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THE 
 
 WORLD 
 
 ENCOMPASSED 
 
 B Y 
 
 Sir FRANCIS DRAJ^E. 
 
 Offered now at laft to publickView, both for 
 the Honour of the Ador, but efpecially 
 for the ftirring up of heroick Spirits, to 
 benefit their Country, and eternize their 
 Names by like noble Attempts. 
 
 Collected out of the Notes of Mr. Francis Fletcher, Preacher 
 in this Employment, and compared with divers others Notes 
 that went in the fame Voyage. 
 
 
 
 VOL. II. S Sir 
 
434 
 
 Sir FRANCIS DRAKE'S, Voyage 
 about the WORLD. 
 
 EVER fince Almighty God 
 commanded Adam to fubdue the 
 earth, there hath not wanted in 
 aljt ages, fome heroick fpirits, 
 which in obedience to that high mandate, 
 either from manifeft reafon alluring them, 
 or by fecret inftinct inforcing them there 
 unto, have expended their wealth, employ 
 ed their times, and adventured their per- 
 fons to find out the true circuit of the 
 world. 
 
 Of thefe, fome have endeavoured to ef 
 fect this their purpofe, by conclufion and 
 confequence, drawn from the proportion 
 of the higher circles, to this nethermoft 
 globe, being the center of the reft. Others 
 not contented with fchool points, and fuch 
 demonftration, (for that a fmall error in 
 the beginning, groweth in the progrefs to 
 a great inconvenience) have added there 
 unto their own hiftory and experience. 
 All of them in reafon have deferved great 
 commendation of their own ages, and pur- 
 chafed a juft renown with all pofterity. 
 For if a furveyor of fome few lordfhips, 
 whereof the bounds and limits were before 
 known, worthily deferve his reward, not 
 only for his travel, but for his fldll alfo, 
 in meafuring the whole and every part 
 thereof: How much more above com- 
 parifon are their famous travels, by all 
 means poffible to be eternized, who have 
 beftowed their ftudies and endeavour, to 
 furvey and meafure this fglobe, almoft un- 
 meafurable ? Neither is here that difference 
 to be objected, which in private poffefilons 
 is of value. Whofe land furvey you ? For- 
 afmuch as the main ocean by right is the 
 Lord's alone, and by nature left free, for 
 all men to deal withal, as very fufficient 
 for all mens ufe, and large enough for all 
 mens induftry. 
 
 And therefore that valiant enterprize, 
 accompanied with happy fuccefs, which 
 that right, rare, and thrice worthy captain 
 Francis Drake atchieved, in firft turning 
 up a furrow about the whole world, doth 
 not only overmatch the ancient Argonauts, 
 but alfo outreacheth in many refpects, that 
 noble mariner Magellanus, and by far fur- 
 pafieth his crowned victory. But hereof 
 let pofterity judge. 
 
 It fhall for the prefent be deemed a fuf 
 ficient difcharge of duty, to regifter the 
 true and whole hiftory of that his voyage, 
 with as great indifferency of affection as 
 a hiftory doth require, and with the plain 
 evidence of truth, as it was left recorded 
 by fome of the chief, and divers other 
 actors in that action. 
 
 " The faid captain Francis Drake, having 
 in a former voyage, in the years 72 and 
 73 ( the defcription whereof is already 
 imparted to the view of the world) had 
 a fight, and only a fight of the fouth 
 Atlantick, and thereupon either conceiving 
 a new, or renewing a former defire, of 
 failing on the fame, in an Englijh bot 
 tom ; he fo cherifhed thenceforward, that 
 his noble defire and refolution in himfelf, 
 that notwithftanding he was hindred for 
 fome years, partly by fecret envy at home, 
 and partly by publick feryice for his 
 Prince and Country abroad (whereof Ire 
 land under Walter earl of Effex gives ho 
 nourable teftimony) yet againft the year 
 
 1577, by gracious commifTiQn from his 
 fovereign, and with the help of divers 
 friends adventurers, he had fitted himfelf 
 with five fhips. 
 
 i. The Peilican^ admiral, burthen 160 
 tons, captain general Frauds Drake. 
 
 ,2. The Elizabeth, vice-admiral, burthen 
 80 tons, captain "John Winter. 
 
 3. The Marigold^ a bark of 30 tons, 
 captain John Thomas. 
 
 4. The Swan, a flyboat of 50 tons, 
 captain John Chefter. 
 
 5. The Chriftopber, a pinnace of 15 
 tons, captain Thomas Moon. ' 
 
 Thefe fhips he mann'd with a 1 64 able 
 and fufficient men, and furnifhed them al 
 fo with fuch plentiful provifion of all things 
 necefiary, as fo long and dangerous a Voy 
 age did feem to require ; and amongft the 
 reft, with certain pinnaces ready framed, 
 but carried aboard in pieces, to be new fet 
 up in fmoother water, when occafion fer- 
 ved. Neither had he omitted to make 
 provifion alfo for ornament and delight, 
 carrying to this purpofe with him expert 
 muficians, rich furniture (all the veflels for 
 his table, yea many belonging even to the 
 cook-room being of pure filver) and di 
 vers 
 
 Other accounts fay but 163, See LediariTs Naval Hiftery, pag. 172. 
 
The World Encompaffed, c. . 435; 
 
 vers fhfws of all forts of curious workman- ry ugly fifh to look to. Lying here about 
 fhip, whereby the ^civility and magnifi- a mile from the main, a boat was fent to 
 cence of his native country might, amongft found the harbour, and finding it fafe, and 
 all nations whitherfoever he mould come, in the very entrance on the north fide, 
 be the more admired. about five or fix fathom water (but on the 
 
 Being thus appointed, we fet fail out of fouth fide it is very dangerous) we brought 
 the found of Plimoutb about five of the in our whole fleet December 27, and con- 
 clock in the afternoon, November 15. of tinued there till the laft day of the fame 
 the fame year , and running all that night month, employing _ our leifure the mean 
 fouth-weft, by morning were come as far while in fetting up a pinnace, one of the 
 as the Lizard, where meeting die wind at four brought from home in pieces with us. 
 fouth-weft (quite contrary to our intended Our abode here was foon perceived by the 
 courfe) we were forced with our whole inhabitants of the country, who coming to 
 
 the more, by figns and cries made mew, 
 that they defired to be fetched aboard ; to 
 whom our general fent a boat, in which 
 two of the chiefeft of the Moors were pre- 
 fently received, and one man of ours in 
 exchange left on land, as a pledge for their 
 return. 
 
 They that came aboard were right cour- 
 
 (wherein our general himfelf went) and the teoufly entertained with a dainty banquet, 
 Marigold were fain to cut their main mafts and fuch gifts as they feemed to be moft 
 by board ; and for the repairing of them, glad of, that they might thereby under- 
 and many other damages in the tempefl ftand, that this fleet came in peace and 
 fuftained (as foon as the weather would friendfliip, offering to traffick with them 
 give leave) to bear back to Plimoutb again, for fuch commodities as their country yield- 
 where we all arrived the thirteenth day af- ed, to their own content. This offer they 
 
 fleet to put into Falmoutb. 
 
 The next day towards evening there 
 arofe a ftorm, continuing all that night, 
 and the day following (efpecially between 
 ten of the clock in the forenoon, and five 
 in the afternoon) with fuch violence, that 
 though it were in a very good harbour, 
 yet two of our mips, viz. the Admiral 
 
 ter our firft departure thence. 
 
 Whence having in a few days fupplied 
 all defects, with happier fails we once more 
 put to fea December 13. 1577. 
 
 As foon as we were out of fight of 
 land, our general gave us occafion to con 
 jecture b in part whither he intended, both 
 
 by the direct. ng of his courfe, and ap- quietly reftored the pledge which they had 
 pointing the rendezvous (if any mould be ftayed -, and the next day, at the hour ap- 
 fevered from the fleet) to the ifland Moga- ! ~" 
 failing 
 
 feemed moft gladly to accept, and promi- 
 fed the next day to refort again, with fuch 
 things as they had to exchange for ours. 
 It is a law amongft them to drink no wine, 
 notwithstanding by ftealth it pleafeth them 
 well to have it abundantly, as we experi 
 enced it. At their return afhore, they 
 
 dare. Ad fo failing with favourable 
 winds, the firft land that we had fight of 
 was Cape Cantine in Barbary, Decemb. 25. 
 C rtftmas-da.y in the morning. The more 
 is fair white fand, and the inland country 
 very high and mountainous, it lieth in 32 
 degr. 30 min. north latitude ; and fo coaft- 
 ing from hence fouthward about 1 8 leagues, 
 we arrived the fame day at Mogadore, the 
 ifland before-named. 
 
 This Mogadore lies under the dominion 
 of the king of Feffe, in 31 degr. 40 min. 
 about a mile off from the more, by this 
 means making a good harbour between the 
 land and it. It is uninhabited, of about a 
 league in circuit, not very high land, all 
 overgrown with a kind of fhrub breaft 
 high, not much unlike our privet ; very 
 full of doves, and therefore much fre 
 quented by gomauks, and fuch like birds 
 of prey, befides divers forts of fea fowl 
 very plenty. At the fouth fide of this 
 ifland are three hollow rocks, under which 
 are great ftore of very wholfome, but ve- 
 
 k His pretence being a voyage to Alexandria. Ibid. 
 
 pointed, returning again, brought with 
 them camels, in fhew loaden with wares 
 to be exchanged for our commodities , and 
 calling for a boat in hafte, had one fent 
 them, according to order, which our ge 
 neral ( being at. this prefent abfent) had gi 
 ven before his departure to the ifland. 
 
 Our bpat coming to the place of landing 
 (which was among the rocks) one of our 
 men, called John Fry, miftrufting no dan 
 ger, nor fearing any harm pretended by 
 them ; and therefore intending to become 
 a pledge, according to the order ufed the 
 day before, readily ftept out of the boat, 
 and ran to land ; which opportunity (be 
 ing that which the Moors did look for) 
 they took the advantage of; and not only 
 they which were in fight laid hands on 
 him to carry him away with them, but *- 
 number more, which lay fecretly hid, did 
 forthwith break forth from behind the 
 rock, whither they had conveyed them- 
 felves (as it feemeth the night before) for 
 cing our men to leave the refcuing of him 
 that was taken as captive, and with fpeed 
 to fhift for themfelves. The 
 
The World Encompajjed 
 
 The caufe of this violence was a defire 
 which the king of Feffe had to underftand 
 what this fleet was, whether any fore-run 
 ner of the kings of Portugal or no, and 
 what news of certainty the fleet might give 
 him. And therefore, after that he was 
 brought to the king's preience, and had 
 reported that they were Englishmen, bound 
 for the Streights, under the conduft of ge 
 neral Drake, he was fent back again with 
 a prefent to his captain, and offer of great 
 courtefy and friendfhip, if he would ufe his 
 country. But in the mean time the gene 
 ral being grieved with this mew of injury, 
 and intending, if he might, to recover or 
 redeem his man, his pinnace being ready, 
 landed his company, and marched fome- 
 what into the country, without any re- 
 fiftance made againft him ; neither would 
 the Moors by any means come nigh our 
 men to deal with them any way ; where 
 fore having made provifion of wood, as al- 
 fo vifited an old fort, built fome time ago 
 by the king of Portugal, but now ruined 
 by the king of Feffe, we departed De 
 cember 3 1 towards Cape Blank, in fuch fort, 
 that when Fry returned, he found to his 
 great grief that the fleet was gone -, but 
 yet, by the king's favour, he was fent 
 home into England not long after, in an 
 Englijh merchant Ihip. 
 
 Shortly after our putting forth of this 
 harbour, we were met with contrary winds 
 and foul weather, which continued till 
 the fourth of January : Yet we ftill held 
 on our courfe, and the third day after, fell 
 in with cape dt Guerre in 30 degr. o min. 
 where we lighted on three Spanijh fifher- 
 men called Caunters, whom we took with 
 our new pinnace, and carried along with 
 us, till we came to Rio Del Or a, juft un 
 der the tropick of Cancer ; where with 
 our pinnace alfo we took a carvel. From 
 hence, till the I5th day, we failed on to 
 wards cape Earbas, where the Mangold 
 took a carvel more, and fo onward to cape 
 Blanck till the next day at night. 
 
 This cape lieth in 20 degr. 30 min. 
 fheweth itfelf upright like the corner of a 
 wall, to them that come towards it from 
 the north, having between it and cape 
 Harbas, low, fandy, and very white land 
 all the way. Here we obferved the fouth 
 Guards, called the Crofters, 9 degr. 30 
 min. above the horizon. Where in the 
 cape, we took one Spanijh fliip more riding 
 at anchor, (all her men being fled afhore 
 in the boat lave two) which with all the 
 reft we have formerly taken, we carried 
 into the harbour, three leagues within the 
 cape. 
 
 Here our general determined, for cer- 
 
 e He alfo kept Nure de Sllv*, the matter of her to 
 
 tain days to make his abode, both for that 
 the place afforded plenty of frefh victuals, 
 for the prefent refrefhing of our men, and 
 for their future fupply at fea, (by reafon 
 of the infinite ftore of divers forts of good 
 fifh, which are there eafy to be taken, even 
 within the harbour, the like whereof, is 
 hardly to be found again, in any part of 
 the world) as alfo, becaufe it ferved very 
 fitly, for the difpatching of fome other 
 bufmefles that we had. During the time 
 of our abode in this place, our general 
 being afhore, was vifited by certain people 
 of the country, who brought down with 
 them a woman, a Moor, ( with her little 
 babe hanging upon her dry dug, having 
 fcarce life in herfelf, much lefs milk to 
 nourifh her child) to be fold as a horfe, or 
 a cow and calf by her fide-; in which fort 
 of merchandize our general would not 
 deal. But they had alfo amber-greafe, 
 with certain gums of fome eftimation, 
 which they brought to exchange with our 
 men for water, ( whereof they have great 
 want) fo that coming with their alforges 
 (they are leathern bags holding liquor,) to 
 buy water ; they cared not at what price 
 they bought it, fo they might have fome 
 to quench their third. A very heavy 
 judgment of God upon that coaft ! The 
 circumftances whereof confidered, our ge 
 neral would receive nothing of them for 
 water, but freely gave it them that came 
 to him ; yea, and fed them alfo ordinarily 
 with our victuals ; in eating whereof, their 
 manner was not only uncivil, and unfightly 
 to us, but even inhuman and loathfome in 
 itfelf. 
 
 And having wafhed and trimmed our 
 fhips, and difcharged all our Spanijh prizes, 
 excepting one Gaunter, (for which we gave 
 to the owner one of our fhips, viz. the 
 Chriftopber) and one carvel formerly bound 
 to St. Jago, which we caufed to ac-com- 
 pany us thither, where fhe was difcharged c ; 
 after fix days abode here, we departed, 
 directing our courfe for the iflands of cape 
 Verde, where ( if any were ) we were of 
 neceffity to ftore our fleet with frefh water 
 for a long time, for that our general in 
 tended from thence to run a long courfe 
 ( even to the coaft of Brafil) without touch 
 of land. And now, having the wind con- 
 ftant at north -eaft, and eaft-north-eaft, 
 which is ufual about thofe parts, becaufe, 
 it bloweth almoft continually from the 
 fhore ; January 2 yth we coafted Bona-vifta, 
 and the next day after we came to anchor 
 under the weftern part ( towards St. Jago) 
 of the ifland Majo ; it lieth in 15 degrees 
 high land, faving that the north-weft part 
 ftretcheth out into the fea, the fpace of a 
 
 league 
 
 pilot him on the coaft of Brajil, id. p. 173. 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 437 
 
 league very low, and is inhabited by fub- 
 jects to the king of Portugal. 
 
 Here landing, in hope of traffick with 
 the inhabitants tor water, we found a town 
 not far from the water-fide, of a great 
 number of defolate and ruinous houfes, 
 with a poor naked chapel or oratory, fuch 
 as fmall coft and charge might ferve and 
 fuffice, being to fmall purpofe, and as it 
 feemeth only to make a mew, and that a 
 falfe mew, contrary to the nature of a 
 fcarecrow, which feareth birds from com 
 ing nigh i this enticeth fuch as pafs by to 
 hale in, and look for a commodity, which 
 is not at all to be found there -, though 
 in the inner parts of the ifland it be in 
 great abundance. 
 
 For when we found the fprings and wells 
 which had been there (as appeareth) flop 
 ped up again, and no other water to be 
 had to ferve our need, we marched up to 
 feek fome more convenient place to fupply 
 our wants, or at kaft to fee whether the 
 people would be dealt withal to help us 
 therein. In this travelling we found the 
 foil to be very fruitful, having every 
 where plenty of fig-trees, with fruit upon 
 moft of them. But in the valleys and low 
 ground, where little low cottages were 
 built, were pleafant vineyards planted, 
 bearing then ripe and moft pleafant grapes. 
 There were alfo trees without any branches 
 to the top, which bare the coco-nuts. 
 There were alfo great (lore of certain lower 
 trees, with long and broad leaves, bearing 
 the fruit which they call plantanes, in 
 clutters together like puddings, a moft 
 dainty and wholfome fruit. All of thefe 
 trees were even laden with fruit, fome rea 
 dy to be eaten, others coming forward, 
 others over ripe. Neither can this feem 
 ftrange, though about the middle of winter 
 with us ; for the fun doth never withdraw 
 himfelf fo far from them, but that with his 
 lively heat he quickneth and flrengthneth 
 the power of the foil and plant ; neither 
 ever have they any fuch froft and cold, as 
 thereby to lofe their green hue and ap 
 pearance. 
 
 We found very good water in divers 
 places, but fo far off from the road, that 
 we could not with any reafonable pains 
 enjoy it. The people would by no means 
 be induced to have any conference with us, 
 but keeping in the moft fweet and fruit 
 ful valley among the hills, where their 
 towns and places of pleafure in furveying 
 the ifland, as they had fome reafon not 
 to endanger themfelves, where they faw 
 they could reap nothing fooner than da 
 mage and fhame, if they mould have of 
 fered violence to them, which came in 
 peace to do them no wrong at all. This 
 ifland yieldeth other great commodities, as 
 VOL. II. 
 
 wonderful herds of goats, infinite ftore 
 of wild hens, and fait without labour, 
 ( only the gathering it together excepted ) 
 which continually in a marvellous quantity 
 is increafed upon the fands by the flowing 
 of the fea, and the heat of the fun kerning 
 the fame. So that of the increafe thereof 
 they keep a continual traffick with their 
 neighbours in the other adjacent iflands. 
 We fet fail thence the joth day. 
 
 Being departed from Maje, the next day 
 we patied by the ifland of St. Jago, ten 
 leagues weft of Majo in the fame latitude, 
 inhabited by the Portugueze and Moors 'to 
 gether. The caufe whereof is faid to have 
 been in the Portugueze themfelves, who 
 ( continuing long time lords within them 
 felves, in the ifland) ufed that extreme and 
 unreafonable cruelty over their flaves, that 
 ('their bondage being intolerable) they were 
 forced to feek fome means to help them 
 felves, and to lighten that fo heavy a bur 
 den -, and thereupon chofe to fly into the 
 moft mountainous parts of the ifland: and at 
 laft, by continual efcapes, increafing to a 
 great number, and growing to a fee 
 ftrength, do now live with that terror of 
 their oppreflbrs, that they now endure no 
 lefs bondage in mind then the Forcatos did 
 before in body ; befidcs, the damage that 
 they daily fufler at their hands in their 
 goods and cattle, together with the abridg 
 ing of their liberties in the ufe of divers 
 parts of the fruitful foil of the ifland ; 
 which is very large, marvelous fruitful, 
 (a refuge for all fuch fhips as are bound 
 towards Bra/il, Guinea, the Eaft~Indies y 
 Binny, Calecut, &c.) and a place of rare 
 force, if it were not for the caufe afore- 
 recited, which hath much abated the pride, 
 and cooled the courage of that people, 
 who (under pretence of traffick and friend- 
 fliip) at firft making an entrance ceafed 
 not pradifing upon the poor inlanders (the 
 ancient remainders of the firft planters 
 thereof, as it may feem from the coaft of 
 Guinea) until they had excluded them 
 from all government and liberty, yea al- 
 moft life. 
 
 On the fouth-weft of this ifland, we 
 took a Portugueze laden the beft part with 
 wine, and much good cloath, both linnen 
 and woollen, befules other neceflaries, bound 
 for Brafil, with many gentlemen and mer 
 chants in her. 
 
 As we palled by with our fleet, in fight 
 of three of their towns, they feemcd very 
 joyful that we touched not with their coaft ; 
 and feeing us depart peaceably, in honour 
 of our fleet and general, or rather to fig- 
 nify that they were provided for an aflaulr, 
 fliot off two great pieces into the fea, 
 which were anfwered by one given them 
 again from us. 
 
 5 T South- 
 
The World Encompaffed t 
 
 South- weft from St. Jago in 14 degr. 
 30 min. about twelve leagues diftant, yet> 
 by reafon of the height Teeming not above 
 three leagues, lieth another ifland, called of 
 the Portugueze Fogo, viz. the burning i- 
 fland, or fiery furnace ; in which rifeth a. 
 fteep upright hill, by conjecture at leaft 
 fix leagues, or eighteen Englijb miles from 
 the upper part of the water, within the 
 bowels whereof is a confuming fire, main 
 tained by fulphurous matter, feeming to be 
 a marvellous depth, and alfo very wide. 
 The fire fheweth itfelf but four times in an 
 hour, at which times it breaketh out with 
 fuch violence and force, and in fuch 
 main abundance, that befides that it giv- 
 eth light like the moon a great way off, 
 it feemeth that it would not ftay till it 
 touch the heavens themfelves. Herein are 
 ingendered great ftore of pumice ftones, 
 which being in the vehement heat of the 
 
 behind him the relicks of his falfe wor- 
 fhip ; to wit, a crofs, with a crucifix, an 
 altar with his fuper-altar d , and certain 
 other idols of wood of rude workmanfhip, 
 
 Here we difmiffed the Portugueze taken 
 near St. Jago, and gave to them in ex 
 change of their old fhip, our new pinnace 
 built at Mogadore -, with wine, bread, and 
 fifh for their provifion, and fo fent them 
 away, Feinr. i. 
 
 Having thus vifited, as is declared, the 
 ifland of cape Verde, and provided frefh 
 water as we could, the 2d of Febr. we de 
 parted thence, directing our courfe to 
 wards the Slreigbts, fo to pafs into the 
 South-Sea ; in which courfe we failed 63 
 days without fight of land (pafling the 
 equinoctial line the 1 7th day of the fame 
 month) till we fell in with the coaft of Bra- 
 fil the 5th of April following. 
 
 During which long pafiage on the vaft 
 
 fire carried up without the mouth of that gulph, where nothing but fea beneath us 
 fiery body, fall down, with other grofs 
 and flimy matter upon the hill, to the con 
 tinual increafmg of the fame. And many 
 times thefe ftones falling down into the 
 fea are taken up and ufed, as we ourfelves 
 had experience by fight of them fwimming 
 on the water. The reft of the ifland is 
 fruitful notwithftanding, and is inhabited 
 by the Portugueze, who live very commo- 
 dioufly therein, as in the other iflands 
 thereabout. 
 
 Upon the fouth fide, about two leagues 
 off this ifland of burning, lieth a moft 
 fweet and pleafant ifland, the trees there 
 of are always green and fair to look on, the 
 foil almoft full fet with trees, in refpect 
 whereof it's named Brava, the Brave ifland, 
 being a ftorehoufe of many fruits and 
 commodities, as figs always ripe, coco's, 
 plantains, oranges, lemons, cotton, sV. 
 From the banks into the fea do run in ma 
 ny places the filver ftreams of fweet and 
 wholfome water, which with boats or pin 
 naces may eafily be taken in. But there 
 is no convenient place or road for mips, 
 neither any anchoring at all. For after 
 long trial, and often calling of leads, 
 
 there could no ground be had at any rate, frefh water, having never at all watered 
 neither was it ever known (as is reported) (to any purpofe, or that we could Jay we 
 that any line would fetch ground in any were much the better for it) from our firft 
 place about that ifland. So that the top of fetting forth out of England till this time, 
 Fogo burneth not fo high in the air, but nor meeting with any place where we might 
 the root of Brava ( fo is the ifland called) conveniently water, till our coming to the 
 is buried and quenched as low in the fea. river of Plate long after ; yet after once 
 u:.__. _c .u: we were come within Degrees of the line 
 
 and air above us was to be feen, as our 
 eyes did behold the wonderful works of 
 God in his creatures, which he had made 
 innumerable, both fmall and great beafts, 
 in the great and wide feas j fo did our 
 mouths tafte, and our natures feed on, the 
 goodnefs thereof in fuch fulnefs at all times, 
 and in every place, as if he had command 
 ed and enjoined the moft profitable and 
 moft glorious works of his hands to wait 
 upon us, not alone for the relief of our 
 neceffities, but alfo to give us delight in 
 the contemplation of his excellence, in be 
 holding the variety and order of his pro 
 vidence, with a particular tafte of his fa 
 therly care over us all the while. 
 
 The truth is, we often met with adverfe 
 winds, unwelcome ftorms, and to us (at 
 that time) lefs welcome calms, and being 
 as it were in the bofom of the burning 
 zone, we felt the effects of fultry heat, 
 not without the affrights of flaming light 
 ning, and often terrifyings of claps of 
 thunder , yet ftill with the admixture of 
 many comforts. For this we could not 
 but take notice of, that whereas we were 
 but badly furnifhed (our cafe confidered) of 
 
 The only inhabitant of this ifland is an 
 hermit, as we fuppofe ; for we found no 
 other houfes but one, built as it feemed for 
 fuch a purpofe -, and he was fo delighted 
 in his folitary living, that he would by no 
 means abide our coming, but fled, leaving 
 
 on this fide, viz. after Feb. 10. and till we 
 were paft the line as many degrees towards 
 the fouth, viz. till Febr. 27. there was no 
 one day went over us but we received fome 
 rain, whereby our want of water was much 
 fupplied. This 
 
 11 A fquare ftone, which is confecrated by the biftiop, and lies under the corpora! in the middle of the -al 
 tar. 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 439 
 
 This alfo was obfervable, that of our 
 whole fleet, being now fix in number, 
 notwithftanding the uncouthnefs of the 
 way, and whatever other' difficulties, by 
 weather, or otherwife we met withal, not 
 any one, in all this fpace, loft company 
 of the reft ; except only our Portugiteze 
 prize "for one day, who March a8th 
 was fevered from us , but the day follow 
 ing, March 2gth me found us again, to 
 both her own, and our no little comfort. 
 She had in her 28 of our men, and the 
 beft part of all our provifion for drink ; 
 her fhort abfence caufed much doubting 
 and forrow in the whole company, nei 
 ther could fhe then have been finally loft, 
 without the overthrow of the whole voyage. 
 
 Among the many ftrange creatures which 
 we faw, we took heedful notice of one, as 
 ftrange as any , to wit, the flying fifh, a 
 fifh of the bignefs and proportion, of a 
 reafonable or middle fort of Pilchards. 
 He hath fins of the length of his whole 
 body, from the bulk to the top of the 
 tail, bearing the form, and fupplying the 
 like ufe to him, that wings do to other 
 creatures. By the help of thofe fins, when 
 he is chafed of the Bonito, or great mack- 
 rel, (whom the Aurata, or dolphin like- 
 wife purfueth) and hath not ftrength to 
 efcape by fwimming any longer, he iift- 
 cth up himfelf above the water , and 
 flieth a pretty height, fometimes light 
 ing into boats or barks as they fail along. 
 The quills of their wings are fo propor 
 tionable, and finely fet together, with a 
 moft thin and dainty film, that they might 
 feem to ferve for a much longer or higher 
 flight, but the drynefs of them is fuch, af 
 ter fome ten or twelve ftrokes, that he 
 muft needs into the water again to moiften 
 them, which elfe would grow ftiff and un 
 fit for motion. The increafe of this little 
 and wonderful creature is in a manner in 
 finite, the fry whereof Jieth upon the up 
 per part of the waters, in the heat of the 
 fun, as duft upon the face of the earth, 
 which being in bignefs of a wheat-ftraw, 
 and in length an inch more or lefs, do 
 continually exercife themfelves in both 
 their faculties of nature : Wherein, if the 
 Lord had not made them expert indeed, 
 their generation could not have continued, 
 being fo defired a prey to fo many which 
 greedily hunt after them, forcing them to 
 efcape in the air by flight, when they can 
 not in the waters live in fafety. Neither 
 are they always free, or without danger in 
 their flying , but as they efcape one evil, 
 by refufing the waters, fo they fometimes 
 fall into as great a mifchief, by mounting 
 up into the air, and that, by means of a 
 
 e Then called the Cbrifopber. 
 
 great and ravening fowl, named of fome 
 a Don or Spurkite, who feeding chiefly 
 on fuch fifh as he can come by at advan 
 tage, in their fwimming in the brim of the 
 waters, or leaping above the fame, pre- 
 fently feizeth upon them with great vio 
 lence, making havock, efpecially amongft 
 thefe flying fifhes, though with fmall pro 
 fit to himfelf. 
 
 There is another fort of fifh, which 
 likewife flieth in the air, named a Cuttill : 
 It's the fame, whofe bones the Goldfmiths 
 commonly ufe, or at leaft not unlike the 
 fort, a multitude of which, have at one 
 time, in their flight, fallen into our fhips 
 amongft our men. 
 
