THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES A johoi THE MONUMENTAL BRASSES OF GLOUCESTERSHIRE. Ki( V| r Ki-i THE Monumental Brasses OF Gloucestershire BY CECIL T. DAVIS, Member of the Biistol and Gloucestershire Archavlogical Society. Xon^on: Phillimore & Co., 36, Essex Street. Strand, 1899. A IN MEMORY OF MY FATHER, 5/// NOVEMBER, iSgj. 2624 PREFACE. vScattered over the county of Gloucester, sometimes in out-of-the-way places, are still to be found a goodly number of those very interesting memorials called Monumental Brasses. These brasses are worthy of more than a passing notice, they furnish us with information most valuable to the historian, both general and local, and give many details of much importance to the herald, genealogist and antiquary. To the general reader they are equally interesting, since they are richly suggestive, and full of the touching pathos of the past. They clearly mark the successive steps of our nation's progress — they tell of those stern and terrible times of strife and glory through which England has passed — they bear silent witness to those grand and far-reaching changes which have made our country what it is — and they give an insight into the currents of thought and feeling which deeply moved our forefathers. Gloucestershire contains more than eighty of these incised memorials, embracing a period of several centuries. In one place we have the valorous knight clad in glittering coat of steel — in another a tonsured ecclesiastic in vestments rich and elaborate — then the gentlewoman in the costume peculiar to her time — but whether knight, or priest, or lady fair, each is of importance in giving with remarkable fidelity a life-like picture of the military, sacerdotal, and domestic life of by- gone times. One cannot but deeply regret that these unobtrusive memorials have suffered much mutilation and spoliation at the hands of the thief and the religious fanatic, as well as from the culpable neglect of their lawful custodians, Many brasses, whose matrices alone are left to record the melancholy fact, are utterly lost and doubtless many more have perished of whose existence not a trace remains. One would fain hope that every particle still left us will be jealously guarded and saved from further harm by those to whom the care of them is entrusted. As works of art, many being of the finest execution and of great merit, they are deserving of careful preservation. They form an attractive class of engraved portraitures in metal. Among them will be found the quaint, the picturesque, the bold, the simple, the graceful and the magnificent; even to the casual observer they are each and all of them attractive. Trusting to awaken interest in, and to draw attention to, these long neglected memorials, descriptions are now given of those Brasses in this county, on which are engraven figures of men and women and children. Mere inscriptions, and even those accompanied by coats of arms, have been omitted. I shall always be glad to hear of any discoveries of brasses or matrices which may be made in the county. Much might be said of the fascination that a study of these memorials induces. One is brought, as it were, into contact with the ages in which the persons commemorated played their respective parts in the great drama of life. The series is a thoroughly representative one, deeply interesting and instructive. The examples too are varied. We have the knightly effigy of the doughty warrior as well as that of the peaceful citizen ; the stoled priest in vestments rich, the uplifted chalice; as also " ye ladye faire " arrayed in the quaint though costly dresses of the olden time ; the wealthy woolstapler, ancestor of a noble house ; the grave judge in his official robes, and even the miner in his work-a- day homely garb, carrying his mattock — all are included. I beg to thank many friends — some alas ! are no more — for much valuable help most ungrudgingly given, and especially I wish to offer my acknowledgments to the clergy without whose kind permission I should have been unable to obtain the many rubbings needed to render this series of Glouces- tershire Brasses complete. It gives me much pleasure to express the great indebted- ness I owe to the Rev. C. G. R. Birch, LL.M., for the excellent metrical translations of the quaint Latin inscriptions, and to Mr, H. E. Jackson for the great care he has devoted to the illustrations. The Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A., Vicar of South Cerney, described the Monumental Brasses at Cirencester in a paper which appeared in the Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society for 1877. By his kind permission some of his descriptions have been reprinted. I also acknowledge my indebtedness to the late Sir WoUaston Franks. F.S.A., and Sir John Maclean, F.S.A., also to the Rev. W. Bazeley, M.A., Rev. J. M. Hall, M.A., the late Rev. T. P. Wadley, M.A., Messrs. C. R. B. Barrett, M.A., the late J. H. Cooke, F.S.A., E. H. \V. Dunkin, R. L. Leighton, F. W. Newton, the late J. D. T. Niblett, F.S.A., Mill Stephenson. F.S.A. T. Wareing, and A. E. Hudd, F.S.A. The index has been made by Mr. F. W. Short, Hon. Secretary of the Monumental Brass Society, and it greatly enhances any value there may be in the \vork. At the spring meeting of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society, in 'April, 1882, I read a paper on the Brasses of Gloucestershire ; a promise was then made of col- lecting the rubbings of the Monumental Brasses in the county, and describing them in detail. These accounts were com- menced in the issue of the Gloucester Journal in May, 1882, and were finished in April, i8go. Some of the descriptions were reprinted in local newspapers, as the Evesham Journal and Four Shires Advertiser, and the Stroud Journal. The following pages are the descriptions mentioned above, they having been carefully re-read before being printed in book form. They have appeared as a separately paged supplement of Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. The first instalment appeared in the issue dated January, 1894, ^^^ the last in 1899. The following arrangement has as far as practicable been observed in the several descriptions of the Brasses. — (i) An abstract of the record of the brass from the " Manual of Monumental Brasses," by the Rev. H. Haines, M.A., Part II. ed. 1861. (2) The position of the brass in the Church. (3) Its size. (4) A description of the figure, etc. (5) Inscription. (6) Heraldry. (7) The titles of works in which engravings of the brass are extant. (8) What portions, if any, of the brass are lost. (9) A brief memoir when possible of the person commemorated. The Brasses are described as far as possible, in chronological order, following the dates given by the Rev. H. Haines. Cecil T. Davis. Public Library, Wandsworth, S.W. CONTENTS Preface List of Brasses ... List of Illustrations Descriptions of the Brasses Summary Lost Brasses Modern Brasses... Corrigenda et Addenda Index ... Pari. i xiii xvii I 200 206 221 222 225 List of Brasses, 1 C1370 WiNTERBOURNE. A lady of the Bradestone family ... i 2 1392 Wotton-under-Edge. Thomas, 4th Lord Berkeley, and wife Margaret... ... ... ... 2 3 1396 Bristol, Temple Church. Civilian, half effigy ... 9 4 1400 Deerhurst. Sir John Cassy and wife Alice ... 10 5 L1400 Cirencester. Wine Merchant (.') Mid wife Margaret 16 6 CI400 NoRTHLEACH. Wool Merchant and wife ... ... 19 7 1401 Chipping Campden. William Grevel and wife Marion 2] 8 1401 Dyrham. Sir Morys Kussel and wife Isabel ... 25 9 1411 Bristol, Trinity. John Barstaple. ... ... 28 10 C1411 Bristol, Trinity. Isabella, wife of last ... ... 28 11 CI430 Quinton. Joan, wife of Sir William Clopton ... 30 12 1438 Cirencester. [Richard] Dixton. ... ... jj 13 1439 Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Sir John Juyn ... 37 14 1440 Cirencester. Robert Page and wife Margaret ... 39 15 1442 Cirencester. Reginald Spycer and four wives, Margaret, Juliana, Margaret, and Joan ... ... 42 16 C1445 Newland. Man in armour and wife ; crest, represent- ing a "free miner" ... ... ... 44 17 1447 Northleach. Thomas Fortey, imperfect, William Scors, and their wife Agnes ... ... ... 48 Chipping Campden. William Welley and wife Alice 51 Lechlade. [John Townsend] and wife ... ... 52 1458 Northleach. [John Fortey] ... ... ... 54 Bristol, Temple Church. A Priest, on reverse a lady 58 Bristol, St. Peter. Robert Lond, chaplain ... 58 Rodmarton. John Edward ... ... ... 60 Cirencester. William Prelatte and two wives, Agnes and Joan ... ... ... ... 62 Chipping Campden. John Lethenard and wife Joan 66 Cirencester. William Notyngham and wife Christina 68 Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Philip Mede, Esq., and two wives ... ... ... ... 69 18 1450 19 CI450 20 1458 21 CI 460 22 I461 23 I46I 24 1462 25 1467 26 CI47O 27 1475 xiv. LIST OF BRASSES. 28 1478 Bristol, St. Johx. Thomas Kowley and wife Margaret 73 29 1478 CiKEXCESTER. Ralph Parsons, priest ... ... 75 30 C1480 Bristol, St. Mary Keucliff. John Jay and wife Joan 76 31 C1480 Cirencester. A priest ... .. ... 81 32 C1480 Cirencester. Civilian and wife ... ... 81 33 1484 Chipping Campden. William Gybbys and three wives, Alice, Margaret, Marion ... ... ... 82 34 C1485 MiCHELDEAN. Margery and Alice, wives of Thomas Baynham ... ... ... ... 83 35 CI485 NoRTHLEACH. Woolman and wife ... ... 87 36 C1490 NoRTHLEACH. [John Taylour] and wife Joan ... 89 37 1493 ToRMARTON. John Ceysyll ... . . ... 91 38 1497 Cirencester. John Benet and wife Agnes ... 94 39 1497 Sevenhampton. John Camber ... ... . 95 40 1500 Fairford. John Tame and wife Alice ... ... 98 41 C1500 Cirencester. Civilian, head restored ... ... 103 42 C1500 Minchinhampton. Civilian and wife ... ... 103 43 1501 NORTHLEACH. Robert Serche and wife Anne ... 105 44 1505 Olveston. Morys Denys and son Sir Walter Denys... 106 45 C1510 Lechlade. [John Twinyhow] ... ... ... 109 46 ct5io Minchinhampton. John Hampton and wife Elyn in shrouds. Their daughter, Dame Alice, in the dress of a nun ... ... ... . ] m 47 1513 Cheltenham. [Sir Wm. Greville] and wife ... 113 48 1515 Bisley. Katherine, wife of Thomas Sewell ... 115 49 1518 Eastington. Elizabeth Knevet... ... ... 117 50 1519 Gloucester, St. Michael. Alys and Agnes, wives of William Henshawe ... ... ... 119 51 1519 Minchinhampton. Edward Halyday and wife Margery 122 52 C1520 Deerhurst. a lady... ... ... ... 124 53 C1520 DowDESWELL. A priest ... ... ... 124 54 1521 Kempsford. Walter I lichman and wife Cristyan ... 126 55 1522 Bristol, St. Mary Redclife. John Brook and wife Joan ... ... ... ... ... 127 56 1523 Newent. Roger Porter, Esq. ... ... ... 129 57 1525 Deerhurst. Elizabeth, wife of Walter Rowdon ... 131 58 1526 Berkeley. [William Freme] ... . . ... i-,2 59 1526 NORTHLEACH. Thomas Bushe and wife Joan ... 135 60 C1530 Cirencester. Two ladies ... ... ... 138 61 C1530 NoRTHLEACH. William Lavi^nder, priest ... ... 139 62 1534 Fairfold. Sir Edmond lame and two wives, Elizabeth and Agues .. ... ... ... 1.^1 65 1546 66 1559 67 1560 68 I57U 69 I57I 70 1583 LIST OF BRASSES. xv. 63 1534 Faikkoku. Same as last ... ... ... 144 63A 1540 Glouckstkk, St. John. John Scinys and two wives 149 64 1544 Gu)UCESTKK, St. Many Ckyi'T. John Cooke and wile Joan ... ... ... ... ... 154 1546 Westox-UI'ox-Avon. Sir John Grcviile ... ... 158 Weston-upon-Avdx. Sir Edward Greville ... 162 Whittingtox. Richard Colon and wife Marj^aret ... 163 Bristol Grammar School. Nicholas Thorne and two wives, Mary and Bridget ... ... ... 165 Thokxbury. Avice, wife of Thomas Tyndall ... 169 Clikfokd Chambers. Hercules Kaynsford and wife Elizabeth ... ... ... ... 172 71 1586 Bristol, St. Werburgh. William Gyttyns and wife Mary .. ... ... ... ... 176 CiREXCESTER. PhiHp Marner ... ... ... 177 Weston-sub-Edge. William Hodges ... .. 179 Yate. Alexander Staples and two wives, Avis and Elizabeth ... ... ... ... 180 Leckhamptox. William Norwoodd and wife Elizabeth 181 Clifford Chambers. Elizabeth, wife of Edward Marrowe ... ... ••• ••• 185 WoR.MiXGTox. Anne, wife of John Savage ... 187 Abbexhall. Richard Pyrke and wife Joan ... 190 Todexham. William Molton and wife Millicent ... 192 MiNETY [Nicholas Poulett] and wife Mary ... 194 CiREXCESTEK. John Giinter and wife Alice ... 195 1636 Bristol, St. James. Henry Gibbes and wife .\nn... 197 72 1587 73 1590 74 1590 75 C1598 76 1601 77 1605 78 1609 79 1614 80 C1620 81 1626 82 1636 List of Illustrations. I 1392 WOTTON-UNDER- -Edge. Collar of Mermaids 2 2 1392 J! )! 11 Gauntlets 3 3 1392 1) I> II Sword Belt 3 4 1392 )» JJ !1 Sollerets and Lion 4 5 1392 )» n II Dog ... 5 6 1400 Deerhurst. Head ... 11 7 1400 It Lion 12 8 1400 M Dog "Terri" 13 9 1400 )J St. John the Baptist 13 10 1400 11 St. Anne and the Virgin Mary 14 II 1400 It Honeysuckle 15 12 1400 >) Arms of Cassy 15 13 C1400 Cirencester. Wine Cask 17 14 CI400 )) Shield ... 17 15 CI400 Northleach, Girdle ... 19 16 C1400 J) Anelace 19 17 C1400 1) Woolpack 20 18 C1400 I! Dog 20 19 1401 Chipping Campden. Merchant's Mark ... 22 20 140 I )i II Arms of Grevel 23 21 1401 Dyrham. Sollerets and Lion 26 22 1401 II Dog ... 26 23 1401 11 Shields 27 24 141 I Bristol,Trinity Chapel ,. Feet ... 28 25 141 I 11 II II Groundwork 29 26 141 I i> II II Merchant's Mark ... 29 27 1411 11 II II Inscription 29 28 1411 ;i 11 II Shield ... 30 29 C1430 Quinton. "Pear" 31 30 CI430 II Shield 32 31 C1430 II Shield 32 32 CI430 II Shield 32 33 1438 Cirencester. Dog 35 xviii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 34 1438 CiREXCESTER. Pommel of Sword ... ... 36 35 1439 Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Break ... ... 38 36 1439 ., „ ,, Shields ... .. 38 37 1440 Cirencester. Pendant ... ... ... 41 38 1440 ,, Woolsack ... ... ... 41 39 1440 „ Son ... ... ... ... 41 40 1440 „ Daughter ... ... ... 41 41 1440 „ Merchant's Mark ... ... 41 42 1442 „ Reginald Spycer and four Wives ... 43 43 1442 „ Merchant's Mark ... ... 44 44 C1445 Ne\vl.\nd. Head and Helmet ... ... 45 45 C1445 „ Inscription ... ... ... 46- 46 C1445 „ Crest ... ... ... .. 47 47 1447 Northleach. Feet of WiUiam Scors ... ... 49. 48 1447 ,, Inscription ... ... ... 5° 49 1447 ,. Date ... ... ... ... 50. 50 C1450 Lechlade. Feet ... ... ... ... 53 51 1458 Northleach Feet ... ... ... ... 55 52 1458 „ Detail and Canopy ... ... 56 53 1458 „ Merchant's Mark ... ... ... 56 54 C1460 Bristol, Temple Church. Lady ... ... 59 55 C1460 „ „ „ Priest ... .. 59- 56 1461 RoDMARTON. Head ... ... ... ... 61 57 58 1462 Cirexcester. Defence of Arm ... ... ... 63 59 1462 „ Feet .. ... ... ... 65 60 1467 Chipping Campden. John Lethenard and Wife Joan ... 67 61 1475 Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Philip Mede and his two Wives ... 70 62 1478 ,, St. John. Purse and Beads ... ... 73 63 1478 ,, ,, Merchant's Mark ... ... 74 64 1478 „ ,, Shield ... ... ... 74. 65 1:1480 „ St. Mary Redcliff. Purse and Beads ... 76 66 C1480 „ „ „ Daughter ... ... 77 67 C1480 „ „ „ Rose ... ... 77 68 C1480 ,, „ ,, Shield ... ... 77 69 C1480 ,, „ „ Merchant's Mark ... 77 70 C1480 Cirencester. Priest . ... ... • ■ 80 71 C1485 Micheldean. Margaret Baynham ... ... 84. 72 C1485 Northleach. Feet of Husband ... ... ... 87 73 ^1485 ,, Daughters ... ... ... 88 74 C1485 „ Merchant's Mark ... ... •• 88. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 75 CI 490 NORTHLEACH. Sheep on Woolpack 76 ti490 n End of Inscription 77 1493 TORMARTON. Feet ... 78 1493 ?) Inscription 79 1497 Cirencester. Merchant's Mark... 80 1500 Fairford. Lance Kest 81 1500 ») Sabhatons 82 1500 J) Shield 83 1500 j» Shield 84 1500 n Shield 75 1501 XORTHLEACH. Scroll 76 1501 n Monogram 77 1505 Olveston Morys Denys 78 1505 n Shield 79 1505 )I Shield 80 1505 )I Shield 81 1505 M Shield 82 C1510 Lechlade. Merchant's ]Mark 83 C1510 MiNCHlNHAMPTOX. John Hampton 84 C1510 » Eldest Son ... 85 C1510 J) Alice Hampton 86 1518 Eastington. Shield 87 1518 »» Elizabeth Knevet 88 1518 »» Shield 89 1518 J) Shield 90 1519 MiXCHIXHAMI >TON'. Merchant's Mark 91 C1520 Deerhurst. Pendant 92 C1520 DOWDESWELI. Morse 93 1 52 1 Kempsford. Merchant's Mark 94 1523 Newent. Shield 95 1532 QUEDGELEY. Shield 96 1526 Berkeley. Heart 97 1526 NORTHLEACH. Feet 98 1526 M Feet 99 1526 »J Merchant's Mark 100 1526 IT Canopy lOI C1530 J1 At End of Inscription 102 C1530 »T " Holy Trinity " 103 1534 Fairford. Sir Edmond Tame 104 1534 n Inscription ... 105 1534 n End of Inscription 106 T534 )» " Holy Trinity " XIX go 91 93 95 99 99 lOI ]02 102 105 io6' 107 108 108 109 109 no III 112 112 117 118 119 118 J 23 I2|. 125 126 120 130 135 I3'> 136 137 14a 141 142 143 144 145 XX LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 107 108 109 no III 112 113 114 115 116 1534 1534 1540 1540 1544 1544 1544 154^ 1559 1560 127 C1570 128 1571 129 130 131 132 133 1583 1583 1586 1587 1590 134 C1598 135 136 1601 137 1601 138 1605 139 1605 140 1609 141 1604 142 1620 143 1624 144 1624 145 1636 146 C1460 147 C1500 148 149 11511 150 1500 151 1400 152 1526 Bristol. Cirencester. Yate. Leckhampton. Fairford. Shield ... ... ... 146 Shield ... ... ... 146 Gloucester, St. John Baptist. John Semys ... 150 „ Margaret Semys ... 151 Gloucester, St. Mary de Crypt. John & Joan Cooke 154 „ Canopy ... 155 „ „ „ Canopy ... 157 Weston-upon-Avon. Sir John Greville ... ... 159 ,, „ „ Sir Edward Greville ... ... 162 Whittington. Child .. .. ... 165 Bristol. Mary Thorne ... ... 166 Thornbury. Avice Tyndall ... ... 170 Clifford Chambers. Feet ... ... ... 173 „ Arms ... ... ... 174 Circular Plate ... ... 176 Philip Marner ... ... 178 Child ... ... ... 180 Shield ... ... ... 182 „ Seal and Autograph of William Norwood. 21 jac. I. ... 184 Clifford Chambers. Elizabeth Marrowe ... 186 Shield ... ... ... 187 Anne Savage ... ... 188 Shields ... ... ... 189 Thomas and Robert Pyrke ... 191 Shield ... ... ... 193 Crests ... ... ... 195 Alice Gunter ... ... 196 Shield ... ... ... 196 Henry Gibbes ... ... 198 Lily Pot ... ... ... 207 Civilian and Wife ... ... 209 Vase ... ... ... 211 Shield ... ... ... 212 Children ... ... ... 216 Shield ... ... ... 222 Head ... ... ... 223 Wormingtox Abbexhall. todexham. MiXETY. Cirencester. KixTBURY, Berks. Bristol, St. James. Cirencester. Cubberley. Xorthleach. Deerhurst. Berkeley. Note. — .AH the illustrations are reduced to quarter of the original rubbings, with the exception of Figs. 131, 133, 134, which are half scale. GLOUCESTERSHIRE MONUMENTAL BRASSES. I.— Minterbouine. A lady, circa 1370, canopy and marginal inscription lost. — Hames. Position. — On the floor at the east end of the North Aisle. Size. — 6ft. X 2 ft.; figure only, 4 ft. 5 in. x i ft. i in. Description. — This is the oldest brass now existing in Gloucestershire, though indents still remain of earlier ones. The lady wears the veil head-dress which was the prevaihng fashion of the period. It consists of a cap which closely fits the head and hides the forehead, reaching down in a horizontal line to the eyebrows, and falling vertically at each side, encloses the face in somewhat of an oblong frame. Over this is thrown a veil or kerchief falling down on the back and over the shoulders. Her cote-hardie or gown, which is without buttons — is peculiar in having pocket-holes in front and through these is seen the cincflure of the kirtle which was worn beneath — it fits closely to the body and arms, it is cut square and low at the neck and the sleeves extend nearly to the wrist. The kirtle has long sleeves closely buttoned, reaching nearly to the knuckles. The feet are represented small and she wears shoes with pointed toes. The hands are folded in the attitude of prayer. 2 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Inscription — Lost, not given in any of the county histories. Heraldry — " The Bradestones of Winterbourn bore for their arms, — Argent, on a canton gules a rose or, barbed proper." — Rudder, p. 834. Illustration. — BouteWs Series. Portions lost. — The inscription, canopy, two shields at the top and a portion of the right hand corner of her skirt. Biographical Account. — Haines suggests " Perhaps Agnes, wife of Sir Thomas de Bradestone, 1369-70, or Blanch, widow of Robert Bradestone, 1391-2." 1 1 .— Motton^untJcr^Eboe. Thomas, fourth Lord Berkeley, 141 7, and wife Margaret, daughter and heiress of Gerard Warren, Lord Lisle, 1392, large, inscription lost. Altar Tomb, North Aisle. Haines. Position. — The above are placed on a raised altar-shaped tomb of Purbeck marble as recorded by Haines. Size.— 6 ft. X 5 ft. Description. — On his head Lord Berkeley wears a pointed bascinet, or conical helmet of steel, to which the camail is attached by means of a cord passing through a groove formed by two raised rims with separate enriched plates placed over the holes of the bascinet. This groove is round the lower end of the bascinet, and carried up by the sides of the face, the rings to which the cord is fastened are shown at the top. The indent of a heaume, or tilting helmet, shows the former support of the head. The beard is covered by the camail, but the moustache is visible. The shoulders are protected by the camail, or tippet of chain mail, and over it is thrown a collar of mermaids, a cognisance of the Berkeley s ; no other instance of such a collar is recorded. The mail is represented as made of over-lapping rings, or of rings set edgeways. Mail is also used at the gussets to allow the arms and feet to be used freely. A portion of the hawberk hangs beneath the escalloped edge of the tight-fitting jupon or jerkin. The arms are protected by brassarts of plate, of which the fastenings can be seen, with coudieres or elbow-pieces Monumental Brasses. and epaulieres or shoulder-pieces. On his hands are leather gauntlets with an orna- mental border at the wrists ; the knuckles are protected by three rows of gadlings or knobs, which were occasionally used for offence. To keep the jupon in its place there is no baldrick, but an ornamental belt, sometimes termed the belt of knighthood, passes round the hip, the end, passing under the belt, hangs down nearly to the knee of the left leg. The vacant space at the end was most probably filled by a jewel either real or imitative. Unfortunately the sword which hung by his side is gone, but a portion of the guard is left, and the point of the chape may be seen near the left foot. The cuisses are made of plate, the knees are guarded by genouillieres, and pointed soUerets protect the feet. Rowel spurs w^ere generally used at the end of the four- teenth century, but the rowels of his spurs have disappeared, though the footstraps are left. His feet are resting on a lion, facing the spectator. The brass of Lady Berkeley is remarkable for her head- dress. The hair is worn over the forehead only, and brushed back to show the ears, which are not disfigured by earings ; it is confined in gold or silver net-work, called crestine or crespine. Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. ornamented with jewels at the intersections, a small kerchief is also pinned at the top of the head and depends behind, it is to be seen at the top of her head and behind her ears, drooping in graceful folds nearly to her shoulders ; across her forehead stretches a jewelled fillet. Yet all the ornamental work to be seen round her head is not to be confounded with her head dress, for her head is resting on a piece of cloth adorned with sprays stretched diagonally on an embroidered cushion, with tassels MonnmentaL Brasses. 5 at the four corners. Her mantle is long and fastened in front of her shoulders by a cord which passes through two metal loops with studs in front, termed fermailes, placed on each side of the mantle, and usually adorned with jewels ; this cord passes through a slide, also made of cord, and terminates below the waist in two tassels. Beneath is a tight-fitting gown, but whether sleeveless or short sleeved it is impossible to determine as the mantle hides it, it is cut low at the neck. Under this emerge the close sleeves of her kirtle buttoned underneath. Her mantle and gown cover her feet, at which lies a lap-dog wearing a collar of bells. The dog represented at the feet of the wife is doubtless of the same kind as"smale houndes" which were the favourites of the gentle Prioresse — " Of smale hounds hadde she, that she fedde With rosted flesh and milk, and wastel brede ; But sore wept she if one of hem were dead, Or if men smote with a yerde smart." — Cliajicer. In the Meiiagier de Paris written rirm 1393, the lady of the household is particularly recommended to think of the "chamber beasts," such as little dogs. They are both represented full face, with their hands folded in the attitude of prayer, Lady Berkeley lying at her husband's right hand. Inscription.— 'Lost, even Smyth who gives the epitaphs of other members of the family fails to record this one. Heraldry. — Smyth gives illustrations of the following three seals : — I. When he attained full age, a chevron and ten crosses, 6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. about two inches in diameter, without supporters or crests circumscribed " Sigilluni Thomce de Berkelee.'' 2. In the middle part of his life, as above, supported by- two mermaids without crest, circumscribed " Sigillum Thomce dni de Berkeley.''^ 3. In the latter part of his life, a chevron and ten crosses, cornerwise, with mermaids as supporters, and " a helmet for crest, the circumscription as last." In the British Museum are two examples of his seal, which are thus described in the Catalogue of Seals : — 4. " On a tree-stump set on a mount of herbage, a shield of arms, couche, a chevron between ten crosses crosslet, six in chief four in base, Berkeley. Crest on a helmet and mantling^ a mitre stringed and garnished, charged with cross crosslets derived from the arms. Supporters two mermaids. Back- ground replenished with small sprigs of foliage. Within a carved gothic quatrefoil of elegant design, ornamented with small ball flowers along the inner edge. Legend between the lobes of the quatrefoil — [Sigi]ir thome dni de berkley. The letters ho of thome, and he of berkley are conjoined." 5 "A shield of arms Berkeley, suspended by a strap from a forked tree on a mount. Supporters ; two mermaids. Within a carved gothic quatrefoil panel or quadrilobe ornamented along the inner edge with small quatrefoils. Sigillu' : [tho]me : dni : de : berkele : " ///7(5^rafi;o;/5.— Illustrations of this brass will be found in Fosbrookes Gloucestershire, wo\. I., p. 477 ; Mollis s Monumental Effigies, pt. IV., pi. 10 ; BontelVs Monumental Brasses, p. 57 (Collar of Mermaids) p. 135 ; Haines, vol. I. p., cxlviii. (Head of Lady Berkeley); Cooke's History of Berkeley, p. 31; Art Journal, vi, p. 34 ; Blanche's Cyclopcedia of Costume, p. I2g» (Collar, Mermaid) ; Bigland's Gloucestershire. Portions lost. — The inscription, heaume, sword, dagger> rowels of spurs, and shields, if any. Biographical Account. — Though this Lord Berkeley is termed foiirih lord, he was really the tenth. In Smyth's " Lives of the Berkeleys " the second volume commences with " The life of Thomas lord Berkeley the fourth of that name." Thirty-eight pages are devoted to him and from them the following information is taken. Monumental Brasses. 7 He was born at Berkeley Castle on January 4th, 26 Edw. III., 1352. In 41 Edw. III. it was agreed between his father Maurice lord Berkeley, and Gerrard Warren lord de Lisle, that Thomas should marry Margaret, daughter of the said Gerrard, her portion being 1,100 marks. " And that the said Margaret, by reason of her tender age (then being about seaven) should for fower years remaine with her father, and this Thomas de Berkeley with his father." " But the sickness of the lord Maurice Berkeley increasing, notwithstanding the former agreement of fower years stay : they were by his request maryed at the said lord Lisle his house at Wengrave, in Buckinghamshire, in November next following." He was 15 years of age when his father Maurice died on June 8th, 42 Edw. III. The king appoints his father-in-law, Warren de Insula, his guardian, who so well looked after the property that when Thomas came of age he was well off. At this time he was knighted " and forthwith passeth to the warrs of France." In 5 Ric. II. his wife and her father come to Berkeley ; and Thomas gives his father-in-law free permission to live at Berkeley and to enjoy the fishing and hunting pertaining to the Castle : *' the good old lord de Insula, the 28th of June next after these sweet and sociable agreements, in 6 Ric. II. dyeth." In i and 2 Ric. II "this lord was imployed both by sea and land in the warrs that then were hott both against Ffrance and Spaine." In 4 Ric. II. he was iighting in Britany, in 8 and 9 Ric. II he accompanied the king agamst the Scots, and the next year the king came to Berkeley Castle. In 16 Ric. II. "this lord went beyond seas into Ffrance and other Countryes." '• This was no martial! expedition but occasioned as it may seeme upon greefe conceived by the death of his wife, or to avoid the danger of Court stormes which then began to bluster with an hollow wind." In 1399 a meeting of nobles took place at Berkeley, and Thomas declared " hee made himself a spetiall witnes at Flint Castle of king Richard's promise to renounce the Crowne." He testified it in the king's presence in the Tower of London ; and on the meeting of the three estates in Parliament, a bishop, abbot, earl, baron, and knight being the represent- atives chosen to pronounce his majesty's deposition, he was the baron appointed for that purpose. In 5 Hen. IV. he was made admiral of the king's fleet, from the mouth of the Thames 8 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. to the west and south, and sworn of the king's privy council in open Parhament. Ha (Waif, eodem anno) burnt fifteen sail of French ships in Milford Haven, part of the fleet sent to the assistance of Owen Glendower, and took fourteen more, on board of which were the seneschal of France, and eight officers of note, whom he made prisoners. In 6 and 7 Hen. IV. he was chief commander in the Welsh wars, and engineer at the sieges of Lampadervar, in Pembrokeshire. He was at the battle of Agincourt in 1415, and Drayton mentions " Berkeley and Burnell two brave English lords." He was also fond of sporting, and preserved foxes and game largely. He greatly increased his estate by purchasing manors, advowsons, etc., and other property from time to time. Pope Urban VI., in 1380, "by his Episcopall bull," gave him leave to choose his own confessor. " In short, he was not onlj' a great soldier, but was distinguished as a lover of learning. John Trevisa, the famous vicar of Berkeley, celebrated by Bale for his learning and eloquence, translated the Old and New Testaments into English at the request of this lord Berkeley." He made his will 2nd February, 1415, (3 Hen. V) and amongst his numerous bequests appears, " to the Church of Berkeley, one green pair of vestments, with all their furnyture ; and to the Church where his body should bee buryed his best paire of vestments, with all their furniture, ;£"20 money, and one guilt crosse, with all the relikes inclosed in the same, with all his best cruets, and also one white pair of vestments with all their furniture, and also the best paire of his black vestments, and his best missale, with a good chalice ; and to the Chaple within Berkeley Castle, one paire of satten vestments, one missale, two chalices, and one paire of cruets.'' Unfortunately he made no testamentary disposition of his property, which became the source of lawsuits between the descendants of his nephew James, who succeeded him, and the descendants of his daughter. " Upon the 13th of July in the fifth year of that victorious king Henry the fifth. Anno. 1417, the glasse of this lord Thomas runneth out, at Wotton-under-edge, hee then of the age of 64 yeares six monthes and eight days, whereof hee had sate lord 49 yeares one month and 5 dayes ; and lived a widdower the last twenty six years thereof, or neer there- Moniinu'iildl lU asses. g abouts ; and lyeth buried in the parish Churcli of Wotton under-Edge with the translated bones of tlie lady Margaret his wife resting by liim, under a faire tonibe there. Nos quos certus amor priniis conjuiixit ab an:iis lunxit idem tumulus, junxit idemque polus. In youth oui" parents joyn d our liancls, our selves, our hearts, This tombe our bodyes hath, th' heavens our better parts. It lias been already stated that he married Margaret, sole daughter and heiress of Gerard Warren lord Lisle (de Insula) by Alice, daughter of Henry lord Tyes. Her brotlier Gerard married Anne, daughter of Monsieur Michael de la Pole, but dying without issue, Margaret became the heiress of her father. On his death, when she was twenty-two years of age, the two baronies of Lisle and T\es came to the Berkelf*y family, and her husband's estate was doubled. Smyth describes her as a " very mild and devout lady." '' This lady Margaret died at Wotton-under-Edge, the twentieth of March, about the fifteenth year of Richard the second, then about thirty years of age ; having been maryed at seaven ; and lyeth buried in the parish Church of Wotton under a faire tombe by the side of her husband, whither her bones were translated : The greefe of whose death soe fastened upon the affections of her lord and husband, that hee never after affected mariage, although hee was at her death but thirty eight years of age, and of an able constitution, and then without issue male to uphold his name and barony." They had only one child, a daughter named Elizabeth, who married Richard Beaucbanip, son and heir of Thomas, earl of Warwick and left issue, three daughters (i) Margaret, who became the second wife of John Talbot, first earl of Shrewsbury ; (2) Ellenor, was first married to Thomas lord Koos of Hamelake, and secondl}' to Edmond Beaufort, Duke of Somerset ; (3) Elizabeth, was married to George Neville, lord Latimer, a younger son of Ralph Neville, earl of Westmoreland. Ill— Bristol— Uemple Cburcb. A civilian [1396] half effigy, four latin verses. North aisle. — Haines. Position. — The brass is now on the chanceK floor, but originally it was in the Weaver's Chapel. Size. — 22^ in. x ig in. D.scription. — His hair is cut short, and he is represented as clean-shaven. He wears simply a hood and a tunic, which lo Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. is the usual costume of demi-figures of this period. His tunic has close fitting sleeves with ornamented cuffs: buttoned gauntlet? extend half-way up his hand. He is shown full face with hands folded in the attitude of prayer. Inscriptio)!. — This is below the figure:— j£6 testis IPC : ciC>' lion iacet bic lapis iste Corpus vt orncr : set spc vt memoret Ibinc tu qui transis: magnus mc&ius puer an sis pro me funDe preces : Oabit' mtcbi sic venie spes which is thus translated in " Notes on the Ecdesiasiical and Monumental Architect^!' e and :>ctdptnre of the Middle Ages in Bristol," by George Pryce, 1850 :— "Thou art a witness, O Christ ! that this stone is not intended to ornament the body, but to commemorate the spirit, into which thou hast passed, great Mediatory Son : pour out thy prayers for me and thus give me pardoning hope." In " Bristol, Past and Present," it is thus rendered :— "Thou art witness O Christ, that this stone is not here laid to adorn the body, but that the soul may be remembeied. You who pass by, whether old, middle aged or youth, make supplication for me that I may attain hope of pardon." Haines records that these verses, with slight variations, were oftentimes introduced into inscriptions. Illustration.— In Pryce's ''Notes,'' a poorly executed sketch of this brass is given on p. 118, fig. 9. Portions Lost. — The inscription round the margin. Biographical Accowit. — As the marginal inscription is lost, it is not known who is commemorated by it. In "'Notes on Monumental Brasses in Gloucestershire,'' Sir A. W. Franks, F.R.S.. F.S.A., says it is "of a wool merchant, for which this part of England has been so long famous."— P»-oc. Sor. ^»^/rasses. 13 funnel-shaped cuffs. Tiie pointed toes of her enihroidered shoes are seen resting upon a greyhound, wliich wears a collar of bells, and evuientl}' a favourite, lor under it is engraved its name, "7V;-;'/.'''t (<^) Fig. 8. Dog Teri'i, 1400. Deerhurst. The figures are under a double canopy with pointed and cusped heads springing from foliated corbels; the crocketted ogee gables are terminated by foliated finials, each tymp;inum is filled in with a circular panel containing a conventional rose. On either side and between ihe canopies rise panelled pinnacles set on diagonally, and terminating in crocketted finials. The outer pinnacles are continued down on either side till they meet the diapered band at the base, and upon which : the figures stand. The centre pinnacle is^ terminated at the springing by a foliated pendant. The husband is not represented straight under the centre of the canopy above his head, but the wife is. Between the gables and central pinnacle were two plates of brass containing effigies of saints. Unfortunately the plate containing St. John the Baptist has disappeared, but I ani able to give an illustration (9) from a rubbing of this brass, kindly given nie by the late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett, F.S.A. It represented St. John Baptist, his head surround- ed by a nimbus ; his hair and beard are long. He is dressed in a hairy garment, girt about the loins with a sjirdle, tied in front and the ends Fig 9. St. John the Baptist, 1400. Deerhurst. ■( On a brass formerly at Ingham, Norfolk, the pet clog's name was Jakkc. 14 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. hanging down. His feet are bare. He is holding a book fastened by a long clasp, and on which is the sacred lamb, to which he is pointing with his left hand. Behind the lamb is a cro's with a streamer flying from the shaft, and on the streamer is a cross. The corbel on which St. John stands is ornamented with trefoils. The other plate (lo) represents St. Anneinstrucft ing the Virgin Mary ; St. Anne is wearing the ordinary costume of widows, consisting of the veil head-dress, barbe and long robes. The Virgin Mary has her hair long, and her head surrounded by a nimbus. A cape is over her shoulders, and she is clad in a dress which fits the arms and body tightly and is laced up the front from the skirt. The Virgin Mary is holding a book in her left hand and apparently writing from the dicftation of St. Anne, who is pointing to the book with her right hand, whilst her left hand is resting on the Virgin Mary's right shoulder. An illustration of the same subjecft appears in the A rt jfournal, HRSjl ^*^8r 1851, taken from the chapel of Henry ^j ^ Vn., in Westminster Abbey. It is Fig. 10. St. Anne & Virgin termed " a good example of the peculiar Mary. 1400, Deerhurst. taste of the fifteenth century." Both are lying full faced, with hands folded as if praying, Lad}' Cassy being at her husband's right hand Inscription. — Round the verge is the following inscription commencing over Lady Cassy's head : — 1F3ic facet Jobes Caffv? milee et qllon^ant capitalis asaro S'cc'ij Ctni iRegis qui obijt jjiijo Die /nbaij anno <5'nt ^^ QCCC j£t Blicia vjor efns quoc' a'i'ab3 p'picietur Dens. Which may be thus translated : — " Here hes John Cassy, knight and formerly chief Baron of the Exchequer of our lord the King, who died on the 23rd day of May, A.D. 1400. And Alice, his wife, on whose souls may God have pity." The intervals between the words are filled with scrolls, leaves, and flowers, e.g., between " Hie " and " iacet " is a Monumental Brasses. 15 biped fal>ulous monster, between " vxor " and " cius " is a spray of honeysuckle. (11) Heraldry. — In each angle was a shield, but the ones above and below the lady are gone. Over the knight is — " ... a chevron between three hawks' heads erased, Fig, II. Honeysuckle. 140c, Deerhurst. Cassy," (12) and below " . . . three lions passant in pale . . ." In the _ . ,_ ^ '^ . Fig. 12. ArmsofCassy. Gentlemnns Magazine for February, 1400, Deerhurst. 1840, the latter shield is stated to bear the three lions of England, the writer having probably been mislead by Gough or by the plate in Lysons' ' Gloucestershire Antiquities,' and Mr. Foss has fallen into the same error." — Walle/s Mon.Br. Rudder thus describes the shields— Argent, a chevron between three eagles' heads erased gules for Cassy, and three lioncels passant guardant, the arms of England. Mr. Dan. H. Haigh blazons the second shield— three leopards, passant guardant, but the lions or lioncels are not passant guardant. Possibly the second shield is for the Gloucestershire family, e.g., Giflfard, — gules, three Hons, passant in pale, argent. On the brass to Richard Cassey, priest (1427) at Tredington, Worcestershire, the former coat appears twice. Illiistraiions.— Lysons' Gloucestershire Antiquities, plate XVII., Waller, plate XV. and in Haines s Introduction, p. clxviii (Lady Cas=;v onlyj. Portions Lost. — Two shields, one above and the other below Lady Cassy, and the plate on which was engraved St. John Baptist. (9) Biographical Accou.:. — "The name of this judge first occurs among the council in Richard Bellewe's Reports in the time of Richard II. He came of an old Gloucestershire family, whose possession of the manor of Compton, on the little river Coin in that county gave it the name of Cassy Compton {Rudder's Gloucestershire) . Sir John was appointed chief baron of the exchequer 12 Richard II. 1389 ; letters of i6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. privy seal for tliat office being ordered bj^ the council on the 13th November when payment was directed to be made to him for the time he was in Wales (Nicholases Ordinances of tlie Privy Council). He received a ne\v patent upon the accession of Henry IV. in 1399, but died in the following year."- — Waller's Monniuental Brasses. "For more than 300 years the Cassy family appear to have held the same estate (Wightfield) in the parish. The moated house on that estate is a very interesting one, and still bears on its front the Cassy crest." Biitterwortlis Notes on the Priory and Chnrch of Deerhnrst. In 2 Richard II. one Ruyhale and Otho, late clerks of the peace, certified falsely into the Chancery a record concerning this Lord Thomas {i.e. Thomaj;, tenth, Lord Berkeley) and the King, supposed to be taken before Judge Cassy and his fellow Justices of the Peace ; for which unjust fa (ft this lord complaynes, and upon hearing thereof Ruyhale is fined 100 marks; and Otho five marks, which either of them do pay, and so obtained their pardon. Pat. 18, Ric. II., p. i, m. 26. A release, dated Saturday, the feast of St. Swithin, 7 Henry IV., mentions William Cassy, son and heir of John Cassy, of Wightfield, Knight. v.— Cirencester. A wuie merchant (?) and wife Margaret, circa 1400, under canopy, large, much worn. Nave. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone in Lady Chapel. Siie. — 'Uh. 4in. X 3ft. 5m. The following particulars respecting this brass are taken from the valuable and exhaustive paper On the Moniunental Brasses of Cirencester, by the Rev. W, E. Hadow, M.A., Vicar of South Cerney ; read at the Cirencester meeting of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society. The paper is published m the Transacliions of that year, and Mr. Hadow has kindly granted permission to make use of this important monograph. Description. — *'But in the same Chapel (Lady Chapel) there is a very fine specimen, at least sixty years earlier than Nottingham's ; it lies near the north wall of the chapel, and is greatly mutilated ; it represents a merchant and his wife, with a fine double canopy, the underpart of which shows the groining of the arch, while cusps terminate in trefoils. Monumental Brcisses. 17 characfteristics which mark this brass as dating between 1320-60 (temp. Edward II. and Edward III.) The male figure, which lias lost the head, is clad in a gown with flowing sleeves, and bound round the waist with a girdle falling in front of the figure ; on the end of the girdle the letter ® is found worked as a monogram ; the feet are in pointed shoes, resting on a winecask*(i3) and above the canopy,over the male Fig. 13. Wine Cask. C 1400, Cirencester. figure, is a shield (14) bearing an almost obliterated escutcheon of arms, somewhat resembling the old arms of the city of Bristol ; so possibly this merchant may have had some connec- tion with that place. There is also another escutcheon with the follow- ing :— 5bc baue merc^ on us. The female figure has almost entirely disappeared, but the lower part still remains, showing the bottom of a long-flowing kirtle, buttoned to the feet, which, like her husband's rest on a^wine cask. The inscription, only a fragment of which remains, is remarkable for being alternately pig. 14. shield. in raised and sunken letters, and c 1400. Cirencester. is the only specimen"^' of the two sorts of lettering occurring * The feet of Simon Seman, Vinter, and Alderman of London (1433) at Barton-on-Humber, Lincolnshire, rest on wine barrels. ** Inscriptions in raised and sunken letters also occur at Balsham, Cambs. Dr. John Blodwell, 1462 ; at Biggleswade, Beds. John Rudyn, 1481 ; and others. i8 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. in the same inscription that I am acquainted with." — Trans. Bris. and Gl. Arch. Soc. : Vol. it., p. 152. The canopy is double witli pointed and cusped heads, and crocketted ogee gables, terminating with foliated finials. The arch is groined. Each tympanum is filled in with a circular panel with an ornamental centre. The spandrels are filled with sprays. On either side and between the canopies are panelled pinnacles set on edgeways and termin- ated with crocketted finials; the outer pinnacles are continued down on either side, forming a border, but the centre one is terminated in a foliated pendant. The husband is represented in the attitude of devotion, the wife is on the husband's left hand. hiscription. — The portion of the inscription which remains (two-fifths of the whole) is much worn, but the following words may be deciphered : — . . . /iRargcria coniuj sua fcmiiia . . . ope6 reperat gauDia quoD subeat . . . mlbi • ■ • tempore . . . cscroii work) . . . cunctis merltis illis git uita perbennfs Unfortunately this inscription has not been preserved in any of the county histories. Heraldry. — As mentioned above, the shield is not easy to decipher. Illustration. — I am not aware that this brass has formed the illustration of any work. Portions lost. — Head of husband, upper half of wife, more than half of the inscription, several crockets,, one of the finials, two of the pinnacles, and two shields at the top of the brass. Biographical Account. — Rev. T. P. Wadley, M.A., Naunton Recftory, kindly suggests that perhaps the brass was eredled to '• Thomas Beaupyne, whose will was made in 1403. and proved or administered to, in 1404. He desired to be buried in the Abbey of Cirencester, in the chapel of Sir Henry Mourton, and left the residue of his effecfts to Margaret, his wife. He had been a burgess of Bristol." The Rev. E. A. Fuller, M.A., supposes that he was a *' Gotorest," there being wine-merchants of that name who lived at Bristol, and were connected with this town. Monumental Brasses. ^9 vi.-iKlortbleacb. A wool-mercliant and wife, circa 1400, large, once in north aisle, relaid in nave. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the centre of nave. 5«^^.— Husband 4ft. gin. X ift. 4in. ; wife 4ft. yin. x ift 3in. Description. — The hair of tlie husband is short and bruslied back from the temples. " His beer was by his eres rounde i-shorn, His top was docked lyk a preest biforn.'' He lias moustaches and a forked beard. He wears a tight- fitting tunic reaching to the ankles; from the waist it is fastened by buttons, of which nine are visible, the others being concealed by the hanging portion of the girdle. The sleeves of this tunic are close-fitting, and from beneath them emerge the tighter sleeves of an under-dress with many buttons, fifteen show- ing on the right wrist and thirteen on the left. The tunic is confined at • &ir»i:L->:WOi^25i f ••»« '- iVif; t he waist by a girdle (15) of leather adorn- ed with ros- ettes, and pass- ing through a square buckle the end is passed under the 'girdle hanging down in front, and terminated by a metal pendant, on which is en- graved the letter Qi;, prob- abl3'oneof his Fig. 15. Girdle, c 1400, Northleach. initials. Sus- pended from the girdle by a thong on his left side is the anelace or dagger. (16) The top of the ^. ^ , , && \ y ^ Fig. 16. Anelace. Ci4ite,Northleact) 20 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. scabbard is ornamented with four Gothic canopies, and two on the chape. Over all is a mantle, fastened by three large buttons on the right shoulder, which, gathered over the left arm, hangs gracefully. Round his neck he wears a hood of which two but- tons are fastened and three unfastened. The shoes are pointed and fastened across the instep by a plain buckle. By liis standing on a woolpack it is surmised that he was a wool-merchant. (17) Fig. 17. Woolpack, C 1400, Northleach. On her head the wife wears a close cap with its front edges plaited, carried strait across the forehead and down the sides of the face. Over this is a veil or kerchief falling down on the back and shoulders. The kirtle is seen at the neck and wrists, being in both places closely buttoned ; at the neck the two top buttons are not fastened, and the upper edge of the kirtle is turned down so as to form a collar. On the fourth finger of her right hand she wears a ring with a jewel set in it. Over all is a mantle, fastened in front by the usual cord, the fermailes and slide are hidden, the ends «hang down in front, and are terminated by tassels. At her feet lies a lap-dog (18) with a flft collar of bells. |QMip|^'^^^^^^ The two effigies lie full- ^^^L^^^^PI^^ face with hands folded in the ^^R^H^V^^^^^ ^% act of praying. j^^lMr^^J^H^^^^J Illustrations. BoutelVs ^^^^^* ^jS^^jfc Scries; Cults f E.L.J Scenes Fig. 18. Dog. c 1400 Northi ach. «"<^ Characters of tJic Middle Mommioital Brasses. 