VOLUME 6 (Continued). PRICK 15. Notes 011 the Later Cenozoie History of the Mohave Desert Kegion in Southeastern California, by Charles Laurence Baker 50c 16. Avifauna of the Pleistocene Cave Deposits of California, by Loye Holmes Miller .... 15c 17. A Fossil Beaver from the Kettleman Hills, California, by Louise Kellogg ~>c 18. Notes on the Genus Desmostylus of Marsh, by John C. Merriam lOe 19. The Elastic-Bebound Theory of Earthquakes, by Harry Fielding Bei :.V- *OUi beds that the writer undertook a study of them. This subject was suggested for investigation by Doctor J. C. Merriam, and the work 5 r. **-'> * a 8 &1 has been carried out under his direction. The writer's field work was done durim-- parts of the months of January aad June, 1912. LOCATION. The work done by the writer 'was limited to an area around Illsmere Canyon, near TTewhall, California, about thirty miles north- west of Los Angeles on the line of the Southern Pacific Railroad. Ellsmere Canyon lies on the extreme northwest flank of the San Gabriel Range, just east of the San Fernando Pass, which separates the San Gabriel from its westward continuation in the Santa Susan Range. The canyon is about three miles long, and runs in a northwest * * **& ' /VH fviT t. --)A Stir i ii ' ? &L direction toward Ellsmere Ridge, at which point it enters a broad southwest extension of the broad alluvium floored Santa Clara Valley. The general elevation of the Santa Clara Valley is about twelve " 5 '-T^- r** 1 ^ fii^ "*Jaei ri hundred feet, while the highest point in the San Gabriel Range of this immediate area is thirty five hundred feet. io eqc 9 . 'to agirfarr: + :; . .faerTt lo v&sjta A --us ( j&8iiieU .0 !. TO* blail a'te-tiiw riT . not^oa-tib e .KOITADOJ ne ot fce.tlmil to ^ Q-39ri.tif 08 effd" r lo 9fr|X eH* BUBlO .tnJfcoq bdiooll rx2 arft 'to .^a^e *L tT . t - 1? I bisv bscmf '.. [* ! , ... ; ;'.-;:r . , - 2 HISTORICAL REVIEW. George H. Ashley who visited the locality of the San Fernando ^Ashley, G.H., The Neocene Stratigraphy of the Santa Cruz Mts. Proc. Cal. Acad. of Sci . , Ser. 2, vol. 5, p. 337, l895 *"* * -*-*- .4 *-* .* ^ *9-*-^-*-^.^.-*^^ * -^MB-*-***-*-**'^'**^-**^**^^*^* *--^* **- Pass in 1&94, says of this region: "At the San Fernando tunnel in Los Angeles county the "beds that have been considered as Miocene of the Monterey Series are overlaid conformably by a aeries of calcareous sandstones and conglomerates which are quite fossiliferous. " He made a collection of twenty three determined species, of which four- teen, or sixty per cent . are living. He considered the formation as of the same age as the Lower Purissima. *.'* 2 In 1900 Ellsmere Canyon was visited by W. L. Watts, who called 2 Watts, W. L., Bull. Cal. State Min. Bureau, 1900, no. 19, p. 56. the oil yielding sandstones the lower portion of the Middle Niocene. He also found a point where the sandstones of the Middle Niocene were resting unconformably on "hard sandstones resembling the Neocene sandstones of the Sespe district." This particular locality was not found by the present writer. During the years 1901-2 the region of the Santa Clara valley was 5 investigated by G. H. Bldridge, who mapped the lower sandstone Slldridge, G. H., U. S. G. S. Bull. no. 309, p. l?i 96-8. beds of Ellsrnere Canyon as Vaqueros, and in the text speaks of their having a typical fauna of the Vaqueros. His age determination was, however, more probably based on the lithologic similarity to the beds in the eastern end of the Santa Susana Range, which he called Vaqueros. He speaks of a structural unconformity, with difference of dip and strike between the Fernando gravels and the underlying )?-J-iai : - srC JjB,rf,t abed ariJ \^ M .a :'t vtiup etfi r\oir(w a ii'w to ,aeJ:oq3 ^sni:itTi*.tefo 9ir(* y^r ew j- Tto rr be^sfelanoo H .s^ivll dijs t.tnso .jsntiaaii^ TewoJ n'J BB s ,il ,H ^ be.tietv 8J3W Bnsooi'v slbbiM end: Tto noi^ioq lewoi erfj oneDoiW IbbiM 9*fj lo a9no.tabrv^a eii^ sisilw tnio busri 11 no s no,' '. i^Yv'ol r.* bccjqjtiiH oriw 8 iV-C W .on .J ....... 1o ;.a .txe.t erft oi fene ^aoiewpjaV noYnsO ' aw noiijan 3HJ AO l-JfTiJiil ot5>.oi t no bdajscf yl 9.ci,t to bns n f< tnsis'iiib n^iw , ^^miolnoonji; I*iitf tn/iJa a to a inl\'l'i- CK-J ejfjtita ! 