UCSB LIBRARY
 
 THE " CANYNGE " 
 
 TO 
 
 ant) 
 
 BRISTOL : 
 
 Printed and Published by JKKFEKIKS &. SONS, (Janyage Buildings. 
 
 1878.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 All taints' Church, Clifton .. 24 
 
 Alnishouses 18 
 
 Banks 10, 11, 19 
 
 Baths and Wash-houses ... 19 
 
 Bethestla Chapel 14 
 
 Blind Asylum... < 14 
 
 Brandon Hill 20 
 
 Bridges 7, 20 
 
 ."Suspension 21 
 
 Bristol Library and Museum 14 
 
 Cabs 4 
 
 Canyuges' House 21 
 
 Cathedral 12-13 
 
 Cattle Market 22 
 
 Cemeteries 30 
 
 Chapels ... 28-29 
 
 Chapter House 12 
 
 Charity Trustees 30 
 
 Chatterton 20 
 
 Christmas Stepa 31 
 
 Churches 22-23 
 
 Clifton College 10-31 
 
 Clittuu Down Railway 17 
 
 College, Baptist 30 
 
 Clifton it)-31 
 
 University 32- 
 
 College Green 12 
 
 Colston Hall 32 
 
 School 32-33 
 
 Commercial Rooms 10 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Conduits and Fountains ... 33 
 
 Cook's Folly 34 
 
 Corn Street 10 
 
 Corporation 3 
 
 Council House 9 
 
 County 3 
 
 Deaf and Dumb Institution... 15 
 
 Dispensarj' ...- 34 
 
 Docks ... 30 
 
 ,, Avonmouth 30 
 
 ,, Portishead 36 
 
 Downs 5 
 
 ,, Durdham and Clifton 1? 
 
 Exchange 10 
 
 Fine Arts Academy 10 
 
 Floating Harbour 35 
 
 Floor-cloth Works 5 
 
 Gaol 34 
 
 Giant's Cave 41 
 
 Grammar School 15 
 
 Guildhall 35 
 
 Highbury Church 16 
 
 High Street 8 
 
 Hotels 38 
 
 Hospital, Children's 37 
 
 ,, General 38 
 
 Royal Infirmary ... 38 
 
 St. Peters' 37 
 
 Industrial School ... +. ... 38 
 
 King Square 39
 
 TACK. 
 
 Leigh Woods 39 
 
 Libraries, Free 39 
 
 ,, Bristol (subscription) 14 
 ,, Baptist College ... 30 
 
 Lovers' Walk 39 
 
 Mansion House 40 
 
 Manufactories 40 
 
 Markets 10 
 
 Mayor's Chapel 13 
 
 Neptune 6 
 
 Newspapers 8, 41 
 
 Observatory 41 
 
 Orphan Asylum 41 
 
 Orphan Houses 41, 42 
 
 Police Stations 42 
 
 Population 3 
 
 Queen Elizabeth's Hospital 15, 36 
 
 Queen's Road 15 
 
 Queen Square 42,43 
 
 Railways 4,44 
 
 Eedcliff Street -.. 7 
 
 Red Maids' School 45 
 
 Riots .. 43 
 
 Route to Down 
 
 School Board 
 
 St. Mary-le-port Church 
 St. Mary Eedcliff Church 6, 
 St. Raphael's Church ... 
 St. Stephen's Church ... 
 
 Statues 
 
 Temple Church 
 
 Theatres 
 
 Tobacco Factories 
 
 Trade School 
 
 Trinity Wesley an Chapel 
 
 Turkish Baths 
 
 Tyndale Chapel 
 
 Victoria Rooms 
 
 Victoria Street 
 
 Volunteer Artillery U round 
 
 Club 
 
 Water Works 
 
 Wherries 
 
 White Ladies' Road 
 Zoological Gardens 10, 
 
 PAG 
 
 .. 1, 
 
 45 
 8 
 
 25 
 24 
 11 
 47 
 () 
 47 
 
 17 
 \'.t 
 17 
 15 
 
 (i 
 16 
 14 
 
 3 
 
 17, 35
 
 *jft*, \ \/>' 
 
 ^r:2^K 
 
 -s#>- \\ *,, 
 
 3^-^5>v. //// J 
 
 ^ U>% 7 ^-t<l . 
 
 ^r~Sv^E> " 
 
 x/^c\ 
 
 ^Vse> 
 
 f /*&$ 
 
 ** ^ry > 
 
 ^ X/ ^/' 
 
 * /
 
 ^F R M TH E 
 
 RAILWAY S
 
 THE " CANYNGE " 
 
 CONCISE GUIDE 
 
 TO 
 
 BRISTOL and SUBURBS. 
 
 RISTOL, the chief city in the West of England, 
 was for centuries the second town in the kingdom; 
 in A.D. 1373 it was made a county, and in A.D. 1542 
 a city; it lies between Somersetshire & Gloucestershire, 
 upon the river Avon, audits jurisdiction extends from 
 Hanham to the Steep and the Flat Holmes in the 
 Bristol Channel. The city has charter privileges that 
 are extensive and ancient. The corporate body con- 
 sists of a Mayor, sixteen Aldermen, and forty-eight 
 Town Councillors; a Recorder, High Sheriff', Town 
 Clerk, Treasurer, Coroner, &c., &c. The Duke of 
 Beaufort is Lord High Steward, and it is represented 
 in Parliament by two members; Samuel Morley and 
 Kirkman D. Hodgson, Esqrs., being the present re- 
 presentatives. Its population is estimated at 207,000. 
 Its mean temperature is 48. Its water supply is from 
 the Mendips, the reservoirs being at Chewton, Harp- 
 tree, and Barrow Gurney.
 
 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 The Hallways in and out of Bristol are the 
 
 BRISTOL AND CLIFTON EXTENSION. 
 
 BRISTOL HARBOUR RAILWAY. 
 
 BRISTOL AND NORTH SOMERSET. 
 
 BRISTOL AND PORTISHEAD. 
 
 BRISTOL PORT RAILWAY AND PIER (Avonmouth). 
 
 GREAT WESTERN: 
 
 MAIN LINE, Paddington to Exeter. 
 WILTS AND DORSET. 
 SOUTH WALES UNION. 
 CHEDDAR VALLEY. 
 DEVON AND SOMERSET. 
 
 MIDLAND :- 
 
 MAIN LINE, to Gloucester, Birmingham, &c. 
 BRANCH TO BATH. 
 
 There is a regular communication with New York, 
 by the Great Western Line, consisting of powerful, 
 fast stearn ships ; also, to all the chief ports of Devon, 
 Cornwall, Lancashire, Wales, Ireland, and Scotland. 
 
 The Cabs are well appointed, and the fares fixed. 
 The Tram Cars run from the centre of the city to the 
 Downs for two-pence per head ; the other routes are 
 from the Downs to Stapleton, and from the Old Market 
 to Kingswood.
 
 r ? ' 

 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 
 
 Wherries are licensed to ply on the Floating 
 Harbour at fixed fares. 
 
 The picturesque beauty of the narrow-gabled 
 streets, for which Bristol was once famed, has, to a 
 great extent, disappeared, the alleys and lanes are 
 being intersected in every direction by broad and 
 noble thoroughfares, and the city is spreading over the 
 adjoining hills, quadrupling its size, and adding 
 largely thereby to the healthiness of its population. 
 
 We purpose, in " Canynge's Guide to Bristol," to 
 enable a stranger coming into the city to follow 
 a route through its chief streets from the Railway 
 Terminus to the Downs (the site of the Royal 
 Agricultural Show); to note in passing the principal 
 edifices, streets, &c.; also, by means of references upon 
 the plan, to enable him to find his way to those places 
 that lie wide of the defined route. Descriptions of 
 these will be found in subsequent pages. 
 
 Starting from the front of the Clock Tower of the 
 Railway Terminus, we descend the incline, having 
 before us the large Floor Cloth works of the Messrs. 
 Hare ; we now turn to the right hand, and pass under 
 the Viaduct of the Harbour Railway. Close to the 
 Viaduct, on the left hand are Portwall Lane and Pile 
 Street, which lead to St. Mary Redcliff Church, and its
 
 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 far-famed Muniment Room. We, however, follow the 
 
 Muniment Boom, Redcliff Church. 
 
 main thoroughfare, Victoria Street ; upon our left are 
 the New Roman Catholic Chapel and Schools, Levy's 
 Glass Works, &c.; upon the right, the show rooms of 
 the Bristol Wagon Works Co.; further on, the Temple 
 Colston Schools and the New Counterslip Baptist 
 Chapel stand on either hand of the intersection with 
 Old Temple Street. The statue of Neptune at this 
 junction was given by a tradesman of the parish, in 
 1588, to commemorate the destruction of the Spanish 
 Armada. The leaning Church Tower on the right 
 hand is that of Temple Church, founded A.D. 1145. 
 The tower is four feet out of the perpendicular ; the 
 upper part is of more recent construction than the 
 lower, and dates from about 1460.
 
 To Bristol and Suburb*. 
 
 Temple Street on the right leads to Covmterslip Sugar Refinery, 
 St. Philip's Bridge, St. Philip's Church, the large Soap and 
 other Manufactories, Gas Works, &c., situated in the densely 
 populated district of St. Philip's. 
 
 The lofty buildings on the left hand are the 
 premises of Messrs. Wills and Williams, and further 
 on the building with the domed tower at the corner 
 of the street is the wholesale warehouse of Messrs. 
 E. S. & A. Eobinson ; nearly opposite to these are the 
 premises occupied by the Capital and Counties Bank 
 and the Royal Talbot Hotel. Bath Street, at the foot 
 of Bristol Bridge, on the right hand, leads to St. Philip's 
 Bridge. 
 
 Kedcliff Street, which is on the left hand, contains several Tobacco 
 Factories, notably those of Messrs. VV. D. & H. 0. Wills, 
 Purnell, Webb and Co., and of the present Mayor of Bristol ; 
 Canynge's House, the well known Book Emporium of Messrs. 
 Jefferies and Sons ; St. Mary Redcliff Church stands 'jpon 
 the hill at its southern extremity ; and across the New Cut, 
 still further to the south, lies the populous parish of Bed- 
 minster. St. Raphael's Church, of notorious fame, the New 
 Gaol, and the General Hospital are situated on the North 
 bank of the !N ew Cut. 
 
 Bristol Bridge crosses the Floating Harbour; 
 upon the Northern shore stands St. Nicholas Church, 
 which dates from Saxon days ; the present building 
 is, however, of modern date. 
 
 The Quay bank here, is known as the Welsh Back ; it leads to 
 Queen Square, the Old Theatre, and the City Library, 
 Prince St. Bridge, &c. Baldwin Street was built in the fosse 
 of the wall of the ancient city, and Nicholas Street, to the 
 north of St. Nicholas Church, was part of the inner space 
 kept clear for manning the walls; in this street is the Fish
 
 iit' Ouide 
 
 Market. On the right hand of the bridge foot Bridge 
 Street leads up the hill to St. Peter's Church, St. 
 Peter's Hospital, and so on, by Castle Street and the 
 Old Market Street, to Kaaton, Stapleton, Kingswood, &c. 
 
 High Street commences at the bridge foot, and 
 extends as far as the four ways, where once stood the 
 High Cross ; half-way up the High Street the quaint 
 old gabled thoroughfare of St. Mary-le-port St. leads to 
 the Church of the same name, once the Mother Church 
 of the Port; this building is loth century work, on 
 the site of a Church of the llth or 12th century. In 
 it may be seen a fine old brass eagle lectern that once 
 belonged to the Cathedral. Opposite to St. Mary-le- 
 port Street is the arcaded entrance to the Markets. 
 The London and South -Western Bank is at the upper 
 left hand corner of High Street, and at the opposite 
 corner is a curious framed building known as the 
 Castle Bank. The tradition is that this house, as well 
 as the two that adjoined it, was brought in one ship 
 from Amsterdam and re-erected. 
 
 Of the four streets at whose junction we have now arrived, the 
 one immediately before us, leading northwards, is Broad 
 Street; it contains, on the left hand, the Western Daily 
 Press, Bristol Evening News, and Observer Offices, the Bank 
 of England and the Guildhall ; on the right are Christ Church, 
 the Grand Hotel, the Bristol Mercury & Daily Post Office, and 
 St. John's Lane, which leads to the Central Police Station. St. 
 James's Church, the Presbyterian Church, the Young Men's 
 Christian Association, St. James's Square, Cumberland 
 Street, Brunswick Square, Portland Square, and so on to 
 the Hook's Mills Orphan Asylum, Ashley Hill, and the far- 
 famed Muller's Orphan Houses.
 
 To Bristol and Suburb*. 
 
 At the bottom of Broad Street stands the Church of St. John 
 the Baptist ; its tower is pierced with arches for the street ; 
 this Church dates from the 12th century, and was one of 
 several that were built upon the first wall of the fortified 
 burgh. Passing through the arch we have the Stone Bridge 
 and the Roman Catholic Church of St. Mary on the left 
 hand, Nelson Street on our right, and before us Christmas 
 Street, Christmas Steps, leading up to St. Michael's Hill, 
 the Children's Hospital, Kedland, Royal Infirmary, and 
 Cothani, &c. 
 
 Wine Street, on our right hand from the Cross, is one of the 
 chief business streets in the city ; the shops are palatial, 
 and its wealth enormous. A beautiful old doorway of 
 perpendicular work, adjoining Messrs. Jones's premises, leads 
 into the old Guard-house passage ; opposite to this once 
 stood, in the middle of the street, the Pillory and the Corn 
 Market. Wine Street leads to Union Street, Broadmead, &c. 
 
 Continuing our route to the Downs, we, at the 
 cross ways, turn sharply to the left hand into Corn 
 Street. The first building on our right is the Council 
 House, with the court of Petty Sessions annexed ; over 
 its front is a fine statue of Justice by E. H. Baily, 
 R.A. ; the building is by Sir R. Sinirke ; it was erected 
 in 1827, at a cost of 14,000. It contains a few pictures 
 of great value, notably one of the Earl of Pembroke by 
 Vandyck. The city swords, maces, and plate are also 
 of great rarity and worth. One item, a silver gilt 
 salver, presented by Alderman Kitchen in 1573, has 
 had a curious history. During the riot of 1831 it was 
 stolen, and cut by the thief into a great number of 
 small fragments ; on offering some of these for sale, he 
 was detected, was tried and transported ; 1C7 bits were 
 recovered, only 3 small portions were missing, and 
 the whole were skilfully re-united, making the salver 
 intrinsically of far higher value than before.
 
 10 ' Canynge ' Concise Gu'ule 
 
 The next building is the West of England and 
 South Wales District Bank. Its sculptured front is 
 most elaborate, and its interior arrangements are, for 
 banking purposes, perfect. It was built in 1857. 
 Opposite, with its entrance in All Saints' Lane, is the 
 Church of All Saints ; it has some curious portions of 
 the original Norman structure still remaining, and 
 contains the tomb of Colston, and a fine statue, by 
 Rysbach, of that famed Bristol philanthropist. Close 
 by the door is one of the ancient conduits. The 
 Exchange was built by Wood, of Bath, in 1743 ; it cost 
 50,000 ; the inner quadrangle has been within these 
 few years covered with a handsome glass roof. The 
 four singular brass pillars in front of the Exchange 
 originally stood in the Tolzey; they were set up in their 
 present position in 1771. The proverb " down on the 
 nail " arose from the practice of paying upon these 
 pillars ready money for purchases. 
 
 The Markets are behind the Exchange. In the Street opposite 
 are the Post Office, built A.D. 1868 ; the offices of the Bristol 
 Times and Mirror and Felix Farley's Journal ; the west 
 front of the New Law Courts, A.D. 1870; the Law Library, 
 which contains some portions of Colston's House ; the 
 Bristol Water Works ; and the County Court Offices. 
 
