\TfcO 
 
 Thoughts on the Treaty 
 Now ; \gltat-- tv/een Qov 
 ernment and the ^as 
 
 -ny. . . 
 
 By 
 
 'tchell
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 AT LOS ANGELES
 
 THOUGHTS 
 
 O N T H E 
 
 TREATY 
 
 NOW AGITATING BETWEEN 
 
 GOVERNMENT AND THE EAST INDIA COMPANY, 
 
 SHEWING THE CONCEIVED DEFECTS OF THE 
 
 PROPOSITIONS DRAWN UP BY THE COURT OF DIRECTORS; 
 
 AND CONTAINING 
 
 ANEW SET OF'PJROPOSITIONS, 
 
 PERHAPS MORE ADVANTAGEOUS TO THE PUBLIC, TO THE EAST INDIA COMPANY^, 
 AND THE OPPRESSED INHABITANTS OF HINDOSTAN, 
 
 BY ARCHIBALD MITCHELL, 
 
 LATE MAJOR OF ENGINEERS, BELONGING TO THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FORT ST. GEORGf- 
 
 JUSTUM ET TENACEM PROPOSITI VIR.UM, 
 NON CIVIUM ARDOR PRAVA JUBENTIUM 
 NON VULTUS INSTANTIS TYRANNI 
 MENTE qUATlf SOLIDA. 
 
 H X. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR, 
 AND SOLD BY JOHN DONALDSON, CORNER OF ARUNDEL STREET, STRAND; AND 
 
 BY THE AUTHOR, NO. 23, BERNERS STREET, OXFORD STREET. 
 M DCC LXXX.
 
 . B. The Purchafers are requefted to leave their Names, 
 at the Place where they buy this Pamphlet ^ as Mr. 
 Mix c HELL wifhes to know who the Gentlemen are 
 that do him the honour to perufe this his maiden Eflay*. 
 
 ENTERED IN STATIONERS HALL* 
 
 ACCORDING TO- ACT OF PARLIAMENT.
 
 TO THE 
 
 PARLIAMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN, 
 
 HIS MAJESTY'S MINISTERS, 
 
 THE 
 
 COURT OF DIRECTORS OF THE EAST INDIA COMPANY^ 
 
 THE 
 
 PROPRIETORS OF EAST INDIA STOCK, 
 
 AND 
 
 THE PUBLIC AT LARGE, 
 MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, 
 THE FOLLOWING ESSAY, 
 
 ON A 
 
 MOST IMPORTANT NATIONAL SUBJECT., 
 
 i s, 
 
 WITH GREAT DEFERENCE AND RESPECT, 
 HUMBLY SUBMITTED TO YOUR CONSIDERATION, 
 
 B Y 
 
 YOUR VERY OBEDIENT HUMBLE SERVANT, 
 
 ARCHIBALD MITCHELL, 
 
 BERNERS STREET, 
 
 No. 23, 
 FEB. 18, 1780, 
 
 3549 frr
 
 T H O U G H T S 
 
 O N T H E 
 
 T R E A T Y, & c . 
 
 AS the proper and final adjuftment of the negotiation, now carry ingon between 
 Adminiftration and the Court of Directors, is of the utmoft magnitude 
 and national importance, and may be faid to be the Magna Ckarta of the Eaft 
 India Company, upon which it's future profperity, nay it's very exiftence, in- 
 tirely depends, as well as a very capital fource of future riches and aggrandize- 
 ment to the Britim nation ; it therefore moft emphatically calls for the utmoft 
 /exertions of political fagacity, wifdom, fore fight, and circumfpection, fo to 
 frame and arrange thofe preliminaries which are to form the bafis of this im- 
 portant treaty* and of the new charter, as may moft effectually fecure the future 
 profperity, both political and commercial, of the Eaft India Company : and be 
 moreover calculated to fecure, and to fofter, with parental care, thofe rich and 
 extenfive pofleflions acquired by the Company, affifted by national force in the 
 eaft ; which, if well managed, may be made productive of unbounded additions 
 of wealth, influence and power to the Britim empire* 
 
 To anfwer the above purpofes> the Court of Directors, with an apparent 
 degree of candour, and attention to the interefts of their conftituents, which 
 does them the greateft honour, have brought forward to the view and decifion 
 of the Proprietors at large, a fet of Proportions, framed and recommended by 
 them, as a proper bafis of agreement between the Public and the Company, 
 and refulting from difcuffions between them and his Majcfty's Chancellor of 
 the Exchequer. 
 
 My bufinefs mall be to examine, with all the accuracy of which I am capa- 
 ble, and with perfect impartiality, the merit and tendency of thofe proportions ; 
 in doing which, I lhall proceed in the following order. 
 
 B I (hall
 
 ( 6 ) 
 
 I /hall firft examine the fundamental principles, upon which the propofitions 
 appear to have been framed. 
 
 SECONDLY, I (hall endeavour to mow, how far the fuperftrufture, contained 
 In thofe propofitions, does correipond with, and, ought to, have refulted from, 
 that foundation ; moreerpecially in regard to the following particulars, which- 
 J apprehend to be the leading features of the whole. 
 
 FIRST, The propofed duration of the new charter* 
 
 / 
 SECONDLY, The mode laid down for a participation of territorial revenue. 
 
 THIRDLY, The degree of excitative controul and management, propofed to> 
 t>e veiled in the Company, independent of Government. 
 
 LASTLY, As I expect to be able to make it clearly appear, that howevsr 
 good the foundation, the whole of the fuperftructure is little elfe befides a 
 mafs of incongruity, difproportion and injuftice ; in fhort, a mere caftle in the 
 air, equally devoid of folidity and duration. I mall therefore prefume to propofe 
 a new fet of propofitions, founded, I hope, on a more lading bafis, and con- 
 ftrufted upon a more durable, liberal and equitable fyftem. Such a one a*,. 
 I flatter myfelf, will be found to be well calculated to promote, in a much fa- 
 perior degree, the lading .profperity of our new acquisitions in India, and the 
 concomitant aggrandizement of the Britifli Empire, and of the Ead India Com- 
 pany: Between whom, I have the prefumpjtion to interpofe myfel and to ak- 
 fume the character and office of an impartial mids-man. 
 
 I begin, as I- propofed, by dating what 1 conceive to be the two leading 
 principles, implied, though not expreiled, upon which the proportions appe:ir 
 to have been juftly founded.. 
 
 FIRST, That in confideration of a renewal of charter, and a continuance of 
 the exclufive monopoly of India Commerce, for a ftipulated term, it was rea* 
 fonable, and had been cudomary, that an adequate compenfation mould be paid 
 by the Company to the public. 
 
