^'^r:ism^m;mA 
 
 :,';:Xi^'^i?vi::;-:;'3K^ 
 
 ?M 
 
 'M^iLU^'-J
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA 
 AT LOS ANGELES
 
 Mi&ttllmtK ^tttiqua ^nglicana: 
 
 SELECT COLLECTION 
 
 CURIOUS TRACTS, 
 
 ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE HISTORY, LITERATURE, ]NL\.\NER.s, 
 AND BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 THE ENGLISH NATION. 
 
 VOL. 1. 
 
 LON DON: 
 
 I'RINTED m 'V. I'.KXSI.KV AM) SON, 
 
 JJulf Court, I'll, I Slrid ; 
 
 FOR ROBERT TRJPIIOOK. '<:), OI.I) HON!) STREllT 
 18H).
 
 
 
 Hi 
 
 IDA 
 
 ARRANGEMENT AND CONTENTS OF VOL. I. 
 
 1. Some Particulars of the Life and Death of David Rizzio. 
 
 With a Portrait. 
 
 2. Account of the Quarrel between Arthur Hall and Melchisedech 
 
 Mallerie. 1579- 
 
 3. Account of The Christmas Prince, as it was exhibited in the 
 
 University of Oxford in the year 1607. 
 
 4. Old Meg of Herefordshire for a Maid Marian, and Hereford 
 
 Town for a Morris Dance. IdOQ. 
 
 5. The Cold Yeare l6l4. 
 
 6. The Life of Long Meg of Westminster. 1635. 
 
 7. Historic of Fryer Bacon. 
 
 4U;895
 
 r^ILJllLU 
 
 
 / 

 
 SOME 
 
 PARTICULARS 
 
 LIFE 
 
 OF 
 
 DAVID RICCIO, 
 
 CHIEF FAVOURITE OF 
 
 MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS. 
 
 TO WHICH IS ADDED 
 
 THE RELATION OF HIS DEATH, 
 
 WRITTEN BY THE 
 
 LORD RUTHEN, 
 
 ONE OF THE PRINCIPALS CONCERNED IN THAT ACTION, 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR ROUKRT TRIPHOOK, 
 
 37, ST. JAMKS'S STREET. 
 181.5.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 The following particulars respecting David Riccio have 
 been collected from Buchanan, Sir James Melville, and 
 other cotemporary writers, as a proper appendage to 
 the curious and interesting portrait of this minion of 
 fortune, which is now for the first time engraved. 
 The original picture, of the same size, is in the collection 
 of Constantine Jennings, Esq. by whose liberal and 
 kind indulgence it was permitted to be engraved ex- 
 pressly for this work. The artist, Mr. Wilkin, has 
 succeeded in giving a very accurate copy, and seized 
 the character of the head in a most skilful manner. It 
 appears to have been the work of a Venetian artist of 
 no mean degree of skill; and in its style and colouring 
 partakes of the manner of Zucchero in his smaller por- 
 traits. That it is a faithful and genuine representation 
 of this favourite of the unfortunate Mary, there is no 
 reason to doubt, although it is now impossible to trace 
 the collection from whence it was obtained : it was pur- 
 chased by Mr. Jennings from a picture-dealer many 
 years since, and had been picked up in an obscure part 
 of the northern metropolis. It is painted on a small 
 circular panel ; and on the back are rudely cut into the 
 wood the name Davit Rixio, and the date ]5()4. The 
 mode in which the name is spelt is accordant with the 
 Venetian method of orthography, in which the .r is fre- 
 quently substituted for the z or c. AVhethcr Mar}' added 
 to her other frailties that of a criminal intercourse with 
 this man may be doubted; but by her partiality, and the
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 incaution of her conduct, she gave rise to surmises and 
 reports, which made this object of her favours odious, 
 and furnished a pretext for his assassination. The 
 curious and uncommon relation of Lord Ruthen, the 
 pubhsher received unsoUcited from the kindness of a 
 gentleman to him an entire stranger; and as it forms no 
 part of any of the collections respecting Mary, it was 
 deemed worthy of a place in this miscellany. It is 
 much to be regretted that the orthography of the time 
 in which it was undoubtedly written, has not been pre- 
 served by the transcriber.
 
 MEMOIR 
 
 OF 
 
 DAVID RICCIO. 
 
 DAVID RICCIO, (a name celebrated in the annals of the 
 early part of the reign of Mary, Queen of Scots, and who 
 may be justly said to have been the primary cause of all her 
 subsequent misfortunes) was born at Turin : his father sup- 
 ported his family by teaching the elements of music, and having 
 no patrimony to leave them, he made them musicians. David 
 at an early period of his life went to Nice, where the Duke of 
 Savoy, who had lately been restored to his dominions, kept his 
 court. This not answering his expectations, he was reduced to 
 great distress, and in this dilemma, became known to the Count 
 de Moretti, who was then (as the Duke's envoy) preparing for his 
 journey into Scotland, and he accompanied him thither. Shortly 
 after his arrival, the Count having but a small allowance to 
 support his character of envoy, looked upon his services as unne- 
 cessary, and dismissed him. He resolved however to make some 
 stay, and try his fortune again, to which he was encouraged by
 
 4 MEMOIR OF 
 
 hearing, that the Queen took great delight in music, and was not 
 altogether unskilful herself. To make his way to her presence, 
 he made interest with the musicians (who were for the most part 
 French) that he might appear amongst them. The Queen had 
 three of them who sung three parts, and wanted a bass to sing the 
 fourth, and being told of Riccio as a proper person, he was ad- 
 mitted to sing before her, and was so much approved of, as to be 
 immediately added to their number. Having thus established 
 himself, he so complied with the Queen's humour, that partly by 
 flattery, and partly by undermining others, he grew high in her 
 favour; and on her French Secretary retiring to his native country, 
 he was appointed to the office, and by that means had a fair pre- 
 text for private converse with the Queen. 
 
 As he thereby entered into greater credit, he had not the pru- 
 dence to conduct himself rightly in his new office, for frequently, 
 in presence of the Nobles, he would publicly speak to her even 
 during the greatest conventions of the states. This sudden 
 advancement from a low estate to so much power and dignity, 
 combined with his arrogance, contempt of his equals, and con- 
 tention with his superiors, affijrded sufficient matter of discourse 
 for the people. This was much increased by the flattery of some 
 of the nobility, who sought his friendship, courted him, admired 
 his judgment, waiting upon him at his apartment, and presenting 
 themselves in his way on every occasion. But the Earl of Murray, 
 with some others, expressed their dislike of him in so open a 
 manner, as to offi,'nd the Queen no less than Riccio. In order to 
 have a support against the hatred of the chief of the NobiHty, 
 Riccio courted with great assiduity Henry Lord Darnley, and got 
 into so familiar an acquaintance with him, as to be admitted to 
 his chamber, and to be trusted in his most private afl'airs. Riccio 
 persuaded him that it was by his means chiefly that the Queen had 
 been induced to think of him for her husband. He vras also 
 instrumental in promoting dissention betwixt Darnley and the 
 Earl of Murray, flattering himself that if once rid of the Earl, he 
 might take his full career without opposition. About this time 
 the Queen's intended marriage with Darnley, and his private 
 meetings with her, as also her too great familiarity with Riccio,
 
 DAVID RICCIO. 5 
 
 were talked of and censured by all ranks. The Earl of Murray 
 finding that the advice he gave served only to irritate the Queen 
 against him, resolved to leave the court that he might not be 
 thought to be the author of what was acted there. Sir James 
 Melville in his Memoirs, mentions the followina: conversation 
 which took place between him and Riccio, about this time, in which 
 he lamented the state in which he was placed, and asked Sir 
 James's advice. " I told him that strangers were commonly 
 " envied when they meddled too much in the affairs of other 
 ** countries. He said * he being Secretary to her Majesty in the 
 ^* French tongue, had occasion thereby to be frequently in her 
 " Majesty's company, as her former Secretary used to do.' I 
 " answered again, that it was thought that the greatest part of the 
 " affairs of the country passed through his hands, which gave 
 *' offence to the nobility. I advised him in their presence to 
 *^ retire from the Queen, giving them place: and that he might 
 " desire the Queen to permit him to take that way. I told him 
 '' for an example, how I had been in so great favour with the 
 ** Elector Palatine, that he caused me to sit at his own table, and 
 *' that he used frequently to confer with me in presence of his 
 "*' whole court, whereat divers of them took great indignation 
 *' against me, which so soon as I perceived, f requested him to 
 " permit me to sit from his own table with the rest of his gen- 
 " tlemen, and no more to confer with me in their presence, but to 
 " call me by a page to his chamber, when he had any service to 
 *' command me: seeing otherwise, he would prejiuige himself and 
 ** me, both by giving ground of discontent to his subjects, in too 
 " much noticing a stranger, and so expose me to their fury. 
 ** Which 1 obtained, and that way my Master was not hated, nor 
 " I anv more envied. I advised him to take the like course, if he 
 " was resolved to act as a wise man. \\ Inch council he said he 
 " was resolved to follow; but afterwards told nie that the Queen 
 " would not suffer him, but would needs have liini carry liiinself 
 " as formerly. 1 answered, that I was sorry for the incon- 
 " veuiencies that might follow thereuj)on." 
 
 Riccio is accused by Buchanan, of heing concerned in the 
 conspiracy to assassinate the Earl ol" Murray, and which was
 
 O MEMOIR OF 
 
 prevented by the information he received from his friends. Not- 
 withstanding the Earl had resolved to go, and was only prevented 
 by receiving a second admonition from Lord Rutben, which 
 induced him to alter his intention, and turn aside on a visit to 
 his mother near Loch Leven. 
 
 In the mean time Riccio left nothing unattempted to pre- 
 (^ipitate the marriage of the Queen with Lord Darnley, which 
 took place at the end of July, without the consent, and greatly 
 to the dissatisfaction of many of the Scotish Nobility, and par- 
 ticularly to the English court. 
 
 The offence given by this conduct induced many to leave the 
 court, and Riccio finding the chiefs of the Nobility had with- 
 drawn, that he might confirm his intemperate hopes of power, 
 excited the Queen to use the coercive power of the sword against 
 the heads of the several parties, assuring her that if a few were 
 removed, the rest would not venture to attempt any thing. But 
 considering that the Queen's guards being Scotchmen, would not 
 easily consent to the murder of the Nobility, he made it his 
 business to remove them from that post, and introduce foreigners 
 in their room. The first proposition was to have Germans for 
 that service, that nation being of remarkable loyalty to their 
 princes; but when Riccio had attentively considered, he con- 
 cluded, that for better carrying on his designs, Italians should be 
 admitted to that employment, being persuaded that men of the 
 same nation with himself would not only be more at his devotion, 
 but the most proper instruments for his purpose, who making 
 no distinction between what is just and unjust, might easily be 
 induced to perpetrate any kind of villainy. 
 
 As his power and authority with the Queen continued on the 
 increase, so the King became daily more contemptible, and to 
 treat him with yet greater indignity, Riccio was substituted to 
 sign divers public acts, and to impress the King's seal on them. 
 The Queen not contenting herself with having thus raised him 
 from the meanest obscurity, devised another way of honouring 
 him in a domestic and more familiar manner. She iiad for 
 some months admitted more persons than had been usual at her 
 table, that he might have a place there with less envy, on account
 
 DAVID RICCIO. 7 
 
 of the number of those who received that honour. At last it 
 came to this, that Riccio with only one or two more sat at table 
 with her, and in some measure to diminish the appearance, they 
 sometimes eat in a little closet, and sometimes in his chamber. 
 But instead of lessening the public odium by these means, it did 
 but increase the reflections, confirmed former suspicions, afforded 
 matter for further discourse, and inclined men to believe the worst. 
 Riccio was also said to surpass the King in rich furniture, apparel, 
 number and goodness of his horses, which indignity seemed the 
 greater, because his face and manner contributed more to destroy 
 the effect of every ornament about him, than any of these ad- 
 vantages served to grace his person. The Queen since she could 
 not correct these faults of nature, endeavoured by heaping honours 
 upon him to cover the meanness of his birth with the lustre of 
 dignity and promotion, by raising him to the rank of Nobility, 
 and by that means giving him a right of voting in the public 
 assemblies, that he might be enabled to manage the councils as 
 she might direct. And because it was thought necessary to ad- 
 vance gradually in putting this scheme into execution, the first 
 attempt was made upon a Lordship, situated near Edinburgh* 
 called Melvill. The possessor. Lord Ross, with his father-in-law, 
 and such friends as were supposed to have most influence with 
 him, were sent for to the Queen, who endeavoured to prevail on 
 him to part with his right, and to induce his friends to persuade 
 him to it. But this not succeeding to her wish, the Queen 
 interpreted the refusal as a personal affront, and what was more to 
 be dreaded, Riccio was himself highly offended. These pro- 
 ceedings could not be concealed from the people, who were led to 
 believe that greater evils would follow, if men of the most ancient 
 and honourable families were to be expelled from their possessions 
 at the will of the Queen, to gratify a foreign adventurer. 
 
 To these things men in private discourses added many more 
 respecting the Queen's private interviews with Riccio. But the 
 King resolved to credit nothing without ocular demonstration; 
 und being informed one evening that Riccio was gone into the 
 Queen's chamber, he went to the private (Io(m, the key of which 
 ,he carried about him, and contrary to custom found it fastened on
 
 8 MEMOIR, &C. 
 
 the inside; he knocked, and no one answering, he departed, and 
 agitated by the most violent passions, passed the greater part of 
 the night without sleep. 
 
 From this time the King's hatred increased daily, and this com- 
 bined with the arrogance of Riccio, precipitated the plot which 
 led to his assassination; the particulars of which, and the pro- 
 ceedings previous to it, are detailed in the following pages by 
 Lord Ruthven (or Ruthen as himself writes it) and who as one of 
 the principal actors, must have been fully qualified to give a 
 correct account. ^The relation of it by Sir James Melville in his 
 Memoirs, difl'ers from it only in some few trifling circumstances.
 
 RELATION 
 
 OF THE 
 
 DEATH 
 
 OF 
 
 DAVID RICCIO. 
 
 HE author of this relation, Lord Ruthen, at 
 the age of forty-six, was visited by the hand 
 of God with great trouble and sickness, 
 ^^ whereby he kept his bed continually by the 
 ^jf^ space of three months, and was under the 
 cure of physicians, as of the Queen's French 
 doctor, Dr. Preston, and Thomas. Thompson, 
 apothecary; and was so fecbled and weakened 
 throu2;ii the sickness and me(hcijies, that scarcely he mi^ht walk 
 twice the length of his chanihcr unsittiug down. During tliis time 
 the King conceived hatred against an Italian called David lliccio; 
 and about the 10th dav of February sent his dear friend and kinsman 
 George Douglas, son to Archibald, sometime I'.arl of Angus, and de- 
 clared to Lord Ruthen, how that the said David Ricria had abused 
 him in many sorts, and lately iuul stayed the (Queen's Majesty from 
 giving him tin; crown matrimonial of Scotland, wiiich iu-r iVlajesty 
 had promised to iiim divers times before: besides numy other wrongs 
 
 c
 
 10 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 that David had done to him, which he could not bear with longer, 
 and behoved to be revenged thereof. And because the Lord 
 Ruthen was one of the nobihty that he confided and trusted most 
 unto, in respect that his children and he were sisters' children; 
 therefore he desired his counsel and advice what way was best to 
 be revenged on David. The Lord Ruthen hearing the message 
 aforesaid, gave answer to George Douglas, that he could give no 
 counsel in that matter, in respect he knew the King's youth and 
 facility; for he had sundry of the nobility that had given him 
 counsel for his own honour and weal, and immediately he revealed 
 the same again to the Queen's Majesty, who reproved them with 
 great anger and contumelious words; so that he would have no 
 meddling with the King's proceedings until the time he could 
 keep his own counsel. The said George departed with the answer 
 about the 12th of February. The King, hearing the answer, 
 was very miscontented, and said, it is a sore case that I can 
 get none of the nobility that will assist me against yonder false 
 villain Davie. George Douglas answered, the fault was in your- 
 self, that cannot keep your own counsel. Then the King took 
 a book and swore thereon, that what counsel soever the Lord 
 Ruthen should give him, he would not reveal, neither to the 
 Queen's Majesty, nor to any others ; and immediately directed 
 George to him again, declaring what oath the King had made. 
 Notwithstanding the Lord Ruthen was eight days after ere he 
 would give any counsel therein ; howbeit the King sent George 
 Douglas to him every day three or four times. After eight days 
 were past, which was toward the 20th day of February, the Lord 
 Ruthen perceiving that the King's whole intent was but only the 
 slaughter of Davie, resolved in his mind, and considered that he 
 had a good time to labour for certain (jf the nobility, his brethren, 
 that were banished in the reahn of England and in Argyle; and 
 specially the Earls of .Irgile, Mtirraij, Glencarn, and Rothes; the 
 Lords Boi/d imd Oche/lrie, and the Lairds of P<7/a/70 and Grange, 
 with many other gentlemen and barons. Wherefore so soon as 
 the said George was (hrected again from the King to him, he 
 answered, that he could not meddle with the King's affairs, 
 without that he would brintj; home the noblemen before rehearsed
 
 DEATH OF DAVID HICCIO. 11 
 
 who were banished only for the word of God. And after long 
 reasoning, and divers days travelUng, the King was contented 
 they should come home into the realm of Scotland ; so that the 
 Lord Ruthen would make him sure that they would be his, and set 
 forward all his affairs. He gave answer to the King, and bad him 
 make his own security, and that he should cause it to be subscribed 
 by the aforesaid earls, lords, and barons. Immediately thereafter 
 the King directed George Douglas to Lord Ruthen with certain 
 articles, which he desired him to put in form of writing, to be 
 subscribed by the lords banished ; the which he caused to be put 
 in form. And having consideration that the King desired them 
 to be bound to him, he caused to be drawn certain articles in the 
 said lords names for the King's part towards them; which the 
 Kins: himself reformed with his own hand. 
 
 The articles being penned for both parties, and the King reading 
 and considering the same, he was contented therewith, and sub- 
 scribed his part, and delivered it to the Lord Ruthen, who sent 
 the other articles to the Earl of Murray, and the remanent being 
 within England; and to the Earl of Argile, and the remanent 
 being with him in the west, who subscribed the same, and sent 
 them to Lord Ruthen to be kept till their meeting with the King, 
 and every one to have their own part; the tenour whereof fol- 
 io weth.
 
 12 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 Certain Articles to be fulfilled by James, Earl of Murray, Archi- 
 bald, Earl of Argile, Alexander Earl of Glencarne, Andrew, 
 Earl of Rothes, Robert Lord Boyd, Andrew Lord Ocheltrie, 
 and their Complices, to the noble and mighty Prince Henry, 
 King of Scotland, husband to our sovereign Lady : which Articles 
 the said Persons offer with most humility, lowliness, and service 
 to the said noble Prince, for whom to God they pray, S^c. 
 
 Imprimis, ^T^HE said earls, lords, and their complices, shall 
 _L become, and by the tenour hereof become true 
 subjects, men and servants, to the noble and mighty Prince 
 Henry, by the grace of God, king of Scotland, and husband to 
 our sovereign lady : that they and all others that will do for them, 
 shall take a loyal and true part with the said noble Prince in all his 
 actions, causes, and quarrels, against whomsoever, to the utter- 
 most of their powers ; and shall be friends to his friends, and 
 enemies to his enemies, and neither spare their lives, lands, goods, 
 nor possessions. 
 
 2. Item, The said earls, lords, and their complices, shall, at 
 the first parliament, and other parliaments that shall happen to be 
 after their returning within this realm, by themselves and others 
 that have voice in parliament, consent, and by these presents do 
 consent now as then, and then as now, to grant and give the crown 
 matrimonial to the said noble Prince for all the days of his life. 
 And if any person or persons withstand or gainsay the same, the 
 said earls, lords, and their complices, shall take such part as the 
 said noble Prince taketh, in whatsoever sort, for the obtaining of 
 the said crown, against all, and whatsoever that let or deny, as 
 shall best please the said noble Prince. 
 
 3. Item, The said earls, lords, and their complices, shall for- 
 tify and maintain the said noble J^rince in his just title to the 
 crown of Scotland, failing of succession of our sovereign Lady, 
 and sliall justify and set forward the same at their utmost powers. 
 And if any manner of person will usurp or gainsay the just title, 
 then the said earls, lords, and their complices, shall maintain.
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 13 
 
 defend, and set forwards the same, as best shall please the said 
 noble Prince, without fear of life or death ; and shall seek and 
 pursue them the usurpers, as shall please the said noble Prince to 
 command, to extirp them out of the realm of Scotland, or take 
 or slay them. 
 
 4. Itemy As to the religion which was established by the Queen's 
 Majesty our Sovereign, shortly after her arrival in this realm, 
 whereupon acts and proclamation was made, and now again 
 granted by the said noble Prince to the said carls, lords, and their 
 complices ; they, and every of them, shall maintain and fortify 
 the same at their uttermost powers, by the help, supply, and 
 maintenance of the said noble Prince. And if any person or 
 persons will gainsay the same, or any part thereof, or begin to 
 make tumult or uproar for the same, the said earls, lords, and 
 their complices, to take a full, true, and plain part with the said 
 noble Prince, against the said contemners and usurpers, at their 
 uttermost. 
 
 5. Item, As the}' are become true subjects, men and servants, 
 to the said noble Prince, so shall they be loyal and true to his 
 Majesty, as becometh true subjects to their natural Prince ; and 
 as true and faitiiful servants serve their good master with their 
 bodies, lands, goods, and possessions; and shall neither spare life 
 nor death in setting forward all things that may be to the ad- 
 vancement and honour of the said noble Prince. 
 
 6. Item, The said carls, lords, and their complices, shall labour 
 at the Queen of Eriglatid's hands for the relief of the said noble 
 Prince, his mother, and brother, by themselves and such others 
 as they may procure, to the uttermost of their power, that tlioy 
 may be relieved out of ward, or reu)ain in diglaud freely, or 
 repair into Scotland, as they shall think most expedient, withouL 
 stop or impediment to herself, her Son, their S( rvaiils and move- 
 ables. 
 
 7. Item, The said carls, lords, and their complices, shall, by 
 themselves and others that will do f<r them, labour nnd procure, 
 at the Queen ol 7'J//<^/a//ri's hands, that the said noble l'rine(> may 
 have her kindness, good-will, and assistance in all his Majesty's 
 honourable and just causes, against wiiatsoever loreign prince.
 
 14 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 Certain Articles to be fulfilled by the noble and mighty Prince 
 Henry, King of Scotland, husband to our sovereign Lady, of 
 his Majesty's mere clemency and good-will, to James, Earl of 
 Murray, Archibald, Earl of Argile, Alexander, Earl of Glen- 
 came, Andrew, Earl of Rothes, Robert Lord Boyd, Andrew 
 Lord Stuart, of Ocheltrie, remaining in England, S^c. 
 
 Item, TT^IRST, The said noble Prince shall do his good-will to 
 X_^ obtain them one remission, if they require the same, 
 for all faults and crimes by-past, of whatsoever quality or con- 
 dition they be. And if that cannot be obtained at the first time, 
 shall persevere in suing of the same until it be obtained ; and at 
 the last shall give them a free remission of all crimes so soon as 
 we are placed, by their help and supply, to the crown matrimonial: 
 And in the mean time shall stop and make impediments, so much 
 as lieth in us, that they be not called nor accused for whatsoever 
 crime : And presently remits and forgives the aforesaid earls, lords, 
 and their complices, all crimes committed against us, of whatsoever 
 quality or condition they be; and do bury and put the same in 
 oblivion, as they had never been : And shall receive them at their 
 returning, thankfully, and with heartiness, as others our true and 
 faithful subjects and servants. 
 
 2. Item, We shall not suffer, by our good wills, the foresaid 
 lords and their complices, to be called or accused in parliament, 
 nor suffer any forfeitures to be laid against them, but shall stop 
 the same at our uttermost power: And if any person or persons 
 pretend otherwise, we shall neither consent to the holding the 
 parliament, nor yet shall grant to their forfeiture willingly, but 
 shall stop the same to our uttermost power, as said is. 
 
 3. Item, That the said earls, lords, and their complices, re- 
 turning within the realm of Scotland, we shall suffer or permit 
 them to use and enjoy all their lands, tackes, steedings, and 
 benefices, that they or any of them had before their passage into 
 England. And if any manner of persons do make them impe-
 
 DEATH OF DAVin RICCIO. io 
 
 diments in the peaceable enjoying of the said lands, steedings, 
 tackes, benefices, and possessions, it being made known to us, we 
 shall fortify and maintain them to the uttermost of our powers, to 
 the obtaining of the same. 
 
 4. Item, As to the said earls, lords, and their complices religion, 
 we are contented and consent that they use the same, conform to 
 the Queen's Majesty's act and proclamation made thereupon, 
 shortly after her Highness's return out of France. And if any 
 person or persons pretend to make them impediment thereunto, 
 or to trouble them for using the same religion, we shall take part 
 with the aforesaid earls, lords, and their complices, at our uttermost 
 power. And after their returning, upon their good bearing and 
 service to be done to the said noble Prince, shall, by their advice, 
 consent to the stablishing the religion now professed, and shall 
 concur with them, if any persons do withstand them, 
 
 Itenij We shall fortify and maintain the said carls, lords, and 
 their complices, as a natural Prince should do to his true and 
 obedient subjects; and as one good master should fortify and 
 maintain his true and natural servants against whatsoever, in all 
 their just causes, actions, and quarrels. 
 
 All this while the King kept secret from the Queen's Majesty 
 the whole proceedings; and as her Majesty sought by subtil means 
 to learn of him what was in his mind, so cratted he with her to 
 seek out her mind : And in the same time he daily sent to the 
 Lord liuthen, saying that he could not abide I )aiie nny longer; 
 and if his slaughter was not hastened, \w would slav liiui himself, 
 yea, though it were in the Queen's Majesty's own eJianiber. llie 
 Lord Rnf/u'ii counselled him to the contrary, and thought it 
 not decent that he should [)iit hand on >ueh a mean person; \et 
 always the King could not be content, without I hi' Lord Rut hen 
 affixed a day when Davie should he slain. The ^aid Lord 
 considering with himself that it was not c-onv( iiicnl nor honouiahle 
 to slav Davie, notwithstanding the ollenecs he had made; hut 
 rather to take him, and give him ludiiincnl h\ the nohihiy, the 
 King's Majesty answertd, it was eumhcr-'omc to tany in ^-uc'li 
 a cause; hut always he coidd be eontenlcd dial he were taken and
 
 16 
 
 A RKLATION OF THE 
 
 hanged, or dispatched otherwise. In the mean time the King and 
 Queen's Majesties rode to Seaton; the King so burning in his 
 desire towards the slaughter of David, that he sent divers privy 
 writings written in his own hand, and also messages by tongue to 
 George Doug/as, to be shewed to the Lord Ruthen, to have all 
 things in readiness against his repairing to Edinburgh towards the 
 slaughter of David, or otherwise he would put the same in exe- 
 cution with his own hands. In the mean time Lord Ruthen was 
 practising with the Earl of Morton, who was the King's near 
 kinsman, and with the Lord Lindsey, because his wife was a 
 Douglas, and of consanguinity to the King; and with a great 
 number of barons, gentlemen, and freeholders, to assist the King 
 in such affairs as he had to do; and then they should have their 
 religion freely established conformable to Christ's book, and to 
 the articles the King had subscribed to the lords. And after the 
 King's return out of Seaton, he directed George Douglas to the 
 Earl of Morton and Lord Ruthen, to see what day should be 
 appointed, with place and time, for the performance of the 
 enterprise against David. The said earl and lord sent answer to 
 the King, and declared they should have a sufficient number ready 
 against Friday or Saturday the 8th or 9th of March, to do what he 
 pleased; and enquired of the King what time he would have it the 
 ratherest performed ; for, according to their opinion, they thought 
 it best to take time when David should be in his own chamber in 
 the morning, or in passing through the close: which the King 
 refused simpliciter, and said he could not be well taken in his own 
 chamber, nor no time in the morning, by reason that at night he 
 tarried late with the Queen's Majesty : he lay in the over cabinet, 
 and otherwliiles in Signior Francisco' s chamber, and sometimes in 
 his own, to which he had sundry back-doors and windows that he 
 might escape at ; and if so it were, all were lost. Therefore he 
 would have him taken at the time of the supping, sitting with her 
 Majesty at the table, that he might be taken in her own presence; 
 because she had not entertained him her husband according to her 
 accustomed manner, nor as she ought of duty. To the which the 
 said earl and lords were very loth to grant, and gave many reasons 
 to the contrary, that it was better to have been done out of her
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 17 
 
 presence, not in the same. Notwithstanding no reason might 
 avail, but the King would have him taken in her Majesty's pre- 
 sence, and devised the manner himself, as after followeth : That 
 upon the Saturday at supper-time, the Earl of Morton, Lord 
 Ruthen, and Lord Lindsey, should have ready so many as would 
 be assistants and partakers with the King, in their houses, against 
 he should send them word : and so soon as he sent them word, that 
 the Earl of Morton should come in, and come up to the Queen's 
 utter chamber, and a company with him ; and the Lord Ruthen was 
 to come through the King's secret chamber ; and that the King 
 would pass up before by a privy passage to the Queen's chamber, 
 and open the door, through which the Lord Ruthen and his com- 
 pany might enter ; and that the King himself should be speaking 
 with the Queen's Majesty sitting at supper; the remanent barons 
 and gentlemen to be in the court of the palace for keeping of the 
 gates, and defending of the close, in case any of the Lords or 
 officers would endeavour to gain-stand the King's entcrprize. The 
 Earl of Morton and Lord Ruthen having consideration of the 
 King's devise towards the taking of Davie in the Queen's Majesty's 
 chamber, were loth to grant thereto ; yet the King would not 
 otherwise, but have it done as he had devised. The earl and lords 
 considering he was a young Prince, and having a lusly Princess 
 to lie in his arms afterwards, who might perswade him to deny all 
 that was done for his cause, and to alledge that others persuaded 
 him to the same, thought it necessary to have security thereupon: 
 and a band was made in the King's namt; to the earls, lords, barons, 
 freeholders, merchants, and craftsmen, declaring all that was to be 
 done was his own devise, invention, and fact; and bound and 
 obliged himself, his heirs and successors, to them, their Irits and 
 successors, to keep them skathless, and unmolested or troul)lL(i tor 
 the taking and executing of Davie in the Queen's presence or 
 otherwise, like as the band sjK'cified hereafter word by word. 
 
 " Ue it keixl to all men by tliese present letters: W v, Henri/, by 
 the grace of God, King of Scotland, and lnisl)aii(l to tlie Queen's 
 Majesty ; for so niueh we liaviiiu^ eoiiM(ler:ilion of llie gentle and 
 good nature, with nianv oilier u,()o(l (jualities in her Majesty, we 
 have thought [>ity, and also think it great conscience to us that ar<.* 
 
 J)
 
 18 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 her husband, to suffer her to be abused or seduced by certain privy 
 persons, wicked and ungodly, not regarding her Majesty's honour, 
 ours, nor the nobiHty tliereof, nor the common-weal of the same, 
 but seeking their own commodity and privy gains, especially a 
 stranger Italian called Davie: which may be the occasion of her 
 Majest\''s destruction, ours, the nobility, and commonweal, without 
 hasty remedy be put thereto, which we are willing to do : and to 
 that effect we have devised to take these privy persons, enemies 
 to her Majesty, us, the nobility, and commonwealth, to punish 
 them according to their demerits ; and in case of any difficulty, 
 to cut them off immediately, and to take and slay them wherever 
 it happeneth. And because we cannot accomplish the same 
 without the assistance of others, therefore have we drawn certain 
 of our nobility, earls, lords, barons, freeholders, gentlemen, mer- 
 chants, and craftsmen, to assist us in our enterprise, which cannot 
 be finished without great hazard. And because it may chance 
 that there be sundry great personages present, who may endeavour 
 to gain-stand our enterprise, Avhere-through some of them may 
 be slain, and likewise of ours, where-through a perpetual feud 
 may be contracted betwixt the one and the other; therefore we 
 bind and oblige us, our heirs, and successors, to the said earls, 
 lords, barons, gentlemen, freeholders, merchants, and craftsmen, 
 their heirs and successors, that we shall accept the same feud upon 
 us, and fortify and maintain them at the uttermost of our power, 
 and sliall be friend to their friends, and enemy to their enemies; 
 and shall neither suffer theui nor theirs to be molested nor troubled 
 in their bodies, lands, goods., nor possessions, so far as lieth in us. 
 And if any person would take any of the said earls, lords, barons, 
 gentlemen, freeholders, merchant.^, or craftsmen, for enterprizing 
 and assisting with us f(jr the atchieving of our |)urpose, because it 
 may chance to be done in presence of the Queen's Majesty, or 
 within her palace of Holyrood-house, we, by the word of a prince, 
 sliall accept and take the >anie on iis now as then, and then as 
 lujw ; and shall warrant and keep harmless the foresaid earls, lords, 
 l)ar()ii>>, freeholders, genllemen, nicrehaiits, and eraflsnien, at our 
 fitter power. In witness whereof we have .-.uhseribed this with 
 our own hand at Cdiidjurgh, the 1st of March loGo.
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 19 
 
 Upon Saturday the 9th day of March, as is conform to the 
 King's ordynance and device, the Earl Morton, Lords Ruthen and 
 Lindsei/, having their men and friends in readiness, abiding for 
 the King's advertisement; the King having supped, and the sooner 
 for that cause, and the Queen's Majesty being in her cabinet 
 within her inner chamber at the supper, the King sent to the said 
 earl and lords, and their complices; and desired them to make 
 haste and come into the palace, for he should have the door of the 
 privy passage open, and should be speaking with the Queen before 
 their coming, conform to his device rehearsed before. Then the 
 Earl of Morton, Lord Rut/ien and Lord Lindsei/, with their com- 
 plices, passed up to the Queen's utter chamber; and the Lord 
 Ruthen passed in through the King's chamber, and up through 
 the privy way to the Queen's chamber, as the King had learned 
 him, and through the chamber to the cabinet, where he found the 
 Queen's Majesty sitting at her supper, at the middcst of a little 
 table, the Lady Argile sitting at one end, and Davie at the head 
 of the table with his cap on his head, the King speaking with the 
 Queen's ]\Lijesty, and his hand about her waste. The Lord Ruthen 
 at his coming in said to the Queen's Majesty, It wt)uld please your 
 ISIajesty to let yonder man Davie come forth of your jncsence, 
 for he hath been over-long here. Her Majesty answered, ^^ iiat 
 offence hath he nuulc ': The said lord replied again, that he had 
 made great offence to her ^NLijesty's honour, the King her hus- 
 band, the nobility and commonweal of the realm. And liowr 
 saith she. It will please your Majestv, said \\v, he hath offended 
 your Majesty's honour, which I dare not be so bold to sj)cak of: 
 As to the King your lui^baiurs lu-iiour, be bath bindriMl liim of 
 the crown matrimonial, wbicb your grace promised bim, besides 
 many otber things wbicb are not ueeessarv to bt exjiresx'd. :\iul 
 as to the nobility, be bath caused your Majestv to baiiisb a i;i\'at 
 part, and most chief tbereot", and foreiault tbeui at tins pre >eiu 
 parliauient, tbat be ini<;bt be made a loid. And a> to Nonr com- 
 monweal, be bath been a common dotrovei' ibcreot, in -(( lar as 
 be sulfered not vour Majestv to grant or ui\c an\ tlniin but tbat 
 wbicb [lapsed tbrouiib bi> band^, bv takinii ol bnlioand gocxU lor 
 ibe same; and caused your Majest\ to j)ul (ml tlie Lord 7^o.s.v irom 
 
 1) 'i
 
 20 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 his whole lands, because he would not give over the lordship of 
 Melvin to the said Davie ; besides many other inconveniences that 
 he sollicited your Majesty to do. Then the Lord Ruthen said to 
 the King, Sir, take the Queen's Majesty your sovereign and wife 
 to you, who stood all amazed, and wyst not what to do. Then 
 her Majesty rose on her feet and stood before Davie, he holding 
 her Majesty by the plates of the gown, leaning back over in the 
 window, his whiniard drawn in his hand. Arthur Erskine, and the 
 Abbot of Holyrood-house, the Laird of Creech, master of the 
 household, with the French apothecary, and one of the Grooms 
 of the Chamber, began to lay hands upon the Lord Ruthen, none 
 of the King's party being present. Then the said Lord pulled 
 out his whiniard, and freed himself while more came in, and said 
 to them, Lay not hands on me, for I will not be handled; and at 
 the incoming of others into the cabinet, the Lord Ruthen put up 
 his whiniard. And with the rushing in of men the board fell to 
 the wallwards, with meat and candles being thereon; and the 
 Lady of Argile took up one of the candles in her hand : and in 
 the same instant Lord Ruthen took the Queen in his arms, and 
 put her into the King's arms, beseeching her Majesty not to be 
 afraid; for there was no man there that would do her Majesty's 
 body more harm than their own hearts; and assured her Majesty, 
 all that was done was the King's own deed and action. Then the 
 remanent gentlemen being in the cabinet, took Davie out of the 
 window ; and after that they had him out in the Queen's chamber, 
 the Lord Ruthen followed, and bad take him down the privy way 
 to the King's chamber; and the said lord returned to the cabinet 
 again, believing that Davie had been had down to the King's 
 chamber; but the press of the people hurled him forth to the 
 utter chamber, where there was a great number standing, who 
 were so vehemently moved against the said Davie, that they could 
 not abide any longer, but slew him at the Queen's far door in the 
 utter chamber. Immediately the Earl of Morion passed forth of 
 the Queen's Majesty's utter chamber to the irnier court for 
 kee[)ing ot" the same and the gates, and deputed certain barons to 
 keep Davie's chamber till he knew the Queen's Majesty's pleasure 
 and tlu; King's. Shortly after their Majesties sent the Lord
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 21 
 
 Liiidsey, and Arthur Erskine, to the said Earl of Morton, to pass to 
 David's chamber to fetch a black coffer with writings and cyphers, 
 which tlie said Earl of Morton deUvered to them, and gave the 
 chamber in keeping to John Semple, son to the Lord Semple, with 
 the whole goods there; gold, silver, and apparel being therein. 
 In this mean time the Queen's Majesty and the King came forth 
 of the cabinet to the Queen's chamber, where her Majesty began 
 to reason with the King, saying, My Lord, why have you caused 
 to do this wicked deed to me, considering I took you from a base 
 estate, and made you my husband? What offence have I made 
 you that ye should have done me such shame ? The King 
 answered, and said, I have good reason for me; for since yon 
 fellow Davie fell in credit and familiarity with your Majesty, ye 
 regarded me not, neither treated me nor entertained me after your 
 wonted fashion ; for every day before dinner, and after dinner, ye 
 would come to my chamber and pass time with me, and this long 
 time ye have not done so ; and when I come to your Majesty's 
 chamber, ye bear me little company, except Davie had been the 
 third marrow : and after supper your Majesty hath a use to set at 
 the cards with the said Davie till one or two of the clocke after 
 midnight ; and this is the entertainment that I have had of you 
 this long time. Her Majesty's answer was, It was not gentle- 
 womens duty to come to their husbands chamber, but rather the 
 husband to come to the wive's chamber, if he had any thing to 
 do with her. The King answered, How came ye to my chamber 
 at the beginning, and ever, till witiiin these few montlis that 
 Davie fell in familiarity with you? or am 1 failed in any sort? 
 or what disdain have you at me? or what olTcnce iuive I made 
 vou, that you should not use me at all time alike? seeing that I 
 am wilhng to do all things that ht'conieth a good husband 
 to do to his wife. For since you have chose nic to \)v your 
 husband, suppose I be of tJie baser drgree, yvi I am voiii luad, 
 and vc j)romiscd obedience at the dav ol our niarriatie, and that 1 
 should be e(jual with you, and [)arlici[>aiit in all tinniis. I suppose 
 you have used me otherwise bv the |)ersua^i(uiN ol Dtivic. Her 
 Maje^ly answered, and said, that all the shame that was done to 
 her, that, my Lord, ye have the weight thereof; for the whieh I
 
 22 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 shall never be your wife, nor lie with you ; nor shall never like 
 well, till I gar you have as sore a heart as I have presently. Then 
 the Lord Ruthen made answer, and besought her Majesty to be 
 of good comfort, and to treat herself and the King her husband, 
 and to use the counsel of the nobility, and he was assured her 
 government should be as well guided as ever it was in any King's 
 days. The said lord being so feebled with his sickness, and 
 wearied with his travel, that he desired her Majesty's pardon to 
 sit down upon a coffer, and called for a drink for God's sake: so a 
 French man brought him a cup of wine, and after that he had 
 drunken, the Queen's Majesty began to rail against the said lord: 
 Is this your sickness. Lord Ruthen? The said Lord answered, 
 God forbid that your Majest}? had such a sickness ; for I had 
 rather give all the moveable goods that I have. Then, said her 
 Majesty, if she died, or her bairn or common-weal perished, she 
 should leave the revenge thereof to her friends to revenge the 
 same upon the Lord Ruthen and his posterity; for she had the 
 King of Spain her great friend, the Emperor likewise, and the 
 King of France her good brother, the Cardinal of Lorrain, and 
 her Unkles in France, besides the Pope's Holiness, with many 
 other princes in Italy. The said lord answered, that these noble 
 princes were over-great personages to meddle with such apoor 
 man as he was, being her Majesty's own subject : and where her 
 Majesty said, that if either she, her bairn, or the common-weal 
 perished, the Lord Ruthen should have the weight thereof; he 
 answered, that if any of the three perished, her Majesty's self and 
 her particular counsel should have the weight thereof, and should 
 be accused as well before God as the world: for there was no man 
 there witliiii that palace, but they that would honour and serve her 
 Majestv, as becoineth true subjects ; and would suffer no manner 
 of harm to be done to her Majesty's body than to their own hearts; 
 and if any thing be done tiiis night that your Majesty mislikes, 
 charge the King your husband, and none of us your subjects; 
 wliich the Kintz; confessed was of vcritv. in tlie same instant one 
 can)c kn(jckinij[ fast at tlie Queen's chamber-door, declaring that 
 the i'^ailb IJu/itli/, Aihol, liuthtcel, Cuthness, and Sutherlaiul, with 
 the L(jriU Flailing, Leii/igstone, secretary, Tillibarn, the comp-
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 23 
 
 troller, and the Laird of Grant, with their own servants and officers 
 of the palace, were fighting in the Close against the Earl of 
 Morton and his company, being on the King's party. The King 
 hearing the same, would have gone down, and the Lord Ruthen 
 staid him, and desired him to intreat the Queen's Majesty, and 
 he would go down and take order amongst them. So he passed 
 to the Close, borne under the arm; and before his coming the 
 officers were dwong into their houses; and the lords were holden 
 in at the gallery door by the Earl of Morton and others being 
 with him, and were constrained to pass up to the gallery and to 
 their chambers. So the said Lord Ruthen passed up to the Earl 
 HothweWs chamber, where he found the Earls of Huntlei/, 
 Sutherland, Cathness, the Laird of Grant, and divers others, to 
 whom he shewed that the whole proceeding that was done that 
 night, was done and invented by the King's Majesty's own devise, 
 like as his hand-written was to shew thereupon ; and how he had 
 sent for the lords that were banished in England and Argyle, who 
 would be there before day : And l)ecause there Mas some enmity 
 imreconeiled betwixt the Earls of Ilimt/i/ and Bothxcell, and the 
 Earls of Argyle and Murraij, and their colleagues, the said lords 
 iiroinised in their names, that it should be mended at the sight of 
 two or three of the nobility, they doing such like to them; where- 
 upon the said Earls of Huntlei/ and Bof hzccl I i^ii\e the Lord Rnlheii 
 their hands, aud received his for tlic other part: and aftrr tiiev 
 had drunken, the Lord Ruthen took his leave of them, and passed 
 to the Earl of Athvl's ehamlxir, aceoinpanied with the l^ails of 
 Calhness, Sutherland, and the Laird (jf (jr/ui/ ; and t'oiuid with the 
 said earl the comj)troller, secretary, NL'. James Ihttfour, and 
 divers others: and because of the familiarity and kindne-> l)etwi\t 
 the I'^ari (^f .It hoi and the Lord Ruthen, the earl heuan to he 
 aniirv with the >ai(l lord, tor thai he would not >he\\ liini uliat 
 enterprise soever th;it he had to do; \\h()>t' aii^wei- \\a-, thai it was 
 the Kind's action and the Kind's devi>c, and ilia! none of tlieui 
 had Ituther niedlin^ therewith than the \\\U'z had eoninianded, 
 like as \\\> hand- wrillen did te-tit\ . ^ el llic carl en(|i:iicd further 
 upon the Lord liutheu, \\\\\ he would not lei hiin know thereol : 
 he answered, it wa^ the Kind's secret ; and ieand if he had uivi n
 
 24 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 knowledge thereof, he would have revealed it to the Queen's 
 Majesty, which might have been a hindrance of the purpose, 
 and caused the King to have holden me unhonest for my part. 
 The Earl perceiving that all that was done was the King's own 
 deed, desired the said Lord Ruthen to pass to the King, and get 
 him leave to pass to his country, and so many as were presently 
 in the chamber with him. In this mean time the Earls of Both- 
 zvell and Huntlyj taking a fear of the other lords returning out of 
 England and Argyle, and because they were hardly imprisoned 
 before, thought it better to escape too than to remain; so they 
 went out at a low window, and passed their ways. In the mean 
 time, while the Lord Ruthen was with the Earl of Athol, the King 
 declared to the Queen's Majesty, that he had sent for the lords to 
 return again ; whereunto she answered, she was not in the blame 
 that they were so long away; for she could have been content to 
 have brought them home at any time, had it not been for angering 
 the King; and to verify the same, when her Majesty gave a 
 remission to the duke, the King was very miscontent therewith : 
 whereto the King answered, that it was true that he was mis- 
 contented then, but now he was content, and doubted not but she 
 would also be content to persevere in the good mind to them as 
 she had done before. At the same time came the Provost of 
 Edinburgh, and a great number of men of the town with him in 
 arms to the utter court of the palace of Holywod-house, where 
 the King called out of the window to them, conmianding them to 
 return to their houses, like as they did; for he declared to them 
 that the Queen's Majesty and he were in good health. The 
 Lord Ruthen being come up to the Queen's chamber again, m here 
 the King was beside her, he shewed them that there was no hurt 
 done, and that the lords and all others were merry, and no harm 
 done. Then her Majesty enquired what was become of Davie. 
 The said Lord Rulhen answered that he believed he was in the 
 King's chamber; for he thought it not good to shew her as he 
 died, for fear of putting her Majesty in greater trouble presently. 
 Then the Queen's Majesty en(|uired of the said lord what great 
 kindness was betwixt the luirl of Murraj/ and him, tliat rather 
 than he and the remanent should be forfaulled, that he would be
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 25 
 
 forfaiilt with them. Remember ye not, said she, what the Earl 
 of Murray would have had me done to you for giving me the 
 ring? The Lord Ruthen answered, that he would bear no quarrel 
 for that cause, but would forgive him and all others for God's 
 sake; and as to that ring, it had no more virtue than another, 
 and was one little ring with a pointed diamond in it. Remember 
 ye not, said her Majesty, that ye said it had a virtue to keep me 
 from poisoning? Yea, madam, I said so much, that the ring 
 had that virtue, only to take that evil opinion out of your 
 head of poisoning, which you conceived that the Protestants 
 would have done; which the said Lord knew the contrary, that 
 the Protestants would have done no more harm to your Majesty's 
 body than to their own hearts ; but it was so imprinted in your 
 Majesty's mind, that it could not be taken away without a con- 
 trary impression. Then said her Majesty, what fault or offence 
 have I made to be handled in this manner.'' Inquire, said he, 
 of the King your husband. Nay, but I will inquire of you : 
 who answered. Madam, ye well remember that ye have had 
 this long time a few number of privy persons, and most special 
 Davie, a stranger Italian, who have guided and ruled you con- 
 trary to the advice of your nobility and counsel ; and especially 
 ao^ainst these noblemen that were banished. But were ye not 
 one of mv council ? what is the cause that ye should not have 
 declared, if I had done any thing amiss against them that 
 became me not ? Because your Majesty would hear no such 
 thins; : for all the time that your Majesty was in Glascow or 
 Dumfriese, let see if ever ye caused your council to sit, or to 
 reason upon any thing, but did all things by your Majesty's self 
 and your privy persons, albeit the nobility bare the pains and 
 expcnces. Well, said her Majesty, ye find great fault with me, 
 I will be contented to set down my crown bel'ore the lords of the 
 articles; and if they i\in\ I have ollended, to give it where they 
 please. God forbid, madam, that your crown should be in sucb 
 hazard; but yet, madam, who chose the lords of the articles? 
 Not 1, >aid she. Saving your Majesty's reverence, said the 
 Lord Ruthen, ye chose them all in Seatou, and nominated them : 
 
 E
 
 dG A RELATION OF THE 
 
 And as for your Majesty's council, it hath not been suffered 
 to wait freely this long time, but behoved to say what was your 
 pleasure. And as to the lords of the articles, your Majesty 
 chose such as would say whatsoever you thought expedient to 
 the forfaulters of the lords banished: And now when the lords 
 of the articles have sitten fourteen days reasoning on the sum- 
 mons of treason, have ye found a just head wherefore they 
 ought to be forfaulted? No, madam, not so much as one point, 
 without false witness be brought in against them. Whereunto 
 she gave no answer. 
 
 The Lord Ruthen perceiving that the Queen's Majesty was 
 weary, said to the King, Sir, it is best ye take your leave at the 
 Queen's Majesty, that she may take rest: So the King took his 
 good night, and came forth of the Queen's chamber, and we with 
 him, and left none there but the ladies, gentlevv* men, and the 
 grooms of the Queen's Majesty's chamber. And so soon as the 
 King came to his own chamber, the Lord Ruthen declared, the 
 message he had from the Earl of Athol to the King, that he 
 might have license to return home to Athol : Which the King 
 was loth to do without lie gave him a band that he should be his. 
 The Lord Ruthen answered, that he was a true man of his promise, 
 and would keep the thing he said, as well as others would do their 
 hand-writing and seal. Then the King desired him to fetch the 
 Earl of jlthol to him; which he did : And after the King and 
 Earl of Athol had talked together, he desired the earl to be ready 
 to come whensoever he should send for him. 11 is answer was, 
 that whensoever it pleased the Queen's Grace and him to send 
 for him, that he would come gladly: And the earl desired the 
 King that he might speak with the Queen's Majesty, which the 
 King refused. And then the earl took his good night, and passed 
 to his chamber, and the Lord Ruthen with him, where he made 
 him ready and his company to pass forth, like as they did ; and 
 in his company were the Earls of Sutherland and Cathness, the 
 Master of Cathness, the secretary, and cjntroler, Mr. James 
 Balfour, the Laird of Grunt, with divers others. Liimediately 
 I lie King directed two writings, subscribed with his hand, on
 
 UEATH or DAVID RICCIO. '27 
 
 Saturday after tlie slaughter of Dorie, to certain men of Edenburg 
 bearing office for the time, charging them to convene men in 
 arms, and make watch within the town upon the Calsay; and to 
 suffer none others to be seen out of their houses, except Pro- 
 testants, under all highest pain and charge that after may follow. 
 And on the morrow after, which was Sunday the 10th of March, 
 the King directed a letter, subscribed with his hand, making 
 mention that it was not his will that the parliament should hold, 
 for divers causes, but discharged the same by the tenor thereof: 
 And therefore commanding all prelats, earls, lords, barons, com- 
 missioners, and barrowis, and others that are warned to the said 
 parliament, to depart from Edenburg within three hours next after 
 that charge, under the pain of life, lands, and goods, except so 
 many as the King by his special command caused to remain; 
 which letter was openly proclaimed at the Market-cross, and fully 
 obeyed. The gates being locked, the King being in his bed, the 
 Queen's Majesty walking in her chamber, the said Lord liuthen 
 took air upon the lower gate, and the privy passages : and at the 
 King's command, in the mean time, Davie was hurled down the 
 steps of the stairs from the place where he was slain, and brought 
 to the porter's lodge; where the porter's servant taking off" his 
 clothes, said. This hath been his destiny ; for upon this chest was 
 his first bed when he entred into this place, and now here he lieth 
 again, a very ingrate and misknowing knave. The King's whi- 
 niard was iound sticking in Davie's side after he was dead; but 
 always the Queen inquired of the King where his whiniard was ? 
 wlu; answered, that he wit not well: \\ ell, said she, it will be 
 known afterwards. 
 
 The King rose at eight of the clock, and passed to the Queen's 
 cliainljcr, where he and she fell to reasoning of the matter pro- 
 ceeded the night afore, the one grating on the other till it was ten 
 a clock, then the King came down to his clunnher; and at his 
 coming I'rom her, she desired him to let all the ladies and gentle- 
 wonun come unto her, which the King granted, and at ln> coming 
 down shewed the same to the Earl of Morton and Lord Riii/ien, 
 who were not contented with the same; and shewed the King, 
 
 ! '2
 
 28 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 that they feared that the Queen's Majesty would traffick by them 
 with the lords, and all other that would do for her, like as it 
 followed indeed : For instantly her Majesty wrote some writing, 
 and caused them to write others in her name to the Earls of Argile, 
 Huntly, Bothzcel, At hoi, and others. After that the King had 
 dined, he passed up to the Queen's Majesty's chamber, where the 
 Queen made as she would have parted with Bairn, and caused the 
 midwife to come and say the same. So her Majesty complained 
 that she could get none of the gentlewomen to come up to her, 
 Scots nor French. The King sending this word to the Earl of 
 Morion and Lord Rut hen, all were let in that pleased. At the 
 same time the Queen's Majesty thought that the Lord Ruthen 
 would do her body harm, and sent John Semple, son to the Lord 
 Semple, to Lord Ruthen to enquire what her Majesty might lippen 
 unto in that behalf: Whose answer was, that he would no more 
 liarm to her body, than to his own heart ; if any man intended 
 to do otherwise, he should defend her Majesty's body at the 
 uttermost of his power. And further said, her Majesty had 
 experience of his mind in that night's proceeding, when he 
 suffered none come near her Majesty to molest and trouble her. 
 John Semple brought this message to the Lord Ruthen at two of 
 the clock afternoon, sitting then in the King's utter chamber at his 
 dinner. At four of the clock the King came down to his chamber, 
 where the Lord Ruthen shewed him that the Queen's Majesty was 
 to steal out among the throng of the gentlewomen in their down- 
 coming, as he said he was advertised. So the King commanded 
 him to give attendance thereto ; which he did, and put certain 
 to the door, and let no body nor gentlewoman pass forth undis- 
 muffled. 
 
 After, about seven or eight of the clock, the Earls of Murray 
 and Rothes, with their complices, came out of England, and 
 lighted at the abbey, and were thankfully received of the Kino- 
 and after certain communing, the Earl of Murraif took his good- 
 night of the King, and passed to the Earl of Mortons house to 
 supper, hnmediately thereafter, the Queen's Majesty sent one of 
 her ushers, called Robert Phirsell, for the Earl of Murray; who
 
 DF.ATII OF DAVID KTCCIO. 29 
 
 passed to her Majesty, whom she received pleasantly, as appeared; 
 and after communing, he passed to the Earl of Morton's house 
 again, where he remained that night. At this time the King 
 remained communing with the Queen's Majesty, and after long 
 reasoning with her, she granted to lie with him all night, he coming 
 to her chamber, and putting all men out of his utter chamber, ex- 
 cept the waiters of his chamber, and made a complaint that her 
 gentlewomen could not go forth at the door undismuffled at the 
 King's coming down. He shewed the Earl of Morton and Lord 
 Ruthen the whole manner of his proceedings with the Queen's Ma- 
 jesty, which they liked no way, because they perceived the King 
 grew effeminate again ; and said to him, we sec no other but ye are 
 able to do that thing that will gar you and us both repent. Always 
 lie would have the said earl and lord to rid all the house, conform 
 to the Queen's Majesty's desire ; which they did, and the Lord 
 Ruthen passed and lay in the King's wardrobe: and after he was lien 
 down, George Douglas came to him, and shewed him that the King 
 was fallen asleep. He caused George to go to wake the King; and 
 after that he had gone in twice or thrice, finding him slee[)ing so 
 sound, he would not awake him. Thereat the said lord was very 
 miscontented ; the King slept still till six in tbe morning, that the 
 Lord Ruthen came and reproved him, that he had not kejit his pro- 
 mise to the Queen's Majesty, in lying with her all that night. His 
 answer was, that he was fallen on such a dead sleep that he could 
 not awaken; and |)Ut the blame to JVU/iam Tellor, one of his ser- 
 vants, that permitted him to sleep. But always, said he, I will 
 take my night-gown and go up to the Queen. The Lord Ruthen 
 answered, 1 trust she shall serve you in the morning as you did 
 her at night. Always the King passed up, being Monday the 
 J 1th of March, at six of the clock, to her Majesty's chamber, 
 and sat down on the bed-side, she being sleej)ing, or at least nade 
 her self so, and sat there by the space of one hour e're she spake 
 word to him. I'hcn when her Majesty waked, she rn(|iiiri(l of 
 the King, why he came not up yesterday niglil eonloiui to his 
 promise.' lie answered, he fell in so dead a sleeep, that he 
 awaked not afore six. Now, saith he, am J eoine, and oiVered to
 
 30 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 lie down beside her Majesty; but she would not suffer him, for 
 she said she was sick, and would rise incontinent. Then the 
 King fell in reasoning with her Majesty towards the returning of 
 the said lords that were banished, and forgiving of them all 
 offences, and likewise for the slaughter of Davie : and as appeared 
 to him her Majesty was content ; for the King came down to his 
 own chamber at eight of the clock very merrily, and shewed the 
 Earl of Morton and Lord Ruthen the proceedings betwixt him 
 and the Queen's Majesty : who answered him, and said, all was 
 but words that they heard. For look how ye intend to perswade 
 her Majesty ; we fear she will persuade you to follow her will and 
 desire, by reason she hath been trained up from her youth in the 
 court of France, as well in the affairs of France as Scotland, in 
 the privy council. Well, said the King, will ye let me alone, and 
 I will warrant to dress all things well. And after that the King 
 had put on his clothes, he passed at nine to the Queen's cham- 
 ber, where he reasoned of many things with her Majesty : And 
 at his returning to his dinner at eleven, he declared to the Earls 
 of Murray and Morton^ Lords Ruthen and Lindzat/, that he had 
 addressed the Queen's Majesty; that the said two earls and Lord 
 Ruthen, should come to the presence of the Queen's Majesty, 
 and she would forgive, and put in oblivion all things by-past, and 
 bury them out of her Majesty's mind, as they had never been. 
 The said earls and lords answered, that all that speaking was but 
 policy; and suppose it were promised, little or nothing would be 
 kept. Always the King took freely in hand, and bad them make 
 such security as they pleased, and the Queen's Majesty and he 
 should subscribe the same. And then after dinner the King passed 
 up again to the Queen's chamber, where the midwife was made to 
 come to him, and said, that the Queen would not fail to part 
 with Bairn, if her Majesty went not to some other place where 
 there were more freer air; and in like maruier divers of the lords 
 said the same. And the King returning to his chamber at three 
 afternoon, declared the same to the Earls and Lord Ruthen: And 
 in the mean time in came the French docioi, who declared to the 
 King, that it was unable to the Queen's Majesty to eschew a fever;
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. .>! 
 
 which, if she take, she will not fail to part with Buirn, without 
 8he were transported from that place to some better aired place. 
 After they were departed, the King inquired of the said carls and 
 lords, what they thought of their speaking? \\ ho answered, 
 they feared all was but craft and policy that was spoken and done. 
 Always the King would not trow the same, and said, that she was 
 a true Princess, and that thing she promised, he would set his life 
 for the same. And between four and five afternoon, the King 
 passed to the Queen's chamber, and took the Earls of Morton, 
 Murraif, and Lord Rutlien with him ; and after they had come to 
 the Queen's utter chamber, the King went in and left the lords, 
 to know her pleasure, whether her Majesty would come out of 
 her utter chamber, or if the lords should come into her Majesty. 
 She took purpose, and came out of the utter chamber, led by the 
 King; the said earls and lords sitting down upon their knees, made 
 their general oration by the Earl of Morton, chancellor, and after, 
 their particular orations by themselves. And after that her Ma- 
 jesty had heard all, her answer was, that it was not unknown to 
 the lords, that she was never blood-thirsty, nor greedy upon their 
 lands and goods, sithcnce her coming into Scotland; nor yet 
 would be upon theirs that were present, but would remit the whole 
 number that was banished, or were at the last deed ; and bury 
 and })ut all things in oblivion as if they had never been ; and so 
 caused the said earls, lords, and barons, to arise on their feet. 
 And afterwards her iVlajesty desired them to make their own 
 security in that sort they [)leased best, and she shoulil subscribe 
 the same. Thereafter her Majesty took the King bv the one hand, 
 and the Earl of Murray/ by the other, and walked in her said ultcr 
 chamber the space of one hour; and then her Majesty passed into 
 her iiwier chamber, where she and the King ap])()inte(l, that all 
 ihey that were on the King's partv, shcnild 'j^o forth ol the [>laee 
 after supjjer. The King coming down to his ehanilxr alorc six 
 of the elcjck, the articles which were the secniilv that u<re on the 
 Kitig'-- party, were given l)y the Ean> oi' Murrtii/ nwd Morton, and 
 Lords liulhen and LimUei/ t(j the king, to he >iibs(ril)e(l l)v the 
 Queen, which tlu King took m hand -o soon as hi' had supped
 
 32 A KF.LATION OF THE 
 
 to be done ; and he desired the said lords to remove themselves out 
 of the palace, to that effect, that her Majesty's guard and servants 
 might order all as they pleased. The lords answer was to the 
 King, You may well cause us to do that thing that is your plea- 
 sure, but it is sore against our wills; for we fear all this is but 
 deceit that is meant towards us, and that the Queen's Majesty 
 will pass away secretly, and take you with her, either to the castle 
 of Edenburg, or else Dunbar. And here the Lord Ruthen pro- 
 tested, that what end followed thereupon, or what blood was shed 
 for the same, that it should come upon the King's head and pos- 
 terity, and nought upon theirs. The King said, he should warrant 
 all. So they departed, and took their leave of the King, and 
 passed all forth of the palace of Holyrood-house to the Earl of 
 Mortons house, where they supped ; and after supper directed 
 Mr. Archibald Douglass to the King, to see if the Queen's Ma- 
 jesty had subscribed the articles of the lords and barons security. 
 The King gave answer, that he had let the Queen's Majesty see 
 them, who found them very good ; and because she was sick and 
 going to her bed, she delayed the subscribing of them to the 
 morning ; and immediately after Mr. Archibald returned to the 
 lords with answer. The Laird of Traquair, master of the guard, 
 made an errant to the Earl of Murray, to see what the lords were 
 doing, and after he was departed, the whole earls, lords, and 
 barons, with gentlemen, passed to the town of Edenburgh to their 
 beds, believing surely the Queen's Majesty's promise, and the 
 King's. 
 
 The same night about one a clock after midnight, the Queen's 
 Majesty and the King with her, w^ent out at a back-door that 
 passed through the wine-cellar ; where Arthur Erskin, the captain 
 of the guard, and other six or seven persons, met her Majesty, 
 with her horses, and rode toward Dunbar ; and on the morrow, 
 which was Tuesday, the 12th of March, the lords hearing how 
 the Queen's Majesty was departed, and taken the King with her, 
 convened the earls, lords, barons, and gentlemen, and after the 
 matter was appointed, enquired every man's o})inion, which con- 
 cluded all to remain in the town of Edenburgh, till such time they
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 35 
 
 might send some noblemen to ber Majest}' for performance of 
 the articles promised for their security ; and to that effect sent 
 for the Lord Semple, and desired him that he would pass to 
 Dunbar, with a writing of the lords, which he granted to do, 
 and received the same with a copy of the articles that the King 
 received before, and promised to do his utter diligence to get 
 the same immediately sped, if it were the King and Queen's 
 Majesties pleasure so to do. After the Lord Semple's coming to 
 Dunbar, having presented the lords writing to their Majesties, he 
 was evil taken with the Queen's Majesty, who caused him to 
 remain three days : he reported at his returning, that there was 
 no good way to be looked for there, but extremity to the earls, 
 lords, and gentlemen, who had been at the slaughter of David, 
 notwithstanding her Majesty's promise made before. At that 
 time her Majesty being in Dunbar, wrote to all earls, lords, and 
 barons, to meet her in Haddington town the 17th or 18th of 
 March, and likewise directed universal letters, charging all man- 
 ner of men betwixt sixt}' and sixteen to be there, day and place 
 aforesaid, being in arms in fear of war; and also sent divers 
 charges to the Lord Erakine, captain of the castle of Edinburgh, 
 to shut up the town, unless the lords departed out of it. In 
 this time it was declared to the Earl of Murray, that if he 
 would sue address to the Queen's Majesty, he would obtain the 
 same, who shewed it to the lords, who counselled him to write 
 to her Majesty to that effect; which he did, and received her 
 Majesty's answer with certain articles. In this time the Earl of 
 Glencarn and Rothes took their appointment of the Queen's Ma- 
 jesty. The Earl of Morton, Lord Ruthen, and the remanent their 
 complices, perceiving that the Queen was willing to remit the lords 
 banished into England and Argylc, and bare her Majesty's whole 
 rage against them that were with the King at the slaughter of 
 Davie, thought best to retire themselves into England, midcr the 
 Queen's Majesty of J^ngland's protection, till such time as the 
 nobility of Scotland their peers, untlerstood theii cause; lor they 
 have (lone nothing without the King's command, as is before 
 mentioned, and doubt not but their cause shall be found just and
 
 34 A RELATION OF THE 
 
 honest whensoever the same be tried; and lament the extream 
 handling contrary to order and justice, that they may not compear 
 for fear of their lives; in respect that her Majesty hath caused a 
 band to be made, and all earls, lords, and barons, that resorted 
 to her Majesty, to subscribe the same, that they shall pursue the 
 said Earl Morton, Lord Rutlien, and Littchai/, and their complices 
 with fire and sword; which is against all order of the law: And 
 on Saturday, the 2<2d of March, her Majesty hath caused to 
 be summoned the Earl of Morton, Lords Riithen and Lindsay, 
 the Master of Ruthven, Lairds of Orniyston, Brinston, lialton, 
 Elvelston, Calder, Andrexa Carr of Faldomside, Alexander Riithen, 
 brother to the Lord Ruthe/i, Patrick Murray of Tippermure, 
 William Douglas of AVhittingham, Archibald Douglas, his bro- 
 ther, George Douglas, Lyndsay of Prystone, Thomas Scott of 
 Cambysmichet, Jiilliam Douglas of Lochleven, James Jeffert 
 of Shreffal, Adam Erskine, commendator of Camskinnel, Men- 
 tershfear of Kars, Patrick Ballenden of Stenehouse, brother to 
 Justice Clerk, Patrick Wood of Conyton, Mr. James Magil, 
 clerk of registers, with others, to compear before her Majesty 
 and secret council within six days, under the pain of rebel- 
 lion, and putting them to her horn, and eschetting and bringing 
 of all their moveable goods, the which like order is not used in 
 any christian reahn ; nor is it the law of Scotland of old ; but 
 new cropen in, and invented by them that understand no law 
 nor yet good })ractice : and how her Majesty hath handled the 
 barons of jLo^/a/i our brothers, it is known; and in likewise our 
 poor brethren of Edinburgh, merchants, and craftsmen, and how 
 they are oppressed by the men of war God knoweth, who will put 
 remedy hereto when it pleaseth him best : and how the lords and 
 barons wives are oppressed in spoiling of their phiccs, robbing 
 of their goods without any fine for the same, it would pity 
 a godly heart. And where her Majesty alledgeth, that night 
 that Davie was slain, some held })istols to her Majesty; some 
 stroke whiniards so near her, that she lelt the coldness of the iron, 
 with many other such like sayings, which we take God to record 
 was never meant nor done: lur the said Davie received never a
 
 DEATH OF DAVID RICCIO. 35 
 
 Stroke in her Majesty's presence, nor was not stricken till he 
 was at the farthest door of her Majesty's utter chamber, as is before 
 rehearsed. Her Majesty makes all these allegations to draw the 
 Earl Morion, the Lord JRufhen and Lindsay, and their complices, 
 in greater hatred with other foreign princes, and with the nobility 
 and commonalty of the realm, who have experience of the con- 
 trary, and know that there was no evil meant to her Majesty's 
 body. The eternal God who hath the rule of Princes hearts in 
 his hands, send her his Holy Spirit, to instruct her how she should 
 rule and govern with clemency and mercy over her subjects. 
 Written at Berwick the 28th day of March, 1^65.
 
 NOTES. 
 
 r 
 
 The body of Riccio was buried within two hours after the murde 
 in the cemetery of Holyrood. Buchanan states, that it was shortly 
 after removed by the Queen's orders, and buried in the sepulchre of 
 the Kings of Scotland ; a measure the most impolitic, as it strength- 
 ened the previous reports of her familiaiity with him. 
 
 The process against the persons concerned was very severe ; some 
 were put to death; others banished; and many were fined ; but the 
 principals of the conspiracy had either escaped into England, or 
 concealed themselves in the Highlands. All offices and places of 
 trust were taken away from those who were in the least suspected, 
 and conferred on their enemies. And a proclamation was issued, 
 forbidding any person to say that the King had any knowledge 
 or part in the death of Riccio, The preceding account by Lord 
 Ruthen is however a sufficient proof of the Kings share in it, and 
 the proclamation only tends to coiifirm it.
 
 AN 
 
 9lttovmt of a (Quarrel 
 
 BETWEEN 
 
 ARTHUR HALL, ESQ. 
 
 AND 
 
 MELCHISEDECH MALLERIE, GENT. 
 
 WITH THE 
 
 PROCEEDINGS IX TliE SUITS WHICH AROSE THEREFROM : 
 
 AND A LETTER ON THE ORIGIN AND ANTIQUITY OF PARLIAMENT. 
 WITH ADVICE TO A MEMBER FOR HIS CONDUCT THEREIN. 
 
 THE WHOLE WRITTEN BY ARTHUR HALL, ESQ. 
 
 MEMBER FOR GRANTHAM IN SEVERAL PARLIAMENTS OF Q. ELIZABETH, 
 
 AND TRANSLATOR OF TEN BOOKS OF UOMER's ILIAD 
 
 INTO ENGLISH VERSE 
 
 LON DON : 
 
 urii'iiTNTri) KOR ROHKirr TiiiriiooK, .'57, sr. james's street 
 
 1815.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 In the present portion of our Archseological Miscellany 
 we have the satisfaction of rescuing from oblivion one of 
 the most curious and lively pictures of ancient manners 
 perhaps in existence ; and if it were fair to estimate the 
 value of things by their rarity, the following tract might 
 on this score lay claim to a high degree of consideration : 
 we should not, however, have thought ourselves warranted 
 in reprinting it, had it only this recommendation j but it 
 has a much more powerful title to the place it holds in 
 this work, and the curious inquirer into ancient manners 
 will be highly gratified with the singularly interesting view 
 which it affords of the habits and manners of the young 
 men of family and fashion who formed the court of oiu' 
 maiden Queen. 
 
 The author of this literary rarity, Arthur Hall, is well 
 known to those who are curious in our })oetical antiquities, 
 as the author of the first attempt to render IIohht's Iliad 
 into English. He appears to have been a travelled and 
 well educated man; and the following performance, though 
 it sometimes exhibits him in an unamiable j)oint of view, 
 
 a 'Z 
 
 4;:(jsy5
 
 IV ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 yet has a discrimination and show of candour pervading it, 
 which speaks loudly in favour of his judgment. 
 
 In his translation of Homer he has, however, entirely 
 failed. The attempt was probably beyond hisi powers, 
 and yet it may be in some measure owing to his having 
 used the tame and insipid French version of Hugues de 
 Salel, and his unfortunate preference of the Alexandrine 
 measure of Sternhold and Hopkins ; it seems however that 
 he compared his translation with the Latin version, and 
 occasionally with the Greek ; but it must be confessed it 
 has now but little claim to our attention, and derives 
 its chief value from the circumstance of being the first 
 translation of Homer, and but for this, it would not perhaps, 
 even in the present age when our early poetry is so eagerly 
 coveted by collectors, hold any place in a poetical library. 
 In the advertisement prefixed to his translation of Homer, 
 he says he began it about 1563, under the advice and en- 
 couragement of " Mr. Robert Askame, a familiar acquaint- 
 ance of Homer's :" it is presumed he here means the 
 celebrated Roger Ascham, who must have thought highly 
 of his juvenile capacity, by advising him to undertake 
 such an arduous task. 
 
 He appears to have been the representative for the 
 borough of Grantham in several successive parliaments, 
 and being disabled by the vote of the House from again 
 serving, in 1586 he sued the borough for his wages. That 
 he was ratlier of a turbulent disposition will plainly appear
 
 AD\TERTISEMENT. V 
 
 from the following statement of his quarrel with Mallerie; 
 for as it is his own account, we may fairly presume that 
 some of the asperities of his case are softened. The 
 severity with which he was visited by the House of Com- 
 mons makes it plainly appear that he w as obnoxious to 
 them ; and the frequency with which his name appears on 
 the Journals as a refractory member, reflects no credit on 
 his character, unless we could conceive his vile picture of 
 the House a just one, and that he resisted their measures 
 and became troublesome from a sense of duty. Be this as it 
 may, and supposing his statement exaggerated, the House 
 of Commons appears to have been, as then constituted, 
 a kind of bear garden ; that his attack upon it was in some 
 degree justified by its character, and is perhaps further 
 extenuated by his supposing himself unjustly and harshly 
 treated from motives of party feeling among them, and 
 on account of liis censure of their slavish servility and 
 degraded state. 
 
 To the legislator of the present day, the circumstantial 
 detail of the ])roccedings in Parliament, which are to be 
 found in the following pages, will be higlily anuising : 
 and the second part of tliis performance may be read with 
 considerable advantage by all who fill or aspire to that 
 dignified and important station. For the lawyer, the 
 curious detail of the conduct of the suit between Mallerie 
 and Hall must ha\e a \ery considerable di'gree of in- 
 terest : and to all who take ])leasure in iiupiiring into the
 
 \l ADVERTISEMENT* 
 
 state of manners among our ancestors, this volume pos- 
 sesses considerable attraction. It is no imaginary pic- 
 ture drawn by the hand of fancy, or overcharged exhi- 
 bition of fashionable follies designed by a satiric pencil, 
 but a true portraiture of living manners delineated by an 
 actor in the scene, with a force and vigour that brings 
 them before us " as they lived,'* so that we may imagine 
 we see them act, and hear them discourse. 
 
 Ames, and Herbert,* have both, under the head of 
 Henry Bynneman, referred to the Journals of the House 
 of Commons to show that he was summoned before the 
 House for having printed a libellous pamphlet written by 
 Arthur Hall ; but they have neither of them been enabled 
 even to hazard a conjecture of its title. If we attend to 
 the proceedings, as registered in Sir Simon D'Ewes, we 
 shaU see that but fourteen copies out of eighty or an hun- 
 dred, which were printed, were delivered to Hall and his 
 friends by the printer; the rest were condemned and con- 
 sequently destroyed by a decree of the House. It is 
 therefore a very extraordinary chance which has preserved 
 one out of so small a number of copies ; and the Editor ac- 
 counts himself fortunate in being instrumental to the pre- 
 servation of so curious and piquant a morsel to the literary 
 antiquary of this inquiring age. 
 
 * Ilerheri's Ames, vol. ii. p. 9^3 .
 
 HALL S CASE FROM D EWES* JOURNAL. vii 
 
 The following extracts from D'Ewes* Journals of the 
 Parliaments of Queen Elizabeth, will illustrate the history 
 of this singular pamphlet most fully. 
 
 * Upon sundry motions made by divers of this House, it was ordered, that Xlth May, 
 Arthur Hall, Esq. for sundry lewd speeches used as well in this House as also t572. 
 abroad elsewhere, shall have warning by the Serjeant to he here on Monday 
 next, and at the bar to answer to such things as he shall then and there be 
 charged with. 
 
 And it was further ordered, that all such persons as have noted his words in 
 writing, either in this house or abroad, do forthwith assemble in the chamber 
 above, and put the same words in writing, and afterwards deliver them to Mr. 
 Speaker, to the end he may charge the said Hall on Monday next. 
 
 This day Arthur Hall, Esq. being brought by the Serjeant to the bar and ^9'^ May. 
 charged by the House with seven several articles, humbly submitted himself to ^^^^ 
 the House, and confessed his folly as well touching the said articles, as also his 
 other fond and unadvised speech at the bar, and was upon the question remitted 
 with a good exhortation given him by Mr. Speaker at large. 
 
 Mr. Lieutenant of the Tower, Sir Nicholas Arnold, and Mr. Sergeant Love- \(5lh Feh. 
 lace were appointed to examine the matter touching the arrest of Mr. Hall's ser- 1373. 
 vant, before Mr. Speaker at his chamber. 
 
 Upon the question and also upon the division of the House, it was ordered, 20(h Feh, 
 that Edward Smalley, yeoman, servant unto Arthur Hall, Esq. one of the bur- 
 gesses for Grantham, shall have priviledge. 
 
 Report was made by Mr. Attorney of the dutchy upon the committee for the 22(i Feb. 
 delivery of Mr. Hall's man, that the committee found no precedent for setting at 
 large by the mace, any person in arrest, but only by writ, and that by divers pre- 
 cedents of records perused by the said conmiittecs it appearctli, that every Knight, 
 Citizen, and Burgess of this House which doth require priviledge, hath used in 
 that case to take a corporal oath before the Lord Cliancellor, or Lord Kc'e|RT of 
 the Great Seal for the time being; that the party for whom such writ is ])rave(l, 
 came up with him, and was his servant at the lime of the arrest niado ; and iliat 
 Mr. Hall was thereupon moved by this House that he should repair to tlio Lord 
 Keeper and make oath in form aforesaid, and then to |)ro(ei(l to the i.ikini; of a 
 warrant for a writ of priviledge for his said servant, acct)r(Uii^ to tlie <ai(l rt|)ort of 
 the said former precedents. 
 
 After simdry reasons and arguments it was resolved, that I'.dward Smalley, 2~lh Feh. 
 M;rvant unto Arthur Hall, Esq. sluill i)e brought hillur to-morrow by the Serjeant, 
 and sit at liberty by warrant of the Mace, and not hy W rit. 
 
 Edward Smalley, servant unto .Arthur Hail, L-tj. heiot; this day hrou^lit to "S//( Fth. 
 the bar in the House hy the Serjeant of ihii House, and accompanied with two 
 Serjeants of London, was presently (ielivered from his imprisonment and execu-
 
 Vlll 
 
 A. HALL S CASE 
 
 tion according to the former judgment of this House, and the said Serjeants of 
 London discharged of their said prisoner ; and immediately after that the said 
 Serjeants of London were sequestred out of this House, and the said Edward 
 Smalley was committed to the charge of the Serjeant of this House. And there- 
 upon the said Edward Smalley was sequestred till this House should be resolved 
 upon some former motions, whether the said Edward Smalley did procure him- 
 self to be arrested upon the said execution, in the abusing and contempt of this 
 House, or not. 
 Tlk March, Upon the question it was ordered that Mr. Hall be sequestred the House 
 
 \b7[>. while the matter touching the supposed contempt done to this House be argued 
 
 and debated. 
 
 Edward Smalley upon the question was adjudged guilty of contempt, and 
 abusing of this House by fraudulent practice of procuring himself to be arrested 
 upon the execution of his own assent and intention, to be discharged as well of his 
 imprisonment as of the said execution. 
 
 Matthew Kirtleton, school-master to Mr. Hall, was likewise upon another 
 question adjudged guilty by this House of like contempt and abvising of this House, 
 in confed^fracy and practice with the said Smalley in the intentions aforesaid. 
 
 Upon another question it was adjudged by the House, that the said Smalley 
 be for his misdemeanor and contempt committed to the prison of the Tower. 
 
 Upon the like question it was also adjudged by this House, that the said Kir- 
 tleton, schoolmaster, be also for his said lewd demeanor and contempt in abusing 
 of this House committed to the prison of the Tower. 
 
 Upon another question it was also resolved that the Serjeant of this House be 
 commanded to bring the said Edward Smalley and the said Matthew Kirtleton, 
 schoolmaster to Mr. Hall, into the House to-morrow next in the forenoon, to 
 hear and receive their said judgments accordingly. 
 
 And further that the matter wherein the said Arthur Hall, Esq. is supposed 
 to be touched either in the privity of the said matter of arrest, or in the abusing 
 of the committees of this House, shall be deferred to be further dealt in till to- 
 morrow. 
 \Qth March. The Bill against Arthur Hall Esq, Edward Smalley, and Matthew Kirtleton 
 
 his senant, was read the first time. 
 
 Edward Smalley, servant unto Arthur Hall, Esq. appearing in this House this 
 day at the bar, it was pronounced unto him by Mr. Speaker in the name and by 
 the appointment and order of this House, for execution of the former judgment 
 of this House awarded against him. That he the said Edward Smalley shall be 
 forthwith committed prisoner from this House to the Tower of London, and 
 there remain for one whole month next ensuing from this present day; and fur- 
 ther after the same month expired, until such time as good and sufficient assu- 
 rance shall be had and made for payment of 100/. of good and lawful money of 
 England, to be paid unto William Hewet administrator of the goods, chattels, 
 and debts of Melchisedech Malory, Gent, deceased, upon the first day of the next 
 term, according to the former order in that behalf by this House made and set
 
 FROM d'ewes' journals. ix 
 
 down, and also forty shillings for the Serjeants fees j the notice of which assurance 
 for the true payment of the said hundred pounds in form aforesaid, to be certified, 
 unto Mr. Lieutenant of the Tower bv Mr. Recorder of London before any deli- 
 very or setting at hberty of the said Edward Smalley to be in any wise had, or 
 made, at any time after the expiration of the said month, as is aforesaid ; and that 
 he shall not be delivered out of prison before such notice certified, whether the 
 same be before the said first day of the next term, or after. 
 
 Upon a motion made to this House by Mr. Norton, in which he declared that 4/A Feh. 1580. 
 some person of late had caused a book to be set forth in print, not only greatly , , . 
 reproachful against some particular good members of this House of great i<T the letttr. 
 credit, but also very much slanderous and derogatory to the general authority, 
 power, and state of this House, and prejudicial to the validity of the proceedings 
 of the same, in making and establishing of laws, charging this House with 
 drunkenness, as accompanied in their councils with Bacchus, and then also wiht 
 choler, as those which had never sailed to Anticyra, and the proceedings of this 
 House to be Opera tenehrarum ; and further that by the circumstance of the resi- 
 due of the discourse of the said book he conjectured the same to be done and pro- 
 cured by Mr. Arthur Hall one of this House, and so prayed thereupon the said 
 Mr. Hall might be called by this House to answer, and the matter further to be 
 duly examined as the weight thereof, in due consideration of the gravity and wis- 
 dom of this House and of the authority, state, and liberty of the s;ime requireth. 
 It is resolved that the said Mr. Hall be forthwith sent for by the Serjeant at 
 arms attending upon this House, to make his appearance here in that behalf ac- 
 cordingly. 
 
 And then immediately Mr. Secretary Wilson did thereupon signify unto this 
 House, that the said Mr. Hall had upon his examination therein, before the Lords 
 of the Council, heretofore confessed in the heariniz; of the said Mr. Secretary, 
 that he did cause the said book to be printed indeed ; upon relation whereof and 
 after some speech tlien also uttered unto this House by Mr. Chancellor of the 
 Exchequer, of the dangerous and lewd contents of the book, the Serjeant was 
 forthwith by order of this House sent to apprehend the said Arthur Hail, and pre- 
 sently assisted for that purpose with Sir Thomas Scott and Sir Thomas Browne, 
 by the appoiniment of this House. 
 
 A conuuis>ion was also given by this whole House unto Mr. Vic-e-Chaniher- 
 lain, Mr. Chancellor of the Kxehec^iier, Mr. Secretary AVilson, Mr. Trea-urer of 
 the Chamber, Sir Henry Lea, Sir Thomas Cecil, Sir \\ illiaiii I'itz ^^ illianis, 
 and Sir Henry date, to send for the printer of the said imok, and to examine him 
 touching tiie said matter, and afterwards to make report ilureof to this House ac- 
 cordingly. And al?() to take order and advice i'\irtlu'r for the scndinu; for and ajv 
 prchending of the said Arthur Hall, if it should so fall out that he did \\ ithdraw 
 liimself or depart out of town before ,>u(h time as the said .Serjeant coidii find 
 him; with this further resolution also, tliat aiiv such Member of this House as 
 should happen first to see him or meet him, might and should in the name of this 
 
 I)
 
 X A. HALL S CASE 
 
 whole House stay hiai and bring him forth to answer the said matter forthwith 
 before the whole House with all possible speed. 
 6th Feb. 1580. Mr. Secretary Wilson declaring the travel of the committees in examining of 
 the printer that did print Mr. Hall's book, signified unto this house, that the said 
 Bjnneman ex- printer, whose name is Henry Bynnyrnan, upon his examination before the 
 amined: committees said, that one John Wells, a scrivener in Fleet Street, did deliver the 
 
 written copy to him ; and when the book was printed he delivered one book to 
 delivers 1 book Henry Shirland, in Friday Street, linen-draper, to be sent to Mr. Hall, and that 
 ^ ^ I afterwards about a year past he delivered to Mr. Hall six of the said books, and 
 Hall 1 book ^* Michaelmas term last, six other of the said books, and one more to Mr. Hall's 
 toliisman: man shortly after j and said that Mr. Hall promised to get him a priviledge, 
 
 whereupon he adventured (he saith) to print the book, and saith that the copy 
 was written by Wells the scrivener, and that he received of the said Shirland 
 received linen cloth to the value of 6/. 135. 4d for printing the said book. And that he 
 
 1 r urintint' it *^'*^ ^^ ^'^ '^^^ accord the publishing of the said books till he were paid, where 
 Mr. Hall was contented that they should have been put to sale presently. Which 
 report so made by Mr. Secretary, and withal that Mr. Hall and the printer were 
 both then at the door, the said Mr. Hall was thereupon brought to the bar, and 
 being charged by Mr. Speaker in the behalf of the whole house, with the setting 
 forth the said book containing very lewd and slanderous reproach, not only against 
 some particular members of this house, but also against the general state and au- 
 thority of this whole house, denied not the setting forth of the said book, protest- 
 ing the same to be done by him without any malicious intent or meaning, either 
 against the state of this house, or against any member of the same; praying this 
 Hall declares he whole house (if he had oflFended in so doing) they would remit and pardon him ; 
 had onlv one affirming withal very earnestly that he never had any more than one of the said 
 books: and upon <lue consideration of his own rashness and folly therein, willed 
 that all the said books should be suppressed, and then was Mr. Hall sequestred. 
 
 Henry Bynnyrnan the printer was brought to the bar, who affirmed all things 
 as Mr. Secretary Wilson before reported ; and further, that he had printed four- 
 80 or too copies score or an hundred of the said books, and was thereupon sequestred. 
 of the book Henrv Shirland was brought to the bar, who there confessed that Mr. Hall 
 
 did write a letter unto him, and sent the saul bonk unto him, willing him to get 
 it printed. And that thereuiron he delivered the book to the said Bynnyrnan to 
 have it printed, Wells the scrivener being present with him ; and said further 
 that Mr. Hall had paid him again the twenty nobles which before he had paid 
 the printer; and so he was then sequestred. 
 
 And the said Wells brought to the bar, upon his examination saith, that when 
 he was apprentice with one Mr. Dalton, a scrivener in Fleet Street, the said Mr. 
 Hall lying then about Pauls-wharf, sent unto his said master to send one of his 
 iiitn unto him, and that thereupon his said master sent him unto the said Mr. Hall, 
 who when he came delivered to him a book in written hand, willing him to carry 
 it home with him and copy it out; and said, tliat when he had shewed it to his
 
 FROM D EWES JOURNALS. XI 
 
 master, his master conimanded him to write part of it, and his fellows some 
 other part of it; and his said master as he remembreth did write the rest of it. 
 What his master had for the writing of it, he knoweth not. And being further 
 examined saith, that yesterday last past he delivered one of the said books to Sir 
 Randal Brierton from the said Mr. Hall, and then the said John Wells was se- 
 questred. And afterwards all the Privy council being of this house, Mr. Knight 
 Marshal, Mr. Recorder of London, Mr. Serjeant Flowenlewe, Mr. St. Leiger, 
 Mr. Cromwell, Mr. Atkins the Master of the Jewel-house, Sir Thomas Browne, 
 Sir Thomas Scott, Mr. Nathaniel Bacon, Mr. Beale, Mr. Norton, and Mr. Al- 
 ford, were added to the former committees for the further proceeding to the ex- 
 amination of the matter touching Mr. Hall, the printer, the scrivener, and all 
 other persons, parties or privy to the publishing of the said book, set forth in 
 print by the means and procurement of the said Mr. Hall, and to meet upon 
 Wednesday next at two of the clock in the afternoon in the Exchequer Chamber. 
 
 Which done Mr. Hall being brought to the bar again, Mr. Si>eaker declared 
 unto him that this house mindeth further toexaniine ihe particularities of the matter 
 wherewith they have charged him, and do therefore commit him to the Serjeant's 
 ward with this liberty, that upon Wednesday next in the afternoon being ac- 
 companied with the Serjeant he may attend at the Kxchequer Chamber upon the 
 committees in the cause, and was thereupon had out of the house. 
 
 Henry Bynnyman the printer, John Wells the scrivener, and Henry Shirland 
 linen-draper, being brought all three to the bar, were by Mr. Speaker injoined 
 in the name of the whole house to give their attendance upon the said committees 
 at the time and place aforesaid, and also at all times in the mean season thereof 
 if they shall happen to be called by them or any of them, and so were had out of 
 the house. 
 
 And further it is ordered by this house, that Mr. Speaker do send the Serjeant 
 for John Dalton, late master of the said John W^ells, and to charge him also to 
 attend upon the said committees at the said time and place in like manner. 
 
 It is ordered, that Mr. Hall's matter be examined by the committees to- s/It Ftl-. 
 morrow in the afternoon, for that the same cannot be dealt in this day by reason 1 J8U. 
 of the conference to be had with the Lords this afternoon at the court touching 
 matters of religion. 
 
 Mr. Vice-Chamberlain for himself and the residue of the couimittccs ap- ]4/// Fch. 
 pointed to examine Mr. Hall, the printer, the scrivener, and all other persons \.'>H0. 
 privy to the setting forth and publishing of the book, declared that they had ii,,. cimiuittc" 
 charged the said Mr. Hall with contempt against this house the last session, in ni'iMt. 
 that being injoined by this house to ap|)ear, he departed out of lowti in coiitemijt 
 of the court; and afterwards testified the same his wilful contenipl by an un- 
 seemly letter addressed by him to this house; and charged him furl her with divers 
 articles of great im[)ortance selected by tiie saitl conuuittees out of the said book ; 
 as first, with publishing the conferences of this house abroad in print, and that 
 in a libel with a counlerfeit name (if the author, and no name of the printer, and
 
 Xll A. HALL S CASE 
 
 containing matter of Infamy of sundry good particular members of the house, 
 and of the whole state of the house in general, and also of the power and autho- 
 rity of this house, affirming that he knew of his own knowledge that this house 
 had de facto judged and proceeded untruly. 
 
 And was further charged, that he had injuriously impeached the memory of 
 the late Speaker deceased, and had impugned the authority of this house in ap- 
 pointing committees without his assent ; and that In defacing the credit of the 
 body and members of this house, he practised to deface the authority of the laws 
 and proceeding in the parliament, and so to impair the ancient orders touching 
 the government of the realm and rights of this house and the form of making 
 laws, whereby the subjects of the realm are governed. And further was charged, 
 that since his being before the Lords of the Council for his said offence, and after 
 that he had received rebuke of them for the same, and had offered some form of 
 a submission, he had eftsoon again published the said book, and that whereas 
 upon his examination in the house he had denied the having any more than one 
 of the said books, it wis yet proved he had twelve or thirteen, and six of them 
 since the time he was called before the said Lords of the Council. 
 
 Unto all which things as the said Mr. Hall could make no reasonable answer 
 or denial, so the said Mr. VIce-ChamberlaIn very excellently setting forth the 
 natures and qualities of the said offences in their several degrees, moved in the 
 end, that Mr. Hall being without at the door might be called in to answer unto 
 those points before the whole house, and so thereupon to proceed to some end ; 
 and therewithal perswading a due consideration of spending the time, as much as 
 might be. In matters of greatest moment, wherein much less hath been done this 
 session than In any other these many years in like quantity of time. And there- 
 upon afier divers other motions and speeches had in the said matter, the printer 
 was brought to the bar, and being examined, avowed that Mr. Hall, after that he 
 had been before the Lords of the Council, came to him and told him that he had 
 answered the matter for the books before the Council, and that therefore the 
 jirlnter might deliver the said books abroad; and also where the said Printer 
 wished unto the said Mr. Hall since his last committing, that all the said books 
 had been burned before he meddled with them, Mr. Hall should say to him again, 
 he would not for a hundred pound. And then being sequestred. 
 Kail brought to Mr. Hall was brought to the bar, where after some reverence done by him, 
 though not yet in such humble and lowly wise as the state of one In that place to 
 be charged and accused requlreth, whereof being admonished by Mr. Speaker, 
 and further by him charged with sundry of the said parts collected out of the said 
 book, he submitted himself to the house, refusing to make any answer or defence 
 at all in the matter, but acknowledging his errour, prayed pardon of the whole 
 house with all his heart; and that done, was sequestred. 
 
 After which upon sundry motions and arguments had, touching the quality 
 and nature of his faults, and of some proportionable forms of punishment for the 
 same, as imprisonment, fine, banishment from the fellowship of this house, and 
 
 tilt bar.
 
 FROM D EWES JOURNALS. Xlll 
 
 an utter condemnation and retractation of the said book ; it was upon the question 
 resolved by the whole house without any one negative voice, that he should be 
 committed to prison. 
 
 And upon another question it was likewise resolved, that he should be com- Hall to he im- 
 mitted to the prison of the Tower, as the prison proper to this house. pnsoiud in tlw 
 
 And upon another question it was in like manner resolved, that he should n,oths- 
 remain in the said prison of the Tower by the space of six months, and so much 
 longer as until himself should willingly make a retractation of the said book to the 
 satisfaction of this house, or of such order as this house shall take for the same 
 during the continuance of this present parliament. 
 
 And upon another question it was also in like manner resolved, that a fine 
 should be assessed by this house to the Queen's Majesty's use, upon the said Mr. 
 Hall, for his said offence. 
 
 And upon another question it was also resolved in like manner, that the said ami fmi-d .^(H) 
 fine should be five hundred marks. inark>. 
 
 And upon another question also it was likewise resolved, that the said Mr. Expollid ilic 
 Hall should presently be severed and cut off from being a member of this house Huuso. 
 any more during the continuance of this present parliament; and that Mr. Speaker 
 by authority of this house should direct a warrant from this house to the Clerk 
 of the Crown-office in the Chancer)-, for awarding of the Queen's Majesty's writ 
 to the Sheriff of the said county of Lincoln, for a new burgess to be returned into 
 this present parliament for the said borough of Grantham, in lieu and stead of 
 the said Arthur Hall, so as before disabled any longer to be a member of this 
 house. 
 
 And upon another question it was also in like manner resolved, that the said Hie book ad- 
 book and slanderous libel should and shall be holden, deemed, taken, and adjudged'"' 8*^' ,?."' **' 
 
 ' . aiul M'ditious 
 
 to be utterly false and erroneous, and that the same shall be publicly testified, nij^.i, 
 
 affirmed, and set forth to be false, seditious, and erroneous in such sort, order, 
 and degree as by this house shall be during this session of parliament further de- 
 termined in that behalf. 
 
 Which done the said Mr. Hall was brought in agrain to the bar, imto whom 
 Mr. Speaker in the name of the whole house pronounced the said judgment in 
 form aforesaid, and so the Serjeant commanded to take charge of him and convey Hull omimittcd 
 him to the said prison of the Tower, and to deliver him lo Mr. Lieutenant of the '" ''"^' '""'' 
 Tower by warrant from this house to be directed and signed by Mr. Speaker for 
 that jjurpose. Which done and the said Mr. Hall being had away by the Ser- 
 jeant, it was agreed (ujjon a motion made by Mr. Speaker) that the whole course 
 and form of the said proceedings and judgment of this house against tlic said Mr. 
 Hall should be afterwards ordt rly digested and set down in due lorni, lo In- first 
 read in this house, and then so entered by the clerk as ilie n^idue of the orders 
 and j>rocee(lings of this house in other casts arc used to he done, and so it was 
 afterwards drawn into form, rea<l unio the liouse, aiui i iiured 1)\ the clerk ac- 
 cordingly.
 
 XIV 
 
 A. HALL S CASE 
 
 8 th March, 
 1580. 
 
 \8th March. 
 1580. 
 
 Hall not having 
 made a retrac- 
 tation, his case 
 referred to a 
 coininittcc. 
 
 12//i Dec. 
 1583. 
 
 131 h Dec. 
 
 Mr. Lieutenant of the Tower, Sir Thomas Scott, Mr. Cromwell, Mr. Atkins, 
 and' Mr. Norton, were appointed to confer together touching the answering and 
 satisfying of the contents of a letter written by Mr. Hall to Mr. Speaker, which 
 was here read in the house by the clerk, and delivered to Mr. Cromwell one of 
 the committees to be considered by him and the residue of the said committees 
 accordingly. 
 
 Whereas by a former order of this house Arthur Hall, Esq. was committed 
 prisoner to the Tower of London, there to remain by the space of six months, 
 and so much longer as until himself should willingly make a general revocation 
 or retractation under his hand in writing, of certain errors and slanders contained 
 in a certain book set forth in print and published in part, greatly tending to the 
 slander and reproach of Sir Robert Bell, Knight, deceased, late Speaker of this pre- 
 sent parliament, and of sundry other particular members of this house, and also 
 of the power, antiquity, and authority of this house, to the satisfaction of this 
 house, or of such order as this house should take for the same during the continu- 
 ance of this present session of parliament, as by the same order made and set 
 down by this house upon Tuesday being the 14th day of February foregoing in 
 this present session of parliament more at large dolh and may appear : And where 
 also the said Arthur Hall hath ever since the said order taken, remained in the 
 said prison in the Tower, and yet still doth, and hath not at all made any revo- 
 cation or retractation of the said slanders, errors, and untruths, to the satisfaction of 
 this said house according to the said order j It is now therefore ordered and resolved 
 by this house. That the further allowance of such revocation or retractation to be 
 hereafter made as aforesaid, shall be referred unto the Right Honourable Sir 
 Francis Knolles, Knt. one of her Majesty's most honourable privy'council, and 
 treasurer of her Highness' most honourable household. Sir JamesCrofte, Knight, 
 one other of her Majesty's most honourable privy council, and comptroller of her 
 Majesty's said most honourable household. Sir Christopher Hatton, Knight, one 
 other of her Highness' said most honourable privy council, and vice-chamberlain to 
 her Majesty, Sir Francis Walsingham, Knight, and Thomas Wilson, Esquire, 
 her Highness' two principal secretaries, Sir Walter Mildmay, Knight, one of her 
 Majesty's most honourable privy council and chancellor of her Highness' court of 
 exchequer, and Sir Ralph Sadler, Knight, one other of her Majesty's said most 
 honourable privy council and chancellor of her Highness' dutchy of Lancaster, 
 being all members of this house, or unto any three of them, to be by them or any 
 three of them further declared and reported over unto this house in the next 
 session of parliament to be hoiden after the end of this said session accordingly. 
 
 On Saturday the 12th day of December, notice being given to the house of one 
 Mr. Hall, a member of the same, that had not attended all this parliament, it 
 was ordered that the Serjeant should give him warning to attend upon Monday 
 next. 
 
 The business of Mr. Arthur Hall, of which the house had been informed upon 
 their first meeting this morning, was before the rising of the house referred to Mr.
 
 FROM d'eWEs' journals. XV 
 
 WoUcy, Mr. Cromwell, Mr. Diggs, and Mr. Sandes, to peruse the order touch- Hall's exainina- 
 ing the same against Monday next, being the day appointed by the house for the tion in the 
 said Mr. Hall to appear before them. Journals. 
 
 On Monday the 21st day of November (to which day the parliament had 21*/ Nov. 
 been on Friday the 18th day of the said month foregoing last adjourned) Mr. 
 Markham, a burgess for the borough of Grantham in the county of Lincoln, ^^''t'"" in ''^''"'f 
 shewed on the behalf of the inhabitants of the said borough, that Mr. Arthur"./-, j, "^ 
 Hall having been in some former parliaments returned a burgess for the said account of Hall's 
 borough, and in some of the same parliaments, for certain causes the house then *"'* Jor his wages 
 moving, disabled for ever afterwards to be any member of this houe at all, hath *** ' 
 of late brought a writ against the inhabitants of the said borough for his wages 
 (amongst other times) in attendance at the late session of parliament holden at 
 Westminster in the 27th year of her Highnesses reign ; during which time, as 
 also a great part of some other of the said former parliaments he did not serve in 
 the said house, but was for some causes as aforesaid disabled to be any member of 
 this house, and was also then committed prisoner to the Tower of London. And 
 so prayeth the advice and order of this honourable house therein, unto the censure 
 and order whereof the said inhabitants do in most humble and dutiful wise sub- 
 mit themselves. And so shewed the said writ, which was then read by the clerk. 
 After the reading whereof, and some speeches had touching the former proceed- 
 ings in this house against the said Mr. Hall, as well in disabling him to l)e any 
 more a member of this house, as also touching his said imprisonment, the matter 
 was referred to further consideration after search of the precedents and entries of 
 this house heretofore had and made in the course of the said cause. 
 
 On Friday the 2d day of December, upon a motion this day renewed on the 2a Dec. 1580. 
 behalf of the inhabitants of the borough of Grantham in the county of Lincoln, 
 touching a writ brought againt them by Arthur Hall, Esq, whereby he demandeth 
 wages of the said inhabitants for his service done for them in attendance at sun- 
 dry parliaments, being elected and returned one of the burgesses of the said 
 borough in the same parliaments ; forasmuch as it is alledged that the said Ar- 
 thur Hall hath been heretofore disabled by this house to be at any time afterwards 
 a member of this house; and also that in some sessions of the same parliaments 
 he hath neither been free of the corporation of the sairl borough, and in some 
 other also hath not given any attendance in parliament at all ; It is ordered that Case n In nil to 
 the examination of the state of the cause be connuitted to the Right Honourable '' ^ >'imiiitioc. 
 Sir Walter Mildmay, Knt. one of her Majesty's most honourahle privy council, 
 chancellor of her Highnesses court of exchctjucr. Sir Kalpli Sadler, Knight, one 
 other of her Majesty's most honourable ])rivy council and chancellor of lur High- 
 nesses dutchy of Lancaster, Thomas Cromwell, Robert Markham, and Robert 
 Wroth, Ksr|uires; to the end that after due exaniination tlurcof by them had, 
 (if it shall so '^eeui good to them) they do ihereupoii moxe the. Lonl Chancellor 
 on the behalf of this house, to stay the granliiig out of any attachment or other 
 process agaijist the said iidiabitants, for the said wages, at llic suit of the said Ar-
 
 XVI 
 
 A. hall's case, &c. 
 
 21 St March, 
 1586-7. 
 
 Report of the 
 committee on 
 the case. 
 
 Hall remits liis 
 suit for wages. 
 
 thur Hall : And the said committees also to signify their proceedings therein to 
 this house at the next sitting thereof accordingly. 
 
