fimn. nrpi. DOCUMENTS DEPT. Ed kson TREASURY DEPARTMENT. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. SPECIAL EEPORT RELATING TO THE IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF WOOL AND ITS MANUFACTURES IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE PRINCIPAL FOREIGN COUNTRIES ; ALSO ITS PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, AND MANUFACTURE; ALSO THE TARIFF DUTIES IMPOSED ON THE IMPORTS OF WOOL AND THE MANUFACTURES OF WOOL, FROM 1789 TO THE PRESENT TIME, ETC,, ETC,, ETC, PREPARED BY THE CHIEF OF THE BUREAU OP STATISTICS, TREASURY DEPARTMENT. WASHINGTON: GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE. 1887. 5402 w As ric. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, Document No. 1025. Bureau of Statistics CONTENTS. Page. Letter of transinittal IX Introduction XI Importance of the sheep industry, of wool, and the manufactures of wool. . XI Progress of the manufacture of textile fabrics in the United States XII Characteristics of wool and how it differs from hair XITI Kinds and species of wool, and how improved by domestic culture XIV Different breeds of wool-producing sheep XVIII English terms applied to sheep XIX Commercial words and phrases defined XX HISTORY OF THE CONDITION, GROWTH, AND PROGRESS OF SHEEP-RAISING, WOOL-GROWING, AND WOOLEN MANUFACTURES IN THE AMERICAN COL- ONIES AND IN THE UNITED STATES: Antiquity of sheep, wool, and garments of wool XXXII England : Knowledge of the use and manufacture of wool brought by the Romans at the time of their conquest XXXIII Prohibitory laws XXXIII First blankets manufactured in 1340 XXXIII Dyeing first attempted in 1608 XXXIII Jealousy of her American Colonies XXXIV American Colonies: First sheep brought to Jamestown, Va., in 1609 XXXIV Massachusetts encourages by law, in 1645, the raising of sheep XXXV Virginia, in 1662, prohibits the exportation of wool, and offers premium on the manufacture of cloth ^ XXXV Origin and development of wool growing in the United States , XXXV Sheep-raising supersedes cattle-raising along Mexican border XXXVIII Improvement of stock in Texas XXXVIII Sheep-culture in California, Ohio, and other States XXXIX Locality of product, and relative amounts of clothing, euiubiug, and carpet wools raised XL Number of sheep and weight of clip XLII Average weights of the fleece from 1840 to 1880 XLIII Information in regard to the qualities of wool XLIV The wool industry in foreign countries : Wool product of India ; African colonies ; Australia ; Argentine Republic ; Russia ; England, France, and Germany XLV Development of woolen manufactures in the United States : Manufacture of woolin'the Colonies began with the erection of fulling- mills in Massachusetts in 1648 XLVII Erection in 1788, at Hartford, Conn., of the first woolen factory XLVIII Changes in the tariff on wool L Advance towards perfection in woolen manufactures began in flannel goods in 1821 L Increased productive power of woolen machinery LII Principal states and cities in the wool-manufacturing industries LII 270424 in IV CONTENTS. Page. The several branches of wool manufactures : Worsted manufactures LII Carpet manufactures LIII Hosiery manufactures LIV Wool hats and felt goods LV Shoddy LV Manufactures of alpaca, angora, and cashmere wool LV Development of wool manufactures in the United States, by Mr. George William Bond, of Boston, Mass. : Early wool machinery LVI English penal laws against exporting wool machinery LVI Processes of manufacture LVI Early imports of woolen goods LVII Wool tariff of 1824 LVII. Wool tariffs of 1828 and 1829 LVIII Wool tariff of 1832 LVIII Wool tariffs of 1842 and 1857 LIX Wool tariff of 1864 LX Proposed tariff of 1866 LX Table showing the relation of imports to home production of wool, &c. LXI Competition in wool-raising with foreign countries LXIV Tariff discriminations between worsted and woolen LXVI Development of the raw wool trade LXVI Manufactures of woolens in foreign countries LXVIII Comments on Appendix tables LXVIII DIAGRAMS. 1. Diagram showing the number of sheep in the United States from 1875 to 1887, inclusive LXXI 2. Diagram showing quantities of wool produced, imported, and retained for consumption in the United States from 1839 to 1887. inclusive . . LXXIII 3. Diagram showing the quantities of imported clothing, combing, and carpet wools entered for consumption in the United States during the years from 1872 to 1886, inclusive LXXIV 4. Diagram showing the value of imported wool entered for consumption and amounts of duty received thereon during the years ending June 30, from 1867 to 1886, inclusive LXXVII 5. Diagram showing the value of manufactures of wool imported into the United States from 1821 to 1887, inclusive LXXIX 6. Diagram showing the value of imported manufactures of wool entered for consumption and the amounts of duty received during the years from 1867 to 1886, inclusive LXXXI 7. Diagram showing the value of the products of the principal manufact- uring industries of the United States for 1880 LXXXIII 8. Diagram showing the comparative value of some of the leading agri- cultural and mineral products of the United States for 1885 LXXXV 9. Diagram showing the number of sheep and lambs of the principal wool-producing countries of the world LXXXVII 10. Diagram showing the quantities of raw wool produced in each of the principal wool-producing countries of the world - v . . LXXXIX . ^ 11. Diagram showing the value of imports of raw wool and manufactures of wool in each of the principal commercial countries XCI 12. Diagram showing the value of the exports of raw wool and manufact- ures of wool from the principal commercial countries XCIII CONTENTS. - V APPENDIX. THE UNITED STATES. Table. Page. 1. Quantities and values of raw wool imported into the United States from the principal and other foreign countries, with the total quantities and values of foreign raw wool exported and the net imports of the same, 1822-1887 2 2. Quantities and values of raw wool imported into the principal and other customs districts of the United States, 1856-1887 12 3. Quantities of raw wool produced, imported, exported, and retained, for home consumption, 1839-1887 16 4. Quantities and values of imported wool entered for consumption, with the rates and amounts of duty collec-ted on the same, 1867-1886 17 5. Kinds and quantities of raw wool imported into the ports of New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, by countries of production and immediate shipment, 1882-1887 29 6. Values of woolen manufactures imported from the principal and other for- eign countries, with the total values of the exports and net imports of foreign woolen manufactures, 1821-1887 36 7. Quantities and values of woolen manufactures imported, with the esti- mated amounts of duty collected on the same, 1821-1866 38 8. Quantities and values of imported woolen manufactures entered for con- sumption, with the rates and amounts of duty collected on the same, 1867-1886 52 9. Summary of the quantities and values of the net imports of wool and of the values of woolen manufactures imported, with the estimated amounts of duty collected on the same, 1822-1866 104 10. Summary of the quantities and values of imported wool and manufact- ures of wool entered for consumption, with the amounts of duty col- lected on the same, 1867-1886 106 11. Quantities and values of domestic wool exported, 1846-1887 ; values of domestic woolen manufactures exported, 1864-1887, and number and value of domestic sheep exported, 1821-1887 108 12. Prices of various kinds of wool in the markets of New York and Phila- delphia (see Wool prices, Tables Nos. 69 and 70) : a. Prices of fine, medium, and coarse wool in the New York market, from 1824-1887 109 b. Prices of various kinds of wool in the market of Philadelphia from 1864-1887 ,.., 110 13. Tariff rates on imports of wool and woolen manufactures in the United States, 1769-1883 119 a. Synopses of decisions.of the Treasury Department relating to wool and manufactures- of wool under tariff act of March 3, 1883 132 14. Number of establishments, capital invested, hands employed, wages paid, cost of materials used, and value of products of the manufacture of worsted and woolen goods in each State and Territory of the United States, 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880 142 15. Number of machines, looms, and spindles used in the manufacture of woolen and worsted goods in each State and Territory of the United States, 1870 and 1880 145 16. Number of establishments', cards, machines, looms, and employe's, amounts of wages paid and capital invested, and the total values of materials used in, and the products of, the manufacture of woolen goods, worsted goods, carpets, felt goods, and hosiery in each State of the United States, 1880 154 VI CONTENTS. Table. Page. 17. Quantities and values of materials used in, the quantities of the several products and their total values of, the manufacture of woolen goods, worsted goods, felt goods, woolen hats, carpets, hosiery, and knit goods in the United States, 1880..... 157 18. Average daily wages paid to employe's in woolen factories in the States of Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and Kentucky, and wages paid to like employe's in the United Kingdom, 1885 161 19. Number of sheep on farms and the crop of wool in each State and Terri- tory of the United States, 1840, 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880 162 20. Number of sheep in each State and Territory of the United States, each year from 1875 to 1887, inclusive * 164 FOREIGN COUNTRIES. The following tables, unless otherwise specified, are compiled from official data: 21. Austria-Hungary. Quantities of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Austria-Hungary, by countries, 1885 167 22. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Austria-Hungary, 1875-1884 167 23. Belgium. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Belgi um, by countries, 1885 168 24. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Belgium, 1874-1884 169 25. Denmark. Quantities of manufactures of wool imported into and ex- ported from Denmark, by countries, 1884 169 26. Quantities of wool and manufactures of wool imported into, and of wool exported from, Denmark, 1874-1884 170 27. France. Quantity of each kind, and total value of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from France, by countries, 1885 171 28. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into and exported from France, 1861-1885 173 29. Quantities and values of imported wool entered for consumption in France, by countries, and amounts of duty collected, 1820-1840 174 30. Quantities and values of woolen yarns and cloth exported from France, and premium paid thereon, 1820-1840 174 31. Values of woolen cloths exported from France, by countries, 1833 and 1840 . 175 32. Germany. Quantities of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Germany, by countries, 1885 175 33. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Germany, 1875-1884 177 34. Italy. Quantities of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Italy, by countries, and total values of the same, 1885 177 35. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into, and of manufactures of wool exported from, Italy, 1874-1884 179 36. Netherlands. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from the Netherlands, by countries, 1883 179 37. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into and exported from the Netherlands, 1874-1884 , 180 38. Norway. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool im- ported into Norway, 1874-1884 ; 180 39. Portugal. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool im- ported into, and of wool exported from, Portugal, 1874-1884 181 40. Eussia in Europe. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into, and of wool exported from, Russia, in Europe, 1874- 1884 181 CONTENTS. VII Table. Page. 41. Spain. Quantities of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Spain, by countries, and total values of the same, 1885 181 42. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into, and of wool exported from, Spain, 1874-1884 182 43. Sweden. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool im- ported into Sweden, 1873-1883 182 44. Switzerland. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into and exported from Switzerland, by countries, 1885 183 45. United Kingdom. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool im- ported into and exported from the United Kingdom, by countries, 1885. '185 46. Quantities of wool imported into the United Kingdom, by countries, 1844-1860 190 47. Quantities of wool imported from each country, and total value of wool imported into the United Kingdom; also quantities of foreign wool exported, and of net imports, 1861-1885 191 48. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into the United Kingdom, 1861-1885 192 49. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool exported from the United Kingdom, 1861-1885 193 50. Values of manufactures of wool exported from the United Kingdom, 1718-1860 194 51. Dominion of Canada. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool imported into and exported from the Dominion of Canada, by countries, 1884, 1885, and 1886 195 52. British India. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into, and of wool and manufactures of wool exported from, British India, 1876-1 885 199 53. New South Wales. Quantities and values of wool imported into and ex- ported from New South Wales, 1875-1884 199 54. Victoria. Quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool im- ported into, and of wool exported from, Victoria, 1875-1885 199 55. South Australia. Quantities and values of wool imported into and ex- ported from South Australia, 1875-1884 200 56. Tasmania. Quantities and values of wool exported from Tasmania, 1875- 1884 200 57. New Zealand. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into, and of wool exported from, New Zealand, 1875-1884 200 58. Queensland. Quantities and values of wool exported from Queensland, 1875-1884 200 59. Natal. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into, and of wool exported from, Natal, 1875-1884 201 60. Cape of Good Hope. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool im- ported into, and of wool exported from, the Cape of Good Hope, 1875- 1884 201 61. Egypt. Values of manufactures of wool imported into, and of wool ex- ported from, Egypt, 1875-1884 201 62. China (exclusive of Hong-Kong). Values of manufactures of wool im- ported into China, 1874-1884 202 63. Japan. Quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into Japan, 1868-1885 202 64. Information in regard to wool and woolen industries of the United King- dom, France, Germany, and Russia 204 65. Tariff rates on imports of wool and manufactures of wool into Austria-Hungary 210 Belgium 210 VIII CONTENTS. Table. Page. 65. Tariff rates on imports of wool, and manufactures of wool, into Con- tinued. Denmark '210 France 211 Germany 213 Greece 213 Italy 214 Netherlands 214 Norway 214 Portugal 214 Roumania 215 Russia... 215 Servia 216 Spain 216 Sweden 217 Switzerland 217 Turkey 217 United Kingdom 217 Dominion of Canada 217 Mexico 218 Honduras 220 Nicaragua 220 Salvador 220 Hayti 220 Porto Rico 221 Argentine Republic 221 Brazil 222 Chili 222 Ecuador !.. 223 Peru 223 United States of Colombia 223 Venezuela 323 China 223 Corea 224 Japan 224 Siam 224 British India 224 New South Wales 224 Victoria 224 New Zealand 224 66. Tariff rates on foreign and colonial wool imported into the United King- dom from 1818 to their abolition in 1844 ; the quantities of wool im- ported, and the prices of Southdown and Kent long wool, 1818-1845. . . 225 67. Wool crop in each of the principal and all other wool-producing countries of the world 225 68. Number of sheep and goats in the various countries of the world 226 Addenda to United States. 69. Prices of different kinds of wool at Boston for each month from January, 1882, to December, 1886, inclusive, with average prices and average range of prices for each six and twelve months 228 70. Price or cost in the foreign market of imported clothing, combing, and carpet wools entered for consumption in the United States, each year from 1867 to 1887, inclusive 231 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. TREASURY DEPARTMENT, BUREAU OF STATISTICS, September 6, 1887. SIR : I have the houor herewith to transmit a special report on the imports, exports, &c., of wool and the manufactures of wool, in which will be found a brief liistory of the development of sheep husbandry, and of wool and woolen manufactures in the United States and other countries. Among other interesting statistics are tables showing the production and consumption of wool, and the progress of our manufactures of wool and worsted, the number of machines and employe's engaged in their manufacture, capital invested, wages paid, and the materials consumed in each State of the United States in 1880. Tables are also presented showing the tariff duties on imports of wool and its manufactures into the United States from the first wool tariff of 1789 to the present time, together with synopses of all the decisions in customs cases made by the Treasury Department relating to wool and the manufactures of wool under the tariff act of 1883. The tariff duties imposed on imports of wool and the manufactures of wool in foreign countries are also exhibited. I was induced to prepare this report on these great and growing in. dustries of our country, and of other countries, because of very numer- ous calls for information in respect to them and of their prominence and increasing interest in the discussions of Congress and among the people. Eespectfully, Chief of Bureau. Hon. C. S. FAIRCHILD, Secretary of the Treasury, Washington, D. C. IX SPECIAL REPORT ON WOOL AND THE MANUFACT- URES OF WOOL. INTRODUCTION. The wool industry of the United States has assumed such proportions and importance, and the calls for information in respect to it are so nu- merous, as to justify a special report, more or less exhaustive, present, ing the history of its development and disclosing its present condition and future possibilities. It is not intended, of course, to enter upon a discussion of any of the phases of the economic problems involved in the past, present, or pro- posed tariff legislation of Congress in regard to raw wool or any of the various forms into which it has been or may be manufactured ; the proper function of this Bureau being discharged by the collection and publication of full and accurate statistical and other information de- manded by the current of public thought and the growing importance of the subject. That it is of increasing interest and value to the people of the United States will be plainly seen by the following statistical totals of the prog- gress of sheep-raising and of the manufactures of wool : Number of sheep in the United States in 1875, 33,783,600 ; of which there were 4,683,200 in California; 4,592,600 in Ohio, and 3,416,500 in Michigan ; seven other States containing on an average about 1,500.000 each. The remaining States had much less. The total number of sheep in the United States and Territories in 1886, was 48,322,331; in 1887, 44,759,314, being a decrease in one year of 3,563,017. Considering, however, the period of the past twelve years, we find an increase of 10,975,914, or of 32 per cent., since 1875. In 1887 there were in California 6,069,698 head of sheep, in Ohio 4,562,913, in Michigan 2,156,127, and in Texas 4,761,831, showing since 1875 a de- crease in Ohio and Michigan, while Texas more than tripled the num- ber in the State in 1875. New Mexico in 1880 (we have no data for 1875), had 2,088,831 sheep, which number increased by 1887 to 4,025,742. Oregon, in 1875, had 634,400 sheep ; in 1887, 2,593,029. Kansas, in 1875, had 118,000 sheep; in 1887, 1 ,106,852. Colorado, in 1875 (no returns for XI XII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 1878), had 600,000 ; in 1887, 1,149,178. Nebraska, in 1875, had 42,600 sheep; iu 1887, 439,700.* The quantities and value of wool produced in the United States and Territories, as estimated by the statistician of the Department oi Agriculture, were: In 1865 ? 155,000,000 pounds; value not given; in 1875, 192,000,000 pounds, value, $94,320,652; in 1880, 240,000,000 pounds, value, $90,230,537; in 1886, 285,000,000 pounds, value, $68,400,000. The value of the manufactures of worsted and woolen goods was : in 1850, $43,207,545; in 1860, $65,596,364; in 1870, $177,495,689; and in 1880, $267,252,913. Eespecting the quantities and values of imports and exports of raw wool into and from the United States for a long series of years, by principal foreign countries and geographical divisions, also the value of domestic "Observing a remarkable decrease in the number of sheep in certain States in 1887 as compared with the number reported in other recent years, the Chief of the Bureau of Statistics addressed a letter of inquiry to the Agricultural Department as to the causes of the decrease. On July 16, 1887, Mr. J. R. Dodge, statistician of that De- partment, replied as follows : The figures for four years as to sheep in Connecticut are: Numbers. January, 1884.. 58,831 January, 1885 50,419 January, 1886 .* 53, 477 January, 18S7 53,477 The number of sheep in Connecticut is very small at any time, and has been reduced slightly in consequence of low prices of two years past. As to Ohio, the following figures give our estimate in January and the State enu- meration in the following May : Years. Numbers by De- partment. Numbers by State assessors. 1884... 5, 000 036 5, 113, 884 1885 4 900 035 4 8^3 922 1886 4 753 034 4 277 463 1887 4 562 913 The numbers of sheep of Ohio fluctuate, usually, within narrow limits, as the in; dustry is as firmly founded in the rural economy of this State as it is in any district of the United States, according to prices obtained for wool. The decline in prices of wool always causes a decrease in the numbers of sheep in this State. The sheep enumeration of 'Texas is more difficult to calculate. There evidently has been a recent increase in the numbers of cattle and a decline in the numbers of sheep, as is shown by our returns, and by those of the State authorities of Texas. But this does not account for the whole of the reduction of the present year. The State returns have only been made once since 1884, and they showed that our county estimates of increase for previous years had>been too sanguine, requiring a correction. Therefore, while all returns indicate a reduction of numbers since 1884, the apparent decrease is partly due to the above-mentioned error. It has always been far more difficult to estimate accurately the changes occurring, sometimes rapid and sweeping, in ranch flocks than in farm stocks. There is no kind of farm animals so sensitive to changes in prices as sheep not even swine, which are cheap when corn is cheap while the cost of caring for sheep is quite uniform and relatively inflexible. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XIII manufactures of wool exported, and the values of manufactures of wool imported, the reader is referred to tables on pages 1 to 11 of the Ap- pendix. An examination of the totals above given, without reference to the more elaborate tables to be found in the Appendix of the report, will confirm the indications of the rapid development and the increasing in- terest of the people in the production of wool and in its manufacture. CHARACTERISTICS OF WOOL, AND HOW IT DIFFERS FROM HAIR. It is not improbable that a large number of those who will examine this report have a vague and indefinable, and in some respects a mis- leading idea of what wool in a commercial sense really is, and how it differs from hair or fur ; hence it is deemed proper in this place to attempt to disentangle it from popular misconception. While it is true wool is a variety of hair, which in ordinary language is accepted to mean a smooth, straight filament, growing from the skin of animals, like human or horse hair, and without serrations of any kind on its surface, wool is not hair, nor is hair wool. Primarily the term wool is applied both to the fine hair, or fleece, of animals, as sheep, otter, beaver, rabbits, the alpaca, and the cashmere, some species of goats, and other animals, and to fine vegetable fibers, as cotton. But in this report the term wool refers only to the fleece of the sheep an article which from the earliest periods of human history to the present time has been of primary importance, ranking next to cotton as a raw material for textile fabrics, and forming a very large part of the clothing of mankind in the temperate regions of the globe. Hair is straight ; wool is wavy. Hair is crisp and hard ; wool is soft.S Viewed under the microscope, hair presents a smooth surface, whereas j each woolly filament is covered with scales underlying each other,! and projecting wherever a bend occurs in the fiber. If each fiber were straight and smooth, as in the case of hair, it would not retain the twisted state given to it by spinning, but would rapidly untwist when relieved from the force of the spinning-wheel; but the wavy convolu- tions cause the fibers to become entangled with each other and hold the fibers in close contact. Moreover, the deeper these scales or teeth fit into each other, the closer becomes the structure of the thread and con- sequently the cloth made of it. This gives to wool the quality of felting, which with hair is impossible. The New American Cyclopedia, page 535, says that, a placed under a lens of high magnifying power, each fiber of wool has the appearance of a continuous stem, showing along its margin minute serrations, like teeth of an extremely fine saw ; and a closer inspection reveals the fact that these are severally continuous around the entire fiber, so that they may be compared to as many circular leaves, cups, or calyxes, set suc- cessively into each other, and all opening or pointing in the direction from the root toward the free extremity. It was by examination of a XIV WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. fiber of Merino wool that these cup like ridges were first discovered ; but once recognized, it is very easy to detect them in the coarser sorts of fibers. * * * Upon holding up to the light a lock of wool, or a single fiber, it is further observed that the fibers have all permanently acquired in their growth a form more or less twisted or spiral, like that of a corkscrew ; and by the two characteristics thus discovered the felt- ing and thread-forming qualities of wool, and the valuable applications growing out of them, are at once explained. The contorted form of the fibers disposes them to embrace or interlace with, or to hook on to each other ; and the serratures, when the fibers are brought close together in felt, thread, or cloth, present that resistance to slipping and separation which is indispensable to the strength of the fabric. In the long Merino and Saxon wools these scales or projections are very distinct and acutely pointed ; in the Southdown, somewhat less distinct and sharp; in the Leicester, at least the ordinary variety, quite rounded off and in- distinct. In fine Saxon wool, 2,720 of these imbrications are found to the inch; in the ordinary Merino, 2,400 ; in the Australian Merino, 1,920 to 2,400; in Southdown, 2,000 to 2,080; in Leicester wool, 1,850 to 1,860. So far as this single quality is concerned, the results are in strict accord- ance with the known relative values of the several wools for manufact- ure ; since the felting of Saxon wool is superior to that of all others, that of the Southdown inferior to that of both Saxon and ordinary Me- rino, and that of the Leicester least of all. Either the Southdown or Leicester wool, alone, makes a fuzzy, hairy cloth, and neither is now used in England except for the poorest cloths, or when largely admixed with wool of a better quality of fiber. Of two varieties of wool in which the number of the imbrications is about equal, that in which they are at once smaller and more uniform will be the softer and more elastic." KINDS AND SPECIES OF WOOL AND HOW IMPROVED BY DOMESTIC CULTURE. f From Ure's Dictionary. 1 " In reference to textile fabrics, sheep's wool is of two different sorts, the short and the long-stapled ; each of which requires different modes of manufacture in the preparation and spinning processes, as also in the treatment of the cloth after it is woven, to fit it for the market. Each of these is, moreover, distinguished in commerce by the names of fleece wools and dead wools, according as they have been shorn at the usual annual period from the living animal, or are cut from its skin after death. The latter are comparatively harsh, weak, and incapable of imbibing the dyeing principles, more especially if the sheep has died of some malignant distemper. "The wool of the sheep has been surprisingly improved by its domestic culture. The mouflon (Ovis aries], the parent stock from which our sheep is undoubted!} 7 derived, and which is still found in a wild state WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XV iipon the mountains of Sardinia, Corsica, Barbary, Greece, and Asia Minor, has a very short and coarse fleece, more like hair than wool. When this animal is brought under the fostering care of man, the rank fibers gradually disappear, while the soft wool round their roots, little conspicuous in the wild animal, becomes singularly developed. The male most speedily undergoes this change, and continues ever after- wards to possess far more power in modifying the fleece of the off spring than the female parent. The produce of a breed from a coarse-wooled ewe and a fiue-wooled rain is of a mean quality between the two, but half-way nearer that of the sire. By coupling the female thus gener- ated with such a male as the former, another improvement of one-hall will be obtained, affording a staple three fourths finer than that of the grandam. By proceeding inversely, the wool would be as rapidly de- teriorated. It is, therefore, a matter of the first consequence in wool husbandry to exclude from the flock all coarse-fleeced rams. " Long wool is the produce of a peculiar variety of sheep, and varies in the length of its fibers from 3 to 8 inches. Such wool is not carded like cotton, but combed like flax, either by hand or appropriate ma- chinery. Short wool is seldom longer than 3 or 4 inches ; it is suscepti- ble of carding and felting, by which processes the filaments become first convoluted, and then deusly matted together. The shorter sorts of the combing wools are used principally for hosiery, though of late years the finer kinds have been extensively worked up into Merino and other useful fabrics. The longer wools of the Leicestershire breed are manufactured into hard yarns, for worsted pieces,such as waistcoats, carpets, bombazines, poplins, crapes, &c. " The wool of which good broadcloth is made should be not only shorter, but, generally speaking, finer and softer than the worsted wools, in order to fit them for the fulling process. Some wool -sorters and wool- staplers acquire by practice great nicety of discernment in judging of wools by the touch and traction of the fingers. "There are four distinct qualities of wool upon every sheep, the finest being upon the spine, from the neck to within 6 inches of the tail, in- cluding one-third of the breadth of the back ; the second covers the flanks, between the thighs and the shoulders ; the third clothes the neck and rump ; and the fourth extends upon the lower part of the neck and breast down to the feet, as also upon a part of the shoulders and the thighs to the bottom of the hind quarter. These should be torn asunder, and sorted, immediately after the shearing. "The harshness of wools is dependent not solely upon the breed of the animal, or the climate, but is owing to certain peculiarities in the past- ure derived from the soil. It is known that in sheep fed upon chalky districts wool is apt to get coarse ; but in those upon a rich loamy soil it becomes soft and silky. The ardent sun of Spain renders the fleece of the Merino breed harsher than it is in the milder climate of Sax- XVI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. ony. Smearing sheep with a mixture of tar and butter is deemed favorable to the softness of the wool. "All wool, in its natural state, contains a quantity of a peculiar potash soap, secreted by the animal, called in this country the yolk (which possesses a peculiar odor), and which may be washed out by water alone, with which it forms a sort of lather. It constitutes from 25 to 50 per cent, of the wool, being most abundant in the Merino breed of sheep ; and however favorable to the growth of the wool on the living animal, should be taken out soon after it is shorn, lest it injure the fibers by fermentation and cause them to become hard and brittle. After being washed in water, somewhat more than lukewarm, the wool should be well pressed and carefully dried." [From McCulloch's Commercial Dictionary, vol. 2, ed. 1845.] " It has been customary in this country to divide wool into two great classes long and short wools; and these again into subordinate classes, according to the fineness of the fiber. " Short wool is used in the cloth manufacture, and is therefore fre- quently called clothing wool. It may vary in length from 1 to 3 or 4 inches; if it be longer, it requires to be cut or broken to prepare it for the manufacture. "The felting property of wool is known to every one. The process of hat-making, for example, depends entirely upon it. The wool of which hats are made is neither spun nor woven, but locks of it, being thor- oughly intermixed and compressed in warm water, cohere and form a solid tenacious substance. "Cloth and woolen goods are made from wool possessing this prop- erty ; the wool is carded, spun, woven, and then, being put into the full- ing mill, the process of felting takes place. The strokes of the mill make the fibers cohere; the piece subjected to the operation contracts in length and breadth, and its texture becomes more compact and uni- form. This process is essential to the beauty and strength of woolen cloth. But the long wool of which stuffs and worsted goods are made is deprived of its felting properties. This is done by passing the wool through heated iron combs, which takes away the laminaB or feathery part of the wool, and approximates it to the nature of silk or cotton. "Long or combing wool may vary in length from 3 to 8 inches. The shorter combing wools are principally used for hose, and are spun softer than the long combing wools, the former being made into which called hard, and the latter into soft worsted yarn. "The fineness of the hair or fiber can rarely be estimated, at least for any useful purpose, except by the wool sorter or dealer, accustomed by long habit to discern those minute differences that are quite inappreci- able by common observers. In sorting wools there are frequently eight or ten different species in a single fleece; and if the best wool of one fleece be not equal to the finest sort it is thrown to a second, third, or WOOL, AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XVII fourth, or to a still lower sort, of an equal degree of fineness with it. The best English short native fleeces, such as the fine Norfolk and Southdown, are generally divided by the worsted- sorter into the follow- ing sorts, all varying in fineness from each other, viz: 1, prime; 2, choice; 3, super; 4, head; 5, downrights; 6, seconds; 7, nue abb; 9, livery; 10, short coarse or breech wool. The relative value of each varies according to the greater demand for coarse, fine, or middle cloths. " The softness of the fiber is a quality of great importance. It is not dependent on the fineness of the fiber, and consists of a peculiar feel approaching to that of silk or down. The difference in the value of two pieces of cloth made of two kinds of wool equally fine, but one distin- guished for its softness and the other for the opposite quality, is such, that with the same process and expense of manufacture the one will be worth from 20 to 25 per cent, more than the other. The degree of soft- ness depends principally on the nature of the soil on which sheep are fed ; ttiat sheep pastured on chalk districts, or light calcareous soils, usually produce hard wool ; while the wool of those that are pastured on rich loamy, argillaceous soils, is always distinguished by its softness. Of the foreign wools the Saxon is generally softer than the Spanish. Hard wools are all defective in their felting properties. " In clothing wool the color of the fleece should always approach as much as possible to the purest white, because such wool is not only neces- sary for cloths dressed white, but for all cloths that are to be dyed bright colors, for which a clear white ground is required to give a due degree of richness and luster. Some of the English fine wooled sheep, as the Norfolk and Southdown, have black or gray faces and legs. In all such sheep there is a tendency to grow gray wool on some part of the body, or to produce some gray fibers intermixed with the fleece, which renders the wool unfit for many kinds of white goods ; for though the black hairs may be too few and minute to be detected by the wool-sorter, yet when the cloth is stoved they become visible, forming reddish spots, by which its color is much injured. The Herefordshire sheep, which have white faces, are entirely free from this defect, and yield a fleece without any admixture of gray hairs. " The cleanness of the wool is an important consideration. The Span- ish wool, for example, is always scoured after it is shorn ; whereas the English wool is only imperfectly washed on the sheep previously to its being shorn. In consequence, it is said that while a pack of English clothing wool of 240 pounds weight will waste about 70 pounds in the manufacture, the same quantity of Spanish will not waste more than 48 pounds. Cleanness, therefore, is an object of much importance to the buyer. " Before the recent improvements in the spinning of wool by machin- ery, great length and strength of staple was considered indispensable. 5402 w 2 XVIII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. in most combing wools. The fleeces of the long-wool ed sheep fed in the rich marshes of Kent and Lincoln used to be reckoned peculiarly suit- able for the purposes of the wool-comber ; but the improvements alluded to have effected a very great change in this respect, and have enabled the manufacturer to substitute short wool of 3 inches staple, in the place of long combing wool, in the preparation of most worsted articles. A great alteration has, in consequence, taken place in the proportion of long to short wool since 1800, there having been in the interim a con- siderable increase in the quantity of the latter. "Whiteness of fleece is of less importance in the long combing than in clothing wool, provided it be free from gray hairs. Sometimes, how- ever, the fleece has a dingy brown color, called a winter stain, which is a sure indication that the wool is not in a thoroughly sound state. Such fleeces are carefully ihrown out by the wool-sorter, being suitable only for goods that are to be dyed black. The fineness of heavy comb- ing wool is not of so much consequence as its other qualities. "The Merino or Spanish breed of sheep was introduced into this coun-' try about the close of last century. George III was a great patron ot this breed, which was for several years a very great favorite. But it has been ascertained that, though the fleece, does not much degenerate here, the carcass, which is naturally ill-formed, and affords compara- tively little weight of meat, does not improve j and as the farmer, in the kind of sheep which he keeps, must look not only to the produce of wool, but also to the butcher market, he has found it his interest rather to return to the native breeds of his own country, and to give up the Spanish sheep. They have, however, been of considerable service to the flocks of England, having been judiciously crossed with the South- down, Ryeland, &c." DIFFERENT BKEEDS OF WOOL-PRODUCING SHEEP. [From Chambers Encyclopedia.] "As long-stapled wools are used for worsted goods, and short-stapled for woolen goods, the various breeds which yield these two leading kinds are naturally divided into the loug-wooled and short-wooled classes of sheep. The Lincoln, the Leicester, and the Cotswold breeds are con. sidered good types of the former, and the Down, the Welsh, and the Shetland breeds, of the latter. "The following brief notice of the characteristic properties of the various native wools is founded upon the description given of them i the jury report of the International Exhibition of 1862, Class IV. "Of the 'long wools' the Lincoln has greatly risen in value of la years. It is coarse, of great length, and silky in appearance, so that i is well adapted for * luster > goods, in imitation of alpaca fabrics. Lei- cester wool is highly esteemed for combing. It is rather finer in the WOOL, AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XIX hair, but not usually so soft and silky in the staple as the last. Cots- wold wool is similar to the Leicester, but somewhat harsher. It is not suited for luster goods. Highland wool is long stapled, and of coarse quality, but known to be susceptible of great improvements. The prac- tice of ' smearing ' grea/tly depreciates its value. It is chiefly used for the coarsest kinds of woolen fabrics, as carpets, rugs, and similar arti- cles. It is also used fo]f Scotch blankets. "Of the * short wools/ the diiferent breeds of Downs partake very much of the same characters, but soil and climate so far affect them- The Southdown is a short-stapled, small-haired wool, the longer qual* ities of which are put aside for combing purposes, and the shorter for the manufacture of light woolen goods, such as flannel. The Hamp- shire Down differs from it in being coarser, and in having the staple usually longer. The Oxford Down, again, exceeds the last in length and coarseness of staple . The Korfolk Down, on the other hand, when clean, is of a very fine and valuable character. The Shropshire Down is a breed increasing in importance, and is longer in the staple, and has more luster than any of the other Down breeds. Kyeland's wool is fine and short, but the breed is nearly extinct. The Welsh and Shetland wools have a hair-like texture, deficient in the spiral form, upon which depends the relative value of high-class wools. They are only suited for goods where the properties of shrinking and felting are not required. Shetland wool is obtained of various natural tints, which enables it to be used for producing different patterns without dyeing. "Of the intermediate wools, Dorset is clean, soft, and rather longer and not quite so fine in the staple as the Down breeds. The Cheviot has increased very much of late years in public estimation. It is a, small, fine-haired wool, of medium length, and is suitable for woolen and worsted purposes, for which it is largely used." ENGLISH TERMS APPLIED TO SHEEP. [From the American Sheep-Breeder and Wool-Grower, September, 1887.] "The male is usually denominated a 'ram' or 'tup.' The term lamb is applied to the suckling young of both sexes ; but the male, until weaned, is distinguished as a ' tup-lamb, 7 a 'ram-lamb,' a or ' yeld' ewes. There are, besides these, other terms not in general use, but restricted in certain localities, which must be regarded in the sense of provincialisms. It is a singular fact that the age of a sheep is not calculated from the date of its birth, but from its first shearing, though at any time it may be, in reality, fifteen, sixteen or seventeen months old. How this custom arose is not known, but it is established." COMMERCIAL WORDS AND PHRASES DEFINED. "Woolens" and "Worsteds" What is the difference between them? There are two great classes of manufactures using wool as a raw material ; in the one where carded wool is employed the goods are called " woolen fabrics"; in the other where combed wool is used the goods are called " worsted fabrics." To the uninitiated, and in popular concep- tion, there is no difference between the two fabrics. It is proper, therefore, that the distinctions of commerce in respect to them be clearly defined. Worsted is the fiber of wool all laid exactly parallel. Woolen is crossed and uneven like a spider's web. They take all the long hairs and straighten them exactly parallel; and the shorter ones, or the noils, are used for woolen yarn. Only the long fiber can be made into " worsted." The fibers of wool to be used in worsted are separated from the short by combing, and the fibers of woolen are crossed by carding. The former are combing wools. The latter, card or clothing wools, which formerly were the only wools used in cloths. Mr. John L. Hayes, secretary of the National Association of Wool Manufacturers, in a paper submitted to the Senate Committee on Agri- culture, 1886, says : Until the invention of combing by machinery or power, in the early part of the present century, the long-stapled wools, like those from the English mutton sheep, were regarded as combing wools exclusively. In England and in this country, which has always followed the English system, only the long-stapled wools were classified as combing wools until as late as 1867, the period of the tariff of that designation. Until after that time combed wools or yarns made of such wools had never been used in cloths, or the fabrics for the ordinary wear of men, but were used only in stuffs or thin unfelted fabrics, such as dress goods and linings. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXI Woolens, according to Simmoud's Dictionary of Trade and Commerce, are textile fabrics made of wool, or of wool mixed with cotton, or some other similar material. Worsted is a thread spun of wool that has been combed, and which in the spinning is twisted harder than ordinary. It is chiefly used for knitting or weaving into carpets, stockings, caps, gloves, &c. Chambers 7 Encyclopedia : The difference between woolen and worsted fabrics is owing, in great part, to the way the yarn for each is spun. Yarn for woolen cloth is very slightly twisted, so as to leave the fibers as free as possible for the felting process. Worsted yarn, on the contrary, is hard spun, and made into a much stronger thread. On account of the feebleness of woolen yarn, it is more difficult to weave it by power-looms than either worsted, cotton, linen, or silk. : * * The term " worsted" is said to have derived its origin from a village of that name in Norfolk, England, where this manufacture was first carried on. Up to the end of the last century worsted goods were a staple trade of Norwich ; but the neglect of the factory system there led to its being trans- ferred to Bradford, which has become renowned as the metropolis of the worsted manufacture. It is also extensively carried on at Halifax and other places in York- shire. Messrs. Manger & Avery, 105 Bea.de street, New York, in a letter to the former chief of the Bureau of Statistics, dated April 10, 1884, said : Worsted yarn is made entirely of wool that has been combed. Strictly speaking, worsted goods are made entirely of worsted or combed yarns, but to cheapen the goods cotton yarn is frequently used for warp, and carded (woolen) and silk yarns are also frequently used for the same purpose. You are correct in your conclusion that the combing of the wool previous to spinning constitutes the basis of the dis- tinction between "worsted" and "woolen" goods, but the processes are somewhat different all through. Woolen good's are generally "fulled," i. e., shrunk up in finishing, while worsted goods are generally finished without falling. The peculiar- ity of most worsted goods is the silky or glossy finish which they have. The bulk of our fine wools go into ladies' dress goods, but knit goods, cassimere shawls, over- coatings, braids, bunting, in fact, a large variety of goods, are made now of worsted yarns. By the process of manufacture, which separates the short and weak staples, the fibers that are left are uniform in length and strength, and laid side by side; the yarn can thus be drawn out farther, ^,nd is smooth and glossy. ' For any class of goods requiring to be light and strong, worsted yarns are especially suited. Other words and phrases defined. Donskoi wool. A coarse carpet wool imported from Southern Bussia. It is coining in direct competition with the coarse wools of New Mexico and Colorado. Moquette. A tapestry Brussel's carpet of a fine quality j a species of Wilton carpet. (Simmons 7 Commercial Dictionary.) Waste. Three kind of wool waste are quoted in the English wool markets: White stockings, pulled ; colored stockings, pulled, and black, pulled. Clippings. The least valuable portion of wool clipped from the fleece and known as peddler's wool. XXII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. Territory. The wool of the Western Territories, which has as' yet no established character, but is from sheep of all grades, from the Mexican or Churro sheep of Spain to Merino. The wools of Texas and Cali- fornia are marked as shown, without washing. Shoddy consists of cast-off woolen and worsted goods, reduced by powerful machinery to its original state, to be respun and woven alone or mixed with new wool. Hard or superfine goods, reduced in the same way, makes a better class of goods than shoddy from soft or common goods, and is sometimes dis- tinguished from it by the name of Mungo. Mungo. The appearance of Mungo is very deceptive, and the cheap Mungo broadcloths have considerably injured the woolen manufactures. Mungo cloth is, however, properly included with shoddy. (We are indebted to Messrs. Justice, Bateman & Co., wool commission merchants, 122 South Front street, Philadelphia, Pa., for the following definitions :) Ring waste. King waste is so called only by exporters of the article to the United States. This name has been given to it within a few years, since the Treasury Department have promulgated the instructions to appraisers to admit articles for duty as they are commercially known. In France and Belgium, where this article is mostly manufactured, it is known as couronnes crowns, or rings is commercially dealt in under this name and bought and sold under this title by parties who are man- ufacturing it and selling it for export to the United States. It is a highly purified article of scoured wool, and is made from wool tops or combed wool, and the courounes, when not made for export, is the tangled slubbing or wool top tha t, through accident, becomes disar- ranged in the process of spinning it into yarn. Before it was manu- factured largely for export to the United States couronnes were carded over and recombed by the makers the same as other scoured wool. A number of mills in the United States purchase it of importers, who have given it the name of ring waste for the purpose of avoiding the proper duties. It is in point of fact a very highly purified article of scoured wool, being made from wool top, which is thecreain of the wool, by reason of having had the short and broken fibers or bottom combed from it by combing machinery. American manufacturers treat it to a steam bath, which opens the crowns or rings ready for carding machines. This wool is principally used in the manufacture of cassinieres, the same as other scoured wools of merino blood. It is much more valuable than other scoured wool by reason of having been highly. purified from noils, knots, and tangled fibers. Gar netted waste. G-arnetted waste is the product of a garnett ma- chine, which tears and ravels out the twist in thread, thus reducing it back to the original purified wool by reason of taking out the twist which is originally given to the wool to make it yarn or thread. In the WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXIII process of spinning yarn or thread from wool a percentage of this yarn becomes tangled and is called thread icaste. By running it through a garnett machine the stock is restored to the original condition of wool, all the twist being taken out of the yarn, leaving the wool which com. poses it in a condition of unspun wool top/ It is capable of being used for any purpose for which unmanufactured scoured wool can be used. It can be either combed or carded, and can be spun into worsted or woolen yarn. The garnett machine is only applied to tangled threads or yarn for the purpose of reducing them back to the original condition of purified wool. For purposes of making a saleable article noils and other scoured wools are frequently run through the garnett machine at the same time with the thread waste for the purpose of disguising the mix- ing. For instance, until recently garnetted waste was admitted at the same duty as waste, while scoured wools and noils made from scoured me. rino wools are subject to the duty of scoured wool, and to avoid this duty of 30 cents per pound on scoured wools, the latter were run through the garnett machine with thread waste for the purpose of mixing, and the material thus produced was a highly purified article of wool offered for sale as garnetted waste, but really scoured wool, noils, and garnetted waste, and by reason of the process of garnetting the scoured wool, noils were disguised. It was profitable to mix scoured wool with gar- netted waste because of the large demand for the latter for export to the United States, where it was admitted at only the duty of waste. The demand for it for this purpose raised the price of it above the price of the scoured wool of which it is made, for the reason that scoured wool could not be sent to the United States because of the 30 cents per pound duty, while the same article under the name of garnetted waste could be admitted at only 10 cents per pound duty. Wool tops. Wool tops are highly purified scoured wool that have had the Inferior particles, or so-called noils, removed by a process of combing. Unmanufactured scoured wool is fed to the combing machine, which combs out the short and broken fibers or bottom, and the long fibers are laid parallel with each o ther, and when drawn through the comb it becomes wool top and is capable of being manufactured into any kind of woolen goods, either worsted or woolen. In the original process of making worsteds practiced many years ago, only long coarse wools were combed and made into worsteds, but within a comparatively recent period wool of merino blood, after being carded, which is the first process in making woolen goods, is then combed and the long fibers laid parallel with each other, while the short fibers, knots, and bottom are called noils and are separated, but the long fibers so freed pass into what is called wool top, from which it is manufactured into yarn. Garnetted thread waste. Garnetted thread waste is a highly purified article of scoured wool restored to the original condition of manufact- ured wool by means of the garnett machine, and is fully described under the head of garnetted waste above. XXIV WOOL AND