3 Vaqueros in Ellsmere Canyon. In the same bulletin Arnold gives a list of fossils from Ellsmere Canyon which he calls of Middle Fernando age. In 1910 R. B. Mo ran made a collection of fossils in Ells:nere Canyon. In a paper given "before the Palaeontological Society, he considered the fauna as of Monterey age, because of certain Lower Niocene forms which he found. STRATIGRAPHY. The chief formation of the San Gabriel Range is the San Gabriel Granite, a complex of granitic rocks and schists which makes up the 4 whole central part of the range. Arnold divides the San Gabriel Arnold, R. and Strong, A.M., Some Crystalline Rocks of the San Gabriel Mountains, Cal. Bull. Geol, Soc. Am., vol. 16, 1905,p.l88-9 range into a southern Sierra Madre, and the main San Gabriel. He says "The Sierra Madre Range consists essentially of granddiorites and gneisses, with more acid areas in which the country rock is quartz-monzonite. The character of the rocks of the mountain area north of the Sierra Madres is considerably different from that of the latter. True biotite and rather coarse grained granodiorite, decidedly different in appearance from that of the southern range, are found in the northern mass." The west end of the San Gabriel Range is chiefly granodiorite, with gneiss and other schists. The Fernando formation of this area is not less than three to four thousand feet thick, and was laid down upon an eroded surface of the San Gabriel Granite. The upper surface of the granite is generally somewhat decomposed. The basal ten to fifteen feet con- sists of subangular to rounded fragments of granite, with comminuted oirfw I. rr.JbBjiB-a to a j; lo ajs finwal a* bm/ol erf rioidw a; qw rfoiiiw o'jsC .rugS ^r^ lo aiooi fi'i -."? 9/:4 aebivi .M.A ,^n-it ,^j I f rusS nJtJBin srf.t f^xioib6njBis lo vllaltrssae atstanoo al 001 YIJTHJOO eri,t rCoi;iw ni ae*ifi bio* eiora ittw &'Uci i*Jniroffi sricf lo a^ooi sn r ^ lo le.tojB^rfo erfT .ai lo tertf moil J-fieiei'iib ylrfibianoo er ssib^M ( 6- l 'i r erf* to 'io bne oirf* fttjtf aa^I ^orr si a r a bebo-re ns noq;u nwob ni xbonj5is ^Kt la itoi^cnol ol BJSW bns . b^ 4 shells. The lower 700 to 800 feet, as exposed in Ellsrnere Canyon, is a coanse shale made up chiefly of rather angular fragments and some volcanic ash. ITone of the shale was found to be diatomaceous. Towards the upper part the shale becomes coarser, and grades into sandstone. These "beds, especially in the lower part, contain hard round concretions from six inches to three feet in diameter. The concretions are fossilif erous, containing shells, mammal bones, fossil wood fragments, and teredo borings. These beds are all stain- ed a chocolate color by petroleum, and in places the bitumen is abundant enough to form a cementing material. Near Ellsmere Ridge there are a number of brea deposits formed by oil seepages; and the Ellsmere Canyon oil wells drew their supply from these lower strata. Stratigraphically above the fine sandstones and shales is a series of cross bedded alternating coarse sandstones and conglomer- ates. These strata are well exposed on the sides of Ellsmere Ridge, in Whitney Canyon just north of Ellsmere, in Placerita Canyon, and they extend for an unknown distance eastward along the northern flank of the San Gabriel Range. In Ellsmere Canyon the conglomer- ate consists of well rounded pebbles and boulders up to twelve inches in diameter of granitic, and less commonly of volcanic rocks. The pebbles are of all sizes, and grade down into the sand which fills the interspaces. The induration is slight, most samples can be broken between the fingers. The color is a light buff. The lower sandstone and shale beds were called Vaqueros by Eldridge, and the two were considered to be structurally unconform- able by him. The writer believes the entire series to be conform- able. The relations of the two lithologic units are well shown on (ju t> ; :.. : -. ! -O: *r{a oi j.:;.i a-sb-si^ fens t iae - isqqi; eat aj btB.fi r . . . q 1*;W n I . < er(? . let anus b rri teel o&ixfj o,t asrConl xla moil ent-M- .ta Us eie afeacf tsaejiT .ar^niiod" obTS^ 5n^ ,a"re ow ai nemrJicf exit aeoiilq ni BroB ( mi<9loi.teq vcf 10X00 ' ibi?I sisnraJXS ossK . i*iliecfi5/n ^nltfrefirsr) A snot ot i br\B iao^eqosQ lio vo betaiol ajiac ita iwol easft* moil ylqajja iierC,t weib aXIev Ilo r fi al a i bna asnotabmia enxl erit vodjss ru; ienotaftrijia eaiaoo 3|nit*nitlj8 fctebbe !?.biH oianr&JlS Ic aefoia arlt no beaoqx Hew brtfi f n ;njs0 atiisa^X^ ni , tecraXXS lo ni^rftion eff.fr ^noXa^ btjswtaee eorittaib nwoninu nn r ; sn-oo ant noxn*>^ eiemaJIS nl . s^ncH XaiicffiO nj2 t- ot qjj aiebXuocf bna &JrTcf9q bebnuo^ XXew to ata L brte t essia ^*ijjf>f!i erf jrfoiiiw bmia erft o^nl rrao a&Xqnwa taom , t fosXXjso etew arxolr no nw. 5 the ridge to the north of Ellsraere Canyon. There is here an abrupt and striking change from a medium grained sandstone to an overlying very coarse conglomerate. The conglomerate is more resistant than the underlying sandstone which weathers out from under it, and causes