2i Ages, p. 522 (husband only), Planche's Cyclopcedia 0/ Costume, p. 8. Portions lost. — All that remains of this memorial is in good condition, but from its being removed and the indent disappeared, it is impossible to say how much or what of this brass has been lost. The Rev. E. L. Cutts says that "over the effigy is an elegant canopy, which it is not necessary for our purpose to give, but it adds much to the beauty and sumptuousness of the monument." Biogrnpliical Account. — It is not known to whose memory this brass is erected. vn.— iibtppiuo Campben. William G revel, citizen of London, ''■flos inercdtomni laiuir' tocins Anglie,'" 1401, and wife Marion [daughter of Sir John Thornborough ?] 1386, with canopy, merchant's marks, and marginal inscription (the end of which was loose Jan., 1860), very large, chancel. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in front of the Communion rails. Size. — 8ft. gin. x 4ft. 4in. Husband alone, 5ft. 4in. x ift. 4in. Description. — The hair of William Grevel is short and removed from the temples like that of the reeve described by Chaucer in his Canterbury Tales. At this period the young men were clean shaven, their elders wore a moustache and beard. Chaucer tells us A marchant was there with a forked beard, and this fashion was duly followed by William Grevel. He wears a tightfitting tunic reaching to the ankles ; from the waist it is fastened by buttons, of which three are visible above the girdle and eleven beneath it. The sleeves of this tunic are close-fitting, and from beneath them emerge the tighter sleeves of an under-dress with seven buttons showing on each wrist. The tunic is confined at the waist by a girdle made of leather profusely adorned, and passing through an oval buckle, the end is passed under the girdle hanging down in front, and ter- minated by a metal pendant, on which is engraved a rosette. On his left side is the anelace, or basilard, which is suspended from the girdle by a thong. The anelace is broad in the blade, sharpened on both sides and tapered from hilt to point. The scabbard is ornamented with little pateras at the top and middle. Over all is a mantle, fastened by three large buttons on 22 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. the right shoulder, and, gathered over the left arm, hangs gracefully. Round his neck he wears a hood of which the buttons are not shewn. The shoes are pointed and fastened across the instep by a plain buckle. The background of the feet is plain. Marion Grevel wears the nebule head dress, which consists of three rolls of frills worn only on the top of the head and shoulders. Round her neck is a frill. The kirtle and cote- hardie are buttoned from the neck to the feet, and more than four score buttons are shown. In the Romance of Sir De^revant, the writer describing the dress of an earl's daughter, says "To tell her botennes was toore" {i.e., dure, hard)— to count her buttons would give much trouble. She wears neither mantle nor girdle, and closely buttoned mittens are seen on her wrists. The ends of the shoes are visible. They have hands folded in the attitude of prayer, the wife being on her husband's left hand. The figures lie under a double canopy crocketed and cusped : in each pediment is the merchant's mark. (19) This mark consists of a cross standing on a globe, and a streamer attached to the shaft. On either side and from the middle rise pinnacles. Between the fmials and pinnacles are four shields. (20) It is very unusual to find the merchant's mark and his coat of arms on the same monument. The two outer pinnacles are continued Fig. 19. Merchant's .,,,., ^ , Mark. 1401, Campden. down till their bases from the extremity of the diapered band at the bottom upon which the figures stand. The centre pinnacle has a foliated capital and is continued till its base rests on the diapered band. Inscription. — The inscriptions are placed exadtly as on the French monuments, the husband's beginning under his feet, the wife's over her head. The legend round the verge comprises two distindt and complete commemorative inscriptions : — ^ 1bic iacet Milelmus ©reuel 5c Camp&cne I quoiiDm' Ciuis XoiiDon' S. ti03 m'catoC lanar' tocius Bnglie qui obijt p'mo Die menfe ©ctobris Bir | Dn'i miirm'o CCCC" p'mo. ^ 1bic lacet iHbariona vjor | pre&icti Milelmi que obijt 2)ecimo Die iHbenfis For an account of Merchants' Marks see Gloucestershire Notes and Queries vol. v., p. 107 and vol. vi., pp. 9-12. Mommienfal Brasses. 23 Septcmbris anno D'n'i mill mo CCC^ XfJJ^ lt)5" Quor* a'i ab* [p'ptctcjtur Dcus. amen. which may be thus translated : " Here lies William Grevel, of Campden, formerly a citizen of London, and the flower of the wool-merchants of all England, who died on the first day of Oc^tober, yV.D. 1401. Here lies Marion, wife of the aforesaid William, who died on the tenth of September, A.D., 1386. On whose souls may God have pity. Amen." Heraldry. — The arms on the four shields, are :■ — Sable on a cross engrailed or, five pellets within a bordure engrailed of the second ; a mullet of the second in the dexter quarter for difference. The same still appears on the arms of the Earls of Warwick, but without the mullet. Illustrations. — Engravings of this brass may be found in Gough, vol. H. pjg ^^ AmsofGrever pi. IV., p. 10, Bigland's Collections for 1401, Campden. Gloucesshire, vol. I., p. 283, BontelVs Series, Weekly Register, No. 7, p. 105; BoutelVs Heraldry, Plate, xxxvii. (coat of arms) Portions Lost. — The lower portion of the central shaft, three crockets, the capital of the column at the wife's left hand fpicie of the inscription. Biographical. Account. — -It is said that this family is of Norman extracftion. John Grevill died before 33 Edward HI., and was succeeded by his son William, who was seated at Campden. 21 Richard H. he had a son William, who was known as William Grevel of London, though afterwards he became of Campden, and is the subjecft of this memoir. " William Grevel, woolmerchant, of Campden, who rebuilt Campden Church, co. Gloucester, lent to King Richard the Second, two hundred marks, on a promise of repayment at the ensuing Easter, 1398. He purchased in the same year, of Sir Walter Beauchamp, Knt., the manor of Millcote, and obtained a release of the same from William de Peto, Nov. 5, 1398. In 1400- 1, 2 Henry IV., he entailed that estate by fine on the heirs of Joan, his then wife, sister and heir to Sir Philip Thorn- bury, Knt., and for want of such issue, to John and Lodowick, his sons by his first wife. 24 Gloiicestcysliire Notes and Queries. , Male issue by his second wife Joan failing,. he was succeeded in his estates by his eldest son John, and as an instance of the change in coat armour common at this period, it is deserving of note, that this John Grevel bore for his arms — Sable, on a cross engrailed within a bordure or, ten annulets of the first ; in the dexter quarter, a mullet of the second. He was suc- ceeded by his son John, who bore the arms without either annulets or pellets, but retained the mullet. The arms of the Grevilles as now borne by them are with the pellets, but without the mullet." — Willis's Current Notes (1857), vol. VII., p. 88. "Speaking of the eminent clothiersf of Wiltshire, Aubrey states that 'the ancestor of Sir William Webb, of Odstock, near Salisliury, was a merchant of the staple in Salisbury. As Greville and Wenman bought all the Coteswold wool, so did Hall and Webb the wool! of Salisbury plaines.' " For the subjoined interesting particulars, the reader is indebted to the Rev. T. P. Wadley. In a tax roll (numbered 'af in the Public Record Office) which seems to belong to 2 or 4 Richard II ; " Will' Greuel ineiaitor hiii' Marie vx' ei' xiijs. iijd. for both ; his servants Thomas, William, John, and Robert, and Agnes, and Agnes were taxed iiijd. each. '■^ The liiquis p. Diorteni 3 Henry IV. No. 33 records that Wm. Grevil possessed property in Ullington and Pebworth. " These occur on the ancient roll of the Guild of the Holy Trinity, &c., of Coventry, the name of William Grevel, of Campedene, and Ma.vwta his wife, and Richard Greuel his father. "The will of William Grevel, who died in 1401, is registered at the Lambeth Library, in Arundel, vol. I., fol. 183. It was made 2 Apr., 1401, and proved at Lambeth, 8th Ocf., 1401. He desired to be buried in the Church of the Blessed Mary of ' Campeden,' and bequeathed a 100 marks to the new work to be carried on there. Four chaplains were to celebrate daily in that Church for 10 years and be paid ^200. Thomas Hare- well, Richard, my priest, Thomas Geme, John Lawe, John Thurk, William Welde, Henry Foliot, Andrew Boteller, Wm. Cooke, were the legatees named. Residue of goods to the executors, namely, his wife Johan, John Grevell, and Richard Boschell (apparently Richard Bushell, then of Broad Marston, ■ t The general name for a clothier was a " a webbe," under which title Chaucer has introduced one into his Canterbury T^les. Monumental Brasses. 25 in Pebworth), who were to dispose, pro anima tiien, Sir Roger Hatton, abbot of Evesliam, and Sir William Bradley, overseers." The present Earl of Warwick is descended from Wm. Grevel and is entitled to quarter his arms. For particulars as to descent from William Grevel the reader is referred to '■'■ Accoiuit of the Greville FaDilly,'' by J. Edmondson, 1766. VIII.— D^H'bam. Sir Morys Russel [1401] , and wife Isabel, with canopy (pediments only left), 6 Latin verses, large. South aisle. Haines. Position. — Under a movable platform in south aisle. Size. — 7ft. 6in. x 3ft. lin. Description. — Sir Morys is represented in the armour which was commonly used during the end of the fourteenth and the first ten years of the fifteenth century. His armour is therefore very similar to that worn by Thomas Lord Berkeley, at Wotton-under-Edge, already described in No. II. of this series. Sir Morys wears the bascinet, camail, and habergeon of chain mail, breast and back plates, jupon with a a straight edge, and plate armour over the arms and legs. The hands are protected by gauntlets which are plain at the wrists, where the lining is visible, and they are armed with only one row of gadlings. He wears no collar. Gussets of mail are shown at the arm-pits, elbow-joints, and also at the knees and feet. The jupon is confined on the hips by a horizontal baldrick of square plates of metal richly chased and linked together, to which are attached the misericorde and sword. The misericorde, or dagger of mercy, which was used to give the coup de gtace, is also called the basilard. It was a short dagger without a crossguard, worn on the right side, and attached to the baldrick by a short cord or chain. The upper part of the sheath for the sword is ornamented with rich tracery. The rowels of the spurs are clearly shown, and his feet are resting on a lion, (21) Lady Russel wears the nebule head-dress. This consists of a caul of network arranged in three rows on the top of the head. Under this caul is a close-fitting embroidered cap, which keeps the hair off" the forehead. The head -dress conceals the ears and falls in a wavy line upon the shoulders, where the network again appears. She is clothed in a mantle fastened 26 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Fig. 21. Sollerets and Lion. 1401, Dyrham. by a cord. Above the hands we see five buttons of the gown which is cut higher than that of Lady Berkeley. At her feet Has a Httle lap dog with a collar of bells. (22) Fig. 22. Dog. 1401, Dyrham. The figures are under a double canopy with oval cusped heads and crocketted ogee gables. Each tympanum is filled with a circular panel, containing a shield. The spandrils of the cusps are filled with leaves and terminate in trefoils. They both are represented full-face, with hands folded Monumental Brasses. 27 ready for devotion : the wife lying at her husband's right hand. Inscription. — Under their feet are the following Leonine verses : /IRilcs p'uatus vita lacct b(c tumulatU5 Sub petra ftratiis /lIbor\}6lRuriel vocitatue Jfabcl fponfa fuit buiusmllitis ifta (Slue iacet abfcoufa Tub marmorea mo^o cifta Cell folameii. trinitas, bis conferat. amen. (Slui fuit eft ct erit concito morte perit. Entombed here bereft of life, behold a noble Knight Beneath this stone he lieth prone, once Morys Russel hight And Isabel his loving spouse in marble rare enclosed Hidden from sight of earthly wight hath here her limbs reposed The joy of Heaven bestow on these, blest Trinity of Grace Past, present, future. Death shall seize, who are of mortal race. The two lines commencing with Isabel were also on a brass of about the same date at St. Mary's, Stafford : the names of the wives being the only difference. Vide Ashnwle's Collec- tions for Staffordshire, Bodleian Library, No. 583, Vol. I. fol. 12 a. Heraldry : — Over the husband, Argent, on a chief gules three bezants. The field is covered with diaper work, consisting of quatrefoils. (23 a) Over the wife is, Russel as above, impaling quar- Fig. 23 a terly ist and 4th Argent, a bend wavy gules, between two bendlets of the last, Kingston, 2nd and 3rd, Ermine three annulets, one within the other gules, Fig. 23 b Fitton. (23 b) Illustration. — The effigies engraved in BouteWs Series. Portions Lost. — The tops of the canopies and the flanking pinnacles, a portion of the guard of the sword Biographical A ccount. — " It is traditionally asserted that Sir Maurice Russel, knight, built the church dedicated to St. Peter at Dyrham. He was Sheriff of Gloucestershire i^g6." Bigland. He died seized of the manor 2 H. IV, and left two daughters Margaret and Isabel, the first married to Sir Gilbert Dennys, knight ; who, with Sir John Drayton and Isabel his wife, the other daughter of Sir Maurice, (married before to Sir John St. Roe) were jointly seized of the manor of Dyrham 3 H. V. 28 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. But Sir Maurice, by a second wife, had a son Thomas, whose only child was named Margery, and died without issue. IX. AND X.— Bristol, Xlrinit^, or JSarstaple aimsbouse Cbapel. IX. — John Barstaple, burgess, founder of almshouses, 141 1, canopy lost, small. X. — Isabella [Gayner?] wife of No. IX., canopy lost, engraved ciycd 141 1, small. — Haines. Position. — In March 1882 these brasses consisted of loose and detached pieces in the custody of the Charity Trustees at Bristol. They were originally on two flat stones in the Chapel of the Trinity Almshouses. The erecftion of the new chapel was completed in 1882 when the brasses were recanopied and replaced on separate ledger stones in the chapel. Size. — 3ft. yin. x ift. gin. and 3ft. 5in. x ift. gin. Description. — Though these are separate memorials it will be convenient to describe them together. It was not usual to eredt a memorial for a wife distindl from that of her husband in the same church. John Barstaple has his hair cut short and a bifid beard. Round his neck he wears a hood fastened by buttons at the throat. His tunic reaches to his ankles, and is confined at the waist by an ornamental girdle, buckled in front, the end hanging down is terminated by a metal pendant, which formerly had a jewel in the cavity shown on the ■■■BHHHBil brass. From this belt is suspended a ^■^H ^^I^HP basilard or anelace on his left side. The ^Si^^^yj^ sleeves are close and buttoned at the luWA'fAMA wrist. The shoes are large and fastened across the instep by a buckle. The ground beneath them is adorned with Fig. 24. F-eet. Hhes (24) 1 141, Bristol Trinity. The figure of Isabella, the wife of John Barstaple, is a restored copy of an older one {Haines, p. liii.). The hair is represented on each side of the face; her head is covered by a veil or kerchief faUing down on the back and shoulders ; a gorget or wimple covers the neck, and is drawn over the chin. Round the shoulders is a cape fastened in front by a bow. She wears a long dress with tight sleeves slightly open in front showing the fur lining, and confined at Monumental Brasses. 29 Fig. 25 Groundwork. c 1141. Bristol Trinity. the waist by a girdle which is tied in bow in front. Under her feet are three leaves of clover. (25) They are both represented eredt in the attitude of prayer. Over each figure is a single canopy, crocketted and cusped with a panelled pinnacle on either side also crocketted and cusped ; these pinnacles are continued to meet the inscription which is placed under the feet of each. The merchant's mark is below the inscription on the husband's brass and the coat of arms in a similar position on the wife's brass. The merchant's mark consists of a cross with three streamers from the stem, which passes through a globe and terminates in another cross. (26) , ■ ,• Fig. 26. Merchants' Mark. lliscnption. — J4„ Bristol, Trinity. 1btc lacet Sob'cs JUarftaple JSurcjcf Dillc JBurfto [ir tii&atoi ifti loci quij | obijt jv hal'n ©ctob' Ira D'o'cal" D B° C)'n( /IR™" cacC""' 15""* cut' [a ("e p'pictet' D's amen.] The words in brackets have been restored to the inscription. Here lies John Barstaple, burgess of the town of Bristol, founder of this place, who died 15th kalends of Odlober, the Dominical letter D., 141 1, on whose soul may God be merciful. Amen. 1bic lacet Jfabella ciuonDa vj' Job is JSarftaplc que obiit anno £>'n( mtU'o CCCd"'" I'ra d'c'calis cui' aMe P'piciet' &'6 ame. Here lies Isabella wife of John Barstaple, who died in the year of our Lord, 14 the dominical letter being on whose soul may God have pity. Amen. 01a ruo mo ' ifHinraiD aifin; tKffaJ Fig. 27. Inscription. 141 1, Bristol, Trinity. The dix of quondam and the do in dominicalis are conjoined and this contraction for doniini is not usual. (27) This use of the dominical letter is rare, and the Roman computation by Kalends seldom occurs. 30 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Fig. 28. ShieM. c 1411. Bristol, Trinity. Though John Barstaple and his wife were founders of the Trinity Almshouses, no one has taken the trouble of filhng in the blanks on the brass of Isabella Barstaple with the date of her death. From her will it is clear she did not long- survive her husband. Heraldry — The arms on the shield below the wife are " Azure, on a fesse between three roses or, as many bugle horns sa, Gayner." (Simpson.) (28) llhistration. — Hristol, Pasl and Present vol. 2. p. 176. Portions Lost. — The canopy on each brass and a portion of the inscrip- tion to John Barstaple were lost but are now restored, and the brasses are in perfedl condition. Biographical Account. — John Barstaple was bailiff in 1379, sheriff in 1389; and Mayor of the city in 1395, 1401, 1405. "When John Barstaple married his wife Isabella she was a spinster and the younger daughter of Walter Darby, the founder of St. Werburgh's Church." — F. W. Newton. The will of Isabella Barstaple, widow of John Barstaple, a burgess of Bristol, was made 2nd March, 141 1, and proved 30th March, 1412, (his will see 23 Marche) 1412. P. C. C. 24 Marche. To be buried in the Chapel of the Holy Trinity, "iux' portam Lafford." Names sons. Sir Nicholas, a chaplain, and Thomas and two daughters Alice and Joan wife of Robert Shepward. For further particulars see Bristol Wills p. 87. XL— (Siuinton. Joan Clopton, widow of Sir (Wm. ?) Clopton, vowess, circa 1430, with canopy, and eight elegiac verses on marginal inscription. Altar Tomb. — Haines. Situation. — On altar tomb at east end of south aisle. Size. — 6ft. 4in. x 2ft. 6in. Description. — Her head is covered by the veil head-dress or hood. The veil is thrown over side cauls which causes the head-dress to assume somewhat the shape of the horned head- dress, and it hangs down covering the shoulders. A gorge or wimple covers her neck ; this piece of attire is drawn Monumental Brasses. ^t over the chin in plaits and strained up each side of the face, the kirtle is long and has tight sleeves with narrow fur cuffs at the wrists. The mantle is fastened by a cord which passes through two metal loops with studs in front, termed fermailes, placed on each side of the mantle ; this cord passes through a slide made of cord, and terminates below the waist in two tassels. Beneath is a tight-fitting gown not girt at the waist. On her right hand is a ring with a jewel. She is represented full face, with her hands raised in the attitude of devotion. The effigy lies under a crocketted canopy, with a circular cusped head. The tympanum is filled with a circular panel containing a sexfoil, the spandrils being filled with quatrefoils, as also the upper two spandrils of the cusps. The canopy is terminated by a foliated finial. On each side rises a panelled pinnacle surmounted by a crocketted finial. The sides of the canopy are continued down level with the feet and beneath them are shields, as also between the pinnacles and the gable of the canopy. As she was a "vowess" she is represented on a separate tomb. Her husband is commemorated by an alabaster effigy. Inscription — the margin is the following inscription : — ^ Cristc ncpos Bnne Clopton' miserere Job'e (^ue tibi sacrata ciauMtur bic viDua /llbilite Oefuncto sponso pro te ib'u tuit ista OLarga libcns miseris proDiga S. bospitibus Sic ven'abilibus tempUs sic tuDit egenis /nbitteret vt celis quas sequeretur opes pro tantis meritis sibi Dones regna beata IRec premat vrna rogi S3 beet aula Dei Vowed to a holy life when ceased her Knightly husband's breath Joan Clopton here, Anne's grandchild dear ; implores Thy grace in death O Christ !— for Thee O Jesu blest, how largely hath she shed Her bounteous gifts on poor and sick — how hath she garnished Thy stately shrines with splendour meet — how hath she sent before Her earthly wealth to Thee above, to increase her heavenly store ! For such blest fruits of faith, O grant, in Thine own joy her meed Light-lies an earthly tomb on those whom Heavenly blessings speed ! MCIIfrO % Fig. 29. " Pear" c 1430, Quinton. At the end of each line is a "pear" (29) the charge on the Besford arms, a punning allusion to "Pearsford." 32 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. At each of the four corners of the inscription round the verge are the symbols ol the four evangehsts : — St. Matthew, an angel clothed in amice and albe, at upper sinister angle ; St. Mark, a winged lion, at lower dexter anglp ; St. Luke, a winged ox, at lower sinister angle ; and St. John, an eagle, at upper dexter angle. Over her head is a scroll with the following words, taken from Psalm xl. Complacent tibi One ut eripias me 2)ne a£) aDiuuanO' me respice. Heraldry. — On the right hand at top is (i) Argent two bars gules, fretty, or, for Clopton, (30) on the left hand side at top (2) Gules, a fess argent, between six pears or, for Besford (31). At the right hand below the canopy is (i) impaling (2) (32), and on the left hand is (i) with the addition of a canton. These arms were originally filled in with composition, of which much of the " According to Burke, P'ij;. 30. Shield. c 1430. Quinton. Fig. 31. Shield. c 1430. Quinton. red has remained. one family of Clopton bore arms almost identical with those assigned to Besford, viz., Gu., a few betw. six pears, or, the only difference being the tincture of the fess," — (^Sir John Maclean, in the Traiis- aclioiis of the Bristol (tiid Gloucestershire Society, vol. vi., p. 343.) The Clopton arms appear on the brass to Thomas de Cruwe, 141 1, Wixford Church, Warwick- shire. Illustration. — Trans. Bristol and Gloncestershire Arcliceo- logical Society, vol. xiii p. 168. Portions Lost. — The monument is in excellent condition, and at the east end of the tomb is — T. Lingen, Ar. reparavit, Anno 1739. Brasses composed of several distindt portions are rarely Fig. 32. Shield. c 1430. Ouiiiton. Monumental Brasses. 33 found perfec'l: ; the inscription at the end of the tomb possibly explains wliy this niemoi'ial is so perledt. Bio'^rapliical Arcoiiiit.- — Sir Wilham ('iopton was the son of Julian by her iirst husband. Her second husband was Thos. de Crue, and the brass to both is at Wixford. 1411. The latter died without issue in 1418 and was succeeded by the family and representatives of his wife's former husband. Thomas de Crue, in his will, proved 23rd September, 1418, left his sister, Elizabeth (prioress of Chester), and William Clopton, and ^0011 his wife, executors. License was granted, 26 Henry VI., to Wm. Wolashull to found a chantry in connec'tion with the Crewe Chapel at Wixford, CO. Warwick ; the chaplain to celebrate divine offices for the souls of Thomas Crewe and Julian, his wife, William Clopton Knight, and Johaii, his wife, &c. She was second daughter and co-heir of Alexander Besford alias Pearsford of Besford co. Worcester. Sir William Clopton died 7 Hen. V. (1419), and was burietl at Quincon where is his effig}'. He left a son and heir who must have died }oung and without issue for his two daughters became co-heiresses. The elder Agnes married I St Koger Harewell of Wotton Wawen, co. Warwick, antl 2nd Thos. Herbert. The younger Joane married Sir John Burgh, Knight who died 1471, the last heir of the Princes of South Wales. She had three daughters, the youngest of whom married Sir John Lingen, Knight, who was sheriff of bierefordshire in 1470 and again in 1476. The above-mentioned "T. Lingen, Ar." a descendant of the Cloptons died in 1742. XH.— Cirencester. [Rich.] Dixton, Esq., 1438, under canopy, marginal inscription nmtilated, large. — Haines. Situation. — This brass is in Trinity Chapel, and lies with others, close to the reredos. Size. — 7ft. 6in. X 2ft. 6in. Description. — -The effigy is that of a warrior clothed in the characteristic armour of the XV century. He wears a complete panoply of plate armour. His head is protedfed by a globular bascinet, which over the forehead is ornamented by a narrow band of quatrefoils ; the top of the cuirass is 34 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. enriched by a similar ornamental edging. The clean shaven face of the knight is unprotecfted : this was by no means unusual during this period ; for the additional safety afforded by the vizor was dispensed with to obtain freedom of breathing as well as to be rid of the stifling heat and weight of the solid steel plate the vizor would entail. A gorget of plate which reaches the bascinet, protedls the neck and both sides of the face ; its lower edge is escalloped. The body is protedted by polished breast and back plates, which open with hinges at the sides ; the arms, from the shoulder to the elbow, by brassarts consisting of overlapping plates, which are seen on the right shoulder, and from the elbow to the wrist by vambraces. "The pauldron of the left shoulder is elaborately enlarged and strengthened to resist a blow, while the right shoulder is more simply and lightly armed so as to offer as little hindrance as possible to the acftion of the sword-arm." — The Knights of the Middle Ages, Rev. E. L. Cutis. The elbows are guarded by small plates, which are termed gardes-de-bras. The gauntlets are not divided into fingers but are hinged in two places to allow the fingers to be used more freely, and they have plain cuffs. To the cuirass is attached at the waist a skirt of taces which consist of a series of narrow overhanging plates, fastened to a leather lining. The taces had hinges on their left side, and were fastened by buckles on the right; here the separate plates of the skirt of taces are notched in the centre, and they are eight in number. As the arms are protedted by a system of secondary defences or reinforcing, so are the legs ; the thighs are guarded by tuiles (so called because they resemble files), which are buckled on to the skirt of taces. A little rosette covers the fastening of the two straps to each tuile and the two outer straps are fixed to the seventh tace, the two inner ones to the eighth tace. The legs are prote^ed by plate armour : under the tuiles may be seen the cuissarts which protea the thighs and beneath the knees, the jambarts— the knees are guarded by genouillieres, while extra pointed plates defend the shins. The feet are prote(5ted by sollerets of overlapping plates ; and he wears rowelled spurs. His feet are resting on a dog with head uplifted (33). Across the skirt of taces from right to left stretches diagonally a narrow sword- belt to which is attached on the left side, the scabbard Monumental Brasses. 35 Fig. 33. Dog. 1438, Cirencester. ornamented at the top. The sword is long and narrow, with a long, curved crossguard (34). On the pommel appears his coat of arms. This does not often occur. His spurs are guarded so that they might not get entangled. By some this is thought to be a sign that the wearer was a courtier. At any rate Dixton was one, as we shall see later on. Inscription. — The inscription, the lost part being supplied from Bigland runs thus : [1bic jacct IRicbarDus] Dijton Brniiger qui obijt tic Sancti Xaurencij [/Iftart^ris aimo Domini] /iRillesimo CCCC J^fviij^ Cuius anime propicietur [H)cu6 amen.] Here lies Richard Dixton, Esq., who died on the day of Saint Lawrence the Martyr, [i.e. Aug. 10] in the year of our Lord 1438. On whose soul may God have pity. Amen. The figure is erecft, with the hands folded in the attitude of prayer, while over it is a very fine canopy with an 36 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. oval cusped head, and a crocketted ogee gable, which is quite perfect, terminating in a foliated finial ; there is a soffit moulding of quatrefoils running above the cusps ; the two lower cusps are filled with trefoils. The tympanum is filled by a circular traceried panel divided into seven compart- ments, each of which is sub-divided and cusped ; in the eye of the panel is a quatrefoil. The spandrils are filled with quatrefoils and trefoils. On either side are panelled pinnacles, which are continued downwards and end level with the feet, but unfortunately all the upper portions of them are gone. Heraldry. — His arms are engraved on the pommel of the sword (34) and are Or, a pile azure, over all a chevron gules ; the same coat appears on the North wall of the [Trinity] chapel. .■■>.'' * * Fig. 34. Pommel of Sword. 1438, Cirencester. Illustrations. — Bigland vol. I., p. 341 ; Waller pt. xii ; Boutell's Moil. Br. p. 69 (placcates). Portions Lost. — The end of the sword, portion of the cross-guard, the misericorde, portions of the inscription, and two flanking pinnacles, and two shields, one on each side of the gable of the canopy. Biographical Account.— Beyond the fact that Richard Dixton was squire to the ill-starred Richard of York, (father of Edward IV,) I have found no other record, except his will (P. C. C. Lufifenam iig,) in it he desires to be buried "withyn the new chapell of the Trinite at Siscetre." He bequeaths vestments to this chapel and its priests, also to other religious bodies, " iij of my best hors to my Lord of York," " to my wyf all my stuff beying at the Fasterne." One of the executors was William Prelett of Siscetre Monumental Brasses. 37 see No. 24. His will is printed in extenso in Traits. Hris. niui Glos. Archceol. Soc. vol. xi, p. 155. xiiL-Bi'istol, St. /IDai'i^ lRet)clitt. Sir John Jnyn, recorder of Bristol, Baron of the Exchequer, Chief Justice of the King's Bench, 1439, marginal inscription and eight Latin verses, Lady chapel. — Hdiites. Position. — On a flat stone in tlie Lady chapel. Size 6ft. X 2ft. 7in. Description. — Sir John has a close cap covering his head, and he is clean shaven. Round his neck is a hood and over his shoulders a tippet edged with fur, which is to be seen under the mantle on the right shoulder. The tunic is long, reaching to the ankles, and the sleeves are full and slightly open at the wrists, showing the fur lining; bene^ith them fastened close to the wrists are seen the sleeves of an under- dress. His mantle is not so long as his tunic : it is fastened by one button on the right shoulder, and being gathered up it falls in folds over the left arm ; it is hned with fur. His shoes have pointed toes. He is represented full face with hands folded in prayer. Inscription. — Round the verge is — 1bic iacet 5obe6 3nen /iftilce Capitalis 5uDicfari' H>'iu 1Rea(5 aD pl( ta Coram ip'o cc^c tcneiiDa qui obijt iiiii^ S)(e /llbarcii Bnno Dni /l&illmo dCCCJf J5f ^ ciiC a'Ce p'picictur J)e' Hmen. Here lies John Juyn, Knight, Chief Justice of our Lord the King for Pleas held before the King himself, who died on the 23rd day of March in the year of our Lord, 1439, on whose soul may God have mercy. Amen. Beneath his feet are eight Leonine verses : — 5u0te Deus paciens SuDcj miserere Jobannis 5usu qui iu6 faciens miles fuit ci' in annis IDrbe recorDator tuit bac :t6aro Sccioqi Sumus et in JBaneo 3\\^ci capitalis vtroq3 Justiciam voluit conijam cu pietate /Ifciliciam coluit subnijam nobilitate 5u6te ibu fortis miles iam ppiciatus Bsto fores mortis sibi clauDe remitte reatus. "O Just God, patient Judge, have mercy upon John Juyn, who was in his time a soldier, but prac5^ising tiie law he became Recorder of this City, Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and Chief Justice in both benches, he tempered justice with 38 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. clemency ; maintained himself, being a soldier, in honour. Just Jesus ! brave soldier ! now be thou propitiated ; shut the doors of death upon liim, pardon his sins." Between each word of the legend round the verge the same ornament is 'If " I "" ' —MBLJ . J repeated (35). Fig. 35. "Break." tt ij d i fT 1439, Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. H eralclfy . - Benediih are two shields, the sinister being, Or, a fess azure between three unicorn's heads coupled argent, within a bordure of the same, quartered with ... a lion rampant (36a) . . . The dexter being ... a lion rampant . . . impaling . . . (36b) Pryce. Fig. 36a. Shield. 1439, Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Fig. 36b. Shield. 1439, Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Illustrations. — Anastatic Society, i860. Portions Lost. — None. Biographical Account. — Pryce, -p- 183, says "beyond what is stated in the inscription little is known of him." but more is known of him now than was in Pryce's time. Rev. T. P Wadley, M.A., suggests that his name may have been Inyn, and adds, " There were anciently Bristol people of the name of Innyn or Inhyjne. A Philip Giiyn was among the burgesses of Bristol in 1430. Again, the episcopal registers at Worcester record that William Inyne, Canon of Cirencester, was ordained a religious acolyte and sub-deacon in the year 1407, December 17th, possibly his name was Juyne.'' From Judges of England by Foss the following is taken : — - John Juyn is so called in the Rolls of Parliament, and the Acts of the Privy Council, but sometimes spelt Joyn, and on his monument Juyn and so in Bishop Bubwith's will of Monumental Brasses. 39 which he was one of the executors, which seems most probably correcft, as liis mansion is now called " Inne Court." He was one of 1 Somersetshire family, his country seat being at Bishopsworthy (now called Bishport) in that county. He first appears in the Year Book of H Hen. IV; after which his name is of frequent occurence. He held the office of Recorder of Bristol, and about eight months after the accession of Henry VI, he was appointed, on 5th May, 1423, to the double office of Chief Baron of the Exchequer, and Judge of the Common Pleas, {Acts Privy Council Hi. 71. ) He was knighted in 4 Hen. VI ; and on gth Fel)., 1436, he was made Chief Justice of the latter court. About three years later he became chief justice of the King's Bench and presided there to his death, on 24th March, 1439-40. He was buried in St. Mary's Chapel, Redcliffe Church, Bristol By his wife Alice he left a son. XIV.— Cirencester. Robert Page, wool merchant, 1440 (?) and wife Margaret, with six sons and eight daughters ; canopy ; marginal inscription in six Latin verses (stating he repaired churches and roads) lost. The date is given from Wood's M.S. (D. ir. No. 8,517, fol. 29) at the Ashmolean Library. — Haines. Position. — On a flat stone in the Trinity Chapel. Size. — 7ft. X 2ft. loin. Description. — "There is a very fine brass, with double canopies, representing a merchant and his wife, with fourteen children at their feet. There is no name, as the whole of the inscription is lost ; but the style of the execution of the brass would place the date about the latter half of the XV century (temp. Edw. IV. or Rich. HI). The male figure is depicfted wearing a loose gown, with large sleeves, gathered in tighter at the wrist ; the collar is standing up round the neck, and there is a girdle round the waist ; the female figure is draped much in the same style. At the foot of the male figure, and above the canopy are escutcheons charged with a merchant's mark, and a letter " R " in old English. This is probably one Robert Pagge and his wife, w^ho are stated in the History of Cirencester as being commemorated by a fine brass in the church. A scroll issues from the mouth with these words 40 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. ^ That to the Triiiite for us,' the rest is lost, but the words most probably were '■pray, singe or read,'' as examples are to be found in other parts of the kingdom." — Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A. The figures are under a double canopy with circular cusped heads, and crocketted ogee gables terminated by a foliated finial characfteristic of the period. The tympana are filled in with circular panels, Avithin which are sexfoils ; the spandrils being filled in with trefoils as also the spandrils of the cusps. On either side and between the canopies are panelled pinnacles terminated with crocketted finials ; the outer pinnacles are con- tinued down on either side forming a border, but the centre one is terminated by a moulded and foliated pendant. The feet of Robert Page rest upon a woolsack. Beneath the husband are six sons, and beneath the wife eight daughters. The sons are dressed like their father, and the daughters have long dresses with sleeves like their mother's, but lower at the neck. Their hair is confined by caps with side cauls covering the ears. Unfortunately the heads of the first three daughters have vanished, but Mr. Blake of Stroud has very kindly lent a rubbing taken before they disappeared, and on that is shown that all eight daughters wore similar caps. Scroll work separates each child. All are represented standing with hands folded in the attitude of prayer. His merchant's mark con- sists of a cross with streamers standing on a lozenge charged with the letter "R" in old english. Inseriptioii. — " Bigland has preserved the inscription of this and other memorials, stating in a note that he ' has given them as before the mutilation from a manuscript of Thomas Carles, M.A., vicar, dated Dec. 8, 1673, obligingly communi- cated by the Rev. Mr. Kilner.' 1[3ic (acct 1RobertU0 ipaggc cum /Iftarcjaieta 6ibi sponsa pvole fccunOa. IDtcinis inatus fucrat mcicator amatus Ipaciftcus, iilcnis maiiibus 3ubvcntor cqeniB JEcclcsiieque vxxq oniator, ct bis vcpaiator, /iRiir C quatcr f quatcr anno, scJ? Bprilis ©ctava luce mortem p' transit ipse, deli solamen H)cus, illi conferat. Bmeii. "He states that on a Pilaster between him and his wife is engraven the usual diagram of the Trinity, and on a label ' That to the Trinite for us pray, siii^e or read.' Pagge's label it would seem was already lost." O 5 era *-♦ ■ 42 Gloucestershire Nu/cs and Queries. The inscription may thus be rendered into English : — Of good report, beloved of all, this peaceful man of trade. With liberal soul his plenteous dole to needy brethren made. The beauty of God's house he sought, our ways he well sustained, In fourteen-hundred-fortieth year, when showery April rained, On the eighth morn death's gate he passed : — O ruler of the skies, On him Thy heavenly grace bestow, and grant the eternal prize. Illiistratio 'is. — None known. Portions Lost. — The inscription, the label over the husband's head, the iinials of the pinnacles, a portion of the side, the heads of the first three daughters. Biograpli'ual Account. — The inscription states that he repaired churches and roads. His will is in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 27 Luffenham. XV.— Civeiicester. Reginald Spycer, merchant, 1442, and his wives, Margaret, Juliana, Margaret, Joan. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Trinity Chapel. Size. — 2ft. 5in. x ift. loin., not including the merchant's mark. Description. — " The date of the brass to Reginald Spycer and his four wives is 1442 (20 Henry IV.) The male figure in the centre is clothed in a close-fitting gown, reaching nearly to the ankles, girded at the waist ; the sleeves are somewhat full, but fit tolerably close at the wrist ; the collar is an upright one ; the gown is buttoned from the neck to the breast ; beneath appears the collar of the under-tunic. Of the wives, the tAVO on the husband's left hand wear that peculiar shape of the horned head-dress, which may be distinguished as the ' heart- shaped,' the folds of the head-dress descend in front of the" figures on to the breast ; the kirtles are long and flowing over the feet, the sleeves shaped like their husband's ; the collar is opened so as to fall back, and no buttons are visible ; the kirtle is confined round the waist by a girdle. The two wives on the husband's right hand wear the coverchef, falling in folds in front on the breast ; and the wife on the extreme right has the hair in a sort of caul, or close cap ; both of these dresses are of Fig. 42. Reginald Spycer and four wives, 1442, Cirer.ceater. 44 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. older date than the heart-shaped, and thus on the same brass we have examples of the styles in which ladies dressed their hair from the latter part of the 14th to the middle of the 15th century. The kirtles of both the earlier wives are flowing like the others, but the sleeves are quite of a different pattern, being cut straight and are not so full. There are buttons from the neck to the breast ; both also wear girdles." (42) — Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A.. They are all erecft with hands in the attitude of prayer, the husband having two wives on each side of him. Beneath the figures is an escutcheon charged with a merchant's mark (43) between the letters 1R and S. The merchant's mark may be described as a cross with two streamers and a semicircle on the stem opposite to the streamers. The cross passes through a globe and the Merchantt\ark, foot of the stem has a long horizontal line 1442 Cirencester, cutting it. Inscription. — The inscription at the foot is as follows. — Ibic (acent IReginalOus Spacer quoiiDam m'cator Isti' ville qui obijt ii" Die Julij anno 5'n( mill' mo CCCC" jlir ct /nbar^iarcta Juliana /nbargareta ac 5ob'na vjores ei' quor' a'i'abus p'picetur &'6. Bmen. The inscription in English reads thus : — " Here lie Reginald Spycer, formerly a merchant of this town, who died on the 9th of July, A.D. 1442, and Margaret, Juliana, Margaret, and Joan, his wives on whose souls may God have mercy. Amen." Illustrations. — Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucester- shire ArchcBological Society for 1877-8, p. 154. Portions Lost. — None. Biographical Account — Nothing is known of Reginald Spicer, but the will of a Joan Spicer, of Cirencester, probably his widow, was proved 1444. P.CC. Luftenham. xvi.-iRewlant). A man in armour, legs gone, and wife circa 1445, with cuiious crest, marginal inscription nearly all lost. South Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Chapel of SS. Nicholas and John. Monumental Brasses. 45 Size. — This brass originally was 7ft. loin. x 3ft., but all that remains is 3ft. gin. x 2ft 2in. Descriptisn — The husband is represented wholly in plate armour. His hair is cropped close but the beard is full. His head rests on a helmet of which the visor is raised. (44) The Fig. 4|. Head and Helmet, c 1445. Newland. body is protecfted by a cuirass, the shoulders are defended by epaulieres. " The left or bridle arm is more fully protecfted than the right, by large plates placed outside the elbow, and in front of the armpit ; they were secured by small spikes or spring-pins fitted into staples affixed to the armour under- neath, the loops of which passed through holes in the centre of the plates. The right, or sword arm, which was required for acftion, has slighter defences ; thus a small and peculiar-shaped plate called a moton, protedls the armpit, and the elbow-piece is much smaller." — Haines, p. cxci. The gauntlets have long pointed cuffs and have no gadlings. To the cuirass is attached a skirt of seven taces ; to this skirt are buckled two pointed tuiles which hang over and protect the thighs. Across the skirt is stretched a sword-belt obliquely from right to left, to this belt is fastened a sword, and on the right side the pommel of the misericorde is seen. The thighs are covered by cuisses ; the rest of the figure has disappeared. The wife wears the fashionable horned head-dress of the period. The embroidered band of the crespine closely fits the 46 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. '^3iie ^2 ; and in it she is repre- sented as wearing the veil head-dress. Both her husbands wear tunics or gowns which reach half way down the leg, and are fringed with fur ; the lower part of each is slit up in front to allow greater freedom in walking ; the collar of each is buttoned up close to the chin ; the sleeves are moderately full, but close at the wrists, where they are turned back and reveal the fur lining ; the sleeves of an under- dress are shown beneath. The tunic is girt round the waist by a narrow belt, which is plain on William Scors, but two studs or ornaments appear on Thomas Fortey's girdle. The hair of William Scors is cropped close, and he is clean shaven. The shoes are distindl; from the hose ; they have pointed toes and are fastened by buckles. Under Thomas Fortey is what Lysons calls a woolpack, but it is now so worn as to render it difficult to say what it represented ; under William Scors is a pair of shears (47). The Monumental Brasses. 49 woolpack " was the " pair of shears" that is recorded as being a tailor. In Seend Church, Wilts, a "pair of scissors " is exhibited on the one side of the west window of the north aisle, and a " pair of shears " on the other side; and Mr, Kite, in his Monu- mental BrAsses of Wiltshire, says that they are " in allusion to the sign of the wool merchant, and the of a clothier, but in the inscription Scors ■'%•§(*«« occupation of the Fig. 47. Feet of William Scors. 