MANUFACTURES' OF WOOL. Flocks. Flocks is the nap sheared from the face of woolen cloth. Nap is the ends of the wool fibers teased up by teasles or gigging-machines. This furry appearance produced by the giggiiig-machiue or teasel is sheared off by revolving knives to give the cloth a smooth-faced appear- ance, and the portion cut off is a short stapled wool fiber, and is called flocks, and is of such small value that in some cases manufacturers find it more profitable to throw it on the manure pile than to pay freight on it from one part of the United States to another. We have had flocks shipped to us from mills in the Western States which would not bring freight charges upon it to Eastern cities. Noils. Noils is the name given to the short fibers, knots, broken fleeces and tangled fibers combed from wool usually scoured. They are carded and mixed with longer fibers for clothing purposes. Sometimes long noils have been bought by worsted spinners to recomb, a percent- age of top being obtained by the second process of combing, the first process having failed to remove all of the long fibers. This was more frequently the case with old-fashioned machinery. Machinery for recombing ring waste. The machinery used for recomb- ing ring waste is the same machinery that produces ring waste. The couronnes, or ring waste, is carried back and treated to a steam bath or a bath in boiling water 5 the bubbling, boiling agitation of the water opens the rings, which are then dried and fed to the carding machine the same as the unmanufactured scoured wool. In point of fact it is more valuable than the original unmanufactured scoured wool, by reason of having been highly purified from noils in its previous process through the French combing machinery. Before couronnes became more valuable than the original scoured wool, of which it was made by reason of the demand for it in the United States, where it is admitted at the duty of waste, it was almost exclusively combed over again by the process described above by the manufacturers who made it. In fact they would not part with it except they could sell it for more money than they could get for the original scoured wool of which it was made. Owing to the demand for it by reason of the low duty placed upon it by the Treasury Department of the United States, it has become a valuable article of merchandise, and those manufacturers who know how to use it value it above the cost of the original scoured wool of which it is made. Stubbing. la the process of spinning yarn, wool-tops are sometimes called slubbiug, or roving, in a process midway between wool- tops and yarn. Slivver. In the process of combing wool, the wool passes in a long stringy condition to its next process of manufacture and is called sliv- ver. While under this name it is practically a highly purified article of scoured *wool. Combing icool. Wool of the English blood, such as Cotswold, Leices- ter, and other bright-haired wools, and also all long-fibered wools that WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXV are used in the process of combing, the wool of which is prepared from what are called preparers in contradistinction from the wools which are prepared for the comb Jjy carding machinery. Delaine wool. Delaine wools are wools of the merino blood prepared for combicg-machinery by first subjecting them to the carding process the same as wools are carded which are prepared for clothing purposes. All combing wools which have a remote cross of merino blood are called delaine, and all wools which are carded before they are combed are called delaine wools. Clothing wools. Clothing wools are all short-fibered wools that are prepared for spinning into yarn by first being carded on a carding ma- chine, and are the wools which formerly were not capable of being used for worsted purposes, but by the improvements in machinery by reason of first carding wool and afterwards of combing it, any class of wool whatever can be economically manufactured upon combing machinery as now constructed, so that practically any wool of any kind whatever having a more or less remote merino cross can be carded and then combed and used on worsted machinery. How the terms combing, delaine, and clothing wools originated. Orig- inally nothing was made into wool-top except coarse long-haired wool, and the process of combing was done by hand, and the long wools suit- able for this purpose were called combing wool. Subsequently im- provements in machinery made it possible to use a shorter wool of finer quality having a more or less remote cross of merino blood, and to designate these wools from the long combing wools they were given the name of the class of fabrics into which they were made, viz, delaine, and wools which were too short for what was originally known as the combing process, but still long enough to be combed by modern pro- cesses, were named delaine wools and were manufactured into a class of goods called delaines, and the wools which were considered too short in staple for this purpose were called clothing wools. The recent im- provements in combing machinery now make it possible to comb even the shortest of the clothing wools, and every class of wool grown in the world can now be used on worsted machinery by first carding the wool and then combing it. At the Antwerp Exposition in 1885 a combing machine was exhibited that made a very excellent article of wool-top out of a short-stapled burry Mestizo wool, the proportion of burs so far exceeding the proportion of wool that the raw material might with propriety have been called wooly burs. But the machine made of this article a very superior wool-top. Washed wool. Washed wool is wool washed on the back of the ani- mal by a bath or by spout-washiug, or washed upon the pelt or hide of the slaughtered animal. Scoured icool. All wools that are washed after they are shorn or pulled from the pelt or hide of the animal are called scoured wool. This term is generally applied where the use of warm or hot water is made. XXVI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Tub-washed. Tub washing is a process of scouring wools that are washed after they are sheared or pulled from the pelt. It may be done either with cold or warm water, and is generally understood to signify an incomplete method of cleansing, although the bulk of the tub-washed wools are used by manufacturers without further cleansing. Unmerchantable wool. Unmerchantable wool is a term that describes wools which have been washed on the sheep's back, but so indifferently washed or left so long after washing and before shearing as to become almost, if not quite, as dirty as unwashed. ' Pulled wool. Pulled wool is the name given to wool that is pulled from the skin or pelt of the dead animal. Dead-pulled is a name given to unwashed wool pulled from the carcass of a dead animal. Locks. Broken pieces of wool, called locks, tags, and breech, are the names given to the soiled locks on the buttocks. Fribbs. Fribbs is the name given to the short locks of wool from the legs and face of the animal, as well as the short bits where the fiber is chopped up by the careless use of the shears. Stuffing. Stuffing is a name given to tags, fribbs, and breech-locks when they are rolled up and concealed inside of the fleece when the lat- ter is tied up in its usual condition. Sorts and matching s are names given to different qualities of the fleece when broken off and separated into grades. Some fleeces contain as many as five different qualities of wool. These qualities, when broken up and separated and divided, are called sorts or inatchings. Percentage of scoured wool. Unwashed Merino wool shrinks from 50 to 80 per cent, in scouring. The lightest and choicest Australian me- dium, unwashed, will yield 50 per cent, less of scoured wool, and the heaviest Mestiza buck's fleeces will yield about 20 per cent, of pure scoured wool. Most unwashed wools yield less than 50 per cent, of scoured wool. The light, open, coarse, unwashed wools of the carpet class yield from 50 to 70 per cent, of scoured wool. Fine Ohio full- blood Merino unwashed wool, exclusive of buck's fleeces, yields from 35 to 40 per cent, of scoured wool. The merino fleeces grown in Texas and on the Western prairies of the United States yield from L*0 to 35 per cent, of scoured wool. Unmerchantable Ohio fleeces yield from 37 to 40 per cent, of scoured wool. British and Canada wools yield from 70 to 85 per cent, of scoured wool. Cross-bred washed Ohio fleeces yield from 60 to 80 per cent, of scoured wool. Cross-bred Western American prairie fleeces yield from 30 to 50 per cent, of scoured wool. Tub-washed wools and cross-bred sheep generally yield from 80 to 90 per cent, of scoured wool. Scoured wools, as usually manufactured or as scoured for sale, yield from 85 to 90 per cent, of scoured wool in rewashing. For the better understanding of the quotations of prices of wool, it may be well to explain the following marks and terms employed designating the different kinds of wool : pioyea in WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL, XXVII " X and above" means wool of full Merino blood ; the designation "X, XX, and XXX" indicates the variations in quality owing to the superior breeding, care, or local influences. " No. 1 " means three-fourths-blood Merino. "No. 2" means half-blood Merino. "No. 2 and coarse" one-fourth to half-blood. (For the following we are indebted to Messrs. Sherman Hall & Co., Chicago, 111. :) American wools as they are received in Chicago and*>ther distribut- ing markets are described specifically as to condition, grade, and char- acter, and more generally as to source of supply or regio n where pro- duced. Condition. Refers to the amount of yolk (animal oil p eculiar to the fleece), dust, soil, and other foreign matter appearing in the fleece as offered for sale. The fleece wool is marketed as unwashed, washed, tubwashed, and scoured. Lots not coming under these heads are sold as u unclassified," " rejections," &c. Washed fleece. Wool washed on the sheep in cold water before it is shorn. The alkaline portion of the yolk may thus ,be entirely removed, leaving only the free, colorless animal oil in the fleece. A fleece thus thoroughly washed should be free from the color of the yolk. Other- wise it passes as unmerchantable washed. Tubwashed. The fleeces broken and washed more or less by hand, formerly in a small way, in tubs with soap. Tubwashed varies in con- dition. If washed in cold water and without soap it is hardly as clean as good "washed fleece j" if in warm water and soap, much of the free oil is removed, and it approaches scoured wool in cleanness. Scoured wool. Is treated in a warm alkaline bath and subsequently thoroughly rinsed in clear water until nothing remains but the clean fiber, absolutely clean, and ready for manufacture. Unwashed wool. Is the fleece as shorn from the sheep. Pulled wool. Is wool pulled from pelts. The grades from fine to coarse are as follows: Extra, superfine, A super, B super, pulled, or No. 1. These wools are partially washed in the process of pulling. Dead pulled. Wool pulled from the carcasses of dead sheep. Ranks in condition with unwashed fleeces. Shrinkage, per cent. The loss per hundred pounds in securing any variety of wool, and making it ready for manufacture. Grades. Designate the fineness of fiber. The full-blood wools of the West have for a standard the full-blooded French merino fleece. The fleece resulting from a straight cross between the Meri no and South- down or other coarse- wooled sheep of pure blood is termed half-blood, and in fineness of fiber is generally intermediate to the two stocks crossed. The inbreeding of a half-blood with a Southdown or other coarse-wooled sheep results in a still coarser fiber wool, designated as quarter-blood. XXVIII WOOL ANi) MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Following this theory of crossing well-defined coarse breeds with the fine breeds brings the fall description of grades of fineness as quoted fall blood, one half blood, three-eighths blood, and quarter blood. The types of native or common sheep of the country are the Mexican, with a coarse hairy fleece little better than that of the goat ; the NQW England sheep, brought over and crossed indiscriminately until all definite char- acter was lost ; and. the Virginias, imported and carefully inbred for generations from the best English coarse-wooled flocks. Fleeces from* the first two named, and similar mongrel varieties throughout the country and from flocks carelessly and indiscriminately bred, furnish the coarse and low wools of the country, amounting in weight to perhaps an eighth of the clip, or, say, 40,000,000 pounds, The larger part in the west comes from ISTew Mexico and adjacent States and Territories, and is known in grades as carpet, blanket, and western sorts. The coarse and low grades in the Eastern States come from indiscriminate breeding of small flockmen who change flocks and bucks as necessity or whim may compel or dictate. Grades. As commonly known and recognized in American markets with the blood designations, when applied, are as follows : Full-blood Saxony and Spanish merino (XX and XXX) very finest ; French merino full blood (X, fine) ; half blood, fine medium, No. 1 ; three-eighths blood (intermediate grade) generally combing; low three-eights and high quar- ter, medium ; quarter blood, low medium, common ; coarse and native, (coarse, low, &c.) Custom has brought the grades to nearly uniform standards as to fineness both East and West. In grading the actual character am fineness of the fiber determines the grade, the blood or breed not beinj considered by the grader. Sorts. The fleeces, broken into narrower and more accurate subdivis- ions as to fineness, there being several qualities or sorts of wool in the same fleece. Western and Territory wools. The wools as brought to the Chicago market are generally designated as follows : Western and Territory wools comprise wools raised in the far West, in the new States and Ter- ritories, where the pasturage consists of a broad average of wild grasses, which during the dry season become parched, leaving the dry, sandy soil underneath as a fine dust or sand, which permeates the fleece, adding much to its shrinkage and changing not only its appearance, but the strength of staple, more especially where the soil is alkaline. Fairly bright wools. Raised in the intermediate States more thickl; settled,wherethe tame grasses have superseded the native, and the swai is thicker and more lasting. These wools have less dust in them thai Western and Territory wools, but still retain in a measure the earth; color. Their character is also improved, and the shrinkage in scouring is less than that of wools from the ranches. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXIX Bright wools. Are raised in all the States from the Mississippi to the Atlantic with some slight local exceptions of territory which has been newly brought under cultivation and where the pasturage has not yet been brought to the thick, solid sward which generally characterizes the older settled regions. The wool is of a bright yellow color, the earthy matter not being sufficient to perceptibly modify the color. The western boundary for " bright wools " is gradually moving farther west- ward. Parts of Missouri and Iowa now furnish considerable, and oc- casional clips from States farther west show the improvement arising from cultivated pasturage and withdrawal of flocks from the wild range during the dry, dusty season. The washed icoolis almost entirely confined to bright wools raised east of the Mississippi. Not over one-fourth of the total bright wool clip is now washed before shearing. The practice of washing the sheep in the middle Western States is almost abandoned, excepting in the northern counties of Illinois and the southeastern counties of Wisconsin. About one-half of the wool from Michigan and other States farther east, in- cluding Ohio, still cornes to market as washed wool. The bulk of fairly bright wool and Western wools is sent to market unwashed, just as shorn from the sheep, except from the far Western States and Territories, more especially from the Pacific coast. The proportion being scoured before sending to eastern markets is increas- ing from year to year. It is estimated that nearly half the clip of the Pacific coast, amounting to over 30,000,000 pounds, was scoured the past year before being shipped to market. A large saving is thus made in the item of transportation, as the average shrinkage of these wools in the process of scouring would not be less than 60 per cent. The character of the wools, even under the general classification above noted, varies much with climate, soil, &c., which necessitates subdi- visions, putting the wool from States and Territories having similar char- acteristics, well known to experts, in groups or subclasses, although this subclassification is by no means arbitrary, more than is the actual breed of the sheep in determining the grade. The Western wools we group as follows : Kansas and Nebraska. Better character than wools raised farther west and southwest ; some of it fairly bright. Nevada, Oregon, Washington Territory, Utah, Wyoming, and Idaho. Standard Territory wools running from [X] to coarse, but with little intermixture of the Mexican blood apparent. Colorado and Arizona merino^ inbred largely with Mexican sheep, the words " improved," " partly improved," and " native," showing the degree of improvements, if any. New Mexico. More native, coarse carpet wools, but "improved" in some sections. Montana. These wools stand at the head of Territory wools. The soil, climate, and parentage combine to produce wool of the best char- XXX WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. acter possible on wild land. In addition, the sheep husbandry of the Territory has been developed from the beginning by men of more than ordinary intelligence, and usually with ample capital to carry on the business with such system as to obtain the best results. Yalley Ore- gon and the best Utah wools resemble them closely. Texas. These wools vary in quality, character, and condition from the coarse Mexican and partly improved on the southern border, to the finest and deepest grown merino ; from red, sandy wool bearing the heaviest shrinkage, to bright wools almost equal to the best un- washed Michigan and Ohio. In some parts of the State the wool is shorn twice a year, as is the case on the Pacific slope: hence the terms " spring clip," " fall clip," " twelve months wool," &c., as applied to Texas and California wools. The character of wool refers to the length of fiber, the strength, the elasticity, the luster, felting properties, &c. The character of the wool is largely determined by soil, climate, and the care given the flocks. Alkaline soil, an unfavorable climate, insufficient food, and neglect would result in an absolute change of the character of the wool. Felting wools. The felting properties of different wools depend on the rough serrations on the face of the fiber, which give them the power of adherence one to another, in cloth, under the process of fulling 5 in hats, by felting machines, which reduce the wool to a solid mass of felt with- out any previous process of fabrication. These properties vary, the finer wools being generally best adapted to felting and clothing purposes. Combing and delaine. Wools suitable for the manufacture of worsted goods. For such goods the wool is first combed instead of carded, be- fore being spun into yarn. Combing draws the fibers parallel to each other, and, in this form, twists into a smooth, hard, lustrous yarn, with few ends of the fiber appearing on the surface, as compared with the clothing yarns which are made from carded wool. u Combing and de- laine" wools require long, strong staple, of even strength throughout, and for the best worsted goods it should be of bright lustrous color. Clothing wools embrace the whole list of short staple wools not suited to delaine and combing uses. DEFINITIONS ( OF WOOL AS KNOWN IN AGO MARKET. (To the courtesy of Mr. Charles S. Fellows, assistant secretary of the Board of Trade of Chicago, we are indebted for the following defini tions of the commercial terms known to the Chicago wool market:) Medium. Refers to fineness of staple neither the finest nor coarsest. XXX. The finest quality generally quoted. Ohio and Pennsylvania No. 1 fleece. Washed fleeces, raised in States named, medium in quality. Ohio and Pennsylvania X and above. Fine wools from the States named. Ohio and Pennsylvania XX and above. Finer than above. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXXI Michigan X. Fine Merino, from the State named N. B. State al- ways refers to place of production. Michigan No. 1. Medium quality ; quotations for washed fleeces if not otherwise stated. New York, New Hampshire, and Vermont X. Fine Merino. New York and New Hampshire No. 1. Medium. Combing, Kentucky f 6/00$. Fine medium in quality. Staple long, strong, lustrous suitable for combing purposes. Combing, Kentucky J blood. Same as above a grade coarser. Combing, Indiana and Missouri blood. Same as* above, except States in which produced, and corresponding difference in character. Combing, Indiana and Missouri f blood. One grade finer than above. Combing, No. 1 Ohio. Medium combing from said State. Combing, No. 2 Ohio. Low medium from said State. Combing, No. 1 Michigan. Medium combing from Michigan. Delaine, Ohio. Wool from Ohio of long staple, fit for the manufacture of delaine goods; properties like combing, but wool finer. Delaine, Michigan fine. From Michigan, same as above. Montana fine. Fine Montana wool. Montana fine medium. Same as above, grade coarser. Montana medium. Grade below fine medium. Wyoming and Colorado fine. From region named. Wyoming and Colorado fine medium. From region named. Wyoming and Colorado medium. From region named. Georgia. Wools raised in Georgia peculiar to that State. Kentucky clothing, blood. Clothing is of shorter staple, too short or too weak for combing purposes. (a) Texas spring medium, 12 months, Refers to time of shearing. Some shear twice a year, hence 12 months, 8 months, &c., refer to time since last previously shorn. Texas spring, fine. Shorn in the spring. Texas spring, fine quality, G to 8 months. Answered in (a}. Texas spring, medium quality, 6 to S months Answered in (a). Texas fall, fine quality. Shorn in the fall. Texas fall, medium quality. Shorn in the fall. Kansas and Nebraska carpet. Very coarse, hairy wool, fit for man- ufacture of carpets, horse blankets, and other coarse goods. Unleashed fine Ohio and Michigan. Not washed on sheep before they are shorn. Unmerchantable Ohio and Pennsylvania. Partly washed, or otherwise unfit to go into merchantable piles or grades. Unmerchantable Michigan. Same as above. Super pulled, Maine. Medium from pelts in the State of Maine Super medium. Eefers to quality of pulled wool. Super A. Refers to quality of pulled wool. Super Western. Refers to quality pulled in the West or from Western kins. XXXII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Extra pulled. Finer than super. California spring. (See answers to "Texas" marked u (a)" and what follows). California southern. (Where raised) Free, not cotted, free from burrs or other foreign matter. California southern, defective. Poor staple, or otherwise unfit to be classed as free. California fall (See Texas ("a").) Oregon east. Where raised. Oregon east , fancy. Above average in character or condition. Oregon fine valley ; Oregon medium valley. Raised west of mountains in Oregon. Australian crossbred. Coarser by inbreeding coarse English flocks with Merino. Montevideo. South American port from which the wools are exported. HISTORY OF THE CONDITION, GROWTH, AND PROGRESS OF SHEEP- RAISING, WOOL-GROWING, AND WOOLEN MANUFACTURE IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES AND IN THE UNITED STATES. (For much of the information presented in the following paper, we are indebted to Mr. Plarold Snowden, of Alexandria, Va.) ANTIQUITY OF SHEEP, WOOL, AND GARMENTS OF WOOL. According to the ]STew American Cyclopedia it appears that the rear- ing of sheep dates from the earliest times. The passages in the Bible alluding to sheep, wool, and woolen garments are well known, and it is a noticeable fact that distinct mention of the last two of these begins at a period much later than that in connection with which the first is named. In Leviticus, xiii, mention is made of garments having " the warp or woof of linen, or of woolen "5 and these two materials appear to have been the staples of the primitive weavers of Syria, Palestine, Greece, Italy, and Spain. Pindar applies to Libya the epithet " flock- abounding." Attic wool was celebrated from an extremely early period, and at least down to the time of the Latin poet Laberius, in the first century before the Christian era ; and the woolen fabrics of both Greece and Italy attained special excellence. Strabo, however, living in the first century of our era, remarks that the tine cloths worn by the Romans in his time were manufactured from wool brought from Spain. Pliny, himself a governor of Spain, describes several fine-wooled varieties of sheep as having long been reared in that country. In view of these facts, further doubt is thrown upon the two attempts to account for the origin of the Merino sheep, neither of which in itself appears to wear the stamp of consistency. At all events, when the Merinos of Spain first attracted the obser- vation of other nations, they were found in nearly all parts of the country, and mainly in very large permanent flocks, which in separate WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXXIII districts appeared as different varieties ; while so special were the management and lines of breeding, that the several flocks often consti- tuted so many subvarieties. The flocks were of two general sorts, the traveling (translmmantes) and stationary (estantes}. They were chiefly owned by the king and some of the nobles and clergy; and such was the importance attached to the products of these flocks, that the culti- vators of vineyards and arable lands were by law required to leave broad roads through their estates for the passage of the flocks from tho southerly to the northerly provinces in spring and their return in autumn, or for such other migrations as their owners might desire: and, in fact, all other agricultural interests were sacrificed to the con- venience of their proprietors.'' The myth of u The Golden Fleece." and the perilous adventures of the Argonauts attending its capture at the jaws of the fiery dragon, appear now to have been prophetic of the almost fabulous wealth which has attended the pursuit and capture of the rich-coated ram of the nineteenth century, and show that even prior to the days of Homer and Hcsiod the golden qualities of the fleece of the ram were well known to the ancients. The Romans brought with them to England at the time of their con- quest of that country a knowledge of the use and manufacture of wool hitherto unknown there. Rude and imperfect as this knowledge was, it formed the basis of an industry which soon became the most valua- ble of all her industries, and as such it was guarded with jealous care until early in the nineteenth century, when English wool manufactures had attained such perfection that she threw down her woolen gauntlet and proclaimed free wool and free woolens to the world. As early as the year 1261 England, by statute, prohibited the export from her borders of raw wool or the wearing within her borders of any foreign woolens, and from time to time afterwards she amended this , prohibitory statute, and always in the direction of more stringent pro- hibition, until the year 1660, when she perfected it in that respect. This latter statute remained in force until 1824, except that in 1802 raw wool had for the first time to submit to a tariff of 6d. per pound. In 1824 she reduced the tariff on woolen goods from Ctd. per pound to Id. per pound and admitted raw wool free. In the year 1331 the first great impulse was given in England to woolen manufactures by the importation by Edward III. of Flemish weavers, considered then the most expert weavers of Europe. Under their supervision the first blankets were manufactured in England in 1340. The first record of any attempt to dye woolen cloths in England was in 1608; and six years later, in 1614, mixed yarns, "dyed in the wool," were first introduced in manufactures.* *Dyed woolen cloths did not hold their colors as well as those cloths made from yarns previously dyed; hence, arose the DOW popular expression " Dyed in the Wool," denoting deep convictions and unvarying opinions. 5402 w a XXXIV WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. In the year 1678 England, by statute, enacted that all corpses should be buried in woolen shrouds, and this statute remained in force until the year 1808. Whether or not this law afforded any comfort or con- solation to the English citizen, who thus secured for himself, in death, at least, if not before, one suit of woolen clothes, is not known, but the result of the law, it is said, was most beneficial to wool-growing and wool manufacture. In the year 1684 the assembly of Virginia passed a law to encourage the manufacture of wool in that colony, but England annulled the law, and fifteen years later, viz, in 1699, becoming jealous of the colonies, prohibited under heavy penalties the exporting of wool or woolen man- ufactures from their borders. As further evidence of the jealousy of England toward her colonies, in 1698 Governor Mcholson of Virginia suggested to the English Crown that cloth-making should be prohibited in the colonies, and the other royal governors soon followed the example of Governor Nicholson. In 1731 the English Government " instituted inquiries to ascertain to what extent colonial manufactures were injuring English- manufact- ures," and in 1750 the alarm became so great at the increase of Amer- ican skill that a statute was enacted prohibiting the exporting from England of any tools or utensils used in woolen manufactures. In the year 1700 the wool crop of England was only about 10,000,000 pounds per annum, and the value of her woolen manufactures about $40,000,000. In 1844 her woolen manufactures had increased to $120,- 000,000 per annum in value, and her woolen exports to $40,000,000. In 1859 her woolen exports alone amounted to $75,000,000, while her wool crop in the United Kingdom was 250,000,000 pounds and her imports of raw wool 110,000,000 pounds. The average weight per fleece in the United Kingdom in 1860 was 5 pounds. Woolen manufactures retained their supremacy as the first in impor- tance of English industries until the close of the eighteenth century ? when the wonderful increase in cotton production and manufacture sent cotton manufactures to the front. WOOL, AND MANUFACTURES OF, IN THE AMERICAN COLONIES. In the colonies wool production and manufacture were of slow growth, owing to the unfriendly attitude of the mother country ; nevertheless considerable progress was made. Of course whatever of knowledge there was in the colonies as to the use or manufacture of wool was derived from England. The first sheep introduced into the colonies were brought from Eng land to Jamestown, Va., in the year 1609; the exact number is not known but probably only a few. There is but little subsequent infor- mation about these until 1649, when it is stated that they had in creased to 3,000. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXXV In 1633 a few sheep were brought from England to Massachusetts, and in the year 1640 they had increased to about three thousand. In 1625 the Dutch brought over some sheep to the New Netherlands, and again in 1630, but their efforts to raise sheep proved unsuccessful. In 1663 a Swedish colony in Delaware brought over 80 sheep. No mention can be found of the names of these stocks of sheep intro- duced from Europe at this early period, but it is known that the wool was coarse and the sheep inferior, and there is no record of any effort to improve the stock by importing Merinos until after the Revolution. In 1645 Massachusetts passed laws encouraging the raising of sheep, and in 1656 another statute was passed requiring each family to spin 3 pounds of wool, cotton, or flax per week for thirty weeks of each year. In the same year, 1656, the first weaver who settled and commenced weaving at Lowell, Mass., was encouraged so to do by a grant of 30 acres of land. In 1662 Virginia, by statute, prohibited the exporting of wool, and offered 5 pounds of tobacco [at that time Virginia currency] for every yard of woolen cloth made in the colony j and in 1664 the general assem- bly of Virginia established in each county looms and weavers. Other colonies likewise encouraged wool raising and manufacture by various local statutes. There are no means of ascertaining the number of sheep in the colonies prior to the Revolution, but it is known that before the close of the sev- enteenth century " spinning, carding, and weaving of wool, and the dress- ing of cloth were introduced in all of the old colonies by the successive arrivals of English and German artisans, and were encouraged by stat- utes, and it was said that New England then abounded in sheep." Just prior to the Revolution it was deemed patriotic in all the colonies to use homespun cloth in preference to English goods, and in the year 1770 it is said that "the graduating class at Harvard College appeared clad in black cloth of New England manufacture," but this was proba- bly of inferior grade. ORIGIN AND DEYELOPEMENT OF WOOL GROWING IN THE UNITED STATES. The first concerted action for the improvement of the stock of sheep seems to have come from the Society for ttye Promotion of Agriculture of South Carolina. In 1785 this society offered a 'medal for the first flock of Merino sheep kept in the State ; but there were no importations of Merino sheep to any of the States until 1793. *. Prior to Queen Elizabeth's reign, England raised the finest Merino sheep in the world ; but during her reign Spain stepped to the front rank in raising sheep of fine grade, and she guarded her fine Merino stock with jealousy, forbidding the export of any Merino sheep from tfrat country. XXXVI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. In 1793 Hon. William Foster, of Massachusetts, is said to have smug- gled from Spain to a friend in Boston three fine Merinos, worth $1,500 each; but Foster's friend, in ignorance of the value of the gift, killed the sheep for mutton and thanked him for the delicious meat he had sent him. The first full-bloodea Merino stock ram kept in this country, so far as can be ascertained, was from 1801 to 1805, on the farms of M. Dupont de Nemours and M. de Lessert, on the Hudson River. This ram was imported from Spain at a cost of $1,000, and named Dom Pedro. In 1S?)5 M. Dupont purchased Dom Pedro, and he became the sire of many fine-grade flocks, near Wilmington, Del. In 1810 M. Dupont erected woolen mills on the Brandywiue, and in his manufactures used the wool of these flocks. In 1802 Hon. K. E. Livingston, United State minister at Paris, and afterwards chancellor, sent home to his New York farm two pairs of French Merinos from the French Government stock at Chalons: these lie crossed with the Dom Pedro stock. Col. David Humphreys, of Connecticut, United States minister to Spain, shipped to the United States in 1802 a flock of 20 Merino rams and 71 ewes. In 1803 Dr. James Mease, of Philadelphia, imported 2 black Spanish Merinos. In 1807 Dr. Muller imported several Merinos from Hesse-Cassel. In 1809 William Jarvis, consul at Lisbon, purchased and shipped to the United States from Lisbon 3,850 sheep selected from the best Spanish breeds, which had been confiscated and ordered to be sold by the Span- ish Junta, and it is estimated that up to 1810 there had been imported about 5,000 Merino sheep, which had been disseminated through New England and the Middle States, and as far west as Ohio. At an exhibition of the Merino Society of the Middle States in Oc- tober, 1811, there were specimens of the Irish, Tunisian or Barbary, New Leicester, Bakewell or Dishley, and Southdown breeds. These 5,000 Merino sheep are the basis on which stands the American improved stock of the present day, although the stock has been, since 1810, kept up by numerous additions from the best flocks of Europe. In 1823 the Saxon Merinos were imported, and since then the French ' and Silesian Merinos have been introduced and distributed throughout the country, and the United States have for forty years past been rais- ing as fine sheep and as fine wool as any country in the world, though not to the extent demanded by manufacturers. It is the current popular opinion that English and Australian wool surpasses American in quality, but the reverse is true. The opinion re- ferred to doubtless arises from the fact that England surpasses this country in fine broadcloths and cassimeres, but that is due to ike* fine quality and length of fiber of American wool, which renders it unsuitable for the short smooth nap of fine cloths. The American cloths, how- WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXXVII ever, are more durable than the English, though not susceptible of so smooth a finish. In all goods where soft and fleecy finish is required, American wool and American manufactures excel those of the rest of the world. In 1851, at the World's Exhibition in London, four prize medals were awarded to American sheep, and at the International Exhibition of 1863, at Hamburg, where all of the finest flocks of Europe were represented, two first-class prizes were awarded to Merino sheep from Vermont. Since the year 1850, the Western States and Territories have taken the front rank as sheep and wool producing sections. In Texas, New Mexico, and California, there were 2i sheep ranches in 1880, aggregat- ing 3,000,000 sheep, and averaging about 140,000 to the ranch ; the greater portion of these (probably four-fifths of them) were in the hands of old Mexican families. The pasturage of these sheep, like the past- urage of a large part of the Western cattle, is supplied by the lands of the United States Government.* Sheep, however, are not believed to injure lands; on the contrary, it is said that sheep-grazing produces a stronger grass, and it is estimated * In the cases of the small flocks of sheep abounding principally in the Southern, Middle, and Eastern States, whose average size is small, probably not exceeding forty or fifty per flock, there is no rule of treatment vritli respect to their care, propagation, &c., which can be laid down. But among the large ranges of the West and Southwest, especially Texas, New Mexico, and California, the methods as to these vital matters are more uniform. There the sheep are divided into flocks of from 1,200 to 2,500, with one shepherd in charge of each flock. The shepherd is generally assisted by one or more shepherd dogs. These dogs, together with the shepherd's wife, accompany him from pasture to pasture from the close of the sheep-shearing season until October or November, when he returns with his flock to their permanent winter abode. As soon as he returns the weathers are separated from the ewes and the latter are corraled to receive thb Merino rams. These pure Merino rams have been fed for about a month previously on corn and oats mixed. They are admitted to the ewes at night and withdrawn at daybreak, when the ewes are driven to pasture and the rams fed with corn, oats, and alfalfa hay. This process is continued for about six weeks until all the ewes have been served. Some ranchmen use 1 ram for 50 ewes, while most of them supply 1 ram to 100 ewes. The rams are renewed every three years. Ewes, if well treated, last for seven years. The better grades of sheep now bear two lambs and not infrequently three, while the native and common stock never have over one. The period of gestation is from twenty to twenty-one weeks. Just before the lambing season begins, three extra men are employed for each flock. These men care for the ewes during parturition. And within about ten days from the beginning of the season the important and delicate work of castrating, marking, and tailing the young lambs begin. The lambing season, which lasts about the same length of time as the rutting sea- son, say six weeks, being over, the shearing begins, and as soon as this is ended the extra hands are discharged and the shepherds, their wives and dogs, again depart with their flocks for the summer pastures. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOD, that a Western sheep pasture, after five years 7 grazing, will support 40 per cent, more sheep than it did the first year. Sheep raising has of late years superseded cattle raising to a great extent along the Mexican border. This revolution has been effected in consequence of the liability of cattle to the raids of cattle thieves who drive them across the border, while sheep cannot be made to travel rapidly or to any great distance. Prior to 1850 the few sheep owned in Texas were of the old Spanish or Mexican breed, greatly degenerated, producing only about 1 pound to the fleece, and of inferior quality. From 1850 to 18GO greater atten- tion was devoted to sheep-raising in Texas, and pure Merinos were im- ported and crossed on the native stock with the 'happiest results. In 1860 the number of sheep in Texas had increased 700 per cent, over that of the year 1850, and the wool clip was much better. From 1860 to 1870 there was no increase, but a slight decrease in numbers, the de- crease being only for the years 1868-'69. In 1880 the number of sheep had doubled since 1870, and the wool clip had increased 300 per cent. In 1880 the native Mexican sheep, which in 1850 produced only 1 pound per fleece, produced on an average 2.17 pounds, while the half-breed Meri- nos produced 3.17 pounds, and the grades above half breeds produced 4.75 pounds per fleece. Here, as elsewhere in the United States, practical experience has demonstrated that the best sheep for the country gen- erally is about three-fourths Merino, the grades above that proving less hardy and more liable to serious diseases, although during the last twenty years the long combing wool or mutton sheep, viz, the Leicesters or Lincolns and Cotswolds, have greatly increased aud are still increas- ing, especially in localities convenient to the large fresh-meat markets of the country. This has been caused by the enhanced value of the long combing wools for worsted manufactures, and also by the superior quality of the mutton of these sheep ; but the quality of their wool does not equal that of the Merinos, nor is the wool so valuable for general manufacturing purposes. Up to the present time, however, the long combing wools bring the highest prices, owing to their scarcity. It is now estimated that one-fourth of the stock of Michigan and a few other Western States is of the mutton or long combing wool stocks, while New York has to a great extent substituted the same stock for her Merinos. If the rest of the country should follow the example of New York, the prices of the combing wools would necessarily depreciate, while Merinos would enhance in value and the manufacturing interests would lose by the change. Merinos are not only the hardiest sheep, but also produce the finest quality of wool, and sheep-growers have recently, in view of the dan- gers besetting the Merino stock from the rivalry of the mutton sheep, advocated and begun to practice the doctrine that the mutton qualities of the Merinos can be improved so that they will ecjiial the best mutton sheep. Their .theory is that Merirjos are poorly fed, and, when young, < " WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XXXIX kept lean, so that it is difficult to fatten the mature sheep, while the mutton stocks have been fed as well as bred to their superior capacity for taking on fat. In this way the Leicester breed was improved, and a concerted and determined effort has now begun to make the Merinos of the future mutton sheep. In a few years the experiment will be fully tested, and, if successful, will greatly increase their value to the farmer, as he can in times of wool depression find a market for his mutton. The long combing wool sheep will, however, retain their value unless the production increases to so great an extent as to exceed the demand for that variety of wools. It has already been definitely ascertained that crossing the Merino with the Cotswolds and Leicesters will, for the first generation, produce mutton equal to the Southdown, and wool superior in quality to the Cotswold, but further breeding in the same direction has always proved a failure. It has, however, not yet been so definitely settled as to the result of crossing the Merinos with the downs, and the Messrs. Baechtel Brothers (large sheep raisers of California) have recently experimented success- fully, as they think, in that direction, and claim that they have secured a permanent cross stock, having larger carcass and more wool than the Merinos. Texas, New Mexico, and the southern portion of California are well adapted to sheep-raising, and there the sheep are sheared twice a year.* Prior to 1852 California had only a few sheep, and they were of the coarse- wool Mexican breeds. In 1852 New Mexico shipped, or rather drove, to California 40,000 sheep; in 1853, 135,000; in 1854, 27,000; in 1855, 19,000; in 1856, 200,000; in 1857, 130,000 ; but in 1858-'59 the In- dians became so troublesome that the trade ceased ; the war then came on, and the demand for the low grade of sheep seems to have ceased. From 1852 to 1858 California imported from Missouri, Illinois, and Ohio Spanish Merino rams and crossed them on the Mexican sheep, with the r same results experienced in Texas. The severe storms. of 1861- ? 62 and . ** With "ieapect to tiie raising' in Texas, New Mexico, aud Arizona of the valuable wool-producing alpaca of South America, Mr. E. L. Baker, U. S. Consul at Buenos Ayres, in his report of June, 1887, says: "I merely make the suggestion that in these respects, if we had ransacked our in- ventiveness to describe an animal, which should be pre-eminently adapted to some portions of our own country, we could hardly have imagined a breed more suited than these South American sheep. I refer particularly to the desert portions of Texas and of New Mexico and Arizona, whose arid soil and general scarcity of water are a great drawback to their proper development. Introduced under favorable circum- stances, any or all these classes of animals might be able to fiU an industrial gap in those regions which otherwise we can scarcely expect to find a filling for ; and thus even the most unpromising portions of those Territories plight in time attain to a development, through the valuable wools which these animals afford, that there else can be but little hope for, while in other parts of the country, wherever ordinary sheep may be produced, the introduction and acclimatization of these valuable wool- producing animals would give us a new source of national wealth." XL WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. the droughts of 1863-'64 proved disastrous to sheep-raising and almost stripped the State of her sheep, and it took several years to recover from these disasters. In 1876, 1877, 1878 California drove Merino sheep to New Mexico to the number of nearly 50,000 in the three years. In New Mexico, as in Texas and California, the best results have fol- lowed from the crossing of breeds, and the agricultural reports since 1880 show a wonderful increase in the weight of the fleece there. In 1880 the average fleece in New Mexico only weighed about 2 pounds, while the most inferior in Texas and California was 2.17 pounds, the half-breeds 3.17 pounds, and those over half-breeds 4.75 pounds. According to the official statistics of 1880, Ohio raised about one- seventh of the sheep and one-seventh of the wool of the United States; California about one-ninth of the sheep and one-ninth of the wool. Texas came next in number of sheep ; Michigan next, but she produced nearly twice as much wool as Texas; New Mexico next in number of sheep, but behind Pennsylvania and New York in amount of wool next in number of sheep came Pennsylvania, and next New York. The only other States that had as many as 1,000,000 sheep or produced as much as 5,000,000 pounds of wool in 1880 were Missouri, Illinois, In- diana, Kentucky, Oregon, and Wisconsin, in the order named. Colo- rado, however, shows wonderful improvement during the decade from 1870 to 1880, having in 1880, 746,443 sheep and raising 3,197,391 pounds of wool. It will be observed that of the above-named thirteen States and one Territory, eight lie west of the Mississippi Eiver, and prior to the year 1850 Missouri was the only one of the eight where sheep-raising had been considered of any importance. LOCALITY OF PRODUCT AND RELATIVE AMOUNT OF CLOTHING, COMB ING, AND CARPET WOOLS RAISED. Mr. J. E. Dodge, statistician of the Department of Agriculture, in respect to the kinds of wool grown in the United States, has stated as follows : The first of the three classes is clothing wool. This is the fleece of full-blood and grade Merino, of fine, short fiber, remarkable for its felting quality. These wools are prepared for manufacture by carding rather than combing. The highest type of this race, the registered thoroughbred, is found in Vermont, where breeding flocks are more numerous than elsewhere, and in considerable numbers in Western New York, Ohio, and Michigan, and scattered through the Western States. The Merino type of wools prevails almost exclusively in the three States named, in Texas, and throughout the Rocky Mountain and Pacific coast areas. Few sheep of other blood are found west of the Missouri River. Western Pennsylvania and West Virginia furnish wool of the Merino type mainly. The seaboard States of New England also furnish some grade wools of this type. The second class, the combing wool of the tariff classification, includes the medium and long wools of the English breeds, the Cots wold, Leicester, Lincoln, several fami- lies of Downs, and other breeds of long and coarse wool, also popularly known as the mutton breeds. These are few in number compared with the Merino type. Nearly all the sheep of the South, exclusive of Texas, are of this class, mostly descendants of the Jess improved English sheep of a hundred years ago, with occasional infusions of better WOOL AtfD MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XLI blood from England, Canada, or the Northern States. In Kentucky probably 99 per cent, are of the combing-wool class. A considerable portion, too, are highly im- proved, giving to this State the reputation of having a larger proportion of high- quality mutton than any other State. In the vicinity of the Atlantic cities, from Maine to Virginia, sheep husbandry is principally lamb production, the males being Downs or other English breeds, and the ewes grades of both the Merino and the English types. This combination produces a mixed wool of a useful character. Then there are considerable numbers of the English breeds, though fewer than Merino, scattered through the Western States, from Ohio to Kansas, and a still smaller proportion on the Pacific coast and in the Territories. As to the third class, the carpet wools, they are represented in the United States only by the Mexican sheep, which are the foundation of a large proportion of the ranch flocks, but so improved by repeated crosses as to furnish wool of the Merino type, much of it of high grade. It is also stated that the carpet- wool product of the United States is almost exclusively the fleece of sheep of Mexican origin, which are raised chiefly in Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and certain other Territories of the mountain region of the country situated between the Mississippi Valley and the Pacific slope. The imports of combing wool into the United States are chiefly English long wool, which enters into competition with the delaine or combing merino wool produced in this country. As to relative quantity of clothing, combing, and carpet wools, re- speotively, produced in the United States, Mr. James Lynch, of New York, a recognized authority upon wool statistics, states, under date of September 26, 1887, as follows : You want estimates of the respective amounts of clothing, combing, and carpet wool in the United States clip of 1886. If you will refer to my last annual circular you will find my estimate of the total wool clip of the United States to be as follows in pounds, viz : Iowa, Missouri, Minnesota, and States east of the Mississippi, except lower Southern *. 