it to stand out very prominently on the otherwise even slope of the ridge. On examining the actual contact, the conglomerate is seen to rest on the sandstone without any irregularity of the con- tact plane, and the sandstone grades up into the sandy matrix of the conglomerate. Farther west the conglomerate pinches out, and the change in lithology is not so abrupt. On Ellsmere Ridge strata typical of "both the upper and lower divisions are interstratif ied. The conglomerate has a strike of North ?0 West, and dip 12 North, while the lower part of the sandstone, and the granitic sur- face on which it was deposited have strike North 65 West, dip 20 North. No difference in dip or strike was observed at the actual point of contact. Along with the difference in strike there is a thinning out of the shaly beds toward the East, and the conglomerate comes to rest directly on the granite at the head of Whitney Canyon. The presence of such an overlap does not however preclude conformity. The lithologic character of the sandstones and shales indicates that they are probably of estuarine origin, and the conglomerates are fluvia- tile delta deposits. In deposits of this character some irregularity is to be expected. The two different lithologic units are there- fore considered to be conformable in this area. . OJl-Ol "T'O.O brus - t vti ?$JtaM & lo sqcla neve *> : 9ti$ ai e ert t ^ojtcf > noc noo dii^ to ^iusli/sfri lo xiitein v^jn^e siiJ 1 o,tni drJ brte vtjjo ' noJ'Qbn^s e. * r- e^bJtH biemalia nO . +qn.cfs oa ^on ai \:aolc i e-us anoiaiYxb -ja*ol bnii Teqq;? or,t r SI qxfo b 'lo foiti^a B aeif i 1 , . ': nua OS qib ^aaW ^ci rfitioH iiid'a &VJDI{ beTleoqeb asv; ix -'j-yfi rfi j-,6 bevisecfo ajbw eatii^a 19 qib ni 6^::*': o j-jjc xrUfliUr:j B ai eiefij- 93Cii.ta ni 6onerr111fc erf ot aeciOxO e^i enrol 31100 erf^ bms ,,t ton asob ct- ^firft ae*soibfii aslsife bnB aeno^tabnsa erf^ lo l ivifll eijs ae.tsBisinoI^noo art* . bn t ni j- sr . -eieifi- as* oisolo .: srf . no .til Fauna The principal fossil localities examined are within one 5 hundred feet of the "base of the sandy shale in Ellsmere Canyon. ^U. C. Loc. Ho. loOl 5T.W. quarter N.E. quarter S.E. quarter sec. 7 T. 3 north R. 15 west Mt . San Bernardino. In "bed of canyon about hundred yards downstream from the granite contact. U.C. Loc. 1602 about hundred yards east of loOl, up small gulch in N.W. quarter S.W. quarter of sec. 8. T 3 N R lj W U.C. Loc. 1603 Pico canyon one quarter mile to N.W. of Superintendent's house, near tank on top of ridge. ....-,-..-..*. . . . -. .,-,.;., .- - . Many of the fossil layers are only a few feet above the granite. Small collections of some of the species were made on Ellsmere Ridge, and in Grapevine Canyon on the south side of the San Fernando Pass. No fossils were found in the conglomerates. The following species were collected by the writer. Of the fifty five species there are twenty three or 44 per cent, living. Some of the other forms show only slight differences from the living forms, and are evidently nearly related to them. The literature on the fauna of the Fernando formation is rather scanty, and there are a large number of forms which have not been found so far from any other locality than the present one. Arnold divides the Fernando of the Santa Clara valley into three horizons. The lower Fernando fauna as given by him comes from five different localities and consists of thirty three species, of which seventeen are specifically identified, and of the latter there are ten found also in Ellsmere Canyon. The writer examined a col- lection in the California Academy of Sciences from a locality five miles north-oast of Camulos, which is one of the five localities mentioned above. This collection contains twenty four species, of which thirteen are common to Ellsmere Canyon, and comes from a sri* . a 19?' . . . ' . , . . . -U Jet: . qif ( , Q! ,8 . . . leJi . . .^.1' ' -.(ip sifts. . --ei/orf we'i & \Ino eie aieysf lieaol -i ebiira siw a&iosqe an"^ to smoa 1 'lo obia ri^uoa arC^ no novnsO &r TTT .aetjBidrroXsnoo e;i^ rxi. fenuol e-sew aliesol be^o&JIoo stew aeio&qa ' ao leq 10 odinJ- v^rssw* ^-JB eidn^ aeioeqa e ail aaonv ; ib Jiiguila \jCno ^oxfe arfT .marfj- ol &9lpli vlt^drr ^n*oa istitet ex noi^finrTol obasms'* 9 At 1o 38 Jbnuol nsocf ^on evsri rfoxrw inio^ lo idcciun ^ .ano ^neaeiq erf* nfiii^ x^ileool CKtni \eS.I&v jiijslO ^IrrBS e4,t lo oftrunnal ar{^ ac navi^ ax- *njjl obnunie^ Tewol a. : . r lo atsxanoo Jbrus aex^ . vil >rf^ -Tral^ji.! arf^ Ip bm tfceilxJ'nebi - ett loo & bi 9 -xsiiiw er . .S ni " ;.i, .:>.:.; ieioa^i iirol 9lloo *i ssi 1 . . 