BANCROFT 
 LIBRARY 
 
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 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
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 K ] I i ? 
 
 DUOlflON 
 
 FACT-BGDK 
 
 PANAMA-PACIFIC 
 MIRNATIONAL 
 EXPOSITION 
 
 af- 
 
 OPENS CLOSES 
 
 FEBRUARY DECEMBER 
 
 20 4 
 
THE 
 
 EXPOSITION 
 FACT BOOK 
 
 (THIRD EDITION) 
 
 Panama- Pacific 
 
 International 
 
 Exposition 
 
 at 
 
 San Francisco 
 
 February 20 to 'December 4 
 
 1915 
 
Foreword: 
 
 One of the most important features of the Pan 
 ama-Pacific International Exposition will be the 
 great series of Congresses, Conferences and Conven- I ty I 
 tions to assemble in San Francisco between February ' ' 
 20th and December 4th, 1915. x/* 
 
 "The wisdom of all ages is none too great for 
 the world's work," said President McKinley in his 
 famous address at Buffalo in September, 1901. This 
 single, salient sentence epitomizes the plans already 
 formulated for the Congresses to be held under the 
 auspices of the Exposition in 1915. As the material 
 exhibits will show world progress on all lines, so 
 will the Congresses gather together the experience 
 of the ages in education, science, art, industry and 
 social service. 
 
 The President and Directors of the Panama-Pacific 
 International Exposition have from the first recog 
 nized the desirability of providing for a series of 
 Congresses and Conferences that would exceed in 
 scope and excel in character anything heretofore at 
 tempted, and that would stand as a monument long 
 after the material features of the Exposition have 
 been forgotten. The progress already made justifies 
 the statement that this hope will be fully realized. 
 
 More than three hundred Congresses, Conferences 
 and Conventions will meet in or near San Francisco 
 during the Exposition period. Both the American 
 and the International Associations are evincing the 
 keenest interest in participating in this great series 
 of national and international gatherings. 
 
 With the Exposition as a world forum, every 
 conceivable line of human thought will have repre 
 sentation. Delegates will be present from prac 
 tically all civilized nations. 
 
 For the accommodaton of these many gatherings, 
 the Exposition has provided the Exposition Memorial 
 Auditorium at a cost of more than one million dol 
 lars. Festival Hall and Congress Hall on the Expo 
 sition grounds will also be at their service. Both 
 the University of California and the Leland Stanford 
 Junior University have placed all available hall 
 facilities at the service of educational, scientific and 
 other learned bodies meeting in California in 1915. 
 Among the many meeting places available for the 
 use of Congresses and Conventions holding sessions 
 in or near San Francisco in 1915 will be the Munici 
 pal Auditorium now in process of erection in Oak 
 land, just across the bay from San Francisco. With 
 the completion of the Exposition Memorial Audi 
 torium and the Oakland Municipal Auditorium as 
 many as one hundred Congresses and Conventions 
 could be accommodated daily in San Francisco and 
 near-by cities in 1915. 
 
 President, Panama- Pacific 
 
 International Exposition. 
 San Francisco, 
 June 1, 1914. 
 
The Invitation: 
 
 San Francisco, California, 
 June 1, 1914. 
 
 To the Conventions, Congresses and Learned Societies 
 of the World: 
 
 The Panama-Pacific International Exposition cor 
 dially invites you to hold your 1915 meetings in the 
 New San Francisco, on any dates from February 20 
 to December 4. 
 
 Low railway and steamship rates are assured. The 
 2023 hotels and apartment houses in the rebuilt city 
 will provide ample accommodations at reasonable 
 rates. The new million-dollar auditorium, and other 
 halls, will be at your service, this to be without 
 expense to you. 
 
 The Exposition will give you a graphic picture of 
 world progress on all lines. The wide range of 
 routes to San Francisco by rail and water, with the 
 privilege of selecting one route for the going trip 
 and a different one for the return to your homes, 
 will give you an unusual opportunity for seeing 
 scenic and industrial America. By taking the south 
 ern routes either coming to San Francisco or re 
 turning to your homes you can see the New South 
 and the Great Southwest with their distinctive in 
 dustries and wonderful opportunities. The central 
 routes will place you in touch with the industries 
 of the Mississippi Valley and with the scenic won 
 ders of the Rocky Mountains, while the northern 
 routes will provide opportunity for seeing Canada 
 and the Great Northwest. Or should you choose to 
 travel via the Panama Canal, it would enable you to 
 study this wonderful work. After holding your ses 
 sions and visiting the Exposition, you can make San 
 Francisco the center for seeing the Pacific Coast. 
 
 Why not plan to hold your 1915 meetings under 
 the auspices of the Exposition then visit the Yo- 
 semite, the various groves of the Big Trees, the 
 great Canyons of the Sierras, the Redwood Country, 
 the Tahoe or Shasta Resorts, Southern California, 
 or some of the many beach or mountain resorts 
 scattered throughout our Wonderland? Going and 
 coming, across the continent or through the Canal, 
 there is much for you to see on the way if you will 
 take the time. 
 
 Why not make definite plans now for your 1915 
 meeting by the Golden Gate? It will never be more 
 enjoyable; it will never cost so little. The latch- 
 string will be out when you cross the California 
 line. This little Fact Book will give you a definite 
 idea of how you may combine attendance at your 
 1915 meeting in San Francisco with a real world 
 outing. We shall hope to see you in the New San 
 Francisco in 1915. 
 
 Assuring you that you will be most welcome, we 
 are, for the Exposition, 
 
 Very sincerely yours, 
 
 President. 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 NOTE Address all communications regarding 
 Congresses and Conventions to the Director of 
 Congresses, Panama-Pacific International Exposition, 
 San Francisco, California. 
 
ABOUT HOLDING CONVENTIONS IN SAN FRAN 
 CISCO IN 1915, WITH SOMETHING DESCRIP 
 TIVE OF THE EXPOSITION AND OF THE 
 COST OF COMING: 
 
 "What are the advantages of holding our 1915 
 Convention in San Francisco?" 
 
 ''What about the routes to San Francisco?" 
 
 "What will be the Railway and Steamship rates 
 to San Francisco in 1915?" 
 
 "How about hotel facilities?" 
 
 "What will a week in San Francisco cost?" 
 
 ' ' Where can we go after attending our conven 
 tion and visiting the Exposition, and what will it 
 cost?" 
 
 "Can we afford the trip?" 
 
 are among the questions now being asked by mem 
 bers of hundreds of organizations throughout the 
 world. 
 
 THE FACT BOOK: 
 
 This Fact Book is intended especially for members 
 of the many organizations that will hold their 1915 
 meetings in San Francisco. It will seek to give 
 a definite idea of the advantages of such meetings, 
 with facts about the Exposition, the cost of the 
 trip, points of interest, etc. 
 
 ROUTES AND RATES: 
 
 The delegate to San Francisco in 1915 will have 
 a choice of routes that will give for sightseeing and 
 study a range never before presented in the history 
 of expositions. Any one of the many rail lines 
 leading west may be used. There will also be a 
 route by steamship from Atlantic Coast and Gulf 
 ports direct to San Francisco through the Panama 
 Canal. In general the delegate may reach the Ex 
 position City via Denver, Ogden and Salt Lake City, 
 direct or via Los Angeles; via El Paso and Los 
 Angeles, Albuquerque direct or via Los Angeles; 
 or via Spokane, Seattle, Portland, Vancouver, Victoria 
 or Prince Rupert. 
 
 The following round-trip rates have been announced: 
 From Denver and common points to 
 
 San Francisco and return $45.00 
 
 From Omaha, St. Joseph, Atchison, 
 
 Kansas City and common points to 
 
 San Francisco and return 50.00 
 
 From St. Louis, Memphis, New Orleans 
 
 and common points to San Francisco 
 
 and return 57.50 
 
 From Chicago and common points to 
 
 San Francisco and return 62.50 
 
 From Pittsburgh and common points 
 
 to San Francisco and return 81.20 
 
 From Buffalo and common points to 
 
 San Francisco and return 83.50 
 
 From Detroit and common points to 
 
 San Francisco and return 73.50 
 
 From Cincinnati and common points to 
 
 San Francisco and return 71.10 
 
 From Cleveland and common points 
 
 to San Francisco and return 76.20 
 
 From New York and common points 
 
 to San Francisco and return 94.30 
 
 From Philadelphia and common points 
 
 to San Francisco and return 92.95 
 
 From Washington and common points 
 
 to San Francisco and return 92.30 
 
 All tickets good via any direct line, returning via 
 the same or any other direct line. Tickets from 
 Chicago, St. Louis and similar territory are good 
 
via New Orleans, returning via same or any other 
 direct route. All rates apply via Los Angeles. 
 Round trip tickets going or returning via Canadian 
 or northern lines through Prince Rupert, Victoria, 
 Vancouver, Seattle or Portland; Shasta Route (rail) or 
 steamship between these points and San Francisco 
 $17.50 higher, except that tickets via Prince Rupert 
 are $27.50 higher, which includes berth and meals on 
 steamer Prince Rupert to Seattle. Usual stop-over 
 privileges will be allowed on both going and re 
 turn trip. 
 
 Tickets will be on sale March 1st to December 
 1st, 1915, good for ninety days from date of sale, 
 except that final return limit on all tickets sold at 
 above rates will be December 15th, 1915. 
 
 The sleeping car rates can readily be determined 
 on inquiry at starting points. Two classes of sleep 
 ing cars are operated into San Francisco from the 
 east, known as standard and tourist service. The 
 rates in the tourist cars are one-half of the rates in 
 the standard sleepers. 
 
 Special excursion rates by both rail and water 
 will be in effect during the whole of the Exposition 
 period from San Francisco to points of interest 
 throughout the Pacific Coast. 
 
 VIA PANAMA CANAL: 
 
 Rates will be in effect and excursions will be run 
 during the Exposition period taking the traveler 
 through the Canal on going trip and returning via 
 rail or vice versa, from Atlantic Coast and Gulf 
 ports to San Francisco. Steamship service will also 
 be maintained from South American and European 
 ports to San Francisco via the Canal. Travelers 
 via this route will be able to make a study of the 
 Canal, the completion of which the Panama-Pacific 
 International Exposition celebrates. 
 
 BAGGAGE: 
 
 The charges for taking baggage to any point in 
 San Francisco within limits are as follows: Trunks, 
 50 cents; suit cases or bags, 25 cents. Have each 
 piece of baggage conspicuously marked with one or 
 more pasters, or linen tags, showing owner's name, 
 hotel (street and number if private residence), San 
 Francisco. Transfer companies will have agents in 
 uniform on all trains (regular and special) enter 
 ing San Francisco. Members should deliver to them 
 their baggage checks, with proper street address, 
 taking transfer company's receipt for same. Trans 
 fer companies will hold baggage three days free of 
 storage for those undecided as to their location. 
 