1447. Northleach. founder who was doubtless a clothier." Perhaps it may be well to note that on the west wall of the tower of Cranham Church, a parish which touches Painswick on the north-east, there is carved the representation of a " pair of scissors " or " shears." It would be interesting to know whether the whole, or any part, was built by a "clothier." The figures are ere(5l with hands folded in the attitude of prayer; they are under an elaborate and enriched canopy, which has been much mutilated. Agnes is standing between her two husbands, having Thomas Fortey on her right hand, and WiUiam Scors on her left hand. Inscription. — Beneath the figures there is a two-line inscrip- tion, which with the help of Lysons, from whom is taken the portions enclosed in brackets, reads thus : — Ibic jacct ZhoxWe fforteti molma, Mill's Scots G:av>lour & Bgnes vj' eoruDe q' quiC)c Zb (om's obiit) | p'mo Me Dcccb a° &'n'i /Ift^CCCC 47* Traurs ot»i(t 5ie a" D'nl ^^^CCCCff '' agues obiit Die / B^ (D'ni /IRCCC ). This may be thus rendered into English : — " Here lie Thomas Fortey, Woolman, William Scors, Tailor, and Agnes their wife, which Thomas indeed died on * These figures (47) are very quaintly formed ; this date has, therefore puzzled antiquaries. Lysons reads it as 84 ; Bigland gives it as being XX J 50 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. day day ^miik the first day of December, A.D. 1447, William died of A.D. 1420, Agnes died of A.D. 14 . ." The date 1447 is shown in facsimile in the annexed engraving Fig. 49- Beneath were two groups of children, with scrolls above them. The group of Thomas Fortey's children has disappeared, but the scroll remains with these words—'* jprap tOX pC cbUbren ot Ubomas iForte^," The other group consists of two sons and four daughters, and over them is a scroll inscribed with 'XlbCl^BC bC ^e cbllbcn ot XKHillia Scors, v\. Round the verge is this inscription, the spaces between each word being filled with various ornaments : — >^ Sub (rose) pebe (rose) mOttC (rose) jacenS (rose) UbomaS (rose) ffOrtC^ (rose .... scroll) | (quad- ruped) Bt (cock) sua (leaf) gpOHSa (boar) placenS (hedgehog) BGIICS (cinquefoil) Sibi (fleur-de-lis) COItBOClatlir (rose and scroll work) [/Ibercator Monus iustus uerajq; benianus] (two dogs fighting) IRoSCitUr (cinquefoil) \\\ (crab) SignlS (blank) nOll (two fleurs- de-iis) [oauDens 5pe malionls] I Ecc'Ilarum (castle) Sliar; (dragon) ViarUm (fabulous monster) fit (?) IRcparator ( . • • ) I while Rudder has XA. thus avoiding the difficulty by giving a very poor illus- tration of the first numeral. The inscription round the verge records 47. In Journal of the A rchctological Association, 1846-7, Vol. II, pp. 146— 163, and 283 are devoted to the antiquity of dates expressed in Arabic Numerals. From this we learn that the so-called Arabic numerals have not been found in inscriptions, iu this country, before the fifteenth century. The earliest authentic date yet discovered in England appears on a stone in the interior of the tower of Heath- field Church, Sussex, and carries us no further back than the year 1445, so that probably this date on the brass in Northleach Church is the earliest to be found in Gloucestershire, and is only two years later than that of Heathfield. Monumental Brasses. 51 Crfste (goose) Suarum (leaf) sts (branches) mtscrator (rose and scroll work) .... [ifflMUc] (an acorn between two oak-leaves) (JUatCC (slug) X (fighting cock) SCptCm (snail) monunientU (eagle displayed and scroll-work) [prilUO bat' jflamcn Decent 3be buc beat . . . ] (48) The words in square brackets are supplied from Rudder. At the corners were the symbols of the four evangelists, of which St. Matthew only remains at the upper sinister angle. Illustrations. — In Ly sons' Gloucestershire Antiquities, plate 42 is devoted to this brass. It is represented much more perfect than it is at present, but even then it was mutilated. Portions Lost. — Part of the right sleeve of Agnes, part of the right hand skirt of Fortey, part of the right and left hand skirt of Scors. The end of both lines of the inscription beneath Scors. The heads of both Fortey and his wife. All the children of Thomas Fortey. The whole of the right side and two portions of the left hand side of the canopy, a portion of the middle pinnacles, several portions of the legend round the verge, and three of the emblems at the corners. On rubbing the brasses in 1894, ^^ least one portion was found to have disappeared since making a rubbing in 1883. Biographical Account. — " Mr. Fortey, a wealthy clothier of this town, and his wife are both interred in this church, in the Abbey before the pulpit, upon whose gravestones are inchased their effigies in large plates of brass. The inscriptions on the brass are not perfecft." — Abel Wantner's Collections. In the marginal inscription unfortunately so imperfecft he is described as having restored churches and roads. XVIII.— Cbippina CampDen. William Welley, merchant, 1450, and wife Alice, chancel, now within altar rails. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the chancel. Size. — 2ft. X ift. loin., the slab measures 7ft. loin. x 4ft 4in Description. — The dress of William Scors, in the last description (vide No. xvii. of this series) resembles that worn by William Welley. At the wrist are seen the sleeves of the under-dress, these sleeves are deeper than those of William Scors. The tunic is kept in place by a narrow belt round the waist. His hose and 52 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. shoes are all in one piece, and it may be noticed that they are made right and left. His feet rest on ground from which grass is springing — emblem that " all flesh is grass.'" Alice Welley wears the veil head-dress which consisted of a kerchief thrown over the head, conceahng the ears and falling in folds on the shoulders and back. She has a long flowing gown, with deep full sleeves, in that respedl resembling her husband's, and like his they are narrow at the wrist, where the end of the sleeve is turned back, and shows the fur lining. It does not fit the neck closely, but the top is turned down so as to form a Httle collar. The gown is girt high by a narrow girdle. They are both eredt with hands folded in the attitude of prayer, the wife being on the husband's right hand, and distant from him ii inches. Inscription— They stand on a brass plate, which bears the following inscription : — Ibic iacet TimiU'ms Mclleg qo'Da m'catoc isti' IDillc qui obijt f \t)° Die Bprilis B'^ O'lfi CCCColL°, et Blicia vjor eius quoi aiab3 ppiciet' DC Bme. Which may thus be translated into English : — " Here lies William Welley, formerly a merchant of this town, who died on the 15th day of April, A.D. 1450, and Alice his wife, on whose souls may God have mercy. Amen." Illustrations. — None known. Portions Lost. — Beneath the figures are the matrices of two shields. Memnir — The inscription records that he was a merchant, of Campden. The pedigree of the family of Weoley or W^elley is in the Visitation of Gloucestershire. XIX.— xecblabe. A wool merchant and wife circa 1450, about six childien, and inscription lost. Perliaps the brass of John Townsend, wolman, 1458. See Harl. MSS., No. 6,072, fol. 114. Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Nave (March, 1882). Size. — 3ft. ain. x 2ft. 5in. Description. — The hair is close cropped and brushed back from the temples in a similar fashion to the reeve described by Chaucer in his Canterbury Tales : — "His heer was by his eres rounde i-shorn." Monumental Brasses. 53 His dress is like to that worn by the Campden merchant last described, viz., a long tunic reaching half way down the legs, open a little up the front, with the lappets turned back so as to show the fur lining. The sleeves are full, with narrow cuffs. Round the neck the top is turned over to form a collar. On this brass the opening of the upper portion of the tunic is clearly shown, it reaches a little below the belt, which is plain. The lower edge of the tunic is not fringed with fur. The shoes and hose are formed of one piece, and his feet rest upon a woolsack. (50) mmmmmnmmitmmmmn Fig. 50. Feet. c. 1450. Lechdale. "Mr. Gough says, the figures of shoes, as worn 37 Hen. VI., may be seen in Leachlade church ; and that the figures as naturally show that the persons were woolmen as if there there had been inscriptions." f — Fosbrookis Gloucestershire, vol. ii., p. 458. The wife wears a modified form of the ''horned" head- dress, called the "heart-shaped" headdress. The side cauls are unadorned and of moderate size, with their outer edges t Introd. Sepulch. Monum., v. i., pp. cxxvi.-vii. 54 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. elevated a little above the forehead and covering the ears, and over this is thrown a kerchief or veil, which covers the forehead and hangs down on the back and shoulders. She wears a long gown which completely covers the kirtle except at the wrists ; it is girt under the breasts by a plain narrow girdle, and has very deep sleeves, close and edged with fur at the wrists ; at the neck it is turned down so as to form a collar. The gown hides her feet. Inscription. — The following extract fiom the Harleian Manuscripts in the British Museum is referred to by Mr. Haines : — "5n XacblaiDe Cburcb in com' (Bloccster. ©rate pro bono statu 5obi6 C^owensenJ) mercatorfs et wollnian' istius ville qui obijt, 19 Buguet, H5S." IRo. 6,072, fob U4. Heraldry. — By the side of the above extract is tricked the following coat of arms: — Sable, three woolpacks. Argent. Illustration. — Bigland, vol. ii., p. 141. Portions Lost. — The marginal inscription, some six cliildren, and four shields, one over head and one under foot of husband and wife respectively.. Biographical Account.- — "There is," says Atkyns, "a monument in the church (Lechlade) in memory of John Townsend, merchant and woolman. of this place, who died 1458, and had been a good benefactor to the church and poor." — History of Gloucestershire, p. 280. The will of John Townsend is in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 24 and 25 Stokton. xx.-iRortbleacb, (John Fortey) ' wolman,' 1458, marginal inscription mutilated with six merchants' marks (one in private possession) large, Nave. — Haines. Position. — On a flat stone in the Nave. Size. — 8ft. loin. x 4ft. lin. Description. — His hair is closely cut, and brushed back from the temples, and he is clean shaven. He wears the long tunic then commonly worn, extending halfway down the legs but without any fringe of fur. The lower portion of the tunic is open for a short distance up the front, and the lappets are turned back revealing the fur lining. The tunic is fastened at Monumeyital Brasses. 55 the top, and two of the buttons are seen above the hands, the part round the neck is turned down to form a collar, and shows the fur lining. The sleeves are large and full, they reach nearly to the hips, but are narrow at the wrists, where they terminate in small fur cuffs. Portions of the underdress appear at the wrists and neck. The waist is girt by a strap, which passes through a large round buckle from which the unused portion of the girdle depends in front, and is terminated by a pendant on which was probably engraven his initial, in this portion of the belt are three holes so that the strap might be loosened at the wearer's pleasure. His shoes and hose are not distmct, and they have long pointed toes. His right foot rests.on the back of a sheep, and the other on a wool-pack. (31) The figure is erect, with hands clasped in prayer. Fig 51, Feet 1458, Northleach 56 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. John Fortey is represented under a trefoil arched canopy, the outer foils being smaller than the central one ; all of them are moulded and cusped. Above is an ogee crocketted gable terminated by a moulded and foliated finial. The tympanum is filled by a circular panel (52) containing a rose Fig. 52. Detail and Canopy. 1458. Northleach. with four petals and four barbs, the spandrils being filled with tiefoils, as also the spandrils of the cusps. The quatrefoil soffit moulding of the arches is continued down the sides. There are four pinnacles, two rise above the intersections of the trefoil arch, and have plain shafts, and the remaining two spring from the side shafts, forming the sides of the canopy, and are panelled. The side shafts are buttressed and have moulded offsets and bases. At each corner of the slab, and in the middle of the inscription on the two longer sides were his marks. f~ T^^'S!^* (53) This consisted of a cross j^ Jn^^» Km. standing on a woolpack ; from the f %M T ^Z^ upper part of the stem a streamer ^^1^^4 * KMJ^ is flying, whilst the lower part is ornamented : the initials of John Fortey, 3". J^^ ^''s placed on either side. These are surrounded by a Fig. 53. Merchant's Mark. small wreath formed of two ivy 1458. Northleach. Monumental Brasses. 57 stems artistically intertwined, in the interstices of which alternately are placed an ivy leaf and a bunch of ivy berries seven times repeated. Inscription. — Under the feet are the following Leonine verses : — IRcspicc quiD protest presentis temporis evum ©mne quoO est nlcbll eat preter amarc Deum. Think what the things of present life have brought to thee in store. Yet all is nought till thou hast sought thy Maker to adore. " According to Weever, Funeral Monuments, p. 748, a similar inscription was to be found at Long Melford, Suffolk." — Haines, i. p. xciv. " The inscription at Northleach was at the Mercer's Chapel at London, on the tomb of John Riche, 1469, see Weever, Fun. Mon. p. 401." Do. ii., P- 259- Round the verge was an inscription which cannot now be given in its entirety, the portion in brackets, taken from Lysons, supplies some thirteen words : — [ . . . . prayeth God his soule to socoure, and after his disese the rofe made . . , . ] wbertor 0oJ> revvarDe bim ae be is all witt^ : Bs be beguatbe bim bis soule in tbe gere of orace jiiij bouuDred winter aiiD viij anJ) fiftg : 5n tbe celestiall Illustrations. — Lysons' Gloucestershire Antiquities pi. 41. Cutts (E.L.) Scenes and Characters of the Middle Ages, p. 523 (effigy only) p. 526, (merchants' mark.) Portions Lost. — The greater part of the marginal inscription, the finial of the gable, and portions of the flanking pinnacles. Some years ago a hole was clumsily knocked through the figure, near the right wrist, in order to fix a stove. ! Biographical Account. — "The roof of the nave was considerably raised at the expense of John Fortey, a wealthy clothier of this town [Northleach], who died in 1458, and was buried in the middle aile." — Rudder, p. 580. "John Fortey, a clothier, built the body of the church." — Atkyns, p. 305. His will was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 1458, 24 and 25 Stokton. 5S Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. XXI.— uemple Cburcb, Bristol. A priest in cope, on reverse a lady in mantle both engraved circa 1460, relaid. — Haines. Position. — On the chancel floor. Tne Rev. Chas. R. Manning, in his ^'^ List of Monumental Brasses,"" London, 1848, says of this brass, " A priest in cope, on the reverse a female (loose in the Vicarage kitchen) ! " Size. — 27in. x Sin. Description. — This brass is remarkable for being palimpsest, i.e., there is an engraving on the reverse side of the plate. Mr. Haines chronicles that in this case the brass is cut out of a larger one which had been engraved with the representation of a lady in a mantle. (54) Very probably as the dates of the two engravings are nearly identical the reverse side may have been inaccurately engraved or for some other reason never laid down. The priest is represented with hair long enough to cover his ears, but the tonsure is clearly shown. He is dressed in processional vestments, which are a surplice, under which the cassock is visible, the almuce and cope. The cassock covers the feet, and has close sleeves ; it formed the ordinary dress of the clergy. The surplice comes just below the knees, with very deep sleeves. (55) The figure is erect, and the hands are placed in a devotional attitude. When this brass was rubbed in April, 1882, it was fixed to a slab in the chancel floor, and consequently it was impossible to see the reverse side or to take a rubbing thereof. By the kindness of the late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett, F.S A., who gave me a rubbing of this brass befoie it was fixed, an illus- tration of the reverse side is given. (54) Illustration. — In Pryce's " Notes" is a sketch on p. 118 fig. 8. Portions Lost. — The inscription. This brass is now so carefully scoured and brightened that in a few years the finer lines must inevitably disappear. Biographical Account. — It is not known what persons the brass on either side commemorates. XXII.— St. Peter's' Jfiristol. Robert Lond, chaplain 1461, with chahce and host, Chancel. — Haines, Fig, 54 Lady c. 1460, Temple Church, Bristol. Fig 55, Priest c. 1460, Temple Church, Bristol 6o Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Position. — On the floor at the east end of the south aisle, formerly the chantry of the Blessed Mary of Belhouse. Si^e. — 2ft, 5in. x ift. 6in. Description — He is represented as wearing the eucharistic vestments, which are the amice, albe, maniple, stole, and chasuble ; they were put on in the above order when the priest robes, and a short prayer was said as each vestment was assumed. He is holding a chalice in his hands. The chalice in use in Robert Lond's days was a lighter and more elegant one than is generally seen at the present day, though copies of the old chalices are becoming more common. Placed erect over the chalice stands the host, or consecrated wafer : so that here is represented both the elements of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. At the wrist are seen the tight-fitting cuffs of an under dress. His feet are shod with shoes having pointed toes. He is represented full-face, holding the chalice and host on his breast. Inscription. — Beneath his feet is this inscription : Ibtc iacct /nbagist' IRob'tus XonD Capellanus qui 1 objit ji'iijo Me ffebruarij Himo D'ni /Iliiirmo | CCCC" lij "cuius auime propicietur ^eus. Bmen. which may thus 1 e translated — " Here lies Master Robert Lond, chaplain, who died on the 23rd day of February, A.D., 1461, on whose soul may God have mercy. Amen." Illustration. — Pryces Bristol, p. 203, fig. 24. Bristol and Gloucestershire Society Transactions vol. xv., pi. xii. p. 163. Portions Lost. — None. Biographical Account. — His name occurs in the Church- warden's Accounts for St. Ewen's, Bristol (1455-6) among the donors to the "Weel of the aforseid cros of Syluer and ouer Gylt." "Item of Mr. Robert Lond iiijd." xxHL— iRoDmarton. John Edward, lord and patron of the manor, lawyer, 1461. Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On the south wall of the chancel. Size. — 2ft. Sin. x ift. io|in. Description. — This is probably the only instance in Gloucestershire where a civilian is represented on a brass wearing a cap. Mr. Haines notices this peculiarity by saying Monumental Brasses. 6i "John Edward, 1461, Rodmarton, Gloucestershire, /Vi/;zo5?<5 appre)itir.ius in lege peritiis wears simply a round cap in addition to his ordinary habit." — Manual of Monumental Brasses I. xc. Mr. Gough reports that ' the cap resembles that of the sizars at Cambridge, or the blue-coat boys of Christ's Hospital, London." Sepulchral Monuments II. p. 196, and Fosbrooke (Gloucestershire I. 384) says that this " sepulchral effigy is noted by Mr. Gough to have a cap like that of the President au Mortier (Introd. Sep Ichral Mon. i. p. clxiv)." In the church of Norton St. Philip, Somersetshire, is a stone effigy surmounted by a similar cap. This cap seems to be made of some soft material such as velvet, with a band round the lower edge. Probably it was the cap or coif worn by serjeants-at-law. (56) No hair is visible and he is clean shaven. The gown is very similar to the gowns de- scribed in Nos. xvii to xx, of this series. It reaches nearly to the ankles, and is slit up in front for a short distance, thus showing the fur lining. The fur edging is seen round the skirt, at the neck and wrists. The sleeves are moderate- ly full and of uniform breadth Mr. Gough terms it "a serjeant-at- laws' gown." (II p. ig6.) The girdle is plain and shows no fastening, and is lower than on the other brasses before described (Nos. xvii to xx). Beneath is seen "the little standing cape of the coat" (Gous^h), and the Fig 56. Head, 1461. Rodmarton.' sleeves of the same at the wrist. No distinction is shown between the shoes and hose, and the toes are pointed : the feet are represented on a grassy sod. The figure is full face, and erecft with hands raised in prayer. Inscription.— Benediih. the feet is the following inscription :- Ibic iacet5ob'C0 lE&war&qu'&'miD'n's/lRancnj De TRoDmarton I & vecus patronus eiusDem ttamosus apprcntici" in lege p'itus qui I obijt vixr t)ie ^anuarij a° O'n'i /llb°CCC(I° ljj° cui' a'ie p'picietur DC ame. 62 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. which may be thus translated : — " Here lies John Edward, formerly lord of the manor of Rodmarton, and a true patron of the same, a famous apprentice skilled in law, who died on Jan. 8. A.D., 1441 : on whose soul may God have pity. Amen ! " Illustrations. — Grose^s Antiquities of England and Wales, vol. i., pi. viii, fig. 2. Gough, vol. II., pi. Ixxv., p. 305; Lvsons' Gloucestershire Antiquities, pi. 11. Portions Lost. — This brass is in very good condition, a small portion of the cap (the right-hand corner) only being lost. Biographical Account. — " William Fitzwarren, a family seated at Woodmancote, in Dursley, of whom very little is known in the county notices, passed the manor and advowson (of Rodmarton) by fine 19 Henry VI. to Sir Ralph Boteler and jfohn Edwards, and his heirs, which John dying seized in 1461 of this manor and Torleton, left Margaret only daughter and heir, wife of Thomas Whittington, by whom she had only another daughter and heir, wife of William Wye, who left a memorial of his possessions by placing his arms in the North Isle." — Fosbrooke's Gloucestershire, i,, 384. In Bigland's Continuation, s. v. Rodmarton, may be read : " 1446 John Edward presented to the Rectory ; and 1468, he died Lord of the Manor." This brass was originally on a ledger stone of grey marble in the chancel, and Rudder records that on the same stone was another brass plate with the following inscription : — "Ibic jacet Stcpbanus Collier, a./lft., miper bujus Bcclcsioe IRector. Obtit J)ecimo Me mensis Bugusti Btmo H)omin( 1772, annogue cetatis suoe 79." In English thus, " Here Hes Stephen Collier, M.A. late Recftor of this Church. He died on the loth of August, A.D. 1722, and in the 79th year of his age." XXIV.— Cirencestet:, Wm. Prelatte, Esq., a very special benefadtor to the chapel of Holy Trinity, and two wives Agues, and Joan. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Trinity Chapel. Size. — 3ft. 5in. X 3ft. 2in. Description. — " Close to Robert Pagge's monument is the valuable brass of William Prelatte, and his two wives : dated 1462 (2 Ed. IV.), and the costume may well be compared with Monumental Brasses. 63 that of Richard Dixton, [vide No. xii] which is only a quarter of a century earlier. The variations in the dress will fully repay careful study." Prelatte wears a helmet of the kind termed salndes (Germ. ScJiale, a ' shell ' or ' bowl') ; the salade was originally a close-fitting helmet which protec5ted the sides of the face and the back of the head ; in this instance it is cupola-shaped. The visor is raised, and the face is destitute of beard or moustache. His neck is protecfted by a haussecol of mail, and his armpits also by gussets of mail, — the one at the right armpit is very clearly shown ; from this we learn that the use of mail armour which had been discontinued for a time again came into fashion. On his breast immediately above his finger he wears a " sun " which the Rev. W. E. Hadow says is " the emblem of the House of York." The system of reinforcing or strengthening the armour by secondary plates is well shown on this brass. The shoulders are protec5ted by pauldrons, the left one being crested and larger than the right one. The elbow-pieces or coudieres are fanshaped and beginning to take the extrava- gant size which afterwards was so much in vogue. The mode of fastening the coudiere of the right arm is distinctly visible : (57) a staple from the under armour comes through the coudiere and by means of a spring- pin, which is thrust through the staple, this extra defence was fixed. The skirt of five taces is plain and to the last tace are fastened two tuiles, which are large, scalloped and five-pointed, and between which a baguette of mail is seen. Gauntlets, very much resembling a tortoise-shell cover the back of the hands, the fingers are bare. The genouillieres are large with plates behind them the legs are protecfted by the usual plate armour, The sollerets are laminated throughout and the rowelled spurs have no strap beneath the feet : the spurs are " guarded by a thin plate of steel over the rowells to prevent their entangling or penetrating deep." — Haines, i. chxxviii. The sword has a circular pommel with a fringe and an adorned hilt ; the sword hangs diagonally in front of him suspended from a belt of which Fig. 58. Defence of Arm.f 1462. Cirencester. 64 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries* the ornamental buckle is shown. On his right side is fastened a misericorde. He stands on a ground on which, between his feet is a plant bearing three conventional flowers. The husband is placed between his two wives and all three have their hands placed in the attitude of prayer. The two wives wear the horned head-dress — a peculiar costume long in high favour with the ladies, in spite of the severe censures launched against it both by the clergy and the laymen — the hair being visible beneath. They are clad in long kirtles, with high waists, the sleeves and collars, which open and lie back leaving the neck bare, are guarded with fur. One wife wears a ribbon with a sun like her husband ; the second one wears a cross in lieu of the sun. At the feet of each wife lies a little dog with a collar of bells. Inscription. — The inscription is thus worded : — 1F3lc sepcliuntur TMillius iprelatte Brjniger specialissim* benefactor bui' Capcllc Bcjnes nup' ujor 5obanni0 iTftartgn et Jobana | filta ct berce IRicauM C>e Cobi?nC»on [IRelictJ a ^obann is Q;vvBiisbo &e Casfor&e in comitatu Som's Brmigeri u jorcs ipius | ■anilliqui quiOe Millius iprelatte obi [tin] vigilia Bsccncionis D'nice i-jx>j° 5ie mai j Bnno D'ni yHb" CCCC^ Mi J" Quor' p'piciet' De' %■ The inscription in English reads thus : — "Here are buried William Prelatte, Esquire, a most special benefadtor of this chapel, Agnes late the wife of John Marty n, and Joan, daughter and heiress of Richard de Cobyndon and the widow of John Twynho of Cayforde in the county of Somerset, Esq, wives of the above William ; which William died on the eve of the Ascension of our Lord, the 26 May, A.D. 1462, on whom may God have mercy. — Amen." Heraldry. — In the extract from Lysons' are given his arms : but in the west window of the nave occurs a shield : — Argent, an escallop gules, impaled with azure, a chevron gules, diffierenced with a crescent, for Prelatte and his second wife Joan the heiress of William Cobyndon. Illustration : — " The Brass of William Prelatte and his two wives engraved isin Lysons' Gloucestei shire Antiquities, pi. 16. where the inscription is not correcftly given, either in the letter- press or on the engraving ; in both aibns is inserted, which word is omitted in the inscription — simply because there was not room for it and in the former, after heres is ommitted Ricardi de Cobyndon relicta. The arms of their two husbands Prelatte and Twynyhow, are in the spandrels of the east window of Bagendon Church." — Rev, W. E. Hadow. Monumental Brasses. 65 Portions Lost. — Five shields, one over each figure and two below the inscription. Biographical Account. — The inscription relates that he was a very special benefaeftor to the Chapel of Holy Trinity. " A part of Wm. Prelatte's benefacftion to this chapel appears to have been a painting representing the martyrdom of St. Erasmus, discovered a few years ago on the north wall, since his arms — argent, a chevron gules, charged with a crescent, are represented under it. * This William Prelatte appears to have been in the service of Richard Duke of York, the father of King Edward IV., by a letter from him preserved among the MSS. Fig. 59. Feet. 1462, Cirencester. at Holm Lacy, direcfted ' to oure trusty and well-beloved squier and Servant William Prelat, oure Recever and Feodier in Gloucestershire,' which accounts for the figure of the Duke having been placed in the east window, and his cognizance * In the Archceologia vol. xv. p. 405 are a, sketch and description of thi§ painting, by Mr. Samuel Lysons. 66 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. (the falcon and fetterlock) being carved in several parts of this chapel, as it does not appear that the duke himself had any connecftion with Cirencester." — Lysons's Gloucestershire Antiquities. He was an executor of Richard Dixton's will (vide No. xi), and receiver-general of the Gloucestershire estates of Richard Duke of York. His house was in Laurens St., i.e, Gloucester St. (Register of Lady Chapel, f 19. a.) XXV.— cbipping Camp^en. John Lethenard, merchant, 1467, and wife Joan. Nave. — Haines. Position. — On a flat stone in the nave, a portion being under a movable platform. (Feb., 1882.) Size. — 3ft. 3in. x 2ft. 5in. Description. — John Lethenard has his hair cropped across the temples and above the ears ; he is also clean shaven. He wears the ordinary civilian's gown characteristic of the period, edged with fur, and slightly open at the lower part of the skirt. The sleeves are full, but close at the wrists where the fur lining is exposed. The upper portion of the gown is turned down, showing the fur lining and reaching down the front, till hidden by the hands. At the wrists and neck portions of the underdress are visible. The waist is confined by a narrow plain belt. The shoes are distinct from the hose, and the fastening at the side is shown. Between the feet are three sprays of trefoils. (60) Joan Lethenard wears a modified form of the horned headdress, of which a description is given in No. XIX. Her gown is long and flowing, covering her feet ; it has a v-shaped opening, which extends below the girdle, and is edged with fur. The sleeves are close, and of uniform breadth, with large cuffs lined with fur. It is very short-waisted, the girdle used being plain and narrow. (60) They are both represented erect, and in a devotional attitude, the wife being on her husband's left hand. Inscription. — The figures stand on a plate of brass, on which is engraved the following inscription : — Iblc lacent 5obes XetbenarC) quondam /ift'cator istC ville q. ... I Bnno &'nl /iRill'mo CCCC" Ijvij" et 5ob na vjor eius quor' . . , Fig. 60 John Lethenard and wife Joan. 1467, Chipping Campden. 6s Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, In English thus — " Here lie John Lethenard, formerly merchant of this town (who died) in the year of our Lord 1467, and Joan his wife, on whose (souls may God have mercy. Amen.") Illustrations, — None known. Portions Lost. — Part of the inscription, Biographical Account. — Unknown. XXVI.— Cirencester, William Notyngham, 1427 (head gone), and wife Cristina, 1434, engraved circa 1470. South aisle. — Haines. Position. — On the floor m the Lady Chapel. Size. — 2ft. 5in. x 2ft. 4in., not including the shield of arms. Description. — " The earliest dated brass in Cirencester Church is in the Lady Chapel. It is that to the memory of William Nottingham and his wife. . . . Next to the brass o,f the wine merchant and his wife''' comes the brass of W. Nottingham, which, as I before stated, is the earliest brass in the church ; it bears the following inscription : — ©rate pro a'i'abus TMdl'i IRotgnglDam et Cristine vjoris eius qui quiOem 'maurmue obilt ur Die mensis IKlouembrie 2lnno Dili /iftiU'mo CCCC £i*vij" Bt pre&tcr Cbristma obiit itij" i:>\c 5ultj 21° Dili /nb"CC(IC" imir a°r aCabs, p'pictet' Oeu0.— Bmen. •' This fixes the dates at the 5th and 12th years of Henry VJ. The effigy of the man who is headless, is clothed in the usual civilian's gown of the period with a rosary on the right hand side of the belt, the end of which is visible. The female figure wears the ' horned ' or ' mitred ' headdress, but no hair is visible beneath ; the kirtle is long and flowing to the feet ; the sleeves are tight, and no cincture is visible at the waist. The collar is remarkable as coming down in a loop to the waist." — Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A. They are represented full-face with hands in the attitude of prayer, the husband having his wife on his left hand. The style of engraving is very much later than the date on the brass and as appears above. Haines assigns it to the period 1470. It is of course possible that Sir William Nottingham a baron of the Exchequer may have placed this memorial to his father. * Vide No. V. of this series. Monumental Brasses. 69 Inscription. — The above inscription may be translated thus : — "Pray for the souls of William Notyngham and of his wife Christiana, which William died on the 21st of November, A.D., 1427, and the aforesaid Christiana died on the 4th July, A.D., 1433. On whose souls may God have mercy. Amen." Illustrations. — None known. Portions Lost. — The head of the husband, and a shield of arms between the husband and wife. Biographical Account. — In Atkyns's Gloncestershire it is recorded that "there is an inscription, upon a marble stone, in the south aisle for Sir W^illiam Nottingham, and his wife. He died 1427," and in his account of the chantries, &c., he says, " the office of St. Thomas the Martyr, founded by Sir William Nottingham, baron of the Exchequer, whereof Thomas Neal was the last chaplain.'' It would seem that Atkyns' has confused the two William Nottingham's. Rev. E. A. Fuller records that this William Nottingham was a clothier and father of Sir William Nottingham. He quotes this extract from Sir William's will : — " to the support and maintenance of one priest which shall be fit and which shall say Divine prayer in the said church of Saint John, at the altar of St. Thomas the Martyr, where the bodies of William Nottingham and Christine his wife, my parents, were buried." XXVII. —Bristol, St. CXi^x^ IReDcliffe- Philip Mede, Esq., 1475 (?) in tabard and two wives, one in heraldic mantle, with demi-figure of our Saviour (?), inscription lost, quadrangular plate, mural North Aisle. — Haines. Position. — Affixed to the north wall under a canopy. Size. — 22^ in. x 18^ in. Description. — His helmet lies on the ground in front of him. His head is uncovered, and his hair is long and flowing. Over his armour he wears a tabard or surcoat. The tabard is slit at the sides and portions of the armour are to be seen beneath. Round his neck is a standard of mail. The arms are protected by pieces of plate armour whilst the hands are bare. To the skirt of taces are fastened large tuiles. The legs are encased in armour, the tying of the genouillieres 1o Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Fig. 6i. Philip Mede and his two wives. 1475, Bristol, St. Mary Redcliff. Monumental Brasses. yi being most plainly shown ; on the feet are large sollerets or sabbatons. Both the ladies wear the kennel head-dress and the long flowing robe cut low at the neck ; the lady to the left of the husband wears a heraldic mantle. Her gown is confined by a girdle fastened in front, with an ornamental pendant at the end. The other lady wears no adornment nor mantle, and so her dress is seen to fit tightly to the body, the sleeves being close fitting with deep cuffs. From the husband's hands proceed a label 'S'CE tCtUitflS VlV De' miserere nobis', ' Holy Trinity, one God pity us,' and from the hands of the lady in the heraldic cloak is *pater &e celis Dens miserere nobis,' 'O God the Father of Heaven pity us.' All the figures are kneeling ; the tips of the fingers of the husband and the wife behind him are merely touching ; the lady in the heraldic mantle is holding up her hands in supplication. The husband is turned a little to the left to face the lady in the mantle, who is turned a little to her right ; the lady behind the husband is turned a little to her left. The background is plain. At the top of the brass is a demi-figure representing our Saviour in a blaze of light and his head surrounded by a nimbus. He is holding his hands in the attitude of blessing. Inscription. — Lost. Heraldry. — His surcoat is charged with the following armorial bearings : — Sable, a chevron ermine, between three trefoils slipt argent ; these bearings are shown twice, — on the breast and skirt, and on the right arm, — the left side is not visible. The mantle of his first wife bears the following arms : , two lions rampant. . . . She has a necklace with an ornament hanging in front. In the British Museum is an example of his seal as Mayor of Bristol. It is thus described : 4696 [A.D. 1459] Red. (Add Charters 26,474) Ob. — On the left a view of Bristol castle, with three storeys of embattled masonry, on one of the corner towers a watchman, half-length to the left, blowing a horn, on the battlements a flag charged with a cross, on another turret another watchman blowing a horn. The secret quay is open and a ship is sailing out from behind the castle, with high forecastle 72 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. and flag of the Royal Arms of England, as used by Edward III., viz. quarterly i and 4, and semy-de-lis, for France ; 2, 3, England. In the field over the forecastle the initial letter B. SIGILL' MAIORITATIS VILLE. BRISTOLLIE. R. — A small round signet, fin. from a chased ring. An eagle rising with expanded wings, cf. crest of MEADE, an eagle displayed with two heads between two indistinct initial letters in black letter. Illustration. — Bristol : Past and Present, vol 2 p. 208. Portions Lost. — The inscription. Biographical AccoJint. — " Philip Mede was at the battle of Nibley Green. He was present at " the unduly summoned" parliament held at Coventry which attainted the Duke of York and his friends. " The first name of the wife of Philip Mede is all that Barrett mentions, and we, therefore, only know that it was Isabel, and that their son John lies with them. Isabel''- their daughter, married the fifth Maurice, Lord Berkeley,! who was disinherited by his brother, William, Marquis of Berkeley, because he had married the daughter of a Bristol merchant whose parentage was not considered sufficiently honourable for an alliance with a Berkeley ! The will of Philip Mede was proved January nth, 1471, in which he directs his body to be interred at the altar of St. Stephen, in the church of St. Mary Redcliffe, to which he was a benefactor. He served the office of Bailiff in 1444; Sheriff in 1454; Mayor in 1458, 1461, and 1468 ; and was returned Member of Parliament for Bristol in 1460, and which met both at Coventry and Westminster." — Pryce, pp. 187, 188, 189. Philip Mede was the son of Thomas, son of Thomas, decended from the Meads of Mead-place in Feyland, in Wraxall, CO. Somerset'. — Smyth's Lives of the Berkeleys, p. 165. His will is in the Great Book of the Wills, and proved Mar. 1476. It IS also in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 21 Wattys. His inquisition post mortem shows that he had lands in Faryeland alias Feylond, Wraxhall, Rolleston, Bedmyster, Somerset. *A full account of the ceremonial of this lady's funeral will be found in Smyth's Lives 0/ the Berkeleys, pp. i66, 167. fBorn at Berkeley 1435, married at 30 years of age, died 2? Hen. VII., annp 1506. They had four children. Monumental Brasses. 73 xxviii.-jsristol, St. aobn. Thomas Rowley, merchant and sheriff, deceased 1478, and wife Margaret, under moveable floor, Nave. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the csntre of the Nave. Size.—^^t. lin. X 2ft. 4in. Description, — The hair is combed over the forehead, but shewing the ears, and he is clean shaven. His mantle is fastened at the right shoulder and falls over the left arm ; the lining is edged with fur. The mantle was worn at that period as a distinctive garment of civic functionaries. The collar of the tunic is seen above the mantle ; the tunic reaches to the ankles, the lower edge has a fur border. The sleeves are moderately full with narrow fur cuffs, beneath them are the tight fitting sleeves of an under-dress. The tunic is kept in place by a plain narrow belt, which is buckled on the left side. From this girdle hangs a gypciere or pouch and a rosary, (62) both on the right side. When Chaucer described Fig. 62. Purse and Beads, a " Franklein " he said that a U78, Bristol St. John. *' Gypser al of silk Heng at his gerdul, whit as morne mylk." The gypciere was worn by women as well as by men, for when Chaucer described the carpenter's wife he says : — And by hire girdel hung a purse of iether Tasseled with silk and perled with latoun. The gypciere served as an external purse, and was worn much earlier, but rarely seen on effigies before the time of Edward IV. The anelace whicli figured so conspicuously on earlier brasses is now superseded by the rosary. " This was a chaplet composed of various numbers of beads strung loosely on a cord or thread." — Haines, i. cciii. n. The shoes are long with pointed toes and fastened across the instep, and on the ground between the feet is a trefo 1. Margaret Rowley wears a variety of the horned head-dress called the heart-shaped. Her gown covers her feet and is girt high by a broad girdle. The gown has a v-shaped opening from the shoulders below the girdle wiih a border of fur at the edges ; the sleeves are close, of uniform breadth throughout 74 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. and have deep cuffs lined with fur and turned back. The kirtle is seen at the neck and wrists. From Thomas is a label with the inscription SC'a /IDada Ota prO HOblS ("Holy Mary pray for us "). And from Margaret proceeds a label with the words Sc'a UlllUtaS VIl' ^C' miser' nob (" Holy Trinity one God, pity us "). Both are erect, with hands folded, the wife being on her husband's left. Above each figure is a shield containing his merchant's mark : — a Maltese cross with a streamer from its summit, the cross bar seems to be the Arabic numeral 2 and on Fig. 63. Merchnnt's Mark, the lower part of the stem are " T.R., " 1478, Bristol, St. John. his initials. (63) Inscription. — The inscription beneath the figure is : — 1bic iacet ^[jonias IRowleg quoD'm m'cator ac Dicecome, buius villc J6r(6toIl, et qui qui5'm | Q;boma6 obiit jjiij° 5ic mese Jaiiuarii Biuio C>Mii /llbilUo C(ICC° l|jvuj° Bt /Iftargareta | vjor ci que obijt Die mese. B° Dni jfllb^CCCC" lu quo3 Bnimab3 P'picier DeBme. In EngHsh thus — '' Here lies Thomas Rowley, sometime %^ I a merchant and sheriff of this town of Bristol, ^■^ who died on the 23rd January, 1478, together ^B with Margaret his wife, who died 1470, To ^^L^^M^ whose souls may God be merciful. Amen." ^^I^^l^ I Heraldry . — Between the figures is a ^^^^^^ / shield (64) charged with a 'roe" (Haines) \Mm Mm/ possibly a canting coat of arms. ' The ^ -^ arms of Tiiomas Rowley seem to be a Hait-proper on a field sanguine." — Pryce, p. 96. Fig. 64. Shield, 1478, Bristol, St. John. 96. Illustration. — Pryce, p. Portions Lost. — None. Biographical Account. — '• Much difference of opinion has obtained as to this Thomas Rowley. It is known that he founded a chauntry in this church, and it is recorded that he was one of the bailiffs of the city in the year 1466, and sheriff in 1475." — Pryce, p. g8. •'Thomas Rowley was appointed executor to the will of his son, WiUiam Rowley, burgess of Bristol, 25th November, Monumental Brasses. 75 1478, but died before the will was proved ; i8th March, 1478, old style, was the date of probate." — Rev. T. P. IVadlti/, M.A. His will was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 36 Wattys. There is extant a view of Bristol Castle as it appeared in 1440, with this name in the corner "T. Rowleie Canonicus delin, 1440." XXIX.— Cirencester. Ralph Parsons, 1478, with chalice and host, much worn. — Haifies. Position. — On the floor at the east end of the Trinity Chapel. Size. — 3ft. 3in. by ift. S^in. Descriptio)i. — "In Trinity Chapel also is the brass of an ecclesiastic, vested in alb, stole, amice, chasuble, and maniple; and valuable as having the chalice and host in the hands." Inscription. — The inscription is : — **©rate pro anima Dni *lRaJ>ulpbi iparsone quon^am capcllani p'petue cantarie S'te tlrinitatis in bac cc'lia nul^atc qui cbiit im «5ie Bugusti B° D'ni /HbCCCC" lijviij cuj a'i'e p'picict' Deus. Bmen." The inscription reads thus in English : — " Pray for the soul of Sir Ralph Parsons, formerly chaplain of the perpetual chantry of the Holy Trinity founded in this church, who died on the 2gth day of August A.D. 1478, on whose soul may God have mercy. Amen." From the mouth proceeds a circular label, but the lettering is indistinct. Illustration. — None known. Portions Lost.- — A shield above the head, a portion of the scroll issuing from the mouth, and a part of the surname has been chipped out. The whole brass is much worn. Biographical Account. — From the inscription we learn that Ralph Parsons was a chaplain of the Chantry of Holy Trinity in Cirencester Church. It appears that he bequeathed to the church his cope, which was afterwards altered into a pulpit cloth. It has been thus described:- — "The cope was cut into long strips and sewed up into its present shape. It is made of blue velvet with a wide border, which is now quite faded, but was perhaps purple. Both the middle and border are covered with spangles and embroidered with cherubim 76 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. standing on stars of Bethlehem with pine apples in gold and colours. The border at the upper part seems meant to be worn round the neck, as the pine apples are inverted. One of the cherubim holds a shield of armorial bearings : — Argent on a chevron sable, three roses or, under which is a scroll with the words Orate pro aninia domitii liadidphi Pursoiis. Under the other cherubim are the words Gloria tibi Tnnitas ; over the pine apples on the border are the words Da gloriam Deo. '' Rev. E. A. Fuller says that " Part of the embroidery is the six- winged seraphim of Ezekiel's vision, which appear also on the outside of the Great South Door, and in the remains of ancient glass in the Trinity Chapel and the Garstany Chapel." XXX.— JBristol, St. /IDar^ IRe^cUtt- John Jay, and wife Joan, circa 1480, with 6 sons and 8 daughters, canopy and shields. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger-stone on the south side of the Chancel. Size. — 7ft. gin. x 2ft. gin. Description. — His hair is worn over his ears, and covers the forehead, reaching nearly to the eyebrows : he is clean shaven. His tunic reaches to his feet, and is edged with fur. It is slightly open up the front and reveals the fur lining. It is cut square at the neck, and here appears a small portion of the collar o' his under-dress, as also the manner m which it was fastened by means of a lace passing through holes, of which two are visible. The sleeves are ample and of uniform breadth, they are turned back at the wrists and form moderately deep cuffs. Beneath them are seen the tightly fitting sleeves of an under-dress. The tunic is Fig. 65. Purse and confined at the waist by a very narrow Beads c. 1480 mrdle, from which hang a purse and a rosary. Bristol St. Mary. ° ' t , , , • j Redcliff. (65) John Jay s shoes have pomted toes. Joan Jay is dressed in the usual long close-fitting gown covering the feet, and confined at the waist by a narrow and ornamental girdle. Above the girdle the gown is thrown back nearly to the shoulders, and has a border of fur at the Monumental Brasses. 77 Fig. 66. Dau. c, 1480. Bristol St. Mary Redcliff. edges of the v-shaped opening, and beneath the kirtle is visible fitting up to the neck. The sleeves are narrower than those of her husband's tunic, of uniform breadth with much deeper fur cuffs, and at the wrists are seen the sleeves of her kirtle. On her head is a variety of the horned headdress. Beneath the husband are six sons dressed in long plain tunics, with stand-up collars, but their hair is long, especially in the first two, where it reaches their shoulders. These two are taller than the rest. Under the wife are eight daughters, dressed in gowns which do not cover the feet : the gowns are made after the fashion of their mother's with the wide v-shaped opening in front. Nos. 3, 6 and 8 have long hair and caps somewhat similar to the fashionable 'mob' caps (66) they are also shorter than the others. The remaining 5 wear the butterfly headdress. The figures lie under a double canopy, with oval cusped heads and crocketted ogee gables, with a foliated finial. The pediments are filled in variously, (67) and the groining is shewn ; there is a soffit moulding of quatrefoils. On either side and between the canopies rise panelled pinnacles set on diagonally and terminated in crocketted finials ; the outer pinnacles are continued down by the side of the ^. , „ „ figures, and the centre one terminates in a Fig. 67, Rose. c. 1480. ° ' Bristol St. Mary Redcliff. pendant. There are four shields, one above the husband between the gable and the outer pinnacle ; the same is repeated below the daughters. Mr. Haines suggests that it is charged with a fuller's ^'S- ^9' Merchant's Mark „. c- 1480. Bristol St Marv ^'^RiJcf^t'-''^^°'bat. (68) Another Redcliff. Mary V - - , Another Bristol St. Mary 1 • ij • 1 ., -r Redcliff. shield IS above the wife, between the 78 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries gable and the outer pinnacle ; the same is repeated below the sons. This shield contains a merchant's mark, (69) which consists of a cross with two short legs and a streamer flying from the shaft. At the bottom of the shaft extends a cross each way horizontally : the legs and crosses pass through a small circle, of which the end of the shaft forms the centre John and Joan Jay are represented erect and full-face, the wife being on her husband's left hand : the sons are erect and turned half a turn to the left and the daughters are also turned half a turn to the right. Inscription. — The effigies are standing on a band of brass which bears this inscription : — Ibtc iaceiit Jobes 5aB (SiuonDam Dlcecomcs istius villc et 5obatina vj' el' q' quidem 5obe | obljt — Mc mcnse — B°D'ni ilftocccc ijjjo — (Jiuor'a'i'ab3 p'piciet' De' amc' Which reads thus in English, " Here lie John Jay, formerly sheriff of this town, and Joan his wife, which John died on the day of the month of A.D. 148 — . On whose souls may God have mercy. Amen." Illustrations. — Bristol, past and present, vol. 2, p. 208. Journal of Archaeological Association, vol. ii, p. 115 (Mark). Portions Lost.