7 horizon which does not differ greatly from that of the latter. Arnold's middle Fernando collection comes from Ellsmere Canyon, the same locality as the writer's collection. He collected thirty three species, of which thirty were identified, and of these seventeen are found in the Ellsmere Canyon faunal list of the writer. His collection localities probably included one somewhat higher &JT* ewju>i> to EUtfttertr Cam ^ . betuM* horizon than the others, where he found Pecten caurinus and Pecten parmleei. He regards the fauna as equivalent in age to the "typical fossiliferous portion of the Purissima and the lower part of the San Diego formation, 1 ? Prom the upper Fernando he gives lists from three localities. The first locality is north-west of Santa Paula, and is of a lower horizon than the other two; it has thirteen species which are found also at Ellsmere Canyon. The third locality is at Barlow's Ranch, and is from a Pleistocene horizon. There are only five species from the latter locality which are found also at Ellsraere Canyon. Arnold's work in the Santa Maria district led him to believe ^^^^^^^^^''*'^**-<***^9^-<**^***-<*V*M*W<'***njB ,beiliJn9bi eiew v^iirft rCoirfw to , 9fij lo JeiX XjsHJual fio^snatJi eTemaXXS 9ft ni bni/cl exe r oa eno bebulorut yJ r/ asi aui -iewol drft bfts smiaalfu*! eri* to noiJioq au^i" ^o esin* moil sj-ail sri obnarrte^ s lo ai brus ^feii/ji^ sS,tn8 'to ^aew-rition at \.til- atil erf? eta rfoJtrf-w eeioaqe n*ilri* s-Bii ^Jt i'/.j ^en^o eri^t f e 'TRoIisff .t ai \:tilBt5ol fanirft aeiotiqa evil ylno eta rloirfw \..tlXB ot fliJtrf bsl ,toiiiaib BitsM j3.tnjs8 srf^ ni iiow ' .q SSe .XIuff.?.r.5.U c r{ql SIJB ano^itorf ^oni.tsi^ xia ^XcTjscfoiq bn^ ,9^11 *Q^ Xiaeol oitaiiSvto^i^rfo to xns*9& vd nb- >-'." s^eil? .dneoo.taieX^ ed* o* dneooim s; .novitsO d'xdimsixa rti fenuol *XB n^ettixf* rfoirfw 10 leqqu xi,t incil &IJB aeri^ rf f olx{w 'T C * c - ' " ';-'' ci* A 8 of which only four are common to Ellsmere Canyon. The upper Fernando horizon seems to "be very distinct from the lower one. n Arnold's faunal list from the Etchegoin contains 84 recogniz- 7 Arnold, Ralph. U.S. 0.3. Bull. 398 p. 125 *.#.-*^-'" < ' i * p ^^ t * * " -^ " - * - - -^ ^* ^ * * - - * * (^'^^.^^.^(W < < able species, of which twelve are common to Ellsmere Canyon, besides other very closely related species. The Purissima in its lower faunal zone has eight species common to Ellsmere Canyon. The characteristic form Pec ten healyi is found in both the Etchegoin and Lower Purissima, and 10 believed to be characteristic of this horizon. The form of Pecten healyi found in the Upper Purissima, and in the San Diego formation is somewhat thinner, and has the ribs less raised. The Lower Purissima, and the Etchegoin are taken to be the Northern California equivalents in age of the Ellsmere Canyon fauna. In conclusion it may be stated that there is a characteristic fauna developed in the lower part of the Fernando, of which Ellsmere Canyon, Pico Canyon, the locality northwest of Camulos, and Mt . San Cayetano are examples. In the standard time scale this horizon is near the line between the uppermost Kiocene and the * lower Pliocene. 1 CKt : > dlJB .1 .q .fluff .S.0.2.U .;< o sis svlew* rfoiriw to --. TS*cI aJi eilT .aeiosgB b9Jj&Ii ,no\njr>; QTerDsIia oj nommoo a&Jtoeqs ^ii^Jte ajsrf t r.j rlE eiij* rf.tocf ni bm/ol ai ixlfierf net 09^ nno^ oi^aii^^o aii^Jajei.srfo erf ot beydiled ei br^ t mi9aliv'Z lewo leqqU rtt ni bnuot ivlBer: fte^ae^' Jo nnol erf . l o^ - srf? ..beaijat eeel ertt to e^e nl a^nslfiviupe fitnictil^D m- . rf yjsm ti noi;- ifoinw lo , obrtjanis^ sdJ to ^iq Tcewol sciJ ni be eb & to uaawii^ion x^il^ool srit t noYfijsD ooi? f f sJLsoa eaiiJ bijsbnfi^ss eri^ ni .aslqcusxe BIB o s ensooil^ Jaonr. ericf rreew^ecf 9nil eKt Fauna Echinoidae Astrodapsis fernandoensis Pack Echinarachinus excentricus Each, var. minor new variety Pelecypoda Amiantis callosa Cpr, Area trilineata Conrad Cardium quadrigenarium Conrad var. fernandoensis Arnold Cardium sp.? Chione ellsmerensis new speices Chione fernandoensis new species Cryptomya californica Conrad Dosinea ponderosa Gray Leda taphria Dall Macoraa indent at a Cpr. Macoma sp.? Marc i a subdiaphana Cpr. Metis alta Conrad Modiolus rectus Conrad Mytilus sp.? Nucula castrensis Hinds Panopea generosa Gould Pecten ashleyi Arnold Pecten healyi Arnold Pecten cerrosensis Gabb Pecten sp.? small Phacoides acutilineatus Conrad Phacoides nuttali Conrad Phacoides richthofeni Gabb Phacoides santaecrucis Arnold Solen sicarius Gould Tellina idae Dall Venericardia californica Dall Gasteropoda Amphissa sp.? Dathytoma carpenteriana Gabb var. fernandoana Arnold Bittium cf . asperum Gabb Calyptrae filosa Gabb Cancellaria ellsmerensis new sp. Cancellaria tritonidae Gabb var. ellsmerensis new var. Cancellaria sp.? near fernandoensifl Arnold Chrysodomus arnoldi Rivers Chrysodomus sp.? Conus californicus Hinds Crepidula princeps Conrad Cypraea fernandoensis Arnold Drillia fernandoensis new sp. Ficus nodiferus Gabb Gyrineum ellsmerensis new sp. Mangilia sp.? Mitra idae Dall Nassa perpinguis Hinds Ueverita recluziana Petit Pachypoma biangulata? Gabb Polynices galianoi Dall Siphonalia kelletti Forbes Trophon Bp.? Turitella cooperi Carpenter Turris fernandoensis new SD . blomA e j esfc fci I .' IlsCt fioi IBO neV V,qa fi.aa.fci' bioniA . qa wen 6XoniA .qa vssn aianeobr^nie'i qa wsn aiansis : . ^f^^r^!n^ s f fA-t-1- alaneobaBrr^sl & e *JO r ^ ^>h n at;- u blomA alan . , asoisqa wn ax& wsn eiarc is't ? J38 j jse. . i . * a .iqO . ./a h* abniK ei blkoD .. bl bloriA cfofjiO el--. . : 10 Pico Canyon Area. Introduction. Although the area of Pico Canyon was one of the first oil producing localities in the state, the only account of the geology of the area is that of Eldridge. He mapped the beds near the centre of the Pico anticline as Vaqueros, which was seemingly conformably overlain by Fernando gravels. Prom a hasty examination of the Santa Susana mountains from Pico canyon to San Fernando pass the writer has come to the conclusion that the beds which form the axis of the Pico anticline are part of the Fernando series, and are not Vaqueros. Stratigraphy. Lithologically the strata is the axis of the Pico anticline are fine grained, chocolate colored, oil stained and slightly indurated sandstones and sandy shales, which have in places been affected by pressure so as to become spheroidal and jointed. These beds are only 400 or 50 feet thick, above which the finer beds are interstratif ied with gravels and conglomerates, which latter become gradually more abundant, until about 2500 feet above where they first appeared the coarse beds entirely replace the fine sandy shales and sandstones. On the north limb of the anticline the beds dip to the north at angles of from 20 to 70, the steeper dips being near the axis of the anticline and the lesser ones at the edge of the valley. At no place was any structural evidence of uncomformity found, although the section ia well exposed, due to the steep slopes, and the absence of vegetation. oi lo 01*0 ta erf^ lo . ooitoTttaouce woil rU to ajbcs eii^ ario'l V ^ : ) i .- nofe;;!--: 0rtilDi:ff! ooi^ ji lo ^ixe rf.t ai js^jst^a e'i.t vIIjB Xl^riaila bnfi bsniB^a lio ^aiolc^ a.^ looo:: :> t ;it:- aaoj-jlq ni evri fioirfw ,aalBxia y;bjuaa b t.- sano T .be-tnior, bfis XjBbioiacfqa -3jiooe-rf o.t 3^ oa *',;-;; abad" idni^ srf^ .ioixiw svods ,aroi,-f^ ^eal 00? TO OG -i ; L b aelsrfa erri't eiit. yletltrro abscf ^a 'lo a on o.t II 11 The lithologic succession is the same in Pico Canyon as in Ellsmere Canyon, where the sandy shales are fossiliferous. The two areas are only a few miles apart, and the "beds can "be traced as prac- tically continuous between the two areas. It is thus very probable that the Pico Canyon sandy shales are of the same age as those in Ellsmere Canyon, and are of Fernando and not Vaqueros age. Fauna The following collection was made from a fine grained sandstone interetratified with gravels, near the upper limit of the fine grained beds Pelecypoda Gasteropoda ' - Lcity cf apical gyatam Cardium quadrigenarium Conrad Bulla, sp.? Cardium, sp.? Calyptraea filosa Gabb Chione fernandoensis, new sp. Chrysodomus arnoldi Rivens Leda taphria Ball Fusus cf . portolaensis Pecten sp.? like pabloensis Hassa perpinguis Kinds Solen sicarius Gould Neverita sp.? Polynices gallianoia Ball Sigaretus scopulosus Conrad Turitella cooperi Cpr. This fauna is essentially of the same age as that collected from Ellsmere canyon, although it is from beds which appear to be about 1^00 feet stratigraphically above the latter horizon. iq 3J6 ; ni e-ao-l.t MI *$B sa bentaisj enit a jcoil anil arit lo da vlmiaa ton bna oi av; nox^osiioo -* ijsen , abrtlH j$;;&sK D du .i<|0 iieqooo o-t r- ' a blue' rfoi.iv. 'tl ai-Jt if^ erf* avocfB ^J 12 ,- >-.--.. .