 " jin Order delivered ly Mr. Cromwell, entered hy consent of the House, 
 
 Whereas upon complaint made to this house (upon Monday the 21st day of 
 November in the first meeting of this present parliament) on the behalf of the 
 borough of Grantham in the county of Lincoln, against Arthur Hall, Gentleman, 
 that the said Arthur Hall had commenced suits against them for wages by him 
 demanded of the said borough, as one of the burgesses of the parliament in the 
 sessions of parliament holden the thirteenth, fourteenth, eighteenth, and twenty- 
 third years of the reign of our sovereign Lady the Queen's Majesty, wherein it was 
 alledged that the said borough ought not to be charged as well in respect of the 
 negligent attendance of the said Mr. Hall at the said sessions of parliament and 
 some other offences by him committed at some of the said sessions, as also in re- 
 spect that he had made promise not to require any such wages; the examination 
 of the said cause on the second day of December, in the last session (mistaken 
 for meeting) of this parliament by order of this house was committed unto Sir 
 Kalph Sadler, Knt. chancellor of the dutchy, Sir Walter Mildmay, Knt. chan- 
 cellor of the exchequer, Thomas Cromwell, Robert Markham, and Robert 
 Wroth, Esquires ; This day report was made by the said committees that not 
 having time during the last session of parliament (mistaken for meeting) to ex- 
 amine the circumstances of the cause, they had in the mean season by their letters 
 advertised my Lord Chancellor, that the said cause was committed unto them, 
 and humbly requested his Lordship to stay the issuing forth of any further process 
 against the said borough until this session of parliament (mistaken for meeting), 
 which accordingly his Lordship had very honourably performed. And the said 
 committees did further declare, that having, during this session of parliament 
 (mistaken for meeting) sent for Mr. Hall, declared unto him the effect of the 
 complaint against him, they had desired him to remit the said wages which he 
 had demanded of the said borough, whom they found very conformable to con- 
 descend to such their request: and that the said Mr. Hall then affirmed unto 
 them, that if the said citizens of the said borough would have made suit unto 
 him, he would upon such their own suit then remitted the same, so was he very 
 willing to do any thing which might be grateful to this house, and did freely and 
 frankly remit the same ; which being well liked of by this house, it was by them 
 this day ordered that the same be entered accordingly."
 
 A letter sent by F,A. 
 
 touching" the proceedings 
 
 in a private quarell and vnkindnesse, 
 between Arthur Hall^ and Mel- 
 
 cliisedech Mallerie, Gentlemen, to his 
 very friend L. B. being in Italy. 
 
 With an admonition by tlie Father of" 
 F. A. to him, being a Burgesse of 
 the Parliament, for his bet- 
 tor behaviour therein.
 
 To the right worshipful 
 
 Sir Henrie Knevet Knight, 
 
 the Printer wishes, worship, health 
 and long life. 
 
 AFTER by an cxtraordinaryc meanes 
 (good Knight) this letter with the 
 appurtenances in written hand, came 
 to be niette wilhall by niee, I was 
 of divers niindes, one way not to bestowe the 
 cost on such a trifle, an otherway not to con- 
 sent to tlie smothering of well disposed (as I 
 take it) persons, thirdly not to thrust out what 
 I found presup{)osed, w^ith partiall minde to 
 harme innocents (as I conceive it) and having 
 preferred will (be it so) before reason, 1 yeekle to 
 you my labour and the setting my letters logelher, 
 j)raying with all, that my good will may be accepted 
 by you, who (I can well gather) a partie in this 
 tragetlie, countes liimselle nuich beholding to: and
 
 tho* I might direct perhap my travel to men as it 
 seemeth of verie good availe, and friendes to 
 maister Hal in this case, yet (good Sir Henrie) 
 you shall have it, refuse it not, take in good part 
 part and glorie that your well doings deserves and 
 hath thanks, not for benefit growen of your good 
 motions, but for the rote of vertue joyned with 
 gentlemanlie minde, whiche not in this only but 
 in manie other actions layes open to the worlde, 
 and therfore needles for me to repeate : I leave as 
 I beganne, wishing you all prosperity.
 
 KNOW you have ere this expected my or- 
 dinarie letters, whiche are to you into Italie 
 from me out of England the remembrers, 
 and I hope preservers of our olde acquaint- 
 ance, I measure you by my selfe, for I am 
 most glad to reade his friendly lines, whose 
 presence, if I might, I woulde more willinglie 
 imbrace. You may not misdeeme for that I wrote not to you 
 this last moneth : so it is that since my last being with you in 
 Italie and els where, at whiche tyme, I desired to make my selfe 
 acquainted with the state of foraync countries, 1 have sought 
 as well to leame what the horse meanes, as the carte : that is, in 
 my returne, I supposed I knewe all, bycause I had scene more 
 than my neighbours, but finding myne owne wcaknesse, being 
 questioned withall of mere Englande, wherein for wante of expe- 
 rience, I coulde not answere, I found I had begon at the wrong 
 ende. I ranne to gaze upon Fraunce and knew not Kent: I vowed 
 Spayne, and never was in Devonshj/re : exactly (as I thought) 1 
 judged of /^fl//V, and never traveyled Wales: 1 came home by 
 large Germanie, wherein I su[)posed I had a pretie sight, and yet 
 not able to wade with you how the ]>oorc kingdome of Man is 
 sited. And as I was ignorant of tiie soate of this laude, so was 1 
 further to seeke in the auncient rytes and usuall goverimuMit 
 thereof. Which considered, and finding my self a nicnibcr of 
 that body, I sought to mcnde my wante, and to bcgiiine to lake 
 a better course, rather late than never: wherefore 1 have since 
 ray arrivall here, endevoured my selfe to understand mine owne 
 countrie : and my Father your well wisher, as you knt)W, advised 
 me at my home connning, to be content rather to learne than
 
 2 gUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 teache, to be more willing to heare than speake, and that (quoth 
 hey you shall well findc, that young men stande better for the 
 most parte in their owne conceytes than there is cause. I am a 
 member of the grave, great, and considerate Councell of the Par- 
 liament, the whiche my roome, I will labour you shall have this 
 next Sessions (if God so please) wherein what you shall finde, 
 declare at your home comming. For wrastelers (quoth he) thinke 
 themselves strong men, till they meete with theyr betters : good 
 wits specially standing in their owne lightes, for affection sake, 
 can abide no disputacion. Take the best and leave the worst, 
 and you shall reape in fewe lines the travels of my olde yeares. 
 Reade me this shorte advice, whiche here I give you, and with 
 that retched me a small Booke of his owne hand writing, the 
 copie whereof, I sende you herewith. All this some will thinke 
 needelesse, as things not according to our usual advises. I 
 so confesse, but bycause I mean to leave the occurrents dayly 
 looked for, as newes, and to write to you of a case happened of 
 late here, whiche tho it be of no great importance, beyng the ac- 
 tion of meane and pryvate persons, yet twoo causes moves mee 
 thereto, whiche are these : The first for that men willingly heare 
 matters of those, with whome familiaritie and acquayntance hath 
 bene : Nexte, bycause I have hearde it often spoken, that it is 
 evil I to belye the Devill, and that I see and heare suche untrueths 
 spredde abroade, and also 1 muste needes say, of some, who know 
 their woordes are wrongfully wrested, to the great prejudice of 
 the credite of Master Arthur Hall, (whose companie at Padoa, 
 the yeere 1568, you once were gladde of, and thought it a con- 
 tented meeting, whiche happened in that towne betweene you 
 two, I in companie, at Antenors tombe, where firste you had sight 
 one of an other) is the seconde occasion, that I write of this mat- 
 ter, at this presentc unto you. First assure your selfe, that what 
 I deliver unto you, is most directly tolde, without leanyng eyther 
 to the one side or to the other, for I have taken great observation 
 in my collections, tho some pcrhappe will thinke, the matter de- 
 serves no suche travayle. To describe the man unto you, 1 thinke 
 I iiccde not, your knowledge of him in Italie, can sufficiently 
 judge what he was : then you may remembre, God hath done his
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERlE. 3 
 
 parte on him, (as wee say in English) his capacitie, his sensible 
 tongue at will to utter his mynde, no wante of audacitie, of suf- 
 ficient courage, well disposed to liberalitie, lovyng and sure to his 
 friende, secrete where he is trusted, and I have founde h^'m to 
 have greate care of his worde, not wholly unlearned, with a 
 smacke of the knowledge of diverse tongues : the inclination of 
 the good partes whiche do budde in hym, I may not omitte, and 
 so lykewise not forget the taches of his mother Eve, which 1 find 
 in him, whiche are these : Overweenyng of himselfe, whiche 
 brings many infirmities to the persone whiche is infected with 
 that canker, furious when he is contraried, without pacience to 
 take tyme to judge or doubte the daunger of the sequele, as your 
 selfe is witnesse of his dealings at Rome, at Florence, in the way 
 betweene that and Bol/onia, and at liollonia it selfe, the yeere 
 above named; so implacable if he conceyve an injurie, as Si///a 
 will rather be pleased with Marius, than he with his equals, in a 
 maner for offences growne of tryfles. But herein I have tolde 
 hym my opinion, whiche is, that sithe he will leane so muche to 
 his owne inclination, that God will sende a shrcvvde Cowe shorte 
 homes, whiche hetherto he hath done to hym. Also spending 
 more tyme in sportes, and following the same, than is any way 
 commendable, and the lesse, bycause, I warrant you, Non friget 
 Indus, for it is, sine lucro : the summcs be great are dcalte for. 
 Thus much for the firste persone of this Tragcdic. Now as 
 touching the other, whiche was Master Me/c/iisedech Mallerie, 
 I neede spende no great time aboute him, and that for two causes, 
 one, for that you knew him in Flanders of late time, as I could 
 put you in rcmcmbraunce hy good tokens if [ vvouldc : The other, 
 for as much as God liath taken him, and therefore, as De ahsen- 
 tibus ni/ nisi honurn, so, l)t mortiiis nil nisi optimum, he was (as 
 vou know) of a good spryte, ready tongue, iti audacitie forwardc, 
 what else he was disposed to is needelesse, for the causes before 
 rccnted, as I have partly sayd before. Some wise men ill mer- 
 vayle, if this come to their handes, that 1 sjxMule my lime, to 
 wryte to you so long a treatise (^f so small a matter, as of the un- 
 kindncsse or quarell of two so meaiie (Jetitlenien, and therefore 
 thinke 1 have little to do, or lesse witte. 1 have mervayled oft
 
 4 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 what the wryters meant, to put to our readings the Rounde table 
 knights, Bevis of Hampton^ the Knight of the Swanne, the foure 
 sonnes of uimon, Amadis, Orlando furioso, Esplandion il Cavalleire 
 del sole, Valentine and Orson the Greekes, Olgarden the Dane, 
 and a thousand more such tryfling Fables, yet do I see many men 
 of judgement read them, some for the tongue, and some for the 
 matter, reape benefite of both : hkewise I may not so wholly con- 
 demne this my travell, wherein onely truth is reported, and {Durus 
 est sermo, some will thinke) assuredly no falsifying of any matter 
 of substance, neither is my conscience in minimis, but as casually 
 men may fault : but that a man may profite himselfe in one of 
 the two partes, that is, for the matter, whiche if he well consider, 
 he shall finde more then perhap is looked for in so simple a Title : 
 there is not so evill a floure but the Bee may gather honey of it. 
 Who so desires to be delighted with Eloquence, let him spend 
 his time in other store houses, for here he shall but loose his 
 labour. If you will keepe to your selfe this Letter, or rather 
 missive Pamphlet, I shall be assured to avoyde the diverse verdites 
 of manyfolde judgements, and I am well pleased that you deeme 
 thereof as best shall like you. See the fruyte of play. 
 
 In the yere 1573, there was one Robert Phillipson, who, in 
 Lothbery in London kepte a table of twelve pence a meal for 
 gentlemen, where, the l6th of December the same yere, M..Hall, 
 M. Mallerie, M. Edward Cordall, M. Waterhouse, myself, and 
 diverse honest marchants of the towne supped, supper ended, the 
 dice was throwen on the borde, who must pleasure the good man 
 of the house by paying the boxe, and displease the whole com- 
 panie, by occasions, day lye falling out, as cousyn Germaines joined 
 in consanguinitye to so good an exercise : the sporte lasted not the 
 throwing oute of every bodyes hande aboute the board, (and yet 
 all the companye dyd not playe) but M. Mallerie gave the lye with 
 harde wordes in heate to one of the players, who either for quiet- 
 nesse sake, or for other cause, made small reply e; whereuppon 
 M. Mallerie followed as he began : I canne yeeld you no reason, 
 neither yet if I could would I, for I am reporter now of the truth 
 in all partes, and not a declarer of my opinion as a judge. M. 
 Hall bccjucd to take the matter in hand, a thanklesse office (for
 
 quahrell between m. hall and m. mallerie. 5 
 
 speaking before hee was feed) and sayde, I marvaile, M. Mallerie^ 
 that where there is suche company, which seeine honest, you will 
 to the prejudice of their small reputations use such unseemly 
 words. Mallerie made challenge that he would say so, who so 
 ever durst be his contrary. VVherupon Hall tickled, sware (as 
 he will not sticke to lende you an othe or two) that for hys gallant 
 challenge, it were a good deede, (being no greater a man, for he 
 was but little as you know) to throw him oute at the window. 
 Here Etna smoked, daggers were a drawing ; one rose from his 
 place, the other walked up and downe, they wouldc have gone 
 together, but as God would they went not ; the goodman lamented 
 the case, for the slaunder, that a quarell should be in his house ; 
 the rest of the company wished quietnesse ; and, for my parte, I 
 found the parties themselves reasonably well disposed to friend- 
 shippe. The matter was ended for this fittc, with commemoration, 
 how well one loved an other : as many times of evil beginnings 
 comes worse ends : so now againe on the other side, honest and 
 friendly dealings well ment settes the towe on fire, for in Februarye 
 following. Master Rich, Drake, a gentleman well bearing him- 
 selfe alvvayes, then attending upon my L. of Leicester, but now 
 the Queenes Majestyes servaunte in ordinaryc, advised M. Hall 
 as his friende, to take heede to himselfe in playe, forasmuch as 
 he had some waies uiulerstoodc of indirect dealings touching the 
 same : and specially for the giving signes of hys game at Mawc, 
 a play at cardes growne out of the country, from the meanest, into 
 credite at the courte with the greatest. Hall, toke his friendship 
 in good parte, as he had good cause, and craved withal to shcwe 
 whom he mistrusted, who, as one not making talcs on his fingers 
 endcs, named Melchisedeck Mallerie, as a man to be doubted of. 
 in truth, quoth Hall, yesternight he trode on my foote, 1 being at 
 Mawe at Mistresse Arundels, the old and honorable ordinary table, 
 as I may tenne it of England ; but wliat he ment tiuTcby I know 
 not, I tliinkc no evil. 
 
 The eight of March after, there was at su|)|)(m- at one .lolin 
 CrokeSjWho kept an ordinarv table in \\ bile crossi- streate ot twi'lve 
 [)ence a nieale, Maister \\ illiani Daunsey, Maister Drake beton; 
 named, Maister Nicholas Gorge, .>Jaister Frauncis VVoodliouse,
 
 6 QUARRELL BETWEEN M. HALL AND M. IVtALLERlE. 
 
 M . Hall, M. Mallerie, and one or two marchauntes : some of them 
 had bin at one sporte, some at an other, as I hearde themselves 
 report, and some shewed openly what cunning might be used at 
 play ; in the talking whereof I met them coming out of the dore 
 about ten of the clocke at night. Hall being passed not above 
 twenty yardes before the rest in the streate homewardes to his 
 lodging, discoursing one with another of the premisses. Master 
 Drake detesting such ungentlemanly shifts, began to condemne 
 such practises, and withal recited what reports went of some (not 
 naming any) who kept company with the usual best gentlemen 
 in the town, condemning their degenerate kind (professing them- 
 selves of the breede) in yeelding to so base, so abject, and shame- 
 lesse an occupation, as to take the worst parte of all parts of the 
 play in hand, which was, to give by secrete signes notice of his 
 cardes and playe, whose good meaning would have truste a horse- 
 keper with a greater matter. At these wordes, or such like, M. 
 Mallerie replyed, and sayd, that it were good he were known that 
 used such lewde practises : why, quoth Master Drake, you are 
 suspected to be one of the number. With bye words he denied 
 it, desiring where, how, and of whom, he had bin so touched. 
 In generahtie, Maister Drake told him the opinion of many, his 
 own judgment, and withal, hi7ic illce lachrimce, Maister Halls 
 speeches to him here before recited ; yet that he had small cause 
 to deeme evil of him, forasmuch as he had delivered them in so 
 good sort as he did. Two days after, being the tenth of March, 
 Mallerie came to Hall in Poules, and within my hearing charged 
 him very hotely, that he had reported him too be a cousiner of 
 folkes at Mawe. Halls answeere was this (Maister George Freuel 
 a gentleman of my Lord of Sussex being by), M. Mallerie I 
 never sayde so, beleve mee, for I desire not to have to do in your 
 causes, in any respect. I went to Toycs shoppe, a stationer at the 
 sign of the Helmet, supposing this matter had bin ended, where 
 I sawe togyther Hall, Malloye, Freuel, and as it were with them, 
 Maister Robert Audeley, a gentleman and fellow to maister Fre- 
 uel, perceiving them to cluster togither like John Grayes birde, 
 ut dicitur, who always loved company. I inclined to understande 
 some more of the matter. Mallerie vouched that Drake woiilde
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN M. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 7 
 
 verifie, that Hall had saide as much as hee had charged him with in 
 Poules, wherewith M. Hall tolde him that he was assured so much 
 of Master Drakes honesty, as he would never do it ; also that he 
 desired Mallerie to choose some body else out, to shewhimsclfe on, 
 rather than on him, for that he desired quictnesse, and of all inen 
 would have no question with him, as one from whom he could 
 purchase no reputation. The same afternoone it was my chance 
 to be at John Crokes, where there is a bowling alley of the half 
 bowle, whether doth repaire many Merchants and sundry gentle- 
 men, and in a Chamber above divers were at play: there was stand-- 
 ing by M. Hall, MaisterDrake, Maister RichardeRich, M. Mallerie, 
 and four or five Londoners. Mallerie called Hall aside, tolde that 
 now Maister Drake was there, who would to his face atfirme what 
 he had given out to him of his wordc in Poules. They two wente 
 to him : he tolde Mallerie he had done him and M. Hall wrong, 
 for he never reported Halls speeches in such sort, neither could 
 justly do ; but that M. Hall did not only give judgment of him in 
 evil part, but rather semcd to excuse, or at the least leave in 
 suspence the evil conceived opinion of him. M. Hall was patient, 
 though M. Mallerie were hoatc, and wente his wayes, not seeming 
 to heare harde wordcs which Mallerie sent after him. So tem- 
 perate an end was much marvelled at of manye, and M. Halt 
 being dcmaunded what he meant by so much sulfraunce, answer- 
 ed, he was forced to be quiet; for, as I undcrstode after, he was 
 then bound to the peace in no small summes for troubles in his 
 owne shire, wherewith I have nothing to doe, it touches not thys 
 matter. 
 
 Tyl the last of June, 1574, following, nothing happened that 
 I can learne, worth the registering, betwoene the parties, hut evil 
 wordes in corners one of another, small to the re[)Utation of him 
 whom thcv were reported of, and less to him who was the r('|)or(er. 
 Tlie same day at one Wormes who kept a table ht'si'lr J'Iccte 
 })ri(lgi', in the late house of" eointely and enrtcotis (iilhcrt \\ alkcr, 
 at (hnncr time, being there present iiiv loid Croinewel, M.'lhonias 
 Fanner, Master JMiiehanie, Master iJoothei, M.Si(hian), Master 
 Tiionias Fisher, and others, M. Mallerie verve waiinely beganne 
 to [)lay with M. Jlall (if siieh rough pastime may be counted
 
 8' QtJARRELL BETWEEN M. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 play) reporting him to be a knave, a foole, and a boy, and IVIaister 
 Farmer (like himselfe) hearing these wordes, sayde, hee mervayled 
 that Hall should be such a man, hardly beleeving the same, by- 
 cause hee knewe him as well as any other present. Mallerie fol- 
 lowed againe and prayed him to deliver to Hall hys wordes, for 
 (quoth he) a knave he is in denying his wordes he uttered of mee 
 to Drake ; a foole, for that the last Parliamente he used in the 
 house such speeches, as he craved pardon, with protestation, 
 abandoning them, and confessing his folly : a boy, for that he 
 durst not goe into the fielde with mee. Maister Finchame, much 
 misliking such extraordinary table talke, and that of one absent, 
 tho Maister Farmer were appointed to do Malleries message, yet 
 did hee determine to give M. Hall knowledge of the same, and 
 comming into Poules, met wyth hym walking there, to whom he 
 declared the fore recited speeches of Mallerie, wherewith Hall 
 fetching as it were a great grone, sayd, Maister Finchame I am 
 greatly beholding unto you, for this your curtesie, and wherein 
 I am able you shall finde me ready to pleasure you. But what an 
 unhappy man am 1, to have any question with such a one as he 
 is, whose companye I have alwaies (as I might) avoyded, what 
 injury is this to be thus spoken of, in open place, where I am not 
 to answere? but be you, wyth indifferent cares judge, what un- 
 kinde dealing this is. As for the first part, wherein he charges 
 mee to be a knave, for reporting him untruly to maister Drake, 
 and then denying the same : I have witnesse enough how Drake 
 himselfe did in all pointes discharge me to his face, of all sinister 
 dealings therein. For that I am a foole, for matters paste in 
 Parliament, I meane no disputations, you have hearde enough 
 thereof. But howe fondlye so ever I did behave my selfe there, 
 I suppose it not a lit communication for an ordinary table. 
 A boy forsooth I am, for so it plcaseth M. Mallerie to terme 
 mc, for not accepting his offer, to dealc in quarell wyth hym. 
 Assuredly on my fidelity hoc never himself or by other moved 
 any such thing to me, if he had I would have kept my selfe from 
 the same : I trust j'ou take it not for feare : but if" any gcntlemanne 
 of accompte will acccpte the quarell, 1 will so deale as belongs to 
 mee, or else confesse M. Mallerie hath well reported: so ending
 
 ^UARRELL BETWEEN M. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 9 
 
 with thankes to Maister Fincharae, they departed. M. Halls 
 stomacke beganne to boyle, as some cause he had, and more if all 
 had beene true, and presently he wente to Maister Farmers lodg- 
 ing, whiche was harde by Worms, desirous to enquire more ex- 
 actly of the matter, tho Maister Finchams honestie and credite is 
 suche, as no doubt were to be made of his report in a farre greater 
 cause. Not finding Master Farmer, he went into Wormes, de- 
 sirous either to meete with him or M. Mallerie, the one for small 
 good will, the other for friendship. In the dyning roome he founde 
 maister Edwarde Gryvell, and maister Butcher, and saluting them, 
 he demaunded for Farmer, thoughe hys errand were as muche to 
 Mallerie : they made answere he had bin there, but now was 
 gone : wherewith maister Hall spying throwe the glasse window, 
 my Lord Souche, talking with another, and supposing it hadde 
 bene M. Mallerie, in some hast went into the cockpitte yarde too 
 him, and seeing my Lordc [)utting otf his cappc, lefte him, and 
 still restlesse in his minde, he retournes to Poules, where hce meetes 
 Maister Farmer, of whom he receives as much as Maister Fincliam 
 delivered, and so much more, as it is .straunge that any man should 
 have the disposition to utter: .At Maister Frauncis \\ oodehouse, 
 lying in Charter house Cinirchcyarde, at a lodging of my Lorde 
 Pagcttes, there mette that nyght at supper maister George Che- 
 worth, maister Farmer, maister Fincham, and maister llobertc 
 13alc, where Malleries wordcs were againe recited. Supper ended, 
 Hall went fortlie in some soddaine, being required carnestlye lo 
 tarye, but bee promising partly to retourne, departed, and finding 
 three of his men at the dore, (as in very dcede he hathe kepte more 
 than his abilitie, as it is thoughte is able) thoughe he hati more in 
 the Townc, who were slacker in attendaunce : with them (whose 
 luuucs were i'.dward Siuulley, John NichohH, ami Henry W ood- 
 ward) he went U) \\ oinies, and fouiul in tiie place, Miiister 
 liUteher, Maister Fi^he!, and others, ami at tables M. Mallerie 
 plaviiig wvth Maysler John S|)enser, sonne and heire to sir .)ohi 
 Spenser, and drawing his dagger, mente (as he saith) to have stroke 
 M. Mallerie there with on the face, thotiglie his baeke were tt>- 
 warde him, Mallerie havying a glaimee of hys iiaiuK', bowed 
 downe hy^ heaile crying oiite, wherewith M. Hall beeing readye
 
 10 QUARRELL BETWEEN M. HALL AND M. MALLERIK. 
 
 to have followed wyth an other blowe, he was helde, the house 
 growyng full, as with my Lorde Souche, many Gentlemen and 
 other, by the noise of the struggeling, and Malleries crye, in 
 whiche time so recovering hymselfe, drue his dagger, and mighte 
 as easilie have slayne M. Hall beeing in handes as hee hadde 
 pleased : but what was his staye God onelye knowes. M. Hall 
 seeing hiraselfe in this daunger, and his dagger also in that mo- 
 ment wrested out of his handes, wyth greate furie saide, will you 
 holde me, while I am murdered : with that his three men, not 
 knowing any part of the quarrel came in, of the which John 
 Nicholas, having his dagger drawen, stroke over his Maisters 
 head to have hit Mallerie : and hee stouping downe before M. 
 Hall, scaped the blowe, saving a small cut in the backe part of his 
 skull, with the pointe, the hike light on his Maisters pate, and with 
 the part of the blade next the same, cutte his forehead. M. Mai- 
 lerie would have runne out of the doore, but Woodward having 
 his sword drawen, and knew not whom to strike, made him doubt. 
 The bloud fell fast in M. Halls eyes, so that with the company, and 
 the wound he was quiet, yet wiping the same out as fast as he could, 
 he had a sight of M. Mallerie, and taking one of his mens daggers 
 from them, was pressing to Mallerie, who with a great shreke, 
 ranne with all speede out of the doores, up a paire of Stayres, and 
 there alofte used moste harde wordes againste M. Hall, as are be- 
 fore recited, moreover avouching he was a traytor, and indeede 
 left nothing out, which might ahnost be to the prejudice of any 
 honest mans good fame, and that in the hearing of Sir John Con- 
 way, Worme the good man of the house and others. ISIy lord 
 Souche used some bote speeche to M. Hall, as hee was a dressing, 
 for that he used such disquietnes in his lodging, but sir John Con- 
 way did very worshipfully satisfie my Lorde, so that no matter 
 grew thereof. Among the rcste I remember, that M. Hall smart- 
 ing in being drest, advised the surgion to use him well, saying he 
 was beholding to his homes, that the wound was not greate: there 
 was that remembered, the olde provcrbe, that it was not good jest- 
 ing with edge tooles. The next day being the lirstc of July, JNI. 
 Mallerie was at dinner at Wormes, and therefore his hurt was not 
 very great, where maister Fincham was &c. there he gave it out,
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN M. HALL AND M. MALLBRIE. 11 
 
 that he carr^'ed a revenging mind, and would be revenged on 
 Maister Jlall, if he could take him at any advantage. To veryfie 
 such meaning, Master Edward Randal of London sente M. Hall 
 worde, that M. Mallerie hadde affirmed, that he would shew him 
 an Italian tricke, intending therby to do him some secret and 
 unlocked for mischiefe. Til the sixth of this month M Hall lay 
 at Maister Frauncis Woodhouse his house, not being fit to go 
 abroadefor his hurto, but with a mufle in maner halfe over his 
 face, yet upon busines he had in the countrie of Lincolncshirc 
 where he dwels, he toke hys jorney thitherward the same dav, 
 hiring post horses, and taking with him one Roger Moore, servant 
 to master Woodhouse, who was very fit and in a maner acquainted 
 with the dressing of such hurts as M. Halls was. In his absence 
 M. Mallerie reported, that he was gone out of the towne disguised, 
 toke none of his owne men with him bycause he wolde not be 
 knowne, howe hymsclfe lay to nicete him by the waye (as indeede 
 he did) and mist the knowledge of him, and in diverse open places 
 offred ten pounde to any man could bring him into the fickle, that 
 hce might try the cause. 
 
 The '22d of July ISI. Hall came to London, where he hadde 
 knowledge of many of M. Ma/lciies defamations of him, yet the 
 time so served for it, it had pleased their noble good mindes, my 
 lords the I'.rle of Sussex, and Leicester, to acce})t in matching at 
 shooting i\L Hall, that he directed himself to attend on their honors 
 the time of the progresse, to perfourmc the matches set downe be- 
 tweene them, and therefore with as much specde as he could he 
 <lispatched his busincsse to the [)urp()se, which sooner he had done, 
 wyth fulfilling of his duty, if his forehead had bin full hoale. The 
 second of August he went to the Courtward, and at Sudley, the 
 house of the Lord Shaundoys late disccascd (now the old Lxidies 
 joynturc,) he found her niajestie, and so remained, til her highnesse 
 came to Winchester, where leaving the courte tiie 1-lth of Sep- 
 tember, lie came to his own home into the country. At Mychel- 
 masse terme folhjwing he came uj) to London, and so coiitiinied, 
 M. Mallerie and hv mativ times in sight one of another, and no 
 harn)e done : hut Jaluiii is iiievilahilc, ei>e 'Jroy perhaps had 
 sloode, so it might have bin ihi^ stage shewe had wvX made so 
 manv lautih.
 
 12 QUARRELL BETWEEN" M. HALt AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 Of all dayes in the yeare it was the 29th of November, M. 
 Hall dyned at James Lumelies in Bishops gate streate, the son as 
 it is sayde of old M. Dominicke, borne at Genoa, of the losse of 
 whose nose there goes divers tales, but tho he wanted a piece there, 
 he wanted nether honesty, nor sensible good judgement. And 
 comming by master Arundels (lying in his way to his lodging, for 
 the men who owe money in Chcapside like not alwaies to be 
 pluckte by the sieve, and therefore toke Sainte Martines the next 
 way from Bishops gate to Pater noster Row), he found at dice 
 master Anthony Rush, master Drake, master Jasper More, master 
 Benjamin Hanam, and master Rich. Greene, and fell to do as the 
 rest : having tryed the pastime a while together, master Drake left, 
 the rest continued, in which time came M. Mallerie uppe, and 
 pressed near M. Hall who was throwing the dice, who seing his 
 hautie gate and countenance, pluckt off his gowne from his right 
 arme, having a short gowne of velvet on, and threw his chaunce 
 out. Mallerie went thorow the rowme out of the upper dore, as 
 he had to do with some Gentleman in his chamber in the house, 
 wherewith Maister Drake came to Hall, and sayde, you stande in 
 doubte of him, he answered no, but least he strike when I am 
 otherwise occupied : quoth he, tende your play, mistrust not that, 
 I will mind him. He had no sooner spoken the worde, but Mal- 
 lerie returned. Hall styll throwing the dyce, and with his hande 
 on his dagger pressed forward. Master Drake, stoode betweene 
 them both, whiche Mallerie perceyving, or whether he woulde 
 not disquiet the companie, went to the ende of the borde, it being 
 square, and used the same behaviour, and then with the counte- 
 nance he entred the house, he departed. M. Hall as soone as he 
 had ended his throw, left play, and commyng into the hull, met 
 Smalley his man, to whom he saide, Jesus can you not knocke the 
 boyes head and the wall together, sith he runnes a bragging thus? 
 Smalley made answere he had not scene him : with this John Ni- 
 cholas who had hurte Hall his Master, as you have heard, began 
 somewhat to be sorry that he had not done as much as was spoken 
 of, and swore he should have it. Whereupon M. Hall charged 
 them in any case not to hurte him with any weapon, but if he 
 sought any matter, to cufFe him aboute the eares, saying, for the
 
 gUARRELt BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 13 
 
 rest I my selfe will take order. To Powels M. Hall comes, find- 
 ing in the Churche M. Roger Townesende, M. Thomas Farmer, 
 and Master Frauncis Woodhouse, with whom walking, he de- 
 clared M. Malleries behaviour, at Armidels, in the midst of whose 
 speech Mallerie entered the Church, and passing twice or thryse 
 by Hall, with great lookes and extraordinarie rubbing him on the 
 elbowes, with spurnyng three or foure times a Spaniel of M. Wood- 
 houses following his maister and maister Hall, John Nicholas 
 went out of the Churche at the weste dore, and so did a pretie 
 while after him into the Churchyarde, M. Townesende, and M. 
 Woodhouse, who both entred a booksellers shoppe, to looke on 
 Bookes. M. Mallerie with his man after him, went out at the 
 same dore. Nycholas spying Mallerie past him, hasted after, and 
 ere he came to the two stoupes as ye goe to Ludgate, stept before 
 him, wherwitli Mallerie drew his rapier, and bad his man take 
 him to his sworde and buckler, whiche both were done, Nycholas 
 his sworde not yet being out : a fewe blowes they dealt togither, 
 they two upon Halls man, who they put in such daunger, and 
 might have done more, if they had well set themselves to it, as M. 
 Townesende and Woodhouse were aboute to will some of their 
 men to goe to his reskew : but at the instant, Edward Smalley 
 drewe to his fellow, and strikyng at M. Mallerie, cut him downe 
 the cheeke, and so the play was marde. Also after Smalley came 
 one James Chamber, a scrvaunt of M. Halls, who likewise drew 
 his sworde, and his Maister charging him therewith, he did pro- 
 teste he did it to save M. Mallerie from more hurte, and to })art 
 the business. Smalley returnes into Poulcs, and laughing came 
 to his Master, telling how he had given hiiu a boyes marko, 
 wherewith M. Hall was greatly ofiended, bcshrewyng hym very 
 earnestly. John Nycholas was taken by the Constable, and M. 
 Hyggins the Scrivener being btjuiid for liini, he was delivered. 
 After supper xM. Hall came to Mistres Arundels, where Master 
 George Scot toke liiin aside, and (lenKuuided of him whether he 
 were pryvie to M. MnlU-ries hurte, he an-^weared of his fidelitie 
 and eredite no, l)ut was more sorry for it : yet witliall, that he had 
 owed him a worse tiirne, but ikH to have bene in that sorte : yet, 
 quoth he, what is done cannot be; undone, therl'ore now it must 
 
 D
 
 14 QV.ARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 be borne off witb the head and shoulders : And that if any Gen- 
 tleman will defend his cause, I will so answeare hym as shall be 
 accepted of, and tho my men have done that which with all my 
 hart I wishe undone, yet may I not refuse them, neither will : 
 withall he told M. Scotte much of M. Malleries dealings to him, 
 w;ith offer to prove them by men of worship and credite, so that 
 M. Scotte seemed satisfied, and very friendly advised M. Halt 
 to take heede to himself, whom he greatly thanked for his good 
 warning, tho he answered he mistrusted no harme. The first of 
 December M. Mallerie for his hurt, had the advise of M. Silva a 
 Piemontois, a practiser in Physicke and Surgerie, to whom he ut- 
 tered such thondering speeches against M. Hallf and such heavie 
 threates, that M. Silva mistrusted some great consequent would 
 follow, and being very often with the L. Katherine Dutchesse of 
 Suffolke, where diverse of M. Halls name and kindred be many 
 times conversant, and some attendant on hir, as a bountyfull wel 
 wisher to the whole family, declared to hir the danger he con- 
 ceyved was contrived against M. Hall: she very honorably gave 
 him notice thereof, yet in part did condemne the hurting of M. 
 Mallerie, for that some untruthes touching the same, had sounded 
 in hir eares. The third of December M. Hall late in the evenyng 
 being at M. Howes house a goldsmith in Cheapeside, and his men 
 attending at the dorc, Smalley was arrested at M. Malleries suyte 
 of an action of the case, the damages a thousand markes, for his 
 hurt: his Master desired j\I. Henry Gilbert, a Goldsmith next by, 
 and M. How to stande bounde for him, which most willingly they 
 did as persones to whome not onely at this time but at all other 
 occasions M. //a// had greatly bene beholding. During this pas- 
 time, M. Hall had great warning to have respect to himself, and 
 wheras he was oft to passe bctweene London and his house in the 
 Countric, the 4th of December M. Drake very friendly told him 
 he had heard speeches, which were, that he should hardly recover 
 his owne home when he should returne, for such as lay in the way 
 for him. The next day after M. William Hill, and one Waiter 
 servant to Worme, gave M. Hall to understand how M. Mallerie 
 had with great protestation vowed to slay him. Tho these partes 
 must needes be disquietnesse to the persona of whose death so
 
 gUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 15 
 
 many determinations were given out, yet surely I found M. Hall 
 made vertue of necessitie, what soever he thought, he shewed he 
 bare the matter hght. 
 
 The 18th of December the Courte being at Hampton, maister 
 Hall supt at maister Comptrollers, Sir James Croftes, then and 
 now holding the office, where was my L. Talbote, my L. Northe, 
 Sir Henry Sidney now Lord deputie of Irelande, M. Gilbert Tal- 
 bot, M. Henry Grey, and M. Thomas Cornwallis, with others, as 
 my selfe &c. After supper the Comptroller and the Lordes going 
 to the presence, M . Cornwallis in the court where the Conduyte 
 standes, called M. Hall, and desired to speake with him. I re- 
 member the time well, for I walked by, attending M. Hall with 
 whome I had then somewhat to do : M. Cornwallis tokle him how 
 Frauncis Mallerie a brother of M. Malleries, had bene at the 
 Court, and there with open mouth so exclaimed of the misusing 
 of his brother, as M. Cornwallis himselfe seemed to mislike M. 
 Hall for some wantes layed to him, as that lie durst not go into 
 the fielde with Mallerie his contrarie, how he set his men to hurt 
 him, and durst not do it him selfe, how shaniefully he was over- 
 matched and striken behinde : and this did not onely M. Corn- 
 wallis conceive against M. Hall, but many of the best stoode now 
 in suspence (by this meanes) of theyr judgement of him, of whom 
 heretofore they never made doubt. M. Hall opcnetli the matter 
 to iM. Cornwallis, and withall what he durst tlo, they were both as 
 it pleased him to beleeve them, but J thinke he departed better 
 satisfied. The next day after. Sir Jerome Bowes hearing all places 
 ring how M. Hall should die the death, gave him warning care- 
 fully to looke to himselfe. The '28th day M. John AV'otton gave 
 M. Hall notice tiiat I'raticis Mallerie and his brother had it in 
 talke, with secrete lire in his lodging to be revenged on hiui. The 
 2.'3d of the same monetii ]M. Hall went out of London, and safely 
 came to Grantham to hi.s house. The 'i'id ot Januaric he rt-turned 
 to London, and the 2^ilh of tin- same worde was brought him, that 
 ^{.Mallerie had caused Lldward Smalley, John Jsic-holas, and 
 James Chanihcrs, at JSew gate Session.-^ to he iiithted for (hawing 
 tlieyr swoordes in the C'hurchyarde on him, the law being that 
 therefore they should lose their eares. 'i'he '24th ol" the same
 
 \6 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M MALLERIE. 
 
 moneth M. Mallerie supte at the Popes head in Lomberd streat, 
 where were M. Cotton and other Gentlemen, and many marchantes 
 of the towne, as Thomas Wilforde, Richarde Smith, Henry Sher- 
 land and other : he began to fall to his old byas, with lyke wordes 
 as you have hearde heretofore, alledging he had heard Hall was 
 perjured, but he would not say he was a perjured knave, with 
 speeches as some seemed soundly to herken to, so M. Wilforde as 
 one not forgetting (tho now professing merchandise) that he came 
 from the bloud of gentrie, coulde not allow of such ungentlemanly 
 wrongs, and therefore very roughly replied against M. Mallerie, 
 a part more commendable than common, among men of his Cote, 
 who I have found oftener readier rashly to beleeve evill reportes 
 of a Gentleman, than deliberating indifferently to judge of the 
 truth. The 30th of the same moneth M. Hall was dryven to 
 trudge to stay the proceeding against his men, for theyr indite- 
 ment, for M. Mallerie followed it with hoate suyte: he repayred 
 to the court to my L. of Leicester, to whom he reported the daun- 
 ger his man stode at, and craved his letter to M. Fleetewood the 
 Recorder of London, that favour might be shewed therein, the 
 case being very harde, the whiche my Lorde most honorably and 
 Avillingly performed, and thereby the matter was a while stayed. 
 The 6th of February JNL Hall arrested M. Mallerie upon the 
 action of the Case, for his slaunderous reportes, and Mallerie 
 having aboute him a pocket dag charged, delivered the same 
 closely to one Warde a Sergeant. Smalley the ne^xt day hearing 
 hereof, came to his Master with the newes, who presently resorted 
 to the Counter in Woodstreate to the sayde Warde, and moste 
 earnestly and courteously desired to see the dagge, whiche at the 
 first he denied he had, but the standers by vouchyng the contrary 
 to him, dogge fashion he consented, but answered he would not 
 shew it. M. Hall, went to Anthonie Gamadge, an occupier of 
 linnen clothe, then Sheryfe of London, finding hym in his shoppe 
 in Cheapeside by the ende of Soper lane, to whomc he declared 
 that M. Mallerie carried dagges in his hose to murder him, as him- 
 selfe did report: how M. John Wottons man two dayes past sent 
 him worde that Mallerie had watched him in the night diverse 
 times to mischiefe him, how Warde the sergeant had the dagge
 
 gUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 17 
 
 yet charged delivered him yesterday bj' M. Mallerie. With much 
 ado Gamadge sent for Warde, (I Maister him not, bycause in 
 Norfolke I know his pedigree) who brought him the dagge : him 
 selfe found it charged. M. Hall desired some order might be 
 taken therein, I think in my conscience rather to have Mallerie 
 troubled, than for any feare he had of the matter, but all was one, 
 for he had a colde answere of o"ur London Sheryfe, yet suche a one 
 as he must be contented with. 
 
 The 21st of February M. Hall was at Guyldhall to see the end 
 of Malleries action agaynst Smalley, and with him M. Roger 
 Townesendc, M. Frauncis Woodhouse, and diverse others, till 
 which time M. Mallerie had deferd for the triall, because he would 
 have the Jurie fall in that parte of Cheapside, where his father did 
 before his death dwell, for so is the maner of the Juries in London, 
 that they serve by turnes, yet the number not being full, it was for 
 this time dashed. The nexte day againc they came thethcr: M. 
 Mallerie brought for his counsell Mr. Bromley the Q. Solyciter, 
 M.^^ ceks, and M. Fuller: and Smalley had for him, AL Daniel], 
 M. Maltas, and AL Kitchin : the issue was Quod traiisgressio per 
 Edzcardum Snialey facta fuit ex injuria propria, whiche he did 
 denie it read as the maner is to the Jurie appearing and called 
 good men and true, as M. Cryer sayde : M, Fuller firste began 
 to speake to the matter, and very earnestly charged !M. Hall with 
 malicious and implacable dealyng, with such a desire of his owne 
 will to be satisfied, as he cared not for the casting away of five 
 hundred poundes if he might purchase the same : liowe he came 
 to VV^ormes, how he hurte x^L Mallerie, how still lie followed the 
 revenge with an Italian mynde learned at Rome (altho JNl. Fuller 
 never came in Ilalie and less at Rome, neyther yet was ever ac- 
 quavnted with M. Hall, arul therefore as blinde men be to be borne 
 withal if they committe an errour, so AL iMiller speakyng for his 
 clyent is not wholly to be conileniiu(l),tho M. Hall was ncviT uaiucd 
 in the >^/.w />/7Mv, neyther touched in the rccordcs : M. Iiccorder 
 advis(d M. 1" idler to go to the nuitter and not to larie upon the 
 declaration of //^///.v disposition. AiUr I'ullcr followed M. Soli- 
 cyter, not with vaine speeches, arul as very learnedly, s(j no K-ssc 
 gravely and discretely : then were ckposcd (ox y\. Mallerie in his
 
 18 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 behalfe, his owne Servant, and one Thomas Hewes : his man al- 
 ledged that three of M. Halls men were upon him and his Master, 
 how Nicholas drew first. Hewes coulde say httle, but that he 
 sawe them togither and M. Mallerie hurt. Eglestone a Gold- 
 smith also being sworne, affirmed he sawe three men upon his 
 Cousin Malleries man (for so he called him) and his Cousins cheeke 
 hurte and lying on his shoulder. Of the contrarie parte were 
 sworne two honest and worshipful Gentlemen, who stood by and 
 advisedly marked the whole fraye, M. Roger Townsende, and M. 
 Frauncis Woodhouse afore named : theyr free hold which in the 
 common Law of England is in such cases much respected, is large, 
 and yet not so large, as their credites for theyr upright dealings, 
 whiche among all men is in othes to be most accompted of: they 
 avouched that as soone as John Nicholas M. Halls man had passed 
 M. Mallerie, that he drew his rapier and dagger, and bad his man 
 draw his sworde, before Nicholas had his weapon out, and that 
 they dealt certaine blowes togither before Smalley came in, and 
 that with such daunger to Nicholas, as they themselves loked he 
 should have bene mischieved. Further of Malleries hard usage 
 of Hall as is recited before, the Councell argued the matter to the 
 Jurie, who went togither, and M. Hall and the rest to dinner to 
 the Horse head in Cheapside, where there dyned M. Townesend, 
 M. Woodhouse, M. Frauncis Leake, M. Drake, John Crouke, and 
 my selfe: at the sitting downe to dinner M. How the goldsmith 
 came in, who had hearde the matter past in Guilde hall, saying he 
 was afrayed the Jurie would give great damages : wherewith M. 
 Hall demaunded with what conscience they could do it, if they 
 considered theyr evidence, the manner of the acte, and the con- 
 dition of the persons betweene whome the action depended : every 
 man spake his judgement, not being of M. Howes opinion. In 
 fine, they grew to particular summe, what would be awarded to 
 M. Mallerie, and M. Hall gave Howe a Portegue, he to retume 
 two for it if they condemned Smalley in lesse than sixty pounde, 
 if above he to have it. This tyme M. Mallerie rested in Guylde 
 hall, for two causes, one to see the sequele of his matter, the other 
 he durst not come forth, understanding that ls].Hall had layed 
 to arrest him agayne for the action of the case of more wordes ;
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 19 
 
 duryng whiche time Thier, the foreman of the Jurie came forth, 
 enquyring for M. Mallerie, who was not found, for he had hid 
 himself for fear of arrest : he then talked with Richard Mallerie 
 his brother, walking with him in the hall, which one Guy toke ex- 
 ceptions too, bycause the verdite was not given up : Thier goes in 
 againc to his fellowes, and presently they gave up theyr verdite, 
 which was, Smalley must pay a hundred poundes for damages, and 
 twelve-pence for costes. Guy brings this newes to M. Hall at the 
 horse head, and with him M. Edwards the goodman of the house : 
 whereat who rages now and takes the matter in dudgion but M. 
 Hall, who exclaimes now of his trustie and well spoken of friends 
 the Londoners, who now repents of the defences to his abilitie he 
 hath made for them in all places, where any thing was spoken to 
 theyr rebuke : who now condemned himself for standing so much 
 in his owne conceytc, to bclceve well of theyr good willes to him 
 and his: who now finds that the paying of xxv in the hundred in 
 usurie, and more than is reason gayne in a yarde of silke or stuffe, 
 did made hym have so many Caps, and fayre countenances but 
 he? and yet must I needes coniesse, that in all his choller and 
 heate he acknowledged himselfe as much bounde to some Mer- 
 chantcs within the walles of London, as any Gentleman ever was, 
 allowing many to be worshipfull, grave, and wise Cytizens. Well 
 what will you have more? the kyll is a fire: the nexte day M. 
 Hall gcttes him to his footecloth, and trottes to Graycs Inne: 
 there he desired M. Kitchin to shew M. Sergeant Lovelace who 
 was at the reading in the hall, that he was desirous to speake with 
 liim about the businesse in hand, who understanding betwcene 
 whome it was, refused to be of Counsell therein, for that M. Mal- 
 lerie had made him privie thereto before, and desired that he 
 w^ould be assistant to him : then to the Temple goes M. Hal/, and 
 confers with AL Anderson what now is best to do, bcyng not so 
 carefull to save the money his men shouUle pay, as desirous to 
 Crosse ^L Mallerie, and to make him reeken therein without his 
 host. M. Anderson did mervavie at the excessive dainaucs that 
 the Jurie fotinde, and advised that taynt to be used, wliielu' no 
 way liked M. Hull, alledging tiiat it was impossible to touche 
 them with perjurie, who shoulde be tried by theyr neighbourly
 
 20 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 peeres, and that he coulde not finde any president in the lyke, 
 whereby any hope was to be had : agreed it was, a writte of errour 
 should be brought. 
 
 The 25th day M. Anderson came to Guildhall, there sitting 
 Sir James Hawes then Mayor, Sir Lionell Ducket, Sir Rowland 
 Hayward, and the Recorder, he alledged diverse poyntes wherein 
 errour was committed, also the talking of the foreman Thier, 
 with Richard Mallerie, wereupon judgement was stayed. The 
 nexte day after, the Mayor, diverse of the Aldermen, and the 
 Recorder sitting, M. Daniel! and M. Kitchin moved the Court 
 for stay of judgement, and so was it graunted till the firste day of 
 the Tcrme following, with craving heede to be taken for amend- 
 ment of the Recorde, whiche by M. Recorder, and M. Seabright 
 the towne Gierke, was willingly and perfectly graunted. The 
 firste of Marche M. Mallerie went to the Court, and used very 
 harde reportes to my Lord Chamberlayne (then the Earle of Sus- 
 sex, and now also,) of M. Hall, whose sounde and honorable judge- 
 ment is not caryed away sodenly to deeme evill of any Gentleman 
 with the affectioned minde of an adversarie. The nexte day after 
 M. Mallerie went but to the hyest, opening his griefe to hyr Ma- 
 jestic howe lewdely he was hurte, how violently layed to, how 
 unable to revenge the injurie offered him, how empoverished in 
 purse, and damnified in person, moste humbly desiring hyr high- 
 ness of Justice, and not to graunt hyr pardon to M. Halls men, 
 who stoode indited as you have hearde : hyr Majesties answeare 
 was, that he should have Justice, and that she never was hasty in 
 pardoning, neyther neede he feare the same. This tale must he 
 needes deliver also to my Lord Treasorer (my Lord Burley), to 
 the whiche giving good eare, as his manner is to all suyters be 
 they never so meane (no usuall thing to men in his place), he tolde 
 M. Mallerie he was sorry if all were true he tolde him : and I 
 surely thinke he wouldc so have bene, for how tenderly he hath 
 alwayes loved M. ?Iall in his youth being brought up in his house 
 at Schole, how carefully he hath favored hym beyng his servaunt, 
 and what bountie he hath used towarde hym, since he preferred 
 him to hyr Majesties service, all the worlde knowes. 
 . The 9th of Mav M. Mallerie arrested M. Hall in Westminster
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN A.HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 21 
 
 with a byll of Middlesexe for hurting hym at Wormes. The 
 18th of May 1575, at the Sessions at Newgate was M. Mallerie 
 and his man indited upon the Statute, for drawing weapon in the 
 Churchyarde. The 10th of June M. Sergiant Harper, and M. 
 Sergiant Manhood, Justices of the common pleas, came downe 
 into Guyldhall in London, where the recordes were reddc, and 
 found by Smalleys counsell to be amended. The 13th of the 
 same moneth M. Hall went to M. Seabright the tovvne Gierke, 
 and founde him selfe grieved for the mending of the Recorde, 
 who made answeare that the Mayor with charging wordes, com- 
 maunded him to do that which he did, whiche was, that whereas 
 there was no mention in the Recorde, that Smallcy did appeere 
 in the Mayors Court there, by himself or his atturney, that he 
 should put in his appearance, for that forsooth M. Hodgeson, 
 Smalleys Atturney, confessed he had receyved his fee therfore. 
 The 22d of June the Judges came agayne to Guyldhall, and sat 
 aboute the errours, appoynting the first Friday of the next Terme 
 for the further proceeding in the matter. The 8th of September 
 M. Mallerie died at the signe of the Antlop in Smithfielde, he 
 forgave M. Hall, yet with confession that if he had lived, he 
 would have bene revenged : he departed well Icanyng to the olde 
 Father of Rome, a dad whome 1 have heard some say M. Hall 
 doth not hate. In November following William Huyt the ser- 
 vant of M. Andrezc Mallerie, taking the administration of M. 
 Melchisedech Malleries goodes and cattels, by the advise of his 
 Master, altho' Francis Mallerie and an other of the brothers were 
 appovnted by the dead man, executors, sued the recognisance 
 which was knowledijed, for tlic following: of the writ of error with 
 effect. The 25tli of Januarie ^\. Harper and M. Manhood came 
 downe to Guildhal, and there according to the first verdite and 
 judgement given by the Recorder, wh(ru[>on the writte ol" error 
 was brought, thev proeeedctl with the like, so that Siuallcv must 
 pay 104 pound 2 sliiliings, the ovcrphis of which siiinmc, it being 
 above a 100 pounds and \'l p( iici- given l)V the Jurit- at the first, 
 wa^ for chartxes. Tlic juducs appox iitcd that a warrant shouhle 
 be made (jut, for th(; attaching of SiiialK v, it rctoiiiabli' 15 dayi's 
 aft( f, (hiring whiche time if he ccjulde not be mette with, Huyt 
 
 i:
 
 22 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 should have out execution against the suerties, who were as you 
 have heard M. Henry Gilbert, and M. Richard How, both very 
 sufficient men for an other maner of summe. During this time 
 wherein Smalley should be found, M. Andrew Mallerie witVi tooth 
 and nayle followed the execution of the judgement, for drawing 
 in the Churchyarde, meaning that if he coulde not prevayle 
 therein, yet at the least he hoped that the terrour thereof would 
 make Smalley absent himself, and so at the terme appointed for 
 the attachment of him, there shoulde be returned a non est in- 
 ventus, whiche was his desire, knowing very well that the suerties 
 would make ready payment of the condemnation : for thus much 
 you must take with you, altho' William Huyt servaunt to M. 
 Andrew Mallerie, were the administrator of M. Melchisedech Mal- 
 leries goodes and Chattels, yet was the matter wholly followed by 
 M. Mallerie. The reason why Huyt tooke this office on him was, 
 that the benefit of this money had, it should be payed over as 
 best pleased the deceased Malleries brothers : for that I thinke 
 his wealthe was not great nor hardly of sufficiencie to answere his 
 debtes. The 4th of February M. Hall brought to the Towne- 
 clerke a Cerciorare out of the Kings bench to remove the Indite- 
 ments of his men, wherby they were stayed till the next terme, 
 intending that if there were a pardon at the Parliament, they 
 would be dispensed with. M.Hall found M. Seabright very 
 willing to do what he might by law, and accordingly dealt therin, 
 not sending the Inditements up. The 7th day M. Hall sent 
 Smalley and Chambers to the Counters to put in a Caveat that he 
 was of the house, therefore that none of his men shoulde be ar- 
 rested, and also wrote by Smalley to M. Oneslcy Clerke of the 
 house, for a writte of priviledge for him, who returned answere 
 he coulde not do it, till he were arrested : M. Mallerie on the 
 other side for the Inditements, hastes the case so, that the former 
 lielpes may not serve, and for not performing the firste course 
 taken, a fine of forty pound was set upon M. Seabright, where- 
 fore a newe way muste be had, M. Hall hyes him to Grayes 
 Inne and to the Temple, where the 8th of the same moncth by 
 his counsell it was concluded to traverse the Inditements, and 
 presently to put in the same, wherin was used speede enough, and
 
 OUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 23 
 
 SO was this gappc stopt, and M . Ma/kries labour lost : during this 
 Smallev had bene at the Counter diverse times, and demaunded 
 wlu'iher tiiere were any processe out against him, none was tounde. 
 The verv same day the Parliament began, ot" the which M. Hall 
 was a Burgesse for the towne of Grantham, whereof we have 
 talked oft: the nexte day after, Smalley goes to Guildhall, and 
 takes with him Mathew Kyrtleton his Masters Scholemaister, and 
 then not seeming they were of knowledge one with an other, 
 Smalley walked up and downe in the hall, and Kyrtleton goes to 
 the ordinarie place where M. Mosley one of the Secondaries of 
 the Counter sat, and sayd, if you have any processe against Ed- 
 ward Smalley, yonder he is, attache him, for I am M. Malleries 
 friende : nothing was done in the cause, for in truthe, the warrant 
 was not yet out. The nexte day beyng the laste day of the re- 
 turnc, and that by two a clockc, Smalley sent to the Counter, to 
 heare of this warrant, all was whusht, at Westminster all the 
 Courtes rysing, it was delivered by the yonger Mollerie to M. 
 Mosley, who seying it retornable, in a manner within two houres 
 after (quicke speede pretended or not to finde they looked for ex- 
 pected) sayed how may 1 do any thing with so small a warning? 
 M. Mailer ie answered, returne non est inventus, quoth he, that can 
 I not do, for I see the partie every day before my face, well this 
 man must be sought, who would be found, and that for two causes, 
 one, some small hope he had, (tho' his learned counsell had tolde 
 him the contrary, as M. Colbye, and some Judges of the Lawe) 
 that the prvveledge of the Parliament woukle discharge him, if 
 they would unadvisedly attache him : the second, bcying greatly 
 desirous to shewc himsclfe honest towarde his sureties, knowing 
 that he should )iot long lye in pryson, if his Maister were ahle to 
 provide the money : aboutc- one a clocke he goes into the Counter 
 in \V Oodstrcat aiul deniaundcs agaiiu- after this warrant, where 
 one of M. Mo^levs men sascd, his Master would >pcakc with him, 
 he aiiswer(;<l he would anonc goc to liim, Motleys man conuning 
 out of the gate, called (iraee a si rue ant to hiui, and sayde, see 
 von voiuler veinan i^oiniz; in the i( (hie ho-e with hi-^ hilow in the 
 greene eloke r hee answered \(a : will him (([uotli hee) to go to 
 my master, for thither he inu>te; Smalley told the Sergeant hee
 
 24 QUARHELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 woiilde willingly goe, and so they three (the third being James 
 Chambers M. Halls man) went to M. Moslys house, where they 
 comming before him, he thus began to Smalley or in such like 
 wordes. What doest thou meane fellow, to rotte in pryson, and 
 to lose thine eares ? if my hap be such (quoth he) I may not do 
 withal, I would not have my suerties troubled : wilt thou then 
 (replyed Mosley) yeelde thyself prisoner, and discharge thy suer- 
 ties? Chambers hastely answeared no, that he should not: whereat 
 M. Mosley was offended, and therewith followed Smalley, and 
 sayde, he would not so do. M. Mosley perswaded him to sue to 
 Mallerie for agreement : he answeared, he had so done, and caused 
 it to be broken to the Judges, and that they did make no cnde : 
 Mosley then commanded the Sergeant to the arrest, bidding him 
 shew his mace, the Sergeant demaunded wherefore, ]\I. Mosley 
 gave him the warrant and read it, which done and Smalley arrest- 
 ed, Mosley tolde him he was now in a good case, to rotte in pry- 
 son and loose his eares : The Judges were this afternone to heare 
 what was done touching the laste proceedings, and therefore 
 Smalley as a prysoner was had to Guyldhall to attend the com- 
 ming of them. M. Hall came also thether, and tolde Mosley, 
 that he had done his man wrong to arrest him, he beying of the 
 Parliament, who seeming sory therefore, excused himself by igno- 
 rance, and that hee would not have so done for I can not tell howe 
 muche, if hee had had notyce thereof: M. Hall alledged that he 
 had sente to the Counter to declare the same, one of his owne 
 menne beyng in the office when it was done, and one Thomas 
 Ulmes an officer also. He perswaded talke to be had betweene 
 the Malleries and M. Hall, they beyng in the place, but greate 
 harte would not suffer the parties to meete, for l)etwcene curtesie 
 who shoulde beginne, prowde menne looked one on an other, till 
 the Judges came, who sette, the prysoner was brought in, M. 
 Mosley declarying the exceptions Hall tooke that his num was 
 arrested, and desired some cnde, b\cause he was lothe to have the 
 matter bnnight in question in the house, confessing that Smalley 
 lUd not willingly yeelde himsclfc : the administratour was de- 
 maunded for by M. Harper, who not appearing, Andrezo Mallerie 
 answered, he had his Atturney, and himselfe was he. M. Harper
 
 OLAltREI.I. BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 25 
 
 asked whether he woulde take execution or no, breathing a whyle 
 he sayde, if he shoulde refuse it he had no remedie, and therefore 
 he must accept it. M. Manhoode moved some ende betweene the 
 parties, alledging that the cause was motioned to them bothe before 
 this, for that purpose : M.Hall sayde that he reniayned the man he 
 was, and did condiscende thereto, so that they woulde very shortly 
 deale therein: M. Mallerie also agreed, provided that Hall shoulde 
 not proceede touching the liberties of the Parliament in the meane 
 tyme. The nexte day was appointed for the hearing, in Sergeants 
 Inne in Chancerie Lane, of all matters touching this question, and 
 were compromitted to M. Justice Harper, and M. JusticeManhood. 
 Smalley tooke up his lodging in the Counter in Woodstreat : ac- 
 cording to appoyntment, the parties mette in M. Sergeant Harpers 
 chamber, Andrerc Mallerie bringyng with him his brother Richard : 
 where M. Hall laving; for himselfe the excessive dama2;es the 
 Jurie gave, and the benefite of the Parliament whiche he meant 
 to trie, withall the meane estate of his man, the partie also being 
 dead, perswaded consideration to be had, and the inconsiderate 
 largesse of the liberall Jurie, to be mitigated by the just and 
 conscionable dome of so grave umpcers : iNI. Andrezc Mallerie 
 did aggravate the hurting of his brother, his often molestation by 
 arrests., his charges in the suyte, the great delayes therein, the 
 daunger Smalley and his fellowes stoode in for the Inditement, 
 the advantage was had for the breach of the recognisance, not 
 omitting the question might be made for the death of his brother, 
 who died within a yeare after his hurt : many speeches paste what 
 woulde be given and what accepted. jM. Hall canu> to a hundred 
 ])oun(les, for the ending of all coutrovcisics, tho' for the death of 
 Mallerie he made no reckcning, ucyther vcl tooke anv care tor the 
 Inditement. The Justices moved M, Hall to a lumdred and luentie 
 pounde, and woidde willingly have had iiini eonie to a hundred 
 and ten pounde, which he refu^ed, laying iherfiMe thai liie whole 
 condemnation wa-> but a hundred ^C foure pound and two 'hillings. 
 Thus timi" >pent and nothing done: the ("lianiher court hrake uj), 
 till the >.jlh. M y/^/// looked whether his oiler would he aceept< tl, 
 atul that morning brake the nuitler of arre-t lo M . Kolnrt iJell 
 the speaker, before he went in, who willed him to )no\( the house
 
 0,6 gUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 thereof, which at his comming in he did. It was agreed he shoulde 
 stay till the companie were full : shortly after M. Hall took this 
 matter in hande, declaring as much of Sraalleys arrest as you have 
 hearde : wherewith it was ordered, that Grant the sergeant, and 
 Huyt should come thy ther before them the nexte morow: Ac- 
 cording to the same, the Sergeant attended, but the other not : 
 M. Hall gave knowledge that the Sergeant was without, who 
 being called in, he confessed he had arrested Smalley by Mosleys 
 commaundement, declaring worde for worde the whole matter, at 
 the counter, and in Mosleys house, as ye have hearde. There 
 were appointed by the house, sir Nicholas Arnold, sir Owen 
 Ilopton, and Sergeant Lovelace, Committees to examine and 
 searche out the whole dealings of the cause. After dinner, the 
 two knightes came to Maister Lovelace his chamber in Chancerie 
 lane at Sergeants Inne, the place apointed for the conference, 
 wyth whome was also Maister Hall. The speaker sente to the 
 Committees, praying them to come to his chamber, whiche they 
 did in the Temple: there they founde hymselfe. Sir Wyll^yam 
 Winter, mayster Popham a Lawyer, and mayster Roberte Snagge: 
 maister Mosley confessed hee had caused Smalley to bee arrested, 
 and sayde nothing for himselfe, but that hee knevve not M. Hall 
 to be of the house : it was answered him, he ought to take notice 
 thereof hymselfe, it was proved there by Thomas Ulmes one of 
 the Counter, that James Chambers had before the arrest given 
 knowledge at the Counter of the same : Mosley forced muche 
 that Smalley yielded himself, yet was it proved that he demaund- 
 ing him the same question, hee aunswered he would not : bycause 
 there was some speechc of cautelous dealyng in the matter, and 
 that not wholy clearyng M. Hall to suche as are more curious to 
 spye a moate in an other mans eye, than a greate blocke in their 
 owne, and will not sticke to spende greate time to defame men 
 with untruthes, and no pece of an houre to consider their owne 
 wantes. M. Hall declared to the Committees howe hee hadde 
 sente to the Counter worde of his beeing a member of Parliament, 
 had caused Smalley to repaire with his letter to the Clerk of the 
 house, for a writte of privilcdge, howe after the arreste hee was 
 content to put the matter to compromise, and offered a hundred
 
 OUARRELI. BF.TWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIK. 27 
 
 poimdes, where the whole condempnation was but 104 pounde 
 two shillings, how six pound more had v.husht all, how after hee 
 staled from the 1 1th of the moneth, wherein no order was taken, 
 till the 15th of the same, aspecting some good ende, and giving 
 the Molhries tyme to breathe sufficient !} : The Speaker and 
 maister Lovelace verye desyrous the matter should be talked of 
 againe the next daye, and the rather bycausc the Ma/leries were 
 not nowe there, but shoulde have warning against that time, and 
 proofe should be made for agreement, tho unwillingly maister 
 Hall agreed thereto. Accordingly in the Speakers chamber, 
 (where met M. Hopton no more of the committees,) there were 
 M. Popham, M. Dalton, and M. Ploden, who was no parliament 
 man. Master Andrew Mollerie and his brother was moved to 
 agreement : The speaker offeryng him fiftyc pounde, but not 
 hearing on that syde, with determination to declare to the house 
 their doings the next morning, the company severed. In the 
 morning in the voyd place before the Parliament dore, M. Hop- 
 ton, M. Arnold, and JNI. Lovelace called jSL Mallerie to them, 
 who would have no lesse than a hundred pounds for the execu- 
 tion, and the other matters, to determine as law might: Hall 
 would none of that, for the committees laboring in vaine, deferre 
 the cause to the Judgement of the house, yet such billes were in 
 lumd, as there was no convenient time to make the report. The 
 '20th day M. Lovelace declared directly to the house their whole 
 doing touching the arrest, wherupon M. Hall folowed, craving- 
 consideration of the cause, alledging that if the Queenes ordinarie 
 servants, souldiors in garrison, men with protections granted IVom 
 the i'rince, hud greate freedomc^ from arrestes, whiclie no man 
 couUU,' (Icnvc, howc niuche more shoulde the minihers of that 
 house have priviledger And whereas it was urged of some, that 
 it was against lawe to deliver a man of an execution, and there- 
 fore the partie therein eoulde not he delivered, hut that the phivn- 
 tiie shoulde' h(' ])uiiished hy imprisonment, lldll deelared that 
 that was ncj sufheient mendes, s;iying, that one uiiuht nuike a 
 letter oi alturney to an ahjeet in resjx'ct ot the arresting ol ill vers 
 knights and burgesses of the house upon statutes, which are exe- 
 cutions ol theniseKfs^ to whieh thev must ohev, leave their eouu-
 
 28 OUARRELL BETWEEN A.HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 trey unserved, and the worker thereof to bee imprisoned : a small 
 penance for so greate a fault, no recoverie to the partie wronged 
 by the offence, nor sufficient punishment to the carelesse preferrer 
 of his own private profite before the whole and universall benefit 
 of the Commonwealth. Maister Comptroller, sir James Crofte 
 repugned Halls speeche. M. Recorder in verie auncient presi- 
 dents, wherein he is well seen, having read much, stoode fast for 
 the liberties of the house, maister Frauncis Alford, master Sent- 
 poole, master Benbrig, Maister Nidigate soundly followed on. 
 (What moved him I know not, onless some report brought him, 
 M. Hall should use of a neere mere frende of his, whiche as I 
 have heard Hall protest most assuredly, he never thoughte of, 
 so are they better overslipped than put in writing :) M. Speaker 
 desired leave to shevve his opinion, which graunted, he advised 
 the house to have regard to their doing, and not to proceede to 
 the discharging of an execution against law, which if they should 
 doe, the Judges would rule them over, which he shuld be loth to 
 see. M. Bricket replyed to him, saying, that they were not to be 
 ruled over by any in those cases, but others to be directed by 
 them. The Speaker would have had the matter deferred, which 
 would not be, then he moved, whether M. Hall should depart the 
 house, bicause he seemed to be a partie, the most were of opinion 
 yea, and so he went forth. The question was put whether Smalley 
 should be delivered of his execution or no, the yea was the greater, 
 j'et must the house be devided, and so was it found. In the after 
 noon M. Hall went to the Speaker to the Temple, with whome he 
 found no body but one Hall his man : and among other talk, 
 praying his man might be delivered, he told him that he mer- 
 vailed that he dealt so extraordinarily against him, as to crave 
 leave to speake in the prejudice of the priviledge : he seemed to be 
 moved therwith, and said he had done no more than he might, 
 which he would do, and that M. Hall did not well so to take ex- 
 ceptions to him : lie aunswered, he had not seen the like before, 
 and therforc toke it unkindlye. With this M. Bowyer the Ser- 
 geant came in, and bad M. Speakers man goe out. M. Speaker 
 affirmed, that M. Lovelace had favorably reported the matter, 
 and not as it was, whyche if it hadde fain out for him to do, the
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. '29 
 
 consequente woulde have ben otherwyse. In fine, he could take 
 no order for the deHvcrance ofSmalley, forasmuch as the manner 
 how he should be discharged was not determined in the house; 
 but advised Maister Hall to move the Parliament of it, and he 
 should be heard, confessing that Mallerie for his vvilfulnesse, hadde 
 well deserved to lose his execution, if it had ben muche more. 
 Hall offeryng hym so largely. The nexte day Hall called upon 
 his mans busynesse : there were appointed nuiister Saint Poole, 
 mayster Recorder, maister Sackford (maister of the Requestes), 
 maister Bromley (Atturney of the Dutchic), and master Roberte 
 Snagge, to meete at the Rolles in the after noone, and to make 
 searche howe the judgement of the house shouldc be executed, 
 whether by writte, or by the mace wytli the Sergeant, Accord- 
 ingly maister Bromley made reporte of their travayle, alledging 
 they coulde fynde no president, where any were delivered by 
 writte uppon an execution, but uppon arrcstes dyvers. It was 
 agreed, the Speaker should dirccte a warraunt to my Lorde keeper 
 of the great scale. Sir Nicholas Bacon, to make a writte for the 
 enlarging of the prisoner, and tiiat maister Hall should goc to my 
 Lordc, and bee swornc, that SmaJley was his man. After dinner, 
 he attended at Sufl'olke place where my Lorde lave, of whome 
 my Lorde demaunded what his nuuines name was, who was in exe- 
 cution, Hal/ aunswered, Edward Smalley : the booke being held, 
 my Lord a^ked hym whether he knewe Edwardc Smalley or no : 
 which he did : whether he were his man or no ? which he was : 
 Howe long: Tinee or foure yeares : whether he was attached be- 
 fore the Sessions of the Parliament or since: Since was swonie : 
 My Lortle vers' honorably used maister Hti//, and ])a(le him iare- 
 wel, who prescjitly repaired to the Speakers elianiber at the 
 Temple, whom he found at supper, and with him uuiisttr Sandes, 
 nuivster JNOrton, Parliament men, nuiister Onsky the ("lerk, and 
 and master Conisby : //r/// told the Speaker he was swoiii, wlit r- 
 upoii he directed master Onslev to make a warrant to l)c sent to 
 the ('lianeerie for the writ to dischartie the arrest : Oiisit y rccpiirtd 
 niasttr IJall to send him a n<jtc ottlic piocccdnigs tiicrcin, by the 
 which he might the more particularly pc ii il. The notice given 
 to the chanceric lor this writ, lla// sent by .laiiies ("liambers his
 
 30 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 servant to master Disters office, who denied he had any president 
 in the like case, yet with him repaired to master Garth, also a 
 Chauncerie officer, to whome this matter was french, not beeing 
 acquainted at any tyme with the like, he sought out maister Cou- 
 per, who durst not deale in so extraordinarie a cause. To my 
 Lord keeper he goes, who answered he was not to receive mes- 
 sages from the house by any body but by the speaker, and willed 
 that he should come to him. The next morning Hall made rela- 
 tion to maister Speaker, what had bin done, who determined to 
 go to my lord himself at the rising of the house, and so he did. 
 My Lord e desired certayne words more to be put in the warrant, 
 which the speaker said he would put too in the after noone. The 
 Speaker delivered Dister the warrant, which being broughte to 
 my L. keeper, his lordship presently directed two letters, one to 
 the Cursitaries of the Chancerie, and an other to the six Clerks. 
 The 27th of the same month (for these actions from day to day, 
 and dayly for the most part now continued) the Speaker declared 
 to the whole house, what he had done, and the Clerkes of the 
 Chaunceries answer to the L. keper, how there was no president 
 to be founde among them in that case, wherewith Hall found 
 himselfe grieved in his man's behalfe, saying, the Atturney of the 
 Dutchie, who was a committee to searche the Recordes before, 
 knew that well inough, and that the Speaker did determine that 
 cause, wherby the delaye was greate : the Speaker replyed, and 
 sa3'de. It was not well done so to charge h3'm : for he didde 
 nothyng but what was determined by the house, which Hall de- 
 nyed. Master Nidigate wished the liberties to be preserved. Sir 
 Francis Knolles Treasorer of her Majesties housholde, maister 
 Comptroller, and Sir \^'ater Myldemay agreed as muche, yet ad- 
 visyng recompense to bee hadde. Maister Popham and mayster 
 Norton could not brooke that executions should be dispensed 
 withall. Sir Henry Knevet unripped parte of maister Malleries 
 behaviour to maister Hall, moving consideration to be thought 
 on, for that Ma/lerie dydde touche Hall, for speeches in that 
 house, as you have hearde before, a place not mcete to be tab- 
 bered on by him at a common table, with unsemely wordes to 
 misuse anv member therof. Further for declarins: Hall to be a
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 31 
 
 traitor (an odious sporting) he had his harm : by means wherof, 
 the debt and execution grew, himself deming that sucli outrageous 
 behaviour was to be answered with greter force without recom- 
 pence, than by so small a scratch with so great damages, and he 
 could find no cause sufficient, to urge any consideration at all, the 
 partie living, so much lesse, he dead, and the execution discharged 
 by the judgement of the assembly. M. Digs, M. Rob. Benbrig, 
 M. Francis Al ford, and M.Tho. Saint Poole stood firme of this 
 mind. M. Christopher Hatton captain of the Guard condescended 
 to the rest for the deliverie of the prisoner, willing that six or eight 
 should be chosen, wherof the house half, and Hall the rest (as M. 
 Hall and divers other did conceive it) they to award the Malleries 
 what they thought best, in lieu of the execution, discharge the 
 sheriffs of London also, not to be burdened for any thing touching 
 the same: Hall said he would first have his man at libertie, and 
 then he wold do what he thought good. It was set down, the 
 sheriffs of London should bring Sniallcy in the morning to the 
 house, and then should be enlarged. The next day the Speaker let 
 them understand, that the prisoner was without : wherupon M. 
 Snag certified the assembly, that he being at the examination of 
 the cause, with the committees, he found they had not made true 
 report thereof, he desired that way might be taken to sift out such 
 can tele as semed to him to be practised in the arrest by Smalley 
 and others. M. Norton wold have recompence to be made, M. 
 Alford, M. Nidigate and others were not of his opinion, M. Love- 
 lace being a committee, and a reporter of their doings to the 
 house, was answering M.Snag: which slander was after suffi- 
 eiently refeld by M. Hopton, M. Arnold, and himself wlu)se free- 
 hold for not true delivering of their dealings, was by him touehecl. 
 But the Sj)eaker would nedes first put two (jue^tions, (1 know not 
 by what rule, I am sure, neither I, nor those about me in tlu" 
 hither end of the house agreed theri'io, for tliat we herd no motion 
 made of them.) The first was, wiiether Smalley should he iVced 
 from the execution : the other, whether he >lioul(l remain in the 
 sergeants eustodii- alter, till it were examined wIkiIk r lie yielded 
 himself prisoner and so abused the house : enlarged ol the ixe- 
 eution he must be, and continue with the sirgeant till further
 
 32 OUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 deliberation. Accordingly he was brought to the barre, but not by 
 the sheriffs, for they seemed too good to execute that office, two 
 sergeants served the turne : and as you have heard it decreed, so 
 was it done. M. Recorder ran harde on that string, that Smalley 
 should yelde himself, that he should cautelously deale, and indi- 
 rectly with that place, praying breathing in the matter, and tho 
 they had passed in the cause, as is recited, yet they should not 
 doubt upon good occasion to reverse the judgement they had past, 
 producing a president hapned in a Parliament wherin he was, 
 which fell out in a bill for the Vintners at London. It was so, 
 that they labored for a statute to passe touching wines, whiche 
 was to be read and argued in the after noon on the Saterday : 
 Many of the Parliament were that day at dinner feasted by them. 
 Their good chere ended, to counsell they goe : Bacchus spake in 
 the parliament (as the sequele doth declare) for his ministers the 
 Vintners : what more the law had free passage. It was but a 
 daye betweene, as master Recorder said, a Monday morning they 
 found a fault with their Saterdays after noone work, and made 
 no bones advisedly to dash that which Vinteners good chere had 
 unadvisedly caused them to determine late a saterday: this tale 
 and motion toke no effect : Committees were appointed for the 
 examination of the matter, and recompence to be had to Mallerie: 
 The whole counsell of the house, who were Maister Treasorer, 
 M. Comptroller, sir Thomas Smith, and maister Frauncis Wal- 
 singham Secretaries, sir Raulfe Sadler Chauncellor of the Dutchie 
 of Lancaster, sir Walter Mildmaye, my Lord Russell, sir Henry 
 Knevet, also with them Mayster Hatton, & Mayster Lovelace, their 
 place of meeting was the Checker Chamber, the time, the seconde 
 of the next moneth, whiche was the Wednesdaye after : The 
 Speaker, by what direction I know not, demaunded of the house, 
 whether they were content Smalley should be delivered from the 
 Sergeant upon M. Halls wordes for his foorth comming, when he 
 should be required, it was consented to. The 2d of March in the 
 morning were more Committees joy ned to the first, by what meanes 
 I know not, neither yet any that I have enquired of, who were sir 
 Owen Hopton, sir Nic. Arnold, sir Wil. Winter, M. doctor Wil- 
 son (mu^^ter of the recjucsts), M. Popham, M.Colby, M.Crokc, and
 
 OUARREI.T, nETW EEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 5.1 
 
 M. Norton. In the after noon in the Exchekcr chamber came 
 togither, maister Tresorer, M. Mildmay, M. Hatton, Sir Henry 
 Knevet, sir Nic. Arnold, sir Owen Hopton, sir Wil. Winter, M. 
 Lovelace, M.Wilson, M. Popham, M.Colby, M.Croke, M.Nor- 
 ton, and toward the evening, M. Comptroller. Hall declared unto 
 them that he marveled to see so many Committees in the cause 
 wherin he was a partie, and they to be named without his consent, 
 he specially toke exceptions to M. Norton, who was well pleased to 
 depart. But M. Mildmay told M.Hafl ther was none there would 
 be ruled by him, wherupon he kept his place : In the beginning 
 of Halls speech to the Committees for the appoynt\'ng of them, one 
 with some choler saide he spake not truly. A hard word (you 
 know) among some precise gadders in forain places and sufficient, 
 as you have seen it, to make Hall far forget himself: but pro- 
 ceding, he declared the occurrcnts betwcne M. Mehhisedech Mal- 
 lerie and him, whichc he did but lightly passe over, bicause he 
 was dead, and so comming to the dealings, since he delivered 
 them, as you have heard them mentioned, and therfore I think it 
 nedlesse to repete them again. M. Audrerc Mallerie followed, 
 urging his brothers hurt, his charges, his arestings, his death, de- 
 nving part of Halls allegations, protesting Smalley was arrested 
 against his will, forcing cautele and fraud at lest to be in him, if 
 not also in his master, at whom he glanced divers times, with terms 
 might well have been left, as M. Mildmay and M. \\ ilson did ad- 
 vise him. The Secondaries of the two Counters, M. Afosley, and 
 M. Christoffer, were examined upon their oathes apart, some of 
 the sergeants, Mosleys men and others, also Smalley, who u[)on 
 the interrogatories confessed, he knew Kertleton, that he was his 
 masters Scholemaster, how he was willing inough to be arrested, 
 bicause he would have his sureties discharged; he was (lemauiuled 
 whether M. //// was [)rivie to the Seholemaisters doings and his 
 or no in f iuildhall, wherto he asked whether tluy would have hyiu 
 accuse his mayster, (answer of suHieient importance to bring sus- 
 [)ition of hvin, whether bee had bene a partner in the practise or 
 no:) Mai-'ter Mildniave and some others, verve honorably con- 
 fessed it sIxMild l)e exiraordinarv proceeding: and therefore dealt 
 no further therein Ixyng very late, ab(;tite si'ven of the clocke ere
 
 34 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 they rose, they deferde theyr finall resolution what they would 
 awarde Mallerie till the next morning, which they would agree 
 on in the Treasury chamber, at theyr rising. Hall was very in- 
 quisitive of some of the Committees who were most his friends and 
 contraries in the matter, and was certified more than I would he 
 had bene, and more than I will put in wryting. Though nothing 
 were done but with wise and grave consideration, the unkindnesse 
 was and may be conceived, can do no good. I saw him enter into 
 the chamber : the Committees upon earnest talke, from whome 
 some wordes were over harde, which might be wrested to be spoken 
 of great affection against him, he followed M. Hatton to the 
 Courte, shewyng him, that he gathered there were some striffe on 
 the behalfe of Mallerie that he forced not of the money, that he 
 would caste away five times as much, rather than his enimies (so 
 terming the Malleries) shoulde enjoy any thing (A charitable 
 man to make a Bishop of.) that himself was cause he had put the 
 matter to comprimise, that he reposed his confidence chiefly in 
 him and Sir Henry Knevet, as well he might, to whome he was 
 most assuredly beholding, praying him in what he might, to with- 
 stand and restrayne the liberal givers away of his Coyne. In the 
 morning in the Treasury chamber by M. Treasurer, M. Comp- 
 troler, M. Mildmay, M. Hatton, M. Hopton, M. Knevet, M. 
 Winter, M. Wilson, M. Lovelace, M. Popham, M. Colby, M. 
 Croke, and I thinke Sir Nicolas Arnold, Hall and the Malleries 
 were called in, where M. Treasurer declared to them that it was 
 agreed. Hall should pay a hundred pound to the Administrator 
 of the deceased Mallerie, betwene that and the beginning of the 
 next Terme. He and the Malleries to release all matters touch- 
 ing the sutes betweene them. Hall intemperately sware he would 
 never performe the same, alledging that some of the Committees 
 were not indifferent, neither agreed on by him, and being de- 
 maun ded who they were he tooke such exceptions to : he named 
 Sir William Winter, M, Wilson, M. Popham, M. Colby, and M. 
 Croke : he willed to yeelde his reason, which was ; bicause they 
 were agaynst the matter, when the house was devided, he sayde 
 they woulde not in theyr dealings but confirme their owne opi- 
 nions. M. Winter found him selfe most grieved, saying. Hall
 
 OUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 3o 
 
 was not to rule his conscience, tho he were a better man than he 
 was, (comparisons be hateful, but if betternesse may go by worthi- 
 nesse in all respects and Hall be his owne judge he will give no 
 place to M. Winter tho he be a Knight), M. Wilson to whom M. 
 Hall hath alwayes singularly bene beholding, and E converso the 
 other to him as far as his small habilitie and good will could 
 stretche, was much miscontentcd that he shoulde be named 
 among the reste, to whome Hall sayde, that he would committe 
 a matter of far greater importauuce to his handes. But foras- 
 much as in private talke betwene them, he was so much agaynst 
 the discharging of the jirysoner, he woulde not have admitted him 
 a judge in the cause. Well the matter was grievouslye taken, 
 and thereof complaynte (some sayde) they woulde make to the 
 house : by the advise of Sir Henry Knevet, and M. Hatton, 
 muche agaynst Halls will, the money shall be paydc. W ben the 
 Malleries saw that Hall was entreated, they sued also to be at 
 libertie, and that they should leave all things as they fouiul them, 
 the Malleries pleased as 1 think, tho tiiey made face otherwise. 
 Hall almost mad for anger, divers of the Committees disquieted, 
 some to the Parliament, others to theyr owne business departed. 
 Tlie (ith of March M. Wilson with unloked ior speeches of M. 
 Hallj and his friends, considering the friendship had bin betwene 
 them, inveved in the house hardly agaynst him, how he had very 
 warely charged the Committees, and that tiiere appeared great 
 fraude and cunning in his man, whose wordes did importe, that his 
 Maister was the procurer and Counseller thereof. M. A\ inter, 
 M. Snai2:2;e with others shotte their shaites into the same hole, 
 M. Treasurer as indift'erent bare him sell", M. Mildniay, .M. Hat- 
 ton, M. Colby, and M. Alfordc and others directly impugned 
 W^ilson and Snagges allcgacions : it was ordered, that Hall, Mal- 
 lerie with his Councell, and Smalley the next day in the afternone 
 should come to the house: as it was aj)pointe<l, the parties ap- 
 peared. Hall being within, and the otluTs attenchiig without, 
 after a bill or two reside, M. Snagge called on the matter, Hall 
 desired that the house iniyht t)e full, and that as (liver> invective 
 speeches ureatlv to his reproach had parsed in the lanu', lu' might 
 eleare himself beiorc as great an assembly, or els be condempned
 
 36 gUAREELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 of all craving further, that the Committees of the cause might be 
 there who were best acquaynted with it. As the request was rea- 
 sonable, so to my thinking it was not refellde, for they turned to 
 other billes: shortly after came in M. Comptroller, M. Mildmay, 
 M. Sadler, and M. Hatton : M. Snagge must needes on with his 
 chace, the abuse of the place was horrible, consultation must be 
 had, resolution determined, and judgement given. The Speaker 
 stoode up, saying it was very convenient to know, whether Hall 
 and the Malleries would stande to the awarde or no ? Andrew 
 and Fraunces were called to the barre, Andrew besought the house 
 he might be at libertie, yet rather then that company should con- 
 ceyve amisse of him, he and his brother condescended. Hall 
 being also demaundcd of his determination, required first to be 
 satisfied in two pointes, the first, whether it was ordered, that he 
 should chuse three or foure for the Awarde, and the house as 
 many : It was answered no, tho 1 know he was, and I thinke is of 
 an other opinion. The second, why without his knowledge after the 
 first Committees named, there were more put to them r that the 
 Speaker and some other denied, I suppose of ignorance. For true 
 it was neverthelesse, he agreed to performe the Awarde, if they 
 would so wishe it, tho earnestly he desired the contrary : it was 
 set downe the Malleries and Huyt shoulde release and discharge 
 all bondes, controversies, and questions, depending upon the first 
 quarrell and this great action : That Hall should enter bonde in 
 two hundred markes in Recognizance for the pa3anent of a hun- 
 dred pound the first of the Terme following. M . Sergeant Love- 
 lace, and M. Recorder were the men shoulde see this done accord- 
 ingly. M. Meredith of the Temple (a man whome I never heardo 
 speake before) foorthwith called out for the abusing of the house : 
 his earnestnesse was great, his tiiirst to punishe abuse much, 
 whiche if bee regarded onely without affection, sure he deserved 
 commendations, tho small thankes of M. Hall or his nuvn, for 
 botlie (as he affirmed) had covcnouslv, fraudulently, and cun- 
 ningly dealt with that Councel, and therefore he requested sharpe 
 penaunce for such misdemeanour. M. Hall stoode up to have 
 answered hym : but sitting betweene Sir James Harrington and 
 iM. Ley ton they piucte hym downe, advising hym ro let others
 
 QUARRBLL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 37 
 
 firste speake, who were in hande to cast licour in M. Merediths 
 fire. M. Gente of the Inner temple was at hande to put dry water 
 to encrease the flame, and M. Frauncis Alforde was ready at one 
 instant with cleare running water to suppresse the inconvenience 
 was lyke to grow. The question grew who was up firste, Gente 
 alledged, he was he, and woulde not lose his advauntage, claym- 
 ing the prerogative in the same case, De lana capriiia was the 
 contention, he had it. Do you remember the invective orations 
 that passed between Tullie and Cateline, thankes be to God the 
 matter was not so great. Gente is Cicero, Halle s man muste be 
 an example, (woe be to him, for so it is sayde) his Maister muste 
 not passe free by his motion, yet so good he was to him, that some 
 difference shoulde be had, and lighter hande layed on hym than 
 the servaunt, whose faulte was not venyable : M . Comptroller 
 with no lesse gravitie than good conscience, and as much expe- 
 rience as yeares could give, advised no further proceeding : the 
 more to perswade, he brought foorth the dealings of considerate 
 Princes, who having what is convenient to be obtayned, be not 
 too scrupulous of needelesse consequences : he had no sooner 
 done, but with the rest of the Councell, Master Ilatton and others 
 of the house, he departed to White hall to the Lordes about a 
 Commitee. At whiclie tyme M. Hatton wished M. Hall to pro- 
 cure the cause to be stayed till theyr returnes : Sir Henry Knevct 
 was very full, whose good minde might not broke (as he tooke it) 
 suche harde measure he dealt, not as a changelying one day iu 
 one sorte, and the nexte in an other, but as you have lieardc, 
 denied punishment of the Servaunt, and much lesse of the Maister 
 in the beginnyng of his speechc. The Speaker woulde needos put 
 a question, whether Hall should avoyde the house or no, away hoc 
 muste, lette hym hereafter take hecde of speakyng agaynst Lon- 
 don minstrelies. Master Harrington and M. Ley ton dyd him no 
 good, staying the utteryng of what he meante to speake as 3'ou 
 hearde : for after he never had convenient occasion for the pur- 
 pose. M. Winter had not bene at Jntlri/ra, his elioller and 
 melancholie was not purged, the fayling of his voyce was shc.wo 
 sufticient of the affection of hys niirHlc, many wooidos to aggni- 
 vatc the matter, sonic ordinary as in aiicho cases, but some olhei- 
 
 c
 
 38 QTTARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 wise, avouchyng that Hall as the day before in the aftemone was 
 at Arundels at dyce, and therfore the house abused, in that it was 
 there reported hee was sickc, whiche as hee had of hearesay, as 
 himselfe confessed, so did he rove at randone. 
 
 Further comming to bryng in question, how Mallerie was 
 hurte by Halls man, he wished the Maister alwayes not to com- 
 maunde that acte to be done by his servaunt, whiche him selfe 
 durste not doe, Durus sermo, and specially of his mouth, who as 
 he is knowen to be of sufficient courage, so ought not to con- 
 demne a Gentleman of pusillanimity who he never tried, for his 
 wordes can no less importe. M. Fraunces Alforde whome M. 
 Winter had touched in parte of his tale, for saying M. Hall was 
 sicke the day before, desired the answearing of him, in whose 
 speech M. Snagge did somewhat intermeddle, but as M. Alforde 
 lackes no sufficiency in his arguments he deales with, so hath he 
 audacitie answeareable to deliver his opinion maugre interruption. 
 He charged M. Winter that his speech did declare his affected 
 minde, him selfe also, for the zeale to equity and favour to his 
 friende M. Hall, did offende in the same kinde by his owne open 
 confession : he disswaded the punishment, he advised all men to 
 suppose that one Gentleman durst do as much as an other, that 
 of all others M. Hall was not to be touched for any collation, 
 laying downe his large offiirs and direct usages : his man as little, 
 in seeking to discharge hi^ sureties, a parte deservyng prayse 
 rather than misdeeming that the officers should themselves have 
 looked not to touche any belongyng to that assembly, that the 
 administrator should worthely lose his execution, for volenti non 
 Jit injuria, if any wrong was done he was the cause of it. M. Nor- 
 ton and many others were of contrary minde, perswading the 
 punishment of the Scholemaister, who is named heretofore: M. 
 Sentpoole, M. Digges, IM. Dannet, M. John Talbot and others 
 followed M. Alforde, especially for cleeryng M. Hall and the 
 Scholemaster, and also left not that parte of M. Winters tale un- 
 answeared, wherein he made mention of the hurting of Mallerie. 
 M. Beale tooke of his conscience Hall was guilty of the fault : 
 before they came to the question, it grew very late and darke, 
 being past seven of the clocke : many would have departed, the
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE 39 
 
 dore was kepte by commandement of the Speaker. Sir Owen Hop- 
 ton. M. Bricket, and M. Dalton moved eyther an ende to be 
 made of all those causes sith the money should be payde, or els 
 to deferre the whole till the house was full, they would not be 
 hearde : wherefore they all standing with more disorder than I 
 must touch so grave a Councell with : the Speaker presents two 
 questions, the first, whether Smalley should to the Tower : thether 
 must he : the second whether Kertleton the Scholemaister must 
 drinke of the same cup or no, the judgement was doubtfull, the 
 division of the house was desired : but whether latenesse, lacke or 
 will was the cause I know not, with many discontented minds, 
 it is ruled over that the yea was the greater, I am sure the 
 Gierke coulde not see to enter judgement, divers of M. Halls 
 friends came to him, he beyng without at the dore, finding them- 
 selves greatly grieved with the events, and at theyr wits endes, 
 what direction to appoynt : wherewith (I shall not forget him) he 
 repeted two verses used by Aeneas in great extremitie, the one 
 Troy all in flame and past hope of recovery, and the other in ex- 
 treeme hunger and misery happened in his search of Italic, Una 
 salus victis nullam sperare salutem : that is (quoth he) for me. 
 For you Durate et vosmet rebus senate secundis. He yeeldcd 
 them great thankes whose favors so liberally used toward him, did 
 answeare more contentement than the adverse hap misliking : he 
 was advised to make vertue of necessitie, to yeelde when as there 
 was no other remedy, he first lamented to be evill spoken of in 
 that auditory, having by his large offers shewed sufficiently the 
 small regarde he had to a hundred pound to be injured by the 
 deceased Mallerie, and that in so hie a degree, his man wounding 
 hym to be so deepely condemned, considering the evidence, the 
 debt grew of nothing disbursed, to be paydc to an administrator, 
 whereby no i)cnny to Malleries creditors should be answcarcd, 
 that being discharged of the execution by tlie bouse, and consent- 
 ing to pay a hundred pound, for the quieting ol all causes, his 
 two men should be couiinitted to the Tower, thai he and others 
 requesting but lime to have the company full, etjulde not obtayne 
 so reasonable a sute, thai the dore was kepte, that the house 
 might not be dcvided beyng desired, and that (as he sayde) it
 
 40 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 might be termed opus tenebrarum, being in the afteraone, and 
 wanting time to enter the decree. These speeches passed from 
 him with great heate, saying he would dryve out one extremitie 
 with another: he seemed to be touched at the quicke, protesting 
 he was not able to beare the opprobrie his contraries woulde in 
 corners spreade abroade : he seemed to make light of ten times 
 the value of the money, tho it were not his ease to pay it, and so 
 great accompt of the recited premisses, as it was told him by 
 them that wished him well, that a Princes hart with a poore mans 
 habilitie was an ill medley, that continuall kicking will make the 
 backe ake, and many enemies breede disquietnes : takyng leave 
 one of another, in the Palace, he plucking his hatte about his 
 eares, mumbling the olde wives Pater noster, departed. M. Hall 
 had scarcely entred his owne lodging in litle Woodstreate, but the 
 Sergeants man was there to summon him, Smalley and Kertleton, 
 to morrow to be at the house, to whom answere was made, they 
 were not Domi. Hall gave commaundement to his folkeg to 
 <Jenie his being at home if any came to enquire for him : the 
 next day in the afternone the same case was againe argued, 
 wherin M. Comptroller, Sir Henry Knevet, M. Hatton and others 
 favorably moved for M. Hall and his people: it was sette downe, 
 Smalley and the Scholemaster must to the Tower, but shortly to 
 be delivered, that the Sergeant should leave worde at Halls 
 house for the bringyng in of the parties, and if he neglected the 
 same, to proceede with further consultation accordingly. Som^ 
 monance were given the day folowing, no man appearing from 
 Hall: they tooke it in very evill parte, among whome, M.Love- 
 lace thought he was much abused, declaring how long he 
 W'ayted for him to acknowledge the recognizance, and to see the 
 order of the house performed betweene the Malleries and him, 
 500 markes fine by his consent is litle inough to be set on 
 his head for this contempt. A great cautell to be cut out of 
 so small a lofe as Halls is : that he should by Parliament be 
 disabled for ever to be of that Councell : a hardc Censure : but 
 motions be no lawes, if they had bene, nether would the losses 
 have bene irrecoverable, nor the wounde past lielpe of surgery. 
 Agreed it \va:, that once againe warning should be left for
 
 ^t ARRELL BETWEEN A. HALt AND 1A. MALLERlE. 41- 
 
 these hiders of tlicmselves, and if they woidde not be scene, the 
 house should proceede to judgement. The day after M. Hall 
 was perswaded by many of his very good frendes to procure 
 Smalleys appearance, which in no case he would be brought to, 
 and till he was charged that he gave his worde for his forth -com- 
 ming at all times when he should be demanded, also that his im- 
 prisonment should be no longer than during the Parliament, he 
 stoode too wilful in his own determination, yet answering those 
 two poynts that he undertooke for Smalleys appearance. So the 
 7th of this moneth, at which time judgement was given against 
 him, upon the Sergeants notice, he brought him to the house, and 
 there attended the rising thereof. And for his short impryson- 
 ment, he doubted (as the sequele declared he had good cause) 
 affirming he would never have condescended to the Awarde of 
 100 pound, but for the shutting up of all questions. In the morn- 
 ing M. Recorder brought a bill into the house, wherein it should 
 have bene enacted, that Hall should pay the 100 pound, and to 
 be turned out for a wrangler, for ever being member of that as- 
 sembly. But midta cadunt inter poculum supremaque labra, for 
 at that very instant worde was brought Smalley was at the dore. 
 Yea, quoth M. Recorder, 1 thought of some suche matter, for I 
 gave knowledge to Mistres Hall of this geare this morning, I 
 doubted not but she would sendc her man, I marvell how he could 
 hit so right, but as women be vaineglorious, so can they not abide 
 such an infamy to fall to theyr husbandes, and he doubted not 
 but that M. Hall was (as some wiser men than he are) content 
 many times to be advised by theyr wives. Smalley brought from 
 his Master a letter to the house, which being delivered to the 
 Speaker, he brake up and red to himself, after openly, and well 
 taken, saying he had thought the direction had bene to hym : 
 1 cannot thinke the Speaker so unadvised, but somewhat lie 
 meant thereby whiclie I know i\ot, the C()j)y theiof" lolloweih. 
 vorde jor worde.
 
 42 QUAKRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERrR 
 
 To THE Parliament House, the seventh of 
 February^ 1575. 
 
 TylGHT honorable and worshipful my duty most humbly rc- 
 membred toward you all, I am right sory being a member of 
 you, who have bent my poore good will towarde the service of my 
 country among you in all trouth and plainenesse, that upon opinion 
 conceved of me, otherwise than I have given cause in knoxcledge of 
 my selfe, have proceeded against me, as a stranger, and not zoith 
 that favour as a member of such a body might in good equitie have 
 looked for, zchich hath forced me sore to my great discontent at ion 
 to withdraw my self till a time of better favour, assuring your 
 honors and worships all, that if my cause had bin heard and judged 
 in a full courte, in the presence of the chief e of the committees, who 
 were absent, I should have abidden your uttermost sentence even to 
 the losse of all that I had. Had I understande that every small 
 error of mine is made an heynous offence, as the exception against 
 certain of the committees, for want of their good zcills towards me, 
 is accompted a derogation to the aucthoritie of the house, and much 
 impayring to their worships and credite, an exposition truly very 
 harde, and in trouth contrary to my meaning. And wheras by the 
 entreaty for the delivery of my man I am growen in suspition among 
 you, and by some in apparant speeches made pertaker ofhisfraude, 
 in procuring his owne execution : zchat so ever is conceived of me 1 
 assure you all it is zcithout cause, as both my offer may well declare 
 before I moved the house for his priviledge, which was a hundred 
 pound, wherof are zcitnesses master Justice Harper and Manhoode, 
 as well is knowne to Master Sergeant Lovelace, as also my icilling- 
 nesse since, to submit my selfe to your orders for the parties satis- 
 faction : of absent i)ig my selfe I pray you consider no otherwise than 
 as of one, zcho is much greeved of your offence conceived of him, and 
 as one that can not endure the continual herd speeches brought to 
 mine eares, much sounding to my discred/le, as also to see the im- 
 prisonment of my servauntes, for zc/iose liberties I zcould have bin 
 contented to have paide so deare. I might justli/ have looked for 
 some consideration in respect of the great injurie offred to my name
 
 OUARREM. BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 43 
 
 and credit, zchereof the qiiarel first grew, as on the other side, for a 
 blow given without my knowledge (God is my judge, sore against my 
 rcill). But in all, I submit my selfe to your honors wisdomes, as one 
 who is most desirous of your good opinions and favours, and wish 
 you good success in all honorable proceedings. Written this seventh 
 of Februarie, 1575. 
 
 Your honours and worshippes 
 to commaund Arthur Hall. 
 