 COST OF LIVING: 
 
 "What will a week cost in San Francisco in 
 1915?" is a question often asked. Rooms occupied 
 by one person may be obtained in San Francisco 
 by the day from $1.00 up. Restaurants are numer 
 ous and excellent, where meals are served at from 
 25 cents to $1.00 each. An excellent French, Span 
 ish, Mexican or Italian dinner may be obtained at 
 from 25 cents up. Room and board may be se 
 cured at first-class family hotels or in private fami 
 lies by the week from $12.00 up. Counting $7.00 
 per week for room, $7.00 for meals, and $6.00 for 
 such incidentals as admissions to the Exposition 
 and street car fare, a week's trip to San Francisco 
 would cost $20.00, plus the cost of the round trip 
 to San Francisco, the cost of sleeping-car fare and 
 of such side trips as might be taken during the 
 week. The estimate for incidental expenses covers 
 the car fare to such points of interest as Golden 
 Gate Park, Dolores Mission, the Presidio, Sutro 
 Baths, Cliff House and Seal Rocks (5 cents each 
 
way), and to Oakland, Alameda, Berkeley and the 
 University of California (10 cents each way). The 
 San Francisco theatres are open the year round and 
 play the best New York attractions during the 
 summer months, while the Eastern theatres are 
 closed. The concessions on the Exposition grounds 
 will furnish all sorts of high-class amusement, both 
 during the day time and until 11 o'clock P. M., at 
 prices from ten to fifty cents. 
 
 HOTEL ACCOMMODATIONS: 
 
 San Francisco will provide ample hotel accommo 
 dations in 1915 and at reasonable rates. A census 
 just completed by the San Francisco Chamber of 
 Commerce shows 2023 hotels and apartment and 
 rooming houses in the city, an increase of 786 or 
 about 64 per cent in three years. Besides the hotel 
 dining rooms and grills, the Chamber of Commerce 
 census shows 767 restaurants and cafes, an increase 
 of 110, or 17 per cent, during the past year. Of 
 the hotels more than 90 per cent are new, with 
 such modern conveniences in every room as the tele 
 phone, hot and cold water, steam heat and electric 
 lights. Among the great hotels that rank with the 
 best in New York or London, are the new Palace, 
 with 700 rooms, the Fairmont with 500 rooms and 
 the St. Francis with 750 rooms. An additional wing 
 now being added to the St. Francis will provide a 
 total of about 1000 rooms by 1915. New York is 
 the only American city with greater accommoda 
 tions for conventions and visitors. Within a half 
 hour from San Francisco by ferry and electric car 
 are the cities of Oakland, Alameda and Berkeley, 
 where accommodations can be provided for fully 
 50,000 additional people. 
 
 HOTEL RESERVATIONS FOR 1915: 
 
 The Exposition management has organized a "Bu 
 reau of Information and Public Service," the serv 
 ices of which are rendered free. This bureau Will 
 undertake to supply information regarding hotels, 
 apartments, boarding-houses, and rooms for indi 
 viduals, parties and conventions. The San Francisco 
 Hotel Association, representing more than four hun 
 dred modern hotels, apartment and lodging houses, 
 containing more than 50,000 rooms, has incorporated 
 and established the San Francisco Hotel Bureau, with 
 a capital of $100,000. The Bureau will make con 
 tracts for the members of the Association for hotel 
 and other accommodations which may be desired 
 during the Exposition year and guarantees that all 
 who may so contract will receive just and fair 
 treatment in strict accordance with their agreement. 
 These accommodations, the most modern of any city 
 in the world, will be contracted upon the basis of 
 from one to three dollars per day per person, Euro 
 pean plan, and for any date and any length of 
 time desired. The contracting party will be re 
 quired to give a satisfactory guarantee that the 
 rooms will be used at the time stated in the con 
 tract. Booklets and other literature will be sent to 
 any one wishing information in regard to reserva 
 tions or anything connected with a visit to the Ex 
 position in 1915. Arrangements with these hotels 
 may 'be made through the Exposition "Bureau of 
 Information and Public Service," or directly with 
 the San Francisco Hotel Bureau, No. 702 Market 
 Street, San Francisco. 
 
 INSIDE INN: 
 
 A great Exposition Hotel to be erected on the 
 
 grounds will make a specialty of catering to the 
 
 Congresses and Conventions that will meet in San 
 
Francisco in 1915. Among the convention conven 
 iences will be halls seating from 100 to 1000 each. 
 Officers of organizations holding sessions in San 
 Francisco in 1915 may contract with the Inside 
 Inn for accommodations for their members at fixed 
 rates and for agreed dates. 
 
 The rates per day will be from $1.00 to $10.00 
 (European plan), according to accommodations. Par 
 ties either of women or of men may be accommo 
 dated at very reasonable rates in rooms containing 
 several beds. In addition to the charge for rooms, 
 a charge of 50 cents will be made for each adult 
 guest, and 25 cents for each child between the ages 
 of 5 and 12 years, for daily admission to the 
 grounds. 
 
 The dining service and cuisine will be of the high 
 est character. Single meals will be served as fol 
 lows: Breakfast, 50 cents; luncheon, 50 cents; 
 dinner, $1.00. Meals also will be served a la carte. 
 In addition to the regular dining rooms there will be 
 a ladies' grill, a gentlemen's cafe, a lunch room 
 and private dining rooms. 
 
 The Inside Inn, being within the Exposition grounds, 
 will be subject to the Rules and Regulations of the 
 Exposition, and no abuses, overcharges, nor any 
 thing offensive to the moral sense or good taste, 
 will be permitted. 
 
 FREE CONVENTION HALLS: 
 
 A great Auditorium, to cost one million dollars, 
 will be erected at the new Civic Center in San 
 Francisco for the use of the many Congresses and 
 Conventions that will meet under the auspices of 
 the Exposition in 1915. The main hall will seat 
 10,000; 5000 on the main floor and 5000 on a 
 great sloping balcony so arranged in relation to 
 the ground floor as to give the impression almost 
 of a single great saucer. Ten smaller halls have 
 a seating capacity of from 400 to 1200 each. 
 By rolling partitions the halls on the third and 
 fourth floors may be divided into smaller halls. It 
 will be possible at any one time to accommodate 
 in the Auditorium twenty-one conventions with an 
 attendance of from 250 to 10,000 persons each. In 
 addition to the twenty-one halls there are nineteen 
 rooms, each seating from 35 to 125, suitable for 
 committee or section meetings. There are forty- 
 one exits from the ground floor. Besides the ele 
 vators, fourteen wide stairways lead to the balcony 
 and to the halls on the upper floors. The Exposi 
 tion Auditorium will be one of the best planned 
 for Congresses and Conventions in America. It is 
 about one mile from the Exposition entrance, in 
 one of the quiet portions of the city, well located 
 for deliberative gatherings. Halls will also be 
 available on the grounds. Festival Hall, seating 
 3000, is especially intended for organizations con 
 cerned with music, and will be equipped with a 
 splendid pipe organ. A special pavilion on the 
 grounds will be provided for agricultural, horticul 
 tural and live stock organizations. The University 
 of California and Stanford University have placed 
 all available facilities at the service of learned 
 societies and scientific bodies desirous of meeting 
 at either University in 1915. Among the available 
 meeting places at the University of California is 
 the Greek Theatre, a beautiful out-door auditorium 
 seating 8500 people. 
 
 DATES: 
 
 The Panama-Pacific International Exposition will 
 open February 20 and close December 4, 1915, a 
 
period of nine and one-half months from Winter 
 to Winter. 
 
 SEEING THE EXPOSITION: 
 
 The Exposition may be reached by ferry from the 
 foot of Market Street or by street car from any 
 part of San Francisco. The San Francisco-Oakland 
 Terminal Railways (Key System) will operate dur 
 ing the Exposition period a combined electric train 
 and ferry service that will carry passengers direct 
 to the Exposition grounds from Oakland, Alameda 
 or Berkeley; fare one way 25 cents, round trip, 40 
 cents. At least a week, and as much longer as time 
 will permit, should be set aside for visiting the Ex 
 position. The price for single admission will be 
 50 cents for all over twelve years of age; 25 cents 
 for children between the ages of five and twelve; 
 children under five will be admitted free when 
 accompanied by an adult person. The main exhibi 
 tion palaces will open at nine o'clock A. M., and 
 will be closed at sun-down. No entrance fee will 
 be charged to any of the exhibition palaces. 
 
 THE GROUNDS: 
 
 The Exposition grounds contain 635 acres in the 
 ' ' Harbor View ' ' section, forming a natural amphi 
 theatre overlooking San Francisco Bay and its 
 ' ' Golden Gate ' ' entrance from the Pacific. These 
 grounds include part of the United States military 
 reservations the "Presidio" on one end and "Fort 
 Mason" on the other. The Exposition grounds ex 
 tend over two miles on the water front and aver 
 age one-half mile in width. 
 
 TRANSPORTATION : 
 
 Any part of the grounds may be reached by 
 motor bus from points within the grounds, fare 
 10 cents. A double track railway extends along the 
 water front from one end of the site to the other, 
 giving a four mile ride for 10 cents. One of the 
 transportation features for the convenience of visi 
 tors will be the automobile chair. Push chairs, 
 jinrikshas and bicycle chairs will also be available 
 at reasonable rates. 
 
 PALACES AND EXHIBITS: 
 
 Both the Exposition and the event it celebrates, 
 the completion of the Panama Canal, look to the 
 future rather than to the past. For that reason ex 
 hibits in all departments will be contemporaneous 
 rather than historical, and will seek to show the 
 progress of the world during the ten years pre 
 ceding 1915. The exhibits will be grouped in eleven 
 departments, as follows: 
 
 Department A, Fine Arts. 
 
 Department B, Education. 
 
 Department C, Social Economy. 
 
 Department D, Liberal Arts. 
 
 Department E, Manufactures and Varied Industries. 
 
 Department F, Machinery,- 
 
 Department G, Transportation. 
 
 Department H, Agriculture. 
 
 Department I, Live Stock. 
 
 Department K, Horticulture. 
 
 Department L, Mines and Metallurgy. 
 
 Exhibit palaces with as much as nine acres of 
 floor area each will be provided. The combined area 
 will amount to 3,731,500 square feet. A horticul 
 tural display of 50 acres, 12 acres of railroad and 
 other outdoor exhibits, a drill and aviation field 
 of 50 acres, state buildings 40 acres, foreign build 
 ings 37 acres, will be some of the features. 
 
Nine months before the date fixed for the open 
 ing of the Exposition, nine of the twelve main 
 exhibit palaces were completed. The first palace 
 to be finished was the Palace of Machinery, the 
 largest wooden frame structure in the world, which 
 was completed over a year before the Exposition 
 opening. On June 1st, 1914, each of the eight 
 buildings constituting the main group of exhibit 
 palaces, had been turned over to their respective 
 chiefs of departments for the installation of ex 
 hibits. This group comprises the Palace of Varied 
 Industries, the Palace of Mines and Metallurgy, the 
 Palace of Transportation, the Palace of Agriculture, 
 the Palace of Food Products, the Palace of Educa 
 tion, the Palace of Liberal Arts and the Palace of 
 Manufactures. Of the remaining three palaces, the 
 Palace of Horticulture at this date (June 1st, 1914) 
 is 90 per cent complete, the Palace of Fine Arts 
 30 per cent complete, and the structural walls for 
 Festival Hall, the main auditorium upon the Expo 
 sition grounds, are now being erected. 
 
 EDUCATION: 
 
 The educational exhibit now being gathered for 
 the Panama-Pacific International Exposition, is be 
 ing arranged by subjects. For example, there will 
 be exhibits showing national problems in education, 
 the educational development of foreign countries, 
 various methods of state control, higher education, 
 kindergartens, agricultural education, physical and 
 vocational work, fine and applied arts, outdoor ac 
 tivities, special groups and special methods, libraries, 
 social service, rural education, etc. 
 
