UC-NRLF 
 
 SB Efl4 
 
LIBRARY 
 
 OF THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. 
 
 i 
 
 Claxs 
 
LIBRARY AIDS 
 
 BY 
 
 SAMUEL S. GREEN 
 
 Librarian of the Free Public Library \ Worcester \ Mass* 
 
 REVISED AND ENLARGED EDITION 
 
 WITH REFERENCES FROM POOLE'S u INDEX," AND A CHAPTER 
 
 ON " BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING" FROM 
 FOSTER'S lt LIBRARIES AND READERS " 
 
 NEW YORK 
 F. LKYPOLDT, PUBLISHER 
 
 1883 
 
Copyright : , 1883. 
 BY F. LEYPOLDT, 
 
 CHAS. M. GREEN PRINTING COMPANY, 
 PRINTERS, EI.ECTROTVPERS, A n BINDERS, 
 
 74 and 76 Pee!cman St., and 
 13 and 15 Vandewater St., New York. 
 
PUBLISHERS NOTE. 
 
 IT was at the request of the publisher that Mr. 
 Green kindly consented to prepare a revised edition 
 of his valuable paper on " Library Aids," read at the 
 Baltimore Conference of Librarians, February, 1881. 
 The paper was first printed in the Library Journal, 
 April, 1881, and subsequently was published for dis- 
 tribution as a separate pamphlet by the Bureau of 
 Education, for a purpose clearly indicated in the fol- 
 lowing note, printed on the title-page of the pamphlet: 
 
 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, 
 BUREAU OF EDUCATION, 
 
 WASHINGTON, March 24, 1881. 
 
 The following article by Samuel S. Green, Esq., the accom- 
 plished and well-known Librarian of the Worcester (Mass.) 
 Free Public Library, answers many inquiries addressed to 
 this Office as to the sources of information respecting the es- 
 tablishment and conduct of libraries. 
 
 It is impossible for the Office to publish at present fuller or 
 more complete suggestions of this character. 
 
 JOHN EATON, 
 
 Commissioner. 
 
 The publisher has every reason to believe that the 
 re-issue of this paper, revised to date, will be appre- 
 ciated by all who are interested in library matters. 
 
 102888 
 
Piiblishcrs Note. 
 
 He has added, with the kind permission of the au- 
 thors, the library references from Poole's " Index to 
 Periodicals, "and the chapter on " Books and Articles 
 on Reading," from " Libraries and Readers," by 
 W. E. Foster; also the bibliography references from 
 the " American Catalogue," and (without permission, 
 a liberty which the publisher feels assured the authors 
 will forgive for the good purpose sake) the library 
 authorities quoted in that admirable article on '' Li- 
 braries," by H. R. Tedder and E. C. Thomas, in the 
 "Encyclopaedia Britannica." 
 
 There is, perhaps, a raison d'etre for the appendix 
 of publishers' pages, since all contain "works for the 
 library." 
 
 It is hoped that this little volume may form the 
 foundation of a "Library Annual,-" having for chief 
 features a topical record of the more prominent bibli- 
 ographies, and of the articles and books relating to 
 libraries, published during the year. Any sugges- 
 tions, or bibliographical contributions, will be thank- 
 fully received. 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT. 
 
 NEW YORK, June i, 1883. 
 
TTp^> 
 UN-' 
 
 O, : 
 
 st//= 
 
 IT is very desirable that a library manual should 
 be prepared and published. None exists in the Eng- 
 lish language. There are materials, however, for a 
 good one in the contents of the seven volumes of the 
 Library Journal already published and of the Special 
 Report issued at Washington in 1876, by the Bureau 
 of Education, and entitled Public Libraries in the 
 United States of America, their history, condition, 
 and management. 
 
 I have been requested to call attention to the more 
 important articles and papers in these publications, 
 and by grouping them under appropriate headings 
 make their usefulness more apparent than it is at 
 present to the great body of librarians and persons 
 interested in establishing and maintaining libraries. 
 
 I proceed, without further introduction, to do this 
 work, premising only that large portions of both 
 publications having interest as history only, or be- 
 cause they describe different kinds of libraries, or 
 give library news, will not be alluded to. 
 
 The work here undertaken ends with the last num- 
 ber of the Library Journal for the year 1882. The 
 
2 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 association referred to throughout this paper is the 
 American Library Association. 
 
 LIBRARY LEGISLATION. 
 
 For instruction in regard to the history of this sub- 
 ject and the teachings of experience respecting the 
 best forms for library laws, mention should first be 
 made of the excellent Report on library legislation 
 (L. J., v. 4, p. 300), made by Dr. H. A. Homes, and 
 to a paper which he read before making it, Legisla- 
 tion for public libraries (L. J., v. 4, p. 262). The 
 laws proposed as model legislation are printed in the 
 Library Journal, v. 5, pp. 79, 109; read, also, in this 
 connection, editorial notes on pp. 76 and 106, in the 
 same volume. 
 
 Other articles on this subject which it is desirable 
 to read are State legislation in the matter of libra- 
 rjes, by W. F. Poole (L. J., v. 2, p. 7), Free town 
 libraries in the Spec. Rep. (p. 445), and Public library 
 government (L. J., v. 2, p. 292). There is a record 
 of a discussion which followed Mr. Poole's paper 
 in the L. J,, v. 2, p. 20. 
 
 For a law recently passed by the Rhode Island 
 Legislature providing for the punishment of persons 
 who deface books or keep them out over time see 
 L. J., v. 7, p. 228. For interesting rules provided 
 for the government of the public library at Bridge- 
 port, Conn., see ordinance of the Common Council of 
 that city, etc. (L. J., v. 7, p. 233). 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 FOUNDATION OF LIBRARIES. 
 
 Note especially the Organization and management 
 of public libraries, by W. F. Poole (Spec. Rep., p. 
 476), How to make town libraries successful, by F. 
 B. Perkins (Spec. Rep., p. 419), A word to starters of 
 libraries, by Justin Winsor (L. J., v. I, p. i), Some 
 popular objections to public libraries, by W. F. Poole 
 (L. J., v. i, p. 45), and Rev. A. M. Pendleton's series 
 of useful articles, How to start libraries in small towns 
 (L. J., v. i, pp. 161, 213, 249, 313, 355, and 421). 
 
 See, also, Method of securing the multiplication of 
 libraries: Report by Henry A. Homes and discussion 
 of the same (L. J., v. 6, p. 133). 
 
 LIBRARY BUILDINGS. 
 
 Attention should be called to Library buildings, by 
 Justin Winsor (Spec. Rep., p. 465), Construction of 
 library buildings, by William F. Poole (L. J., v. 6, p. 
 69), and Progress of library architecture, by William 
 F. Poole (L. J., v. 7, p. 130); also to discussions on 
 this subject at the meetings of the association in New 
 York (L. J., v. 2, p. 31), Boston (L. J., v. 4, p. 292), 
 Washington (L. J. , v. 6, p. 123), and Cincinnati (L. 
 J., v. 7, p. 196). See The National-library building, 
 by J. L. Smithmeyer (L. J., v. 6, p. 77) for an illus- 
 trated account of the building which it has been pro- 
 posed to erect for storing the Library of Congress. 
 
4 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 Mr. Poole criticises Mr. Smithmeyer's plans in the 
 second of his two articles referred to just above. For 
 remarks by Mr. Spofford on a building for the Library 
 of Congress see L. J., v. 6, p. 126. The trustees of 
 the Boston Public Library have recently issued a 
 report on the fitness of the English High and Latin 
 School building for the uses of the Public Library. 
 This contains six plans, four of them for a new build- 
 ing on the Dartmouth Street lot given to the city by 
 the state. Examine in connection Minority report of 
 W. H. Whitmore on the fitness of the English High 
 and Latin School building for the uses of the Public 
 Library, with four plans. One of the latter is a plan 
 of the Harvard C. L. book-stack. 
 
 Examine, also, Hints for improved library economy, 
 drawn from usages at Princeton, by Frederick Vinton 
 (L. J., v. 2, p. 53), Brown University Library (L. J., 
 v. 3, p. 117), and Elevator in Worcester Public 
 Library (L. J., v. 4, p. 201). 
 
 There is an account of the new building for the 
 Public Library at Newcastle, England, in L. J., v. 7, 
 p. 272. 
 
 VENTILATION, HEATING, AND LIGHTING. 
 
 Note Ventilation of libraries, by D. F. Lincoln, 
 M.D. (L. J., v. 4, p. 254), Warming libraries, by A. M. 
 Pendleton (L. J., v. 5, p. 277, and Heating libraries, 
 by Melvil Dui (L. J., v. 6, p. 93). 
 
 The subjects of ventilating and warming library 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 5 
 
 buildings demand fuller treatment than they have re- 
 ceived. Much information regarding the use of the 
 electric light for libraries has appeared in the Library 
 Journal. I wish to call attention to the following 
 articles, stating only in advance that Mr. Richard 
 Garnett, who writes two of them, is keeper of the 
 reading-room in the British Museum, and that the 
 electric light has been in use in this reading-room for 
 a considerable time. Perhaps it would be well to read 
 the articles in the following order: 
 
 The Electric light at the British Museum reading- 
 room (L. J., v. 4, p. 128), Electric light [in the Brit- 
 ish Museum], in a letter of Richard Garnett (L. J., v. 
 4, p. 444), Electric light in the British Museum (L. J., 
 v. 5, p. 153), The electric light at the British Museum : 
 a letter from Richard Garnett (L. J., v. 5, p. 171). 
 
 Great advances have been made lately in the direc- 
 tion of rendering the electric light available for 
 illuminating purposes. 
 
 For an editorial note by Mr. Cutter advocating the 
 introduction of electric lights into libraries see L. J., 
 v. 7, P- 43- 
 
 It is the opinion of several librarians that the arc 
 light is unsuitable for lighting libraries because of 
 flickering, but that the incandescent light when further 
 developed is likely to prove serviceable for library 
 purposes. 
 
 Articles treating of the effects of gas in disinte- 
 grating leather will be referred to under the heading 
 Binding. 
 
6 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. 
 
 An excellent list of books of reference needed by 
 the officers of libraries is that contained in Mr. 
 Winsor's paper in College libraries as aids to in- 
 struction. This pamphlet was issued by the Bureau 
 of Education as Circular of Information No. i, 1880. 
 
 Mr. Winsor has begun to print a list of the most 
 useful reference-books which is to be issued as num- 
 ber 17 of the Bibliographical contributions of the 
 Library of Harvard University. 
 
 The British Museum has recently issued a Hand- 
 list ot bibliographies, classified catalogues, and in- 
 dexes placed in the reading-room of the British 
 Museum for reference, by G. W. Porter. 
 
 In the Special Report issued in 1876 by the Bureau 
 of Education we have Works of reference for libraries, 
 by A. R. Spofford (p. 686), Library bibliography 
 (containing lists of books of reference and of articles 
 in periodicals concerning libraries), by A. R. Spofford 
 (p. 733), Scientific libraries in the United States, by 
 Prof. Theodore Gill (p. 183), an article which men- 
 tions the best special bibliographies in the different 
 branches of science, namely, anatomy, chemistry, 
 etc., and Medical libraries in the U. S., by Col. J. S. Bil- 
 lings (p. 171), in which are scheduled the leading refer- 
 ence-works needed in medical bibliographical ^vork. 
 
 In Part II of the Special Report we have as Ap- 
 pendix II to Mr. Cutter's Rules, etc., a list of biblio- 
 graphical works needed by the cataloguer. Mr. Cut- 
 ter also states here where fuller lists may be found. 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 7 
 
 One of the most comprehensive bibliographies for 
 the practical uses of every day is " Bibliographical 
 Aids," by F. Leypoldt, prefixed to the second volume 
 of his American Catalogue. 
 
 Valuable lists of books are appended to articles on 
 different subjects in the Encyclopaedia Britannica. 
 Among special bibliographies recently issued atten- 
 tion should be called to the following : 
 
 The book of British topography: a classified cata- 
 logue of the topographical works in the Library of the 
 British Museum, relating to Great Britain and Ire- 
 land, by J. P. Anderson. 
 
 A manual of historical literature, ^y Prof. Charles 
 K. Adams, published by Harper & Brothers, which 
 comprises brief descriptions of the most important 
 histories in English, French, and German, together 
 with practical suggestions as to methods and courses 
 of historical study, and is a very valuable bibliography. 
 (See Notice in The Nation of May 4, 1882.) 
 
 Reader's hand-book of the American Revolution, by 
 Justin Winsor. 
 
 Gardiner and Mullinger's introduction to the study 
 of English History, which contains valuable lists of 
 books. 
 
 The literature of civil-service reform in the United 
 States, by W. E. Foster, published by the Young 
 Men's Political Club, Providence, and a list of works 
 on Political Economy, and Political Science, compiled 
 by W. G. Sumner, David A. Wells, W. E. Foster, R. 
 L. Dugdale, and G. P. Putnam, and issued as Eco- 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 nomic Tract No. 2 by the Society for Political Educa- 
 tion, New York. 
 
 An enumeration of such printed lists as have been 
 recently issued of Public Documents of the United 
 States Government is contained in the second part 
 of a report on the Distribution of Public Documents, 
 by S. S. Green (L. J., v. 7, p. 228). 
 
 The librarian who consults bibliographical lists has 
 to be on the lookout to see that the latest edition of a 
 work 'is given in them and that supplementary vol- 
 umes have not been published to works there re- 
 corded. For example, a new edition of that very 
 important work Vapereau's Dictionnaire universel 
 des contemporains and supplementary volumes of 
 Brunet's Manuel have been published within two or 
 three years. 
 
 A sure resource in case of doubt is to read over the 
 lists under the proper headings prepared by Mr. Cut- 
 ter for the department " Bibliografy" in the succes- 
 sive numbers of the Library Journal. The Library 
 Journal contains and refers to other valuable biblio- 
 graphical matter. We note the following articles 
 and lists: 
 
 Reference-books in English, by Justin Winsor (v. I, 
 p. 147); Library Aids, by S. S. Green (v. 6, p. 104), 
 which covers ground similar to that covered by the 
 present paper up to about the date of the Washington 
 Conference held in February 1881, and which soon 
 after that date was issued in a pamphlet form by the 
 United States Bureau of Education ; Library Purchase- 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 9 
 
 Lists, prepared by C. A. Cutter, which have appeared 
 in successive numbers of the Library Journal (begin- 
 ning with v. 6, no. i), and which contain selections of 
 new books suitable for being placed in libraries, with 
 notes of commendation or caution; Bibliography of 
 the pre-Columbian discoveries of America, by Paul 
 B. Watson (v. 6, p. 227), in connection with which 
 it is well to call attention to "Notes on tb" Bibliog- 
 raphy of Yucatan and Central America," by Ad. F. 
 Bandelier, published in the Proceedings of the Amer- 
 ican Antiquarian Society, at the meeting held at 
 Worcester, October 21, 1880; Purchasing List of 
 Sketch-books of Japanese artists and English works 
 published in Japan and China, by Frank S. Dobbins 
 (v. 7, p. 292); Index by author of serial stories con- 
 tained in bound volumes of leading periodicals, by 
 W. I. Fletcher (v. 6, p. 42), with a few additions by 
 W. M. Griswold (v. 6, p. 167), and List of impor- 
 tant serial stories published in the Revue des Deux 
 Mondes to 1880 inclusive, by W. I. Fletcher (v. 6, 
 p. 166). 
 
 The portion of the latest edition of the Handbook 
 for readers, with regulations, issued^by the Boston 
 Public Library entitled " Books on special subjects, 
 how to find them," contains a valuable list of refer- 
 ence-books. 
 
 The Chronological index to historical fiction, and 
 the Annotated catalogue of books in the Lower Hall, 
 of the classes of history, biography, and travel, also 
 issued by the Boston Public Library, are of great 
 
TO LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 service in supplying humble biographical needs. The 
 former is now embraced in the catalogue entitled 
 Fiction and juveniles, with notes for readers, issued 
 by the last-named library. Attention should in this 
 connection be called to The reader's guide to English 
 history, by Prof. W. F. Allen, issued by Ginn, Heath 
 & Co. This work contains in four parallel columns 
 (a) the genealogical tables of English rulers; (b) 
 good historical reading, whether histories, biogra- 
 phies, or essays; (c) novels, poems, and dramas re- 
 lating to each period; (d) the same class of works 
 illustrating contemporary history. Note also A de- 
 scriptive catalogue of historical novels and tales, for 
 the use of school libraries and teachers of history, 
 enlarged from the list in the Journal of Education, 
 March 1882, by H. Courthope Bowen. London, 
 E. Stanford, 1882. 
 
 Elaborate and valuable bibliographies appear in 
 the bulletins issued by the library of Harvard Uni 
 versity, which has also issued the following Bibli- 
 ographical Contributions made up mainly if not 
 wholly from the bulletins: 
 
 i. Edward S.JHolden. Index-catalogue of Books 
 and Memoirs on the Transits of Mercury. 2. Justin 
 Winsor. Shakespeare's Poems: a Bibliography of 
 the Earlier Editions. 3. Charles Eliot Norton. 
 Principal books relating to the Life and Works of 
 Michel-Angelo, with Notes. 4. Justin Winsor. 
 Pietas et Gratulatio. An Inquiry into the authorship 
 of the several pieces. 5. List of Apparatus in differ- 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. II 
 
 ent Laboratories of the United States, available for 
 Scientific Researches involving Accurate Measure- 
 ments. 6. The Collection of Books and Autographs, 
 bequeathed to Harvard College Library, by the Hon- 
 orable Charles Sumner. 8. Calendar of the Arthur 
 Lee Manuscripts in Harvard College Library. 9. 
 George Lincoln Goodale. The Floras of different 
 countries. 10. Justin Winsor. Halliwelliana: a 
 Bibliography of the Publications of James Orchard 
 Halliwell-Phillipps. n. Samuel H. Scudder. The 
 Entomological Libraries of the United States. 12. A 
 List of the Publications of Harvard University and 
 its Officers, 1870-1880. 13. Samuel H. Scudder. A 
 Bibliography of Fossil Insects. 14. William H. Til- 
 linghast. Notes on the Historical Hydrography of 
 the Handkerchief Shoal in the Bahamas. 15. J. D. 
 Whitney. List of American Authors in Geology and 
 Palaeontology. The following two have been begun: 
 16. Richard Bliss, jr. Classified Index to the Maps 
 in Petermann's Geographische Mittheilungen, 1855- 
 1881. 17. Justin Winsor. A List of the most useful 
 Reference Books. 
 
 The Lenox Library has issued the following con- 
 tributions to a catalogue: i. Voyages of Halsius, etc.; 
 2. Jesuit Relations, etc. ; 3. Voyages of Thevenot, 
 etc. ; 4. Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress, etc. ; 5. Works of 
 Shakespeare, etc. The last of these contributions, 
 with the catalogue of books on Shakespeare, in the 
 Barton collection of the Boston Public Library, makes 
 the contribution of the United States a valuable ad- 
 
12 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 dition to the bibliography of the writings of the great 
 English dramatist. 
 
 Cornell University has issued three numbers of The 
 Library. These contain valuable lists of books on 
 the German civil services, architecture, Petrarch bib- 
 liographies, the study of the Egyptian hieroglyphs, 
 mathematics, and the living authors of Iceland, be- 
 sides notes and lists of additions to the University 
 Library. Valuable bibliographies have been pub- 
 lished in many of the bulletins of the Boston Public 
 Library. The British Museum has recently begun 
 the publication of lists of books in its library by and 
 about such authors as Dante, Shakespeare, Homer, 
 etc. References to special bibliographies of general 
 interest appear under the heading Bibliografy in 
 successive numbers of the Library Journal and in the 
 monthly notes of Library Association of the United 
 Kingdom. Here for example have been recently 
 noticed books containing lists of the writings of 
 Dickens, Thackeray and Ruskin (1834 to Oct. 1878), 
 and of Herschel the astronomer, and a notice of a 
 second edition of Triibner & Co.'s Catalogue of Dic- 
 tionaries and Grammars of the principal languages 
 and dialects of the world. 
 
 A revised edition has been published of Books and 
 Reading, by Noah Porter, President of Yale College. 
 This is a valuable book for popular use. The pres- 
 ent edition is enriched by an appendix, containing a 
 select catalogue of books, prepared by Mr. James M. 
 Hubbard. 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 13 
 
 This list of Mr. Hubbard is excellent, and cannot 
 fail to prove useful. The works given, however, 
 under the headings " Bible" and "Christ" are utterly 
 inadequate to give a record of the thought and 
 scholarship of the present time. 
 
 A second series of The best reading, prepared by 
 Lynds E. Jones, has just been issued by G. P. Put- 
 nam's Sons. It is supplementary to the useful first 
 series which was edited by F. B. Perkins, and con- 
 tains a priced and classified bibliography for easy 
 reference of the more important English and Ameri- 
 can publications for the five years ending Dec. 31, 
 1 88 1. In the Naturalist's assistant (pages 145-224), 
 by J. S. Kingsley, Boston, 1882, is a bibliography of 
 1500 works necessary for the systematic zoologist. 
 The lists of additions issued by the Boston Athe- 
 nseum, the Hartford Library Association, and several 
 other libraries are valuable for the knowledge which 
 they give in regard to the character of recent publi- 
 cations. The list formerly prepared by Mr. W. E. 
 Foster of Providence for the State Superintendent 
 of schools in Rhode Island has been discontinued, 
 as the ground which he intended to cover with his list 
 is now covered by the Library Purchase- Lists, which, 
 as has been stated before, are published every month 
 in the Library Journal. 
 