— Kone. hiographical Account.- — The will of a John Jaye is in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury under date 1468, 23 Godyn ; and it occurs in the Great Orphan Book, and Book of Wills. He had a wife Joan and desired to be buried in the choir of St. Mary of Redcliff, Bristol. His brother John Jaye to be executor, and this most probably is the person here com- memorated. This Joan was sister to William Wyrcestre, the fifteenth century topographer and antiquary. The will of a Joan Jaye is to be seen in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 29 Dogett. — 1492 John Jay was sheriff in 1472. The following is extracted from Harper's Magazine vol. 25, 1893, pp. 436-7. " Other rich merchants might be instanced were it necessary to enlarge on the prosperity of Bristol such as May, Young, and Spelly, the builder of the chapel on the bridge, but we have only space to speak of John Jay, who in 1480, sent out two ships under the command of tlie most scientific mariner in England, one Thlyde, or Lloyd, in search of the much-talked-of Isle of Brazil supposed to lie to the west of Ireland. This is the first recorded expedition from England • • • . MS^ Fig. 70. Priest c. 1480, Cirencester. Monumental Brasses. 8l to discover America, and it was followed by numerous others but until the year 1497 none of these voyages was continued sufficiently far to be crowned with success. The connection with America thus begun has continued to the present day." xxxL— Cirencester. A priest, circa 1480, in cassock, small, inscription lost, south aisle. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Lady Chapel. Size. — 2ft. 4in. by ift. 3^in. Description. — " In the Lady Chapel there is another ecclesiastical figure clad only in a cassock, valuable on account of its rarity. The fragments of inscription at the foot have no relation to the figure." — Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A. The cassock was generally worn as an undergarment but here the priest is represented in it as his ordinary dress. There is another example of a priest habited only in a cassock on the brass commemorating Thos. Awmarle, c. 1400, Cardynham Cornwall. The cassock formed a portion of the processional or canonical attire, and as such is seen on the brass in Temple Church, Bristol. In the west window of Cirencester Abbey is represented an ecclesiastic with a red cassock. The hair is worn long enough to cover half of the ears and the tonsure is clearly shown^ The shoes have pointed toes. Beneath the feet is the word SUOrUlU, which could not have formed a portion of the inscription. The figure is erect with hands in a devotional attitude. (70) Illustration — Haines i. p. Ixxvii. Portions Lost. — A circular label issuing from the mouth, and the inscription beneath the feet. XXXII.— Cirencester. A civilian and wife in mantle, circa 1480, worn, another wife, inscription and children lost. South aisle. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Lady Chapel. Size. — The portion that is left measures 3ft. X 2ft. lin. Description. — ^"In this same chapel (Lady Chapel) are the brasses of a merchant and his wife, which have been much injured. They lie close to the north wall. The male figure is dressed in a long gown, descendmg to the feet, bound round 82 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries the waist by a girdle, which falls down the front of the figure, and supporting on the right side a rosary, the sleeves are loose at the wrist, showing the sleeves of the under tunic. The female figure wears a kirtle, falling in folds over the feet, surmounted by a robe with a standing collar, fastened at the throat; the head is covered with acoverchief falling behind the figure. There is no name or inscription of any kind, nor trace of any, but the brass is most probably late in the 14th century or early in the 15th century." — Rev. W. K. Hadoiv, M.A. Illustration. — None known. Portions Lost. — One wife, some children, and the inscription; the husband has lost the upper half of his head. XXXIII.— cbipptna Camp&en. William Gybbys, 1484, and wives Alice, Margaret, Marion, with seven sons and six daughters. Nave. — Haines. Atkyns incorrectly gives the name as Dobbins. Position. — On a ledger-stone in the centre of the nave. The effigies of the husband and one wife are under a movable platform. Size. — 4ft. 5in. x 3ft. Description. — William Gybbys wears his hair long but brushed back behind the ears, it presents an arched appearance across the forehead, and he is clean shaven. His tunic is long and reaches to his ankles, it has a tight-fitting collar at the neck, above which is seen the collar of an under-dress fastened in the same manner as that of No. XXX. The sleeves are full and of uniform breadth, at the wrists they are turned back and form slight fur cuffs, beneath which the sleeves of an underdress are visible. The gown is confined by a girdle, of which the hanging portion is seen on his left side ; from it on the right side hangs a rosary, to the xwo ends of which are fastened two tassels, on the string are twelve beads equally divided. The shoes are long, with pointed toes, and fastened across the instep. Between the feet is represented a conventional plant of seven leaves. The three wives all wear the modified form of the horned headdress, termed heart-shaped. Each lady wears a long gown, which falls in graceful folds, hiding the feet; it has a, Monumental Brasses. 83 turn-over collar, v-shaped, of fur or velvet, terminating below the girdle in a point, and thrown back nearly to the shoulders, revealing an under-vest or stomacher of a different colour. The sleeves are full and of uniform breadth, but not so ample as those of the husband, while the cuffs are very much deeper. The gown is girt high by a plain cincture. All four are represented erect, full-face with hands in the attitude of prayer. Beneath the figures are two groups of children, on the right hand corner seven sons with long hair and tunics like their father, on the left hand corner six daughters in butterfly headdresses. The figures are too much worn to distinguish their dresses, which, however, hide the feet. The sons are turned to their left to face the daughters, who are turned to their right. Inscription. — The figures stand on a fillet of brass, which bears the following inscription : — ©rate pro a'Cabus "maiiri (Brbbvs Blicie, /iRarcjaretc ct /Ibarione Consortes sue quiqui&"m TaailU us obiit viij " | Me luensis Sanuarii Buno Domini mill mo CCCC IjjJiiii . (Quorum aiiimabus p'piciet' De'. Bmen" In English thus : — " Pray for the souls of William Gybbys, Alice, Margaret, and Marion his consorts, which "William died on the 8th of January, A.D. 1484: To whose souls n ay God be merciful. Amen." Illustration. — Bighnid's Gloticestershire, vol. i., p. 284. Portions Lost.— 0\er the head of the outside wives are the matrices of two sciolls, one of which is shown on the engraving in bi gland to have the words, Jhn Jtierci, ladye Julp. xxxiv.-/iiMcbel&can. Thomas Baynham, Esq., 1444, and two wives Margery and Alice, all lost but the effigies of the wives which are loose, engraved ciica 1485. — Haines. Position.— Hanging on two nails in the vestry. In Bigland's time they were inlaid on a large blue stone " in the farther North Aisle." S^ze. — Each effigy measures 2ft. 6in. x ift. Gin. Description. — In this interesting brass the most striking feature is the totally different shape of the headj^ear each wife affects. The vagaries of fashion are here brought into close 84 Monumental Brasses. and sharp contrast, and it is difficult without the aid of illustrations clearly to picture in words the great divergence in form and mode of wearing the head-dresses of these two ladies. To those interested in such matters it may be stated that illustrations of both these forms of the head-dress are given in any work on costume. Fig. 71. Margaret Baynham. c. I485, Micheldean. Margaret Baynham wears the wired or butterfly head-dress, which was much in vogue especially among ladies of rank. This remarkable head-dress was composed of a framework of wire fastened to a cap or caul into which the hair was strained back so as to be completely hidden. This caul was made of coloured silks oftentimes embroidered in gold or silver thread and sometimes enriched with jewels. Over this wirework foundation a veil of gauze, lawn or other light material was Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. 85 thrown. Planche in his history of British Costume shews that these butterfly head-dresses are prototypes of those worn even at the present day in Normandy. (71) The head-dress of Ahce Baynham is very different from that of Margaret Baynham. AHce is represented as wearing the pedimental, kennel, or diamond-shaped head-dress ; as this liead-dress is to be found on many of the brasses in Gloucestershire it is worthy of description. Mr. F. W. Fairholt, F.S.A., in his account of Ladies' Head Gear thus speaks of this head-dress. " A perfectly geometrical form, which might have been invented by some clerical architect, succee('ed to the butterfly head-dtessin the reign of our Henry Vn. An angle, like the penthouse of ?n old timber mansion, was formed over a lady's forehead, and a straight ugly line was brought down the sides of the face ; the whole thing was formahsm run mad." St. jfamess Magazine, No. XH (March 1862), p. 459. Like the butterfly head-dress it was " supported by wires and confined the hair in a round cap at the back of the head, but it was destitute of the veil projecting behind, its leading characteristics were long frontlets or lappets which formed an angle over the forehead, and hung down on each side, and similar lappets depended behind." Haines, i. p. ccxii. As the head is turned to the right, tlie lappet lianging behind is clearly seen ; all the lappets are plain. The dresses of the ladies, though similar, differ somewhat in detail. Both are close-fitting, small waisted and long, and gathered in graceful folds round the feet. They are fastened in front, but the method of fastening is not shown. Fur is to be seen at the neck, and round the hem of the skirt. The sleeves are narrow and fit tightly. The gown of Margaret is cut low at the neck, and the cuffs are large, slashed, and turned back, disclosing the fur lining. The waist is encircled by a long narrow girdle, which, passing through a large buckle on her right side, hangs down in front with a pendant terminating in a tassel ; the mode of fastening is curious, for the tongue of the buckle does not pass through the strap, but beneath it ; the strap is adorned with embossed or embroidered scroll-work. Tiie neck is bare and she seems to be wearing a small chain ; the kirtle or underdress is seen. Alice is wearing a gown cut square at the neck, and at the 86 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. top of the fastening of the gown is a brooch (?). The cuffs, instead of being turned back, cover the hands reaching to the knuckles. The buckle of her belt is on her left side, and the tongue of the buckle passes through a hole in tlie belt, which is enriched with scroll-work. Both the ladies are represented erect with hands clasped in a devotional attitude, Margaret being slightly turned to her left to display her butterfly headdress, (71) and similarly Alice is turned to her right to match, and probably the husband was placed full face between them. Illustration. — Transactions of the Bristol andGloncestershire Archceological Society, Volume VI, Plates VII and VIII. Portions Lost. — Thi'? brass was mutilated in Bigland's time. He records that over the man's head the escutcheon with a mantle and crest was then gone ; there were " four corner Escutcheons, three remaining; i. Gules, a Chevron between three bulls Heads caboshed Argent for Baynham ; 2. A Fess surmounted of another indenied, for Hodye ; 3. Quarterly ist and 4th, Baynham ; 2nd and 3rd, on a Chief three Mullets ; — impaling, Per Pale Or and Vert, twelve Guttes counterchanged, for Greyndour, and Crusilly a Fess, for . . . ." History of Gloucestershire i. p. ^/\.6, s.v. Dean Micliel. Memoir. — Thomas Baynham was son and nearest heir of Robert Baynham, and at his father's death, 12th September, 1436, he was aged 14 years five months and three days. — {Inq. p. m. 15, Henry VI, No. 15.) " Thomas inherited from his father, with other lands, the first moiety of the Manor of Dene Magna, or the purparty of Johanna, the senior co-heir of William de Dene. He married, as his first wife, Margaret, daughter of Richard Hcdy, one of the King's Justices — it is so stated in an old pedigree lecorded in the Heralds' College in 1582, nevertheless it would seem to be doubtful ; there was never a Richard Hody, a justice in either of the King's Courts — and by her had a son and heir named Alexander. He married secondly, Alice, daughter and heir of William Walwyn, with whom he acquired also, in her right, the other moiety, or purparty, of Isabella, the second co-heir. By her he had a son Christopher, heir of his mother and other children." Much further information respecting the Baynham family will be found in a paper on the " Manors of Dene Magna and Monumental Brasses 67 Abenhall," by Sir John Maclean, F.S.A. in the "Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestei shire Archaeological Society," Vol. VI. xxxv.-iRortbleacb. A woolman and wife, cind 1485, with two sons and two daughters, merchant's mark and marginal inscription. North aisle.- — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the north aisle. Size. — 6ft. Sin x 2ft. Sin. Description. — The husband has his hair long, parted down the middle and brushed back behmd the ears. He wears a tunic, which does not quite reach the ankles ; it is edged with fur round the skirt, wrists, and neck. The sleeves are full and flowing with wide openings at the wrists, where the sleeves are turned back to form narrow fur cuff's. The gown is kept in place by a girdle, which has an ornamental stud visible in Iront The gown is closed the whole way down ; the mode ot fastening is concealed. Round his neck is a narrow collar, possibly of his underdress, above the band of fur. At the Fig. 72. Feet of Husband, c. 1485. Northleach. 88 Monumental Brasses. wrists the tight-fitting sleeves of the underdress are seen. He has neither anelace gypciere, nor rosary. He wears low shoes with rounded toes. The right foot rests on a sheep, and the left on a woolpack, on which is shownhis merchant's mark. (72). Beneath are two sons dressed like their father. The wife has unfortunately lost the upper part of her head, but seemingly she wears a heart-shaped head-dress, which ends in three tiers; her ears are not visible. The gown is long, full, and straight, with a v-shaped opening at the neck, and terminates below the girdle ; the edges are trimmed with fur, so also is the bottom of the skirt. The chest is protected by an underdress, also v-shaped and leaving the neck bare. The sleeves are long and narrow, reaching to the wrists, where they terminate in wide cuffs of fur. The gown is confined by a girdle ornamented with rosettes. The supporters of her feet, which are concealed by the gowi , are the same as her husband's except that the merchant's mark is not visible Beneath is a plate representing two daughters, who are attired in the same fashion as their mother, with the following exceptions, their girdles are loose and fastened at the side, and their headdresses belong to the butter- fly kind. (73) The merchant's mark (74) consists of a cross, from the stem of which a streamer is flying, standing on an inverted old-fashioned W. The figures are erect, full face with hands clas ed in a devotional attitude; the wife is on her husband's left hand, and she is also represented shorter in stature than her husband. The sons are turned to their left to face their sisters, who are turned to their right. All the children are represented erect with their hands folded in prayer. Above the husband is a scroll inscribed ^b'U /IDCVCP, below the sons is a similar pious ejaculation, the matrix only is left, whilst below the /IDer-"i'5 all that is left. Daughter, Northleach, 14S5 Fig. 74. Merchant's Mark. c. 1485. Northleach. ed Above the wife 5'bu daughters Monumental Brasses. 89 Inscription. — Round the verge are the following verses ; — >^ a ffareweir my frendes the tyde abideth no man (i) I am departed from hense and so shall' ye Hut in this (2) passage the best songe that I can Is requiem eternam now (3) Jhu graunte it me When I haue ended' all (4) myn aduersite Graunte me in paradise to haue a (5) mansion That shed' thy blode fformy redempcion. (6) The inscription commences over the husband's head, and at each corner as well as at the middle of the sides were ornamental plates ; a part of one remains at the upper dexter corner (6), on it is engraved the symbol of the Apostle St. John — an eagle ; at the middle of the side near the wife (2) is a part of a winged ox, the symbol of St. Mark; whilst at the lower sinister corner (3) is a shield containing the merchant's mark described above ; the plates have been torn away from (I), (4), and (5). " This inscription occurs with slight variations at Royston, Herts, and according to Weever, it was at Baldock in the same county ; at Maldon and Romford, Essex ; and at St. Martin's, Ludgate, London (Fun. Mon., pp. 545, fiio, 649, 387)." — Haines, i. p. clxxxi. note. Ilhistration. — ''Suits [E.L.) Scenes and Characters of ilie Middle Ages, p. 524 (effigy only), p. 526 (merchant's mark.) Portions Lost. — The upper half of the wife's head, the scroll above her, a part of the scroll beneath the daughters, the ornamental plates at (i), (4), and (5) and parts of (2) and (6), (see inscription). Memoir. — As each effigy is represented standing on a sheep and a woolpack, it is very probable that Haines' supposition that the brass represented a " woolman and his wife" is correct. XXXVI.— iRortbleacb. [lohn Taylour] , wolman, and wife Joan, circa 1490, with eight sons and seven daughters, Evangelical symbols, marginal inscription mutilated, Holy Trinity lost, south chancel. — Haines. Position. — On floor. Size. — 6ft. gin. x 2ft. 4in. Description. — John Taylor has hair long enough nearly to reach his collar and cover his ears. The face is clean shaven and he is represented well advanced in years by the wrinkles go Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. on his forehead. He wears the ordinary long gown of the period, but it is destitute of fur edging either at the skirt or sleeves. To his girdle are fastened a gypciere on his right side, and on his left a rosary of twelve beads, i.e., five small beads and one large one on each string, one end terminates in a tassel, and to the other end is attached a signet ring. The gown covers the ankles so that the mode of fastening the shoes is not seen — only the wide rounded toes are visible. Between his feet is represented a conventional flower. Joan Taylor wears the butterfly headdress, but it is not so large as that of Margaret Baynham. Her gown is long and very low-necked, it has not the V-shaped opening. Below the gown is her kirtle or stomacher protecting her chest. The sleeves are narrow with long fur cuff's, and fit tightly at the wrists. The hip girdle is narrow and hangs loosely. Beneath John Taylor are eight sons dressed like their father, and beneath his wife are seven daughters dressed like their mother. Above the husband and wife and beneath their children are plates on which are engraved the evangelical symbols, but they are much mutilated. In the centre of the bottom of the brass is represented a sheep, head to left, standing''' on a woolpack^ between its fore and hind feet is John Taylor's mark viz., two shepherd's crooks placed one verti- cally turned to the le ft the other crossing it horizontally turned to theright, a crook lies in ^ front of the woolpack. Fig. 75. Sheep on Woolpack. c. 1490. Northleach. (75) Inscription. — Round the verge is the following inscription, the portion in brackets being supplied from Rudder : — [5obn a;aBlour] Bo _ — ITbousanD CCCC anD on \vboi0 6OUU0 5'bbauc Fig. 76. End of Inscription, c. 1490. Northleach. /Ift'cg. Bmen. (76)u " Couchant " Rudder's Gloxicestershire. Momtmental Brasses. 91 From John's mouth proceeds a label S'ca triuit [as ora pro nobis] . His wife's label probably bore a similar inscription but " is " is all that is left. Illustration. — Cntts (E.L.) Scenes and Characters of the Middle Ages, p 524 (effig)' only) p. 526 (Merchant's Mark.) Portions Lost. — Representation of the Holy Trinity, most of the marginal inscription, the symbol over John's head, and parts of the other three, the left hand lower corner of John's gown. Memoir. — The will of a Johane Taylour of Northleach is in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 15 10, 32 Bennett. xxxvn -xrormarton. John Ceysyll, "famulus" of "Lord John Sendlow, 1493, marginal inscription Nave. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone in the centre of the nave. Size. — 6ft. 2in. X2ft. 3in. Description. — His hair is worn long, it conceals his ears and the greater part of his forehead. The face is clean-shaven, and furrows are represented shewing that he was an old man. He wears the long tunic customary of the period, this has no border of fur at the edge of the skirt nor at the neck and wrists. The sleeves are full and of uniform width. At the Fig. 77. Feet. 1493. Tormarton. *It is evident that Mr. Haines strangely enough overlooked the fact that Dominus " in this case is merely the equivalent of " Sir " and does not mean Lord." Ed. 92 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. neck is the small standing collar of the underdress of which a portion of the lacing is shewn. At the wrist the tight-fitting sleeves of the underdress are to be seen. The line shewing where the tunic is fastened down the front is very evident. The waist is confined by a narrow girdle, but the buckle is not shown. From this girdle hang a gypciere on the right side, and a rosary on the left side. The rosary has, instead of a tassel at one end, a ring, probably a signet-ring. The feet are shod with mis-shapen round-toed shoes with thick soles. Between tlie feet and springing from the centre of seven leaves is a conventional flower of three blossoms displayed somewhat in the form of a cross. (77) The figure seems to be spare and the hands are clasped in the attitude of prayer. Inscription. — The inscription (78) is round the verge and is as follows: — Orate (oak- leaf), pro (three leaves springing from a crown), Auima (cinq-foil), yohainiis (two acorns), Ceysyll (double triangle), | Quoiidiun (a clover [trefoil] leaf) famulus (leaf), Reuereudi (Tudor rose, boss), d'ui (leaf), JoWis (a flowered square), Sendlow (heart), niilitis (rabbit), qui (quadruped), quide (oak leaf and acorn), jfohaniiis (leaves), Ceysyll (bunch of three cherries), suuiii (lily blossom), clausit (cherry and leaf), extreniu (coventionall, in (do), Vigiiia (cap) Sancti (rose) Bartholomei (hare), AposioU (a pod bursting and revealing the seeds), Anno (leaves), d'ni (goose?) MilTmo | (a spread eagle), CCCC° (bird flying), lxxxxiii° (goose preening her wings), et (goose with neck arched), Anno (crown), Regui (a rose barbed), Res^is (leaf and double square), Henrici (a berry between two leaves), septimi (trefoil), none (bell), Cuius (stringed instrument resembling a violin, Anime (pair of bellows), propicietur (apple? ) (if ' ( ? ), Altissimus (leaf). Amen. In English it may be rendered thus :— -Pray for the soul of John Ceysyll, formerly servant of the reverend Sir John Sendlow, Knight, which John Ceysyll ended his last day on the eve of St. Bartholomew the Apostle, [August 23] , A.D., 1493, and m the ninth year of the reign of King Henry VII. To whose soul may the Most High be merciful. Amen." Illustrations. — None known. Portions Lost. — None, and the brass is in excellent condition. Af^jwozV.— Nothing known of John Ceysyll. mi ^ \M m i Kill 1 SSi iik?< ^ IX*1 Imt] i i L4v; i ^ &sa if*^, i«(«i 6\£) B^ i Fig. 7 Inscription, i-igj. Toin-arlon 94 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. xxxviii— Cirencester. John Benet, 1497 (head gone), and two wives, Agnes and Agnes. One wife and children gone. Marginal inscription nearly all lost. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Lady Chapel. Size. — All that is left measures 6ft, x ift. Sin. Description. — " There is also the brass of a man and his wife, evidently another wife has been there, and childrenf also. The man wears a gown falling to the feet, the sleeves are large at the wrist and lined and faced with fur ; from the girdle hang a rosary on the right, and the gypciere on the left side ; on the right shoulder rests a cap of a peculiar construction, in high favour with all classes of persons during the reign of Henry VI., and very often worn throughout the remainder of the 15th century ; in form the cap was circular like a turban, and was made of a roll of cloth, or some rich material from which on one side a long and broad band or scarf hung down to the ground unless tucked in the girdle or wound round the neck ; while to the other side of the cap was attached a kind of loose hood, which fell negligently, about the head or shoulders. In this brass the scarf is represented as hanging down in front of the figure. The wife's figure is clad in a flowing kirtle down to the feet, with a tightly-fitting bodice, cut low and square on the breast showing the under tunic round the throat ; the sleeves have large cuffs of fur, and there is a cincture round the waist ; she wears the horned head-dress hanging in folds behind the figure. Inscription. — Part of the inscription only remains, and reads thus: — Qui qnidem Johannes obijt deciino nono die; and in another part of the chapel are the following words, which evidently, from the style of lettering, belong to this brass : Mensis Jnlij anno domini uiillimo ccct° nonages' septiino quur' aTabus. From the mouths of the two figures are scrolls issuing and bearing the following words : — Man's scroll — S'cfa Triuitas vnus De' miserere nobis. Woman's — Spiritus sti (sic) de' mi'icrere nobis. This inscription is also preserved by Bigland I. 357. Orate pro a'i'abtcs Johannis Bennett ac Agnetis uxoru' suar\ qui quidem Joh'es obiit decimo nono die mensis jfnlij, anno t According to Bigland there were eight children. . Monumental Brasses. 95 d'ni Millinio cccc nonages septhno (jHoni)ii c/'i'biis. From tlie other wife a label with Fill redeniptor mntidi miserere nobis. The inscription may be thus translated : — Pray for the souls of John Bennett [Agnes] and Agnes his wives, which John died on the igth day of July, A.D. 1497, on whose souls [may God have mercy. Amen.] The portions in brackets seemed to be lacking when Rev. Thos. Carles, M.A., vicar of Cirencester made a copy of the inscriptions in the church in 1673. His merchant's mark (79) resembles a cross with knops at each end ; and on the long staff, a St. Andrew's cross with similar knops. — Rev. W . E. Hadow, M.A. Both the effigies are erect, full face, with hands clasped in the attitude of '^^/k'' cke'ncLTer' prayer, the wife being on her 4iusband's 1497. right hand. The lower portion of the stone has been utilised by placing upon it a brass plate with the following inscription in ordinary Roman letters : — •' Here lieth the body of | Tho son of Tho and | Jane Nicholls, | obiit June 19th, 1752, | aged 32 years. Illustrations. — None known. Portions Lost. — Head of husband, lefthand corner of the wife's gown ; and according to Haines, the wife and a group of children, the name, effigy, and scroll of the second wife, the marginal inscription is much mutilated. Biograpliical Account. — His will and that of one of his wives are in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 1 1 Home, and 7 Moone, XXXIX.— sevenbanipton. A Civilian, c. 1490, lately lost (?) feet, and inscription, perhaps covered by a step. Chancel. — Haines. John Camber. 1497. Position. — On the floor in the Chancel, the feet and inscription, being covered by a moveable step. Size — 2ft. 6in. X ift. lin. Description. — The figure is two feet three and a half inches in length, and the costume that of a well-to-do yeoman of the g6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. time of Henry VII. His hair is full and long covering the ears, and is cut so as to form a fringe which almost touches the eyebrows; not a vestige of beard, whisker, or moustache is visible. He wears a long tunic which reaches below the ankles, this opens down the front, but here it is closed, and the mode of fastening is not shown ; at the waist it is confined by a wide girdle devoid of ornament. The sleeves are ample, wider at the wrists than at the elbows ; they have broad fur cufifs, which are returned inside, where the fur forms a narrow edge. The collar of the tunic is merely a narrow band. At the neck a quaker-like collar of the underdress is represented ; this is fastened by means of a lace ; at the wrist the closely- fitting sleeves of the underdress are seen. From the girdle depends on his left side a purse, or bag sewn to a metal frame of a semi-circular shape while from his right side hangs a rosary of twenty small beads and two larger ones the ends of the cord are terminated b} tassels. Over the right shoulder is thrown a hood, which usually was of a dark colour. In this instance it consists of a cap which is shaped somewhat like a Scotch ' bonnet ' and to it is attached a long streamer or scarf, which reaches below the knees ; it was sometimes called a liripipe, and was used for wrapping round the head when required. The tunic covers the fastening if any of the shoes, which are pointed, a fashion which was soon superseded by broad round toes. He is full-faced with hands raised in the attitude of prayer. Inscription. — Beneath the figure is a plate of brass on which is engraved the following inscription : — 1bic iacet Job es Camber qui obijt vicesinio | Sejto Me mensis Itebcuarij B" O'ni nv | CCCCfC vij" cuius a'i'e p'piciet' t)e' ameu Which may be thus translated, '' Here lies John Camber, who died the 26th P^eb. A.D., 1497, to whose soul may God be merciful. Amen. It is observable that the inscription affords an early instance of the modern fashion of writing the number * Ninety ' with the ' X ' to the left of the ' 6" it being far more commcn in the fifteenth century to express it thus, LXXXX. Illustrations. — Sevenhampton Parish Magazine, June 1869, continuation of Bigland s.v. Sevenhampton. Bristol and Gluucesiersiure Archceological Society, vol. xiv, p. 343. Monumental Brasses. 97 The excellence of the material is evident from the fact that though close upon four hundred years old, the lines and indentations, the hair, features, fur on cuffs, &c., are as clearly cut as at the time of its execution ; although, on account of its position before the altar rails, many generations must have walked over it. Portions Lost. — No portion is lost. Biographiail Account. — The Rev. J. Melland Hall, M.A., rector of Harescombe and Pitchcombe, and formerly vicar of Sevenhampton, very kindly sent me the following account, and to him I beg to express my indebtedness: — "The Rev. Herbert Haines, after a visit subsequently to the publication of his well-known work on Monumental Brasses (an extract from which will be found at the headof this notice), kindly furnished some additional particulars concerning the interesting memorial remaining in the church. As the inscription was supposed to be lost, the style of the execution was his sole guide as to its date, and he consequently assigned it to about the year 1490. He believed that it might probably be the monument of John Camber, who is said, by Sir Robert Atkyns, to have built the church (dying in 1497), this, however, can only refer to the fifteenth century portions : but whether he asserts this on any authority, or merely as a tradition doth not appear. As Mr, Haines remarks, while the lower part of the effigy, and a possible inscription were concealed by the altar step, it appeared very tantalizing to the wandering and enthusiastic antiquary to find that, until the obstruction was removed, uncertainty must hang over the person commemorated. It was, therefore, most satisfactory when the matter was investigated and the step removed to find that it was indeed the memorial of John Camber, and also that the assigned date was not very far removed from the real one, viz., A.D. 1497. The inscription, it will be seen, simply records the name and date of the decease of John Camber; and hardly anything more is known concerning him, except xhdit h.\s "■ auniversary service ' was to be performed on the 26th of February, for which ' the Parishioners were enfeoffed of a House, with Close, and Dovehouse, at Prestbury, yearly value, vjs. viijd. — (Valor- Eccles.) His will is in P.C C. 21, Home and printed in Gloucestershire Notes and Queries 11., 444. 98 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. It may, however, be mentioned that the name Camber occurs at Tilbury, Essex, and also in Norfolk early in the sixteenth century, where, in the parish Church of Hedenham, a small brass inscription to a John Camber [John Camber, i6th cent., loose, inscription only. Haines Manual ii. 139] still remains. Whether the subject of this interesting and well-preserved brass was connected with these families we know not ; but it is evident that he was a man of considerable note in his day, and as the probable restorer or rebuilder of the Tower and other portions of the parish Church of Seven- hampton, '^zealous 0/ good works. XL.— 3fairtort>. John Tame, Esq., 1500, and wife Alice (Twynihow) 1471. Marginal Inscription, Altar Tomb, Chancel. — Haines. FosiHon. — On an altar-tomb, lying partly in the Lady Chapel — Northe Ghappell — and partly in the Chancel. Size. — 7ft. Sin. X 3ft. Description. — "This stately memorial of Purbeck marble, which forms a conspicuous ornament of the chancel, was raised by his son and successor, Sir Edmond Tame, Knight, who finished the church after his father's death. This tomb has a somewhat uncommon character from the circular panels which ornament its sides. Upon the top are full-length figures in brass of John Tame and Alice his wife, with their respective shields of arms separate, and also with the same arms impaled together. In this effigy it is to be noted that John Tame is represented, not as a citizen or merchant, but as an armiger or Esquire, clothed in mail and wearing spurs. It is also observable that the affirmation attached to his will, a short time previous to his decease, attested by the names of the vicar of Fairford, and the vicar of Southrop, styles him 'John Tame, Sqnier,' quite in accordance with this fact " — The Fairford fVindows. This brass is in an unusually fine state of preservation, and gives a very good illustration of the armour worn at the end of the fifteenth and the commencement of the sixteenth centuries. John Tame's hair is so long as to reach to his shoulders ; it covers his ears and is parted down the middle. The face is clean shaven. The head is uncovered and the helmet is not shown. He wears a cuirass having a tapul, i.e., a projecting Monumental Brasses. 99 edge, in front. To the right side of the cuirass is affixed a kind of bracket of iron in order to support the lance, whence its name — lance-rest. (80) His shouldersare protected by paldrons, which were still the fashion — but they resemble each other very closely both in size and shape ; they are rounded and have high pro- jecting edges round the neck, the left one being a little higher than the right one ; there is also a demiplaccate. The coudieres are of moderate size and plain. The skirt consists of five taces, slightly invecked in the centre ; to this skirt are attached two tuiles in front, and on the right side is seen a third, so that probably there was a fourth on his left side. Mail is shown at the neck, a skirt of the same material is also seen below the taces, and gussets of mail are at the armpits, the one under the right shoulder only being visible, Fig. 80. Lance Rest. Fairford. 1500. Fig. 81. Sabbatons. 1500. Fairford. and at the insteps. The legs are protected by plate armour, and the genouillieres have small extra plates both above and below them, the mode of fastening is shown on the left knee. The feet are encased in large wide-toed sabbatons, (81) to which 100 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. the spurs were most probably screwed. On his right side is a dagger, and on his left a sword which passes diagonally behind him. Alice wears the then fashionable kennel head-dress with plain lappets. Her gown is long and close-fitting to the body and arms ; the sleeves fit tightly at the wrists where there are deep fur cuffs slashed and reflected. The gown is cut low and square at the neck, thus displaying her kirtle over which a ribbon apparently crosses ; the kirtle fits close to the neck. The girdle is long and adorned with scroll work, it passes through a buckle on her left side and the tongue of the buckle pierces the belt but as there are no holes made for it, most probably the belt was made of woollen material and not of leather. The figures are erect with the hands joined in an attitude of prayer, John being turned slightly to his left and Alice much more to her right, she is on the left of her husband, whose effigy is larger than hers. Inscription. — On a fillet of brass at their feet is this quatrain in English : — ffor 3 bus loue prag for me | 5 nia^ not pra^ nowc prai5 sc Mitb B pater iioster anC) aue I G:bat mg pa^n^js IRelessigCt mag be. which is repeated at the end of the marginal inscription. Round the moulded edge of the slab is a narrow ribbon of brass bearing the following words cut in relief, commencing at the lower left hand corner : — ©rate pro aiiimabus 5ob(6 tTame Brmigeri et Bllcle ujoris eius qui quiOem 5obes obiit octauo Die /iftensie /iftaij a»ino J)Mii /Iftlllesimo quingentesimo et Biino IRecmi | IRegis Ibenrici Sept'i sejtoSecimo et preJJicta Blicia obiit vicesimo Die | /iRensis Decembris Bnno Domini miirimo CCCC septuagesinio primo quorum a'i'abus propicietur tie', fforjbus lou prag for mej mag not prag now prag x>c \ witb % pater noster anDe ave tbat wvq pagnes relessiS mag be. Which may be thus translated: — "Pray for the souls of John Tame, Esq., and Alice his wife, which John died on the 8th of May, A.D. 1500, and in the i6th year of King Henry Vn. And the aforesaid Ahce died on the 20th December, A.D. 1471, on whose souls may God have mercy. Heraldry. — The following account of the heraldry on the brass and in the church is taken from that most valuable and Monuuicntal Brasses. lOI interesting monograph "0« the Fnirforii Windows,"" published in 1872, by the late Rev. J. G. Joyce, M.A., F.S.A. " The armorial shield which occupies the centre of the west parapet of the tower of Fairford Church, exhibits a marked difference from the heraldry of the other three faces, as the lateness of its origin is manifest in the character of the charge. This is such as to suggest that the science of heraldry was already on the wane when these arms were first assumed. But this shield on the west parapet fills nevertheless the most important function of all in the indisputable record it perpetuates. This is a memorial of the man to whose munificence Fairford is indebted for its noble church. John Tame the merchant. " The charge which is somewhat rudely sculptured in relief is a wyvern on the dexter side, combating a lion crowned on the sinister. The same charge is repeated on a shield of quite a different shape inside the porch, on the corbel of the inner doorway on the right as one enters the church. It is particu- larly to be noticed that the one is not a mere reproduction of the other ; the two are perfectly distinct in style. "There is, however, in Fair- ford Church a different and a still later version of the arms of John Tame. It is that incised on the brasses which adorned his tomb. The arms of Tame upon the tomb (82) vary from those on the tower and in the porch. The heraldic charge upon the two latter as described above, is re- versed upon the brasses of the tomb, the beasts having changed places, so that the crowned lion occupies the dexter side in the brass. There is a second variation in the circumstances that the wyvern of the stone shields receives the addition of hind legs, and so becomes a dragon on the tomb. "All these, whether in stone or brass, are equally com- memorative of John Tame's connexion with the church, because the same arms when used by Sir Edmund his son, who Fig. 82. I02 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. completed the building, are invariably differenced by a crescent." In the paper on the ' The Tames of Fair/ord' hy Henry F. Holt, Esq., published in the Archceological Journal, 1871, is the following : — " In the year following Henry VIII. 's visit to Fairford [July 1520] , John Tame's tomb was completed by the addition of the armorial bearings granted to Sir Edmund Tame, on that occasion, and added thereto were those of the Twynihoe family, argent, a chevron g74les between three popinjays proper, (83) varying the escutcheons by arranging the several arms of the Tame and Twyn'hoe families per pale." (84) Fig. 83. Shield. 1500. Fairford. Fig. 84. Shield. 1500. Fairford. Illustrations. — Bigland vol. p. 567, Gentleman's Magazine vol. Ivii. pt. ii. p. 345, Cambridge Camden Society Illustrations. No. IV, p. 115, Portions Lost. — None. Biographical Account. — The life of Edmond Tame may be found in the following works : — Joyce (J. G.) On the Fairford Windows; Holt (H. F.) The Tames of Fairford; Cambridge Camden Society, Monutnental Brasses. John Tame married Alice, a daughter of John Twynihoe, a merchant of Cirencester. The Twynihoe coat may be seen in the Abbey Church at Cirencester. They had four children, William, Thomas, Elnore and Edmund."-^' Thomas Tame was parson of " Castel Eton." He and his sister " Dame Elnore " received bequests, to Edmond was *Of whom an account will appear Vide No, LXII. Monumental Brasses. 103 bequeathed all the property John Tame held. William's name is not mentioned in the will so he very probably predeceased his Father. John Tame's will is in P.C.C., 3 Moone. Mr. Holt tlius sums up in one paragraph his opinion upon the tradition respecting John Tame and the Fairford Windows. " It may here be convenient I should state, as the result of my researches, that I have satisfied myself — ist, that John Tame did not acquire the glass in 1492, or at any other time, by conquest or piracy ; 2nd, that he did not found Fairford Church, or dedicate it to the Virgin Mary ; 3rd, that he did not rebuild the Church; 4th, that he had nothing to do with the painted glass, and never contemplated its purchase or erection ; 5th, that the painted glass windows were expressly tnade for the Church, and not the Church for the windows; 6th, that John Tame never was Lord of the Manor of Fairford." XLi.— Cirencester. A civilian, circa 1500, mutilated, head restored, inscription gone. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the Trinity Chapel. Description. — The Rev. W. E. Hadowin his account of the Monumental Brasses at Cirencester rightly terms this a "nondescript figure," for the head evidently has no relation to the remaining portion of the figure. The body is clothed in a furred robe open above and below but closed at the waist by a girdle. The sleeves are ample and of uniform breadth ; at the wrists the hemmed sleeves of the underdress are visible. The hands are in the posture of prayer. All that is left of this brass is the body from the neck to the edge of the skirt. With this memorial may be classed another nondescript one, in which the head of a man has been fastened to a female waist ! XLiL— /lOincbinbampton. A civilian and wife, circa 1500, inscription and other wife (?) lost. Relaid, perhaps incorrectly, now in the belfrey. — Haines. Position. — On the north wall at the west end of the church. Mr. Bigland records that "in the south cross aisle are two figures with legends but no inscriptions." Size, — I ft. 6in. X ift. yin. I04 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Description. — The husband has long hair covering his ears and cut in a pointed fashion over the forehead, somewhat resembhng the kennel headdress of the wife. Not a vestige of hair adorns the face. The tunic reaches below the ankles, and is open at the neck where the wide fur edge is plainly shown ; the sleeves are very full at the wrists with deep fur cuffs. The waist is encircled by a plain girdle from which hangs a rosary, of which only four beads are visible, and a large gypciere. At the necU is seen the tight-fitting undergarment, having a little stand-up collar; the tightly-fitting sleeves with narrow cuffs of the under-dress appear at the wrists. Below the gown are seen the toes of his wide and misshapen boots or shoes. Attention has been drawn to the long pointed shoes in vogue in the XV. century; and now in the XVI. century, the fashion had gone to the other extreme, and boots and shoes were "so excessively square-toed that the law, which had formerly limited the length, was now called on to abridge the the breadth of these pedal terminations." Planches Cyclopcedia of Costume, p. 47, s.v. boot. The wife wears a pedimental headdress as described in No. 34 and her dress is very similar to that worn by Margaret Baynham, and described in the same number. It is a long flowing robe, narrow- waisted, and has tight-fitting sleeves with deep fur reflexed cuffs. The skirt has a plain edge. A long, plain girdle loosely encircles the waist, fastened by a simple buckle, through thispassestheother endofthebeltwhich almost reaches the feet and terminates in an ornamental pendant. Both the figures are erect with hands clasped in prayer ; the husband is full face and the wife is on her husband's left hand, but turned a little to her left, so that most probably there were originally two wives, one on either side of the husband. When the brasses were re-laid in a fresh stone perchance the effigy of the wife formerly on the left hand being lost, the remaming wife was by mistake put on the wrong side, and made to turn her back to her husband. Illustrations. — None known. Portions Lost.— As the brass is not in its original slab, it would be difficult to say positively what has been lost, but very likely another wife and the inscription. Mr. F. Stanley, of Margate has a rubbing shewing a scroll between husband and wife thus worded ;— De' mtscrat' ii'ri oon. «S)n wbose sowlgs 5bu baue niercv? Bmeu." At each corner of the slab is a scroll (75) on which is engraved 5'bu meres, XaDg belpe. Fig- 75- Scroll. 1501, Northleach. to6 Gloucestershire "Notes and Queries. In the middle of the slab above the husband and wife are these letters on a circular plate (76) : — R. & A., i.e., R(obert) and A(nne.) Illustration. — None known. Portions Lost. — None, and the whole brass is in splendid preservation. This memorial is mentioned bv Rev. H. Haines in his Manual I, p. ccli, n. as an instance of a brass consisting of several pieces and yet remain- ing perfect, which rarely is the case. Memoir. — His will is to be found P.C.C.BlHmyr 6. Fig. 76. Monogram. 1501, Northleach. XLiv.-®lreston. Morys Denys, Esq , son and heir of Sir Gylbert Denj^s, lord of the manors of Alveston and Irdecote, and his son Sir Walter Denys, 1505, in tabards, holding a scroll mural. — Haines. Position. — On the wall under the east window of the north aisle. Size. — 2ft. 6in. X 2ft. yin. Description. — Morys Denys (77) and Sir Walter, his son, are both in armour, similar to that worn by John Tame, but neither of the two wear spurs. Their armour consists of a cuirass, paldrons, coudieres, skirt of taces, tuiles, below these a skirt of mail appears, cuisses, genouillieres, and wide-toed sabbatons. Most of the armour is concealed by a tabard. Both the figures are kneeling on an embroidered cushion, and facing each other, Their hands are uplifted, showing the inside of the brassarts : the left hand of Morys (77) and the right hand of Sir Walter are holding a scroll on which is engraved this inscription :— /IIMSCrcnUUi ll'l't miSCremiui nostri I saltern vos tilij et anuci nostri quia | maims Domini tettgit nos. From the mouth of Morys proceeds a scroll with these words : -Diucus ct triiius bouc 5bu sis nobis 3 bus. Monumental Brasses. 