* * V V4J.1L' C i;. ^ U.VU t* y?.4. ,,. w v .Vv. Echinarachinus excentricus Esch. var. minor new var. PI. 2. fig. ?. Similar in general to the recent Echi nar ac hinus excentricus from which it differs as follows: size smaller, and test thinner; tumid area in center of abactinal surface absent, the thickness decreasing gradually from the center to the edges which are very thin; excentricity of apical system varies from 1:1 to 1:2.4 and averages 1:2.0, which is somewhat greater than in the living E. excentricus. In this respect the present form is somewhat similar to E. which, however, is more excentric, and which has the relative lengths, and the angles between the petals different. This variety resembles immature specimens of JE. excen- tricus. Specimens similar to the present form in the Univer- sity of California collection are marked from Burn's Ranch (Santa Clara valley), and from the Tenth Street Well, San Diego. SI .IBT ,iioS ,- -isniiiDS Jneoei erf.t oJ -Isiene^ nJt ifili tp 'ia.tno ni A91& Jbirnu^t j ,t islrreo erit moi't Y-t-^w^^S aniasaioafc asen^ cid^ex 3 ls3^c[J8 lo ^.tioit.tnaox^ ; nlift ^isv STB rfoi ai ilalrfw t O.S:I aer^Btsva bras >.S:I o.t 1:1 - ,a_jj 9oxe .3 sniviJ ,3 o^ XBliaria ^jaiiwdmoa ai fniol Jneaaiq eil sii,t a^iri rfoirCw fens ,oi'i^ndox9 etora ai . J-cteie'i'iib alJitaq 9ii^ naew^erf adl"4as eiiJ- . 1o an^mlosqa 91 ^.Ttait aelcfmsae-i rf-t ni m-iot tneaetq arL.* o.i i.Bltoiia arf rtsH a'nii/S moil fa-^^iiia! ai nolJ'Sdllo s3 ^IlaW .tad-x.tg rf.tnT drft moil brus t 13 ghione ellsirierensis new sp. PI. 1, fig. 1 and 2. >w Shell large, outline rather rounded; dental formula L. 010101, second cardinal tooth "bifid; shell ornamented "by concentric lamellae which disappear on eroded specimens; ar, HEX :** Bed linfc \ anterior radial sculpture of flat ribs developed by weathering; escutcheon a distinct flattened area, the radial sculpture absent from the escutcheon, and for a distance of about ten .:;,:; A! Ir. length to one third millimeters below the escutcheon; ligament deep seated; \: . r-lope t^se y arcuat** fciiell rrarkd lunule lanceolate, bounded by impressed line. Compared to Qhione securis this species is longer g iv* 4 1 cor rxig at. ed app* ar - anteriorly, the escutcheon is narrower, and the lunule is of the same width but twice as long. It appears similar to a specimen from the lower Miocene at Calabasas, figured by ,1 -vw. ly i.i 'i andcr Ralph Arnold as . temblorensis, and which he says is similar to, or possibly identical with a form found in the upper -:* i '# f'rc-as c*/L9i* c.'ji<'- ?> fev* i^/45 Miocene . ' /v ,.c ; ifi2n*l.lar ftt i'uc tv$* , fend broad Altitude 75" mm.; latitude 95win, of which two thirds is posterior to the beak; diameter 45 mm.; lunule length 20 mm., width 12 mm. , q3 Yi'9/T .S bnj* X '1 Is.tneb ^babnjjoT i Iloua ;bx*ixcf ji*oo.t LfinxbTfiO bnoos?2 , > 7,6oqq^axb rlaXiiw eaileiUfil or . lo aoftBtaib is iol bruft .nadiiotjjoaa aitt M :--U qseb tner=ia3JtI ;noerfo^JJO eii* wolscf a-: r i * tod<1B{ I-" arft bets ,i^wotisn a* noerfoJuoaQ erft t oX 3 eolwJ tucf rf^biw oimsa 9neooiM aeTfoI en'* JKOII a t a xanoi QlcfrtTg^ .. -n-, r :>i eii.t aJt bnuol imo'l s :iJiw I*oxtne . owj dloiivv lo , .mff^ ebu>i*I ;. ab* ^ o.r -;o ai SI :i' m 14 Chione f e xnamio en s i s , new sp. PI. 1, fig. 4 and 5. Shell small, sub- triangular, thick; lunule large, ?, of apiie &r upp ind cordate, distinct, bounded by an impressed line; anterior dorsal slope short, posterior dorsal slipe long and only very slightly convex; escutcheon broad arid flat or slightly concave; ligamental channel equal in length to one third of posterior dorsal slope; base roundly arcuate; shell marked by concentric lamellae which become more prominent upon erosion of specimen, when they give it a corrugated appear- ance; radially marked by numerous fine ribs. This species is common from the lower part of the Fernando formation. It was probably included under Chione jiuccin_ct_a by Gabb, who lists the latter from the Fernando Pliocene. This species differs from other chiones by its small size, large broad lunule, lamellar structure, and broad escutcheon. Altitude 18 mm.; length 22mm.; thickness 10.5 mm.; lunule length 6 mm., width 4 mm. v* heinfi l?'.i and i?6 sat. re- qa vver ,.3i \ eno moil a'ist'iib aaio9qa .atrLT . Civ; ,01 aaaa^oiA'J- j .mm^S rC^s^^ J.mm 8l ebw^.. .mm 4" iiJfelw ,,tnrn ^ rftgndl 9 ;er feuic gftnerallv only c Picus no di f e ru s , Gabb. PI. 1, fig. 5 and 8* Shell pear shaped, with large body whorl; spire low, body whorl forms two thirds width of spire; an upper and lower angulation present, the former the more distinct; snell ornamented with twelve very prominent nodes to each whorl, these consist of two spiral rows of vertically elongated nodes, the upper row being so spaced as to alter- nate with the lower; both the lower and upper nodes are elongated and have from one to three cusps which are formed where the heavy spiral lines cross the raised area of the node; shell marked by twelve to fifteen spiral lines, be- tween each of which are three finer lines of which the middle one is the wider; spiral lines crossed by numerous very fine longitudinal lines; mouth opening semi-circular to sub- triangular; outer lip thin; canal medium length, recurved. This species is quite close to JP. kernianum, cooper, of the Temblor formation, from which it differs as follows: -- larger size, the maximum lengths being 120 and 60 mm., res- pectively; the spiral lines on !F. nodiferus vary in width and show a tendency to be wavy, while those on P. kernianum ; siiqa to ovr,t amiot e-tois rfj- ^noasiq no Jit; =; > lo awoi Ijiitqa owt 1o >jtanoo o* n.te o.t 3*3 aabon -i xioMw aqauo seixf.t o.t ena erfj to ji IQWOJ ertcf oioil ?.qa ^cf xXr baJ-nasaiqet ad" ii.tocf' ^oi"i as cfcfeO y/ ai ef>j,!