 Faffing thus, in beholding the moft ex 
 cellent works of the eternal God in the 
 feas, as if we had been in a garden of plea- 
 fure, April the 5th we fell in with the coaft 
 of Brazil, in 31 degr. 30 min. towards 
 the pole Antartick, where the land is low 
 near the fea, but much higher within the 
 country ; having in depth not above 1 2 
 fathom, 3 leagues off from the fliore : 
 And being defcried by the inhabitants, we 
 faw great huge fires, made by them in 
 fundry places. Which order of making 
 fires, though it be univerfal, as well a- 
 mongft Cbriftians as Heathens, yet is it 
 not likely that many do ufe it to that end 
 which the Brafilians do : to wit, for a fa- 
 crifice to devils, whereat they intermix 
 many and divers ceremonies of conjurati 
 ons, cafting up great heaps of fand, to 
 this end, that if any fhips mall go about 
 to ftay upon their coads, their miniftring 
 fpirits may make wreck of them ; whereof 
 the Portugueze by the lofs of divers of their 
 fhips have had often experience. 
 
 In the reports of Magellan's voyage, 
 it is faid, that this people pray to no man 
 ner of thing, but live only according to 
 the inftinft of nature ; which if it were 
 true, there mould feem to be a wonderful 
 alteration in them fince that time, being 
 fallen from a fimple and natural creature, 
 to make Gods of Devils ; but I am of the 
 mind, that it was with them then as now it 
 is, only they lacked then the like occafion, 
 to put it in praftife, which now they have : 
 For then, they lived as a free people a- 
 mongft themfelves, but now are in moft 
 miterable bondage and flavery, both in 
 body, goods, wife and children, and life 
 itfelf, to the Portugueze, whofe hard arid 
 moft cruel dealings againft them, forceth 
 them to fly into the unfruitful parts of 
 their own land, rather there to ftarve, or 
 at leaft live miferably with liberty, than 
 to abide fuch intolerable bondage, as they 
 lay upon them, ufing the aforefaid practi 
 ces 
 
440 
 
 The World Encompajjed 
 
 ces with Devils, both for a revenge againft 
 their oppreffors, and alfo for a defence, that 
 they have no further entrance into the coun 
 try. And fuppofing indeed, that no other 
 had ufed to travel by fea in fhips, but their 
 enemies only, they therefore ufed the fame 
 at our.coming: Notwithftanding, our God 
 made their devil ifh intent of none effect , 
 for albeit there lacked not (within the fpace 
 of our falling in with this coaft) forcible 
 florins and tempefts, yet did we fuftain no 
 damage, but only the feparating of our 
 fhips off of fhore, but we could find no 
 harbour in many leagues. And therefore 
 coafting along the land, towards the fouth, 
 April 7th we had a violent ftorm for the 
 fpace of three hours, with thunder, light 
 ning, and rain in great abundance, accom 
 panied with a vehement fouth wind, di 
 rectly againft us, which caufed a feparati- 
 on of the Cbriftopher (viz. the Gaunter 
 which we took at cape Blank, in exchange 
 for the Cbriftopber, whofe name fhe hence 
 forward bore) from the reft of the fleet. 
 
 After this, we kept on our courfe, 
 fometimes to the fea ward, fometimes to 
 ward the fhore, but always fouthward, as 
 near as we could, till April i4th in the 
 morning, at which time we patted by cape 
 St.. Mary, which lies in 35 degr. near the 
 mouth of the river of Plate : And run 
 ning within it about fix or feven leagues 
 along by the main, we came to anchor in 
 a bay, under another cape which our ge 
 neral afterwards called cape Joy, by reafon 
 of the fecond day after our anchoring here, 
 the Cbrijlopber (whom we had loft in the 
 former ftorm) came to us again. 
 
 Among other cares which our general 
 took in this action, next the main care of 
 effecting the voyage itfelf, thefe were the 
 principal, and chiefly fubordinate : to keep 
 our whole fleet (as near as poffible we 
 could) together ; to get frefh water which 
 is of continual ufe ; and to refrefh our men 
 wearied with long toils at fea, as oft as we 
 fhould find any opportunity of effecting 
 the fame. And for thefe caufes it was de 
 termined, and publick notice thereof given 
 at our departure from the iflands of cape 
 Verde, that the next rendezvouz both for 
 the recollecting of our navy ( if it fhould 
 be difperfed) as alfo watering, and the 
 like, mould be the river of Plate : Whi 
 ther we were all to repair with all the 
 convenient fpeed that could be made, and 
 to ftay one for another, if it fhould hap 
 pen that we could not arrive there all to 
 gether ; and the effect we found anfwera- 
 ble to our expectations -, for here our fe 
 vered fhip (as hath been declared) found 
 us again, and here we found thofe other 
 helps alfo fo much defired. The country 
 hereabout is of a temperate and moft fweet 
 
 air, and pleafant to behold ; and beficles 
 the exceeding fruitfulnefs of the foil, 'tis 
 ftored with plenty of large and mighty 
 deer. 
 
 Notwithftanding that in this firft bay 
 we found fweet and wholefome water even 
 at pleafure, yet the fame after the arrival 
 of Gaunter, we removed fome 12 leagues 
 farther up in another ; where we found a 
 Jong rock, or rather ifland of rocks, not 
 far from the main ; making a commodi 
 ous harbour, efpecially againft a foutherly 
 wind : Under them we anchored, and rode 
 till the 2oth day at night ; in which mean 
 fpace we killed divers feals, or fea-wolves 
 (as the Spaniard calls them) which reforted 
 to thefe rocks in great abundance. They 
 are good meat, and were an acceptable 
 food to us for the prefent, and a good 
 fupply of our provifion for the future. 
 
 Hence, April 2oth we weighed again, 
 and failed yet further up into the river, 
 even till we found but three fathom deep, 
 and that we rode with our fhips in frefh 
 water ; but we ftaid not there, nor in any 
 other place of the river, becaufe that the 
 winds being ftrong, the fhoals many, and 
 no fafe harbour found, we could not with 
 out great danger fo have done. Ha 
 ling therefore to fea ward again, the 271)1 
 of the fame month (after that we had fpent 
 a fortnight in that river, to the great com 
 fort of the whole fleet) we pafied by the 
 fouth fide thereof into the main. The land 
 here lieth fouth - fouth - weft, and north- 
 north-eaft, with fhoal water, ibme three or 
 four leagues off into the fea. It is about 
 36 degr. 20 min. and fomewhat better, 
 fouth latitude. . 
 
 At our very firft coming forth to fea a- 
 gain, to wit, the fame night, our fly-boat 
 the Swan, loft company of us : Where 
 upon, though our general doubted nothing 
 of her happy coining forward again to the 
 reft of the fleet ; yet, becaufe it was grie 
 vous to have fuch often loffes, and that it 
 was his duty as much as in him lay, to 
 prevent all inconveniencies befides, that 
 might grow ; he determined to dimimfh 
 the number of his fhips, thereby to draw 
 his men into lefs room -, that both the 
 fewer mips might the better keep compa 
 ny, and that they might alfo be the better 
 appointed with new and frefh fupplies of 
 provifion and men, one to eafe the burden 
 of another : efpecially, for that he faw the 
 coaft (it draweth now toward winter here) 
 to be fubject to many and grievous ftorms : 
 And therefore he continued on his courfe, 
 to find out a convenient harbour for that 
 ufe ; fearching all that coaft from 36 to 
 47 degr. (as diligently as contrary winds 
 and fundry ftorms would permit) and yet 
 found none for the purppfe. And in the 
 
 mean 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 441 
 
 mean time, viz. May 8th by another ftorm 
 the Gaunter alfo was once more fevered 
 from us. May i2th we had fight of land, 
 in 47 degr. where we were forced to come 
 to anchor in fuch. road as we could find 
 for the time. Neverthelefs our general 
 named the place Cape Hope, by reafon of a 
 bay difcovered within the headland, which 
 ieemed to promife a good and commodi 
 ous harbour. But by reafon of many rocks 
 lying off from the place, we durft not 
 adventure with our mips into it without 
 good and perfect difcovery beforehand 
 made. 
 
 Our general, efpecially in matters of 
 moment, was never wont to rely only on 
 other mens care, how trufty.or fkilful 
 foever they might feem to be ; but always 
 contemning danger, and refufmg no toil, 
 he was wont himfelf to be one, whofoever 
 was a fecond, at every turn, where cou 
 rage, (kill, or induftry was to be employ 
 ed j neither would he at this time intruft 
 the difcovery of thefe dangers to another's 
 pains, but rather to his own experience, 
 in fearching out and founding of them. 
 A boat being therefore hoifted forth, him 
 felf with fome others the next morning, 
 May 1 3th, rowed into the bay ; and being 
 now very nigh the fhore, one of the men 
 of the country fhewed himfelf unto him, 
 feeming very pleafant, fmging and dan 
 cing, after the noife of a rattle which he 
 fhook in his hand, expecting earneftly his 
 landing. 
 
 But there was fuddenly fo great an al 
 teration in the weather, into a thick and 
 mifty fog, together with an extream ftorm 
 and tempeft, that our general being now 
 three leagues from his fhip, thought it 
 better to return, then either to land, or 
 make any other ftay 5 and yet the fog 
 thickned fo mightily, that the fight of the 
 mips was bereft them, and if captain Tho 
 mas (upon the abundance of his love and 
 fervice to his general) had not adventured 
 with his fhip to enter that bay, in this 
 perplexity, where good advice would not 
 fuffer our mips to bear in, while the winds 
 were more tolerable, and the air clearer ; 
 we had fuftained fome great lofs, or our 
 general had been further endangered, who 
 was now quickly received aboard his fhip ; 
 out of which, being within the bay, they let 
 fall an anchor, and rode there (God be prai- 
 fed) in fafety. But our other mips, riding 
 without, were fo opprefied with the ex 
 tremity of the ftorm, that they were forced 
 to run off to the fea for their own fafe- 
 guard, being in good hope only of the 
 good fuccefs of that fhip, which was gone 
 in to relieve our general. Before this ftorm 
 arofe, our Gaunter formerly loft, was come 
 in the fame day unto us in the fame road, 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 but was put to fea again the fame even 
 ing with the reft of the fleet. 
 
 The next day, May I4th, the weather 
 being fair, and the winds moderate, but 
 the fleet out of fight, our general deter 
 mined to go afhore,, to this end, that he 
 might, by making of fires, give figns to 
 the difperfed mips, to come together again 
 into the road. Whereby at laft, they were 
 all aflembled, excepting the Swan, loft 
 long time before, and excepting our Por 
 tuguese prize, called the Mary ; which 
 weighing in this laft ftorm the night before, 
 now loft company, and was not found a- 
 gain in a long time after. 
 
 In this place (the people being removed 
 up into the country, belike for tear of our 
 coming) we found near unto the rocks, in 
 houfes made for that purpofe, as alfo in 
 divers other places, great ftore of Oftriches, 
 at leaft to the number of 50, with much 
 other fowl , fome dried, and fome in dry 
 ing for their provifion, as it feemed, to 
 carry with them to the place of their dwel 
 lings. The Oftriches thighs were in big- 
 nefs equal to reafonable legs of mutton ; 
 they cannot fly at all ; but they run fo 
 fwiftly, and take fo long ftrides, that it is 
 not poflible for a man in running by any 
 means to take them, neither yet to come 
 fo nigh them; as to have any fhot at them 
 either with bow or piece : Whereof our 
 men had often proof on other parts of that 
 coaft, for all the country is full of them. 
 We found there the tools or inftruments 
 which the people ufe in taking them. A- 
 mongft other means they ufe in betraying 
 of thefe Oltriches, they have a great and 
 large plume of feathers, orderly compact 
 together upon the end of a ftaff -, in the 
 forepart, bearing the likenefs of the head, 
 neck, and bulk of an Oftrich ; and in the 
 hinder part, fpreading itfelf out very large, 
 fufHcient (being holdcn before him) to hide 
 the moft part of the body of a man. With 
 this it feemeth they ftalk, driving them 
 into fome ftrait, or neck of land clofe to 
 the fea fide ; where fpreading long and 
 ftrong nets, with their dogs which they 
 have in readinefs at all times, they over 
 throw them, and make a common quarry. 
 The country is very pleafant, and feemeth 
 to be a fruitful foil. 
 
 Being afterwards driven to fall in with 
 this place again, we had great acquain 
 tance, and familiarity with the people, who 
 rejoiced greatly in our coming, and in our 
 friendfhip, in that we had done them no 
 harm. But becaufe this place was not fit 
 or convenient harbour for us, to do our 
 neceflary bufinefs, neither yet to make 
 provifion of fuch things as we wanted, as 
 water, wood, and fuch like, we departed 
 thence the 1 5th of May. 
 
 5 U At 
 
The World Encompaffed 
 
 At our departure thence, we held our 
 courfe fouth and by weft, and made about 
 nine leagues in twenty- four hours ; bear 
 ing very little fail, that our fleet might 
 the eafier get up with us, which by reaion 
 of" the contrary winds, were caft a-ftern of 
 
 us. 
 
 In 47 degr. 30 min. we found a bay, 
 which was fair, fafe, and beneficial to us 
 very necefliiry for our ufe ; into which 
 we haled, and anchored May lyth ; and 
 the next day May i8th we came further 
 into the fame bay, where we caft anchor, 
 and made our abode full fifteen days. 
 
 The very firft day of our arrival here, 
 our general having fee things in fome or 
 der, for the difpatch of our neceflary bu- 
 fmefs, being moft careful for his two {hips 
 which were wanting, fent forth to the 
 fouthward, captain Winter in the Elizabeth, 
 vice-admiral ; himfelf in the admiral, go 
 ing forth northward into the fea to lee, 
 if happily they might meet with either of 
 them : At which time, by the good pro 
 vidence of God, he himfelf met with the 
 Swan, formerly loft at our departure from 
 the river of Plate, and brought her into 
 the fame harbour, the fame day : Where 
 being after unloaden, and difcharged of her 
 freight, (he was caft off, and her iron work, 
 and other neceflaries being faved, for the 
 better provifion of the reft, of the remain 
 der was made firewood, and other imple 
 ments which we wanted. But all this while, 
 of the other {hip which we loft fo lately, 
 in our extremity, we could have no news. 
 While we were thus employed, after 
 certain days of our ftay in this place, being 
 on more in an ifland nigh unto the main, 
 where at low water was free paflage on foot, 
 from the one to the other, the people of 
 the country did fhew themfelves unto us, 
 with leaping, dancing, and holding up of 
 their hands, and making outcries after their 
 manner : but being then high water, we 
 could not go over to them on foot. Where 
 fore the general caufed immediately a boat 
 to be in readinefs, and fent unto them iuch 
 things as he thought would delight them ; 
 as knives, bells, bugles i and whereupon 
 they being aflembled together upon a hill, 
 half an Englifh mile from the water-fide, 
 fent down two of their company, run 
 ning one after the other with a great grace, 
 traverfing their ground as it feemed after 
 the manner of their wars, by degrees de- 
 fcending towards the water-fide very fwift- 
 ]y. Notwithftanding, drawing nigh unto 
 it, they made a ftay, refufing to come near 
 our men. Which our men perceiving, 
 fent fuch things as they had tied with a 
 firing upon a rod, and ftuck the fame up 
 at a reafonable diftance from them, where 
 they might fee it. And as foon as our 
 
 men were departed from the place, they 
 came and took thofe things, leaving in- 
 fttad of them, as in recom pence, fuch fea 
 thers as they ufe to wear about their heads, 
 with a bone made in manner of a tooth 
 pick, carved round about the top, and in 
 length about 6 inches, being very fmoothly 
 burnifhed. Whereupon our general, with 
 divers of his gentlemen and company, at 
 low water went over to them to the main. 
 Againft his coming they remained ftill 
 upon the hill, and fet themfelves in a rank, 
 one by one ; appointing one of their com 
 pany to run before them from the one end 
 of the rank to the other, and fo back a- 
 gain, continually eaft and weft, with hold 
 ing up his hands over his head, and yield 
 ing forward his body in his running to 
 ward the rifing and fetting of the fun : 
 And at every fecond or third turn at the 
 moft, creeled his body againft the midft 
 of the rank of the people, lifting himfelf 
 vaulting-wife from the ground towards the 
 moon, being then over our heads : figni- 
 fying thereby, as we conceived, that they 
 called the fun and moon (whom they fervc 
 for Gods) to witnefs, that they meant no 
 thing towards us but peace. But when 
 they perceived that we afcended the hill a- 
 pace, and drew nigh unto them, they 
 leemed very fearful of our coming. 
 
 Wherefore our general not willing to 
 give them any way an occafion to miflike, 
 or be difcomfited, retired his company \ 
 whereby they were fo allured, and did fo 
 therein confirm themfelves of us, that we 
 were no enemies, neither meant them harm, 
 that without all fear, divers came down 
 with great fpeed after us, prefently enter 
 ing into traffick with our men ; notwith- 
 ftanding they would receive nothing at our 
 hands, but the fame muft be firft caft up 
 on the ground, ufing this word zuffus for 
 exchange, toytt to caft upon the ground. 
 And if they mifliked any thing, they cri 
 ed coroh, coroh, fpeaking the fame with 
 rattling in the throat. The wares we re 
 ceived from them were arrows of reeds, 
 feathers, and fuch bones as are afore dc- 
 fcribed. 
 
 This people go naked, except a fkin of 
 fur which they caft about their moulders, 
 when they fit or lie in the cold : but ha 
 ving any thing to do, as going or any o- 
 ther labour, they ufe it as a girdle about 
 their loins. They wear their hair very 
 long, but left it might trouble them in 
 their travel, they knit it up with a roll of 
 Oflrich feathers, ufing the fame rolls and 
 hair together for a quiver for their arrows, 
 and for a ftore-houfe, in which they carry 
 the moft things that they carry about them. 
 Some of them within thefe rolls (tick on 
 either fide of their heads (for a fign of ho 
 nour 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 44? 
 
 nour. in their peribns) a large and plain 
 feather* which fheweth like horns afar off: 
 fo that fuch a head upon a naked body 
 (if Devils do appear wirh horns) might 
 very nigh refemble Devils. 
 
 The whole bravery of fetting out them- 
 felves, ftandeth in painting their bodies with 
 divers colours, and fuch works as they can 
 devife. Some wafh their faces with ful- 
 phur, or fome fuch like fubftance j fome 
 paint their whole bodies black, leaving 
 only their necks behind and before white, 
 much like our Damfels that wear their 
 fquares, their necks and breafts naked. 
 Some paint one fhoulder black, another 
 white, and their fides and legs interchange 
 ably with the fame colours, one ftill con 
 trary to the other. The black part hath 
 fet upon it white moons, and the white 
 part black funs, being the marks and cha 
 racters of their Gods, as is before noted. 
 
 They have fome commodity by paint 
 ing of their bodies, for the which caufe 
 they ufe it fo generally ; and that I gather 
 to be the defence it yieldeth againfl the 
 piercing and nipping cold. For the co 
 lours being clofe laid on upon their fkin, 
 or rather in the flefh, as by continual re 
 newing of thefejucies which are laid on, 
 foak'd into the inner part thereof, doth fill 
 up the pores fo clofe that no air or cold can 
 enter, or make them once to flirink. 
 
 They have clean, comely, and ftrong bo 
 dies : They are fwift of foot, and feem 
 very active. Neither is any thing more 
 lamentable (in my judgment) than that fo 
 goodly a people, and fb lively creatures of 
 God, mould be ignorant of the true and 
 living God. And fo much the more is 
 this to be lamented, by how much they 
 are more tractable, and eafy to be brought 
 to the fheepfold of Chrift : having in truth 
 a land fufficient to recompence any Chri- 
 ftian prince in the world, for the whole 
 travel and labour, coft and charges be- 
 ftowed in that behalf ; with a wonderful 
 enlarging of a kingdom, befides the glory 
 of God by increafing of the church of 
 Chrift. 
 
 It is wonderful to hear, being never 
 known to Chriftians before this time, how 
 familiar they became in mort fpace with 
 us, thinking themfelves to be joined with 
 fuch a people, as they ought rather to 
 ferve, than offer any wrong or injury un 
 to : prefuming that they might be bold 
 with our general as with a father, and 
 with us as with brethren, and their near 
 friends ; neither feemed their love lefs to 
 wards us. One of the chiefeft among them 
 having on a time received a cap off our 
 general's head, which he did daily wear, 
 removing himfelf but a little from us, with 
 an arrow pierced his leg deeply, caufing 
 
 the blood to ftream out upon the ground : 
 fignitying thereby, how unfeignedly he 
 loved him, and giving therein a covenant 
 of peace : The number of men which here 
 did frequent our company, were about 50 
 perfons. Within, in the fouthermoft part 
 of this bay, there is a river of frefh water, 
 with a great many profitable iflands -, of 
 which, fome have always fuch ftore of feals 
 or fea-wolves, as were able to maintain a 
 huge army of men. Other iflands being 
 many and great, are fo replenifhed with 
 birds and fowl, as, if there were no other 
 victuals, a wonderful multitude of people 
 might be nourifhed by the increafe of them 
 for many pofterities. Of thefe we killed 
 fome with mot, and fome with ftaves, and 
 took fome with our hands, from mens 
 heads and moulders, upon which they 
 lighted. We could not perceive that the 
 people of the country had had any fort of 
 boat or canoe, to come to theie iflands. 
 Their own provifion which they eat, for 
 ought we could perceive, was commonly 
 raw. For we fliould fometimes find the 
 remnants of feals all bloody which they 
 had gnawn with their teeth like dogs. 
 They go all of them armed with a mort 
 bow, of about an ell in length, in their 
 hands, with arrows of reeds, and headed 
 with a flint ftone, very cunningly cut and 
 faftned. 
 
 This bay by reafon of the plenty of 
 feals therein found, (infomuch that we kill 
 ed two hundred in the fpace of one hour) 
 we called it Seal Bay. And having now 
 made fufficient provifion of victuals and 
 other necefiaries, as alfo happily finifhed 
 all our bufinefs, June 3d, we fet fail from 
 thence, and coafting along towards the pole 
 Antartick June i2th, we fell in with a lit 
 tle bay, in which we anchored for the fpace 
 of two days, fpent in the difcharging of 
 our Caunter, the Cbriftopher> which we 
 here laid up. 
 
 The 1 4th day we weighed again, and 
 kept our courfe fouthward till the i ;th, 
 and then caft anchor in another bay in 50 
 degr. 20 min. lacking but little more than 
 one degree of the mouth of the Straights 
 of Magellan, through which lay, our fo 
 much defired paflage into the fouth fea. 
 
 Here our general on good advice de 
 termined to alter his courfe, and turn his 
 ftern to the northward again, if happily 
 God would grant we might find our fhip 
 and friends whom we ,loft in the great 
 ftorm, as is beforefaid. Forafmuch as if 
 we mould enter into the ftraight without 
 them in our company, it muft needs go 
 hard with them ; and we alfo in the mean 
 time as well by their abfence, as by the 
 uncertainty of their ftate, muft needs re. 
 ceive no finall difcomfprt. 
 
 And 
 
444 
 
 The World Encompajjed 
 
 And therefore June i8th in the morn 
 ing, putting to fea again with hearty and 
 often prayers, we joined watchful induftry 
 to ferve God's good providence ; and held 
 on our purpofe to run back toward the 
 line into the fame height, in which they 
 were firft difievered from us. 
 
 The 1 9th day of June toward night, 
 having failed within a few leagues of port 
 St. Julian, we had our (hip in fight ; for 
 which we gave God thanks with moft 
 joyful minds. And forafmuch as the fhip 
 was far out of order, and very leaky, by 
 reafon of extremity of weather which fhe 
 had endured, as well before her lofing 
 company as in her abfence, our general 
 thought good to bear into St. Julian with 
 his fleet, becaufe it was fo nigh at hand, 
 and fo convenient a place : intending there 
 to refrefh his wearied men, and cherifh 
 them which had in their abfencc rafted fuch 
 bitternefs of difcomfort, befides the want 
 of many things which they fuftained. 
 
 Thus the next day, the 2oth of June, we 
 entered port St. Julian, which ftandeth in 
 49 degr. 30 min. and hath on the fouth 
 fide of the harbour, piked rocks like 
 rowers ; and within the harbour many i- 
 flands, which you may ride hard aboard 
 of, but in going in you muft borrow of 
 the north fhore. 
 
 Being now come to anchor, and all 
 things fitted and made fafe aboard, our 
 general, with certain of his company, -viz. 
 Thomas Drake's brother, John 'Thomas, Ro 
 bert tyintef, Oliver the mafter gunner, 
 John Brewer, and Thomas Hood, June 22d, 
 rowed further in with a boat to find out 
 fome convenient place which might yield 
 us frefh water, during the time of our a- 
 bode there, and furnifh us with fupply for 
 provifion, to take to fea with us at our 
 departure. Which work as it was of great 
 necefilty, and therefore carefully to be per 
 formed, fo did not he think himfelf dif- 
 charged of his duty, if he himfelf beftow- 
 ed not the firft travel therein, as his ufe 
 was at all times in all other things belong 
 ing to the relieving of our wants, and the 
 maintenance of our good eftate, by the 
 fupplying of what was needful. Prefently 
 upon his landing, he was vifited by two 
 of the inhabitants of the place, whom Ma 
 gellan named Patagous, or rather Penta- 
 gours, from their huge ftature, and ftrength 
 proportionable. Thefe, as they feemed 
 greatly to rejoice at his arrival, fo did they 
 Ihew themfelves very familiar, receiving 
 at our general's hands whatfoever he gave 
 them, and taking great pleafure in feeing 
 mafter Oliver, the mafter gunner of the 
 Admiral, to fhoot an Englijh arrow ; try 
 ing with him to fhoot at a length, but 
 came nothing near him. 
 
 Not long after, came one more of the 
 fame caft, but of a fowrer fort, for he, 
 rtiifl iking of the familiarity which his fel 
 lows had ufed, feemed very angry with 
 them, and ftrove earneftly to withdraw 
 them, and turn them to become our ene 
 mies ; which our general with his men 
 not fufpedting in them, ufed them as be 
 fore ; and one Mr. Robert Winter, think 
 ing of pleafure to fhoot an arrow at length, 
 as Mr. Oliver had done before, that he 
 which came laft might have a fight thereof, 
 the firing of his bow broke , which, as 
 before it was a terror unto them, fo now 
 broken, it gave them great encouragement 
 and boldnefs, and as they thought, great 
 advantage in their treacherous intent and 
 purpofe i not imagining that our calivers, 
 fwords, and targets, were any munition or 
 weapon of war. 
 
 In which perfuafion (as the general with 
 his company were quietly, without any 
 fufpicion of evil, going down towards his 
 boat) they fuddenly being prepared, and 
 gotten by ftealth behind him, (hot their 
 arrows ; chiefly at him which had the bow, 
 not fufFering him to firing the fame again, 
 which he was about to have done, as well 
 as he could : But being wounded in the 
 fhoulder at the firft fhot, and turning a- 
 bout, was fped with an arrow, which pier 
 ced his lungs, yet he fell not. But the 
 mafter gunner being ready to fhoot off his 
 caliver, which took not fire in levelling 
 thereof, was prefently flain outright. In 
 this extremity, if our general had not been 
 both expert in fuch affairs, able to judge, 
 and give prefent direction in the danger 
 thereof, and had not valiantly thruft him 
 felf into the dance againft thefe monfters, 
 there had not one of our men, that there 
 were landed, efcaped with life. He there 
 fore giving order that no man fhould keep 
 any certain ground, but fhift from place 
 to place, encroaching ftill upon the ene 
 my, ufing their targets, and other wea 
 pons for the defence of their bodies, and 
 that they fhould break fo many arrows, 
 as by any means they could come by, be 
 ing fhot at them ; wherein he himfelf was 
 very diligent, and careful allb in calling 
 on them, knowing that their arrows being 
 once fpent, they fhould have thefe enemies 
 at their devotion and pleafure, to kill or 
 fave. And this order being accordingly 
 taken, himfelf, I fay, with a good courage 
 and truft in the true and living God, 
 taking and mooting off the fame piece, 
 which the fame gunner could not make to 
 take fire, difpatched the firft beginner of 
 the quarrel, the fame man which flew our 
 mafter gunner. For the piece being char 
 ged with a bullet, and hail fhot, and well 
 aimed, tore out his belly and guts, with 
 
 great 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 great torment, as it feemed by his cry, which they had conceived of us, did hence- 
 which was fo hideous and horrible a roar, forward fo quench their heat, and take down 
 as if ten bulls had joined together in roar- their edge, that they both forgot revenge, 
 
 44? 
 
 ing, wherewith the courage of his partners 
 was fo abated, and their hearts appalled, 
 that notwithstanding divers of their fel 
 lows and countrymen appeared out of the 
 woods, on each fide, yet they were glad 
 by flying away to fave themfclves, quietly 
 fuffering our men either to depart or ftay. 
 Our general chofe rather to depart, than 
 to take further revenge of them, which 
 now he might, by reafon of his wounded 
 man, whom for many good parts he loved 
 clearly ; and therefore would rather have 
 faved him, than flain an hundred enemies, 
 but being pad recovery, he died the fecond 
 day after his being brought aboard again. 
 
 That night our mafter gunner's body 
 being left amore, for the fpeedier bringing 
 of the other aboard, our general himfelf 
 the next day, with his boat well appoint 
 ed, returned to the more, to fetch it like- 
 wife ; which they found lying where it was 
 left, but ftripp'd of his uppermoft garment, 
 
 and feeming by their countenance, to re 
 pent them of the wrong they had offered 
 us, that meant them no harm, fuffered us 
 to do what we would, the whole fpace of 
 two months after this, without any inter 
 ruption or moleftation by them ; and it 
 may perhaps be a means to breed a peace 
 in that people, towards "a\\ that may here 
 after this come that way. 
 
 To this evil, thus received at the hands 
 of Infidels, there was adjoined and grew 
 another mifchief, wrought and continued 
 clofely amongft ourfelves, as great, yea, far 
 greater, and of far more grievous confe- 
 quence than the former : But that it was, 
 by God's providence, detected and pre 
 vented in time, which elfe had extended it- 
 felf, not only to the violent fhedding of 
 innocent blood, by murdering our general, 
 and fuch others as were mod firm and 
 faithful to him ; but alfo to the final 
 overthrow of the whole action intended, 
 
 and having an Englijh arrow ftruck in his and to divers other moft dangerous effects. 
 
 right eye. 
 
 Both of thefe dead bodies were laid to 
 gether in one grave, with fuch reverence 
 as was fit for the earthen tabernacles of im 
 mortal fouls ; with fuch commendable ce 
 remonies as belong unto foldiers of worth, 
 in time of war, which they moft truly and 
 rightfully deferved. 
 
 Magellan was not altogether deceived, 
 in naming of them Giants ; for they gene 
 rally differ from the common fort of men, 
 both in ftature, bignefs, and ftrength of 
 body, as alfo in the hideoufhefs of their 
 voice. But yet they are nothing fo mon- 
 ftrous, or giantlike as they were reported ; 
 there being fome Englijb-me.n, as tall as 
 the higheft of any that we could fee ; but 
 peradventure, the Spaniards did not think 
 that ever any Englijhman would come thi 
 ther to reprove them ; and thereupon might 
 prefume the more boldly to lie : The name 
 Pentagons, five cubits, viz. feven foot and 
 half, defcribing the full height (if not fome- 
 what more) of the higheft of them. 
 
 But this is certain, that the Spani/h cru 
 elties there ufed, have made them more 
 monftrous, in mind and manners, than 
 they are in body ; and more inhofpitable, 
 to deal with any ftrangers that mall come 
 hereafter. For the lofs of their friends 
 (the remembrance whereof is affigned and 
 conveyed over from one generation to 
 another, amongft their pofterity) breedeth 
 an old grudge, which will not eafily be 
 forgotten, with fo quarrelfome and revenge 
 ful a people. Notwithftanding the terror 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 Thefe plots have been laid before the 
 voyage began in England : The very model 
 of them was mewed and declared to our ge 
 neral in his garden at Plymouth, before his 
 fetting fail ; which yet he either would not 
 credit, as true or likely, of a perfon f whom 
 he loved fo dearly, and was perfuaded 
 of to love him likewife unfeignedly, or 
 thought by love and benefits, to remove 
 and remedy it, if there were any evil pur- 
 pofes conceived againft him. 
 
 And therefore, he did not only conti 
 nue (to this fufpefted and accufed perfon) 
 all countenance, credit, and courtefies,which 
 he was wont to {hew and give him , but 
 increafed them, ufing him in a manner as 
 another himfelf, and as his moft inmoft 
 friend ; lodging him with himfelf; giving 
 him the fecond place, in all companies, in 
 his prefence ; leaving in his hand, the ftate 
 as it were of his own perfon, in his ab- 
 fence , imparting unto him all his coun- 
 fels ; allowing him free liberty in all things 
 that were reafonable ; and bearing often 
 at his hands great infirmities ; yea, defpi- 
 fing that any private injury mould break 
 fo firm a friendship, as he meant towards 
 him. And therefore, was he oftentimes 
 not a little offended, even with thofe, "who 
 upon confcience of their duty and knowledge, 
 (that otherwife they mould offend) difclo- 
 fed from time to time unto him, how the fire 
 increafed, that threatned his own, together 
 with the deftruction of the whole action. 
 
 But at length, perceiving that his lenity 
 
 and favours did little good ; in that the 
 
 5 X heat 
 
 f John Doughty, next in command to Drake, ibid. 
 
The World Encompaffed 
 
 heat of ambition was not yet allayed, nor 
 could be quenched, as it feemed, but by 
 blood ; and that the manifold practices 
 grew dayly more and more, even to ex 
 tremities ; he thought it high time to call 
 thefe practices into queftion, before it were 
 too late to call any queftion of them into 
 hearing. And therefore fetting good watch 
 over him, and aflembling all his captains 
 and gentlemen of his company together, 
 he propounded t them, the good parts 
 which were in the gentleman, the great 
 good will, and inward affection, more 
 than brotherly, which he had ever fince 
 his firft acquaintance born him, not omit 
 ting the refpect which was had of him, a- 
 mongft no mean perfonages in England ; 
 and afterwards delivered the letters, which 
 were written to him, with the particulars 
 from time to time, which had been obfer- 
 ved, not fo much by himfelf as by his 
 good friends -, not only at fea, but even 
 at Plymouth ; not bare words but writings ; 
 not writings alone, but actions, tending to 
 the overthrow of the fervice in hand, and 
 making away of his perfon. 
 
 Proofs were required and alledged, fo ma 
 ny*, and fo evident, that the gentleman him 
 felf, ftricken with remorfe of his inconfi- 
 derate and unkind dealing, acknowledged 
 himfelf to have deferved death, yea, many 
 deaths ; for that he confpired, not only 
 the overthrow of the action, but of the 
 principal actor allo, who was not a ftranger 
 or ill-wither, but a dear and true friend 
 unto him , and therefore in a great afiem- 
 bly, openly befought them, in whofe hands 
 juftice refted, to take fome order for him, 
 that he might not be compelled to enforce 
 his own hands againft his own bowels, or 
 otherwife to become his own executioner. 
 
 The admiration and aftonimment hereat, 
 in all the hearers, even thofe which were 
 his neareft friends, and moft affected him, 
 was great ; yea, in thofe, which for many 
 benefits received from him, had good 
 caufe to love him : But yet the general 
 was moft of ajl diftracted, and therefore 
 withdrew himfelf, as not able to conceal 
 his tender affection, requiring them that 
 had heard the whole matter, to give their 
 judgments, as they would another day an- 
 fwer it unto their prince, and unto Al 
 mighty God, judge of all the earth. There 
 fore they all, above forty in number, the 
 chiefeft in place and judgment in the whole 
 fleet, after they had difcufled diverfely of 
 the cafe, and alledged whatfoever came in 
 their minds, or could be there produced 
 by any of his other friends, with their own 
 hands under feal, adjudged that, He bad 
 deferred death t and that it flood, by no means 
 
 At port Julian, ibid. 
 
 with their fafety, to let him live : And there 
 fore, they remitted the manner thereof, with 
 the reft of the circumftances to the general. 
 
 This judgment, and as it were affize, 
 was held at land * , in one of the iflands of 
 that port ; which afterwards, in memory 
 hereof was called, the ifland of true juftice 
 and judgment. 
 
 Now after this verdict was thus return 
 ed unto our general (unto whom, for his 
 company, her Majefty before his depar 
 ture, had committed her fword, to ufe for 
 hislafety, with thefe words ; We do account 
 that he which ftriketh at thee Drake, ftriketh 
 at us) he called for the guilty party, and 
 caufed to be read unto him the feveral 
 verdicts, which were written, and pro 
 pounded of him ; which being acknow 
 ledged for the moft part (for none had gi 
 ven heavier lentence againft him, than he 
 had given againft himfelf) our general 
 propofed unto him this choice : Whether 
 he would chufe to be executed in this ifland, 
 or to be fet on land on the main, or return 
 into England, there to anfwer his deed before 
 the lords of her Majeftfs counfel ? 
 
 He moft humbly thanked the general 
 for his clemency, extended towards him 
 in fuch ample fort ; and craving fome re- 
 fpit to confult thereon, and fo make his 
 choice advifedly : The next day he return 
 ed this anfwer, that, Albeit he had yielded 
 in his heart, to entertain fo great a fin, as 
 whereof now he was juftly condemned; yet t 
 he bad a care, and that excelling all other 
 cares, to die a Chriftian man, that whatfo 
 ever did become of his clay body, he might re 
 main ajfured of an eternal inheritance, in a 
 far better life, This he feared, if he /hould 
 be fet on land amongft Infidels, how he /hould 
 be able to maintain this ajfurance, feeling in 
 his own frailty, how mighty the contagion 
 is of lewd cuftom. And therefore he be 
 fought the general moft earneftly, that He 
 would yet have a care, and regard of his 
 foul; and never jeopard it amongft heathen 
 and favage Infidels. If he /hould return into 
 England, he muft firft have a /hip, and men 
 to conduft it, with fufficient victuals ; two 
 of which though they were had, yet for the 
 third, he thought no man would accompany 
 him, infofad a mejfage, to fo vile an iffue y 
 from fo honourable a fervice. But if that 
 there were, which could induce their minds, 
 to return with him, yet the very Jhame of 
 the return, would be as death, or more grie 
 vous if it -were poffible ; becaufe he /hould be 
 fa long a dying, and die fo often. Therefore 
 he profefled, That with all his heart, he did 
 embrace the firft branch of the General's 
 proffer ; defiring only his favour, that they 
 might receive the holy communion once again 
 
 together 
 

 
 jj j 
 
 1 
 
 il i 
 
 ' - 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 together before bis death ; and that he might year 1520, for the execution tfjobn Car- 
 not die any otherwife than a gentleman's death, thagene, the bifhop of Burgos' s coufin, who 
 
 447 
 
 Though fundry realbns were ufed by 
 many to perfuade him to take either of the 
 other ways, yet when he remained reib- 
 lute in his former determination, both parts 
 ef his laft requeft were granted : And the 
 next convenient day a communion was ce 
 lebrated by Mr. Francis Fletcher , preacher 
 and paftor of the fleet at that time. The 
 general himfelf communicated in this fa- 
 cred ordinance, with this condemned peni- 
 
 by the king's order, was joined with Ma 
 gellan in commiflion, and made his vice- 
 admiral. 
 
 In the ifland, as we digged to bury this 
 gentleman, we found a great grinding- 
 ftone, broken in two parts, which we took 
 and fet faft in the ground, the one part at 
 the head, the other at the feet, building 
 up the middle fpace, with other ftones and 
 turfs of earth, and engraved in the ftones 
 
 tent gentleman ; who mewed great tokens the names of the parties buried there, with 
 
 of a contrite and repentant heart, as who 
 was more deeply difpleafed with his own 
 aft, than any man elfe h . And after this 
 holy repaft, they dined alfb at the fame 
 table together, as chearfully in fobriety, as 
 ever in their lives they had done afore 
 time ; each cheering up the other, and 
 taking their leave, by drinking each to o- 
 
 the time of their departure, and a memo 
 rial of our general's name in Latin, that 
 it might the better be underftood of all 
 that Ihould come after us. 
 
 Thefe things thus ended, and fet in or 
 der, our general difcharging the Mary, 
 viz. our Portugueze prize, becaufe fhe was 
 leaky and troublefomd, defaced her, and 
 
 ther, as if fome journey only had been in then left her ribs and keel upon the ifland 
 
 being brought 
 
 hand. 
 
 After dinner, all things 
 in a readinefs, by him that fupplied the 
 room of the Provoft Marfhal ; without 
 any dallying, or delaying the time, he came 
 forth, and kneeled down, preparing at 
 once, his neck for the axe, and his fpirit 
 for heaven : Which having done, without 
 long ceremony, as who had before digefted 
 this whole tragedy, he defired all the reft 
 to pray for him, and defired the executi 
 oner to do his ofHce, not to fear nor fpare. 
 
 Thus having by the worthy manner of 
 
 his death (being much more honourable by and profpered, we fet our courfe 
 it, than blameable for any other of his a- Streights, fouth-weft. 
 ctions) fully blotted out whatever ftain his 
 fault might feem to bring upon him, he 
 left unto our fleet a lamentable example of 
 a goodly gentleman, who in feeking ad 
 vancement unfit for him, caft away him- 
 ielf ; and unto pofterity a monument of 
 I know not what fatal calamity, incident 
 
 where for two months together we had 
 pitched our tents. And fo having wood 
 ed, watered, trimmed our fhips, difpatched 
 all our other bufmefles, and brought our 
 fleet into the fmalleft number, even three 
 only, befides our pinnaces, that we might 
 the eafier keep ourfelves together, be the 
 better furnifhed with neceflaries, and be 
 the ftronger mann'd, agair.ft whatfocver 
 need fhould be i Auguft \ yth we departed 
 out of this port, and being now in great 
 hope of a happy iflue to our enterprize, 
 which Almighty God hitherto had fo bleft 
 
 for the 
 
 Auguft 2oth we fell with the cape ; near 
 which lies the entrance into the Streigbt, 
 called by the Spaniards, Capo virgin Maria, 
 appearing four leagues before you come to 
 it with high and fteep grey cliffs, full of 
 black ftars, againft which the fea beating, 
 fheweth as it were the fpoutings of whales, 
 
 to that port, and fuch like actions, which having the higheft of the cape, like cape 
 might happily afford a new pair of paral- Vincent in Portugal. At this cape our ge- 
 lels to be added to Plutarch's. In that neral caufed his fleet, in homage to our 
 the fame place, near about the fame time fovereign lady the Queen's Majefty, to 
 of the year, witnefled the execution of two ftrike their top-fails upon the bunt, as a 
 gentlemen, fuffering both for the like token of his willing and glad mind, to 
 caufe, employed both in like fervice, en- ihew his dutiful obedience to her high- 
 tertained both in great place, endued both nefs, whom he acknowledged to have full 
 with excellent qualities, the one 58 years intereft, and right in that new difcovery } 
 after the other. and withal, in remembrance of his moft 
 
 For on the main, our men found a gib- honourable friend Sir Chriftopher Hatfoti, 
 bet fallen down, made of a fpruce maft, he changed the name of the fhip, which 
 with mens bones underneath it, which they 
 conjectured to be the fame gibbet, which 
 Magellan commanded to be creeled in the 
 
 himfelf went in, from the Pellican to be 
 called the Golden Hind ; which ceremonies 
 being ended, together with a ferrnon, teach 
 
 ing 
 
 h Here I can't help taking notice of thofe hiftorians, who take this occafion to blacken the memory of 
 Sir Francis Drake, by faying, that this accufation was a mere contrivance of his to remove the emulator of 
 his glory ; or, that the admiral had it in commiflion, and offered this man a facrince to the earl of Lei- 
 teller's revenge, on account _of fome perfonal refle&ions ; When every circumftance of this relation is a 
 plain proof to the contrary. 
 
448 
 
 The World Encompajjed 
 
 ing true obedience, with prayers and giv 
 ing of thanks for her majefty and moft 
 honourable council, with the whole body 
 of the commonweal and church of God ; 
 we continued our courfe on into the faid 
 frete, where parting with land in fight on 
 both fides, we fhortly fell with fo narrow 
 a ftrait, as carrying with it much wind, 
 often turnings, and many dangers, requi- 
 reth an expert judgment in him that fhall 
 pafs the fame ; it lieth W. N. W. and E. 
 S. Eaft ; but having left this ftrait a- 
 ftern, we feeined to be come out of a river 
 of two leagues broad, into a large and 
 main fea-, having, the night following, 
 an ifland in fight, which (being in height 
 nothing inferior to the ifland Fogo before 
 fpoken of) burning (like it alfoj aloft in 
 the air, in a wonderful fort, without in- 
 termiffion. 
 
 It hath formerly been received, as an un 
 doubted truth, that the feas, following the 
 courfe of the firft mover, from the eaft to 
 weft, have a continual current through this 
 ftrait ; but our experience found the con 
 trary , the ebbings and flowings here be 
 ing as orderly (in which the water rifes 
 and falls more than five fathoms upright) 
 as on other coafts. 
 
 The 24th of Auguft, being Bartholo 
 mew Day, we fell within three iflands, 
 bearing trianglewife one from another ; one 
 of them was very fair and large, and of a 
 fruitful foil, -upon which being next unto 
 us, and the weather very calm, our gene 
 ral with his gentlemen, and certain of his 
 mariners, then landed ; taking poflefTion 
 thereof in her Majefty's name, and to her 
 ufe, and called the fame Elizabeth ifland. 
 
 The other two, though they were not 
 fo large, nor fo fair to the eye, yet were 
 they to us exceeding ufeful, for in them 
 we found great ftore of ftrange birds, which 
 could not fly at all, nor yet run fo faft as 
 that they could efcape us with their lives ; 
 in body they are lefs than a goofe, and 
 bigger than a mallard, fhort and thick fet 
 together, having no feathers, but, inftead 
 thereof, a certain hard and matted down ; 
 their beaks are not much unlike the bills of 
 crows ; they lodge and breed upon the 
 land, where making earths, as the conies 
 do, in the ground, they lay their eggs, 
 and bring up their young , their feeding 
 and provifion to live on is in the fea, where 
 they, fwim in fuch fort as nature may feem 
 to have granted them no fmall prerogative 
 in fwiftnefs, both to prey upon others, and 
 themfelves to efcape from any others that 
 feek to feize upon them ; and fuch was the 
 infinite refort of thefe birds to thefe iflands, 
 that in the fpace of one day we killed no 
 lefs than 3000 ; and, if the increafe be ac 
 cording to the number, it is not to be 
 
 thought that the world hath brought forth 
 a greater blefling in one kind of creature 
 in fo fmall a circuit, fo neceffarily and plen 
 tifully ferving the ufe of man , they are a 
 very good and wholefome vicinal : our 
 general named thefe iflands, the one Bar 
 tholomew, according to the day ; the other 
 St. George, in honour of England, accord 
 ing to the ancient cuftom there obferved. 
 
 In the ifland of St. George, we found 
 the body of a man, fo long dead before, 
 that his bones would not hold together, 
 being moved out of the place whereon 
 they lay. 
 
 From thefe iflands, to the entrance in 
 to the Soutb-fea, the frete is very crooked, 
 having many turnings, and as it were fhut- 
 tings up, as if there were no paffage at all ; 
 by means whereof we were often troubled 
 with contrary winds, fo that fome of our 
 fliips recovering a cape of land, entring 
 another reach, the reft were forced to alter 
 their courfe, and come to anchor where 
 they might. It is true, which Magellan 
 reporteth of this paffage, namely, that there 
 be many fair harbours, and ftore of frefli 
 water ; but fome fliips had need to be 
 freighted with nothing elfe befides an 
 chors and cables, to find ground in moft 
 of them to come to anchor ; which, when 
 any extreme gufts, or contrary winds do 
 come (whereunto the place is altogether 
 fubjec~t) is a great hindrance to the paf 
 fage, and carrieth with it no fmall dan 
 ger. 
 
 The land, on both fides, is very high 
 and mountainous, having on the north and 
 weft fide the continent of America, and on 
 the fouth and eaft part , nothing but 
 iflands ; among which lie innumerable 
 fretes or paflages into the Soutb-fea. The 
 mountains arile with fuch tops and fpires 
 into the air, and of fo rare a height, as 
 they may well be accounted amongft the 
 wonders of the world ; environed, as it 
 were, with many regions of congealed 
 clouds and frozen meteors, whereby they 
 are continually fed and increafed, both in 
 the height and bignefs, from time to time -, 
 retaining that which they have once receiv 
 ed, being little again diminiftied by the 
 heat of the fun, as being fo far from re 
 flexion, and fo nigh the cold and frozen 
 region. 
 
 But notwithstanding all this, yet are the 
 low and plain grounds very fruitful, the 
 grafs green and natural, the herds, that are 
 of very ftrange forts, good and many ; 
 the trees, for the moft part of them, al 
 ways green ; the air of the temperature of 
 our country ; the water moft pleafant ; 
 and the foil agreeing to any grain which 
 we have growing in our country ; a place, 
 no doubt, that lackcth nothing, but a 
 
 people 
 

 
 ' 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 449 
 
 people to ufe the fame to the creator's glo 
 ry, and the increafing of the church. The 
 people inhabiting thefe parts, made fires as 
 we pafifed by in divers places. 
 
 Drawing nigh the entrance of the Soutb- 
 fea, we had fuch a (hutting up to the 
 northward, and fuch large and open fretes 
 toward the fouth, that it was wonderful 
 which way we fhould pafs without further 
 difcovery : For which caufe, our general 
 having brought his fleet to anchor under 
 an ifland, himfelf, with certain of his 
 gentlemen, rowed in a boat to defcry the 
 pafiage ; who having difcovered a fuffi- 
 cient way towards the north, in their re 
 turn to their fhips, met a canoe under the 
 fame ifland where we rode then at anchor, 
 having in her divers perfons. 
 
 This canoe or boat was made of the 
 bark of divers trees, having a prow and 
 a ftern Handing up, and femicirclewife, 
 yielding inward, of one form and fafh ion ; 
 the body whereof was a moft dainty mould, 
 bearing in it moft comely proportion and 
 excellent workmanfhip, infomuch as to our 
 general and us, it feemed never to have 
 been done without the cunning and expert 
 judgment of art ; and that not for the ufe 
 of fo rude and barbarous a people, but for 
 the pleafure of fome great and noble perfo- 
 nage, yea of fome prince : it had no other 
 clofing up or caulking in the feams but the 
 ftitching with thongs made of feal-fkins, or 
 other fuch beaft, and yet fo clofe that it re 
 ceived very little or no water at all. 
 
 The people are of a mean ftature, but 
 well fet and compact in all their parts and 
 limbs -, they have great pleafure in paint 
 ing their faces, as the others have of whom 
 we have fpoken before. Within the faid 
 ifland they had a houfe of mean building, 
 of certain poles, and covered with (kins 
 of beafts ; having therein fire, water, and 
 fuch meat as commonly they can come by, 
 as feals, mufcles, and fuch like. 
 
 The vefiels wherein they kept their wa 
 ter, and their cups in which they drink, 
 are made of barks of trees, as was their ca 
 noe, and that with no lefs fkill (for the big- 
 nefs of the thing) being of a very formal 
 fhape and good fafhion. Their working 
 tools, which they ufe in cutting thefe things 
 and fuch other, are knives made of moft 
 huge and monftrous mufcle-fhells (the like 
 whereof have not been feen or heard of 
 lightly by any travellers, the meat thereof 
 being very favoury and good in eating) which 
 after they have broken off the thin and 
 brittle fubflance of the edge, they rub and 
 grind them upon ftones had for the pur- 
 pofe, till they have tempered and fet fuch 
 an edge upon them, that no wood is fo 
 hard but they will cut it at pleafure with 
 the fame, whereof we ourfelves had expe- 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 rience. Yea they cut therewith bones of a 
 marvellous hardnefs; making of them fif- 
 gies to kill fifh, wherein they have a moft 
 pleafant exercife with great dexterity. 
 
 The fixth of September we had left aftern 
 Us all thefe troublefome iflands, and were 
 entered into the Soutb-fea, or Mare del zur\ 
 at the cape whereof, our general had de 
 termined, with his whole company, to 
 have gone afhore, and there, after a fer- 
 mon, to have left a monument of her ma- 
 jefty ingraven in metal, for a perpetual 
 remembrance, which he had in a readinels 
 for that end prepared ; but neither was there 
 any anchoring, neither did the wind fuffer 
 us to make a flay. 
 
 Only this by all our mens obfervations 
 was concluded, that the entrance, by which 
 we came into this ftrait, was in 52 deg. 
 the midft in 53 deg. 15 m. and the go 
 ing out in 52 deg. 3001. being 150 leagues 
 in length ; at the very entry, fuppofed alfo 
 to be about 10 leagues in breadth. After 
 we were enter'd ten leagues within it, it 
 was found not paft a league in breadth > 
 farther within, in fome places very large, 
 in fome very narrow ; and, in the end, 
 found to be no ftrait , at all , but all 
 iflands. 
 
 Now when our general perceived that 
 the nipping cold, under fo cruel a frown 
 ing winter, had impaired the health of 
 fome of his men, he meant to have made 
 the more hafte again toward the line, and 
 not to fail any farther towards the pole an- 
 tartick, left being farther from the fun, 
 and nearer the cold, we might haply be 
 overtaken with fome greater danger of 
 ficknefs. But God giving men leave to 
 purpofe, referveth to himfelf the difpofi- 
 tion of all things , making their intents of 
 none effect, or changing their meanings 
 oft times clean into the contrary, as may 
 beft ferve for his own glory and their 
 profit. 
 
 For September 7. the fecond day after 
 our entrance into the Soutb-fea (called by 
 fome mare pacificism, but proving to us ra 
 ther to be mare furisfum} God, by a con 
 trary wind and intolerable tempeft, feemed 
 to fet himfelf againft us ; forcing us not 
 only to alter our courfe and determination, 
 but with great trouble, long time, many 
 dangers, hard efcapes, and final feparating 
 of our fleet, to yield ourfelves unto his 
 will. Yea, fuch was the extremity of the 
 tempeft, that it appeared to us as if he had 
 pronounced a fentence, not to ftay his 
 hand, nor to withdraw his judgment till he 
 had buried our bodies and fhips alfo, in the 
 bottomlefs depth of the raging fea. 
 
 In the time of this incredible ftorm, the, 
 
 1 5th of September ', the moon was eclipled 
 
 in Aries, and darkned about three points, 
 
 5 Y for 
 
The World Encompajjed 
 
 for the fpacc of two glafies ; which, being 
 ended, might feem to give us fome hope 
 of alteration and change of weather to the 
 better. Notwithftanding, as the ecliptical 
 conflict, could add nothing to our miferable 
 eftate, no more did the ending thereof eafe 
 us any thing at all, nor take away any part 
 of our troubles from us ; but our eclipfe 
 
 ' continued ftill in its full force fo prevailing 
 againft us, that for the fpace of full 52 
 days together, we were darkned more than 
 the moon by 20 parts, or more than we 
 by any means could ever have prefervefd, 
 or recovered light of ourfelves again, if 
 the Son of God, which laid this burden 
 upon our backs, had not mercifully born 
 it up with his own moulders, and upheld 
 us by his own power, beyond any pofllble 
 ftrcngth or fkill of man. Neither indeed 
 did we at all efcape, but with the feeling of 
 great difcomforts through the fame. 
 
 For thefe violent and extraordinary flaws 
 (fuch as feldom have been feen) ftill con 
 tinuing, or rather increafing, September 
 3oth, in the night, caufed the forrowful 
 feparation of the Marigold from us, in which 
 was captain John Thomas, with many others 
 of our dear friends; who by no means, 
 that we could conceive, could help them- 
 felves, but by fpooming along before the 
 fea : with whom albeit we could never 
 meet again, yet (our general having afore- 
 hand given order, that if any of our fleet 
 did lofe company, the place of refort to 
 meet again Ihould be in 30 degr, or there 
 abouts, upon the coafts of Peru, toward 
 the equinoctial) we long time hoped (till 
 experience mowed our hope was vain) that 
 there we mould joyfully meet with them, 
 
 __ efpecially for that they were well provided 
 of victuals, and lack'd no fkilful and fuf- 
 ficient men (befides their captain) to bring 
 forwards the Ihip to the place appoint 
 ed. 
 
 From the feventh of September (in which. 
 the ftorm began) till the feventh of Otto- 
 btr we could not by any means recover any 
 knd (having in the mean time been driven 
 fo far fouth as to the 3 7 degr. and fome- 
 what better ;) on this day towards night, 
 ibmewhat to the north ward, of that cape of 
 America, (whereof mention is made before 
 in the defcription of our departure from the 
 ftrait into the fea) with a forry fail we en- 
 tred a harbour, where hoping to enjoy fome 
 freedom and eafe till the ftorm was ended, 
 we received, within few hours after our 
 coming to anchor, fo deadly a ftroke and 
 hard entertainment, that our admiral left 
 not only an anchor behind her, through 
 the violence and fury of the flaw, but in 
 departing thence, alfo loft the company 
 and fight of our vice-admiral, the Eliza- 
 fatb; partly through the negligence of 
 
 thofe that had the charge of her, partly 
 through a kind of defire that fome in her 
 had to be out of thefe troubles, and to be 
 at home again ; which (as fince is known) 
 they thenceforward , by all means, af- 
 fayed and performed ; for the very next 
 day, OtfoberS. recovering the mouth of 
 the ftraits again (which we were now fo 
 near unto) they returned back the fame 
 way by which they came forward, and 
 coafting Erafil, they arrived in England^ 
 June 2, the year following. 
 
 So that now our admiral, if me had re 
 tained her old name of Pelluan, which me 
 bore at our departure from our country, 
 fhe might have been now indeed faid to be 
 as a Pellican alone in the wildernefs : for 
 albeit our general fought the reft of his 
 fleet with great care, yet could we not 
 have any fight or certain news of them by 
 any means. 
 
 From this bay of parting of friends, we 
 were forcibly driven back again into 55 
 degr. towards the pole antartic; in which 
 height we ran in among the iflands before- 
 mentioned, lying to the fouthward of Ame 
 rica, through which we pafled from one 
 fea to the other, as hath been declared ; 
 where, coming to anchor, we found the 
 waters there to have their indraught and. 
 free paflage, and that through no fmall 
 guts, or narrow channels, but indeed thro* 
 as large fretes or ftreights as it hath at the 
 fuppofed ftreights of Magellan through 
 which we came. 
 
 Among thefe iflands, making our abode 
 with fome quietnefs for a very little while, 
 (viz. two days) and finding divers good 
 and wholefome herbs, together with frefh 
 water, our men, which before were weak, 
 and much impaired in their health, began- 
 to receive good comfort, efpecially by the 
 drinking of one herb (not much unlike 
 that herb which we commonly call' penny- 
 leaf) which purging with great facility, 
 afforded great help and refreshing to our 
 wearied and fickly bodies : but the winds 
 returning to their old wont, and the feas 
 raging after their former manner, yea every 
 thing as it were fetting itfelf againft our 
 peace and defired reft, here was noftay per 
 mitted, neither any fafety to be looked' 
 for. 
 
 For fuch was the prefent danger, by 
 forcing and continual flaws, that we were 
 rather to look for prefent death than hope 
 for any delivery, if God almighty Ihould 
 not make the way for us : the winds were, 
 fuch as if the bowels of the earth had fet 
 all at liberty ; or, as if the clouds under 
 heaven had been called together, to lay 
 their force on that one place: the feas, 
 which by nature, and of themfelves are 
 heavy, and of a weighty fubfhnce, were 
 
 rolled 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 4? * 
 
 rolled up from the depths, even from the 
 roots of the rocks, as if it had been a fcroll 
 of parchment, which by the extremity of 
 heat runneth together ; and being aloft, 
 were carried in moft ftrange manner and 
 abundance, as feathers or drifts of fnow, by 
 the violence of the winds-, to water the ex 
 ceeding tops of high and lofty mountains. 
 Our anchors, as falfe friends in fuch a dan 
 ger, gave over their holdfaft, and, as if 
 it had been with horror of the thing, did 
 fhrink down to hide themfelves in this mi- 
 ferable ftorm , committing the diftrefied 
 {hip and helplefs men to the uncertain roll 
 ing feas, which tofled them like a ball in a 
 racquet. In this cafe, to let fall more an 
 chors would avail us nothing ; for being 
 driven from our firft place of anchoring, fo 
 unmeafurable was the depth, that 500 fa 
 thom would fetch no ground ; fo that the 
 violent ftorm without intermiffion, the 
 impoffibility to come to anchor, the want 
 of opportunity to fpread any fails, the moft 
 mad leas, the lee fhores, the dangerous 
 rocks, the contrary and moft intolerable 
 winds, the impoflible paflage out, the de- 
 fperate tarrying there, and inevitable pe 
 rils on every fide, did lay before us fo 
 fmall likelihood to efcape prefent deftru- 
 ction, that if the fpecial providence of 
 God himfelf had not fupported us, we 
 could never have endured that woful ftate, 
 as being environ'd with moft terrible and 
 moft fearful judgments round about. For 
 truly it was more likely, that the mountains 
 fhould have been rent in funder from the 
 top to the bottom, and caft headlong into 
 the fea, bythefe unnatural winds, than 
 that we, by any help or cunning of man, 
 Ihould free the life of any one amongft us. 
 
 Notwithftanding, the fame God of mer 
 cy, which delivered Jonai out of the whale's 
 belly, and heareth all thofe that call upon 
 him faithfully in their diftrefs ; looked 
 down from heaven, beheld our tears, and 
 heard our humble petitions, joined with 
 holy vows. Even God ( Whom not the 
 winds and feas alonp, but even the devils 
 themfelves and powers of hell obey) did 
 fo wonderfully free us, and make our way 
 open before us, as it were by his holy an 
 gels ftill giliding and conducting us, that 
 more than the affright and amaze of this 
 eftate, we received no part of damage in 
 all the things that belonged unto us. 
 
 But efcaping from thefe ftraits and mife- 
 ries, as it were through the needle's eye 
 (that God might have the greater glbry in . 
 our delivery) by the great and effectual 
 care and travel of our genera], the Lord's 
 inflrument therein, we could ndw no 
 longer forbear, but muft needs find fome 
 place of refuge, as well to provide water, 
 wood, and other neceflaries, as to com 
 
 fort our men, thus worn and tir'd out by 
 fp many and fo long intolerable toils : the 
 like whereof, it is to be fuppofed, no tra 
 veller hath felt, neither hath there ever 
 been fuch a tempeft (that any records make 
 mention of) fo violent, and of fuch con 
 tinuance, fince Noah's flood ; for, as hath 
 been faid, it lafted from September 7. to 
 Oftober 28. full 52 days. 
 
 Not many leagues therefore to the 
 fouthward of our former anchoring, we 
 ran in again among thefe iflands, where we 
 had once more better likelihood to reft in 
 peace ; and fo much the rather, for that 
 we found the people of the country travel 
 ling for^their living, from one ifland to 
 another *n their canoes, both men, wo 
 men, and young infants wrapt in fkins, 
 and hanging at their mothers backs ; with 
 whom he had traffick for fuch things as 
 they had, as chains of certain fhells, and 
 fuch other trifles. Here the Lord gave us 
 three days to breathe ourfelves, and to pro 
 vide fuch things as we wanted, albeit the 
 fame was with continual care and troubles 
 to avoid imminent dangers, which the 
 troubled feas and bluftering/ winds did eve 
 ry hour threaten unto us. 
 
 But when we feemed to have flayed 
 there too long, we were more rigoroufly 
 afTaulted by the not formerly ended, but 
 now more violently renewed ftorm, and 
 driven then alfo with no fmall danger, 
 leaving behind us the greater part of our 
 cable with the anchor ; being chafed along 
 by the winds, and buffeted incefiantly in 
 each quarter by the feas (which our. ge 
 neral interpreted, as though God had fcnt 
 them on purpofe to the end which enfued) 
 till at length we fell with the uttermoft 
 part of land towards the fouth pole, and 
 had certainly difcovered how far the fame 
 doth reach fouthward from the coaft of 
 America aforenamed. 
 
 The uttermoft cape or headland of aU 
 thefe iflands ftands near in the 56th degr. 
 without which there is no main nor ifland 
 to be feen to the fouthward ; but that the 
 Atlantick ocean and the South-Sea meet in 
 a moft large and free fcope. 
 
 It hath been a dream through many 
 ages, that thefe iflands have been a main, 
 and that it hath been terra incognita, 
 wherein many ftrange monfters lived. In 
 deed it might truly, before this time, be 
 called incognita ; for howfoever the rrtaps 
 and general defcriptions of cofmographers, 
 either upon the deceivable reports of other 
 men, or the deceitful imaginations of 
 themfelves (fuppofing never herein to be 
 corrected) have fct it down ; yet it is 
 true, that before this time it was never dif- 
 covered, or certainly known by any tra 
 veller, that we have heard of. 
 
 And 
 
492- 
 
 The World Encompaffed 
 
 And here, as in a fit place, it (hall not 
 be arhifs to remove that error in opinion, 
 which hath been held by many, of the im- 
 poffible return out of Mar Ad zur into the 
 weft ocean, by reafon of the fuppofed 
 caftern current and Levant winds, which 
 (fay they) fpeedily carry any thither, but 
 fuffer no return. They are herein like- 
 wife altogether deceived -, for neither did 
 we meet with any fuch current, neither 
 had we any fuch certain winds, with any 
 fuch fpeed, to carry us through ; but at 
 all times in our paflage there, we found 
 more opportunity to return back again in 
 to the weft ocean, than to go forward in 
 to Mar del zur, by means either of cur 
 rent or winds to hinder us, whereof we 
 had experience more than ' we wifhed ; 
 being glad oftentimes to alter our courfe, 
 and to fall aftern again, with frank wind 
 (without any impediment of any fuch fur- 
 mifed current) farther in one afternoon 
 than we could fetch up or recover again in 
 a whole day with a reafonable gale. And 
 in that they alledge the narrownefs of the 
 frete, and want of fea-room, to be the 
 caufe of this violent current , they are here 
 in no lefs deceived, than they were in the 
 other without reafon : for befides that, it 
 cannot be faid that there is one only paf- 
 fage> but rather innumerable ; it is moft 
 certain, that a fea-board all thefe iflands, 
 there is one large and main fea, wherein if 
 any will not be fatisfied, nor believe the 
 report of our experience and eye-fight, he 
 fhould be advifed to fufpend his judgment, 
 till he hath either tried it himfelf by his 
 own travel, or Ihall underftand by other 
 travellers, more particulars to confirm his 
 mind therein. 
 
 Now as we were fallen to the uttermoft 
 part of thefe iflands Ottober 28. our trou 
 bles did make an end, the ftorm ceafed, 
 and all our calamities (only the abfence of 
 our friends excepted) were removed, as if 
 God, all this while, by his fecret provi 
 dence, had led us to make this difcovery ; 
 which being made according to his will, 
 he ftayed his hand, as pleafed his Majefty 
 therein, 1 and refreflied us as his fervants. 
 
 At thefe foutherly parts we found the 
 night, in the latter end of OUober, to be 
 but two hours long, the fun being yet above 
 7 degrees diftant from the tropick ; fo that 
 it feemeth, being in the tropick, to leave 
 very little, or no night at all in that 
 place. 
 
 There be few of all thefe iflands but 
 have fome inhabitants, whofe manners, ap 
 parel, houfes, canoes, and way of living, 
 is like unto thofe formerly fpoken of, a 
 little before our departure out of the 
 Streights. To all thefe iflands did our 
 general give one name, to wit, Elizabe- 
 thidts. 
 
 After two days ftay, which we made in 
 and about thefe iflands, the goth of OHo- 
 ber we fet fail ; lhaping our courfe right 
 north- weft, to coaft along the parts of Peru, 
 for fo the general maps fet out the land to 
 lie, both for that we might with conve 
 nient fpeed, fall with the height of 30 deg. 
 being the place appointed for the reft of 
 our fleet to re-aflemble ; as alfo that no 
 opportunity might be loft, in the mean 
 time to find them out, if it feemed good 
 to God to direct them to us. 
 
 In this courfe we chanced (the next day) 
 with two iflands, being as it were ftore- 
 houfes, of moft liberal provifion of victu 
 als for us, of birds ; yielding not only fuf- 
 ficient and plentiful ftore for us who were 
 preient, but enough to have ferved all the 
 reft alfo which were abfent. 
 
 Thence (having furniftied ourfelves to 
 our content) we continued our courfe No 
 vember i ft, ftill north- weft, as we had for 
 merly done , but in going on, we foon 
 efpied, that we might eafily have been de 
 ceived ; and therefore cafting about, and 
 fleering upon another point, we found that 
 the general maps did err from the truth, 
 in fetting down the coaft of Peru, for 1 2 
 degr. at leaft to the northward, of the fup 
 pofed ftrait ; no lefs then is the north- weft 
 point of the compafs different from the north- 
 eaft, perceiving hereby, that no man had 
 ever by travel difcovered any part of thefe 
 1 2 degrees , and therefore the fetters forth 
 of fuch defcriptions, are not to be trufted ; 
 much lefs honoured in their falfe and frau 
 dulent conjectures, which they ufe, not ii> 
 this alone, but in divers other points of no 
 fmall importance. 
 
 We found this part of Peru, all along 
 to the height of Lima, which is 12 degr. 
 fouth of the line, to be mountainous and 
 very barren, without water or wood, for 
 the moft part, except in certain places in 
 habited by the Spaniards and few others, 
 which are very fruitful and commodious. 
 
 After we were once again thus fallen in 
 with the land, we continually coafted along, 
 till we came to the height of 37 degr. or 
 thereabouts ; and finding no convenient 
 place of abode, nor likelihood to hear any 
 news of our fhips, we ran off again with 
 an ifland, which lay in fight, named .of 
 the Spaniards, Mucho, by reafon of the 
 greatnefs and large circuit thereof. 
 
 At this ifland coming to anchor, No 
 vember 25. we found it to be a fruitful 
 place, and well ftored with fundry forts of 
 good things, as fheep and other cattle, 
 maize, which is a kind of grain whereof 
 they make bread, potatoes, with fuch 
 other roots : befides that, it is thought to 
 be wonderful rich in gold, and to want no 
 good thing for the ufe of man's life. The 
 
 inhabitants 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 495 
 
 inhabitants are fuch Indians, as by the 
 cruel and moft extreme dealing of the Spa 
 niards have been driven to fly from the 
 main, here to relieve and fortify them- 
 felves. With this people our general 
 thought it meet to have traffick for frefh 
 victuals and water , and for that caufe, the 
 very fame night of our arrival there, him- 
 felf with divers of his company went afhore, 
 to whom the people with great courtefy 
 came down, bringing with them fuch 
 fruits and other viftuals as they had, and 
 two very fat fheep, which they gave our 
 general for a prefent. In recompence 
 whereof, we beftowed upon them again 
 many good and necefiary things ; fignify- 
 ing unto them, that the end of his coming 
 was for no other caufe, but by way of 
 exchange to traffick with them for fuch 
 things as we needed, and they could fpare -, 
 and in particular for fuch as they had al 
 ready brought down upon us, befides frefh 
 water, which we defired of them. Here 
 in they held themfelves well contented, 
 and feemed to be not a little joyful of our 
 coming ; appointing where we mould the 
 next morning have frefh water at pleafure ; 
 and withal fignifying, that then alfo they 
 would bring us down fuch other things as 
 we defired to ferve our turns. 
 
 The next day therefore very early in 
 the morning (all things being made ready 
 for traffick, as alfo vefiels prepar'd to 
 bring the water) our general taking great 
 care for fo neceflary provifion, repaired to 
 the more again , and fetting aland two ot 
 his men, fent with them their barricoes to 
 
 fons in the boat, were deadly wounded 
 in divers parts of their bodies, if God al- 
 moft miraculoufly had not given cure to 
 the fame. For our chief furgeon being 
 dead, and the other abfent by the lofs of 
 our vice-admiral, and having none left us 
 but a boy, whofe good will was more than 
 any Ikill he had, we were little better than 
 altogether deftitute of fuch cunning and 
 helps, as fo grievous a ftate of fo ma 
 ny wounded bodies did require. Not- 
 withftanding, God, by the good advice of 
 our general, and the diligent putting to 
 of every man's help, did give fuch fpeedy 
 and wonderful cure, that we had all great 
 comfort thereby, and yielded God the glo 
 ry thereof. 
 
 The caufe of this force and injury by 
 thefe I/landers, was no other but the dead 
 ly hatred which they bear again ft their ci 
 vil enemies the Spaniards, for the bloody 
 and moft tyrannous oppreflion which they 
 had ufed towards them. And therefore 
 with purpofe againft them, fufpecting us 
 to be Spaniards indeed ; and that the ra 
 ther, by occafipn that though command 
 was given to the contrary, fome of our 
 men in demanding water ufed the Spani/b 
 word aqua, fought fome part of revenge 
 againft us. Our general, norwithftanding 
 he might have revenged this wrong with 
 little hazard or danger ; yet more defirous 
 to prefer ve one of his own men alive, than 
 to deftroy 100 of his enemies, committed 
 the fame to God ; wilhing this only punifh- 
 ment to them, that they did but know 
 whom they had wronged ; and that they 
 
 the watering place aflign'd the night before; had done this injury not to an enemy, but 
 who having peaceably pafs'd on one half 
 of the way, were then with no fmall vio 
 lence fet upon by thofe traiterous people, 
 and fuddenly flain : and to the end that our 
 general, with the reft of his company, 
 mould not only be flayed from refcuing 
 them, but alfo might fall (if it were poi- 
 fible) into their hands in like manner, they 
 had laid clofely behind the rocks an am- 
 bufhment of (as we guefled) about 500 
 men, armed and well appointed for fuch a 
 mifchief; who fuddenly attempting their 
 purpofe (the rocks being very dangerous 
 for the boat, and the fea-gate exceeding 
 great) by fhooting their arrows, hurt and 
 wounded every one of our men, before 
 they could free themfelves, or come to the 
 ufe of their weapons to do any good. The 
 general himfelf was fhot in the face under 
 his right eye, and clofe by his nofe, the 
 arrow piercing a marvellous way in, under 
 bafts cerebrl, with no fmall danger of his 
 life : befides that, he was grievoufly wound 
 ed in the head. The reft, being nine per- 
 Vot. II. 
 
 to a friend ; not to a Spaniard, but to an 
 Englijhman, who would rather have been 
 a patron to defend them, than any way an 
 inftrument of the leaft wrong that mould 
 have been done unto them. The weapons 
 which this people ufe in their wars, are 
 arrows of reeds, with heads of ftone, ve 
 ry brittle and indented, but darts of a 
 great length, headed with iron or bone. 
 
 The fame day that we received this 
 dangerous affront, in the afternoon we fet 
 fail from thence ; and becaufe we were 
 now nigh the appointed height, wherein 
 our fhips were to be looked for, as alfo 
 the extremity and crazy ftate of our hurt 
 men advifmg us to ufe expedition, to find 
 fome convenient place of repofe, which 
 might afford them fome reft, and yield us 
 neceflary fupply of frefh victuals for their 
 diet ; we bent our courfe, as the wind 
 would fuffer us, directly to run in with 
 the main * ; where falling with a bay, 
 called Philip's Bay, in 32 degr. or there 
 abouts, Nov. 30. we came to anchor, and 
 5 Z forthwith 
 
 * Viz, ThecoaftofCWit 
 
The World Encompajjed 
 
 forthwith manned and fent out our boat to 
 difcover what likelihood the place would 
 offer to afford us fuch things as we ftood 
 in need of. 
 
 Our boat doing her utmoft endeavour in 
 a diligent fearch, yet after long travel 
 could find no appearance of hope for re 
 lief, either of frefh victuals, or of frefh 
 water : huge herds of wild buffs they might 
 difeern, but not fo much as any fign of 
 any inhabitant thereabout. Yet in their 
 return to us they defcried within the bay, 
 an Indian with his canoe as he was a fifh- 
 ing , him they brought aboard our gene 
 ral, canoe and all, as he was in it. A 
 comely perfonage, and of a goodly fta- 
 ture : his apparel was a white garment, 
 reaching fcarcely to his knees , his arms 
 and legs were naked ; his hair upon his 
 head very long, without a beard, as all 
 the Indians for the moft part are. He 
 feemed very gentle, of a mild and humble 
 nature, being very tractable to learn the 
 ufe of every thing, and moft grateful for 
 fuch things as our general beftowed upon 
 him. In him we might fee a moft lively 
 pattern of the harmleis difpofition of that 
 people ; and how grievous a thing it is 
 that they fhould by any means be fo abu- 
 fed, as all thofe are whom the Spaniards 
 have any command or power over. 
 
 This man being courteoufly entertained, 
 and his pains of coming double requited ; 
 after we had fhewed him, partly by figns, 
 and partly by fuch things as we had, 
 what things we needed, and would gladly 
 receive by his means, upon exchange of 
 fuch things as he would defire, we fent 
 him away with our boat and his own ca 
 noe (which was made of reed-ftraw) to 
 land him < where he would. Who being 
 landed, and willing our men to (lay his 
 return, was immediately met by two or 
 three of his friends ; to whom imparting 
 his news, and mewing what gifts he had 
 received, he gave fo great content, that 
 they willingly furthered his purpofe ; fo 
 that after certain hours of our mens abode 
 there, he with divers others (among whom 
 was their head or captain) made their re 
 turn, bringing with them their loadings of 
 fuch things as they thought would do us 
 good ; as fome hens, eggs, a fat hog, and 
 fuch like. All which (that our men might 
 be without all fufpicion of all evil to be 
 meant and intended by them) they fent in 
 one of their canoes, a reafonable diftance 
 from off the fhore, to our boat, the fea- 
 gate being at the prefent very great, and 
 their captain * having fent back his horfe, 
 
 would needs commit himfelf to the credk 
 of our men, though ftrangers, and come 
 with them to our general, without any of 
 his own acquaintance or countrymen with 
 him. 
 
 By his coming, as we underftood, there 
 was no mean or way to have our neceflities 
 relieved in this place ; fo he offered him 
 felf to be our pilot to a place -f, and that 
 a good harbour, not far back to the fouth- 
 ward again, where, by way of traffick, 
 we might have at pleafure both water, and 
 thofe other things which we ftood in need 
 of. This offer our general very gladly 
 received ; and fo much the rather, for that 
 the place intended was near about the place 
 appointed for the rendezvous of our fleet. 
 Omitting therefore our purpofe of purfu- 
 ing the buffs formerly fpoken of, of which 
 we had otherwife determined, if poffible, 
 to have killed fome ; this good news of 
 better provifion, and more eafy to come 
 by, drew us away : and fo the fth day af 
 ter our arrival, viz. Decemb. 4. we de 
 parted hence ; and the next day, Decem. 5. 
 by the willing conduct of our new Indian 
 pilot, we came to an anchor in the defired 
 harbour. 
 
 This harbour the Sf awards call Valferi- 
 zo, and the town adjoining, St. James of 
 Chili : it ftands in 35 degr. 40 min. where 
 albeit we neither met with our fhips, nor 
 heard of them, yet there >was no good 
 thing which the place afforded, or which 
 our neceflities indeed for the prelent requi 
 red, but we had the fame in great abun 
 dance. Amongft other things, we found 
 in the town divers ftorehoufes of the wines 
 of Chili ; and in the harbour, a fhip \\ call 
 ed the Captain of Moriall, or the Grand 
 Captain of the South, Admiral to the iflands 
 of Salamon, loaden for the mort part with 
 the fame kind of liquors -, only there was 
 befides, a certain quantity of fine gold of 
 Ealdmia^ and a great crofs of gold befet 
 with emeralds, on which was nailed a god 
 of the fame metal t. We fpent fome 
 time in refrefhing ourfelves, and eafing 
 tins (hip of fo heavy a burthen : and on 
 the 8th clay of the fame month (having in 
 the mean time fufftcientiy ftored ourfelves 
 with neceffaries, as wine, bread, bacon, 
 &c. for a long feafon) we fet fail, return 
 ing back towards the line ; carrying again 
 our Indian pilot with us, whom our ge 
 neral bountifully rewarded, and enriched 
 with many good things ; which pleafed 
 him exceedingly, and caufed him, by the 
 way, to be landed in the place where he 
 defired. 
 
 Our* 
 
 * Viz. The Fifherman who had brought 'em to the flionr. f Wilt Paraifi, or Valparifo. 
 
 || Obferve this was an accidental thing, and not expefted by information of the pilot, as Lidiard re- 
 prefents this tranfaftion. It. p. 175. 
 
 J The admiral gave the fpoil of the chapel of this place to his chaplain Mr. Flticber, the author of this 
 relation. Id. ib. 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 49? 
 
 Our necefiities being thus to our content 
 relieved, our next care was the regaining 
 (if poffible) of the company of our fhips, 
 fo long fevered from us ; neither would 
 any thing have fatisfied our general, or us 
 fo well, as the happy meeting, or good 
 news of them : this way therefore (all other 
 thoughts for the prefent fet apart) were all 
 our ftudies and endeavours bent, how to fit 
 it fo, as that no opportunity of meeting 
 them might be pafled over. 
 
 To this end, confidering that we could 
 not conveniently run in with our fhip (in 
 fearch of them) to every place where was 
 likelihood of being in harbour, and that 
 our boat was too little, and unable to carry 
 men enough to encounter the malice or trea 
 chery of the Spaniards (if we fhould by 
 any chance meet with any of them) who 
 are ufed to fhew no mercy where they 
 may overmafter } and therefore meaning 
 not to hazard ourfelves to their cruel cour- 
 tefy, we determined, as we coafted now 
 towards the line, to fearch diligently for 
 fome convenient place, where we might in 
 peace and fafety ftay the trimming of our 
 Ihip, and the creeling of a pinnace, in 
 which we might have better fecurity than 
 in our boat, and without endangering of 
 our fhip, by running into each creek, leave 
 no place untried, if happily we might fo 
 find again our friends and countrymen. 
 
 For thiscaufe, December 19, we entred 
 a bay, not far to the fouthward of the 
 town of Cyppo, now inhabited by the Spa 
 niards, in 29 degr. 30 min. where having 
 landed certain of our men, to the num 
 ber of 14, to fearch what conveniency the 
 place was likely to afford for our abiding 
 there ; we were immediately defcried by 
 the Spaniards of the town of Cyppo afore- 
 faid, who fpeedily made out 300 men, at 
 at leaft whereof i oo were Spaniards, every 
 one well mounted upon his horfe ; the reft 
 were Indians, running, as dogs, at their 
 heels, all naked, and in moft miferable 
 bondage. 
 
 They could not come any way fo clofely, 
 but God did open our eyes to fee them 
 before there was any extremity of danger, 
 whereby our men being warned, had rca- 
 fonable time to fhift themfelves as they 
 could ; firft from the main to a rock with 
 in the fea, and from thence into their boat , 
 which, being ready to receive them, con 
 veyed them, with expedition, out of the 
 reach of the Spaniards fury, without the 
 hurt of any man ; only one Richard Mi- 
 nivy, being over-bold and carelefs of his 
 own fafety, would not be intreated by his 
 friends, nor feared by the multitude of his 
 enemies to take the prefent benefit of his 
 own delivery ; but chofe either to make 
 300 men, by outbraving them, to become 
 
 afraid, or elfe himfelf to die in the place ; 
 the latter of which indeed he did, whofe 
 dead body being drawn by the Indians, 
 from the rock to the more, was there, 
 manfully, by the Spaniards beheaded, the 
 right hand cut off, the heart pluck'd out ; 
 all which they carried away in our fight ; 
 and for the reft of his carcafe, they caufed 
 the Indians to moot it full of arrows, made 
 but the fame day, of green wood, and fo 
 left it ' to be devoured of the beafts and 
 fowls, but that we went afliore again and 
 buried it : wherein as there appeareth a 
 moft extreme and barbarous cruelty, fo 
 doth it declare to the world, in what mi- 
 ferable fear the Spaniard holdeth the go 
 vernment of thofe parts, living in continual 
 dread of the foreign invafion by ftrangers, 
 or fecret cutting of throats by thofe whom 
 they kept under them in fo fhameful fla- 
 very, I mean the innocent and harmlefs 
 Indians : and therefore they make fure to 
 murther what ftrangers foever they can 
 come by, and fufier the Indians by no 
 means to have any weapon longer than 
 they be in prefent fervice, as appeared by 
 their arrows cut from the tree the fame 
 day, as alfo by the credible report of others 
 who knew the matter to be true. Yea 
 they fuppofe they fhew the wretches great 
 favour, when they do not, for their plea- 
 fures, whip them with cords, and day by 
 day drop their .naked bodies with burning 
 bacon, which is one of the leaft cruelties, 
 amongft many, which they ufually ufe a- 
 gainft that nation and people. 
 
 This being not the place we looked for, 
 nor the entertainment fuch as we defired, 
 we fpeedily got hence again ; and Decem 
 ber 20, the next day, fell with a more con 
 venient harbour, in a bay fomewhat to the 
 northward of the forenamed Cyppo, lying 
 in 27 degr. 55 min. fouth the line. 
 
 In this place we fpent fome time in trim 
 ming of our fhips, and building of our 
 pinnace, as we defired ; but ftill the grief 
 for the abfence of our friends remained with 
 us, for the finding of whom our general 
 having now fitted all things to his mind, 
 intended (leaving his Ihip the mean while 
 at anchor in the bay) with his pinnace, and 
 fome chofen men, himfelf to return back 
 to the fouth wards again, to fee if happily 
 he might either himfelf meet with them, 
 or find them in fome harbour or creek, or 
 hear of them by any others whom he might 
 meet with ; with this refolution he fet on, 
 but after one days failing, the wind being 
 contrary to his purpofe, he was forced, 
 whether he would or no, to return again. 
 
 "Within this bay, during our abode there, 
 we had fuch abundance of filh, not much 
 unlike our gurnard in England, as no 
 place had ever afforded us the like (cape 
 
 Blank 
 
The World Encompaffed 
 
 Blank only upon the coaft of Barbary ex- 
 cepted) fmce our firft fetting forth from 
 Plimoutb until this time ; the plenty where 
 of in this place was fuch, that our gentle 
 men fporting themfelves day by day, with 
 fout or five hooks and lines, in two or 
 three hours would take ibmetimes 400, 
 and fometimes more at one time. 
 
 All our bufinefles being thus difpatched, 
 Jan. 19. we fet fail from hence; and the 
 next place that we fell in withal, Jan. 22. 
 was an ifland (landing in the fame height 
 with the north cape of the province of 
 Mormorena. At this ifland we found four 
 Indians with their canoes, which took up 
 on them to bring our men to a place of 
 frefh water on the aforefaid cape ; in hope 
 whereof our general made them great chear 
 (as his manner was to all flrangers) and fet 
 his courfe by their direction -, but when we 
 came unto the place, and had travelled up 
 a long way into the land, we found frefh 
 water indeed, but fcarce fo much as they 
 had drank wine in their pafiage thither. 
 
 As we failed along, continually fearch- 
 ing for frefh water, we came to a place 
 called farapaxa, and landing there we 
 lighted on a Spaniard who lay afleep, and 
 had lying by him 13 bars of filver, weigh 
 ing in all about 4000 * Spanijh ducats. 
 We would not (could we have chofen) 
 have awaked him of his nap , but feeing 
 we, againft our will, did him that injury, 
 we freed him of his charge, which other- 
 wife perhaps would have kept him waking, 
 and fo left him to take out (if it pleafed 
 him) the other part of his fieep in more 
 fecurity. 
 
 Our fearch for water ftill continuing, as 
 we landed again not far from thence, we 
 met a Spaniard^ with an Indian boy, dri 
 ving eight lambs, or Peruvian fheep. Each 
 Iheep bare two leathern bags, and in each 
 bag was fifty pound weight of refined fi!- 
 ver, in the whole 800 weight. We could 
 not endure to fee a gentleman Spaniard 
 turned carrier ; and therefore without in- 
 treaty, we offered our fervice, and became 
 drovers : only his directions was not fo 
 perfeft, that we could keep the way which 
 he intended ; for almoft as foon as he was 
 parted from us, we with our new kind of 
 carriages, were come unto our boats. 
 
 Farther beyond this cape before- menti 
 oned, lies certain Indian towns, from 
 whence as we pafled by, came many of the 
 people in certain bawfes made of feals 
 fkins ; of which two being joined together 
 of a juft length, and fide by fide, refemble 
 in fafhion or form a boat. They have 
 in either of them a fmall gut, or fome fuch 
 thing blown full of wind , by reafon 
 
 whereof it floateth, and is rowed very 
 fwittly, carrying in it no fmall burthen. 
 In thefe upon fight of our {hip, they 
 brought ftore of fifh of divers forts to traf- 
 fick with us, for any trifles we would give 
 them, as knives, margarites, glafles, and 
 fuch like -, whereof, men of 60 and 70 
 years old, were as glad as if they had re 
 ceived fome exceeding rich commodity, 
 being a moft fimple and plain-dealing peo 
 ple. Their refort unto us was fuch, as 
 confidering the fliortnefs of the time, was 
 wonderful to us to behold. 
 
