EtxEier A 
 BHARY I 
 
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THESAURUS 
 
 xf- / 
 
 ENGLISH AND fflNDUSTAtfF*^/ 
 TECHNICAL TE 
 
 BUILDING AND OTHER USEFUL ARTS; 
 
 ANI> 
 
 SCIENTIFIC MANUAL 
 
 OF 
 
 WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE HIGHER BRANCHES 
 OF KNOWLEDGE; 
 
 OBTAINING UPWARDS OF FIVE THOUSAND WORDS NOT GENERALLY TO BE FOUND 
 LX THE ENGLISH AND URDU DICTTON ARIES. 
 
 " Indocti discant, et ament meminissc poriti." 
 
 CAPTAIN H. G. EAA T EETY, 
 
 SRD REOIMKNT, BOM HAY N.I. 
 
 HERTFORD: 
 
 STEPHEN AUSTIN, ORIENTAL PRINTER AND PUBLISHER. 
 
 NVILLTAMS AM) NOU<;ATK, LONDON, HDlXlll 11<;1J, AND LETPSIC. 
 MDCCCLIX. 
 
COW STACK 
 
 STEPHEN ATJSTIN, 
 
 
. 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 THE aim of the Author in the compilation of these 
 pages is to supply a want constantly felt with regard to 
 TECHNICAL TERMS, which, though of every-day use, one 
 is often puzzled to remember at the moment. 
 
 He therefore conceives that a book of portable size, 
 containing the technical names of materials and tools 
 connected with the Useful Arts, such as Bridge and 
 House Building, Carpentry, Painter's Work, Earthwork, 
 Eoads, Metals, Smiths' Work, etc., and of such other 
 words as have reference to every-day duties in the 
 Public Works Department, and in Civil and Military 
 Engineering to which the events of the last eighteen 
 months have naturally given a stimulus which is likely 
 to continue for a long time to come would be a deside- 
 ratum. To these have been added such other terms in 
 Science, and the higher branches of knowledge, as in 
 these days of railroads and electric telegraphs .seemed 
 imperatively called for. 
 
IV ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 The Work contains some five thousand words and 
 phrases not generally to be found in Urdu or Hindu- 
 stani Dictionaries, however bulky, but which are never- 
 theless commonly used all over India ; as well as terms 
 to be met with in the vernacular Scientific Treatises 
 chiefly translations from the Arabic, Persian, and Sans- 
 krit, in which the words in those languages have been 
 retained, there being no equivalents for them in Urdu 
 and in practical scientific works, which have been from 
 time to time translated from English, under the patronage, 
 or by the order, of the different Governments of India, and 
 which are now the text-books in all Government Colleges 
 and Public Schools. 
 
 This volume, therefore, can scarcely fail to be of prac- 
 tical utility to all Officers and Subordinates employed in 
 the Public Works Departments of the three Presidencies ; 
 to the numerous Staff of the different Eailway Companies, 
 their Contractors, Overseers, and other employes, whether 
 Knropean or Native ; and, indeed, in all cases where a 
 bulky and expensive Dictionary is undesirable. 
 
 The Author believes also that it will be found of im- 
 portant use, to the Eegimental Interpreter, who often 
 liable to bo puzzled (as is nut to be wondered at) for a 
 technical term should always have it at hand amongst 
 
A.DVERTISBM KNT. 
 
 his other books, when in attendance at courts-martial, or en- 
 gaged in the performance of similar duties; 1o the Student. 
 of Hindustani, and to Mfmshls engaged in teaching ; 
 in public Schools ; to persons employed in maritime pur- 
 suits and in river navigation ; and, in fact, to all to 
 whom the knowledge of the Hindustani dialect spoken 
 more or less, as the common parlance, from the Hima- 
 layas to Cape Comorin, and from the Indus to the 
 Irrawadi may be (and in truth is) a necessary acquire- 
 ment. 
 
 The Work is therefore published of a convenient size 
 for the pocket ; and considering the beauty of the typo- 
 graphy, which cannot be approached in India, or even in 
 Europe at a price extremely low, and which puts it 
 within the reach of all who may require its aid. 
 
 H. G. H. 
 
CONTEXTS. 
 
 PAGB 
 
 KEY a'o Tin; PRONUNCIATION vii 
 
 I. ARTI/ANS, TRADES-PEOPLE, WORKMEN, LABOURERS, ETC 1 
 
 II. BLACKSMITH'S, GOLDSMITH'S, AND METAL WORK IN GENERAL 
 
 III. BRICK AND TILK MAKING, WITH THE IMPLEMENTS AND MATERIALS ... 9 
 IV. HRICKWORK, MASONRY, BRIDGE BUILDING, WELL SINKING, AND 
 
 I'.nr.DIXG IN GENERAL, WITH THE TOOLS AM) MATERIALS 13 
 
 V. Urii,DiN<;s AND DWELLINGS OF VAUIOCS nr.srRirnoNs _>;> 
 
 VI.- CARPENTRY, JOINERY, TURNIV;, AViir.r.LvniiuiiT's WORK, MATERIALS 
 
 AND TOOLS 28 
 
 VII. KurrnuoRK, KMI; VNKMKNTS,, FORTIFICATION AND FIKI.P-V, OI;KS. ( ' \\ \ 
 
 IIOADS, I^ > .MI,\VA^^, MlNINC, ETC 'M 
 
 VIII. -METALS, I'lin-iors STOM . M>. v.TC -13 
 
 IX. ' I IN COMMON I'sr. li; 
 
 X. I'AIVII.K'S \MI (ii.A/n.R's WORK .10 
 
 XI. TlI.VK IIINC, WITH ITS Tools ANli M -Vj 
 
 Ml. TE< IINKM. Tl :UM> IN THE Al;l -VI 
 
 XIII. TBBEI \M> TIIIMR TIMHI :.. !'7 
 
 XIV. SIIIITINI.. BOATS, \Ni' lv']\i:i; NAVIGATION 
 
KKY To TIIK PRONUNCIATION. 
 
 A key is superfluous to those who have already studied the 
 Hindustan! dialect. ]ut to those wlio have not, it is indispensable, 
 
 The short vowels a. as in -Marine : /". as in pin ; and u, as in 
 bull. 
 
 The long vowels a, as \\\ father : 7, in unit-June ; and u, in rule. 
 The other vowels o, as in rose ; orv, as in /Vw; ; 0, as in ^r//. 01- 
 
 French le ; and /^ and y, as in English. 
 it. hy reverting tlie point of the toujrue to the palate, 
 x. as /// in th'tiKi, or lisped .<?. 
 y. as in ynd(je. 
 i-]i, as in r/ntrc/i. 
 //. sti-ongly aspirated. 
 ///, guttural, as c.h in Scotch loclt. 
 
 </fl, hy applying tin- top of the tongue, inverted, to the palate. 
 /r, by striking the point ..{'the tongue on the palate. 
 jz, as x in itleittiire. or soft French j/. 
 shj as in .<?//^//. 
 
 is .s.s in dissolve, guttural. 
 
 s (I ird. or guttural 
 /. as English /. slightly aspirnted. 
 Z, as Knglish .:. slightly aspirnted. 
 
 aa the dipthong ,r. or guttural a. 
 
Vlll KEY TO THE PBONUNCIATION. 
 
 k, guttural with something ni'iho sound of*/. 
 /', as in ki.jiy. 
 
 //. slightly aspirated. 
 
 Tlio remaining letters have precisely tlic smiio powers as in 
 English words. 
 
 *** Care must bo taken not to give the long sound when it 
 should be short, and vice rcrsa, as the word will be unintelligible 
 if this caution is neglected. 
 
THESAURUS 
 
 OF 
 
 ENGLISH AND HINDUSTANI 
 
 TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 L-ARTIZANS, TRADES-PEOPLE, WORKMEN, ETC, 
 
 Appraiser, attkal-baz jb 
 
 Apprentice, shagird 
 
 Architect, kamattl ^yUlf, micemar ^ 
 
 Armourer, ahan-gar j* ^T," Baikal-gar j JJL*a 
 
 Artificer in general, an } peshah-ivar ^^J^j , karlgar i 
 
 Artizan, * kasb-~ 
 
 (superior workman), mistrl 
 
 Bamboo- splitter, or worker in bamboo, baiis-phorr j^ 
 
 13anker, sahukar ^ 
 
 Bargeman, boatman, kishtl-wan ^ ^j^, kishtl-ban ^b 
 Basket-maker, or J bed-bdf uJ'o A-J 
 
 Rattan-worker, ' burrurr v jy> 
 
 Belt-man, peon, chaprasl, patd-nald *i\j lx>, chaprdsl <^j^>- 
 
 Betel-leaf seller, tamoll 
 
^ THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TKU.MS. 
 
 Blacksmith, smith, dhan-gar ^oj*>7 ', loh-ar j& J 
 
 Boatman, bargeman, berrl-ndld]\j c$J*J, kishtl-wan ^ ^J5J* 
 
 Bookbinder, jild-gar j* JLLs>- 
 
 Bookseller, sahdf cJUs* 5 , kitdb-farosk \J*jj* ^\& 
 
 Brazier (founder), dealer ) ^ ., , , 
 
 tamatt-gar .$ e^*u, kasera 
 in brass, etc., > 
 
 (tinker), tthatthera 
 
 Bricklayer, kamattl ^yUlf, rdzj\j, rdj -\j 
 
 Brick-maker, kum-har . l^ ,' M^I^ ^-j^ jj u^Ari. 
 
 Broker, 5a//a/ Jl' j 
 
 Builder, kamattl ,J!l\, miamdr\+x* 
 
 Butcher, kassab c-jL:-, A^ ? sa'7 ^L: 
 
 Carder of cotton, bchinnd lx^-J 
 Carpenter, joiner, ^o;r jla^, sw^ar j^, barrhal *j^ 
 
 ( mistrl .cp^u^, darucl-qar pjib 
 
 Cart-man, -^ ...^ 7 _^ -r ...^ 
 
 I (/arri-wan ^uj ^Vo, c/arri-ban ^UjJlS 
 
 Cart or wheel- wright, barrhal ^JJ^JJ 
 
 Chandler (corn), grocer, bakkdl JUu, baniy'd Go 
 Chajn'risi, belt-man, pata-wala ty Isj, dujn-ri^ .^\^^. 
 
 Clerk, writer, fto^fl^U, Ardnf ^J^ 
 
 Clock or watch-maker, a^ jL L^-xcL 
 
 Cloth merchant, Ixizdz fy 
 
 Coffin-maker, undertaker, tabtit-gar J* <^>ji\3 
 
 Comber of cotton (see Cimler). l>chuinn. L^o 
 
 Cook, I'd/'-nrrll 
 Cooper, 
 Corn dealer, _ 
 
 ( k'ts/tt-hlr jlGjL^, ! 
 Cultivator, husbandman, 
 
 riirri'T (tanner), ) 7 
 
 cham&r , 
 
 
 
 Cutler, 
 
\IJTIX.\NS. TRADE8-PEOPLB, KT< . 
 
 A dealer lallixed lo words), faros], U ^J, dftk&ttrd&r j\A 
 
 Ij^eiieraD. a huckster. retailer. l&ifrdahrfarosh ^r/ ** 
 Dealer in brass and mixed metals. /v/.svm 
 
 Diver. burriyci b'v 
 
 hrapcr, a mercer. bazdz 
 
 Dniii-.Li-isi, aaettar jbs., pansarl 
 
 Dyer. rang-ara \j&j, rang-rez > 
 
 Kn^'ineer (civil), mi&mtir 
 
 Engraver, kcdam-kar j& Jj, kandah-kdrj^ *jc 
 
 l^xcavator, bel-ddr 
 
 Kan-ier, salastrl ^.c^JL, salotrl 
 
 Foreman, pesh-wa lyLo, mukaddam 
 
 Founder (brazier), tamatt-gar ^fcU^lj, kaserci \j 
 
 Furhisher, armourer, Baikal-gar jf 
 
 Gang of workmen, madad 
 
 ^ardene]'. bagh-ban ^b ib, ?M-/ 
 
 Gilder, Jtoft-gar j*. e^o^, tila-kar 
 
 ({lazier, alnah-wala ^ ajjj, Mnch-wala *$ 
 
 Goldsmith or silversmith, zar-gar ^\ , sunar 
 
 ( I razier (cowherd), dkangar &&, r/tf/r/ffl.ha 
 
 Grinder (of swords, etc.), barr-ya bjfb 
 
 Grocer, bakkdl Jlw, baniya (~j 
 
 Groom, ghora-wala ^ J; 
 
 Harness-maker, saddler, or shoemaker, 
 
 Hiisl-andman, 
 
 kunbi 
 
 Innkeeper, or cook at a public serfi'e, 
 
 Jeweller, 
 
 Joiner, ////x//-7 ^c^-*. mijar j\=^, sutfi.r ^L*., barrba'l 
 
 Journeyman, kamdsut L 
 
 Knife-grinder, .o/. : /v/ /-//"'' v 
 
 Labourov (day). / . -,//7,- 
 
THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERM?. 
 
 Labourer (porter), 
 
 Leather-curer, currier, or tanner, 
 
 Leather-cutter, saddler, 
 
 Locksmith, 
 
 Man of business, 
 
 Manufacturer, 
 
 Mason, or builder, kdmdttl 
 
 ,, (stone), sang-tardsh 
 
 Master (artificer), 
 
 (tradesman), an artist, 
 
 hull 
 
 dabbagh jlJtJ, ckamar j 
 mocfn 
 
 loh-dr ' 
 ahl-i-kdr 
 
 karl-gar J^ 
 raz j\j, raj ^}. 
 
 , micemar 
 
 ustdd jli-J, karl-gar ^ 
 kdsib e-^-:l^, ustdd 
 
 Mat-maker, or mat- ) 7 _/-/ M i / ^-'- -/- \t i.. 
 
 [ bonya-baf u-?u b ,j, chattai-nala I). ,-Vu 
 
 weaver, ' w " 
 
 Merchant, baipari L^;^? mahd-jan ^^l^, saudd- 
 Navvy, excavator, bel-ddr 
 
 Overseer, 
 Painter, 
 
 (house or carriage), 
 Paper-maker, a stationer. 
 Pedlar, 
 I'ioncer, 
 
 mukaddam ,*jJU, ttanddel ^b 
 
 rang-sdz j\ 
 kdghaz-l 
 
 Putter. 
 Printer, 
 or 
 r n|M'-iii;ik<'r. 
 
 i, /-^/Z j 
 umhru' j\^ 
 r/,}i</j>r>/-,rti/(l, ^ ^^^>~ 
 
 rasaw sa^ jL 
 
 Sailer, l.oatiinin, /-/W//7-//v7// 
 
 Bawyer, 
 
 Sculptor, 
 
 , snilor, 
 (in ^vin i nil). 
 
 r ; , but-tarfoh J 
 muhr-kan 
 malldh ^)U, jakaz-l ufj^^ 
 hl'dnntt-lr l^jc^ nolmr & 
 
LRTIZAN8, TRAD18-PBOPLE, BTC. 
 
 Shepherd, char tc ah a \ 
 
 Shoemaker, cobbler, mod" 
 
 Shoer ofhorses, ndl-band 
 
 Shopkeeper, dukan-dar J\ jj \j j 
 
 Silversmith, sonar .L^ 
 
 Snutl-dealer, tobacconist. tam-kherd t^Ct? 
 Surveyor, paimalsh-wdld jflj (jiuU-j, jarib-kash (J^ ^^^ 
 
 Sweeper, haldl-khor j^ J^>-, mih-tar j^^ 
 
 Sword-grinder, bdrr-yd bjb 
 
 i shamsher-sdz ;L -wi^-1, sayydf 
 
 Sword-maker, > > r: ^^ > 
 
 tegh-gwr J* 
 
 Tailor, Idiaiyat LL^-, <:/(//.; 7 
 
 Tanner. chanbdr jUx^, chamdr 
 
 Teut-])uilder or maker, Jihemah-doz \^ 
 
 Tent -keeper or pitcher, Jchalds-l 
 Thatcher, ghurdml o -\^ chhappar-band ^ 
 
 Tiler, bricldayer, kdmdttl Jl*l, rdz \\j, raj 
 
 Tinker, brazier, tthattherd ]^, 
 
 Tinman or tinplate worker, tm-?vdld 
 
 Tinner of pots and pans, kalcel-gar 
 
 Tobacconist, tarn- /'her a, 
 Tradesman (master), kdrl-gar >J, kdsib e-^~:l^ ustdd jb 
 
 Turner, Mardt-l ^[^ khardd-l 
 
 Undertaker. tdbut-gar j* c 
 
 Varnisher, lakherd 
 
 \\"atch or clockmaker, sd-teat-sdz jL- 
 
 Water-carrier, sakkd ILo, biJdsht-l 
 
 ,, (by bullock), pakhdl-l 
 
 \Vai i-rman, boatman. Jdsktl-icdn ^U ^^, mdnj/d 
 
 W.-aver, jold-hl ^i^-,jold-l 
 
 Well-sinker, ktfiyar ., <J<dk-/> 
 
 yhaH-Kar 
 
TJiKSAi;jU'r> OF TECHNICAL TKUMS. 
 
 Wheel or cart-wright, khdtl <J^, barr-ka'l L ^J- < 
 
 \Vhetter of swords, etc., barr-ya Ljj ! L. 
 
 Wire-drawer, tar-kaxh 
 
 Worker in brass, or mixed metals, tthatthera 
 
 Workman, labourer, hull ^J, mazdur 
 
 , (superior), ////W/v 
 
 Wright or wheel-Wright, XeX^a^ <J^> barr-hal 
 
 \ mutasaddl ^ju^x^, muharrir'\ , 
 Writer, clerk (native), , / ,T , , ' 
 
 ' aniri-Rar .IS JJbi, munsQl 
 
 IL-BLACKSMITH'S, GUNSMITH'S, AND METAL WORK 
 
 IN GENERAL, 
 
 Ammoniac (sal), noshada 
 
 Anvil, sindan jj^jc^, nihal clV^ a ^ iran 
 
 (small), 
 
 Bellows (pair oi',jantd 1^3 U-), bhatthl ^$\#> d<mt-k<i.xli 
 (small), ^w/ ^^j^? dhonhal 
 
 Blacksmith, smith. aftan-gar ^J^T, toh-dr 
 
 Bolt (screw), Imlbah 
 
 Borax, sohagci if l 
 
 Bore of a ^un, 
 
 To bore, /// ^ v/-??a U j^.. 
 
 Casting-box, mould, /a/^ u_Jlj (Uhal-ncy ha sandm l^rL li 
 To cast, to mould, ddhdl-na 
 
 Cast (metal), ddkdid-h&'& \j& ^!U5, <J<1lili'-it 
 
 Chamber of a gun, etc., Xv< /////' -^ ; 
 
 Charcoal, tghdl JUj, Xv)te 
 
 Chisel (small), a punch, dihe'onl ^^^, chhrrn 
 
 Coriindiiiu powdi'i'd'iiicrv). 
 ' ' ) 11 ' i Me , ' - \~- . X' // // // // // 
 
BLACKSMITHS GHJN8MITH 8 .\M MKTA1. WORK. 
 
 Damascene of swords, etc., 
 
 Dross, sediment. 
 
 IvUiv <>!' a tool, etc., 
 
 T.I dve an edge. to sharpen. 
 
 Knierv, emery powder. 
 
 Fen ilc'. 
 
 File (lar<re), a rasp. 
 
 .. (double-edged), 
 
 ., (tine) 
 
 ., (medium), 
 To file, 
 Filer, 
 
 Filings (of iron in particular), 
 Filings, /r-Z , ret ^ 
 
 Flaw, 
 
 Forceps, nippers 
 Forge, 
 Furnace, 
 Fusion, 
 Grate, stove, 
 
 jt/tokarr J^J 
 
 retl, 
 ret-iyana \j 
 
 r nikai-na 
 
 kurandd ^) 
 w ^ 
 sohan 
 
 katra 
 mutthci \ 
 , ret 
 ret-na 
 
 retua 
 
 Graver, graving tool, style, 
 
 Gum lac (for fastening knife handles, etc.), Idk 
 
 Hammer (sledge), 
 
 (middle size), 
 
 (small) 
 
 Handle to fit tools (loose), 
 To heat (make red hot) 
 Hot (red) 
 
 Iron, see different sorts under " Metals." 
 Iron (made of iron) lohiyd LfcjJ, Ohf.ru 
 
 Laboratory, manufactory, L-<~ir- 
 
 Lar (gum). 
 
 kharcbshah 
 
 diura \)f>~, churjj^, tutan 
 phutt 
 
 zambur ij~*j zanbur 
 *angettk-l 
 
 agetti 
 ' piglatt <JL? 
 
 atash-kadah 
 
 mil Ju* 
 , dozah xj 
 
 glian 
 
 hathorra, l 
 hathorr-l 
 
 hat-l 
 tao dena 
 
THESAUUUS OF TECHNICAL TERM*. 
 
 lakh ^3, lak ull, ro-ghan ^j 
 
 korchhal J+f-J*, k&rdiha \&>J* 
 
 dilragh j/>-, dirca \^ 
 
 tala )lb', kulf\-&a, kufl Jii 
 
 7 ,, _ 7 , 
 dd/tanehah 
 
 Lacker, varnish, 
 Ladle (iron), 
 Lamp, 
 Lock, 
 ,, (staple for), 
 
 Mould (a rough cast of anything, 
 
 J 
 afterwards reduced to shape), 
 
 ,, (bullet), sdncka IcsrL, sdnchah 
 
 (casting box), ddhalney ka sanchali t^srLj l^ 
 
 Nail, klla Lf , /;7^ J/ 
 
 Nippers, pincers, chimtta liU^, chwitta li 
 
 Notch (also cog of a wheel), tfe^ 
 
 To become notched, dantlparrnd Irj 
 
 Nut (a), ddhibll ^^^5, ddhibrl 
 
 Nut-key, ddhibrl ya ddhibll kash 
 
 Pincers, nippers, chimtta 
 
 Poker, 
 
 Polisher of iron (in particular), 
 
 Polisher, filer, or furbisher, 
 
 Punch (a), 
 
 Kasp, large coarse file, 
 
 Red-hot, 
 
 ,, (to make), 
 
 Rosin, kardyal Jj 
 
 Sal-ammoniac, 
 
 Scissors, 
 
 Screw, 
 
 Screw-bolt, 
 
 Screw-driver, 
 
 Sediment. <lr 
 
 Shon 
 
 ,, (large), 
 
 \j 
 
 ',' chimtta, 
 angartt-l J 
 fyar&shdh * 
 
 retud 
 , sumbhd 
 > so-kan 
 
 chhconl 
 kdnus 
 
 tao dcna 
 amar (also cloth)^15, 
 
 noshadar 
 mikmz ^^U, kenchl 
 
 
 b* 
 
 L-uUah 
 marorr-i 
 
 , kat-i-<-/:<-tlrut 
 
lllik'K AM) TILE MAKIMi. BTC. 
 
 Shovel, fchdk-anddz \ 
 
 (small), small mat lock, or spndc. bcl-rlmh <Ls 
 
 Sledge-hammer, (medium) kattorrd 5j5>, Qsxgo) ghun 
 
 (small size), hattorr-l 
 
 Solder, jhdl ^\&-,jozran ^Jfr> Tang 
 
 To solder, jh aland 1^1 lp 
 
 Stove, grate, dtash-kadah i>^> 
 
 Style (sharp-pointed graving tool), mil 
 
 Tap for screw cutting, mansut c 
 
 Tongs, sandddsl ^^JL-j, sansl 
 
 Tools, instruments, au-zdr \\*\, hafydr j\~ 
 
 Trough (water), jallerl 
 
 N'aniish, lacker, lakh ^fl, lak <JJ3, roghan ^- 
 
 Vice (a), bank CS>' 
 
 ,, (large bench), pdk sahrrsl ^>j~> ^\*,> m ^ fa bank u-C b ^ 
 (hand), hatkal J&J&, hath kl bank (JJob ^ 
 
 Washer, pattl ^yj, phull 
 
 Water-trough, " jalerl 
 
 Wedge (small), or cold chisel, Meonl Jj-^, Mem 
 
 Wedge, pachar j= 
 
 III -BRICK AND TILE MAKING, WITH THE IMPLEMENTS 
 AND MATERIALS, 
 
 Ashes, Mar j\#>~, Mdkistar J ^ M ^{^., rakli 
 
 Barrow (hand), manjhl ^^^u, mdnjhl 
 
 (wheel), hdth-gdm ^j 
 
 Baskets (sorts), ttokm >$)>, itok 
 
 ,, ,, chkubrd j^-f^, tio&rd 
 
 ,, flf[aly(i U5, rhlm.br i ^j 
 
10 
 
 THESAURUS OP TECH MCA I. TERMS. 
 
 Basket (large), 
 
 used as u measure, 
 Brick (adj.), of brick. 
 
 -. (a). 
 
 ,, (large and flat), 
 
 ,, (half burnt), 
 ,, (kiln burnt), 
 (sun dried), 
 (under burnt), 
 (well burnt), 
 (vitrified), 
 Brick-bat, 
 
 Brick or potter's kiln, 
 Brick-kiln (inclosed), 
 
 (native, open or clamp). 
 Brick-mould, 
 
 (strike or stick of a), 
 
 Brick machine, <-],arkkl Intth bandnct/ I;} 
 Brick-maker, khiM-paz j c: 
 
 Bricks (broken), 
 Bricks (instrument for rnitinir), 
 Bucket (leathern), 
 
 (large), jit-oka 
 
 (small), 
 ,, (wooden), or pail, 
 ( 'alx, ashes, 
 Tarl (wheeled carriage of any kind). tjiiihli 
 
 jhdl 
 khishtl 
 
 lr^, intth *& 
 rln i ii pall Intth 
 far ski Intth 
 ^^, pill mtth ^Lj 
 pakkl Intth & 
 kachchl Intth ^S-j 
 ham pakkl Intth 
 
 pakkl Intth 
 
 jkaman ^Ul^-, jltarcan g 
 rorra 
 
 .f 
 
 bhattah a^j, bhattl 
 pazana 
 sanchd Intth ka li ^iUj! 
 
 .. (two bullock). 
 (four bullock). 
 Clay, i i ;irtli, soil. 
 
 yarn <l<> baldi 
 
 // r/Klt/ 
 
 m i HI 
 
I'.UICK AND TI 1,H M\\\\ Nii. I : 1 1 
 
 ('lay (still 1 ), potter's clay. r/,ihm. -mini 
 
 .. (tempered), mortar, 
 
 .. pit, 
 
 Clod of earth, 
 
 ( 'o\v dung (dried), used lor fuel, 
 
 Karth, soil, dust, //"// cJU-, mittl or mattl 
 
 (potter's), clay. ckikm mattl ^JL _ 
 
 Kartheii vessel (largv), ffha^ra tyf> 
 
 (small), kandcFt oJuljb 
 
 Kartheii pan (large), ndnd jj\j 
 
 ,, ,, (small), kunclda \sj 
 
 Fagot, fuel, balhl 
 
 yafarsh-l mtth ^.\\ 
 
 khapra \j+, 
 
 Fuel, r/ulhan ^jcjl, soJthtah <&~>-j~i 
 
 Furnace, brick-kiln, bhattl .Jif , a^'tt 1.7 
 
 Hand-barrow, manjhl ^^u, manjhl ^srU 
 
 Heap, stack of bricks, ckufta \!L>- 
 
 Heat of the sun, ^to^ ^1^, ^Aw 
 
 Kiln (brick or potter's), bhattl ^^, pajdwah sj(s, dwa 
 
 Kiln-dried, or kiln-burnt brick, pakkl mtth ^pj\ 
 
 Leathern bucket, ddol 
 
 (small), ddolchl 
 
 (very large), pur^, prohd Uj^, ^/'s 
 
 with trunk or spout, molt <JL 
 
 Litter (cattle) used as fuel, hurra \j 
 
 (rubbish), kackrd \^, hurra \j 
 
 Manure. khdd jl^, hhdt ci^l 
 
 Mattock, delve (see Pha'orrah), belchah 
 
 Mill-wheel (potter's), r// //// j&-, <'lik ^^ 
 
 Miro, mud, hlcharr j^ 
 
THESAURUS OF TIa'KMCAL TERMS. 
 