 A state, city, university, academy, etc., will be 
 invited to exhibit, if it can handle thoroughly and 
 to the satisfaction of visitors, one of these great 
 subjects or some important phase of the same. Un 
 der this arrangement one state will handle voca 
 tional training; another, centralized control; another, 
 decentralized control; another, educational exten 
 sion; another, the consolidation of rural schools; 
 another, outdoor education; another, agricultural 
 work in rural communities, etc. Certain cities and 
 institutions will show music, kindergartens, edu 
 cation by moving pictures, co-operative courses, art, 
 classes for atypical children, methods of medical 
 inspection, special methods of teaching hand-writing, 
 drawing, social service, schools for mining, etc. One 
 section of the exhibit will be reserved for moving 
 pictures; another, for the display of commercial 
 activities of peculiar value to school people; an 
 other, for class rooms, where classes in actual opera 
 tion will illustrate methods of teaching, which can 
 only be well displayed by the classes themselves; 
 another will show outdoor education, outdoor schools, 
 kindergartens, day nurseries and playgrounds, all 
 conducted, as nearly as possible, in conformity with 
 actual conditions prevailing in the different cities 
 of the country. 
 
 Altogether the educational exhibit is to be a 
 living, moving school of the most advanced kind. 
 It is a school which will teach from various angles, 
 the fundamental facts of education, namely that 
 school and life must be closely interwoven; that 
 education is a preparation for complete and healthy 
 living am*/ not merely a preparation for certain 
 types of life; that the school is properly a social 
 clearing house for the community and the "melting 
 pot" T^iiich must Americanize, humanize and "in 
 dustrialize" not merely our children, but all of the 
 people in all of our communities. 
 
 10 
 
SOCIAL ECONOMY: 
 
 Social Economy at the Panama-Pacific Interna 
 tional Exposition will include subjects suggested 
 under the general titles Home and Child Welfare, 
 Hygiene, Charities, Corrections, Municipal, Religion, 
 Research and Labor. 
 
 Certain states, cities, organizations and commer 
 cial agencies which excel in particular lines of social 
 activity will exhibit their methods and facts show 
 ing the direct results of their efforts. This depart 
 ment of the Exposition is expected to appeal in part 
 to those directly interested in humanitarian efforts, 
 but in far larger part to shrewd and resourceful cap 
 tains of industry, labor leaders or public officials 
 who have already been impressed with the economic 
 value of social effort and now await only detailed 
 demonstrations of best methods before adopting 
 more comprehensive programs of social conservation. 
 
 LIVE STOCK: 
 
 The plans of the Department of Live Stock in 
 clude a continuous exhibition of live stock from 
 February 20th to December 4th, 1915. For the 
 competitions between breeds of live stock and 
 poultry, which will take place in October and No 
 vember, 1915, the Exposition has set aside $175,000 
 in cash, Associations of this and other countries 
 have added $75,000 and a number of states have 
 made contributions which will approximate $200,000, 
 thus making a total of $450,000 that will be 
 awarded in live stock premiums. 
 
 The special activities of the Department of Live 
 Stock include benching the dogs that compete in 
 the International Field Trials, a Universal Polo 
 Meeting with competing teams from all over the 
 world, two Harness Race Meetings in competition 
 for $227,000 in stakes and purses, an International 
 Egg Laying Contest, extending from November 1st, 
 1914, to November 1st, 1915, an International 
 Mounted Military competition, participated in by 
 teams representing the armies of the world, an In 
 ternational Sheep Shearing Contest, an International 
 Demonstration of the proper method of sorting and 
 grading wools, an International Sheep Dog Trial, 
 and, following the special competition in horses, 
 cattle, sheep, swine, poultry, pigeons, dogs, cats and 
 pet stock, a Children's Pet Stock Show, in which 
 the youth of the world will enter their pets in dis 
 play and competition for prizes. 
 
 The high point in attendance at all national and 
 international expositions on this continent has been 
 during the live stock show period. At San Fran 
 cisco there will be opportunities for study and en 
 joyment throughout the term of the Exposition. 
 
 GOVERNMENT EXHIBIT: 
 
 The exhibit of the United States Government at 
 the Panama-Pacific International Exposition has 
 been divided into sixteen grand divisions or sec 
 tions, representing all of the Executive Departments, 
 except one, and seven independent offices and com 
 missions. The Departments to be represented by 
 exhibits are State, Treasury, War, Postoffice, Navy, 
 Interior, Agriculture, Commerce and Labor, and the 
 other divisions comprise the Civil Service Commis 
 sion, the Isthmian Canal Commission, the Library 
 of Congress, the Smithsonian Institution, the Commis 
 sion of Fine Arts, the Governemnt Printing Office 
 and the American National Red Cross. 
 
 Army wagons, tents and equipment used in the 
 Civil War are expected to form a section of the 
 exhibit being prepared by the War Department. Side 
 
 11 
 
by side with the modern paraphernalia of war, will 
 be shown models and in many cases originals, of the 
 equipment of bygone days. A complete field hospi 
 tal, in operation throughout the period of the Ex 
 position will be another feature of the exhibit of 
 Uncle Sam's fighting forces. 
 
 The American National Red Cross will occupy a 
 large space in the Palace of Liberal Arts, and the 
 exhibit will include a panorama of Messina, Italy, 
 showing in a vivid fashion the relief work of the 
 Red Cross during the disaster which overtook the 
 Sicilian city. The background will show mountains 
 and the ruined city, and the foreground the Amer 
 ican town which was built for the refugees out of 
 the funds contributed to the Red Cross. The equip 
 ment for relief on battlefields will be shown in all 
 its details, and there will be various exhibits show 
 ing the work done during the Ohio floods of 1913, 
 and numerous other object lessons in the splendid 
 work of which the Red Cross is capable and is ready 
 to undertake at short notice. 
 
 The Department of the Interior, with its many 
 bureaus will be compelled, within the limits of its 
 allotted space, to exhibit a vast number of im 
 portant activities. These comprise the General Land 
 Office, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Bureau of 
 Education, the Patent Office, the Pension Office, the 
 Geological Survey, the Reclamation Service, the 
 Bureau of Mines and the National Parks and reser 
 vations. The Bureau of Education of the Interior 
 Department, will undertake the preparation and in 
 stallation of a general educational exhibit in the 
 Palace of Education and Social Economy. The 
 reclamation of arid lands, the storing of water and 
 its distribution for irrigation purposes and the great 
 engineering projects under its direction will be fea 
 tured by the Reclamation Service. 
 
 Every possible advantage in the location of the 
 Exposition grounds will be taken by the Govern 
 ment to add to the interest of the federal exhibit. 
 Permission may be secured to visit the many forts 
 around the bay and the battleship fleet which will 
 be anchored off the Exposition site. An exhibition 
 drill by the United States Life Saving crew will 
 be given daily at the station on the Exposition 
 grounds. 
 
 CALIFORNIA BUILDING: 
 
 One of the most impressive of the Palaces and 
 Pavilions at the Exposition, will be the California 
 building, representing a much larger amount of 
 money for cost" of construction and equipment than 
 any other structure on the grounds and covering 
 over five acres, being second in size only to Ma 
 chinery Hall, the largest wooden building in the 
 world today. 
 
 The California building has been designed after 
 the style of the historic missions erected in Cali 
 fornia by the Spanish Monks, and is located on the 
 shore of San Francisco Bay, in the foreground of 
 the picture that will greet the eyes of visitors enter 
 ing the Golden Gate. To the west of the building 
 will be the stately pavilions of New York and 
 Oregon, to the east will be the Yacht Harbor and 
 Park and to the south will be the Palace of Food 
 Products and the Palace of Fine Arts with its fairy 
 lake and islands. The administrative wing of the 
 building will be three stories in height, and the re 
 mainder, in which the products of the various coun 
 ties of the State will be displayed, will have two 
 stories. 
 
This building will contain the Executive and Ad 
 ministrative offices of the Exposition, and in it the 
 Woman's Board will entertain in behalf of the State 
 of California. It will contain a richly decorated 
 ball room, the largest in the State, a great reception 
 room and a reception room for the Administrative 
 division, where President Chas. C. Moore will receive 
 the official guests of the Exposition. 
 
 Among interesting features of the building will be 
 the roof garden, the four imposing towers and the 
 beautiful forecourt 200 feet square, overlooked by 
 the statue of Junipero Serra, the first of the Spanish 
 Missionaries to California. The structure and its 
 equipment will represent an outlay of over $2,000,000. 
 
 THE MAEINA: 
 
 Along the north facade of the main group of ex 
 hibit palaces, for more than three-quarters of a mile, 
 will stretch the North Gardens. Separating the gar 
 dens from the palaces will be the paved Esplanade, 
 and between the gardens and the yacht harbor will 
 extend the Marina driveway, bordered along the bay 
 front by an ornamental Italian balustrade, along 
 which at intervals will be placed decorative light 
 standards. 
 
 METHODS OF LIGHTING: 
 
 At the Exposition methods of "indirect" lighting 
 will be used for out-of-door effects for the first time 
 at any exposition. The palace walls will be flooded 
 by light from high power arcs, concealed or shaded 
 from the eyes of the spectators by the use of or 
 namental metal shields or banners. Domes will be 
 illuminated from within by powerful searchlights 
 arranged to give varying colored effects. Architec 
 tural features will be accentuated by the use of 
 "jewels" of polished crystal. 
 
 A MARITIME EXPOSITION: 
 
 Fronting San Francisco Bay and within sight of 
 the Golden Gate, the Exposition is distinctly mari 
 time. The Bay, the Golden Gate, the Pacific Ocean, 
 the ships coming and going, will be among the great 
 attractions to those visiting the Exposition. By 1915 
 various direct steamship lines through the Panama 
 Canal will be in operation to San Francisco from 
 Europe and from Atlantic and Gulf ports of the 
 United States. From San Francisco as a centre visi 
 tors may take delightful trips in coast steamers to 
 Santa Cruz, Los Angeles, San Diego, Portland, Ta- 
 coma and Seattle, or longer voyages to Alaska, the 
 Hawaiian Islands, Japan, China, the Philippine 
 Islands, Australia, New Zealand, Tahiti and South 
 American ports. 
 
 REGATTAS: 
 
 A regatta for sailing yachts will be held under the 
 auspices of the Exposition during the three weeks' 
 period from April 5th to 24th, 1915, inclusive. 
 Among the regatta events will be an international 
 race for 12-metre yachts, for which the President of 
 the United States has offered a handsome trophy 
 cup. Entries for this race have already been made 
 by Great Britain and the United States. His 
 Majesty King George V. of England has also pre 
 sented a handsome cup which will be raced for by 
 yachts of the "N" class (38-foot class) under Uni 
 versal Rule. Races for other classes of yachts, in 
 cluding " sonderclasse " and schooner yachts, have 
 also been arranged. Valuable cupa and trophies will 
 be offered as prizes for the winners of all races 
 and the Exposition will furnish souvenirs to all com 
 peting yachts. 
 
 13 
 
A motor boat regatta will be held during Octo 
 ber, 1915. The principal feature of this regatta will 
 be an international cruiser race from New York, 
 through the Canal, to San Francisco, arriving in San 
 Francisco during this regatta. The distance to be 
 covered is approximately 6000 miles. Ten thousand 
 dollars in prizes will be given for this race. Addi 
 tional races will be held during the regatta, com 
 prising every class of motor boat, for which suitable 
 prizes and trophies will be awarded. 
 