 It may not be amiss to remind managers of small 
 libraries that the best sort of information regarding 
 books may be obtained by reading the book-notices 
 of such papers as The Literary World, The New York 
 
14 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 Evening Post, or its weekly issue The Nation, and 
 The Critic, in the United States, and The Academy 
 and The Athenaeum, in London. 
 
 Some of the best library catalogues, such, namely, 
 as that of the Boston Athenaeum, the Brooklyn Li- 
 brary, and the subject-catalogue of the Library of 
 Congress are very useful for bibliographical purposes. 
 
 For an account of bibliographical matter issued 
 once a month by W. E. Foster see Libraries as Edu- 
 cational Institutions. 
 
 Especial mention should be made of the American 
 Catalogue, planned by F. Leypoldt, and compiled 
 under his direction by L. E. Jones, and it should be 
 stated distinctly that the libraries of the country are 
 very much indebted to Mr. Leypoldt for carrying 
 through such an undertaking as this valuable but un- 
 remunerative work, and for his generous conduct in 
 publishing the Library Journal, although for several 
 years he incurred heavy loss in doing so. The Ameri- 
 can Catalogue contains, first, author and title entries 
 of books in pjint and for sale (including reprints and 
 importations) July I, 1876; second, subject-entries of 
 the same books. Prefixed to v. 2 (subject-entries) is 
 the useful list of " Bibliographical Aids," before men- 
 tioned. Late volumes of the Uniform Trade List An- 
 nual contain yearly lists of books recorded in the Pub- 
 lishers' Weekly, with additional titles, etc. These 
 supplement the list in the American Catalogue. Be- 
 gin with the volume for 1877. The Publishers' 
 Weekly, issued by Mr. Leypoldt, gives lists of cur- 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. IS 
 
 rent American publications. The Trade List Annual 
 and The Publishers' Weekly contain much interesting 
 and valuable bibliographical matter besides the lists 
 of books just mentioned, and are indispensable to li- 
 brarians. See, also, The Literary News published by 
 Mr. Leypoldt. 
 
 For an alphabetical list of works published in 
 Great Britain and of the principal works published 
 in America, etc., from January 1835 to December 
 1880 see the three volumes of The English Catalogue 
 of Books compiled by Sampson Low and published 
 by Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington. A 
 supplement to this work is issued annually, and in 
 The Bookseller may be found a list of current English 
 publications. See, also, Index to the British Cata- 
 logue of books published during the years 1837 to 
 1857 and Index to the English Catalogue of Books, 
 vol. 2., 1856 to January, 1876, both 'volumes com- 
 piled by Sampson Low, for an index of subjects. 
 
 A new edition of Poole's Index to Periodical Liter- 
 ature has just been issued. It was prepared by W. F. 
 Poole assisted by W. I. Fletcher and the co-opera- 
 tion of fifty libraries, and indexes periodicals which 
 bear a date earlier than January I, 1882. It is pub- 
 lished by James R. Osgood & Co. at $15 a copy. 
 Mr. Poole has formed a plan which it is hoped may 
 be carried out for issuing annually a supplement to 
 the Index. Allusion should be made to the following 
 useful indexes, etc., which have been issued recently: 
 North American Review (1815-1877) and Supple- 
 
l6 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 mentary Index to the North American Review (1878- 
 1880), by Rev. W. Gushing; General Index to the 
 North American Review (1861-1882), by Q. P. Index 
 (W. McCrillis Griswold); Christian Examiner (1824- 
 1869); Bibliotheca Sacra (vols. i to 30, through the 
 year 1873); Harper's Monthly (vols. I to 60, June 
 1850 to June 1880); Scribner's Magazine (vols. I to 
 10, Nov. 1870 to Oct. 1875; vols. ii to 20, Nov. 
 1875 to Oct. 1880; vol. 21, Nov. 1880 to Apr. 1881; 
 vol. 22, May to Oct. 1881); a General Index to 
 Scribner's Monthly, issued by Q. P. Index in 1881; 
 the Atlantic Monthly, both that issued by its pub- 
 lishers (1857-1876) and a Supplementary Index to the 
 Atlantic Monthly, giving gleanings from the volumes 
 already indexed and indexing subsequent volumes up 
 to the beginning of 1881, issued in Bangor, Maine, 
 by Q. P. Index; General Index to the Nation (July 
 i86s-Sept. 1880), by Q. P. Index; General Index to 
 the International Review (1874-1880), by Q. P. In- 
 dex; General Index to the first series of Lippincott's 
 Magazine (vols. 1-26), issued by Q. P. Index in 1881; 
 General Index to the Electic Magazine (vols. 1-96) 
 and to the Living Age (vols. 37-148), issued by Q. 
 P. Index in 1881; Autoren- und Sachregister der 
 Deutschen Rundschau (vols. 1-29), issued in 1882 by 
 Q. P. Index; General-Autor- und Sachregister zu 
 zeitschriften meist historischen inhalts, und zwar: 
 Die Historische Zeitschrift, Unsere Zeit, Das His- 
 torische Taschenbuch (1880-1881), by Q. P. Index; 
 Revue des Deux Mondes (Table generate, 1831-1874); 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 17 
 
 New York Daily Tribune Index (1875-1882); Palm- 
 er's Index to the Times Newspaper (Jan. i, 1860- 
 Sept. 30, 1882); Chronicles of facts and events in the 
 successive annual volumes of the Boston Almanach, 
 the Week and Summary of the week's news in the 
 Nation, lists of important events appearing in news- 
 papers at the close or beginning of every year, and 
 Annals of our time, with supplements, by Joseph 
 Irving (i837-July 22, 1878); A partial index to the 
 proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society 
 from 1812 to 1880, prepared by Stephen Salisbury, jr. ; 
 the publications of the Index Society, namely: i. 
 Wheatley, H. B. What is an Index? [With Prelim- 
 inary list of English Indexes]; 2. Peacock, M. G. W. 
 Royalists whose estates were confiscated during the 
 Commonwealth, etc. ; 3. Gomme, G. L. Index of 
 Municipal Offices, etc. ; 4. Report of annual meeting. 
 Appendixes: Huth, A. H. Index to books and papers 
 on Marriage between near kin, Birch, W. de G. 
 Styles and titles of English Sovereigns, Solly, E. 
 Indexes of portraits: European Magazine, London 
 Magazine, and Register of the Times, Index of obit- 
 uary notices; 5. Solly, E. Index of hereditary English, 
 Scotch, and Irish tales of honour; 6. Clark, P. Index 
 to Trevelyan's Macaulay, cab. ed. 1878; 7. Report of 
 annual meeting. Appendixes, namely: Indexes of por- 
 traits: British Gallery of Portraits, Jerdan's Portrait 
 Gallery, Knight's Gallery, and Lodge's Portraits; In- 
 dex of Abridgments of patents; 8. Index of obituary 
 notices; 9. Jackson, B. D. Guide to the literature of 
 
l8 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 Botany; TO. Index of obituary notices; n. Rye, W. 
 Index to Norfolk topography; 12. Jackson, B. D. 
 Vegetable technology. 
 
 For indexes to particular books, such as Neander's 
 General history of the Christian religion and church, 
 works of Hawthorne, and Lange's Commentary on 
 the Old Testament, see " Bibliografy" in Library 
 Journal. 
 
 CATALOGUING. 
 
 A history of catalogue-making and a criticism of 
 the different kinds of catalogues are contained in the 
 article Library catalogues, by C. A. Cutter, in the 
 Special Report (p. 526). Persons interested should 
 study this paper, for it is very important to learn 
 what experience has taught before undertaking to 
 make a catalogue. Part II of the Special Report is 
 Rules for a printed dictionary catalogue, by C. A. 
 Cutter. We have here the first printed rules for mak- 
 ing a catalogue on the dictionary plan. The writings 
 of Mr. Cutter on the subject of cataloguing and the 
 work he has done in preparing catalogues have shown 
 that he is an authority in this matter second to none. 
 
 For expositions of other systems of cataloguing, 
 mixed and classed, see Catalogues and cataloguing, 
 by S. B. Noyes, Jacob Schwartz, John J. Bailey 
 (Special Rep., p. 648), and the remarks of Melvil 
 Dewey in Decimal classification and subject-index 
 (Spec. Rep., p. 623). 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 19 
 
 The catalogue of the Boston Athenaeum, the last 
 volume of which has recently been issued, is the best 
 example that we have of a printed catalogue prepared 
 on the dictionary plan. It was made by Mr. Charles 
 R. Lowell, but has been carefully revised and greatly 
 improved by Mr. Cutter during its preparation for 
 printing, and although he is unwilling to have it re- 
 garded as his ideal catalogue, yet, owing to his work, 
 it has proved the most valuable contribution yet 
 made anywhere to the list of printed catalogues of 
 large libraries. 
 
 Mr. Noyes's catalogue of the Brooklyn Library is 
 now complete. It is constructed on the dictionary 
 plan, with modifications, the most important of 
 which are the introduction in alphabetical order of 
 carefully classed lists of books on the various branches 
 of knowledge and the frequent use of references to 
 periodicals. Mr. Noyes's catalogue is an admirable 
 piece of work and one for which all students are in- 
 debted to him. 
 
 The report of the committee on uniform entries, 
 appointed at the meeting of the association in New 
 York, is published in the Library Journal (v. 3, p. 
 12), and the majority report there given contains 
 the rules for cataloguing that stand as the rules 
 recommended for use by the American Library Asso- 
 ciation until amended by it. 
 
 With Mr. Cutter's rules, this report, and good 
 catalogues, such as those of the Boston Athenaeum 
 and the library of Brooklyn, at hand, libraries are 
 
20 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 now well equipped for beginning under guidance the 
 work of good cataloguing. 
 
 We do not realize how great our indebtedness is to 
 the institutions which have incurred the expense of 
 issuing the best printed catalogues. Why do not all 
 librarians buy both of the catalogues just mentioned 
 for the sake of the advantages to themselves which 
 would result from their free use and to encourage 
 other institutions to issue similar catalogues ? With 
 the rules we now have and the good examples of cata- 
 logues which we may acquire by purchase at what, 
 considering their cost, is a nominal price, the work 
 of cataloguing is half done, and can be intrusted to 
 skilful persons who have had only elementary training 
 in this kind of work with a little supervision on the 
 part of a specially trained cataloguer. 
 
 As examples of annotated catalogues, we must 
 still refer to the catalogue of the books in the Lower 
 Hall of the Boston Public Library of the classes of 
 history, biography, and travel, the fiction list of the 
 same library, and to the catalogue of the Public 
 Library at Quincy, Mass. An account of printed 
 catalogues of the British Museum recently begun 
 may be found in L. J., v. 6, p. 41. For a defence of 
 the manuscript catalogues of the British Museum 
 from criticisms by Prof. Dziatzko by Henry Stevens, 
 and for a reply by Prof. Dziatzko see L. J., v. 7, p. 
 80 and v. 7, p. 83. L. E. Jones sent to the Cincin- 
 nati meeting of the Library Association (May 1882) 
 a report containing an account of the principal 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 21 
 
 printed catalogues that had been issued in the pre- 
 vious Library Association year (L. J., v. 7, p. 177). 
 Excellent papers on cataloguing are those read at 
 the Boston meeting of the association, by Fred. B. 
 Perkins and James L. Whitney, entitled, respectively, 
 Classification in dictionary catalogues (L. J., v. 4, p. 
 226) and Catalogues of town libraries (L. J., v. 4, p. 
 268). See, too, Mr. Garnett on Public libraries and 
 their catalogues, by C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 4, p. 452). 
 
 In L. J., v. 6, p. 315 may be found Rules for Cata- 
 loguing that have recently been under consideration 
 by the Library Association of the United Kingdom. 
 The first volume of the following valuable work was 
 published in Edinburgh in 1882: A Dictionary of the 
 anonymous and pseudonymous literature of Great 
 Britain, including the works by foreigners written in, 
 or translated into, the English language, by S. Halkett 
 and J. Laing. 
 
 In L. J., v. 7, p. 296 Mr. Cutter makes clear the 
 distinction between a pseudonym and a descriptive 
 phrase. 
 
 For current information in regard to pseudonyms 
 and anonyms reference is made to this heading of 
 the Library Journal. 
 
 L. J., v. 7, p. 63 contains a note on The Entry of 
 Anonymous Books by C. A. Cutter. Dr. J. S. Bil- 
 lings has issued three volumes (A-Dzondi) of his 
 valuable Index catalogue of the Library of the Sur- 
 geon-General's Office, United States Army. Refer- 
 ence should be made to the lists of additions issued 
 
22 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 by several libraries, which are mentioned by name 
 under the head of Bibliography, and to the Index 
 Medicus, a monthly classified record of the current 
 medical literature of the world, compiled under the 
 supervision of Dr. John S. Billings and Dr. Robert 
 Fletcher. 
 
 Prof. Cleveland Abbe of Washington stated in 
 Feb. 1881 that he had an index of Meteorological 
 matter containing 25,000 titles (L. J., v. 6, p. 122). 
 
 An inexpensive catalogue is described in the Library 
 Journal (v. I, p. 436). 
 
 There is much interesting matter about indexing 
 in the Special Report and in the Library Journal* 
 particularly in the latter. Thus we have The plan 
 of the new Poole's Index, a library symposium, by 
 S. B. Noyes, Justin Winsor, F. B. Perkins, J. L. Whit- 
 ney, J. Schwartz, W. I. Fletcher, C. A. Cutter (L.J., v. 
 3, p. 141); The Index symposium and its moral, by W. 
 F. Poole (L. J., v. 3, p. 178); Some points in index- 
 ing, by W. I. Fletcher (L. J., v. 4, p. 243); and Book 
 indexes, by F. B. Perkins (Spec. Rep., p. 727). 
 
 Mr. C. A. Cutter read at the Washington meeting 
 of the Library Association a report on the feasibility 
 of making an index to Subject Headings (L. J., v. 6, 
 p. 114). For a note on indexing by W. M. Griswold 
 and communications on indexing see L. J., v. 6, p. 
 1 86 and v. 6, p. 203. 
 
 Added to the report of the committee on uniform 
 title-entries are a general list of abbreviations and 
 what are known as Cutter's abbreviations of 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 23 
 
 Christian names (L. J., v. 3, p. 16). Note, also 
 Months in brief entries, by Mr. Dewey (L. J., v. 4, 
 p. 93), and Abbreviations for feminine names, by C. 
 A. Cutter (L. J., v. 5, p. 176). Appended to the re- 
 por<- above mentioned on Uniform title-entries is a 
 sub-report on Sizes (L. J., v. 3, p. 19), which contains 
 the results of much thought on the part of our best 
 cataloguers. There is much more on this matter in 
 the Library Journal, which may be found by the use of 
 the indexes of that periodical. Mr. Cutter treats The 
 use of capitals in the Library Journal (v. I, p. 162). 
 
 For a description of the different kinds of cata- 
 logues in use in public libraries besides the kinds 
 already considered see Appendix I to Mr. Cutter's 
 Rules, etc., in the second part of the Special Report. 
 A discussion of interest was started by Justin Win- 
 sor's Shelf-lists vs. Accession catalogues (L. J., v. 3, 
 p. 247). Articles in which views different from those 
 of Professor Winsor are expressed are Shelf-lists vs. 
 Accession catalogues, by W. F. Poole (L. J., v. 3, p. 
 324), and The accessions catalogue again, by F. B- 
 Perkins and Melvil Dewey (L. J., v. 3, pp. 33-33 8 )- 
 
 Directions in regard to the form of catalogue for 
 gifts are given in L. J., v. 7, p. 296. 
 
 Note Brass guide-boards for card-catalogues, by 
 C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 5, p. 215). 
 
24 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 THE NUMBERING OF BOOKS AND THEIR ARRANGE- 
 MENT AND CLASSIFICATION. 
 
 Read, first, two series of general articles by Melvil 
 Dewey, namely, Principles underlying numbering 
 systems (L. J., v. 4, p. 7 and p. 75), and Arrange- 
 ment on the shelves (L. J., v. 4, p. 117 and p. 191). 
 There have been three interesting and important dis- 
 cussions of these subjects in the Library Journal. 
 In the first discussion the articles succeeded one an- 
 other in the following order: A combined system for 
 numbering and arranging, by J. Schwartz (L. J., v. 
 3, p. 6); Another method of numbering books, by 
 C. A. Cutter (v. 3, p. 248); Mr. Cutter's numbering 
 system, by J. Schwartz (v. 3, p. 302); Numbering: re- 
 joinders to Mr. Schwartz, by M. Dewey and C. A. 
 Cutter (v. 3, p. 339); Plans for numbering, with es- 
 pecial reference to fiction; A library symposium, 
 John Edmands, J. N. Larned, M. Dewey, C. A. Cut- 
 ter, F. B. Perkins (L. J., v. 4, p. 38). 
 
 The second discussion began with an article by 
 Mr. Schwartz, entitled A mnemonic system of classi- 
 fication (L. J., v. 4, p. 3), which was followed by the 
 Schwartz mnemonic classification, M. Dewey, F. B. 
 Perkins, C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 4, p. 92), and Classi- 
 fication on the shelves, by C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 4, 
 P- 234). 
 
 See, also, Mr. Cutter defends his modifications of 
 the Dewey plan (L. J., v. 4, p. 17), and Mr. Cutter 
 continues (L. J., v. 4, p. 88). 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 25 
 
 The third discussion began with Thirty-five versus 
 ten, by C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 7, p. 62), and was fol- 
 lowed by Twenty-five plus ten versus thirty-five or ten, 
 by J. Schwartz (v. 7, p. 84); Alfabetization vs. Classi- 
 cation, by R. Bliss, jr. (v. 7, p. 104); Alphabetical ver- 
 sus Logical Classification, by J. Schwartz (v. 7, p. 229); 
 Logical Classification, by R. Bliss, jr. (v. 7, p. 251); 
 and Alphabetical Classification, by J. Schwartz (v. 7, 
 p. 272). See, also, The mnemonic numbering of 
 books, by J. Fitzpatrick (v. 7, p. 229). 
 
 Other important articles are: A proposed modifica- 
 tion of the Amherst classification in mathematics, 
 astronomy, and physics, by Lord Lindsay ,(L. J., v. 4, 
 p. 149); Classification for the natural sciences, by C. 
 A. Cutter (L. J., v. 5, p. 163); Classification of Fic- 
 tion, by A. P. Massey (L. J., v. 6, p. 7); Classifica- 
 tion of the Book Arts, by C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 7, p. 
 168); and, supplementary to this paper, Classification 
 of Library Economy and History, by C. A. Cutter 
 (L. J., v. 7, p. 271). Look at the report for 1880 
 of the librarian of Harvard College. Consult Deci- 
 mal classification and subject-index, by M. Dewey, 
 in Special Report (p. 623). See also British Museum 
 Shelf-classification, by R. Garnett (L. J., vol. 2, p. 
 194), and Author catalogues in classified shelf sys- 
 tems, by C. A. Cutter and Melvil Dewey (L. J., v. 3, 
 
 P- 37i). 
 
 The subject of the classification of books has been 
 ably discussed recently in the following papers: Classi- 
 fication on the shelves, by C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 6, p. 
 
26 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 64); Moveable Location, by F. B. Perkins (L. J., v. 
 7, p. 29); Mr. Perkins's classification, by Melvil Dui 
 (L. J., v. 7, p. 60); Classification by J. N. Larned (L. 
 J., v. 7, p. 125); The Classification of Books, by Lloyd 
 P. Smith (L. J., v. 7, p. 172); and A new Classifica- 
 tion and Notation, by J. Schwartz (L. J., v. 7, p. 148). 
 Mr. Cutter's paper was read at the Washington meeting 
 of the association and was followed by a discussion 
 (L. J., v. 6, p. 115) which showed that the plan of 
 the relative location of books was making great head- 
 way against the system of fixed location. Mr. Larned's 
 paper read at the Cincinnati meeting of the associa- 
 tion was also followed by a discussion (L. J., v. 7, 
 p. 195). Note Harvard College Shelf Guide (L. J., 
 v. 6, p. 54), a specimen of guides used in that library 
 to show the classification of books on the shelves, 
 and A search for a guide, by C. A. Cutter (L. J., v. 
 7, p. 44), which describes guides for the eye in use in 
 the library of the Boston Athenaeum to enable book- 
 seekers to find readily such books as they desire. 
 
 ADMINISTRATION. 
 
 Consult especially reports. of the cooperation coro 
 mittee of the American Library Association, to be 
 found in different numbers of the Library Journal, 
 particularly those which make up the earlier volumes. 
 This committee, of which Mr. Cutter has been chair- 
 man, has made recommendations of the best methods 
 and appliances in library matters, after careful exam- 
 
LIBRARY AIDS 27 
 
 ination of all proposed plans and suggestions. It has 
 reached decisions on such subjects as accession-cata- 
 logue, shelf-catalogue, binders, printed numbers, call- 
 slips, catalogue-slips, covering- paper, size of catalogue 
 cards, etc. W. F. Poole's elaborate contribution to 
 the Special Report on the Organization and manage- 
 ment of public libraries (p. 476) is of great impor- 
 tance. Refer, also, to Proceedings of the Conference 
 of Librarians at Philadelphia in 1876 and of the meet- 
 ings of the American Library Association in New 
 York, Boston, Washington, and Cincinnati, as re- 
 ported in the Library Journal. Examine, too, Notes 
 and Queries in different numbers of the Library Jour- 
 nal. 
 