160,000,000 California 40,305,000 Oregon and other Western States and Territories 56, 000, 000 Colorado and New Mexico 24, 000, 000 Texas 26,000,000 Georgia, Lake, and Southern 16,000,000 Total 322,305,000 With the improved combing machinery now in use nearly all of the first mentioned 160,000,000 pounds could be passed through the combs; and so also could a small portion of the 40,305,000 pounds of California, and perhaps five-eighths of the 56,000,000 pounds of Oregon arid other States and Territories. A good deal of the 24,000,000 pounds of the wool from Colorado and New Mexico can be combed, but rery little use is made of it for that purpose. There is a small portion of the 26,000,- 000 pounds of Texas and the 16,000,000 pounds of Southern that could be combed, but hardly any of it is used. All the wool can be used for clothing purposes, barring a trifling quantity of hairy and kernpy, which comes chiefly from Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas. It may be said that the coarse wool from any section may be used for carpets. No one has ever embarked in the business of growing; carpet wool by itself, nor is there any likelihood of its ever being done. XLII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. The classification of wools made by the tariff of March 2, 1867, is of very little account in reference to domestic wool now, twenty years later. The combing wool of to-day is, in my opinion, mostly taken from wool of the Merino blood, " immediate or remote." In old times the combs required a 4-iuch staple of strong wool, while now 1^-inch staple is length enough, and the finest Merino can be spun into worsted yarn. A considerable portion of the wool product of the country which, ac- cording to the terms of the tariff now in force, is classed as clothing wool has, by comparatively recent improvements in machinery, been rendered susceptible to the combing process, and thus has been utilized in the manufacture of worsted goods, embracing certain higher grades of wearing apparel, women's and children's dress goods, as well as fab- rics for men's clothing. Such wools, though in the trade regarded as combing wools, under the terms of the revenue-law tariff would be classed as clothing wools. NUMBER OF SHEEP AND WEIGHT OF CLIP. There has been great difficulty in ascertaining the true amount of the wool product of the United States, especially prior to 1860, and even now some of these difficulties still exist, and all estimates are necessa- rily imperfect. There are several reasons for this state of uncertainty about the wool crop, the principal being (1) the imperfect census laws and the imperfect execution of those laws prior to 1860 j (2) the raising of sheep in many localities in the South for meat alone, and the failure to shear the flocks or account for the wool on the hides ; (3) the failure to report the wool sold to butchers on the sheep to be slaughtered ; (4) the existence of small herds of from 1 to 25 sheep, which in the aggre- gate number many hundreds of thousands, and yet the wool clip from each herd being so small that the owners use it for domestic purposes, or, if they sell, fail to report the amount of the clip. It is not surprising that with these difficulties in the way of ascer- taining the true amount of wool raised annually there should be dis- crepancies between the agricultural and census reports on the one hand, and the commercial estimates on the other. In the following pages the official figures as shown by agricultural and census reports are given except where otherwise mentioned. The commercial estimates are higher and in some cases obviously too high, but it is believed that the official figures here given are on an average 15 per cent, below the actual wool product. As to the estimate of the number of sheep the same difficulties do not exist, and the official figures are believed to be accurate ; the true average weight per fleece is therefore a little greater than the official estimates. The estimate of the number of sheep and the wool product for 1810 admitted to be of doubtful accuracy is about 10,000,000 sheep and 13,000,000 pounds of wool ; in 1812 the number of sheep had increased about 15 per cent., but the wool clip was about 21,000,000 pounds, or over 50 per cent, increase, and of much finer quality than in 1810 ; in 1836 there were about 17,000,000 sheep, and in 1840, 19,311,374, produc- ing 35,000,000 pounds of wool; in 1850 the number of sheep was WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XLIII 21,723,220, and the wool clip 52,516,959 pounds ; in 1860 the number of sheep was 22,471,275, and the wool clip 60,511,343 pounds. The increase in number of sheep from 1810 to 1860 was only a little over 100 per cent., and the increase in wool clip was about 350 per cent, during the same period of fifty years, while for the next twenty-five years, from 1860 to 1885, the increase was greater than for the former period of fifty years, viz, over 140 per cent, in number of sheep and over 375 per cent, in wool clip. In 1870 the number of sheep was 28,477,951 and the wool clip 100,102,387 pounds. The most rapid increase ever attained in this country began in 1869 and continued until 1884, both in number of sheep and weight of clip. Since 1884, there has been an annual de- crease in the number of sheep and an annual decrease in the wool clip. Mr. Lynch, who is high authority as a statistician, put the wool clip of 1866 at 120,000,000 pounds in the old States and 17,000,000 pounds in the Territories and Pacific States, and for 1877 he puts the clip in the old States at 117,000,000 pounds (a loss of 3,000,000 pounds in ten years) and at 91,250,000 pounds in the Territories and Pacific States (a gain of 74,250,000 pounds in ten years), making the total clip for 1877 208,250,000 pounds, a net gain in the ten years in the United States of 71,250,000 pounds. In 1880 the total wool product was 240,000,000 pounds and the num- ber of sheep 40,765,900 ; in 1884 the number of sheep was 50,626,626 ; in 1885, 50,360,243 ; in 1886, 48,322,331 ; and in 1887, 44,759,314 ; show- ing losses in number of sheep since 1884. The weight of the wool clip has also, during the same period, decreased. In 1884 it was 308,000,000 pounds 5 in 1885 it was 302,000,000 pounds 5 in 1886 it was 285,000,000 pounds ; and in 1887 it was 265,000,000 pounds, as estimated by J. E. Dodge, statistician. Prior to the year 1885 some of the old States had for several years lost in the number of sheep and gained in the quantity of wool, but since 1885 the loss in numbers and weight has been general through- out the country, New Mexico and California decreasing in numbers and decreasing in weight, like the old States. The heavy decrease in Texas was phenomenal and due to local sheep diseases. The present average weight of the fleece is only about 6 pounds, while the fleece of the best sheep is much greater ; it can therefore be safely predicted that owing to the still imperfect quality of our average sheep, and the present overproduction of sheep caused by the high wool tariff, there may be little or no gain in numbers, if not an actual loss, in the near future; still the loss in numbers will be accompanied by a com- parative gain in weight of the clip. The experience of the past, the increasing value of lands, the division of large farms and ranches, ac- companied by greater personal care of farm stock, all point conclusively to a rapid improvement in the weight of fleeces, especially until the period arrives when mutton or long combing wools on account of their scarcity no longer sell higher than merinos. XLIV WOOL AND MANUFACTURES ~ OF WOOL. In 1840 the average weight of the fleece was barely 1.85 pounds ; in 1850 it was 2.42 pounds; in 1860, 2.68 pounds ; in 1870, 3.52 pounds; in 1880, 4.79 pounds ; and in 1887, about G pounds. Since 1800 the population has not kept pace with the wool crop. In 1860 the country produced little over 2 pounds to each inhabitant; in 1880, over 4 pounds ; and in 1885, over 5 pounds to each inhabitant. INFORMATION IN REGARD TO THE QUALITIES OF WOOL. From the report of the committee of the National Academy of Sci- ences, made in 1886 to the Secretary of the Treasury, it appears that "the ditferent purposes to which wool is applied has produced the breeding of different stocks of sheep in the United States, so that we now produce wool from 1 inch to over 1 foot in length of fiber, and varying in fineness from y^o of an inch to 4 J-y of an inch in diameter.' From the same authority it appears that " our wools differ in strength of fiber, elasticity under pulling strain, elasticity under bending strain, flexibility, softness, character, and amount of secretions, color, luster, and in many other ways; that the character of the wool varies as to its location on the hide, especially in the unimproved stock ; that it also varies under different conditions of food, climate, soil, and water; that a flock which produces a certain quality of wool will not always produce the same quality in another pasture ; that the same pasture varies greatly at different seasons of the year, and affects the quality of the wool by making fibers of unequal fineness in different portions of their length and decreasing their strength at certain points of their growth." Dr. McMurtrie, formerly connected with the Agricultural Depart- ment, and now professor of chemistry at the University of Illinois (high scientific authority), furnishes the following information : The merino sheep varies as to fineness of wool from 5 to 15 per cent., according to the condition of the animal as to health, nutrition, and care. The following is the result of tests made of merino wool selected from several States from the purest me- rinos, descended from the same parent stock in Vermont, first as to fineness of fiber which is measured in centimilliinetres : Pennsylvania, 1.711 ; Texas, 1.837; California, 1.883; Illinois, 1.902; Vermont, 1.979; New York, 2.034 ; Wisconsin, 2.049 which shows that of the seven States named, Pennsylvania produced the finest and Wiscon- sin the coarsest fiber from pure merinos descended from the same stock. As to elasticity, estimated in percentages, the following is the result from pure me- rinos from the same parent stock in Vermont: Illinois, 91.751; Texas, 90.292; Min- nesota, 77.010 ; Vermont, 70.587 ; Pennsylvania, 63.795 ; California, 61.972; New York, 55.875; Wisconsin, 48.446 which shows that Illinois produced the most and Wiscon- sin the least elastic wool from the same stock of sheep. Wool improves in elasticity to a maximum with the age of the sheep, to a certain age, and then deteriorates; the maximum point differing widely in the different breeds of sheep. The Cots wold and Lincoln or Leicester reaches its maximum at one year; the Downs at three years, and the Merino at four years. In strength of fiber the Southdown stands first ; the Merino second ; the Lincolns third, and the Cots- wold is the weakest. The fiber of wool is 1 j stronger than bone ; nearly twice as strong as soft brass, iron, or steel wire rope ; twice as strong as the hardest wood, and four times as strong as white pine. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XLV The Merino wools are used for fine cassimeres and broadcloths and for felting purposes ; the Lincoln and Cots wold sheep furnish the long combing wools used in manufacturing worsted and soft knit goods; the Merino and Down wools are called carding wools, while the Lincoln and Cotswold are denominated combing wools. WOOL PRODUCT OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES. While the United States, especially the western part of the country, has been steadily increasing its wool product, until 1884, the rest of the world has kept pace with us. In the thickly-settled portions of Europe, where lands are valuable, there has been little or no increase in the wool product, but in the English dependencies and colonies the growth has been as rapid as in this country, and of late years the River Platte country of South Amer- ica has also taken its place in the front rank of the wool growers of the world. INDIA. Prior to 1820 India exported no wool and raised very little. In 1840 her export was only about 2,500,000 pounds; in 1850 about 3,500,000 pounds; and in 1859 over 14,000,000 pounds ; since which time her ex- port of wool has greatly increased. India's wool clip of 1870 was esti- mated at about 30,000,000 pounds, and in 1880 at over 50,000,000 pounds. AFRICAN COLONIES. The English colonies in South Africa prior to 1820 produced no wool; in 1845 these colonies furnished England with 3,500,000 pounds of wool ; in 1850, nearly 6,000,000 pounds ; in 1855, over 11,000,000 pounds ; and in 1859, over 14,000,000 pounds. In 1870 they produced 41,000,000 pounds ; and in 1880, 46,000,000 pounds. AUSTRALIA. Oapt. John McArthur, of the British Army, who settled in A ustralia, imported in 1797, 3 Merino rams, which were the first ever seen in that country. He crossed these on the native sheep. His experiment proved a success and he afterwards became a large sheep and wool raiser, but his example was not followed for many years, and in 1830 the wool crop was only about 1,000,000 pounds ; in 1885 it was 3,776,191 pounds ; in 1840, 6,215,329 pounds in Xew South Wales alone, and over 9,000,000 pounds in Australia ; in 1845 it was 24,000,000 pounds; in 1850, 39,000,000 pounds; in 1855, 49,000,000 pounds; in I860, 55,000,000 pounds ; in 1870, 193,000,000 pounds ; and in 1880, 392,000,000 pounds. In 1880 this immense wool clip was from 51,000,000 sheep, making the average of nearly 8 pounds per fleece. Since 1880 several years of severe drought in Australia destroyed 10,000,000 or 12,000,000 sheep, but at present her flocks and her wool cli{v are greater than in 1880. In 1885-86 the exports from Australasia were 455,476,000 pounds. XLVI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. THE ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. Since 1860 wool growing has also increased very rapidly in the Argen- tine Eepublic or Eiver Platte country, in South America, so that in 1880 the wool product amounted to 240,000,000 pounds. Since 1880 this industry has continued to grow and it is now esti- mated that the number of sheep is 80,000,000, nearly, if not quite, equal to that of Australia and New Zealand. RUSSIA. Next after Australia, the Argentine Eepublic, and the United States comes Eussia, as a wool-growing country. There is, however, little difference in the weight of the wool clip of Eussia and this country. The number of sheep in Eussia in 1882 was about 57,000,000 and the wool clip about 203,000,000 pounds. ENGLAND, PRANCE, AND GERMANY. These countries, in the order named, come next as wool growers, but none of them produce enough wool for home consumption, and they all are heavy importer of raw wool. The countries that yield the largest surplus of wool for export are Eussia, the Argentine Eepublic, South Africa, and Australasia. Their capacity for supplying the manufactures of the world seems to be am- ple. They have all improved their sheep by crossing with the merinos, and their wools, especially those of Australia and the Platte country, are among the finest in the world. These two last-named countries are much alike in their peculiar fit- ness for sheep raising, and are as yet not taxed to anything like their capacity. Australia alone is as large in area as the United States. In Australia the plains devoted to sheep-raising are in the hands of comparatively a few, who have perpetual leases of immense tracts of Government lands at low rates. Some of these tracts contain as much as 100,000 acres, so that the country bids fair to continue to be a sheep- raising section. It is idle to talk about raising sheep in Europe or this country to compete with South Africa, the Platte country, or Australasia. Our sheep farming must eventually be confined to small flocks of im- proved breeds, raised on farms where they require little or no extra labor. It has already come to this in Europe, and in the Eastern and Middle States, where lands are valuable, and will finally prevail in the West, as the large ranches are divided up and settled. The conditions are entirely different in South Africa, Australia, and South America, where laborers are, at best, semi- barbarians or peons, and the immense plains of cheap lands and torrid climate seem better adapted to sheep raising than other industries, WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XLVII The wools from South Africa are used chiefly in Scotland and the West of England for men's goods. The Australasian clip varies from the long, bright, ifew Zealand cross-bred wools to the coarse carpet wools. The Kiver Platte wools also vary greatly, but are chiefly noted for their fine, short fiber, which fits them for fine broad cloths and cassi- meres. The weight of the fleeces is therefore much less than in Aus- tralasia. DEVELOPEMENT OF WOOLEN MANUFACTURES IN THE UNITED STATES. The manufacture of wool in the Colonies properly began with the erec- tion of fulling-mills in Massachusetts in 1648 or, as claimed by some, in 1643 by a society of Yorkshire people, supposed to be Non-conformists, who brought with them from England their looms and implements of trade. The woolen webs of the hand-looms of the private families were car- ried to these fulling-mills to undergo a process which gave them greater body and thickness, adapted them to a better finish, and increased their durability ; they increased very rapidly in number throughout the Colo- nies until every neighborhood seems to have had a fulling-mill, while every family had its loom and every woman was a weaver ; there were also many weavers who wove on their hand-looms for the public, and some who traveled about from house to house plying their trade, but there is no record of any woolen factory or company organized for woolen manufacture prior to the year 1788. The progress we made in thirty-five years of competition with En- glish manufacturers is very well shown by the business experience of the late Mr. Thomas R. Hazard, one of the earliest woolen manufact- urers in this country. Mr. Hazard said : In 18 1C and later I used to employ scores of women to spin at their homes at ' cents a skein, by which they earned 12 cents a day at most. Inferior cotton shirt ingssoZd then at 50 cents a yard, thus requiring four days' work of the woman to pay for 1 yard of cotton cloth, she hoarding herself. The wool was carded into rolls at Peacedale and transported to and from on the backs of horses. Some time ago ] stood in a manufactory in the same village, and took note of a stripling who tended two highly improved jennies, from which he was turning off daily as much yarn as six or seven hundred formerly spun on wheels in the same time. In the mean time thq introduction of labor-saving machinery and perfected skill had so reduced the cost} of goods that a superior article of cotton cloth was then sold in the village stores for 15 cents a yard, for what formerly cost 50 cents a yard. So that had this boy spin-; ner been paid the same price per skein that was formerly paid to a woman for an! equal amount of work, he would have received as much as could formerly have been earned by about two thousand hand-spinners in the same time. J The following is an extract from Wade's Fibre and Fabric in regard to the early condition and progress of our woolen manufacture: Up to 1840 about the only woolen fabrics made in the United States were satinets, broadcloths, flannels, and blankets. Eighteen hundred and fifty saw the success of th Crompton loom at Lowell and Lawrence, on which were made a full line of Scotch XLVIII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. plaids in all their beautiful colorings, as well as star twills, half-diamond^ basket weaving effects, all made from scoured yarns. The " Bay State shawl" was then be- ing made in great abundance, and was universally worn. White flannels were then, as now, a staple product. There were also many mills making tweeds, used as water-proof cloaks for ladies. They were made on three harness, with cotton warp and wool filling, now substituted by the universally worn rubber water-proof. Up to that time fancy cassiiaeres had been largely made through the Blackstone Valley on the Crompton and Tappet looms, as made by William 'Croinpton. These goods were woven in the grease, the .same as at the present time. As early as 1846 the Jacquard was used at Woonsocket and Blackstone. From 1850 to 1860 fancy cassimeres made a rapid advance, and the styles ran to extremes far more than they ever have since. The Jacquard was again brought into use at Woorisocket, Blackstone, Millville, and at Rockville, the writer putting up some thirty machines at Warehouse Point, Conn. In 1854 very ultra styles were made, and sold weil at large profit. When the war broke out almost every mill in the country was put on army goods and army flannels and blankets. The war "brought its long stagnation ; after which, with the revival of trade, came the demand for better-made goods. Ladies' worsted dress goods were also introduced, and following them the worsted industry for men's wear, which has grown to its present large proportions. With the downfall of worsted dress goods Bradford received a hard blow, and one of our largest corporations with difficulty weathered the storm. This fabric was followed by the " soft woolen " dress goods in- troduced by the French, and which have had such a long run and still remain popti. lar. Wade's Fibre and Fabric, since the publication of its first number, has persist- ently advised the diversifying of cotton fabrics, and with the best results, as the close observer has noticed. The demand for better-made fabrics of all kinds has called for better made machinery, and the progress made in the past thirty-seven years has been wonderful, and the contest is still going on. Fulling-mills of the present day are connected with and are a part of the woolen manufactories, except in remote and isolated localities in the West and South, where there are few factories, and the inhabitants still use their hand-looms in their families and wear their homespun cloths. They are, however, rapidly diminishing in number as separate estab- lishments from woolen factories. In 1840 there were 2.585 fulling-mills in the United States, while in 1880 the number had become reduced to 991, and these combined wool carding with the fulling process. In 1788 Jeremiah Wads worth and others erected and put in operation at Hartford, Conn., the first woolen factory using more than one loom. This factory had the capacity of weaving 5,000 yards of cassimeres or broadcloth per annum, worth about $5 per yard. This was considered a stupendous undertaking at that time, and was deemed of such im- portance to the infant Kepublic that General Washington paid a special visit to it, and in 1791 Alexander Hamilton, Secretary of the Treasury, in his address to Congress, complimented the owners of the factory, and urged the importance of improving the breeds of sheep. When Gen- eral Washington made his address to Congress he wore a suit of broad- cloth manufactured and presented to him by the owners of the Hartford Woolen Factory. About 1789 another woolen mill, with about the same capacity; com- menced operations at Stockbridge, and in 1790 another at Watertown, s o that in 1790 there were 3 woolen mills in operation, with a capacity of about 15,000 yards per annum, worth about $75,000, WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XLIX In the year 1794 the first incorporated woolen company in the United States built a factory and commenced manufacturing at B y field, -Mass, with Art h n r jjjUOi gf\ ft|d and other English operatives in charge. This, factory in the year 1804 made a little fine broadcloth from merino wool, the first made in the United States. In 1809 another woolen company was formed at Pittsfield, Mass., and began manufacturing fine cloths. It is believed that the above-named 5 mills were the only mills in the United States making fine cloth in 1810. There were, however, 9 other factories at work in 1810 making cloth of coarser grade and averaging- over 10,000 yards each annually, besides 10 more smaller factories. The estimated factory product of cloth for that year (1810) was nearly 200,000 yards, worth in the market from $1 to $10 per yard. The esti- mate of woolen cloth manufactured in private families the same year was about 9,500,000 yards ; so that the mills of that day only made about one-fiftieth of the whole woolen product of the country. The total value of the manufactured product of 1810 was $25,608,788. The principal mills were located at Bytield, Mass. ; New Ipswich, IS". H. ; Warwick and Portsmouth, E. 1. $ Derby and Hartford, Conn. ; Watertowu and Poughkeepsie, N.Y. ; Philadelphia, Pa. j Wilmington, Del. 5 and Baltimore, Elkton, and Frederick, Md. In 1812 steam was first introduced in woolen mills in the United States at Providence and at Middletown, but no power-looms for broad- cloth were used until 1825, when they were first used by the Pontoosac Manufacturing Company for making broadcloth, and also superior all- wool, cotton-warp, drab, and fancy cloths. The first large woolen factory built in the United States was erected by Mr. L. Pomeroy, who, however, used hand-looms entirely. The war of 1812 gave a great impetus to woolen manufactures, es- pecially those of military and naval cloths, blankets, and negro cloths, and factories sprung up everywhere, but nearly all of these enterprises met with disaster when peace was established in 1815, and the superior English goods were imported, as at that day in this country there was not the skill or machinery required. In one year the foreign import of woolens amounted to $155,000,000 in value, and nearly all of our woolen mills failed, as all enterprises of sudden growth without a solid founda. tion are liable to do. The extent of the disaster to our manufacturing interests is best ex- hibited by reference to the statistics of wool manufacture during the thirty years subsequent to 1810. Value of manufactured wool product : 1810 $25,608,768 1820 4,413,060 1830 14,528,166 1840 20,696,699 Urgent appeals to Congress by the woolen manufacturers in the mean while resulted in several changes in the tariff. 5402 w 4 L WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. In 1816 Congress laid a duty of 25 per cent, ad valorem for the next three- years, and provided that after that time it should be reduced to 20 per cent. In 1824 the tariff was again increased to 25 per cent, ad valorem on goods costing as much as 33 J cents or less per square yard, and 33 J per cent, ad valorem on all goods costing over 33J cents per square yard. Congress at the same time laid a duty of 30 per cent, ad valorem on raw wool costing over 10 cents per pound and 15 per cent, ad valorem on wool costing under 10 cents per pound. The tariff law of 1824 did not, however, go into force fully until June, 1826. England, in order to offset this statute, reduced her import duty on foreign wool in 1825, so as to enable her manufacturers to furnish woolen goods to America notwithstanding the tariff laws of 1824, and she com- peted successfully with our factories. In 1828 Congress increased the duties on woolen goods costing 4$ or less per square yard to 45 per cent, ad valorem, and on all costing over $4 per square yard to 50 per cent, ad valorem, and at the same time laid a higher duty on raw wool equal to 100 per cent, ad valorem on wool costing 8 cents per pound. In 1846 raw wool was admitted free of duty if it cost 20 cents per pound or less, and the tariff was reduced to 30 per cent, ad valorem on raw wool costing over 20 cents per pound. In the same year the tariff on woolen manufactures was reduced to 30 per cent, ad valorem. In 1850 the value of the manufactured wool product was $43,542,288, or an increase of between $17,000,000 and $18,000,000 over the product of 1810, in a period of forty years. The number of woolen mills of all kinds (exclusive of fulling-mills) in 1840 was 1,420. Four-fifths of these were located in Massachusetts, New York, Connecticut, Vermont, and Pennsylvania. In 1850 the number had increased to 1,559, and some ot them were located in each of thirty-two States of the Union. The capi- tal invested was $28,118,650, the number of hands employed was 39,252, the value of the product, $43,207,545, making the average annual value product for each mill less than $27,000. After the year 1850 the worsted goods manufactures assumed such proportions that the statistics were made separate from the woolen man- ufactures. Carpet and hosiery required separate statistics also, and since 1870 felt goods, woolen hats, and shoddy are also put in separate tables. The first decided advance towards perfection in woolen manufactures seems to have been in flannel goods. In 1821 flannels made in New York were equal to the best Welsh flannels: In 1823, 30,000 pieces of flannel were made near Boston ; in 1827, three mills near Kewburyport made flannel valued at $684,000. In 1829, Henry Stevens started a flannel mill with the capacity of 3,000 yards per week. In 1849, two flan- nel mills were in operation at Dover, N. H. In 1860, the Bay State WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL LI and Ballard Vale mills and the mill of Gilbert and Stevens, at Ware, Mass., made flannels in every way equal to any imported, and the shawls, balmorals, fancy flannels, shirtings, and opera cloakings manu- factured at Waterloo, K Y., and Laconia, N. H., could not be excelled. Since 1860 our flannels have continued to maintain their high repu- tation. The first large mill for blankets was established in 1831 in Pendleton District, S. C. ; the blankets made there were of cotton warp and de- signed for negro use. During the same year a large factory was built near Buffalo, N. Y., for the manufacture of Mackinaw or Indian blankets. From 1831 to 1860 blankets began to be made in nineteen different States, and in the year 1860, 616,400 were manufactured, principally in Maine, Massachu- setts, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, and California. Since that time blanket manufactures have steadily increased, and are equal to any im- ported blankets in beauty of texture and finish. In the year 1860 there were in the United States 1,263 woolen estab- lishments, with a capital of $30,922,654, consuming 83,608,468 pounds of wool, paying $10,153,938 wages to 43,738 employes, and yielding a product valued at $65,596,364 ; the average annual wages had increased from $205 in 1850 to $237 in 1860 ; the average value of the product per hand had increased from $1,248 in 1850 to $1,496 in 1860. New England produced in 1860 about 65 per cent, of the manufactured prod- uct of the United States. In 1870 the number of woolen mills had increased to 2,993 as against 1,263 in 1860 ; the amount of capital, $108,910,369; the number of pounds of wool consumed, 172,078,919; the number of hands employed, 92,973; the amount of wages paid, $31,246,432, and the value of manufactured product, $177,495,689. In the year 1880 the number of woolen factories had increased to 2,689, but of these only 1,992 are properly woolen mills (the remainder, viz, 991, are simply fulling and carding mills); the number of hands employed in 1880 was 161,557 ; the amount of capital invested was $159,091,869 ; amount of wages paid, $47,389,087 ; the value of the an- nual product, $267,252,913. In 1870 the following were the seven leading industries, yielding annual products of value in the order named : (1) flour and grist mills ; (2) slaughter ancTrneat packing; (3) iron and steel manufacture ; (^) saw-mills ; (5) foundries and machine-shops ; (6) cotton goods manu- factures ; (7) woolen manufactures. t In 1880 woolen manufactures had outstripped numbers 4, 5, and 6, above named, and stood fourth of the seven named industries. Mr. J. E. Dodge furnishes the following statistics, not yet published for circulation : The annual requirement of wool for manufacture in 1840 was 3.4 pounds per capita for our population, and the annual requirement for 1860 was still only 3.4 pounds per LII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. capita, showing no increase of manufacture per capita for twenty years, While from 1860 to 1880 the annual requirement has increased to 6 pounds per capita. The proportion of this manufactured wool grown in this country has also increased greatly. The home-grown wool of 1840 amounted to 2.5 pounds per capita j in 1850, to 2.7 pounds; in 1860, to 2.3 pounds; in 1870, to 4.2 pounds; in 1880 to 4.2 pounds, and in 1885 to over 5 pounds. The importation of woolens has relatively decreased, notwithstanding the enor- mous increase of wealth and the greatly enlarged rate of consumption. The average value per capita of woolens imported between 1850 and 1860 was $1.09. In the fol- lowing decade, which included the war period with its immense waste of clothing and high cost of goods, the average importation for each individual was reduced to 91 cents, and between Ib70 and 1880 it fell to 86 cents. INCREASED PRODUCTIVE POWER OF WOOLEN MACHINERY. Of late years the productive power of woolen machinery has greatly increased, so that the number of mills or number of sets of cards is no index of the condition of manufacture. For example, in 1870, 8,352 sets of cards used only 208,916 pounds of all materials, or 25,014 pounds per set; while in 1880, 5,961 sets used 276,949 pounds of all materials, or 46,460 pounds per set, thus nearly doubling in productive power. Again, in New England there was from 1870 to 1880 a reduction in the sets of cards from 3,358 to 2,922 (nearly 13 per cent, decrease) ; and during the same period the pounds of material used in creased, from 116,511,379 to 156,091,549 (an increase of about 33 per cent.). In 1880 the great bulk of woolen manufacture was carried on in nine States, and in the order named: (1) Massachusetts; (2) Pennsylvania; (3) Connecticut; (4) Rhode Island; (5) New York; (6) New Hampshire; (7) Maine; (8) New Jersey; (9) Vermont. The following were the seven leading cities in woolen manufacture in the order named, viz: (1) Philadelphia; (2) Lawrence; (3) Provi- ence; (4) Lowell; (5) New York; (6) Manchester; (7) Boston. In the same year (1880) 61 per cent, of the hands employed in woolen mills were natives and. 39 per cent, were foreigners. The statistics heretofore given include all branches of the woolen industries, but each demands a separate history. WORSTED MANUFACTURES. Under worsted manufactures are included all wool and cotton warp, delaines, challies, bareges, imitation bareges, all-wool and part-wool reps and worsted yarns for carpets and hosiery. In the year 1860 these goods were made in several States, but nearly all in value were made by three mills, viz: Manchester Print Works, Manchester, N. H.; Pacific Mills, Lawrence, Mass.; and Hamilton Woolen Company's Works, Southbridge, Mass. These three mills made in i860 about 22,750,000 yards, valued at $3,701,378. These mills employed 2,37* hands, and paid in wages $543,684; their capital was $3,230,000. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LIII Prior to 1868 worsted manufacture was confined to the goods before named, but in 1868 diagonal and otber worsteds for men's wear began to be made, and grew so rapidly in popularity that they created a rev- olution in worsted manufactures. In 1867 there were only a few combs running, but in 1880 there were 360 combs, and in 1886 there were 563 in active operation. In 1870 the capital invested in worsted mills had increased to $10,085,000; the number of mills had increased to 102, employing 12,920 hands, paying $4,368,857 in wages, and producing annually in value $22,090,331. In 1880 capital in worsted mills had increased to $20,374,043; there were 18,803 hands employed, receiving $5,683,027 in wages, and pro- ducing in value $33,549,942. Since 1880 the worsted goods industry has continued to increase, and in 1885 Mr. Truitt, of the house of Dolan & Co., estimated that the combing- wool clip of the United States fell 80,000,000 pounds short of the amount necessary to run the machinery to its full capacity. CARPET MANUFACTURES. The first carpet seen in the United States, of which we have any knowledge, was a small Turkish rug, said to have been in the house of Kidd, the pirate, who was executed in 1701. As early as 1760 a few Scotch and other carpets were advertised by persons in New York, but prior to the Revolution they were very rare, and then only in the houses of wealthy Dutch merchants. In 1791 William Peter Sprague started a carpet factory at Philadel- phia, and wove a national pattern with a device representing the arms and achievements of the United States, and in the same year Secret.iry Hamilton recommended that Congress encourage the industry by in- creasing the duty on wool carpets. Several years later John Dorsey started another factory at Philadel- phia; but in 1810 there were only manufactured 9,984 yards of carpetings in the whole country, worth about $1 per yard. This industry increased very little, however, until 1827, when H. B. Knight & Co. established a factory in Hartford County, Connecticut. The^uext year the Thornp- sonville Company started another in the same county. The Lowell Manufacturing Company also started in 1828. Samuel Given put another in operation at Carlisle, Pa., in 1830, and in the year 1833 3 carpet factories were built in Columbia County, New York, and 1 at Rochester, N. Y. During the same year carpet factories were started in New Haven and New London Counties, Connecticut, Som- ersworth, N. H., Baltimore, Md., and Steubenville, Ohio. In 1834 there were 18 or 20 carpet factories, running 511 looms, of which 18 looms were for Brussels, 21 for treble ingrained, 44 Venetian. 4 Damask Venetian, and 424 for ingrained carpets other than three-ply. They made 1,147,500 yards, worth about $1 per yard. LIV WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. In 1838 quite a revolution occurred in carpet manufacture in conse- quence of the invention by Mr. Erastus B. Bigelow, of Massachusetts, of a carpet power loom for manufacturing Brussels carpets (manufact- ured by hand looms prior to that time). This invention was, however, not perfected for Brussel carpets until 1848. Since that time one female can easily weave from 20 to 25 yards per day, while the product of the hand looms did not exceed 4 yards per day. The cost of weaving Brus- sels carpets had hitherto been 30 cents per yard. This invention re- duced the cost to about 4 cents per yard, and reduced the price of c*- petings 20 per cent. This invention surprised the manufacturing world, which up to that time considered the manufacture of Brussels carpets an impossibility except by use of the hand loom. In 1857 American carpets, except the finest grades, had surpassed the rest of the world, and there we're 5,000 power looms at work, and they could not supply the demand. In 1860, 213 carpet factories used 8,843,691 pounds of wool; made 13,285,921 yards, worth about 60 cents per yard, or in all $7,857,636; employed 6,681 hands and paid $1,545,692 in wages ; these 213 factories had a capital of $4,721,768. In 1870 there were 215 factories (only two more than in 1860), em- ploying 12,098 hands, paying $4,681,718 in wages, using 3,000,000 pounds of wool, making 22,000,000 yards, worth $21,761,573 ; the capital had increased to $12,540,750. In 1880 the number of factories had decreased to 195, but the capital had increased to $21,468,587 ; amount of wages to $6,835,218 ; value of product to $31,792,802, and the number of employe's to 20,371. HOSIERY. Woolen hosiery includes socks, stockings, gloves, drawers, under- shirts, jackets, opera hoods, shawls, scarfs, comforters, and other knit goods, both all wool and mixed. The hosiery mills use cotton, -silk, flax, and wool; wool, however, is the greatest in value. In 1850 there were $5 hosiery mills, with a capital of $544,735, yield- ing an annual product worth $1,028,102; more than one-half in value of these products were made in Pennsylvania. In 1860 there were 197 factories, with a capital of $4,035,510, yielding an annual product of $7,280,606, exceeding the product of 1850 by 608 per cent. In 1831 the only considerable hosiery establishment was that of the Newburyport Hose Manufacturing Company, of Massachusetts ; they used hand looms, however; 2 pairs of drawers per day is the capacity of a hand loom, while the power looms can make 20 pairs, and have decreased the cost of manufacturing to nearly one-tenth of the former cost. Between 1835 and 1840 this industry received considerable i WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LV petus from the invention and use of tlie circular knitting machines, which make stocking legs without a seam, and recently many other new inventions have greatly stimulated this business. In 1870 there were 248 hosiery mills, with a capital of $10,931,260, making a product worth $18,411,464, using 5,600,000 pounds of wool, and employing 14,788 hands. In 1880 the hosiery product had increased to $29,167,227, the capital invested to $15,579,591, the number of hands to 28,885, and wages paid to $6,701,475. WOOL HATS AND FELT GOODS. In 1880, for the first time, the wool hat industry was separately noted. There was then invested in the business $3,615,830 ; 5,470 hands were employed, receiving in wages $1,893,215, and yielding a product of $8,516,569. In the same year the capital invested in the manufacture of felt goods amounted to $1,958,254; 1,524 hands were employed, receiving in wages $439,760, and yielding a product of $3,619,652. SHODDY. Shoddy was originally used only for padding, but during the late war was much used for overcoats, army cloths, piano and table covers, &c. White shoddy is used in white blankets, and dark shoddy in carpets and coarse cloths and dyed to cover the original colors. In 1842 a shoddy mill was projected at Woodstock, Yt., by Mr. Stearns, and in 1860 there were 5 small mills in New York employing 58 hands and producing manufactures valued at about $40,000; in 1870 the shoddy mills used about 19,372,002 pounds of raw shoddy, and in 1880 they used 52,136,926 pounds of raw shoddy on a scoured basis, which is equivalent to about 70,000,000 pounds on an unwashed basis. MANUFACTURES OF ALPACA, ANGORA, AND CASHMERE WOOL. Between 1855 and 1860 the Cashmere and Angora goats were intro- duced in this country, and mills were soon thereafter commenced at Lowell to manufacture their wool and the wool of the alpaca sheep ; this industry is, however, still in its infancy. In 1880 there were 3,351,701 yards of alpaca woolen goods, and 1,000,- 000 yards of alpaca worsted goods manufactured, and in the same year 2,919,050 yards of cashmere and 1,557,537 yards of cashmerettes. LVI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOOL MANUFACTURES IN THE UNITED STATES. [By Mr. Geo. Wm. Bond, of Boston, Mass.] The early history of the woolen manufacture of the United States was given in the introduction to the census in 1860, volume " Manufact- ures." Therefore it is unnecessary to state more than some leading points bearing upon its influence upon the wool and woolen trade. EARLY WOOL MACHINERY. Great Britain was but a short time in advance of the United States in making wool by machinery. The first establishments were started there about 1785 j the first carding machine here, at' By field, Mass., in 1794, made by Arthur Scholfield. Shortly before 1785 there may have been some machines for carding wool used in England, as there bad been for nearly forty years before the machine invented by Lewis Paul in 1848 for carding cotton. This machine was reported to have been purchased by a hat manufacturer and applied to the carding of wool for hats. The first that we find any record of, for the wool manufact- ure, was introduced by Benjamin Gott about 1785, together with the mule jenny and power loom, which were invented about that time. ENGLISH PENAL LAWS AGAINST EXPORTING WOOL MACHINERY. So in reality we were not much behind Great Britain in the use of such machinery, but we were materially behind her in the means of obtaining it. We had no knowledge of the machinery and no skilled artisans to make it. Great Britain, where alone such machinery was well known, had very stringent penal laws against exporting such ma- chinery for textile manufacture, or even models or drawings of such machinery. Our people depended upon the descriptions which men who came over here from England, like the Scholfields, who represented themselves as woolen manufacturers, might give from recollection of what they had seen or perhaps worked on, and at the time these first came over there was hardly such a thing as a woolen factory in England. PROCESSES OF MANUFACTURE. The business was divided up. There were the staplers, who took the wool, sorted it according to its adaptation to various kinds of goods, perhaps scoured it, sold it to the spinners, who carded it and made it into yarn ; the weavers, who bought the yarn and wove it into flannels; the finisher, who took these flannels and made them up into the styles of goods for which they were adapted. All these processes were for- merly by hand, but this division of labor extended for a long time after the introduction of machinery, and, indeed, to a certain extent now ex- ists. Here this system was not practicable. Our manufacturers were obliged to buy the fleeces entire, sort them, and genet-ally make on the WOOL AND MANUFACTUKES OF WOOL. LVII same set of machinery all the varieties of goods needed. This involved constant changes and consequently great delay in their work, thus ma- terially increasing the cost of manufacture. Their means were gen- erally limited. It was difficult in starting to estimate what would be the cost of their plant, and generally when it was completed, their funds were exhausted and they had to put their goods into the hands of com- mission merchants in order to realize upon them at once, or to do simply a custom business for the farmers in their neighborhood, retaining a part of the wool as compensation therefor. They soon resorted to form- ing joint stock companies, and the stock for these, in many cases, was largely taken by commission merchants who looked quite as much to the profit from the sales as to that from the manufacture. Very few of these survived for any length of time. The capital of the country was then small, and business was trans- acted with long credits. EARLY IMPORTS OF WOOLEN GOODS. Our imports of woolen goods continued heavy. The United States was the most important customer for British woolens. In 1812 the exports of woolens from Great Britain were according to Bischoff on Wool, Woolens, and Sheep, vol. 2, page 34 : To Cloths of various kinds. Stuffs. Pieces. 6~> 974 Pieces. 336 166 United States 145 600 302 944 303 378 253 249 There was at that time in this country a duty of 20 per cent, on wool- ens, and wool was admitted free, while at the same time wool of foreign growth was in Great Britain subjected to a duty of Qd. per pound. The manufacture of woolens had materially extended in this country, and the manufacturers were becoming disheartened by the difficulties they had to encounter at home and the heavy competition from abroad. WOOL TARIFF OF 1824. A protective tariff was deemed necessary, and in 1824 such was passed with a duty of 25 to 33J per cent, on woolens, but also a duty of 20 per cent, on raw wool costing over 10 cents per pound and 15 per cent, on that costing under 10 cents. At that time our domestic prod- uct was insufficient for our manufacture, and little of it fitted for the manufacture of the finer classes of goods. We were obliged to import for such uses from Portugal, Spain, Germany, &c., the fine wools of those countries, and the wools for coarser fabrics from Turkey and elsewhere. These importations, which had materially declined after the heavy importations of woolen goods, materially increased from 1826 to 1828. Anticipating that in spite of the duty upon the raw material this protection would make the woolen manufacture remunerative, the erec- LVIII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. tion of woolen mills steadily increased, but the protection thus gained was checkmated by Great. Britain, expressly to retain the business of this country, which, as we have before shown, was her most important customer. Professedly for this purpose she soon after reduced the duty on raw wool from 6 pence to 1 penny, and later to half penny per pound, while in this country foreign wool was subject to a duty of 20 per cent. The increased demand for wool, consequent upon the increased num- ber of mills, became so great that the manufacturers had to go into the country at clip time to secure their supply for the year. This could be bought only for cash. To enable them to do this many were obliged to mortgage their mills and machinery to their selling agents to obtain acceptances on which they could borrow the money. The clip of the country was still insufficient. The importation of wool and woolens continued under a tariff which was only nominally protective. Sooner or later nearly all of them failed and their agents were obliged to take possession under their mortgages many of whom soon went through the same experience. WOOL TARIFFS OF 1828 AND 1829. In 1828 and 1829 the tariff was revised, but as the raw material was subjected to a duty as high or higher than the manufactured goods, this, like its predecessors, resulted only in a temporary relief, as the mar- gin between the duties on the raw material and other articles which en- tered into the cost of manufacture and of the plant, nearly, if not quite, neutralized the protection. Besides carpets we imported various goods which required coarser wools than those raised in this country, such as low blankets, goods for negro wear, heavy kerseys for overcoating, &c. To enable the manufacture of such in this country, these wools by the tariff of 1832 were made free, and continued virtually so until, in 1864, a duty was im- posed upon them for revenue to meet the expenses of the war. This duty was continued in the tariff of 1867, with an objectionable feature which has led, in my opinion, to nearly all the attempts, or apparent attempts, to defraud the revenue, namely, making the duty double on all wools costing over 12 cents per pound. The product of such wools the world over has not increased ; and the rapid increase of our carpet manufacture has created such a competition for this country that the value of many such wools under 12 cents per pound has been kept up to that price or near to it in the markets of production, while for no country in Europe would they be worth $hat, as Europeans could sup- ply themselves in consequence of that limit with wools which could be bought much cheaper at a little above 12 cents. WOOL TARIFF OF 1832. The tariff of 1832, known as " the compromise tariff," was abundantly protective for the first five years, which were marked by general pros- WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LIX perity. Then came the great financial crash of 1S37, in which the wool and woolen interests had their full share of suffering. They rallied, however, in 1839, only temporarily, for they soon declined, as the re- duction of the duty was actually greater upon the manufactured wool than upon the raw, this declension being in sympathy with the extreme depression in the business of the country consequent upon the reduced protection to manufacturing interests in general. The United States was practically out of the foreign markets for wool, the prices abroad, particularly of carpet wools, falling to a very low point. WOOL TARIFFS OF 1842 AND 1857. Under the impulse of the tariff of August 30, 1842, manufacturing slowly revived for a time, but woolen manufacturing was, as a whole, unprofitable until after the passage of the act of 1857. A little in an- ticipation of its passage it had a spasmodic revival, which about the time the law went into effect was followed by a most disastrous crisis, resulting in the bankruptcy of many of our largest corporations and some of the leading commission houses. For a time wool prices were nominal and many descriptions were absolutely unsalable at any price. Two of our oldest manufacturers, practical men, who owned and ran their mills and controlled their own affairs, told me that 1857 was the first year in which the balance of their business results had been on the wrong side of the ledger, but one of them added, " The prices at which I bought wool in December for the coming year made it the most profit- able of any." It is thus seen that the wool manufacture has not been a universally unprofitable business. In almost every branch there were men who were eminently prosperous, for they had been brought up regularly to the business, begun within their means, and increased their operations without running in debt. Philadelphia and its vicinity have probably had a larger class of such men than any other part of the country. Of the corporations, nearly all before this date failed disastrously. Their business in most cases was conducted by men who had no practi- cal knowledge of its details. The purchasing of materials and the manufacturing were carried on by men with high salaries. When profits were made they were often distributed to stockholders without due re- gard to the great uncertainties which attend this business, perhaps more than most others. The successful men who are above referred to. were strictly economi- cal, and all that was made beyond the expenses of a simple mode of life went to swell their means and tide over times of severe depression, which to such as survived were usually followed by a period of corre- sponding prosperity. Such men survived the disasters of 1857, and many of the mills of those who succumbed at that time were bought by men of similar char- acter, who carried them on prosperously under the tariff of that year, which made all classes of wool virtually free. The high prices for wool LX WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. paid ill anticipation of the passage of this law were not immediately realized upon its going into operation, owing to the financial crisis be- fore referred to, The anticipated advance of wool in this country had, however, its effect abroad, and put up the value of fine wools in all the markets of the world. Sample lots was sent to this market from Australia in 1856, costing 7$d. to 8d. per pound. The party receiving them sent a large ship to Melbourne for such wool to cost under 20 cents per pound. The market had so advanced that it could not be done. It was also soon found that with the limit of 20 cents, and afterwards of 18 cents, the best wools at the Cape of Good Hope could not be bought under said limits, and American buyers were obliged to take those of inferior quality and condition. WOOL TARIFF OF 1864. The tariff on wool was very little changed after this until the passage of the Morrill tariff in 1864, when for the first time duties were put on manufactured wool over and above the amount of protection required by the manufacturer, sufficient to compensate for the duty upon the raw materials. The law of 1867 was imposed upon the wool manufacturers by the wool growers. Contrary to the expectation of the framers of the law of 1864, it was found that under it large quantities of Buenos Ayrean wools, dirty and burry, could be bought, at the Eio de la Plata under 12 cents per pound, and came in under the 3 cent duty, which was expected to cover only car, pet wools. An exaggerated statement of the influence of this Jed to a call from the wool growers for a revision. After the passage of the act of 1864 a convention was held at Syracuse at which it was agreed that the wool growers should have equal protection with the manufacturers. By simply adding to the clause " wools costing under 12 x?ents per pound, except such as are of merino blood, immediate or remote," their protec- tion, it was claimed, would be equal to that of manufacturers. But they insisted on the form in which it was passed, which resulted well for the country but badly for the States that insisted upon it, as it led to such an extension of wool growing beyond the Mississippi as to give to those States a severer competition than they ever had from abroad. PROPOSED TARIFF OF 1866. Confident of the passage of the tariff introduced in 1866, and which had been passed by the House of Representatives, the farmers of the country increased their ttocks, especialty beyond the Mississippi, and the growth of wool rapidly increased in the expectation of a great rise in prices consequent upon the high rates of duty imposed. In this they were disappointed, for others as well as themselves anticipated im- proved values of wool, and both manufacturers and speculators had sent orders abroad. The long delay, between the inception of the bill WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXI and its final passage resulted in large importations under the old tariff. Consequently when the tariff actually went into operation the market was overstocked. In addition to this, large quantities of army clothing, accumulated during the war, were thrown upon the market at exceedingly low prices and added to the dullness of the demand for wool from the manufact- urers. It will be seen from the following table that while the wool clip in- creased one hundred and seventeen million pounds since 1867 or about 70 per cent., the imports more than tripled; but the prices, instead of increasing, declined. Table showing the relation of imports to home production of tcooZ, $-c. Calendar year. Domestic product. Imports entered for consump- tion fiscal year suc- ceeding. Total supply. Average value Ohio wool. Classified entries of wool for consumption, fiscal year suc- ceeding Clothing. Combing. Carpet. 