Hl'-VM-'i.'"' ■'V.i i
 
 ' J.M.JONES, 
 
 JiOOI^SELlER &C. 
 
 \(i'.n,iir -Street. 
 ' BRISTOL.
 
 hM 
 
 y 

 
 Ex Libris 
 C. K. OGDEN 
 
 THE MISSION: 
 
 SCENES IN AFRICA, 
 
 WRITTEN FOR YOUNG PEOPLE. 
 BY 
 
 CAPTAIN MARRYAT. 
 
 VOLUME I. 
 
 LONDON : 
 LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. 
 
 PATERNOSTER ROW. 
 
 1845.
 
 PR 
 
 AQhH UNIVERPT'^y 
 
 , _ SANTA hAxixi.^RA 
 
 VntD 
 
 0-. \ 
 
 THE MISSION. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 THE EXPEDITION. 
 
 It was in the autumn of the year 1828, that 
 an elderly and infirm gentleman was slowly 
 pacing up and down in a large dining-room. 
 He had apparently finished his dinner, although 
 it was not yet five o'clock, and the descending 
 sun shone brio-ht and warm through the win- 
 dows, which were level with the ground, and 
 from which there was a view of a spacious 
 park, highly ornamented with old timber. He 
 
 VOL. I. B
 
 2 THE MISSION. 
 
 held a newspaper in one hand, and had the 
 other behind his back, as if for support, for he 
 was bent forward, and looked very feeble and 
 emaciated. 
 
 After pacing for some time, he sat down in 
 an easy chair and remained in deep thought, 
 holding the newspaper in both his hands. 
 
 This old gentleman's name was Sir Charles 
 Wilmot. He had in early life gone out to 
 India as a writer, and after remaining there 
 for a few years, during which he had amassed 
 a handsome fortune, was advised to leave the 
 country for a time on account of his health. 
 He returned to England on furlough, and had 
 not been there more than six months when the 
 death, without issue, of his eldest brother, Sir 
 Henry Wilmot, put him in possession of the 
 entailed estates and of the baronetcy. 
 
 This decided him not to return to India for 
 his wife and three daughters, whom he had 
 left out there, but to write, desiring them to
 
 THE MISSION. 3 
 
 return home by the first ship. The reply which 
 he received was most painful : his wife and two 
 of his daughters had been carried off by the 
 cholera, which had been very fatal during the 
 previous rainy season. His remaining daughter 
 was about to sail, in obedience to his wishes, in 
 the Grosvenor East-Indiaman, under the care 
 of Colonel and JNIrs. James, who were near 
 connections. 
 
 This was a heavy blow with which it pleased 
 God to visit him in his prosperity, and was 
 almost a total wreck of all his hopes and anti- 
 cipations. But he was a good man and a 
 rehgious one, and he bowed in humility to the 
 dispensation, submitting with resignation to his 
 loss, and still thankful to Heaven that it had 
 graciously spared one of the objects of his 
 affections to console him, and to watch his 
 declining years. 
 
 Sir Charles Wilmot took possession of the 
 family mansion and estate in Berkshire, in 
 B 2
 
 4 THE MISSION. 
 
 which he was still residing at the time that our 
 history commences. By degrees he became 
 more resigned, and waited with anxiety for the 
 return of his only daughter, who now seemed 
 more dear to him than ever. He employed 
 himself in making preparations for her recep- 
 tion, fitting up her apartments in the Oriental 
 style which she had been accustomed to, and 
 devising every little improvement and invention 
 which he thought w^ould give pleasure to a 
 child of ten years old. 
 
 But it pleased Heaven that Sir Charles should 
 be more severely chastised : theGrosvenor's time 
 of arrival had elapsed, and still she was not re- 
 ported in the Channel ; week after week of 
 anxiety and suspense passed slowly away, and 
 the East-India ship did not make her appear- 
 ance. It was supposed that she had been cap- 
 tured by the enemy, but still no tidings of her 
 capture were received. At length, however, this 
 state of anxiety and doubt was put an end to by
 
 THE MISSION. 6 
 
 the dreadful intelligence that the ship had been 
 wrecked on the east coast of Africa, and that 
 nearly the whole of the crew and passengers 
 had perished. Two men belonging to her had 
 been brought home by a Danish East-India- 
 man, and shortly after the first intelligence, 
 these men arrived in London, and gave a more 
 particular detail of what had occurred. 
 
 Sir Charles, in a state of feverish anxiety, 
 as soon as he heard of their arrival, hastened 
 up to town to question these men, and the result 
 of his interrogatories fully convinced him that 
 he was now quite bereaved and childless. This 
 was the last blow and the most severe ; it was 
 long before he could resign himself to the 
 unsearchable dispensations of Providence ; but 
 time and religion had at last overcome all his 
 repining feelings, — all disposition to question 
 the goodness or wisdom of his Heavenly Father, 
 and he was enabled to say, with sincerity, " Not 
 my will, — but thine, be done."
 
 6 THE MISSION, 
 
 But although Sir Charles was thus left child- 
 less, as years passed away, he at last found 
 that he had those near to him for whom he 
 felt an interest, and one in particular who 
 promised to deserve all his regard. This was 
 his grand-nephew, Alexander Wilmot, who 
 was the legal heir to the title and entailed 
 property, — the son of a deceased nephew, who 
 had fallen during the Peninsular war. 
 
 On this boy Sir Charles had lavished those 
 affections which it pleased Heaven that he 
 should not bestow upon his own issue, and 
 Alexander Wilmot had gradually become as 
 dear to him as if he had been his own child. 
 Still the loss of his wife and children was ever 
 in his memory, and as time passed on, painful 
 feelings of hope and doubt were occasionally 
 raised in Sir Charles's mind, from the occasional 
 assertions of travellers, that all those did not 
 perish who were supposed so to do, when the 
 Grosvenor was wrecked, and that, from the
 
 THE MISSIOX. 7 
 
 reports of the natives, some of them and of 
 their descendants were still aHve. It was a 
 paragraph in the newspaper, containing a re- 
 newal of these assertions, which had attracted 
 the attention of Sir Charles, and which had put 
 him in the state of agitation and uneasiness 
 in which we have described him at the opening 
 of this chapter. 
 
 We left him in deep and painful thought, 
 with the newspaper in his hands. His reveries 
 were interrupted by the entrance of Alexander 
 Wilmot, who resided with him, being now 
 twenty-two years of age, and having just 
 finished his college education. Alexander 
 Wilmot was a tall, handsome young man, 
 very powerful in frame, and very partial to 
 all athletic exercises; he was the best rower 
 and the best cricketer at Oxford, very fond of 
 horses and hunting, and an excellent shot ; in 
 character and disposition he was generous and 
 amiable, frank in his manner, and obliging to
 
 8 THE MISSION. 
 
 his inferiors. Every one liked Alexander 
 Wilmot, and he certainly deserved to be liked, 
 for he never injured or spoke ill of anybody. 
 Perhaps his most prominent fault was obsti- 
 nacy, but this was more shewn in an obstinate 
 courage and perseverance to conquer what ap- 
 peared almost impossible, and at the greatest 
 risk to himself; he was of that disposition that 
 he would hardly get out of the way of a mad 
 bull if it crossed his path, but risk his life pro- 
 bably, and to no purpose ; but there is no per- 
 fection in this world, and it was still less to be 
 expected in a young man of only twenty-two 
 years of age. 
 
 " Well, uncle, I've conquered him," said 
 Alexander, as he came into the room, very 
 much heated with exercise. 
 
 " Conquered whom, my boy ? " replied Sir 
 Charles. 
 
 " The colt; I've backed him, and he is now 
 as gentle as a lamb ; but he fought hard for 
 two hours at least."
 
 THE iMISSION. 9 
 
 " Why should you run sucli risk, Alexander, 
 when the horsebreaker would have broke him 
 just as well ?" 
 
 " But not so soon, uncle." 
 
 " I did not know that you were in such 
 want of a horse as to require such hurry ; I 
 thought you had plenty in the stable." 
 
 " So I have, uncle, thanks to you, more 
 than I can use ; but I like the pleasure, the 
 excitement." 
 
 " There you state the truth, my dear Alex- 
 ander ; when you have lived as long as I 
 have, you will find more pleasure in quiet and 
 repose," replied Sir Charles, with a heavy 
 sigh. 
 
 " Something has disturbed you, my dear 
 uncle," said Alexander, going up to Sir 
 Charles and taking his hand ; " what is it, 
 Sir ? " 
 
 " You are right, Alexander ; something has 
 unsettled me, has called up painful feelings and
 
 10 THE MISSION. 
 
 reminiscences ; it is that paragraph in the 
 newspaper." 
 
 Alexander was now as subdued almost as his 
 uncle ; he took a chair and quietly read the 
 paragraph. 
 
 " Do you think that there is any foundation 
 for this, my dear Sir?" said he, after he had 
 read it. 
 
 " It is impossible to say, my dear boy ; it may 
 be so, it has often been asserted before. The 
 French traveller Le Vaillant states that he 
 received the same information, but was 
 prevented from ascertaining the truth ; other 
 travellers have subsequently given similar 
 accounts. You may easily credit the painful 
 anxiety which is raised in my mind, when 
 I read such a statement as this. I think I see 
 my poor Elizabeth, the wife or slave to some 
 wild savage ; her children, merciful Heaven ! 
 my grandchildren, growing up as the brutes of 
 the field in ignorance and idolatry. It is
 
 THE MISSION. 11 
 
 torture, my dear Alexander — absolute torture, 
 and requires long prayer and meditation to 
 restore my mind to its usual tone, and to 
 enable me to bow to the dispensations of the 
 Divine will." 
 
 " Although I have long been acquainted 
 with the general statement, my dear uncle, 
 respecting the loss of the ship, I have never 
 yet heard any such details as would warrant 
 this apprehension of yours. It is generally sup- 
 posed that all perished, perished indeed most 
 miserably, except the few men who made their 
 way to the Cape, and returned to England." 
 
 " Such was the supposition, my dear boy, 
 but subsequent reports have to a certain degree 
 contradicted it, and there is reason to believe 
 that all did not perish who were accounted as 
 dead. If you have nothing particularly to 
 engage you at this moment, I will enter into a 
 detail of what did occur, and of the proofs 
 that the fate of a large portion, among which
 
 12 THE MISSION. 
 
 that of your aunt Elizabeth, was never ascer- 
 tained." 
 
 " If it will not be too painful to you, my 
 dear uncle, I will most gladly hear it." 
 
 " I will not dwell longer upon it than is 
 necessary, Alexander ; believe me the subject 
 is too distressing, but I wish you to know it 
 also, and then to give me your opinion. You 
 are of course aware that it was on the coast 
 of CafFraria, to the southward of Port Natal, 
 that the Grosvenor was wrecked. She soon 
 divided and went to pieces, but by a sudden — 
 I know not that I can say ^fortunate — change 
 of wind, yet such was the will of Heaven, — the 
 whole of the crew and passengers (with the 
 exception of sixteen who had previously at- 
 tempted to gain the shore by a hawser, and 
 one man who was left on board in a state of 
 intoxication) were all safely landed, even to the 
 little children who were coming home in the 
 vessel ; among whom was my poor Elizabeth."
 
 THE MISSION. 13 
 
 Alexander made no observation when Sir 
 Charles paused for a while : the latter then 
 continued : — 
 
 " By the time that they had all gained 
 the shore, the day was far spent; the natives, 
 who were of the Caffre race, and who had been 
 busy in obtaining all the iron that they could 
 from the main-mast, which had drifted on 
 shore, left the beach at dark. The wretched 
 sufferers lighted fires, and having collected some 
 casks of beef and flour, and some live stock, 
 they remained on the rocks during that night. 
 The next morning the captain proposed that 
 they should make their way to Cape Town, 
 the Dutch settlement, to which they all unani- 
 mously consented ; certainly a most wild pro- 
 position, and shewing very little judgment." 
 
 " Could they have done otherwise, my dear 
 uncle ?" 
 
 " Most certainly, they knew that they were 
 in a country of lawless savages, who had
 
 14 THE MISSION. 
 
 already come down and taken by force every 
 thing that they could lay their hands upon. 
 The captain calculated that they would reach 
 Cape Town in sixteen or seventeen days. How 
 far his calculation was correct, is proved by 
 the fact that those who did reach it at last, 
 were one hundred and seventeen days on their 
 journey. But even admitting that the distance 
 could have been performed in the time stated 
 by the captain, the very idea of attempting to 
 force their way through a country inhabited 
 by savage people, with such a number of 
 helpless women and children, and without 
 any arms for their defence, was indeed an 
 act of folly and madness, as it eventually 
 proved," 
 
 " What then should have been their plan ? " 
 
 " Observe, Alexander, the ship was wrecked 
 
 not a cable's length from the shore, firmly 
 
 fixed upon a reef of rocks upon which she 
 
 had been thrown ; the water was smooth, and
 
 THE MISSION. 15 
 
 there was no difficulty in their communica- 
 tion. The savages, content with plundering 
 whatever was washed on shore, had to the 
 time of their quitting the rocks left them 
 uninjured. They might have gone on board 
 again, liave procured arms to defend themselves 
 and the means of fortifying their position against 
 any attempt of the savages, who had no other 
 weapons but assaygays or spears, and then 
 might have obtained the provisions and other 
 articles necessary for their support. Armed 
 as they might have been, and numerous as 
 they were, for there were one hundred and 
 fifty souls on board at the time of the wreck, 
 they might have protected themselves until 
 they had built boats or small vessels out of 
 the timber of the wreck ; for all their car- 
 penters and blacksmiths were safely landed on 
 shore with them. By taking this course they 
 might have coasted along shore, and have 
 arrived without difficulty at the Cape."
 
 16 THE MISSION. 
 
 " Most certainly, Sir, it would have been 
 the most judicious plan." 
 
 *' The captain must have been very deficient 
 in judgment to have acted as he did. He had 
 every thing to his hand — the means — the men 
 to build the boats — provisions, arms, sails, and 
 cordage, and yet he threw all these chances 
 away, and attempted to do what was im- 
 possible." 
 
 " He was not one of those who were saved, 
 I believe. Sir." 
 
 " No, he is one of those who have not been 
 heard of; but to proceed : — The first day of 
 their march from the site of the wreck ought 
 to have been a warning to them to turn back. 
 The savages robbed them of every thing and 
 threw stones at them. A Dutchman of the 
 name of Trout, who had fled to the CafTre 
 country for some murder he had committed in 
 the colony, fell in with them and told them the 
 attempt was impracticable, from the number of
 
 THE MISSION. 17 
 
 savage nations, the width of the rivers, the 
 desert countries without water, and the num- 
 ber of wild beasts which they would encounter ; 
 but still they were not persuaded, and went 
 on to their destruction. They were not five 
 miles from the wreck at that time, and might 
 have returned to it before night." 
 
 " May it not fairly be supposed that after 
 such a dreadful shipwreck any thing was 
 considered preferable by the major portion of 
 them, especially the passengers, to re-em- 
 barking?" 
 
 " It may be so; but still it was a feeling 
 that was to be surmounted, and would have 
 been, had they been counselled by a judicious 
 leader, for he might fairly have pointed out to 
 them, — without re-embarkation, how are you 
 to arrive in England?" 
 
 *' Very true, uncle. Pray continue." 
 
 " From the accounts given by the seamen 
 who returned, before they had travelled a week, 
 
 VOL. I. c
 
 18 THE MISSION. 
 
 they were attacked by a large party of natives, 
 to whose blows and ill-treatment as they 
 passed along, they had hitherto submitted, 
 but as in this instance the natives appeared 
 determined to massacre them, they resisted as 
 well as they could, and, being nearly one 
 hundred men in force, succeeded in driving 
 them off; not without receiving many severe 
 wounds. After a few days' more travelling, 
 their provisions were all expended, and the 
 seamen began to murmur, and resolve to take 
 care of themselves, and not be encumbered 
 with women and children. The consequence 
 was that forty-three of the number separated 
 from the rest, leaving the captain, and all the 
 male and female passengers and children (my 
 dear Elizabeth among them), to get on as 
 they could." 
 
 " How cruel ! " 
 
 " Yes ! but self-preservation is the first law 
 of Nature, and I fear it is in vain to expect.
 
 THE MISSION. 19 
 
 that persons not under the influence of reli- 
 gious principles, will risk their lives, or submit 
 to much self-denial, for the sake of alleviating 
 the miseries of others. The reason given for 
 this separation was, that it was impossible to 
 procure food for so large a number, and that 
 they would be more likely to obtain sustenance 
 when divided. The party who thus proceeded 
 in advance encountered the most terrible 
 difficulties ; they coasted along the sea-shore 
 because they had no other food than the shell- 
 fish found on the rocks ; they had continually 
 to cross rivers from a mile to two miles wide ; 
 they were kept from their slumber by the wild 
 beasts which prowled around them, and at 
 length they endured so much from want of 
 water, that their sufferings were extreme. They 
 again subdivided and separated, wandering 
 they hardly knew where, exposed to a burning 
 sun, without clothing and without food. One 
 by one they sat down and were left behind to 
 c 2
 
 20 THE MISSION. 
 
 die, or to be devoured by the wild beasts before 
 they were dead. At last they were reduced 
 to such extremity, that they proposed to cast 
 lots for one to be killed to support the others ; 
 they turned back on their route, that they might 
 find the dead bodies of their companions for 
 food. Finally, out of the whole crew, three 
 or four, purblind and staggering from exhaus- 
 tion, craving for death, arrived at the borders 
 of the colony, where they were kindly received 
 and gradually recovered." 
 
 " You now speak of the first party who 
 separated from the captain and the passen- 
 gers, do you not, uncle?" 
 
 " Yes." 
 
 " And what became of the captain's 
 party?" 
 
 " No tidings were heard of them ; their fate 
 was unknown ; it was long supposed that they 
 had all perished ; for if the sufferings of the 
 seamen, inured to toil and danger, had been
 
 THE MISSION. 21 
 
 SO great, what chance was there for helpless 
 women and children ? But after some years, 
 there was a report that they had been saved, 
 and were living with the savages. Le Vaillant 
 first mentioned it, and then it died away, and 
 was not credited ; but since that, the reports of 
 various travellers appear to give confirmation 
 to what Le Vaillant asserted. The paragraph 
 you have now read in the newspaper has again 
 renewed the assertion, and the parties from 
 whom it proceeds are by all accounts worthy 
 of credence. You may imagine, my dear boy, 
 what a pang it gives me when I read these 
 reports, — when I reflect that my poor girl, who 
 was with that party, may at this moment be 
 alive, may have returned to a state of barba- 
 rism, — the seeds of faith long dead in her 
 tosom, — now changed to a wild untutored 
 savage, knowing no God." 
 
 " But, my dear uncle, allowing that my 
 aunt is alive, she was not so young at the time
 
 22 THE MISSION. 
 
 of the wreck as to forget entirely what she had 
 been taught." 
 
 " That is possible ; but then her condition 
 must be still more painful, or rather I should 
 say must have been, for probably she is dead 
 long before this, or if not dead, she must be a 
 woman advanced in life ; indeed, as you may 
 observe in the account given by the traveller 
 in the paragraph you have read, it speaks 
 only of the descendants of those who were 
 lost in the Grosvenor. The idea of my grand- 
 children having returned to a state of barba- 
 rism is painful enough ; I wish it were possible 
 that I could discover the truth ; for it is the 
 uncertainty which so much distresses me. I 
 have but a few years to live, Alexander ; I am 
 a very old man, as you know, and may be 
 summoned to-morrow or to-night, for we knowji 
 not what a day may bring forth. If I were 
 only certain that my child had died, miserable 
 as her death must have been, it would be hap-
 
 THE MISSION. 23 
 
 piness to the idea that she was one of those 
 whose descendants they speak of. If you 
 knew how for the last thirty years this has 
 preyed upon my mind, you would comprehend 
 my anxiety on this account ; but God's will be 
 done. Do not let me detain you longer, 
 Alexander ; I should prefer being alone." 
 
 Alexander, at this intimation, took the prof- 
 fered hand of his grand-uncle in a reverential 
 and feeling manner, and, without saying any 
 more, quitted the room.
 
 24 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 The conversation which he had had with his 
 grand-uncle made a very forcible impression 
 upon Alexander Wilmot; it occasioned him to 
 pass a very sleepless night, and he remained 
 till nearly four o'clock turning it over in his 
 mind. The loss of the Grosvenor Indiaman 
 had occurred long before he was born; he 
 was acquainted with the outline of what had 
 taken place, and had been told, when a child, 
 that a relation of his family had perished; 
 but although the narrative had, at the time, 
 made some impression upon his young mind, 
 he had seldom, if ever, heard it spoken of
 
 THE MISSION. 26 
 
 since, and may have been said to have almost 
 forgotten it. He was therefore not a little 
 surprised when he found how great an influ- 
 ence it had upon his grand-uncle, who had 
 never mentioned it to him before ; indeed 
 it had escaped Alexander's memory that it 
 was his grand-uncle's only surviving daughter 
 who had been lost in the vessel. 
 
 Alexander Wilmot was warmly attached to 
 the old gentleman ; indeed, he would have 
 been very ungrateful if he had not been, for it 
 was impossible that any one could have been 
 treated with more kindness and liberality than 
 he was by Sir Charles. It was but the week 
 before, that he had expressed a wish to travel 
 on the Continent, and Sir Charles had imme- 
 diately given his consent that he should remain 
 abroad, if he pleased, for two years. When 
 he approved, however, of Alexander's plans, he 
 had made a remark as to his own age and 
 infirmity, and the probable chance that they
 
 26 THE MISSION. 
 
 might not meet again in this world ; and this 
 remark of his grand-uncle left such an impres- 
 sion upon Alexander, that he almost repented 
 having made the request, and had been ever 
 since in a state of indecision as to whether he 
 should avail himself of his grand-uncle's kind- 
 ness and disregard of self, shewn towards him 
 in thus having granted his permission. 
 
 The conversation with Sir Charles had 
 brought up a new idea in his mind ; he had 
 witnessed the anxiety and longing which his 
 good old relation had shewn about the fate of 
 his daughter ; he had heard from his own lips 
 how long the ignorance of her fate had preyed 
 upon his mind, and that to be satisfied on this 
 point was the one thing wanting to enable the 
 old man to die happy, — to permit him to say 
 with sincerity, " Lord, now lettest thou thy 
 servant depart in peace." Why, then, should 
 he not go to discover the truth ? It would not, 
 perhaps, occupy him so long as the two years
 
 THE MISSION. 27 
 
 of travelling on the Continent, which had been 
 consented to by his grand-uncle, and instead 
 of travelling for his own pleasure, he might be 
 the means of satisfying the mind and quieting 
 the anxiety of one who had been so kind to him. 
 Indeed, he should actually prefer a journey into 
 the interior of Africa to a mere sojourn of 
 some time on the Continent; the very peril and 
 danger, the anticipation of distress and hard- 
 ship, were pleasing to his high and courageous 
 mind, and before he fell asleep, Alexander had 
 made up his mind that he would propose the 
 expedition, and if he could obtain his uncle's 
 permission, would proceed upon it forthwith. 
 Having come to this resolution, he fell fast 
 asleep and dreamed away, till eight o'clock in 
 the morning, that he was hunting elephants, 
 and having hand-to-hand conflicts with every 
 variety of beast, with which he had peopled 
 Africa in his fancy. When he was called up 
 in the morning, he found his determination of
 
 28 THE MISSION. 
 
 the night before rather strengthened than 
 otherwise, and accordingly, after breakfast was 
 over, he opened the subject. 
 
 " My dear Sir," said he to Sir Charles, " you 
 were kind enough to give me your permission 
 to travel on the Continent for two years." 
 
 " I did do so, Alexander ; it is natural at 
 your age that you should wish to see the world, 
 and you have my full permission. When do 
 you think of starting ? " 
 
 *' That depends upon circumstances. Sir, 
 and I must be altogether guided by you; to 
 tell you the truth, I do not think that one sees 
 much of the world by following in the beaten 
 track made by so many of our countrymen." 
 
 " There I agree with you ; in the present 
 high state of civilization there will be found 
 little or no difference in the manners and 
 customs of people ; in the Courts, none ; very 
 little in the best society, in which you will of 
 course mix ; and not so very much as people
 
 THE MISSION. 29 
 
 may imagine among the mass of population ; 
 but the scenery of the countries and the 
 remains of ancient times are still interesting, 
 and will afford pleasure ; it must be your own 
 reflections and comments upon what you see 
 which must make it profitable; most people, 
 however, travel from the love of change, added 
 to the love of excitement." 
 
 " I grant it. Sir, and I do not mean to say 
 but that I should receive much pleasure from 
 a Continental tour ; perhaps, I may add, that 
 I should derive more profit if I were to delay 
 it till I am a little older and a little wiser; do 
 you not think so ? " 
 
 " I certainly do, Alexander. What then ? 
 do you propose remaining in England for the 
 present ? — if so, I am sure it is on my account, 
 and I am very grateful to you for your sacri- 
 fice." 
 
 " If you wish it. Sir, I will undoubtedly re- 
 main in England ; at all events, if I do not go
 
 30 THE MISSION. 
 
 elsewhere, I have abandoned my Continental 
 tour for the present; but I have another pro- 
 posal to make, wliich I hope will meet with 
 your approbation." 
 
 " Why, my dear Alexander, on what expe- 
 dition would you now proceed? Do you wish to 
 visit the United States, or South America?" 
 
 " No, Sir ; I wish to make a voyage of still 
 more interest — I wish to go to Africa, that is, 
 to embark for the Cape of Good Hope, and from 
 thence proceed to the northward, to ascertain, 
 if possible, what now is a source of sad dis- 
 quiet to you, the actual fate of those who 
 were wrecked in the Grosvenor, and have not 
 since been heard of with any degree of cer- 
 tainty." 
 
 Sir Charles was for a time silent. He 
 pressed his hands to his forehead; at last he 
 removed them, and said, — " I cannot, much as 
 I wish it, no — I cannot consent, my dear boy ; 
 the danger will be too great. You must not
 
 THE MISSION. 31 
 
 risk your life. It is very kind of you — very 
 kind ; but no, it must not be." 
 
 " Indeed, Sir, I think, on reflection, you will 
 alter your mind. As for danger — what danger 
 can there be when missionaries are permitted 
 to form their stations, and reside uninjured 
 among the very savages who were so hostile 
 when the Grosvenor was lost? The country, 
 which was then a desert, is now inhabited by 
 Europeans, within 200 miles of the very spot 
 where the Grosvenor was wrecked. The con- 
 tinual emigration since the Cape has fallen 
 under British government, and the zeal of 
 those who have braved all dangers to make 
 known the Word of God to tlie heathen and 
 idolater, have in forty years made such an 
 alteration, that I see no more danger in the 
 mission which I propose, than I do in a visit 
 to Naples ; and as for time, I have every reason 
 to expect that I shall be back sooner than in 
 the two years which you have proposed for my 
 stay on the Continent."
 
 32 THE MISSION. 
 
 " But if some accident were to happen to 
 you, I should never forgive myself for having 
 given my consent, and the few days that are 
 left to me would be rendered miserable." 
 
 " My dear Sir, we are in the hands of God ; 
 and (short-sighted as we are) in running away 
 from danger, as often run into it. What we call 
 an accident, the fall of a brick or a stone, the 
 upsetting of a vehicle, any thing however tri- 
 vial, or seemingly improbable, may summon us 
 away when we least expect it ; ^ In the midst 
 of life we are in death,' and that death I may 
 meet by staying in this country, which I might 
 have avoided by going on this expedition. Diffi- 
 culties may arise, and some danger there may 
 be, I admit; but when prepared to encounter 
 both, we are more safe than when, in fancied 
 security, we are taken unawares. Do not, I 
 entreat you, Sir, refuse me this favour; I have 
 considered well, and shall be most unhappy if 
 I am not permitted to obtain the information
 
 THK MISSION. 33 
 
 for you wliich you have so much at heart. Let 
 my travels be of some advantage to you as well 
 as to myself. Do not refuse, I entreat you." 
 
 " You are a good boy, Alexander, and your 
 kindness makes me still more unwilling to part 
 with you. I hardly know what to say. Let 
 us drop the subject for the present; we will 
 talk of it to-morrow or next day. I must have 
 time for reflection." 
 
 Alexander Wilniot did not fail to renew his 
 entreaties on the following day, but could not 
 gain Sir Charles''s consent. He was not, how- 
 ever, discouraged. He had taken from the 
 library all the works he could find relative to 
 Southern Africa, and continually enforcing his 
 arguments by quotations from various authors, 
 all tending to prove that he might travel through 
 the country without much risk, if he took 
 proper precautions, his grand-uncle's objec- 
 tions grew daily more feeble, and at last Sir 
 Charles gave his unwilling consent. In the 
 
 VOL. I. D
 
 34 THE MISSION. 
 
 meantime, the books which Alexander had read 
 had produced a great effect upon him. When 
 he first proposed the mission, it was more from 
 a feeHng of gratitude towards his old relative 
 than any other, but now he was most anxious to 
 go on his own account. The narratives of com- 
 bats with wild beasts, the quantity and variety 
 of game to be found, and the continual excite- 
 ment which would be kept up, inflamed his 
 imagination and his love of field sports, and 
 he earnestly requested to be permitted to de- 
 part immediately, pointing out to Sir Charles 
 that the sooner he went away, the sooner he 
 would be back again. This last argument was 
 not without its weight, and Alexander was 
 allowed to make every preparation for his 
 journey. Inquiries were made, and a passage 
 secured on board of a free-trader, which was 
 to touch at the Cape, and in six weeks from the 
 time that the subject had been brought up, Alex- 
 ander Wilmot took leave of his grand-uncle.
 
 THE MISSION. 35 
 
 " May God bless you, Sir, and keep you 
 well till my return," said Alexander, pressing 
 his hand. 
 
 " May the Lord protect you, my dear boy, 
 and allow you to return and close my eyes," 
 replied Sir Charles, with much emotion. 
 
 Before night Alexander Wilmot was in Lon- 
 don, from thence he hastened down to Ports- 
 mouth, to embark. The next day, the Surprise 
 weighed anchor, and ran through the Needles, 
 and before the night closed in was well down 
 the Channel, standing before the wind, with 
 studding sails below and aloft. 
 
 D 2
 
 36 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 A MELANCHOLY feeling clouded the features 
 of Alexander Wilmot as, on the following 
 morning, the vessel, under a heavy press of 
 sail, was fast leaving the shores of his native 
 country. He remained on the poop of the 
 vessel with his eyes fixed upon the land which 
 every moment became more indistinct. His 
 thoughts may be easily imagined. Shall I 
 ever see that land again ? Shall I ever return, 
 or shall my bones remain in Africa, perhaps not 
 even buried, but bleaching in the desert ? And 
 if I do return, shall I find my old relation still
 
 THE MISSION. 37 
 
 alive, or called away, loaded as he is with years, 
 to the silent tomb ? We are in the hands of a 
 gracious God. His will be done. 
 
 Alexander turned away, as the land had at last 
 become no longer visible, and found a young 
 man of about his own age standing close to 
 him, and apparently as much lost in reverie as 
 he had been. As in turning round Alexander 
 brushed against him, he thought it right to 
 apologize for the unintentional act, and this 
 occasioned a conversation. 
 
 *' I believe. Sir," said the other party, who 
 was a tall, spare, slight-built man, with a dark 
 complexion, " that we were both indulging 
 in similar thoughts as we took leave of 
 our native shores. Every Englishman does 
 the same, and indeed every true lover of 
 his country, let the country be what it will. 
 We find the feeling as strong in the savage as 
 in the enlightened; it is universal. Indeed, 
 we may fairly say that it extends lower —
 
 38 THE MISSION. 
 
 down to the brute species, from their love of 
 localities." 
 
 " Very true, Sir," replied Alexander, " but 
 with brutes, as you say, it is merely the love 
 of locality ; with men, I trust, the feeling is 
 more generous and noble." 
 
 "So it ought to be, or else why are we so much 
 more nobly endowed ? This is not your first 
 voyage, I presume ? " continued the stranger. 
 
 " Indeed, it is," said Alexander; " I never 
 was out of England, or on board of a vessel, 
 before yesterday." 
 
 " I should have imagined otherwise," re- 
 marked his companion : " the other passengers 
 are all suffering from sea-sickness, vrhile you 
 and I only are on the deck. I presumed, there- 
 fore, that you had been afloat before." 
 
 " I did feel very giddy yesterday evening," 
 observed Alexander, " but this morning I have 
 no unpleasant sensation whatever. I believe 
 that some people do not suffer at sea."
 
 THE MISSION. 39 
 
 " A very few ; but it appears that you are 
 one of those most fortunate, for, by expe- 
 rience, I know how painful and distressing the 
 sickness is for some time. Breakfast will 
 soon be ready ; do you think that you can eat 
 any ?" 
 
 " Yes, a little — not much ; a cup of tea or 
 coffee," replied Alexander ; " but I cannot say 
 that I have my usual appetite. What bird is 
 that which skims along the water?" 
 
 " It is the Procellarius, as we naturalists 
 call it, but in English, the Stormy Petrel; 
 its presence denotes rough weather coming 
 on. 
 
 " Then I wish it had not made its appear- 
 ance," said Alexander, laughing, "for with 
 rough weather, there will of course be more 
 motion in the vessel, and I feel the motion too 
 much already." 
 
 " I think if you eat your breakfast (although 
 without appetite), and keep on deck, you may
 
 40 THE MISSION. 
 
 get over any further indisposition," replied the 
 stranger. 
 
 " Have we many passengers on board ? " 
 " No ; nine or ten, which is considered a 
 small number, at least by the captain, who 
 was complaining of his ill-luck. They are 
 mostly females and children. There is a Cape 
 gentleman who has long resided in the colony, 
 and is now returning there. I have had some 
 conversation with him, and he appears a very 
 intelligent person. But here is the steward 
 coming aft, to let us know that breakfast is 
 ready." 
 
 The person who had thus conversed with 
 Alexander Wilmot was a Mr. Swinton, who, 
 as he had accidentally observed, was a na- 
 turalist ; he was a person of some independent 
 property, whose ardour for science had induced 
 him to engage in no profession, being perfectly 
 satisfied with his income, which was sufficient 
 for his wants, and to enable him to follow up
 
 THE MISSION. 41 
 
 his favourite study. He was now on his passage 
 to the Cape of Good Hope, with no other 
 object than to examine the natural productions 
 of that country, and to prosecute his researches 
 in science there, to a greater extent than had 
 hitherto been practicable. 
 
 Before they had arrived at Madeira, at which 
 island the ship remained three days to take in 
 wine and fresh provisions, a great intimacy 
 had been established between Alexander and 
 Mr. Swinton, although as yet neither knew the 
 cause of the other's voyage to the Cape ; they 
 were both too delicate to make the inquiry, and 
 waited till the other should of his own accord 
 impart his reasons. 
 
 We have mentioned that there were other 
 passengers, one of whom was a gentleman who 
 resided in Cape Town, and who held a lucra- 
 tive situation under the Government. He was 
 an elderly gentleman, of about sixty years of 
 age, of a very benign and prepossessing
 
 42 THE MISSION. 
 
 appearance ; and it so happened that Alex- 
 ander found out, on looking over his letters of 
 introduction when at anchor at Madeira, that 
 he possessed one to this gentleman. This, of 
 course, he presented at once, although they 
 were already on intimate terms; and this intro- 
 duction made Mr. Fairburn (for such was his 
 name) take an immediate interest in his wel- 
 fare, and also warranted his putting the 
 question as to what were Alexander's views 
 and intentions in visiting the Cape : for Mr. 
 Fairburn knew from the letter that he was heir 
 to Sir Charles Wilmot, and therefore that he 
 was not likely to be going out as a speculator 
 or emigrant. 
 
 It hardly need be said, that Alexander made 
 no hesitation in confiding to one who could so 
 materially assist him in the object of his 
 voyage. 
 
 The other passengers were three young 
 ladies bound to their friends in India, and a
 
 THE MISSION. 43 
 
 lady returning witli her two marriageable 
 daughters to rejoin her husband, who was a 
 colonel in the Bengal army. They were all 
 pleasant people, the young ladies very lively, 
 and on the whole the cabin of the Surprise 
 contained a very agreeable party ; and soon 
 after they left Madeira, they had fine weather, 
 smooth water, and every thing that could make 
 a voyage endurable. 
 
 The awnings were spread, chairs brought 
 up, and the major portion of the day was spent 
 upon the quarter-deck and poop of the vessel, 
 which for many days had been running down 
 before the trade-winds, intending to make Rio, 
 and there lay in a supply of fresh provisions 
 for the remainder of her voyage. 
 
 One morning, as Alexander and Mr. Fairburn 
 were sitting together, Alexander observed — 
 
 " You have passed many years at the Cape, 
 Mr. Fairburn, have you not ?" 
 
 " Yes ; I was taken prisoner when returning
 
 44 THE MISSION. 
 
 from India, and remained a year in Cape Town 
 during the time that it was in the hands of the 
 Dutch ; I was about to be sent home as a pri- 
 soner to Holland, and was embarked on board 
 of one of the vessels in Saldanha Bay, when 
 they were attacked by the English. After- 
 wards, when the English captured the Cape, 
 from ray long residence in, and knowledge of, 
 the country, I was offered a situation, which I 
 accepted : the colony was restored to the 
 Dutch, and I came home. On its second 
 capture, I was again appointed, and have been 
 there almost ever since." 
 
 " Then you are well acquainted with the 
 history of the colony." 
 
 " I am, certainly, and if you wish it, shall be 
 happy to give you a short account of it." 
 
 " It will give me the greatest pleasure, for 
 I must acknowledge that I know but little, 
 and that I have gleaned from the travels which 
 I have run through very hastily." 
 
 I
 
 THE MISSION. 46 
 
 " I think it was in the year 1652 that the 
 Dutcli decided upon making a settlement at 
 the Cape. The aborigines, or natives, who 
 inhabited that part of the country about Cape 
 Town, were the Hottentots, a mild, inoffensive 
 people, living wholly upon the produce of their 
 cattle ; they were not agriculturists, but pos- 
 sessed large herds of cattle, sheep, and goats, 
 which ranged the extensive pastures of the 
 country. The history of the founding of one 
 colony is, I fear, the history of most, if not 
 all — commencing in doing all that is possible 
 to obtain the good-will of the people until a 
 firm footing has been obtained in the land, and 
 then treating them with barbarity and in- 
 justice. 
 
 " The Hottentots, won over by kindness and 
 presents, thought it of little consequence that 
 strangers should possess a small portion of 
 their extensive territory, and willingly con- 
 sented that the settlement should be made.
 
 46 THE MISSION. 
 
 They, for the first time in their lives, tasted, 
 what proved the cause of their ruin and subse- 
 quent slavery, tobacco and strong liquors. 
 These two poisons, oifered gratuitously, till 
 the poor Hottentots had acquired a passion 
 for them, then became an object of barter — a 
 pipe of tobacco or a glass of brandy was the 
 price of an ox, and thus daily were the colo- 
 nists becoming enriched, and the Hottentots 
 poor. 
 
 " The colony rapidly increased, until it was 
 so strono;, that the Governor made no cere- 
 mony of seizing upon such land as the Go- 
 vernment wished to retain or to give away ; and 
 the Hottentots soon discovered that not only 
 their cattle, but the means of feeding them 
 were taken from them. Eventually, they were 
 stripped of every thing except their passion 
 for tobacco and spirits, which they could not 
 set rid of. Unwillino- to leave the land of 
 their forefathers, and seeing no other way of
 
 THE MISSION. 47 
 
 procuring the means of intoxication which 
 theyj coveted, they sold themselves and their 
 services to the white colonists, content to take 
 care of those herds which had once been their 
 own, and to lead them out to pasture on the 
 very lands which had once been their birth- 
 right." 
 
 *' Did they then become slaves?" inquired 
 Alexander. 
 
 " No ; although much worse treated, they 
 never were slaves, and I wished to point that 
 out ; but they became a sort of feudal property 
 of the Dutch, compelled to hire themselves out, 
 and to work for them upon nominal wages, 
 which they seldom or ever received, and liable to 
 every species of harsh treatment and cruelty, for 
 which they could obtain no redress. Yet still 
 they were not bought and sold as were the slaves 
 which were subsequently introduced into the 
 colony from the east coast of Africa and 
 Madagascar. The position of the slaves was,
 
 48 THE MISSION. 
 
 in my opinion, infinitely superior, merely from 
 the self-interest of the owner, who would not 
 kill or risk the life of a creature for whom he 
 had paid two or three hundred rix-dollars ; 
 whereas, the Dutch boors, or planters, thought 
 little of the life of a Hottentot. If the cattle 
 were to be watched where lions were plentiful, 
 it was not a slave who had charge of them, but 
 a Hottentot, as he had cost nothing, and the 
 planter could procure another. In short, the 
 life of a Hottentot was considered as of rw 
 value, and there is no denying that they were 
 shot by their masters or employers upon the 
 most trifling offence." 
 
 " How dreadful ! but did the Dutch Govern- 
 ment suffer this?" 
 
 " They could not well help it, and therefore 
 were compelled to wink at it: the criminals 
 were beyond its reach. But now I will proceed 
 to give you some further insight, by describing 
 the Dutch boors or planters, who usurped
 
 THE MISSION. 49 
 
 and stood in the shoes of the poor Hotten- 
 tots. 
 
 " The Dutch Government seized upon all 
 the land belonging to the Hottentots, and 
 gave it aveay in grants to their own countrymen, 
 who now became herdsmen, and possessed of a 
 large quantity of cattle ; they also cultivated 
 the ground to a certain extent round about 
 their habitations. As the colony increased, so 
 did the demand for land, until the whole of 
 the country that was worth having was dis- 
 posed of as far as to the country of the Caffres, 
 a fine warlike race, of whom we will speak 
 hereafter. It must not, however, be sup- 
 posed that the whole of the Hottentot tribes 
 became serfs to the soil. Some few drove 
 away their cattle to the northward, out of 
 reach of the Dutch, to the borders of the 
 CafFre land; others, deprived of their pro- 
 perty, left the plains, and took to the moun- 
 tains, living by the chase and by plunder. 
 
 VOL. I. E
 
 50 THE MISSION. 
 
 This portion were termed boshmen, or bush- 
 men, and have still retained that appella- 
 tion : living- in extreme destitution, sleep- 
 ing in caves, constantly in a state of starv- 
 ation, they soon dwindled down to a very 
 diminutive race, and have continued so ever 
 since. 
 
 " The Dutch boors, or planters, who lived 
 in the interior and far away from Cape 
 Town, had many enemies to contend with : 
 they had the various beasts of the forest, from 
 the lion to the jackal, which devastated their 
 flocks and herds, and also these bushmen, 
 who lived upon plunder. Continually in dan- 
 ger, they were never without their muskets in 
 their hands, and they and their descendants 
 became an athletic, powerful, and bulky race, 
 courageous, and skilled in the use of firearms, 
 but at the same time cruel and avaricious to 
 the highest degree. The absolute power they 
 possessed over the slaves and Hottentots de-
 
 THE MISSION. 61 
 
 moralized them, and made them tyrannical 
 and bloodthirsty. At too great a distance from 
 the seat of Government for its power to reach 
 them, they defied it, and knew no law but 
 their own imperious wills, acknowledging no 
 authority, — guilty of every crime openly, and 
 careless of detection." 
 
 " I certainly have read of great cruelty 
 on the part of these Dutch boors, but I had 
 no idea of the extent to which it was car- 
 ried." 
 
 " The origin was in that greatest of all 
 curses, slavery ; nothing demoralizes so much. 
 These boors had been brought up with the 
 idea that a Hottentot, a bushman, or a Caffre, 
 were but as the mere brutes of the field, and 
 they have treated them as such. They would 
 be startled at the idea of murdering a white 
 man, but they will execute wholesale slaughter 
 among these poor natives, and think they have 
 committed no crime. But the ladies are coming 
 E 2
 
 62 THE MISSION. 
 
 up, and we shall be interrupted, so I will not 
 task your patience any more to-day. I shall 
 therefore conclude what I may term part 
 the first of my little history of the Cape 
 colony." 
 
 I
 
 63 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 Alexander Wilmot was too much pleased 
 with Mr.Swinton not to cultivate his acquaint- 
 ance, and they soon became very intimate. 
 The conversation often turned upon Mr. 
 Swinton's favourite study, that of natural 
 history. 
 
 " I confess myself wholly ignorant of the 
 subject," observed Alexander one day, " though 
 I feel that it must be interesting to those 
 who study it ; indeed, when I have walked 
 through the museums, I have often wished that 
 I had some one near who could explain to me 
 what I wished to know and was puzzled about. 
 But it appears to me that the study of natural
 
 54 THE MISSION. 
 
 history is such an immense undertaking if 
 you comprehend all its branches. Let me see, 
 there is botany, mineralogy, and geology, 
 these are included, are they not ? " 
 
 " Most certainly," replied Mr. Swinton, 
 laughing, " and, perhaps, the three most in- 
 teresting branches. Then you have zoology 
 or the study of animals, ornithology for birds, 
 entomology for insects, conchology for shells, 
 ichthyology for fishes; all very hard names, 
 and enough to frighten a young beginner. But 
 I can assure you a knowledge of these subjects, 
 to an extent sufficient to create interest and 
 afford continual amusement, is very easily ac- 
 quired." 
 
 " * The proper study of mankind is man,' 
 says the poet," — observed Alexander, smiling. 
 
 " Poets deal in fiction, Mr. Wilmot," replied 
 Mr. Swinton ; " to study man, is only to study 
 his inconsistencies and his aberrations from the 
 right path, which the free-will permitted to
 
 THE MISSION. 55 
 
 him induces him to follow; but in the study 
 of Nature, you witness the directing power 
 of the Almighty, who guides with an un- 
 erring hand, and who has so wonderfully 
 apportioned out to all animals the means of 
 their providing for themselves. Not only the 
 external, but the inward structure of animals, 
 shews such variety, and ingenuity to surmount 
 all difficulties, and to afford them all the 
 enjoyment their nature is capable of, that 
 after every examination you rise with increased 
 astonishment and admiration at the condescen- 
 sion and goodness of the Master Hand, thus to 
 calculate and provide for the necessities of the 
 smallest insect; and you are compelled to ex- 
 claim with the Psalmist, ' Oh, God, how mani- 
 fold are thy works; in wisdom hast thou made 
 them all ! ' " 
 
 " You certainly do put the study in a new 
 and most pleasurable light," replied Alexander. 
 
 " The more you search into nature, the
 
 66 THE MISSION. 
 
 more wonderful do you find her secrets, and, 
 by the aid of chemistry, we are continually 
 making new discoveries. Observe, Mr. Wil- 
 mot," said Swinton, picking up a straw which 
 had been blown by the wind on the quarter- 
 deck, " do you consider that there is any 
 analogy between this straw and the flint in 
 the lock of that gun ? " 
 
 " Certainly, I should imagine them as 
 opposite particles of nature as well might be." 
 
 " Such is not the case. This piece of wheat- 
 straw contains more than sixty per cent, of 
 silica or flint in its composition, so that, 
 although a vegetable, it is nearly two-thirds 
 composed of the hardest mineral substance 
 we know of. You would scarcely believe that 
 the fibres of the root of this plant were capa- 
 ble of dissolving, feeding upon, and digesting, 
 such a hard substance ; but so it is." 
 
 " It is very wonderful." 
 
 "It is, but it is not a solitary instance ; the
 
 THE MISSION. 67 
 
 phosphate of lime, which is the chief compo- 
 nent part of the bones of animals, is equally 
 sought by plants, dissolved in the same manner, 
 and taken into their bodies ; barley and oats 
 have about thirty per cent, of it in their com- 
 position, and most woods and plants have 
 more or less." 
 
 " I am less surprised at that than I am with 
 the flint, which appears almost incompre- 
 hensible." 
 
 " Nothing is impossible with God ; there is 
 a rush in Holland which contains much more 
 silex than the wheat-straw, and it is employed 
 by the Dutch to polish wood and brass on 
 that very account. We know but little yet, 
 but we do know that mineral substances are 
 found in the composition of most living ani- 
 mals, if not all; indeed, the colouring-matter of 
 the blood is an oxide and phosphate of iron." 
 
 " I can now understand why you are so 
 enthusiastic in the science, Mr. Swinton, and
 
 58 THE MISSION. 
 
 I regret much that the short time which will 
 be occupied in the remainder of our voyage, 
 will not enable me to profit as I should wish 
 by your conversation, for when we arrive at 
 the Cape, I fear our pursuits will lead us differ- 
 ent ways." 
 
 " I presume they will, for I am about to 
 penetrate as far as possible into the interior of 
 the country," replied Mr. Swinton, " which of 
 course is not your intention." 
 
 " Indeed, but it is," replied Alexander ; " I 
 am about to do the same, although perhaps 
 not in the same direction. May I ask your 
 intended route, if not too inquisitive ? " 
 
 " Not at all ; I can hardly say myself. I 
 shall be guided by the protection I may fall in 
 with ; Africa is a wide field for science, and I 
 can hardly go anywhere without being well 
 rewarded for my journey ; and I will say, that 
 should it meet both our views, I should be very 
 glad if we were to travel in company."
 
 THE MISSION. 69 
 
 Mr. Fairburn, who had come on deck, had 
 been standing close to them at the latter 
 portion of the conversation, and made the 
 observation — 
 
 " I think it would be a very good plan if 
 Mr. Svvinton would venture to go where you are 
 bound, Mr. Wilmot, but you can talk of that 
 another day when you have been longer 
 together. There is nothing that requires more 
 deliberation than the choice of a travellings 
 companion ; any serious imperfection of tem- 
 per may make a journey very miserable. Now, 
 Wilmot, if you are tired of natural history, 
 and wish to change it for the painful history 
 of human nature, I am ready to continue my 
 observations." 
 
 " With great pleasure. Sir." 
 
 " I hope you have no objection to my reaping 
 the benefit also ?" said Mr. Svvinton. 
 
 " Oh, most certainly not," replied Mr. Fair- 
 burn, " although I fear you will not gain
 
 60 THE MISSION. 
 
 much information, as you have been at the 
 Cape before. In a former conversation with 
 Mr. Wihiiot I have pointed out the manner in 
 which the Cape was first settled, and how 
 the settlers had gradually reduced the original 
 possessors of the land to a state of serfdom ; 
 I will now continue. 
 
 " The Dutch boors, as they increased their 
 wealth in cattle, required more pasture, and 
 were now occupying the whole of the land 
 south of the CafFre country : the CafFres are 
 wild, courageous savages, whose wealth con- 
 sists chiefly in cattle, but in some points 
 they may be considered superior to the Hot- 
 tentots. 
 
 " The weapon of the Hottentot may be 
 said to be the bow and arrow, but the CafFre 
 scorns this warfare, or indeed any treachery; 
 his weapons are his assaguay, or spear, and 
 his shield ; he fights openly and bravely. The 
 Caffres also cultivate their land to a certain
 
 THE MISSION. 61 
 
 extent, and are more cleanly and civilized. The 
 boors on the Cafire frontier were often plun- 
 dered by tlie bushmen, and perhaps occasion- 
 ally by some few of the CafFres who were in a 
 lawless state on the frontier ; but if any com- 
 plaint was made to the Caffre chiefs, every 
 redress in their power was given : this, however, 
 did not suit the Dutch boors. 
 
 " They had entered the Caffre country, and 
 had perceived that the Caffres possessed large 
 herds of cattle, and their avarice pointed out to 
 them how much easier it would be to grow rich 
 by taking the cattle of the CafFres than by 
 rearing them themselves. If the bushmen 
 stole a few head of cattle, complaints were 
 immediately forwarded to Cape Town, and 
 permission asked to raise a force, and recover 
 them from the Caffres. 
 
 " The force raised was termed a Commando, 
 and was composed of all the Dutch boors and 
 their servants, well armed and mounted : these
 
 62 THE MISSIONS 
 
 would make an incursion into the CafTre terri- 
 tory, and because a few head of cattle had been 
 stolen by parties unknown, they would pour 
 down upon the CafFres, who had but their assa- 
 guays to oppose to destructive firearms, set 
 the kraals or villages in flames, murder indis- 
 criminately man, woman, and child, and carry 
 off, by way of indemnification for some trifling 
 loss, perhaps some twenty thousand head of 
 cattle belonging to the Caffres. 
 
 " The Caffres, naturally indignant at such 
 outrage and robbery, made attacks upon the 
 boors to recover the cattle, but with this 
 difference between the Christian boor and 
 the untutored savage : the boors murdered 
 women and children wantonly, the Caffres 
 never harmed them, and did not even kill men, 
 if they could obtain possession of their pro- 
 perty without bloodshed." 
 
 " But how could the Dutch Government 
 permit such atrocities ? "
 
 THE MISSION. 63 
 
 " The representations made to the Govern- 
 ment were believed, and the order was given 
 in consequence. It is true that afterwards the 
 Government attempted to put a stop to these 
 horrors, but the boors were beyond their con- 
 trol; and in one instance in which the Home 
 Government had insisted that punishment 
 should be inflicted for some more than com- 
 mon outrage on the part of the boors, the 
 Cape Governor returned for answer, that he 
 could not venture to do as they wished, as the 
 system was so extensive and so common, that 
 all the principal people in the colony were 
 implicated, and would have to be punished. 
 
 " Such was therefore the condition of the 
 colony at the time that it fell into the posses- 
 sion of the English — the Hottentots, serfs to 
 the land, and treated as the beasts of the field ; 
 the slave-trader supplying slaves, and conti- 
 nual war carried on between the boors and the 
 Caffres."
 
 64 THE MISSION. 
 
 " I trust that our Government soon put an 
 end to such barbarous iniquities." 
 
 " That was not so easy ; the frontier boors 
 rose in arms against the English Government, 
 and the Hottentots, who had been so long 
 patient, now fled and joined the CafFres. These 
 people made a combined attack upon the fron- 
 tier boors, burnt their houses to the ground, 
 carried off the cattle, and possessed themselves 
 of their arms and ammunition. The boors 
 rallied in great force; another combat took 
 place, in which the Hottentots and CafFres were 
 victorious, killing the leader of the boors, and 
 pursuing them with great slaughter, till they 
 were stopped by the advance of the English 
 troops. But I cannot dwell long upon this 
 period of the Cape history; these wars con- 
 tinued until the natives, throwing themselves 
 upon the protection of the English, were in- 
 duced to lay down their arms, and the Hotten- 
 tots to return to their former masters. The
 
 THE MISSION. 66 
 
 colony was then given up to the Dutch, and 
 remained with them until the year 1806, when 
 it was finally annexed to the British empire. 
 The Dutch had not learned wisdom from what 
 had occurred ; they treated the Hottentots 
 worse than before, maiming them and even 
 murdering them in their resentment, and ap- 
 peared to defy the British Government; but a 
 change was soon to take place." 
 
 " Not before it was necessary, at all events," 
 said Alexander. 
 
 • " It was by the missionaries chiefly that this 
 change was l^rought about ; they had pene- 
 trated into the interior, and saw with their own 
 eyes the system of cruelty and rapine that was 
 carried on ; they wrote home accounts, which 
 were credited, and which produced a great al- 
 teration. To the astonishment and indignation 
 of the boors, law was introduced where it had 
 always been set at defiance ; they were told 
 that the life of a Hottentot was as important in 
 
 VOL. I. F
 
 66 THE MISSIOIV. 
 
 the eye of God, and in the eye of the law, as 
 that of a Dutch boor, and that the Government 
 would hold it as such. Thus was the first blow 
 struck ; but another and a heavier was soon to 
 fall upon those who had so long sported with 
 the lives of their fellow-creatures. The press 
 was called to the aid of the Hottentot, and a 
 work published by a missionary roused the at- 
 tention of the public at home to their situation. 
 Their cause was pleaded in the House of Com- 
 mons, and the Hottentot was emancipated for 
 ever." 
 
 " Thank God ! " exclaimed Alexander ; " my 
 blood has been boiling at the description 
 which you have been giving. Now when I hear 
 that the poor Hottentot is a free man, it will 
 cool down again." 
 
 " Perhaps it will be as well to leave off just 
 now, Mr. Wilmot," said Mr. Fairburn, " we 
 will renew our conversation to-morrow, if wind 
 and weather permit, as the seamen say."
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 The next day the ship was off Rio, and im- 
 mediately sent her boats for provisions and 
 suppUes ; the passengers did not land, as the 
 captain stated that he would not stay an hour 
 longer than was necessary, and on the second 
 evening after their arrival they again made sail 
 for the Cape. 
 
 The gulls were flying in numbers astern of 
 the ship, darting down and seizing every thing 
 edible which was thrown overboard, and the 
 conversation turned upon aquatic birds. 
 
 " What difference is there in the feathers of 
 aquatic birds and others?" inquired Alexander; 
 F 2
 
 68 THE MISSION. 
 
 " a hen or any land bird, if it falls into the 
 water, is drowned as soon as its feathers are 
 saturated with the water." 
 
 " There is, I believe, no difference in the 
 feathers of the birds," replied Mr. Swinton, 
 " but all aquatic birds are provided with a 
 small reservoir, containing oil, with which 
 they anoint their feathers, which renders them 
 water-proof. If you will watch a duck pluming 
 and dressing itself, you will find it continually 
 turns its bill round to the end of its back, just 
 above the insertion of the tail ; it is to procure 
 this oil, which, as it dresses its feathers that 
 they may carefully overlap each other, it 
 smears upon them so as to render them im- 
 penetrable to the water; but this requires fre- 
 quent renewal, or the duck would be drowned 
 as well as the hen." 
 
 " How long can a sea-bird remain at sea?" 
 " I should think not very long, although it 
 has been supposed otherwise ; but we do not
 
 THE MISSION. 69 
 
 know so much of the habits of these birds as 
 of others." 
 
 " Can they remain long under water?" 
 
 " The greater portion of them cannot; ducks 
 and that class for instance. Divers can remain 
 some time ; but the birds that remain the 
 longest under water are the semi-aquatic, 
 whose feet are only half-webbed. I have 
 •watched the common English water-hen for 
 many minutes walking along at the bottom of 
 a stream, apparently as much in its element as 
 if on shore, pecking and feeding as it walked." 
 
 " You say that aquatic birds cannot remain 
 long at sea, where do they go to ?" 
 
 " They resort to the uninhabited islands 
 over the globe, rocks that always remain 
 above water, and the unfrequented shores of 
 Africa and elsewhere ; there they congregate 
 to breed and bring up their young. I have 
 seen twenty or thirty acres of land completely 
 covered with these birds or their nests, wedged
 
 70 THE MISSION. 
 
 together as close as they could sit. Every 
 year they resort to the same spot, which has 
 probably been their domicile for centuries, — I 
 might say since the creation. They make no 
 nests, but merely scrape so as to form a shal- 
 low hole to deposit their eggs. The conse- 
 quence of their always resorting to the same 
 spot is, that from the voidings of the birds, 
 and the remains of fish brought to feed the 
 young, a deposit is made over the whole sur- 
 face, a fraction of an inch every year, which, by 
 degrees, increases until it is sometimes twenty 
 or thirty feet deep, if not more, and the 
 lower portion becomes almost as hard as rock. 
 The deposit is termed guano, and has, from 
 time immemorial, been used by the Peruvians 
 and Chilians as manure for the land ; it is very 
 powerful, as it contains most of the essential 
 salts, such as ammonia, phosphates, &c., which 
 are required for agriculture. Within these last 
 few years samples have been brought to Eng-
 
 THE MISSION. 71 
 
 land, and as the quantities must be inex- 
 haustible, when they are sought for and found, 
 no doubt it may one day become a valuable 
 article of our carrying trade. Here comes Mr. 
 Fairburn ; I hope he intends to continue his 
 notices of the Cape settlement." 
 
 ** They have interested me much, I must 
 confess ; he appears well acquainted with the 
 colony." 
 
 " He has had the advantage of a long resi- 
 dence, and during that time an insight into 
 all the public documents : this you may be 
 certain of, that he knows more than he will 
 tell." 
 
 As soon as Mr. Fairburn joined them, Alex- 
 ander requested him to continue his narrative, 
 which he did as follows. 
 
 " You must not suppose, Mr. Wilmot, that 
 because the English had now possession of 
 the colony, every thing went right ; governors 
 who are appointed to the control of a colony
 
 72 THE MISSION. 
 
 require to be there some time before they can 
 see with their own eyes ; they must, from their 
 want of information, fall into the hands of 
 some interested party or another, who will 
 sway their councils. Thus it was at the Cape. 
 
 "It is true that much good had already 
 been done by the abolition of slavery, and the 
 emancipation of the Hottentot ; but this was 
 effected, not by the Colonial Government, but 
 by the representations of the missionaries and 
 an influential and benevolent party at home. 
 The prejudices against the Hottentots, and 
 particularly the Caffres, still existed, and were 
 imbibed by the Colonial authorities. Com- 
 mandoes, or, as they should be more properly 
 termed, marauding parties, were still sent out, 
 and the Caffre was continually oppressed, and 
 in defiance of the Government orders, little 
 justice could be obtained for the Hottentot, 
 although his situation was somewhat improved. 
 
 " I will give one instance to shew how the
 
 THE MISSION. 73 
 
 rights of the Hottentots were respected by the 
 Cape authorities in 1810, — previous to the 
 emancipation, it is true, but still at a time when 
 the position of the Hottentots and their suffer- 
 ings had been strenuously pressed upon the Co- 
 lonial authorities by the Government at home. 
 " When the conduct of the Dutch boors 
 had roused the Caffres and Hottentots to war, 
 there were three brothers of the name of 
 Stuurman, Hottentots, who were the leaders. 
 Peace was at length restored, which was 
 chiefly effected by the exertions of these 
 men, who retired peaceably with their own 
 kraal to Algoa Bay, and the Government, 
 being then Dutch, appointed Stuurman as 
 captain of the kraal. This independent horde 
 of Hottentots gave great offence to the Dutch 
 boors, — the more so, as the three brothers 
 had been the leaders of the Hottentots in 
 the former insurrection. For seven years they 
 could find no complaint to make against them.
 
 74 THE MISSION. 
 
 until at last two of his Hottentots, who had en- 
 gaged to serve a boor for a certain time, went 
 back to the kraal at the expiration of the term, 
 against the wish of the boor, who would have 
 detained them - the boor went and demanded 
 them back, but Stuurman refused to give them 
 up ; upon which, although justice was clearly 
 on the side of the Hottentots, an armed force 
 was despatched to the kraal. Stuurman still 
 refused to surrender the men, and the armed 
 force retired, for they knew the courage of the 
 Hottentots, and were afraid to attack them. 
 
 " By treachery they gained possession of 
 Stuurman and one of his brothers (the other 
 having been killed hunting the buffalo), and 
 sent them to Cape Town, from whence, against 
 all justice, they were sent as prisoners to Robin 
 Island, where malefactors are confined. They 
 made their escape, and returned to CafFre- 
 land. Three years afterwards, Stuurman, anx- 
 ious to see his family, returned to the colony
 
 THE MISSION. 75 
 
 without permission. He was discovered and ap- 
 prehended, and sent as a convict to New South 
 Wales ; for the Government was at that time 
 English. 
 
 " Such was the fate of the first Hottentot who 
 stood up for the rights of his countrymen, and 
 such was the conduct of the English Colonial 
 Government; so you will observe, Mr. Wilmot, 
 that although the strides of cruelty and oppres- 
 sion are most rapid, the return to even-handed 
 justice is equally slow. Eventually the gross 
 injustice to this man was acknowledged, for 
 an order from the Home Government was pro- 
 cured for his liberation and return ; but it was 
 too late, — Stuurman had died a convict. 
 
 " I have mentioned this circumstance, as it 
 will prepare you for a similar act of injustice 
 to the Caffres. When the colony was in pos- 
 session of the Dutch, there was a space of 
 about thirty thousand square miles between the 
 colonial boundary (that is, the land formerly
 
 76 THE MISSION. 
 
 possessed by the Hottentots) and the Great 
 Fish River. This extent of thirty thousand 
 square miles belonged to the CafFres, and was 
 the site of continual skirmishing and maraud- 
 ing between the Dutch boors and the Caffres. 
 
 " In 1811, it was resolved by the Colonial 
 Government that the CafFres should be driven 
 from this territory and confined to the other 
 side of the Great Fish River. This was an act 
 of injustice and great hardship, and was pro- 
 ceeded in with extreme cruelty, the CafFres 
 being obliged to leave all their crops and turned 
 out with great and unnecessary slaughter. 
 
 " It may be proper, however, to state the 
 causes which led to this CafFre war with the 
 English. At this time the Colonial Governor 
 had entered into negotiations with a CafFre chief 
 of the name of Gaika. He was a chief of a por- 
 tion of the CafFres, but not the principal chief, 
 and although the English treated with him as 
 such, the CafFres would not acknowledge his
 
 THE MISSION. 77 
 
 authority. This is a very frequent error com- 
 mitted in our intercourse with savage nations, 
 who are as pertinacious of their rights as the 
 monarchs of Europe. The error on our part 
 was soon discovered, but the Government 
 were too proud to acknowledge it. 
 
 " It so happened that the other CafFre chiefs 
 formed a powerful confederacy against Gaika, 
 who, trusting to the support of the English, 
 had treated them with great arrogance. They 
 fought and conquered him, carrying off, as 
 usual, his cattle. As this was a war between 
 the Caffres, and confined to their own land, 
 we certainly had no business to interfere ; but 
 the Colonial Government thought otherwise, 
 and an expedition was prepared. 
 
 " The Caffres sent forward messengers de- 
 claring their wish to remain at peace with the 
 English, but refusing to submit to Gaika, who 
 was only a secondary chief, and whom they 
 had conquered. No regard v/as paid to this
 
 78 THE MISSION. 
 
 remonstrance; the English troops were sent 
 forward, the CafFres attacked in their hamlets, 
 slaughtered or driven into the woods, 23,000 
 head of cattle taken from them, of which 9,000 
 were given to Gaika, and the rest distributed 
 to the Dutch boors, or sold to defray part of 
 the expenses of the expedition. 
 
 " Deprived of their means of subsistence by 
 the capture of their cattle, the CafFres were 
 rendered furious and reckless, and no sooner 
 had the expedition returned, than they com- 
 menced hostilities. They poured into the 
 frontier districts, captured several detached 
 military forts, drove the Dutch boors from the 
 Zurweld or neutral territory, and killed a great 
 many of our soldiers and of the Dutch boors. 
 All the country was overrun as far as the 
 vicinity of Algoa Bay, and nothing could at 
 first check their progress." 
 
 " Why, it really does not appear that the 
 Colonial Government, when in our hands, was
 
 THE MISSION. 79 
 
 more considerate than when it was held by 
 the Dutch," replied Alexander. 
 
 " Not much, I fear," said Mr. Fairburn. 
 
 " The councils of the CafFre chiefs were at 
 that time much influenced by a most remark- 
 able personage of the name of Mokanna. In 
 the colony he was usually known by the 
 sobriquet of * Links,' or the left-handed. He 
 was not a chief, but had by his superior 
 intellect obtained great power. He gave him- 
 self out to be a prophet, and certainly shewed 
 quite as much skill as ever did Mahommed or 
 any other false prophet. He had often visited 
 Cape Town, and had made himself master 
 of all that he could acquire of European 
 knowledge. 
 
 " This man, by his influence, his superior 
 eloquence, and his pretended revelations from 
 heaven, was now looked up to by the whole 
 Cafl're nation, and he promised the chiefs, if 
 they would implicitly obey his orders, he
 
 80 THE MISSION. » 
 
 would lead them to victory, and that he would 
 drive the English intothe ocean. He resolved 
 upon the bold measure of making an attack 
 upon Graham's Town, and marched an army 
 of between nine and ten thousand men to the 
 forest bordering on the Great Fish River. 
 
 "According to the custom of the Caffres, who 
 never use surprise or ambush on great occa- 
 sions, they sent a message to the commandant 
 of Graham's Town, stating that they would 
 breakfast with him the next morning. The 
 commandant, who had supposed the message 
 to be a mere bravado, was very ill prepared 
 when on the following morning he perceived, 
 to his great astonishment, the whole force of 
 the Caffres on the heights above the town. 
 
 " Had the Caffres advanced in the night, 
 there is no doubt but that they would have 
 had possession of the place, and that with the 
 greatest ease. There were about 350 regular 
 troops and a small force of Hottentots in
 
 THE MISSION. 81 
 
 Graham's Town, and fortunately a few field - 
 pieces. The Caffres rushed to the assault, 
 and for some time were not to be checked ; 
 tiiey went up to the very muzzles of the field- 
 pieces, and broke their spears off short, to de- 
 cide the battle by a hand-to-hand conflict. 
 
 " At this critical moment, the field-pieces 
 opened their fire of grape and canister, and 
 the front ranks of the Caffres were mowed 
 down like grass. After several rallyings under 
 Mokanna, the Caffres gave way and fled. 
 About 1,400 of the bravest remained on the 
 field of battle, and as many more perished 
 from their wounds before they could regain 
 their country. Mokanna, after using every 
 exertion, accompanied the Caffre army in 
 their flight." 
 
 " It certainly was a bold attempt on tiie 
 part of the Caffres, and shewed Mokanna to 
 be a great man, even in the failure." 
 
 " It was so unprecedented an attempt, that 
 
 VOL. I. G
 
 82 THE MISSION, 
 
 the Colonial Government were dreadfully 
 alarmed, and turned out their whole force of 
 militia as well as of regular troops. The 
 CafFre country was again overrun, the inhabi- 
 tants destroyed, without distinction of age or 
 sex, their hamlets fired, cattle driven away, 
 and when they fled to the thickets, they were 
 bombarded with shells and congreve rockets. 
 Mokanna and the principal chiefs were de- 
 nounced as outlaws, and the inhabitants 
 threatened with utter extermination if they 
 did not deliver them up dead or alive. 
 Although driven to despair, and perishing 
 from want, not a single CafFre was to be found 
 who would earn the high reward offered for 
 the surrender of the chiefs." 
 
 " The more I hear of them, the more I 
 admire the CafFres," observed Alexander 
 Wilmot, " and I may add — but never mind, 
 pray go on." 
 
 " I think I could supply the words which
 
 THE MISSION. 83 
 
 you have cliecked, Mr. Wilniot, but I will 
 proceed, or dinner will be announced before I 
 have finished this portion of my history. 
 
 " The course adopted by Mokanna under 
 these circumstances was such as will raise him 
 much higher in your estimation. As he found 
 that his countrymen were to be massacred 
 until he and the other chiefs were delivered 
 up, dead or aHve, he resolved to surrender 
 himself as an hostage for his country. He 
 sent a message to say that he would do so, 
 and the next day, with a calm magnanimity 
 that would have done honour to a Roman 
 patriot, he came, unattended, to the English 
 camp. His words were, * People say that I 
 have occasioned this war : let me see if my 
 delivering myself up will restore peace to my 
 country.' The commanding officer to whom 
 he surrendered himself immediatelv forwarded 
 him as a prisoner to the colony." 
 
 " What became of him ?" 
 G 2
 
 84 THE MISSION. 
 
 " Of that hereafter ; but I wish here to give 
 you the substance of a speech made by one of 
 Mokanna's head-men, who came after Mo- 
 kanna's surrender into the EngUsh camp. I 
 am told that the imperfect notes taken of it 
 afford but a very faint idea of its eloquence ; at 
 all events, the speech gives a very correct view 
 of the treatment which the CafFres received 
 from our hands. 
 
 " * This war," said he, ' British chiefs, is an 
 unjust one, for you are striving to extirpate a 
 people whom you have forced to take up arms. 
 When our fathers and the fathers of the boors 
 first settled on the Zurweld, they dwelt toge- 
 ther in peace. Their flocks grazed the same 
 hills, their herdsmen smoked out of the same 
 pipe; they were brothers until tlie herds of the 
 Amakosa (CafFres) increased so much as to 
 make the hearts of the Dutch boors sore. 
 What those covetous men could not get from 
 our fathers for old buttons they took by force.
 
 THE MISSION. 86 
 
 Our fathers were men ; they loved their cattle ; 
 their wives and children lived upon milk ; they 
 fought for their property ; they began to hate 
 the colonists, who coveted their all, and aimed 
 at their destruction. 
 
 " * Now their kraals and our fathers' kraals 
 were separate. The boors made commandoes 
 for our fathers ; our fathers drove them out 
 of the Zurweld, and we dwelt there because we 
 had conquered it ; there we married wives ; 
 there our children were born; the white men 
 hated us, but could not drive us away; when 
 there was war, we plundered you ; when there 
 was peace, some of our bad people stole ; but 
 our chiefs forbade it. 
 
 " * We lived in peace ; some bad people 
 stole, perhaps ; but the nation was quiet ; 
 Gaika stole ; his chiefs stole ; you sent 
 him copper ; you sent him beads ; you sent 
 him horses, on which he rode to steal more ; 
 to us you only sent commandoes. We quarrelled
 
 86 THE MISSION. 
 
 with Gaika about grass ; — no business of yours ; 
 you send a commando ; you take our last cow ; 
 you leave only a few calves, which die for 
 want, and so do our children ; you give 
 half the spoil to Gaika ; half you kept your- 
 selves. 
 
 " ' Without milk ; our corn destroyed ; we 
 saw our wives and children perish ; we fol- 
 lowed, therefore, the tracks of our cattle into 
 the colony ; we plundered, and we fought for 
 our lives ; we found you weak, and we de- 
 stroyed your soldiers ; we saw that we were 
 strong, and we attacked your head-quarters, 
 and if we had succeeded, our right was good, 
 for you began the war ; we failed, and you are 
 here. 
 
 " * We wish for peace ,• we wish to rest in 
 our huts; we wish to get milk for our children ; 
 our wives wish to till the land ; but your 
 troops cover the plains, and swarm in the 
 thickets, where they cannot distinguish the
 
 THE MISSION. 87 
 
 men from tlie women, and shoot all. You 
 wish us to submit to Gaika; that man's face 
 is fair to you, but his heart is false ; leave him 
 to himself; make peace with us ; let him fight 
 for himself, and we shall not call upon you for 
 help ; set Mokanna at liberty, and all our chiefs 
 will make peace with you at any time you fix; 
 but if you still make war, you may indeed kill 
 the last man of us, but Gaika shall not rule 
 over the followers of those who think him a 
 woman.' 
 
 " If eloquence consists — (as it does not in 
 the English House of Commons) in saying much 
 in few words, I know no speech more compre- 
 hensive of the facts and arguments of a case than 
 the above. I am sorry to say it had no effect 
 in altering the destination of Mokanna or of 
 obtaining any relief for his countrymen, who 
 were still called upon to deliver up the other 
 chiefs outlawed by the Government." 
 
 " I before remarked the absurdity of that
 
 88 THE MISSION. 
 
 expression," said Mr. Swinton ; " we outlaw 
 a member of our own society and belonging to 
 our own country ; but to outlaw the chiefs of 
 another country is something too absurd ; I 
 fear the English language is not much studied 
 at the Cape. 
 
 " At all events, every attempt made to ob- 
 tain possession of these outlawed chiefs was 
 unavailing. After plundering the country of 
 all that could be found in it, leaving devastation 
 and misery behind, the expedition returned 
 without obtaining their object, but with the 
 satisfaction of knowing that, by taking away 
 30,000 more cattle, they left thousands of 
 women and children to die of starvation. 
 But I must leave off now. The results of 
 the war, and the fate of Mokanna, shall be 
 the subject of another meeting." 
 
 " We are much obliged to you,Mr. Fairburn, 
 for the interesting narrative you have given us. 
 It is, however, to be hoped that you will have no
 
 THE MISSION. 89 
 
 more such painful errors and injustice to dwell 
 upon." 
 
 "As I before observed, Mr. Wilmot, it 
 requires time for prejudice and falsehood to 
 be overthrown ; and until they are mastered, 
 it cannot be expected that justice can be ad- 
 ministered. The Colonial Government had 
 to contend with the whole white population of 
 the colony, who rose up in arms against them, 
 considering, from long habit, that any inter- 
 ference with their assumed despotism over 
 the natives was an infringement of their 
 rights. 
 
 " You must also recollect how weak was the 
 power of the Colonial Government for a long 
 time, and how impossible it was to exert that 
 power over such an extensive country ; and to 
 give you some idea of this, I will state what 
 was the reply of some of the Dutch boors to 
 the traveller Le Vaillant, when the latter ex- 
 pressed his opinion that Government should
 
 90 THE MISSION. 
 
 interfere with an armed force to put an end to 
 their cruelty and oppression. 
 
 *' ' Are you aware,' said they, ' what would 
 be the result of such an attempt ? — Assembling 
 all in an instant, we would massacre the half 
 of the soldiers, salt their flesh, and send it 
 back by those we might spare, with threats of 
 doing the same thing to those who should 
 be bold enough to appear among us after- 
 wards.' It is not an easy task for any Govern- 
 ment to deal with such a set of people, Mr. 
 Wilmot." 
 
 " I grant it," replied Alexander ; " and the 
 conviction makes me more anxious to know 
 what has been since done."
 
 91 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 The following morning the wind was very 
 liglit, and before noon it fell calm. Two 
 sharks of a large size came under the stern of 
 the vessel, and the sailors were soon very 
 busy trying to hook one of them ; but they 
 refused the bait, which was a piece of salt 
 pork, and after an hour they quitted the 
 vessel and disappeared, much to the disap- 
 pointment both of passengers and ship's com- 
 pany, the former wishing very much to see the 
 sharks caught, and the latter very anxious to 
 cut them up and fry them for their suppers.
 
 92 THE MISSION. 
 
 " I thought that sharks always took the 
 bait," observed Alexander. 
 
 " Not always, as you have now seen," re- 
 plied Mr. Swinton; "all depends upon whether 
 they are hungry, or not. In some harbours 
 where there were plenty of fish, I have seen 
 sharks in hundreds, which not only refused 
 any bait, but would not attempt to seize a 
 man if he was in the water; but I am surprised 
 at these Atlantic sharks refusing the bait, I 
 must confess, for they are generally very 
 ravenous, as are, indeed, all the sharks which 
 are found in the ocean." 
 
 " I can tell you. Sir, why they refused the 
 bait," said the boatswain of the vessel, who 
 was standing by; " it's because we are now 
 in the track of the Brazilian slavers, and 
 they have been well fed lately, depend upon 
 it." 
 
 " I should not be surprised if you were 
 correct in your idea," replied Mr. Swinton.
 
 THE Missiox. 93 
 
 " There are many varieties of sharks, are 
 there not ? " inquired Wilmot. 
 
 " Yes, a great many ; the fiercest, however, 
 and the largest kind is the one which has just 
 left us, and is termed the white shark ; it 
 ranges the whole Atlantic Ocean, but is seldom 
 found fur to the northward, as it prefers the 
 tropics : it is, however, to be seen in the Medi- 
 terranean, in the Gulf of Lyons, and is there 
 remarkably fierce. In the English Channel 
 you find the blue shark, which is seldom 
 dangerous ; there is also a very large-sized but 
 harmless shark found in the north seas which 
 the whalers frequent. Then there is the spot- 
 ted or tiger shark, which is very savage, 
 although it does not o;row to a large size ; 
 the hammer-headed shark, so called from 
 the peculiar formation of its head ; and the 
 ground shark, perhaps the most dangerous 
 of all, as it lies at the bottom and rises 
 under you without giving you notice of his
 
 94 THE MISSION. 
 
 approach. I believe I have now mentioned 
 the principal varieties." 
 
 " If a man was to fall overboard and a 
 shark was nigh, what would be the best plan 
 to act upon ? — that is, if there would be any 
 chance of escape from such a brute." 
 
 " The best plan, and I have seen it acted 
 upon with success, is, if you can swim well, to 
 throw yourself on your back and splash as 
 much as you can with your feet, and halloo as 
 loud as you can. A shark is a cowardly 
 animal, and noise will drive it away. 
 
 " When I went out two or three years ago, 
 I had a Newfoundland dog, which was ac- 
 customed to leap into the water from almost 
 any height. I was very partial to him, and 
 you may imagine my annoyance when, one 
 day, as we were becalmed off the Western 
 Islands, and a large shark came up along- 
 side, the dog, at once perceiving it, plunged 
 off the taffrail to seize it, swimming to-
 
 THE MISSION. 96 
 
 wards the shark, and barking as loud as he 
 could. I fully expected that the monster 
 would have despatciied him in a moment ; 
 but to my surprise the shark was frightened 
 and swam away, followed by the dog, until 
 the boat that was lowered down had picked 
 him up." 
 
 " I don't think that the shark could have 
 been very hungry." 
 
 " Probably not ; at all events I should not 
 have liked to have been in Neptune's place. 
 I think the most curious plan of escaping 
 from sharks is that pursued by the Cingalese 
 divers, and often with success." 
 
 " Tell it me, if you please." 
 
 " The divers who go down for the pearl 
 oysters off Ceylon generally drop from a boat, 
 and descend in ten or twelve fathoms of water 
 before they come to the bed of pearl oysters, 
 which is upon a bank of mud : it often 
 happens that when they are down, the sharks
 
 96 THE MISSION. 
 
 make for them, and 1 hardly need say that 
 these poor fellows are constantly on the watch, 
 looking in eveiy direction while they are filling 
 their baskets. If they perceive a shark making 
 for them, their only chance is to stir up the 
 mud on the bank as fast as they can, which pre- 
 vents the animal from distinguishing them, and 
 under the cover of the clouded water they re- 
 gain the surface; nevertheless it does not always 
 answer, and many are taken off every year." 
 
 " A lady, proud of her pearl necklace, little 
 thinks how many poor fellows may have been 
 torn to pieces to obtain for her such an orna- 
 ment." 
 
 " Very true, and when we consider how 
 many pearl-fisheries may have taken place, and 
 how many divers may have been destroyed, 
 before a string of fine pearls can be obtained, 
 we might almost say that every pearl on the 
 necklace has cost the life of a human 
 creature."
 
 THE MISSION. 97 
 
 " How are the pearls disposed of, and who 
 are the proprietors ? " 
 
 "The Government are the proprietors of the 
 fishery, I beheve ; but whether they farm it out 
 yearly, or not, I cannot tell ; but this I know, 
 that as the pearl oysters are taken, they are 
 landed unopened and packed upon the beach 
 in squares of a certain dimension. When the 
 fishing is over for the season, these square 
 lots of pearl oysters are put up to auction and 
 sold to the highest bidder, of course, * contents 
 unknown,' so that it becomes a species of 
 lottery ; the purchaser may not find a single 
 pearl in his lot, or he may find two or three, 
 which will realize twenty times the price which 
 he has paid for his lot." 
 
 " It is, then, a lottery from beginning to end ; 
 the poor divers' lottery is shark or no shark; the 
 purchasers', pearls or no pearls. But INIr. Fair- 
 burn is coming up the ladder, and I am anxious 
 to know what was the fate of Mokanna." 
 
 VOL. I. H
 
 98 THE MISSION. 
 
 Mr. Fairburn, who had come on deck on 
 purpose to continue the narrative, took his 
 seat by his two fellow-passengers and went 
 on as follows : — 
 
 " I stated that Mokanna had been forward- 
 ed to the Cape. You must have perceived 
 that his only crime was that of fighting for his 
 native land against civilized invaders, but this 
 was a deep crime in the eyes of the Colonial 
 Government ; he was immediately thrown into 
 the common gaol, and finally was condemned 
 to be imprisoned for life on Robben Island, a 
 place appropriated for the detention of con- 
 victed felons and other malefactors, who there 
 work in irons at the slate-quarries." 
 
 " May I ask where is Robben Island ? " 
 
 " It is an island a few miles from the main 
 land, close to Table Bay, upon which the Cape 
 Town is built. 
 
 " Mokanna remained there about a year, 
 when, having made his intentions known to
 
 THE MISSION. 99 
 
 some Caffres who were confined there with 
 him, he contrived out of the iron hoops of the 
 casks to make some weapons Hke cutlasses, 
 with which he armed his followers, rose upon 
 the guard and overpowered them; he then 
 seized the boat, and with his Caffres made for 
 the main land. Unfortunately, in attempting 
 to disembark upon the rocks on the main land, 
 the boat was upset in the surf, which was 
 very violent ; Mokanna clung some time to 
 a rock, but at last was washed off, and thus 
 perished the unfortunate leader of the Caffres." 
 
 " Poor fellow," said Alexander; " he de- 
 served a better fate and a more generous 
 enemy ; but did the war continue ? " 
 
 " No ; it ended in a manner every way worthy 
 of that in which it was begun. You recollect 
 that the war was commenced to support 
 Gaika, our selected chief of the Caffres, 
 against the real chiefs. The Caffres had 
 before been compelled to give up their terri- 
 H 2
 
 100 
 
 THE MISSION. 
 
 tories on our side of the Fish River; the 
 Colonial Government now insisted upon their 
 retiring still further, that is, beyond the Keisi 
 and Chumi Rivers, by which, 3,000 more 
 square miles were added to the colonial terri- 
 tory. This was exacted, in order that there 
 might be a neutral ground to separate the 
 Caffres and the Dutch boors, and put an 
 end to further robberies on either side. The 
 strangest part of the story is, that this territory 
 was not taken away from the CafFre chiefs, 
 against whom we had made war, but from 
 Gaika, our ally, to support whom we had 
 entered into the war." 
 
 " Well, it was even-handed — not justice, but 
 injustice, at all events." 
 
 " Exactly so; and so thought Gaika, for 
 when speaking of the protection he received 
 from the Colonial Government, he said, ' But 
 when I look upon the large extent of fine 
 country which has been taken from me, I am
 
 THE MISSION. 101 
 
 compelled to say, that, although protected, I 
 am rather oppressed by my protectors.^ " 
 
 " Unjust as was the mode of obtaining the 
 neutral ground, I must say that it appears to 
 me to have been a good policy to put one 
 between th6 parties." 
 
 " I grant it; but what was the conduct 
 of the Colonial Government ? This neutral 
 ground was afterwards given away in large 
 tracts to the Dutch boors, so as again to bring 
 them into contact with the Caffres." 
 
 " Is it possible ? " 
 
 " Yes ; to men who had always been op- 
 posed to the English Government, who had 
 twice risen in rebellion against them, and who 
 had tried to bring in the CafFres to destroy the 
 colony. Neither are the commandoes, or ex- 
 cursions against the CafFres, put an end to : 
 Makomo, the son of Gaika, our late ally, has, 
 I hear, been the party now attacked. I trust, 
 however, that we may soon have affairs going 
 
 SANTA BAi^AIiA
 
 102 THE MISSION. 
 
 on in a more favourable and reputable man- 
 ner; indeed, I am sure that, now the Govern- 
 ment at home have been put in possession of 
 the facts, such will be the case. 
 
 " 1 have now given you a very brief insight 
 into the history of the Cape up to the present 
 time. There are many points which I have 
 passed over, not wishing to diverge from a 
 straight-forward narrative, but upon any ques- 
 tions you may wish to ask, I shall be most 
 happy to give you all the information in my 
 power. I cannot, however, dismiss the subject 
 without making one remark, which is, that it is 
 principally, if not wholly, to the missionaries, 
 to their exertions and to their representations, 
 that what good has been done is to be attri- 
 buted. They are entitled to the greatest credit 
 and the warmest praise ; and great as has been 
 the misrule of this colony for many years, it 
 would have been much greater and much 
 more disgraceful if it had not been for their
 
 THE MISSION. 103 
 
 efforts. Another very important alteration has 
 been taking place in the colony, which will 
 eventually be productive of much good. I refer 
 to the British immigration, which every year 
 becomes more extensive ; and as soon as the 
 British population exceeds and masters that 
 of the old Dutch planters and boors, we shall 
 have better feeling in the colony. Do not 
 suppose that all the Dutch boors are such as 
 those whose conduct I have been obliged to 
 point out. There are many worthy men, 
 although but few educated or enlightened." 
 
 " I know from my own observation that 
 the failings and prejudices against the natives 
 are fast fading away, and that lately the law 
 has been able to hold its ground, and has been 
 supported by the people inhabiting the dis- 
 tricts. The Dutch, with all their prejudices 
 and all their vices, will soon be swallowed up 
 by the inundation of English settlers, and will 
 gradually be so incorporated and intermingled
 
 104 
 
 THE MISSION. 
 
 by marriage, that no distinction will be known. 
 Time, however, is required for such consolida- 
 tion and cementation ; that time is arriving 
 fast, and the future prospects of the Cape 
 are as cheering, as you may think, from my 
 narrative, they have been disheartening and 
 gloomy." 
 
 " I trust in God that such will be the case," 
 replied Alexander. " If this wind continues, 
 in a few days we shall be at the Cape, and I 
 shall be most anxious to hear how affairs are 
 going on." 
 
 " I had a letter just before I set out from 
 England, stating that the Zoolu tribes, to 
 the northward of the Caffres, are in an un- 
 quiet state; and as you must pass near to 
 these tribes on your journey, I am anxious to 
 know the truth. At all events, Chaka is 
 dead ; he was murdered about two years back 
 by his own relations." 
 
 " Who was Chaka?" inquired Alexander.
 
 THE MISSION. 105 
 
 " That I have yet to tell you ; at present 
 we have only got as far as the Caffres, who 
 are immediately on our frontiers."
 
 106 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 The wind continued fair, and the vessel 
 rapidly approached the Cape. Alexander, 
 who had contracted a great friendship for Mr. 
 Swinton, had made known to him the cause 
 of his intended journey into the interior, and 
 the latter volunteered, if his company would 
 not be displeasing, to accompany Alexander 
 on his tedious and somewhat perilous expe- 
 dition. 
 
 Alexander gladly accepted the offer, and 
 requested Mr. Swinton would put himself to 
 no expense, as he had unlimited command of 
 money from his grand-uncle, and Mr. Swin-
 
 THE MISSION. 107 
 
 ton's joining the caravan would make no dif- 
 ference in his arrangements. 
 
 After it had been agreed that they should 
 travel together, the continued subject of dis- 
 course and discussion was the nature of the 
 outfit, the number of wagons, their equipment, 
 the stores, the number of horses and oxen 
 which should be provided ; and they were busy 
 every day adding to their memoranda as to 
 what it would be advisable to procure for their 
 journey. 
 
 Mr. Fairburn often joined in the discussion, 
 and gave his advice, but told them that, when 
 they arrived at Cape Town, he might be more 
 useful to them. Alexander, who, as we have 
 before observed, was a keen hunter, and very 
 partial to horses and dogs, promised himself 
 much pleasure in the chase of the wild ani- 
 mals on their journey, and congratulated him- 
 self upon being so well provided with guns 
 and rifles, which he had brought with him,
 
 108 THE MISSION. 
 
 more with the idea that they might be required 
 for self-defence, than for sport. 
 
 At last, " Land, ho !" was cried out by the 
 man who was at the mast-head in the morning 
 watch, and soon afterwards, the flat top of 
 Table Mountain was distinctly visible from the 
 deck. The Surprise, running before a fresh 
 breeze, soon neared the land, so that the ob- 
 jects on it might be perceived with a glass. 
 At noon they were well in for the bay, and 
 before three o'clock the Surprise was brought 
 to an anchor between two other merchant ves- 
 sels, which were filling up their home cargoes. 
 
 After a three months' voyage, passengers 
 are rather anxious to get on shore ; and there- 
 fore before night all were landed, and Alex- 
 ander found himself comfortably domiciled in 
 one of the best houses iu Cape Town : for 
 Mr. Fairburn had, during the passage, re- 
 quested Alexander to take up his abode with 
 him.
 
 THE MISSION. 109 
 
 Tired with the excitement of the day, he 
 was not sorry to go to bed early, and he did 
 not forget to return his thanks to llim who 
 had preserved him through the perils of the 
 voyage. 
 
 The next morning, Mr. Fairburn said to 
 Alexander — 
 
 " Mr. Wihnot, I should recommend you for 
 the first ten days to think nothing about your 
 journey. Amuse yourself with seeing the 
 public gardens, and other things worthy of in- 
 spection ; or, if it pleases you, you can make 
 the ascent of Table Mountain with your friend 
 Swinton. At all events, do just as you please ; 
 you will find my people attentive, and ready 
 to obey your orders. You know the hours of 
 meals ; consider yourself at home, and as much 
 master here as I am. As you may well imagine, 
 after so long an absence, I have much to 
 attend to in my official capacity, and I think 
 it will be a week or Jten days before I shall be
 
 no THE MISSION. 
 
 comfortably reseated in my office, and have 
 things going on smoothly, as they ought to do. 
 You must therefore excuse me, if I am not 
 quite so attentive a host at first as I should 
 wish to be. One thing only I recommend you 
 to do at present, which is, to accompany me this 
 afternoon to Government-House, that I may in- 
 troduce you to the Governor. It is just as well 
 to get over that mark of respect which is due 
 to him, and then you will be your own master." 
 
 Alexander replied with many thanks. He 
 was graciously received by the Governor, who 
 promised him every assistance in his power in 
 the prosecution of his journey. Having re- 
 ceived an invitation for dinner on the following 
 day, Alexander bowed and took his leave in 
 company with Mr. Fairburn. 
 
 On the following day Alexander was visited 
 by Mr. Swinton. Mr. Swinton was accom- 
 panied by a major in the Bengal Cavalry, 
 whom he introduced as Major Henderson.
 
 THE MISSION. 1 1 I 
 
 He had arrived a few days before from Cal- 
 cutta, having obtained leave of absence for the 
 recovery of his health, after a smart jungle 
 fever, which had nearly proved fatal. The 
 voyage, however, had completely reinstated 
 him, and he appeared full of life and spirits. 
 They walked together to the Company's garden, 
 in which were a few lions, and some other Cape 
 animals, and the discourse naturally turned 
 upon them. Major Henderson described the 
 hunting in India, especially the tiger hunting on 
 elephants, to which he was very partial ; and 
 Alexander soon discovered that he was talking 
 to one who was passionately fond of the sport. 
 After along conversation, they parted mutually 
 pleased with each other. A day or two after- 
 wards, Mr. Swinton, who had been talking 
 about their intended journey with Alexander, 
 said to him : 
 
 " You must not be surprised at the off-hand 
 and unceremonious way we have in the colo-
 
 112 THE MISSION. 
 
 nies. People meeting abroad, even English- 
 men occasionally, throw aside much ceremony. 
 I mention this because Major Henderson 
 intends to call this afternoon, and propose 
 joining our party into the interior. I do not 
 know muth of him, but I have heard much said 
 in his favour, and it is easy to see by his 
 manners and address that he is a gentleman. 
 Of course, when he stated his intention, I 
 could do nothing but refer him to you, which 
 I did. What do you think, Wilmot ? " 
 
 " I think very well of Major Henderson, 
 and I consider that as the journey must be one 
 of some peril, the more Europeans the better, 
 especially when we can find one who is used to 
 danger from his profession, and also to dan- 
 gerous hunting, which we must also expect. 
 So far from not wishing him to join us, I con- 
 sider him a most valuable acquisition, and am 
 delighted at the idea." 
 
 " Well, I am glad to hear you say so, for I
 
 THE MISSION. 113 
 
 agree with you. He is hunting mad, that is 
 certain, and I liear, a most remarkable shot. 
 I think with you he will be an acquisition. It 
 appears that it was his intention to have gone 
 into the interior, even if he went by himself; 
 and he has two Arab horses which he brought 
 with him from India with that view." 
 
 " If you see him before he comes, you may 
 say that you have stated his wishes to me, and 
 that I am quite delighted at his joining our 
 party, — it being perfectly understood that he 
 is at no expense for any thing connected with 
 the outfit." 
 
 " I will tell him so," replied Swinton ; " and 
 I think the sooner we be^in to collect what is 
 necessary the better. We must have Major 
 Henderson in our councils. Depend upon it, 
 he will be very useful, and very active ; so for 
 the present, farewell." 
 
 Mr. Swinton and Major Henderson called 
 together that afternoon, and the latter, us soon 
 
 VOL. I. I
 
 114 THE MISSION. 
 
 as he was admitted into the party, began to 
 talk over the plans and preparations. 
 
 " My suite is not very large," said he ; " I 
 have two horses and two dogs, a Parsee 
 servant, and a Cape baboon. I should hke to 
 take the latter with us as well as my servant. 
 My servant, because he is a good cook ; and 
 ray monkey, because, if we are hard put to it, 
 she will shew us what we may eat and what 
 we may not ; there is no taster like a monkey. 
 Besides, she is young and full of tricks, and I 
 like something to amuse me." 
 
 " The baboons have another good quality ; 
 they give notice of danger sooner than a dog," 
 observed Swinton. " I think, Wilmot, we 
 must admit the monkey into the party." 
 
 *' I shall be most happy," replied Alexander, 
 laughing; " pray give her my compliments. 
 Major Henderson, and say how happy I shall 
 be." 
 
 " I call her Begum," said Major Hender-
 
 THE MISSIOX. 115 
 
 son ; " because she is so like the old Beuuiu 
 princess whom I was once attending, when in 
 India with my troop, as guard of honour. You 
 must look out for some good horses, Mr. 
 Wilmot; you will want a great many, and if 
 you do not wish them to have sore backs, don't 
 let the Hottentots ride them." 
 
 " We have been discussing the point, Major 
 Henderson, as to whether it will not be better 
 to go round in a vessel to Algoa Bay, com- 
 plete our equipment there, and make that our 
 starting-place." 
 
 "If you do, you will save a long journey by 
 land, and find yourself not very far from what 
 I understand are the best of hunting-grounds, 
 near to the country of the Vaal River." 
 
 The topics then dwelt upon were what 
 articles they should procure in Cape Town, 
 and what they should defer providing thenj- 
 selves with until their arrival at Algoa Bay. 
 They agreed to provide all their stores at Cape 
 I 2
 
 116 TliE MISSION. 
 
 Town, and as many good horses as they could 
 select- but the waggons, and oxen, and the 
 hiring of Hottentots, they put off until they 
 arrived at Algoa Bay. 
 
 Mr. Fairburn was now more at leisure, and 
 Alexander had more of his society. One even- 
 ing after dinner, Mr. Fairburn had opened a map 
 of the country, to give Alexander some infor- 
 mation relative to his projected journey. He 
 pointed out to him the track which appeared 
 most advisable through the Caffre country, and 
 then observed that it was difficult to give any 
 advice as to his proceedings after he had 
 passed this country, governed by Hinza, as 
 every thing would depend upon circumstances. 
 
 " Do you know any thing of the country 
 beyond ?" 
 
 " Not much ; we know that it was overrun 
 by the Zoolus, the tribe of which Chaka was 
 the chief; and last year our troops went to the 
 assistance of the Caffres, who were attacked
 
 THE MISSION. 117 
 
 by another tribe from the northward, called 
 the Mantatees. These were dispersed by our 
 troops with immense slaughter. The Zoohi 
 country, you perceive, is on the east side of 
 the great chain of mountains, and to the 
 northward of Port Natal. The Mantatees 
 came from the west side of the mountains, in 
 about the same parallel of latitude. It is 
 impossible to say what may be going on at 
 present, or what may take place before you 
 arrive at your destination, as these northern 
 ^rruptions are continual." 
 
 " You promised me the history of that 
 person, Chaka." 
 
 " You shall have it now: he was the king 
 of the Zoolu nation — I hardly know what to 
 call him. He was the Nero and the Napoleon 
 of Africa ; a monster in cruelty and crime, yet 
 a great warrior and conqueror. lie com- 
 menced his career by murdering his relatives 
 to obtain the sovereignty. As soon as he hud
 
 118 THE MISSION. 
 
 succeeded, he murdered all those whom he 
 thought inimical to him, and who had been 
 friends to his relatives." 
 
 " But are the Zoolus CafFres?" 
 
 "No; but there are many races to the 
 northward which we consider as Caffre races. 
 You may have observed, in the history of the 
 world, that the migrations of the human race 
 are generally from the north to the south ; so 
 it appears to have been in Africa. Some 
 convulsion among the northern tribes, pro- 
 bably a pressure from excessive population, 
 had driven the Zoolus to the southward, and 
 they came down like an inundation, sweeping 
 before them all the tribes that fell in their 
 path. Chaka's force consisted of nearly 
 100,000 warriors, of whom 15,000 were 
 always in attendance to execute his orders. 
 In every country which he overran he spared 
 neither age nor sex ; it was one indiscriminate 
 slaushter."
 
 THE MISSION. 119 
 
 " What a monster!" 
 
 " He ruled by terror, and it is incredible 
 that his orders met with such implicit obedi- 
 ence. To make his army invincible, he re- 
 modelled it, divided it into companies, distin- 
 guished by the colour of their shields, and for- 
 bade them to use any other weapon but a short 
 stabbing-spear, so that they always fought at 
 close quarters. He weeded his army by pick- 
 ing out 1,000 of his veteran warriors, who had 
 gained his victories, and putting them to 
 death. Any regiment sent out to battle, if 
 they were defeated, were instantly destroyed 
 on their return ; it was, therefore, victory or 
 death with them, and the death was most 
 cruel, being that of impalement. Well was 
 he surnamed ' the Bloody.' " 
 
 " Yes, indeed." 
 
 " His tyranny over his own people was 
 dreadful. On one occasion, a child annoyed 
 him ; he ordered it to be killed ; but the child
 
 120 THE MISSION. 
 
 ran among seventy or eighty other children, 
 and could not be distinguished, so he ordered 
 the whole to be put to death. He murdered 
 two or three hundred of his wives in one day. 
 At the shghtest suspicion he would order out 
 his chiefs to execution, and no one knew when 
 his turn might come. His will was law : 
 every one trembled and obeyed. To enter into 
 a detail of all his cruelties would fill volumes ; 
 it will be sufficient to mention the last act of 
 his life. His mother died, and he declared 
 that she had perished by witchcraft. Hun- 
 dreds and hundreds were impaled, and, at last, 
 tired of these slow proceedings, he ordered out 
 his army to an indiscriminate slaughter over 
 the whole country, which lasted for four- 
 teen days." 
 
 " How horrible !" 
 
 " He was a demon who revelled in blood ; 
 but his own turn came at last. He was mur- 
 dered by his brother Dingaam, who knew that
 
 THE MISSION. 121 
 
 he was about to be sacrificed; and thus perished 
 the bloody Chaka. His brother Dingaam is 
 now on the Zoolu throne, and appears inclined 
 to be quiet. There is another great warrior chief, 
 named Moselekatsee, who revolted from Chaka, 
 and who is much such another character; but 
 our accounts of these people are vague at 
 present, and require time to corroborate their 
 correctness. You will have to act and decide 
 when you arrive there, and must be guided by 
 circumstances. With the caravan you propose 
 to travel with, I think there will not be much 
 danger, and if there is, you must retreat. The 
 favour of these despots is easily to be obtained 
 by judicious presents, which of course you will 
 not be unprovided with. I have ordered your 
 letters to the authorities to be made out, and 
 you will have the Governor's signature to 
 them. When do you propose to start?" 
 
 " We shall be ready in a few days, and have 
 only to find a vessel going to Algoa Bay."
 
 122 THE MISSION. 
 
 " You will be asked to take charge of 
 several articles which are to be sent to the 
 missionary station which you will pass on your 
 way. I presume you have no objection ?" 
 
 " Certainly not ; they deserve every en- 
 couragement, and any kindness or attention I 
 can shew them will give me great pleasure." 
 
 Alexander received many proposals from dif- 
 ferent parties who wished to join the expedition, 
 but they were all civilly declined. In a few days, 
 a vessel arrived, which was about to go round 
 to the settlement at Algoa Bay. Their stores, 
 horses, and dogs, not forgetting Begum, the 
 baboon, were all embarked, and, taking leave 
 of Mr. Fairburn and the Governor, Alexander, 
 Major Henderson, and Mr. Swinton embarked, 
 and on the evening of the fourth day found 
 themselves safe at anchor in company with 
 ten or twelve vessels which were lying in 
 Algoa Bay.
 
 123 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 The vessels which lay at anchor in Algoa 
 Bay had just arrived from England, with a 
 numerous collection of emigrants, who, to im- 
 prove their fortunes, had left their native land 
 to settle in this country. Many had landed, 
 but the greater proportion were still on board 
 of the vessels. The debarkation was rapidly 
 going on, and the whole bay was covered 
 with boats landing with people and stores, or 
 returning for more. The wind blowing from 
 the westward, there was no surf on the 
 beach ; the sun was bright and warm, and the 
 scene was busy and interesting ; but night 
 came on, and the panorama was closed in.
 
 124 THE MISSION. 
 
 Alexander and his companions remained on 
 the deck of their vessel till an undisturbed 
 silence reigned where but an hour or two before 
 all was noise and bustle. The stars, so beauti- 
 ful in the southern climes, shone out in cloud- 
 less brilliancy, the waters of the bay were 
 smooth as glass, and reflected them so clearly 
 that they might have fancied that there was a 
 heaven beneath as well as above them. The 
 land presented a dark opaque mass, the moun- 
 tains in the distance appearing as if they were 
 close to them, and rising precipitately from the 
 shore. All was of one sombre hue, except 
 where the lights in the houses in the town 
 twinkled here and there, announcing that some 
 had not yet dismissed their worldly cares and 
 sought repose from the labours of the day. 
 Yet all was silent, except occasionally the 
 barking of a dog, or the voice of the sentry 
 in Fort Frederick, announcing that " all was 
 well."
 
 THE MISSION. 125 
 
 " What a gathering in a small space of so 
 many people, witli so many different histories, 
 so many causes for leaving their native land, 
 and with so many different fortunes in store 
 for them, must there be on board of an emi- 
 grant ship," observed Mr. Svvinton. 
 
 "Yet all united in one feeling, and instigated 
 by the same desire, — that of independence, and 
 if possible, of wealth," rejoined Major Hen- 
 derson. 
 
 " Of that there can be no doubt," said 
 Alexander; " but it must be almost like be- 
 ginning a new life; so many ties broken by 
 the vast ocean which has separated them ; new 
 interests usurping the place of old ones; all 
 novelty and adventure to look forward to; new 
 scenes added to new hopes and to new fears ; 
 but we must not remain too Ions: even to 
 watch these beautiful heavens, for we must 
 rise at daylight, so I shall set the example, and 
 wish you both good night."
 
 126 THE MISSION. 
 
 At daylight on the following morning, the 
 long-boat was hoisted out, and the horses 
 safely conveyed on shore. After a hasty 
 breakfast, Alexander and his two companions 
 landed to see if it were possible to obtain any 
 roof under which they could shelter them- 
 selves ; but the number of emigrants who 
 had arrived put that out of the question, 
 every house and every bed being engaged. 
 This was a great disappointment, as they had 
 no wish to return on board and reoccupy the 
 confined space which had been allotted to 
 them. 
 
 Having found accommodation for their 
 horses, they proceeded to examine the town 
 and resume their search for lodgings. The 
 streets presented a bustling and animated 
 scene ; wagons with goods, or returning empty 
 with their long teams of oxen ; horses, sheep, 
 and other animals just landed ; loud talking, 
 busy inquirers; running to and fro of men;
 
 THE MISSION. 127 
 
 Hottentots busy with the goods, or smoking 
 their pipes in idle survey; crates and boxes, 
 and packages of all descriptions, mixed up 
 with agricultural implements and ironware, 
 lining each side of the road, upon which were 
 seated wives and daughters watching the 
 property, and children looking round with 
 astonishment, or playing or crying. 
 
 Further out of the town were to befseen 
 tents pitched by the emigrants, who had pro- 
 vided themselves with such necessaries before 
 they had quitted England, and who were 
 bivouacking like so many gypsies, inde- 
 pendent of lodgings and their attendant 
 expenses, and cooking their own provisions 
 in kettles or frying-pans. As Alexander 
 perceived the latter, he said, " At all events, 
 we have found lodgings now ; I never thought 
 of that." 
 
 " How do you mean ? " 
 
 " I have two tents in the luggage I brought
 
 128 THE MISSION. 
 
 from Cape Town ; we must get them on shore 
 and do as these people have done." 
 
 " Bravo ! I am glad to hear that," replied 
 Major Henderson ; " any thing better than 
 remaining on board to be nibbled by the 
 cockroaches. Shall we return at once?"" 
 
 " By all means," said Mr. Swinton; " we 
 have but to get our mattresses and a few other 
 articles." 
 
 " Leave my man to do all that," said the 
 Major ; " he is used to it. In India we 
 almost live in tents when up the country. 
 But here comes one that I should know ; — 
 Maxwell, I believe ?" 
 
 " Even so, my dear Henderson," replied the 
 military officer who had been thus addressed ; 
 " why, what brought you here ? — surely you 
 are not a settler ?" 
 
 " No ; I am here because I am not a 
 settler," replied Henderson, laughing; " I am 
 always on the move ; I am merely on my way
 
 THE MISSION. 129 
 
 with my two friends here to shoot a hippo- 
 potamus. Allow me to introduce Mr. Wilmot 
 and Mr. Swinton. But I see you are on duty ; 
 are you in the fort ? " 
 
 " Yes ; I came from Somerset about a 
 month back. Can I be of any use to you ? " 
 
 " That depends on circumstances ; we are 
 now going on board for our tents to pitch them 
 on the hill there, as we can get no lodgings." 
 
 " Well, I cannot offer you beds in the fort, 
 but I think if you were to pitch your tents 
 outside the fort, on the glacis, you would be 
 better than on the hill ; your baggage would 
 be safer, and I should be more able to render 
 you any attention or assistance you may re- 
 quire." 
 
 " An excellent idea ; if it were only on 
 account of the baggage," replied Henderson ; 
 " we accept your offer with pleasure." 
 
 " Well then, get them on shore as quick as 
 you can ; my men will soon have them out for 
 
 VOL. I. K
 
 130 THE MISSION. 
 
 you and assist in transporting your luggage ; 
 and don't distress yourself about your dinner, 
 I will contrive to have something cooked for 
 you." 
 
 " A friend in need is a friend in deed, my 
 good fellow. We will accept your offers as 
 freely as they are made ; so, farewell for an 
 hour or so." 
 
 As they parted with Captain Maxwell, 
 Henderson observed, " That was a lucky 
 meeting, for we shall now get on well ; Max- 
 well is an excellent fellow, and he will be 
 very useful to us in making our purchases, 
 as he knows the people and the country ; and 
 our baggage will be safe from all pilferers." 
 
 " It is indeed very fortunate," replied Mr. 
 Swinton ; " where did you know Captain 
 Maxwell?" 
 
 " In India. We have often been out 
 hunting tigers together. How he would like 
 to be of our party, but that is of course im- 
 possible."
 
 THE MISSION. 131 
 
 " But how shall we manage about our 
 living, Major Henderson ? " observed Wilmot ; 
 " it will never do to quarter ourselves on your 
 friend." 
 
 " Of course not J we should soon eat up his 
 pay and allowances. No, no ; we will find 
 dinners, and he will help us to cook them 
 first and eat them afterwards." 
 
 " Upon such terms, I shall gladly take up 
 my quarters in the fort," replied Alexander. 
 " But which is our boat out of all these? " 
 
 " Here, Sir," cried out one of the sailors ; 
 " come along, my lads," continued he to the 
 other men, who were lounging about, and who 
 all jumped into the boat, which pushed off, 
 and they were soon on board of the ship. 
 
 As the master of the vessel was equally 
 glad to get rid of his passengers and their 
 luggage, as they were to leave, the utmost 
 expedition was used by all parties, and in a 
 few hours every thing was landed. Begum, the 
 K 2
 
 132 THE MISSION. 
 
 baboon, being percbed upon the stores con- 
 veyed in the last boat. A party of soldiers 
 sent down by Captain Maxwell assisted the 
 seamen to carry the various packages up to 
 the fort, and before the evening closed in, the 
 tents were pitched, their beds made up, and 
 their baggage safely housed, while they were 
 amusing themselves, after dining with Captain 
 Maxwell, leaning over the parapet and watch- 
 ing the passing and repassing of the boats 
 which were unlading the vessels. 
 
 As there was little chance of rain in the 
 present season, they lay down on their mat- 
 tresses in perfect security and comfort, and 
 did not wake up the next morning until break- 
 fast was ready. After breakfast they sallied 
 out with Captain Maxwell to look after 
 wagons and oxen, and as on the arrival 
 of the emigrants, a number of wagons 
 had been sent down to take them to their 
 destinations, Captain Maxwell soon fell in
 
 THE MISSION. 133 
 
 with some of the Dutch boors of the interior 
 with whom he had been acquainted, and 
 who had come down with their wagons ; but 
 previous to making any bargains, Alexander 
 went with Captain Maxwell to the landroost, 
 for whom he had brought a letter from the 
 Governor. 
 
 Tiiis gentleman immediately joined the 
 party, and through his intervention, before 
 night four excellent wagons with their tilts 
 and canvas coverings, and four span of oxen 
 of fourteen each, were bought and promised 
 to be brought down and delivered up in good 
 order, as soon as they had carried up the 
 freights with which they were charged. 
 
 As these wagons could not return under four 
 days, the next object that they had in view 
 was to procure some more horses, and here 
 they met with difficulty; for. Major Henderson, 
 who, as an excellent judge of horses, was 
 requested to select them, would not accept of
 
 134 THE MISSION. 
 
 many that were offered. Still they had plenty 
 of time, as the wagons would require fitting 
 out previous to their departure, and this would 
 be a work of some days ; and many articles 
 which they had decided to procure at Algoa 
 Bay, instead of the Cape, were now to be 
 sought for and selected. 
 
 At the time appointed, the wagons and 
 teams were delivered over and paid for. Car- 
 penters were then engaged, and the wagons 
 were fitted out with lockers all round them, 
 divided off" to contain the luggage separate, so 
 that they might be able to obtain in a minute 
 any thing that they might require. While this 
 work was proceeding, with the assistance of 
 the landroost, they were engaging Hottentots 
 and other people to join the expedition, some 
 as drivers to the wagons, others as huntsmen, 
 and to perform such duties as might be re- 
 quired of them. Some very steady brave men 
 were selected, but it was impossible to make
 
 THE MISSION. 135 
 
 up the whole force which they wished to take 
 of people of known character; many of them 
 were engaged rather from their appearance, 
 their promises, and the characters they obtained 
 from others or gave themselves, than from any 
 positive knowledge of them. This could not be 
 avoided ; and as they had it in their power 
 to dismiss them for bud conduct, it was to be 
 presumed that they could procure others. 
 
 It was more than three weeks before every 
 thing was ready for their departure, and then 
 the caravan was composed as follows : — 
 
 The persons who belonged to it were our 
 three gentlemen ; the servant of Major Hen- 
 derson ; eight drivers of the teams of oxen ; 
 twelve Hottentot and other hunters (for some 
 of them were of a mixed race) ; two Hottentots 
 who had charge of the horses ; and two others 
 who had charge of a flock of Cape sheep, 
 which were to follow the caravan, and serve 
 as food until they could procure oxen by pur-
 
 136 THE MISSION. 
 
 chase or game with their guns : so that the 
 whole force of the party amounted to twenty 
 men ; two Hottentot women, wives of the 
 principal men, also accompanied the caravan 
 to wash and assist in cooking. 
 
 The animals belonging to the caravan con- 
 sisted of fifty-six fine oxen, which composed 
 the teams ; twelve horses, as Major Henderson 
 could only procure six at Algoa Bay, or they 
 would have purchased more ; thirteen dogs of 
 various sizes ; and Begum, the baboon belong- 
 ing to Captain Henderson : to these were to 
 be added the flock of sheep. 
 
 The wagons were fitted out as follows, 
 chiefly under the direction of Major Hender- 
 son and Mr. Swinton. 
 
 The first wagon, which was called Mr. 
 Wilmot's wagon, was fitted up with boxes or 
 lockers all round, and contained all the stores 
 for their own use, such as tea, sugar, coffee, 
 cheeses, hams, tongues, biscuits, soap, and wax
 
 THE MISSION. 137 
 
 candles, wine and spirits in bottles, besides 
 large rolls of tobacco for the Hottentots or 
 presents, and Alexander's clothes ; his mattress 
 lay at the bottom of the wagon, between the 
 lockers. The wagon was covered with a 
 double sail-cloth tilt, and with curtains before 
 and behind ; the carpenter's tools were also in 
 one of the lockers of this wagon. 
 
 The second wagon was called Mr. Swin- 
 ton's wagon ; it was fitted up with lockers in 
 the same way as the other, but it had also a 
 large chest with a great quantity of drawers 
 for insects, bottles of spirits for animals, and 
 every thing necessary for preserving them ; a 
 ream or two of paper for drying plants, and 
 several other articles, more particularly a me- 
 dicine chest well filled, for Mr. Svvinton was 
 not unacquainted with surgery and physic. 
 The other lockers were filled with a large 
 quantity of glass beads and cutlery for 
 presents, several hundred pounds of bullets,
 
 138 THE MISSION. 
 
 ready cast, and all the kitchen ware and 
 crockery. It had the same covering as the 
 first, and Mr. Swinton's mattress was at night 
 spread in the middle between the lockers. 
 
 The third wagon was called the armoury, 
 or the Major's wagon ; it was not fitted up 
 like the two first. The whole bottom of it 
 was occupied with moveable chests, and four 
 large casks of spirits, and the Major made up 
 his bed on the top of the chests. In the 
 chests were gunpowder in bottles and a quan- 
 tity of small shot for present use ; tobacco in 
 large rolls; 1 cwt. of snufF; all the heavy 
 tools, spades, shovels, and axes, and a variety 
 of other useful articles. 
 
 The tilt-frame was much stouter than that 
 of the two other wagons, for the hoops met 
 each other so as to make it solid. It was 
 covered with a tarred sail-cloth so as to be 
 quite water-proof, and under the tilt-frame 
 were suspended all the guns except the two
 
 THE MISSION. 139 
 
 which Alexander and Mr. Swinton retained 
 in their own wagons in case of emergency. 
 The back and front of this wagon were closed 
 with boards, which were let down and pulled 
 up on hinges, so that it was a sort of little 
 fortress in case of need, and as it could be 
 locked up at any time, the Hottentots were 
 not able to get at the casks of spirits without 
 committing a sort of burglary. Begum was 
 tied up in this wagon at night. 
 
 The fourth wagon was called the store 
 wagon, and contained several articles which 
 were not immediately wanted, such as casks of 
 flour and bags of rice : it also held most of 
 the ammunition, having six casks of gunpow- 
 der, a quantity of lead, two coils of rope, iron 
 bars, bags of nails of various sizes, rolls of 
 brass wire, and the two tents, with three 
 chairs and a small table. Like the wagon 
 of Major Henderson, it was covered with a 
 water-proof cloth.
 
 140 THE MISSION. 
 
 Such was the fit-out which was considered 
 necessary for this adventurous expedition, and 
 the crowds who came to see the preparations 
 for the great hunting party, as it was called, 
 were so great and so annoying, that the utmost 
 haste was made to quit the town. At last the 
 wagons were all loaded, the Hottentots col- 
 lected together from the liquor shops, their 
 agreements read to them by the landroost, and 
 any departure from their agreements, or any 
 misconduct, threatened with severe punish- 
 ment. 
 
 The horses and oxen were brought in, and 
 the next morning was fixed for their departure. 
 Having taken leave of the landroost and other 
 gentlemen of the town who had loaded them 
 with civilities, they retired to the fort, and 
 passed the major part of the night with Cap- 
 tain Maxwell ; but to avoid the crowd which 
 would have accompanied them, and have im- 
 peded their progress, they had resolved to set
 
 THE MISSION. 141 
 
 off before daylight. At two o'clock in the 
 morning the Hottentots were roused up, the 
 oxen yoked, and an hour before daybreak 
 the whole train had quitted the town, and were 
 travelling at a slow pace, lighted only by the 
 brilliant stars of the southern sky.
 
 142 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 The plans of our travellers had been well 
 digested. They had decided that they would 
 first prosecute the object of their journey by 
 proceeding straight through the CafFre country 
 to the borders of the Undata River, near or 
 whereabout it was reported that the descen- 
 dants of the whites would be found located ; 
 and as soon as Alexander had accomplished 
 his mission that they would cross the chain of 
 mountains, and return through the Bushmen 
 and the Koranna country. Their reason for 
 making this arrangement was, that throughout 
 the whole of the CafFre country, with the ex-
 
 THE MISSION. 143 
 
 ception of lions and elephants in the forests 
 and hippopotami in the rivers, there was little 
 or no game to be found, the CafFres having 
 almost wholly destroyed it. 
 
 This plan had been suggested by Major 
 Henderson, and had been approved by Alex- 
 ander and Mr. Swinton, — Alexander being 
 equally desirous as the Major to have plenty 
 of field-sport, and Mr. Swinton anxious to 
 increase his stock and knowledge of the 
 animal kingdom. There was little to be 
 feared in their advance through the CafFre 
 country, as the Missionaries had already 
 planted two missions, one at Butterworth 
 and the other at Chumie; and the first of 
 these Alexander had decided upon visiting, 
 and had, in consequence, several packages 
 in his wagon which had been intrusted to 
 his care. 
 
 It was on the 7th of May, 1829, that the 
 caravan quitted Algoa Bay for Graham's
 
 144 THE MISSION. 
 
 Town. The weather had for some weeks 
 been fine, the heavy rains having ceased, 
 and the pasturage was now luxuriant ; the 
 wagons proceeded at a noiseless pace over 
 the herbage, the sleepy Hottentots not being 
 at all inclined to exert themselves unneces- 
 sarily. Alexander, Swinton, and Henderson 
 were on horseback, a little ahead of the first 
 wagon. 
 
 " I don't know how you feel," said the 
 Major; " but I feel as if I were a prisoner just 
 released from his chains. I breathe the air of 
 independence and liberty now. After the bustle, 
 and noise, and crowding together of the town, 
 to find ourselves here so quiet and solitary is 
 freedom." 
 
 " I had the same feeling," replied Alex- 
 ander ; " this wide-extended plain, of which we 
 cannot yet discern the horizontal edge ; these 
 brilliant stars scattered over the heavens, and 
 shining down upon us ; no sound to meet our
 
 THE MISSION. 146 
 
 ears but the creaking of the waoon wheels in 
 the slow and measured pace, is to me delight- 
 ful. They say man is formed for society, and 
 so he is, but it is very delightful occasionally 
 to be alone." 
 
 " Yes ; alone as we are," replied Swinton, 
 laughing; " that is, with a party of thirty 
 people, well armed, in search of adventure. 
 To be clear of the bustle of the town, and 
 no longer cooped up in the fort, is pleasant 
 enough ; but I suspect, to be quite alone in 
 these African wilds would be any thing but 
 agreeable." 
 
 " Perhaps so." 
 
 " Neither would you feel so much at ease if 
 you knew that your chance of to-morrow's 
 dinner was to depend wholly upon what you 
 might procure with your gun. There is a satis- 
 faction in knowing that you have four well- 
 filled wagons behind you." 
 
 " I grant that also," replied the Major; 
 
 VOL. I. L
 
 146 THE MISSION. 
 
 " but still there is solitude even with this com- 
 pany, and I feel it." 
 
 " A solitary caravan — but grant that there is 
 some difference between that and a solitary 
 individual," rejoined Swinton ; " however, we 
 have not come to solitude yet, for we shall find 
 Dutch boors enough between this and Gra- 
 ham's Town." 
 
 " I think, Wilmot," observed Henderson, 
 " that I should, if I were you, proceed by 
 slow stages at first, that we may get our men 
 into some kind of order and discipline, and 
 also that we may find out whether there are 
 any who will not suit us ; we can discharge 
 them at Graham's Town, and procure others 
 in their place, at the same time that we engage 
 our interpreters and guides." 
 
 " I think your plan very good," replied 
 Alexander; " besides, we shall not have our 
 wagons properly laden and arranged until we 
 have been out three or four days."
 
 THE MISSION. 147 
 
 " One thing is absolutely necessary, which 
 is, to have a guard kept every night," said 
 Swinton ; " and there ought to be two men on 
 guard at a timej for one of them is certain to 
 fall asleep, if not both. I know the Hotten- 
 tots well." 
 
 " They will be excellent guards, by your 
 account," said Alexander ; "■ however, the dogs 
 will serve us more faithfully."" 
 
 " I do not mean my remark to include all 
 Hottentots ; some are very faithful, and do 
 their duty ; but it comprehends the majo- 
 rity." 
 
 "Are they courageous?" inquired Alex- 
 ander. 
 
 " Yes, certainly, they may be considered as 
 a brave race of men ; but occasionally there is 
 a poltroon, and, like all cowards, he brags 
 more than the rest." 
 
 " I've a strong suspicion that we have one 
 of that kind among our hunters," replied 
 L 2
 
 148 THE MISSION. 
 
 Henderson ; " however, it is not fair to pre- 
 judge; I may be mistaken." 
 
 " I think I know which you refer to, never- 
 theless," said Alexander ; " it is the great 
 fellow that they call Big Adam." 
 
 " You have hit upon the man, and, to a 
 certain degree, corroborated my opinion of 
 him. But the day is dawning, the sun will 
 soon be above those hills." 
 
 " When we stop I will have some grease 
 put to those wagon wheels," said Alexander. 
 
 " I fear it will be of little use," replied the 
 Major ; " creak they will. 1 don't know 
 whether the oxen here are like those in India; 
 but this I know, that the creaking of the carts 
 and hackeries there is fifty times worse than 
 this. The natives never grease the wheels; 
 they say the oxen would not go on, if they did 
 not hear the music behind them." 
 
 " Besides, the creaking of the wheels will 
 by-and-by be of service ; when we are tra-
 
 THE MISSION. 149 
 
 veiling through grass higher than our heads, 
 we shall not be able to stop behind a minute, 
 if we have not the creaking of the wheels to 
 direct us how to follow." 
 
 " Well, then, I suppose we must save our 
 grease," said Alexander. 
 
 " In a very few days you will be so accus- 
 tomed to it," said the Major, "that if it were 
 to cease you would feel the loss of it." 
 
 " Well, it may be so ; use is second nature ; 
 but at present I feel as if. the loss would be 
 gain. There is the sun just shewing himself 
 above the hill. Shall we halt, or go on ?" 
 
 " Go on for another hour, and the men can 
 thus examine the traces and the wagons by 
 daylight, and then, when we stop, we can 
 remedy any defects." 
 
 " Be it so ; there is a house, is there not, 
 on the rising ground, as far as you can see?" 
 
 "Yes, I think so," replied the Major. 
 
 " I know itVery well," said Swinton ; " it is
 
 150 THE MISSION. 
 
 the farm of a Dutch boor, MiHus, whom we 
 saw at Algoa Bay. I did not think that we 
 had got on so fast. It is about three miles off, 
 so it will just be convenient for our breakfast. 
 It will take us a good hour to arrive there, 
 and then we will unyoke the oxen. How 
 many have we yoked ?" 
 
 " Ten to each wagon. The other sixteen 
 are following with the sheep and horses ; they 
 are as relays." 
 
 " Let us gallop on," said the Major. 
 
 " Agreed," replied the others ; and putting 
 spurs to their horses, they soon arrived at the 
 farmhouse of the Dutch planter. 
 
 They were saluted with the barking and 
 clamour of about twenty dogs, which brought 
 out one of the young boors, who drove away 
 the dogs by pelting them with bullock horns, 
 and other bones of animals which were strewed 
 about. He then requested them to dismount. 
 The old boor soon appeared, and gave them a
 
 THE MISSION. 151 
 
 hearty welcome, handing down from the shelf 
 a large brandy-bottle, and recommending a 
 dram, of which he partook himself, stating that 
 it was good brandy, and made from his own 
 peaches. 
 
 Shortly afterwards the wife of the boor made 
 her appearance, and having saluted them, took 
 up her station at a small table, with the tea ap- 
 paratus before her. That refreshing beverage she 
 now j)0ured out for the visitors, handing a box 
 with some sugar-candy in it, for them to put a bit 
 into their mouths, and keep there as they drank 
 their tea, by way of sweetening it. The old boor 
 told them, that he had expected them, as he 
 had been informed that they were to set out 
 that day, but he had concluded that they would 
 arrive in the afternoon, and not so early. 
 
 We may as well here give a description of a 
 Dutch farmer's house at the Cape settlement. 
 
 It was a large square building, the wall 
 built up of clay, and then plastered with a
 
 152 THE MISSION. 
 
 composition made by the boors, which be- 
 comes excessively hard in time ; after which it 
 is whitewashed. The roof was thatched with 
 a hard sort of rushes, more durable and less 
 likely to catch fire than straw. There was no 
 ceiling under the roof, but the rafters over- 
 head were hung with a motley assemblage 
 of the produce of the chase and farm, as 
 large whips made of rhinoceros hide, leopard 
 and lion skins, ostrich eggs and feathers, strings 
 of onions, rolls of tobacco, bamboos. Sec. 
 
 The house contained one large eating room, 
 a small private room, and two bed-rooms. 
 The windows were not glazed, but closed with 
 skins every night. There was no chimney or 
 stove in the house, all the cooking being car- 
 ried on in a small outhouse. 
 
 The furniture was not very considerable ; a 
 large table, a few chairs and stools, some iron 
 pots and kettles, a set of Dutch teacups, a 
 teapot, and a brass kettle, with a heater.
 
 THE MISSION. 1'63 
 
 The large, brass-clasped, family Dutch Bible 
 occupied a small table, at which the mistress 
 of the house presided, and behind her chair were 
 the carcasses of two sheep suspended from a 
 beam. 
 
 Inquiries about the news at the Cape, and de- 
 tails of all the information which our travellers 
 could give, had occupied the time till breakfast 
 was put on the table. It consisted of mutton 
 boiled and stewed, butter, milk, fruits, and good 
 white bread. Before breakfast was over the 
 caravan arrived, and the oxen were unyoked. 
 Our travellers passed away two hours in going 
 over the garden and orchards, and visiting the 
 cattle folds, and seeing the cows milked. 
 They then yoked the teams, and wishing the 
 old boor a farewell, and thanking him for his 
 hospitality, they resumed their journey. 
 
 " Is it always the custom here to receive 
 travellers in this friendly way?" observed 
 Alexander, as they rode away.
 
 154 THE MISSION. 
 
 "Always," replied Swinton; "there are no 
 inns on the road, and every traveller finds 
 a welcome. It is considered a matter of 
 course." 
 
 " Do they never take payment? " 
 
 " Never, and it must not be offered ; but 
 they will take the value of the corn supplied to 
 your horses, as that is quite another thing. 
 One peculiarity you will observe as you go along, 
 which is, that the Dutch wife is a fixture at the 
 little tea-table all day long. She never leaves 
 it, and the tea is always ready for every tra- 
 veller who claims their hospitality; it is an 
 odd custom." 
 
 "And I presume that occasions the good 
 woman to become so very lusty." 
 
 " No doubt of it ; the whole exercise of the 
 day is from the bed-room to the teapot, and 
 back again," replied Swinton, laughing. 
 
 " One would hardly suppose that this appa- 
 rently good-natured and hospitable people
 
 THE MISSION. 165 
 
 could have been guilty of such cruelty to 
 the natives as Mr. Fairburn represented." 
 
 " Many of our virtues and vices are brought 
 prominently forward by circumstances," re- 
 plied Swinton. " Hospitality in a thinly-inha- 
 bited country is universal, and a Dutch boor 
 is hospitable to an excess. Their cruelty to the 
 Hottentots and other natives arises from the 
 prejudices of education : they have from their 
 childhood beheld them treated as slaves, and 
 do not consider them as fellow-creatures. As 
 Mr. Fairburn truly said, nothing demoralizes 
 so much, or so hardens the heart of man, 
 as slavery existing and sanctioned by law." 
 
 " But are not the Dutch renowned for cruelty 
 and love of money ? " 
 
 " They have obtained that reputation, and 
 I fear there is some reason for it. They took 
 the lead, it must be remembered, as a commer- 
 cial nation, more commercial than the Portu- 
 guese, whose steps they followed so closely :
 
 156 THE MISSION. 
 
 that this eager pursuit of wealth should create 
 a love of money is but too natural, and to 
 obtain money, men, under the influence of 
 that passion, will stop at nothing. Their 
 cruelties in the East are on record ; but the 
 question is, whether the English, who fol- 
 lowed the path of the Dutch, would not, had 
 they gone before them, have been guilty of the 
 same crimes to obtain the same ends ? The 
 Spaniards were just as cruel in South America, 
 and the Portuguese have not fallen short of 
 them — nay, I doubt if our own countrymen can 
 be acquitted in many instances. The only 
 difference is, that the other nations who pre- 
 ceded them in discoveries had greater tempta- 
 tion, because there were more riches and wealth 
 to be obtained." 
 
 " Your remarks are just ; well may we say 
 in the Lord's Prayer, ' Lead us not into tempt- 
 ation,' for we are all too frail to withstand 
 it."
 
 THE MISSION. 167 
 
 At noon they again unyoked, and allowed the 
 cattle to graze for an interval ; after which they 
 proceeded till an hour before dark, when they 
 mustered the men, and gave them their several 
 charges and directions. At Alexander's request 
 the Major took this upon himself, and he made 
 a long speech to the Hottentots, stating that it 
 was their intention to reward those who did 
 their duty, and to punish severely those who 
 did not. They then collected wood for the 
 fires, and had their supper, — the first meal 
 which they had taken out of doors. Mahom- 
 med, the Parsee servant of Major Hender- 
 son, cooked very much to their satisfaction ; 
 and having tied the oxen to the wagons, to 
 accustom them to the practice more than from 
 any danger to be apprehended, the watch was 
 set to keep up the fires : they then all 
 retired to bed, the gentlemen sleeping in their 
 wagons, and the Hottentots underneath them,
 
 158 THE MISSION. 
 
 or by the sides of the fires which had been 
 hghted. 
 
 It will be unnecessary to enter into a detail 
 of the journey to Graham's Town, which was 
 performed without difficulty. They did not 
 arrive there until eight days after their depar- 
 ture from Algoa Bay, as they purposely lost 
 time on the road, that things might find 
 their places. At Graham's Town they received 
 every kindness and. attention from the few 
 military who were there, and the landroost. 
 Here they dismissed three of the men, who 
 had remained drunk in the liquor houses 
 during their stay, and hired nine more, who 
 were well recommended : among these were 
 two perfectly well acquainted with the Caffre 
 language and country ; so that they were ser- 
 viceable both as interpreters and guides. The 
 day after their arrival, when they were out in 
 the skirts of the town, Mr. Swinton perceived
 
 THE MISSION. 159 
 
 somethino; movin<r in the bushes. He acl- 
 vanced cautiously, and discovered that it was a 
 poor little Bushman boy, about twelve years 
 old, quite naked, and evidently in a state of 
 starvation, having been left there in a high 
 fever by his people. He was so weak 
 that he could not stand, and Mr. Swinton 
 desired the Hottentot who was with him to 
 lift him up, and carry him to the wagons. 
 Some medicine and good food soon brought the 
 little fellow round again, and he was able 
 to walk about. He shewed no disposition to 
 leave them ; indeed he would watch for Mr. 
 Swinton, and follow him as far as he could. 
 The child evidently appeared to feel attach- 
 ment and gratitude, and when they were about 
 to depart, Mr. Swinton, through the medium 
 of one of the Hottentots who could speak the 
 language, asked him if he would like to stay 
 with them. The answer was in the affirma- 
 tive, and it was decided that he should accom-
 
 160 . THE MISSION. 
 
 pany them, the Major observing that he would 
 be a very good companion for Begum. 
 
 " What name shall we give him ?" said 
 Swinton. 
 
 " Why, as my baboon is by title a princess, 
 I think we cannot create him less than a prince. 
 Let us call him Omrah." 
 
 " Omrah be it then," replied Mr. Swinton, 
 " until we can name him in a more serious 
 way." 
 
 So Omrah was put into the wagon, with 
 Begum to amuse him, and our travellers took 
 their departure from Graham's Town.
 
 161 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 Itv was in the afternoon that they moved 
 from Graham's Town. They had intended to 
 have started earlier, but they found it impossi- 
 ble to collect the Hottentots, who were taking 
 their farewells of their wives and the liquor- 
 shops. As it was, most of them were in a 
 state of intoxication, and it was considered 
 advisable to get them out of the town as soon 
 as possible. Late in the evening they arrived 
 at Hermann's Kraal, a small military fort, 
 where they remained for the night, to give 
 the Hottentots an opportunity of recovering 
 from the effects of the liquor. The next moru- 
 
 VOL. I. M
 
 162 THE- MISSION. 
 
 ing they again started, and the landscape now 
 changed its aspect, being covered with thick 
 bushes, infested with wild beasts. 
 
 A barren and sterile country was soon 
 spread before them, the sun was oppressively 
 hot, and not a sign of water was to be ob- 
 served in any direction. At last they arrived 
 at a muddy pool, in which elephants had 
 evidently been enjoying themselves, and the 
 oxen and horses were but too glad to do the 
 same. At night they halted as before, having 
 lighted fires to keep off the wild beasts and 
 elephants. 
 
 The following morning they renewed their 
 journey at daylight, and the scene again 
 changed ; they now plunged into the dense 
 forests bordering on the great Fish River, which 
 they forded in safety. The prospects all around 
 were very beautiful, the river smoothly gliding 
 through stupendous mountains and precipices, 
 with verdant valleys on each side of its banks.
 
 THE MISSION. 163 
 
 In the afternoon they arrived at Fort Wiltshire, 
 the outermost defence of the colony, situated 
 on the banks of Keiskamma. English troops 
 were stationed there, to prevent any marauding 
 parties from passing the river, or to intercept 
 them on their return with their booty. 
 
 As this was the last spot where they could 
 expect to see any of their countrymen, and 
 they were kindly received by the officers, they 
 agreed to remain two days, that they might 
 obtain all the information which they could, 
 and re-arrange the stowing of the wagons 
 before they started. The original plan had 
 been to direct their course to Chumie, the first 
 missionary station, which was about twenty- 
 five miles distant ; but as it was out of their 
 way, they now resolved to proceed direct to But- 
 terworth, which was forty miles further in the 
 Caffre country, and the more distant of the 
 two missions. Our party took leave of their 
 kind entertainers, and having crossed without 
 M 2
 
 164 THE MISSION. 
 
 difficulty at the ford the Keiskamma River, 
 had passed the neutral ground, and were in 
 the land of the Caffres. 
 
 Up to the present they had very little trouble 
 with the Hottentots whom they had hired. As 
 long as they were within reach of the law they 
 behaved well; but, now that they had passed 
 the confines of the Cape territory, some of 
 them began to shew symptoms of insubordi- 
 nation. The dismissal of one, however, with 
 an order to go back immediately, and threaten- 
 ing to shoot him if he w^s ever seen in the 
 caravan, had the desired effect of restoring 
 order. The country was now a series of hills 
 and dales, occasionally of deep ravines, and 
 their route lay through the paths made by the 
 elephants, which were numerous. A Hotten- 
 tot, of the name of Bremen, who was consi- 
 dered as their best man and most practised 
 hunter, begged Alexander and his companions 
 to be careful how they went along, if they pre-
 
 THE MISSION. 165 
 
 ceded the rest on horseback; as the elephants 
 always return by the same path at evening, or 
 after nightfall, in whatever direction they may 
 have been feeding, and it is very dangerous 
 to intercept them. 
 
 For two days they continued their course 
 in nearly a straight line for the missionary esta- 
 blishment. On the second evening, just about 
 dusk, as they were crossing a woody hill, by the 
 elephants' path, being then about 200 yards 
 in advance of the wagons, they were, saluted 
 with one of the most hideous shrieks that could 
 be conceived. Their horses started back ; they 
 could see nothing, although the sound echoed 
 through the hills for some seconds. 
 
 " What was that?" exclaimed Alexander. 
 
 " Shout as loud as you can," cried the 
 Major; " and turn your horses to the wa- 
 gons." 
 
 Alexander and Swinton joined the Major in the 
 shout, and were soon accompanied by the whole
 
 166 THE MISSION. 
 
 mass of Hottentots, shouting and yelling as 
 loud as they could. 
 
 " Silence, now," cried the Major ; every one 
 was hushed, and they listened for a few seconds. 
 
 " It was only one. Sir, and he is gone," 
 said Bremen. " We may go on." 
 
 " Only one what?" inquired Alexander. 
 
 " An elephant, Sir," replied the Hottentot ; 
 " it's well that he did not charge you ; he 
 would have tumbled you down the precipice, 
 horse and all. There must be a herd here, 
 and we had better stop as soon as we are 
 down the other side of the hill." 
 
 " I think so too," replied the Major. 
 
 " I shall not get that shriek out of my ears 
 for a month," said Alexander ; " why, the 
 roar of a lion cannot be so bad." 
 
 " Wait till you hear it," replied Swinton. 
 
 They had now arrived at the bottom of the 
 hill which they had been passing, and by the 
 light of the stars they selected a spot for their
 
 THE MISSION. 167 
 
 encampment. Whether they were near to 
 any Caffre kraals, or not, it was impossible to 
 say; but they heard no barking of dogs or 
 lowino- of oxen. Havino- collected all the 
 cattle, they formed a square of the four 
 wagons, and passed ropes from the one to the 
 other ; the horses and sheep were driven within 
 the square ; and the oxen were, as usual, tied 
 up to the sides of the wagons. 
 
 It should here be observed, that the oxen 
 were turned out to graze early in the morning, 
 yoked in the afternoon, and they travelled 
 then as far as they could after nightfall, to 
 avoid the extreme heat of the day, the con- 
 tinual visits of the CafFres, and the risk of 
 losing the cattle, if they were allowed to be 
 loose, and fed during the night. 
 
 On the night we have been referring to, a 
 more than usual number of fires were lighted 
 to keep off the elephants and other wild 
 animals. The hyenas and wolves were very
 
 168 THE MISSION. 
 
 numerous, and prowled the whole night in 
 hopes of getting hold of some of the sheep ; 
 but as yet there had not been seen or heard a 
 lion, although an occasional track had been 
 pointed out by the Hottentots. 
 
 When the Hottentots had finished their 
 labour, our travellers had to wait till the 
 fires were lighted and a sheep killed before 
 they could have their suppers cooked by Maho- 
 med. Begum, the baboon, had been released 
 from her confinement since their crossing the 
 Fish River, and as usual, when they sat down, 
 came and made one of the party, generally 
 creeping in close to her master until supper 
 was served, when she would have her finger 
 in every dish, and steal all she could, some- 
 times rather to their annoyance. 
 
 Our little Bushman had now quite re- 
 covered not only his strength but his gaiety, 
 and was one of the most amusino; little fellows 
 that could be met with.
 
 THE MISSION. 169 
 
 He could not make himself understood, 
 except to one or two of the Hottentots ; but 
 he was all pantomime, trying, by gestures and 
 signs, to talk to Mr. Swinton and his com- 
 panions. He endeavoured to assist Mahomed 
 as much as he could, and appeared to have 
 attached himself to him, for he kept no com- 
 pany with the Hottentots. He was not more 
 than three feet and a half high, and with 
 limbs remarkably delicate, although well made. 
 His face was very much like a monkey's, and 
 his gestures and manners completely so ; he 
 was quite as active and full of fun. The 
 watch had been set as soon as the fires were 
 lighted ; and close to where Alexander and 
 the others were seated, Big Adam, the Hot- 
 tentot we have mentioned as having raised 
 doubts in the mind of the Major as to his 
 courage, had just mounted guard, with his 
 gun in his hand. Omrah came up to where 
 they were sitting, and they nodded and smiled
 
 170 THE MISSION. 
 
 at him, and said, " How do you do ?" in 
 English. 
 
 The boy, who had already picked up a few 
 sentences, answered in the same words, " How 
 do you do ?" and then pointing to Big Adam, 
 whose back was turned, he began making a 
 number of signs, and nodding his head ; at last 
 he bent down, putting his arm in front of him, 
 and raising it like an elephant's trunk, walking 
 with the measured steps of that animal, so as 
 fully to make them understand that he in- 
 tended to portray an elephant. Having so 
 done, he went up behind Big Adam, and gave 
 a shriek so exactly like that which the ele- 
 phant had given an hour before, that the 
 Hottentot started up, dropped his musket, 
 and threw himself flat on the ground, in order 
 that the supposed animal might pass by 
 him unperceived. 
 
 The other Hottentots had been equally 
 startled, and had seized their muskets, looking
 
 THE MISSION. 171 
 
 in every direction for the approach of the 
 animal ; but the convulsions of laughter which 
 proceeded from the party soon told them 
 that there was nothing to apprehend, and 
 that little Omrah had been playing his tricks. 
 Big Adam rose up, looking very foolish ; he 
 had just before been telling his companions 
 how many elephants he had killed, and had 
 been expressing his hopes that they soon 
 should have an elephant hunt. 
 
 " Well," observed Svviuton, after the laugh 
 was over; " it proves that Adam is an ele- 
 phant-hunter, and knows what to do in time 
 of danger." 
 
 " Yes," replied the Major ; " and it also 
 proves that our opinion of him was just, and 
 that with him the best part of valour, is 
 discretion." 
 
 " The most wonderful escape from an 
 elephant which we have on record here," 
 observed Swinton, " is that of Lieutenant
 
 172 THE MISSION. 
 
 Moodie; did you ever hear of it? I had it from 
 his own hps." 
 
 " I never did, at all events," said Alex- 
 ander ; " and if the Major has, he will listen 
 very patiently, to oblige me." 
 
 " I have never heard the precise pai;ticulars, 
 and shall therefore be as glad to be a listener 
 as Wilmot." 
 
 " Well, then I will begin. Lieutenant 
 Moodie was out elephant-hunting with a 
 party of officers and soldiers, when one day 
 he was told that a large troop of elephants 
 was close at hand, and that several of the 
 men were out, and in pursuit of them. Lieu- 
 tenant Moodie immediately seized his gun, 
 and went off in the direction where he heard 
 the firing. 
 
 " He had forced his way through a jungle, 
 and had just come to a cleared spot, when 
 he heard some of his people calling out, in 
 English and Dutch, * Take care, Mr. Moodie,
 
 THE MISSION. 173 
 
 take care.' As they called out, he heard the 
 crackling of branches broken by the elephants 
 as they were bursting through the wood, and 
 then tremendous screams, such as we heard 
 this night. Immediately afterwards, four 
 elephants burst out from the jungle, not two 
 hundred yards from where he stood. Being 
 alone on the open ground, he knew that if 
 he fired and did not kill, he could have no 
 chance ; so he hastily retreated, hoping that 
 the animals would not see him. On looking 
 back, however, he perceived, to his dismay, 
 that they were all in chase of him, and rapidly 
 o-ainino; on him : he therefore resolved to 
 reserve his fire till the last moment, and, 
 turning towards some precipitous rocks, hoped 
 to gain them before the elephants could come 
 up with him. But he was still at least fifty 
 paces from the rocks, when he found that the 
 elephants were within half that distance of 
 him, — one very large animal, and three smaller,
 
 174 THE MISSION. 
 
 -^-all in a row, as if determined that he 
 should not escape, snorting so tremendously 
 that he was quite stunned with the noise." 
 
 " That's what I call a very pretty position," 
 observed the Major. " Go on, Swinton ; the 
 affair is becoming a little nervous." 
 
 " As his only chance, Lieutenant Moodie 
 turned round, and levelled his gun at the 
 largest elephant ; but unfortunately the powder 
 was damp, and the gun hung fire, till he was 
 in the act of taking it from his shoulder, when 
 it went off, and the ball merely grazed the side 
 of the elephant's head. The animal halted 
 for an instant, and then made a furious charge 
 upon him. He fell ; whether struck down by 
 the elephant's trunk he cannot say. The 
 elephant then thrust at him as he lay, with 
 his tusk ; fortunately it had but one, and more 
 fortunately it missed its mark, ploughing up 
 the ground within an inch of Mr. Moodie's 
 body.
 
 THE MISSION. 176 
 
 "The animal then caught him up with its trunk 
 by his middle, and dashed him down between 
 his fore-feet to tread him to death. Once it 
 pressed so heavily on his chest, that all his 
 bones bent under the weight, but somehow or 
 other, whether from the animal being in a 
 state of alarm, it never contrived to have its 
 whole \\ eight upon him ; for Mr. Moodie had 
 never lost his recollection, and kept twisting 
 his body and his limbs, so as to prevent it from 
 obtaining a direct tread upon him. Whilst he 
 was in this state of distress, another officer and 
 a Hottentot hunter came up to his assist- 
 ance, and fired several shots at the animal, 
 which was severely wounded, and the other 
 three took to their heels. At last the one 
 which had possession of Mr, Moodie turned 
 round, and giving him a cufF with its fore-feet 
 followed the rest. Mr. Moodie got up, picked 
 up his gun, and staggered away as fast as his 
 aching bones would permit him. He met his
 
 176 THE MISSION. 
 
 brother, who had just been informed by one 
 of the Hottentots who had seen him under the 
 elephant, that he was killed." 
 
 " Well, that was an escape," observed 
 Wilmot. 
 
 " What made it more remarkable was, that 
 he had hardly time to explain to his brother 
 his miraculous preservation, before he wit- 
 nessed the death of one of the hunters, a 
 soldier, who had attracted the notice of a 
 large male elephant which had been driven 
 out of the jungle. The fierce animal gave 
 chase to him, and caught him immediately 
 under the height where Mr. Moodie and his 
 brother were standing, carried the poor fellow 
 for some distance on his trunk, then threw 
 him down, and stamping upon him until 
 he was quite dead, left the body for a short 
 time. The elephant then returned, as if to 
 make sure of its destruction; for it kneeled 
 down on the body, and kneaded it with his
 
 THE MISSION. 177 
 
 fore-legs ; then, rising, it seized it again with 
 its trunk, carried it to the edge of the jungle, 
 and hurled it into the bushes." 
 
 " Dreadful ! I had no idea that there was 
 such danger in an elephant-hunt ; yet I must 
 say," continued Alexander, " that, although 
 it may appear foolishness, it only makes me 
 more anxious to have one." 
 
 " Well, as we advance, you will have no 
 want of opportunity ; but it will be better to 
 get the CafFres to join us, which they will, 
 with great delight." 
 
 " Why, they have no weapons, except their 
 spears." 
 
 " None ; but they will attack him with 
 great success, as you will see ; they watch 
 their opportunity as he passes, get behind, 
 and drive their spears into his body until the 
 animal is exhausted from loss of blood, and 
 they are so quick that the elephant seldom is 
 able to destroy one of them. They consider 
 
 VOL. I. N
 
 178 THE MISSION. 
 
 the elephant of as high rank as one of their 
 kings, and it is very laughable to hear them, 
 as they wound him, beg pardon of him, and 
 cry out, ' Great man, don't be angry ; great 
 captain, don't kill us.' " 
 
 " But how is it that they can approach 
 so terrible an animal without destruction ? " 
 
 " It is because they do* approach quite 
 close to him. An elephant sees but badly, 
 except straight before him, and he turns with 
 difficulty. The CafFres are within three feet 
 of his tail or flank when they attack, and they 
 attack him in the elephant-paths, which are 
 too narrow for the animal to turn without 
 difficulty ; the great risk that they run is 
 from another elephant breaking out to the 
 assistance of the one attacked." 
 
 " The animals do assist each other, then ? " 
 
 *' Yes; there was a remarkable instance of 
 it in the affair of Lieutenant Moodie. I men- 
 tioned that it was a large male elephant which
 
 THE MISSION. 179 
 
 killed the soldier just after Mr. Moodie's 
 escape. Shortly afterwards a shot from one of 
 the hunters broke the fore-leg of this animal, 
 and prevented him from running, and there it 
 stood to be fired at. The female elephant, 
 which was in the jungle, witnessing the distress 
 of its mate, regardless of her own danger, im- 
 mediately rushed out to his assistance, chasing 
 away the hunters, and walking round and 
 round her mate, constantly returning to his 
 side, and caressing him. When the male 
 attempted to walk, she had the sagacity to 
 place her flank against the wounded side, so 
 as to support him, and help him along. At 
 last the female received a severe wound, and 
 staggered into the bush, where she fell ; and 
 the male was soon after laid prostrate by 
 the side of the poor soldier whom he had 
 killed." 
 
 " There is something very touching in that 
 last portion of your story, Swinton," observed 
 N 2
 
 180 THE MISSION. 
 
 Alexander ; " it really makes one feel a sort of 
 respect for such intelligent and reasoning 
 animals." 
 
 " I think the first portion of the story ought 
 to teach you to respect them also," said the 
 Major. " Seriously, however, I quite agree with 
 you ; their sagacity, as my Indian experience 
 has taught me, is wonderful ; — but here comes 
 supper, and I am not sorry for it." 
 
 " Nor I," replied Alexander. " To-morrow 
 we shall be at the missionary station, if the 
 guides are correct. I am very anxious to get 
 there, I must say. Does not the chief of the 
 Amakosa tribe live close to the Mission-house, 
 — Hinza, as they call him ?" 
 
 " Yes," replied Swinton, " he does, and we 
 must have a present ready for him, for I think 
 it would be advisable to ask an escort of his 
 warriors to go with us after we leave the 
 Mission." 
 
 " Yes, it will be quite as well," replied the 
 Major," and then we shall have some elephant-
 
 THE MISSION. 181 
 
 hunting ; but Bremer tells me that there are 
 plenty of hippopotami in the river there, close 
 to the Mission." 
 
 " Water-elephants," replied Swinton ; " I 
 suppose you will not leave them alone ?" 
 
 " Certainly not, if our commander-in-chief 
 will allow us to stop." 
 
 " I think your commander-in-chief," replied 
 Wilmot, "is just as anxious to have a day's 
 sport with them as you are, Major, so you will 
 certainly have his permission." 
 
 " I think we ought to put Omrah on a 
 horse. He is a nice light weight for a spare 
 horse, if required." 
 
 " Not a bad idea," replied Alexander. 
 " What a tiger he would make for a cab in 
 the park!" 
 
 " More like a monkey/' replied the Major : 
 " but it is time to go to bed ; so, good night."
 
 182 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 The caravan proceeded on the following 
 morning, and by noon they arrived at the 
 Mission station of Butterworth, which was 
 about one hundred and forty miles from the 
 Colonial boundaries. This station had only 
 been settled about three years, but even in 
 that short time it wore an air of civilization 
 strongly contrasted with the savage country 
 around it. The Mission-house was little better 
 than a large cottage, it is true, and the church 
 a sort of barn, but it was surrounded by neat 
 Caffre huts and gardens full of produce. 
 
 On the arrival of the caravan, Mr. S., the
 
 THE MISSION. 183 
 
 missionary, came out to meet the travellers, 
 and to welcome them. He had been informed 
 that they would call at the station, and bring 
 some articles which had been sent for. It 
 hardly need be said that, meeting at such a 
 place, and in such a country, the parties soon 
 became on intimate terms. Mr. S. offered 
 them beds and accommodation in his house, 
 but our travellers refused ; they were well satis- 
 fied with their own ; and having unyoked their 
 oxen, and turned them out to graze with those 
 belonging to the station, they accepted the 
 missionary's invitation to join his repast. 
 
 Alexander having stated the object of his 
 expedition, requested the advice of Mr. S. as 
 to his further proceeding, and asked him 
 whether it would not be advisable to see the 
 Caffre king, and make him a present. This, 
 Mr. S. strongly advised them to do ; and to 
 ask for a party of Caffres to accompany 
 the caravan, which would not only insure
 
 184 THE MISSION. 
 
 them safety, but would prove in many respects 
 very useful. All that would be necessary, would 
 be to find them in food and to promise them 
 a present, if they conducted themselves well. 
 "You are aware," continued he, "that Hinza's 
 domain only extends as far as the Bachee or 
 St. John's River, and you will have to proceed 
 beyond that; but with some of the CafFre 
 warriors, you will have no difficulty, as the 
 tribes further will not only fear your strength, 
 but also the anger of Hinza, should they com- 
 mit any depredation. But things, I regret to 
 say, do not look very peaceable just now." 
 
 " Indeed ! what is the quarrel, and with 
 whom ?" 
 
 " Hinza has quarrelled with a powerful 
 neighbouring chief of the name of Voosani, 
 who reigns over the Tambookie tribes, about 
 some cattle, which are the grand cause of quar- 
 rels in these countries, and both parties are 
 preparing for war. But whether it will take
 
 THE MISSION. 185 
 
 place is doubtful, as they are both threatened 
 with a more powerful enemy, and may pro- 
 bably be compelled to unite, in order to defend 
 themselves." 
 
 " And who may that be ? " 
 
 " Quetoo, the chief of the Amaquabi, is in 
 arms with a large force, and threatens the 
 other tribes to the northward of us ; if he con- 
 quers them, he will certainly come down here. 
 He was formerly one of Chaka's generals, 
 and is, like him, renowned for slaughter. At 
 present he is too far to the nortljward to inter- 
 fere with you, but I should advise you to lose 
 no time in effecting your mission, for should 
 he advance, you will be compelled to retreat 
 immediately. I had better send to Hinza to- 
 morrow to let him know that strangers have 
 come and wish to see him, that they may make 
 him a present. That notice will bring him 
 fast enough ; not but that he well knows you 
 are here, and has known that you have been 
 in his country long ago."
 
 186 THE MISSION. 
 
 " It will be as well, after the information 
 you have given us," said Mr. Swinton. 
 
 " What is your opinion of the Caffres, 
 Mr. S., now that you have resided so long 
 with them ? " 
 
 "They are, for heathens, a fine nation, — bold, 
 frank, and, if any thing is confided to them, 
 scrupulously honest ; but cattle-stealing is cer- 
 tainly not considered a crime among them, 
 although it is punished as one. Speaking as a 
 minister of the Gospel, I should say they are the 
 mostdifiicult nation to have any thing to do with 
 that it ever has been my lot to visit. They 
 have no religion whatever; they have no idols; 
 and no idea of the existence of a God. When 
 I have talked to them about God, their reply is, 
 ' Where is he ? shew him to me.' " 
 
 " But have they no superstitions ? " 
 
 " They believe in necromancy, and have 
 their conjurors, who do much harm, and are 
 our chief opponents, as we weaken their in- 
 fluence and consequently their profits. If
 
 THE MISSION. 187 
 
 cattle are stolen, they are referred to. If a 
 chief is sick, they are sent for to know who has 
 bewitched him ; they must of course mention 
 some innocent person, who is sacrificed imme- 
 diately. If the country is parched from want of 
 rain, which it so frequently is, then the con- 
 jurors are in great demand : they are sent for to 
 produce rain. If after all their pretended mys- 
 teries, the rain does not fall so as to save 
 their reputation, they give some plausible 
 reason, generally ending, however, in the sacri- 
 fice of some innocent individual ; and thus 
 they go on, making excuses and excuses until 
 the rain does fall, and they obtain all the 
 credit of it. I need hardly say that these 
 people are our greatest enemies." 
 
 " Are you satisfied with the success which 
 you have had ? " 
 
 " Yes, I am, when I consider the difficulty to 
 be surmounted. Nothing but the Divine assist- 
 ance could have produced such effects as have
 
 188 
 
 THE MISSION. 
 
 already taken place. The chiefs are to a man 
 opposed to us." 
 
 "Why so?" 
 
 " Because Christianity strikes at the root 
 of their sensuality ; it was the same when it 
 was first preached by our Divine Master. 
 The riches of a CafFre consist not only in 
 his cattle, but in the number of his wives, who 
 are all his slaves. To tell them that polygamy 
 is unlawful and wrong, is therefore almost as 
 much as to tell them that it is not right to 
 hold a large herd of cattle ; and as the chiefs 
 are of course the opulent of the nation, they 
 oppose us. You observe in CafFreland, as 
 elsewhere, it is " hard for a rich man to enter 
 into the kingdom of Heaven." I have asked the 
 chiefs why they will not come to church, and 
 their reply has been, 'The great word is 
 calculated to lessen our pleasures and diminish 
 the number of our wives; to this we can never 
 consent.' "
 
 THE MISSION. 189 
 
 " But still you say you have made some 
 progress." 
 
 " If I have, let it be ascribed to the Lord, 
 and not to me and my otherwise useless 
 endeavours ; it must be His doing, and with- 
 out His aid and assistance, the difficulties 
 would have been insurmountable. It is for me 
 only to bear in mind the scriptural inj unction, 
 ' In the morning sow thy seed, and in the 
 evening withhold not thy hand, for thou 
 knowest not whether shall prosper, either this 
 or that, or whether they both shall be alike 
 good.' " 
 
 " But have they no idea whatever of a 
 Supreme Being, either bad or good ? have they 
 no idea, as some of the African tribes have, of 
 the devil?" 
 
 " None; and in their language they have no 
 word to express the idea of the Deity; they swear 
 by their kings of former days as great chiefs, 
 but no more. Now if they had any religion
 
 190 
 
 THE MISSION. 
 
 whatever, you might, by pointing out to them 
 the falsity and absurdity of that religion, and 
 putting it in juxta-position with revealed 
 Truth, have some hold upon their minds ; but 
 have not even that advantage." 
 
 " But cannot you make an impression upon 
 their minds by referring to the wonders of 
 nature, — by asking them who made the sun 
 and stars ? Surely they might be induced to 
 reflect by such a method." 
 
 " I have tried it a hundred times, and they 
 have laughed at me for my fables, as they have 
 termed them. One of the chiefs told me to 
 hold my tongue, that his people might not 
 think me mad. The Scriptures, indeed, teach 
 us, — that without the aid of direct revelation, 
 men are also without excuse, if they fail to 
 attain to a certain knowledge of the Deity, — 
 " even his eternal power and Godhead,"— by 
 a devout contemplation of the visible world, 
 which with all its wonders is spread out
 
 THE MISSION. 191 
 
 before them as an open volume. But beyond 
 this, all knowledge of the origin or manner of 
 creation is derived, not from the deductions of 
 human reasoning, but from the Divine testi- 
 mony, for it is expressly said, ' Through 
 faith, we understand that the worlds were 
 made by the word of God.' " 
 
 " Nevertheless you must admit that, among 
 the civilized nations of Europe, many who 
 deny revelation and treat the Bible as a fable, 
 acknowledge that the world must have been 
 made by a Supreme Power." 
 
 " My dear Sir, many affect to deny the truth 
 of revelation out of pride and folly, who still, 
 in their consciences, cannot but believe it. 
 Here, there being no belief in a Deity, they 
 will not be persuaded that the world was made 
 by one. Indeed, we have much to contend 
 with, and perhaps one of the greatest diffi- 
 culties is in the translation of the Scriptures. 
 I sit down with an interpreter who cannot 
 read a single word, and with perhaps a most
 
 192 THE MISSION. 
 
 erroneous and imperfect knowledge of divine 
 things. We open the sacred volume, and it is 
 first translated into barbarous Dutch to the 
 CafFre interpreter, who then has to tell us how 
 that Dutch is to be put into the Caffre lan- 
 guage. Now you may imagine what mistakes 
 may arise. I have found out lately that I 
 have been stating the very contrary to what 
 I would have said. With this translation, I 
 stand up to read a portion of the Word of 
 God, for my interpreter cannot read, and hence 
 any slight defect or change in a syllable may 
 give altogether a different sense from what I 
 desire to inculcate." 
 
 " That must be indeed a great difficulty, 
 and require a long residence and full acquaint- 
 ance with the language to overcome." 
 
 " And even then not overcome, for the lan- 
 guage has no words to express abstract ideas ; 
 but the Lord works after his own way, and at 
 his own season." 
 
 " You do not then despair of success ?"
 
 THE MISSION. 193 
 
 " God forbid ; I should be indeed a most 
 unworthy servant of our Divine Master, if I so 
 far distrusted his power. No ; much good has 
 been ah-eady done, as you will perceive when 
 we meet to-morrow to perform divine service ; 
 but there is much more to do, and with His 
 blessing, will in his own good time be per- 
 fected; but I have duties to attend to which 
 call me away for the present ; I shall therefore 
 wish you good-night. At all events, the 
 Mission has had one good effect : you are 
 perfectly safe from Caffre violence and Caffre 
 robbery. This homage is paid to it even by 
 their king and chiefs. 
 
 " I will say, that if we are only to judge by 
 the little we have seen, the Mission appears 
 to have done good," observed the Major. 
 " In the first place, we are no longer perse- 
 cuted, as we have been during our journey, for 
 presents ; and, as you may observe, many of 
 the Caffres about are clothed in European 
 
 VOL. I. o
 
 194 THE MISSION. 
 
 fashions, and those who have nothing but their 
 national undress, I may call it, wear it as 
 decently as they can." 
 
 " I made the same observation," said Alex- 
 ander ; " I am most anxious for to-morrow, 
 as I wish to see how the Caffres behave ; 
 and really, when you consider all the diffi- 
 culties which Mr. S. has mentioned, it is 
 wonderful that he and those who have em- 
 braced the same calling should persevere as 
 they do." 
 
 " My dear Wilmot," replied Mr. Swinton, 
 " a missionary, even of the most humble class, 
 is a person of no ordinary mind ; he does not 
 rely upon himself or upon his own exertions, 
 he relies not upon others or upon the assist- 
 ance of this world ; if he did, he would, as you 
 say, soon abandon his task in despair. No ; 
 he is supported, he is encpuraged, he is pressed 
 on by faith — faith in Him who never deserts 
 those who trust and believe in Him ; he knows
 
 THE MISSION. 195 
 
 that if it is His pleasure, the task will be 
 easy, but at the same time, that it must be at 
 His own good time. Convinced of this, sup- 
 ported by this, encouraged by this, and ven- 
 turing his life for this, he toils on, in full 
 assurance that if he fails, another is to 
 succeed, — that if he becomes a martyr, his 
 blood will moisten the arid soil from which the 
 future seed will spring. A missionary may be 
 low in birth, low in education, as many are; 
 but he must be a man of exalted mind, — what 
 in any other pursuit we might term an enthu- 
 siast ; and in this spreading of the Divine word, 
 he merits respect for his fervour, his courage, 
 and self-devotion ; his willingness, if the Lord 
 should so think fit, to accept the crown of 
 martyrdom." 
 
 " You are right, Swinton ; nothing but what 
 
 you have described could impel a man to pass 
 
 a life of privation and danger among a savage 
 
 race — leaving all, and following his Master in 
 
 o 2
 
 196 THE MISSION. 
 
 the true apostolic sense. Well, they will have 
 their reward." 
 
 " Yes, in Heaven, Wilmot ; not on earth," 
 replied Swinton. 
 
 The next day, being the Sabbath, with the 
 assistance of Mahomed, who was valet as 
 well as cook to the whole party, they divested 
 themselves of their beards, which had not 
 been touched for many days, and dressed 
 themselves in more suitable apparel than their 
 usual hunting costume, — a respect paid to the 
 Sabbath by even the most worldly and most 
 indifferent on religious points. The bell of the 
 Mission Church was tolled, and the natives 
 were seen coming from all directions. Our 
 party went in, and found Mr. S. already there, 
 and that seats had been provided for them. 
 The numbers of natives who were assembled 
 in the church were about 200, but many more 
 were at the windows, and sitting by the open 
 door. Many of them were clothed in some
 
 THE MISSION. 197 
 
 sort of European apparel ; those who were 
 not, drew their krosses close round them, so 
 as to a[)pear more covered. A hymn in the 
 Caffre languag-e was first sunjr, and then 
 prayers, after which the Litany and responses ; 
 the Commandments were repeated in the same 
 language. Mr. S. then read a chapter in the 
 Bible, and explained it to the assembly. Pro- 
 found silence and quiet attention generally 
 prevailed, although in some few instances 
 there was mockery from those outside. Mr. 
 S. gave the blessing, and the service was 
 ended. 
 
 " You have already done much," observed 
 Mr. Swinton. *' I could hardly have believed 
 that a concourse of savages could have been 
 so attentive, and have behaved with such de- 
 corum." 
 
 '* It certainly is the most difficult point 
 gained, — to command their attention, I mean," 
 replied Mr. S. ; " after that, time and patience.
 
 198 THE MISSION. 
 
 with the assistance of God, will effect the 
 rest." 
 
 " Do you think that there are many who, if 
 I may use the term, feel their rehgion ?" 
 
 "Yes, many; and prove it by traveUing 
 about and sowing the seed ; there are many 
 who not only are qualified so to do, but are 
 incessantly labouring to bring their country- 
 men to God." 
 
 " That must be very satisfactory to you." 
 
 " It is ; but what am I, and the few who 
 labour with me, to the thousands and thou- 
 sands who are here in darkness, and require 
 our aid ! There are now but three Missions in 
 all Caffreland ; and there is full employment 
 for two hundred if they could be established. 
 But you must excuse me, I have to catechise the 
 children, 'fvho are my most promising pupils. 
 We will meet again in the evening, for I have 
 to preach at a neighbouring village. Strange 
 to say, many who doubt and waver will listen
 
 THE MISSION. 199 
 
 to me there ; but they aj)pear to think that 
 there is some witchcraft in the Mission Church, 
 or else are afraid to acknowledge to their com- 
 panions that they have been inside of it." 
 
 The missionary then left them, and Alex- 
 ander observed — 
 
 " I don't know how you feel, but I assure 
 you it has been a great pleasure to me to have 
 found myself in this humble church, and 
 hearing divine service in this wild country." 
 
 Both Swinton and Major Henderson ex- 
 pressed the same opinion. 
 
 " I am not afraid of being laughed at," con- 
 tinued Alexander, " when I tell you that I 
 think it most important, wherever we may 
 be during our travels, to keep the Sabbath 
 holy, by rest and reading the service." 
 
 " With pleasure, as far as I am concerned, 
 and I thank you for the proposal," replied 
 Swinton. 
 
 " And I am equally pleased that you have
 
 200 THE MISSION. 
 
 proposed it, Wilmot," said Major Henderson ; 
 " even we may be of service to the good 
 cause if, as we pass through the land, the 
 natives perceive that we respect the Sabbath as 
 the missionary has requested them to do. We 
 are white men, and considered by them as 
 superior ; our example, therefore, may do 
 good." 
 
 The evening was passed away very agree- 
 ably with Mr. S., who was inexhaustible in his 
 anecdotes of the CafFres. He informed them 
 that Hinza intended to call the next morning 
 to receive his presents, and that he would be 
 interpreter for them if they wished it. 
 
 Alexander, having thanked the missionary, 
 said, " I think you mentioned, Sir, that some 
 of your brother missionaries have their wives 
 with them. Since you have told us so much of 
 the precarious tenure by which you hold your 
 ground here, and I may add your lives, I think 
 that the wives of the missionaries must have
 
 THE MISSION. 201 
 
 even more to encounter than their hus- 
 bands." 
 
 " You are right, Sir," replied the mis- 
 sionary ; " there is no situation so trying, so 
 perilous, and I may say, so weary to the mind 
 and body, as that of a female missionary. 
 She has to encounter the same perils and the 
 same hardships as her husband, without hav- . 
 ing the strength of our sex to support them, and, 
 what is more painful than all, she is often left 
 alone at the Mission-house, while her husband, 
 who has left her, is proceeding on his duty, at 
 the hourly peril of his life. There she is alone, 
 and compelled to listen to all the reports and 
 falsehoods which are circulated : at one moment 
 she is told that her husband has been murdered ; 
 at another, that he is still alive. She has no 
 means of hearing from him, as there is no com- 
 munication through the country ; thus is she 
 left in this horrible state of suspense and 
 anxiety, perhaps for many weeks. I have a
 
 202 THE MISSION. 
 
 letter from a brother missionary, which is in my 
 writing-desk, wherein the case in point is well 
 portrayed ; I will get it, and read that portion 
 to you." Mr. S. went to the other end of the 
 room, and came back with a letter, from which 
 he read as follows : — 
 
 " Having been detained among those distant 
 tribes for nearly two months, report upon re- 
 port had been circulated that the interpreters 
 and guide, as well as myself, had all been 
 murdered. On my arrival within forty miles 
 of the station, I was informed that all doubt 
 upon the subject had been removed by a party 
 of natives who had passed the Mission sta- 
 tion, and who pretended an acquaintance with 
 all the particulars of the massacre. We had 
 been travelHng the whole day, and night had 
 come on ; I was most anxious to proceed, that 
 I might relieve the mind of my dear wife, but 
 the earnest remonstrances of my little party, 
 who represented it as certain death to all of 
 
 I
 
 THE MISSION. 203 
 
 US to cross the plains, which were infested 
 with Hons and other savage beasts who were 
 prowling in every direction, at length induced 
 me to wait till the next day. But scarcely 
 had day begun to dawn, when I sallied forth, 
 without either arms or guide, except a pocket 
 compass, leaving my fellow-travellers to bring- 
 on the wagon as soon as they should arouse 
 from their slumbers. This impatience had, 
 however, well-nigh cost me my life, for having 
 to wade through many miles of deep sand with 
 a vertical sun over my head, I had not ac- 
 complished half the journey before my strength 
 began to fail, and an indescribable thirst was 
 induced. Nevertheless, I reached the Mission 
 in safety, and with truly grateful feelings to 
 the great Preserver of Men. A few minutes 
 prior to my arrival, the wife of one of ray bro- 
 ther missionaries, little imagining that I was at 
 hand and alive, had entered our dwelling, to ap- 
 prize my wife of the latest intelligence, confirm-
 
 204 THE MISSION. 
 
 ing all that had been said before respecting 
 my fate, and to comfort her under the distres- 
 sing dispensation. At this affecting crisis, 
 while both were standing in the centre of the 
 room, the one relating, the other weeping, I 
 opened the door, bathed in perspiration, covered 
 with dust, and in a state of complete exhaus- 
 tion. ' Oh, dear !' cried our friend ; ' is it he — 
 or is it his spirit V I must, my dear Sir, leave 
 to your imagination the scene which fol- 
 lowed." « 
 
 " Yes, Sir," said Mr. S., folding up the letter; 
 *'a missionary's wife, who follows him into 
 such scenes and such perils and privations, 
 does, indeed, ' cleave to her husband.' " 
 
 " Indeed she does," replied Mr. Swinton ; 
 " but we will tax you no longer, my dear Sir. 
 Good-night."
 
 205 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 On the following day, a little before noon, 
 loud shouts and men dancing and calling out 
 the titles of the king of the CafFres announced 
 his approach. These men were a sort of 
 heralds, who invariably preceded him on a visit 
 of ceremony. A band of warriors, armed 
 with their assaguays and shields, next made 
 their appearance, and then Hinza, accompanied 
 by fifty of his chief councillors : with the 
 exception of their long krosses of beast-skins 
 thrown over their shoulders, they were all 
 naked, and each daubed with grease and red 
 ochre. As soon as they arrived in front of
 
 206 
 
 THE MISSION. 
 
 the Mission-house, they sat down in a circle 
 on each side of the Caffre king, who was 
 treated with marked respect by all, and by the 
 common people in particular who assembled 
 on his presence. Every one who happened 
 to pass by gave what was termed a 'salute' 
 of honour to the king, who did not appear 
 to consider that it required any acknow- 
 ledgment on his part. 
 
 Our travellers, accompanied by the mis- 
 sionary, advanced unto the circle, and sa- 
 luted his majesty. Mr. S. then explained the 
 object of their journey, and their wish that a 
 small party of the king's warriors should 
 accompany them on their expedition. As 
 soon as the speech was ended, a few pounds 
 of coloured beads, a roll of tobacco, two 
 pounds of snufF, and some yards of scarlet 
 cloth were laid before his majesty as a 
 present. Hinza nodded his head with ap- 
 proval when the articles were spread before
 
 THE MISSION. 207 
 
 him, and ttien turned to his councillors, with 
 whom he whispered some time, and then he 
 replied, " that the strange white men should 
 pass through his country without fear, that 
 his warriors should accompany them as far as 
 they wished to go ; but," he added, "do the 
 strangers know that there is disorder in the 
 country beyond ?" 
 
 Mr. S. replied that they did, and were 
 anxious to go, and return as soon as possible 
 on that account. 
 
 Hinza replied," It is well; if there is danger, 
 my warriors will let them know — if it is 
 necessary, they will fight for them — if the 
 enemy is too strong, the white men must 
 return." 
 
 Hinza then ordered some of his councillors 
 to take charge of the presents, and inquired of 
 Mr. S. how many warriors they wished to 
 have, and when they wished to go. 
 
 The reply was, that fifty warriors would be
 
 208 THE MISSION. 
 
 sufficient, and that they wished to depart on 
 the following morning. " It is well," replied 
 Hinza ; " fifty warriors are enough, for my men 
 eat a great deal — they shall be ready." 
 
 The council then broke up, and the king^ 
 having shaken hands with our travellers, de- 
 parted with his train : towards the evening, an 
 old cow was sent to them as a present from w 
 
 his majesty. The Hottentots soon cut it up and 
 devoured it. Every thing was now arranged 
 for their immediate departure. 
 
 The next morning, at break of day, the 
 band of CafFre warriors were all in readiness, 
 each with his shield and three assaguays in 
 his hand. They were all fine, tall young men, 
 from twenty to thirty years of age. Alexander 
 desired Mr. S. to tell them, that if they 
 behaved well and were faithful, they should 
 every one receive a present when they were 
 dismissed ; a notification which appeared to 
 give general satisfaction. The oxen had
 
 THE MISSION. 209 
 
 already been yoked, and taking leave of the 
 worthy missionary, our travellers mounted 
 their horses, and resumed their journey. For 
 the whole day they proceeded along the 
 banks of the Kae River, which ran its course 
 through alternate glens and hills clothed 
 with fine timber, and as they were on an 
 eminence, looking down upon the river, the 
 head CafFre warrior, who had, with the others, 
 hung up his shield at the side of the wagon, and 
 now walked by our travellers with his assa- 
 guay in his hand, pointed out to them, as the 
 sun was setting behind a hill, two or three large 
 black masses on the further bank of the river. 
 
 " What are they, and what does he say ? " 
 
 " Sea-cows," replied the interpreter. 
 
 " Hippojjotami ! We must have a shot at 
 them, Wilmot," cried the major. 
 
 "To be sure; tell them we will stop and 
 kill one if we can," said Wilmot to the 
 interpreter. 
 
 VOL. I. p
 
 210 THE MISSION. 
 
 "We shall want one to feed our army," said 
 Swinton, laughing, " or our sheep will soon be 
 devoured." 
 
 The Caffres were all immediately in motion, 
 running down to the bank of the river, about 
 a quarter of a mile distant ; they swam across, 
 and there remained waiting till our travellers 
 should give the word. 
 
 The animals laid on a muddy bank, at a 
 turn of the river, like so many swine asleep, 
 some of them out, and some partly in and 
 partly out of the water. As they were 
 huddled together, they looked more like 
 masses of black rock than any thing else. 
 Two laid considerably apart from the others, 
 and it was towards these two that the Caffres, 
 who had crossed the river, crept until they 
 were in the high reeds, but a few yards from 
 them. Henderson and Wilmot, with some of 
 the Hottentots, descended the ravine on their 
 side of tJie river, opposite to where the
 
 THE MISSION. 211 
 
 animals laid, and as soon as they were on 
 the bank, being then within one hundred yards 
 of them, they levelled and fired. At the 
 report, all the animals started up from tiieir 
 beds as if astonished at the noise, which 
 they had not been accustomed to. Three 
 or four instantly plunged into the deep 
 water, but the others, apparently half asleep, 
 stood for a few seconds as if not know- 
 ing what course to take : two of them were 
 evidently wounded, as they rushed into the 
 water ; for they did not remain below, but rose 
 to the surface immediately, as if in great 
 agony. They appeared anxious to get out 
 of the water altogether, and tried so to do, 
 but fearing the people on the river's banks, 
 they darted in again. In the meantime, at 
 the first report of the guns, the two which 
 laid apart from the others with their heads to- 
 wards the river, as soon as they rose on their 
 legs, were pierced with several assaguays by the 
 p 2
 
 212 THE MISSION. 
 
 concealed Caffres, and plunged into the water 
 with the spears remaining in their bodies. 
 These also rose, and floundered like the 
 others ; and as their heads appeared above, 
 they were met with the unerring rifle of the 
 Major and whole volleys from Wilmot and 
 the Hottentots, till, exhausted from loss of 
 blood, they floated dead upon the surface. 
 
 The Caffi-es waited till the bodies had 
 been borne some hundred yards down the 
 stream, that they might not be attacked when 
 in the water by the remainder of the herd, 
 and then swam off", and pushed the bodies on 
 shore. This was a very seasonable supply of 
 provisions for so large a band of people, but 
 those who belonged to the caravan were not 
 the only parties who benefited : all the 
 CaflTres of the surrounding hamlets hastened 
 to the river, and carried off" large quantities 
 of the flesh of the animals ; there was, how- 
 ever, more than enough for all, and for the 
 
 d
 
 THE MISSION. 213 
 
 wolves and hyaenas after they had taken what 
 they chose. It was so late before the animals 
 were cut up, that they decided upon remaining 
 where they were that night, for now that they 
 had the CafFre warriors with them, they had 
 no fear as to losing their oxen, the king having 
 stated that his men should be responsible for 
 them. 
 
 Large fires were lighted, and the Caffres and 
 Hottentots, all mingled together, were busy 
 roasting, boiling, and frying the flesh of the 
 Hippopotamus, and eating it as fast as it was 
 cooked, so that they were completely gorged 
 before they laid down to sleep ; Wilmot had also 
 given them a ration of tobacco each, which had 
 added considerably to the delight of the feast. 
 
 " It is not bad eating by any means," said 
 the Major, as they were at supper. 
 
 " JVo ; it is something like old veal," replied 
 Swinton. " Now, what is Omrah about ? He is 
 after some mischief by the way he creeps along."
 
 214 THE MISSION. 
 
 " A monkey is a fool to that boy," observed 
 the Major, " and he appears to know how to 
 imitate every animal he has ever heard." 
 
 " Did you hear the dance he led some of 
 the Hottentots on Sunday evening, when we 
 were at the Mission ?" 
 
 "No; what was that?" 
 
 " Bremen told me of it ; I thought he would 
 have died with laughing. You are aware that 
 there is a species of bird here which they 
 call the honey bird, by naturalists the cuculus 
 indicator; do you not remember I shewed 
 you a specimen which I was preserving ? " 
 
 " You have shewed us so many specimens, 
 that I really forget." 
 
 " Well, I should have given you at the 
 same time the natural history of the bird. It 
 is very partial to honey, upon which it lives as 
 much as it can ; but as the bees make their 
 hives in the trunks of old decayed trees, and 
 tlie hole they enter by is very small, the bird
 
 THE MISSION. 215 
 
 cannot obtain it without assistance. Its 
 instinct induces it to call in the aid of man, 
 which it does by a peculiar note, like cher- 
 cher-cher, by which it gives notice that it has 
 found out a bee-hive. The natives of Africa 
 well know this, and as soon as the bird flies 
 close to them, giving out this sound, they 
 follow it ; the bird leads them on, perching 
 every now and then, to enable them to keep 
 up with him, until it arrives at the tree, over 
 which it flutters without making any more 
 noise." 
 
 " How very curious !" 
 
 " Little Bushman knows this as well as the 
 Hottentots, and hearing that they were going 
 out in search of honey, he went before them 
 into the wood concealing himself, and imi- 
 tating the note of the bird so exactly, that the 
 Hottentots went on following it for several 
 miles, wondering how it was that the bird 
 should lead them such a distance, but unwiU-
 
 216 THE MISSION. 
 
 ing to give up the pursuit. About sunset, he 
 had brought them back to the very edge of 
 the vv'ood from whence they had started, when 
 he shewed himself about one hundred yards 
 a-head of them, dancing, capering, and 
 tumbhng so like Begum, that they thought it 
 was her before them, and not him ; he 
 gained the caravan again without their know- 
 ing who played them the trick ; but he told 
 Swanevelt, who speaks his language, and 
 Swanevelt told Bremen." 
 
 "Capital!" said the Major; "well, he is 
 after some trick now, depend upon it." 
 
 "He has a great talent for drawing," ob- 
 served Alexander. 
 
 " A very great one ; I have given him a 
 pencil and occasionally a piece of paper, and 
 he draws all the birds, so that I can recognize 
 them ; but you must know that all the Bushmen 
 have that talent, and that their caves are full 
 of the sketches of all sorts of animals, remark-
 
 THE MISSION. 217 
 
 ably characteristic. The organ of imitation is 
 very strongly developed in the Bushmen, which 
 accounts for their talents as draftsmen, and 
 Omrah's remarkable imitative powers." 
 
 " Do you then believe in phrenology, Swin- 
 ton V said Alexander. 
 
 ** I neither believe nor disbelieve in that, 
 and many more modern discoveries of the 
 same kind ; I do not think it right to reject 
 them or to give blind credence. Not a day 
 passes but some discovery excites our wonder 
 and admiration, and points out to us how 
 little we do know. The great fault is, that 
 when people have made a discovery to a cer- 
 tain extent, they build upon it, as if all their 
 premises were correct ; whereas, they have, in 
 fact, only obtained a mere glimmering to light 
 them to a path which may some future day 
 lead to knowledge. That the general princi- 
 ples of phrenology are correct may be fairly 
 assumed, from the examination of the skulls of
 
 218 THE MISSION. 
 
 men and animals and of different men; but I 
 give no credence to all the divisions and sub- 
 divisions which have, in my opinion, been 
 most presumptuously marked out by those 
 who profess, and of course fully believe, the 
 full extent of these supposed discoveries." 
 
 " And Mesmerism V said Alexander. 
 
 " I make the same reply ; there is something 
 in it, that is certain, but nothing yet suffi- 
 ciently known to warrant any specific conclu- 
 sions to be drawn." 
 
 " There is a great deal of humbug in it," 
 said thei Major. 
 
 " So there is in all sciences ; when truth fails 
 them and they are at fault, they fill up the 
 hiatus with supposition ; which is, as you term 
 it, humbug." 
 
 " Well, I vote that we return to our wagons; 
 every body appears fast asleep except us 
 three." 
 
 Such was not, however, the case, for they
 
 THE MISSION. 219 
 
 had not been half an hour on their mattresses, 
 before they weie awakened by loud cries of 
 " help," which made them seize their guns and 
 jump out of the wagons without waiting for 
 their clothes. 
 
 The Hottentots and Caffres were so full 
 of hippopotamus flesh, that the noise did not 
 awake but a small portion of them, and these 
 only turned round and stared about without 
 getting up, with the exception of Bremen, who 
 was on his feet and, with his gun in his hand, 
 running; in the direction of the cries. He was 
 followed by our travellers, and they soon came 
 up with the object of their search, which 
 proved to be no other than Big Adam, the 
 Hottentot ; and as soon as they perceived his 
 condition, which they could do by the light of 
 the fires still burning, they all burst out laugh- 
 ing so excessively, that they could not help 
 him. 
 
 That it was the work of little Omrah,
 
 220 THE MISSION. 
 
 there was no doubt, for Big Adam had not 
 forgotten the former trick the boy had played 
 him, and had more than once, when he caught 
 the boy, given him a good cuffing. Big Adam 
 was on the ground, dragged away by two of 
 the largest dogs ; Omrah had taken the bones 
 he could find with most flesh upon them be- 
 longing to the hippopotamus, and had tied 
 them with leathern thongs to the great toes of 
 Big Adam as he lay snoring after his unusual 
 repast. He had then waited till all were 
 asleep, and had let loose the two largest dogs, 
 which were always tied with the others under 
 the wagons, and not over-fed, to make them 
 more watchful. 
 
 The dogs had prowled about for food, and 
 had fallen in with these large bones, which 
 they immediately seized, and were dragging 
 away, that they might make their repast with- 
 out interruption ; but in attempting to drag 
 away the bones, they had dragged Big Adam
 
 THE MISSION. 221 
 
 some yards by his great toes, and the pain and 
 fright, for the Hottentot thought they were 
 hya3nas or wolves, had caused him thus to 
 scream for help. Bremen divided the thongs 
 with his knife, and the dogs ran off growling 
 with the bones, and Adam stood again upon 
 his feet, still so much terrified as not to be 
 able to comprehend the trick which had been 
 played him. Our travellers having indulged 
 their mirth, retired once more to their resting- 
 places. The Major found Onirah and Begum 
 both in their corners of the wagon, the former 
 pretending to be fast asleep, while the latter 
 was chattering and swearing at the unusual 
 disturbance. 
 
 At daylight the next morning, they re- 
 sumed their journey. Big Adam walked 
 rather stiff, and looked very sulky. Omrah 
 had perched himself on a tilt of the baggage- 
 wagon with Begum, and was quite out of the 
 Hottentot's reach ; for Bremen had told the
 
 222 THE MISSION. 
 
 others what had happened, and there had been 
 a general laugh against Big Adam, who vowed 
 vengeance against little Omrah. The country 
 was now very beautiful and fertile, and the 
 CafFre hamlets were to be seen in all direc- 
 tions. Except visits from the Caffres, who be- 
 haved with great decorum when they perceived 
 that the caravan was escorted by the king's 
 warriors, and who supplied them nearly every 
 day with a bullock for the use of the people, 
 no adventure occurred for four days, when 
 they crossed the Bashee or St. John's River, to 
 which the territories of Hinza extended ; but 
 although the tribes beyond did not acknow- 
 ledge his authority, they respected the large 
 force of the caravan, and were much pleased 
 at receiving small presents of tobacco and 
 snuff". 
 
 Milk, in baskets, was constantly brought 
 in by the women, for the Caffres weave baskets 
 
 J
 
 THE MISSION. 223 
 
 of SO close a texture, that they hold any liquid, 
 and are the only utensil used for that purpose. 
 At the Bashee river, after they had passed the 
 ford, they remained one day to hunt the hip- 
 popotami, and were successful ; only Major 
 Henderson, who was not content to hunt during 
 the day, but went out at night, had a narrow 
 escape. He was in one of the paths, and had 
 wounded a female, and. was standing, watch- 
 ing the rising to the surface of the wounded 
 animal, for it was bright moonlight, when the 
 male, which happened to be feeding on the 
 bank above, hearing the cry of the female, 
 rushed right down the path upon the 
 Major; fortunately for him, the huge carcase 
 of the animal gave it such an ungovern- 
 able degree of velocity, as to prevent it from 
 turning to the right hand or left. It passed 
 within a yard of the Major, sweeping the bushes 
 and underwood, so as to throw him down
 
 224 THE MISSION. 
 
 as it passed. The Major got up again, 
 it may be truly said, more frightened than 
 hurt ; but at all events, he had had enough of 
 hippopotamus-hunting for that night, for he 
 recovered his gun, and walked back to the 
 wagon, thanking Heaven for his providential 
 escape. 
 
 The next morning, Swanevelt and Bremen 
 went down the banks of the river, and dis- 
 covered the body of the hippopotamus, which 
 they dragged on shore, and, returning to the 
 wagons, sent the CafFres to cut it up ; but be- 
 fore the Caftres belonging to the caravan 
 could arrive there, they found that the work had 
 been done for them by the natives, and that 
 nothing was left but the bones of the animal ; 
 but this is always considered fair in the Caffre- 
 land ; every one helps himself when an elephant 
 or other large animal is killed, although he 
 may have had no hand in its destruction. The 
 number of elephant paths now shewed them
 
 THE MISSION. 225 
 
 that they were surrounded by these animals, 
 and the Caff'res of the country said that there 
 were large herds close to them. 
 
 It was therefore proposed by the Major, that 
 they should have a grand elephant hunt, at 
 which all the CafFres of their own party and the 
 natives of the country should assist. This pro- 
 posal was joyfully received, by all, especially 
 the natives, v/ho were delighted at such an op- 
 portunity of having the assistance of the white 
 men's guns ; and the next day was appointed 
 for the sport. By the advice of the natives, 
 the caravan, proceeded some miles down to 
 the eastward, to the borders of a very thick 
 forest, where they stated that the elephants 
 were to be found. 
 
 They arrived at the spot in the afternoon, 
 and every one was busy in making prepara- 
 tions for the following day. The Hottentots, 
 who had been used to the sport, told long 
 stories to those who had not, and among the 
 
 VOL. I. Q
 
 226 THE MISSION. 
 
 rest, Big Adam spoke much of his prowess 
 and dexterity. Uncommonly large fires were 
 lighted that night, for fear that the elephants 
 should break into the camp. All night their 
 cries were to be heard in the forest, and oc- 
 casionally the breaking of the branches of the 
 trees proved that they were close to the cara- 
 van. Begum, who was particularly alive to 
 danger, crept to Major Henderson's bed, and 
 would remain there all night, although he 
 several times tried to drive her away. Not- 
 withstanding continued alarms, the caravan 
 was, however, unmolested.
 
 227 
 
 CHAPTER XIII. 
 
 At daylight the following morning, there 
 was a large concourse of Caffres in the camp 
 all waiting till our travellers were ready for 
 the sport. Having made a hasty breakfast, 
 they, by the advice of tlie Caffres, did not 
 mount their horses, but started on foot, as the 
 Caffres stated that tlie elephants were on the 
 other side of the hill. Ascending by an 
 elephant path, in less than half an hour they 
 arrived at the top of the hill, when a grand 
 and magnificent panorama was spread before 
 them. From the crown of the hill, they 
 looked down upon a valley studded with 
 Q 2
 
 228 THE MISSION. 
 
 clumps of trees, which divided the cleared 
 ground, and the whole face of the valley was 
 covered with elephants. There could not 
 have been less than nine hundred at one time 
 within the scope of their vision. 
 
 Every height, every green knoll was dot- 
 ted with groups of six or seven, some of 
 their vast bodies partly concealed by the 
 trees upon which they were browsing, others 
 walking in the open plain, bearing in their 
 trunks a long branch of a tree, with which 
 they evidently protected themselves from the 
 flies. The huge bodies of the animals, with 
 the corresponding magnitude of the large 
 timber trees which surrounded them, gave an 
 idea of nature on her grandest scale. 
 
 After a few minutes' survey, they turned to 
 the party who were collected behind them, 
 and gave notice that they were to commence 
 immediately. The head men of the CafFres gave 
 their orders, and the bands of natives moved
 
 THE MISSION. 229 
 
 silently away in every direction, checking any 
 noise from the dogs which they had brought with 
 them in numerous packs. Our travellers were 
 to leeward of the herd on the hill where they 
 stood, and as it was the intention of the 
 natives to drive the animals towards them, 
 the CafFre warriors as well as the Hottentots 
 all took up positions on the hill, ready to 
 attack the animals as they were driven that 
 way. 
 
 About an hour passed away when the signal 
 was given by some of the native Caffres, 
 who had gained the side of the valley 
 to westward of the elephants. Perched up 
 at various high spots, they shouted with sten- 
 torian lungs, and their shouts were answered 
 by the rest of the Caffres on every side of the 
 valley, so that the elephants found themselves 
 encompassed on all sides, except on that where 
 the hill rose from the valley. As the Caffres 
 closed in, their shouts reverberating from the
 
 230 THE MISSION. 
 
 rocks, and mixed up with the savage howlings 
 of the dogs, became tremendous ; and the 
 elephants, alarmed, started first to one side of 
 the valley, then to the other, hastily retreating 
 from the clamour immediately raised as they 
 approached, shaking their long ears and 
 trumpeting loudly as with uplifted trunks they 
 trotted to and fro. 
 
 At last, finding no other avenue of escape, 
 the herd commenced the ascent of the hill, 
 cracking the branches and boughs, and rolling 
 the loose stones down into the valley, as 
 they made their ascent, and now adding their 
 own horrid shrieks to the din which had 
 been previously created. Oh they came, 
 bearing every thing down before them, carry- 
 ing havoc in their rage to such an extent, 
 that the forest appeared to bow down before 
 them ; while large masses of loose rock leaped 
 and bounded and thundered down into the val- 
 ley, raising clouds of dust in their passage.
 
 THE MISSION. 231 
 
 " This is tremendously grand," whispered 
 Alexander to the Major. 
 
 " It is most awfully so ; I would not have 
 missed the sight for any thing ; but here they 
 come — look at that tall tree borne down by the 
 weight of the whole mass." 
 
 " See, the great bull leader," said Swinton ; 
 " let us all fire upon him — what a monster !" 
 
 " Look out," said the Major, whose rifle 
 was discharged as he spoke, and was quickly 
 followed by those of Alexander and Swinton. 
 
 " He's down, be quick and load again. 
 Omrah, give me the other rifle." 
 
 " Take care ! take care !" was now cried on 
 all sides, for the fall of the leading elephant 
 and the volleys of musquetry from the Hot- 
 tentots had so frightened the herd, that they 
 had begun to separate and break off two or 
 three together, or singly, in every direction. 
 The shrieks and trumpetings, and the crashing 
 of the boughs so near to them, were now deaf-
 
 232 THE MISSION. 
 
 ening; and the danger was equally great. 
 The Major had but just levelled his other rifle 
 when the dense foliage close to him opened as 
 if by magic, and the head of a large female 
 presented itself within four yards of him. 
 
 Fortunately, the Major was a man of great 
 nerve, and his rifle brought her down at his 
 feet, when so near to him that he was com- 
 pelled to leap away out of the reach of the 
 trunk, for she was not yet dead. Another 
 smaller elephant followed so close, that it 
 tumbled over the carcase of the first, and 
 was shot by Alexander as it was recovering 
 its legs. 
 
 " Back, Sirs, or you will be killed," cried 
 Bremen, running to them; "this way — 
 the whole herd are coming right upon you." 
 They ran for their lives, following the- Hot- 
 tentot, who brought them to a high rock 
 which the elephants could not climb, and 
 where they were safe.
 
 THE MissiOiV. 233 
 
 They had hardly gained it when the mass 
 came forward in a cloud of dust, and with 
 a noise almost inconceivable, scrambling and 
 rolling to and fro as they pressed on in a close- 
 wedged body. Many were wounded and tot- 
 tering, and as they were left behind, the Caffres 
 naked, with their assaguays in their hands, 
 leaping forward and hiding, as required, run- 
 ning with the greatest activity, close up to 
 the rear of the animals, either pierced them 
 with their assaguays, or hamstrung them 
 with their sharp-cutting weapons, crying 
 out in their own tongue, to the elephants, 
 " Great captain ! don't kill us — don't tread upon 
 us, mighty chief!" — supplicating, strangely 
 enough, the mercy of those to whom they were 
 shewing none. As it was almost impossible to 
 fire without a chance of hitting a CafFre, our 
 travellers contented themselves with looking 
 on, till the whole herd had passed by, and had 
 disappeared in the jungle below.
 
 234 THE MISSION. 
 
 " They have gone right in the direction of 
 the wagons," said Swinton. 
 
 " Yes, Sir," replied the Hottentot Bremen ; 
 " but we must not interfere with them any 
 more ; they are now so scattered in the jungle, 
 that it would be dangerous. We must let 
 them go away as fast as they can," 
 
 They remained for a few minutes more, till 
 every elephant and Caffre had disappeared, 
 and then went back cautiously to the spot 
 from whence they had first fired ; and where 
 they had such a fine prospect of the valley. 
 Not an elephant was to be seen in it ; nothing 
 but the ravages which the herd had com- 
 mitted upon the trees, many of which, of a 
 very large size, had been borne to the ground 
 by the enormous strength of these animals. 
 They then proceeded to the spot where the 
 great bull elephant had fallen by the rifle of 
 Major Henderson. 
 
 They found that the ball had entered just
 
 THE MISSION. 236 
 
 under the eye. It was a monster that must 
 have stood sixteen feet high by Bremen's cal- 
 culation, and it had two very fine tusks. While 
 they were standing by the carcase of the 
 animal, the armed Hottentots returned from 
 the pursuit, and stated that seven elephants 
 had been despatched^ and others were so 
 wounded that they could not live. They now 
 set to work, to take the teeth out of the 
 animal, and were very busy, when a Hottentot 
 came running up, and reported that the herd of 
 elephants in their retreat had dashed through 
 the camp, and done a great deal of mischief; 
 that a male elephant had charged the wagon of 
 Major Henderson, and had forced his tusk 
 through the side; that the tusk had pierced 
 one of the casks of liquor, which was run- 
 ning out, although not very fast, and that the 
 wagon must be unloaded to get out the cask 
 and save the rest of the liquor. 
 
 Several Hottentots immediately hurried back 
 with him to help in unloading the wagon, and by
 
 236 THE MISSION. . ^ 
 
 degrees they all slipped away except Bremen, 
 Swanevelt, who was cutting out the tusks, 
 and Omrah, who remained perched upon the 
 huge carcase of the animal, imitating the 
 trumpeting and motions of the elephant, and 
 playing all sorts of antics. A party of 
 Caffres soon afterwards came up and com- 
 menced cutting up the carcase, and then our 
 travellers walked away in the direction of the 
 camp, to ascertain what mischief had been 
 done. 
 
 On their return, which, as they stopped 
 occasionally to examine the other animals 
 that had fallen, must have taken an hour, 
 they found that the Hottentots had not com- 
 menced unloading the wagon ; although they 
 had put tubs to catch the running liquor, of 
 which they had taken so large a quantity 
 that some were staggering about, and the rest 
 lying down in a state of senseless intoxication. 
 
 " I thought they were very officious, in going 
 back to assist," observed the Major ; " a pretty
 
 THE MISSION. 237 
 
 mess we should be in, if we were in an enemy's 
 country, and without our CafFre guard." 
 
 " Yes, indeed," repUed Alexander, turning 
 over the tubs of liquor, and spilling it on the 
 ground, much to the sorrow of the Hottentots 
 who were not yet insensible ; " however, we 
 will now let the cask run out, and watch that 
 they get no more." 
 
 As the Caffres were busy with the carcases 
 of the elephants, and most of the Hottentots 
 dead-drunk, it was useless to think of pro- 
 ceeding until the following day. Indeed, the 
 oxen and horses were all scattered in every 
 direction, by the elephants breaking into the 
 caravan, and it would be necessary to collect 
 them, which would require some time. Our 
 travellers, therefore, gave up the idea of pro- 
 ceeding further that day, and taking their 
 guns, walked on to the forest, in the direc- 
 tion where most of ihe elephants killed had 
 fallen. They passed by three carcases, 
 upon which the Catires were busily employed,
 
 238 THE MISSION. 
 
 and then they came to a fourth, when a sight 
 presented itself which quite moved their sym- 
 pathy. It was the carcase of a full-grown 
 female, and close to it was an elephant calf, 
 about three feet and a half high, standing by 
 the side of its dead mother. 
 
 The poor little animal ran round and round 
 the body with every demonstration of grief, 
 piping sorrowfully, and trying in vain to raise 
 it up with its tiny trunk. When our travellers 
 arrived, it ran up to them, entwining its little 
 proboscis round their legs, and shewing its 
 delight at finding somebody. On the trees, 
 round the carcase, were perched a num- 
 ber of vultures, waiting to make a meal of 
 the remains, as soon as the hunters had cut 
 it up, for their beaks could not penetrate the 
 tough hide. Our travellers remained there 
 for more than an hour, watching the mo- 
 tions and playing with the young elephant, 
 which made several attempts to induce its 
 prostrate mother to take notice of it. Finding,
 
 THE MISSION. 239 
 
 however, that all its efforts were ineffectual, 
 when our travellers quitted the spot to go 
 back, it voluntarily followed them to the cara- 
 vans, where it remained, probably quite as 
 much astonished to find all the Hottentots 
 lying about as insensible as its mother. 
 
 It may be as well here to observe, that the 
 little animal did not live beyond a very few 
 days after, from want of its necessary food. 
 
 In the evening, Bremen and Swanevelt re- 
 turned with the tusks of the bull elephant, 
 which were very large, and the Caffre war- 
 riors also came in ; the other Caffres belong- 
 ing to the country were too busy eating 
 for the present. The chief of the Caffre war- 
 riors brought in the tufts of the other elephants' 
 tails and the teeth, and the men were loaded 
 with the flesh. As soon as the Caffres found 
 that the oxen and horses had been frightened 
 away, and perceived that the Hottentots were 
 not in a situation to go after them, they threw
 
 240 THE MISSION. 
 
 down their meat and went in pursuit. Before 
 night, the cattle were all brought back ; the 
 fires were lighted, and the CafFres did not give 
 over their repast until near midnight. 
 
 Our travellers did not think it advisable, as 
 the Hottentots were now nq protection, to go to 
 bed ; they made up a large fire, and remained by 
 it, talking over the adventures of the day. 
 While they were conversing. Begum, who had 
 been sitting by her master, shewed signs of 
 uneasiness, and at last clung round the Major 
 with an evident strong fear. 
 
 " Why, what can be the matter with the 
 Princess ?" said the Major ; " something has 
 frightened her." 
 
 "Yes, that is evident; perhaps there is an 
 elephant near ; shall we waken Bremen and 
 Swanevelt, who are close to us ?" 
 
 Begum chattered, and her teeth also chatter- 
 ed with fear as she clung closer and closer. 
 Little Omrah, who was sitting by, looked very
 
 THE MISSION. 241 
 
 earnestly at the baboon, and at last touching 
 the shoulder of Alexander to attract his atten- 
 tion, he first pointed to the baboon, imitating 
 its fright, and then going on his hands and 
 feet, imitated the motions and growl of an 
 animal. 
 
 " I understand," cried the Major, seizing his 
 gun ; " the lad means that there is a lion near, 
 and that is what frightens the baboon." 
 
 " Lion !" said the Major to Omrah. 
 
 But Omrah did not understand him; but 
 pulling out his paper and pencil, in a second 
 almost, he drew the form of a lion. 
 
 " Clever little fellow ! Wake them all, and 
 get your guns ready," said the Major, starting 
 on his legs ; " it can't be far off; confound the 
 monkey, she won't let go," continued he, tear- 
 ing off Begum and throwing her away. Be- 
 gum immediately scampered to the wagon and 
 hid herself. 
 
 They had just wakened up the two Hotten- 
 
 VOL. I. R
 
 242 THE MISSION. 
 
 tots, when a roar was given so loud and tre- 
 mendous, that it appeared Hke thunder, and 
 was reverberated from the rocks opposite for 
 some seconds. 
 
 No one but those who have been in the 
 country, and have fallen in with this animal in 
 its wild and savage state, can have any idea 
 of the appalling effect of a hon's roar. What 
 is heard in a menagerie is weak, and can give 
 but a famt conception of it. In the darkness 
 of the night, it is almost impossible to tell from 
 what quarter the sound proceeds ; this arises 
 from the habit which ^the animal has of placing 
 his mouth close to the ground when he roars, 
 so that liis voice rolls over the earth, as it were 
 like a breaker, and the sound is carried along 
 with all its tremendous force. It is indeed a 
 most awful note of preparation, and so thought 
 Alexander, who had never heard one before. 
 
 The Caffres had wakened up at the noise, 
 and our travellers and the Hottentots now
 
 THE MISSION. 243 
 
 fired their guns off in every direction to scare 
 away the animal. Repeated discharges had 
 this effect, and in the course of half an hour, 
 every thing was again quiet. 
 
 " Well," observed Alexander, " this is the 
 first time that I ever heard the roar of a lion in 
 its wild state, and I can assure you that I shall 
 never forget it as long as I live." 
 
 " It is not the first time that I have heard 
 it," replied the Major; " but I must say, what 
 with the darkness and stillness of the night 
 and the reverberation, I never heard it so awful 
 before. But you, Swinton, who have travelled 
 in the Namaqua-land, have, of course." 
 
 " Yes, I have, but very seldom." 
 
 " But it is rather singular that we have not 
 heard the lion before this, is it not ?" said 
 Alexander. 
 
 " The lion is often very near without giving 
 you notice," replied Swinton; "but I do 
 not think that there are many lions in the 
 r2
 
 244 THE MISSION. 
 
 country we have traversed ; it is too populous. 
 On the other side of the mountains, if we re- 
 turn that way, we shall find them in plenty. 
 Wherever the antelopes are in herds, wherever 
 you find the wild horse, zebra, and giraffe, you 
 will as certainly find the lion, for he preys upon 
 them." 
 
 "I know very well, Swinton, that you are 
 closely attentive to the peculiar habits of ani- 
 mals, and that they form a portion of your 
 study. Have you much knowledge of the lion ? 
 and if so, suppose you tell us something about 
 him." 
 
 " I have certainly studied the habits of the 
 lion, and what I have gathered from my own 
 observation and the information I have re- 
 ceived from others, I shall be most happy to 
 communicate. The lion undoubtedly does not 
 kill wantonly — of that I have had repeated in- 
 stances. I recollect one which is rather re- 
 markable, as it shewed the sagacity of the
 
 THE MISSION. 245 
 
 noble brute. A man who belonged to one of 
 the Mission stations, on his return home from 
 a visit to his friends, took a circuitous route to 
 pass by a pool of water, at which he hoped to 
 kill an antelope. The sun had risen to some 
 height when he arrived there, and as he could 
 not perceive any game, he laid his gun down 
 on a low shelving rock, the back part of which 
 was covered with some brushwood. He went 
 down to the pool, and had a hearty drink, re- 
 turned to the rock, and after smoking his pipe, 
 feeling weary, he lay down and fell fast 
 asleep. 
 
 " In a short time, the excessive heat reflected 
 from the rock awoke him, and opening his 
 eyes, he perceived a large lion about a yard 
 from his feet crouched down, with his eyes 
 glaring on his face. For some minutes he re- 
 mained motionless with fright, expecting every 
 moment that he would be in the jaws of the 
 monster ; at last he recovered his presence of
 
 246 THE MISSION. 
 
 mind, and casting his eye towards his gun, 
 moved his hand slowly towards it ; upon 
 which the lion raised up his head and gave a 
 tremendous roar, which induced him hastily 
 to withdraw his hand. With this the lion 
 appeared satisfied, and crouched with his head 
 between his fore-paws as before. After a little 
 while, the man made another attempt to pos- 
 sess himself of his gun ; the lion raised his 
 head and gave another roar, and the man de- 
 sisted ; another and another attempt were at 
 intervals made, but always with the same 
 anger shewn on the part of the lion. 
 
 " Why, the lion must have known what he 
 wanted the gun for." 
 
 " Most certainly he did, and therefore would 
 not allow the man to touch it. It is to be pre- 
 sumed that the sagacious creature had been 
 fired at before ; but you observe, that he did 
 not wish to harm the man. He appeared to
 
 THE MISSION. 247 
 
 say — You are in my power; you shall not go 
 away; you shall not take your musket to shoot 
 me with, or I will tear you to pieces." 
 
 " It certainly was very curious. Pray how 
 did it end ?" 
 
 " Why, the heat of the sun on the rock was 
 so overpowering, that the man was in great 
 agony ; his naked feet ^ere so burnt, that he 
 was compelled to keep moving them, by placing 
 one upon the other and changing them every 
 minute. The day passed and the night also ; 
 the lion never moved from the spot. The sun 
 rose again and the heat became so intense that 
 the poor man's feet were past all feeling. At 
 noon, on that day, the lion rose and walked to 
 the pool, which was only a few yards distant, 
 looking behind him every moment to see if the 
 man moved ; the man once more attempted to 
 reach his gun, and the lion perceiving it, turned 
 in a rage, and was on the point of springing
 
 248 THE MISSION. 
 
 upon him ; the man withdrew his hand and the 
 beast was pacified." 
 
 " How very strange !" 
 
 " The animal went to the water and drank ; 
 it then returned and lay down at the same 
 place as before, about a yard from the man's 
 feet. Another night passed away and the lion 
 kept at his post. The next day, in the forenoon, 
 the animal again went to the water, and while 
 there, he looked as if he heard a noise in an 
 opposite quarter, and then disappeared in the 
 bushes. 
 
 " Perceiving this, the man made an effort 
 and seized his gun, but in attempting to 
 rise he found it not in his power, as the strength 
 of his ancles was gone. With his gun in his 
 hand he crept to the pool and drank, and looking 
 at his feet, he discovered that his toes had been 
 quite roasted and the skin torn off as he crawled 
 through the grass. He sat at the pool for a 
 few moments, expecting the lion's return, and
 
 THE MISSION. 249 
 
 resolved to send the contents of his gun 
 through his head ; but the lion did not return, 
 so the poor fellow tied his gun on his back and 
 crawled away on his hands and knees as well 
 as he could. He was quite exhausted, and 
 could have proceeded no farther, when provi- 
 dentially a person fell in with him and as- 
 sisted him home ; but he lost his toes, and 
 was a cripple for life." 
 
 " What makes this story more remarkable, 
 is," observed the Major, " that the lion, as 
 it is rational to suppose, must have been 
 hungry after watching the man for sjxty hours, 
 even admitting that he had taken a meal but 
 a short time before." 
 
 " I know many other very curious and well- 
 authenticated anecdotes about this noble 
 animal," observed Swinton, " which I shall be 
 happy to give you ; but I must look at my 
 memorandum-book, or I may not be quite cor- 
 rect in my story. One fact is very remarkable,
 
 250 THE MISSION. 
 
 and as I had it from Mr. , the missionary, 
 
 who stated that he had several times observed 
 it himself, I have no hesitation in vouching for 
 its correctness, the more so, as I did once per- 
 ceive a similar fact myself; it is, that the fifth 
 commandment is observed by the lions — they 
 honour their father and mother. 
 
 "If an old lion is in company with his 
 children, as the natives call them, although 
 they are in size equal to himself; or if a number 
 of lions meet together in quest of game, there 
 is always one who is admitted by them to be 
 the oldest and ablest, and who leads. If the 
 game is come up with, it is this one who creeps 
 up to it and seizes it, while the others lie 
 crouched upon the grass ; if the old lion is suc- 
 cessful, which he generally is, he retires from 
 his victim and lies down to breath himself and 
 rest for perhaps a quarter of an hour. The 
 others in the meantime draw round and lie 
 down at a respectful distance, but never pre-
 
 THE MISSION. 251 
 
 sume to go near the animal which the old lion 
 has killed. As soon as the old lion considers 
 himself sufficiently rested, he goes up to the 
 prey and commences at the breast and stomach, 
 and after eating a considerable portion, he will 
 take a second rest, none of the others presum- 
 ing to move. 
 
 " Having made a second repast, he then re- 
 tires; the other lions watch his motions, and all 
 rush to the remainder of the carcase, which is 
 soon devoured. I said that I witnessed an 
 instance myself in corroboration of this state- 
 ment, which I will now mention. I was 
 sitting on a rock after collecting some 
 plants, when below me I saw a young lion 
 seize an antelope ; he had his paw upon the 
 dead animal, when the old lion came up, — 
 upon which the young one immediately re- 
 tired till his superior had dined first, and then 
 came in for the remainder. Mercy on us! what 
 is that ?"
 
 252 THE MISSION. 
 
 " I thought it was the lion again," said 
 Alexander, " but it is thunder ; we are about to 
 have a storm." 
 
 " Yes, and a fierce one too," said the 
 Major J " I am afraid that we must break 
 up our party and retire under cover. We 
 have some large drops of rain already." 
 
 A flash of lightning now dazzled them, 
 and was followed by another, and an instan- 
 taneous peal of thunder. 
 
 " There is no mistake in this," said 
 Swinton, " and I can tell you that we shall 
 have it upon us in less than a minute, so I am 
 for my wagon." 
 
 " At all events it will wash these Hottentots 
 sober," observed the Major, as they all 
 walked away to their separate wagons for 
 shelter. 
 
 1
 
 253 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 They had scarcely gained the wagons before 
 the thunder and liohtninfr became incessant, 
 and so loud as to be deafening. It appeared 
 as if they were in the very centre of the 
 contending elements, and the wind rose 
 and blew with terrific force, while the rain 
 poured down as if the floodgates of heaven 
 were indeed opened. The lightning was so 
 vivid, that for the second that it lasted you 
 could see the country round to the horizon 
 almost as clear as day ; the next moment all 
 was terrific gloom accompanied by the stun- 
 ning reports of the thunder, which caused
 
 254 THE MISSION. 
 
 every article in the wagons, and the wagons 
 themselves, to vibrate from the concussion. A 
 large tree, not fifty yards from the caravan, was 
 struck by the lightning and came down with 
 an appalling crash. The Caffres had all roused 
 up, and had sheltered themselves under the 
 wagons. 
 
 The Hottentots had also begun to move, but 
 had not yet recovered their senses — indeed, 
 they were again stupified by the clamour of 
 the elements. The storm lasted about an 
 hour, and then as suddenly it cleared up 
 again ; the stars again made their appearance 
 in the sky above, and the red tinge of the 
 horizon announced the approach of daylight. 
 When the storm ceased, our travellers, who 
 had not taken off their clothes, came out from 
 their shelter, and met each other by the side 
 of the extinguished fire. 
 
 " Well," said Alexander, " I have been 
 made wise on two points this night ; I now 
 
 J
 
 THE MISSION. 255 
 
 know what an African storm is, and also the 
 roar of an African lion. Have you heard if 
 there is any mischief done, Bremen ?" con- 
 tinued Alexander, to the Hottentot, who stood 
 by. 
 
 " No, Sir ; but I am afraid it will take us a 
 long while to collect the cattle; they will be 
 dispersed in all directions, and we may have 
 lost some of them. It will soon be daylight, 
 and then we must set off after them," 
 
 "Are those fellows quite sober now ?" 
 
 " Yes, Sir," replied Bremen, laughing ; 
 " water has washed all the liquor out of 
 them." 
 
 " Well, you may tell them, as a punishment^ 
 I shall stop their tobacco for a week." 
 
 " Better not now. Sir," said Bremen, 
 thoughtfully ; " the men don't like to go further 
 up the country, and they may be trouble- 
 some." 
 
 " I think so too," said Swinton; " you must
 
 256 THE MISSION. 
 
 recollect that the cask was running out, and 
 the temptation was too strong. I should over- 
 look it this time. Give them a severe repri- 
 mand, and let them off." 
 
 " I believe it will be the best way," replied 
 Alexander ; " not that I fear their refusing to 
 go on, for if they do, I will dismiss them, and 
 go on with the CafFres; they dare not go 
 back by themselves, that is certain." 
 
 " Sir," said Bremen, " that is very true ; but 
 must not trust the CafFres too much — Caffres 
 always try to get guns and ammunition : 
 Caffre king, Hinza, very glad to get the 
 wagons, and what is in them ; make him rich 
 man, and powerful man, with so many guns. 
 CafFre king will not rob in his own country, 
 because he is afraid of the Enghsh ; but if the 
 wagon 's robbed, and you all killed in this 
 country, which is not his, then he make 
 excuses, and say, I know nothing about it. 
 Say that their people do it, not his people."
 
 THE MISSION. 257 
 
 " Bremen talks very sensibly," said the 
 Major ; " we must keep the Hottentots as 
 a check to the Caffres, and the CafFres as 
 a check to the Hottentots." 
 
 " That is our policy, depend upon it," 
 replied Swinton. 
 
 "You are right, and we will do so; but 
 the day is breaking ; so, Bremen, collect the 
 people together to search for the cattle; and, 
 Omrah, tell Mahomed to come here." 
 
 " By the bye, Swinton," said Major Hender- 
 son, " those elephants' tusks lying by the 
 wagon remind me of a question I want to 
 put to you : — In Ceylon, where I have often 
 hunted the elephant, they have no tusks ; 
 and in India the tusks are not common, and in 
 general very small. How do you account for 
 this variety ?" 
 
 " It has been observed before ; and it is but 
 a fair surmise, that Providence, ever attentive 
 to the wants of the meanest animals, has 
 
 VOL. I. 8
 
 258 THE MISSION. 
 
 furnished such large tusks to the African 
 elephant for the necessity which requires 
 them. In Ceylon there is plenty of grass, 
 and an abundant supply of water all the year 
 round ; and further, in Ceylon, the elephant 
 has no enemy to defend himself against. 
 Here in Africa, the rivers are periodical 
 torrents, which dry up, and the only means 
 which an elephant has of obtaining water 
 during the dry season is to dig with his 
 tusks into the bed of the river, till he finds 
 the water, which he draws up with his trunk. 
 Moreover, he has to defend himself against 
 the rhinoceros, which is a formidable anta- 
 gonist, and often victorious. He requires 
 tusks also for his food in this country, for the 
 elephant digs up the mimosa here with his 
 tusks, that he may feed upon the succulent 
 roots of the tree. Indeed, an elephant in 
 Africa without his tusks could not well 
 exist."
 
 THE MISSION. 259 
 
 " Thank you for your explanation, which 
 appears very satisfactory and conclusive; and 
 now let us go to breakfast, for Mahomed,. 
 I perceive, is ready, and Omrah has displayed 
 our tea-cups, and is very busy blowing into the 
 spout of the tea-pot, a Bushman way of ascer- 
 taining if it is stopped up. However, we 
 must not expect to make a London footman 
 out of a ' Child of the Desert.' " 
 
 " Where is his adversary and antagonist, 
 the valiant Big Adam ?" 
 
 "He was among those who indulged in the 
 liquor yesterday afternoon, and I believe was 
 worse than any one of them. The little Bush- 
 man did not fail to take advantage of his 
 defenceless state, and has been torturing him 
 in every way he could imagine during the 
 whole night. I saw him pouring water into 
 the Hottentot's mouth as he lay on his back 
 with his mouth wide open, till he nearly ch jked 
 him. To get it down faster, Omrah had 
 s2
 
 260 THE MISSION. 
 
 taken the big tin funnel, and had inserted one 
 end into his mouth, which he filled till the 
 water ran out ; after that, he was trying what 
 he could do with fire, for he began putting 
 hot embers between Big Adam's toes — I dare 
 say the fellow cannot walk to-day." 
 
 " I fear that, some day, he will kill Omrah, 
 or do him some serious injury ; the boy must 
 be cautioned," said Alexander. 
 
 " I am afraid it will be of no use, and 
 Omrah must take his chance — he is aware of 
 Big Adam's enmity as well as you are, and 
 is always on his guard ; but as for persuad- 
 ing him to leave off his tricks or to reconcile 
 them to each other, it is impossible," said 
 Swinton — " you don't know a Bushman." 
 
 " Then pray tell us something about them," 
 said the Major, " as soon as you have finished 
 that elephant's steak, which you appear to 
 approve of. Of what race are the Bushmen ? " 
 
 " I will tell you when I have finished my
 
 THE MISSION. 261 
 
 breakfast," replied Swinton, " and not before — 
 if I begin to talk, you will eat all the steak, 
 and that won't do." 
 
 " I suspect that we shall not leave this to- 
 day," said Alexander. " If, as Bremen says, the 
 cattle have strayed very far, it will be too late to 
 go in the afternoon, and to-morrow you recol- 
 lect is Sunday, and that, we have agreed, 
 shall be kept as it ought to be." 
 
 "Very true," said the Major; " then we must 
 make Swinton entertain us, by telling us more 
 about the lions, for he had not finished when 
 the storm came on." 
 
 " No," replied Swinton ; '* I had a great 
 deal more to say, and I shall be very happy 
 at any seasonable time. Major, to tell you 
 what I know — but not just now." 
 
 " My dear fellow," said the Major, putting 
 another piece of elephant's steak upon 
 Swinton's plate, " pray don't entertain the 
 idea that I want you to talk on purpose that I
 
 262 THE MISSION. 
 
 may eat your share and my own too ; only 
 ascribe my impatience to the true cause — the 
 dehght I have in receiving instruction and 
 amusement from you." 
 
 " Well, Swinton, you have extorted a com- 
 pliment from the Major." 
 
 " Yes, and an extra allowance of steak, which 
 is a better thing," replied Swinton, laughing. 
 " Now I have finished my breakfast, I will 
 tell what I know about Omrah's people. 
 
 "The Bushmen are originally a Hottentot 
 race — of that I think there is little doubt; but I 
 believe they are a race of people produced by 
 circumstances, if I may use the expression. 
 The Hottentot on the plains lives a nomade 
 life, pasturing and living upon his herds. The 
 Bushman may be considered as the Hottentot 
 (driven out of his fertile plains, deprived of his 
 cattle, and compelled to resort to the hills for 
 his safety and subsistence — in short, a Hill 
 Hottentot : impelled by hunger and by injuries,
 
 THE MISSION. 263 
 
 he has committed depredations upon the pro- 
 perty of others until he has had a mark set 
 upon him ; his hand has been against every 
 man, and he has been hunted hke a wild 
 beast, and compelled to hide himself in 
 the caves of almost inaccessible rocks and 
 hills. 
 
 "Thus, generation after generation, he has 
 suffered privation and hunger, till the race has 
 dwindled down to the small size which it is 
 at present. Unable to contend against force, 
 his only weapons have been his cunning and his 
 poisoned arrows, and with them he has obtained 
 his livelihood — or rather, it may be said, has 
 contrived to support life, and no more. There 
 are, however, many races mixed up with the 
 Bushmen; for runaway slaves, brought from 
 Madagascar, Malays, and even those of l4ie 
 mixed white breed, when they have com- 
 mitted murder or other penal crimes, have 
 added to the race and incorporated themselves
 
 264 THE MISSION. 
 
 with them ; they are called the Children of the 
 Desert, and they are literally such." 
 " Have you seen much of them ?" 
 " Yes, when I was in the Namaqua-land 
 and in the Bechuana territory I saw a great 
 deal of them. I do not think that they are 
 insensible to kindness, and moreover, I be- 
 lieve that they may often be trusted, but 
 you run a great risk." 
 
 " Have they ever shewn any gratitude ?" 
 " Yes ; when I have killed game for them, 
 they have followed me on purpose to shew me 
 the pools of water, without which we should 
 have suffered severely, if we had not perished. 
 We were talking about lions ; it is an old 
 received opinion that the jackal is the lion's 
 provider ; it would be a more correct one 
 to' say that the lion is the Bushman's pro- 
 vider." 
 
 " Indeed !" 
 " I once asked a Bushman, ' How do you live?'
 
 THE MISSION. 265 
 
 His reply was, ' I live by the lions.' I asked 
 him to explain to me. He said, * I will shew 
 what I do : I let the lions follow the game and 
 kill it and eat it till they have their bellies full, 
 then I go up to where the lion is sitting down 
 by the carcase, and I go pretty near to him ; 
 I cry out. What have you got there, cannot you 
 spare me some of it ? Go away and let me 
 have some meat, or I'll do you some harm. 
 Then I dance and jump about and shake my 
 skin-dress, and the lion looks at me, and he 
 turns round and walks away ; he growls very 
 much, but he don't stay, and then I eat the 
 rest." 
 
 "And is that true?" 
 
 " Yes, I believe it, as I have had it con- 
 fessed by many others. The fact is, the lion 
 is only dangerous when he is hungry — that is, 
 if he is not attacked ; and if, as the Bushman 
 said, the lion has eaten sufficiently, probably 
 not wishing to be disturbed, after his repast,
 
 266 THE MISSION. 
 
 by the presence and shouts of the Bushman, 
 the animal retires to some other spot. I was 
 informed that, a very short time afterwards, this 
 Bushman, who told me what I have detailed 
 to you, was killed by a lioness, when attempt- 
 ing to drive it avi^ay from its prey by shouting 
 as he was used to do. The fact was, that he 
 perceived a lioness devouring a wild horse, and 
 went up to her as usual, but he did not ob- 
 serve that she had her whelps with her : he 
 shouted ; she growled savagely, and before he 
 had time to retreat, she sprang upon him and 
 tore him to pieces." 
 
 " The lion does not prey upon men, then, 
 although he destroys them ?" 
 
 " Not generally ; but the Namaqua people 
 told me that, if a lion once takes a fancy to 
 men's flesh — and they do, after they have in 
 their hunger devoured one or two — they become 
 doubly dangerous, as they will leave all other 
 game and hunt man only ; but this I cannot 
 
 i
 
 THE MISSION. 267 
 
 vouch for being the truth, although it is very 
 probable." 
 
 " If we judge from analogy, it is," replied the 
 Major. "The Bengal tigers in India, it is 
 well known, if they once taste human flesh, 
 prefer it to all other, and they are well 
 known to the natives, who term them men- 
 eaters. Strange to say, it iippears that human 
 flesh is not wholesome for them ; for their 
 skins become mangy after they have taken to 
 eating that alone. I have shot a 'man-eater' 
 from the back of an elephant, and I found 
 that the skin was not worth taking." 
 
 " The Namaquas," replied Swinton, " told 
 me that a lion, once enamoured of human 
 flesh, would, in order to obtain it, so far over- 
 come his caution, that he would leap through a 
 fire to seize a man. I once went to visit a Na- 
 maq.ua chief, who had been severely wounded 
 by a lion of this description — a man-eater, as 
 the Major terms them — and he gave me the fol-
 
 268 THE MISSION. 
 
 lowing dreadful narrative, which certainly corro- 
 borates what they assert of the lion who has 
 once taken a fancy to human flesh. 
 
 " The chief told me that he had gone out 
 with a party of his men to hunt; they had 
 guns, bows and arrows, and assaguays. On the 
 first day, as they were pursuing an elephant, 
 they came across some lions, who attacked 
 them, and they were obliged to save their 
 lives by abandoning a horse, which the lions 
 devoured. They then made hiding-places of 
 thick bushes by a pool, where they knew the 
 elephant and rhinoceros would come to drink. 
 
 " As they fired at a rhinoceros, a lion 
 leaped into their inclosure, took up one of the 
 men in his mouth and carried him off, and all 
 that they afterwards could find of him the 
 next day, was one of the bones of his leg. 
 The next night, as they were sitting by a fire 
 inside of their inclosure of bushes, a lion came, 
 seized one of the men, dragged him through
 
 THE MISSION. 269 
 
 the fire, and tore out his back. One of the party 
 fired, but missed ; upon which, the lion, dropping 
 his dying victim, growled at the men across 
 the fire, and they durst not repeat the shot ; 
 the lion then took up his prey in his mouth, and 
 went off with it. 
 
 " Alarmed at such disasters, the Namaquas 
 collected together in one strong inclosure, and 
 at night sent out one of the slaves for water. 
 He had no sooner reached the pool than he 
 was seized by a lion ; he called in vain for help, 
 but was dragged off through the w'oods, and 
 the next day his skull only was found, clean 
 licked by the rough tongue of the lion. 
 
 " Having now lost three men in three days, 
 the chief and his whole party turned out to 
 hunt and destroy lions only. They followed 
 the spoor or track of the one which had taken 
 the slave, and they soon found two lions, 
 one of which, the smallest, they shot; and 
 then, having taken their breakfast, they went
 
 270 THE MISSION. 
 
 after the other and largest, which was recog- 
 nized as the one which had devoured the man. 
 
 " They followed the animal to a patch of reeds, 
 where it had entrenched itself; they set fire 
 to the reeds and forced it out, and as it was 
 walking off it was severely wounded by one of 
 the party, when it immediately turned back, 
 and, with a loud roar, charged right through 
 the smoke and the burning reeds. The 
 monster dashed in among them and seized the 
 chiefs brother by the back, tearing out his 
 ribs and exposing his lungs. 
 
 " The chief rushed to the assistance of his 
 expiring brother ; his gun burnt priming. He 
 dashed it down, and in his desperation seized 
 the lion by the tail. The lion let go the body, 
 and turned upon the chief, and with a stroke 
 of his fore-paw tore a large piece of flesh 
 off the chief's arm ; then struck him again 
 and threw him on the ground. The chief 
 rose instantly, but the lion then seized him 
 
 i
 
 THE MISSION. 271 
 
 by the knee, threw him down again, and tliere 
 held him, mangling his left arm. 
 
 " Torn and bleeding, the chief in a feeble 
 voice called to his men to shoot the animal 
 from behind, which was at last done with 
 a ball wl>ich passed through the lion's brain. 
 After this destruction of four men in four days, 
 the hunting was given over ; the body of the 
 chief's brother was buried, and the party 
 went home bearing with them their wounded 
 chief." 
 
 '' Well, that is the most horrible lion 
 
 adventure I have yet heard," said the Major. 
 
 " Heaven preserve us from a man-eating lion !" 
 
 " It really has almost taken away my 
 
 breath," said Alexander. 
 
 " Well then, I will tell you one more amus- 
 ing, and not so fatal in its results ; I was told 
 it by a Bushman," said Swinton. " A Bush- 
 man was following a herd of zebras, and had 
 just succeeded in wounding one with his
 
 272 THE MISSION. 
 
 arrow, when he discovered that he had been 
 interfering with a Hon, who was also in chase 
 of the same animals. As the lion appeared 
 very angry at this interference with his rights 
 as lord of the manor, and evidently inclined to 
 punish the Bushman as a poacher upon his 
 preserves, the latter perceiving a tree con- 
 venient, climbed up into it as fast as he could. 
 The lion allowed the herd of zebras to go 
 away, and turned his attention to the Bush- 
 man. He walked round and round the tree, 
 and every now and then he growled as he 
 looked up at the Bushman. 
 
 " At last, the lion lay down at the foot of 
 the tree, and there he kept watch all night. 
 The Bushman kept watch also, but towards 
 morning, feeling very tired, he was overcome 
 by sleep, and as he slept, he dreamed, and what 
 do you think that he dreamed ? — he dreamed 
 that he fell from the tree into the jaws of the 
 lion. Starting up in horror from the effects of
 
 THE MISSION. 273 
 
 his dream, he lost his hold, and falHng 
 from the branch, down he came with all 
 his weight right on the back of the lion. 
 The lion, so unexpectedly saluted, sprang 
 up with a loud roar, tossing off the Bush- 
 man, and running away as fast as he could ; 
 and the Bushman, recovering his legs and his 
 senses, also took to his heels in a diti'erent 
 direction ; and thus were the * sleepers awak- 
 ened,' and the dream became true." 
 
 " Besiegers retreating, and fort evacuated 
 both at the same time," cried the Major, 
 laughing;. 
 
 "Well, I think you have had enough of the 
 lion now," said Swinton. 
 
 " No, we had quite enough of him last 
 night, if you choose," replied Alexander. 
 " But your lions are not quite so near as 
 he was." 
 
 VOL. I.
 
 274 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 It was not until the evening, that the 
 Caffres and Hottentots returned with the 
 cattle, which they had great difficulty in col- 
 lecting ; two or three of the oxen were not 
 brought back till late at night, so frightened 
 had the animals been by the approach of the 
 lion. In the afternoon, as it was too late to 
 think of proceeding, our travellers, with their 
 guns on their shoulders, and accompanied by 
 Omrah and Begum, who would always follow 
 the Major if she was not tied up, strolled away 
 from the camp to amuse themselves. At first 
 they walked to the hill from which they
 
 THE MISSION. 275 
 
 had such a splendid view of the valley 
 covered with elephants, and proceeding to 
 where the male elephant had fallen, found that 
 his flesh had, by the CafFres, the wolves, and 
 the vultures, been completely taken off his 
 bones, and it lay there a beautiful skeleton for 
 a museum. 
 
 As, however, they had no room for such 
 weighty articles in their wagons, they left it, 
 after Swinton had made some observations 
 upon the structure of the animal. Begum 
 would not go near the skeleton, but appeared 
 to be frightened at it. They then proceeded 
 to the rock which had been their place of 
 refuge when the herd of elephants had charged 
 upon them ; and as they stood under it, they 
 were suddenly saluted with a loud noise over 
 their heads, sounding like quah, quah ! 
 
 As soon as Begum heard it, she ran up to 
 the Major with every sign of trepidation, 
 holding fast to his skin trousers. 
 t2
 
 276 THE MISSION. 
 
 " What was that ?" said Alexander; " I see 
 nothing." 
 
 "I know what it is," said the Major; "it 
 is a herd of baboons ; there they are ; don't 
 you see their heads over the rocks ?" 
 
 " Let them shew themselves a little more, and 
 we'll have a shot at them," replied Alexander, 
 cocking his gun. 
 
 " Not for your life," cried Swinton ; 
 " you will be skinned, and torn to pieces, if 
 they are numerous, and you enrage them. 
 You have no idea what savage and powerful 
 creatures they are. Look at them now ; they 
 are coming down gradually ; we had better be 
 oft." 
 
 "I think so too," said the Major; "they 
 are very angry ; they have seen Begum, and 
 imagine that we have one of their herd in our 
 possession. Pray don't fire, Wilmot, unless 
 it is for your life ; we are too few to make 
 them afraid of us. Here they come ; there are
 
 THE MISSION. 277 
 
 a hundred of them at least ; let us walk away 
 slowly — it won't do to run, for that would 
 make them chase us at once." 
 
 The baboons, some of which were of 
 gigantic size, were now descending from the 
 rock, grunting, grinning, springing from stone 
 to stone, protruding their mouths, shaking 
 their heads, drawing back the skin of their 
 foreheads, and shewing their formidable tusks, 
 advancing nearer and nearer, and threatening 
 an instant attack. Some of the largest males 
 advanced so close as to make a snatch at 
 Omrah. As for Begum, she kept behind the 
 Major, hiding herself as much as possible. 
 At last one or two advanced so close, rising 
 on their hind-legs, that the Major was obliged 
 to ward them oft' with his gun. " Point your 
 guns at them," said Swinton, " if they come 
 too close ; but do not fire, I beg of you. If 
 we only get from off" this rocky ground to the 
 plain below, we shall probably get rid of them."
 
 278 THE MISSION. 
 
 The ground on which they were, formed a 
 portion of the rocky hill upon which they had 
 taken shelter the day of the elephant hunt ; 
 and within twenty-five yards of them there 
 was an abrupt descent of about four feet, which 
 joined it to the plain. They had gained half- 
 way, parrying the animals off as well as they 
 could, as they retreated backwards, when some 
 of the baboons came down from the other side 
 of the rock, so as to attempt to cut off their 
 retreat, their object evidently being to gain 
 possession of Begum, whom they considered 
 as belonging to them — and a captive. 
 
 Their situation now became more critical > 
 for the whole herd were joining the foremost ; 
 and the noise they made, and anger they 
 expressed, were much greater than before. , 
 
 "We must fire, I really believe," said the 
 Major, when at that moment they heard a 
 deep, hollow growl, followed up by a roar of 
 some animal, apparently not very far off. At
 
 THE MISSION. 279 
 
 this sound the baboons halted, and listened in 
 silence ; again the growl was repeated and 
 followed up by the roar, and the baboons at a 
 shriek given by one on the rock, turned round 
 and took to their heels, — much to the delight 
 of our travellers, who had felt the peculiar 
 difficulty and danger of their situation. 
 
 "What animal was that which has fright- 
 ened them off?" said the Major. 
 
 " It was the growl of a leopard," replied 
 Swinton ; " we must keep a sharp look-out ; it 
 can't be far off. The leopard is the great 
 enemy of the baboons. But where is 
 Omrah?" 
 
 They all looked round, but the boy was not 
 'to be seen. At last he shewed his head above 
 the foot of the rocky hill, where there was a 
 descent of four feet as we have mentioned, then 
 sprang up the rock, and began capering and 
 imitating the babogns as they came on to the 
 attack.
 
 280 THE MISSION. 
 
 As they were laughing at him, all at once 
 he stopped, and putting his hands to his 
 mouth, he gave the growl and roar of a 
 leopard, which they had heard, and then set 
 off Tunning away baboon fashion. 
 
 " It was the Bushman, then, that frightened 
 them off — he is a clever little fellow." 
 
 " And I am not sure that he has not saved 
 our hves," replied Swinton ; " but he has been 
 brought up among them, one may say, and 
 knows their habits well. If he had not hid 
 himself below the rock, before he imitated the 
 leopard, it would have been of no use, for 
 they would not have been frightened, hearing 
 the growl proceeding from him. I admire the 
 boy's presence of mind." 
 
 " I thought at one time that the baboons 
 had an idea that Omrah was one of them. 
 What a snatch they made at him." 
 
 *' It would not have been the first time that 
 these animals have carried off a boy," said
 
 THE MISSION. 281 
 
 Swinton ; " I saw one at Latakoo, who had 
 lived two years with the baboons which had 
 carried him off." 
 
 " How did they treat him ? " 
 
 " Very well indeed ; but they kept him a 
 prisoner. When they found that he would not 
 eat the coarse food which they did, they 
 brought him other things; and they in- 
 variably allowed him to drink first at the 
 pools." 
 
 "Well, that was homage to our superiority. 
 Confound their quahs, I shall not get them 
 out of my head for a week. What terrible 
 large tusks they have." 
 
 " Yes, their incisors are very strong. They 
 often destroy the leopard when they meet it 
 in numbers ; but if one happens to be away 
 from the herd, he has, of course, no chance 
 with such an animal. Begum did not appear 
 at all willing to renew her connection." 
 
 " None of the monkey tribe, after they have
 
 282 THE MISSION. 
 
 lived with man, ever are ; indeed it is a ques- 
 tion, if they had taken possession of her, 
 whether they would not have torn her to pieces 
 immediately, or have worried her to death some 
 way or other." 
 
 " Well, at all events, Swinton, you have been 
 rewarded for your kindness to that poor little 
 Bushman, and we have reaped the benefit of 
 it," observed Alexander. " But here come 
 some of the oxen ; I hope we shall be able to 
 start early on Monday. The native CafFres 
 say that the wagons cannot proceed much 
 further." 
 
 " No, not further than to the banks of the 
 Umtata River ; but you will then be not a 
 great way from your destination. Daaka is 
 the chiefs name, is it not ?" 
 
 "Yes, that is his name; and if he is as sup- 
 posed to be, he is my first cousin. How 
 strange it sounds to me, as I look around 
 me in this savage and wild country, that I
 
 THE MISSION. 283 
 
 should be within forty miles of a blood 
 relation, who is an inhabitant of it." 
 
 " Well, we shall soon know the truth ; 
 but I must say, if it is only to end in a morn- 
 ing call, you have come a long way for the 
 purpose," replied the Major. 
 
 " I have come to ascertain a fact, which, 
 from what I now know of the country and 
 its inhabitants, will be the source of any thing 
 but pleasure, if it be established. My only hope 
 is that it may prove otherwise than we sup- 
 pose ; and there is little chance of that, I 
 fear." 
 
 " At all events, come what may," observed 
 Swinton, " you will have done your duty." 
 
 On their return, they found all the men and 
 cattle collected, and that night they increased 
 the number of their fires, and tied the oxen to 
 the wagons, that they might not be scattered 
 by the return of the lion. The latter did not, 
 however, make his appearance, and the night
 
 284 THE MISSION. 
 
 was passed without any disturbance. The 
 following day being Sunday, the Hottentots 
 were assembled, and desired not to start from 
 the camp, as they would be expected to attend 
 to prayers and divine service ; and as no 
 hunting expedition was proposed, the CafFre 
 warriors, as well as the native CafFres, who 
 came in with their baskets of milk and other 
 articles for sale and barter, also remained. 
 Before dinner-time, the bell which had been 
 brought with them from the Cape, to ring in 
 case of any one having strayed from the 
 camp, that he might be guided to return, was 
 tolled by Bremen, and the Hottentots were 
 assembled. Prayers, and a portion of the 
 Bible, were then read. 
 
 The CafFre warriors, who had been told that 
 the white men were going to pray to their 
 God, were very silent and attentive, although 
 they could not understand what was said ; and
 
 THE RUSSION. 286 
 
 the native CafFres, men, women, and children, 
 sat down near and listened. As soon as the 
 service was over, the CafFre head man of the 
 warriors, asked the interpreter to inquire of 
 our travellers, why they struck the bell ? was 
 it to let their God know that they were about 
 to pray, and did he hear what they said ? 
 
 Swinton replied, that their God heard all 
 that they said, and listened to the prayers of 
 those who trusted in him. 
 
 A great many other questions were put by 
 the CafFres, all of which were replied to with 
 great caution by Mr. Swinton, as he was 
 fearful that they might not otherwise be 
 understood by the Caffres ; but they were, as 
 it was proved by the questions which followed 
 in consequence. A great portion of the 
 afternoon was passed away in explaining and 
 replying to the interrogatories of these people, 
 and our travellers felt convinced that by
 
 286 THE MISSION. 
 
 having kept the Sabbath in that savage land, 
 they had done some good by the example; 
 for as Swinton truly observed — 
 
 " The missionaries come into the land to 
 spread the gospel of Christ ; they tell the 
 natives that such is the religion and belief 
 of the white men, and that such are the 
 doctrines which are inculcated. Now white 
 men come here as traders, or are occasionally 
 seen here as travellers, and if the natives 
 find, as they have found, that these white men, 
 stated by the missionaries to hold the same 
 belief, not only shew no evidence of their 
 belief, but are guilty of sins expressly forbidden 
 by the religion preached, is not the work of 
 the missionary nearly destroyed ? 
 
 " I have often thought that the behaviour 
 of the Dutch Boors towards the natives 
 must have had such an effect ; indeed, I 
 may say that the colony has been founded 
 upon very opposite principles to those of
 
 THE MISSION. 287 
 
 ' doing unto others as you would they should 
 do unto you.' I believe that there never 
 yet was an intercourse between Christians 
 nominal and savages, in any portion of the 
 globe, but that the savages have with great 
 justice thrown in the Christian's teeth, that 
 they preached one thing, but did another. 
 Unfortunately the taunt is but too true. Even 
 those who have left their country for religious 
 persecution have erred in the same way. The 
 conduct of the Puritans who landed at Salem, 
 was as barbarous towards the Indians, as that 
 of Pizarro and his followers towards the 
 Mexicans. In either case the poor aborigines 
 were hunted to death." 
 
 On Monday they started at daylight, and 
 proceeded on the journey ; but they made 
 little progress, on account of the difficulty of 
 travelling with the wagons in a country con- 
 sisting of alternate precipices and ravines, with- 
 out any roads. The second day proved to be
 
 288 THE MISSION. 
 
 one of greater difBculty ; they were obliged to 
 cut down trees, fill up holes, remove large 
 pieces of rock, and with every precaution the 
 wagons were often out of order, and they were 
 obliged to halt for repairs. 
 
 At night they were about ten miles from 
 the Umtata River, and it was doubtful, from 
 the accounts received from the natives of the 
 country, if they would be able to go further 
 with the wagons than to its bank. But in the 
 evening news was brought that the Amaquibi, 
 the nation of warriors who were governed by 
 Quetoo, and which had come from the north, 
 had been attacked by two of the native tribes, 
 aided by some white men with guns ; that the 
 white men had all been destroyed, and that 
 the hostile army were marching south. 
 
 The native Caffres appeared to be in a 
 panic, and this panic was soon communicated 
 to the Hottentots. At first, murmurings were 
 heard as they sat round the fire, and at last,
 
 THE MISSION. 289 
 
 they broke out into open mutiny. Big Adam, 
 with three others, came up to the fire where our 
 travellers were sitting, and intimated that they 
 must return immediately, as they would proceed 
 no farther; that if it was decided to go on, the 
 Hottentots would not, as they had no intention 
 of being murdered by the savages who were 
 advancing. Swinton, who could speak the 
 Dutch language, having consulted with Alex- 
 ander and the Major, replied, that it was very 
 true that the army of Quetoo was to the north- 
 ward ; but that the report of the defeat of the 
 Caffres and of the army advancing, was not 
 confirmed. It was only a rumour, and might 
 all be false ; that even if true, it did not 
 follow they were advancing in the direction in 
 which they themselves were about to proceed ; 
 that it would be sufficient time for them to re- 
 treat when they found out what were the real 
 facts, which would be the case in a few days 
 at the farthest. But the Hottentots would not 
 
 VOL. I. u
 
 290 THE MISSION. 
 
 listen to any thing that he said ; they de- 
 clared that they would proceed no farther. 
 
 By this time all the other Hottentots had 
 joined the first who came up to our travellers, 
 and made the same demand, stating their de- 
 termination not to proceed a mile further. 
 Only Bremen and Swanevelt opposed the rest, 
 and declared that they would follow their 
 masters wherever they chose to lead them. 
 Alexander now sent for the interpreter and the 
 chief of the CafFre warriors, lent him by Hinza, 
 and desired the interpreter to ask the Caffre 
 whether he and his band would follow them. 
 The Caffre answered that they would ; Hinza 
 had given them in charge, and they could 
 not return and say that they had left them be- 
 cause there was an enemy at hand. Hinza 
 would kill them all, if they did; they must 
 bring back the travellers safe, or lose their lives 
 in their defence. 
 
 "Well then," said the Major, " now we can
 
 THE MISSION. 291 
 
 do without those cowardly fellows who are no 
 use to us but to eat and drink ; so now let us 
 discharge them at once, all but Bremen and 
 Swanevelt." 
 
 " I agree with you, Major," said Alexander; 
 "what do you think, Swinton ?" 
 
 " Yes, let us discharge them, for then they will 
 be in a precious dilemma. We will discharge 
 them without arms, and desire them to go 
 home; that they dare not do, so they will re- 
 main. But let us first secure their muskets 
 which lie round their fire before we dismiss 
 them; or they will not, perhaps, surrender them, 
 and we may be in an awkward position. I 
 will slip away, and while I am away, do you 
 keep them in talk until I return, which I shall 
 not do, until I have locked up all the guns in 
 the store-wagon." 
 
 As Swinton rose, the Major addressed the 
 Hottentots. " Now, my lads," said he, " here 
 are Bremen and Swanevelt who consent to fol- 
 u 2
 
 292 THE MISSION. 
 
 low US ; all the CafFre warriors agree to follow 
 us ; and here are about twenty of you who re- 
 fuse. Now I cannot think that you will leave 
 us ; you know that we have treated you well, 
 and have given you plenty of tobacco ; you 
 know that you will be punished as soon as you 
 return to the Cape. Why then are you so 
 foolish ? Now look you ; I am sure that upon 
 reflection you will think better of it. Let me 
 understand clearly your reasons for not pro- 
 ceeding with us; I wish to hear them again, 
 and let each man speak for himself." 
 
 The Hottentots immediately began to state 
 over again their reasons for not going on ; and 
 thus the Major, who made each give his 
 reason separately, gained their attention, and 
 the time which was required. Before they all 
 had spoken, Swinton came back and took his 
 seat by the fire. 
 
 " All's safe," said he ; " Bremen and Swane- 
 velt's guns have been locked up with the others."
 
 THE MISSION. 293 
 
 Our travellers had their own lying by them. 
 The Caffre warriors, who were standing behind 
 the Hottentots, had all their assaguays in their 
 hands ; but their shields, as usual, were hang- 
 ing to the sides of the wagons. The Major 
 allowed the whole of the Hottentots to speak, 
 and when they were done, he said, " Now, Wil- 
 mot, turn the tables on them." 
 
 Alexander then got up with his gun in his 
 hand, the Major and Swinton did the same, 
 and then Alexander told the Hottentots that 
 they were a cowardly set of fellows; that with 
 Bremen and Swanevelt, and the band of Caffre 
 warriors, he could do without them; that 
 since they did not choose to proceed, they 
 might now leave the camp immediately, as 
 they should get neither food nor any thing else 
 from them in future. " So now be off, the whole 
 of you; and if I find one to-morrow morning 
 in sight of the camp, or if one of you dare to 
 follow us, I will order the Caffres to run him
 
 294 THE MISSION. 
 
 through. You are dismissed, and to-morrow 
 we leave without you." 
 
 Alexander then called the chief of the 
 CafFre warriors, and desired him, in the pre- 
 sence of the Hottentots, to give particular 
 charge of the cattle, horses, and sheep, to his 
 warriors during the night ; and that if any one 
 attempted to touch them, to run him through 
 the body. " Do this immediately," said Alex- 
 ander to the chief, who without delay spoke to 
 his men, and they went off in obedience to his 
 orders. 
 
 The Hottentots, who had heard all this, 
 now retreated to their wagon, but were struck 
 with consternation when they found that their 
 guns had been removed ; for they trusted to their 
 guns and ammunition, to enable them to pro- 
 cure food and protect themselves on their re- 
 turn. They consulted together in a low voice ; 
 they looked round, and perceived that our 
 three travellers had quitted the fire, and were
 
 THE MISSION. 295 
 
 keeping guard with their guns upon the wagons, 
 to prevent any attempt of breaking them 
 open, on the part of the Hottentots, More- 
 over, ten of the Caffres, with their spears, had, 
 since the breaking up of the conference, been 
 put in charge of the wagons by the chief, at 
 the request of the Major. The Hottentots 
 now perceived their forlorn position. 
 
 How could they, without] arms and ammu- 
 nition, and without provisions, return to the 
 Cape, such a number of miles distant ? How 
 could they exist, if they remained where they 
 were? When they insisted upon our travellers 
 returning, they had quite overlooked the cir- 
 cumstance that these could protect themselves 
 with the CafFre warriors, and that they were 
 not in a condition to enforce their demand. 
 
 After a long conversation they did what 
 all Hottentots will do under any emergency, — 
 they lay down by the fire, and fell fast asleep. 
 Swinton having ascertained that they were really
 
 296 THE MISSION. 
 
 asleep, proposed that they themselves should 
 retire to the wagon, and leave the CafFres on 
 guard, which they did ; as they well knew that a 
 Hottentot once fast asleep is not easily roused 
 up even to " treason, stratagem, or spoil," 
 
 Shortly after break of day, Bremen came 
 to them, stating that he found the wagons could 
 proceed no further, as he had walked on, and 
 discovered that a mile before them there was a 
 ravine so deep that it would be difficult for the 
 cattle to go down, and for the wagons im- 
 possible ; that at a distance of three miles 
 below he could see the river, which was also 
 so embedded in rocks, as to be impassable by 
 the wagons. 
 
 The Major immediately went with Bremen, 
 to satisfy himself of the truth of this, and 
 returned, stating that further progress with 
 wagons was impossible. 
 
 " Well then, we must now hold a council," 
 said Swinton. " Of course, proceed you will,
 
 THE MISSION. 297 
 
 Wilmot, that is decided ; the only question is, 
 as we must now proceed on horseback, what 
 force you will take with you, and what shall 
 be left in charge of the wagons ?" 
 
 " I think we can trust the Caffres, do not 
 you? 
 
 **Yes, I do ; but I wish from my heart that 
 the Hottentots had not rebelled ; for although 
 in some respects cowardly fellows, yet with 
 their muskets they are brave, and their muskets 
 keep the natives in order." 
 
 " To the Caffres, the contents of the wagons 
 would prove a temptation ; but these are not 
 temptations to the Hottentots, whose object 
 is to get back safe, and receive their wages. 
 Thus we play them off against each other." 
 
 " Here are all the Hottentots coming up to 
 us," said the Major ; " I hope it is to make sub- 
 mission; it is very desirable that they should 
 do so before they know that the wagons pro- 
 ceed no further."
 
 298 THE MISSION. 
 
 The surmise of the Major was correct; the 
 Hottentots had again canvassed the matter 
 over, and perceiving the helplessness of their 
 position, had come in a body to beg forgiveness, 
 and to offer to accompany our travellers where- 
 ever they pleased to take them. 
 
 It was a long while before Alexander would 
 consent to receive them again, and not until 
 they had made promise upon promise that he 
 seemed at last to be mollified. Swinton then 
 interceded for them, and at last Alexander con- 
 sented, upon their future good behavour, to 
 overlook their conduct. This matter having 
 been satisfactorily arranged, the former ques- 
 tion was resumed. 
 
 " One of you, I fear, must remain with the 
 wagons," observed Alexander ; " or both of you, 
 if you please. I have no right to ask you to go 
 upon any wild goose chase, and run into danger 
 for nothing." 
 
 " That one should remain with the wagons
 
 THE MISSION. 299 
 
 will be necessary," said Swinton ; " and I think 
 that the Major, if he does not object, is the 
 proper person. The party who are left must pro- 
 vide themselves with food by their guns ; and it 
 will require more military tact than I possess 
 to arrange that, and to defend the wagons. 
 I will accompany you, Wilmot, as I can 
 speak better Dutch, and the interpreter will 
 not get on well without me." 
 
 "Will you have the kindness to take charge 
 of the wagons, Major, during our absence ?" 
 
 " I think, perhaps, it will be as well ; although 
 I had rather have gone with you," replied the 
 Major. " I propose that you take thirty of 
 the Caflfres, Bremen, and eight Hottentots 
 with you ; leave me Swanevelt and the other 
 Hottentots." 
 
 " Yes, that will do very well; we will leave 
 the CafFre head man with you." 
 
 " No; he mustgo with the larger portion of his 
 party; he could not well be separated from
 
 300 THE MISSION. 
 
 them. I will find a proper place for the wagons, 
 and stockade myself regularly in ; that will be 
 a good job for the Hottentots, and I dare say 
 I shall do very well." 
 
 "I shall not leave you Omrah, Major," said 
 Swinton ; " for, as we shall take four horses 
 with us, I wish him to ride one, and he can 
 attend upon us, as you have Mahommed." 
 
 " You may have Begum to ride the other," 
 replied the Major, "if you please; then you 
 will each have a groom." 
 
 " No, no, it would be a pity to part you and 
 her; however, there is no time to be lost, for 
 if this great chief and warrior Quetoo is ad- 
 vancing, it may be as well to be ready for a 
 retreat ; the sooner we are off, the sooner we 
 shall be back ; so now to pack up."
 
 301 
 
 CHAPTER XVI. 
 
 The first step taken by Alexander was to 
 send for the Hottentots, and after again re- 
 proving them for their former behaviour, he 
 asked who were ready to volunteer to pro- 
 ceed with him, as he had decided that he 
 would leave the wagons with Major Hen- 
 derson, and proceed on horseback the short 
 distance of his journey which remained to be 
 accomplished. 
 
 Several of the Hottentots immediately came 
 forward ; the heads of the mutiny held back, 
 and thus proved to Alexander that the men 
 who had come forward were persuaded into it
 
 302 THE MISSION. 
 
 by the others, and regretted what they had 
 done. He therefore immediately accepted 
 their services, and their muskets were re- 
 turned to them. Alexander then stated his 
 intentions to the CafFre head man, who 
 selected the thirty warriors which were re- 
 quired, and in the course of three hours every 
 thing was ready for their departure. 
 
 It was arranged that in case of danger 
 arising to either party, they should, if 
 possible, fall back to the newly established 
 Mission of Morley, on the sea-coast; but 
 otherwise, the wagons would remain where 
 they were, till Alexander's return. Having 
 packed up all they required in small packages, 
 to be carried by the CafFres, they bade fare- 
 well to the Major, and set off, having no 
 baggage but what we have mentioned : for 
 Alexander would not be encumbered with a 
 load of heavy articles which must prevent 
 rapid progress, or rapid retreat if necessary.
 
 THE MISSION. 303 
 
 In two hours they arrived by difficult passes 
 at the banks of the Umtata River, which they 
 crossed, and soon afterwards falUng in with a 
 Caffre kraal, they were informed that Daaka, 
 the chief whom they sought, did not reside 
 more than twenty miles distant; and they 
 easily procured a guide to shew them the 
 way. 
 
 The reports of the advance of the Amaquibi 
 army were here fully confirmed, and the natives 
 were preparing to leave the kraal with all their 
 cattle. It appeared, however, that at present 
 the army was stationary ; the warriors carous- 
 ing and enjoying themselves after the victory 
 which they had gained over the CafFres. As 
 these had been assisted by white men and their 
 guns, the spirits of the Amaquibi were raised 
 to an extraordinary degree, and they were 
 intending to carry their arms to the southward, 
 as soon as Quetoo, their chief, had somewhat 
 recovered from his wounds received in the late
 
 304 THE MISSION. 
 
 action. Indeed, it was the wounded state of 
 their chief which was the principal cause of 
 the army not having immediately proceeded to 
 the southward. 
 
 Having obtained this information, the travel- 
 lers resumed their journey along the banks of the 
 LFmtata, over a country of surpassing beauty, 
 the deep river being full of hippopotami, which 
 were lying on the banks or snorting in the 
 stream. They could not wait to kill one 
 during the daytime, but promised the men 
 that they would allow them to make the 
 attempt in the evening, after their day's march 
 was over. Towards sunset, they stopped on 
 the banks of the river on a rising ground, 
 and the Hottentots and some Caffres were 
 then directed to go down to the river in 
 chase of the hippopotami, as it was advisable 
 to save their provisions as much as possible. 
 
 Before night they had succeeded, and the 
 carcase of the animal was hauled on shore
 
 THE MISSION. 306 
 
 As soon as the party had taken as much as 
 they required, the native CafFres carried oft' the 
 remainder of the flesh. As they were sitting 
 down carousing by the fire which had been 
 lighted, the CafFre head warrior came up to 
 the interpreter, and told Alexander and Swin- 
 ton not to say that they were Hinza's warriors 
 if asked where they came from. On being 
 asked why, he told them that Hinza had 
 married the daughter of the chief of this 
 country, and after a time had sent her back 
 again to her father, and that this had created 
 ill-blood between the tribes, although no war 
 had taken place. Alexander and Swinton, who 
 perceived that the advice was judicious, told 
 him that they would not, and after partaking 
 of the hippopotamus flesh, they all lay down 
 to repose under the far-spreading branches of 
 a .large tree. 
 
 The next morning they set off", and after an 
 hour's journey, the guide told them that they 
 
 VOL. I. X
 
 306 THE MISSION. 
 
 were at the kraal of Daaka, the descendant of 
 the Europeans. The bellowing of the cattle 
 and noise of the calves soon directed them to 
 the spot, and they entered a kraal consisting of 
 several very wretched huts. On inquiring for 
 Daaka, a woman pointed out a hut at a little 
 distance, and as they dismounted and walked 
 up, he came out to meet them. Swinton and 
 Alexander shook hands with the chief, and 
 said that they were very glad to see him, and 
 that they had come far to pay him a visit. The 
 chief ordered a hut to be swept out for their ac- 
 commodation, which they took possession of. 
 
 " You have no idea, Swinton," said Alex- 
 ander, " how much I am excited already by 
 this interview." 
 
 " I can imagine it, my dear Wilmot," said 
 Swinton; "it is but natural, for he is your 
 kinsman by all report, and certainly, although 
 a Caffre in his habits and manners, his coun- 
 tenance and features are strikingly European."
 
 THE MISSION. 307 
 
 " That I have observed myself, and it has 
 fully convinced me of the truth of the state- 
 ment. I am most anxious to examine him — 
 we must call the interpreter." 
 
 The chief entered the hut soon afterwards, 
 and took his seat; the interpreter was sent for, 
 and the conversation was begun by Daaka, 
 who, like most of the CafFre chiefs, with the 
 hope of obtaining presents, stated himself to 
 be very poor, his cattle to be all dying, and 
 his children without milk. Our travellers 
 allowed him to go on for some time in this 
 manner, and then sent for a present of beads 
 and tobacco, which they gave to him. They 
 then commenced their inquiries, and the first 
 question they asked, was why he resided so 
 near the sea. 
 
 " Because the sea is my mother," rephed he; 
 " I came from the sea, and the sea feeds me 
 when 1 am hungry." 
 
 X 2
 
 308 THE MISSION. 
 
 " In that reply he evidently refers to the 
 wreck of the ship," observed Swinton ; '* and 
 I presume from the fish-bones which we have 
 seen about the kraal, that these CafFres feed 
 on fish, which the other tribes do not, and 
 therefore it is that he says his mother feeds 
 him." 
 
 "Was your mother white?" inquired Alex- 
 ander. 
 
 " Yes," replied Daaka, " her skin was white 
 as yours ; her hair was just like yours, long and 
 dark, but before she died it was quite white." 
 
 " What was your mother's name ? " 
 
 " Kuma," replied the chief. 
 
 " Had you any brothers and sisters ?" 
 
 " Yes, I had — I have one sister alive now." 
 
 " What is her name ?" inquired Swinton. 
 
 " Bess," replied the chief. 
 
 " This is very confirmatory," said Alex- 
 ander, " my aunt's name was Elizabeth ; she 
 must have called her child after herself."
 
 THE MISSION. 309 
 
 " Whom did your mother marry ?" 
 " She first married my uncle, and had no 
 children; and then she married my father : 
 both were chiefs, and I am a chief; she had 
 five children by my father." 
 
 A long conversation took place after this, 
 the substance of which we may as well com- 
 municate to the reader in few words. From 
 the children of Kuma, supposed tobe Elizabeth, 
 the aunt of Alexander, were produced a 
 numerous race of the European blood, who 
 were celebrated in the Caifre land for their 
 courage; they were continually engaged in 
 war, as their alliance was eagerly sought, 
 and in consequence had nearly all perished. 
 Daaka himself was renowned for warlike 
 exploits, but he was now a very old man. 
 In the evening the chief took his leave, and 
 went to his own hut. 
 
 As soon as they were alone, Alexander 
 said to Swinton, " I have now so far fulfilled
 
 310 THE MISSION. 
 
 my promise to my worthy relation that I have 
 seen this descendant of his child ; but what 
 am I to do ? An old man hke him is not very 
 likely to consent to go to England, and as for 
 his sister Bess, he states that she is equally 
 infirm ; the progeny of the rest of the family 
 are scattered about, and he himself knows 
 nothing about them; to collect them would 
 be impossible, and if collected, equally impos- 
 sible to remove them, for they would not 
 leave. My old relative fancies in his mind's 
 eye, his daughter weeping over her captivity, 
 and longing to be restored to her country and 
 her relations ; still retaining European feelings 
 and sympathies, and miserable in her position ; 
 her children brought up by her with the same 
 ideas, and some day looking forward to their 
 emancipation from this savage state of exist- 
 ence: I think if he were here, and saw old 
 Daaka, he would soon divest himself of all 
 these romantic ideas."
 
 THE MISSION. 311 
 
 " I think so too; but there is one thing 
 which has struck me very forcibly, Alexander, 
 which is, if this Daaka is the son of your 
 aunt, how comes it that he is so old ? When 
 was the Grosvenor lost ? " 
 
 "In the year 1782." 
 
 " And we are now in 1829. Your aunt, you 
 stated to have been ten or twelve years old at 
 the time of the wreck. Allowing her to marry 
 at the earliest age, Daaka could not well be 
 more than forty-eight years old ; and surely he 
 is more than that." 
 
 "He looks much older, certainly; but who 
 can tell the age of a savage, who has been 
 living a life of constant privation, and who 
 has been so often wounded, as his scars shew 
 that he has been? Wounds and hardship 
 will soon make a man look old." 
 
 "That is very true, but still he appears 
 to me to be older than the dates war- 
 rant."
 
 312 THE MISSION. 
 
 " I think his stating that his sister was 
 namecj Bess is full corroboration." 
 
 " It is rather circumstantial evidence, 
 Wilmot : now what do you propose to do ? " 
 
 " I hardly know ; but I wish to be in 
 Daaka's company some time longer, that I 
 may gain more intelligence ; and I think of 
 proposing to him that we should go down 
 to visit the remains of the wreck of his 
 mother, as he terms it. I should like to see a 
 spot so celebrated for misfortune, and behold 
 the remains of the ill-fated vessel ; I should 
 like to have to tell my good old uncle all 
 I can, and he will wish that I should be 
 able to give him every information." 
 
 " Well, I think it is a good plan of yours, 
 and we will propose it to him to-morrow 
 morning." 
 
 " And I should like to visit his sister Bess — 
 indeed, I must do so. He says she is much 
 younger than he is."
 
 THE MISSION. 313 
 
 " He did, and therefore I think his age does 
 not correspond with our dates, as I observed 
 before," rephed Swinton ; " but as you say, 
 you must see his sister.'' 
 
 Daaka had sent an old cow as a present 
 to Alexander, which was a very seasonable 
 supply, as the hippopotamus flesh had all 
 been eaten. The next morning, they proposed 
 that he should accompany them to where the 
 Grosvenor had been wrecked. 
 
 Daaka did not at first appear to know what 
 they wished, and inquired, through the in- 
 terpreter, whether they meant the ship that was 
 wrecked on the sea-coast, pointing to the 
 eastward. On receiving an answer in the 
 affirmative, he agreed to set off with them that 
 afternoon, saying, that it was about forty 
 miles off, and that they could not get there 
 until the next day. 
 
 About noon they set off on their journey, and 
 as they made but slow progress over a rugged
 
 314 THE MISSION. 
 
 although most beautiful country, they stopped 
 at night at a kraal about half-way. Early 
 the next morning they were led by Daaka, and 
 some CafFres who accompanied him, to the 
 seashore, and when they had arrived at the 
 beach, it being then low water, Daaka pointed 
 to a reef, upon which were to be seen the 
 guns, ballast, and a portion of the kelson of 
 a ship, — all that remained of the unfortunate 
 Grosvenor. 
 
 As the sea washed over the reef, now cover- 
 ing and now exposing these mementos of 
 misery and suffering, Alexander and Swinton 
 remained for some time without speaking ; at 
 last Alexander said — 
 
 " Swinton, you have read the history of this 
 unfortunate vessel, I know, for you asked me 
 for it to read. What a succession of scenes 
 of horror do these remains, which from their 
 solid weight only have defied the power of the 
 winds and waves, conjure up at this moment
 
 THE MISSION. 315 
 
 in my mind. I think I now behold the brave 
 vessel dashed upon the reefs — the scream of 
 despair from all on board — the heart-rending- 
 situation of the women and children — their 
 wonderful escape and landing on shore, only 
 to be subjected to greater suffering. See, 
 Swinton, that must have been the rock which 
 they all gained, and upon which they remained 
 shiverino- through the night." 
 
 " It is, I have no doubt, from its position," 
 said Swinton. 
 
 " Yes, it must have been ; I think I see 
 them all, — men, women, and helpless children, 
 — huddled together half-clothed and suffer- 
 ing, quitting that rock by this only path from 
 it, and setting off upon their mad and perilous 
 •journey : the scattering of the parties — their 
 perils and hunger — their conflicts with the 
 natives — their sufferings from heat and from 
 thirst — their sinking down one by one into the 
 welcome arms of death, or torn to pieces by
 
 316 - THE MISSION. 
 
 the wolves and hyenas as they lagged behind 
 the others. How much more fortunate those 
 who never gained the shore." 
 
 " Yes, indeed," replied Swinton ; " except 
 the eight who reached the Cape, and the 
 five that Daaka asserts were saved, all the 
 rest must have perished in that dreadful 
 manner." 
 
 Alexander lemained for some time in pain- 
 ful thought, at last he turned to Daaka and 
 said, as he pointed to the remains of the wreck 
 — " And this then is your mother ?" 
 
 Daaka looked at him and shook his head. 
 "No, not my mother this," replied he; "my 
 mother down there," replied he, pointing out in 
 a northerly direction. 
 
 " What does he mean, Swinton ? he says 
 this is not his mother." 
 
 "I will speak to him, Wilmot; you are too 
 much agitated," replied Swinton. 
 
 " Is not that the vessel which your mother
 
 THE MISSION. 317 
 
 was lost in ?" said Svvinton, through the in- 
 terpreter. 
 
 " No," replied Daaka ; " my mother came 
 on shore in a vessel up the little river out 
 there ; I was a boy when this large ship was 
 wrecked, and got some iron from her to make 
 assaguays." 
 
 " Merciful heaven ! what joy I feel; I trust 
 it is true what he says." 
 
 " I have no doubt of it, Wilmot ; I told you 
 he was too old a man," replied Swinton ; " but 
 let me question him farther." 
 
 Our readers may imagine the impatience of 
 Alexander while the questions of Swinton were 
 being answered, and by which it appeared that 
 Daaka's mother was lost at the mouth of the 
 Lauwanbaz, a small river some miles to the 
 eastward of the Zemsooboo. An old Caffre 
 who had come down with Daaka now gave a 
 particular account of the wreck of the Gros- 
 venor, corroborating all Daaka's assertions.
 
 318 THE MISSION. 
 
 " Were there none of the Grosvenor's 
 people left in the country?" inquired Swin- 
 ton. 
 
 ' " None," replied the old man ; " they all 
 went to the southward." 
 
 " Did you hear what became of them ? " 
 
 " Some lay down and died ; some fought 
 the natives and were killed ; the wolves eat 
 the rest ; not one left alive ; they all 
 perished." 
 
 " Were none of the women and children 
 saved and kept as slaves ?" 
 
 " No, not one ; they had no meat, no milk, 
 and they all died." 
 
 After some other inquiries,the old man, who 
 at first did not reply willingly, stated that he 
 had, with other Caflfres, followed the last 
 party ; had seen them all dead, and had taken 
 off their clothes, and that as they died 
 they were buried by those who still sur- 
 vived.
 
 THE MISSION. 319 
 
 " A better fate, cruel as it was, than living 
 as they must have lived," said Swinton. 
 
 "Yes, truly," 'replied Alexander; "you 
 don't know, Swinton, what a load has been re- 
 moved from my mind, and how light-hearted 
 I feel, notwithstanding this recital of their 
 sufferings. My poor uncle ! God grant that he 
 may live till my return with this distinct in- 
 telligence, with the assurance that he has no 
 grandchildren living the life of a heathen and 
 knowing no God. What a relief will it prove to 
 him ; how soothing will it be to his last days ! 
 How grateful am I to God, that I have had so 
 happy an issue to my Mission ! Now, Swin- 
 ton, we will return as soon as you please; 
 as soon as we arrive at Daaka's kraal, I will 
 take down in writing the statement of these 
 people, and then we will hasten back to the 
 Major." 
 
 " And I dare say," said Swinton as he re- 
 mounted his horse, " that you will make old
 
 320 THE MISSION. 
 
 Daaka a more handsome present, for proving 
 himself no relation to you, than if he had satis- 
 factorily established himself as your own first 
 cousin." 
 
 " You may be sure that my gratitude to- 
 wards him is much greater than ever could 
 have been my kindred feelings from relation- 
 ship. I am so light-hearted, Swinton, and 
 so grateful to God, that I almost wish to dis- 
 mount in my anxiety to return my thanks ; 
 but I do so in my heart of hearts, at all 
 events." 
 
 On the following day, they arrived at Daa- 
 ka's kraal, and then Alexander took down 
 very carefully in writing the statements made 
 by Daaka and the other Caffres. They all 
 agreed on the one point, which was, that the 
 European descendants now living in the 
 country were wrecked in another vessel many 
 years before the loss of the Grosvenor, and 
 that not one of the Grosvenor's people — men.
 
 THE MISSION. 321 
 
 women or children — had survived, except the 
 few who arrived at the Cape. 
 
 Having obtained these satisfactory docu- 
 ments, they made a handsome present to Da- 
 aka and the other Caffres, and immediately set 
 out upon their return to the wagons. As they 
 journeyed back to the westward, they found 
 the Caffres quitting their huts and driving 
 away the cattle, that they might not fall into 
 the power of the army of Quetoo, which it was 
 said was now in motion, and scattering the 
 tribes before them. As our traveller^ were not 
 at all anxious to have any communication with 
 these savage invaders, in two days they crossed 
 the Umtata, and towards the evening were 
 within sight of the wagons. A shout from the 
 Hottentots and Caffres gave notice of their 
 approach. The shout was returned, and in 
 a few minutes they were shaking hands 
 with the Major, who was delighted to see 
 them. 
 
 VOL. I. Y
 
 322 THE MISSION. 
 
 " I did not expect you back so soon," 
 replied the Major; "and as I perceive that 
 you are unaccompanied, I presume that your 
 Caffre relations would not quit their kraals." 
 
 " You shall know all about it, Major, very 
 soon ; it will be enough at present to let you 
 know that we have nothing but good news." 
 
 "That I rejoice to hear ;* but it was well you 
 came back as you did, for I have been making 
 every preparation, and had you not returned 
 in a few days, I should have retreated; the 
 invaders are close at hand." 
 
 " We know it, and if they are told that there 
 are wagons here well loaded, they will come on 
 quickly with the hopes of plunder, so we must 
 delay no longer," replied Alexander; " to-morrow 
 we will yoke and set off. We can determine 
 upon our route as we are travelling, but the 
 first point is to retreat from this quarter." 
 
 " Exactly ; the oxen are in prime order and 
 can make a long day's march, and we know
 
 THE MISSION. 323 
 
 our country for some days at all events; but 
 enter my fortress, dismount, and let us go 
 into the tent which I have pitched. You shall 
 then tell me your adventures, while Mahommed 
 fries a delicate piece of elephant's flesh for 
 you." 
 
 ** Have you killed an elephant ?" 
 " Yes, but not without much difficulty and 
 some danger, I assure you ; I wanted your help 
 sadly, for these Hottentots are too much 
 alarmed to take good aim, and I had only my 
 own rifle to trust to ; but I have done very 
 well, considering, and I shall prove to our 
 commander-in-chief that I have supplied the 
 garrison without putting him to any expense 
 during his absence. We have been feeding 
 upon green monkeys for three days, and very 
 good eating they are, if you do not happen 
 upon a very old one." 
 
 When they entered the inclosure made by 
 the Major, they were surprised at the state of
 
 324 THE MISSION. 
 
 defence in which he had put it. His hedge of 
 thorns upon rocks piled up was impregnable, 
 and the wagons were in the centre, drawn up 
 in a square ; the entrance would only admit 
 one person at a time, and was protected by 
 bars at night. 
 
 " Why, Major, you might have held out 
 against the whole force of the Amaquibi in 
 this position." 
 
 " Yes, provided I had provisions and water," 
 rephed the Major; "but I fear they would 
 soon have starved me out; however, it was as 
 well to be prepared against any sudden night 
 attack, and therefore I fortified my camp — 
 now come in, and welcome back again." 
 
 The news which they had to impart to the 
 Major was soon given, and he was highly 
 delighted at the intelligence ; " and now," 
 said he, "what do you mean to do, Wilmot? 
 — go back again, of course, but by what 
 route ?"
 
 THE MISSION. 325 
 
 " Why, Major, you and Swinton have been 
 so kind in coming with me thus far, and I have 
 been so successful in ray expedition, that I 
 shall now leave you to decide as you please. 
 I have effected all that I wished, my business 
 is over, and I am ready to meet you in any 
 way you choose ; any thing you decide upon, I 
 shall agree to willingly and join in heartily, 
 so now speak your wishes." 
 
 " Well, I will speak mine very frankly," 
 replied the Major. " We have had some sport in 
 this country, it is true, but not so much as I 
 could have wished ; for game is rather scarce, 
 with the exception of elephants and sea-cows. 
 Now I should like to cross the mountains, 
 and get into the Bechuana and Bushman 
 country, where game is as plentiful as I 
 beheve water is scarce ; we can return that 
 way, if you please, almost as well as we can 
 through the Caffre country — what say you, 
 Swinton ? "
 
 326 THE MISSION. 
 
 " Well, I am of your opinion. As Wilraot 
 says, business is over and we have nothing to 
 do but to amuse ourselves ; I am very anxious 
 to pass through that country, as I shall add 
 greatly to my collections, I have no doubt ; 
 but it must not be expected that we shall fare 
 as well as we have done in this ; it will be the 
 dry season, and we may be in want of water 
 occasionally." 
 
 " I am equally desirous of going through 
 that country, where I hope to shoot a giraffe, — 
 that is my great ambition," replied Wilmot ; 
 " therefore, we may consider that we are all 
 agreed and the affair is settled ; but the ques- 
 tion is, how shall we proceed back ? We must 
 return to Hinza's territory and send back 
 the Caffres. Shall we return to Butter- 
 worth ?" 
 
 " I think that must depend upon circum- 
 stances, and we can talk it over as we go along ;
 
 THE RUSSION. 327 
 
 the first point to ascertain is, the best pas- 
 sage over the mountains ; and it appears to me 
 that we shall be diverging much too far to the 
 eastward if we return to Butterworth ; but the 
 CafFres will soon give us the necessary infor- 
 mation." 
 
 " I wonder if the quarrel between Hinza and 
 Voosani has been made up," said Alexander; 
 " for we must pass through the Tamboukie 
 tribe if* we cross the mountains, and if there is 
 war between them, we may meet with diffi- 
 culty/' 
 
 " We shall hear as soon as we have crossed 
 the Bashee river," replied Swinton; "and 
 then we must decide accordingly. All that 
 can be settled now is, that to-morrow we 
 start on our return, and that we will cross the 
 mountains, if we possibly can." 
 
 " Yes, that is decided," replied Alexander. 
 
 "Well, then, as soon as you have finished
 
 328 THE MISSION. 
 
 your elephant steak, Wilmot, we will get out 
 a bottle of wine, drink the first half of it 
 to congratulate you upon the success of your 
 Mission, and the other half shall be poured 
 out in bumpers to a happy return. 
 
 END OF VOL. I. 
 
 Printed by J. o. H. Cox, 74 Sc75,Gt. Queen Street.
 
 October, 1846. 
 
 A CATALOGUE or 
 
 NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS 
 
 PRINTED FOR 
 
 MESSRS. LONGMAN, BROWN. GREEN, AND LONGMANS, 
 LONDQN. 
 
 CLASSIFIED INDEX. 
 
 AGRICULTURE & RURAL AFFAIRS. 
 
 Pages 
 
 Bayldon on VaiuJiigr Rents, etc. - • 6 
 
 Crocker's Land Surveying - - - 9 
 
 Davy's Agricultural Chemistry - - » 
 
 Greenwoods (Col.) Tree-Lifter - - 12 
 
 Johnson's Karmer's Eneyclopadia - - 15 
 
 Loudon's Kncyclopaedia of Agriculture - IS 
 
 ,, Self-Instruction for Farmers, etc. 18 
 
 ,, (Mrs.) Lady'sCountry Companion 18 
 
 Low's Breedsof the DomesticHlcdAnimals 19 
 
 ,, Klements of Agriculture - - 19 
 
 ,, On Landed Property • - • 18 
 
 ,, On the Domesticated Animals • 19 
 
 Thomson on Fattening Cattle, etc.- - 3U 
 
 ARTS, MANUFACTURES, AND 
 ARCHITECTURE. 
 
 Brande's Dictionary of Science, etc. - T 
 
 Buckler's St. Alban's Abbey - - - 7 
 
 Budge's Miner's Guide . - - - 7 
 
 Cartoons (The Prize) .... 8 
 
 Oresv's Encycl. of Civil F.ngineering - 9 
 
 De Burtin on the Knowledge of Pictures 9 
 
 Gwilt's Encvclopsedia of Architecture - 13 
 
 Havdon's Lectures on Painting & Design 13 
 
 Holland's Manufactures in Metal - - 14 
 
 Lerebours On Photography - - - 1/ 
 
 Loudon's Rural Architecture - - - 18 
 
 Mnseley's Kcigineering and Architecture 2J 
 
 Porter's Manufacture of Silk - - - 24 
 
 ,, ,, Porcelain & Glass 24 
 
 Reid (Dr.) on Warming and Ventilating 2.^ 
 
 Steam Kogine (The) , by the Artisan Club 6 
 
 Ure'fi Uittiouary of Arts, etc. - - ^1 
 
 BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Aikin's Life of Addison . . - . S 
 
 Bell's Lives of the British Poets - - 6 
 
 Dover's Life of the King of Prussia - - 10 
 
 Dunham's Karly Writers of Britain - 10 
 
 ,, Lives of the British Dramatists 10 
 
 Forster's Statesmen of the Commonwealth 1 1 
 
 LifeofJebb - - - - II 
 
 Gleig's British Military Commanders - 12 
 
 Grant (Mrs.) Memoir and Correspoiideuce 12 
 
 James's Lifeof the Black Prince - 15 
 
 ,, Eminent Foreign Statesmen - 15 
 
 Ldl's (M.) Life of Dost Mohammed - - 21 
 
 Leslie's Life of Constable - - - 1" 
 
 Life of a Travelling Physician - - 17 
 
 Mackintosh's Life of Sir T. More - - 19 
 
 Maunder'sBiographicalTreasurv - 20 
 
 Mignet's Antonio Perez and Philip II. - 21 
 
 Roberts's Life of th<^ Duke of Monmouth 25 
 
 Roscoe's Lives of Eminent British Lawyers 2G 
 
 Russell's Bedford Correspondeuce - 6 
 
 Shelley's Literary Men of^ Italy, etc. - '27 
 
 ,, Eminent French Writers - 27 
 
 Southcy's Lives of the British Admirals - 28 
 
 Life of Wesley - - - - 28 
 
 Page 
 
 Townsind's Twelve eminent Judges - 30 
 \\'atertou's Autobiography and E.ssays - 32 
 
 BOOKS OF GENERAL UTILITY.' 
 
 Acton's (Eliza) Cookery Book 
 Black's 'Treatise on Brewing - 
 
 ,, Supplement on Bavarian Beer 
 Collegian's Guide . . . - 
 Donovan's Domestic Economy 
 Hand-Book of Taste 
 Hints on Etiquette ... - 
 Hudson's Parent's Hand-Book 
 
 ,, Executor's (luide 
 
 ,, On Making Wills 
 Loudon's Self Instruction 
 
 (Mrs.) Amateur Gardener 
 Maunder's Treasury of Knowledge - 
 
 ,, Scientific and Literary Treasury 
 
 „ Treasury of History 
 
 ,, Biographical Treasury - 
 
 Parkes's Domestic Duties 
 Pycroft's Course of English Reading 
 Reader's Time Tables - - - 
 Riddle's Eng.-Lat. and Lat.-Eng. Diet. 
 Robinson's Art of Curing, Pickling, etc. 
 Rowton's Debater - - - - 
 Short Whist ..... 
 Thomson's Management of Sick Room 
 
 ,, Interest Tables 
 
 Toralins' Law Dictionary - . - 
 Walker's Dictionary, bi- Smirt 
 Webster's Encycl. u! Domestic Economy 
 
 BOTANY AND GARDENING. 
 
 Abcrcrombic's Practical Gardener 
 
 ,, and Main's Gardener 
 
 Cnllcott's Scripture Herbal 
 Conversations on Botany ... 
 
 Drummond's First Steps to Botany - 
 Glcndinning On the Pine Apple ' - 
 Greenwood's (Col.) Trce-Lilter 
 Henslow's Botany ..... 
 Hoarc On the Grape Vint on Open Walls 
 
 ,, On the Roots of Vines - 
 Hooker's British Flora . . . - 
 ,, and Taylor's MuscologiaBritannica 
 Jackson's Pictorial Flora - 
 Lindley's Theory of Horticulture - 
 
 ,, Orchard and Kitchen Gan'en - 
 Introduction to Botany - 
 
 ,, Flora Medii 
 
 ,, Synopsis of British Flora - 
 
 Loudon^s Hortus Britannicus • 
 
 ,, Hortus Lignusus Londinensis • 
 ,, Encyclopedia of Trees & Shrubs 
 ,, ,, Gnrdening 
 
 ,, •• Plants 
 
 ,, Suburban Gardener - - . 
 ,, Self-Instruction for Gardeners 
 (Mr.) Amateur Gardener - 
 
 Repton's Landscape Gardening, etc. 
 
 Rivers's Rose Amateur's Guide 
 
 Ix>!i(loti: Printed by M. Mason, Ivy Lane, Puternoster Row,
 
 CLASSIIIED INDKX 
 
 Hogers's Vegetable Cultivator - • - 26 
 
 Schleideu'8 Scienti6c Botany . - - 26 
 
 Smith's Introduction to Botany - - 27 
 
 ,, English Flora - - - - 2? 
 
 ,, Compendium of English Flora - 27 
 
 CHRONOLOGY. 
 
 Blair's Chronologicia Tables . - - 6 
 
 Nicolas's Chronology of History - - 23 
 
 Itiddle's Ecclesiastical Chronology - - 25 
 
 Tate's Horatius Restitutus - - - "29 
 
 COMMERCE AND MERCANTILE 
 AFFAIRS. 
 
 Baylis's Arithmetic of Annuities - - 6 
 
 (Jilbart On Banking . - - - H 
 
 Lorimer's Letters to a Master Mariner - 17 
 
 M'Culloch's Dictionary of Commerce - 20 
 
 Reader's Time Tables - - - - 25 
 
 Steel's Shipmaster's Assistant - - - 28 
 
 Tate's Naval Bookkeeping - - - 29 
 
 Thomson's Tables of Interest - . - 30 
 
 Walford's Customs' Laws . - - 31 
 
 GEOGRAPHY AND ATLASES. 
 
 Butler's Ancient and Modern Geography 7 
 
 „ Atlas of Modern Geography - 8 
 
 ,, ,, Ancient Geography - 8 
 
 ,, ,, General Geography - 8 
 
 Cooley's World Surveyed ... 8 
 
 De Strzelecki's New South Wales . - 10 
 
 Forster's Historical Geography of Arabia 1! 
 
 Hall's Large General Atlas ... 13 
 
 M'Culloch's Geographical Dictionary . 19 
 
 Murray's Encyelopicdia of Geography . 22 
 
 Ordnance Maps, and Publications of the 
 
 Geological Society - - - - 23 
 
 Parrot's Ascent of Mount Ararat - . 8 
 
 HISTORY AND CRITICISM. 
 
 Adair's (Sir R.) Mission to Vienna . - 5 
 " Constantinople ... - a 
 Addison's Historvof the KnightsTemplars 5 
 „ History of the Temple Church 5 
 Bell 3 History of Russia .... 6 
 Blair's Chron. and Historical Tables . 6 
 Bloom6eld's Translation of Thucydides . 6 
 ,, Edition of Thucydides . - C 
 Cooley's Maritime and Inland Discovery S 
 Crowe's History of F'rance - - . 9 
 Dahlmaiin's English Revolution . . 9 
 De Sismondi's Fall of the Roman Empire 10 
 ,, Italian Hepublics - - 10 
 Dunham's History of Spain and Portugal 10 
 ,, Europe in the Middle Ages - 10 
 ,, History of the (iennau Empire 10 
 ,, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway 10 
 ,, History of Poland ... 10 
 Dunlop's History of Fiction . . 10 
 Eccli-ston's English Anti<|uilie9 - - 10 
 Fergus's United States ol America ■ 11 
 (irant (Mrs.) Memoir and Corcspondencc 12 
 Grattan's History of Netherlands • • 12 
 Grimblot's William III. and Louis XIV. 12 
 (iuicciardini's Hist. Maxims . . .13 
 Halsted's Life of Richard III. - - 13 
 Ilavdon'sLecturcfion Paintingand Design 13 
 Historical Pictures of the Middle Ages - 13 
 Horsley's (Bp.) Biblical Criticism . . 14 
 .lelTrcv's (Lord) Contributions . -IS 
 Keiglitley's Outlines of History - . 16 
 Laing's Kings of Norway - . _ 1(! 
 I,empri(!rc's Classical Dictionary . . 17 
 Macaulay's Essays - ... 19 
 Maikinnon's History of Civilisation . 19 
 Mackintosh's History of England . - 19 
 „ Miscellaneous Works . 19 
 M'Culloch's Dictionary, Historical, Geo- 
 graphical, and Statistical . . 19 
 
 Maunder's Treasury of History 
 Mignet's Antonio Perez and Philip II. - 
 Milner's Church History - - - . 
 Moore's History of Ireland ... 
 Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History - 
 Muller's Mythology ..... 
 Nicolas's Chronology of History 
 Rauke's History of the Reformation 
 Roberts's Duke of Monmouth . 
 
 Rome, History of 
 
 Russell's Bedford Correspondence . 
 Scott's Historyof Scotland 
 Sinnett's Byways of History ... 
 Stebbing's History of the Christian Church 
 
 ,, History of the Reformation 
 
 ,, Church History 
 
 Switzerland, History of . 
 Sydney Smith's Works .... 
 Thirlwall's History of Greece ... 
 Tooke's History of Prices ... 
 
 Turner's History of England - 
 Tytlcr's Elements of General History - 
 Zumpt's Latin Grammar .... 
 
 JUVENILE BOOKS. 
 
 Amy Herbert ...... 
 
 Boy's (The) Own Book . . . - 
 
 Gertrude _....-- 
 
 Gower's Scientific Phenomena 
 
 Hawes's Tales of the N. American Indians 
 
 Howitt's Boy's Country Book ... 
 
 Laneton Parsonage ..... 
 
 Mackintosh's Life. )f Sir T. More - 
 
 Marcel's Conversations— 
 
 On the History of England 
 
 On Chemistry 
 
 On Natural Philosophy ... 
 On Political Economy . . - 
 On Vegetable Physiology . . - 
 On Land and Water .... 
 On Language . - . . - 
 
 Marryat's IVlasterman Ready ... 
 ,, Privaleer's-Man - - - 
 
 ,, Settlers in Canada - 
 „ Mission; or. Scenes in Africa 
 
 Pycroft's Course of English Reading 
 
 MEDICINE. 
 
 Bull's Hints to Mothers - 
 
 ,, Management of Cliildrcn 
 Copland 's Dictionary of Medicine - 
 Elliot.son's Human Physiology 
 Esdaile's Mesmerism in India . 
 Holland's Medical Notes - 
 Lane's Water Cure at Malvern 
 Pereira On Food and Diet 
 Recce's Medical Guide • 
 Sandby On Mesmerism . 
 Thomson on Food .... 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 Acts of Parliament of Scotland 
 Bray's Philosophy ofNccessity 
 Cartoons (The Prize) . . . . 
 Clavers's Forest Life . . . . 
 
 Cocks's Bordeaux, its Wines, etc. - 
 Collegian's Guide • - - . . 
 Colton's Lacon -.-... 
 De Burtin On the Knowledge of Pictures 
 De Morgan On Probabilities - 
 De Strzelecki's New South Wales - 
 Dunlop's History of Fiction 
 Good's Book of Nature , . 
 Gower's Scientific Phenomena 
 Graham's Englii 
 
 Grant's Letters from the Mountains 
 Guest's Mabinogion . - ■ - 
 Hand-Book of 'Taste 
 Hobbes's (Thos.) complete Works
 
 ID MESSItS. LONGMAN A S D CO. ^ CATAl.OGL'L. 
 
 Pages 
 
 Honitfs Rural Life of KiiKlaiid • - 14 
 
 ,, Viaim to Remarkable Places - 14 
 
 ,, Student Life of Uerniaiir - - 14 
 
 I, KitralaiidSocial Life of Oermatiy 14 
 
 ,, Culoiiisalioii and Cliristiuuilr - 14 
 
 Jeffrey's (Lord) Cuutributioiis . ' . li 
 
 Kiiiif's fCol.) Argentine Republic • - I'i 
 
 Lane's Life at the Water Cure - - 16 
 
 Life of a Travelling Physieiau - - - 10 
 Lou.lon'»(.Mr».)Lady'sCouiilr)Companion 17 
 
 Mneaulay'ii Critical and Historical Kssays ItJ 
 Maehiiitosli's'Sir J.) Miacellancous Works IS 
 
 Maitland's Church in Catacombs - - 2U 
 
 Michelet's Priests, Women, and Families '21 
 
 ,, The People - - - - 21 
 
 MUller's Mythology ----- 22 
 
 Neclier DeSaiissure's CD Education - 22 
 
 Porrv On (ierraan University Education - 23 
 
 Peter Plymley's Letters - - - - 24 
 
 Pycroft's English Course of Reading . 24 
 
 Rojfet's Kconomie Chess-board - - 26 
 
 Ruwton's Debater - . - . 26 
 
 Sandbv (in Mesmerism . - - • 26 
 
 ^andford's Paroehialia - - - - 26 
 
 Seaward 's Narrative of his Shipwreck - 26 
 
 SoiUhey's Commonplace Book - - '28 
 
 Tne Uottor . - - - 28 
 
 Sydney Smith's Works - . - - '27 
 
 Taylor's Statesman . . - . 29 
 
 Thomson on Food of Animals, etc. - - 30 
 
 Walker's Chess Studies - - - - 31 
 
 Welsfi.rd On the English Lang-uage - 32 
 
 Willoughby's (La.ly) Diary - - - 32 
 
 Zutupt's Latin (irummar - - . - 32 
 
 NATURAL HISTORY IN GENERAL. 
 
 ubleday's Butterfl _ 
 Drummon'd's Letters to a Naturalist 
 Gray's Figures of Molluscous Animal! 
 
 ,, anil Mitchell's Ornithology - 
 Kirby and Spence's Entomology 
 Lee's Taiidermy - - • 
 
 .. Elements of Natural History - 
 ll's Ziiolog)- of the F.nglish Poet 
 
 Stepl 
 Swainso 
 
 •BrilisliColeopt 
 on the Study of Natural History 
 Animals' 
 Quadrupeds 
 
 iMc 
 
 Fish 
 Ii 
 
 ipbibia 
 L-ology 
 
 Mala ,, 
 
 ,, Habits and Instincts - 
 
 ,, Taxidermy - - - 
 
 Turtnn'sShellsof the British Islands 
 
 Waterlon's Essays on Natu 
 
 We, IV 
 
 od's CIn 
 
 of Ins 
 
 Zoology of 11. M. S.s' Erebus and Terror 32 
 
 NOVELS AND WORKS OF FICTION. 
 Brav's (Mrs.) Novels - ... 7 
 Uuiilop's History of Fiction ... 10 
 
 Fawn ofSertorius 11 
 
 Margaret Russell 2U 
 
 Marrjat's Masterman Readr - . . 20 
 
 „ Privatcer's-Man ' - - .20 
 
 „ Settlers in Canada - - - 'J) 
 
 „ Mission; or, Scenes in Africa 20 
 
 Pericles, A Tale of Athena - - -23 
 
 Soutbev's, The Doctor, etc. - . . '28 
 
 Willis s (N. P.) Dashes at Life - - 32 
 
 ONE VOLUME ENCYCLOP/EDIAS 
 AND DICTIONARIES. 
 
 Blaine's, of llnral Sports .... 6 
 Brande's, of Science, Literature, and Art 7 
 
 Copland's, of Medicine 
 Cresy's, of Civil Engin 
 
 Pagea 
 
 Givilt'i 
 
 of Arehite 
 
 Johns 
 
 Loudon's, of Trees and Shrubs 
 
 ,, ofOardeniiig 
 
 „ of Agriculture - - - 
 
 „ of Plants - - . . 
 
 ,, ol Rural Architecture 
 M'Cullocb's Geographical Dictionary 
 
 ,, Dietinnaty of Commvrec 
 
 Murray's Encvclopiedia of Geography 
 Ure's Arts, ^('auuractures, and Mines 
 Webster's Domestic Economy 
 
 32 
 
 POETRY AND THE DRAMA. 
 
 Aikiu's (Dr.) British Poets - - - 26 
 
 Ballads of the East 6 
 
 Bargcr's Leonora, by Cameron - - 7 
 
 Chaleuor's Walter Gray . - - - 8 
 
 ,, Poetical Remains ■ • ■ 8 
 
 Collier's Roxburghe Ballads - - - 8 
 
 Costcllo's Persian Rose (iarden - - 9 
 
 Dante, translated by Wright - - - 9 
 
 Goldsmith's Poems - - . - . 12 
 
 Gray's Elegy, illuminated - - - 12 
 
 Horace, by Tate ----- 29 
 
 Howitt's (Mary) Ballads - - - 15 
 
 L.E.L.'s Poetical Works - - . 17 
 
 Liuwood's Anthologia Oxoniensis - 17 
 
 Macaulay's Lavs of Ancient Rome - - 19 
 
 Mackay's English Lakes - - . . 19 
 Montgomery's Poetical Works - .21 
 
 Moore's Poetical Works - - - - 21 
 
 „ Lalla Rookh - - - - 22 
 
 ,, Irish Melodies . • - - 22 
 
 Moral of Flowers 22 
 
 Poet's Pleasaunce - - - . - 24 
 
 Pope's Works 24 
 
 Reynard the Fox ----- 25 
 
 Shakspeare, by Bowdler - - - 27 
 
 Sheldon's Miiistrelsy - - - - 27 
 
 Sophocles, by Liuwood .... 27 
 
 Southey's Poetical Works - . - 28 
 
 „ Oliver Newman - - . '28 
 
 ,, British Poets • - - - 26 
 
 Spirit of the Woods - - - - 28 
 
 Thomson's Seasons - - . - 29 
 
 Turner's Richard HI. . - - - 31 
 
 Watts's (A. A.) Lyrics of the Heart - 32 
 
 POLITICAL ECONOMY AND 
 STATISTICS. 
 
 Gilbart on Banking ----- 11 
 M'Cullocb's Geographical, Statistical, aud 
 
 Historical Dictionary - . - 19 
 
 M'Culloch's Dictionary of Commerce - 'JO 
 
 „ Literature of Polit. Economy 19 
 
 I, On Taxation aud Funding - 19 
 
 ,, Statistics of the British Empire 19 
 
 Marat's Conversations on Polit. Economy 20 
 
 Thornton iin Over-population - . - 3ll 
 
 Tookc's History of Prices - - - 30 
 
 Twiss's Oregon Question Examined . 31 
 
 RELIGIOUS AND MORAL 
 WORKS. ETC. 
 
 Amy Herbert, editid I. V lUv W. Senell 5 
 
 Bailey's Essays on the Pursuit of Truth . 6 
 
 Bloomfield'sOrcek Testament - - 7 
 
 ,, College and School ditto 7 
 
 ,, Lexicon to Greek Testament 7 
 
 Buriis's Christian Philosophy - . - 7 
 
 ,, Christian Fragments - - - 7 
 
 Callcott's Scripture Herbal - - - 8 
 
 Cooper's Sermons - - - - - 9 
 
 Dale's Domestic Liturgy - - - 9 
 
 Dibdin's Sunday Library - . - -10
 
 Doddridge*8 Family Expositor 
 
 Knglishman's Hebrew Coucordance - 11 
 
 ,, Greek Concordance - - 11 
 
 Etheridge's Syrian Churches - - 11 
 
 I'itzrpy's (Lady) Scripture Conversations 11 
 
 Forster's Historical Geography of Arabia 11 
 
 „ Life of BishopJebb ... 11 
 
 From Oxford to Rome - - - - 11 
 
 Gertrude, edited by the Rev. W. Sewell - 11 
 
 Hook's (Dr.) Lectures on Passion Week 14 
 
 Home's Introduction to the Scriptures - 14 
 
 ,, Compendium of ditto - - 14 
 
 Horsley's (Bp.) Biblical Criticism - - 14 
 
 ,, Psalms ----- 14 
 
 Jebb's Protestant Kempis - - - 15 
 
 „ Pastoral Instructions - 15 
 
 ,, Correspondence with Knox 15 
 
 Knox's (Alexander) Remains - - - 16 
 
 Laing's Notes on the German Schism - ]6 
 
 Laneton Parsonage ----- 16 
 
 Letters to my Unknown Friends - - 17 
 
 Maitland's Church in the Catacombs - 20 
 
 Marriage Gift ------ iO 
 
 Michelei's Priests, Women, and Families 2I 
 
 „ and Quinet's Jesuits - - 21 
 
 Milner's Church Historv - - - ■ 21 
 
 Moore on the Power of the Soul - - 22 
 
 M on the Use of the Body - - 22 
 
 Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History - - 22 
 
 Parables (The) 23 
 
 Parkes's Domestic Duties - - - 23 
 
 Peter Plymley's Letters - - - - 24 
 
 Pitman's Sermons on the Psalms - - 24 
 
 Quinet's Christianity - - - - 25 
 
 Riddle's Letters from a Godfather - - 25 
 
 Robinson's Greek and Knglish Lexicon 26 
 
 Saudford On Female Improvement - 26 
 
 „ On Woman - - - . or 
 
 ,, 's Parochialia . - - - 26 
 
 Sermon on the Mount (The) - - - 2/ 
 
 Shepherd's Horis Apostolica; - - 27 
 
 Smith's Female Disciple - - - - 27 
 
 ,, (G.) Perilous Times . - . 27 
 
 ,( Religion of Ancient Britain 27 
 
 Southey's Life of Wesley - . - 28 
 
 Stebbing's Church History . . - 2S 
 
 Sydney Smith's Sermons - - - 27 
 
 Tate's History of St. Paul ... 29 
 
 Tayler's(Rev.'C.B.)Margaret;or,thePenrl29 
 
 ,, ), Sermons - - 29 
 
 „ „ Dora Melder - - 29 
 
 ,, ,, Lady Mary - - 29 
 
 Taylor's (Jeremy) Works - . - 29 
 
 Tomline's Christian Theology - - - 30 
 
 ,, Introduction to the Bible - 30 
 
 TroUope's Analecta Theologica - - 30 
 
 Turner's Sacred History ... 31 
 
 VV'ardlaw On Socinian Controversy . 32 
 
 Weil's Bible, Koran, and Talmud - - 31 
 
 Whitley's Life Everlasting - - - 32 
 
 Wilberforce's View of Christianity - 32 
 
 Willoughby's (Lady) Diary - . .32 
 
 RURAL SPORTS. 
 
 Blalne'sDi( tioiinrvfif Spor;s . . . f, 
 
 Hansard's I'isbnii; ill \\;lI,s - . 13 
 
 Hawker'sInstriH lions 1.1 Sportsmen . 13 
 Loudon's(Mr.s.) I, adv'.'- Connlry Companion 18 
 
 Stable Talk and Table Talk . - - 28 
 
 THE SCIENCES IN GENERAL, 
 AND MATHEMATICS. 
 
 Bakcwell's Introduction to ecology - 6 
 
 Balmain's I.CHSonson Chemistry - - I) 
 
 Brandc's Dictionary of Science, etc. - 7 
 
 Brewster's Optics ----- 7 
 DelaBechcon theOcology ofCornwall, etc. 9 
 
 Donovan's Chemistry - - - 
 
 Elliot's Geometry ----- 10 
 
 Farcy on the Steam Hngine - - - 11 
 
 Fosbroke on the Arts of the Ancients - 11 
 
 Gower's Scientific Phenomena - - 12 
 
 Greener on the Gun - - - - 12 
 
 Herschel's Natural Philosophy - - 13 
 
 ,, Astronomy - - - - 13 
 
 Holland's Manufactures in Metal - - 1-4 
 
 Humboldt's Cosmos . - - - 15 
 
 Hunt's Researches on Light - - - 15 
 
 Kane's Elements of Chemistry - - 13 
 
 Kater and Lardner's Mechanics - - Ifi 
 
 La Place's System of the World - - 16 
 
 Lardner's Cabinet Cyelopiedia - - ^*? 
 
 ,, Hydrostatics and Pneumatics - 1*^ 
 
 „ and Walker's Electiicity - 10 
 
 „ Arithmetic - - - - Ifi 
 
 „ Geometry - - - . 16 
 
 ,, Treatise on Heat - - - 16 
 
 Lerebours On Photography - - - 17 
 
 Lloyd On Light and Vision - - - 17 
 
 Low's Chemistry - - - - - IS 
 
 Mackenzie's Physiology of Vision - - 19 
 
 Marcel's Conversations on the Sciences, 20 
 
 Memoirs of the Geological Survey - - 21 
 
 Moseley's Practical Mechanics . - 22 
 
 ,, Engineering and Architecture 22 
 
 Nesbit's Mensuration - - - - 22 
 
 Owen's Lectures On Comparative Anatomy 23 
 
 Pearson's Practical Astronomy - - 23 
 
 Peschel's Physics 24 
 
 Phillips's PalieozoicFossilsof Cornwall, cte. 24 
 
 „ Guide to Geology - - - 24 
 
 ,, Treatise on Geology - - - 24 
 
 ,, Introduction to Mineralogy - 24 
 
 Poisson's Mechanics - - - - 24 
 
 Portlock's Geology of Londonderry - 24 
 
 Powell's Natural Philosophy - - - 24 
 
 QuarterlyJourualofthe Geological Society 24 
 
 Ritchie (Robert) on Railways - - 25 
 
 Roberts's Dictionary of Geology - - 25 
 
 Thomson's Algebra - - - - 30 
 
 TRAVELS. 
 
 I Allan's Mediterranean - - - - 5 
 
 Cooley's World Surveyed - - - s 
 
 CostcUo's (Miss3 North Wales - - 9 
 
 De Custine's Russia . . . . c, 
 
 De Strzelecki's New South Wales - - 10 
 
 Erman's Travels through Siberia - - S 
 
 Harris's Highlands of Ethiopia - - 13 
 
 Hewitt's (R.) Australia Felix - - 15 
 
 King's (Col.) Argentine Republic - - 16 
 
 Laing's Notes of a Traveller - - - 16 
 
 ,, Tourin Sweden - - - - 16 
 
 Life of a Travelling Physician - - I7 
 
 Mackay's English Lakes - - .19 
 
 Montauban's Wanderings - - - 21 
 
 Parrot's Ascent of Mount Ararat - . 8 
 
 Paton's (A. A.) Servia . . - . o.-f 
 
 ,, Modern Syrians - - 23 
 
 Pedestrian Reminiscences . - - 23 
 
 Seaward's Narrative of his Shipwreck - 26 
 
 Tischendorf'sTravels in Russia - - 30 
 
 Von Orlich'sTr,avels in India- - - 31 
 
 VETERINARY MEDICINE 
 
 Field's Veterinary Records - - -11 
 
 Miles On the Horse's Foot - - - 21 
 
 Morton's Veterinary Toxicological Chart 22 
 
 „ ,, Medicine - - 22 
 
 Percivall's Hippopathology - - - 23 
 
 ,, Anatomy of the Horse - - 23 
 Spooncr on the Foot and Legof the Horse 2H 
 
 Stable Talk and Talilc Talk - - - 28 
 
 Thomson on Fattening Cattle - . 30 
 
 TurnerOn the Foot of the Horse - - 31 
 
 Winter On the Horse - - - .32
 
 NEW WORKS AND NEW EDITIONS. 
 
 ABKRCROMBIE.— ABERCROMBIE'S PRACTICAL GARDENER, AND 
 
 IMPnOVEl) SYSTEM OK MODKRN IIORTlCULrUUK, nliihalutitfilly urriiiigiil. 4lh 
 Ktiitiuii, with nn Introductory Treatise ou Vegetable Physiology, and Plates by W.&niisbury. 
 12mo. (is. boards. 
 
 ABERCROMBIE AND MAIN.— THE PRACTICAL GARDENER'S COM- 
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