 ,- 
 mamutt 
 
 haratt c!^jj>, rahatt LlU&j 
 LlS 
 
 chikrii mitti ^J 
 char/fa ^-j^-? ^ 
 
 yhirnl \Jy&> bhuwan 
 
 bart or 
 
 lao $, bart or 
 kachra !s- , kurra 
 
 j, balu jib, r< 
 
 Mould (brick), xandt.a Intth ha 
 
 Mud, tempered clay, used as mortar, yarn \j 
 
 | plmolah **!U>, phaorra !?.U 
 Pha'orrah, digging tool, mattock, , ,- - i /~; i 
 
 Persian wheel, charJch 
 
 Plaster (mud and chaff), 
 
 Potter, 
 
 Potter's clay, or earth, 
 
 wheel, 
 Pulley for a well bucket, 
 
 (rope for), 
 Rope, 
 
 ,, (thick) for a well pulley, 
 Rubbish, litter, 
 Sand, 
 Sandy, 
 
 Spade, shovel, 
 
 Soil, earth, 
 
 ,, (stiff), potter's clay, 
 
 (light or loose), 
 Stack of bricks, 
 Straw, 
 
 Strike, a stick for smoothing bricks in the mould, 
 Sun's heat, (/ham *\, dhup <- 
 
 Sweepings, rubbish, etc., In elm \ J * hurra \"; 
 
 Tank (small), a cistern, 
 
 ,, pond, tal&'oj$\2, lalab *_;l ! lv, till Jb 
 
 Tempered clay, mud-mortiir. yd /-a \j 
 
 Tile, (tiles, ha nl li ,Jjj), nariyci by 
 
 ,, (round or lock), y/// Jl. ; n^yd-^ulflddr j\^J^s by 
 
 i hlwdnl 
 
 ^, belclidh <LS"^:, Z^/ J-j 
 
 {T-i ">. . v . " 
 
 fMk-andaz j\&) 
 
 w^ftZ or 
 rl'ihiu mattl 
 kachchl mattl ^JL ^sr 
 
 riff ft a 
 facia. /I 
 
BRICKWORK, .MASoNUY. BRIDGE BUILDING, KTc. |: 
 
 Tile (flat and broad \ hhajtrd L^i, klaprcl J^,- 
 
 Tiler (a), (also a mason), ktdatkar j&A , sel-band 
 
 Tiled (house). Ifhaprail Jj - 
 
 Tiled roof, khaprail ki Mat i^~$> 
 
 Trough for water (in the ground), tdghar J\M 
 
 Tubulated, wa& ^JU 
 
 Wiiter-bag (h^athera), ddolehl .JjS, ^/ J.J 
 
 (leathern) for a man's shoulder, " mashk 
 
 \Vater-bag3 of leather for bullocks, camels, or mules, pakhal 
 \Vater-oourse. ravine, also a canal, nala ^!lj 
 
 Well, cha/i &\s>~, kun-rca \+> kua \ 
 
 Wheel (potter's), charjch j>~, riah 
 
 (Persian), haratt cf^A, rahatt 
 
 Wooden Imoket. 
 
 IV -BRICKWORK, MASONRY, BRIDGE BUILDING, WELL- 
 
 SINKING, AND BUILDING IN GENERAL, WITH 
 
 THE TOOLS AND MATERIALS. 
 
 Abutment, payah-berttnl <j^ <V.l 
 
 Ants (white), 
 
 Arch (an), kaman ^U^, miTirab t 
 
 ,, (crown of), ras-i-mihrdb 
 
 (spring of), shuruce-i-mihrab 
 
 (turning of ), tatemlr-i-mihrab 
 
 (centering for), ddhaula 
 
 Arch with versed sine flat or small, kubbah 
 
 Arched, mihrabl ^>\jsf, kamanl <J 
 
 Bank, brink, edge, kinarah 
 
 (steep and precipitous), ddhang 
 
14 THE8AURU8 OF TKCMNH'AL 
 
 Banks of a river (high and steep), arrarrd \\'\ : ;\ 
 
 Barrel, plpd Lo 
 
 Base, basis, foundation, bind LJ, mw *-J, pay ah fob, bunydd jLi- 1 
 Base, or foot of a pillar, kursl ^^ , 
 
 Battlement, hangwrdh 
 
 Battlemented, kangurdk-dar j\ *J^, karkh 
 
 Bean, lattl.d l^ll, shdli-tlr ^ *li, shali-tir .-^ 
 
 Block foundation, ckaukon kl Inrnydd jLij ^ ^f>~, chauM 
 Bond, wall's breadth, 
 
 (to preserve the), r/r/y^- l>a<-ldnd 
 
 Bonding, 
 
 Boring instrument (for the ground), barmah zaniin kd li tij . ; . 
 Bottom (the), 
 
 (tool for excavating at bottom of wells), jkdm <*ll^- 
 
 Brick (a), H)*ht 
 
 Brickwork, JMsht-karl ^l^iA^, Inttydrl 
 
 Brick and mortar work, <], tinal 
 
 ,, (pounded for cement), surHl - 
 
 on edge floor or pavement, kharanjd ^s^ 
 
 Bridge (a), pul Jjj, pul 
 
 (arched), pu4-mijirab-dar J\A ^\^^ 
 
 ,, (draw), pul-i-t<i/,-/tf<i/t-ddr 
 
 ,, (stone), pulri-sanyltt ^ 
 
 (suspension), pul-i-dn'czdn^\jj\ ^^ , puljhulcy kd \ ^ 
 (wooden), pul-i-chobl ^ 
 
 Brink, edge, margin, kmri"ruk 
 
 Buttress, hutment, 
 
 ('.-lisson, xnmltlff n'tixlt'if bunt/ftd /,'(' 
 
 ( 'iinvus or coarse kind of cloth 
 
 for the crilings of rooms, 
 
 ( 'Msemriit. window. ////' /v/v 
 
 Catch, hook, 'inlt*i f ^L<\. <lnhrri 
 
 I()l1 ' 1 iS 
 
 raarrd i,b, 
 
 , y 
 
BRICKWORK, .MASoNHV, HIM DC K BUILDING, KTC. 
 
 15 
 
 <-],kat band Jcj v^^>-, safrf <*J 
 <-lhcit-ylr! ^ 
 
 r/,/W 
 
 
 kah-gil J-^J', 
 
 Causey, pavement. 
 Ceiling of a room, etc. j 
 (also the roof), \ 
 
 (cloth or canvass), 
 
 To eeil. filial l pattana or lagana 13 
 
 Cement, mortar, masdlih f?\*a* f ahak clX&t, gad 
 
 ( 'entering of an arch, ddhauld 5jj&3, dddtt cl^3, 
 
 Chatf. husk (used in making mud-mortar), 
 
 Chisel (stone-mason's), chheonl J^-^, chhenl ^+$>~, ttanfa ^JL> 
 
 Clay (tempered mud and chaff), 
 
 (potter's), 
 Cloth for ceilings, 
 ( 'olnnm, pile, pillar, 
 
 (strong, solid), 
 (base of), 
 Conduit pipe, 
 
 drain for water, 
 Coping of a wall, 
 Corbel, 
 Cord, string. 
 Corner, 
 
 ,, (to cut off a), 
 Cornice, pediment, 
 
 Counterscarp, curtain, 
 
 Course, layer. 
 
 Crab or windlass. 
 
 Crane or jack, 
 
 ( Yovni of an arch, ras-i-milirab 
 
 Cubical, or block ) 
 
 f n ,. , chaukon m bunyad \~j . L . }*&- 
 
 foundation, ( ^ ur^r 
 
 Cubit (85 fathoms), n'dm **.. Ixiin +\*. ham ^ 
 
 l ' i P 
 
 garra \J gazl ^>, kkadl ^ 
 , sutun ^j^, istambh 
 
 rfflm-i-rakm 
 
 pay ah sutun ka li ^f^ <)jl> 
 
 par-nala }!ljy , panala SL, nal jj 
 
 morl u?,%^ 
 
 ddcrl ^.^jjc^, mundder jjX** 
 mama V^, rt<?m ^ 
 ddori ^fjj, ddor j*'j 
 
 nasuk t 
 nasuk mama IJ 
 L'<iri(/-m 
 
 , kang-l 
 
 arrtdla ^\j\ 
 raddd !j 
 
 rl(rr/,'Jtl j/tam In ^ 
 maslub < ?^Lu^, dam- ha la 
 
1(5 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 
 Curb under a well ring, jdkhan ^U-, nlm chak i-X>- *-J 
 
 Current, stream, dhdrd ^Uj, dhdr j\Jb 
 
 Curtain wall, arrtdld l ! ijj j l, pardak dinar kd \ j\y 
 
 Dike, embankment, pushtah <x^L, bdndh 
 
 Distorted, twisted, ayntthd l^bj), tteddhd UjLS, tehrrd \^J 
 
 Drain, 
 
 Drawbridge, pul-i-takhtah-ddr 
 
 Eaves of a roof, ttord \j, ol-i 
 
 extending some distance beyond the| 
 wall as a place to sit under \ 
 
 Edge, bank, brink, hindrah 
 
 Efflorescence of salt, etc., on walls, niinl 
 
 Embankment, dike, buttress, bdndh *jjb, pushtah & 
 
 Excavation, khodal \ j 
 
 Excavating tool for bottom of wells, jhdm 
 
 Extrados, Jcaus-berunl tjj^ 
 
 Fathom, the space embraced by the arms extended, bam +), bdm *l 
 Flat, adj. cl < euros i* **=?, bardbar ^\^, hamn'dr \ Jfc 
 
 Flood, fiJifft L&i, saildb 
 
 gate, /.-/'ur-db L- 
 
 Floor, story (of a house), manzil 
 
 Flooring, pavement, farsh ^J^i, tah aJ 
 
 Foundation, basis. bind Uj, y//^ - -j, bunyad \~j,payak <ulj 
 
 ,, (block or cubical), 
 
 (well), kft 
 
 Gate (flood), Mnirab LJ\J 
 
 Glacis, pushtah tej 
 
 Gravel, coarse sand. lm)rl. ^^, patthrl 
 
 \nn i/j&t 
 raH jjj 1 ^. 
 
BRICKWORK, MASONRY, BRIDGE BUILDING, ETC. 
 
 17 
 
 kaus-andaruni 
 maslub c-?Lux, dam-kald 
 
 addam 
 
 badar-rau jjj^> 
 
 Hammer (moon's), hatorra Jjfjia, martol 
 
 Hand-barrow, manjhl ^scu, manjkl ^rs^U, hdth-c/dm cgj 
 
 Haunches, ^.( /><r {/* uJljt 
 
 Heap, ddherl c^-JbJ, ddher^^, attam J 
 
 Hod for mortar, a wooden trough, katthrra 
 
 Intrados, 
 
 Jack, crane, 
 
 Joint, 
 
 Joist, beam, 
 
 Kennel, gutter, drain, 
 
 Key-stone, 
 
 Ladder, steps, also stairs, 
 
 (rope), 
 Latch of a door, 
 Lath (a), ^a^^ ^a^5 Id 
 Lathe (turning), 
 
 ,, (wheel of), 
 Lattice, trellis-work, 
 
 ,, skylight, 
 Layer, course, 
 
 the work of a day, 
 Leaf of a door, etc., 
 Level, adj. 
 To level, bardbar karnti 
 
 (by means of water), 
 Level (a water), 
 
 (mason's), 
 Lime (slacked), v. To slake, 
 
 (common), 
 
 ,, (white, for whitewash), 
 Line (tracing), 
 Lock (of a door, etc.), 
 
 zmah &j ;, 
 
 kamand 
 
 kunddl, c/^fj garrd 
 battl lahrrl hi ^J> <_$]] 
 
 Tthardt Ll^., kkardd 
 pal ay d Wiardd kd 
 chilwdn ^k* 
 
 tdb-ddn J\ 
 raddd !j^ 
 raddd \Jj 
 kewdrr J\^ 
 
 bardbar j\^, hamivdr \\*$ 
 , liamwdr karnd \jj* j\^ 
 pansdl karnd \J 
 pansdl 
 ttikantti 
 bliarkdnd \j\&M t bharfa 
 
 chund 13 
 kalacel c 
 sut d. 
 
 tdld V j'j, /v///'^ji)j;, /;//// JJ. 
 
 2 
 
18 
 
 THESAURUS OP TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 
 Loop-hole, 
 Mallet (mason's or") 
 stone-cutter's),) 
 Marble, 
 
 Margin, brink, bank, 
 Mason, 
 
 (stone), 
 
 Mason's (stone) chisel, chhe-ni 
 hammer, 
 level, 
 rule, 
 
 plumb-line, 
 
 Masonry, sang-sazl ^jj\~ 
 Mat, matting, 
 
 Mat-maker, buriyd-bdf t_Jb l> itf, diattal-walal\j ^-"7 
 
 Material (prepared mortar or cement), masdlih 
 
 Measuring rod, 
 Measuring tape, 
 Mortar, plaster, cement 
 ,, (wooden), 
 
 ckuney kl chakkl 
 
 jhirl J^rpr > na b 
 
 bahadrl 
 takchah s*lb, tak jH?, -/ 
 
 kuchha 
 dena U.j 
 i, katt-hara 
 
 tlr-kash 
 (hatorrd 
 ( mogra 
 sang 4-mar mar j*j* 
 
 kinarah Sj\ 
 raz j\j, rdj - 
 
 sang -tar ash ^f>\f &&**, micemar 
 , chheo-nl ij^>., tta/ 
 
 ka&wrd^fo 
 ttikanttl 
 
 hanjdr 1 
 
 s<z/^/ J^-> s^<?/ JyL-:, sol 
 , sang-micemdrl c^U 
 
 burly a, l>j^> chattal ^12 
 
 napney kafltah 
 , ahak 
 
 '"I 
 
 , ^ze& J 
 
 (mill), 
 Moulding, 
 
 (ornament), 
 Niche, recess in a wall, 
 Offset, 
 
 (to leave) 
 Palisade, railing, 
 Parapet, 
 
 Partition wall, a screen, 
 Pavement, causey, 
 Pediment, 
 IVrislvlo. 
 
 katt'h-ghara 
 
 fasll Jy^.% morrerr^j 
 
 ottd 
 
 farsh y*j*, kharanja 
 
BKK'KWOKK. MAftONRT, !',K!U<SK JITILDING, ETC. 
 
 Pier, pdyah-andarunl <J 
 
 Pilaster, _ aeulln 
 
 Pile, post, gar Inn hi karri oj ^ \^*j*> balll ^ 
 
 ,, driver, or engine, muchdk 
 
 Pillar, /a#A ^!J1 ! , pll-pdyd \*\^>, situn ^yi-j, istamb/i *~AZ 
 
 ,, (base or foot of a), pa-yah sutun kd l ^^ <uL, /mm ^5- 
 Pin (tent), 
 
 Pin or wooden peg, khunttl ^J*Jj, meJfh ^ 
 
 Pipe (conduit), spout, panala ^, ^^^ JJ 
 
 Plank, board, shutter, takhtl ^sc, takhtah <&?, patt c3U 
 
 Planking, boarding, taMtah-bandl 
 
 Plaster, mortar, gach ^, dhak tJ 
 
 (mud, and chaff), kah-gil jL^, gam \ 
 
 Plastering, astar-karl 
 
 Plastering tools (see Trowel). 
 
 Plumb-line, plummet, sdkul J^iL, sahul J^-, sd/iul 
 
 Pole, balll 
 
 ,, (ridge), balenddd Ijc^b, bancHerl 
 
 Pond, tank, db-glr ^ ^J\, tdldb ^b, tala'ojl\3 
 
 Post (column), istambh 
 
 (wooden), ham ^j?, balll ^b, khumb i^ 
 
 (king), (?) dhan-nottd I5y 
 
 Pounded brick for cement, surkhl 
 
 Punkah (large fan suspended from the roof), pankhd 
 
 Quarry, kdn sangl hi ^ ^/ 
 
 Rafter, sak-fl ^tiL:, karri 
 
 Railing, palisade, katfh-ghard [^^, katt-hard 
 
 Ravine, water-course, canal, ndld jJli 
 
 f tak .jit, did ft 
 
 Kecess m a wall for a lamp, etc., a niche, S "/-/-; / ^IL 
 
 Repository. klizaiwh JjUr^, kottfa $ 
 
90 
 
 TITE^AIlll S OF TECHNICAL TERM*. 
 
 Reservoir, cistern, . 
 
 Riddle, sieve, screen, 
 
 River, 
 
 Rod (measuring), 
 ,, ( two feet), 
 ( ten feet), 
 
 Roof, 
 ,, (sloping two ways), 
 
 hauz 
 
 chhalnl jj^s-, chhalnd 
 (small) naddl ^Ji, (large) clary cl b 
 
 gaz dofutta & ^ j* 
 gaz dasfuttd liij ^ 3 
 , bam *b, chhat c^ 
 do or du-challah <)!> 
 
 ( 
 
 four ways), chau-konl <jj.>-, char-challah 
 
 (terraced), 
 (thatched), 
 (tiled), 
 
 ,, (to roof with tiles), 
 Roofing with tiles, 
 Round, or lock-tile, 
 Rubbish, sweepings, 
 Rule (mason's), 
 Sack-cloth for ceilings, canvas, 
 Sally-port, wicket, 
 Sand, 
 
 ,, (coarse), gravel, 
 Scaffold, stage, 
 
 ,, (for criminals), 
 Scaffolding, 
 
 ,, (light wooden), 
 Screen, partition-wall, 
 
 'chhalnl 
 
 pakkl chhat L^. 
 chhappar kl chhat 
 khaprel kl chhat c^f. 
 
 pattdna \j 
 
 pattao 
 nariyd-kulflddr j\ sJ^s 
 
 hanjdr jlrs 
 
 gazl o}?> kliddl ^jS^ 
 khzrrffi 
 
 ret 
 , bajrl 
 dauvjd 
 
 nddle, sieve, 
 
 chhalna Uif=^, (hhannd 
 dk-hd l^T, ijt'irbrd Jb^i, pcznah ^ 
 Shovel, spade, (small , lu'lrhah ils^), bel J-J, kin 
 Shuttoi- (1'old of), or door, 
 Shutter, a board. 
 
 . lattice, gan*aM ~^<f, fnli-dn// ., 
 
 patthn 
 
 8O$f ujiLi, pdrr 
 
 f 'J JL'b, math Hi' ., 
 
, 
 *b, 
 
 Mak-andaz \\AJ\ 
 
 , lei 
 
 (house of two), 
 Stream, current, 
 Sweepings, rubbish, 
 Tape (measuring), 
 Tenter, catch-hook, 
 Terraced floor, 
 
 Delated, 
 Tile (flat), 
 
 (round or lock), 
 Tiling, roofing with tiles. 
 Till, draurr. 
 
 URlrKWoRK. MASONRY, liuiimi-: BUILDING, KTC. 
 
 Slacked lime, (To slake, lhark&na til^j), hlmrkti 
 
 Sloping root' Uwo ways), 
 
 ,, (Jour way*), dn(n-honl J,^^, 
 
 Space Ix'twccn the arms stretched) 
 
 out, u fathom. j 
 
 Spade, shovel, 
 Splay. 
 Spout, pipe, tube, 
 
 (for water), 
 Spring of an arch, 
 Square, (1 
 
 Square (a), 
 Stairs, ladder, steps, 
 Stage, 
 
 ,, (light wooden), 
 
 (moveable), 
 Steps, ladder, stairs, 
 Stone, 
 Story (upper), 
 
 Stories (house of several), 
 
 ^ 
 
 parnala )IUj 
 sh'uruce-i-mikrab 
 
 _]>, murabbaa 
 
 gunyd Lj 
 zlnah iijj, serrhl ^^y^- 3 
 
 safcfi^oe..,. pdrr : , ! l> 
 
 7 7 i " ' y 
 
 tandd Jul3, macnan ^ 
 
 sandll ^! 
 
 serrhl ^>j^, zli'tih < 
 san<j 
 
 mm r^ 
 
 ckau-mahalla Isr 11 ^=>- 
 panj-manzilah Aj. 
 
 do-mcmzilah 
 dhara i ,Uj, c?Mr iUj 
 
 kachra 
 
 ndpney kafltah &~j l^ c 
 ffwfe ^c***^, dnkrrl <j 
 r^, j^r, pakk&farsk ^^ 
 mu&ayyan ^ 
 
5 OF TECH MCA I, TEH MS. 
 
 Tools, instruments, 
 
 Tools (plastering). See Trowel. 
 
 Tracing-liiK 1 . 
 
 Transom, 
 
 Trellis-work, lattice, 
 
 Trowel, 
 
 A light wooden trowel used for tap- 
 ping plaster and flooring while the 
 chunam or plaster is drying, 
 
 A light wooden tool used in dressing the plaster woikjcklma \j-o 
 A sort of wooden trowel, but thicker and \ 
 
 heavier ; a sort of short bar with a flat side ,> samadha Uu>U~: 
 used in smoothing and rubbing the chunam, J 
 
 A very small bladed trowel used in plas-) 7 _ / -/- M ^ \\ 
 J \ n ela-majhula **$s* LJ 
 
 tering, for the fine mouldings, etc. * 
 
 An iron tool with a sharp point used in plastering, kalam 
 
 chilndn 
 karta 
 
 thdpi 
 
 kendri chhat kl 
 
 tteddha 
 lad-hash 
 
 Trass, 
 
 Tube, spout, 
 Turning of an arch, 
 Twisted, distorted, 
 Ventilator, 
 Wainscot, boarding, 
 Wall, 
 
 ,, (a partition), screen, 
 
 ,, (breadth of), 
 
 ,, (efflorescence on), 
 
 ,, (extending outwards for Bitting under,) 
 
 (layer of), a day's work, 
 
 (recess in), a niche, takchah 
 
 Water-level, 
 
 ,, (to level by menus of) 
 Water-pipe, drain, conduit. 
 
 /'' 
 
 td/ rra 
 btld-i-njah te 
 
 dinar 
 
 of hi 
 bint cs, 
 
 (//Ibnia. bU5 
 
 radda 1 
 fii/f- jlL, did 
 pansdl J^ 
 
 pansal Iwrml \jj J^ 
 morl 
 
UUILD1NG* AND DWELLI.N - 
 
 \Vi-l I (a), 
 
 (foundation), kul hi bunyad jl~j 
 
 , , ( \va 11 r< ) and) , www y/*## 
 
 Well-bucket (large leathern), ddol J 
 
 ,, ,, (small) ddoldil 
 
 Well-sinker's shovel, jha 
 
 Well-ring (curb under), nim-chak <^X>- ^J,jakhan ^ 
 
 WeU (shaft of a), koithl 
 
 Wells (tool for excavating at the bottom of), jham 
 
 White ants, dlwak 
 
 White lime for white-wash, kalacBl 
 
 Whitewadiing, chunal 
 
 f chftna lagdnd \j\x! U*, chhuhana lj 
 To whitewash, j 
 
 karna \J 
 
 Wicket, sally-port, kliirrlu 
 
 Windlass, crane, charklti 
 
 Window, darlchak teglj^, barl ^jj^j, khirrkl 
 
 Wooden mortar, w 
 
 , , stage, sakf U&~>, parrjb 
 
 (light), tandd Job', machan J 
 
 ,, ,, (movable), sandll 
 
 trowels (see Trowel). 
 
 V.-BTJILDINGS AND DWELLINGS OF YAKIOUS 
 DESCEIPTIONS, 
 
 Antichamber, pesh-tak j^*-j, ddercrrla ^J^S 
 
 Aqueduct, nahr^, ab-yor j$J\, kdrez & 
 
 Area, court, ikdtah *^^1, dngan ^T 
 
 Arsenal, kdr Mdnak ajU- jl, .s^/^A kkdnah tJ\* 3^ 
 
 Back-yard, pichh-rvarra U'^f 
 
24 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TEH MS. 
 
 ^ 
 
 Balcony, upper room, bala-Jchanah 
 
 gallery, porch, dahlez jJjj> 
 
 Balustrade, katt-gar p&, kattera \^, kattl-ylam 
 
 Bank (for money), kotthi 
 
 Barn, granary, ambar-Manak ajU- jLjl, kotthd\ 
 
 Barrack, 
 
 Bastion, bulwark, tower, 
 
 Bedroom, dormitory, JiJidb-gdl s 
 
 Bench, elevated seat, or platform, 
 
 bn.rrak 
 
 l/i^> diha'om 
 
 burj j 
 , khnab-gah 
 dwbutrah 
 
 *, ceimarat 
 gomtan \J^ 
 
 mahan 
 Jcabnstan l 
 jhonprrl 
 
 I'Orc 
 chkaonl 
 , Idl-ceak <ul5, ^ 
 
 bkaunra 
 //-/// Hnnab ajl 
 kamara \j*, kotthri 
 chdwrri 
 // irJQrghaar L- 
 
 garrhi 
 
 Building in general (a), 
 
 Burying-ground, 
 
 Cabin, hut, 
 
 Canal (subterranean), 
 
 Cantonment, 
 
 Castle, fort, 
 
 Cavern, cellar, 
 
 Cellar, vault, 
 
 Chamber, 
 
 Choultry, Hindu caravansera'e, 
 
 Church, 
 
 City, 
 
 City-walls, 
 
 Cistern, vat, cib-gir jJ\, liauz 
 
 College, -nnul ratal 
 
 Colonnade, mzdm-i-aimad jl? /*li2J, $a Ik-wit tin kd 
 
 Compound, enclosed space round a house, ihatah i&U , dn<jan 
 
 Conduit, ])i])c for \vatcr, '/><u>af<l 
 
 CotiMg". cot, 1ml, jhonprrl ^J^-, jhonprra V-LJ 
 
 (\url. niv;i. -thiifa// :^^. amja 
 
 (inner) 
 ,, (covered) 
 
 Court-yard, ^^V ^^, .?<{//# ^.^r^i ';/'/' - 
 
 j 
 fU^ 
 
 o- 
 
 ; ,1^ 
 ~*j/ 
 *>~ 
 >^ 
 
 j^ 
 li aj 
 
 ^Jji^ 
 
 shahr-pann.lt 
 
 ifMf/t tU:,Jt* 
 
 ^d*L 
 
 t"n i, /a i) ^S\ 
 
ltriMIN(l,S AM) Ii\VKLLlN<IS. 25 
 
 Cupola, kitbbak <ujj, gumlaz js^ 
 
 Dining-room, $uh<tfah <uLs 
 
 Dom<\ gumbaz &~, kubbak < 
 
 Dormitory, bedroom, kh'ab-gak alf e 
 
 D ni in, nail ^J t> , m^A 4! 1) , 
 
 Dwelling, khdnah 
 
 (temporary), dderah ^X 
 
 Kurt, castle, (jurrhl ^t>j*, gurrh *j>, koit 
 
 Fortification, I kalceah 
 
 Fortress, fortified place, ) bdld-hisdr j\^>. ]\j, hisdr 
 
 (iallery, hall, ai-nan 
 
 portico, Tl-wak J 
 
 balcony, bold, kkdnak 
 
 ( Iranary, barn, ambar-Jchariah ajU- jljl, /wft^ 
 
 Grave-yard, Jcabristan ^l^J;, goristan ^ 
 Guard-house, naubat Jchanah aj l>. d^^y , chaukl , 
 
 ( i 1 1 1 1 er, kennel, drain, ^a/^ ^ 1} , ???6>n 
 
 Hall, a covered court, rfato 
 
 (outer), dar-ddldn 
 
 dining-room, suhafah 
 
 or gallery supported on pillars or columns, ai-rcan 
 
 House in general, /fo#/fo ^/j Jdianak <OU-, gh 
 
 mansion, tiarceU ^ 
 
 (with sloping roof), a sort of villa, banglah 
 
 (ware), go-dam *\4<jf t koithi 
 
 Hut, cottage, jhonprrl ^'^> tfp? , jhonprra 
 
 Inn, place for travellers, sarae 
 
 Inner court, anganal 
 
 Jail, prison, zindan jjljuj, kaid-Jchanah <Gli JL.J 
 
 lv'iiia'1, drain, gutter, wa/7. 
 
 Laboratoi-y, manufactory, kdr-Manak 
 Land iiig-p] ace, bandar-ghaU cL-Uf jjuj, y/^7^ <Ji;'^f, bandar 
 
26 THESAURUS OP TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 
 Landing-place at a river, etc., gJidtt 
 
 Lighthouse, fdnus 
 
 Lock-up house, chaukl 
 
 Magazine, arsenal, silah-khanah AilcL* _ 
 
 store-house, garrang 
 
 Mansion, liaweti 
 
 Manufactory, works, Imr-khanah <*jl 
 
 Market, mart, bazar jljb,, M# 
 
 Mess-house, mes-kkanah tj\* ^*-~*, mes-kortt &j 
 
 Mill (common hand), chakkl 
 
 (water), aseya U-T, pan-chakkl 
 
 ,, (wind), haw a- chakkl 
 
 Mosque, musjid, masjid 
 
 Obelisk, pillar, latth'h 
 
 Office, daftar-Jchanah aJl> 
 
 (collector's court-house), court, office, etc., kachharl 
 Parlour, reception room, baitthak tlXfLj, nishast-gah i^ 
 Peel, small fort, or tower, garrhl 
 
 Peristyle, usara \j\~t\, sitafand 
 
 Pinnacle, kangurah 
 
 Platform, elevated seat or bench, ckabutrah 
 
 Police-station, thanah 
 
 (road-side), chauJn 
 
 Porch, vestibule, antechamber, ddem-rrhl \ 
 
 ,, balcony, gallery, bar-amadah 
 
 Portico, a gallery resting on columns, asara \JL>\, rln-ak j\ 
 Printing office, or press building, h&paA-$&nah <UU- <ul$ 
 
 Prison, jail, jd-bha'nah <Jjl>- J-5>-, kaid-khmiah ajU 
 
 ( 
 Public buildings or works, { 
 
 Quadrangle, *hauk ^f>~* rkhdr-su 
 
BUILDINGS AND DWELLINGS. 
 
 asdrd \j\~t\ 
 
 Room, chamber, apartment, kotthrl ijj$jZ, kamrak 
 
 (reception), or parlour, baitthak ilX^; , nishast-gdh x 
 ,, (upper), or story, mharrl 
 
 ,, under ground, for the hot season, tah-khdnak 
 
 School-building (a), maktab 
 
 Seat (elevated), platform, chabutrah */ 
 
 Sepulchre, tomb, turbat ui 
 
 Shed, pdkhd 
 
 Shop, mart, hdtt <JL?U, kattl Jt>, dukdn 
 
 Space enclosed round a house, *) 
 a compound, 
 
 Story (a house having an upper), 
 
 Subterranean canal, 
 
 Summer-house, 
 
 Temple (Hindu), 
 
 Temporary dwelling, hut, etc. 
 
 Tent (also pavilion), Jchaimah 
 
 Terrace, in front of an upper room, 
 
 Thatching for barracks, 
 
 .,__, 7 , , 
 
 ikdtah ?\>-i, ana an ..Jo 
 
 mhdrrl t^'lf 
 karezj>j\&, 
 bdrah-darl 
 
 mandir 
 
 cfem j^j j, dderd 1^ 
 tambu +tZ, dderd 
 
 Tomb, sepulchre, vault, 
 Tower, small fort, or peel, 
 
 bastion, 
 Treasury, 
 
 (local), 
 Turret, 
 
 pinnacle, 
 
 ,, parapet wall, 
 Turreted, 
 
 Upper room, balcony, 
 Upper story, 
 \n\, cistern, db-glr jJ\, hauz 
 
 mlndr 
 
 chhdonl 
 kabr^a, turbat euo^J 
 j\~~*, burj ^ 
 burj -j 
 ffliizdnah 
 tahsll 
 
 kanaurah 
 kanaurah 
 kangumli-dar jb 
 bold khdnah 
 
 mhdrri 
 t chah-bachaJi 
 
THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 tah kkanah <O 
 
 Jcabr 
 b, bad-riyah <U 
 
 bar-amadah 
 
 usara UU 
 
 Vault, cellar (used in the hot season), 
 
 (tomb, sepulchre), 
 Ventilator, also fan or punkah, bad-kash 
 
 Verandah, also a balcony, porch, or 7 
 
 , 
 gallery, ) 
 
 Vestibule (porch), 
 
 ,, (antichamber), 
 Villa, 
 
 Warehouse Hal J15, bar-khanah 
 
 Watch, or lock-up house, 
 Water-mill, as^ya L*7, 
 
 Well (large) with steps down, 
 Wharf, quay, 
 
 Works, (Bamardt c 
 
 Workshop, kar-Jckanah <OU 
 
 Yard (court), ihdtah AbU-1, angan ^ 
 
 ,, (grave), kabristan ^l^J, goristdn ^ 
 
 pesh-gah 
 
 battika 
 
 * jb, go-dam * 
 ckau/tl 
 chakJti 
 
 ft JL>1/ 
 
 VI.-CARPENTRY, JOINERY, TURNING, WHEEL- 
 WRIGHT'S WORK, MATERIALS AND TOOLS. 
 
 Adze, or axe, basuld 
 
 ,, (kind of), teskah 
 
 Across, athwart, arr<l'u>[ftlt~i t JL- 
 
 Ants (white), il'ucuk CJ^o, 
 
 Auger, or gimblet with a string,} , _ , 
 
 a brace and hit, ) 
 
 ,, (bow and string of), kamanl <J 
 
 Axe (laruv felling). lalmr ^> ktllhncra ijl^l 
 
 (small), hatchet, //_/ ^ ,'^. ///////.- 
 
 (pick). 
 
 
. AUl'KXTUY. .inlNKUY, TUENINO, WC, 29 
 
 Axli 1 ul' a circular saw, bclan yol an ha 
 
 Dai- of wood, division of a window, 
 
 .. (perpendicular), gaz-kharrd \ 
 
 ,, (cross), 
 
 ., (of a door), arr-danddd\&^\, aghal ^\, billl 
 
 Barrel, plpa Lo 
 
 Beam, (main) shah-tlr^^, latthd l^i! 
 
 ,, (transverse) or joist, farshat-i Wianah ^1=^ c^-i^j 
 
 (upper or roof), pdldrl ^J^, pcUarjfo 
 
 Bench for tools, karigaron hi mez y^ ^J> ^^j^, addd |j| 
 
 Bit (steel) and borer, barmd ispdt ha l 
 
 Blind, screen, andhdrl ^Ujj 
 
 Block, kundak lakrrl ka, 
 
 Block, pulley, ghinnl ^j, ghirnl ,j 
 
 ,, (single), ghirnl ekharl 
 
 (double), ghirnl doharl 
 
 ,, (treble), ghirnl teharl v^-o iJ 
 
 Board, plank, (small) taM^ ,5^^ ta^vtah 
 
 Boarding, planking, (v. karnd U^), taMah-bandl cjjco 
 
 Bolt or bar of a door (wooden), arrdanddd \ Jo j 
 
 (iron), ^7^ ^^1^, kulabah <bL, chittkanl 
 
 (screw), kdblah 
 
 (sliding), chittkanl or chuttkanl 
 
 Borer, auger, barmah 
 
 ,, (bow and string of a native), kamdnl 
 
 Brace and bit, of an auger, barmd 
 
 Brace-frame, , jdrrd barmd 
 
 Brad, &J J^, 
 
 Brad-awl , 
 Caisson, sanduk ndstah bunydd he 
 
 Carpenter, joiner, 
 
 I nr ad-yar 
 
30 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Carpentry, najdrl ^j\sf?, darudyari 
 
 Carpenter's tool bench, mez kdngaron he \&* 
 ,, tool box, sanduk auzdr hi 
 
 level, "taktaki 
 
 square, gunyd 
 
 rule, tlnfuttd & ( ^ ! j ) dofuttd l 
 
 .J 
 
 anksl 
 
 Catch for a door, 
 
 Casement, 
 
 Cement, paste, 
 
 Chalk for writing with, 
 
 ,, pipe-clay, 
 Chest, 
 
 ,, (small), 
 Chick, screen, 
 
 Chips, shavings (also filings), tutan 
 Chisel (medium), 
 
 (broad), 
 
 (narrow), 
 
 (small, thick and narrow), 
 
 (socket or mortice), 
 
 (small round edged), 
 Circular saw, 
 
 T, dnkrrl cj^oT, kunddl 
 jharokhd 
 nishdstah 
 katthmt 
 kharrl 
 sanduk 
 mndukchali 
 
 chik 
 
 ttukrrd, purzah tj^ \Jxj 
 rukham b 
 patta&l 
 
 \& 
 
 \^J 
 
 choursd 
 choursl 
 
 girdu L 
 gol-dri 
 
 yol-arl kd belun LJ 
 
 
 or 
 
 sanduk 
 
 (axle of), 
 
 Clamp of metal, 
 
 Coffer-dam, (sort of box of wood *) ( 
 
 or stone used as), ) v. 
 
 Coffin, 
 
 Coffin-maker, undertaker, tabftt-gar 
 
 Cog of a wheel (also a notch), khunttl ^^f ddntl ^>\^ 
 
 Compasses (pair of), /><ny/ar ^, parlf(l.rj j > t 
 
 <-^y^> 
 sz>\3 
 
il'KNTKY. jnlNKin . TI'KMNC. fffC, 
 
 .'II 
 
 Cramp, press, 
 
 Curb under a well-ring, mm-chak 
 
 Door (a), 
 
 (leaf of a), shutter, patt 
 
 Door rail, or transverse framing of, 
 
 shikanjah 
 ++j,jdkhan 
 rrj]^, kercdrr j\^ 
 ^, palld'L, palrrd \J\j 
 khurjl 
 
 (bolt or bar of), 
 Door-frame, 
 Door-catch, 
 Door-latch, 
 
 Doors (folding), a pair of, 
 Dovetail, tenon, 
 Drawer, till, 
 Dry-rot, 
 Dust (saw), 
 Edge of a tool, 
 
 ,, (straight), 
 Fan or punkah, 
 Felling-axe (large), 
 ,, (small), 
 File, 
 
 ,, (coarse), a rasp, 
 
 for saw setting, 
 Flat, level, 
 Floor, 
 
 (terraced), 
 Flooring, 
 Fly-wheel (a), 
 
 Fold of a door or shutter, also a door, 
 Folding doors (a pair of), 
 
 aghal j\, arr-danddd \&4j\, billi 
 
 choukhatt cU^^ 
 kunddl 
 
 yarra 
 jorrl 
 chul 
 golak 
 
 gjiun 
 burada 
 
 , bum \j 
 dhdrj\a>j 
 
 gaz j>, 
 
 pankali 
 
 tabar^j, kulhdrra \j 
 /mrram Jj\j>, kulkdrrl 
 
 retl 
 kdnus fj*>f>^, sohdn , 
 
 kanasl 
 
 bardbar^]^, hamrcar 
 tah ti , farsh 
 
 gach , pakkcLfar.sh \J>j 
 farsh ^j, tali 
 pahiya Mardd kd K j]^ 
 kervdrr 
 jorrl 
 
 Framing of a door, or transverse rail, 
 Frame of a door or window, 
 
 khurjl 
 chaukhatt 
 
THESAURUS OP TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 jarrd barma I 
 Mat hash ,^ 
 
 barmah Li, barma 
 
 Frame (a brace), 
 Gauge, 
 
 Gimlet, with bow and string,) 
 auger, brace and bit,) 
 
 ,, (bow and string of a native), kamanl 
 
 Glass, or sand-paper, lal-tao jlf $>, reg-mal JU 
 
 Glue, sares <*+> .~), saresh />uu ^ 
 
 w >\j - w >v 
 
 Gouge, girdao rukhani, tj,\jj ^j*> birka nihani <Jl^J l^-j 
 
 Grind-stone, 
 Gum, 
 Gum-lac, 
 Gun-carriage, 
 Haft, handle, 
 Hammer, 
 
 Handle, helve, haft, 
 Hand-barrow, 
 Hand-saw, 
 Hand-spike, 
 Hatchet, small axe, 
 Hinge (a), 
 Hinges (pair of), 
 Hone (also a whetstone), 
 Hook, catch, tenter, 
 Inch, 
 
 Indented, notched, ddnti parr-gay u Lf Jj 
 
 ,, (to become), danft paprna \ty 
 
 Jail, prison, >l<ln J\^j, kaid-Jdanah <0lr ^-Jj 
 
 Joint, join, 
 
 Joist, licam (transverse), far,<daf-/-/,/_<fi//<(k ajU 
 
 Key, JfUli ,J^, kllid &^, tali J\J 
 
 /,/!/< if kl-fli., 
 
 of). i>nliiyt~i l-Jtardd I;<1 
 
 san ^ _ 
 
 gond Ju 
 
 lakh ^iS, lak tl 
 arabah &\j\, garri top ki ^ < 
 
 mwftA ^fU,' dastah te. 
 martol JyjU, hattorri 
 mutth ,^U, dastah 
 manjhi _ 
 
 ^ 
 
 kanddi ^-juli 
 kurrdrri t_?J^^> kulharri 
 
 kabzult. 
 jorrd kabzah kd l <JL*iJ 
 
 s?/^ JL-J, patthari ^ 
 dnksi , ^IjT, dnkrri 
 
CAHl'KNTKY. JOINBBY, TURNING, ETC. l]l\ 
 
 Latch of a door, garrd 
 
 L'uf of a door, patt jji-o, parrd 
 
 Level (carpenter's), taktakl 
 
 Lock of a door, tdld ^U, kufl Jjijj, 
 
 Mallet, mogrd \y*, kottd-pall ^J 
 
 Mortice and tenon, dovetail, chul 
 
 Mortising chisel, ckaursl 
 
 Monlding, jkirl 
 
 ,, (rebating plane for), kor ka randci \>j 
 Nail (a), (small) kilo, Lf, jor^y c^^J, / 
 Nave of a wheel, ^a/^, yapahiya ka, dumbdlali dLj j l Ly L 
 
 Nippers, pincers, chimttd l:U^, chwittd li 
 
 Notch, dent, rfaw 
 
 Notched, indented (as tools, etc.), dantl parr-gaya LSjj 
 
 Pair (as of doors, etc.), jorrl 
 
 (of compasses), pargar j^, parkar 
 
 Panel (of a door), dilha 
 
 Paper (sand), reg-mdl JU 
 
 ,, (glass), 
 Paste, 
 
 Pile (wooden), gdrrhncy kl karri ^^> J" 
 
 Pile-driver, mudidk 
 
 Pincers, nippers, diimttd l:U^-, dnmtta, 
 
 Pipe, ^a/ JJ 
 
 Pipe-clay, chalk, katthinl ( j^ ) kharrl ^* 
 
 Plane (a), randd \^Jj 
 
 ,, (rebating), kor kd randd \\tij \ j 
 
 (rebating for mouldings), jAm ^a mwc?a Ij 
 
 ,, (rebating for round edges), golcjn-randd 
 
 Plank, (planking, taJchtak-bandl 
 
 Pole of a jlifun, or well-sinker's instrument, baUljkdm kl ^J p\#>- 
 
34 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 shikanjah A. 
 
 xij, kaid-khdnah ajU 
 chuftd 
 
 ghinnl ^*, gldrnl 
 ghirnl chharl 
 ghirnl doharl 
 
 ghirnl teharl 
 
 Press, cramp, 
 
 Prison, a jail, zinddn 
 
 Prop, support, 
 
 Pulley or block, 
 
 (single), 
 
 (double), 
 
 (treble), 
 Rebate or rabbet, a rectangular recess or groove cut x 
 
 longitudinally in a piece of timber to receive the f 
 
 / patdm 
 edge of a plank, or other work required to fit into i 
 
 it, as a door frame, etc. 
 
 Rebating plane for mouldings, jliirl hd randd 
 
 Ridge-pole, (of a cottage, balenddd 
 
 Rope ladder, 
 
 Rubbish, chips, shavings, etc. tutan 
 Rule (carpenter's), (3-foot) tlnfuttd 
 Sand-paper, 
 Saw (hand), 
 
 (large), 
 
 ,, (circular), 
 
 ,, (axle of circular saw), 
 
 (tooth of), 
 Saw-dust, 
 Screw, or screw nail, 
 
 ,, (worm of a), marrorrl^ 
 
 Screw-driver, (in Dekhan, marrorrl ?]*}"\ peek-hash J$ 
 Sealing-wax, gum lac, /"/// ^ N J, Idh 
 
 Setting a saw (file for), handsl ^ 
 
 To set a saw, ddntl nihdlnd 
 
 Sheave (single)., ti block ) 
 or pulley), ) 
 
 '* 
 
 \>- 
 
 kamand 
 ttukrrd-purzah 
 (2-foot) dofuttd lilj 
 reg-mdl JU <*. 
 drl c 
 kardnt c^Jl^, am 
 
 gol-drl jj 
 fo/aw ^0/ an /(-a l ^' 
 
 daw# ^ 
 
 burddd \\j t bum 
 pench -A-J, j00dt 
 
 ,. 
 gltirnl 
 
CARPENTRY, .JolNJ'ltY, TURNINC. BTC, 
 
 Sheave (double), 
 ,, (treble), 
 
 Sill of a door or window, 
 Sinew used for filling cracks in wood, 
 Sliding-bolt, 
 
 ghirnl doharl 
 ghirni tekarl 
 
 chuttkanl 
 
 nijaf uJlsr 
 pae \j 
 
 gunya 
 sikri 
 barma ispdt ka 
 
 , , 
 
 ROtthi ya, sanduk 
 
 patthar san 1m \<> ^ 
 
 sill 
 
 patthrl 
 , mistir 
 birinjl 
 
 Socket chisel, chaursl 
 
 Splinter (wood), Kirch 
 
 Square (carpenter's or mason's), 
 
 Staple of a lock, bolt, etc. 
 
 Steel bit, 
 
 Stone or wooden box usedl 
 
 as a sort of coffer-dam^ / 
 Stone (grind), 
 
 ,, (whet), 
 
 (hone), 
 
 Straight edge (a), gaz j> 
 
 Tack, small nail, 
 Tenon, dovetail, 
 Timber, chob <^, fakrrl ^^jfl, lakarr ^ 
 
 ,, (sling carriage 1 7 7 7 7 ,.,^ , , .. , 
 
 >latthl utthaney kl gam ,cvb . Juj.) . ^ 
 tor), a wain, J - J ^ 7 ^ 
 
 Tire of a wheel, dhul 
 Tool-bench (carpenter's), karlyaron kl mezj** 
 
 Tools, instruments, auzair j\\, hatiyar 
 
 Tooth of a saw, ddnt-l 
 
 Transom, pattotan 
 
 Turning-lathe, kharat L^, Mardd 
 
 ,, (wheel of), pahiyd ftharad ka ' 
 
 Wainscot, boarding, takhtah-bandl 
 
 Wax (bees), mom 
 
36 
 
 THESAURUS OP TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 drah gaz 
 dhul 
 
 Wax (sealing), lakh 
 
 Wedge, 
 
 Wheel (cart, etc.) ply a LJ, chdk cJU-, pahiya 
 
 ,, (of a turning-lathe) ^ahiyd^ydpiyd ~khardd lid l J^~u LJ 
 (fly), piyd LJ, ji?a%a L^j 
 
 (axle of), axletree, dhurl cj^^S dhura V 
 
 ,, (nave of), chdk, yd pahiya kd dumbdlah ^SLjj l^ L^J b c 
 (spoke of), 
 (tire of), 
 (yoke), 
 
 Whetstone, 
 
 Windlass or crab, 
 
 Window-sash, 
 
 Window-bar or division, 
 
 Wood, timber, 
 
 Wooden or stone box open at the ends,1 
 used as a sort of coffer-dam, / 
 
 Wooden bar (perpendicular) of a window), 
 
 Worm of a screw, 
 
 Yoke of a wheel, a yoke, 
 
 charkhljham kl 
 
 chob 
 
 lakrrl 
 
 pnra 
 
 gaz 
 j lakarr 
 
 or kotthl jp 
 sanduk , 
 
 gaz-hliarra \^ 
 marrorrl 
 
 jud \ 
 
 VIL-EARTHWORK, EMBANKMENTS, FORTIFICATIO] 
 
 AND FIELDWORKS, CANALS, RAILROADS, ROADS, 
 
 MINING, HUSBANDRY, ETC. 
 
 Axe (pick), 
 
 (native) kudal 
 
 ra 
 
 Approaches, 
 
 Bag for water (leathern) slung on the shoulders, 
 
 (leathern) for Imllocks, etc. (a pair). 
 
 mashk 
 
 pakltil 
 
*, band Aij, pushtah ajJLj 
 
 ankattd 
 hath-gdrrl ^cjl? 
 
 manjkl 
 partald chamrrey kd l 
 
 EARTHWORK. BMBANKMENT8, FORTIFICATION, ETC. 
 
 , f bdndk 
 Bank, dike, embankment, 
 
 Harrow (wlicel), 
 (hand), 
 
 (belt used with), 
 Basket (large), 
 
 (small), ttokrl 
 
 ,, (small and shallow), palrrd Jj-lj, palld L 
 
 Bastion, rampart, sadd &~>, bdr-o-dlwdr 
 
 Battery, morchah 
 
 Battery (raised), damdamah 
 
 Belt worn by barrow-men, partdl chamrrey kd l c^'Us 
 
 Bill-hook, dd'o j\J 
 
 Billet of wood, kundah x Jc^, kattd ls 
 
 Boring instrument (for the ground), barmah zamm kd li jj^j <^/ 
 
 Breach (a), bugdrd \jUj, bughdr J\M 
 
 ,, (by a cannon ball), ttorrjfi 
 
 Bucket (leathern), ^0/ J^5 
 
 ,, (large leathern) for a well, purjy , prohd l^j, charas 
 
 ,, ,, with trunk or spout, mutt <JL>y*, muthah 
 
 ^small leathern), ddolchl 
 
 (wooden), apail (small, taghdrl^\*3}, taghdrj&j, bdltt 
 
 ,, (wheel or pulley used with 
 
 the charas or leathern 
 
 well bucket), 
 
 ,, pulley (large) or wheel for a) 7 . . ^ ,, 
 
 ? ghirm ,jrfi, bhaun ^& 
 
 well, used with the charas, J 
 
 Buckets (string of, for Persian wheel), jel J-sj- 
 
 Bundle of wood, faggot, fascine, kattd \2 
 
 Bullock, baldl ^f^, bail J-j 
 
 Bullock-cart for heavy loads, larrhyd l-Ajl, chhakrrd 
 
 (two bullock), gdrri 
 
 or bhunwar _/jJj# 
 pahiyd charas kd li 
 
38 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Bullock-cart (four bullock), gam chou baldl 
 
 Bulwark, bastion, bar-o-dmar 
 
 Buttress, dike, embankment, band j^j, bandh J&jjlj, pushtah ij 
 
 Camp, lashkarjjd, lashkar-gdh 
 
 (intrenched), morchal Jl>^^, saldbat kunchah 
 Canal, nahr 
 
 Cavalier, raised battery, damdamah 
 
 Carriage (gun), top kl gam ^jf^ ^ 
 
 Cart (light wheeled carriage), ardb'ah &\j\ 
 
 ,, (bullock) for heavy loads, chhakrrd \j&>~, gdrrl ^jj 
 
 ,, (different) larrhyd d 5 ;! 
 
 ,, (two bullock), gam do-baldl f^ *^ 
 
 ,, (four bullock), gam chou-baldl ^s^> f>- 
 
 Cartman, carter, (jdm-rcan ^ oj^? gam-ban 
 
 Cistern, small tank, chah-bachah te <^, hauz 
 
 Counter-scarp, fasll ^^:, arrtala 
 
 Crow-bar, hadlmali & 
 
 Curtain (in fortification) arrtala 
 
 Delve, mattock, phaorrd \"j\&, bd-ehak &jr?t, bd 
 
 To delve, khodnd 
 
 Delving, khod-i ^ 
 
 Dibble for digging grass, khurpd b 
 
 Dike, embankment, ankatta lii^jl, pushtah d^io, bund 
 
 Ditcli, trench, moat, (natural, generally khal \\)t klandak j 
 Earth, soil, intlTi or malU 
 
 Earthwork, mittl or maijl kl khodal 
 
 Embankment, dike, p-uxhlah bawll o^ ^i*j, 
 To cxcavntc. 
 
 ! 
 
 niivvv 
 Kascinc. t'n^ot, 
 . l;iyrc. s 
 
EARTHWORK, EMBANKMENTS, FORTIFICATION, ETC. 39 
 
 Fork (pitch-, three-pronged), jandda \J~,jandra 
 
 ( ,, live-pronged), pa&an#la 
 
 Fosse, moat, ditch, 1 , ,,_>_ t , X N 77 > 7 7 
 
 Hnatural, generally kha i ^\), Khandak j&* 
 
 Fusee (match), falltah t 
 
 Gabion, orra \j^\, yadi 
 
 Gang, or help, of excavators, maddad 
 
 ,, (overseer of a), ftandtld J^.cL'J 
 
 Glacis, pushtali fcJ^j 
 
 Gravel, pebble, or concrete (used 1 , , / / i i / ^ 
 
 > hanhan ^jS^, hankar * 
 in metalling roads), J 
 
 Ground, soil, mittl or mattl 
 
 (sandy or light), bhur 
 
 Ground-square, yuniya, L 
 Gun-carriage, arabah &\j\, gtirri top Id ^ c >^3 ^ 
 
 Handle, haft, dastah <tJj, muttli 
 
 Harrow, hcngci \~ 
 
 Heap, ddher j*&3, aitam ^3 
 
 Help, or gang, of excavators, maddad JJ^ 
 
 (overseer of a), ttanddel Jj JL 
 
 Helve, haft, dastah te~t, mutth aJ 
 
 Hill, ^// Jj, pu.vktak d^^uj 
 
 Hook (bill), d# j| 
 
 ,, (reaping), hansiya Luui^, darantl ^J\j 
 
 Husbandman, /^^^ L5 ~, kisht-kar JZM, muzuricc 
 Husbandry, tdsht-kari oj&-^, zim-ceat 
 
 Instrument for raising water by means of a "1 , ,, 7 . 
 
 J ^ cUhcnkll 
 
 sort of lever, J 
 
 Intrenched, [ 
 C 
 
 khoda hud 
 morchal la a Iiud 
 
 Intrenchmcnt. 
 
 gar 
 
40 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 } 
 
 Intrenchment (lines of), 
 approaches, etc. 
 
 Intrenching tools, ] 
 
 Intrenched camp, salabat kunchah 
 Layer, stratum, fold, 
 Leather bag for water (for a man), 
 Leathern bags (pair for a bullock), 
 Leather buckets of sorts (see Buckets). 
 
 Lines of intrench- "I . , . 7 7 7 ;> 
 > salabat kunchah <LS J & 
 ment, J ' 
 
 Linstock (see Match), 
 
 Load, 
 
 Match, linstock, fusee, 
 
 Mattock, 
 
 (well sinker's, 
 
 hathyar ya auzar morchal khoda i he 
 
 mor-ddl 
 
 tali 
 
 mashk 
 pakkal Jl 
 
 7 _, 
 morchal 
 
 ,, , spade, or shovel, 
 
 ,, (sort of dibble), 
 Measure, extent, measurement, 
 Measure (a), 
 Measuring rod, 
 
 ,, (six foot), 
 
 (ten foot), 
 
 Mine, also a quarry, macedan ^ 
 
 (shaft of a), 
 Mineral (adj.), 
 Mineral (a), 
 Moat, 
 Mound raised round land, dike, 
 
 ,, (raised battery '. 
 Navvy, excavator. 
 
 bar jb 
 torra \*y, fall tuft 
 
 phaorrd \';J 
 
 jha/rn *\ 
 (small) belchah ^--, be? 
 khoditl J?^j 
 L- a Jail 
 
 pain 
 
 gaz dtha-futta cUi 
 gaz das-futta 
 hhCm ^l^, ///. 
 
 kkdn-khcM 
 kam J.'^, ma&danl J. 
 
 push t ah AiAj, l< 
 
 datndamah 
 
 bel-da 
 
KAKTinvnilK. KM 1JA X K M !< NTS, I'n KT1 Fl CATION, ETC. 41 
 
 Overseer, inspector, *<u--ltung L-&J*J~*, darogjiah ^j\j 
 
 of a gang- or help, ttanddel Jj JLS 
 
 Palisade, railing, kalthgharci \j&> katfkara \ J g$ 
 
 Pannier, basket, orra \jj\ 
 
 Parapet, muMer j>&* , fa&ll J-a9 
 
 Pass, passage in a mountain, approach to a river, (/haft <JL>\ 
 
 Peblile. gravel, hankarl ^j^, kanhar J>J* 
 
 Peg or pin of wood, kltunttl \J&)&> mekh *** 
 
 Persian-wheel, a wheel for drawing water, haratt ci^, rahatt cU&j 
 ,, (string of buckets or pots for), jel J-o*- 
 
 Pick, pickaxe, (small) hudall ( J\^ ) kudal J!j, gyntl ^/ 
 
 Pitchfork (three-pronged), jandrd \j**>* , jand&a \3^>- 
 
 ,, (five-pronged), pachangl 
 
 LM1 1 '-engine, muckak 
 
 Pile, balll. Jj, gharrney Id karri ^ ^J <z=>j^, karri ^ 
 
 Plough, kulbah <uij, lial ^ 
 
 (yoke of), juh *^ 
 
 Pullev (large) or wheel used with the "I ... : S LI 
 
 gJarm Jjf f bhaun ^& 
 charas for a well, J 
 
 Railing, palisade, katth-ghara \jf^ f katfhara \j 
 
 Railway, sarrak ahanl ^b 
 
 Rake, "jell 
 
 Rammer for earth, durmas (j*+j* ^, diirmat c 
 
 Rampart, fasll 
 
 Reaping-hook, hansiya U**^Jb, darantl ^ 
 
 Redoubt, kilceachak 
 
 Reeds (bundle of), fascine, katta \& 
 
 Road, roadway, sarrak (JJr~> 
 Rod (measuring), 
 
 six-foot, gaz chhafutta cUs 
 
 ten-foot. y&z das fuUa <JL*i 
 
THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 } 
 > 
 
 J 
 
 , 
 burnt 
 
 ghararah 
 > kkak-andaz j\&>\ 
 
 42 
 
 Rope (thick) used with the charas OT 
 , r 
 leathern well bucket, 
 
 Sack, bag, 
 
 (large), 
 
 Shovel, spade, bel J-j, khodnl 
 Shovel (well-sinker's), 
 Sandy ground or land, 
 To sap, nakab mama UjU c^Ju, naghm khodnd \j^ +*J 
 
 Slope, nashcb t-^uj, salami ^Lj, d#M/ JU5 
 
 Spell, trip, turn, 
 
 Spade, shovel, JJiak-andaz j\&>\ 
 Square (a ground), 
 Stratum, layer, 
 Tape (tracing, coarse), 
 Tracing (a), 
 
 ^/ J-j, khodnl 
 
 guniya 
 
 nircarj\y, 
 dagh-bel 
 
 Tool (flat wooden) for beating and smoothing earthwork, thapl 
 
 i ,, (small), 
 
 Trench, (natural, generally khal 
 
 Trip, spell, turn, 
 Unladen (as a cart), 
 To unload or unlade, 
 
 Water-bag (leathern) for a man's shoulder, 
 Water-bags for a bullock, etc. 
 Water-carrier, sakkd ULa, bihishtl 
 
 ,, (on bullock's back), pakhdll _ 
 
 Water (machine for raising, on the lever principle), ddhen/dl L5 &~J* J 
 Water-bucket (large leathern) for a well, char as ^ 
 
 Water (string of buckets or earthern pots for), jel 
 
 Wheel for drawing water (called al , 
 
 J> karati ^r*. rahaU 
 Persian wheel), 
 
 thapkl 
 kkandak J 
 hhep 
 ubhra \ 
 utarna Uj 
 mashk 
 pakhdl J 
 
METAL?, PRECIOUS STONES, CHEMICALS, ETC. 43 
 
 Windlass, winch, crab or crane, manjamk LJX~.=srU, mahut c 
 Wooden bucket, pail, tagharl u^Ujf, bdlUl 
 
 Wooden instrument for beating and smoothing earthwork, 
 
 (small), thapkl 
 
 METALS, PRECIOUS STONES, CHEMICALS, ETC, 
 
 Acid (nitric), aquafortis, tcz-db s->7j-J 
 
 | ruh-i aazam Jacl ^, ruh -^ 
 
 (sulphuric), vitriol, \ ~ V J J J 
 
 gandak ka ceatr J&s. Is cliJc^ 
 
 Agate, plr-pattan ^l^j ^-j, garj, sang-iyashm JH^^^S^ 
 Alkali, potash, kharj( 
 
 Alloy of copper and tin, kdnsah <tuo If 
 
 ,, of several metals, kaskutt^L* 
 
 Alum, phattakarrl ^jy&fy phittkari ^J&Q, zaj-safed JUA-J -.Ij 
 Antimony, surmak tU^-j, /^^ J^r 
 
 Aquafortis, nitric acid, tez-db L-?T J-3 
 
 Arsenic (white), sankhid 
 
 ,, (yellow), orpiment, hartal Jl^fc, zarnlk 
 
 Bell-metal, ro'ln Jfjj, ajzdahat c 
 
 Borax, tinkar j&3, burak j^j, sohdgd 
 
 Brass, (adj. ^n'^ ^j^j), imw/ ^j>,pltal jlo 
 
 Brimstone, sulphur, gandak C 
 
 Calx, scoria of copper, tameswar 
 
 Carbonate of soda (impure), natron, 
 Camelian, ceakik-i-jigarl 
 
 Cinnabar, sulplmret of mercury, \ isrinj * 
 
 verinilliori, xhan 
 
 Copper, mis L ^*, tdmba LjU 
 
 Copper and tin alloy, kdnsah 
 
44 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Copper (sulphate of), blue-stone,^ 
 
 or blue vitriol, / 
 
 Copperas, sulphate of iron, 1 
 
 or green vitriol, J 
 
 Coral, 
 Diamond, 
 
 (dust), 
 
 (glazier's), 
 ,, (cut in facets like), 
 Emerald, 
 Emery, 
 Gold, 
 Gold-leaf, 
 Iron, 
 
 (adj.), of iron, 
 
 ,, (pig, or in the mass), 
 
 (bar), 
 
 (flat), 
 
 (sheet), 
 
 ,, (sulphate of), copperas, 
 
 (rod), 
 
 (hoop), 
 
 (untempered), kach 
 
 (hard kind of), 
 Iron mine, 
 1 1-011 wire, 
 
 Lapis calaniinaris, tutanag, 
 Lead, 
 
 (black), 
 Leaden, of lead, 
 Martial vitriol (ferri 
 
 mlna 
 
 tutiya Ljy, nlla tota Ijy 
 Ilia thotJta lf>^f> 
 kasls y^, zaj 
 bassad J^j, marjan ^ 
 
 hlra \j+b, al-mas 
 al-mas tar ash 
 kalam hlrey kl 
 
 -loh'tya 
 
 warak-i-tilal 
 
 ahan ^T, loha 
 ahanl ^^T, loliiya 
 loha sarrl ^^ 
 loha choukor j*z. 
 
 loha chaptta 
 loha chadu.rl 
 
 kasls IJJ++M&, zaj 
 loli a gol J^ 
 loha kundla 
 kach-lohl 
 jxn/hal J 
 
 b, 
 
 loh-sar 
 
 loha tar j\j 
 
 shlsh 
 surb-% 
 
METALS. PUKriors SToNKS. ( ' !I I'M 1 ( 'A LS, KTC. 
 
 4.0 
 
 , load- 
 
 stone, 
 iM""ivnry, quicksilver, 
 Metal, 
 
 (bell), 
 Mine (a), 
 
 ., (shaft of a), 
 Mineral (adj.), 
 Mineral (a), ore, 
 Mica, talc, 
 Nitric acid, aquafortis, 
 
 Oil of vitriol, sulphuric acid, 
 
 Ore, mineral, 
 
 Orpiment, yellow arsenic, 
 
 Pewter, 
 
 Porphyry, 
 
 Potash, alkali, 
 
 Quicksilver, mercur 
 
 Sal-ammoniac, 
 
 Sapphire, 
 
 Sheet iron, 
 
 Silver, 
 
 Soda (impure carbonate of), natron, 
 
 Steel (adj.), made of, 
 
 Steel, 
 
 ,, (kind of native), 
 (tough description of), 
 (hard kind of), 
 
 Sulphur, brimstone, 
 
 _ 7 
 ~t, ahan-ruod b, Jbl 
 
 s r tm-ab c >T *--:, par ah tj\j 
 
 fitizz JJJ, rfMft 
 rom ^^j, ajzdahat 
 macedan jjJ^^, 
 khankhar 
 macedanl <J.x*,- 
 filizz~^, dhatt cl?lfcj 
 talk <jib, blturral Jj^ 
 tez-ab c_jT J-o, toz& t^-'^-j 
 
 ruh-i-acezam +&z\ _. , 
 
 ' .r, e 
 gandah ka ceatr jas. \S 
 
 filizz ^, dhatt 
 zarnikh ^jjj, hartal 
 rup-jast ^^^^- L-jj,jastah <& 
 sang-i-sumah Ll 
 
 s~tm-db <^J\ 
 nausadar 
 
 am !jb, 
 
 , noshadar 
 phattar 
 faha-chadarl 
 nukrah ^JLJ, chandl 
 
 fuladl 
 /g/ 
 
 hlierrl 
 
 Lj 
 
 paghal 
 gandak cLSAif 
 
46 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 ( tcz-ab-i-gandak d 
 
 Sulphuric acid, oil of vitriol, gandak ka ceatr J&z If t 
 
 ' rUh-i-acezam &s. 
 
 Talc, mica, talk jil?, bhurral 
 
 Tin, rang <j\j> fcalacel 
 
 Touchstone (a), kasauttl Jjj^, kasana ULuf 
 
 Tutanag, zinc, dasta bo 
 
 Tutty, tutiya Uy 
 
 ,., ., r 11. .1 ( gandak ka ceatr .kc 
 
 Vitriol, or oil of, sulphuric acid, { ^~ 
 
 ruli-i-acBzam 
 
 (blue), sulphate of \ Ilia, tkothd l^j^j LS, 
 
 copper, ) 
 
 (green), sulphate of iron, kasls u~*, zaj " !j 
 
 (white), sulphate of zinc, so/kZ ^ra; j JUA-J 
 
 (martial), kasis 
 
 Wire (copper), tdr-i-mis-l ^^ j\j, tar tanba ka 
 
 (iron), tdr-i-ahan-l" ^b\ j\j, tar loha ka 
 
 ,, (silver), tar-i-nukral LwjlS, ^ar chandl ka If 
 
 L V 
 
 y*^ 
 Ljb' jl>' 
 UJ ,lj 
 
 Zinc, jast e^u*s-, dasta l^J 
 
 (sulphate of), white vitriol, zaj-i-sa/ed j^i- -lj 
 
 IX.-MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES IN COMMON USE. 
 
 Awl, sutarl 3}^, darosh u^jj^, naharnl 
 
 Bag (large), a sack, gon u , thaila L 
 
 (small), thaill 
 
 ,, for fly of a tent, shalltah te 
 
 for tent walls, garara 
 
 Balance scales (a pair), tarazu jj\j5, takkarl 
 
 (one scale of), palrra \^j, 
 
MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES IN COMMON USE. 47 
 
 Barrel, cask, plpa Ly 
 
 Bladder, phukna 
 
 Bucket, tub, or pail (of wood), j ta ^ Sr >' 
 
 (small) tagkan 
 
 Burning matter, angdrah *j\ 
 
 Cane, rattan, &# ^-^> ^^ ^-^^ 
 
 Canvas, #<z# <JL>i!l 
 
 Cask, barrel, plpa Uo 
 
 Catgut, Twfa^ yj^, ^aw^ u^olj 
 
 Cauldron, cleg ^jJ, karrah *\jf, karral \j* 
 
 Cloth (coarse), sort of canvas, ^ac^ c5^l^ 
 
 sackcloth or coarse canvas, ttdtt cL>l'j 
 
 Cocoon, also the silk-worm, pelah <d.y 
 
 Cotton cloth (coar.se), gcirra Ijflf, 
 
 (thicker and with two threads), dosufl 
 
 (coarse red), kkarwci 
 
 Crab or windlass, charkhijham kl ^J +{#> ^j* 
 
 Creeper, climber, i 
 
 (twig of), used in basket-making, ) ' 
 
 Crook, drag, etc., ankorra 
 
 Dish (flat brass), kind of tray, tabak j 
 
 Drag, grappling iron, etc., ankorra 
 
 Egg, andda liil 
 
 Fat, tallow, grease, plh <uj, ^ 
 Flax (Linum usitatissimum), 
 Funnel, purnl J^, chonga j 
 
 Grease, fat, etc., charbi 
 
 Grappling iron, a drag, ankorra 
 
 Gugglet, surahl 
 
 Gum of the Cratseva, or yEgle Marmelos, bel 
 
 Hide, charsa 
 
 Hook (bill), d 
 
48 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Hook (fish), (Dakhan) gal jf, kanttiya L-lif, kantta Isjlf 
 
 (tent), phall hash (jtf ^^ 
 
 Hose or leather pipe, nal chhamrrey ka If ^_j^>- Jj 
 
 Jar, gugglet, surdkl , ^^ 
 
 Leather, chamrra \ 
 
 ,, (pipe or hose), nal chamrrey ka If 
 
 Loom, 
 
 Mallet for driving tent pegs, mekh-cho 
 
 Matting, bony a b^y, chatta'l ^^> 
 
 (made from reeds or grass), chattal patter hi 
 
 made from palm leaves, \ ^f ^ ' _ " . ^ 
 
 L matta i khajtir or ^o^2 hi 
 
 Milk, 
 
 (butter), dogh i.j, ckhadih 
 
 (curdled), 
 ,, (sour), rennet, 
 Mill-stone, also hand-mill, 
 Mucilaginous seeds, 
 Needle, 
 
 ,, (packing), 
 Oil, 
 
 ,, (cocoa-nut), -mirn/al ha id J-J' 
 
 ,, (linseed), ^/>v /v7 ^-/ J.J 
 
 ,, (mustard), sorafiM /v7 /<'/ J.J 
 
 of the plant Til, til ka tcl JuJ If Jj 
 
 ,, of the wild mustard, In hi l-a tct J-J If ^U 
 
 of the Turra, a sort of tare, ////vv7. k<i frl J-j If ly 
 
 Oven, tanur j^j, tand&r jjAiJ 
 
 Pail, bucket, tub, balm ^b, (small 1<i;/h<lri ^;\*3), tayhar j(*j 
 
 Paper, L'fitjhaz iXclf 
 
 ,, (half ream of), y^//// /v/y////r // ^f jkilf ^5^ 
 
MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES IN CUMMoN USE. 
 
 49 
 
 Peg or pin (tent). 
 Pitch, 
 
 Pot, small cooking vessel, 
 
 Pumice-stone, 
 
 Rennet, sour milk, 
 
 Rust, 
 
 Scales (pair of), 
 
 ,, (one scale) 
 Steelyard, 
 Strap (a) 
 Sack, 
 
 Saucer (copper), a plate, 
 Tallow, fat, grease, 
 Tent (a), 
 
 (bags for walls of), 
 
 ( fly of), 
 Tent-hook, 
 Tent pegs or pins, 
 
 Thimble, 
 
 Tray, flat dish (brass), 
 
 Treacle, refuse of sugar, 
 
 Trivet, fire place, 
 
 Trough for cattle, 
 
 Tub, pail, balm 
 
 Vessel with two side handles, 
 ,, (small metal), cup, or bowl, 
 ,, (small glass or cup), 
 (earthen) in general, 
 
 with mouths, and 
 
 of different sizes 
 
 degcln ^s. ~ j, dcgchah dUsr^t 
 jhdma 
 jcLmctn 
 
 zang 
 takhari 
 , palarra ^b 
 
 tuli Jy 
 
 tasma 
 
 tarazu 
 
 palla 
 
 jurcal J\j^-, gon ^ 
 rikdbi ,j 
 
 plh <LJ, charbl ^ 
 kkaimah ^U-^, tambu ^J, derd 
 ghirdrcih *j\jC, gardrd 
 
 skaUtah <te 
 phall-kash 
 
 angushtan 
 
 tabak 
 shird 
 deg-ddn L 
 
 chur 
 
 (small, tay/tarl ojUi'), taghar 
 karrdhl ^ 
 kattora \ 
 nfj-khurd \j^ 
 kd bartan ^j l^ 
 tthiliya L1$!J, gharrd \$ 
 jdld y\&-, hdnddl 
 
50 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Vessel (earthen, large), mattka 
 
 (large, open), ndnd jJli, nod 
 
 badhnl , jjbjj, badhna 
 
 , n .,, , N 
 
 (small, with spout), 
 
 kurwa 
 
 (large oil), wpa L, kupa \ 
 
 (small), dabba 
 
 Vetch (kind of), ma^A ^U, ^rr<^ 
 
 Vinegar, sirkah 
 
 Wax (bee's), wc> 
 
 Weight for pair of scales (a) batt c!L>b 
 
 Weight, load, (a load, bojh ~p>-ji), rvazan ^jj, tol J^j 
 
 X-PAINTER'S AND GLAZIER'S WORK, 
 
 Azure blue, kabm 
 
 Black, kala 
 
 (lamp-) kajal J&-\, kajla iLs, 
 
 Blue, Ilia LJ, mla Lj 
 
 ,, (light or sky), midah x&jS. t uda \^\ 
 
 Brush (large), kucjn ^*-j*, kuncjn 
 
 ,, (small), also a pm. 
 Camphor, 
 
 Ceruse, safeda 
 Chalk, whiting, kharrl LJ), kharriya-miffi ^JL* bj^", katthinl 
 
 Colour, Tang 
 
 Coat of colour Mop L- 
 
 To colour, rangana 
 
 Colour (price of), rang a I v 
 
 Copal (gum), 'iandras 
 
 (varnish), roghan chandras ka \ 
 
I'AINTKUV AMI (JLA/IKUV \\UHK. ,") I 
 
 Dlifik flowers (used as a colour), tlsu key phul 
 
 I )i;nnoinl (<>-la/.i< r's). kalam hlrey kd If ^^ Jj> 
 
 Dragon's blood, damu-l-akhawain ^j&W f 
 
 Glass, kdnch -^lf, sJnshah 
 
 (pane of) alnah 
 
 ,, (window), khirrkl 
 
 Glazier's diamond, kalam hlrey ka 
 
 Green, sabz j~, hard \ 
 
 Gum (arabic), gond Ju 
 
 Gum benjamin, styrax benzoin, ceud 
 
 Indigo, nil J 
 
 Lead (red), ingur ^\, sandier jj 
 
 (sugar of), litharge, murdah-sang ^~i x^j*, hil 
 
 ,, (white), sqfeda 
 
 Linseed oil, alsl kd tel J-J l 
 
 Litharge, sugar of lead, murdah-sang fJL^' x^s*, h 
 
 Muller and stone for grinding paint, sil-battah & J-j, sil J~ 
 
 Ochre (red), glru ^/ 
 
 (yellow), multdnl mittl ^-U <Jl^L, pill mittl ^JL 
 
 Oil (linseed), ^ alsl ka tel Jj If 
 
 of turpentine, or spirits of, tarpan-tel J-J 
 
 Putty (glazier's), masdlik ^U 
 
 Red, 
 
 Red lead, Ingur 
 
 Red ochre, 
 
 Resin or rosin, rdl Jl. 
 
 Sal ammoniac, nausddar jjLy , naushddar j\J*y 
 
 Sandarach resin, roghan sandaros ^j&~i ^j 
 
 ,, gum anime, kahrubd b^f 
 
 Sky-blue, ^<^aA arjy:, w</a b^l 
 
 Stone for grinding colours (muller and stone, sil-battah & J-), 5?7 J-> 
 Styrax bfiixoin, 
 
THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERI 
 
 BTjJb 
 
 5 
 
 eTJJ 
 
 Sugar of lead, litharge, murdah-sang ^---- jj^, Ml Jjs> 
 
 Turpentine (common), gandah firozah sj^i 
 
 (spirits or oil of), tarpan-tel J.J ^ 
 
 Varnish, roghan ^ 
 
 Verdigris, zangdr j&j, putra'l ^J/J 
 
 Vermillion, sulphuret of mercury, zsra??; -ar,* 
 
 White lead, safedd \ *x-i 
 
 Whiting, chalk, kharriyd-mittl ^ 
 
 Yellow, zard Jjj, plld 
 
 Yellow ochre, multdnl mittl . JU jJlxL*, pill mittl . JL 
 
 L^ ' ' S^ 
 
 ,, (kind of), plorrl 
 
 XL-THATCHING, WITH ITS TOOLS AND MATERIALS. 
 
 battl 
 
 Bamboo, bans 
 
 ,, (piece of split) or two or three reeds tied to- 
 gether, which form the transverse portion of the 
 JuUIJ tthdttk, or bamboo framework. It is also used 
 for fastening down the grass to the under framework, 
 Bamboo frameworks, tthattkrl ijSj$, tthcitt cL'l^J, tthatth'h 
 Bundle or skein (of twine), dttl ^\, dnttl 
 
 Cord for fastening or pulling rafters in their places ") 
 until the roof is finished, 3 
 
 Fibre of san, pul 
 
 Flax or kind of nax from which ropes arc made, and dis- \ 
 t inguished from sannl, the coarser kind, by being white, | san 
 soft, and short, 
 
 Flax, i li<- inferior kind, long and coarse, sani ^ 
 
 Framework of bamboo on which tlr.itch is laid, tllnllth'h. <u!ll 
 
 for 
 
 tnulli i'Ju. 
 
THATCH I N<i, WITH ITS TOOLS AND MATERIA LS. 53 
 
 (coarse), kans ^K 
 
 of the Saccharuin cylindricum, ulu ^\ 
 
 .. (bundle of), (small pull ^J^j), pula ^ 
 
 .. (lirst layer of), 
 
 ,, from which string or rope is made, 
 Hank or skein of thread, dttl ^5, dnttl 
 
 Hi-nip, sari 
 
 Instrument used by thatchers, kanddasl ^*\3t t kanddasa 
 Mat (small), boriya 
 
 Matting, bony a \j, chattal \ 
 
 ,, (made from the sarkandda), sirkl 
 
 Matted or thatched door) 
 
 or shutter, | m&ar ^' &a&l ^'J 
 
 Rafters (pair of), or roof-truss, Jcenchl 
 
 ,, (cord for pulling and fastening the rafters j 
 in their places until roof is finished), ) 
 Eeed, also reeds (bundle of), fascine, blndd 
 
 (description of), particularly its \ ( sar-kandda\& 
 
 lower and thicker parts, ) sar-karra \j* 
 
 ,, (upper and thinner of), also matting of the same, sarkl 
 ,, (single slip or stem of), senttkd 
 
 Reel or hank of thread or cotton, etc., atteran 
 
 Ridge-pole, barrerl 
 
 Roof-truss, pair of rafters, kcncM 
 
 Rope in general, rassl ^j, rassa 
 
 ., (cotton), sut kl rassl ^ ^J ^ 
 
 (hemp), san kl rassl ^>j ^J 
 
 (munj), ban 
 
 Sheath of the Surkandda reed used in making sort of ) .. 
 
 munj 
 grass or fibre from which the above rope is made, ; 
 
 Shutter (thatched or matted), Haiti J&Jhanp 
 
54 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Skein or hank of twine, etc. 
 
 String, twine, 
 
 (ofmunj or other fibre), 
 (of another kind of grass), 
 
 Thatch, 
 
 Thatcher, 
 
 atteran ^jJj\ 
 
 sutll ^3j~> 
 
 ban (jb 
 
 bhabar j*\$} 
 
 Man ^}^, Mappar j^>- 
 chhappar-band 
 
 Thatching, pald'o jbj, palanl tj5b, chhappar-bandl 
 
 (grass), 
 (coarse), 
 
 (of the Saccharum cylindricum), 
 Thatch (light temporary), 
 Thatched or matted door, ttattarjS, ttattl 
 Thread, string, twine, 
 Truss (roof), or pair of rafters, 
 Twine, string (cotton), 
 (hank or skein of), 
 
 XIL-ARTS AND SCIENCES, 
 A. 
 
 Abscissa, 
 
 Absorbent, 
 
 Absorption, 
 
 Abstruse, 
 
 Absurd, 
 
 Abutment, and 
 
 Abutments of a bridge, 
 
 Abyss, 
 
 Acceleration, 
 
 /ratr 
 jazib c-> Jls>- 
 
 mughalak j 
 ghair4-mumkm ( j*** ^, mulml 
 
 Jj x\ b ^j. 
 
 * ~s ' ..^ 
 
 pay all bcrunl ya Idnarah-i-pul 
 hudud-i-pul Jj <j 
 
 ^, <itl~il 
 muta~ <i'l 
 
ARTS AND SCIENCES. 
 
 Accelerated motion, 
 Acclivity, ascent, 
 
 Acephalous, 
 Achromatic, 
 Acre, 
 Acrid, 
 
 Action and re-action, 
 
 Adamant, 
 
 Add (to), 
 
 Addition (arithmetic), 
 
 11 
 Adequate, 
 
 Adhesion, 
 
 harkat-i-mutazald 
 
 garewah ^^, fardz j\^ , farceat c 
 
 e-sar^ ^>, ba-ceadam-i-kallah AS ^AJU 
 
 be-rang <jj ^ 
 
 ekurr ?f*l>\ 
 
 Jiarif ^Ai n j>- , murr^*, cealkam 
 
 sadmah aor muzahmat ya daface 
 mds /^U, al-mds <j*il 
 jamacc karnd \jj ^T > jorrna \J 
 mlzdn ^j\~*,jumlah 
 jorr J^T) jamace 
 
 mutdbik (j. 
 Iiptta0j&, chep <-^>~, chaspdnl cJL 
 
 ^Ether, 
 
 Aerology, 
 
 Aerometry, 
 
 Aeroscopy, 
 
 Affinity, connexion, 
 
 Agaric, 
 
 Aggregate, ogh ^\,fardham-dwardag 
 
 Agrarian, 
 
 Air, 
 
 irtibdt 
 
 muwdsalat ^ 
 
 c 
 
 ceilm-i-haivd 
 
 Jdyds-i-harcd \$ 
 
 nigdh-i-liarvd 
 
 , mundsabat v 
 
 . agharlkun L 
 
 Air-pump, 
 Alabaster, 
 Alcohol, 
 
 Alembic, still, 
 
 mazrcuzi 
 paun ^y, hand 
 
 !y> 
 
 alah harod nikdlney ke waste 
 marmar-i-safed 
 
 phul shardb 
 
 ( amblk <J~J\, bhabkd l-#, b, 
 \ dam-band 4X0 / 
 
 Algebra, ab\kt-gamt ^^ ^^j\, jabr-o-mukdbilah <0jli 
 (negative quantity in), 
 
56 
 
 Algebraical, 
 Alkali, 
 
 (fossil), 
 Alkaline, 
 Allocation, 
 Allocution, 
 Allodial, 
 Alloy, 
 Alluvion, 
 Almanac, 
 Alphabet, 
 Alphabetically, 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 ahlu-l-jabr j+.<\ 
 ashndn ^li-fcl, Jiurz 
 reh 
 
 .Jd 
 
 zu-hurz 
 
 j , 
 
 hurzd 
 
 nihdd 
 
 jabbah 
 
 mustakill 
 
 kdhash (JuJb^t kdst L^~:lS 
 az db kashldah &A*JL$ < >7 ; 
 
 ^x 
 
 takmlm +>.)&, yantrl 
 
 hajd 
 JiajdnaJi 
 
 samd U-j, irtifdce 
 irtifdce-i-kutb 
 
 Altitude, 
 
 of the pole, 
 
 ,, (to measure an), irtifdce paimudah karnd b^ 
 Ambidexter, zuu-l-yadain 
 
 ham-dbl ham tdbl 
 tazwlr-i-hisdb-i-zamdn ^Uj c-? 
 tatdbuk ^lk), mashdbahat 
 (v. tafrlk karnd b^jjyzJ), tafrlk 
 hindsuh-bi-ljabr ^^ b 
 ctilm-i-taxlrll 
 
 tashrlh'l 
 j, yoshah-ddr j\<, 
 
 jdmrarah ^j^^r 
 . r]>l>all-ddr ^ 
 
 <l(istah-ddr 
 
 ^ 
 
 zdniyah &> t 
 .: it if '/if ah -i-hdddah 
 
 Amphibious, 
 
 Anachronism, 
 
 Analogy, 
 
 Analysis, 
 
 Analytical geometry, 
 
 Anatomy, 
 
 Anatomical, 
 
 Angular, angulated, 
 
 An animal cube, 
 
 Annular, 
 
 Ansated, 
 
 Angle, 
 
 (acute). 
 
 zu-t 
 halkah-sd 
 
 Cintrrnal). 
 
 zdwiyah-i-andarttnl 
 
AMi SC IK NOES. 
 
 
 Angle (obtuse), 
 .. (opposite), 
 ., (right), 
 .. (spherical), 
 (solid), 
 (vertical), 
 Angle of depression, 
 
 elevation, 
 friction, 
 incidence, 
 ,, inclination, 
 reflection, 
 Antarctic pole, 
 Ante meridian, or A.M. 
 Ante mundane, 
 
 Antipodes, 
 
 
 zaroiyah-i-munfarijah 
 zdmiyah-i-mukabil 
 zawiyah-i-kaimah 
 zdrciyah-i-kurrcl 
 zawiyah-i-mujassamah 
 
 zdwiyah-i-ras 
 zdwiyah-i-tahtdnl < 
 zdmyah-i-irtifdcB 
 zawiyah-i-khudish 
 
 zdmyah-i-ittifdk jUjl <y 
 zdwiyah-i-mayl J-^ <U 
 awiyah-i-murajaceat 
 kutb-i-janubl 
 Jcablu-z- 
 Jcablu-d-dunyd 
 tahtu-l-arz-i-sakan 
 
 watidu-l-arz 
 derlnah 
 al&ajzo-cealas-sadr 
 
 mucearazat 
 
 : 
 
 Antique, 
 
 Antistrophe, 
 
 Antithesis, 
 
 Apex, auj _j 
 
 Apogeum, 
 
 Apostrophe (in rhetoric), 
 
 Apparatus, machinery, etc., 
 
 Appendix, 
 
 Approximation, nazdikl 
 
 Apsis (higher) of a planet, 
 
 .. (lower) ,, 
 Aquae fortis (acid, nit.), 
 
 Aquarius, kumb'h ^+*, burj-i-ab-l 
 
 Aquatic, watery, etc., dbl ^J>\ , jal-jantu L^-%^>- 
 AqiiodiR-i, db-guzar ( jJj7, db-gur i^oT, mlzab c. 
 
 choutti 
 au--sama 
 
 tatimmah 
 
 tcz-db 
 T _^, dalrr 
 >~ , jalchar j 
 
THESAURUS OP TECHNICAL TEEMS. 
 
 Aqueous, moist, etc.,jal-jantu c^:^ J&- , jal-char ys^T , ab-l 
 Arable, salihatu-ziraceat i*z*+c\jji !<xk*U, layak-i-ziraceat ui~*\jj 
 
 kaws 
 
 kitceat-i-dalrali j^Jj L 
 miJirab L. 
 rasm-i-bina I 
 bani-kar j (Jb, mmmar 
 banl-karl .ct\Cjb, miaemarl ^ 
 
 
 Arc, 
 
 (segment of a circle), 
 Arch, 
 Archetype, 
 Architect, 
 Architecture, 
 Archives, 
 Arctic circle, 
 Arctic pole, 
 Area, 
 Argent, 
 Argillaceous, 
 Aries, 
 
 da'lrak-i-skamall 
 kutb-i-shamtill 
 
 masaKat 
 
 Arithmetic 
 
 ic, i 
 
 ^ 
 
 pur-i-gil JSj}, tlnl 
 mesh \J~<*> burj-i-hamal J-*,>- " ^ 
 , aeilm-i-aceddd 
 , or ghubwr jLc. l> 
 
 dahan 
 
 (units), 
 
 (tens), 
 
 (hundreds), 
 
 (thousands), 
 
 (tens of thousands), 
 
 (hundreds of thousands), 
 
 (millions), 
 
 (tens of millions), 
 
 (billions), 
 
 (to reduce), 
 
 (carrying figures), 
 
 Arithmetician, muhdsib 
 
 Arrears, 
 
 Assay, 
 
 (to), 
 
 daha'l ItoJ, dahak c 
 
 hazaran ^ 
 
 dah-hazaran ^J^ 
 
 Man 
 
 krorran ,.,?, 
 dah-krorran L 
 kharban 
 
 ttorrna, U 
 
 takslr^M^jy takass 
 
 rdkmcltl ^^j, gcmak tl 
 
 bakayci bliu 
 
 ceayar j^z 
 
 ceayar karna U .Lc 
 
ARTS AND SCIENCES. .V.) 
 
 Assayer, ceaydr-glr j jUr. 
 
 Astrolabe, usturldb 
 
 Astrology, jotish (joj=j-, tanjim *^=U, <mlm-i-nujum 
 Astrologer, jotishl ^^lo^-, najuml ^3=^, munajjim 
 
 Astronomy, jotikh ^^-, hai'dt ci/Lfc, ~ceilm-i-ha? at ^^ 
 Astronomer, jotikhl ^Jjs*-, hai'at-dan ^b 
 
 Astronomical table, zij *^j, za'lchah tef^^jadrval 4 
 
 Asymptote, mutanaffaru-l-mulakat culS 
 
 Atmosphere, heavens, ether, firmament, harva \j&, dkds 
 Atmospheric, harva'l 
 
 Atom, ttuk C/j3, ttukci l^y, zarrl <j$j, zarrah 
 
 ,, (of cohesion), kaskish-i-ittisal JLaJ'l 
 
 (of gravitation), kashish-i-zamln ( ^j 
 
 Autumn, fckazdn L0 \^> 
 
 Axis, mihwar 
 
 Axle-tree, dhuri 
 
 Azimuth (the), as-samt 
 
 B. 
 
 Balance, mlzdn ^j^ 
 
 (to), tulna UJj, muceddalat karnd \jj t^. 
 
 Bar, court of justice, ijlds (jwL?-!, phattak d. 
 
 Bastion, bdstmn ^^k-jb, burj j 
 
 Battlemented, kangurah-ddr J\A *t, karjch 
 
 Beam, ray of light, rakhsh ij^z-j, shucelah <dx^>, par taw yj 
 
 Bear (Greater), dubb-i-akbar j\ c-^J 
 
 ,, (Lesser), dubb-i-asghar J^c\ c-:j 
 
 Belles Lettres, inshd luJl 
 
 Benzoin (gum), styrax, sildjit c^o>-Lj 
 
 Bibulous, jdzib L- 
 
 Bifarious, munasafatah aii^L^, muzdceaj 
 
(50 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 < 
 
 Bifurcated, do-shakhah 4rU-i> ^j, ^a^ j 1 
 
 Binocular, ahl-i-do chashm ++>- ^ 
 
 Binomial theorem, kaaeidah-i-newton sahib e.^o-1 _ 
 
 Birdlime, shalm 
 
 Bitumen, naptha, w#/a( Lid), ^^ 
 
 Blgah (of land, 120 square feet), big ah 
 
 Blockade, muhdsarah *.* 
 
 Bodies, ajsdm 
 
 Botany, ceilm-i-nabdtat c^O'LJ^J-c. 
 
 Bracket, khat-i-wahddnlyat c^-jlje^j kr^ 
 
 Brazier, chafing-dish, atash-dan ^\4 ^iuT, angetthi ^p~>\ 
 
 Breadth, bary^pdtt cL 
 
 Bridge (see Bridge-building, etc.) put Jjj, jt?w^ 
 
 Broad, wide, bar-ddr ^ 
 
 Bubble, hubdb <-->L=^, burrburrd hjjj, burburd 
 
 Bung, gag, plug, ghattci \%, ghattd Ifl 
 
 Burning-glass, dtashi-shishah 
 
 C. 
 
 Calculus, ceilm-ijuziydt-o-kulliydt c^LK j tub 
 
 Cancer (the sign), ^r/ti (J/^, saratan 
 
 Canal, ^aAr 
 
 Canopus, suhail 
 
 Capricorn (tropic), burj-i-jadl ^^. 
 
 Capricornus, makar jL*, burj-i-jadl ^. 
 
 Carnivorous, mds-ddhdrl ^l&jT 
 
 Casual, tff[fdk-l 
 
 Catalogue, silsilah 
 
 Celestial, holy, kuds-lyah ^jJ , falakl 
 
 Centering, dddtt cL?!5, A:a/z^ e-JU, kdlbut c: 
 
 ( '''iitro, or axis of a pulley, mihnar ^ 
 
 Centre (a). maddr J\ 
 
\HTS AMI SCIENCES. <J1 
 
 Centre (the), 
 
 of the earth. kazlz-i-katfr-i-zamln 
 
 of gravity. markaz-i-sikl Jju j 
 
 Centrifugal . az-mlan gurez jjZ ^C j 
 
 force, kuwat^mutanaffaru^-m 
 Centripetal, bah mlan nazdik kuna 
 
 ,, force, kurcat4-miita(zalliku4-markazj*jA\ ^ 
 Centuple, t ?^ chandan 
 
 Chafing-dish, brazier, atash-dan ,^b (j*oT, angetthl 
 
 Cliain, zanjlr j*jsCj, sankall ^JX^, sankal J< 
 
 rhalyboate. ^a d^aTi clmez ^\ ^T b 
 
 Chaos, hiyulae awivall 
 
 Charge (as of powder, etc.) 
 
 Check, money order (in geometry, a line, dash, crease), /ftjo 
 Chemistry, alchemy, cdlm-i-kwnyob L 
 
 Chord, 
 
 (in geometry, a line, a dash, etc.), likhlr^^l, ghlr 
 
 Chorography, takktlt-i-bilad j)b 
 
 Chorus, 
 
 Cinque-foil, panj-angusht c^A^ol ^^ 
 
 Cipher (in arithmetic), swww 
 
 Circle, da Irak 
 
 (centre of a), Ithaftfl da Irak 
 
 ,, (made by compasses), pur gar 
 
 (mathematical), shakl-i-mustadlr 
 
 Circular motion, harkat-i-istadarah Hj 
 
 Ciirnlation, 
 Circumference, gird &j>, gher j*&, auras chau-ras (j*>jy>~ 
 
 ( muhlt-i-ddirah x y!j 
 
 ,, (of a circle), 7Z - .. . 7 _ 
 
 Wtatt : i-musta<hr j*^ 
 
 ( 'lapper (of a bell), teft^aw 
 
 ('lime, region. ///////, 
 
62 THESAURUS OP TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Climate, temperature, db-o-hawd \> 
 
 Clock or watch, saceat ^ 
 
 . 
 
 Cloud, abrj\ 
 
 Clouded, party-coloured, pie-bald, abr-l ^\ ablak ^\ 
 
 Coagulation, dntthl ^j\ , jama 'o jU^>- 
 Cobweb, tanah te3,jdld i!U-, tar-i-&ankabut CLvXxsjIJ 
 
 Co-efficients, amsdl Jll*!, sir ~* 
 
 Cog of a wheel, khunttl ^^, ddntl 
 
 Coil (a), lapett 
 
 Colossian, giant-like, (Bafrlt-dsd LT ^L. 
 
 Colossus (a), but-i-cezim 
 
 Column (see Building), rukn c ^, sutun 
 
 Columnar, dar wajh-i-sutun ^^ 
 
 Combination, ijtimdce cUs^-1, 
 
 ( dtash-dngez uX) 1 /AJ'T, dtash-zadagl Jj; <>uT 
 Combustible, . -^ - ^< 
 
 ' atash-gir^. 
 
 n , ,., -, ( dtash-glrah ^-XuJ'T, dtashzai 
 
 Combustibles, - * ^^ 
 
 ' ambdnak 
 
 Combustion, soJchtagl ^Ar^j, afrokktagl ^J^>- 
 
 (dum-ddr, yd dambdlaK sitdrah j.tuj sSL^ 
 
 Comet, J 
 
 \ puchtia tara 
 
 Common measure, maksum-cealaihi-mushtarak u^JL^ 
 
 multiple, zacef-i-mushtarak L! 
 
 Compass, circuit, gahe-rd 
 
 (mariner's) kutb-numd UJ 
 
 Compasses (pair of), pargdr j^, parkdr jl^j 
 
 Complement, tamdml ,<UJ 
 
 ,, of an angle, tamdml zdmah <u^j J^UJ 
 
 n i ( ciLtf^i j_<'r^'* , <r*bo 
 
 ,, of a parallelogram,< ^ _', ^?,_ 
 
 ( tamdml mutwdziu-l-azldcB 
 
 Composition, murakkab karnd \jj> - -^ - 
 
 Compound, murukhil' 
 
ARTS AND SCIENCES. 
 
 63 
 
 Concatenated, 
 
 Concatenation, 
 
 Concave, 
 
 Concavity, 
 
 Concentric, 
 
 Concrete, adj., jdmid 
 
 Concussion, harkat 
 
 Cone, makhrutat LZ 
 
 (truncated), 
 Congelation, 
 To conglomerate, 
 Conic sections, 
 Conic, 
 
 Conjunction of the planets, 
 Con-natural, 
 Co-ordinates, 
 Consecutive, 
 
 musalsal 
 
 silsilah 
 
 mujauwa/ uJ^sr*, murihazam 
 jauf uJy>-, hazmat e 
 ham-mar kaz j* 
 
 -, (the material), kankrlt L^> 
 , racedat C^>A^, musadarat c 
 majdirut-i-mustadirah ^j jc 
 maJ&rut-i-nakis 
 injimdd ^U^ 
 
 taroshicz karna 
 tarashl-i-makhrut \sjj&" uf^>]/ 
 majthrutat-mansub t 
 
 iktiran \, Jdran 
 
 Constellation, 
 
 Aries, 
 
 Taurus, 
 
 Gemini, 
 
 Cancer, 
 
 Leo, 
 
 Virgo, 
 
 Libra, 
 
 Scorpio, 
 
 Sagittarius, 
 
 Capricornus, 
 
 Aquarius, 
 
 Pisces, 
 
 avatar 
 
 pa'e dar pae ^j^ ^> yhal 
 kawkab -~) nakhshatr j^^J , burj 
 
 akhtar 
 barrah Xj) burj-i-hamal 
 
 sawr ,y 
 do-paikara, \jLj j J, jaroza 
 
 bharchang 
 
 khoshah 
 
 Contact, 
 
 >., saratdn ^\ 
 sheTjJ*, asad 
 sumbulah 
 mizan 
 aeakrab 
 karcs 
 jadl 
 
 abl ^T, dalw ^lj 
 i- , samak c>-4 j 
 
 ju-i 
 
64 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Context, 
 
 Continually, 
 
 Convex, 
 
 Convexities (arches), 
 
 Convexity, 
 
 Corneous, 
 
 Corner-stone, hajar-i-kinar 
 
 matin ( ^~*, mattan 
 
 lagta-lagat ^ 
 puj -=^, kubbah-dar j\<2 <LJ, 
 
 (PL of -L?) azlace 
 
 ,J* 
 il 
 
 kubbah-darl 
 
 \^ 4.J, kuxl 
 karn-asa Ls! ^ 
 , sang -i-go shall 
 
 Cornice, kirnas 
 
 Corollary (a), 
 
 Corpuscle (atom) 
 
 Corpuscular, 
 
 Corrosion, 
 
 Corruscation, 
 
 Cosmography, 
 
 kankurah x^, taj-i-dlwar 
 
 natljali testeJ, itmam 
 
 zarrah xjj, rezah 
 zarrali-war j\j *JJ, rezah-rcar 
 
 lahs (j^^, akil 
 dirakhsh (ji^jj, tabish 
 hayt-i-dunya L) J 
 
 Countermine, 
 
 Cow-dung- (diied), 
 
 Crepuscle, 
 
 Cross-bar, 
 
 shot, 
 Crucible, 
 Crystal, 
 Cube (a), 
 Cubic, 
 Cubit, 
 ('uniform, 
 Curve line, 
 Curved, 
 Curvilinear, 
 ( 'nt-wutcr, 
 
 ( nakab bar nakab banana lj LJ 
 
 . 77 7 -' 
 
 \nagham-zer-i-nagriam-khodna, 
 
 (small) upfa 
 
 (zarktit CL 
 golah-i-band kashl 
 
 phattak cl&>, bilaurj^ 
 
 ka&( 
 
 muka&b 
 
 dasi 
 
 gawah-asa LJ! 
 Jihatt-i-munhanl .^^ 
 munliam ^s^*, mayil Jjl 
 f ni. 1,-Jift-<-)t><iiiham 
 
 ab-tarash 
 
A UTS AND SCIKNCKS. 
 
 Cylinder. mutt 
 
 Cylindrical, 
 
 Cyphers. in arithmetic, 
 
 , istircanah-i-mustadirah 
 
 istmanah mansub 
 
 (PI. 
 
 as-far 
 
 To dam, 
 
 Data, 
 
 Decade, 
 
 Decagon, 
 
 Decimal (a), 
 
 Decimal, adj. 
 fraction, 
 point, 
 
 D. 
 
 sadd karna \jj A-?, bandrttgh banana \jLj 
 mukaddamat-i-macelumah 
 
 j, aasharah xJLc. 
 mu 'ccashshar ^iot^ 
 aushar jti**., taashir J+MM 
 
 ceasJianyat i . 
 kusur-i-ceashafiyat &j 
 (zalamat-i-ayzan yceam (*) 
 
 Declination, descent! 
 ( 
 
 . 
 may I kisl syyarali ka taraj khatt-i-istiwa In 
 
 (in astronomy), 
 
 Declivity (down hill), 
 Deep, unfathomable, 
 Definition, 
 
 Deflection, declination, 
 Degree, 
 Deluge, 
 Demi, 
 
 Denominator, 
 Density, 
 
 Departure, 
 
 Depth, 
 
 Design, 
 
 Descent, decimation, 
 
 Dew. 
 
 >lffl, 
 
 was/ 
 
 jaldr-narv 
 
 inhiraf ^ 
 sheb L 
 jl, gaha-lra 
 , hadud 
 inhiraf uJ 
 
 *-, sailab 
 
 J, nasf 
 
 nasab-numa Uj c^wuy 
 kasafat L^j'd 
 
 _ 7 _. 7 , 7 
 
 /w/ yafasilah nasfu-n-nahar se 
 
 gambfor j+fr', gaih-ral 
 Ijad 6\af\ t mansubah 
 utarj\3\, inhiraf 
 shab-nam 
 
86 
 
 Diagonal, 
 Diagram, 
 Dial (sun), 
 
 THB8AUBUS OF TECHNICAL TEJtMiS. 
 ( 
 
 ! az goshah td bah goshah 
 ( jantr ^ 
 
 Diameter, 
 Diamond, 
 
 pencil, 
 Diaphanous, 
 Die (a), 
 Differential, 
 
 ,, calculus, 
 Digit, 
 Dimension, 
 Direct, 
 Direction, 
 Director, 
 Directrix, 
 Disc, 
 Discount, 
 Distiller of spirits, 
 
 (the business of, and tax on), ab-kdn 
 
 Divisibility, kdbil~tyat-i-inkisdm *LJ 
 
 Division (simple), taksim *.***?, kismat vj: 
 
 (compound), ftismat-i-murakkab 
 
 , natr 
 ' te \j 
 z&-, shahl 
 dhup-gharrl ^j-fi 
 sd-ceatl ^^cLo < 
 
 kutr 
 
 al-mds ^UJ^, 
 kalam JJJ ^ 
 shaffaf 
 
 sikkah &L*i 
 juziydt cjbjs^ 
 hisdb-i-juziydt cL?bj^ c 
 jj, hindisah 
 j\ 9 anddzah t'j 
 sldhd U.x-,-5, mustaklm ^ 
 samt or 
 
 clalll JJ j 
 khatt r i-bunyddl 
 
 Divisor, divider, 
 
 Dodecagon, 
 Dry-rot, 
 
 Ductile, 
 
 Duplicate (of bill of exchmiir^. 
 
 (mukassim *IjU, maksum cealayih <uLe 
 | 
 
 // 
 
 muldyim 
 i>ilth 
 
ARTS AND 80IKN' l'>7 
 
 Dnraltiliiy. istil,'<~un<it 
 
 Dysentery. diarrhoea, uttxar 
 
 B. 
 
 Bartturaake ('-'</-' JjJ/, forca/* *)), bhukamp 
 
 (. zalzala 
 
 mushrik jy^, purab S-^y, shark 
 
 Ebony, (adj. abnusl ^^J\\ abnus 
 
 Kltiillition, effervescence, feand^ir ^s\^. t josk ^f 
 
 Eccentric, ^ m'tan gurez 'jj* ,.,1-^ j 
 
 Eccentricity of an ellipse, ( ^>^ ^.^ ^ l 
 
 ( (mariju-l-markaz-i-bcdzaivl 
 
 Echo, awaz-i-bazgasht c^wljfjb jljT, radd-i-sada \&* 5 
 
 K<-lipse, him/at L^vjlii, grahan 
 
 ,, (total), sr^ gahan or grahan ^ 
 
 of the sun, kusftf J 
 
 ,, of the moon, /,-Jmsuf ^ 
 
 Ecliptic, ( tanku-sh-shams u ^\ j^ 
 
 I mintakatu-l-burdj ~*j+>\ iak^< 
 
 Eddy, bhdiinrci \j 
 
 Efflux, 
 
 Egypt. 
 
 Elastic. t ;/^aw L^, l-Jt.cz an U 
 
 Electrical, 
 
 Electricity, kasjdshiJtJ*& y htb-rubal \j 
 
 Electric telegi-apli, 
 
 nents, principles, astajcsdt L 
 
 HI ovation, ^lcsr.1, angezjj\ t irtifaa 
 
 Ellipse, baizawl 
 
 Ellipsoid, baizah *d+) 
 
 ?]nil)ankinont. 
 
 / 
 
08 
 Engine, 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 yaTltTa p-u--* , kdl 
 
 kal-i-dukhdnl <J^jJ 
 kandan ^> 
 mutassace %** 
 
 (steam), 
 Engraving, 
 Enneagon, 
 
 Epilepsy, apa-smdrj\ 
 
 Epilogue, Jchdtimah & 
 
 Equal, neutral, musarci cj 
 
 Equation, musawat *\ 
 
 ,, (simple), musdrcdt-i-darjah-i-arorcal Jj! <^>-jJ ^ 
 
 ,, (quadratic), musdwdt-i-darjah-i-duyam ^j <^-jJ ^ 
 
 ,, (third ( ^wLjiJl !3js> ^J-c /*^j &&-j ^ 
 
 order, etc.,) ( musdwdt-i-darjak-i-seum, '(Bald hazdu-l-kiyds 
 
 (intermediate), 
 
 ( musarcat-i-ghair-i-miinKaW 
 
 Equator, Idiatt-i-icBtidal Jljocl k>>, Jthatt-i-istimd 
 
 Equilibrium, muceddalat c^ijU^, sa/em ^ 
 Equilateral, 
 Equinox (the), 
 Equinox (vernal), 
 
 ,, (autumnal), 
 Equinoxial line, equator, 
 Era, 
 Essay, 
 
 Essential property of bodies, 
 
 Ethics, 
 
 Euclid, 
 
 Euclid's elements, 
 
 Euphony, 
 
 Evaporation, 
 
 Even niiinlicr, 
 
 Excavation, 
 
 muceadalat c^ijl 
 
 musdnlu-l-azaldce cl^jfl 
 icetiddlu-l-lail o un-nakdr j\^\\ j Jull! 
 icetiddl-i-rabla ^ s 
 mtiddl-i-kharlfl ,Ju t j&- 
 
 sdkd 1^1 
 dzm&lsh i 
 
 sifdt-i-zdti 'ah-i-ajsdm 
 
 affidus 
 taftrir-i-akfidus ^ 
 
 t((hsln-i-talajfuz laib' , 
 bukhdr jla*?, w^/c/5- *^, bal'/nr 
 
 juft L^A?- 
 kkodal 
 
ARTS ANJ) BCIBNl (III 
 
 V 
 
 Fxr, adhikal , 
 
 Kxrluingo, ##: lib 
 
 FA halation, rlh *Q 
 
 Fx]>iTiineiit, tajribah te^ss?, azma'ish (jkUjT 
 
 K x t cnsion, khichao j lP 
 
 (in mechanics), abcead-i-salasalt & jlut 
 Kx trad ion of roots, 
 
 munhanl matt mihrab ha 
 F. 
 
 Fabric, 
 
 Fatliom, warn *\j, kdmat e^- 
 
 Felloe of a wheel, dalr-i-ceajalat trJus 
 
 Fibre, re shah 
 
 Field-book, paimaish kl kitab ^^ ^J> ^U-j, Masrah 
 Figure, ^ 
 
 (arithmetical), h'mdisah &~> Jc^, sifrj**, acedad j JLC, 
 (geometrical), jadrcal 
 
 ,, (equilateral), shakl-i-musanlu-l-azalace 
 
 (equiangular-), 
 
 ( shakl-i-musawlu-l-zawi^ah 
 
 Fiery, flaming, atash-bar ju J 
 
 ,, (striking), atash-zan ^ Jti 
 
 Filings, buradah a^ 
 
 Fire-engine (squirt, jack, etc.), damkala, 
 Firmament, 
 
 Fixed stars, sitarah-i-sanabit 
 
 Flaming, fiery, atash-bar j\> J 
 Flax (Linum usitatissimum), 
 
 Flexibility. in,-},<i1t u 
 
s^ 
 
 dam (jjoc* 
 
 70 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Fluid, saiyal JL 
 
 Fluxions, hisab-i-juziytit-o-kulliyat cuLK ^ cub 
 
 Focus, nukat-i-ataskl 
 
 of a burning 1 glass, tiphci 
 
 Fog, mist, dhundh *JcJzO, bukhar jUkr, ghubar j^ 
 
 Font for ablutions, chah-bachah 
 
 Force, kwvat 
 
 (centripetal), kurcatu-l-markaz ^^\ tuy 
 
 (centrifugal), kuwat-i-mutanaffiru-l-markaz 
 Forge, a-hangar-kkanah <ti\ 
 
 Fortification, ceilm-i-taksln ^ 
 
 Fossil, mineral, kani ijlf, macedanl 
 
 Fossil (a), ( Fossils, jamdddt <*u\4\*s>-),jamad 
 
 Foundation, bunyad 
 
 Foundry, safar khcinah &j\- jla^, kalbud Manak <Ul^ 
 
 Fraction, maksur^^L^, kasr 
 
 ,, (simple), kasr-i-mufrad 
 
 (compound), .. kasr-i-murakkab 
 
 ,, (proper) kasr-t-h-rijtl 
 
 (improper), kasr-i-gh<i'<r-<-irrtj/!> ^, 
 
 (complex), kar-i~mulattaf 
 
 Fractions of integral numbers, kusur-i acedad ^ 
 
 Fractional number, <Badad4-kM8r 
 
 To reduce to fractions or fractional numbers, ^V/r karna \j 
 Friction, fa/7/<; tJjLCsr, khud 
 Frustrum, ' 
 
 Fulcrum, mark<iz-i-l<<irk(tt 
 
 FuliiiinatiiiL!'. brf/dnu jir, bttrkdn ^U 
 
 Fundamental, 
 Funnel, 
 Fusion. Li<|uH;u'tion, 
 
\XI> SCIJ 
 
 ntithun 
 
 (the), 
 
 Gemini. 
 
 Geography, 
 
 Geology, 
 
 Geometry. 
 
 Girder. 
 
 Glare (as from sun or fire), 
 
 Glass, 
 
 .. (burning), 
 
 (hour), 
 Globe, 
 
 ,, (celestial), 
 
 (terrestrial). 
 Globule, 
 
 Gnomon (style of a dial), 
 Graft (a), 
 Grammar, 
 Gravitation, 
 Gravity, 
 
 est, common measure, maksum-allh-acezam +&&\ <uP 
 Ground-plan, rasm-i-bina I 
 
 Grout, sandlah 
 
 mr 
 
 ceilm-jughraflah &*j>\jx>- Jo: 
 tlm-i-ma6edamyat cuLj 
 h'oidisah ^ujcjb, muhandsl 
 latthali &l, 
 tab t-jlj, ^a'< 
 
 shlshah 
 atashl-shlshah 
 shlshah-sa-ceat L^ 
 
 /<Jrm ff^, kit 
 kiimh-i-falakl 
 kurdh-i-arzl 
 
 ceakrab <?yLc, mih 
 
 pamand 
 wyaharan M^^J, sarf-o-ndfiw 
 
 kashish-i-sikl 
 
 Half-driven (stake, etc.), 
 Halo round the moon, or sun, 
 
 i' <a-~ 
 
 Hemp (Cannabis sati\ 
 
 H. 
 
 add-garrhd \jtffjf 3\ 
 
 ( Malta 14 
 
 ( samchah-i-shams ( j^ 
 (LoJ , rusfu-l-arz , ,i 
 
THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 f musabbace 
 
 \ haftpahlu, yd goshah &J* \ 
 
 harmas ^^^Jb, harmls 
 musaddas 
 ,shash pahlii, yd goshah ajj^f b ^j 
 
 musaddas ^ 
 
 barnik <_^, asp-i-nlldb <>Lj 
 im-rozl ^jjjj /*!, im-rozmah <u. 
 ek-jins ij^- tlX>, ek-gunah ti 
 kindrah-i-dsmdn ^U-^T * 
 ba-khdfik-i-masdwl fj\^ <j*\s^. 
 jj\, dar tank-i-masdm 
 
 zalchah &sf\j, najm +s 
 ghanttah & 
 fufan 
 
 Heptagon, 
 
 Hermes, 
 
 Hexagon, 
 
 Hexagonal, 
 
 Hippopotamus, 
 
 Hodiernal, 
 
 Homogeneous, 
 
 Horizon, 
 
 Horizontal, 
 
 Horizontally, 
 
 Horoscope, 
 
 Hour, 
 
 Hurricane, 
 
 Hydraulics, 
 
 Hydrostatics, 
 
 Hyperbolic, 
 
 Hyperbolical, 
 
 Hypothenuse, 
 
 L yvatr-z-musallas ka-imu-z-zamah 
 
 ,, of a triangle, /v//v/// 
 
 Hypothesis, anu-mdn ^^^\, farz-Jud hud 
 
 ab-shmdsl ,--U-2a 
 
 cdlm-i-db <-JT JLC 
 jLs^, ba&ldu-l-bayzarcl ^^i-J' 
 
 I. 
 
 Icicle, 
 Igneous, 
 Impenetrability, 
 Impulse (effect of one bodyl 
 acting on another), J 
 
 Impulsive force, 
 Inrh (an), ; Jingor or thumb. 
 
 kalam JJ, halfashang 
 atashl 
 
 imtanace-i-tadakhil J^l JJ oli 
 f kurvat-i-dafaccat 
 
 I 
 
 kurcat-i-muliarnhah 
 
ARTS AM> BCIBNCBS. 
 
 mambace 
 
 Incomplete 
 Index (an), 
 Indigestible, 
 
 Indigestion, 
 
 I iii'i'tia, (zadam-i-suhunat 
 
 Inflammability, 
 
 Intlamniable, 
 
 Inflation, 
 
 Influx, 
 
 Ingot, 
 
 Inlet, jet-d'eau, 
 
 Insertion, 
 
 Intercalary. 
 
 year, leap-year, 
 Integral calculus, 
 Interjection, 
 
 To intrench, morchal banana 
 Intrenchment, 
 Inundation, 
 Invention, 
 Inverted arches, 
 Involution, 
 To irrigate, 
 Irrigation, 
 Island, 
 Istbmus, 
 
 andud 
 nakis ^lj 
 namun ^j*J, numd Uj 
 
 a-pathyah 
 bad-hazm-l 
 
 + j^, ceadam-i-taharruk c 
 ihtirak ^\j'~s>-\, kunat-i-soz j^> c^:.j 
 soz-pazlr ^ jj j^ 
 phugatt ci^l^j 
 
 Tvusul dj&j, dar-amad ^\ , j 
 sallakh ^La 
 , khalasl-i-bambfl Lij ^^ 
 
 hablsa U**~, kablsah 
 
 sal-i-kabisah t^J* JL 
 hisab-i-kulllyat c^LK 
 
 karf-i-nida !jj 
 , mataris karna, \j^- 
 morchal J^-jj^, mataris 
 sailab < ;L- 
 
 
 mikrdb-i-muce/ms 
 
 c^ \,j, saceud ^ 
 
 fchaknal 
 
 ab-yarl 
 fjazlra 
 
 -, gardanah zamm ( j^* & 
 
 J. 
 
 Jet d'eau, 
 
 Joint, 
 
 Joist, 
 
 a LJ 
 j^- 
 , sjiaht'ir , 
 
74 
 Jupiter, 
 
 Key-stone, 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 birhaspat L^.**..^, mushtan 
 K. 
 
 (of an arch), 
 
 ddatt-i-mikrdb < 
 
 c^U-^f J 
 sang dar-mi an-i-kamr-i-ceimarat 
 
 L. 
 
 shafl i 
 
 a-niip L >Jl 
 
 Labial, 
 
 Laboratory, kdr-khdnah-i-kimiyd-gar 
 
 Lac (gum), also sealing-wax, MA ^, /a/e 
 
 Lamina, safl-hat L^-^uLs, tabak /L 
 
 Laminated, safl-hat-dar J\A 
 
 Lamp-black, dudah-i-chiragh c 
 
 Lapidary, hakkdk 
 
 Lapis-lazuli, lajward ^>j^i, mmd 
 
 Land, ^ww >j. zamin , 
 
 I -7- ' I 
 
 ,, (waste), /y^//y^/- 
 
 ,, (where water may be found near the surface),) 
 
 also adj., wet, damp, etc., ) 
 
 Latent, pin/tan jjl^-J, makhfl ^^) ghalb L-^O 
 
 Lateral, jambi ^~&~, janibl L ^j 
 
 Lath, ^^ bans hi ^ ^Jb ^s battl lahrrl hi 
 
 Lathe (turning), kharat b\f>~, Khar ad 
 
 Latitude, wus&at L^*-JJ, pahnal ^ S ^^J> <^rz ^ 
 
 ,, (degree of ), darjah-i-cearz yd pahnal ^l-^j V. u^ ^ 
 
 Layer, stratum, ^wa( i?U**J, ^/7/ 
 
 Leak (a), kigqf t$j* t shakk j: 
 
 Leap-year, sdl-i-kablsah A. , ; .^ J 
 
 Length, l<(mba'l 
 
 Length and lu'eadili. tambai claurrat ^. 
 
A UTS AND SCIKV 
 
 
 Lens. amah fc~S\, shlshah <LuL*-i 
 
 ,, (concave), shlshah-i-mujawwaf i-J^s" 
 
 ,, (com slnshak-i-muhaddab c-jj^* 
 
 ,, (plane), shlshah-i-musattah *"* 
 
 Leo, singJih 4&*-!, asad 
 
 {tamlik karna \JJ* (J-i^J, lewaling 
 hamrcar karna \j 1 
 
 Levelling, 
 
 _ 
 
 (bent), < " _ n"!? j'_ 
 
 L charr, ya tarazu, ya adangdl khamda 
 
 ^Jb 
 
 ddanddl JuJ, tarazu \5, char 
 
 Libra, 
 
 Light, 
 
 (reflected). 
 Lightning, 
 Lime, 
 Line, 
 
 (straight), 
 
 (curved), 
 
 (parallel), 
 Linear, 
 
 Link (of a chain, etc.), 
 Lintel, 
 Liquefaction, 
 Liquid, 
 Literal, 
 
 Lithographic press, 
 stone, 
 
 Locomotion, 
 Logarithms, 
 Logic, 
 
 tula ib, mizan L<J 
 roshanl 
 
 karsji J^J> 
 bark jj, bijll 
 gach ^, chuna \J 
 Matt 
 
 khatt-i-mustaklm 
 
 khatt-i-munhanl 
 
 khatt-i-mutawazl 
 
 ~kham 
 ham <_', karra Vi 
 
 sa 
 
 gudakhtagl 
 
 taht-lafzl 
 chhapah shikanjah ^^siLi <u 
 
 chhapah-patthar ^ 
 harkat azja ba-ja Lsr U- j\ L^ 
 
 logarsum 
 tark <jXj, ceilm-i-mantik ,+ 
 
 ,, (a negative sentence), 
 
 (an affirmative proposition), 
 
 took 
 
 mujibah <t*s> 
 
76 
 
 Longitude, 
 
 (degree of), 
 Longitudinal, 
 Luminary, 
 Luminous, 
 Lunar, 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Lunated, 
 Lunette, 
 
 Machine, 
 
 Machinery, 
 
 Magazine, 
 
 Magnet, 
 
 Magnetic, 
 
 (needle), 
 
 Magnetism, 
 
 Major axis, 
 Map, 
 Manufacture, fabric, 
 
 Mars 
 
 tul Jjb, klb e. 
 darjah-i~tul J i*L <k? 
 a dra-zrl mansub <_?^u^ u\;. 
 TO sham ^J^^j, nur 
 munannar jj*s*, nur dm <J 
 
 kamarl 
 tittih <Q3, din, yd roz-i-kamarl ^jj** \^\ 
 
 hildl-dsd LT J 
 mdh-chah ajs^ 
 
 M. 
 
 dlat c^lT, manjanlk ^j-j.rcu, jantr j^^-, kal 
 dlatl jJ ! , manjamki 
 
 ambdr 
 
 chambak clXv^, makndtis 
 dhan-kash mansub t^j^^t 
 ibrat-numd UJ ^^, kiblah-numd 
 kudrat-i-makndtis ^^-l-Lil^ 
 kuwat-i dhan-kash ^J^ ^\ ci^ 
 
 mihnar-i-kaldn ^K 
 nakshah-i-zamln ( .^\ 
 
 ; 
 
 c ' < ~ i 
 (planet) j 
 
 hi dt ram +\j^ ,jalldd-i-falak cL<3j 
 
 mangal jL# 
 
 Masonry, 
 Mass, 
 
 Match, wick, 
 Mathematics, 
 Matrice (a), 
 Matter, 
 
 Maximum, 
 
 sang-sdzl 
 
 sang-m&ma ^J 
 &-\ t mikddr-i-mdddah 
 battl 
 
 Xv7 lib ^} l^, sawrA i 
 
 mdddah XA 
 ziyddah sc ziyddali * J\J j ^ 
 
ARTS ANIi BCIBNl 
 
 77 
 
 M i ; i s 1 1 r < \ 
 Measuring-rod, 
 
 Mechanic (aX 
 Mechanics or 
 mechanism, 
 Medicine (science of) 
 Mensuration, 
 
 (planet), 
 (mineral), 
 
 1 | 
 I 
 
 paimanah <U U*j 
 
 bam ^ 
 
 , ahl-i-peshali dA-j Jjj>T 
 ceilm-i-mmjanih <j~ss\ Ac 
 jarr-i-sakll J~jj>-,(2ilm-i-adat<^\S\ As. 
 
 masdhat c^ 
 j, tir^J, ceutarid 
 
 Meridian. 
 
 Merman or mermaid 
 Metal, metallic, 
 Mrtalltirgy, 
 ' : tab, 
 Metaphor, 
 Metaphysics, 
 Metempsychosis, 
 Meteor, 
 Mil -a, talc, 
 Microscope, 
 Milky-way, galaxy, 
 Mine, 
 Mineral, 
 Minerals. 
 Mineralogy, 
 Minimum. 
 Minor axis. 
 Mirage, 
 Mirror, 
 .. (eoh ' 
 
 jjb, zuhrl ^j^> nisfu-n-nhar 
 ;^,^ , _ 7 
 
 ka imu-z-zuhnah 
 
 + 
 
 bintu-!-bahr 
 
 muhl J^, matedam <J 
 
 ceilm-i-jilizzat CL?yj JLC 
 
 filizzat cj^jij 
 
 tashblh 
 
 ceilm-i-kalam ^K Ac, al-hai'dt c^L 
 at-tanassukh UsJ 
 
 abhrak 
 
 purbin ^^ l\hurd-bin jj-J 
 kahkashan ^ 
 macedan ^AJC* 
 
 , mcHzdam ,J 
 
 madaniyat ejLj 
 
 ceilm-i-maccdaniyat ci?Ljjjt^ Ac 
 ^ ^, hadd-kaml 
 mihrcar-i-khurd 
 dhnkha l^y^J, . 
 
 amah 
 
78 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 amah-i-muhaddab 
 
 Mirror (convex), 
 
 Mist, fog, fume, 
 
 Mixed, adulterated, 
 
 Momentum, 
 
 Monogram, 
 
 Mood (in grammar), 
 
 Moon, chand 
 
 (new), 
 
 (Ml) 
 
 in conjunction, ijtimdce-i-kamar, ya mail 
 
 in opposition, mukabalah-i-kamar, ya mali *U l> 
 
 amekhtah & 
 sadmah 
 
 slghah 
 
 , kamar 
 hilal 
 badr 
 
 Moon-beam, 
 Moon's disc, 
 Moonlight, moonbeams, 
 Moral philosophy, 
 Mortar, cement, etc. 
 Mortar (hydraulic), 
 Motion, action, 
 
 shucelali-i-mali 
 kurs-i-lcamar or mah *U b 
 chandm <JjuU-, mail-tab 
 cdlm-i-akhlak j 
 
 masalih 
 
 masalih-i-abi ^T J 
 harhat 
 
 ,, (retrograde), raj&-i~kahkari ^JSL^S ^frj bakrl chcil JU- 
 Moveable pulley, clxtrkJii-i-mutahurr''}; CJ^si 
 
 Multiplicand, mazrubflhi <LJ 
 
 Multiplication, 
 
 table, 
 Multiplier (a), 
 To multiply, 
 Myriad (a), 
 
 kazarha 
 
 takasur j&3, zarb ^ 
 
 p 
 kunindah 
 
 N. 
 
 Nadir, 
 
 Natural philosophy, 
 
 Negative. 
 
 in logic. 
 
 simtu-l-kadam 
 
 i,n-'t- 
 
AHTfl AND SCIENCES. 79 
 
 Neutral, musdm 
 
 Nightmare, slnah-ltonddl ^*j 
 
 Nocturnal, shabdnah <OL-$j, fe?/^ ij 
 
 Nomcncljituiv. lughat (JL^ 
 
 Nominative, faceil Jx\j 
 
 Nonagon, mutsice -*o* 
 
 AT JJJ l> C^w.UU *JLC- 
 
 Non-resistance, < . -T'- 77 r j 
 
 L (Badam-i-maKawamat, ya taraddud 
 
 Normal, aamud J^* 
 
 North, uttarj>\, uttar^\, shamal JU-i 
 
 pole, sumeru)j+*~i, kutb-i-shamall JU-1 c-^lw, 
 North-west, ba-eb c 
 
 Northerly, northern, and north-wind, uttara \ji\ 
 
 Northing (passing of sun from N. to S.), uttar-ayan ^^ 
 
 Noun, ism +~>\ 
 
 Numeration, ganit (^~ 
 
 0. 
 
 Oblique, tirra IjT, Wiam *ri-, ghair-i-ceamud 
 
 ,, angle, zawiyah-i-haddah 
 
 f tj*\$\ 
 
 angled triangle, \ . / ^ 
 
 i. musaUas-i-riaddatu-z-zawiyah 
 
 Oblong, muttirjs^y musambace ^~*a* 9 mustatil JJoxu 
 
 Occidental, maghrabl ^ 
 
 Ocean, darya l>j J, bahr-i-muhlt k^s 
 
 Octagon (an), liasht go shall ddr jb ^Li^ u^L&, tasmm ( ^^j 
 Octagon, or octagonal, musammin 
 
 Oculist, 
 
 Octangular, musammin 
 
 Octave, sdmin ^^U, sdminah 
 
 Octuple, hasht-td b c 
 
 Ocular, cjiashml *J> basarl 
 
-. 
 
 80 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Ocular demonstration, mushdhadah 
 
 Olfactory, ahl-i-kurvat-i-shdmmah <L*Li L 
 
 Opaque, nd-shaffd/ uJla-i U, ambakh ^ 
 
 Opacity, ghair shaffdfl J^\xJ* ^ 
 
 Opium, afyun ^^\, afim *-J 
 
 Optical, basari c^r^> bdsirat pamand A}^-J ci^l 
 
 ~ ,. , . . f (mlm-i-manazir-o-miirai/a U*. 
 
 Optics (science of), <^ .f ., ""* 
 
 t ceilm-i-oasar ^ 
 
 Orb, sphere, circle, dalrah &J\A, chambar j?*^, girdah 
 
 Orbicular, mudarcmr jj^, mustadlrj)^ 
 
 Orbit (an), 7naddrJ\^^ dalrah Xj\, 
 
 Orion, jabbdr J^- 
 
 Orthography (science of), imld Ll, rasmu-l-Maff ks^l ^ 
 
 Oscillation, pech-dsd LT *AJ, J2imbish-i-bdd jb ^j^^- 
 
 Oval, bdddml ^\^\j, baizdwl 
 
 Overplus, surplus, afzunl <JjjJ^ ^ <-^_ 
 
 Oviparous, bd-yiz ^\i, an-ddel JjJul, an-ddaj ~> 
 
 P. 
 
 Palind rm ae, maklub-i-mustam 
 
 Paper (marble), 
 
 \karibu-l-baizawl 
 Parabola, 
 
 Parallel, muhazl i_cjU^*, isthvd \ji~A, mutat " . _^ ; 
 
 Parallel line, k1mn-i-i*t'imi \f~A Lr^, /,/>< iit-i-mutandz r t t/j^ 
 
 f shakli-mut <!/>< 1 .: lu-l-a : 
 Parallelogram, < 
 
 Paralytic, a-pattak L! 
 
 mudder 
 
 Psirholion. 
 
 
AKTS \.\!> BCIBNOI8, 
 
 I 'article. 
 
 Parsley lapiiim invuliicratum), ajmud 
 
 Pa\vmrni. kharanja \s 
 
 Pencil (black lead), surmey ka kalam Jj U 
 
 IN'iidtilum, gharri ka lattkan ^^ I? 
 IV-iiiiisiila or island, jazlrah XjSj 
 
 Pontsedrous, jo^j goshah dar J\j */ 
 
 fpam kinar i\i *u, mukhammas u*** 
 Pentagon or pentangular^ < r J c_ v _, jr. 
 
 Periphery, da Irak 
 
 Peristyle, sitawand jJjl^-j, sitdfand 
 
 Perpendicular (geometry), ceamud 
 
 \ khatt-i-miistaklm *Jbw 
 
 Perpetual motion, daur-i-mudam 
 
 Perspective in painting, dur-numa U3 jj J 
 
 Pharmacopeia, macejun-namah <ut> ^ 
 Phenomenon, numalsh-i-nadir jj\j ^jijUj, nadiraU 
 
 Philologer (a), mujawmd 
 Philosopher (a), 
 
 f hikmat paiwand 
 Philosophic, or philosophical, < 
 
 L haklmanah 
 
 Philosopliy, ceilm-i-hikmat L^^X^- Ac, filsifah 
 
 (natural), ctilm-i-tabicel 
 
 Physics, <mlm-i-lnkmat L. 
 
 f mlm-1-namli te~* Ac 
 
 Physiognomy (science of), < ., . . _. -i t \ 
 
 Pier (wharf 1 ), or mole, bandrwjk k 
 
 f (Bumild-i-mimbad J^-J 
 
 Pier, <^ , , , ., 
 
 t pa-yah dar-ml ampul Jj <JV* J J 
 
 satundah ^sc^^ y aumud-i-saghir -** A*, ulln ^- 
 
82 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 khamb ^*, pa yah & b , 
 
 Pillar, 
 
 Pipe, 
 
 Piscatory, 
 
 Pisces (sign of Zodiac), mm ,.**, samak tl 
 
 Plane, hamun ^j^lfc, sath-i-mustawl 
 
 Plane angle, zdnnyah-i-musattah 
 
 Planet, girali tj*, najm +ss?, sayr jA**, sdyrah ^ 
 
 Plaster, dhak LLXfcT, usturkdrl ^jli^l, relchtah te~> 
 
 Pleiades, suriya by, parrcm ^^ 
 
 Plotting, paimdish kd nakshah banana 
 
 Plug or bung, ghatta 
 
 , C hinjd Irs^^, sdkul J^Ls, s<9/ J 
 
 Plummet or plumb-line, u ~ u 
 
 ^ 
 
 JiJ 
 
 Plus (+), 
 
 Pneumatics, 
 
 Point, 
 
 , tip-top, etc., 
 
 ,, (equinoctial), 
 Pointed, sharp-pointed, 
 Polar, knljri 
 
 Pole, 
 
 star, 
 
 ,, (the north) 
 
 (the south), 
 Poles (the two) 
 Polygon, 
 Polygonal, 
 Post-meridian (P.M.), 
 Positive, 
 Pot-ash, 
 Power. 
 
 \ hinjarah ^Wi 
 
 musbit *-**, jamace 
 ceilm-i-ruh ~jj Ac, adlm-i-hawa !y 
 dhru JJ&A, nuktah 
 
 sir j^f am 
 nuktah-i-ia'tiddl J \ JCLC 1 
 
 anl-ddr ,L N 
 , karlbu-l-ki(tb e. 
 
 sitarah 
 amCi 
 kutb-i-junftbi 
 
 kasratu-l-ajndb 
 
 bacedu-z-:>il<r 
 musabbat 
 
 khar \, sltakl~tr ^ 
 ~or f ;, kiocal c. 
 
AKT.S AN!> SCIENCB&, S! 
 
 Preamble, kabil't-H-itufaz JlaJl Jjli 
 
 sion ot'ihr ('((iiinox, hikildb4-nukd 
 
 (squeezing), holfal y 
 
 Principle. 
 Printing (art of), rlhdpna lx>lf>-, (Mop <-jlf 
 
 press, rL 
 
 Pi-ism (a). ustu/vanah 4j\f~A, manshu 
 Prismatic. maw shun 
 
 Pronoun, zavriir j+*<o 
 
 Proof, subut C 
 
 Property, Idw&siah <uU-, kkdssiyat L^- 
 
 Proportion, tandsub ^ 
 
 (arithmetical), i 
 
 silsilah-z-jamace o tajnk 
 
 (geometrical), 
 
 silsilah-i-zarb o taksim 
 
 arba(B-i-mutandsibali 
 
 _ _ 
 tn-mshih 
 
 sittah-i-mutannasi 
 
 N ara(B--muansai <u~:^ - 
 
 (rule of three), _ _ , 
 
 tn-mshih L-^\ 
 
 (double rule of three), 
 
 panj-raskik L-x-i 
 
 Prosody, ceilm-i-cearuz ^^ J-c, aaruz <Ja 
 
 Pulley, charJJil ^>^ t ghirnl J 
 
 ,, (fixed) ghirnl yd charkhl-i-sdldn ^L ^>-j=?- V. s/ 
 
 ( d/r^* , ^-r 2 ^ ^ CJ 
 
 (movable), ,- r \_ S^ 7 ^ " ry 
 
 ( ghirnl ya cjiarkhl-i-mutaharnk 
 
 Pure, unmixed, etc., khdlis ^11^ 
 
 makhrut4-muzalla(Z 
 
 Q. 
 
 Quadrangle, also a ishakl-i-murabbace 
 
 court or square, ) ( chahdr-goshah tJ* j 
 
 Quadrangular, chdhar goshah-ddr \ j iJbp j^>* 9 murabbaa 
 
84 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 azcea 
 
 , rubace dairah aj! J _j 
 , murabbace 
 ?!, arbaceah 
 khdssiyat c^ 
 mikddr 
 
 Quadrant (astronomical), basltah 
 
 Quadrilateral, chahdr goshah-ddr 
 
 Quadruple, chahar-ckand 
 
 Quality, 
 
 Quantity, 
 
 Quarantine, 
 
 ,, (to perform), 
 Quarry, 
 Quay, wharf, 
 Quicklime, 
 Quicksand, 
 
 Quintuple, panj-to y -^u, khamsat-i-azcedf uJUj' 
 
 Quinquangular, mukhammas IJ^AS?* , panj goshah-ddr ,lj <Li^^x. 
 Quota, 
 Quotient (in arithmetic), 
 
 khaincJina 
 , kan-i-sang 
 
 R. 
 
 Radical, 
 
 Radii (of wheels), 
 
 Radius, 
 
 Rafter, 
 
 . 
 
 dhanak 
 
 bahrah 
 mablagh .L^, M, 
 
 kcnehl kl tirchhl kam 
 J, fcaws-i-fatzaji _jjj 
 ^^ tadicelb u 
 dcrcar-i-kakmh 
 
 Rainbow, 
 
 Ramification, sM 
 
 Rampart, or ramphv, 
 
 Rasp (coarse file for wood), 
 
 Ratio, nisbat ^^^J, anddzah AJ^JJ!, ^-<7;7^ ^^, Jiasb u. 
 
 Rational (in opposition to a surd), wtuntijc < * 
 
 Ray, shucedce 
 
 Recoil, wakfB ^J^, bdz-jast \~**M&- j\i, pas-kash \JL 
 
 Rectangular, 
 
AllTS AND SCIENCES. 
 
 85 
 
 (double distilled 
 spirit); 
 Rectilinear, 
 Reduplication, 
 Reflection, 
 Reft 
 
 Refraction, 
 
 Regular figure, 
 Re-percussion, 
 
 lu'sidue, surplus, 
 
 bund-kl-bund 
 sharab-i-dp-atashah 
 J&att-i-miistakim-dar 
 
 ++&^** 
 
 inmkas-i-shuceace clx 
 maa'kas 
 
 inhirdf-i-shucedce clx-i 
 inhincLl-i-sJmcedce cU^S, ^ 
 shakl-i-muntazam 
 
 in&ikds 
 
 Resistance, 
 
 ( muzahamat 
 
 Rest and motion, 
 
 Result, 
 
 Resultant, 
 
 Resultant of force, 
 
 Retrograde, pas-i-pd b 
 
 Reverberation, 
 
 Revolver (a pistol), 
 
 Revolving, 
 
 Rhomboid, 
 
 Rhombus, 
 
 Ricochet, 
 
 Ridge, 
 
 Rigid, 
 
 Rill (a), 
 
 Row, range, continuous line, saf ^ji^ 
 
 In a row, saf -saf ^La u-.i*, aull-saull 
 
 ( arbcugimutandsibah 
 
 Rule of Three (single) 7 . , . / . 
 
 trl-rasjrt/f ^x-i ; 
 
 r\y, mufcawamat UL. 
 
 mumdnaceat 
 sukunat-o-harkat L^->- _ 
 
 nafijah 
 muhassal J^s-^ 
 zor-i-muhassal J- 
 ^LJ?-|J, mutardji(B 
 radd-i-sadd 
 
 tamdnchali-i-dauTvdr j\^ 
 nwfsid-kush ^ 
 
 dauwdr 
 
 shablh-i-muceayyan ^^x-* 
 mu&ayyan 
 
 (v. Uappd khdnd \j\ L5) ttappa L!> 
 ridd'h s'^j, magar 
 sakht karrd \J* ^^ 
 Hair 
 
86 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Kule of Three (double), 
 
 S. 
 
 sittah-i-mutanasibah 
 
 panj-raskik tlXi 
 
 dhann ^4, kaus 
 pal Jl), badbdn ^.^ 
 khezan ^y^ , jiliindah *J^- 
 reg *g.> ret L^-O 
 
 Sagittarius, 
 
 Sail (of a boat, etc.), 
 
 Salient, 
 
 Sand, 
 
 (fine), 
 Saturn, 
 Scaffold, 
 
 Scale, gradation, 
 Scalene triangle musallas-i 
 Scantling (a) 
 Science, 
 Sciences (the), 
 Scientific, 
 Scintillation, sitar-afganl 
 
 Scoria, 
 
 Scorpio, brischik 
 
 Screw, 
 
 Sea, samudr 
 
 Season, 
 Secant, 
 Second (a), 
 Section, adhyaya 
 (division), 
 Sector, 
 Segment, 
 
 of a circle, \ 
 
 kism-i-dalrah ^}J ++s 
 
 Semicircle (a), mzfu-d-dairah >jL\^(^L3J, nrm,-dlr<il< ^j\ 
 
 samchar jss#** t zuhal 
 
 darj\A,paflcj\* 
 
 tadnj -^JJ 
 
 u4-azalaaA^\U^"^J^^ 
 kat(B ^*>t kittfah 
 widtSj, bid Ju, (Biln 
 teulum 
 
 mdya-n'an ^jb^jj 
 , zakTnkh of sham 
 
 ^, bichhu ^p^l, ccakrab L 
 -^.o 
 
 or samundar j^^^, bahr 
 aiyam +\f\, mausim 
 
 , karan 
 
 daJcikah u 
 
 , mkshah4-tarak 
 
 Jv^j, kit (Bah 
 
ARTS AND SCIENCES. 
 
 Sexangular, 
 
 Sextuple, 
 Shadow, 
 
 Shallow, not deep, 
 Sidereal time, 
 Sine, cosine, and 
 
 versed sine of 
 
 an arc, 
 Sine, tangent, and secant,^' 
 Siphon, 
 
 Sirius, the Dog Star, 
 Sketch, rough copy, 
 Sky, 
 Slope, 
 Sluice, 
 Solar, 
 
 system, 
 
 ., time, 
 Solid, dense, 
 Solid angle, 
 Solidity, density, 
 Solstice (summer), 
 
 (winter), 
 
 shash-khanah J\z. 
 shash-go.shah-dar j\ j ajj 
 b ijl-i, sittah-i-azceaf 
 
 amanah-i-kankall 
 , jeb-i-mustawl f 
 
 kalbu-l-jabbdr 
 a-kas (j*^, falak 
 Jchorcib ujU 
 
 Solve (to), 
 
 Soluble, 
 
 Soot, 
 
 Sour* 
 
 South, 
 
 Span (a), 
 
 jeb-i-macekus ck haws Id 
 mamdss o sahm ^^^ u*\*<* c_^->. 
 kussdbat o-oL 
 , shiaera 
 taswld 
 L ; , dsmdn 
 
 ddhal JU3 
 darddzah 8j\Jjj 
 
 shamsl 
 
 nizam-i-shamsl 
 zamdnah-i-shamsl 
 munjamid Jc4^=sx^, mujdssam 
 zawiyah-i-mujassamah ^u^' 1 
 bastagl ( Jcwu*j, injimad 
 rdsu-l-saratan ^ 
 rds-u-l-jadl 
 dakkhindyan-suraj 
 
 karnd 
 
 j' 
 
 o I 
 
 dudah i 
 
 masdar jju^, ceayn ^J-A, bar-amad j^l 
 
 janub ij* 
 biland Juib, fo'feA jjlJj, bilixht t^- 
 
88 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Span of an arch, rcatr-i-mihrdb c. 
 
 Spar (marcasite), marfcasklta 
 Spark, akhgar X>-1, dtash-pdrah 
 
 Speculum, amah 
 
 Specific gravity, rvazn-i-mafehsus ^^^ 
 
 Sphere, kurah *js, go-l 
 
 ,, (celestial), sipihir 
 
 (mudarcrdr ( .j^, kurram ^./, mustadlr jjc 
 Spherical, - - j , . - 
 
 ' kurah asd U-l 
 
 ( kurram musallas 
 
 triangle, , 
 
 I musallas-i-mudarcnir jy 
 
 Spherically, kurah-wdr-dnah aj^j - 
 
 Lens or glass spherically convex both sides, anz 
 
 Spherule, muhrah if^f*, kurah-i-kuchak L!^>-^ . 
 
 Spiral, pech-ddr J\A ^, lawlabl ^ 
 
 Spire, mindrah ^l^, mindr ^ 
 
 Spoke of a wheel, fardsh ^ 
 
 Sponge, mud-bddal Jjb \^, abr-i-murdah x^j* j\, isfanj ^ 
 Spy-glass, telescope, durbln ^ 
 
 Square, (v. murabbaa karnd \jjs -{/) murabbace *_^ 
 
 root, 
 
 of a number, 
 Stack, heap, etc., ddkerjj*5, ambdr j\+J\, attal c 
 Stair or stair-case, zinah <^J, nardabdn ^b 
 
 (step of a), darjah ^-^, pa-yak t 
 
 Star (planet), najmu-s-sdyr j\Ji\ W', haichab c--o/. xifilrah ^ 
 Stars, l;mrri];'ib ^^ 
 
 ,, (fixed), y Ufa hit c^ : 
 
 Starlings, db-tardsh 
 
 Station, place, jac, ^l^-. nntkam /li.. 
 Stave, 
 Steam, M < ?l^, bukhar <Ur, duHnn ^>- 
 
MiTS AM' <C1KNCES. 
 
 dukhdrii-kal j <J^>-j^ 
 boat, strainer, jahdz-i-dtash (jioljl^, ay-boat ci^j 
 
 To si ciuii. bukhdr karna U^ 
 
 S 1 1 '< '1 . ^jt?a ei>LJ , fulad 
 
 iple, mlndrj\~*, mindrah 
 
 Steps, ^!waA <ujj, slrrJd 
 
 Stone, 
 
 bridge, pul-i-sangl 
 
 work, of solid stone, 
 
 Strata, purr at c^Jj, tabkah &lc, tah-i-zamm ( j+ 
 
 Stratum, ^^a 
 
 Stream, ramangl 
 
 Stream (up or opposite the current), 
 
 Strength, sakat L^L;, ktirvat ci 
 
 . C c 
 
 ,, of building materials,-) 7 _ . . 7 - _ 
 
 (.kurcat-i-ashyai saman-i-ceamarat 
 
 Stretching-course, pattion kd raddali 
 
 String-course, kangnl kd raddali 
 
 Student, bidyar-Uhl ^j.bjj, talib-i-cdlm Jo: J- 
 
 Style, ^A^ J^-2> taurjjb t tarah -Jb, mazac 
 
 Styptic, ceufiisat ^^<jLz, ccafas ^ss. , jdmid 
 
 Sublimation (in Chemistry), is&dd jU^\, tasceld ju^- 
 
 Submarine, tahtu-l bahr ys\!l c 
 
 TelegTaph, ^a^ ^?}'^ cfor?/a m^w ^^ l>^ 
 Sub-tangent, mumdssu-l-cearz 
 
 Subterraneous, tahtu-l-arz 
 
 Subtile, lank tlXjjU, 
 
 Succedaneum, -^^ 
 
 Sum, jamacB *-~*zr , jumlah <d^-, majmuceli 
 
 Sinn-total, kuljamaa 
 
 Summer, maMSum-i-garmi ^jf +*tf*, garma \*j, tabistan ^L^lj' 
 Sun, shams 
 
00 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Sunbeam, partaw-i-a/tab c-^j 
 
 Sunshine, roshnal a/tab 4_^lcJT ^U-iijj, zawau-sh-shams ( j U j^\ Jj 
 Sun's course, tarlku-sh-shams ^j^J^\ ^ 
 
 disc or face, #wrs ^p^,parhun ^ 
 
 Sun-dial, da'lmh-i-hindl ^iXJb *^1 J, 6?A% gharri 
 
 ( basit L-wuj, sctf-/^ ,-s:^* 5 , musattub , 
 Superficial, ' ;_ .. ; ' S? 
 
 ( uparlayj], surat-numa UJ ci? 
 
 Superfices, 5^/A 
 
 Superfluous, afzud 
 
 ( upar ki ceamdrat c^jl? , 
 
 Superstructure, , * i-*-.*- 4i - 
 
 ( ceamarat-i-bala i ^ b d^ 
 
 Supplement of an arc, tamami ek sau assl darjah k>-j ! A * 
 
 Surd, #;?#?? 
 
 (in opposition to a), rational, muntjk t i 
 
 (square root of a), 
 
 Surface, 
 
 of the earth, 
 of the globe, 
 of the water, 
 
 Surplus, overplus, 
 
 Surveying, 
 
 Suspension, 
 
 juzr-t-asamm *^1 
 ^'5^ tLj, rw'e ^j, w/// 
 
 rwV zamm 
 
 bisat-i-kaun o makan ^l^ ^ 
 rw'e a^ 
 ^?^ ci^'O, afzurii ji. 
 
 J */ T-! 
 
 paimaisk zamm kl 
 
 awezish {JHJ*J\ , arcezan ^^ 
 , , bridge, jte% kapuljj^ ^^r , pul-i-anezan J\j t j\ Jj 
 Swamp, 
 
 Switch (railway), kenchl sarrak aha id lu ^J> ^^\ cJj 
 Syllabus, Jilirint c^l^j,^'/^v'x 
 
 Syllogism (logic), kaziyah <Ua5, /% 
 
 absolute, ^/^/// JJ J, kiya*->-<l,-t<rnnl J^ii 1 
 
 conditional, 
 
 j~- 
 
 (a), 
 
MITS AND SCIBNI 
 
 Dl 
 
 Symbols, 
 
 E .mrtry, 
 
 ' f dnwt c 
 , jawab s 
 
 
 mukhtasar ^Jr^ , ijmal 
 mihkanah &&.", pichharl 
 
 nizam p\&) , tank <jj 
 T. 
 
 jadwal-i-logarmm J 
 
 J 
 
 Syringe, 
 3 cin, 
 
 Table, 
 
 of logaritluns, 
 
 ;, of sine, cosine, etc., . 
 
 [jeo-i-mustam, ojeo-i tamam, rcaghairali 
 
 Tackle, 
 Talc, mica, 
 Tangent, 
 
 , sine, and secant j'^, i? mumass, o sahm 
 Tar, 
 Taurus, 
 Teclinical, 
 Telegraph, 
 
 electric, 
 (submarine), 
 
 mumass 
 
 -^, kataran 
 ^m (jw^, 
 lughafm jyA, istildhl 
 
 { ff T^ 
 
 ( muKhbir-i-kah-ruba I tahtu-l-bahr 
 
 durbln 
 
 ab 
 mtiddl Jl jcx ^ , futurat cu ( yij 
 
 ( ! ^ J 1 ^ 1 V. ^jr- ; 
 
 C juturat, yd mtidal-i-kana 
 Tempered well (steel), sharp as a sword, ab-dar 
 
 Tempering, 
 
 Telescope, 
 
 i.er (of steel), 
 ; -erature, 
 
 Temperature of weather, 
 
 ab-dar banana U 
 
 < > 
 
TIIEBAUBUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Tempest, storm, 
 
 Template, 
 
 Temple (Hindu), 
 
 Tension, 
 
 Tepid, 
 
 Term, 
 
 Terminus, 
 
 Terraqueous, 
 
 Terrestrial, 
 
 globe, 
 Tesselated, 
 Test, 
 
 tufdn ^U 
 ^ ddsah & 
 
 demal J^t), mandir j 
 khichao . 
 
 mm garni * >-J, shir gar m 
 rukn ^j, martabah <LJ^ 
 
 muntaha' . ^z^*, anjdm +\s 
 
 (to), 
 
 az bar o bahr 
 zamlnl 
 
 kurah-i-arz 
 
 mu&ayyan 
 
 imtahan ^IsLtt) azmalsh (J^\*j\ , janch 
 { azmalsh karnd \jj* {JMJ\<*\\ , janch: 
 \ imtahan lend UJ 
 
 tamdsh all -gdli 
 
 tlieoddolite c: 
 kiydsl L c-ilJ, khiydll JL 
 Jdyds ^Uj?, khiydl ^JL 
 dlat hardrat hi ^J> ci?j^>- 
 mukaddamah <UJJU, masdar j^^t, mart.^ha 
 
 tandar 
 
 , lijll 
 
 
 Theatre, 
 
 Theodolite, 
 
 Theoretical, 
 
 Theory, 
 
 Thermometer, 
 
 Thesis (a), 
 
 Thunder, 
 bolt, 
 
 Thyme, wild marjoram, 
 
 Tide, jo'dr bhdttd madd-o-juzr jjc>- ^ J^ 13 L j 
 
 (neap), juzr bhdttd \3l# j 
 
 ,, (spring), kutdrj\'j, jo > drj\^>~, madd 
 
 Tin, Xv/to ^^^j ?*^ ? y C 
 
 Tinning, mw^ / kalccl karna 
 
 Tools, '/ y^\~) hatliiydr jL 
 
 Tooth, d<ui(ltii>'ilt 
 
 or cog of a wheel, dandtiiutlt pnh'ujnl 
 
 Toothed or cogged \\lieel, danddnah-ddr pahiyah <u 
 
 y 
 
 ^<^V 
 iparj\ 
 
M5TS AND SCIK\ 1C 5 
 
 Topography, ta$fi$U'l-bildd c> 
 
 Torrid /one; mintakatu-l-malirukaU 
 
 Touchstone, kasauttl ^Jj^, kasdnd liL*f, aaydrj^, sang 
 Tower. mlndrj\+st, mindr jL^, Imrj ^^ 
 
 Trajectory, jihcnkl gal shal kd madar j\s9 If ^J* 
 Train mel, parkdr-i- baizam 
 
 Transmarine, mdwardu-l-bahr j&\\\ ^t, ccubur-i-darya b 
 Transparency, skaffdfl <jU-i 
 
 Transparent, shaffdf ^uJU-i 
 
 Transverse, arra U : T, drrj\, ceamud lambal lie ,-f ^L*! 
 
 f mihroar-i-kalan . If 
 axis or diameter, < 7 .. ^ 
 
 Ibarra mihnar j^s* \y> 
 
 section, tar ash lambal kc 
 
 1 skald ckkdr zalace kl 
 
 #/i akl-i-zu -arbaceati-l-azaldce c 
 munkarif uJ,^i 
 
 Trapezoid, musdnlu-l-ceumiid j^ucS ! <^j 
 
 Trellis, shabdkat c: 
 
 Trenail, ^ lakrrl kl ^f ^o^j 
 
 Triangle, also tripartite, sih-goshah tJ* a^, musallas ci 
 
 (base of a), /<? 
 
 (acute angled), 
 
 L musaUas-i'lmddatii-z-zamyah 
 
 (equilateral), musallas-i-musdm A ^ A 
 
 (isosceles), 
 
 (oblique or scalene), 
 
 (obtuse angled), < 
 
 L miisaUas-i-munja r njuta-z-2a/>'(i/alt 
 
 (right angled), musallas-i-kalmah A*J[S ^t^ 
 
 (perpendicular or shortest side of), 
 
 . 
 .<? -i-muKh taliju-l-azlace 
 
THESAURUS OP TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 . 
 
 5 
 
 Triangle (spherical), musallas-i-kuramcl 
 
 Triangular, tikoniyd \^)j,*saldsl 
 
 (rule for carpenters), kos ^ 
 
 Trigon, triform, sagdnah <0' 
 Trigonometry, cdlm-i-rasad Jw?j Ac, mlm-i-wiusallas cAi 
 
 Trilateral, sih-jdnib c-^oU- <U, musallas 
 
 Trine (stars), te/.< 
 
 Triple, ft'^ra V 
 
 Triplicate, ratio, musallas ahu-bi-t-taknh ^^V 
 
 Tripod, tirpad jjy , s^joa'^ ^\-^-, ttipal ^1-5 
 
 Trivet, iir-klmnttl ^j j> 
 
 Tropic of Capricorn, Matt-i-jadl ^j^>- ^~ 
 
 ,, Cancer, Matt-i-saratdn ^ 
 
 Tropics (the), Tchatt-i-saratdn ojadl ^ 
 
 Truncated, makhrut ^^*, maktuce 
 
 cone, makhrut-i-ndkis 
 
 Tube, phonphl ^.j&> 
 
 Tunnel, andarunl rastah A^-JJ , 
 
 Twilight, s<z/k 
 Twinkling (as of the stars), tirmirdnd sitdron kd \ ^J^^ 
 
 U. 
 
 Uniformity, e/^a^ ^UJo, mwvdfakat ^ 
 
 Unit (an), yak-til j^^i y^ '-^C^, tV 
 
 Unity, y a/da I LJ>^.> yakdnagl 
 
 f jhamkd IC*^>-, bandtu-n-na&sh ^JucJI 
 
 Ursa Major, | dubb-i-akbar J\ 
 
 Minor, dubb-i-<i*f///ar jL 
 
 [ 
 
 \ 
 
 V. 
 
 ceadam-i-mumtaliyat L^A 
 
ARTS AND SCIEfl 
 
 Valley, ditrnth ijJ, wadl t/^V> ^n ^, tarn I \j, hlnldnr ^ 
 \"al\( i . faishrat C- 
 
 Vapour, bdph ^>b, taf^JH, bul&a 
 
 Vapours, exhalations, abkhirah 
 
 V amble (quantity, makadir-i-miita^ayyar ^jc^ ^^ 
 
 Variation, tartlb L-^-J/, tabd'di ^^ juj', tagh&yyur j*j 
 
 of the moon, fte^s 6> kamal-i-kamar j*i JU^ ^ 
 Vein of metal, shakk-i-filizzat c^Jjli 
 
 Velocity, raftfiTj\sjj, chustl ^M&~, surteat i 
 Venetian blind, 
 
 Venns (planet), sukrj~>, zukrah 
 
 N'erbcration, zarb < ^?, taaenah 
 
 \'crnal, 5a 
 
 equinox, i<ztiddl-i-rabi<zi ^f+>j J!JCLC!, no-roz j 
 
 Vernier, wernier 
 
 scd sine, jeb-i-mu&kus <jx* S 
 
 Vertex, zenith, chouttl ^^, simtu-r-rds (j\^\ 
 
 Vertical, aumud-i-ufuk ^ 
 
 Vessel or pan, drcand 
 
 f harkat-i-mutazalzal 
 
 Vibration, < . 7 . ' _ 
 
 t jumbim-i-pesh o pas ^^ j 
 
 \ khutr taraf bah taraf ^j\s & cJ 
 \irg-o (sign of Zodiac, < " J . " . >T , 
 
 L sambulah <0ux-j, tirmirakatt 
 
 Visible, ?an^ fv^? zdhir 
 
 ,, horizon, ufuk-i-zahirl ^$j 
 
 Vitreous, 
 
 Vitrification, , 
 
 taghayyur oa-zujaj VsO^ 
 
 Volcano, koh-i-atash-fishan ^lAi ^jioT * , jabalu-n-nar jUll 
 Volunn 1 , jasdmat c^Lu^, f^' 
 
 Vulgar fractions, kusur-i-ff'dm *\*. 
 
IK) TIIESAIIMS OF TECHNICAL TEH. MS. 
 
 w. 
 
 Waggon, cart, 
 
 Wall, 
 
 Wall-plate, dasah 
 
 Warehouse, kotthl ^<$, goddm 
 
 Watch or clock, gharri c_#C sd-ceat 
 
 Water, db i_M, pdnl 
 
 (running) rivulet, (_,..._ ( 7 - / 
 
 j ab-i-jan ^,U- c_>l, ab-i-rawan 
 current, stream, ) 
 
 (repository of), ab-JMnah 
 
 ,, (a swell of), also soil from which water "I ^_u e 
 
 rises if but dug into slightly, J 
 
 (brackish, salt, or sea), khdrdpdnl Jlj \j\ 
 Water-cement (waterproof), dbl-masdli 
 
 Wave, ' 
 
 Weather, hdlat-i-hawd \^> \*z*i\>- mattsim 
 
 Weather-cock, a vane, bdd-numd 
 
 Wedge (a), 
 
 Weight, 
 
 Weights, 
 
 Well (a), 
 
 (foundation), hue yd ckdh kl bunydd jL^ ^J ^U- l> 
 W.'.st (the), pachcliham *%s, gharl c-y^, magihnb <- 
 
 Wharf, landing-place ghah 
 
 \\lnirnnger, ghattmar j\f, ghatttrnl 
 
 Wlictstone, dsidnah ^LJT, san kapaUhar^ 
 
 / baroanddar A^, bandhawa \*x>^, baguld 
 Whirlwind, | JwiflrfjU^ 
 
 Whirlpool, vortex, eddy, bhahwarj^, bhauhra\jj# t ffirdab<-j 
 
 Wind, y^/w ^,^, Imn-ri 
 
 Windlass, try/tad jlcj^, manjaiuL L.^i dharfehl 
 
 
 
 L 
 b 
 
TUHKS, (JAKIU-NS, KTC. ( J7 
 
 Windmill, paun-chakfft <^ hawa-chak/ti 
 
 Wool, pashm +./', un ^\ 
 
 Y. 
 
 Y.'iir, baras ^^j, sal JL 
 
 (leap), sal-i-kablsah &*j~ JL 
 
 Z. 
 
 Zenith, simtu-n-nazar Jad\ L^V-J, simtu-r-ras 
 
 Zero, 
 
 Zodiac, mintakatu-l-buruj ^^\ * ^'-r, mmtakali tj 
 
 Zone, mintakah 4&lai^, kamr ^ 
 
 ,, (frigid), mintakatu-l-mabrudah 
 
 ,, (temperate), mintakatu-l-mucetadilah 
 
 ,, (torrid), mintakatu-l-mahrukah 
 
 XIII.-TREES AND THEIR TIMBER, GARDENS, ETC. 
 
 Acacia tree (Mimosa 1 z .,_ M . ,_, / ^ /, / -/ t 
 
 > mughailan yfc*<+, kikarr jL, babul J^j 
 
 Arbour, diraJditistan ^l^u^r 
 
 Avenue, rawish ( 
 
 Bay tree (Laurus cassia), taj 
 
 Box tree, shamshad jU 
 
 Box, shamshad 
 Brake, 
 
 Chesnut, shah-ballilt\s^j *Ll 
 
 Cypress, s# rw 
 
 Deal (sorts), dwdarj\j^ 
 
 Dill (Ligusticum ajowan), ajwayan ^\)?r 
 
 Elm, ^o^4 il 
 
 7 
 
98 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS, 
 
 rrjj 
 
 I 
 
 ud(MfrbaTj*A 
 
 batt cl-o, barr l l 
 
 plpal 
 chilghozali *jy*L>-, nashtar j^ 
 
 jangal J^r, ban ^ 
 banl 
 
 barrl i_; : V> bagh 
 bagh-chah ^js. 
 
 bostdn ^^^, phidndrrl ^ 
 banl 
 
 updban j 
 
 (To fence, barr bdndhnd li^jjb ?b), ^arr ^ 
 5oyA cb, ^a/r 
 
 Fig, glomerous (Ficus glomerata), 
 Fig (Indian) (Ficus Indica), 
 ,, (holy) (Ficus religiosa), 
 Fir, 
 
 Forest or wood, 
 (small), 
 
 Garden, orchard, etc., 
 
 ,, (small), 
 
 (flower), 
 Grove (a), 
 
 ,, (artificially planted), 
 Hedge, fence, 
 Kitchen garden, 
 
 Oak (also the chestnut), shdh-ballut 
 
 Olive (wild), the tree and wood, zaitun ^p. 
 
 Orchard, fruit garden, bagh c 
 
 Palisade, railing, katfh-ghara \^2i, hatfhara 
 
 Pllu (Salvadora Persica), 
 Plan<\ 
 Poplar, 
 
 Sal (Shorea robusta, Kox.), 
 Shisham (Sesu dalber.), 
 Tamarisk (Tamarix Indica), 
 Teak, 
 
 Tim (C'cilrcta tuna), 
 Underwood, brake, 
 Wood, timber, 
 
 Won. I, (<>!( 'St. 
 
 (small), 
 
 
 pllu jL, 
 dwnarj\ 
 
 saplddr j\ Ju--:, tdgh c 
 s; J 1 
 shlsham 
 
 jhdu ^ 
 
 *(l(/u.n ^ 
 
 tun ...o 
 
 clob -r-' 
 jangal 
 
SHIPPLNGK BOATS. AND ftlVBB X A VI CATION. 
 
 XlY,-SIIilTL\(J, BOATS, AND RIVER NAVIGATION, 
 
 Abaft, pich/m'drrd \j\j$= 
 
 Aboard (ship), jahdz-par ^ j^^ 
 
 Afloat, * bahtd \ 
 
 Aft. pichkwarra 
 
 Aground, kindrey par attkd hud \^b &5V^ c_j^ 
 
 to run (act.), kinarey charrhdnd bltoj^- 
 
 ,, to run (neut.), kinarey cha'rrhna l^J:^ c^ 
 
 Anchor, Iwgar 
 
 ., (to), langar marna UjU 4oJ, langar ddalna Ullj x.! 
 
 Arsenal, dockyard, kdr-Hanali djl>. ,1^ 
 
 Ashore (on shore), kinarey par ^ c_j^ 
 
 ,, to run (act.), kinarey charrkdnd l)Uj>- c_j^ 
 
 ,, to run (neut.), kindrey charr/md LftJ>- c _jlif 
 
 Bank of a river, kind rah ^' ^ 
 
 ,, (steep, precipitous), a cliff, a precipice, ddh&ng c^-'U5 
 
 .. (sand) or shoal, char ^ 
 
 Banks of a river, high and steep, arrdrrd \*\j\ 
 
 Barge, parrod or parr/* 
 
 Bargeman, mdnjhl .^sr'U 
 
 Bark, boat, fom IJ^H, nao j\J, Lisln ^j 
 
 Barnacle, (Bengal) siyala-poka 
 
 Barrel, cask, 
 
 Bay, creek, /7^7r7 ojl 
 
 (large), a gulf, (>alr 
 
 ;:, shore, l;'/nrirli. 
 
 Belaying-pin. hkiutftl 
 
 Block. //^7/v7 !,'c,. f/l'hn r*$, ghiml Jz 
 
 gkii'nl ekk&n ^?ji 
 //// dolt in ^'.** 
 
100 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Block (treble), 
 Boat, 
 
 ,, (ferry-boat), 
 
 ,, (large), a lighter, 
 
 ,, (master of a), 
 Boat-hook, a pole used as, 
 
 J wa o fvala * ' U 
 Boatman, j 
 
 Boatswain, 
 
 The bottom, 
 
 Bottom, below, between-decks, 
 
 Bottom of a boat or ship, 
 
 Bottom up, 
 
 Breech of a gun, 
 
 Breeze (also gust or puff), 
 
 Broadside, volley, 
 
 Buoy, a float, 
 
 or beacon, 
 Cable, 
 Cabin, 
 Canvas, 
 
 bag, 
 Cargo, 
 Cask, barrel, 
 Caulking, 
 To caulk, 
 Cloud or clouds, 
 Coast, strand, beach, 
 Coil of rope, etc., 
 Company (ship's), 
 
 iss (mariner's), kufJb- 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 gkirnl teharl t_^- 
 berrl ^gj-o, kishtl ^j^, nao 
 parro'a or parrwa \ 
 bharr ' 
 ttanddil JjJuS 
 balla 
 
 htl'TDdn .^\^J^, manjhl 
 u f^ . 
 
 oerrl-rcala jij 
 
 gaWiaiya L^lf, sar-hang 
 
 talhatti ^, tali 
 
 penda 
 tale-upar j\ 
 penda 
 jhoka ^^r, jhok c 
 
 shallakh or shaikh 
 tirenda \&*>* tirend 
 
 (chain, zanjlr j+s-p, burj ^j 
 dabusah <LJ*JJ 
 
 ojarr JU>-1 ^^ <JL?15 
 y/ 
 
 pipa L*. 
 (j 1i< nil L ^ 
 (/lit ml kar 
 
 nhr j\ t badal J^'o 
 kinarah x \\ 
 
 y 
 
 s 
 
 peck -*o 
 
 i U3 J 
 
 s 
 
SHIPPING, BOAT*, AND RIVER NAVIGATION. 101 
 
 dig i^/J, dissd LJ, dis /^j 
 
 Compass (a point of), 
 
 Cord, string, etc., 
 
 Creek (small bay), 
 
 Cn-ck (dock), 
 
 Crew, 
 
 ("'urn-lit, stream, 
 
 (with the), 
 Deck (the), 
 
 Decks (two), of two decks, 
 Deep water, 
 Demurrage, 
 Dock, 
 
 yard, 
 
 Drag, grappling-iron, 
 Dry-rot, 
 Ebb-tide, 
 Ebb (to), 
 
 rassl 
 
 khal Jl^, kol "J/ 
 Marl i 
 guroli 
 
 dhdrd IjUj, bhdtthd 
 bhdtthiydl 'JLgSl^. >, bhdtthl 
 i> takhtah &?, 
 
 do-manzilah 
 
 goharl 
 hi an 
 kar-Jchanah aj'l^jl 
 ankorrd \jj 
 
 ghun 
 
 bhdtthd l^3l^j, utdr j\$\ 
 bhaMiydnd UU 
 
 (with the, or with the stream), bhdtthiydl JU|!l#, bhdtthl 
 Ebb and flow, madd-o-jazr <y>- ' 
 
 bJiamvar 
 ddanddd 
 bdd-i-shurtah tbjj* jb, bdd-i-murdd jl^ 
 
 Eddy, 
 
 Ensign staff, 
 Fair-wind, 
 Fathom, 
 Ferry, ford, 
 Ferry-man, 
 Fishing raft, 
 
 Fisherman, 
 
 Fish, 
 To fish, 
 Flag-staff, 
 Fleet (a), 
 
 guzar 
 guzar-wdn 
 
 tdpd 
 
 mdhl 
 
 mdhl-gir j 
 
 , machhl ^s^, maMl 
 machhll pakdsrrnd Ir-Jo 
 
 77^ 7 7 
 
 adandad 
 
102 
 
 THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 Float (a raft), 
 
 (a buoy), 
 To float, 
 To float off (to launch), 
 
 To founder, 
 
 urrap c- 
 tirendd \xjy, fir end Jcjy 
 
 baknd 
 
 bahdnd lil^j, bhasdnd li' 
 f ghark-db ho-jdnd \jW 
 L ghark ho-jand l)U- 
 
 baJitd 
 
 galahl -j^if, dgal J^ 1 
 bad-i-muftfadlif i*Jb{s* 
 
 tufdn J6 
 shlskah-sdce'at Lz^z\ 
 
 bahr 
 
 mandal 
 
 ddaldrd 
 kdnddl 
 , bandar 
 
 Floating, afloat, 
 
 Foam, froth, 
 
 Forecastle, prow, 
 
 Foul wind, 
 
 Gale of wind, a storm, 
 
 Glass (hour), 
 
 Gulf, large bay, 
 
 Gust of wind, puff, breeze, jhapkd 
 
 Hammock, 
 
 Handspike, 
 
 Harbour, 
 
 Haven, port, 
 
 Hawser, thick track rope. 
 
 Helm, rudder, patwdl Jlyy, patwdr j\fj, sukkdn c 
 
 Helmsman, 
 
 Hold (the), 
 
 Hour-glass, 
 
 Hull (the), 
 
 Island (an), 
 
 ,, (small), a shoal, 
 Lake (a), small sea, 
 To launch, 
 
 Lead (sailor who heaves), 
 Lighter, bar 
 Lighthoi] 
 line, 
 
 j king at c^Jl^, sukkdnl J 
 
 shlshah-sa-ceat d 
 
 pOSt vi. 
 
 jazlrak *ji n ^- 
 char _>. 
 
 J V 
 
 ^, jtdld LJ-, 
 
 hi' a sat id \j 
 shinas 
 
 fauns 
 
 //v//// 
 
SlIIITlNii. .l!u\TS, \N1) KlVKl: NAVIGATION. I 1 
 
 L <\\ water, low tide. 8kattha\\#, utdr < 
 
 Maritime 4 , naval, 1 . , _ , 7 _, 
 
 jakazl L^ jW^> darya I ,u J, 0##r? 
 Marine, nautical, J 
 
 Mariner, sailor, jahdzl (.Jj^r, malldh 
 
 ,, (master), nd-Hudd I 
 
 ,, (supercargo), karn- dhar j\&4 ^j* , charrhanddr ^ 
 
 Mast (a), fi r jt* ' ^^^ Jj^> /^//aw /*l^?, ^ai 
 
 Month of a river, or of a watercourse, or canal, dnhanah *j 
 
 Xautical, 1 , _,_ ., . ,_ 
 
 daryai ^b ,j, jahazi u^jL^-, 
 IN aval, maritime, J 
 
 Navigation, seamanship, ndMudal ^Jo-lj, malldh-i 
 
 Xavy (a), a fleet, ^^? 
 
 Oakum, 
 
 Oar, paddle, dddndd Jo 15, c 
 
 Oarsman, dddnddl 
 
 Ocean (the), aumman ^U*, darya b jt>, samundar 
 
 Paddle, dddndd Jo 15, chappu 
 
 Passage, voyage, 
 
 uger, also supercargo, musdfir j>^ cjiarrhanddr 
 Pin or belaying-pin, /fh until ^ <2J 
 
 Pitch, ^/ J^, /$ 
 
 Point of the compass, <$^ <^/j, ^aa Lsj, ^', 
 
 Pole for pushing along or steering a boat, 
 
 ,, (bamboo) Halah 
 
 Port, haven, harbour, mandal Jjux, bandar jjco 
 
 Port-hole, kangurah * 
 
 Port-lire, ras-battl , --^ 
 
 Prow, forecastle, galahl -vl^, dgal\\S 
 
 Pull', or gust of wind, jhapkd \L+p*-,jhoka ^^, jkok cl5*^ 
 Pulling' and hauling, khenclO-W.nl JU 
 
 To pull, to drag. khcru-lmi 
 
 To pull (oars), dddndd mdrnd LjU Jo 15, chappu mdrnd {j.^ *^ 
 
THESAURUS OF TECHNICAL TERMS. 
 
 duzd-reg 
 
 jj, chor-balu ^ ^ 
 berra 
 tapa \i\ 
 darya b 
 
 van ^ 
 darya l 
 rud Jjj, naddl 
 j, rassan ^j, rassa L 
 (small, gun j!) bruj 
 
 law 
 bury ^ 
 battna Lfl 
 
 104 
 
 Quicksand, 
 Raft, 
 
 (fishing), 
 River, 
 
 (down), with the stream, bhdtthiyal JL^'l^, bhatthl ^flU' 
 
 (up), against the stream, 
 
 (large), a sea, 
 
 (small), 
 Rope, cordage, resmdn 
 
 (thick track), 
 
 or painter of a boat, 
 
 (stout), a ship's cable, 
 
 (instrument for twisting), 
 To row, dddndd mdrnd UjU 
 
 Rower (a), 
 
 Rudder, helm, patwdl 
 
 Sail. 
 Sailor, 
 
 Salt-water, sea-water, 
 Sea, ocean, 
 Sea stores, sea stock, 
 Seaman, 
 Seamanship, navigation 
 
 Shallow, 
 
 Sheet (the) of a sail, 
 
 Ship 
 
 (abroad), 
 Shipwreck, 
 
 Ship's company, crew, 
 Shore, beach, 
 On shore, ashore, 
 Shoal, or small island in a river, 
 
 ddancldl 
 
 , patwdr j\f*, sukkdn ^ 
 pal Jb, bad-ban ^b, 
 jahdzl kjj^rt mallah 
 
 db-i-shor jy* __ . 
 darya b jj, bahrjs^ 
 
 ddabas 
 
 jahdzl u^jVr, mallah - 
 nd-Jchudal ^Jc>-l3, malldh-1 ^ 
 uthald \$\, uthal J^fl, paitald L. 
 daman ^Ub, daman ^ 
 jahaz j 
 jaliaz-pur j ;^ 
 jahdz-shikanl ^^> J^rT 
 " guroh 
 
 kinarah a 
 
 V 
 
 kinarey par ^ 
 
 char 
 
. HtiATS, AND HIVKH N A V I (i ATI ( i N 
 
 1 1 );*> 
 
 Sides (both) of a river. 
 
 South, 
 
 South! mi-, 
 
 Squall , 
 
 6 1 a i 1* (i 1 ag or ensign) , 
 
 To steer (with a pole), 
 
 Steersman, helmsman. 
 
 Stern (the), 
 
 Storm, tempest, gale of wind, 
 
 Strand, beach, shore, 
 
 To strand (act), 
 
 ,, (nent.), 
 Strand of a rope, 
 Stream, current, 
 String, cord, twine, 
 
 par-n-ira.r J\^ 
 <ln khan. 
 dakhinayan ^ 
 
 jhakarr J^r 
 
 ddancMa \ Ju 5 
 
 balll mania 
 
 jhingat c^Upr, tahhrufl ^J 
 dabttsah 
 
 kinarah 
 
 kinarey charrhana liUj>. 
 kinarey ckarrhna ^^ <^J^ 
 larr J il 
 
 bhattha Ujl^s dham ^l&J 
 resman ( J(***+*j, rassl 
 ^ 
 
 hi lorn \j<^&, Mlk&Tj&Jb, hilkorah ^^Lfc, wzazj; 
 , hilorna U^^Jb, hilkorna \j 
 
 Jcafaran ^J&i, Jtll Jui 
 
 ^^/ lay ana Ij 
 
 jahazl ^\\^ZT, mallak _ 
 tufCin ^ 
 
 madd-o-jazr j^- * j^, jazr jj>- 
 j(ixr-o-madd * ^ fa- 
 
 marna 
 
 urge, 
 To surge, 
 Tar, 
 
 To tar, to pay over with tar, 
 Tar (a), a sailor, 
 Tempest, gale of wind, storm, 
 Tide, 
 
 ,, (ebb and flow), 
 
 ,, (spring), 
 
 (flood), 
 
 Tiniber (the) of a ship or boat. 
 Trip, passage, voyage, 
 Trunnion, 
 Twine, cord, etc., 
 Unfathomable, 
 To unlade. <>r uni 
 
 janar 
 gunrra y 
 
 /,'hep c-^ 
 parkan ^ 
 
 , 
 , ogam 
 
 , >tbh-rfi.nfi, U 
 
Unladen, 
 
 Vane (a), a pennant, 
 
 Vessel in general, a ship, 
 
 Volley, broadside, 
 
 Vortex, 
 
 Voyage, passage, trip, 
 
 Water (the), 
 
 ,, (deep), 
 
 (shallow), 
 
 (salt), 
 
 Waters (the), the sea or ocean, 
 Waterman, boatman, 
 
 pharharl 
 
 
 ubh-ra 
 
 , bdd-numd Uj 
 jahdz \ 
 
 shallakh or ska" 
 bkansvar 
 khep 
 pdnl 
 
 lujjah 
 
 pai-tald iL-j, utkal Jfi', uthld 
 ah-i-shor ^i 
 balir .ssr, daryd 
 malldh -L, manjhl 
 , hilkorah ^Cl^ 
 
 ghdtt 
 ghattrcdr J\^, ghattndl 
 
 bad J\j, A<m-<x 1 
 
 bdd-i-shurtah AcjZ jb, bdd-i-murdd J 
 bdd-i-imfHatif 
 
 bdd-i-tund 
 ba-bdd jU, bah-bdd j 
 
 glilml tJ - 
 jahdz -shikanl 
 
 
 hilord 
 
 Wave, surge, 
 Wharf or quay, 
 Wharfinger, 
 
 Wind (the), 
 
 ,. (fair), 
 
 ,, (foul, contrary), 
 
 (stormy), 
 To the wind, 
 Winch, crane, etc., 
 Wreck (a) (ship), 
 
 To become a wreck, jahdz shikastah ho-jdnd \j\s>- y 
 To wreck (act.), kindrey-charrhdnd 
 
 Ynrd (dock), kiir-llmmih 
 
 mavj 
 
 (sail), 
 (f<.r>;ii! 
 
 parn'dn 
 
 ; i N AUSTIN, PHINTEU, BXBTFORD 
 
ERRATA. 
 
 PAGB 
 
 LIITB FOB 
 
 BEAD 
 
 2 
 
 26 bakal, 
 
 *a**a/. 
 
 9 
 
 6 jhalana, 
 
 jhal-nu. 
 
 10 
 
 16 pajawa, etc., 
 
 pajawah, etc. 
 
 j> 
 
 18 add 
 
 or .h^,/< mistar. 
 
 12 
 
 3 Pha'orrah, 
 
 Pha'orru. 
 
 17 
 
 28 v. To slake, etc., 
 
 (v. To slake, bharkanii \J li^J ) 
 
 19 
 
 24 kan sangl kl Ji^i ^,l 
 
 A;a sang kl $ ^L^ \ 
 
 
 
 y ^e ^) 
 
 25 
 
 12 rl-wak, 
 
 rl-waA:. 
 
 31 
 
 16 mutir 
 
 mistar, or mistar -la*u^ 
 
 36 
 
 21 gyntl, 
 
 or ^ew^7. 
 
 38 
 
 23 bund, 
 
 fcmrf. 
 
 54 
 
 20 mughalak, 
 
 mughlak. 
 
 57 
 
 24 jantr alat d-J^i j*+^~ 
 
 .. o'T 
 
 64 
 
 28 mu/nharii, 
 
 rn^awT. 
 
 65 
 
 9 eeasharlyat <0 Ltu 
 
 aaskariah fa iuLt 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 ) 
 
 71 
 
 26 nisftt-l-da'Jra \jj\\\ u-t?.rp 
 
 ni*fu-l-da'lrah ^-J^i K_^-- ; 
 
 77 
 
 26 madaniyat, 
 
 mtsadantya^. 
 
 78 
 
 26 hazarha ubjljvJb 
 
 hazarha ub jlLfc 
 
 105 
 
 8 5Haw?, 
 
 *M*7,;^7. 
 
Y THE SAME AUTHOK. 
 
 PREPARING FOR THE PRESS. 
 
 I. 
 
 AFGHAN ANTHOLOGY, 
 
 TOEING a SELECTION of ODES from the best Poets of the 
 
 JJ 
 
 Afghans, translated from the Original Pushto. 
 
 *** Most of these poems are contained in the Text Book. 
 
 II. 
 
 THE NEW TESTAMENT 
 
 LORI) AND SAVIOUR JESUS CHRIST, 
 
 IDIOMATICALLY and faithfully TRANSLATED into the 
 
 I'us'hto, or Afghan Tongue. 
 
 *** Further particulars in due to 
 
WORKS 1* V TIIK SAME AUTHOR. 
 
 TO BE PUBLISHED IMMEDIATELY, 
 
 'iiii ^- 
 
 A DICTIONARY 
 
 i ii i; 
 
 PUK'HTO OR PUS/HTO, 
 
 OB 
 
 LANGUAGE OF THE AFGHANS, 
 
 CAPTAIN H. B G. RAVERTY, 
 
 3BD REGIMENT, BOMBAY >'. I. 
 
 THIS Work will contain some 40,000 words, and will extend to about 
 1,000 or 1,200 pages. It will include the whole of the words contained in the 
 rare lexicographical MS. works, the ' Jvf jaib-ul-Lughat,' and the ' lli'az-ul- 
 Mahahat,' and in other original collections placed at the Author's disposal, as well 
 as the result of his own researches during the last ten years; and will thus comprise 
 all the words occurring in the works of the best Afghan authors. 
 
 The derivation of the words which have heen adopted from, or which can be 
 traced to the Semitic and Sanscrit families of languages, has generally been shown. 
 Another peculiar feature of this work is, that the plural form of each noun is given, 
 with the Class or Declension to which it belongs, as arranged in the Author's 
 1 Grammar of the Puslito Language,' lately published. 
 
 The greatest difficulty in the path of the student of PusTito is the conjugation of 
 the Verbs, which are somewhat complex from their irregularity. To obviate this 
 difficulty, under every Infinitive are given the 3rd persons masculine singular of the 
 Present," Past, and Future Tenses, the Imperative Mood, the Active and Past Partici- 
 ples, and the Verbal Noun. 
 
 An Introductory Chapter will explain the pronunciation of the different Afghan 
 tribes of the East and West, which varies considerably ; and many other topics con- 
 nected with the langun 
 
 The size of the work Avill be imperial octavo (each page containing a greater 
 number of words than the last edition of Shakcspear's < Hindustani Dictionary'), and 
 it is proposed to charge it to Subscribers about 38 Rupees (3 16s.), but certainly 
 not to exceed 42 Rupees (4 J.v.). 
 
 II. 
 
 Uniform with the Dictionary. 
 
 THE PUS'HTO TEXT-BOOK; 
 
 AR, SELECTIONS, PROSE and POETICAL, in the AFGHAN 
 \J LANGUAGE. 
 
 This Volume will contain selected portions, both Poetical and Prose, of the Works 
 of the most celebrated Authors, many of which are rare, carefully collated from MS. 
 copies in the Author's possession. 
 
 Amongst the former may be mentioned the poems of JEabd-ur-Rahmun ; .ZEabd- 
 
 TT -1 Tri 11-1 TT1 -__ T7*T i_J._l_. ~T7"U 9 -","U HT-,1,-, ,1 - A1,^.^/I 01,7:1, 
 
 Zulikhu,' etc. etc. 
 
 Among the Prose Works will be found selections from the ' Fawa'Id-ush- 
 Shari'aea'h' of A'khund Kusim ; ' Makhzan PusTito' of Akhund Darwezah ; * Kalaila 
 wo Damnah' or '^Eilm-Khanah-i-Dunish' of Afzal Khan, Khattak; Adam Khun and 
 Durkhanu'I ; the 'Gulistun' of Saaedi; the writings of Babu Jiiin; the ' Turikh-i- 
 Murassaae,' of Afzal Khun ; ' History of the Afghan Tribes,' etc. etc. 
 
 The Work will be printed and bound uniform in style and size with the 
 Dictionary. It will extend to 300 or 350 pages. The price will be about 18 Rupees 
 (1 lC>s. V" and not exceed 21 Runees (2 2s.} 
 
III. 
 
 Uniform with the Dictionary and Text Book. 
 
 A GRAMMAR 
 
 OF TIIK 
 
 PUMTO OR PUSJffTO LANGUAGE; 
 
 TIN" which the rules are illustrated by several hundred examples from 
 J- the Best Authors, both Poetical and Prose ; together with Translations from the 
 Articles of War, etc., etc., and Introductory Chapter on the Lano-ua-e Literature 
 and Descent, of the Afghan Tribes. 
 
 Entered in Registry of Copyrights according to Act XX. of 1847. 
 
 1$^ (THE RIGHT OF TRANSLATION is RESERVED). 
 
 The first edition of the Author's 'PnsTito Grammar' being now out of prin_ 7 
 second edition, revised and improved, uniform in size and style, will be published' at 
 the same time with the Dictionary and Text-Book. The price will be about 
 10 Rupees (1). 
 
 OPINIONS OF THE PRESS. 
 
 "The Grammar of Lieut. Raverty, which is sufficiently elaborate, and in which the rules arc 
 supported by copious and well-chosen extracts from classical Pu'shto authors, will be gladly 
 hailed by every linguist. A Dictionary and Text-book, promised by the same author, will 
 supply all the helps required to master a language which ought not to be neglected, at least bv 
 those who rule Peshawar, the valley of the Yusufzyes and the Derajat. . . In his preliminary 
 dissertation, Lieut, llaverty canvasses the opinions of others with regard to the family o"f 
 languages to which Pus'hto should be assigned, without, however, recording his own. This we 
 regret ; for being in other respects an accomplished linguist, and possessing probably a better 
 knowledge of Pus'hto than any other European, he was very competent to decide the point " 
 Athenceum, August 30th, 1856. 
 
 " L'auteur annonce en memo temps la prochaine publication d'un dictionnaire afghan, et 
 d'une chrestomathie afghane. Le premier doit paraitre dans un vol. in-4 de dou/.e cents pages, 
 et sera imprimc aussitot qu'on aura reuni cinq cento souscripteurs ; le second foriuera on vol. 
 in-8. II est tres-desirable quo cos deux ouvrages trouvent un appui suffisant pour pouvoir 
 paraitre, car nos ressources actuelles pour 1 'etude de cette langue curieuse, malgre les t; 
 m6retoires de M. Dorn, sont insufflsantes, et les manuscrits afghans sont fort rares eu Europe." 
 Journal Asiatit/uc. 
 
 DICTIONAHY OF Tin: 1M s'uTo, OIL \NS. Bv Captain llavcrtv, 
 
 31 i; 
 
 Through the kindness of a friend we have been favored with a prospectus of the al>. 
 which, with two others of a cognate kind, vi/., a (irammar and Textbook of the same language, 
 are about to appear under the auspices of tins distinguished Orientalist, who has, we ! 
 devoted the best years of Ins life to the study of fhe grammar and literature of this difficult 
 tongue. Any attempt to elucidate the manners, the cnMoms, the l;:\\s, and the history of this 
 
 ar people, who inflicted on England, at the KyUer I'a^, perhaps the m.> 
 defeat she met with since Hannockburn, must command the respect and the sympathy of more 
 than mere scholars and tilli'i'dtnii'N. 
 
 Captain Kaverty, by his m< ritorious efforts to'inake u> better acquainted with I 
 language and literature, is also cmitiv J |)oints conceniii: 
 
 history and traditions ; for if in the masculine hohlne.-s of the Latin language and diet 
 can discern the haughty genius of tin i \orhl, if in the winged words oJ 
 
 . er that exquisite suhtleH iiich, embodied in the immortal 
 
 works of her poets, her orators, and her sculptor.-, il urn and ;i ."still 
 
 rules and glorifies man] --ot, when the veil is rent asunder, and when we a 
 
 inmost fibres and rooN ol' the tongue spoken by the dwellers on the Hindoo Koct-h, he able to 
 state, not c'.iijecturally, hut confidently, \\ ! .lents and what the history of 
 
 the land of the " Lost 'I i ii. 
 
 
 Specimen h;ul <if " nd Co., Bombay; and at the 
 
 different Booksell' 
 
 All three Works will be. published simulbi iy sii 
 
 srribers have already been received.