 The London and South- Western Bank having 
 acquired the site upon which, until 1878, stood the 
 Church of St. Werburgh, the proprietors are erecting 
 a handsome structure thereon. The building ad- 
 joining, with a fine Ionic portico, is the Commerciaj 
 Rooms, next to which is the handsome front of the
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 11 
 
 Royal Insurance Buildings, A.D. 1864 ; then comes the 
 Old Bank, now amalgamated with that of Messrs. 
 Miles & Harford, and known as the Bank of Miles, 
 Cave, and Co. The West of England Fire and Life 
 Insurance Offices follow ; next to which is the neat 
 front of the National Provincial Bank. The above are 
 all upon our right hand. Upon the left, opposite 
 Small Street, are the Bank Chambers, the Lancashire, 
 the London & Lancashire, the Imperial, the Liverpool 
 and London and Globe Insurance Offices, together 
 with the Athenaeum Reading Room and Library, the 
 Wilts and Dorset and Messrs. Stuckey's Banks ; these 
 bring us into Clare Street, which is a continuation of 
 the line of Corn Street, to the Drawbridge. 
 
 
 
 St. Stephen's Church is recessed a few yards out 
 of the street upon the right hand; its noble tower, with 
 its elaborate parapet and pinnacles, is exceedingly 
 beautiful. Under its shadow is the oldest Savings 
 Bank in the kingdom. 
 
 Crossing the Floating Harbour by the Draw- 
 bridge, we come upon one of the termini of the 
 Tramways ; the cars run from hence to within a few 
 hundred yards of the Downs. 
 
 The route is by Colston Street, Perry Road, Park Row, &c., 
 they pass Colston Hall, the Red Lodge, Jews' Synagogue, 
 Certified Industrial School, Bristol University College, and 
 the New Theatre.
 
 12 ' Canynge ' Concise 
 
 Pedestrians, however, must turn to the left, ascend- 
 ing into College Green, leaving upon the right Denmark 
 Street, down which is the Red Maids' School, and, 
 passing on the green the Church of St. Augustine, the 
 Royal Hotel, the Civic Cross, with its statue of Edward 
 III , erected in 1850, they will reach the Cathedral. 
 This building was founded A.D. 1140 ; it was originally 
 the Church of the College of St. Augustine ; it became 
 a Cathedral A.D. 1542. The structure has undergone 
 considerable changes, the most important being the 
 recent reconstruction of the Nave, and the erection of 
 the two West Towers. A special feature of this Cathe- 
 dral is the equal height of the vaulted ceiling of the 
 aisles with that of the choir and the nave. 
 
 The chief points of this Cathedral and its sur- 
 roundings are the Anglo-Norman Chapter House, with 
 its pillared vestibule, dancette mouldings, and groined 
 vaulting ; the Norman archway to the Abbot's House ; 
 the large gateway leading from College Green into the 
 lower green ; and the staircase in the Cathedral leading 
 to the Clerestory. Also, the elegant shafts, with early 
 English Capitals, in the Elder Lady Chapel in the 
 Cathedral opening from the North Transept; the 
 Choir and Chancel (early decorated) ; the beautiful 
 Jesse window ; the Lady Chapel at the S.E. end ; the 
 Berkeley Chapel, with its singular vestibule ; and the 
 Newton Chapel, with Chantry and other tombs, at the 
 west end of the south aisle.
 
 I
 
 To hrixti.,1 and Siiliitrbx. 13 
 
 The new Nave is 123 ft. long, 66ft. Sin. broad. 
 The new Towers (that at the North is dedicated to 
 Bishop Butler) are 135 ft. in height, the old central 
 Tower is 127 ft. The Western elevation is excellent 
 in deeply splayed mouldings ; the new North Porch 
 is also very beautiful it was the gift of W. K. Wait, 
 Esq., M.P. for Gloucester. The Berkeley Tombs and 
 Monuments, the Saxon carved stone found under the 
 Chapter House floor, the " Cadaver " that covers the 
 remains of its first Bishop, the Miserere carvings of 
 the stall seats are all objects of great interest, and 
 will repay careful examination. Divine Service is held 
 twice a day; on Sundays at 10.30 and 3.30, and on 
 week days at 10 and 4. The cost of the rebuilding 
 has been about 50,000. 
 
 The road in front of the Cathedral, running west, leads to Cum- 
 berland Basin (the entrance from the Avon into the 
 Floating Harbour), the Zigzag, Suspension Bridge, Clifton 
 and Durdham Downs, the Zoological Gardens, &c., &c. 
 
 Opposite to the Cathedral stands the Church of 
 St. Mark, better known as the Mayor's Chapel, founded 
 A.D, 1220 ; the interior is very beautiful. Behind this 
 Church is the site occupied at present by the Bristol 
 Grammar School. Bartholomew's Turkish Baths are 
 situated on the left hand side of the Viaduct by which 
 we reach Park Street. The building upon our left at the 
 foot of the hill, with a portico, is the Freemasons' Hall, 
 built fora Scientific Institution in A.D. 1820 ; the frieze 
 is by E. H. Baily, R. A.
 
 14 ' Cattynge ' Concine Guide 
 
 In the first street as we ascend the hill, on our left 
 hand, at the top of a broad flight of steps, stands the 
 Church of St. George, and at the further end of the 
 same street is Bethesda Chapel, in which Mr. Muller 
 preaches. 
 
 The Church facing the top of Park Street is that 
 of the Blind Asylum ; the buildings occupy three sides 
 of a square ; sixty inmates herein find a home, and are 
 instructed in various trades. This building is open to 
 the public on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays, 
 from 11 to 12 a.m., and from 2 to 4 p.m. On Monday 
 afternoons, at 3 o'clock, the inmates give a concert to 
 the visitors. 
 
 The Volunteer Club, the headquarters of the 
 Bristol Rifles, is the next edifice ; originally it was the 
 Bishop's College ; the large Drill Hall, 150 ft. by 40 ft., 
 stands between it and the Bristol Library and Museum. 
 This handsome institution is supported by subscription. 
 The Library was founded A.D. 1772 ; the Bristol Insti- 
 tution for the Promotion of Science and Art was founded 
 iri 1822 ; since their amalgamation, and removal to the 
 present site, this Museum and Library has been de- 
 servedly successful. It is rich in geological specimens, 
 and has a fair collection of objects of Natural History, 
 besides a noble Library of 40,000 volumes. 
 
 Upon the left hand road leading west we see Berkeley Square ; 
 behind it is Brandon Hill, with its Russian cannon on the 
 nag crowned summit. About 200 yards further on down

 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 15 
 
 the hill stands Queen Elizabeth's Hospital, opposite to 
 which are Hill's Almshouses ; a little further down upon 
 the right hand are the Model Lodging Houses. Whilst 
 upon the hill top on the right hand we see the Convent of 
 St. Katherine and the unfinished Roman Catholic Cathedral. 
 
 N.B. This road is a short but very steep way to Clifton, by 
 Clifton Church. 
 
 The route now lies along the Queen's Road, passing 
 the Royal Promenade, at No. 19 of which is the 
 Young Women's Christian Association. On the right 
 hand, facing Tyndall's Park, in the recess by the Queen's 
 Hotel, is the Deaf and Dumb Institution, open to 
 visitors on Tuesdays from 10 to 12.30 a.m., and from 
 2 to 4 p.m. 
 
 On a beautiful site in Tyndall's Park, comprising 
 5 acres, the new buildings of the Bristol Grammar 
 School, founded in the loth century by the Thornes 
 (father and son), are conspicuous. Two Scholarships 
 of 100 each at St. John's, Oxford, and Exhibitions in 
 the Universities worth some 500 per annum, are 
 attached to this most successful school. 
 
 The road to the Downs now bears to the right ; 
 before us is the noble front of the Yictoria Rooms, on 
 one of the finest sites in Clifton ; its facade at the head 
 of the broad steps is supported on Corinthian columns ; 
 the carvings on the pediment represent the " Advent 
 of Morning." This building was erected in 1840, and
 
 16 ' Canynge ' Concute Guide 
 
 cost 20,000; its saloon measures 117ft. by 55 ft., and 
 contains a fine organ from St. Paul's Cathedral, 
 London. 
 
 The road upon the left of the Victoria Rooms leads to (Jliftoii, 
 passing Buckingham Baptist Chapel, Clifton Church, Victoria 
 Square, Christ Church, Clifton Down Congregational Church, 
 the Suspension Bridge, Clifton Down Hotel, St. Vincent's 
 Rocks Hotel, to the Zigzag, and the Observatory on 
 Clifton Down. 
 