107 Similarly from Sir Walter's mouth is a scroll on which is engraved the following :— ^n trilUtatC p'tecta SU UObtS requies et et'na rita. Fig. 77. Morys Denys. 1505, Olveston. Inscription. — Below the figures is a plate of brass thus inscribed : — Iber l^etb bur^eD in ^e nu&&' of tbe quere /iRorgs Dengs, Esquver, sonne an& ! beire of Sr (Bglbert Wcxvqq. IRnggbt, lorDc of tbc /llbanor ofBlvcstonanDoftbc I /Ilbanerof 5rC)ecote, anD also Sir lUlalter Denvs, 1knv?cibt, sonne anJ) beire to tbe | seiD /iRorgs Dengs, JEsquger, ge wbicbe Sr Matter Dengs, DecesseO tbe first I Dag of tbe /iftonetb of Septembre, in tbe ji'j. gere of tbc io8 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. reignc Qt Iksng Ibcnrw tbc vij., wbose soules 3bu p'5on ame. nw se tbat tbisreDe anO ^ee | of got cbarite sege.foc tbeir soules a pater uoster aiiD an ave. Heraldry. — On the tabard of Morys Denys (77) are the following armorial bearings: — "Quarterly — i . . . abend engrailed . . . between three leopard's faces, jessant de fleur delis. DENYS. — 2 . . . on a chief . . . thiee balls. — 3 Lozengy ... a chevron . . . — 4 . . a cross moline . . ." — Bigland, s. v., Olveston. No. 2 above (81) is Argent on a chief gules, three bezants, Russell, for Margaret, daugh- ter of Sir Maurice Russell, married to Sir Gilbert Denys, father of Morys Denys here commemorated. The same quarterings appear on a shield under Morys. (78) Sir Walter's tabard is charged with similar bearings, except that — 4 is "... a chevron .... between Fig. 78. Shield. 1505, Olveston. three roses . . ." — iJighllld; and the same shield is repeated beneath him. (79) Over Morys' head is a shield containing the Denys coat of arms, and (80) over Sir Walter's head is a shield charged with the RussEL coat of _ arms. (81) Illustration. — In the vol- ume of ihe. Anastatic Society's Puhlicationsior 1876 is a sketch of this interesting monument. Portions Lost. — None. Memoir. — "A pedigree in my possession says tha Sirt Walter Dennys, of Alveston, Siston, and Dyriiam, which estates respectively came into hisfamily through the heiress of Fitzwarine, Corbet, and Russel, ought on the Lancastrian Fig. 79. shield. 1505, Olveston. Monumental Brasses. log side, was taken prisoner at Redemore, near Bosworth, and had to pay a great ransom, ' his life being saved through his youngest son, John, then in the service of King Henry VII,' This Sir Walter Dennys married four times, but had no children by any of his wives excepting the second one, who was Agnes, the daughter and co-heiress of Sir Robert Danvers, or Davers, a Justice of the Common Pleas, who died 1467. Sir Fig. 80. Shield. 1505, Olveston. Fig. 81. Shield. 1505, Olveston. Walter died September i, 1505. Mis third and youngest son, John Denny's or Dennis, was settled in the parish of Puckle- church, and died, I believe, in 152 1. This John Dennis had a grandson, John Dennis of Pucklechurch, who died August 7, 1609." — H. B. Tomkins in Notes and Queries 4th, S. IV. Aug. 28, '69. p. 197. The will of Sir Walter is to be seen P.C.C. Adeane 9. XLV.— lecbla^c. John Tvvinyhoe, merchant, founder of a chantry circa 1476, deceased circa 15 10, about four children, inscription, etc. lost. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the centre of the nave. Size. — The effigy of the husband measures 3ft. 2in. by gin. Description.— ]o]\n Twinyhoe wears long hair but his face is clean shaven. His tunic reaches to his ankles and is faced no Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, with fur, a customary garment among the civiUans at the end of the 15th century and commencement of the i6th century. The large open sleeves hide the girdle which most probably he wore. The under-garment is seen at the neck, and again at the wrists, where its sleeves appear to be tightly buttoned. The feet are encased in the large square-toed shoes of the period. The figure is erect and slightly turned to his left with his hands uplifted in a prayerful attitude. Illustration. — Bigland's Gloucestershire ii. p. 144. Portions Lost. — The effigies of his wife and children, together with the marginal inscription, two scrolls, and four plates, on which were most probabh- the evangelistical symbols, have disappeared. The matrix of his merchant's mark shews that his ' mark' was ' in the shape of a tau cross com- bined with a Latin cross. (82) Biographical Account. — In the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 14 Fig. 82. Merchant's Mark. Logge (1485) occurs the will of John c 1510, Lechiade. Twinyhoe of Cirencester. XLVi . -/iDincbinbampton. John Hampton, gent., 1556, and wife Elyn in shrouds, with 6 sons and 3 daughters (^the eldest dame Alice), engraved circa 1510. — Haines. Position. — Rudder, in his History of Gloucestershire, 1799, records that this monument was on a flat stone in the north aisle ; but it is now to be found affixed to the north wall at the west end of the church. Size. — 4ft. X 2ft. 3in. Description. — Though the date on this brass is 1556, Mr. Haines in his Manual says that it was engraved about 1510, and the date 1556 subsequently added. This memorial presents a marked contrast to all those which have been previously described in these columns. On all the brasses hitherto noticed, the effigies of the persons Fig. 83. John Hampton. C 1510, Minchinhampton. 112 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. represented were engraven as they appeared in life, but John and Elyn Hampton are represented in their shrouds. The shrouds are tied above and below the figures, which are recumbent " In an attitude of prayer," but the head of the husband is turned a little to his left (83), and the head of the wife is turned a little to her right ; the wife being on her husband's left hand. On the Continent it was customary to represent the deceased enshrouded, even as early as the commencement of the 14th century. An example may be seen at Bruges of the date 1339, and very probably this fashion was introduced from the Continent into England, where the fashion found much favour. Below the inscription are two groups of children, six sons under the father, and three daughters under the mother. The eldest son is clothed in the garb of a monk (84). This is very interesting, as the brasses of monks are seldom met with. This is not to be wondered at considering the vows made by them on entering the Order, and especially the one of poverty by which they were bound. This son, whose name is is not given, wears the tonsure, and closely cropped hair, a large hood or cowl, and a long vestment with long open sleeves similar to the surplice-sleeves of that date. The remaining four sons wear a loose-fitting gown, without fur facings. The sleeves are ample and very wide at the wrist Their hair is long. The eldest daughter Alice is dressed as a nun (85). She wears the veil headdress, a ca[ie over her shoulders, a mantle open in front revealing her gown with tight sleeves? and girt by a loose hip girdle, from which hangs in front a rosary of 14 beads. The other two daughters were probably young at the time of the execution of the brass, or had died young, for they are represented bareheaded with flowing hair, reaching below Fig. 84. Eldest Son. C 1510, Minchinhampton. Fig. 85. Alice Hampton. C 1510, Mincliinhampton. Monumental Brasses. 113 the waist. Their gowns fit the body well, with close sleeves. All the children are erect with hands upraised in prayer, the sons being turned a little to their left to face the daughters who are turned to their right ; the eldest son and daughter being of a larger size than the others. Inscription. — On a plate of brass beneath the effigies is this inscription : — ®f SO cl3arite prav? for tbc soules of ^oIdii Ibampton cientilman, Blgn bis wpf I all tbeir cbil^rcn, specially? for tbe 50ulc of Dame Blicc HDamptoii bis Daucib I fcr, wbicbe was ric]bt bcncftctall to tbis cbiircb, pMsb, wbicbe 5obn DccesseD | in tbc sere of o' lorD iiv ccccclpj, on wbosc soules ibu banc niercv. anicn. The letters clvj were evidently added at a later period, so that the brass may have been engraved at an earlier date even than that assigned by Mr. Haines, perhaps at the end of the 15th century. Illustration. — Dame Alice will be found in Haines' Manual i., Ixxxvii. Portions Lost. — None. Memoir. — Sir R. Atkyns (p. 237) says that John Hampton was High Sheriff of Gloucestershire in the reign of King Edward II. Sir R. Bigland (ii., p. 6), quoting Fuller, reports that "in 1314, King Edward H., John de Hampton was Sheriff of this county, and was continued for four years." A Sir William Hampton was sheriff of London in 1462, and Mayor in 1472. Fosbroke Gloucestershire i., 375, records that " Amberley is a large tract of common given to poor house- keepers by the supposed benefaction of Alice Hampton, daughter of John Hampton," and, according to Bigland, " her Will or Deed of Gift is said to be preserved among the Tower Records." " The monastery of Syon was founded by Henry V. in 1414. It was established according to the modified order of St. Saviour and St. Bridget. As the monastery had the manor of Minchinhampton granted it by its founder, it is most probable that Dame Alice Hampton was a member of that society." — Haines i., Ixxxviii. XLVH.-Cbeltenbam. [Sir William Greville, of Arle Court, justice of Common 114 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Pleas], 1513, and wife [daughter of— — ?] with 3 sons and 8 daughters. Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On the floor near the font, it was originally in the chancel, and in its present position it is liable to much injury for it is at the bottom of a step. Size. — 4 ft. 2 in. X 2 ft. 8 in. Description. — In this county are four " brasses " commem- orating judges, viz., Sir John Cassy, Deerhurst, 1400 ; Sir John Juyn. Bristol, St. Mary Redchffe, 1439 ; Sir William Greville, and John Brook, St. Mary Redcliffe, 1522. This brass is so much worn, that it is with great difficulty that the various lines incised on its surface can be determined. On his head Sir William wears the coif which became a distinguishing feature in the costume of a serjeant-at-law. But the Judicature Act has extinguished that order, and all judges created since 1873 have their white wigs unspotted with that circular black patch, which was one of the relics of the middle ages. Following the custom of the times Sir William's hair is long, reaching to his shoulders. Round his neck is a tippet, and he wears a long robe with narrow sleeves, and over it a mantle fastened on the left shoulder. The shoes are large and round-toed. There seems to be a gypciere, but the brass is too much worn to distinguish it plainly. His lady wears the then fashionable pedimental headdress, a long close-fitting gown, tight sleeves with deeply reflexed fur cuffs, and a loose hip girdle. Under Sir William are three sons, in long tunics, with large bell sleeves. The hair is reaching the shoulders but cut to form a fringe across the forehead ; the shoes are wide. Beneath the wife are eight daughters dressed somewhat similar to their mother ; but the robe is not so long, and thus it may be noticed that the girls as well as the boys wore wide-toed shoes. All the figures are erect, with hands clasped n\ prayer. Sir William is turned to his left to look towards his wife who is turned to her right. In like manner the sons are turned to their left and the daughters to their right. Illustrations. — None known. Portions Lost. -More than half of the marginal inscription. The whole brass is very much worn. Monumental Brasses. 1 1 5 Inscription. — Round the verge are these words : — *• anO Slavgbter wblcbc Milliam &ece6si& tbc ij Da^ I of /Dbarcbe tbc iiij'" gerc of tbe reic?nc of Hjing IF^eiirg tbe viij." This stone has been utihsed at a later date by the addition of a brass plate (16 in. X 11^ in.) bearing this inscription : — " Neare lieth ye Body of Elizabeth Wife of William French Gent & daughter of ye Rev. James Ingram D.D. & formerly Rector of Whittington in this County she died ye last of his Fourteen Children on ye loth of Septr in ye 65th year of her age, and in ye year of our Lord 1727. Also ye body of Margarett the daughter of ye abovesaid Eliz. French she died the 15 March 1729 aged 44." Biographical Account. — "William Greville, son of Richard Greville, Esq., of Leamington in Gloucestershire, attained the sergeant's coif in November, 1504. He was made a judge of the Common Pleas on May 21st, 1509, i Hen. VHI., and so remained till 15 13, when he died, and was buried in Cheltenham Church, where there is a monument to his memory." — Foss, yiidges of England, p. 311. 17 Mar., 1513, Letter to Abp. of Canterbury, Chancellor — Walter Rowdon to be keeper of the Rolls in the Co. of Gloucester, vice Wm. Grevile, late justice of the Common Pleas. Fosbrooke (H. 374) says that " Arle near Cheltenham belonged to a family which took their name from that place. Robert Greville married — daughter and co-heiress of John Arle {Hart MS. 6174) and sold this estate to his brother William, a judge of the Common Pleas, 2 Hen. VHL, whose sole daughter and heiress took it to Sir Richard Lygon. (Lygon Pedigree in Nash's Worcestershire, &c.) " His will is in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 12 Fetiplace. XLVHL— Bisle^. Katherine, wife of Thomas Sewell, 15 15, with five sons and seven daughters. Nave. — Haities, ii6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Po'iition. — On a ledger stone close to the north side of the Chancel Arch. Size. — 3 ft. X I ft. 6 in. Description. — ^This lady is attired in the usual dress of the times. She is represented full face, and consequently only the long front lappets of her kennel headdress are shewn : they are plain and reach half way down the arms, concealing the shoulders. As in the preceding examples the gown is tight- fitting, and cut low at the neck, where is a border of fur. The sleeves are of uniform breadth, fittmg closely to the wrist ; the cuffs are of fur, slashed underneath, and long enough to reach nearly to the elbow. At the neck is seen the kirtle beneath the gown. Beneath the lower fur border of the skirt of the gown peep the tips of her large round-toed shoes. The waist is encircled by a loose hip girdle, long and fastened in front. The pendant and buckle are made of ornamental metal work ; and the tongue of the latter passes behind the embroidered front of the girdle, probably through loops made in the back to receive it. Beneath the inscription are two groups of children, five sons on the left and seven daughters on the right. The sons have long hair, loose tunics reaching to the ankle and open in front with wide sleeves. The daughters are represented bare headed, and the hair of the last reaches far below her waist : they wear long gowns but high necked. Both the sons and daughters are wearing the then fashionable round-toed shoes. The figures are all erect, with hands in a prayerful attitude, the sons being turned a little to their right, and the daughters a little to their left. Inscription. — Beneath the figure is a plate of brass on which is engraved this inscription : — Ipra^ for tbe soule of Ifvatergn Sewell late tbe M\2f of {r(3oma6 Sewell. wbicbe Ikatervn 5c= cesseJ) tbe viij Dag of January tbe gere of o' lorC> /libv^jv, ow vvbose soule Jbu baue mercg, ame. Illustration.— None known. Portions Lost. — None. Biographical Account. — According to Rudder, she lived at Ferrie's Court, near Upper Lypiatt. In the P.C.C. 23 Spert is the will of Thomas Sewell of Strode, dated 1543. Monumental Brasses. 117 XLix. Bastinoton. Elizabeth [daughter of Sir William] Knevet [1518] in heraldic mantle, marginal inscription mutilated ; chancel. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone in front of the altar rails. Size. — 4 ft. 8 in. X I ft. 8 in. Description. — Elizabeth Knevet wears the pedimental head dress with the front lappets embroidered with quatrefoils. It may have been noticed that knights and squires occasion- ally displayed their armorial bearings on the tabard which they wore over their armour, e.g., Morys Denys and his son Sir Walter, wear tabards. Ladies, too, wore arms on their dresses, and more especially on the mantle. This mantle is fastened by a cord which passes through the loops at the back of the fermailes, and hangs down in front, the two ends terminating in tassels. Not much is to be seen of the underdress, the cuffs and collar are made of fur. The shoes are large and round-toed (87). Heraldry. — The brass of Elizabeth Knevet (now being described) is quoted by Mr. Haines [Manual, i., p. cxiii.) as " a good example of a lady in an heraldic mantle." It bears the following arms — " Quarterly i, Argent, a Bend Sable, within a Bordure engrailed Azure, Knevet. 2, Argent, a Bend Azure, and chief Gules, Cromwell. 3, Chequy Or and Gules, a chief Ermine, Tatshall. 4, Chequy Or and Gules, a Bend Ermine, De Cailly or Clifton. 5, Paly or six within a Bordure bezante .... 6, Bendy of six, a Canton. . ." — Bigland's Gloucestershire, p. 539. At each corner is a coat of arms ; Nos. I and 4 (86) are on ordinary shields, 2 and 3 on lozenges. Nos. I and 3 (86) are charged with the same bearings as are on her mantle. No. 2 on a lozenge quarterly. I, Knevet. 2, Cromwell. 3, Tatshall. 4, CailJi. 5, De Woodstock. 6, Paly of six within a bordure. 7, Bendy of six, a canton. 8, or a chevron gules, Stafford. o. Azure, a Bend Fig. 86 Shield 1518. ^ . ' , , •'■' . ^ ' , ' Eastiington. cotised between six Lioncels rampant, AiS^iBSOA Fig. 87. Klizah^fh Knevef. 15 iS, I'.Hsiingion. Monumental Brasses. iig or De Bohun. No. 4 similar to No. i, with the omission of 2 and 3. Inscription. — Round the verge was the following inscription, the portion now missing, in brackets, being supplied from Bigland :— Ibeic l\?etb I EU^abctb IRncvct, Dauob[tcr of Sir Wi\\\ Ikncvct] hiiiobt wbicbc JEli^abctb &ecc63e& tbc first C>a\? of IRovcmbrc in 1 [tbe gcre ot our XorD (30(> /ift.S). an^ i-viii. ©n wbose soule Jesu bave /lfterc\2. Bincn.] Illustratiou. — Haines' Manual, i., p. cxiii. Fig. 88. Shield. 15 18, Eastington. Fig. 89. Shield. 1 518, Eastington. Portions Lost. — Part of the inscription. Memoir. — " She was the daughter of Sir William Knevet, Knight, of Buchenham Castle, in the county of Norfolk, by Joan, his second wife, sister of Edward, Duke of Buckingham, commonly styled Lady Beaumont." — Bloviefield's Norfolk. vol. i., p. 257. The will of Sir William Knevet is in the P.C.C. F iS Holder. L.— (Gloucester. St. /IDicbael. William Henshawe, bell-founder [5 times] mayor [1503- 1520] and wives Alys 1519, and Agnes, male effigy and about three sons and three daughters lost. Nave. — Haines. Position. — -Originally on a ledger stone in the Nave, but now affixed to the west W^all of the south aisle. I20 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Size. — 2 ft. II in. X 2 ft. 6 in. There is now only 6 in. space between the wives ; but before the memorial was moved from the floor there was a space of 14 in. between them. Description. —Rev . W. C. Lukis, M.A., F.S.A., in his very- interesting paper on The Bell-Foundry at Gloucester, which appeared in " Tlie journal of the British ArcJiceologicnl Association," 1871, gives the following particulars : — " It is remarkable how little information of a positive kind has come down to us respecting bell-founders prior to the reign of Henry VIII. We have to feel our way in the dark in the pursuit of faint glimmerings of facts, and frequently meet with disappointment where we hoped to be satisfied. We should like to gaze upon a mediaeval bell founder of the West of England, to study his physiognomy and to notice any peculiarity in his dress ; and in Gloucester we meet with disappointment. In St. Michael's Church William Henshaw was buried, and a sepulchral brass records the decease of his first wife Alice. The brass was laid down in the husband's lifetime and a space was left for the date of his own decease. The figures of the two wives remain, but that of the founder exists no longer. " Fortunately we have examples at Norwich of brass effigies of two bell-founders named Brasyer, of the exact date of William Henshawe, and from these we may obtain a notion of his figure. There is nothing to distinguish the bell-founder from civilians of the period. He is habited in long furred robe, and wears very broad-toed shoes. He is represented with his hands raised in prayer ; and from his girdle hangs a rosary on the left side, and a gypciere or pouch on the right. His hair is flowing to his shoulders, parted in the middle, and cut square over the eyebrows. In the North of England is another example of a bell-founder's portrait, viz., in the curious and most interesting 'bell window' in the north aisle of York Minster. This window is of three lights, and in the lower compartment of the centre one is a representation of Richard Tunnock, bell-founder, on his knees, making an offering of the window to the Archbishop of York, who is seated in front of him. A label bears the founder's name, and his craft is designated by a bell upon his pouch, and he carries a bell in his right hand. Monuiiicntal Brasses. 121 " As a set off to the disappointment alluded to, I am able to say that through the civility of Mr. Ferry, of Eastgate street, I saw, about ten years ago, a portion of William Henshawe's house, in which, if it still exist, there is a large room with a panelled ceiling of the 15th century, and also his coat of arms in a window of the same room. I expected to meet with a disappointment at that period, for I was told not to put any faith in Counsell's statement (see his History of Gloucester) that the bell-founder's arms are still preserved in two windows there. One shield, however, remains in a window as stated above, and the other I found in a dark cellar, somewhat mutilated, but in sufficiently good preser- vation to show what it was, viz., azure on a chevron between three lozenges argent, the same number of bells sable, and above them a laver pot.''' It is probable that the shield remaining in the window is a model of the original one which I found in the cellar, and that the remnant is one of the two alluded to by Counsell. At a comparatively recent period the shield seems to have been repaired, and the tincture of the field, perhaps, changed from gules to azure, gules being the tincture given by Burke as belonging to Henshawe's arms." Though the effigy of the husband has disappeared, yet the effigies of his two wives still remain. They are dressed very similarly with the exception of the belt. They wear the kennel headdress : — then it was the custom to hide as far as practicable all the hair on a woman's head, not even a stray curl was allowed to betray the natural wealth, so that brown locks and golden were equally out of fashion, artificial adorn- ments were in vogue, not to aid the natural ones, but even to conceal them altogether. The lappets of their headdresses are richly embroidered with a diaper pattern and are long. A close-fitting gown with a high bodice and tight sleeves encases each, and falls in folds from the waist to the ground. Its lower edge is adorned with fur, and the cuffs are also purfled with the same. Beneath the gown emerge just the tips of their wide square-toed shoes. A broad embroidered band hangs loosely round the hips of each. On the lady to the left it is short and terminates in three rosettes, from * Mr. Lukis says in a foot-note that he "had these shields releaded, and returned them to Mr. Ferry and I trust," he adds, " that they have been treated with proper respect." 122 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. which hangs a short chain to which is fastened an ornament. On the lady to the right the girdle is long, the tongue passes behind the front of the buckle and reaches nearly to the feet and finishes in a long pendant. The ladies are both erect and looking towards each other with hands in ihe supplicating attitude so usual. Inscription.— On the plate of brass beneath them is the following legend : Iprai? for tbesoull of MillMn fbcnsbawe JSelfouiiDer, an& late maicc of tbis tTowiic, aiiD Bl^s I anC) Bgnes bis wgfes, tbe vvbicbe TlClUrm DeccsaeDtbe Oag of in tbe kc I of our lorO (BoO a tbousanD CCCCC Si tbe seiD Bigs DeceseeD tbe secon&e Da^ of 1 ffebruarg, tbe gere of or lor& ml v>c il£ for wbose soules of sor cbarite sag a pater nost' & a ave. Illustrations. — I know of none. Portions Lost. — The effigies of husband and children. The Rev. H. Haines, M.A. (Manual i. cxxx.) records that " the device of a bell and melting pot on three legs " was on this brass. Memoir. — William Henshawe was a bell-founder, but in Church Bells of Gloucestersliire, by Rev. H. T. Ellacombe, M.A., there is no mention of any bells cast by him. Henshav/e was Sheriff of Gloucester in 1496 and 1501, and Mayor in 1503, 1508, and 1509. The Rev. VV. C. Lukis is of an opinion that the fifth and sixth bells in the cathedral, and the curfew bell of St. Nicholas Churcii were cast by him. In the Letters of Henry VHI. vol. i, p. 191, the recognisance of William Henshawe of Gloucester, bell-founder to appear before the Council is cancelled, 25 Oct., 1510. LI.— /nMucbinbampton. Edward Halyday, 1519, and wife Margery, with merchant's mark. — Haines. Position.-— On the north wall in the tower. Size. — 3 ft. 9 in. X I ft. 8 in. Husband, 3 ft. high. Wife, 2 ft. 6 in. high. Description. — Edward Halyday has long clubbed hair covering the ears with a fringe, and he is clean shaven. His outer garment consists of a long loose gown reaching to his ankles ; it is thrown open both above and below the waist, Monumental Brasses. 123 exposing to view the fur lining. The sleeves of the gown are loose, and hanging round the cuffs is a broad band of fur. Beneath this gown the underdress is seen fitting closely to the neck, and the tight-fitting sleeves of the same are to be seen at the wrists. He wears broad toed shoes which are fastened across the instep. Margery Halyday is represented in the then fashionable kennel or pedimental headdress, the left hand front lappet is the only one shown and this is embroidered. She wears a tight-fitting dress, with a narrow collar, the lower portion is so arranged in folds as to show the toes of her round shoes. The sleeves have large reflex cuffs lined with fur. The broad loose hip-girdle instead of being buckled, terminates in three rosettes, from these hangs a metal chain to which is fastened a metal pendant. The figures are disproportionate in size, the effigy of the wife hardly reaching to her husband's shoulder. They are both erect, with hands together in supplication. Edward Halyday is full face, whilst Margery is turned to her right so as to look towards her husband. The merchant's mark (90) is engraved on a disk, and consists of a double cross on a globe with E. H. on the sides. When the brass was relaid this disk was turned upside down. Probably at the same time the scrolls proceeding from the mouths of both of the figures disappeared. When ,, i^'S-?°- , ® ^^ Merchant s Mark. Mr. J. D. T. Niblett rubbed this brass in 1519 1868 the labels had not then disappeared, Mmchinhampton. and he very kindly told me that on the man's were these words : — Misere inei de scdm magna tn'coniia tua. On his wife's were: — Illuiet vultu sun sup' uos c&» mis'eatr n'ri., i.e., Let his countenance lighten upon us and pity us. Inscription. — Beneath the figures is a brass plate on which is engraved the following two-line inscription : — QU Bor cbarite prag for tbe soule of JEDwarD flDal^Dasc an& /IRarger^ I bi0 WBf wbicb BDwaiDe DecessiD tbe vj Oag of aprill B° Mii /iRodd^xCC il£. Illustrations. — None known. Portions Lost. — Tlie scrolls mentioned above. Memoir. — The wills of both Edward and Margery Halyday 124 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. are in the P.C.C., the former being 20 AylofFe (1519) and the latter 32 Fetiplace (1514.) LiL— Deerbuvst. A lady circa 1520, not recorded by Rev. H. Haines. Position. — On the floor at the east end of the North Aisle. Size. — 2 ft. 5 in. X 8 in. Description. — She is wearing the kennel, pedimental or diamond shaped headdress, in all its wonted stiffness and angularity ; the lappets are adorned with a check pattern. The body is clothed m the tight-fitting dress of the period fastened in front, at the fastening from the waist upward is a narrow edge of fur, which is continued round the neck. The sleeves are tight-fitting, Avith deep reflex cuffs lined with fur. At the neck is seen the plaited top of her underdress. Round the hips hangs a broad loose girdle fastened by two rosettes in front from them depends a long chain at the end of which is a pomander (91). The figure is full-faced with hands in prayer. Illustrations.— None known. Portions Lost. — All that remains is a three-quarier lengtli of a female figure ; of what the original memorial consisted is unknown. This portion was found during the restoration of the church by the rector, Rev, G. Butterworth, M.A. Liii.— 2)ow^esvvcU. A priest circa 1520, in cope with two evangelistic symbols, inscription lost, re\si\d.— Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone in the chancel. Size. — 3 ft. 8 in. X I ft, 7 in. Description. — His hair is long, covering the ears and clubbed, it is cut straight across the forehead, and the tonsure, though slight, is clearly shown. The priest is habited in processional vestments, viz., a long flowing cassock reaching to the ground and entirely concealing the feet, a full plaited surplice rather shorter with immense sleeves, around the neck tiie almuce, and over all a cope fastened across the breast by a square morse (92). Fig. 91. Pendant, c 1520 Deerhurst. Monmncntal Brasses. 125 The cope is very sli.c^htly longer than the surplice and is richly diapered with fleur de lys in lozenges ; the orphrey is adorned with a zigzag pattern. Rudder in his History says " the figure is not represented in the dress of an ecclesiastic, but in a robe semee with mullets and fleur de lis, which denote him to be of the family of Rogers ; " whilst Bigland asserts that the " robe is diapered with roses and fleur de lis inserted in the interstices, but no mullets as has been said." He adds that " the ingenious Mr. Gough [Sepulchral Mon. p. 157] asserts it to be the exact counterpart of Robert Eglesfield.* founder of Queen's College, Oxford, only smaller, who died in xiv. century." ' „. ., ' -^ ' _ -; . I' ig 92 Morse. The morse (92) or brooch is engraved with c 1520. a rose en soleil. Beneath the sleeves of the Dowdesweii. cassock are visible at the wrists the tightly fitting sleeves of an under vestment, fastened underneath. The priest is full face with hands in prayer. Below are two panels with a margin of quatrefoils contain- ing the evangelistic symbols i of St. Matthew and St. Luke. Illustration. — None. Portions Lost. — Inscription and the two symbols of St. Mark and St. John. i\/^/;/o//'.— Atkyns calls it "an effigies, in brass of an abbot of Hayles," which is denied by Rudder, who, as may be seen above, thinks it belongs to a civilian of the Rogers family. The late Rev. T. P. Wadley, very kindly sent me the following notes Avith respect to this brass. A subsidy roll in the Bishop's Registry at Worcester, dated 1513, gives under Dowdesweii : — " Sir William Woodivarde, rector (taxed) xxs. Sir Gervnze CauHon chaplain vjs. viijd. Canton-Canerton ? or Caverton ? " In the library at Lambeth Mr. Wadley found in Archbishop Morton's register, folio 12, that Sir John Choo is mentioned as rector of the church or curate of tlie chapel of Dowdesweii in the year 1487, so that this brass may com- memorate one of the foregoing priests. * This is an error of Gough"s. The figure at Queen's College represents Dr. Kobert Langton. c. 15 iS. f Vide No. XI, Qiiiuton. 126 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Liv.— ikempsfor^. Walter Hichman, 1521, and wife Cristyan, with four sons, Thomas, John (both lost), Robert, John. Marginal inscription. Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone on the south side of the Communion Table. Size. — '] ft. II in. X 3 ft. 3 in. Description. — Walter Hichman wears his hair long, and so cut as if to form a square border for the face. In accordance with the custom of that century he is clean shaven. The outer garment consists of a long gown lined with fur: thrown open across the shoulders and also open down the front, the sleeves are long and wide, turned back at the wrists where the fur lining is shown. The gown is loose and unconfined by a girdle. The underdress has embroidered collar and sleeves ; the skirt reaches nearly to the knees, and a narrow band keeps it in place at the waist ; the rest is hidden by the gown. Tight-fitting stockings encase the legs, and low shoes with wide toes complete his attire. The figure is bare- headed, erect, and slightly inclmed to his left to look towards his wife. Cristyan Hichman wears the widow's cap, over which is thrown the veil headdress, so that very probably she survived her husband. Her dress is tight-fitting with a narrow collar. It is long but so arranged as to shov/ the tips of her wide- toed shoes. She has a hip girdle fastened in front by three rosettes, from which no pendant hangs, as was usually the custom. Like her husband she is erect with hands upraised in prayer. Beneath were the efEgies of four sons, but two have dis- appeared ; the remaining two are dressed smiilar to their father, but without the fur lining to the gown. Merchilm s^Mark. Above the representations of husband 1521. Kenipsiord. and wife is a plate containing the mer- chant's mark (93) : — a double tau cross on a triangle. At each corner of the marginal inscription is a circular disk on which is engraved an evangelistic symbol. Moinimental Brasses. 127 Inscription. — (A winded cii!>ic) Off ^ourc cbacitc prap for tbc soule of Malt, I (ail aniid) ibicbiimn bcre burgO wbicb DeceseiD tbc £jv>ljtb Dav) of September, tbe jiiitb v?ere of tbe reign of 1R\2ng Ibenr^ tbe viijtb 2lnno &nt— (w"/'i'<'/ "v) /iftillmo CCCdCo ui^Si for tbe soule of Qviet^mx -iiinriiicd Hon) bis wpffe wbicb baJ) to 0cJ>6' iiij soimes vi3., C^bom's, Jobn, IRobert an& 5obti, on wbois soulcs S, all iren* I soul ibu bave niercg.— Bmen. Illustration . — None. Portions Lost. — The two effigies of the children under the husband, and his left toe ; otherwise the brass is in splendid preservation. Memoir. — His will is to be seen in the P.C.C. 20 Maynwaring. LV.-Bristol. St. /IDarp lRc&cUtf. John Brook, sergeant-at-law and justice of assize in the West of England for Henry VHI., also chief steward of the Monastery of Glastonbury, 1522, and wife Joan, daughter and heiress of Richard Amerike. Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On ledger stone in chancel. Size. — 3 ft. 6 in X 2 ft. 9 in. Description. — His head is wholly covered by a cap or coif, which seems to be fastened beneath the chin. His hair is long and flowing, and is seen on his shoulders escaping from beneath the coif, and again it appears as a narrow fringe over the forehead. The face is clean shaven, and he is represented as an old man by the wrinkles shown. He wears his official robes as a sergeant-at-law, which were very similar to the judicial costume of the period; though sergeants-at-law were not allowed to wear the mantle or minever. Across his shoulders is a tippet, and over it a hood, from which depended two labels behind. His outer gown reaches below the knees, and is much plaited ; the sleeves of it are very deep, but there is no fur lining shown. At the wrists are the closely buttoned sleeves of his underdress, the skirt of which comes below his gown and reaches his ankles. The feet are shod with the then fashionable round-toed shoes. The dress of his wife is in the fashion which prevailed at the period ot her death. She wears the kennel headdress, the "Christian. 128 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. front lappets being embroidered. The tight-fitting gown sits close up to the neck, with a turn-down pointed collar : the fur cuffs are pointed and long, reaching to the elbows. The gown is arranged in folds over her feet, so as to show the toes of her wide shoes. Round her hips hangs loosely an embroidered girdle, the fastening in front is concealed by two rosettes; from these depends a chain, to which is attached a metal pomander. Both husband and wife are erect with hands joined in prayer, the husband bemg slightly turned to his left looking towards his wife, who is doing the same. Inscnption. — The figures stand on a plate of brass bearing this inscription: — fbic iacet Corpus Dencrabilis viri Job'is JSroof? quonOam se'uient' aO legem Jllustrissinii | prmcipis fellcis memorie TRegis Ibenrici ©ctaui et Jnsticiam eiUsOem iRegls a& assisas in | p*tlb3 occi^entalib6 aiiglie ac Capitalis Senescalli illius bonorrabilis Ooimis ct nionas I taiij JSeatc iTlbarie De Olasconiain Com' Som'cett qui qui^emjobes obijt iiv" Die /Hben I 6is Decembris anno Ci'ni milfcsimo quingentesimo ixxf et iujta eum IRequiescit 5obanna | uior cms una filiaru et bereDu IRicbar&i amerike quo5 aiab3 p'picietur Dens. 2lmen. It may be rendered into Enghsh thus : — " Here lies the body of that venerable man John Brook, sergeant-at-law of that most illustrious prince of happy memory King Henry VHL, and Justice of Assize for the same King in the western parts of England, and Chief Steward of the honorable house and monastery of the Blessed Mary of Glastonbury, in the County of Somerset, which John died on the 25th day of the month of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand five hundred and twenty-two. And near him rests Johanna his wife, one of the daughters and heirs of Richard Amerike, on whose souls may God have mercy. Amen.' Heraldry. — The arms are stated by Barrett to be " gules, on a chevron wavy argent three fleur-de-lis." Illnstratioiis. — None. Portions Lost. —Seemingly none, and the brass is in excellent condition; yet Mr. Justin Simpson says that there was "at the lower dexter corner— Baron and femme the first of two coats per pale, Cobham of Cobham, a crescent for difference, and the second gules on a chevron argent a lion rampant sable crowned or, armed and Jangued of the first Brook impaling quarterly, Cobham, second and third argent seven mascles conjoined 3, 3 and i gules Braybrook, fourth Brook." Moimniental Brasses. 129 Memoir. — The inscription gives a short account of John Brook, whose son David was a judge ; David was born at Glastonbur}', so that very probably John liad settled there. In 1500 John Brook's father lived at Canynge House in Redcliff street, Bristol. Lvi.— iRewent (also (Siuet)gele^ anb 1bemp5tea^.) Roger Porter, Esq., 1523, small, South Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone of Purbeck marble at the east end of the south chancel. Size. — The height of the figure is 17^ inches. Description. — Roger Porter is represented bare headed with long hair and in the armour of the period. His face is clean shaven. His armour consists almost wholly of plate, though mail is shown at the armpits and insteps, in addition he wears a skirt of mail below his tuiles. A steel gorget encircles his throat, while over each shoulder the upper edges of the paldrons are curved outwards in such a degree as to prevent the head from being struck off by a sweeping horizontal blow. The breast-plate has atapul, and to it is fastened a short skirt of taces to which are buckled four ornamental tuiles, three of which are shown. The arms are encased in plate with large coudieres, but the hands are left bare. The cuisses and jambarts are plain but thegenouilieres are large. In the heels of his broad-toed steel sabbatons are screwed his rowelled spurs ; straight by his left side hangs his sword whilst a dagger is fixed to his right side. The figure is erect slightly turned to his left and with hands raised in prayer. Inscription. — Beneath his feet is a long narrow plate of brass bearing these words : — ©f ^our cbaritv pra\? for tbe soull of IRoger iporter Bsquser \vb I gcb TRoqcv DiseaBBD itbe jv Day of Spriell tbe ^cvc of our lor& I ©oJ) /llbDcjsiii on wbosc eoull ibu bave mercy. Bmen. Heraldry. — At the four corners of the stone were four shields, those on his left have disappeared, the ones on his right (94) are thus charged : — " Quarterly ist and 4th, Gules five merlions in saltire Shield. New en t. 130 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. argent, Porter. 2nd and 3rd, Argent three bars sable all over all as many ropes coiled, or, Albany, " The late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett. F.S.A.. of Haresfield Court furnished the above particulars of the Porter coat of arms. Illtistrations. — None. Portions Lost. — Two shields. Memoir. — Roger Porter was one of the Commissioners for Gaol Dehvery at Gloucester Castle, 29 Oct., 151 1. His will is in P.C.C. 7 Bodfelde, gUEDGELEY. This memorial consists of a shield with an inscription beneath in black letter. Inscription. — The inscription beneath the shield is : mere tbls place Igetb bur^eD ge bodies of jFreDeswiD porter S. iHbarg porter Dougbters to Brtbur porter JEsquver anJ) Bl^s bis Ximgfte Bno /DbUDcjjsij ow wbose soules an& all cristen 5bu bave mercB ame | Heraldry. — The shield (95) is Porter impaling Arnold : 1. Porter Gules, five mer- lions wings m saltire Argent. 2. Hayward, Argent three helmets close Sable. 3. Albany, Argent three bars Sable over all as many ropes coiled Or. 4. Porter, as before. i. Arnold, Gules a chevron Ermine between three pheons Or. 2. Madoc-ap-Ryn, Gules, a chevron between three hawks lures Argent. 3. Madoc-ap-Ryn, *ig- 95- Shield. 1532 Quedgeley. as before. 4 Arnold, as before HEMPSTEAD. A similar shield on the memorial to Nicholas Porter ; the legend being : •fflcre tbis place l^etb bur^e^ tbe boD^es cf iWicbolas porter, Ibenr^, IRoger, an& IRicbolas, junr. Cccillg aiiD JBriDcji^ sonns aiiD Oaucibters to Brtbur porter, JEsqugr anO Blv?6 bis wife BH>. /IRlDcjlii] on wbose soules 5bu bave m'c^. The Porters attended the Visitations of Gloucestershire in 1583 and 1623. Monumental Brasses. 131 LviL— H)eerburst. Elizabeth, daughter of Thomas Bruges, Esq., of Coverle', and wife of William Cassey, of Whyghtfylde, and then of Walter Rowdon, Esq., 1525, inscription lost. North aisle. — Haines. Position. — On the floor at the east end of the north aisle. Size. — The height of the figure is 2 ft. 11 in. Description. — This brass affords a good illustration of the changes (though slight) which were made in ladies' attire about the year 1525. The front angular lappets of the formal kennel headdress still remain, in this example they are much shorter than the last ones described, and they are adorned with a diamond pattern. The hair appears to have been kept in place by a roll or caul which was also " penthouse ' shaped and a narrow frill was worn down each side of the face. She wears a necklet fastened in front and from which hangs a square pendant. Her gown is cut at the neck, the sleeves are wide at the wrist, and very probably stiffened to keep them in the constrained position shown. Beneath are close-fitting sleeves striped longitudinally, and often richly embroidered, while graceful frills encircle the wrist. Mr. Haines remarks that " it is perhaps uncertain whether these sleeves were added to the partlet, or to an undergarment termed a waistcoat." The skirts are long enough to conceal her feet. A highly adorned girdle, fitting more tightly than the last examples, keeps the gown in place ; the fastening consists of a single rosette from which dangles a long chain with a pomander at the end. " A bob of gold Which a pomander ball does hold This to her side she does attach By a gold crochet of French pennache." Miiiidiis Muliebiis, The pomanders were used for containing scent or preservation against infection and even a metal ball for warming the hands. In a church in Normandy is still shown the "pomander " which was used by the priest officiating in the early morning in winter to keep his hands warm. It consisted of a hollow sphere of perforated metal work in which a heated iron or even brick ball was inserted. In the volumes of the 132 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. A rchceolos^ical jfoiu iial there occur several noticesof pomanders, e.g., vol. vii., p. 98, xi., pp. 79, 80, &c., and they are often to be seen in collections of archaeological objects. She is represented erect, full-face, with hands upraised in prayer. Inscription. — This is preserved by Bigland : — Here lyethe Elyzabeth Rowdon, snmtyme Wyffe to Wyll'm Cassey, of IVhyghtfyliie, Esqiiyev, after the Dethe jf the sayde Wyll'm was married to Walter Rowden, Esqnyer which Elyzabethe dyed the xxvi Day of Januarie, Anno D'lii MDXXV for ii'hose Sou'le of your Charite say a Pater Noster. Heraldry. — In Bigland's time the brass was more perfect, and he records (History of Gloucestershire, vol. I. p. 465) that there were " four corner escutcheons, one only remaining : — Quarterly i and 4 Argent a cross Sable, charged with leopard's face in the centre Or. Bruges. 2 De Chakdos. 3 Berkeley of Coberley." The De Chandos coat was " Or, a pile, Gules," and the Berkeleys of Coberley bore " Argent, a fess between martlets Sable." Illustrations. — None. Portions Lost. — Of the complete composition, only the figure remains. Memoir. — "William Cassey was son of John and Elizabeth Cassey. He was of Cassey Compton, Wightfield and Stratton, and died 1517; he was succeeded by his son Robert, who married Elizabeth Poole and died 1547." Deerlnirst, by G. Butterworth. Rev. W. Bazeley's paper on the Cas?ey Family in Trans, of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society \ ol. xi, pp. 2-5 (1886-7), gives the date of William's death as 1509, leaving Leonard, son and heir, aged three and a half years. In 1514 pardon was granted to Henry Kemys and Elizabeth, formerly the wife of William Cassy, deceased, for marrying without the king's licence. In P.C.C. is the will of " Walter Rouudon, gent., monast. of St. Peter, Gloucester " (1514) I Hodder. Lviii.-Berl^elcy. [William Freme, feodary of the Berkeley estates under Henry VII., and escheator of the Hundred of Berkeley, 1526,] Momimental Brasses. 133 head and feet gone, marginal inscription mutilated, now South Aisle. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger-stone now in the chancel on the South side of the Communion Table. Size.— 6 ft. 7 in. X 2 ft, 6^ in. Description.— This brass affords a very pleasing illustration of the costume of a well-to-do yeoman of the reign of Henry VIII. Following the prevailing fashion William Freme is clean shaven, whilst his hair is long and clubbed. His outer garment is a long tunic or gov/n lined and faced with fur, open down the front and reaching to his ankles. Over his shoulders he wears a fur cape, which Mr. Haines says " is very rarely seen on brasses."* The sleeves are ample and have fur cuffs. Beneath the tunic is shown the waistband of his doublet, and the tight-fitting sleeves of the same appear at the wrists. On his breast he holds a heart (g6) inscribed with " /ID'Cp." Hearts are usu- ally found on Pre- Reforma- tion Brasses, and it is said " that such memorials indi- cate the deceased was enabled to perform a vow which he had made ; but more probably they have different meanings, ' according to the inscriptions attached to them ; and are generally intended to indicate sincere trust in the promises of God." t In Boutell's Christian Monuments there is more than one instance of "Heart-memorials" pourtrayed. Inscription. — Around the margin of the stone was a fillet of brass bearing an inscription. Unfortunately most of it has disappeared, but the words in brackets have been supplied from Rudder's Gloucestershire, who with Bigland gives the Heart. Fig. 96. 1526. Berkeley. * Monumental Brasses, I. p. ccxxxix. t Monumental Brasses, vol. I., p. cvi 134 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. inscription, but in their time a few of the words had vanished : — [Hie iacet corpus Willielmi Freme] cuius Huime propicietur ^eus et Huiniaruiu oinniuin fiC)elium Detunctoruiu pareutum et • • . [suomm Amen. Contende] illttarC pcr [angusta] m pOrtaiU. Which may be rendered into English : " Here hes the body of WilHam Freme .... on whose soul may God have mercy, and on the souls of all the faithful departed his relatives and (? friends). Amen. Strive to enter by the narrow gate." Below the inscription is cut on the stone " Ob. 1526." Heraldry. — Above the figure are the matrices of two shields : Bigland gives his arms as : Two chevronels between three cronels, for Freme, impahng a bend compone on a chief three escallops for Illustrations. — None. Portions Lost. — The head (now restored) and feet, two shields above the figure and portions of the marginal inscription. The late Mr. J. H. Cooke, F.S.A., of Berkeley, preserved the head, and in February, 1884, he had it securely fastened in its proper place, so that the memorial is more complete, and not a mere headless trunk as heretofore. Biographical Account. — In Fisher's History af Bet keley, p. 25, is to be found " A sepulchral brass on the floor on the south side of the font marks the resting place of a Romish priest." Mr. Cooke gave the following account of the brass: — " The Fremes were for many generations freehold tenants under the Lords Berkeley, for lands in the manors of Hinton, Alkington, and Canonbury, in the parish of Berkeley and in Berkeley Borough, by Knight's Service and the rent of twenty horseshoes, and their nails, annually. The first of the family who appeared in this neighbourhood married the heiress of John Usher, temp. Edward IV. The name was originally spelt Reme or Reom. William Freme, Esq., died, as stated on his tombstone, in 18 Henry VIII., but his death was presented at the Halimote Courts of Hinton and Alkington as happening in 17 Henry VIII. His widow afterwards married Richard Walsh, and died 31 Henry VIII., leaving her son and heir, Thomas Freme, then 23 years of age. Thomas Freme, of Lyppiatt, the great grandson of the last named Thomas, held the lands in 1639." Monumental Brasses. 135 His name appears in the Commission for the County of Gloucester in the early part of Henry VHI's reign. Lix.-iKlortbleacb. Thomas Bushe, woolman and merchant of the Staple of Calais, 1525, and wife Joan, 1526, with canopy and marginal inscription, three or four sons, and two or three daughters lost. Nave. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone in the Nave. Size. — 6 ft. 9 in. X 3 ft. 8 in. Description. — In its original state this memorial must have been extremely interesting. Under a double canopy are the figures of husband and wife. Thomas Bushe has long clubbed hair cut straight across the forehead, and parted down the middle. His face is clean shaven, and by the wrinkles shown on it, he is represented to be well advanced in years. His outer garment consists of a tunic scarcely reaching the ankles. It is open down the front and faced as well as lined with fur. The sleeves are ample, the cuflfs are made of fur. Beneath the gown appears the doublet, which was a kind of frock coat with close fitting sleeves and a short skirt, the waist is en- circled by a narrow belt adorned with studs. The legs are clothed with hose, and on his feet are broad- toed low shoes fasten- ed in front by a buckle (97). The sup- porters of his feet are a horned sheep and a woolpack, the former ^. r^ . c . ^ ' . . Fig. 97. Feet. 1526. bemg under his left foot and the latter under his right. Rings are shown on the first and last fingers of his right hand and on the last finger of his left. Joan Bushe wears the pedimental headdress, the front and Northleach. 136 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. the back lappets are hanging down in front of her. Her attire is in the fashion of the commencement of the i6th century, viz., a long close fitting dress with tight sleeves and fur cuffs. A loose hip girdle fast- ened by three rosettes, from which hangs a chain terminating in a metal pen- dant completes her costume. The skirt of her robe is gracefully ar- ranged in folds to allow the toes of her wide shoes to be seen resting on a woolpack and horned sheep, the former being under her left foot and the latter under her right (98). She is wearmg rings on the first, second, and last fingers of her right hand, and on the two last fingers of her left hand. Both are erect, full face, with hands upraised in prayer. Beneath the figures and above the fillet bearing the inscription are the matrices of two groups of children, and between is a brass-plate on which is Thomas Bushe's merchant's mark (99) : — A Latin cross standing on XX and T, B on either side. The figures of Thomas and Joan Bushe are beneath a fine double canopy, with circular heads and crocketted ogee gables. Each pediment is filled with a rural scene representing a tree under which are three Fig. 96. teel. MoUhleai^h. Kig. 99. Merchant's Mark. 1526. Northleach. MonumeiUal Brasses. 137 horned sheep with long tails, the sheep in the middle is lying down, the other two are standing and are looking towards each other. (100) On either side of the gables and from Fig. 100. Canopy. 1526. Northleach. between them rise pinnacles terminating in crocketted finials, the outer ones are continued downwards, and are panelled. Itiscription. — Between their bases is a fillet of brass bearing tliis inscription : — '*©ff sour cbarite pra\: tor \2c Soull of ^bomas mxshc, m'cbaiite of ^e Staple of Calis | aiiD Joban, bis wife, wbicb a;bonia0 DcccsseC) tbc Dag of Bii" H)n /iftCCCCCf JD5." Around the margm of the stone is a narrow band of brass with an evangelistic symbol at each corner, and on it is this inscription, which commences over the husband's head : (^Eiii^ic) * Qtt VOX Cbarite pia^ for tbe soule of cTbomas (Angel) :i6u6be, sumt^me m'cbnnt of tbe staple of Calevs, wbicb 5eces0v?C>e tbe i)aB of in tbe sere of or lorDe (3ob {ic-ingcd pv) /ifto \j}- jjv. anD for tbe soule of Joban, bis wife (.u-inocd I 38 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. lioio, wbicb Decees^De tbc [portion lost] ^ere ot or lor&e (5oD tSi" W jjvj., for wbo' soull ot ^o' cbarite sa^ a p'r noster S. a ave Heraldry. — Above the tree suspended by a hook is a shield charged with the arms of the Merchants of the Staple of Calais : — Barry nebulee of 6, Argent and Azure, on a chief Gules, a lion passant guardant, Or. Illustration. — None. Portions Lost. — The plates on which were engraved the children, the whole of the central pinnacle, except the extreme end of the finial, the upper half of the pinnacle on Joan's left side, the finial of the gable over her head, and a portion of the marginal inscription. Memoir. — Thomas Bushe was one of the wealthy wool merchants of the Cotteswolds, and in addition he was a merchant of the staple of Calais, which at that time belonged to the English. The will of Thomas Bushe is in P.C.C., 38 Bodfelde, and that of his wife is 15 Porch. Lx.— Cirencester. Two female effigies c. 1530, husband (?) and inscription lost. — Haines. Position.- — On the floor of the Lady Chapel. Size. — 2 ft. 9 in. x 1 ft. 5 in. Description. — Here "are two female figures — small but well executed — (the male one in the centre is lost), with some children at the feet. The two wives are represented as wearing a close-fitting kirtle to the feet, with tight sleeves, furred at the wrist, and a square cut collar ; the dress is secured at the waist by a massive embroidered cincture, which, slung loosely round the person, and passing through an embroidered loop (the figure on the left hand having the larger loop of the two), falls down with a long pendant end in front of the figure nearly to the feet ; on their heads they wear the kennel or angular head dress so generally worn during the latter part of the reign of Henry VH., and which continued in fashion some time after the accession of Henry VHI. It was made of velvet or embroidered cloth, sometimes of lighter materials and being pointed somewhat stiffly over the forehead descended in lappets on the shoulders and back. A similar head dress is worn to the present day in some of the valleys of the Pyrenees, Momimcntal Brasses. 139 From the style of costume, therefore, in this brass we may fix the date as being of the end of the 15th or early in the i6th century. On this slab remain the indents and nails of the two figures, male and female, both somewhat larger than the existing effigies. The Rev. W. Dyke is disposed to consider the present effigies are those of the children of the persons represented by the missing brasses, but in this opinion I do not concur, as I never remember an instance of children being deline- ated otherwise than as very young, and in a diminishing scale. Probably the slab was used for an earlier memorial, which, being lost, some members of the same family made use of it as a foundation of their own brasses." I This group has no connection with this brass, but will be described and illustrated later on. Illustration. — The girdle of the wife on the left hand of the husband is figured in Haines' Iiitrodnctioii, p. ccxli. Portions Lost. — The effigy of the husband and the inscription have disappeared, a quatrefoil over the husband's head, a single child below between husband and each wife. Meiiioir. — The Rev. H. Haines, M.A., in his private copy of Moiiuineiital Bntssis, had added this marginal note : — "possibly Thomas Neele," whose will is in P.C.C., 29 Vox. Lxi.-fiortbleacb. William Lawnder, priest circa 1530, in surplice (?), kneeling, marginal inscription mutilated, Holy Trinity and Blessed Virgin Mary lost. Chancel. Position. — On a ledger stone at the base of the Altar steps. Size. — 5 ft. 9 in. X 2 ft. 5 in. Description. — William Lawnder is represented with hair reaching to the shoulders, but cut so as to form a fringe across the forehead. He is clean shaven and has a tonsure. ^^'illiam Lawnder is vested in a surplice plaited round the neck, the sleeves are very deep and beneath are seen the sleeves of his cassock. To the surplice is fastened a hood. Mr. Haines {Mon. Brasses, i. p. Ixviii.) says that " a kneeling figure painted on glass, and now in the large west window of t The Reverend W. E. Hadow, M.A., in the Transactions 0/ the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaolo^ical Society for 1877-8. Part I., p. 154. 140 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Cirencester church, represents an ecclesiastic in similar costume ; both the cassock and hood are of a red colour." The hood must not be confounded with the auiice of which an account was given in No. xxii. of this series.* The hood is fastened on the left shoulder by a rosette. William Lawnder is kneeling in front of a fald stool and is turned to his left. His hands are uplifted in prayer, and from them proceeds a scroll with these words : ** Q VCQUXtl POU meMatrij eStO XaWn^er MUl'i " (O Queen of Heaven be the Mediator of William Lawnder). Above his head is the matrix of the Virgin Mary holding the infant Saviour on her right arm, and by the side of this vacant place is another scroll also containing an invocation to the Blessed Virgin : '• ® iRvincu ccU Xawn&er luiscrerc Wiiri" (O Deity of the Sky have pity on William Lawnder). Above this matrix was another plate, but, unfortunately, there is no record of what was engraved on it. Mr. Haines suggests that it was "a large representation of the Holy Trinity." Inscription. — Around the margin is the following quaint inscription : — t [/iRan ill wbat] (102^ state tbat cucr tbow be ^imor /ilbortis (i) sbulDe truble tbe ffor wben tbow lecst TMengst (2) vetiiet tc mors sup'are (3) [BuD] BO tbv? grave grevgst (4) JSvqo iHbortis memorare. (5) (loi) Fig. loi. At End of Inscription. C 1530. Northle.ich. This inscription is to be found at Witney, Oxfordshire, 1510, and Luton, Bedfordshire 1513, and it was on a brass at * Robert Lond, St. Peter's, Bristol. t I Fear of Death. 2 Thinkest. 3 Death will come to overtake thee. 4 Biggest. 5 Therefore remember death. Monumental Brasses. 141 pEsnisi^ Great Tew, Oxfordshire, 15 13. The admixture of Latin and English in the inscription is very curious. Before the word " state " is a shield containing the well-known verbal emblem of the Holy Trinity. (102) Other examples may be seen at St. Cross, Hampshire, 1382, Cowfold, Sussex, 1433, and in S. Mary Magdalene, Reigate, is an instance (painted) 1476. lilnstration, — None known. Portions Lost. — Four words of the marginal inscription, and two plates over his head. Fig. 102. " Holy Tiinity." C 1530 Northleach. LXiL— jfairtorb. Sir Edmond Tame, 1534,' and two wives, Agnes [daughter of Sir Richard Greville] with two sons and three daughters, and Elizabeth [Tyringham] in heraldic dresses, North Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On a ledger stone in the Chapel at the East end of the North Aisle. Size. — 7 ft. 6 in. X 3 ft. 6 in. Description. — Sir Edmond is represented bareheaded (103) as was then the custom, his hair is parted in the middle of the forehead, and is long, the face is beardless. His head rests on helmet adorned with a lambrequin and surmounted by his crest — a colt's head with mane erect couped. He wears a armour somewhat similar to that in which his father (John Tame) ■'- is represented though the body is concealed by a richly embroidered snrcoat or iabard f on which are embla- zoned his arms, yet the following armour is discernible. Around his neck is the collar of mail ; small coudieres and plain brassarts protect the arms, whilst the hands are not gauntletted. Below the tabard is the skirt of mail, over which are shown four pointed and scalloped tuiles. Hanging perpendicularly from * Vide No, xl. of this series. t The tabard was described in No xxvii of this series. 142 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. his left side is a sword, and below his right elbow is seen the handle of his dagger. The legs are encased in massive plate armour and broad-toed sabbatons guard his feet ; in his heels are screwed rowelled spurs. He wears a neckchain, from which hangs a T cross. Fig. 103. Sir Edmond Tame. 1554. Fairford. On each side of Sir Edmond is the effigy of a wife, the one on his left being a daughter of Sir Richard Greville. She wears the kennel or diamond shaped head dress, the front lappets being richly embroidered and hanging in graceful curves not in the stiff formal fashion which was so prevalent. Over her shoulders is thrown a mantle on which are embroidered the Greville coat of arms — Sable, on a cross engrailed, or, five pellets within a bordure engrailed of the second. The same arms, with a mullet for difference, are on Monume7ital Brasses, 143 the brass of William Grevel, 1401, Chipping Campden. § The mantle shews no method of fastening. Around her neck is a chain to which is attached a cross similar to her husband's. Her gown is like the one worn by her mother-in-law, Alice Tame. It is long and tight-fitting, the sleeves terminate at the wrists in embroidered cuffs. She has a loose hip girdle fastened in front by three rosettes, from which hangs a chain terminating in a pomander. Sir Edmond's second wife is on his right hand. She wears a modified form of the kennel head-dress, but the lappets are not so long as those worn by Lady Agnes. Her mantle bears the Tyringham arms — Or, a saltire engrailed, sable. It is fastened by a cord stretching across the breast, the two ends of which pass through a slide and reach to her feet terminating in large tassels. Over her mantle she wears a chain. Her gown seems to be of a different make to that of Lady Agnes. It is gathered in neat folds and fastened by a brooch at the neck, and it is so long as to require to be tucked up. The sleeves fit closely with plain broad cuffs and a narrow frill at the wrists. She wears over her gown a short jacket. Like the other two she wears a cross hanging from a neck chain. All three are erect full face and with hands joined in prayer. Lady Agnes being on Sir Edmond's left, and Lady Elizabeth on his right. Sir Edmond is represented as being of less stature than either of his two wives. Beneath Sir Edmond are two sons in long tunics with wide sleeves and broad-toed shoes. Beneath Lady Agnes a group of three daughters in kennel headdresses and tight-fitting gowns. iia^^^^^^^ i^iiiiw Fig. 104. Inscription. 1534. Fairford. Inscription. — The marginal inscription is : — ®t sourc cbarite pras [tor tbe 60ul of BOmonD ^ame (104) I iknygbt bere unOer buuiec) wbicb DcccssiO tbe tgrst Sag ot ©ctobec in tbe gece ot oure lorOe 90D a tbousanD CCCCCjsiiiiJ a"& § Vide N^. VII. 144 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. for tbe soule of /iRres (?) | bis first wife wbicb Dcce6Si& tbc jjv>i Dag of S-uli? alio | [Dn'i /iibilesimo cccccvi] tbc prosperite of Dame JElijabctb bis last wife . . . . s «S all jren soulcs ibu bane meres, amen. (105) This inscription has been repaired but unskilfully, the words '^ soul of Ednwud Tame" (104) being evidently the work of a much later period, for the rest of the inscription is in black letter, and these words are engraved in a clumsy imitation of Roman letter ; the piece on which is the portion " the prusperite of Dame Elizabeth his last wife " has been inserted reversed, and at the end is a skull. (105) Fig. 105. Inscription. 1534. Fairford. Heraldry.— Kt each corner of the slab is a shield but they are not so well engraved as the figures are. At the upper dexter corner above Lady Elizabeth appears the Tame arms, which are repeated at the lower sinister corner ; at the sinister upper corner above Lady Agnes is Tame impaling Greville, and at the lower dexter corner is Tame impaling Tyringham. The Tame arms are mentioned in No. XL. of this series: King Henry VIIL granted Sir Edmond Tame " as his armorial bearings the supporters of the Royal Arms of England— a crowned lion and a griffin — combatant and respectant — the lion being azure crowned and clawed gules, and the griffin vert clawed gules in a field argent.":!: On the brasses to Sir Edmond the arms bear a crescent for difference. Illustrations are given in the next description. Portions Lost. — The lower portion of Sir Edmond's sword and portions of the marginal inscription. Illustration. — Biglaiid's Gloucestershire, vol. I. p. 571. Memoir. — See the next description. LXI^.-jfairfor^. The same individuals as last, in heraldic dresses, but with one son only, mural, North Chancel. — Haines. J H. F. Holt, Esq., in Archceological Journal, 1871. Mofiumental Brasses. U5 Position. — On the north wall of the chapel at the end of the North Aisle. Size. — 2 ft. ID in. x 2ft. 6 in. Description. — This is the only instance we have in Gloucestershire of two brasses in the same church com- memorating the same individuals. In the brass now under consideration Sir Edmond is kneeling to a faldstool on which lies an open book. He faces his two wives who also kneel at faldstools, one behind the other. Sir Edmond wears armour very similar to the suit already described, the following being the chief points of difference — neither tuiles nor dagger appear, and between his brassarts and jambarts are shewn gussets of mail. Behind him is only one son who wears an ample gown faced with fur. Lady Agnes wears a heraldic mantle — her husband's arms being on the right hand side and her own (Greville) on the left hand ; her mantle is fastened by a chain ; otherwise she is dressed as described in tlie last account. Behind her are kneeling her three daughters in Queen Mary bonnets and long veils ; their dresses are low with wide bell sleeves whilst the tight fitting sleeves of the underdress reach the wrists. Lady Elizabeth is habited similarly to Lady Agnes, but impaling the Tyringham arms instead of the Greville. From Sir Edmond proceeds a label, JCSV, \0X^ tbat lUa^C VS; from Lady Agnes, Wt tb^ bloD VS bOUObt; and from Lady Elizabeth, for QVOC V5 ov>r trespass. In the centre under the middle of the arch at the top of the memorial is the pictorial symbol of the Holy Trinity (106) on a separate brass plate beauti- '^' ^1.\. Fairford^' ^ fully incised. The Almighty Father, the " Ancient of Days," is represented as an aged I46 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. monarch seated on a throne. He wears the long flowing regal robe. His hair and beard are long, and He is crowned; the two first fingers of His right hand are held up in the attitude of benediction, whilst His left hand holds a cross tau-shaped to which is nailed God the Son, whilst above the head of the crucified Son hovers the dove-emblem of the Holy Spirit : all three of the figures are nimbed. Inscription. — Beneath the figures is a plate of brass on which is the following inscription in raised characters : — Ibic iacent E^munDus ^ame miles et Bgncs ct Blijabctb vjorcs eius | qui quiDe JEOmuuDus obijt primo Die Octobris Wn° &'ni /IB Dc jjjiiii et a'no regni I IRegis benrici octavi vtcesimo sejto quorum a'i'marum p'picietur Deus. Bmen. This may be thus translated — " Here lie Edmund Tame, knight, and Agnes and Elizabeth, his wives, which Edmund died on the first day of October, 1534, and in the 26th year of the reign of King Henry VHI., on whose souls may God have mercy. Amen." It is worthy of notice that the regnal year of the sovereign is mentioned, which was often the case if the person com- memorated was connected with the Court. Heraldry. — Above Sir Edmond is a shield, Tame impaling Greville (107), and over Lady Elizabeth is Tame impaling Tyringham (108). See Heraldry in last description. Fig. 107. Shield. 1534. Fairford. Fig. 108. Shield. 1534. Fairford. Portions Lost. — None ; the whole composition is in excellent condition. Illustration. — I have not met with any. Monumental Brasses. 147 Biographical AccoiDtt. — Kdmnnd Tame's mother had been snatched away in his infancy, a circumstance of itself Hkely to endear him greatly to John Tame, and there is no doubt that he proved himself fully worthy of the love his father gave, That he never married whilst John Tame was alive, and that he found a wife in a lady of distinction among the county families, almost as soon as the period of mourning for his father ended, is a proof that he devoted himself to cheer the failing years of the old man as the pulses of life began to chill and slacken. At the time of his father's decease, Edmund Tame was in his thirty-sixth year, an age which enabled him to thoroughly appreciate the value and importance of the large properties, both personal and landed, which he then inherited — those in Gloucestershire, alone including (among others) Harnhill, Nimpsfield, Notgrove, Rendcombe, Tetbury, and Fairford, at which last mentioned place he took up his residence, in the mansion then in course of completion. John Tame's remains having been duly laid in the spot selected by him, Edmund's first duty was to give effect to his father's will by founding the chantry and erecting the tomb. That the religious zeal of Edmund Tame, and his interest in Fairford church is beyond all question, is evident from the following extract from his will: — in P.C.C, 17 Hoger. "1, Edmund Tame, the elder, being of hole mynde, thanked be AUmighty God, make my testament in fournie following. Firste, I bequeathe my soule to AUmighty God, and to our blessed lady, and to all the holly cumpany of Heaven, and my body to be buried in our lady chappell in the Churche of Faireford. Item. I bequethe to the Vicar of Faireford iijli. vjs. viijd (^3 6s. 8d.). Also I will, that my Feoffees of my lande in Castleton to stande, and to be seased to thisonly use, that is to find a Priest for ever to sing for the soules of my Father and mother, and for the soules of me and of my wife, and other my friends, according to the feoffament thereof made." That Edmund in every respect fulfilled his father's wishes, and maintained to the full the dignity of the family name, may be readily imagined by his adding to the family estates the manors of Dowdeswell, Barnsley, and Eastleach Turville, in Gloucestershire. In 1505, he was "Sheriff of I48 Qloiicestershire Notes and Queries. Gloucestershire," on the 26th of July in the following year lost his wife Agnes (a daughter of Sir Edward Greville), by whom he had four children — a son, Edmund, and three daughters, Alice, Margaret, and Elizabeth, all of whom afterwards married and survived him. After remaining a widower for a few years, Edmund married a second time, his bride being Elizabeth Tyringham. No issue, however, resulted from this marriage, which appears to have been a very happy one. Indeed, as time progressed, Edmund Tame developed as much ambition and determination as had ever distinguished his father, very shortly after whose demise Edmund was included in the Commission of the Peace for Gloucestershire, in which he was confirmed by Henry VIII. on the ist March, 15 10. On the 17th November, 1513, Edmund's name was returned a second time in the sheriff's roll of his native county, and in 1515 he was also inserted in the Commission of the Peace for Wiltshire, where as already stated, he possessed considerable property. At this time he had abandoned all active interference in business, although he still embarked an extensive capital in the breeding of enormous flocks of sheep. His ambition was, however, rather with the Court than the counting-house and so successfully did he play his cards as to receive the honour of knighthood from Henry VIII. in 1516, in which year he was attached to the Royal Household, as appears from the " list of names of the king's officers and servants sworn to attend in his chamber;" and wherein the name of Sir Edmund Tame appears as a knight of the body, and that of his son, Edmund Tame, as an esquire for the body extraordinary. During the last few years of his life, Sir Edmund the elder appears to have lived in retirement at Fairford, at which place he died on the ist October, 1534 ; and in accordance v/ith his before mentioned wish, was buried in the Lady Chapel there, beside his first wife Agnes. By the care of his widow, the Lady Elizabeth Tame, a blue marble slab in the floor of the chantry founded by his father, marked his resting-place. As Sir Edmund made provision in his will for barring the dower of his widow, his extensive landed property was inherited by his son Edmund, who had livery of the manor of Fairford the same year in which his father died. Notwithstanding, Monumental Brasses. 149 however, Sir Edmund's succession to Fairford, he did not attempt to take up his residence there ; but in deference to liis step-mother, the Lady Ehzabeth Tame, he permitted her to occupy the Manor House, which she continued to do for some time after her step son's (Sir Edmund) decease. His will is m P.C.C., 17 Pennyng. His pedigree is to be found in the Visitation of Gloucester- shire, p. 260 (Harleian Society). Though Lady Katherine Tame, widow of Sir Edmund the younger, was entitled to Fairford as her jointure, she never appears to have disturbed Lady Elizabeth in the tenancy of the Manor House. In November, 1550, Lady Elizabeth made her will which commences thus: — "I bequeth my soul to Almightie God, Father, Sonne, and Holy Ghost, three persons and one God in Trinity, to our blessed lady Saint Mary the Virgin and Mother inviolate of our Saviour Jesus Christe, and to all the Holy Company of Heaven, and my body to be buried in North Chapell of our Lady in Fairefonl aforesaide, by my late husbande, Sir Edmund Tame the elder, Knight, deceased, whose soule God pardon, yf it fortune me, the said Dame Elizabeth, to departe out of this present lyfe in Faireford aforesaid, etc." PX.C, f. 45- Pennyng. The foregoing is taken chiefly from " The Fairford Windows," by Rev. J. G. Joyce ; and " The Tames of Fairford," by H. F. Holt. lxhia.— St. 5obn iBaptist, Gloucester. Chronicled as lost. — Haines. Position. — North Wall. Size. — Length of husband 18 J in. ; of the wife ijh in. Descnption. -John Semys wears long straight hair not parted in front where it is cut to form a fringe and reaching to the shoulders concealing the ears, in accordance with the usual custom of the period he is clean shaven. He is represented as wearing the official mantle fastened on the right shoulder leaving his right arm free, and hanging gracefully over his left. The mantle is both lined and faced with fur, is gathered in at the neck and covers all the doublet, except the little collar and the sleeves, the latter being moderately wide at the wrist and revealing beneath the tight fitting sleeves of his underdress (109). 150 Gloucestershire Notes mid Queries. His wife displays the pedimental headdress so characteristic of the period, the left lappet shows the ornamentation very plainly, it consists of a quatrefoil in a diamond, the back lappets are longer and reach nearly to the elbow. She wears a Fig. 109. John Semys. 1450. St. John Baptist, Gloucester. tight fitting dress cut square at the neck thus showing the upper portion of her under-dress and fastened down the front, it is encircled at the waist by a loose hip girdle also ornamented with a diamond pattern ; the buckle through which the end of Monumental Brasses. 151 the girdle passes is large, and the tang does not pass through the girdle. The sleeves are narrow, tight fitting at the wrist with deep reflexed cuffs purfled with fur (no). Fig. no. Margaret Semys. 1540. .St. John Baptist, Gloucester. The figures are both erect, the husband being full-face and the wife turned to her right to look towards him. The hands are uplifted in prayer, the tips of the fingers just touching. In the original memorial this wife's effigy stood to the left of the husband and was his first wife Elizabeth, beneath were their eleven children, 152 Gloucesterhire Notes and Queties. Rudder also gives the following account of the brass : — " Upon a large grave-stone in grey marble, which was in the chancel before the old church was demolished, but now altered, or taken away, was a plate of brass, on which the effigy of a man at full length between two wives and several children, was engraven, and the following inscription in old black character : — Here under buried John Semys lyeth, Which had two wives, the first Elizabeth And by her vj. soonnes, and daughters five; Then after by Agnes, his secund wive. Eight soonnes, seven daughters, goddes plente. The full numbre in all of six and twentie. He passed to God in the moneth of August, The thousand five hundred and forlie yere just. (24 Aug.) Round the verge of the stone on the south side : — Plaude poll patria, plaude et paradise colnmivi Astri chorus pluudaf, plaudat, hie astra peteno ; Plausiis culinen opes ; p'cni ite valete niag'ri Laus et famn, vale decor : caro puireat opto. On the west side : — Scripta legas tiunuli viorihis nunc reperat liic qui Laudis erat diginis, prudens,sapiensque htnigmis. On. the north side : — Mitis, ite?n lenis, discretus, largus egenis Hie quasi futidator, rniseris fuit et miserator, Plangit conventus pastor em Religionis, Regula tutorem : plaugito, plange damns. On the east side : — Patra plange patrem, dominiim vos plangite sui Plange patens paup natis plange sua. On each of the four corners, without the inscription, was a scroll with writing on it, but one of the brasses long since torn off. On the other it is thus written : — Siste gradus, Ora, Congiia, Remiscere, Plora. Sic redis in eineres, Jiujus es, et ejus es. Gloria divide fugiunt te, mors, manet et te. Within the verge at the south-west corner are the old arms of the city, and no other arms are upon it, Monumental Brasses. 153 In Fosbroke's time the inscriptions in Latin appear to have been lost. Illnst.i'atioiis. — Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, Vol. V. (here reprinted). Portions Lost. — During the restoration of this chnrch in 1882 two plates of brass, of which an illustration is given, were found amongst some rubbish in a vault in the church. On them are engraved the three-quarters effigies of a male and a female figure. I am of the opinion that these are the fragments of the memorial to John Semys described by Rudder. No other portions have been as yet discovered, but I am glad to record that the plates just described have been affixed to the north wall of the church and are thus preserved for posterity. Bios;rap}iical Account. — A few words on the life of John Semys may possibly not be devoid of interest, for even the barest details are worth preservation — though in the present case, unfortunately, they are but too meagre. John Semys was one of the two Sheriffs of Gloucester in 1525 and Mayor in 1528 and 1535. During his official life he had the honour twice of assisting at the reception of royalty visiting the city of Gloucester. The inaugural address of Mr. R. V. Vassar-Smith, president of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeological Society for 1889, gives a description of these visits. In 1529 the name of John Semes, mayor, occurs in the list of justices for the gaol-delivery at Gloucester in June of that year. On the II Nov. 1534, John Semys, maire, the recorder, and nine aldermen subscribe a letter to Thos. Cromwell to beg that he will have a commission directed to them of the same import as those directed to the shire of Gloucester for the due search and view of corn, as the town and county of Gloucester is distinct from the shire. In June, 1535, his name again occurs on a Commission to make enquiry respecting Tenths of Spiritualities for Gloucester- shire and the town of Gloucester. Undoubtedly a careful search of the archives of the city of Gloucester would reveal more particulars, and I hope that my description of the brass in its mutilated state may induce others to make that inquiry which I myself am unable to effect. 154 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. LXiv.— Gloucester, St. CX^^x^ be Cri^pt. John Cooke, alderman, 1529, and his wife dame Joan, 1544, triple canopy with St. John Baptist, all lost but two pediments (a third lately stolen), inscription lost, now fastened to a board in north transept, slab buried in chancel. — Haines. Position. — On a large slab erected against the north wall of the north transept. Size. — 5 ft. I in. X 2 ft. 10 in. Description. — John Cooke wears long hair and is clean shaven. His outer garment is a gown or mantle only used at this period as a sign of office. It is fastened by a single button on the right shoulder, and is thrown over the left arm in a somewhat clumsy manner (m). Beneath is a long tunic Fig. III. John and Joan Cooke, 1544. St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester. reaching to the feet ; this is open above and below the waist, and faced with fur. The sleeves are of moderate and uniform breadth, and have wide fur cuffs. At the neck is seen the em- broidered collar of the doublet, and the tight-fitting sleeves of the same appear at the wrist. From his girdle, which is concealed by his mantle and arms, hangs a gypciere or external purse. The toes of his wide shoes show beneath the gown. His wife Joan is attired in widov/'s weeds. Mourning costumes varied little during the XV. and XVI, centuries, Monumental Brasses. 155 She wears the veil headdress and the stiffly-plaited barbe — the distinctive tokens of widowliood (i 1 1). r>om her shoulders hangs a long and ample mantle which is looped up under the right arm, thence falling in graceful folds. Her dress is confined by a narrow girdle ; the sleeves are also narrow with wide plain cuffs. On the first finger of her left hand is the widow's jewelled ring. The tops of her wide-toed shoes are just visible below the dress. Fig. 112. Canopy. 1544. St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester. Both the figures are erect, with hands raised in prayer; John Cooke has his wife on his left hand and is turned a little to his left to look towards her, and Joan is turned a little to her right. Above them was an elaborate triple canopy, but the 156 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. pediment over Joan's head has disappeared. Fosbroke* says that " over her head was a merchant's mark, viz., a sort of fret, or rather two squares interlaced, one a lozenge-wise ; in the centre a rose" (112). I am much indebted to Mr. Mill Stephenson, f.s.a., who has kindly lent me a rubbing of the portion of the canopy which has now disappeared. Over John's head is an exceedingly interesting pediment — it has a round cusped head surmounted by a crocketted ogee gable, and terminated in a floriated finial. The tympanum contains a circular panel in which is a rose with five petals and five barbs ; the spandrils are filled with trefoils. The cusps also have trefoils, and terminate in a cluster of three berries. The central pediment consists of a canopy between two pannelled pinnacles with crocketted finials and flowered pendants. In the pediment is a figure of St. John Baptist : in his left hand is a book on which is the Lamb of God holding a cross, from the stem of which is floating a flag with two streamers. Both the Lamb and St. John are nimbed. St. John is pointing to the Lamb with the index finger of his right hand^" Behold the Lamb." St. John is represented with long straggling hair, but smooth faced. The gown seems coarse, but not so realistic as is shewn on the brass at Deerhurst commemorating Sir John Cassy, 1400.1 His right arm may be noticed as being covered by the sleeve of some under vestment, whereas the feet are bare, as is also the left leg, which is exposed nearly to the knee. St. John is on a corbel, and two smaller pinnacles rise on either side of him (113). The background consists of a lozenge-shaped diaper, with a sexfoil in the centre of each lozenge. Above him, stretching from side to side, is a branch forming a triple- headed arch over him, and under its centre he stands. This gable has straight sides, not ogee like the one above John Cooke's head. The groining of the canopy is also shown (113). Inscription. — Above this elegant canopy the following words have been cut in the stone : — Jobaniics Coohe, fiini^ator scboUx jui'ta banc ccclcsiam obijt I anno Domini iTft^GCCCC "ii-ir' | 5obanna ujoc eins obijt anno Domini /lfc"C(ICCC"i-l"iv". " John Cooke, founder of the school near this church died A.D. 1529. Joan his wife died A.D. 1544." * Gloucester, p. 323. f See page 13. Monumental Brasse: Fig. 113. Canopy 1544- St. Mary de Crypt, Gloucester. 158 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Heraldry.— In the Wantnar MS. his arms are given — Or, a chevron chequie, Gules and Azure, betweene three Cinque foiles of y' first. Illustvations. — I know of none. Portions Lost. — The' inscription, the pediment over Joan's head, of which an illustration is given (112), and the finials of the central pediment and the side pinnacles. Memoir. — The following is taken from Atkyn's Gloucestershire, p. 978 : — " Here is a free school erected by Joan Cook, widow of John Cook, alderman, 31 Henry VHI. She, in performance of her husband's will, vested several manors and lands in the mayor and burgesses of Gloucester for divers charitable uses, and ordered ^10 a year to be paid to a schoolmaster, if a priest, and but £g a year, if a layman ; which schoolmaster is to be nominated by the mayor, recorder, and two senior aldermen. There is now a salary of ;^30 a year allowed to the head master, and ^16 to the usher." He was four times mayor, 1501 — 1519. The will of John is in P.C.C, f. 4, Allen ; and that of Joan, f. 38, Porch. Lxv.— Meston*upon*Bvon. Sir John Greville. lord of the Manor of Milcot, 1546, chancel. — Haines. Position. — On the Chancel floor. Size. — 4 ft. X 2 ft. I in. Description. — We have now arrived at the period when the bold characteristic outlines of the earlier brasses have yielded to the finer lines and shades of the copper-plate engraver ; one consequence of this is that the rubbings of these later brasses are not at all so clear and well defined as those of former centuries. Sir John is bare-headed, revealing his hair closely cropped^ but his moustaches are long and drooping, and his beard is trimmed to a point long enough to touch the tips of his fingers. The face is represented wrinkled, as he is an old man. His head rests upon his helmet, which is surmounted by a dog's head couped and collared (114). Sir John wears a tabard, a garment worn by knights in the Tudor era. Before 1400 a jupon was worn over plate armour. During Monumental Brasses. 159 the first half of the fifteenth century the pohshed armour of the warriors was uncovered and reflected the bright rays of the sun. After 1450 was introduced the tabard. It was a kind of jacl no S'renDe no Strentbe covl£> ransome bie worlDlg wo M\2 Deatbe we bane anJ> of l^lic tbovsanD mo anD Deatbe of s^nes in vs batbe maDe an enD So tbat notbincje can ouer estate amenD Mbo wonio not be content sucbe cbancie to mahe jFor worlDle tbinges etarnall igfe to take. Heraldry. — Argent, a fess gules between three garbs, sable, a crescent for difference. — Harl. MS. 1543, /o/. 43. Illustrations. — None. Portions lost. — Rudder says : " At the foot of the altar there formerly stood a large raised tomb of black marble, inlaid with brass. But when the chancel was afterwards repaired, the tomb was taken down, and the upper slab fixed in the floor." Evidently the husband's effigy had then disappeared. A rubbing of this slab made by the late Rev. H. Haines, shews that the husband stood to the right of the wife. Over her head was a label. Beneath the inscription are the matrices of one son and one daughter, with a label over each. Bigland reports: ''At the four corners were coats of arms, the only one remaining is on the right hand corner at the bottom, viz. : - argent on a fess gules, between three garbs sable, a martlet." Memoir. — " Thomas Tyndale was elder son of Edward Tyndale, of Pull-Court, Worcestershire, who was fourth son of Sir William Tyndale, of Hockwold, in Norfolk. Thomas 172 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. settled at Eastwood, in the parish of Thornbury, of whicli he had a grant, 7 Eliz., 1565, after the attainder of Edward, Duke of Buckingham; and by A vice, his wife, daughter of John Bodie, of London, had Edward and Elizabeth, who both died before their father. By his will he gave the estate at Eastwood to his cousin, Thomas Tyndale."^ — Rudder. In Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, vol. ii, pp. 201, etc., is an interesting account of the Trotmnn Family, and on p. 203 is the following allusion to Thomas Tyndall : — " Thomas Tyndale, of Eastwood, ' gentilman,' who died at ' Master Pennes house in London,' 28th April, 1571, and was buried in Fanchurch (Fenchurch) in that city 7th May, and on the 31st of the same month re-interred, according to the direction in his will, at Thornbury." Richard Trotman, of Cam, was one of his executors. Will in P.C.C., 19, Holney. Lxx.— Clifford Cbambeis. Hercules Raynsford, Esq., Lord of the Manor, 1583, aet. 39, in armour, and wife Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Parry, Esq., with two sons and one daughter. Altar Tomb, Chancel. — Haines. Position.— Beiore the restoration in 1887, this brass was on an altar tomb at the east end of the nave ; the pulpit partially rested upon it. Now the slab, in which are inlaid the brasses, will be found erected against the north wall of the chancel, near the mural memorial to another member of the Raynsford family. The altar tomb before referred to, had some sandstone panelling divided with pilasters on one side and at one end, but the stone was in a broken and crumbling condition, too far gone for a satisfactory retention. Size. — 4 ft. 6 in. X I ft. 10 in. Description. Hercules Raynsford is bare headed, his hair is cut short, and his head rests on his helmet. His moustache and beard are of moderate length. Around his neck and wrists are slight frills. A gorget of plate reaches to the chin, the paldrons have their upright edges scroll-shaped, brassarts of plate, with plain coudieres, protect the arms, and a cuirass covers the body. At this period, civilians wore trunkhose ; this was also adopted by the men in armour, so we may notice that the skirt of mail {vide Sir John Greville's brass at Monumental Brasses. 173 Weston-on-Avon*) has disappeared, and instead, Hercules Raynsford is wearint,' trunkhose. Trunkhose were large breeches well padded, puffed and slashed. As the stuffing was not of sufficient firmness to protect the thighs, to the projecting rim of the breastplate or cuirass were hinged tassets which somewhat filled the functions of the tuiles so conspicuous in earlier armour. These tassets consisted of a series of small plates rivetted together, and may be considered to be the last remnant of the skirt of taces. In this example, the plates of the tassets are of a rectangular form. Steel armour encases the re- mainder of the legs, and his jrenouilleres have genouilleres elegant rosettes. Large Fig. 129. Feet. 15S3. Clifford Chambers. On his right rowelled spurs are screw- ed into the heels, whilst soUerets with very wide toes complete the suit of armour (129). Around his waist is a narrow strap, from which hangs ob- liquely another, to which is attached a long sword on his left side, side is affixed a short dagger. Elizabeth Raynsford is in dress very similar to Avice Tyndall described in the last. Hercules and his wife are erect, she being on her husband's left hand, they are mutually turned a little towards one another. Two sons are shewn lower down the slab, but in my rubbing the pulpit covers all but their closely cropped heads, the little frill round their necks, and the jackets or cloaks on their shoulders ; they look towards their sister, who is dressed somewhat like her mother, but no ornament or embroidery is shewn, the girdle is buttoned in front. Inscription.— On the plate of brass beneath their feet is engraved the following inscription : — * No. LXV. of this series, p. 158. 174 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries- Ibere Igctb J5iu-ge& tbe J6o&5)50f Ibcrculcs IRa^nsfor^, esquicc I XorD of tbis /Dbanttor of Clifford, wbo marrseO JElijabetbc I Iparrg, Oaugbtcr of IRobert iparrg, esquier, b^ wbome bavgng I 586UC too 60imc3 anD on Daugbter, MeD tbe seconO Da^e of I Bugu0t, ano 2)ni 1583, aiiO in tbe ^earc of bis age 39. Heraldry. — Over the head of Hercules Raynsford is an elaborate shield (130), the crest, a stag's head, surmounts an esquire's helmet, from which depends an elegant mantling : the shield is blazoned by Bigland : — I. Argent a cross sable for Raynsford. 2. Azure an eagle, displayed argent gorged with a coro- net and beaked and membred or, for Wylcotts of Wyl- cotts. 3. Azure an eagle displayed ar- gent, beaked and membered or, for Wyllycotes of Gt. Tew, CO. Oxon. 4. Sable on a chief ar- gent three lozenges, gules Mollins. 5. Fig. 130. Arms 1583. Clifford Chambers. Argent an eagle dis- played gules ioxHall. 6. Azure a chevron ermine between three bucks trippant or, for Greene. 7. Argent a chief indented azure, for Glanvile. 8. Per Pale or, and azure a chevron ermine, for Lions. 9. Gules on a chevron argent a cinquefoil between three garbs or, for Scocathe. 10. Argent a chevron between three cinque- foils gules, for Wakested. 11. Argent a chevron engrailed between three escallops sable, for Arderburgli, or Arderboughe. 12. Vaire argent and gules on a bend sable three boars' heads erased or, for Purscell. 13. Or, three bears' heads erased sable muzzled of the first, for Berwicke. 14. Argent three bendlets azure on a canton sable a lion passant or, for Shersal. 15. Or, three chevronells braced in base sable on chief gules, three plates, for Prattell. Over the wife's head is a shield bearing these arms, "Argent Monumental Brasses. ly^ a cross sable, differenced with a crescent, for Raynsford, impaling, Argent, three boars' heads caboshed sable for Parvy. IlfustyatiuHs. — Bristol and Gloucestershire Archzeological Soc. Transactions, vol. XIY., plate VI, Portions lost. — None ; and the whole composition is in good condition. Memoir. — Charles Raynsford of Clifford, co. Gloucester, was twice married, first to Jane, daughter of John Morgan, of Camberton, co. Worcester, and secondly to Frances, daughter of Henry Wyndsore, who was living at the date of her husband's will, 26th April, 1578. The said will was proved loth May, 1 58 1. By his first wife he had issue : — I. Thomas. 2. Hercules. 3. Anthony, executor of his father's will 1581. 4. Morgan, who was living in 1578. 5. Jane, wife of John Prouse, of Slaughter, co. Gloucester. 6. Elizabeth, wife of Robert Wincott, of Kensham, co. Oxford, both living 1578. 7. Eleanor. 8. Margaret, living unmarried 1578. The second son Hercules, bapt. 3 Dec, 1544, was of Clifford, and married Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Parry, and died 2nd August, 1583. Administration of his effects was granted 3rd August, 15S3, to Elizabeth his relict (Inquis. P.M. 26 Eliz., No. 198.) Elizabeth his widow afterwards married Willam Barnes, of Clifford. By her he had issue : — I. Sir Henry. 2. Elizabeth, his daughter, named after her mother Elizabeth, has her memory perpetuated by another "brass " in Clifford Chambers Church ; her memorial will be described after, it being LXXVI. of this series. 3. Another son, who is represented on the brass and mentioned but not by name in the inscription. The authority for the foregoing statements is The Genealo- gist, vol. n, 1878, which contains an exhaustive pedigree of the Raynsford family. The manor of Clifford Chambers formerly belonged to the abbey of Gloucester, but was granted to Charles Raynsford, 4 Eliz., the father of Hercules. Henry, son of Sir Henry, mentioned above, had his estate sequestered in the civil war because he was a partisan of King Charles, but he compounded for ^900 ; the Manor of Clifford Chambers soon after passed away from the Raynsford family, for this same Henry sold it to Job Dighton, Esq., in 1649. 176 CloHcestershire Notes and Queries. LXXL— Bristol; St. llClcrburab. William Gyttyns, merchant, and one of the common council, 1586, and wife Mary (who erected brass) with six sons and four daughters. Quadrangular plate, mural. — Haines. Pusition. — On the wall of the vestry of the recently erected church of St. Werburgh. Size. — I ft. 10 in. X i ft. lo in. Description. — In the figure of William Gyttyns we have a capital representation of a well-to-do citizen of the latter portion of tlie sixteenth century. He wears a long robe with a broad band around the hem, behind the arm holes depend sleeves, of no real use to protect the arms, but being banded with lateral bars, very probably of velvet, they served as ornaments to his robe, and were possibly insignia of his dignity as a " common councilman." As he kneels to the desk, this long robe conceals most of his other garments, though the doublet with frills at neck and wrists is shown with skirt fastened by a sash tied in front. Behind him kneel six sons, in long robes and doublets, the eldest has his name — John — cut on the lower part of his robe. Mary Gyttyns wears a long robe whiclijike her husband's, has a broad band but it has no sleeves, a sash tied in a bow in front keeps all in place ; she, too, has frills at neck and wrists, her petticoat is plain. Behind her kneel four daughters dressed like their mother, except that there is no veil to their headdress, nor any band to their robe. In the earlier memorials, it was customary to commence the inscriptions to the departed with Orate pro aniiiia, or some similar pious ejaculation, but at this period, the effigies of the deceased are often represented as praying for themselves, and in accordance with this custom, William and Mary are shewn kneeling at a low •Fig. 131. Circular Piate. desk, on which lie two open books. 1586. Bristol. ? Monogram. j^^ background is covered with small oblong panels, and between them hangs a circular plate, on which are the initials, M.G., probably the monogram Mary Gyttyns (131). The floor is tiled with square and round tiles. * Figs. 131, 133, 134, are i scale, and not J as the remaining illustrations. Monumental Brasses. lyj Inscription. — Beneath is the following long inscription : — /nbg frcti& wbo 60 tbie place of mvjnc thow be tbat sball be boul&e, Tllllitb patiences pause an& beare a fiiiiD bis miiiDe to tbe untoulD; Seacke not witb beapes of worlMv topcs tofurnisbc tb\2 «5c[if}bte IRor let bim fancie bigbc Decries tbat bopes to line arigbte; 5f tbow baue wealtbe supplp tbie want tbat lancjuisbe in Dccave ; an& lincier not tbg oooO Jntcnt vntill tbg latter Daiee ; 5f pouert^e opresse tbs mint) let pacience be tb\2 fliu2C>c, Xet ricioure faclie boulO faist tbv faitbe vvbat bap so tbe betiDe : jffor as from Oeatbe no wave tbar is tbeg sclfe for to C>eftcn&, So bappge ma^? no creature be beffore tbe finall cll^ ; lObearfore of (5o& bis niercve crauc wbo batb of nierc\2e store, anC) vnto bim comenD ms soule, my freuD, 5 craue no more. Ibeare litbe burie& tbe bo&\2 of Milliam (I\2stgns, late of tbe Cittie of JSristoll. /Iftarcbaunte S. owe of tbe Common Couusell of tbe same, wbo baO owe onl\2 wife, IHameC) /iftajBe, bp wbom be baC> vjssbue vi. souns auD iiji Oaugbters, wbo &eparteJ> ilbis trancitors lief tbe ijv- ^a» of jf fcbiuar\2 ano Dm, 15S6. 5n atiD for wbose memorv tbe saiD /iRarvje bis louinc^e wife batb ma^e tbis monement. Illustrations. — I know of none. Portions lost. — None, but the plate is not in a very good condition. Memoir. — In Wadley's Bristol Wills, his Will occnrs on pp. 249, 250. Lxxii.— Cirencester. Philip Marner (clothier), 1587, standing. He left a noble yearly for a sermon in Lent, and gave the interest (?) on ;^8o to 16 men in Cirencester, Burford, Abingdon, and Tetbury. Mural S.A. — Haines. Position. — On the wall between the Trinity Chapel and nave. Size. — I ft. 6 in. X I ft. 2| in. Description. — Philip Marner is represented as an old man, standing and supported himself by a knotted staff, shod with iron. His hair and beard are cut close, and his face shews the furrows graven by age. He is clad in the usual long gown of the period with false sleeves pendant from the shoulders. This gown is slightly open over the breast and shews the closely buttoned doublet tied with a sash at the waist. 17B Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, Beneath the gown are shewn his feet in thick soled shoes. He is erect, slightly turned to his left, with a staff in his left hand and a flower in his right. Near his right foot is seated a dog, and this forms one of the latest instances where dogs are represented on brasses. In the upper left-hand corner is represented a pair of shears — emblem of his trade (i32).-'- 3tt Mt hpM.ai?5TO?B.¥Afff&^r Sfdftt^oiilrs VdA nmirJuooi^ffOTf to OrfmH M cirrfter .^xrforb.illmx^f on (a Srtfaime'. Phillip ^fla?mrM|o iiie&tn tljr a^^rr .0^ 87 Fig. 132. Philip Marner. 1587. Cirencester. Liscript'wn — The rhyming epitaph is as follows : — 5n Xent bv? will a Sermon be DeuiseC), aiiD 13erels precber witb a noble priseD. Seven IRobles be 515 geue ge poore tot to Deten5, See No. XVII. of this series, p. 49. Thos. Fortey, etc., 1447- Northleach. Monumental Brasses. iyg aiiD soil, to i'vi. men 5i& leiiD, 5n Ctccstcr, :fl3urforC), Hbington, aiiD ilctbunc, ever to be to tbem a stockc lL>cclv? ipbilKp /nbarner, wbo dieJ) in tbe sere 1587. Illustrations. — None known. Portions lost. — None, and the whole monument is in a good state of preservation. Memoir. — The will of this benefactor to Cirencester is in the Probate Court at Gloucester, and was made on the 14th September, 29 Eliz. Lxx I II .— Mc9ton*9ub* je^oe. William Hodges, 1590, he married the daughter of Sir George Throgmorton, of Kaughton [Coughton], and widow of John Gilford, Esq., of Weston-under-Edge. — Haines. Position. — Formerly on floor of centre of chancel, now placed upright against the north wall of chancel just west of altar step. — A. W. F., June 26th, 1871. Size. — 3 ft. I in. X I ft. g^ in. Description. — His short curly head seems to rise out of an immense plaited wheel-ruff: his beard is trimmed, but the moustache gracefully curls. The body is clothed in a close fitting doublet, girt about the waist by a narrow belt, from which hangs a long sword. Over the doublet is worn a short loose cloak, the cape of which was buckled m windy weather. The arrangement of buttons on the cloak presents marked peculi- arities. He wears knee-breeches and long hose with low shoes on his feet. He is represented standing on a tiled pavement, slightly turned to the right, with hands clasped in prayer. Inscription. — On the brass plate beneath is the following inscription : — HERE LYETH THE BODYE OF WILLIAM HODGES, WHO | MARIED YE DAUGHTER OF SIR GEORGE THROGMORTON | OF KAUGHTON KNYGHT, AND WAS THE WYDDOWE OF | JOHN GYFFORD, OF WESTON UNDEREDGE, ESQUIRE, WHO | DEPARTED THIS LYFE THE XXIII OF AUGUSTE, A.D. I59O. | Illustrations. — None. Portions lost. — None, and the whole memorial is in good condition. Biographical Accoimt. — In the Visitation of Gloucestershire 1623 (Harl. See), John Gifford, of Weston under Edg, in I So Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Com. Gloc, married Elizabeth, second d. of Sir George Throgmorton, Knt., by whom she had twelve cliildren. She married secondly Will'm Hodges, and they had issue Anna and Adrina. In volume \'. of Bristol and Gloucestershire Archceological Transactions, p. 234 is Weston rMrs. Elizabeth Hodgs, the wyffe of Mr. Subedge *■ William Hodgs, Esquor. Lxxiv.— i^ate. Alexander Staples, 1590, and two wives, Avis, with two sons and three daughters, and Elizabeth (who erected brass), with four sons and two daughters, eight elegiac verses, quadrangular plate. — Haines. Situation. — On the chancel floor, but when the church was restored, the choir-screen on the south side was built over this memorial, and only a portion is now visible. Size. — I ft. 8 in. x 2 ft. 2 in. Description. — As mentioned above, only a portion of tins brass is now to be seen, but the late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett,F.S. A., of Haresfield Court, kindly gave me a rubbing of the whole memorial, which he had made before the cliurch was restored. In the centre stands Alex- ander Staples, vested in a long gown which nearly covers his feet. His hair and whiskers are cut short, around his neck and wrist are frills. The gown is faced with fur, and being slightly open in front, it reveals the buttons of the closely-fitting doublet. From his shoulders hang the then fashionable short sleeves, which are adorned with bars, probably of velvet. On either side, slightly turn- * V\e. 133. Child. 1890. Yate. j i. j i.u ■ u i j ed towards their husband, stands a wife. On his left is Avis, his first wife. She wears a French liood, or bonnet, with a ruff round her neck. Over * Figs. 131, 133, 134, are § scale and not J as the remaining illu.strations. Monumental Brasses. i8i her shoulders is a cape with an escalloped edge, a long dress thrown open to show her embroidered stomacher and richly- adorned petticoat, completes her outward attire. The second wife, Elizabeth, is somewhat similarly dressed, but she wears no cape. The sons are in close-fitting gowns with small lappets (133): the daughters resemble their mothers. Inscription. — Beneath is the following inscription : — *• Corpus area:aii&ri Staples lapis iste tuetur : Spiritus a:tberea sc^c bcatus erit., TRursus suprcmum tuba cum taratautara clangct Splrttui junciet mortua membra 2)eus. ^ercentum lustris octoDcnoque flucnte, JSernar&i, a Cbristo, conct&it, ipse Me, Sarum boc moesta suo poiiebat ]£li3a marito, Coujuciij sicjnum quoD pietatis crit. 22° augusti, 1591." •• The corpse of Alexander this stone shall safely keep. His spirit in the heavenly realms its blessedness shall reap. When the last trump with clangour loud the universe shall fill, God shall his soul and body join at His own holy will, Three hundred lustres fleeted by, years ninety-one beside. From Christ, His birth, on Bernard's feast when this our Staples died, With tears this stone to her loved lord has sad Eliza laid. Thus sign alike of wedlock's tie, and of her lord she made." Portions lost. — None. Illustrations. — None known. Memoir. — Thos. Staples, Esq., of the Middle Temple, 5th son of Alexander Staples, Esq., of Yate Court, Gloucestershire, was created a baronet of Ireland, i8th July, 1628. Lxxv.— OLecl^bampton. William Norwood, Esq., and wife Elizabeth [daughter of William Lygon, of Madresfield, Worcestershire] , 1598, aet. 50, with nine sons and two daughters, six elegiac verses, quad- rangular plate mural — Haines. Situation. — On the south wall of the south aisle, near the east end. Size. — I ft. lo in. x i ft. 11 in. Dfscr//)^/o».— This interesting brass affords a good example of the costume of a gentleman and a lady towards the end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, l82 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, William Norwood has his hair and beard closely cropped, but his moustache is allowed to grow. A stiff ruff encircles his neck, a fashion often noticed sarcastically by the writers of the period. His cloak covers the rest of his attire, except the top of his doublet and its tight-fitting sleeves. From the shoulders hang long false sleeves unadorned. Behind him kneel nine sons. Their hair is cut short, and they wear ruffs. Their cloaks appear to be sleeveless, and consequently we see more of the long-breasted doublet : on the three elder sons, this doublet is represented as fastened by a row of buttons, but the mode of fastening is not shown on the others. Their cloaks are short, so that the long hose from the knee are shown. Their feet are protected by low shoes. By the left side of the eldest son hangs a sword. Elizabeth Norwood wears a French hood with a hanging veil, a large ruff like her husband. The over-gown is thrown back a little, to show the plaited partlet. Her costume is marked by extreme simplicity and lack of embroidery work, which so lavishly bedecked the dresses at this period. Behind her kneel two daughters somewhat similarly attired, but with no veils to their head- dresses. The husband and wife are kneeling to a low fald-stool with a flat desk, on which two open books are lying. The book in front of William Norwood has leather thongs for fastenings, and the one before his wife has clasps. Heraldry — Over the fald- stool is their coat of arms (134): Ermineacrossgules, Norwood, impaling Argent, 2 lions passant gules Lygon. Above the wife and daughters is a scroll on which is engraved, Expecto donec veniat invitatio mea, " I wait until my summons may come." Inscription. — Below is the following inscription : — " ELIZABETHA NORWOODD, VXOR GVLIELMl NORWOODD ARMIGERI, CVI PEPERIT NOVEM FILIOS, FILIAS DVAS, *Figs. 131, 133, 134 are J scale, and not i as the remaining illustrations, *Fig. 134. Shield, c. Leckhampton. 1598. Monumental Brasses. 183 ANOS NATA 50 : APRILIS 16, ANO DNl I598, PIE ET FELICITER EXPIRAVIT IN CHRISTO. SCILICET VNDENA VIXI QV^. PROLE BEATA VNO NON POTVI FVNERE TOTA MORI LIBERIOR TOTV MIHI VITA EXCVRRIT IN ORBEM C.ELV ANIMA TENEO POSTERITATE SOLV SI TELLVRE PO LOQ. FRVOR DEVISA, NECESSE EST DEFVNCTA NVLLO ME PERIISSE LOCO. "Elizabeth Norwood, wife of William Norwood, Esq., to whom she bore nine sons, two daughters, having lived fifty years, she piously and peacefully died in Christ, on April i6, A.D. 1598. "I, who eleven times did multiply Myself on earth, cannot in one death die ; Rather my lively sprite both world's shall roam, Heaven is my soul's — earth is my offspring's home ; If then I freely range both spheres of space I perish not in any resting place." Portions lost. — None, and the whole composition is in a good state of preservation. Illustintions. — None. Memoir. — The family of Norwood is of high antiquity and consequence, and is regularly traced from John de Northwode, of Northwood Chasteners, in the Isle of Sheppey, Co. Kent. John de Northwode was summoned as a Baron of Parliament in 1294, which Barony became extinct in 1375. A descendant of a brother of the first Baron migrated into this country, and in consequence of his marriage with Eleanor Giffard became possessed of the manorial estate at Leckhampton. From him descended William Norwood, who married Elizabeth Lygon. The epitaphs of William and of his son Richard are thus given by Bigland : — " Here was buryed the body of William Norwood, Esq., who died September the 23, 1632. Here lyeth the body of Richard Norwood, the eldest son of William Norwood, Esqvyer, who deceased the xii. day of January, Anno Domini, 1630." The following interesting particulars are taken from Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica, edited by Dr. Howard, N.S.,vol.ii,p.43. The representation of the seal and autograph of William Norwood here given (135), are copied from a deed in the 184 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, possession of the late Rev. C. B. Trye, of Leckhampton Court. The indenture is dated 21 November, Jac. I., between Thomas Fogge, of Clerkenwell, in the county of Middlesex, Esq., William Norwood, of Leckhampton, in the county of Gloucester, Esquire, and Anne, his wife, mother of the said Thomas Fogge, John Sackville, of Sedlescombe in the county of Sussex, gentlemen, on the one part ; and Sir Samuel '^mm^ 'Fig- 135- Seal and Autograph of William Norwood. Peyton, of Knolton, in the County of Kent, Knight and Baronet, and Sir Robert Darrell, of Calehill, in the County of Kent, Knight, and Thomas Hales, of the City of Canter- bury, Esq., on the other part, relating to the manor of Southcombe, Kent. Anne (born 1555) daughter of Christopher Sackville, Esq., married Richard Fogge. of Tilmanshort, county Kent, Esq. He died 1598, October, leaving three daughters and Thomas Fogge, born 28 August, 1585, mentioned above. This Anne Sackwel appears from this deed to have married William Norwood, although in the pedigree entered by him in the Visitation of Gloucestershire, 1623, such fact is not men- tioned. The only wife ascribed him there is Elizabeth Lygon, by whom he had many children. He survived till 23 September, 1632. Elizabeth Norwood was a daughter of Wm. Lygon by Eleanor, daughter of Sir Wm. Dennes, Knt. She was grand- daughter of Sir Richard Lygon, Knt., who married Margaret, sole daughter and heiress of Sir William Greville,f of Arle Court, near Cheltenham, and by her the Lygons became possessed of that manor. * Kindly lent by Messrs. Mitchell & Hughes, Ye Wardour Press, London. t Vide No.XLVII. of this series, p. 113. C/ie/^e)f/iaw, Sir William Greville, 1513 Monumental Brasses. 185 Feet of Fines, 36 Eliz. Trinity. Betw. William Lygon, Esq., George Blunte, Esq., John Stywarde, Esq., and Augustin Stywarde, Esq., Q.,and William Norwoode,Esq.,and Elizabeth, his wife, def., of the Manor of Leckhampton, with app'ces and 60 mess., &c., and £2^ rent in Leckhampton, in CO. Glouc. And of the Manor of Uphatherley with app'ces and 2 mess., &c., and 2 shillings rent in Uphatherley, in the County of the City of Gloucester. W^hereupon, &c. Warranty to William Lygon, George, John, and Augustin, and the heirs of William, against William Norwood and Elizabeth, and the heirs of William. And for this, &c., they have given to William Norwood and Elizabeth, ^800. LXXVL-ciitfor^ Cbambers. Elizabeth, daughter of Hercules Raynsford and wife of Edward Marrowe, Esq., of Barkswell, Warwickshire, i5oi, loose. — Haines. Position. — When I rubbed this brass in 1882, the two pieces forming this memorial were lying loose in the church, but I have much pleasure in adding that at the restoration in 1887, they were let into a stone slab, and erected over the door between the chancel and vestry, on the north wall with the other monuments of the Raynsfords. The original position of these fragments could not be ascertained, so it was thought by the rector and the architect (Mr. John Cotton, Birmingham) desirable to place them with the other Raynsford memorials altogether on the north side of the chancel. Size. — 2 ft. 7 in. x 10 in. and i ft. 9 in. x 6^ in. Description. — Elizabeth Marrowe has her hair well brushed back from the temples, she wears a French hood of the shape popularly appropriated to Mary, Queen of Scots, but this is nearly wholly hidden by a huge calash which covers the head and shoulders, and falls down behind the back nearly to the ground. A stiff ruflf encircles her neck, but none are worn at the wrists ; instead neat cuffs appear. An embroidered stomacher peaked in front relieves the plain- ness of the rest of her costume. A slight farthingale supports the weight of her skirts, which barely reach her ankles. Low thick-soled shoes with a rosette in front encase her feet (136). 1 86 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. In her arms she carries a little babe wrapped in swaddling clothes. Over its head is thrown a small hood, a little ruff is round its throat, and on its breast is a plaited bib. Fig. 136. Elizabeth|Marrowe. Clifford Chambers. 1601. She is represented erect, slightly turned to her right, and holding her babe on her right arm. Monumental Brasses. 187 Fig. 137. Shield. 1601. Clifford Chambers. See p. 174. Inscription. — Beneath is this inscription : — VNDER THIS STONE LYETH THE BODY OF ELIZABETH | DAVGHTER OF HERCVLES RAINSFORD OF CLIFFORD IN YE | COVNTY OF GLOC : ESQVIRE, MARRIED TO EDWARD MAR | ROWE SONNE AND HEIRE OF SAMVELL MARROWE | OF BARKSWELL IN THE COVNTIE OF WARWICK ESQ | WH ELIZABETH DECEASED THE 29 OF OCTOB' 160I. Heraldry. — In Rudder, mention is made of another piece of "brass" on which was " a scutcheon, Baron and femme. i. Argent, a /esse engrailed sable between 3 boars' heads couped proper for Marrowe. 2. — Rains/ord as above,"* which is Argent, a cross sable (137). This at the restoration in 1887 was placed over the head of Ehz. Marrowe. Illustrations. — Bristol and Glouces- tershire Archaeological Society Trans. Vol. XIV. plate 7. Portions lost. — A part of the shield. Memoir. — Edward Marrowe, of Berkswell, Warwickshire, son and heir of Samuel Marrowe, is represented in Dugdale's Waruickshire, p. 718, as having married Ursula, daughter of Rich. Fienes, Lord Say and Sele : by her he had Samuel his heir, Thomas, Edward, Franciscus, Georgius, Johannes: he died anno 1632. In Camden's Visitation, 1619 {Harleiun Society Publications), " Sir Edw. Marowe, of Barkswell, Kt." is shown as having been married twice, ist to " Elizb. Da., of — Barnes, of Gainsfford, of Gloucest., by whom he had one child, Elizabeth, and secondly to Ursula, as given above. " Barnes, of Gainsfford, of Gloucest.," was very probably Hercules Rainsford, of Clififord Chambers. In the Raynsford pedigree in the Genealogist, vol. II, it is stated that Elizabeth, daughter of Hercules Raynsford, married Edward, son of Samuel Marrowe, of Berkswell. LXXViL— TKHormiUGton. Anne, eldest daughter of Richard Daston, and wife of John Savage, Esq., of Nobury, Worcestershire, 1605, JE. 25, in childbed, with infant, marginal inscription. — Haines. ' "^ • See p. 174. 1 88 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Position. — Affixed to the south wall of the chancel. Size. — 2 ft. 9 in. X 2 ft. 4 in. ' Description. — Anne Savage is represented in bed with her babe lying on the coverlid near her. The bed is one of the old-fashioned " four-posters." The curtains are looped back to the posts. She lies propped up by a high pillow, the coverlid is neatly turned down, and a fringed rug is thrown Fig. 138. Anne Savage. 1605. Wormington. over her. She wears a close cap, and a close fitting dress with an embroidered front. Her arms rest on the coverlid, and her hands are clasped in prayer. Her babe is swathed in long bands round its under clothes and over its head (138). Monumental Brasses. 189 Inscription. — Beneath is this inscription : — FILIOLVS, CONIVX, PATER EFFERA FATA QVERVTVR QViE DiLECTAM Annam Sauage eripvere marito ET PRIMOGENITAM Daston VELVT ALTERA PH.ENIX DVM PARIT ILLA PERIT, DVM PARTVRIT, INTERIT Anna Anna anima e ccelo lvstris iam qvinqve peractis IN CGELVM REDIJT SED TERRA HUIC OSSA RELIQVIT. This may be rendered : — Child, spouse, and sire the cruel fate lament Which tore their Anna from their husband's love Her father's firstborn offspring — but she went, E'en as a Phoenix seeks to rise above. Dying, new life she gave, she passed away Leaving the promise of a longer day. Five lustres from heaven's court her soul had strayed Now thither mounts — in eartli her bones are laid. Around the margin is : — HERE LYETH BVRIED THE BODYE OF ANNE | SAVAGE THE WIFE OF lOHN SAVAGE | OF NOBVRY IN THE COVNTY OF WORCESTER [ XVII. DAY OF JUNE, 1605, BEINGE OF | This inscription is not now complete. Fig. 139. Shields. 1605. VVormington. Heraldry. — Fixed on either side of the brass are two shields : — Argent, six lions rampant sable — Savage, and Quarterly, one and four, Gules on abend or three mullets sable. Daston. Two and three, or a fess wavy between six billets I go Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. sable, DuMBLETON. (139)- These arms also appear on the brass to Anthony Daston, 1572, in Broadway Church. Illustrations. — 1 know of none. Portions lost. — A part of the marginal inscription. Memoir. — The inscription tells of her being the eldest daughter of Richard Daston : he died seized of property in Wormington held of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and left by Ann his wife two sons, Anthony and Edward. In the Parish Registers of Broadway occurs this entry : — Baptisms, 1580, May 22, Anne, daughter of Mr. Richard Daston. Lxxviii.-Hbbenball. Richard Pyrke, of Micheldean, i6og, est. 60, and wife Joan, daughter of John Ayleway, Gent., with their sons, Thomas and Robert. Chancel. — Haines. Position. — On the floor in the middle of the chancel. Size. — 5 ft. Sin. x 2 it. 2 in. Description. — In accordance with the prevailing custom of this period, Richard Pyrke has his beard and hair closely trimmed, but the moustache is not so closely cut. He wears a long gown with false sleeves, beneath is seen the peascod doublet, above which is a stiffly plaited ruff. Trunk hose and low shoes complete his outward apparel. Joan has her hair well brushed back into a hood, above which is a broad-rimmed hat, wreathed round the crown ; this headdress was generally worn by persons living in the country. A stiff ruff is round her neck. She wears a long bodied stomacher with rounded point at the waist, and plainly plaited. A slight hoop supports her dress, which barely reaches her insteps. Her low shoes have thick soles and are fastened by a little rosette. On a plate of brass beneath are engraved the figures of their two sons. The one wears a long gown reaching to his heels, above is a broad collar instead of the ruff. The gown conceals the rest of his clothing except the sleeves of the doublet. The other son wears a short cloak with a broad collar. The doublet is fastened at the waist by a buckle, but the characteristic buttons down the front are not shewn. He wears trunk hose, tight stockings, and low shoes (140). Monumental Brasses. igi All are erect, with hands uplifted in the attitude of prayer. The husband has his wife on his left, and is slightly turned towards her, and she is slightly turned towards him. The sons are both slightly turned to their left. Fig. 140. Thomas and Robert Pyrke. 1609. Abbenhall. Inscription. — Between the figures of the husband and wife and those of their sons is the following inscription : — HERE LYETH THE BODY OF RICHARD PYRKE OF MICHELL DEANE I IN THE COVNTYE OF GLOVR & IOHAN' HIS WIFE YE DAUGHTER OF lOHN AYLEWAY GENT : WCH RICHARD DIED THE 23 DAYE OF OCTOBER ANNO DNI 1609 AGED LX YEARES. On another plate of brass below the sons is : — HERE LYETH THE BODIES OF THOMAS PYRKE & | ROBT PYRKE SONNES OF THE SAID RICHARD & IOHAN' WCH THOMAS DIED THE DAY OF ANNO DNI AGED ROBT DIED YE I DAY OF ANNO DNI AGED The blank spaces in this inscription have not been filled up. 192 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. On the stone below this inscription are cut the following words : — HERE LYETH THE BODYE OF | DUNCOMBE PYRKE 2D SON OF NATH. PYRKE, ESQR., WH DEPARTED | THIS LIFE OCTR QTH ANO DNI 1725 I ^TATIS SU^ 34 Between the heads of husband and wife is : — CHRISTVS MIHI VITA MORS MIHI LVCRVM. which may be rendered " Christ is my life, Death to me is gain." Illustrations. — None. Portions Lost. — A piece of the wife's head-dress. LxxIx.-'Q:o^enbam. William Molton, Esq., 1614, and wife MilHcent, daughter of Gilse Spencer, Esq., of Nurthen, Warwickshire, 1604. Out of 12 children he left 3 married. 12 English verses, mural, chancel. — Haines. Position. — Over the vestry door on the north wall of the chancel. Size. — 2 ft. 6 in. X I ft. loi in. Description. — William Molton is dressed in the ordinary costume of the period. His hair and beard are cut close. He wears doublet with broad cuffs, trunk hose, and low shoes, over all he wears a short sleeveless cloak. The stiff ruft is still sported. His wife has her hair well brushed back into a small hood, from her shoulders spring an enormous projection — the calash headdress ; within is a large stiff ruff", much like that of her companion. Her peaked stomacher is braided horizontally. Over her shoulders is a small cape, her long dress covers her feet. Both are shown nearly facing each other, kneeling on hassocks with tassels at each corner on a tiled pavement. Between them is an altar on which is a double reading desk, and a book lies open before each of them. Above the desk is a coat of arms. (141). The whole brass plate has a twisted cable ornament for border. Monumental Brasses. 193 Inscription. — Beneath is a long inscription : — Stay Passenger this tvmb doth hovld A coffin fvll of holy movld If vertve have a grave lo heer Religiovs care and love syncere, Wise goverment and zeale wel led A davntlese covrage hvmble dread Bo\nty of hand and chere of face Good natvre perfected by grace And which gave lyfe to all the rest A trve harte in a fravde lese brest If these on earth were lately mist Lo whear they ly in Movltone chist. HEERE LYETHE BODYES OF WILLIAM MOLTON, OF TODDENHAM, ESQ., AND MILLICENT HIS WYFE, DAVGHTER OF GILSE SPENCER, OF NVRTHEN OF WARWICKSHIRE, ESQ., WHICH MILL! CENT DYED THE 10 OF DESEMBER, 1604 AND WILLIAM AFTER LOVNG SIKNES DYED THE VI. OF lANUARY, 1614, HAVING BEFORE HIS DEATH MARIED 3 DAVGHTERS THE ONLY CHILDREN THEN REMAYNING OF 12, WHERE OF THE I WAS MARYED TO THOMAS BAVFOV, ESQ., SONNE AND HEIER TO SER THOMAS BAVFOV, KNIGHT, THE 2 TO RICHARD SAVADGE, SONNE AND HEYER OF WALTER SAVADGE, ESQ., THE 3 TO WILLIAM WILLOVGHBY, OF NORMANTON, ESQ. Heraldry. — Argent, three bars gules charged with sevenl^escallops, three, two and two, Molton, impaling azure, six sea-mews' heads erased argent, Spencer. Fig. 141. Shield. 1604. Todenham. Illustrations. — None. Portions lost. — None. 194 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Lxxx.-/iDinet^. [Nich Poulett, Esq.] in arm, and wife [Marg. daughter of Thos. Hungerford] c. 1620, with 4 children, Amyes, Elizth, Mary, Edight, inscription covered (?) quadrangular plate, mural. North Aisle. — Haines. Position. — On North wall of North Aisle. Size. — I ft. 8 in. X I ft. Description. — The husband is represented bare-headed, the beard trimmed to a point which rests on the stiff ruff round his neck ; the paldrons have an escalloped edge, the cuirass is plain with a projecting edge, to it are attached tasses buckled over his trunk hose. The arms and legs are encased in plate armour and tlie hinges and rivets are plainly shewn ; spurs with rowels not clearly defined are fastened to the jambs, a broad sword belt hangs loosely, on his right side a dagger, on his left a sword. One son, Ames, kneels behind him, of who^e dress only the ruff and long cloak with false sleeves are shown. Mary Powlett has a French hood with a pendent veil. Like her husband she wears the cumbrous ruff, the sleeves of her dress are of moderate size, with ornamental wings on the shoulder. Her peaked stomacher is fastened by a sash, the gown is thrown back to show the petticoat ornamented by scales. Behind her kneel three daughters, Elizabeth, Mary and Edight, who are dressed similarly to their mother, except the shoulders have no ornaments and their petticoats are plain. The husband and wife are kneeling with hands clasped in prayer on tasselled cushions facing each other, the wife being on the husband's left hand ; the family kneel on the tiled pavement. Behind is a pillar in the middle, thus dividing the wall into two compartments. Over the heads of the figures are the names of those commemorated ; starting on the left they read as follows : — AMES POWLETT, NICOLAS POWLETT, MARY POWLETT, ELIZABETH, MARY, EDIGHT. Heraldry. — On the wall at the back of the father and son is a shield : — Sable, three swords in pile, the points in base, argent, pomels and hilts or, Powlett. On the left of the shield is a dexter arm in armour, gauntletted, brandishing a Monumental Brasses. 195 sword, and on the right, a dexter hand, bare, holding a sword bearing the label, gardes la foy (Keep the faith) — the Powlett crest. Above the wife is a shield: — Sable, two bars ermine, in chief three plates, a crescent for difference, Hungerford. On the left is a garb between two sickles proper, rising from a crown, on the right three sickles braced in a triangle with a mullet in the centre. On the wall beneath of svfferans COMES EASE. (142). wmmi >k fM^ Fig. 142. Crests. 1620. Minety. Illustrations. — None. Purtioits Lost. — There is no inscription. Memoir. — Rudder says : " I take this Nich's Powlett to be second son of Sir Hugh Powlett, who died in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and was ancester to the present Earl Poulet." He married Mary, daughter of Thomas Hungerford. of the Lea, Wiltshire. In the Visitation of Gloucestershire only one son is mentioned, Amyas, of Thornbury, who married Christian, daughter of Purnell, of Wooton. They had one son, William, "4 yere old, 1623." There are no Paulet entries in the Minety Parish Registers, and no inscrip- tion, so the Rev. W. W. A. Butt, M.A., informs me. Lxxxi.— Cirencester. Mr. John Gunter, 1624, aet. 89, buried at Kintbury, Berks, and wife, Alice, 1626, set. 86. Jo. Plat, their son-in-law, and executor pos. St. Catherine's Chapel. — Haines. Position. — Lady Chapel. Size. — I ft. 10 in. x i ft. 8| in. Description. — For the following account of this brass I am indebted to a paper " On the Monumental Brasses at Ciren- cester," by the Rev. W. E. Hadow, M.A., and published in the Transactions of the Bristol and Gloucestershire Archaeo- logical Society for 1877. 196 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. 1624. "John Gunter and his wife are represented in the stiff dresses of the latter part of the sixteenth and early part of the seventeenth centur}', from Elizabeth's later years to the beginning of Charles I.'s reign. The man wears a long furred robe, the sleeves of which are or- namented with velvet and shewing the sleeves of the doublet beneath. Around his neck is a ruff, and frills round his wrists, the head is bare and the beard is cut in the quaint and formed way not uncom- mon in the time of James I. The woman wears a broad brimmed hat (143), a ruff round the neck, and a stiff-bodied full- buttoned dress with tight sleeves. The inferiority of the execution of this brass to those of earlier date is very apparent, and the attempt to give the effect of shading by means of hatched lines is very poor. It is, however, very usual in brasses of this and subsequent periods." The brass at Kintbury is an exact copy of this brass, with the exception of the inscription. Inscription. — The inscription is in capitals : — MR. JOHN GUNTER AND ALICE HIS WIFE BEING FULL AS OF YEARS SO OF BOUNTY AND CHARITY ARE GATHERED | TO THEIR FATHERS IN PEACE. SHEE WAS HERE BURYED | 18° MARTII AO. DNI, 1626, AGED 86 YEARFS. HEE WAS | BURYED AT KYNT- BURY IN THE COUNTY OF BERKS | WITH THE LIKE MONUMENT 2D JANVARII, AO. DNI | 1624, AGED 89 YEARS. | JoS. PlAT Ar. EORONDM. GeNER ET ExECR HoC POSUIT. Fig. 143. Alice Gunter. Cirencester. Fig. 144. Shield. 1624. Kintbury. Monumental Brasses. 197 Heraldry. — The shield is lost at Cirencester, but fortu- nately it still remains at Kintbury, where it is charged: — Sable, three sinister gauntlets argent, with a crescent for difference. Gunter. (144)- IlUistrations. — None. Portions lost. — Shield. Memoir. — By the kindness of the Rev. A. W. H. Edwards, M.A., Vicar of Kintbury, I copied the following from the Kintbury Registers: — " 1624, John Gunter, gent' was buried the second day of January." Tradition says his brother was slain in trying to save John Hampden, at the Battle of Chalgrave Field, June, 1643. LXXXii.-iBnstol, St 3ames. Henry Gibbes and wife Ann, not recorded by Haines, Size. — I ft. 7 in. x 2 ft. 2 in. Description. — Henry Gibbes has short hair, beard, and moustache. Around his neck is a widely plaited frill. His gown is long with fur edged and short full sleeves also edged with fur. The sleeve of the doublet is seen from the elbow, at the wrist is a frill. His shoes are low with high heels. Behind him kneel four sons with curly hair, beard and moustache. One son has a collar with a frilled edge both at neck and wrists, and others have plain collars. They wear loose cloaks with wide lappets. The doublet is shewn, also the shoes with high heels. Ann Gibbes is wearing a low hat with a wide brim depressed before and behind. A wide frill is round her neck and on her shoulders a cape. The sleeves of her dress are moderately full with turned down cuffs with escalloped edges at the wrist. Her dress is long and flowing. The four daughters kneeling behind her are dressed like their mother except that one wears a cap with brim turned back, thus showing her face. The husband is represented much larger in size than his wife. They were all kneeling with hands upraised in prayer. Between husband and wife, who kneel on cushions, is a table draped, and on it a reading desk with a book before each. Over the desk is a winged skull bearing an hour-glass (145). Monumental Brasses. 199 Inscription. — Beneath is this inscription : — HERE LYETH YE BODY OF HENRY GIBBES SOME TIME MAYER & I ALLDERMAN OF THIS CITTY WHO HAD ISSVE BY ANN HIS WIFE 4 I SONNES & 4 DAVGHTERS HEE DEPARTED THIS LIFE THE I9TH DAY I OF MAY ANNO d'nI : 1636 : AGED 73 | ALSO HERE LYETH YE BODY OF ANN GIBBBS WIFE VNTO YE I ABOVE NAMED HENRY GIBBES WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE — THE I5TH DAY OF DECEMB' : ANNO DNI 163I. AGED 70. Illustrations. — None. Portions lost. — None. Memoir. — Henry Gibbs, brewer, resided in St. James' Back, at that time a very different neighbourhood to the present, as the remains of mediaeval mansions testify. He was a son of W. Gibbes. Bedminster. He married Anne, the sister of Matthew Warren, and was Mayor in 1624 His third son PliiHp went to Barbadoes and was ancestor of Sir PhiHp Gibbs, Bart. During his official year it was ordered that "no burgess of this city should buy any merchandise from strangers within the liberties of this city on pain to lose 12 pence on every pound." His daughter Elizabeth married Thomas Lloyd, Mary married Richard Neathaway, Margaret married William Bird, and the fourth daughter married Walter Stevens, the leader of the iconoclastic mob who, in 1642, destro\ ed tlie Virgin Mary Chapel on Bristol Bridge. "On his route from Plymouth to London, Galigha, a Turkish Pasha, arrived in Bristol, March 31st, and was royally entertained by the Mayor, Henry Gibbes." — Bristol Past and Present. Summary, The Monumental Brasses are scattered all over the county of Gloucester, from Clifford Chambers in the north to Bristol in the south, from Lechlade in the east to Micheldean in the west. A^ may be anticipated, the parish churches of the Woolstaplers at Chipping Campden, Cirencester and North- leach, contain many more Brasses than occur in other parts of the county. The city of Gloucester, with its magnificent cathedral, is not well represented on the list — matrices tell the sad tale of spoliation. The Brasses may be divided into the following classes: — I. ECCLESIASTICAL. Nameless Priest (21), c. 1460, Temple Church, Bristol, p. 58; Robert Lond (22), 1461, St. Peter's, Bristol, p. 58; Ralph Parsons (29), 1478, Cirencester, p. 75; Priest (31), c. 1480, Cirencester, p. 81 ; eldest son of John and Elyn Hampton (46) c. 1510, Minchinhampton, whilst their eldest daughter, Dame Alice, is habited as a nun, p. 1 10 ; Priest (53), c. 1520, Dowdeswell, p. 124; William Lawnder (61), c. 1530, Northleach, p. 139; These call for no special comment with the exception of Priest (31), c. 1480, Cirencester, who is in a cassock. II. MILITARY. Thomas, 4th Lord Berkeley (2), 1392, Wotton-under- Edge, p. 2; Sir Morys Russel (8), 1401, Dyrham, p. 25; Richard Dixton (12), 1438, Cirencester, p. 33; Man in Armour (16), c. 1445, Newland, p. 44; William Prelatte (24), 1462, Cirencester, p. 62 ; Philip Mede (27), 1475, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 69 ; John Tame (40), 1500, Fairford, p. 98 ; Morys and Sir Walter Denys (44), 1505, Olveston, p. 106; Roger Porter, (56), 1523, Newent, p. 129; Sir Summary. 201 Edmond Tame (62 & 63), 1534, Fairford, p. 141; Sir John Greville (65), 1546, Weston-upon-Avon, p. 158 ; Sir Edward Greville, (56), 1559, Weston-upon-Avon, p. 162 ; Hercules Raynsford (70), 1583, Clifford Chambers, p. 172; Nicholas Poulett (80), c. 1620, Minety, p. 194. III. JUDICIAL. Sir John Cassey (4), 1400, Deerhurst, p. lo ; Sir John Juyn (13), 1439, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 37 ; Sir William Greville (47), 1513, Cheltenham, p. 113; John Brook (55), 1522, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 127. John Edward (23), 1461, Rodmarton, is termed inlege peritus. IV. CIVILIAN (excluding children). Civilian (3), 1396, Temple Church, Bristol, p. g ; Wine Merchant (?), (5), c. 1400, Cirencester, p. 16; Wool Merchant (6), c. 1400, Northleach, p. ig ; William Grevel (7), 1401, Chipping Campden, p. 21 ; John Barstaple (9), 141 1, Trinity Almshouses, Bristol, p. 28 ; Robert Page (14), 1440, Ciren- cester, p. 39 ; Reginald Spycer (15), 1442, Cirencester, p. 42 ; Thomas Fortey, William Scors (17), 1447, Northleach, p. 48; William Welley (18), 1450, Chipping Campden, p. 51 ; John Townsend (19), c. 1450, Lechlade, p. 52 ; John Fortey (20), 1458, Northleach, p. 54 ; John Lethenard (25), 1467, Chipping Campden, p. 66; William Notyngham (26), c. 1470, Cirences- ter, p. 68; Thomas Rowley (28), 1478, St. John, Bristol, p. 73; John Jay (30), c. 1480, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 76; Civilian (32), c. 1480, Cirencester, p. 81 ; William Gybbys (33), 1484, Chipping Campden, p. 82 ; Woolman (35), c. 1485, Northleach, p. 87; John Taylour (36), c. 1490, Northleach, p. 89; John Ceysyll (37), 1493, Tormarton, p. 91 ; John Benet (38), 1497, Cirencester, p. 94; John Camber (39), 1497, Sevenhampton, p. 95 ; Civilian (42), c. 1500, Minchinhampton, p. 103 ; Robert Serche (43), 1501, Northleach, p. 105; John Twinyhow (45), c. 1510, Lechlade, p. log ; Edward Halyday (51), 1519, Minchinhampton, p. 122 ; W^alter Hichman (54), 1521, Kempsford, p. 126; William Freme (58), 1526, Berkeley, p. 132 ; Thomas Bushe (59), 1526, Northleach, p. 135 ; John Seames (63a), 1540, St. John, Gloucester, p. 149 ; John Cook 202 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. (64), 1544, Crypt Church, Gloucester, p. 154; Richard Coton (67), 1560, Whittington, p. 163 ; Nicholas Thorne (68), 1570, Grammar School, Bristol, p. 165 ; William Gyttyns (71), 1586, St. Werburgh, Bristol, p. 176; Philip Marner (72), 1587, Cirencester, p. 177 ; William Hodges (73), 1590, Weston-sub- Edge, p, 179; Alexander Staples (74), 1590, Yate, p. 180; William Norwoodd (75), c. 1598, Leckhampton, p. 181 ; Richard Pyrke (78), 1609, Abbenhall, p. 190; William Molton (79), 1614, Todenham, p. 192 ; John Gunter (81), 1624, Ciren- cester, p. 195 ; Henry Gibbes (82), 1636, St. James, Bristol, p. 197. V. LADIES (excluding children). These may be divided into two classes : [a) those who are represented by themselves ; {h) those who are with their husbands. [a) Lady (i) c. 1370, Winterbourne, p. i ; Isabella Barstaple (10), <;. 141 1, Trinity Almshouses, Bristol, p. 28; Joan Clopton (11), c. 1430, Quinton, p. 30; Lady, Palimpsest (21), c. 1460, Temple Church, Bristol, p. 58; Mary and Alice, wives of Thomas Baynham (34), c. 14S5, Micheldean, p. 83 ; Katharine Sewell (48), 1515, Bisley, p. 115 ; Elizabeth Knevet (49), 1518, Eastington. p. 117; Alys and Agnes, wives of William Henshawe (50), 1519, St. Michael, Gloucester, p. 119; Lady (52), c. 1520, Deerhurst, p. 124 ; Elizabeth Rowdon (57), 1525, Deerhurst, p. 131 ; Two Ladies (60), c. 1530, Ciren- cester, p. 138; Avice Tyndall (69), 1571, Thornbury, p. 169; Elizabeth Marrowe (76), 1601, Clifford Chambers, p. 185; Anne Savage (77), 1605, Wormington, p. 187. {b) Margaret, wife of Lord Berkeley (2), 1392, Wotton- under-Edge, p. 2; Alice Cassy (4), 1400, Deerhurst, p. 10; Margaret (5), c. 1400, Cirencester, p. 16; Wife (6), c. 1400, Northleach, p. 19 ; Marion Grevel (7), 1401, Chipping Campden, p. 21; Isabel Russel (8), 1401, Dyrham, p. 25 ; Margaret Page (14). 1440, Cirencester, p. 39 ; Margaret Juliana, Margaret, Joan Spycer (15), 1442, Cirencester, p. 42 ; Wife (16), c. 1445, Newland, p. 44; Agnes Scors (17), 1447, Northleach, p. 48; Alice Welley (18), 1450, Chipping Campden, p. 51 ; ..Townsend (19), c. 1450, Lechlade, p. 52; Agnes and Joan Prelatte (24), 1462, Cirencester, p. 62 ; Joan Lethenard (25), 1467, Chipping Campden, p. 66 ; Cristina Summary. 203 Nottingham (26), c. 1470, Cirencester, p. 68; and Isabel Mede (27), 1475, St. Alary Redcliff, J>ristol, p. 69; Margaret Rowley (28), 1478, St. John, Bristol, p. 28 ; Joan Jay (30), c. 1480, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 76 ; Wife (32), c. 1480, Cirencester, p. 81 ; Alice, Alargaret and Marion Gybbys (33), 14S4, Chipping Campden, p. 82; Wife (35), c. 1485, Northleach, p. 87 ; Joan Taylour (36), c. 1490, North- leach, p. 89; Agnes Benet (38), 1497, Cirencester, p. 94; Alice Tame (40), 1500, Fairford, p. 98; Wife (42), c. 1500, Minchinhampton, p. 103 ; Anne Serche (43), 1501, Northleach, p. 105 ; Elyn Hampton (46), c. 1510, Minchinhampton, p. no; Greville (47), 1513, Cheltenham, p. 113; Mar- gery Halyday (51), 1519, Minchinhampton, p. 122; Crestyan Hichman (54), 1521, Kempsford, p. 126; Joan Brook (55), 1522, St. Mary Redcliff, Bristol, p. 127; Joan Bushe (59), 1526, Northleach, p. 135 ; Agnes and Elizabeth Tame (62, ^S)' i534» Fairford, p. 141 ; Elizabeth and Agnes Seames 63A), 1540, St. John, Gloucester, p. 149 ; Joan Cook (64), 1544, Crypt Church, Gloucester, p. 154; Margaret Coton (67), 1560, Whittington, p. 163; Mary and Bridget Thorne (68), 1570, Grammar School, Bristol, p. 165; Elizabeth Raynsford (70), 1583, Clifford Chambers, p. 172; Mary Gyttyns (71), 1586, St. W^erburgh, Bristol, p. 176 ; Avis and Elizabeth Staples (74), 1590, Yate, p. 180 ; Elizabeth Nor- woodd (75), c. 1598, Leckhampton, p. 181 ; Joan Pyrke (78), 1609, Abbenhall, p. 190; Millicent Molton (79), 1614, Toden- ham, p. 192; Mary Poulett (80), c. 1620, Minety, p. 194; Alice Gunter (81), 1626, Cirencester, p. 195 ; Ann Gibbes (82), 1636, Bristol, St. James, p. 197. VI. CHILDREN. Robert Page (14) has fourteen children, p. 39 ; On Thomas Fortey's brass (17) are eight children, p. 48 ; John Jay ^30) has fourteen children, p. 76 ; William Gybbys (33) has thirteen children, p. 82 ; W'oolman (35) has four children, p. 87 ; John Taylour (36) has fifteen children, p. 89 ; Robert Serche (43) has four children, p. 105 ; John Hampton (46) has nine children, p. no ; Sir W^illiam Greville (47) has eleven children, p. 113; Katherine Sewell (48) has twelve children, p. 115; Walter Hichman (54) has four children, p. 126 ; Sir Edmond 204 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. Tame (62) has five children, p. 141 ; Nicholas Thorne (68) has ten children, p. 165 ; Hercules Raynsford (70) has three children, p. 172; William Gyttyns (71) has ten children, p. 176; Alexander Staples (74) has eleven children, p. 180; William Norwoodd (75) has eleven children, p. 181 ; Elizabeth Marrowe (76) has one child, p. 185; Anne Savage (77) has one child, p. 187; Richard Pyrke (78) has two children, p. 190; Nicholas Poulett (80) has four children, p. 194; Henry Gibbes (82) has eight children, p. 197. See the inscription to John Seames (63a), the father of six and twenty, p. 152. Vn. ECCENTRIC. Two of the brasses may be recorded under this head : John and Elyn Hampton (46) are in shrouds, p. no; and Anne Savage (77) is in bed, p. 187. VHI. CANOPIES. Groined canopies may be seen on Wine Merchant (5), p. 16 , John Jay (30), p. 76 ; John Cook (64), p. 154. Canopies are also shewn on Sir John Cassy (4), p. 10 ; William Grevel (7), p. 21 ; Sir Morys Russel (8), p. 25 ; John Barstaple (9) and Isabella Barstaple (10), p. 28; Joan Clopton (11), p. 30; Richard Dixton (12), p, 33 ; Robert Page (14), p. 39 ; Thomas Fortey (17), p. 48 ; John Fortey (20), p. 54; John Jay (30), p. 76 ; Thomas Bushe (59), p. 135. This last is a very interest- ing example. IX. COATS OF ARMS. Sir John Cassy (4), p. 10 ; Wine Mercliant (5), p. 16 ; William Grevel (7), a merchant's mark appears on the same memorial, p. 21 ; Sir Morys Russel (&), p. 25 ; Isabella Barstaple (9), p. 28; Joan Clopton (11), p. 30; Richard Dixton (12), p. 33; Sir John Juyn (13), p. 37; Man in Armour (16), the crest is worthy of notice, it represents a "free-miner," p. 44; Philip Mede (27), p. 6g ; Thomas Rowley (28), also a merchant's mark, p. 73 ; John Tame (40), p. 98 ; Morys Denys (44), p. 106 ; Elizabeth Knevet (49), p. 117; Roger Porter (56) p. 129 ; Thomas Bushe (59), Arms of the Merchants of the Staple of Calais, p. 135 ; Sir Edmond Suniniary 205 Tame (62 and 63), p. 141 ; Sir John Greville (65), p. 158; Sir Edward Greville (66), p. 162 ; Nicholas Thorne (68), p. 165 , Hercules Raynsford (70), p. 172 ; William Norwoodd (75)> P- 181 ; Elizabeth Marrowe (76), p. 185 ; Anne Savage (77), p. 187; William Molton (79), p. 192 ; Nicholas Poulett (80), p. 194. For a list of those whose armorial bearings are blazoned see the Index s.v. Heraldry. X. MERCHANTS' MARKS. William Grevel (7), p. 21 ; John Barstaple (9), p. 28 ; Robert Page (14), p. 39 ; Reginald Spycer (15), p. 42 : Jolm Fortey (20), p. 54 ; Thomas Rowley (28), p. 73 ; John Jay (30), p. 76 ; Woolman (35), p. 87 ; John Taylour (36), p. 89 ; John Twinyhow (45), p. 109 ; Edward Hal3'day (51), p. 122 , Walter Hichman (3^), p. 126; Thomas Bushe (59), p. 135. XI. BREAKS IN INSCRIPTIONS. Sir John Cassy (4), p. 10; Joan Clopton (11), p. 30; Sir John Juyn (13), p. 37 ; Thomas Fortey (17), p. 48 ; John Ceysyll (37), p. 91. LOST BRASSES. Among one of the most painful duties which may fall to the chronicler is to deplore what is lost. With monumental brasses one has often the melancholy satisfaction of seeing the matrix, or indent, or casement of the brass ; and one can from these indents call up vividly the shape of the brass, and oftentime fill in the blank space with the incised memento of the departed worthy. The Rev. H. Haines records that the brasses have been " lost at Bishop's Cleeve, Churchdown, Painswick, and St. John the Baptist, Gloucester. At Churcham is the matrix of a large cross 14th Century." Fortunately portions of one of those lost at St. John the Baptist, Gloucester, have been found, and are described see p. 149. MATRICES. The following remarks are arranged under the names of the places where the brasses originally were. In some instances the matrices are left, and are noticed ; in the re- maining ones the descriptions taken from the County Histories are given. Babininton. " There is a grey marble flatstone, inlaid with brass, upon which are engraved the figures of two knights; in a scutcheon, a lion rampant, and round the edge, in old black letters, TRaDulpbus :i6otiler, /iRilcs tfomums"— Rudder. The Vicar, Rev. G. H. Ford, B.A., writes under date 4th January, i8g8: "There is no trace of any brasses in Badminton Church." JBisbop's CIeev>c. Rudder says: "There is also the figure of a military person upon a brass plate fixt on a stone in the chancel, with Lost Brasses. 207 his arms, fhrge piles, and this inscription in old character: — aimigci- qui obiit un&cclmo Die mensis Julij m.ccc"lix> quiiito cuius aic p'picietur Deus amen." Atkyns records : " Tliere is an effigies, in the chancel, of a soldier in brass, who died 1370." The Rev. Thos. Jesson, M.A., under date January 6th, 1898, informs me that he can find no traces of any old brass in Bishop's Cleeve Church. Cburcbam. Not mentioned by Rudder, but Haines chronicles a large XIV cent, cross. The Rev. W. J. Selby, under date January 4th, i8g8, writes: "I cannot find any trace of the cross; the church has, however, been twice restored since 1861 (once in conse- quence of fire), and consequently a great deal of the old work is gone." (IburcbDown- Not mentioned by Rudder. Cirencester. A. — An angel and lily pot, c. 1460, man, wife and children lost, north aisle. — Haines. In the north aisle is a slab measuring 36in. x 3oin., the lily pot is in situ, there are indents, one on each side, and below the indents of the heads of man and wife. Possibly when Mr. Haines saw the slab it was more perfect. On the pillar near is the Angel Gabriel, and careful measure- ment shews that it will fit the indent on the left of the lily pot, and most probably there was a representation of the Virgin Mary on the opposite side, the whole composition representing the Annunciation. The Angel nimbed is three-quarters face and turned to his right and holding a mace in his right hand and a book in his left. The lily pot much resembles a modern Fig 146. Lily Pot, . , , r n • c. 1460. Cirencester, cream jug and three sprays ot tloweruig lilies are in it (146). 2o8 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, B. — A civilian and wife, circa 1500, with four sons, one in academicals, and three daughters, between them a pot of lilies mutilated ; the wife, daughters and lily pot (which is loose), are now on the same slab with two female effigies ; inscription lost, mural. St. Catharine Chapel. Probably John Avenyng, 1501, and wife Alice, relations, of Bishop Ruthall, of Dur- ham, born at Cirencester, whose mother's name was Avening." — Haines. A rubbing of the brass when in situ has been kindly lent me by Mr. Mill Stephenson, F.S.A. (147). Unfortunately it is not known when it was rubbed, but it was at one time in the Rev. H. Haines's collection. It was not made by him, for when he chronicled the brasses the various portions had been dispersed. Kneeling at a prie-dieu is the husband, John Avenyng. His hair long, but cut across the forehead ; the face is clean shaven. His gown is long and covers his feet, though he is kneeling ; it is thrown open in front, but the usual fur facing does not appear. The sleeves are long and very open and deep at the wrists. The lappet on the left hand is thrown over the cushion and thus is shewn. His vest or under- garment appears both at the throat and wrists ; his hands are uplift in prayer. On the prie-dieu lies an open book which nearly covers the desk, the supports are so arranged as to have Gothic arches. Four sons kneel behind him. They are similarly habited to the father, except one wears a hood over his shoulders. Their hands are not clasped in prayer, only the tips of the fingers meeting in two instances, the youngest simply raises his hands, and the one immediately behind the father is so much hidden by the son in academicals that only his head and shoulder appear. Facing this group is another consisting of the mother and her three daughters. Like her husband she is kneeling to a prie-dieu, but of different construction, the arch is round and not Gothic. Near is a flower, emblem of the Resurrection. As the head is turned to the left the lappet hanging behind is clearly seen ; all the lappets are plain. Her dress is long and plain ; at the neck it is turned down to form a square collar. Its sleeves are tight fitting and the cuffs being reflexed shew the fur lining; it is tied at the waist by a long sash. Behind her kneel three daughters, with hair flowing freely below the waist. They wear loose gowns, with small collars ; the 147- Civilian and Wife, c. 1500 Cirencester. 2IO Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. sleeves are narrow, with bell-shaped cuffs. They have each loose hip girdle fastened by three rosettes, from which hangs a chain with an ornamental pendant. Each wears a plain cap fastened by a rosette on the forehead. Both mother and daughters have their hands clasped in prayer. From the husband proceeds a label inscribed : S'cta Qirinltas unue Dcus. No label is shewn over the wife. Above the groups are three sprays of lilies which appear to have been rubbed as they were placed on the slab. It has been suggested that these originally sprang from a lily pot, but there is no trace of one on the rubbing (147). We regret to say that this memorial has become separated from its original matrix ; a part is on one of the pillars dividing the chancel, another piece is on the floor, and some is lost. Memoir. — In 1673 "Mr. Thomas Carles, Minister of God's word in that place, i.e., Cirencester, copied the epitaphs in the church. On his list appears : — Sub boc tumulo requiescunt Corpora Jobannls Bvengng et Blicla: iijo ejus qui obierunt jiiij Me Bprilis B.D. 1501, aiiD baO viij cbilDren. He records that this epitaph was in "St. Katherine's Chappell." In his will John directed that his body should be buried in the Chapel of St. Katherine. Leland says that Alice gave 100 marks towards the building of the south porch. Bishop Ruthall, of Durham, was her sister's son. Her name, in old English letters, is borne on a fess across her monu- mental shield with a woman's head between the words, and appears on the capital of one of the pillars on the north side of the south aisle. C. — "On a flatstone, engraved on brass, in the South aisle, are the effigies of a man and woman. On labels proceeding from their mouths : — /Qbercg 60D of mg misDeeOe.— XaDg belp at mg most iieeDe. On a brass plate under their feet : IRe^se gracious C^bee to enMess Igte Bt tbs grete &ome wbere all scball aperc Ibugbe IRorgs ©roc' auD 5obau bgs vvgt nowe DeDe \\\ grave anD bcrgeD bcre lt)o' p'gers Desgring tbcre souls tor tberc tbe i Dav? ot Jul^ tbe sere our Xor«5 ©oD nvccccciiii'. The above verses are engraved on the plate in a continued form, like prose." — Rudder Lost Brasses. 211 Fig 148. Vase, Cirencester. Rev. Thos. Carles, in his "Short Notes," 1673, adds that he was buried July loth, 1529, and had six children. Of this memorial the in- scription only is left, and that has been torn from its slab and fixed on a pillar. D.— Oi this elegant vase (148) I have no information, and the brass has disappeared. E. — The Rev. Thomas Carles re- ports : " At the upper end of the south ayle there was lately in brass this monkish distich: — /llbun^c vale, tibt ve, fugiens mc, Mnn scquercr te Z\\ sequeris moCo mc, /IftunOc vale, tibi ve. Stollen B.B. 1672° Sacrilege ipccnnm, pcenitentiam '' 1 optat ^bomas Carles 1 "I suppose" (sayeth Mr. Carles) "this following epitaph was intended as its translation on a brass in the middle ayle : — Margaret Hooper, wife to Henry Hooper, was buried here March the 4th, 1601. Oh ! luretched world, vaine and unsure ! As I am fled from thee ; So, mayst thou die within an houre, Then thou shalt follow mee." One shield, all that remains of the brass of Sir Giles Bruges, c. 151 1, and wife Isabel, daughter of Thomas Baynham, with three sons and four (?) daughters. Mural, south chancel. — Haines. On the south wall of the south aisle is the solitary remnant of the brass. It originally measured 27 ft. g in. x 2 ft. 3 in., but all has disappeared except a shield in upper sinister corner. The husband had his wife on his left hand, his head was resting on a heaume, but I am unable to particularise any 212 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries, other details either of husband or wife. Beneath the figures was a fillet of brass which contained the inscription, below this are the matrices of two groups of children, seemingly three sons and three daughters. At each corner of the slab were shields, but only the one at the upper sinister corner, ie., above the wife, remains (149). This shield bears : — Quarterly, ist and 4th Argent, on a cross sable a leopard's head, or, bridges, 2nd, Or, a pile, gules; de chandos. 3rd Argent, a fess between martlets, t^ o n ^ I sable ; Berkeley of Coberley — im- ^* ^i paling quarterly, ist Gules, a chevron «^ yJ^ between three bulls' heads cabossed, '^ \k argent ; baynham. and Gules, on a ^ \ bend ermine, a talbot passant guard- ■ |444kkJ/ ^^^' '^^ ' "^^ALWYN. 3rd Paly or and IBjjgl r*^T vert 9 goutes de sang; grendouk B^TB cB/ [old). 4th a fess between three (and ■ B^^^J^ "°^ ^^ ^^ Bigland six) cross crosslets, ^^^^^^^'^ gules, GRENDOUR [iiew). (149). "The shield tells the history of the Bridges' family as far as it goes : — Thomas Berkeley, the last male representative of the Coberley branch of the Berkeleys of Dursley, the tenant of the Berkeley Honor under William I., William II., Henry I. and Stephen, married Joan the daughter and heiress of Sir John de Chandos and had two daughters, co-heiresses, Mar- garet, wife of Nicholas de Mattesden (Matson) and Alice wife of Thomas de Bruges or Bridges. Giles, the great grandson of Thomas and Alice Bruges, married Isabella, daughter and heiress of Thomas Barynham, by Alice his wife, daughter and heiress of — Walwyn, and grand-daughter of Walwyn by his wife — daughter of John Grendour of Abbenhall." For the above I acknowledge my indebtedness to the Rev. W. Bazeley, M.A., Rector of Matson. For an account of the above mentioned Thomas and Alice Baynham, of Micheldean, see p. 86. Sir Giles Bruges by his will in P.C.C. 21 Fetiplace, dated Nov. 20th, 1 51 1, orders " his body to be buried in the Chapel of Coberley, and that a priest have ten marks for singing his Requiem." Collins, Tit. Chandos, Vol. II., p. 247. See also Shield. Fig 149. c. 15 1 1. Cubberley. Lost Brasses. 213 Nicholas's " Vetusta Monumenta," p. 498. His son John was nine years old at his father's death. Dumbleton. " In the north cross aisle, upon a flat stone, under the figures of a man and woman in brass, is this inscription in old characters : — ©rate p'aiabus Timillt Dastou filii Jobis Daston ct "Bnnx uioris cjiie qui qulDcm "Wailliue obiit anno Cmi /HbtUimo cccciiii" quor aiab' p'picietur Deus." — Rudder. The Rev. C. H. Fairfax, under date January 5th, 1898, writes : " I see some traces of what may be the matrix of a brass, but the piece of stone remaining is only about 18 inches square and very much broken." (Bloucester (Iatbet)ral. " Before this alteration [to the Choir, in 1741] there were five other large grave-stones found, to which Brass plates were fixed, long since torn off, three of which belonged to some of the abbats." — Rudder. A Guide to the Cathedral Church of Gloucester, by the Rev. H. Haines, M.A., p. 58, says: — "In the south transept are some brassless slabs — One a figure in armour, two feet long, c. 1450. (a) Another, two figures under canopies, c. 1500, with imple- ments of trade (?), having handles inserted above, the lower parts of the slab chiselled down for an inscription, 1753. (b) A third in St. John the Baptist's Chapel (7ft. 3in. x 3ft. 3 in.) with the figure of an Abbot (3ft. 8in. long) under a single canopy, with a marginal inscription, probably for John Brown, 1 514, usually ascribed to Walter Froucester, but the style seems too late, (c) A slab (7ft. Sin. x 4 ft.) with incised cross, the scroll on the stem probably bore the name of Thomas Goold, and is now obliterated. In the north transept are three brassless slabs : — One (8ft. x 3ft.), a priest or abbot, c. 1330, under a triple canopy, the Lombardic inscription around nearly ob- literated, (d) A second (8ft. iiin. x 3ft. 5in.), a priest in cope in the head of a long cross, (e) 214 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. A third, much worn, (gft. 3in. x 3 ft. io^in.)an abbot under a single canopy surrounded by an inscription. (/). From its position it would seem to be the memorial of Thos. Horton, 1377, or John Boyffield, 1381, precentor and "superior operis," or superintendent of the building of the north transept, under Horton, but the indent of the mitre shews it to be more likely that of Walter Froucester, 141 2. Other brassless slabs remain in the Lady Chapel and east walk of the cloister." " In 1 741 were destroyed part of the screen in the nave and chapels. Before these alterations there were 5 large gravestones, stripped of their Brasses, of which three at least belonged to abbot. {Furney's MSS. in the Bodleian Lib., pp. 582-3). Perhaps one of these gravestones commemorated Adam de Elmeleye, a monk of St. Peter's, who, on account of his sanctity, was buried at the request of the people in front of the altar of the Holy Cross, in 1273. Many miracles were said to have been afterwards wrought at his grave." {Do. p. 66). " On Duke Robert's gravestone hath been a cross in brass now torn off which was lately taken away. Furneys MSS., p. 582. (Do). These are all the indents of Brasses representing persons I noticed on visiting the Cathedral in December, 1897. The other "brassless slabs" mentioned in Haines's Guide most probably contained inscription plates only. South transept : a. The figure was represented in complete plate armour with sword hanging perpendicularly and the inscription at foot. The slab is a very large one, the figure was 2ft. 3in. long. b. Part only of the slab remains, and this measures 4ft. x 3ft. 6in. The heads of husband and wife are under a double canopy crocketted and cusped with pinnacles at sides and in centre. No marginal inscription shewn. c. Chapel. The abbot was under a single canopy with pinnacles at the side, and a marginal inscription ; the head of the crook is turned inwards. North transept : d. As far as I could make out, the slab being much perished, the abbot lay under a single canopy with pinnacles on each side. Marginal inscription. Slab is cracked, and measures 7ft. gin. x 2ft. 7m. Lost Brasses. 215 e. This slab is in very fair condition, thou^di cracked across the middle. The head of the floriated cross in which was a priest, measures 3ft. in diameter. The inscription was at foot. There were seven crockets round the head and three pairs on the stern. The cross is 6ft. long. /. Slab partly under railing. ? Abbot under canopy, pinnacles marginal inscription. Very much perished. (Blouccster— St. 5obn Baptist. " Upon an ancient stone, with a large engraving on brass, are the effigies of a man in armour, and a woman attired in her proper habit. The man has a sword by his side, his spurs on, and at his feet a greyhound couchant. Here lies John Briggs and Agnes his wife, He died 19th April, 1483, and she a little time after. God give them Joy and everlasting life, That pray Jor John Briggs and Agnes his wife.'' — Counsel. (Blouccster— St- /IDar^ ^c Crppt " In the south chancel against the south wall a mural monument, the inscription and crosses on brass torn off, supposed to be for the founder of this chapel." — Rudder. 1bawl?csbur^- During the restoration of the church in 1882. the matrix of a priest was discovered, and is now in the sacrarium. I regret to say that I have not seen a rubbing of it, nor is the brass mentioned in the county histories. 5i'ou acton. The Rev. G. H. Browne writes under date, January 8th, 1898 :— " There are one or two flat tombstones in this church, which have once had Brasses let into them ; one a Poyntz memorial and another, that of a former rector or priest." Unfortunately I have not been able to find time to go to Iron Acton and have not any rubbings of these indents. /lIMncbinbaiupton. "-^' Upper half of female effigy, c. 1530, loose. — Haines. No trace of this was left when I rubbed the other Brasses in this church. *This signified that Haines had not seen this Brass. 2i6 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. IRewlaut). Not in Rudder. A figure in full armour, head resting on a helmet ; a child on each side. 34^in. x 2oin. IRortbleacb. Wm. Bicknell, 1500 and wife Margaret, 1493, founders ot chancel in 1489 ; all lost but 2 sons and 2 daughters. South chancel. Haines. Fig. 150. Children. 1500. Northleach. William Bicknell built the south chapel in the year 1489 ; he and his wife lie buried therein. — Atkyns. Ipainswich- Against the north wall of the Chantry Chapel is a large altar tomb of Purbeck marble. On the wall were the kneeling effigies in brass of Sir William Kingston and Eliza- beth his wife, with scrolls proceeding from their mouths to a Trinity. Above Sir William's head a shield surrounded by the garter, and above his wife's also a shield. On the canopy of the tomb four shields, round the verge was the inscription, the front of the base of the tomb has three panels, in each of which was a shield, also a shield in the panel at each end. The slab of the tomb has been utilised as the resting place of the effigies of Dr. Seaman and his wife; he died in 1623, aged 59, and had originally a monument at the east end of the chancel. The following account is taken from the Ashmole MS. (11 18, fol. 97) in the Bodleian Library: " In y^ church of Painswick in Glouc. shire. In y' north Isle. On a tumbe there was y'' proportion of a man in brasse kneeling, habited in y' Garment of a Kt. of y" Garter, hauing Lost Brasses. 217 y" crosse of St. Georg on his right shoulder with y'' garter about it and this inscription vnder him : — Vnder this .... tunihe lyeth buryed y' bodye of Sir Wyllyam Kyngston, Knight of y'' Order of the Garter, one of y° Kynges Maiesties priuye councell Vice-Chamberlayne to the Kynges Highnes, Comptroller of y' Kyng's most honourable Household, Constable of y" tower, Captayne of y" Gard, who departed this present world y' XIII. of [May] in y*" yeare of our Lord God MDXL., and in y*-' XXXII. year of y' dread soueraigne lord Kyng Henry y^ VIII., and also Dame Elizabeth his wife, on whose soules God have mercye. This inscription with y" proportion, being tore off from y' Tumbe, 1644 or thereabouts by soldiers, Mr. Joh. Theyer, of Cooper's hill, near Glouc. (whose wife is descended from y" said Sr. Will.) obtained it and keepeth it to this day." His will is in P.C.C., F. 32, Alenger. "My body to be buried in the next church to the place where I die." The widow in her will desires to be buried at Painswick, w4th my late husband. Sir William Kingston, Knight of the Honourable Order of the Garter. Dame Mary Kingston's will is in P.C.C., F. 23, Populwell. Possibly Elizabeth is a mistake for Dame Mary Kingston, who was formerly Jernyngham. Ashmole is in his History of the Order of the Garter (1715), describes the arms thus : — Azure, a fesse between 3 leopards' faces, or. dHuinton. Thos. de Rous, Esq., of Ragley, 1499, and wife of Matilda; worn, effigies lost, chancel. — Haines. The late Mr. J. D. T. Niblett, F.S.A., kindly gave me a rubbing of the inscription, which reads thus : — '* ©rate s'palit' p aiabj; .... nup' J>e IRaglc^ armigeii et I matilDe ujovis .... an' D'ni in I cccc nonagesi* none. Sit i" laus Si qV \m . . . vita eterna." which may be translated : — Pray specially for the souls of [Thomas de Rous] late of Ragley, Esq., and of Margaret, his wife . . . . A.D., 1499. May praise and glory be to Christ . . . life eternal, In P.C.C., 39, Home is the will of Thomas Rowse, gent., Qwynton, Gloucester, and dated 1499. 2iS Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. SibDinoton St- peteu- Rudder : " There is a large grey stone in the chancel, which had once the effigy of a man in armour upon it, said to have been intended for one of the Langleys, but the brass is now torn off." Bigland : " In the North Wall of this Chapel [Langley's] are three Niches that have had brass figures and Inscriptions, but now entirely gone." The wills of the following members of the Langley family are in the P.C.C. : — 1490. Langley, Edmond, squier, Sudington Petre, Glou- cester 33 Milles. 1459. Langley, John, Sudington St. Peter, Gloucester, Sheppewassh. Devon 18 Stokton. 1462. Langley, Walter, esquire, Sudyngton St. Peter, Gloucester 30 Godyn. xrewkc9bur\:. Rnddev : " Robert Fitz-Haimon was buried in the Chapter- house in the year 1107, but removed into the presbytery in 1 24 1, and thence in 1397, to the north side of the choir, where his bones, wrapt in fine diaper, were laid in a tomb of grey marble, which had brasses at top, with his figure and orna- ments, long since torn off. " In the middle space under the tower, is a large grey marble, which had brass plates affixed to it, and is said to have been for the unfortunate Prince Edward, only son to King Henry the Sixth." Dingley thus wrote in 1680 : — " This fair tombstone of grey marble, the brass whereof has bin pickt out by sacrilegious hands, is directly under- neath the tower of this church, at the entrance into the quire, and sayed to be layd over Prince Edward, who lost his life in cool blood, in the dispute between York and Lancaster, at w* time y' Lancastrians had the overthrow." "Monuments to be consider'd under this magnificent pile are first that of the Founder hereof Robert Fitzhamon this is within a fair chappell on the north side of the quire or chancell erected to his memory both which I have touched off in the two following sides or pages, his arms Lost Brasses. 219 and figure of brass plate inlayd were stol'n away in the time of the late civil war." Illustrations of the two tombs are given. The Editor of Bigland's Collections, sub Tewkesbury, alludes to the lack of brasses in Tewkesbury Abbey, and explains that the Parish Church was of old in another part of the town, and was afterwards pulled down or suflered to fall into decay. "It is noted that the brasses on what was supposed to have been the flat tombstone of Prince Edward are gone ; a loss which \'icar Knight supplied by a small plate fixed in the stone." The following is taken from " Historical Memories of Tewkesbury Abbey, by Rev. H. Hayman, D.D., which appeared in The Antiquary, Vol. I, 1880: — " The wife of the gallant Earl, Gilbert de Clare, the third, who fell at Bannockburn, was a lady whose family connections touched all the three component parts of our present United Kingdom. We might strew the rose, the shamrock, and the thistle together on her grave. She was Maud, daughter of John de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, her eldest sister being the wife of King Robert Bruce. That grave has been identified together with that of her husband, close on the north side of it. Cut short perhaps by grief at her bereavement, the young widow was laid there in the first year of her widow- hood. It was marked by 'a fine and large slab, from which a magnificent brass had been ruthlessly taken.' How touching is the pathos which these shattered memorials of bereave- ment and blighted hopes bespeak. The shadow of sorrow fell upon her life, its gloom deepened, and she died without a son to keep in remembrance the name of her dead lord's illustrious house." XTormaitou- Sir John de la Riviere, c. 1350, lost, chancel. — Haines. Leland says : — " There lyeth buried in the Body of the Paroche Churche of Thormerton one Petrine de la Ryvers. with a Frenche Epitaphie. He ivas oivner of the Lordshippe of Tormerton. And Sir Robert Atkyns observes that in his time the effigies of Sir John de la Riviere, with the model of the church in his hand remamed in the chancel ; but the brasses of both these monuments are now torn off and lost." — Rudder. The stone has now a plate inscribed : — ''Z\K tomb of 5obn c»c la iRivcrs, toun?er of tbi5 Cbuvcb." 220 Gloucestershire Notes and Queries. The late Sir A. W. Franks thus describes the memorial : — " It consists of a floriated cross, within the head of which is the knight holding up the model of the Church which he had founded ; on the stem of the cross appears to have been a helmet, at the base probably an Agnus Dei, and in the angles shields of arms surmounted by helmets and crests." An illustration appears in Haines's Manual, p. cxxiv. Motton = uiiOer- ]£t)oe. Richard de Wotton, rector, c. 1320, kneeling at a cross with Lombardic inscription lost, matrix. Chancel. — Haines. " In the chancel is the following : — Round the verge of a grey marble flatstone, which had a brass plate fixed on it, with the figure of a man, now torn off, are these lines in Saxon characters : — '•IHatue ill bac villa cocjnomiiie Mctus ab ilia (^ui IRector fuit bic, aptum uomenq; 6ibi 6ic 1R. De lUottoiia jacet bic, cui ca:lica Dona, 5inpctret ipsa pia pulcbcrnnia viicio /nbaria. Bmen." In the middle of the stone:--- * j£s mibi vergo pia, Duj ct ILuj, sancta /iftaria.'"— «//(/'/tr. The slab measures 7 ft. 6 in. x 2 ft. 11 in. In the lower part is the kneeling figure of R. de Wotton, rector of this church, under a small canopy with slender shafts ; a long scroll proceeds from his hands to the figure of the Virgin (see inscription), seated and enclosed in a fine large floriated cross. A marginal inscription in Lombardic letters surrounds the whole, and reads as given above. Rudder has incorrectly transcribed the first two words on the scroll, which should read Sis micbi. The slab was originally m the chancel, but is now lying loose, near Lord Berkeley's tomb (see p. 2), and has been cracked. An illustration is given in the Portfolio of the Monumental Brass Society, VIII, December, 1897. The inscription might be thus translated : — " Born in this town, after which he was named, he who was rector here thus for himself had a fitting name. R. de Wotton lies here, to whom may the pious and most beautiful virgin grant heavenly gifts. ^Be thou to me O pious virgin, holy Mary, my guide and light." Modet7i Brasses. 221 MODERN BRASSES. The fashion of erecting brasses as memorials to the departed appears to have died out in the seventeenth century but has now revived. Haines records that brasses have been placed in the following churches : — Bristol: S. S. Leonard &■ Nicholas. Rev. John Eden, 1840 (Waller). Mitcheldean (Waller). Newent . . . Onslow, Upper Slaugkier. Rev. Francis Edw. Witts (Waller). In trying to render this a more complete list, I wrote to the leading engravers of memorial brasses in the country, but regret to say that the list has not been much amplified. Messrs. John Hardman & Co., of Birmingham, have exe- cuted the following : — Barnwood. Mrs. Alice Mary Blathwayt. Bristol Cathedral. Captain John Sanderson, R.N. Bristol, Queen Elizabeth's Hospital. Rev. John Hawkesworth, LL.D. Clifton, All Saints. Rev. R. Randall. Clifton College. Rev John Guthrie, M. A., and wife Caroline. In Gloucester Cathedral is a brass — a fitting memorial — to the Rev. H. Haines, M.A., whose exhaustive "Manual," issued in 1861, is still the standard work on Monumental Brasses; to the list in Part II, the writer is indebted for the headlines of each notice. He is represented robed as a priest of the Church of England, in cassock, surplice, stole, and hood, beneath a canopy, and the following inscription is round the margin : — HERBERTUS HAINES, A.M., SCHOL.E HUJUS | CATHREDALIS PER XXIII ANNOS HYPODIDASCULUS, OBIIT A.D. XIV. KAL. OCT. A.S. MDCCCLXXII ANNOS XLVI NATUS, CUJUS CORPUS IN | CCEMETERIO JUXTA HANG URBEM SEPULTUM | JACET. HOC MONUMENTUM PAUCI EX DISCIPULIS ET AMICIS, BENEFICIORUM AB ILLO ACCEPTORUM MEMORES, PONENDUM CURAVERUNT." This may be translated thus: — Herbert Haines, M.A., for twenty-three years second master of this Cathedral School, died September 18th, 1872, aged 46 years, w^hose body lies buried in the cemetery near this city. A few of his pupils and friends mindful of benefits received from him have caused this memorial to be erected. Corrigenda et Addenda P- 3- P. 15. 18. P. 28 p. 29 p. 30 p. 37 p. 4^- P. 44- P. 51- P. 51 p. 55 p. ^)5 p. 71 p. 72 Shield 1400, Deerlmrst. Should have been on pai^e 15. Line 2 from base, for t-ariiii^s read carrini^s. Fig 151 represents the second sliield on the Cassy Brass. Line 5 for ® (T) read © (G). Iiiscriplioii : On examining rubbings of this brass taken many years ago, the words added in braclcets liave been deciphered. . . Margeria coniuxsua femina [dia] . . Mihi [succurit'] tempore [vili] (scroll work). Fig. 24, for 1 141 read 141 1. Fig. 25, for c. 1 141 read 141 1. Line 12, for p. 176 read p. 116. Line 2, add " also in the Publications of the Earlv English Text Societv, Vol. 78." Line 12, "The Inscription," add "except the first line which is preserved on a step in the Lady Chapel." Line 7 from base for 1444 read 1445. .Add the following translation : By death o'erthrown beneath your feet see Thomas Fortey lie, A noble merchant, just and true, well known his kindly life Dame Agnes too his spouse full sweet in like extremity. Which found no joy in others woe, no gain m baleful strife. Churches and roads his bounty felt in wise and full repair, Christ, let Thy soul with pity melt before his humble prayer. From Thy blest birth a thousand years, four hundred more also And forty-seven eke had passed ere he Thy bliss did know. Illustrations: Add Reliquary X.vS. Vol. III., p. 175 (Inscription). Line 9, "Initial" on a rubbing kindly lent by Mr. Mill Step'.ienson. this is shewn to be a very small reproduction of his merchant's mark ; see Fig. 53, p. 56. Line 2. Portions lost, add "and ends of sci'oll under tigiue." Line 26. for sable, Burke gives ionics. Line 4 from base, for 1476 read 1471. CORRIGESDA ET ADDEXDA. 223 P. 78. P. 78. P. 91. P. 91. P. 93- P. 108. P. 117. p. 119. p. 122. p. 124. P. 134- P. 142. P. 144- P. 150. P. 163. P. 175, P. 180. P. 181. P. 187. P. 194. llliislralloiis : add Weare (G. K.) Life of Cabot. Line 29, "This Joan," add (•' wife of Joiiii Jay, senr.") llliislratioiis: Add Reliquary N. S. Vol. III., p. 173. Line 10, for Taylour read Taylioiir. For Kii^. 7 read Fig. 78. Heraldry: Read "Quarterly (1) [Gules] a beiKl engrailed [azure] between three leopards' faces jessant de lis [or] Dexys. (2) [Argent] on a chief [gules] three be/.ants [Russell]. (3) Lozengy [argent and azure] a chevron [gules, Gorges]. (4) [Azure] a cross moline [or, Bkuyx]. Fig. 85, for Easlliiit^toii read Eastiiigloii. Her younger brother Charles was steward to his cousin Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, at Thornbury. Will of William Henshawe, P.C.C. F. 12 Maynwaring. Line 23, for / read is. Line 24, add " of." Fig. 152, Head of William Freme, 1526, from a rubbing kintlly sent in F'ebruary. 1884, by the late Mr. J. H. Cooke, F.S.A. Mr. T. Ware- ing reports under date June, 1898, that the head is now replaced. Fig. 103, fttr 1554 read 1534. llliislratioiis: Add RcUqtiary N. S., Vol. HL, p. 173 (end of inscription). Fig. 109, for 1450 read 1540, In the P.C.C. are these wills : — 1561, Grevell, Sir Edward, Knight, Mylcote, Warwick, Seasingcote,Glouces- ter 26 Loftes. 1574, Grevell, Dame Margaret, widow of Sir Edward Grevell, Knight, Milcote, Warwick • 45 Martin Line 12, 1581, add "P.C.C. 8 Darcy." Fig. 133, for 1890 read 1590. For Nonvooil read Norwood d. F'g- I37i "Shield, 1601 Clifford Chambers." This is on wrong page, it should have appeared on p. 175. Line 11, for '^Argent, a /esse engrailed sable bcliceeii ,9 boars' lieads coiipcd proper for Marrowe," read " A rgeiit, a fess engrailed sable, bcbveen tluec maids' heads coiiped proper for Makrowe, impaling, Argent a cross sable for Raixsford." The shield is not quite complete. Line i, for Marg read Mary. Via- 152- Head 1526. Berkeley. P. 207. asristol CatbeDral. MATRIX OF THE BRASS OF AN AUSTIX CANuX IK BRISTOL CATHEDRAL. Mr. Alfred E. Hudd, F'.S.A., Hon. Sec. of the Clifton Antiquarian Society, has kindly forwarded me the following 2^4 CORRIGEKDA ET ADDENDA. description of a matrix of a 'brass of an Austin Canon in Bristol Catliedral :— '• During' the recent restoration of the Choir of Bristol Cathe- dra], formerly the Church of the Abbey of Canons Regular of St. Augustine, founded in 1142, a large slab of Purbeck marble was found in the South Choir Aisle, where it had been partially covered by the wooden foundation supporting the Stalls. This slab was found to contain the matri.x of what must have been a very fine Monumental Brass of a Priest, probably one of the officials of the Abbey. The matri.x is in good condition, and it is evident from it that the deceased Austin Canon was repre- sented in a cope, his head covered by a tfat cap similar to those worn by the Austin Canons represented on the mural paintings on the walls of Bishop Carpenter's vault at \\'estbury-on-Trym now used as the Coal-hole of that Church. ''The figure stands under a very handsome triple canopy, covered with no less than seven late Gothic pinnacles : below the feet was a long inscription on an oblong plate. Size of slab — 7 ft. TO in. X 3 ft. 8 in. Figure of I'riest — 4 ft. x 1 It. 5 in. Date about 1500." I N D p: X ABBENHALL, brass at 14, 156, Agnus Dei Albany, arms of Albe . Almuce Altar Tombs 2, 30, 98, 171 Amerike, Joan . Amice Anelace Arabic Numerals Arderburg, arms of Arnold, arms of Atte Barugh, Peter Awmarle, Thomas Avenyng, John— Alice Ayleway, Joan . lost brass at 60 58, , 172. 60, 75. 19, 21 190 220 130 . 75 124 216 127 140 , 28 50 174 130 10 81 208 190 . 206 3, 25 14. 155 221 BADMINTON Baldrick . . . , Barbe .... Barnwood, modern brass at Barons of Exchequer, see ] udges Barstaple, John — Isabella . 28 Barstaple Chapel, Bristol . 28 Bascinet . . . . 2, 25, 33 Basilard, see Anelace, Misericorde Bazely, Rev. W. . 212 Baynham, arms of . 86, 212 „ Alice . . 85 ,, Margaret . 84 ,, Thomas . . 83 Beard 2, 13, 19, 21, 28, 45, 158, 172, 177. 179' 182. 190 , 192, 194. 196, 197 Beauchamp, Richard 9 ,, Thomas 9 Beaufort, Edmond . 9 Beaupyne, Thomas . 18 Bedstead . . 1S7 Bell-founder . 119 Bells, collar of . 5, 13. 20, 26, 64 Belt, passim Belt, see also Baldrick Benett, John and wives 94 Berkeley, arms of . 5, 6 Elizabeth 9 Margaret . 2 ,, Maurice •7. 72 ,, Thomas . .2, 16 William . • 72 ,, of Coberley, ar ms of 132, 212 Berkeley, brass at Berwicke, arms of Besford, arms of Bishop's Cleeve, lost brass at Bisley, brass at Blathwayt, Mrs. A. M. Book, 14, 145, 156, 166, 176 192, 197, 208 Botiler, arms of Boyffield, John . Bradestone, arms of ,, Agnes . ,, Hlanch . ,, Robert . ,, Sir Thos. Brassart . 2, 34, 141, 160, Brasses, Duplicate . 141, 144, Eccentric heraldry of . lost modern of Children ,, Civilians ,, Ecclesiastics . ,, Judges ,, Ladies ,, Men in armour Braybrook, arms of . Briggs, John — Agnes Bristol, brasses at Barstaple Chapel Cathedral, matrix modern Grammar School Queen Elizabeth's Hospital, modern . St. James . St. John St. Leonard & St. Nicholas modern ... St. Mary Redcliff 37, 69, 76. 127 St. Peter .... 58 St. Werburgh . . 165, 176 Temple Church . 9, 58 Trinity .... 28 Bristol, city of, arms of . -17 Brook, arms of . .128 ,, John — Joan . . . 127 Brown, John .... 213 Bruges, arms of . 132, 212 ,, Elizabeth . . 131 ,, Sir Giles — Isabel . 211 132 174 32 2o5 'I5 221 182, 206 214 2 2 2 2 2 172 196 204 204 206 221 203 201 200 201 202 200 I2S 215 28 223 22 I 165 2 21 197 73 226 INDEX Brayn. arms of Butterfly headdress 216 . 108, 223 83, 84, 88, 90, 40, 61 ■ 77. 94 14. 61, 210, 58, 8r, 124, CALAIS, staple of, arms of Camail .... Camber, John . Campden, Chipping, see Chip ping Campden Canopies, .... Cantmg Arms . Cap . Cape . Carles, Rev. Thos Cassock Cassy, arms of . ,, Elizabeth ",, Sir John — Alice ,. Richard ,, William Ceysyll, John Chalice Chamfer Inscription Chape Chasuble . Cheltenham, brass at Children . Chipping Campden, brasses at 51, 66, 82 Churcham, lost brass at . Churchdown, lost brass at Cirencester, brasses at 16, 33 42, 62, 68, 75, 81, 94, 103, 177. 195. 222 Cirencester, lost brasses at Civilians ..... Clare, Maude de . . . Clifford Chambers, brasses at 223 Clifton, arms of Clifton, modern brasses at Clopton, arms of Joan ., Sir William Cobham, armsof Cobyndon, arms of . Coif .... Collars 2, 5, 13, 20, 52. 53. 55. 64, 87, 89, 92, 96, 149. 154. 190 Cooke, arms of John — Joan Cooke, J. H. . 6, Cope Cote-hardie Coton, Richard— VTargaret Cotton, John Crespine headdress . Crest 6, 47, 141, 158, 162, Cromwell, arms of Cross 64, 142, 143, 146, Crucifixion Cubberly, lost brass at Cushion , 25, 106 137 2, 25 93 II, 114, 26, 39, 42, 73. 76, 77. 104, 126, 204 74 96 133 211 139 15 • 131 g, 222 • 15 16 • 91 60, 75 100, 216 3. 20 60, 75 • 113 203 21, 207 207 39. 138. 207 201 219 172, 117 221 32 30 33 128 64 127 48, 82, J38, 158 154 223 124 I 163 185 45 195 117 (bis) . 146 211 192, 197 134. 58. 174, 220 DAGGF",R, see Misericord e Darby, Isabella 30 Daston, arms of 187 -Xnne . 187 Anthony 190 William 213 De Bohnn, arms of 119 De Cailly, arms of 117 De Chandos, arms of 132, 212 De Clare, Maud 219 Deerhurst, brasses at 10, 124, 131 De la Pole, Anne 9 Michael 9 Demi-figure 8 Denys, arms of 108, 223 ,, Morys . 106 Sir Walter . 106 De Rous, Thomas— Matilda . 217 De Woodstock, arms of . 117 De Wotton, Richard 220 Dixton, arms of 36 Richard 33 Dogs 5, 13, 20, 26, 35, 64, 159. 162, 178, 215 Dominical Letter 29 Dowdesweil, brass at 124 Dumbleton, arms of 190 Dumbleton, lo&t brass at . 213 Duplicate brasses . 141, T44. 196 Dyrham. brass at 25 EASTINGTON, brass at 117 Eccentric Brasses 204 Ecclesiastical brasses 200 Eden, Rev. John 221 Edward, Prmce of Wales 218 Edward, John . 60 Enamel .... 32 England, arms of 15 . 72 Evangelistic Symbols 32, 5 I, 89 90, no, 125, 126, 137 FAIRFORD, brasses at 98, 141, 144 Farthingale 185 Fermailes . . 5, 20 . 31. '17 Fitton, arms of 27 Fitz-Haimon, Robert 218 Fortey, John 54 Thomas— .Agnes 48, 221 Foundor of Church . '03, 220 France 72 Franks. Sir A. W. . 10, 220 " Free-Miner" crest 47 Fifeme, arms of 134 William 132, 223 French, Pllizabeth . 115 Margarett 115 William 115 Fret .... 12 Froucester, Walter . 213 214 Fuller, Rev. E. A. . 18 , 69 GADLINGS ■3 . 25 Gayner, arms . 30 Isabella . 28 IXDEX. 227 Gibbes, Henry— Anne . . 197 Heraldry {continued) Giffard, arms of . . -15 Bradeston . 2 Glanville, arms of . . . 174 Braybrook . 128 Gloucester, brasses at Bridges . 212 St. John Baptist . . 149 Bristol City 17 St. Mary de Crypt . .159 Brook . 128 St. Michael . . . 119 Bruges . 132, 212 Gloucester, lost brasses at [Brtiyn] 108, 223 Cathedral .... 213 Calais, Staple 0/ • '37 St. John Baptist . . 215 Cassy • 15 St. Mary de Crypt . . 215 Cli/ion • 117 Gloucester Cathedral, modern Clapton 32 brass at . . . .221 Cobhain . 128 Goold, Thomas . -213 Cobyndon . . 64 Gorges, arms of . . 108, 223 Cooke . 15S Gotorest 18 Cromwell . • '17 Greene, arms of . . -174 Diiston . 189 Grevel, arms of . . . 23 De Bohun • U« ,, William — Marion . 21 DeCaillv . • 117 Greville, arms of 144, 146, 160, 162 De Chandos 132, 212 Agnes . . 141 De Woodstock . . 117 ,, Sir Edward . 162, 223 Denys 108, 223 ,, Sir John . . .158 Dixton • . 36 „ Dame Margaret . 223 Dnmbleton 190 Sir William . -113 P-ngland 15. 72 Greyndour, arms of . . 86, 212 Fitton • 27 Robert — Joan . 47 France • 72 Groining ... 16, 76, 154 Freme • 134 Guarded spurs ... 35, 63 Gavner . 30 Gunter, arms of . . . 197 Giffard 15 John — Alice . . 195 Glanville . • 174 Guthrie, Rev. John — Caroline . 221 [Gorges] 108, 223 Gybbys, William and wives . 82 Greene ■ 174 Gypciere 73, 76, 90, 92, 94, 96, 104, Grevel 23, 142, 14 5, 160, 163 105, 114, 120 Greyndour . 86. 212 Gyttyns, William — Mary . . 176 Gunter 196, 197 Hall • 174 HADOW, Rev. W. E. 16, 18, 40, 44, Hayward . . 130 64, 68, 81, 82, 95, 103, 139, 195 Henshawe . . 121 Ilaigh, D. H 15 Hodye . 86 Haines, Rev. H. . . . 221 Hungerford • 195 Hall, arms of . . . . 174 Juyn • 38 ,, Rev. J. M. . . -97 Kingston . 27, 217 Halyday, Edward— Margery . 122 Knevet • 117 Hampton, Alice . . . 112 Lions • 174 ,, John — Elyn . . no " Lygon . 182 Hardman, Messrs. . . . 221 Madoc-ap-ryn . 130 Hawkesbury, lost brass at . 215 Marrowe . . 187 Hawkesworth, Rev. John 221 Mede . • 71 Hayward, arms of . . . 130 Mollins • 174 Heart 133 Molten ■ 193 Hempstead, brass at . . 130 Norwood 182, 184 Henshawe, arms of . , .121 Parry • 175 ,, William and wives 119 Parsons • 76 Heraldry * Porter . 130 Albany .... 130 Powlett ■ 194 Arderburg . . . 174 Prat tell . 174 Arnold .... 130 Prelatte . 64 Baynham . . .86, 212 Purscell • 174 Berkeley .... 5 Ravnsford . 174. 187 of Coberley 132, 212 Rowley • 74 Berivicke . . . -174 Russel . .27, [108, 223] Besford .... 32 Savage . 189 Botiler .... 206 Scocathe . 174 » The arms of names in italics are blazoned in text, 228 IXDEX Heraldry (continued) Shershal Spencer Stafford Tame . . loi, 144, TatsJiail Thome Tivviiiho Tyndall Tyringhavi . . 143, Wakested Wahiyii Warwick, Earl of Wylcotes Wyllycotes Heraldry, see also p. 204 Hichman, Walter — Cristy Hodges, William Hodye, arms of . Honeysuckle Hood, Civilian . 9, 20, 28, 37 ,, Ecclesiastical ,, Paris Hooper. Margaret Hungerford, arms of ,, Margaret IRON' ACTOX, lost brass at JAY, John- Jewels 3, Judges Juyn, arms of Alice ,, Sir John Joan 4. 5. 20, 28, 3I: 7 174 193 117 146 117 167 102 171 146 174 212 23 174 174 126 179 86 15 127 no 166 211 i?5 194 215 76 I. 155 201 38 39 37 KALENDS .... 29 Kempsford, brass at . . 126 Kennel headdress 85, 100, 104, 105, 114, 116, 117, 121, 123, 124, 127, 131, 135. 142, 150, 164 Kingston, arms of . . 27, 217 ,, Sir William — Eliza beth .... 216 Knevet, arms of . . • 117 ,, Elizabeth . . • 117 LADIES 202 Lance-rest .... 99 Latimer, Lord . . . . g Lawnder, William . . . 139 Lechlade, brasses at . 52, 109 Leckhampton, brass at . . 181 Lethenard, John — Joan . . 66 Lilies 208 Lingen, T . . . . 32, 33 Lion at feet . 3, 11, iia, 12, 26 Lions, arms of . , . . 174 Liripipe ..... 96 Lisle, Lord . . . . 2, 9 Lombardic Letters . . . 220 Lond, Robert .... 58 Loose brasses . 58, 83, 153, 185 Lost brasses .... 206 Lukis, Rev. W. C. . . . 120 Lygon, arms of , . . 182 MACLEAN, Sir J. . . 32, 87 Madocap-Ryn, arms of . 130 Maniple .... 60, 75 Mantle, men 11, 20, 37. 73, 149, 154 ,, women 5, 20, 25, 31. 58, 71, Si, 117, 143. 145 Marks, sec Merchant's Marks Marner, Philip . Marrowe, arms of ,, Elizabeth Martyn, Agnes . Matrices . Mede, arms of . ,, Philip and wives Merchant's Marks 22, 29, 41 56, 74, 77, 88, 90, 95, no, 123, 126, 136, 205 Mermaids ..... Micheldean, brass at ,, modern brass at . Military brasses Minchiiihampton, brasses at no, 122, 215 Minety, brass at . . . Minever ..... Misericorde, or dagger 25, 36 64, 100, 129, 142, 160, 173, 194 Modern brasses . . .221 MoUms, arms of Molton, arms of ,, William — Millicent Monk .... Monograms . . 44, 106, 176 Mourton, Sir H. ... 18 Moustache 2, 19, 21, 28, 45 172, 177, 179, 182, 190 194, 196, 197 Moys, A 10 Mural brasses 69, no, 119, 122, 144, 149, 154, 165, 172, 176, 177, 179, 181, 185, 187, 192, 194, 197 177 187 185 64 206 71 69 44. 2, 6 83 221 200 103, 194 II 45. 174 193 192 112 158. 192, NEELE, Thomas . Neville, George ,, Ralph . Newent, brass at ,, modern brass at Newland, brass at ,, lost brass at Niblett, J. D. T. . 13, 130, 217 Nicholls, Thomas . • • 95 Nicolas's Ordinances . . 16 Northleach, brasses at, 19, 48, 54, 87, 89, 105, 135, 139 ,, lost brass at . 216 Norwoodd, arms of . 182, 184 ,, William — Elizabeth 181 Norys, Hughe — Johan . .210 Notyngham, Sir William . 69 ,, William — Christina 68 Nun 112 139 9 9 129 22 1 44 216 OLVESTON, Onslow brass at 106 221 IXDEX 229 PAGGE, Robert— Margaret Paiiiswick, lost brass at . Palimpsest brass Paris, headdress Parsons, arms of Ralph . Parry, arms of . Elizabeth Porter, arms of Arthur — Alys ,, Fredeswid and Mary ,, Roger . Powlett, arms of ,, Nicholas — Margaret Prattell, arms of Prelatte, arms of ,, William and wives Processional vestments . 58 Purscell, arms of Pyrke, Rich — Joan . QUEDGELEY, brass at Quinton, brass at ,, lost brass at RANDALL, Rev. R. Raynsford, arms of . ,, Elizabeth ,, Hercules- Relaid brasses 9, 2i 119, 122, 124, 174 39 216 58 166 76 75 175 172 130 130 130 129 194 194 174 64 62 124 174 190 130 30 217 17b, 59. 92. 165, 169, 172, Removal of brasses Restoration of brasses Reticulated headdress Rings . . 20, 31 Riviere, Sir John de la Robert, Duke of Gloucester Rodmarton, brass at Roos, EUenor . Lord Rosary 73, 76, 82 {bis), 90, 96, 104, 120 Rous, Thomas — Margaret Rowdon, Elizabeth . Rowley, arms of Thomas — Margaret Rudyn, John Russel, arms of ,, Sir Morys — Isabel Russell, arms of 221 187, 185 -Elizabeth 172 , 58, 103, no, 131. 149. 154. 179, 185 165, 176 92 108, SACRED LAMB . . 13, Saint Anne .... Saint John Baptist . . 13, Saint, see also Evangelistic Sym- bols, and Virgin Sanderson, Captain J. Savage, arms of ,, Anne . Richard Scocathe, arms of Scors, William — Agnes Seals . . . 5, 6, 71 Seman, Simon .... 149 12 136 219 214 60 9 9 94. 217 131 74 73 '7 27 25 109 157 14 157 221 189 187 196 174 48 . 72 17 lost brass • 75. 140, Semys, John — Margaret Serche, Kobert— Anne Sevenhampton, brass at Sewell, Katlierine Shershal, arms of Shrewsbury, Earl of Shroud brass Siddiiigton St. Peter Sir, title of priests Skull Somerset, Duke of Spencer, arms of ,, Millicent Spycer, Reginald and wives Stafford, arms of Staple of Calais, arms of 137, Staples, Alexander and wives Stole . • . . 60, 75 Surplice . . .58, 124, 139 Symbols, see Evangelistic Symbols Sword 3, 25, 34, 45, 62, 69, 100, 106, 129, 141, 160, 162, 172, 194 149 105 95 115 '74 9 III 218 125 198 9 193 192 42 117 138 180 TABARD . 69, 108, 141, 158, 162 Taces 34, 45, 63, 69, 99, 106, 129, 160, 162, Tame, arms of . . loi. 144. 146 Sir Edmund and wives 141. 144 ,, John— Alice . 98 Tassets .... 173. 194 Tatshall, arms of 117 Tau-Crosses . .110, 126, 142 Taylour, John — Joan 89 Temple, W. 10 " Terri " . 13 Tewkesbury, lost brasses a t . 218 Thornborough, Marion . 21 Thornbury, brass at 169 Thome, arms of , 167 Nicholas and wives 165 Todenham, brass at 192 Tomkins, H. B. 109 Tormarton, brass at 91 lost brass at 219 Towensend, arms of 54 Townsend, John 52 Trinitv, Holy, Symbol of 140 .141 .145 Twinyhoe, John 109 Twynihoe, arms of . 102 Twynihow, Alice 98 Twynyho, Joan . 64 Tyndail, arms of 171 Thomas— Avice 166 Tyringham, arms of 144. 146 ,, Elizabeth . 141 UPPER SLAUGHTER.modern brass at . . . 221 VASE Virgin Mary Vowess 14. 140, 211 220 30 230 IXDEX. WADLEY, Rev. T. P. lo, i8, 24, 38, 75. 125, 177 Wakested, arms of . 174 Wallers, Messrs. 221 Wahvyn, arms of 212 VVareing, T. . . . 223 Warren, Ann 199 Gerard 9 •,, Margaret 2 Warwick, arms of 23 Earl of 9 Welley, Williiim— Alice . 51 Westmoreland, Earl of . 9 Wills Barstaple, Isabel 30 ,, John . 30 Beaupyne, Thomas . . 18 Bennett, Agnes . 95 John . 95 Brugge, Sir Gyles 212 Busche, Johane 138 Busshe, Thomas 138 Combre, John 97 Denys, Sir Walter . 109 Dixton, Richard 37 Fortey, John 57 Gibbs, Henry 198 Gittins, William 176 Grevell, Sir Edward . 223 Grevyll, Sir John j6i Grevell, William . 2 3. 115 Grevell, Dame Margaret 223 Greyndor, Dame Jane 48 Haliday, Edwarde 124 Margery 124 Henshawe, WiUiam . 223 Hicheman, Water 127 Jay, Joan . 78 Jaye, John 78 Kingeston. Sir William 217 Knyvet, Sir William 119 Kyngston, Dame Mary 217 Langley, Edmond 218 ,, John . 218 Walter 218 Wills {continued) Marner, Philip Mede, Philip Nele, Thomas Pagge, Robert Porter, Roger Raynsford, Charles Rouudon, Waller Rowley, Thomas Rowse, Thomas Serche, Robert . Spycer, Joan Tame, Sir Edmounde Sir Edmunde . Dame Elizabeth John Tayliour, Johane Thome, Nicholas ,, Robert . Townesend, John Twynyho, John Tyndall, Thomas Weston-uponAvon, brasses at 162 Whittinglon, brass at Widow 14, 27, 29, 31, 44, 48, 91. 126, 131, 148, 154, 175. 195 Wine Merchant . . 18, Winterbourne, brass at . Witts, Rev. F. E. . Woodstock, arms of . Woodmen 20, 21, 39, 48. 52, 54, 89. 135 Wormington, brass at Wotton, Richard de Wotton-under-Edge, brass at . ,, lost brass at Wylcotes, arms of . Wyllycotes, arms of Yate, brass at . 178 72 139 42 130 175 132 75 217 106 44 147 149 149 103 91 169 168 54 no 172 158, 163 68, 168, 222 I 221 117 87. 187 220 2 220 174 174 180 PRINTED .\T \V. J. SOrTHWOOl) AXD CO.'S "nYNAMO" WOKKS, II, 12, 13, CATHERINE ST., EXETER. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY Los Angeles This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. Form L9-32m-8,'57(,C8680s4)444 UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY EACH ITY AA 000 282 063