-jL,tIa j, a* a, ^ni .(Bffl 0' 17 .Gyrineum ^iSS^^JiSiS > new 8 P" PI. 2, fig. 1. Shell bucciniform, spire high, apex broken, whorls two present; suture deeply impressed, whorls rounding out below suture; varices prominent; two or three low rounded nodes on angle of whorl between each two successive varices; shell cancellated, marked by fourteen flat spiral lines on outer lip, and twenty on the inner lip of body whorl; these are crossed by numerous fine longitudinal lines; mouth opening oval equal in height to half the total height of restored shell J outer lip greatly thickened, spiral lines showing on the inner surface of lip ; inner lip thinly en- crusted, and showing spiral lines; canal short. This species appears to be close to Ranella mathewsoni , ftabb. It differs from Gabb's figure in smaller size, slightly more deeply impressed suture, and presence of nodes on angle. Altitude 28 mm.; width 20 mm.; thickness 14 mm.; mouth opening height 1? mm., width 8 mm. i Vj .C t ( -a ! " X +JJQ f fcaanucri v?ol osirft 10 ow^ j Jnerutraoiq aeoi'iBv JSTJJ" sviaeooi/a -ow* dojss nedw^ed" Xiorfw lo 9l^nA no adi ' n9r),ti.,jo'i ycf ba^ism , foetal I eonao Iltifa ari* no anxt auoieuuun ^cf b *TS srf.t llurf oJ" -M^taif ni Ifiupa IBVO ;qo *id.tuo ?ll9a^ qjtl 'I9nni ;'. qiX to eojiliua ior * f ; . t i/ ^ ^ t aaia laXIfiina nt a'xwBX'i a'cfcfjaO moil aisTtJtb o asbo.: 'io soneaeiq hns ,eiijti;a bsaaa" ;ittor -^X aaansTolrf^- j.mcr OS rftbxw i.uici Ss 8bv r .mm .8 rf^bxw ,.mzn >X ^i{^ierf B nif< 18 C an c e 1 1 ar i a e 1 1 sme r e n s i s , new sp. PI. 2, fig. 2. Shell fusiform, spire elevated, whorls five to six, slightly angulated "below the suture; suture impressed, angulation absent on the body whorl; mouth opening narrow equal to half the height of shell; whorls ornamented with ten to twelve longitudinal ridges, on body whorl these become irregular in shape, and the angulation is absent; whorls show three or four extremely faint radial lines, which are absent in body whorl except for small area on posterior part of columella; outer lip thin, columella encrusted, smooth except for two acute plications anterior- ly; canal short straight. This species is similar to _C. copper! t Gabb, from which it differs by smaller size, absence of angulation on body whorl, and the irregular growth lines on body whorl. Altitude 25 mm.; width 12mm.; mouth opening length equal to about half total height of shell, width 5 51 . qa won ,'.: t xia o-t evil alioiiw (batovoia siiqa t nrxoljtaitf: q.fifi eiJj.tua ;-uj.tJjQ erf.t woJecf bejelw^fts :.Ia saifteqo rftuom jliorlw \rborf aril no .tnsacfj* nol^ b i.trtsnieaio alioiiw jilarfB-lo trigiQui edt llarf ot I* al noitalusfyi s.rft bite t 9qBrfa nt i J^Jtlxsi t.iJisl vlsr^eitxo tuol 10 ^airit ^orfa no i IJLsrna tot ^qeoace Itorf'-* ^feocf ni j-'nearfja oo t rcirfj qil tetuo ^llcrj^i ; .^ 't ? .t i . , anol^Boilq otjjoji ow.t -rot tqaoxs ii.^boma , . Jrfa i^ i vta 1 1 o i . ; a I ,cfcTT) , I r i9qooo .3 ijalirnia at aoioaqs ^ noxt.fi liraryi to sonsacf* f asi-3 isIlBma yrf ais'l'tib vbocf no aerril if.twoiji i^Iu^eiii sd^ bne ,.iorfw / eqo o*it ;.m.T&I d.tbi:?/ j.rran '^S ebt/.ti^XA .nan ? rf,tblw t Jl9rfa lo jM^iarf Ijsto^ llr.rf 19 Cane ell aria tri t o jiidag. i Gabb, var. ~ an^uljilfajiew var, PT. 1, fig. 3. Si z e medium, spire elevated, apex absent, three whorls presentl whorls angulated below suture; ornamented by twleve transverse ribs on each whsrl, the ribs forming nodes along the shoulder; lower part of the body whorl concave outwardly in outline, and the vertical ridges are absent from this part; shell spirally ornamented by alternating coarse and fine lines; outer lip smooth, inner lip encrusted; canal short and straight. This variety differs from . tritpnidae in smaller prominence of the vertical ridges, and greater angulation. In the angulation this variety resembles the earlier whorls of . t r itpni dae . Altitude 20 mm.; width 17 mm.; height of mouth opening equal to half total height of shell. ' . . i"* (detovala atlqa ( ba.taafflmo- ie-iu.tua aoled bs^Blw^rtfi alion'w acfii ari^ ,1'i^jiw iiae no acfii esisvansid- e 'lo t3J3q t97;oi iiebltrorfa arf* fefrolj ^ bns ,afrll^wo ni vibij3wr-,.o s Haifa jd^usq air!