 SECONDLY,
 
 ( 7 ) 
 
 SECONDLY, That, as the natron claims a right, upon the expiration of the 
 Compan)'? prefent charter, and afcer liquidating the debt due by the public 
 to the Company, to afiume the property and pofic/Iion of the territories, now 
 held by the latter, in India j it would therefore be for the intereft of the Corn- 
 pan), to purchafe, by an equivalent compenfation, a fufpenfion of that claim, 
 during the continuance of the propofed Charter, by admitting the public to a 
 certain Participation of the Revenues arrfmg from thofe Poffeffions. 
 
 In regard to the Firft, I conceive, that the Million, to be depofited by fher 
 Company in the hands of Government, as contained in the fecond propofition^ 
 and to remain there without intercft, which lefbmate to be equal to an annual 
 gratuity of 50,000!. from the Company to the Public, is nothing more than a 
 reafonable, }uft, and moderate compenfation to the nation, for the injury done 
 to the merchants in general of Grtat Britain, by excluding them from the ad- 
 vantages of a free trade with India, in favour ol the Company 
 
 As to the Second, I am alfo decided in my opinion; that it is' fdtmded on 
 the cleared principles of juftice and equity. For, is there not a ftriking fimi- 
 litude, in the Company's pad tenure, to the fituation and rights of a tenant on 
 leafe ? If fuch a tenant, in confideration of certain advantages to arife to him, 
 within the duration of his leafe, and perhaps in contemplation, of procuring a 
 revenual of that leafr, on moderate terms, choofes, at his own risk, and without 
 making any previous agreement with his fuperior, to lay out money in building, 
 in inclofing and cultivating commons^ I belfeve that luch inciofures would, at 
 the expiration of that leaie, become the property of the fuperior. R is the fame 
 in refped: to leafe-hold houfes. Now I regard India, in it's prefent ftate of poli- 
 tical anarchy, in the light of an immenfe common. If then the Company, at 
 the hazard of involving the nation in war, and of their own ruin, has prefumed 
 to pofiefs itfelf of, and to inclofe, fome part of this common, furely the ftate, 
 from whence that Company derived it's very exiftence, and exclufive eftablifh- 
 ment in India-, and^who, (in refpecl: to thofe feodal poffefllons acquired by the 
 Company there) may be regarded, as having neceflanly become the lord of 
 ' thofe manors, Cthere being now, in truth and reality, no fovereign actually 
 xifting over the Empire of HindoftanJ and being fo regarded, it appears to 
 
 my
 
 ( 8 ) 
 
 *ny conception, (for I do not pretend to determine how it is according to 
 ftrict legal decifion) that the flate has a right, in equity, and by prefcription, per. 
 haps by law too, to an afiumption of property fo acquired, as foon as the reci- 
 procal obligations included in the Company's former leafe, are mutually acquit- 
 ted and expired. When I fay this, I do not affirm any thing, but only give 
 an opinion , and honeflly confefs, that the light in which I have dated this claim 
 of right, is the ftrongeft in which I conceive it can be dated ; and much dronger 
 than any inference I mean to draw from it, in favour of the Public, does require. 
 On the contrary, wilhing to abftract this quedion from, the chicane and ambigu- 
 ity that ingenious lawyers may throw upon it, and to bring the contefl to an ami- 
 cable compromife, I am willing to allow, that the matter of right, in pure equity, 
 precifely equiponderates, between the Public and the Company. If this deci- 
 fion be fubmirted to, it mult necefiarily follow, that an equal participation of 
 revenue, and an equal mare of management too, fo far as that revenue is con- 
 cerned, ought to refult from fuch an adjuftmenr, We fiiall fee, by and by, 
 how far the propofitions now before the Proprietors, correfpond with the fore- 
 going decifion ; and by that criterion we mail judge of their propriety. 
 
 Having thus explained the two fundamental Propofitions, or Corner- ft ones, 
 of the Treaty now agitating, refpecting the grand object of Trade and Re- 
 venue, I fhall now proceed to confider the Plan brought forward by the Direc- 
 tors j and fhall treat of it in the order already laid down. 
 
 In regard to the Firft Head of Difcufiion, namely, " tfa .propofed Duration 
 of the New Charter" I underftand that t'-e principal reafons .affigned by the fyli- 
 nifters, in favour of a Short Term, are, The Magnitude of the Company's Do- 
 minions ; their prefent critical and fluctuating date ; the impoffibility of fore- 
 feeing, and confequently of forming an effectual barrier, againft every Future 
 Abufe and Contingency, in the Management of them j and the Neceffity, re- 
 fulting from thofe combined confiderations, of Subjecting that Management to 
 the frequent Controul and Correction of Parliament. Theie .Objections to a 
 Charter of long Duration, are certainly not without foundation : but if it can 
 be fhown, and I think it may, that they may be otherwife obviated j and that 
 the very Short Term propofed to be granted to the Company, in confluence 
 
 of
 
 ( 9 ) 
 
 ef them, (judgmg of the future by the parr.) will, in all probability, invoke the" 
 Ruin, and perhaps the Lofs of thole Settlements ; the Impropriety and Fatal 
 Tendency of fuch a Mealure, will appear evident : When, I fay, that fo very 
 Short and Precarious a Tenure will prove ruinous to our b.ailern Colonies, I do 
 not draw that cone lufion from -theory or conj<?c~tu'-e, but from Pa-ft Expe.ience, 
 and from Local Knowledge. Who, that has been lately in India, does noc 
 know, that fonse -of -their Beit PoiTcffrons are already almoft Ruined, by Hand- 
 to-mouth management ? The Company hitherto, but more especially their Ser- 
 vants, actuated by a Narrow Policy, and probably with an eye to the approach-" 
 ing Expiration of their Charter, and their probable Deprivation of Territorial 
 Management, fecm to have laid afide all confederation, in regard to promoting, 
 the Durable Prosperity of the Country , and have only ftudied how to make 
 the moil of ft, for the Piefent Moment : I fpeak now more particularly in re- 
 gard to their Management on the coaft of Ccromandel, where I was an eye-wit- 
 nefs of the fads I am now ftating, : Their pofTcfiions have been f aimed out, ge- 
 nerally, for Three Years only ; ihe landholders have been frequently changed - 9 
 the lands have been rack-rented ; the Zemindars have been ruined by ufury, in 
 -borrowing Money to iatisfy the rapacity, not of the Company, but of rhe Com- 
 pany's Servants j the fubtenants have been consequently opprefled, and the 
 whole Country is tending, by rapid itrides, to total Deiertion and Defolation. 
 From the fame caufes the Nabob of Arcot is, almoft of necefilty, become a Ty- 
 rant and OpprefTor j and his Country is daily Depopulating j as will, in future,, 
 alfo the rich and fen9t kingdom of Tanjore, now that it's Rajahs are brought ' : 
 within the rapacious clutches of a quick fucceffion of hungry wolves in the Com- 
 pany's Service All thefe mifchiefs are chiefly owing to the Precarioufnefs of 
 Tenures, and the frequent Changes of Syftem : Let the Minifter enquire a little 
 into the Prefent State of the Company's Crrcar PofiemonsHe will find an al- 
 moft Univerfal Bankruptcy amongft the Rajahs -, and an enormous Arrear of 
 Rent, more than the Country will produce to the Company for Seven Years to 
 come. Jn fhort, it is almoft horrid to tell, for the whole is a fcene of matchlefs 
 Rapacity, Defolation and Ruin. What is the Caufe of this ? His Lordfhip's 
 own Tenants will Anfwer the Queftion : Place one or them, with aLeafe ex- 
 piring in Three Years j and free to do with the Land as he pleafes j The con- 
 fequehce is, he will fcourge it, and Exhauil it by Forced Crops ; leaving it 
 
 C worn-
 
 \Vorn-out, Barren, and good for almoft nothing : Knowing the hen is no longer 
 to lay golden eggs for him, he will fearch her very bowels for the hidden treafure. 
 So has it been, and fo will it be, with-theEaft India Company, and with it's Ter- 
 ritories and Dependents, if a Long and Secure Pofieflion be not Granted to 
 them. I mall afterwards point out how thofe Great Evils may be Remedied. 
 
 I now proceed to the Second Head, namely, " The Mode Propofed for a 
 f * Participation of Revenue." 
 
 The Sixth Propofition, containing this Article, is framed on a fnppofition, 
 that a Dividend to .the Proprietors of Eight per cent, is an Adequate Allowance 
 .for the Profits of -their Trade : The Directors, indeed, fay, That, on an Ave- 
 .rage of Forty Years paft, their Nett Profits have amounted to Nine and a Half 
 .per cent : To which I anfwer, That Eight per cent, on fuch Large Investments 
 as they now bring Home, arifing from Trade and Revenue together, is more 
 than Equal to Nine and a Half per cent, on their former much Smaller Invett- 
 ments. One Additional Advantage they would Gain, as the Propofitions now 
 Hand, is, That whereas Formerly, if any Calamity befel their Factories, either 
 by an Indian, or by an European War, or their Ships, by Lofsor Capture, they 
 were without Refource : it was a dead Drawback on their Profits, and their 
 Dividends muft Diminim. In Future, mould fuch Lofies accrue, the Revenues 
 muft make it good : At all events, the Proprietors are to Receive Eight per 
 cent. Does it not follow, That Half that Reimburfement goes out of the 
 Pocket of Government ? 
 
 Having adjufted the dividend for the profits on trade, the Propofkion goes 
 on to ftate the rrode, in which the remaining profits of the Company, ac- 
 cruing from the territorial revenue, is to be fhared between the Public and 
 the India Proprietors : It propofes, that all above eight per cent, fhould be 
 given to the State, until the profits amount to fixteen per cent. When they 
 exceed fixteen per cent, the furplus to be equally divided between the public 
 and the Company. The plain Englifh of which Propofition I take to be this : 
 1 We (that is Adminiftration ; will not revolt the Proprietors, by affrrting, 
 in dired terms, that every farthing of revenue fhall be ours, but we fhall take 
 
 care
 
 " care to have it fo, by infixing on receiving all up to fixteen per cent, which 
 " we are perfuaded, is the utmoft extent of probable profit that will accrue 
 ** from the Company's poffeflions. Should, however, the profits,, by a de* 
 ** gree of good management very unlikely to happen, exceed that proportion, 
 " we will then condefcend to admit the Company to an equal fhare of this 
 imaginary furplus, this bubble of expectation, never to be realifed. In re- 
 " turn for this great condefcenfion on our part, you fhall have the honour of 
 " being the fole drudges in the management of this bufmefs, bccaufe we are 
 " convinced, by the wonderful txtent of your pad ceconorny, and by the 
 c - great care you have (hewn to provide for the lafting profperity of your pof- 
 " fefiions, as well as by the effectual means you have ukd to fecure all the 
 " riches of India to yourfelves, and to let none of them to go into the 
 c pockets of your fervants, that you are exceedingly equal to this ar- 
 " duous employment. Moreover, we will not affront you, by making an of- 
 " fer of paying for one half of the fortifications, building, guns, {lores, &c. 
 " &c. conftructed and provided by you, at an immenfe expence, for the ne- 
 *' ceflary fecurity of your poffcflions : You fhall have the merit of making a 
 " prefent of all that to the State, in return for the honour it does you, by call- 
 *' ing you it's partner, and we will content ourfelves with the whole of the 
 w profits, without being at a farthing expence, or bearing any of the drud- 
 gery." 
 
 If, after reading this fair (late of the Propofal, any one will ftill be hardy- 
 enough to throw down the gauntlet, as a champion for the juftice and mode- 
 ration of Government, I certainly {hall not accept the challenge, not chufmg 
 to fight wind-mills, nor to run my head againft Hone walls. 
 
 I now proceed to the latt head of difcuffion, namely, to examine, 
 
 < l The degree of exclufive controul and management, propofed to be vefted 
 in the Company, independent of Government." 
 
 In
 
 In examining which, I lhall firft confider tfie demands and expectations of 
 the Directors, on this head, in behalf of the Company ; and then advert to 
 the requifition of the Minifter on behalf the State. 
 
 The Direftors begin their Propofitions, by requiring, c< That all their 
 Charter "Rights and Privileges, lhall be preferved to them entire." Had 
 they condefcended to have expreffed this wifh, with forne degree of limitation, 
 I conceive, it would have been both more modeft and more ju'ft. For example, 
 had they thought proper to infert the following claiue, namely "So far as 
 regards our exclufive trade, and the management of our commerce," perhaps 
 the requifition \vould have been more reafonable, as well as more refpectful, 
 than as it Hands at prefent.. Their demand may be thus tranflated : " We? 
 a expect, not orrfy the-exclufive management of our trade, the fole object of 
 ' our former Charter privileges^ (in which claim they are perfectly well found- 
 " ed) but we infift alfo on the entire adminiftrritien of. the. territory the fole 
 "right of Indian legiflation and the undivided exercife of collecting and 
 44 employing the revenues. We are aware that this demand is rather outre on 
 44 our part, but ft ill we will be much obliged to you, if you will grant ir. . 
 * We fhou'ld offend the Proprietors, if we acted otherwife ; and if you give 
 41 it us, we will make it up to you, in more eflential matters : for we will 
 * permit you to pocket the whole revenues, if you will give us all the power. 
 We muft: be, at the leaft we muft apar to be, the fole Governors and . 
 *Ti caterers. We muft have the oftenfible difpofal of all places, and have ic 
 44 abfolutely in our power to enrich our friends and dependents, at the expence 
 44 of the public. In fhort, we will do all the bufmefs take a little care of 
 "the Company a great deal of your friends and cur friends, and let the. 
 44 public at large Ihitt for themfelves. Finally, we infift upon being great 
 44 men, in appearance, but you lhall have all .the power, under ike llofe" 
 