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 187:5 ........ 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885........ Pounds. 168, 000, 000 180, 000, 000 162, 000, 000 160, 000, 000 150, 000, 000 158, 000, 000 170, 000, 000 1 181, 000, OOO 1 192, 000, 000 200, 000, 000 208, 250, 000 211,000,000 232, 000, 000 240, 000, 000 272, 000, 000 290, 000, 000 300, 000, 000 308, 000, 000 302, 000, 000 285, 000, 000 Pounds. Pounds. 34, 695, 939! 38, 634, 067 j 50, 174, 056i 94, 315, 933; 84,212,581! 56, 793, 738 51,686,294 40, 275, 678 40, 114, 394! 39,801, 16l| 40, 102, 642 ! 99, 3-72, 440! 67; 416, 966 63, 016, 769 53, 049, 9671 87,703.931| 68, 146, 652 107,910,549 114, 404, 173 214,695,939 200, 634, 166 210, 174, 055 244, 315, 964 242,212,581 226, 793, 816 233, 686, 540 232, 257, 677 240, 114, 394 248, 052, 163 251, 093, 642 831,872,440 307, 416, 966 335, 016, 763 343,049,964 387, 703, 931 370, 146, 652 409,910,549 399, 081, 000 Cents. 40 341 47 45 42;' 421 37 34 34 Cents. 43 36 B54 62 I? 48 43i 37 43$ 35* 47| 46 44| 441 34^ 32; 3,-; Cents. 39J 35 30,1 B3 41 58 52 4 41 : f 31 43 88J 35| 85 32 Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 2, 512, 201 6, 530, 493 5, 957, 461 16, 871, 332 6, 029, 488 2, 39*!, 210 13, 117, 679 8, 643, 366 9, 294, 029 9, 916, 012 5, 229, 987 26, 785, 172 20, 609, 707 13, 489, 923 11, 546, 530 20. 703, 843 13,472,432 23, 321, 758 23, 195, 734 4, 533, 367 2, 752, 568 17, 665, 600 41,155,460 49,540,231 27, 087, 438 7, 769, 15' 3, 167, 307 2, 509, 954 3, 028, 69 1, 709, 601 13, 266, 856 4,421,491 2, 318, 671 1, 373, 114 4, 474, 396 3,891,91 4, 872, 739 9, 703, 962 27, 650, 371 29, 351, 006 26, 550, 995 3d, 289, 141 28, 642, 863 27, 308, 090 30,799,458 28, 4G5, 005 28,310,411 26, 850, 280 33, 163, 054 59, 320, 412 42, 385, 769 47, 208, 175 40, 130. 323 62, 525, 692 50, 782, 306 79, 716, 052 81, 504, 477 Tear ending June 30 Remaining in bond June 30. Exports of domestic and foreign wool. Total imports of wool. Imports of woolen manufac- tures into Great Brit- ain (at $5 per 1). Imports of woolen man- ufactures into Great Britain. United States. 1868... 1869... 1870... 1871... 1872:.. 1873... 1874... 1875... 1876... 1877... 1878... 1879... 1880... 1881... 1882... 1883... 1884... 1885... 1886... 1887... Pounds. 6, 235, 098 7, 635, 133 8, 309, 789 6, 412, 052 33, 761, 434 28, 828, 609 6, 536, 317 6, 274, 265 11,424,948 8, 899, 729 10, 386, 604 6, 722, 831 31, 184, 022 18, 860, 896 14, 382, 748 26, 972, 660 15,226,416 15, 031, 337 28, 318, 952 20, 711, 648 Pounds. 3, 360, 287 756, 804 1, 862, 945 1, 330, 506 2, 400, 9U8 7,115,515 7, 135, 757 3, 745, 661 1, 623, 194 3, 168, 556 6, 300, 075 4,165,400 3, 840, 071 5, 578, 989 3,918,015 4, 074, 517 2,315,094 3, 103, 345 6, 680, 849 6, 986, 232 Pounds. 24, 124, 803 39, 275, 926 49, 230, 199 68, 058, 028 122, 256, 499 85, 496, 049 42, 939, 541 54, 901, 760 44, 642, 836 42, 171, 192 48, 449, 079 39, 005, 155 128, 131, 747 55, 964, 236 67, 861, 744 70, 575, 478! 78, 350, 651' 70,596,170 129, 084, 958 114, 038, 030 Dollars. 21, 986, 000 23,417,000 26, 991, 000 31, 577, 000 30, 190, 000 29, 354, 000 30, 618, 000 31,903,000 36, 409, 000 38, 634, 000 41,218,000 38, 494, 000 51, 561, 000 40, 506, 000 42, 773, 000 45, 050, 000! 46, 928, 49, 763, 000 55, 129, Dollars. 32, 489, 342 36, 077, 875 37, 064, 001 46, 713, 767 55, 561, 850 53, 51(, 5CO 48, 826, 816 46, 348, 545 34, 859, 506 26,911,873 26, 505, 573 25,527,117 35, 356, 992 32, 970, 507 38, 726, 975| 45,457,3071 41, 157, 583J 35, 776, 559! 41,421,319 44, 633, 263 Dollars. 97, 468, 026 108, 233, 625 111, 192. 003 140, 141, 301 166, 685, 550 160,531,680 146, 480, 448 139, 045, 635 104, 578, 51 R 80, 735, 619 79, 516, 719 76, 581, 351 106, 070, 976 98,911,521 116, 180, 925 136,371,921 123, 472, 749 107, 329, 677 124, 263, 957 133, 899, 788 LX11 WOOL AND MANUFACTURED OF WOOL. The depression of the wool market continued until 1871, when the production had fallen off 30,000,000 pounds since 1868. The surplus of woolens which had weighed upon the market had now been consumed, the manufacturing business which had been dull and unprofitable had now greatly improved, and the manufacturers looked forward to a season of prosperity. The machinery which had been idle or feebly running for three or four years was started, the wool market improved, and a short supply of wool carried prices up rapidly. At the same time prices in Europe, especially forfine wool, owing to the Franco-Prussian war, were exceedingly low, lower probably than ever before, and lower than they reached again until the latter part of 1885 and early part of 1880, when good average Port Phillip grease touched Sd. (Fi ne wools were similarly affected during the early period of our great war.) Wool dealers, manu- facturers, and speculators sent their orders abroad freely, the result be- ing a larger importation than had ever been in any one year. Notwith- standing this, prices were well maintained here, until the general de- pression in business of all kinds which followed the financial disasters of 1873, from which the country recovered slowly. Our heavy importa- tions of 1871 and 1872 helped, with return of peace, to bring about a rapid reaction in the value of wool in Europe, and prices did not fall be- low paying rates until 1879. The large amount of wool in the raw and manufactured state consumed in the Boston fire of 1872, estimated at 31,000,000 pounds, had an influence to prevent a sudden decline in values, notwithstanding an increase of over 70,000,000 pounds in our home product since 1872, and this without a material increase in our woolen machinery. The machinery had been added to greatly during the war, and the country only now appeared to have grown to its ca- pacity. Prosperity generally reigned. While the machinery for general wool- ens had not increased, there had been a decided increase in that for car- pets, and for worsted goods, particularly of the finer kinds, which required chiefly such wools of the first class as were suitable for this purpose and of which but a small quantity was then grown in the United States. Soon after 1879 opened, wool, particularly second-class wool, was in small de- mand abroad and had reached in Great Britain a value as low, compara- tively, as did the fine wool in 1870, and lower than on record for the twenty years preceding.* Alpacas and other luster goods for women's wear had gone entirely out of fashion. Large quantities of these second-class wools were made into the coarse fabrics generally known as " cheviot goods," which were exceedingly good and cheap. As the men of this country must take their fashions from England, or I would rather say London, these goods were largely bought for America. At the same time large orders went abroad for wool for similar uses here. The prices * The largest decrease in the clip of tlie country was in the States from which we get the most of this description of wool. The number of sheep in Ohio, the priuci State, fell from 7,688,845 in 1868 to 4,302,904 in 1870. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL, LXIII iiiEngland were by this competition advanced from 10$. in August, 1879, to 18 %d. in April, 1880. Thus an effectual check was put upon the ship- ment of these cheviot goods to this country, except such as the caprice of fashion demanded. As cheviot goods were all the rage, it became necessary to make them for the masses 5 to do which, as we had but little suitable wool grown in this country, stock for this purpose was prepared by mixing some of the coarsest grades of native wools with the finer wools of the third class to give a feeling and character resembling that of an English cheviot. It was no doubt in part this use that swelled the consump- tion of third-class wool in 1880 to 59,320,112 pounds 5 but there was, as the census of 1880 shows, an unusually large consumption, not less than 45,000,000 pounds, in that year for carpets. The blanket manu- facture, which always used largely third-class wool, was also a large consumer this year. The census of 1880 reported 34,008,252 pounds for- eign, and 2,029,318 pounds domestic wool used in carpet manufactures ; also 8,985,162 pounds woolen yarn and 4,091,115 pounds worsted yarn purchased. Of these yarns 1,265,240 pounds woolen and 2,238,076 pounds worsted were among the marketable products reported by car- pet mills, leaving 9,539,961 pounds yarn bought by carpet manufact- urers. This would have required about 14,000,000 pounds, of which probably not less than 11,000,000 pounds was foreign, making 45,000,000 pounds for carpets, say for blankets, blanketing, &c., 4,000,000 pounds, leaving for 1880 only about 9,000,000 pounds unaccounted for. Of this a considerable portion was surplus in the hands of dealers and manu- facturers, as is shown by the reduced quantity that went into consump- tion during the three succeeding years. The imports of 1880, like those in 1872, were profitable in the begin- ning, and at its close there remained in the warehouses 31,184,022 pounds, while it was estimated that there were in the hands of manu- facturers and dealers at least 25,000,000 pounds more. Nevertheless, domestic wool maintained a high average value until 1884, when there was again a considerable quantity of foreign entered for consumption, increased at this time by wools held back in bond until July, 1883, in order to get the benefit of reduction of duties by the act of that year. There were in warehouse 26,972,660 pounds. Again, in 1886 the imports were large; and as again cheviot goods were ruling the market, undoubtedly some of the third-class wools were used for this purpose. From 1880 to 1887 the machinery for making carpets in this country has increased in effective power at least two-thirds. Allowing that for the past year the product of this machinery has increased one- half, there would have been required for carpets 67,500,000 pounds j and allowing as before 4,000,000 pounds for blankets, there would remain to be accounted for only about 10,000,000 pounds with a general con- sumption of wool nearly 23 per cent, larger than in 1880. I may add LXIV WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL, that considerable quantities of these wools have been used for backing heavy coatings as well as for mixing with our wools for cheviots. The imports of third class (carpet) entered for consumption during the fiscal year 1887 amounted to 81,504,477 pounds, the extreme amount of which I estimate could be used for clothing purposes would be about 8,800,000 pounds. My impression is that much less that this was thus used. Many of the wools that were on hand when the demand suddenly stopped in. 1880 were sold ac severe loss, as were many that had been bought by manufacturers to make cheviots, and remained on hand when the fashion for this class of goods ceased. One lot of heavy, low-grade, first-class wool, on which duties had been paid, were sold at a price which resulted in an entire loss of the first cost abroad. Without the occasional importation of wools of all classes when our home supply, for whatever reason, fails to meet the demands of our man- ufacturers, barring the excess imported by speculators, it is doubtful if these importations have lessened the value of our native product, as, if our manufacturers had been unable to obtain the wools requisite to make the goods demanded by fashion, such goods would have been im- ported from abroad, and our mills would have been obliged to stop for want of material to ruabe the goods demanded by the market. It is certainly demonstrable that the advance in wools caused by American competition greatly checked the importation from England of coarse woolens in 1880. COMPETITION IN WOOL RAISING WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES. In the foregoing pages I have endeavored to show, as requested by you, the relation which the product of wool in this country bears to the imported product. You next ask me to state " whether any wool is imported which we cannot produce in this country, and the reasons why we cannot produce any particular grades of wool in competition with foreign countries." In reply I would say there are none of the third-class wools that can be grown in this country to advantage. Most of them are from races adapted to entirely different climate and circumstances, whose yield of wool is so small that it would not pay for half their keeping. We could, I think, grow much more of the second-class wool than we do, because such wool is secondary in value, as the sheep could be raised profitably for mutton. This first-class mutton, if abundantly grown, would soon be appreciated and find a well-paying market at home and abroad. It is more difficult to explain, so as to be readily understood, why cannot produce any particular grades of first class wools. We may grow wool in some places equally fine and apparently as good in other respects as wools that are imported, but they may not have the same working qualities. They will not produce the same effect when finished. Such is the influence of climate and soil upon wool that no two places can grow wool exactly alike. The descendants of the same flock rai WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXV in Vermont and Ohio, or even iii Vermont and New Hampshire, will not yield the same wool. I asked a correspondent in Australia what gave the superior luster to his neighbor's wool. The reply was, his was grown on a granite soil and mine on a limestone soil. In conversation once with one of the most distinguished wine merchants in Bordeaux upon this subject, he re- marked that a friend in Crimea once wrote to him, saying that, if his patriotism did not prevent, he wished he would send him some grape cuttings with instructions for their propagation. He replied that his patriotism would not interfere j that he could send him the cuttings, but he could neither send him the climate nor the soil. The wool from flocks bred of Vermont stock gains a character in every part of the country, modified in one way or another by the climate and soil of each locality. We raise, comparatively to the demand, a small portion of ' first-class combing and delaine wool, and very little even of this has the charac- teristics required to make the finest goods which fashion demands from France and England. Without the same wools that are used there these goods cannot be made here. The bulletin of the Philadelphia Textile Association estimates the clip of 1886 at 282,331,026 pounds, of which it classes as combing 11,464,306 pounds, as combing X and above, 12,103,553 pounds me- dium, and 33,713,345 pounds quarter blood. It also estimates the de- crease of the clip between 1884 and 1886 at 11,713,345 pounds, the de- cline from the States which yielded most of the combing wools being 10,000,000 pounds. To the quality of the clip must be added that of the wool pulled from the skins to give the entire product. There are portions of the Western States and Territories, Montana in particular, where they are rapidly improving the character of their wools, and much will probably be had from these sections when they have been longer settled and provision made for better protecting and more uniform feeding of the sheep. A change of food or exposure often ruins the fiber for this purpose. Until this time comes, Austra. iian or other tine combing wools must be imported or this branch of fine wool manufacture, now perhaps the most important, must to a great extent be abandoned. We have also as yet been able to raise in this country very few wools fitted for the manufacture of fine broadcloths and similar finished goods. In the early production of worsted goods, wools of English blood, combed by hand, were first used, but as machinery for combing was invented the long stapled wools of other races began to be combed and the machinery was gradually improved, until now wools of any length of staple can be combed. As far back as 186 i) I saw in Mr. Holden's establishment, at Eheims, a very handsome "top " made from misera- ble Cape of Good Hope bits and pieces. The process is now so far perfected thai yarns made by the combing process are used for many 5402 WOOL- 5 LXVI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. classes of goods that at the time of the passage of the tariff of 1867 were only made by carding, and thus a fearful competition is set up with goods manufactured by the old process. TARIFF DISCRIMINATIONS BETWEEN WORSTED AND WOOLENS. This leads us to a consideration of the paper you sent to me written by Mr. A. D. Juillard on tariff discriminations between worsteds and woolens. These discriminations were made in the tariffs of 1867 and those preceding it, andTthe language of the tariff of 1867 was copied in the tariff of 1883. Demands for change for duties 'now exacted upon worsted goods and wool waste are reasonable and equitable and should be heeded as promptly as possible, but, as 1 have more fully stated in correspond- ence with Mr. William Whitman, president of the National Association of Woolen ^Manufacturers, it seems to me clear that Congress alone has the power to make such changes, because these goods were described in the tariff of 1883 as in 1867, and under the administration of the tariff of 1867 the word "cloths" was understood to mean broadcloths, as they have been in the trade ever since I was first familiar with it, more than sixty years since. The headings for the census returns for 1870 and 1880 so indicated, and the late E. B. Bigelovv, in his address upon the wool industry of the United States, delivered in New York, stated that the imports of woolen goods were as follows : Cloths and cassimeres : $6,956,449 Shawls 1,559,999 Blankets : 28,196 Carpets 2,776,291 Dress goods 15,196,233 Not specified 5,902,591 Yarn waste of all kinds, fine and coarse, was imported under the tariff of 1867 and those which preceded it. Much more fine waste, and possibly some finer than belore, has been imported within the last few years, but that does not change the character as described. Therefore it seems as though Congress alone can remedy these evils, which are very serious for the wool grower and manufacturer, and to which, regardless of political bearings, they should immediately give their attention. I have overlooked your inquiry, " Why theife do not appear in the market quotations of wools the prices of foreign wools?" Such quo- tations are given as far as they are of any value, but the grades are so little known that few are interested in them. DEVELOPMENT OF THE RAW WOOL TRADE. Up to about 1825 the manufacturers bought of the farmers most of their wool or took it from them to work upon shares, but as the clip of the country increased the wool was received by the commission merchants in the leading cities, principally the dry goods commission merchants, either by purchase or on consignment. Wool was not made WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXVII a distinct branch of trade until about 1830. In that year, or shortly before, distinct wool houses were opened in Boston, New York, and Philadelphia. Livermore & Kendall in that year started the first in Boston, and were the leading house in that market for some years. The factories increased so rapidly, that soon the clip of the country did not meet the demand, and, as before stated, in 1828 competition carried prices up so high and reduced the supply so low, that the larger manufacturers united and sent an agent to Europe to buy wool. On arrival the wool was sold at auction ; each contributor had the privi- lege of buying what suited him, and the profit and loss account was , divided pro rata among the subscribers. The result was satisfactory, and this course was repeated a few years afterwards, in 1831 or 1832. With these exceptions, the importations were then generally made by merchants and ship owners engaged in foreign commerce, who bought wool in quantities larger or smalle'r, as they might obtain it for a part of their cargoes. The wool business increased very gradually. As late as 1841 there were in Boston but two wool houses and one wool broker. Others, of course, then dealt in wool, both home-grown and foreign some to a considerable extent. At that time Philadelphia probably did the largest business in domestic wool. The foreign, which had then attained considerable importance, especially in the low carpet- wools imported chiefly from South America and Turkey, was about equally divided between New York and Boston. Our business with Eussia in wool did not begin to develop importance until after the passage of the law of 1857, although we did receive some Eussian wools through other sources. Since that time the importation of foreign wools has been chiefly through New York and Boston, with a small quantity to Philadelphia, which port within a few years has materially increased her imports. New York, owing to her extensive commerce, has been the heaviest port of entry, many of the imports for other markets having been made there on account of the greater facility of obtaining favorable freights. I regret to add that recently there have been repeated attempts to enter wools under the third that should have paid duty as first or sec- ond class. I notice large quantities of wool imported as -third class from Turkey in Europe, whence a very small percentage of wools of this class comes. Our advices from Liverpool have continually reported large quantities of noils from English wools shipped to this country, which, from the prices at which they have been sold, it is to be feared have been entered as third class. The conferences of the appraisers of the several ports, it is hoped, will correct this ; but these shipments from Liverpool still continue. Uniformity in the administration at the several ports should be care- fully watched and absolutely demanded. To secure this, it is of the first importance to have in each of the ports examiners who are thorough experts in wools of all descriptions. [End of Mr. Bond's article.] J.XVIII WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. MANUFACTURES OF WOOLENS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES. England, France, and Germany enjoy practically a monopoly of the trade of the world in woolen manufactures. They are the only coun- tries of the world that export woolen manufactures in excess of their imports of raw wool. The exact magnitude of their manufactures can- not, however, be adequately shown, as their governments do not collect periodically elaborate statistics of their products of industry, as does the United States by means of its decennial census. Such information as has been obtained is fragmentary and lacking in desired details, rendering it impracticable to make a satisfactory comparison with the wool manufactures of the United States. These statistics will be found in table 64 of the Appendix. COMMENTS ON APPENDIX TABLES. In many respects the most valuable portion of this report will be found in the Appendix, consisting of seventy tables of statistics, twenty of which relate to the United States, and the remainder to the United Kingdom and to the more important states of continental Europe. Within the limits at command we cannot summarize the tables; never- theless, special attention is directed to the following as of peculiar value : Table No. 1 presents the quantities and values of raw wool imported into the United States from the principal and other foreign countries, with the total quantities and values of foreign raw wool exported and the net imports of the same, from 1822 to 1887, inclusive. Table No. 3 shows the quantities of wool produced, imported, ex- ported, and retained for consumption in the United States from 1839 to 1886, inclusive. Table No. 4 will be found one of peculiar interest, as it presents not only the quantities and value j of imported wool, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals, entered for consumption in the United States, including both entries for immediate consumption and with- drawals from warehouse for consumption, but also the rates of duty and amounts of accruing duty, during the years ending June 30 from 1867 to 1886, inclusive. Table No. 6 shows the values of manufactures of wool imported into the United States from the principal and all other foreign countries, the total values of foreign manufactures of wool exported, and the net imports for each year from 1821 to 1887, inclusive. Table No. 7 shows the quantities and values of the principal and all other manufactures of wool imported into the United States, and the estimated amounts of duty received on the same, for each year from 1821 to 1866, inclusive. Table No. 8, in the first place, presents by itemized articles the rates of duty and amounts of accruing duties, followed by the quanti- WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXIX ties and values of imported manufactures of wool entered for consump- tion in the United States, including both entries for immediate con- sumption and withdrawals from warehouse for consumption, during the years ending June 30 from 1867 to 1886, inclusive. Table No. 11 shows the quantity and value of domestic wool exported from the United States during each year from 1846 to 1887, the value of domestic manufactures of wool exported from 1864 to 1887, and the num- ber and value of domestic sheep exported from 1821 to 1887 r inclusive. Table No. 12 will be consulted with peculiar interest, as it shows the price of wool during each year from 1824 to 1887, inclusive. Table No. 13 exhibits the tariff rates of duty upon wool and manu- factures of wool under all the acts of Congress imposing said duties from the first wool tariff of 1789 to 1883, inclusive. Table No. 14 exhibits the statistics of number of establishments, cap- ital invested, number of hands employed, wages paid, cost of material used, and value of products of the manufacture of worsted and woolen goods in each State and Territory of the United States for the years 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880, according to the United States census of those years respectively. Table No. 18 shows the weekly wages paid to employes in woolen factories in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and average wages paid daily in like factories in Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and Kentucky, in 1885. Tables Nos. 19 and 20 exhibit the number of sheep and the crop of wool in each State and Territory of the United States for each of the years 1840, 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, and the number of sheep in each State and Territory from 1875 to 1887, inclusive. Tables Nos. 21 to 63 comprise interesting data in regard to the im- ports into and the exports from the various foreign countries of wool and woolens, embracing in many cases all the information which could be procured in regard to the wool and woolen industries in those countries. Table No. 45 is one of the many interesting tables having reference to the wool industries of foreign countries, and shows, by countries, the quantities and values of manufactures of wool imported into and ex- ported from the United Kingdom in 1885 ; and Table No. 49 shows the quantities and values of wool and manufactures of wool exported from the United Kingdom for each year from 1861 to 1885, inclusive. Table No. 65 is compiled from the United States consular reports, and possesses peculiar interest, for it shows the present tariff rates of foreign countries on importations of wool and manufactures of wool. Table No. 68 exhibits the number of sheep and goats in the various countries of the world. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXI fr- rH T-I n 6 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXIII fc o E s D' 50 ft O O M O to "7 go" Bfc 3,2 s; M 31 ^ H i~ a" 1 OS p Ijr w x Oi-H 8 p^S? I: fe JaS 15 -3 o >> P-- o in SJB ^-S tSwSaSSooSoS WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXY 1 (a *s* Ill Ijjll IH S ' PS" * e o M~ C ^ r -( t - ^*t CO o" > * c 'O 1O s ill t t c I 1 1 1 1 5 ^ c s i o Z ' O 1 i ! ~ c ' O < O < ft c ; I 8 S3 S S o o c c c S 'c u c 3 S i H < * J :> -H -t H t- O 500 3 i 5 t ? ! ! i i ! 1 1 3 E 1 i 5 ? 1 5 5 1 i I I ! b ^ 1 1 s a 5 s < a" to" .-<" : 1 8 ! ! i S ' ^. L : 1 : 3 I 1 I ! i i i 5 3 r- 5 C 2 8 S 5 O CO i 9 C I C ! g 1 Q L f n o~ i n i r 3 g 5" ; q S ^ t -" t C 5~ W s" t -~ of o" o o" o 5- c 1 s- co 1 d II o 1 S ! 1 Jl i P i * O ? s C ' WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXIX ocT If .S I "3 o 01 I s a es s- 1 I bO I O ^e *** 5 | c i: 1 s "5 C S c II 31 * C/ - ot CT > r 3 j - ? i i ir $ ? 1 K | OC i r^- 1 i g % S CO 3 1 j fl - < ~, ^ < r 2 ; s f & 1 1! H S ^ I > -^ j . h cr 5 C i & (X I i i 1 g R 5 I q - d d T2 C 5 C - C -1 T- 3 I 1 i C i &. ; ^ -I r- cr c- cr c- K C ic .-o * s ' " ' ^ ' ^3 r-i M X a i i o o fj H -2 C 2 c . r D > H r 5 C H r ii -i r- (i H T- 5 t 5 2 n = }' J OC * T- s a T i- i 8 a c- B I ro a I I i 1 1 00 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXXI _>s O 1 i i 1 ! 3" 3 ! i : f ] 1 i S 8 u< e 5 i = I s s C 1 g 3 i r - s i f I i r "3 C *< < i" I f \ 1 ! s s s H r 2" S 1 L 5 ! 3 i ? I q" t- S ' i" E t H T- 1 i r | ^ H r- 5 f? 5 r- r i i ? ! 5 h~ T 3 f S 5 S f s * c f s i i 5 i- 5" c q c j ^ 3~ 5 ^ f 1 * C * ? -- T ! 1 f S" B" I!? - g S s C ! ! s r t ; o < I I c Z 5 s 1 i i 5 1 i 2 ? a i 1 i 8 8 I S i I 8 8 8 ) OO HS ^ 2 ; 3 1 -< i i v i c +1 c t r '. c ? ? i i 3 \ ! 1 o c 1 ? ? O 3 S ! : 5 f i i 5 ? S 1 5 1 1 IO e ' K i S 5 *- r 3 ; ^~ . 3 1 i f i o c >! ^ 5 I r . ? s I \ 2 1 C ? f ! I * I S 5 ! ! ? 3 ^ j * S g * r- s J R : o~ c * 5 - - 3 C *" K O C 3 ^ r c f i 2 i s ^* i * < 3 S" 3- I 1 C f g f ? f 3" ^ 3" 5 r . (< L 3 S r s 8 ^ g 1 "o 1 tt-l o 1 1 s o 1 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXXIII ' EC a g ID - y ^ i 7 jB $ 1 i 1 J2 3 1 1 I B a SJO 1 | 5^1 I* 1 | g " CO 1 ! iSI'lSSSSSISSSSS 111 i s sf m i ! 5 1 S 1 1 E" f 1 i 8" S I 1}^ "i ' SjSSS'cfcfto'SSfooS'St^t^co p. rf C) 1 : i -2 i : i : : ! : i i : : : ing retail bu includes cai ;ustom work "o e .3 o * ^> ft : ** Hi 3 8 a 1 8, f I t 1 : . j 1 J ti : 5 ^ "^ M 1 1 1 : g S : I i i 1 P, 5 | 1 f 1 I S i : a *> Flouring and gris Slaughtering and i H 1 s S 1 I 1 1 . * ?- g 1 i 1 i 1 * i 1 1 1 1 si ! 1 b 1 1 1 1 ! 1 1 1 ! i 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 1 i i 1 1 1 1 SMJIJIJJJJ'lljJ WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXXV 1 I WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. LXXXVII 1 * 1 Number of sLeep am Sheep and lamba. i S ' 1 I 1 \ ; i I I I ! C s - ? 1 f f 5 i I f ! 3" S - 1 S f i 5" s II *! ^ ; i > u- t- ! ; | 8 > os a r $ g f 1 1 f tT r; : I I S 1 1 t ; 1 ; : c 8 1 f { I \ ! i i ; ! i. 4 ' I 3 F I ! D =4 C , ! i 1 ? ; C 3 M t i i f! i 1 < ' !! M ! ! i - i ii 1 4 P SE i i i 1 1 1 s C. 1 1 I 1 ' WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF . LXXXIX Q i i . Quantities produced. Pounds. 9R9 QfiR flftft ! I r s i ?- \ I f f S ! I f ! 5 5 1 i > C i 1 r ^ 2 et r C * ^ I i f ' 2 6 o c i " '^'" C - i 5 c SS Countries of production. i a 1 1 Pi j e ! i ! 3 I \ \ ) < 5 i 5 3 1 8 t \ i 1 1 to c 3 3 x i- H -^ S ! 3 [ | i ! : ? H V l ? ^ - 1 i I 1 i I H ! ! i 1 ! i America (1885). 1 Artrentinfl "Rp.mihlio, i ^ i 1 1 i If] (3 < British East Indies, Turkey, and Persia. Cape Colony and Na- tal (1885). I WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XCI 1 ' p sturea of 1 i f P 1 a i . | \ s 1 1 \ \ I \ i in ih! ! s d < c ' I | S >! 1 S3 S < CM a us ggg S31 lis cc s !g 3S3SS 8 li ISS IS! - CM OC O CO C4 S S 00 g g g g 1 1 i s IlliiS^l ^ ^ s o" o- - H rH r 5 -* S ! S S o" 10" ~ oo" eo" o co" io" i-T o oo" g 1 " r-T OS tO OO" *" CNf 00" 4 i : S i 1 ills ! 1 i S g : s s i (/ 1 1 2 i 2 1 ; g o * 1 SJ! ij! lj l| l| 1 11 I'll ! ! 1 M 1 all 2 1 I \ -TO- III ill (1? -III III 1 1 1 1 1 1 s * s s fc fj r-T 3 P r_T 3 S t-T f3 Illllill 1 i : J j 1 I ^ I h : : c 11 OQ j 1 3 : ; ' 00 = ' * 1 ^ | 3 ^ ll I 8 q i * i i i LJ ? 1-5 1 .2 [ i I 5 & S fl 9 J f& 02 CO |= o M ^ fl ! -S -S g i 11 ii fi pq pq < o WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. XCIII 1 1 s I 1 I 1 1 s B . O H H I I II l.l.ii 1 , co co co coo tfjo co 10 P 00 -* -* coco JO O 1 i t> ^ o" o~ ic" t-~ ^-T of i-T co~ T-T t^" IH -* co~ -* 2 3 rH Exports of ^" rt"i ^^ jS i P 8 * S "s *"^S *<*3 ** l * *4l '-eS II 1 1 j 1 1 II 1 1 II II ; i i Countries. 1 1 I 1 K f ! j ; I I . ! tl J i lil 1 i i s 3 3 3 4 2 o APPENDIX TO REPORT ON WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. C^l ?) i IO OS tfj . |^ I- -r O rH t- rH t^r-t OS ~* CO t CO ^t O iCOO c t- t- CO CO 00 CO I 0scb' rH O 00 10 -* :r>j TJI ea c- t~ ) C~ O O ^H Tjl 00 r-l o o w * * co co oo " in" ro" cT r-T -*" o" OOCCTjiCOf-H r-i W* t> M t> t- o oo us * o eo os as co s> co o co r- ft o 7 o t- o c~ eg TC T< jvi o 10 '- i- - i -T 3 o << en m i=i rt f^ T>< W TK lOOIMIvlCOTt'OOt--J.Xt>r-IT.Tj.Xt-OsbS IO O (M rH t^'t*O5^^ < ^t'lO? i-l i-l ^-( O 00 t r o" o" 01" *" o" c-~ o" cs~ o" w~ c ^s^ SCO ro 00 'JO O (M CO " af i-T x~ T of r-T o r-s c~. o 'X *> a i- i r-i CM ^< C^l O CS CO rH S|gg33|S^ t^ m -* o o -M 10 o x LO i-H^lO. o oo T co" co" oT x" i o" ^H" '^OOSOM-sfi-IOOOMh-Ni 225SS'""o l * 5 S! a s o t^-cocoo i>-ococoooo t- 0*m^< CMOOt-L-OOt- CO *Ct>iOO O> (CO-^rHlC esia t- s wco t00 Oi O < ( ,10 o >o co o ' 00 00 00 00 00; WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. "of CO~ 1C CO T* Ol CM :O Tl > rl i-HUi ^ CO * (M "o~oo"o~ t?cf eS'^^ofoo'Sf S^ssfEH ^"o"o"i CM" ,-%* C5r-IO.-l!M f I lO O rH rl ^ <-T ccf ^ ^ co" ed" es~ t^ c"oo"in" o~CNf C|co"co"o"a|jo~ co" eg os" &? o"o"co"o~^"t^cNro"cNf i^o"rH~C3"co'tin'o''H"i n o ^ 00 t in o rt o '-M r- cs o OS O Tt C- 00 t- T-l CM T-i it^r-H 1O lOC^-^rft CCrO^iO-*rCOO - i 0-1 . *< N C^l CM C-4 rl CO * CC - r-( IM Ci,t-l O m Tf O os it it o oo os oo*~ ( '^in in 10 ^* i < r-t ? < M* r-T Ci" . r-~rt"M"-H~ Cs"i-T . r-t.-^oor-t-^ 5^1 Ift 0"-l CO 05 -I cacocor-iwin ' t * 'O >c comcorHinmmcscoco Ir-t-Oin^TfCNCMOCO ! t-Toffafc-T ^f cfco'co" oooocMinoooco mt c>comoooo cocoeooOrHCC"* r-T O" i-T rH* of OS" Tf!" CO" CM os co r-i m co CO CO rH CM iocs :; co in i c oo >o> ioo i^ " O -O > CO 'O ' o .00 -t- iJn .'( -H i m" o -co" o6"raT T CM -t- 'OS -O CO-^'-ioO *< QO -COOincO ' ad CO>OCOCO t-cocoinooo'Mt- co i^ o rH o i- 01 o n o rHOCOt--*OOSOrH eo"in"-rin"i>rcNf-rtro"o~ 3^2^S5JS?^ 33 :gS = ofos" -fgfe Ic^S^ ssso 1 ; t- O ~ r-TcO tlrf" -o "C^ cs cccoo-iO t>-HlOt-OOCOOO sf oaom CM !-( ir-r in CO"CO i-H rH l'Mro^'T*.lOOOOt-(^aoOOOJO^-((M(MCO"*00 OOCOtOOOO t ^OOCOCOCOt^-t^-I>'t^l-*t>l>t^t^t^-r oC'X'OOcooooocooooooooocooooGcoooooooaooooooooo WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. L "S3 IS O O >< m o I 5 ! Slls :ss^ r^'oo". i oo co -rf ir i m in o c OCO O l~ >oo c 10 -i; (r-lOOS^IO-Hl.OlMOOCSCOOOt 185 > >j t- *-S2Sg$S8!3 i Tji t~ 00 CO i N ocoin CSOOOO O3 OO O5 CO CO i-l i CO OO O CO >CO'*J(!MOT*< CO C^ I O t- -* t~ M t> CO C5 1C rH Tj< CO CO "* CO CO t- T*< S^I COI>-CMCO .in^JCOCOOOCOClOS^TC^^Mr- tt^-CJCOt^OOrH^OO rH CO n CO CO (M O r-. lO t~ W CM OO O5 00 OOOJ co'co't-^'n" ! o"r^co'^"co"orc^oTco''co"'arorcxrco"-H'rH"co'c^rorco~ C*COOOCO *^^lCOCOO5*^OOt^-COOO^It^-COC^3C75rHCMOCO CCD0500 .0)C-COt-CO-~Gc~oo~t>~oo~af Wco~cf oo~>n~o'evf co" rH rHCMC'l^i-H rH r-*rH O , , i , ,-H , -o i C^J tOO i CO I CM CO f C5 C^3 0> .in .05 .^f "* -CO ,*# .TTt-00005 10 -CO ,^". .^- ; rH rnrH,, CCOCOCOin C t- .CO O > O O xt*t C^ oo -* * -* !N > 05 ^ t- CO CO CO l> ^ t n"^" ff-i"co"in'o(rn"n"crrH'orrH'i-roo" OCO OOt>C5CCOCOrHCrH OC~IOCxl IO H t~ rH ~ r-oocsooooir-ioocDac.-ioe<5i6 t- 00 OO t> O O O O > t> IO O IO CM lM CO QJ CO CO ca. lud *** TJ."CO"CO' fO'co'cxflM" Ttri-rrH'r-ri-TrH'l-rT-r all ot wool t It gs ^& !!! !!!!!!] !!I!!!!!!t!! I!!!!!!! a tim 8 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. OOOTt< rH *" O5 30 CD CO'MO'*$ < CCC s; ICO -Hin(35Oi~iooon r-i t~ -J< 10 00 !M O t- O5 O CO l> t- << 3e ss-si * * * " TO ^"ocT mm a* -*'o"eis'o'ort>'ao' i TJ< m o 10 eo I --( O CO rj< rH ' n o so i*< os N ;|!|||f| S 1 10 w""* irTm-oT rT 1 ^ 92 W 09 - ca t~ io M ! * t- (M ^H T o" o" cT > t co 05 o CO 00 CO C- - .ococi^HCSf^ooroocc ^ci"*:^!-* T CM" ~ i-" cs" cT o" to" cT -*~ IrHOOr-ITrt-^-^SNlCO ~in o~'*"eo~o"p'croo"!-r-*i : "' IcC i-T i " oT w" t>" o" ^ !>" QO~ oo" oo" "*" in" irf" WrH^O^ r^O^ > CO CO !S v "i T cf m" co" otT oo" w"cf -^~ O ^1 5O > *l O i-H JTOlMCO co" It 4 If e ICDOCO ) t* CO t^- > oo o TJI w ?o> d ^4 irq N as -^cdi>Iooosoi^( ICOSCOOCOGOOOOOOOOCOOOOOOOOOo' 10 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. C>t-l-C5t~Ot~OCOCO r o* t^T ifT o*" cT TT* cc" cc~ -^T erf , co t? CM C5 o M co :o c| t~ ; i-( r-i 00 1-1 C<1 W W CM W CO COCMCOt-OJMOD- "c^f o~5O~c^"cf'*'o' co""T)Tco"o"cc"'- : "t-"co'"?a r-'^To'co" to t^ tei ;r-ib-cI>-O^C5 t^OOO^r^-rt* rH o eo oo cc .coosccwv O C3 od"-^ :gS : :S3 : : :g2; mCO!Mt>rHCOCOCO ssfS'gSafs'grf I rH 00 CO C5 ^ -H TT t . r^ t~- ^ 1-^ .CO N O CO (M ' ^ oc" :~r ; " ^ : :S CO C5 O CO -CM --M C> 'CM 't~ : : T< Tjt ! t- cT ^co" ; w" S :S :S IS cS | i-l O> CM rf Tf CO O T!< | | Tf -CM jO + ''.','. '. co'to'o'o'in'oo"' *"CM" ' co" ' r-T i-T ....j.t^f-coooiin CM I!;;;!!!! I! 10 ', !i I (T1 CM Svl CM C^l CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO T r*< 'H^ Tf* ^h -rf -rf Tf 1 T^ rt" l"^ t i ~ '"'' i " i': i^ i^ lO 1C L^ ' loacooococoooooooccoocococcccceccooco oooocococooooocoooooococcocccooococot WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. j o -^t 1 co T>I o ^-* ro ^ 'M ^i c>- o h- 10 -" r-H O O :M OC I f C~. r- "* 7-1 C5 ' (M Oi t- CC -0 TJ. t- 00 C- rf t- CO CM" m" t-" cfr-T 10" co" lo'tfTcTm" co""o"t-"co"t-"Tr"co"cc"o~cr;A rH r-l (M r-l r-l S\J r-l rl r" tno' i SSS cj s>r i osco :?*ss25Ssg [ ^i Is ll ill If s Is I i s tf i' 1 1' I s S i if si 1*1" I Iff is 11 1" ' *" o~ co" r^~ oi" t--" eo'i-To" co" t-"M" in"i-rr-"rH"wr-"?s"c:~nroo"OrJcc"srs'i S :S :^2 g is :S ;S_ |S ; :i :t 'S :3 :| : in i . 10 r>- r ?i ' t'- 'CO -rp OO c^i lO * cn o . 10 o co 00 94 -CO ' CC C5 Ol ' CO ' 5J Js :g :S3 :S : : :s Cl* O 1C !O l~-" O OO* t-^ CI TH r-l M b- O CO i-i CO ift Tj< CO l5 CO T IM CO lOCjccoo^cocc^io^oi^in^coccoiociccoccooocooc^t^'ri'ininocooi-icico^c ^ CT '" t^ -rt in O C-5 -M O CV * CO 1^ "* C o" co" " co" t> co" m" co" cf --" o" 7-f co" cT 5 '- 1 '-'h-OOe5CIDC5OO~- SCO O O -^ lO O t~ ^ -^ CC O < O ^ O OT O? O CC O CO - 1 O ? J O -* -^ -^ O CO O t~ O Tj< CO -^ l~ IO l^- l" W O S * W S 09 ^ rt ^ 0> W rH B N T- rt -! C i-l & * Gl O i5 1 00 S O i-3 ? SS t 5*8 U C "S 1 ^*' O ilis r-T CO CO ' O CO 1- ( CO ' O L~O > .-1 -^""r-l C5 O CO C-1 -TfTm !M T)<" \t O ^< .rl -O -OOCt^i S ;- :- :s-g" ' ci ! o 'Sib co i o -*' o -co oo in" co IM t>" OS 'r-l 'CO -t--Or-l W r-l CO : ~ -to i-T '. CM"rH"'M""in cf S :S :S :SS33 t~ .10 .0 i rf t- m oo * co" -in" I -^" ' co"in"co~in"'*~ CM CH C3 W l< -H CO OO ^ O O O ^ ^-1 t~ t^- O ^H t^ t^ << -f CO O CO -H C5 CO "ft CO O rH >*< t-~ t^ TJ O -^ O O t- r-l O O OS rH C5 t- t~ * rH O O ** (N Jvl rH ~co tf t*- co t-T in m >c co*co~^i -f ^H'O'N' COO5 CSCOrHr t CCCJOOO-^CSCO'^'^I* <-jT-nsMo o g IN 16 co weni-icj coTj(-^cot^ >scocc i e S S r- ;* 2i co ^ So to" cT co" T-T m" .-T co" **" cT " cT oo" m" ^T i CMrtiH'Mi-lC^lOL--Cr5C5 lOCI li-lr-c^miMSMr-ISMSVJ K5OfO l CC C?5 1^ l'*r-(iOC'io co m c. o cs * m d co" c-r-Tef r-T r-T r-T t-7 cj co cr .-Tin r-Tcd' CM" --"co"cfcM"M"ctotot--t^^l^-r--t s --t^-i^-r--i^i^oocoQConff3'jnr^oo OaCOJCOCOOOCOCCCCCOCOCCCX)CCOCCCOCOCOCCOOCOCOCOQOCOOOCOCOCOCOOOCOCOCOCOCO II 2*. B ScS ue o wool given, e ^Includ ntity n not giv ated, d Include olocjudes $2.27 c Quan Medite g. a- Ii Q. &2 /Q & 2 i il tsPM II 15 is a'S I! ** S g 13 ^S be'o w agb- rjj r3 :^ CO iOO3in?Oi linOiCiLOt^r- i-IOeOr-;OCOi-i r-l I CO OO m OS Tn~ ' \n" -n" I in" ! m~ ' n t-" ' t~co"of ' o" co" ' ' cTm" *" co"r-T SlO T|1 CO iiH -IO * in iCJ i' .* ^ .t-.m'*MOi-iN co" < oo" 'ieT oi"(M~!-rcTcNf in~rf cc'co'cr co^wrHN^co g c (-5 to C CO I >^)COOCOCDOI^(>-t*tl JOOOOOOCOCOCOOOCOOOOOI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 13 T-^SOCOOOCO ft "0 -* L- t- 10 o in o o r i TT * iO~ CO" t-~ 668S! 14 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 94- " cf-T w m" co" m" CD" of o o"oo"r-Too"c-- Late and North border ports. - C-OOO t-OOO OOCOOC^OiCC;^l^^lC^ i- c .1 ct x S x *? o -5 2* t> u-l i OCO Hi-iT(r O % ' t> . O . C5 t- i itf :s :8 in co o i in o i C-i" 94-CO"oo"- i-i c-omcooo IM eo'aTco'io" in r^ m TJ< m CO i5 : is ^1 s co co co in S co o t^ oo o efcfoo"t--T cc'cs" *" "in" T>(T>-C094 (MOOQOrH other ports. ^^ ! |?3 jS JC4 | 00 *i : :**\ I 01 " : C) : : : : : O CO i^t* .10 .10 .t- .CO Corpus Christi, Tex, in co os m co o t- co co" - co o ci so co o (M" C5 Tjt W CO CO * -1 CO CO CO -* m o c: ao m ^H in o coccscocot ooiniHt co m oo * m Tjt ^ d T 94wSS co co Ig^cf^" moco'co^i bC i l 1^ WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. 15 > i IQ CD *O CO O C I CO L ss"as"5"ss"^a" CO O t~- I- O OS CO 00 I- Tf> co" in" re" cf " o" c^r x" co" co~ jnOOr^COCO wi CO "^ CO giisisne t-** o* ^ *?$ c^i* ccf o"-*"oc"oo" ^NCOrS^rH SSS1SSSSI1 "^ c\j ^< co ib in" oT t- C5 CC L^ q< |> 00 00 i-Ti-T i-j's^Ti-T gggoS i III! cfeo'rft-" .-i M C5 rr rt r-( CO"CC -H iliii i Illl ***s* SSln TT< rfsfs'5 ^ScoS""* i^S OOfOCOC-ltO ccocor Tf eo"ao~eo%-r5'.-riri'ri'i-r O L- O O S-1 (O 53 O CO M ^P P5 r-( 20. 2 1874. . 181, 000, 000 1875 . 54, 901, 760 235, 991. 760 178,034 3,567,627 3, 745, 661 232, 156, 009 23. 3 1875. . 192, 000, 000 1876. . 44, 642, 836 236, 692, 836 104, ?68 1,518,426 1, 623, 194 235, 019, 642 18. 9 1876. . 200, 000. 000 1877. . 42, 171, 192 242,171,192 79,599; 3,088,957 3, 168, 5561 239, 002, 638 17. 4 1877. . 208, 250, 000 1878. . 48, 449, 079 256, 699, 079 347,854 5,952,221 6,300,075 250,399,004i 18. & 1878. . 211, 000, 000 1879. . 39, 005, 155 250, 005, 155 60,784 4,104,616 4, 165, 400 245,839,7551 15.6 1879. . 232, 500, 000 1880. . 128, 131, 747 360, 631, 747 191,551 3, 648, 520 3,810,071 356,791,676 35.5- 1880. . 240, 000, 000 1881. . 55, 964, 236 295, 964, 236 71,455 5, 507, 534 5, 578, 989 290,385,247! 18.9 1881... 272, 000, 000 1882. . 67, 861, 744 339,861,744 116,179 3,831,836 3,948,015 335, 913, 729J 20. 1882... 290, 000, 000 1883. . 70, 575, 478 360, 575, 478 64, 474 4, 010, 043 4, 074, 517 356,500,961) 19. & 1883... 300, 000, 000 1884. . 78, 350, 651 378, 350, 651 10, 393 2, 304, 701 2, 315, 094 376, 035, 557 20. 7 1884... 308, 000, 000 1885. . 70, 596, 170 378, 596, 170 88, 006 3, 015, 339 3, 103, 345 375, 492, 825 18. 7 1885... 302, 000, 000 1886. . 129, 084, 958 431, 084, 958 146, 423 6, 534, 42C 6, 680, 849 424,404,1091 29.9 1886... 285, 000, 000 1887. . 114, 038, 030 399, 038, 030 257, 940 6, 728, 292 6, 986, 232 392, 051, 79* J 29.1 a Year ended September 30, 1840. NOTE. The data as to the production have heen furnished by Mr. J". R. Dodge, statistician of the- Department of Agriculture. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 17 No. 4. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF IMPORTED WOOLS, HAIR OF THE ALPACA, GOAT, AND OTHER LIKE ANIMALS ENTERED FOR CONSUMP- TION IN THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING BOTH ENTRIES FOR IMMEDIATE CON- SUMPTION AND WITHDRAWALS FROM WAREHOUSE FOR CONSUMPTION ; ALSO SHOWING THE RATES OF DUTY AND AMOUNTS OF ACCRUING DUTIES, DURING THE YEARS ENDING JUNE 30, FROM 1867 TO 1886, INCLUSIVE. NOTE. The kinds of wool embraced in each of the classes of wool are prescribed by the tariff as follows : Class 1, clothing wools : That is to say, merino, mestiga, metz, or metis wools, or other wools of merino blood, immediate or remote, Down clothing wools, and wools of like character with any of the preceding, including such as have been heretofore usually imported into the United States from Buenos Ayres, New Zealand, Australia, Cape of Good Hope, Russia, Great Britain, Canada, and else- where, and also including all wools not hereinafter described or designated in classes 2 and 3. Class 2, combing wools : That is to say, Leicester, Cotswold, Lincolnshire, Down combing wools, Canada long wools, or other like combing wools of English blood, and usually known by the terms herein used, and also hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Class 3, carpet wools and other similar wools : Such as Donskoi, native South American, Cordova, Valparaiso, native Smyrna, and including all such wools of like character as have been heretofore usu- ally imported into the United States from Turkey, Greece, Egypt, Syria, and elsewhere. 1867. Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Rates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. 1. Clothing wools: Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Value over 32 cents p. Ib lOc.p.lb. &11 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. Pounds. 567, 010 703, 346 Dollars. 149, 663 74 265,945 67 'Dollars. 73, 164 01 110 996 09 Total class 1 1 270 356 415 609 41 184 160 10 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib lOc. p. Ib. & 10 p. c 150 302 31 827 10 18 9 12 91 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. Ib . 3c.p.lb .. 13 986 817 1 440 745 92 419 604 51 Value over 12 cents p. Ib Cc.p.lb 22, 276, 072 3, 891, 290 43 1, 336, 564 32 Value 12 cents or less p. Ib (Sec." 4c. p. Ib 38 00 2908, Rev. Stat.) Total class 3 36 263 017 5 33 9 074 35 1 756 173 95 wools ............. 37 683 675 5 779 510 86 1 958 546 96 Sheep sMns and Angora goat-skins, with the wool or hair on, washed 20 p c 324 967 56 64 993 51 Do 30 p. c 16 964 27 5 089 28 5102 woo] 18 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, &c., 1867 TO 1886 Continued. 1868. "Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Kates of duty. Qnantities. Values. Amount of duty received. -lass No. 1. Clothing: wools : lOc p Ib & 11 p c Pounds. 4 461 512 Dollars. 833 083 68 Dollars. 537 790 40 Value over 32 cents p. Ib Scoured Value (before scouring) over 32 cents p. Ib .. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. 36c. p. Ib. & 30 p. c. 219, 916 251 85, 363 74 141 00 37, 252 62 132 66 Total class 1 4 681 679 918 588 42 575 175 68 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Value over 32 cents p. Ib lOc. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 22 p. c. 1, 801. 358 2,914 331, 961 81 353 00 216, 651 60 427 34 Total class 2 1,804 272 332 314* 8i 217 078 94 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p Ib 3o. p. Ib 9 020 818 966 594 00 270 624 54 Value over 12 cents p. Ib Value 12 cents or less p Ib (Sec 6c.p.lb 4c p ib 9, 000, 893 74 ggg 1, 728, 526 60 9 647 00 540, 053 58 2 995 56 2908, Rev. Stat.) Total class 3 18 096 600 2 704 767 60 813 673 68 wools 24,582 551 3 ,955 670 83 1 605 928 30 Sheep-skins and Angora goat-skins, with the wool or hair on, washed or unwashed 20 p c 777 00 155 40 Do 30 p. c... 129 982 45 38 994 74 1869. Class No. 1. Clothing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib lOc.p.lb &llp.c. 12c p Ib & 10 p c 2, 435, 202. 50 76 999 477, 222 64 28 492 00 296, 014 74 12 089 08 Total class 1 2 512 201 50 505 714 64 308 103 82 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Value over 32 cents p Ib lOc. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p c. 3, 956, 048. 50 577 318 893, 157 83 199 139 28 493, 852 21 89 192 09 Total class 2 4 533 366 50 1 092 297 11 583 044 30 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : 3c p Ib 19 003 481 2 038 131 05 570 104 43 Value over 12 cents p. Ib 6c.p.lb 8, 646, 890 1,614,951 00 518, 813 40 Total class 3 27 650 371 3 653 082 05 1 088 917 83 Total unmanufactured wools 34 695 939 5 251 093 80 1 980 065 95 Sheep-skins and Angora goat-skins, with the wool or hair on, washed 30 p c 561 936 43 168 580 93 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 19 No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, &c., 1867 TO 1886 Continued. 1870. "Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Kates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. 1. Clothing wools; lOo p Ib & 11 p c Pounclg. 5 835 879 Dollars. 997 692 08 Dollars. 693 334 03 "Value over 32 cents p. Ib ..... 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. 694 614 251 460 00 108 499 68 Total class 1 6 530,493 1 249 152 08 801 833 71 Class No. 2. Combing wools: Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Value over 32 cents p. Ib lOo. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. o. 1, 973, 194 779, 374. 50 479, 265 55 285 881 76 250, 038 61 122 113 12 Total class 2 2 752 568 50 765 147 31 372 151 73 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : 3o p Ib 23 902 021 50 2 505 413 00 717 078 65 Value over 12 cents p. Ib Total class 3 6o.p.lb 5, 448, 384 29 351 005 50 910, 611 00 3 416 024 00 326, 903 04 1 043 981 69 Total unmanufactured wools 38, 634, 067. 00 5, 430, 323 39 2, 217, 967 13 Sheep-skins and Angora goat-skins, with the wool or hair on, washed 30 p c 1 577 110 14 473 133 04 1871. Class No. 1 Clothing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib . . . . Value over 32 cents p. Ib Scoured Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being scoured). Washed Value 32 cents or less 'p. Ib. (before being washed). lOc. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. 30c. p. Ib. & 33 p. c. 20c.p.lb. &22p.c. 5, 848, 203. 25 82,494 3,334 23, 430 1, 162, 087 85 30, 829 00 1, 216 00 7, 068 00 712, 650 00 12, 982 18 1, 401 48 6, 240 96 Total class 1 5 957 461 25 1 201 200 85 733 274 62 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Value over 32 cents p. Ib lOc. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p . c. 17, 431, 746. 50 233, 853 3, 081, 672 82 86, 162 00 2, 082, 158 66 36 678 56 Total class 2 17 665 599 50 3 167 834 82 2 118 837 22 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : 19 658 743 2 072 516 46 589 762 29 Value over 12 cents p Ib 6c. p.lb . . . 6 892 252 1 263 122 00 413 535 12 Total class 3 26 550 995 3 335 638 46 1 003 297 41 Total unmanufactured 50 174 055 75 7 704 674 13 3 855 409 25 3 563 00 356 30 Sheep-skins and Angora goat-skins, with the wool or hair on, washed or unwashed 30 p o 2 197 793 90 659 338 17 20 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, .&c., 1867 TO 1886 Continued. 1872. "Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Rates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. 1. Clothing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ih lOc. p. lb. & 11 p. c. 12c p lb & 10 p c Pounds. 14, 733, 970 1 983 186.50 Dollars. 3, 342, 687 58 793 oil 31 Dollars. 1, 841, 092 64 317 283 51 Scoured Value over 32 cents p. lb. (before being scoured). Washed Value 32 cents or less p. lb. (before being washed). Value over 32 cents p. lb. (before being washed) . 36c. p. lb. & 30 p. c. 20c. p. lb. & 22 p. c. 24c. p. lb. & 20 p. c. 679 122, 949 30, 547 259 00 J 33, 795 00 14, 207 00 322 14 32, 024 70 10, 172 68 Total class 1 16 871,331.50 4, 183, 959 89 2 200 895 67 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. lb. . Value over 32 cents p. lb Scoured Value 32 cents or less p. lb. (before being scoured) . Value over 32 cents p. lb. (before being scoured). lOc. p. lb. & 11 p. c. 12c. p. lb. & 10 p. c. 30c. p. lb. & 33 p. c. 36c. p. lb. & 30 p. c. 35, 873, 654. 50 5, 280, 738. 75 694 373 6,648,434 96 2, 303, 289 19 265 00 142 00 4, 318, 693 30 864, 017 57 295 65 176 88 Total class 2 41 155 460.25 8 952 131 15 5 183 183 40 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. lb Value over 12 cents p. lb Scoured Value over 12 cents p lb 3c.p.lb Gc.p.lb 18c p lb 17, 887, 464 18, 401, 384 293 1, 934, 673 30 4, 500, 674 00 121 00 536, 623 92 1, 104, 083 04 52 74 (before being scoured). Total class 3 36 289 141 6 435 468 30 1,640 759 70 Total unmanufactured wools 94, 315, 932. 75 19, 571, 559 34 9, 024 838 77 "Wool noils and pickings lOc. p. lb & 10 p. c. 33 17 00 5 00 Sheep-skins and Angora goat-skins, with the wool or hair on, washed or unwashed .. 30 p. c . 4,466 00 1,339 80 1873. Class No. 1. Clothing wools: Value 32 cents or less p. lb Do 10c. p. lb. & 11 p. c. lOc p lb. & 11 p c 272, 718 4 738 486 50 67, 759 27 1 183 443 61 34, 725 32 543 624 80 Value over 32 cents p. lb less 1 p. c. 12c. p. lb. & 10 p. c. 14, 030 8, 686 20 2,552 15 Do 12c p. lb. & 10 p c 708 517.50 339 739 86 107 096 56 Scoured Value over 32 cents p. lb. (before being scoured). Washed Value 32 cents or less p. lb. (before being washed.) Value over 32 cents p. lb. (before being washed). less lo p. c. 36c. p. lb. & 30 p. c. less 10 p. c. 20c. p. lb. & 22 p. c. less 10 p. c. 24c. p. lb. & 20 p. c. less 10 p. c. 3,332 258, 336 34, 068 1, 904 00 124, 767 00 17, 900 00 1, 593 65 71, 204 37 10, 580 70 Total class 1 6 029 488 00 1 744 199 94 771 377 55 Class No. 2. Combing wools: Value 32 cents or less p. lb Do lOc.p.lb. &llp.c. lOc. p lb. & 11 p. c. 1, 566, 377 42, 278, 227 350, 9G1 00 9, 597, 768 00 195,243 41 4,755 219 56 Value over 32 cents p. lb less 10 p. c. lc p. lb & 10 p c. 135, 306 67 824 00 23,019 12 12c p lb & 10 p c 5 558 537 2 705 681 00 843 833 35 Scoured Value over 32 cents p. lb. (before being scoured). less 10 p. c. 36c. p. lb. & 30 p. c. less 10 p. c. 1,784 1, 267 00 920 11 Total class 2 49, 540, 231 12, 723, 501 00 5. 818, 235 55 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 21 No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, &c., 1867 TO 1886 Continued. 1873 Continued. Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Kates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools-: Value 12 cents or less p. Ih Do . Sc.p.lb 3c.p Ib. less 10 p. c. Pounds. 447, 758 10 475 613 Dollars. 50, 482 78 1 247 781 70 Dollars. 13,432 74 282 841 66 Value over 12 cents p. Ib Do 6c.p.lb Gc. p. Ib. less 10 p.c. 5G9, 727. 50 17 149 764 120, 632 13 4 579 508 00 34, 183 65 926 087 31 Total class 3 28 64 862 50 5 998 464 61 1 256 545 36 Total unmanufactured wools 84, 212, 581. 50 20, 466, 165 55 7, 846, 158 46 TV^ool noils and pickings ........... 10 p. c. less 10 p c 192 00 17 28 1874. Class No. 1. Clothing wools : lOc. p. Ib. &llp. c. less 10 p. c. 12c.p.lb. & 10 p.c. less 10 p. c. 30c.p.lb.&33p.c. less 10 p. c. 3t5c. p. Ib & 30 p.c. less 10 p. c. 20c. p. Ib. &22 r>. c. less 10 p. c. " 24c. p. Ib. & 20 p.c. less 10 p. c. 1, 264, 904. 50 1, 087, 391 8,116 1,908 31,218 4,672 362, 292 55 431, 752 00 1, 674 00 880 00 16, 062 00 2, 646 00 149, 708 42 156, 295 94 2, 688 50 855 79 8, 799 54 1, 485 45 319, 833 64 2, 854, 373 80 218, 401 26 96903 Scoured Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being scoured). Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being scoured). "Washed Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being washed). Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being washed). Total class 1 2, 398, 209. 50 25, 560, 382. 50 1, 525, 055 2,000 815, 306 55 Class No. 2. Combing wools: Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Value over 3 cents p Ib lOc. p. Ib. &llp. c. less 10 p. c. 12c. p. Jb. & 10 p.c. less 10 p. c. 36o. p. Ib. & 30 p.c. less 10 p. c. 5,595,347 00' 596, f 14 00 1, 189 00 Scoured Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being scoured) . Total class 2 27, 087, 437. 50 6, 193, 150 00 3, 073, 744 09 397, 733 35 679, 170 30 Class No. 3. Carpet and other sim- ilar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. Ib Value over 12 cents p Ib. 3c. p. Ib. less 10 p. c. 6c. p. Ib. less 10 p.c. 14, 730, 863 12, 577, 227 1, 774, 327 01 2, 829, 083 00 Total class 3 27, 308, 090 56, 793, 737 4, 603. 410 01 1,076,903 65 Total unmanufactured wools ...... ... 11,611,866 56 4, 470, 481 38 "Wool noils and pickin ^s .... 10 p. c. less 10 p. c. 460 00 41 40 22 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, &c., 1867 TO 1886 Continued. 1875. Wools, hair of the alp % aca, goat, and other like animals. Rates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. 1. Clothing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. ..... lOc. p.lb. & 11 p.c. Pounds. 1 479 650 Dollar g. 378 570 53 Dollars. 189 607 76 Do lOc p Ib &11 p c 9 975 654 2 564 249 51 1 151 669 52 less 10 p. c. 12c p Ib & 10 p c 65 376 7 045 07 10 549 63 Do . 12c. p.lb. & 10 p.c. 1, 582 453 625 248 00 227 177 30 Washed Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being washed). Do less 10 p. c. 20c. p.lb. & 22 p.c. 20c. p. Ib. & 22 p. c. 646 13, 585 315 00 6, 848 00 198 50 3 801 22 Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being washed). less 10 p. c. 24 c. p.lb. & 20 p.c. less 10 p. c. 315 259 00 114 66 13 117 679 3 602 535 11 1 583 118 59 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib . ... lOc. p. Ib & lip. c 172 262 55 531 00 23 334 61 Do lOc. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 5, 308, 266 1 183 591 00 594 919 48 less 10 p. c. 12c p Ib & 10 p c 266 963 111 689 00 43 204 46 Do 12c p Ib & 10 p c 2 0' J 1 666 802 450 00 290 560 44 less 10 p. c. Total class 2 7 769 157 2 153 261 00 952 018 99 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. Ib Do Sc.p.lb 3c. p. Ib. less 10 p. c. 4, 606, 453 17 207 295 569, 179 00 2 129 832 70 138,193 59 464 597 07 Value over 12 cents p. Ib Do Gc.p.lb 60. p.lb less 10 p c 1, 450, 322 7 535 388 314, 984 00 I 458 830 00 87, 019 32 406 910 98 Total class 3 . . 30 799 458 4 472 825 70 1 096 7 9 96 Total unmanufactured 51 686 294 10 228 621 81 3 631 858 54 1876. Class No. 1. Clothing wools : Value 32 cents or less p.lb Do lOc.p. Ib. & 11 p.c. lOc. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 4, 756, 911. 50 3 093 767.50 1, 109, 456 33 784 738 00 597, 731 36 356 128 15 Value over 32 cents p Ib less 10 p. c. 12c. p Ib. & 10 p c 779 286 50 286 617 00 122 176 10 Do 12c p Ib & 10 p c 3 816 1 643 00 560 00 Scoured Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being scoured). Washed Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being washed). Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being washed). less 10 p. c. 30c.p. Ib. & 33 p.c. 20c.p.lb. & 22 p.c. 24c.p.lb. & 20 p.c. 2,332 7,248 4 1, 598 00 3, 659 00 2 00 1, 226 94 2, 254 58 1 36 Total class 1 8 643 365.50 2 187 713 33 1 080 078 49 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Do .... 10c.p.lb.&llp.c. lOc p Ib & 11 p c 449, 262 86 656 131, 562 00 21 947 00 59, 398 02 8 351 79 Value over 32 cents p. Ib less 10 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. c 2, 631, 333 999, 952 00 415, 755 16 Scoured Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being scoured). 36c. p. Ib. & 30 p.c. 56 43 00 30 99 Total class 2 . . 3 167 307 1 153 504 00 483, 535 96 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 23 No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, &c., 1867 TO 1886 Continued. 1876 Continued. Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Rates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. Ib Do Sc.p.lb 3c. p. Ib. less 10 p. c. Pounds. 14,431,527 675, 291 Dollars. 1, 747, 976 45 89 651 (JO Dollars. 432, 945 81 18 232 87 Value over 12 cents p. Ib Do 6c.p.lb 11, 903, 130 1 806 2, 501, 185 00 144 00 714, 187 80 97 52 Value 12 cents or less p. Ib. (Sec. 4c. p. Ib 1 453 251 207 442 00 58 130 04 2908, Rev. Stat.) Total class 3 28 465 005 4 546 398 45 1 223 594 04 Total unmanufactured 40 275 677 50 7 g87 615 78 2 787 208 49 1877. Class No. 1. Clothing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib ..... lOc. p. Ib. & 11 p. c. 9, 175, 219 50 2 160 119 32 1 155 135 07 Do lOc p Ib & 11 p c 58 442 15 220 00 6 766 56 Value over 32 cents p. Ib Scoured Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being scoured). "Washed Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being washed). Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being washed). less 10 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. 36o.p.lb. & 30 p.c. 20c.p.lb. & 22 p.o. 24c.p.lb. & 20 p.o. 49, 981. 25 130 9,777 479. 50 22, 173 00 67 00 4, 806 00 254 00 8, 215 05 66 90 3, 012 72 16588 Total class 1 9 294 029 25 2 202 639 32 1 173 362 18 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Do 10c.p.lb. & 10 p.c. lOc p Ib & 11 p c 1, 083, 513. 50 1 426 440 50 385, 310 00 445 405 00 168, 552 62 191 638 60 Total class 2 2 509 954 830 715 00 360 191 22 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. Ib 3c. p Ib . . 18 952 776 2 182 817 26 568 583 28 Value over 12 cents p. Ib ........ 6o.p.lb 9 077 737 1 753 990 00 544 664 22 Value 12 cents or less p. Ib. (Sec. 4c p Ib 279 898 42 810 00 11 195 92 2908, Rev. Stat.) Total class 3 28 310 411 3 979 617 26 1 124 443 42 Total unmanufactured wools. ................ 40 114 394. 25 7 012 971 58 2 657 996 82 24 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, &c., 1867 TO 188G Continued. 1878. Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Rates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. I. Clothing wools: lOc p Ib & 11 p c Pounds. 9 338 199 25 Dollars. 2 214, 233 40 Dollars. 1, 177,385 61 Do lOc. p Ib. & 11 p. c. 49, 345 14,097 00 5,836 65 Value over 32 cents p. Ib less 10 p. c. 12c. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. 483, 842 182,810 00 76,342 04 Scoured Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being scoured). Washed Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being washed). Value over 32 cents p. Ib. (before being washed). Total class 1 30c. p. Ib. & 33 p. c. 20c. p. Ib. & 22 p. c. 24c. p. Ib. & 20 p. c. 4,037 40, 488 101 9 916 012.25 1, 863 00 17, 960 00 80 00 2 431 013 40 1, 23 89 12, 048 80 40 24 1 273 479 23 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Valife 32 cents or less p. Ib Do lOc. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. lOc. p. Ib, & 11 p. c. 951, 487 2, 077, 382 336, 219 00 6:J3, 404 40 147, 800 34 277, 419 29 Total class 2 3, 028, 869 9(J9, 683 40 425, 219 63 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. Ib Value over 12 cents p.lb 3c.p.lb 6e.p. Ib 19, 855, 982 7, 000, 298 2, 233, 597 89 1, 361, 042 00 595, 679 46 420, 017 88 Total class 3 26, 856, 280 3, 594, 639 89 1, 015, 697 34 Total unmanufactured 39 801 161 25 6 995 366 69 2 714 396 20 1879. Class No. 1. Clothing wools: Value 32 cents or less p. Ib Value over 32 cents p Ib lOc.p.lb. &llp. c. 12c p Ib & 10 p c 5, 173, 616. 20 50 714 $1, 091, 135 01 20' 031 00 637, 386 48 8 088 78 Scoured Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being scoured) . Was bed- Value 32 cents or less p. Ib/ (before being washed). Value over 32 cents p.lb. (before being washed). 30c. p. Ib. & 33 p. c. 20c. p. Ib. & 22 p. c. 24c. p. Ib. & 20 p. c. 229 5,328 100 166 00 2, 913 00 56 00 123 48 1, 706 46 35 20 Total class 1 5 2 9 9 987. 9 1 114 301 01 647,340 40 Class No. 2. Combing wools : Value 32 cents or less p. Ib lOc. p. Ib. & 10 p. c. lOc p Ib & 11 p c 89, 438. 25 1 618 587 34, 727 00 378 207 71 14, 205 29 203 461 56 Scoured Value 32 cents or less p. Ib. (before being scoured). 30c. p. Ib. & 33 p. c. 1,576 826 00 745 38 Total class 2 ] 709 601. 25 413 760 71 218, 412 23 Class No. 3. Carpet and other simi- lar wools : Value 12 cents or less p. Ib Value over 12 cents p. Ib 3c.p. Ib 6c.p. Ib 29, 641, 993 3, 521, 061 3, 350, 109 71 638, 642 00 889, 259 79 211, 263 66 Total class 3 33, 163, 054 3,988,751 71 1, 100, 523 45 Total unmanufactured 40, 102, 642. 45 5,516,813 43 1, 966, 276 08 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 25 No. 4. IMPORTED WOOLS, &c., ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION, &c., 1867 TO 1886 Continued. 1880. Wools, hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. Bates of duty. Quantities. Values. Amount of duty received. Class No. 1. Clothing wools : Value 32 cents or^less p. Ib Value over 32 cents p. Ib lOc. p. Ib. & lip. c. 12c. p. Ib. 2,566,264 France 2 203 9,436 China 141, 249 i England 142, GOO 283, 849 Belgium 166 552 11,617 > France 15, 224 > 193, 393 Brazil Brazil 62 354 431, 151 i England. 18, 812 512, 317 Denmark 19, 786 19, 786 Greenland England 156, 270 156, 270 France 100 739 1, 370, 966 1, 471, 705 French Possessions in French Possessions in 228 228 Africa. Africa. 8 770 6 216 2 841 4 719 30, 051 52, 597 England England 483 152 1, 939 357 1, 769, 129 4, 191, 638 Scotland Scotland 18 768 38 130 1, 671, 642 7 ' England 48 044 478, 391 2, 254, 975 Ireland 295 239 46, 334 341, 573 Nova Scotia ... Nova Scotia 406 406 British West Indies British West Indies 513 2,697 England 256 ? 3, 466 British East Indies England 3, 645, 174 ) British West Indies 18, 040 > 3,669,981 France 6,767 > British Possessions in British Possessions in 1 964 660 } Africa, Africa, Germany 48 757 \ J> 3,864,088 England 1 849 349 ( British West Indies 1 322 J British Possessions in 1 515 132 ) Australasia. Australasia. 3 096 857 4,611,989 British Possessions, all England...... 85, 097 85, 097 other. Greece England 4,674 France 27, 015 31, 689 Italy Italy 67,017 France 4, 195 71, 212 Mexico 29 29 Dutch West Indies Dntch West Indies 35 504 Italy 2,188 ? 37, 692 Peru Peru 183, 896 1 England 5,323 189, 219 Portugal England 607, 697 607, 697 3,331 3,331 Russia on the Baltic and England 1 406,332 White Seas. France 50 661 j> 2,584,941 157, 371 Denmark 970, 577 J Russia on the Black Sea. Russia on the Black Sea 141, 429 103, 724 Denmark 65, 127 Italy 2,531 10, 119, 596 England 9, 195, 412 France 611, 373 Turkey in Europe Turkey in Europe 46, 858 ) 140, 475 S 708, 971 England 7,639 513, 99!) Turkey in Asia England 9 456 4, 003, 519 i France 2, 039, 271 6, 052, 246 Turkey in Africa... England... 358, 324 358, 324 30 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 5. KINDS OF RAW WOOL, BY COUNTRIES OF PRODUCTION AND OF IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT, IMPORTED INTO NEW YORK, BOSTON, AND PHILADELPHIA, &c., 1882- 1887 Continued. 1882 Con tinned . Countries of production. Countries of immediate shipment. Class 1, clothing wools. . Class 2, combiug wools. Class 3, carpet wools. Total. United States of Colom- United States of Colom- Pounds. Pounds Pounds. 5 700 Pounds. 5 700 bia. Uruguay bia. 5 158 685 1 249 583 England 505 944 j 6,914,212 Venezuela 8 068 8 068 A sia, all other England 2 127 343 I ranee 184 081 \ 2,311,424 Africa, all other Africa all other 325 325 Total 15 937 274 2 348 313 46 467 646 64 753 233 1883. Argentine Republic 457 759 8 234 101 England .... ... 83 783 8, 775, 653 Austria 15 953 England 30 24 46, 177 Belgium Belgium 1 694 1 694 Brazil Brazil .288 863 980 206 1 269 159 Chili Chili 117,552 89l', 788 2 015 > 1 140 634 England ... 129 279 China China 389' 958 > England 309 406 > 699, 364 Denmark Denmark ... ... ..... 50 50 j 16 164 16, 264 Greenland and Iceland England 284 132 284 132 France France 14, 001 1 908 633 England 1 190 ? 1, 923, 824 French Africa France. .... .... 12 689 12 689 8 798 1 798 75 1 England 30 843 J 41, 514 897 589 1 959 815 1 776 413 4 633 817 Scot' and Scotland 68* 388 314 1 197 984 .England .... .......... 19, 043 1 065 461 I 2,351,190 Ireland 20 327 J .England ... 125, 828 160 544 J 306, 699 Nova Scotia 52 52 British West Indies British West Indies 822 1 28a England.... 192, 798 | 194, 900 82 82 British East Indies British East Indies . ... 18 544 318 926 ) 4 105 408 > 4 509 371 Scotland 66 493 British Africa British Africa 746 260 13, 943 49 320 2 056 134 England ... 1,246 611 1 087 079 England 4 008 908 5, 095, 987 Greece 44,432 27 164 71, 596 Italy- Italy .. 28, 692 ) 5 262 > 46 721 England 12, 711 815 588 Italy . .. 857, 564 20 904 Cuba . . Cuba 80 80 Turkey in Europe ..... 268, 101 France 6,645 5,807 1, 045, 560 1, 926, 148 Italy 600 035 Turkey in Asia .. Turkey in Asia 575, 042 1 3, 097, 688 [ England 12,424 90, 348 6, 485, 860 [10,290,571 Nova Scotia 29, 209 England... 239, 987 239, 987 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 31 No. 5. KINDS OF RAW WOOL, By COUNTRIES OF PRODUCTION AND OF IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT, IMPORTED INTO NEW YORK, BOSTON, AND PHILADELPHIA, &c., 1882- 1887 Continued. 1883 Continued. Countries of production. Countries of immediate shipment. Class 1, clothing wools. Class 2, combing wools. Class 3, carpet wools. Total. Pounds. 4 748 446 Pounds. Pounds. 1 172 267 Pounds. ) England 11 895 j 5,932,608 8 160 8 160 South. America other South America, other .... 251 j England 12 339 > 14 619 2 029 Asia all other France 217 218 ) 400 415 > 617, 633 Total 13 839 770 2 243 104 51 510 799 67 593 673 1884. Argentine Republic ..... 37, 693 5, 279, 290 30 360 18 545 5,365,888 Austria Austria 152 815 }" 96 871 England , 877, 688 630, 574 3 200 42 995 48 235 England 1,214 29 063 I 121, 507 Brazil Brazil 341 858 185 058 ) Belgium 782 > 527, 698 Chili Chili England ..... 77, 949 3 605 868, 879 439 126 \ 1,389,559 China China 4 556 691 415 1 England .... 504, 684 i, 200, 655 252 679 England . .......... 35 746 288, 425 310 054 Ireland . .... 19 595 [ 341 692 12 043 France . . ... France . 57 958 60 1, 380, 900 j 350 > 1,439,168 Germany .... Germany 7 594 2 Oil 82 642 ~\ 34 131 > 149 854 Belgium 23 476 England En "land 728 679 3 474 003 1 285 500 . Scotland 18 654 > 5,506,836 Scotland 3 988 329 % England 2 209 30 761 2, 406, 015 > 6,427,314 Ireland 41 534 507 Oil \ Scotland . ...... 4 953 553, 498 Nova Scotia 393 709 1 102 British West Indies British West Indies 722 200 200 > 1, 122 British East Indies England 16, 154 6,107,612 2 380 > 6,126,146 British Australasia British Australasia 3 905 490 j 8 784 136 240 70'? 201 365 ? 13, 131, 693 British Africa British Africa 725 001 England 830 768 21 290 42 088 1 653 247 Germany ... 34, 100 Greece 35 009 France 22, 859 57, 868 Italy Italy i, 113 111,015 112, 128 Dutch West Indies Dutch West Indies 32 374 En eland 400 | 32,774 Peru Peru 1 231 4 094 5 325 Portugal .... England 904 363 1 33 \ 905, 686 Azore Islands . 1 399 1 399 Russia on the Baltic Sea 117 106 England 1 575 680 3 003 2 169 5 9 4 France 31 781 441 954 Russia on the Black Sea Russia on the Black Sea 1 326 581 75 070 England 10 028,408 Germany 21 273 12 644 467 France ....... . .. .... 1, 179, 127 Denmark 1 733 Italy- -. 12, 275 Spain... England... 21. 164 21. 164 32 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 5. KINDS OF RAW WOOL, BY COUNTRIES OF PRODUCTION AND OF IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT, IMPORTED INTO NEW YORK, BOSTON, AND PHILADELPHIA, &c., 1882- 18d7 Continued. 1884 Continued. Countries of production. Countries of immediate shipment. Class 1, clothing wools. Class 2, combing wools. Class 3, carpet wools. Total. Turkey in Europe Turkey in Europe Pounds, Pounds. Pounds. 24, 044 Pounds. 1 37 701 2 337 18, 782 403 028 > 682, 106 Italy 196,214 j 1 112 447 > England 2 669 42, 744 4,453 501 729 294 6, 379, 844 Italy *^ 39 129 Turkey in Africa 5 157 911 507 916 664 1 438 569 1 160, 732 74 511 > 2, 673, 812 8 917 8 917 A sia all other England .. . . ..... 2, 062, 661 540 955 > 2, 603, 616 ' Total 17 177 706 4 391 141 52 502 425 74 071 9.72 1885. Argentine Republic Argentine Republic .... 371 696 9 851 121 45 865 Brazil 208 440 10,499,330 22, 208 Austria England 98 740 Germany ........ 44 585 141, H25 Belgium . ....... 199 493 29 931 159 424 Brazil . . 263 437 532 165 \ England 150 153 > 953 857 Germany 8 100 Chili Chili . . ". 1 702 697 * England 36 096 i f 1,738,793 China China 855 608 England 993 19, 315 380 216 1, 256, 132 Greenland England 58 387 58 387 France 11 236 1 03 677 j Belgium 8 257 England 21 709 \- 1, 121, 366 Scotland 47 487 J Germany Germany 9 027 4 130 541 ) England 28 584 61,456 121, 781 V 355, 970 France 4 577 England England ... 272 669 2 281 572 1 448 496 4,002 737 Scotland Scotland 1 272 5 440 4 009 6' ? 4 England 1 3'>4 659 ] 5,340,995 Ireland ... 144 827 27 969 172 796 Nova Scotia Xova Scotia *169 169 British West Indies British West Indies 709 289 998 British East Indies British East Indies 21, 455 En f land 6 605 4.604 763 > 4, 632, 823 Hong-Kong 7 607 7 697 British Australasia British Australasia 2 032 3' ; 9 ) England ... 3 59 482 33 312 V 5,866,210 Scotland 3 087 British Africa British Africa 786 852 ! England 187,742 9,338 3,295 > 987, 227 British Possessions, all England 30 729 113,388 144, 117 other. Italy Italy 488 488 Dutch West Indies Dutc h West Indies 26, 201 26, 201 Peru Peru 31, 672 31,672 Portugal England .... 494, 595 494, 595 .Russia on the Baltic Sea . Russia on the Baltic Sea 207 642 1 England 2,890,114 Denmark 548 771 J- 3 963, 018 Germany 166, 704 Belgium 149 787 j Russia on the Black Sea. Russia on the Black Sea 1 195 377 England 10,587,811' Belgium 824 009 12, 797, 472 Denmark 77, 878 France . 112 397 Spain England 54 783 France 29 876 84, 661 Porto Rice Porto Rico 40 40 Turkey in Europe England . 170 84 456 345 319 ) Italy 92, 424 ! > 531, 007 France 8,638 $ WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 33 No. 5. KINDS OF RAW WOOL, BY COUNTRIES OF PRODUCTION AND OF IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT, IMPORTED INTO NEW YORK, BOSTON, AND PHILADELPHIA, &c., 1882- 1887 Continued. 1885 Continued. Countries of production. Countries of immediate shipment. Class 1, clothing wools. Class 2, combing wools. Class 3, carpet wools. Total. Turkey in Asia Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 500 009 Pounds. 1 England 166 264 5 942 722 733 760 > 7 495 355 Italy 149 147 3 453 j En ""land ... .... ... 1,567 499 594 501, 161 2 305 462 1 250 693 Belgium 39 898 V 3,756,962 160 909 Venezuela Venezuela . ..... 14 3f=6 14, 386 Asia all other . . ... 841 858 841, 858 Total 10 348 033 2 820 074 54 611 122 67 779,229 1886. Argentine Republic Argentine Republic 1 641 918 10 329 595 1 Belgium 327, 699 2,056 16 571 j Brazil 11 370 171 477 113 906 165 France 326, 757 31 748 England 979 068 67 906 394 895 \ 5 432 V 541, 378 England . ................. 11, 763 129 288 Belgium 364 769 441 133 592 498 802 Brazil Brazil 1 056 306 467 474 *453 | 1,524,233 Chili Chili 170, 917 1 785 198 ) 102 630 > 2 208 903 Peru 150, 138 China 350 1 872 889 . England 33 1 657 492 > 3, 530, 764 Denmark 26 951 ^ England 1 586 28, 537 Green! and &c ...... 504 18^ \ Scotland 17 312 > 521, 496 France . 20 583 296 2 924 560 }" Germany 4 273 England ... 862 314, 594 3, 438, 224 Scotland 85 385 Italy 87 671 French Possessions in France 507 507 Africa. Germany Germany . 12 850 209 287 507 162 729, 299 England England 407 409 4 318 150 3 724 637 \ France 28 334 > 8 631 465 Scotland . 8 922 144 013 Scotland Scotland 141 895 5 284 807 j England 2 693 145 967 1, 696, 023 > 7,271,385 4 1 457 517 24 708 j Scotland 2,640 > 1,484,869 Xova Scotia, &c 81 353 434 British West Indies British East Indies British West Indies"."""."." France 1,230 248 1,957 69, 265 3, 435 ) England 45 811 11 493,184 >11 655 385 47, 125 British Possessions in British Possessions in 1 164 768 472 I Africa. Africa. France 91 732 Germany .... 1, 306 [2,750,413 England 1 377 421 43, 364 67, 225 4 125 British Possessions in Australasia. British Possessions in Australasia. Belgium 5, 384, 624 946 44, 184 [ 16, 577, 974 England . . 10, 811, 464 287, 563 49, 193 J Italy Italy 1,158 } France 1 577 V 19 876 England 17, 141 Mexico 158 306 464 Dutch West Indies Peru Dutch West Indies 1,296 12, 052 J3, 348 United States of Colombia 210 J 510 5402 WOOL 3 34 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 5. KINDS OF RAW WOOL, BY COUNTRIES OF PRODUCTION AND OF IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT, IMPORTED INTO NEW YORK, BOSTON, AND PHILADELPHIA, &c., 1882- 1887 Continued. 1886 Continued. Countries of production. Countries of immediate shipment. Class 1, clothing wools. Class 2, combing wools. Class 3, carpet wools. Total. Pounds. 604, 104 521 43, 577 1 1 > 6,643,738 J [ 13, 329, 470 J J 132, 264 } 749, 136 } 10, 244, 228 588, 236 13,378,272 155, 124 I 1,916,395 Portugal Pounds. Pounds. 9,585 Pounds. 594, 519 Azore, Madeira, &c., Isl- ands. Azore, Madeira, &c., Isl- ands. England 521 14, 524 29, 053 J92, 965 106, 299 140, 160 565, 324 197, 689 5, 441, 301 1, 578, 675 45, 762 1, 163, 057 10, 533, 021 71,659 60, 605 13, 314 6,332 46, 537 538, 362 791, 830 45, 852 1, 553, 423 6, 895, 995 28, 736 588, 236 492, 958 Russia on the Baltic and White Seas. Russia on the Black Sea. Spain Italy Russia on the Baltic and White Seas. Russia on the Black Sea. England ............... 8,955 England ... ..... Turkey in Asia ......... France 22, 339 122, 252 Turkey in Asia Turkey in Africa France 928, 392 Italy England 12, 222, 290 58, 288 454, 689 168 149, 879 141 968 Venezuela .. ... Argentine Republic Belgium Brazil England 13, 156 419,086 263, 939 1, 226, 104 Asia all other Total France England . 7,266 37, 143, 575 7, 626, 155 78, 353, 201 123, 122, 931 1887. Argentine Republic Argentine Republic...... 58, 682 6 214 685 j 232 007 30 744 > 6 559 588 Brazil 23 470 Austria 81 745 I England 4'?0 629 502, 374 Belgium . . Belgium . ... ....... 72, 358 8 753 6 598 | 87, 709 Brazil... Brazil . . 235 028 295 909 530 QQ7 Chili . .. Chili 520 059 9 Ou8 617 1 25 113 112 675 J 2,666,464 China China 2 047 067 1 England 5,012 1,011 393, 363 France 59, 933 500 585 3, 611, 892 556 018 Italy 48, 903 Denmark England 5 380 5 38Q Greenland, Iceland, and 608 012 608 012 the Faroe Islands. France France 6,131 13, 281 1,211,461 1 6 729 4ii6 419 Scotland 176 660 (, i 93] 334 10, 818 Belgium . 69 835 I Germany Germany ...... 15, 218 2,107 92, 079 382 957 ^ 492. 361 England England . ...... 60, 316 6, 815, 421 4, 373, 868 Scotland 139 976 Belgium . .. 7,285 11, 393, 791 iNova Scotia 5 925 Scotland Scotland 8,613 2, 832, 87." England... 5,428 2, 477, 469 J 5,324,385 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 35 No. 5. KINDS OF RAW WOOL, BY COUNTRIES OF PRODUCTION AND OF IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT, IMPORTED INTO NEW YORK, BOSTON, AND PHILADELPHIA, &c., 1882- 1887 Continued. 1887 Continued. Countries of production. Countries of immediate shipment. Class 1, clothing wools. Class 2, combing wools. Class 3, carpet wools. Total. Pounds. Pounds. 1 551 062 Pounds. Pounds. "NTova Scotia NoVa Scotia . ..... 491 4Q1 British West Indies British West Indies I 574 439 191 1 England 17 421 19, 625 British. East Indies British East Indies 75 ogg 58 450 12 738 506 Scotland 157 3' ; \ 13, 082, 465 France 52* 921 I British Australasia British Australasia 3 382 684 England .......... 5, 920, 076 21 525 > 9 32ft 467 4,182 British Africa British Africa 1, 552, 281 75 335 807 9 482 248 417 27 958 2, 188, 966 Denmark 14 946 British Possessions, all 170 170 other. Greece Austria .... .. ......... 10 070 10 070 Italy Italy 2 873 ) 11 065 } 13, 938 Hawaiian Islands 5 776 c 77ft Mexico 57 876 57 87fi Netherlands Netherlands 20 456 62 45 184 \ 65, 702 Dutch "West Indies Dutch West Indies 13 372 c Venezuela 4,262 J 17, 634 Peru United States of Colombia 1 635 I CDC Portugal England . ........ 2 292 684 313 1 Spain 9->6 \ 687, 531 Roumania England 6 104 Italy 43 157 49, 261 Russia on the Baltic Russia on the Baltic 139 432 England 3 183 180 Denmark 253 444 592 556 4 fifi*i ft34. Germany 410 205 Netherlands 39 460 Sweden and Norway 46 757 Russia on the Black Sea. . England .................. 2 932 14, 521, 307 Scotland 15 626 France 463, 465 Belgium 306 391 15, 364, 720 Germany 44, 258 Austria 10 741 Russia, Asiatic France 44, 439 44 439 Spain England 28 378 28 378 Turkey in Europe 162 394 360, 657 England 17 750 698 690 602 966 France 288, 636 Belgium 441 17 128 (2 053 m Germany 128 10,843 Scotland 441 Italy ... 93, 037 Turkey in Asia Turkey in Asia 4 367 1 448 312 \ Turkey in Europe 3 908 33, 471 1 14 875 754 570 12 881 486 Scotland 17fi, 634 M9 518 851 France 4 224 87 4, 179, 848 Belgium 6,427 Italy 10 642 Turkey in Africa England 4 7,346 j Italy 200 > 502 142 Spain 4,596 2 585 292 312 743 1, 618 1 562 2, 937, 056 Brazil 35, 841 Venezuela Venezuela....... .... 13, 817 13 817 Asia, all other England France ...... ....... 305 17, 782 2, 197, 414 321, 750 { 2 579 812 Russia on the Black Sea 42, 561 Africa, allother England 3,186 3 186 Total 15 064 659 10 168 344 83 472 499 108 705 502 36 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL (MiMe 2 'I S 1 2 i td"^H"t>"t>" "fo6~au"ciTift~cq~crco~;o~o6~^~are^fcrcrc'i'af evFi-Tco'ffi'i.iJ'ad'jo of ^PcTi-To" ' r-l r-( l-(r-lr-l 1-lSM i-iIMi-lt-1 1-li-lrHi-li-li-lrHCJlMnSCO ; r-i i-H - r-i ^ i-T co" ca" TjT *" co" *" t--" i-T ^T ^T 1 is in ^ ii-l -Hi-(S^^'CXO&(M ooao Co'rftfTi rHtCr>t-r< looacooocccboocajccooocooooS oC'SccSocor'Sxocciocci WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 37 o m <* o ^ ' r to" n o" T <-T in" cf o~ it" o~ ocoot2i5ooc3SoSoco^ooooo *" oo" co" m" oo" o" c el *- t> iO t> to A o> m N << 10 tfef^or^otf^e^tfg^^irfofg'ar^r.^r^VJ'-^jrTir-i'oro *H m e ^ea o oc^i" ^* es ci 3 10 wi i-t-( f-i T-I ^H rH co IH e SS2igoo5oiSoSoSSKcoSS?!'t2SooSS?::NS*Soo2! lOtlftfafyftfrtrf&tf "^*"S"co"5" N "rt"^" N "'*'" H '''~ ; " lC "S'2'":o r o r cf "i CO * O (M CO OO QO O r* t- CO l>- ' i-i-i oo * o 10 o oo r- o S S t~OOG-t -rf^J O O t- C-l r-l -O i lO(TJO'^OOC-JOC rl * - * CIS 'u';"x"croo' 't J Tf CO 00 CM 38 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. M v rn r-A -&* l f is: u o > S 31 n I! O O O O O O O O O O O O O O =3 O O O O O OO OOOOOOO .co^ocot^.-'tt^csr^-^'oc'aooTtiMTi.ooi^ioco T^cortonTjit^o 9S5*Cii5sooc-eows't-oO'**4'-^hoOi-ic6es m c^ ^< ^ oo oo J(M^S > JiM'MCOrO.~5CCC v 5COCO05CCO^)"^<'1' ** S ^ S 3! SI WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 39 oo* **cT -^" cxf ** " googoooooooogoooo 40 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Carpets and carpeting. Brussels and tapes- Treble ingrain try Brussels car- and worsted pet, and carpeting chain Venetian printed on the carpets and warp or otherwise. carpeting. 1 4 r,r>lrJ-nrrn e taS3n 8nd drugget8 ' Valued at $1.25 Valued at over ingram< or under $1.25 per per square yard. square yard. 1 33 t>5 i 1 i. 1 1 a;:;:::::::::::::;::::;: ::;;::: 1 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; !;;;;;: 1 till! PPi fl ia .2 wi I' 5 ' 1 1 % llSSilSilllSSSalSlg SiglSSS ^lligSllslgislssS^ 5 ^^^sss^i Brussels, Turkey, Wilton, and treble ingrain. 1 ? f 0* GQ CQtr^C^t^COiOOOl^-O^HOCOCOOOCiCOlOrJf C^f-HCOTjiCOf-^OO ooSSSSS*N5o2o3wooeoo3 SSoMt?ao li I: i I'll !i ii i : :i :l : : : I Jl j i j iili l| . ' ^1 S ::::::::::::::::::::: : ::::::: WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. 41 ill :g : : :S |ee I i :-c : :g : -n < re oo oo >ft oo <* sj .-H m o 10 ioo-rrt^cocoot ccoox: oj -= (N O 10 00 O rH <0 t- * .Ot- OMO |O J o CO t> ^f i lO CO OOOOOO t- OS * rt M O O t~ * ^rrTt-"o" _-- t - -f t- 1 < C5 r-l X O r-. CC rH t> i g'o't^'-^'^'ar w co w t- o> - OOCOCD-r+*O>^u*-^^-COi^aO-Ht^-Or- tX 05 TT 00 ^f 10 T* 05 t- 10 .- K !M 7-1 ri it. -H oS'-ir^csiMOot-o-. csm^SMcos^jiReasvi r-, O X wcoi-i o" t^" " cs" "rf i-T ov" s^i" " o" co~ r- cc cc * o o c>i T^ -* in -^< cccot~fOTj.co c^ccincQCC pae IOOJ&. jo 'sS o"-S w LH S fl - i i i i : i CO t*- oo c> o iH ( ' oo oc oo oo c 06 t *ir.K;t-.00<3o'-l< *CO-*lOSt>CO WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. 43 OOOOOOOOOJDrMO O C! CD t ****< T-OOCOO5COOOO(MCOC5 L- t~ r-i CO C-J rl oc in 11 oi ? i^ o 5f oo co c3 tH 2 ?- ,-H t-C-IOOO5U50OTJ"o"'-rco'cri-rrt"t>~i-rM" icTief crirfo" S"SS"J * 5 oo t- o O-^-^fMiO^M-^OOaCTHtO O o 03 ^> < ciOo^-coTj.p'S'Jtfjapes !M S t-- o cj t ioooococoo>eSeiMia'-( r< -x-/-> " r .-T c-f ro" co" o" o" Si m t^-*> m co 1 j j |g" co co QO o co ro I c I c I ; : : !SS~ orro'cg'in'cfr-^arco't-^' ' esPt-aggP-cCca - ; i! ; i ^ ; . ^ i i 1 ^ i i (>. . |S . 44 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. ! A -*eooo CO-^GO t-i-io SPoES&S ^WJVH-^-W^-e,- OlO 8 1-? -^OlO^r-l oo i-5 ^l> S i-t tt m * * to < (Mt-rHWlQOSCOOCM O I-- O 7J O ^ OO IfS t> O OO rl (M CO 1M ^< 00 JO W r-< O OD r^ O O -^ rH ^ *1 O CO ooaoooooaoSoooo SocaowocSoo'oooc' WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 45 : : tOi ll>;MCn"^"t^' o" eo'cT CO r TJ rt* c^j c^l X) r- i^-^ Ci 00 -"J- U5 O " rf sj (N W '-.' " cT ^T i-C cT -* 50 00 05 r-, ) to r > o> rj< O I O C CQ r}< !O tesmoirfr-ft^'aQG} i-HO^*cOi-Hrt^ 10 OS uS 30 ^ t- C^ t~ CM OO O fit Sis 3 : slLJllilJJlii OO C; t^ O O (T-'l CM->-IOOO < to IQ c OJ eo o t^ -^ O C*l 1x5 L^- CO 00 CO OO (M r-( O CO ift !O h- .-H l 10 CO 00 00 CJ OS rHOtOlOO s s s s a s a"^ ?s f s s )OO*OiOi-H liOO^TO t* i O CO O5 i-t O I> CO O CO I- *'cTco'^t'oo"'^rt^-'crcr b* f-00005C-OOW r-l > -w eo > ib oo co oo o lit 111 -Is- O'Se O O5 *C lO ^O O *(^ O CO Oi C^l r-f co ^eoSSSoSooccooo COCO5OCOCOO>l'-HO5iO COOO^O3^HOOOO .OOCOO-lOOrf-HCC O C5COM I- MIMCS I- -!-* t^^OCO^-il^lOCaCljO lOOCr^CSi-liHCOC-f-iCSCT rl r> 5 r-l SM CO CM S a : WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 47 t~- t- OC 00 * O5 O to oo 22 Ss w o 2 ^* -H*.rr^"cir-rcfo> of 33 3 t-OOC-OO t- sf :S t- co t> o ^< 1-1 co of :< 83 -^ Ci O CS l 1-1 oooosiOTh?JTj<-i oo'os IN inn off irf~ic rf O tfi O 1- p; (M 00~W ^- t^-OO T? ^.id 4J S o: s"S a 1sl!_ si I 1 i 1 n 0) *OCOrHI>r-ICOCOOOO T^r- oici^fioo5coo^ COWNb-CO^-OSOt- TSKoot2*ooSc? f g 1 i 1 g i i j i j | i i i | : | s ee e< S 8 CMoe > 5iofo^ ia '~ l c, Flocks, Year ending Pounds. :::::::::::::::::::;: *35i55S83SSS 00000006060000000600 WOOL AND MANUFACTUKES OF WOOL. 'os" cTac" rf jcTttf -""-H"^" n-^i .OCOCiCSOJOCOIDt-aCCOC COr-li-lr-l^-lfOlO-J'COCC-*( OS Ci . 10 OS Ci CO ef o" o" oT Jo" IN" t is isfs" :::::. ;rf*? : .-get i ?O CM Oi r I CM Ci CO CM i | CO p" t-~ oT oT T t-^" of o" *" t-T co" rf o" r*t-*^-f OiOCOOOC-tOS-ifCOCOIMTf-MT-l t- 35 55 MS cR S * w Ss 5 t- t>^ r-" vft" 10* oT r--" co" o" m" r-i" co" r-7 od" cOSOCOCOSNJCO^COr-llMCOCMin *" ocT o" QC" oo" ^rtC--iocco t-Ti-T o"o'c-'"rft co" ;:;::; ;SS ; ; : .g o > * > o :::::: :^r ::: :tc :& o i^" 52 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. w o ga O H 5 O O o m S " O 00 " of 3 S" OC O> 3 TJI m CO O i-H S 5 S m oo u," CO g CO- s 5 S i-H HO t^ O CO l^ i-H CO s s s 811 5: ^ N " S c ft ft ft >O o> ci c* ft ft ft ft o o o o c^i -3* -^ o r-l d 94 CM I 11 4S . a -^-J ~ 2 '-' "1?.| ^5S3S n ? = 5 IJ|| ![{{ ^^^lil 1 "Sls^-E? ^^sS ^ >>-> Valued at .above 60 ceeding 80 cents WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 53 8 & : 1 S ir t- > <^: CO l>- t C S 00 C 11 c* I i Jo O> OO 00 -^ OJ to i C ? rf C r- _ ' * ^ ^ 'I s- - P - s * ? > t" I I i c o \ 00 5 O O CO O c? o o oc IO t*- O O T* CO I- C ^ TT ? (T co- C* ?- [ r c ef S o - 0- Of 00 s I OO 00 " c- 1 00 s oo "3 -^ 1 3 S 1 i 5 I > > > S OC g Ci C IO ftj -^j. i 1 S t^ (X ir c^ i V c- CC o ? *< ? S s C ?- i <*< C i i S i ? t~ o o OS 00 <: c c 5 CO C C CO f 1 " s 2 c- ? o" oT s g g s t~- 8 c- 2 O! f i t~ s t-- 5" s M s - s o M 3 1 t p ] T; > d >t*> ^ , 1, > ,0 c H r/ c ^ s r* o^ 6- crd' 5 ft -5 ^ i O P .i-. ) p l ft t c. d ftft - c. p 1 ft c S ~l t- 1' ^ e - -C 5 Hf IT ^ c j y si M O a 1 c '-- Iss* ""a * c ^S jl N jfsfa! c ^ : 1 S 4 : 1 i ^1W "-* 91 c 2 &S^ H'P Valued at above 80 cci pound p 1 C c* 2 'c "c E- ting : And all stained, colo printed goods. i ^ |f* 03.9 t>I ^ lO c ^ 0-3 ^ 1 ,^ IIP ^sjgs' t^fj 1 (D ' P D ^!l! ,Q ^ O i< ^ i Sl?i Is j Is i ll_ ! 9f i Pf 1 51 i 11! "3 a o * fi |si PQ P ^ J Of wool, flax, or cott parts of either, orotl terial not specially ei fltAH or rtrnviftArl fnr ^.S^c ^ftO* Q - cSp 43 ft Sft '!;? Hi PH cS W WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. S S g! S 5! i - 00 So! *"" (M S S .22 ^ ^ CO C^J cc s s ^ CO ^ O o 1 I ^f C* p* 0,' " in t- 2 I | 1 Is" I 1 o i; 5 1 rf. i "-3 i g 2 5 g j i S 8 'i S of 9 . S SJ g S O) S 5 i K to O C^ B to 4) 55 30 " <> " oT 10" \ r- i r-T c< '. S S ^ c? jig || c\ 1^ 3 '& S t3 a P I s 1 s Of 1 " HO Oi ~~- S L- o ,-H rH 8 cd '&'-* ^ *~ co" r oo" cf TH t> Q 00 10 4 l^ CO" 00 00 ^ 1- CO c^ S 51 Tf O CO C\ S : o S 1 CO" 00" M S " s" ? > " c IJjf 1* J| .^ ii : i^ jl 4 } 4 1 S 3 ||i|||lj| Jflili P r^j 1^ h^cl P'TJ a p g5 3 ^-T Ji? "os J2 is ^.-2 ^^'g^j < rt'q >i"S *3 < '^ "" o S c p ^ 5 - 5" J= = "r *- oo " 42 "1 &" &~ ' H " a I 1 cP ^ ||Sl|l|j||illls O 5 ^ WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 55 T-f s s oo o tr- CO iO .-T efT CM CO 83 O . I lO TJ CM CM S ro o "S s~~ 8 !^^ >o woo O OO CO 10 OO.H o- Tw" S ^53 00" CM" CM" ef oT AftA oo P.P, A tip* 00 T3 P^ tj t.-'O .A ^ Sll s ^i ; 111 Is -i- 1 -"sa* fi"pi= >. S a -, ^ M d d r a 4 O h 'SO, O ^Ulii . bt-S 2 " bt o --.^4)^ R - a^ Ss r s .- a 1 5^ t^ COOjs'cSlM ffjf 20 cents . yards . Valued at abov per sq. yard . . 56 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. -J 00 CO v-l tf * tt 10 o o o CO (M s 1 1 8 l& I O tf co~ co" csf c f> > P" WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 57 8 S3 = CM OS 5 5 C5 || >C O 1C CO I m o .-i cs t- So II o ! o 00 I 5 O II O t~ t- CO CO II ~- t- r-* 1 CO JS S S cB CO I CM- I 1C rf CM- - ce o r~ o c > o c-o<= > o joJcc I S || 8 S 4 4O '! 1C CO OS OS ! S ^ S S S i i i i 1 1 OS 00" II in" co" ic" 11 i t> CO OS H ^ r -^ 1 CM CM i> pi II "II 1 S 1C -^ | CO 211 " i CO II 8 1 ij CM os" r-i * 00 m GO* i S" gf 1 CO CO if r| 2 !! i CO CO CO 1C 1 1 n CO 1 1C 2 I s gg CO 1C 00 1 CO 00 coco 05 t- ^) CO | 1C 1C 3 CO co- co ' o 8 ^r i 1 Jl i s g 1 1 s CO * a - ^ e II 1 00 00 4 c > , ' o o H P< Pi , A t H Pi A P, A * COCO CO CO i/ ic ir CO C' in CO <$<* i * > o 00 = * in co i- 31 i < ^ CO TJ d o d d o ft o m CM co * m co vi wool: ued at above 40 and not ex- eding 60 cents per pound, pounds.. Do do ued at above 60 and not ex- .ediug 80 cents per pound, pounds., ued at over 80 cents per )und pounds., roundings or trimmings.. otal bats of wool ods: iery Valued at not over 40 cents Valued at above 40 and not exceeding 60 cents per pound pounds . . Valued at above 60 and not exceeding 80 cents !l _cc p, ll 1 1 5< f il 1 0*3 "3 a si H as H .=5 15 58 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. , i2 E^ "^ .fcooS.a^oS S WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 59 CO s s i-t II O SIIS CO" II ^*" 81153 M 8 S 05 CO t- CO 5 CO S O s s 5? S? co" in" h- CN1 CO -^- (M CO !> f> t> 60 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 21 8 S S S S w S S t> CO CO *" irf" i-H i s I O CO 88 S w s CO O if 00 co' <7 o" 51 IS i-l CO S s s II S- S- - II " S 3 i w eo c c o o O CO C5 15 II g I i 00 A P, ft ft S J o 1 ?ll s *8-.. o oo ft ft ft 3 ^ < ^5 .0 ^5 m m m co co co 4: ^5 ^' ! ting: And all printed Bunting WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOdL. ei t 5 Soo oo 00 00 o ! a 5 4 10 r^ co 00 CO CO ( Y- ^ S> 2 co CO o ^ cs~i r s^ of co~ co" o~ - o" - 10' || wo ^ 5 i <> 3 " r* co" II S ?2 8 O g ! O t- CO O CO t- o C- 00 00 1 oo'co e~ g" S | a o" CO CO 00" g s g $ j .1 5 i i CO IO 1 I II '" i of g i } CT Cr 5 I 1 1 ^< 00 CO 1 s i t> | 1 i 00 i ! S'co" co" CO to" co" 8 1 3 85. K IO O5 O 3 S r, ^ oo oo S CO 8 o i 1 l CO CO co" CM" co" o" 1 ! SJ 3 - 1 oc i o ^ : 8 CO j C Oi IO -*f CO 00 : oo o CO tj oS 3" j 1 1 f i II i-i" co" II SJS S O lO O lO IO O O5 IO CO 3 ^5 i [ O l>- -?h r*H 1-1 OO a CO JO 3 Tjt CO 00 t~ t^ iO <* O5 o C 1 JO" CO 00" S " " cf s ! co- f \t 8 S3 2 OO i-H OO s ? s C7 O O t^ c-i o o so i co 00 1 i! o'eo" o" rH l> C-4 CO" rt" CO" CO CO I s CO" eg 1 COCJ * II & MO 8 o a CO g I i L*- o t- . t 8" g s o II K 1 LO LO CO CO s $ CO 3 : 3 ^ ^ & 4 4J 4) '.d -e rrj r-3 6 d t-j ^ ^ *? * 2 *? 2 c? P LI Ae 2, J C. C. A< J ? J ?, ^ iT 1 II A 1 51 1 |P4 e 10 c I f " 1 4 r 31 S s i gA rpets and carpeting of all kinds: Brussels and tapestry Brus- sels, printed on the warp, sq. yards . . Aubusson, Aixminster, and chenille carpets and car- pets woven whole for rooms, sq. yards.. Brussels carpets do Druggets and bookings, print- ed, colored, or otherwise, sq. yards.. Mats, screens, hassocks, and rugs, not exclusively vege- table material . . Do... Of wool, flax, or cotton, or parts of either, or other ma- terial not specially enumer- ated or provided for. an vflrrlq Patent velvet and tapestry velvet carpets, printed ou the warp, or otherwise, sq. yards . . Saxony, Wilton, and Touraay velvet carpets . . . sq. yards. . Tapestry Brussels printed on the warp, or otherwise, feq. yards . . Treble ingrain, three-ply, and worsted chain Venetian carpets sq. yards . . Yarn, Venetian, and two-ply ingrain cm pets . .sq. yards.. Total carpets thing, ready-made, and wear- ig apparel (except knit goods), t specially enumerated or pro- ided for, composed wholly or i part of wool, worsted, the air of the alpaca, goat, or other ke animals, made up or man- < j.ii?4a WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. 83 .. II i II S id IS o o ftft 6 o fit i per squa pound H S oths, wool Value le yard Cloths ds, coat nd : sed ted, , goa lued ce go n's, hs, iptio ompo wors paca, Val WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 63 CM m CO v 00 I.-3 1 ! 5 S ! S m co o (M 'JiQO IO t- 1 1 1 CM m 3 o S co n t> r-\ CO CM oo" o~ 2 S 1 -*" 8 S" cf SM~ jrf 1 S 3 S 5*0 o o S S8 CO S | | | g m oo oc rH CM CO HO ss oo c^ T-H 9 CM" o" 1 00 jf eo" g" cT I CO <*> 3 "*" z CM lO CM *O 6- S I TT ^ I i i i 1 1 i O T< t- \ m CM CM CM t- CO f* O *O CO '0 i m CM !o t> CO OO O S 1 Ci * ^ S g 3 |" i 1 - ^ itf S" 00 C- CO OO O5 S S 8 (M CO * O S " 3 1 US S C-4 S g r-t lO frT . <^* CO t-T co" cl 3 g S i 1 S S rH cs co j O 1-4 O qj lO S CM 1 l^ O CM s |. g; CO M oo" o" c-T co" -5' i g" e- i t- o i- in" CM" i S S S S S eo CO S 3 i 1 -* -V] t~ 00 O 00 c-^ r^- oo o i-t 'M T! oo oo in ct S S3 i 1 i i ^ x " S s <0" r-T 3 s O 00 CJ O O O i i r-l OO ^ o o o oo 2 m -* Ci m i-i o -^ m TH O CM O L 00 CO *-r m m i i-T o" sf of o CM" OO" g oo o m CM t- o irj i 1 I 8 i | . r* CO CO t> . S i 3 r-T 00~ i. j-T cf g i ^3t CM 3 i o o W 6 6 c. o ft ft A ft t ^ ft ft c lO r-j CO m m in m CO CO CO CO S JS 12 CO CO g if 1 .^ 55^^ J 5 a Ai . ft ft ft ft ft f ft ft c IE ft ^ wood o cjC H < S c S G c cr CO 1 I J^'rt ^ 'S H :- ,2f o S Jjj 6 [ ,J is ,_! F orPOgr3.-^.S5 f - | " X, i g ^ 1C ^ s S S S S 10 ! ss Ci S s S CO oJ 3! o i s i s ^* co^ CO u^T 10* TjT 1*$ 00' cf i^r P f? - i * 9 1 ^J . _ t- C5 T* -HJ 1 i ; o s o i g Q S> 3 35 S? g CO o 3 a k 1 i i 19 2 i ! s 1 s j g co to OJ 1 ^ ^ ' af 1 i-! rl O> 00 _ S * g g- s of O 1 1-1 1-1 f o o 6 d A A A p, p, ft A P- is io o J2 IO ift lO a o rs <* s ^ ^ S 2 S 3 S j2 rO ^ 3 ,Q ^j ^5 ^5 8 A A A A A A A A P\ i g ARTICLES. oods: >siery Valued at above 60 and not exceeding 80 cents per pound pounds . Valued at above 80 cents perpound pounds. Total hosiery irts, drawers, andotherknit ;oods Valued at not over 40 cents perpound, pounds. Valued at above 40 and not exceeding 60 cents per pound pounds. Valued at above 60 and not exceeding 80 cents per pound pounds. Valued at above 80 cents per pound pounds. Total shirts, drawers, &c manufactures of mohair, goat's hair, not otherwise ilied shoddy, in ungo, waste, and s, woolen pounds . s: oolen pounds A orsted Not otherwise specified, pounds . Total shawls ngs, gormgs, suspenders, es, beltings, bindings, Is, galloons, fringes, gimp?, s, cords and tassels, dress UJ I CO Jlljl fill WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. (M CO OS frj OS O m m m m os m c~ m no t~ co co CO W t2 CO of os- g ; (MHO -II c? S5 00 00 5" of S os o> d ^05 OS - 18 S g S co oT os co r-( 00 s ^ s O (M OO iH N a* g s rt CO s i I li a tf S S3 i i TIT a i g S rf s s " s W co g s J I CO 5 S oo a e fl P< Il'S-a sl t $ illcli i *** * =t} ,-d a i ii r 5402 WOOL- 66 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF AVOOL. S3 Sg Ss" as" :5 S i"i t~ ffQ I r s SS "S od W {j O W ftft ftft ^S ^^- 33 ft 33 ^,0 ^-so ,ao ,0,0 A 'ft >o 450 o d 10 m coco i<^ ^345 ic ic ic 10 ^5^jo ^jio ll a -*= 9 o 5 C ft moral Valu XT3 OD P'd ^3 rj Q O o T3 o ft ve cen abo 60 ing Val ce ft | 8 ee ^2 v8 S IP If g ft l H! Q ao JI-H .S ^o ,r] "3 Js st i 3 ^ S O - o o B ftb 'gftft rg^ft si "i~ 8| a II WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 67 QO r- 1 *H C 1 I -^ EH 5S 3 .-HO 10 ss s r-( CO 8 S 5 W CO IftrH 2S ' SI s cf rf g S ss "i W o cs oo os o> S S?? o t-~ co o O TtlO -Wi in ei co ^H 5 85 (M" "" g 2; 00 p.op.0 P.PJA citidA ooS yj A 5 A r. r 11 .f i ii a m bf So 68 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. s co oo r-T 00" S - 10- (M 8 tf 8 I 9 1 CO O * s eo" N i O CO ^4 vH OJ iO ffd O t^ o o n 8 ^ co CO" 0" i I i- M x 5 3 5 A TlT Mf rH ^-T ceT >* I oo > t- I T-l !CJ O Sco- rn" o- 3 S2 o J CO O eo ^ E 02 re r- C (M CO S i 1 i i s" i c^ ^f g s ^ co o> o s 00 t^ r- * CO S i g >M" 1 ^ |P t- 5 * 1 *" CO lO 00 Cl Tf o fl I 5 i 1 ec" | i 11 g .1 ^ - S 1 I 1 cT " S *r i i g I S '-2 ^ 3 O^j -5 ^ fcO W t^- *c c 1 S i co OP c ci ft ^ ft * ft ft j P -P. . . ft w . ftm . P j ITS CO > if ^^ ioco^ 10^^ if r r ec t^ ft ^ft '"^Pi ^^Pi w 1 <% j p, o *^ .O *^J o *i O ^ i D ^ .ao 5 ffl ^ s' 1 ^ ^^"^ 5^ 5 i ^ P KftS pJs p .ftj ftpj ^ftj "p P 4 1 l~ t> t> t> P p 1 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 71 * s 1 * S S P - 'J 5 080 c O M t~ M CO O t- 3O P. S i 1 * >t 5 ift i-i 2 pj S og | g of il 1 ef rf r -o ! ~ 1 (M i i 8 i 1 ! y ? .3 e g i - S ;S t !> 5 p 1 f 31 j* 1 s S i J =. : i s 8 8 :g g 5 :2 * -IM i i 8 CO .S? " rf |l 1 s SI i f :< os N 00 I-- O CO g O i G t- I 2 iti |oo a i " 5 ^ i TJ< C N s O CO O r-< s i-H s CO *g s M ! 8 S2 1 O -^< (M C~ OO ^ CO M M C* C- i ia t--~ co saj CO 1.1 s i li -I ! a ft c c o ^ ft ft e ; ,; i, ftft . C 000 >. ft ft ftft C ( d * a M e kft T CO ^ Cf i' V d ^ S - Si S S d g * 4 ^ft * 4 ft ^^ft * PJ "^ y ods Valued at not over 40 cents ner nnnnrl ixuim]^ Valued at above 40 and not exceeding 60 cents per pound pounds. . 'Sis o 13 a* as, ^ if) O "* So r.t> t> > w ^ w aa 4 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. CJ -H 00 -l t- W o co co it- (M O sf i 212 SS O CO !> Ci O o I* i Ji = = "Soft Uft I 74 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Cvl gg g rJ^ 00? ig: JM O" rJ" O ^t 1 ift t^- CO "iS- cf *f pf 00 1C if5 co co CO T * * WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 75 s ** 8 ? t ' co" g S 8 * <& s c r 38 oo o> 10 eg oo SB CO V S ^ 3 50 ! t eo -t 3 S q I s ! s i o o | 1 f .2 00 " M 8 I s 3 a 1 s in i 3 s ri ; 1! J 10 o o o in o m o o ca o S I CM 1 fi 5 H u S O? CO 1-H C- r-l 1 1 ^T r-T ee* . 1 ,_* oT I 1 i S g g CO Tji ITS O m O 00 C~ <) CO '3 2 1 ^* .-: oo m o co *< e __ S a K "~ ^ CO 00 CO S 00 W 5 i S 8 ^ 1* V T ef j g 2 g -g cc S c4 ?o OS Oi CO O5 T^ 'N ^ CO 33 01 1 o s I sf sr 3- | . 5 8 . a - oo" ll s co Tf 0^*0 in o S oo eSco co 2 2 S 33 1 B - H S w^ ^ i S rt - ^ co" ~- ! Z fi q 'i g 8 S S a 2 ^. t- in g 33 33 1 1 i ~ oo in oo in t^ o co oj in ^< in 1 i J.r ,_J C-l i-J" i-T TJ<" 5i 0" < of ! O V O ft ft ft ft V O O W O ft ft ft ftft ft _ in CO jo 10 o in ft in m m m m in a 2 s ^5 5 S a 5S 3 A A A "ft "". ft ft ft ftftj ft ft 1 1 1 1 I III ll" 1 ft i . *! almorals : Valued at not exceeding 4C cents per pound .. pounds. Valued at above 40 and not ex- ceeding CO cents per pound, pounds . Valued at above 60 and not ex- ceeding 80 cents per pound, pounds . Valued at above 80 cents pei pound pounds. . Total baluiorals elts or felts, endless, for papei or printing machines. .pounds. TJ ''4}pjre co" 8 iS g S 5 O !M rH CO r-> I* CON 0~ Tf CO" CO" ofco"^ IM" 1-1 t- g 8 S? ?l M ^ tl lr O5 t*" ^ CO m A in rH t- in in l 05 9 Sll of * co- i So" 1 * CO co- 5j S S SH S s g CO 01 CO S S S I 1 Oi 30 99 1 n" ,-* of 1 1 B i s ill II 2 S? ' a w 3 g II 1 i i KS s *o o t* * oT *o" rf in" I! m ""^ * ",- co O 00 Ol l *5 01 04 8 II o w S3 ill is S sf i O) 1C 1 1S" I m - l 8 1 II ^ i se of i 1 1* in 00 |s i' rt - oo" oc~ ol S S3 % ^g 1 S d S S o^h as cc o5 co ^ i i" ^ y in- . i . O O WO C3 O 3d S 2 S & AP. P. a a a a*S rs ni dS 51^ H-^ ^1^ f* a; f*> ^ ^ oo ! f it rl p, ft o-d ad a a a a 'a-'a * I* g^ g^g^ r ii" ir Do do.... reble ingrain, three-ply, and worsted chain Venetian carpets sq. yards.. am, Venetian, and two-ply ingrain carpets. . . sq. yards. . Do do Total carpets i. jliii iir i 1 1 Hip i .. ] ro^-'t^oP-'-aOfeo o^f-S^,^ v/+3 cSr2..;.f-P< oa o iMZ-^Jlf". ^3^0^ b- e l c .2-S^^|5 H | H !^ H J M "o'2 3,^-43 2 o& ^ ^O O.2 C ^.2^^ P^JC^ o o 78 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. i S S 1 Sw J' e co oo 00 a oo co oo 5* 1 1 f ? f , N" IS" rH . ^ s 1 1 1 1 | } } c^ i S- S 3" 1 | S g i 00 1 gf S 2" i TH 0" '; ^ * S 0000 CO g 1 1 i I S S CO 4* "5 SS gf- ft S tH (^ CO CO t- CJ (N 0" Os- S 00 co t i 1 1 g go w" co CO s rH f> P> Q m IM co" oT I-H" s" J* o co o ; 2 o *'S I .^ d S" in" *" 5" ; G? 2" 8" ; ^ 2 S S! S 1 S o~ 10" of oT co'co" r-T CO" ~ o" CO S ' 00 i JO 1 l i K i s is O *S t> 1 1 1" i 1 1 3 co o ^r g J' ? i i . i i IS i 53 S ^f w" o"c5" i p cT g * tl ?^1 |Ss c p 1 ^A^A ^^S, ' S'dJ d* J eg g eg 1" 1 !ii fiiHi - it * n- 1 ^ bta P V h> c. H E- 5 1 H tal dress g< i-s = 1 o a f-4 Pl ^ ^g P ^" Q^3 ^'O^* 30 5 ^5 *~T oS^Oteo&^l ^^^ r_j +3 S < 1 | ig||^l Ift ||J|iUgl|| |=:l Cfi P4 MXx-Iall^ Illl^il^Slol^ 'oS'cS 8 |||| s^ WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. * O O <* kft O OC 8 rH rf S3 O O l^ O5 CC H t~ O C* i-H 2 S oo T * l rH r-l CO Or*. 8 8 8 3 $ M S o o os - N S8 JS S S o o d p, P\cL : ftft-2 p, ft .1 A ft add c S ft ft d w i M ; DO Vi i'S^ |S ill * oi ir >.- ft i i ft : ft - s S? H - a 3 Jg. F f 80 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. I 3 5 88 sr 8S IS Si 88 5 88 fe 00 00 o--- J cTw" 211 "II! f A P- ft ft I I O 00 00 ftft ftft ss* ^.00 ftfts ir i^ 1 ?! 1-i lii E ,gllllll f l^sl s slsl 4 iftji^i diS r ^OD | T3C3 r C5 r^ > r*a OJ fl .3 < fl - fl I|II|I||!p H . t> t> p> ures of mohair, r, not otherwise e, an n ds do Sg^ aft ot f : Ilif! -!*1 nW f * O PH S ; i;ti 835S p P f 1 gjl ! ?f|! ,P y^ o a-, H ^^i'O s31 We b b WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 81 s 1 3 S'S M IO CO O O 1-1 ! SS 8 SS OC-4 CO Cn t- r-i o o Sll SS o co I O S CO C5 CO CO tr- 1 II s o I 1 *-' of 2 ^ 1 CO II CO O r-l O g | g S | 2 o 1 1 CO 13 1 fsC t> 1:1 s ll " I i i E 1 t- CM tr t~- in i CO CM CM il s ^ 5 3 i-l CO CM 1-~ ' r-T ?Q~ i, in" 9 II II s s t- -* m 'o m I-( TT * l> 3 ill 5R so r- 00 g S (M S CO r-l OS rH CM T SS * ! S3 oi w 3 * in 1 2 * s m Sll S SS g S R 3 IS 1 o- ^ 1 " 1 I t- rH CO t~ o 8 S S C^ g S * CO S ~g CO* ^ co" 4 s d odd d d'd odd m ft ft ft ft P, ft ft ft ft ft ^; B >0 co co co co co . co co 3 co co ^ ! o 3 ^ -^ s 5 5 s 3 s ftftftft ftftftftftft ftd i dodd dddddd oft ^ oooo oooooo o o ARTICLES. -k3t g 2 g^ ft || l| uts PQ CO 02 CQ O 84 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Duties. S S S 3 8 g S |J rf | i J i' | *' ^ g 1 t>~ 00 1 Values. s s 3^-8 o s 3 o 1 s 8 s s s s et- oo *< co t-o ei -* ci IS N " S" S S" " S" (^M M w o 5 OS t^ rH Cl S S S 5 S ff S S S" * 8" Duties. g S S S^i S 8 - K ISIS SsslsS is "" s sf g" " s w " ^ K^ i * rH CO oo" S ! Values. SSSSS'S oe us oeo eooor-icoso e o> Scowt> is i ~ s " i 1,313,352 09 Quantities. g 3 g S S S 55 S S S CO O O Tf C^ O ^< oo" of o" o* oT of *- rH rH CO r-l CJU rH rH r* Duties. COOlO ^lOiOOCVliO t- |gS ^SS?S^5 | rt " g S S * 5 S oo co 1 Values. g s - g g 23$ K^?l?5 CO rH ft t- WO iA O5O5 'So" t-T oT o" c~ rH~ r-T qS & g i Quantities. s s s CO W 00 rH OO rH C<5 g S S S S g - g r ^r c ( S I - a 4 lO ift lO ira ^ O lO CO i CO CO CO CO CO ^ 4 4 ^ <^ ^ 4 T3 ffl ^ rrj -O t3 H3 (^ P-J >> P>J ^4 l>> t> cr o o< o< 6 1 d< c? to 5 oo oo oo oo fte ftci . A3 fto P.O ri fto oti, oft tt ft oftdp, ; ft d ft d ft is> m coo t- ^ .'* ^ TX^L~!Mi-HrH '4 'J H -^ < ^ 5 1^ 1| ^Ig^^jT'S i 3 ^ 115 115 is s ^^s *L5 p 8 as-s^i |1 |^? 5fS ?s . ? H 1 ^ 5 j^^rfj - ^ ^i h ^1^ -^ S 1 ? US' 11 l^-ll^il^ S^ ft|?-8 k S- IS" |J |8 ll^lll 3, B 9j f ^ -^ M&S* jsji'is II, i&K 1^ ir 1 1 in a 1 1 1 1 g,opa R^O PH (HH>H S3 Total carpets WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF 'WOOL. % 5 Kf 11 <^. 3 S - II JS< - is c oo 3 ^iew -p^'S gf S" co n IN CO s S 2 w of I 1 S I T i-~ 3 S ci sis- rgsfc*! la -0^ fe^ s ^s sl^ilJU I l' s -s ft o. a ilfllilli -5 l a .sai s? . js s S B g 5^ * ^ 3** ||R .c :-^ i is- -;g> fe^ s ^2 i|| ft,. q S, || .sal ^* I tlltf 111 0^3 Sci o ^ ? fc ^jy IS ?* 85 86 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. OB . I I CO 8 * CO ^ *i*3 3t *^* * > c^ *s "*" ^jT r-T^ e* ,-T o" ft Q 5 1 i 2 t- O CO OO T5 O ! ! GO a 5$ CO o rH C^ O> C^l o s "3 !*' i r-T ^~ ,-r (N 1 > o . g S g i 2 s i M g | d | ! 1 *o IF ^2" i 1 S co S S o s 1 rf d J s S S 5 8 1 i 2 tj C^ o t 03 rt a ^if s . i-T T-T erf > Cj S ^*" 1 2* . S ^ o g w t- o r- i H oo Tf t- 5sj r eS <> s s s S S co QQ jn * t~ lO CO f < CO 00 Sj _ o (M 00 CJ 9 ^ ^r co~ co" i-T 1^ P f^o *^" oo e^3 o s 1 IS (^w 5 C0~ C0~ r-T <* - 1 8 i (N s i 0~ o- V s o O5 O* . . 1 > ft ft ft ft ft ft ft 1 1 a CO h * t3 H ,J ^ m cr ^T5 ..ssis il ill* Total flannels wool : ed at above 40 and not ex ding (50 cents per pound pounds. liill^lilll^l" 1 ||l|l 11 ll|l sis < E p i i I WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF- WOOL. 87 CSI 00 co S S CO c> g iH CD CO CO Ci ' CO C3 M ^* t~ O o 5 3 J^ CO S i i S N S s i f % 88 8 $ ^ g S S X 8 i m o i ^ s i 1 1 1 1 co to ii I 1 oo" t- S 1 s !- 5| - S i 9 * 1 H i se at 1 S p to co 5| CO 5 CO i b- 55 58 1 S S "II " II " 00 9 t- iH CO S3 S * "^ t L - O 10 OO 5 5! s i s* 3 s i 1 1-1 oc o to l^ CO 5 m 1 | 1 jr *- i | -i" g % ^ sf aT CM CD ^ g \ O 00 O O CO ** S3 IS S 9 (M t"- *O R eo* t-" \ CD i - 1 i * 3" " !- tO i-l s 0> g S d S o? ci CO - (>1 CO (M ^ 00 of co" r-T co* CO 5 CJ O CO * r^ O O r- Ift ft A A II II s 3 IS 5 S 12 S e*i d i- J * co 3 S S S i-T o" ** 00 CM r-H co oo i < g- II 1 * M r-l (M I t- to 85 s CO s 1. S ! s v 1 O CO S s go 3f cT a s" eo II o o L ^ fid o s o n CO CO c a wo >o c co co co o- o *-<- 'Q y <3 ^ *o *o *o ^ t-^ K* 1 kl j2 ^ g 1 s ^ 1 g 1 ^ S ^ S* ? S 1 g 0- ED do, o, * o ^o c> c i rt ,op;o Aoe 40 < * 5 o pi,o fto ftop o plo p, w fie. o A Valued at abovo 80 cents per pound pounds . . . * Saxony, Wilton, and Touruay velvet carpets . ..sq. yards.. Do.. ...do... Tapestry Brussels, printed on the warp or otherwise, sq. yards.. Do do.. Total blankets nting : Buutmg sq. yards rpets and carpeting of all kinds Aubusson, Axminster. ant Chenille carpets and carpets woven wliole fur rooms . . srr. vards ^ 'T -. i Brussels carpets . . .sq. yards Do do . Druggets and bookings, print ed, colored, or otherwise sq. yards Do.. ..do.. Mats, screens, hassocks, am rugs, not exclusively vege table material . . l*l*ll||I ^ o|il 1** j}: ft a fi ^""5 o> 7; ft S a a -S Pr3 < S S Cj ** O FH W O 92 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. t o in o eo oo eo d ns &* ^ II !|:l WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. 93 g s ^ S j s \n oo - ^ s s 3 !i 2 S 5 I s 1 c 5 ? 3 1 cr rj CO 1 C 1 ; i i r 1 I 1 2" 2 i t I t & co CO I S i 5 s N s 1 c J > c a s" I 1 u s 1 e i j 1 00~ . 1 5 r c T r e 3 * j o c 1 1 s 2 ^ i i u 1 1 i i i 1 F 1 ^ t>" o 5- t -~ S > CO os I 3 < ) L" I 1 1 1 1 j i i r S i i j o ? [ ~ o o u J- c > e ! g s i I i 1 g i 1 i I > H f ! 1 i -, 1 oo oo" 1 f i o o e 1 S C^ > < 5 C 5 s > ( P. t PH * ;'-? lO L O . 8 * j 3 * i 4 } 4 i* 3 ^ s T j r 1 3 5 1 p I 1 i j j.a io, ,0 ^ p. " ,0 4 P< S' i*c I'd ! ?.s i .f [- ! L d c t ^ < u to . P> f* ! 3 ft a .P, 1* i :* o a 1 > r > t- c 2 ^'g f?ss! j 3- M |f|= 2J 1 53 s si t [4 3< I 4 il 1 | 1 n id balmoral ski drtinjr, and goods ,r description or j | N q 3 i is. Valued at above per pound Total cloths g.5^ p, J 5 a - .o|^r 2 t Valued at above I 3 -a !' "S f- 5 Q ^ 0)'" Sa |||||as||fl |^ ) 5 a3~ M-5 * ^3 "Q^ 5 ^ p. 9 o ^ ft o "3 S"o5.5o"-5 JO S *"o'CQ O I' 94 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. CN si S S CM* t-" do A A rH r-l CO i o o o o fi,ft ftft ftft IS a;coo!!l'3!O r 3'''^ ! oo i " 'S W *5 a^ s-9 o ars ft-s bcrttiia-^afl*33ao^3c^_fl QSO '3 OosOc c'S O c B ~J3 = ^ o^ b a fto a p<3 a fto ;-So 'S ^ ft-wtt-ft-D^ftl^t-^ S 1 : * : fl s a a o . o:S:*ftc3ft ft- 5 ifi-84fi*d tr s = a -fe a a jgapa 1 ^ s s ^ fe^ S : ft ft - * rr- 2 P W WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 95 as 5 r-T 1 off m N * t- t- ^f t- O v \ CM IO CO " cc o i * CO *f II i 5 8 g ~ S i I a i jl i s 1 1 r t-- .- { a CO CO CO CO 1 ^ S o "-" o (M ""* ^ i CO ^1 Ij iO IO t* ** tf5 00 T* 10 < p< ; ; m if CO ' Cf a : * 4r . '. 1 S < UO CO r- ^ e : I 4 i t Valued at above 60 and not ex- ceeding 80 cents per pound, pounds. . Do ...do.... Valued at over 80 cents per pound pounds.. Do do.... Total hats ^^aj.^tn-o;. ^ r^ n T32 ca '^ffl c ' r; SP 5n: 3 ^ fl T3 9 S ^ I*S*SgSg 1 2^sl |&|g8,8&8& ^ ?^" s 2-0 &r v^ G'^rS^rZ -2 g" "o^j o5r S^ _2 fl- g a g o a |5S"| e Ij^* fl * ' ||>^ fl V allied at above 60 and not exceeding 80 cents Per Pound nnnnrln "S-S'i ! S'arS g fl a ;= ss e ^ j3 e O { O O * i ^ pn - ^ ft o | : S P j '^ 1 2 o & Valued at above 30 and not exceeding 40 cents per pound pounds. . Valued at above 40 and not exceeding GO cents per pound pounds.. Valued at above 60 and not exceeding 80 cents per pound pounds.. 96 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. s 9 IO II g c S | Duties. oo 00 Soo li; 1 irT S Cl 1 J ? 1 oS CM * " || K 1 00 t2 i S s CO oO " S cc s t~ n S O rH t^. cc ^ C i ^ S i 'S vS 1 i s 8 i s ^ 3 i 1 2 i i s S ir I 5 | ! g % So 1 1 1 r i < | 3 tH s s co "a S" 00 1 i I > I \ 1 ? 3 I b CO b c ft P iO tr . H i= M ft , C S > b >,A IS tx'3 i Eags, sho flocks, -v Do.. f cc > o C C - . .S U '-2 "^ ^ '^ ^ K a^ou -aEaj* 01 *^'! .5 '^'o^ p 5 fr 1 -^^ ^^ S a ^r^rSSi^OoS-S^5 s COL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 97 2 S S o 5 ?a O O CO C5 CO CM g r-l CO t^ in CO i i i m M t- 52 S o s" in" s" S rn" of c- S ? O co m 1 S ) H j 1 8 1 I cf 1 5 S S H S 5 rH a t- CM I 8 cd CO r-3 ^ M (M 5 5 S o~ J ' t 5 l CO S S CO - ft ^ ftft & o o ftft O OO- OO O OO OO ft ft ft ft ft ft ftft ftp ? " in in m in CO CO CO CO CO lOlOO iOlOtAiClOtftift CO-1* CO CO TC CO CO CO COCO C0 3 3 3 33 3 33 ^33 3 3 3 33 33 ,0 ,3 ,3 .0.3 ,2 ^^ = & > & & ^& jz ft ft ft ftft ft ftft ft ft ft ft ft ft ftft ftp o -J o do d O O CM O CO O O CO n CO CO CM i-l r-t CO "i TJ<^ 5 3^^^s4||^ :||- g-Sj ^^- I o-S-S-S-S^a g B 5g ) 5 f gS5'3^ :^2^ ili^i^ri^^i P ^ 3 ^ 1 lloi^l s l|i|loi|oil^oI^ 's' ~Z l ~ :J "a ^^ 3 CJ ~H J-'l^ g^ -^ OJJg^^-^^o^'gjS ' CO' "So S :S :^S ^S ;8 g o * s"" ^ ^sg : ^9*S^ fcfl :^tjo; ;>bo; ^ S C3 < 'r^ r "^C* ei -l"oOOC'-3'-* 'p^S ' '^5 " _^ *> | | : ^=> o ^ o S_2 fl Sftdr-^o o pj ftp ft*^^ ^^^ j os'gra i c ?f ?> ^ =3 rQ *^3 ^ ^ > 5 O WftCjSO^rjCScSftCSp^lS^C^O^ ! > > f> > > B 'C^3 3 | "escclS ft^ ^-g'j'cl^'cSM'cj S ftla fl ft 'S ft |r ^ iifr "" " " F *z a ^^ S < 5402 WOO 98 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. . t^ o s t ! co S 1 I |;1 f * _ s g is i i 8 1 1 (^ ; 3 i i-*" co" 5 i 1 a CO i O 1 c^ co" s 00 o jc OO CO ^4 .2 CO c3 C3 P II i 1 t 00 1 ^? (M i ^ ii rf 5 1 5 g 1 J B S o> I I-H e o CO CO CO o 1 a |l :- i s s g i ? 2 ^ t* CO co * 1 is !- i T-l | S3 tg t f jf - n i 2 3 6 i (it (6 f ^ 00 l CC c f c | a j H 3 inufactures of every descrip- not specially enumerated irovided for, 'made wholly a pai t of wool Continued, orsted, &c. Continued. Valued at above 80 cents per pound pounds . . Do do.... Total manufactures, not elsewhere speci- fied Grand total n r** WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 99 100 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 8 co c- co oo oco iE II 9-* O CO CO rH ^* oo 11 CM" ** 8 Ofuf ^< s frii I *3& I IS!