 Continuing our route up White Ladies' Road, we 
 note upon our right the Bristol Fine Arts Academy, 
 erected in 1858. It contains a small collection o* 
 paintings, and three large pictures by Hogarth, once 
 in St. Mary Redcliff Church. An Exhibition of modern 
 Pictures is held here every year in March. The 
 Government School of Art is upon the ground floor. 
 The next building is the Victoria Wesleyan Chapel. 
 
 Passing this the first road upon our right hand leads to Highbury 
 Congregational Church, built upon the site where the 
 Martyrs were burned in the reign of Queen Mary, and 
 whereon afterwards stood the city gallows. 
 
 Victoria Park Road upon the left leads to Clifton. &c., "via" 
 St. Paul's Church. 
 
 Passing the Volunteer Artillery Ground upon our 
 left hand we come to 
 
 Oakfield Road on the same side ; herein are the Oaktield Road 
 Unitarian Church and Pembroke Road Congregational 
 Church, after passing which this road bends northward to 
 the Downs, passing the celebrated Church of All Saints, 
 Clifton, and Emmanuel Church, the Zoological Gardens, and 
 the Clifton College.
 
 To Brmtol and Suburbs. 17 
 
 We now reach the Clifton Down Station of the 
 Bristol and Clifton Extension Kailway, which, by a 
 tunnel 1740 yards in length under the Downs, connects 
 the Avonmouth Docks with the network of lines be- 
 longing to the Midland and Great Western Railways. 
 
 Tyndale Baptist Chapel is the next building of 
 note ; it is upon our right ; it was opened in 1867, and 
 cost 8,000. 
 
 Trinity Wesleyan Chapel follows, and then the 
 spire of Redland Park Congregational Church is seen 
 opposite nearly to which is the Church of St. John the 
 Evangelist, at the corner of Apsley Road. 
 
 Apsley Road leads to Clifton College and the Zoological Gardens. 
 
 We have now reached the Black Boy Hill, on the 
 brow of Durdham Down before us are two roads ; that 
 on the right leads to Westbury-on-Trym, the other is 
 the Stoke Road, and the space between these two is 
 the spot occupied in 1878 by the Royal Agricultural 
 Society of England. 
 
 Durdham Down contains 212 acres, and Clifton 
 Down 230 acres ; the property belongs to the citizens 
 of Bristol, being secured to them by Act of Parliament. 
 
 The panoramic view from these Downs is unsur- 
 passed ; it embraces Lansdown, Kelston, Roundhill,
 
 18 ' '''ani/nge ' Coiiriw Guide 
 
 English Coombe, Stanton Bury, Maes Knoll, Leigh 
 Woods, the Avon in its winding gorge, Portishead, the 
 Formidable, Kingroad, the Denny, Welsh Mountains, 
 Blaize Castle, Kingsweston, &c., &c. 
 
 public fmlbing0, $kce0 ot 
 
 ALMSHOUSES. 
 
 Bristol is famed for the number and excellence of 
 these Asylums for the aged, who, by stress of circum- 
 stances, have been reduced to indigence. 
 
 All Saints', All Saints' Street 8 aged females, 5/3 per 
 
 week, and gifts. 
 
 Baptist, Milk Street 5 aged females, 4/- per week. 
 Bruton's, Long Row 16 aged widows, 5/- and extras. 
 Colston's, St. Michael's Hill 12 men and 16 women, 
 
 10/- and 7/- per week. 
 Foster's, Colston Street 13 men, 15 women, 6/- and 
 
 extras. 
 
 Hill's, Jacob's Wells- 
 House of Mercy, Colston's Parade 8 women, 3/- 
 
 weekly. 
 Merchants,' King Street 19 seamen, 12 sailors' 
 
 widows, 10/- and 6/- 
 Merchant Tailors, Merchant Street 9 persons, 6/- ; 
 
 (said to be free.)
 
 To Bristol ami Suburbs. 19 
 
 Redcliff Hill 14 persons, 2/- andl/6 per week. 
 Redcliff Poor House 11 persons, 2/3 and 2/- per week 
 Ridley's, Milk Street 5 men, 5 women, 4/6 per week. 
 Spencer's, Lewin's Mead 16 persons, 2/6 per week. 
 Stevens's, Temple Street 12 women, 4/- per week. 
 St. James's, Whitsun Street 12 women, 4/- per week. 
 St. John Baptist, Steep Street 7 women, 8/5 and 
 
 extras. 
 
 St. Nicholas, King Street 16 women, sundry sums. 
 St. Raphael's, New Cut 
 Trinity, (two hospitals), Old Market 44 women, 12 
 
 men, 6/- and extras. 
 
 Unitarian, Stokes' Croft 12 women, 3/4 per week. 
 White's, Temple Street 32 persons, 6/- per week. 
 
 BANKS. 
 
 These are, the Branch Bank of England, in Broad 
 Street ; Capital and Counties Bank, Victoria Street ; 
 the London and South- Western, High Street ; Miles, 
 Cave, and Co.; the National Provincial Bank; Stuckey's 
 Bank ; the West of England and South Wales District 
 Bank ; the Wilts and Dorset Bank, in Corn Street ; 
 and the Savings Bank in St. Stephen's Avenue. 
 
 BATHS AND WASH-HOUSES. 
 
 Well fitted with newest appliances, large swim- 
 ming and tepid baths one on the Weir ; another at 
 the Mayor's Paddock, New Cut. 
 
 B2
 
 20 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 BRANDON HILL 
 
 Is the conical hill, crowned with battlements and 
 Russian cannon, that dominates the Cathedral ; the 
 ascent of Park Street is over a spur of this hill, once 
 known as Bullock's Park. It is 250 ft. high, and the 
 reserved ground, 25 acres in extent, is the property of 
 the Mayor and Sheriffs of Bristol, the citizens having- 
 the right reserved to them of drying clothes thereon. 
 The tradition that Queen Elizabeth gave the Bristol 
 washerwomen this privilege, to compensate them in 
 some degree for their great ugliness, may be placed in 
 the same category as another tradition, viz., that it 
 was from its summit that Oliver Cromwell battered 
 down the Cathedral. Neither of them contains a 
 
 vestige of truth. 
 
 BRIDGES. 
 
 Bristol Bridge ; St. Philip's Bridge ; Prince's 
 Bridge, over that part of the Floating Harbour once the 
 river Avon; the Drawbridge, over that part of the 
 Froom enlarged into part of the harbour A.D. 1247 ; 
 Stone Bridge, at the now covered end of the Froom ; 
 Wade's or Traitor's Bridge, over the Froom ; and the 
 Marsh Bridge ; Hill's or Bath Bridge ; and Bedminster 
 Bridge, over the New Cut, now the river Avon. There 
 are, of course, bridges over the several locks that en- 
 close the harbour ; and, last of all, that magnificent 
 structure, the Suspension Bridge.
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 21 
 
 SUSPENSION BRIDGE. 
 
 Opened in December, 1864 ; built by a company ; 
 this bridge will support a burden of 7,000 tons ; it 
 weighs 1,500 tons; the span is 702 ft. 3 in. ; its height 
 from low water mark is 287 ft. ; it cost over 100,000. 
 
 CANYNGES' HOUSE. 
 
 This interesting relic of domestic architecture of 
 the end of the 14th century, is the home in which WM. 
 CANYNGES, the younger, resided ; it was built probably 
 by either his father John or his grandfather, the elder 
 William. It had originally a handsome west front, a 
 tower, and bay windows with ornamented arched roofs. 
 On the right hand, upon the ground floor, is the 
 Monks' cellar, together with a number of other rooms, 
 connected by long passages, but containing no special 
 feature. Over the Monks' cellar is the Banqueting 
 room in which Canynges feasted King Edward IV. 
 Evidence of its former splendour may still be traced in 
 the colour, gilding, relics etc., and in its windows. 
 It is now used as a Printing Office. 
 
 The Hall, with its finely carved roof, by some called 
 " The Chapel," forms a portion of the shop, and is 
 well stored with the gathered knowledge of " the ages." 
 
 Immediately behind the Hall is a lowly ceiled room 
 'Canynges' Parlour;" its original floor of encaustic
 
 22 ' Camjnge ' Concise Guide 
 
 tiles is carefully preserved under a wooden floor. 
 This room is quaintly fitted up with carved oaken fur- 
 niture, a very fine Jacobean mantelpiece, book-case, 
 with old Bibles, and many a relic of Ancient Bristol. 
 