 Not far from this, viz. in 22 degr. 30 
 min. lay Mormorer.a, another great town 
 of the fame people, over whom two Spa 
 niards held the government 5 with thefc 
 our general thought to meet to deal, or at 
 leatt to try their courtefy, whether they 
 would, in way of traffick, give us fuch, 
 things as we needed or no. And therefore, 
 January 26th, we caft anchor here ; we 
 found them (more for fear than for love) 
 fomewhat tractable, and received of them 
 by exchange many good things, very necef- 
 fary for our ufes. 
 
 Amongft other things which we had of 
 them, the fheep of the country (viz. fuch 
 as we mentioned before, bearing the lea 
 thern bags,) were moft memorable. Their 
 height and length was equal to a pretty 
 cow, and their flrength fully anfwerable, 
 if not by much exceeding their fize or fta- 
 ture. Upon one of their backs did fit at 
 one time three well grown and tall men, 
 and one boy, no man's foot touching the 
 ground by a large foot in length, the beafl 
 nothing at all complaining of his burthen 
 in the mean time. Thefe fheep have necks 
 like camels , their heads bearing a reafon- 
 able refemblance of another fheep. The 
 Spaniards ufe them to great profit. Their 
 wool is exceeding fine, their flefh good 
 meat, their increafe ordinary, and befides, 
 they fupply the room of horfes for burthen 
 or travel ; yea, they fcrve to carry over 
 the mountains, marvellous loads for 300 
 leagues together, where no carriage can be 
 made but by them only. Hereabout, as 
 alfo all along, and up into the country 
 throughout the province of Cujko, the 
 common ground wherelbever it be taken 
 up, in every hundred pound weight of 
 earth, yieldeth 25 millings of pure lilver, 
 after the rate of a crown an ounce. 
 
 The next place likely to afford us any 
 news of our mips, (for in all this way from 
 the height where we builded our pinnace, 
 there was no bay or harbour at all for 
 fhipping) was the port of the town of A- 
 rica, ftanding in 20 degr. whither we 
 arrived the /th of February. This town 
 
 feemed 
 
 Mr. Ltdiard fays 400,000, ibid. 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE; 
 
 feemed to us to fland in the moft fruitful 
 foil that we faw all along thefe coafts ; 
 both for that it is fituate in the mouth of 
 a moft pleafant and fertile valley, abound 
 ing with all good things ; as alfo in that 
 it hath continual trade of (hipping, as well 
 from Lima, as from all other parts of 
 Peru. It is inhabited by the Spaniards. In 
 two barks here we found fome forty and 
 odd bars of filver (of the bignefs and fa- 
 fhion of a brickbat, and in weight each of 
 them about 20 pounds) of which we took 
 the burthen on ourfelves to eafe them, 
 and fb departed towards Cbowley ; with 
 which we fell the fecond day, viz. Feb. 9. 
 and in our way to Lima we met with an 
 other bark, Ariquipa, which had begun to 
 load fome filver and gold ; but having 
 had (as it feemed from Anca by land) fome 
 notice of our coming, had unloaden the 
 fame again before our arrival. Yet in 
 this our pafiage we met another bark 
 loaden with linnen, fome of which we 
 thought might (land us in fome ftead, and 
 therefore took it with us. 
 
 At Lima we arrived, Feb. I5th, and 
 notwithftanding the Spaniards forces, tho' 
 they had 30 * at that prefent in harbour 
 there, whereof 1 7 (moft of them the chief 
 Ihips in all the Soutb-fea) were fully ready, 
 went, entered and anchored all night in 
 the midft of them, in the Calao, and might 
 have made more fpoil amongft them in 
 few hours, if we had been affected to re 
 venge, than the Spaniards could have re 
 covered again in many years. But we 
 had more care to get up to that company 
 which we had fo long mifs'd, than to re- 
 compence their cruel and hard dealing by 
 an evil requital, which now we might have 
 took. This Lima ftands in 12 degr. 30 
 min. fouth latitude. 
 
 Here, albeit no good news of our fhips 
 could be had, yet got we the news of fome 
 things that feemed to comfort us, if not 
 to countervail our travels thither ; as name 
 ly, that in the fhip of one Mighell Angel 
 there, there were 1 500 bars of plate, be- 
 fides fome other things (as filks, linnen, 
 and in one a cheft full of ryals of plate) 
 which might ftand us in fome ftead in the 
 other mips ; aboard whom we made fome- 
 what bold to bid ourfelves welcome. Here 
 alfo we heard the report of fome things 
 that had befallen in and near Europe, flnce 
 our departure thence ; in particular of the 
 death of fome great perfonages ; as the 
 king of Portugal, and both the kings of 
 Morocco and FeJJe, dead all three in one 
 day at one battle. The death of the king 
 of France, and the Pope of Rome, whole 
 abominations, as they are in part cut off 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 from fome Chriftian kingdoms, where his 
 mame is manifcft, fo do his vaffals and 
 accurfed inftruments labour by all means 
 pofllble to repair that lofs, by fpreading 
 the fame the further in thefe parts, where 
 his devilifh illuflons, and damnable decei- 
 vings are not known. And as his do 
 ctrine takes place any where, fo doth the 
 manners that neceflarily accompany the 
 fame, infmuate themfelves together with 
 the doctrine. For as it's true that in all 
 the parts of America, where the Spaniards 
 have any government, the poifonous in 
 fection of Popery hath fpread itfelf -, fo on 
 the other fide it is as true, that there is no 
 city, as Lima, Panama, Mexico, &c. nd 
 town or village, yea, no houfe almoft in 
 all thefe provinces, wherein (amongft o- 
 ther the like Spanijh virtues) not only 
 whoredom, but the nlthinefs of Sodom, not 
 to be named amongft Chriftians, is not 
 common without reproof : The Pope's 
 pardons being more rife in thefe pafts than 
 they be in any part of Europe, for thefe 
 filthineffes, whereout he fucketh no fmali 
 advantage. Notwithftanding, the Indians, 
 who are nothing nearer the true knowledge 
 of God than they were before, abhor this 
 moft filthy and loathfome manner of li 
 ving ; mewing themfelves in refpect of 
 the Spaniards, as the Scythians did in re 
 fpect of the Grecians, who in their barba 
 rous ignorance, yet in life and behaviour 
 did fo far excel the wife and learned Greeks, 
 as they were fhort of them in the gifts of 
 learning and knowledge. 
 
 But as the Pope and Antichriftian Bi- 
 fhops labour by their wicked factors with 
 tooth and nail to deface the glory of God, 
 and to (hut up in darknefs the light of the 
 gofpel ; fo God doth not fuffer his name 
 and religion to be altogether without wit- 
 nefs, to the reproving both of his falfe 
 and damnable doctrines ;' as alfo crying out 
 againft his unmeafurable and abominable 
 licentioufnefs of the flefh, even in thefe 
 parts. For in this city of Lima, not two 
 months before our coming thither, there 
 were certain perfons to the number of 
 twelve apprehended, examined and con 
 demned for the profefllon of the gofpel, 
 and reproving the doctrines of men, with 
 the filthy manners ufed in that city ; of 
 which twelve, fix were bound to one flake 
 and burnt ; the reft remained yet in prifon, 
 to drink of the fame cup within a few 
 days. Laftly, here we had intelligence of 
 a certain rich fhip, which was loaden with 
 gold and filver for Panama, that had fet 
 forth of this haven the 2d of February, 
 
 The very next day, therefore, in the 
 
 morning (viz. the i6th of the faid month) 
 
 6 A we 
 
 * Ltdiard fays but 12, ibid. pag. 
 
4? 8 
 
 The World EncompaJJed 
 
 'we fet fail, as long as the wind would 
 ferve our turn, and towed our Ihip as foon 
 as the wind failed, continuing our courfe 
 toward Panama, making flay no where, 
 but haftening all we might to get fight if 
 it were poflible, of that gallant fhip the 
 Caeafnego, the great glory of the South- fea ; 
 which was gone from Lima, fourteen days 
 before us. 
 
 We fell with the port of Paita in 4 deg. 
 40 min.' Feb. 2Oth, with port St. Hellen, 
 and the river and part of Uuiaquil, Febru 
 ary 24th, we paft the line the 28th, and 
 firft of March we fell with cape Francifco, 
 where, about mid-day we defcried a fail 
 a-head of us, with whom after once we 
 had fpoken * with her, we lay ftill in the 
 fame place about fix days, to recover our 
 breath again, which we had almoft fpent 
 with hafty following -f , and to recall to 
 mind what advantages had paft us fince 
 our late coming from Lima ; but efpeci- 
 ally to do John de Anton a kindnefs, in 
 freeing him jof the care of thole things 
 with which his fhip was loaden. 
 
 This fhip we found to be the fame of 
 which we had heard, not only in the Ca- 
 lao of Lima, but alfo by divers occafions 
 afterward (which now we are at leifure to 
 relate, viz.) by a fhip which we took be 
 tween Lima and Paita. By another which 
 we took loaden with wine in the port of 
 Paita. By a third loaden with tackling, 
 and implements for fhips (befides 80 pound 
 weight of gold) from Guiaquil. And laft- 
 ly, by Gabriel Alvarez, with whom we 
 talked fomewhat nearer the line , we found 
 her to be indeed the Cacafuego .'., though 
 before we left her, fhe were new named 
 by a boy of her own, the Cacaplata \\. We 
 found in her fome fruit, conferves, fugars, 
 meal, and other victuals, and (that which 
 was the efpecialleft caufe of her heavy 
 and flow failing) a certain quantity of jew 
 els, and precious ftones, 13 chefts of ryals 
 of plate , So pound weight in gold ; 26 
 tons of uncoined filver -, two very fair 
 gilt filver drinking bowls, and the like 
 trifles, valued at about 360000 pezoes, 
 We gave the mafter a little linnen and the 
 like for thefe commodities ; and at the 
 end of fix days we bad farewell and parted. 
 He hafting fomewhat lighter than before 
 to Panama ; we plying off to fea, that we 
 might with more Jeifure confider what 
 courfe henceforward were fitteft to be 
 taken. 
 
 And confidering that now we were come 
 to the northward of the line, (Cape Fran- 
 cifeo ftanding in the entrance of the bay of 
 
 Panama, in i degr. of north latitude) 
 and that there was no likelihood or hope 
 that our fhips fhould be before us that 
 way by any means ; feeing that in running 
 fo many degr. from the fouthermoft iflands 
 hitherto, we could not have any fign or 
 notice of their pafiage that way, notwith- 
 ftanding that we had made fo diligent 
 fearch, and careful enquiry after them, in 
 every harbour or creek almoft as we had 
 done , and confidering alfo that the time 
 of the year now drew on, wherein we muft 
 attempt, or of neceffity wholly give off that 
 action which chiefly our general had de 
 termined : Namely, the difcovery of what 
 paflage there was to be found about the 
 northern parts of America, from the Sotith- 
 fea, into our own ocean (which being once 
 difcovered and made known to be naviga 
 ble, we fhould not only do our country 
 good and notable fervice, but we alfo 
 ourfelves fhould have a nearer cut and 
 paflage home, where otherwife we were 
 to make a very long and tedious voyage 
 of it, which would hardly agree with our 
 good liking, we having been fo long from 
 home already, and fo much of our ftrength 
 feparated from us) which could not at all be 
 done, if the opportunity of time were now- 
 neglected. We therefore all of us willing 
 ly hearkned, and confented to our gene 
 ral's advice ; which was, firft to feek out 
 fome convenient place, wherein to trim 
 our fhip, and flore ourfelves with wood 
 and water, and other provifions as we 
 could get ; and thenceforward to haften on 
 our intended journey, for the difcovery of 
 the faid paflage, through which we might 
 with joy return to our longed homes. 
 
 From this cape, before we fet onward, 
 March 7th, fhaping our courfe towards 
 the ifland of Caines, with which we fell, 
 March i6th, fettling ourfelves for certain 
 days, in a frefh river, between the main 
 and it, for the finilhing of our needful bu- 
 finefs as is aforefaid. While we abode in 
 this place, we felt a very terrible earth 
 quake, the force whereof was fuch, thar 
 our fhip and pinnace, riding very near an 
 Englijh mile from the fhpre, were fhaken, 
 and did quiver as if it had been laid on 
 dry land. We found here many good 
 commodities which we wanted, as fifh, frefh 
 water, wood, &c. befides alagators, mon 
 keys and the like ; and in our journey 
 hither, we met with one fhip more (the 
 laft we met with in all thofe coafls) loaded 
 with linnen, Cbhia-filk, and China-ditties ; 
 amongft which we found alfo a faulcon of 
 gold, lundlbmely wrought with a great 
 emerald fet in the breaft of it. From 
 
 * By firing upon her, and obliging her to ftrike. 
 
 J- The admiral had promifed his gold chain to the perfon that fhould firft -get fight of htr, which 
 was done by John Drake. 
 .-. Sbitjire. || i, c. The Sbitplate, 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 From whence we parted the 24th day 
 of the month forenamed, with full purpofe 
 to run the neareft courfe as the wind would 
 fuffer us, without touch of land a long 
 time, and therefore pafTed by port Papa- 
 gia. ; the port of the vale of the moft rich 
 and moft excellent balms of Jericho, Quan- 
 iapico, and divers others ; as alfo certain 
 gulphs hereabouts, which, without inter- 
 miffion, fend forth fuch continual and vio 
 lent winds, that the Spaniards, tho' their 
 fhips be good, dare not venture themfelves 
 too near the danger of them. 
 
 Notwithftanding, having notice that we 
 fiiould be troubled with often calms and 
 contrary winds, if we continued near the 
 coaft, and did not run off to fea to fetch 
 the wind, and that if we did fo, we could 
 not then fall with land again when we 
 would ; our general thought it needful 
 that we fhould run in with fome place or 
 other before our departure from the coaft, 
 to fee if happily we could, by traffick, aug 
 ment our provifion of victuals and other 
 necefiaries, that being at fea, we might 
 not be driven to any great want or neceffity, 
 albeit we had reafonable ftoreof good things 
 aboard us already. 
 
 The next harbour therefore which we 
 chanced with, on April 15. in 15 degr. 
 40 min. was Guatulco, or Aquatulco, fo 
 named of the Spaniards who inhabited it, 
 widi whom we had fome intercourfe, to 
 the fupply of many things which we defi- 
 red, and chiefly bread, &c. And now 
 having reafonably, as we thought, provi 
 ded ourfelves, we departed from the coaft 
 of America for the prefent , but not forget 
 ting, before we got a ihipboard, to take 
 with us alfo a certain pot (of about a bufhel 
 in bignefs) full of rials of plate, which we 
 found in the town ; together with a chain 
 of gold, and fome other jewels, which we 
 intreated a gentleman Spaniard to leave 
 behind him, as he was flying out of 
 towri.* 
 
 From Guatulco we departed the day fol 
 lowing, viz. April 16. fetting our courfe 
 directly into the fea ; whereupon we failed 
 500 leagues in longitude to get a wind ; 
 and between that and June 3. 1400 leagues 
 in all, till we came into 42 degr. of north 
 latitude, where, in the night following, 
 we found fuch an alteration of heat, into 
 extreme and nipping cold, that our men in 
 general did grievoufly complain thereof, 
 fome of them feeling their healths much 
 impaired thereby ; neither was it, that this 
 chanced in the night alone, but the day fol 
 lowing carried with it not only the marks 
 but the flings and force of the night going 
 before, to the great admiration of us all ; 
 
 * Here the admiral difmKTed his Partugutze pilot, 
 
 for befides that the pinching and biting 
 air was nothing altered, the very ropes of 
 our fhip were ftiff, and the rain which fell 
 was an unnatural and frozen fubftance, fo 
 that we feemed rather to be in the frozen 
 zone than any way fo near unto the fun 
 or thefe hotter climates. 
 
 Neither did this happen for the time 
 only, or by fome fudden accident, but ra 
 ther feems indeed to proceed from fome 
 ordinary caufe, againft the which the heat 
 of the fun prevails not ; for it came to that 
 extremity, in failing but 2 degr. farther to 
 the northward, in our courfe, that though 
 feamen lack not good ftomachs, yet it 
 feemed a queftion to many amongft us, 
 whether their hands fhould feed their 
 mouths, or rather keep themfelves within 
 their coverts from the pinching cold that 
 did benumb them : neither could we im 
 pute it to the tendernefs of our bodies, tho' 
 we came lately from the extremity of heat, 
 by reafon whereof we might be more fen- 
 fible of the prefent cold, infomuch as the 
 dead and fenfelefs creatures were as well af- 
 fefted with it as ourfelves, our meat, as 
 foon as it was removed from the fire, 
 would prefently, in a manner, be frozen 
 up , and our ropes and tackling, in few 
 days, were grown to that ftiffnefs, that 
 what three men before were able with them 
 to perform, now fix men with their beft 
 ftrength, and uttermoft endeavour, were 
 hardly able to accomplifh ; whereby a fud 
 den and great difcouragement feized upon 
 the minds of our men, and they were pof- 
 fefled with a great miflike and doubting of 
 any good to be done that way ; yet would 
 not our general be clifcouraged, but as well 
 by comfortable fpeeches of the divine Pro 
 vidence, and of God's loving care over 
 his children out of the Scriptures ; as alfo 
 by other good and profitable perfuafions, 
 adding thereto his own chearful example, 
 he fo ftirred them up to put on a good 
 courage, and to quit themfelves like men, 
 to endure fome fhort extremity to have the 
 fpeedier comfort, and a little trouble to 
 obtain the greater glory ; that every man 
 was as thoroughly armed with willingnefs, 
 and refolved to fee the uttermort, if it were 
 poflible, of what good was to be done that 
 way. 
 
 The land, in that part of America, bear 
 ing farther out into the weft than we before 
 imagined, we were nearer on it than 
 we were aware ; and yet the nearer ftill 
 we came unto it, the more extremity of 
 cold did feize upon us. The 5th day of 
 June we were forced by contrary winds to 
 run in with the more, which we then firft 
 defcry'd ; and to caft anchor in a bad bay, 
 
 the 
 taken at CapeVerd iflands. 
 
The World Encbmpaffed 
 
 v/ 
 
 the beft road we could for the prefent meet 
 with; where we were not without fome 
 danger, by reafon of the many extreme 
 gufts and flaws that beat upon us ; which 
 if they ceafed, and were ftill at any time, 
 immediately upon their intermiffion, there 
 followed mod vile, thick, and {linking 
 fogs -, againft which the lea prevailed no 
 thing, till the guft of wind again removed 
 them, which brought with them fuch 
 extremity and violence, when they came, 
 that there was no dealing or refifting againft 
 therm 
 
 In this place was no abiding for us ; 
 and to go further north, the extremity of 
 the cold (which had now utterly difcou- 
 raged our men) would not permit us : and 
 the winds directly bent againft us, having 
 once gotten us under fail again, command 
 ed us to the fouthward whether we would 
 or no. 
 
 From the height of 48 degr. in which 
 now we were, to 38. we found the land, 
 by coafting along it, to be but low and rea- 
 fonable plain ; every hill (whereof we faw 
 many, but none very high) though it were 
 in June, and the fun in his neareft ap 
 proach unto them, being covered with 
 fnow. 
 
 In 38 degr. 30 min. we fell with a con 
 venient and fit harbour, and June 17. 
 came to anchor therein -, where we continu 
 ed till the 23d day of July following. Du 
 ring all which time, notwithftanding it was 
 in the height of fummer, and fo near the fun, 
 yet were we continually vifited with like nip 
 ping colds as we had felt before ; info- 
 much that if violent exercifes of our bodies, 
 and bufy employment about our neceflary 
 labours had not fometimes compelled us to 
 the contrary, we could very well have been 
 contented to have kept about us ftill our 
 winter cloaths ; yea (had our necefllties 
 fullered us) to have kept our beds : nei 
 ther could we at any time, in whole four 
 teen days together, find the air fo clear 
 as to be able to take the height of fun or 
 ftar. 
 
 And here, having fo fit occafion, (not 
 withftanding it may feem to be befides the 
 purpofe of writing the hiftory of this our 
 voyage) we will a little more diligently en 
 quire into the caufes of the continuance of 
 ihe extreme cold in thefe parts ; as alfo into 
 the probabilities or unlikelihoods of a paf- 
 Jage to be found that way. Neither was it 
 (as -hath formerly been touched) the tender- 
 nefs of our bodies, coming fo lately out of 
 the heat, whereby the pores were opened, 
 that made us fo fenfible of the colds we 
 here felt -, in this refpect, as in many 
 others, we found our God a provident fa 
 ther and careful phyfician to us. We lack 
 ed no outward helps nor inward comforts 
 
 to reftore and fortify nature, had it been 
 decay'd or weaken'd in us -, neither was 
 there wanting to us the great experience of 
 our general, who had often himfelf proved 
 the force of the burning zone ; whofe ad 
 vice always prevailed much to the prefer- 
 ving of a moderate temper in our confti- 
 tutions : fo that even after our departure 
 from the heat, we always found our bodies 
 not as fponges, but ftrong and harden'd, 
 more able to bear out cold, though we 
 came out of cxcefs of heat, than a number of 
 chamber companions could have been, who 
 lie on their feather-beds till they go to fea, 
 or rather, whofe teeth, in a temperate air, 
 do beat in their heads at a cup of cold fack 
 and fugar by the fire. 
 
 And that it was not our tendernefs, but 
 the very extremity of rhe cold itfelf that 
 caufed this fenfiblenefs in us, may the ra 
 ther appear, in that the natural inhabitants 
 of the place (with whom we had for a long 
 feafon familiar intercourfe, as is to be re 
 lated) who had never been acquainted with 
 fuch heat ', to whom the country, air, and 
 climate was proper, and in whom cuftom 
 of cold was, as it were, a fecond nature, 
 yet ufed to come fhivering to us in their 
 warm furs, crowding clofe together, body 
 to body^ to receive -heat one of another, 
 and fheltering themfelves under a lee bank, 
 if it were poflible ; and, as often as they 
 could, labouring to fhroud themfelves un 
 der our garments alfo to keep them warm. 
 Befides, how'unhandlbme and deformed ap 
 peared the face of the earth itfelf! Ihewing 
 trees without leaves, and the ground with 
 out greennefs in thofe months of June and 
 July. The poor birds and fowls not da 
 ring (as we had great experience to obferve 
 it) not daring fo much as once to arife 
 from their nefts, after the firft egg layed, 
 till it, with all the reft, be hatched, and 
 brought to fome ftrength of nature, able 
 to help itfelf : only this recompence hath 
 nature afforded them, that the heat of their 
 own bodies being exceeding great, it per- 
 fecteth the creature with greater expedition, 
 and in fhorter time than is to be found in 
 many other places. As for the caufes of 
 this extremity they feem not to be fo deep 
 ly hidden, but that they may, at leaft in 
 part, be guefled at ; the chiefeft of which 
 we conceive to be the large fpreading of the 
 Afian and American continent , which 
 (fbmewhat northward of thefe parts) if 
 they be not fully joined, yet feem they to 
 come very near one to the other : from 
 whofe high and fnow-cover'd mountains, 
 the north and north-weft winds (the con- 
 ftant vifitants of thofe coafts) fend abroad 
 their frozen nymphs, to the infecting of 
 the whole air with this infufferable fharp- 
 nefs ; not permitting the fun, no not in the 
 
 pride 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 461 
 
 pride of his heat, to diflblve that congeal 
 ed matter and fnow, which they have 
 breathed out fo nigh the fun, and fo many 
 degrees diftant from themfelves. And that 
 the north and north -weft winds are here 
 conftant in June and July, as the north 
 wind alone is in Auguft and September, we 
 not only found it by our own experience, 
 but were fully confirmed in the opinion 
 thereof, by the continued obfervations of 
 the Spaniards. Hence comes the general 
 fqualidnefs and and barrennefs of the coun 
 try ; hence comes it, that in the midft of 
 their fummer, the fnow hardly departeth, 
 even from their very doors, but is never 
 taken away from their hills at all ; hence 
 come thofe thick mifts and moft ftinking 
 fogs, which increafe fo much the more, 
 by how much higher the pole is raifed, 
 wherein a blind pilot is as good as the bed 
 director of a courfe : for the fun ftriving to 
 perform his natural office, in elevating the 
 vapours out of thefe inferior bodies, draw- 
 eth neceflarily abundance of moifture out of 
 the fea, but the nipping cold ( from the 
 former caufes) meeting and oppofmg the 
 fun's endeavour, forces him to give over 
 his work imperfect ; and, inftead of higher 
 elevation, to leave in the loweft region, 
 wandring upon the face of the earth and 
 waters, as it were a fecond fea, through 
 which its own beams cannot poffibly pierce, 
 unlefs fometimes when the fudden violence 
 of the winds doth help to fcatter and break 
 through it ; which thing happeneth very 
 feldom, and when it happeneth, is of no 
 continuance. Some of our mariners, in 
 this voyage, had formerly been at Ward- 
 houfe, in 72 degr. of north latitude, who 
 yet affirmed, that they felt no fuch nip 
 ping cold there in the end of fummer, 
 when they departed thence, as they did 
 here in thofe hotted months of June and 
 July. And alfo from thefe reafons we con 
 jecture, that either there is no pafiage at 
 all through thefe northern coafts (which is 
 moft likely) or if there be, that yet it is 
 unnavigable. Add hereunto, that though 
 we fearched the coaft diligently, even unto 
 the 48 degr. yet found we not the land to 
 trend fo much as one point in any place to 
 wards the eaft, but rather running on con 
 tinually north-weft, as if it went directly 
 to meet with Afia: and even, in that 
 height when we had a frank wind to have 
 carried us thro', had there been a paffage, 
 yet we had a fmooth and calm fea, with 
 ordinary flowing and reflowing, which 
 could not have been had there been a 
 frete ; of which we rather infallibly con 
 cluded than conjectur'd, that there was 
 none. But to return : 
 
 The next day after our coming to anchor 
 in the aforefaid harbour, the people of the 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 country fhewed themfelves, fending off a 
 man with great expedition to us in a ca 
 noe , who being yet but a little from the 
 more, and a great way from our fhip, 
 fpake to us continually as he came rowing 
 on ; and at laft, at a reafonable diftance 
 flaying himfelf, he began more folemnly a 
 long and tedious oration, after his manner, 
 ufmg in the delivery thereof many geftures 
 and figns ; moving his hands, turning his 
 head and body many ways ; and after his 
 oration ended, with great mew of reverence 
 and fubmiffion, returned back to more a- 
 gain. He fhortly came again the fecond 
 time in like manner, and fo the third 
 time, when he brought with him (as a 
 prefent from the reft) a bunch of fea 
 thers, much like the feathers of a black 
 crow, very neatly and artificially gathered 
 upon a firing, and drawn together into a 
 round bundle, being very clean and finely 
 cut, and bearing in length an equal pro 
 portion one with another , a fpecial cog 
 nizance Cas we afterwards obferved) which 
 they that guard the king's perfon, wear on 
 their heads. With this alfo he brought a 
 little bafket made of rufhes, and filled with 
 an herb which they called Tabah ; both 
 which being tied to a fhort rod, he caft 
 into a boat. Our 'general intended to 
 have recompenfed him immediately with 
 many good things he would have beftowed 
 on him, but entering into the boat to de 
 liver the fame, he could not be drawn to 
 receive them by any means, fave one hat, 
 which being caft into the water out of the 
 fhip, he took it up (refufing utterly to 
 meddle with any other thing, though it 
 were upon a board put off unto him) and 
 fo prefently made his return. After which 
 time, our boat could row no way, but 
 wondring at us as at gods, they would fol 
 low the fame with admiration. 
 
 The 3d day following, viz. Jan. 21. 
 our fhip having received a leak at fea, was 
 brought to anchor near the fhore, that her 
 goods being landed fhe might be repaired ; 
 but for that we were to prevent any danger 
 that might chance againft our fafety, our 
 general firft of all landed his men, with all 
 necefiary provifion to build tents, and 
 make a fort for the defence of ourfelves 
 and goods : and that we might, under the 
 flicker of it, with more fafety (whatever 
 mould befall) end our bufmefs ; which 
 when the people of the country perceived 
 us doing, as men fet on fire to war in de 
 fence of their country, in great hafte and 
 companies, with fuch weapons as they had, 
 they came down unto us, yet with no ho- 
 ftile meaning or intent to hurt us ; ftand- 
 ing, when they drew near, as men ravifh- 
 ed in their minds with the fight of fuch 
 things as they never had feen or heard of 
 6 B before 
 
4 fo, 
 
 The World Encompajjed 
 
 before that time ; their errand being rather 
 with fubmiflion and fear to worfhip us as 
 gods, than to have any war with us as 
 with mortal men. Which thing, as it did 
 partly fhew itfelf at that inftant, fo did it 
 more and more manifeft itfelf afterwards, 
 during the whole time of our abode a- 
 mongft them. At this time, being willed 
 by figns to lay from them their bows and 
 arrows; they did as they were direfted, 
 and fo did all the reft, as they came more 
 and more by companies unto them, grow 
 ing, in a little while, to a great number 
 both of men and women. 
 
 To the intent therefore, that this peace 
 which they themfelves fo willingly fought, 
 might, without any caufe of the breach 
 thereof on our part given, be continu 
 ed, and that we might with more fafety 
 and expedition end our bufmefs in quiet ; 
 our general^ with all his company, ufed 
 all means pofiible, gently to intreat them, 
 beftowing upon each of them, liberally, 
 good and neceflary things to cover their na- 
 kednefs withal, fignifying unto them, we 
 -were no gods but men, and had need of 
 fuch things to cover our own fhame, teach 
 ing them to ufe them to the fame ends : 
 for which caufe alfo^we did eat and drink 
 in their prefence, giving them to under- 
 ftand, that without that we could not 
 live, and therefore were but men as well 
 as they. 
 
 Notwithftanding, nothing could perfuade 
 them , nor remove that opinion which 
 they had conceived of us, that we Ihould 
 be gods. 
 
 In recompence of thofe things which 
 they had received of us, as fhirts, linnen 
 cloth, fcfr. they beftowed upon our gene 
 ral, and divers of our company, divers 
 things, as feathers, cauls of network, the 
 quivers of their arrows made of Fawns- 
 fkins, and the very fkins of beafts that 
 their women wore upon their bodies. Ha 
 ving tUus had their fill of this times vifit' 
 ing and beholding us, they departed with 
 joy to their houfes ; which houfes are dig 
 ged round within the earth, and have, from 
 the uppermoft brims of the circle, clefts of 
 wood fet up, and joined clofe together at 
 the top, like our Jpires on the fteeple of a 
 church, which, being covered with earth, 
 fuffer no water to enter, and are very 
 warm -, the door, in the mod part of them, 
 performs the office alfo of a chimney to 
 let out the fmoke : it's made in bignefs 
 and fafhion like to an ordinary fcuttle in a 
 fhip, and ftanding flopewife : their beds 
 are the hard ground, only with rufhes 
 ftrew'd upon it, and lying round about 
 the houfe, have their fire in the midft, 
 which by reafon that the houfe is but 
 low vaulted, round and clofe, giveth a 
 
 marvellous reflection to their bodies to heat 
 the fame. 
 
 Their men for the mod part go naked, 
 the women take a kind of bulrulhes, and 
 combing it after the manner of hemp, 
 make themfelves thereof a loofe garment, 
 which being knit about their middles, 
 hangs down about their hips, and fo af 
 fords to them a covering of that which na 
 ture teaches mould be hidden ; about their 
 fhoulders they wear alfo the (kin of a deer, 
 with the hair upon it. They are very obe 
 dient to their hufbands, and exceeding 
 ready in all fervices, yet of themfelves 
 offering to do nothing, without the con- 
 fents, or being called of the men. 
 
 As foon as they were returned to their 
 houfes, they began, amongft themfelves, 
 a kind of moft lamentable weeping and 
 crying out, which they continued alfo a 
 'great while together, in fuch fort, that in 
 the place where they left us (being near a- 
 bout 3 quarters, or an Engli/h mile diftant 
 from them) we very plainly, with wonder 
 and admiration did hear the fame -, the wo 
 men efpecially, extending their voices in 
 a moft miferable and doleful manner of 
 fhreeking. 
 
 Notwithftanding this humble manner of 
 prefenting themfelves, and awful demea 
 nor ufed towards us, we thought it no wif- 
 dom too far to truft them (our experience 
 of former infidels dealing with us before, 
 made us careful to provide againft an alte 
 ration of their affections , or breach of 
 peace, if it mould happen) and therefore, 
 with all expedition, we fet up our tents, 
 and entrenched ourfelves with walls of 
 ftone ; that fo being fortified within our 
 felves, we might be able to keep off the 
 enemy (if they fhould fo prove) from 
 coming amongft us without our good 
 wills. This being quickly finiflied, we 
 went the more chearfully and fecurely af 
 terward about our other bufinefs. 
 
 Againft the end of two days, during 
 which time they had not again been with 
 us ; there was gathered together a great 
 affembly of men, women and children, 
 (invited by the report of them which firft 
 law us, who it feems, had in that time, 
 of purpofe difperfed themfelves into the 
 country to make known the news) who 
 came now the fecond time unto us, bring 
 ing with them as before had been done, 
 feathers, and bags of Tabah for prefents, 
 or rather indeed for facrifices, upon this 
 perfuafion that we were gods. 
 
 When they came to the top of the hill, 
 at the bottom whereof we had built our 
 fort, they made a ftand ; where one (ap 
 pointed as their chief fpeaker) wearied 
 both us his hearers, and himfeJf too, with 
 a long and tedious oration, delivered with 
 
 ftrange 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 ftrange and violent geftures, his voice be- reading of certain chapters in 
 
 ing extended to the uttermoft ftrength of they fate very attentively ; and 
 
 nature, and his words fell fo thick one in 
 
 the neck of another, that he could hardly 
 
 fetch his breath again. As foon as he had 
 
 concluded, all the reft, with a reverend 
 
 bowing of their bodies, ( in a dreaming 
 
 manner, and long producing of the fame ) 
 
 cried Oh ! thereby giving their confents, 
 
 that all was very true which he had fpo- 
 
 the bible, 
 obferving 
 
 the end of every paufe, with one voice 
 ftill cried Oh ! greatly rejoicing in our ex- 
 ercifes. Yea, they took fuch pleafure in. 
 our finging of pialms, that whenfoever 
 they reforted to us, their firft requeft was 
 commonly this, Gnaab, by which they in- 
 treated that we fhould fing. 
 
 Our general having now beftowed upon 
 
 ken, and that they had uttered their mind them divers things, at their departure they 
 
 by mouth unto us : Which donej the men 
 laying down their bows upon the hill, and 
 leaving their women and children behind 
 them, came down with their prefents ; in 
 fuch fort, as if they had appeared before 
 a God indeed ; thinking themfelves hap 
 py, that they might have accefs unto our 
 general ; but much more happy, when 
 they faw that he would receive at their 
 hands, thofe things which they fo willing 
 ly had prefented ; and no doubt, they 
 thought themfelves neareft unto God, when 
 they fate or flood next to him. In the 
 mean time the women, as if they had been 
 defperate, ufed unnatural violence againft 
 themfelves, crying and fhreeking piteoufly, 
 tearing their flefh. with their nails from 
 their cheeks, in a monftrous manner, the 
 blood ftreaming down along their breads ; 
 befides, fpoiling the upper parts of their 
 bodies of thofe fingle coverings they for 
 merly had, and holding their hands above 
 their heads, that they might not refcue 
 their breads from harm -, they would with 
 fury caft themfelves upon the ground, ne 
 ver refpecting whether it were clean or foft, 
 but dafhed themfelves in this manner on 
 hard ftones, knobby hillocks, flocks of 
 wood, pricking bulhes, pr whatever elfe 
 lay in their way, iterating the fame courfe 
 again and again. Yea, women big with 
 child, fome nine or ten times each, and 
 others holding out till fifteen or fixteen 
 times (till their ftrength failed them) ex- 
 ercifed this cruelty againft themfelves. A 
 thing more grievous for us to fee, or fuffer, 
 could we have holp it, than trouble to 
 them (as it feemed) to do it. 
 
 This bloody facrifice (againft our wills) 
 being thus performed, our general with 
 his company, in the prefence of thofe 
 ftrangers, fell to prayers ; and by figns in 
 lifting up our eyes and hands to heaven, 
 fignified unto them, that that God whom 
 we did ferve, and whom they ought to 
 
 reftored them again, none carrying with. 
 him any thing of whatfoever he had re 
 ceived, thinking themfelves fufficiently en 
 riched and happy, that they had found fo 
 free accefs to fee us. 
 
 Againft the end of three days more 
 (the news having the while fpread itfelf 
 farther, and as it feemed a great way up 
 into the country) were afiembled the great- 
 eft number of people, which we could 
 reafonably imagine, to dwell within any 
 convenient diftance round about. Amongft 
 the reft, the king himfelf, a man of a 
 goodly ftature and comely perfonage, at 
 tended with his guard, of about 100 tall 
 and warlike men, this day, viz. June 
 26th, came down to fee us. 
 
 Before his coming, were fent two am- 
 baffadors or meflengers, to our general, 
 to fignify that their Hioh, (that is, their 
 king) was coming and at hand. They in. 
 the delivery of their mefiage, the one 
 fpake with a foft and low voice, promp 
 ting his fellow. The other pronounced 
 the fame word by word after him, with 
 a voice more audible, continuing their 
 proclamation (for fuch it was) about half 
 an hour. Which being ended, they by 
 their figns made requeft to our general to 
 fend fomething by their hands to their 
 Hioh or king, as a token that his com 
 ing might be in peace. Our general wil 
 lingly fatisfied their defire ; and they glad 
 men, made fpeedy return to their Hioh. 
 Neither was it long before their king 
 (making as princely a mew as pofllbly he 
 could) with all his train came forward. 
 
 In their coming forwards they cried 
 continually after a finging manner, with a 
 lufty courage. And as they drew nearer 
 and nearer towards us, fo did they more 
 and more ftrive to behave themfelves with 
 a certain comelinefs and gravity in all their 
 aiSlions. 
 
 In the forefront came a man of a large 
 
 worfhip, was above, befeeching God if it body, goodly afpeft, bearing the fceptre, 
 were his good pleafure to open by fome or royal mace (made of a certain -kind of 
 
 means their blinded eyes ; that they might 
 in due time be called to the knowledge of 
 him the true and everliving God, and of 
 Jefus Chrift whom he hath fent, the fal- 
 vation of the Gentiles. In the time of 
 which prayers, finging of pfalms, and 
 
 black wood, and in length about a yard 
 and a half) before the king. Whereupon 
 hanged two crowns, a bigger and a lefs, 
 with three chains of a marvellous length, 
 and often doubled ; befides a bag of the 
 herb Tabah. The crowns were made of 
 
 knitwork. 
 
4*4 
 
 The IVvrld Encompaffed 
 
 knitwork, Wrought upon moft curiouQy 
 with feathers of divers colours, very ar 
 tificially placed, and of a formal fafhion. 
 The chains feemed of a bony fubftance, 
 every kind or part thereof being very lit 
 tle, thin, moft finely burnifhed, with a 
 hole pierced through the midft. The 
 number of links going to make one chain, 
 is in a manner infinite ; but of fuch efti- 
 mation it is amongft them, that few be 
 the perfons that are admitted to wear the 
 fame ; and even they to whom it's lawful 
 to them, yet are {tinted what number they 
 lhall ufe ; as fome ten, fome twelve, fome 
 twenty, and as they exceed in number of 
 chains, fo are they thereby known to be 
 the more honourable perfonages. 
 
 Next unto him that bare this fceptre, 
 was the king himfelf with his guard about 
 him. His attire upon his head was a cawl 
 of knitwork, wrought upon fomewhat like 
 the crown, but differing much both in 
 fafhion, and perfectnefs of work ; upon his 
 flioulders he had on a coat of the fkins of 
 conies, reaching to his wafte. His guard 
 alfo had each coats of the fame fhape, but 
 of other fkins, fome having cawls likewife 
 fuch with feathers, or covered over with 
 a certain down, which groweth up in the 
 country upon an herb much like our let- 
 tice, which exceeds any other down in 
 the world for finenefs, and being laid up 
 on their cawls by no winds can be remo 
 ved. Of fuch eftimation is this herb a- 
 mongfl them, that the down thereof is not 
 lawful to be worn, but of fuch perfons as 
 are about the king (to whom alfo it is per 
 mitted to wear a plume of feathers on their 
 heads in fign of honour) and the feeds are 
 not ufed but only in facrifice to their gods. 
 After thefe in their order, did follow the 
 naked fort of common people j whofe hair 
 being long, was gathered into a bunch be 
 hind, in which ftuck plumes of feathers -, 
 but in the forepart only frngle feathers like 
 hdrns, every one pleafing himfelf in his 
 own device. 
 
 This one thing was obferved to be ge 
 neral amongft them all, that every one had 
 his face painted, fome with white, fome 
 with black, and fome with other colours ; 
 every man alfo bringing in his hand one 
 thing or other for a prefent. Their train 
 or laft part of their company confifted of 
 women and children, each woman bearing 
 againfl her breaft a round bafket or two ; 
 having with them divers things, as bags 
 of Tabah, a root which they call Petah, 
 whereof they make a kind of meal, and 
 either bake it into bread, or eat it raw -, 
 broiled fifties like a pilchard , the feed and 
 down aforenamed, with fuch like. 
 
 Their bafkets were made in fafhion like 
 a deep bowl, and though the matter were 
 
 rulhes, or fuch other kind of ftuff, yet 
 was it fo cunningly handled, that the moft 
 part of them would hold water ; about the 
 brims they were hanged with pieces of the 
 fhells of pearls, and in fome places with 
 two or three links at a place, of the chains 
 forenamed -, thereby fignifying that they 
 were vefTels wholly dedicated to the only 
 ufe of the gods they worshiped. And 
 befides this, they were wrought upon with 
 the matted down of red feathers, diftin- 
 guifhed into divers works and forms. 
 
 In the mean time our general having 
 afTembled his men together (as forecafting 
 the danger, and worft that might fall out) 
 prepared himfelf to ftand upon fure ground, 
 that we might at all times be ready in our 
 own defence, if any thing mould chance 
 other wife than was looked for or expected. 
 Wherefore every man being in a war 
 like readinefs, he marched within his fen 
 ced place, making againft their approach 
 a moft warlike (hew (as he did alfo at all 
 other times of their refortj whereby if they 
 had been defperate enemies, they could not 
 have chofen, but have conceived terror and 
 fear, with difcouragement to attempt any 
 thing againft us, in beholding of the fame. 
 When they were come fomewhat near 
 unto us, trooping together, they gave us 
 a common or a general falutation ; obfer- 
 ving in the mean time a general filence. 
 Whereupon he who bare the fceptre before 
 the king, being prompted by another, 
 whom the king affigned to that office, 
 pronounced with an audible and manly 
 voice, what the other fpake to him in fe- 
 cret ; continuing, whether it were his ora 
 tion or proclamation, at the leaft half an 
 hour. At the clofe whereof, there was a 
 common Amen^ in fign of approbation gi 
 ven by every perfbn : And the king him 
 felf with the whole number of men and 
 women, the little children only remaining 
 behind, came further down the hill, and 
 as they came fet themfelves again in their 
 former order. 
 
 And being now come to the foot of the 
 hill, and near our fort, the fceptre-bearer, 
 with a compofed countenance and ftately 
 carriage, began a fong, and anfwerable 
 thereunto, obferved a kind of meafures in 
 a dance, whom the king, with his guard, 
 and every fort of perfon following, did 
 in like manner fmg and dance, faving on 
 ly the women who danced but kept filence. 
 As they danced they (till came on ; and. 
 our general perceiving their plain and fim- 
 ple meaning, gave order that they might 
 freely enter without interruption within 
 our bulwark : Where, after they had en 
 tered, they yet continued their fong and 
 dance a reafonable time. Their women 
 alfo following them with their waflail bowls 
 
 in 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 465 
 
 in theft hands, their bodies bruifed, their 
 faces torn, their dugs, breads, and other 
 parts befpotted with blood, trickling down 
 from the wounds which with their nails 
 they had made before their coming. 
 
 After that they had fatisfied, or rather 
 tired themfelves in this manner, they made 
 figns to our general to have him fit down ; 
 unto whom, both the king and divers o- 
 thers made feveral orations, or rather in 
 deed, if we had underftood them, fuppli- 
 cations, that he would take the province 
 and kingdom into his hand, and become 
 their king and patron ; making figns that 
 they would refign unto him their right 
 and title in the whole land, and become 
 his vaffals in themfelves, and his pofteri- 
 ties : Which that they might make us in 
 deed believe that it was their true meaning 
 and intent, the king himfelf, with all 
 the reft with one confent, and with great 
 reverence, joyfully finging a fong, fet the 
 crown upon his head, enriched his neck 
 with all their chains, and offering unto 
 him many other things, honoured him by 
 the name of Hyoh. Adding thereunto (as 
 it might feem) a fong and a dance of tri 
 umph ; becauie they were not only vifited 
 of Gods, (for fo they fl.il! judged us to be) 
 but the great and chief God was now be 
 come their God, their king and patron, and 
 themfelves were become the only happy 
 and bleffed people in all the world. 
 
 Thefe things being fo freely offered, our 
 general thought not meet to reject or re- 
 fufe the fame ; both for that we would 
 not give them any caufe of miftruft, or 
 difliking of him, (that being the only 
 place, wherein at this prefent we were of 
 neceffity inforced to feek relief of many 
 things) and chiefly, for that he knew not 
 to what good end God had brought this 
 to pafs, or what honour or profit it might 
 bring to our country in time to come. 
 
 Wherefore in the name, and to the ufe of 
 her moft excellent majefty, he took the 
 fceptre, crown and dignity of the faid 
 country into his hand ; wifhing nothing 
 more than that it had lain fo fitly for her 
 majefty to enjoy, as it was now her pro 
 per own, and that the riches and treafure 
 thereof (wherewith in the up-land coun 
 tries it abounds) might with as great con- 
 veniency be tranfported, to the enriching 
 of her kingdom here at home, as it is in 
 plenty to be attained there ; and efpecially, 
 that fo tractable and loving a people as 
 they {hewed themfelves to be, might have 
 means to have manifefted their moft wil 
 ling obedience the more under her, and by 
 her means, as a mother and nurfe of the 
 church of Chrift, might by the preaching 
 of the gofpel be brought to the right 
 knowledge and obedience of the true and 
 ever living God. 
 
 VOL. II, 
 
 The ceremonies of this refignirig, and 
 receiving of the kingdom, being thus per 
 formed, and the common fort both of men 
 and women, leaving the king and his 
 guard about him, with our general, dif- 
 perfed themfelves amongft our people, la*, 
 king a diligent view or lurvey of every 
 man ; and finding fuch as pleafed their 
 fancies (which commonly were the young- 
 eft of us) they prefently enclofing them a- 
 bout, offered their Sacrifices unto them* 
 crying out with lamentable fhreeks and 
 moans, weeping and fcratching, and tear 
 ing their very flelh off their faces with 
 their nails ; neither were it the women a- 
 lone which did this, but even old men, 
 roaring, and crying our, were as violent 
 as the women were. 
 
 We groaned in fpirit to fee the power 
 of Satan fo far prevail, in feducing thefe 
 fo harmlefs fouls, and laboured by all 
 means, both by mewing our great diflike, 
 and when that ferv'd not, by violent with 
 holding of their hands from that madnefs* 
 directing them (by our eyes and hands lift 
 up towards heaven ) to the living God 
 whom they ought to ferve. But fo mad 
 were they upon their Idolatry, that forci 
 bly with- holding them would not prevail, 
 (for as foon as they could get liberty to 
 their hands again, they would be as vio 
 lent as they were before) till fuch time, as 
 they whom they worftiipcd, were convey 
 ed from them into the tents, whom yet as 
 men befides themfelves, they would with 
 fury and outrage feek to have again. 
 
 After that time had a little qualified 
 their madnefs, they then began to mew 
 and make known unto us their griefs and 
 difeafes, which they carried about them 
 fome of them having old aches, fome 
 fhrunk finews, fome old fores and cankred 
 ulcers, fome wounds more lately received, 
 and the like, in a moft lamentable manner, 
 craving help and cure thereof from us , 
 making figns, that if we did but blow up 
 on their griefs, or but touched the difeafed 
 places, they would be whole. 
 
 Their griefs we could not but take pity 
 on them, and to our own defire to help 
 them ; but that (if it pleafed God to open 
 their eyes) they might underftand we were 
 but men, and no Gods, we ufed ordinary 
 means, as lotions, emplaifters, and un 
 guents, moft fitly (as far as our fkills could 
 guefs) agreeing to the natures of their 
 griefs j befeeching God, if it made for his 
 glory, to give cure to their difeafes by 
 thefe means. The like we did from time 
 to time as they reforted to us. 
 
 Few were the days, wherein they were 
 abfent from us, during the whole time of 
 our abode in that place -, and ordinarily 
 every third day, they brought their facri- 
 fices, till fuch time, as they certainly un- 
 6 C dcrftood 
 
466 
 
 The World Encompafled 
 
 derftood our meaning, that we took no 
 pleafure, but were difpleafed with them. 
 Whereupon their zeal abated, and their 
 facrificing, for a feafon, to our good liking 
 ceafed. Notwithstanding, they continued 
 ftill to make their refort unto us in great 
 abundance, and in fuch fort, that they oft- 
 times forgot to provide meat for their own 
 fuftenance ; fo that our general (of whom 
 they made account as of a father) was fain 
 to perform the office of a father to them, 
 relieving them with fuch victuals as we 
 had provided for ourfelves, as mufcles, 
 feals, and fuch like, wherein they took 
 exceeding much content ; and feeing that 
 their facrifices were difpleafing to us, yet 
 (hating ingratitude) they fought to recom- 
 pence us, with fuch things as they had, 
 which they willingly intorced upon us, 
 though it were never fo neceffary or need 
 ful for themfelves to keep. 
 
 They are a people of a tractable, free, 
 and loving nature, without guile or treache 
 ry ; their bows and arrows ( their only 
 weapons, and almoft all their wealth) they 
 ufe very fkilfully ; but yet not do any 
 great harm with them, being by reafon of 
 their weaknefs, more fit for children than 
 for men, not fending the arrow far off, nor 
 with any great force. And yet are the 
 men' commonly fo ftrong of body, that 
 which two or three of our men could hard 
 ly bear, one of them would take upon 
 his back, and without grudging carry it 
 eafily away, up hill and down hill an 
 Englijh mile together. They are alfo ex 
 ceeding fwift in running, and of long con 
 tinuance ; the ufe whereof is fo familiar 
 with them, that they feldom go, but for 
 the moil part run. One thing we obfer- 
 ved in them with admiration, that if any 
 time they chanced to fee a fifh fo near 
 the fhore, that they might reach the place 
 without fwimming, they would feldom, 
 or never mifs to take it. 
 
 After that our neceffary bufinefs was 
 well difpatched, our general with his gen 
 tlemen, and many of his company, made 
 a journey up into the land, to fee the man 
 ner of their dwelling, and to be the better 
 acquainted with the nature and commodi 
 ties of the country. Their houfes were all 
 fuch as we have formerly defcribed, and 
 being many of 'them in one place, made 
 feveral villages here and there. The in 
 land we found to be far different from the 
 fhore, a goodly country and fruitful foil, 
 ftored with many bleffings fit for the ufe 
 of man. Infinite was the company of very 
 large and fat deer, which there we law 
 by thoufands, as we fuppofed, in a herd ; 
 befides a multitude of a ftrange kind of 
 conies, by far exceeding them in number. 
 Their heads and bodies, in which they re- 
 
 femble other conies, are but i'mall ; his tail 
 like the tail of a rat, exceeding long , and 
 his feet like paws of a want or moal ; un 
 der his chin, on either fide, he hath a bag, 
 into which he gathereth his meat, when he 
 hath filled his belly abroad, that he may 
 with it, either feed his young, or feed him- 
 felf, when he lifts not to travel from his 
 burrow. The people eat their bodies, and 
 make great account of thir fkins, for 
 their king's holiday coat was made of 
 them. 
 
 This country our general named Albion^ v ' 
 or New Albion, and that for two caufes, 
 the one in refpect of the white banks and 
 cliffs, which lie toward the fea , the o- 
 ther, that it might have fome affinity, e- 
 ven in name alfo, with our own country, 
 which was fome time fo called. 
 
 Before we went from thence, our gene 
 ral caufed to be fee up a monument of our 
 being there ; as alfo of her majefty's, and 
 fucceffors right and title to that kingdom ; 
 namely, a plate of brafs, faft nailed to a 
 great and firm poft ; whereon is engraven 
 her grace's name, and the day and year of 
 our arrival there, and of the free giving 
 up of the province and kingdom, both by 
 the king and people, into her majefty's 
 hands, together with her highnefs's pi 
 cture and arms, in a piece of fixpence, cur 
 rant Englijh money, fhewing itfelf by a hole 
 made of purpofe through the place. Un 
 derneath was likewife engraven the name 
 of our general, &c. 
 
 The Spaniards never had any dealing, 
 or fo much as fet a foot in this country ; 
 the utmoft of their difcourfes, reaching 
 only to many degrees fouthward of this 
 place. 
 
 And now, as the time of our departure 
 was perceived by them to draw nigh, fo 
 did the lorrows and miferies of this peo 
 ple feem to themfelves to increafe upon 
 them ; and the more certain they were of 
 our going away, the more doubtful they 
 mewed themfelves, what they might do ; 
 fo that we might eafily judge that that joy 
 ( being exceeding great ) wherewith they 
 received us at our firft arrival, was clean 
 drown'd in their exceffive forrow for our 
 departing , for they did not only lofe on 
 a fudden ail mirth, joy, glad countenance, 
 pleafant fpeeches, agility of body, familiar 
 rejoicing one with another, and all plea- 
 lure whatever flefh and blood might be 
 delighted in, but with fighs and forrow- 
 ings, with heavy hearts and grieved minds, 
 they poured out woful complaints and 
 moans, with bitter tears and wringing of 
 their hands, tormenting themfelves. And 
 as men refufing all comfort, they only ac 
 counted themfelves as caftaways, and thofe 
 whom the gods were about to forfake -, fo 
 
 that 
 
ly Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 467 
 
 that nothing we could fay or do, was a- 
 ble to eafe them of their fo heavy a bur 
 then, or to deliver them from fo defperate 
 a (trait, as our leaving of them did feem 
 to them that it would caft them into. 
 
 Howbcit feeing they could not ftill en 
 joy our prefence, they (fuppofmg us to be 
 gods indeed) thought it their duties to in- 
 treat us, that being abfent, we would yet 
 be mindful of them , and making figns of 
 their defires , that in time so come we 
 would fee them again, they ftole upon us a 
 facrifice, and fet it on e'er we were aware, 
 burning therein a chain and a bunch of fea 
 thers. We laboured by all means poffible 
 to with-hold or withdraw them, but could 
 not prevail, till at laft we fell to prayers 
 and fingingof pfalms, whereby they were 
 allured immediately to forget their folly, 
 and leave their facrifice unconfumed, fuf- 
 fering the fire to go out, and imitating us 
 in all our actions ; they fell to lifting up 
 their eyes and hands to heaven as they faw 
 us do. 
 
 The 23d of July they took a forrowful 
 farewel of us, but being loth to leave us, 
 they prefently ran to the tops of the hills 
 to keep us in their fight as long as they 
 could, making fires before and behind, and 
 on each fide of them, burning therein (as 
 is to be fuppofed) facrifices to our depar 
 ture. 
 
 Not far without this harbour, did lye 
 certain inlands (we called them the iflands 
 of St. James} having on them plentiful and 
 great (tore of feals and birds, with one of 
 which we fell, July 24. whereupon we 
 found fuch provision as might competently 
 ferve our turn for a while , we departed 
 again the next day following, viz. July 
 25. And our general now confidering, 
 that the extremity of the cold not only con 
 tinued but increafed, the fun being gone 
 farther from us, and that the wind blowing 
 ftill (as it did at firft) from the north-weft, 
 cut off all hope of finding a pafiage through 
 the northern parts, thought it.neccflary to 
 lofe no time-, and therefore, with general 
 confent of all, bent his courfe directly to run 
 with the iflands of the Moluccas. And fo 
 having nothing in our view but air and 
 fea, without fight of any land for the fpace 
 of full 68 days together, we continued our 
 couufe through the main ocean, till Septem 
 ber 30. following, on which day we fell 
 in fight of certain iflands, lying about eight 
 degrees to the northward of the line. 
 
 From thefe iflands prefently upon the 
 difcovery of us, came a great number of 
 canoes, having each of them jn fome four, 
 in fome fix, in fome fourteen or fifteen 
 men - 7 bringing with them cocoas, fifh, 
 potatoes, and certain fruits to fmall pur- 
 pofe. 
 
 Their canoes were made after the fafliion 
 that the canoes of all the reft of the iflands 
 of Moluccas for the moft part are ; that is, 
 of one tree, hollowed within with great 
 art and cunning, being made fo fmooth, 
 both within and without, that they bore a 
 glofs, as if it were a harnefs moft finely 
 burnifh'd -, a prow and (tern they had of 
 one fafhion, yielding inward in manner of 
 a femicircle, of a great height, and hanged 
 full of certain white and glittering fhells for 
 bravery -, on each fide of their canoes lay 
 out two pieces of timber about a yard and 
 half long, more or Jefs, according to the 
 capacity of their boat ; at the ends whereof 
 was fattened, crolswife, a great cane, the 
 ufe whereof was to keep their canoes from 
 overthrowing, and that they might be 
 equally born up on each fide. 
 
 The people themielves have the nether 
 parts of their ears cut round or circlewifr, 
 hanging down very low upon their cheeks, 
 wherein they hang things of a reafonable 
 weight ; the nails on the fingers of fome 
 of them were at leaft an inch long, and 
 their teeth as black as pitch, the colour 
 whereof they ufe to renew by often eating 
 of an herb, with a kind of powder, which 
 in a cane they carry about them for the fame 
 purpofe. The firft fort and company of 
 thofe canoes being come to our fhip (which 
 then by reafon of a fcant wind made a little 
 way) very fubtilly, and againft their na 
 tures, began in peace to traffick with us, 
 giving us one thing for another very order 
 ly, intending (as we perceived) hereby to 
 work a greater mifchief to us, intreating us 
 by figns moft earneftly to draw nearer to 
 wards the fhore, that they might (if pof 
 fible) make the eafier prey both of the fliip 
 and us. But thefe pafling away, and o- 
 thers continually reforting, we were quick 
 ly able to guefs at them what they were ; 
 for if they received any thing once into 
 their hands, they would neither give re- 
 compence nor reftitution of it, but thought 
 whatever they could finger to be their own ; 
 expecting always, with brows of brafs, to 
 receive more, but would 'part with no 
 thing; yea r being rejected for their bad 
 dealing, r as thofe with whom we would 
 have no more to do, ufing us fo evilly, 
 they could not be fatisfied till they had 
 given the attempt to revenge themfelves, 
 becaufe we. would not give them whatfo- 
 ever they would have, for nothing ; and 
 having (tones good f tore in their canoes, 
 let fly a many of them againft us. It was 
 far from our general's meaning to requite 
 their malice by like injury ; yet that they 
 might know he had power to do them 
 harm (if he had lifted) he caufed a great 
 piece to be fhot off, not to hurt them but 
 to affright them : which wrought the de- 
 fired 
 
The World Encomfaffed 
 
 fired effeft amongft them, for at the noife 
 thereof, they every one leaped out of his 
 canoe into the water, and diving under the 
 keel of their boats, frayed them from go 
 ing any way till our fhip was gone a good 
 way from them : then they all lightly reco 
 vered into their canoes, and got them with 
 fpeed toward the fhore. 
 
 Notwithftanding, other new companies 
 (but all of the fame mind) continually 
 made refort upon us. And feeing that 
 there was no good to be got by violence, 
 they put on a mew of feeming honefty, 
 and offering in (hew to deal with us by 
 way of exchange -, under that pretence 
 they cunningly fell a filching of what they 
 could, and one of them pull'd a dagger, 
 and knives from one of our mens girdles, 
 and being required to reftore it again, he 
 rather ufed what means he could to catch 
 at more. Neither could we at all be rid 
 of this ungracious company, till we made 
 fome of them feel fome fmart as well as 
 terror. And fo we left that place by all 
 paffengers to be known hereafter by the 
 name of the ifland of thieves. 
 
 Till the gd of Oftober, we could not 
 get clear of thefe conforts, but from thence 
 we contiued our courfe without fight of 
 land till the i6th of the fame month, when 
 we fell with four iflands, ftanding in 7 deg. 
 5 min. to the northward of the line. We 
 coafted them till the 21 ft day, and then 
 anchored and watered upon the biggeft of 
 them, called Mindanao, The 2zdof Qfto- 
 ber$ as we paft between two iflands, about 
 fix or 'eight leagues fouth of Mindanao, 
 there came from thence two canoes to have 
 talked with us, and we would willingly 
 have talked with them, but there arofe fo 
 much wind that put us from them to the 
 fouth wards. ORober 25th, we paffed by 
 the ifland, named Talao, in 3 degr. 40 
 min. we faw to the northward of it three 
 or four iflands, Teda, Selan, Saran, ( three 
 iflands fo named to us by an Indian) the 
 middle whereof ftands in 3 degrees ; we 
 paft the laft fave one of thefe, and one 
 day of the following month in like man 
 ner, we paft the ifle Snaro, in i degr. 
 30 min. and the 3d of November, we came 
 in fight of the iflands of the Meluccas, 
 as we defired. 
 
 Thefe are four high piked iflands, their 
 names, Terenate, Tidore, Matchan, Batcban, 
 all. of them very fruitful, and yielding a- 
 bundance of cloves, whereof we furnifhed 
 ourfelves of as much as we defired at very 
 cheap rates. At the eaft of them lies a very 
 great ifland, called Gillola. 
 
 We directed our courfe to have gone to 
 Tidore, but in coafting along a little ifland 
 belonging to the king of Terenate, No 
 vember 4th, his deputy or viceroy, with 
 
 all expedition came off to out fhip in a 
 canoe, and without any fear or doubting 
 of our good meaning came prefently a- 
 board. Who after fome conference with 
 our general, intreated him by any means 
 to run with Terenate, not with Tidore, af- 
 furing him that his king would be won 
 drous glad of his coming, and be ready 
 to do for him what he could, and what 
 our general in reafon fhould require. For 
 which purpftfe he himfelf would that night 
 be with his king to carry him the news ; 
 with whom, if he once dealt, he mould 
 find, that as he was a king, fo his word 
 fhould ftand : Whereas, if he dealt with 
 the Portuguese, (who had the command of 
 Tidore) he fhould find in them nothing 
 but deceit and treachery. And befides, 
 that if he went to Tidore, before he came 
 to Terenate, then would his king have no 
 thing to do with us, for he held the Por- 
 tugueze as an enemy. On thefe perfuafi- 
 ons our general refolved to run with Te 
 renate, where the next day very early in 
 the morning we came to anchor. And 
 prefently our general fent a meiTenger to 
 the king, with a velvet cloak for a prefent, 
 and token that his coming fhould be in 
 peace ; and that he required no other thing 
 at his hands, but that (his victuals being 
 fpent in fo long a voyage) he might have 
 fupply from him by way of traffick, and 
 exchange of merchandize, (whereof he had 
 ftore of divers forts) of fuch things as he 
 wanted. Which he thought he might be 
 the bolder to require at his hands, both 
 for that the thing was lawful, and that he 
 offered him no prejudice or wrong there 
 in ; as alfo becaufe he was intreated to 
 repair to that place by his viceroy at Mu- 
 tir, who affured him of necefiary provifion 
 in fuch a manner, as now he required the 
 fame. 
 
 Before this, the viceroy according to his 
 promife had been with the king, fignify- 
 ing Unto him what mighty prince and 
 kingdom we belonged unto, what good 
 things the king might receive from us, 
 not only now, but for hereafter, by way 
 of traffick. Yea, what honour and benefit 
 it might be to him, to be in league and 
 friendfhip with fo noble and famous a 
 prince as we ferved. And farther, what 
 a difcouragement it would be to the Por- 
 tugueze his enemies to hear and fee it. In 
 hearing whereof, the king was fo prefent 
 ly moved to the well liking of the matter, 
 that before our meffengcr could come half 
 the way, he had fent the viceroy, with di 
 vers others of his nobles and counfellors 
 to our general, with fpecial mcflage that 
 he fhould not only have what things he 
 needed, or would require with peace and 
 friendfhip ; but that he would willingly 
 
 entertain 
 
by Sir FRA\NCIS DRAKE. 
 
 y 
 
 469 
 
 entertain arriity with fo famous and re 
 nowned a prince as was ours, and that if 
 it feemed good in her eyes to accept of it,, 
 he would fequeiler the commodities and 
 traffick of his whole ifland from others, 
 efpecially from his enemies the Portugueze, 
 (from whom he had nothing but by the 
 fword) and referve it to the intercourfe of 
 our nation, if we would embrace it. In 
 token whereof he had now lent to our ge 
 neral his fignet, and would within fhort 
 time after, come in his own perfon with 
 his brethren and nobles, with boats or ca 
 noes into our fhip, and be a means of 
 bringing her into a fater harbour. 
 
 While they were delivering their mef- 
 fage to us, our meflenger was come unto 
 the court, who being met by the way by 
 certain noble perfonages, was with great 
 lolemnity conveyed into the king's pre- 
 fence ; at whofe hands he was moft friend 
 ly and gracioufly entertained ; and having 
 delivered his errand, together with his 
 prefent unto the king, the king feemed to 
 him to judge himfelf blame-worthy, that 
 he had not fooner hafted in perfon to pre 
 fent himfelf to our general, who came fo 
 far, and from fo great a prince. And pre- 
 fently with all expedition^ he made ready 
 himfelf, with the chiefeft of all his ftates 
 and counfellors to make repair unto us. 
 
 The manner of his coming, as it was 
 princely, fo truly it feemed to us very 
 ftrange and marvellous; ferving at the 
 prefent not fo much to fet out his own 
 royal and kingly ftate, (which was great ) 
 as to do honour to her highnefs to whom 
 we belonged, wherein how willingly he 
 employed himfelf, the fequel will make 
 manifeft. 
 
 Firft therefore, before his coming, did 
 he fend off three great and large canoes -, 
 in each whereof, were certain of the great- 
 eft perfonages that were about him, attired 
 all of them in white lawn, or cloth of cale- 
 cut, having over their heads, from one 
 end of the canoe to the other, a covering 
 of thin and fine mats, born up by a frame 
 made of reeds, under which every man fat 
 in order according to his dignity ; the 
 hoary heads of many of them, fet forth the 
 greater reverence due to their perfons, and ' 
 manifeftly mewed, that the king ufed the 
 advice of a grave and prudent council in 
 his affairs. Befides thefe, were divers o- 
 thers, young and comely men, a great 
 number attired in white as were the other, 
 but with manifeft differences , having their 
 places alfo under the fame covering, but 
 in inferior order, as their calling required. 
 
 The reft of the men were foldiers, who 
 flood in comely order round about on both 
 fides ; on the outfide of whom, again did 
 fit the rowers in certain galleries, which 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 being three on each fide all along the ca- 
 roe, did lie off from the fide thereof, fome 
 three or four yards, one being orderly 
 builded lower than the other. In every 
 of which galleries was an equal number of 
 banks, whereon did fit the rowers, about 
 the number of fourfcore in one canoe. In 
 the forepart of each canoe, fat two men, - 
 the one holding a tabret, the other a piece 
 of brafs, whereon they both at once ftruck ; 
 and obferving a due time and reafonable 
 fpace between each ftroke, by the found 
 thereof directed the rowers to keep their 
 ftroke with their oars ; as on the contrary, 
 the rower ending their ftroke with a fong, 
 gave warning to the others to ftrike a- 
 gain, and fo continued they their way with 
 marvellous fwiftnefs ; neither were their 
 canoes naked or unfurnifhed of warlike 
 munition ; they had each of them at leaft 
 one fmall caft piece of about a yard in 
 length mounted upon a ftock, which was 
 fet upright i befides, every man, except 
 the rowers, had his fword, dagger, and 
 target, and fome of them fome other wea 
 pons, as lances, calivers, bows, arrows, 
 and many darts. 
 
 Thefe canoes coming near our fhip in 
 order, rowed round about us one after a- 
 nother ; and the men as they pafs'd by us, 
 did us a kind of homage with great fo- 
 lemnity ; the greateft perfonages beginning 
 firft, with reverend countenance and be 
 haviour, to bow their bodies even to the 
 ground : Which done, they put our own 
 meffenger aboard us again, and fignified 
 to us, that their king ( who himfelf was 
 coming) had fent them before him to con 
 duct our fhip into a better road, defiring 
 a hawfer to be given them forth, that they 
 might employ their fervice as their king 
 commanded, in towing our fhip therewith 
 to the place affigned. 
 
 The king himfelf was not far behind, 
 but he alfo with fix grave and ancient fa 
 thers in his canoe approaching, did at once 
 together with them, yield us a reverend 
 kind of obeyfance in far more humble man 
 ner than was to be expected ; he was of 
 a tall ftature, very corpulent and well fee 
 together, of a very princely and gracious 
 countenance ; his refpect amongft his own 
 was fuch, that neither his viceroy of Mutir 
 aforenamed, nor any other of his counfel 
 lors, durft fpeak unto him but upon their 
 knees, not rifing again till they were li- 
 cenfed. 
 
 Whofe coming, as it was to our gene 
 ral no fmall caufe of good liking, fo was 
 he received in the beft manner we could, 
 anfwerable unto his ftate. Our ordnance 
 thundred, which we mixed with great ftore 
 of fmall fhot, among which founding our 
 trumpets, and other inftruments of mufick, 
 6 D both 
 
The World Encompajjed 
 
 both of ftill and loud noife ; wherewith he 
 was fo much delighted, that requefting* 
 our mufick to come into the boat, he join 
 ed his canoe to the fame, and was towed 
 at leaft a whole hour together, with the 
 boat at the ftern of our fhip. Befides this 
 our general fent him fuch prefents as he 
 thought might both requite his courtefy 
 already received, and work a farther con 
 firmation of that good liking and friend- 
 fhip already begun. 
 
 The king being thus in mufical para- 
 dife, and enjoying that wherewith he was 
 fo highly pleafed ; his brother, named Mo- 
 ro, with no lefs bravery than any of the 
 reft, accompanied alfo with a great num 
 ber of gallant followers, made the like re 
 pair, and gave us like refpect ; and his 
 homage done, he fell a-ftern of us, till we 
 came to anchor ; neither did our general 
 leave his courtefy unrewarded, but boun 
 tifully pleafed him alfo before we parted. 
 
 The king as foon as we were come to 
 anchor, craved pardon to be gone, and fo 
 took leave, promifing us, that the next 
 day he would come aboard ; and in the 
 mean time would prepare and fend fuch 
 victuals as were requifite and necefiary for 
 our provifion. 
 
 Accordingly the fame night, and the 
 morrow following, we received what was 
 there to be had, by way of traffick, to ivit t 
 rice in pretty quantity, hens, fugar-canes, 
 imperfect and liquid fugar, a fruit which 
 they call Figo (Magellan calls it a rig of a 
 fpan long, but is no other than that which 
 the Spaniards and Portugueze have named 
 Plantanes) Cocoas, and a kind of meal 
 which they call Sago, made of the tops of 
 certain trees, tafting in the mouth like 
 fbwre curds, but melts away like fugar ; 
 whereof they make a kind of cake which 
 will keep good at leaft ten years. Of this 
 laft we made the greateft quantity of our 
 provifion. For a few cloves we did alfo 
 traffick, whereof for a fmall matter, we 
 might have had greater ftore than we 
 could well tell where to beftow. But our 
 general's care was that the fhip mould not 
 be too much peftered or annoyed therewith. 
 At the time appointed our general (ha- 
 vjng fet all things in order to receive him) 
 looked for the king's return, who failing 
 both in time and promife, fent his brother 
 to make his excufe, and to intreat our 
 general to come on more ; his brother be 
 ing the while to remain aboard, as a pawn 
 for his fafe reftoring. Our general could 
 willingly have confented, if die king him- 
 felf had not firft broke his word, the con- 
 fideration whereof bred an utter difliking 
 in the whole company, who by no means 
 would give confeht, he mould hazard him- 
 felf, efpecially, for that the king's brother 
 
 had uttered certain words in fecret confe 
 rence with our general aboard his cabin, 
 which bred no fmall fufpicion of ill intent ; 
 our general being thus refolved not to go 
 afhore at that time, referved the viceroy 
 for a pledge, and fo fent certain of his 
 gentlemen to the court, both to accompany 
 the king's brother, and alfo with fpecial 
 mefiage to the king himfelf. 
 
 They being come fomewhat near unto 
 the caftle, were received by another bro 
 ther of the king's, and certain others of 
 the greateft ftates, and conducted with 
 great honour towards the caftle, where be 
 ing brought into a large and fair houfe, 
 they faw gathered together a great multi 
 tude of people, by fuppofition at leaft a 
 thoufand, the chief whereof were placed 
 round about the houfe, according as it 
 feemed to their degrees and calling, the 
 reft remained without. 
 
 The houfe was in form four fquare, co 
 vered all over with cloth of divers co 
 lours, not much unlike our ufual penta- 
 does, born upon a frame of reeds, the fides 
 being open from the groundfell to the 
 covering, and furnifhed with feats round 
 about. It feems it was their council-houfe, 
 and not commonly employed to any o- 
 ther ufe. 
 
 At the fide of this houfe next unto the 
 caftle, was feated the chair of ftate, ha 
 ving directly over it, and extending very 
 largely every way, a very fair and rich 
 canopy ; as the ground alfo for fome ten 
 or twelve paces compafs, was covered 
 with cloth of Arras. 
 
 Whilft our gentlemen aetended in this 
 place the coming of the king, which was 
 about the fpace of half an hour, they had 
 the better opportunity to obferve thefe 
 things ; as alfo that before the king's 
 coming, there were already fat threefcore 
 noble grave and ancient perfonages, all of 
 them reported to be of the king's privy 
 council ; at the nether end of the houfe 
 were placed great company of young men, 
 of comely perfonage and attire. Without 
 the houfe on the right fide, flood four an 
 cient comely hoar-headed men, clothed all 
 in red down to the ground, but attired on 
 their heads not much unlike the Turks : 
 Thefe they called Romans, or ftrangers, 
 who lay as lodgers there to keep continual 
 traffick with this people. There were alfo 
 two Turks, one Italian, as lodgers ; and laft 
 of all one Spaniard, who being freed by 
 the kings out of the hands of the Portu 
 gueze, in the recovering of the ifland, fer- 
 ved him now inftead of a foldier. 
 
 The king at laft coming from the caftle, 
 with eight or ten more grave fenators fol 
 lowing him, had a very rich canopy (a- 
 dorned in the midft with emboffings of 
 
 gold) 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 gold) born over him, and was guarded without covenanting to carry away goods, 
 
 with twelve lances, the points turned down 
 ward : Our men (accompanied with Moro 
 the king's brother) arofe to meet him, and 
 he very gracioufly did welcome and en 
 tertain him. 
 
 He was for perfon, fuch as we have 
 defcribed him, of low voice, temperate in 
 
 munition, or any thing elfe, to quit the 
 place, and the whole ifland, to fave their 
 lives. 
 
 For the prefent king with his brethren, 
 in revenge of their father's murder, fo be- 
 ftirred themfelves, that the Portugueze was 
 wholly driven from that ifland, and glad 
 
 fpeech, of kingly demeanor, and a Moor that he yet keeps footing in Tidore. Thefe 
 
 four years this king hath been increafing, and 
 was (as was affirmed) at that prefent, lord 
 of an hundred iflands thereabout ; and was 
 even now preparing his forces to hazard 
 a chance with the Portugueze for Tidort 
 itfelf. 
 
 The people are Moors, whofe religion 
 confifts much in certain fuperftitious ob- 
 fervations of new moons, and certain fea- 
 fons with a rigid and ftrict kind of faft- 
 ing. We had experience hereof in the 
 viceroy, and his retinue who lay aboard 
 us all the time for the moft part during 
 our abode in this place ; who during their 
 prefcribed time,would neither eat nor drink, 
 not fo much as a cup of cold water in the 
 day ( fo zealous are they in their felf-de- 
 vifed worfhip) but yet in the night would 
 eat three times, and that very largely. 
 This I'erenate ftands in 27 min. north la 
 titude. 
 
 While we rode at anchor in the harbour 
 of Terenate, befides the natives there came 
 aboard us another, a goodly gentleman, 
 
 by nation. His attire was after the fa- 
 fhion of the reft of his country, but far 
 more fumptuous, as his condition and ftate 
 required. From the wafte to the ground 
 was all cloth of gold, and that very rich ; 
 his legs bare, but on his feet a pair of 
 does of cordivant died red. In the attire 
 of his head, were finely wreathed in divers 
 rings of plated gold, of an inch, or an 
 inch and half in breadth, which made a 
 fair and princely mew, fomewhat refem- 
 bling a crown in form ; about his neck he 
 had a chain of perfect gold, the links very 
 great and one fold double ; on his left 
 hand was a diamond, an emerald, a ruby, 
 and a Turky, four very fair and perfect 
 jewels ; on his right hand, in one ring, a 
 big and perfect Turky ; and in another 
 ring many diamonds of a fmaller fize, 
 very artificially fet and couched together. 
 
 As thus he fate in his chair of ftate, at 
 his right fide there flood a page with a 
 very coftly fan (richly embroidered and be- 
 fet with faphires) beating and gathering 
 
 the air to refrelh the king, the place be- very well accompanied, with his interpreter, 
 ing very hot, both by reafon of the fun, 
 and the aflembly of fo great a multitude. 
 After a while our gentlemen having de 
 livered their mefiage, and received anfwer, 
 were licenfed to depart, and were fafely 
 conducted back again, by one of the chief 
 of the king's council, who had charge 
 from the king himfelf to perform the fame. 
 Our general obferving the caftle as well 
 as they could, could not conceive it to be 
 a place of any force, two only cannons 
 they there faw, and thofe at that prefent 
 untraverfable, becaufe unmounted. Thefe, 
 with all other furniture of like fort, which 
 they have, they have gotten them from 
 the Portugueze, by whom the caftle itfelf 
 was alfo builded, whilft they inhabited that 
 place and ifland. Who feeking to fettle 
 
 to view our fhip, and to confer with our 
 general , he was apparelled much after 
 our manner, moft neat and court-like ; 
 his carriage the moft refpective, and full 
 of difcreet behaviour that ever we had feen. 
 He told us that he was himfelf but a ftran- 
 ger in thofe iflands, being a native of the 
 province of Paghia in China ; his name, 
 Paufaos of the family of Hombu ; of which 
 family there had eleven reigned in conti 
 nual fucceffion thefe two hundred years ; 
 and king Boxog, by the death of his elder 
 brother, ( who died by a fall from his 
 horfe ) the rightful heir of all China, is the 
 twelfth of this race, he is twenty-two years 
 of age ; his mother yet living. He hath 
 
 ng themfelves with a better eftate than 
 they deferved (except they might, as they 
 thought) make fure work by leaving none 
 of the royal blood alive, who fhould 
 make challenge to the kingdom, cruelly 
 murdered the king himfelf (father to him 
 who now reigns) and intended the like to 
 all his fons. Which cruelty inftead of e- 
 ftablifhing, brought fuch a making on 
 
 a wife, and by her one fon : He is well 
 beloved, and highly honoured of all his 
 
 a tyrannous government (as in other pla- fubjects, and lives in great peace from any 
 ces fo) over this people, and not content- fear of foreign invafion. But it was not 
 
 this man's fortune to enjoy his part of this 
 happinefs both of his king and country, as 
 he moft defired. 
 
 For being accufed of 
 whereof (though free) yet 
 
 capital crime 
 he could not 
 
 evidently make his innocency appear, and 
 knowing the peremptory juftice of China, 
 to be irrevocable, if he fhould expect the 
 fentence of the judges ; he before- hand 
 
 their ufurped eftate, that they were fain, made fuit to his king, that it would pleafe 
 
 him 
 
Encompajfed 
 
 him to Commit his trial to God's provi 
 dence and judgment, and to that end to 
 permit him to travel, on this condition, 
 that if he brought not home fome worthy 
 intelligence, fuch as his majefty -had never 
 had before, and were mod fit to be known, 
 and moft honourable for China, he fhould 
 for ever live an exile, or elfe die for da 
 ring to fet foot again in his own country ; 
 for he was affured that the God of heaven 
 had care of innocency. 
 
 -The king granted his fuit, and now he 1 
 had been three years abroad, and at this 
 prefent came from Tidore (where lie had 
 remained two months) to fee the Englifo 
 general, of whom he heard fuch ftrange 
 things, and from him (if it pleafed God 
 to atford it ) to learn ibme fuch intelli 
 gence as might make way for his return 
 into his country , and therefore he earneftly 
 intreated our general, to make relation to 
 him of the occafion, way* and manner of 
 his coming fo far from England thither, 
 with the manifold occurrences that had 
 happened to him by the way. 
 
 Our general gave ample fatisfaction to 
 each part of his requeft ; the ftranger 
 hearkned with great attention and delight 
 to his difcourfe -, and as he naturally excel 
 led in memory (befides his help of art to 
 better the fame,) fo he firmly printed it 
 in his mind, and with great reverence 
 thanked God, who had fo unexpectedly 
 brought him to the notice of fuch admi 
 rable things. Then fell he to intreat our 
 general, with many moft earned and ve 
 hement perfuafions, that he would be con 
 tent to fee his country before his depar 
 ture any farther weftward -, that it fhould 
 be a moft pleafant, moft honourable, and 
 moft profitable thing for him ; that he 
 fhould gain hereby the notice, and carry 
 home the defcription of one of the moft 
 ancient, mightieft and richeft kingdoms in 
 the world. Hereupon he took occafion 
 to relate the number and greatnefs of the 
 provinces, with the rare commodities, and 
 good things they yielded ; the number, 
 ftatelinefs, and riches of their cities, with 
 what abundance of men, victuals, muniti 
 on, and all manner of necefTaries and de 
 lightful things they were ftored with. In 
 particular, touching ordnance and great 
 guns (the late invention of a fcab-fhinn'd 
 ^Friar amongft us in Europe) ; he related 
 that in Sunvien, (by fome called ^uinzai ) 
 which is the chiefeft city of all China, they 
 had brafs ordnance of all forts (much e:i- 
 fier to be traverfed than ours were, and 
 fo perfectly made that they would hit a 
 fhiiling) above two thoufand years ago. 
 "With many other worthy things which 
 our general's own experience ( if it 
 would pleafe him to make trial) would 
 
 (better than his relation) aflure him of. 
 The breeze would fhortly ferve very fitly 
 to carry him thither, and he himfelf 'would 
 accompany him all the way. He ac 
 counted himfelf a happy man, that he had 
 but feen and fpoken with us ; the relation 
 ot it might perhaps ferve him to recover 
 favour in his country -, but if he could 
 prevail with our general himfelf to go thi 
 ther, he doubted not but it would be A 
 means of his great advancement, and in- 
 creafe of honour with his king. Not- 
 withftanding our general could not on any 
 fuch perfuafions be induced, and fo the 
 ftranger parted forry that he could not pre 
 vail in his requeft, yet exceeding glad of 
 the intelligence he had learned. 
 
 By the ninth of November, having got 
 ten what provifion the place could afford 
 us, we then fet fail , and confidering that 
 our fhip for want of trimming was now 
 grown foul, that our cafks and veffels 
 for water were much decayed, and that di 
 vers other things ftood in need of repa 
 ration , our next care was, how we might 
 fall with fuch a place, where with fafety 
 we might a while ftay for the redreffing of 
 thefe inconveniencies. The calmnefs of the 
 winds, which are almoft continual before 
 the coming of the breeze ( which was not 
 yet expected) perfuaded us it was the fit- 
 teft time that we could take. 
 
 With this refolution we failed along til! 
 November i4th, at what time we arrived 
 at a little ifland (to the fouthward of Ce 
 lebes) ftanding in i degr. 40 min. towards 
 the pole antartick ; which being without 
 inhabitants, gave us the better hope of 
 quiet abode. We anchored, and finding 
 the place convenient for our purpofes, 
 ( there wanting nothing here which we 
 flood in need of, but only water, which we 
 were fain to fetch from another ifland 
 fomewhat farther to the fouth) made our 
 abode here for fix and twenty whole days 
 together. 
 
 The firft thing we did, we pitched our 
 tents, and entrenched ourfelves as ftrongly 
 as we could upon the fhore, left at any 
 time perhaps we might have been difturb- 
 ed by the inhabitants of the greater ifland, 
 which lay not far to the weftward of us. 
 After we had provided thus for our fecurity, 
 we landed our goods, and had a fmith's 
 forge fet up, both for the making of fome 
 neceflary fhipwork, and for the repairing 
 of fome iron-hooped cafks, without which 
 they could not long have ferved our ufe. 
 And for that our fmith's coals were all 
 fpent long before this time, there was 
 order given and followed for the burning 
 of charcoal, by which that want might be 
 fupplied. 
 
 We 
 
 r 
 
ly Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 473 
 
 We trimmed our "fhip, and performed 
 our other bufinefles to our content. The 
 place affording us not onJy all necefiaries 
 ( which we had not of our own before ) 
 
 take the firft advantage of the coming of 
 the breeze of wind which we expected ; and 
 having the day before furnilhed ourfelves 
 with frefli water from the other ifland, and 
 
 thereunto, but alfo wonderful refrefhjng to taken in provifion of wood and the like 
 
 our wearied bodies, by the comfortable re 
 lief, and excellent provifion that here we 
 found, whereby of fickly, weak and de 
 cayed, as many of us feemed to be before 
 our coming hither, we in fhort fpace grew 
 
 December izth, we put to fea, directing 
 our courfe toward the weft* 'The i6th 
 day we had fight of the ifland. Celebes, or 
 Silebis ; but having a bad wind, and being 
 entangled amongft marly iflands, incum- 
 
 all of us to be ftrong, lufty, and healthful bred alfo with many other difficulties, and 
 
 perfons. Befides this, we had rare expe 
 rience of God's wonderful w.ifdom in many 
 rare and admirable creatures whjch here 
 we faw. 
 
 The whole ifland is a thorough grown 
 wood, the trees for the moft part are of 
 large and high frature, very ftraight and 
 
 fome danger? ; and at laft meeting with 
 a deep bay, out of which we could not in 
 three days turn out again, we could not 
 by any means recover the north of Siffbis> 
 or continue on our courfe farther weft, but 
 were enforced to alter the fame toward 
 the foutli ; finding that courftj alfo to be 
 
 clean without boughs, fave only in the very both difficult .and very dangerous, by.rca- 
 
 top. The leaves whereof are not much 
 unlike our brooms in England. Amongft 
 thefe trees, night by night did mew them- 
 felves an infinite fwarm of fiery-feeming- 
 worms flying in the air, whofe bodies (no 
 bigger than an ordinary flye) did make a 
 Ihew, and give fuch light as if every twig 
 on every tree had been a lighted candle, 
 or as if that place had been the ftarry 
 fphere. To thefe we may add the relation 
 of another, almoft as ftrange a creature, 
 which here we law, and that was an innu 
 merable multitude of huge bats or rear- 
 mice, equalling, or rather exceeding a good, 
 hen in bignefs. They fly with marvellous 
 fwiftnefs, but their flight is very fhort ; 
 and when they light,< they hang only by 
 the boughs with their backs downward. 
 
 Neither may we without ingratitude 
 (by reafon of the fpecial ufe we made of 
 them) omit to fpeak of the huge multitude, 
 of a certain kind of crayfifh, of fuch a 
 fize, that one was fufficient to fatisfy four 
 hungry men at a dinner, being a very good 
 and reftorative meat ; the fpecial means 
 (as we conceived it) of our increafe of health. 
 
 They are, as far as we could perceive, 
 utter ftrangers to the fea, living always on 
 the land, where they work themfelves 
 earths, as do the conies, or rather they dig 
 great and huge caves under the roots of 
 the moft huge and monftrous trees, where 
 they lodge themfelves by companies toge 
 ther. Of the fame fort and kind we found 
 in other places, about the ifland Celebes, 
 Ibme that for want of other refuge, when 
 
 fon of many fhoals, which lay far ofF heie 
 and there amongft the. iflands, infomuch 
 that in all our pafTages from England hi 
 therto, we had never more care to keep 
 ourfelves afloat, and from fticking on them. 
 Thus were we forced to beat up and down 
 with extraordinary care and circumfpe- 
 ftion, till January pth, at which time we 
 fuppofed that we had at laft attained a 
 free paflage, the land turning evidently in 
 our fight about to weftward, and the wind 
 being enlarged-. followed us as we defied 
 with a reafonable gale. t 
 
 When lo on a fudden, when we leaft 
 fufpected no fhew or fufpicion of danger 
 appearing to us, and we were failing on 
 ward with full fail's, in the beginning of 
 the firft watch of the faid day at night, 
 even in a moment our fhip was laid up 
 faft upon a defperate fhoal, with no other 
 likelihood in appearance, but that we with 
 her muft there prefently perifh ; there be 
 ing no probability how any thing could be 
 faved, or any perfon efcape alive. 
 