 NAVAL FEATURES: 
 
 The Exposition grounds, fronting San Francisco 
 Bay and directly adjoining Fort Mason on one side 
 and the Presidio on the other, are ideally located for 
 both military and naval displays and the serious 
 study of all matters pertaining to any branch of 
 those services. Directly east of the grounds are the 
 newly completed Transport Docks, from whence sails 
 the Government fleet to the nation's island posses 
 sions in the Pacific. 
 
 An International Naval Pageant will be one of 
 the most spectacular events of the Exposition. An 
 chored in San Francisco Bay, directly off the Expo 
 sition site, will be ships flying the flags of all the 
 principal maritime nations of the world. The fol 
 lowing nations have notified the Navy Department 
 that they will send men-of-war to the Exposition: 
 Argentine Republic, Austria, France, Germany, Great 
 Britain, Greece, Italy, Japan, Portugal, Russia, Spain 
 and Turkey. Others are also expected to participate. 
 The United States battleship fleet will act as hosts 
 to visiting foreign navies. This International Page 
 ant will take place in March, 1915. Ample oppor 
 tunity will be afforded visitors to the Exposition to 
 visit the men-of-war, a special boat harbor having 
 been provided in the grounds for the accommoda 
 tion of those who may wish to go on board the 
 vessels of the great international fleet. 
 
 The "Olympia," the flagship of Admiral Dewey, 
 and the "Oregon," vessels of historical interest, will 
 be moored in a basin adjoining the Exposition 
 grounds throughout the Exposition period, and will 
 be open to visitors. Methods of instruction for en 
 listed men will be exemplified on selected battle 
 ships of the United States Navy, anchored in the 
 bay opposite the Exposition. 
 
 The Navy Department will also be represented 
 on shore by a very fine and interesting exhibit which 
 will include, among other things, a collection of 
 figure heads of historic ships, models of all types 
 of modern men-of-war, motion pictures of the fleet 
 at maneuvers and target practice, a working model 
 radio plant and an exhibition of hydroaeroplanes. 
 
 MILITARY FEATURES: 
 
 Across the Golden Gate on the Marin hills are 
 the highest seacoast batteries in the Western Hemi 
 sphere. On the west, the Presidio, the ancient Span 
 ish stronghold, is now probably the most important 
 army post in the United States, containing a large 
 garrison of cavalry, artillery, infantry, and the tech 
 nical and staff corps. Here military work is prac 
 tically continuous, varying from teaching the awk 
 ward "rooky" how to walk, to night practice with 
 the great concealed seacoast batteries at a five-mile 
 range. Visitors may secure permission to visit the 
 many other forts around the bay that, taken together, 
 make this one of the most strongly fortified harbors 
 in the world. 
 
 Proper barracks will be built on the grounds and 
 visiting military organizations and uniform ranks 
 of the fraternal societies will be assigned to them 
 
 14 
 
on application. There will be no charge made for 
 this, and the first admission will be the only one 
 charged to men in uniform, if provided with a spe 
 cial trip pass countersigned by the Commanding 
 Officer. Cots and bedding will be provided. 
 
 An International Military Tournament will be 
 held and it is assured that organizations will com 
 pete from many foreign armies, the organized militia 
 of various states, military schools and cadet corps. 
 Competitions will also be arranged between the uni 
 form ranks of fraternal societies. 
 
 Besides these military competitions, there have 
 been arranged exclusively military events in the 
 international polo contests, aviation meets, horse 
 shows, etc., to be participated in by officers and 
 soldiers of all armies in uniform. 
 
 MUSIC: 
 
 The music at the Exposition will consist of con 
 certs by the greatest military bands of Europe and 
 America, and by the Exposition orchestra of eighty 
 performers under conductors of international fame; 
 of concerts by leading musical organizations of the 
 United States and Canada; of organ recitals by the 
 world's greatest organists and of miscellaneous con 
 certs, recitals, festivals and tournaments by visiting 
 organizations of many kinds. 
 
 Among the great musical festivals already sched 
 uled for San Francisco in 1915 is the International 
 Welsh Eisteddfod. A large prize will be offered for 
 the 1915 ode of 1000 lines. An aggregate of $25,000 
 will be distributed in prizes. A prize of $10,000 will 
 be offered by the Eisteddfod for the chief choral 
 composition and of $3000 for the male choir. 
 
 SPECIAL EVENTS: 
 
 Among the most notable special events already 
 scheduled are the Vanderbilt Cup Race and the 
 Grand Prix Automobile Race. The entire course for 
 both races will be within the Exposition grounds. 
 The special events will include oriental and other 
 pageants and days set aside for foreign, state, city 
 and county celebrations. 
 
 AERONAUTICS: 
 
 The new science of aviation, which has reached 
 its development since the last world's exposition 
 held in this country, will be given much attention 
 at the Panama-Pacific International Exposition. 
 Every type of aircraft, including dirigible balloons, 
 will be on active exhibition in the Palace of Trans 
 portation and on the aviation field within the Ex 
 position grounds. For one week prior to the start 
 of the Around the World Aeronautical Race in May, 
 1915, there will be held an aviation meet, for which 
 $25,000 in prizes will be offered. Events are being 
 programmed including aerial maneuvers in connec 
 tion with the military and naval forces which will 
 be present representing the various nations of the 
 world. 
 
 The middle of May, 1915, will be the date of the 
 start of the great Panama-Pacific International 
 Around the World Aerial Race, for which the Ex 
 position has offered prizes amounting to $150,000. 
 In addition to this sum the various cities included 
 in the route of the race are preparing to offer sup 
 plementary prizes which, it is estimated, will bring 
 the total up to at least $300,000. A chain of sup 
 ply and control stations is being laid out, which 
 will encircle the globe. Any motor driven aircraft 
 may be entered in the race. It is expected that 
 there will be found among the contestants represen 
 tatives of all civilized nations. The race will be held 
 
 15 
 
under the supervision of the Federation Aeronauti- 
 que Internationale, which has a recognized sporting 
 jurisdiction over all aeronautical activities. The 
 scientific phase of the flight will be under the super 
 vision of an International Commission to be ap 
 pointed by the heads of the various governments 
 traversed by the flight and will form the basis of 
 discussion for the World's International Aeronauti 
 cal Congress, now in process of organization. This 
 Congress will bring together, during the Exposition, 
 the foremost scientific aeronautical experts of the 
 world. 
 
 SPORTS AND ATHLETICS: 
 
 A series of state, coast, national and interna 
 tional events covering the whole range of sports 
 and athletics will extend throughout the Exposition 
 period. The Modern Pentathlon will be contested 
 from August 24th to 28th, inclusive, and the Inter 
 national Olympic Committee has awarded to the 
 Exposition the Olympic Medal for this international 
 competition, which consists of the following events: 
 Duel shooting at 25 metres, swimming 300 metres 
 free style, fencing, riding over a course not exceed 
 ing 5000 metres, cross-country race of 4000 metres. 
 A Marathon race will be run with entries from the 
 best known long distance men in the world. The 
 ten events of the Decathlon, including throwing the 
 javelin, running, putting the weight, hurdling and 
 throwing the discus, is scheduled for August 17th 
 and 18th, 1915. 
 
 Every championship of the Amateur Athletic 
 Union, the national governing body of the United 
 States, will be held in San Francisco under the 
 auspices of the Exposition in 1915. All the cham 
 pionships of the Pacific Athletic Association will be 
 held in San Francisco in 1915 as will the champion 
 ships of all associations west of the Rocky Moun 
 tains. Three days will be devoted to Irish sports 
 and pastimes. Swedish gymnastics and athletics will 
 be given a week with a similar period for exhibi 
 tions of the German type. Many international 
 competitions are planned for Army Week and Navy 
 Week. The Boy Scouts will give demonstrations of 
 their work during Boy Scout Week. Among the 
 sports for which competitions have been arranged 
 are archery, bowling, canoeing, cricket, golf, hand 
 ball, field hockey, roque, rowing, skating, basket 
 ball, wrestling, swimming, water polo (soccer), fenc 
 ing, boxing, cycling, dumb bell and weight lifting, 
 football, baseball, tennis, lacrosse and running. 
 
 Most of the sports and athletic contests will be 
 given in the Exposition Stadium, a specially pre 
 pared field on the Exposition grounds. The track 
 is a third of a mile oval with a quarter mile 
 straightaway for special races. The grandstand at 
 the Stadium, facing San Francisco Bay and with 
 an outlook on the Golden Gate, will seat 20,000 
 people. 
 
 Among the national and international sporting 
 and athletic events already scheduled are the fol 
 lowing: 
 
 February 22nd A. A. U. Basketball Champion 
 ship. 
 
 March 26th and 27th A. A. U. Gymnastic Cham 
 pionships. 
 
 April 16th and 17th A. A. U. Wrestling Cham 
 pionships. 
 
 April 26th to 30th Panama-Pacific International 
 Exposition Fencing Championships. 
 
 May 5th to 8th Panama-Pacific International Ex 
 position Boxing Championships. 
 
 16 
 
July 19th to 24th A. A. U. Swimming Cham 
 pionships. 
 
 July 19th to 24th A. A. U. Water Polo (soccer) 
 Championships. 
 
 August 2nd to 4th Panama-Pacific International 
 Exposition Cycling Championships. 
 
 August 5th All Around Championships, open to 
 the world's amateurs. 
 
 August 5th and 6th International Dumb Bell 
 and Weight Lifting Contests. 
 
 August 6th Junior Track and Field Champion 
 ships. 
 
 August 7th Senior Track and Field Champion 
 ships. 
 
 August 9th and 10th National Relay Racing. 
 
 August 12th Ten Mile Run; Seven Mile Walk; 
 International Tug-of-War (Olympic Rules). 
 
 August 13th and 14th Panama-Pacific Interna 
 tional Exposition Intercollegiate Championships. 
 
 September 6th Pentathlon (five events). 
 
 September 13th to 18th U. S. Football Associa 
 tion Soccer Championships. 
 
 During September International Tennis Cham 
 pionships. 
 
 October 4th to 9th Panama-Pacific International 
 Exposition Lacrosse Championships. 
 
 THE ZONE: 
 
 The Exposition will amuse as well as instruct. 
 The main avenue in the amusement section of the 
 Exposition will be known as "The Zone." Here 
 you will see the novel, the grotesque, the hilarious. 
 Here will be shown all that ingenuity, skill or dar 
 ing can accomplish. The Zone will be 3000 feet 
 in length and will run through the centre of the 
 concessions district, sixty-five acres in area. The 
 district, on the eastern edge of the Exposition site, 
 at the foot of Van Ness Avenue, will be open from 
 9:30 A. M. until 11 o'clock P. M. 
 
 More than 7000 applications for concessions have 
 already been received, while but 100 have been ac 
 cepted. These 100 represent an investment of ap 
 proximately $8,000,000. More than 7000 people will 
 be employed in the concessions district, while the 
 total investment in the amusements to be offered 
 visitors in 1915 will exceed twelve millions of dol 
 lars. Among a few of the important concessions 
 already accepted are "The Grand Canyon," a splen 
 did spectacle to be presented by the Santa Fe Rail 
 way ; ' ' The Panama Canal, "a working model of 
 the great canal at Panama; a reproduction of naval 
 submarines under water; Frederic Thompson's "Toy- 
 land" (Grown Up); the evolution of the dread- 
 naught, showing the development of fighting craft 
 from the early galleys to the modern dreadnaught; 
 "Creation," based on the first chapter of Genesis; 
 a reproduction of the world-famous city of Nurem 
 berg; an Ice Palace in which International skating 
 and hockey matches will be held; an "Oriental Vil 
 lage"; "Forty-nine Camp," depicting the early life 
 of California; "Cyclorama Battle of Gettysburg"; 
 "Mohammed's Mountain"; the "Aeroscope"; a 
 great Chinese City; a reproduction of the famous 
 "Yellowstone Park" by the Union Pacific Railway 
 System; "Infant Incubators," demonstrating the 
 preservation of the lives of premature and weakly 
 born infants; "The Dayton Flood," showing the 
 city before, during and after the disaster, etc., etc. 
 The Exposition Street of Amusements will be a liv 
 ing color page of the world with attractions draws 
 from the ends of the earth. 
 
 17 
 
PARTICIPATION: 
 
 The following foreign countries have at this date 
 (June 1, 1914) accepted the nation's invitation to 
 
 participate in the Exposition: 
 
 Argentine Italy 
 
 Austria Japan 
 
 Australia Liberia 
 
 Bolivia Mexico 
 
 Brazil New Zealand 
 
 Canada Nicaragua 
 
 Chili Panama 
 
 China Paraguay 
 
 Costa Rica Persia. 
 
 Cuba Peru 
 
 Denmark Portugal 
 
 Dominican Republic Salvador 
 
 Ecuador Siam 
 
 France Sweden 
 
 Greece Switzerland 
 
 Guatemala Turkey 
 
 Hayti Uruguay 
 
 Holland Venezuela 
 
 Honduras 
 
 The following states, territories and possessions 
 
 have either made provision for participation in the 
 
 Exposition or are now actively engaged in doing 
 so. It is expected that the other states will give 
 
 some consideration to the matter in the near future. 
 
 Alaska Nebraska 
 
 Arizona Nevada 
 
 Arkansas New Jersey 
 
 Colorado New York 
 
 Delaware North Carolina 
 
 Florida North Dakota 
 
 Georgia Ohio 
 
 Hawaii Oklahoma 
 
 Idaho Oregon 
 
 Illinois Pennsylvania 
 
 Indiana Philippines 
 
 Iowa Rhode Island 
 
 Kansas South Carolina 
 
 Kentucky Tennessee 
 
 Louisiana Texas 
 
 Maryland Utah 
 
 Massachusetts Virginia 
 
 Michigan Washington 
 
 Minnesota West Virginia 
 
 Mississippi Wisconsin 
 
 Missouri Wyoming 
 Montana 
 
 A total of seven and one-half million dollars has 
 been raised for Exposition purposes by popular sub 
 scription in San Francisco alone. In addition to 
 that the city has authorized a five-million-dollar 
 bond issue, while the State of California has taxed 
 itself to the amount of another five millions of dol 
 lars. Practically every county in California has 
 levied a six cent Exposition tax to provide funds 
 for building and exhibits. San Francisco and Cali 
 fornia will invest fully twenty millions of dollars 
 in the Exposition before the gates open on February 
 20, 1915. 
 
 LUNCHES AND MEALS: 
 
 A chain of lunch counters, restaurants and cafes 
 will provide visitors to any part of the grounds 
 with meals at reasonable rates. Anything may be 
 secured from a 10-cent sandwich to a course din 
 ner. A Submarine Restaurant will be one of the 
 novelties. Through plate glass walls real water may 
 
 18 
 
be seen overhead and on the four sides with fish of 
 many varieties, with divers at work, etc. This 
 concession will make a specialty of serving fish and 
 other sea foods. One of the quaintest of the con 
 cessions will be a reproduction of the old market 
 place of Nuremberg to be reproduced on the Expo 
 sition grounds at a cost of $225,000. The banquet 
 halls, folk dance halls, restaurants, cafe and con 
 cert garden will be reproduced as they existed five 
 centuries ago. Here refreshments will be served 
 by employes dressed in the native costumes of the 
 fifteenth century. 
 
 One of the most attractive hostelries upon the 
 grounds will be the "Old Faithful Inn," a reproduc 
 tion of the famous Inn in Yellowstone Park, to be 
 located in the Yellowstone Park concession, which 
 will be presented by the Union Pacific System at 
 an approximate outlay of $350,000. Arrangements 
 have been made by the Union Pacific System to 
 secure the services of the official Exposition Orchestra 
 for afternoon and evening concerts. The Inn will be 
 provided with elaborate dining rooms, as well as ban 
 quet rooms, where visiting delegates to conventions 
 may assemble. The surroundings of the Inn will 
 be especially attractive; among other features of the 
 Yellowstone Park concession will be reproductions 
 of "Nature's Paint Pot," a geyser with waters of 
 varied and brilliant hues; "The Aerial Gardens"; 
 "Ocean Pond"; Boiling Eivers; "Geyser Land" 
 and many others. These are but instances of many 
 similar concessions. 
 
 REGARDING MENUS: 
 
 Rates for lunches and meals served on the Expo 
 sition grounds will be reasonable. Each conces 
 sionaire will be under contract with the Exposition 
 to provide everything on all bills of fare at agreed 
 prices. The restaurants and cafes on the grounds 
 will cater to all tastes and will range from res 
 taurants providing simple, inexpensive meals to high 
 class cafes that will rank with the best in San 
 Francisco, Chicago or New York. Two of the res 
 taurants will provide meals at 50 cents each; other 
 restaurants will serve meals a la carte. The fol 
 lowing selected from the contract with one of the 
 concessionaires are typical rates for the moderate 
 priced restaurants: 
 
 Soups: 
 
 Consomme $0.10 
 
 Rice Tomato .15 
 
 Salads: 
 
 Potato 10 
 
 Celery 15 
 
 Crab 25 
 
 Fish and Meat: 
 
 Fillet of Sole 20 
 
 Broiled Salmon 30 
 
 Roast Beef 35 
 
 Vegetables: 
 
 Potatoes . .05 , 
 
 Green Peas 10 
 
 Asparagus 25 
 
 Dessert, Coffee, etc.: 
 
 Pies 10 
 
 Fresh Fruits 10 
 
 Grape Fruit 15 
 
 Ice Cream and Cake 15 
 
 Coffee 05 
 
 19 
 
ABOUT SAN FRANCISCO: 
 
 Days can profitably be spent in San Francisco in 
 visiting points of interest in the reconstructed city. 
 In April, 1906, after three days of burning, San 
 Francisco was a city in ruins, with its population 
 scattered to the four winds; today it is the newest 
 city on earth, with a population of 416,912 accord 
 ing to the United States Census of 1910, with mag 
 nificent hotels, public buildings, business blocks and 
 homes. Since April, 1906, the day of the Great Fire, 
 more than 45,000 buildings have been erected in the 
 New San Francisco, at a cost of about $300,000,000. 
 History records no such complete destruction, re 
 placement and betterment of a great city in so short 
 a time. No better instance of the spirit of the New 
 San Francisco can be shown than the fact that its 
 citizens recently raised more than five millions of 
 dollars in less than two hours in support of the Ex 
 position. The total bank clearings for the past year 
 amounted to the enormous total of $2,427,075,543.00. 
 
 SEEING SAN FRANCISCO: 
 
 A study of reconstructed San Francisco, with its 
 Golden Gate, its splendid harbor, ocean frontage, 
 wharves and shipping, parks, markets, military 
 reservations, old Mission, public buildings, unique 
 Chinatown, historic points and near-by resorts will 
 well repay all visiting the Exposition in 1915. The 
 best way to make a comprehensive study of the city 
 is by "Seeing San Francisco" personally conducted 
 trips by street car, tally-ho or automobile, at cost 
 ranging from 75 cents to $1.00 per person. 
 
 The "Seeing San Francisco" cars leave the Ferry 
 Building at 10:00 a. m. and 2:00 p. m., daily, making 
 the complete trip in three hours. A stop will be 
 made at the Cliff House to view the Seal Rocks, the 
 beaches and the Golden Gate. Fare for the round 
 trip, 75 cents. 
 
 A two and one-half hours' automobile trip, leaving 
 at 10:00 a. m. and 2:00 p. m., gives one a splendid 
 idea of the city, park and beach. Fare for round 
 trip, $1.00. 
 
 A most interesting trip is that through Chinatown, 
 visiting the joss houses, the Chinese theaters, bazaars, 
 curio stores, restaurants, markets, etc. 
 
 NEAR SAN FRANCISCO: 
 
 With San Francisco as the center a week or more 
 can be well spent and at small cost in visiting the 
 cities of Oakland, Alameda and Berkeley, a twenty- 
 minute ride across the Bay, and such near-by points 
 of interest as Stanford University, the University of 
 California at Berkeley, the Mare Island Navy-yard, 
 Mill Valley, Mount Tamalpais, the Muir Redwoods, 
 Piedmont Springs, etc. The following are a few of 
 the points of interest that can be reached from San 
 Francisco, with the round-trip fare in each case: 
 
 University of California at Berkeley . . . $0.20 
 
 Sausalito, by steamer 25 
 
 Mill Valley 40 
 
 San Rafael 50 
 
 Steamer trip around San Francisco Bay. 1.00 
 Mare Island (the United States Navy- 
 yard), by steamer 1.00 
 
 The ' ' Portola Discovery Trip ' ' on the 
 Ocean Shore Railroad, leaving San 
 Francisco at 10:00 a. m. and return 
 ing at 5:15 p. m 1.00 
 
 Palo Alto for Stanford University, Sun 
 day excursion, $1.05; two-day excur 
 sion 1.30 
 
 20 
 
Redwood Canyon, on the Oakland, An- 
 tioch and Eastern Railway. Round 
 trip from San Francisco, week days, 
 $0.80; Saturdays and Sundays $0.55 
 
 Trip to the base of Mount Diablo by 
 ferry and electric railway. Round trip 
 from San Francisco, week days $2.10; 
 Saturdays and Sundays 1.40 
 
 Mount Tamalpais, over "the crookedest 
 railroad in the world, ' ' and where a 
 magnificent view of the Pacific Ocean, 
 of San Francisco Bay with its sur 
 rounding hills and mountains and of 
 twenty-five cities can be had 1.90 
 
 The Muir Woods via Mount Tamalpais 
 Railway (a grove of virgin redwoods, 
 some nearly three hundred feet high 
 and within two hours' ride from San 
 Francisco) 1.90 
 
 The Mount Tamalpais and Muir Woods 
 trips can be combined in a day's out 
 ing for a round-trip fare of 2.90 
 
 The "Key-Trolley Trip," leaving San Francisco 
 at 10:00 a. m. and 1:00 p. m., returning at 4:50 p. m., 
 gives one sixty-eight miles of sight-seeing, visiting 
 the University of California, the Greek Theater, the 
 cities of Berkeley, Alameda and Oakland, Piedmont 
 Gardens and Springs and the Ostrich Farm. Fare 
 for the round trip, including guide and admission 
 to attractions, $1.00. 
 
 AN OUTING: 
 
 "How can we combine, at reasonable cost, an 
 outing on the Pacific Coast with seeing the Exposi 
 tion and with attendance at our 1915 Convention?" 
 is the constant query. After Convention Week and 
 visits to the Exposition, there are dozens of coast and 
 mountain resorts throughout the Pacific Coast that 
 can be visited with pleasure and profit. Among the 
 typical regions that will be of especial interest are 
 points in the Great Central Valley, the resorts 
 among the redwoods (both north and south of San 
 Francisco), the various groves of Big Trees, the 
 resorts near Mount Shasta, Lake Tahoe, Yosemite 
 National Park, the Kings and Kern River Canyons, 
 the many coast resorts all the way from Alaska to 
 San Diego, Los Angeles and near-by resorts and the 
 Great Northwest. The spas of California will be 
 found equal to the best in Europe. An idea of the 
 cost of staying a week in each of these typical areas 
 will be given. Of course the monthly rate would, in 
 all cases, be less. 
 
 A DEFINITE ESTIMATE: 
 
 From these figures any one can easily make a 
 definite estimate of the cost of a visit to the Expo 
 sition in 1915, whether a week, a month or longer, 
 be spent. To estimate the total cost of the trip, 
 each person should, of course, add the cost of trans 
 portation and of Pullman or tourist berth to San 
 Francisco and return to the other items of expense 
 (cost of living, of side trips, of incidentals, etc.). 
 Transportation expense may be saved by stopping 
 over at some one or more of the various resorts 
 passed in going to or returning from San Francisco. 
 
 THE GREAT CENTRAL VALLEY: 
 
 Between the two great mountain ranges of Cali 
 fornia, the Sierra Nevada on the east and the Coast 
 Range on the west, lies the Great Central Valley, 
 drained by the San Joaquin and the Sacramento 
 rivers. This valley extends from the Tehachapi 
 
 21 
 
Mountains on the south to Mount Shasta on the 
 north, a distance of about 450 miles. With nearly 
 20,000 square miles of comparatively level land, this 
 great valley is both the granary of California and 
 one of the great fruit and stock producing regions 
 of the world. The southern portion of the valley is 
 known as the San Joaquin Valley, while the northern 
 part is called the Sacramento Valley. 
 
 Visitors to the state wishing to study Agricultural 
 California should by all means visit points in the 
 Great Valley. Here is the home not only of grains, 
 alfalfa, celery and asparagus, but of the fig, the 
 almond, the grape, the orange, the apricot, the olive 
 and other tropical and subtropical fruits. 
 
 The cities of Sacramento and Stockton may be 
 reached from San Francisco by both rail and 
 steamer, while Bakersfield, Visalia, Fresno, Merced, 
 Marysville, Oroville, Chico and other cities may be 
 reached by rail. 
 
 TRIPS BY RIVER: 
 
 A steamer service between San Francisco and 
 Stockton or Sacramento gives opportunity for see 
 ing San Francisco Bay and the rich peat land area 
 of the San Joaquin-Sacramento delta. The steamers 
 leave San Francisco daily at 6:00 p. m., reaching 
 Stockton, 105 miles distant, early the next morning. 
 Fare, $1.00; berth, 50 cents; stateroom, $1.00; meals, 
 50 cents. Round-trip tickets, Saturday to Monday 
 nights, $1.35. 
 
 A daily steamer service, Sundays excepted, by the 
 Netherlands Route of the Southern Pacific, gives a 
 delightful ride between San Francisco and Sacra 
 mento, the capital of the state, a distance of 125 
 miles. The steamer, affording a daylight trip, leaves 
 San Francisco at 8:00 a. m., reaching Sacramento at 
 6:00 p. m. Fare, $1.50; berth, 50 cents; staterooms, 
 $1.00; meals, 50 cents. Round-trip tickets on desig 
 nated dates, $2.00. Tickets over the Southern Pa 
 cific between San Francisco and Sacramento will be 
 honored either by rail or on the Netherlands Route. 
 
 The steamers of the California Transportation 
 Company leave San Francisco at 3:00 p. m. and 6:30 
 p. m. daily, Sundays excepted, reaching Sacramento 
 at 6:00 a. m. the following morning. Fare, $1.50; 
 berth, 50 cents; staterooms, $1.00 to $3.00; meals, 50 
 cents. Round-trip tickets, Saturday to Monday 
 nights, $2.00. 
 
 AMONG THE REDWOODS: 
 
 A week could be very pleasantly spent among the 
 redwoods at numerous hotels, mineral springs or 
 farm resorts on the line of the Northwestern Pacific 
 Railroad, north of San Francisco. On this line 
 special summer rates will be granted in 1915. A 
 most attractive one-day jaunt over this line is the 
 "Triangle Trip," taking one through 150 miles of 
 mountain and redwood forest scenery, with a boat 
 ride on San Francisco Bay, and by rail along the 
 Russian River. Round-trip rate for the "Triangle 
 Trip": Sundays, $2.20; Fridays and Saturdays, $2.50; 
 other week days, $2.80. Hotel accommodations may 
 be secured at these resorts at from $8.00 to $14.00 
 per week. 
 
 CALAVERAS BIG TREES: 
 
 A most 'interesting trip is that to the Calaveras 
 Big Trees, reached by rail from San Francisco via 
 Stockton to Angels, thence by stage twenty-two miles 
 to the grove. This is the land of Bret Harte and 
 Mark Twain and of the placer mining of the days 
 of '49. The Sierra Road cuts through Table Moun- 
 
 22 
 
tain, recalling "Truthful James" and the "Society 
 Upon the Stanislaus." The route follows the famous 
 Mother Lode, giving an opportunity to see something 
 of deep quartz mining. Among other trips that can 
 be taken at small cost are those to Mercer's Cave 
 and to the Natural Bridge. Other side trips from 
 this region are those to Lake Eleanor and the Hetch 
 Hetchy Valley. The round-trip fare from San Fran 
 cisco to the Calaveras Big Trees is $14.60. Hotel 
 accommodations from $12.00 per week up. 
 
 SHASTA RESORTS: 
 
 All reaching San Francisco or returning home by 
 the Shasta Route of the Southern Pacific, will find 
 it well worth their while to stop over for a week or 
 more at any one of the resorts near Mount Shasta. 
 Excursions to Mount Shasta and to the numerous 
 mineral springs, trips among the pines, mountain 
 climbing, hunting and fishing are among the attrac 
 tions of the Shasta region. Hotel accommodations 
 from $12.00 per week up. 
 
 LAKE TAHOE: 
 
 During the open season, from May 15 to October 
 15, a week, or the entire vacation, for that matter, 
 can be profitably spent at the Lake Tahoe resorts 
 (elevation 6240 feet). Lake Tahoe is twenty-three 
 miles long and thirteen miles wide. Those going to 
 or returning from San Francisco by the Ogden Route 
 of the Southern Pacific may stop over at Truckee 
 and visit the Tahoe resorts at but little extra ex 
 pense for side-trip transportation. Stop-overs at 
 Truckee will be allowed on all through railway and 
 Pullman tickets. A round-trip ticket from Truckee 
 to the lake, around the lake by steamer "Tahoe" and 
 return to Truckee will cost $6.00. On this ticket 
 stop-overs will also be allowed. Among Tahoe amuse 
 ments are trout fishing in the lake and numerous 
 streams found roundabout, bathing, boating, driving 
 and mountain climbing. Accommodations may be 
 secured at the Tahoe resorts at from $2.00 per day up. 
 
 YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK: 
 
 Those reaching San Francisco via the San Joaquin 
 Valley or with return tickets via the San Joaquin 
 Valley lines, can arrange to reach the Yosemite 
 National Park from Merced via the Yosemite Valley 
 Railway, all tickets permitting stop-over privileges at 
 Merced. From Merced the round-trip rate to the 
 Park is $18.50. For those not routed via the San 
 Joaquin Valley, the round-trip rate to the Yosemite 
 National Park from San Francisco will be $22.35 for 
 those traveling on day trains, with $2.00 each way 
 added for Pullman for those taking the night train. 
 Camp accommodations in the Park can be secured at 
 from $2.50 to $3.00 per day; hotel rates from $3.50 
 to $5.00 per day. Tents for private camping may be 
 rented at reasonable rates. Trained saddle horses 
 may be hired in the Park at from $2.50 to $4.00 per 
 day. Many tourists in the Park take the trails on 
 foot, thus eliminating the expense for saddle horses 
 as well as securing the enjoyment of mountain 
 climbing. Twenty-six miles from the Park is the 
 Mariposa Grove of Big Trees. This Grove can be 
 reached by stage, the round trip costing $15.00. From 
 El Portal, the terminus of the Yosemite Valley Rail 
 way, the Merced Grove of Big Trees may be reached 
 by stage at an expense of not to exceed $7.50. 
 
 23 
 
THE CANYONS; 
 
 A pleasant week may be spent in the Sequoia 
 National Park east of Visalia, or in the neighboring 
 canyons of the Kings and Kern rivers, which, with 
 their higher surrounding mountains, offer attractions 
 only equaled by the Yosemite. Those going to San 
 Francisco or returning via the San Joaquin Valley 
 may stop over at Visalia or Exeter. The round trip 
 from there to Camp Sierra in the Giant Forest, 
 where are the greatest number of Big Trees in the 
 world, is about $13.00, including electric railway and 
 stage ride. In the Giant Forest are more than 3,000 
 Big Trees over 300 feet high, with many thousands 
 more of lesser size. The round trip from Visalia or 
 Exeter, including a week's accommodation at Camp 
 Sierra, transportation, etc., would be about $25.00. 
 The rate at Camp Sierra for tent and board is $2.00 
 per day or $50.00 per month. 
 
 COAST RESORTS: 
 
 A week and as much longer as one wishes to re 
 main, could be delightfully spent at Santa Cruz, Del 
 Monte, Pacific Grove, Paso Robles Hot Springs or 
 El Pizmo Beach, resorts on the Coast Line of the 
 Southern Pacific between San Francisco and Los 
 Angeles. Among the attractions at either Santa 
 Cruz or Pacific Grove are surf-bathing, boating and 
 fishing. Between Pacific Grove and Hotel Del Monte 
 or Monterey, one may journey by street car. take 
 the famous Seventeen-mile Drive, visit Carmel Mis 
 sion, etc. Tickets via Ogden, Salt Lake City, Port 
 land, Deming, El Paso or Albuquergue good for 
 passage over the Southern Pacific Coast Line between 
 San Francisco and Los Angeles, will be honored via 
 Santa Cruz and from Castroville to Del Monte, Mon 
 terey or Pacific Grove and return, without extra 
 charge. On these tickets stop-overs will be allowed 
 at Palo Alto to visit Stanford University (one mile 
 from Palo Alto), and at San Jose to inspect the 
 orchards of the Santa Clara Valley or to visit the 
 Lick Observatory on Mount Hamilton, 4209 feet 
 elevation, (round trip by stage, $5.00). Accommoda 
 tions may be secured at the Coast resorts at from 
 $12.00 per week up. 
 
 SANTA CRUZ BIG TREES: 
 
 The Santa Cruz Grove of Big Trees is on the line 
 of the Southern Pacific railway, seventy miles south 
 of San Francisco and six miles north of Santa Cruz. 
 The trees in this grove are known as Sequoia sem- 
 pervirens or redwood. The "Giant," the largest 
 tree in the grove, is sixty-four feet in circumference 
 and 308 feet high. The grove may be reached from 
 Santa Cruz by automobile or tally-ho or via the 
 Southern Pacific. Nineteen miles from Felton and 
 twelve miles from Boulder Creek, stations on the 
 line of the Southern Pacific, is California Redwood 
 Park, a state park of 3800 acres of natural forest. 
 
 THE SANTA CLARA VALLEY: 
 
 The orchards of the Santa Clara Valley, reached 
 by the Southern Pacific from San Francisco or Oak 
 land, may be toured from San Jose by automobile or 
 tally-ho. The entire western section of the valley 
 may be seen from the cars of the Peninsular Electric 
 Railway. A forty-mile ride over this line may be 
 made between San Jose and Palo Alto for 90 
 cents, while a journey over the entire line, returning 
 to starting point, may be taken on the Blossom Trol 
 ley Trips by cars which leave San Jose, Los Gatos 
 and Palo Alto every day between 9:30 and 10:30 
 a. m., for $1.00. From Palo Alto cars run every 
 
 24 
 
ten minutes to Stanford University. Alum Eock 
 Canyon, the unique city park of San Jose, may be 
 reached by cars leaving the center of the city; fare, 
 10 cents each way. 
 
 SANTA BARBARA: 
 
 A week in Santa Barbara would give a most de 
 lightful rest. A visit to the Old Mission, the beach, 
 the many drives and trails, will all prove of the 
 greatest interest. Hotel accommodations from $12.00 
 per week up. 
 
 LOS ANGELES AND SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA: 
 
 From Los Angeles many delightful and inexpensive 
 trips can be made to San Diego and other points of 
 interest throughout southern California. The cost 
 for room and meals in Los Angeles, San Diego, Cata- 
 lina, Santa Monica. Long Beach, Redondo and other 
 near-by resorts will be about the same as in San 
 Francisco. The following are a few of the points of 
 interest that may be reached from Los Angeles, with 
 the round- trip rate in each case: 
 
 Pasadena and the Ostrich Farm $0.25 
 
 Santa Monica, Redondo Beach, Long 
 Beach, Venice or San Pedro 50 
 
 " Seeing Los Angeles" by auto or 
 observation car 50 
 
 Old Mission Trolley Trip, including 
 Pasadena, Baldwin's Ranch, Monro 
 via, San Gabriel Mission and Al- 
 hambra 1.00 
 
 Balloon Route Trolley Trip, traveling 
 thirty-six miles along the ocean shore, 
 visiting ten beaches and eight cities . . 1.00 
 
 Triangle Trolley Trip, visiting Santa 
 Ana, Huntington Beach, Naples, Long 
 Beach, Point Firmin and San Pedro . . 1.00 
 
 Mount Lowe Trolley Trip, through Pasa 
 dena and Rubio Canyon, Echo Moun 
 tain and Alpine Tavern 2.50 
 
 Santa Catalina, the island resort, sixty- 
 day ticket, $2.75; ticket Saturday and 
 Sunday with return limit on Monday. 2.50 
 
 The "Kite-shaped Track" over the 
 Santa Fe, the "Inside Track" over 
 the Southern Pacific, or the "Orange 
 Belt Trip" over the Salt Lake Rail 
 way 3.00 
 
 THE NORTHWEST: 
 
 Those reaching San Francisco or returning home 
 via northern routes should make Portland, Spokane, 
 Seattle, Victoria, Vancouver and Prince Rupert cen 
 ters for visiting the many points of interest through 
 out the Great Northwest. The cost for room and 
 meals would be about the same as in San Francisco. 
 
 Five or six days might well be spent in Yellow 
 stone National Park. The cost for such a trip, de 
 pending on the time taken and the camp or hotel 
 accommodations secured, would range approximately 
 from $40.00 to $53.50, that sum covering stage trans 
 portation, meals, lodgings and guides. 
 
 With eighty living glaciers and some 250 mountain 
 lakes, Glacier National Park in northwestern Mon 
 tana is well worth a visit. At the hotels and chalet 
 camps in the Park, accommodations may be secured 
 at from $3.00 to $5.00 per day, American plan. 
 
 Many fine resorts in the Rockies and Selkirks in 
 Alberta and British Columbia offer the tourist and 
 delegate first-class accommodations. Hotels are main 
 tained by the Canadian Pacific Railway at the 
 
 25 
 
Canadian National Park, Banff (Alberta), Lake 
 Louise (Alberta), Emerald Lake, near Field, B. C., 
 at Glacier, B. C., in the heart of the Selkirks and 
 at Kootenay Lake, Balfour, B. C. Rates from $3.50 
 per day up, American plan. 
 
 On the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, only recently 
 completed, the traveler enters the Rockies through 
 the Yellowhead Pass where the highest mountains in 
 Canada are viewed at close range. From this point 
 westward he is rewarded with seven hundred miles of 
 mountain scenery to Prince Rupert on the Pacific. 
 
 FEATHER RIVER CANYON: 
 
 Those reaching San Francisco and the Exposition 
 over the Western Pacific Railway will have an oppor 
 tunity of seeing the rock-walled canyons of the 
 Feather River. In the Sierras along this line are 
 many resorts with near-by streams well stocked with 
 trout. Hotel accommodations from $10.00 per week up. 
 
 GRAND CANYON: 
 
 Those routed via the Santa Fe route will enjoy 
 a week at the Grand Canyon of Arizona. Here 
 travelers may take trail trips, ride in coaches along 
 the rim and camp out below in the canyon's depths. 
 The round-trip rate by rail from Williams on the 
 Santa Fe to the Canyon is $7.50. At Bright Angel 
 Camp rooms may be secured at $1.00 per day, with 
 meals at the Harvey Cafe at reasonable rates. The 
 rate at the El Tovar Hotel is from $4.00 per day up. 
 Other points of interest on the line of the Santa Fe 
 are the Cliff Dwellings, the Indian Pueblos, the 
 Petrified Forest and Old Santa Fe. 
 
 HAWAII: 
 
 For those who can spare the time, one of the most 
 delightful trips from San Francisco is to Hawaii. 
 The first-class fare for the round trip is $110, and 
 it can be made in seventeen days, giving five days 
 on the islands. The tickets are good for six 
 months, and the full time could be en joy ably spent 
 in visiting the numerous points of interest, bathing 
 in the surf and resting in the tropical gardens. 
 Steamers run from Honolulu to other islands. The 
 cost of living and transportation will be about the 
 same as for equal distances and time in California. 
 The trip from Honolulu to Mount Kilauea, one of the 
 largest active volcanoes in the world, and return 
 costs $30. It can be made in two and one-half days. 
 
 ALASKA: 
 
 Those who wish to combine a steamer trip with 
 scenery of marvelous grandeur should arrange for a 
 trip to Alaska. Either San Francisco, Seattle, Van 
 couver, Victoria or Prince Rupert may be taken for 
 the starting point. From San Francisco one may go 
 by rail or water to Seattle, Vancouver or Victoria, 
 changing at either port to Alaska steamer. Various 
 summer excursions taking from ten to fourteen days 
 from these northern ports are available to points in 
 Alaska at a cost of from $44.00 to $100.00 for the 
 round trip. Berth and meals are included in price 
 of steamer ticket. 
 
 Among the interesting points that can be reached 
 on these excursions are Victoria, Vancouver, Queen 
 Charlotte Islands, Ketchikan, Wrangell, Juneau, 
 Skagway, Sitka, Old Kassan Indian Totem Pole Vil 
 lage, Cordova, Valdez, Seward, etc. Among the 
 glaciers that may be seen are the following: Taku, 
 Windom, Davidson, Muir, Child's and Miles'. The 
 two last named are reached by a fifty-mile trip from 
 Cordova over the Copper River & Northwestern Rail- 
 
 26 
 
road. For hundreds of miles the steamers pass 
 through the quiet waters of the "Inside Passage" 
 in sight of the mainland and of a constant succes 
 sion of islands. 
 
 During the summer months steamers ply between 
 Seattle and Nome, taking twenty days for the round 
 trip. Fare for the round trip, $100.00, if one re 
 turns on the same steamship, or $125.00 if return is 
 made on some other steamship. Besides the scenic 
 attractions of Alaska, its agriculture, mines and 
 fisheries are well worth a careful study. 
 
 ACTUAL EXPERIENCES: 
 
 The figures given are based on the actual expenses 
 of those who have taken their outings at the various 
 resorts mentioned. These figures may be consider 
 ably lessened and the trip still be highly enjoyable, 
 by taking one's own tent and camp equipment or by 
 renting furnished tents or cottages at various resorts. 
 
 LIGHT HOUSEKEEPING: 
 
 At such resorts as Coronado Tent City (San Diego), 
 Catalina, Santa Cruz Tent City, Pacific Grove, 
 Shasta Retreat, etc., furnished tents may be rented 
 for light housekeeping. In delicacy stores found at 
 such resorts, hot soups, meats, salads, etc., may be 
 secured during certain hours, while arrangements 
 may always be made for occasional or regular meals 
 at the hotels. If camping facilities are utilized in 
 this way (as is done by hundreds each year), a 
 party of four or more can easily spend six weeks 
 in California at from $30.00 to $50.00 each. 
 
 FESTIVALS: 
 
 Nearly every community in the West has some 
 distinctive celebration at varying intervals. An 
 organization has been formed to plan these festivals 
 so that they may provide an almost continuous round 
 of pleasure, from Pasadena's Tournament of Roses 
 on New Year's Day, to San Francisco's unique fare 
 well to the Old Year and Welcome to the New. 
 Some will be historical, like Cabrillo Day in San 
 Diego and the Portola in San Francisco; others will 
 celebrate distinctive local features, like the Rose 
 Festival in Portland, Raisin Day in Fresno and the 
 Fruit Blossom Festival in Santa Clara and Alameda 
 counties, while others will be of a general nature, 
 but of great variety, such as La Fiesta de los Flores 
 in Los Angeles, the Golden Potlatch in Seattle, the 
 Dominion Horse Show in Vancouver and the Mid- 
 Pacific Carnival in Honolulu. In 1915 these many 
 festivals will provide a series of spectacles that will 
 be of unusual interest to all attending the Exposition. 
 
 AUTOMOBILING: 
 
 From San Francisco as a center the motorist in 
 1915 may reach all parts of the Coast over smooth, 
 well-constructed state and county highways. The 
 people of California have voted eighteen million dol 
 lars to build two highways from north to south, one 
 through the great interior valley, the other along the 
 coast. Much of the work has already been done 
 and the remainder, it is hoped, will be completed by 
 1915. By order of the Secretary of the Interior, the 
 ban against entering Yosemite Valley with auto 
 mobiles has been removed. The automobile interests 
 of the country are agitating the construction of a 
 transcontinental highway from the Atlantic to the 
 Pacific. At the time this book goes to press the 
 success of this project seems assured and the motor 
 ist in 1915 will find a concrete road across the 
 country, the western end of which touches San 
 Francisco. 
 
 27 
 
The Exposition, with the assistance of the auto 
 mobile clubs, is marking all the good roads leading 
 into this highway with blue-and-white embossed steel 
 signs, so that the tourist from any part of the 
 country, by following these signs, will be directed 
 into the transcontinental road by the quickest and 
 easiest route. 
 
 HUNTING AND FISHING: 
 
 California has long been known as a paradise for 
 disciples of Nimrod and Sir Isaak Walton. Its for 
 ested mountains are the haunts of deer, bear, Cali 
 fornia lion, grouse, quail and other game, and its 
 streams are full of fish. Lake and brook trout are 
 abundant in the mountain streams, and bass, salmon 
 and shad are the favorites in the valley. Along the 
 coast there is an infinite variety of sport, from cast 
 ing with ordinary rod and line to heroic struggles 
 with gigantic tuna. Millions of wild geese swarm 
 the fields in the interior in fall and spring, and the 
 marshes and sheltered streams of the Great Valley 
 are hunting grounds for wild ducks. For those who 
 prefer to hunt with the camera, a trip to the 
 Yosemite National Park, where the use of firearms 
 is forbidden, and where deer may often be surprised, 
 affords rare sport. Good hunting or fishing grounds 
 in the mountains may be reached by rail, from San 
 Francisco, with short trips by stage or on foot into 
 the wilds. 
 
 CLIMATE: 
 
 San Francisco offers a cool coast summer climate 
 with no rain ; a winter climate without snow, ice 
 or blizzard. The following are a few facts gleaned 
 from Bulletin 44, "The Climate of San Francisco," 
 prepared by Professor A. G. McAdie of the United 
 States Weather Bureau, and published by the United 
 States Department of Agriculture: 
 
 The annual mean temperature of San Francisco is 
 56 degrees Fahrenheit. September is the warmest, 
 and January the coldest month. The mean tempera 
 ture of September is 59.1 degrees, and of January 
 49.2. In the last twenty years there have been only 
 twenty-seven days during which the temperature 
 exceeded ninety degrees, and in the same period it 
 has not fallen below 32 degrees, the freezing point. 
 The differences between day and night temperatures 
 are small. The warmest hour, 2 p. m., has a mean 
 temperature of 59.2, and the coolest hour, 6 a. m., 
 has a mean temperature of 50.9 degrees. 
 
 The following shows the average number of rainy 
 days during the months of the Exposition period, 
 the data being taken from the official records cover 
 ing sixty-two years: March, 11 rainy days; April, 6; 
 May, 4; June, 1; July, 0; August, 0; September, 2; 
 October, 4; November, 7. Delegates should bring 
 overcoats and wraps. From April to November 
 umbrellas may safely be left at home. 
 
 EXPOSITION CLUBS: 
 
 Various local and national organizations have 
 worked out plans for raising funds through weekly 
 payments, so that contributing members will have 
 sufficient moneys for a trip to San Francisco in 1915. 
 These weekly payments are placed in local banks 
 and allowed to accumulate until the Exposition 
 period. Under this plan, for instance, a saving of 
 $2.50 each week during the next year would 
 provide ample funds for a trip from Chicago to San 
 Francisco to see the Exposition in 1915 and to visit 
 points of interest en route and selected points 
 throughout the Pacific Coast. 
 
 28 
 
BUREAU OF CONVENTIONS AND SOCIETIES: 
 
 The Exposition has organized a "Bureau of Con 
 ventions and Societies" to have charge of all 
 arrangements for Conventions and Congresses to 
 meet in San Francisco in 1915. This work will be 
 under the following general heads: 
 
 1. National and International gatherings held 
 under the auspices of particular societies; 2. Learned 
 Societies; 3. Conventions; 4. Information as to hotels, 
 transportation routes and rates, as well as places 
 of interest throughout the Pacific Coast. The Bureau 
 will furnish full and accurate information regard 
 ing hotel rates and facilities, halls, transportation 
 routes and rates, and such other information as may 
 be desired by organizations planning to meet in San 
 Francisco in 1915. 
 
 THE "GROUPING" PLAN: 
 
 With the hearty co-operation of the societies in 
 terested, the Bureau of Conventions and Societies is 
 grouping organizations with related interests so that 
 all such Congresses and Conventions may meet in 
 or near San Francisco in 1915, within a period ex 
 tending over from one to three weeks. Among the 
 periods already tentatively or finally established are 
 those concerned with education, science, history, 
 economics, genealogy, social service, engineering, 
 press, insurance, dentistry, medicine and hygiene, 
 city planning, gas, agriculture, etc., etc., etc. In 
 some cases these related organizations will unite dur 
 ing the week following their meetings in a great 
 Congress or Conference. 
 
 ADVANCE SURVEY OF EXHIBITS: 
 
 A recognized weakness at most expositions held in 
 the past has been that members of Congresses and 
 Conferences have received no advance information 
 in definite, organized form, concerning the exhibits 
 illustrating their respective lines of interest. At the 
 suggestion of the Bureau of Conventions and Socie 
 ties many educational, scientific and technical Con 
 gresses and Conferences meeting in San Francisco 
 in 1915 will have committees of members, in all cases 
 recognized experts, make a survey of the exhibits 
 shortly after the Exposition opens in February, 
 1915. This survey, listing exhibits in which their 
 members will be especially interested, will be issued 
 as a printed outline by ; these Associations, and mailed 
 to their members from two to four months in ad 
 vance of the dates selected for such Congresses and 
 Conferences. These outlines will be illustrated with 
 maps showing how the various Exposition entrances 
 may be conveniently reached from the hotel district 
 and how the exhibits listed may be located on the 
 grounds and in the various exhibit palaces. In 
 many instances papers presented before various 
 associations will be based in part on exhibits. Under 
 this plan the Exposition is regarded as a working 
 laboratory in its relation to Congresses and Con 
 ferences. In this way it is hoped that the Exposi 
 tion, both through Congresses and exhibits, may 
 have a definite message to all lines of educational, 
 scientific and industrial thought. 
 
 SPECIAL DAYS: 
 
 In many cases special days will be observed 
 with appropriate exercises on the Exposition grounds 
 by organizations holding their 1915 meetings in San 
 Francisco. Among the special days already scheduled 
 are the following: 
 
 29 
 
April 18th Insurance Day. 
 
 May 5th B'nai B'rith Day. 
 
 July 21st American Forestry Association Day. 
 
 July 21st American Historical Association Day. 
 
 August 17th Scottish Day. 
 
 August 21st Collegiate Alumnae Day. 
 
 August 26th Supreme Court Foresters of America 
 
 Day. 
 
 September 4th Alpha Delta Phi Day. 
 September 9th California Day. 
 
 A SUMMARY (June 1, 1914): 
 
 Practically all of the national and international 
 organizations of the world have been invited to hold 
 regular or special meetings, or to send delegations 
 to San Francisco to participate in the activities of 
 the Exposition. The following brief summary will 
 give an idea of the character of the Congresses, Con 
 ferences and Conventions already positively or ten 
 tatively scheduled for San Francisco or near-by 
 points in 1915: 
 
 Agricultural 21 
 
 Business 22 
 
 Educational 22 
 
 Fraternal 36 
 
 Genealogical 7 
 
 College Fraternities 23 
 
 G-overmental, Civic and Political 15 
 
 Historical 5 
 
 Industrial 15 
 
 Labor 9 
 
 Professional 12 
 
 Religious 9 
 
 Scientific 22 
 
 Social and Charitable 8 
 
 Total 226 
 
 The Congresses and Conventions already scheduled 
 represent an attendance of from about 200 to 40,000 
 each. As these gatherings will be in session from 
 three to twelve days each, there is even at this early 
 date an average of about four Conventions per day 
 for the 288 days of the Exposition period from Feb 
 ruary 20 to December 4, 1915. It seems certain 
 that a considerable number of additional Conferences 
 and Conventions will be secured during the coming 
 year. 
 
 ^% 
 
 WHY IN 1915? 
 
 The Exposition is planning to make the Conven 
 tions and Congresses a great feature. These world 
 gatherings will bring to San Francisco the great 
 thinkers of all nations along the lines of fraternity, 
 industry, art, science and education. Low railway 
 and steamship rates, ample hotel accommodations at 
 reasonable rates, a favorable climate, the attractions 
 of the Exposition and points of interest throughout 
 California and the Pacific Coast will make 1915 
 Convention Year in San Francisco. 
 
 30 
 
INDEX 
 
 About San Francisco 20 
 
 Accommodations for Uniform Ranks of Societies . . 14 
 
 Actual Experiences 27 
 
 Aeronautics 15 
 
 Alaska 26 
 
 Auditorium for Conventions 8 
 
 Automobiling 27 
 
 Baggage 6 
 
 Barracks 14 
 
 Bureau of Information 7 
 
 Calaveras Big Trees 22 
 
 California Building 12 
 
 Camping Parties 27 
 
 Canyons 24 
 
 Climate of San Francisco 28 
 
 Coast Resorts 24 
 
 Contracts for Rooms on Agreed Dates 7 
 
 Conventions and Societies, Bureau of 29 
 
 Cost of Trip, How to Estimate 21 
 
 Dates of Opening and Closing 8 
 
 Definite Estimates 21 
 
 Education 10 
 
 Eisteddfod 15 
 
 Estimated Cost of Week at Exposition 6 
 
 Exposition Clubs 28 
 
 Fact Book 5 
 
 Feather River Canyon 26 
 
 Festival Hall 8 
 
 Festivals 27 
 
 Foreword 3 
 
 Free Convention Halls 8 
 
 Glacier National Park 25 
 
 Government Exhibit 11 
 
 Grand Canyon 26 
 
 Great Central Valley 21 
 
 Greek Theater 8 
 
 Grounds 9 
 
 Grouping Plan 29 
 
 Hawaii 26 
 
 Hotel Accommodations 7 
 
 Hotel Reservations for 1915 7 
 
 Hours Exposition Will Be Open 9 
 
 Hunting and Fishing 28 
 
 Information, How to Secure 29 
 
 Inside Inn 7 
 
 International Military Tournament 15 
 
 International Naval Pageant 14 
 
 31 
 
INDEX Continued 
 
 Invitation, The 4 
 
 Lake Tahoe 23 
 
 Lick Observatory 24 
 
 Light Housekeeping 27 
 
 Live Stock n 
 
 Los Angeles and Southern California 25 
 
 Lunches and Meals 18 
 
 Marina 13 
 
 Mariposa Big Trees 23 
 
 Maritime Exposition 13 
 
 Meetings at Universities 8 
 
 Menus 19 
 
 Merced Big Trees 23 
 
 Methods of Lighting 13 
 
 Military Features 14 
 
 Music 15 
 
 Naval Features 14 
 
 Near San Francisco 20 
 
 Northwest, The 25 
 
 Outing, An 21 
 
 Palaces Completed June 1, 1914 10 
 
 Palaces and Exhibits 9 
 
 Participation of Nations and States 18 
 
 Questions 5 
 
 Rate of Admission 9 
 
 Redwoods, Among the 22 
 
 Regattas 13 
 
 Return by Different Routes 5 
 
 Routes and Rates 5 
 
 Santa Barbara 25 
 
 Santa Clara Valley 24 
 
 Santa Cruz Big Trees 24 
 
 Seeing the Exposition 9 
 
 Seeing San Francisco 20 
 
 Shasta Resorts 23 
 
 Social Economy 11 
 
 Special Days 29 
 
 Special Events 15 
 
 Sports and Athletics 16 
 
 Standard and Tourist Sleeping Cars 6 
 
 Street of Amusements 17 
 
 Summary of Conventions 30 
 
 Summer 's Outing 21 
 
 Transportation on Grounds 9 
 
 Trips by River 22 
 
 Via Panama Canal 6 
 
 Why in 1915? 30 
 
 World Outing 4 
 
 Yellowstone National Park 25 
 
 Yosemite National Park 23 
 
 Zone, The 17 
 
 32 
 
EXPOSITION 
 
 FACT-BGDK 
 
 PANAMA-PACIFIC 
 INMATIONAL 
 EXPOSITION 
 
 at- 
 
 OPENS CLOSES 
 
 FEBRUARY DECEMBER 
 
 20