 The messenger was called in, was committed to the Tower 
 there to lie a moneth, and then to be delivered if his Master did 
 in the meane time enter bond for the payment of the 100 pound, 
 if not there to remaine til the money were payd, if the day expired 
 when it should be answered or the bond not acknowledged before: 
 also M. Hall must pay the Sergeant, M. Bowyer forty shillings 
 for his paines aboute these affayres. Here some of M. Halls 
 friends touching this imprisonment reckened without theyrhostes, 
 which he forgot not to lay to theyr charges, swearing by no beg- 
 gers, that if he had knowne so much, he would have bidden the 
 extremitie of all. I do not recite the particular arguments in these 
 two daics, the 9th and 1 0th of this moneth, bicause they are but 
 to the purpose you have heard in the other disputes. Hall not 
 wanting favorers, tho he had many oppugnants, the 15th of the 
 moneth Hall sent one of his men to the Tower to speake with 
 Smalley, which was denied him, whereupon the day after he willed 
 him to repayre to the Speaker to shew the dealing of the Leuetc- 
 nant. M. Bell answered, the prysoner had wrong to be close kept, 
 sith the judgement was not according. The 19th of the same 
 moneth Hall sent James Chambers his servaunt to the Leuctc- 
 naunt to declare he marvayled his man should he so straightly 
 imprisoned, his aiiswoarc was; his usage be very good. Mis 
 Master could not spcakc; with him, but if he would w rite, after the 
 contents were scene the letter should be delivered. Tlie Utith he 
 went himself to the Tower, Sir Owen Iloptou not being there, 
 the prisoner could not be spoken with. The '2Hth M. //(///seekes 
 out M. Ilecorder, who advised to j)ay the nioiiey presently or to 
 put in sureties for the same, lor I tell you the Shreves ol' London,
 
 44 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERlE. 
 
 now seeme to have interest in the matter, bicause Malleries ad- 
 ministrator had no state to sticke to if Hall liad denied pay- 
 ment. But they would not I deeme, take a Gentlemans single 
 bonde, neither would M. Recorder but use them to theyr best 
 liking. The next morning comes M. Mosley to Hall and he per- 
 swades the like, but more than covenaunt will not be performed. 
 Wherfore in the morning Squyre and Hall goes to Doctor Gierke 
 in Pater noster Rowe, where he knowledges a recognizaunce of 
 200 markes to the administrator for the payment of one hundred 
 poundes the first of the Terrae following : the same day for the 
 good service the Scholemaster Kertleton had done, he was dis- 
 charged his service, whereat Cecil Hall his masters sonne, was no 
 whit discontented. M. Hall also in the afternone rides towards 
 his country home at Grantham, leaves the recognizaunce in his 
 servaunt James Chambers handes to be delivered to Huyts use, 
 and to receyve the Releases accordingly, loking for the delivery 
 of Smalley at the day prefixed : until the 8th of April he was 
 posted over from one to another, to M. Recorder, to M. Mosley, 
 &c. And bicause Andrew Mallerie the agent of all these causes 
 will not be founde, tho Hall have performed the decree, yet for 
 his pleasure his man is like to lie longer than his time by the 
 heeles : other of the Malleries were spoken withall, who directly 
 answered, that if the case were theirs, they would make no releases, 
 Halls insufficiency considered, without a good surety to performe 
 the money. Speeches not so much to the discredite of him as to 
 the whole Parliament, whose consideration did inhable him for 
 the same. Chambers repayred streight to M. Comptroller, de- 
 claring to him the usage of this matter. The 9th day of April 
 the Recorder came to M. Comptroller, who willed him to frame 
 a letter in the names of himself, M. Treasurer, sir Walter Mild- 
 may, and M. Walsingham, to be directed to the sayd Recorder, 
 whereunto they would set theyr hands, the contents whereol" to be, 
 That whereas M. Hall had performed the order set downe by the 
 house, and knowledged his recognizance, and the time expired of 
 his mans punishment, he should make certificate to the Leuete- 
 nant for his delivery. M. Comptroller also commaunded that 
 the recognizance should be taken to M. Recorder, he to kcepe it,
 
 QUARRELL BETWEEN A.HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 45 
 
 till Huyt and the Malleries had passed the releases, to whom 
 answer was made, that by his former appointment it was left with 
 M. Richard Litler his neere neighbour and Halls Attorney. 
 Chambers attending on the Recorder, he will have the recogni- 
 zance inroUed, els nothing shall be done, which should then have 
 bene in force against Hall, and he to seke for his releases backe, 
 which he forsaw, giving his man commauixlment in no case to 
 part with his bonde with one hand, but to rcceyve the discharges 
 with the other : which to do, there was time inough, for that the 
 Recognizance was knowlcdged the 29th of March, and the moneth 
 came out for Smalleys imprisonment after the shortest reckening, 
 the 7th of Aprill, dayes sufficient to ende a greater cause. Cham- 
 bers sent with speede for his Masters pleasure touching the de- 
 livery of the recognizance to the Recorder, which he gave him 
 warrant to do, and offering the same, it would not be received, till 
 the releases from the Malleries were performed r nether yet will 
 any certificate for the enlargement of the prisoner be had, so must 
 M. Hall be unkindly handled, pay well, his man against justice 
 lie fast, beside being laught at by his enemies in theyr sleeves, the 
 judgment of that high Court of Parliament contemj)ned. Cham- 
 bers returnes to M. Com[)tro]lcr the Recorders answer, praying 
 the delivery of Smalky, that the recognizance might be in the 
 custody of the Lcuetcnant, till Huyt and the Malleries had ended 
 what was to be done on ilicyr behalfes. M. Com})troller allowed 
 of his motion, and willed him to repayre to M. Treasurer for his 
 opinion therein : he appointed that the Recorder should come to 
 him, who having knov. ledge accordingly, answered lie had letters 
 from my L. Treasurer, as he had indeede, and iherelore eould 
 determine no time: fiirtlier, that unless the Malleries would eonie 
 in and discharge the Slieryves, or else that Ihitl did [)ut in siif- 
 ficient sureties for the {)aynient of the money, tlie prysouer shoidd 
 not be enlarged for any mans pleasure. A sore sj)eeeh, l)ut stct 
 fro ratione voluntas, 1 tliinke must be alled<;('(l as the best reason 
 for such proceedings. W hen thus uiiich was brought to M.Hall, 
 I heard him sav, that at M. liecorder^ handes he alwaves loked if 
 not for favour, at tlie least for e([iulie, and lliat lu- had well de- 
 served the same. M. Recorder can tell whether he sayelh truely- 
 
 11
 
 4^ QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. JUALLERI?. 
 
 or no, yet thus much for mine owne parte, with good testimony 
 I can prove, that Hall hath not spared his great good speeches 
 like a friendly Gentleman in the commendations of M. Recorder, 
 against the invective (I thinke) slaunders of divers lavishe tongues. 
 The 23d of Aprill M. Treasurer sent the Recognizance to sir 
 Walter Mildmay, desiring him to deale with the Recorder there- 
 in, who the nexte day having worde, went to him : Andrew Mai- 
 lerie and Huyt his man were sent for by a pursuivant, and with 
 them the Secondary and Squyre came : M. Recorder was or would 
 be sicke, the matter debated a whyle, M. Mildmay commaunded 
 Chambers in, tolde him the day of payment was at hand, that the 
 Recognizaunce being in the Malleries handes woulde with diffi- 
 cultie upon the payment of money be cancelled, that also charge 
 would grow thereof, and therefore perswaded Donari contanti, 
 which he excusing, M. Mildmay deraaunded some to gyve theyr 
 wordes to the Malleries for the more assuraunce, whiche he coulde 
 not do without his Maisters directions, urging still performaunce 
 according to the order in Parliament. M. Mallerie coulde not be 
 contented with a Recognizaunce of M. Halls as it was decreed, 
 but muste have his minde satisfied with the infringement of the 
 resolution of that place, and what soever comes of the rest, his 
 quietnesse must be provided for, for forsooth he doubted further 
 trouble : nothing done, Chambers was willed to prove a day or 
 two for provision of the money, whiche if he could, he would 
 not have done, without commission thereto : he therefore might 
 have played Coleprophetes parte if he had pleased, (one of the 24 
 orders), and told his message before he went aboute it. The re- 
 cognizaunce M. Mildmay keepes, and Chambers goes aboute to 
 see if he can finde an hundred pounds in the streates, or meete 
 with some one will give him so much. M. Mallerie hath Smalley 
 faste, and the bonde no double if the worst fall will at length be 
 payde, (tho it tarry long) spite of all M. Halls debts, for yet he is 
 a freeholder. The 8th of May, God be thanked, the money is 
 reddy somewhat before appoyntment with hard shift inough : for 
 beggers without daunger of lawe cannot have money when they 
 woulde : before sir Walter Mildmay it is by Huyt and the Mal- 
 leries received, the releases performed, a warrant for the prisoner
 
 QUAREELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 47 
 
 to goe play liimselfe, signed by M. Mildmay, the whiche nowe the 
 Recorder firmes with William Fleeteuood, the 9th of the same, 
 paying twelve pound to the Leuetenaunt (M. Halls cosen) with- 
 out dayes given, and other charges besides of forty-three shillings 
 and ten pence, he was turned forth. And by cause he hath song 
 in so worthy a Gayle, his Master thought him not meete to 
 chaunte in so meane a Cadge as the beste house he is like to 
 have, so that now he may, beyng Sommer, learne a new note in 
 the greene fields. Here have you the end of this great cause 
 thus far, to the excessive charge of M. Hall one way and other, 
 trouble of Frendes and minde, and slaunderous reporte among 
 such as know not the truth, and therfore to the more prejudice of 
 his simple reputation. My excuse I made to you at the begin- 
 ning, and I nothing doubt of your good accepting of my well 
 meanyng, if by accident or otherwise than I desire or hope, this 
 private certificate hap to the iiandes of any who be offended for 
 not beyng soothed, beare malice for being contraried, thinke un- 
 kindnesse bicause they are not commended, as other quarrel 
 bicause I wrote the truth, or for affection sake can daunce nothinsr 
 but theyr owne galliarde. I must thus answeare, that I have 
 wronged them for naming any person in this manner particularly, 
 and not [)ut too my name, your sclfe knovves my stile (simple God 
 wote) and therefore need I the lesse to avoyde further question 
 (if my letters should be intercepted) to set to my liande, Contra 
 verbosos nolo contendere verbis, I love no disputation but where I 
 may learne, Quoniam senex esse vo/o, cifo si possem ero, olde I 
 must be or die young : And therefore will I yeelde over to the 
 yonger to play with the worlde, who carelesse hope with uncer- 
 taine likyng for great things, while I with regarde to my whyte 
 heares comming on with contentement am glad to enjoye mine 
 owne small porcion : for my paynes, 1 crave no thankes of" any 
 strauiiger, neyther yet of M. Hall hiuiselfe, whose good partt s 1 
 muste of force confcsse 1 do uiitayiietlly love, for the rest I am 
 sory, and remayne with his enemies in one predicament for the 
 conceyving of his wuntes, but differ in desire with them towardes 
 him, byeause 1 pray the anuiidment, which 1 doubt not ol", and 
 tliey gape lor his overthrow, whiclie \\(re piity if my reque-t
 
 48 QUARRELL BETWEEN A. HALL AND M. MALLERIE. 
 
 woulde come to passe : I wishe truth to be reported in all causes, 
 whiche if it had bene, I had saved this labour, for at my beying 
 at Killingworth in the beginning of Aprill laste, where what 
 greate company were assembled, what liberall cheere spent, what 
 familiar welcome used, and honorable consideration of all sortes 
 had, I referre to them that know what is incorporate to that house 
 since it came into the handes of hym that now hath it : There I 
 say I saw M. Hall by his owne brother in law M. Henry Skip- 
 with, by M. George Holte, M. James Cressy, and others who 
 love the man well, so loden with evil fame and opinion that went 
 of him for the premisses herein recited and that untruly, as of 
 myne owne knowledge I am assured, that I pitying the case, de- 
 termyned at the last with you who tenders him, not to suffer so 
 unjustly his credite, (tho small) to be so wildly tyred on. With my 
 old and accustomed well thinking, and praying for you, I leave 
 you. From London the 19th of May, 1576. 
 
 Your Frende no chaungeling, 
 
 r. A.
 
 An Admonition by the Father of 
 
 F. A. to him being a Burgesse 
 
 of the Parliament for his 
 
 better Behaviour 
 
 therein.
 
 SONNE, for as much as I now have obtayned for you my place 
 in the common house of Pailiament, for the increase of your 
 knowledge, you growing to the worlde and I from it : I thought 
 to bestowe a few lynes upon you, tho I had long since yelded 
 my pen to be quiet, my abilitie to write being decayd, which 
 never was great, and my memory alway bad, now in a manner 
 grown to lithargie : wherein to lay before you, as well as I could, 
 such advises as to folowe I have founde profitable. But con- 
 sidering mine owne wants, I withdrew my selfe from my deter- 
 mination. Yet minding, with whom I should deale, whom I 
 should counsel, to whom I shoulde sette abroade the shewe of my 
 experience, in good houre I hope I proceeded herein, for straun- 
 gers will take thankfully, what is don by others of a good mean- 
 ing for their behouf, and muche more children, that whiche is 
 done in the same kinde by their parents. I suppose it not nccde- 
 lesse lightly to runne over (as I can call to minde) by what Lawes 
 this Realme of England hath bccne governed, where altered, 
 where cleane abrogated and others confirmed, which laste of all 
 is your Parliament, wliereto I nicane to come. Wee alow the 
 report of Brutes arriving and inhabiting this Isle the ycare of the Brute. 
 worlde after the most writers 285J, before the iiicarnalioii of Christ 
 1108. He builte London, calling it Troi/nouanf, wherein lie 
 stablished with the name, the Troi/au Lawes : what they were i 
 finde no recorde, but that King Aimed al)uiit the time of Christen 
 birth, 872, did gather the same Lawes togethir, and translated 
 them into Englislj. But for the religion, it sccincd he followed 
 the Paganisme then used through the w hole worlde, as a greate 
 number of yeares after it did continue. Til the 441 yere belore 
 the comming of Christ, this lande was ruled, nowe with law and
 
 52 
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 now without lawe, bycause of the civil dissention therein, at 
 
 Mulmutius, which time 3^ulmutius Dunwallo, or Dunwallo Mulpiutius chose 
 you, the sonne of Cloten Duke of Cornewayle, by strong hanSe 
 bringyng the new righte called Lawe Moluntine, which graunted 
 great privileges to Temples, to plowes, to fayres and markettes, 
 and to the way leading to them, prohibiting men to bee troubled 
 for any cause in the same : the wars among themselves had so 
 wasted the subjects, as liberty and freedome muste nowe bring 
 people together againe, to joine in a newe corporation of friend- 
 ship. And to exclude all feare, he pardoned most freely all of- 
 fences past. These ordinaunces did holy Gildas about the yeare 
 of Christ 543 translate oute of Brytishe into Latine: and Alured 
 ^s afore about 872, out of Latin into the English : Gurgunstus 
 
 Gurgunsius. of some Gurguintus, the son of Belinus, before Christ 375, was 
 the first (it should seme, that imposed death and losse of limb for 
 transgression,) did also grievously punish the peace breakers. 
 Quinthelinus his sonne married a noble gentlewoman to name 
 
 Martia. Martin, who erected certaine decrees of governement whiche 
 
 were called after hir Mar-tian Lazes, brought likewise into Eng- 
 lish by king Alured, leaving them the little Marthehelage as much 
 
 Lucius. to say, the law of Martia. Lucius (it is said) the eight yeare of 
 
 his raigne, of Christ 188 (some small controversye there is of the 
 time) was christened, , Elutherius being Bishop of Rome, and 
 counted the first christened King of this Hand, of the most cre- 
 dible writers, tho some woulde have Arviragus, 138 yere before, 
 to have the preheminence, as well by the preachy ng. of Simon 
 Zelotes one of the disciples of Christ here martyred and buryed, 
 as by J ose\)h oi-Ary mat hi/ (who had Mutryn now Glastenbury, 
 his place appointed of habitation), sente hyther with twelve dis- 
 ciples by the Apostle Philip then preaching in Gaul nowe Fraunce, 
 too sone to come to Christ, onlesse we would felowe him better.: 
 Lucius was very timely, considering the late repayre to him of 
 many nations, nerer the plat of his birth and passion, whom I 
 would recite, but I have digressed too long. Lucius sent to 
 Elcuthcrius, desiring him he might have the imperial and Jlo-. 
 maine Lawes to guide and governe his countrey, who retourned 
 him this answere : As touching the rightes of the Churche, and'
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 53 
 
 service of God xchiche you have received, they must remaine alwat/es 
 one, untouched, the policie for civill rule may he abrogated and 
 altered as occasion shall serve : you have the booke of the olde and 
 newe preceptes, the Bible, with the advise of your kingdome^ make 
 a Lazce, thereby to governe your subjects. Here some will say was 
 your first Parliament, and the verie original thereof, whyche 1 no 
 way can agree to : and the cause hereafter I wyl shewe you. 
 Lucius died wythout heire : for the space of fifteene yeeres or 
 more all wente to havocke, tyll Severus the Emperour, discended Sevcrus. 
 rightlye from King Lud, toke the gouvemement upon him about 
 the yere 208, some account lesse, the Romaines seldome quietly, 
 but for the most parte to their excessive charge and trouble held 
 the domynion, til the death of Constantine the yere 443, then Constantine, 
 neglecting the same as a country not worth the keeping ; who 
 leaving behind him Constant or Constantin for his simplicity in 
 his fathers lime shorne a monk at Winchester. V ortiger, alias rorti^cr. 
 Vortigern, of some the Duke of West Saxons, of other the Duke 
 or Erie of Jezcesses, who after were called AV^cst Saxons, toke him 
 out of the Cloyster, and crowned him king, whome yet hee caused 
 to bee murdered the first yeare of his raignc, so that for those 240 
 yearcs few laws were made, and fewer executed. V ortiger usurp- 
 ing or being chosen king the 448 yeare, so continued but a while 
 in rest, for not onely his nobles, but the Pictes and Scottes layde 
 so sore to him, that driven to extremitie, he sent into Germany 
 for the Saxons and Englishmen to aide him in his warres, not 
 only against the foraine enimye, but his owne people, proniysing 
 to them habitation, wiiiche hee might well spare, the land being 
 in a manner wast by the meancs of the great niortalitie by pesti- 
 lence, the Scottes and Pictes invasions, and the civil! slaughter. 
 Their request was accepteil, and llorsus and licng^isl brought 
 hether certain souldiers, l^aninis, by whose valour / ortigers con- 
 traries were tamed: by the cotinnall r{'[)nir(^ and Hoi-kin^; Iietlwr 
 of those straungers, the inliabitaiints were j)ut lo tlic (lore. I'or 
 before the yere of our l.orde 4!)H, there ucic ihre<- kiii^donies 
 erected in* the Englishmen and Saxons, the iirst ol Kent by 
 Ilengist, the second by llella and his three soiiikn, ot" the south Iltvif^!^/. 
 Saxons, cou)prising D(.vun>hiri' and Corn<"\v;d, Soinerselte ;ui(l 
 
 I
 
 54 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 Southery, or rather Hampshire for Southery (according to the 
 more probable writers). The third of east Angles by Uffa, con- 
 teining Norfolk and Suffolke. These broyles being no time for 
 
 Jrthtir. lawes or letter, but for fier and bloud, Arthur the son of Uther 
 
 Pendragon was crowned king of Britayne, tho a greate part (as 
 you heare) were taken from him. The yere 516 he fought twelve 
 greate battayles with the Saxons, in all the which he put them to 
 the worse, yet coulde he not avoyde them the Land, neyther yet 
 
 Cerdieus. so subdue them, but that Cerdicus the fifth yere of his raigne 
 began the fourth kingdome of west Saxons, which consisted (as 
 I gather) of Worcester, Dorcet. Wiltishire, Stafford, and those 
 western partes adjacent. Aboute the yeare 547 the two King- 
 domes of Northumberland, that is the fifte and sixte principality 
 
 Ida. of the Saxons toke roote. In the one, called Brevitia, Ida first 
 
 Ella. had rule. In the other called Deira, Ella was governor. These 
 
 two kingdomes had in them the countries from Humber north- 
 ward to the Scottish sea, and continued sometime under one king 
 and sometime under two. The yere 586 the Britains were driven 
 into Wales, and presently the Saxons had the dominion of the 
 whole lande : At whyche time was the Christen religion thereby 
 extinct, and not thought on but among the Britaynes in Wales. 
 
 Selertus. After some, Sebertus leader of the East Saxons in 614 gave first 
 beginning to that kingdome, and had in it Essex. Not long after 
 
 Penda. Penda the Miscreant the yeare 626 made the kingdom of Mercia^ 
 
 who governed Huntingtonshire, Hertfordshire, Glouc. War. 
 
 Cadwallader. Lecester, Nottingham, Northumberland and others. Cadvvallader 
 the last king of Britaine died at Rome the yeare of grace QoQ, 
 about whiche time according to some writers, but I thinke rather 
 
 Jnas. the yeare 712, Inas, otherwise called lue or lew, a Christian, 
 
 helde the rule of the West Saxons. He set downe certaine laws, 
 the preamble to the whiche is this : Inas by the grace of God king 
 of zcest Saxons, zcith the consultation and advise of Kcured my 
 fathej', Hedda and Erkenwald my Bishoppes, of all my councel- 
 lours and the olde wise men of my people in the greate congregation. 
 of the servauntes of God, did labour to confrme justice and equilie 
 to be executed in my zohole territorie. These particular edictes 
 are not to my purpose to write : but the firste, intituled Of the
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 55 
 
 manner of the living of the ministers of God, toucheth somewhat 
 the matter, which goes thus : First wee commaunde that Gods 
 ministers doe observe the order of life alreadie sette dozcne: and 
 further wee will that to the rest of our people, the lawes and judge- 
 mentes bee in this manner : and so goeth on. This also is alleaged 
 for the confirmation of antiquity of our parhament. I finde that 
 Egbert, who was an under Kyng in West Saxons, was expelled l^-glert. 
 by Brithricus the King there, and fled into Fraunce : but Bri- 
 thricus being poysoned by his wife Ethelburga, Egberte retourn- 
 ed, and obtayned the whole principality, the yere 793, others say 
 802 : and withal brought the most parte of England under his 
 obeysance, tamed the Welchmen, and toke from them Chester, 
 by meanes of which his good fortunes, he called a counsel of hys 
 Lordes at Wynchester, and by their advises and agreements was 
 crowned kyng and chiefs Lord of the land : wherupon he sent 
 forth commaundemente thorowe his country, straightlye charg- 
 ing the people thenceforth to bee called Angles and no more 
 Britains, and the kingdome Anglia and not Britaine. In the 
 yeare 800 (some accompte thirteene lesse) the Danes being also Danes. 
 Paynims firste entred this region, according to the most. The 
 Danes invaded the seconde tymc the yere 838, Athelwolph raygn- 
 ing, who of himselfe first grauntcd the tyth of corne, hay, and 
 cattel to the cleargy. And after toke such fast footing, as they 
 continually infested this Island with crucll wars, usurpation, and 
 conquest, til the death of Hardicanutus or Ilardiknought the last 
 king of that breed. In 1034, some accompt two fewer, Alurod, alias Alured. 
 Alphred before spoken, began to govcrnc the A\ est Saxons, who 
 beyng a most juste Prince, very well learned, and curcfull for the 
 makyng and execution of good lawes, collected and caused to be 
 brought into the Saxon or English tong, all such as by the kings 
 his forgoers were stablished, selecting out of them such as were 
 thought most fit for the govcrnement, confirming them, and 
 secluding the rest, reciting many of the eommamulements and 
 precepts given by God to Movies, and the message that the 
 apostles and elders sent to Ai;tior/ii(i, Sirin, and Cl/icia, \y\ Saint 
 Paul, Barnabas, Judas, and Sila^, toiicliinL', ilie diviTliiig of them- 
 selves, as we have it in the Acts of liie Ap<jslles, and also hy tlie
 
 56 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 assembly and conference of the Bishoppes and other noble and 
 wise counsellours, divers money penalties and others were ap- 
 pointed, and the same not onely declared in their sermons, but 
 also put in writing. He proceedes in the beginning of such as 
 are allowed by him, (In hcec verba) These decrees and ordinawices 
 1 Alured King have gathered together^ and caused to be written, a 
 greate parte whereof y our auncestours have carefully kepte, zcith 
 manye other, that I have thought zeorthye in this our age to be 
 helde and maintained zeith the like observation : and other some 
 which I have thought not to be so needful I have with the conference 
 of considerate counsellors in parte abrogated, and partly established. 
 And by cause it maye seeme a pointe of too much rashness, of a mans 
 owne heade to adde any thing more, also that it is uncertaine what 
 credite our posteritie will give thereto, which we make greate recon- 
 ing of, whatever I have founde zcorth the regarde in the actes of my 
 kynnesman and countryman Inas, o/'Offa the King o/'Mertia, or of 
 Ethelberte, the first christened of the Angles, I have brought toge- 
 ther, omitting the rest. And in the consultation of them, /Alured 
 King of West Saxons, have used the counsell of the gravest of our 
 people, to all the zchiche I have commanded that the same be exe- 
 cuted and kept. Moreover in this kings time, Gutteron, alias 
 Gowthram, alias Gythrun, alias Gurmund, of some named king 
 of Danes, by some king of Denmark e, arrived in this land, and 
 sometime having the better in armes, and sometyme put to the 
 worse, was at the last christened, and named by Alured, Athel- 
 stane, the yere 878, to whom he gave the kingdome of East Eng- 
 land with the governement of Saint Edmundes kingdome, and 
 also some write Northumberland: with whome making league, 
 and agreing in the confynes of their countries, beginnes in this 
 manner, The truce and aliaunce zchich Alured and Guthrun kings 
 have agreed by the advise of the zcise of the English nation, and of 
 all the inhabitauntes of East England, to the zehicJi they not onely 
 for themselves, but also for their children to come are sworne. 
 Edward. Edward, the first before the conquest called Edward the Elder his 
 
 eldest son, beginning to raigne next after him the yeare 900, 
 made and confirmed also certain lawes, the first cliapier whereof 
 is intituled, Of controversie and judgement, and goes thus; I king
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER AF F. A. 57 
 
 Edwarde do againe and againe commaunde all those zrho beare 
 office in the common wealth, that they beare themselves astnuch as in 
 them lies, just judges to all men, as it is written in the Judiciall 
 booke, zcithout j'eare, boldelif and freely, to declare the common 
 lazve, and do appoint denounced daies zcherin they will deale in ererye 
 question and controversie. This Edwarde also confirmed the league 
 with the fornamed Guthrun the Dane in this manner, adding also 
 to the former decrees, by equal consents, these bee the councels, 
 institutes and ordinaunces, whiche firste Alurcd and Gutlirun, then 
 Edwarde and Guthrun kings at those dayes, were agreed on, when 
 both the Danes and English accepted the treaty of peace. Athel- jf/fgisfane 
 stane, King Edwardes eldest sonne, (by whose prowesse and valure 
 it is affirmed thys lande was reduced into one Monarchic againe, 
 layde so sore to the Danes, that since their first landing they 
 were never so harde driven), did also constitute certaine lawes and 
 ordinances, beginning them wyth these wordcs : Athelstane King, 
 by the councel of the grave father Llfhehne Archbishop, and other 
 my Bishops, do will and commaunde to all officers, and such as have 
 charge of Justice. I Athelstane King, give notice to all put in 
 authority in our dominions, that with the advise of Ulfhelme Arch^ 
 bishop, and other Bishops and scrvaunts of God, have ordered and 
 set forth. In the cnde of all he closeth with these wordcs: Thes^ 
 be the ordinances and decrees determined of in the honorable comi- 
 sell of GvM\Xmx\\cnn, tcherc was present A\'olstane the Archbishop, 
 and with him great companic of the best and wisest sor/e called to- 
 gether by Athelstane. The assembly parted, the king had en- 
 quired how the peace was kept among his people, and fynding it 
 and justice snially to hys mind dealt, injoyned more laws to hi^ 
 first, and thus shewes the cause: J Athelstane King, zcill all 
 men to know, that having demanded why our peace is not mauley iicd 
 according to my rom/iiaundeme/it and (he decree at Grantamlean, 
 / am certejied from the e.ipcrienccd of my doaii/iions, (hat (lie same 
 is happened by my ovenniiehe sujj'eranee and remlxsnesse in punish- 
 ing. Hut now a( i'hri^dnas laat a( Eieier, being a((en(leii on xiidi 
 grave wise men whoia 1 found aiosl readye (o \e/i(are (heir JtunUte, 
 themselves, wives and ehildje/t, (o mos( grea(e luiiarde ; (Iial (hese 
 peace breakers migh( ut(erlywi(lan(( re(oi(/ uing be eipelled (he I'liide.
 
 58 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 Edmunde. The yeare 946, Edmund his brother beganne to rule after him, 
 
 in whose time the Danes held Lincolne, Nottingham, Darby, 
 Stafford, and Leicester : who also erecting and confirming lawes, 
 shewes this, by whom they were consented on, Edmund King 
 held the solempne Feasfe of Easter at London, where were mette a. 
 great companie of the Cleargie and laity, among whom were Oda 
 and Wolstane Archbishoppes, and many other Bishoppes, to provide 
 for their soules health, and theirs whom they had the cure of: And 
 in an other place, / Edwarde, King, to all bothyong and olde in my 
 jurisdiction give knowledge, that I in the solempne assemblie of the 
 best seene of my kingdome, as well ecclesiastical as temporal, have 
 carefully enquired, and sofoorth. 
 
 Edgar. King Edgar his seconde sonnc, the yeare 959, was likewise a 
 
 lawe maker, and thus entitles them : The knees wliiche I Edgar 
 King, in the frequented senate, to the glory of God, the dignity of 
 my Majestie, and the prof te of the common wealth have past. 
 
 Ethelred. Etheldred, or Eldred, or Egelred, the second son of Edgar, 
 
 the yeare 979, by the murder of Edward his elder brother, 
 named the Martire, came to the crown, in whose time the Danes 
 so entred this land, as ere they had done : the king fledde into 
 Normandy, and left his kingdome to Swanus, the Tyrant 
 Dane, after whose decease retourning, he not long after died : 
 hee also being doing with lawes, termes them thus : The coiin- 
 cel of grave fathers which king Ethelred had at Wood'itock in 
 Marciaybr the preservation of the peace, whiche is governed by the 
 English lawes: at the ende of suche perticulers as are agreed on, 
 he concludes in this maner : This our commaundement and de- 
 cree if any shall neglect, &)C. He shall pay to the king one hundred 
 tzcenfy shillings. There was a league made also by the said King 
 with the army of Aulavus, Justinus, and Gustimundus the sonnes 
 of Stegetie the Dane, and goes thus : The agreement or part ichich 
 once or of late king Ethelred by the advise of his icise confederates 
 with them aforesayde did enter in. 
 
 Edmunde. His sonne Edmund, surnamed Ironside, parted the Realme 
 
 with Canutus or Knought King of Denmark, who being slayn by 
 the treason of Edrickc, Canutus enjoyed the whole principality : 
 and tho Swanus were the firste Danish King here, yet held hee
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 59 
 
 not the kingdome so absolutely as this man did. Hee made more 
 lawes than anye one before him, which arc thus intituled : T/ie 
 decrees uhich Canutus, king of English, Danesy and Norwayes, at 
 Winchester at Christmas hath appointed by the advise of men of 
 knotcledge, to the honour of the God of heaven, the renonme of the 
 kings Majestic, and the benefte of the common wealth. Againe in 
 an Other place he useth these wordes : These are the humaine and 
 lawes politique, wherin using the counsel of the wise, I command 
 to be kept thorough Englcytde. Hee began to raigne alone the 
 yeare of grace 10 IQ^ 
 
 Edwarde the Confessour after Hardikenitus the last king of the Edwarde. 
 Danish bloud, in 1043, began to raigne : he founded many hole- 
 some lawes, and was the firste erector, as it is written, of the com- 
 mon law, whych William Conqueror did after confirme, wherof 
 this I finde. After the conquest of England, the foresayde King 
 William, the fourth yere of his raigne, by the persuasion, advise 
 and councel of his nobility, did summon throughout his land the 
 nobles, the governours, the grave heads, and the Learned in the 
 lawe, to hcare of them their rights, customes and ordinances, 
 whereof chosing twelve of every county, who taking their otlies 
 before the king, directly, truely, and so forth, to shew and declare 
 the same, they brought the lawes of Saint Edward as we have 
 them now, and the king established them in that manner. 
 
 The Conqueror hymselfe began to rule this Ihmde 10G6, TVilHam 
 (some reckon a yeare more) who also adding ccrtaine ordinaunces ""y""""'- 
 in the cntrauncc, hath these wordes : Here beginneth what William 
 king of the Englishe nation, after the conquest, zcith his nobility 
 hath appointed to he perfourmcd. I rcade that Henry the ^m Henry i. 
 his Sonne, who governed after William llufus his brother, did at 
 the beginning of his raign lighten the great exactions imposed by 
 his father and brother, reduced and amended Saint Edwards 
 lawes, whichc as it sliould sccme, were eytluT forgotten, or would 
 not be remcnibrc'.'l, I'or all tlu! fathers eondrination (or rallier shew 
 therof) reformed measures, and apovnted directions to be ol)served. 
 Al)Oute the thyrtiih yeare of liys raigne lice lielde a counsel at 
 LoikKju, wherin it was i bought good, he siu)]d have the Cleargy 
 within ills censure. Maude tiie Empress his daughter, lirst nuir-
 
 60 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 rved to Henrie the Fourth Emperor of Almayne, and afterwards 
 to Geffrey Plantagenet Erie of Anjou, (the 3 1 st of his raigne) had 
 bv hir husbande shortly after a son named Henrie, upon the 
 knowledge wherof he called his nobles together, and decreed, 
 that his daughter and the heirs of hir body shoulde succeede him 
 in the Kyngdome. Grafton in the thirteenth yere of this King, 
 in his Cronicle saith thus : And in this time began the Parliament 
 in Englande Jirste to be instituted and ordeyned for reformation 
 and governement of this Realme. The manner zchereof (as I have 
 found it set out in an olde pamflet) I intende at large to set foorth 
 in the raigne of King Edwarde the thirde, when and zchere Parlia- 
 ments zvere yearely and orderly kepte. The whiche I sought to 
 finde, but promise was not kepte. Turning his booke, I founde 
 in his preface to the Reader these wordes : And where I have in 
 the \3th yere of King Henry the frste promised to place the maner 
 and oi'der that first was taken for the holding of the Parliatnente, 
 in the time of King Edwarde the thirde, I have sith that tymefor 
 sundry good causes thought meete to omit the same, and therefore 
 admonish the Reader not to looke for it. Hereof judge you, and 
 if you wyll have hys reason, he is not far to seke. 
 
 Stephen. Stephen in a manner no sole sybbe to the Crowne, the righte 
 
 heyres being alive, was by the nobilitye admitted King. In hys 
 time the Empress by the aide of hyr Basterd brother Robert Earle 
 of Gloucester, the civill warres grew great, wherin the King being 
 taken, and who now but the Empress, as it were confirmed ac- 
 cording to hir just title: she was moved for the restitution of 
 Saint Edwards Lawes, but shee was deafe on that side. The last 
 yeare of thys Kings time, he and Henrie the Empress sonne, 
 grew to communication and agreement. The King commaunded 
 his Lordes to assemble at Winchester, where Duke Henrie was 
 honorably receyved, and there it was agreed he siioulde adopte 
 the Duke hys sonne, and confirme to him the Crowne of Eng- 
 lande after his deceasse. 
 
 Henry 2. Henry the second, hys follower in tlic govcrneniciit, of another 
 
 clayme, helde a councel at the beginning of his raign at U alling- 
 fordc, \vhere the Barons were sworne to the Kiiiij;;. The evijlit 
 yere of his raigne, he caused all the subjects to swcare fealty to
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 61 
 
 his Sonne Henrye, touching the inherytaunce. In the ninth yearc 
 Fabian sayeth the kyng called a Parliament at Northampton, 
 and so termed it, (as also in some other places he doeth Councels 
 and calling togethers of the Lordes by the prynce) wherin himselfe 
 
 vouches, nothing was done, but a pretence to reforme and some- 
 what gelde the prevelegcs of the Cleargy. The same time a coun- 
 cel was helde at Claringdone, and before the King, the Bishoppes 
 and nobilitie were sworne, to keep and confirme many decrees and 
 ordinaunces. John Stow writes in his Summary of the Cronicles of 
 Englande, that the 34, of his ragne, at Geklington about ten miles 
 from Northamton, he shoulde holde a Parliament touching a 
 voyage to be taken to the holy lande. But if you consider the 
 haste the king made thether, the state at that present he stode in, 
 the place, the shortnesse of the time, and the matters there com- 
 muned of, you shall finde that in terming this or such like con- 
 sultation Parliaments, Maister Fabian, Stow, Harding, and other 
 Englishe writers do rather use the worde (as in deede it is proper, 
 where any conference is) than that it carries with it, where it 
 comes, the same to be understood to be the greate Courte of Par- 
 liament, in such general forme and universal manner, as nowe and 
 since the time of Kyng Henrie the thyrde, we have and do use it, 
 as you knowe the worde is Frenche, and this much importeth, 
 A debating together, A conference, A consultation, A conferring, 
 An enterspeech, A comfnunication, A discoursing one with another, 
 which may bee as well with Ten for the worde, as with Ten score. 
 
 Kyng Richard the first, in the eighte yeare of hys raigne, re- jHchard i. 
 tourning from the holy lande, his brother John, in his absence 
 usurping the Crowne, summoned a counsell of hys Lords at Win- 
 chester, where by auctority of the said councel bee deprived iiis 
 brother of all dignityc, preferments, and landcs, wliyche before 
 hee hadde bestowed on hym. 
 
 After Richards deceasse he possessed the Crowne, and in the John. 
 firste and thirdc yeare by the holding of two counsels (as some 
 affirme) hee had certaine exactions agreed uppon, for the main- 
 tenaunce of his wars : others write, tlmt of iiinisclfe hee levied 
 the sayd summes. Tlic eleventh ycari^ all men toke the othes of 
 AUtgeance to hym from twelve yeres upward. The fourteentii 
 
 K
 
 60, ADMONITION BY THE FxVTHER OF T. A; 
 
 yeie (here is some difference for the yere) the Lordes and Barons 
 required the use of Saint Edwardes Lawes, and the revoking of 
 other wicked ordinaunces, the which he, not harkening to, the 
 civil warre begonne; yet at Barhamdowne the king and nobihtie 
 meeting, they confirmed so much, as they departed quietly. The 
 sixteenth of his raigne, the king being slowe to performe that 
 which he was brought to, perforce, the nobiHty toke them againe 
 to amies, and so hardlye sette him, as in a meadowe betweene 
 Windsor and Staynes in a manner Nolens, volens, bee graunted 
 their Hberties : and the Charter for their confirmation thereof, 
 is dated at Hune meade, between the places before named, to the 
 which all the Realme was sworne. In the same yere the Lords 
 perceiving the Kings disposition, to shifte from that bee hadde 
 agreed on, sente into Fraunce for Lezces the sonne of Philip the 
 Frenche King, who arriving here, was receyved by the Barons 
 and Londoners honorably, who sware fealty to him, and did him 
 homage, and then all with one crye they seeke oute the king, who 
 being at Winchester, was driven to flje, whyche towne yeelded 
 and was sworn to Lezces, whether also repayred in a maner all 
 the nobility. For all this sturre, King John procured the Pope 
 by meanes of Pandolphe the legate, to dispence with his othe, to 
 reverse the Charter and liberties graunted, and also excommuni- 
 cate the Barons and Frenchmen. 
 IIiHri/3. Henrie his sonne, of the age of nine yeres, yong enough for 
 
 to take the charge of a Kingdome, and specially during such gar- 
 boyles, yet by the good governmeiite of Marshal Erie of Pen- 
 broke, many of the Lordes drewe to him, and very shortly after 
 Lezces was driven to leave the land, and being released of his 
 excommunication, the peace was agreed on the ninth yeare of his 
 raigne, of his age the sevcntenth, or thereabout. At the motion 
 of the Archbishoppe of Caunterbury and other the Lordes, the 
 king graunted and confirmed the greate Charter : whereupon (as 
 1 can gather by some records) the warde and mariage of our chil- 
 dren was graunted to the kins; and his successours: the twelfth 
 yeare the king refused to perfourme the liberties and Charter 
 graunted as before, for that the ratification past in his minoritie, 
 and that now being of full yeres to beare the sway himselfe, hee
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 6J 
 
 woulde bee better advised. The twentith of his raigne is found 
 the first Parliament of name and record, and yet not to be so 
 thought a Parliament as now we use ours. It is entituled, The 
 statuts made at Merton. And further he says, It was provided in 
 the Courte of our soveraigne Lord the ki?tg holden at Merton the 
 inorrowe after the ticentith day o/" Saint Vincent, the twentith yere 
 of the raigne of King Henrie the son of King John, before William 
 Archbishoppe of Caunterburie and other his Bishoppes and sujfra- 
 ganes, and before the greater parte of the Earles and Barons of 
 England there assembled, &ic. without addition of the thyrde state 
 of this land. Also you have a statute made the yeare after, 
 entituled ybr the leape yeare, beginning, The King unto the justices 
 of his Bench greeting. The 42d yere, or after some the 41st, the 
 barons unwillingly bearing the kings driving off for the restitution 
 of certaine auncient lawes, there was a Parliament at Oxforde, 
 which was called the madde Parliament, yet not so mad, but the 
 king, his brother king of Romains, and Edward his sonne, must 
 and did agree thereto, tho much against their willes, bycause 
 many matters were ordcyncd greatly and too much against the 
 kings prerogative, for the sure establishing and execution whereof, 
 there were twelve peercs appointed, who had the charge and auc- 
 tority to see the ordinaunces made, maintayned. Whether for the 
 small worthynesse of the lawes, or the disorder in making, or the 
 shortuesse of the continuaunce 1 knowc not, but I finde not any 
 of those statutes with the rest which are rekened to be Kins: 
 Henrie the thirds. These twelve noble men v^'cre no soncr in 
 commission, but they began roughly, presently exiling ibure of 
 the Kings brethren by the mother. The 43d and 44th yere of his 
 raigne there were certaine assemblies, sometime of the nobility 
 without the King, and of the king without the Lordes, without 
 any mention of our thirde interest, and all called Parliaments. 
 Thys yere in a Folkmote at London were all above twelve veres 
 sworne to the king. In the 45th yeare he had obtained from 
 Rome a dispensation for his othc, and all others of his, which he 
 and they had taken I'or the maintcnani-e of Oxiorde folly; The 
 p<;eres during this pastime, unwitting and innvilling the kyng, 
 discharged Hugh le Spencer chic l"e .luslicc, and put an other in
 
 ()4 ADMONITION BY THE FATIIEK OF F. A. 
 
 his place, expelled officers and Sherifes admitted by the king, and 
 appointed other to supplie their romes. Further, the king was 
 grownd to harde termes, which was, hee shoulde not passe over 
 the Seas having large Territories in other countries, without 
 licence obtained, as in this yeare appeareth. The next yeare as 
 before in the 44th, were all men in London above twelve yeares 
 of age sworne to the king and his successours. The 47th of his 
 raigne, the barons armed themselves, the Kyng and Queene fled 
 from the tower to Windsor, and by the way were too unkindly 
 used by the Londoners. The King and Lords fell to agreement 
 (as Fabian writes) and were contented to be ordered by the doome 
 of the French king who they agreed to be judge betweene them : 
 the king, giving sentence, the Barons refuse, and fall to war. The 
 yeare following, the King, his brother and sonne were taken in the 
 Battayle at Lewes, by meanes whereof the king grauntes anew 
 the confirmation of the former statutes : and till matters accord- 
 ingly be pcrfourmed. Prince Edwarde, and the king of Romaines 
 sonne, remayncs pledges wyth the Barons. The 49th yeare 
 Prince Edwarde being delivered, a Parliament or rather a counsell 
 (bycause I finde no statute thereof) was helde at Winchester, and 
 all matters and decrees passed at Oxforde were utterly undone, 
 revoked, and called in, and all writings and assuraunces sealed for 
 the same, were cancelled and defaced. You have certaine sta- 
 tutes concluded, I thinke, at Winchester, in your firste volume, 
 made in the yeare 51 of thys king, in all the which you finde no 
 other wordes for the moste parte : but the king zcilleth or he com- 
 maiindeth : Unlesse lice firste allcadge an inconvenience happen- 
 ed, which to redresse, he uses. It is therefore provided and or- 
 dained. The yeare after there were certain statutes passed at 
 Marlebridge or Marleborowe, where you have this beginning : 
 The yeare of grace 1267, the loth yeare of the raigne of king Henry, 
 Sonne of king John, in the Vtas of Saint Martine, for the better 
 estate of the Realme of England, and for the more speedie admini- 
 stration of justice, as belongeth to the of ice of a king, the more dis- 
 crete men of the Realme being called together, as zeeil of the higher 
 as of the lower estate, it was, &^c. In ail these statutes no word of 
 enacted or ordained by the aucthority of this present Parliament,
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 65 
 
 6^c. is founde, but it is provided and agreed, whiche shall be and 
 shall not bee, as the matter which is stablished doth importe. 
 In the ende of these lawes and decrees, and conclusion of agree- 
 ment beetweene the king and his subjectes, the Bishoppes doe 
 pronounce all men accurssed who shall go about to breake, in- 
 fringe or alter the liberties and free customes conteyned in the 
 Charters of common liberties and of the Forest, &,c. The preamble 
 to the which Charters is in this manner : Henrie hi/ the grace of 
 God, 8fc. To all Archbishoppes, ^c. our faithfull subjects greting: 
 know yee that zcee unto the honor of Almighty God, and for the 
 salvation of the soules of our progenitors and successours kings of 
 Englande, to the advauncement of holy Church, and amendement of 
 our Realme, of our mere and free will have given and graunted, S^c. 
 
 Edwarde his sonne confirmed these Charters graunted by hys Edward i. 
 father, and the thyrde yeare of his raigne helde a Parliament, 
 wherein were made divers statutes, and thus it saith : These be the 
 actes of King Edward sonne to King Henry, at the frst Parlia- 
 ment general after his coronation, on the Monday of Easter Utas, 
 the thirde yeare of his raigyie, by his councel, and by the assente of 
 the Archbishoppes, Bishops, Abbots, Pryors, Erles, Barons, and 
 all the comunaltie of the Realme being thether sommoned, S^c. And 
 for divers considerations named, the booke sayth, The king hath 
 ordeyned and established these Actes underwritten, whiche he en- 
 tendeth to be necessary and profitable uiUo the whole Realme. 
 And in the first Chapter, First the king willeth and commaundeth, 
 &;c. The yeare following, other statutes were set downe, by this 
 Authority: In the presence of certaine reverende fathers, Bishoppes 
 of England, and others of the Kinges councell, the constitutions 
 under zvritten were recited, and after hearde and published before 
 the King and his councell, for asmuch as all the kinges councell, as 
 well Justices as others, did agree that they shoulde bee put in writ- 
 ing for a perpetuall memory, and that they shoulde bee stedfastlye 
 observed. The next yeare hee made certaine lawes at Gloucester, 
 and hath thus , For the great mischiefes, &;c. Our soveraign lord 
 the kin(r for the amendment of the land, 6)C. hath provided and 
 established these Actes underwritten, willing and comiiianding that 
 from henceforth they bee firmely observed within this Realme.
 
 (^ ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 In the ende of the Chapters of the same Parliament there is an 
 explanation of it, termed, Expositions upon the Statute of Glou- 
 cester, which begin : Afterwarde by the king our soveraigne Lorde 
 and his Justices, certaine exjwsitions were made upon some of the 
 Ai-ticles above mentioned, See. The seventh yeare other statutes 
 were made : the notice of the first was given to the Justices of the 
 Kings Bench, with thys preamble : Edwarde, by the grace of God 
 King of Englande, Lorde of Ireland, Duke of Aquitaine, to his 
 justices of his benche greeting. Whereas, ^c. as it folowes in the act. 
 And now in our Parliament at Westminster, after the said treatise 
 the prelats, erles, barons, and the communaltie of our realme there 
 assembled, S)'c. zee commaunde you that you cause these things to be 
 redde before you in the said bench, and there to be enrolled. The 
 9th, the 11th, 13th, in the whiche he had three Parliaments as it 
 seemeth, the first wherin the statute of Acton Burnel was made^ 
 tlic second, he helde the parliament at Westminster, wherin very 
 many statutes passed, the thirde was at Westminster, the 18th, the 
 20th, 21st, 24th, 25th, 27th, 28th, 29th, 30th, 33d, and the 34th 
 yere, there were statutes made as appears by the records, in all 
 which these wordes passe of Aucthoritie for enacting and confir- 
 mation : The King hath commaunded. Our soveraigne lorde the king 
 hath ordained. The king chargeth all his justices, uppon their j^a it lies 
 and othes that they ozce him, that they shall see this and that exe- 
 cuted according to the statutes: It is provided: our soveraigne 
 Lorde the King to abate the pozcer of fellons, hath established a 
 payne in this case, and for asmuch as the king xoill not that his 
 people should be sodainelye impoverished by reason of this penaltie, 
 that seemeth verie harde to many. The king graunteth. The king 
 and his councell at his Parliament holden at Acton Burnel hath 
 ordeined these establishments. Our soveraigne Lorde the king at his 
 Parliament holden at Westminster in the eightenth of his raign, of 
 his special grace and for the singular affect io)i that he beareth unto 
 his prelates, Erles, and Barons, and other of his Realme, hath 
 graunted. WhereJ'ore our soveraigne Lorde the king considering 
 J'raude, 6)-c. hath streightly commaunded : our soveraigne Loi'de the 
 King in his fill Parliamente holden the day after the Jeaste of the 
 Purijicalion, in the tnentith yere oj^ his raigne, by a general councel
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 67 
 
 hath ordained, and from henceforth hath commaunded to he 
 straightly observed. Our soveraigne Lorde the king at his Parlia- 
 ment after Easter the list yeare of his raigne, at the instance of' 
 the nobles of his Realme hathe graunted and commaunded, too bee 
 from henceforth firmely observed. 11 e have also ordeined by the ad- 
 vise of our councell at the Parliament of our soveraigne Lorde the 
 King hoi den at Lincolne in the Ulas of Saint Hillarie, the tzcentith 
 yere of his raigne, of his councel it zcas agreed, and also commaunded 
 by the king himself e, it is provided by a common accorde: He zcill 
 and graunt that this statute shall take ejfect : it as agreed that such 
 a writ of Indicavi, shall not be graunted. In the 34th yere of his 
 governcment, and last statutes the first Chapter, he graunteth in 
 this manner: No Tallage or aide shall be taken or levied by us or 
 our heyrs in our Realme, zcithout the good zcill and assent of Arch- 
 bishoppes, Bishoppes, Earles, Barons, Knightes, Burgesses, and 
 other freemen of the lande. The fourtli Chapter, he sayth thus: 
 We zcill and grauntefor us and our heires, that all Clarks and lay- 
 men of our lande shall have their Lazces, liberties, &;c. as zahen they 
 had them best, and if any statutes have bin made by us and our 
 auncesters, or any customes brought in contrary to them, or any 
 manner Articles conteined in this present Charter, zee zcill atul 
 graunte that such manner of statutes and customes shall be voide 
 and frustrate for evermore. In the sixth Chapter, where there is 
 u curse set for the not pcrformaunce of the premisses, he hath. In 
 uitnesse of zchich thing ice have set our Seale to this present Charter, 
 togither zdth the Archbishops, Bishoppes, S<c. which voluntarily 
 have szcorne, that as much as in them is, they shall observe the 
 tenour of this present Charter in all causes, S\x. 
 
 Edward his sonne (as 1 finde in your printed bookc) made EJnard c. 
 many statutes in his first yearc, his ninth, his tenth, his twelfth, 
 his fifteenth, his seventeenth, his eighteenth, in all the wliiche he 
 uses the like manner of wordes, as for the most parte be recyted 
 before. As Our soverai<Tne Lord the kin<r hath <rrau)ited : Our 
 soveraigne Lord the king zcilleth and comnuuuleth : The king de- 
 < teeth, this is added of new. By the kings comwel. Also it is de- 
 fired that our soveraigne Lorde the King, and the greate men of the 
 Realme do not charge, S'c. Our soveraigne Lorde the king intend-
 
 63 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 ing to avoyde and oschew such evil oppressions, Sfc. By the assent 
 of his prelates, Barons, and other greate estates, hath ordained, S^c. 
 It is provided by our soveraigne Lord the King and his Justices, 
 and also graunted unto the Citizens of London, &;c. And also 
 Forasmuch as some points of the statutes heretofore made hadde 
 neede of exposition, our soveraigne Lord the King, Edward sonne to 
 king Edvvarde, desiring that right bee done to his people, at his par- 
 liamente holden at Yorke the thirde tceeke after thefeaste of Saint 
 Michael, the twelfth yere of hys raigne, by the assente of the pre- 
 lates, Earles, Barons, and communaltye of his Realme there as- 
 sembled, S)~c. We will also, that this our ordinaunce shall take 
 effect, S^c. But specially be it commaunded on the behalfe of our 
 soveraigne Lorde the king, by the consent of the whole Realme. 
 
 The measure of our soveraigne Lorde the king was made, &c. 
 in the twentith yeare of his raigne, by some of his nobility and 
 Isabel his queene (badde Lords and worse wife), as their doings in 
 other cases after declared. He was imprisoned, and thereupon a 
 Parliament was called, where Edwarde the Kyngs sonne, not yet 
 of the age of fourteene yeares, was elected by the common de- 
 cree, king in his fathers rome, and in the name of the whole par- 
 liament, as it remaynes in some Authors : divers of the cleargye 
 and of the nobilitie were sente to the quondam King, to shewe 
 him their determination : who seing no remedie, and smaller hope 
 of recovery of his former estate, renounced wyllingly (when he 
 could do no other) his interest and principality. If you will have 
 this a lawfull and full parliament, I must pray God to kepe us 
 from many of them, bycause of the hardnesse of the example : 
 for the king was badlye murdred, within lesse than a yeare after, 
 and yet you see what words of Aucthority it hath. 
 Ldwardo. Edwarde the thirde helde the crowne fifty yeares and odde 
 
 moneths, and had in his lime 26 Parliaments at the leaste, in some 
 of the whichc there was not above one statute made, and that of 
 no greate importance. In the first Parliament the bookes goe 
 upon certaine petitions and requestes made to him. That is: the 
 king in the saide Parliament upon such Articles above rehearsed, 
 by the common councel of the prelates, Erles, Barons, and other 
 greate men, and by the communaltie of the Realme there being by
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A, 69^ 
 
 Jiis commaundemente, hathe provided, ordained, &;c. the same Ses- 
 sions at the request of the communahy of his Real me, by their 
 petition made before him and his councel in the ParUament, by 
 assent of the Prelates, Erles, Barons, and other great men assem- 
 bled at the sayde Parliament, hath graunted for him and his 
 heires, &c. and so proceedes to graunt and confirme alwaies the 
 liberties of the greate Charter and the Charter of the Forest, 
 wherof for the most part there is mention first made in everye 
 Parliamente, in all the whiche (fewe excepted) hee uses these 
 wordes or such like, and specially till his 14th yere, in which he 
 had a liberal extraordinary ayde or subsidy graunted hym, jBy 
 the assent of his Prelates, Erles, </ Barons, and other noble men 
 of his Realme : and at the requeste of the commons, after many 
 times he puts in, The consente of the Commons, whole commons, 
 full parliament, and that chiefelye when as he obtained of them 
 subsidie, taske, fifteenth, disme, or custome, as if you turne the 
 recordes you shall fynd : and yet oite he names them not at all 
 but hath thus : Councel and treatie thereupon had with the Juries, 
 Barons, and our zcise men of our saide Realme, S(c. We consider- 
 ing, SjC, have had thereupon deliberation and treatie with the Pre- 
 lates, and the nobles and wise men assisting us, of whose mutual 
 councel it is ordeyned, 8fc. ofte putting in With the assent of the 
 commons, oftner, at their request and petition, whiche he uses not 
 when they graunted him subsidie, taxe, ayde, custome, fifteenth, 
 tenthes or lone. But then the statutes carried these words, JVith 
 the consent of the commons, whiche they well deserved. And also 
 deedes of congratulation as well as allowance in termes, for like 
 moste liberal, dutiful!, and considerate Subjects (I will thinke) 
 willingly did graunte their large contrybutions, no larger tlian 
 often, nor ofter than needeful considering the divers wars of their 
 prince, they did ninteene times bestowe towardes his charges tiieir 
 mony helpc (if I did put in more, as I suppose I shouldc not lye, 
 so should 1 not incurre any oifence) and that divers of thcni to 
 continue two yeres, three yeres, and sixe yeres. A newe kynde 
 of willing duty, if you loke how alwaycs before, like matters in a 
 maner were perforce extorted from them. In lieu whereof, as a 
 grulious prince thankefully accepting their doings, as good cause 
 
 L.
 
 70 .ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 he had, gave them at the least nine general pardons^ with some 
 exceptions, yet not many. And whereas for the most part the 
 Wolles of this lande before other commodities were most exacted 
 of, in his 36th yeare it was enacted, that no subsidie nor other 
 charge shoulde be sette nor graunted uppon the Wooles by the 
 Marchants, nor by any other from thenceforth, without the assent 
 of the Parliament : rare presidents to finde before the conquest 
 in William Conquerors time, or since in a manner at all till this 
 kings dayes. 
 Richard 2. Richard the second, his successor, helde even on as his 
 
 Graundfather began, had almoste, every yeare a Parliament, ac- 
 cording to the statuts, that there shoulde bee one yearely at the 
 leaste. In the beginnings of all the whiche, almost the great 
 Charter, and that of the Forest, with all Liberties to holy churches, 
 fraunchises, &c. were granted, stablished, and confirmed, and the 
 authority of passing the actes, is as you have in his predecessors 
 time Edward the thyrde, sometime with one manner of words, 
 and sometime another. He had very many, free and bountiful 
 aydes of his subjects by mony, in number for hys two and twenty 
 yeares time, no whit wanting with his Graundfathers, and likewise 
 by diverse pardons he declared his good accepting of them. 
 H'.nry 4. Kyng Henry the fourth, first Erie of Darby, then Duke of 
 
 Herfordc by his fiither John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster, the 
 fourth begotten son of king Edward the second, also invested 
 with the title of that Dukedome, no more against king Richards 
 wyll, than against lawe, ryght and justice, did clayme the Crowne, 
 and at London called a Parliament in king Richards name, as 
 much without his direction, as without just authority, and howe 
 far wythout the full partes of an Englishe Parliament, which wee 
 brag of and justly may, I referre niee to the judgement of deeper 
 heades than mine owne. \n this Parliament forsooth is thirty-one 
 Articles at the leaste layde to our Kyng Richardc, a shrewd and 
 an unaccustomed president. Well, it was thouglu by the most 
 parte that he was worthy to be deposed, and provision according 
 was provided. But King Richardes iViendcs going to bed with- 
 out candel, when none was to be had, perswaded their maister to 
 yeeld (contented) the Crowne from his heade, whiche otherwise
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 71 
 
 woulde liave byn snatched off perforce, and brought the skyn 
 with it. He doth resign, he craves Ufe without raigne, it is libe- 
 berally granted, but more liberally broken with hasty and shame- 
 ful slaughter; as who searches shall find, to whom I rather 
 commit the reading, than I to call to remembrance such unduti- 
 ful hard dealing, and specially when the Parliament hath any 
 interest in the same, or should be noted with error. This Henrio 
 the fourth raigned thirtcene yeares and somewhat more, in whose 
 time there was almost every yeare a Parliament, in all the which 
 for the most parte, first the Charters and liberties be confirmed to 
 all men, and the Actes be thus aucthorized, Henrie by the Grace 
 of God, &;c. of the assent of the Prelates, Dukes, Erles, Barons, 
 and at the instant and special request of the commons of the same 
 JRealme, assembled at his Parliament holden at Westminster, Sfc. 
 All establishments, confirmations, and makings of statuts in his 
 time, you shall finde still at the request, ernest instance and prayer 
 of the commons, yet was he king, as you have hearde, and in the 
 first yeare of hys raigne he had such a heavy taxe graunted him, 
 as it was conditioned it should not be recorded for a president : 
 divers others he reaped the benefit of, and retourned also sundry 
 pardons to the freeing of many of his subjectes. 
 
 His Sonne Henrie, was Kyng nine yeares and somewhat more, Henry 3. 
 and yerely (as it seemes) helde a Parliamente, but hys sixt yeare, 
 in all which wherin the commons were named, he saytli as before, 
 for himselfe and the Lords he hath at the special instance and re- 
 quest of the Commons in the same Parliament, 6^c. Hath don to be 
 ordained, S^x. The liberties of holy Churches, the Charters and 
 privileges are enacted and agreed soundely to abide in force. I 
 can not perceive for all his great conquest and warres in Fraunce, 
 that he troubled his Subjectes in a manner at all to speake of, 
 wyth Taxe or Subsidie. That small ayde hee had, rose (as I can 
 gather) of some Tenths, and Fifteenthes, that were graunted him. 
 And yet did he for custome, curtcsic, or congratulation sake, also 
 iinparK,' his pardons. 
 
 He left his sonne Henrie in his ])]ace, being but cighte ^^""7/ f- 
 moncthcs olde, during whose raitiiie, the Purliamentes were very 
 ihicke hcldc, as in the furnier times. As thys Prince was very
 
 7^ ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF P. A. 
 
 yong at the death of his father, so was he when he came to age, 
 more given to quietnesse and religion, than to worldly aftayres or 
 weapons : And therefore it may be gathered, that the nobility and 
 commons stoode not in doubt of the infringing by him of great 
 Charters, and liberties. Wherefore they labored not every Par- 
 liament, the confirmation of them ; as in his Predecessoi"s time 
 they did : for in his Parliaments wee finde no suche mention 
 made of them, as usually is had before his governement : for 
 making of Lawes, most commonly I see. Our soveraigne Lord 
 king Henry the sixth, at his Parliamente, 8^c. By the advise and 
 assente of the Lordes spirituall and temporal, and at the speciall 
 request of the commons of the Realme, being in the same Parlia- 
 ment, have done to be made, S^c. There is also. Our soveraigne 
 Lord King Henrie, S)'c. For the weale of hiin and of his Realme, 
 hy the advise and assent of the lords spiritual and temporal and the 
 commons of the same Parliament assembled, hath made, ordayned, 
 Sfc. This last manner of mencioning the commons, is in the 
 middle of the kings raign, which might proceede of some occa- 
 sions, which yourselfe maye finde out, if you tourne over the cro- 
 nicles ; (I take it needlesse to be written). In the thirtie-third 
 yeare of his raigne, there was something enacted in a Parliament 
 touching the Lord Richard Duke of Yorke, and also in another, 
 in his thirtie-third yere, concerning the same Prince, which I 
 cannot be perswaded that King Henrie de mero motu consented 
 to, I do not understande that he burdened his subjects in a man- 
 ner at all with exactions, for all his continuall and greate warres 
 in Fraunce, but rather contented himselfe with the losse, and so 
 far, as in less than fortie yeres he forewent the Crowne of Fraunce 
 abroade, and lost his kingdome of Englande at home: And tho 
 by hys friendes he recovered the one againe, yet woulde it not be 
 kept, but hee that received it firstc, efte obtayned it, so that Kyng 
 Henrie was deprived the second time not only of hys regalt}^, but 
 presently of his life. 
 Edward 4. Edward Earlc of March, riglite heiic of the house of Yorke, 
 
 was the man that Kinged it in King Ilcniies ronie, and so con- 
 tinued it twent\'-two yeares, and somewhat more, during which 
 governement he hadde at leaste tenne Parliaments, in all the
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 73 
 
 "which hee names his auctority, and the nobilityes advise and con- 
 sent, and the instance and request of the commons, but only in 
 the Parhamcnte the thirde yeare of his raigne, wherin he says, 
 At the Parliament summoned at Westminster, S^c. the thirde yeare 
 of king Edwarde the fourth after the conquest, divers statutes, Ss'c. 
 Bi/ the advise and assent of his Lordes, spiritual and temporal, and 
 the commons of' the same Parliament assembled, and hy auctority 
 of the same zcere made, S)C. During which Sessions he had granted 
 him by statute the tonnage and pondage of wines and wayrcs, 
 not for a yeare or two, but during hys naturall Hfe. In his second 
 3'eare he had hberally yeeldcd him large summes upon his privy 
 Scales : he had also divers fifteenes, loanes, and benevolences. 
 In his first Parliament, Charters, privilcdges and liberties were 
 confirmed. But I see no stoare of gcncrall pardons in hys time, 
 although it was and had byn a busye age, by meanes of the quar- 
 rel betwene the two great houses of Yorke and Lancaster. 
 
 His brother Uichard by the unkinde making away of his ne- Richard 3. 
 phewcb ruled the rost two ycres, two moneths, and a day, whose 
 statutes are enacted, as before, at the requeste of the commons of 
 the same llealme, yet sought hee by all the favourable waves hee 
 coulde, to purchase hymselfe naturall subjects, though he unnatu- 
 ral Iv came to the kinsrdome. 
 
 Henrie the seventh after him obtained the Crowne, (in the Henri/ 7. 
 beginning as it were by force, next confirmed by tlie marryagc 
 of Elizabetli eldest daughter to Edwarde the fourth), who called 
 divers Parliaments, and in them all takes this course of auctority 
 for cnactino; of the statutes of the same. The Kiii<y our soieraiunt 
 lord, Henry the seventh, S^c. in the first yere of his rai<yiie, (0 the 
 honor of (jod and liohj church, and for the common projilc of (he 
 licalnic, Inj lite assent of the Lords spiritual and temporal^ and (he 
 commons in the same Parliament assembled, and by auctority of' the 
 same Parliament, hath done to be made certaine statutes, S,'c. He 
 had ^un(hy exactions, sul)>i(lies, and beuiAolcnces, whcrof ensued 
 some dangerous and troublesome civil warr("-, l)csidcs the {)utting 
 in execution of many penal statutes, moic profitable to him, than 
 welc(jine to those who })av(le for thiin. 11" you loke in Maisttr 
 Hall the Cronyclci", you shall lindc nuirc tluiii enough touching
 
 74 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 the same, and specially so broadely to touch Councellours for 
 doing their princes comraaundement in matters lawful, tho in 
 dcede (I must confesse) odious to the people. King Henrie being 
 not like to recover a sickenesse had taken him, either by remorse 
 of conscience, or by other occasion it pleased him to conceive, 
 did pardon those matters for the which he could not chose but 
 heare the grievous repining and murmure of his subjects. 
 
 Henry 8. Henrie the eighte followed him, in whose time were made a 
 
 Bible of statutes, and till the two and twentith of his raigne, he 
 had the very same wordes, as his father used in the beginning of 
 his Parliamentes, and tho then the same still followed not in 
 course, yet the Parliamentes were held of the estates, wherein the 
 commons were one. What subsidies, and aides of money he had, 
 and what and howe many enacted pardons bee gave, nowe to re- 
 peate is but losse of time, sith w^e are come thus farre. 
 
 Edward 6. To go thorow with king Edward, queene Marie, king Philip, 
 
 Qucene Mary, q^i^ our most gracious Princesse hir majestic that now is, as I have 
 
 K. Philip. with the rest, were burning of daylight. 
 
 Queene Sith we have hetherto brouu;ht the Parliament, nowe let us 
 
 Elizabeth. ^. ^ . . 
 
 shortely gather what wee can of these Collections touching the 
 
 original Antiquitie and the manner thereof. 
 
 First Brute in the yeare of the worlde, 2855, before the yeare 
 of jjrace, 1108, began the Empire of this He. Hee founde it with- 
 out laws, he made some. Mulmutius, 441 yeres before Christ 
 added more. Gurguintus put a little to. Marcia that noble 
 Queene, about the 360 yeare before Christ confirmed many : and 
 so remayned this lande, governed I suppose without our forme of 
 Parliament, for I cannot perceive there was any state of nobility. 
 The greate Cities and Borowes were long a building, some 300, 
 400, 500 yeares, one after another, and more : The Shires nether 
 devided, nor inhabited : a nation living in civil warres, thefte and 
 ravyne ; barbarous often for want of foresight and lawe, so dispeo- 
 pled, as hardily there remayned sufficient to manure their landes, 
 and lesse, to defende their Territories. The yeare 51, before our 
 Savyour toke flesh, Julius Caesar the Romaine made conquest of 
 this region, and anexed it to the Romayne auetority, who had 
 tribute (tho sometime it were denyed) and goucrned by their Cap-
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 7o 
 
 taynes and Emperors, toke the defence of the same upon them, as 
 their often hither coming with armies and building of walles be- 
 wene the Scottes, Pictes, and Britons, doth well witnesse, till the 
 443 yeare of Christes Nativity, at whiche time they neglected the 
 matter, not willing, as it seemed, to buy a trifle too deare, nor 
 dayly to be troubled to come from Rome (but a steppe) to defende 
 them who had no ability to holde their owne feete, nor (as it is to 
 be feared) woulde learne. And although in this time somewhat is 
 indited by Eleutherius the Bishop of Rome to Lucius, who is ac- 
 cepted the first Christened king, yet if jou wey the matter well, 
 you shall finde, that will not doe. About the yeare 450, the Saxons 
 and Angles being sente for, entred, and loke howe many king- 
 domes they erected, how long in warres before, how they continued, 
 how they were brought to one Monarchic, and the sequele then, 
 and you shall finde there was no leysure for Parliaments. In read- 
 ing, 1 have gathered many floures out of Maister William Lam- 
 barts garden, a gentleman after my verdict, tho unknowne to mee, 
 for liys payneful, rare, and learned Collection, worthy to bee 
 knowne; and then (no doubt,) of all well disposed to learning 
 and knowledge of the antique customes of our Country, to be 
 greatly honored : I could make many Nosegayes for you oute of 
 his well set plantes : but you are yong enough to gather them your 
 selfe, and I will yclde that to Caesar which is Caesars due, tho 
 perhaps I would be glad to be worthy to be Caesar my selfe. Yet 
 thus much 1 will put you in minde what you shall have in Maister 
 Lambavt, for the seasons of the Saxons and Angles kingdomes : 
 They devided the Shires, the worlde is theirs, they parted into 
 hundred and weapon-tackcs (the specche is oldc [:^nglish) Folknioot 
 and Sheremote was appointed by them, compouiuled Saxon words, 
 of the which there were two uses in the Saxons time, for there 
 were two sortes iherof, one in the same nature that we have Ic 
 Countie Coiirte, the other, /e Turne del I iro/if. S. Jklward in his 
 iawes appointed also two kinds of Folkmotes, which were given 
 notice of by the ringing of belles, in olde I'jiglishe called Mo/IieL 
 The first was when any unaccustonxd peril or daunger was tloubted 
 to the common wealth: And then were the hundreds and A\ Ca- 
 pontacko within the Shrivalties iialhered together. And also
 
 76 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 wythin themselves the Burgesses, of Cities walled, Borowes and 
 fortresses of strength (to the which liberties and priviledges were 
 graunted, bicause their force was better able to keepe together 
 and defende the people in the tjme of Hostilitie) assembled to 
 councell what way were best to be taken in such times. Also in 
 the same Folkmote, which ofte times is named the Common coun- 
 cel, the subjectes of this Land did their fealty, and were sworne 
 as here before divers times. Touching the othe to the prince, I 
 have recyted to you : And for sufficient proufe hereof, the Lon- 
 doners of late yeres have used the worde, and at this day directly 
 in effecte kepe the matter, when they assemble themselves, as ofte 
 as neede requires, to their common councel, the Folkemote in 
 deed. The seconde Folkemote was for the electing of Sherifs, and 
 officers under them, for taking order that the watches were kepte, 
 and great heed had to scath fire. In the Saxons govcrnement 
 there were at the last, two kinds of regiments, by the which the 
 country was directed : the one, the West Saxons, the other the 
 Marches : who as they were proceeded of two nations, so each 
 held the rights received from their ancestors. The Saxons kept 
 themselves kings here, tho with much ado and great continual 
 slaughters, not only with the ancient inhabitants of this land, but 
 with themselves, one king with another, till the yere 1018, during 
 which time you see many ordinaunces established, but how far 
 from the way of our Parliament your own discretion will con- 
 ceive, if you have good consideration of the times, people, and 
 maner of lawing. Canutus the Dane, the yere 1018, was abso- 
 lute king of the whole Realme, whiche the Danes claymcd firste 
 by conqueste of Swaynus their king, father to Canutus : and next 
 by agreement made betwene Edmund Ironside and him : his laws 
 you have : see what you find there. So great conquerors do not 
 commonly grant such large freedomes to subjects, to have interest 
 with them in the common welth, neither yet do bind themselves 
 to so hard termes, to establish nothing without the consente of the 
 other two states. Far unlike it is, that of Danes he had full sup- 
 plic to furnish the whole state of nobilitie, and the whole Borowes 
 and counties : But graunt he had, shall 1 beleeve he would set 
 down another maner of governement than the Danes do at this
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 77 
 
 day, and almost have alwaies maintayned, which is, all things to 
 passe by the kings auctority and the nobilities, without the thirde 
 estate. He was not constrained at any time againste his will : for 
 the poore Englishe nation, God knowes, were I aide low enough. 
 The Danes raigned not here above twenty-five yeres, allowing 
 Canutus the first king. Yet would I faine learn, whether by 
 Parliament and general consent of the three estates thereof, the 
 excessive Tributs were graunted, and the exaction called the 
 Dane gelt which the English people only even from the begin- 
 ning of tlie raigne of the Danes were compelled yerely to pay to 
 their kings, was Parliament wise enacted. 
 
 Saint Edwards lawes, if you loke over, you shall finde nothing 
 to serve your tourne. The Conqueror William in the yeare 1066 
 obtained the Crowne : how streight a hande he helde on the sub- 
 dued inhabitauntes of this He, is well known. Till the twentith 
 yere of Henrie the thirde 1 heare of no Parliament, unlesse you 
 will have all consultations Parliamentes, as in the fortith of 
 Henry the 8, I see a statute made for one Richarde Strode a 
 Burges in that Parliament, for that hee was condemned in l60 
 pounde at certaine Courts of the Steynery, and by auctority 
 thereof imprisoned for the same, bycause he had (as it was aleaged) 
 greatly hindred by his speeches in the Parliament their liberties 
 and privileges. Upon this complaint to the three estates, the Act 
 was made for his discharge, in the end wherof an enquiry is ap- 
 pointed touching the digging of tinne : and the letter is thus : 
 Be it enquired for our soveraigne Lorde the kittg, that whereas at 
 the Parliament holden at Crokerentor before Thomas Denys de- 
 putye to sir Henrie Marney knight, warden of the Steynery, S^'c. 
 Here you have your word otherwise applyed than we accusto- 
 mably do. So that the worde carries not awaye with it alwa\es 
 the fulnesse of the matter. Some would long sith have comprised 
 in it, how King Henrie the thirde was by armes constrained to do 
 what he would not. You have recited to you what auctority he 
 uses in enacting : you also have, and likewise 1 have gone thorow 
 all the Parliaments of the rest of the Kings, whicrh 1 have thought 
 needefull : tiie exact overloking wlu'rof, and due noting of the 
 forme of the nobility in time past, alter the Danish manner, great
 
 78 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 sway beares in this common welth : the aydes, subsidies, exac- 
 tions, and customes generally so oft consented to, with better 
 willes, and more quietnesse, than in former ages : the number of 
 penal statutes and generall pardons of the Prince, will disswade 
 the Antiquity of our thirde voices, which many do defende, and 
 also will shewe a lighte of the admitting the third person in this 
 trinity. I cannot meete with the name of the Knight of a Shire 
 or B urges of the Parliament, or any such men, mentioned tyl 
 now of late dayes. In the twenty-seventh yere of Edward the 
 thirde, in the beginning of a Parliament he says thus : Wheras 
 good deliberation had with the Prelates, Dukes, Erles, Barons, and 
 greate men of the Countries, that is to say, of every country one, for 
 all the counties, and of the commons of Cities and Burgesses of our 
 Realm, S^c. The fifte yeare of Richard the seconde there is a 
 statute, That if any Knight of the Shire, Citizen of Citie, or Burges 
 of BoroiD, did not uppon sommons come to the Parliament, not 
 having lazcful excuse, should he amerced. Anno 12 of the same 
 king you have an act for the Kings wages. Anno 7 of Henrie the 
 fourth it is enacted touching their elections. Anno 1 of Henrie 
 the fifth you have the like for chosing of Knights and Burgesses. 
 In Henrie the sixts time and after, there are sundry Acts con- 
 cerning the same matter. If you consider the late enacting of 
 these things, you shall finde later use of our newe Parliament, 
 than of some is thought : for I thinke Knightes and Burgesses 
 never coulde nor might appeare in Councel before they were au- 
 torised, and the maner of their apperance knowne. It may be 
 that you and some other who shall mete with this my proceed- 
 ings in this matter, will marvell why I make so long a preamble, 
 and that in such forme, to so shorte an advise which I sende you. 
 Againe, the world is many times so aukwardely disposed, as it 
 will decme the worste of mens meanings. And leaste the repeat- 
 ing of these things to you should of Malbouch, who never sayde 
 well, be conceived that I shote to disgrace that noble, grave, and 
 necessarie thirde state of Parliament (whiche if I were so lewdly 
 disposed, I never were able to touch) I first protest before him 
 who knowes the secretes of all mens workings, it is furthest from 
 ray thought. The cause of this my long recitall of one thing and
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 79 
 
 Other, grewe of three parts. One, to shewe how happily we ob- 
 tained that rare interest in the common wealth, where the monar- 
 chial governement strikes the stroke, therby to thank God, wyth- 
 out whom far lesse matters cannot stande. Secondly, that we 
 should not be forgetful of the great, gracious, liberall, and con- 
 tinual favour of the Princes of this land, who have not only 
 consented freely to the confirmation of this third estate, but more 
 than that, never undoubtedly repented the allowaunce thcrof, as 
 well may be proved, for that they never cavilled therin. What* 
 contented mindes of late ages, the Kings and Queenes of this 
 Realme have carried in matters of Parliament, when things have 
 not fallen out currant to their expectations, I thinke not only all 
 Parliament men, but the whole country knowes. And if I de- 
 sired to picke thanks the most allowed way, which is, in telling 
 truth, I coulde make a long libel of hir majesties (that now is) 
 particular patience, favor, great suffering, and well accepting of 
 matters of Parliament : but I will leave it to a better workman 
 to be booked by it selfe, bycause it will aske a great volume. 
 Thirdly, to shew what a Jewel you have of this most free, gene- 
 ral, and universal consultative kind of Lawmaking, therby to be 
 careful, not only to kepe and preserve that odde grace granted to 
 no nation, but to our selves, in such like regiments, but also in 
 all respects dutifully to put to our indevor to be worthy members 
 of so great a councell, I will but remember you of a fewe lynes 
 of Plato, who never knewe England, and muche lesse the English 
 Parliament, in his booke of his common welthe he makes mention 
 of three kindes of rule, viz. Monarchia, Aristocrat ia, and Demo- 
 cratia. Where the Prince doeth all (sayes he) lawes shall be 
 made as best shall like him, without regardc to others : where 
 nobility, and a certain number of the greatest hoJdc the helme, 
 the ship will be directed to what haven they please. If decrees 
 and ordinaunces lye in the multitudes heads, they will be popular. 
 Sec you these imperfections for the want of eonil)yning these 
 three kinds togither, whiehe done, and no lawe j)ass(; without all 
 their cousents, who shall have cause to eonipluiner who is ex- 
 emf)ted out of this common wealth ? who is wronged or put to the 
 wall r who agrees not to his owne wealth or want r O Anglia
 
 80 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 terque quaterque beata, that doth injoy that blessed privilege, 
 which to maintaine, as I beseeche all men, so to my best I will 
 proceede to advise you, of whom I have most tender care, to take 
 such hede in all your actions touching the same, as it by you, may 
 be (Pro virile) strengthned, you experienced and well deserving 
 therof, and I joyful! to heare of the considerate discharging of 
 your duety. 
 
 First is to be considered what your auctority is, and howe farre 
 It doth reache ; from whence you had the same, what trust they 
 have committed to you, and what they expect at your hands that 
 elected you therto : Then by what means you shall best discharge, 
 without the indignation of the Prince or misliking of the nobility, 
 that trust, to the profit of your electors. The former parts are 
 easyer to be set downe than the latter pointes, drawen into assured 
 advices, and unfallible precepts. But bycause (as I sayde in the 
 beginning) I am to write to you, who I am sure will take in good 
 meaning my well determined remembraunces, rather than scrupu- 
 lously picke out the insufficiency therof (which I must confesse is 
 great yet not wholly so fruitelesse and unfurnished, but that you 
 may gather some fewe Apples out of a small Orchard). Our Par- 
 liament consisteth of three estates : First, the Prince ; the second, 
 the nobility, such as are admitted by their succession, whose aun- 
 cestors have bin of the house, or the king, doth call, and the Bi- 
 shoppes : all the which without speciall licence must be personally 
 present : and if they be by any meanes absent, they give theyr 
 voyces to some one they best like, who is residant. The third of 
 the Commons, wherin is comprised the yonger sonnes of the nobi- 
 lity, and in a manner all the heires apparante, very few except, the 
 fathers living, all the gentry and the whole rest. It is thus furnish- 
 ed : there are two Knightes chosen of every county but in Wales, 
 where the Shires have but one, and of every Citty and Borrowe 
 Corporate two Burgesses, fewe excepte, who of late time were 
 made corporations, and also the Cities and Borowes in Wales, 
 who follow as their counties doe. Of these knightes and Burgesses 
 is your thirde house. Wythout tlie consent of these three bodies 
 no newe invocation hath power to deprive the subjectes of this 
 laude, of lil'e, lawofui inheritance, or goods. The autority therof
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 81 
 
 doth Stretch to them all, to take away life, inheritaunce, yea of the 
 Crowne of this Realme, and every mans chattels, and hath full 
 power to make and alter lawes, and to use the English phrase, the 
 lawe lies in their hands; the Prince is sole of himselfe, and enact- 
 eth nothing alone : the nobilitye and Bishoppes are upon the 
 pointe of eightie, and rather under, sometyme more or lesse, as 
 some may be under age, and some Bishoprikes voyde, who oft'er- 
 ing a lawe, doe make none of themselves. The thyrde and great 
 body of this councel consisteth (the king, nobility and Bishops 
 foreprised) of all the inhabitauntes of the country, and therefore 
 of a mighty e number of members : yet can it stablishe no ordi- 
 naunce absolutly suojiire. But see the great and to other people 
 untasted of benefit of this lawe making, as I have saide before : 
 shall one enacte ? no ; shall two estates binde the third ? as little ; 
 shall the whole three stricke it uppe ? God forbid else : for (as be- 
 fore) who can complayne when his agrement is in ? and who de- 
 nyes, when all men say yea? So when the greatest number of the 
 Lords, and the most of the commons consente, tho some be far 
 off, yet it doth importe general ratification : else how shall you 
 labor? in vaine: for it is not possible that so many should directly 
 hit uppon one minde and judgement in things argued; we can 
 have no more that just Harmonye of concente, that the 77 Inter- 
 preters of the Byble had, and yet no doubt (I truste) the best for 
 the most part taken. Your autority you see, now go forth : who 
 put you therin ? The lower or common house of Parliament 
 standeth of 442 persons, 78 Knights, and 326 Burgesses for l^ng- 
 land: and for Wales (Monmouth Shire accoinpted no part thereof) 
 12 Knights, and as many Burgesses : for the ports, which are now 
 7 accompted, fourteene, which are called Baroncs purtium, who 
 are chosen by the whole commons of tiie Rcahne, under which 
 name is understood (as you have before) not only the artificer, the 
 Bcgger, the yeoman, the husbandman, all and tlie wiiole, all of 
 those sorts; but also the universall gentry and many of the nobi- 
 litye of liirth, who are not IJarons of the higher house. The 
 Knightes are elected by the county, and sliould be inhabitaunts 
 in the same: the Burgesses in the cor|)orations, which by statute 
 are appointed to be dwelling Rurgesses in the towne from whence
 
 82 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 they are sente. So that it is playne, that you have your aucthority 
 of the greatest in number, the mightiest de se in force, and by 
 whome the Prince is maintained, the country from age to age 
 manured and peopled, and the Lordes remaine Lordes, whose rentes 
 and services could not be due without them. Now thinke with 
 your selfe what confidence these persons have in you, when they 
 appointe you in this Rome of enacting or disanulling. Your 
 number of Parliament men you see in your house are fewe to the 
 huge multitude of them whose consents are bounde by your agree- 
 mente. What thinke they when they chose you ? Firste that you 
 are religious, wherein is comprised many parts, as to feare God 
 and to be charitable. And tho there be many other points which 
 particularly might be recited touching religion, yet in the love 
 and feare of God and the Charity towardes a mans neighbour I 
 conceive all other braunches to hang: next, that you do entirely 
 favor your Country and tender the welth therof : thirdely, that 
 they are perswaded of your wisedome, grave judgement, experi- 
 ence, and diligent consideration : fourthly, that you will not be 
 abused with fayre words, terrified with threatnings, corrupted with 
 brybes of the great ones: fiftly, not wrested by giftes of equals, 
 nor moved with the aflfection of the frendship of them : sixtly, not 
 frette with the Canker of malice and envy, nor subject to sodain 
 fury, the overthrower of all good procedings, which will procure 
 you carelesse of your trust : Seuenthly, not expecting commenda- 
 tion by elo(]uence andXDratory words, rather than by substance of 
 direct matter, reason, and truth, but above all things, wholely 
 ^nd onely hoyse up your sayles to serve in all respectes that body 
 wherof you are a member. 
 
 They commit unto your considerations their libertyes, not 
 only of person but of living, their goods, their lands, their lives, 
 their attainders of bloud, all that they have, shall have, or can 
 have, their wives and children already borne, their posterity to 
 come, whose inheritaunce to accrew by discente and honor, from 
 auncient predecessors to bee invested with, they yeelde into your 
 hands, aTid not only to bind them hereafter to stand to your doome 
 <md decree from time to come, to allowe of your possitive direction 
 not alreadyc passed, but also submit themselves and all before re-
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FAtHER OF F. A. 83 
 
 cited, unto what you shall dispose of it, with a loking backe con- 
 sideration whereby you may nerely touche them : the confidence 
 placed in you is so great trust, Iterum iterumque Cunctaiido, as Quin- 
 tus Fabius Max. did, to be thought of in this case. Now let us 
 see by what meanes you shall discharge this trust, without the in- 
 dignation of the Prince, and misliking of the nobility. First 
 touching the nobility and prince, Qui vadit plane vadit sane. Take 
 this matter in hande Virgin like, in the simplenesse of your minde, 
 and well meaning of all things. Take heede of two faces in one 
 hoode: deale with reverence to the prince, with duty of betternesse 
 to the Lordes, and with waking care with your fellowes. I may not 
 deny but perchaunce some Prince may be willing to procure the 
 passing of a law more beneficiall in particular to him selfe, than 
 pleasaunt to those who are represented in your house. And also 
 the nobility may do the like in their own causes : may you not 
 duetifully repugne such demaundesr may you not argue the in- 
 convenience is like to ensue? may you not diswade? may you not 
 boldely yeelde \our no i Yes assuredly, and incur no displeasure 
 at all. And although you may bee frowned on by the Prince and 
 others, yet they will knowe you well enough, commende you in 
 secrete, gladde to win you to imploy in service, judge you wise, 
 honest, and one worthy to be trusted, and not a Butterfly, a sixe 
 weekes Birde : Whcras if you follow their humors, if their turnes 
 be served, if you play the hireling, they perhap will smyle upon 
 you for the time, never trust you, but in the ende shake you off. 
 Princes be glad of tray tours of their enemies subjectes : Yet what 
 Prince would have any of his owne people so ? or will trust the 
 others in any action, but to serve a present turne r As Dcuiadcs 
 aunswered the Ephores very well, who uiovcd him to commit the 
 leading of certaine Souldiers to a traytor: vou shall pardon me 
 (quoth he) for trusting hym with mine, who hath l)etraycd his 
 owne. If you will sooth and juggle, you shall have .Tohn serving- 
 mans rewarde, yea at the princes hand and the nobilities. Altho 
 possibly you have hearde the tale of this well shotten .John, yet 
 thus it was : A gentleman not best experieneel, stoode well in 
 hys own eonceyte for judgemente (as eojnmonly the simplest do) 
 his chaunee was to entertayne a servaunte w iser in AcinX than the
 
 84 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 maister, but too playne a dealer to profit himself, and therefore no 
 worldely Doctor. Thys Gentleman taking his opinions conceived, 
 always to be infallible, would breake them with his man, not so 
 much to conferre for his advise, as to set out the ripenesse of his 
 owne capacitye, who perceiving his Maister was in a manner al- 
 wayes in a wrong Boxe, and building Castels in the ayre, or catch- 
 ing Hares with Tabers, coulde not sooth such unlikely toyes, 
 whereby he must seeke him a newe habitation : who woulde kepe 
 such a contrary in g Knave ? reporte goes this man is out of service, 
 and why? forsooth the cause is recited. Maister John a currifauour 
 meaning to thrive where the other coulde not, (among hys mes and 
 kindred, taken for a proper nurtured hynd), sekes out this gentle- 
 man with very low cursey, gyves his worship the time of the day, 
 demaundes if his worship wants a servant, and worship and Maister- 
 ship hath much adoe with him. This cleane speeched manne is 
 entertained, the maister confers nothing with John, but John 
 playes the John, he highly commends his Maisters devises, he 
 prayses hys judgements : what so he speakes, be it never so fonde, 
 John sweres doth procede of a good wit. As Stephen the foole of 
 Huntington was wonte to saye, time teacheth experience, far he 
 goes that never returnes, and very simple he is, that dayly swal^ 
 loweth flies and will not learne to keepe hys lippes together. This 
 gentleman began to finde that John did guyle with him, whome 
 too prone, he brought into a very fayre meadowe, and as it were 
 out of a great study demaunded of John how to most profit he 
 might employ the same: John musing what to answerer his 
 Maister followed, now (quoth he) can I tell how to reape greate 
 benefit hereof. Salt is at a high price, I will sowe the Meadowe 
 therewith, if God sende me a good croppe, I shall be a made man. 
 John hercat clappes his handes on his thighes, Jesus, Maister 
 (saith he) you shall drinke before mee, for I thought uppon the 
 like matter. Here is flattering John taken : by whom? by a sim- 
 ple man, by one who delighted in his musicke : he pluckes his 
 Coate over his eares, he knaves Maister John, and tournes him 
 out of the doores like a Rascal marchant. If you play Johns parte 
 with Princes, whose experience and wisedome of themselves is 
 great, and much by councel, do you thinke to avoyde Johns re-
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 85 
 
 warde? If you John it with the nobility, do you deeme them chil- 
 dren? will not nobility followe in deede the noblenesse of bloud, 
 to abhorre and detest suche shamelesse shifting Jackeryes f yea 
 assuredly, to your utter infamy and overthrowe. But take the 
 other course, and truth may be blamed, but it will never be 
 shamed. It may be loked bigge on, but it will not be out of 
 countenaunce : it may bee shut out of the dore, but it wyll bee 
 sente for in againe and set at the table with the best, when curte- 
 ous Maister John shall be glad to take the leaving of the Pages : 
 and hereof assuredly perswade your selfe, unlesse your minde be 
 so far possessed with mischiefe, to thinke that Falcons can feed 
 off carrion, or Dolphyns delight in puddels, which as by nature 
 they do abhorre, so do Princes and nobility by long succession 
 nourished and bredde in honour, rejecte and contempne all suche 
 servile disceyte, and treasonable shifting. 
 