 For instruction in regard to the best methods in 
 use for charging books, and for criticism of various 
 methods, read first an admirable series of articles in 
 the Library Journal, by Melvil Dewey, entitled, re- 
 spectively, Principles underlying charging systems 
 (L. J., v. 3, p. 217); Charging systems based on ac- 
 counts with borrowers (L. J., v. 3, p. 25*); Charging 
 systems based on accounts with books (L. J., v. 3, p. 
 285); and Charging systems: a new combined plan 
 and various details (L. J., v. 3, p. 359). Consult, 
 also, Systems of charging loans and an improved 
 slip-case, by Frederick Jackson (L. J., v. 3, p. 230); 
 The charging system at Harvard, by Justin Winsor 
 (L. J., v. 3, p. 338); Another charging plan, by C. A. 
 Cutter (L. J., v. 4, p. 17); A "combined" charging 
 system, by J. Schwartz (L. J., v. 4, p. 275); Mr. Cut- 
 
28 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 ter's charging system, by C. A. Cutter (v. 4, p. 445); 
 More about charging systems, by C. Estabrook, J. 
 Schwartz, Melvil Dewey (L. J., v. 5, p. 72); New 
 charging system in use in the Providence Public 
 Library (L. J., v. 5, p. 320); and Charging systems, 
 by K. A. Linderfelt (L. J., v. 7, p. 178). 
 
 Mr. W. F. Poole read at the Boston meeting of the 
 association an interesting paper entitled Spread of 
 contagious diseases by circulating libraries (L. J., v. 
 4, p. 258); Mr. W. B. Clarke read at the same meet- 
 ing a paper on Book thieving and mutilation (L. J., 
 v. 4, p. 249). Examine, also, in this connection Con- 
 viction for book-thieving (v. 4, p. 377); and Capture 
 of a notorious book-thief, by Samuel S. Green (L. J., 
 v. 5, P- 48). 
 
 In regard to the disposition to be made of pamph- 
 lets, consult Preservation of pamphlets, by C. A. 
 Cutter (L. J., v. i, p. 51); Proceedings of the con- 
 ference of librarians at Philadelphia (L. J., v. i, pp. 
 101, 104); Pamphlets (in an article by A. R. Spofford, 
 on the binding and preservation of books, Spec. 
 Rep., p. 677); and Treatment of pamphlets in special 
 libraries, by E. S. Holden (L. J., v. 5, p. 166). For 
 the recommendations of the association in regard to 
 library statistics see report of the cooperation com- 
 mittee (L. J., v. i, p. 429) and the amendments..made 
 to the report by the association at its New York meet- 
 ing (L. J., v. 2, p. 37). Note, also, Library statistics, 
 by Samuel S. Green (L. J., v. 5, p. 83), and Library 
 statistics, by W. E. Foster (L. J., v. 5, p. 107). 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. . 29 
 
 In L. J., v. 7, p. 198 may be found a record of the 
 practice of several libraries in regard to placing re- 
 strictions on the use of books. Mr. Cutter makes 
 
 some editorial remarks on the Restriction on the 
 
 
 
 Circulation of Periodicals in L. J., v. 7, -p. 225. 
 
 Other interesting articles and papers in the Library 
 Journal and Special Report to which attention may 
 properly be called under the heading Administration 
 are Branch libraries (L. J., v. I, p. 288); A self-sup- 
 porting collection of duplicate books in demand, by 
 F. M. Crunden (v. 4, p. 10); Book-selections, by Mel- 
 vil Dewey (v. i, p. 391); Selection of Books for Sun- 
 day-school Libraries, and their Introduction to Chil- 
 dren, by S. S. Green (L. J., v. 7, p. 250); Civil-service 
 reform in public libraries (v. 5, p. 113); Book-auction 
 catalogues and their perils, by A. R. Spofford (v, 3, p. 
 53); Alfabeting catalog- dkrds, by Melvil Dewey 
 (L. J., v. 5, p. 176); New Form of Shelf-list, by J, 
 Schwartz (L. J., v. 7, p. 251); and Public Libraries 
 and the Public, by James W. Ward (L. J., v. 7, p. 
 167), with discussion (L. J., v. 7, p. 201). The Pro- 
 posed New National Library (L. J., v. 7, p. 270) 
 weighs the arguments for collecting all the govern- 
 ment libraries in Washington into one building, and 
 for keeping them as they now are in separate deposi- 
 tories. 
 
 See, also, Spec. Rep., p. 730; Delinquent notices 
 and check box, by Melvil Dewey (L. J., v. 3, p, 
 370); and Duplicating processes, by Melvil Dewey, 
 (L. J., v. 4, p. 165). References on many other sub- 
 
30 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 jects in which persons having the charge of libraries 
 are interested would have been given here had room 
 allowed. They are less necessary, since the excel- 
 lent indexes which have been prepared for the Library 
 Journal enable inquirers to find readily what it con- 
 tains concerning any matter of interest. Look there 
 and in the Special Report for such subjects as Indica- 
 tors, Gum tragacanth as a library paste, Embossing 
 stamps (for the covers of books), The Sunday use of 
 libraries, etc. 
 
 BINDING. 
 
 Consult Binding and preservation of books, by A. 
 k. Spofford (Spec, Rep., p. 673); Library'memoranda, 
 by Justin Winsor (Spec. Rep., p. 712); Bindings for a 
 public library, byF. P. Hathaway (L. J., v. 4, p. 248); 
 On binding, by Sir Redmond Barry (v. 2, p. 203); 
 Before rebinding, by Edward G. Allen, of London 
 (L. J., v. 5, p. 214); Buckram binding, by E. B. Ni- 
 cholson (L. J., v. 2, p. 207); Buckram (L. J., v. 2, p. 
 34); and The use of buckram, linoleum, and cretonne 
 for binding, by E. B. Nicholson in Proceedings of 
 the United Kingdom Association (L. J., v. 5, p. 304). 
 
 In the article last referred to, Mr. Nicholson, the 
 first man to recommend the use of buckram as a bind- 
 ing, withdraws his recommendation. It should be 
 stated, however, that some librarians still regard 
 buckram as a useful material for binding. 
 
 On the restoration of books see L. J., v. 2, p. 24. 
 
 For the effects of gas and heat on bindings see 
 
LIBRARY A 
 
 Gas and heat (L. J., v. I, p. 124); Gaslight and bind- 
 ings, by F. B. Perkins (L. J., v. 3, p. 64); The de- 
 terioration of bindings, a letter from Prof. Wolcott 
 Gibbs to William W. Greenough, president of the 
 board of trustees of the Boston Public Library (L. J., 
 v. 3, p. 229); Gas, in article on ventilation by D. F. 
 Lincoln, M.D. (L. J., v. 4, p. 255); On the deteriora- 
 tion of library bindings, by Prof. W. R. Nichols (L. 
 J,, v. 4, p. 435); communication from William Hand 
 Brown, of the Johns Hopkins University, on Bindings 
 deteriorated without gas (L. J., v. 5, p. 50); and De- 
 terioration of bindings, by H. A. Homes (L. J., v. 5, 
 P- 213). 
 
 For Insect pests in libraries see an article with this 
 title, by Prof. H. A. Hagen, in the Library Journal 
 (v. 4, p. 251); The croton-bug as a library pest (v. 4, 
 p. 376); Library pests (v. 4, p. 448); Injurious insects 
 (beetles): Communication from the Public Library 
 at Taunton, Mass (L. J., v. 6, p. 40). 
 
 LIBRARIES AS EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS. 
 
 Examine for information on this subject Public 
 libraries in manufacturing communities, by W. I. 
 Fletcher (Spec. Rep., p. 403); Public libraries and 
 the young, by W. I. Fletcher (Spec. Rep., p. 412); 
 Personal relations between librarians and readers, by 
 Samuel S. Green (L. J., v. i, p. 74) ; The usefulness 
 of public libraries, as illustrated by the experience of 
 the library at Worcester, Mass. (L. J., v. 5, p. 114); 
 
32 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 On library lectures, by W. E. A. Axon (L. J., v. 3, 
 p. 47) ; Library lectures and other helps, by Justin 
 Winsor (L. J., v. 3, p. 120); Library questions and 
 answers, by Justin Winsor (L. J., v. 3, p. 159); Meth- 
 ods of securing the interest of a community, by W. 
 E. Foster (L. J., v. 5, p. 245); Free reading-rooms, 
 by William C. Todd (Spec. Rep., p. 460) ; Specializ- 
 ing of reading for general readers, by W. E. Foster 
 (L. J., v. 6, p. 25) ; The place of libraries in a sys^ 
 tern of education, by C. Warren (L. J., v. 6, p. 90) ; 
 Aids and guides for readers, by S. S. Green (L. J., v. 
 7, p. 141-146) ; Yearly report on boys and girls 
 reading, by Miss C. M. Hewins (L. J., v. 7, p. 182) ; 
 and recent reports of the trustees of the Boston Pub- 
 lic Library (for an account of the work done by at- 
 tendants while stationed near the catalogue of the 
 Lower Hall to give assistance to inquirers). For an 
 account of assistance given to users of a reference li- 
 brary see Personal relations, etc., and Aids and guides 
 for readers, papers by S. S. Green to which reference 
 has just been made, and The relation of the public 
 library to the public schools, by the same writer, to 
 which reference is made below. Mention should here 
 be made of a little volume entitled Libraries and read- 
 ers, just issued by Mr. Leypoldt, which contains pa- 
 pers and addresses by W. E. Foster. Attention 
 should also be called to the admirable selected lists of 
 books needed in the investigation of various subjects, 
 issued by Mr. Foster, of which several have been 
 published in the Library Journal, and to Mr. Foster's 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 33 
 
 article Reference lists on special topics, with speci- 
 mens of lithogram bulletins (L. J., v. 5, p. 38). Mr, 
 Foster publishes every month Reference Lists, for 
 which he is ready to receive annual subscriptions. 
 These have been published for two or three years. 
 In a note at the bottom of the page may be found a 
 list of the subjects illustrated in the numbers for 
 January, February, March, and April, 1882, which 
 will serve as a specimen of their contents.* 
 
 For the consideration of the place of libraries in 
 college instruction, and for the treatment of kindred 
 subjects, consult College libraries as aids to instruc- 
 tion (Circular of Information No. i, 1880, issued by 
 the Bureau of Education, which contains important 
 papers by Prof. Justin Winsor and Prof. O. H. Rob- 
 inson) ; College library administration, by O. H. 
 Robinson (Spec. Rep., p. 505);. Professorships of 
 books and reading [to teach how to read], by F. B. 
 Perkins and William Mathews (Spec. Rep., p. 230 
 and p. 240) ; Learning to read in college, by R. R. 
 Bowker (L. J., v. 2, p. 60) ; Class-room bibliography 
 (L. J., v. 2, p. 66) ; Use of college libraries, in an 
 extract from a report by Justin Winsor (L. J., v. 5, 
 p. 47); The college library and the classes, by J. 
 Winsor (L. J., v. 3, p. 5); Open shelves at Brown 
 
 * yEstheticism, Florence, The Suez Canal, Henry Wadsworth 
 Longfellow, The Roman Catacombs, The Nibelungenlied, The 
 German Empire, Elements of Unity in Southeastern Europe, 
 The Chinese in the United States, The Venus of Melos, Burke, 
 and the French Revolution. 
 
34 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 University, by R. A. Guild (L. J., v. 5, p. 210); Re- 
 ports of Justin Winsor, Librarian of Harvard Uni- 
 versity; and Relation of libraries to 'college work, by 
 Otis H. Robinson (L. J., v. 6, p. 97). 
 
 Consult, for information regarding the connection 
 of schools and libraries, The relation of the public 
 library to the public schools, by Samuel S. Green 
 (L. J., v. 5, p. 235); The public library and the pub- 
 lic schools, by C. F. Adams, jr. (L. J., v. i, p. 347); 
 and Mr. W. E. Foster's admirable articles The school 
 and the library : their mutual relation (L. J., v. 4, p. 
 319), The relation of the libraries to the school sys- 
 tem (L. J., v. 5, p. 99), How to use the public library: 
 suggestions for the use of pupils (L. J., v. 4, p. 447), 
 and Aimless reading and its correction (L. J., v. 4, p. 
 78). Examine, also, Reading in the public schools, by 
 Robert C. Metcalf (L. J., v. 4, p. 343), Public library 
 and public schools, by Mellen Chamberlain (L. J., v. 
 5, p. 299), and Schools and libraries (L. J., v. 7, p. 
 206). 
 
 Note " Suggestions to Students," printed for the 
 benefit of pupils in the Edinboro' State Normal School, 
 Pennsylvania (L. J., v. 6, p. 160), and How to use 
 the reading-room, a useful little publication prepared 
 by Mr. Foster. Mr. Leypoldt has just published a 
 pamphlet edited by S. S. Green entitled "Libraries 
 and Schools," in which are brought together several 
 of the best papers that have appeared which treat of 
 the relations between schools and libraries which are 
 possible and desirable. In Aids and guides for read- 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 35 
 
 ers (L. J., v. 7, p. 145) maybe found an account of 
 some interesting new connections that have been 
 made recently between the High School of Worcester, 
 Massachusetts, and the Free Public Library of that 
 city. 
 
 In regard to the fiction question refer to Sensa- 
 tional fiction in public libraries, by Samuel S. Green 
 (L. J., v. 4, p. 345); portions of a paper entitled 
 Some popular objections to public libraries, read at 
 the Philadelphia conference, by W. F. Poole (L. J., 
 v. i, p. 45); Reading in poputar libraries, by Justin 
 Winsor (Spec. Rep., p. 431); Free libraries and read- 
 ers, by Justin Winsor (L. J., v. I, p. 63); Fiction in 
 public libraries and educational catalogues, by C. F. 
 Adams, jr. (L. J., v. 4, p. 330); Popular reading [cita- 
 tions from the London Saturday Review and London 
 Telegraph, the latter containing J. S. Mill's views 
 on fiction] (L. J., v. I, p. 223); Fiction in free libra- 
 ries, by P. Covvell of Liverpool (L. J., v. 2, p. 152); 
 Fiction in libraries: an extract symposium (L. J., v. 
 
 3, p. 196); Responsibility of parents in the selection 
 of reading for the young, by Kate Gannett Wells 
 (L. J., v. 4, p. 325); Evil of unlimited freedom in the 
 use of juvenile fiction, by Miss M. A. Bean (L. J., v. 
 
 4, p. 341); Addresses of James Freeman Clarke, T. 
 W. Higginson, and others at the Boston meeting of 
 the association (L. J., v. 4, p. 355 et seq.); As to 
 novel-reading: a confession, by Peccator (L. J., v. 5, 
 p. 104); Class adaptation in the selection of books 
 the fiction question [a communication of S. S. Green 
 
36 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 in answer to Peccator] (L. J., v. 5, p. 141); Fiction 
 in public libraries, by Mrs. C. H. Dall (L. J., v. 6, p. 
 158); Some remarks on the fiction question, by Prof. 
 Jevons (L. J., v. 6, p. 185); A plea for novels (L. J., 
 v. 7, p. 86); Fiction in libraries, by J. L. Beardsley 
 L- J-> v. 7, p. 175). For editorials, communications, 
 etc., called out by recent consideration of the charac- 
 ter of works of the imagination furnished by the Bos- 
 ton Public Library see L. J., v. 6, pp. 39, 45, 155, 
 204, and 223. For Fiction in Free Public Library, 
 Worcester, see L. J., v. 6, p. 28. In L. J., v. 6, p. 314 
 is a circular prepared by the cooperation committee 
 of the A. L. A. to be sent to libraries to ascertain 
 the effect caused by the withdrawal from public use 
 of certain works of fiction after a period of circulation, 
 as well as the effect of not admitting such works. The 
 answers received to the questions in this circular may 
 be found tabulated in L. J., v. 7, p. 28. 
 
 For an example of radical opposition to the pres- 
 ence of any novels in a public library see Fiction in 
 public libraries, by William Kite (L. J., v. i, p. 277). 
 In the proceedings of the Philadelphia conference 
 there is a discussion on novels in libraries (L. J., v. 
 i, p. 96); so, also, in the proceedings of the London 
 conference (L. J., v. 2, p. 255), and of the Cincinnati 
 meeting of the American Library Association (L. J., 
 v. 7, p. 204). The characteristics of the works of 
 " Some lady novelists" as seen from a public library 
 are given in L. J., v. 7, p. 108. 
 
 For a list of the best hundred novels see an article 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 37 
 
 by F. B. Perkins in the L. J., v. i, p. 166. There is 
 an interesting paper on Sunday-school libraries by 
 Miss Martha H. Brooks in Library Journal, v. 4, p. 
 338. Look, also, under the heading Administration for 
 an article by S. S. Green entitled Selection of books 
 for Sunday-school libraries, etc. 
 
 The Thomas Crane Public Library, of Quincy, 
 Massachusetts, has issued two Children's Book Lists, 
 one containing books under the heads Fiction, Fairy 
 Tales, and Historical Fiction; the other, books under 
 the heads Biography, History, Science and Natural 
 History, Travel and Adventure, Miscellaneous. The 
 lists are intended to be short, containing, both to- 
 gether, only a few hundred volumes. These lists 
 have proved useful. 
 
 Mr. J. N. Larned, of Buffalo, has recently issued 
 a catalogue of books in the Young Men's Library 
 suited to young persons, indicating in it such books as 
 he knows to be wholesome. Mr. Larned published a 
 large enough edition of his catalogue to enable him 
 to sell copies to other libraries. 
 
 Mr. Leypoldt has just published a catalogue of 
 Books for the Young, by Miss C. M. Hewins. This 
 contains an admirable selection of books for children, 
 and is by far the best catalogue of books of this kind 
 that has yet appeared. 
 
 NEED OF TRAINED LIBRARIANS. 
 
 Examine Library science a special study at the 
 (German) universities, by Rullman (Spec. Rep., p. 
 
38 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 xxivj; Apprenticeship of librarians, by Melvil Dewey 
 (L. J., v. 4, p. 147) ; Consulting iibrarianship, by 
 Melvil Dewey (L. J., v. 5, p. 16); Selecting and train- 
 ing library assistants, by James L. Whitney (L. J., v. 
 7, p. 136) ; and Training of assistants in a library, 
 by F. Vinton (L. J., v. 7, p. 290). Examine L. J., v. 
 6, p. 257, under the heading Need of trained librari- 
 ans, for the substance of a report of the Council of 
 the L. A. U. K. describing a plan for securing trained 
 librarians. 
 
 LIBRARIES WITH MUSEUMS. 
 
 See Special Report, p. 434, Art museums and their 
 connection with public libraries, by H. S. Frieze, and 
 Libraries with museums, by H. A. Homes (L. J., v. 
 6, p. 81). There is a discussion of the latter paper 
 in the L. J., v. 6, p. 128. Note, also, Separate the 
 departments (L. J., v. 5, p. 223). 
 
 DISTRIBUTION OF PUBLIC DOCUMENTS. 
 
 A report criticising the present plans for the distri- 
 bution of public documents and suggesting changes 
 in "the plans that would make the distribution more 
 satisfactory to librarians, prepared by S. S. Green as 
 a member of a committee of the American Library 
 Association, was read at a meeting of the associa- 
 tion held in Washington, February 1881, and may be 
 found in L. J., v. 6, p. 86. For a discussion of this re- 
 port see L. J., v. 6, p. 130. Mr. Green made a re- 
 port on the action of Congress in regard to plans for 
 
LIBRARY AIDS. 39 
 
 the distribution of public documents at the session 
 beginning in December 1881 (L. J., v. 7, p. 226). By 
 a resolution of the House of Representatives adopted 
 Aug. 8, 1882, J. G. Ames, A. R. Spofford, and Spen- 
 cer F. Baird were appointed a committee to prepare 
 a report regarding the publication and distribution of 
 public documents. The committee has made a re- 
 port, and it has been printed as Miscellaneous Docu- 
 ment Number 12, H. R., 47th Congress, Second ses- 
 sion. It contains, first, a compilation of such laws as 
 are permanent or continuous in their operation gov- 
 erning the printing and distribution of public docu- 
 ments, with notes embodying information deemed of 
 general interest or value ; second, a tabulated state- 
 ment of the documents of the Forty-sixth Congress 
 and of the first session of the Forty-seventh Congress, 
 printed or to be printed in compliance with the pro- 
 visions of laws already in force and of special acts or 
 resolutions of Congress showing the number, distri- 
 bution, and, so far as it has been found practicable to 
 give it, the cost of the same, together with the num- 
 ber to which each member of Congress is entitled, 
 and the surplus remaining after the distribution 
 directed has been made. This report is accompanied 
 by a bill and resolutions which in the judgment of the 
 committee would greatly increase the satisfactoriness 
 of the provisions of law now existing. 
 
40 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 CONCLUSION. 
 
 In closing, it should be stated that there is much 
 discussion in the Special Report and Library Journal 
 concerning improvements which it is to be hoped will 
 be some time introduced. S.uch subjects are treated 
 there as cooperative cataloguing, cooperative index- 
 ing of periodicals (as supplementary to the work done 
 by Mr. Poole in his Index of Periodical Literature), 
 the supply by publishers of catalogue-slips with books 
 sold to libraries and individuals, the distribution of 
 public documents, a clearing-house for duplicates, 
 etc. 
 
 Progress is continually being made in respect to 
 methods of housing and administering libraries. Li- 
 brarians should, therefore, read carefully the succes- 
 sive issues of the Library Journal (N. Y., Frederick 
 Leypoldt), the reports of the meetings of the Ameri- 
 can Library Association, those of the meetings of the 
 Library Association of the United Kingdom, the 
 Monthly Noi;es of this association, the first number 
 of which, issued by Triibner & Co., bears the elate 
 Jan. 15, 1880, and such works as are issued in the 
 interest of libraries by the United States Bureau of 
 Education. 
 
 SAMUEL S. GREEN, 
 
 Worcester, Massachusetts. 
 
LIBRARY AUTHORITIES. 41 
 
 LIBRARY AUTHORITIES. 
 