^ *3^a -22'J p H , re , no who pa act |fa III ft^oS^ - B s*j ii JlH! '. ^2^^- a ^^ i|S.jl 8ip|.ljG* r > ! p< ^" R ^S^oaTg* ^WQ cr.2 4i"> rtRqrrtct-vSp alsl^S ill! a! ^S'^^SlaSSLS^' d t sp lly a, 'g red a ol g rp , t d u r m , d side and pur ing, crip or, and imilar IllllI 3 Q WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. !! a cog 101 ^H 4O i oo i! m o o I o co 00 O I CO M O t-l 88 I 3 || 2 oo eg" V | ts. I *: i * p ^ CO CO **< **< (M IN IQ CO O ,-1 00 001 Mf i o I t> 1* * 000 COCO in w a to o * 5J CO O 5 CO CO -H C S S co ss s g Ift-T o :K -^ i l g m - o co l> O 00 <^" trdi" g 3 s; ~ O S S3 S S S3S CO COW ?f CS C5 eg O O O d P, 6 ift lf5 kO CO CO CO .a . .d ft ft ft 1!11 Sd5 a J ow - e^3 ao O ' 1 ll . a| 1 w 8^1 i ||| 111 & t, to S| |l lS Ijl s ;& 1 jl ill d_'O_. ^ P.13 t> a P.-3 ft-a 2 I I * 'o .a 102 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. dO to o > s^ St2 t^lO woo ~8 s s 1 1 f 2" C5 CO I O r-< CO I OO OV 1C I OO gg-g is ocS -T co- of; M l>- CO rH < TJ< t~ oo < of Sj 1 ro co o 3 S3 5 5 g N " S" S" SS 13 811 3 S o c,- o oo co t CM I >D - ? i I s -^ * : l II * 4a . CS "^ P< oo a : 1S t'S -3 iJlllN - At ?W II I "3 ^ 2 1 >-5 a ^lir^i 3 " t- CO CO ss -* ^ "tj< -* O ^ -rt "tj< OO O CO v i oo c- cj oo oo n O CO U5 m to - m cs co c^i -3< I** * !-! O (F) CO OJ O UO CO t-^ r^" of co" cr-i" cf T ~ l '" ^i o oo in CO O 00 r-c CO in IS" oioo'-oococ^iocii-i-Mo-^ -t< o in 10 1-1 as co 10 o tx/ rt co to o to 10 oo r-i TJ< ^O IO C^l O lO oj'*t m oo .o co ri co c- co . Tf O5 a a * * ^ cocscs -^CO-rt^^OiO CCOOO^i't'-tOOr iCidOtMCO-^f^t i co oo co r-i m m os co cj TJ< T}< ca eg co cc co ** o oo o TJ- o -H ccot^osr>-a^r^t-icoes-< co o oo in (M co co o in (M o o m ' CO L- * Of 0" ..-'~C^-*C^^t~-r-iCCOO' * CO CO O C-l CJOOOO5 t~ I-H >-l Tf OS s t~ o o ?a o co < o m o M -^ co os -^mc-sco ih ~ ^t- -t o o IM * o oo o i~ o co 03 o -^ ^H o co o So ? -! 5s ti 3 38 5 88 3 i> o t-rrooaj. looso I^Sooo q S rt^o"' 'co" ci" ""--" t>" i-" CM" O co" >o" ^4^^.^-^O-^COOCO-MOO CO *** Oi CO ' CS O5 r^- CO CO OO CO i-H 00 CO CT5 O CO CO W CO t^ C O O t^ Ui Ci co" o- S'rf -i r r o sgss co* to oo" <* t-" oo IM' t-" ^-" o" oc" o" co" > rT r-T r-T co" ca" o" r-T co" eT t~ " co* o" ;.j^,rtr-lr-17O^H(NCMT-I^Hr-l(MCO ^4 CO COt-C5TJ9 20,46(i, 166 11,611,867 10, 228, 622 7, 887, 615 7, 012, 971 6, 995, 366 5, 51(5, 814 17, 913, 666 12, 060, 827 10, 333, 358 8, 491, 988 13, 593, 299 9, 474, 264 13, 794, 213 Dollars. 1,958,547 1, 605, 928 1868 1869 1,980,066 2, 217, 967 3, 855, 409 9, 024, 839 7, 846, 158 4, 470, 482 3, (KM, 859 2, 787, 208 2, 657, 996 2, 714, 396 1, 966, 276 7, 374, 217 4, 860, 816 3, 854, 653 3, 174, 628 4, 522, 825 3, 164, 296 5, 126, 108 1870 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 lj,79 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 107 No. 10. SUMMARY STATEMENT SHOWING THE TOTAL QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF IMPORTED WOOLS AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION * IN THE UNITED STATES, INCLUDING BOTH ENTRIES FOR IMMEDIATE CONSUMPTION AND WITHDRAWALS FROM WAREHOUSE FOR CONSUMPTION; ALSO SHOWING THE AMOUNTS OF DUTY COLLECTED DURING THE YEARS ENDING JUNE 30, FROM 1867 TO 1&86, INCLUSIVE Continued. Year ending June 30 Manufactures of wool. Carpets and car- peting o f all kinds. Cloths. Dres a goods. All other manufact- ures. Total. Value. Amount of duty r e - ceived. 18(57 Dollars. 3, 743, 125 3, 516, 469 4, 085, 558 4,129,207 4, 932, 089 Dollars. 10, 545, 096 6, 883, 957 6, 222, 924 6,412,503 9, 187, 365 12, 887, 288 Dollars. 20, 356, 635 16, 868, 362 18, 280, 490 18, 044, 982 21, 61, 423 24, 071, 832 23,119,433 22, 363, 759 22,330,018 16, 255, 100 14,111,843 14,164,130 14, 365, 255 16, 752, 068 15, 961, 066 19,070,817 22,619,106 15, 349, 097 14, 197, 987 14, 971, 278 Dollars. 11,101,894 5, 892, 329 6, 223, 605 6, 509, 782 7, 123, 727 7, 761, 798 7, 716, 144 7, 765, 224 8,673,311 7, 523, 282 5. 552. 737 5, 227, 257 4, 452, 805 '5,353,912 6, 366, 155 6,469,713 7, 901, 870 11,402,036 10, 724, 485 14, 771, 532 Dollars. 45, 746, 750 33, 161, 117 34, 812, 577 35, 09(5, 474 42, 894, 604 50, 235, 197 52, 419, 591 47, 675, 605 45, 627, 923 34, 372, 726 26, 452, 208 25, 703, 393 25, 037, 109 31, 834, 547 33, 103, 322 37, 284, 824 42, 552, 456 51, 484, 872 36, 176, 705 40, 536, 509 Dollars. 24, 268, 531 22, 032, 923 23, 454, 900 23, 393, 201 29, 049,lf>7 33, 004, 894 30, 643, 774 27, 886, 340 27, 282, 178 22, 519, 105 17, 600, 041 17, 176, 549 16,839,064 21,864,153 22, 424, 809 25, 398, 363 29,146,265 27, 473, 400 24, 294, 939 27, 278, 528 18G8 1869 1870 1871 1872 5, 514, 279 1873 4, 948, 335 3, 948, 176 2, 928, 503 16, (535, 679 13, 598, 446 11, 69(i, 091 8, 904, 434 5,737,571 5, 657, 782 5, 623, 807 8.415,215 9, 376, 038 10, 487, 060 10, 806, 324 13, 216, 658 10, 080, 981 9, 464, 358 1874 . 1875 1876 . . 1, fi89, 910 1,050,057 654, 224 595, 242 1,313,352 1, 400, 063 1, 257, 234 1 225, 156 1K77 A 1878 1879 1KSO 18SI 1882 1883 1884 1, 517, 081 1, 173, 252 1, 329, 341 1885 1886 NOTE. For fuller details of the data contained in this table see tables Nos. 4 and 8. 108 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 11. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITY AND VALUE OF DOMESTIC WOOL EXPORTED FROM THE UNITED STATES DURING EACH YEAR FROM 1846 TO 1887 ; THE VALUE OF DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM 1864 TO 1887, AND THE NUMBER AND VALUE OF DOMESTIC SHEEP EXPORTED FROM 18^1 TO 1887, INCLUSIVE. Tears ending Unmanufactured wool. Manufact- ures of wool. Sheep. September 30 1821 Pounds. Dollars. Dollars. Number. 11,117 6,368 6,880 7,421 9,681 8, 695 8, 745 5, 545 6,846 15, 460 8,262 12, 260 11,821 16,654 19, 145 6, 342 3,460 6,698 i 6,084 14, 558 14, 639 19,557 13, 609 12, 980 6,464 9,254 10, 533 6,231 4,195 3, 945 4,357 2,968 3,669 2, 642 4,235 3,520 4,373 (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) (a) 9,301 15,182 12, 478 7.882 17,902 (a) 39, 570 45,465 35, 218 66. 717 124, 248 124, 416 110,312 179, 017 183, 995 215,680 209, 137 179, 919 Dollars. 22, 175 12, 276 15, 026 14, 938 20, 027 17, 693 13, 586 7,499 10,644 22,110 14, 499 22, 385 21, 464 29, 002 36, 566 18, 548 16, 852 20, 462 15, 930 30, 698 35,767 38, 892 29, 061 27, 824 23, 948 30, 303 29, 100 20, 823 16, 305 15, 703 18,875 16, 291 17, 808 15, 194 18,837 18, 802 22, 758 49, 319 41,182 33,613 28, 417 34. 600 39, 504 39.185 74, 388 87, 214 69, 842 83, 936 (a) 95, 193 86, 888 79. 592 107, 698 159, 735 183, 898 171, 101 2:U, 480 33:5, 499 I, 082, 938 892, 647 762, 932 603. 778 1, 154, 856 850, 146 512, 568 329, 844 254, 725 1822 . . . ...... 1823 1824 18') 5 18'?6 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1836 J837 1838 1840 1841 1842 Jxiiie 30 1843 (9 months) j 844 1845 1846 668, 386 378, 440 781, 102 159, 925 35, 898 203, 996 89, 460 57, 497 81, 015 22, 778 1847 . 1848 * 1849 1850 1851 1852 55, 550 216, 472 114, 268 88, 886 145, 115 50, 202 884, 807 1, 706, 536 1, 055, 928 847, 301 1, 153, 388 355, 722 155, 482 466, 182 973, 075 307, 418 558, 435 444, 387 152, 892 25, 195 140, 515 75, 129 319,600 178, 034 104, 768 79, 599 347, 854 60, 784 191, 551 71, 455 116, 179 64,474 10, 393 88, 006 146, 423 257, 940 14, 308 26, 567 33, 895 27, 802 27, 455 19, 007 211,861 355, 563 389, 512 237, 846 296, 225 178, 434 66, 358 254, 721 264, 398 130, 857 191,119 152, 443 54, 928 8,762 36.434 17, 624 72,169 62, 754 13, 845 26, 446 93, 358 17, 644 71, 987 19,217 37, 327 22, 114 3,073 16, 739 19, 625 78, 002 1853 1854 1855 . . ... 1856 1857 1858 . . 1859 1860 1861 1862 - 1863 1864 81. 943 139, 628 139, 462 94, 698 206, 879 16;<, 438 124,159 238,405 212,669 200, 897 124,099 154,401 336, 389 291, 837 448, 984 346, 733 216, 576 331,083 408, 104 366,214 704, 108 775, 962 653, 633 539, 342 1865 1866 . . 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 ]874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 . . 1882 139,676 337, 251 273, 874 234, 509 177, 594 121, 701 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 a Not stated. NOTE. Prior to 1864 manufactures of wool were not stated separately, but were included under the head of " wearing apparel." WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 109 No. 12. PRICES OF WOOL IN THE MARKETS OF NEW YORK (1824-1887) AND PHILA- DELPHIA (1865-1887). I (See also Appendixes is"os. 69 and 70.) (a) Price of Fine, Medium, and Coarse Washed Clothing Fleece Wool in the New York Market, for the Months of January, April, July, and October, during each year from 1824 to 1887, inclusive. [From Mauger & Avery's Annual Wool Circular.] Year. January. Fine. April. July. October. Fine. Medi- um. Coarse. Medi- uni. Cts. 46 42 46 34 36 35 38 60 52 53 56 60 62 56 42 48 43 46 40 28 36 38 33 40 37 36 37 44 36 56 52 35 45 56 35 46 45 37 45 85 77 80 60 55 48 50 47 52 80 53 56 52 49 40 43 34 60 44 45 44 38 32 34 37 Coarse. Cts. 31 33 41 30 28 32 32 50 42 38 44 45 47 46 35 38 36 37 32 25 30 32 28 31 30 30 30 36 33 50 46 32 38 45 30 37 40 32 43 80 72 75 48 50 45 48 46 47 76 48 47 46 40 33 35 31 S3 37 34 37 34 28 30 33 Fine. Medi- um. Coarse. Fine. Medi- um. Coarse. 18^4 Cts. 68 60 55 36 42 54 40 70 65 55 70 63 65 72 50 56 50 52 48 35 37 47 40 45 45 33 47 46 43 58 53 40 50 58 40 60 60 45 48 75 80 102 70 68 48 50 48 47 70 70 58 55 48 46 44 34 50 47 44 40 40 34 35 33 Cts. 53 43 43 32 30 45 35 60 55 41 60 50 60 63 42 48 45 45 42 30 30 40 35 40 38 30 40 40 38 56 47 35 38 50 33 52 50 40 50 68 78 100 65 53 43 50 46 46 72 68 54 56 52 43 45 35 55 49 46 43 40 36 38 Cts. 40 32 38 28 25 35 30 48 44 33 48 40 45 48 35 38 38 35 35 25 26 31 30 30 30 23 33 33 34 50 42 32 35 42 27 45 42 37 50 70 76 96 50 50 38 48 44 43 66 65 47 47 42 36 38 32 48 43 47 33 34 29 32 33 Cts. 70 60 52 45 44 45 50 70 60 63 67 65 68 68 50 56 49 53 46 33 43 45 38 47 43 40 45 50 42 62 8 57 60. 42 60 52 45 46 80 78 80 65 60 50 50 48 50 80 56 56 54 46 45 40 34 55 40 42 44 48 32 33 33 Cts. 58 50 37 37 48 46 60 75 50 61 60 63 70 52 46 57 45 50 43 35 45 40 38 46 38 40 45 47 45 60 45 50 55 56 43 56 55 38 48 75 100 75 70 55 46 48 46 62 72 50 53 52 38 50 36 37 40 42 42 39 35 32 33 34 Cts. 40 41 30 31 38 36 50 65 42 54 50 -56 60 52 36 48 39 44 37 30 37 36 32 40 32 35 37 42 38 53 37 40 42 50 37 40 50 30 47 70 100 73 67 49 45 48 45 60 70 48 53 49 3") 44 30 38 48 44 45 41 34 31 33 38 Cts. 30 32 26 25 33 32 40 50 30 40 40 42 50 36 30 40 33 34 30 26 32 30 27 31 28 28 30 37 33 48 30 33 36 40 30 35 40 22 45 65 90 65 60 45 43 47 43 55 65 44 . 46 46 31 37 32 34 42 36 34 3'J 30 28 35 Cts. 60 50 43 43 48 37 70 70 50 65 62 65 70 49 56 60 46 48 38 36 50 38 36 47 33 42 46 45 50 55 42 52 60 38 56 60 50 47 60 85 103 75 63 48 48 48 48 63 66 54 54 48 45 48 35 41 46 43 42 39 35 33 35 Cts. 40 42 37 32 40 30 60 60 40 55 50 60 60 40 48 55 38 42 31 32 40 35 30 40 30 36 40 40 42 50 36 41 55 30 41 50 4,5 48 60 80 95 75 60 46 48 48 48 62 60 53 54 50 40 44 37 43 48 46 45 40 34 35 38 Cts. 30 36 32 25 32 27 48 50 30 45 40 45 50 11 37 44 33 33 25 26 33 28 22 30 24 30 35 35 37 48 30 36 45 25 36 42 40 50 63 76 100 65 56 40 45 46 44 58 57 47 47 42 33 36 32 38 42 36 34 34 30 32 34 1825 1826 1827 1828 1829 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 ' 1841 1842 1843 1844 1845 1846 1847 1848 18 4.9 1850 1851 1852 1853 1854 1855 1856 1857 185S 1859 1860 1861 1862 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 1868 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 1876 . 1877 1878 1879 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 1886 1887 110 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. I 5 a - O >Ot^"GOfOO C-l^tiO CMCarlr-l CMi-liMrti-l C4CMr-((Mr-c CMCMCM issW O O - 1^5 ' (> G^l OO 1^- C^ O *M "* CO CO CO CO CO O^OiO OOOO ^COCO COCOC^J *OCO O t^lClOt>-O O iO O CMCOCMCMCM CMCO m CM IM co :S5 CM CM CM CM rH CM CO CM CM rH c^?5c1 HiCMO ?S^i I "l "l C^l O IO 1C rr CO * * CO CO CO Si clce ^^ lO O CM O ! ^ CO CO CO CO CO jp oo co oo o i a *"* CM CM CM CSr3 112 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 12. PRICES OF WOOL IN THE MARKETS OF NEW YORK (1824-1887) AND PHILADELPHIA (1865-1887) Continued. (ft) Prices of the different kinds of Wool in the Philadelphia Market for each year from 1865 to 1884, inclusive, for each month of 1884 and 1885, and from May, 1886, to May, 1887. inclusive Continued. [From Coates Brothers' "Wool Circulars.] i I* ~S jjllll nil mi i! A "rt lj 1 i " gCOC r>o>^ r-oocoooo^co IM CM CM CO CO CO . . . J . ( CO CM ?ooco intoocc^o^^ ^^ OCMCM cocoro^tMTMro CM October. ff jliil 1! T< O lO 00 00 CO O 00 lO CO C-1 COCOCM COCOCOCOCMC-1CO C) COCMCM COCOCOCMiMCMCO CM a I J II . ?D ^ Ift > O r^ O Tfois r- r- co -3 oo ift co IM co ro CM co co co co c-i o* ->7 CM 1 bd P iif jiii iiii lam i 13 lili 6 co 4 SN ?4 4 co 00 i O CO tO d 30 O CM CM CM CM i I |111 1111 Hi 35 O CO * CM CM co CM ?1 CM CO CM A K o "5 ^coc o -f r>- os CM oo CO CO CM CO Tf CO in ci co t^ o in CO CO CM CO fi CO fS8 3 tO (M CO CM CM CO CM -3* sit fi l! . o to oo o oo 10 co |J323S 3| ^coc t- Irt t- O CO O co CO CM rr 'f TT* CO CO CM CO V CO CO CO CO Cl CM CM CO CM March. Dull and lower. . o to cs o t-- to >* oo 10 to t-i ro o Qg^*cocococM cocorococM ^^^ 3SS1 S OO '-O CM CO CM IM CO CM I*" M 0) ^ CO CO CO CO CM CO CO CO CO CM CO -^ CO 00 10 Tl CC January. I~ I 1 COCOCOCOCM CO o ro to 1-1 ra oo CO CO CJI ^ ^ M 00 CM 10 M Ift co oo CM XT -r co 3^ A Kinds of wool. . . K ! -I I I ffi ... 03 1 ; ; '' I ' : : o ' ' ' l tf p : . : ^Q . a 1 * f f 1=5 ' ' S > ' : 3 ' i i I 1 1 > '' i " : J O' ,, y ^ ' 1 3 -11 ; i x; ci 5^2 ^ H r- 5 1- s o : S- - "TT O ^-i f r Q 2 H ^ 1 s ^ M o MMKo^o x X>< Halfblood Quarter blood Common and cotted . . COMBING AX1 "Washed, fine delaine. . Washed, medium "Washed, low Woolw^l m. Q < 11 B t ri| 5_-'~- ; 2 ' 5 ~ ^^ =^l 1 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 113 gp 2rHrH O 10 O t- t- 1C oot*ij . oo co ic ^* ro .oooi^t^--^* oot>- Sw t^m t.r^com'*-^ h ,ooiOio-*< r-oiA ,_! r-| ^ rH j^t-i t-n-t i-l rH ^-C^ M r-l T-l r-t rl CM r-t *'*-* '*-< 3S: co co ( 02 02 ,:TCO ic ic o o co t- C ' M O CO PJ 00 :S2 oo co i ift .*.n co i-- ro oc co CJ r-i CM r-l -H OCO'MOOtO CN r-i CM r-t r-H P, 02 cc o os o p.o t- ift -^ ' .'co t^- t~ M irt "^2323 ' N ^ -i t- co oo co C i7 ff i ) 77 csccV^ooo (Mr-KNr-irH 444 (N t~ -Pfl Unwash Unwash Unwash Unwash Unwash 114 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. * 3 ^ 9 K "-3 I i i 1 w ' w * 10 ' s H . S O C "o I 5 % < t- CO 00 IS O CO CO CO CO CM $}%% CO 10 M CO CM OO O 00 O O C5 O CO -^ CO CO CO CM CO o oo t^- m en t- m CO CO CO CO CM CM CO S2 |l g 00 <* 00 ITS O |SS8SJ5 CM t "* CO t TO CO CO CO CM 1 CM O 1C CO CM (M CMT-I 1 1 111 -S2 I I I I I ^ CO CO CO CO C^l CO CO CO CO CM CO CS -O CO CO O **< CO CO CO CO CM CM M CM CM CM CM I 1 111 ^coco^cocy r^co co CO rf t Active on low and medium. iSS! 22 m >e> 1-1 a> to > m CO CO CO CM CM SM CO CO CO CO CM CM CM CO i-H -^ CM t~ CM CM CM r-l i-s Demand moderate. ^ CO CO CO CM CM 88cf3c3 C O ^-^ Oi IO ^ CO CO CO CO CM CM CM OO 1-1 ^f CM e- I * ^ Op CO CO CM CM SS! ^< IO O 00 ** CM 'H CO CO CO CM CM CM CO O CM O If5 CM CM CM I-H I More ac- tive. 10 -^ CM om ^cococo^c. CM CM CO CM CM CO CO CO 23 CM CM CO CM CM CM i-l 88S2 S ij ft CM CM O Irt ^CO CO CO CO CM ^ co co co CM CM IR2 CM 'I* CM !> CJ CM CM r-l i* e d O" ^CO CO CO CO CM O O IM O CO CO CO CO CMC, S | January. 1 f M to co * o tn aj M CO CO CO CM I^SSSS H - : ; : ; : CO CM CO CM CM 1 fjfjl 00 t~ CM O 00 *< CO CO CO CO CM CM CM CO CO CO O t~ tO -^ *-H CO CO CO CM CM CM CO ?J O CM t- 4 IM CM>i-H 1 Q : : ; : sli ; S i ; i : i ! i g : I 'o g : : g : : :S 03 S ji ii *"! i g j : |1 P ^ ' ' M OHIO, PENNSYLVANIA XX and above X Half blood Quarter blood Common and cottec l fe ? S- Jl S c 2 rt fe " 2 M *P 525 MKW06 COMI5IXG , Washed, fine delain Washed, medium . Washed, low Washed, coarse.... Unwashed, mediun Unwashed, low ant Canada Li Fine Medium Low medium Coarse, or barry.. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 115 C--> rH C5 * > 00 t- Ift ?3 Ift 00 M CO COt -V} O (M O CO CO O OO Ift -* I eg Jj XH e.~5 t~ .If.-o rs c- in * .- .-o oo^t^- coiftoss cio^^o O 00 r^- tO ^f O l> O -^ CO ^O TlSOOiO OJ^JOOt^ OOOCOC75t^- C^^Hr-,,-! 'fc, 55 rH rH r-l IH -^^^r-KMrH CM(MrHr-l C4r-l(Mr-lr-< CU ft, CO CO COCOCJ. t- ao m IM CM !M o r oo ffl - I OO C- CO - r-l t- ift to . M ift ift O * -Mi '777 ^7777 o^-7777 ^ ; OO t^ t- ft ^ssEja i 7\J r-l -H i-H rl IM r-l rH CO CO '-O CO 00 t~ O t^ ift rH i-H rH r-l r-l ,^co .S-: O 00 t~ '-O -Z^p CO Ift -* CO .^MlftlftO-^ fill w*i 7 l i l *i' r i 4 7ii t~ t~ CS Ift ^!O ift * CO -M J^X O * 1^ CO ss coco oocoost- ;S5 s^ ii ii i i'777 "w'i'7777 ' :r i i: ?7' r i'7 t^OOCOlftlft t-C^COlft ^*O Ift Ift CO ->iO O 00 t- ift j^C^ ift CO CO M CU* t~ CO ift CO C<1 -H t- ^777 -77777 -577777 ^^7 Ot^CO-* r- ll.-OCO'M?3 ^ Ift CO S>1 C<1 P.OO t- CO Ift CO 777 ^77777 ^77777 00 O 00 t- -* CO CO CO Cjl M *2 I I I t I "y I I I ' I III ^^l>iOCOC Ci O rH co co co co M j-^OOO 5 O O Oi {^ CC O O -J -J O OO iA cs oc ti CO CO CO OO C^ CO l CO -T* CO CO OO * x r^ * CO CO !M IM C co co CM w eo <)< 10 rt IM CO -J >1 i 7*1 m CM r^ os P.M o i to ift O,-M ire oo r^ to ^ H ^^2?, i to a,ra m oo -H to eo o i I -H .^^ C^ r-l IN rH W I I r-i r-i CM Oi rl r-l r-l WNl ri 4- ro xi CJ CJ CO r-< .ti -3 ,00^ ri.A.000^ ! COC^l Cl IM (M r-l i-l ' CO O . ' -* OS OO b- .iTift CO O to ( IN-* r-l rH r- n CM 5M N . > CO 7^1 30 r-l tO CO O OS CO r-l ( cj.cy^.M 7 cvi 1 ,. ic$a5 ^^2! o r-< os t P"-i os to ic * Q.n * n o * CNCMrH-H S N r-l 1-4 r-l .tTn CM r-l SM r-l I I I I "n I I I II I I I I I i! i 1 i : : ; : ri : ::::: 1 or dark cc \ j : j OLORADO. li j oT oJ O 3 h CJ 1 5 o z Uii! g13* i | T: 1 8 1 \ ill cflya 11 -3 s carpet . i |WI 3 o o o : a i 3 C 3 3 :>; S 3 a 3 3 f o * * * fejal 05 S5S Illlf !llll a a a c a 118 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 2 fT? I - O oo I S g 1^ 7 S Sfe * l! S 41 it i CO o i ^ s i B Q > ^ l I II ill I* * S * 5 Tj< C co co 2 i i i CO CO C o i t- IO CO ^ CO CO CO !oS ^ CM ^ CM CO CM CO ! CM O C~ r-i tfi CM H2 322 -qi CO CO C^l CO CM i-H -* IM 232 W CO CO coco e H 2 8 I S -s CS 00 "'3 Si ci-S Sd, "J !?! ^ ^ *! < P a 1 1 Jl : : : P 10 oi" | N iS &~ 5 & i c. e ir Cf * 1 I T i 4 P, -^ ij d > ' c. ) ' . . 'S H ^ 1 1 2* 1 * A; IP : i- ' C j $ -c s l n j r s . I 2 p- P. ; ; e r*l i i -4 T-H t r- u ; e r- H^ <-* I 1 j |l li i i I! |l ' C. P, : : c lO T > e. H ' e , IT C -c r LI ef . i^ 5 o c ' C : I s g-S ft : : = L f H | : = i j| i-T . 4s * n : I li |S ft I P, i H || | 5 O I i ) a il i ' 0} "? : cf I j 5 ^ > tc C bt ' 1 ' ^ 3 3 | es of Continu Continued. *r ready made .. ind bookings a r mixture of.. fttlt. tr mivfii felt bodies. .. 8 oves, mits or j "5 r- >J I 1 * hatevor kind . 5-S o" >>ci II S- M II 1 11 1 81 !i l-g *z a WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 121 6 S S A s a "Increases rates on certain articles named (wool not included)," upon goods, wares, and merchandise now paying a duty of ten per centum ad valorem, two and oue-h-al per centum ad valorem. b Sec. 1. That from and after the 31 December, 1833, in all cases where duties are imposed on foreign imports by the act of the 14th day of July, 1832, entitled "An act tr niter and amend the several acts imposing duties on imports" or by any other act, shall exceed twenty per centum on the value thereof, one-tenth part of such excess shall be deduct! d ; Irom and after the 31 of Dt cember, 1837, another tenth part thereof shall be deducted; from and after the 31 of December, 1H39, another tenth part thereof shall bf deducted ; and from and after the 31 of December, 1841, one-half of the residue of such excess shall be deducted : and from and after the 30 of June, 1842, the other halj thereof shall be deducted. c 25 per cent. ; alter June 30, 1819, 20 per cent. d 30 per cent. ; after June 30, 1825, 33 per cent. . o o ' ! o o -i AA A A ift O ^ I O O eo ~* 10 . ri TH I '. '. 05. A e ! o c : j 0000 A A A A O irt L<"3 O "3* ^ Tf IO .... ! o A o C C O C3 X PH A D* O O O ift ^ i -f -i* c. 1 a U ! o A o * ' | O MJ i i >; i i i i ! o d A c o e i < 1 o o CO i-l o~ c P O A A JO HC o a A (M C P d d A A o o : : : : : c P K 1 d d A A : : : : : " * 1 i 1 e <= i ? irt ^- i i ||||l|| 1 ;1|| Jjfll ^ .39. i/ in "j P- a> Stajra.pcs'x t?,a;-:: O 6* O ^j. 2 ^b^a'P^O'-MDE^^o llf^ili :|||;|| p'S ^3 a. 2 "E j 122 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. en . , t >- CI ' c 3> ^^= ^ rftS ft 2S 25 d o r-T ^ ^ ^3 ft^ " J5 C-^ 33 -"ojUft ""^cg 6 ,0 ft "d ft o S o S ci y |l I 1 1^ 1^ u 3 "d M 4 1 & t into effect ci" d n i yt X= d.9- i : : : : : i i i hs ci" . 1 *4 c C : i . 1 M a t ! ! ! ! ! Is i-s^ f. c ? - ! i c tf _ ! ! i g^ i t 5 H - ( 1 o-. <* :::::: : : : Jr 1* u _ c * A 58 1 c 5 : : c 1 t 1 j like ani- s bJD t a : i 1 1 i i i : : : i 1 a 1 Cj i Haw or unmanufactured : J 3 3 j i ? 5s S? - = n ; ; i c j c ( j ; C M ; ? ! 1 1 ^ * i 1 i' L; -" n n 3 J" ^ ; _ hair, unmanufactured. Also hair of the alpaca, goat, and othel nials Value less than 12 cents per pound. . Value exceeding 18 cents and not exc cents per pound. cents per pound. Mixed to reduce value to evade duty Class I. Clothing wools- Value 32 cents or less per pound Value exceeding 32 cents per pound Value 30 cents or less per pound Value over 30 cents per pound Class II. Combing wool Value 32 cents or less per pound Value exceedinsr 32 cents per pound. Value 30 cents or less per pound Value over 30 cents per pound Class ill. Carpet wools Value 12 cents or leas per pound .... WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 123 Double duty. TWl.iarhit-D ? 3 J I } 1 | S" - ' PT"! ft"" ft" 1 ft '- > o >o 6 >o ' in o . i-l rH O CO OC CO : OC S _ r a '.'^ C : . .0 . u .0 : 3^^I - " = "" > t ' 1 t Cq ^ ft-; p,-; ft - 6 >o 6 10 6 10 t O co co co c CO ^* IO CN CO ; i ft 3 ' ;:.;. 4 : .> . $ .<* ^ a f C p c ~* ft * , 2 o 1 s. . : : : g iO CO : P u ft ^ ft rt (i o o >o 6 o w ^N^CO - 1 ft \r P Ll ft o P^M^ >~ * " i I 2^0 P tr c 1 j ir C . ^^0 i i hi ' ja c il S 5^ 2 . r a li : (Wool on the skin shall pay the same rate of duty as that not on the skin.) heepskins, raw or unmanufactured, with the innfactures Jalmorals Balmoral skirts and skirtings, and goods of similar description, or uaed for like pur- poses, composed wholly oriu partof wool, worsted, the hair of the alpaca, goat, or other like animals, made up or manufact- ured, except knit goods Valued at not exceeding 40 cents per pound .' Valued at not exceeding 30 cents per pound Valued at above 30 and not exceeding 40 cents per pound. per pound. Valued at above 60 and not exceeding 80 cents per pound. Valued at over 80 cents per pound -. elts or felts, endless, for paper or printing ma- p IT e^ i> 'Z c j -t. c p t c i J c u- t- 1 il 1 = 1? by 52 inches, nor less than 45 bv 60 inches. Of goats' hair or mohair 20 p. o All other ... 25 n. P. f | y 1 7 c S - s ;. t/ -*- C a ? t c ] s 1 p 2 Value exceeding 28 cents, and not exceeding 40 cents per pound Value exceeding 40 cents per pound Vftlnft at Tint, ftTrp.ftftflincr 40 p.ftnt.a r>Ar nniinrl Value at not exceeding 30 cents t>er nound. . . o o 124 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Acts of si! Went into effect |i_ yptjpfj ffj! I" 1 " A 1 ft p, . * ^i c p 44 c. sq.yd. & 35 p'.c. I s j ^d^c53d^ Jfc w p IfS * 39.6c.sq.yd. &31.5p.c. ^ ft^ ft.a ft. ft ft li p|l|iJJ J| p g t-1 ?* June 30, 1864. ti |3 -d . f 1 o e 'd d S? o ' ft s (N . <* . d o ft g 1 8 CO" . P ft "5 'SrH P : : : : : ft s i : i ll | * 00 d t t g 1 t 6 o : % i : Wool, and manufactures of. 555 fe'a-bZsS SS 3 i i i i:i: i 1! I s ~ iafjf L |l sg I 1 1 V*1 I! 11 IS 1 1 1 1 ||1J* i| If i si i s i*;i- ii if :| .1111 1 1 | 1 || |1 s Illlll III Sgoo o 53 fl * 5-3 c "^i: S a es-2 ai S-5 eo ^^^do gg-S^-S^ -3s ft'2 c2-S J flillllH !:-! i Jl= 1 .2 a -a -3 -3 -3 '-3 clb-s- 3 ^>-g as gs^ t> !33 ww <^. A . d CTiO . . ^^ ^0 S?"^ 00 -H p, 10 A ^' w 1 -: dS oco 8 d CJ ^, CO s S^ 4 10 % ^A I ^A d^io CC CO sS II *o ,0 d^ A A dc^ dy dt do d M ! $ t- ea 8 g S* d' i g" 8* D 1 2i | d A A d d do C4 ^< ^ S ^t B9 (M w : : % ^d 4 o o g* 5 A , 5 A ft 1 s* 8 o CO 1 c * ' t J ^ 1 SA I c A A d ^S d s S : ITS S 3 ; ; * e i ' A j p X C s i o t c <=. e u C i : g 1 j 1 1 o d A A s a & c 1 i.f IA c f 5 c S I s ad" 1 " screens, hassocks, and rugs, not exclu- sively of vegetable material (only rugs up tolStW) ol, flax, or cotton, or parts of either, or other material not specially enumerated or provided for t velvet and tapestry velvet carpets, printed on the warp or otherwise y, Wilton, and Tournay velvet carpets .. try Brussels, printed on the warp or oth- B ingrain, three-ply and worsted chain VTitifl,ii r>,arret,a i i \ Venetian, and two-ply ingrain carpets . . ocks, rugs, screens, mats, bedsides, cov- ers, &c., pay duty as carpetings of all de- scription.] *LH. p s 1 p 1 c !i : c uidered, gold, &c ng, ready-made, and wearing apparel (except knit goods), not specially enu- merated or provided for, composed wholly or in part of wool, worsted, the hair of the alpaca, goat, or other (like) animals, made up or manufactured wholly by the tailor, or seamstress, or manufacturer. . . ng, ready-made, and wearing apparel of eve/y description, not specially enumer- ated 'or provided for, and balmoral skirts and skirting and goods of similar descrip- tion or naAfl fnr likrt Tllimnsea _ 3, dolmans, jackets, talmas, nlsters, or other outside garments for ladies and children's apparel, and goods of similar description, or used for like purposes woolen : not otherwise provided for III! IS i 1 II! Hill ! 1 11 o S 126 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. K ei L- t 98 g CO . II Is CD* . 11 1-5 ft ; ; : : : : : : : it |i 0* r 4 4 U>S h> i o || 5 ft 3 -s <1 T*T 3 .s 49 f 4 A ' t d ; I 8 a 5 |i ^- ( oc ft CTW 0*0 HI K : : : ;::::: }i || : , : :::::: l 5 : : : :::::: | 4 * < * F 1 i s s 1 1 t Manufactures Continued. Cloths, woolen Continued. Volnr^T MTTOT. 49 TAOV ann-jrA ir-lT-d :| ? I t 5 g 4- > C 5 1 3 E i LI i C C i c 4! ! j ' 1 > -4- c >( S 1 s Valued at over $1 per square yard, or weighing M-2* *- ; | ^ I 1 12 : 'S : 'S^^2 ;* w < g^-g^r^ "^.i^"^ M w H A P4 O P* 2^ fC 9 ' ^ C8 fci rfScSfZrt Ij 5j U I ! H 1 1 1 X'g 32 S3 S -g S3 g 2 g r g2 e-g : 8 ft i 5- a g-ig, $ : si s& Is lls s s|3 & ^ S .2-a :M SflM & gg ^ ^ c9 o os-fi o o^'EoS I r& a 'S * :^ ^ ft^ ^ o c o o ; R c* 13 oa" ' bt^O) bC I t,co 5 rf T a s a ^n ^ i 'if || |1 Ifl 1|| 8|| I g^ B '^4J St*a S'Sw o-^ ^-rs 9 S ^,2 X S > t, a , 2 j "3 P *3 f*> "3 K-.'cS "rt R cS 08 fcc '3 St*" t^'Sr* > gt> > J>- k S -3 O cc O 02 1 * WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 127 CO 3 < t- ":3ft d ft dftdft-Jftdft o co c^cococo-^coo^ oft -s - 3 : : : : ; ''<$ 3 <3 3 ^d oft >o * d^ d-^ d d ft d ft d ft CO OO if 3 ft : : : i i i^ ft ^ ^o ^"d ft *o coco ^ d do n 1 I c 1*1* fi P i : <$ 3 <3 ,5 O'jjj 0,2 d 10 10 10 10 o I #1 . j : ft ft ft : i : : : : ftft : : : : : ''.&&&'.' :::: ^^ : : : ool, worsted, the hair or other animals- ing 20 cents per square Valued at above 20 cents per square vard All weighing over 4 ounces per square yard . . . ::::::: ::::= : : 8 : : : : : :::: : g- : : : : : 1 ' : . 1 1 J. ::::::: : i : : f '. : s : : : : : : : : : *g 3 s "S ^ i : : : : : * - 5 :* : : : i^aft 'S 4 *d "fl r d * S >> lOSooo i! 1 1 i 1 1 ji 1 1 1 1 J i!,i f 1 1 ft i iU i i 1 I fiK 1 s s B , s s 1 1 1 a Valued at not exceeding 40 cents per pound Valued at not exceeding 30 cents per pound Valued at above 30, and not exceeding 40 cents per pound Valued at above 40, and not exceeding 60 cents per pound Valued at above 60, and not exceeding 80 cents per pound Valued at above 80 cents per pound Composed in part of w of the alpaca, goat Valued at not exceed yard . . . "5-3 05 S-S'- g ^ a fcCr^r-J,-; -g ^r* J *^Tfe ^2oaa g Itll II 1 illls'U I , ^M.3^ o Is *" ^ fl F- c a c o 3 ^3t? Sr a, ^ *g,| | llllH | I sssi | sis 5 ^-a ^|-ia^ft | i.f'st tjll j i| ^ iiiiii 2 ! ^ -*-"a 5"^ ? 3 5* 3 ''o"c ^OP <)> P* p- P" P* P-ls^R 128 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. I ^ i & fn O (O A w B O 'o g g Acts of ce oo Went into effect . w 1 1 if 00 i- w . ,2 A I *.4 + .*^ O 5 ,a i H* Wool, and manufactnres of. Manufactures Continued. Knit good.- : Caps, gloves, leggins, mits, socks, stockings, wove shirts and drawers, and all similar articles made on frames Valued at not exceeding 40 cents per pound Valued at not exceeding 30 c^uts per pound. . . Valued at above 30 and not exceeding 40 cents fL i-W" Valued at above 40 and not exceeding 60 cents Valued at above 60 and not exceeding 80 cents nftr nnii nil Valued at above 80 cents per pound Laces, fringes, tassels, and trimmings commonly^ used by upholsterers and coach -makt-rs . Lastings, mohair cloth cut iu strips or patterns of the size and shape for shoes, boots, bootees, or buttons exclusively. (From and after l^t>7, buttons exclusively.) Eags (1842), shoddy, inungo, waste, and flocks Shiiwla: Valued at over $1 per square yard, or weighing leas than 12 ounces* ner square yard WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 129 6i Si oS I s I!" . Si I s . O 5ft *S > "35 o ^-2 - i "3 T3 OXJ a 3 I -9 ill 1=1 ! S wi 60 j^.S ^^^ j D 5 53 d o )r 3 -3 "3 :>. ^> >. ^ . w ^^^1 Wliaf t o iiilll ^HftSi a^aft -il?iti "a fe a fe * fe tlBi 49 * g g wupjt,,^ af^, gp^p--8p. 'Si 20 ?! O 63 53 , S2 -g-S s -a is -32 t> > > V a Goa Cam 5402 WOOL 9 130 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. rf S3 R ft I- ! 45 s 9 8 3 ,a ft ft ; ; o ;:;;;; : , ; p. p, ; : ' ' !i g--M 2 <2,a , 53 - 1 f * M i nil '' ^ G t? O P 5 ^ a ai O ft n m ts ' : S WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 1 a -2 131 e^ a ~ ~^ 3 oSS ftflff _g o p, < T,s lll *T3 ^^ P.*^ 4^ ^"* 4^ T^, ^ '5 W o g_g o 132 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 13a. SYNOPSES OF DECISIONS IN CUSTOMS CASES BY THE TREASURY DEPART- MENT RELATING TO WOOL AND THE MANUFACTURES OF WOOL, UNDER THE TARIFF ACT OF MARCH3, 1883, WHICH WENT INTO EFFECT JULY 1, 1883. [Department No. 15, January 26, 1884. | (1) Matelass6 cloth, composed of silk and wool, of which silk is chief value. Held to be dutiable at 50 per cent, ad valorem, under paragraph 383 and section 2499 of the Revised Statutes. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia, Pa.) (2) Wool noils held to be dutiable as washed wools, and not as scoured wools, and to be assigned to the class of wools from which the noils are taken. (Letter to col- lector of customs at Boston, Mass. ) (3) Merino trousers, shirts, hose, &c., composed mainly of cotton, having an' inte- gral part of wool, claimed to be dutiable under paragraph 323, for stockings, &c., composed wholly of cotton. Held to be dutiable under paragraph 362, for goods made in part of wool. (Letter to collector of customs at Chicago, 111.) [Department No. 38, March 1, 1884.] (4) Zephyr yarns, packed in paper wrappers having labels thereon. Held to be dutiable at a valuation which included that of the labels and paper wrappers. (Let- ter to collector f customs at Philadelphia, Pa. ) [Department No. 46, March 15, 1884.] (5) Woolen bands which are intended for use as badges of mourning on men's hats are not commercially known as " trimmings " for hats, nor are they the materials which are used in the manufacture of hats. They are not, therefore, entitled to ad- mission at the rate of 30 per cent, ad valorem, as " trimmings for hats." (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) [Department No. 59, April 19, 1884.] (6) Hats made of Tweed cloth, being composed in part of wool, held not to be duti- able as hats of wool, but to be charged with 30 per cent., under paragraph 400, in ac- cordance with the Department's ruling of September 1, 1860. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston.) [Department No. 63, April 26, 1884.] (7) Worsted laces, held not to be dutiable as dress trimmings under paragraph 368, but to be dutiable under the provision of paragraph 362, for all manufactures of every description, composed wholly or in part of worsted. (Letter to collector of cus- toms at New York.) [Department No. 72, May 10, 1884.] (8) The concluding proviso of paragraph 365, relating to women's and children's dress-goods, &c., that all such goods weighing over 4 ounces to the square yard shall pay a duty of 35 cents per pound and 40 per cent, ad valorem, held to apply only to goods composed wholly of wool, worsted, &c., or of a mixture of {hem, and not to those described in the first part of said paragraph, which are composed in part of wool, worsted, &c. (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) [Department No. 90, June 21, 1884.] (9) So-called waste, which is obtained from the thread waste of scoured wool by what is known as the garootiug process, held to be dutiable as wool and not as wool waste. (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 133 [Department No. 136, August 9, 1884.] (10) Decision No. 6428, of June 28, 1884, does not apply to all hosiery and gloves, "but only to such gloves as are composed of a cotton exterior and wool lining, the wool portion being quite an important feature. Knit goods and all goods made on knit- ting-frames are to be classified under paragraph 363, T. I., new. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) (11) The dutiable value of Italian cloths includes the value of the tillots. (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) [Department No. 143, August 23, 1884.] (12) Woolen carpets woven in same manner as Brussels carpets and of the same materials, with the exception that a metal thread is introduced at irregular intervals, are dutiable under paragraph 371 as Brussels carpets. (Letter to surveyor of customs at Cincinnati, Onio.) [Department No. 146, August 30, 1884.] (13) The value of " rollings," which is a process of making up dress-goods in mer- chantable condition, is part of the dutiable value of the goods. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston. ) [Department No. 171, November 22, 1884.] (14) Woolen or worsted yarns, cut in lengths for the purpose of knitting into mats, are dutiable under the provision for yarns in schedule K. The fact that they are cut in unusual lengths does not remove them from the category of yarns. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) (15) Si Ik-and- worsted cloaks, matelasse" cloth, which is a fabric composed of silk, wool or worsted, and cotton, are dutiable under the provision for woolen cloaks, at the rate of 45 cents per pound and 40 per cent, ad valorem. (Letter to collector of customs at New York. ) [Department No. 5, January 3, 1885.] (16) Mohair noils, fit only for use as carpet-stock, are to be classified under class 3 of schedule K ; when fit for any other purpose they are to be placed in class 2. (Letter to collector of customs afc Boston.) [Department No. 10, January 17, 1885.] (17) So-called " Scotch bonnets," consisting of woolen caps, which are partly woven and partly knitted, are dutiable at compound rate, under schedule K and not under schedule N, T. I, new, 400. (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) [Department No. 25, February 14, 1885.J (18) Silk and worsted shawls of which silk is a component of chief value, are dutiable as manufactures of silk under schedule L, when that rate of duty is higher than that imposed by the wool tariff, section 2499, prescribing that when two rates of duty are applicable the highest rate shall be exacted. [Department No. 28, February 24, 1885.] (19) So-called " turbans," made wholly or in part of wool, are dutiable, under schedule K, paragraph 363, and not under paragraph 400, at a duty of 30 per cent, ad valorem. (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) [Department No. 51, April 18, 1885.] (20) Cloaks made of worsted cloth, lined with fur, are dutiable under paragraph 367, schedule K, and are not dutiable as fur cloaks, as* claimed by the appellant. (Letter to collector 3f customs at New York.) 134 WOOL AND MANUFACTUKES OF WOOL. [Department No. 54, April 25, 1885.] (21) Textile fabrics, composed of goat's-hair, cotton, and silk, silk being the com- ponent of chief value, are dutiable, under schedule K, as manufactures composed wholly or in part of the hair of the alpaca, goat, or other animals, where the duties imposed by that schedule are higher than those imposed by schedule L, relating to manufactures of which silk is the component of chief value. (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) [Department No. 58, May 2, 1885.] (22) So called "wool-waste,"composed of about 50 per cent, of broken tops, laps, and slubbings, the balance being fine rovings with a very small percentage of spin- ners' waste, the noil having all been combed out, is dutiable according to the charac- ter of the wool from which it is taken. This case embraces stock from Australian wool, dutiable at 10 cents per pound, when scoured, is liable to a duty of three times that rate. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston.) [Department No. 71, May 23, 1885.] (23) The proviso in schedule K, T. I., new, 365, does not cover "women's and chil- dren's dress-goods, coat-linings, Italian cloths, and goods of like description, composed in part of wool, worsted, the hair of the alpaca, goat, or other animals," specified in the first portion of the paragraph, and decision 6429 is revoked. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) [Department No. 79, June 6, 1885. J (24) Certain wool and worsted panels or screens, with paintings thereon for the purpose of ornamentation, are not paintings within the meaning of the law, but are dutiable at the rate of 35 cents per pound and 40 per cent, ad valorem, being valued at over 80 cents per pound, under schedule K, T. I., new, 362. (Letter to collector of customs at New York. ) (25) Certain umbrella-cloths, composed of a mixture of worsted and cotton, with stripes or borders woven at the sides, which render them fit exclusively for the man- facture of umbrellas, are dutiable according to value per pound, under schedule K, T. I., new, 363. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston.) [Department No. 118, July 25, 1885.] (26) Certain so-called "gray China wool," which was returned by the appraiser as "China cashmere goat hair," and is known commercially by the latter name, is dutiable at the rate prescribed by T. I., new, 358, for " all hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals." Decision 5743 and any other rulings to the contrary are re- voked. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) (27) Certain mohair or goat's hair noils are held to be dutiable under the provis- ion of T. I., new, 358, for "all hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals." (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) (28) Certain "Cheviot britch" wool, erroneously invoiced and entered as carpet britch, the product of sheep of mixed English blood, is dutiable under the provision of T. I., new, 358, for ' wools of the second class." (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) (29) Dress-goods composed of silk and wool, which are provided for under T. L, new, 365, for "women's and children's dress-goods, * * * composed in part of wool, worsted, the hair of the alpaca, goat, or other animals," are dutiable thereun- der, notwithstanding the fact that silk may be the component of chief value. (Let- ter to collector of customs at New York.) WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL 135 [Department No. 124, August 7, 1885.] (30) In fixing the value for classification of imported carpet-wools, the cost of bags in the foreign country should not be added. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia, Pa.) [Department No. 129, August 29, 1885.] (31) Certain so-called " wool waste," which was found to consist of China cashmere goat's hair, from which the long hairs had been combed and which was imported ap- parently in a carded condition, is dutiable under paragraph 358, T. I., new, schedule K, which provides for " all hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals." (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) (32) Certain black cattle-hair yarn is dutiable at the rate of 10 cents per pound and 35 per cent, ad valorem, under the provisions in schedule K, T. I., 363. (Letter to collector of customs at New York.) (33) Certain soA;allt,d moquette, a fabric of worsted and cotton, made of the same materials, and by the same process as patent velvet carpets, but which is used, for covering seats in railway cars, barbers' chairs, &c., is dutiable at the rate of 35 cents per pound and 40 per cent, ad valorem, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., n#w, 363, for " all manufactures of every description, composed wholly or in part of worsted." (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) [Department No. 164, October 31, 1885.] (34) Certain wool and rubber water-proof cloaks are held to be dutiable at the rate of 40 per cent, ad valorem and 45 cents per pound, under the special provision in schedule K, T. 1., new, 367, for * * * " cloaks composed wholly or in part of wool." (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) (35) Certain wool or hair taken from Angora goat skins, imported from the Cape of Good Hope, which was found to consist of a fine quality of combing-wool, was held to be dutiable at the rate of 10 cents per pound, being valued at 30 cents per pound or less, under the provisions of schedule K, T. I., new, 358 j for class two, combing wools, including ' ' hair of the alpaca, goat, and other like animals. " This wool or hair, being imported on Angora goat skins, is not entitled to exemption from duty, inas- much as under T. I., new, 719, Angora goat skins are only entitled to free entry when imported without the wool. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia.) [Department No. 167, November 21, 1885. | (36) The wool or hair on Angora goat skins from the Cape of Good Hope, when of superior character and fineness, cannot be exempted from the payment of duty. (Letter to Keen & Coates, Philadelphia.) (37) Wool-tweed caps are not provided for under the clause in Schedule N. T. I., new, 400, for "bonnets, hats, and hoods, for men, women, and children," &c., but are dutiable at the rate of 40 cents per pound and 5 per cent, ad valorem, under the pro- visions in schedule K, T. I., new, 366, for u wearing apparel of every description * * * composed wholly or in part of wool, worsted," &c. (Letter to collector of cus- toms at Boston.) (38) Wool tops, the product of clothing- wool, which are produced by scouring the wool and then passing it in the usual manner through the combing or carding ma- chine, are not comprised under the clause for manufactures of worsted, &c., but are dutiable at twice the rate prescribed for scoured wools of the clothing class, which, in this instance, is 60 cents per pound. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston.) [Department No. 170, November 28, 1885. [ (39) Shoes or slippers made of woolen or worsted felt are not outside garments within the meaning of that term as used in schedule K, T. I., new, 267, but come with- 136 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. in the purview of the provision in the same schedule, T. I., new, 366, for " wearing- apparel of every description. * * composed wholly or in part of wool, worsted,' 7 &c., and are dutiable at the rate of 40 cents per pound and 35 per cent, ad valorem. (Letter to collector of customs, Toledo, Ohio.) [Department No. 179, December 19, 1885.] (40) Imported wools which, under the statue, pay duty according to their value per pound, are subject to the imposition of the additional (penal) duty prescribed by section 2900 of the Revised Statutes, provided the appraiser, on appraisement, returns their value at a sum greater by 10 per cent, than the invoice and entered value. (Let- ter to collector of customs at New York. ) [Department No. 3, January 2, 1886.] (41) Fabrics composed in part of wool, hair of the alpaca, goat, or other animal, which are not covered by the special provision in schedule K for women's and chil- dren's dress-goods, coat-linings, Italian cloths, and goods of like description, are sub- ject to the duty prescribed for such manufactures in paragraphs 362 and 363 of said schedule, and not under paragraph 365, as erroneously stated in Department'^ decision of April 24, 1885, synopsis, 6875. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia, Jan- uary 2, 1886.) [Department No. 4, January 9, 1886.] (42) Cerfoain carriage-robes or traveling-rugs, manufactured partly of wool and partly of hair, are not known commercially by the term " blankets," and are, there- fore, not liable to the duties imposed on blankets by schedule K, T. I., new, 363, but, being otherwise unenumerated, are dutiable, according to the value per pound, at the rates prescribed in the siad schedule T. I., new, 362, for " all manufactures * made wholly or in part of wool." Letter to collector of customs at New York, Jan- uary 4, 1886.) f Department No. 5, January 16, 1886.] (43) Certain skin jackets, lined throughout with wool flannel, are held to be duti- able at the rate of 40 cents per pound and 35 per cent, ad valorem, under the provis- ion in schedule K, T. I., new, 366, for u wearing apparel of every description * composed wholly or in part of wool. (Letter to collector of customs at Baltimore, January 15,1886.) [Department No. 11, January 30, 1886. J (44) Certain so-called " flannels," which, upon examination, were found to con- sist of a fabric known as "muslin delaines," manufactured of worsted, and to be women's and children's dress goods, are dutiable under the provisions therefor in schedule K, T. I., new, 365. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, January 27, 1886.) [Department No. 26, February 27, 1886.] (45) Certain Mexican wool, which, although of very poor quality, was found to consist of a mixture of 24 per cent, of merino or first-class wool, the remaining por- tion being carpet or third-class wool, was held to be dutiable, in the condition in which imported, as wool of the first class, the statute (schedule K, T. I., new, 353) requiring all merino wools or other wools of merino blood, immediate or remote, to be classified as such. Where, however, the different classes of wools can be sepa- rated for the purpose of classification, the merino portion may be classified as such } and the third class, or carpet wools, subjected to the rate of duty prescribed by law therefor. (Letter to collector of customs at Corpus Christi, February 27, 1886.) WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 137 [Department No. 30, March 13, 1886.] (46) Worsted "coatings," so called, which, upon examination, are found to be com- posed of wool, worsted, and cotton, cannot be classified under paragraph 363, in schedule K, act of March 3, 1883, inasmuch as goods composed in part of wool are expressly excluded from such classification. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, March 10, 1886.) [Department No. 40, April 3, 1886.] (47) Certain Donskoi wools, which for more than twenty years have been classified as washed wools, upon a thorough investigation are held to be entitled to that classi- fication. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, March 29, 1886.) [Department No. 46, April 24, 1886.] (48) Noils (wool or mohair) should be classified the same as the wools from which they are made ; so that, if the noils come from class one wool, they should be classed as clorhing wool, either washed or scoured, as the case may be. If the noils are made from class two wool, or hair of the alpaca, goat, or other like animals, they should be classed as combing wools, and, if scoured, pay three times the rate to which the wool or hair is dutiable in the unwashed condition. If these class-two wools are simply washed and not scoured, they pay but a single rate of duty. Decision synopsis 1404 will be considered as modified to accord with these views. (Letter to collector of cus- toms at Boston, April 20, 1886. (49) Weardale carpets, so called, which are not carpets woven whole for rooms, but simply ingrain carpets, intended to be placed as crumb-cloths over carpets for their preservation, are dutiable at the rate of 8 cents per square yard and 30 per cent, ad- valorem, as two-ply ingrain carpets, under the provision therefor in schedule K, T. I., new, 375. (Letter to surveyor of customs at Cincinnati, April 21, 1886.) [Department No. 61, May 22, 1886.] (50) The cost of boards on which woolen dress goods are rolled should be excluded in estimating the dutiable value of such goods, inasmuch as such cost is incurred after the goods are finished and in putting them up for shipment. (Letter to the c ollector of customs at Baltimore, May 19, 1886.) (51) The cost of skeining worsted yarns, imported in skeins weighing less than one ounce each, is a part of the finishing process of the goods, and cannot be deducted in ascertaining the dutiable value of such merchandise. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston, May 21, 1886.) [Department No. 66, June 5, 1886.1 (52) Certain wax figures dressed in wool clothing, which latter is firmly fastened to the figures so that it cannot be removed without taking the whole to pieces, the legs and arms also being stuffed with wool and cotton, and the feet covered with wool socks and shoes, are held to be dutiable at the rate of 35 cents per pound and 35 per cent, ad valorem, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., new, 362, for " all manu- factures of wool of every description, made wholly or in part of wool, not specially enumerated or provided for in this act." (Letter to. collector of customs at Phila- delphia, June 5, 1886.) [Department No. 74, June 19, 1886.] (53) Snow-white cape wool is admit; ed on all hands to be scoured wool of the first cla'ss, and is, therefore, dutiable at the rate of 30 cents per pound. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston, June 19, 1886.) 138 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. [Department No. 88, July 3, 1886.] (54) Goat's hair, imported as such, is liable to a duty of 10 cents per pound, with- out regard to quality or use for which it may be intended, under the provision in schedule K, for " all hair of the * * * goat." (Letter to Henry Schmidt, Phila- delphia, July 2, 1886. ) [Department No. 93, July 17, 1886.1 (55) Wool-lace dress goods, 41 inches wide, used for women's and children's dresses are dutiable, under the provision in T. L, new, 365, for women's and children's dress- goods. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, July 8, 1886.) (56) Chinese shoes, composed of cotton, leather, pith, &c., having soles about one inch in thickness, which are composed largely of hair are dutiable under the provis- ion in T. I., new, 366, for wearing apparel of every description, composed wholly or in part of wool, worsted, the hair of the alapaca, goat, or other animals. (Letter to collector of customs at Chicago, July 8, 1886. (57) So-called " fancy zephyrs," or cloth, the body of which is cotton, and which j8 ornamented by being partly covered with tufts of worsted, the worsted adding largely to the value of the goods, and which is manufactured for women's and chil- dren's dress-goods, is dutiable under the provision for such goods in T. I., new, 365. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston, July 14, 1886.) [Department No. 133, September 25, 1886.] (58) Certain Saxolaine hosiery, found to consist of stockings manufactured partly of cotton, but with merino soles, which gives them the distinctive name of " Saxo laine," that word being printed on the foot, and the label being marked " medicated merino," are held to be dutiable at the rate of 35 cents per pound and 40 per cent, ad valorem, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., new, N S3, for ''goods * composed wholly or in part of worsted, the hair of the alapaca goat, or other ani- mals, * * * not specially enumerated or provided for." Such merchandise is ex- cluded from classification as cotton hosiery, inasmuch as the provisions for cotton hos- iery, T. I., new, 32*2 and 323, relate to stockings, &c., " composed wholly of cotton. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, September 20, 1886. ) [Department No. 159, November 20, 1886. ] (59) Certain so-called wool "sweepings" and "tags," which consisted of clothing- wool which had been picked up on ranges after the winter was over, and from sheep which perished during snow-storms, the same being in a very rotten and dirty condi- tion, was held to be dutiable at the rate of 10 cents per pound, either as wool-waste, under the provisions of schedule K, T. I., new, 361, or as first-class wool, valued at less than 30 cents per pound. (Letter to collector of customs at Portland, Oreg., No- vember 11, 1886. ) (60) Wools of diiferent classes, though contained in the same bale or package, may be subjected to the rates of duty respectively prescribed for each class, the Depart- ment holding that the provisions of section 2912 of the Revised Statutes relate to dif- ferent qualities and values of the same class of wool, and not to different classes when contained iii the same package. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, No- vember 12, 1886.) [Department No. 164, December 4, 1886.] (61) Certain Broch6 carpets, which are found to consist, in fact, of Brussels car- pets, in which a portion of the threads have been cut to bring out certain figures in imitation of the figures in Wilton carpets, are held to be dutiable at the rate of 30 cents per square yard and 30 per cent, ad valorem, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., new, 371, for "Brussels carpets." (Letter to collector of customs at Chicago, December 3, 1886.) WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 139 [Department No. 168, December 11, 1886.] (62) Certain so-called hair-felt, which, upon an analysis of samples, was found to be composed of wool and Lair, felted, was held to be dutiable at the rate of 35 cents per pound and '35 per cent, ad valorem, under the provision in schedule K, T. I ., new, 362, for " all manufactures of wool of every description, made wholly or in part of wool." (Letter to collector of customs at Chicago, December 9, 1886.) (63) Ring-waste of wool, so called, which consists of refuse from the spindles that cannot be utilized without being broken by machinery, whereby the fiber of the wool and the use of the article for other purposes than that of waste are destroyed, is held to be dutiable at the rate of 10 cents per pound, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., new, 361, for " woolen * * * waste." (Letter to collector of customs, Bur- lington, Vt., December 10, 1886.) [Department No. 8, January 22, 1887.1 (64) Saddle-bags manufactured in part of Brussels carpet are held to be dutiable at the rate of 35 per cent, ad valorem, under the provision in schedule N, T. I., new, 415, for " saddlery." (Letter to collector of customs at Portland, Oreg.. January 18, 1887.) [Department No. 12, February 5, 1887.] (65) Certain so-called " croises," which consist of fabrics composed wholly of worst- ed 40 inches wide and weighing about 3 ounces to the yard, and which are commerci- ally known as women's and children's dress goods, are held to be dutiable according to the value per square yard, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., new, 365. (Letter to collector of customs at San Francisco, February 1, 1887.) [Department No. 15, February 12, 1887.] (66) Certain so-called " gloria" cloth, a fabric composed of silk in the warp and worsted in the weft, and intended to be used in the manufacture of women's and chil- dren's dresses, is held to be dutiable according to value per square yard, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., 365. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, February 11, 1887.) [Department No. 23, February 26, 1887.] (67) Imported wool noils should be classified either as washed or scoured, in ac- cordance with the report of the United States appraiser as to the character of eajch particular importation that is to say, a careful examination should be made of each importation, and if, thereupon, the noils are foundto consist of what are commercially known as scoured wools, they should be classified as scoured ; but if they consist of wools which are ordinarily and commercially considered as washed, they should be subjected to duty as washed. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston, February 25, 1887.) [Department No. 40, March 26, 1887.] (68) Bath robes and slippers, composed of cotton and Turkish toweling, elabo- rately and expensively embroidered with worsted, are dutiable as wearing apparel in part of worsted, under T. L, 366. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston, March 22, 1887.) (69) So-called " horse-clothing," consisting of hoods and bandages for the legs, composed of wool, is dutiable, under T. I., 362, as "manufactures * * * made wholly or in part of wool," not being otherwise specially enumerated or provided for. (Letter to collector of customs at Chicago, March 24, 1887.) [Department No. 43, April 2, 1887.] i (70) Certain fabrics called "worsted veilings", which upon investigation were foundto be manufactured exclusively of wool and known and used almost exclusively 140 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. for women's and children's dress goods, -were held to be dutiable according to value per square yard, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., 365, for " women's and children's dress-goods, * * * and goods of like description, composed in part of wool, worsted, the hair of the alpaca, goat, or other animals." (Letter to collector of customs at New York, March 28, 1887.) [Department No. 52, April 30, 1887.] (71) Where different classes of wools are imported in the same package, no neces- sity exists for an actual assorting of such classes unless a correct classification of the different classes cannot be determined except by a separation and assortment of each class. (72) Certain woolen fabric known as "saddle-felt," which may be used to a cer- tain extent in the manufacture of saddles, is not entitled to classification under the provision in schedule N, T. I., 415, for " saddlery," but is dutiable (inasmuch as it is valued at over 80 cents per pound) at the rate of 35 cents per pound and 35 per cent, ad valorem, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., 362, for " all manufactures of wool of every description, made wholly or in part of wool." (Letter to collector of customs at Chicago, April 22, 1887.) [Department No. 54, May 7, 1887.] (73) Charges on invoices for shrinkage on wool tidies and coatings form an element of dutiable value of the goods, inasmuch as it is ascertained that shrinking is essen- tial to the purpose of preparing the goods for use. (Letter to surveyor of customs at Louisville, Ky., May 2, 1887.) [Department No. 67, June 4, 1887. | (74) Webbings composed wholly or in part of wool, worsted, the hair of the alpaca, &c., although intended for use as saddle-girths, are held not to be covered by the term " saddlery," in schedule N, T. I., 45, but to be dutiable at the rates prescribed by schedule K, T. I., 368, for ' ' webbing " composed of the materials mentioned. (Let- ter to collector of customs at Chicago, May 27. 1887.) (75) Merino hose composed in part of wool, the wool haviug been sifted in during the process of knitting the threads, which are composed of cotton, are held to be duti- able under the provisions in schedule K, T. I., 362, for all manufactures made wholly or in part of wool, according to value per pound. (Letter to collector of customs at Chicago, June 2, 1887. ) (76) Certain fabrics, commonly known as " Novelty Scotch Flannels," composed of cotton warp and wool filling, which are generally known to the trade, both in this country and in Scotland, where manufactured, as flannels, are held to be dutiable at the rates specially prescribed for " flannels" composed wholly or in part of worsted, in schedule K, T. I., 363, and not as women's and children's dress-goods, under the further provision in the same schedule, T. I., 365. (Letter to collector of customs at Boston, June 3, 1887.) (77) Following the decision of March 29, 1886 (synopsis 7438), it is held that Rus- sian (Donskoi) wool of the third class, which has been subjected to no other or differ- ent process of cleaning than the wool covered by said decision, is not liable to the duty prescribed by the tariff act for scoured wool, but is dutiable as washed wool of the class mentioned. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, June 3, 1887.) [Jjepartment No. 85, July 16, 1887.] (78) Certain so-called " thread waste," which consists of a waste of worsted in t condition in which it is dropped from or is broken on the machine, and which, wh broken up and put through the garneting machine, becomes practically wool, and,, as such, is used in adulterating other wools in making cloths, dress-goods, &c., is held I WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 141 to be dutiable at the rate of 10 cents per pound, under the provision in schedule K, T. I., 361, for" woolen rags, shoddy, mungo, waste, and flocks." (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia, July 13, 1887.) [Department No. 95, August 20, 1887. ] (79) Certain so-called " dentelle " goods, composed of woolen lace, certain threads of which have been wrapped with silk, are dutiable under the provision in the first class of T. I., 365, for " women's and children's dress-goods," composed in part of wool, &c. (Letter to collector of customs at Philadelphia, August 16, 1S87.) [Department No. 100, September 3, 1887.] (80) Certain so-called " sliped " wool, which is ascertained to consist of "cross- bred lamb's wool that is, coming from sheep which are a cross between English and Merino blood is held to be in a condition not advanced beyond washed wool, and, consequently, is liable to the duty imposed by law on wools of that class. (Letter to collector of customs at San Francisco, September 1, 1887.) (81) Where wools are purchased in a foreign country by regular commission mer- chants at the order of merchants in the United States, which purchase was made by the commission merchants in the due and ordinary course of their business, the invoices therefor may be declared to by the said com mission merchants, who, in the opinion of the Department, are, under such circumstances, the shippers of the wool, and as such entitled under the law to declare to the invoices before the United States consular officers. (Letter to the Secretary of State, September 2, 1887. ) [Department No. 102, September 10, 1887-1 (82) Certain cork soles, which, upon inspection of samples, are found to consist of manufactures of cork and wool, wool being a leading and important feature thereof, were held to be dutiable at the rate of 35 cents per pound and 35 per cent, ad valorem under the provision in schedule K, T. I., 362, for "all manufactures of wool of every description, made wholly or in part of wool," &c. (Letter to collector of customs at New York, September 7, 1887.) 142 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 14. STATEMENT SHOWING THE NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS, CAPITAL IN- VESTED, NUMBER OF HANDS EMPLOYED, WAGES PAID, COST OF MATERIALS USED, AND VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF THE MANUFACTURE OF WORSTED AND WOOLEN GOODS IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE YEARS 1850, 1860, 1870, AND 1880. [From the official Reports of the United States Census.] States. Establishments. Capital invested. 1850. 1860. 1870. 1880. 1850. 1860. 1870. 1880. Alabama No. No. 6 No. 14 13 5 114 11 1 No. 14 25 9 102 5 Dollars. Dollars. 140, 000 Dollars. 22,375 32, 500 1, 785, 000 12, 991, 000 384, 500 500 936, 585 2, 962, 443 3, 821, 913 1, 440, 484 96, 000 700, 449 34, 000 4, 187, 745 205, 245 23, 472, 900 1,011,050 246, 600 195, 250 716, 524 5, 316, 600 1,369,200 65, 000 10, 199, 482 237, 800 3, 066, 069 389, 200 17, 588, 913 10, 467, 500 25, 900 373, 868 97, 250 223, 400 2, 330, 900 435, 375 236, 100 1, 244, 289 Dollars. 28, 900 85,550 1, 676, 500 14, 221, 637 352, 559 Arkansas California ............ 1 84 4 100, 000 2, 491, 000 117, 000 149 8 3, 773, 950 148, 500 Delaware Florida '. Georgia 3 16 33 1 11 21 79 12 46 109 175 85 9 325 2 32 67 86 37 98 68, 000 242, 500 154, 500J 207, 600 171, 545 264, 341 10, 000 82, 500 180, 733 1, 433, 353 2, 318, 705 555, 700 131, 925 890, 750 Illinois Indiana .... Iowa Kansas Kentucky 25 37 1 249, 820 408, 500 75, 000 932, 400 318, 200 11, 023, 953 103, 950 Maine 36 38 119 15 26 27 136 16 108 31 220 54 10 11 156 79 34 1 259 52 225 9 488 76 15 148 20 15 66 68 74 65 97 16 271 50 14 8 102 85 45 467, 600 244, 000 9, 089, 342 94, 000 4, 016, 828 344. 010 38, 23i; 375 706, 189 198, 500 331,500 !755, 550 8, 374, 855 3, 795, 695 Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Mississippi . .. 4 11 52 35 75, 500 103, 750 2,621,300 583, 400 1 61 41 20, 000 2, 437, 700 494, 274 New Hampshire New Jersey ...... . . ... New York 249 1 130 140 7 115 1 270 57 1 1 2 264 49 146 10 654 62 11 106 1 11 50 48 56 52 1 4, 459, 370 18,000 870, 220 3, il5, 700 223, 000 658, 750 70, 000 4, 339, 310 3, 168, 500 50, 000 6,000 60, 000 23, 583, 574 203, 100 1,570,340 566, 800 35, 642, 016 13, 022, 116 7,900 418, 664 97, 500 382, 000 2, 812, 161 456, 750 298, 170 1, 359, 964 40, 000 North Carolina Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania ..........:. 380 45 3, 005, 064 1, 013, 000 "" io'900 8,000 Ehode Island South Carolina Tennessee 4 1 Texas "Utah 72 121 46 45 886, 300 392, 640 1, 746, 300 463, 600 Virginia "West Virginia 9 15 31, 225 100, 600 "Washington District of Columbia . ..... .... 1 700 Total 1 1,559 1,263 2,993 2,689 28, 118, 650 34, 092, 654 108, 910, 369 159,091,869 NOTE. The statistics for 1870 do not include the manufacture of hats. This industry comprised, in 1880,43 establishments, a capital of $3,615,830; employed 5,470 hands and paid $1,893.215 for wages; used materials valued at $4,785,774, and produced hats to the value of $8,516,569. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 143 o. 14. STATEMENT SHOWING THE NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS, CAPITAL IN- VESTED, NUMBER OF HANDS EMPLOYED, WAGES PAID, COST OF MATERIALS USED, AND VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF THE MANUFACTURE OF WORSTED AND WOOLEN GOODS IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE YEARS 1850, 1860, 1870, AND 1880. Continued [From the official Reports of the United States Census.] States. Hands employed. Wages paid. 1850. 1860. 1870 1880. 1850. 1860. 1870. 1880. No. No. 198 No. 41 31 659 7,667 399 1 563 1,763 2,469 1,088 91 683 29 3,104 327 25, 825 667 146 116 718 4,911 1,375 20 No. 18 00 835 12, 024 261 Dollar*. Dollars. 34, 116 Dollars. 4,881 6,870 230, 200 2, 981, 070 115,137 Dollars. 3,037 13,226 334, 318 3, 986, 965 108, 504 60 3,767 114 33, 600 949, 020 27, 564 5,488 140 1, 239, 702 31, 251 Florida 78 178 246 383 162 533 120 142 1,749 2, 025 505 124 823 19,615 40, 849 57, 035 936 63, 348 44, 044 150, 276 23, 652 122, 138 535, 185 726,113 269, 432 30, 682 159, 373 8, 900 1, 065, 151 82, 019 8, 976, 764 202, 813 45, 592 28, 800 137,408 1, 733, 164 432, 642 2,000 2, 891, 926 39, 101 574, 164 112, 213 5, 736, 962 2, 862, 492 3,815 62, 780 20, 278 48, 040 649, 628 58, 765 59, 828 230, 106 25, 070 388, 610 487, 381 118,252 25, 825 1C6, 189 Illinois Iowa Kentucky 318 437 60 1,027 381 14, 277 126 55, 267 103, 284 6,720 263,216 86, 712 3, 324, 405 30, 672 Louisiana '. Maine 624 362 11, 130 129 3,265 389 38, 128 1,309 241 218 807 7,352 5,142 128, 310 72, 746 2, 545, 350 27, 284 1,091,329 69, 491 11, 635, 889 168,564 48, 927 53, 100 129, 177 2, 237, 736 1, 392, 515 Massachusetts Mississippi 235 70 2,588 835 22, 620 6, 540 ! 19, 728 463, 427; 670, 142 174, 643 203, 136 25 2,127 898 New Mexico New York 6,674 30 1,201 4,220 253 728 30 6,088 4,229 92 10 43 9,063 249 2,329 179 16, 632 7,894 53 428 100 106 1,895 278 316 785 24, 286 185 2,177 210 42, 261 12, 164 13 402 36 277 2,467 365 357 875 29 1. 361, 727 4,500 257, 215 992, 975 60, 036 179, 160 16, 200 1, 410, 324 1, 069, 176 11,400 2,472 7,680 7, 225, 256 23, 195 374, 472 86, 088 12,338,157 3,711,657 1,173 67, 063 25, 700 68, 108 645, 175 71, 720 44, 861 218, 357 4,000 North Carolina Ohio Pennsylvania .. 5,726 1,758 1, 084, 674 385, 616 Rhode" Island South Carolina 17 8 3,323 1,920 Texas Utah Vermont 1, 393 668 2,073 494 301, 095 126, 818 214, 572 106, 692 Virginia West Virginia Wisconsin 25 105 6,744 27, 036 Washington District of Columbia 2 720 Totals 39, 252 43, 738 92, 973 161, 557 8, 397, 307 10, 153, 938 31, 246, 432 47,389,087 NOTE. The statistics for 1870 do not include the manufacture of hats. This industry comprised, in 1880, 43 establishments, a capital of $3,615,830; employed 5.470 hands and paid $1,893,215 for wages; used materials valued at $4,785,774, and produced hats to the value of $8,516,569. 144 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 14. STATEMENT SHOWING THE NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS, CAPITAL IN- VESTED, NUMBER OF HANDS EMPLOYED, WAGES PAID, COST OF MATERIALS USED, AND VALUE OF PRODUCTS OF THE MANUFACTURE OF WORSTED AND WOOLEN GOODS IN EACH STATE AND TERRITORY OF THE UNITED STATES FOR THE YEARS 1850, 1860, 1870, AND 1880 Continued. [From the official Reports of the United States Census.] States. Cost of materials used. Value of products. 1850. 1860. 1870. 1880. 1850. 1860. 1870. 1880. Dollars. Dollars. 80, 790 Dollars. 57, 338 55, 982 608, 141 11, 351, 425 392, 614 150 268, 176 1,701,323 2,684,315 998, 073 86, 105 831, 628 19, 047 4,013,759 233, 924 30, 539, 366 659, 700 108. 540 79, 566 849, 313 6, 342, 740 1, 507, 256 12, 775 8, 629, 516 166, 497 2, 119, 869 227, 595 22, 390, 853 9, 826, 158 22, 238 503, 737 86,817 98, 272 1, 955,972 317, 800 307, 051 687, 368 Dollars. 49, 361 85, 972 997, 539 14, 742, 091 448, 285 Dollars. Dollars. 191,474 Dollars. 89, 998 78, 690 1,102,754 17, 9G2, 048 576, 067 500 471, 523 2, 849, 249 4,329,711 1, 647, 606 153, 150 1,312,458 30, 795 6, 483, 881 427, 596 47, 783, 083 11. 204, 868 219, 8G2 147, 323 1, 256, 213 10, 213, 526 2, 422, 805 21, 000 14, 633, 186 298, 638 3, 467, 690 505, 857 35, 463, 624 15, 394, 067 34, 459 696, 44 152, 968 1<>9, 600 3, 644, 459 488, 352 475, 763 1, 256, 467 Dollars. 63, 745 127, 430 1,634,858 24, 855, 729 665, 253 ""239 '396 2, 380, 584 2, 887, 547 682, 812 211,525 1, 264, 988 California 50, 000 4, 043, 124 75, 807 150, 666 6, 840, 220 153, 035 Connecticut ... Delaware 3, 325, 709 204, 172 6, 465, 216 251, 000 Florida 30, 392 115, 367 120, 486 3,500 260. 475 110,462 352, 362 67, 293 165, 065 1, 623, 693 1, 926, 670 437, 301 107, 251 852, 405 88, 750 206, 572 235, 802 13, 000 464,420 187, 613 649, 771 127, 640 Illinois Indiana Iowa Kentucky 205, 287 510, 902 31,300 1, 003, 366 267, 355 13, 836, 475 69, 010 318, 819 845, 226 45, 200 1, 717, 007 605, 992 21, 657, 165 139, 246 Maine 495, 940 165, 568 8, 671, 671 43, 402 4, 444, 990 382, 224 41, 677, 919 583, 241 160, 867 211,646 723, 286 7, 854, 9,35 4, 117, 035 753, 300 295, 140 12, 770, 565 90, 242 6, 962, 003 539, 028 67,451,805 858, 766 263, 378 299, 605 1,015,961 13, 220, 850 6, 829, 074 "34, 978," 287 303,160 2, 198, 264 549, 030 67,821,397 21, 624, 204 24, 075 620, 724 80, 500 279, 424 3, 813. 077 577, 968 359, 586 1, 498, 886 70, 000 Maryland Massachusetts. Michigan 119, 849 56, 745 2, 739, 553 548, 578 158, 507 143,025 4, 301, 653 1, 085, 104 Missouri 16, 000 1, 267, 329 548, 367 56, 000 2, 127, 745 1, 164, 446 N. Hampshire . New Jersey New York North Carolina. Ohio 3, 838, 292 13, 950 78, 423 3, 424, 614 151, 005 476. 833 27, 000 4, 427, 138 4, 070, 224 60, 000 5,225 25, 980 19, 550, 793 255, 707 1,395,512 227, 486 43, 6G4, 468 13, 094, 650 19, 455 423, 054 44, 435 147, 226 2, 372, 428 383, 080 247, 543 901, 918 52, 000 7, 030, 604 23, 750 1, 111, 027 5,~321,866 2, 381, 825 5, 870, 117 291, 000 825, 000 85, 000 8, 191, 675 6, 915, 205 80, 000 8, 100 38, 796 Oregon Pennsylvania.. Rhode Island . . South Carolina. Tennessee Texas 3, 282, 718 1, 463, 900 1,675 10, 000 6,310 j 15 000 Utah Vermont Virginia 830, 684 488, 899 1, 662, 650 389, 204 ! 1,579,161; 2,938,626 841, 013 717, 827 "West Virginia . Wisconsin Washington . . . 32,630 85, 743 87, 992 172, 720 Dist. Columbia Total.... 1,630 2,400 25, 755, 991 39, 029, 062' 110, 740, 799 164, 371, 551 43, 207, 545 65, 596, 364 177, 495, 689 267, 252, 913 NOTE. The statistics for 1870 do not include the manufacture of hats. Thisindustry comprised, in 1880, 43 establishments, a capital of $3,615,830; employed 5,470 hands and paid $1,893,215 for wages; used materials valued at $4,785,774, and produced hats to the value of $8,516,569. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 145 B1 . r M H CQ ^ ^ 1 Sfc> 1 2 g 1 i j i i- : : i i i : : i i i- * : : i : \ : i : : :s ::::::::::: :^ : : : :SS S : : : ^ : : :-" ::::::::::: : : ; : : rt : : : <; : : : ::::::::::: \ K : : : : i Worsted V- Combing-machii Braiders. Cards. ^^ F ^ : ! : 1 H | i i i j;j i j ! ! i i ! i ! ! ! i 5 :::::::::::::: ;::::::: : : : 1 J 151 SllfsllSllillSISillll' 1 i-i 5 . '3 - t5 0} , 1 ^ ' oo-^ " w } j pq oS *SpM W wS'[ooSJH SOOO^^JHOO Is rfi-cj s 21SillilS51iilillllsl 00 "2 S|j| 5S ^-i ^H OO O ff CO-^OS HC^Ji-'' yO* -^lOQOCO (^ 5 J5^ H a .0 1 a " 5 S s ""ilS^l-i 8 ^""!!*"!-!- 1 States and Terri i jl j's : i : i : :>,j :^ : ^a : fl 5 -?^ "S : : l|l fl|l'i |l| | ?!! f || si i * * * ^-2 1 ^ouppS^S^ww^sssiiiii^ia^iioo 5402 WOOL 10 146 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. fili-HiiJiila Knitting- machines. rfl- 5 II l^. C5 O ^ O O C5 5O t- tfl t 00 ift >-H l~ PS CO '00^*< CO O PS O O TC C- ffa -CCrf CCI> * 't^ i-Tcc" oo CS^I rH i*Sfl g pa 43 g "1 s WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 147 Is II sl ^il- S 3 3 T-l i-- ^ CO Tjt oiflo o io<* in 148 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Ml OS 3 a l ill.* oeo (Mlft osoo o 50 CO looomooao TjTe>j eg ^< rH t- IO and jjflj 1 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 149 ::::::::;::;::::::: :g . ;g S ::::::.:::::::: ;" : : : ^ : : CD Broad. Narrow. V- oil -l| O o smNmmNNBmmr :::::::::::::: :?3 :::::::: 1 rf I 1 1 1 3 Combing-machines. Foreign. American. Daily Daily > -*- C Sd in *- ^'/d'" ' wool. wool. O s fc flp , | :::-::::::::::: :S : i : .- : ii j i i i ; : ; i i i ; i i : i ; -^ - ^ I M jlj fi M 1 1.| 1 1 1 M N M| Continued. 1! O O O <* !O <}< N CO i O r'* CO bo I'o ^ : i ; : : *g 50 a . . II 11 i-tCOOO (MiMlM-O+^I Seaming looms on Hand- JJJJ andcro- Knitting woolen looms. ? cheting looms, goods. frames. machine \ : : :s :::::::::::::::::::: ijjj j J![]|lj jjJIIjHsjil fli i i : i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i scoured wool. wool. ;:;::::::;::::::::::::: : : : : : :- ::::::::**:: :g : : : ; 1 ! I i ! i i i i i i i i i i i i i i is j | i i IliiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiriM: rH- co af S fe 3 CO 1 O 05 K - 1 : : : ::.:::: D *^q A : i : ; : i i i ; \s ' | ' : - -j '. : j | 'S :! "s'-!i' : '^'';p.^' 3 P ' -9 "3 ^ 1 ! 1 f 1 154 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 111 CTJ W S.2 is r-Tio" :^Iis8SiIisiss te~^;3rfS~*gg? ( *'j2~* r ??' OOTaTr-r -4" efi-T ~<0"eo'rH"rH'rH" I- I 5 U Pennsylvania Massachusetts Rhode Islan New York Connecticut ITew Hamps Now Jersey Ohio WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 155 **< OS B5 O O O c33oS l l^ ^Ilsli i |l!! ss " CO ||gj p&w* erf Illlllgf g 1 00" |j| *r X Jlgllll 8 |j O CO 05 CO O O CO (M > 1 |ls-sss-- 1 5:-r CO i siiiSili a IM jjSSfffff i & |SJ53as- 5 , ) h- W fO oo a - gl ^aaaa- I ts^ss (M s> & io . olssal" 5 ! - ilsls^ 1 oT i . lO i^ ^-i CO ^3 iij 4" S gooo^s^ s n p|-a COI-COO T-H ^JOCOr-, ^ o H tl SM M N ::::::: 1 -d :::::;: CJ t> WM i-t i-H 1 02 wfe ^iS<$ig mill 3 i Illilll i 156 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. I O 5O OS I e gf 88 Sf 22 S S o oo" ToTt-^ m" ccTco" I.PHt- - r^ l t- O OS -4 ^ cOiOt-^CO'*^-' *( ^ . O t~ 10 (M (M rH I-H rH S a o o o 2 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 157 No. 17. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF THE MATERIALS USED IN, AND THE QUANTITIES OF THE VARIOUS PRODUCTS, WITH THEIR TOTAL VALUES, OF THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLEN GOODS, WORSTED GOODS, FELT GOODS, HA.TS, CARPETS, HOSIERY AND KNIT GOODS, IN THE UNITED STATKS DUR- ING THE YEAR ENDING MAY 31, 1880. [From the official Report of the United States Census.] WOOLEN GOODS. Materials used in. manufacture. Quantity. Value. Foreign wool, in the condition purchased pounds. Domestic wool, in the condition purchased do. . . Scoured wool (not including waste purchased and shoddy) do... Camels' hair and noils do... Mohair and noils do. . . Buffalo hair and noils do... Hair of other animals do... Cotton used on cards do... Shoddy used, or waste, not including that made in mill do . . . Cotton warp used on woolen goods do... Cotton warp used on worsted goods do... Woolen yarn used, not made in mill do... Worsted yarn used, not made in mill do . . . Value of chemicals and dyestuffs Cords of wood number. Coal tons. Value of all other materials used Total value of all materials 20, 482, 667 177, 042, 288 109, 724, 213 1, 234, 064 84, 080 556, 601 3, 940, 923 24, 744, 964 46, 583, 983 17, 550, 212 3, 517, 580 1, 485, 999 2, 495, 050 142, 250 359, 769 Dollars. 67, 380, 250 332, 419 50, 837 25, 284 212, 762 3, 395, 569 7, 014, 100 4, 374, 985 897, 211 872, 023 3, 139, 746 4, 758, 498 371, 236 1, 461, 467 6, 559, 224 100, 845, 611 Products. Quantities. Products. Quantities. Blankets pairs. Horse blankets number. . Carriage robes do ... Cloths, cassimeres, doeskins, diagonal, and suitings yards. Beavers and overcoating do ... Horse clothing .do ... Blanketing do. . . Cloaking do... Felted cloth do... Coverlets number . Flannels * yards. Jeans do ... Kersey do... Linsey do... Waterproof cloaking "nd repellants, yards Satinets .., yards. Tweeds do... Shawls number . Cashmerettes yards. Balmorals dozen . Cotton yarn pounds . Woolen varn do... 1, 083, 671 1, 114, 827 58, 485 73, 440, 525 7, 095, 924 616, 157 22, 393 1, 359, 296 129, 904 1, 330, OG6 70, 923, 196 29, 538, 959 2, 579, 374 4, 781, 007 5, 838, 297 16, 629, 116 2,035,0)5 1, 242, 979 1, 5 r >7, 537 144, 900 1, 420, 968 25,581,21; Woolen rolls pounds . . Cottonades yards.. Dress goods do Cashmere . do Worsted coatings do Worsted overcoatings do Worsted dress goods do Alpaca do Bunting do Worsted suitings do . . . . Worsted shawls number. . Binding yards. . Worsted yam pounds.. Reps yards.. Lining do ... Ingrain carpets, 2-ply .do ... Ingrain carpets, 3-ply do ... Rag carpets do .. Girthen carpets do. . . Value of all products not heretofore named Value of production at wholesale 3, 541, 429 1,821,600 4,771,140 2,919,050 1, 082, 236 492, 331 11, 275, 884 3, 351, 701 355, 000 914, 587 83, 612 63, 520 2, 238, 076 1, 957, 650 50, 000 169, 555 700 6, 800 820 $3,058,616 160, 606, 721 WORSTED GOODS. Materials used in manufacture. Quantities. Values. Foreign goods, in the condition purchased 15 687 811 Dollars. Domestic wool, in the condition purchased do 25 46l' 515 > 15 9 35 878 Scoured wool (not including waste purchased and shoddy) Camel's hair and noils do... do 26, 334, 635 207 065 40 341 Mohair and noils do 31 598 19 458 Hair of other animals do 519 237 Cotton used on cards do 1 757 84" ? 211 9 93 Shoddy used, or waste, not including that made in mill Cotton warp used on woolen goods do.... do 190, 800 26') uoo 31,300 80 06 l> Cotton warp used on worsted goods ...do... 5. 086. 952 1.505.989 158 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 17. QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MATEKIALS USED IN MANUFACTURE, &c., IN 1880 Continued. WOORSTED GOODS Continued. Materials used in manufacture. Quantities. Values. Woolen yarn used not made in mill pounds . 416, 574 2, 100, 532 271, 255 2, 418, 086 565, 660 6,497 308, 421 1,319,151 22, 013, 628 Value of chemicals and dyestuffs . 2,132 72, 779 Coal tons Total value of all materials . Products. Quantities. Products. Quantities. Coatings yards. . Dress goods do 2, 875, 672 63, 833, 341 205, 000 1, 000, 000 530, 741 250, 000 214, 000 2, 230, 221 362, 168 574, 257 1, 357, 444 2, 612, 691 Eep yards.. Tapestry. .............. do 9,000 329, 000 105, 000 9, 650, 000 910. 553 4, 238, 295 16, 107 Elastic frills do Alpaca do Worsted yarn made and sold, not used at mill pounds Serges do... Lastings yards . . IS oils, shorts, &o . . pounds Terry yards. . Cloakings yards.. Value of all products not heretofore named Worsted shawls number. . $965, 512 33, 549, 942 Italian cloths yards . . Braiding or braids .... .... dozen . Value of production at wholesale a Including 5,000 pounds silk yarn, value $23,500 ; 20,000 pounds shoddy yarn, value $10,000. FELT GOODS. Materials used in manufacture. Quantities. Values. Foreign wool, in the condition purchased. . Domestic wool, in the condition purchasec Scoured wool (not including waste pnrcha l~ ...pounds., do 709, 067 4, 294, 806 2, 733, 796 70, 000 71,000 1, 657, OuO 1, 181, 500 2, 406, 849 Dollars. \ 1,624,871 7,500 5,840 40, 010 114, 660 383, 267 150, 921 13, 878 63, 559 126, 204 2, 530, 710 sed and shoddy) do ... do Buffalo hair and noils ... ... .do Hair of other animals do do Shoddy used, or waste, not including that made iaanill do.... 4, 624 14, 915 Coal ......tons Value of all other materials used Total value of all material Products. Quanti- ties. Products. Quanti- ties. Cloths, cassimeres, and doeskins ..yds.. Beavers and overcoatings do . . 275, 000 336, 160 3, 093, 600 1, 688, 880 1, 642, 485 65, 800 23, 500 Trimming an Table and pia Hair felting . Value of all named I lining felts yds. . no covers do 205, 208 60, 979 1, 262, 950 Felt skirtings....... do... feet.. products not heretofore Felt cloths do $258, 084 3, 619, 352 Felt for ladies' hats do... Saddle felts do Value of production at wholesale WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 159 No. 17. QUANTITIES AND VALUES OP MATERIALS USED IN MANUFACTURE, &c., IN 1880 Continued. WOOL HATS. Materials used in manufacture. Quantities. Values. Foreign wool in the condition purch Domestic wool in the condition purel Scoured wool (not including waste pt ised . . pounds 1, 864, 139 6, 107, 471 3. 597, 279 3,911 7,436 185, 400 1, 368, 562 Dollars. > 2, 644, 293 1,875 3,615 21, 870 370, 963 173, 040 1,478 109, 507 1, 459, 133 4, 785, 7.74 irchased and shoddy) do An Buffalo hair and noils . --- do Shoddy used, or waste, not including that made in Value of chemicals and dyestuffs mill. ... , . . . . do Cords of wood number 296 30, 227 Coal tons Value of all other materials used ..... Total value of all materials ... Products. Quantities. Products. Quantities. Cloths, cassimeres, and doe-skins, yards.. Wool hats . . dozen 699, 428 1, 391, 862 8,194 109 3,176 Straw hats dozens . . Value of all products not hereto- fore named .. 9,358 $153, 218 8, 516, 569 Felt linings yards.. Saddle felt . do Value of production at wholesale . . Felt skirts do CARPETS OTHER THAN RAG. Materials used in manufacture. Quantities. Values. Foreign wool in the condition purchs Domestic wool in the condition pur Scoured wool (not including waste p Ciniels* hair and noils ised pounds. . 34, 008, 252 2, 029, 318 23, 563, 216 46, 300 4,000 30, 840 65, 700 90, 469 9, 544 214 8, 985, 162 ,4, 091, 115 Dollar*. V 6, 975, 129 8,808 700 2,352 5, 250 12, 442 1, 799, C46 2, 597, 182 2, 858, 199 1, 369, 439 3,899 259, 581 3, 092, 248 18, 984, 877 chased d(* irchased and s hoddy) do (\r> Buffalo hair and noils .. . do Hair of other animals do Shoddy used, or waste, not including that made in mill do Cotton warp used fi" Woolen yarn used, not made in mill . Worsted yarn used, not made in mill Value of* chemicals and dvestuffs do do 767 60, 641 Coal .- -- - -- tons Value of all other materials used (a Total value of all materials ) Products. Quantities. Products. Quantities. Brussels carpet yards. . Ingrain carpet, 2-ply do Ingrain carpet, 3-ply do 4, 077, 190 21, 986, 434 862, 394 1,984,201 " 9,441,195 60, 000 157, 629 303, 366 241, 220 12,000 157, 005 40, 000 Rugs .... number 47, 530 288, 614 167, 452 55, 748 Noils, shorts, &c pounds . Lastings yards. Serges . do . . . Venetian carpet do Tapestry carpet do Velvet carpet .... do Worsted yarn made and sold, not used at mill pounds. Woolen yarn made and sold, not used at mill pounds 1, 134, 143 1, 265, 240 Wilton carpet do Axminster carpet ...do Cottage carpet do Dutch carpet.. do. Value of all products not heretofore named $334, 181 31, 692, 802 Rag carpet do Value of production at wholesale . a Including 6,559,550 pounds shoddy yarn, value $559,133. 160 WOOL AND MANUFACTUKES OF WOOL. No. 17. QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MATERIALS USED IN MANUFACTURE, &c., IN 1880 Continued. HOSIERY AND KNIT GOODS. Materials used in manufacture. Quantities. I Values. Foreign wool in the condition purchased Domestic wool in (he condition purchased , Scoured wool (not including waste purchased and shoddy) Camels' hair and noils Mohair and noils Buffalo hair and noils Merino yarn used Cotton used on cards Shoddy used, or waste, not including that made in mill Cotton warp used % Cotton yarn used .* Woolen yarn used, not made in mill "Worsted yarn used, not made in mill Value of chemicals and dy estuffs Cords of wood Coal Value of all other materials used Total value of all materials .pounds. do... .do. .do. .do. .do. .do .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .numher. tons. 448, 758 8, 146, 137 5, 927, 692 21, 779 40, 000 5,150 67, 561 20, 131, 151 1, 523, 263 279, 950 8, 074, 137 3, 753, 566 750, 255 8,344 42, 980 Dollars. 3, 821, 183- 10, 846 16, 000 518 22,970 2,489, 783 233, 823 66, 025 1, 991, 749 2, 853. 722 758, 803 631,060 28, 416 181, 253 2, 104, 800 15,210,951 Products. Quantities. Products. Quantities. Woolen half-hose Woolen hose Mixed half-hose Mixed hose Cotton hosiery Shirts and drawers Leggins Gloves , Mittens Gaiters Hoods Scarfs Wristers .dozens. ...do... .do. .do. .do. do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. .do. Cardigan jackets. Fancy jackets .do. .do. .do. 288, 111 1, 216, 274 627, 234 2, 653, 099 2, 491, 243 2, 671. 712 41, 683 48, 462 43, 310 47, 178 20, 745 105, 321 58,522 Nubias Ulsters do.... Shawls do Fancy knit goods do ... Yarn, worsted and woolen. .pounds . . Yarn, woolen do Sacques dozens . . Boot and shoe lining yards. . Waists dozens.. Coverlets number. . Skirts dozens. . Value of all products not heretofore named . . Value of production at wholesale . . . 72, 050 12, 389 49,545 19, 868 25,000 195, 000 925 453, 350 2,800 1,550 62 , 546, 713 , 167, 227 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 161 No. 18. STATEMENT SHOWING THE WEEKLY AND DAILY WAGES PAID TO EMPLOYES IN WOOLEN FACTORIES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, AND AVERAGE RATES OF DAILY WAGES PAID IN LIKE FACTORIES IN THE STATES OF MASSACHUSETTS, NEW YORK, OHIO, AND KENTUCKY, IN 1885. [From the Annual Report of the U. S. Commissioner of Labor, 1886.] Occupations. Great Britain. Massachu- setts. New York. Ohio. Kentucky. Weekly wages. Daily wages, a Daily wages. Daily wages. Daily wages. Daily wages. i X t h 1 1 fc 3 Female. A i 1 Female. 3 i Dolls. 6532 Dolls. 6266 Dolls. 97 Dolls. 48 Dolls. 'i"i5 Dolls. 1 15 85 1 14 85 Dolls. "i'os" 1 50 1 53 1 09 Dolls. 70 1 40 Dolls. Dolls. Dolls. Dolls. Carders c2 00 1 75 1 10 68 47 1 54 65 32 65 32 92 69 68 pi 97 97 17 1 76 ;;;;;; 1 47 1 00 1 12 1 94 Driers 1 16 2 47 1 25 1 29 iiiiii cl 50 cl 75 c2 00 .'."'.'. 139 2 98 1 43 1 60 Engineers Finishers 87 64 36 16 99 82 79 Fullers 66 05 1 10 97 88 1 03 1 09 1 11 1 03 cl 25 (Jiggers 6532 64 84 1 33 97 98 cl 25 cl 50 1 32 Loom fixers Machinists ...... 24 1 90 1 96 2 16 2 18 c2 00 1 75 Overseers 2 66 2 90 3 09 Pickers 1 14 1 14 1 13 Pressers 1 02 1 30 1 30 Scourers 80 15 1 15 2 31 cl 50 Second hands 1 54 93 1 15 1 45 cl 50 Spinners mule 88 62 90 &2~90" 16 53 "~53~ 1 31 98 Too" cl 25 Spinners, other Teamsters 1 59 1 36 cl 00 Twisters 1 38 "Weavers 83 1 20 50 15 22 09 1 28 1 81 1 16 1 08 1 65 1 11 cl 00 cl 50 79 Wool sorters 156 a The weekly wages paid in Great Britain have been reduced to daily wages at the rate of five and one-half days to the week. 6 Wages per week, Vol. XX, census 1880, p. 376, &c. e Wages paid by L. Rambo & Co., Dresden, and New Lisbon Woolen Manufacturing Company, New Lisbon, Ohio, Vol. XX, p. 400, &c., census 1880. 5402 WOOL 11 162 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL 3 CO' 00 oo leoepopoo^coooosooiftjjtto 'e'e-'fri'Sf S3 ?J~Tf wVoo-r-r-i f T-T gjiii iHilfrl sf tfs* IIS IM o co 338 cf!6~cr 8SS occin 00 I' -*OS(MOr-4 I- in tt lO i5 O5 : cT so" t^" to 05" in" to" o" co" o* m" rHoori-pint>ciO> s T" '" r: " oot^ CO CCIrt t c^f tC cT oT T r-T cS fo B o eo oo 383 Gb 0000 so 05 m o" Tef S8S 111 O'j>l"fff P4fe. I l O5 QC 00 " "TcT coc rn CO I CO OC rH rH Ur.COin oT II (M-oTcT CO O OO O T. 11 t> I TMNrH" CM O rH S&! O" I' CO-rH t^-OCMr-lOrH I CO HrH( t^inc^liOO-QO IOO f: ini-rHocMrH I m TrH-cc"o'co" I o ^! r 59 r-- 05 o cj :si I r- m o r~ ?q co IF- CC 7>1 -^t Tt O t- CM CO (M 05 t- 10" rH " ~ eo* oo" oo" 38 Sr^ 0Sg28 1 it 1 1*3 1 C4 o * ^3 g g^^Sp^cS : :;s : 2 i i i a g & | | c I nS /*!-< -irf O 5 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 163 i r~ Ol CO I i co oo in ii-- -^< Q ' r^ssss 03 " : gll l-'ll g||||g|; illSilli cs"ofiri"oi"O5'fff o" o co o in o c^ oj n -^h *< i n 23 o> 3 o -^ s" i i i i OS O * 3 s so o r- in c^ OS-.00 10 IN" *+*$ t- CO >'rj'' co" Terri acifi ia gton H ag.s H 3 Si 11 2. a^5^ 3; . 751 000 n ia SIM ll 1 t'S-Z* aaSg |*|l c^^^Pn 164 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. I OS M ^f O c TJ< TJ. o o o co r-- co CO OOiOCOOO'-iOO.-H ss t^oot-iMt^-coT-i 'H -^1 T I r OO t" ^ r ( C^-l O CO 'ft ' Tf O5 rf OJ 1^1 >~ C-Q ^O f^ ' HI t^-iO* O5OO ; I Oi ^* CO O i illpllll - " .T-T - ** * (M CO O T-l CO T*< 1C CO O ^ <* 10 !M 05 CO M i-l 00 IM CO ^* GO vH O CD ''M CO 8OOO OOO OOO O O < OOOOO: o o o o o i o in o os o *-Hc^oot^ioocs^^ O^T (OGOrH< 33SSS33SI s II a g ts s g" g g s"s s s" llilllli O O O O O ( ooogooooo oot~ot>oooco VI i" 1 : c^ ir5 7*1 o o l> ft t>t^C.IMCOCOiniMi- :|i| l| niiiiiiiii mill >n CM" o" cc" in" c fT -H" - i i-Tj't-eooo i 00 I OO |i 30 CO OS OS :& i IS3S3 fe" 53" sSre is S liss 1111 > to 1 1^ n > m TII cf 5 CO 00 C i-l i r^Virrf.-a co m ^i 03 C4 C- O CO C O CO t~ t> co'o"oo"'cer m ^H rt CM (M C<1 C~ CO Si in o T? co co i oo rj o o> co c- s SS 53^21 ac rH i-l T< Tl< 00 us" 1 oo w t> t- o * CO t~J3> tb tO CM ,-T Mi-Tec co ief O CM OS CS JO Tt< o l|| ipliljl n^csejcso S 00000 S3,? o""-**" i>" t>"oTin" TJ( O OC 1-1 Tt CO rji rH ?M 00 O T< -H" TiT os" ^ oo" co" ^t O O t* t~ O I O OTt-comoo * rj. T*. TJ. ^ t- co I i> rH"eo"oo"cM"i>"c 6,614 661 Pounds. 598, 088 221 "~5," 291 6,834 Pounds. : 88, 934 16, 755 127, 867 29, 101 Pounds. 49, 604 Pounds. 93, 034 11, 464 52, 029 16, 535 Pounds. 209, 878 221 441 8,157 221 1,764 441 6,173 5,071 Pounds. 87, 964 5,071 522, 691 308, 904 Servia Turkey 661 882 1,323 Italy 1,323 5,291 1,102 221 1,102 4,630 3,527 22, 928 13,448 1, 193, 130 221 1,323 13, 228 13, 448 5,952 352, 115 3,527 Switzerland Via Trieste 16, 535 661 Via Fiume and 6,393 661 Total 80, 688 121, 914 ,619, 914 1, 592, 384 51, 588 203, 486 232, 367 1, 299, 672 Total value $32, 353 $69, 755 $975, 455 $1, 249, 385 $115, 900 $306, 576 $899, 378 $1, 049, 792 No. 22. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM AUSTRIA-HUNGARY DURING EACH YEAR FROM Ito75 TO 1884 INCLUSIVE. [Oni metric centner equals 123.4615 pounds. One gulden equals 48. 5 cents.] Years. Imports. Exports. Wool, raw. Woolen yarn. Other manu- factures. Wool, raw. Manufactures of wool. Quan- tity. Value. Quan- tity. Value. Quan- tity. Value. Quan- tity. Value. Quan- tity. Value. 1875 Met. ctr. (a) (a) (a) (a) 192, 959 189, 478 210 902 Gulden. (a) (a) (a) (a) 34, 482, 000 35, 934, 000 40,181,000 38, 863, 000 37, 075, 000 38,420,000 Met. ctr. 34, 062 27, 642 34, 249 35, 646 38, 497 36, 764 38, 763 42, 924 42, 343 28, 100 Guldvn. 14, 090, 000 9, 898, 000 11, 769, 000 11, 225, 000 13, 623, 000 13, 692, 000 14, 161, 000 14, 943, 000 13, 029, 000 18, 017, 000 Met. Gulden, ctr. 41,557126,696,000 35, 212 21, 963, 000 26, 412,15, 844, 000 37, 358 20, 131, 000 31,81119,579,000 33, 103,21, 043, 000 34,05221,411,000 34, 726 22, 350, 000 30, 352, 19, 263, 000 49, 548 14, 708, 000 1 Met. ctr. (a) (a) (a) (a) 76, 251 120,469 94, 631 96, 997 122, 901 113, 748 Gulden. (a) (a) (a) (a) 15, 009, 000 26, 267, 000 19, 768, 000 20, 379, 000 24, 605, 000 21, 923, 000 Met. ctr. 37, 921 37, 675 38,643 43, 587 49, 338 43, 676 53, 637 52, 840 46, 680 50, 822 Gulden. 20, 718, 000 21, 314, 000 20, 883, 000 25, 114, 000 27,616,000 24, 401, 000 30, 335, 000 30, 025, 000 26, 235, OoO 26, 615, 000 1876.... 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 238, 585 244, 856 255, 856 1883 1884 a Not stated. 168 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 41 r II ' r-rso oo 10 ^> 'T 1-1 < to -^ m c (M O5 * < ;; 3 S :SSi CO' ' rn" oo H oo 07 r-T 10" ' t^i H . (M OOOOC5 < t- -^ CO O CO C I ~-l Tf O O *-H Tf O T*< ^J 1 iO5i-ICOOt^OT( ^ oo os i-( oo >n r-i i <& ei'isfeo't-r co'oo'eo'rH" ,_(,_( Tti OO N CO l>- ^5* Cvl -^ IN 50 O tr- t- C Manu- factures of wool. Manufactures of wool. Yarn. Other manufactures. Quantity. Value. Value. Quantity, j Value. Quantity. Value. 1874 . Kiloqrams. 51, 054, 000 45, 825, 000 51, 905, 000 48. 954, 000 46, 541, 000 43, 287, 000 49, 265, 000 45, 509, 000 57, 005, 000 48, 358, 000 36, 417, 000 Francs. 114, 871, 000 114, 562, 000 155, 714, 000 159, 099, 000 146, 604, 000 140, 683, 000 184, 743, 000 177, 485, 000 114, 010, 000 96, 710, 000 72, 835, 000 Francs. 26, 318, 000 26, 765, 000 25,710.000 22, 981, 000 21, 946, 000 19, 266, 000 23, 494, 000 22, 746, 000 22, 210, 000 20, 817, 000 21,025,000 Kilograms. 4, 949, 000 4, 571, 000 3, 689, 000 4, 880, 000 6, 392, 000 6, 541, 000 7, 699, 000 7, 790, 000 6, 864, 000 8, 966, 000 8, Oil, 000 Francs. 49, 369, 000 47, 854, 000 39, 527, 000 48, 890, 000 67, 511, 000 63, 551, 000 78,516,000 73, 987, 000 41,961,000 55, 240, 000 53, 227, 000 Kilograms. 2, 792, 000 2, 608, 000 2,318,000 2, 256, 000 2, 723. 000 1, 938, 000 1, 918, 000 2, 180, 000 2, 356, 000 1, 982, 000 2, 219, 000 Francs. 43, 390, 000 41, 628, 000 38, 953, 000 34, 195, 000 38, 960, 000 " 25, 754, 000 27, 903, 000 31, 365, 000 30, 380, 000 25, 168 000 26, 469, 000 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 No. 25. STATEMENT SHOWING BY COUNTRIES THE QUANTITIES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM DENMARK IN 1884." Countries from which imported and to which exported. Felt for ships' sheathing. Yarns. Tin colored. Colored. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Danish Possessions : Faroe Islands Pounds. Pounds. 248 860 Pounds. 1 Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Iceland . 5 2 10 125 108, 513 24, 888 77, 378 23, 693 274, 354 188 6,375 724 1, 339 West Indies Norway 4 268 69, 820 5,448 17, 802 60, 450 413 971 6 532 11, 033 270 106 Sweden . 796 93 73 16, 250 2, 778 49, 972 7,468 Germany : Hamburg Luebeck" Schleswig-Holstein 1,163 All otherGermany Great Britain and Ireland 902 1,022 744, 603 Netherlands Belgium ... . 21, 257 3,246 375 22 All other countries 4,309 7,955 Total 69, 962 8,576 923, 280 6,884 517, 594 21, 820 Total entered into consumption . 66, 173 854, 392 495, 335 170 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OS WOOL. No. 25. STATEMENT SHOWING BY COUNTRIES THE QUANTITIES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM DENMARK IN 1884 Continued. Countries from which imported and to which exported. Other woolen merchandise. Carpet stuffs. Open and loose. All other. Imparts. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Danish Possessions : Faroe Islands Pounds. 90 234 Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 123, 708 30, 118 Pounds. 1,623 20, 325 1,464 6 167, 654 474, 811 1, 253 7,625 12, 934 41, 994 9,770 14, 771 2,049 61 1,058 Iceland 141 21 55 1,917 18, 342 13 1,449 1,130 112 445 2,220 Greenland "West Indies Norway 246 2,184 154 5,523 43, 026 9,186 32, 041 249, 646 178 43, 366 239 263 42 10 102 1,070 1,291 8, 529 3 491, eeo 675, 105 938, 661 457, 517 973, 895 39, 241 87, 188 56, 974 10 57 49 1, 118 Sweden Russia Germany : Hamburg 5,910 25, 537 3,456 5,726 103 Luebeck Schleswig-Holstein 176 17 All oth_er Germany Great Britain and Ireland . Netherlands Belgium 141 17 118 France Spain ....... Italy Austria. 99 United States of America 90 3,511 All other countries 834 6,199 1,675 519, 948 27, 639 Total 390,019 | 26,837 47, 058 3,047 4,405,072 785, 136 Total entered into consumption . . 330, 254 44, 097 3,713,639 No. 26. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO, AND OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM, DENMARK FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884. [One pund equals 1.1025 pounds.] Imports. Exports. Wool, raw. Manufact- ures of wool. "Wool, raw. 1874 Pund. 1 392 091 Pund. 4 106 930 Pund. 3 967 986 1875 .... 1 376 399 4 449 805 3 582 662 1876 1 292 834 4 118 877 3 869 789 1877 1 ' 638 146 3 573 974 4 931 661 1878 1, 939 641 3 580,007 3, 417, 483 1879 1 572 275 4 145 1 9 5 4 004 440 1880 1 669 408 4 775 051 4 372 171 1881 1 961, 046 4 960,478 4, 513, 293 1882 2 867 862 5 227 868 4 103 886 1883 2 233 953 5,524/364 4,625 936 1884 2 348 541 5 699 830 3 333 405 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 171 No. 27. STATEMENT SHOWING BY COUNTRIES THE QUANTITY, KINDS, AND TOTAL VALUE OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM FRANCE IN 1885. IMPORTS. Countries from which imported. Blankets. Carpets. Uphol- stery. Cloths. Bolting cloth, seam- less. Slippers of list. Austria .... Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 898 Pounds. 12 358 Pounds. Pounds. 809 84 38 215 515 309 Germany 1 658\ 88, 079 2,308 1 156 599 138 484 310 28 239^ 1 586 046 6 403 163 Italy 8 245 16 352 Spain 1, 168 340 5 249 Turkey 230 680 2 498 37 403 403 3 777 689 Total 33 777 1 980 4 9 3 3 609 8 12 2 9 138 486 008 Total value $18, 224 $815, 799 $18, 956 $6,221,718 $182 $297, 835 Countries from which imported. Stuffs. Shawls. . Laces. Hosiery, trimmings, and ribbons. Fez, or red caps. Listing. For up- holstery. Other. Pounds. Pounds. 17, 075 81, 222 476, 840 626. 194 279 7,080 Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 3,980 35, 971 350, 524 172, 376 1,554 Number. 22, 061 Pound*. 587 3,186 2,853 3,396 2, 235 680 28, 075 4,826 22, 895 4,351 15, 505 72, 538 20, 329 54, 165 Germany .. Great Britain and Ireland Italy Netherlands Spain 273 16, 437 33, 160 Switzerland 2,380 11 27,540 2 102 Turkey 21, 088 Egypt. 260 200 Other countries Total 101 136 114 423 1,365 8,603 31, 570 1,211,171 31,137 32, 186 581, 538 53, 068 204, 300 Total value $24, 874 $1,086,819 $32, 711 $64, 809 $1, 046, 894 $15, 363 $18, 885 Countries from which Mixed stuffs. Tissues of alpaca la- Felt and Haty of imported. For up- holsterj'. Other. ma, and vicuna. Yarns. hats of felt. wool. Austria Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Number. 10 236 Belgium 45 108 676 1 186 203 41 282 31 184 5 976 931 566 729 279 18l' 88 o' 563 Great Britain and Ireland 5 772* 876 89 807 7 481 416 621* 365 465* 483 Italy. 1 300 5' 469 l' 35? Switzerland 1 840 1 131 13 472 Turkey 1 696 Other countries 83 417 1 483 2 745 1 314 638 Total 6 104 6 118 371 91 290 9 400 713 874 966 519 220 Total value $8, 551 $4, 713, 681 $191,826 $6, 229, 953 $358,837 ; $175,367 172 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 27. STATEMENT SHOWING BY COUNTRIES THE QUANTITY, KINDS, AND TOTAL VALUE OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM FRANCE IN 1885 Continued. EXPORTS. Countries from which exported. Blankets. Carpets. Uphol- stery. Merinos. 1 Cloths. Stuffs. For up- holstery. Other. Pounds. 53, 898 15, 742 29, 683 18, 316 21, 245 Pounds. 259, 765 44, 189 74, 083 Pound*. 8,045 4,592 1,069 Pounds. 12, 324 237, 486 29, 220 5, 672, 668 29, 802 223, 271 Pounds. 107, 406 1, 979, 587 767, 176 3, 964, 397 147, 796 541, 655 Pounds. Pounds. Belgium 89, 855 55, 609 d5, 139 743, 964 375, 245 5, 732, 866 Germany Great Britain and Ire- Greece 23, 074 Italy 1, 276, 809 125, 180 105, 038 911, 609 21, 364 Portugal 240, 927 1,712,886 1, 059, 546 297, 929 84, 558 77, 04*5 599, 779 436, 182 173, 286 Spain 17 500 165, 892 1,766 207, 525 127, 218 Switzerland 106, 931 61, 446 81 812 33, 221 5,133 Turkey Effvpt Tunis 24, 855 28, 794 8,673 Algeria 118, 176 16, 927 34, 929 102, 426 1, 732, 549 143, 947 69,622 160, 874 United States of Amer- ica 3,148 90,632 Mexico Brazil 69, 996 51 934 81, 213 13, 080 79, 758 250, 252 57, 612 ], 330, 659 81, 096 98, 497 101, 409 3,058 Uruguay Argentine Republic . . . Chili 85, 345 228,183 74, 022 Peru 15 134 United States of Colom- bia Dutch East Indies . . . British East Indies 17,511 Japan , 13, 294 6,572 52, 241 174, 672 56, 169 480, 159 Australasia Other countries Total 118, 504 71,906 112 436, 074 109, 083 848, 162 591, 188 16, 966 7,022,697 | 14,548,813 401,682 I 12,493,334 Total value $542, 032 $414, 041 $89, 020 $6,086,313 $16,557,184 $316,485 $11.210,622 Countries from which exported. Slippers of hst. Shawls. Laces. ; Trimmings Hosiery. and rib- bons. Mixed stuffs. For up- holstery. Other. Austria Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 26, 367 134, 873 204, 163 178, 829 43, 593 Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 72, 344 742, 349 614, 825 1,795,424 348, 060 89, 048 152, 844 753, 865 242, 662 47, 302 23, 963 16, 481 54, 607 2, 311, 291 15, 133 Belgium 7,108 9,125 32, 610 15, 115 29, 846 57, 823 97, 443 25, 966 50, 344 81, 136 138, 453 499, 464 60, 459 128, 793 1,993 12, 196 Germany Great Britain and Ire- laud Italv . . Netherlands Portugal 17, 950 70, 909 103, 409 18, 583 14, 332 105, 197 22, 476 41, 971 17, 306 Spain 64, 696 Switzerland 13, 757 Turkey Egypt Algeria 593 133, 669 British North Amer- ica United States of America 105, 805 46, 061 124, 095 126, 678 154, 683 43, 236 Mexico West Indies... 11, 374 67, 778 41, 997 113, 930 7,813 16, 032 Brazil 43, 141 9,503 24, 187 641 141, 222 15, 130 124,794 11, 186 Uruguay Argentine Republic 7,430 719, 427 Chili ... Peru Dutch East Indies 2,293 76, 270 7, 651, 092 Other countries Total 10, 696 15,641 31, 684 60, 082 145, 235 2,564 83, 830 385, 123 $876, 599 329, 532 1, 378, 029 2, 024, 326 189, 423 Total value $70, 672 I $1, 298, 190 $2, 412, 770 $4, 391, 988 $291, 360 $19, 089, 056 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 173 No. 27. STATEMENT SHOWING BY COUNTRIES THE QUANTITY, KINDS, AND TOTAL VALUE OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTKD FROM FRANCE IN 1885 Continued. EXPORTS Continued. Countries from which exported. Tissues of goat's hair. Other tissues of hair or mixed materials. Yarns. Felt. Hats of felt and wool. Dollars. Pounds. Pounds. 5,821,384 1 677 374 Pounds. 109, 456 30, 693 111, 392 37, 906 Number. 27, 088 64, 472' 124, 574 7,114 14, 013 60, 654 107, 025 16, 180 9,789 9,616 173, 439 31, 854 36, 352 236, 598 115,120 18, 592 176, 355 95, 216 51, 156 6 J, 652 65, 048 5,234 Great Britain and Ireland . 50, 425 2, 736, 299 280, 264 Italy - Portugal Spain 59, 636 246, 534 31, 250 Switzerland . . Turkey Egypt ^. . 17, 147 T Snis Algeria 22, 465 3,822 West Indies ... * Brazil .. Argentine Republic . ... 710 Peru United States of Colombia Other countries . ........ 531 a 94, 637 188, 180 49, 817 Total 94, 637 11, 013, 293 410,126 1,50C,907 Total value 56, 900 a$25, 845 6$6, 872, 899 $260,305 $1,140,871 a Of this, bolting cloths 6,453 pounds, value $8,474. &Of this, $40,269 without specified quantities. No. 28. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM FRANCE FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1861 to 1885, INCLUSIVE. [One kilogram equals 2.20462 pounds. One franc equals 19.3 cents.] Imports. Exports. Years. "Wool, raw. Value of wool man- ufactures. Wool, raw. Value of wool manu- factures. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. Yarn. Other man- ufactures. Kilograms. Francs. Francs. Kilograms. Francs. Francs. Francs. 1861.. 55, 359, 000 166, 100, 000 20, 600, 000 6, 448, 000 21, 000, 000 188, 000, 000 1862 . 48, 826, 000 180, 700*, 000 4l|oOo!oOO 12| 177J 000 45, lOO) 000 12, 500, 000 221, 700, 000 1863. 63, 792, 000 218,800,000 33, 400, 000 11, 006, 000 48, 200, 000 15, 200, 000 293, 600, 000 1864. 63, 028, 000 214, 300, 000 32, 000, 000 12, 141, 500 51, 100, 000 19, 100, 000 355, 900, 000 1865. 72, 663, 000 236, 200, 000 38, 100, 000 7, 913, 000 33, 000, 000 21, 200, 000 302, 800, 000 1866. 86,261,000 245, 800, 000 42, 800, 000 10, 089, 000 33, 500, 000 23, 600, 000 301, 700, 000 1867. 93, 205, 000 223, 700, 000 42, 100, 000 13, 611, 683 43, 200, 000 30, 800, 000 236, 800, 000 1868. 110,700,000 237, 900, 000 54, 500, 000 12, 067, 000 36, 500, 000 25, 000, 000 224, 900, 000 1869. 108, 600, 000 206, 300, 000 64,300,000 17, 147, 000 44, 700, 000 27, 800, 000 268, 300, 000 1870. 88, 147, 000 189, 500, 000 57, 900, 000 21, 300, 000 59,100,000 24, 700, 000 231, 600, 000 1871. 101, 958, 000 1913, 700, 000 76, 500, 000 29,881,000 75, 300, 000 40, 600, 000 254, 400, 000 1872. 107, 862, 000 324,900,000 99, 900, 000 22, 504, 000 102, 200, 000 31, 100, 000 314,500,000 1873. 120, 545, 000 325, 600, 000 59, 700, 000 19, 445, 000 86, 600, 000 31, 300, 000 325, 900, 000 1874. 117, 353, 000 310, 987, 000 66, 600, 000 24, 413, 000 104, 200, 000 36, 900, 000 328, 000, 000 1875. 128, 010, 000 326, 522, 000 78, 100, 000 21, 617, 000 84, 100, 000 39, 720, 000 346, 400, 000 1876. 123, 178, 000 277, 200, 000 79, 000, 000 21, 077, 000 74, 800, 000 28, 600, 000 316, 500, 000 1877. 134, 235, 000 315, 500, 000 68, 600, 000 21, 443, 000 77, 100, 000 26, 800, 000 325, 100, 000 1878. 144, 100, 000 334, 617, 000 68, 700, 000 27, 072, 000 89, 725, 000 37, 200, 000 312, 800, 000 1879. 134,214,000 288, 728, 000 68, 170, 000 34, 996, 000 117, 222, 000 43, 692, 000 309, 297, 000 1880. 151, 067, COO 370, 224, 000 79, 100, 000 35, 062, 000 132, 456, 000 49, 300, 000 370, 200, 000 1881. 138, 332, 000 304, 333, 000 76, 991, 000 29, 479, 000 105, 618, 000 38, 147, 000 360, 717, 000 1882. 140, 983, 000 303, 126, 000 84, 200, 000 29, 555, 000 95, 360, 000 39, 849, 000 401,900,000 1883. 157, 112. 000 330, 087, 000 91, 858, 000 31,448,000 95, 139, 000 34, 602, 000 370, 106, 000 1884. 165, 956, 000 332, 105, 000 88, 799, 000 32, 917, 000 95, 999, 000 32, 337, 000 334, 294, 000 1885. 172, 446, 627 283, 897, 043 99, 529, 962 36, 980, 833 90, 832, 927 35, 398, 776 336, 118, 938 174 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 29. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES OF IMPORTED WOOL ENTERED FOR CONSUMPTION IN FRANCE, AND THE TOTAL VALUE AND AMOUNT OF DUTY COLLECTED, FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1820 TO 1840, INCLUSIVE. [From Macgregor's Commercial Statistics, Vol. I.] Quantities imported from The United Value. Duty collected. t Belgium. Spain. Germany. States, Bar- bary and Other countries. Total. I Algiers. Kilograms. Kilograms. Kilograms. Kilograms. Kilograms. Kilograms. Francs. Francs. 1820.. 178, 000 1, 531, 000 165,000 1, 513, 000 1,495,000 4,912,000 8,351,000 297, 000 1821.. 967, 000 1, 782, 000 508, 000 862, 000 2, 758, 00,) 6, 877, 000 11, 690, 000 955, 000 1822.. 904, 000 1, 922, 000 565, 000 3, 698, 000 1, 909, 000 9,118,000 15, 500, 000 1, 430, 000 1823.. 815, 000 822, 000 347, 000 2, 244, 000 1, 254, 000 5, 482, 000 9, 319, 000 1,381,010 1824.. 1, 316, 000 882, 000 566, 000 778, 000 8G8, 000 4. 410, 000 7. 497, 000 2, 002, 000 1825.. 942, 000 1,206,000 778, 000 909, 000 804, 000 4, 639, 000 7, 886, 000 3,100,000 1826.. 1, 486, 000 1, 778, 000 858, 000 1, 581, 000 732, 000 6, 435, 000 10, 940, 000 I 3, 147, 000 1827.. 1, 4i!7, 000 1, 932, 000 829, 000 1, 977, 000 1, 207, 000 7, 382, 000 11,131,000 3, 07.', 000 1828.. 1,32 .',000 2, 148, 000 1, 104, 000 1, 597, 000 1, 516, 000 7, 687, 000 13,391,000 4, 417, 000 1829.. 930, 000 1, 820, 000 809, 000 1, 224, 000 966, 000 5, 749, 000 9, 27fi, 000 3,059, OCO 1830.. 929, 000 2, 276, 000 1, 064, 000 1, 705, 000 1, 240, 000 7, 214, 000 12, 872, 000 4, 246, 000 1831.. 549, 000 826, 000 157, 000 1, 780, 000 524, 000 3, 836, 000 5, 253, 000 1, 733, 000 1832.. 3,388,000 1, 202, 000 178, 000 984, 000 870, 000 4, 622, 000 7, 862, 000 2, 594, 000 1833.. 1, 715, 000 3, 220, 000 549, 000 2, 140, 000 1,882,000 - 9, 306, 000 19, 140, 000 6, 314, 000 1834.. 1, 219, 000 2, 637, 000 654, 000 3,271,000 1, 440, 000 9, 221, 000 17, 915, 000 4, 752. 000 1835.. 2, 221, 000 3, 818, 000 1, 719, 000 4, 660, 000 2, 427, 000 14, 845, 000 34, 219, 000 7, 550, 000 1836.. 2, 691, 000 4, 365, 000 1, 420, 000 3, 676, 000 2, 014, 000 14, 166, 000 31,891,0)0 7, 116, 000 1837.. 2, 126, 000 3, 290, 000 1,011,000 1, 941, 000 1, 632, 000 10, 000, 000 18, 997, 000 4, 220, 000 1838.. 3, 637, 000 3, 557, 000 2, 609, 000 3, 030, 000 2, 093, 000 14, 926, 000 34, 178, 000 7, 558, 000 1839 3, 035, 000 3, 676, 000 1, 946, 000 2, 746, 000 2, 209, 000 13, 612. 000 31, 937, 000 7, 069, 000 1840.. 2, 983, 000 2, 393, 000 2, 407, 000 3, 395, 000 2, 278, 000 13, 436, 000 29, 987, 000 6, 643, 000 o. 30. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF DOMESTIC WOOLEN YARNS AND CLOTHS EXPORTED FROM FRANCE, WITH THE AMOUNTS OF PREMIUMS PAID. FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1820 TO 1840, INCLUSIVE. [From Macgregor's Commercial Statistics, Vol. I.] Years. Yarns. Cloths, kerseymeres, merinoes, &c. Premiums paid. Quantity. Value. Quantity. Value. 1820 Kilograms. 36, 000 31, 000 20, 000 15, 000 17, 000 16, 000 17, 000 23, 000 28, 000 64, 000 58, 000 57, 000 119, 000 76, 000 74, 000 44, 000 33, 000 84, 000 79, 000 71, 000 107, 000 Francs. 647, 000 540, 000 372, 000 274, 000 320, 000 281, 000 306, 000 441, 000 520, 000 1, 181, 000 1, 065, 000 1, 071, 000 2, 255, 000 1, 435, 000 2, 392, 000 808, 000 993, 000 1, 594, 000 1, 485, 000 1,351,000 1, 996, 000 Kilograms. 1, 458, 000 1, 339, 000 1, 082, 000 1, 003, 000 1,124,000 1, 167, 000 966, 000 1, 006, 000 1,031,000 1,133,000 971, 000 993, 000 1, 349, 000 1,471,000 1, 542, 000 1, 577, 000 2, 018, 000 1, 670, 000 2, 298, 000 2, 201, 000 2, 325, 000 Francs. 42, 737, 000. 39,21l,00(T 40,156,000 32, 808, 000 36, 117, 000 37, 540, 000 29, 542, 000 26, 928, 000 29, 506, 000 30, 425, 000 26, 625, 000 27, 018, 000 34, 052, 000 .36, 663, 000 39, 446, 000 38, 366, 000 49. 188, 000 43, 428, 000 64, 401, 000 60, 588, 000 61, 100, 000 Francs. 