 Now are we come to consider howe to answere the office your 
 trusters put you in, not for any perticular profit, but for the whole 
 common good. Hoc opus hie labor est. But if those good parts be 
 in you which they perswade arc, as is recited, the burden is soone 
 discharged, to all your commendations, wealth, and quietnesse. 
 First they accompt of you as one religious, &c. and after as you 
 have heard. As touching that part I presume not to deale, bicause 
 the Cobler may not passe the shoe : but with feare I will reve- 
 rently with all good meaning embrace the sounde and perfecte 
 opinion of the Learned, which for the two parts, the one duty to 
 God, and the other to a mans neighbour, lies open to all menne 
 by Devines, the latchcts of whose shooes I counte not my selfe 
 woorthy to unloose. Marcus Tullius Cicero, let me remember 
 you of, and of his treatise de Amicitia, which being a boy, (as 
 Scollers do) 1 did unwillingly acquaint myselfe with. He makes 
 not (as I take it) above foure payre of fricndcs, whose names 
 being so common, to repeate again, were but spending of inke 
 and paper. He commends, when men would so far (as I may 
 terme it) belcve in other for fricndshi[) sake, as they drew cuts 
 who should go to the racke first: and not so oncly, but the one 
 would face down a lye, to he tormented to save the other. Tulli 
 sayde true, for he saide it Historically. I am sory the Paganisme 
 
 N
 
 86 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 iBoy cast in our noses foure rare examples, and we not able to 
 afourde them one such couple. If you had such a one yourselfe 
 as Eurialus was to Nisus, Damon to Pythias, Orestes to Pylades, 
 and Theseus to Perithous, were one to another, you coulde not 
 but make of such a jewel. And if you would beguile him, who 
 should have the losse ? your selfe only, in respecte of all extre- 
 mity among the best, (by whom I meane the vertuous and not the 
 Turks Bassaes) for why? ingratitude shold rather deserve quar- 
 tering, than clipping of coine. This friendship for such affiance 
 and trust betwene party and party is rare, is commendable, is not 
 to be found, and yet dependeth upon particular action betwene 
 two : it is determyned betwene them, that is, at the death or ab- 
 sence of either, of both, and then so far as well wishing may ex- 
 tend. But see what the commons of Englande put in your handes, 
 when you are chosen a spokesman for them. Tliey end not with 
 their lives that make you a Parliament man, but with the perti- 
 culars, and all in all that I named before. Wyll you have more 
 than all given you, of him that demes well of you ? you cannot. 
 Do they store up in you by trust conceived, what depends upon 
 them (as it is recited) it semeth so : judge your selfe. Will you 
 go to the Law of nature, to the Law of God, to the Law of Princes, 
 to the Law of Confederats ? will not all condemne you if you 
 juggle ? 1 have found it so. Although in very deede some men 
 accept juggling for an English worde in good part, yet I never 
 understoode it in Chaucer or olde English, neyther in the con- 
 science of the professors of Charity or well dealing : part the 
 wordes at your pleasure, enter to Ethnickes or to Christians. 
 Here is the warre, here is the daunger, here is both your credits, 
 that is, the electors theirs and yours, upon a mum chaunce, 
 (pardon me if I offend in wordes, 1 have playde at the dice). If 
 you discharge your truste well, they are in your debt, and they 
 well may vaunte of the perfection of your execution, not more 
 that you have done a thing commendable in general, than that 
 they have chosen in pcrticular, so sufficient a member in so great 
 a cause : here is a good Harmonic, the well and true singing of 
 which song makes all men merry at midnight, at all times, in all 
 things, and ulwuyes, nut now only present, but to come, yea those
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 87 
 
 who never smelt of the matter. If you go a trewanting, if you 
 play Legerdemayn, if you will be bridled, if you gape for am- 
 bition, if you play the Mongrel, if fayre words abuse you, if care- 
 lesnes make you hold no hand of your doings, if fury make you 
 dronk, if affection blinde you, hereof will proceede not only to 
 your trusters and theirs now borne and unborne, (I use the word 
 still, bycause I knowe not how so rightly to hit the minde of your 
 choosers who commit trust in you) Ploratns and Stridor dentiumy 
 but the same to you and yours, in like predicament, although 
 some present outward shew may make you thinke the contrary. 
 And therefore what I have gathered of others, for Prater auditum 
 nihil habeo, I will follow, which and God graunt, you may re- 
 ceive as much benefit thereof, as I desire, if you want from me, 
 the faulte is not mine, you have the best I can upon the maner 
 of wryting of letters. I perswade with my selfe you cannot pos- 
 sibly play the spider wyth these my barren flowers, tho it were in 
 jNIay or June. If you make any hony of them, I will be the 
 gladder to go to my grave In consummatione atatis mei, for that 
 to you and to my country, (two parts of my greatest care) I shall 
 be assured some benefit will redowne by the reliques of my col- 
 lections, whiche I never tended for my owne prefermente, so 
 muche as for the advauncement of the common wealth, as is to 
 be gathered by my beggery, which perhaps I might better have 
 withstoodc, if I could have given my selfe Adidari, and Syco- 
 phant'ari. Your countryes welfare must alwaycs be your onely 
 and greatest care. The fiorishing whereof is the Princes strength 
 and joylity, the nobilities quietiiesse and greatnesse. For as a 
 King cannot King it, without people, nor Lordes Lord it without 
 Tenauntes, no more can nations live in common welths without 
 the higher authority : The musicke of which three joyned and 
 agreing in one, doth make the olde one-legged man hop for joy, 
 and the white hearcs to dye in peace. See how God hath given 
 to all men the liking of the hind and soyle whcreout they are 
 bred. I will not speakc of delicate France, of lat Enghuul, oi" 
 fruiteful Itahe, of careful governed Spayne, of wanton Germany, 
 and other like countries, wherin we have not onely more than 
 sufficient to feed and cloth ourselves with, besides many nice and
 
 88 ADMONITION BV THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 superfluous delights, but never dered with extremity either of cold 
 or heate, or for want of civil rule to condemne our quietnesse. 
 But go to the naked JEthiopes iu Afrike, whose sowty couler and 
 cave dwelling, declare the persecution they suffer by heate, ban- 
 ning and cursing the sunne going down who leaves them for all 
 the shifts they can make, as smoking browne bread newe drawne 
 out of the oven, their homely diet serpents flesh, with a fewe 
 starved cattel whichc they have in estimation as theyr lives, 
 naming their children by their names and not after theyr fathers, 
 for that they acknowledge the sustentation of their beyng, of them, 
 and for the same, live in continual warres among themselves. 1 
 count not thicke Englishe Beefe, or Bacon, neither yet the Licor 
 whiche presently eyther they must quench their thirst with or dj'e, 
 the wyne of Orleaunce. Not far from these faire babes dwell the 
 Tawny Moores the Azanegies, who feed not to fill their bellies, 
 but measure their hunger by the stoare of victual which most 
 barenly and scarcely theyr Country yeldes them. Your Acra^ 
 dophagi, as fayre as goodman Negro, is pleased to leape at Saint 
 John Baptists locust, and contents himselfe without chaunge with 
 that viandrize. These people live not above fourty yeares, and in 
 fine moste pitifully are consumed with flying Lice naturally 
 breeding in themselves. Also the Icthiophagi, birdes of the same 
 bushe of Ethiope, who live only by fishe, not for Religion as 
 Charterhouse Monkes, but as hungry Dogges, without sauce, for 
 necessity. These and other infinit numbers under that scalding 
 heaven and insterile soyles suffering their purgatorie in this world, 
 yet home is homelyest with them, they will not away. God and 
 nature hath so combyned and chaunged their likings to their 
 country, as they will say with the Scottish man when he comes 
 to London, or to the fayrcst Town in Europe, that (Edenborowe 
 except) it is the godlyest place he ever set his foote in : even so 
 will the nations recited not sticke to fall out with hym that will 
 disprayse their dwellings, although as there is statelier buildings 
 than Edenborowe, so is there more plcasaunt cly mates and fertyler 
 grounds than Ethiope: 1 may not goe thorowe with so many 
 outhren people, as by bookes I could recite unto you, for spence 
 oi' lime, and chiefly when a fewe may suffice. But now let me
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHEH OF F. A. 89 
 
 lightlye runne over some particulars of the unmerciful stemenesse 
 of the Northern Pole, as heavy to the inhabitaunte feelers for ex- 
 tremity of the cold, as the parching sunne importable to the 
 ugly Moores, and yet Country quart, is good quart. The urchins 
 will not out of their Denne, they will rather live in native lande 
 with these discomodities following, than change for the Paradice 
 of Fraunce, or the Kitchin of England. Firste go no further than 
 to Islande, a corner at hande, which in Sohtitio Hiemali, enjoy es 
 small sunne, but the people there for that time at our noone dayes 
 (if they have no candel) may play at blindman buffe, their colde 
 is horrible, their mansions Conney fashion, their drinke is running 
 AVater, weake califaction for such Wether as is there : Their 
 breade, dried fishe. Corn and Licor, not fit for Ladyes. But if 
 they happe of a candels ende, some course barley Cantel, and a 
 sope of small beere, they are so gallant, and well pleased, that 
 they desire not my Lord Maior of London to bee their kinsman. 
 I will not talke of Norway, nor of Sweden, Finlande, or Goth- 
 land, nor those adjacent countryes to Denmarke, in the warmest 
 whereof wee Englishe olde beaten souldiers would oftener blow 
 our fingers than wash our faces. And like to Naples, the Para- 
 dice of Italy, in comparison to Muscovia, parte of Ttuthinea, 
 Temthia, Bothinia, Lappia, Tornia, Striphinia, Flnmarchia, and 
 Biarmia, in the which, such bitter windes, such great hilles of 
 Frost and Snow, such thicke uncomfortable clowdes, such large 
 nightes of halfe a yeare long, such seldome sights of that com- 
 fortable gentleman Maister Phebus, would make a man lay the 
 kev under the dore, and wishe the devil to heate the country, and 
 tlie sunne to warme them. What should I tell you of the incre- 
 dible operation of that country, congeling of the most violent 
 and as it is unnaturall (in respect of forcible moving) of the 
 windes, the terror that ordinarye tempcstes and lightnings briiig- 
 cth, no lesse to be beleved than liked? what of that penetrating 
 cold that-boring out the inhabitants eyes, gives them the sauce of 
 hunger, Optimum Coudimentum, and small soppi's to their dinner, 
 ilees their skinncs of without etige tooles, makes them blow away 
 tlieirnoses in their napk ins, and yet plaugcs them wit heat ars, rewmes, 
 and will you have the Englisii worde truely, the [)layne snotte aiul
 
 90 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 Snivil, SO as though the nose be gon, they must wipe where it was, 
 or else some unsaverly matter will runne in their mouthes. I over- 
 passe a great company of incommodities, the lest of the which would 
 sende many of our nice faulte finders once a day into a slowof Cowe 
 Casins, and glad they had it too. All these inconveniences and 
 wantes, huntes not the borne whelps to seeke new footyng, neither 
 makes them the lesse careful with manlike war to defend their in- 
 devors. Thus see you barbarous Ethnickes, wilde Christians, and 
 superstitious nations at this present if you search their professions, 
 to the whiche (I meane not to digresse) to leave theyr native coun- 
 try. Well I tell you, but yet I must further, bjxause I cannot omitte 
 those country lovers, whose memory, well meaning writers to us, 
 have sent us, for a token to followe. I cannot runne over all their 
 actions : some I have perused and more forgotten, but to a wyll- 
 ing minde, a fewe honest examples may endure to the contrary. 
 I shall but Lateram lauare, tho I were never so curious, an unpro- 
 fitable office to mee, and as little beneficiall to my Boocke. But 
 have at you, (whych is no fayre playe as olde gamsters reporte) 
 wyth such matter as I finde in auncient writings. At the laying 
 of the first stone of Rome, Romulus made an Edicte that no per- 
 son shoulde passe the appointed boundes of the CN'tie, which Re- 
 mus smyling at, and comming out of the same, Fabius Celer Cen- 
 turio with a spade slew hym, wholly respecting the stabiishment 
 of the common wealth, and not regarding the peril mighte ensue 
 hys rashe stroke. Looke upon Horatius Codes valiantnesse, and 
 great venturyng of hymselfe in the wars, Porsenna Kyng of the 
 Tuscaries, the resolution of Mutius Sceuola for the dispatching of 
 the same Prince, the whole house of the Romains Fabians in the 
 warres againt Veranius, were utterlye extinguished, one childe ex- 
 cept, whose lacke of yeares preserved his life, being more benefi- 
 cial to him and his posterity, than the country zeale of the rest. 
 By meanes wherof they yelded their dead Carcases. Decius Mu- 
 ries the elder Consul with Manlius Torquatus in armes against the 
 Latines, had both one dreame, that those people woulde be van- 
 quished, whose captaine shoulde be lefte dead in the field. They 
 brake one with another, and agreed, that whiche of their bands 
 did first give place, the leader must vow himselfe to the infernal
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. Ql 
 
 ghostes, contented to dye : which Decius chance was to do, and 
 therby with great slaughter of the enimies, the gaine was the 
 Romaines. PubHus Decius Muries his son did the same. Titus 
 Manhus Torquatus stroke off his own sons head, for putting in 
 venture by fight contrarie to comraaundement, the souldiers of the 
 Common welth : The prisoner Mar, AttiHus Regulus his returnc 
 to Affricke to Barboras tyrannic, wyth his considerations allcdged 
 in the Senate, which induced him thereto. Publius Scipio Nasica 
 chosen Consull of Rome with unluckie shew of the auspices com- 
 ming, would in no respect take upon him the dealing of the office, 
 doubting the inconvenience might hap to the Empire, not by his 
 want of abilitie, or good will, but by evyl fortune to the state, and 
 contrarie aspects of the superior Planets, so tender a mynde he 
 had of his Countrie. Sylla surnamed the happy, for all his re- 
 vengeful mynde, when he had obteyned his owne will, and helde 
 hard hand on his countrie, was content to restore the old governe- 
 ment of Rome and to die a private man. Quintus Curtius, his 
 willing decay i'or Rome : Codrus the Athenian king for his people: 
 also Theroistocles that countrieman, for all the injuries he had re- 
 ceyved at home, woulde rather willinglye drinke his owne bayne, 
 than see his natyve landc harmed : Melsiades of the same breede 
 at Marathon against the invincible shoal of the Persians : Epami- 
 nondas the Thebane, and thousandes more, for their wilful, entire, 
 only, and avowed love to their countries, have susteyned more 
 travayle, suffered greater torment, dyed assured deathes, and with 
 better contented mindes, than men of this age can beleeve, to bee 
 able to bee endured by mortlings which we all are. if Paynimes 
 did go so far /// supremo (f/adu, looke to your selfe somewhat, who 
 are a Christian, and so ianc credited as J'arliauicnt menne are. 
 They ixpect in vou gravjtie, wysi'donie, experience, and dilig(Mit 
 consideration. Part of the which, as they be onely the gifles of 
 (jod, as wisedome and gravitie ; so experience and diligent con- 
 sideration, be the confinners that strengthen, and the artilieers that 
 l)(;autirie their work, and proet'ede t)f payne taking, and good dis- 
 position ot the minde. 'Ihe foremost two l)ee the most l)eiu'fieialst 
 Ladies wyth their aeciuaintanee, and the other handniavdes, or 
 rather fellowe dames, so necessarie, as they cannot bee devided,
 
 92 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 furnishe most commodiously the place where they come. These 
 foure met in one man, make a happie person in particular, and 
 where they joyne in La we makers, there must needes bee a 
 jflourishing Commonwealth. What inconvenience doth f'ollowe, 
 if you shoulde pipe after other mennes whistles, induced thereto 
 by a busie treble string, or a slight Scottishe Jygge? in one respect 
 I have already tolde you, that is, howe maister John will be 
 thought of by the Prince and nobilitie. Nowe see what harme 
 lightes thereby on those, who put their confidence in you, and 
 what a John you shall be made and thought of the whole world. 
 If you serve the Princes turne, bee findes no fault : if you broke 
 for the Lordes, they have no losse, but they will take you still for 
 a John, if agaynste your trust you be wonne. In this seconde 
 parte, if you daunce drunkenly, you will breake your shinnes, and 
 betray your trusters, to whom you are bounde by all the laws pos- 
 sible. If all the Knights and Burgesses in Parliament were 
 Ulisseses, the Syrenes might fall to a newe occupation. But of 
 that huge multitude that came to the warre of Troye, he was taken 
 the odde manne for witte and judgement. If but one Ulisses 
 coulde scape those fiendish monsters, and so few Ulisseses in so 
 great an armie, what perill is to be feared to fall upon our Com- 
 mon wealth, if many Syrenes, or any at all shoulde be in the 
 trade of our whole trafficke of welth and welfare. They allured 
 unto them by all pleasant meanes the passengers, to spoyle them 
 for their owne direct and particular gaine: if you sing their songs, 
 you are brought to it to please and to profit others, the acte in 
 them is not so discommendable, but you shall be the John, and 
 rewarded at the seconde hande : your faulte is greater than the 
 Syrenes, who harme but the present persons for their owne lucre: 
 you, present, absent, and posteritic; you cut large thongs out of 
 other mens lethcr : you fleese not, but you fley : you write not 
 lawes with Milke, but bloud : you sende not the Pyper to make 
 poore men daunce in the countrye ; but the Hangman to tye up 
 the rich, and take from the needy no more but all they have : and 
 thus muste your trusters suffer for other mens pleasures, who never 
 after will trust you, knowing you are such a mercenarie. The 
 Parliament Sirene if he be of the Lordes breede, as manie times
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 9^ 
 
 in your house you have of their children, if of the familye of 
 gentr)', assure your selfe he is a Basterd : if hee loke never so 
 higge feare him not, he is a Coward : if he florish with never so 
 fayre a tayle, he is an Asse. Noble and gentleraans bloud, will 
 not be won against his duety, and specially where it touches his 
 country, neither with honor, threatnings, great Territories, much 
 calling, gay apparel, nor a ship full of red Ruddocks. A valiant 
 minde doth detest such chaffe. A wise man will sec the infamy 
 of the facte, and with both his hands kepe his face from such a 
 wounde. Who then must be your Parliament John, if you have 
 any? some durte daubers sonne, or Coblers brat, or such lik^ 
 whelpe of a worthy kenel, who wyll play Cat after kinde, do tlie 
 best you can : he is Camelionte miitabilior, yet for his luute the 
 pretie pricke cannot be white : he lives by ayre (a food of a small 
 substance) and he is of small contynuing, hee is Proteus Cousyu 
 Germayne when he falles in hand with his matter. But mark 
 how like Jacke lokes the father, his eye shewes the rclicks of his 
 thoughts, his countenaunce is forced, his gesture not natural, if 
 his speech be not learned without booke, for the most parte he 
 hacks it hardly oute, he sweates, there is no joy in his face, ho 
 feares how he shall be taken, he lokes as he were scarde wyth 
 Hobgoblyn. But what will you more? tho Maister Morice- 
 dauncer be drouke, yet will he daunce till he sweate for a clap of 
 the backe of the chiefe man of the parish, tho he be the worse for 
 it as long as hee ly ve : even so this your Morice footer shakes his 
 Belles an)ong you, hoping hee makes good musicke, as the foole 
 witii the Towne Morisshers, forgetting his maisters horse collers 
 be robde of their trinckets : if he ring for the prince he layes on 
 loade, if for the nobility, he shakes both legges at once, he com- 
 mends liberality, he prayses mercy, he extolles just executioji 
 of lawes, he matches religion where it should bt;, he soundes 
 out zealous care on j)Oore subjects, he preserves deligent watches 
 for the enemy, he forgettes not to tell wjuit a vertue frugality 
 is in the highest. All these and nuuiy nu)re good taelies as 
 may be, the King and Lordes are ;it iuJl furnished with. 
 He hath bin lorsooth perliaj) at ('ambridge and learned the frag- 
 ments of a little Sophistrie, wherwith he with his glosing tong 
 
 o
 
 &4 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A, 
 
 and white studied wordes, may move many well meaning Gentle- 
 men, who for wante of deepe judgemente may say yea to their 
 own prejudice, and the gravest heads without diligent heed maybe 
 brought to yeelde to consent to matters they would be ashamed 
 of upon ripe consideration, whiche inconvenience, if it happen, 
 what mischiefe shall fall to your whole state r who so blinde doth 
 not see ? When thys fine shaking tripper hath done what he can, 
 I have tolde you the thankes he shall have of the prince and no- 
 bility : and when you shall so deare pay for your learning, will 
 you not with open throate hunte the foole with Basons ? sure yes, 
 unlesse your simplicities bee such, that for the sure keeping of 
 your private houses, you esteeme a grinning pattering ape before 
 the sad and true mouthed mastife. To turne the Cat in the 
 panne, and to be a hirelyng, or a penny boy for any particuler 
 person, to have clientes in matters of Parliament, is token of too 
 much vilitie : for covetyse is the only occasion of too muche for- 
 getting your selfe. What should I write of this most filthie, un- 
 natural, and servile vice, whiche shall for a fewe angels make you 
 pleade as parcially in parliament, as in any other Court, not re- 
 garding your countrey, but the Jinks in your pocket. Such 
 spokesmen I warrant you have the matter at their fingers endes, 
 the writer out of the Copyes of Billes is set a worke, and many 
 times too for drawing the cause they come into the house, and 
 sitte with paper bookes, often read them, well consider of them, 
 and why r for countries benefit (you may believe them if you wyll) 
 but marke the circumstances, and their pence are as well hearde 
 chocke in the Sachel, as the white paper scene in hande. Why? 
 the bill is either private touching some one, else some very few, 
 or else some one corporation of citie, town, or marchants; else the 
 fraternity of some occupation, or suche like : for in deede we 
 dryehanded men, can not well tende the penning and copying 
 out of Lavvcs, without a little moystnyng. But if they had any 
 sparke of vertue in them, they would not prefcrre Cliauke before 
 Cheese, they would not like better of Canyon than of newe kilde 
 victual, neither blindfeele themselves, and as much as they may 
 others, with so foule a savering vayle. The minde of many 
 noble Panims have abhorred such errours, and yet we Christs
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. $5 
 
 professors too ofte runne headlong without backloking. Crates 
 when he went to stiulie Philosophic, cast his worldely welth into 
 the Sea, blessing them wyth a mischiefc, and that hee would 
 rather drowne them, than they should choake hym. Byas in the 
 havocke of his country when every one was busy to save some- 
 what, made no fardels of his substaunce, but Roge fashion in tliat 
 respect, walkes awaye with his ordinary weede, and being asked 
 of some, why hee had so small care of that which every one so 
 stirred for, replied, that he had all his wyth him, meaning. Learn- 
 ing and vertue. Themistocles, after the overthrowe of Marathon^ 
 seeing a dead Corpes with Chaynes and Jeweli^, willed one to 
 spoile it, saying, you are not Themistocles hymselfe : disdayning 
 that ungentlemanly hunger. Pittacus being ofFred as much of 
 his owne conquest as he would, measured his ferrae by launcing 
 of the speare, and more toke not, (a small fielde to make a parke 
 of, unlesse he threw further than I can) : Codes had an Erledome 
 for his service to the common welth, he thought himselfe contente, 
 when great matters were pressed upon him, with so much lande 
 as he himselfe, being lame, coulde plowe in a day, a recompence 
 that my Baylie of husbandry for two yeres service will frowne at: 
 Lucius Quintus Cincinnatus was holding the plowe when he was 
 elected Dictator, performed greate matters, retourned to his 
 Clownish husbandrie againe, and twentie yeares after was eft 
 called to the roome, which he discharged better than any feed 
 speaker in parliament can do, that I know: so that money did not 
 the dede : Menenius Agrippa, a well dcserver of the Romaine 
 Empire, for wante of his owne purse was buried by contribution 
 of the people : Martins Coriolanus refused great matters, and ac- 
 cepted a tryfle : Curius Dentatus hoysing Pyrrhus out of Italic, 
 allotted to every Poll fourtie Jugeri of land (every Jugeri being 
 taken for our Acre), and reserved as much and no more to him- 
 selfe, affirming that there should be no man whom so much wold 
 not satisfie : to him from the Samnytes (he being a rosting rapes) 
 was presented a great masse of gold, but des[)i.sing that goodly 
 shew, he told them he liked very well to cate such dainties as he 
 had in hand in an ertiien dish, and to rule those who had gold. 
 Of all the large and wcltliy spoyles by liim recovered ol" the enimy,
 
 96 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 he reserved but one gay wodden chaine, it was no doubt some 
 matter of great price for the workmanship : The fewe bagges 
 of P. Scipio Aeraihus, M. AemiHus Scaurus father, a Patritian of 
 Home, getting his living by playing the Collyer : the nedynesse 
 of Epaminondas who was driven to borowe thirtie shillings when 
 he entred Morea in armes, refusing Jasons crowns and the mighty 
 king of Persians thousands : Photion was no mony man, whom 
 when Antipater would with greate summes have hyred, to have 
 unjustly delte, answered he could not both bee a friende and a 
 flatterer. Many hundreds might be named, that were sounde 
 stakes to their countries, and for all their povertie, would not cry 
 Quid xultis mihi dare, neither yet received when it was forced. 
 O wold to God, that in places of judgement and justice, and in 
 the harts of all executioners and makers of Law, Epaminondas his 
 opinion were graven : not to be brought from his country with 
 any price, not to be led to do a thing unlawful for any gaine, and 
 what right and vertue did require for vertues sake, freely to do it. 
 Cato Uticensis was of the same minde. Come not into the sacred 
 Senate (for so may I well terme it) with that ragged robe of cove- 
 tous and Bribery; eschew it worse than the infection of pestilence, 
 leave it to brokers, to exchaungers, lay it in the merchants ware- 
 house, bequeath it to the usuring Jewes : for if it catch holde in 
 A'ou, farewel religion, farewel morality, farewel justice, farewel 
 discharge of duty, farewel truth, farewel care of good fame, yea 
 farewel your owne contentemente how gay so ever the matter 
 secmes : If for affection you stretch a string, you cannot be ex- 
 cused, for tho it carry some shew to beare with your friende, yet 
 is it none indedc, for your Country is the only marke you must 
 slioote at. As for particulars, they are not ineidcnte to the cause. 
 Aristides (termed the Just) was so precise in the time of hys 
 governcment of Athens, that hee avoydcd the amity and famili- 
 arity almost of all, bycause he would not be entreated by any to 
 do unjustly. Cieon, when he tokc the charge of the common 
 wealth uj)pon him, called all his friendes, renounced their friend- 
 ^liips, alledging that amytie was a stop many times to the right 
 cours(; of Justice : he renounced affection, he cryed out of envy, 
 he detested too well standint; in livs own eonecite. Anotlier
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 97 
 
 way. Sir Thomas Androwes, a worshipfull Knighte of North- 
 amptonshire, was by a yeomanly man his neyghbour thoughte to 
 be sometime too much afFectioned to the matter he Hked well, to 
 whom he brought a great Brawne : the servaunt letting his 
 maister the knight understand of thys present, retourned him to 
 knowe the givers name, which hearing, he could not call to re- 
 membrance any suche, but forth he comes ; the presenter doth 
 hys errand, prayes his maistership to take in good part this poore 
 pigge, and with very lowe cursey wishes it better. Sir Thomas 
 sawe the Swyne was good with mustarde, accepted the gifte, de- 
 maunding his neighbour why hee was at that coste with hym, 
 sith he neither knew him, nor ever had done him any pleasure. 
 True it is (quoth he, with a long leg in his hose,) neither will I 
 require you to doe mee any: But I bestowe thys hog on your 
 worship, that you shall do mee no harme. Here is a new kind of 
 Brybery, which this country man was driven to (as he thought) 
 by the parcial affection he feared in Sir Thomas. The like in 
 effecte fell out betwene an Essex farmer and maister Anthonie 
 Browne in Q . IMaries time (a whyle chiefe of the Common pleyes), 
 a man of good spirite and well rcade, who having used the helpe 
 of his neighbours towards hys building besides Burnedwood, till 
 they were weary, and denyed further supply : the house must up, 
 my Lords Balife will have carts for love or money, and so he 
 offers largely for both : the tourne is served, my friendes Carters 
 must all dine, out comes the stewarde, willing such as bounded 
 for good will, to come and feed in the parlor, and the mony 
 people to hinde it in the hall : my farmer at the O yes went and 
 walked his stations abroade, and behig demanded whether he 
 woulde be a gentleman or a yeoman, he saidc neither in this re- 
 spect, for (quoth he) for good will I tlo it not, for 1 owe him none, 
 nether for money, for I force not of so much ; but for feare, and 
 therefore 1 see no rome for me. I j)ray you answcare mee, if 
 you had a matter in lawe before any Jiidge in I'^iigUuuU', and hee 
 bhoulde either by eorru[)tion or blindefelde alleetion wreste a pin 
 againste you and overthrowe you, eonlrary to Jusliee, woulde you 
 not judge hanging too good lor such a coyfe nianne, yes assured- 
 ly. Then in the parliament, where you silte to nud<e laws, wherby
 
 9 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 Master Judge himself and all the rest are to be governed, if you 
 be brybed with pelfe, or led by liking of a perticular to beguik 
 your trusters, to bynde and poll innocents, to wrong the righteous, 
 and to set the welfare of your country at nought. If Cambises 
 pluckte the skinne over Sisamnes eares for lewde judgement in 
 particular causes, what fleying and torment is not too good for 
 the corrupt lawmaker, who is supra judicem ? If malice and envie 
 shall so reigne in you, as to disgrace the holsome advices of your 
 countrey, you will refuse the matter, bicause you fansie not the 
 man, and cavill without cause, not onely to have the motion re- 
 jected, but also the partie deserving well unsemely to be barked 
 at, not only by your self, but by other pupsies of your own heare, 
 the like detryment as before shall happen to your country. Yea 
 and more infamy if more may be, shall lyghte on you, if it so 
 were that unkindnesse or rather implacable wrath, yea the Nor- 
 thern deadely fude were betwene you and some other : ye ought 
 to come to the Parliament counsell lincked in amity, sounde in 
 fidelity, and perfect in sincerity one with another, and as a teame 
 of horses must draw all togither, so muste you wholly joyne to 
 your businesse. There are many times unruely Jades, unagreeing 
 and lanching one at another, being out of their gares, but in the 
 carte they fall to as they should, else he that loyters most, or 
 playes too much the gallant, is well lambde for his labor, comes 
 home as weary as the rest, is up in Royles stable, and if he sooner 
 mende not his manners, Maister Miller must have him, who will 
 coole hys courage with halfc a dosen sackes on his backe, and he 
 on the top. The weight shall make him amble and manerly tread, 
 and sooner he shall be laide on for groning, than for kicking : so 
 if malice and displeasure to others shall make you to stomach 
 them abrodc, yet in counsel for your country draw together, else 
 will you be ready for the Miller, who will lay harde hande on you, 
 I meane the honest and wise meaning gentleman, not by batting, 
 but by condemning your unruled apetite, and lamenting your 
 maynie. The serpent (for so are all venimous things named) that 
 crepes on the Earth, when for breede sake at the water side he 
 seekes out the Lamprey, hee firste puts forth hys poyson, and as 
 nature hath taught, calles, to whom the Lamprey as willing comes
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 99 
 
 forth : The acte of their kiiide performed, she to the floud, he to the 
 earth, taking up agaiiie his venom, returnes, which if perhap hee 
 finde not, present death ensues. Here do you see that of all 
 creatures the vylest and most accursed doth in daunger of hys life 
 put aside the Avhole substance of the same, by purenesse and 
 cleanenesse to associate hymself with that creature whom he well 
 knowes doth not holde of his mixture, and will rather venture his 
 owne undoing, than hinder that which naturally is appointed. 
 If the Serpent doth thys, following but onely a course by kinde, 
 and is allowed of, how much more is a Parliament man, who by 
 nature, by the coramaundement of God, by the profit redownding 
 to hymselfe, the duty to his Prince and country, bounde to vomit 
 up and to bury in the greatest deepes, that consuming and pes- 
 tiferous canker of Malice, by the which so many mischiefes light 
 uppon the Lampreys good soules that thinke no harme. This 
 Sei*pent is venimous from the beginning, the lacks wherof is his 
 ende. Man by the first fall proceeding by the delusion of the 
 Serpent, is subject to intemperate choler, hate, despite, envy, and 
 many weaknesses more, yet this subjection brings no such neces- 
 sity, the malice is so incorporate in a man, as the poyson in the 
 Serpent, for the one cannot have being without venome, the other 
 most quiet and assured life here without malice and a very good 
 token of a better tourne after his disceasse. What a Jewel love 
 and unity is, dignity doth teach : what ovcrthrowe to states and 
 kingdomes doth hap by devision and discorde, scripture doth no 
 better shewe, than dayly experience confirmes, this great Monster, 
 thys daungerous consumer, this unrecoverable spoyler, most com- 
 monly takes foote by tritles, is nourished by trifles, growes mad 
 by trifles, and triflingly in the ende brings itselfe to naught, and 
 as many more as it can. As small sparkes kindled in back corners 
 many times spredde to such large flames as the finest buildings 
 and the greatest cities be thereby brought to ashes, so first un- 
 kindnesse conceived of tales, cncrcased with overweaning oi" a 
 mans selfe, and made ripe with choler, overthrowes the making 
 of holsome lawes, the due execution of those that be made, brings 
 continual disquietnesse to all that any way be sib to the matter, 
 private slaughters, furious actions, neglected duties, hatelul com-
 
 100 ADMONITION BY THE IPATHER OF F. A. 
 
 panies, jealous assemblies, civill warres, ruine to the common 
 \velth, and condemnation for the immortal power. Themistocles 
 and Aristides, the rulers of the Athenians state, did often jar, and 
 were but hollow friends: but when they joyned in the service of 
 their countr}'^ either to field to strike it out, or to Ambassage to 
 reason the businesse, they laide aside their old and usual hart 
 burnings, and at their retourne resumed them again. Phocion 
 for no offence would be displeased with his neighbour Citizen, 
 Livius. Salinator being Consul with Claudius Nero his contrary, 
 sought his friendship, least by their disagreement, the common 
 welth shoulde receive harme. Cato Uticensis as he most stoutely 
 stoode against all men, yea Caesar himselfe, in the behoofe of the 
 common welth, so did he never stur up in minde any unkindnes 
 or injury done to him in perticular. Cretin of Magnesia seing 
 the City in daunger by the comming foreward of Methridates 
 conquests, and doubting more peril to it by the ambition of Her- 
 mias his fellow countryman and his misliker, perceiving that the 
 stomack of one town could not disgest two so contrary mates, 
 made him this offer, to choose whether he would defend the town 
 at home, or spend his time abroade ? Hermias left the helme to 
 him, departed the town well furnished by Cretins liberality, who 
 contrary to all expectation holds his owne, where the snarling 
 vvyth Hermias woulde have more wronged his country than the 
 enemies weapons. In these persons their love to the state was 
 extraordinary, their deepe considerations rare, and their treading 
 down of affections, a thousande thousande times to be extolled. 
 The Lacedemonians, bycause they would have their children 
 eschew dronkennesse, they used theyr slaves by overmuche taking 
 in their cuppes to play the hanykin beastes, and then were the 
 youthes broughte to see that so swinishe and unnatural sight, 
 which they coulde not but abhor, and the sooner beare awaye, to 
 avoyde such errors. In like manner, if you will beholde the ma- 
 licious and collericke man in his vaine, all the parts of his body 
 shakes, he is Paraliticus, his colour either is earthly, or very ex- 
 trcamc crymson, his eyes fyry, his visage wryed unnaturally, his 
 voyce lost and abated, his experience forgotten, and lastlie his 
 sen^-es cleane ovcrthrowne : he presupposeth that his wilfulnes
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A, lOT 
 
 is setlednesse, his threatning, corrage, his cruell disposition, a 
 token of an invincible minde, his scolding, hate of vices, his heate, 
 zeale, that he is temperate and yet Tom-bedlems worse, and in fine 
 judging liimselfe not to wante any vertue, hee wants all : that he 
 is sober, yet berayes himselfe every daye fowler than the beastlie 
 Baccalean : that forsooth hee is a good Maister of fence, and yet 
 well knockt by every boy, and in hys best cunning breakes his 
 foles face with his owne weapon. These persons be of weake 
 natures, voide of learning, deprived of reason, blind in judgement, 
 forsaking remedy, refusing advices, given over to their owne ap- 
 petites, carelesse to loose their friendes, heedelesse to purchase 
 enimies, ready to strike for every wagging of a strawe, patter they 
 care not what, and so assuredly gracelesse, and not to be accom- 
 panied with. If you would be rid of this infirmity, beholde your 
 selfe in a glasse when these passions come upon you. If you be 
 scratched by the face, you will call to see your hurt, to viewe your 
 malicious collericke minde, which will appeare in your visage with 
 greater disgrace than tearings to the bone : will you sende for 
 Galen, if he were alive to helpe your head ake ? will you entreate 
 the Marchaunt from the Mollucce to bring you spice, to comfort 
 yourr disgestion, and will you not putte to the sea, sende your 
 factours, yea go your selfe to Anticera, out of that friendly He to 
 bring home the hole bottomes full of that beneficial herbe Hel- 
 leborus to mollify your malice, to banishe your coller, and to 
 make you forswcare your fury, stick not to bestovve some pence 
 upon the confection Nepenthes, which will ease this want. Chil- 
 dren and fooles, and some weake women growc in frensies when 
 they may not have iheyr owne wills : the child saith, give me 
 some of dat, or I will tell my mother : the foole if you please not 
 him, he will bite his owne flesh and see who shall have the worste: 
 the good wife, if hir trinckets be forgotten, she j)uts the finger in 
 the eye, bytes the lip, and jx-rhaps sweares knave, and all for 
 lacke of a ladle or such like. Let the furious envious man at his 
 homc-comming revolve his actions, and he shall perceive not all 
 well, unlesse he will j)erlorce be blinde: It' he have shamed him- 
 selfe, and injured his better, what helper how can this be salved? 
 with crying PeccuriY that goes harde in a Parliament liouse, in 
 
 p
 
 102 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 secrete so to say will not serve, for that the partie wronged hath 
 no full recompence. Beholde some of our ordinary creatures, and 
 you shall see such implacable disposition in them, as shew greatly 
 the collerick man. The Backe being in hand, will not leave 
 hyting hir selfe : the Badger kepte perforce from his usual liber- 
 tie, makes no spare of his owne flesh : and master Jacke Dawe 
 (a daylie acquaintaunce of our poore men that dwell in thatched 
 houses) will rather dye for pevishnesse, than take bread at their 
 hands who willingly give it. Such a bug beast was Stesiphon, 
 who would bite his Moyle by the eare for stumbling and kicking, 
 Moyle it wyth his heeles at the poore Asse. I once knew a gentle- 
 man at Boules, who not liking of his fortune, made a quarrell to 
 his Boule, fynding faulte therewith, ofte throwing it againste the 
 pales in great choller, by chaunce or what I know not, at laste it 
 rebounded against hys shynnes, and welfavoredly brake them 
 both, wherwyth the Dagger comes out to revenge this mischaunce 
 on this poore peece of wood, and snapping thereuppon, the Scot- 
 tishe blade was snapt in peeces: O dirum f acinus et quovis anirtm 
 creduli dignum. Alexander that glorious Conqueror and great 
 Monarche, endued with so many good partes and gifts of nature, 
 never touched his honor, but by this filthy choller and fury, 
 whyche hee being possessed wyth, most unadvisedly slewe his 
 faithful and well advised follower Clito, brother to Hellanice, nurse 
 or rather mother to Alexander, as liymself accompted, who had at 
 the journey of Granico saved his lyfe from the blouddy fistes of 
 Spitkridute. And Phesas played the tirant upon Calisthenes, 
 most cruelly mured up with a Lion that odde Macedonian leader 
 Lisimachus. The lettes that 0/inipias his mother conceived 
 against Antipater the Lieuetenante of all Macedoni/ in hys ab- 
 sence, hir continual complaints to hir sonne of him, made Alex- 
 ander first loose a good servaunt, and after his owne life. Carn- 
 bises that frantike king of Persia, by fury and light taking of 
 displeasure, slewe his owne brother Snterdis, killed and repudiated 
 his wife jJlossa, for condemning the Acte, and upon a time putting 
 a lyon and a dogge together to prove maisterics, the dogge put to 
 the worse, an other of the same litter taking parte to helpe, at 
 which sighte his other wife Meroa ruing the death of Smeidisy
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 103 
 
 who founde no succor or ayde, at the last he commaunded to be 
 dispatched. Presastes his sounde and assured at all assaies, upon 
 his owne demaunde, for councelling some abstinence from his 
 dayly carowsing (a thing misliked among the Persians) led with 
 fury, forgetting all reputation that the duety to him had well de- 
 served, and so much of justice as is lamentable, playde Will 
 Sommer, stroke hym (as it were) that was nexte, tooke the sonne 
 of Presastes, clave his harte with a speare for dispitc before his 
 fathers face, caused it to be plucked out, and shewed how right 
 he could hit for all his cups. Sophias the Emprises pevish minde 
 and malice did hardl}'^ rewarde that famous and fortunate defender 
 of the Empire Narses, to the great detr3'mente of the same : and 
 manye more but for spence of time, might be rehearsed, whose 
 sodaine choller, fury, and untcmpcrate rage, hath caused full oft 
 to be wise after, and repente their biindfolde executions. Did not 
 Xerxes that mighty king of Persia in an other manner of distem- 
 perature, for the eft'ecte of his doings, shew(; himselfe a tall gentle- 
 man, at his coming downe upon Grecia with an unusual army 
 for the greatnesse of the multitude, and understanding Mardonius 
 his forgoing Captaine had loste many of his people at the moun- 
 tayne Athos in Thracia by meanes of the Strcightes and perillous 
 passage thereof: lie writes his thrcatning Letters to the Rocke, 
 that he will hewe it in pccces, bury it in the sea, make an Ilande 
 of it (which with an inestimable charge hee did) if he suffred no 
 better passage to the Persians. Himself comming to the sea at 
 Hellespont, commaunded a bridge to be made to passe him and 
 his company over, which ovcrthrownc by Tempest, some of the 
 workemen hee hangs, some other hee cuttes their noses off, some 
 other puttes their eyen out : hee makes the sea to be canvast with 
 cudgels, he throwes fetters and gyves into it, to imprison the wa- 
 ters. \V hat lamcnta]>le foiiie is here, that Afrrrs- slicwes, wliiclie 
 unadvised clujUer brings hym to, and makes hym loilowe so soone 
 with rooted aiul implacable malice, on sueii who receive no detri- 
 ment therby, but himselfe divers wayes greatly harmed. Be it, 
 that injury be offred you wrongfullv aiul unworthy, by odyous 
 sj)eeehes, or unseemely actes, remember Philip of Macedom', of 
 whom Arcadian did nothing but rayle and lye, and that openlye
 
 104 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 alwayes, and in all places. It so hapned thnt this Squire was 
 met with in Philips country by the kings servauntes, who advised 
 sharpe paymente for his paines : that would not be heard, but 
 Philip sent presents to his lodging and gently dismissed him. 
 After, demaunding of Arcadians behavior, it was retourned, that 
 none bestirres himselfe so much in his commendations now as he. 
 Thus may you see (quoth Philip) what a Physition I am : It was 
 tolde him howe the Gretians murmured hardly against him, and 
 was moved by some to revenge the wrong : No (quod he) then 
 will they in deed fourd me bad inough, for if I had ever hurt 
 them, what shall I presuppose they would say. Socrates patience 
 every body knowes, who among other parts of the same, having 
 once drawn his weapon over his servantes head to strike, staying, 
 remembred he was a Philosopher, and in furie, and therfore helde 
 his hand. Pericles, that noble Atheniayi being most opprobriously 
 skolded at in the streates, at the heeles folowed to his own dores 
 by a lewde person, bare it as belonged to so worthye a gentleman, 
 and commaunded his man with torche lighte to bring this gentle 
 guest home. Telecleius king of Lacedemonia answered a brother of 
 his very well, who founde himselfe grieved that the Citizens of 
 Sparta delte hardlyer and lesse dutyfully towards him, than to 
 Telecleius : quoth hee, you misconceive the matter, for you cannot 
 beare any small injury. Antigonus being to his teeth tolde of his 
 unseemely shape and laught at, coldely replied, that then he was 
 much beguilde, for he toke himselfe to be a proper fellow. One 
 shewed Diogenes, varlcts that mocked him, and I, quoth he, find 
 not myself mockt. King Archelaiis, having water powred on his 
 head, satisfied those that woulde have him punish the doer, that 
 the partie threwe it not uppon him, but on one he toke him for. 
 Divers Philosophers woulde not chastise when they Avere angry. 
 
 But to come to our owne time as it were. Let me not trouble 
 3'ou with too long a rable of those pacicnt people, but make an 
 ende with two notorious examples, the one of a late great and 
 Worthy Emperour Charles the Jifte, knowne to many in England 
 nowe living : Tlie other, of a poore Frier Gentleman our countrey- 
 maniie Dan Peto, well kende to niiiny in Queene Maries' tyme. 
 The Emperor lying before Landers)/, where he had certain English
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 105 
 
 souldiers in his ayde, in his greatest glory amidst his owne and 
 waged straungers, a Spaniarde so layd at him, as no more mar- 
 velled at the lewdenesse of the person (whose country yeeldes 
 obedient and patient men to the magistrate and no lavishmouthed 
 whelps with such furious extremity) than at the mildnesse and 
 curtious answere of so mighty a prince. The Spaniarde hightes 
 him the sonne of a whore, a Bougger, a Marano, the most odious 
 name with that nation, and as many more, as eyther Ruffian or 
 Rogue can devise. Charles lokes at him, saying, Hahla Cortes- 
 ment saldado, wythout any further sturre. Father Peto I meane 
 for age of whom I might also well thynke, but that hys Friers 
 weede who purchased hym a king Henry knocke, stayes me for 
 saying too well of hym : yet his patience and answere, shewed 
 him no ordynary Franciscane, but a well meaning Fryer, if any 
 of that Courte can so do; at the olde swan beside London Bridge, 
 with two or three wyth him, the olde fellowe takes boate to the 
 Courte at White Hal, which newe launched from the shoare, one 
 from land sendes hym a brickbatte, and therewiih such a palte on 
 the brest, that downe fell the feble Frier halfe dead : some of hys 
 company bussling to the steare to reprehende this lewde or lau- 
 dable doer (take hym as you will) Peto stayde, saying, the stone 
 was not cast at hym, but at his graye robe, for (quoth he) if the 
 party knewe me, he would have staide his hande. Jf such cha- 
 ritable forbearing be commendable where men are so hardely 
 delte with, how much then is to be condemned, that yre and 
 choller, which as I sayd, kindled of nothing, growes of that moste 
 pestilent plague of envy and malice. Follow the sound doing of 
 him who is wary what speeches he uses, and glories in suireruunce, 
 and not that fether headed fellow, who braves in his furious and 
 chollerike words, and loves himselfe the worse when he bears 
 any thing. Plutarch gave good councel to Traian the Hmperour, 
 willing pacience in all occurents, niildenesse iu actions, and to 
 forbeare the hasty witlesse Brayncs. If by ytxir sj)t('C'iu's in the 
 Parliament you seke vaine glorye by far fetched el()(|uence and 
 nedelesse phrases, delating the matter to shew the ripenesse of 
 your judgement more than directly to go to the cause and make 
 it understood, you may well shewe some great Horish of great
 
 KX) ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 substance, which in the end will be found but froath, and all the 
 sturre but fill mens eares full of dynne, who will finde that the 
 stuffe smelles of the Candel, and deeme you had bin better oc- 
 cvpved to have spente a Torche in travelling to learne the nature 
 of the lawe you woulde speake of, than a candels ende in study to 
 play the Charlatane, to put your selfe to sale. The olde, grave, 
 wyse and well experienced Parliament man, if he discourse of any 
 cause, if he shewe hys opynion, if bee laye before you what his 
 long yoares hath taughte hym, he playes not, as the Hob of 
 Hornechurche, who having never sene London before, nor Lon- 
 don scene hvm, in hys Christmas sute sente to Bartholmewe faire, 
 entering at White Chappel, buyes nothing but gaping seede, per- 
 suaded that as he is delighted to gaze, so others omitte not to 
 loke on hym, wherby it is night ere bee commeth to Aldegate, 
 and so as wise as Waltons Calfe, is fayne to retorne home more 
 foole than he came, for spending of horsemeate. And why for- 
 sooth r bycause he hath bin so long in the suburbes, as he lost his 
 market in the Citye. This man I see makes not a millers thumbe 
 of his Oration, whose heade is bigger than all the body, unpro- 
 portionable, neither yet without bed and all tayle, neither tike 
 fashion all belly, but as muche of every one as is needeful. Eng- 
 lish man like, bee uses good woordes, the matter well declares his 
 sounde meaning, hys countenaunce shewes the inwarde manne, 
 the welding of hys body tells me he bath bin trayned in other 
 places than Home Church. He is as well contented to heare as 
 to speake. He confers patiently, wyth modesty, he yeeldes to 
 reason, loves himselfe not the worse if hys Arguments be con- 
 futed, nor envies him whose reason is better allowed of, but em- 
 braces the manne greatly for himselfe. If his advise carry the 
 house, he prowdes not, but rejoyces hys country takes good, and 
 the house reputation : he doth not wyth fleering taunting words, 
 nor importunate yelling, snatch at hys contraries, nor desire their 
 wantes to be scene, but fellowe counsellor like, layes some reasons 
 before them, famyliarly confers with them, and friendlye manye 
 times beares with the collerick and unseemly speeches which men 
 too well deeming of themselves too often utter without cause. 
 If he play Alexanders part, by being a man, as errare, lahi, et
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 10? 
 
 decipi hominis est, if hee kyll Clito wrongfully, if he treade amisse, 
 he shameleslye beares it not off wyth head and shoulders, he re- 
 pentes virginlike his errour, and doth not Pickepursse fashion 
 face out a lye; till just mends be made, he bewailes his mishap, 
 (as Alexander did most noblie in that hys action), he conceives no 
 priviledge by being in Parliament to injure any man with oppro- 
 brious tauntes, a lamentable fault in such men : he playes not the 
 parte, whiche once an auncient gentleman and grave counceller 
 tolde me he had scene some doe, which was, so intemperatly, 
 rudely, rashly, and malitiously to use some in that place, as he 
 assured hymselfe he thought they durst not doe in an Ale-house, 
 for feare of a knock with a pot. There are some who alwayes 
 love to heare themselves talke, and thinke their smokj'c forced 
 eloquence, sweete perfume and pleasantc melody to mens cares. 
 They whip it, they lay on load, tlio sometime and for tlie most 
 parte they want learning : their Accentes are heeded, the Paren- 
 theses perfourmed, Allegories not forgotten, olde stories brought 
 in, sackfuls of auncient sentences, and after the S[)anish Fryers 
 manner, they more hanne the pulpit with knocking thereon, than 
 benefit the audience, more disquiet themselves by broyling in 
 theyr wollen weedes, than move the hearers with matter of sub- 
 stance, and finally, haue so great care of gay wordes, picked 
 speeches and phrases, ordering of their voyces (and as I may say), 
 traversing their grounde, as they so muchc forget their matter, 
 that as they never know what tiiey have sayde : so parts their 
 churche Auditours as well taughte as my Lord Maiors horse when 
 his good Lord is at the Sermon at the Crosse. Strdtocles and 
 Denioc/ides were Oratours at Athe/is, yet so may I not well terme 
 them, but rather Italian Iriacle sellers, who never were but prat- 
 ing to the ])eoj)le, not to j)rofit tiie common weahli, but to fill 
 their owne pinses by tiicyr Lampe studied ware, ratiier to delight 
 tiian to (l(j good, in so niuehe as thev used bc^wene ihenisi'lves 
 in nioeki TV, to aske wbetiier thev shoulde <^oe to their goldi' har- 
 vest, ibex- melt who earrv their baits in their loiiLiiie, and not 
 ll)eir toiiLCiies in tlieir harte>, these wonien^ ebibbiii Oratours, 
 these goscHngs talkers, should be (Kite withal, a^ a \i'ry iViende 
 of vours and mine jVlaister Nicb(ila> I'xaiudiide (\\bo>e honest
 
 108 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 gentlemanlye myrth yet remaynes) dealt with a man of good 
 countenance of Leistershire in his owne house : The tale is some- 
 what homely, but no homelier than well done, and so well, as tho 
 it were much homelier, it were the homelyest parte of all to leave 
 it forgotten. A company of good fellow gentlemen, being at 
 bourde with this housekeeper, with whome Maister Beamonde 
 made one, th . goodman of the house had all the talke, when the 
 cuppes were well gone about the bourde, others would have also 
 had some wordes, but it would not be. When mine hoaste had 
 wearied all the company, and himselfe very well contented wyth 
 the harmonic of his owne fiddle, which still he was doing with, 
 Maister Beamond, who as you know is not amisse made for the 
 purpose, let goe a rouncing poupe, which base was hearde above 
 the counter-tenor, or past meane of the wearysom melodic, not 
 only of the assistants, but of the Musitian, who demaunding what 
 the matter was, master Nicholas answered, he craved leave for a 
 word that way, for otherwise he could get none. Whether it 
 were well done or no, I can not tell, but I am sure it did and hath 
 moved good laughter, and perhaps done no harme to some greate 
 talkers that heare the same, I would to God these talkative folke 
 would but thinke how little good they do, what great paines they 
 take, how they wery themselves and others, how men smyle at 
 their follies and they see it not, sure they are alwayes of the wise 
 used, as Aristotle used one, who with a long proces de Lana Ca- 
 prina had pattred unto him, in the ende, quoth he, Sir I have 
 thus troubled you with my speeche, not a whit (quoth Aristotle) 
 for I toke no heede to any word you spake. Demosthenes was 
 an odde Orator of hys time, as his Orations nowc extante do very 
 well witnesse, and would you not thinke that he that found fault 
 with them for length, wente aboutc to finde a knot in a rush, and 
 yet Phocion was prcfered before him, whose workes (more the 
 pity) we have not, for his short, compendious, substanciall, and 
 sounde speech. If Demosthenes be long, who is short, to speake 
 of our common talkers ? Againe, there are divers other very 
 grave, wise, learned, and j^crfect deeming men, who never or very 
 seldome s[)eake in parliament, of which some 1 have knowen my- 
 selfe and lamented tlieir dumbnesse, bycause their speeches I am
 
 ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 109 
 
 assured most plentifully would profit our common weltli. The 
 men I honor for themselves, but more for the good parts in them, 
 which sith God hath so liberally bestowed, I woulde beseech them 
 and all others able to speake, not to put their lights under a 
 Bushel. Pithagoras made a lawe, that the tong tyed man who 
 could not speake, should be driven out of the state : and then 
 (with reverence I write it) what blame are they worthy to have, 
 who can, and will not, and in that place where most neede is 
 where by their uttrance most fruite may be gathered (and their 
 ability most able to performe it). As no man can commend a 
 yong experienced man who shall put foorthe himselfe in counsel 
 to shewe his opinion before the aunciente and yeare beaten fathers, 
 so what good minde will not grieve to see the studied Doctours 
 still, and the Children dispute in matters of great weight : both 
 doth well. Do not mistruste your own ability, as Theophrastus 
 did, who taking upon him to play the Oratour, when he came to 
 it, could not utter any one word. You speake among 3'our coun- 
 trymen, 3'ou speake for your countries advauncement, and like a 
 Countryman of the wisest you shall be accepted. Although hap- 
 pily all things should not fall out so point devise as either you 
 wish or others loke for. Isocrates that famous Oratours childishe 
 timerousnesse who can allovve of, who in Condone never durste 
 open his lippes? As this maidenly bashfulnesse is to be diswaded, 
 so againe Cicero the Dad of the Romayne eloquence, his careful 
 heade is to be followed, who with a warely feare entred Orations. 
 The erst named Pericles, unwilling spake publikly, yet never 
 omniitted his furtherance where it coulde profitte iiis Country. 
 Wherfore as dainty regarde of speech is to bee imbraced, so dum- 
 nesse according to Pithagoras is utterly to be bannishcd. If you 
 will not speake, dure not, or cannot, let another have place. Eng- 
 land is iuj graunge, it can sufficientlye supj)ly J'arlianicnt men. 
 Thus (as you sec) have 1 tumbled my tubbc, and found uiyselle 
 occupied to lay before you with good meaning (wlurcoiiL I truste 
 yon inay reaj)e some profit) the notes niiiulcd in my passed ycares, 
 and now for tliis present called to remenibranee. 1 beseech God 
 you and all of this counsel of Pailiauient both now and alwayes 
 hereafter, in all causes and at all times may be lincked in one 
 

 
 no ADMONITION BY THE FATHER OF F. A. 
 
 Iconcorde, friendship, and amytie, imbracing and respecting the 
 wealth and estate of your Countrey, that experience, learning, 
 and w isedome abounde in you, that your heartes be of flynte, not 
 of waxe, wherin threats may not enter, fayre words have working, 
 nor briberie leave print, private affections to bee quite banished, 
 malice and furie utterly forsworn, selfe lyking detested, vaine bab- 
 lative speeches cryed aut of, needful words and tymes observed 
 and tended, and finally, your trust (as becomes j'our lykes) dis- 
 charged, wherby religion shall be stablished and maynteyned, the 
 Prince strengthned and assured, the Nobilitie honored and en- 
 creased, the meaner sorte merelye enjoy their labour with duetifull 
 mindes to serve wyth body and pursse their country and king, and 
 with acknowledging due honour to their Peeres, which will 
 make not only the present age, but our posteritie con- 
 tinually to sing Te deiim and Hosaima in ex- 
 celsis for the pleasaunt and adamant state 
 which England dwellers may justly 
 vaunt of, which to graunt and 
 continue in seculum secu- 
 lorum, God sende. 
 Amen. 
 
 F I NM S.
 
 THE 
 
 CHRISTMAS PRINCE 
 
 IN lOffr.
 
 AN ACCOUNT 
 
 OF 
 
 C^e C|)ri0tmas i^ritice, 
 
 AS IT WAS EXHIBITED IN 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, 
 IN THE YEAR 1607. 
 
 NOW FIRSr PUBLISHED FROM THE ORIGINAL MANUSCRIPT. 
 
 Pro Arh 
 
 et Focis. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 PRINTED BY T. BKNSLEY AND SON, 
 
 Bolt C\>url, lli.t .Slr.tl ; 
 
 I'OR ROBERT I'RIPIIOOK, I'i, OLD BOM) STREET 
 
 MIlCCCXVI.
 
 TO 
 
 THE PRESIDENT, FELLOWS, 
 
 AND 
 
 SCHOLARS 
 
 OF 
 
 ST. JOHN BAPTIST COLLEGE, 
 
 IN THE 
 
 UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD, 
 
 Cfjts Curious B^ecortr 
 
 OF 
 
 AN ANCIENT CUSTOM IN THEIR SOCIETY, 
 IS RESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED, 
 
 THE PUBLISHER.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 The histor}' and antiquities of a country are never better illus- 
 trated than by a view of its early manners and customs, and in 
 this investigation the sports of the populace, and the recreations 
 of those in a higher situation in life, afford, perhaps, the best and 
 most certain means of information. Thus, from the religious 
 spectacles of our earlier ancestors, and from the dramatic repre- 
 sentations of such as have more immediately preceded us, we 
 obtain a pretty accurate idea of their general feelings and accus- 
 tomed behaviour. 
 
 From a consideration that any document which might assist 
 in this illustration would not be looked on as useless or uninterest- 
 ing, the publisher has been induced to offer to his readers the t'ol 
 lowing account of a Christmas Prince, as it was performed in 
 Saint John's College, in the University of Oxford, in 1607. Of its 
 authenticity no doubt can possibly exist; it was written by an eye- 
 witness of, and performer in, the sports ; and is now printed, for 
 the first time, from the original manuscript preserved in the Col- 
 lege Library, 
 
 There can be little difficultv in assis2;nin<>; the oriiiin of The 
 Christmas Prince to a custom of high anticjuity and i^enerai 
 usage -This was the feast of the I^oy Bishop, as it was called, a 
 ceremouv which was celebrated with great sjjjciidor on the fcasl 
 of St. Nicholas, or the Holy Itnioeents. On this occasion it was 
 customary, in all cathedral churches, (and probahlv in most large 
 and opnicnt parishes,) for sonx' oiu' of the children of the elioir to 
 bearilie titli- and state (^t a bishop, to wear the episcopal robes, 
 and to exact obedience troni his eonipanion-, who wcw habited 
 like priests : nav, singular as it nia\ ajipear, lliev took posses- 
 sion of the church; and, excej)l mass., perlornud all the ceremo-
 
 VIU ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 nies and offices of religion. In Brand's '' Observations on Po- 
 pular Antiquities," as well as in the " Posthuma" of the learned 
 John Gregory, printed in 1630, various authorities are quoted, and 
 many extracts given, which prove the antiquity of this custom; 
 and Warton, in the " History of English Poetry," conceives that 
 traces of this religious mockery may be discovered as far back as 
 the Constantinopolitan Synod in the year 867- Be this as it may, 
 it is certain that the ceremony prevailed in England in the reign 
 of Edward the First, as that Prince, on his way to Scotland, in the 
 year 1299, permitted one of these boy-bishops to say vespers 
 before him in his chapel at Heton, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 
 and made a present to the performers of forty shillings, no incon- 
 siderable sum in those days. (Wardrobe Account, 28 Ed. I. in 
 the " Archaeologia.") 
 
 The ceremonial of the Boy-bishop was put dow^n by Henry 
 the Eighth in 1342, by a proclamation setting forth, that 
 " whereas heretofore dyvers and many superstitious and chyldysh 
 observauncis have be used, and yet to this day are observed and 
 kept, in many and sundry partes of this realm, as upon Saint 
 Nicholas, the Holie Innocents, and such like; children be 
 strangelie decked and apparayled to counterfeit priests, bishops 
 and women, and to be ledde with songes and dances from house 
 to house, blessing the people and gathering of money ; and boyes 
 do singe masse and preache in the pulpitt, with such other un- 
 fittinge and inconvenient usages, rather to the derysyon than anie 
 true glory of God, or honour of his Sayntes : the Kynge's Ma- 
 jestic wylleth and commaundeth that henceforth all such super- 
 stitious observations be left and clerely extinguished throwout all 
 this realme and dominions," &.c. Although the custom was re- 
 vived by queen Mary at the restoration of the Catholick religion, 
 it was, of course, again put aside when Elizabeth succeeded to 
 the crown, and from that time is no longer heard of. 
 
 From the Boy Bishop the Christmas Prince may then be 
 supposed to derive his origin. Whilst the tonner was bearing 
 sway in the ecclesiastical foundations, the latter was elected to 
 celebrate the festivities of Christmas in the King's palace, at the
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. IX 
 
 seats of the nobility, at the universities, and in the Inns of court. 
 " In the Feast of Christmas, (says Stow in his " Survey of London,") 
 there was in the King's house, wheresoever he lodged, a lord of 
 misrule, or. master of merry disports, and the like had ye in the 
 house of every nobleman of honour or good worship, were he spi- 
 ritual or temporal." The custom prevailed till the ascendancy of 
 the puritans during the civil war; and some idea of the expense, 
 and general support it received, may be formed from the account 
 of the Gray's Inn Prince (which will be noticed presently), and an 
 extract from one of the Strafford Papers. The latter is from a 
 letter written by the Rev. G. Garrard to the Earl of Strafford, 
 dated Jan. 8, 1635. 
 
 " The Middle Temple House have set up a prince, who car- 
 ries himself in great state; one Mr. Vivian a Cornish gentleman, 
 whose father Sir Francis Vivian was fined in the star-chamber 
 about a castle he held in Cornwall, about three years since. He 
 hath all his great officers attending him, lord keeper, lord trea- 
 surer, eight white staves at the least, captain of his pensioners, 
 captain of his guard, two chaplains, who on Sunday last preached 
 before him, and in the pulpit made three low legs to his excel- 
 lency before they began, which is much laughed at. M\' lord 
 chamberlain lent him two fair cloths of state, one hung up in the 
 hall under which he dines, the other in his privy chamber ; he is 
 served on the knee, and all that come to see him kiss his hand on 
 their knee. My lord of Salisbury hath sent him pole-axes for his 
 pensioners. He sent to my lord of Holland, his justice in Eyre, 
 for venison, which he willingly sends him ; to the lord mayor and 
 sheriffs of London for wine, all obey. Twelfth- Day was a great 
 day, going to the chapel many petitions were delivered him, which 
 he gave to his masters of the requests. He hath a favourite, whom 
 with some others, gentlemen of great quality, he knighted at his 
 return from church, and dined in great state ; at the going out of 
 the chambers into the garden, when he drank the King's hcahh, 
 the glass being at his mouth he let it fall, which much defaced 
 his purple satten suit, for so he was clothed that day, having a 
 cloke of the same down to his foot, for he mourns for his father 
 
 b
 
 X ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 who lately died. It costs this prince 2000/. out of his own purse. 
 I hear of no other design, but that all this is done to make them 
 fit to give the prince elector, a royal entertainment with masks, 
 dancings, and some other exercises of wit, in orations or arraign- 
 ments, that day that they invite him." 
 
 The writer, or narrator, of the events connected with the 
 Christmas Prince of St. John's was Griffin Higgs, who was de- 
 scended of a respectable and opulent family in Gloucestershire, 
 thougli he was himself born at Stoke Abbat, near Heiilcy on 
 Thames, in 1589- He was educated at St John's, and thence, 
 in 161 1, elected fellow of Merton college, where he distinguished 
 himself, in the execution of the procuratorial duties, as a nian of 
 great courage, thougli, says Wood, of little stature. In 1627 
 he was appointed chaplain to the Queen of Bohemia, by her 
 brother Charles the First, and during his absence, in the per- 
 formance of his duties, was created a doctor of divinity at Ley- 
 den by the learned Andrew Rivet. He returned, after a residence 
 abroad of about twelve years, when he had the valuable rectory 
 of Clive or Cliff, near Dover, and shortly after the deanery of 
 Lichfield, conferred upon him. During the civil wars he was a 
 suft'erer for the royal cause, and, losing his preferment, retired to 
 the place of his birth, where he died in the year \C)59, and was 
 bin"ied in tlie chancel of the church of South Stoke. 
 
 Thomas Tucker, the elected Prince, was born in London in 
 1586, entered at St. John's in I6OI, became fellow of that house, 
 and took holy orders. He afterwards had the vicarage of Pip- 
 ping-burge, or Pemberge, in Kent, and the rectory of }\jrtshead, 
 near Bristol, and finally obtained the third stall in the cathedral 
 church of Bristol, in which he was succeeded, August 25, 1660, 
 by Richard Standfast. 
 
 Of the other performers it would be easy to give some ac- 
 count, but the limits of the present tract deny it. Ol" the con- 
 tributors towards the exj)ense, it may be sufficient to say tiiat they 
 M'ere not j)ersons of inferior rank or c;onsi(leration. Sir V\ illiam 
 Paddv was the favourite ])hysieian of our first James; and the 
 :Mr. Laud, as he is termed in the list of subscribers, was no less a
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. XI 
 
 personage than the noble minded, yet unfortunate, archbisliop of 
 Canterbury. 
 
 It only remains to explain the apparently strange titles of the 
 Prince of St. John's : 
 
 " The most magnificent and renowned Thomas, by the favoiu" 
 of Fortune, Prince of Alba Fortunata, Lord St. Johns, high Re- 
 gent of the Hall, Duke of St. Giles, Marquis of Magdalcns, 
 Landgrave of the Grove, County Palatine of the Cloisters, Chief 
 Bailiff of the Beaumonts, High Ruler of Rome, Master of the 
 Manor of Wahham, Governour of Gloucester Green, Sole Com- 
 mander of all Tilts," &c. The prince of Alho Fortunata alludes, 
 as may be readily conjectured, to the name of the founder. Sir 
 Thomas White-, St, John's, and the Hall, are equally clear; Mag- 
 dalcns is the parish in which a portion of the college stands, and 
 a part of which belongs to the society; the Grove and the Cloisters 
 are again parts of the home domain of the college; I5eaumonts is 
 the name of a portion of land belonging to the college, on which 
 stands the ruin of the palace of Beaumonts, built about the year 
 118 by King Henry the First; Rome is a piece of land so called, 
 near to the end of the walk called ISon Ultra, on the North side of 
 Oxford. The manor of \\^altham, or Walton, is situate in the 
 North suburb of Oxford, and is the property of the college, as is 
 a consideraldc portion of Gloucester-green, which though now 
 better known as the site of an extensive bridewell, was in l607 
 literally a meadow, and without any building more contiguous 
 than Gloucester-hall, from which house it derived its name. 
 
 The only publication of a similar nature to the present is that 
 ofth(> (Jhristmas Prince of Grays Inn, in 1,)94, which was printed 
 in ]f)88, under the following tith;: 
 
 " (jJesIa Grnyonini: or the I listory of the High and mighty 
 Prince, Henry Priiu-e of Pinpoole, Arch- Duke of Stapulia and 
 Bernardia, Duke of High and Nelher Holborn, Martjuis of St.
 
 Xn ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 Giles and Tottenham, Count Palatine of Bloomsbury and Clerk- 
 en well. Great Lord of the Cantons of Islington, Kentish-Town, 
 Paddington, and Knights-bridge, Knight of the most Heroical Or- 
 der of the Helmet, and Sovereign of the same ; Who Reigned and 
 Died, A. D. 1594. Together with a Masque, as it was presented 
 (by his Highness's Command) for the Entertainment of Q. Eliza- 
 beth ; who, with the Nobles of both Courts, was present thereat. 
 London, Printed for W. Canning, at his Shop in the Temple- 
 Cloysters, MDCLXXXVIIL Price one shilhng." 4to. nine 
 sheets, dedicated " To the most honourable Matthew Smyth, Esq. 
 comptroller of the honourable society of the Inner Temple." 
 
 The prince of Purpoole was Mr. Henry Helmes, a Norfolk 
 gentleman, " who was thought to be accomplished with all good 
 parts, fit for so great a dignity; and was also a very proper man 
 of personage, and very active in dancing and revelling." His 
 coffers, like those of the St. John's prince, were filled by voluntary 
 contributors, amongst whom the lord treasurer. Sir William Cecil, 
 sent him ten pounds, and a purse of rich needlework. 
 
 It would be too tedious to recount all the proceedings of this 
 festive court, which, speaking impartially, are exceeded in interest 
 by the naiTative that follows of their successors in Oxford. The 
 performers were however highly applauded by Queen Elizabeth, 
 who expressed her satisfaction in a way peculiar to herself. 
 When the actors had performed their masque, some of her ma- 
 jesties courtiers danced a measure, upon which the queen cried 
 out " What! shall we have bread and cheese after a banquet?" 
 Finally the prince and his officers of state were honoured by 
 kissing her fair hands, and receiving the most flattering commen- 
 dations. The whole amusement terminated in fighting at barriers ; 
 the Earl of Essex, and others, challengers; the Earl of Cumberland 
 and company defendants, " into which number (says the narrator) 
 our prince was taken, and behaved himself so valiantly and skilfully 
 therein, that he had the prize adjudged due unto him, which it 
 pleased her majesty to deliver him with her own hands ; telling him, 
 that it was not her gift, for if it had, it should have been better; but 
 she gave it to him, a^ that prize which was due to his desert, and
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. xiii 
 
 good behaviour in those exercises ; and that hereafter he should 
 be remembered with a better reward from herself. The prize was 
 a jewel, set with seventeen diamonds and four rubies ; in value 
 accounted worth a hundred marks." * 
 
 * It may not be amiss to give the Gray's Inn list of performers, which cor- 
 responds in a great measure with that in the St. John's Prince. It will be re- 
 marked, that some few were afterwards distinguished members in the law. 
 
 [From Gesia Grayorum, page 6.] 
 
 * The order of the Prince of Purpoole's proceedings, with his officers and 
 attendants at his honourable inthronizaiion ; which was likewise observed in all 
 his solemn marches on grand days, and like occasions ; which place every officer 
 did duly attend, during the reign of his highness's government. 
 
 A Marshal. ") f A Marshal. 
 
 Trumpets. j \ Trumpets. 
 
 Pursuevant at Arms, - _ . Lanye. 
 
 Towns-men in the Princes Livery, | C Yeomen of the Guard, 
 with llalberts. J \ three Couples. 
 
 Captain of the Guard, ------ Grimes. 
 
 Baron of the Grand Port, - - - . Dudley. 
 
 Baron of the Base Port, _ _ . . . Graiile. 
 
 Gentiemcn for Entertainment, three Couples, - Binge, &c. 
 
 Barou of the Petty Port, . . - . ff'ilHams. 
 
 Baron of the New Port, ----- Lovel. 
 
 r llentivorth. 
 Gentlemen for entertainment, three couples, ' ' \ Zukcnden 
 
 ^ Forrest. 
 Lieutenant of the Pensioners, . - . Tonstal. 
 
 Gentlemen Pensioners, twelve couples, viz. 
 Laicson. 1 r Rotts. ^ f Davison, 
 
 Dcccreux. \ J Anderson. ( J 
 Sta})l( tun. ( J Glascott. C J cum rc/itjuis. 
 
 DuHul. J I Elkcn. ) L 
 
 Chief Ranger and Master of the Game, - - Forrest. 
 
 Master of liie lievels, _ . - _ Luinbut. 
 
 Master of llie Revellers, - . - - . Tcriry. 
 
 Captain of the Pensioners, _ - - - Cooke. 
 
 Sewer, - - - - - Archer. 
 
 Carver, _-.._. Mostley.
 
 XIV 
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 Another Sewer, ---._- 
 
 - 
 
 Drewry. 
 
 Cup-bearer, - - - - - 
 
 - 
 
 Painter. 
 
 Groom- porter, ... 
 
 - 
 
 Bennet. 
 
 Sheriff", 
 
 - 
 
 Leach. 
 
 Clerk of the Council, - - . 
 
 _ 
 
 Jones. 
 
 Clerk of the Parliament, 
 
 
 
 Clerk of the Crown, _ _ - 
 
 _ 
 
 Downes. 
 
 Orator, _ . . . . 
 
 - 
 
 Heke. 
 
 Recorder, _ _ _ 
 
 _ 
 
 Starkeij. 
 
 Sollicitor, . . - . _ 
 
 - 
 
 Dunne. 
 
 Serjeant, - - . _ 
 
 - 
 
 Goldsmith. 
 
 Speaker of the Parliament, _ _ _ 
 
 - 
 
 Be lien. 
 
 Commissary, - - . - 
 
 _ 
 
 Greenwood. 
 
 Attorney, _____ 
 
 - 
 
 Holt. 
 
 Serjeant, - . _ _ 
 
 - 
 
 Tlitchcombe. 
 
 Master of the Requests, - - - - 
 
 _ 
 
 Fa I do. 
 
 Chancellor of the Exchequer, _ _ - 
 
 . 
 
 Kitts. 
 
 Master of the Wards and Idiots, _ _ - 
 
 - 
 
 Ellis. 
 
 Reader, - _ _ _ . 
 
 . 
 
 Cobb. 
 
 Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, 
 
 - 
 
 Briggs. 
 
 Master of the Rolls, . _ _ 
 
 - 
 
 Hetlen. 
 
 Lord Chief Baron of the Common Pleas, 
 
 _ 
 
 Damporte. 
 
 Lord Chief Justice of the Prince's Bench, 
 
 - 
 
 Crew. 
 
 Master of the Ordnance, 
 
 - 
 
 Fitz-fFilliams. 
 
 Lieutenant of the Tower, _ _ _ 
 
 - 
 
 Lloyd. 
 
 Master of the Jewel-house, _ . _ 
 
 - 
 
 Dnrlen. 
 
 Treasurer of the Household, - _ - 
 
 - 
 
 Smith. 
 
 Knight Marshal, . . 
 
 - 
 
 Bell. 
 
 Master of the Ward-robe, 
 
 - 
 
 Conney. 
 
 Comptroller of the House-hold, 
 
 - 
 
 Bouthe. 
 
 Bishop of St. Giles's in the Fie , 
 
 - 
 
 Dandye. 
 
 Steward of the House-hold, 
 
 - 
 
 Smith. 
 
 Lord Warden of the four Ports, 
 
 - 
 
 Datnporte. 
 
 Secretary of State, . - _ 
 
 - 
 
 Jones. 
 
 Lord Admiral, _ _ . _ 
 
 - 
 
 Cecill (Richard) 
 
 Lord Treasurer, _ _ _ _ _ 
 
 - 
 
 Morrey. 
 
 Lord Great Chamberlain, 
 
 - 
 
 Southworth. 
 
 Lord High Constable, 
 
 
 
 Lord Marslial, _ _ _ - 
 
 - 
 
 Knapolck. 
 
 Lord Privy Seal, .--.-- 
 
 - 
 
 Lamphew. 
 
 Lord Chamberlain of the House-hold 
 
 _ 
 
 Markham. 
 
 Lord High Steward, . .. _ 
 
 _ 
 
 Kcmpe. 
 
 Lord Chancellor, . . . _ 
 
 - 
 
 Johnson.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 XV 
 
 Archbishop of St. Andrews in Holborn, - - Bush. 
 
 Serjeant at Arms, with the Mace, - - - Flemming. 
 
 Gentleman-Usher, ----- Chevelt. 
 
 The Shield of Pegasus, for the Inner-Temple, - Scevington. 
 
 Serjeant at Arms, with the Sword, _ . - Glascott. 
 
 Gentleman Usher, ----- Paylor. 
 
 The Shield of the Griffin, for Grays-Inn, - - ff'ickliffe. 
 
 The King at Arms, . . . - Perkinson. 
 
 The great Shield of the Prince's Arms, - - Cohley. 
 
 The Prince of Purpoole, - _ - . Ilelmes. 
 
 A Page of Honour, - - - - - Wandforde. 
 
 Gentlemen of the Privy Chamber, six Couples. 
 
 A Page of Honour, - - - - - Butler (Roger). 
 
 Vice-Chamberlain, - - - - - Butler (Thomas). 
 
 Master of the Horse, - - - - - Fitz-IIugh. 
 
 Yeomen of the Guard, three Couples. 
 Towns-men in Liveries 
 
 The Family and Followers."
 
 A TRUE AND FAITHFULL RELATION 
 
 THE RI SINGE AND FALL 
 
 OF 
 
 TH03IAS TVCKER 
 
 pcinte at aiba jfominata, %vtt) &t, JIoIjitjS, jc 
 
 WITH ALL THE 
 
 OCCURRENTS WHICH HAPPENED THROUGH-OUT HIS WHOLE DOiAIINA- 
 
 TION. 
 
 T hapned in the yeare of our Lord I607 the 
 31 ot" October beinge All Sayntes Eue, 
 that at night a tier was made in the Hall 
 ot" S*. John Baptist's Colledge in Oxon, 
 accordinge to the custoine and statuts of 
 the same place, at w*^*^ time the whole 
 conipanye or most parte of the Students 
 of the same house mette toogether to bc- 
 ginne their Christmas, of w'^^'' soiTie came 
 to see sports, to witte the Seniors as well Graduates, as 
 Vnder-graduates. Others to make s])orts, viz. Studeiites of 
 the seconde yeare, whom they call Pouldcrlings, others to 
 make sporte w"^ all, of this last sorte were they whome they 
 call Fresh-menn, Punies of the tirst yeare, who are by iiu nu-anes 
 admitted to be agents or behoulders of those sports, before 
 theniselues haue bine patient pertburnurs of tlieni. lUit (as 
 it often falleth out) the Freshmen or patients, tliinkinge the 
 Foulderbngs or Agentes t<Jo buysie and nimble, Tiiey them 
 too dull and buekwarde in theyr (hiet\, the ;5tander> by Imdinge 
 both of them loo forwarde tc vioUnte, llu' sportes lor that night
 
 2 THE ELECTION OF A PRINCE. 
 
 for feare of tumultes weare broken vpp, euer^e mann betakinge 
 himselfe to his reste. 
 
 The next night followinge, beinge the feast of All Sajntes, at 
 nighte they mett agayne together ; And wheras yt was hoped a 
 nights sleepe would haue somewhat abated theyr rage, it contra- 
 ryewise sett a greater edge on theyr furye, they hauinge all this 
 while but consulted how to gett more strength on agaynst an- 
 other, and consequently to breed newe quarrells and contradic- 
 tions, in so much that the strife & contentions of youthes &. chil- 
 dren had like to haue sett Men together by the eares, to the vtter 
 annihalatinge of all Christmas sportes for the whole yeare fol- 
 lowinge. 
 
 Wherfore for the auoydinge both the one, and the other, some 
 who studied the quiet of all, mentioned the choosinge of a Christ- 
 mas Lord, or Prince of the Revells, who should haue authorytie 
 both to appoynt & moderate all such games, and pastimes as 
 should ensue, & to punishe all offenders w'^'^ should any way hin- 
 der or interrupte the free & quiet passage of any auntient & 
 allowed sporte. 
 
 This motion (for that the person of a Prince or Lorde of the 
 Revells had not bine knowen amongst them for thirty yeares be- 
 fore, and so consequentlye the danger, charge and trouble of 
 such iestinge was cleane forgotten) was psentlye allowed and 
 greedilye apprehended of all; \\ her vpon 13 of the senior Vn- 
 der graduates (7 of the bodye of the House &. 6 Comoners, 
 Electors in such a case) w^'* drew themselues into the parlor, where 
 after longe debatinge whether they should chouse a Graduate or 
 an Vnder Graduate, thinkinge the former would not vouchsafe to 
 vndertake yt at theyr appoyntmentes, y^ latter should not be vp- 
 held & backed as yt was meete 8c necessary for such a place, they 
 came forth ratlier to make triall what would be done, then to 
 resolue what should be done. And therfore at their first entrance 
 into the Hall meeting S"' Towse a younge man (as they thought) 
 fitt for the choyse, they layed handes on him, and by maine 
 strength liftinge him vpp, viua voce, pronounced him Lord. But 
 hee as strongelye refusinge the j)lace as they violentlye thrust it 
 vpon him, shewinge w^*^ ail, reasons why hee could by no meanes
 
 THE ELECTION OF A PRINCE. 
 
 vndergoe sue a charge, they gott onlye this good by their first 
 attempt, that they vnderstood heer-by how that y* whole Col- 
 ledge was rather willinge a Senior Batchelour at least, yt" not a 
 junior M"^ should be chosen in to the place rather then any 
 Vnder graduate, because they would rather an earnest sporte then 
 a scoftinge jest should be made of it. Wher fore the Electors 
 retourninge againe into the Parlor and shuttinge the dore close 
 vpon themselues beganne more seriously to consult of the matter, 
 and findinge some vnable, some vnwillinge to take the place, 
 at length they concluded to make the 2 assay but w* more 
 formalitie and deliberation ; resoluinge, yf they were not now 
 seconded of all handes, to meddle no more w^'^ yt. Wherfore, 
 entringe y' second time in to the Hall they desired one of the 10 
 Seniors &. one of the Deanes of the Colledge, to hould the Scru- 
 tinye and the Vice-Praesident to sitt by as ouer-seer, who willing- 
 ly harkninge to their request sate all 3 downe at the highe Ta- 
 ble : Then the Electors went vp one by one in senioritye to giue 
 their voyce by writinge. In the meane time there was great ex- 
 pectation who should bee the Man. Soiiie in y*^ lower ende of 
 the Hall, to make sporte, had theyr Names loudest in their niouthes 
 whome they least thought of in their mindes, & whome they knewe 
 should come shortest of the place. At length all the voyces be- 
 inge giuen and, accordinge to the custome, the Scrutinie at large 
 beinge burned, the Vice-praesident w"^ the rest stoode vpp, and 
 out of the abstract the Deane read distinctly in the hearinge of 
 all psent as followeth 
 
 Nominantur in hoc Scrutinio duo quorum 
 
 { 
 
 1"^ Joanes Towse, habet suffragia sex, 
 
 2'^ Thomas Tucker, habct sutFragia septeiii. 
 
 These wordes were not out of his moiithe before a general! and 
 loud eric was made (jf Tucker, Tucker, V iiiat, \'iuat, ^kct. After 
 w'''^ all the younger sorte rane lorth of tlu- ('ollcdiir criciiigc the 
 sam(; in the .str(;ets ; w'^^'' S\ Tuck(;r beinge then howsde not farr 
 from the Colledge, ouer hearinge, kept himself close till the com-
 
 4 THE PRINCE S PRIVATE ENSTALLMENT. 
 
 panye were past, and then, as soone and secretly as he could, gott 
 him to his Chamber; where (after he had bine longe sought for 
 abroad in the Towne, and at home in y*" Colledge, haste and 
 desire out runinge it self, and seekinge there last where it might 
 first finde) he was in a maner surprised, and more by violence 
 then any will of his owne, taken vpp & with continuall & ioyfull 
 outcries, carried about y^ Hall, and so backe to his Chamber, 
 as his owne request was, where for y* night he rested, dismiss- 
 inge y^ Company and desiringe sonre time to thinke of their loues 
 and goodwill, and to consider of his owne charge and place. 
 
 About 3 or 4 dayes after, on the 5 of Nouember the L"""^ 
 Elect w**^ the Batchelours, and some of the Senior Vnder-gra- 
 duates came into y^ Hall where euery man beinge seated in his 
 order, many speaches were made by diuerse of diuerse matters, 
 some coriiendinge a monarchical! state of Gouermente, and y*= 
 sometimes suddayne necessitye of Dictators, others discoiiiend- 
 inge both. Some agayne extollinge sportes & reuells, others 
 mainely disallowinge them, all of them drawinge some conclusion 
 concerninge y* like or dislike of y^ gouerment newly beguiie, 
 and like for a little space to continue amongst them. In y'^ ende 
 the Lord Elect himselfe, to conclude all, deliuered his owne minde 
 in maner followinge 
 
 Quae beneficia (Viri Electores clarissimi) plus difficultatis atq., 
 oneris apportant collocata, qua debite administrata ; potcrunt 
 honoris, caute magis primo in limine credo excipienda qua aut 
 imensa^ dignitatis expectatione appetenda auide, aut boni in- 
 cogniti caeco appetitu apphendenda temcre. Qiioru in albo 
 (Electores conscripti) cu semper dignitates istiusinodi serio rc- 
 tulerim, Vos (pace dica vestree diligentia?) non tam mihi vide- 
 mini gratias debere expectare, qua ipse istud onus suscepturus 
 videor promereri. Na illud demum gratijs excipitur beneficiu 
 (pro temporu ratione loquor) (juod nee soilicitudo vrget nee 
 officin Infinita! autem adeo sunt anxietates, qua? vel istani do- 
 minatus ayarvircvo-iv circumcingunt, vt pauei velint ipsas cu do- 
 minatu lubenter amplecti, nulli possint euitare, nulli tustinere. 
 Na vbi veri imperij facies est reprajsentanda expectanda semper
 
 THE prince's private enstallment. 5 
 
 est aliquti curaru proportio. Verii cum dignitas Electoria, ami- 
 citia surtVagatoria, popiili applausus, oniu consensus Democratiae 
 tollendae causa ad priuiatum euocauerint, lubens animi nostri 
 strenuae renuentis teuiperabo impetu, et sedulo impenda curam, 
 vt Reip : (si vobis minus possim singulis) toti satisfacia. Hie 
 ego non ita existimo oppoitunu progressuii nostroru aduersarijs 
 cura imperij promiscuam et indigestam collaudantib'^ respondere, 
 aut stat*^ Monaichici necessitate efFerentib^ assentari : Discepta- 
 tionu vestiaiu non accessi judex, accersor imperator; Amori ves- 
 tro (Viri nobis ad prime chari) lubens tribuo gloriae nostra? ortu ; 
 progressu augustu atq^ gloriosu a vobis ex officio vestro exigere, 
 praeter amore nostrum fore n5 arbitror. Tyranidem non profitcor, 
 imperiu exercebo. Cujus foeliciores processus vt promoueantur, 
 atq^ indies stabiliant aeris magis quam oris debetis esse prodigi. 
 Quare primitias amoris, atq^ officij vestri statuo extemplo exigen- 
 das, ne aut ipse sine authoritate imperare, aut imperium sine 
 gloria capcssisse videar. HO.irslxv Athcniensem sequimur, cujus 
 ad norman Ego ad munus regiu jam suffectus, Mineruac, V^ulcano 
 et Prometheo sacra cu ludorum curatoribus pro nioris vsu, prima 
 mea in his sacris authoritate fieri curabo. Interim vero (Viri nostra 
 authoritate adhuc majores) juxta praidictae Reipublica) jmagine 
 choragos, seu adjutores desidero, qui no tantum ludis praeponan- 
 tur, sed et liberalitatc pro opu ratione in Reipublicic impensas 
 vtcntes, ex sere publico pracniia partim proponant, partim de suo 
 insumant, hoc nomine quod illoru sint prael'ecti. Quae alia vestri 
 sunt officij moniti praestabitis, quaa amoris, vitro (vti Spero) of- 
 feretis. 
 
 This was counted sufficient for his j)riuatc jnstallmente, l)ut 
 w"' all it was thought necessary y*^ some more puhhckc notice 
 liereof should be giuen to the whole V niuersitic, w"* more so- 
 leninilic and l)etter fashion ; yet before they would venter to 
 publish their priuate intendements, they weie doiions to knowe 
 what aiithoritie and jiiriscnelion would be graiiiited tliein, what 
 monev allowed them towards the better goinge thorough \v''' 
 that they had begune. AntI not long after the whole coini)any
 
 6 SUBSIDIES REQUIRED. 
 
 of the Batchelours sent 2 bills to the M" fire, y* one crauinge 
 duety and alleageance, y' other money & maintenance in maner 
 & forme foUowinge : 
 
 The coppye of a Bill sent by 'if Lord Elect, and y^ whole com- 
 pany of 3/e Batchelours to y^ JW's Jive, crauinge their duety 
 and alleageance. 
 
 Not doubtinge of those ceremonious and outward duetyes w*^** 
 yourselues (for example sake) will perfourme. Wee Thomas 
 Tucker with y^ rest of y* Bacchelours are bold to entreat, but as 
 Thomas, Lf^ Elect w* y rest of our Councell are ready to expect, 
 that no Tutor or Officer whatsoeuer shall at any time, or vpon 
 any occasion jntermeddle, or partake with any scholler, or youth 
 whatsoeuer, but leauinge all matters to the discretion of our selues, 
 stand to those censures and judgementes which wee shall giue of 
 all offenders, y* are vnder our gouermente in causes appertaininge 
 to our gouernment. All wayes promisinge a carefull readinesse 
 to see schollerlike excercise perfourmed, and orderly quietnesse 
 mayntained in all sortes ; This as Wee promise for our owne 
 partes, so Wee would willingly desire y^ you should promise the 
 perfourmance of y^ rest for your partes, accordinge to y' bountye 
 &. loue which allready you haue shewed us. 
 
 Yours Thomas Tucker 
 
 Joseph Fletcher Thomas Dowjier 
 
 John Smith Rouland Juxoii 
 
 Richard Baylye lohn Huckstepp 
 
 Richard Holbrooke lames Bearblocke 
 
 lohn Towse lohn English 
 
 This Bill subscribed w"^ all their handcs was scene & allowed 
 by all the M" who promised rather more then lesse, then that 
 ^v<:h ^y^g demaunded. But concerninge y'' other Bill for Subsi- 
 dyes, it was answered, that it was not in their power to graunt 
 it w^^ out the Pra3sident, whose coininge home, was euery day 
 expected : against w'*" time it was prouided, and deliuered vnto
 
 SUBSIDIES GRAUNTED. 7 
 
 him; who together w* the 10 Seniors, was loath to graunt any 
 thinge till they were certified what sportes should bee, of what 
 quality &, charge, that so they might y'^ better proportion y*= one 
 to y*^ other, y^ meanes to the matter: They were allso willingc to 
 knowe what particular Men would take vpon them y*= care of fur- 
 nishinge particular nightes. For they would by no meanes relye 
 vpon generall promises because they were not ignorant how that 
 w'^*' concerneth all in generall is by no man in speciall regarded. 
 Wherfore they beinge somewhat, allthough not fully, satisfied in 
 their demaundes by some of the M", whom they seemed cheefly 
 to trust w*'' y= whole businesse, the Bill was againe perused, and 
 euery man ceazed in manner and forme followinge : 
 
 The Coppye of an auncient Act for taxes and subsidi/es made 
 in y^ ffiyg^ of our Predecessor of famous memorye, in this 
 Parliament held in Aula regni y^ xi^h. of Nonember 1577 
 and note for Our self nezily ratifed and published, anno 
 regni jo Nouemb. 7" l607. 
 
 Because all louinge & loyall Subjects doe owe not onely them- 
 selues, but allso their landes, liuingcs, goodes, and what soeuer 
 they call theirs, to y= good of y^ Comonwealth, and estate vnder 
 w"*' they peaceably enjoy all. It is farther enacted that no mail 
 dissemble his estate, or hide his abilitye, but be willinge at all 
 times to pay such ductyes, taxes, and subsidies as shall be law- 
 fully demaunded 8c thought reasonable without y'= hinderance of 
 his owne estate, vpon payne of forfettinge himself and his goodes 
 whatsoeuer. 
 
 Domus vi''. xiii'. iiii''. More ii''. xvi^ j''. 
 
 Mr Pnesidens - - - xl'. Mr Cliffc - I - - - x^ 
 
 Mr Vice prsesid. - - - x' Mr Boyle ----- x'* 
 
 Mr Kaynsby - - - _ xx"* Mr Aiidrocs - - - - x' 
 
 Mr Lee - - - - . xx'' Mr Saiulsbury - - - - x 
 
 Mr Soiic - - - _ _ x^ Mr Blagrouc - - - - x'' 
 
 Mr Laudc ----- x' Mr Salti-rne - - - - x' 
 
 Mr Raiilin^(Mi - - - x\' Mr Barnard - - - - x^
 
 8 
 
 SUBSIDIES GRAUNTED. 
 
 Mr luxon - - - - - 
 Mr Lawson - - - 
 Mr lackson - - - vi' 
 Mr Tuer - - - - vi' 
 Mr Loueden - - - vi* 
 MrTillesly - - - - 
 
 Mr Rich 
 
 Mr Nash - - - - - 
 
 Mr Sprott 
 
 Mr May 
 
 Mr Washburne - - - 
 Mr Bell - - - - viii' 
 Mr Chadwell - - - - 
 Mr Chamberlen - - - 
 Mr Swinerton Se. - - 
 Mr Swinerton Ju. - - 
 Mr Phillips Se. - - - 
 Mr Phillips Ju. - - - 
 Mr Dickinson - - - 
 S"^ Smith - - - - . 
 Cheney _ - - _ - 
 Dingly Se. - - - vi' 
 
 Peake - - - 
 
 Hyggins - - 
 
 Anger - - - 
 
 Stanley - - - 
 
 Hungcrford - 
 S' Fletcher 
 
 S^ Downer - - 
 
 S'' Smith - - 
 
 S'' luxon - - 
 
 S^ Bay lie - - 
 
 S"" Huckstepp - 
 
 S^ Holbrooke - 
 
 S' Bearblock - 
 
 viii'* 
 viii*^ 
 viii'* 
 
 X' 
 XX' 
 XX' 
 
 X' 
 XX' 
 
 V' 
 
 ' iiii"^ 
 
 x' 
 
 xx' 
 
 xx' 
 
 XX' 
 XX' 
 XX' 
 
 XX' 
 
 , V' 
 X' 
 
 viii'^ 
 
 X' 
 
 X' 
 
 X' 
 
 X' 
 
 XV' 
 
 x^ 
 
 X' 
 X' 
 
 X' 
 ' X' 
 
 X^ 
 
 . X' 
 
 X' 
 
 S"" Towse ----- x' 
 English - - - - vi' viii'' 
 Steeuens - _ - _ _ v* 
 Blagroue - - - - vi' viii'^ 
 Virtue _-__-- v' 
 Hudson ------ V' 
 
 Clarke ii' vi'^ 
 
 Alder ----- vi' viii^ 
 Dingley Ju. - - - - x* 
 Sackuile Se. - - . - x' 
 Sackuile Ju. - - - - x' 
 Nedham - ^ - - - x' 
 Allworth ----- x' 
 
 Alford X' 
 
 Morgan ------ x' 
 
 Chadwell ----- x' 
 
 Clarke ------ x' 
 
 Leedes Se. ----- xv' 
 
 Leedes Ju. - - - - xv' 
 
 Hereford - - - - x' 
 
 Beauance ----- x' 
 
 Brigden - - - - - 
 
 Higgs 
 
 Nailor 
 
 Dale ----- 
 Cooper ----- 
 
 v^ 
 
 V' 
 
 V' 
 
 . - - _ - V' 
 
 - - - ii'. vi-^ 
 
 Williamson , , - - - v' 
 Wrenn ------ v' 
 
 Grice .---_- v' 
 Rylie - - - - ii' vi"^ 
 
 Rippen ----- ii'' vi'* 
 
 Harris - - 
 Langly - 
 lustice 
 
 - - - ni' nn" 
 - _ - _ ii* vi'i 
 
 - - - iii' iiii'' 
 
 Summa 52'' xiii' vii'^
 
 PRIME SEALES SENT FORTH. 9 
 
 Though y' whole company had thus largely contributed to- 
 wards y= ensuinge sports, yet it was found that when all thinges 
 necessary should be layed toegether, a great soine of money 
 would be wantinge and therfore a course was thought vpon of 
 sendinge out priuie Scales to able & willinge Gentlemen w'^^ 
 had bine sometimes Fellowes or Coinoners of y^ Colledge y' 
 it would please them to better y^ stocke, and out of their good 
 will contribute somwhat towardes y^ Princes lleuelles : y^ forme 
 of this writt was in manner foUowinge 
 
 THE SUPERSCRIPTION 
 
 To our trustj/e, and welbeloued N. N". 
 Knight, or Esquier &;c. 
 
 Trusty and welbeloued wee greet you well. Alhhougli ilicre 
 bee nothinge more against our minde then to be draw iie into anv 
 course that may burden our loyall Subjects, Yet micIi is our 
 estate, at this time, in regard of y*^ great and vrgcnl occasions 
 fallinge and growinge dayly vpon vs without lime or respiration 
 as wee shalljc i'orced [)r;es(;ntly to dishursc gn-atcr soiTics of nio- 
 riey then is |)ossible for vs to pictuidc l)y any oidinaiNc nicancs, or 
 to want w"' out great pra?Judicc. Scjng as well y'' iauie of our 
 
 c
 
 10 PRIVIE SEALES SENT FORTH. 
 
 kingdome in y'^ entertaynment of forraine Princes & Erabassa- 
 dours, as y^ safetie of our owne person, and y* whole Coinon- 
 wealth for the praeuentinge of warrs and tumultes, likely to ensue, 
 consisteth in y^ wealth of our coffers as much as in any one 
 meanes whatsoeuer. In which consideration wee thinke it need- 
 lesse to vse any more argumentes from such a Prince to such a 
 Subiect, but y*, as our necessitie is y'^ only cause of our request, so 
 your loue and duety must be y^ cheife motiue of your ready per- 
 fourmance and helpe in furnishinge these our wantes, not only 
 w^h your person, but w''^ your purse in your owne absence : A 
 matter wherof we make no doubt, beinge fully perswaded of your 
 seruice & fidelitie. Therfore our will and pleasure is that prae- 
 sently upon y^ receipt hereof you cause a soine of money accord- 
 inge to y"^ abilitie & greatnesse of y'^ loue to bee deliuered to 
 Thomas Clarke whom we haue appointed to be our Collector in y* 
 County of Middlesex ; the lone wherof only we desire to be vntill 
 y*^ next great yeare of Plato, then to be jmediatly repayd by vs or 
 our successors to you or y"^ Assignes y' shall then demaund it. 
 
 Giuen vnder our priuye Scale at our Pallace of S^ lohns in 
 Oxen, the seuenth of December in the first yeare of our rayne, 
 1607. 
 
 The names of those who were serued w^^ this writt, and 
 who most zcillingly obeyed vpon the receipt thereof, zcere 
 these followinge ^ 
 
 S' Robert Chamberlen Mr Whitlock - - - xxx' 
 
 who contributed - - 2'' Mr Lydall - - _ - xx'' 
 
 S^ William Paddye - - 3'' Mr Barklye - - - - xx* 
 
 S"^ George Wright - - xx' Mr Kiete ----- xx* 
 
 Mr Doctor Perin - - xx' Mr Hugh May - - - xx 
 
 Mr Doctor Searchfield xx' Mr Marliu x' 
 
 Mr Doctor Warner - - x' Mr Wihnont - - - - x' 
 
 Mr Hawlye - - - - xx' Mr Bowstred - . - - x" 
 
 Suina xvi''. x'. 
 
 "* Others were serued and bragd of it, as though they had giuen, but sent 
 710 thing.
 
 THE PRINCES PUBLIKE INSTALLMENT, 11 
 
 For all these Subsidies at home, and helpes abroad, yet it was 
 founde y' in y*^ ende there would rather be want (as jndeed it 
 hapned) then any superfluitye, and therfore y* Prince tooke order 
 w^^ the Bowsers to send out warrantes to all 3^ Tenantes 8?, other 
 freiides of y^ Colledge, y' they should send in extraordinary 
 prouisioa against euery Feast, w^^ accordingly was perfourmed } 
 Some sendinge money, some Wine, some Venison some other 
 prouision, euery one accordinge to his abilitye. 
 
 All thinges beinge thus sufficiently (as it was thought) prouided 
 for, y^ Councell table w^*^ y^ Lord himself, mett together to nomi- 
 nate Officers & to appoynt the day of y'' Princes publike jn- 
 stallment w"^*^ was agreed should be on S*. Andrews day at night; 
 because at that time y* Colledge allso was to chouse their new 
 Officers for y"^ yeare followinge. 
 
 Now for y' they would not playnely &. barely jnstall him 
 without any farther ceremonies, it was thought fitt that his whole 
 ensuinge Regiment (for good Jucke sake) should be consecrated 
 to y^ Deitie of Fortune, as y*^ sole Mistres &. Patronesse of his 
 estate, and therfore a SciioUerlike deuise called, yira ForfiOKv 
 was prouided for his installment; w^*" was perfourmed in manner 
 JSc i'orme followinge : 
 
 ARA FORTVNiE. 
 
 I/iler-/ocutore.s. 
 
 PRINCEPS. RLSTICIS. 
 
 FORTUNA, STLLTUS, 
 
 TOLMA^A. REBELLIS PRIM IS. 
 
 THESAURARIl S. SECUMMS. 
 
 CAMERARIUS. 'I'EUTIL.s. 
 
 JURISCONSTLTUS. Ol -AlUTS. 
 
 PHI LOSOPHDS. N UNCI US. 
 
 [T/ie DrmiKi is not given 011 account of i/s length. .Iiid if icill he 
 remarked, thai, wherever asterisks are suhslil uleif sunlc portion 
 of the MS. has been omit led.]
 
 12 ARA fortunm:. 
 
 This Showe by our selues was not thought worthye of a stage or 
 scaiFoldes, and therfore after supper y^ tables were onlye sett to- 
 gether, w*^'' was not done w*^ out great toyle & difficullty, by rea- 
 son of y* great multitude of people (w*** by y* default of y* dore- 
 keepers, and diuers others, euery man bringinge in his freinds) 
 had fild y^ Hall before wee thought of it. But for all this it 
 begane before 8 of clock, and was well liked by y* whole audi- 
 ence, who, how vnrulye so euer they meante to bee afterwardes, 
 resolued I thinke at first w*"* their good applause and quiet beha- 
 uiour to drawe vs on so farr, as wee should not bee able to re- 
 tourne backwardes without shame & discreditt. They gaue vs at 
 y^ ende 4 seuerall & generall plaudites ; at y^ 2 wherof y^ Canopie 
 w*^*" hunge ouer y^ Altare of Fortune (as it had bine frighted w'** y*= 
 noise, or meante to signifie that 2 plaudites were as much as it 
 deserued) suddenly fell downe ; but it was cleanly supported by 
 some of y^ standers by till y^ company was voyded, y' none but 
 our selues tooke notice of it. 
 
 Some vpon y^ sight of this Showe (for y"' better enoblinge of his 
 person, and drawinge his pedigree euen from y^ Godes because 
 the Prince's name was Tucker, and y* last Prince before him was 
 Dr. Case) made this conceipty' Casus et Fortuna genuerunt Tv^e^ov 
 Principem Fort laiatum so y^ one his father, and y' other his mo- 
 ther. 
 
 Another accident worthy obseruation (and w'*' was allso then 
 obserued) was y* y^ Foole carelesly sittinge downe at y*^ Princes 
 feete brake his staff in y*^ midst, whence wee could not but di- 
 rectly gather a verye ill omen, y' y*= default and foUye of some 
 woulde bee y^ very breaknecke of our ensueinge sports, w'^^ how 
 it fell out, I leaue to the censures of others,- our selues (I am 
 sure) were guilty to our selues of many weaknesses and faultes, y*^ 
 number whereof were encreased by y^ crossinge vntowardnesse, 
 and backwardncsse of diuers ofy'^ Princes neerest followers, nay 
 y*^ Prince himself had some weaknesses w*^'' did much praiiudice 
 his state, whereof y'^ clicifest weere his openesse, and familiaritye 
 w''' all sortcs, beinge vnwilliiig(; to displease any, yet not able to 
 please all. But to proceede : On S' Thomas day at night y^ 
 officers before elect were solemnly proclaimed by a Sergeant at
 
 THE PROCLAMATION. 
 
 13 
 
 armes, and an Herauld, y* trompetts soundinge bectwixt euery 
 title. This Proclamation after it was read, was for a time hunge 
 vp in y* Hall, y' euery man might y* better vnderstande y' qua- 
 litie of his owne place, and they y* were of lower, or no place, 
 might learne what duety to perfourme to others. 
 
 The maner whereof was as followeth : 
 
 Virttite Duce, Comite Fortitna. 
 
 Pro Aris 
 
 Et Foris 
 
 Whereas by y^ contagious poyson, and spreadinge malice of sonic 
 ill disposed persons, hath bine threatned not onelyc y^ daunger 
 of subucrtinge peaceable & orderlyc proceedinges, but y*-" all- 
 most vttcr annihiiatinge of auncicnt & laudable custonics It 
 hath biiiiu; thought conucnient, or rather a])S()lutcly ncccssaryc 
 for y"^ aiioydinge of a most daungeious cnsuinLi:r Anarchic, a 
 more sctled order of gouennent, lor the better safetye of all well 
 meaninti^e Subieets, and curbniu;c of (liseoiiteiileii, lu'udslrongc 
 person^, should bee established. And whereas throui;h wanle 
 of good lawes by wise and discreel Magistrates to bee duely
 
 14 
 
 THE PROCLAMATION. 
 
 and truely executed, a giddye conceipt hath possest y* mindes 
 of manye turbulent spirites, of endueringe no superiour, hardly 
 an aequall, whereby y^ Cofnon-wealth might growe to bee a 
 manye-headed monster It hath bine prouided by y* staide and 
 mature deliberations of well experienc't gouernours and proui- 
 dent Counsellours, y' one whose highe deserts might answere 
 his highe aduauncement should bee sett ouer all to y^ rulinge 
 and directinge of all, Therefore by these praesentes bee it 
 knowne vnto all of what estate or condicion soeuer whome it 
 shall concerne y* Thomas Tucker an honorable wise & learned 
 Gentleman to y^ great comeforte of y*^ weale-publique from 
 hence-forth to be reputed, taken and obayed for the true, onely 
 and vndoubted Monarche of this reuellinge Climate, whome y^ 
 generall consent and ioynte approbation of y*^ whole Cofnon- 
 wealth hath inuested and crowned with these honours & titles 
 follow in ge : 
 
 The mobt magnificent and renowned Thomas by the fauour of 
 Fortune, Prince of Alba Fortunata, Lord S' lohns, high Re- 
 gent of y^ Hall, Duke of St. Giles, Marquesse of Magdalcns, 
 Landgraue of y*^ Grouc, County Palatine of y^ Cloisters, Cheife
 
 THE PROCLAMATION. 15 
 
 Bailiffe of y' Beaumoiits, high Ruler of Rome, Maister of the 
 Manor of AValtham, Gouernour of Gloster-greene, sole Co- 
 inaunder of all Titles, Turneaments, and Triumphes, Super- 
 intendent in all Solemnities whatsoeuer. 
 
 Now because they whom y* vnknowne cares, & vnweildie bur- 
 dens of a sole regiment shall relie vpon, neede extraordinary helpe 
 in y^"" more then ordinarye affaires, Hee hath as well for y^ better 
 discharge &, case of those royall duetyes (as it were) w"^'^ attend on 
 his place, as for y'^ auoidinge y^ odious &, ingratefuU suspition of 
 a single dominion, and priuate Tyranye, selected and chosen vnto 
 himself a graue and learned assistance both for councell and go- 
 uernment, whom, and euery of w"^*", his princely will is, shall in 
 y^' seuerall places & dignities bee both honored and obeid, w^' no 
 lesse respect and obseruance then if himself were there present in 
 person, j^nd that carelesse ignorance may bee no lawfull excuse 
 for y*^ breach of his will thcrin hee hath appointed their seuerall 
 names and titles, w* y^'' subordinate officers and deputies to be 
 signified 8c proclaimed to all his louinge and ieige Subjects, in 
 maner foUowinge : 
 
 ^/^? 
 
 The right gracious lohu Duke of Groueland, Earlc de Bcllo- 
 
 Monte, Baron Smith, chcifc Ranger of" y'' W'ooils 8c Forrests, 
 
 great M' of y*^ J^rince's Game, hath ior his sul)()r(liMate Officers, 
 
 S"" Frauncis Hudson, Kec])er of y"^ l*arkcs, 8v \\ ardcr of 
 
 y*^ Warrens. 
 S' Thomas Grice, rurreslcr, 8v Sargcaunl ol y' W'ood-howsc.
 
 16 
 
 THE PROCLAMATION. 
 
 The right honourable Rowland Lord luxon, L"^*^ Chauncelour, 
 keeper of y^ great Seale, Signer of all publicke Charters, al- 
 lower of all Priuiledges, hath for his subordinate officers, 
 
 S'f William Dickenson, M*^ of y* Requests, & y' Princes 
 
 Remembrancer. 
 S"" Owen Vertue, Clarke of y^ Signet, and Chafer of Waxe 
 
 The right honourable Thomas L^'^ Downer, L^'' high Treasurer, 
 Receauer generall of all Rents, Reucnewes, Subsidies, belong- 
 inge by Nature, custome or accident to y^ Prince; y^ great 
 Payemaster of all necessary charges appertayninge to y^ Court, 
 hath for his subordinate Officers, 
 
 S'' lohn Williamson, Steward of y*^ Howsehold, Disburser 
 
 for y^ Familye. 
 S"" Christopher Wrenn, Coiferer, and Clarke of y^ Exche- 
 ([uer.
 
 THE PROCLAMATION. 
 
 17 
 
 The right honourable Joseph L'"'*. Fletcher, L"* high Admirall, 
 great Coriiauncler of all y"^ narrow seas, floods, and passages; 
 Suruayer of y*-^ Nauye, Mayster of y^ Ordinance, hath for his 
 subordinate Officers, 
 
 S"" Stcphau Angicr, Warden of y^ Cinque Ports, and Vic- 
 
 tualer of y*^ Fleet. 
 S"" Anthony Steeuens Captayne of y^ Guarde. 
 
 The right honourable Kichard Lord Baylie, Lord high Marshall, 
 President of all Titles, and Turncaments, Cofiiand' in all Tri- 
 umplics, Suppressor of suddayne tuuiultcs, Supervisor of all 
 games, and puhlique pastinus, hath for his subordinate otHccrs, 
 S^ William l5lagrou(>, M-'ol'v'' Keiirlls. 
 S^ lohn Ilungerford, Knight ^Ll^sllall, scucre C(uTiaunder 
 of y*" Wayes for y" Princes passage. 
 I)
 
 18 
 
 THE PROCLAMATION. 
 
 The right honourable lohn Lord Towse, Lord high Chamberlayne, 
 Purueior for y^ Princes pallace, Oner seer of all feasts and 
 banquets, furnisher of all Chambers, and Galleries, Examener 
 of all priuate pastimes, hath for his subordinate Officers, 
 
 S"^ Richard Swinerton") y'^ Princes Wards & Squiers of his 
 S"" William Cheyney j bodye. 
 
 M"^ Edward Cooper, Groome-Porter. 
 
 The right honourable Richard L"""^ Holbrooke Comptroller gene- 
 rail, cheife ouer-scer of all Purseauants, Ordercr of all howse- 
 hold Seruaunts, hath for his subordinate officers, 
 
 S"" Thomas Stanley ] Sergeauuts at Amies & Gentlemeri 
 M^ lohu Alford S Vshers to y'^ Prince. 
 
 M' Brian Nailor, M"" of y*" Robes of state, Keeper of y*^ 
 Wardropp, and Surveior of y'^ Liueries.
 
 THE PROCLAMATION. 
 
 19 
 
 The right honourable lames Lord Berbloke, principall Secretarye, 
 Lord priuye Seale, designer of all Embasies, Drawer of all 
 Edicts and Letters, Scribe to y^ State, hath for his subordinate 
 Officers, 
 
 S-- Thomas Clarke, M-" of y^ Roles, & Prothonotarye. 
 
 M"" Marcheaumount Nedham, Clarke of y^ Councell-Table. 
 
 The right honourable lohn L"* English, L""'' Cheifo lusticc, Exa- 
 niener of all causes capitall; Scssor vpoiv life vk. death, Judge 
 of controiuTsics criiiiiiiall, halli for his subordinate officers, 
 
 S'' lohn Alder, Aticjurucv gciicniil, 8c y*^ Princes Sollicitor. 
 M' lohn Saekevile, JJaylife Erraunt.
 
 THE PROCLAMATION AND STATUTES. 
 
 Now because good Gouernours w*'' out good lawes, carefull 
 Magistrates w^'^-out wholesome Statutes are like dume (though 
 paynted) Images, or vnweapon'd Souldiers Hee of his absolute 
 authority e, conferred vpon him in y^ late free Election, doth ratifie 
 and estabhsh all such Decrees and Statutes, as Hee now lindeth 
 wisely and warely ordayned of his famous Praedeccssor; pro- 
 misinge onely by a full and seueare execution to put life in their 
 dead remembrance, Addinge moreouer some few cautions to bee 
 obserued in his ensuinge Triumphes, as followeth 
 
 First Wee will and coinaund y' no Forrcyner, or home-borne 
 Subject of what estate or condicdn soeuer psume to disturbe Vs in 
 our priuate Walkes and Galleries; much lesse to pester o"^ Cham- 
 ber of Praesence, either by themselues or others, vpon perill of o"" 
 displeasure and certaine imprisonment for y^ night psent; w*^'^ fault 
 because it is too comon, and very prajjudiciall to o'jr State, Wee 
 charge o'^ officers appointed for y^ purpose to see punisht u* all 
 rigour Si severitye, respectinge no mans person, but such as shall 
 be thought necessarye and allowed by speciall Prserogatiue of y^ 
 Prince himself. 
 
 Secondly because lowlinesse, and vndervaluinge humilitie in 
 the judgement of y*^ '"^^gc haue bine allwayes prffifer'd before high 
 pride & ouertoppinge arrogance, wee thinke it most reasonable, 
 y* for y*^ better freedome of all mens sight, and auoydiiige y"^ abvse 
 of engrossinge of our sportcs, y' the meanest and lowest of our 
 Subjects enjoy y^ former places, y' if they oflendc they may bee 
 easilv ouer-lookt by their Superiours, whom V\ ee will haue stand 
 behinde for y*^ same purpose vpon perill of displacinge, or loos- 
 inge their liatts if not y'-'"' heads. 
 
 Thirdly for p'ventinge y*^ malice of dctractinge tounges, and y' 
 Wee mav seeme to comaund no thinge w''^ y*^ most parte of our 
 Subjects shall not bee most willinge to obserue, Wee will 8c 
 strayghtly charge, y' nothinge either j)riuately or puhlickly shalbe 
 perfouruied at w''' there shall not bee soiTie, and perhaps just ex- 
 ception taken w"' all vpon if })rincely hountye, lieensinge them 
 W^'' knowe least to except most. 
 
 Fonrllilii out of o'' open liberalitye wee graunt free libertye to
 
 THE PBOCLAMATION AND STATUTES. 21 
 
 all wandringe Spies, & Knights errant y' shall visitt o' Court to 
 furnish y'^ seines w*'' any necessary e y' themselues shall like, or 
 tirst lay hands on ; All- way es prouided, y' beinge I'orreincrs and 
 in a strange place, their carriadge be cleancly & warye, vpon 
 payne of beeinge discriod, & so taken for plainc theeves, \v<=''. 
 otherwise miglit passe for howse-hold purveiors, &, allowed takers. 
 
 Fifthly because out of diuersities of opinion, y*^ best may bee 
 chosen, and y' y*^ multitude of objections most discouer trueth, 
 wee further will and comaund that no man come to any of o' con- 
 sultations w%ut some objection readye, and that no two agree in 
 one and y^ same opinion ; but w''' all warninge them y' they be as 
 willinge to be answered, as to oppose, vpon perill of talkinge 
 idely, & by consequence not to bee hearde. 
 
 Si.rstli/ because nothingc is more for y*^ enrichiiige of a king- 
 dome then merchandize & eoiiierce w"' other Nations, Bee it 
 therefore enacted for y* maintcnaunce of y*^ same trade in \ elucts. 
 Satins, Sylkes, Rashe and other Stuffs as fitt for toariiige as fine 
 for wearinge, y' none of his Highnesse Subjects of what Degree 
 or State soeuer coiTiinge to visitt his Court at time ui: Hevells, 
 shall psumc to hinder or linde fault w"' luiyles, lenter-hookes, 
 liaspcs, latches, splinters, chinkes, or such like, put in trust by 
 his HighnessC t(^ teare out good clothes, and to kcepe AJarkctts 
 (juieke, vnder payne of beinge accounted miserable, and to base 
 to followe y'' Courtc. Prouided allwayes y^ no Subject l)e forced 
 to such willfuU prodigallityc as to rente good clothes, if hee caii 
 keepe them whole, any thingc to the contraryc in this Act not- 
 w'-^'standinge. 
 
 Seaiw/it/i/j/ because it is ^"ai'r from y"-' Princes purj)os(^ to oucr- 
 burdefi any of his louinge and liege People, or to take too much 
 of any free or forwardf; s[)irits, readye to doe hini all lo\aIl and 
 laudable x-ruiee, l^ee it therefore lawi'ull tor manve w'' shall 
 fre(,'ly, and ol" their oune aeeorde, w"' out any coiistiaiiite or in- 
 uitatioii, make tin ir persoiiall attendance al y" l'^ill(e^ Keuells, 
 to see more then they knowe, and to lu ari' inorc then tlu \ vnde'r- 
 slatid, yta, and {\\' n( e'le he, and v'^' owi.c oeea>ion so iccniire) 
 to vndeistand more then y ' heaic; thai i>^ to --aN lo mistake and 
 mirriconstrui' any ihinge accordinge to tlnir owne will and ()ur[)ose
 
 22 THE ADVAUNCEMENT OF H. S. 
 
 vpon payne of beinge thought to judicious for y^ one, and to in- 
 geniouse for y^ other, and so eonse^ uently vnfitt to liue in this 
 criticall and censorious age, AUwayes prouided that euery one 
 may see and heare as much as hee cann, vnderstand as much as 
 bee is able, any thinge in this statute to the contrary not w* 
 standinge. 
 