 The following "authorities" are quoted, in the En- 
 cyclopaedia Britannica (vol. 14, 1882) under the article 
 "Libraries," by H. R. Tedder, F.S.A., Librarian 
 Athenaeum Club, and E. C. Thomas, B.A., Secretary, 
 Library Association. London: 
 
 There have been many books written about library- 
 management. A complete list of those published 
 down to about 1865, with critical notes, is given in 
 Petzholdt's Bibliotheca Bibliographica (Leipsic, 1866). 
 Among recent treatises the valuable works of Mr. 
 Edward Edwards Memoirs of Libraries (1859, 2 vols. 
 8vo), Free Toivn Libraries (1869), Libraries and 
 Founders of Libraries (1865), Lives of the Founders of 
 the British Museum (1870, 2 vols. 8vo) should be in 
 the hands of all librarians. Petzholdt's Katechismus 
 der Bibliothekenlehre (Leipsic, 1871) is a practical little 
 volume. * The report of the Bureau of Education on 
 Public Libraries of the U. S. (Washington, 1876, 2 
 parts 8vo), besides giving an exhaustive account of 
 all the American libraries, also includes a great 
 variety of valuable information on library economy. 
 The six volumes of the Library Journal contain much 
 that is useful for practical librarianship ; it is a well- 
 edited periodical. Petzholdt's Anzeiger is of a more 
 bibliographical character. The different publications 
 of the Library Association include a great deal of in- 
 teresting matter. 
 
 * // is proper to state here that Dr. Zoller is preparing a new, 
 enlarged edition of his ''^ Bibliothekivissenschaft in Umrissen" 
 (Stiittgart, 1846). F. L. 
 
42 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL AUTHORITIES. 
 
 The following references are given under " Bibli- 
 ography" in the "Bibliographical Aids" prefixed to 
 the second volume (Subject-Index) of the American 
 Catalogue: 
 
 Cutter, C. A. Some works of reference (of special use 
 
 to cataloguers). [In Public libraries in U. S., 
 
 Special report, Bureau of Educ., pt. 2. Wash., 
 
 1876. 8.] 
 Gee, W. H. Works relating to bibliography, history 
 
 of printing, book-binding, etc., catalogues of public 
 
 libraries on sale. Oxford, 1880. 8. 
 Guild, R. A. Librarian's manual ; comprising a de 
 
 scriptive list of bibliographies. N. Y., 1858. 4.. 
 Leypoldt, F. List of recent works on bibliography- 
 
 [In Publishers' Weekly, Oct. 24, 1872.] 
 Petzholdt, J. Bibliotheca bibliographica. Leipzig, 
 
 1866. 8V 
 Porter, W. G. Hand-list of bibliographies, classified 
 
 catalogues and indexes, in the Reading Room of the 
 
 British Museum. Lond., 1881. 8. 
 Power, J. A handy-book about books. London, 
 
 1870. 8. 
 
 Rye, W. B. A list of the books of reference in the 
 Reading Room of the British Museum. London, 
 
 1871. 8. 
 
 Sabin, Joseph. A bibliography of bibliography. 
 N. Y., 1877. 8. 
 Based on Power's Handy-book. 
 
 Spofford, A. R. Works of reference for libraries. 
 [In Public libraries in U. S., Special report, Bureau 
 'of Educ. Wash., 1876. 8. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 43 
 
 Steiger, E. Bibliographical bibliography : practical 
 bibliographical publications issued in Germany, 
 Austria and Switzerland. \In Year-book of edu- 
 cation for 1879. N. Y. 8.] 
 
 Winsor, J. Principal reference books for college 
 libraries. [/ his College libraries as aids to in- 
 struction. Bureau of Educ. Circ. of information, 
 No. i, 1880. Wash., 1880. 8.] 
 
 A select list of general and special bibliographies is given in 
 Bost. Pub. Lib. Handbook for readers. The Library of Con- 
 gress, Boston Pubjic Library, Astor Library, and N. Y. State 
 Library are especially full in bibliographical works. The 
 Library Journal has a regular department of the current biblio- 
 graphical publications. A list of bibliographical journals is 
 published every year in Schulz' Adressbuch fiir den deutschen 
 Buchhandel. 
 
 The Bost. Pub. Lib. Handb. for readers recommends the fol- 
 lowing bibliographical periodicals : " For current works hi 
 English consult Leypoldt's Publishers' 1 Weekly, which has 
 taken the place of the old Publishers' Circular. The London 
 Bookseller and Publishers' Circular are similar records for 
 Great Britain. For publications in French there are the monthly 
 issues of Bossange and Reinwald, in Paris, and of Christern, in 
 New York. The Polybiblion : Revue Bibliographique Univer- 
 selle has been published since 1866. The Bibliographie de la 
 France has a yearly index of authors and subjects. For those 
 in German there are the lists of Christern, Westermann, and 
 Steiger, in New York. The Allgemeine Bibliographie, pub- 
 lished monthly by Brockhaus, of Leipzig, is a classed catalogue 
 of the most important European and American publications. 
 Other useful publications as records of current bibliographical 
 issues are Petzholdt's Neuer Aazeiger, which has been con- 
 tinued since 1840, with useful classified indexes, and the Sera- 
 peum, now discontinued, also running back to 1840. 
 
 [To these journals should be added the Monthly Notes of the 
 Library Association of the United Kingdom, The Bibliographer 
 (London) and Le Livre (Paris). F. L.] 
 
44 BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 In connection with this list, which was compiled 
 in 1881, should be mentioned the most import- 
 ant of recent publications, viz., "Bibliographic des 
 Bibliographies," par Leon Vallee, de la Bibliotheque 
 Nationale, Paris, 1883, fully described in the Library 
 Journal, June, 1883. This work is arranged alpha- 
 betically by authors, but has an index of subjects. 
 Worthy of special mention is also "An Index 
 to some Recent Reference Lists," by H. J. Carr, 
 in the Library Journal, February, 1883. This 
 to some extent forms a supplement to the "Biblio- 
 graphical Aids" in the "American Catalogue." It is 
 arranged on the same plan, viz., alphabetically by 
 subjects. The Monthly Notes of the L. A. U. K., 
 February, 1883, contains Mr. Tedder's paper on 
 "The Bibliography of 1882." See, also, Library 
 Journal, Foster's Monthly Reference. Lists, Literary 
 News, and Publishers'' Weekly, whose various biblio- 
 graphical features are fully described elsewhere in 
 this pamphlet. 
 
 In addition to Mr. Green's remarks on Poole's 
 " Index to Periodical Literature" (Library Aids, p. 
 15), it should be stated that not only has the plan for 
 issuing annual supplements been decided upon, but 
 that a monthly " Co-operative Index to the Monthly 
 Current Numbers of Leading Periodicals," edited by 
 W. I. Fletcher, is now a regular feature of the 
 Library Journal. 'See full account in the pages of the 
 publisher, appended to this pamphlet. F. L. 
 
LIBRARY REFERENCES. 45 
 
 LIBRARY REFERENCES. 
 
 Reprinted, by kind permission of author and publisher, from 
 Poolers "Index to Periodical Literature" 
 
 Librarian, Profession of. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. i: 5. 
 
 Qualifications of. (L. P. Smith) Lib. J. i: 69. 
 
 Work of. (J. Fiske) Atlan. 38: 480. (J. J. Bailey) Western, 
 
 2: 663. 
 
 Catalogues. (H. A. Hagen) Nation, 24: 41. (C. A. Cut- 
 ter) Nation, 24: 86. 
 
 Librarians, Amateur. Liv. Age, 137: 571. 
 
 and Readers. Lib. J. i: 123. 
 
 Relations between. (S. S. Green) Lib. J. i: 74. 
 
 Apprenticeship of. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. 4: 147. 
 
 Conference of. See below, Library Conference. 
 
 Longevity of. (C. Walford) Lib. J. 5: 67. 
 Library, The.. (L. Cross) Colburn, 165: 906, 989, 1087. 
 
 and Garden, Pleasures of. Temp. Bar, 53: 350. 
 
 Arrangement of a private. (B. R. Wheatley) Lib. J. 3: 211. 
 
 Books for a small. Pamph. 2: 279. 
 
 Evening in a private. Temp. Bar, 33: 195. 35: 397. 
 
 Family. Blackw. 26: 413. 
 
 Imperial, at Paris. Westm. 93: 429. 
 
 Mode of forming. Penny M. i: 21. 
 
 Monastic Library at Lichfield, England, 1400. Colburn, 1: 3t. 
 
 National, for Ireland. Dub. Univ. 29: 81. 
 
 of Alexandria, Burning of. Fraser, 29: 465. 
 
 of the British Museum. See British Museum. 
 
 of Congress. See Congressional Library. 
 
 of the i4th Century. (H. M. Dexter) Cong. Q. 2: 268. 
 
 of useful Knowledge. (H. Brougham) Ed. R. 51: 526. 
 American. (A. H. Everett) No. Am. 33: 515. 
 
 See [in Poolers Inde,r\ names of particular libraries, of 
 cities and towns, and of colleges and universities. 
 
46 POOLE'S LIBRARY REFERENCES. 
 
 Libraries, Illustrated. (J. T. Wood) Potter Am. Mo. 13: 409. 
 
 Accession Catalogue for. Model. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. i: 315. 
 
 Ancient. Am. Bibliop. i: 299. 
 History of. West. J. 5: Ji4- 
 
 Ancient and modern. W. H. Russell) Ed. R. 139: i. Same 
 
 art. Liv. Age, 121: 259. (W. Dowe) Nat. Q. 37: 307- (S. 
 B. Treat) Am. Eel. x: 351. 
 
 and Librarians, Monkish. Hogg, 3: 327. 
 
 and the People. Brit. Q. n: 61. 
 
 Arranging and numbering Books. (J. Schwartz) Lib. J. 3: 
 
 6, 302. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. 4: 117, 191. 
 
 as Leaven. (J. D. Butler) Am. Bibliop. 7: 189, 237. 
 
 Babylonian and Assyrian. No. Brit. 51: 305. Same art. Eel. 
 
 M. 74: 589- 
 
 Bindings in, Deterioration of. (W. R. Nichols) Lib. J. 4: 435. 
 Injury to, from Heat. Lib. J. i: 104, 124. 
 
 Book-Tags, Note on. (J. M. Anderson) Lib. J. 2: 200. 
 
 Bookseller's Discounts to. Lib. J. i: 134. 
 
 Branch. Lib. J. i: 288. 
 
 British and Continental, 1849. Eel. R. 92: i. Same art. Eel. 
 
 M. 21 : 222. 
 
 Catalogues of. Quar. 72: i. 
 
 British Museum Commission, 1849. Ed. R. 92: 371. 
 
 Co-operative. (T. H. Rogers) Lib. J. i: 62. 
 
 Slip. (H. W. D. Dunlop) Lib. J. 2: 160. 
 
 Cataloguing. See Cataloguing. 
 
 Catholic. (J. G. McGee) Cath. World, 14: 707- 
 
 Charging Loans. (F. Jackson) Lib. J. 3: 230. (M. Dewey) 
 
 Lib. J. 3: 217, 251, 285. (J. Schwartz) Lib. J. 4: 275. (C. 
 
 A. Cutter) Lib. J. 4: 445. (M. Dewey and others) Lib. 
 
 J. 5: 72, 108. 
 
 at Harvard. ( J. Winsor) Lib. J. 3: 338. 
 
 Combined Plan. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. 3: 359. 
 
 Chief Need in. (F. Vinton) Lib. J. 3: 49. 
 
 Circulating. (J. H. Friswell) Lond. Soc. 20: 515. 
 General. (J. R. Anderson) Lib. J. i:" 4 4i. 
 
 Spread of contagious Diseases by. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. 
 
 4: 258. 
 
POOLE S LIBRARY REFERENCES. 47 
 
 Libraries, Circulation of Books from. (B. R. Wheatfey) Lib. 
 
 J. 2! 210. 
 
 Classification in Dictionary Catalogues. (F. B. Perkins) Lib. 
 
 J. 4: 226. 
 
 Classification on the Shelves. (C. A. Cutter) Lib. J. 4: 234. 
 
 6: 64. 
 at British Museum. (R. Garnett) Lib. J. 2: 194. 
 
 Amherst Plan. Lib. J. x: 141. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. 3! 
 231. (Lord Lindsay) Lib. J. 4: 149. 
 
 Discussion on. Lib. J. 2: 267. 6: 115. 
 
 Mnemonic System of. (J. Schwartz) Lib. J. 4: 3. 
 
 of Fiction. (A. P. Massey) Lib. J. 6: 7 . 
 
 of Natural Sciences. (C. A. Cutter) Lib. J. 5: 163. 
 
 College, and the Classes. (J. Winsor) Lib. J. 3: 5. 
 
 and other higher. (J. Winsor) Lib. J. 4: 399. 
 
 as Semi-Public Libraries. (O. H. Robinson) Lib. J. 2: 57. 
 
 Relation to College Work. (O. H. Robinson) Lib. J. 6: 97. 
 
 Colors in, Use of. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. 3: 65. 
 
 Covering Books for. Lib. J. i: 131. 
 
 Delinquent Notices and Check Boxes. (M. Dewey) Lib. J 
 
 3: 37- 
 
 destroyed by Fire. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. 6: 163. 
 
 Duplicate Books, Coll. of. (F. M. Crunden) Lib. J. 4: 10. 
 
 Edwards' Memoirs of. No. Brit. 31: 447. Eel. M. 49: 180 
 
 Family, Parish, and Sunday School. (J. E. McGee) Cath 
 
 World, 6: 546. 
 
 Few Words about. (H. H. Morgan) Western, x: 764. 
 
 Fiction in. See Fiction. 
 
 ' Finding Lists. Lib. J. 1:130. 
 
 Fines. (B. P. Mann) Lib. J. 4: 441. 
 
 For the People. Chamb. J. 15: 199. 
 
 for Workingmen. Penny M. 2: 373. 
 
 Franklin Society of Paris. (C. A. Cutter) Lib. J. i: 3. 
 
 Free Lending. (W. W. Greenough) Am. Soc. Sci. J. 7: 323. 
 
 Chamb. J. 52: 215. House. Words, 3: 80. (J. W. Well- 
 man) Bib. Sac. 28: 209. Victoria, 10: 177. 
 
 and Readers. (J. Winsor) Lib. J. i: 63. 
 
48 POOLE'S LIBRARY REFERENCES. 
 
 Libraries, Free Lending, Books for. (J.D.Mullins)Lib. J.a: 152. 
 
 Condition of, in England, 1872. Westm. 98: 333. 
 
 A Librarian on. (C. A. Cutter) Nation, 9: 233. 
 
 Scheme of, 1847. (Dr. Smiles) Howitt, i: 119. 
 
 Statistical Notes. (W. E. A. Axon) J. Statis. Soc. 34: 327. 
 
 Growth of. Mo. R. 145: i 
 
 Historical Sketch of. Once a Week, 25: 77. 
 
 in 1819. West. R. i: 249. 
 
 in China. (W. E. A. Axon) Lib. J. 5: 6, 37. 
 
 in Europe. (E. C. Mitchell) Lib. J. 2: 12. 
 
 in Germany. (G. F. Arnold) Lib. J. 5: 131. 
 
 in Lancashire and Cheshire. (W. E. A. Axon) Lib. J. 4: 412. 
 
 in New England, Catalogues of early private. N. E. Reg. 
 
 ": 75* 355- 
 
 in small Towns. (W. H. K. Wright) Lib. J. 2: 119. 
 
 How to start. (A. M. Pendleton) Lib. J. i: 161-421. 
 
 in a System of Education. (C. Warren) Lib. J. 6: 90. 
 
 Insect Pests in. (H. A. Hagen) Lib. J. 4: 251. 
 
 Croton Bug as an. (W. Flint) Lib J. 4: 376. 
 
 Italian. Nation, 6: 287. 
 
 Regulations of. (Count U. Balzani) Lib. J. 4: 183. 
 
 Itinerating and local. Mo. R. 156: 443. 
 
 The Leeds Indicator. (J. Yates) Lib. J. i: 255, 443. 
 
 Lending, Hints on. Eng. Dom. M. 25: 218. 
 
 Lending Books from. (Sir R. Barry) Lib. J. 2: 216. (J. 
 
 Matthews) Lib. J. 2: 218. 
 
 Literature of Sunday-School and Lending. Liv. Age, 129: 550. 
 
 Losses of Books from. Lib. J. i: no. 
 
 Management of. Am. J. Educ. 2: 210. 
 
 Modern, Statistics of. West. J. 5: 319. 
 
 Monastic. Chr. Rem, 7: 616. 
 
 Museums with. (H. A. Homes) Lib. J. 6: 8r. 
 Discussion on. Lib. J. 6: 128. 
 
 Notes on Old. (H. M. Dexter) Cong. Q. 2: 15. 
 
 Numbering Books in. (C. A. Cutter) Lib. J. 3: 248, 339. 4- 
 
 88. (M. Dewey) Lib. J.4: 7, 75. (J. Edwards and others) 
 Lib. J. 4: 3 8. (J. Schwartz) Lib. J. 3: 302. 
 
POOLE S LIBRARY REFERENCES. 49 
 
 Libraries of Assyria. Am. Bibliop. 7: 156. 
 
 of Boston and Vicinity. Bib. Sac. 7: 173. 
 
 of California. (W. P. Garrison) Nation, 28; 235. 
 
 of celebrated Literary Men. Fraser, 3: 408. 
 
 of the Middle Ages. Dub. Univ. 69: 398. Same art. Cath. 
 
 World, 5: 397. 
 
 of Paris. (H. James, jr.) Nation, 20: 131. 
 
 Old, of Derbyshire. (T, Bateman) Reliquary, i: 167. 
 
 Old and new. (Mrs. A. E. Porter) Hours at Home, 4: 222. 
 
 Pamphlets in, Treatment of. (E. S. Holden) Lib. J. 5: 166. 
 
 Photo-Bibliography. (H. Stevens) Lib. J. 2: 162. 
 
 Plea for. (N. Porter) Am. Bib. Repos. 3d s. 4: 166. 
 
 Popular, Selection of Books for. (H. A. Homes) Lib. J. 3: 50. 
 
 Printing-Presses in, Use of. (J. V. Whitaker and T. L. De 
 
 Vinne) Lib. J. 4: 114. 
 
 Private, and how to manage them. (S. G. Drake) Hist. M. 
 
 13: ii. 
 of Providence, R. I. (H. Rogers) Am. Bibliop, 7: 91, 150. 
 
 Public. (J. W. Jones) No. Brit. 15: 160. (G. W. Greene) 
 
 No. Am. 45: 116. (G. Livermore) No. Am. 71: 185. (R. 
 
 B. Patton) Am. Bib. Repos. n : 174. (W. A. Larned) New 
 
 Eng. i: 307. Westm. 8: 105. Am. Alma. 1837: 78. 
 
 Am. Q. Reg. 10: 72. Bank. M. (N. Y.) 3: 372. (M. 
 
 Russell) Irish Mo. 4 : 32. (W. W. Greenough) O. & N. 10: 
 
 139. (S. F. Haven) Hist. M. 2: 195 Internat. M. 2: 359. 
 and Public Schools. (C. F. Adams, jr.) Lib. J. i: 437. 
 
 (W. E. Foster) Lib. J. 4: 319. 5: 99. (S. S. Green) Lib. 
 
 J- 5: 235. (M. Chamberlain) Lib. J. 5: 299. 
 
 Discussion on. Lib. J. 6: 136. 
 
 Experience of one Library. (C. F. Adams, jr.) Nation, 14: 
 
 334, 350- 
 
 Foreign. Chamb. J. 9: 9. 
 
 Good Reading for. (C. A. Cutter) Nation, 33: 448. 
 
 How to use. (W. E. Foster) Lib. J. 4: 447. 
 
 in Europe, Statistics of. (W. E. A. Axon) J. Statis. Soc. 
 
 33: 327- 
 and U. S. (E. Edwards) J. Statis. Soc. xi: 250. 
 
50 POOLE S LIBRARY REFERENCES. 
 
 Libraries, Public, in Germany. J. Statis. Soc. 4: 66. 
 
 in Great Britain, Report of Select Committee on. Hogg, 
 
 4: 261. 
 
 in London. Am. Bibliop. 8: 46-123. 
 
 and Paris. Brit. Q. 6: 72. Same art. Eel. M. 12: 289. 
 
 in New England. Bib. Sac. 7: 402. 
 
 in United States. (J. A. Church) Galaxy, 23: 639. (E. 
 Rowland) Harper, 54: 722. (A. R. Spofford) Am. Soc. 
 Sci. J. 2: 92. Am. Bibliop. i: 356. 
 
 Government Report on, 1876. (L. E. Jones) Lib. J. i: 
 7 . (J. A. Brown) Luth. Q. 7: 285. 
 
 Legislation for. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. 2: 7. (H. A. 
 Homes) Lib. J. 4: 262. 5: 79, 109. 
 
 Milwaukee Library Law. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. 3: ^o. 
 
 Management of. (E. Howland) Lippinc. 8: 76. 
 
 Methods of securing an Interest in. (W. E. Foster) Lib. 
 
 J- 5: 245. 
 
 Popular Objections to. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. i: 45- 
 
 Possible public Culture through. (T. Wright) Contemp. 
 40: 25. 
 
 Rationale of. (W. S. Jevons) Eel. M. 96: 632. 
 
 Usefulness of. Lib. J. 5: 114. 
 
 Working of. (W. Odell, jr.) Macmil. 43: 439. 
 
 Rules of, in German Universities. (E. W. Hall) Lib. J. 2: 75. 
 
 Scrap-Books in. (C. A. Durfee) Lib. J. 2: 65. 
 