 " Gentlemen, replies the Minifter, I pardon the prefumption of yonr de- 
 44 mand, on account of the motive from whence I conceive it to have origi- 
 44 nated, namely, your defire to approve yourfelves the faithful guardians of 
 * the rights of your conftituents j but 1 will not fo far degrade your difcern- 
 44 ment, as to fuppofe, that your claim to exclufive management of revenue 
 
 44 as
 
 "" as well as trade, carr be juftifi. d by your private opinions, and conviction o 
 " it's equity and propriety. Surely,. Gentlemen, a participation of revenue 
 " r.ecefiarily implies a proportionable Ifeare, in the management of thofe 
 " countries from whence that revenue is to arife. In regard to influence, 
 " under the Rofe, it would be highly unbecoming in the Minifter of this great 
 ** nation,, in the adjuftment of fo important a bufinefs as the prefent, to appear' 
 " to give weight to, or to be actuated by, fash indirect motives. Betides, neither 
 '* my time, my inclination, nor the turn of my mind, lead me to court fuch in- 
 '* fluence. Other miftifters, .perhaps, of lefs official connection with the' 
 "Company, may have courted it, acid may have obtained it. The motive's ; 
 ** of my claim, in behalf of the State, to a lhare of territorial management, 
 "however unpopular that claim may be,. I am yec not afhamed to own, be'- 
 w caufe I am convinced, it is founded both on juftice and expediency ; nor' 
 has the paflr management of the Company's poflfelTions; in the- hands of the 
 * Directors, and of fervants of their appointing, had any tendency to lefleri 
 ** that perluafion. Partnerfhip (1 fpeak to yon now as merchants) neceffarily 
 * involves in it a fhare of direction; When I fay this, 1'am at the fame time,. 
 ** perfectly aware, of the degree of unpopularity and jealoufy, that will be 
 ** excited, efpecially in the prefent moment,, by the adoption of any meafure^ 
 '* that tends to increafe the power, and to extend' the influence of the Crown; 
 ' however juft, however neceflary it may be, on the prerent occafion. On 
 " that account I am difpofed to wave my claim to oflenfible, domefllc manage- 
 " ir.enr, and' to confine it within the bounds already prefcribed by Parliament, 
 *' of nominating the Governor General and' Supreme Council in Bengal, as 
 '** being the executive power in the adminiftration'of revenue. On the part of 
 " the Crown, and of'the public, if domeftic direction is expected to be given up,, 
 " I muft infilt upon the nomination" to thoie important offices ; and in granting 
 
 ** it, there will (till remain to the Company a much' more exteniive nomination^ 
 '* to places of greater traft and emolument-, than'is now claimed on behalf of t^e' 
 
 " Public. If, therefore, that friare of foreign direction which I demand, is npt 
 ' " admitted, the decifion muil be left 'to parliament, who may probably think 
 
 "that a (hare of domeftic, as well as of local direction, ; is the indifputable right 
 
 u of the nation in this bufinefs.'* 
 
 . 
 
 D- Krmtr:
 
 ( '4 ) 
 
 Permit me now, in the character of mids-man, and with no other intereft in 
 the caufe, than as a ftrenuous advocate for the rights of the nation at large, and 
 of the abfcnt natives of Hindoftan, (perhaps not iumViendy attended to on ei- 
 ther fide) to pronounce the following impartial decifion on the merits of this 
 important queftion. 
 
 " My Lord, and Gentlemen, 
 
 " I have hitherto liftened to the arguments of both fides, with filence and at- 
 11 tentk>n ; with attention, not only to the outward texture of your reafoning, 
 .'* but to the inward fprings alfo, by which you are actuated. I have endeavoured 
 " to .pry into the very bottom of your fouls ; and this is the refult of my inqueft : 
 
 " As for you, Gentlemen of the Direction, you have fpoke with fo much 
 " fimplicity and plainnefs of fpeech,that it is impofiible to miftake your mean- 
 " ing : Your arguments, therefore, as well as your motives, require no com- 
 44 ment : they are both fufficiently obvious. 
 
 " In regard to your Lordfliip, while I admire the dignity and difinterefted- 
 
 '' nefs of your profeffions, I am forry that I do not find myfelf juftificd in pay- 
 
 " ing the fame compliment to your abilities, on the prefent occafion : I would 
 
 *' rather wifli to iuppofe, and I think it moft probable, that the formation of 
 
 " this crude, inadequate, and ill-digefted plan, has been the work of others, 
 
 14 more than of your Lord (hip : I have already pointed out the bad policy, and 
 
 " the ruinous conlequences, refulting from the very (hort term, propofed for the 
 
 J " duration of the Company's charter. I have alfo, I conceive, fufficiently 
 
 '" brought to light the enormity of your Lord (hip's demand, in regard to the 
 
 *' Quantum of participation required for the public : The mode propofed, 
 
 " for obtaining that quantum, is equally exceptionable, but I defer the confi- 
 
 " deration of that matter for the prefent, and proceed to (hew, that the de- 
 
 " gree of management, and direction, claimed by you, in behalf of the 
 
 * c public, falls as much (hort of that extent and efficacy of controul which is 
 
 J "- their due, as their propofed proportion of revenue exceeds that due. I 
 
 l< have already exprefied my conviction that the eight per cent, demanded for the 
 
 Public, before the Company can receive any /hare of the Revenue, 
 
 " is
 
 ( 15 ) 
 
 ** is more than that Revenue will ever be brought to produce, in the 
 <c way which your Lordfaip has thought proper to confent to tite future 
 44 Adminiftration of the Company's (ettlements : This being the .cafe, why 
 ** not infift upon the whole of the management, as well as the whole of 
 <l the Revenue ? I readily allow that fuch an aflumption of power would be 
 ** too grofs to pafs on the Public, but I mull at the fame time affirm, 
 44 that the one naturally refults from the other, and, in point of abflract juf- 
 <{ tice, is juft as much their due : But your Lordfliip, in avoiding Scilla, 
 *' had fallen upon Charibdis, and your dread of claiming an unpopular, 
 *' though juft right, has induced you on this, as on many other occa- 
 44 fions, to facrifice to your characterise timidity, the neceflary autho- 
 4C rity of the State. I can conceive your Lordfhip to have argued in this 
 44 manner : We muft not revolt the Company, and increafe the popular clamour, 
 ** by demanding oftevfible direction, to the extent of our claim : We will de- 
 44 pend for a fhare of domeftic management, on the well known influence 
 <c of the Crown, in the choice of Directors : We will confine ourferves to the 
 * appointment of the fupreme Council, partly becaufe we have ialready got 
 41 Parliamentary fandtion to that claim, and more efpecially, as it will af* 
 * 4 ford us the ample means of future Patronage: Had you confulted 
 " only the intereft of the State, it would have occurred to your Lord- 
 44 (hip, that, though the election of the fupreme Council was vefted In the 
 44 Crown, yet in the excution of their truft, and in the difpofition of the Re- 
 44 venues, they were to act under the orders of the Court of Directors, and not 
 " of Mmifters; confequently, though you might gain the nomination of 
 44 lucrative appointments, yet the nation would gain nothing in point of 
 44 controul over the Company. It might alfo have occurred to your Lord- 
 4t (hip, on a retrofpect of the pad management of the Company, refpecting 
 44 their territories, both in point of internal policy, and in appropriating their 
 * immenfe revenues for the benefit of the Company, inftead of permitting 
 44 them to become a prey to the rapacity of their fervants, that when fucli 
 " total want of good policy, and of ceconomy, exifted, at a time when 
 44 the exertion of thofe virtues tended folely to enrich themfelves and their 
 c conftituents, is it not probable they will exift, in a fuperior degree, when, 
 44 they know, that all their labour, and all their pains, will only ferve 
 
 " to"
 
 " to benefit the State^ and not tbevtfdves-. It is rather to be -expected that 
 " they will be very indifferent to the intereit of the State, and very attentive 
 " to their own, and. that of their friends and d^psndents." 
 
 Upon-- the whole, I think it rauft be allowed, that the proportions are ex? 
 ceedingly defective, in their conftiiuent and moft effential parts, namely ; in 
 regard to duration of Charter,, participation of revenue^ and future manage- 
 ment: That the foundation is bad, and the. fuperftruclure ftill more inadequate: 
 .And in fliort, that the whole is a heterogeneous concoction of crude and ill du 
 gefted materials, and a ftrange mixture of city politics and courtly manage.- 
 mcntj in which, whilft each party has been endeavouring to make the beft: 
 bargain pofllble for themfelves, the more effential and permanent intereft of the^ 
 State, has been neglefted by bttb.. 
 
 ' 
 Having now, as I. conceive, effectually demolifhed the old building, Fpro- 
 
 ceed to the ftill more arduous task of conftruding a new^. and a better- 
 one, in it's place. The cliunfy day: labourer can pull, down, but it requires 
 both the head and the hand of an artift to plan and to conftruct, and, from- 
 the old and defective materials o a tottering edifice, to raife a much more ca- 
 pacious one, more folid in it's foundation, juft in. it* proportions, and 
 better calculated for convenience, beauty and duration. Let me then, for the 
 benefit of my honourable maftcrs, and of my. Country, once more relume the 
 employment of engineer, (in which I. have acted under them, for thefe laft fix- 
 teen years) and conllrucT:, for thjeir ute, a citadel, capable of fecuring their 
 MagnaQjarta,Q>i'y&. rights and privileges, and of. withstanding all the affaults, 
 which the enemies of- the, Company, or of the State, can unitedly bring 
 againft ir. 
 
 I found my building on the following preliminary Pfopofitions, by way 
 of bafis. 
 
 ; 
 
 FIRST. That the Company have an undoubted claim to the continuance of 
 all their charter rights and privileges, fo far as they relate to trade. 
 
 SECOND. That the longer the duration that is given to thir new charter, (fb 
 far as it can be done confiftent with the fafety and advantage of the ftate) the 
 
 greater
 
 ( 17 ) 
 
 greater degree of permanence, (lability and profperity will accrue to the Com- 
 pany, and to their pofieffions, and proportionable advantages will refult to 
 
 the State. 
 
 THIRDLY. That it is juft and reafonable, and has ever been cuftomary, that 
 -an adequate confideration fhould be paid to government, for a renewal of charter^ 
 and the continuance of the Company's exclufive trade. 
 
 FOURTHLY. That it will be for the mutual interefl of the Company, and'of 
 the State, more efpecially in the prefent criiis of Public affairs, to fettle ami- 
 cably the queftion of territorial right, and to agree to an equal participation of 
 revenue, or e-/tn, if infilled on, to a -total ceffion of right to the Company, on 
 -condition of i'uch perpetual participation. 
 
 FIFTHLY. That fuch a mode of participation, as fhall appear to be the moft 
 -fimple, leaii liable to litigation and abufe, and beft calculated to promote ceco- 
 nomy and good management, in the colkdion and appropriation of the reve- 
 nue.s, is the mod proper to be adopted. 
 ' 
 
 SIXTHLY. That a partkipa r ran of management, fo far as relates to territory, 
 Ihcukl alib take place between the Public an-d the Company, as the moft 
 equitable and beft kCcirity, f^r the prelervauon and improvement of thejoint 
 inrerefts of both. 
 
 Upon thefe, as eftablifhed preliminaries, I build the following leading pro-, 
 pofitions, as the bafis of an agreement between Government and the Company. 
 
 PROPOSI TIO N s. 
 
 FIRST, That all the Company's Charter Rights and Privileges, fo far as th) 
 regard trade, mall be prefervtrd to them irftire, and their exclufive trade pro- 
 longed for the term of Thirty Tears, bcfides the three years notice to be given. 
 
 SECOND, That in -confideraron of the above, the Eafl India Company friall 
 advance and pay into his Majefty's Exchequer, for the ufe of the Public, One 
 
 E Million
 
 Million anfca Half- of pounds fterling, without intercft, at fuch times-, and', in- 
 fuch proportions as (hall be. agreed upon. That,. provided their, territories con- 
 tinue in their pofkiTion, and their dividends upon their capital amount to 
 twelve per cent, at the end of fifteen years, they (hall in that cafe, pay to Go- 
 vernment, as above, a farther million ,of pounds fterlingj for the remaining 
 fifteen years of. their Charter. 
 
 THIRDLY. That the adminiftration of the Company's affairs mall come under, 
 the iofpection, controul and correction of Parliament,, orure every thux-e years. 
 
 FOURTHLY. That an equal participation of the territorial revenue, fliall 
 commence between the Public and the Company, upon the following principle^ 
 viz. That three fifths of the grofs revenues are, or.ought to be, equal to all . 
 the expences of collection, and of. the civil and military eftablifhmenrs, of. 
 the territories in India. 
 
 That, therefore one fifth, of the grofs revenues, or 45. in the pound land tax* , 
 be annually paid into the hands of an angent for the Public, to be ftationed al 
 each of the Company's fettlements, who is to have a feat in the Council of 
 fuch fettlement. The faid fifth to be lent to the Governor and Council of that 
 fettlement, in behalf of the Company, in order to be vefted in the commodities 
 of the country, and. in thit dupe, .tranfported .to Britain: To be repaid to 
 Government here, at an exchange hereafter to be fettled. The remaining fifth 
 to be the property of the Company. 
 
 FIFTH. That fix. of .the twenty four Directors be always in the nomination 
 of the Crown. . 
 
 SIXTH. That the fix Crown Direftors mall not be fubjected to the qualifi- 
 cations, in point of poflcfijon of (lock, now.fub.lfting in- regard to ^eligibility., 
 but may cither be Proprietors or .not, as his Majcfty fhall .think fit. 
 
 SEVENTH, That the expence of military fuccours, fent at any time by Govern- 
 ment to India, foaU be defrayed, jointly and equally, by the Public and the 
 Company. 
 
 SEVENTH, That
 
 EIGHTH, That the Secretary of State for the Colon if s, (who, tho* the pre*- 
 fent war Miniiter, Mr Burke, with a degree of truth and modefty, confpicuous 
 on that fide of the Houfe of Commons, has ft i led to be the pofTcfTor of a fine- 
 cure office) fhall have fomething actually to do, by being appointed Secretary of 
 State for the Eaft India Colonies alfo, and fhall fie as a Director, whenever he 
 chufes to attend. That no orders or inftructions, relative to territorial Govern- 
 ment, or revenue, to the military, to negotiation, or to War or Peace, fhall be' 
 tranfcnicted to India, without his previous concurrence and confent ; and all com- 
 munications, received from India, oh thofe- fubpcts, fhall be immediarely tranf- 
 mitted to him. That the faid Secretary of State, fhall nominate a Sub-fecretaryv 
 for the peculiar management, under him, of the Eaft India department-, which 
 under Secretary shall alwavs be one of the fix Directors, nominated by 
 Government, and ihall not be liable to go out at the end of four years. 
 
 NINTH, That to give the prefent Directors time to conclude, as they have* 
 carried on the prefent treaty, they be continued in the direction for one year 
 longer, without change, unlefs that the youngeft of the fix Directors, who 
 would have gone out by rotation, do go out> to make t room for the Sub* 
 fecretary of the Secretary of State. 
 
 TXNTH, That in confideration of the great'additional weight of bufinefs, lately 
 incurred by the Court of Directors, an increafe of falary do take place, ir 
 fome proportion to the fatigue and importance of their ftation ; namely, that 
 the Chairman have an annual falary of loool. the Deputy Chairman 750!. and 
 each of the Directors 500!, 
 
 ELEVENTH, That to prevent the inconvenitnciesof a too frequent fluctuation of 
 men and meafures, in the management of the Company's affairs, the Chairman 
 and Deputy do continue to enjoy thofe Places, as long as Two Thirds of the 
 Proprietors fhall give their voice for the fame v nor fhall any Director go our; 
 as long as Two Thirds of the Proprietors continue to vote for his Remaining. 
 
 TWELFTH, That to fecure the conftant attendance of the Directors, to the 
 difcharge of their important trnft, there be, at the leaO, three court days in the 
 
 week,.
 
 ( 20 ) 
 
 -week, all the year round : That for each day's abfence of the Chairman, whe- 
 ther from illnefs or otherwife, he be liable to a ftoppage of 5!. the Deputy of 
 3!. and each of the Directors, of 2!. 
 
 THIRTEENTH, That no perfon be chofen Director, who is engaged in any 
 .active fcene of bufmeis. 
 
 FOURTEENTH, That in confideration of the powerful military force, under the 
 Company's orders, there be never lefs nor marc than two military Gentlemen be- 
 ponging to the direction. 
 
 FIFTEENTH, That, for a Similar reafcn, there be never lefs nor mcre^ than 
 :fbur retired Captains of Indiamen, in the direction. 
 
 SIXTEENTH, That there be conftantly in the direction, at leaft one gentlc- 
 jman, returned from each cf the Company's Settlements in India. 
 
 SEVENTEENTH, That the fix Crown Directors be always Members of the 
 Committee of Correfpondcnce. 
 
 EIGHTEENTH, That fome effectual mode be adopted, for preventing the ra- 
 pid acquifitions of fortunes, by their krvants in India, r.t the ^xpence of the 
 Company, their territories, and allies. 
 
 NINETEENTH, That fome reafonable mode of permitting the Servants of the 
 Company, to remit moderate fortunes to Kngland, through the channel of the 
 Company, be found out, in order to prevent indirect remittances, and fuch as -arc 
 injurious to the intertft ot the Company. 
 
 TWENTIETH, That a greater degree of credit be given, in point of borrow- 
 ing money, in moments of extreme exigency, to the governors and councils of ^ 
 the different Settlements, fo as not to diflrcfs the Company at home. 
 
 TWENTY FIRST, That \\\e privilege tonnage, allowed the captains, and officers of 
 Indiamen, be greatly curtailed j and an exprefs prohibition given to their inveft*
 
 ing any m^ney in the conrno^itifs of India, in their returning voyages: In 7 
 compenlatiou l^r this, an IB c real-- or wagrs to be paid them, and a j/ermiiiion 
 given ch- .11, of p^ng in the prouuce ot their outward bouad inveftmenti, into 
 tiie Company's calri in India. 
 
 TWENTY SECOND, That in order toohtain the unconfirmed afTiftance of many- 
 Gcntkmen of great ability now in this country, and returned from India, in framing 
 a fee of confticutions for the better government of the territories in India, a gene- 
 ral act of re mffion and oblivion take place, in regard to all paft offences and 
 mifdemeanours, committed by any of the Company's Servants, which (hall not 
 be at this prelent time under legal difcufllon. 
 
 LASTLY, That a Committee of Proprietors 'to be nominated jointly, as hereafter 
 fpecined by the Minifter and the Court of Directors) be appointed, and authorifed ' 
 to join in confukation with the Court of Directors, for the purpofe of altering, 
 amending, and enlarging the proportions now before the Court; fo as to bring 
 them to corref pond more perfectly with the fenfe of the Proprietary at large 5 
 and to remove ;as tar as is confifteat with the Company's rJ,glits) fjuch obftruc- 
 tions, as may impede, or prevent the final concurrence -of Admmiitrarion, and 
 ef Parliament. 
 
 The Committee to be chofen in manner following, viz. Such Proprietors as 
 may be willing to become Members of this Committee, to fend in their names, 
 within three days, to the Company's Secretary. 
 
 From the names thus given in, the Court of Directors to nominate Twelve,. 
 and his Majefty's Chancellor of the Exchequer the fame number, which, with 
 the Twenty- four Directors, fhall form the faid Committee. 
 
 Should there not be a fufficient number of names given in, then the Directors 
 to feted fuch Proprietors as they may think proper, to make up their number of 
 twelve. The Minifter to do the fame, or (if he thinks fit; to nominate gentle- 
 men, on the part of ridminiftration, who may not be Proprietors of India ftock. 
 
 Out of this committee of forty eight, a felect committee to be chofen, to con- 
 fid of twelve members : namely fix Diredors, including the two chairs,, three 
 
 & Proprietors
 
 Proprietors, to be chofcn by the Directors, and three by the Minifter.' This 
 committee to be occafionally an open committee, to receive all fuch Plans, 
 Propofals or information as may be laid before them, and to prepare, digeft 
 and arrange, a.fet of Proportions for the confideration of the general com- 
 mittee, and to call them together when they may find it necefiary. When the 
 Proportions are adjufted by the general committee, a general Court of Pro 
 pfietors is to be called, by whom they are to be ratified or rejt&ed by Ballot. 
 
 The Chairman to wait on Lord North, to know if his Lordfhip will ap- 
 prove of the foregoing mode of proceeding. 
 
 
 P. S. Query, Would it not be proper, that the Government or the Company, 
 fbould give loool. or fuch other fum as they (ball think adequate, to be paid 
 to the perfon who gives in the beft and fhorteft draughts of a charter, or articles 
 of partnerfhtp, betwixt Government and the Company, 
 
 APPENDIX 
 
 * 
 
 . 
 
 '
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 PROPOSITIONS, as prepared by the COURT of DIRECTORS. 
 
 Court of Directors of the Raft-India Company having taken into their 
 mo/l feriout 'confederation the terms neceffary to be offered to government 
 
 for the prolongation of the Company's Charter, beg leave, upm the mojl 
 mature deliberation, to fubmit the folio-wing propofitiom to the confedera- 
 tion of Lord North, as the bajis of an agreement with government 
 
 for thatpurpofe. 
 
 PROPOSITIONS. 
 
 I. nP^HAT all the Eaft-India company's prtfent charter-rights and privileges 
 JL (hall be prderved to them entire, and their exclufive trade prolonged 
 for the term of ten years, befides the three years notice to be given, according 
 to the proviiion made for that purpofe, in the fubfilting act of the i;th of 
 George the Second. 
 
 II. That in confideration of all their prefent charter-rights and prvilieges of 
 exclufive trade being fo preferved and prolonged, as aforefaid, the Eaft- India 
 company (hall advance and pay into his Majefty's Exchequer, for the ufe of the 
 public, one million of pounds fterling, without intereft, at fuch times, and in 
 fuch proportions, as (hail be agreed upon between the Lords Commiflloncrs of 
 his Majefty's treafury and the Court of Directors of the faid company. 
 
 III. That the faid fum of one million (hall be repaid on or before the 25th 
 day of March, 1790-, and the company's right to an exclufive trade mall not 
 be determined after that time, until the faid one million mall be repaid, as 
 well as the four millions two hundred thoufand pounds, now due from the 
 public to the company. 
 
 IV. That the company be authorized and impowered to borrow on bond, 
 under their common feal, or otherwife, any fum or fums of money, not ex- 
 ceeding one million, over and above the amount of their prefent bond debt in 
 England. 
 
 V. That in cafes of necefiity the company fhall be at liberty, with the ap- 
 probation and content of the lords of the treafury, to borrow upon bond, or 
 otherwife, any fum or fums of money, not exceeding five hundred thoufand 
 pounds, over and above the amount of their prefent bond debt, and of the ad- 
 ditional million to be borrowed, as beforememioned j or over and ab^c any 
 lefs fum, which fhall happen to be their bond debt when fuch cafes of necefflty 
 
 {hall
 
 ( 24 ) 
 
 fliall arife. But as money, fo to be borrowed, wilt only be for relief in tem- 
 porary exigencies, it (hall ot affeft an/ of the provifions made in the follow- 
 ing Proportions, refpecting div.ucaa;* to be made amongft the Proprietors. 
 
 VI. That each and every year a diftinft account of the nett profits of the Com- 
 pany be made up , and that each year the nett profits be divided in the man- 
 ner following : viz. 
 
 The Company fhall always receive eight per cent, if the profits be equal 
 thereto.. 
 
 The Public fhall alfo receive eight per cent, if the profits amount to fixreen 
 per cent. 
 
 When the profits are lefs than fixteen per cent, the Public fhall icceive all", 
 above eight per cent.. 
 
 If the profits exceed fixteen per cent, the furplus fliall be equally divided 
 between the Public and the Company. 
 
 And the moiety of the furplus appropriated to the Company, fhall each year,. 
 after payment of the increafed dividend herein after-mentioned, be applied to 
 the diicharge of the Company's debt. 
 
 VII. That to the prefent dividend of eight per cent, to the Proprie- 
 tors, fhall be added an increafe of dividend, not exceeding one per cent. each, 
 and every year, until the dividend fhall be ten per cent, per annum, if the Com- 
 pany's moiety of the profits be equal thereto ;. and from that period, or fo foon 
 after as four hundred thoufand pounds of the prefent debt fhall be paid off, a 
 further additional dividend of one per cent, per annum fhall he made-, and 
 when the further fum of four hundred thoufand pounds be paid oft, another 
 addition of one per cent, per annum dividend ; and when two hundred thou- 
 fand pour.ds, the remainder of ihc m.llion now to be borrowed, (h-alJ be paid 
 off, the dividend fhall be increafed to twelve and a half per cent, per annum. 
 
 VIII. That the Company (hall remain in poftcilion of all the territorial 
 acquiii ions and revenues of the Dcwannee of Bengal, Bahar and Oriffa, for and 
 during the term of the exclufive trade to be granted to. the Company, in the 
 fame manner as they are now entitled to their other territorial acquisitions and 
 revenues, without prejudice to the claim of the Public or of the Company. 
 
 IX. That the term of this agreement of participation between the Public 
 and the Company, Jhail commence and take place on and from the firlt day of 
 March, 1780. 
 
 That
 
 ( 25 ) 
 
 X. That in order, to the utmoft of their power, to alleviate t'he public bur- 
 thens, whenever the fituation of affairs mall render it neceflary for the Com- 
 pany to apply to Government for a naval force, or for troops to be fent to, and 
 remain in the Eaft Indies ; the Company fhall contribute towards defraying 
 the expence thereof, out of fuch furplus money as fhall arife from the territorial 
 revenues in Bengal, and remain in their treafury, after providing for all ufual ex- 
 pences, and for the Company's European investments, and for lupplies to China, 
 and their other fettlements ; and likewife after rcferving a fund of one million in 
 the Company's treafuries in India for contingencies, or feven hundred thoufand 
 pounds in Bengal, and three hundred thoufand pounds in the other treafuries of 
 the Company in India, over and above the amount of the Company's debts in 
 India-, then the fupply to be allowed and paid by the Company to 'Government, 
 on account of naval and military expences ro be incurred, as aforefaid, fhall ex- 
 tend to the payment of a fum, n-ot exceeding thirty thoufand pounds per annorn 
 for every fhip of feventy-four guns, and twenty five thoufanil pounds per annum 
 for every fmp of fixty four guns, and ten thoufand pounds per annum for every* 
 frigate, employed in India ; not exceeding two fh;ps. of feventy-four guns each, 
 fix fhips of fixtv four guns each, and three frigates, in time of war ; and no: 
 exceeding three mips of fixty-four guns each, and two frigates, in time of peace v , 
 and alfo to the payment of a furn, not exceeding twenty thoufand pounds per 
 annum, for one regiment of land forces, confining of one thoufand men, or 
 forty thoufand pounds per annum, for two regiment?, if wanted, confiding of 
 two thoufand men, provided it is neceflary to expend fuch fuitis on the above 
 number of fhips and troops in India, amounting in the whole, to a fum not 
 exceeding two hundred and eighty thoufand pounds in time of war; or not ex- 
 ceeding one hundred and thirty-five thoufand pounds in time of peace; which 
 payments ihall be made in India, and computed at and after the Vate of two 
 Shillings and three pence the current rupee of Bengal, from whence the faid 
 fupplies muft always be obtained. 
 
 XI. That the power of nominating and removing the Governors-General and 
 Council of Bengal be henceforth veiled rn the directors of the Eaft India 
 Company, according to the provifion made for that purpofe, in the act of 
 the thirteenth of his prefent Majefty, 
 
 XII. That in order to afcertain the nett profits arifing from the company's trade 
 and revenues, an account fhall be made up of the profit and lofs upon the 
 whole of the faid trade and revenues, together with a ftate of the Com- 
 pany's debts in England, exclufive of their bond debr, to the firft day of 
 March in every year ; and the firft of fuch ftitements or accounts fhall be 
 made upon the ift day of March, 1781, or fo foon afterwards as the neceflary 
 materials can be prepared, for the year preceding. And every fuch flatement or 
 
 G account, 
 
 354913
 
 account, fairly written, and figned by two or more directors oFthe company,, 
 fhali be tranfmitted, within thirty days after the day to which it (hall be made* 
 up, to the commiffioners of his Majefty's treafury, or to the high treafurer for 
 the time being. 
 
 XIII. That Accounts of the grofs amount of all the territorial revenues re- 
 ceived by the Company, and of all their difburfcments,. "charges of Manage- 
 ment^ civil, military, and other expences and charges, and of the nett proceeds. 
 in each of the iettlements of the Company,. (hall allb be annually made up, and 
 prefented to the Lords of the Treafury, on, or fo foon after, the ift Day of, 
 March in each year, as the receipt of the neceffary materials from India ihall 
 enable the Company, to form iuch accounts. 
 
 XIV. That the Moiety, of the fwrplns profits, to be appropriated to the public, . 
 ftall be paid, annually into his- Majefty Exchequer,, for the difpofition ot- 
 parliament. 
 
 XV.. That the power of drawing bills of Exchange upon the Court of Direc? 
 tors be retrained, as it > is by the act of the i3thGeo. III. 
 
 XVI. That no bill, promifiary . note, or other obligation for money, . ifTued, , 
 or to be iffued by, any of the company's prefidents and councils, or fervants, in > 
 India, or in China,, and made payable there, fhall become payable in Eng- . 
 land, without the conient of the court of directors firfl obtained for that pur- 
 pole. 
 
 XVII. That no bill or bills- of exchange drawn upon the company, or t 
 court of directors, by any ot their fervants in India, .or in China, beyond the - 
 amount authorised by, or contrary to the orders of the court of, directors, mail ; 
 be obligatory or binding upon the company in England, .until fuch bill or bills,. 
 fhall have been accepted ;.but every holder of fuch bill or bills of exchange, 
 lhall have recouafe to the pcrfon or perfona who may nave figned the fame, as 
 the drawer or drawers ihciejf. . 
 
 XVIII. That no BritiQi fubjcct in the /erviceof the company, or -. licenfed . 
 by them to proceed to India, lhall refujc in any other place in India, than one. 
 of thje company's principal lettkraents, or within twenty miles thereof, without, 
 fpecial orvltrs or liccnfc in wirting.from the company, or from their ,prefident or. 
 governor arvd council j.nor fhall any fuch perfon or perfons refide be)ond luch , 
 limits, as atoreiuid, for longer time than ihall be ipecifkd in the company's or- - 
 dc;Sj or in his or tbcir iiccnit or Ucenles 
 
 . 
 XIX.
 
 XTX". That the fervants of the company in India be reftrained from lend. 
 i'r.:f money to foreign companies and to foreign merchants, and from purchafing 
 goods in India for fuch companies or merchants to be fent to Europe, and 
 from being concerned therein directly or indirectly ; and allo from furnilhing; 
 the n with tne credit of bills drawn upon their correfpondents or other perlons 
 in Europe. 
 
 XX. That the company's exclufive rights and privileges of trade be fo ex- 
 tended, as to prevent the importation of goods and merchandize, the produce 
 of the Eaft Indit-s, by the way of Suez, or by any other channel to the preju-- 
 
 diee of the company. 
 
 XXI. That fuch regulations be formed, as (hall, if poflible, prevent fmug- 
 gling , and that no power of remiflion or mitigation be veiled in the Court of 
 
 Directors. 
 
 XXII; That the Company be permitted to lodge recruits, defigned for 
 their Settlements in the Eaft Indies, in Tilbury Fort, Jerfey, or Guernfey, or in 
 fome other of his Majeft'ys forts, with one officer to fuperintend the fame, and 
 a- iufficitnt number of ferjeants to take care of the men, in order to obviate the 
 difficulties, and to prevent the expence occafioued by the want of fuch, accom- 
 modation-. 
 
 XXIII. That the Company be enabled to import and export goods to and 
 from this kingdom, and places within the limits of the Company's Charter, in 
 fbip?, by purchale or otherwife, the property of the Company, the fame being 
 navieartd in the manner prefcribed by che laws now in being, refpecting Britifti 
 built ftnps. 
 
 XXIV. That the Company's marine force at Bombay, and their other prin- 
 cipal Settlements in Ind'u,.be made fubject to the like articles and rules as the' 
 {hips or war in his M-. jetty's iervice, fo far as the circumftances of the faid ma- 
 rine force may render the fame pracli able ; and that the Prefident and Coun- 
 cil in the reflective feultments, be auihonied to ifflie warrants -for holding courts 
 martial for the trial of offenders. 
 
 XXV. That -fuch ot-her regulations be made, for the better management of 
 fhe^Cotnpahy's affa-rs, as, on further cor.iiderauun,.ftiall be found ncceilary } and < 
 be reqgireu by tne Company, 
 
 XXVI. That the Court of D'nectors will recommend the above proportions 
 toiheir conftiuencs ; but that nothing can be ruiuliy co..ciudeJ, , without the 
 concurrence tf the Court of Proprietors. 
 
 E-.tft 'ndia Ho ufe, 
 2$ tb January, i/yiJo, F I N IS,'
 
 7 35
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
 Los Angeles 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
 Form L9-32m-8,'58(5876s4)444 
 
 UHIVERSJ 
 
 'ALIFORNIA
 
 DS 
 
 Mit< 
 
 \2P2 Thoughts on the 
 
 ir.2 
 
 Government and 
 the East India 
 
 DS 
 
 463 
 A2P2 
 1780 
 v.2 
 
 
 A 000017697