 Eyghthly and lastly, for y' y'= Prince's will and pleasure is that 
 one Subject may liue by an other, and y* y^ greater and stronger 
 sorte of People may not too much wronge and oppresse \ *= weaker, 
 w* hath fro time to time bredd much clamour, and lamantable 
 out cryes, euen w*'' in his owne Pallace, therefore for y*= auoyd- 
 inge of all such oppression, his Higlmesse strayghtly chargeth 
 and comaundeth all such as at any time canot gett in, to stande 
 w"' out vpon paine of beinge thought foolish & desperate for 
 attemptinge more then is possible; Prouided allwayes y' no man 
 bee constrained to coine so late that hee must needes bee shutt 
 out, or so soone y* he must needs be thrust out, but that y^' w'^'' 
 are w"' in may bee conueniently prouided for, and they that be 
 w^'' out may quietly prouide for themselues, and not striue to 
 enter by indirect meanes, as climebinge of walls, breakinge of 
 windowes, and such like, when as y'^ doores and gates euer doe, 
 or shall lie open for y'^'". All w*^'' his Higlmesse will haue per- 
 fourmed, vpon paine of beinge troublesome to no purpose. 
 
 Giuen at our Manor of AMiitcs-Hall, December y^ SI'*' 
 in y*^ first of our Raygne. 
 
 The same night the Prince, w^' the rest of his Councell meet- 
 inge at the high table in the Hail, a IJiil was preferred by the 
 L"^"* Treasurer for the aduauncement of ^P Henery Swinartoii to 
 y"' Earldome of Cloyster-sheere, and y" ouerseeinge of y*-' Princes
 
 TO THE EARLDOME OF CLOISTER-SHIRE. 
 
 23 
 
 great Librarye. What y^ particular woordes of this Bill were is 
 vncertaine ; onlye it beinge subscribed w^^ a Seruxs tibi deuotissi- 
 mus, H. Suinartou the Prince pervsinge it, was heard to say, 
 Seruus tibi deuotissimus ! et tatita quarit ? Are his woordes so 
 lowely, and his request so highe ? Yet it beinge further prest for 
 him by y'= whole Councell, who pleaded that it came vnto him by 
 a kinde of right, and lineall descent, for that his chamb~ was di- 
 rectly vnder the Librarye and joyninge to y*^ Cloysters, y^ Prince 
 at length graunted y'^ request, and his title was psently drawne by 
 y* Clarke of y^ Councell-table, and pronounced in niancr fol- 
 lowinge 
 
 The right Honorable Henery L"^ Swinartoii Earlc of Cloister- 
 Sheer, Barroii of y" Garden, cheife JNP of y"" Pressc, and ouer- 
 seer of y*^ Princes great Library hath for his subordinalc officers, 
 yV ^^ illiam liippin, Siirvcior of y*^ Walkes. 
 M' Christopher Kiley, Corrector of y"" Printe. 
 
 From this time forward, and not before, tlu; Prince was thought 
 I'ully to be ciistalde, and y*^ forme of goucrru'mciit fully esta- 
 blished, iii->()-inueh that none might or dursl contradict any 
 thintr*" w'' was a[)poynte(l by himself, or any of his Ollicers. 
 
 The lloly-Dayes beinge now at hand, his priiiye-chamlj' was 
 [)r(jiii<le(l and fiirMi-^ht, wherein a c-liavre oi state was placed vpon 
 a car[)ell w"' a cloth of slate lian<2;(le ouer it, newly jiiade for y" 
 >ame pur])ose. On Christsmas day in y*^^ morninge he was at-
 
 24 THE MANNOUR OF THE PRINCES SfiRVICfi. 
 
 tended on to prayers by y' whole companye of y* Bacchelours, 
 and some others of his Gentlemen Vshers, bare before him. At 
 diner beinge sett downe in y^ Hall at y^ high table in y^ Vice- 
 Prgesident's place (for y^ Praesident himself was then all so psent) 
 hee was serued w''^ 20 dishes to a messe, all W^'' were brought in 
 by Gentlemen of y'^ Howse attired in his Guard's coats, vshered 
 in by y^ L""*^ Comptroller, and other Officers of y*^ Hall. The first 
 messe was a Boar's Head, w"* was carried by y^ tallest and lustiest 
 of all y^ Guard, before whom (as attendants) wente first, one at- 
 tired in a horseman's coate, w*'' a Boars-speare in his hande, next 
 to him an other Huntsman in greene, w^'^ a bloody faucion drawne; 
 next to him 2 Pages in tafatye sarcenet, each of y^'" w* a messe 
 of mustard ; next to whome came hee y' carried y^ Boares-head 
 crost w**' a greene silke Scarfe, by w*^'' hunge y*^ empty Scabbard 
 of y^ faulcion w'^'^ was carried before him. As y*^' entred y*= Hall, 
 He sange this Christmas Caroll, y^ three last verses of euerie 
 StafFe beinge repeated after him by y^ whole companye : 
 
 1. The Boare is dead, 
 Loe, heare is his head. 
 
 What mari could haue done more 
 Then his head of to strike, 
 Meleagcr like. 
 
 And bringe it as I doe before r 
 
 2. He liuinge spoyled 
 Where good men toyled, 
 
 Which made kinde Ceres sorrye; 
 But now dead and drawne. 
 Is very good brawne, 
 
 And wee haue brought it for y". 
 
 3. Then sett downe y" Swineyard, 
 The foe to y*^ Vineyard 
 
 Lett Jiacchus crowne his fall, 
 Lett this Boares-head and mustard 
 Stand for Pigg, Goose & Custard, 
 
 And so y" are wellcoiiie all.
 
 THE PRINCES SERVICE & ATTENDAUNCE. 25 
 
 At this time, as on all other Holy-Dayes, y Princes allowed 
 Musitions (w'^*' were sent for from Readinge, because o^ owne 
 Towne Musick had giuen vs the slipp, as y^' vse to doe, at that 
 time when wee had most need of them) played all Diner time, 
 and allso at Supper. The Prince as ofte as hee satt in y*^ Hall 
 was attended on by a Coinoner, and Sciioller of y*^ Colledge in 
 tafaty Sarcenett. After Supp"^ there was a private Showe per- 
 fourmed in y'^ maner of an Interlude, contayninge the order of y* 
 Saturnalls, and shewinge the first cause of Christmas-Candles, and 
 in the ende there was an application made to the Day, and Nu- 
 tiuitie of Christ, All w*^'' was perfourmed in maner foUowinge : 
 
 SATURNALIA. 
 
 HERCULES. 
 
 CURIUS. 
 
 DOULUS. 
 
 # * 
 
 This shew was very well liked of our selves, and the better; 
 ffirst, because itt was the voluntary service of ayounge youth; 
 nexte, because there were no straungers to trouble vs. 
 
 S^ Steevens day was past over in silence, and so had S^ John's 
 day also; butt tbat some of the Princes honest neighbours of S'. 
 Giles's presented him with a maske or morris, w*^^ though it were 
 but rudely performed, yet itt being so freely & lovingly profered, 
 it could not but bee as lovingly received. 
 
 The same nighte, the twelve daies were suddenly, aud as it were 
 extempore, brought iu, to offer their service to the Prince, the 
 holy-daies speaking Latine, and the working-daies English, the 
 transition was this : 
 
 Yee see these working-daies they weare no salten, 
 And 1 assure you they can sjjcakc no Lattcii ; 
 But if you please to stay a-while. 
 Some shepheard lor them will chaunge the stvK:, 
 
 !;
 
 26 ST. STEEVENS DAY; ST. JOHNS DAY. 
 
 After some few daunces the Prince, not much liking the sporte 
 (for that most of them were out both in there speeches and mea- 
 sures, having but thought of this devise some few houres before) 
 rose, ik lefte the hall, after whose departure, an honest fellow to 
 breake of the sportes for that night, and to void the company 
 made suddenly this Epilogue 
 
 These daunces were pform'd of yore 
 By many worthy Elfes, 
 Now if you will haue any more 
 Pray shake your heeles your selues. 
 
 The next day being Innocents day, it was expected, & partly 
 determined by o' selues, that the Tragedy of Philomela should 
 haue bene publikely acted, w*^^ (as wee thought) would well haue 
 fitted the day, by reason of the murder of Innocent Itis. But the 
 carpenters being no way ready w^^ the stage, or scaffolds (whereof 
 notwithstanding some were made before Christmas, wee were 
 constrained to differre it till the nexte day, w'^'' was the 29 of 
 December. 
 
 At which time in the morning M^ President, sending for one 
 of y^ deanes, to know whether all thinges were in a readines, it 
 was aunsweared that the Prince him selfe, who was to play Tereiis, 
 had gott such an exceeding cold, that it was impossible for him 
 to speake, or speaking to bee heard. Wherefore they consulted 
 to differre the acting of it yet longer, but then considering that 
 all the slraungers were already invited, and all other thinges in 
 readines, that was not thought so fitt. And therefore casting 
 againe in there minds what might bee done, many courses were 
 thought vpon, but all disliked; att length itt was concluded fin 
 case the Prince should not hould out) that then the Authour of 
 the Tragedy, who was best ac(|uainted with it, ik- could say most 
 of the verses, should goe forward, where the Prince was con- 
 strained to leave, and to that purpose both were leady in ap[)arell, 
 and therefore tor the better conveiaunce fowre verses were thought 
 vpon to be said by the Prince att the end of the first Sccane of 
 the second acte. The verses were these :
 
 INDUCTIO PHILOMELA. 27 
 
 Terea tyrannum pace Fortunae exuo 
 Elinguis esse pergo Fortuna? * inodo, 
 Sic muta sequitur prena, pro muto malo 
 Suffectus alius Tereus placeat precor. 
 
 This conceipte was soe well liked of all them that heard of itt, 
 that nianye sayde that itt was pitty itt was not put in practise 
 though there were noe need of itt, but yet for all that, wee 
 thought plaine dealing better then a cunning shifte. 
 
 Now for that itt was thought not to stand with the prince's 
 state, bare!}' to bee an actor w"' others, itt was contriued that bee 
 should first enter like himselfe, w^"^ his traine, and so take his 
 chaire as the chiefe spectator, and then Fortune his only })atron- 
 essc, should appcarc and find faulte with his still looking on, and 
 doeing no thing himselfe, wheruppou bothe for the more solem- 
 nity should take vppon them to bee actors in the ensueing tragedy, 
 all w"^'' was pformed in manner followeing 
 
 INDUCTIO FORTUN/E. 
 
 IngreJ. prhno Princeps cum uobilibiis, satellitihus et reliquu 
 pompa: omiies togati seclent. Dam Musica pulsatur, ingred. 
 ad COS Fort una libruni manu gestans, cum Sacerdote prcc- 
 euitte, Furtuua prrcfatur : 
 
 Fort. Et cjuid togata porro majestas pai^atr 
 
 Amphictyoiieos nempc concessus? nouo 
 ]\Iuik1() studeturr iste concilio dies? 
 Quin surge, rcgui, surge possessor breui>, 
 Concilia vaiuis cpiam diu ncctent jnoras : 
 In actionem prodeant, rcgts noui 
 Priscos agant ; [)crsona suc(;rescit rccens, 
 Concilia, mores, tacta priscorum mancnt. 
 Sortire n<j>tra |)agiMa historiam tuam 
 \' t sorticntciu (liriLjam, est mai;iuim ncfas. 
 vSorlirc ; (|uid fit ." 
 Princeps wrte legit paginmit et in IFislorinin Terei imidit. 
 
 * Fhi/ui/ii (a\
 
 28 PHILOMELA. 
 
 Princ. Terei nomen lego. 
 
 Fort. Exuite vestras turba praegrauior togas. 
 
 Omnes togas exeunt, et parati ad scenam apparent. 
 
 Vel ipsa velum porro deducam meum, 
 
 Oculis apertis vt meas partes agam. 
 
 Dextra reposui jam rotam pedibus globum 
 
 Se quisque tristes particeps scenae paret 
 
 Suam dolores, et voluptatem f'erunt. 
 
 Vobis cauete, merita distinguo suum 
 
 Cuiq; iuste diuidam ingenuis probis, 
 
 Doctisq; amorem : non boni spretos sciant. 
 Exeunt omnes. In cathedra principis coronam et sceptruni 
 
 relinquentes : ne sedes prorsus vacaret, mox singuli ad ac- 
 tionem prodeunt. 
 
 PHILOMELA. 
 
 TEREUS, REX THRACl^. 
 PROGNE, REGINA, UXOR TEREI. 
 EUGENES, A CONSILIJS TEREI. 
 PHALLUS, SERUUS TEREI. 
 TRES SOCII TEREI A CLASSE. 
 ANCILLA PROGNES. 
 PHILOMELA, SOROR PROGNES. 
 ITIS, FILIUS PROGNES ET TEREI. 
 ANCILLA PHILOMEL^.. 
 FAUSTULUS, PASTOR REGIUS. 
 FAUSTULA, PASTORIS FILIA. 
 
 CHORUS. 
 
 TERRA. 
 MARE. 

 
 PHILOMELA. 29 
 
 At the end of this tragedy, when Fortune and the Prince were 
 ready to enter the stage, it was reniembred that there was never 
 an epologue to dismisse the company, and therefore suddenly this 
 one verse was made and put in Fortune's moutli to speake 
 
 Et si ista placeant vel Deae plausum date. 
 
 And so this begging of a plaudity for a God sake seru'd for 
 other comphment which was not mist, because it was thought no 
 more was intended. 
 
 The whole play was wel acted and wel liked, tlie princes voyce 
 held out wel, but the best and most judicious poet sayd in merry- 
 raent that there was one great fault, and that was the losse of 
 Philomelas voyce, who (as long as the history gave her leave to 
 speake) spake so sweetly and acted so smothly that the audience 
 could have found in their hartes that the story should have rather 
 beene falsified then so good a voyce lost. But it pleased us well 
 that they should rather desire to heare more than bee weary of 
 that which they hard. 
 
 Itis was much wondered at for speaking Lattin because he was 
 so little in his long coates, that hee was taken to bee but a child 
 of 7 or 8 yeares ould. 
 
 Other accidents were observed, as the fall of the prince, which 
 was so great that they sayd hee stood like a prince and fell like a 
 prince; majesticke in the one and terrible in the other. 
 
 New-ycares cue was wholy spent in preparation for tht- princes 
 triumphs, so that nothing was done or expected thai uighi. 
 
 Next day in the morning (beeiug new-yeares-day) the prince 
 sent M' llichard Swinnerton one of the Scpiires of his body to M' 
 Praisident with a paire of gloves, ehargiug him to say noihiug but 
 these two verses : 
 
 The prince and liis councell, in signe ot their loves, 
 Present you their Pricsident with these paire of gloves. 
 
 There was some whai (;l(;e written in the paper which covered 
 them, but what it is uncertainc.
 
 30 TIMES COMPLAINT. 
 
 At night were celebrated the princes triumphs, at which time 
 onely and never before nor after he was carryed in full state from 
 his pallace to the hall, where in the sight of the whole vniuersity 
 a supplication was presented unto him by Time and seconded 
 with a shew cali'd Times Complaint, which wee should bee ashamed 
 heere to insert, if wee thought it would please no better in the 
 reading then it did in hearing, but (bee it as it will) wee entend 
 the worse should bee knowne as well as the best, though, to speake 
 the truth without boasting, wee our selves thought not so ill of it 
 as others, nether will future times wee hope judge it so vile as the 
 present did : howsoeuer it was perform'd in manner and forme 
 following : 
 
 TIMES COMPLAINT. 
 
 TIME. 
 
 VERITAS, THE DAUGHTER OF TIME. 
 
 OPINION > 
 
 > SEDUCERS OF VERITAS. 
 ERROR 3 
 
 STUDIOSO, A SCHOLLER. 
 
 MANCO, A LAME SOULDIOUR. 
 
 CLINIAS, A POORE COUNTRY-MAN. 
 
 HUMPHRY SWALLOW, A DRUNKEN COBLER. 
 
 GOODWIFE SPIGGOT, AN ALE-WIFE. 
 
 PHILONICES, A RANGLING LAWYER. 
 
 SERUUS PHILONICES. 
 
 BELLICOSO, A CASHEERE CORPORALL. 
 
 PROLOGUE* 
 
 Worthelie heere wee bring you Times Complaint 
 
 Whom wee haue most iust cause for to complaine of, 
 
 For hee hath lent vs such a little space 
 
 That what wee doe wants much of its true grace. 
 
 Yet let your wonted loue that kindelie take, 
 
 \ych y^.QQ could wish were better for your sake. 
 
 This portion is inserted to introduce the Prince s Triumphs, as they are termed.
 
 THE PRINCES TRIUMPHS. SI 
 
 Enter Time zct^ the Musicians to place them. 
 Time. O welUaid, wellsaid ; wellco.iic, vvellcome, faith! 
 It doth mee good to see i haiie some tVierids. 
 Come, true obseruers of due time, come on : 
 A fitt of musicke, but keepe time, keepe time 
 In your remembrance still, or else you iarre : 
 These for my sake to much neglected are. 
 The world tearmes them beggars, fidling roagues, 
 But come my fidling freinds, I like you well, 
 And for my sake I hope this company, 
 Naie more the Prince himselfe, will like your tunes. 
 Here take your place and shew your greatest skill. 
 All now is well that is not verie ill. 
 
 Time expecting the comming of the prince (to whom hee 
 preferreth a petition) placeth himselfe on the stage till 
 the traine bee past. 
 This waie hee comes, here will I place my selfe, 
 They saie hee is an honourable Prince, 
 Respectful], curteous, liberall, and learn'd : 
 If hee bee soe hee will not choose but heare mee. 
 Poore aged Time was neuer so abusde, 
 And in thcise dales Princes themselues are WTongd. 
 If not for my sake, yet for his ownc good, 
 Hee will read ouer my petition. 
 Oft hath the like beene drawne and giuen vp 
 To his nobilitie; But carelesse they 
 In thcire deepe pockets swallow good mens praiers. 
 This his owne hand shall haue, or I will keepe it: 
 But here they coinc, stand close and vciwe the traine. 
 
 Enter first six Knighte Marshalls men in sutablc liucries 
 with links and truncheons two l)y two. 
 
 Next the Kniti;hte Marshall aloiu' in armour and bases 
 with a truncheon. 
 
 Then tower other ot his nun as hciorc. 
 
 After tlu'.>c lower Knighi*'- in rich appaiell with hats and 
 featiiers, ra])iers and daggers, booies and spurres, euerit-
 
 Sa THE PRINCES TRIUMPHS. 
 
 one his Lackie attending one him with torch-lighte, 
 all two by two. 
 
 After these the M"^ of the Requests, the M"" of the Robes - 
 in vaste veluet gownes with lackies and torches before 
 them. 
 
 After these fower Barons in veluet cloakes likewise at- 
 tended with lackies and torches. 
 
 After these an Herald at Armes bare, with two lackies 
 attendant bearing torches. 
 
 After these six of the priuie Counsell in Schollars gownes 
 and ciuill hoods euerie one attended on by a footman 
 bearing on his iacket both behind and before his lords 
 armes according to his office (as it is before mentioned) 
 with torches alsoe in theire hands. 
 
 After those two sergeants at armes with great Maces and 
 two Squiers before them with torches, all bare. 
 
 After these two bench-men the one with a sword, the 
 other with a scepter, likewise attended by two Squires 
 with torch lighte, all bare. 
 
 After these the Prince himselfe in a schollers gowne and 
 ciuill hood, with a coronett of laurell about his hat, 
 attended on by fower footmen in sutable liueries with 
 torches. 
 
 After these the Captaine of the guard alone in hose and 
 dublett, hatt and feather etc. and following him, 
 twenty of the guard in sutable guard's coats with hal- 
 berds in their hands, and lightes intermingled here 
 and there. 
 
 When this traine first entred out of the Princes palace there was 
 a volye of shotte to the number of fiftie or threescore gunnes and 
 once againe as it passed through the quadrangle, and the third time 
 when the Prince was readie to enter vppon the stage in the hall, 
 after w"^'' third peale ended, the nobilitie hauing past along some 
 parte of the stage, the rest of the traine disposed in places pro- 
 uided for them, and the Prince himselfe newlie entred, the showe 
 went forward.
 
 OUR DISAPPOINTMENT. 33 
 
 It hath beene observed if they which performe much in these 
 kinde of sportes must needs doe something amisse, or at the least 
 such is the daunger and trouble of them, that something in the 
 dooing will miscarry, and so bee taken amisse, and such was our 
 fortune at this time; for the Prologue (to the great prejudice of 
 that which followed) was most shamefully out, and having but 
 halfe a verse to say, so that by the very sence the audience was 
 able to prompt him in that which followed, yet hee could not goe 
 forward, but after long stay and silence, was compelled abruptly 
 to leave the stage, whereupon, beeing to play another part, hee 
 was so dasht, that hee did nothing well that night. 
 
 After him Good-wife Spiggot comming forth before her time, 
 was most miserably at a non plus & made others so also, whilst 
 her selfe staulked in the middest like a great Harry-Lion (as it 
 pleased the audience to terme it), either saying nothing at all, or 
 nothing to the purpose. 
 
 The drunken-man, which in the repetitions had much pleased 
 and done very well, was now so ambitious of his action, that he 
 would needs make his part much longer then it was, and stood so 
 long upon it all, that hee grew most tedious, whereuppon it was 
 well obserued and sayd by one that 
 
 'twas pitty there should bee 
 
 In any pleasing thing satiety. 
 
 To make up the messe of absurdityes the company had so fild 
 the stage, that there was no rome to doe any thing well, to bee 
 sure many thinges were mistaken and therefore could not but bee 
 very distastiull, for it was thought that particulcr men were aym- 
 cd at, and disciphered l)y tiie drunken-man, and Justice Bryar, 
 though it was fully knownc to our-selves, that tlic author had no 
 such purpose. 
 
 In fine, expectation tlie druourcr of all good indeuours had 
 swallowed mort; in tlu; v(;ry name and title of the interlude, then 
 was ether prouidcd or intended in the whole matter, for wee onely 
 
 p
 
 34 THE PRINCES RETURN. 
 
 proposed to our selves a shew, but the toune expected a perfect 
 and absolute play, so that all things mett to make us unhappy 
 that night, and had not Time him selfe (whose lines and actions 
 were thought good) somewhat pleased them, they would never 
 haue indured us without hissing, howsoeuer in the end they gaue 
 us two or three cold plaudites though they departed no way satis- 
 fyed, unlesse it were in the shew about the quadrangle, wherein 
 the prince was carryed to his chamber in the same state that hee 
 came from thence in the beginning (as is above mentioned), the 
 whole company of actors beeing added to his traine who immedi- 
 atly followed him before the guard in this order : 
 
 First Time alone, attended with two pages and lightes. 
 
 Next Veritas alone, likewise attended. 
 
 Then Error and Opinion which all the way they vient pull'd 
 
 Veritas by the sleeue, one by one and the other by the 
 
 other, but shee would not barken to them. 
 After these came Studioso and Philonices both pleading the 
 
 case, one upon his fingers and the other with both his hands. 
 Then came Manco, the lame souldiour and Philonices his 
 
 man; the souldiour haulting without his cruch, the other 
 
 beating him with the cruch for counterfeyting. 
 After these came Clinias and Bellicoso houlding the halter 
 
 betwixt them, which Bellicoso had found in Clinias his 
 
 pocket. 
 Last after these came Humphry Swallow and goodwife Spig- 
 
 got, hee reeling uppon her, she pulling and hayling him 
 
 for the money he ought her. 
 After these came the guard as before, and so the prince in 
 
 full state was conveyed to his pallace. 
 
 Here wee were all so discouraged that wee could haue found in 
 our heartes to have gone no farther. But then consulting with 
 our selues wee thought it no way fitt to leave when thinges were 
 at the worst, and therefore resolved by more industry and better 
 care of those things which should follow, to sue out a fine of re- 
 coucry for our creditcs. AVhereuj)i)on tlic comedy which was
 
 THE BILL OF EXPENCES. 35 
 
 already a foote and appoynted to bee done on 12 day, was revew- 
 ed and corrected by the best judgments in the house, & a Chorus 
 by their direction inserted, to excuse former faults, all which 
 was a cause that twelfe eue & twelfe day past away in silence, be- 
 cause the comedy beeing wholy altered could not bee so soone 
 acted, neyther could any other thing bee so suddenly provided to 
 furnish those nights. 
 
 Heere the Lord-tresurer made a complaint to the king and the 
 rest of his councell that his treasure was poore and almost exhaust- 
 ed, so that without a fresh supply or new subsedy nothing more 
 could bee doone. And that this might not seeme an idle com- 
 plaint, a bill of some of the particulars and chiefe expenccs was 
 exhibited, wherein it might appeare how costly the presedent 
 revels had beenc, which bill (for better direction and warning of 
 others heere after how they niedle with such sportes) was thought 
 good heere to bee inserted. 
 
 THE BILL OF EXPENCES. 
 
 lib. 
 Imprimis for 40 dozen of linkes _ _ - . 4 
 
 Item for 10 dozen of torches ----- 4 
 
 Item for one dozen of great waxe tapers - - 
 Item for a shute of tawny tafety for the prince 4 
 Item for a goune for Philomela - - - - 3 
 
 Item for 80 yardes of flannel for the guardes 
 
 coates ------------5 6 S 
 
 Item for buckarum to make Jackets for lackeys 
 &, other ncccssaryes to the number of 40 
 yardes _--------__. ] 
 
 Item for two long womans heyrcs _ - _ . 1 
 Item for heardcs and mens heades of licvre - 
 Item for fcthers, sj)angles, ro.?es, etea-t. - - 1 
 Item tor a coatc' for Jtis -------O 
 
 Item for <2 hiUKhed Yardes of Incic - _ _ o 
 
 Item for 4 thousand of piiines _ - _ _ _ o 
 Item for past-boardes -------- 
 
 s. 
 
 d. 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 8 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 36 THE BILL OF EXPENCES. 
 
 Item for councellours staues and white wandes 1 
 Item for blew silke ribbens and Jewells - - 
 Item for buskins and pomps ------ i 
 
 Item for the princes scale ___-._ o 
 Item for waxe ----------O 
 
 Item for a sett of musitians entertayned for 
 
 tiic 12 dayes ----------5 
 
 Item for a trumpeter -------- i 
 
 Item for the painter -_--__--3 
 Item to the Taylours, besides dyet - _ _ 2 
 
 Item to the Carpenters for setting up the stage 
 
 scaffolds twise and lending boardes etcett. - 5 
 Item for nayles ___--_-__ ] 
 Item aloud the prince for his table besides 
 
 guiftes and his owne great charges - - - 2 
 Item aloud for actors suppers beside that was 
 
 giuen -------___-_3 
 
 Item for butter beere at severall times - - 1 
 Item for Thomas Clarke for his journey to 
 
 London ._-__-_____o 
 Item for diuers others for journeys for apparell 
 Item for guiftes and gratuities _ - - - _ 1 
 Item for taking downe glasse windoes and 
 
 mending others which were broken at seue- 
 
 rall times ----_-----_3 00 
 Item for hyering of apparell, vizards, cottens, 
 
 etcaet. -.----------2100 
 
 Item pay'd to labourours for remouing the 
 
 snow, for stuffing the hall windoes, &. such 
 
 like offices at sundry times -----0 16 
 Summa totalis Ixiiij" v' o 
 
 This bill beeing scene and allow'd, they begane to cast about 
 for more mony, whereuppon a new privy scale was drawn in 
 Latin in manner and forme following : 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 10 
 

 
 NEW PRIVIE SEALES SENT FORTH. 
 
 87 
 
 Cum maximorum semper Principum majestati neutiquam ot- 
 fecerit, quod amicos plures, eorumq^ operam et subsidium non 
 semel desiderarint; cumq^ nobilissimus quisq^ peculiari quodam 
 priuilegio plurhiium debere consueuerit: Ego, tie in minimo 
 majestatis titulo dcficere, aut quovis nobilitatis priuilegio vide- 
 rer non frui plurimis impulsus angustijs et coactus, (quas nee 
 pro more Principum explicare satis honorificum aut officio tuo 
 exquirere judicamus satis tutum) has ad te mitto literas manda- 
 torias, quarum virtute exigitur summa pecuniae, quam extem- 
 plo nostro huic collectori, pro amoris tui ratione et censu ex- 
 hibebis. Quam quidem tibi aut ha^redibus tuis obligo me el 
 successores meos ad Graecas Calendas fidelitur sine omni f'raude 
 aut dolo malo persoluturos. Datum et sigillatuni sigillo nostro 
 priuato, ex aula Candida Albae Fortunatai, Calendis Februarij, 
 Anno Regni primo. 
 
 The name of those zohich were serued tcitJi, this writte and 
 obeyed itppcm the receipt of it zvere these that follow. 
 
 W Pra'sident contributed - - - 1" 
 
 M^ Thomas May ... - - 1 00 
 
 M' lohn Soane ---_--() 10 O 
 
 M' Martin Oakins ----- o 10 O
 
 38 SOMNIUM FUNDATORIS. 
 
 M' William Lawde 10 
 
 M' Richard Andros -----0100 
 
 M' Nicholas Cliffe 100 
 
 M' Michael Boyle 10 
 
 Summa totalis 5"'*' 
 
 This beeing not as yet sufficient there was a new subsedy levyed 
 by the Junior M" and the rest of the Colledge to the Summe of 
 Six poundes three shillings whereuppon finding themselues againe 
 before hand, and resoluing to saue nothing for a deere yeare, they 
 proceeded to new expences and new troubles. 
 
 The Suneday after, beeing the last day of the Vacation and 
 tenth day of the moneth, two shewes were priuately performed in 
 the Lodging, the one presently after dinner called Somnium Fun- 
 datoris, viz. the tradition that wee have concearning the three 
 trees that wee have in the praisident his garden. This interlude 
 by the reason of the death of him that made it, not long after was 
 lost, and so could not bee heere inserted; but it was very well 
 liked, and so wel deserued, for that it was both wel penned and 
 well acted. 
 
 Now because before were diuers youths whose voyces or per- 
 sonages would not suffer them to act any thing in publicke, yet 
 withal! it was thought fitt, that in so publicke a buisnes, euery 
 one should doe some thing, therefore a niocke play was prouided 
 called The 7 Duijes of the fVeeke, which was to bee performed by 
 them which could do nothing in earnest, and, that they should 
 bee sure to spoyle nothing, euery mans part was sorted to his 
 person, and it wasresolued that the worse it was done, the better 
 it would be liked, and so it fell out; for the same day after supper
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 39 
 
 it was presented by one which bore the name of the Clarke of S* 
 Gyleses, and acted priuately in the lodging in manner & forme 
 following. 
 
 THE SEUEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 
 INTERLOQUTORES 
 
 THE CLARKE OF St GYLESES. 
 
 MOONEDAY. 
 
 TUSEDAY. 
 
 WENESDAY. 
 
 THURSEDAY. 
 
 FRIEDAY. 
 
 SATTERDAY. 
 
 SUNEDAY. 
 
 N IGHT. 
 
 CHORUS. 
 
 A WOMAN. 
 
 A PAIRE OF SNUFFERS. 
 
 Enter the Clarke zcith all his Jlctturs. 
 
 PROLOGUE. 
 
 Clarke. I am the poore, though not vnlettcrd, Clark(>, 
 And these yo' subjects of S*^ Gyles his parishc, 
 Who in this officious season would not sharke, 
 But thought to greet your highncsse with a morricc, 
 Which since my riper judgement thought not fitt, 
 They haue lavd downe their wiscdouies to my witt. 
 
 And that you might perceive (though seeininge rude) 
 Wee sauour somewhat of the Academic, 
 Wee had achientur'd on an eiiterlude, 
 IJut then of actors wee did lackc a mauve; 
 Therefore we r\\\)l (mh" play into a shnwe, 
 \ Li bigg enough to speake iiu)re then wee know e.
 
 40 
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 
 
 The subject of it was not farr to seeke, 
 Fine witts worke mickle matter out of nifles : 
 Nam'de it I haue Y^ Seaven Daj/es of y^ Weeke, 
 Which though perchaunce graue heads may judge a 
 trifle, 
 Yet if their action answeare but my penninge, 
 You shall heare that, that will deserve a hemminge. 
 
 To tell the argument, were to forstale 
 And sowre y' licquour of our sweete conceate ; 
 Here are good fellowes that will tell you all 
 When wee begin once, you shall quickely ha'te. 
 Which if your grace will grace with your attention. 
 You shall soone sounde the depth of our invention. 
 
 ACT I. 
 
 Enter Mundaye. 
 
 Munday. I Munday am, not he surnam'd the blacke 
 
 But any ordinarye one beside 
 Clarke. Why, Jacke, Jacke, a pox on thee, come in and be 
 hang'd, 
 
 Night should haue come out first. Exeunt. 
 
 Enter Su)iday-Night, cum Luna et alijs pertinentijs, walkes to 
 the farther end, there stayer, and then speakes. 
 
 Night. Peace, sad Musitions of y*= silent night, 
 
 The dolefull Nightingall and dreadfull Owle; 
 With doggs shutt out of doores that cannot bite 
 Although they barke, and at my moonshine howle: 
 Now Night growes old, yet walkes here in his trap- 
 
 pinge 
 Till Daye come catch him, as Mosse his graymare, 
 nappinge. 
 Munday comes and heates him out.
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 41 
 
 Mundaye. I Munday am, not he surnam'd the blacke. 
 But any ordinarye one besyde; 
 Who though 1 carry Sunday on my backe, 
 Thinke not that I am to his girdle tyed, 
 
 For though his cost as myne I had as leefe vse, 
 Yet Munday cannot Hue with Sundayes refuse. 
 
 Hither I come, directed by my paper, 
 To tell my name, and that's already ended : 
 Then to sitt downe (which is as little labour) 
 I would that each man here were so befrended : 
 This oft my part is, but a little crumme 
 You shal heare more, when as more actors come. 
 
 Sedet, cum lucerna, S)C. 
 
 Efiter Mundaye-Niglit as before, then Tuesday beatinge him out. 
 Tzvesday. Avaunt blacke night, seest thou not Twesday morne 
 Do I not looke like Mars his minion ? 
 (Gentlemen, tis my parte to speake in scorne 
 To Munday-night, & not mine owne opinion) 
 For, for myne owne part (not to spoyle the play) 
 I like the night farr better then the day. 
 
 I come vnto you on a sleevclesse erraunde 
 To tell that Twesday is my name authentickc, 
 Farther to singe or say I haue no warraunt, 
 Mundayes commission and myne are Jdenticke ; 
 For though wee came not hand in hand together, 
 You may well thinke we are both birds of a feather. 
 
 Sedet. 
 
 Enter Tuesday night as before, theti llediicsday bcati/ige him out. 
 Wednesday /Y\\e [)ilfringe hcrauld of y'^ thundcr-ihuniper 
 
 (I hope these hard words floe not IViglit your senses 
 I sweare tis not our uicaningr, gratious vnipeere. 
 To ravish you with .sh(n\ < of had pra'tenses) 
 Gauenieniy nanie,\vliicliy(tpcrc-liauiuH"youknownot, 
 Yet 'tis no ridtlle bound vp in a bow-knotU 
 
 G
 
 42 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKK. 
 
 In Ember-weeks I putt on Frydayes bases. 
 And once a yeare my name begins with Ashe; 
 With many other pretty paraphrases 
 I could suspend you, yet figures are but trash. 
 
 My name is Wednesday, that's the short and long, 
 Now I sitt downe, you shall heare more anon. 
 
 Sedet. 
 
 Enter Wednesday -night as before. 
 
 Thursday. Now Thursday comes, of every weeke the middle, 
 As you may see by the standing of my stoole ; 
 locund I am and merry as a fiddle, 
 Perpetuall play-day for the boyes at schoole ; 
 A mortall enemy to fish and white meats, 
 My belly findes no ballast in such slight meats. 
 
 And had not Sunday come and kept his station 
 As Sunday did, Fhad wip't his nose of that'place, 
 For were I in his fine apparrellation, 
 I were as good as Sunday, that's a flat case, 
 But I haue gone beyond my short commission, 
 Sitt downe, and make some vse of Sundayes cushion. 
 
 Sedet. 
 
 Enter Thursday-night as before. 
 
 Friday, I would not haue you load my backe with mocks 
 Though I come lade with river and sea fishes, 
 Perchaunce you'had rather haue each eele an oxe. 
 And so would I, but 'twill not come with wishes : 
 I am leane Friday, brought vpp in a Colledge, 
 That never made good meale vto my knowledge. 
 
 Stepp forth Clarke. 
 
 Clarke. Nott till this yeare in truth a'nt please yo' L. 
 
 I had forgotten y* Christmas-day was on a friday. 
 
 Say on Frydaye. 
 Frydaye. Born was J in y* frosty winter quarter
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES OP THE WEEKE. 43 
 
 Nipt with y^ cold, I haue ere since been bide'bounde, 
 I could leape through & through a nett workt garter, 
 Thinne as a water, hungrye as a tyed'hounde : 
 
 But though it please you thus to heare me tell' woes, 
 Yet I must speake no more t'ye then my fellowes. 
 
 Sedet. 
 
 Enter Fryday-night as before. 
 
 Saturdaye. Saturne (sayth M"" Pond y^ Alminakian) 
 
 Giues mee my name, looke there and you shall find it, 
 Which if you haue not, hee'le soone make you one 
 For the next yeere too, though this were behinde yctt; 
 Take then this rule from his vnerringe science, 
 I am halfe holy-day by my alliance. 
 
 This is a little piece of Frydayes Jackett 
 
 (Friday surnam'd the good but once a yeare) 
 
 Who though perchaunce this weather bee may lack it 
 
 Yet I must ha'te to signifye my cheare, 
 
 Which is the same with fryday in each particle; 
 
 To sitt downe when we have done is our first article. 
 
 Sedtt. 
 
 Enter Saterday-night as before. 
 
 SuJidaye. Long look't for Sunday in his best apparell 
 
 Comes forth, both for to see and to be scene, 
 About which part though there were some small 
 
 quarrell 
 Yet privilcdgc of person made it niync; 
 
 For Sundaye spake not till a clarke had taught hir' 
 And who should haue the best ])art but the author. 
 
 These six you see are all day-labourers, 
 
 Hindes y' scraj)e uiony vpp for me (Ciod seiul it) 
 
 ' Ilic vel hcec dies, a'nt please yo"^ lori'P. wee graiuarians rsc it indifferently.
 
 4i THE SEVEN DATES OF THE WEEKt. 
 
 Which I at y* Alehouse mongst y' pipes &, tabourers 
 Forgett how hard it came, and lightly spend it ; 
 I Sunday am, and you are all come hither 
 To see (o straunge)' two Sundayes met togither. 
 
 Now y* you know our names (great Prince) to make no 
 
 farther smoother, 
 Wee will goe forward with our shew, & talk to one 
 another, 
 And any one in gowne or cloake 
 Hath licence to put in his spoke. 
 
 Sunday sitts doune. 
 
 Enter a woman (Chorus) 
 
 fVoman. A play without a woman in 't 
 Is like a face without a nose; 
 Therefore I come that strife to stinte 
 Though I haue nought to say God knowes ; 
 And since I can no matter handle 
 Fie come sometymes to snufFe their candles. 
 
 ACT 2 
 
 Enter Night without his name. 
 Night. Blacke night as black as any mourninge sable is 
 
 Comes for to prompt the Actors if they stumble. 
 For who can see what night doth say, or able is 
 To heare how night doth walke about & mumble. 
 Now any night, but when one goes away 
 I'le be the night belonginge to that day. 
 Sunday. Now neighbour workidayes, for so you are tearmed. 
 Tell your graue eares I must, a straunge relation; 
 The yeare (you know) call'd Annus of vs learned 
 Consists of our rounde runninge corporation ; 
 And as we doe o' ductyes in our places, 
 The ycare hee makes better or worser faces. 
 * Acted on a Sunday.
 
 THE SEVEN DAVES OF THE WEEKE, 
 
 4.5 
 
 Annus already hath found out some fauhs 
 That should be Fridayes ' doing, by description, 
 Which though the yeare winke at, you cannot halt 
 Before a cripple without some suspition 
 
 To prevent then, where faulty he findes you in. 
 By me hee warnes you of these scapes ensuinge. 
 First M^ Munday you are accused to be 
 A great ingrosser vpp of my best vittayles ; 
 You cannot worke i'lh' morne (a tricke of a loobye) 
 Cause Sunday stick yet by you (are these fitt tales?) 
 Make answer if you can, and vvhilest I stay b'yc 
 Speake each man for himselfe as well as may be. 
 Mund<ii/ Hold harte, hold buttons, or else I shall burst, 
 
 Hee that committs the fault dotli call whoore first. 
 Do I for this rise vpp to make all quiett 
 Ere breake of day, & cover Sundayes riott; 
 Do 1 make cawdles earely ere he stirre yet 
 And possett drinks to parboile his night's surfeitt? 
 And doth y^ glutton, seinge howe I am payn'd here, 
 Grudge me a little of his cold remainder? 
 Now I see well vcrtue and good desart 
 Are lightly set by, & not worth a fart 
 
 (Clarke. I badd you putt in Sir reverence, but y^ rime is swcete 
 enoughc.) 
 
 Well-meaninge Munday put for his manhood mickle 
 A hundred tymcs at least in the Chronickle. 
 The birth-day vnto many noble Princes, 
 And good (lueene Helien fairest of all wenches, 
 Accus'd by Sunday, and at sueli a time, 
 As but for Munday he would want a rime! 
 
 I ihiit ot" seaven haue llie eldest brothers eallingc, 
 Am made a younger brotlier by the dawlinge. 
 W hy say you not that Munday will bee drunke, 
 Keeps all vnruly wakes, ^ })layes at trunkes. 
 
 /';<//(* C'linji/'iint mi^hk't hy n*" viiljiar, acted on a I'liday.
 
 46 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 
 
 Yet putt these Sunday faultes vpon my back, 
 Sunday will haue enough to fill a sack. 
 
 Kinde friends, ere I am gone a hundred paces, 
 This same may chaunce to bee one of your cases. 
 Therefore you shall doe wisely to consider 
 How these circumstances do hange togither, 
 For trueth herselfe if shee were brought in question 
 Could never answer every false suggestion : 
 Therefore I'le make no answeare, but deny all, 
 Vntill hee brings his tenne peny naile of tryall. 
 Snndaye. Mundaye you are a dangerous headed fellowe, 
 
 And well your witt serues for to worke your tale ; 
 Yet must you giue me leaae that for to tell you 
 Wich was giuen me in charge, and not to rayle ; 
 I for myselfe am satisfied at full 
 And you may now be gone e'ne when you wull. 
 Munday. Thus haue I done my part, yet here must stay 
 Till Munday-night come drive me hence away. 
 
 Munday-night comes and putts out his Candle, and beates him in. 
 
 Night. Now observe you what night doth doe, 
 
 And to his hands bee heedfull, 
 For sleepie night hath no delight 
 To talke more then is needfull. 
 Night speaks no more, I am of Vertues faction, 
 The best of my part doth consist of action. 
 Clarke. That Munday holdes his head downe on this fashion, 
 Com's by his stoopinge to his occupation ; 
 He is a thresher, 8c but for that one thinge 
 He might beseme to play before a Kinge, 
 
 For in pitty hee would make you weepe fine winters 
 To see him thresh a passion into splinters. 
 
 Enter Chorus. 
 
 Chorus. If any be so wise to aske, 
 
 Why I will not put oft' my maske.
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 47 
 
 Make him this answer I beseech you ; 
 *Tis least my beutye should bewitch you. 
 
 Now to beare all things scoller-like before vs 
 
 My candle-snuffinge shall serve for a chorus. Exit. 
 
 ACT 3 
 
 Sundaye. Indifferent Tuesday who could once imagine 
 
 Munday & Thursday could haue made you factious ; 
 Against these other three your spite to evagine. 
 As though that fish-day were a name so captious ; 
 
 Seekinge to sever and with wild inventions 
 
 Fire y^ furrsfaggott of dissentions. 
 Yet were this nothinge if you were not noted 
 For a furtherer of Shrove-tydes drunken bouses, 
 Whom flickringe fame hath in her tables quoted 
 For pullinge downe of honest good whoorehouses, 
 
 But since y* in yo"" knaveries you are tan'e, sir, 
 
 To make things short, goe on, sir, with yo"" answer. 
 Tuesday. My freinds, would you were all naild vpp for socketts 
 If you will put your heads in Sundayes pockettsj 
 Who'le be a servitour, if for each petty t fact 
 He shall be ever after credit crackt : 
 I that two and fifty times a yeare attend him. 
 Cannot be allowed one day my sports to spend in ; 
 Some badd mischaunces and haps accidentail 
 May one Tuesday fall, but never by him mcnt all ; 
 And for two or three shrewed turnes which are soone 
 
 numbred. 
 Of my good deeds lie reckon vp a hundred : 
 Bouzcr 1 am not, but mild, sober Tuesday 
 As cait in cap case, if I light not on S^ Ilewsday ;^ 
 Yet in my minde lis not vnfittinge neither 
 The gentle craft should liccjuor well their leather: 
 Now could I furnish all your expectations 
 With a longe speech of mine owne commendations, 
 
 < The Shoemakers liolv-ilav.
 
 48 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 
 
 But michinge modestie is such a clogge, 
 
 I shall blush at it streight like a black dogge. 
 
 Now setts the sunne, darke growes the day so lightsome, 
 
 He putts out his candle. 
 Yet must I stand still here vntill the night's come. 
 
 Enter Night as before to Mundaye. 
 
 Sunday. This Tuesday is a Thatcher by his science, 
 
 That with this frost hath stood with long defiaunce j 
 And holdes it fitt for Christian and for Turke 
 To be a player when he cannot worke. 
 
 Enter Chorus. 
 
 Chorus. Thus sceane by sceane, and stepp by stepp. 
 From act to act our showe doth leape. 
 And I come ever and anon 
 To tell how many Acts are gone ; 
 Which are as many odd and even 
 As these fowre candles want of seauen. Exit. 
 
 ACT 4 
 
 Sunday. It was, and still will be, a thankelesse office 
 
 To tell men of their faults, though ne're so palpable. 
 Yet in this case I'le not be made a novice 
 But speake my minde free if I see them culpable. 
 And therefore Wednesday rubbe up your best reasons 
 To quitt yourselfe of these suspected treasons. 
 You are a neutrall neyther syde affectinge, 
 Nor fish nor flesh, nor very good red herringe. 
 The doubtfull end of opposites expectinge 
 Leane to the strongest, till then never stirringe; 
 You that by one dayes fast, by name Ashwednesday 
 Bate a man more then he hath gott in tenne dayes. 
 You are a pickthanke but come answer this first.
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 49 
 
 Wednesday. Wednesday the wise, that would not touch edgde tooles. 
 For his not medlinge is now calld a foole. 
 Plaine dealing's thought the bratt of silly follye, 
 And men must shuffle and cut now velle, nolle. 
 But peace, Detraction, thou base gruntinge curre, 
 If I moove once, I'le make a stinkinge stirre. 
 I haue but one sett fast in the whole yeare. 
 Put physically, next to belly cheare, 
 I'th' Bacchanalls, yet am I sayd to famish 
 Men that are then fatt as capon cram'd is. 
 But hence away with troublesome devotion. 
 Fasting's as bad as a poticaryes potion. 
 Had [ his nimble wings whose name I carry. 
 Among such paltry fellowes I'de not tarry. 
 
 Sunday. Very like, for you haue his nimble fingers, such 
 Like birdlime that take vpp what ere they touch. 
 And honest you may be, yet some mens harde lucks 
 In Wednesday market lost their purse at Carefux. 
 Wednesday goes fununge and stampinge vpp and downe, and Night 
 fetcheth him out ; then ISunday speakes. 
 
 Sunday. Perchaunce you looke that Wednesday should haue 
 spoken, but you must suppose that a man would be so 
 mooved with these objections that he would not speake 
 for anger. 
 
 By trade he's a joyner & his part vnderstands. 
 And speaks well enough though he use not his hands. 
 
 Enter Chorus. 
 
 Chorus. If Wednesday spake here in his furious fitt. 
 No doubt you hard great store of little witt. 
 Tile fourth act's done, they are short, & we most warye 
 Haue therefore made two more then ordinarye. 
 Play, Musicke, play, and hide so straunge a fact, 
 J (though a woman) silent am this act. Exit
 
 50 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKlK. 
 
 ACT 5. 
 
 Sunday. Now my corrivall that with looks gainsayinge 
 
 Dost view my pompe, I speake not this in choller, 
 Thursday y'are idle, adle, ever playinge, 
 Vtter vndoer of a grammar-scholler. 
 
 Whose negligence (if I haue not heard a lye) 
 Maks Friday be so cruel), now replye. 
 Thursday. That bagg that other mens defaults are put in 
 Wee beare before vs, ready still to looke in. 
 But nature was to blame, that in this kinde 
 Made not an eye to see our owne behinde. 
 I, that in tender care and kinde compassion 
 Giue scollers leaue to play for recreation, 
 Am an idle fellowe, therefore I will Avaken 
 The sleepinge proverbe Each thing 's as tis taken. 
 Did y^ old world dote, thinke you, or but dallye, 
 That grac'd me onely with the name of holye ?^ 
 That world which had as much skill in one finger 
 
 To judge of men, as fourty figure flingers. 
 
 But what an asse am J in tearmes praeciser. 
 To care what Sunday sayes, beinge no wiser ? 
 These are but his devises to defame vs, 
 
 I will myselfe goe talke with Monsieur Annus. 
 Sundaye. Yes, so you maye; come, Night, dispatch him hence. 
 
 Annus will rattle him in an other sence. 
 
 This is the fellowe would haue playd my part. 
 
 Though neyther fitt by nature or by art. 
 
 Here is a taylour, but to tell would tyre one 
 
 Which is most goose, hee or his pressing iron ? 
 
 Enter Chorus. 
 
 Chorus. Because the night hath many misty vapoures 
 
 Chorus hath care to keepe bright burninge tapours; 
 ^ Holy Thursday, Ascension Day.
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES or THE WEEltEi 51 
 
 Nor is that all, but least it might be wandringe, 
 To snuffe the light too of your vnderstandinge ; 
 If any spcach haue past beyond your kenninge 
 Chorus, if she may knowe it, will tell the meaninge. 
 
 Exit. 
 
 ACT 6. 
 
 Sunday. Ill favoured Friday, curs'd, bande, & defied 
 By all saue those that dwell by the sea-syde; 
 Fee'd by physitions that hate health and quiett, 
 To poyson nature with unholsome dyett 
 Offish and rootes ; worse things then charme or philter 
 To put precisest bodyes out of kilter; 
 Your tricks are many, my witts so affrightinge 
 That I was faine to putt them downe in writtinge : 
 
 He delivers him a Paper. 
 All which doe shewe your spite vnto the land, 
 Settinge the sea vpon the vpper hand. 
 
 Friday. Though you are a Clarke, and I am but a ditcher. 
 You know not whether sea or land be richer 
 No more then I, therefore till that be tryed 
 The sea may stand sometymes on th'vpper syde. 
 And though there be of flesh as yett gods plentye 
 With other helpes, yet if of fish I graunt ye ; 
 Flesh wilbe wasted so with often carveinge 
 That you may hang yourselves for feare of starvinge : 
 For other crimes whereof I am indighted, 
 If by my L. good patience I might reade, 
 I could in two or three words quite confute 'hem, 
 Or with as long an answeare quickely sute 'hem. 
 But 'twould be tadious your nice eares benumminge. 
 And Night you sec looks for his que to come in. 
 
 Enter Friday-night as before. 
 
 Friday had finisht his part very nought'ily. 
 Hud he acted as bad as he spakti softly;
 
 5S THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 
 
 Paines I tooke with him, but though yo'r hfe you 
 
 should leese, 
 He will neuer speake lowder then a mouse in a cheese 
 
 Enter Chorus. 
 
 Chorus. Behinde my backe you'le say anon, 
 
 That Chorus should speake Pro and Con; 
 
 But Common-sense will never suffer 's 
 
 To speake for y* Candle against the snuffers. Exit. 
 
 ACT 7. 
 
 Sunday. Now, Saturday, thinke not I beare any evill edge 
 
 Against your person, though I warne you stand fast. 
 Nor thinke, though you weare gay clothes, by an 
 
 Eeves priviledge. 
 From y^ wast downe-ward you shal be uncanvast. 
 Yes, though you were a man of silke and velvet. 
 Yet you shall heare your owne, if 1 can helpe it. 
 You euer were, and are still (by this hand) 
 A common taverne, alehowse hunter, marke it. 
 That drawe in simple countrey-fellowes, and 
 Send them home drunke that sober came to market. 
 And havinge but an egg before you sett fast, 
 Invite all batchelors of ars to break-fast. 
 Saturday. Who is't that knowes how neere we two are borderinge 
 Could thinke Sunday would shake me such afoddringe? 
 I am his Steward, and his carefull Caterer, 
 Gentleman-vsher and his yeoman fewterer : 
 Make his provision, but this is the spite on't, 
 I buy good meate but never eate a bitt ont : 
 With carefull search I robb ponds, rivers, seas 
 Of fishe and foule, his dainty mouth to please. 
 Nor on y'^ land is that meat hee can wishe. 
 But Sunday finds it ready in his dishe,
 
 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 53 
 
 Yet for this am I banded as a ball is, 
 And pounded with the pestle of peevishnesse in y' 
 morter of malice. 
 
 (Clark. Soft, &. be hangd; you have marrd a good verse :) 
 
 Service hath small reward, good turnes oft paine vs. 
 And still wee scorne the meane that doth maintaine vs. 
 I could reply to all, but see no fittnesse 
 For vs to make more words without more wittnesse. 
 A drowsy humour on me now encroachinge 
 Shewes melancholy night to bee approachinge; 
 And see, bee comes, S' Sol his owne eye closes, 
 
 Putts out his candle. 
 And I must sneake away vnder your noses. 
 
 Enter Saturday-night as before. 
 
 Sunday. This is our pinders boy, sonne to a drover. 
 
 That cannot keepe his mouth from runninge over. 
 
 But Nature was mistaken, or did wrounge 
 
 In a mans head to put a womans tounge, 
 
 Yet next time, if my braynes their vertues holde, 
 
 rie fitt him right, for he shall play a scolde. 
 
 Hee calls aside. 
 Why, night, come & fetch mee away, you never 
 marke yo^ Q. 
 
 Going out, returnes and speakes. 
 But yet to keepe our order right 
 You must heare what hee is that playes this Night; 
 Though it neede not, for you may see, I wis. 
 He was made for a butcher, and so he is. 
 
 Chorus. As true as y^ oracle at a place call'd Delphos 
 
 That vnknowne fortunes & darke dreanies did tell folks, 
 So stand I here, and if ought want vnnuiskinge 
 Speake (juickcly, this is y*^ last time of askingc. 
 And 1 may keepe my hands still in my muffe. 
 For hcerc is never a candle left to snuffc.
 
 54 THE SEVEN DAYES OF THE WEEKE. 
 
 Playe, Musicke, playe, though we haue hewd & hact, 
 Yet let them all know, this is our last act. 
 Sunday. This was a Quea'ster not to speake it in vauntinge 
 
 You may know't by his voyce, but his maintenaunce 
 
 wantinge, 
 He would needs be a sawyer in any case 
 That still he might go by his rule, lyne,-& space. 
 
 Hee ryses atid speakes of himselfe. 
 Should I not make this senselesse stoole too proude, 
 Fde dresse him in ray clothes, set my light on him, 
 And then tell Sunday of his faults so loud 
 That y^ bare walks here should crye out, fye on him : 
 But you would sweare my pate had need bee purged 
 If I should tell myne owne faults beinge not vrged. 
 I will not presse yo' patience with long talke, 
 I do not doubt you think I am not blamelesse 
 To play thus on a Sunday is a fault 
 With many other which shall now bee namelesse. 
 For this I red once in a song I spied, 
 The fox though vnholy hath the grace to hide. 
 
 Exit. 
 
 EPILOGUE. 
 
 Enter Clarke with the rest. 
 
 Great Prince and mighty monarch of this place, 
 The very capp of curtesy and kindnesse, 
 Thinke not we come to prayse you to your face, 
 For we would say as much were you behinde vs. 
 If we haue moov'd offence, I say, that If, 
 Let not your princely choller stand too stiff. 
 For 'twas the hart-burninge of o"^ duety drove vs 
 To these our shifts of witt, now if your favour, 
 That nmncs so fast & did to this worke moove vs. 
 Should with this nights cold sport bee frozen over. 
 Such an vnkinde cold miglit take vs at y*' matter 
 That v.ee might loose our tongs for ever after.
 
 THE TERME PROROGUED. 55 
 
 But if the lanthorne of yo' Lordshipps love 
 Shall light vs home through y^ mist of reprehension, 
 From y^ distaffe of o*" duetye we will proove 
 To draw a threed of a more fine invention : 
 And when your brayne, feeles any payne. 
 
 With cares of state & troubles, 
 We'el come in kindnesse to put your highnesse 
 Out of y"" mumble fubbles. 
 
 Nothing throughout the whole yeare, was better liked and more 
 pleasant then this shewe, in so much that, allthough it were more 
 priuately done before our selves onely or some few freinds, yel 
 the report of it went about all the towne, tell it came to the Vice- 
 chauncellours and my L. Cliffords eares, who were very desjrous 
 to see it acted againe, and so it was as heereafter shal bee spe- 
 cify ed. 
 
 The next day beeing Munday the 11 of January the terme 
 should have begun in the house, but because of the extreame cold 
 and froast which had now continued full six weekes and better 
 without any intermission as also by reason the hall was still pes- 
 tered with the stage and scaffolds which were suffered to stand 
 still in expectation of the Comedy, therefore it was agreed by the 
 President and the officers that the terme should bee prorogued 
 for 7 dayes longer in which time it was agreed the Comedy should 
 lee publickely acted on Frieday the la"^ day of January. 
 
 But hcere the Prffisident and some of the Seniors in abundance 
 of care were affrayd to j)ut any thing againe to the j)ublicke view 
 of the Vniuersity, because their last paines at The Complaint of 
 Time had so ill ihriuing. Besides the season was so scucre and tem- 
 [xstuous with wind and snow, which had continued some dayes 
 without ceasing, and the complaint of the poorc was so greiuious 
 for want of wood and meate, which by this time were growne very 
 scant and deerc;, that they urged it was a time rather to lament and 
 Heeoe then make sj)orts in, whereupon a ^>treight iuhibition was
 
 56 THE TERME PROROGUED. 
 
 sent out from the officers, that no man should thinke of playing 
 that night or any time after, tell the weather should breake up and 
 bee more temperate, for they thought it no way fitt puplickly to 
 revell at a time of such generall wo and calamity. 
 
 But yet because all thinges were in a readinesse and the expec- 
 tation of the whole toune was set uppon that night, the younger 
 men of the Colled ge went forward with there buisnes, intending 
 to take no notice of what the officers had aggreed uppon, where- 
 fore some of the officers were fayne to come in person to forbid 
 the worke-men, and to undo some things which were already 
 done, to the great greife and discouragment of all the youth, 
 who, though the weather was extreame cold, were themselues 
 most hotte uppon the matter in hand, resoluing now or neuer to 
 recouer their losse credit. 
 
 And, as though the heavens had favoured their designes, so it 
 happened that about noone the weather brake up and it begann to 
 thaw, whereuppon the Praesident was agayne importun'd by the 
 prince himselfe and his councell for the performance of the Co- 
 medy that night; who (seeing they were all so earnest) did not so 
 much graunt, as not deny them, their request, whereuppon they 
 begann againe to sett forward the buisnes and what they wanted 
 in time, they made up by their willingnesse and paynes, so that 
 for all these crosses they begann the play before 7 a clocke and 
 performed it in manner following :
 
 THB TERME PROROGUED. 57 
 
 PHILOMATHES. 
 
 INTERLOQUTORES 
 CHORUS. 
 
 
 JANUS, 
 
 
 
 TEMPUS. 
 
 
 MOTUS 
 
 , 
 
 LOCUS. 
 
 QUIES. 
 
 
 VACUUM. 
 
 PHILOMATHES. SOPHIA. 
 
 CHRYSOPHILOS, SENEX AVARUS. AUTARCHIA. 
 
 PHANTASTA, STOLIDUS GENEROSUS. AUTHADIA. 
 
 Af fOVJOf, FILIUS CHRYSOPHILl. ANJEA, MULIER INEPTA. 
 
 CHRESTOPHILOS, SOCIUS PHILOMATHIS. 
 CRITO, SENEX, PATER SOPHIiE. 
 CRITONIS SERUUS. 
 CERDOOS, SERUUS CHRYSOPHILl. 
 PETINUS, SERUUS PHANTASTA. 
 
 This play was very well acted, but especially the Chorus, the 
 stage was never more free, the audience neuer more quiett, and 
 contented, so that they went away many of them crieing Abun^ 
 de satisfactum est! itt was so well liked and applauded of all that 
 saw itt. 
 
 Here the stage &. scaffold were pul'd downe w"^*^ had stood from 
 Cristmas, and it was resolued that vpon the chaunge of the wea- 
 ther, the terme should begin on the Munday followeing. 
 
 But in the meanc time on Sunday nighte, being the Seventeenth 
 of January, the Viccchancelor and the L. Clifford w*** many other 
 
 I
 
 '58 THE TERME PROROGUED. 
 
 D** and Gentlemen were iniiited to supper in the Praesidents lodg- 
 ing, where after supper they were entertained with a shew before 
 mentioned, to witt. The 7 Ddies in the Weeke, to which, by this 
 time, there was somewhat added, but not much : all was most 
 kindely accepted, and the nighte was spent in great mirth. For 
 the straungenes of the matter, and rarity of the fashion of their 
 action pleased above expectation. 
 
 At the end of this shew for the more rarity, there was one 
 brought in my Lord's Stockes w**^ this speech made vppon itt: 
 
 " My Lord, I w* am the lowest, am now become the lowdest 
 though (\ hope) not the lewdest of your Lo"^?* seruauntes. And 
 though I come pridie Calendas, before I am cald, yet (I hope) 
 my audacity shall have audience, and my faithfulnes fauor. I am 
 yo"^ Lorppes Elephaunt and heere is yo"^ castell, so that where 
 other Lords are brought to their castells, heere yo"^ castell is 
 brought to you. Est locus in career e, there is a locke vpon yo"" 
 Lorpp's castell, which was committed vnto my trust, how faithfull 
 I have bene therein, they can tell wfio haue takeu an exact mea- 
 sure of my office by the foote : the matter of w* your castell is 
 builded is so precious, that there is none amongst company, but 
 is contented to weare of it w*in his buttons, the end for w*^'* it was 
 builded is very commendable, that they may bee kepte in order 
 w* wood, w'=^ otherwise wou'd not bee kepte in order, heere is 
 fons latus pedibus tribus, a fountaine to wash three mens legs, that 
 they w'^'' have bene aurium temts, ouer shoes, heere may bee cru- 
 riim tenus over bootes too. This yo^ Lor^P^ oracle or Tripos, out 
 of which malefactors tell the truth and foretell of their amend- 
 ment. Nay, I wilbee bould to compare it to yo'' LorPP* braine, for 
 what is there designed is heere executed. In these sells or ven- 
 tricles are fancy, vnderstanding, and memory. For such as yo' 
 Lo'T' doth not fancy are put in the first hole, such as were dull and 
 w*''out vnderstanding were put in the second hole, but such as yo'' 
 Lorp ihrcatned (remember this) or I'le remember you, were put 
 in the last and lowest dungeon, cum nemini obtrudi potest itur ad 
 me. When they cannot bee ruled otherwise they are brought 
 ynto mee, and my entertainement is strata discumbitur ostro,
 
 THE PRINCES INVITATION TO CHRISTCHURCH. 59 
 
 they straite sett downe att this oistertablJe, where they;'are fast 
 and doe fast, ffor viuitur exiguo melius, they make small meales, 
 till the flames of clemency doe mitigate the Salamanders of yo^ 
 Lorpp' severity. Now, my Lord, since I have told you what I 
 am, I will hee bold to tell you what you may bee You are mor- 
 tall Ergo you must die, the three sisters will not spare you, 
 though you were there owne brother, and therefore while you 
 have yo"" good witts about you, fac quid vobis, make y'^ will, that 
 wee may know amongst so many well deseruing men, that doe lay 
 claime to this yo"^ castell, to whome as rightfuU heire itt shall 
 lawfully descend, that so all controuersies being ended, before yo' 
 Lori"'" deceasse, hereafter yo"" bones may ly, and wee yo"^ sub- 
 jcctes live, in all rest and quietnes. 
 
 Dixi." 
 
 To make an end of this nightes sporte, all departed merry and 
 very well pleased, the actors were much commended, and the 
 terme for their sakes prorogued one day longer. 
 
 On the Thursday following the Prince was solcmnely invited 
 by the Canons of Cbristchurch to a comedy called Yuletide, 
 where many thinges were either ill ment by them, or ill taken by 
 vs, but wee had very good reason to thinke the former, both for 
 that the whole towne thoughte so, and the whole play was a 
 medley of Christmas sportes, by w"^'^ occasion Christmas Lords 
 were much jested at, and our Prince was soe placed that many 
 thinges were acted vpon him, but yet, M"^ deane himsclfe, then 
 vicc-chancelor, very kindly sent for the Prince and some others 
 of o' hovvse, and laboured to satisfie vs, protesting that no such 
 thing was mente, as was reported, whereupon wee went away 
 contented, and forbore the s[)eaking of many things w'"' other- 
 wise were afterwards intended, for aunsweruig ot" them in their 
 owne kmd. 
 
 On Candlemas nighte it was thoiigiite l)v o'' selves, and reported 
 HI tlu- Towne, that the Prince should resigne his place, hut no- 
 thing being in a readines for that j)urpo>e itt was dillered, hut vet, 
 least nothing should hee done, there was a Vigiiate (as they
 
 60 
 
 A VIGILATE. 
 
 terme it) a watching nighte procured by the Prince and his Coun- 
 sel!, and graimted by the officers of the Colledge, w* was pform- 
 ed in manner following. 
 
 THE VIGILATE. 
 
 First, about eighte of the Clocke (for then itt was to begin, 
 and to continue till fowre in the Morning) the Colledge gates were 
 shutt, and all the students summon'd by the sounding of a Trum- 
 pett three times, to make their psonall appearaunce in the greate 
 Hall, where after they were all come together, that the Princes 
 pleasure might bee the better knowne, this proclamation was 
 publikely pronounced by a Serjeant att Armes, in the hearing of 
 them all. 
 
 The high and mighty Thomas by the fauour of Fortune Prince of 
 Alba Fortunata, Lord S' lohns, High Regent of the Hall, &c. 
 To all Presidents, Vice Presidents, Officers, Readers, M". 
 Batchelors, Felowes, SchoUers, Commoners, Vnder-common- 
 ers, Seruaunts, Seruitors, sendeth greeting. 
 
 Whereas of late by the turbulent spirits of seditious minded psons 
 hath bene buzzed into the eares of many of our louing and liege
 
 A VIOILATfi. 61 
 
 subjectes a fearefuU and dangerous report of o' sudden downefall, 
 which according to their libelling speeches should att this nighte 
 fall vpon vs Wee haue thought it necessary not so much for o' 
 owne feares w'='* are none at all, as for satisfieing and strengthen- 
 ing o' welmeaning freinds in their love and duty, to publish and by 
 these presents to all o^ loyall subjects of what state and condicon 
 soever, that they make their psonall appearaunce to the setting 
 and furnishing of a most strong guarde and careful! watch as 
 well for their security as the safety of o^ owne royall pson, & the 
 whole Common-wealth; In the w*^** generall watch for the better 
 comfort and ease of all men, o' selfe, w* o*^ honourable privy 
 counsell, and the rest of o"^ Nobility, intend to bee psonally 
 present. 
 
 But because wee are no way minded to oppresse any man above 
 his power, on o' princely bounty, wee giue licence to such as (for 
 age or infirmity) are not able to pforme that duty, to forfaite for 
 their absence, yf they pleade age, ij* vj''; if infirmity, xij*^, to- 
 wards y' furnishing of his Highnes with a tall and sufficient 
 watchman. 
 
 Now because that w'^'' wee haue wisely thought, and for o"^ peace 
 and safety, may not prooue the cause of new troubles and dissen- 
 tions, wee haue thought good to adjoine some few cautions, in 
 way of admonitions to bee obserued. 
 
 First, for that the disorders of an vnruly and mutinous watch doe 
 often open as it were the gate of danger and outrage, o"^ princely 
 will and pleasure is, that each man keepe his station w^'' out 
 murmuring, ^forming cheerefully all such offices and duties, as 
 shal bee lawfully enjoin'd by vs, or o*" offices, vpon paine of 
 forfeiting ij' vj**, as for age. 
 
 Seacondly because sloth is a kind of disease in a well ordered 
 Common-wealth wee further charge and command by the vcr- 
 tue of o' absolute authority, that no man bee found winking, or 
 pincking, or nodding, much lessc snorting, vpon painc of for- 
 faiting twelve pence as for infirmity. 
 
 Thirdly for the auoiding of a sudden dearth, or lingring famine 
 w'^' may ensue and Justly follow the free an vndoubted liberty
 
 I A VIGILATB. 
 
 of a riotous and luxurious time, yt is by vs thought necessary; 
 that no man should in hugger mugger eate or drincke more 
 then is publickly seene and allowed by the face of the body 
 civill and politicke, vpon paine of paieing twise, for such is in 
 a manner stolne ^uision and the second pai"** to bee arbitrary. 
 
 Given att o"" Mannor of Whites-hall the seacond of Fe- 
 bruary and in the first of o"^ Raigne. 
 
 This proclamation beeing read and set up in the great hall, the 
 prince called for his officers and seruants about him charging 
 every man carefully to execute his office. First the steward and 
 buttler(who for their auncient fidelity kept their places according 
 as they had long before beene appointed by the colledge) were 
 commaunded to bring their bookes, and by them to call up all 
 the bowse whereupon (every one beeing first charged to awnswere 
 to his name) it presently appeared who were present and who 
 were absent. 
 
 After this the M' of the Revels and the Knight Marshall were 
 willed to appoint severall sportes that no man might bee seene 
 idle upon payne of the princes high displeasure whereupon pre- 
 sently some went to cardes, some to dice, some to dauncing, 
 every one to some thing. 
 
 Not long after, for more variety sake, there was brought in a 
 maske ; the devise was sudden and ex tempore, videl : a little page 
 attired in his long coats, with these six verses which were spoke 
 as soone as he entred the hall. 
 
 These are six carpet knights, and J one page 
 Can easily bring in six that bee of age.
 
 A VIGILATfi. 63 
 
 They come to visile this your highnes court. 
 And if they can, to make your honour sport. 
 Nay this is all, for I haue scene the day 
 A richer maske had not so much to say. 
 
 . After these maskers had finished the measures, and some few 
 other daunces, the said page waned them forth with his wan, and 
 spake these two verses : 
 
 There are three they say would shew you an anticke, 
 But when you see them, you'l thinke them franticke. 
 
 Then there came in three in an anticke which were well at- 
 tyred for that purpose, and daunced well to the great delite of 
 the beholders. 
 
 After these had stollen away one by one, as the manner is, it 
 pleased the prince to aske what was a clocke, it beeing aunswered 
 almost twelue hee presently call'd in for su])pcr. But first the 
 bill of those wliich were before noted to bee absent was call'd, to 
 see whether any of them would yet appcare, and the prince would 
 deale favorably with them. It was also examined whether any of 
 those which were present before were now gon to bed, and ac- 
 cordingly authority was given by the prince to the marshalls of 
 the hall and other officers to search the chambers for sleepers, 
 and where they made aunswere to aske the reason of their sloth- 
 full neglect or wilfull contempt of the princes commaunds, and 
 if they pleaded ether infirmity or age to take there fine, and so 
 fjuietly to depart, first causing them laithfull to give their words 
 that thev harboured no other idle or suspicious parsons, liut if 
 rhey knoct at any of the chambers of those that were al)scnt and 
 nobody would answer, then they had full authority to brcake 
 open the dores and to make a privy search, and if they found any 
 abed they tooke tliem as they were in their shirts and earrvcd 
 them downc in state to the hall after this nianiur: 
 
 First went the marshals with lights to make room. 
 Then came on scpiirc carrying the gonne of iiini whome they 
 brought and another that carryed his halt ik, band.
 
 64 A VIGILATE. 
 
 Then came two other squires whereof one carryed his dublet 
 
 the other his breeches. 
 Then came two with lights. 
 Next came he that was in his shirt carryed by two in a chaire 
 
 and covered with a blancket. 
 Last behind came one squire more that carryed his shoes & 
 
 stockings. 
 
 All these beeing entred the hall, the squires made their attend- 
 ance about him with great observance, every one reaching him 
 his apparrell as it pleased him to call for it, and then also helping 
 him on with it. And this was the punishment of those that were 
 found a bed. 
 
 Others which were found up in their chambers & would not 
 answer were violently brought downe with bills and staves as ma- 
 lefactors and by the Knight Marshals appointment were com- 
 mitted close prisoners to the princes castle, videl. the stocks, which 
 were placed upon a table to that purpose, that those which were 
 punished might bee seene to the terrour of others. 
 
 By this time supper was ready and the sewer call'd to the 
 dresser whereupon the buttery bell was presently rung as it uses 
 to bee at other ordinary meales, besides a trumpet was sounded at 
 the kitchen hatch to call the wayters together. 
 
 After the first messe was served in, the prince with the rest of 
 his councell satt downe, then all the rest of the howse in seni- 
 ority. 
 
 Towardes the end of supper two gentlemen of the second table 
 fell out, wee could neuer distinctly know about what, it was 
 verely supposed themselves scarsly knew, but from wordes they 
 fell suddenly to blowes, and ere any man was aware, on of them 
 had stabbed the other into the arme with his knife to the great 
 praejudicc of the mirth, which should or would haue followed that 
 night. But the offender was presently apprehended (and though 
 a gentleman of some worth) put into my Lord's stocks, where 
 hee lay most part of that night with shame and blame inough. 
 And yet for all that punishment the next day he was convented 
 before the officers of the colledge, and there agayne more grei- 
 vously punished; for the fault was much agravated by the cir-
 
 A VIGILATE. 65 
 
 curastances of the time, place and person that was hurt, who was 
 a very worshipful! knights sonne and hey re. 
 
 After this the prince with some of the better sort of the howse 
 beeing mucli disconted with the mischaunce that had happened, 
 retyred themselves into the president lodging, where priuatly 
 they made themselues merry, with a wassail called the five bells 
 of Magdalen church, because it was an auncient note of those 
 bells, that they were almost neuer silent. This shew for the 
 better grace of the night was performed by some of the M" and 
 officers themselues in manner following : 
 
 Enter the Clarke of Magdalens alone. 
 
 Your kind acceptance of the late devise 
 Presented by S^ Gyles's clarkc, my neighbour, 
 Hath hartned mee to furnish in a trice 
 This nights up sitting with a two liovres labour: 
 
 Ffor any thing, I hope, though ne're so naghty 
 
 Wil be accepted in a Vigilate. 
 
 I have observed as your sportes did passe all 
 (A fault of mine to bee to curious) 
 The twelfe night slipt away without a wassail, 
 A great defect, to custome most injurious: 
 
 Which [ to mend have done my best indeavour 
 To bring it in, for better late then never. 
 
 And more, for our more tuneable proceeding, 
 I have ta'ne downe the five bells in our towre. 
 Which will performe it, if you give tlicm heeding, 
 Most musically, though they ring an hovre. 
 Now I go in to oyle my bells and pruin them, 
 When 1 com downe lie bring them downe kS. tune them. 
 
 Exit. 
 
 After a while he returned with five others presenting his five 
 beis, and tyed with five bel-ropes, which after he had [)ulled one 
 by one, they all began a peale, and sang in Latin as foUowelh : 
 
 K
 
 66 A VIGILATE. 
 
 Jam sumus laetis dapibus repleti, 
 Copiam vobis ferimus flueutem, 
 Gaudium vobis canimus jocose 
 
 Vivite laeti. 
 
 Te deum dicunt (venerande Bacche) 
 Te deam dicunt (reverenda mater) 
 Vos graves vobis removete luctus : 
 
 Vivite laeti. 
 
 Dat Ceres vires, hominumque firmat 
 Corpora, et Bacchus pater ille vini 
 Liberat curis animos molestis : 
 
 Vivite laeti. 
 
 Ne dolor vestros animos fatiget, 
 Vos jubet lasta haec removere curas 
 Turba, laetari feriaeque suadent. 
 
 Vivite laeti. 
 
 En Ceres laetae segetis creatrix, 
 Et pater vini placidique somni 
 Pocula haec vobis hilares ministrant 
 
 , monarcha. 
 
 Sume 
 
 magister. 
 
 . Bibunt omnes ordine dum, adores ha^c ultima carmiua 
 sapius repetunt ; mox singuli toti conventui sic or- 
 dine gratulantiir. 
 
 Tenor. Reddere faelicem si qucmquam copia possit 
 Copia ficlicis iiomen habere jubet. 
 Copia laete jubet tristes dc|)ellcre curas, 
 Copia quam cingit Bacchus ct ahna Ceres. 
 
 Counter Quern uou delectant moderate pocula sumpta? 
 Tenor. Cujus nou animum dulcia vina juvant .''
 
 A VIOILATE. 67 
 
 Dulcia vina juvant, dulcem dant vina soporem, 
 Magnificas ornant dulcia vina dapes. 
 
 Meane. Frugibus alina Ceres mortalia pectora nutrit, 
 Exoinaiii campum frugibus alma Ceres. 
 Si cuiquam desint Cerelia dona, nee illi 
 Lensei patris munera grata placent. 
 
 Nee vobis Cereris nee Bacclii munera desint, 
 Annuat et votis Jupiter ipse meis. 
 
 Treble. Alma Ceres vestris epulis laetatur, et ecce 
 Copia cum Baccho gaudia Iseta canunt 
 
 Mox omnes cantantes Exeunt. 
 
 Gaudium laitum canimus, cancmus 
 Hoc idem seun)er, nee enim dolere 
 Jam licet, lata: feria; hie aguntur 
 
 Vivite laeti. 
 
 Sffipius nobis feria', rcvertant, 
 Saepius vinum liceat potare, 
 Sa?pius vobis hilarcs cananuis 
 
 Vivite Iffiti. 
 
 This then was suddenly and extempore clapt together for want 
 of a better, but notwithstanding was as willingly and chearefully 
 receaved as it was proferd. 
 
 By this time it was foure a clocke and liberty was given to 
 every one to goe to bed or stay up as long as they pleased. The 
 Prince with his couiieell brake up their watch, >o did most of the 
 iVlaisters of the hovse, but the yoiuiger sort stay'd up till prayers 
 time, and durst not g(ie to bed toi' Icare ol one ant)lluT. For 
 some, after lliey IkuI iieenee to dej)art, were ieleht out of their beds 
 by their fellowes, and not sull'ered to put on their clothes till they 
 came into the hall. And thus the day came, &. made an end of 
 this night's sport.
 
 68 EGG SATTERCAY. 
 
 On the sixt of februaiy beeing egge satterday, it pleased some 
 gentlemen schollers in the towne to make a dauncing night of it. 
 They had provided many new and curious daunces for the maske 
 of Penelope's woers, but the yeare beeing far spent and Lent 
 drawing on and many other thinges to bee performed, the prince 
 was not able to bestow that state upon them which their love 8c 
 skill deserved. But their good will was very kindely receiued by 
 the prince in this night's private travels. They had some appa- 
 rell suddenly provided for them and these few Latin verses for 
 their induction 
 
 Isti fuere credo Penelopes proci 
 Quos justa forsan ira Telemachi domo 
 Expulit Vlyssis. 
 
 After all this sport was ended the prince entertayned them very 
 royally with good store of wine and a banquet where they were 
 very merry and well pleased all that night. 
 
 Against the next Tuesday following beeing shrouetuesday the 
 great stage was againe set up and the scaffolds built about the 
 hall for the princes resignation, which was performed that night 
 with great state and solemnity in manner and forme following :
 
 ItlA SEU TVMVLVS FORTVNjE* 69 
 
 IRA SEU TVMVLVS FORTVNiE. 
 INTERLOCLTORES. 
 
 PRINCEPS. 
 
 ADMIRALIUS. 
 
 THESAURARIUS. 
 
 COMPTROLLARIUS. 
 
 CANCELLARIUS. 
 
 JUSTITIARIUS. 
 
 MARESCALLUS. 
 
 CAMERARIUS. 
 PHILOSOPHUS. JURIDICUS. 
 
 CYNICUS. MAGISTER LUDORUM. 
 
 MOMUS. ANTEAMBULO PRIMUS. 
 
 POLYCRATES. ANTEAMBULO SECUNDUS. 
 
 PHILADELPHUS. STULTUS. 
 
 CHORUS. 
 
 MINERUA. FORTUNA. 
 
 EUPHEMIA. TOLM^A. 
 
 Many strp.ungers of all sorts were invited to this shew, and 
 many more '^ame together, for the name's sake only of a re- 
 pignacon, to see the manner and solemnity of it, for y' it was re- 
 ported (and truly) that there was nothing els to l)ee done or scene 
 beside the resignacon and no man thought so mueh eould haue 
 beene said of so little matter. 
 
 The stage was never so oppressed w*'' company, insomuch tliat 
 it was verely thought itt eould not hce plorjucd th;ii night for 
 want (jf roome ; but the audience was so favourable as to stand us 
 close and yeeld as much backc as was p(js.sil)lc ; so that for all 
 tumults it began about 7 a clocke, and was very well liked of all.
 
 70 THE prince's resignation. 
 
 Only some few, more vpon their owne guilty suspicon tlian 
 our plaine intention, thinking themselves toucht at that verse of 
 Momus 
 
 Dixi, et quem dederat cursum fortuna peregi, 
 
 laboured to raise an hissing, but it was soone smothered, and the 
 whole company in the end gave vs good applause and dented 
 very well pleased. 
 
 After the shew was ended, the sometimes Lord was canied in 
 state to his owne private chamber after this manner : 
 
 Ffirst went two Squires w*'' lights. 
 
 Next Euphemia and Tolmaea. 
 
 Then 2 other Squires w"' lightes. 
 
 Next Minerva and Fortuna. 
 
 Then came 4 other Squires with lightes and in the midst of 
 them 4 SchoUers bearing on their shoulders a tonibe or se- 
 pulcher adorned with scutchions and little flagges, wherein 
 all the Princes honours had bene buried before. 
 
 After this came the Prince alone, in his Schollers gowne and 
 hood as the cheife mourner. 
 
 Then all the rest of his counsell and company likewise in blacke 
 gownes and hoodes, like mourners, two by two. 
 
 All these were said to goe to the Temple of Minerva there to 
 consecrate and erecte the scpulcher, and this state was very well 
 liked of all that saw itt. 
 
 Heere wee thought to luive made an end of all, and to have 
 puld downe the scaffolds and stage, but then many aid that so 
 much preparacon was to much for so small a show. Besides 
 there was an English Tragedy almost ready, which they were 
 very earnest should bee ^formed, but, many arguments were al- 
 ledged against it : ffirst, for the time, because itt was neere Lent, 
 and consequently a season vnfitt for plaies Secondly, the stile 
 for that itt was English, a language vnfitt for the vniversitie, es- 
 pecially to end so much late sporte w"' all Thirdly, the suspicon
 
 PERIANDER. 71 
 
 of some did more hinder it then all the rest, for y* it was thought 
 that some ptieulers were aimed att in tlie Chorus, which must 
 needes bee distastfull Lastly, the ill lucke, vv<^'' wee had before 
 \vh EiiglisJi, made many very loth to have any thing done againe 
 in that straine. 
 
 But these objections being aunswered all well as might bee, 
 and faithfull pniise being made and taken y* if any word were 
 thought j)sonall, it should bee presently put out, the stage was 
 sufl'ered to stand, and the scaffolds somewhat enlarged against 
 the Saturdav following. Att which time such a concourse of 
 peo[)le from all places, and of all sorts came together presently 
 after dinner, that itt was thought impossible any thing should 
 have beene done that night for tumults. Yet in the beginning 
 such order and care was taken (every one being willing att the 
 last cast to helpe towardes the making a good end,) that the stage 
 was kept voide of all company, and the scaffoldes were reserved 
 for stroungers and men sorte, better then ever they were before, 
 so that it began very ])eaceably somewhat before six a clocke, 
 and was pformed in manner following: 
 
 PERIANDER. 
 CHORFS. 
 
 THi: Mil OF THE REVELS. DETRACTION. 
 
 THE yi^ OF THE REVELS BOY. RESOLUTION. 
 
 INGENUITY A DOCTOR OF PIIYSICKE. 
 
 INTERLOCfTORES. 
 
 PERIANDER, TYRANNUS (ORINTHI. 
 (VPSILIS, H.ERr.S PERIANDIM, STLLTUS. 
 I.VCOPIIKON FKATKR CNI'SII.I. 
 
 NEoriNos, im;i;h, SArKi.i,i:s lycopii. 
 
 I.YSl.MACHOS f 
 
 I Noiui.Es i:t a (ONsir.i.is Pi.HiANnKi 
 
 AKISTH.'EUS 3
 
 72 PERIANDF.ll. 
 
 I 
 
 PHILARCHES 
 
 ERITERUS >JUUENES NOBILES IN AULA PERIANDRT. 
 
 SYMPHILUS J 
 
 CRAT^A MATER PERIANDRI. 
 
 MELISSA UXOR PERIANDRI. 
 
 MELISSA UMBRA. 
 
 EUGENIA FILIA PERIANDRI. 
 
 PORNiEA 7 
 
 C DUiE MERITRICUL^ PERIANDRI. 
 ZONA 3 
 
 LARISS^A SOROR PHILARCHIS. 
 
 EUROPE ARISTHjEI FILIA. 
 
 FiEMIN^ QUATUOR CORINTHl.E CUM 4oii PUERIS INSER- 
 
 UIENTIBUS. 
 
 ARION CELEBRIS MUSICUS. 
 
 NAUT^ QUATUOR. 
 
 CIUES DUO TOGATI. 
 
 VIGILES DUO. 
 
 CALISTUS \ 
 
 STRATOCLES ^SATELLITES PERIANDRI. 
 
 BORIUS y 
 
 TRES AUT 4'* ALU SATELLITES. 
 
 EPILOGUS. 
 
 EPILOGUE. 
 
 Gentlemen, welcome ! our great promises 
 Wee would make vpp, your selucs must needs confesse, 
 But our small timbrcd actors, narrowe roome, 
 Necessity of thrifte make all short come 
 Of our first apprehensions ; wee must keepe 
 Our auntient custoines thoughe wee after cieepe. 
 But wee forgeit times limitts, Nowe tis Lente 
 Old store this weeke may lawfully be spente
 
 PERIANDBH. 78 
 
 Our former shewes were giu'n to our cal'd Lorde, 
 
 This, and att his request, for you was storde. 
 By many hands was Periander slaine, 
 Your gentler hands will giue him liue againe. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 A certain gentlewoman, vpon the hearing of these two last 
 verses, made two other verses, and in way of an aunswer sent 
 them to the Prince, who having first plaied Periander afterwards 
 himselfe also pronounced the Epilogue. 
 
 The verses were these 
 
 If that my hand or hart him life could give, 
 By hand and hart should Periander live. 
 
 But it is almost incredible to thincke how well this Tragedy 
 was ^formed of all pties, and how well liked of the whole, which 
 (as many of them as were within the hall) were very quiet and 
 attentive. But those that were without and could not get in made 
 such an hideous noice, and raised such a tumult w**^ breaking of 
 windows all about the colledge throwinge of stones into the hall and 
 such like ryott, that the officers of the coll : (beeing first dar'd to 
 appeare) were faine to rush forth in the beginning of the play, w'** 
 abovt a dozen whiflers well armed and swords drawne, whereat 
 the whole company (which were gathered together before the 
 chapell doore to try whether they could breake it open) seeing 
 them come behind them out of the lodging, presently gave backe, 
 and ranne away though itt was thought they were not so few as 
 4 or 500. 
 
 The officers gave some faire words and some fowle as they saw 
 occasion, the whiHers were very heedfull to marke who were the 
 ringleaders of the lest, and having some notice giuen of them by 
 some of o"" freindes, they tooke some of them and committed them 
 to the Porters lodge, where they lay close prisoners till the play 
 
 L
 
 74 PERIANDEH. 
 
 was done, and then they were brouglit forth and punished, and 
 so sente home. 
 
 After this all was quiet only some were so thrust in the hall, 
 that they were caried forth for dead but soone recouered, when 
 they came into the aire. 
 
 The Chorus of this Tragedy much pleased for the rarity of it. 
 Detraction beeing taken from among the company, where hee had 
 like to have bene beaten for his sawsines (as it was supposed) for 
 nobody at first toke him for an actor. The cheifest in the hall 
 commaunded that notice should be taken of him, that hee might 
 afterwards bee punished for his boldnes ; but as soone as it once 
 appeared that hee was an actor, their disdaine and anger turned 
 to much pleasure and content. 
 
 All were so pleased att the whole course of this play, that there 
 were at least eight generall plaudites given in the midst of it in 
 divers places and to divers psons. 
 
 In the end, they clapped their hands so long, y* they went 
 forth of the colledge clapping. 
 
 But in the midst of all this good liking wee were neere two 
 mischaunces, the one from Lycophron who lost a faire gold ring 
 from his finger, which notw*''standing all the hurleburly in the 
 end of the play, was soone found againe ; the other from Periander, 
 who, going to kill his daughter Eugenia, did not so couch his 
 dagger w'^in his hand, but that hee prickt her through all her 
 attire, but (as God would have it) it was onely a scratch and so 
 it passed. 
 
 THE CONCLUSION. 
 
 Many other thinges were in this yeare entended which neither 
 were nor could be ^formed. As the maske of Penelope's Wooer, 
 w**^ the State of Telemachus, w"' a Controversie of Jrus and his 
 ragged Company, whereof a great pte was made. The devise of 
 the Embassage from Lubber-land, whereof also a pte was made. 
 The Creation of White Knights of the order of Aristotle's Well,
 
 THE CONCLUSION. 75 
 
 which should bee sworne to defend Aristotle against all authors, 
 water against wine, footemen against horsemen, and many more 
 such like injunctions. A lottery for those of the colledge or straun- 
 gers as itt pleased them to draw, not for matters of wealth, but 
 only of mirth and witt. The triumph of all the ffounders of the col- 
 ledges in Oxford, a devise much thought on, but it required more 
 invention, more cost then the time would affoord. The holdins: 
 of a court leet and baron for y^ Prince wherein there should have 
 beene leasses drawne, copies taken, surrenders made, all which 
 were not so much neglected as prevented by the shortenes of 
 time and want of mony, better wits and richer daies may here- 
 after make vpp w''^ was then lefte vnpfect. 
 
 Here some letters might bee inserted, and other gratulatory 
 messages from divers freindes to the Prince, but it is high time to 
 make an end of this tsedious and fruitelesse relation, vnlesse the 
 knowledge of trouble and vanity bee fruitefull. 
 
 Wee intended in these exercises the practise and audacity of 
 our youth, the creditt and good name of our Colledge, tiie love 
 and favor of the vniuersity ; but instead of all these (so easie a 
 thing it is to be deceived in a good meaning) wee met with pee- 
 vishnesse at home, peruersnes abroad, contradictions every where; 
 some ncuer thought themselves entreated enough to their owne 
 good and creditt; others thought themselves able to doe nothing 
 if they could not thwarte and hinder some-thing; most stood by 
 and gave ainie, willing to see much and doe nothing, nay 
 pchaunce they were ready to procure most trouble, which would 
 bee sure to yeild least helpe. And yet wee may not so much 
 grudge at faults at home as wee may iustly coniplaine of hard 
 measure abroad ; for insteed of the love and favour of the vniuer- 
 sitie, wee found o"^ selves (wee will say justly) taxed for any the 
 least errour (though ingenious spirits would have pdoiied many 
 things, where all things were entended for tiieir owne pleasure) 
 but most vnjustlv censured, and envied for that w'^'' was done (wee 
 dare >ay) ni(lilVer(;ntly well : so that, in a word, wte paid deere 
 for trouble, and in a manner hired and sent for jueti to doe vs 
 wrong. 
 
 Let others herafter lake heed how they attempte the like, vn-
 
 76 
 
 THE CONCLUSION. 
 
 lesse they find better meanes at home, and better mindes abroad. 
 And yet wee cannot complaine of all, some ment well and said 
 well, and those tooke good will for good paiment, good ende- 
 vors for good pformaunce, and such (in this kind) shall deserve 
 a private favour, when other shal bee denied a common benefitt. 
 
 Seria vix reete agnoscit, qui ludicra nescit. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
 T. Benley and Son, 
 Bolt Court, Fleet Street, London.
 
 #lti Mtfi of ^tvtfovtis^ivt 
 
 MAYD MARIAN 
 
 AND 
 
 j^ereforb Cotone 
 
 MORRIS DAUNCE 
 
 OR 
 
 TWELVE MORRIS DANCERS IN HEREFORDSHIRE 
 OF TWELVE HUNDRED YEARS OLD. 
 
 Grata Senectus hoinini parilis Juventw. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 I'KINIKU lOK JOHN BUUGF., AND A K K TO UK SOLD AT HIS 
 SHOP, AT TllK GHliAT SOUTH l)r)(>I!i; OK I'M'KllS. 
 
 16'()9.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 The tract with which the curious reader is here pre- 
 sented, has a double claim to attention, as illustrating a 
 now almost obsolete feature of national manners ; and as 
 recording a most extraordinary occurrence. Its rarity- 
 is so great, that notwithstanding a mere notice of it in a 
 note by the Rev. T. Warton in the Variorum Edition of 
 Shakespeare, its very existence has been called in ques- 
 tion : it is however mentioned in Sir W. Temple's Essay 
 on Health and Long Life, and was communicated to him 
 by Lord Leicester. Howel in his Parley of Beasts, 1660, 
 has recorded the Event which forms the subject of this 
 curious Pamphlet, and it is quoted by Mr. Todd in his 
 Illustrations of Gower and Chaucer. Those who are de- 
 sirous of seeing the subject of the Morris Dance illustrated 
 in a masterly and interesting manner, will do well to 
 consult the very curious dissertation at the end of the 
 second Volume of Mr. Douce's Illustrations of Shake- 
 speare, and Mr. Toilet's account of his Window, printed 
 at the end of the 1 1th Volume of Reed's Edition. 
 
 The Editor offers it as a specimen of a series of tracts, 
 suthcient to form a handsome volume, iihistrativc of the 
 Manners, Customs, Poetry, History and Biography of
 
 IV 
 
 Great Britain, during the sixteenth and part of the 
 seventeenth centuries. 
 
 The Specimen will evince that the Pubhsher has 
 spared no expense in rendering the typographic execu- 
 tion such as must secure the approbation of the curious 
 in that particular, and the whole will be rendered at such 
 a moderate price, as the limited nature of the sale of such 
 a publication will admit. 
 
 A General Title will be printed, and delivered with 
 the last Tract in the Volume.
 
 TO THAT RENOWNED OX-LEACH, 
 
 III f^all, 
 
 TABORER OF HEREFORDSHIRE, 
 AND TO HIS MOST INVINCIBLE WEATHER DEATEN 
 
 jl5utbrotoite Caber, 
 
 BEING ALREADIE OLD AND SOUND, THREESCORE YEARES 
 AND UPWARD. 
 
 ^^ ^sK^<r^^ ^Q t^^ce (old Hall,) that for thy Age and Art 
 mightest haue cured an Oxe that was eaten 
 at Saint Quintins, that for thy warlike Musicke 
 mighlest haue strucke up at Bullen, when great 
 Drummes wore broken heades, thy little con- 
 tinuall Taber, had beene enough to haue put 
 spirit into all the Souldiers : Now Tweire-pipe 
 that famous Southrcn Taberer with the Cowleyan windpipe, who for 
 whuling hath bcene famous through the Globe of the world, did 
 neuer gaine such renowne and credite by his Pipe and Taber, as 
 thou (old Hall) by striking up to these twelue hundred yeares 
 Moris-dauncers : Nor art thou alone (sweet Hall) a most exquisite 
 Taber-man, but an excellent Oxe-leach, and canst pleasure thy 
 neighbours. The people of Hereford-shire are beholding to thee, 
 thou giuest the men light hearts by thy Pype, and the women light 
 hecles by thy Taber : O wonderful Pyper, O admirable Taber-man, 
 make use of thy worth, euen after death, that art so famously 
 worthy in thy life, both for thy age, skill, and thy vnbruizcd Taber, 
 who these threescore yeares has kept her maydenhead sound and 
 vncrackt, and neither lost her first voyce, or her fashion : once for 
 the Countrycs pleasure imitate that Bohemian Zisca, who at his 
 death gauc his Souldiers a strict command, to flea his skin of}', and 
 couer a Drum with it, that alive and dead, he might sound like a 
 terror in the eares of his enemies : so thou sweete Hereford Hally 
 bequeatlj in (liy last will, thy Velom-spoltcd skin, to 
 couer Tabors : at the sound of which, to set 
 all the shires a dauncing.
 
 ^15 iHeg of Dereforlis|)ire ftr a i^apti^iWariatt, 
 
 AND 
 
 l&erefiOittr=Cotone fbr a iHorrfe Daunce* 
 
 ^ ^j^l^^^f^^^ l^HE courts of kings for stately measures: the 
 Citie for light hceles, and nimble footing : the 
 country for shufling dances : Westerne-men 
 for gambouls: Middlesex-men for tricks aboue 
 ground : Essex-men for the Hey : Lancashire 
 for Horne-pypes : Worcestershire for Bag- 
 pypes : but He re ford -shire for a morris- 
 daunce, puts downe, not onely all Kent^ but verie neare (if one had 
 line enough to measure it) three quarters of Christendome. Neuer 
 had Saint Sepulchres a truer ring of Bels : neuer did any Silke- 
 "weauer keepe braucr time with the knocke of the heeie : neuer had 
 the dauncing horse a better tread of the toe : neuer could Beuerley 
 Faire giue money to a more sound Taborer, nor euer had Robin 
 Hood a more deft Ma7/d- Marian. 
 
 If your eares itch after this old (but yet no s(ale) wonder, let 
 them itch no more, (for why should any mans ears itch longer then 
 is reason) you shall liauc them tickled presently with the neb of my 
 pen. Understand therefore (if at least you liauc so much spare wit 
 left yon, as to understand,) that intlu; merriest Moneth of the yeare, 
 which last did take his leauo of vs, aiil in that Moneth, as some 
 
 u
 
 A MORRIS DAUNCE. 
 
 report, Lords went a Maying, the worabe of the spring being great 
 with child of pleasure, brought forth (iust about that time) a num- 
 ber of Knights, Esquiers, and Gallants (of the best sort) from many 
 partes of the land, to raeete at a Horse-race neere Hereford^ in Here- 
 ford-shire. The horses hauing (for that yeare) run themselves 
 well-nigh out of breath, wagers of great summes (according to the 
 fashion of such pastimes) being wonne and lost, and the sports 
 growing to the end, and shutting vp, some wit (riper then the rest) 
 fed the stomacks of all men (then and there present) with desire and 
 expectation of a more fresh and liuely meeting in the same place, 
 to be performed this yeare of 1609. Pleasure and paine had left 
 such deepe print in euery bosome, that the match was no sooner 
 begotten, but it was borne, time only being appointed (at the due 
 expected houre) io bring it forth. The ceremonies which their 
 meeting was to stand vpon, were these, that euery man shoulde 
 engage himselfe (in his credite) vnder his hand, to bring (this pre- 
 sent yeere) to the place appointed, running horses for. the race, 
 Cockes of the game, to maintaine battails, &c. with good store of 
 money, to flie vp and downe betweene those that were to lay wagers. 
 He that first gaue fire to this sotiable motion, was charged to stand 
 to his tackling, and to come well prouided, who thervpon (whitest 
 the mettle of his braines were hot and boyling) vndertooke to bring 
 a Hobbie-horse to Ihe race, that should out-runne all the Nags which 
 were to come thither, and to hold out in a longer race, then any 
 would be there. 
 
 The circle of time running round, and closing at his fulnesse, 
 expectation did within fewe dayes make Hereford tovvne shew like 
 the best peopled Cittie. Innes were lodgings for Lords : Baucis 
 and Philcemom house (had it stood there) would haue beene taken 
 vp for a Knight. The streetes swarmed with people, the people 
 staring and ioyfully welcomming whole brauies of Gallants, who 
 came brauely flockit)g on horsback, like so many lustieaduenturers. 
 Bath made her waters to boilc vp, and swell like a spring-tide, with 
 the ouerflowing of her owne teares, which fell from her eies through 
 gricfe, to see her dearest guests leaue her for the loue of a horse- 
 race at Hereford. And so much the grcciter were her sorrowcs, by 
 how much the more worthie the friendes were whom she lost : for
 
 A MORRIS DAUNCE. 
 
 the number of tbem being at least two or three hundred. Amongst 
 many of the better rankes, these marched with the foremost. 
 
 Lord Herbert of Ragland Sir Ed. Lewes 
 
 Sir Thomas Somerset Sir Francis Lacon 
 
 Charles Somerset Sir lames Scudaniore 
 
 Count Arundels 2 sonnes Sir Thomas Cornwall 
 
 Sir Edward Swift Sir Ro. Boderham 
 
 Sir Thomas M ildemay Sir Thomas Russell 
 
 Sir Robert Yaxley Sir Bascaruile 
 
 Sir Ro. Carey Sir Thomas Conisby 
 
 Sir lohn Philpot Sir George Chute 
 
 These were but a small handful! to those rich heapes that there 
 were gathered together. But by these (that had the honour to be 
 the leaders) you may gesse what numbers were the followers. 
 
 The day being come, in which the rurming horses were to proue 
 themselves arrant Jades, or to shewe the noblenesse of their breeding : 
 As much looking there was, as much talking, and as much prepara- 
 tion, for the Hobbi-hprse promised the last yeare, as about dieting 
 the fairest Gelding this yeare, vpon whose head the heauiest wagers 
 were layd. 
 
 The exercises of this Olympian race, required strength, speede, 
 lustinesse of courage, and youthful blood, none but able and actiue 
 bodies conld climb oner such labors. But to performe a race of 
 greater length, of greater labor, and yet in shorter time, and by 
 feeble vnexercised, and vnapt creatures, that would be an honour 
 to him that vndertooke it, that would be to Heretbrd-shire a glorie, 
 albeit it might seeme an impossibilitie. 
 
 What man would not wonder to see fire struck out of yce? to 
 see dead Ashes kindled againe, and toyeelde fire ? to see Saples trees 
 in the depth of Winter laden with mellow Apples, and to see those 
 Apples when they are pluckt and cut, to grow againe. This wonder 
 was as great, the accomplishment of it as strange. 
 
 Age is no Ixxlie (in trials of the bodic) when youth is in place, 
 it glues the other the bucklers: it stands and giues ainie, and is 
 content to see youth Act, while Age sits but as a spectator, because 
 the one does but studie and play ouer the parts, which the other
 
 4- A MORRIS DAUNCE. 
 
 hath discharged in this great and troublesome Theater. It was 
 therefore now plotted to lay the Sceane in Age, to haue the old 
 Comedie presented, Fathers to be the Actors, and beardlesse boyes 
 the Spectators. Sophocles (because he was accused of imljecilitie 
 and dotage, should rehearse his Oedipus Coloneus, while the Senate 
 and his owne wild-brain sonncs stoode by, and were the audience: 
 and to set out this Sceane with mirth, as well as with wonder, the 
 state of the whole Act, was put into a Morris-daunce. To furnish 
 which fully and rarely, a Bill of names able to impannell three or 
 four Juries was giuen and read, but onely 18 were sworne, and had 
 the charge deliuered to them ; Those vpon whose heades the Vous 
 auez was set, being these, that in the next ranke double their Fyles, 
 viz. 
 
 The Morris, and all the officers attending vpon it. 
 
 THE running horses being too light of foote for vs to follow, be 
 content I pray to stay with vs, and to march along with our 
 Infanterie of Hereford, which thus brauely cajne on. 
 Squire of Two Musitions were appoynted (like the drum-major, and drum- 
 
 a Munition minor, to strike vp, and to giue the alarum: the one of them was a 
 108. Squire borne, and all his sons Squires in their cradles. The Instru- 
 
 ment he tickled was a trebble Violin, vpon which he played any old 
 lesson that could be called for : the diuision hee made on the 
 strings, being more pleasing then the Diapason. In skill he out- 
 shines blind Moone of London, and hath out-played more fidlers 
 then now sneake vp and downe into all the T auerns there. They 
 may all call him their father, or (if you reckon the yeares rightly 
 which are scored vpon his head) the Musitions Grandsire, for this 
 tuneable Squire is one hundred and eight yeares old. 
 Harrie Budge Next to Arion (and cheeke by ioule with him in estimation) 
 went old Orpheus, (as a man might being deceiued, haue taken 
 him) but that hee wanted Orpheus Lute. This was old Hall of 
 Hereford, the Wayts of three Metropolitans Cities, make not more 
 Musicke then he can with his Pipe and Tabor, if at least his head be 
 hard-brac'd with nappie Ale. This noble old Hall, seeing that 
 Apollo was both a Fidler, and a Quack-saluer, being able to cure 
 
 the Tahorer.
 
 A MORRIS DAUNCE. 5 
 
 diseases, as well as to harpe vpon one string, would needes be frefc 
 of two companies as well, (that is to say) the sweete companie of 
 Musitions, and that other which deales in salues and plaisters ; for 
 he both beates a Tabor with good iudgement, and (with better) can 
 hel|)e anOxe if he finde himselfe ill at ease. 
 
 The Wood of this olde HalPs Talwr should haue beene made a 
 Paile to carrie water in, at the beginning of King Edward the sixts 
 raigne : but Halt (being wise, because hee was euen then reasonably 
 well strucken in yeares, saued it from going to the water, and con- 
 uerted it in those dayes io a Tabor. So that his Tabor hath made 
 Batchelers and Lasses daunce round about the Maypoll, three-score 
 Somraers one af\er another in order, and is yet not worme-eaten. 
 And noble Hall himselfe, hath stoode (like an Oake) in all stormes, Hall, 
 by the space of foure-score and seuenteene Winters, and is not yet ^^7 yeares. 
 falling to the ground. 
 
 The Marshales of the field, were foure: these had no great 4 Wluflert. 
 stomacke to daunce in the Morris, but tooke vpon them the office of 
 Whiflcrs. 
 
 1. The first of these was Thomas Price of Clodacke, a Subsidie Tho. Price 
 man; and one, vpon whose cbeekes aee had written, one hundred "f ^l""^''^> 
 
 ' * ' 105 yeares. 
 
 and fiue yeares. 
 
 2. The second, was Thomas Andres of Begger Weston^ a Sub- Tho. Andros 
 sidie man ; for he carried vpon his backe, the weightie burden of ;/-^^/y^f^[,j8 
 one hundred and eight yeares, and went away with them lightly. 
 
 3. The third, was William Edwards of Bodenham, (his name jr Edwards 
 is in the Kirigs bookes likewise) and vnto him hath time also giuen of Bodcnham, 
 the vse of one hundred and eight yeares : and besides the blessings 
 
 of so many yeares, the comfort of a yong wife, and by that wife, is 
 his age honored with a child, of sixe yeares olde. 
 
 4. The fourth, was John Sanders of JValford, an Ironworker ; John Sanders, 
 the hardnes of which labour could not so wearie and wast his b()di(;, i<>2.7("/4\) o/ti. 
 but that his courage hath ouercome it, and carried him salely oner 
 
 the hie hill of old age, where she hath bestowed vpon him one hun- 
 dred and two yeares. 
 
 These (oure VV^hiflers reckoning with their lines, and casting vp 
 what all tlicir daies which they had spent in the world could make, 
 found that they amounted (o foure hundred and three and twentie 4'J3 ijrarei.
 
 A MORRIS DAUXCE< 
 
 James Tom 
 kins, \06 
 yeeres old. 
 
 yeares ; so that if the rest of their dauncing brother-hood, had come 
 short of their account, and could not (euery man) make vp one 
 hundred yeares, these offered and weare able to lend them three and 
 twentie yeares, but the others had enough of their owne, and needed 
 not to borrow of any man. 
 
 Doe you not long to see how the Morris-dancers bestir their 
 legs (lift vp your eyes, leape vp behind their heads that stand before 
 you, or else get vpon stalls,) for I heare their bells, and behold, 
 here they come. 
 
 Of twelve in the whole Teeme, the foreman was James Tomhins 
 of Lengerren, a gentleman by birth ; neither loued of fortune, nor 
 hated of her, for he was neuer so poore as to be pittied, nor euer so 
 rich as to be enuied: when he had bin a dweller in the world 
 fourcscore and eighteene yeares, he married a wife, of two and fiftie 
 yeares old; shee brought him a child thats now eight yeares old 
 (liuing,) the Father himselfe hauing now the glasse of his life running 
 to fill vp, the full number of one hundred and six yeares. 
 
 After him comes lustily dauncing, John Willis of Dormington^ 
 a bone-setter : he had gotten such skill by placing other mens bones 
 in order, when they were strucke out of ioynt, that he would neuer 
 suffer his owne to be displaced, and by that meanes was so lustie at 
 legges now, that albeit he carried about him the full weight of one 
 hundred yeares, yet he was not scene to lye behind his fellowes, but 
 went foote by foote with the foremost. His dauncing was fit to his 
 yeares, and his purpose in being one of the Morris, was both honest 
 and charitable, for he bestowed his person vpon them, with intent 
 to be readie at hand if any dislocation should be wrought vpon any 
 ioynt in his old companions by fetching loftie trickes, which by all 
 meanes possible they were sworne to auoide. 
 
 Roome for little Dick Phillips of Middleton ; how nimbly he 
 H>9 '^^^^'""' ^^i^l^es his hceles, wel dancd old heart of oake, and yet as little as 
 he seemes, his courage is as big as the Hobbie-horses, for the fruits 
 of his youth, (gathered long agon,) are not yet withered. His eldest 
 Sonne is at this present, foure score yeares of age, and his second 
 Sonne, may now reckon three score: at our Lady-day last, he made 
 vp the yeares of his life, iust one hundred and two. 
 
 John Willis 
 97 yeeres old. 
 
 Dick Phillips 
 
 102,
 
 A MORRIS DAUN'CE. 7 
 
 Now falls into his right place William Waiton of Marden^ with Wl. Walton o/ 
 a hundred and two yeares at his heeles, and that you may know he '''"^* 102. 
 neuer swore in his life, he was an old fisher, and of a cieane man 
 an excellent Fowler, the first yeare of King Ilenrie the eight. 
 
 Here slips in William Mosse, who contrarie to his name, had Wil. Mosse, 
 no Mosse at his heeles; little can he say of himselfe, and 1 as little 
 of him, but that he beares the age of a hundred and sixe. 
 
 Now cast your eyes vpon Thomas Winner/ of Holmer^ an Tho.Winneyof 
 honest Subsidie man, dwelling close by the towne, he dances with a " ^^' 
 hundred yeares about him, wheresoeuer he goes, if the Church yard 
 and crampe take him not before Midsommer. 
 
 But how like you John Lace of Madley^ a Taylor, and an ex- John Lace of 
 cellent name for it. In his youth he was a hosier, and a special ^'"'''y 97 
 
 ' _ ' _ yeares old. 
 
 good codpiece maker, being borne before the discension betwecne 
 cloath breeches and veluet breeches, he carries foure score and seuen- 
 teene sommers about him, and faine would borrow three yeares of 
 lames Tomkins to make him a hundred ; and lames may very well 
 spare them, and yet leaue three toward the interest. 
 
 But what say you to John Careless ? you let him passe by John Carelesse 
 you, and seeme as carelesse as he, a man of fourescore and sixteene ^ yeares. 
 at Midsommer next, he hath beene a dweller in Homlaciey three- 
 score yeares and two, and knowne to be a tall man, till now he 
 begins to be crooked, but for a bodie and a beard, he becomes any 
 Morris in Christendome. 
 
 At the heeles of him follows his fellow William Maio of Egelion, WU. Maio, 
 an old Souldicr, and now a lustie laborer and a tall man, fortie ^^' 
 yeares since being grieuou^ly wounded, he carried his liuer and 
 his lights home halfe a mile, and you may still put your finger into 
 them, but for a thin skin ouer them; and for all these stormes he 
 arriues at fourescore and seuenteene, and daunces merrily. 
 
 But looke you who here comes: John Hunt the Hobby-horse, John Hunt, g7. 
 wanting but three of an hundred, twere time for him to forget him- 
 selfe, and sing but O, nothing but O, the liobbic-horse is forgotten; 
 the Maid, -marrian following him, ofi'ers to lend him sciien yeares 
 more, but if he would take vp ten iu the hundred, his company are 
 able to lend them.
 
 S A MORRIS DAUNGE. 
 
 Meg Goodwin But now giue way for the Maide-raarrian, old Meg Goodwin^ 
 qf ErcUstand, the famous wench of Erdistand. of whom Maister Weauer of Burton^ 
 
 ISO 
 
 that was fourescore and ten yeares old, was wont to say, she was 
 twentie yeares elder then he, and he dyed ten yeares since. Thb 
 old Meg was at Ynnce Arthur^ s death, at Ludlow^ and had her part 
 in the dole ; she was threescore yeares (she saith) a Maide, and 
 twentie yeares otherwise, thats what you will, and since hath beene 
 thought fit to be a Maide-marrian. 
 John Mando, Welcome John Mando, he was borne at Cradly, a very good 
 
 ^ two hand sword man, of the age of an hundred, at blacke Monday 
 
 last, and serues in place of Morgan Deede, who climes to that age 
 within foure yeares, here present dwelling in the towne, but he has a 
 great desire to keepe his bed, and be spared. 
 1837 yeares So here are eighteene persons, that carrie in all places about 
 
 them eighteen hundred, and thirtie seuen yeares. 
 
 Belike it was a grand-iurie to make vp this Morris-daunce, for 
 more were called, as two men out of Estnor, of two hundred nine 
 yeares of age ; foure out of Marcle, of foure hundred fine yeares. 
 
 And for a good wager, it were easie to finde in that countie foure 
 hundred persons more, within three years ouer or vnder an h un- 
 der yeares ; yet the shire is no way foure and twentie miles ouer. 
 
 But will you know what fashion was obserued amongst the Mu- 
 sitians, and w^iat habit the dauncers tooke vpon them, here take a 
 view of both. The Musitians and the twelue dauncers, had long 
 coates of the old fashion, hie sleeues gathered at the elbowes, and 
 hanging sleeues behind: the stuffe, red Buffin, stript with white. 
 Girdles with white, stockings white, and redde Roses to their shooes : 
 theonesixe, awhite Jewes cap with a Jewell, and a long red Feather: 
 the other, a scarlet Jewes cap, with a Jewell and a white Feather : So 
 the Hobbi-horse, and so the Maide-Marrion was attired in colours : 
 the Wiflers had long staues, white and red. And after the daunce 
 was ended, diuerse Courtiers that won wagers at the race, tooke 
 those colours, and wore them in their hats.
 
 A MORRIS DAUNCE. 
 
 The Speech spoken before (he Morris. 
 
 Ye seruants of our mightie king, 
 That came from court one hundred mile 
 To see our race, and sport this spring : 
 Ye are welcome, that is our Country stile, 
 And much good doe you, we are sorie ; 
 That Hereford hath no better for yee. 
 
 A Horse, a Cocke, Trainsents, a Bull, 
 Primero, Gleeke, Hazard, Mumchance : 
 These sports through time arc growne so dull. 
 As good to see a Morris dance. 
 Which sport was promised in iest. 
 But payd as truly as the rest. 
 A race (quoth you) behold a race. 
 No race of horses but of men. 
 Men borne not ten miles from this place, 
 Whose courses outrun hundreds ten. 
 A thousand yeares on ten mens backs. 
 And one supplies what other lacks. 
 
 THE LENUOY. 
 
 This is the Lenuoy (you may gather 
 Gentlemen, Yeomen, Groomes, and Pages, 
 Lets pray. Prince Henrie, and his father, 
 May outlive all these (en mens ages. 
 And he that mocks this application, 
 Is but a knaue past reformation. 
 
 This speech spoken, old Uali s(ruckc vp, and the Morris- 
 dauncers fell to footing, whilcst the Whiflcrs in their ollicc, made 
 roomc for the Hobby-horse. 
 
 c
 
 10 A MORRIS DAUNCE. 
 
 And howe doe you like this Morris-daunce of Hereford-shire? 
 Are they not braue olde youths? Haue they not the right footing? 
 the true tread ? comely lifeting vp of one legge, and actiue bestow- 
 ing of the other? Kemps Morris to Norwich, was no more to this, 
 then a Gaillard on a common stage, at the end of an old dead 
 Comedie, is to a Caranto daunced on the Ropes. 
 
 Nestor makes a bragging in Homer, (a kind of blind Poet, that 
 could not see when he did well) of his owne praises, and especially 
 keepes a prating of his Age. But I would faine read if euer a 
 Homer of them all, if Nestor at that age (whatsoeuer it was) was 
 able to haue made one in such a Morris-daunce. 
 
 Nay, how many Tailors that skipping from their Shoppe-boords 
 on Saterday nights, lay waite onelie for weddings on the Sunday 
 following, wasting their Capers many times on filthie rotten Mutton, 
 and dauncing out their working day-gettings on Holi-day spend- 
 ings, how many of these, I say, would be able to set vp a Morris at 
 those yeares, which Hereford here doth reckon ? The great Grand- 
 fathers, Fathers, of three-score such nimble footed Linnen-Armourers 
 will neuer be able to put into the Needle of life, a Threed so long, so 
 strong, and so round : no, they eate away their dayes too fast, and 
 drinke vp their nights in surfeits : hee that can draw out the wire of 
 his age (in these licentious cockny-endes of the worlde,) to fortie 
 yeares, is an olde man, and glues vp his cloake for riding on a 
 Hobby-horse, or for playing any youthful! tricks besides. 
 
 A Taylor at fortie yeares, is glad to trust to his yard, and 
 walkes leaning vpon that. A Fencer at thirtie (by reason of his 
 knocking) takes any foyle, to be a staffc to his age. A waterman 
 at fiftie yeares, falles from water to drinking of Ale, onely to keepe 
 life and soule together. A Vintner at threescore, has legges no 
 bigger then a Crane, tiiey are so wasted with running. But here 
 is a doozen of yonkers, that have hearts of Oakeat fourescore yeares : 
 backes of stcele at fourescore and ten, ribbes of yron at a hundred, 
 bodies sound as Belles, and healthfull (according to the Russian 
 proverb) as an Oxe when they are trauelling downe the hill, to make 
 that one hundred and twentic. 
 
 These, shewed in their dauncing, and moouing vp and downe, as 
 \i Maxclbome hilles, in the verie depth of Winter, when all their
 
 A MOURIS DAUVCE. 11 
 
 heades are couered (in steade of white woollie cappes) with snow, 
 had shooke and daunced at some earth-quake. 
 
 Shall any man, lay blame on these good old Fathers, because at 
 such yeares they had not spent all their wild-oates ? No, we com- 
 mend (as Tulli/ saith) a young man, that smells somewhat of the old 
 signior, and can but counterfeit grauitie in his cheekes ; and shall 
 we not heaue up with praises an old man, that at one hundred and 
 eight yeares end, can rake his dead embers abroad, and shew some 
 coales of the lustie luuentus glowing in him euen then ? Suche an 
 olde Mad cappe deserues better to bee the stuffing of a Cronicle, 
 then Charing Crosse does for loosing his rotten head, which (through 
 age being wind-shaken) fell off, and was trod vpon in contempt. 
 Were old Stowe aliue, here were Tabring work enough for his pen : 
 but howsoeuer, so memorable a monument of man, shall not wither 
 in obliuion, if the sweete Aprill shewers which drop from the Muses 
 water, can make it grow vp and flourish. 
 
 A dishonour were it to Poets and all Pen-men, if acts of this 
 worth should not Encomiastically be celebrated and recorded. For 
 heereby the Vertuous are heartned: if you will not believe me, 1 will 
 prooue it by strong reasons. Whoremongers, drunkards, and such 
 like fellowes, (who are euery hower wrastling with Vices and Vil- 
 laines, which are harder to be tripped downe then the Guard) that 
 in their youthfull dayes spend more at a Tauerne reckoning, or in 
 a Vaulting-schoole, in one houre, then their Great Grandfathers 
 did (among all their neighbours^ in a whole (yhristmas. These 
 (I say) drew out a short, a blackc, a rotten, and gowtie threed of 
 old age. But it is therefore an argument, that these white-bearded 
 youths of Hereford-shire were neuer given to uine or to wenches, 
 both which are sharper then the destinies Sheeres, to cut in sunder 
 the very bottome of the soundest life. 
 
 Old age is to all men for the most part a disease; It is to some 
 the cough ; they do nothing but spit; to some, the Palsey : If these 
 were rotten, they would shake themselucs to peeccs: to others, it is 
 the Gowte, they haue not a good legge to tlirow at a Dogge, and 
 were ill to he cowardly souldiers, because they could not rtinne, vnles 
 the running Gowte set them forward : Hut old age in llcrcford- 
 shire, neither spits nor spawlcs, feeles no aches, iioroes in his bones.
 
 ]2 .A MORRIS DAUNCE. 
 
 Oh ! if all the people in the kingdome, should haue their dayes 
 stretched out to the length of three mens, Clearks and Sextons 
 might go hang themselves in the belropes : they would haue colde 
 doings: prodigal heires might beg, they should hardly find an 
 Almanacke that would tell them when their lands should come to 
 their hands by the death of their Fathers, for they themselues would 
 haue white Beardes, before they could arriue at their full age. It 
 were no hoping after dead mens shooes^ for both vpper-leather and 
 soles would bee worne out to nothing. 
 
 As great pittie it were (O old Margaret^ or rather new Mayd' 
 Marion) that all mens wiues (especially those that like Dutch- 
 watches have larums in their mouths) should last so long as thou 
 hast done : howe would the world be plagued ? Loue would die : 
 the generation of mankinde, would in a short time be dried rp, and 
 shrunke away to nothing. 
 
 But a far more lamentable cause of sorow would it be, if Mayden- 
 heades should stand so long vpon Wenches shoulders^ as yours 
 (Mother Marget) hath done vpon your owne, because if they did 
 so, they would bee seeded (like olde tough Turne-vps) and so not 
 bee worth the cuttinff. 
 
 Alas! what doe I see? Hold Taborer, stand Hobby-horse, 
 
 Morris-dancers, lend vs your hands, behold one of the nimble-legd 
 
 old gallants, is by chance falne downe, and is either so heauy, so 
 
 weary, so vnactive of himselfe, or else fiue of his fellowes are of such 
 
 little strength, that all their Armes are put under him (as Leauers) 
 
 to lift him vp, yet the good olde boyes cannot set him on his 
 
 feete. Let him not lie for shame, you that have (all this 
 
 while) seene him daunce, and though hee bee a 
 
 little out of his part, in the verie last Act 
 
 of all, yet hisse at nothing, but rather 
 
 (because it is beg'd for God's 
 
 sake.) 
 
 Summi louis causa plaudite. 
 FINIS.
 
 THE COLD YEARE, 
 
 1614. 
 
 9[ Beepe Bnotn i 
 
 IN WHICH 
 
 MEN AND CATTELL HAUE PERISHED, 
 
 TO THE 
 
 GENERALL LOSSE OF FARMERS, GRASIERS, HUSBANDMEN, 
 
 AND ALL SORTS OF PEOPLE IN THE COUNTRlEi AND 
 
 NO LESSE HURTFULL TO CITIZENS. 
 
 WRITTEN DIALOGUE-WISE, IN A PLAINE FAMILIAR TALKE 
 BETWEENE A LONDON SHOPKEEPER, AND A NORTH- 
 COUNTRY-MAN. 
 
 In which, the Reader shall Jind many (hinges for his profit. 
 
 IMPRINTED AT LONDON FOR THOMAS LANGLEY IN lUIE 
 
 LANE, WHERE THKY ARE TO UK SOLD. 
 
 J 6 15.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT, 
 
 Although it was not the intention of the Editor 
 of this miscellany, to have admitted any thing pos- 
 sessed, of a mere temporary or local interest in the 
 collection, yet the following Tract having met his 
 eye at a moment when the record of such a con- 
 tinued severity of weather became particularly in- 
 teresting, he was induced to give it a perusal; and 
 as it afforded him much amusement, he presumed, 
 (perhaps too hastily) that it might at this most ex- 
 traordinary season be not unacceptable to the reader, 
 its brevity and its rarity were also taken into the 
 account, and decided its reimpression. 
 
 Stowe refers to the severity of the winter of 
 1613-14, in his Annals, thus " The 17th of January 
 1614, began a great Frost, with extreame Snow, 
 which continued untill the 14th of February, and 
 albeit the violence of the Frost and Snow some 
 dayes abated, yet it continued freezing and snowing 
 much or little untill the 7th of March/' 
 
 Stowe's Annals, continued by Howes Edit. 1631, p. 1023.
 
 Of this Tract, there appears to have been two 
 editions in the same year, both printed for Thomas 
 Langley. In the valuable library of George Hib- 
 bert, Esq. is a copy of the first, with which the 
 present has been collated. 
 
 The Editor has much pleasure in announcing 
 that the reception which the first number of the 
 Miscellanea Antiqua Anglicana has experienced, and 
 the approbation of his plan by a numerous list of 
 the lovers of our early literature, encourage him to 
 proceed; the utmost exertion will be made to ren* 
 der the succeeding numbers of equal interest.
 
 THE GREAT SNOW. 
 
 A DIALOGUE. 
 
 Nor. 
 
 Cit. 
 
 Nor. 
 
 Cit. 
 he is in 
 newes. 
 
 Nor. 
 thankes 
 yeare. 
 
 Cit. 
 weather 
 
 THE SPEAKERS: 
 A CITIZEN. A NORTH-COUNTRY-MAN. 
 
 North- Country/- Man. 
 
 OD saue you Sir : here's a Letter directs me 
 to such a signe as that hanging ouer your 
 cloore ; (and if I be not deceaued) this is 
 the Shoppe: Is not your name Maister N.B? 
 
 Cittizen . 
 N. B. is my name (Father :) What is your 
 businesse: 
 I have Letters to you out of the North. 
 From whonj, I pray? 
 From one Maistcr G. M. of Y. 
 
 I know him ver}' well ; and if I may heare by you that 
 health, I shall thinke you a bringer of good and happie 
 
 Good and happy newes doc I bring you then ; (for 
 be to God) health and bee haue not parted this many a 
 
 Trust me, your tidings warmes my hetirt, as cold as the 
 is.
 
 OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 Money is more 
 comfortable to 
 a Cittizen, 
 than burnt 
 Wine. 
 
 No such mat- 
 ter. 
 
 Oh braue 
 doings. 
 
 I leleeue it. 
 
 Nor. A Cup of muld Sacke (I thinke) would doe you more 
 good. But to put a better heate into you, I haue from your 
 Friende and mine, brought you two Bagges full of comfort, each 
 of them weighing a hundred pound of currant English money. 
 
 Citt. Birlady Sir, the Sacke you spake of, would not goe 
 downe halfe so merrily, as this newes : For Money was neuer so 
 welcome to Londoners (especially tradesmen) as it is now. 
 
 Nor. Why : Is it as scanty heere, as with vs : I thought if 
 the Siluer age had been any where, your Cittie had challenged 
 it. Mee thinkes our Northerne Climate, should onely be without 
 Siluer Mynes, because the Sunne (the soueraigne breeder of rich 
 Mettals) is not so prodigall of his beames to vs. Why, I haue 
 been told, that all the Angels of the Kingdome fly vp and downe 
 London : Nay 1 haue heard, that one of our ruffling Gallants in 
 these dayes, weares more Riches on his Backe, in Hatte, Garters, 
 and Shooe-stringes, then would maintaine a good pretty Farme 
 in our Country, and keepe a Plough-land for a whole yeare. 
 
 Cit. Wee care not how braue our Gallants goe, so their 
 names stand not in our Bookes : For when a Cittizen crosses a 
 Gentleman, hee holdes it one of thechiefest Cheapeside-blessings. 
 
 Nor. I vnderstand you Sir : You care not what Cullours they 
 weare, so you keepe them not in Blacke and White. 
 
 Citt. You measure vs rightly : for the keeping of some so, 
 (that carry their heads full high) makes many a good Shop-keeper 
 oftentimes to hide his Head. So that albeit you that dwell farre 
 off", and know not what London meanes, thinke (as you say) that 
 all the Angels of the Kingdome, fly vp and downe heere. We, 
 whose Wares lie dead upon our hands for want of quicke Cus- 
 tomers, see no such matter : but if any Angels doe fly, they haue 
 either their winges broken and fly not farre ; or else are caught 
 like Partridges, a few in a Couie. Albeit Sir, I haue all this 
 while helde talke with you, yet mine eye hath runne ouer these 
 Letters, and acknowledge my selfe your debtor, in respect an Age 
 so reuerend (as your head warrants you are) hath been the Mes- 
 senger. But I hope Sir, some greater especiall businesse of your 
 owne besides, drew you to so troublesome a Jorney. 
 
 Nor. Troth Sir, noextraordinarie businesse : The Countrimans
 
 IN THIS GREAT SNOW. 5 
 
 hands are now held as well in his Pocket, as the Shopkeepers. 
 That drew mee to London, which drawes you Cittizens out of 
 your Houses; or to speake more truely, driues you rather into 
 your Houses. 
 
 Cit. How meane you Sir, the Weather : 
 
 Nor. The very same. I haue been an old Brier, and stood 
 many a Northerly Storme : the Windes haue often blowne bitterly An old man. 
 in my Face, Frostes haue nipped my Blood, Ysickles (you see) 
 hang at my Beard, and a hill of Snow couers my Head. I am 
 the Sonne of Winter, and so like the Father, that as hee does, I 
 loue to be seene in all places. I had as leife walke vp to the 
 knees in Snow, as to tread vpon Turkic Carpets : And therefore 
 my Jorney to see London once more ere I die, is as merry to mee, 
 as if I were a Woman and went a Gossipping; For the Earth Enr/h lyes in, 
 shewes now, as if shee lay inne, (All in White.) 
 
 Cit. Belike then you haue heard she hath been deliuered of 
 some strange prodigious Birthes, that you come thus farre, to see 
 her Child-bed ? 
 
 Nor. I haue from my Childhood spent my best daies in trauell, 
 and haue seene the wonders of other Countries, but am most in 
 loue with this of mine owne. 
 
 Cit. Where, if any be borne neuer so well proportiond, within 
 a day or two it growes to be a Monster. 
 
 Nor. You say true, and iumpe with me in that: For I haue 
 but two Eares ; yet these two Eares bring me home a thousand 
 tales in lesse than seuen daies : Some I hearken to, some I shake 
 my head at, some I smile at, some 1 thinke true, some 1 know 
 false. But because this world is like our Millers in the Countrey, 
 knauish and hard to be trusted ; though mine eares be mine owne, 
 and good, yet I had rather giue credit to mine Eyes, although 
 they sec but badly, yet I know they will not couzen me: these 
 foure score yeares they haue not; and that is the reason I haue 
 them my Guides now in this Journey, and shall be my witnesses 
 (when I get home againc, and sittc (as I hope 1 siiall, turning a 
 Crabbe by the fire) of what wonders I haue scene. 
 
 Cit. In good sadnes Father, I am proud that such a heape of 
 yeers (lying on your back) you siuopc no lower for them: I
 
 O OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 come short of you by almost forty at the least, and mee thinks I 
 am both more vnlusty, and (but for head and beard) looke as 
 aged. 
 
 Nor. Oh Sir ! riotts, riotts, surfets oueruights, and early pott- 
 ing it nextmorningj sticke white haires vpon Young-menschinnes, 
 Surfets kill when sparing dyets holds colour : Your cram'd Capons feed you 
 
 more then the f^^g j^^j.^ jj^ London ; but our Beefe and Bacon feeds vs stronsr 
 
 Sword. . ' . . o 
 
 in the Countrey: Long sleepes and past-mid nights- watch ings. 
 
 The Country dry vp your blouds, and wither your cheekes : Wee goe to bedde 
 life and Cttty yj\i\^ the Lambe, and rise with the Larke, which makes vs health- 
 life compared. i o a- -n i- i a i 
 
 lull as the bprmg. You are still sending to the Apothecaries, 
 
 and still crying out, Fetch Maister Doctor to me: But our Apothe- 
 caries shoppe, is our Garden full of Pot-hearbes; and our Docter 
 is a cloue of Garlicke : Besides, you fall to Wenching, and marry 
 heere in Lojidon, when a Stranger may thinke you are all Girles 
 in Breeches, (your chinnes are so smooth,) and like Cock-spar- 
 Early Bridals, TOWS, are treading so soone as you creepe out of the shell, which 
 make early makes your liues short as theirs is : But in our Countrey, wee 
 hold it as dangerous to venture vpon a Wife, as into a Set-battle: 
 It was 56. eare I was piest to that Seruice ; and am now as lusty 
 and sound at heart (I praise my God) as my yoake of Bullockes, 
 that are the seruants to my Plough. 
 
 Citt. Yet I wonder, that hauingno more Sande in the Glasse 
 of your life, how you durst set foorth, and how you could come 
 thus far re ? 
 
 Nor. How I durst set foorth ? If it were 88. againe, and all 
 the Spanish Fire-workes at Sea, I would thrust this old battered 
 Breast-plate into the thickest of them. Wee haue Trees in our 
 Towne that beare Fruite in Winter; I am one of those Winter- 
 plumires: And though I taste a little sower, yet I haue an Oake 
 in m}' Belly, and shall not rotte yet (I hope) for all this blustering 
 weatlier. 
 
 Citt. It were pittic you should yet be felled downe, you may 
 stand (no doubt) and grow many a faire yeare. 
 
 Nor. Yes Sir, my growing must now be downeward, like an 
 Eare of Corne when it is ripe. But I beseech you tell mee, are 
 all those Newes currant, which wee heare in the Country :
 
 IN THIS GREAT SNOW. 7 
 
 Cit. What are they pray ? 
 
 Nor. Marry Sir, that your goodly Riuer of Thames, (I call f/^^ Thames a 
 it yours, because you are a Cittizen ; and because it is the Nurse Nurse to Lon- 
 that giues you Milke and Hony) Is that (as tis reported) all frozen 
 ouer againe, that Coaches run vpon it ? 
 
 Cit. No such matter. 
 
 Nor. When I heard it, I prayed God to helpe the Fishes ; it 
 would be a hard world with them, if their Houses were taken 
 ouer their heads. Nay Sir, I heard it constantly affirmed, that 
 all the youth of the Cittie, did muster vpon it in battaile Array, 
 one halfe against the other: And by my troth, I would haue 
 ambled on my bare ten-Toes a brace of hundred Miles, to haue 
 seene such a triumph. 
 
 Citt. In sadnesse (I thinke) so would thousands besides your 
 selfe: But neither hath the Riuer been this yeare (for all the 
 vehement cold) so hard-hearted, as to haue such a glassy crusted 
 floare; neither haue our Youth beenvp in Armes in so dangerous 
 a Fielde : Yet true it is, that the Thames began to play a few 
 cold Christmas Gambols ; and that very children (in good Array) 
 great numbers, and with War-like furniture of Drummes, Cul- Children tHrn- 
 lours, Pikes, and Gunnes, (fit to their handling) haue sundry ed Souldiert. 
 times mette Armie against Armie, in most of the Fieldes about 
 the Cittie ; to the great reioycing of their Parents, and numbers 
 of beholders. 
 
 Nor. In good sooth I am sory, I was not one of those 
 standers by: I haue been brougiit vp as a Scholler my selfe; and 
 when I was young, our Warres were wrangling disputations: but 
 now it seemes, that Learning surfets, hauing too many Schollers; 
 And that wee shall need Souldiers, when such young Cockrels 
 addresscto a Battaile : It shevves like the Epitome of Warre; and 
 it is a wonder for men to read it. Our Painters in former Ages 
 haue not drawnc such Pictures. But you cut mee off from what 
 I was about else to know. 
 
 Citt. What is that. Father? 
 
 Nor. A Bird came flying into the NortJi, and chattered, that 
 Snow fell in such abundance within and round about the Cittie
 
 8 OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 of London, that none without could enter; nor any within, passe 
 foorth. 
 
 Citt. Fables, Fables : A man may by the shadow, haue some 
 guesse how great the substance is: Your owne eye fvpon your 
 now being in London) can witnesse that your Northren song went 
 to a wrong tune. 
 
 Nor. And yet by your fauour, I thinke you haue not scene 
 
 your Cittie so whited this fourtie yeares. 
 
 The great Cit. Indeede our Chronicles speake of one deepe Snow onely, 
 
 Snow3Q.yeare memorable to our time : and that was about 34, or 36. yeares agoe.~ 
 agoe. 'JO 
 
 Nor. Nay, not so much, but of your white Beares, Bulles, 
 
 Lions, 8cc. we had the description as fully, as if with Snow-bals 
 
 in our hands, your Prentises and wee silly Country clownes had 
 
 been at their bayting. I remember when I traueld into Russia, 
 
 I haue there scene white Beares, and white Foxes : But some 
 
 credulous fooles would needes sweare vs downe, that your Cittie 
 
 was full of such Monsters; and that they ran aliue in the Streets, 
 
 Monsters and dcvowred people : But I see your Gyants, and tirrable heardes 
 
 fashioned of ^f Beastes, hauc done your Cittie good seruice; for in stead of 
 
 the snow m our _, , , ^ i ^ , -n. i iiii ., 
 
 streets. Grasse, they haue had cold Frouander, and helped to rid away 
 
 the greater part of your Snow. 
 
 Citt. They haue indeede : And yet albeit an Arme from 
 
 Heauen hath for seuerall yeares one after another, shaken Whips 
 
 Diuers warn- ouer our Land, sometimes scourging vs with strange Inundations 
 
 ings, hit no of Flouds; then with mercilesse Fires, destroying whole Townes: 
 
 then with intollerable and killing Frostes, nipping the Fruites of 
 
 the earth: also for a long season, with scarcitie of Victuals, or 
 
 in great plentie, sold exceedingly deare : And now last of all, 
 
 with deepe and most dangerous Snowes. Yet (as all the former 
 
 lashes, the prints being worne out, are forgotten ; so of this, 
 
 wee make but a May-game, fashioning ridiculous Monsters of 
 
 Godstrikfs,^ that, which God in vengeance poures on our heades ; when in 
 
 we lauf^n, as * 
 
 if he did hut doing SO, wcc mockc our owne selues, that are more monstrous 
 
 *'^*^- and vgly in all the shapes of sinne. 
 
 A good distil- Nor. Yovx melt (Sir) out of a heape of Snow, very profitable 
 
 '"^^"" and holsome instructions.
 
 IN THIS GREAT SNOW. 9 
 
 Citt. To increase which, I pray good Father, tell me what of 
 your selfe you know, or haue heard from others touching the 
 effects of this wonderfull Snow, in those Countries Northward, 
 through which you liaue trauelled ? 
 
 Nor. My Countrie affaires (sometimes vsing Grasing, some- 
 times following other profitable courses, as the seasons and 
 aduantages of times lead me) haue made me or my Seruants, 
 continual traders and trauellersinto all the North parts of Eng- 
 land : And vpon mine owne knowledge I can assure you, that at 
 other times, when Winter hath but shewen his ordinarie tyrannic, 
 the Countries of Cumberland, Northumberland, Yorkshire, han- 
 cashire, and all those adioyning, haue been so hid in Snow, that 
 a man would haue thought, there was no more possibly to be 
 found in the world. 
 
 Citt. So then you must conclude, that the heapes of Snow in 
 those former times, being this yeare doubled and trebled, the 
 miserie that falles with it, must by consequence, be multiplyed. 
 
 Nor. Multiplyed! 1 haue met with some that haue come Snow es in 
 from the Peake in Darbj/shire, others (since my comming to {^"^^ P^^'^ "/ 
 Towue) that haue been in Nottingham, Cambridge -shire, and the ' " 
 He of Ely; who verily beleeue (vpon the daily cryes of poore 
 people, not onely there, but in many other Countries besides) that 
 neuer any Calamitie did happen to them so full of terrour, and 
 so sodainely to vndoe them, their VViues and Children, as this 
 Snow, 
 
 Citt. It is lamentable. 
 
 Nor. iNline eyes are witnesses (bad though they be) that some 
 Countries which stand high, shew for all the world, like the 
 Alptjue Hilles j)arting France and Italic: (I tlianke God, in 
 youn'j;er dayes I haue trauelled that way, and therefore know 
 what! speake) for the heads of those ililles are couerd with these 
 white VVinter-lockes in the hottest dayes of Sommcr. And it is 
 to be feared, that in some of our farre Countries, SoniuKr will 
 haue niadi,' his progresse a good way into our Land, before the 
 Earth will digest these cold Pellets off from her stoniaeke. 
 
 Citt. It is to be feared indeed: the more is the pitty. 
 
 Nor. Why 1 will tell you Sir, if you saw some })]aces by which 
 
 c
 
 10 OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 I liaue passed but within these three weeks, you would verily 
 
 Freezeland thinke, that Freezland were come ouer Sea, swimming on a cake 
 
 come from be- ^f j^e, and that it was lodged in England. Nay, you would, if 
 
 ^^ ' you dwelt as coldly and miserably, as some poore people of our 
 
 owne Nation doe, you would almost sweare, that those partes of 
 
 England lay vnder the Frozen Zone, and scarce remember there 
 
 were a Sunne in Heauen, so seldome doe his fyres cast any heate 
 
 vpon them. 
 
 Citt. But I pray Sir, What are the greatest hurtes and 
 
 miseries, that people with you (so farre from vs) complaine of? 
 
 And what kind of world is it with you in the Countrie: 
 
 The ivorld no Nor. The world with vs of the Country runns vpon the old 
 
 changeling. rotten wheeles ; for all the Northren Cloth that is wouen in our 
 
 Country, will scarce make a Gowne to keepe Charitie warme, 
 
 shee goes so a-cold : Those that are Rich, had neuer more 
 
 Money ; and Couetousnesse had neuer lesse pittie. There was 
 
 Money keepes neuer in any Age, more Money stirring, (if Curmudgions would 
 
 her bed, and }g[ \^ come foorth,) nor euer in any Age more stirre to get Money. 
 
 ii not stirring. ,, , i i- n x iT i \ 
 
 rarmers now are slaues to rackmg prodigall ^.andlords; and 
 
 ihose Landlords are more seruile slaues to their owne Riots and 
 
 Old diseases Luxurie. But these are the common Diseases of euery Kingdome, 
 
 hardly cured. .^j-,j^ tlierforc but couimon newes. But your desire Sir, is to 
 
 know how wee, spend the dayes of our frosty and snowy-lock'd 
 
 Age in the Countrie. 
 
 Citt. That I would hcare indeed. Father. 
 
 Nor. Beleeue me Sir, as wickedly (you must thinke) as you 
 
 The poore ^jm heere in the Cittie: It goes as hard with vs, as it does with 
 
 j^\g(,yyl you, if not harder. The same cold hand of Winter is thrust into 
 
 our bosomes, the same sharpe and bitter Ayre strikes woundes 
 
 into our bodyes: the same Snowy flakes and flockes of Heauen 
 
 lall on our Heades, and couer our Houses : the same Sunne shines 
 
 vpon vs, but the same Sunne scarce heates vs so much as it does 
 
 IJis wife and yoM. The poorc Plough-mans children sit crying and blowing 
 
 ciiildrcH. their Nayles as lamentably, as the Children and Seruants of your 
 
 j)oore Artificers : Hunger pincheth their Cheekes as deepe into 
 
 the Flesh, as it dolh into yours heere. You cry out, you are 
 
 vndone by the extreame prices of Foode and Fuell ; and wee
 
 IN THIS GRF.AT SNOW. 11 
 
 complaine wee are ready to die for want both of Victualles and 
 
 Wood. All your care is to prouide for your VViues, Children, 
 
 and Seruants, ill this time of sadnesse : but Wee goe beyoude you The country- 
 
 in cares: not onely our Wiues, our Children, and household Ser- *",''"*' ^"/"^v., 
 ' ' ' . aboue the Ctt- 
 
 uants, are vnto vs a cause of sorrow, but wee gneue as much to ihen. 
 beholde the miserie of our poore Cattell (in this frozen-hearted 
 season) as it doth to looke vpon our owne Affliction. Our Beastes 
 are our faythfuU Seruants, and doe their labours Iruely when wee 
 set them to it: they are our Nurses that giue vs Milke; they are Kine. 
 our Guides in our Journies ; ihey are our partners, and helpe to 
 inrich our State; yea, they are the very Upholders of a poore 
 Farmers Lands and Liuings. 
 
 Alas then ! what Maister (that loues his Seruant as hee ought) 
 but would almost breake his owne heart-stringes with sighing, 
 to see those pine and mourne, as they doe. Nay, to see Flockes 
 of Sheepe lustie and liuely to day, and to morrow, lying in heapes sheepe. 
 6trans;led in the Snow. 
 
 The Ground is bare, and not worth a poore handfull of Grasse. 
 the Earth secmes barren, and beares nothing; or if shee doth, 
 most vnnaturally shee killes it presently, or suffers it (through 
 cold) to perish. By which meanes, the lustie Horse abates his J^^rses, 
 tlcsh, and hanges the head, feeling his strength goe from him: /,a,i!^,i, 
 the Oxe fetandes bellowing, the ragged Sheepe bleating, the poore 
 Lambe shiuering and staruing to death. 
 
 The poore Cottager that hath but a Cow to Hue vpon, must 
 feed vpon hungry mealcs (God knowes) when the Beast her selfe 
 hath but a bare Commons; nay, in searching to fill her belly 
 with those hungry Meales, is perhaps on a sodaine, drowned in 
 a ditch. 
 
 Hee that is not able to bid all his cattle home, and to feast 
 them with Fodder out of his Barnes, shall scarce haue Cattell at 
 the end of Sommer to fetch in his Haruest : which charge of 
 feeding so many Moutiies, is able to eate a Country mans estate, 
 if by prouidence hee cannot preuent such stormes. Adde vnto 
 these Mischiefes, these following Miseries, that ilay (to feed Hay .sold ai 
 Cattell) is not onely exccssiue dcare, but so scant, that none '"' '"""^ 
 
 ' -' ' ' Idles. 
 
 almost is to be had: the like of Straw, which is raysed to an ex-
 
 12 OP STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 ceeding price : Then the spoyling of whole Warrens, the rotting 
 of our Pastures and Meddowes : And last of all, the vndooing of 
 poore Carriers, they being not able, (by reason of deepe Waters, 
 Carriers deepe Snowes, and dangerous Wayes) either to transport com- 
 
 vndone. modities and benefites from vs to your Cittie, or from your Cittie 
 
 to vs. And thus haue I to satisfie your desire, giuen you in a 
 few wordes a description of an ample, and our lamentable countrie 
 Miserie, happening vnto vs, by reason of this cold and vncom- 
 fortable Weather. 
 
 Citt. The Story you haue told (albeit, it yet makes my heart 
 bleed, to thinke vpon the calamity of my poore Countreymen ;) 
 was vttered with so graue a iudgement, and in a time so well 
 befitting your age, that I kept mine eares open, and ray lippes 
 lockt vppe, for I was loath to inierruptyou till all was told. But 
 1 pray Sir, besides these generall hurtes (of which, the whole 
 Kingdome hath a smarting share,) what particuler accidents can 
 you report, worthy to be remembred for the strangenesse of them : 
 Nor. There is no mischeefe borne alone (you know :) Cala- 
 mities commonly are (by birth) Twinnes; I will therefore (like 
 one of your London Traders) giue ouer selling these sadde and 
 bad Commodities in grosse and whole-saile, and fall to put them 
 away by retaile. 
 
 Citt. As I haue been your Customer for the one, so 1 will pay 
 you ready thankes (as my best payment) for the other. 
 
 Nor. I wish no better ; neyther doe I promise to put these 
 Wares into your hands for the best that are, but in such sort as 
 they came to me; so I hope you will receiue them. 
 Citt. Gladly. 
 
 Nor. Because then you are a Cittizen your selfe, I will tell 
 
 you what was truely reported to mee of a mischaunce happening 
 
 to a couple of Londoners now since Christmas. 
 
 Citt. I hearken to you Sir. 
 
 A Tale ofiwo Nor. They two hauing great occasion to ride into the North, 
 
 rydimlnio ** f^^tuned that in passing ouer a great Heath or Commons, on 
 
 fhe yorth. either side of which, were Woods; and beeing not aboue two 
 
 Miles (to their thinking) from the next towne; yet night ap- 
 
 procliing, and the Snow (which then coldly and thickly fell)
 
 IN THIS GREAT SNOW. 15 
 
 being by the winde so sharply driuen, and beating in their faces, 
 that they could not looke vp to obserue the way ; they were 
 thereby forced to muffle themselues in their Cloakes ouer head 
 and eares, and to trust to the poore Beastes vnder them, to guide 
 them to the Towne, which they knew was not farre off. 
 
 Citt. So Sir. 
 
 Nor. But their Horses, hauing libertie of Reynes giuen them, 
 sought to receiue as little of the blustering Stormes as their Mais- 
 ters did, and turning their heads as much as they could out of it, 
 left the beaten Path (all hidden in Snow,) and forsaking the 
 direct way to the Towne, had gotten on a suddaine into one of 
 the Woods at least foure or fine Miles: By which time, the two 
 Londoners wondring they were not yet at the Towne ; and being 
 halfe dead with cold, looked vp, and found themselues not onely 
 out of their way, but that the Sky was so darke, that they had no 
 hope to come into the right way againe : Trees they saw on euery 
 side, and thicke Groves, but not so much as the glimpse of a 
 Candle a farre off in any house, (which is as a Loadstarre to a 
 discomforted Traueller in the night,) no neither (for all their 
 listning) could they heare the voyce either of Man or Beast, to 
 assure them that people were not farre off from them. 
 
 Citt. Most lamentable. 
 
 yor. To stay there still was dangerous ; to goe forward (they 
 knew not whither) more dangerous : of two euils, they made 
 choyce of the least ; and that was, to trust to the mercy of 
 Almighty God, to preserue them in that place till morning. 
 Their Horses they tyed vp, to a cold Maunger, and to worse Good Gucstes 
 Prouander : their Maisters had as bad an Inne, as the Seruants : ^^^^^_ 
 Meate had they none, Fire had they none, no Bedde but the 
 Earth, no Light but the Starres of Heauen. 
 
 Citt. You make Water cuen stand in mine Fyes at the report. 
 
 Xor. In this dolcfull estate cheariiig vp one another the best 
 that they could ; and walking vp and downe to kcepc their 
 numbed bodyes in heate, behold, one oi' the two, what with cold, 
 and what with conceite of so viifortunate an accident, fell so- 
 daincly sicke. \V hat comfort was netre hini : none, but his 
 friend, that stood at the same doore of mercie with him.
 
 14 OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 Citt. Alacke, alacke. 
 
 Nor. That dangerous cold Feauer more and more shaking 
 One of them him; the last fitte that held him, ended both his sicknesse, and 
 ^y^'- his life. 
 
 Citt. Dyed hee there? 
 
 Nor. There, in the Armes of his Friend, and his mother (the 
 Earth) hee dyed. 
 
 Citt. What a terrour was this to his dessolate Companion? 
 
 Nor. How could it be otherwise ? Yet God suffering one to 
 liue, least the Fowles of the Ayre, should have deuowred both, 
 and so their deaths not haue bin knowne. Hee, so soone as euer 
 any light from heauen shewen-foorth, tooke his way and leaue of 
 his dead Friend, to finde out some Towne; and did so: where, 
 to some of the dwellers relating the sadde storie of himselfe and 
 Friend, pittie (as it could not otherwise choose) so stirred in their 
 bosomes, that along they went with him to the dolefull place and 
 spectacle; which taking vp, and hauing bestowed due rites of 
 Buriall vpon it ; the other Friend, ouer grieuing at the losse of 
 his Companion, and at so rare and vnheard-of a Calamitie, fell 
 likewise extreamely sicke in the same Towne: And whether he 
 did recouer or not, I haue not heard. 
 
 Citt. I haue not heard of a Newes that so deepely hath strucke 
 sorrow into mee. 
 
 Nor. I beleeue you : Letblacke Cloudes fly togeather; heere 
 be more of the same sadde coloure, which I report not for cer- 
 taine truthes, but as flying Newes; and these they are. I heard, 
 that a company of Horse-men riding togeather, spyed another 
 Oiftcr strange Horseman ryding smgly by himselfe, some quarter of a Mile 
 eiien s. before them in plaine view, and on a sodaine was vanished cleane 
 
 out of sight; at which they all much wondring, considering the 
 planenesse of the way : and misdoubting the worst, noted the 
 place (so neere as they could^ where they lost a sight of him : 
 And putting Spurres to their Horse, came, and found both Man 
 and Horse falne into a Pitte of Snow, strugling and striuing for 
 life. AVhereupon, leaping from their Horses, with much adoe 
 they saued both Horse and Man, and drew them foorth. In 
 labouring to doe which, not farre from him, lay three or foure
 
 IN THIS GREAT SNOW. 15 
 
 men more, and their Horses vnder them, buried in the same Pitte 
 of Snow. 
 
 Citt, To second this report of youres: A Customer of mine, 
 no longer agone then yesterday, told niee heere in my Shoppe, 
 that vpon Newmarket Heath in Cambridge shire, three men in 
 seuerall places, were found dead in the same manner. 
 
 Nor. Not vnlikely. And in many other Countries, many more, 
 both Men, Women, and Children, haue perished, that neuer will 
 come within reach of our knowledge. 
 
 Citt. It is to be feared. 
 
 Nor. Amongst so much sowre raeate, I should do you wrong, 
 if I did not set one pleasing Dish before you; I will therefore 
 tell you a merry Tale of a Collier, that happened since this great 
 Snow. 
 
 Citt. I shall be glad to heare it. 
 
 Nor. I call it merry, in respect of the sodaine accident attend- 
 ing on it, albeit it fell out sadly enough for the poore Collier: 
 And thus it was. 
 
 Citt. Come on Sir. 
 
 Nor. In my approching neere London, I ouertooke a Collier, A Tale of a 
 and his Teame loadon, walking as stately as if they scornd to ^"//ier. 
 carry Coales; for their pace was iust like that of Malt-mens 
 Horses when they march to London with full Sackes on their 
 backes. I asked honest Grimuie, Why hee made no more haste, 
 to put heate into his Horses and him selfe, seeing the Weather 
 so cold: Not so (cryed hee) no more haste then good; Soft P'ire 
 makes sweet Malt: Let mee trotte to day, that I may amble 
 more easily to morrow. If I should put my Horses into a chafe, 
 they may hap put me into such a cold sweate, as the last week a 
 Brother of mine (a Coale-carrier too) fell into, which strucke him 
 so to the heart, that five loade of Coales cannot yet warme him. 
 
 Citt. Belike then, hee tooke an extraordinary cold. 
 
 Nor. You shall heare. I prayde my black-facde Gentleman 
 to tell the Newes out: And so (his whissle lying still) he reported, Anoilin- Tale 
 That a Collier going to London with a load of Coales, hee him- "J, " ^'oU^er of 
 
 11-1 X- /-> Lroijdon. 
 
 selre rydmg by, on a little some JSagge, it iortuned that a Gen- 
 tleman discharging his Birding-peece at Fovvle, sonu; of the
 
 16 
 
 OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 The Colliers 
 Horse will 
 stand on no 
 ground. 
 
 The llacke 
 Tragedie 
 
 The Collier 
 tickles it for a 
 Satyre. 
 
 Hinc nice 
 Lacrimce. 
 
 Madd horse 
 play. 
 
 small Shott flying through a Hedge, happened to tickle my fel- 
 low Colliers Nagge; which hotte showre put more courage into 
 him, then euer the Whip was able to giue him, insomuch that 
 he ran away with the Collier as fast, as if hee had been ryding to 
 Hell, to serue their Fornaces there with Fyring : the whole Teame 
 spying their Maister in his vn-vsual post-gallop, and frighted 
 with the noyse of the Peece, left the High-way (their ordinarie 
 beaten path,) and as if the Diuell had daunc'd in one of the 
 Sackes, after the Collier they ran, who cryed. Hey, and Hoe, and 
 Ree, and Gee:, but none of his carterly Rethoricke was able to 
 stay them, vniill Cart and Coales were ouerthrowne, and with 
 the fall, the Axletree broken. By which time, albeit the Colliers 
 Nagge was halfe come to his wittes, yet the Collier himselfe 
 began to be starke mad. 
 
 Citt. By my fayth hee had reason. 
 
 'Nor. And in that furie (quoth the other Collier) hee fell a 
 cursing of Gunnes, bade a Pox of all Powder; cryed out, It was 
 a shame, that poore harmelesse Birds could not be suffered in 
 such pittifull cold weather, to saue them-selues vnder a Bush, 
 when euery lowsie Beggar had the same libertie, but that euery 
 paltrie Peter-gunner, must shoote Fire and Brimstone at them. 
 But the wofull spectacle of his Great Coale, turnde and grinded 
 into Small, by the logging and ioulting: and his Horses beeing 
 in such a durtie pickle, made him giue ouer cursing : So that 
 taking his Teame out of the Cart, and tying the Fore-horse to a 
 Hedge, backe gallops my fellow Goose-stealer, to the next Towne 
 for a new Axletree. In whose vnhappie blacke absence, the 
 former Bird-killer making another shoote, the whole Teame (now 
 madder then before, as beeing not vsed to such Musicke,) brake 
 from the Hedge ; and beeing out of their Croydon Coranto, vp 
 Hill, and downe Dale, they fly, as if Wild-fire had been tyed to 
 their tayles; vntil at last, happening into a narrow Lane, deepely 
 filled vp with Snow, on they rushe : the first (like ill Companie 
 on a Shroue-tuesday) drawing on the second, and so hee the 
 third; and then not being able to turne backe, but strugling and 
 beating way in that cold passing, where none was to be had: In 
 the ende beeing tyred with striuing downe the poore Beastes fell;,
 
 IN THIS GREAT SNOW. 17 
 
 and there were styffled in the Snow. Thus was the Colliers Tale 
 to mee; but what the lamentations of the other Collier were at 
 his comming backe, I thinke you may guesse. 
 
 Cit. Such, that I warrant you, he wept more warme water, 
 then euer he had at any countrie Barbers to wash his smutty Face 
 on a Satterday night. 
 
 Nor. You haue heard of some misfortunes, lately happening 
 vnto certaine Grasiers: 
 
 Cit. No indeede, Sir. 
 
 Nor. Then take it for truth and on my credite, that a good A Tale of 
 company of them comming up togeather to London with great ^'^'"'<''^*- 
 store both of Sheepe and Bullocks, they lost, by reason of the 
 Snowes and deepe Wayes, so many of either (especially of Sheepe) 
 that perished in great numbers, euen on the way, and before their 
 faces, that if tliey had been sold to their value, it had been a 
 sufficient estate to haue maintainde a very good man, and haue 
 kept him rich all his life time. 
 
 Cit. I beleeue you: But I pray Sir, What is your opinion 
 of this strange Winter : Giue mee your iudgement 1 beseech you, 
 of these Frostes and Snowes; and what (in the schoole of your An old Maii 
 Experience) you haue read, or can remember, may be the effects, """t'w'^^^- 
 which they may produce, or which of consequence are likely now 
 to follow. 
 
 Nor. I shall doe my best to satisfie you. When these great 
 Hilles of Snow, and these great Mountaines of Yce be digged ivhat is Hkeh/ 
 downe, and be made leuell with the Waters; when these hard tohappenvpou 
 Rockes shall melt into Riuers, and these white Fethers of Heauen Snowc. 
 sticke vpon the backes of Floodcs; and that sodaine Thawes shall 
 shew, that the Anger of these Winter stormes are mollified : then 
 it is to be feared, that the swift, violent, and vnresistable Land- 
 currents (or rather TorrentsJ will beare downe Bridges, beate 
 downe Buildings, ouer-flow our Corne-fields, ouer-run the Pas- 
 tures, drowne our Cattell, and endanger the liues both of Man 
 and Beast, traualing on their way; And, vnlcsse Gods hand of 
 Plentie be held open, a Dearth, to strike the Land in the follow- 
 ing Souimer.
 
 If OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS 
 
 Cit. You say right. This Prognostication which your Judge- 
 ment thus lookes into, did alwayes fall out to be true. 
 
 Nor. These extraordinarie Feauers (shaking a whole King- 
 dome) haue alwayes other mortall Diseases wayting vpon them. 
 
 Cit. Wee are best to feare it; and by fearing, prouide against 
 them. 
 
 Nor. I pray God (at whose commaund the Sunne sendes 
 foorth his heate, and the Windes bitter Stormes to deface the 
 fruites of it,) that in this last Affliction sent downe in Flakts from 
 the angry Element, all other Miseries may be hidden, swallowed, 
 and confounded. 
 
 Cit. 1 gladly, and from my heart, play the Clarke, crying. 
 Amen. 
 
 Nor. But I pray Sir, now you haue melted a great part of our 
 North-country Snow out of mee. How hath your Cittie heere 
 (with all their Castles, and S. George a horsebacke to helpe it,) 
 borne off the storme : 
 
 Cit. Marry, I will tell you how, sir : Just as our London 
 Fencers often times doe in their Challenges : Shee has taken it 
 full vpon the Head. 
 
 Nor. Mee thinkes, and 1 see it with mine eyes, it cannot hurt 
 you much ; for your Streets are fuller of people then euer they 
 were. 
 
 Cit. True sir : but full Streetes, make Shoppes emptie: It's a 
 signe that Tradesmen and Handy-crafts, haue either little to doe, 
 or else can doe little, by reason of the Weather, when they throw 
 The hurt the by their Tooles, and fall to flinging of Snow-bals. I assure you 
 fhU'smw^^^ Father, the tyranny of this Season, killes all trading (vnlesse in 
 villanie, which shrinks for no Weather) so that all Commerce lies 
 dead. Besides, it lessens our Markets for prouision, so that all 
 sort of Food was neuer more deare : It eates vp Firing, and almost 
 starues the Poore, who are not able to buy Coale or Wood, the 
 rates vpon euery Frostie Morning being lifted vp and raysed at 
 the pleasure of euery paultry Chandler. Men of Occupations, 
 for the most part lie still ; as Carpenters, Bricklayers, Playsterers, 
 and such like: not one of these, nor of many other, turnes
 
 IN THIS GREAT SNOW. Ig 
 
 Alchimist, for (vnlesse they bee Shooe-makers) none can extract 
 or melt a penny of Siluer out of all these heapes of Snow. 
 
 Nor. You now haue giuen mee a large satisfaction. 
 
 Cit. Nay, if you should walke but along one streete onely 
 in London ; and that is Thames streete, and to see their Cellers The dwellers 
 and Ware-houses full of rich Merchandize, drownd, and vtterly '" ^"'"*^* 
 spoyld, you would both wonder at the losse, which cannot be set 
 downe ; and lament it, albeit you know it to be none of your 
 owne. 
 
 Nor. I doe already (by your report, to which I giue much 
 credite) lament it in others, as if it were mine owne. I loue not 
 these Tragicall passions, I suffer for them vpon the reporting. 
 But putting them by, I pray Sir, seeing I haue vnladen my selfe 
 to you here in your shop, send not you mee home like a Colliers 
 Horse, onely with an empty Sacke on my backe : let mee haue 
 some good Newes to carry with mee. 
 
 Cit. The best, and most noble, that I haue at this time, to 
 bestow vpon you, is to request you to step into Smithfield, where The paving of 
 you shall see by the carefull prouidence, care, and Industrie, of ^^^^hfi^^'^- 
 our Honorable Senators (the Fathers of our Cittie) much Money 
 buried vnder that durtie Fielde, by the hyring of hundreds of 
 Labourers to reduce it (as it is reported), to the fairest and most 
 famous Market-place, that is in the whole Kingdome. 
 
 Nor. A Market-place ! now trust mee, it standes fit for so Smifhjield 
 noble a purpose, and will be a memorable Monument to after madeuMarkct 
 Ages, of the royaltie, diligence, wisedome, and brauerie of this. 
 But where shall your Cheapside Market be then kept, this must 
 either hinder that, or that this: 
 
 Cit. Cheapside shall by this meanes, haue her Streetes freed 
 from that trouble, by sending it hither, if (as it is reported) it 
 proue a Market place. It will adde that beautie to that spacious 
 place, which in former times hath by Horses and Paniers, and 
 Buiter-wiues, been taken from it: Nay, the very Street it selfe, by 
 tliis meanes, will shew like a large new Exchange, or liialta ; such 
 a commerce of Gentlemen and Cittizens will be scene there daylj 
 by walking vpon it.
 
 20 OF STRANGE ACCIDENTS, &C. 
 
 y Nor. I thanke you for this Newes ; this goes with mee into 
 
 the North : And when I heare that the worke is finished, lie take 
 off one ten yeares of mine, because He come vp lustily to London 
 once againe, to see such an honour to your Ciitie. 
 
 Cit. And when you doe, you shall finde (as Report already 
 glues it out) besides the Market, two goodly Receiptes for Water 
 fairely built, to adde vnto it the greater glory and beautie. 
 
 Nor. Your Cittie is full of honourable deedes ; and euer 
 may it be so. I haue troubled you long : your Mony will I bring 
 to you to Morrow morning; in the meane time, because (as durty 
 as your Streets are) I must trot vp and downe, to dispatch many 
 businesses. I will for this time, take my leaue of you ; and the 
 rather, for that (you see) it hath now left snowing. 
 
 Cit. Sir, you are most heartily wel-come. 
 
 FINIS,
 
 THE LIFE 
 
 OF 
 
 iottg MtQ of IMtstmimttv : 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 THE MAD MERRY PRANKES SHE PLAYED IN HER LIFE TIME, 
 
 NOT ONELY IN PERFORMING SUNDRY QUARRELS 
 
 WITH DIVERS RUFFIANS ABOUT LONDON: 
 
 BUT ALSO HOW VALIANTLY SHE BEHAUED HER SELFE IN 
 THE WARRES OF BOLLOINGNE. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 PRINTED FOR ROBERT BIRD, AND ARE TO BE SOLD AT 
 
 HIS SHOP IN ST. LAWRENCE LANE, AT THE 
 
 SiGNE Ol" THE BIBLE. 
 
 1535.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 1 HE Reader would perhaps take but little interest 
 in the inquiry whether the Heroine of the following 
 amusing Tract, was a real or fictitious personage ; 
 yet the discussion of the question might furnish 
 a dissertation of no trifling extent. The present 
 writer, however, deems it sufficient to say, he in- 
 clines to the opinion that Long Meg, Gillian of 
 Brainford, Dobson, and others of the same stamp, 
 whose tricks have given rise to similar narrations, 
 were real characters of notoriety. 
 
 Our Heroine must have died previous to 1594, 
 in which year her exploits were exhibited in a dra- 
 matic form by my Lord Admiralls men.* 
 
 Gabriel Harvey, in his " Peirce's Supererogation, 
 or a New Praise of the Old Asse," London, I6OO, 
 4to. pp. 145, 6, speaks of her in the following 
 terms : 
 
 " Phy, long Megg of Westminster would have 
 bene ashamed to disgrace her Sonday bonet with 
 her Satterday witt. She knew some rules of deco- 
 rum : and although she were a lustic bounsing 
 rampe, somewhat like Gallcmclla, or maide Marian, 
 yet was she not such a roiuish ranncll, or such 
 
 * Reed's Sliakspeure, vol. iii. p. 3G'2.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 a dissolute gillian-flurtes, as this wainscot-faced 
 Tomboy." 
 
 In a rare tract, entitled " Hollands Leaguer, or 
 an Historical Discourse of the Life and Actions of 
 Dona Britanica Hollandia the Arch Mistris of the 
 Wicked Women of Eutopia ; London, printed for 
 Richard Barnes, 1632;'' mention is made of a house 
 kept by Long Meg on the Southwark Side. "It was 
 out of the Citie, yet in the view of the Citie, only di- 
 vided by a delicate River; there was many handsome 
 buildings, and many hearty neighbours, yet at the 
 first foundation, it was renowned for nothing so 
 much as for the memory of that famous Amazon, 
 Longa Margarita, who had there for many yeeres 
 kept a famous infamous house of open Hospitality.'' 
 Prefixed to the tract is a wood cut view of the 
 house. 
 
 Most of the readers of this will recollect a large 
 stone in the Cloisters at Westminster, known by the 
 name of Long Meg : whether any relation may ex- 
 ist between this stone and our personage it is not 
 our present purpose to discuss, and the circumstance 
 is mentioned here merely on account of the coinci- 
 dence of names. 
 
 This rare tract is given to the reader with con- 
 fidence, as an amusing specimen of the popular 
 stories of our ancestors.
 
 TO THE GENTLEMEN READERS. 
 
 ENTLEMEN, to please your fantasies, 
 many men haue made many pleasant 
 jigges, as the Icsts of Robin-hood, and 
 Beuis of South-hampton, and such 
 others, as serue to procure mirth, and 
 driue away melancholy. Now at last, because amongst 
 the three Doctors of health. Doctor Merryman is not 
 the least, and that longer Hues a man of pleasant dis- 
 position, than a sad Saturnist ; when I was idle, I be- 
 thought me of Long-j\leg of AVestminster, and her 
 merry pranks, as pleasant as the merriest lest that euer 
 past the Presse ; a woman she mus of late memory, 
 and well beloucd, spoken ou of all, and knowne of 
 many ; therefore there is hope ot" the better acceptance. 
 Gentlemen, Augustus Avould reade our Riddles, 
 when he had tossed ouer flrgiis Ileroicks, and Ciccra
 
 TO THE READER. 
 
 would oft delirate after his weighty affaires; so I hope 
 you will vse Long Meg as a whetstone to mirth after 
 your serious businesse: and if shee haue any grosse 
 faults, beare with them the more patiently, 
 for that she was a woman ; and pre- 
 suming thus farre on her 
 behalfe, I bid you 
 farewell.
 
 THE CONTENTS OF THIS BOOKE. 
 
 'T^H^ first Chapter containeth where she was borne, how she carne 
 
 
 vp to London, and how she beat the Carrier. 
 
 The second containeth, how she placed herselfe at Westminster, and 
 what she did at her placing. 
 
 The third containeth, how she vsed one of the Vicars of Westminster, 
 that was a morrow Masse priest, and how she made him pay 
 his score. 
 
 The fourth containeth, a merry skirmish that was betweene her and 
 Sir lames of Castile a Spanish Knight, and what was the end 
 of their combat. 
 
 The fifth containeth, the courtesie shee used towards Souldiers, and 
 other men that carried good minds. 
 
 The sixth containeth, how she used the Bailijfe of Westminster, that 
 came into her Mistresse house, and arrested one of her friends. 
 
 The seuenth containeth, how shee vsed Woolner the singing-man of 
 Windsor, that was the great eater, and how she made him pay 
 for his breakfast. 
 
 The eighth containeth a merrt/ jest, how she met a Nobleman, and 
 hozc she vsed bjth him and the walch. 
 
 The ninth containeth, hozc Meg zceut a shruuiiig, and hozc as she came 
 home she f night with the Theeues a' S. Lunes corner, and helpt 
 Father Willis the Carrier lo his huudrcth nuirkes anaine.
 
 THE CONTENTS OF THIS BOOKE. 
 
 The tenth containeth how Harry the Hostler was prest, how she 
 vsed the Constable and Captaine, and how shee tooke presse 
 money to goe to Bulloigne. 
 
 The eleuenth containeth how she beat the French-men from the walles 
 of Bulloigne, and behaued her selfe so valiantly, that the King 
 gaue her eight pence a day for her life. 
 
 The twelfth containeth her comhate shee had with a Frenchman 
 before the walls of Bulloigne, and what was the issue of the 
 combat. 
 
 The thirteenth containeth her comming into England, and how she 
 zms married, and how she behaued herself e to her Husband. 
 
 The foureteenth containing a pleasant jest, how she vsed the angry 
 Miller of Epping in Essex. 
 
 The fifteenth of the mad prank shee plaid with a Water-man of 
 Lambeth. 
 
 The sixteenth how shee kept a house at Islington, and what lawes 
 she had there to be obserued. 
 
 The seuenteenth how she vsed lames Dickins, that was called huf- 
 fing Dicke. 
 
 The eighteenth how shee zvas sicke, and visited by a Frier who en- 
 joyned her Penance, and what absolution she gaue him after 
 for his paines.
 
 THE 
 
 LIFE AND PRANKES 
 
 OF 
 
 2.ong MtS ^f WLt&tininsttv. 
 
 CHAP. I. 
 
 Containeth where she was borne, how she came vp to London, and 
 how she beate the Carrier. 
 
 N the time of Henry the eighth of famous 
 memory, there was borne of very honest and 
 wealthy Parents, a Maid called for her ex- 
 cesse in heighth, Long Meg : for she did not 
 onely passe all the rest of her Country in the 
 length of her proportion, but euery limbe was 
 so fit to her talnesse, that she seemed the 
 picture and shape of some tall man cast in a womans mould. 
 This Meg growing to the age of eighteene, would needs come vp 
 to London to serue, and to learne City fashions: and althouirh 
 her friends perswaded her to the contrary', yet forsooth she had 
 determined, and vp she would. Wherefore she resolued to come 
 vp, with a Carrier a neighbour of hers, called Father Willis, and 
 so she did, accompanied with three or foure Lasses more, who 
 likewise came to London to seek seruice. W^ell, hauing taken 
 their leaue of their friends, forward they goc on tiicir Journey, 
 and by long trauell at last got witiiin the sight of London, which 
 joyed their hearts greatly. But when tlicy drew nigh, her fellow 
 
 u
 
 2 THE LIFE AND FRANKS OF 
 
 partners waxed sad ; which Meg espying, cheared them vp thus : 
 What Lasses in a dumpe, and we so nigh London ? cheare vp 
 your hearts; though we be come from our friends, yet here shall 
 we haue good Mistresses, that will allow vs good wages : here at 
 London may wee winne gold and weare gold ; and there are not 
 so many Maides before vs, but we may finde husbands as well 
 as the rest: all is not broken stuffe the Carrier brings, and if it 
 were, what then? that the eye sees not, the heart rues not; let vs 
 doe well, and we shall haue well. Tush Meg, quoth one of her 
 fellowes, it is not that grieues me ; but father Willis the Carrier 
 you know is a hard man, and he askeih more than wee haue in 
 our purses, for letting vs ride a little on his packsaddles. If that 
 be all, quoth Meg, feare not. He speake the Carrier so faire, and 
 if words will not preuaile. He so rib-roast him with a cudgell, as 
 he shall wish he had neuer beene Cole-carrier to such shrewd 
 wenches. This somewhat cheared them ; and euen as they were 
 in this talke. Father Willis ouertooke them, and seeing they were 
 beyond Islington ready to enter into Saint lohri's street, he de- 
 manded money of them for riding. What will you haue of vs, 
 quoth Meg? Marry quoth Father Willis, ten shillings a peece. 
 What? what? answered she, you are a merry man, ten shillings 
 A peece, 'tis more than we haue in our purses : no Father WilliSf 
 you are our Countrey-man and our neighbour, and we are poore 
 wenches, and farre from our friends, you shall haue a gallon of 
 Wine, and if euer we come to keepe houses of our owne here in 
 London, looke for amends ; in the meane time to make vp the 
 bargaine, you shall haue of eucry one of vs a kisse for a favour. 
 At this the Carrier storm'd and Meg smilde, which made him so 
 mad, that he swore if they would not pay him his money, he 
 would cudgell ten shillings out of their bones. 
 
 Marry content, quoth Meg, and she vp with her stafFe and 
 laid him on the shoulders, where shee so beswinged the Carrier 
 and his man, that poore Father Willis desired her for Gods sake 
 to hold her hands. Not I base knaues, quoth shee, vnlesse vpon 
 conditions, and that is this, that first thou bestow vpon each of 
 us an Angell for a handsell to our good lucke hereafter in Lon- 
 don; and that thou sweare^ not to depart out of this Towue till
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 3 
 
 thou hast placed vs all three with Mistresses: otherwise, as I am 
 a true Lancashire Lasse, I will so bumbaste thee, as all Carriers 
 shall take examples by thee for displeasing a Couiitrey wench. 
 
 The Carrier hauing felt the weight of her armes, thought 
 better to giue three Angells, than to haue so many lambasts as 
 she would bestow vpon him; and therefore not onely out with 
 his Pouch, and gaue them the coyne, but swore not to depart 
 before he had scene them placed. 
 
 CHAP. II. 
 
 Containing how he placed her in JVestminster, and what skee did at 
 
 her placing. 
 
 AFTER the Carrier had set vp his Horse, and dispatcht his 
 lading, hee remembred his Oath, and therefore bethought 
 him how he might place these three Maides: with that hee called 
 to minde that the Mistresse at the Eagle in Westminster, had 
 spoken diners times to him for a seruant, he with his Carriage 
 passed oner the fields to her house, where he found her sitting 
 and drinking with a Spanish Knight called Sir lames of Castile, 
 Doctor Skelton and Will Sommers ; told her how hee had brought 
 vp to London three Lancashire Lasses, and seeing she was oft 
 desirous to haue a Maid, now she should take her choyce which 
 of them she would haue. 
 
 Marry quoth shee (being a very merry and a pleasant woman) 
 Carrier thou commest in good time, for not onely I want a Maid, 
 but heere bee three Gentlemen that shall giue me their opinions, 
 which of them I shall haue. With that the Maids were bidden 
 come in, and she intreated them to giue their verdict. Streight 
 as soone as they saw Long Meg, they began to smile ; and Doc- 
 tor Skelton in his mad merry veine, blessing himselfe, began 
 
 thus : 
 
 Domine, Domine, vnde hoc ? 
 What is she in the gray cassock ? 
 Me thinkes she is of a large length. 
 Of a tall pitch, and a good strength.
 
 -4 TriE LIFE' AND PRANKS 091 
 
 With stron 2: armes and stiffe bones 
 
 This is a wench for the nones. 
 
 Her lookes are bonny and blithe, ; 
 
 She seemes neither lither nor lithe. 
 
 But young of age, 
 
 And of a merry visage, 
 
 Neither beastly nor bowsie. 
 
 Sleepy nor drowsie, 
 
 But faire fac'd and of a good size. 
 
 Therefore Hostesse, if you be wise. 
 
 Once be ruled by me, 
 
 Take this wench to thee. 
 
 For this is plaine, 
 
 Shee'l doe more worke than these twaine, 
 
 I tell thee Hostesse, I doe not mocke. 
 
 Take her in the gray cassocke. 
 
 What is your opinion, quoth the Hostesse to Sir fames of 
 Castile'? Question with her, quoth he, what she can do, and then 
 He giue you mine opinion : and yet first Hostesse, aske Will 
 Sommers opinion. Will smiled, and swore that his Hostesse 
 should not haue her, but king Harry should buy her. Why so 
 Will, quoth Doctor Skelton? Because (quoth Will Sommers) that 
 she shall be kept for breed : for if the King would marry her to 
 long Sanders of the Court, they would bring forth none but 
 souldiers. Well, the Hostesse demanded what her name was? 
 Margaret forsooth, quoth she. And what worke can you doe? 
 Faith little Mistresse (quoth she) but handy labour, as to wash 
 and wring, to make cleane a house, to brew, bake, or any such 
 drudgery : for my needle, to that I haue beene little vsed to. 
 Thou art, quoth the Hostesse, a good lusty wench, and therefore 
 I like thee the better : I haue here a great charge, for I keepe a 
 victualling house, and diuers times there come in swaggering 
 feJlowes, that when they haue eat and dranke, will not pay what 
 they call for; yet if thou take the charge of my drinke, I must 
 be answered out of your wages. Content Mistresse quoth she, 
 for while I serue you, if any stale Cutter comes in, and thinkes to
 
 lONG MEG OP WESTMINSTER. 6 
 
 pay the shot with swearing, hey, gogs wounds; let me alone, lie 
 not onely (if his clothes be worth it) make him pay ere hee passe, 
 but lend him as many bats as his crag will carry, and then throw 
 him out of doores. At this they all smiled. Nay Mistresse, quoth 
 the Carrier, 'ti< true, for my poore pilch here is able with a paire 
 of blew shoulders to sweare as much ; and with that he told them 
 how she had vsed him at her comming to London. I cannot 
 thinke, quoth Sir lames of Castile, that she is so strong. Try 
 her, quoth Skelton, for I haue heard that Spaniards are of 
 wonderfuU strength. 
 
 Sir lames in a brauer}'^ would needs make experience, and 
 therefore askt the Maide, if she durst change a box on the eare 
 with him : I sir, quoth she, that I dare, if my Mistresse will giue 
 me leaue. Yes Meg, quoth she, doe thy best. And with that it 
 was a question who should stand first. Marry that I will sir, quoth 
 she; and so stood to abide Sir lames his blow; who forcing him- 
 selfe with all his might, gaue her such a box, that she could 
 scarcely stand, yet shee stirred no more than a post. Then Sir 
 lames he stood, and the Hostesse willed her, not spare her 
 strength. No, quoth Skelton, and if she fell him downe, lie giue 
 her a paire of new hose and shoone. Mistresse, quoth Meg, 
 (and with that she strooke vp her sleeue) here is a foule fist, and 
 it hath past much drudgery, but trust me I ihinke it will giue a 
 good blow: and with that she raught at him so strongly, that 
 downe fell sir lames at her feet. By my faith quoth Will Som- 
 mers, she strikes a blow like an Oxe, for she haih strooke down 
 an Asse. At this they all laught. Sir lames was ashamed, and 
 Meg was entertained into seruice. 
 
 CHAP. III. 
 
 Containing how she vsed one of the Vicars of the Church, that sung 
 Masse, and hozc she made him pay his score. 
 
 IT fortuned that not long after slice was placed, but her Mis- 
 tresse liked passing well of her; and Meg proucd so good a 
 Wench, that she was cal'd of eucry body Long Meg of VVcsiiniu-
 
 6 THE tIFE AND PRANKES OF 
 
 ^ter : much talke went on her, shee was in euery man's mouth, 
 for her talnesse and her strength, insomuch that one of the Vicars 
 of Westminster, that was a tall lusty lubber, and a stout Franion, 
 who trusted much of his strength, tliought to buckle with her, 
 and to giue her the ouerthrow. 
 
 Now sir his custorae was euery morning after Masse, hee 
 would come in and call for a pot of Ale and a toste, and euer he 
 set it vpon the score, till it came to a Crowne or a Noble, and 
 then he paid. One frosty morning amongst the rest, he came 
 with halfe a dozen of his friends, whom he had made priuate to 
 his practice, and cal'd for Ale. Meg was ready, and brought 
 Master Vicar his morning draught. After he and his com- 
 panions had drunk a while, he said, he was come to cleere his 
 score, and askt what was on it i Marry Master Vicar, quoth Meg, 
 just fine shillings and three pence. Fiue shilUngs and three 
 pence, quoth he; why I tell thee foule Stallion, I owe but three 
 shillings and a penny, and no more shalt thou haue of me. What 
 a coozening queane haue you got here Hostesse, that misreckons 
 mee at one time but two shillings and two pence ? she may well 
 be cai'd Long Meg of Westminster. 
 
 I haue referred all to my Maid, quoth the Hostesse, and I 
 maruell shee would deale worse with y(u than with all the neigh- 
 bours; but howsoeuer, shift it betweene you two. 
 
 Tlie foule ill take me Mistresse, quoth Megf if I misreckon 
 the limmer Lowne one penny; and therefore Vicar I tell thee, 
 'fore thou goe out of these doores. He make thee pay euery far- 
 thing, if thy Cap be of wooll. 
 
 Away you fuule rake-sham'd whore, quoth he. If thou pratest 
 to mee. He lay thee at my foote. Marry there goes the game, 
 quoth Meg, we'll to it for a plucke or two, I'le giue the Vicar 
 the first handsel!; and with that she reach'd the Vicar a box on 
 the eare, that he reel'd againe. The Vicar stept to her, and 
 together the}'^ goe by the eares; where betweene them was many 
 a sore blow. The Vicars head was broken, Megs clouts were 
 puld off, and he held her by the haire of the head. The Vicar 
 was shaueii, and so Meg could take no vantage, but at last shee 
 pummeld him so, that hee was cleane out of breath, and theo
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. J 
 
 Meg (as lusty as shee was at the first) tooke Master Vicar by 
 both the eares, and holding his head to a post, ask'd him, how 
 much he owed her? Marry quoth lie, three shillings and a penny. 
 Then Knaue, quoth she, must I knocke out of your bald pate, 
 two shillings and twopence more, and so oftentimes will I wring 
 your head against the wall : and with that shee began to sing a 
 faire plaine song betweene the post and Master Vicars pate. 
 But hee in his triple voice cried out, Fiue shillings and three 
 pence, fiue shillings and three pence. With that she swore shee 
 would not let him goe till hee did lay downe the mony: which 
 he did; and for his jest was wel beaten home to his chamber. 
 
 CHAP. IV. 
 
 Containing the merry skirmish that was betweene her and Sir lames 
 
 of Castile a Spanish Knight, and what was 
 
 the end of their combat. 
 
 THERE was a great Suter to Megs Mistresse, called '&\r lames 
 of Castile, to winne her loue : but her affection was set on 
 Doctor Skelton; so that Sir lames could get no grant of any 
 fauour. Whereupon he swore, if hee knew who were her Para- 
 mour, hee would runne him thorow with his Rapier. The Mis- 
 tresse (who had a great delight to bee pleasantj made a match 
 betweene her and Long Meg, that she should goe drest in Gen- 
 tlemans apparell, and with her sword and buckler goe and meet 
 sir lames in Saint Georges field, if she beat him, she should for 
 her labour haue a new Petticote. Let me alone, quolh J\Ieg, 
 the deuill take me if I lose a petticote. And with that her JNlis- 
 tris deliuered her a suit of white Sattin, that was one of the 
 Guards that lay at her house. Meg put it on, and tooke her 
 Avhinyard by her side, and away she went into Saint Georges 
 fields to meet Sir lames. Presently after came Sir lames, and 
 found his Mistris very melancholy, as women haue faces that are 
 fit for all fancies. What aile you sweet heart, quoth he, tell 
 me ? hath any man w ronged you ? if he hath, be he the prwudest
 
 8. THE LIFE AND PRANKS OP 
 
 champion in London, He haue him by the eares, and teach him 
 to know. Sir lames of Castile can chastise whom he list. Now 
 (quoth she) shall I know if you loue me, a squaring long Knaue 
 in a white Sattin doublet, hath this day monstrously misused me 
 in words, and I haue no body to reuenge it: and in a brauery 
 went out of doores, and bad the proudest champion I had come 
 into Saint Georges fields, and quit my wrong if they durst: now 
 Sir lames if euer you loued mee, learne the knaue to know how 
 he hath wronged me, and I will grant whatsoeuer you will request 
 at my hands. 
 
 Many that I will, quoth he, and for that you may see how 
 I will vse the knaue, goe with me, you and Master Doctor Skel- 
 ton, and be eye-witnesses of my manhood. 
 
 To this they agreed, and all three went into Saint Georges 
 fields, where Long Meg was walking by the wind-mils. 
 
 Yonder (quoth she) walkes the villain that abused me. Follow 
 me Hostesse, quoth Sir lames, He goe to him. As soone as hee 
 drew nigh, Meg began to settle herselfe, and so did Sir lames: 
 but Meg past on as though she would haue gone by. Nay sirrah, 
 stay quoth Sir lames, you and I part not so, we must haue a bout 
 ere we passe, for Lam this Gentlewomans Champion, and flatly 
 for her sake will haue you by the eares. Meg replied not a word : 
 but only out with her sword, and to it they went. At the first 
 bout Meg hit him on the hand, and hurt him a little, but en- 
 dangered him diuers times, and made him giue ground, following 
 so hotly, that shee strucke Sir lames' weapon out of his hand ; 
 then when she saw him disarm'd, shee stept within him, and 
 drawing her Ponyard, swore all the World should not saue him. 
 Oh save mee Sir (quoth hee) I am a Knight, and 'tis but for a 
 Womans matter, spill not my blood. Wert thou twenty Knights, 
 quoth Meg, and were the King himselfe heere, hee should not 
 save ihy life, unlesse thou grant mee one thing. Whatsoever it 
 bee quoth Sir lames. Marry quoth shee, that is, that this night 
 thou wait on my trencher at Supper at this womans house, and 
 when Supper is done, then confesse me to be thy better at weapon 
 in any ground in England. I will do it sir (quoth he) as I am 
 a true Knight. With this they departed, and sir lames went
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. <) 
 
 home with his hostesse sorrowful! and ashamed, swearing that his 
 adversary was the stoutest man in England. 
 
 Well, Supper was provided, and Sir Thomas Moore and divers 
 other Gentlemen bidden thither by Skeltons means, to make up 
 the Jest : which when sir lames saw invited, hee put a good face 
 on the matter, and thought to make a slight matter of it, and 
 therefore beforehand told Sir Thomas Moore what had befallen 
 him, how entring in a quarrcll of his hostesse, hee fought with a 
 desperate Gentleman of the Court, who had foiled him, and given 
 him in charge to wait on his trencher that night. Sir Thomas 
 Moore answered Sir Tomes, that it was no dishonour to be foyled 
 by a Gentleman, sith Cccsar himselfe was beaten backe by their 
 valour. 
 
 As thus they were discanting of the valour of Englishmen, in 
 came il/ierj marchinsr in her mans attire : even as shee entered in 
 at the doore. This, Sir Thomas Moore (quoth Sir lames) is that 
 English Gentleman, whose prowesse I so highly commend, and 
 to whom in all valour I account my selfe so infcriour. And Sir, 
 quoth shee, pulling off her Hat, and her haire falling about her 
 eares, hee that so hurt him to day, is none other but Long Meg of 
 Westminster, and so you are all welcome. At this all the com- 
 pany fell in a great laughing, and Sir lames was amazed, that a 
 woman sliould so wap him in a whinyard : well, hee as the rest 
 was faine to laugh at the matter, and all that supper time to wait 
 on her trencher, who had leave of her Mistris, that shee might 
 be master of the feast : where with a good laughter they made 
 good cheere. Sir lames playing the proper Page, and Meg sitting 
 in her JNIaiesty. Thus was Sir lames disgraced for his loue, and 
 Meg after counted for a proper woman. 
 
 THE FIFTH CHAPTER. 
 
 Containing the courtesie shee nsed towards Souldiers, and other men 
 that carried sood minds. 
 
 THERE resorted to the house where Aft'i^ was resident, all 
 sorts of people, and the more for to see her, insomuch that 
 slice was famoiii-cd amongst all estates, both rich and poorc, but
 
 10 THE LIFE AND PRANKS OF 
 
 chiefly of them which wanted or were in distresse, for whatsoever 
 shee got of the rich (as her gettings were great) shee bestowed it 
 liberally on them that had need : there was no poore neighbour 
 dwelling nigh, whom shee would not releeue : and if shee had 
 scene one come in, that looked like a man, and was in distresse, 
 if hee called for a pot of Beere, and had no more money in his 
 purse than would pay for his pot, shee would straight of her owne 
 accord, set before him Bread and Beefe : and if the man sayd hee 
 wanted money, eate knaue (quoth shee) for they must eate that 
 are hungry, and they must pay that haue money: And when he 
 had done, shee would giue him pence in his purse, and so let him 
 goe : for this cause was she generally loued of all good fellowes 
 about the City. On a day there came a poore Souldiour to the 
 house, that was in great distresse, simply attired, and worse 
 maimed, and sitting him downe, called for a pot of Beere, and 
 with that fetcht a great sigh. How now man quoth Meg ? what 
 cheere? faint not, after a deare yeere comes a cheape, an ounce 
 of care pa^^es not a drarame of debt: bee merry and fall to some 
 service, for such idle slaues as thou art, are moathes of the Com- 
 mon-wealth, that take no other delight but to live of the sweat of 
 other mens browes. Thou art big enough, and God hath done 
 his part in thee, a man proper enough, and now for to liue in this 
 distresse ? if I were a man, by Cockes bones I would rather with 
 my sword teare money out of the peasants throats, than liue in 
 this want: but see the slavish and base humors of Cowards, that 
 for feare live in misery. 
 
 Oh j\Ieg (quoth hee) you may say what you please, because 
 vou are a woman, but divers in the City haue knowne mee, and 
 scene the day when I lived like a man; but falling into extreame 
 sicknesse, so lost my seruicc, and now beeing recovered of my 
 health, because I am poore, I cannot get entertainement : and 
 for to pickc a pocket, to iilch any thing out of a house, or to 
 stcale a sheete from the hedge, or to rob any poore Man, Women, 
 or Children as they travel, 1 hold it in scorne, and had rather bee 
 famisht, than incune such base discredite. Marry, now that dis- 
 tresse wrings mee, though I have bcene true all my life, yet if I 
 iiad a good sword, and a good Horse, perhaps 1 should bee so
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 11 
 
 bold as talkewith a purse. Thou (quoth Meg) trust mee I thinke 
 thou darst not looke on a Sword.? If thou darst, wilt earne a 
 brace of Angels? 1 will lend thee a Sword and Buckler, goe thy 
 wayes into Tuttlefieldes, and walke there, and when thou seest a 
 Servingman, a tall knave, with a blew Coat, and a white sattin 
 doublet to passe by, pick some quarrel with him, and well be- 
 swinge him, and I will beside, giue thee a new suit of apparell. 
 It is a match quoth the fellow, and after hee had drunke liis pot 
 off, shee gave hira his tooles and sent him packing, and straight 
 slipt on a doublet and a paire of hose, and her blew coate, tooke 
 a Sword and Buckler, and downe to Parliament staires, there 
 tooke Boat, as though she had crost the water from Lambeth to 
 the Fields. She was no sooner on land, and walking towards 
 Chelsey, but the fellow spied her, and crost the way, and began 
 to give some crosse language, whereupon together they went by 
 theeares: 3Ieg loath to hurt, was almost put to her shifts, for 
 hee being a marvelous tall fellow, and one that feared not his 
 flesh, layd on such a load, that Meg was faine to bid him stay his 
 hand, and to discover her selfe who she was. Then home they 
 went together, and straight she gave him a faire suit of apparell, 
 a good sword and money in his purse, and bad him be a true 
 man, and get him a service, and when that money was spent, 
 come to her for more. 
 
 THE SIXTH CHAPTER. 
 
 Containing hozo she used the Baili/ of Westminster, that came into 
 her Mistresses house, and arrested one of her friends. 
 
 ON a time it so fell out that a Gentlemen whom Meg much 
 favoured for his courteous and honest conditions, was sitting 
 drinking in the house, being a man that was greatly indebted; 
 and his creditor having intelligence where he was, went to the 
 Bayly and desired him to arrest him, but when hee told the Baily 
 where he was, hee was very loath, yet for that hee promised him 
 forty shillings, hee undertooke the matter, and away he went with 
 his proccsse : And comming into the place where he sate, cal'd 
 
 c '2
 
 12 THE LIFE AND PRANKS OF 
 
 for a pot of Bee re ; after he had sitten a little, he slept to the 
 Gentleman and arrested him, and desired the rest of the com- 
 pany in the Kings name to see the peace kept. 
 
 The Gentleman at this lookt as pale as ashes, and Meg 
 comming in, askt what's the matter? Oh Meg (quoth he) and 
 fetcht a great sigh, I am arrested and alas utterly undone : for 
 if I go to prison, I shall have so many actions clapt on my back, 
 as I shall never be able to come out. Arrested (qd Meg) what in 
 our house r Why Master Bail}' is this a neighbourly part, to 
 come into our house and arrest our guests ? Well, 'tis done and 
 past, and therefore pUy the good fLllow, take an angel quoth 
 shee and see him not, here be none that be blabbes, hold thy hand 
 here's the money, man, He pay it for the Gentleman my selfe. 
 No quoth the Bayly, I cannot doe it, for the Creditor stands at 
 the doore. Bid him come in quoth Meg, and we will see if we 
 can take up the matter. So the Creditor came in, but was found 
 very obstinate. Whereupon Meg made no more adoe, but rapt 
 him on the pate with a quart pot, and bad him get him out of 
 doores, for knave quoth shee, he can but go to prison, and that is 
 the worst, and there he shall not lie long, if all the friends 1 have 
 will serve to fetch him out. 
 
 The man went away with a good knocke, and then the Baily 
 would have bin gone with his prisoner. Nay quoth Meg, lie 
 fetch a fresh pot to drinke with my friend, and then fare you well : 
 presently she came into the parlour againe, and brings a great 
 Rope in her hand, and knitting her brovves : sir knave quoth she. 
 He leanie thee whilest thou livest to arrest a man in our house. 
 By gogs bloud you villaine, lie make you a spectacle for all such 
 Catchpoules; and with that slice fell upon him, and with the 
 lielpe of another Mayd, tyed the Rope fast about his middle : 
 then quoth she to the Gentleman, away sir, shift for your selfe, 
 take no care. He pay the Baily his fees before he and I part. 
 Away blijjt the Gentleman, as glad as a man might be. Then she 
 dragged the Baily into a backside where was a great Pond, and 
 setting liiui to one side, she went to the other, and bade the Baily 
 either wade thorow the Pond, or else she would draggc biir 
 thorow. VV hereupon the poore Baily was faine up to the chii
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. If 
 
 to go thorow the water ; and when he was on the one side, she 
 ran on the other, till she made him goe thorow fiue or six times : 
 then assoone as he was come out, Now Master Baily (quoth she) 
 He pay you your Fees, and so up with a holly Cudgell, and did 
 ribroast him, that he lay for almost dead : when she had done, 
 shee bade him beware and alwaies know, that their house was a 
 Sanctuary for any Gentleman, and not a place for Bailies and 
 Catclipoules. 
 
 The poore Bayly went thence well beaten and with his mends 
 in his hands : for shee was so generally well beloved, that none 
 durst meddle with her. 
 
 THE SEVENTH CHAPTER. 
 
 Containing how she used Woolner the singing man of JVindso?-, 
 
 that was the great eater, and how she made 
 
 him pay for his breakefast. 
 
 A COMPANY of pleasant Gentlemen, that thought to bee 
 merry with long Meg, went and got one Woolner, a singing 
 man of Windsor, that w as a great trencher man, and would eate 
 more at once then five or six men : him they made privy to their 
 conceit, and hee being a mad companion, was as willing as the 
 rest, and so they agreed, that when the meat stood on the boord 
 ready for guests to come to dinner, Woolner should aske what he 
 should pay to breake his fast, for that his businesse was great, and 
 he could not larry till others came in : so hee resolved and went 
 to the house where Meg dwelt : The Gentlemen before were 
 come in, and in a roome hard by, were set at breakefast, looking 
 when Woolner should come in: At last came in Woolner \s'\i\\ a great 
 stuffe in his hand, as though he had beene a traveller. 
 
 Hoe Hostesse quoth he, is there any mcate for men ? I that 
 there is quoth Meg, looke man the table is full, we tarry but 
 for guests, and they will bee here presently: what shall I give 
 you quoth Woolner, because I cannot stay, to eate my breake- 
 fast r Six-pence, quoth Mtg, eate and spare not whiles th} 
 belly cracke. ^'ou shall have it quoth Woolner, with that he sa
 
 14 THE LIFE AND PRANKES OF 
 
 him downe, and she fetcht him drinke, having businesse other 
 where, came not to him almost in an hovvers space: In which 
 time Woolner had eaten up all the meat; as much as would have 
 served ten men; with tliat taking his staffe in his hand, came out, 
 and called for his hostesse: I thanke you quoth he, here is six 
 pence, and so fare you well. 
 
 Much good doe it you quoth shee, and going in to see what 
 hee had eaten, found nothing of all her meate but the bare bones, 
 and cleane Platters: with that shee whipt out againe, and as hee 
 was going out of doore, tooke him by the cloake and puld him 
 backe : Friend quoth she, you should be sicke by your stomache, 
 need you not a little Aqua-vita'^ Sirra thou hast eaten up all 
 the meate. I that I haue quoth he, and if I haue pocketted up 
 any crumme but in my bellie. He giue thee ten pound for it. 
 And shall I have but sixe pence for all quoth shee, there being 
 so much as would haue scrued ten men? No quoth Woolner, 
 not a farthing more of me, for I agreed with thee for so much 
 and so much thou hast, and more thou shalt not haue. Then 
 quoth she sit still, and see how honestly I will deale with thee : 
 Shee went into the Larder, and filled all the boord againe with 
 good meat, and at every messe set a pottle of Wine, and at the 
 boords end laid a good pike stafFe. 
 
 Now fellow quoth shee, of three things choose one: seeing 
 thou hast eaten so much meat for thine owne pleasure, eate this 
 for mine, and so drinke off all the \A^ine and pay nothing: or else 
 take that staffe and haue a bout with me for thy brakefast, hee 
 that gives the first three Venies scape free: Or lasti}^, faire and 
 orderly pull forth your purse, and pay me for my victuals: If 
 you will doe none of these three, by Heavens maker, wert thou a 
 devill (as I think thee little better by thy belly) I would bumbaste 
 thee till thy bones cracke, or mine amies be weary. 
 
 I will do none of them quoth Woohier, I haue paid you what 
 I promised, and so farewell : and quoth shee you shall haue what 
 I promised, and so fare you well : with that she shut the Parlour 
 doore, and with a cudgel began to labour him, insomuch that he 
 cryed out, and the Gentlemen hearing, burst in, and in a merry 
 mood told her all, and paid for the breakcfast, and so made them 
 fVieiuls.
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 15 
 
 THE EIGHT CHAPTER. 
 
 Containing a merry Test, hozo shee met a Nobleman, and how she 
 vsed both him a?id the watch. 
 
 IT chanced in an Evening, that Meg would needs be pleasant, 
 and so put on a suit of mans apparell, and with her Sword and 
 Buckler walkt the streets, looking how shee might find some 
 means to be merry : the same night it so fell out, that a Noble- 
 man, being a very wagg, would needs go abroad with one man to 
 see fashions : and comming downe the Strand he spied Meg, and 
 seeing such a tall fellow swinging vp and downe, thought to 
 liaue a cast at him, and came lo him. How now fellow (quoth he) 
 whither walke'st? Marry quoth Meg, to S. Nicholas shambles 
 to buy calues heads. How much monie, quoth the Nobleman, 
 hast in thy purse? In faith quoth Meg, little enough: wilt lend 
 me any? I marry, quoth the Nobleman, and putting his thumbe 
 to Megs mouth, said, that's a tester. Meg with that up with her 
 fist, and tooke him a good box on the eare, and sayd, there sir 
 knave, there is a groat againe, and now I owe you but two pence. 
 With that the Nobleman drew, and his man too, and Meg was 
 as ready as they, and together they go, but Meg hous'd them both 
 into a Chandlers shop ; so the Constable rose to part the fray ; 
 and when he came in and asked what they were, the Nobleman 
 told his name, wherat ihey all put off their Caps. And what is 
 your name qd. the Constable to Meg? Mine, master Constable, 
 quoth shee, is Cutbert Curry-knuve. Upon this the Constable 
 commanded to lay hold upon her, and to carry her to the Counter. 
 Meg out with htr sword, and set upon the watch, and behaved 
 her self very resolutely: but the Constable called for clubs, and 
 then was Meg faine to cry out : Masters hold your hands, 1 am 
 Long Meg of He.stmin.i/er. W^ith that tluy all staid, and the 
 Nobleman would needs have her, the Constable, and all the rest 
 in a Taverne, and there ended the fray in a cup of Wine.
 
 l6 THE LIFE AND PRANKES OF 
 
 CHAP. IX. 
 
 Containiug how Meg went a shroihig, and as shee came home how 
 
 she fought with the Theeues at S. lames corner, and helpt Father 
 
 Willis the Carrier to his hundred Markes azain. 
 
 WHEN Shroue-tuesday was come, then maides must abroad 
 with Young men for Fritters ; Meg with two more of 
 her companions, and Harry the Ostler of the house would needs 
 to Knights-bridge a Shroving, where they had good cheere, and 
 payed frankly : for Meg would make euery man drinke that she 
 saw passe by : and seeing ihat day, came but once a yeere, she 
 thought to lay it on, and spare for no cost. Well, the day slipt 
 away, and night came on before they were aware, that they payd 
 what they ought, and took their leaue to depart. 
 
 Father Willis the Carrier that brought Meg vp to London, 
 and had been thereaway to take money, and had received an hun- 
 dred Markes; and for the next day he must out of Towne, he 
 would that night needs to Westminster to see Long Meg. Hee 
 and his man trudge downe apace, and as they came just against 
 Saint lames corner, there were they met by two tall fellowes, and 
 rifled of all they had, their money taken from them, and they 
 throwne bound in a ditch. When they had this coyne, saith the 
 one, Now let vs be gone. Nay by the Masse, quoth the other, 
 we have sped well, and seeing wee haue so good hansell, wee'll 
 haue one fling more whatsoeuer fall out. As thus they stood talk- 
 ing, they spyed Long Meg, and her companions : yonder are three 
 wenches, quoth he, will yeeld vs something, and a tall squire that 
 goes with them ; lye that we be not spied. As Meg was comming 
 downe, shee sayd to the two other Maides, Come set the better 
 foot afore, 'lis late, and our Mistresse will think much we tarry so 
 long. Lord blesse vs and send vs well home, quoth the other, 
 for this is a dangerous corner. I haue heard them say, that 
 Theeues lye heere and rob men as they passe. Theeues, quoth 
 Harry '^ feare not theeves as long as I am in your company, for 
 lie dye before you take any wrong.
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 17 
 
 With that on they went, and as they past by where Father 
 Willis lay, he saw them and cryed out; Alas good Gentlemen 
 and Gentlewomen, helpe a poore man that lies bound here, rob- 
 bed of that he hath. And there let him lye, quoth Harry , for I 
 warrant they are theeues, that counterfeit themselues bound, to 
 haue vs come to them. What man, quoth shee, art afraid? giue 
 niee thy staffe; for by the grace of God I will goe see who it is: 
 and if they be any false knaues, 'tis Shroue-tuesday at night, and 
 I will giue them ribroast for a farewell to flesh : with that she 
 tooke Harries stafFe, and forward she went, and when shee came 
 at them, Father Willis knew her, and cried out, Ah good Meg, 
 helpe to vnbinde mee, for I am vndone, and almost kild. Why 
 what art thou ? I am, quoth hee, Willis the Carrier, who brought 
 you vp to London. Alas poore man quoth shee, and so she vn- 
 loosed him, and questioned with him how the matter fell out? He 
 told her all, that comming to see her he was rob'd. She bade 
 him be of good cheare, and take no care, for she would do her 
 best towards his losses. And as they were walking homeward, 
 one of the theeues with a good sword and buckler stept before, 
 and said. Stand. Stand, quotli Meg, what meane you by that? 
 Marry, quoth hee, Gentlemen, 'tis hot weather, and you must goe 
 lighter home by your govvnes and purses. You looke not with 
 the face, quoth Meg, as though you would hurt women. As thus 
 they were talking together, Harry, Father Willis and his man, 
 ran away and hid themselues, and the two wenches stood quaking 
 for feare, and presently put off their gownes and their purses. 
 Dispatch, quoth one of the theeues, and off with your gowne, and 
 so fare you well. It shall be done sir, quoth shee. As soone as 
 Meg had stript her into her petticoate, and was light and nimble, 
 she stept to her stafte, and stretching her sclfc, said : Sirs, this is 
 the matter, you tooke euen now a hundred Markes from a poore 
 Carrier, now you rascals I am come to claime it, and I will haue 
 it euery penny ere I passe, or [ will kaue my carkasse here for a 
 pawne. Shee is a good Wench [ warrant her, quoth one of the 
 Theeues ; and therefore for thy sake take vp your gownes and 
 your pursues, and farewell, and p;ay for good fellowcs. Nay, 
 you cowardly knaues, (juoth she, we must not part so. I must 
 
 1)
 
 18 THE LIFE AND PRANKS OF 
 
 haue a hundred Markes out of your flesh ; and therefore play me 
 this faire play : you are two to one, lay ine downe the hundred 
 Markes to our gownes and our purses, and they that win all weare 
 all, I or you. Content, quoth the theeues, and because thou art 
 so lusty, when we haue well beswindged thee, wee'll turne thee 
 into thy smocke, and let thee goe home naked. Doe 3'our worst, 
 quoth she : now lasses pray for me : With that she buckled with 
 these two sturdy knaues, and hurt the one sore, and beat downe 
 the other, that they intreated her vpon their knees to spare their 
 Hues. I will villaines, quoth she, vpon Condition. Any condition 
 Mistresse, quoth they whatsoeuer. Marry then, quoth she, the 
 conditions shall be these: 
 
 1 First, that you neuer hurt woman, nor company that any 
 
 woman is in. 
 
 2 Iterriy that you hurt no poore man, or impotent man. 
 
 3 Item, that you rob no children nor innocents. 
 
 4 Item, that you rob no Pack-men nor Carriers : for their 
 
 goods nor money is none of their owne. 
 d Zfew, no manner of distressed persons: but of this I grant 
 
 you exceptions, that for euery rich Farmer and country 
 
 chuffe that hoord vp money, and lets the poore want, such 
 
 spare not, but let them feele your fingers. 
 How say you, quoth she, are you content to agree to these 
 conditions ? We are, quoth they. 1 haue no bookes about me, 
 quoth she : but because you shall obserue your oath firme and 
 without wauering, sweare on the skirt of my smocke. Although 
 it grieued them to be thus disgraced, yet feare made them grant 
 to any thing : and taking her smocke, they layd their hands on it, 
 and said thus : 
 
 Be we leefe or be we loath, 
 
 By the skirt of your smocke, we will neuer breake our oath. 
 
 With that they kist her smocke, and rose up. And Meg shee 
 gaue the wenches their gownes and their purses, and tooke the 
 hundred Markes vp vnder her arme, bade them farewell. 
 
 The men desiring to know who it was that had so lustily be- 
 swinged them, said : nay Mistresse for all this sorrow, let vs haue
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. IQ 
 
 SO much fauour at your hands, as to tell your Dame. She smiled 
 and made them this answere : 
 
 If any aske you, who curried your bones? 
 
 Say, Long Meg of Westminster met with you once. 
 
 And with that shee went away; and they full of griefe that a 
 woman had giuen them a foyle. 
 
 CHAP. X. 
 
 Containing how Harry the Oastler was prest, how she vsed the 
 
 Constable and Captaine, and how she tooke presse- 
 
 money to goe to Bulloigne. 
 
 IN these daies while Meg flourisht, and was famous thorow 
 England for her doughty deeds : there fell out great strife 
 between the French King and Henry King of England : where- 
 upon he resolued to leuie an Army of men, with a mighty Fleet 
 to passe into France ; vpon which there was a general presse 
 through England, and especially about London and Westminster, 
 because the King would leaue the borders of his Land strong. 
 In this hurly burly it so fell out, that the Constable of West- 
 minster pressed Harry the Ostler, that was servant with Long 
 Meg; who being very loth to goe, dealt so with Meg, that shee 
 began to intreat the Constable, and to tell him that he was the 
 only stay of his Mistresses house : and if that he were prest forth, 
 his Mistresse were vndone. 
 
 All this could not persuade the Constable, but Harry must 
 needs goe. Whereupon Meg said he should n(;t goe. And so 
 they grew at words, till Meg lent the Constable a box on the 
 eare. And with that all the street was on an vproare, that the 
 Constable was beaten for pressing of a man. The Captaine hear- 
 ing ihis, came downe himselfe, and askt who had strucke the 
 Constable? Marry, quoth Meg, that haue I; and were it not 
 that I reuerence all Souldiers, and honour Captaines, I would
 
 20 THE LIFE AND PRANKS OF 
 
 Strike thee too, if thou didst offer to presse our man. At this the 
 Captaine smiled. Nay, neuer laugh, quoth Meg^ for I dare doe 
 as much as any of thy Troope, either aduancing my Colours, 
 tossing of a Pike, or discharging of a Peece : for proofe, quoth 
 shee, (and shee snatcht a Caliuer out of ones hand that stood by) 
 see how well I can both charge and discharge; which shee per- 
 formed with such nimblenesse and actiuitie, that they all wondred 
 at her : and therefore Captaine, quoth shee, presse not our man ; 
 but if thou wilt needs haue one of euery house, giue me presse- 
 money, and I will goe under thy Colours. At this they all laught, 
 and the Captaine drew his purse and gaue her an Angell. Where- 
 upon according to her promise, shee made prouision for her pas- 
 sage, and went with him to Bulloigne. 
 
 CHAP. XI. 
 
 Containing how she beat the French-men from the walls of Bulloigne, 
 
 and behaued her self so valiantly y that the King gaue 
 
 her eight pence a day for her life. 
 
 AFTER the KING had passed over the Sea, and had entered 
 vp into France with a strong power, hee encamped before 
 Bulloigne, and then first wonne Bulloigne, and the Oldeman, so 
 that he tooke the Towne wholly in possession, and plac'd a gar- 
 rison in it. The Dolphin of France vpon this caine downe with 
 a great power, and lay before Bulloigne; and vpon one night 
 taking aduantage of the time, hec slew one of the Sentinels, and 
 came to the walls, where he was discouered by the Watch, who 
 straight rung alarum: but they in the Towne wearied with long 
 waking, were in a dead sleepe, so that they made little haste. 
 Meg being then a Landresse in the Towne, and vp late at worke, 
 stept vp, and called vp the rest of the women, and with a hal- 
 bert in her hands, came to the walls, vpon which some of the 
 French were entred, and there shee layd on loade, and caused 
 lier women souldiers to throw downe stones and scalding water
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 21 
 
 in such abundance, that maugre their teeth shee rebatted them 
 from the vvals, before the Souldiers in the towne were up in 
 armes; and at the issue was one of the formost with her Halbert 
 to follow the chase. 
 
 The report of this valiant deed being come to the eares of the 
 King, he for her life time gaue her eight pence a day. 
 
 CHAP. XII. 
 
 Containing the comhate shee had with a French-man before the 
 
 walls of Bulloigne, and what was the issue of 
 
 the combat. 
 
 WHILE the Dolphins army lay in view before Bulloigne, 
 there was a French-man that sundry times would as on 
 a brauery come wiihin shot and tosse his Pike, and so goe his 
 way. Long Meg seeing the pride of this French-man, desired 
 that a Drum might be sent, to signifie that there was a common 
 Souldier, a young stripling, that would at the push of the pike 
 try a vcny with their Champion. Upon this it was agreed, and 
 a place appointed between both armies where they should meet, 
 and fight it out to the death. The day came, the French-man 
 all in a jollity came and tost his Pike before the Walles. With 
 that Meg was ready, and went out and met him, and without 
 any salutations they fell to blowes, where there was a long and 
 dangerous Combate: but at last Meg ouerthrew him, and layd 
 him along; when she had done, she puld out her Symeter and 
 cut off his head : and with that pulling off her Burganet, shee 
 let her haire fall about her eares; whereby the French-men 
 perceiued she was a woman : and thereupon the English without 
 Bulloigne gave a great shout ; and Meg by a Drumme sent the 
 Dolphin his Souldiers head, and said, an English Woman sent 
 it him. Whereupon he commeiuled hir much, and sent her an 
 hundred Crownes for her valour.
 
 22 THE LIFE AND PRANKS OF 
 
 CHAP. XIII. 
 
 Containing her comming into England, how she was married, and 
 how she bthaued herself e to her husband. 
 
 WHEN the warres were ended in France, Meg came home 
 to her old place of residence to Westminster, where shee 
 was married to a proper tall man, and a Souldier, who vsed her 
 very well, and shee returned him as great obedience, coueting 
 any way that shee might to breed his content : which hee per- 
 ceiuing, loued her passing well ; yet for that he had heard sun- 
 dry of her exploits that shee had done, and how mankind she 
 was, on a time he sought to pick a quarrell and fall out with her, 
 and calling her aside vnto a backe chamber, stript her into her 
 petticoate, and there deliuered her one staflTe, and tooke himselfe 
 another, and told her, that for that hee had heard shee was so 
 mankind as to beat all shee met withall, he would try her man- 
 hood, and therefore bade her take which cudgell she would. She 
 replied nothing, but held downe her head. And with that hee 
 layd her on three or foure blowes. And shee in all submission 
 fell downe vpon her knees, desiring him to hold his hands and 
 to pardon her. Why, quoth he, why take you not the sticke and 
 strike? Husband, quoth she, whatsoeuer I haue done to others, 
 it behooueth me to bee obedient towards you; and neuer shall 
 it be said, though I can swindge a Knaue that wrongs me, that 
 Long Meg shall be her Husbands master : and therefore vse me 
 as you please. At these words they grew friends, and neuer after 
 fell they at such mortall jarre. 
 
 CHAP. XIV. 
 
 Containing a pleasant jest, how she vsed the angry Miller of 
 Epping 171 Essex. 
 
 MEG going one day with sundry of her neighbours to make 
 merry in Essex all a foot, because the weather was coole, 
 and it was a great Frost, and none with them but a young strip-
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 23 
 
 ling of some foureteene yeeres oici, for their husbands about 
 biisinesse were gone another way ; it chanced that they went by 
 Epping Mill, where the Miller was looking out, for the wind blew 
 faire, and the Sailes went merrily. The little boy, that was a 
 wag, thought to be merry with the IVIiller, and therefore called 
 to him, Miller put out, put out Miller. What shall I put out 
 boy, quoth the Miller? Marry, quoth the boy, a theeues head, 
 and a theeues pair of eares, put out Miller, put out. At this 
 the Miller in great rage came running downe and beat the boy. 
 Meg stept to him and would haue stayed his hand ; and the 
 Miller lent her three or foure good bangs ou^r the shoulder. 
 Meg felt it smart, and shee got within the Miller, wroong the 
 sticke out of his hand, and beswinged him well: and when she 
 had done sent the boy up for an empty sacke, and put the Miller 
 in all but the head, and then tying him in the rope wherewith 
 they puld vp sackes, hal'd him halfe way, and there let him hang. 
 Where the poore Miller cried out for helpe, and if his wife had 
 not beene comming, himselfe had beene almost kil'd, and the 
 Mill for want of corne set on fire. Thus Meg plagued the sawcie 
 Miller of Epping. 
 
 CHAP. XV. 
 
 Containing the mad prank shee played nilh a IVater-man of 
 
 Lambeth. 
 
 LONG Meg on a time had occasion to crosse the water with 
 a Sculler from Westminster: when shee was landed, frankly 
 she drew her purse and gaue him a gro;it: as sIk; was going vp 
 the staires (for all she had dealt so liberally with liiin) he began 
 to hum: which slie hearing, came backc againe, and (|uestioned 
 which of them all she had behaued her self so ill viito, as to de- 
 serve a hum at their hands.'' Every man excused hirnselfe, and 
 seemed verry sorry; for she was well beloued of ;ill the Water- 
 men : but at last one said flat, it was he that brought her ouer. 
 Then Gentlemen, quoth she, give me leaue to reuenge my owne 
 wrong. Doe what you will, quoth they. 'I'lict) she stept sireighi
 
 24 THE LIFE AND PRANKS OF 
 
 to him that brought her ouer, and with a stretcher beat hira 
 while he was not able to stirre him : after by the middle she tyed 
 liim to the sterne of the Boat with a great rope, and then taking 
 the sculls her selfe, rowed him over at the boats arse, and so crost 
 the water once or twice; and when she had well washt him, she 
 landed him at Westminster, and bade him remember how he 
 misused an}' honest face, and taking a piece of chalke, wrote on 
 the wall hard by the staires ; 
 
 If any man aske who brought this to passe. 
 Say it was done by a Lancashire Lasse. 
 
 CHAP. XV. 
 
 Containing how she kept a house at Islington, and tihat lawes she 
 had there to be obserued. 
 
 AFTER her marriage shee kept a house of her owne, and 
 lodging and victuals for Gentlemen and Yeomen, such and 
 so good, as there was none better in all Islington, for there then 
 shee dwelt. Now for that oftentimes there resorted Gentlewomen 
 thither, and diuers braue Courtiers and other men of meaner de- 
 gree, her house was spoken of: and on a time the Constable 
 came to search, and would not bee answered what guests she 
 had, but needs would be an eye-witnesse. Whereupon Meg in 
 a great choller started vp in her smocke, and taking a strong cud- 
 gell in her hand, opened the doore for the Constable. Come in, 
 master Constable, quoth she, and let me see your warrant, what 
 suspected persons vou seeke for in my house, take heed you goe 
 not an inch beyond your text, for if you doe, were you a Con- 
 stable of Velvet, I will as well beswindge you as any Constable 
 was beswindged since Islington stood; and wlien you haue done, 
 you carry none out of my house to night, for 1 will be answerable 
 lor all that are resident in my house. Whereupon master Con- 
 stable seeing the frownes of Megs face, and the fearefull Basti- 
 nado, told her quietly, he would take her word, and so departed.
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 25 
 
 Meg because shee would haue a tricke aboue all others in her 
 house, as indeed shee surpassed all other victualers in excesse of 
 company : for she refused none of what estate or condition so- 
 euer; so she hanged vp this Table in her house, wherein were 
 contained these principles : 
 
 1 Imprimis, That what Gentleman or Yeoman came into her 
 house, and had any charge about him, and made it priuy to her 
 or any of her house, if he lost it by any default, shee would re- 
 pay it him ere he past : but if he did not reueale it, and after said 
 he was rob'd, he should have ten Bastinadoes with a cudgel, and 
 be turned out of doores. 
 
 2 Item, Whosoeuer came in and cald for meat, and had no 
 money to pay, should haue a good box on the eare, and a crosse 
 made vpon his backe, that he should neuer be suffered to drink 
 more in the house. 
 
 3 Item, That if any good fellow came in and bewailed his 
 case, that hee was hungry and wanted money, he should haue his 
 belly full of meat on free cost, and money in his purse, according 
 to his calling. 
 
 4 Item, That if any Ruffler came in, and made an Alehouse- 
 brawle, and when he had done, would not manfully goe into the 
 field and fight a bout or two with Long Meg, the Maides of the 
 house should drie beat him, and so thrust him out of doores. 
 
 These and many such principles had she set vp in her house, 
 that made her house quiet. 
 
 CHAP. XVII. 
 
 Containing how she vsed lames Dickins, that rms called huf- 
 Jing Dicke. 
 
 ONCE it chanced that Meg was making her selfe readie to go 
 to dinner with certaine of her iViends at the Bell in Alders- 
 gate street, amongst the which was Sir lames Withrington, an old 
 acquaintance of hers: and in the meanc time while she was 
 making her selfe ready, came in this huffing Dicke, that had 
 made a vow to cjuarrell with Long Meg, and cal'd for Ale. The 
 
 E
 
 6 THE LIFE AND PRANKES OF 
 
 W"ench brought him a pot. And he straight in a brauery swore 
 gogs wounds whore, what a pot is this that thou giuest me ? 
 and threw it against the wall. Tiie wench began to scold with 
 him for breaking her pot. And hee vp with his sword, scab- 
 berd and all, and beate her so, that the girle cryed out. And 
 she being aboue, and hearing that noise, came running downe, 
 and askt what is the matter? The poore wench cryed, and told 
 her all. Sir, quoth she, very mildely, what is the reason you 
 breake my pots, and then beat my seruants r Why, quoth 
 Dicke, if thou mislikest it, mend it if thou canst. Marry, quoth 
 she, I will ; and with that reatcht downe a Pike staffe, and bade 
 him follow. Out went swearing Dicke, all in his huffes with 
 Meg into a close hard by ; and together they goe : where Meg 
 so beat him, that she had almost kil'd him. Oh hold thy hands, 
 quoth hee, and spare my life. Then the Deuili take me, quoth 
 shee : for the King hath granted me a pardon for one man; 
 and hang me if it be not thou, vnlesse thou wilt grant me one 
 condition, and that is this : Thou shalt put my Maides Petti- 
 cotes on, and follow me to day to dinner with a Sword and a 
 Buckler ; and I will be drest in mans apparell. Rather kill me, 
 quoth the fellow. Marry content, quoth Meg, and began to lay 
 sorer bats vpon him. 
 
 Alas, quoth hee, hold your hands, and I will doe whatsoeuer 
 you will haue me. Upon this she let him goe, and carried him 
 home with her, and drest him full womanlike. Well bodied 
 he was, but hee had a long beard, to couer which, on his knees 
 he craned he might haue a muffler to shadow it; at last she 
 granted it: and hauing drest her selfe in mans attire, tooke a 
 Forest bill on her nccke, and forward they went downe to Smith- 
 field. Euery one that saw the wench carry the Sword and 
 buckler, laught, that a multitude of people, of men, women, and 
 boyes followed. When they were right against the Buls-head 
 at tlie Barres, a crue of cutters that knew long Meg, met her, 
 and askt her how she did, and what quarrel shee had in hand, 
 that her selfe wore a Forest bill, and her Maid a sword and 
 buckler? Faith, quoth Meg, a little broyle, and my Boy was 
 not at home, and so I tooke my Mayd, and shee forsooth must
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 27 
 
 weare a muffler : and with that shee pul'd the clout from his face, 
 and his blacke beard was scene. AW the crue straight knew him, 
 and began to fall into a great laughter, demanding the reason 
 of this strange chance. Meg told them all what had hapned : 
 whereupon Dicke would not follow any further. By gogs bloud 
 knave, quoth shee, goe to dinner with mee, or I will cut off 
 thy legs with my Forest bill. So poore Dicke was fain to trudge; 
 and in she came and shewed Sir lames JVithrington what a pro- 
 per Page shee had got. Hee and the rest of the guests laught 
 heartily at the matter; and full mannerly did he waite upon 
 her trencher all dinnertime: and when dinner was done, shee 
 called him to her, and said ; Now sirrah I discharge you my 
 seruice, and cashiere you for a brawling Knave; yet for that you 
 shall not say you served an ill Mistresse, hold, there is forty 
 shillings for thy labour to buy thee a new suit of upparell. Dicke 
 took the mony, and for very shame went out of London, and was 
 neuer scene within the City after. 
 
 CHAP. XVIII. 
 
 Containing how she was sicke, and visited by a Frier, zDho enjoyned 
 
 her pennance ; and zchat absolution she gaue him 
 
 after for his paines. 
 
 IN Queene Maries dayes, when Friers and Monks began againe 
 to shew themselues, it chanced Meg fell sicke of a grievous 
 sickenesse, as such grosse bodies are commonly pinched with 
 sorest paines, when they once fall into any infirmity. The 
 disease hauing more matter to worke vpon in a fat body than a 
 leane : an instance of this principle was Meg, for slice lay so 
 mortally sicke, that the Physicians gaue her oucr : yet at last 
 her Criticall day came, wherein triall of her health should bee 
 had to see whether Nature or disease were strongest. Nature 
 had the supremacy, and Meg began to amend, insomuch that 
 shee could sit vpright in her bed. On a day when shee was 
 prownc more strong, it chanced that Frier Oliuer who was one
 
 28 THE LIFE AND PRANKS OF 
 
 of the morrow Masse Priests, called to remembrance that Meg 
 was sicke : whereupon taking his Portuce by his side^ hee 
 thought to fetch some spending money from her, and vvalkt to 
 her house, where he came very grauely ; and at that instant were 
 diners of her neighbours come to see how she did. As they 
 were talking, word was brought to Meg that Frier Oliver was 
 there with his Portuce and his holy water. What, quoth shee, 
 after meat, mustard ; 'tis no matter, bid him come in ; and with 
 that Frier Oliver comes in with Deus hie, and salutes her and all 
 the rest of the Wives, saying, he was very sorry to see Meg 
 sicke; but, quoth he, 'tis the Visitation of the Lord for the 
 great sinnes you haue committed : for Meg, quoth he, you haue 
 beene counted a lewd woman, a swearer, a ruffler, a fighter, and 
 a brawler, as you may see here in your Chamber the signes ; and 
 with that he pointed to the Swords and Bucklers, Pike-staues 
 and Halberls that hung there ; these, quoth he, are tokens of 
 your ill life, and how in your sicknesse you haue not repented 
 you of your former ill life. Many such hard words did Frier 
 Oliuer glue her, and told her that for her offences she must take 
 the pennance of the Church, otherwise, quoth he, I must com- 
 plaine to the Ordinary, and so to the Bishop, and compell you to 
 it by injunction. 
 
 Meg, who fretted at this sawcinesse of the Frier, because her 
 neighbours were there, forbarc him, and demanded what her 
 pennance might be? Marry, quoth Frier Oliuer, because you 
 haue becne a publike offender, you must haue publike pennance; 
 and therefore 1 doc enjoyne you that presently vpon the reco- 
 uery of your health, the next Sunday at Masse you come into 
 the Church, and there kaeele before the Pulpit, and declare to 
 the people the vilenesse of your life; and so shall you then and 
 there before the Parish aske God and the world forgiuenesse. 
 
 At this the very fire seemed to sparkle in Megs eyes for an- 
 ger, but shee concealed it with patience, and intreated Frier 
 Oliuer to be good vnto her and enjoyne her some other punish- 
 ment. The good Wives intreated for her, but all in vaine: for 
 Frier Oliuer swore either she should abide that pennance, or else 
 he would complaine to Bishop Bonner.
 
 LONG MEG OF WESTMINSTER. 29 
 
 Why, quoth Meg, neuer knew I Frier but he was' a good fel- 
 low; is there not a sliit't of descant left for me? 
 
 Faith no, quoth hce, vnlesse thou bestow fiue pound for fiue 
 solemne Masses. Marry Frier, quoth Meg, and that shall thou 
 haue straight, rather than 1 will abide such publike shame : with 
 that shee cal'd her Maid, and bade her fetch twenty English 
 Crownes, which she gaue to the Frier, whose heart leapt at the 
 sight of the golde : hee soone pocketted it vp, and said, that he 
 would say fiue Masses hiniselfe for her soules health. And vpon 
 this 3Ieg and the Frier were agreed. Well, all seemed to the 
 best, and the company began to be merry. Frier 0/iuer hee 
 was blithe and gamesome with the young Wives, and shewed 
 fruits of his life in his outward actions: for a more bawd}' Frier 
 there was not in England, and that knew Meg well enough : 
 but letting that passe, the wvies said that they must be gone, for 
 their houre was come. 
 
 Why, whither goe you, quoth Meg? To a Churching at 
 Chelscy, quoth they. Marry and I will be your man thither, 
 quoth Frier 0/iuer. The wives were glad of the Friers com- 
 pany, and so they tooke their leaues, and left Meg passing me- 
 lancholy at the knauery of the Frier. Well, revenge broyled in 
 her brest, insomuch that she start vp (sicke as she was) and drest 
 her selfe in mans apparell, and in the aftcrnoone hauing a good 
 bat in her hand, walked easily into Tuttlefields to watch the 
 comming home of the Frier: where she had not walked long, but 
 she espied where the Gossips came, man'd only with tiie Frier. 
 And Meg crost the Lees and met them; and at her first salute, 
 greeted the Frier, and said : 0/iiier, i am sent to thte from God, 
 not onely to tell thee of thy sinnc=, but to cnjoyne thee pen- 
 nance for the same. First, as concerning thy offiiiccs, thou 
 liucst not as holy men of the Church should : for thou art a 
 whorcmaster, fieciuenting the company of ligiit and lasciuious 
 women, giuen to couetou^nesse, and i^itting all day hibbiiig at 
 the Ale-house, when iliou sliouldcst bee at thy booko, with a 
 thousand more other offences, which I cannot rehearse; therefore 
 hath the Lord sent thee thy choice, whether thou will from this 
 place be whi[)t naked to the I'riory in W estmin.-^ter, or else [)av
 
 30 THE LIFE AND PRANKES, &C. 
 
 pay twenty Nobles to the poore mens box ; one of these resolve 
 vpon ; for Frier, one thou must doe, and shalt doe, before thou 
 stirre. At this Frier Oliuer was amazed, and could not tell how 
 he should like this sudden greeting, but said. Who or what art 
 thou ? No man, Frier (quoth Meg) but a spirit, sent from God 
 to torment thee. At this the Wives were all afraid : and the 
 Frier sayd, In nomine lesus auoid Satan, and would haue runne 
 his way. In nomine lesus stand F'rier, quoth Meg, and with that 
 she reacht hiin such a rap, that the Frier thought his backe had 
 beene broken : Sirrah, quoth shee, dispatch, either chuse to be 
 whipt from hence to the Doctor, or else pay downe twenty 
 Nobles. Alas quoth the Frier, I haue not twenty Nobles, but 
 here is ten Angels in gold, and foureteene shillings in white 
 money, take that for a satisfaction of mine offences, giue it for 
 my sinnes to the poore. 
 
 Giue it me, quoth Meg. As soone as she fingered the money, 
 she told him, that seeing he wanted some odde money, that his 
 body should pay it: and with that she light vpon the Friers pilch, 
 and beat him so sore, that he trusted better to his feet than his 
 hands, and so ran away. 
 
 The poore Women they were sore agast, but Meg straight 
 
 discouered her selfe. When they saw her face, and knew all, 
 
 their feare was turned to laughter; and away they went to the 
 
 Tauerne, and spent the Friers fourteene shillings in good cheere. 
 
 The newes of this (as Women are good Secretaries) came to the 
 
 eares of all the Friers in Westminster, how Frier 
 
 Oliuer was served, which was such a disgrace 
 
 to hitn, that a long while after he was 
 
 ashamed to shew his face in 
 
 the strcctes. 
 
 FINIS.
 
 THE 
 
 FAMOUS HISTORIE 
 
 jTr^et 38acoti 
 
 CONTAINING 
 THE WONDEIirULL THINGS THAT HE DID IN 
 
 HIS life: also the manner of 
 HIS death; 
 
 WITH TflE LIVES AND DEATHS OF THE TWO CONIURERS, 
 BUNGYE AND VANDERMAST. 
 
 Very pleasant and delightfull to be read. 
 
 nUNTEI) AT LONDON IIY E. A. FOR IRANCIS OROXJE, AND 
 
 AUK TO HJ: sold AT 11 1 S SHOP, AT THE VI'Pl.R-END OF 
 
 SNOW-IIILL, AGAINsr THE SAUAZENS HEAD.
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 It has been more particularly the fate of the earlier 
 authors of great discoveries to be suspected as magicians: 
 the wonder which these discoveries excited, operating 
 upon uncultivated minds in an age of ignorance, naturally 
 led to the conclusion that effects seemingly surpassing 
 mere human powers, were produced by supernatural 
 agency. Hence from the exaggerated accounts of 
 astonished cotemporaries have arisen those popular 
 legends which are attached to the names of some of the 
 brightest luminaries of science, and noblest ornaments 
 of the annals of mankind. Not only philosophers and 
 men of letters, ancient and modern, but even the poet 
 \"irgil, has been made the hero of a similar fiction. 
 
 Roger Bacon, whose light, like that of a most brilliant 
 phasnomcnon, Mas too bright for merely human eyes in 
 that dark age of ignorance, created himself enemies by 
 tlic splendour of his talents, and the popular prejudice 
 was eagerly seized upon, and augmented by the craft 
 and contrivance of the dissolute and ignorant clergy, 
 whose vices he had attacked. Thus arose |be foUowiuu;
 
 fable, which has now for upwards of two centuries 
 amused and astonished " the great vulgar and the small.** 
 The latter impressions have however been much 
 abridged, and it is here printed in all its integrity from 
 an early copy. A drama on the subject from the fertile 
 pen of the unfortunate Robert Green, was printed in 
 1615. 
 
 m
 
 THE 
 
 FAMOUS HISTORIE 
 
 jFrjet Bacon* 
 
 Of the Parents and Birth of Fryer Bacon, and how he addicted 
 himselfe to Learning. 
 
 N most men's opinions he was borne in the 
 West part of England and was sonne to a 
 wealthy Farmer, who put him to Schoole to 
 the Parson of the Tovvne where hee was 
 borne: not with intent that he should turne 
 Fryer (as he did,) but to get so much vnder- 
 standing, that he might manage the better 
 that wealth hee was to leaue him. But young Bacon tooke his 
 learning so fast, that the Priest could not teach him any more, 
 which made him desire his Master that he would speake to his 
 Father to put him to Oxford, that he might not lose that little 
 learning that hee had gained : his Master was very willing so to 
 doe: and one day meeting his Father, told him, that he had 
 receiued a great blessing of God, in that he had giucn him so 
 wise and hopefull a child, as his soiinc Rojjer Bacon was (for so 
 was he named) and wished bin) withal! to doe his duty, and to 
 bring vp so his Child, that hee might shew his thankfulncsse to 
 God, which could not better be done then in making of him a
 
 4 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 Scholier; for he found by his sodaine taking of his learning, 
 that hee was a childe likely to proue a very great Gierke: hereat 
 old Bacoji was not well pleased (for he desired to bring him vp 
 to Plough and to the Cart, as hee himselfe was brought) yet he 
 for reuerence sake to the Priest, shewed not his anger, but kindly 
 thanked him for his paines and counsell, yet desired him not to 
 speake any more concerning that matter ; for hee knew best 
 what best pleased himselfe, and that he would doe: so broke they 
 off their talke, and parted. 
 
 So soone as the old man came home, he called to his Sonne 
 for his bookes, which when he had, he lock'd them vp, and gaue 
 the Boy a Cart whip in the place of them, saying to him : Boy, 
 I will haue you no priest, you shall not be better learned then I, 
 you can tell now by the Almanack when it is best sowing Wheat, 
 when Barly, Pease, and Beane : and when the best libbing is, 
 when to sell Graine and Cattell I will teach thee; for I haue all 
 Faires and Markets as perfit in my memory, as Sir John our 
 Priest has Masse without Booke : take mee this whip, I will 
 teach thee the vse of it, It will be more profitable to thee then this 
 harsh Latin : make no reply, but follow my counsell, or else by 
 the Masse thou shalt feele the smart hand of my anger. Young 
 Bacon thought this but hard dealing, yet would he not reply, but 
 within sixe or eight dayes he gaue his Father the slip, and went 
 to a Cloyster some twenty miles off, where he was entertained, 
 and so continued his Learning, and in small time came to be so 
 famous, that he was sent for to the Uniuersity of Oxford, v.here 
 he long time studied, and grew so excellent in the secrets of Art 
 and jSature, that not England onely, but all Christendome 
 admired him.
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 5 
 
 How the King sent for Fryer Bacon, and of the wonder full things 
 he shewed the King and Queene. 
 
 THE King being in Oxfordshire, at a Noblemans house, was 
 very desirous to see this famous Fryer, for he had heard 
 many times of his wondrous things that he had done by his Art: 
 therefore hee sent one for him to desire him to come to the Court. 
 Fryer Bacon kindly thanked the King by the Messenger, and 
 said, that he was at the Kings seruice, and would suddenly attend 
 him : but Sir, saith he (to the Gentleman) I pray make you haste, 
 or else I shall be two houres before you at the Court. For all 
 your Learning (answered the Gentleman) I can hardly beleeue 
 this, for Schollers, Old-men and Trauellers^ may lye by authority. 
 To strengthen your beliefe (said Fryer Bacon) I could presently 
 shew you the last Wench that you lay withall, but I will not at 
 this time. One is as true as the other (said the Gentleman) and 
 I would lau2;h to see either. You shall see them both within 
 these foure houres, quoth the Fryer, and therefore make what 
 haste you can. I will preuent that by my speed (said the Gen- 
 tleman) and with that rid his way; but he rode out of his way, 
 as it should seem ; for he had but fiue miles to ride, and yet was 
 he better than three houres a riding them ; so that Fryer Bacon 
 by his Art was with the king before he came. 
 
 The king kindly welcommed him, and said that hee long time 
 had desired to see him; for he had as yet not heard of his life. 
 Fryer Bacon answered him that fame had belide liini, and giucn 
 him that report that his poore studies had neucr deseruetl, for hee 
 beleeued that Art had many Sonnes more excellent then liimselfe 
 was. I'he King eommeiuled him for his modesty, and told him, 
 that nothiniz: did become a wise man icsse then boasting: but yet 
 .williall he requested him now to he no niggard of his knowledge, 
 but to slicw his Queene and him some of his skill. I were 
 wortliy of neitlier Art or knowledge ((juod, Fiycr liac"//) should 
 I dcnv your Maicstie lliis small recjucst: 1 juay scat yoursejues, 
 anil vou shall see presently what my poore skill can performc : 
 the King, Qucciic, and Nobles sale ihcm all down. 'J'hcy hauing 
 so done, the h'rycr waned his wand, and picsc ally was heard sucl;
 
 O THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 excellent Musicke that they were all amazed, for they all said 
 they had neuer heard the like. This is, said the Fryer, to delight 
 the sense of hearing, I will delight all your other sences ere you 
 depart hence : so waning his wand againe, there was lowder 
 Musicke heard, and presently fiue dancers entred, the first like a 
 Court-Laundresse, the second like a footman, the third like an 
 Usurer, the fourth like a Prodigall, the fift like a Foole: these 
 did diuers excellent changes, so that theygaue content to all the 
 beholders, and hauing done their dance, they all vanished away 
 in their order as they came in. Thus feasted he two of their 
 sences ; Then waued he his wand againe, and there was another 
 kinde of Musicke heard, and whilest it was playing, there was 
 sodainly before them a Table richly couered with all sorts of 
 delicates : then desired he the King and Queene to taste of some 
 certaine rare fruits that were on the Table, which they and the 
 Nobles there present did, and were very highly pleased with the 
 taste ; they being satisfied, all vanished away on the sodaine. 
 Then waued he his wand againe, and sodainly there was such a 
 smell, as if all the rich perfumes in the whole world had bin there 
 prepared in the best manner that Art could set them out : whilst 
 hee feasted thus their smelling, he waued his wand againe, and 
 their came diuers Nations in sundry habits (as Russians, Po- 
 landers, Indians, Armenians) all bringing sundry kinds of Furres, 
 such as their Countries yeelded : all which they presented to the 
 King and Queene: these Furres were so soft in the touch, that 
 they highly pleased all those that handled them, then after some 
 odde fantasticke dances (after their Countrey manner) they 
 vanished away : then asked Fryer JBacon the King's Majesty, if 
 that hee desired any more of his skill ? the King answered that 
 hee was fully satisfied for that time, and that hee on^^ly now 
 thought of something that hee might bestow on him, that might 
 partly satistie the kindnesse that hee had receiued. Fryer Bacon 
 said, that hee desired nothing so much as his Maiesties loue, and 
 if that he might be assured of that, hee would thinke himselfe 
 happy in it: for that (said the King) be thou euer sure of it, in 
 token of which receive this Jewell, and withall gaue him a costly 
 Jewel from his necke. The Fryer did with great reuerence thanke
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 7 
 
 his Majestic, and said : as your Maiesties vassall you shall euer 
 finde me ready to do you seruice, your time of neede shall finde 
 it both beneficiall and delightfull. But amongst all these Gen- 
 tlemen, I see not the man that your Grace did send for me by, 
 sure he hath lost his way, or else met with some sport that detaines 
 him so long, I promised to be here before him, and all this noble 
 Assembly can witnesse I am as good as my word : I heare him 
 comming: with that entered the Gentleman all bedurted (for he 
 had rid through ditches, quagmires, plashes, and waters, that hee 
 was in a most pittifull case) he seeing the Fryer there looked full 
 angerly, and bid a poxe on all his Deuils, for they had led him 
 out of his way, and almost drowned him. Be not angry Sir (said 
 Fryer Bacon) here is an old friend of yours that hath more cause: 
 for she hath tarried these three houres for you (with that hee 
 pulled vp the Hangings, and behinde them stood a kitchin-mayde 
 with a basting-ladle in her hand) now am I as good as my word 
 with 30U : for I promised to helpe you to your sweetheart, how 
 do you like this f So ill, answered the Gentleman, that I will be 
 reuenged of you. Threaten not (said Fryer Bacon) least I do 
 you more shame, and doe you take heed how you giue schollers 
 the lye againe : but because I know not how well you are stored 
 with money at this time, I will bear your \venches charges home: 
 with that she vanished away : the King, Queene, and all the com- 
 pany laughed to see with what shame this Gentleman indured the 
 sight of his greasie sweetheart: but the Gentleman went away 
 discontented. This done Fryer Bacon tooke his leaue of the 
 King and Queene, and receiued from them diuers gifts (as well 
 as thankes) for his Art he shewed them. 
 
 Hozc Fryer Bacon deceiued his Man, that would fast Jar his con- 
 science sake. 
 
 FRYER Bacon had one onely man to attend on him, and he 
 too was none of the wisest, for he kept him in charity, more 
 then for any seruice he had of him. This man of his (named 
 Miles) neuer could indure to fasi as other religious persons ilid,
 
 8 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 for alwayes hee had in one corner, or another, flesh which hee 
 would eate when his Maister eat bread only, or else did fast and 
 abstaine from all things. Fryer Bacon seeing this, thought at 
 one time or other to be euen with him, which he did one Fryday 
 in this manner, Miles on the Thursday niglu had prouided a great 
 blacke-pudding for his Frydayes fast: this pudding put he in his 
 pocket (thinking belike to heate it so, for his Maister had no fire 
 on those dayes) on the next day, who was so demure as Miles, 
 hee looked as though hee would not haue eat any thing : when 
 his Maister offerd him some bread, hee refused it, saying his 
 sinnes deserued a greater penance then one dayes fast in a whole 
 weeke : his Maister commended him for it, and bid him take 
 heed that he did not dissemble : for if he did, it would at last be 
 knowne ; then were I worse then a Turke said Miles: so went 
 he forth as if he would haue gone to pray priuately, but it was 
 for nothing but to pre}' vpon his blacke pudding; that pulled 
 he out, (for it was halfe roasted with the heate) and fell to 
 it lustily ; but he was deceiued, for hauing put one end in his 
 mouth, he could neither get it out againe nor bite it off, so that 
 hee stamped out for helpe: his Maister hearing him, came; and 
 finding him in that manner, tooke hold of the other end of the 
 pudding, and led him to the hall, and shewed him to all the 
 Schollers, saying : See here my good friends and fellow Students 
 what a deuout man my seruant Miles is, he loueth not to break a 
 fast day, witnesse this pudding that his conscience will not let him 
 swallow: I will haue him to be an example for you all, then tyed 
 hee him to a window by the end of the pudding, where poore 
 Miles stood like a Beare tyed by the nose to a stake, and indured 
 many floutes and mockes : at night his Maister released him from 
 his penance; Miles was glad of it, and did vow neuer to breake 
 more fast dayes whilst that he liued.
 
 OF FRYER BACOH. 
 
 How Fryer Bacon saued a Gentleman that had giuen himselfe to 
 
 the Deuill. 
 
 IN Oxfordshire there lived a Gentleman, that had through his 
 riotous expences wasted a faire Inheritance that was left him 
 by his father: After which hee grew so poore, that he had not 
 wherewith to buy himselfe so much bread as would mainteine his 
 miserable life : the memory of his former state that hee had liued 
 in, and the present want that he now sustained, made him to 
 grow desperate and regardlesse both of his soule and bodies 
 estate : which gaue the Deuill occasion to worke vpon his weak- 
 nesse in this manner following. 
 
 On a time, hee being alone full of griefe and care, (griefe for 
 his folies past, and care how to get a poore liuing for the re- 
 mainder of his dayes) the Deuill came to him and asked him 
 what hee wanted (hee came not in a shape terrible, but like an 
 old penny-father.) This Gentleman was amazed at his sodaine 
 presence, but hearing him demand of his wants, hee tooke to 
 him courage and said: I want all things, I want money to buy 
 my apparell, money to buy mee meat, money to redeeme my 
 Land, and money to pay my debts : Can or will 3'ou helpe mce in 
 this misery ? I will answered ihe Deuill, ou some conditions helpe 
 you to money for to supply all these wants, and that sodainly. 
 On any condition, said the Gentleman, helpe mee, and I sweare 
 for to performe them : I take no oathes (answered the Deuill) I 
 must haue bonds, if you will doe so, meet mee by the Woods side 
 to morrow morning, and there I will haue tlie moneys ready: I 
 will said the Gentleman (for hee poore man was glad of it on any 
 conditions, as he said before.) The next day hee went to the 
 Wood where the Deuill had promised to meet him : long had 
 hee not beene there, but be beheld tbc Deuil comming, and after 
 him two other like Seruingnicn with Biggcs of money : this 
 reioyccd the poore Gcntlcnians heart to tliiiikc that lice should 
 once againe Hue like a man. The Deuill eoinuiing to him said : 
 Sonne 1 will performe my pronii-e vnto you if tbat you will scale 
 to the conditions tbat 1 haue here already drawiie: willingly 
 
 c
 
 10 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 said the Gentleman, I will, I pray read them. The Deuill read 
 them to this effect: that he lent him so much money as he should 
 Haue need of, to be imployed to these vses following : First, to 
 redeeme his morgag'd Land : next to pay his debts : lastly, to 
 buy him such necessaries as bee wanted : this to be lent on this 
 condition, that so soone as he had paid all his debts, that he 
 should be at the lenders disposing, and without any delay, freely 
 to yeeld himselfe to him vpon the first demand of the aforesaid 
 lender. To this the Gentleman sealed, and had the money car- 
 ried to his Chamber, with which money bee in short time re- 
 deemed his Land, and bought such things as he needed, and like- 
 wise payed all his debts, so that there was not any maa that could 
 aske him one penny. 
 
 Thus lined this Gentleman once againe in great credit, and 
 grew so great a husband that he increased his estate, and was 
 richer then euer his father before him was: but long did this ioy 
 of his not continue, for one day bee beeing in his Studie the 
 Deuil appeared vnto him, and did tell him that now his Land 
 was redeemed, and his debts paid, and therefore the time was 
 come that hee must yeeld himselfe to his mercy, as bee was bound 
 by bond. This troubled the Gentleman to heare, but more to 
 thinke how that he must become a slaue to a stranger that hee 
 did not know (for hee knew not as yet that he was the Deuill) 
 but being vrged to answer for himselfe (by the Deuill) hee said 
 that hee had not as yet paid all his debts, and therefore as 3'et 
 hee was not liable to the bonds sirait conditions. At this the 
 Deuill seemed angry and with a fearefull noyse transfformed him- 
 selfe to an vgly shape, saying, Alas poore wretch, these are poore 
 excuses that thou framest, I know them all to be false, and so 
 will proue them to thy face to morrow morning, till when I 
 leaue thee to despaire : So with great noyse he went his way, 
 leaning the Gentleman halfe dead with feare. 
 
 When he was gone, the Gentleman rcuiuing bethought him- 
 selfe in what a miserable state he was now in, then wished he 
 that he had liued and died poorely, then cursed he all his amhi- 
 tious thoughts, that led him first to desire againe that wealth 
 which he had so vainly by his riot lost : then would hee curse
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 11 
 
 his prodigall expences that were the originall of all his misery: 
 thus was he tormented along time in his minde, at last he fully 
 resolued to end his wretched life by some violent death, and to 
 that end he went forth thinking to kill himselfe, which he had 
 done, had it not beene for the Fryer : for as he was falling vpon 
 his sword. Fryer Bacon came by and called to him to hold, 
 which he did. Fryer Bacon demanded of him the cause why he 
 was so desperate that he would run headlong to hell ? O sir, 
 said he, the cause is great, and the relation is so terrible to me, 
 that I would intreat you not to trouble me any more, but to leaue 
 me to my owne will : his answer filled the Fryer with amazement 
 and pitty both at once, which made him to urge him in this 
 manner. Sir, should I leaue you to this wilfull damnation, I were 
 vnfit euer hereafter to weare or touch any robe that belongeth 
 vnto the holy Order, whereof I am a Brother: you know (I doubt 
 not) that there is giuen power to the Church to absolue penitent 
 sinners, let not your wilfulnesse take away from j'ou that benefit 
 which you may receiue by it: freely confesse your selfe (I pray) 
 you vnto me, and doubt not but I shall giue your troubled con- 
 science ease: Father (said this Gentleman) 1 know all that you 
 haue spoken is truth, and I haue many times receiued comfort 
 from the mother Church, (I dare not say our, for I feare that 
 shce will neuer receiue me for a childe) 1 haue no part in her 
 benediction, yet since you request so earnestly the cause, 1 will 
 tell you, heare it and tremble. Know then that I haue giuen 
 my selfe to the Deuill for a little wealth, and he to morrow in this 
 Wood must haue me: now haue you my griefe, but I know not 
 how to get comfort. This is strange (quoth Fryer Bacon,) yet be 
 of good comfort, penitentiall teares may doe much, which see 
 you doe not spare; soone I will visit you at your house, and giue 
 you that comfort (I hopej that will beget you agaitie to good- 
 nesse: the Gentleman with these words was somewhat comforted 
 and returned home. At night Fryer Bacon came t > him, and 
 found him full of teares for his hayiious offences, for these teares 
 he gaue him hope of pardon, demanded lurther what conditions 
 hce had made with the Deuill : the Gentleman told him, how 
 that he had promised himselle to him so soone as hee had paid
 
 lil THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 all his debts : which he now had done, for he owed not one peny 
 to any man liuing. Well said Fryer Bacon, continue thy sor- 
 row for thy sinnes, and to morrow meete him without feare, and 
 be thou content to stand to the next mans iudgement that shall 
 come that way, whether thou doest belong to the Deuill or no : 
 feare not, but do so, and be thou assured that I will be he that 
 shall come by, and will giue such iudgement on thy side, that 
 thou shalt bee free from him : with that Fryer Bacon went home, 
 and the Gentleman went to his prayers. 
 
 In the morning the Gentleman (after that hee had blessed 
 himselfe) went to the Wood where he found the Deuill ready 
 for him, so soone as he came neere, the Deuill said, now deceiuer 
 are you come, now shall thou see that I can and will proue that 
 thou hast paid all thy debts, and therefore thy soule belongeth 
 to me. Thou art a deceiuer (said the Gentleman) and gauest me 
 money to cheat me of my soulc, for else why wilt thou be thy 
 own Judge: let me haue some other to iudge betweene vs. Con- 
 tent said the Deuill, take whom thou wilt : then I will haue (said 
 the Gentleman) the next man that commeth this way : hereto 
 the Deuill agreed. No sooner were these words ended, but Fryer 
 Bacon came by, to whom tl)is Gentleman speake, and requested, 
 that he would be iudge in a waighty matter betweene them two : 
 the Fryer said, he was content, so both parties were agreed : the 
 Deuill said they were, and told Fryer Bacon how the case stood 
 betweene them in this manner. 
 
 Know Fryer, that I seeing this prodigall like to starue for 
 want of food, lent him money, not onely to buy him victuals, 
 but also to redeeme his lands and pay his debts, conditionarily 
 that o soone as his debts were paid, that hee should giue him- 
 selfe freely to mee, to this, here is his hand (shewing him the Bond) 
 now my time is expired, for all his debts are paid, which hee 
 cannot denie. This case is plaine, if it be so that his debts are 
 paid: his silence confirmes it said the Diiiell, therefore giue him 
 a iust sentence. I will said Fryer Bacon : But first tell me (speaking 
 to the Gentleman^ didst thouneuer yet giue the Deuill any of his 
 mony backe, nor requite him any wayes: neuer had hee any 
 thing of me as yet (answered the Gentleman) then neuer let him
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 13 
 
 haue any thing of thee and thou art free; Deceiuer of mankind, 
 said he (speaking to the Deuill) it was thy hargaine, neuer to 
 meddle with him so long as hee was indebted to any, now how 
 canst thou demand of him any thing, when he is indebted for all 
 that hee hath to thee, when hee payeth thee thy money, then 
 take him as thy due; till then thou hast nothing to doe with him: 
 and so I charge thee to be gone. At this, the Deuill vanished 
 with great horror, but Fryer Bacon comforted the Gentleman, and 
 sent him home with a quiet conscience, bidding him neuer to 
 pay the Deuils money backe as he tendred his owne safety: 
 which he promised for to obserue. 
 
 Hozv Fryer Bacon made a Brasen head to speake, by the which hee 
 zcoidd haue zvalUd England about with Brasse. 
 
 FRYER Bacon reading one day of the many conquests of 
 England, bethought himselfe how hee might keepe it here- 
 after from the like conquests, and so make himselfe famous here- 
 after to all posterities. This (after great study) hee found could 
 be no way so well done as one ; which was to make a head of 
 Brasse, and if he could make this head to speake (and heare it 
 when it speakcs) then might hee be able to wall all England 
 about with Brasse. To this purpose hee got one Fryer Buugey 
 to assist him, who was a great Scholler and a Magician, (but not 
 to bee compared to Fryer Bacon) these two with great study and 
 paines so framed a head of Brasse, that in the inward parts 
 thereof there was all things like as in a naturall mans head: this 
 being done, they were as farre from perfeeiion of the worke as 
 they were before, ibr they knew not how to giue those parts that 
 they had made motion, without which it was impossible that it 
 should speake : many bookes they read, but yet eoidd not (inde 
 out any hope of what they sought, that at the last they concluded 
 to raise a spirit, and to know of him that which they could not 
 attaine to by their owne studies. To do this they prepared all 
 things ready and went one Euening to a Wood thereby, and after
 
 14 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 many ceremonies vsed, they spake the words of coniuration, 
 which the Deuill straight obeyed and appeared vnto them, asking 
 what they would ? know, said Fryer Bacon that wee haue made an 
 artificial! head of Brasse, which we would haue to speake, to the 
 furtherance of which wee haue raised thee, and being raised, wee 
 will here keepe thee, vnlesse thou tell to vs the way and manner 
 how to make this Head to speake. The Deuill told him that he 
 had not that power of himselfe : beginner of lyes (said Fryer 
 Bacon) I know that thou dost dissemble, and therefore tell it vs 
 quickly, or else wee will here bind the to remaine during our 
 pleasures. At these threatnings the Deuill consented to doe it, 
 and told them, thet with a cotinual fume of the six hotest Simples 
 it should haue motion, and in one month space speak, tlie Time 
 of the moneth or day hee knew not: also hee told them, that if 
 they heard it not before it had done speaking, all their labour 
 should be lost: they being satisfied, licensed the Spirit for to 
 depart. 
 
 Then went these two learned Fryers home againe, and pre- 
 pared the Simples ready, and made the fume, and with continuall 
 watching attended when this Brasen head would speake : thus 
 watched they for three weekes without any rest, so that they 
 were so weary and sleepy, that they could not any longer refraine 
 from rest: then called Fryer Bacon his man Miles, and told him, 
 that it was not vnknown to him what paines Fryer Bungy and 
 himselfe had taken for three weekes space, onely to make, and to 
 heare the Brasen-head speake, which if they did not, then had 
 they lost all their labour, and all England had a great losse 
 thereby: therefore hee intreated Miles that he would watch whilst 
 that they slept, and call them if the Head sprake. Feare not, 
 good Master (said Miles) I will not sleepe, but barken and attend 
 vpon the head, and if it doe chance to speake, I will call you : 
 therefore I pray take you both your rests and let mee alone for 
 watching this head. After Fryer Bacon had given him a great 
 charge the second time: Fryer Bungy and he went to sleepe, 
 and Miles, alone to watch the Brasen head : Miles, to keepe him 
 from sleeping, got a Tabor and Pipe, and being merry disposed, 
 sung this Song to a Northren tune.
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 15 
 
 Of Cam'st thou not from New-Castle. 
 
 To couple is a custome, 
 
 all things thereto agree : 
 Why should not I then loue ? 
 
 since loue to all is free. 
 
 But He haue one that's pretty, 
 
 her cheekes of scarlet die ? 
 For to breed my delight, 
 
 when that I ligge her by. 
 
 Though vertue be a Dowry, 
 
 yet He chuse money store : 
 If my loue proue vntrue, 
 
 with that I can get more. 
 
 The faire is oft vnconstant, 
 
 the blacke is often proud. 
 He chuse a louely browne, 
 
 come fidler scrape thy crowd. 
 
 Come fidler scrape thy crowd, 
 
 for Peggie the browne is she, 
 Must be my Bride, God guide 
 
 that Peggie and 1 agree. 
 
 With his owneMusicke, and such Songs as these spent he his 
 time, and kept from sleeping at last. After some noyse the Head 
 spake these two words, Time is. Miles hearing it to speake no 
 more, thought his Master would be an2;rv if hee waked him for 
 that, and therefore he let them both slcepe, and began to mocke 
 the Head in this manner: Thou Brazcn-faecd Head, hath my 
 Master tooke all this paines about thee, and now dost tiiou re(|uite 
 i)im with two words, Time is: had hee watched with a Lawyer 
 so long as he hath watched with ihce, he would haue giucn him 
 more, and better words then thou hast yet, if thou canst speake
 
 16 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 no wiser, thej shal sleepe till doomes day for me : Time is : I 
 know Time is, and that you shall heare good man Brazen face. 
 
 To the tune of Daintie come thou to me. 
 
 Time is for some to plant. 
 Time is for some to sowe j 
 Time is for some to graft 
 The home as some doe know. 
 
 Time is for some to eate. 
 Time is for some to sleepe, 
 Time is for some to laugh. 
 Time is for some to weepe. 
 
 Time is for some to sing. 
 Time is for some to pray, 
 Time is for some to creepe, 
 That haue drunke all the day. 
 
 Time is to cart a Bawd, 
 Time is (o whip a Whore, 
 Time is to hang a Theefe, 
 And time is for much more. 
 
 Doe you tell vs Copper-nose, when Time is, I hope we Schol- 
 lers know our Times, when to drinke drunke, when to kisse our 
 Hostes, when to goe on her score, and when to pay it, that time 
 comes seldome. After halfe an houre had passed, the Head did 
 speake againe, two words, which were these: Time was. Miles 
 respected these words as little as he did the former, and would 
 not wake them, but still scoffed at the Brasen head, that it had 
 learned no better words, and haue such a Tutor as his Master : 
 and in scorne of it sung this Song.
 
 . OP FRYER BACON. it 
 
 To the tune of a rich Merchant man. 
 
 Time was when thou a Kettle 
 
 wert fiird with better matter : 
 But Fryer Bacon did thee spoyle, 
 
 when he thy sides did batter. 
 
 Time was when conscience dwelled 
 
 with men of occupation: 
 Time was when Lawyers did not thriue, 
 
 so well by mens vexation. 
 
 Time was when Kings and Beggers 
 
 of one poore stuffe had being: 
 Time was when office kept no Knaues: 
 
 that time it was worth seeing. 
 
 Time was a bowle of water, 
 
 did giue the face reflection. 
 Time was when women knew no paint : 
 
 which now they call Complexion. 
 
 Timercas: I know that Brazen-face, without your telling, I 
 know Time was, and I know what things there was when Time 
 was, and if you speake no wiser, no Master shall be waked for 
 mee. Thus Miles talked and sung till another halfe houre was 
 gone, then the Brazen -head spake againe these words ; Time is 
 past: and therewith fell downe, and presently followed a terrible 
 novse, with strange flashes of fire, so that Miles was lialfc dead 
 with fearc : At this noyse the two Fryers awaked, and wondrcd 
 to see the whole roome so full of smoake, but that being vanished 
 they might perceiue the Brazen-head broken and lying on the 
 ground: at this sight they gricued, and called il///o- to know 
 how this came. Miles halfe dead witii fcare, said that it fell 
 downe of itselfe, and that with the noyse and fire that followed 
 hee was almost frighted out of his wits: Fryer Ihno/i asked him 
 if hee did not speake? yes (quoth Miles) it spake, but to no pur- 
 
 D
 
 18 THE fAMOUS HISTOEir 
 
 pose. He haue a Parret speake better in that time that you have 
 been teaching this Brazen head. Out on thee villaine (said Fryer 
 Bacon) thou hast vndone vs both, hadst thou but called us when 
 it did speake, all England had been walled round about with 
 Brasse, to its glory, and our eternal fames: what were the words 
 it spake : very few (said Miles) and those were none of the wisest 
 that I have heard neither: first he said. Time is. Hadst thou 
 caird vs then (said Fryer Bacon) we had been made for euer: 
 then (said Miles) half an hour after it spake againe and said, 
 Time was. And wouldst thou not call us then (said Bungey?) 
 Alas (said Miles) I thought he would haue told me some long 
 Tale, and then I purposed to haue called you : then half an houre 
 after he cried Time is past, and made such a noyse, that hee hath 
 waked you himselfe race thinkes. At this Fryer Bacon was in 
 such a rage, that hee would haue beaten his man, but he was 
 restrained by Bungey : but neuerthelesse for his punishment, he 
 with his Art struck him dumbe for one whole months space. Thus 
 that great worke of these learned Fryers was ouerthrown (to their 
 great griefes) by this simple fellow. 
 
 Hdz Fryer Bacon by his art took a Towne, zchen the King had lyen 
 before it three months, without doing to it any hurt. 
 
 IN those times when Fryer Bacon did all his strange trickes, 
 the Kings of Englaiid had a great part of France, which they 
 held a long time, till ciuill warres at home in this Land made 
 them to lose it: it did chance that the King of England (for 
 some cause best knowne to himselfe) went into France with a 
 great Armie, where after many victories, he did besiege a strong 
 Towne, and lay before it full three moneths, without doing to the 
 Towne any great damage, but rather received the hurt himselfe. 
 This did so vexe the King, that he sought to take it in any way, 
 either by policy or strength : To this intent hee made Proclama- 
 tion, that whosoeuer could deliuer this Towne into his hand, hee 
 should haue for his paines ten thousand Crownes iruely paid. 
 This was proclaimed, but there was none found that would
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 19 
 
 undertake it : At length the newes did come into England of this 
 great reward that was promised. Fryer Bacon hearing of it, went 
 into France, and being admitted to the Kings presence, hee thus 
 spake unto him : Your Maiestie I am sure halh not quite forgot 
 your poore subject Bacon, the love that you shewed to mee being 
 last in your presence, hath drawne mee for to leave my Coiintrey, 
 and my Studies, to doe your Maiestis seruice: I beseech your 
 Gr^ce, to command mee so farre as my poore Art or life may doe 
 you pleasure. The King thanked him for his love, but told him, 
 that hee had now more need of Armes than Art, and wanted 
 braue Soiildiers more than learned Schollers. Fryer Bacon 
 aswered. Your Grace saith well; but let mee (vnder correction) 
 tell you, that Art oftentimes doth those things that are impossible 
 to Armes, which I will make good in some few examples. I will 
 speak onely of things performed by Art and Nature, wherein 
 shall be nothing Magical: and first by the figuration of Art, there 
 may be made Instruments of Nauigation without men to rowe in 
 them, as great ships, to brooke the Sea, only with one man to 
 steere them, and they shall sayle far more swiftly than if they 
 were full of men: Also Chariots that shall move with an unspeak- 
 able force, without any living creature to stirre them. Likewise, 
 an Instrument may be made to fly withall, if one sit in the 
 midst of the Instrument, and doe turne an engine, by which the 
 wings being Artificially composed, may beat ayre after the 
 manner of a flying Bird. By an Instrument of three fingers 
 high, and three fingers broad, a man may rid himself and others 
 from all Imprisonment: yea, such an Instrument may easily be 
 niad'"", whereby a man may violently draw unto him a ihousand 
 men, will they, nill the}', or any other thin;^. By Art also an 
 Instrument may bee made, where with men may walke in the 
 bottome of the Sea or Rivers without boJiiy danger: this 
 Alexander the Great vsed (as the Etlinitk phylosopher reportclh) 
 to the end he might behold the Secrets of the Seas. But Pliysi- 
 call Fiururations are larre more strani^e : for bv that mav be 
 framed i^erspects and Looking-glasses, that one thing shall 
 :([)peare to be many, as one man shall appeare to ht- a whole 
 Ainiv, and oneSunnc or Moonc shall scenuhueis. Al-o perspfct>
 
 20 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 may be so framed, that things farre off shall sieem most riigh 
 vnto vs : With one of these did lulius CcBsar from the Sea coasts 
 in France marke and obserue the situation of the Castles in 
 England. Bodies may also be so framed, that the greatest 
 things shall appeare to be the least, the highest lowest, the most 
 secret to bee the most manifest, and in such like sort the contrary. 
 Thus did Socrates perceiue, that the Dragon which did destroy 
 the Citie and Countrey adioyning, with his noisome breath, and 
 contagious influence, did lurke in the dennes between the 
 Mountaines : and thus may all things that are done in Cities or 
 Armies be discovered by the enemies. Againe, in such wise may 
 bodies be framed, that venemous and infectious influences may 
 be brought whither a man will : In this did Aristotle instruct 
 Alexander , through which instruction the poyson of a Basiliske, 
 being lift vp vpon the wall of a Citie, the poison was convayd 
 into the Citie, to the destruction thereof: Also perspects may be 
 made to deceiue the sight, as to make a man beleeue that hee 
 seeth great store of riches, when that there is not any. But it 
 appertaineth to a higher power of Figuration, that beanies should 
 be brought and assembled by diuers flexions and reflexions in 
 any distance that we will, to burne any thing that is opposite 
 vnto it, as it is witnessed by those Perspects or Glasses that 
 burne before and behinde : But the greatest and chiefest of all 
 figurations and things figured, is to describe the heavenly bodies, 
 according to their length and breadth in a corporall figure, 
 wherein they may corporally moue with a daily motion. These 
 things are worth a kingdome to a wise man. These may suffise, 
 my royall Lord, to shew what Art can doe: and these, with 
 many things more, as strange, I am able by Art to performe. 
 Then take no thought for winning this Towne, for by my Art 
 you shall (ere many dayes be past) haue your desire. 
 
 The King all this while heard him with admiration : but 
 hearing him now, that hee would vndertake to win the Towne, 
 hee burst out in these speeches : Most h arned Bacon, doe but 
 what thou hast said, and I will give thee what thou most desirest, 
 either wealth, or honour, choose which thou wilt, and I will be as 
 ready to performe, as I have been to promise.
 
 OF FRYER BACON. fl" 
 
 Your Maiesties love is all that I seeke (said the Fryer, let mee 
 liaue that, and I haue honour enough, for wealth, I have content, 
 the wise should seek no more: but to the purpose. Let your 
 Pioniers raise up a mount so high, (or rather higher) than the 
 wall, and then shall you see some probability of that which I haue 
 promised. 
 
 This Mount in two days was raised : then Fryer Bacon went 
 with the King to the Top of it, and did with a perspect shew to 
 him the Towne, as plainley as if hee had beene in it: at this the 
 King did wonder, but Fryer Bacon told him, that he should 
 wonder more, ere next day noone : against which Time, he 
 desired him to have his whole Army in readinesse, for to scale 
 the wall upon a signal given by him, from the Mount. This the 
 King promised to doe, and so returned to his Tent full of Joy, 
 that he should gain this strong Towne. In.lhe morning Fryer 
 Bacon went up to the Mount and set his Glasses, and other 
 Instruments up: in the meane time the King ordered his Armv, 
 and stood in a readinesse for to give the assaults: when the signal 
 was given, which was the wauing of a flagge: Ere nine of the 
 clocke Fryer Bacon had burnt the State-house of the Towne, 
 with other houses only by his Mathematicall Glasses, wiiich 
 made the whole Towne in an vprore, for none did know how it 
 came: whilest that they were quenching of the same Fryer Bacon 
 did waue his Flagge: vpon which signall giuen, the King set 
 vpon the Towne, and tooke it with little or no resistance. Thus 
 through the Ait of this learned man the King got this strong 
 Towne, which hee could not doe with all his men without Fryer 
 Bacons helpc. 
 
 How Fryer Bacon ouer-came the German Coniurer \'undermast, 
 and made a Spirit of his oicne carry him into Germany. 
 
 THE King of England after iiee had taken the Town 
 shewed great mercy to the Inhabitants, giuing some of 
 them ihcir Hues freely, and others hoe set at liberty for their 
 Cold; the Towne hee kc|)t as his owne, and swore tiie chicfe
 
 22 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 Citizens to be his true Subjects. Presently after the King of 
 France sent an ambassadour to the King of England for to intreat 
 a peace betweene them. This Ambassadour being come to the 
 King, he feasted him (as it is the manner of Princes to doe) and 
 with the best sports as he had then, welcomed him. The 
 Ambassadour seeing the King of England so free in his Loue, 
 desired likewise to giue him some taste of his good liking, and to 
 that intent sent for one of his fellowes (being a Germane, and 
 named Vandermast) a famous coniurer, who being come, hee told 
 the King, that since his Grace had been so bountiful in his loue to 
 him, he would shew him (by a servant of his) such wonderfull 
 things that his Grace had neuer scene the like before. The 
 King demaunded of him of what nature those things were that 
 hee would doe : The Ambassadour answered that they were 
 things done by the Art of Magicke. The King hearing of this, 
 sent straight for Fryer Bacon, who presently came, and brought 
 Fryer Bungey with him. 
 
 When the Banquet was done, Vandermast did aske the King, 
 if he desired to see the Spirit of any man deceased: and if that 
 hee did, hee would raise him in such manner and fashion as he was 
 in when that hee lived. The King told him, that above all men 
 he desired to see Pompey the Great, who could abide no equall. 
 Vandermast by his Art raised him, armed in such manner as hee 
 was when he was slaine at the battell of Pharsalia ; at this they 
 were all highly contented. Fryer Bacon presently raised the 
 ghost of Julius Casar, who could abide no Superiour, and had 
 slaine this Pompey at the Battell of Pharsalia: At the sight of 
 him they were all amazed, but the King who sent for Bacon-, and 
 Vandermast said that there was some man of Art in that presence, 
 whom he desired to see. Fryer Bacon then shewed hiuiselfe, 
 saying J It was I Vandermast, that raised Casar, partly to giue 
 content to this Royall presence, but chiefely for to conquer thy 
 Pompey, as he did once before, at that great Battell of Pharsalia, 
 which he now againe shall doe. Then presently began a fight 
 between Ccesar and Pompey, which continued a good space, to the 
 content of all, except Vandermast. At last Pompey was ouer 
 come and slaine by Casar : then vanished they both away.
 
 OF FRYER BACON. ' S3 
 
 My Lord Ambassadour (said the King) me thinks that my 
 Englishman has put down your German: hath he no better 
 cunning than this? Yes, answered Vandermast, your Grace shall 
 see me put downe your Englishman, ere that you goe from 
 hence: and therefore Fryer prepare thy selfe with thy best of 
 Art to withstand me. Alas, said Fryer Bacon, it is a little thing 
 will serue to resist thee in this kind. I have here one that is my 
 inferior (shewing him Fryer Bitngey) try thy Art with him: and 
 if thou doe put him to the worst, then will I deale with thee, and 
 not till then. 
 
 Fryer Bungey then began to shew his Art : and after some 
 turning and looking in his Booke, he brought up among them 
 the i^Tyspenfln Tree, which did beare golden Apples: these Apples 
 were kept by a waking Dragon, that lay under the Tree: He 
 hauing done this, bid Vandermast finde one that durst gather the 
 fruit. Then Vatidermast did raise the ghost of Hercules in his 
 habit that he wore when that he was lining, and with his Club on 
 his shoulder: Here is one, said Vandermast, that shall gather 
 fruit from this tree : this is Hercules, that in his life time gathered 
 of this Fruit, and made the Dragon crouch: and now againe shall 
 hee gather it in spight of all opposition. As Hercules was going 
 to plucke the fruit, Fryer Bacon held up his wand, at which 
 Hercules stayed and seemed fearful. Vandcrinast bid him for to 
 gather of the fruit, or else he would torment him. Hercules was 
 more fearfull, and said, I cannot, nor I dare not: for great Bacon 
 stands, whose charms are farre more powerfull than thine, I must 
 obey him Vandermast. Hereat Vandermast curst Hercules, and 
 threatned him: But Fryer Bacon laughed, and bid not to chafe 
 himself ere that his iourney was ended: for seeing (said he) that 
 HerculeswxW doe nothing at your command, I will have him doeyou 
 some service at mine: with that he bid Hercules carry him home 
 into Germany. The Diuell obeyed him, and tooke Vandermast 
 on his backe, and went away with him in all ihcir sights. Hold 
 Fryer, cried the Ambassadour, I will not loose 1 andervtast for 
 half my Land. Content yourself my Lord, answered Fryer 
 Bacon, I have hut sent him lume to sec his wife, ;m(l ere long 
 he inav returne. Ihe Kirt^ of Ln^lat\d thanked I'ryej li(n<>ii, aiul
 
 24 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 forced some gifts on him for his .seruice that he had done for 
 him: for Fryer Bacon did so little respect money, that he neuer 
 would take any of the King. 
 
 How Fiyer Bacon through his wisdom saued the endangered Hues 
 of three Brethren. 
 
 THE Peace being concluded betweene the King of England 
 and the King of France, the King of England came againe 
 into his Country of England, where he was received very joyfully 
 of all his Subiects: But in his absence had happened a discord 
 betweene three Brethren, the like hath not beene often heard. 
 This it was : A rich Gentleman of England dyed, and left behind 
 him three Sonnes. Now for some reason (which was best known 
 to himselfe) he appointed none of them by name to be his heyre, 
 but spake to them all after this manner: You are all my Sonnes, 
 and I love you all as a Father should doe, all alike, not one 
 better than the other: and cause I would alvvayes doe rightly so 
 neere as I can, I leave all my Lands and goods to him that loues 
 me best: These wer6 his last words that he spake concerning 
 any worldly affaires. 
 
 After he was dead and buried, there arose a great controversie 
 betwixt them, who should inherit their Fathers Goods and Lands, 
 every one pleading for himselfe, how that he loued his Father 
 best. All the cunning Lawyers of the Kingdome could say 
 nothing to the purpose, concerning this case, so that they were 
 inforced to begge of the King a grant for a combat: for they 
 would not share the Lands and Goods among them, but euery 
 one desired all or else nothing. The King seeing no other way 
 to end this controversie, granted a combat: the two eldest being 
 to fight first, and the conquerour to fight with the youngest, and 
 the surviver of them was to haue the Land. 
 
 The day being come that was set for these combatants, they 
 all came in armed for the fight. Friar Baconhem^ there present, 
 and seeing such three lustie young men like to perish, and that 
 by their owne flesh and blood, grieued very much, and went to
 
 OF FRTER BACON. ^ 
 
 the King desiring his Maiestie that he would stay the fight, and 
 he would finde a raeanes without any hloodshed to end the matter : 
 the King was very glad hereof, and caused the Combatants to be 
 brought before him, to whom he said: Gentlemen, to saue the 
 blood of you all, I have found a way, and yet the controuersie shall 
 be ended that is now amongst you: Are you contented to stand to 
 his Judgment that I shall appoint: they all answered, that they 
 were. Then were they bid to returne three days after. In that 
 time Fryer Bacon had caused the Body of their deceased Father 
 to be taken out of the ground, and brought to the Court: the 
 Body hee did cause to be bound to a Slake, naked to the middle 
 vpwards and likewise prepared three Bowes and Shafts for the 
 three Brethren : all these kept hee secretly. 
 
 The third day being come, came these three Brethren, to 
 whom Fryer Bacon in the presence of the King gaue the three 
 Bowes and Shafts, saying, Be not offended at what I have done, 
 there is no other way but this to Judge your cause: See here is 
 the body of your dead Father, shoot at him, for he that cometh 
 nearest to his heart, shall have all the Lands and Goods. ' 
 
 The two eldest prepared themselues, and shot at him, and 
 stucke their Arrowes in his Breast. Then bid they the youngest 
 to shoot: but he refused it, saying, I will rather loose all, theft 
 wound that body that I so loued lining: Had you euer had but 
 halfe that loue (in you) to him that I haue, you would rather 
 haue had your own bodies mangled, than to suffer his lifelesse 
 Corps thus to be vsed ; nay, you doe not onely suffer it, but you 
 are the actors of this act of shame: and speaking this, he wept. 
 
 Fryer Bacon seeing this, did give the Judgement on his side, 
 for he loved his Father best, and therefore had all his Lands and 
 Goods: the other two Brothers went away with shame for what 
 they had done. This deed of Fryer Bacons was highly com- 
 mended of all men: for he did not onely giue true Judgement, but 
 also saued much blood that would haue beene shed, had they 
 becne suffered to luiue fought.
 
 1S^ THt FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 How Fryer Bacon served the Theeues that robbed him, and of the 
 sport that his man Miles had with them. 
 
 TT was reported about the Countrey how that the King had 
 -*- given Fryer Bacon great store of Treasure. The report of 
 this wealth made three Theeues plot to rob Fryer Bacons house, 
 which they put in practise one Euening in this fashion. They 
 knockt at the doore and were let in by Miles: No sooner were 
 they in, but they took hold of him, and led him into the house, 
 and finding Fryer Bacon there, they told him that they came for 
 some money, which they must and would have ere they departed 
 from thence. He told them, that he was but ill stored with 
 money at that time, and therefore desired them to forbeare him 
 till some other time. They answered him againe, that they 
 knew that hee had enough, and therefore it was but folly to 
 delay them, but straight let them baue it by faire meanes, 
 or else they would vse that extremitie to him that hee would 
 bee loth to suffer. Hee seeing them so resolute, told them that 
 they should haue all that hee had, and gaue to them one 
 hundred pounds a man. Herewith they seemed content, and 
 would have gone their wayes. Nay, said Fryer Bacon, I pray 
 Gentlemen at my request tarry a little, and heare some of my 
 mans Musicke: you are byred reasonable well already, I hope in 
 courtesie you will not deny raee so small a request. That will 
 wee not, (said they all.) 
 
 Miles thought now to haue some sport with them, which hee 
 had, and therefore plaid lustily on his Tabor and Pipe : so soone 
 as they heard him play (against their wills) they fell a dauncing 
 and that after such a laborious manner, that they quickly wearied 
 themselues (for they had all that while the bagges of money in 
 their hands.) Yet had Fryer Bacon not reuenge enough of 
 them, but bid his man Miles leave theul some larger measure as 
 hee thought fitting, which Milen did. Miles straight ledde them 
 out of tiie house into the fields, they followed him, dauncing 
 after a wilde Auticke manner: Then led hee them over a broad
 
 "OF FRYER BACON. 47"' 
 
 dike full of water, and they followed him still, but not so good 
 a way as he went (for he went over the Bridge, but they by 
 reason of their dauncing, could not keepe the Bridge, but fell off, 
 and dauncing through the water) then led bee them through a 
 way where a horse might very well haue beene vp to the belly: 
 they followed him, and were so durtie, as though they had 
 wallowed in the myre like Swine: Sometime gaue bee them rest 
 onely to laugh at thei : then were they so sleepie when bee did 
 not play, that they fell to the ground. Then on the sudden 
 would bee play againe, and make them start vp and follow him. 
 Thus kept bee them the better part of the night. At last bee in 
 pittie left playing, and let them rest. They being asleepe on the 
 bare ground he tooke their money from them, and gave them 
 this Song for their farewell, To the tune of. Ok doe me no harme 
 good man. 
 
 You roaring Boyes, and sturdy Theeues, 
 
 you Pimpes, and Aples squires: 
 Lament the case of these poor knaues, 
 
 and warme them by your fires. 
 
 They snorting lye like Hogs in siie, 
 
 but hardly are so warme: 
 If all that cheat, such hap should meet, 
 
 to true men 'twere no harme. 
 
 They money had, which made them glad, 
 
 their ioy did not indure: 
 Were all Theeues seru'd as these haue beene, 
 
 1 thinke there would bee fewer. 
 
 When that they wake, their hearts will ake, 
 
 to thinke vpon their losse; 
 And though the gallows they escape, 
 
 tlit-y goe by weeping, crosse.
 
 28 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 Your Trulls expect your comming home 
 
 with full and heauy purse: 
 When that they see tis nothing so, 
 
 oh how they'le rayle and curse. 
 
 For hee that loues to keepe a whore, 
 
 must have a giving hand. 
 Which makes a many knaves he choakt, 
 
 for bidding true men stand. 
 
 J They were scarce any thing the better for this Song, for they 
 slept all the while; so Miles left them at their rest; but they 
 h^d small cause to sleepe so soundly as they did, for they 
 were more wett than ere was Scold with cocking. Miles gaue 
 his Master his money againe, and told the story of their merry 
 pilgrimage: he laughed at it, and wisht all men had the like 
 power to serue all such knaues in the like kind. The theeues 
 waking in the morning and missing their money, and seeing 
 themselves in that plight, thought that they had been serued so 
 by some divine power, for robbing a Church-man, and therefore 
 they swore one to the other, neuer to meddle with any Church- 
 man ajraine. 
 
 How Vandermast, for the disgrace that he had receiued by Fryer 
 Bacon sent a Sou/dier to kill him ; and how Fryer Bacon escaped 
 killing, and turned the Souldier from an Atheist to be a good 
 Christian. 
 
 FRYER Bacon sitting one day in his Study, looked ouer all 
 the dangers that were to happen to him that moneth, there 
 found he, that in the second weeke of the moneth between Sunne 
 rising and setting, there was a great danger to fall on him, which 
 would without great care of preuention take away his life. This 
 danger which he did foresee, was caused by the Germane 
 Coniurer Vandermast, for he vovfed a reuenge for the dis-
 
 or FRYER BACON. () 
 
 grace that he had received. To execute the sjime, hee hyred 
 a Walloon Souldier, and gaue him one hundred crownes to do 
 the same, fifty beforehand, and fifty when hee had killed him. 
 
 Fryer Bacon,io saue himselfe from this danger that was like to 
 happen to him would alwaycs when that he read, hold a ball of 
 Brasse in his hand, and vnder that ball would hee set a bason of 
 Brasse, that if hee did chance to sleepe in his reading, the fall of 
 the Ball out of his hand into the Bason, might wake him. Beinn- 
 one day in his study in this manner, and asleepe, the Walloon 
 Souldier was got in to him, and had drawne his sword to kill him: 
 but as hee was ready for to strike, downe fell the Ball out of 
 Fryer Bacons hand, and waked him. Hee seeing the Souldier 
 stand there with a sword drawne, asked him what hee was ? and 
 wherefore hee came there in that manner? The Souldier boldly 
 answered him thus: I am a Walloon, and a Souldier, and more 
 then this, a viilaine: I am come hither, because I was sent; I 
 was sent, because 1 was hyred: I was hyred, because I durst do 
 it: the tiling I should doe, is not done : the thing to be done, is 
 to kill thee: thus haue you heard what I am and why I came. 
 Fryer Bacon wondered at this man's resolution ; then asked hee 
 of him, who set him on worke to bee a murderer? Hee boldly 
 told hitn, Vandermast the Germane Coniurer: Fryer Bacon then 
 asked him what Religion he was of? He answered. Of that which 
 many doe professe, the chief principles of which were these: to 
 goe to an Ale-house, and to a Church with one deuotion, to 
 absteine from euil for want of action, and to doe good against 
 their wills. It is a good profession for a deuil (said Fryer Bacon.) 
 Doest thou belieue hell? I believe no such thing, answered the 
 Souldier. Then will I shew tliee the contrary, said the Fryer: 
 and presently raised the ghost of Julian the Apo'itate, who came 
 up with his body burning, and so full of wounds, that it almost did 
 aftVi"^ht the Souldier out of his wits. Then Bacon did command 
 this spirit to speake, and to shew what hee was, and wherefore 
 hee was thus tormented? Then spake hee to it in this manner: I 
 sometimes was a lloman Emperour: some count grealnesse a 
 happinesse: I had htippincsse beyond my Empire, had I kept 
 ihat, I had beenc a happy man: would I had lost my Empire
 
 30 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 when I lost that. I was a Christian, that was my happiness; but 
 my selfe loue and pride made me to fall from it; for which I. 
 now am punished with neuer ceasing torments, which I must still 
 endure: the like which I enioy is now prepared for unbeleeuing 
 wretches like myself, so vanished he away. 
 
 All this while the Souldier stood quaking, and sweat as he had 
 felt the torments himselfe; and falling downe on his knees desired 
 Fryer Bacon to instruct him in a better course of life, then he 
 had 3^et gone in. Fryer Bacon told him, that he should not want 
 his helpe in any thing, which he performed, instructing him 
 better: then gaue he him money, and sent him to the warres of 
 of the holy land, where he was slain. 
 
 How Frt/er Bacon decerned an old Vsurer. 
 
 NOT farre from Fryer Bacon, dwelt an olde man tliat had 
 great store of money which hee let out to vse, and would 
 neuer doe any good with it to the poore, though Fryer Bacon 
 had often put him in rainde of it, and wished him to do some 
 good whilest he liued. Fryer Bacon seeing this, by his Art 
 made an Iron pot, which seemed full of gold, this being done, 
 he went to this rich Vsurer, and told him, that he had some gold 
 which he had gathered in his time that he had liued; but it 
 being much in quantity, hee feared that if it were knowne, it 
 would be taken from him, because it was vnfitting a man of his 
 coat should haue so much: Now he desired him that hee would 
 let him haue some hundred pounds, which was not the sixth part 
 of his gold, and he should kepe it for him- The Vsurer was glad 
 to heare of this, and told him thai he should have it, and that he 
 would keep his Gold as safe as he himself would: Fryer Bacon. 
 was glad to heare of this, and presently fetcht the pot: at the. 
 sight of which the Vsurer laughed, and thought to himself, how 
 all that gold was his owne, for hee had a determination to gull 
 the Fryer, but he gulled himselfe. See here is the gold (said 
 Fryer Bacon) now let me haue of you one hunt^red pounds, and,
 
 OF FRYER 3ACON. "31 
 
 keep you this gold till I pay itTjafcke again. Very willingly (said 
 the Vsurer) and told him one hundred pounds out, which Fryer 
 Bacon tooke and deliuered him the note, and so went his way. This 
 mony did Fryer Bacon giue to diuers poore schollers, and other 
 people and bid them pray for old Good-gatherers soules health (so 
 .was this Vsurer call'd) which these poor people did, and would 
 give him thankes and prayers when they met him, which he did 
 wonder at; for he neuer deserved the praires of any man. At last 
 this old Good-gatherer went to looke on this pot of gold, but 
 instead of gold he found nothing but earth, at which sight he 
 would haue died, had not his other gold hindred him, which hee 
 was to leave behind him: so gathering vp his spirits, hee went to 
 Fryer Cacou, and told him he was abused and cheated; for which 
 he would haue the law of him, vnlcsse he made him restitution. 
 Fryer Bacon told him, that he had not cheated him, but bin his 
 faithful steward to the poore, which he could not chuse but 
 know, either by their prayers, or their thanks; and as for the law 
 he feared it not, but bid him doe his worst. The old man seeing 
 Fryer Bacons resolution, went his way, and said, that hereafter 
 hee would be his owne steward. 
 
 JJorc Miles, Tryer Bacons man did coniure for meaf, and got meat 
 for himselfe and his Iloast. 
 
 MILES chanced one day vpon some businesse, to goe some 
 six miles from home, and being loth to part with some 
 company that he had, he was be-lated, and could get but halfe 
 way liome that night: to saue his purse hee went to ones house 
 that was his Masters acquaintance: but when he came, the 
 good man of the house was not at home, and the woman would 
 not let him have lodging. Mi/es seeing such cold entertainment 
 wished he had not troubled her, but being now there, he was loth 
 to goe any further and therefore with good words he pcrswaded 
 her for to "ive him lodging that night. She told hiui that she 
 would willinglv do it;, if hei husband were at home, but he being
 
 31 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 now out of towne, it would be to her discredit to lodge any man. 
 You neede not mistrust me, (said Miles) for I haue no thought to 
 attempt your chastitie: locke me in any place where there is a 
 bed, and I will not trouble you till to morrow that I rise. She 
 thinking her husband would be angry if she should deny any of 
 his friends so small a request, consented that he should lye there, 
 if that he would be locked vp : Miles was contented and presently 
 went to bed, and she locked him into the chamber where he lay. 
 Long had not he beene a bed, but he heard the doore open ; 
 with that he rose and peeped through a chinke of the partition, 
 and saw an old man come in: this man set down his Basket that 
 he had on his arme, and gaue the woman of the house three or four 
 sweet kisses, which made Miles his mouth runne with water to see 
 it: Then did bee vndoe his Basket, and pulled out of it a fat 
 Capon ready roasted, and Bread, with a bottle of good olde 
 Sacke: this gaue bee vnto her, saying: Sweetheart, hearing thy 
 Husband was out of towne, I thought good to visite thee, I ani 
 not come emptie handed, but haue brought some thing to be 
 merrie withal: lay the clothe sweete Hony, and let vs first to 
 Banquet, and then to bed. She kindly thanked him, and pre- 
 sently did as he bad her: They were not scarce set at the Table, 
 but her husband returning backe, knockt at the doore. The 
 woman hearing this was amazed, and knew not what to doe with 
 her old Lover: but looking on her apron strings, she straight 
 found (as women vse to doo) a trick to put herself free from this 
 feare? for shee put her Louer vnder the bed, the Capon and 
 Bread she put under a Tub, the bottle of Wine shee put behinde 
 the Chest, and then she did open the doore, and with a dis- 
 sembling kisse welcomed her husband home, asking him the 
 reason why that he returned so quickly. He told her, that bee had 
 foigot the money that he should haue carried with him, but on 
 the morrow betimes bee would be gone. Miles saw and heard all 
 this: and hauing a desire to taste of the Capon and the Wine, 
 called to the Goodman. He asked his wife who that was? She 
 told him, an acquaintance of his, that intreatcd lodging there 
 that night. He bid her open the door, which she did, and let 
 Miles out. Hee seeing Miles there, bid him welcome, and bade
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 33 
 
 iiis wife to set them some meate on ihe table: she told him that 
 there was not any read}', but prayed him to kepehis stomacke till 
 morrow, and then she would prouide them a good breakefast. 
 Since it is so Miles (said the goodman) wee must rest contented, 
 and sleepe out our hunger. Nay stay said Miles, if that you can 
 eate, I can find you good meat; I am a Scholler, and haue some 
 Art. I would faine see it (said the goodman) You shall quoth 
 Miles, and that presently. With that Miles pulled forth a booke 
 out o^ his bosome, and began his Coniuration in this fashion : 
 
 From the fearefull Lake below. 
 From whence Spirits come and goe; 
 Straightway come one and attend 
 Fryer Bacons man, and friend. 
 
 Comes there none yet, quoth Miles? then I must vse some 
 other Charme. 
 
 Now the Ovvle is flowne abroad. 
 For I heare the croaking Toade, 
 And the Bat that shuns the day. 
 Through the darke doth make her way. 
 Now the ghosts of men doe rise. 
 And with fearful hideous cryes, 
 Secke reuengeraent (from the good) 
 On their heads that spilt their blood. 
 Come some Spirit, quicke I say. 
 Night's the Deuils Holy-day : 
 Where ere you be, in denncs, or lake. 
 In the luy, Ewe, or Brake : 
 Quickly come and me attend. 
 That am Bacons man and friend. 
 But I will haue you take no shape 
 (Jf a Beare, a Horse, or Ape: 
 Nor will I haue you terrible, 
 And thercibre come invisible. 
 
 F
 
 34 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 Now is he come, (quoth Miles) and therefore tell me what meat 
 you will haue mine Hoastr Any thing Miles, (said the Goode- 
 man) what thou wilt. Why then (said Miles) what say you to a 
 Capon? I loue it aboue all meat (said the Goodman.) Why then 
 a Capon you shall haue, and that a good one too. Bemo my 
 spirit that I have raised to doe mee seruice, I charge thee, seeke 
 and search about the earth, and bring me hither straight the best 
 of Capons ready roasted. Then stood hee still a little, as though 
 he had attended the comming of his spirit, and on the sudden 
 said : It is well done my Bemo, hee hath brought me (mine 
 Hoast^ a fat Capon from the King of Tripolis owne Table, and 
 bread with it. Aye, but where is it Miles (said the Hoast) 1 see 
 neither Spirit nor Capon. Looke under the Tub (quoth Miles) 
 and there you shall finde it. He presently did, and brought (to 
 his wiues griefe) the Capon and Bread out. Stay (quoth Miles) 
 we do yet want some drinke that is comfortable and good ; I 
 think (mine Hoast) a bottle of Maliga Sacke were not amisse, I 
 will haue it: Bemo, haste thee to Maliga, and fetch me from the 
 Governours, a Bottle of his best Sacke. The poore woman 
 thought that hee would haue betrayed her and her louer, and 
 therefore wished that he had beene hanged, when that hee came 
 first into her house. Hee hauing stood a little while, as before, 
 saide: Well done, Bemo, looke behinde the great chest (mine 
 Hoast ) Hee did so, and brought out the Bottle of Sacke. Now 
 (quoth hee) Miles sit downe, and welcome to thine owne Cheere: 
 You may see wife (quoth he) what a man of Art can doe, get a 
 fatte Capon, and a Bottle of good Sacke in a quarter of an 
 houre, and for nothing, wiiich is best of all: Come (good wife) 
 sit downe, and bee merry; for all this is paid for, I thanke 
 Miles. 
 
 Shee sate, but could not eat a bit for anger, but wished that 
 every bit they did eate might choake them: Her old Louer too 
 that lay vnder the bed all this while, was ready to bepisse himselfe 
 for feare, for hee still looked when that Miles would discouer 
 him. When they had eaten and drunke well, the good man 
 desired Miles that hee would let him see the Spirit that fetched 
 them this good cheere : Miles seemed vnwilling, telling him that
 
 or FRYER BACON. 85 
 
 it was against the Lawes of Art, to let an illiterate man see a 
 Spirit, but yet, for once hee would let him see it: and told him 
 withall, that hee must open the door, and soundly beat the 
 Spirit; or else hee should bee troubled hereafter with it: and 
 because he should not feare it, hee would put it in the shape of 
 some one of his neighbours. The Good man told him, that hee 
 neede not to doubt his valour, he would beat him soundly, and 
 to that purpose hee took a good Cudgell in his hand, and did 
 stande ready for him. Miles then went to the bed side, vndcr 
 which the old man lay, and began to coniure him with these words, 
 
 Bemo quickly come, appeare. 
 Like an old man that dwells neere : 
 Quickly rise, and in his shape. 
 From this house make thy escape; 
 Quickly rise, or else I sweare, 
 lie put thee in a worser feare. 
 
 The old man seeing no remedy, but that hee must needes 
 come forth, put a good face on it, and rose from under the bed : 
 Behold my Spirit (quoth Miles) that brought me all that you 
 haue had ; Now bee as good as your word and swaddle him 
 soundly. I protest (said the Goodman) your Deuill is as like 
 Goodman Stumpe the Tooth-drawer, as a Pomewater is like an 
 Apple: Is it possible that your Spirits can take otiicr mens 
 shapes: He teach this to keepehisowne shape; with tiiat hee beat 
 the old man soundly, so that Miles was faine to take him off, and 
 put the old man out of doore, so after some laughing, to bed 
 they all went: but the woman could not sleepe for griofe, that 
 her old Louer had had such bad usage for her sake.
 
 36 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 How Fryer Bacon did helpe a young man to his Szceetheart, which 
 Fryer Bungye would have married to another; and of the mirth 
 that was at the wedding. 
 
 AN Oxfordshire Gentleman had long time loued a faire 
 Mayde, called Millisant ; this lotie of his was as kindly 
 receiued of her, as it was freely giuen of him^ so that there 
 wanted nothing to the finishing of their ioyes, but the consent of 
 her Father, who would not grant that she should bee his vvife 
 (though formerly he had been a meanes to further the match) by 
 reason there was a Knight that was a suitor to her, and did desire 
 that bee might haue her to bis wife: But this Knight could neuer 
 get from her the least token of good will : so surely was her loue 
 fixed vpon the Gentleman. This Knight seeing himselfe thus 
 despised, went to Fryer 3iingye, and told him his mind, and did 
 promise him a good piece of money if he could get her for him, 
 either by his Art, or Counsell. 
 
 Bungye (being couetous) told him, that there was no better 
 way in his mind, than to get her with her Father to go take the 
 ayre in a Coach: and if hee could doe so, he would by his Art so 
 direct the horses, that they should come to an old Cliappell, 
 where hee would attend, and there they might secretly be 
 married. The Knight rewarded him for his counsell, and told 
 him, that if it tooke effect, he would be more bountifull unto 
 him, and presently went to her Father, and told him of this. 
 Hee liked well of it, and forced the poore Maid to ride with them. 
 So soone as they were in the Coach, the horses ran presently to 
 the Chappell, where they found Fryer Bungye attending for 
 them : At the sight of the Church and the Priest, the poore 
 Maid knew that she was betraid, so that for griefe shee fell in a 
 swound : to see which her Father and the Knight, were very 
 much grieued, and vsed their best skill for her recouery. 
 
 In this time, her best Beloued, the Gentleman, did come to 
 her Father's to visit her, but finding her not there! and hearing 
 that she was gone with her Father, and the Knight, he mistrusted 
 some foul play : and in all hast went to Fryer Bacon, and desired
 
 OI" FR^iER HACOS.. .-J^ 
 
 of him some hefp lo recouer his Loue againe, whom he feared 
 was utterly lost. 
 
 Fryer Bacon (knowing him for a vertuous Gentleman) pittyed 
 him; and to giiie his griefes some release, shewed him a Glasse, 
 wherein any one might see any thing done (within fiftv miles 
 space) that they desired: So soone as he looked in the Glasse, 
 liee saw his Loue Millisant with her Father, and the Ktiight, 
 ready to be married by Fryer Bungle: At the sight of this hee 
 cryed out that he was vndone, for now should lie lose his life in 
 iosrng of his Loue. Fryer Bacon bids him take comfort, for he 
 would preuent the marriage; so taking this Gentleman in his 
 armes, he set himselfe downe in an enchanted Chaire, and 
 suddenly they were carried tlirough the ayre to the Chappell. 
 Just as they came in, Fryer Bungye was ioyning their hands to 
 marry them: but Fryer Bacon spoylcd his speech, for he strucke 
 him dumbe, so that he could not spcake a worde. Then raised 
 he a myst in the Chappell, so that neither the Father could see 
 his Daughter, nor the Dauglitcr her Father, nor the Knigbt 
 either of ihcm. Then tooke he Millisatit by the hand, and led 
 her to the man she most desired : they both wept for ioy, that thoy 
 so happily once more had met, and kindly thanked Fryer Bacon. 
 
 It greatly pleased Fryer Biicon to see the passion of these two 
 Louers, and seeing them both contented, he marryed tliem at the 
 Chappell (ioore, whilest her Father, the Knight, and Fryer 
 Hungye went groping within, and could not find the way out. 
 Now when he had married them, he bid them get lodging at the 
 next Village, and he would send his man with money: (lor the 
 Gentleman was not stored, and he had a great way to his house) 
 they did as he bad them. That night hee sent his man Milc 
 with money to them; but he kept her Father, the Knight, and 
 Fryer Bungey till the next day at noon in the Chappell, i're he 
 released them. 
 
 The Gentleman and his new married wire made that nighi a 
 i^ri-at Suj)per for ioy of their marriage, and bid to it most of ihe 
 \illage: They wanlecl notliiii;/; but Musicke, for which iht-y 
 made great nioane. 'J hi.-, want, Fryer Bacon (though he was 
 ;!bsent) supplied; For afier Supper there came such a Miiske.
 
 38 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 that the like was neuer scene in that Village: For first, there was 
 heard most sweet still Musicke, then wind Musicke : Then came 
 three Apes, and three Monkeys, each of them carrying a Torch : 
 after them followed sixe Apes and Monkeys more, all dressed in 
 Anticke coats: these last sixe fell a dancing in such an odde 
 manner, that they moued all the beholders to much laughter: so 
 after diuers Antick changes, they did reuerence to theBridegroome 
 and Bride, and so departed in order as they came in. They all 
 did maruell from whence these should come : but the Bridegroome 
 knew that it was Fryer Bacons Art that gaue them this grace to 
 their Wedding. When all was done, to bed they went, and 
 enioyed their wishes. The next day he went home to his owne 
 house with his Bride: and for the cost he had bestowed on them, 
 most part of the Townes-folke brought them on their way. 
 
 Miles made one amonst them too ; he for his Masters sake was 
 so plyed with Cups, that he in three dayes was scarce sober : fov 
 his welcome, at his departure he gaue them this song: To the 
 tune of, / haue beetle a Fiddler j 8^c. 
 
 And did not you heare of a mirth that befell, 
 
 the morrow after a wedding day : 
 At carrying a Bride at home to dwell, 
 
 and away to Twiuer, away, away ? 
 
 The Quintin was set, and the garlands were made, 
 'tis a pity old custome should euer decay : 
 
 And woe be to him that was horst on a lade, 
 for he carried no credit away, away. 
 
 We met a consort of Fiddle-de-dees, 
 
 we set them a cock-horse, and made them to play, 
 The winning of Bullen, and Vpsie-frees, 
 
 and away to Twiuer away, away.
 
 OF FRYER BACON.. SJ) 
 
 There was ne'er a Lad in all the Parish, 
 
 that would goe to the Plow that daj ; 
 But on his Fore-horse his Wench he carries, 
 
 and away to Twiuer, away, away. 
 
 The Butler was quicke, and the Ale he did tap, 
 the Maidens did make the chamber full gay : 
 
 The Serving-men gaue me a Pudding Cap, 
 and I did carye it away, away. 
 
 The Smith of the Towne his Liquor so tooke, 
 that he was perswaded the ground look'd blue, 
 
 And I dare boldly to sweare on a booke, 
 such Smiths as he there are but a few. 
 
 A Posset was made, and the women did sip^ 
 and simpering said they could eate no more: 
 
 Full many a maid was laid on the lip: 
 He say no more, but so giue o're. 
 
 They kindly thanked Miles for his Song, and so sent him home 
 with a Foxe at his Tayle. His Master asked him. Where he had 
 beene so long ? He told him at the Wedding. I know it, (said 
 Fryer Bacon) that thou hast beene there, and I know also (thou 
 beast) that thou hast been euery day drunke. That is the worst 
 that you can say by me. Master, for still poore men must be 
 drunke, if that they take a cup more than ordinary; but it is not 
 so with the rich. Why how is it with the rich then.' I will tell 
 you (said Miles) in few words. 
 
 Lawyers they are sicke. 
 And Fryers are ill at ease; 
 But poore men they are drunke. 
 And all is one disease. 
 
 Well sirrah (said Fryer Bacon) let mc not heaie that you are 
 infected any more with this disease, lest 1 giue you sowre sawce
 
 40 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 to 5'our sweet meat. Thus did Fryer Bacoti helpe these poore 
 Louers, who in short time got the loue of the old man, and liued 
 in great io^^: Fryer Biingye's tongue was againe let loose, and 
 all were friends. 
 
 Hozo V^andermast and Fryer Bun/rye met, avd how they striued who 
 should excel one another in their Coniurations ; and of their 
 deaths. 
 
 VANDERMAST thinking that Fryer Bacon had beene dead, 
 came into England, and in Kent met with Fryer Bungey : 
 he owing him no good will for Fryer Bacons sake, took his horse 
 out of the Stable, and instead of it, left a Spirit like vnfo it. 
 Fryer Btingye in the morning rose, and mounting this Spirit, 
 (which he thought had beene his Horse) rode on his ioarney : 
 but he riding through a water, was left in the niidst of it by this 
 Spirit; and being thus wet, hee returned to his Inne. At the 
 Inne doore, Vandermast met him, and asked him, if that v^ere 
 swimming time of the year? Bungye told him. If that he had 
 been so well horsed as he was, when Fryer Bacon sent him into 
 (iermnny, he might have escaped that washing. At this Fander- 
 mast bit his lip, and said no more, but went in. Bungye thought 
 that he would be euen with him, which was in this manner. 
 Fandermast loued a Wench well, which was in the house, and 
 sought many times to winne her for gold, loue, or promises. 
 Bungye knowing this, did shape a Spirit like this Wench, which 
 he sent to Vandermast . Pandermast appointed the Spirit (think- 
 ing it had beene the Wench) to come to his Chamber liiat night, 
 and was very ioyful that he should enicjy her now at the hist: but 
 his ioy turned into sorrow, and his wanton hopes into a bad 
 nights lodging: for Fryer Bungye had by \ns Art sprejid such a 
 sheet on his bed, that no sooner was he laid with the Spirit on it, 
 but it was carryed through the ay re, and let fall into a deepo 
 Pond, where Vundermaat had been drowned, if he had not had 
 the Art of swimming: He got quickly out of the Pond, and 
 shaked himselie like a rough V\ ater-Spanniel ; but being out, he
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 41 
 
 was as much vexed as before, for be could not tell the way home, 
 but was glad to keepe himselfe in heat that night with walking. 
 Next day he comming to his Inne, Fryer Bungye asked him 
 how he did like his Wench ? he said. So well, that he wished 
 l)im such another. Bungye told him, that his Order did forbid 
 him the vse of any, and therefore he might keepe them for his 
 friends : Thus did they continually vexe each other, both in words, 
 and ill actions. Vandermast desiring to do Fryer Bungey a 
 mischiefe, did challenge him to the field (not to fight at Sword 
 and Dagger, single Rapier, or case of Poinyards, but at worser 
 weapons farre, it was at tliat diabolical Art of Magicke) there 
 to shew which of them was most cunning, or had most power 
 cuer the Deuill: Bungye accepted of his challenge, and both 
 prouided themselues of things belonging to the Art, and to the 
 field they went. 
 
 There they both spied their Circles some hundred foot from 
 one another: and after some other Ceremonies did Vandermast 
 begin: Hee by his Charmes did raise vp a fiery Dragon, which 
 did runne about Fryer Bungyes Circle, and did scorch him with 
 his heat so that he was almost ready to melt. Fryer Bungle 
 tormented Vandermast in another Element : for he raised vp the 
 Sea-monster that Perseus killed, when he did redeem the faire 
 Andromeda. This Sea-monster did run about Vandermast, and 
 such flouds of water did he send out of his wide mouth, that 
 Vandermast was almost drowned. Then did IVyer Bungye raise 
 a Spirit vp like Saint George, who fought with the Dragon, and 
 killed it: Vandermast (following iiis example) raysed vp Perseus, 
 who fought also with his Sea-monster, and killed it, so were they 
 both released from their danger. 
 
 They being not contented with this tryall of their skill, went 
 further in their Couiurations, and raised vp two Spirits, each of 
 them one. Bungye charged his Spirit for to assist him with the 
 greatest power hee had, that by it he might be able to ouereonie 
 Vandermast. The Deuill told him he would, if ihat he from his 
 left arnie would giue iiim but three drops of blood : but if that he 
 did deny him that, then shoulcl Vandermast have jjower ouer 
 him to doe what lie would: The like told Vandermasts Deuill to 
 
 u
 
 4^ THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 him: to this demand of the Spirits, they both agreed, thinking 
 for toouercome each other; hut the Deuill ouerthrew them both. 
 
 They hauing giuen the Deuil this bloud, as is before spoken 
 of, they both fell againe to their Coniurations : First, Biaigye did 
 rayse Achilles with his Greekes, who marched abont Vandermast 
 and threatned him. Then Vandermast raised Hector with his 
 Troians, who defended him from Achilles and the Greekes. Then 
 began there a great battell between the Greekes and Troians^ 
 which continued a good space : At last Hector was slaine, and 
 the Troians fled. Then did follow a great tempest, with thund- 
 ring and lightning, so that the two Coniiners wished that they 
 had been away. But wishes were in vaine: for now the time 
 was come, that the Deuill would be paid for the knowledge that 
 he had lent them, he would not tarry any longer, but then tooke 
 them in the height of their wickednesse, and bereft them of their 
 Hues. 
 
 When the Tempest was ended, (which did greatly affright the 
 Townes there by) the Townesmcn found the bodies of these two 
 men, {Vandermast and Bungeif) breathlesse, and strangely burnt 
 with fire. The one had Christian buriall, because of his Order 
 sake : the other, because he was a stranger. Thus was the end 
 of these two famous Coniurers. 
 
 Hozc Miles would coninre for money, and how he broke his legge 
 
 forfearc. 
 
 MILES one day finding his Masters Study open, stole out of 
 it one of his Coniuring-Bookes: with this Booke would 
 Miles needes coniure for some money: (for he saw that his 
 Master had money enough, and he desired the like, wiiich did 
 make him bold to trouble one of his Masters Deuiis:) in a 
 private place he thought it best to doe it: therefore he went vp 
 to the top of the house, and there began to reade; Long had he 
 not read, but a Deuill came to him in an vgly shape, and asked 
 him what he would haue r Miles being affrighted, could not 
 speake, but stood quaking there like an Aspin kaic: the Deuill
 
 OF FRYER BACON. 43 
 
 seeing hlin so, (to increase his feare) raised a tempest, and hurled 
 fire about, which made Miles leape from off the Leades, and with 
 his fall broke his legge. 
 