 The unexpeclednefs of fo extreme a dan 
 ger, prefently rouzed us up to look about 
 us i but the more we looked, the lefs hope 
 we had of getting clear of it again, fo 
 that nothing now prefenting itlelf to xmr 
 minds, but the ghaftly appearance of in- 
 ftant death, affording no refpite or time of 
 paufing, called upon us to turn our thoughts 
 another way, to renounce the world, to 
 deny ourfelves, 'and to commend ourfclves 
 into the merciful hands of our moft graci- 
 pus God. To this purpofe we prefently fell 
 
 we came to take them, did climb up into proftrate, and with joined prayers lent up 
 
 trees to hide themfelves, whither we were 
 enforced to climb after them, if we would 
 have them, which we would not flick to 
 do rather than to be without them. This 
 iflartd we called Crab-ijland. 
 
 All necefTary caufes of our ftaying lon 
 ger in this place being at laft finifhed, our 
 general prepared to be in a' readinefs to 
 
 VOL. II. 
 
 unto the throne of grace, humbly befought 
 Almighty God to extend his mercy unto 
 us in his Son Chrift Jefns , and fo prepa 
 ring as it were our necks unto the block, 
 we every minute expeded the final ftrokc 
 to be given unto us. 
 
 Notwithftanding that we expected no 
 thing but imminent death, yet (that we 
 6 E might 
 
474 
 
 The World Encompaffed 
 
 might not feem to tempt God, by leaving 
 any fecond means unactempted which he 
 afforded) prefencly, as foon as prayers were 
 ended, our general ("exhorting us to have 
 the efpecialleft care of the better part, to 
 ivit, the Soul, and adding many comfort 
 able fpeeches of the joys of that other life 
 which we now looked for) encouraged us 
 all to beftir ourfelves, fhewing us the 
 way thereto by his own example , and 
 firft of all the pump being well plied, 
 and the fhip freed of water, we found 
 our leaks to be nothing increafed ; which, 
 though it gave us no hope of deliverance, 
 yet it gave us fome hope of refpite, info- 
 much as it allured us that the bulk was 
 , found, which truly we acknowledged to 
 be an immediate providence of God alone, 
 infomuch as no ftrength of wood and 
 iron could have pofiibly born fo hard 
 and violent a fhock, as eur fhip did, 
 darning herfelf under full fail againft the 
 rocks, except the extraordinary hand of 
 God had fupported the fame. / 
 
 Our next eflay was for good ground 
 and anchor - hold to feaward of us 
 (whereon to hale) by which means, if by 
 any, our general put us in comfort, that 
 there was yet left fome hope to clear our 
 felves ; in his own perfon, he therefore 
 undertook the charge of founding, and 
 but evqn a boat's length from the fhip, he 
 found that the bottom could not by any 
 length of line be reached unto ; fo that the 
 beginnings of hope, which we were wil 
 ling to have conceived before, were by 
 this means quite dafh'd again ; yea, our 
 mifery feemed to be increafed ; for whereas, 
 at firft, we could look for nothing but a 
 prefent end, that expectation was now 
 turned into the awaiting for a lingring 
 death, of the two, the far more fearful to 
 be chofen : one thing fell out happily for 
 us, that the moft of our men did not con 
 ceive this thing, which had they' done, 
 they would, in all likelihood, have been 
 fo much difcouraged, that their forrow 
 would the more difable them to have 
 fought the remedy , our general, with 
 thofe few others that could judge of the 
 event wifely, diffembling the fame, and 
 giving , in the mean time , chearful 
 fpeeches, and good encouragements unto 
 the.reft. 
 
 For whilft it feemed to be a clear cafe, 
 that our fhip was fo faft moored that me 
 could not ftir; it necefiarily followed, that 
 either we were there to remain on the place 
 with her, or elfe leaving her, to commit 
 ourfelves in a moft poor and helplefs ftate 
 to feek fome other place of ftay and re 
 fuge, the better of which two choices did 
 carry with it the appearance of worfe than 
 a thoufand deaths. 
 
 As touching our fhip, this was the 
 comfort that me could -give us, that fhe 
 herfelf lying there confined already upon 
 the hard and pinching rocks, did tell us 
 plain, that me continually expected her 
 fpeedy difpatch, as foon as the fea and 
 winds mould come to be the fevere exe 
 cutioners of that heavy judgment, by the 
 appointment of the eternal judge already 
 given upon her, who had commited her 
 there to adamantine bonds , in a moft 
 narrow prifon, againft their coming for 
 that purpofe , fo that if we would ftay 
 with her, we muft perifh with her : or 
 if any, by any yet unperceivable means, 
 mould chance to be delivered, his efcape 
 muft needs be a perpetual mifery, it be 
 ing far better to have perifhed together^ 
 than with the lofs and abfence of his 
 friends to live in a ftrange land -, whe 
 ther a folitary life (the better choice) 
 among wild beafts , as a bird on the 
 mountains, without all comfort, or a- 
 mong the barbarous people of the hea 
 then, in intolerable bondage both of body 
 and mind. 
 
 And put the cafe that her day of de- 
 ftruction mould be deferred longer than 
 either reafon could perfuadc us, or in any 
 likelihood could feem poffible (it being 
 not the power of earthly things to endure 
 what me had fuffered already) yet could 
 our abode there profit us nothing but 
 increafe our wretchednefs and enlarge our 
 forrows ; for as her ftore and victuals 
 were not much (fufficient to fuftain us 
 only fome few days, without hop'e of ha 
 ving any increafe, no not fo much as a 
 cup of cold water) fo muft it inevita 
 bly come to pafs, that we (as children 
 in the mother's womb) mould be driven 
 even to eat the flefh from off our own 
 arms , fhe being no longer able to fu 
 ftain us ; and how horrible a thing this 
 would have proved, is eafy by any one to 
 be perceived. 
 
 And whither (had we departed from 
 her) mould we have received any com 
 fort ? nay, the very impoffibility of going 
 appeared to be no lefs than thofe other 
 before mentioned : our boat was by no 
 means able at once to carry above 20 
 perfons with any fafety , and we were 
 58 in all ; the neareft land was fix leagues 
 from us, and the wind from the fhore 
 directly bent againft us ; or mould we 
 have thought of fetting fome amore, 
 and after that to have fetched the reft, 
 there being no place thereabout without 
 inhabitants , the firft that' had landed - 
 muft firft have fallen into the hand of 
 the enemy , and fo the reft in order ; 
 and though perhaps we might efcape the 
 fword, yet would our life have been worfe 
 
 than 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 475 
 
 than death, not alone in refpecl of our 
 woful captivity and bodily miferies, but 
 moft of all in refped of our chriftian 
 liberty, being to be deprived of all pub- 
 lick means of ferving the true God, 
 and continually grieved with the horri 
 ble impieties and devilifli idolatries of the 
 Heathen. 
 
 Our mifery being thus manifeft , the 
 very consideration whereof muft needs 
 have fhaken flefh and blood, if faith in 
 God's promifes had not mightily fuftained 
 us, we patted the night with earheft long 
 ings that the day would once appear, the 
 mean time we fpent in often prayers and 
 other godly exercifes, thereby comforting 
 ourfelves and refrefhing our hearts, ftri- 
 ving to bring ourfelves to an humble fub- 
 miffion under the hand of God, and to a 
 referring ourfelves wholly to his good will 
 and pleafure. 
 
 The day therefore at length appearing, 
 and it being almoft full fea about that time, 
 after we had given thanks to God for his 
 forbearing of us hitherto, and had with 
 tears called upon him to blefs our la 
 bours; we again renewed our travel, to 
 fee if we could now poffibly find any an 
 chor-hold, which we had formerly fought 
 in vain : but this fecond attempt proved 
 as fruitlefs as the former, and left us no 
 thing to truft to but prayers and tears, fee 
 ing it appeared impoffible that ever the 
 forecaft, counfel, policy, or power of 
 man could ever effeft the delivery of our 
 fhip, except the Lord only miraculoufly 
 fhould do the fame. 
 
 It was therefore prefently motioned, and 
 by general voice determined to commend 
 our cafe to God alone, leaving ourfelves 
 wholly in his hand, to fpill or fave us, as 
 feems bed to his gracious wifdom. And 
 that our faith might be the better ftrength- 
 ned, and the comfortable apprehenfion of 
 God's mercy in Chrift be more -clearly 
 felt, we had a fermon, and the facrament 
 of the body and blood of our Saviour ce 
 lebrated. 
 
 After this fweet repaft was thus receiv 
 ed, and other holy exercifes adjoined were 
 ended, left we fhould feem guilty in any 
 refpecl: for ufmg all lawful means we 
 could invent ; we fell to one other 
 practice yet uneflayed, to wit, to unload 
 ing of our fhip by cafting fome of her 
 goods into the fea ; which thing, as it was 
 attempted moft willingly, fo was it dif- 
 patched in very fliort time. So that even, 
 thole things which we before this time nor 
 any other in our cafe could be without, 
 did now feem as things only worthy to be 
 defpifed j yea, we were herein fo forward, 
 that neither our munition for defence, nor 
 
 the very meal for fuftentation of our lives 
 could find favour with us, but every thing, 
 as it firft came to hand, went overboard j 
 affuring ourfelves of this, that if it plea- 
 fed God once to deliver us out of that moft 
 defperate ftrait wherein we were, he would 
 fight for us againft our enemies, neither 
 would he fuffer us to perifh for want of 
 bread. But when all was done, it was not 
 any of our endeavours, but God's only 
 hand that wrought our delivery ; 'twas he 
 alone that brought us even under the very 
 ftroke of death ; 'twas he alone that faid 
 unto us, Return again ye fons of men \ 'twas 
 he alone that fet us at liberty again, that 
 made us fafe and free, after that we had 
 remained in the former miferable con 
 dition the full fpace of twenty hours 5 
 to his glorious name be thq eveflafting 
 praife. 
 
 The manner of our delivery (for the 
 relation of it will efpecially be expedted) 
 was only this. The place whereon we fat 
 fo faft was a firm rock, in a cleft whereof 
 it was we ftuck on the larboard fide , at 
 low water there was not above fix foot 
 depth in all on the (larboard, within little 
 dilrance, as you have heard, ho bottom to 
 be found ; the breeze, during the whole 
 time that we thus were ftay'd, blew fome- 
 what ftiff directly againft our broadfide, 
 and fo, per force, kept the ihip upright : 
 it pleafed God, in the beginning of the 
 tide, while the water was yet alrtloft at 
 lowed, to flack the ftiffnefs of the wind i 
 and now our fhip, who required thirteen 
 foot water to make her fleet, and had not 
 at that time, on the one fide, above feven 
 at moft, wanting her prop on the other 
 fide, which had too long already kept her 
 up, fell a heeling towards the deep water, 
 and by that means freed her keel and made 
 us glad' men. 
 
 This Ihoal is, at leaft, three or four 
 leagues in length ; it lies in two degr. lack-" 
 ing three or four minutes fouth latitude. 
 The day of this deliverance was the tenth 
 of 'January. 
 
 Of all the dangers that in our whole 
 voyage we met with, this was the greateft i 
 but it was not the laft, as may appear by 
 what enfueth. Neither could we indeed, 
 for a long feafon, free ourfelves from the 
 continual care and fear of them ; nor could 
 we ever come to any Convenient anchor 
 ing, but were continually, for the moft 
 part , tofs'd amongft the many iflands 
 and fhoals (which lye in infinite num 
 ber round about on the fouth parts of Cele 
 bes] till the eight-h day of the 'following 
 month. 
 
 Jan. 12. being not able to bear our 
 fails by reafon of the tempcft, and fearing 
 
 of 
 
47^ 
 
 The World Encompajjed 
 
 of the dangers, we let fall our anchors 
 upon a fhoal in 3 degr. 30 min. Jan. 14. 
 we were gotten a little farther fouth, where, 
 at an ifland in 4 degr. 6 min. we again 
 caft anchor, and fpent a day in watering 
 and wooding. After this we met with 
 foul weather, wefterly winds, and dange 
 rous fhoals for many days together ; in- 
 fomuch , that we were utterly weary of 
 this coaft of Silebis, and thought beft to 
 bear with Timor. The fouthermoft cape 
 of Silebis ftands in five degn that fide 
 the line. 
 
 But of this coaft of Silebis we could not 
 fo eafily clear ourfelves. "The aoth of 
 January we were forced to run with a fmall 
 ifland not far from thence ; where having 
 fent our boat a good diftance from us .to 
 fearch out a place where we might anchor, 
 we were fuddenly environed with no fmall 
 extremities , for there arofe a moft violent, 
 yea, an intolerable flaw and ftorm out of 
 the fouth weft againft us, making us (who 
 were on a lee-fljore amongft moft dange 
 rous and hidden fhoals) 'to fear extremely 
 not only the lofs of our boat and men, 
 but the prefent lofs of ourfelves, our (hip 
 and goods, or the cafting of thofe men 
 whom God mould fpare into the hands of 
 ' infidels. Which mifery could not by any 
 power or induftry of ours have been avoid 
 ed, if the merciful goodnefs of God had 
 not (by flaying the outragious extremities 
 wherewith we were fet upon) wrought 
 our prefent delivery, by whofe unfpeakable 
 mercy our men and boat alfo were unex 
 pectedly, yet fafely, reftored unto us. 
 
 We gat off from this place as well as 
 we could, and continued on our courfe till 
 the 26th day, when the wind took us very 
 ftrong againft us, weft and weft fouth- 
 weft, fo as that we could bear no more 
 fail till the end of that month was full 
 expired. 
 
 February i. we faw very high land, 
 and, as it feemed, well inhabited -, we . 
 would fain have born with it to have got 
 fome fuccour, but the weather was fo ill, 
 that we could find no harbour, and we 
 were very fearful of adventuring ourfelves 
 too far amongft the many dangers which 
 were near the more. The third day alfo 
 we faw a little ifland, but being unable to 
 bear any fail, but only to lie at hull, we 
 were by the ftorm carried away, and could 
 not fetch it. February 6. 'we faw five 
 iflands, one of them towards the eaft, and 
 four towards the weft of us, one bigger 
 than another, at the biggeft of which we 
 caft anchor, and the next day watered and 
 wooded. 
 
 After we had gone hence on February 
 8. we defcried two canoes, who having 
 
 defcried us as it feems before, came wil 
 lingly unto us, and talked with us, alluring 
 and conducting us to their town not .far 
 off, named Baratma ; it ftands in 7 degr. 
 13 min. fouth the line. 
 
 The people are Gentiles of handfome 
 body and comely ftature, of civil demea 
 nor, very juft in dealing, and courteous 
 to ftrangers; of all which we had evident 
 proof, they fhewing themfelves moft glad 
 of our coming, and chearfully ready to 
 relieve our wants with whatfoever their 
 country could afford. The men go all 
 naked, fave their heads and fecret parts, 
 every one having one thing or other 
 hanging at his ears. Their women are 
 covered from the .middle to the foot, wear 
 ing upon their naked arms bracelets, and 
 that in no fmall number, fome having nine, 
 at leaft, upon each arm, made for the 
 moft part of horn or brafs, whereof the 
 lighteft (by our eftimation) would weigh 
 two ounces. 
 
 With this people linnen cloth (whereof 
 they make rolls for their heads, and girdles 
 to wear about their loins) is the beft mer 
 chandize, and of greateft eftimation. They 
 are alfo much delighted with Margaretas 
 (which in their language they call Saleta) 
 and.fuch other like, trifles. 
 
 Their ifland is both rich and fruitful, 
 rich in gold, filver, copper, tin, fulphur, 
 &c. neither are they only expert to try 
 thofe metals, but very fkilful alfo in work 
 ing of them artificially into divers forms 
 and fhapes, as pleafeth them beft. Their 
 fruits are divers likewife, and plentiful, as 
 nutmegs, ginger, long-pepper, lemons, 
 cucumbers, cocoes, figs, fagoe, with di 
 vers other forts, whereof we had one in 
 reafonable quantity, in bignefs, form, and 
 huik, much like a bay-berry, hard in fub- 
 ftance but pleafant in tafte, which being 
 fod, becometh foft, and is a moft profi 
 table and nourifhing meat; of each of thefe 
 we received of them whatfoever we defired 
 for our need ; infomuch, that (fuch was 
 God's gracious goodnefs to us) the old 
 proverb was verify'd with us, After a ftorm 
 cometh a calm ; after war peace ; after fear- 
 city followetb plenty ; fo that in all our 
 voyage (Terenate only excepted) from our 
 departure out of our own country hitherto, 
 we found not any where greater comfort 
 and refrefhing than we did at this time in 
 this place, in refrefhing and furnifhing our 
 felves ; here we fpent two days, and de 
 parted hence February 10. 
 
 When we were come into the height of 
 8 degr. 4 min. Feb. 12. in the morning 
 we efpied a green ifland to the fouthward ; 
 not long aften, two other iflands on the 
 fame fide, and a great one- more towards 
 
 the 
 
by Sir FRANCIS DRAKE. 
 
 477 
 
 the north ; they Teemed all to be well in 
 habited, but we had neither need nor de- 
 fire to go to vifit them, and fo we pafs'd by 
 them. The i4th day we faw fome other 
 reafonable big iflands, and February 16. 
 we pafs'd between four or five big iflands 
 more, which lay in the height 9 degr. 
 40 min. 
 
 The 1 8th we caft anchor under a little 
 iflandj whence we departed again the day 
 following; we wooded here^ but other 
 relief except two turtles we received 
 none, : . 
 
 The 2 ad day we loft fight of three ifiands 
 on our ftarboard fide, which lay in ten degi 
 and fome odd minutes. 
 
 After this, we pafs'd.on to the weftward 
 without ftay, or any thing to be taken 
 notice of till the ninth of March, when in 
 the morning we efpied land, fome part 
 thereof very high in 8 degr. 20 min. fouth 
 latitude ; here we anchored that night, 
 and the next day weighed again, and bear 
 ing farther north, and nearer the fhore, we 
 came to anchor the fecond time. 
 
 The eleventh of March we firft took in 
 water, and after fent our boat again to 
 fhore, where we had traffick with the 
 people of the country , whereupon the 
 fame day, we brought our (hip more near 
 the town ; and having fettled ourfelves 
 there that night, the next day our general 
 fent his man afhore, to prefent the king 
 with certain cloth both linnen and woollen, 
 befides fome filks, which he gladly and 
 thankfully received, and returned rice, 
 cocoas, hens, and other victuals in way 
 of recompence. This ifland we found to 
 be the ifland Java, the middle whereof 
 ftands in 7 degr. and 30 min. beyond the 
 equator. 
 
 The 1 3th of March our general him- 
 felf, with many of his gentlemen, and 
 others, went to fhore, and prefented the 
 king (of whom he was joyfully and loving 
 ly received) with his'mufick, and fhewed 
 him the manner of our ufe of arms, by 
 training his men with their pikes and other 
 weapons which they had before him ; for 
 the prefent we were entertained as we de- 
 fired, and at lad difmified with a promife 
 of more victuals to be fhortly fent us. 
 
 In this ifland there is one chief, but 
 many under-governors or petty-kings , 
 whom they call Raias, who live in great 
 l&miliarity and friendfhip one with another. 
 The 1 4th day we received victuals from 
 two of them, and the day after that, to 
 wit, the 1 5th, three of thefe kings, in their 
 own perfons, came aboard to fee our ge 
 neral, and to view our fhip and warlike 
 munition. They were well pleafed with 
 what they faw, and with the entertain 
 ment which we gave them. And after 
 
 VOL. II, 
 
 thefe had been with, us, and on their re 
 turn had, as it feems, related what they 
 found, Raia Donan, the chief king of the 
 whole land, bringing victuals with him 
 for our relief, he alib the next day after 
 came aboard us. Few were the days that 
 one or more of thefe kings did mifs to vifit 
 us, infomuch, that we grew acquainted 
 with the names of many of them, as of 
 Raia Pataira, Raia Cabocapalla , Raia 
 Mangbango, Raia Bocabarra, Raia Tim- 
 Canton ; whom our general always enter 
 tained with the beft cheer that we could 
 make, and fhewed them all the commo 
 dities of our fhip, with our ordnance, and 
 other arms and weapons, and the feveral 
 furnitures belonging to each, and the ufes 
 for which they ferved, his mufick alfo, 
 and all things elfe, whereby he might do 
 them pleafure, wherein they took exceed 
 ing great delight with admiration. 
 
 One day amongft the reft, viz. March 
 21. Raia Donan coming aboard us$ in re 
 quital of our mufick which was made to 
 him, prefented our general with his coun 
 try mufick, which though it were of a very 
 ftrange kind, yet the found was pleafant 
 and delightful : the fame day he caufed an 
 ox alfo to be brought to the water's fide, 
 and deliver'd to us ; for which he was, to 
 his content, rewarded by our general with 
 divers forts of very coftly filks, which he 
 held in great efteem: 
 
 Though our often giving entertainment 
 in this manner did hinder us much in the 
 fpeedy difpatching of our bufinefs , and 
 made us fpend the more days about them, 
 yet here we found all fuch convenient 
 helps, that, to our contents, we at laft 
 ended them : the matter of great impor 
 tance which we did (befides victualling) 
 was the new trimming and warning of our 
 fhip, which, by reafon of our long voyage, 
 was fo overgrown with a kind of a fhell- 
 fifh flicking faft unto her, that it hindred 
 exceedingly, and was a great trouble to her 
 failing. 
 
 The people (as are their kings) are a 
 loving, a very true and juft dealing people. 
 We trafficked with them for hens, goats, 
 cocoas, plantains, and other kind of victu 
 als, which they offered us in fuch plenty 
 that we might have laden our fhip if we 
 had needed. 
 
 We took our leaves and departed from 
 them the 26th of March, and fet our courfe 
 weft fouth-weft, directly towards the cape 
 of Good Hope, or Eon Efperance, and con 
 tinued without touch of ought , but air 
 and water, till the 21 ft of May, when we 
 efpied land (to wit, a part of the main, 
 Africa) in fome places very high, under the 
 latitude of 3 1 degr. and a half. 
 
47.3 
 
 World Encompaffed, &c. 
 
 We coafted along till June 15. on which 
 day, having very iair weather, and the 
 wind at fouth-eaft, we pafs'd the cape it- 
 felf fo near in fight, that we had been 
 able with our pieces to have fhot to land. 
 
 July i<j. we fell with the land again 
 about Rio dk fefto, or Rio Grande, where 
 we faw many Negroes in their boats a fifti- 
 ing, whereof two came very near us, but 
 we cared not to ftay, nor had any talk or 
 dealing with them. 
 
 The 22d of the fame month we came 
 to Sierra Leona, and fpent two days for 
 watering in the mouth of ^agoine, and 
 then put to fea again; here alfo we had 
 oyfters, and plenty of lemons, which gave 
 us good refrefhing. 
 
 We found ourfelves under the tropick 
 of Cancer^ Anguft 15. having the wind at 
 north-eaft, and we 50 leagues off from the 
 neareft land. 
 
 The 22d day we were in the height of 
 the Canaries. 
 
 And the 2 6th of September (which was 
 Monday in the juft and ordinary reckoning 
 of thofe that had flayed at home in one 
 place or country, but in our computation 
 was the Lord's-day or Sunday) we fafeJy, 
 with joyful minds and thankful hearts to 
 God, arrived at PKmoutb, the place of our 
 firft fetting forth, after we had fpent 2 years 
 10 months, and fomefew odd days befide, 
 in feeing the wonders of the Lord in the 
 deep, in difcovering fo many admirable 
 things, in going through with fo many 
 ftrange adventures, in efcaping out of fb 
 many dangers, and overcoming fo many 
 difficulties in this our encompafling of this 
 nether globe, and pafling round about the 
 world, which we have related. 
 
 Soli rerum maximarum Ejffeftori t 
 Soli totius mundi Gubernatori y 
 Soli fuorum Conjervatori y 
 Soli Deo fit femper Gloria. 
 
 A General 
 
 
479 
 
 A General ACCOUNT 
 
 O F 
 
 A F R I C A. 
 
 APR 1C A, one of the four quar 
 ters of the world, next in big- 
 nefs to Europe, by the ancients 
 had feveral names ; Olympia, 
 Ammonis Ortygina ; but the moft noted, 
 Apher, from a nephew, it's faid, of Abra 
 ham's. It extends from about 36 N. to as 
 many degrees of fouthern latitude ; and 
 excepting Egypt, Barbary, Morocco, and 
 in this laft Age the coafl of Guinea, is a 
 country as little known as any part of the 
 globe. Marmol fays, the Arabians in the 
 400 of the Hegyra paffed into Afric and 
 divided it. This is certain, that it has 
 many fine large rivers, fome of them na 
 vigable for fhips. Along the banks of 
 thefe rivers, the inhabitants abound with 
 millet, rice, pulfe, or Indian-corn. The 
 further we depart from Morocco on this 
 weft fide, or Egypt on the eaft, there is 
 always found lefs induflry and more igno 
 rance : for governments, tho 5 never fo ty 
 rannical, are better than none, extending 
 fome improvement to humanity. 
 
 The Niger, which is one of the largeft 
 rivers in Africa, is faid to have the fame 
 property of overflowing every year, like 
 Nil?, remunerating to the inland parts- a 
 vaft fertility and increafe ; and this very 
 probably, becaufe it has been traced fome 
 hundred leagues, and by the courfe de- 
 fcends from the Ethiopian mountains, the 
 common fountain of both. 
 
 The Semga and Gambia, branches of 
 this great river, difgorge here at the wind 
 ward part of Guinea ; they are large ri 
 vers, driving confiderable trade : to the 
 former of thefe, the king of Morocco ex 
 tended his dominions, about 1526, by the 
 conqueft of the kingdom of 1'ombuto, which 
 ftill continues tributary, and whence that 
 kjrig raifes confiderable Negro armies, his 
 chief Strength. A college of the fed of 
 
 Haly is founded in Melli, a kingdom up 
 on this river. They have many croco 
 diles or alligators, lea-horfes, and marks 
 in them. Senega affords great quantity of 
 gum -, and at Gambia begin our factories 
 for flaves, teeth, and gold, on which this 
 general remark, That the flaves there, fa 
 ring fofter from a better foil, are not fo 
 hardy as thofe lower down. The teeth 
 are as large, and in as much plenty, as ac 
 any one part of the whole coaft ; thofe ta 
 ken out of the fea-horfe are fmall, not 
 weighing above five or fix pounds, but 
 more folid than the elephant's. And laft- 
 ly, their gold is current in what the tra 
 ders call bars, little twitted lengths, or in 
 rings of 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 j. value. 
 
 All the great rivers flow and ebb regu 
 larly, being governed by the moon, as 
 the tides on our own coafts ; but the fan- 
 dinefs of the foil, and nearnefs of the fun, 
 makes the country between fo extremely 
 dry, that they have great fcarcity of wa 
 ter for an hundred miles an end fome- 
 times ; and this drought is what brings 
 the beafts of all forts in droves to the 
 banks for fatisfying third, (tygers, pan 
 thers, leopards," antelope* elephants, apes, 
 oftriches, &c.} From which accident, fay 
 they, might probably have happened the 
 many Hebridous productions that have made 
 this country the proverb of all ages ; it 
 continually producing fomething new or 
 monftrous. 
 
 Their chief diet is Indian corn, rice, 
 palm-nuts, bananas, yams, pine-apples, 
 and now and then a little fifh, or a fowl ; 
 all which thro' ignorance, and want of ne- 
 ceflaries, are very flovenly cooked by 
 them. 
 
 Africa is almoft a triangle in fhape ; the 
 kingdoms on the north are Mahometans ; 
 and in the trading towns of Barbary and 
 
 Turky, 
 
480 A general Account of A F R i c A. 
 
 furky t there is a little mixture of Jews, nigher his paftorfliip, have fince their 
 
 On the eaftern line next Perfia are faid to conqueft by the Turks, in a manner loft 
 
 be fome of the fedl of Gaurs, followers of their Chriftianity ; poverty and ignorance, 
 
 Zoroaftes, a very learned Perfian philofo- the confequence of captivity, having obli- 
 
 pher, that appeared, according to Dr. terated the outward pomp, which, next to 
 
 Prideaux, about 2300 years ago : he in- power, is the main pillar in all religions, 
 
 ftituted fire-worfhip, and eftablimed it by Inland, and to the fouthern extremity, they 
 
 a fuperior cunning, through moft parts of are Pagans. And on this weftern line (the 
 
 Perfia and India, where there are ftill Negroes} all truft to the Gregory or Feti/h ; 
 
 fome left, poor and defpifed, (called Per- which in the bulk of it means no more 
 
 fees} fince the feventh century, when the than what we in Europe call Charms, which 
 
 Mahometans over-run that country, and in many refpects carries ftrong fuperftition, 
 
 almoft extinguifiied them. In ^Ethiopia that is, a vain religion in it ; only their 
 
 (Pre/ier John's country) writers fay, are a confecrated materials having more reve- 
 
 fort of Chriftians, ftill acknowledging the rence from their ignorance and fear, work 
 
 patriarch of Alexandria ; merely nominal more ftupendous effefts ; or are imagined 
 
 I believe, for the Greeks themfelves, much to do fo, which is the fame thing.