 These extensive premises have a world- wide repu- 
 tation, and the Book Catalogues of Messrs. C. T. Jefferies 
 and Sons are as Avell-known on the other side of the 
 Atlantic as they are in England. Visitors on pre- 
 senting their cards are always welcome. 
 
 Lies East, adjoining the Railway Station at Temple 
 Meads. It was opened in 1830 ; it will accommodate 
 nearly 9,000 head of stock. Market Day, Thursday. 
 
 CHCJRCHES. 
 
 The principal are 
 
 All Saints', Corn Street, 
 
 All Saints', Pembroke Road, Clifton. 
 
 Blind Asylum, Park Street. 
 
 Cathedral, College Green. 
 
 Christ Church, Broad Street. 
 
 Christ Church, Clifton Down. 
 
 Clifton Parish Church of St. Andrew, Clifton Hill. 
 
 Emanuel, College Road, Clifton. 
 
 Emanuel, the Dings. 
 
 Guthrie Memorial, Clifton College.
 
 TV Bftxti.il "ml tinlnirl>*. 23 
 
 Hensman Memorial, Merchants' Road, Victoria Square. 
 
 Mayor's Chapel (St. Mark's), College Green, 
 
 Redland Green. 
 
 St. Andrew's, Montpelier. 
 
 St. Augustine, St. Augustine's Parade. 
 
 St. Bartholomew, Union Street. 
 
 St. Clement, Newfoundland Street. 
 
 St. George, Great George Street. 
 
 St. James, Haymarket. 
 
 St. James (the Less), Maudlin Street. 
 
 St. John Baptist, Bedminster. 
 
 St. John Baptist, Broad Street. 
 
 St. John the Evangelist, White Ladies' Road. 
 
 St. Jude, Bullring. 
 
 St. Luke, Bedminster. 
 
 St. Mary Redcliff. 
 
 St. Mary-le-Port. 
 
 St. Matthew, and St. Nathaniel, Gotham. 
 
 St. Nicholas, Bristol Bridge. 
 
 St. Paul, Bedminster. 
 
 St. Paul, Portland Square. 
 
 St. Paul, Yictoria Park Road, Clifton. 
 
 St. Peter, Peter Street. 
 
 St. Raphael, New Cut. 
 
 St. Stephen, Clare Street. 
 
 St. Thomas, Thomas Street. 
 
 St. Werburgh, Baptist Mills. 
 
 Temple, Temple Street. 
 
 Trinity, West Street, St. Philip's.
 
 24 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 ALL SAINTS' CHURCH, 
 
 Pembroke Road, Clifton. This Church, with a ritual 
 of the highest character, has more architectural beauty 
 (though at present in an unfinished state) than 
 any other modern Bristol ecclesiastical edifice. It 
 cost above 37,000, all of which, to the credit of 
 the worshippers, has been raised by their voluntary 
 offerings. It was consecrated in June, 1868. 
 
 ST. RAPHAEL'S, 
 
 Or the Sailors' Memorial Church, with its little corri- 
 dored nest of Almshouses, is a neat decorated Gothic 
 building, situated on the northern bank of the New 
 Cut, a little to the west of the city gaol. It was 
 built by the Rev. W. H. Miles, and cost 10,000. 
 
 For many years its ritual has been of the highest 
 character; latterly the Bishop of Gloucester and 
 Bristol has withdrawn the license, and now its doors 
 are closed. 
 
 ST. MARY REDCLIPF CHURCH. 
 
 " Thou seeest this inaysterie of a human hand, 
 The pride of Bristowe and the Westerne Land." 
 
 Queen Bess termed this " the fairest, the goodliest, 
 and the most famous Parish Church in England." 
 
 A competent authority, in writing of it, says, " It 
 surpasses most of the Cathedrals and Conventual
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 25 
 
 Churches of England in symmetry of design, in harmony 
 and in unity of character, in rich and elaborate adorn- 
 ment, in the picturesque composition of exterior forms 
 and parts, and in the fascinating combination of clus- 
 tered pillars, mullioned windows, panelled walls, and 
 groined ribbed ceilings of the interior ; I know of no 
 building to compare with it in all these features in 
 Great Britain, and I feel assured that there is none 
 superior in graceful design and beauty of detail in all 
 civilised Europe." 
 
 This beautiful church, with its richly decorated 
 tower, lofty steeple, pierced parapets, flying buttresses, 
 and magnificent north porch, has been the growth 
 of centuries. Redcliff Church is first mentioned in 
 A.D. 1207, when Lord Robert Berkeley gave it a 
 conduit. Indulgences were granted as early as 1232, 
 to those who made pilgrimage to it. In 1293 Simon 
 de Burton, it is said, began to rebuild it. The exquisite 
 inner North porch is, however, of earlier date, say 
 "circa" A.D. 1240. The elder William Canynge 
 who was six times Mayor of Bristol, carried on the 
 building until his death, A.D. 1396. 
 
 Another Wm. Canynge, who also was five times 
 Mayor, with the help of other townsmen may be said 
 to have again rebuilt it, after the destruction of its 
 spire, and part of its roof, by a terrible storm of light- 
 ning and wind, A.D. 1445.
 
 26 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 In recent times the North porch has been restored, 
 at a cost of 2,535, by " Nil Desperandum" (the late 
 Alderman Thomas Proctor). The spire is 285 feet 
 high, it cost 5,500, and was finished during the 
 Mayoralty of Mr. Alderman W. Proctor Baker, A.D., 
 1872, who, with his courageous wife, ascended to lay 
 the top stone on this noble Church. During the last 
 30 years upwards of 40,000 has been expended. It is 
 cruciform, having lofty vaulted transepts that equal 
 in height the Nave and the Choir. The length of the 
 Church, to the end of the Nave is 240 feet ; the Tran- 
 sept is 117 feet ; the height of the Nave is 54 feet 9 in.; 
 that of the Aisles 25 feet ; the 1,220 bosses are multi- 
 form and beautiful. There is an old Font in the 
 exquisite Lady Chapel, and a very fine one at the 
 West end ; several ancient brasses are preserved, stone 
 effigies of Canynge and his Wife, of Wm. Canynge the 
 younger, in his ecclesiastical robes, and of some one 
 traditionally said to be his almoner, also a mailed 
 warrior of the 13th century. In the North Transept 
 there is a beautiful reredos of Caen Stone, by 
 G. Godwin, F.S.A., that cost 800; a fine Organ 
 by Vowles, having 2,110 pipes; a well carved 
 oaken pulpit, and a large number of memorial 
 windows, all of which, together with Penn's Armour, 
 the rib of the so-called "Dun Cow," the muniment 
 room, in which the " marvellous boy " said he dis- 
 covered the Eowley M.S. will be described by the 
 courteous Sacristan. The Church is open every day.
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 27 
 
 In unconsecrated ground on the North East side 
 of the church is a modern Monument erected in 
 memory of the poet Chatterton. 
 
 Thomas Chatterton was the posthumous child of 
 a subchanter at the Cathedral, who was also master of 
 Pyle Street School. He was born November 20, A.D., 
 1752. At 8 years of age he became a Colston school- 
 boy. **He Ee&. school in July, 1767, having been deemed 
 a dull boy ; he was apprenticed to Mr. Lambert, an 
 attorney, and it was while in his service that he pro- 
 fessed to have discovered in " Mr. Canynges' cofre " 
 the famous MSS. of Thomas Rowley, a priest, who 
 had lived in Bristol during the reigns of Henry VI. 
 and Edward IV. 
 
 Possessed of an inventive genius, a fertile imagin- 
 ation, and a most rare poetic faculty ; he now began 
 his literary career, forging antique MSS. with a skill 
 that deceived the cognoscenti of the day, and startling 
 the literary world with historic lore, heraldic pedigree, 
 sweet songs and ballads clothed in a language to all 
 appearance at least three centuries old. 
 
 Dissatisfied with his position in Bristol where he 
 had made some good friends, whom, however, he 
 treated scurvily he rushed off' to London, full of 
 dreams of riches and greatness, to be achieved by his 
 pen.
 
 28 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 Too soon, alas, were his fond illusions scattered to 
 the winds ; in a few short months, in spite of his un- 
 wearied industry, he found himself in a state of abso- 
 lute starvation, which he ended by taking poison; 
 having only reached the age of seventeen years and 
 nine months. 
 
 After his premature death, most learned battles 
 were fought over his remains, and even to the present 
 day many believe in that mythical creation of his 
 teeming brain, Thomas Rowley. 
 
 CHAPELS. 
 The principal are 
 
 Arley, Congregational, Arley Hill. 
 
 Bethesda, Brethren, Alma Vale, Clifton. 
 
 Bethesda, Brethren, Great George Street. 
 
 Broadmead, Baptist. 
 
 Brunswick, Congregational, Brunswick Square. 
 
 Buckingham, Baptist, Queen's Road. 
 
 Castle Green, Congregational. 
 
 Cathedral, Roman Catholic, Clifton. 
 
 City Road, Baptist. 
 
 Clifton Down, Congregational. 
 
 Gotham Grove, Baptist, near Lovers' Walk. 
 
 David Thomas Memorial, Congregational, Bishopston. 
 
 Friend's Meeting House, Rosemary Street. 
 
 Gideon, Congregational, Newfoundland Street.
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 29 
 
 Highbury, Congregational, Gotham New Road, St. 
 
 Michael's Hill. 
 
 Hebron, United Methodist Free Church, Bedminster. 
 Jews' Synagogue, Park Row. 
 King Street, Baptist. 
 King Street, Wesleyan. 
 Lewin's Mead, Unitarian. 
 Lodge Street, Congregational. 
 Milk Street, United Methodist Free Church. 
 Moravian, Maudlin Street. 
 Old Market, Wesleyan. 
 Pembroke, Congregational, Oakfield Road. 
 Philip Street, Baptist, Bedminster. 
 Presbyterian, St. James's Churchyard. 
 Primitive Methodist, Bedminster. 
 Primitive Methodist, Eastville. 
 Redland Park, Congregational. 
 St. Mary, Roman Catholic, Stone Bridge. 
 St. Nicholas, Roman Catholic, Penny well Road. 
 Salem, Brethren, St. Augustine's Parade. 
 Stapleton Road, Congregational. 
 Trinity, Wesleyan, White Ladies' Road. 
 Tyndall, Baptist, White Ladies' Road. 
 Tabernacle, Penn Street. 
 Unity and Orchard Street, Brethren. 
 Victoria, Wesleyan, White Ladies' Road. 
 Welsh Baptist, Maudlin Street. 
 Welsh Calvinistic, Broadmead. 
 Wesleyan, Bedminster.
 
 30 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 Wesleyan, Totterdown. 
 
 Zion, Congregational, Bedminster Bridge. 
 
 BAPTIST COLLEGE, 
 
 For the training of students belonging to the denom- 
 ination for the ministry. The library contains some 
 treasures, notably, the only known copy of Tyndale's 
 New Testament, and Cooper's miniature portrait, on 
 ivory, of Oliver Cromwell. 
 
 CEMETERIES. 
 
 There are three the Bristol General Cemetery, 
 Arno's Vale, a lovely spot on the lower Bath Road ; 
 St. Mary Redcliff, on the opposite side of the road ; 
 and the Greenbank Cemetery, on the N.E. of the 
 
 city. 
 
 CHARITY TRUSTEES, Queen Square. 
 
 These gentlemen, twenty in number, selected from 
 amongst the most eminent of the citizens of Bristol, 
 without regard to party or sect, dispense annually, 
 with great care and judgment, more than 23,000 out 
 of properties left at divers times to the citizens of 
 Bristol. 
 
 In conjunction with seven other selected citizens, 
 they are Governors of the Bristol Grammar School, 
 and of the City School, or Queen Elizabeth's 
 Hospital.
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 31 
 
 In conjunction with six selected citizens, and 
 four selected ladies, they are Governors of the Red 
 Maids' School. 
 
 CHRISTMAS STEPS 
 
 Lead from Christmas Street to the upper end of 
 Colston Street, St. Michael's Hill, Perry Road, Clifton, 
 etc., etc. There is a Tablet above the Stone Seats on 
 the left hand side, in the end of the little Chapel of 
 Foster's Almhouses, which bears the following inscrip- 
 tion, partly effaced : 
 
 This Street was stoppered, done, and finished September 1669. The 
 right Worshipful Thomas Stevens, Esqr., then Mayor. 
 Humphry Little, and Richard Hart, Sherriffes, the right 
 Worshipful Robert Yeamans, Knight and Baronet, Mayor 
 elect, Charles Powell and Edward Home, Sherriffes elect, of 
 this Citty. 
 
 By, and at the cost of, Jonathan Blackwell, Esqr., formerly Sheriffe 
 of this Citty, and afterwards Alderman of the Citty of London, 
 and by ye said Sir Robert Yeamans, when Mayor and Alder- 
 man of this Citty. Named Queen Streete. 
 
 CLIFTON COLLEGE 
 
 Was founded in 1862 by a Company, and has been 
 most successful. The Tower and Chapel are memo- 
 rials of the late Canon Guthrie. 
 
 This College, beautifully situated in its extensive 
 grounds, possesses a Gymnasium, Winter and Summer 
 Swimming Baths, open Racquet and Fives Court, Shops
 
 32 ' Co.nyn.ge, ' Concise Ouide 
 
 for mechanical tastes, Botanical Garden, Lecture 
 Rooms, Laboratories, etc., besides Commodious School- 
 rooms for senior and junior Scholars. 
 
 BRISTOL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE 
 
 Was opened in 1876, in temporary premises in Park 
 Row; its object is to give a higher education in 
 technical science to young people, of both sexes, whose 
 means are insufficient to carry them through the older 
 universities. 
 
 COLSTON HALL 
 
 Is built on the site of the Carmelite Friary. This was 
 afterwards occupied by the Great House, which be- 
 came the Colston School, until this latter was removed 
 to more salubrious premises at Stapleton. The Large 
 Hall of this building will accommodate 2650 persons 
 sitting, or 6000 standing. It is 146 feet long, 80 feet 
 wide, and 70 feet high. 
 
 The Lesser Hall can seat 700, and the smallest Hall 
 on the ground floor, 400. The Organ cost 3000 ; it is by 
 Willis, of London. It is blown by hydraulic powei^ 
 has four manuals, and sixty draw stops. This build- 
 ing cost more than 50,000. 
 
 COLSTON SCHOOL. 
 
 This school, founded by the great philanthropist 
 of Bristol, in 1708, for 100 boys to be clothed, fed, and
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 33 
 
 educated in reading, writing, arithmetic, and the 
 Church Catechism, until they are 14 years old, and 
 then to have 10 allowed each as an apprenticeship 
 fee, was removed, in 1859, to Stapleton Episcopal 
 Palace, which had been bought by the Society of 
 Merchant Venturers, as Governors of this Hospital. 
 An education more in accord with modern days is 
 now bestowed upon the boys, and eligible lads are in 
 addition taken as boarders at very moderate fees. 
 
 CONDUITS AND FOUNTAINS. 
 
 The Conduits belong to the old regime. Those at 
 present in use are the All Saints', close by the Church 
 door ; Redcliff, A.D. 1207, under the shadow of the 
 west end of the Church ; St. John's, close to the Church 
 in Nelson Street ; and the Quay Pipe near the Stone 
 Bridge. 
 
 The Fountains are very numerous. The first was 
 erected in June, 1859. Those that chiefly merit notice 
 are the handsome one erected by the late Alderman 
 Proctor, opposite the New Mansion House, at the 
 junction of the cross ways near the Zoological Gardens ; 
 one on the Downs, near the Clifton Down Hotel 
 another erected near the site occupied, in 1874, by the 
 Bath and West of England Agricultural Society ; one 
 in the Haymarket ; and one at the end of St. Nicholas 
 Church.
 
 34 ' Canynge ' Concise <ln'l<' 
 
 COOK'S FOLLY. 
 