* moil 1- ,ii.fooiaa qii 'xatwo ;aenll anit bnjB eaiaco r.ni fioxia l^cso jbs^ainona qii ie . 2 fl**t aiettJtb ^.teli^v a/ b; T . t a?^bii li30Jt^^av i>'.i.t 10 eona. -.tei-rBv airft noi.t^I;;^ &jBb t_no.t tj^t .P, I d^ftiw- j.msf OS ebu.M *io Mgterf IJJ^G^ ll^.f o- i./i 20 Tur r i s e 11 siner en si s , new sp. PI. 2 Pig. 3 and 4. Shell email, fusiform, spire high, apex unknown, whorle four to five present; angulated near suture, shoulder concave, whorls slightly convex below angle, body whorl evenly convex; longitudinal sculpture eleven to twelve prominent rounded ridges which slope slightly to the left, and are most prominent on upper part of whorl near angle, but are not present on the shoulder; shell spirally marked by two to three lines above and seven to eight lines below angle; body whorl and columella ornamented by twenty five spiral lines which are sometimes sub- equal and alternating; aperture narrow, outer lip thin and smooth, prominently reflected; posterior sinus deep along suture, anterior edge of the sinus parallel to the line of angulation; canal short curved slightly backwards from the aperture; columella smooth. This species is close to Turris coalingensis, from which it differs by having spiral lines infer and more numerous, and no difference in coarseness of sculpture on body whorl and on columella. It differs from Mangilia tabulatus as figured by Arnold from Bath-House Beach, Santa Barbara, by finer spiral ""'"""" ... . . -, _..... .. ,m mt _ . . Arnold, Ralph. U.S. Hat. Mus. Paper l?8l, pi. 57, fig. 4. *"""-...... .-.-.... _ .. _ _ ribbing and shorter canal. Altitude 29mm.; width llmm.; mouth opening height 17 mm., width 5mm.; posterior canal width 2 mm., depth 3 mm. t evBonoo seoluarfa t fnewtya lean jxerrroo vlnsva Storiw ..y^orf t fr:Tiflioiq etrJawt o.t it SIB bns ,Jl9l eft* -ot erf.t no .tnaaiq Jon erorfs aenil aint od 1 ovyj- ^ il9csuloo bn liorfw ^bocf j cfi/a aeraiJ'aaioa ais liDJtrfw aonil niiii qll tetuo t wotusrf qseb i/?ria 'tolietyo enil ed.t oJ- leliaittq atinxs acft moil r3a IleriB jJfieaa-iq evil o- xavnoo ^It I r tol eqola rfohiw ae^bii w 'io Ilari orfs genii t evil \-*rt>w: DOS , . :IB rfoirfw fcl& no bn Iionw vbod" no 3JB ^ ycf yd" ib *lo aaenQai^oo ni BM moil aisl'tib .*! .* iJ-njsS ,iio88 -iit^fi oniA S ri-tbiw 21 Turris f ernando en si s , new sp. PI. 2, fig. 6. Shell small fusiform, spire high, equal in height to the mouth opening; whorls five, roundly angulated, suture following line of angulation of preceding whorl; posterior canal on upper slope of body whorl, prominent, wide, triangular with angle of 135 between sides; lower part of body whorl and canal ornamented by faint spiral lines which may have been worn off of rest of whorl; mouth opening narrow; outer lip broken; columella simple; canal medium length, straight. This species is similar in shape and si^e to Astyris ricnthof eni , but is longer anteriorly, and is distinguish- able by the presence of anterior sinus. Altitude 21 mm.; width 9 mm.; mouth opening height 11.5 mm., width 35 , qa wen t -ajaj Jt *&} .b .3*1 ,S .11 nisrf nJt Isfjpe , rC^irf etiqa t nrtotiam to noJtd'Bljj^ftB to enril ^.TiwoIIol no lanfio i rf.Mw ifilusp. l^orl^v yboif ' 'lo t"io rr-iaw naecT 9V{ yjini ifoirt^v e eiotff qil -idfuor^woi'iiii 1 . ^ru . trinijB'icta t rfjt3.oel : %rib e^la brr*j aqBii^ ni i&itwia ai asioeqa a; at bns c vlto.t'tetft* ^nol r - ; { ,aunia loctatas lo eonaaeiq intnsqo rC^uom i.mm rL+biw j.nins 12 9 1A t ,rn 22 Explanation of Plate 1. All figures natural size. Pig. 1. Chi one ellsmerensi s , n. sp . Pig. 2. Same as fig. 1., showing hinge. Pig. 3. Cancel! aria t r i t onidae t Gabb, var. angulata, new var. ^ig 4 fflione f e r n ando en s i s , n. sp. anterior view. Pig. 5. Same as fig. 4, view of left valve. Explanation of Plate 2. All figures natural size. Pig. 1. Gyrineuia ellsmerensis^ n, sp. Pig. 2. Cancellaria _el leaner en si s , n. sp. Pig. 3 Turris el lamer en sis, n. sp. Fi S 4 Tu r r i s e 1 1 sme r e n si s , n. sp. side view. Pig. 5 PAC^.S no di f erus , Ga"bb. Pig. 6. Turris f e rn ando en s i s , n. sp. Pig. 7- Belli n ar achi nu s exc en t r i cu s , Esch. var. minor, ri. var. Pig. 8. Pious no di f e ru s t Gabb. larger specimen showing the more prominent nodes and angulation. Pig. 9 A^^J^LSi 8 . f ernando ensjls , Pack. N-CIRCULATING BOOK 420747 DIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY