DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FF1CE OF INDIAN AFFAIRS- \ EMULATIONS GOVERNING SUPERVISING AND INVESTIGATING OFFICERS OF THE INDIAN SERVICE WASHINGTON GOVEBNMENT PRINTING OFFICE IffL* DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR OFFICE OF INDIAN AFFAIRS REGULATIONS GOVERNING SUPERVISING AND INVESTIGATING OFFICERS OF THE INDIAN SERVICE WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE REGULATIONS GOVERNING SUPERVISING AND INVES TIGATING OFFICERS OF THE INDIAN SERVICE. ORGANIZATION. The field supervising and investigating service of the Office of Indian Affairs consists of supervisors and special Indian agents. The duties of supervisors, unless otherwise specially ordered by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, shall be the supervision of Indian schools, reservations, and allotted areas, advising with superintendents in regard thereto, and reporting for investigation or consideration such mat ters coming to their knowledge as may require investiga tion or administrative action. The duties of special Indian agents are the investiga tion of matters specifically intrusted to them for investi gation and report to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs, and reporting for investigation or consideration such other matters coming to their knowledge as proper admin istration requires should be brought to his attention. TRAVEL. No supervising or investigating official shall incur any expense for railroad travel not previously authorized, unless it is necessary within the scope of his assigned duties. Supervising and investigating officials will report by wire to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs their arrival and departure from one point to another, except where (3) to do so will prejudice interests intrusted to them, in which event they will report their movements promptly by mail. REPORTS. Reports of supervising and investigating officials will be made in sections, according to the subjects. The sections of the report must be numbered consecutively, with the number, subject, and date entered on the first sheet, and each section must be signed. The original and one carbon copy shall be transmitted to the Commis sioner of Indian Affairs with a letter of transmittal enumer ating the sections. Carbon copies of the sections shall be mailed to the supervisor in charge of the particular branch of the work to which it relates, as indicated in the appen dix. Reports of investigating officials shall be confined to statements of fact so far as they can be ascertained, and they must be carefully verified. No recommendation should be made, or conclusion drawn, unless supported by the facts stated. SUPERVISION AND INSPECTION. It is impracticable to specify the numerous and various matters that are proper subjects for supervision and in spection. Supervision should be constructive in character, with a view to promoting the welfare of the Indians, ele vating the tone of the schools, improving the methods of instruction and administration, and increasing the effi ciency of the superintendents and employees. Supervis ing officials will make suggestions to superintendents as to better methods, and careful consideration should be given their recommendations as to what enterprises or under takings should receive greater or lesser attention, and in what instances the established policies of the Indian Office could or should be more closely adhered to. The general administration of each jurisdiction should be carefully observed, particularly as to whether the superintendents give due attention to the various activi ties under their control, whether they give too much time and attention to office routine or business details, or mani fest undue interest in one thing to the detriment of others. Also, as to whether the details of school management, office work, and industrial activities of the Indians are directed personally by the superintendent J or by him through heads of departments acting under his general direction. They should further observe whether the administrative control over the Indians and over the res ervations and allotted areas is adequate and satisfactory. In the matter of employees, there should be very careful inquiry on the part of the supervisors, to the end that the commissioner may be informed as to the sufficiency or insufficiency of the force for the work required, whether the force is properly organized, and whether the salaries are commensurate with the duties, and, in the case of Indian employees, whether the salaries are the same, for like work and efficiency, as are paid to white employees. Supervisors will investigate and report especially as to whether there are more employees than necessary, and make definite recommendations where economy can be effected and better administration secured by abolishing unnecessary positions and increasing the salaries of others. Efficiency reports, on the regular blanks, should be made on all employees with whom the supervisor becomes sufficiently acquainted to be able to form an opinion as to their capabilities, or whose work he observes closely enough to judge of their efficiency. Very careful attention should be given to the use made by the Indians of their capital, whether it be lands, live stock, or individual Indian money, and supervisors will ascertain to what extent the superintendents are assisting the Indians to make the best possible use of their resources. 