 Fryer Bacon hearing this noyse, ranne forth, and found his 
 man Miles on the ground, and the Deuill hurling fire on the 
 house toj). First laid he the Deuill againe : Then went he to his 
 man and asked how hee got that broken legge? Hee told him 
 his Deuill did it: for he had frighted him, and made him leape 
 off from the house top. AV'hat didst thou there, (said his 
 Master?) I went to coniure. Sir (said Miles) for money; but I 
 haue got nothing but a broken legge; and I now must beg for 
 money to cure that, if you be not the more pittifull to me. I 
 haue oftentimes giuen 3'ou warning not to meddle with my bookes 
 (said his Master) and yet you will still be doing: take heed, you 
 had best, how you deale with the Deuil againe: for he that had 
 power to breake your legge will breake your nccke, if you againe 
 doe meddle with him: for this I doe forgiue you: for your legge 
 breaking hath paid for your sawcinesse: and though I gaue you 
 not a broken head, I will giue you a plaister: and so sent him to 
 the Cliirurgions. 
 
 Hozc two young Genllemen that came to Fryer Bacon, to knozc how 
 their fathers did, killed one another; and hozc Fryer Hacon for 
 griefe, did, breake his rare G/asse, zc'herein he could see any thing 
 that zcas done zcithinjifly miles about him. 
 
 IT is spoken of belorc now, that Trycr Bacon had a Glasse, 
 wliich was of that excellent nature, that any man uiiglit 
 behold any thing that he desired to see uiihin the conipa^se of 
 fifty miles round about liiin: \\ itli this Glasse hi- liad [)k'asured 
 diners kinds of people: lor Fathers did oftentinus desire to see 
 (lliereby) how tiieir Cjhildren did, and ChiKlren how their Parents 
 did; one Friend how anotlicr did; and one enemy (sometimes) 
 how his Fiieinv did : so tluiL iVom fai tliev woidti euuie to see 
 this woiiderlnll G'las-e. ll hap[)etied one dav, thai iheie came to 
 him two voiuiL^ Cie'iitlemeii. (thai wc re (.'oimtiey men, and NeiL.di-
 
 44 THE FAMOUS HISTORY 
 
 bors children) for to know of him by his Glasse, how their 
 Fathers did ; Hee being no niggard of his cunning, let them see 
 his Glasse, wherein they straight beheld their wishes, which they 
 (through their owne follies) bought at their lives losses, as you 
 shall heare* 
 
 The Fathers of these two Gentlemen, (in their Sonnes absence)' 
 were become great foes : this hatred betweene them was growne 
 to that height, that wheresoeuer they met, they had not onely 
 wordes, but blowes: Just at that time, as it should seeme, that 
 their Sonnes were looking to see how they were in health, they 
 were met, and had drawne, and were together by the eares. 
 Their Sonnes seeing this, and hauing been alwayes great friends, 
 knew not what to say to one another, but beheld each other with 
 angry lookes: At last, one of their Fathers, as they might per- 
 ceiue in the Glasse, had a fall, and the other taking aduantage, 
 stood ouer him ready to strike him; The Sonne of him that was 
 downe, could then containe himselfe no longer, but told the 
 other young man, this his Father had receiued wrong. He 
 answered againe, that it was faire. At last there grew such foule 
 words betweene them, and their bloods were so heated, that they 
 presently stabbed one the other with their Daggers, aud so fell 
 downe dead. 
 
 Fryer Bacon seeing them fall, ranne to them, but it was too 
 late for they were breathlesse ere he came. This made him to 
 grieue exceedingly : he iudging that they had receiued the cause 
 of their deaths by this Glasse, tookc the Glasse in his hand, and 
 vttered words to this efi'ect: 
 
 Wretched Bacon, wretched in thy knowledge, in tliy vnder- 
 standing wretched; for thy Art hath beene the mine of these two 
 Gentlemen. Had I been busied in those holy things, the which 
 mine order tyes me to, I had not had that time tliat made this 
 wicked Glasse: Wicked I well may call it, that is the causer of 
 so vile an Act : would it were sensible, then should it feelc my 
 wrath; but being as it is, lie ruin it for ruining of them: and 
 with that he broke his rare and wonderfull Glasse, whose like the 
 whole world had not. In this grief" of his, came there newes to 
 liim of the deaths of Vandermast aud Fryer Biingcy: This did
 
 OF FRTBR BACON. 45 
 
 increase his griefe, and made him sorrowfull, that in three days 
 he would not eate any thing but kept his Chamber. 
 
 How Tryer Baccn hurnt his books of Magick, and gave kimselfe to 
 the study of Diuinity only\ and how he turned Anchorite, 
 
 IN the time that Fryer Bacon kept his Chamber, hee fell into 
 diuers meditations: sometimes into the vanity of Arts and 
 Sciences : then would hee condemne himselfe for studying of 
 those things that were so contrary to his Order and Soules 
 health; and would say, that Magicke made a Man a Deuill: 
 sometimes would hee meditate in Diuinity; then would he cry 
 out vpon himselfe, for neglecting the study of it, and for study- 
 ing Magick : sometime would he meditate on the shortnesse of 
 mans life, then would he condemne himselfe for spending a time 
 so short, so ill as he had done his: so would he goe from one 
 thing to another and in all condemne his former studies. 
 
 And that the world should know how truly he did repent his 
 wicked life, he caused to be made a great fire; and sending for 
 many of his Friends, Schollers, and others, he spake to them 
 after this manner: My good Friends and fellow Students, ii is 
 not vnknowne vnto you, how that through my Art I haue attained 
 to that credit, that few men lining euer had : Of the wonders 
 that 1 hane done, all England can speak, both King and Com- 
 mons: I haue unlocked the secret of Art and nature, and let the 
 world see those things, that haue layen hid since the death of 
 Hermes, that rare and profound Philosopher : My Studies haue 
 found the secrets of the Starres; the Bookes that 1 haue made of 
 them, doe serue for Presidents to our greatest Doctors, so excel- 
 lent hath my Judgment beene therein. I likewise have found out 
 the secrets of Trees, Plants and Stones, with their seuerall vses; 
 yet all this knowledge of mine I esieeme so lightly, that I wish 
 that I were ignorant, and knew nothing: for the knowledge of 
 these things, (as I haue truly found) serueth not to better u man 
 in goodnesse, but onely to make him proud Hnd thinke too well ol" 
 liitnseire. What hath all my knowledge ol' natures secrets gauu'd
 
 46 THE FAMOUS HISTORY, <S)C. 
 
 me ? Onely this, the losse of a better knowledge, the losse of 
 diu'ine Studies, which makes the immortali part of man (his Soule) 
 blessed. I haue found, that my knowledge has beene a heauy 
 burden, and has kept downe my good thoughts: but I will 
 remoue the cause, which are these Bookes : which I doe purpose 
 here before you all to burne. They all in treated him to spare the 
 Bookes, because in them there were those things that after-ages 
 might receiue great benefit by. He would not hearken vnto 
 them, but threw them all into the fire, and in that flame burnt the 
 greatest learning in the world. Then did he dispose of all his 
 goods ; some part he gaue to poor Schollers, and some he gaue to 
 other poore folkes: nothing left he for himselfe: then caused he 
 to be made in the Church-wall a Cell, where he locked himselfe 
 in, and there remained till his death. His time hee spent in 
 Prayer, Meditation, and such Diuine Exercises, and did seeke by 
 all means to perswade men from the study of Magicke. Thus 
 lined he some two yeeres space in thai Cell, neuer comming 
 forth : his meat and drink he receiued in at a window, and at that 
 window he did discourse with those that came to him ; His 
 graue he digged with his owne nayles, and was laid 
 there when he dyed. Thus was the Life and 
 Death of this famous Fryer, who liued 
 most part of his life a Magician, 
 and dyed a true peni- 
 tent Sinner, and an 
 Anchorite. 
 
 FINIS
 
 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 GOVERNMENT 
 
 OF 
 
 THE HOUSE OF AN EARLE 
 
 SKI DOWNE RV 
 
 ^^_,^^V3- _^^^9i^ux^h^*>^xx<i 
 
 PRINTED FOR R. TRIPMOOK. OIJ) HOM) STREET 
 
 \\\ HI.NJAMIN liKNSI.KY, luil.l (OllU, 11.111 MUKI.T. 
 
 1821
 
 ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 There is scarcely any subject more interesting than that which 
 relates to the Manners and Customs of our Ancestors, and this Document 
 is one of the very few which has been handed down concerning the 
 Domestic Management of the houses of persons of high rank, which in 
 the succeeding reign underwent an almost total change. The following 
 List of Works which have been printed on the same subject, or connected 
 with it, is given, in order that the reader may form his own comparison 
 between the dry Detail and the Naivete with which these " Rules and 
 Orders " are set forth. 
 
 The MS. from which it has been printed was purcha.sed at tlie Sale of 
 a portion of the Library of the late Mr. Ruding, in AprU 1821. 
 
 1. THE NORTHUMBERLAND HOUSEHOLD BOOK, edited 
 by Dr. Percy ; first printed in 8vo. and again in the 4th volume of the 
 Antiquarian Repertory, 4to. 1810. 
 
 2. A BREVIATE touching the Order and Governmente of the 
 House of a Nobleman. 1605. Communicated by Sir Joseph Banks, 
 and printed in the 13th vol. of The Archacologia. 
 
 3. ORDERS made by Henry, Prince of AVales, respecting his 
 Household, in 1610. Communicated by F. Douce, Esq. and printed 
 in The Archaeologia, vol. 14. 
 
 4 Collection of ORDINANCES AND REGULATIONS for the 
 Government of the Royal Household, uwide m divers reigns, from 
 tdward HL to William and Mary.
 
 
 ^. <:: ':'''
 
 Some Rules and Orders for the Government 
 
 of the House of an Earle, set downe 
 
 by R. B. at the instant request 
 
 of his loving frende, M. L. 
 
 What Officers and Servants the state of an Earle requireth to have: 
 
 which may be added unto, or diminishedf as pleaseth 
 
 his lyordshipp. 
 
 THIRST a StcM'ard, a Treasiirour, and Comptroler, which three 
 -'- are to be called the cheefe Officers. He may have an Au- 
 ditor, and a Receiver ; but theese are extraordinary, and two of 
 the cheefe Officers (being- men of experience) may supply those 
 places ; the one in taking accompt, the other in receiving rents 
 and profitts, and therby free the Earl from fees that belong to 
 those Officers. He may have a Clarke Comptroler, but that 
 iieedeth not, if the cheefe Officers be painefuU in their places. 
 He is to have two gentelmen Ushers, a PrCficher or Chaplaine 
 in ordinarye, besides as many extraordinarye as he pleaseth. A 
 gentelman of the Horse, A Sccretarye, tenn gentelmen waiters, 
 two gentlemen pages, a Clarke of the Kitchin, an Yeoman Usher, 
 and Groome of the great Chamber, Two Yeomen of the Warde- 
 robe of apparell for the Earle and Ladye : Two Groomes for their 
 bedchamber, one Yeoman and Groome for tho Warderobc of 
 Bedds. An Yeoman Vslier, and Groome for the Hall. An Yeo- 
 man and Groome for the Sellor, An Yeoman and Groome for 
 the Pantry. An Yeoman and Groome tor the Buttery. An Yeo- 
 man for the Ewerye. An Yeoman of the Horse. An Yeoman 
 rider. Five Musitions. Six Yeomen waiters. Two Footemen.
 
 4 SOMK RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 An Yeoman Purveyor. A master Cooke, Under Cookes and 
 Pastry men three. An Yeoman and Groome in the Squillerye. 
 One to be in tUe Larder and Slaughter house. An Achator. 
 Conducts and Kitchin boyes three. Two in the woodeyarde In 
 the Bakehouse, Brewhouse, and Granorye, five. A Trumpeter. 
 A Drumme. An Yeoman and Groome in the Armoiye. An Yeo- 
 man and Groome for the garden. A coatcheman, A waggoner, 
 Six Groomes for the Stable, A groome for the Lawndry, Two 
 Yeomen Porters. 
 
 Gentlewomen, Chambermaydes, and Lawnederers, the number 
 to be set downe by the Earle and his Ladye. 
 
 The Earle having furnished himselfe with that number of 
 Officers and Servants as it pleaseth him to keepe, and (for that 
 it may be) that some of his gentlemen waiters are by birth and 
 discent of better place then those the Earle shall make choise 
 of to be his cheefe Officers, in which regarde they may dislike 
 to be at their directions or appointments, and therupon dis- 
 sentions may growe (as in my time I have scene), I thincke it fitt 
 that the Earle call before him selfe, in place convenient, all or 
 the greatest parte of the Officers and Servants, and either by 
 him selfe or by such other person as pleaseth him to appointe 
 thereto, to let them understande, that in respecte of the service 
 he is to doe to his King and Country, and his other affayres, he 
 cannot himselfe oversee the government and order of his familye, 
 and therefore hath made choice of T. C. R. D. and J. P., or two 
 of them to be his cheefe officers. And, forasmuch, as neither 
 private familye, citye, or common wealth can be rightly ordered 
 and governed, except in the first place, the Lord of Lordes be 
 feared, loved, honoured and served, he doth earnestly rc(iuire and 
 straightly charge his cheefe Officers to be vigilant and carefull to 
 marke and see if any inferiour Officers, gentlemen i)ages, yeo- 
 men, or groomes be careles or slacke in comming to the place 
 api)ointed for the ordinary Lecture, or to njorning and evening 
 prayer ; and if any fayle to come to examine them and try whe- 
 ther ther were iust cause for their absence or not, also they are 
 to learne and search out whether any in his house doe not pro-
 
 FOa THE HOUSK OF AN EARLE. O 
 
 fesse God, his tnie religion, or that be Idolaters, blasphemers of 
 his holy name, profancrs of the Sabaoth, not giving reverence to 
 Prince and Parente, given unto fighting or quarrelling whereby 
 murder may ensew ; that be adulterers, fornicators, or haw^nters 
 of bad houses, using to lye out of his house in the nighte ; that 
 be fellons, or purloyners; or that be bearers of false witnes, 
 tellers of lying tales, breeders of contention; or that be drunkards, 
 hawnters of tavernes or alehouses. Theese and such like vices 
 and offences, yow, my cheefe ofiicers, shall punish in the manner 
 and forme following : For the first offence (whether it be com- 
 mitted by gentleman, yeoman, or groome), yow shall call the 
 partye offending before yow in the cownting house, and ther very 
 sharpely admonish him and threaten him : For the seconde offence, 
 if he be a gentleman, yow shall imprison him in the cownting 
 house, vnder the custodye of an yeoman vsher : if he be an yeoman 
 or groome, then to imi)rison him in the porters lodge : the partye 
 offending to remaine imprisoned so long time as in your dis- 
 cretions yow thincke the penaltye of the faulte deserveth, except 
 I or my wife conimande the contrarye : For the tliirdo offence, 
 (whether it be committed by gentleman, yeoman, or groome) 
 the partye offending is to be called before yow into the cownting 
 house, the greatest parte of my servants being ther assembled ; 
 and yow shall openly make recitall of all his offences, and take 
 from him his livery, or at the least his badge, and pay him such 
 wages as to him is due, dischardging him from comming Avithiii 
 my house, that he may be an examj)le to others : this shall vow 
 doe, except my wife or 1 command the contrary. Secondly, yee 
 my cheefe officers are to be carefull, and as much as lietli in von 
 to foresee, that 1 and my Ladye be orderly and (iiitifidly served 
 and reverenced. Thirdly, that my familye ni;iy live together in 
 I(jve and kindenes. Lastlye, yee are to see all kinde of pi'ovisions 
 to bf made for my household, and the same to l)e oi'derlv ex- 
 pended, and waste avoyded. And to tlie end yow max be the 
 better obeyed in all direction- and a|)poinfn!ents that shall apper- 
 taine to my service, I have cause<l this a-^sembly to he made: 
 And vow nivne other Ollicers and Seivants I doe now \ei'v car-
 
 6 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 nestly chardge and commande yow all, upon perill of my dis- 
 pleasure, and losse of yowr places of service, that none of yow 
 be so unadvisedly hardy as to shew against my saide cheefe Officers 
 contempt or frowardnes, fFor if any happen so to doe, I will take 
 it as if it were done against my selfe. If any of yow be ignorant 
 what doth belong and appertaine to the place he serveth me in, 
 resorte to my saide cheefe officers, who shall instructe yow and 
 further enforme yow of my will and pleasure. Praying God to 
 give yow all grace ; first, to honour and feare him ; secondly, 
 dutifully and honestly to serve mee; and lastly, that yow may 
 live in love and kindnes together : and so, for this time, I dis- 
 misse yow. 
 
 My meaning is not to wish the Earle to follow this, my rude 
 discourse ; but to serve for a grownde for him to frame a better 
 speech upon. 
 
 fVhai men they are to he, which are Jitt to serve the Earle for hi<i 
 cheefe Officers, and what doth appertaine to their place. 
 
 THHE cheefe Officers shoulde be men, not only well borne and 
 -*- of good livinges, but also grave and experienced, not 
 prowde and haughty, neither too affable and easy ; gentle and 
 courteous in matters concerning themselves, but severe and 
 sharpe, if offences be committed against God, or their Lorde : 
 they arc not onely to be experienced in household matters, but 
 also skilfull in forreine affaires ; to be able to survey and measure 
 landes ; to veiw and valew woodes ; to knowe the worth of de- 
 mayne Landes and Tenements. And if the Earle appointe them 
 to the letting of his Landes, above all thingcs to keepe their 
 handcs free from taking of bribes : for every pound by any of 
 them so received will hinder their Lord tenn poundes, at the 
 least. They ought to be men of good conscience, indifferently 
 to dcalc betwixt the Lord and the Tenants, that their harde and 
 severe dealingo bring not to their Lorde, in steede of honour, in- 
 famyc. I crave pardon to write that which in my harte I have
 
 FOR TMK HOISU OF AN EARLE. / 
 
 conceived, even with greefe of minde. Having lived above 
 threescore yeares, in which time I am sure ther hath bene more 
 enclosing of Landes, racking and raysing of rente, with extreme 
 fining of poore Tenants then were in three hundred yeares be- 
 fore ; and yet in this time have I knowne the patrimony of many 
 noble houses wasted and decayed, which causeth me to thincke 
 that God with this harde dealing is displeased. And therefore I 
 liartely wish and earnestly desire that both Lordos and their offi- 
 cers will not give cause vnto their poore Tenants, in eating of 
 their hungry meales, to curse them with their harte ; for as it is 
 recorded in Scripture, The grinding of the poore much displeaseth 
 the Almighty. But, forasmuch, as this matter requireth to be 
 liandled by a man of better witt and learning then my selfe, I 
 will now leave it and returne to other duties belonging to the 
 cheefe Officers. They should not be ignorant how to follow 
 sutes in law : for, albeit the Earle have a Soil ici tor, yet if a 
 cheefe Officer (that is knowne to be in creditt with his Lorde) 
 come with him either to Serjeant or Counsellor his chamber, he 
 will be the better regarded and sooner dispatched, esj)ccially if 
 the Earle be not in London. They are also to be skilfull in the 
 buying of clothes of gold and silver, velvets, and all kindes of 
 silkes ; household furnitures, as Plate, Hangings, Damaske, and 
 Diaper Napery, and Linnen clothes; Broade cloathes and Frises, 
 and all other, both ordinarye and extraordinary nccessaryes. 
 They must be able to iudge, not onely of the prices, but also of 
 the goodnes of all kindes of corne, Cattell, and other household 
 provisions ; and the better to enable themselves therto, are 
 oftentimes to ride to Fayres and great markets, and ther to have 
 conference with Graziers and Purveiors, being men of witt and 
 experience, and of them to learne what j)laces are fittest to make 
 provisions at, and wher best to |)ut otV. When corne or Cattell 
 are brought home, the saide Officers are presently to veiw the 
 same, and then to take the particular prices of every thing, and 
 to commend or disallow as ther is cause : for if I'urveyors and 
 Acliators be not well looked to they will he sm"e to gaine, when 
 their F>ord shall loose. Thev must t)ften goe into their Lonles
 
 O SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 pastures at times unknovviie both to the Purveyors and pasture 
 keepers, by which meanes those growndes will be better saved 
 from beiiii^ overeaten by other mens cattell. They must dayly 
 fifoe into everie office of household to see that every officer doe 
 his duty, according to their severall chardges, that the Clarke of 
 the Kitchin keepe his day booke in that perfect and good order 
 that at the end of every week or month it be pyed out, that a 
 trevv Docket of all kinds of provisions in every office, a certaine 
 fleclaration of the whole expences, and a iust remainder may 
 weekely or monethly, at the least, be sett downe, that the Earle 
 or Lady, wlien it pleaseth them, may see the same, and therby 
 knowe their weekely or monethly expences. They must see 
 what achates are brought into the kitchin or Larder, and with 
 the Clarke and Achator conferre of the prices, for I have knowne 
 some cunning Achators that would deceive both Officers and 
 Clarke, if they were not very heedeful. They are often to looke 
 into the Larders, to see the powdered meates and salte store be 
 well ordered and kepte : They must goe into the Slaughter house 
 to see what Beeves, Veales, and Muttons are killed; and that the 
 Hides, Felles, and Tallow be orderly and safe kept. They must 
 goe into the Bakehouse to see the Manchet and cheate breade 
 made, according to the weight and size by them set downe, and 
 that it be well seasoned and baked, and to looke that the bakers 
 boulte their floure and meale as they ought to doe : from thence 
 into the Brewhouse to see the Bruers make, at every brewing, 
 the full number of Hogsheades of Beere and Ale, to be of that 
 proportionable goodncs which they are rated to make, and that 
 their vessells and hogsheads be sweetc and well kepte. Also into 
 the graneryc, to see how all kinde of grainc is ther kepte and 
 ordered : from thence they are to goe into the Seller, Buttry, 
 Pantry, and Evvry ; in the two last offices, they must be vigilant 
 to see the officers make not their fees otherwise then they should 
 doe ; that they put not broken breade amongst their chippinge, 
 nor with the paring of the Tallow lightes, to cut off the great 
 endes of them to make their fees the more. They must in every 
 of tliese offices oversee that all things appertaining unto them
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN KARLK. \) 
 
 be kept in orderly and decent manner, that all wastefull expences 
 in every of them may be avoyded. They must goe into tlie 
 Woodeyarde to see the woode and cole be orderly placed, and 
 not wastefuUy expended. Also into the Armorye and Garden, at 
 times convenient, to see how all things are ordered and used, and 
 sometimes into the warderobc of Bedds, and Strangers Lodgiuge; 
 albeit the gentlemen Ushers are to oversee them. Often they are 
 to goe into the Porters Lodge, to see it be not the place for the 
 receipte of the vnthriftes of the house, nor the harbour of drinking 
 companions. If it please tlie Earle to allow to his servants some 
 kinds of games for recreation, the saide officers ought to bee care- 
 full to see that not any vse the same in the times appointed for 
 morning and evening Prayer or Lectures, neither dinner or supper 
 time, nor late in the night; provided that noe swearing, brawling, 
 fighting, or vndecent behaviour be therin vsed. The cheefe officers 
 themselves ought to be free from all vices and offences (so farr as 
 humaine frailty will suffer them) ; for how can they punish others 
 for their faltes, themselves being guilty of the same offences? Both 
 the Lord and cheefe Officers ought to be an exam|)le to the whole 
 family, and therfore I beseech them, that (amongest other their 
 sinnes) they will have good regard to avoyde that most hainous 
 and wicked offence of blasphemy and ordinary swearing, so much 
 vsed in theese our dales; and to call to minde that God his wrath 
 hangeth over their heades, and that house, wherin his Majestic is 
 so (lishonourcfl. And here will I end with the cheefe officers and 
 their places, desiring to be vnderstood that 1 doe not take upon me 
 to set downc all that doth belong to them, my intent and ])Mrpose 
 being no more but to set downe (as it were) growndes for wise 
 and experienced officers to worke u|)oii, I being earnestly vrged 
 therto by an accpiaintance and very loving frend of mine; and, 
 albeit, i did to him truely protest that I had neither President nor 
 Recordes to helpe my memorye, yet noe excuse woulde serve to 
 satisfy him withall, but on I nuist. Hut as I recpiested him, so do I 
 all those that shall chance to rcade over ibis simple discourse, 
 that it be not made too common : tor if it sliould, it may bring 
 Earles officers into contempt, wiruh is no parte of my meaning. 
 
 c
 
 10 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 I doe know ther are some persons that upon a little knowledge 
 thincke themselves as able to take upon them offices in noble houses, 
 as they are that be best experienced and of most understanding ; 
 but time will trye them and shew them to be fowly deceived. \ 
 admonish such as are learned not to look for new wordes or fine 
 phrases in my writing, being vnfitt to fall from my vnlearned 
 pen, nor yet so exact an order in the placing of Officers and 
 Offices as may be expected, my labour being onely to satisfy the 
 request of my frende, not looking hereby either to receive plea- 
 sure or preferment to my selfe. Now am I to procede to gentle- 
 men Vshers place. 
 
 What kinde of men the gentlemen Vshers should he, 
 and their Office, 
 
 T N former times gentlemen that were of years, and long trained 
 -*- and experienced in that kinde of service, were chosen to this 
 place ; but of later yeares Earles and Ladies have better liked 
 yonge gentlemen that were neate and fine in their apparell, to 
 serve them in that roome ; and yet, in my simple opinion, none 
 ought to be chosen thervnto that had not for some yeares served 
 as a gentleman waiter, and that could both serve and carve in a 
 decent and comely manner : for he cannot possibly teach others 
 that is ignorant himselfe ; and his place is not only to instructe 
 the gentlemen and yeomen waiter^, but also the Yeomen of the 
 Ewry, Pantry, and Seller, how and in what sorte they are to 
 bring into the dining chamber, and to place upon the cubbard 
 and table all things necessaiy for the service of their Lord. But 
 (for the order of service which the Earlc may have wlier he 
 pleaseth to kcepe his estate) I will referr them to marke and see 
 how the table in the presence chamber of the Kinges Majestic is 
 served and ordered (if it be now as it was in the late Quecne hir 
 dayes) ; and the better to fiu-nish themselves with knowledge, they 
 are to make meanes that they may be in the presence chamber, 
 not onely at ordinarye times, but also when the Kings Majestic
 
 FOR THE HOUSK OF AN EARLE. 11 
 
 feasteth and entertaineth great strangers and Embassadors. They 
 ai'e often to goe into the warderobe of beddcs, to see that all 
 household furniture be safe and orderly kept j likewise into the 
 Lodgings appointed for strangers, that they be cleanely and 
 sweete kept, and all thinges in them necessarle and convenient. 
 The one of them is every morning to come into the great 
 chamber, dining chamber, and galleries at a convenient hower, 
 to see that they be cleane swept and sweete kept, and fires, or 
 boughes, or rushes (as the time of the yeare requircth to be) in 
 the chimneys. If Earles or great Lordes come to lodge ther, one 
 of the gentlemen Vshers is to attend them to their chambers, 
 and during their aboade to see their Liveries and brcakefastes 
 orderly served : if ther be many Barons at one time, then must 
 they appointe, for every of them, a gentleman waiter, with some 
 yeomen, to see them orderly served in their chambers. If ther 
 be Knightes or gentelmen of like qualitye, they must appointe 
 some yeomen w^aiters of good experience, in like sorte to attend 
 upon them. Breakefast being ended, the one of them is to see 
 the chappell wher the Lecture is to be reade, or service sayde, 
 that it be furnished with foote carpetts, chaires, stooles, and 
 cushions for the Earle and his Ladie, and the Strangers, accord- 
 ing to their degrees. Prayers being ended, they are to send into 
 the Kitchin to give the Cooke w^arning, that all things be in rea- 
 diness against the Sewer come. Likewise they are to send into 
 the Ewrye, Pantry, and Seller, that all things in those offices 
 may be ready, and to let them knowc whether the Earle be that 
 day served in state, with Carver and Sew er, or otherwise. But 
 noble men in these dales (for the most parte) like better to be 
 served with pages and groomes, then in that estate which be- 
 longcth to their degrees, and therefore I will forbeare to set 
 doune at lardgc the order of service which 1 have scene in a 
 noble Earles house, who was for the most i)arte daily served with 
 Carver and Sewer, and all other service according to his estate. 
 He kept ordinarily in his house two hundred persons, which 
 were very well served and allowed witliall thinges necessarie : 
 he was a great releever of the poore, and a very good Lord to 
 
 c 2
 
 i2 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 his Tenants, maried many children, and yet solde noe Landes 
 away. A rare example in theese our dales, wher few noble men 
 keepe good houses, but many sell away great parte of their 
 livinge ; but I feare I shall offend in this my digression, therfore 
 I will leave off. The one of them for the most parte is to be in 
 the great chamber, or dining chamber, both forenoone and after- 
 noone, and at after supper to see that the saide chamber be fur- 
 nished with gentlemen waiters : and he is to give warning to the 
 Vsher of the Hall, that it be not vnfurnished of Yeomen, but that 
 ther may be always in a readines both gentlemen and yeomen, to 
 attend upon the Earle and Countes, either within the house or 
 abroade, as they slial be commanded. And thus much concerning 
 their place, though much more were to be set downe, especially 
 for the time of Christmas, and at great Feasts ; onely this 1 will 
 adde, that they are to be well countenanced, both by the Earle 
 and his Lady, otherwise their appointments will be little re- 
 garded ; also in respect that (if rightly they use their place) it 
 will be founde not so pleasant as painefull vnto them. 
 
 The Preacher or Chaplaine. 
 
 HE is to be a man very well learned and of earnest conver- 
 sation. At what time he doth know the Earle or Ladies 
 pleasure, whether they will have him to reade a Lecture, or to 
 say Divine Stn'vice, having prepared himselfe accordingly, at the 
 hour appointed therunto, he is to come into the Chappell or cham- 
 ber aj)pointed for that purpose, and ther to attend untill such 
 time as the Earle and Countesse be placed and seated, and then 
 to precede with his Lecture or Service, as hath beene appointed 
 him. He is to dine with the cheefe officers, tiiat he may be ready 
 at the Lord his table before mcales, to call vpon God for his 
 blessings, and at after meales to give thanckes for the same. If 
 ho see any of the householde ahiiso themselves with ofl'ences and 
 siiines towai'ds the Majestic of God, he is privately to advise and 
 earnestly to admonish the party so ofllending to reforme himselfe ;
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN BARl-E. 13 
 
 but (if he finde the party so admonished to persist and continew 
 still in his wickedness,) then is he to make it knowne to the cheefe 
 officers, that he may receive correction and punishment, according 
 to the orders for the same prescribed. And if he haj)pen to finde 
 any of the cheefe officers slacke or careles in punishinu^ of of- 
 fenders, or that themselves be given to swearing or other vices, 
 after private admonition to them given, if they amend not their 
 faultes, he is to make the same knowne to the Earle : But he is 
 to have regarde that for every light offence he i-unne not to his 
 Lorde, to fill his eares with tales against liis servants ; For I have 
 knowne some so busy themselves, in every matter, as their lives 
 have bene of many disliked, and their doctrine very little re- 
 garded. He is often to goe to the gate to see the Vsher and 
 groome of the Hall serve the poore, that those which be poore 
 in deede may be well served, and idle rogues and light huswives 
 from thence banished. And thus for him I end. 
 
 The Gentleman of the Horse, his office and ride hi the Stabh. 
 
 THIS office is not properly of household, yet annexed vnto it; 
 so that if the cheefe officers doe, either in the saide gentle- 
 man or any els belonging to the stable, finde offences, they may 
 correct and punish the same ; but they are not to set downe wliat 
 number of horses (either of the Earles, their owne, or other mens) 
 shall be allowed in the Stables, Parkes, or horse pastures ; nor 
 what allowance shall be made to them in hay or provender; nei- 
 ther appoiute any horses to any iourney, but to leave tliese things 
 to the di-rretiou of the gentleman, mIio ought to he experieiieed 
 and skilfull, both for buying and breeding of Horses, also in 
 ridinge, being able to iudge whetlier tlie rider keejx' a good seate, 
 and use bis band, rodd, and s|)urr, in that order that is like to 
 make a ready and wellmoutlied borse. lie i< t< oxcriooke tiie 
 yeoman ot the li(r<e that liatb in cliMrdgt' llie |)r(\ tnder, and 
 likewise the grooine that keepcth tlie liay, that he (JeJiNcr no 
 more then 1)V hini-elte is allowed. lie is to kee|)e a hooke 
 \\ Ik rill i- '-eti downe all the ICarle^ lloi-e<. i,^eldinys, nai^irs, sadle
 
 14 SOME Rl^LKS AND ORDBRS 
 
 and breeding' mares, foales, and fillies ; likewise in every month 
 to set downe into his booke, all of every kindes above written 
 given either to the Earle or Cowntes, and the names of them that 
 did give them : also to enter into his booke, all foales and fillies 
 bred of his Lords Mares, of what race they be of, and the time 
 of their foaling; and to enter into his booke all Horses, geldings, 
 nagges, mares, foales, and fillies that are bought, and their prices 
 that they cost, with the time and place wher they were bought. 
 Likewise to sett downe in his booke, when any of those kindes be 
 given away by his Lord, and to whom : and if any doe die, the 
 time when, the place wher : Likewise if any be solde, what they 
 were, and for what price they were solde. He is to sett downe 
 in his booke all coatches, litters, saddles, bridles, waggons, yea 
 and every kinde of stable fiu'niture that he findeth when he en- 
 tereth into his office, and every moneth to enter into his booke all 
 things bought into that office with the severall prices of every 
 thing, likewise what is so decayed that it is no longer serviceable. 
 He ought carefully to overlooke Sadlers and Smithes Billes and 
 to abate the prices, if they set downe too much. And he should 
 be very skilful! to knowe the goodnes and worth of all Stable 
 furniture and necessaries. He must enter into his booke all hay 
 and straw, with all kindes of provender that is provided, and 
 bought for the Stable, with the severall prices of every loade and 
 quarter. If the hay and provender be of his Lordes owne store, 
 then is he to sett downe the number of the loadcs and quarters 
 thereof expended, and what the mowing, making, and cariadge 
 thereof came vnto. Ther must be kept by the Yeoman of the 
 horse, a dayly note of the hay and provender that is spent, which 
 at the end of every moneth the gentleman is to enter into his 
 booke, as also to sett downe monethly what the chardge of Medi- 
 cines and cures of horses cDmmeth vnto. ile is to take delight 
 in being often in the stable, as also in riding himselfe vpon great 
 Horses, which will cause the Rider to be more diligent to make 
 them well mouthed and ready to galloj) the Hinge, to mannage, 
 to make tii(> standing tunie, to passe tiie Taro, to retire, to curvet, 
 and bownde, and rumie a swift carecre, and to make a iust and 
 true stop J). If an horse can doe all thecsc well, he may he al-
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN EARLE. 15 
 
 lowed for an horse of service, although ther be divers other tilings 
 for pleasure, which the Rider may practize. He is to see that 
 ther be convenient roomes to set the Coaches, Litters, and wag- 
 gons into, wher they may stande safe and dry, and that such per- 
 sons as have tlic chardge of them keejje them cleane and in good 
 order. He must see that ther be a convenient storehouse, with 
 great Standers, Shelves, and other necessaries, to hange and place 
 all Sadies, Bridles, and other ftu'niture in and upon : and that the 
 yeoman of the horse and groomes of the stable keepe everv thinge 
 therin cleane, safe, and in good order; for if theese furnitures be 
 not well looked vnto, many times they will take as much harme in 
 ill lying as in some wearing. He nnist not onely ap])ointe the 
 Yeoman of the liorse and Yeoman Rider, to see the groomes be 
 diligent and painefull in keeping and dressing the horses, but 
 him selfe must very often oversee the same, especially in lour- 
 neying, when he is to be last up in the evening and first in the 
 morning, and to be in the stables both after and before the 
 grooms, which will cause both yeoman and groomes to be more 
 diligent, and yet all will be little enough, as by experience he 
 shall finde. He must see the stables be cleanely and sweete kept, 
 which is very good and holesome, not onely for the horses, but 
 also for himsclfe, and such others as use to be much therin ; but 
 if this respect be not sufficient, yet (in regard his Lord and Lady 
 will sometimes resorte thether) he is to be carefull to have it sweete 
 and cleanely kept. The oftener it pleaseth the Earle to come 
 thether, the better ordered will all things ther be, for according 
 to the old proverbe. The eye of the Master maketh the horse faff. 
 I write more lardgely in this office then in some others, for that 
 I have knowne, not onely gentlemen of great li\ iiiges, but also 
 many Knightes, yea Barons Sonnes, and some Earles Soiuies, to 
 serve Earles In places of office. But of later time I have hanie 
 some gentlemen (whose fathers were but Lawyers and Merchants) 
 say it was a shame to disgrace any gentleman of living, to serve 
 any but the Prince, To theese 1 aiis\v<'re, that as it is no dis- 
 credit, but a graee, to the greatest Earle in this Lande to serve 
 the Kings Maiestie in some odices of liis liouseliould, so is it noe 
 shame or disijfrace to a i,''entleman of ^^ood living and discent to
 
 16 SOMR RILES AND ORDKRS 
 
 serve an Earle as an Officer in his house. For Knightes to serve 
 Earles, I will not take upon me the defence thereof, and yet I 
 thincke they may as well serve Earles as some of them doe pleade 
 causes, both at Assises and in Westminster Hall, for Common fees. 
 Knighthoode in our Country, in auncient times, was given to such 
 as served the Kinges in their warres, and to some such as had 
 well deserved for their wise and good cownsell, given in service 
 of the Kinge and to the benefitt of their Country : and albeit 
 many thincke that order at this day made too common, yet all 
 may be satisfied and contented with that most learned, wise, and 
 gratious speech which it pleased the Kings most excellent Ma- 
 jestic to deliver at the beginning of his Highnes first Courte of 
 Parliament. But I will returne from whence 1 have digressed. 
 The gentleman is to eate at the chcefc Officers horde, and to carry 
 the first dish to his Lords Table : if ther be many strangers, and 
 want of gentlemen waiters, not to refuse to Carve or Serve being 
 therto required ; for so have I scene an Earles brother doe, serving 
 in that office, who at this day is an honourable Knight of great 
 accounte, having done many good services to his Country. The 
 gentleman is to have for his fees, all his Lordes and Ladies Saddles, 
 with their furniture, when they are not to serve them, Avitli all 
 Coaches and Litters that are not serviceable : some Earles have 
 allowed to him such fillies as the Earle him selfe doth dislike to 
 keepe, either for Sadie or brecdc. At the Earles funerall his 
 horse is to be sadled and fiu'iiislicd with trappings and caparisons 
 of blacke velvet, which horse the gentleman is to leade after the 
 corpes to the Church, and to liave the Furniture for his fees. The 
 Yeoman of the Horse is to have for his fees, all the Sadies and 
 Bridles that be for Yeomen and Groomes, being not serviceable. 
 The Yeoman Rider is to have for his fees, all the Sadies and 
 Bridles, not being serviceable, which he used in the riding of his 
 horses. The Coacheman and Waggoner are to have for their 
 fees, the wagons being past service, with l)roken wheels of 
 Coaches and wagons, when new wheels arc bought in place of 
 them. The groomes are to have for their fees, the old and 
 broken horseshoes and the stable donge. And here I end with 
 the stable office.
 
 FOR THE HOUSli OF AN EARLK. ]J 
 
 The Secretary his Place. 
 
 TTE should be a man brought up in the Vniversitics, having 
 *--'- studied both Logicke and Rhetorick, lie is to vnderstand tlie 
 Lattin and Greek Tongues ; also the Italian, French, and Spanish, 
 with other Languages ; and not onely to vnderstand those tongues, 
 but also to speake and write well in them, thorby he shall be the 
 better able to discourse with other Noble mens men and Strangers. 
 But as he carieth the name of a Secretarye, so ought he to be 
 very secret, and not to make shew of his knowledge and creditt, 
 by blabbing abroade that which he should keepe secret and vn- 
 revealed. He is to have a closet, with Cubbardes of drawing 
 boxes and shelves, therin and upon to place in dew order, all 
 letters received from the Kinges Majestic, from the Lords of the 
 privy cownsell, and from other Noble men and gentlemen. Like- 
 wise all copies of letters written by his Lord to his Majestic, or 
 any of the rest above written : he having written upon eveiy of 
 them breefelye, parte of the contents, with their dates, that he 
 may readily finde them when he hath occasion. Also to place 
 in order all Holes and Recordes of Musters, of Subsidies, and 
 fifteenes, all rates for provisions to serve the Kinges Majestic his 
 house, seased upon the Shire wher his Lordc dwelleth, or dealeth 
 in, as the Kings Lcivetenant, or as a Justice of the Peace. Exa- 
 minations of Fellons, taken before his Lord and other Justices, 
 Commissions, Coppies of Warrants sent out to Head Cunstables, 
 and other Officers; Recordes how Embassadors or great Strangers 
 have bene entertained, either in Courte or with great Lordes ; 
 Negotiations amongst great States and Embassadours, Intelli- 
 gences, with divers other things of like kinde and nature : All 
 are to be written upon, and placed in decent order. He is to 
 eate at the cheefe Officers table, and not to waite or carry uj) 
 dish, except ther be great store of strangers and wante of waiters; 
 but then to doe as the gentleman of the horse is directed. And 
 here againe I digresse to a matter, which albeit the same be- 
 longeth not to the Secretarye his place, yet I thincke here fittest
 
 18 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 to insert the same, being necessarie for the Earle to know ; which 
 is, that 1 wish the Earle to have in his house a chamber ver)' 
 stronge and close, the walls should be of stone or bricke, the dore 
 should be overplated with iron, the better to defend it from 
 danger of fire : The keyes therof the Earle himselfe is to keepe. 
 In this Chamber should be cubbards of drawing boxes, shelves, 
 and standards, with a convenient Table to write upon ; and upon 
 every drawing box is to be written the name of the Mannor or 
 Lordship, the Evidence whereof that box doth containe. And 
 looke what Letters Patents, Charters, Deeds, Feofements, or 
 other writings, or Fines, are in every box; a paper role is to be 
 made in the saide box, wherin is to be sett downe every severall 
 deede or writing, that when the Earle, or any for him, hath 
 occasion to make search for any Evidence or writing, he may see 
 by that Role, whether the same be in that box or not. In the 
 Standerds and upon the Shelves are to be placed Courte Roles, 
 Auditors accorapts, Bookes of Survey, etc. Also empty boxes 
 both for Letters patents and other Evidences, when ther is cause 
 to carry them out of that chamber. If ther be occasion of search 
 to be made for any Evidences in this house (the Earle himselfe 
 not being present) ; vnder two persons at the least should not 
 enter therin ; and if they take out any Evidence or wri tings, in 
 the same boxe out of which they be taken they are to leave, vnder 
 their hands, in writing, the name of every such Deede or Writing 
 as by them is taken forth, and the cause for which they did it, 
 and the day and yeare of their so doing, and also by what war- 
 rant : for the Earle ought to have more care of the safe keeping 
 of his Evidences, then either of his plate or Jewells. But I will 
 end this digression and returne to other household officers 
 and offices.
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AX EAKLE. 19 
 
 The Gentlemen fVaiters. 
 
 T?OR the gentlemen waiters, they are to be directed by the 
 *- gentlemen Vshers : I will therefore say noe more of them, 
 bnt onely wish them to be diligent and obedient, by which 
 meanes, in good time, they may serve in place to commande 
 others as themselves have been commanded. 
 
 The office of the Clarke of the Kitchin. 
 
 TTE should be quicke and very ready with his penn, and in 
 --- casting of accomptes, able to sett downe a proportion of 
 dayly diet, not onely for the Earle his table, but also for every 
 raesse of nieate that is to be spent in the house. He is to keepe 
 his dayly booke, both of provisions, expences, and remainder, 
 and also his spicery booke, in such a perfect order, that at the 
 end of every weeke or moneth, the docket of provisions, the 
 declaration of expences, and a perfect remainder may be pyed 
 out of them. He is every morning to see the Cookes lay forth 
 all kindes of meates that are to be dressed for dinner, and like- 
 wise in the afternoone for supper; herein he is to be directed by 
 the cheefe officers, to encrease the diet as by occasion of strangers 
 shall be thought fitt and convenient. He is diligently to view 
 over all the Achates brought in by the Achator, and to take his 
 Bills of prices so soone as possibly he can. So often as he can 
 have convenient leasure, himselfe is to goe into tlie market, and 
 ther to cheapen and vnderstand the prices of all Achates, and 
 hereby he shall be better able to iudge of the Achators dealing. 
 I have knowne some such cunning Achators, that it hath troubled 
 both clieefe Officers and Clarkes to tinde out their deceipt. He 
 must diligently oversee that the Cookes make not their fees 
 otherwise then tliey ought to doc, nor i,mvc out nicatc to any but 
 to such a- are allowed by the cheefe Olhcer-, wlio are to vnder- 
 stand the Earles and Ladie< plea-nrc lor all >mcIi niatter>^. He 
 must overlooke the Cooker and I'astelers, that they be not wast-
 
 20 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 full, and that the meate be very cleanly and orderly dressed and 
 served ; that the Kitchin vessells, both Silver and Pewter, be 
 cleane scoured and washed. He is to deliver at the dresser 
 borde, to the Server, the Earles Service, and to follow the same 
 into the dining chamber, but not to stay the placing therof on 
 the table, but to goe againe to the dresser to see every messe of 
 meate (that is to be served) set out. The first dinners being ended, 
 and the waiters served with bread and drincke, then is he to 
 dine. His fees are. Calves heades and their skinnes, and Lambes 
 hcades and their skinnes. 
 
 The Marshall of the Hall. 
 
 IF the Earle be to receive and entertaine the Kinges Majestic, 
 Queene, or our Lord the Prince, for that time he is to make 
 choice of such a gentleman, either of his ordinarie household or 
 of his Retainers, as his Lordship shall thincke fittest to supply 
 that place, who should be a man well experienced, courteous, 
 and well spoken ; he is to carry in his hand a white rodd, and to 
 appoint the Yeomen Vshers to place all strangers according to 
 their degrees, as he shall direct them. He must be allowed out 
 of the household offices to have such meate, breade, and beere, 
 as he will send unto them for : For it is not sufficient that the 
 Kinges Majestic and such Nobles as attend be roially feasted and 
 entertained, if Servingmen and such meaner personages be not 
 liberally and bowntifuUy served ; nor shall the feast carry any 
 great fame, if the Hall and such places wherin Servingmen and 
 their like, are be streighted and scanted : Therfore the Marshall 
 and the Yeoman Vshers should be men that with francke and 
 kinde speeches can grace the service. I will not here take upon 
 me to set downe how the Kings Maicstie and his traine is to be 
 received by the Earle at his house, yet iiave I known the late 
 Queene Elizab^ th royally received ana feasted at sundry Noble 
 mens houses ; out the greatest state that ever I did hear of in 
 an Earles house (the late Queene being ther) was at Killing- 
 wort'j, wher she was sundry times with the Earle of Lecester,
 
 FOR THK HOUSE OF AN EARLE. 21 
 
 and at New Hall, in Essex, with the Earle of Sussex, then 
 Lord Chamberlaine. But as 1 doe well like that bownty and 
 Liberalitie should be at such times, so were it to be wished 
 that ther were more moderation and temperance, not onely in 
 Noblemens houses, but also in men of meaner sorte. In the 
 Histories of Scotland it is recorded, that many of that nation 
 have not onely misliked with such of their Nobilitie as have fol- 
 lowed the fashions of our English in gluttony and excesse, but 
 also have complained of some of their Kings for delighting therin. 
 and leaving the frugallity of their Ancestours. And (as it ap- 
 peareth by our histories) this Nation was in those times farr shoite 
 of that rioting which since hath here bene vsed ; for then were 
 neither those French, boyled, and baked meates, with sundry 
 other forced and devised dishes, in that accompte and reckoning, 
 as since they have bene ; yea, in my time, I have scene an Earle 
 keeping his house in the Christmas time, with great state, having 
 many strangers, and as the use hath bene u{)on twelfeday at 
 night, to have a banket onely of some ordinary fruitcs and com- 
 fitts, with some banqueting dishes made by his owne Cooke ; the 
 chardge of all not being very great. But since, I have knowne 
 that the finest confectionary shoppe in all Bearbinder Lane and 
 the Blacke Fryers must be sought into for all kindes of conserved, 
 preserved, and candied fruictes, and flowers, the chardge of a 
 banquet arrising to as great a sunune of monye as would have 
 kept a good house all Christemas, wherin should have bene great 
 dishes filled with great peeces of Beefe, Veale, Swaiuie, Venison, 
 Capons, and such like English meates, of the which ther would 
 have bene great plenty left for the releife of the poore, a matter 
 in these dales too little regarded ; and therforc ther is now iust 
 cause of conq)laiute against ncedeles i)rodigallitye, and want ot 
 orderly frugallitic, which is the cause that many of our Nobility, 
 having spent in a weeke or a moneth that which might well have 
 served them the most parte of an yeare, doe then l)reake u[) their 
 houses, turiie away some of their servants to steale or begg, and 
 least of all (i(je they regarde the want of releife which the poore in 
 their Countryes, by their meane-, are driven vnto. And thirfure
 
 22 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 I pray, and be?eech our gracious God to grante that our good 
 Kinge, by his Authority and example, may amend many of the 
 enormities and faultes which our Common wealth is subject vnto. 
 For Church causes I will not deale with, many others having 
 too much busied themselves and meddled therin. And now I 
 proceed to the Vsher of the Hall, whose office is fitter for me to 
 speake of then Church or Common wealthes causes. 
 
 The Vsher and Groome of the Hall^ their office. 
 
 THE Vsher shall be a man of tall stature and stronge voice. 
 He is to see the Groome of the Hall or woodyarde every 
 morning (when the season so requireth) to make the fire in the 
 Hall, and that it be cleane swepte, both in the morning and at 
 after dinner. When the Vsher of the Chamber commeth into 
 the neather end of the Hall, before the Earles Coveringe, then 
 the Vsher of the Hall, with a loud voice, is to say, Roome for my 
 Lords service ; and in like manner, when he conmieth before the 
 Pantler and Yeoman of the Seller. The Sewer comming into 
 the vpper end of the Hall, armed to goe to the dresser, the Vsher 
 is, with an high voice, to cry, Gentlemen and Yeomen, waite on the 
 Sewer : when the Sewer commeth from the dresser, the Vsher is 
 to attend in the neather end of the Hall, and to say, Roome for 
 the Sewer: going before him through the Hull, he is to see every 
 man put off his hatt. In like sorte he is to attend the Sewer 
 when he commeth with his Lords second course, and then to cry, 
 Vaj/le your Bonnets; \vhich all are to doe, as well cheefe officers 
 as other. He is to helpe to cover the Table and cubbard in the 
 Hall, for the cheefe officers, and their trenchers, napkins, spoones, 
 and manchetts placed on the table ; their drinking plate, with 
 bason, Ewer, and Towell set on their Cubbard. The auncient 
 use was not to allow any of the Earles Servants, sitting at the 
 Officers table, or at other hordes in the Hall, to have any trenchers 
 but such as they made for themselves of coarse cheate, which 
 was a good order in respect of the helpe it was tOAvards the re-
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN EARLE. 23 
 
 leefe of the poore; but now it is not liked of in many houses. 
 When the Earles table and gentlewomen are served, the Vsher 
 with a lowde voice is to saye : To the dresser gentlemens meriy for 
 my Lords cheefe Officers. Him selfe is to come before tliat messe, 
 and to place the dishes on the table, and to send for so many 
 messes as is to furnish that horde, either for strangers or for such 
 of my Lords gentlemen as are to sitt therat. That table being 
 served, the Groome of the Hall, with the Groomes of the Stable, 
 are to bring in the meate for the Yeomens borde, wlierat the 
 Yeoman of the Horse and the Yeoman of the Wardrobe of beddes 
 are to take the first places ; next to them the Yeoman rider, the 
 Yeoman Purveyor, and so the rest, which being served with 
 meate, the groomes of the stable are to bring meate for them 
 selves and to sit beneath the Yeomen. If ther be store of 
 strangers, then must the Lords gentlemen give place to them at 
 the Officers table, and so must the Yeomen at their borde. In 
 the time of Christemas (ther being many strangers to eate in the 
 Hall) the cheefe Officers are to keei)e their severall tables the 
 better to entertaine them. Tlien had ther neede to be two or 
 three Vshers, and as many groomes : the like is to be done if 
 ther be many noble personages with the ICarle. I have scene so 
 many at a feast that not onely the Earle his three cheefe Officers 
 have kept their severall tables, but also the Clarke, Comptroler, 
 and the Gentleman of the Horse, have done the like. Jiut to 
 returne : Meate being placed on the tables, the Vsher Avith a 
 loude voyce is to call, Pnntler, who therat is to come and furnisJi 
 the hordes with breade. Afterwards he is to call, Jintler, and 
 then he is to set beere on the tables, and so often as lie shall call 
 cither of them in meale times, they nnist come to bring bread or 
 beere that wanteth. When the second ct)urse is served to the 
 Earles table anil to the gentlewomen, then is the Vsher to bring 
 the Officers second course and to >en(l tor such reward as is al- 
 lowed to them that sitt at their table, or to strangers, or other 
 hordes. The Yeomen and (iroonies having dined or supped, the 
 Vsher is to call, Amncr, take (nnni^ which Ix'ing done the Yeomen 
 and (irooines are t(^ ri>e and come and doe reverenct' to the 
 cheefe Officers. When they have dined and ihancks given to
 
 24 SOME RULBS AND ORDERS 
 
 God, their meate taken of the table by their owne men, the Vsher 
 is to call, Ewer, who is to come and serve the Officers with 
 water, the Vsher holding the Tovvell. The waiters comming 
 forth to dinner, the gentleman Vsher is to have his trencher, 
 napkin, and manchet set at the upper end of the table ; next to 
 him are to sit the Carver and Sewer, then the rest of the gentle- 
 men waiters ; after them the Yeomen Vshers of the Chamber 
 and the Yeoman of the Seller (if he waite at the Cubbarde), then 
 the rest of the Yeomen Waiters and Groomes ; after these, the 
 footemen and such as wayted on the gentlewomen : Lastly, the 
 Officers men having the reversion of their Masters table. All 
 theese being served with bread and beere, the Vsher is to send 
 vnto the kitchin the groome of the Hall, who with the Clarkes 
 man and the yonger cookes is to bring such messes of meate as 
 are to be served to the Clarkes borde, wherat are to sit with him 
 the Master Cooke, the Vsher of the Hall, the Yeomen of the 
 Pantn*', Buttry, and Ewry ; the groomes of those offices, the 
 groome of the Seller, the Achator, and yeoman of the Squillerye, 
 the groome of the Hall, and such of the vnder cookes as are ther 
 allowed. The rest of the Kitchinners, and Slaughter man, and 
 groome of the Squillerye, are to eate in the kitchin. All dinners 
 being ended, the Vsher and Groome of the Hall are to see the 
 broken meate and drincke safely put into the Almes tubbes, and 
 they ought to be very carefull to oversee that neither Yeomen, 
 Groomes, nor gentlemens men filch and carry away the best 
 therof ; and I very well like the order that 1 have scene in some 
 noble houses, that neither yeoman, groome, nor gentlemans man, 
 must be suffi.M'ed to waite in a cloake, but in their livery coates, 
 for so were they the easier to be scene if they carried forth any 
 meate that they ought not to doe. The Vsher is to see the 
 groomes of the Hall and woodyarde carry the broken meate and 
 drincke, forth for the poore, and to be ecpially divided amongst 
 them : And if some of the cheefe officers would often oversee 
 the distributing therof it were not the \vorst, but rather the best 
 service that he could doe U) his Lord; for the Lord both of Lords 
 and officers doth not onely commend, but also command that 
 due regard and care be had for the releife of the poore and needy,
 
 FOR IIIK riorrsK OF AN EARLE. 25 
 
 and (loth promise and give reward for the same, though not in 
 respect of the worthines of the worke, hut of Ins own mercy. 
 In the Scriptures are verve many phices which commend vnto 
 vs the nse of giving of Almes, yet will I onely recite one place, 
 wishing that yonge preachers Mould rather occupye themselves 
 in expounding such places in their Sermons, then to discourse 
 of the controversies of church government and ecclesiastical 
 discipline. The place is written in the 25 cap. of the gospcll 
 according to St. Mathew : TJien shall the King say to them which 
 shal be oil his right hand, Come, you blessed of my Father, possesse 
 you the Kingdome prepared from the foutidatioti of the worlde 
 for you : For I was hungry, a?id yee gave me to eaie ; I was thirsty, 
 and yee gave me to drincke ; I was a stranger, and yee tooke me in: 
 Naked, and yee covered me ; sicke, aiid yee visited me: I was in 
 prison, and yee came to me. Thoi shall the lust answer e him, 
 saying, Lorde, when did wee see thee hungry, and fed thee? thirsty, 
 atid gave thee drincke? a stranger, and tooke thee in? naked, and 
 covered thee? or sicke and in prison, and came to thee? And the 
 King answeringe, shall say to them: Verily I say to yee, as lofig as 
 yee did it to one of the least of my brethren, yee did it to mee. But 
 I leave this and returne to the Vsher. He is to see that noe 
 dogges be suffered to tarry in the Hall, for they will be robbers 
 of the Almes tubbs. The groome is to have a whip with a bell, 
 to feare them away withall ; for dogges of all kinds ihust be kej)i 
 in their kennells and outplaces fit for them, and to be allowed 
 so much as shal be appointed for them at the oversight of such 
 gentlemen, yeomen, and groomes as the Earle shall thineke fittest 
 to have ehardge of his haukes, hounds, greyhounds, and spaiiiclls. 
 If ther be play allowed in the Hall, the Vsher is to have two 
 parts of the profit of the box, and the groome the thirde parte, 
 and likewise of rewardes, except ther be several givers to them. 
 He is to provide white staves for the ebeefe Olficers, which they are 
 to carry in their handes within the Hall, ail Christmas time; but 
 if they goe f<;rth, they are to leave them with the Portir till they 
 returne. For theesc they are t(, give the Vslur a new yeares gifi, 
 which is proj)er to him selfe. And here \\ ill 1 end with his place. 
 
 K
 
 26 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 Tlie office of the Yeoman Vsher and Groome 
 of the great chamber. 
 
 HAVING bene long and tedious in the former discourses and 
 offices, I meane to be short and breefe in these that follow. 
 The Yeoman Vsher should be a man tall and handsome, one that 
 hath served as an yeoman waiter, therby having learned to know 
 what belongeth to his place and office. He is dayly to see the 
 groome make the fire, or to furnish the chimney with boughes 
 in the great chamber, that it be cleane swept and strewed with 
 rushes : he is to helpe to lay the foote carpet, and to place the 
 chaires, stooles, and cushions ; to lay the carpetts upon the tables 
 and cubbards : in like sorte to helpe to see the chappell or 
 chamber for prayers appointed and furnished. He is not onely 
 to send warning to the Yeoman of the Ewry, Pantry, and Seller, 
 what store of strangers there are, that they may provide for all 
 things accordingly, but when the time is, he must goe to those 
 offices, and come before those officers bareheaded into the great 
 or dining chamber ; but, for that he is to take his directions from 
 the gentlemen Vshers : both for serving of break efasts, liveries, 
 and such other services, I will leave him to their instructions. 
 He, or the groome at least, must ever be ready at the Call of the 
 gentlemen Vshers, to receive their commandemcnts and doe what 
 they appointe them. The profit of the box arising by gaming 
 in the great or dining chambers, is to be divided betwixt the 
 yeoman and groome 3 but that which commeth into the box in 
 the withdrawing chamber or galleries, belongeth to the groomes 
 of the bedchamber, who are to keepe faire those Roomcs. And 
 thus I end with this place.
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN KARLB. 2/ 
 
 The office of the Veoman and Grootne of the Wardrobe of Bedds. 
 
 THE Yeoman should be a man experienced in mending of 
 Arras, tapistry, and bedding; and the groome should be a 
 man ready to use his needle and sheeres. He must take his di- 
 rections from the gentlemen Vshers, in Avhat sorte to furnish both 
 strangers lodgings and other chambers. He must often goe 
 through the chambers botli of gentelmen, yeomen, and groomes, 
 and if he finde either Avrentes or holes in their beddings or fur- 
 niture, that the same may be amended; for a littell labour done 
 in due time will save from much losse, which want of looking to 
 will cause to happen: he is to be skilfull in matting of chambers, 
 which they and the groomes of the bedchamber are to perform e. 
 He must be carefuU that the Warderobe be cleane kept, and that 
 there be a chimney thcrin, that such household furniture as is not 
 often used may tlicrat be well aired. He must see that there be 
 convenient hordes, shelves, and presses, to j)lace all kindes of 
 stufTe in and upon. And very careful! ought he to be that mothes 
 breede not in the furniture that he hath in chardgo. He is to 
 have a coppye of the Inventoiy of all kinde of household stufte 
 within his chardge ; and as any is bought, so is he to add it to 
 the same. So is the Yeoman of the Seller, of the Plate, etc. in 
 liis office; and every other officer the like in theirs; and tlie 
 cheefe officers to have a perfect Inventory of all furniture and 
 househould stuffe in the whole house. 
 
 The Groomes of the Bedd Chamber. 
 
 THEY should be men ])rouglit uj) at Tailors occupation, that 
 if tluM- be any thing amisse in the Earle or Ladies garments, 
 they may be able to mend the same; skilfull to bruslie and rnl)b 
 over, not onely garments of cloth, velvet, and si Ikes, but also 
 cloth of gold and silver, and also in what -ortc to fltulde and lay 
 (i[) the same: they are to have a cliiinncy in their Warderobe for 
 avringe of apparell. Their warderobe iiiiisl be furnished with 
 
 K 2
 
 28 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 standerds, Tronkcs, Presses, brushing table*, linnen cloatlies, 
 Buckeraras, and peaces of Sarcenet, to cov^er and carry garments 
 in ; which warderobe they must be passing careful! to keepe 
 very cleane, and see that all thinges therin be placed in decent 
 order. They are to have a booke wherin is to be recorded all 
 the apparell both of the Earle and his Ladyc, and also all neces- 
 saries within their office. And what apparell or necessaries 
 soever are bought in every moneth, are to be entered into that 
 booke ; and likewise what apparell is given anTiy and worne out. 
 They are not onely to keep cleane the Bedchamber, but also the 
 withdrawing chamber and galleries. In regarde wherof the 
 benefit of the box comming by gaming in those places is theirs, 
 which is in some houses very gainefull vnto them. And so I end 
 with them and their place. 
 
 The Yeoman Groome of the Seller. 
 
 THE Yeoman should be a man not given to pleasure and 
 rioting, but frugal 1 and sparing, experienced to make choice 
 of wines, and so skilfuU in tast that he may be able to iudge 
 which wines are to be first spent, and which last kept. He is 
 to be carefull that the Seller plate be faire kept, and orderly 
 l)laced in the plate chestes and upon the cubbards, and every 
 morning and evening to view it over, that none be missing ; if 
 any be wanting, presently to acquaint the cheefe officers therwith, 
 that inquiry and search may be made for the same. His office 
 must be kept cleanely and sweete, none being suffered to breake 
 their fastes therin, except they be strangers of great accompt. 
 He is to receive his directions from the cheefe officers, what wine 
 ho shall deliver to the gentlemens tables and to strangers ; to the 
 officers table he is to send as they send for it : The Earle or 
 Ladies table is not to be stinted. He is to know when to be 
 liberal 1 and when sparing ; for if vnder officers be men expe- 
 rienced and of good order, their doings will not only be profitable 
 to their Lorde, but also set out the honor of his housekeeping. 
 Hf is every night to give accompt to the Clarke of the Kitchin,
 
 y FOR THE HOUSK OF AN EARLK. 29 
 
 what wine that day is i-ecoivcd in, liow much spent, and what 
 remaineth of all sortes, that the same may he entered in to the 
 clarkes dayebooke. He is to have for his fees, the wine lees and 
 emptye caskes, but not to take them out of the Seller, vntill they 
 have bene veiwed by the cheefe officers, or at the least by the 
 Clarke of the Kitchin. The groome is to keepe faire and cleane 
 the Plate and the Sellers, and to be in all things directed by 
 the yeoman. 
 
 The Yeoman and Groome of the Pantry. 
 
 TPHE Yeoman should be a man of seemely stature, wearing his 
 -*- aj)parell clenly and handsome, in regard he commeth dayly 
 to the Earles table. He is to receive the manchet, cheate, and 
 sippet breade from the bakers, by tale; and if the loaves be lesse 
 then the size set downe by the officers, or that the breade be not 
 well seasoned, or ill baked, he is to accjuaint them therwith, and 
 they to see such faultes reformed. He and the groome are to 
 keepe the Saltes, Spoones, and Knives very faire and cleane; and 
 after diimer and supper to looke that none be missing; if he 
 want any, to acquainte the cheefe Officers therwith, that incjulry 
 and search may be made for them. He is every night to accompt 
 to the Clarke of the Kitchin what Ijreade of all sortes is received 
 in, how much spent, and what remaineth. He is to knowe of 
 the cheefe officers what breade is to be allowed into the gentle- 
 womens chambers and nurcery, as also into all other o/lices tor 
 drinckings, in mornings, evc^nings, and afternoon(>s : and in the 
 like sorte the yeoman of the Buttery is to doe lor becre, and the 
 yeoman of the Ewry for lights. He and the groome are to chipp 
 the breade, but they are not to cliojjp of great peeces of the 
 f)ottomes of tlie loaves, to make the chippings the better, which 
 are their fees; but to this the cheefe otlicers and clarke of the 
 kitchin are often to look; and they must sell ont none vntill they 
 have bene by some of them \ cwed ; wherof the yeoman is to 
 have two j)artes, and the grooni( the third, \\ho is to keepe ilie 
 otliee deanely and -weete.
 
 30 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 The Yeoman and Groome of the Buttery. 
 
 nPHE Yeoman should be a man able to discerne at what time 
 *- to use liberallitie, and when to deale more sparingly. He is 
 to see the hogesheads of beere, when they have spurged, to be 
 full filled up and close stopped; the Ale to be yested and co- 
 vered ; so will they continew the better : and out of them shall 
 he be able to draw his full number of gallons. He is every night 
 to accompt to the Clarke, what beere and ale he receiveth in, 
 how much is spent, and what doth remaine. If there be an outer 
 buttery, as it is to be wished, then is he to suffer few or none but 
 the cheefe officers to goe into the Sellers where the beere and Ale 
 standeth. Strangers are to drincke in the owter buttery, and his 
 Lords yeomen and groomes at the Barr, except it be in company 
 of strangers. He is to see his buttery plate, stone Juggs, and 
 blacke Jackes, to be faire and sweete kept : if any be missing, 
 then to tell the cheefe officers, that inquii7e may be made for 
 them. He must be carefull that waste be not made in drawing 
 of the beere : the broken beere is to be reserved for the poore. 
 The groome is to be directed by him in keeping cleane the office, 
 in broching of hoggesheads, and serving out of beere. They 
 have no fees, and therfore must otherwise be considered. 
 
 The office of the Eicry. 
 
 ^ I "'HE Yeoman, albeit he be not so personable a man as the 
 -- Pantler, yet should he goe neate and handsome in his ap- 
 parell. He is dayly to learne from the gentleman Vsher, whether 
 the Earles table is to be served with damaske or diaper, and of 
 what sortes, and then to fetch from the keeper of the napery, 
 such as are appointed, with Hallcloathcs and napkins, as shall be 
 needfull. At after dinner and supper, to looke he neither want 
 cloathes or napkins by him delivered forth, but that he have his 
 whole number ; and that night or next morning, to carry againe
 
 FOR THK HOUSE OF AN BAULK. 31 
 
 the fowled napery, and to fetch faire. He is to receive into his 
 office the torches, Hnkes, wax lighten, and tallow lightes, by 
 number and weight; and every night to acconipt to the Clarke 
 what of each sorte hath bene received, how many spent, and what 
 remaineth. He ought to see the Chandlers make the tallow lights 
 of full weight, and with good cotten and wicke, and not to cover 
 their faultes, therby to have the chandlers to pleasure him to 
 make the lightes to be longer at the great endes, very neare three 
 fingers breadth of tallow then the cotten or wicke doth reach, 
 which he will cut off and put amongest the paringes, for his fees. 
 But into this office, as into all others, the officers ought davly to 
 come, and to have good regarde to all kinde of fees. 
 
 The office of the Kitchbi. 
 
 '^^HE Master Cooke should be a man of yearcs, well expe- 
 -*- rienccd, wherby the yonger cookes will be drawne the better 
 to obey his directions. \i\ ancient time, noble men contented 
 themselves to be served with such as had bene bred in ther 
 owne houses; but of later times, none could please some, except 
 Italians and Frenchmen, or, at the least, brought uj) in the court, 
 or vnder London cookes : nor would the old manner of baking, 
 boyling, or roasting plea^^e them, but the boyled meates nuist be 
 after the French fashion, the dishes garnished about witii sugar, 
 and preserved plummes, the meate covered over with Orangade, 
 preserved Lemons, and with divers other j)resorve(l and conserved 
 stuffe fetched from the Confectionarics; more lionie and sugar 
 spent in boyling fish to serve at one meale, then might wc-ll servi- 
 the whole expence for the house in a day. Tlu> halxcd mcatrs 
 must be set out with amies and erestes, nourished and gilded, 
 more fitt for monuments in <'iiurehe<, ^\her they might have eon- 
 tinuanee, tiien to be set upon tables wher they are little sooner 
 scene then consumed. The roast meates, w ifhout their sundry 
 kindes of new (l(;vi>ed sawci < little oteenied of, they nuist ha\ i' 
 most kindes, not onely of fle-h, but al<o of (\>h eolde and soweed;
 
 82 SOME RULES AND ORDKRS 
 
 all of tlieese being more delightful to the sight and pleasing to 
 the tast, then needefuU or holesome to the stomacke and body. 
 And I doe truly affirme, that I have seene all the kinds of meates 
 here set downe served most abundantly, and yet some of the 
 guestes CQuld not be satisfied therwith, but ther must presently be 
 provided for them Sowes cheekes, Salt tongues, pickled and redd 
 hearings, Spratts, Anchoves, Bolonia Sausages, Potato rootes, and 
 sundry other such kinde of meates; all to provoke them to drinke 
 store of strong wines, therby to procure lust, and decay naturall 
 strength : but having in the Marshalls office written somewhat 
 of Riott and excesse, I will leave, hoping that the Kinges Majestic 
 will cause some good law to be established to restrayne this great 
 abuse ; and being sett downe, that it may be better executed 
 then sundry good statutes have bene ; for I agree in opinion with 
 them that hould it were better that wee hud fewer Lawes, being 
 Avell executed, then so many as we have so little regarded. But 
 whether am I starte up from the Kitchin to the Common wealth? 
 I crave pardon for my folly and boldnes, and will return to the 
 Master Cooke. In ancient times they used to have their hayrres 
 on their heade close cut and neare ; and in like sorte their bearde, 
 or els to be shaven : not to weare long glibbes full of sweate and 
 filth, as many in these dayes doe; for good and painefull Cookes 
 have not leasure dayly to kombe and trimme their hayre, but 
 onely to wash their face and handes, to be cleane ; for a carefull 
 Cooke will thincke it is a greate shame and disgrace to him, that 
 an hayre should be founde in any dish by him set owt; for albeit 
 the vonger Cookes both dresse and dish many of the dishes served 
 to the Earles messe, yet ought the Master Cooke well to view 
 them, and also to tast every of them before he suffer them to be 
 served forth. Many Cookes are given to be great drinckers, 
 wastefull and testye ; therfore that Nobleman that hath one that 
 is honest, sober, and frugall, is to esteeme him as a Jewell. In 
 former times, Earles would appointe their cheefe Officers to sj)y 
 out when any rich widdow, or Farmers daughter that had noe 
 brother, that were his tennants, chanced to be in any Mannors 
 or Lordshipj)s of his, that they might be wives to such of his
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN EARLF.. 33 
 
 servantes as for their true and painefull service deser\'ed to be 
 preferred, that when by age or other infirmities they did grow 
 increpite, they should not be destitute of a dwelUng place : but 
 now some noble men are so needy, that noe sooner can any farme 
 fall, but he that will give most must be preferred, and the poore 
 servants sute deferred, so that if he in his youth gaine not some- 
 thing by filching, in the time of his age he is like to goe a 
 begging ; but as I greatly dislike the last, so doe I much com- 
 mend the former. I will leave the rest of the Cookes and 
 Kitcheners to take their directions from the Clarke and Master 
 Cooke, how to use all things in the Larders and bowses for salt 
 store, and onely set downe what fees they are to have. All the 
 fatt arrising and comming from the boilers and drij)ping pannes, 
 broken bones ; all neckes, livers, and gizardes of poultry and 
 foule, with their feathers ; Rabbet and Cony skinnes : of all 
 these, the Master Cooke is to have the halfc, the next cookc a 
 a third part, and the fourth parte to be devided among the 
 yong cookes. 
 
 The office of the Yeoman and Groome of the Squillery. 
 
 THEY arc to be men not onely diligent and painefull, but also 
 honest, and carefull, after every meale to gather into their 
 oftice the silver and pewter vessels ; and before they goe to 
 scowring or washing, certainely to number them, that none be 
 missing ; if any be, presently to acquaintc the clarke of the 
 kitchin thcrwith, and every night to carry all the Silver vessell 
 either to the Clarkes chamber or to such a strong and safe place 
 as shall be appointed for the same to stand in.
 
 34 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 The Achafor his place. 
 
 TTE should be a man skilfiiU and of good conscience, for if he 
 *-* want knowledge and iudgement to buy at the best hande, 
 and withall have a cheverell conscience, so that he will be sure 
 in the laying out of every shilling to gaine to himselfe a penny 
 at the least ; such a man in a great house will thrive himselfe, 
 but his Lord shall lose. But having before to the cheefe Officers 
 and Clarke given a Caveat to looke therto, I say noe more but 
 God make him an honest man. He is dayly to take his directions 
 from the clarke, what provisions he is to make of all kinds of 
 Achates and Necessaryes. 
 
 The Yeoman Purveyer his office. 
 
 WHAT I have written of the Achator the like I say of the 
 Purveyer. If the Earle by tithes and inilles have corne 
 sufficient, then the cheefe Officers nor the Purveyer neede not 
 to make provision of Corne ; but if the Earle have not of his 
 owne, then is the Purveyor to learne out such farmers as will 
 serve in Corne, and to bring them to the officers to bargaine for 
 so many quarters of Wheate, Malte, Pease, and Oates, as is 
 thought ncedcfuU : these bargaines would be made in May or 
 June, and the corne not to be received vntill November following, 
 and afterwards monethly, as shall be agreed upon : but the whole 
 monye, or the greatest parte thcrof, would be paide at the making 
 of the bargaine, for so may the Corne bo boughte the better 
 cheape, j)rovided that the Farmers be men of honesty and abil- 
 litye, and that they stande bowndc to deliver in the Corne sweete 
 and good, well and cleane dressed, dried, and maulted, marketable 
 with the best. For providing of Cattle, he is to knowe the fayres 
 and marketts fit to buy at, and to ac(|uainte the heade officers 
 therwith, that mony be not wanting; for to lose a good faire or 
 n)arket, in the time of the yeare when such provisions are to be 
 made, may hinder much. He is to learne what growndes the
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN EARLE. 35 
 
 Oxen, Steeres, and Sheepe, he buyeth, have bene bred or long 
 fed vpon ; that tliey be not too fine mouthed for his Lordes pas- 
 tures. And he is to be able to iudge whether they be sownde 
 and vnbruised. But 1 will end, fearing least I should be thought 
 one that taketh upon him to be skilfull in all things, and yet 
 founde to have little knowledge in any thinge. 
 
 The Slaughter man his place. 
 
 TTE should be one brought up vndcr a butcher, able to kill 
 ---*- and dresse meate, as beeves, muttons, and veales, clcanely 
 and in good order. He is to learne of the checfe officers or clarke 
 of the kitchin what is dayly to be killed. He is to save and cake 
 the tallowe, and to place the same in convenient roomes, M-ith 
 the Hides and Felles; but not to weigh or deliver out any tallowe 
 but in the presence of the chcefe Officers or Clarke of the Kitchin. 
 The saide Officers are to bargaine with chandlers to receive the 
 tallowe by the Stone, at a price; and to deliver in lightes, both 
 cotton and wicke, by the dozens, at a rate : at the end of every 
 moneth the Chandler to be reckoned withall, and if thi'v have 
 delivered more lightes then they have received tlie valew of in 
 tallowe, the same to be paide in mony; and if they have received 
 more tallowe then the price of their lightes doth come vnto, then 
 to pay for the same and lo make even. The saide Officers are to 
 bargaine with some tanner for the hides, either for three, six, or 
 twelve months, as they thineke best, and can agree of price and 
 time; also with the fellmonger for the fells, which may be bar- 
 gained for from sheeretime vntill JSIichaeimas at on(> j)rice, from 
 that time vnto Candlemas at an higher rate; and from tlu'nce to 
 sheeretime at the highest rate. The Slauglitcrnian onght to b(> 
 carefnll that all kindes of nieatc, both in slanghtcrhonsc and wei 
 larder, be kepte safe from doggs, catts, and otbi'r \ern>iiie, and 
 that noe powdered meates l)e lost tbronglie want ol" well waiting 
 and good kee[)ing. He is to have for bis fee-, the beeves heads, 
 the sj)iers or tonnges being taken out, and sheepes heades with 
 their pluckes. 
 
 I 2
 
 36 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 The Yeoman and Groome of the Woodeyarde. 
 
 TF tlie Earle have vvoddes of his owne, the cheefe officers are 
 -- to set downe what number of loades shall be made readie of 
 all kindes of wood, and likewise what loades of charecole shall 
 be coaled. The Yeoman of the woodyard, with the Earles bailiffe 
 of the mannor wher the wood groweth, and the Salesman, are to 
 set forth the saide wood, and to set workmen to fell, dresse, cleive, 
 budd, and coale the same j and when the same dolh come home 
 to keepe a perfect booke. But if he cannot write, then a true 
 tailie of every loade of woode and charcole received into the 
 woodyard and bowses ; also what loades of Seacole and chaldrons 
 of Newcastle cole are brought in, and the price of them. If the 
 wood be bought and the charcole, then every loade with the price 
 therof to be booked or tailied : he must see the same orderly 
 piled and placed in the woodyard and woodhouses. He is every 
 night to accompte to the Clarke what wood or cole is received 
 in, how much spent, and what remaiiieth. He must see that noe 
 more be delivered out, either to the chambers or offices, but as 
 it is allowed by the Officers; the Earles and Ladies chambers 
 excepted, which are not to be stinted. 
 
 The Yeoman and Groome of the Bakehouse. 
 
 T^HE Yeoman should be skilfuU in his occupation, to make his 
 -*- manchet and bonnes white, light, well seasoned, and crusted ; 
 his sippet breade in high loaves, set in the oven close together, 
 that on the sides they may have little or noe crust, and as small 
 bottomes and toppes as may be, for they are to be cutt into sip- 
 pets and to dredge meate witlmll, the crustes onely serve to 
 increase the Pantlers fees. He is to make cheate bread of three 
 sortes ; fine cheate, middle cheate, and course cheate ; every of 
 these is to be well leavened, kneaded, moulded, and baked : for
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AX EAR I.E. 37 
 
 if the baker will not take paines in his kneading and moulding, 
 though the Come be good, the bread will be nought. He and 
 the groome must be skilfull and carefuU in heating the Ovens, 
 tor if they be either too hott or too slaeke, the paines they have 
 taken in kneading and moulding, by the ill baking, will be dis- 
 graced. He nmst heedefuUy looke to the millers, that they grinde 
 not the wheate over great to make overmuch branne ; but this 
 the cheefe Officers and Clarke of the Kitchin ought often to over- 
 looke, for many Bakers will beare with this faulte; the branne 
 being their fees, it is the more their profitt to have it grosse 
 grownde. I have knowne some millers receiving the wheate l)y 
 weight, and being paide in money for the grinding, when they 
 have delivered the same in againe by weight, would wet the 
 bottome of the sacke in such sorte, that although out of a sacke 
 of halfe a quarter he had stolne forth half a strike, yet the weight 
 should still hould. Therfore the Bakers should, by measuring of 
 the meale, know whether the miller use deceipt or not. He and 
 the Groome ought so to boulte and range the meale, that in the 
 branne they leave not flower, which they should not doe; but 
 the cheefe officers must often oversee the same. The Bruers and 
 granery man are to helpe the bakers Avhen they stand in neede ; 
 and the bakers them, when ther is cause. They are all to be 
 allowed a messe of meate with l)rca(le and beere, ami they 
 are to eat it together in the bakehouse or brewhouse, whether 
 |)lace is most convenient. The branne, being the Bakers fees, 
 must be vciwed by the Officers before they may deliver it 
 forth of the office. He is daily to give notice to the Clarke 
 what flower is delivered into the pastery, Avliat flower and 
 meale baked, and what manehef and -^ippet bread, and cheate 
 i-liewetli therol".
 
 38 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 7 he Bruers office. 
 
 T^HEY are to be skilful! in the brewing of beere and Alej dili- 
 -*- gently and painefiilly to worke, and stirr the mault when it 
 is in the fatt with the liquor, and not to leave the strength of the 
 maulte to remaine in the graines^ being their fees ; that such as 
 buy the same of them, putting liquor thervnto, may draw good 
 drincke forth therof; but this the heade officers are to oversee. 
 They are to be carefull that the beere and ale be throughly boyled 
 and reasonably cooled, that the beere be well yeasted, and the 
 Ale both well yeasted and growted. They must see their brewing 
 vessells and hoggesheads both well hooped and sweete, and cleane 
 kept and washed. They have for their fees the graines and yeast, 
 out of which they are to provide yeast and growte to serve at all 
 Brewings ; as the Baker is out of his Branne to doe of yeast at 
 all bakings. At the end of every weeke they are to accompte to 
 the Clarke what maulte, headcorne, and hoppes, is brued, and 
 what beere and ale isheweth therof. 
 
 The Granery office. 
 
 T^HE groome should be a man diligent and paincfull: when 
 -*- any kinde of graine commeth into his office, he is to ac- 
 quainte the cheife Officers therwith, that they may view the 
 same, whether it be of the Earles store, or bought. He is to 
 lay the wheate thinne upon the floares, like to the waves of a 
 small river, moved with a soft winde : it must be often stirred 
 and removed. The maulte being well dried may be layed on 
 great licapes, yet with shovells sundry times removed, so will 
 it more safely be keptc from wecvels, which he must be most 
 carefull, by often sweeping and cleansing, to kcepe the graineryes 
 free from. For if they once brcede there, the roomes will very 
 hardly hee rid of them. The ])ease may lye somewhat thicke, 
 but they are to be often stirred till March be ])ast, if they be
 
 FOR THE IIOUSK OF AN EARLE. 39 
 
 vndried ; and treading- amongst them will helpe to keepe them 
 from moulding. Likewise Gates are to be often stirred and re- 
 moved, otherwise they will be fusty. He must looke well to the 
 hoppes, and receive them in by weight. He is to come witli 
 Bakers and Brewers, when they goe to the Clarke, to see that 
 their bookes and tallies agree. And if he cannot write himselfe, 
 yet is he to keepe a booke wherin is to be sett downe, either by 
 the Clarke of the Kitchin or his man, the certaine number of 
 quarters of all kindes of graine, and the iust summe of the hun- 
 drethes of hoppes received in every weeke into that office. 
 
 The Garden. 
 
 'T'HE Gardiners should not onely be diligent and painefull, but 
 -- also experienced and skilfull, at the least the one of them 
 to have scene the fine gardens about London and In Kent ; to be 
 able to cast out the Quarters of the garden as may be most con- 
 venient, that the Walkes and Allies may be longe and large ; to 
 cast up mount'-;, and make fine Arbours; to set hedges, and finely 
 to cut them ; to treadc out knottcs in the quarters of Arnies and 
 fine devises, to set and sowe in them sweete smelling flowers 
 and strewing hearbes ; to have in the fittest j)artes of the garden, 
 Artichocks, Pompions, Melons, Cucumbers, and such like ; in 
 other places convenient, Radishes, Keritts, Carrets, and other 
 rootcs, with store of all kindc of hearbos for the Kitcliin and 
 Apothecary: to know what flowers and hearbes avIII best endure 
 the Sunne, and which neede most to be shaded : in like sorte 
 for the East and North Avinds, not onely to be skiltull in planting 
 and grafting all kinde of fruicte trees, but also how to place them 
 in best order: to be able to iudge of the best times and seasons 
 to plaiite and grafte all fruictes, and to set and sowe all flowers, 
 liearhe*, and rootes ; and also the best times when to cut and 
 gather all lie.irbes, scedes, and Iruietcs, and in u hat sort to kei'pt' 
 and |)reser\'e tlieni : to make fair bow liiii,'- Alleys, w I'll banked, 
 and soaled ; -which bi-ing we!l keple in many lio\vses are vei-y
 
 40 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 profitable to the gardiners. The garden being a place not oneh' 
 pleasant, but also profitable ; if the Earle and Ladie often goe 
 into it, and finding things well, he will commend the gardiners, 
 and sometimes giving them mony will encourage them to more 
 paines : but if they finde matters otherwise, to tell them roundely 
 of it, they will not spare. And so I end with them. 
 
 The Armorye. 
 
 TF the one of the Armorers be a perfect workeman, the othei* 
 -- may serve, though he be of lesse skilly for I would have them 
 not onely able to scoure and dresse Armours, weapons, and shott, 
 and to place the same in the Armorye in decent and seemely 
 manner, but also to make Armours, wherby the Earle shal be 
 better furnished, and they kept from idlenes. It is a thing very 
 commendable that the Earle have a faire Armorye well furnished 
 with Armours, Weapons, and shott ; and it will be a good 
 example for such Noblemen and gentlemen as shall see the same, 
 to furnish themselves according to their places and degrees ; for 
 (albeit I hope, and with all my harte doe pray, that the Kings 
 Majestic may long raigne over this Realme of Create Brittaine 
 in prosperity and peace) yet I thincke it were not amissc in time 
 of peace to have this noble Realme furnished and provided of all 
 things necessary for Armcs. Kinge Henrye the 7th of blessed 
 memorye, from whom our most gratious Soveraigne is most 
 lineally discended, having united the two noble houses of Lan- 
 caster and Yorke, which were noted and distinguished by the 
 white rose and the redd, the contention and strife betwixt which 
 roses was in fcwe ycarcs the losse of more English bloude (espe- 
 cially of noble birth) then was shed in France, for the claime to 
 that crowne, in the raigne of three of our Kinges. And albeit 
 that vnion was most happy and blessed for this Realme of 
 England, yet is it of noe comparison to the vniting of the two 
 Kingdonics of England and Scotland ; for, by reason of the strifes 
 and contentions betweene them in so many ages, the bloodshed
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN EAKLE. 41 
 
 and slaughters that have bene committed are infinite and innu- 
 merable. And although since the time that the Kings most 
 excellent Majestie (that now ruleth over us) was able to rule 
 Scotland without a Regent, ther hath bene a loving and kinde 
 peace betwixt both nations, yet, not many yeares before, ther fell 
 out an accident very like to have caused the shedding of much 
 innocent bloude, if the prudent and wise dealing of a most noble 
 Earle had not stayed the fury and forwardnes of a most brave 
 Baron, at that time in great authority and credit. 1 make my 
 selfe bold to insert thus mucli, for that 1 was an eye and eare- 
 witnes in what sorte thinges then proceeded, and had some 
 posting Journeys in that Service. But to returnc : As King 
 Heniy after the vniting of the Roses raigned over this realme in 
 a most happy and peaceable govcmment, the space of twenty 
 two yeares, so I beseech the God of peace and power to grante 
 that our most noble King James may in peace and much glory 
 raigne over his Kingdomes many times that number of yeares. 
 And I trust his Majestic in good time will take order, that not 
 onely his kingdome be furnished well of armours, weapons, 
 shott, and all kinde of munitions and provisions fitt and neces- 
 sarye, both for Sea and Lande ; but also that his i)eople may 
 be exercised and trayned, able to doe his Highnes service, either 
 defensive or offensive; to which end 1 presume to sett downe that 
 which I have reade in a forraine History writer; which is, tliat 
 King Henry the Eight of famous memorye, in the beginiiing of lii> 
 raigne, having occasion to make warres in France, by reason ot 
 the long peace his people had lived in, founde them so viipro- 
 vided of Armours and weapons fitt for warrs, that he was drivt n 
 to spend many moneths to make and rate his jjroN isions, and to 
 levye and take up many bandes, both of footemen and horsenuii, 
 of forraine nations, trained and exix'rieneed, to >n[)ply the wantf.- 
 of his owne. And, alheit, 1 have heard C'oroiiclU of aecompte 
 and brave Capitaiiies maintaiiu', by argiinu-nt, tliat thcnisdvfs 
 being skilfull in the art of warr, they would havi' llieir souldii-r* 
 neither trained nor cxpcrieiu-cd ; tiicir reason ht-ing, that soul- 
 diers trained and t-xpcrienced, would ca-t many |irill>- and douhto
 
 42 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 when they should attempt dangerous and desperate services ; 
 wheras, such as were vntrayned and vnskilfull woulde 'be for- 
 warde and hardy ; yet, when I consider the reasons and examples 
 set downe in historyes, this their argument seemeth neither of 
 force nor sufficiency, therby to hinder the vse of training of 
 souldiers. Amongst many examples I will produce some few. 
 Hannibal, that brave Capitaine and experienced Generall of the 
 Carthaginians, being demanded by Scipio the Affrican, Whom he 
 did thincke to be the most worthy and renowned Generall of an 
 Army ? gave the first and cheefest place to Alexander the great : 
 which Alexander intending that most daingerous warre against 
 Darius, that great Monarch of Persia, made his choice of thirty 
 thousand souldiers, not rawe and vntrained, but of the most ex- 
 perienced and best disciplined that had served vnder King Philip 
 his father; and with theese wonne so many battells, and did 
 pertbumne such daingerous attemptes (reported by Quintus 
 Curtius and other Historiographers,) as may seeme incredible. 
 In what great accompt the trained and experienced Legionarye 
 bandes were holden by the greatest and most famous General Is 
 of the Romaines, as Fabius Maximus, Marcellus, Scipio AfFrica- 
 nus, Titus Quintus Flamminius, Paulus iEmilius, Sextorius, Pom- 
 peius, Julius Caesar, and other succeeding Emperours, whoso list 
 to reade may finde the same set downe by Titus Livius, Appian, 
 Plutarch, Tacitus, and many others. But to leave those former 
 ages, and to descend to later times : That famous and resolute 
 Generall, Mounsicr du Fores, worthely estemed of the French 
 nation, attempting to take by assault that rich and well furnished 
 townc of Bretaine, forth of his whole Army selected and chose 
 out a ccrtaine number of able and experienced souldiers, and 
 with them by a most daingerous and bloudy fight, he gott pos- 
 session of that citty, being an attempt which may worthely be 
 accounted both daingerous and desj)crate : Likewise by the 
 oration which he made to his Capitaines and Souldiers, when he 
 went to assaile in their Canipe, a brave army both of Spaniards 
 and Italians, vnder the conduct of the Viceroye of Naples, Fa- 
 bricio Colonna, (at that time acconipted a Father of Souldiers,)
 
 FOR THE HOUSK OF AN EARLE. 43 
 
 and Peter of Navarre, it appeareth in what reckoning and esti- 
 mation he held experienced and skilful Souldiers. But to end 
 with examples, Capitayne Notine, the glory of the Switzer 
 nation, being beseiged in the citty of Navarro, with the trained 
 and experienced Souldiers in company of him, did vndtrtake 
 as daingerous an attempt as hath bene recorded by any ancient 
 Historic; for the citty being free from fearc to be assaulted or 
 surprised by their enemies, and being onely footemen, without 
 horse or artillery, went out in the night to charge a most strong 
 and gallant Army of French Lances, supjjlied with Lance 
 Knightes and Gascoine footemen, lying encamped two miles 
 from the citty, guarded with store of great Artillerye, the shooting 
 wherof did slay many of the Switzers, yet never stayed them ; 
 but they limning upon the Lance Knightes, M'ith a most furious 
 fight, slew the greatest parte of them, chased the French foDte- 
 men, and so scarred and scattered their men at armes, that 
 neither the authoritye of Mounsier Trimouile nor Trivulco (at 
 that time famous generalls) could cause them to fight, or stay 
 them from flying; so that the Swit/ers gaining the campe, with 
 great Artilleries, returned to Navarro, with great glorye and in a 
 most triumphant manner. And therefore 1 houide it most neces- 
 sary, that not onely men be trained to ser\e l)()ti on toote and 
 horsebacke, and the horses made serviceal)le tlierto, but also that 
 mariners growe not out of use, nor all kinde of provisit)n for Sea 
 service be not wanting or un[)rovided. But, as I trust the Lord 
 high Admirall will have a care of this, so I wish the lyonl Leive- 
 tenants may have the like in the countries wliere tlu y are to 
 deale. And craving pardon to set downe my siinpii' opinion, me 
 thincketh the times and occasions now doe diirer niueli iVoni that 
 they were in King Henry the 7<hs dayes; for in that tinit-, 
 Charles the Eight and Lewes the 'J'welfth, that -ueceeded bin), 
 Kings of the Frenchmen, by reason of the titles and elaimes 
 which one of them marie to the Kingdonie ol Naples, and tlu' 
 other to the Dutchy of Millanc, were e\('rci>e<i and occupiid 
 (luring their lives with warres in Italye, so that all the Countries 
 on this side the Mountes were at ()eaee and at rest. But n()w 
 
 i. 2
 
 44 SOMIS RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 (though there should be no quarrel and contention in regarde of 
 either to Realmes and Kingdomes) yet the diversitie of prince's 
 opinions in religion may make us doubt whether perfect love and 
 amitie betwixt them can securely holde. But here I will end 
 with this my last digression, and breefely entrtate of some 
 other matters. 
 
 The Musitians. 
 
 THEY should be skilfull in that commendable sweete science. 
 At great feastes, when the Earle's service is going to the 
 table, they are to play upon Shagbutte, Cornetts, Shalmes, and 
 such other instruments going with winde. In meale times to 
 play upon Violls, Violins, or other broken musicke. They are 
 to teach the Earle's children to singe and play upon the Base Violl, 
 the Virginalls, Lute, Bandora, or Citerne. In some bowses they 
 are allowed a messe of meate into their chambers, in other bowses 
 they eate with the waiters. 
 
 The Trumpetter and Drumme. 
 
 n[^HE Trumpetter should be able to sound all points of warre, 
 - and other notes and tunes for pleasure. At great feasts, or 
 in time of great straingers, when it is time for the Ewer to cover 
 the table for the Earle ; he is to sounde to give warning, and the 
 drumme to play till the Ewer be readie to goe up with the 
 service, and then to give place to the Musitians, who are to play 
 on their instruments. When the Earle is to ride a Journey, he is 
 early every morning to sownde, to give warning, that the Officers 
 may have time to make all things ready for breakefast, and the 
 groomes of the stable to dresse and meate the horses. When it 
 is breakefast time, he is to make his second sounding : breakefast 
 ended, and things in a rcadines, he is to sounde the third time, to 
 call to horse. He is to ride formost, both out and into any towne,
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN EAR I.E. 45 
 
 sounding his trumpet. Upon the way he may sounde for pleasure. 
 But if he ?ee the day so spent that they are Uke to bringe late to 
 their lodging, he is to sounde theTantara, to move them to hasten 
 their pace. There are many things necessary for him to learne 
 if his Lord goe into warres; but I will leave him to be instructed 
 by men experienced in the art of warre. I have reade that the 
 French King Lewes the Eleventh (wanting an herald) sent a 
 trumpetter to King Edward the Fourth, who delivered his nu'ssjige 
 with so good a grace and pleasant speech, that he got great coiu- 
 mendation for the same : which is an example for Trumpettors to 
 learne to speake well, for often times they are to be sent on 
 messages. He and the Dmmmer are to goe often into the Stable, 
 to acquainte the horses with the sounde of the trumpet, and the 
 noise of the drumme. And so I leave them to be instmcted by 
 Leivetenants of horsemen and Capitaines of footemen. 
 
 The Veome7i Waiters, 
 
 T^HEY being to receive their instruction from the gentlemen 
 -*- Vshers and the yeomen Vshers, I will conclude with them 
 as I did with the gentlemen waiters ; which was to be diligent 
 and obedient. 
 
 The Lawnedty. 
 
 T^OR that tlic Countesse is to appointe Mich an ancient gentU'- 
 -*- woman, or other as pleaseth her, to have the oversight both 
 of Lawnedry aiul Nurcery, I will not set downe any directions tor 
 those places, wholy referring them to her honor's ])l('asure. 
 
 The Porters. 
 
 THEY should be nu-n tall and strongc; tlicy arc U) looke dili- 
 gently that none filch and carry oiu at the gates, meate, or 
 any thing else that they ought n>t to doe : AUo, if any of the
 
 46 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 house use to lye forth in the nightes, to give them warning to 
 amend that faulte ; but if their admonition serve not, then to 
 acquainte the cheife officers therwith. They must not suffer 
 rogues and idle queanes to haunte about the gate. But treating 
 of the Cheefe Officers, I had occasion to speake of the Porters 
 Lodge, and therfor here I say the iesse to them. They are to be 
 allowed a niesse of meate at evei*y meale, with breade and drinke, 
 and the Armourers to eate with them. They are at meale times, 
 and in the night, to see that the gates be securely shutt up. And 
 with them I will shut up this simple discourse of household 
 officers and servants. For where I purposed to set downe the 
 order of the Clarke of the Kitchin's dayly booke, the Dockett 
 of Provisions, a declaration of expences, and a remainder in that 
 sorte, that I have best liked, yet knowing that in sundry noble 
 bowses the cheefe Officers and Clarkes keepe divers diffierent 
 formes concerning the same, and the keeping of their Audites ; 
 and that some may better like of them than that of mine, I doe 
 forbeare to put the same in writing. Onely I adde some notes in 
 what sorte the booke of forreine paimente is to be kept ; that at 
 the end of six or twelve moneths, the Earle, if he please, may 
 see the whole chardge of his household, stable, and forreine 
 expences. 
 
 A booke of forreine and extraordinary/ paimente, 
 nPHE booke should be large, that all such paimcnts as are 
 -*- made within a yeare may be entered into the same. It is to 
 be devided into severall titles, and to every of them left so many 
 leaves as, by estimation, will containe the billes that concerne 
 that title. 
 
 Jpparell for the Earle and the Conntesfte. 
 T 7NDER this title is to be entered all bills payed to Jewellers, 
 ^ goldesmiths, mercers, woUen and linnen drapers, Silkenien or 
 women, haberdashers, Taylors, Shoemakers, and all other of 
 whom any stuffe is bought that bclongeth to Lord or Ladie.
 
 FOR THE HOUSE OF AN BARLK. 47 
 
 Apparell for the Earle his Children 
 
 5 title are to be set do 
 des or occupations abov 
 !)OUght, or made for the saide children 
 
 TiTNDER this title are to be set downe all billes paide to any 
 of the trades or occupations above written, for any apparell 
 
 Apparell for gentlewomen^ p(^g^s, footcmen and boyes. 
 
 ^SyNDER this title are to be entered all billes paid for them, 
 ^ vt supra. 
 
 Expences in Journeying. 
 
 TT^NDER this title to set downc the chardge of any Journey 
 ~ that the Earle or Countesse doth take j the expenccs of 
 servants on horseback or footc sent forth upon businesse, or with 
 letters or messages. 
 
 Safes in Law. 
 
 T 7NDER this title you are to enter all fees and rewardes given 
 ^ to Sergeants, and other learned Counsell, to Attoumeys and 
 Solliciters, with all chardges of taking out of processes, com- 
 missions, all fees into the Exchequer, and other Courtes; chardges 
 in suing out liveries, enroling of dcedes, &c. with all chardges 
 laide out either by Solliciter, or any other that followcth Sutes 
 in Law. 
 
 Giffes. 
 
 "l/NDER this title are to be set downe the King and Queenes 
 ^ Majesties new yeares gifts, whether the same be in golde, 
 Jewells, or other such stuffs ; likewise to the Prince his grace, or 
 other great personages : And not onely for new yeares giftes, but 
 for giftes at ail other times bestowed, with all jjlate, vt'lvett, or 
 other silkes, cloth, or household furniture given to meaner 
 personages.
 
 48 
 
 SOME RULES AND ORDERS 
 
 Forreine Rewardes. 
 
 T DISTINGUISH theese from household rewardes, for that thev 
 -*- are to be entred into household offices : as for Corne given 
 to the Earle, the reward is to be entred into the office of the 
 Bakehouse and Pantiy ; for beeves, muttons, and venison, with 
 such like things, presented, the rewarde to be entred in the office 
 of the Kitchin ; for horses given, the rewarde is to be entred in 
 the stable booke : but rewardes given to any that bringeth 
 Jewells, plate, apparell, or household furniture, or that bring 
 letters or messages, they are to be set downe vnder this title. 
 
 Almes. 
 
 TN former times Earles vsed to have their Chaplaine, who car- 
 -- ried a bagg of small monye to give to the poore, as they tra- 
 velled; but that is now out of use. If any of their servants lay 
 forth any, it is to be entred in this title. But I wish both Earle 
 and Lady to have, either of them, a privy purse, and themselves 
 to give to the poore, that the right hande may not knowe what 
 the left hande giveth. 
 
 Buildings and Preparations. 
 
 "lyNDER this title are to be sett downe all timber, stone 
 ^ brickes, slates, tiles, iron, leade, glasse, plaister, lime, &c. : 
 and also the billes of all Carpenters, Joyncrs, Masons, and ull 
 other tradesmen, and men of occupations, and labourers, what 
 soever they be, with the cariage of all timber, stone, etc. 
 
 V 
 
 Household stuffe and Furniture. 
 
 NDER this title are to be set downe all billes payde for plate, 
 hangings, bedding, linnens, napry, cliaires, stoolos, &c.
 
 FOR THE HOUSB OF AN BARLR. 49 
 
 Bookcs bought. 
 
 "lirNDER this title are to be set downe all bookes, papers, 
 ' parcheinent, wax, standishes, Inkehornes, Inkepottes, Inke- 
 dust, and boxes, Incke, Penaes, and Quilles, etc. And here f doe 
 wish the Earle not to be sparing of his purse, but to have a faire 
 Library, furnished with bookes both of Divinitye and Philosophy, 
 Astrology, Cosmography, Lawe, Arte of Warr, Heraldry; but 
 especially to be furnished with bookes Historicall, both con- 
 cerning the Church, and also all Countryes and Common- 
 Avealthes, with Globes, Cards, and Mappes j and, as leasure will 
 serve, to exercise himselfe in reading and perusing of them. 
 
 Physkke and Chirurgery. 
 
 T /"NDER, this title arc all fees and rewardes given to Phisitions, 
 ' Chirurgions, and Apothecaryes, with their billes of Physicke 
 and Chimrgery stuffe to be set downe. 
 
 Surveyes and keepbii: of /Indites. 
 
 VNDER this title are to be set downe the chardges of Sur- 
 veyors, Auditors, Receivers, and such as goc with them 
 about those aflfaires. 
 
 Wages and Liveryes. 
 
 SOME use to set the same downe as a forreiiu- piiinuiit, but I 
 hould it to be of household, and to he i)ut into the docket 
 and entred in the otfice of tlie Spicerye; hut that may he ;is the 
 Officers shall best like of. And if tliere he other paiment-^ cliat 
 seeme not fitt to he entred in these titles, tiie Oihceis may Mt 
 
 11
 
 50 SOUE RULES AND ORDERS, &c. 
 
 downe such other as they thincke good ; for neither in householde 
 nor forreine Causes doe I take upon me to sett downe perfect 
 rules and orders, but some rules to helpe such as are not expe- 
 rienced. As in the beginning 1 protested I had neither president 
 nor recorde to followe, so doe I now further affirme (and that 
 moste truly e) that in my time I have not scene any, and so may 
 you guesse by this my worthlesse worke, which is so harsh 
 and unpleasante that I thincke you will be as weary 
 in the reading as I of the writing, but if you be, 
 blame yourselfe; for as I entend not to main- 
 taine errours committed, noe more will 
 I excuse faultes escaped, and as it 
 is private for yourself so make 
 it not publicke to 
 my disgrace. 
 
 F 1 N 1 s. 
 
 zo 9 
 
 B. liensley. Bolt Court, Fleet Street.
 
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