 Selection and Acquisition of. (R. Harrison) Lib. J. 2: 145. 
 
 and Selectors. (J. M. Anderson) Lib. J. 2: 150. 
 
 Shelf-Lists versus Accession Catalogues. (J. Winsor) Lib. J. 
 
 3: 247. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. 3: 324. (M. Dewey) Lib. 
 J. 3: 336. 
 
 Special Collections in. (C. Walford) Lib. J. 2: 140. 
 
 Statistics of. (J. D. Mullins) Lib. J. 2: 219. 
 1848. Chamb. J. 10: 252. 
 
 Subject-Indexes for. (H. A. Homes) Lib. J. i: 81. 
 
 Co-operative Scheme of. (R. R. Bowker) Lib. J, 3- 326. 
 
 Report on uniform Title Entries. Lib. J. 3: 12. 
 
 - Sunday Use of. (W. E. A. Axon) Lib. J. 3: 258. 
 
LIBRARY REFERENCES. 51 
 
 Libraries, Town. (J. P. Quincy) O. & N. 6: 358. 
 
 Catalogues for. (J. L. Whitney) Lib. J. 4; 268. 
 
 University. (C. H, Robarts) Lib. J. 2: 129. 
 
 and Professional Colleges. (C. H. Robarts) Macmil. 33: 
 326. 
 
 Word to Starters of. (J. Winsor) Lib. J. i: i. 
 Library Aids. (S. S. Green) Lib. J. 6: 104. 
 
 Library Association, Amer. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. i: 245. 
 
 Constitution. Lib. J, i: 253. 
 
 Co-operation Committee's Reports. Lib. J. i: 283-429. 
 
 Meeting at Philadelphia, 1876. Lib, J. i: 95-143. 
 Meeting at New York, 1877. Lib. J. i: 429. 
 
 Proceedings. Lib. J. 2: 5, 16. 
 
 at Boston, 1879. Lib. J. 4: 223-310. 
 
 at Washington, 1881. Lib. J. 6: 63-141. 
 
 of the United Kingdom. Lib. J. 4: 51. 
 
 Organization of. Lib. J. 2: 282. 
 
 Council Meetings. Lib. J. 3; 20, 335. 
 
 Meeting at Oxford, 1878. Lib. J. 3: 115-369. 
 
 at Manchester, 1879. Lib. J. 4: 405. 
 at Edinburgh, 1880. Lib. J. 5: 250. 
 
 Monthly Meetings, 1878. Lib. J. 3: 115-369. 
 
 1879- Lib. J. 4: 15-405- 
 . _ 1880. Lib. J. 5: 12-310. 
 
 1881. Lib. J. 6: 5-314. 
 
 Western. Lib. J. 6: 318. 
 
 Library Associations in France and America. (C. A. Cutter) 
 
 Lib. J.i : 389. 
 
 -- Mercantile. Hunt, 29: 437. 
 Library Buildings. (J. Winsor and H. Van Brunt) Am. Arch. 
 
 6: 85. 
 r- Construction of. (C. A. Cutter) Lib. J. 4: 424. (W. F. 
 
 Poole) Am. Arch. 10: 131. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. 6: 69. 
 
 Lib. J. 2: 31. 
 
 . Discussions on. Lib. J. 2: 251. 4: 292. 6: 123. 
 
 . Poole on. (F. F. Browne) Dial (Ch.), i: 243. 
 
 Fire-Proof. (J. Travers) J. Frankl. Inst. 42: 337. 
 
52 POOLE S LIBRARY REFERENCES. 
 
 Libraries, Heating. (M. Dui) Lib. J. 6: 93. 
 
 Note on. (G. Depping) Lib. J. 2: 145. 
 
 Protection from Fires. Lib. J. 4: 52. 
 
 Ventilation in. (D. F. Lincoln) Lib. J. 4: 254. 
 Library Conference at Phila., 1876. Lib. J. i: 13, 90. 
 
 Address to. (J. W. Wallace) Lib. J. i: 92. 
 Discussions at. Lib. J. i: 95-143. 
 
 Papers read at. Lib. J. i: 45-89. 
 
 English, at London, 1877. Lib. J. i: 304, 325, 397. 
 
 (A. G. Knight) Month, 34: 175. 
 
 Inaugural Address. (J. W. Jones) Lib. J. 2: 99. 
 
 Papers read at. Lib. J. 2: 99-210. 
 
 Proceedings. Lib. J. 2: 245-289. 
 
 Thoughts on. (P. Cowell) Lib. J. 3: 68. 
 
 For later conferences, see Library Association, American, 
 
 and Library Association of the United Kingdom. 
 Library Economy at Princeton College, with cuts. (F. Vinton) 
 
 Lib. J. 2: 53- 
 
 Library Exhibition, Paris National. (A. Laugel) Nation, 28: 80. 
 Library Hours. (M. Dewey) Lib. J. 4: 449. 
 Library Law, Milwaukee. (W. F. Poole) Lib. J. 3: 190. 
 
 See also Libraries, Public, Legislation for. 
 Library Lectures. (W. E\ A. Axon) Lib. J. 3: 47. (J. Win 
 
 sor) Lib. J. 3: 120. 
 Library Manual, Goodenough's English Gentleman's. Lond. 
 
 M. 18: 452. 
 
 Library Service, Standard of. (J. Mullins) Lib. J. 3: 52, 160. 
 Library Statistics. Lib. J. i: 429. 
 Library Wants, Some Notes on. (G. L. Gomme) Colburn, z6z: 
 
 422. 
 
[Reprinted from Foster s "Libraries and Readers "\ 
 
 VIII. BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING. 
 
 IN this article we shall aim to point out the 
 various treatises, manuals, articles and essays 
 which bear upon the subject of this book. In 
 other words the reader will find here a series of 
 references to the subject of reading by which he 
 can study it with as much fulness as he desires. 
 And it should be remembered, as has been pointed 
 out elsewhere,* that, because many different per- 
 sons have written on this subject, it does not 
 necessarily follow that one should read them 
 all ; though it does follow that a reader will 
 do well to examine, and see what has been 
 written. 
 
 Some of the books on reading. Among the 
 books which deserve to be read through may be 
 mentioned President Porter's " Books and read- 
 ing", a new edition of which has appeared within 
 a year. This work is prepared on a very com- 
 prehensive plan, giving counsel and suggestions 
 in connection with almost every phase of the sub- 
 
 * See pages 28 and 30* 
 
Il8 LIBRARIES AND READERS. 
 
 ject, and also mentioning a large number of books 
 by title. 
 
 Two other books published within a few 
 years which deserve mention are "The choice 
 of books", by Professor C. F. Richardson ; and 
 " Hints for home reading", by Lyman Abbott, 
 Charles Dudley Warner, and others. 
 The second is what is sometimes called a sym- 
 posium in which the various sides of the ques- 
 tion are presented by different writers. For in- 
 stance, Mr. Sweetser discusses " What the people 
 read" ; Dr. Hamlin discusses " Plans of read- 
 ing" ; Mr. Hale gives suggestions on " The choice 
 of books", etc. It should be added that this book 
 has thirty pages devoted to lists of books, with 
 prices added. 
 
 This feature of book lists is prominent in " The 
 best reading," edited by F. B. Perkins and others. 
 This book has gone through many editions, of 
 which the latest was issued in 1877, but it has 
 been continued by a "Second series" published 
 in 1882, edited by L. E. Jones. At the end of this 
 book (the edition of 1877), there are about forty 
 pages of suggestions and counsel on reading. 
 The "Readings on readings", at p. 305-18 are 
 quotations from' a great variety of authorities. 
 
 Several other publications prepared on a simi- 
 lar plan have been published within the last fifty 
 
BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING. 119 
 
 years,* but no one of them so well meets the case 
 as " The best reading." 
 
 Some lectures and addresses. But aside from 
 these systematically constructed " handbooks" 
 and " lists", some of the most valuable counsel 
 and suggestions on reading have been given in 
 the shape of lectures or addresses. We will men- 
 tion some of the best. In 1864 John Ruskin 
 delivered two lectures at Manchester, England, 
 which have since been published under the title, 
 " Sesame and lilies." In 1866 Thomas Carlyle, 
 on delivering his inaugural address as rector of 
 the University of Edinburgh, furnished some 
 very suggestive counsel " On the choice of books." 
 In 1877 Dean Stanley delivered an address at 
 Bristol, England, on " The education of after- 
 life", touching quite fully on " reading as an in- 
 fluence in such education." In 1878 Mr. G. J. 
 Goschen delivered an address on "The culture of 
 the imagination", dealing largely with the ques- 
 tion of reading. This was published separately 
 as a pamphlet, but w r as also reprinted in LittelFs, 
 v. 141, p. 620-29. I n l8 7 8 tne late Professor 
 Diman delivered a noteworthy address on read- 
 ing, at the dedication of the Rogers Free Library, 
 Bristol, R. I., which has been printed. In 1879, 
 
 * Some of these are mentioned in the Library Journal* v. 5, 
 p. 41. 
 
120 LIBRARIES AND READERS. 
 
 Dr. Oliver Wendell Holmes delivered an admir- 
 able address on reading, before the Society to 
 Encourage Studies at Home. [Printed, in part, 
 in the Boston Daily Advertiser, July 25, 1 879.]* In 
 1878 Professor William P.Atkinson delivered be- 
 fore the Boston Young Men's Christian Union a 
 remarkably suggestive lecture "On the right use 
 of books." [This is published separately, as is 
 also an earlier lecture by Mr. Atkinson, on 
 " Books and reading", 1860.] A lecture on " The 
 friendship of books", by the late Rev. Frederick 
 Denison Maurice is found in the volume of that 
 title, published in 1880. This admirable volume 
 also contains other noteworthy lectures delivered 
 between 1850 and 1864, on " Books", " Words", 
 "Ancient history", " English history", and "The 
 use and abuse of newspapers." The lecture on 
 " Culture by reading and books", in James Free- 
 man Clarke's excellent volume, " Self-culture," 
 is particularly worthy of attention. 
 
 So7ne things in periodicals. There are two 
 recent magazine articles of considerable value ; 
 " Books and critics", by Mark Pattison, Fort- 
 nightly Review, Nov., 1877, (reprinted in Littelfs, 
 v. 135, p, 77 r ~83); "On the choice of books", by 
 Frederic Harrison, Fortnightly Review, Apr., 
 
 * See quotations from this address at pages 25 and 32 of this 
 volume. 
 
BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING. 12 1 
 
 1879, (reprinted in Littells, v. 141, p. 259-71, and 
 also in Appletoris Journal, v. 21, p. 432-43). See 
 also the articles by E. O. Vaile, on " Reading as 
 an intellectual process", Popular Science Monthly, 
 Dec., 1875 ; by Josiah P. Quincy, on "The abuse 
 of reading", Old and New, April, 1873, v. 7, 
 p. 445-50; and by "Arthur Penn", (J. B< Mat- 
 thews) " Notes on reading", The Century, May, 
 1882. For other periodical references, see the 
 new edition of Poole's Index, p. 1085. 
 
 Parts of books. We must not omit to mention 
 also the important material which is to be found 
 published not as separate books, nor as separate 
 articles, but as parts of books. 
 
 For instance, the essay on " Books" in Ralph 
 Waldo Emerson's volume, "Society and soli- 
 tude", is something which no one would wish to 
 overlook. And the older essay of Lord Bacon, 
 which has the title " Of studies", has excellent 
 counsel on the use of books which perhaps has 
 not since been surpassed for soundness. Charles 
 Lamb's " Essays of Elia", contain some " De- 
 tached thoughts on books and reading", which 
 are noteworthy. It is here that he makes the 
 remark that "Milton almost requires a solemn 
 service of music to be played before you enter 
 upon him." ("Works", Am. ed., v. 2, p. 191-92.) 
 William Godwin, in "The enquirer", (1797) has an 
 
122 LIBRARIES AND READERS. 
 
 essay on " Reading." No one who knows the 
 quality of Sir Arthur Helps's writings will wish 
 to lose the essays and discussions on " Reading" 
 and " History" in his " Friends in council ", se- 
 ries i, volume i. In Hamerton's "Intellectual 
 life" there are two admirable letters on " Read- 
 ing." Dr. W. E. Channing, in a lecture on " Self- 
 culture", delivered in 1838, has some very appro- 
 priate words on reading, ("Works", (1843), v. 2, 
 P- 377-8o; ed. of 1875, p. 23-24.) In Smiles's 
 " Character" is a chapter on " The companion- 
 ship of books"; and in his volume on " Self-help" 
 also are some helpful suggestions, (Am. ed., p. 
 363-66.) Another excellent book is that by John 
 Stuart Blackie, " On self-culture", which has sug- 
 gestions as to reading, (p. 9-10, 37-51.) Another 
 helpful book is Munger's"On the threshold", 
 which has a chapter on " Reading." See also 
 the chapters on " Books", in Bishop Clark's 
 volume, . " Early discipline and culture", and in 
 many other similar books. In the two little 
 books, '^How to do it", and " What career?", 
 Rev. Edward Everett Hale has most happily suc- 
 ceeded in presenting the principles of right read- 
 ing for young readers. See also "How to read ", 
 by " Olive Thorne", (reprinted from St. Nicholas^) 
 See also " Self-formation", by Capel Lofft. Also 
 the suggestive remarks of Mr. Ruskin, appended 
 
BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING. 123 
 
 to his " Elements of drawing", (Am. ed., p. 231- 
 34.) Also the chapter on " Habits of reading", 
 in Professor E.T. Channing's " Lectures on rhet- 
 oric and oratory." Professor Henry Reed's " Lec- 
 tures on English literature" and " Lectures on 
 English history" contain such chapters as " The 
 study of history", " Sunday reading", etc. 
 
 The following will also be found interesting: 
 " The art of reading", in " Essays in mosaic", 
 edited by Thomas Ballantyne and the chapter 
 on " Re-reading a book", in Jacox's" Recreations 
 of a recluse", v. i, p. 22-46. " Men and books", 
 by Professor Austin Phelps, published within a 
 year, has a title which is misleading without the 
 addition of the sub-title, " Studies in homiletics." 
 
 The introductory chapter " On the study of 
 history", prefixed to C. K. Adams's " Manual of 
 historical literature", (p. 1-30), deserves and will 
 command very careful attention. 
 
 Under the head of fiction reading, there is a 
 somewhat voluminous literature. The indexes 
 to the successive volumes of the Library Jour- 
 nal will refer you to much of it ; and you will 
 also find many articles and papers referred to in 
 Mr. S. S. Green's paper on " Library aids", read 
 at the Baltimore meeting of the American Li- 
 brary Association, (p. 9-10 of the report as pub- 
 lished by the U. S. Bureau of Education, and also 
 
124 LIBRARIES AND READERS. 
 
 in the Library Journal, v. 6, p. no-ii.) An ar- 
 ticle not there included is the very suggestive one 
 by Professor Justin Winsor, in the Boston Daily 
 Advertiser, June 9, 1877, on " Fiction as a start- 
 ing-point in reading." 
 
 Reading of school children. An almost equally 
 voluminous literature is that on the reading of 
 school children. See under this head also Mr. 
 Green's " Library aids", p. 9, (also in Library 
 Journal, v. 6, p. 1 10) ; also the volume, " Libraries 
 and schools", edited by Mr. Green, (just published 
 by F. Leypoldt), which includes some of those 
 cited in the " Library aids." Also, nos. i and 2 of 
 the " Free public library circular", issued by the 
 state board of education of Rhode Island, (no. i, 
 "How and what to read", by Rev. Washington 
 Gladden; and no. 2, " Reading in the right direc- 
 tion", by A. F. Blaisdell, M.D.) There are also 
 two recent annual reports of state boards of edu- 
 cation containing discussions of this topic, which 
 have been separately reprinted ; (" Books and read- , 
 ing for the young", from the annual report of 
 the Indiana superintendent of public instruction, 
 1880; and "The reading of our boys and girls", 
 from the annual report of the secretary of the 
 Connecticut Board of Education, 1882.) In the 
 Library Journal, Sept.-Oct., 1879, it will be re- 
 membered, are printed the papers on this topic, 
 
BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING. 125 
 
 read before the American Librar^ Association in 
 1879. The little volume prepared by Miss C. M. 
 Hewins, under the title of " Books for the young", 
 and lately published by F. Leypoldt, meets most 
 admirably the demand for carefully selected lists, 
 and contains also valuable and interesting coun- 
 sel. Other serviceable lists of books for young 
 readers are those published by the Buffalo Young 
 Men's Library and the Brookline Public Library. 
 Other phases of the subject. On the relation of 
 public libraries to readers, see Mr. Winsor's pa- 
 per at the Library Conference in 1876, on " Free 
 libraries and readers", {Library Journal, v. I, p. 
 63-67.) Also Mr. S. S. Green's paper at the 
 same conference, on " Personal relations between 
 librarians and readers", (Library Journal, v. I, 
 p. 74-81 ; also published separately.) Also the 
 paper on " Professorships of books and reading", 
 by William Mathews, (United States government 
 report on " Public libraries in the United States", 
 4876, p. 240-51; also reprinted in Mr. Mathews's 
 " Hours with men and books", p. 136-58.) And 
 that by Mr. F. B. Perkins, on the same subject, 
 (U. S. government report, p. 230-39.) On "li- 
 brary lectures", see the address of Rufus Choate, 
 in 1854, ("Works", v. i, p. 468-74.) Also an 
 article by W. E. A. Axon, of Manchester, Eng- 
 land, in the Library Journal, v. 3, p. 47-49, and 
 
126 LIBRARIES AND READERS. 
 
 a letter by Professor Winsor, in the Library 
 Journal, v. 3, p. 120-21. 
 
 Literary periodicals. Not only for suggesting 
 lines of reading, but for indicating suitable books 
 for purchase, the best literary periodicals are of 
 great value. For instance, the regular reading 
 and consulting of such papers as The Nation, The 
 Critic and The Literary World, whose book- 
 reviews are of recognized authority, cannot fail 
 to be serviceable; provided they are properly 
 used. It is frequently well to see what is said of 
 a book by some critic, after reading it ourselves, 
 but it is also well to have formed our own opin- 
 ion of the book first, subject to the modification 
 which we find to be necessary from the points 
 made by the critic. But these reviews are nearly 
 always valuable as pointing out those character- 
 istics of a book which will enable us to judge 
 whether we need to read it, or own it. Of similar 
 service, to a certain extent, are some of the 
 cheaper literary papers, such as Good Literature 
 and The Literary News. The former of these 
 chiefly aims to give suggestive and valuable ex- 
 tracts from the. best of the current publications. 
 The latter aims rather at showing readers the 
 quality and value of these current publications 
 by quoting what is said about them as well as 
 extracts from them. Nor will a reader find it 
 
BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING. 127 
 
 amiss to consult what maybe called the "techni- 
 cally literary" publications, such as the Library 
 Journal, Publishers Weekly, etc. Although these 
 are primarily intended for librarians and publish- 
 ers and booksellers, the information they contain 
 is of importance to any one who is selecting 
 books for purchase or use. What we have thus 
 far mentioned are all American publications. If 
 the reader has time for it, he will certainly do 
 well to extend his reading to the English critical 
 papers of similar scope; The Athen<zum, The 
 Academy, The Spectator, the English Literary 
 World, which as well as its American namesake, 
 is a helpful publication, and others. 
 . The bibliography of reading. Lastly, the reader 
 cannot afford to overlook the bibliography of his 
 subject. Here, however, we cannot do better 
 than to refer the reader to Sabin's " Bibliogra- 
 phy of bibliography" ; Power's " Handy book 
 about books;" the list of "Books of reference 
 for libraries", by A. R. Spofford, (in the U. S. 
 government report p. 686-710); the notes under 
 "Bibliography" in Mr. Green's paper on "Aids 
 and guides for readers", (Library Journal, July- 
 Aug., 1882, p. 146-47) ; and particularly to the 
 very comprehensive article, " Bibliographical 
 aids", by F. Leypoldt, in the " American cata- 
 logue", pt. 2, (Subjects), p. v-xx. Under the head 
 
T28 LIBRARIES AND READERS. 
 
 of "Indexes" in Mr. Green's " Aids and guides 
 for readers" just referred to, reference is made 
 not only to Poole's Index, but to the numerous 
 indexes to single periodicals recently published, 
 {Library Joitrnal, v. 7, p. 139-41.) In the same 
 article is an allusion to the Monthly Reference 
 Lists (published by the Providence Public 
 Library), in which the idea of "practical bibli- 
 ography" has received a very noteworthy de- 
 velopment. It is of considerable importance 
 that there should be no misconception as to the 
 proper function of these references and of those 
 in such books as Winsor's "Reader's handbook 
 of the American revolution", Gardiner and Mul- 
 linger's " Introduction to the study of English his- 
 tory", and Adams's " Manual of historical litera- 
 ture" ; and the necessary limitations and scope 
 of these works are pointed out in an article on 
 " Helps for readers and librarians", (by the 
 writer), in the Library Journal, May, 1882, p. 
 85-86. But since the publication of that article 
 three others have appeared which are sure to be 
 of great service. These are "Historical refer- 
 ences", by Professor John T. Short; "The read- 
 er's guide to English history", by Professor Wil- 
 liam F. Allen ; and a " Catalogue of historical 
 novels and tales", by H. Courthope Bowen. The 
 characteristics of these three works are well 
 
BOOKS AND ARTICLES ON READING. 129 
 
 indicated in the Literary News, Oct., 1882, p. 
 306-7. 
 
 In conclusion we will remind the reader that 
 the little volumes, " Books of all time", " A read- 
 ing diary of modern fiction", and one or two 
 other similar volumes in preparation, contain 
 serviceable hints and suggestions for readers.* 
 
 * Among other discussions worthy of notice are the following : 
 " The growth of young people's literature", in the New Eng- 
 land Journal of Education, v. 17, no. 4 (1883); "The public 
 library and the common schools", by Charles Francis Adams, 
 jr., [1879], reprinted in the volume "Libraries and schools", 
 already referred to ; the excellent suggestions on " The use of 
 reference books 1 ', by Miss Mary W. Hinman, at pages 45-56 of 
 the Indiana school report, cited on page 124 of this volume ; 
 Langford's " Praise o books", a most delightful volume pub- 
 lished in English a few years ago ; and a volume just issued 
 which is based on a similar plan, "The book-lover's enchiri- 
 dion", by " Philobiblos." The latter, however, is pronounced 
 by the Monthly Notes (of the Library Association of the 
 United Kingdom) "a not uninteresting compilation"; adding: 
 " It is impossible to say much for his sources or his accuracy." 
 There is also a compilation published at Toronto in 1880, en- 
 titled " Pleas for books ; selections for lovers of books." There 
 is also a very striking and noteworthy address by Col. Homer 
 B. Sprague, delivered at the dedication of the West Brookfield 
 (Mass.) Public Library. See also the forcibly written article by 
 the late Professor William Stanley Jevons, in the Contemporary 
 Review, March, 1881, v. 39, p. 385-402, on "The rationale of 
 free public libraries." We should not omit to add that one of 
 the most thoughtful and suggestive considerations of the subject, 
 under such heads as " the newspaper", " the novel ", etc., is to 
 be found in President John Bascom's nth Lowell Institute 
 lecture on " The philosophy of English literature." 
 
ADDENDA. 
 
 Since the publication of " Libraries and Read- 
 ers" the following works have been published 
 or announced : " Books and how to use them," 
 by J. C. Van Dyke (Fords) ; " The reading 
 of books: its pleasures, profits, and perils," 
 by Charles F. Thwing (Lee & Shepard) ; " The 
 highways of literature, or what to read and how 
 to read," by D. Pryde (Funk & Wagnalls) ; " Chats 
 about books, poets, and novelists," by M. W. Ha- 
 zeltine (Scribner) ; " Methodism and literature," 
 by F. A. Archibald (Walden & Stowe), contain- 
 ing " a catalogue of select books for home read- 
 ing;" "The home library," by J.Brander Matthews 
 (Appleton) ; and " The library manual," by J. 
 Herbert Slater, containing a % classified list of 
 works for the library. 
 
 There should also be added, as a work that 
 should have been named under the " Bibliog- 
 raphy of reading," Mr. G. W. Porter's " Hand- 
 list of bibliographies, classified catalogues, and 
 indexes" (British Museum, 1881). Also, Mr. H. 
 J. Carr's " Index to some recent reference 
 lists," Library Journal, Feb., 1883, v. 8, p. 
 27-32. Also the monthly index to the current 
 numbers of the leading American and English 
 journals, compiled, on the plan of Poole's " In- 
 dex," by a number of librarians, and edited by 
 W. I. Fletcher, in the Library Journal. 
 
Library Aids 
 
 Each member of the 
 
 AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION 
 
 will be supplied with a -copy of this book % 
 
 without charge, on application 
 
 to the Secretary. 
 
Houghton, Mifflin 6 Co. 
 
 Dictionaries and Works of Reference 
 for Public and Private Libraries. 
 
 HAND-BOOK OF UNIVERSAL LITERATURE. 
 
 By ANNE C. LYNCH BOTTA. i2mo, $2.50. 
 
 This volume embraces a general view of the literatures of all 
 nations which have contributed to the intellectual enrichment 
 of mankind. 
 
 DICTIONARY OF AMERICAN BIOGRAPHY, INCLUD- 
 ING MEN OF THE TIMES. 
 
 With a Supplement. By F. S. DRAKE. 8vo, cloth, $6.00; 
 sheep, $7.00; half calf or half morocco, $8.50; morocco, $12.00. 
 
 ARTISTS OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY AND 
 
 THEIR WORKS. 
 
 By CLARA E. CLEMENT and L. HUTTON. Two volumes, 
 crown Svo, $5.00; half calf, $9.00; tree-calf, $12.00. 
 
 AN ILLUSTRATED DICTIONARY OF WORDS USED 
 IN ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY. 
 
 Explaining terms used in Works on Architecture, Arms, 
 Bronzes, Christian Art, Color, Costume, Decoration, Devices, 
 Emblems, Heraldry, Lace, Personal Ornaments, Pottery, 
 Painting, Sculpture, etc., with their Derivations. By J. W. 
 MOLLETT. With about 750 illustrations. Square Svo, $5.00. 
 
 THE DICKENS DICTIONARY. 
 
 A Key to the Characters and Principal Incidents in the Works 
 of Charles Dickens. By GILBERT A. PIERCE. With Additions 
 by WILLIAM A. WHEELER. 12010, $2.00; half calf, $4.00. 
 
 BIBLE DICTIONARY. 
 
 By Dr. WILLIAM SMITH. American Edition. Revised and 
 edited by H. B. HACKETT, D.D., assisted by EZRA ABBOT, 
 LL.D. In four volumes, Svo. Price, in cloth, the set, $20.00; 
 sheep, $25.00; half morocco, $30.00; half calf, extra, $30.00; 
 half Russia, $35.00; full morocco, gilt, $40.00; tree-calf, $45.00. 
 
 DICTIONARY OF THE NOTED NAMES OF FICTION. 
 By WILLIAM A. WHEELER. i2mo, $2.00; half calf, $4.00. 
 
 *** For sale by all Booksellers. Sent by mail, postpaid, on 
 receipt of price by the Publishers, 
 
 HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO., BOSTON. 
 
DESCRIPTIVE LIST 
 
 BIBLIOGRAPHICAL WORKS 
 
 PUBLISHED BY 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT, NEW YORK. 
 
 CONTENTS: 
 
 PAGE 
 
 American Catalogue J 9 
 
 American Educational Catalogue 7 
 
 Books for the Young 2 9 
 
 Books of all Time 28 
 
 Books of Fiction 2 
 
 Books of History 2 
 
 Books of Science.. 2 
 
 Books on Reading 2 
 
 Index to Periodicals 1 1 
 
 Index Medicus 25 
 
 Library Aids 2 
 
 Library Journal 8 
 
 Libraries and Readers 30 
 
 Libraries and Schools 31 
 
 Literary News 17 
 
 Monthly Reference Lists 13 
 
 Publishers' Trade-List Annual 23 
 
 Publishers 1 Weekly 3 
 
 %W For subscriptions and orders abroad, address Messrs. 
 Trlibner & Co., 57 Ludgate Hill, London, or Mr. K. F. Koehler, 
 Post-strasse, 16, Leipzig. 
 
In Preparation. 
 
 IN PREPARATION: 
 
 THE BOOKS OF HISTORY. 
 
 An annotated, classified catalogue of the most 
 trustworthy works (in the English language) for the 
 study of history and biography, and the history of 
 literature, art, and philosophy. By Charles Kendall 
 Adams, LL.D.. Professor of History' in the Uni- 
 versity of Michigan, author of "A Manual of His- 
 torical Literature" and "Democracy and Monarchy 
 in France." 
 
 THE BOOKS OF SCIENCE. 
 
 An annotated catalogue of the most trustworthy 
 works for the study chiefly of the physical and mathe- 
 matical sciences. By Wm. C. Lane, of Harvard 
 College Library. 
 
 THE BOOKS OF FICTION. 
 
 A representative list of the novels of the nineteenth 
 century, preceded by suggestive remarks on novels 
 and novel-reading, with blank pages for additions or 
 memoranda. By F. Leypoldt. New edition of the 
 " Reading Diary of Modern Fiction," brought down 
 to date, and enlarged by a brief history of early fiction 
 and notes on the more prominent novelists of to-day. 
 
 LIBRARY AIDS. 
 
 References to sources of information respecting the 
 establishment and conduct of libraries. New edition, 
 revised and brought down to January, 1883. By 
 Samuel S. Green, Librarian Free Public Library, 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 
 BOOKS ON READING. 
 
 A. chapter on Books and Articles on Reading. 
 Reprint from "Libraries and Readers," by W. E. 
 Foster. 
 
The Publishers Weekly. 
 
 The Publishers Weekly. 
 
 THE A M ERIC A N BOOK- TRA DE JO URNAL. 
 F. LEYPOLDT, EDITOR. 
 
 The PUBLISHERS' WEEKLY, established in 1872, 
 with which was incorporated the American Literary 
 Gazette and Publishers' Circular (established in 1852), 
 by purchase from Mr. George W. Childs, is recognized 
 as the independent representative of the publishing 
 and bookselling interests in the United States. 
 
 The central feature of the paper, that makes it an 
 indispensable aid to the trade, to libraries, and to 
 literary people, is its Bibliographical Department, 
 Every possible facility of reference is afforded by a 
 combination of methods which records the books, bv 
 the week, the month, the season, and the year, unde; 
 the author, the publisher, the title, the subject, and 
 the class. It is acknowledged that no other journal, 
 at home or abroad, supplies as practical and satisfac- 
 tory a record of the publications of its country. 
 
 The bibliographical department includes : 
 
 1. A " Weekly Record" of all new American publications and 
 reprints, giving their full titles (according to the rules of Ameri- 
 can Library Association), with place and date of publication, 
 publisher's name, size, number of pages, and price ; and also 
 descriptive notes of books received. This first and practically 
 the official record is arranged alphabetically by the authors or 
 titles^ and for ready reference is placed in the same accessible 
 position in each number. 
 
 2. A weekly " Order List" being brief-title entries, with 
 prices, of the " Weekly Record," arranged alphabetically by 
 the Publishers. The object of this list is to present at a gl?nce 
 the simultaneous issues of certain publishers, and to save time 
 in the making up of orders. 
 
The Publishers Weekly. 
 
 3. A monthly " Index to the Weekly Record" being short- 
 title entries, with the publisher's name and the size and price, 
 arranged alphabetically by the authors, with references from 
 the titles or catchwords, and from the subjects. With each 
 entry is given also the number of the " Weekly Record " con- 
 taining the full-title entry and note. 
 
 4. A monthly " Class Synopsis" grouping the works of the 
 month under such heads as Biography, Description, Education, 
 Fiction, Fine Arts, History, Law, Literature, Medical Science, 
 Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Poetry and the Drama, 
 Political and Social Science, Theology and Religion, etc. 
 
 5. A semi-annual classified list of Forthcoming Publications^ 
 given in the Spring and Fall Announcement numbers, in which 
 also the announced books are more fully described under the 
 name of the publishers, arranged alphabetically. 
 
 6. An annual Index to the books of the year, advertised by 
 the more prominent publishers in the so-called Annual Sum- 
 mary Number, which generally is published in the last week 
 of January. In this number is also given a classified summary 
 of the more prominent publications of the year. 
 
 7. Regular Lists of the Season, published as follows : A com- 
 plete priced catalogue of Educational Books, in July ; a priced 
 list of the Holiday Books and prominent Juvenile Books of the 
 year, in November; a supplementary list of new Educational 
 Books, in February ; a list of Guide and Summer Books, in 
 May. 
 
 8. Quarterly lists of the Publications of the U. S. Government. 
 
 9. Semi-monthly lists of the more prominent Neiu English 
 Books. 
 
 10. Special Bibliographies. The timely bibliography, now 
 in course of publication, is " Literary Property : a catalogue of 
 books and authors relating to literary property (copyright, 
 international copyright, and kindred subjects), by Thorvald 
 Sol berg. 
 
 The Literary Department includes comprehensive 
 intelligence as to books forthcoming and publishing 
 movements, at home and abroad, gathered with the 
 aid of representatives in other cities; editorial discus- 
 sions on book and trade subjects, as copyright, postal 
 questions, book production and manufacture, etc. ; 
 original contributions and representative extracts on 
 like topics; topical "cues" or references to biblio- 
 graphical sources or courses of reading and study; 
 journalistic notes; business notes; literary and trade 
 notes, etc. etc. 
 
The Publishers' ll'ceklv. 
 
 The -Advertising Department is by no means a sub- 
 ordinate feature in a journal chiefly devoted to books. 
 In the PUBLISHER'S WEEKLY, indeed, it is so repre- 
 sentative of the publishing enterprises of the day 
 that it becomes an essential supplement to the other 
 departments. 
 
 A minor but practical and convenient feature is the 
 " Books Wanted" column, giving subscribers the 
 privilege of a free insertion of five lines in each 
 issue. 
 
 Terms, $3.20 per year, 10 cents per number. Sam- 
 ple copies furnished on application. Address 
 F. LEYPOLDT, Publisher, 
 
 31 AND 32 PARK Row, NEW YORK. 
 
 Your paper is now a real benefit to the public and the book 
 trade. S. C. GRIGGS & Co., Publishers^ Chicago. 
 
 The Weekly is the most useful of any of the literary bulle- 
 HRS that I have ever had, and I think I have tried them all. 
 CHAS. E. HAMMET, Jr., Newport, R. I. 
 
 We cannot help again commending the Publishers Weekly, 
 from which we cull many items, as the best periodical of its 
 kind in America. It is very ably conducted. Boston Traveller. 
 
 The Publishers 1 Weekly and Library Journal I frequently 
 quote in the Journal Officiel, on matters concerning the book- 
 trade and libraries. G. DEPPING, Librarian of St. Genevieve, 
 and Editor of the Journal OJficiel, Paris. 
 
 We have always found the lists of "books published " in the 
 Publishers' 1 Weekly reliable, and we take this opportunity of 
 acknowledging our indebtedness to Mr. F. Leypoldt's* labors. 
 Trubner's Literary Record. 
 
 The careful cataloguing and excellent descriptive notes in the 
 New York Publishers' Weekly are good examples of what book 
 committees are glad to have before them. H. R. TEDDKR, 
 F.S.A., and E. C. THOMAS, B.A., in the Encyclopedia Bri- 
 tannica, vol. xiv. (1882). 
 
 We wish to compliment you on the completeness of your 
 paper. It is becoming more and more valuable, and we are 
 pleased to find that the booksellers of the smaller cities are being 
 heard from. LORING, SHORT & HARMON, Portland* Me. 
 
The Publishers Weekly. 
 
 I fully appreciate the value of your excellent Weekly, as well 
 as your own personal services and sacrifices in the interest of 
 the trade. We have all much to thank you for. You richly 
 merit the united and constant support of the trade in every 
 section of the country. ROBERT CLARKE, Cincinnati. 
 
 " Has risen to be the indispensable journal of the American 
 book-trade. I can from my own experience recommend this 
 journal, edited with practical knowledge and ability, to those 
 wishing to keep posted on subjects pertaining to bibliography, 
 bibliopoly, and literature in America. Dr. JULIUS PETZHOLDT, 
 Editor of the Neuer A nzeiger fur Bibliographic und Biblio- 
 thekw isse nsch aft. 
 
 The Publishers' Weekly is primarily, as its name indicates, 
 a journal for the publishing and bookselling trade, and it aims 
 to give all the information concerning books and literature 
 generally which is of interest to every person engaged in any 
 capacity in the preparation and distribution of books. In that 
 respect it is probably the most .thorough trade journal published 
 in any country. Whilst the Publistiers' Weekly is intended 
 primarily for those who make and sell books, it is no less useful 
 for book-buyers, and it is as interesting to those who wish to 
 know something about the course of current literature although 
 unable to invest in books except the most modest way. Cleve- 
 land Herald. 
 
 THE CHRISTMAS NUMBER. 
 
 We beg you to accept our congratulations upon the appear- 
 ance of the number [1880]. HARPER & BROTHERS. 
 
 The typographical excellence of this number is worthy of 
 all praise. The fullest justice is done to many beautiful illus- 
 trations given; and we should imagine that publishers would 
 find it difficult to find a better medium for making their works 
 known. Paper and Printing Trades Journal (London). 
 
 The Inter-Ocean again calls attention to the handsome and 
 useful Christmas number of the Publisher s Weekly. Its ad- 
 vertising pages are. adorned with the handsome illustrations of 
 the holiday publications, and is of value as a useful record of 
 works of the year and for its artistic be;<uty. No periodical 
 fills its place % more admirably than the Publishers Weekly, 
 edited by Mr. T\ Leypoldt. Chicago Inter-Ocean. 
 
 One of the most tasteful and attractive catalogues which 
 has yet been published, surpassing even the achievements of 
 the English in the same line. It [issue of 1880] contains 170 
 pages of announcements, the most of which are accompanied 
 by beautifully printed wood-cuts, which illustrate also the 
 range and excellence of the art in this country. The number 
 invites to repeated examination, through the elegance of its 
 arrangements. N. Y. Tribune. 
 
The American Educational Catalogue. 7 
 
 THE AMERICAN 
 
 EDUCATIONAL CATALOGUE. 
 
 COMPILED BY G. D. T. ROUSE. 
 
 The Educational Catalogue, established in 1870, is 
 published annually in the Educational Number of the 
 Publishers' Weekly, and subsequently in the Pub- 
 lishers' "Trade-List Annual." It includes a price-list 
 of all the text-books in use in the United States, ar- 
 ranged alphabetically by author's or editor's name, 
 and a detailed subject-index, referring from each 
 specific subject to authors of books on that subject, 
 so that the advantages of both a finding list for the 
 trade and a class catalogue for the use of schools are 
 combined. Price, separately, 25 cents. 
 F. LEYPOLDT, Publisher, 
 
 31 and 32 PARK Row, NEW YORK. 
 
 The Educational Number of the Publishers" Weekly (1878) 
 deserves more than a mere passing notice. Besides the usual 
 array of book-advertisements, reviews, announcements, and 
 literary notes, it contains a well-digested catalogue of educa- 
 tional works, arranged under their respective subjects, with 
 the prices and publishers' names attached. An idea of the com- 
 pleteness and magnitude of this catalogue may be formed from 
 the facts that the topics in the subject-index number 170, and 
 that there are no less than 120 houses whose publications are 
 thus classified. The catalogue itself covers twenty-nine double- 
 column large octavo pages. The value of such a list for ready 
 reference can hardly be overestimated. The bookseller can 
 turn to it to find by whom a given book is published, and its 
 price ; the teacher or school-officer can see just what books are 
 within his reach on any particular branch ; and the miscellane- 
 ous book-collector has here every facility for making selections 
 for his library on any educational subject. All who are inter- 
 ested in school-books ought to preserve this catalogue as a 
 vade mecum. Christian Union. 
 
The Library Journal. 
 
 The Library Journal. 
 
 OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE AMERICAN 
 LIBRARY ASSOCIA TION. 
 
 GENERAL EDITOR: CHARLES A. CUTTER, 
 
 Librarian^ Boston Athenceum. 
 
 THE LIBRARY JOURNAL was established in 1876 by 
 the co-operative efforts of the leading librarians on 
 both sides of the Atlantic. Its chief object is to be 
 a practical help to the every-day administration of 
 both large and small libraries, and to effect a saving 
 by enabling library work to be done in the best way, 
 at the lowest cost. The Journal especially meets the 
 needs of the smaller libraries, offering them the 
 costly experience and practical advice of the largest. 
 In refraining from doing imperfectly what is done so 
 well by the several journals specially devoted to anti- 
 quarian or purely historical interests, the LIBRARY 
 JOURNAL is enabled to give its chief attention to 
 modern bibliography and current literature, as repre- 
 sented particularly in its departments of "Bibliog- 
 raphy" (proper), "Library Economy and History/' 
 "Anonyms and Pseudonyms," and the "Library 
 Purchase-List." 
 
 Two important new features, that will render the 
 LIBRARY JOURNAL more generally useful, have been 
 introduced during 1883: 
 
 1. A monthly index to the current numbers of 
 leading American and English periodicals, compiled, 
 on the co-operative plan of Poole's " Index," by a 
 number of librarians, and edited by William I. 
 Fletcher, the associate editor of Poole's " Index." 
 
 2. A department of " Literature for the Young," 
 consisting of a list of new books suitable for the 
 
The Library Joitrnal. 
 
 young, with citations of authorities, and of notes and 
 suggestions, from various sources, on reading and 
 the best use of books. This department is edited by 
 MissC. M. Hevvins, Librarian of the Hartford Library 
 Association, and author of " Books for the Young," 
 well known among libraians as one of the most 
 efficient workers in this special field of literature. 
 
 The LIBRARY JOURNAL and the Monthly Notes of the Library 
 Association of the United Kingdom (established in 1880) are 
 the only periodical publications in the English language that 
 are devoted exclusively to library interests. Although the ex- 
 ponents of the library experience of two countries, both jour- 
 nals are in so small a measure limited to national or local in- 
 terests, and their general library and bibliographical informa- 
 tion is so predominant, that both Journals should be in the 
 hands of every English-speaking librarian, as inseparable com- 
 panions. 
 
 Published monthly. Price of subscription, $4 per 
 annum. Sample copies furnished on application. 
 Address 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT, Publisher, 
 
 31 AND 32 PARK Row, NEW YORK. 
 
 This excellent journal increases in interest as it proceeds. 
 Antiquary (London). 
 
 The Journal meets my highest expectations as an organ for 
 libraries and librarians. R. A. GriHd, Librarian Brown Uni- 
 versity. 
 
 The American Library Journal should take its place upon 
 the desk of every librarian and every collector of books, to 
 whom it will furnish more than one useful help. Journal des 
 Debats (Paris). 
 
 Would save money and time wherever libraries are begun. 
 The whole science of handling books to the end of their best 
 popular use is expounded in its pages with the knowledge 
 which comes by experience. Literary IVorld (Boston). 
 
 I consider the Journal one of the most valuable aids to 
 librarians ever undertaken. I do not see how a librarian can 
 venture to undertake his responsibilities without it. Every 
 library, whether public or private, that spends $200 annually on 
 its administration cannot pay out $5 with more advantage to 
 itself than by taking the Journal John Eaton* Commissioner 
 of Education. 
 
IO The Library Journal. 
 
 The larger libraries, of course, all subscribe for the Library 
 Journal. I cannot see how any small library can do without it. 
 1 am receiving- a dozen letters a week from small, libraries ask- 
 ing me questions which have been answered fully in \heLibrary 
 Journal. My custom is to answer briefly, and refer the inquirers 
 to the Journal, advising them to subscribe for it forthwith. 
 IV. F. Poole, Chicago Public Library. 
 
 I regard the Library Journal as one of the most important 
 and indispensable aids to all who are connected with the man- 
 agement of libraries in any way. True economy of methods, 
 time, and money may be here learned by the young librarian. 
 The practical suggestions and information embodied in a single 
 number are frequently worth ten times the year's subscription. 
 A.R. Spofford, Librarian of Congress. 
 
 The Library Journal is exactly the professional manual 
 which will save money to the supporters of libraries, and labor 
 and error to the librarian and his staff, and which will therefore 
 directly increase the amount and usefulness of reading to be 
 afforded to the public. It ought to pertain to every library just 
 as books ought, or the salary of the staff. F. B. Perkins, Li- 
 brarian Mercantile Library, San Francisco. 
 
 Aims at supplying that want of a means of mutual com- 
 munication, suggestion, and discussion which intelligent and 
 active librarians have long felt. There is no reason why the 
 Journal should not be as much read on this as on the other 
 side of the Atlantic. To every librarian who wishes to bring 
 his library to the most perfect method and highest degree of 
 usefulness, it bids fair to be invaluable. Academy (London). 
 
 Its value to smaller libraries is simply incalculable. Limited 
 funds, want of trained assistance, inaccessibility of the best in- 
 formation, either in bibliography or in practical administration, 
 lack of direct counsel from experienced co-laborers these are 
 all reasons why the smaller libraries should come forward, with- 
 out exception, to the support of a journal which places the latest 
 results of the combined wisdom of the best libraries at their 
 command. Thomas Vickers, Cincinnati Public Library. 
 
 It seems to me that 'no library can afford to do without a 
 journal which contains so much that is suggestive and valuable. 
 Apart from the literary information imparted, the practical 
 hints in the direction of economy to be found in its columns 
 should be worth more, particularly to the numerous smaller 
 libraries of the country, than the subscription-price. A single 
 suggestion may save three times five dollars, as happened re- 
 cently within my own experience. Self-interest, if no other 
 motive, should induce every young library to subscribe to a 
 journal so worthy of support. S. B. Noyes, Librarian Brooklyn 
 Mercantile Library. 
 
Library Journal. il 
 
 Index to Periodicals . 
 
 CO-OPERATIVE INDEX .TO CURRENT* NUMBERS 
 
 OF LEADING PERIODICALS. 
 
 Edited by W. I. FLETCHER. 
 \Supplementtothe Library Journal. Seepage 8.] 
 
 The suggestions for the co-operative indexing of 
 current periodicals, submitted by Mr. Poole and Mr, 
 Fletcher, and also by Mr. Stetson, in the January 
 number (1883) of the Library Journal, have met with 
 such prompt action on the part of interested li- 
 brarians that Mr. Stetson's monthly plan has already 
 gone into operation, and in such a manner as to pre- 
 pare the way for Mr. Poole's annual and quinquennial 
 continuations. It may be safely announced that 
 both plans will be thoroughly tested. It has been 
 decided that during 1883, as an experiment, the refe- 
 rences shall be printed in the Library Journal. The 
 first instalment begins in the April number. 
 
 The following periodicals have thus far found in 
 dexers for the year 1883: . 
 
 Academy. Longman s Magazine. 
 
 A ntiquary. Macmillan's Magazine. 
 
 Athenceum. Magazine of Amer. History. 
 
 A tla ntic Month ly . Nation . 
 
 Bibliographer. Nature. 
 
 Blackwood. New Rngland Register. 
 
 British Quarterly . New Engtander. 
 
 Catholic World. ' Nineteenth Century. 
 
 Century. North American Review. 
 
 Chambers" s Journal. Overland. 
 
 Contemporary Review. Popular Science Monthly. 
 
 Corn/till. Portfolio. 
 
 Dublin Review. Princeton Review. 
 
 Edinburgh Review. Quarterly Review. 
 
 Fortnightly Review. Science. 
 
 Harper* s Magazine. Scottish Review. 
 
 International Review. Temple Bar. 
 
 Knowledge. United Service Magazine. 
 
 Library Journal. I 'an Nostrand's Eclectic En- 
 
 Lippincotfs Magazine. gineer ing Magazine. 
 
 L iving .{ i,'<?. // 'estminster Review. 
 
 Fifteen more joitrn.t'.s will be added in July. 
 
Library Journal, 
 
 <v As a supplement to the last edition of Poole this volunteer 
 work is of the highest value." Good Literature. 
 
 " Bookbuyers and students everywhere ought to subscribe to 
 the Journal, if only for the sake of this new feature." Nation. 
 
 " The Library Journal is the official organ of the American 
 , Library Association. It is an exceedingly well-printed paper, 
 and it is engaged in the promotion of several excellent enter- 
 prises which will commend it greatly to the book-loving public. 
 For instance, just now the Journal is endeavoring to procure 
 the indexing of the current number of the different periodicals 
 by distributing the work among the librarians and others who 
 are willing to give their time and labor to a really good cause. 
 There are few readers who are worthy to be called such who 
 will not at once recognize the importance of this enterprise, and 
 if all who do recognize its importance will give it a cordial en- 
 couragement, the scheme of co-operative indexing will before 
 long be in process of successful accomplishment." Phila. Tele- 
 graph. 
 
 "The real value of the Library Journal to the general stu- 
 dent appears with great force in the March-April number, 
 which contains the index of the previous year, with a wealth of 
 special references to subjects which touch study at many points 
 in pseudonyms, bibliographies, etc. When to this is added a 
 supplement containing the "Co-operative Index'' to current 
 periodicals for January, February, April and March, and for six 
 American monthlies, as well, the indispensable character of this 
 aid to the research of the student must be apparent to every 
 reader. It is safe to say that this supplement alone, if taken in 
 an ordinary family of growing boys and girls, would, in two or 
 three years, make the swarm of magazines which litter most 
 houses the most valuable portion of the domestic library in 
 training and education." Phila. Press. 
 
 "The popular magazines, by the pecuniary inducements 
 which they are able to offer to writers, are the vehicles through 
 which much of the best thought of the time reaches the public. 
 But no one is able to read all the periodicals that are published, 
 nor even the standard ones, and this index is the key to all their 
 treasures. To the literary vyorker its value can hardly be over- 
 estimated; to the specialist in any branch of science or letters it 
 is indispensable, since it places within his immediate reach 
 many of the latest fruits of labor in the same field; to every one 
 who desires to be well informed it furnishes the means of mak- 
 ing the most effective use of his time. The projectors and pub- 
 lishers of this index ought to receive the most cordial support. 
 Whether the index continues to be printed in the Library 
 Journal or not depends upon the pecuniary encouragement 
 which the publishers receive." Providence Press. 
 
Monthly Reference Lists. 
 
 A GUIDE FOR THE READER AND STUDENT 
 TO TRUSTWORTHY SOURCES OF INFOR- 
 MATION ON CURRENT TOPICS. 
 
 PREPARED BY 
 
 WILLIAM E. FOSTER, 
 Librarian Providence Public Library. 
 
 Terms, $i per year, 10 cents per number. Sample copies fur 
 nished on application. Address 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT, Publisher, 
 
 31 AND 32 PARK Row,- NEW YORK. 
 
 " The two volumes 1881-82, of the Providence Library's 
 Monthly Reference Lists, ... are a welcome addition to the 
 endless variety of indexes. They can be used in connection 
 with any good public or private library." The Nation^ Jan- 
 uary 18, 1883. 
 
 "Most thoroughly and carefully selected, embracing a wide 
 range, from the best German authorities to the latest articles in 
 current literature." New England Journal of Education, 
 April 21, 1881. 
 
 " Invaluable to editors and other persons desiring to consult 
 works of reference." Indianapolis Daily Journal. 
 
 " Any teacher with advanced pupils, desirous of training stu- 
 dents in habits of investigation, could scarcely do better than 
 supply these lists as texts for composition." Springfield Daily 
 Republican, April 22, 1881. 
 
 " . . . The most noticeable and perhaps the most valuable 
 feature of Mr. Foster's reference lists is the topical subdivision 
 of the main subject. For a student or teacher, the k structural 
 bibliography ' is much more]valuable and suggestive than a long 
 listof authorities, which, in some cases, would be hardly better 
 than a catalogue. For example, the subject of American 
 
14 Monthly Reference Lists. 
 
 * Local Self- Government ' is much better treated under the sub- 
 division of ' Origin, ' ' Tendencies, ' ' New England Towns, ' 
 4 Middle Colonies, 1 'Southern Colonies,' than under the main 
 head alone, for the structural method presents the subject from 
 different points of view, and yet as an organic whole. This 
 sttuctural method stands in the same relation to the generic 
 subject of study as that subject does to study in general. A 
 catalogue of mere names or a long bibliography of authorities 
 is often very discouraging to readers, but when attention is 
 called to a particular subject, to a special point of view, and 
 to an individual author, then a point has been made for the 
 encouragement of readers and of original research. The most 
 important function which any catalogue, bibliography, ref- 
 erence list, or consulting librarian can discharge, is to arrest 
 attention, to make mental points. Mr. Foster distinctly says 
 in his preface that his reference lists 'are intended as ivork- 
 ing-lists and not as bibliographies. 1 He does not aim at 
 being exhaustive, or exhausting, but as being suggestive. Mr. 
 Foster has well said in the Library Journal (7 : 86), the bibliog- 
 raphy ' aims at completeness for the sake of completeness ; 
 but the working-list is as complete as it serves its purpose to 
 be.' The purpose of Mr. Foster is manifestly that of a prac- 
 tical librarian, desiring to aid a reading public, and not that of a 
 scientific specialist, a mere antiquarian bibliomaniac, desiring 
 to collect or amass all existing authorities for the sake of hav- 
 ing them at his command. 
 
 " Scientific point in the description of books, monographs, 
 magazine articles is of more consequence to most readers than 
 bibliographical enumeration or catalogue completeness. A 
 reader does not want all books ; he wants the best, and more 
 especially one or tivo'sA. a time, with special reference to partic- 
 ular things that may be found within them. ... A good 
 librarian like Mr. Foster and many others in this country will 
 show the reader a subject-catalogue, a ready-reference-list, a 
 definite way of finding out special things through some partic- 
 ular book. ... A good method of ready reference is like a 
 bright, sharp needle in a skilful hand, deftly working some 
 fine or useful end ; a poor method is like hunting for a needle 
 in a haystack.' 1 HERBERT B. ADAMS, Johns Hopkins Univer- 
 sity, Baltimore, in the A''. E. Hist, and GeneaL Register, Jan., 
 
 CONTENTS OF VOL. III. (1883) -.January. 62. The Civil 
 Service. 63. Gambetta and the third republic. 64. John Green- 
 leaf Whittier. 65. An elective judiciary. February. 66. Indian 
 tribes in the United States. 67. Mr. Gladstone's career. 
 March. 68. Richard Wagner. 69. Georgia sesqui-centennial. 
 
Monthly Reference Lists. 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS, 1881. 
 
 JANUARY. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 1. The stability of the 
 
 French republic i 
 
 2. The Plantagenets in 
 
 England i, 3 
 
 3. The demand for the 
 
 cession of Dulcigno. . 3 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 4. George Eliot 5 
 
 5. George Washington... 5, 7 
 
 6. Webster and the con- 
 
 stitution 7 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 7. Thomas Carlyle 9 
 
 8. Alexander I. and nihil- 
 
 ism 9, ii 
 
 9. Hamilton's influence... ii 
 
 10. The sanity of Ham- 
 
 let... ii 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 11. Lord Beaconsfield 13 
 
 12. Free ships 15 
 
 13. Sheridan's "Rivals"... 15 
 
 MAY. 
 
 14. The dramas of Soph- 
 
 ocles 17, 19 
 
 15. Revision of the English 
 
 Bible 19 
 
 JUNE. 
 
 16. Abraham Lincoln 21, 23 
 
 17. The relation of Eras- 
 
 mus to his time 23 
 
 jg. Madame de Stael ...... 23 
 
 JULY. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Comets 55 
 
 Deep-sea phenomena. 25, 27 
 The French in Tunis.. 27 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 , Dean Stanley 29 
 
 , The centenary of Kant, 
 
 29,31 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 . The unification of Italy, 
 
 English discussion of 
 protection 35 
 
 Cardinal Richelieu's 
 career 35 
 
 The Spanish armada. 35 
 
 OCTOBER. 
 
 Yorktown 37, 39 
 
 Discoveries at Olympia 39 
 England in the eight- 
 eenth century 39 
 
 NOVEMBER. 
 
 , The French allies, 
 [1778-81] 41, 43 
 
 The English people 
 before the Norman 
 conquest 43 
 
 Memoranda on Othel- 
 lo, by actors 43 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 
 The proposed inter- 
 oceanic Canal 45, 47 
 
 Analysis of motive in 
 Macbeth 47 
 
Monthly Reference Lists. 
 
 TABLE OF CONTENTS, 1882. 
 
 JANUARY. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 36. ^Estheticism i 
 
 37. Florence 1,3 
 
 38. The Suez canal 3 
 
 FEBRUARY. 
 
 39. Henry Wadsworth Long- 
 
 fellow 5 
 
 40. The Roman catacombs, 5, 7 
 
 41. The Nibelungenlied. .. 7 
 
 MARCH. 
 
 42. The German empire. . . 9 
 
 43. Elements of unity in 
 
 Southeastern Europe. 9, n 
 
 APRIL. 
 
 .44. The Chinese in the 
 
 United States 13 
 
 45. The Venus of Melos. .. 13 
 
 46. Burke and the French 
 
 revolution 13 
 
 MAY. 
 
 47. Darwin and his scien- 
 tific influence 15, 17 
 
 4$. Emerson's philosophi- 
 cal position 17 
 
 JUNE. 
 
 49. The last years of the 
 
 Roman republic .... 19, 21 
 
 JUNE Continued. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 50. University education 
 
 in Germany 21 
 
 JULY. 
 
 51. Local self-government, 
 
 23, 25 
 
 52. European interests in 
 
 Egypt 25 
 
 AUGUST. 
 
 53. The national banks 27 
 
 54. Tendencies of local 
 
 self - government in 
 the United States. . .27, 29 
 
 SEPTEMBER. 
 
 55. Herbert Spencer 31, 33 
 
 56. Wordsworth's poetry. . 33 
 
 OCTOBER. 
 
 57. Daniel Webster, [1782- 
 
 1852] 35,37 
 
 58. The Gregorian calen- 
 
 dar 37 
 
 NOVEMBER. 
 
 59. Philadelphia [1682- 
 
 1882] 39, 41 
 
 DECEMBER. 
 
 60. Tariff legislation in the 
 
 United States, 43, 45, 47, 49 
 
 61. Transits of Venus. ... 49 
 
The Literary News. 
 
 THE 
 
 LITERARY NEWS. 
 
 AN ECLECTIC REVIEW OF CURRENT LITERATURE. 
 
 Published monthly, and containing the freshest news concern- 
 
 ing books and authors ; lists of new publications ; reviews 
 
 and critical comments; characteristic extracts; 
 
 sketches and anecdotes of authors; courses of 
 
 reading; bibliographical references ; promi- 
 
 nent topics of the magazines ; prize ques- 
 
 tions on choice books and other 
 
 literary subjects, etc. etc. 
 
 The Literary News, since its establishment under 
 the name of The Literary Bulletin, in 1868, has passed 
 through many transformations in appearance and 
 method before acquiring the distinctive features 
 which have given it a character of its own, and which 
 have become so familiar to thousands of readers. In 
 substance it has been the same since its inception 
 "a monthly record of current literature;" but while 
 primarily fulfilling its mission in the interests of the 
 book-trade, it has since the establishment of the 
 Publishers' Weekly, which now so thoroughly covers 
 that ground, aimed more directly to meet the wants 
 of readers and students. 
 
 Its plan is to present each month a full survey of 
 current literature, by means of brief reviews and 
 notices, sketches of authors, lists of books of the 
 month, etc. The reviews and book-notices are con- 
 fined to the best books of the day, and are quoted 
 only from recognized literary journals. Their selec- 
 tion is made with an aim not merely to guide by a 
 praise of books, but to awaken an interest in subjects 
 worth studying and authors worth knowing, by giving 
 what throws most light both on authors and books in 
 their relation to life and literature. The entertaining 
 
1 8 The Literary News. 
 
 elements are chiefly the Prize Questions, of which 
 two or three are given almost every month, and the 
 "Literary Miscellany." Of special interest to the 
 student are the "Cues," which give (i) references 
 to sources of reading on topics of the day; (2) a 
 classification of the magazine contents; (3) references 
 to the latest authority, as soon as recognized, on any 
 subject of general interest; (4) references to biblio- 
 graphies of subjects of general interest, to approved 
 reading-courses, and to anything written in the in- 
 terest of reading and study. 
 
 A complete index, by authors, titles, or subjects, 
 makes the annual volumes accessible for permanent 
 reference. 
 
 Terms, $i per year. Specimen copies sent on ap- 
 plication. Address 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT, Publisher, 
 
 31 and 32 PARK Row, NEW YORK. 
 
 A neat, conveniently arranged, and cheap miscellany of book- 
 news, which will be found well worth its cost to the book- 
 buyer, large or small. One of its best features is the giving of 
 helpful extracts, at considerable length, from prominent books, 
 and from the more important reviews of them. Sunday School 
 Times. 
 
 It is almost equally impossible for most persons to read all the 
 new books and publications, and the criticisms on them to be 
 found in the best journals and reviews. There is therefore 
 special value in the field occupied by the Literary News, a. 
 monthly which selects the most reliable and readable notices of' 
 the latest publications, and is consequently a very trustworthy 
 and interesting guide to current literature. TV. Y. Everting 
 Mail. 
 
 Continues to bring us the latest and best criticisms on new 
 books, prominent authors, and leading magazines. In addition 
 to the " Prize Questions" published in every number (which 
 alone render the periodical a prize in itself), a very valuable 
 feature of late issues has been the two pages devoted to kk Cues 
 to Timely Topics." In these we have a select grouping, by 
 titles, of magazine articles relating to the various topics of art, 
 education, science, sport, etc., besides other topics of timely 
 interest. Each number contains a rare literary melange a de- 
 light to all lovers of books Educational Weekly. 
 
The American Catalogue. 
 
 The American Catalogue, 
 
 COMPILED BY 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT AND LYNDS E. JONES. 
 VOL. I.: AUTHORS AND TITLES VOL. II.: SUBJECTS. 
 
 Price for the 2 vols., unbound ( folded) , $25; 
 half morocco, $29. 
 
 The American Catalogue aims to present, for the 
 first time, all the bibliographical features of the books 
 in the American market, arranged in the first volume 
 alphabetically by both authors and titles, and in the 
 second volume alphabetically by subjects. Over nine 
 hundred publishers are represented, among whom is 
 a great number of the smaller publishers and publica- 
 tion societies, of whose books it has hitherto been 
 almost impossible to keep track; and the two volumes 
 aggregate 1490 large quarto double-column pages, 
 containing over 125,000 entries. As it was impracti- 
 cable to bring the body of the work down to a later 
 date than July, 1876, without further delaying its ap- 
 pearance, an appendix has been added to the first 
 volume, containing the publications of most of the 
 leading houses issued subsequently to that date, and 
 an index to this appendix is given in each volume. 
 As a further aid, a list of bibliographies is prefixed to 
 the second volume to assist the student in prosecut- 
 ing his researches beyond the province of the Cata- 
 logue proper. These two lists serve to bridge over 
 the interval elapsing during the compilation and 
 publication of the work, and thus practically remedy 
 a defect inherent in all such publications. 
 
 The Catalogue thus forms the only approximately 
 complete guide in existence to the American books of 
 
The American Catalogue. 
 
 the day, so arranged as to make reference easy from 
 whatever direction the inquiry may come, whether 
 from that of the author, or the title, or the subject. 
 It not only furnishes the desired information about 
 any particular book of which the consulter is in 
 search, but shows what others there are by the same 
 author, or qn the same subject in which he is inter- 
 ested. To the bookseller, therefore, it is valuable 
 both in filling orders and in stimulating business; to 
 the librarian, in supplying gaps and proportioning 
 his collection; and to all who are practically con- 
 cerned with books, in furnishing information which 
 nowhere else is obtainable by so convenient a 
 method, if obtainable at all. 
 
 This work forms the foundation of American trade 
 bibliography, since supplementary volumes are 
 planned, the first to cover to 1885, if they are justified 
 by the return of the investment in the original work. 
 Of this only about 100 copies remain unsold (March, 
 1883), and the price of the unsubscribed copies will 
 presently be raised to $40 which is necessary to 
 cover the actual cost of this great work. It should 
 be remembered that the present price simply covers 
 the actual cost of compilation and publication, and is 
 relatively lower than that of the " English Cata- 
 logue," of which the first volume has long been 
 scarce and commands a high price. Collectors will 
 do well to secure copies of "The American Cata- 
 logue" while it is yet in the market, since it will not 
 and cannot be reprinted. 
 
 What Librarians say. 
 
 I must express my high sense of the extreme care and great 
 bibliographical skill. HENRY R. TEDDER, Sec'y U. K. Lib'y 
 Assoc. 
 
 Let me add my hearty acknowledgment of most signal in- 
 debtedness, as a librarian, for the American Catalogue. W. E. 
 FOSTER, Providence Public Library. 
 
 The volume which is to contain the subject-index will alone 
 
The American Catalogue. 
 
 be worth the price of subscription as a labor-saving hand-book 
 of reference to librarians, book-dealers, and book-buyers. A. R. 
 SPOFFORD, Library of Congress. 
 
 I consider it a monument of your skill, intelligence, taste, and 
 patience. I do not understand how any bookseller or library 
 can think it economy to try to get on without it.-*-JoHN ED- 
 MANDS, Mercantile Library, Philadelphia. 
 
 A magnificent (inagnifique) publication. We do not indulge 
 in such luxurious catalogues in France. ... I also wish to ex- 
 
 B'ess my congratulayons on the excellent editorial work. G. 
 EPPING, Librarian of St. Genevieve, and Editor of the Journal 
 Officiel, Paris. 
 
 What Booksellers say. 
 
 Your American Catalogue is very valuable, and we are thank- 
 ful that a man exists who has pluck and energy enough to carry 
 such a work through. ROBERTS BROS., Boston. 
 
 I feel very proud of the Catalogue, and have found it already 
 a source of. information in regard to books that my thirty-seven 
 years' experience did not anticipate. WM. H. YOUNG, Troy, 
 
 The Catalogue is a monument of patient, dry, uninviting 
 work. . . . There is scarcely a bookseller in the country who 
 would hesitate a moment to expend twenty-five dollars in ad- 
 vertising his stock ; ought he to hesitate a moment about an 
 expenditure, that would enable him to sell hundreds of dollars' 
 worth of books in a year? Such an investment would also pur- 
 chase for him a reputation among his customers for intelligence 
 and trade knowledge that would pay him him five times over. 
 A. D. F. RANDOLPH. 
 
 What the Press says. 
 
 Forms a unique and invaluable guicte to the current literature 
 in the American market. London Academy. 
 
 Within its appointed limits [it] is, without question, the most 
 perfect trade bibliography with which we are acquainted. 
 London Bookseller. 
 
 There is absolutely no one who has to do with books to whom 
 it is not indispensable. In libraries it will be especially useful, 
 particularly where as in so many cases there is no catalogue. 
 Examiner and Chronicle. 
 
 It is a truly magnificent piece of work from a typographical 
 point of view, and, looked at from the bibliographic side, ap- 
 pears to be done with the enlightened care that characterizes the 
 works of the projector. London Publishers' Circular. 
 
 It is not possible to speak too strongly of the value of the 
 work on first principles, of the general thoroughness and ac- 
 
The American Catalogue. 
 
 curacy with which it has been done, or of its typographical 
 beauty. Few fairer and more sumptuous books have been 
 issued from the American press. Literary World. 
 
 To booksellers, of course, it is indispensable ; but it is 
 almost equally needful to careful bookbuyers. It will take its 
 place at once as a most valuable assistant of the book-committee 
 in every library whose purchases extend beyond the merest 
 current literature, or where any attempt is made to fill up par- 
 ticular branches ; and it may even be found useful as a supple- 
 ment and corrective of the classed catalogue, or perhaps as a 
 substitute lor one in those unhappy libraries which are too poor 
 to have a guide of their own. Nation. 
 
 Scarcely any book of reference within our knowledge has 
 been prepared in answer to a more positive or more definite 
 need. The usefulness of such a bibliography as this scarcely 
 needs emphasis. Every man who reads books or cares for them 
 has constant need to search for precisely the sort of information 
 which is here given concerning them, and there is absolutely no 
 other place in which one can look for it with a fair hope of find- 
 ing it. The work is one which needed to be done, and it is done 
 here with great good sense, good judgment, and rare diligence. 
 N. Y. Evening Post. 
 
 In the convenient arrangement of the Catalogue, in the fidel 
 ity and thoroughness of its literary preparation, and in the rare 
 typographical good taste of its mechanical execution, a contri- 
 bution is presented to American bibliography of no common 
 practical value and which challenges the favorable attention of 
 booksellers, librarians, compilers of literary works, and readers 
 of books in general. . . . The plan of the work will at once 
 commend itself to the reader, the seller, and the fancier of 
 books, furnishing a trustworthy guide to a large portion of 
 American literature, an<4 presenting the student of bibliography 
 with a welcome aid. N. Y. Tribune. 
 
 A unique bibliography, compiled on an entirely new plan, in 
 which the finding of titles is made exceedingly easy the saving 
 of time seeming to Americans of first importance. Special pains 
 have been taken in identifying anonymous and pseudonymous 
 authors. The digest of the immense material shows extraor- 
 dinary labor. Corresponding to the price of the work is its 
 exquisite get-up ; in which respect it is approached among Con- 
 tinental bibliographies only by Lorenz's beautifal Catalogue de 
 la librairie francaise. Its typographical arrangement, clear- 
 cut type, excellent presswork, hard, white paper ail these 
 make the eye rest with pleasure on its pages. Libraries and 
 leading bookstores can scarcely do without it. Borsenblatt 
 fur den deutschen Buchhandel (Official Journal of the German 
 Book- trade). 
 
The Publishers Trade -List Annual. 23 
 
 THE PUBLISHERS' 
 
 TRADE-LIST ANNUAL 
 
 FOR 1882 (TENTH YEAR). 
 
 Large 8, 2248 pages. Price $1.50; post-paid, $2. 
 
 This volume is indispensable to any one that has 
 any interest in the purchase or sale of books. It 
 contains: 
 
 1. THE PUBLISHERS' TRADE-LISTS. These are the latest Cata- 
 logues of American publishers, arranged alphabetically by the 
 names of the publishers. 
 
 2. THE EDUCATIONAL CATALOGUE. This priced catalogue, 
 which is used by the entire trade and educational interest as the 
 most complete and reliable reference-list of school-books, is ar- 
 ranged on the " dictionary plan," combining a finding-list for 
 the trade and a subject catalogue for the use of schools. (See 
 Educational Catalogue on another page.) 
 
 3. ANNOTATED LIST OF THE BOOKS OF THE YEAR. A complete 
 reprint of the PUBLISHERS' WEEKLY ./#//////* Records (inclusive 
 of all the descriptive notes) from July 2, 1881, to June 30, 1882. 
 
 4. COMPLETE INDEX TO THE BOOKS OF THE YEAR. In order to 
 facilitate reference to the above list, it is accompanied by a full 
 index by which every book on record can be found, whether it 
 is looked for under author, title^ or subject. Numerous cross- 
 references are also added to facilitate the finding of books on 
 similar subjects. 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT, Publisher, 
 
 31 AND 32 PARK Row, NEW YORK. 
 
 Literally a book of books. Philadelphia Press. 
 
 A very useful and reliable assistant in our business. J. B. 
 -LipriNCOTT & Co., Philadelphia. 
 
 One of the most time-saving and profitable instrumentalities 
 used by the trade. AMERICAN NEWS Co., New York. 
 
 The most useful work for reference we have ever had for 
 general use in the trade. LEE & SHEPARD, Boston. 
 
 Not a day passes that we do not consult it many times. 
 A. D. F. RANDOLPH & Co., New York. 
 
24 The Publishers' 1 Trade- List Annual. 
 
 Portentously cheap ; and for libraries and book-dealers and 
 book-men generally, indispensably useful. Putnam's Library 
 Companion. 
 
 Is simply indispensable to every publisher, librarian, and 
 literary editor, as a book of reference, and in that capacity very- 
 useful to every person having much to do with literature. 
 Literary World. 
 
 'This huge volume gives one the most comprehensive views of 
 American literature, so far at least as titles and subjects go, that 
 can possibly be obtained. To indicate the uses it may serve or 
 give an idea of the. information that is contained between its 
 covers would be an impossible task within the limits of a para- 
 graph. For the book-trade, libraries, the editorial sanctum, and 
 literary people generally, it is invaluable, and the admirable 
 style in which it is brought out reflects the greatest credit both 
 upon the compiler and publisher. Christian Union. 
 
 Some idea of the present dimensions of the book-trade may 
 be obtained from the "Publishers' Trade-List Annual" for 
 1882, which is made up of over two thousand pages of pub- 
 lishers' catalogues. Tne preparation of the "Annual" is the 
 work of Mr. F. Leypoldt, of New York, who publishes it, 
 and who puts intelligence and enthusiasm into all his tasks of 
 this character. A valuable feature of the " Annual," new in 
 this number, is the inclusion of the " Record of New Books," 
 as published from week to week in the Publishers' 1 Weekly. 
 Boston Journal. 
 
 The tenth " Publishers' Trade-List Annual" has an improve- 
 ment which will be appreciated by every one who has occasion 
 to consult this collection of publishers' catalogues. In place of 
 the so-called reference-list of books recorded during the year 
 in the Publishers' Weekly, the monthly record from July to 
 July is given with the appended notes, which are always a use- 
 ful guide to the character of the works on which they are be- 
 stowed. The loss of convenience in having the whote series 
 under one alphabet as hitherto is fully compensated b) a sub- 
 ject- and author-index. Nation. 
 
 It has often been said in these columns that few people know 
 how to buy books, and from time to time we have given hints 
 as to the best way of acquiring this art. To those hints we now 
 add this : Keep constantly by you the latest edition of " Whit- 
 aker's Catalogue" and the "Trade-List Annual." They will 
 pay for themselves from the money they will help you save in a 
 single month, and you will seldom turn to them without finding 
 just the information that you want. You will thus be able to 
 buy intelligently and not in the haphazard fashion which is 
 common even among old book-buyers. Examiner. 
 
index Me die us. 25 
 
 INDEX MEDICUS. 
 
 A MONTH L Y CLASSIFIED RECORD OF THE 
 
 CURRENT MEDICAL LITERA TURE 
 
 OF THE WORLD. 
 
 COMPILED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF 
 
 DR. JOHN S. BILLINGS, SURG., U.S.A., AND DR. 
 ROBERT FLETCHER, M.R.C.S., ENGLAND. 
 
 The INDEX MEDICUS, established in 1879, records 
 the titles of all new publications in Medicine, Surgery, 
 and the collateral branches, received during the pre- 
 ceding month. These are classed under subject- 
 headings and followed by the titles of valuable origi- 
 nal articles upon the same subject, found, during the 
 like period, in medical journals and transactions of 
 medical societies. The periodicals thus indexed 
 comprise all current medical journals and transac 
 tions of value, so far as they can be obtained. 
 
 The INDEX MEDICUS is published monthly, at $6 
 per annum, and supplements all the leading medical 
 journals (American and foreign) as a^current guide 
 and general index to all. Sample copies sent free on 
 application. 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT, Publisher, 
 
 31 AND 32 PARK Row, NEW YORK. 
 
 A marvel of accuracy and completeness. Lancet (London). 
 
 Truly a chef-d'oeuvre of medical bibliography and unique of 
 its kind. Journal d"" Hygiene (Paris). 
 
 Truly a herculean work. Broivn-Sequard (Comptes rendus 
 des seances et mem. de la Soc. de Biologie). 
 
26 Index Medicus. 
 
 We have no hesitation in saying that this journal is the most 
 valuable contribution to medical science of the present century. 
 Glasgow Sanitary Journal. 
 
 No author or writer can, without great loss of time, dispense 
 with the aid of this useful monthly. Deutsches Archiv fiir . 
 Geschichte der Medizin (Leipsic). 
 
 If I could have had it when I commenced the study and prac- 
 tice of medicine it would have saved me several years of labor, 
 and have added so much to my life. Frank H. Hamilton. 
 
 An index of inestimable value. . . . We tender our best 
 thanks to the editors and the enterprising publisher for opening 
 up so valuable a literary mine. Medical Press and Circular 
 (London) 
 
 We do not see how any one can afford to be without this 
 journal. It is a necessity, not only to those who are teachers, 
 but to the busy practitioner everywhere. The Medical Record 
 (New York). 
 
 It is the result of great and continuous labor and research, and 
 supplies a very valuable and useful index to the current medi- 
 cal literature of all the departments of medicine. Med. Times 
 and Gazette (London). 
 
 We consider the u Index-Catalogue of the Surgeon-General's 
 Library," as well as the INDEX MEDICUS, absolutely indispens- 
 able to every person interested in medical literature. Gazette 
 Hebd. de Med. et de Chir. (Paris). 
 
 The amount of information to be derived from a mere peru- 
 sal of such a periodical can hardly be realized by one who is 
 not familiar with the refinements to which this business of 
 cataloguing has been carried. It is useful and interesting to 
 everybody, whether he be a *' bookworm" or not. Boston Medi- 
 cal and Surgical Journal. 
 
 The magnitude of the plan arouses our admiration. No medi- 
 cal opinion can now escape notice, no published analogous cases 
 be overlooked. Let us welcome the gigantic enterprise which, 
 in presenting a universal survey of medical study, must neces 
 sarily further the general progress of medical science. Cor- 
 resp.-Blatt f. Schiveizer Aerzte (Basel). 
 
 parea wua me INUKX IVIKDILUS, wnicu, ni bibliographical v-wm- 
 pleteness, has far surpassed both. What heretofore has been 
 presented by our German bibliographers as current medical 
 literature in toto embraced in reality only the principal pub- 
 
Index Mcdicus. 27 
 
 lications of France, Germany, and England. . . . The work is 
 indeed indispensable to every conscientious and truly scientific 
 writer in every branch of medicine. Med.-Chir. Centralblatt 
 (Vienna). 
 
 To trie literature of the profession the " Index" is an immense 
 necessity a necessity which has never before been met, so that 
 our medical force has been wasted, aad our medical literature 
 has been left weak and imperfect. Surely every prosperous 
 doctor can afford six dollars a year for the development of his 
 science, for the building up of the greatest charity in the world 
 the medical profession. . . . Let all physicians, who can, 
 subscribe ; let them see that their societies aid in the work; let 
 them insist that the public libraries of their respective towns 
 and cities take each a copy ; and the enterprise will move here- 
 after easily and steadily along the grooves of habitual prosper- 
 ity. Medical Times (Philadelphia). 
 
 Notwithstanding the completeness of such a work as the In- 
 dex-Catalogue (of the Library of the Surgeon-General's Office, 
 U.S.A.), it is quite evident that the weekly and monthly in- 
 crease of medical literature is constantly rendering it more and 
 more defective, so that, before many years are over, it would, to 
 a great extent, have lost the value which it now possesses, and 
 a new edition would be imperatively required. In order to 
 supplement this work, and to prevent the inconvenience which 
 would constantly increase as time went on. Dr. Billings, in con- 
 junction with Dr. Fletcher, has established a new periodical, 
 the INDEX MEDICUS. This gives the names of authors and the 
 titles of all new medical books under their appropriate subjects, 
 and also complete references to current periodical medical 
 literature. The labor involved in the preparation of such an 
 index as this is very great indeed, and the expense of'issuing it 
 is very considerable. To medical men whose time is fully oc- 
 cupied with practice, and who have neither inclination nor 
 leisure to \vrhe, the INDEX MEDICUS would be of no direct ser- 
 vice, and they might think it a waste of money to subscribe to 
 it. And yet such would not be the case, for the existence of 
 such an index enables those who have the time and inclination 
 to write to become fully acquainted with all the literature 
 bearing upon the subjects which they treat. The INDEX MEDI- 
 CUS therefore becomes, indirectly, of great benefit to those who 
 have time for reading only. It will be a calamity to the profes- 
 sion if this work be allowed to be discontinued for want of the 
 support which it deserves, and we therefore hope that not only 
 those to whom it will be of immediate use will subscribe to it, 
 but many others who will derive from it only the indirect ad- 
 vantage to which we have alluded. The Practitioner (Lon- 
 rton). 
 
Just Published. 
 
 JUST PUBLISHED : 
 
 BOOKS OF ALL TIME, 
 
 A GUIDE FOR THE PURCHASE OF BOOKS. 
 WITH A BRIEF PURCHASE-LIST REVISED FOR 
 
 SEASON 1882-83. 
 
 COMPILED BY 
 
 F. LEYPOLDT AND LYNDS E. JONES. 
 32mo. Price, in paper, 10 cents. 
 
 Consisting of a selection of the standard English 
 and American writers, giving the best or most popu- 
 lar editions, with their sizes and prices. To the 
 works of each writer are appended notes by the best 
 critical authorities of England and America, descrip- 
 tive of the author and his writings, pointing out their 
 characteristics, influences, excellences, etc. The 
 Catalogue thus forms a compact and novel manual 
 of classical English literature. 
 
 Those desirous of establishing a home library of the best 
 literature will find this an honest and practical little guide. 
 yV. Y. Tribune. 
 
 The product of much bibliographical experience, compactly 
 arranged, inexpensive, and, if used with a due admixture of 
 knowledge and discretion, may be found of practical con- 
 venience and benefit. Dial. 
 
 An admirable ^ittle compilation. Compared to the labor 
 and care expended upon the little manual, which is unique in 
 its way and wonderfully useful to the book-buyer, the price is 
 utterly insignificant. Phila. Press. 
 
 It is a guide for the purchase of standard authors the books 
 "no gentleman's library should be without." To each author's 
 name is appended a selection of criticisms of his works, a list of 
 which follows, accompanied by prices. No safer guide to the 
 best editions in the American market than this little catalogue 
 have we ever met; and of the authors selected there are but few 
 whose works are not "books for all time," as Mr. Ruskin has it. 
 Critic. 
 
 A capital little handbook. Under the name of each great 
 writer is a list of his best works, and this enumeration is fol- 
 lowed by extracts from the opinions of the greatest critics upon 
 the volumes which are named. The immense area from which 
 these fragments are taken makes them a treasure, and even to 
 an inveterate reader they will be suggestive of further explora- 
 tion. Publishers' 1 Circular (London,). 
 
Books for the Yoimg. 29 
 
 BOOKS FOR THE YOUNG. 
 
 A Guide for Parents and Children, compiled by C. 
 M. HEWINS, Librarian of Hartford Library As- 
 sociation. 32010. Price, in paper, 25 cents. 
 
 " Meets most admirably the demand for carefully selected lists, 
 and contains also valuable and interesting' counsel." W. E. 
 FOSTER. 
 
 " Contains an admirable selection of books for children, and by 
 far the best catalogue of books of this kind that has ever ap- 
 peared." S. S. GREEN. 
 
 " Miss C. M. Hewins, of Hartford, has long- been known to all 
 who are interested in making the public library the ally of the 
 
 Cublic schools, as one of the most successful of modern li- 
 rarians of the American school. ... A book which it is 
 difficult to praise too highly." Critic. 
 
 " Miss Hewins's classified list of suitable books for the young 
 deserves more extended praise than we have space for. It will 
 bring joy to the hearts of hundreds of parents, whose confidence 
 in the compiler's judgment will be assured by her prefatory re- 
 marks and directions, and her choice extracts from divers 
 authorities on the true aim and criterion of juvenile literature." 
 Nation. 
 
 ' k When Mr. Charles Dudley Warner says that ' the young 
 who read at all read nothing but trash,' he does not exaggerate 
 so very much. For them [the parents], as well as for librarians 
 and teachers, this book will serve an excellent purpose, for it is 
 far the best guide that has been printed, and there is nothing in 
 it that is not of excellent and interesting quality. It is one that 
 every parent should have who wishes his children to have good 
 intellectual culture, and not come under Mr. Warner's ban." 
 Boston Transcript. 
 
 "A little manual long needed, and one that will be heartily 
 welcomed by parents who recognize the importance of carefully 
 supervising their children's reading, but are often confused and 
 at a loss on account of the multitude of works for the young 
 now published, of every conceivable degree of merit and de- 
 merit. A classified list of good books is given, with indications 
 as to the age and sex to which they are best suited. The list is 
 prefaced by hints as to how children should be taught the right 
 use of books, a note on good reading; in English and American 
 history for children, and a " symposium" on children's books, 
 containing interesting extracts from many sources. Miss 
 Hewins has charge of the department ' Literature for the 
 Young' in the Library Journal, is librarian of the Hartford 
 Library Association, and may safely be accepted as an authority 
 and guide by parents and buyers of children's books." Good 
 Literature. 
 
3 Libraries and Readers. 
 
 LIBRARIES AND READERS. 
 
 Chapters of suggestion and counsel on the subject of 
 reading, the use of books and of libraries. By 
 WILLIAM E. FOSTER, Librarian of the Providence 
 Public Library, and compiler of the "Monthly 
 Reference Lists." i6mo, cloth, 50 cents. 
 
 Contents. Some Hints on Right Reading; Correction of Aim- 
 less Reading; The Specializing of Reading, for General Read- 
 ers; "Current Literature" and "Standard Literatnre"; 
 Securing the Interest of a Community; What may be Done 
 at Home; How to Use a Library; Books and Articles on Read- 
 ing. 
 
 " Full of good sense, begotten of zeal and experience. It 
 should be placed in every school library." Boston Advertiser. 
 
 " It is one of those little books the value of which is not to be 
 determined by their weight avoirdupois. It is full of valuable 
 suggestion and shrewd, wise counsel." Boston Common- 
 "wealth. 
 
 "Should be in the hands of everyone who wishes to make 
 reading a means of culture as well as of entertainment. Not a 
 few librarians can find in it suggestions which if followed will 
 greatly inure to the benefit of the public they serve." Good 
 Liter atttre. 
 
 " Mr. Foster's aim is to show how the aimless reader of the 
 ordinary public library, the man or woman who ' wants a book 7 
 but does not know what book, or even what sort of book, may 
 be led to take a lively interest in books and the library. Here 
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