6 The supervisors will submit reports as directed above in all matters calling for administrative action by the Indian Office, in matters of general administration, in all instances of conspicuous merit on the part of superintendents or employees, and in such other instances as their judgment may dictate; but reports in detail will not be made rela tive to ordinary affairs, routine work, or where mutual understandings between supervisors and superintendents are effected relative to improved methods, or new or modified plans for which the superintendent is willing and has ample authority ex officio to assume responsibility. Recommendations as to the need for or expenditure of funds, or report on matters requiring administrative action, should be accompanied, wherever practicable, by the recommendation of the superintendent. Recommenda tions for the expenditure of funds should set forth clearly whether needed for the current fiscal year or to be con sidered in connection with future appropriations. If for the current year, care should be taken to keep within the apportionment or known available funds, except in case of unusual need, which should be clearly stated. The supervising officials will exercise general supervi sion, as heretofore set forth, over all matters pertaining to schools, industries, lands, allotment, irrigation, forestry, construction, health, employment of Indians, violation of the liquor laws, disbursing of funds, preservation of records, and care of public property. For the purpose of outlining and suggesting the proper scope of the supervision to be exercised, and to harmonize and systematize the reports of supervisors and special agents, an elaboration of the duties referred to in the fore going paragraph is appended. But detailed reports to conform to the outline appended are neither expected nor desired, nor will supervisors confine themselves to the enumerated subjects where matters arise that in their judgment require attention and report. Supervisors should endeavor to impress upon superin tendents the fact that the latter are to be held responsible by the Indian Office for every activity relating to Indians within their respective jurisdictions, including proper sanitation of Indian houses, suppression of the liquor traffic, employment of returned students, and that the function of special supervisors is not to relieve them of any responsibility, but to advise and assist them in the direction of greater efficiency. F. H. ABBOTT, Acting Commissioner. Approved Jan. 3, 1913. SAMUEL ADAMS, First Assistant Secretary. APPENDIX. The following outline indicates some of the things that should be observed by supervising officials. The results of such observations should be made the basis of sugges tions to the superintendents of plans, methods, and means for the improvement of the service, and should also be the basis of such reports and recommendations to the Commis sioner of Indian Affairs as may be desirable. SCHOOLS. PLANT. Buildings. See Construction. School farm and stock. Equipment of farm, garden, and dairy. Adequacy of machinery and implements and their condition and upkeep. Does live stock check with property return? Is dairy herd being examined for dis eases as frequently as safety requires? Condition of farm; is it being so handled as to give the maximum of instruction to the pupils and at the same tune provide as much as pos sible for maintenance? Are pupils being instructed prop erly in farming, stock raising, dairying, and all other lines of farm activity? ACADEMIC TRAINING. Organization. Preparation of yearly calendar. Daily program, preparation and following of. Daily sessions, length of. Actual time devoted to study and recitations. Study hours. Grading of pupils. Methods of promotion. Methods of instruction. Visual instruction. Correlation with industrial departments and life activities. Instruc tion in the use of English. Examinations and reviews. 9 Number of grades maintained. Weekly outlines of in struction, preparation of, character of. Educational pub lications, use of. Is there reason to make course conform more nearly to state course of study? Equipment. Books, supply and condition. Book cov ers, use of. Blackboards, globes, maps, thermometers, school furniture, school library, papers and magazines. Stereopticons. Kindergarten materials, supply and use of. Busy work. Condition of classrooms, general ap pearance. Cleanliness of walls, floor, and ceiling. Dec oration of walls. Ventilation. Temperature. Heating. Lighting. Seating arrangements. Condition of supplies and equipment. Student body. Enrollment. Number of pupils, boys, girls. Regularity of attendance. Transfer of pupils. Examination of reports of superintendents as to pupils eligible for transfer to nonreservation schools. Discipline. Pupils associations, organization of. Pupils correspond ence, supervision of. Defective pupils. Incorrigible pupils. Pupils records, method of keeping while in school and after leaving school. School census, accuracy of, preparation of. Returned students. Reports as to their progress after leaving school. Outing system, organization of. Num ber of pupils receiving instruction under outing system. Earnings of outing pupils. Pupils funds, handling of. General results of the outing system. Public schools. Enrollment of Indian children. Atti tude of local community toward enrollment of Indian chil dren. Enrollment of white children in Indian schools. Payment of tuition. Contracts. Inspection of public schools, frequency of. Progress of pupils. Number of public schools available to Indian children. Growth and development of public school system in so far as it affects the education of Indian children. State compulsory at tendance laws and other laws affecting the enrollment and attendance of Indian children in public schools. Mission 7330213 2 10 schools contract, noncontract. Private schools con tract, noncontract. Capacity of schools. Is it sufficient to accommodate scholastic population? INDUSTRIAL INSTRUCTION. Equipment. New equipment needed in various depart ments of school. Methods of industrial instruction. Are they applicable to needs of pupils? Amount and extent, of industrial instruction as follows: Names of industries taught. Number of boys receiving instruction. Number of girls receiving instruction. Time each week given to instruction. Time each week given to production and routine work. Agriculture, theoretical and practical. Use of agricultural bulletins. Organic connection be tween academic and industrial departments. Correlation of work. Occupations most likely to be followed by pupils when they leave school and upon which emphasis should be placed. HEALTH. See suggestions -under Health section. RELIGIOUS AND MORAL TRAINING. Observance of regulations as to religious worship. Means provided for the culture and refinement of pupils, libraries, music (vocal and instrumental), school bands, choruses, orchestras, etc. Religious organizations among pupils, Sunday schools. Accessibility of churches. Temperance instruction. Instruction in matters of sex for older pupils. Moral conditions existing in vicinity of school. General moral tone of school. EMPLOYEES. Individuals. Reports on efficiency of employees for status file on blank form adopted. Promotion of em ployees. Demotion. Transfer of employees. 11 Collective. Quarters for employees. Social conditions among. Grading and promotion of teachers. Reading courses for. Professional and general reading of em ployees. Division of labor among employees. Employees meetings. Organizations among. Cooperation. Num ber and names of positions vacant. New positions re quired. Abolishment of positions. Means for social entertainment and diversion of employees. Employment of Indians as employees at schools and agencies. (Circular 673.) Esprit de corps among employees. INDUSTRIES. INDUSTRIES IN GENERAL. What are now and will in the future be the paramount sources of income and maintenance of the Indians agri culture, live stock, employment, rations, or cash pay ments, and their relative importance? Is the jurisdiction properly laid off in districts for farmers and stockmen? Are the farmers and stockmen provided with adequate quarters and means of travel? Do they reside in their districts? How is their time mainly occupied? Are they giving the Indians adequate instruction and assist ance? AGRICULTURE. Character of soil and crops to which it is best suited. If an irrigation system is in operation, is it being properly used and cared for? If an irrigation system is being con structed, are adequate arrangements, being made to utilize it when completed? The class of crops now being grown, and what would be most profitable for the Indians to grow? If the full use is not being made by the Indians of their lands, what should be done to bring about full use? Are the Indians adequately supplied with teams, implements, seeds, etc.? Are the Indians getting proper value for surplus products marketed, and are they selling their agricultural products in such way 12 as to endanger their future support? Is the soil being injured or is undue erosion resulting from the manner of cultivations; are noxious weeds endangering proper agricultural success? LIVE STOCK. The kind and approximate number of live stock grown by the Indians. Are the kinds best suited to their needs? Do they have a sufficient number of work horses, and, if not, have plans been made looking to an adequate future supply? The grades of live stock, and if of low grade is upbreeding being done? Is the number of live stock kept for Government service adequate and of the proper class? Disease among live stock. Are the Indians sell ing off their live stock in such way as to endanger their future supply? HOME BUILDING. The general character of home and farm buildings now used by the Indian. Do they need better and more houses, barns, etc., and have they means or material at hand for the construction of such? Are their homes or farms inclosed with proper fences? If not, have they means or material to provide such? The source of water supply for domestic use, and what may be needed to increase or improve i.t. Are the Indians being properly aided and encouraged in providing them selves with better and more permanent homes? SANITATION OF INDIAN HOMES. See "Health." CARE OF NEEDY. If rations are being issued, to about what percentage of the tribe, and can such rations be reduced now or in the future? If no ration system is maintained, are there proper facilities for the care of the old, the sick, or the dependent available? 13 INDIVIDUAL INDIAN MONEYS. The uses to which these moneys are mainly put. Are they being used for the betterment of the Indians or for immediate need or maintenance? The manner in which requests for the use of these moneys are made by the Indians, received by the superintendent and employees, and the supervision exercised over the matter of pur chases made by the Indians therefrom. Is there a well- defined plan in operation looking to the use of these moneys for the purpose of home building, farming de velopment, and providing for the industrial needs of the Indian? Are the Indians incurring indebtedness in an ticipation of these moneys? Are superintendents taking initiative in encouraging Indians to proper investment of surplus funds? TRIBAL MONEYS. The approximate amount and classes of tribal moneys held in trust by the Government. How these moneys are now being used, and in what manner would they contrib ute most largely to the welfare of the Indians? TRADE. Are the licensed traders observing the regulations of the Government? The aggregate amount of indebtedness by Indians to the traders and the maximum individual ac counts found on traders books. Do the traders maintain a system of bookkeeping that will admit of rendering itemized bills? Do the Indians trade mainly with licensed traders or can they reach trade centers beyond the reser vation boundaries? Are the Indians being encouraged to expend undue sums of money for gewgaws or articles of distinct Indian character which they do not need? Are the Indians permitted or encouraged to form the "debt habit," and thereby anticipate their income, inheritances, or resources? 14 LANDS. PATENTS IN FEE. Are the regulations fully and conscientiously complied with? Does the superintendent personally review the applications, or is his action based on examinations con ducted by employees or persons without the service? What use or disposition is made of patented lands? About what per cent, if any, of the patentees and their families are rendered destitute through the sale of patented lands and the disposal of the proceeds? The approximate num ber, if any, of the competent allottees who are worthy of patents in fee but who decline to ask for them. LAND SALES. About what percentage of allotted lands have been sold? Is there adequate competition between bidders for these lands? Are these lands so advertised that the sales attract attention of the public ? What system of appraisal is main tained and is it satisfactory? Are status file reports being compiled in connection with sales of lands, patents in fee, and leases of allottmente? LEASES OF ALLOTMENTS. About what percentage of allotted lands are leased by whites? Is this leasing mainly for the purpose of revenue or for the development of the lands leased? If improve ment leases are being made, what supervision is exercised to insure compliance therewith? Do the Indians negotiate their own leases? Does the leasing system operate to relieve able-bodied Indians from farming for the support of themselves and family? Are the lands leased for an adequate rental? Are the lands being impaired by care less or improper farming? Should the lease moneys in whole or in part be paid direct to the Indians when col lected or deposited and handled as individual Indian moneys in bank? 15 LEASING OF TRIBAL LANDS. If tribal lands are leased to whites for grazing purposes, do these leases interfere with the agricultural pursuits of the Indians? Do such leases interfere with the live stock interests of the Indians? To what use are the moneys accruing from these leases now being put, and in what manner would their uses contribute most to the future welfare of tne tribes? FORESTRY. FORCE AND EQUIPMENT. Is the force adequate and efficient? Is the equipment sufficient and is it so disposed about the reservation as to be quickly available in case of fire? What are the danger points as to forest fires? ROADS, TRAILS, AND TELEPHONES. Are the roads, frails, and telephone lines sufficient for the protection and best use of the forest, and are they kept in repair? CABINS AND CORRALS. Are the cabins sufficient in number and satisfactory as to construction, and are they properly placed? Are cor rals and pastures provided for stock used by forest officers? TIMBER SALES. 1. General condition of timber sale work. 2. Violation of agreements by timber contractors. 3. Commission of waste by Indians and others. 4. Should more sales of timber be made? State reasons. SAWMILLS. 1. Value and efficiency of the sawmills. 2. Is lumber properly piled in the yard? 3. Precautions taken to guard against fire. 4. Demand for lumber by the Indians and agency. 5. Desirability of establishing new sawmills. 16 CONSTRUCTION. BUILDINGS. Adaptability to needs. Condition of each. Repairs and improvements needed. Permanent improvements contemplated. Heating. Ventilation. Sewerage and water supply. Fire protection. Fire-fighting apparatus Fire lanterns, fire escapes. Fire drills of pupils. HEALTH. SCHOOL. Physical examination of pupils. On entrance to school. Frequency of, during school year. In the field before starting to nonreservation schools. Before outing. Sanitary care of pupils while in school. Rations, bill of fare. Preparation and serving of rations. Are rations sufficient in quantity? Of good quality? Is there suffi cient variety? Care of foods. Refrigerators, ice boxes, cellars, etc. Diet for weak pupils. Is there a special diet provided? Diet provided? Diet tables. Drinking water. Purity of water. Drinking fountains. Clothing suitability to climate. Supply of clothing. Condition. Methods of washing and disinfection. Observance of sanitary and health regulations. Bathing, how frequent, facilities for. Condition of lavatories, closets, and urinals; disinfection of. Weighing of pupils, regularity and record of. Segregation of tubercular and trachomatous pupils from well children. Open-air sleep ing. Open-air classes, adaptability of climate for. Sleep ing porches. Cleanliness of objects handled in common. Adoption of Pullman towel system, possibility of. In dividual lockers. Toilet articles combs, brushes, tooth brushes, tooth powder, supply and method of caring for. Conditions of teeth of pupils, care of teeth. Employment of dentists. Dormitories, capacity, cubic air space. Electric alarm systems, installation of, in dormitories. Overcrowding. Single beds, beds and bedding, condition and sufficiency of. Airing and sunning, frequency of. 17 Methods of sweeping and dusting. Oiling of floors. Painting of walla and ceilings, use of sweeping compounds. Disposal of sewerage, system of garbage disposal, garbage cans. Management of dairy. Care of yards and grounds from sanitary standpoint. Prevention of flies and mos quitoes, destruction of breeding places, fly-tight manure pits, removal of manure. Screening of buildings. Meth ods employed in destroying flies and mosquitoes. Methods of physical training. Calisthenics, breathing exercises, etc., in class rooms. Provisions for physical instruction in the daily program. Time allowed for physical training in the class rooms. Marching. Games and plays, play-ground equipment, character of. Athletic equipment and supplies, sufficiency of. Outdoor games. Setting-up exercises. Military training. General ath letics. Gymnasium, equipment of. Time devoted to out-door relaxation each day. Supervision of physical training. Instruction in hygiene and sanitation. Extent of, meth ods employed, class-room instruction in. Lectures on trachoma and tuberculosis. Use of the stereopticon. Treatment of diseases. General health of pupils. State of nutrition. Diseases or special symptoms observed. Epidemic or contagious diseases? Hospitals, need of, equipment of. Nurses. Physicians. Medicines and sur gical supplies, quantity and quality. Quarantine meas ures, effectiveness of. Segregation of tubercular and weak children from healthy pupils. Fumigation and sterilization of infected objects. Personal attention of physician to health of pupils. Contract of physician. Efficiency of physicians. Preventive medicine. RESERVATION. Sanitary conditions. Agency buildings and grounds, Indian homes and premises, including ventilation, over crowding, lighting, cleanliness, food and clothing; dis posal of excreta, care of the sick and prevention of the spread of disease, and spitting. 18 General health of Indians. Physical condition; state of nutrition; prevalence of tuberculosis, trachoma, venereal and other communicable diseases; infant mortality; use of alcohol, mescal, or other deleterious substances; habits and customs prejudicial to health. Food and wate* supply. Sources, quantity and protec tion from contamination. Efficiency of physicians, nurses, and field matrons. Inspec tion of sanitary condition, prevention of disease, and enforcement of health regulations. EMPLOYMENT FOR INDIANS. IN THE INDIAN SERVICE. The extent to which Indians are employed in accord ance with the requirements of law 1 and the established policy of the service in all positions which they are com petent to fill. Are competent Indians being encouraged and assisted to qualify, through civil-service examina tions, for appointment to positions in the service? Arc Indian employees being assisted and encouraged in meet ing the requirements of their positions? OUTSIDE THE SERVICE. Are the Indians, educated or uneducated, being as sisted in every practicable way to obtain employment along such lines as they are qualified to follow? Are In dians taking employment with exhibitions and shows; and, if so, what is the moral effect upon those so employed and upon the other Indians of the reservation? Are they being discouraged from such employment? i The law is " * * * That in the Indian Service, Indians shall be employed as herders, teamsters, and laborers, and, where practicable, in all other employments in connection with the agency and the Indian Service. And it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Interior and the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to enforce this provision." Sec. 10, act of 1894. Also, "and preference shall at all times, as far as practica ble, be given to the Indians in the employment of clerical, mechanical, and other help on reservations and about agencies." Sec. 6, 32 Stat, ., 451. 19 RETURNED STUDENTS. Are the superintendents keeping in close touch with re turned students, assisting them in every possible way to make use of their school training and advising them as to the use of their material resources? Number of returned students supporting themselves, either on or off the reser vation, and in what manner. Are pupil records being properly kept, in order that superintendents may have information as to the ability and character of returned students? SALE OF LIQUOR TO INDIANS. Are there saloons on the reservation or in the neighbor hood of the residence of the Indians? Do they sell liquor to Indians directly or by subterfuge? Is liquor being in troduced upon the reservation; if so, is it by whites or by Indians? Are all necessary and proper steps being taken by the superintendent and other employees to deal with the evil and to create the proper public sentiment among Indians against the use of intoxicants? Does the superin tendent need the assistance of special liquor officers? OFFICE WORK. CLERICAL FORCE. Is it adequate and properly organized? Is the work be ing done by up-to-date methods? KEEPING OF ACCOUNTS. Do present practices offer proper assurance of integrity in disbursing of funds and caring for public property? RECORDS. Are all required records being properly kept, especially those relating to individual Indian moneys? 7 DAY USE RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED DOCUMENTS DEPT. This publication is due on the LAST DATE stamped below. NCV 2 3 1960 TO ART- RB 17-60m-6, 59 (A2840slO)4188 General Library University of California Berkeley U.C. BERKELEY LIBRARIES