 The legend runs that a gentleman named Cook, of 
 whose unborn son, and only child, a gipsy had fore- 
 told the death, by some secret foe, before his 21st 
 birthday, built this tower, and shut him therein for 
 safety. All went well until the very last day of the 
 21st year, when the young man was bitten to death 
 by a viper which had crept into the faggot of sticks 
 that he drew up into the tower for firewood. 
 
 THE DISPENSARY 
 
 In Castle Green, is a most valuable institution, doing 
 
 a good work. 
 
 GAOL. 
 
 The New Gaol, which has just passed under 
 Government control, was finished in 1820. It is so 
 constructed that the Governor's house commands un- 
 restricted views of the whole of the prison yards. The 
 Governor, Mr. J. H. Gardner, utilised the labour of the 
 prisoners, and, by the products of their industry, built 
 and furnished, free of cost to the city, an admirably 
 constructed prison chapel, the estimated value of 
 which is 3,500. The same gentleman also provided 
 an organ, at the cost of 350. 
 
 The Gaol cost the citizens some 60,000 ; it was 
 partially destroyed by the Rioters in 1831.
 
 To Br'iatol and Suburbs. 35 
 
 Lawford's Gate Prison, although within the city 
 boundary, belongs to the county of Gloucester. 
 
 THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS 
 
 Contain the largest and best selection of beasts, birds, 
 and reptiles out of London. The recreation grounds, 
 gymnasium, lake, and aquatic birds make it a favourite 
 resort. Admission, 6d. Open every day. 
 
 THE GUILDHALL, 
 
 BroadStreet, erected 1846; a building in the Tudor style, 
 with statues of Victoria; Edward III. ; Charles II. ; 
 Foster, the Recorder ; Colston ; and Dunning, the 
 Recorder. 
 
 "THE FLOATING HARBOUR 
 
 Is a tortuous part of the old river Avon, which 
 originally ran between the ancient City and the popu- 
 lous suburb of RedclifT, Thomas, and Temple. From 
 a bend in the river at Totterdown, to another bend 
 at the Red Cliff, a new Channel was cut for the Avon, 
 in 1803-9. Gates and Locks were thrown across each 
 end of the severed river, and thus 82 acres of water, 
 having an average depth of perhaps 20 feet, were se- 
 cured in the very heart of the city. This floating 
 dock is crossed by two bridges (Bristol, and Prince) 
 besides those at the extremities (Totterdown, and Cum- 
 berland Basin). Three ferry boats ply at intermediate 
 
 C2
 
 36 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide. 
 
 stairs. The New Cut is rather less than two miles in 
 length ; it is crossed by Hill's Bridge, more commonly 
 known as Bath Bridge, near the Railway Station, and 
 Bedminster Bridge. Three Ferries also ply on this 
 water. About half-way, it communicates through 
 Bathurst Basin with the Harbour. The cost of this 
 alteration was 600,000. 
 
 Avonmouth Dock, on the Gloucestershire side of 
 the Junction of the Avon with the Severn, opposite 
 " Kingroad," is the property of a Company. Its di- 
 mensions are 1400 feet by 500 feet, depth 30 feet, 
 area 16 acres. Depth of water at high spring tides, 
 on the cill of the lock, 44 feet. It cost 500,000. It 
 is connected by railway with the Midland and Great 
 Western Systems. 
 
 The Portishead Dock, (unfinished,) having a 
 area of 20 acres, and a timber pond of 13 acres, is not 
 yet opened the Bristol Corporation have a large 
 interest in this Dock 
 
 QUEEN ELIZABETH'S HOSPITAL 
 
 (The City School) was founded by John Carr, in 
 1586. The new castellated building, on the N. W. spur 
 of Brandon Hill, was erected for the school in 1847. 
 One hundred and sixty boys are here fed, clothed, and 
 educated ; whilst the Charity Trustees devote a sum
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 37 
 
 of 200 per annum to enable scholars of ability to 
 pursue their studies in a higher school, or, if aptly 
 qualified, to help them enter a profession. 
 
 St. PETER'S HOSPITAL, 
 
 The head quarters of the Bristol Incorporation of the 
 Poor ; on the bank of the harbour ; between it and the 
 south side of St. Peter's Church is a quaintly gabled 
 house, with elaborate caryatides and arabesque barge 
 boards of the early 17th century, originally the 
 mansion of Norton the Alchemist. In 1695 it became 
 a Royal Mint; in 1698, a Workhouse for the poor; 
 and now it is the head quarters of their guardians. 
 The court-room is a fine' specimen of Jacobean archi- 
 tecture ; the chimney piece and ceiling are very fine. 
 
 THE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL 
 
 In the Royal Fort, for which the public are indebted 
 to the philanthrophy of Mr. Mark Whitwill (the Child- 
 ren's Friend) is supported entirely by voluntary 
 subscriptions. 
 
 Everything that can alleviate the pain, soothe 
 the mind of a sick child, and create in it a love 
 for beauty, truth, cleanliness, and comfort, is made in 
 this hospital a matter of daily study.
 
 38 ' Cani/nge ' Concise Guide 
 
 THE GENERAL HOSPITAL. 
 
 On the Banks of the New Cut and Bathurst Basin, 
 founded in 1832 ; the present edifice was built in 1858. 
 Two eminent Bristol citizens, both of them " Friends," 
 Joseph Eaton and George Thomas, were the chief 
 donors ; since their death it has been greatly enlarged. 
 
 HOTELS. 
 
 The chief are the Clifton Down, Suspension 
 Bridge ; Grand Hotel, Broad Street ; Queen's, Queen's 
 Koad, Clifton ; Koyal Hotel, College Green; St. Vin- 
 cent's Eock Hotel, Zion Hill (Suspension Bridge) ; 
 and the Talbot, Victoria Street; the others, perhaps 
 equally comfortable, are too numerous to be mentioned 
 in our restricted space. A New Hotel is being erected 
 at the Clifton Down Railway. 
 
 THE CERTIFIED INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL 
 
 In Park Row, for boys convicted of crime. Average 
 of Inmates, 60 to 70. Highly successful as a Reform- 
 atory. Open to Visitors on Tuesdays and Thursdays. 
 
 THE ROYAL INFIRMARY, 
 
 Marlborough Street, founded by John Elbridge, in!784, 
 has since been several times enlarged, until at the 
 present time it will accommodate 240 in-patients.
 
 To Brixtol and Suburb*. 39 
 
 This was one of the earliest Institutions founded 
 for the sick and suffering poor, and was the very first 
 attempt (London excepted) to support an Infirmary 
 by purely voluntary contributions. 
 
 LEIGH WOODS 
 
 And Nightingale Valley are on the Somersetshire side 
 of the Avon opposite to St. Vincent's Hocks and the 
 Observatory ; their combination of rock, river, and un- 
 dulating woodland scenery is exquisitely beautiful. 
 Access by the Suspension Bridge, or from the Hotwells 
 by Kovvnham Ferry. 
 
 FREE LIBRARIES. 
 
 The City Library, King Street, now the Central 
 Free Library, founded A.D. 1613. The first Free 
 Library in the kingdom; it contains an elaborately 
 carved chimney-piece by Grinling Gibbons. It was 
 opened in 1876 as a Free Lending Library, under 
 " Ewart's Act." It has three branches East Street, 
 Bedminster; King Square; and New Road, St. Philip's. 
 From these 452,000 vols. were issued during the past 
 year, and over 600,000 visits have been made to the 
 News and Magazine Rooms. 
 
 LOVERS' WALK 
 
 Is a fine avenue of lofty elm trees, leading from 
 Gotham to Redland Court. Close to this beautiful
 
 40 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 spot are the Church of St. Nathaniel and Cotham 
 Grove Baptist Chapel. 
 
 MANSION HOUSE. 
 
 This beautiful building, erected near the junction 
 of the Clifton Promenade with Durdham Down, by the 
 late Alderman Thomas Proctor, at a cost of over 
 16,000, was by him presented to the citizens as their 
 Mansion House. 
 
 MANUFACTORIES. 
 
 The Soap trade has been for centuries a noted 
 manufacture in Bristol the works of Messrs. Thomas 
 and Co., in the Broad Plain, are the largest out of 
 London ; the same may be said of the Sugar Works in 
 Counterslip ; of Messrs. Fry's Cocoa Factory ; and of 
 the immense Shoe Factories of Messrs. Derham Bros., 
 in Barton Street, and Messrs. James Smith and Son, 
 in King Square. The Bristol Wagon Works on Law- 
 rence Hill; the Netham Chemical Works; the 
 Avonside Tannery ; the Bristol Ironworks ; Powell and 
 Rickets's Glass Works ; Price's Stone Ware Pottery ; 
 Purnell, Webb, & Co.'s Tobacco & Vinegar Works; 
 Jefferies' Printing and Account Book Works ; the Atlas 
 Cabinet Works ; Sheldon, Bush, & Co.'s Patent Shot 
 Works ; the Bristol Distillery ; Young and Neilson's 
 Corset Manufactory, Portland Square; the Great 
 Western Cotton Works; are but specimens of the
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 41 
 
 vast variety of manufactures for which Bristol is 
 famous for a complete list we must refer the reader to 
 the Directory. 
 
 NEWSPAPERS. 
 
 The Press of Bristol may fairly challenge compari- 
 son, in point of talent and quality, with that of any 
 other provincial city. The Newspapers are the Bristol 
 M ercury & Daily Post ; Bristol Evening News, Western 
 Daily Press, and Bristol Observer, all published in 
 Broad Street ; the Daily Times and Mirror and Felix 
 Farley's Journal, in Small Street; and the Clifton 
 Chronicle, Eodney Place, Clifton. 
 
 OBSERVATORY. 
 
 The Cameras in this building throw exquisite 
 landscapes on a large disc, with all the fidelity of a 
 photograph, and the colour and mobility of nature. 
 By steps you can descend to Ghyston, or the Giant's 
 Cave ; Admission daily, 6d. 
 
 ORPHAN ASYLUM. 
 
 The Hook's Mills, at the foot of Ashley Hill, is a 
 Church of England Asylum for 50 girls ; it was founded 
 in 1795. 
 
 ORPHAN HOUSES. 
 
 Miiller's, Ashley Down ; these are five in number, 
 and contain 2,114 inmates; the cost of the buildings
 
 42 ' Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 was 115,000. This noble institution was founded in 
 a small house in Paul Street, in 1836 ; the moneys 
 contributed in forty years, for the orphans, and for 
 other congenial work, amounted to 679,663 Os. 4^d. ; 
 this enormous sum has flowed in without personal 
 solicitation, in answer to " the prayer of faith." 
 
 The houses are open as under : 
 
 No, 1 Boys, Girls, & Infants, Wednesdays, 2 to 3.30 p.m. 
 2 Girls only, Tuesdays, 2 to 3.30 p.m. 
 3 Thursdays, 
 
 4 Fridays, 
 
 5 Saturdays, 
 
 CENTRAL POLICE STATION, 
 
 Bridewell Street; in addition to the old building, 
 handsome courts are now in the course of erection for 
 the magistrates ; the unseemly and unwise practice of 
 dragging untried offenders through the public streets 
 will thus be avoided. 
 
 QUEEN SQUARE 
 
 Is rather over seven acres in extent ; it was named after 
 Queen Anne, who visited it in the year of her accession, 
 A.D. 1702. In its centre stands a fine equestrian 
 statue of William III., by Rysbach. 
 
 At No. 15, on the east side of the square, David 
 Hume, who afterwards became famous as a historian,
 
 To Brlxtol and Suburbs. 43 
 
 was, for a while, clerk to Merchant Miller, who dis- 
 charged him for correcting the ungrammatical style of 
 his employer's letters : 
 
 " I tell you what, Mr. Hume, I have made 20,000 by my English, 
 and I won't have it mended." 
 
 At No. 19 lived Capt. Woodes Kogers, who, in his 
 three years' voyage round the world, discovered Alex- 
 ander Selkirk on the Isle of Juan Fernandez, and so 
 was instrumental in giving " Robinson Crusoe " to 
 the world. On the south side are the Sailors' Home 
 and the Seamens' Institute, and not far off is the Bethel 
 Ship. At the north-west corner of the square is the 
 Inland Revenue Office, and in the centre of the north 
 side the Custom House. It was in this square that 
 the outrageous acts of violence that characterized the 
 Riots of 1831 began ; the Mansion House, which stood 
 where No. 9 now stands, the Custom. House, the Excise, 
 and the whole of the north and the west sides of the 
 square as far as No. 42, were burned to the ground. 
 Elsewhere, four Toll Houses, three Prisons, and the 
 Bishop's Palace were burned three days the riot lasted, 
 then the military were set to work in earnest, and in a 
 few hours "the plague was stayed." Twelve persons were 
 killed; the number of those who perished in the flames, 
 as well as of those who, in secret, died of their woun ds, 
 was considerable ; and 96 persons were taken to the 
 Hospitals. Four of the rioters were hanged ; 56 others
 
 44 Canynge ' Concise Guide 
 
 suffered different degrees of punishment ; and the too 
 humane Colonel, who noped to check the mob by 
 suavity and kind words, committed suicide. 
 
 The loss exceeded, it is said, 200,000. Compen- 
 sation for damages was paid by the citizens, to the 
 amount of 68,208 Is. 6d. 
 
 THE RAILWAY STATIONS. 
 
 The Grand Junction Station at Temple Meads, 
 where all the lines into Bristol meet ; its covered plat- 
 forms measure over 2,000 feet. 
 
 St. Philip's, on the Batch, out of Old Market 
 Street, is a branch of the Midland, chiefly used for the 
 Bath, and the Goods traffic. 
 
 There is a Station for Clifton on the Somerset- 
 shire side of the river, on the Bristol and Portishead 
 Railway. 
 
 A Station below the Suspension Bridge, for the 
 Port and Pier Railway to Avonmouth. 
 
 On the Bristol and Clifton Extension are the 
 Clifton Down Station, White Ladies' Road, and the 
 Montpelier; and on the South Wales Union the 
 Lawrence Hill, Stapleton Road, and Ashley Hill 
 Stations.
 
 To Bristol and Suburbs. 45 
 
 RED LODGE 
 
 Is devoted to the education and reclaiming of 
 convicted girls ; it contains usually from 60 to 70 girls, 
 and is open for inspection on Thursdays from 2 to 4 
 p.m. 
 
 This Institution, founded by Lady Byron, the 
 widow of the poet, will ever be associated with the 
 honoured name of her friend, Mary Carpenter, who 
 continued, until her death, the watchful guardian of 
 this, one amongst many of her schemes for raising the 
 fallen and benefiting her race. 
 
 o 
 
 The Lodge is a portion of the estate of Sir J. 
 Young, who built it circa 1600. It contains a room 
 richly ornamented with carvings in the Elizabethan 
 style. 
 
 THE REDMAIDS' SCHOOL, 
 
 So called from the dress of the inmates, is a bene- 
 faction of Alderman Whitson, A.D., 1 627. Eighty girls, 
 born or resident within the Parliamentary Borough 
 of Bristol, are clothed, boarded, and educated herein. 
 
 THE SCHOOL BOARD 
 
 Consists of 15 members, who hold their meetings in 
 a portion of the Guildhall buildings opening into 
 Small Street; they have altered or erected twelve
 
 46 ' Canynge ' Concixe Guide 
 
 schools upon the most approved principles. The first 
 election was in 1871. There is one lady member of 
 this board. 
 
 TRADE SCHOOL. 
 
 The Bristol Trade School, in connection with the 
 D epartrnent of Science and Art, is in Nelson Street. 
 The Governors are the Colston Trustees. Its depart- 
 ments embrace 
 
 1. One for boys under 9 years of age. 
 
 2. 16 
 
 3. Evening classes for adults; also under the 
 
 same roof, but as a distinct institution. 
 
 4. The Mining School for the study of Applied 
 
 Science, over. 16 years of age. 
 
 5. Chemical Laboratory, over 16 years of age. 
 
 Prizes to all who reach a given standard, four exhi- 
 bitions for two years of the annual value of 25 each, 
 at a University, and a scholarship (the Moseley), 20 
 per annum for two years, are given by the Governors. 
 The Whitworth Scholarship of 100 per annum for 
 three years ; and Royal Exhibition, value 50 per 
 annum for three years, are given by the Department 
 of Science and Art. 
 
 This School is most deservedly successful.
 
 A 000 609 227 4