48, 000 485, 000 413, 000 439, 000 1, 336, 000 3, 058, 000 1, 892, 000 2, 110, 000 2, 022, 000 2, 330, 000 1, 974, 000 2, 497, 000 2, 982, 000 3, 644, 000 4,125,000 3, 085, 000 3, 736, 000 2, 925, 000 4, 061, 000 3, 883, 000 3, 897, 000 1821 1823 1825 1826 J827 Ig28 1830 1831 1832 1833 1835 1836 1837 1838 1839 1840 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 175 No. 31. STATEMEENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE VALUE OF DOMESTIC WOOLKN CLOTHS EXPORTED PROM FRANCE DURING THE YEARS 1333 AND 1840. [From Macgregor's Commercial Statistics, Vol. I.] Countries of destination. 1833. 1840. United States Francs. 6 207 000 Jf rancs. Spain . 5 '^39 000 7 675 000 Sardinian States 4 093 000 2 06'-" 000 5 070 000 England 1 650 000 5 001 000 4' gig' 000 3 899 000 Switzerland 3 093 000 3 75'* 000 1 390 000 2 906 000 Chili 281 000 9 334 ooo 771 000 14cc nnn Algiers and Africa, comprising 19, 000 franco in 1838 and 94,000 francs in 1840, 683 000 1 447 000 Tuscany and Koman States 506 000 1 19^ 000 States of Barbary 1 lln 000 96 l > 000 Holland 243 000 89'-* 000 Buenos Ayres 169 000 70 000 Brazil 378 000 (549 oOO Mftxi^.o 279 000 493 000 Naples and Sicily G>)1 000 464 000 Prussia _ 104* 000 493 000 Russia 171 000 499 000 Egypt .^ 1 017 000 380 000 Antilles foreign 84 000 339 000 Peru 971 000 322 000 Austria 128 000 199 000 Colombia 24 000 109 000 Hayti 150 000 101 000 Foreign India 46 000 85 000 Sweden and Norway. 69 000 5 000 Other countries ,. 200 000 1 183 000 Total 36 563 000 61 100 000 No. 32. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM GERMANY IN 1885. Countries from which imported and to which exported. "Woolen wadding. Woolen yarns of all kinds. Listing. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Austria-Hungary ... Pounds. Pounds. 220 Pounds. 2, 275, 809 Pounds. 3, 209, 417 221, 562 1, 731, 715 22, 707 130, 733 689, 619 346, 343 86, 420 260, 808 4, 031, 552 48, 722 748, 684 415, 569 1 102 Pounds. 41, 447 441 2,425 Pounds. 72, 972 ""5,736 5, 071 3,307 46, 076 11, 244 5,732 10, 141 15,873 Bremen (free port) Hamburg (free port) 441 1, 358, 455 7, 539, 692 Belgium Denmark ... ""4~850 France 2"0 2, 562, 898 27, 052, 627 441 8,157 Great Britain 441 Italy Netherlands 3,527 1 102 ""3," 307 Russia , Spain Sweden and Norway 13, 889 29, 101 9,4SO Switzerland . . . 2,425 1,102 1, 569, 655 1,323 Turkey United States of America 216, 933 358, 959 All other countries 244, 559 6,834 Total 3,086 6,392 42, 612, 293 12, 520, 845 53, 793 235, 450 176 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 32 STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM GERMANY IN 1885 Continued. Countries from which imported and to which exported. Coarse felts. Bugs and felts, printed, &c. Hosiery. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Pounds. 26, 455 441 39, 242 Pounds. 104,719 21, 385 193, 343 9,480 21, 605 661 169, 313 22, 928 Pounds. 74, 956 5,732 45, 633 33, 951 "63," 933 274, 693 Pounds. 378, 969 103, 175 629,415 238, 758 109, 567 349, 429 95, 018 180, 336 199, 075 130, 733 72, 531 88, 184 240, 522 Pounds. 20, 723 12, 346 42, 108 3,748 2,425 58, 861 30, 644 ""7," 275" 2,646 Pounds. 358, 692 150, 793 1, 545, 184 158, 511 80, 247 683, 562 1, 184, 754 134, 260 519, 626 7,716 177, 911 259, 044 256, 619 Bremen (free port) Hamburg (free por t) Denmark 1,102 Great Britain. .. 25, 794 Italy 23, 810 26, 676 22, 471 3,968 657, 187 Spain Sweden and iforwa Switzerland kV 26, 235 20, 062 5,291 5,291 22, 707 1,102 9,700 Turkey Egypt' . . - -- United States of A Mexico and Centra West Indies m erica 101, 412 I American States . 4,850 8,818 46, 076 32, 408 6,173 14, 550 102, 097 Argentine Republi 62, 17C Other South Amen Asia oa 14, 330 11, 905 All other countries Total 10, 362 10, 362 4,630 393, 373 765, 874 650, 579 580, 672 3, 030, 684 195, 106 6, 073, 874 1 Countries from which imported and to which exported. Cloths and dress- goods. WnnlAT, Til n ah Woolen fringes and Woolen plush. buttO n materials. Laces, tulles, em- broideries, and woven shawls. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Austria-Hungary . Bremen (free port) Pound*. 154, 322 7,055 324, 513 135, 583 2,425 551, 811 1, 572, 545 Pounds. 3, 578, 547 1, 352, 967 10, 911, 407 1, 252, 213 1, 875, 654 2, 242, 960 3, 548, 564 2, 759, 698 2, 407, 423 Pounds. 4,628 882 7,497 3, 527 1,323 12,346 19, 621 Pounds. 254, 194 425, 504 180, 557 50, 706 43, 651 381, 614 316, 577 36, 596 136, 905 Pounds. 1,764 220 3,086 882 441 12, 125 5,071 220 2,425 PounSs. 175, 045 36, 597 427, 268 127, 867 69, 886 170, 455 984, 791 93, 053 244, 935 77, 822 40, 565 114, 859 Pounds. 8,157 220 3,748 3,307 Pounds. 153, 219 6,393 463, 190 33, 28S 39, 242 100, 750 751, 985 53, 351 304, 016 Hamburg (free port) Denmark France 116, 182 2,425 Great Britain Italy 81, 129 5,732 Portugal Russia 703,712 30, 424 1,323 71, 429 1,323 90, 389 69, 666 7, 937 120, 591 25, 794 10, 362 15, 212 91, 71C Spain Sweden and Nor- 1, 994, 281 3, 145, 263 15, 658 31 084 112, 436 118, 268 Switzerland Turkev 46, 736 1,102 30, 203 882 2,646 Egypt United States of America 3 431 46 9 98, 986 52, 237 302, 694 146, 386 All other coun- tries 61, 971 3, 018, 38 661 3,307 Total 2, 938, 090 42, 268, 615 58, 642 2, 110, 243 28, 439 3, 242, 927 139, 992 2, 337, 096 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 177 No. 33. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM GERMANY FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 to 1884, INCLUSIVE. IMPORTS. [One kilogram equals 2.20462 pounds. One mark equals 23.8 cents.] Year. Wool,, raw. Manufactures of wool. Quantities. Values. Woolen yarn. Cloth. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1875 100 kilogs. 565, 000 650, 000 685, 000 680, 000 925, 000 677, 500 773, 700 885, 000 909, 693 1, 056, 662 Maries. 203, 000, 000 208, 000, 000 212, 000, 000 21 1, 000, 000 268, 000, 000 206, 267, 000 193, 430, 000 203, 555, 000 200, 133, 000 221, 899, 000 100 kilogs. 1P3, 000 152, 000 136, 000 152, 000 187, 000 149, 000 157, 000 161,000 167, 000 190, 000 Marks. 103, 000, 000 89, 200, 000 74, 900, 100 79, 800, 000 94, 300, 000 93, 110, 000 84, 988, 000 83, 584, 000 80, 479, 000 93, 396, 000 100 kilogs. 70, 338 67, 299 57, 237 50, 000 69, 750 23, 350 21, 300 14, 800 12, 918 12, 722 Marks. 80, 350, 000 74, 430, 000 60, 352, 000 49, 000, 000 66, 206, 000 21,339,000 19, 972, 000 14, 342, 000 12, 439, 000 H, 882, 000 1?7,-; 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 EXPORTS. Year. Wool, raw. Manufactures of wool. Total value man- ufactures. Quantities. Values. Woolen yarn. Other manufactures. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1875 100 kiloga. 199, 500 199, 600 222, 500 213, 000 225, 000 143, 250 120, 850 134, 500 127, 216 119, 140 Marks. 100 kilogs. 38, 700 33, 700 41, 400 50, 500 42, 000 50, 000 45, 000 50, 000 48, 000 52, 000 Marks. 29, 400, 000 23, 600, 000 27, 300, 000 30, 300, 000 24, 400, 000 32, 648, 000 29, 599, 000 34, 027, 000 30, 693, 000 32, 130, 000 100 kilogg. 129, 000 117, 150 169, 300 124, 800 123, 300 167, 150 184, 200 192, 500 198, 622 214, 100 Marks. Marks. 29, 400, 000 23, 600, 000 27, 300, 000 30, 300, 000 24, 400, 000 203, 809, 000 216, 685, 000 211, 606, 000 210, 839, 000 217, 232, 000 1876 1877 . 1878 1879 1880 50, 139, 000 48, 340, 000 49, 698, 000 45, 798, 000 39, 316, 000 171, 161, 000 187, 086, 000 177, 579, 000 180, 146, 000 185, 102, 000 1881 1882 1833 . .. 1884 No. 34. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL, AND THEIR TOTAL VALUES. IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM ITALY ix 1885. Countries from which imported and to which exported. Yarns. Tissues of wool and mixed materials. Felt. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Pounds. 65, 917 26, 235 260, 363 127, 426 131, 615 Pounds. 10, 141 ""73" 854*' 4,850 Pounds. 1, 378, 316 119, 269 4, 439, 623 1, 769, 192 5, 258, 632 1,543 304, 896 Pounds. 96, 341 Pounds. 36, 817 Pounds. 5,291 Belgium .......... . France 36, 596 4,850 1,543 9,921 48, 501 25, 573 3 307 111, 993 93, 475 287, 480 1,102 Germany . .... Great Britain and Ireland Greece and Malta Switzerland 78, 484 13,448 7,937 1,543 Turkey Egypt' Tunis and Tripoli 2,205 13, 668 2,205 2, 425 . 26, 014 United States of America and Canada. 5402 WOOL 12 178 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 34. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL, AND THEIR TOTAL VALUES, IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM ITALY IN 1885. Countries from which imported and to which exported. v-_,. Tissues of wool and mixed materials. Felt. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. ' Imports. Exports. ; 1 Pounds. Argentine Republic . . . Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 19, 180 11, 464 Pounds. Pounds. TJniiriijftY Paraguay ... 4,189 7, 055 Other countries 5, 291 11, 023 Total 690, 040 123, 457 13, 284, 699 i 296, 959 537, 702 7, 936 Total value ^472,543 $37,004 ttlO, 311,121 . $1957482 $154733*7 $3, 698 Countries from which imported and t< which exported. ! Woolen knitted j goods and braids. Ribbons and gal- loons. Button materials. Laces and tulles. Imports. Exports. ! Imports. Imports Exports. Imports. Poundt 23, 36 47 R4 . Pounds. 9 27, 998 D 3, 086 1 Pounds. 1,543 3,307 2,424 Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 3, 527 52, 029 14, 771 5,291 1,102 Germany . ......... ... 47,84 Great Britain and Ireland 6 39 3 S82 1,764 . Switzerland 14 33 D 5, 512 9.039 882 : 10, 802 Turkey - Egypt 9,70 ) > i i -, Tunis and Tripoli 1 "M United States of America and Canada 8,81 13 90 Uruguay 7 **" Paraguay 2 42 3 2'>1 Total 139 77 2 90,829 8,157 1, 102 221 86, 420 *1QB 77 9 $127, 226 $9, 283 $897 $179 $325, 321 Countries from which imported and to which exported. Covers made of list. Carpets. Wearing apparel. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Austria- Hungarv . . ... Pounds. Pounds. 2,205 | 882 Pounds. 40,505 3,527 207, 894 94,798 . Pounds. 6,834 Pounds. 176, 148 Pounds. 8,818 87, 964 282, 850 153, 220 199, 516 29, 542 12, 787 402, 559 882 2, 205 1,102 3,086 21, 385 27, 337 4,189 5,511 13, 448 19, 400 3, 527 5 732 Switzerland 3,748 1,764 28, 219 8,598 13, 448 45,635 2,425 Turkey Tunis and Tripoli United States of America and Canada. 1,984 1 763 2,866 82 , 3,527 7,055 143,519 Total 27, 558 6,393 786, 160 115, 521 . 860, 676 Total value $6,996 J $1,623 $317, 493 $35, 124 $1, 431, 597 $238, 722 a Spain and Gibraltar. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 179' No. 35.- STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MAN- UFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO ITALY FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. [One kilogram equals 2.20462 pounds. One lire equals 19.3 cents.] Year. Wool, raw. Manufactures of pure wool. Manufactures of wool mixed with cotton. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Value. Quantities. Values. 1874 Kilograms. 6.051,000 6, 500, 000 8, OG5, 000 8, 010, 000 6, f>: j ,9, 000 8. 539, 000 7, 328, 000 9, 536, 000 7, 508, 000 9. 540, 000 10, 071, 000 > Lire. 27, 232, 000 27, 952, 000 34, 681, 000 34, 445, 000 28,116,000 34, 155, 000 30, 780, 000 38,143,000 30, 034, 000 31, 974, 000 29, 416, 000 Quintain. a42, 012 50, 088 a50, 072 a46, 748 a39, 987 21, 607 23, 922 36, 761 31,642 36, 398 42, 4G7 Lire. 41,471,000 45, 962, 000 45, 197, 000 41, 982, 000 51, !)83,000 29, 737, 000 33, 895. 000 43,331,000 37, 890, 000 41,709,000 45, 120, 000 Quintals, b b b b b 12,717 16, 139 19, 499 15, 237 16, 036 19, 023 Lire. 1^75 1876 1877 1878 12,li2,"66o 14, 769, 000 15, 017, 000 12, 101, 000 12, 038, 000 12, 915, 000 1879 1880 Iggi 1882 1883 1884 a Includes manufactures of wool and cotton. b Included in manufacture of pure wool. No. 36. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM THE NETHER- LANDS IN 1883. Countries from which imported and to which exported. Yarns. Felt for hats, for hats of all kinds. Cloth, doeskins, and cassimeres. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 40 238, 389 16 549, 726 786 274, 692 442 16 3 10 Dollars. 11, 976 47, 256 83, 952 30, 131 2,641 3, 687, 263 79, 554 772 223, 994 5,525 ""n,40i 175, 004 652 4, 543, 765 (57, 800 Great Britain and Ireland 53, 184 1,111 87, 222 287 10, 510 1 164 267, 311 217 3,123 9,568 64 289 2,703 60 Total 4, 803, 662 4, 042, 805 391, 759 23, 042 1, 064, 180 147, 174 Countries from which imported and to which exported. All other stuffs not elsewhere specified. Blankets. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Dollars. 489 1, 005, 267 Pounds. 141, 557 68, 738 1,338 200, 398 59, 098 86, 561 127, 077 Dollars. 258, 125 125, 339 2,440 365, 419 107, 764 157, 841 231, 721 Dollars. Pounds. Dollars. 1,483 1,376 1,003 Germany - 633, 183 184 925, 062 2 8 3,865 1,160 846 Great Britain and Ireland ....... 7,502 3,215 2,344 Russia 52, 203 95, 189 \j rated States of America 9 452 330 18, 689 33, 647 34, 078 61, 353 Java 1,667 1,216 2 2 331 603 1 132 96 Total 2, 564, 208 789, 637 1, 439, 872 12, 851 8,002 5, 835 180 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 36. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM THE NETHER- LANDS IN 1883 Continued. Countries from which im- ported aud to which ex- ported. Flannels and baize. Hosiery. Tape. Imports. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Dollars. 1,848 Pounds. 678, 487 Dollars. 494, 788 Dollars. 132, 445 12 329, 481 43, 413 Pounds. 2,460 Dollars. 1,570 Dollars. 476 France ....... ....... 26, 742 4 649 6,302 4, 596 15, 695 10, 015 33, 190 2,904 Great Britain and Ireland Dutch Guiana 772 3,695 563 2,693 Java 243 155 Total 33, 239 689, 256 502, 640 505, 351 18, 398 11, 740 36, 570 No. 37. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM THE NETHERLANDS FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. [One kilogram equals 2.20462 pounds. One gulden equals 39.7 cents.] Tear. Imports. Exports. Wool, raw. Value of wool manu- factures. Wool, raw. Value of wool manu factures. Quanti- ties. Values. Tarn. Other manufac- tures. Quanti- ties. Values. Yarn. Other manufac- tures. 1874 Kilos. 8, 007, 000 8, 951, 000 10, 744, 000 9, 763, 000 8, 582, 000 9, 114, 000 9, 698, 000 11, 453, 000 11, 912, 000 16, 059, 000 20, 172, 000 Gulden. 9, 608, 000 10, 742, 000 10, 430, 000 8, 363, 000 8, 116, 000 8, 872, 000 8, 730, 000 11, 050, 000 11, 888, 000 17, 007, 000 21, 555, 000 Gulden. 17, 436, 000 14, 493, 000 14, 490, 000 12, 521, 000 13, 912, 000 15, 549, 000 10, 810, 000 12, 000, 000 13, 423, 000 11, 903, 000 12, 814, 000 Gulden. 11, 604, 000 11, 653, 000 11, 325, 000 11, 486, 000 10, 855, 000 10, 037, 000 10, 284, 000 10, 014, 000 9, 943, 000 9, 140, 000 7, 842, 000 Kilos. 6, 835, 000 7, 520, 000 9, 869, 000 7, 760, 000 7,616,000 7, 525, 000 9, 239, 000 8, 911, 000 8, 462, 000 12, 485, 000 17, 203, 000 Gulden. 8, 201, 000 9, 024, 000 10, 406, 000 7, 543, 000 7, 060, 000 7, 344, 000 9, 125, COO 10, 197, 000 9 475, 000 14; 719, 000 20, 495, 000 Gulden. 10, 936, 000 9, 477, 000 10,572,000 5, 691, 000 6, 488, 000 7, 116, 000 6, 085, 000 6, 640, 000 8, 151, 000 9, 258, 000 7, 126, 000 Gulden. 4, 503, 000 4, 520, 000 4, 268, 000 4, 296, 000 4, 581, 000 3, 754, 000 5, 882, 000 5, 634, 000 5, 601, 000 5, 213, 000 4, 913, 000 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 No. 38. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MAN- UFACTURES OF W T OOL IMPORTED INTO NORWAY FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. [One kilogram equals 2.20462 pounds. One krone equals 26.8 cents.] Tear. Wool, raw. Manufactures of wool. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1874 Kilograms. Kroner. 1, 094, 000 1, 018, 000 1, 002, 000 1,221,000 767, 000 632, 000 1, 080, 000 1, 171, 000 1, 107, 000 1, 149, 000 1, 136, 000 Kilograms. "i,"i7i,'6oo 962, 000 1, 244, 000 986, 000 902, 000 1, 149, 000 1, 273, 000 1, 362, 000 1, 380, 000 1, 483, 000 Kroner. 14, 488, 000 12, 713, 000 9, 465, 000 11, 038, 000 8, 324, 000 7, 370, 000 10,482,000 11, 340, 000 12, 869, 000 10, 871, 000 11, 734, 000 1875 367, 000 363, 000 425, 000 276, 000 240, 000 360, 000 446, 000 415, 000 433, 000 455, 000 1876 1877 1879 - . 1880 - Ih81 1882 . 1883 1884 . . . . . WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 181 o. 39. T STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM PORTUGAL FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. [One kilogram equals 2.20462 pounds. One milreis equals $1.08.] Imports. Exports. Tear. Wool, raw. Manufactures of -wool. Wool, raw. Quantities. Values . Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1874 Kilograms. 1, 992, 000 2, 624, 000 1,559,000 1, 629, 000 2, 538, 000 2, 092, 000 2, 333, 000 2, 889, 000 2, 447, 000 2, 743, 000 2, 875, 000 'Milreis. 671, 000 8ii6, 000 601, 000 814, 000 768, 300 582, 000 610, 000 778, 000 621, 000 686, 000 758, 000 Kilograms. 632, 000 806, 000 678, 000 723, 000 615, 000 461,000 493, 000 556, 000 543, 000 735, 000 707, 000 Milreis. 1, 654, 000 2, 148, 000 1, 797, 000 1, 853, 000 , 410, 000 , 038, 000 ,188,000 , 496, 000 , 350, 000 , 479, 000 , 564, 000 Kilograms. 652, 400 723, 800 752, 400 987, 600 879, 600 722, 300 1, 211, 700 609, 000 767, 000 800, 000 582, 000 Milreis. 217, 000 224, 900 201,500 251,000 222, 400 167, 100 381, 200 198, 000 221, 000 203, 000 134, 000 1875 . . . 1876 1877. 1878 1879 1880 1881 188 9 1883 1884 No. 40. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM RUSSIA IN EUROPE FOR EACH "YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. [One pood equals 36.0676 pounds. One silver rouble equals 58.2 cents.] Imports. Exports. Tears. Wool, raw. Value of wool manufactures Wool, raw. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1874 Poods. 536, 057 648, 532 443, 367 355, 182 794, 561 979 Y>1 Silver roubles. 16, 468, 323 19, 775, 260 12,725,406 11,526,607 24, 487, 205 29, 694, 183 24, 405, 000 24, 052, 000 28, 717, 000 22,431,000 18, 607, 000 Silver roubles. 13, 329, 492 16,120,057 12, 635, 560 6, 536, 367 10,536,940 12, 321, 290 1'2, 103, 000 7, 711, 000 8, 964, 000 6, 520, 000 5, 467, 000 Poods. 1, 053, 936 879, 598 1,179,688 1, 339, 682 1, 093, 939 953, 468 1, 441, 466 1, 015, 862 1, 208, 984 (a) (a) Silver roubles. 11, 357, 254 8, 648, 626 11,954,458 22, 374, 598 11, 961, 230 10, 937, 206 13, 659, 000 11, 189, 4oO 12, 323, 000 (a) (a) 1875 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 821, 754 747, 658 807,916 610, 000 503, 000 1881 1882 1883 1884 a No data. No. 41. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES, AND THEIR TOTAL VALUES, OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM SPAIN IN 1885. ' IMPORTS. Countries from which imported. Tarns. Carpets. Felts. Blankets. Hosiery. Cloths. Tissues. Austria-Hungary Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. 38 Pounds. 432 Pounds. 3 817 Pounds. 27 630 Belgium 3 757 8 199 167 189 72 306 70 140 FraTice 145 217 57 192 90 292 9 058 211 792 514 192 1 957 043 Germany 42 152 38, 534 37, 055 838 276, 408 231,324 443 709 Great Britain 8 944 605 381 333 433 8 362 26 607 69 183 67 582 Portugal 584 708 167 71 454 20 *868 Switzerland ...... 123 756 3 224 114 14 950 414 33 24 44 92 73 Total 200, 777 710 48 461 903 18 391 519 150 890 978 2 581 995 Total value $173 780 $ 9 36 337 $131 422 $12 695 $727 281 $1 191 208 $3 306 722 182 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 41. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTIES, THE QUANTITIES, AND THEIR TOTAL VALUES, OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM SPAIN IN 1885 Continued. EXPORTS. Countries to which exported. Yarns. Blankets.; Hosiery. Cloth. Flannels. Pounds. 362 Pounds. 223 Pounds. 1,157 57 Pounds. 12, 341 Pounds. 7,767 128 1,230 7,842 6,585 40 1,001 13, 245 6,638 5, 778 3,318 791 4,286 Great Britain and Ireland 1,517 1,982 225 357 18, 675 1,883 5 388 Mexico .- Cuba 476 1,021 1,065 2,608 185 84 77 13, 975 2,485 1,545 996 917 United States of Colombia 57 66 1,371 Total 2,355 8,680 1,891 53, 174 58, 649 $1, 443 $6, 079 $2, 649 $92, 339 $64, 3GO o. 42 STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MAN- UFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM SPAIN FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. I One kilogram equals 2. 20462 pounds. One peseta equals 19. 3 cents.] Year. Imports. Exports. Manufactures of wool. Wool, raw. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1874 . kilograms. 995, OUO 794, 000 1, 363, 000 1, 521, 000 1, 833, 445 1, 810, 000 1, 818, 000 2,081,000 2, 262, 000 2, 096, 000 2, 354, 000 Pesetas. 10, 193, 000 9, 948, 000 18, 938, 000 18, 965, 000 26, 536, 000 22, 812, 000 23, 197, 000 26, 454, 000 29,831,000 26, 643, 000 30, 858, 000 Kilograms. 1, 960, UOO 4, 225, 000 1,8.51,000 4, 044, 000 8,581,666 3, MO, 000 6, 242, 000 3, 877, 000 2, 677, 000 3, 931, 000 3, 637, 000 Pesetas. 3, 995, 000 8, 141,000 3, 466, 000 7, 529, 000 5, 917, 000 0, f 48, 000 11,762,000 0, 471', OOU 5, 903, 000 8,011,000 7, 485, 000 1875 . 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 Ife84 No. 43. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO SPAIN FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1873 TO 1883, INCLUSIVE. [One kilogram equals 2. 20462 pounds. One kroua equals 26. 8 cents.] Year. Wool, raw. Manufactures of wool. Woolen yarn. i Other manufactures. Total values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. Quantities. Values. 1873 Kilograms. 1,691,724 1, 579, 551 1,394,515 1,861,739 1, 848, 788 857, 170 911,053 1,286,888 1, 620, 327 1, 567, 946 1, 840, 733 Kronor. 5, 969, 000 5, 573, 000 4, 592, 000 6, 569, 000 6, 876, 000 2, 520, 000 2, 679, 000 3, 784, 000 4, 861, 000 4, 705, 000 5, 524, 000 Kilograms. 490, 803 580,118 517, 776 607, 264 603, 196 489, 343 547, 194 551, 530 635, 582 801, 834 918, 461 Kronor. 4, 303, 000 3, 110, 000 3. 647, 000 8, 942, 000 3, 128, 000 2, 597, 000 2, 655, 000 2, 836, 000 2, 463, 000 3, 084, 000 3, 423, 000 Kilograms. 1,672,545 2, 038, 938 1, 568, 548 1, 750, 746 1, 980, 543 1,360,807 1, 280, 903 2,046,163 2, 163, 024 2, 088. 075 2, 383, 616 Kronor. 16, 858, 000 20, 610, 000 15, 760, 000 17, 539, 000 19, 887. 000 13, 655. 000 12, 883, 000 21 >, 653, 000 21, 093, 000 20, 277, 000 23, 196, 000 Kronor. 21, 161, 000 23, 720, 000 19,407,000 26,481,000 23, 015", 000 16, 25-2, 000 13,538,000 1'::, 489, 000 23, 556, 000 23,361.000 2fi, 619, 000 1874 1875 1876 1877 1878 1679 1880 1881 1882 . . 1883 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 183 No. 44. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM SWITZERLAND IN 1885. Countries from which im- ported and to which exported. "Wadding. Germany Austria-Hungary France Italy Belgium Netherlands Great Britain and Ireland Denmark - - Turkey in Europe Algiers Turkey, Asiatic I . . Pounds. Dollars, 6,173 | 1,621 441 ""lie Total Imports. 221 6, 835 58 1, 795 Exports. Pounds. i Dollars 441 (*) 221 662 139 226 Yarns of all kinds. Imports. Pounds. 572, 955 1,984 188,714 1,764 231, 302 11, 023 271, 647 1,279,389 Dollars. 487, 711 1,631 158, 974 1,544 197, 294 9,544 229, 824 1, 086, 522 Exports. Pounds. 1, 447, 139 189, 154 6,834 143, 520 2,866 441 37, 037 882 n (*) (*) Dollars. 1, 100, 611 130, 056 4,664 1,668 286 32, 762 978 5 141 19 1, 827, 873 1, 358, 038 Countries from which im- ported and to which exported. Listing. Imports. Germany Austria-Hungary. France Belgium - Netherlands Great Britain and Ireland Russia Sweden and Norway Denmark Pounds. 30, 644 661 11, 905 23, 148 221 1,102 tugal Spain Greece Danubian countries Turke v in Europe J6sry.pt Algiers Other Africa T urkey, Asiatic British' East Indies Dutch East Indies China, Japan, and French Ea*t Indies... British North America.. United States of Amer- ica Argentine Republic Australasia Total 67,681 Dollars. 5,365 116 2,084 4, 053 39 193 11, 850 Exports. Pounds. \Dollars. 1,323 221 221 221 54 355 20 154 Pounds. 3, 028, 459 21,605 1, 179, 682 29, 542 111, 773 20, 282 1, 121, 260 Tissues. Imports. Dollars. 3, 627, 975 25, 515 1, 408, 012 36,207 136, 605 24, 858 1, 371, 149 881 583 15, 513, 484 6, 631, 403 Exports. Pounds. 31, 967 5,952 73, 193 31,305 2, 425 441 2,425 1,323 6,614 2,866 1,543 661 2,205 661 2,205 4,409 221 1,102 221 882 1,323 441 221 660 1,984 Dollars. 33, 811 6,105 81,403 33, 188 1,941 489 3,144 1,347 6,285 3, 284 5 3,278 1,698 1,900 811 3,477 6,167 483 1,830 550 1,428 1,234 212 390 657 1,525 177,250 196,642 Countries from which im- ported and to which exported. Blankets. Imports. Exports. Ribbons, fringes, and hosiery. Imports. Exports. Germany Austria-Hungary ^France Italy Belgium Netherlands Great Britain and Ireland Russia Denmark Portugal Spain Pounds. 119,710 17, 196 113, 356 4,189 661 441 14, 771 Dollars. 104, 799 1,544 99, 202 3,667 579 386 12, 931 Pounds. ],984 2,866 7,717 7,716 441 (*) 52, 460 Dollars. Ill 786 1,637 2,172 147 19 7,980 Pounds. 217, 193 16, 975 63, 713 3,086 6,614 Dollars. 331, 863 22, 292 100, 746 5,211 Pounds. 7,496 2,205 15, 653 13, 228 1,323 9,554 1,984 1,323 221 661 Dollars. 14, 989 3,428 46, 772 22, 141 2, 232 3, 059 3,494 131 15 479 1,332 184 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 44. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM SWITZERLAND IN 1885 Continued. Countries from which im- ported and to which exported. Blankets. Ribbons, fringes, and hosiery. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Pounds. Dollars. Pounds. Dollars. Pounds. Dollars. Pounds. (*) 221 221 221 1,984 Dollars* 91 604 550 560 2,344 (*) 661 1, 321 9 135 186 leers' Other Africa 2,205 295 6bl (*) 221 882 (*) (*) 1,271 9 395 2,841 83 22 IOC 1,806 1, 525 882 104 China, Japan, and "United States of America 221 12, 787 112, 926 31, 967 26 1,496 18, 056 4,026 Chili and Peru Brazil Argentine Republic 1,102 1,984 Total 270, 324 223, 108 236, 153 37, 851 307, 581 469, 666 51, 812 110, 243 Countries from which im- ported and to which exported. Embroideries, laces, shawls, and scarfs. Carpets. Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Pounds. 50, 045 1,102 17, 857 3,748 Dollars. 108, 582 1,737 45, 934 6,330 Pounds. 35 9 46 18 Dollars. 13, 253 3,518 29, 653 6,059 447 612 7,676 104 164 418 39 9 Pounds. 128, 779 1,984 61, 077 3, 968 14, 090 4,189 156, 306 1,984 Dollars. 135, 254 2,084 64, 153 4,169 15, 749 4,400 164, 204 2, 084 Pounds. 4,188 660 2, 645 4. 328 Dollars. 2, 027 610 2,873 1,527 Austria-Hungary Italy Netherlands 2 29 12: 820. Great Britain and Ireland 2,425 3, 821 220 <*) <*) (*) (*) Danubian countries T urkey in Eurot>e ....... 1,764 221 1, 853 232 Egypt (*) 5 Turkey Asiatic 1,323 2,866 441 1,390 3,011 463 British East Indies China, Japan, and United States of America Mexico ft 699 (*) 10 Total 75, 177 166, 404 62, 65i 379, 892 399, 046 9,041 7, 884 Countries from which imported and to which ex- ported. Felt, and partly manufactured felt. Imports. Exports. Pounds. Dollars. 1, 543 1, 158 662 579 4, 409 6, 774 Pounds. 1,984 7 732 5,512 882 882 441 441 221 (*) (*) (*) ( x ) (*) 661 Dollars. 1, 282 31 4, 290 4,511 687 870- 309 372 588 62 40' 10 40 19 695 Great Britain and Ireland Russia British East Indies British North America United States of America Total 6, 614 8, 511 13, 806 Quantities less than one quintal omitted. WOOL AND MANUFACTUKES OF WOOL. 185 No. 45. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FI?OM THE UNITED KINGDOM IN 1885. Countries from which imported. Imports. Woolen yarn. For fancy purposes. For weaving. Other. Pounds. Dollars. 20, 734 15, 840 79, 707 54, 695 1,116,812 978,833 37, 920 27, 987 112 97 Pounds. 11, 019, 639 2, 736, 707 847, 007 28, 457 Dollars. 6, 108, 027 2 047 293 Pounds. Dollars. 462, 609 16, 794 16, 525 9, 544 6,979 4,973 United States of America 783 389 9,889 3,874 Total from foreign countries.. . . 1,255,285 1,077,452 14, 632, 653 8, 635, 112 35, 958 ' -' 15, 826 140 49 British .East Indies 500 20 243 24 British West Indies Total from British Possessions.. Total imports 140 49 520 267 16, 093 1, 255, 425 1, 077, 501 14, 632, 653 8, 635, 112 36, 478 Countries from which imported. Imports. Manu- factures offfoats' hair or wool. Cloths. Stuffs. Other. Dollars. Yards. 461, 089 194, 959 311,115 698, 919 Dollars. 389, 568 102, 479 267, 219 522, 336 Yards. 761, 024 50, 440, 434 1, 351, 979 2, 548, 143 Dollars. 320, 673 22, 840, 913 590, 082 1, 134, 362 Dollars. 404, 338 2, 504, 749 1, 281, 228 4, 621, 126 581, 196 19, 296 25, 778 21, 169- 24, 639 France 8,793 Germany Netherlands 385, 662 Turkey Egypt . . . Persia United States of America 18, 290 1,765 18, 288 1,129 1, 824 16,310 4,341 Total from foreign countries Australasia 396, 279 1, 686, 137 1, 3C1, 019 55, 117, 890 24, 890, 371 9, 483, 519 | 4, 920 201, 030 5,966 211, 916 9, 695, 435 British East Indies 7,377 1,512 598 1,353 527 Other British Possessions 2,999 798 Total from British Possessions.. Total imports 7,377 2,110 1,880 2,999 798 403, 656 1, 688, 247 1, 302, 899 55, 120, 889 24, 891, 169 I 186 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 45. IMPORTS AND EXPOKTS OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL INTO Countries to which exported. j Exports. Woolen yarn. Worsted yarn. Russia Pounds. Dollars. Pounds. 1, 600, 500 1, 943, 900 1, 007, 300 17, 951, 200 9, 733, 700 1, 776, 500 4,215,400 Dollars. 824, 152 807, 971 453, 130 8, 391, 540 4,861,376 880, 102 2, 228, 920 Germany . .. 766, 600; 385, 602 104, 700S 45, 108 640, 800 272, 972 1, 263, 400 854, 309 Holland Belgium . . .. .. .......... France Portugal, Azores, and Madeira Spain and Canaries Italy 387, 600 182, 854 Austrian territories Turkey Java China Japan United States of America: Atlantic 993, 200 495, 181 Mexico United States of Colombia ::::::::;:: Peru "Venezuela Chili Brazil Uruguay Argentine Republic ..... Other foreign countries ............ 145, 200 71, 323 189, 500 97, 371 Total to foreign countries 2, 920, 700 1, 629, 314 39, 798, 800 19, 222, 587 Malta .'... British Possessions in South Africa British India : Bombay and Scinde Straits Settlements 100,800 59, 089 Australasia 54, 000 26, 187 South Australia Victoria 168, 300. 106, 902 New South Wales New Zealand 111,900 72,676 93, 400 51, 926 104, 100 67, 250 Other colonies British North America 85, 400 58, 437 British West India Islands and British Guiana Other British Possessions 14, 600 8,380 39, 600 26, 625 Total to British Possessions 154, OOC 93, 004 618, 100, 384, 468 Total exports 3, 074, 700 1, 722, 318 40, 416, 900' 19, 607, 055 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 187 AND FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM, BY COUNTRIES, 1885 Continued. Exports. Woolen fabrics. Worsted fabrics. Coatings, duffels, &c., all wool. Coatings, duffels, &c., of wool mixed with other materials. Stuffs. > Coatings, duf- fels', &c. Stuffs. Yards. Dollars. 36, 200 70, 993 80,000 104.119 G3, 300 84. ,'-J 1, 203. GOO 1, G7.'>, 74il 351, 100 422, 183 1,061,800 1,414,774 4, 051, 900 3, 703, G3G 107,200 J 59, 899 43, 300 73, 397 582, 900 726, 043 43, 600; 74, 423 ""96,900 \ "ll3, 638 Yards. "438, 600 362, 400 1, 78.i, 400 1,391, OCO 3, 388, 000 7, 563, 400 1 Dollars. Yards. Dollars. Yards. \ Dollars. Yards. Dollars. 289, 245 233, 631 1, OtJ3, 564 861, 079 2, 078, 910 3,841,119 458, 200 82, 526 190, 500 46, 636 1,133,800 190,081 Gl.o,40 27, 069, 500 7 511,852 4, 906, 200 4, 922, 951 127, 000, 100 20, 951, 348 ""191), 900 " 167, 456 403, 500 S 304, 278 237, 900 188, 582 182, 000 1, 152, 100 1, 279, 100 1, 349, 000 131, 200 1, 237, 700 54, 276 219, 367 292, 452 364, 292 37, 998 888. 443 218, 800 416, 000 418, 200 982, 800 839, 200 5, 201, 500 34, 956 61,235 75, 703 . 191,643 155,027 956, 219 741, 500 321, 200 259, 087 138, 058 55, 500 44, 859 267, 00,0 io7, 246 292, 900 131, 288 236, 400 833, 000 740, 500 142, 100 24J, 700 40, 200 '975, 200 131, 100 164, 000 199,716 800, 330 73! >, 328 127. 444 9 42 9R5 ] , 060, 900 4, 166, 600 3,019,700 776, 400 1, 292, 500 386, 500 3, 461, 600 451,300 398, 400 213,308 865, 789 632, 932 14-> 564 550, 200 281,255 359, 800 261, 900 342, 105 248, 839 1, 926, 500 1, 788, 100 378, 224 323, 394 279, 004 75, 173 1, 001, 063 117, 555 104, 527 " 155, 900 729, 300 " 149,' 903 667, 952 1, 876, 900 885, 300 8, 936, 300 434, 700 425, 200 335, 891 160, 025 1, 598, 962 81,489 67, 571 41,769 398,000 1,025,128 1,570,400 179, 978 1, 09P, 118 98, 483 125, 000 167, 025 187, 100 55, 906 96, 804 69, 900 60, 656 4,617,500 4, 259. 750 4, 186, 300 2,241,49420,345,000 4, 788, 743 1, 632, 300 1, 514, 314 24, 349, 500 4, 420, 339 15, 358, 900 16, 305, 651 24, 057, 100 14, 741, 226:47, 414, 500 12, 300, 595 6, 538, 500 6, 437, 265 151, 349, 600 25, 371, 687 188 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 45. IMPORTS AND EXPORTS OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL INTO Countries to which exported. Exports. Flannels. Carpets not being rugs. Russia . . - Yards. Dollars. Yards. Dollars. 204, 900 94, 400 223, 300 458, 800 522, 300 1, 660, 900 95, 000 549, 900 163, 100 116, 1S3 63, 985 166, 176 270, 689 285, 907 679, 363 48, 480 250, 406 81, 932 Holland '. 70, 500 . 19, 792 Portugal Azores and Madeira Spain "and Canaries Italv Turkev 264, 000 201, 300 101, 564 84, 073 Erpt ' West Africa (foreign^ 80, 000 17, 325 China 100, 900 72, 800 24, 688 17, 334 "1,167,366" "850,854 Atlantic Central America 111,300 121, 500 305, 300 54, 656 55, 142 141, 479 Peru Chili , Brazil "Uruguay 78,900 487, 100 364, 900 49, 410 296, 238 153, 397 Other forein countries ... . ...... ..... 373, 600 83, 227 Total to foreign countries 697, 800 162, 366 7, 012, 200 3, 749, 934 British Possessions in South Africa 532, 700 485, 200 548, 600 103, 608 84, 478 109, 102 British India : 69, 300 37, 117 Bengal and Burmah Straits Settlements 129, 500 24, 819 Australasia . .. ... .. 895, 700 1, 981, 700 1, 977, 800 554, 000 1, 066, 200 156, 700 1, 324, 200 468, 200 278, 000 158, 006 399, 442 399, 866 122,811 196, 237 31, 623 203, 322 77, 158 57, 862 Victoria 760, 600 586, 500 398, 800 314,425 New South "Wales New Zealand .... .... 340, 000 304, 700 1, 881, 100 168, 016 156, 229 895, 334 Other colonies British North America British "West India Islands and British Guiana Other British Possessions 128, 100 63, 892 Total to British Possessions 10, 398, 500 1, 968, 334 4, 070, 300 2, 033, 813 Total exports 11, 096, 300 2, 130, 700 11, 082, 500 5, 783, 747 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 189 AND FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM, BY COUNTRIES, 1885 Continued. Exports. Blankets. Shawls. Hugs, coverlets, or wrappers. > Hosiery. Small wares and man- ufactures of wool or worsted unenuiner- ated. Yarn, alpaca, mo- hair, and other sorts unenumerated. Pairs. Dollars. Number. Dollars. Number. Dollars. Dollars. Dollars. 28, 940 41, 161 Pounds. 113, 700 Dollars. 72, 087 54, 695 39, 059 140, 287 41, 969 87, 378 223, 950 15, 822 45, 387 25, 545 63, 912 171, 312 31,916 92, 843 31, 326 87, 144 286, 009 15, 319 26, 610 89, 033 27, 982 58,544 45, 692 4, 863, 700 4, 613, 300 748, 700 1, 187, 700 2, 437, 012 1, 535, 050 358, 466 1, 143, 525 49, 194 43, 518 35, 715 46, 495 54, 247 28, 080 103, 300 67, 552 36, 743 115, 467 107, 749 10, 685 124, 679 32, 844 227, 626 141, 244 231, 601 59, 217 88, 249 531, 339 125, 818 471, 100 190, 645 16, 358 31, 150 26, 043 89, 048 29, 384 93, 959 79, 866 30, 498 102, 878 52, 777 159, 339 146 r 487 . 115, 704 39, 812 110, 155 102, 007 81, 820 55 702 14, 407 31, 438 154, 434 39, 341 67, 708 124, 247 108, 148 168, 190 36, 757 151, 256 117, 006 83, 000 19, 753 522, 084 925, 676 341,523 462, 897 841, 585 1,113,587 1,468,686 562, 256 12, 184, 500 5, 824, 090 100, 169 27, 460 20, 630 40, 488 49, 371 242, 337 43, 005 29, 457 76, 959 152, 774 21, 834 70, 784 424, 705 21, 773 29, 987 247, 306 121,101 61, 945 174, 488 65, 186 72, 005 79, 431 155, 183 16, 046 131, 820 31, 486 206, 456 46, 738 39, 239 89, 203 110 713 99, 504 134, 601 57, 696 64.518 48, 565 28, 426 205, 673 289, 177 124, 573 144, 136 96, 678 61, 337 230, 594 141, 756 133, 595 60, 564 357, 434 51, 199 66, 253 132, 812 23, 568 35, 740 44, 887 31, 480 10,150 14, 999 48, 310 73, 109 8,800 4,862 694, 996 1, 501, 846 660, 147 436, 038 341, 062 492, 615 1, 234, 402 450, 307 8,800 4,862 1, 217, 080 2, 427, 522 1, 001, 670 898, 935 1, 182, 647 1, 606, 202 2, 703, 088 1,012,563 12, 193, 300 5, 828, 952 190 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 46. STATEMENT SHOWING, BY COUNTRIES, THE QUANTITIES OF WOOL (SHEEP, LAMB, AND ALPACA) IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED KINGDOM DURING EACH YEAR FROM 1844 TO 1860, INCLUSIVE. [From McCullough's Commercial Dictionary.] Years. Germany, ' viz, Meck- lepborg, Spain, ! Hanover, Oldenburg, and Haute Towns. Other countries of Europe. British Pos- British Pos- sessions in sessions in South Af- the East rica. Indies. 1844 Pounds. 918, 853 1, 074. 540 1, 020, 476 424, 408 106, 638 127, 559 440, 757 383, 150 233, 413 154, 146 424, 300 68, 750 55, 090 397, 238 110, 510 153, 874 1, 000, 227 Pounds. 21,847,684 18, 484, 736 15, 8*8, 705 1-2, U73, 814 14,429,1(11 12, 750, Oil 9, 1C, 731 8,219.236 12, 765, 253 11,584,800 11,448,518 G, ] 28, 620 8,687.781 6, 088, 002 10, 595, 186 19, 820, 557 18, 438. 488 Pounds. 15,313,087 17, 606, 515 11, 733, 601 7, 935, 697 7, (124, 098 11, 432, 354 8, 703, 252 14,203. 156 13, 382, 110 26. 861, 166 14, 481, 483 8, 119, 408 14, 480, 869 23, 802, 520 17, 926, 859 18, 659, 275 17, 454, 604 Pounds. 2,11)7,143 3, 512, 924 2, 95H, 457 3, 477, 392 3, 497, 250 5, 377. 495 5, 709, 529 5 810 501 Pounds. 2, 765, 853- 3, 975, 866 4, 570, 581 3, 063, 142- 5, 997, 433 4, 182, 853 3, 473, 252 4,549,5-20 7, 880, 784 12, 400, 8C9 14, 965, 191 14, 2F3, 535- 15,386,578 19, 370, 741 17, 333, 507 14, 363, 403- 20, 214, 173 1846 1^47 1848 1849 - - 1850 1851 1852 . 6, 388, 796 7. 221, 448 8, 223, 598 11,1175,905 14, 305, 188 14, 287, 828 16, 597, 504 14, 269, 343 16, 574, 345 1853 . 1854 - - - 1855 1856 1857 1858 1859 I860 Tears. British settlements in Austra- lia, South America. Other countries. Total. 1844 Pounds. 17, 602, 247 24, 177, 317 21, 789, 346 26, 056, 815 30, 034, 567 35,879.171 39, 018. 221 41,810,117 43,197,301 47, 076, 010 47, 489, 650 49, 142, 306 52, 052, 13:) Pounds. 3, 760, U63 6, 468, 338 4, 890, 273 7, 295, 550 8,851,211 6, 014, 525 5, 296, 648 4, 850, 048 6, 252, 689- 9, 740, 032 6, 134, 334 7, 106, 708 8, 076, 317 9, 306, 886 10, 046, 381 9, 711, 172 8, 890, 940 Pounds. 1.308,831 1, 513. 619 2. 404, 023 1, 665, 780 924, 487 1, 004, 679 2. 518, 394 3, 420, 157 3,661,082 4, 357, 978 2,954,921 3, 375, 148 3, 167, 430 7, 287, 028 3, 024, 216 2, 606, 531 6, 657, 861 Pounds. 65, 713, 7f-l 70, 813, 855 65, 255, 462 62, 59?, 598 70, 864, 4T 76, 768: 647 74, 326, 778 83, 311, 975 93, 761, 458 119, 396, 449 106,121,995 99, 300, 446 116, 211, 392 129, 749, 898 126, 738, 723 133, 284, 634 148, 396, 577 1845 1846 1847 1848 1849 . 1850 ' 1851 1852 1853 1854 . . . 1855 1856 1857 49, 209, 655 51, 104, 560 53, 700, 481 59, 165, 939 1858 1859 .... I860 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 191 S 8" 5 8 " g" S " 8" g 3 3 3 Sf 2 2 S i S ; S S ^S S 2 5 S S8 S S 5;S S S S 8 S o -is"- ^ 2 S'gf gfc" g'S' :' 2 ^S 22" 2 2 ?! ?; riVi" il'ff ?T.S SSS_ ' "' ~ - " CM ?0 "l- CC CC~^ Cilh >O rH CM t oaT 56 35 eo oo ao ce 192 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 48. STATEMENT SHOWING THE TOTAL QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MANUFACT- URES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO THE UNITED KINGDOM EACH YEAR FROM 1861 TO 1885, INCLUSIVE. [One pound sterling equals $4.8665. ] Woolen and worsted yarn. All other Total value Years. "Woolen rags. Berlin wool and yarn used for fancy pur- poses. For weaving. manu- factures of wool. of the im- ports of manufact- ures of wool. Tons. Pounds. & Pounds. 1861. . 10, 653 336, 107 214, 217 58, 910 1,362,874 306, 648 1, 419, 336 2, 121, 01 1862. . 13, 109 437, 056 193, 098 53, 103 2, 051, 603 461,611 1, 574, 281 2, 526, 051 1863. . 15, 417 551, 824 213, 528 58, 723 4, 312, 857 970, 394 1, 813, 894 3, 394, 835 1864. . 15, 642 642, 907 174, 653 48, 031 4, 479, 984 l f 008, 004 1, 849, 550 3, 548, 492 1865. . 14, 585 565, 861 211, 244 58, 092 4, 180, 846 940, 692 1, 891, 104 3, 455, 749 1866. . 15,797 530, 947 287, 367 79, 028 6, 997, 889 1, 574, 527 2, 036, 671 4, 221, 173 1867. . 14, 542 395, 801 303, 918 73, 902 5,514,947 1, 08!, 350 2, 405, 600 3, 904, 653 1868. . 15, 922 370, 412 387, 255 87, 133 8, 950, 692 1, 566, 371 2, 373, 366 4, 397, 282 1869. . 16, 699 373, 322 434, 897 97, 855 9, 587, 631 1, 677, 834 2, 534, 523 4, 683, 534 1870. . 17, 210 400, 326 611,013 123, 984 9, 683, 402 1,511,170 3, 362, 656 5, 398, 1HG 1871. . 24, 219 498, 754 464, 058 81, 883 11,665,465 1,097,289 4, 637, 625 6, 315, 551 1872. . 29, 302 534, 329 423, 563 83, 010 11, 706, 427 1, 382, 084 4, 038, 666 6, 038, 089 1873. . 24, 827 468, 556 325, 259 59, 194 13, 169, 662 1, 496, 403 3, 846, 662 5, 870, 875 1874. . 25, 581 547, 399 533, 320 107,471 13, 131, 850 1, 494, 945 3, 973, 811 6, 123, 626 1875. . 25, 415 599, 402 727, 214 145, 049 11, 700, 928 1,327,887 4, 308, 357 6, 380, 695 1876. . 28, 847 660, ?60 841, 878 162, 387 12, 909, 902 1, 538, 496 4, 920, 711 7, 281, 854 1877. . 33, 408 760, 256 976, 044 190, 369 12, 948, 662 1, 540, 239 5. 235, 948 7, 726, 812 1878. . 32, 376 739, 137 1, 028, 550 204, 428 11, 343, 339 1, 365, 431 5, 934, 748 8, 243, 744 1879. . 33, 309 660, 046 887, 233 167, 719 10, 022, 139 1, 233, 402 5, 637, 675 7, 698, 42 1880. 41, 266 820, 366 752, 700 128, 176 I 14, 194, 979 1, 713, 959 7, 649, 778 10, 312, 279 1881. . 35, 265 761, 591 663, 922 117, 080 10, 068, 329 1, 236, 737 5, 985, 863 8, 101, 271 1882. . 37, 511 820, 616 938, 819 166, 373 12, 731, 339 1, 585, 325 5, 982, 449 8, 554, 763 1883. . 35, 767 757, 277 951, 221 170, 593 14, 558, 567 1, 831, 010 6, 251, 281 9, 010, 161 1884. . 31, 022 678, 525 1, 094, 620 200, 440 13, 341, 685 1,675,019 6, 831, 737 9, 385, 721 1885. . 32 642 681, 995 1, 255, 425 221, 412 14, 632, 653 1, 774, 399 7, 374, 808 10, 052, 614 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 193 t~ lO * CO CO ^ C-J I- i- JM " 5- CO S -O [^ V O CC CX ^f 'N O C O 5"S5'^"o~Io'i^"c?co'cf 5Tw"ef V?"K"S" ^f S*w"t2 o'o"^ 'f ?[ cs " ^" o" cT co" is" -o" i^T i -" co" " co" no" =T oo" w" co" o" o" cs" o" T rT T W co" > ss cr. i- TJ- i- o r- in i-- x> ;xj 10 o i- o m 10 CM "o"o" - r t>"-*"o" -H"cT"o"o" *"="- "i ^- ^g S ^^ 5 H ^ g KG 5 3 ^ a Q M 3 P > % s as ii ^11 i S i I' o . II - 8^ II I jcBcooocorQ^o-^cocaSio^^csooooccSr-icocNTaS 1 r--" cc" r-" CM" co" o" co" t>" ts" -f" i~-" in " co" n" oo" -*" co" o" oo" -4 co" cf o" of ; ^ f^- O CS -n* O 1^- ' O t^- lO i I C*} O 'M CS 1C CM CM ^--OSTfOO 'OCOC4CSt-*^)O 1 ^'^OCOCSCCCS--JlOC'J^sOCOCOl>'COCOOO 1 ^"io"o"o"irrt~"^"t>"cs"cs"o"i-rcs"cs"t>"o"co"o"co"crari-ro' rJ"r-f 'o't^ co't-" C<1M -OlOi'OOCSCocSoSrt*.H eo" t-f !>" oc" >*" -rf ^ CM" TjT TjT ^H'O" T*~ o o" co" o" uo r-T co" m" t~-' c-s" o'c-- O^COCOCSTX-CSOOCSI^-TfCOCO-^C-^^OOO . Tt >o 10 o GO 10 o co yj i~ c^. ri - ''t ~ i^. o -^> o ^ (nSOCMOOCOC-ICM'Tft^OC-JOOCOCOCC-MOOCSCM JM^3_! ! ih T< ^H i-i O5 to i-: JJS3 ^oT^r 088 rt'ci t^ o oo o f-H CN| 8 1198 S S' I Sg S"g" <00 O C5 .H .-H ^ IO CO -f CO IO IO JM (M llliSE oc l~ <. JM- II r-Tw- '"* i* -f o O L sis (M 00 S5 ih CO rl CO rM rf . > j i 1 I 3 3 4 Wool, all other manufactures of, composed wholly or in part of wool. Total . . . 1 ^ 'c 9 Carpets, Brussels and tapestry WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 197 g S3 (I I 5 M jps- 1 || 3 |r o 00 t- >o S 1 $ CO 3 ______ e 5 e tj illlll CO i j L ; P 3 II 8 t> JL I * ITH O OOOCQ CO s i II . OO (M CO *" s || : : , N j* 1 CO oo 1; ill- e ii 8" M 8" gf CM S" lO'rH" 00" CO CO s** 8 -c foin a lf r- oo" tV of S3 ^B s i III 1 T< o m ^-i oo ?) i n i 1 g pi 1 3 : S co" ^< t~ fl : r I^S" 5 fj S : : S : : : : : ! j i i ! rS O O O . 'groTa-a : : : i !- O t3 d . Great Britain United States All other countries . . . Great Britain United States Great Britain United States All other countries . .. ! Great Britain TTnitpil Kt.fl.tA4 All other countries . . . 1 Great Britain United Statea... All other countries . . . Great Britain United States : . France All other countries . . . Great Britain United States Great Britain.... Unit.ftd States All other countries . . . Carpets, two and three ply, treble ingrain composed wholly of wool. Total.. Carpets, twj and three ply ingrain, of which the warp is wholly of other material than wool. Total Felt, for boots, shoes, &c., imported for use in factories. Total . . . Felt, for glove linings, and endless felt, imported for use in factories. Total Felt, pressed, of all kinds, not filled or covered by or with any woven fabric. Total... Dress or costume cloths, serges, and similar fabrics, &c. i "Woolen netting for boots, shoes, and gloves Total Manufactures of winceys of all kinds Total . Total value of wool and manufactures of wool 198 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. s; 4< OS S 5 CO 1 1 i S-' ^ f Lr. ^ i" p a +3 g S rH 5 g S ? o |8 d T* * " p $ 1 1 * | 5 1 1- g s <4 f^ O Irt 1 g 1 fc oo" | S s I H S SS 1 co |j - L fo co N "f rh 55 fc S 1 33 O i g 2" 1 9 M : : 1 S Q O It j ; PM M O K 'a 13 33 "d S s 1 H H a j ; a H i H H S o w A ' 00 00 j 1 j'C .2 o a | OB 9 c S 3 If " ts Q H H I M t QQ fe P 1 - II M 2 i 1? 55 s > i fc . 00 H O J < > Q 3 r/> | 1 1 a H **] Z 1 & O? c 1. Mj (T | r- -> 10 6 \ t ! I <4 i ^ H ^5 1 j WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 199 No. 52. STATEMENT SHOWING THE VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM BRITISH INDIA FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1876 TO 1835, INCLUSIVE. Imports. Exports. Tears. Manufact- ures of wool. Wool raw. Manufact- ures of wool. 1876 ) 8ti9, 760 Pounds. 24, 133, 636 , 109, 740 217, 202 1877 811,652 24, 588, 131 102 913 232 274 1878 78^ 781 23 612 983 966 845 2 9 3 3?4 1879 878, 042 27, 791, 684 1,109 702 202 289 1880 927 876 28 666 852 187 799 169 229 1881 ~ 1, 291), 130 25, 748, 121 , 170, 624 230 601 1882 .. . 1, 121, 232 26, 757, 352 3,042,246 227, 692 1883 984, 873 26, 380, 327 1, 002, 833 183, 348 1884 1, 217, 053 25 229 180 983 002 156 509 1885 1,234,428 25, 540, 253 994, 319 150, 823 No. 53. STATEMENT SHOWING TifE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM NEW SOUTH WALES FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. Tears. Imports. Exports. Wool, raw. Wool, raw. 1875 Pounds. 8, 357, 279 6, 765, 995 4, 646, 262 5, 449, 582 6, 454, 370 10, 915, 936 8, 096, 141 8, 316, 114 16, 765, 446 11, 404, 239 441, 856 331,606 368, 049 285, 393 312, 496 519, 608 355, 626 389, 806 665, 649 486, 946 Pounds. 47, 628, 810 54, 872, 771 107, 897, 141 116, 005, 930 129, 123, 573 162, 486, 322 147, 183, 687 153, 351, 354 199, 638, 895 183, 016, 518 3, 193, 320 3, 299, 738 5, 626, 602 5, 960, 206 6, 769, 294 8, 437, 534 7, 530, 792 7, 773, 704 10, 136, 244 9,382,4.99 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 - 1882 1883 1884 No. 54. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM VICTORIA FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 T 1884, INCLUSIVE. Tears. Imports. Exports. Wool, raw. Manufact- ures of wool. Wool, raw. 1875 Pounds. 41, 417, 925 46, 831, 787 45,631,322 49, 170, 516 50, 046, 396 60, 723, 152 59, 345, 348 53,839,219 45, 520, 395 59, 675, 280 2, 310. 477 2, 179, 184 2, 030, 129 2, 362, 697 2, 494, 573 2, 977, 264 2, 887, 260 2, 734, 738 2, 043, 588 2, 575, 905 898, 073 789, 183 917, 793 866, 179 701. 292 645, 543 663, 397 924, 905 793, 015 923, 072 Pounds. 85, 064, 952 106, 265, 877 98, 4G8, 208 101,809,809 95,628,281 112, 486, 206 103, 449, 800 108,028,601 109, 616, 610 119, 542, 407 6, 096, 958 6, 413, 754 5,670,871 5,810,148 5, 269, 634 6,417,466 5. 450, 066 5 902, 624 6, 054, 613 6, 342, 887 1876 1877 . . . 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 J883 1884 200 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 55. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OP WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND EXPORTED FROM SOUTH AUSTRALIA FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. Years. Imports. Exports. "Wool, raw. Wool, raw. 1875 Pounds. 7, 165, 355 9, 086, 734 3, 386, 827 13, 414, 375 9, 693, 656 10, 009, 719 8,160,235 17, 775, 666 13, 209, 2S9 16. 816, 068 377, 699 438, 079 143, 340 667, 891 437, 190 508, 397 338, 659 863, 874 661,178 ' 793, 206 Pounds. 44, 508, 674 43, 068, 795 50, 616, 902 67, 982, 463 49, 4U2, 149 51, 544, 118 50, 336, 040 57, 926, 306 55, 463, 920 64, 112, 240 2, 066, 227 1,836,299 2,189,418 2, 417, 397 1. 984, 879 2,065,176 1,911,927 2, 400, 5f>;{ 2, 406, 708 a, 616, 620 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 No. 56. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM TASMANIA FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. Years. Wool, raw. Years. Wool, raw. 1875 Pounds. 6, 199, MB 6, 848, 517 8, 016, 396 7, 512, 662 7, 385, 002 433, 550 439, 603 522, 885 479, 165 407, 227 1880 Pounds. 9, 025, 288 8, 269, 724 7, 748, 542 8, 257, 765 8, 215, 101 542, 244 498, 400 432, 768 450, 367 453, 567 1876 J881 1877 B682 1878 1883 1879 .... 1 1884 No. 57. STATEMENT SHOWING THE VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OP WOOL I:.i- PORTED INTO AND THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM NEW ZEALAND FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. Years. Imports. Exports. Manufact- ures of wool. Wool, raw. 216, 116 137, 763 107, 594 137,207 174, 138 105, 103 97, 245 155, 314 130, 242 100, 521 Pounds. 54,401,540 59, 853, 454 64,481,324 59, 270, 256 62, 220, blO 65, 860, 150 59,521,564 65, 356, 8(57 68, 182, 450 81, 139, 028 3, 398, 155 3,395,816 3, 658, 938 3, 292, 807 3. 126, 439 3, 169, 300 214, 046 3, 119, 837 3,015,461 3, 267, 527 1880 - - 1881 1883 1884 - f 8. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM QUEENSLAND FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. Years. Wool raw. Years. Wool raw. 1875 Pounds. 20, 145, 914 1, 366, 030 1880 Pounds. 24, 360, 723 1, 387, 530 1876 22 918 560 1 499 576 1881 25, 388, 013 1, 331, 869 IS'HT 23, 980, 485 1, 499, 682 1882 24, 763, 149 1,329,019 1878 21 668 122 1 185 659 1883 43, 231, 606 2, 277, 878 J879 22 582,834 1 238 518 1884 35, 525, 977 1, 889, 504 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 201 No. 59. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO AND OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM NATAL FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. Tears. Imports. Exports. Manufactures of wool. Wool, raw. Blankets. Other manufactures. > jg75 Pounds. 42, 852 63, 261 32, 252 72, 358 119, 872 . 176,116 86, 974 131, 212 74, 390 74, 660 27, 664 38, 481 16, 818 37, 101 61, 902 106, 461 43, 949 73,] 83 43,031 35, 147 Yards. 270, 456 98, 164 152, 063 207, 515 389, 702 356, 035 152,697 361, 103 317, 654 428, 164 19,961 9,632 13,418 16, 368 19, 972 23, 310 10, 842 21,011 19, 345 21, 863 Pounds. 8, 109, 447 8, 550, 177 10, 012, 356 12, 077, 966 12, 029, 216 15, 283, 049 12,578,781 14, 056, 126 15,826,915 17. 330, 981 389, 285 366, 280 383, 019 429, 657 415,890 529, 3-.>l 450, 938 481,449 519.101 523, 377 1876 ........ Ig77 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 1864 No. 60. STATEMENT SHOWING THE VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO, AND THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM, THE CAPE OF GOOD HOPE FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. Tears. Imports. Exports. Manufact- ures of wool. "Wool, raw. 1375 ., 266, 867 225, 563 163, 813 198, 521 279, 456 308, 627 312, 090 394, 657 181,850 140, 722 Pounds. 40, 339, 674 34, 861, 339 36, 020, 571 32, 127, 167 40, 087, 593 42, 467, 962 42, 770, 244 41,689,119 38, 029, 495 37, 270, 615 2, 855, 899 2, 278, 942 2, 232, 755 1,888,928 2, 156, 609 2, 429, 360 2, 181, 937 2, 062, 180 1, 992. 745 1, 745, 193 1876 j 877 1879 . 1880 1881 . 1882 1883 No. 61. STATEMENT SHOWING THE VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO, AND OF WOOL EXPORTED FROM, EGYPT FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1875 TO 1884, INCLUSIVE. [One piaster equals 4.943 cents.] Imports. Exports. Imports. Exports. Tears. Manufact- ures of wool. Wool, raw. Tears. Manufact- ures of wool. Wool, raw. 1875 Piasters. 19 416 000 Piasters. 7 380 000 1880 . . Piasters. 30 004 000 Piasters. 5 528 000 1876 22 705 000 10 535 000 1881 25,241 000 5, 049, 000 1877 .... 13 814 000 8, 756, 000 1882... 14, 253, 000 4, 538, 000 1878 16 052 000 5 173 000 1883 24, 759, 000 7, 974, 000 1879 18 746 000 4 762 000 1884 30 418 000 5 186 000 202 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 62. STATEMENT SHOWING THE VALUES OF MANUFACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO CHINA (EXCLUSIVE OF HONG-KONG) FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1874 TO 1884, IN- CLUSIVE. [One H. tael equals $1.622.) Years. Manufact- ures of wool. Tears. Manufact- ures of wool. 1874 H. taels. 4 516 000 1880 U. taels. 5 811 000 1875 ... 4, 561, 000 1881 5*854 000 1876 4 259 000 1882 I 496 000 1877 4 831,000 1883 3 893 000 1878 4, 876, 000 1884 3 710 000 1879 4 954 000 No. 63. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO JAPAN FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1868 TO 1885, IN- CLUSIVE. [One catty equals 1.333 pounds. One yen equals 99.7 cents. | Tears. Wool. Woolen yarn. Alpacas. Balzarine. 1868 Catties. Yen. Catties. Yen. Yards. Yen. Yards. Yen. 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 427 84 3,892 500 1,384 1, 203 5,866 1-, 345 7,531 5,212 2,601 16, 154 497. 79 149. 48 4, 790. 25 878. 75 1, 448. 08 1,231.45 3, 639. 15 2, 022. 30 4, 043. 06 2, 993. 94 2, 322. 58 10, 218. 37 44, 162 92, 136 65, 339 38, 321 112,913 71,857 205, 002 2.374 804 10, 083 11, 700 14,553 8, 931. 72 15, 774. 07 11, 745. 30 7,098.41 26, 840. 56 12,643.61 26, 551. 18 598. 32 217. 00 1,516.79 2, 531. 22 2, 167. 68 1875 1876 1877 1 878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 273, 168 153 691 89, 845. 48 4*> 518.58 68, 265 130, 942 30, 190 7, 384. 12 12, 555. 22 1, 900. 81 1884 . .. 18&5 255, 238 75, 385. 18 Tears. Blankets. Buntings. Camlets. Camlet cords. 1868 Catties. 328, 453 837, 8?6 225, 283 251, 307 636, 108 672, 462 183, 135 740, 137 247, 701 960, 727 758, 152 379, 754 593, 502 523, 979 462, 436 620, 140 633,003 484,337 Ten. 172. 258. 52 557, 853. 12 91,447.10 117, 560. 57 27?, 679. 48 414, 149. 45 90, 392. 69 359, Ofl4. 56 127,611.86 460, 20ti. 94 339, 682. 69 175,413.49 284, 775. 74 231,861.06 210, 136. 92 278, 868. 55 279, 824. 64 207, 871. 42 Yards. Yen. 1, 138. 86 171. 30 2, 886. 00 14, 223. 06 18, 131. 55 8, 903. 52 11,805.76 5, 319. 17 6, 775. 95 4, 356. 53 10, 498. 24 2, 089. 74 4, 016. 77 4, 495. 05 4, 443. 06 3, 262. 07 2, 217. 65 1, 880. 75 Yards. 1,348,990 1, 845, 688 525, 788 167,882 174, 955 132,603 133,939 205, 610 52, 873 90, 283 101, 061 23, 217 65, 690 58, 807 36, 808 29, 768 18, 687 18, 631 Yen. 403, 924. 42 546, 039. 86 151, 100. 14 55, 489. 62 48,128.98 40, 599. 09 34, 863. 43 56, 397. 46 13,719.45 24, 827. 25 25, 942. 99 6, 181. 06 18. 066. 48 13, 79J. 78 7, 790. 31 5, 872. 25 3, 365. 48 3, 637. 85 Yards. Yen. 1 UIJQ 2, 376 20, 545 50, 800 49, 012 55, 720 70, 282 20, 177 53, 965 35, 776 96, 924 19, 701 37, 006 46, 740 46, 333 33, 758 21,881 20, 709 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 14(5, 875 3,586 19, 545 40, 352 30, 536 32, 636. 93 789. 00 3,238.21 7, 118. 08 4, 182. 57 1876 1877 1878 . . . 1879 1880 1881 23, 477 39, 701 98,216 7,592 29, 102 2, 994. 50 5, 080. 07 11, 996. 07 1, 189. 45 3, 812. 32 1882 1883 1884 1885 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 203 No. 63. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES OF WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO JAPAN FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1868 TO 1885, INCLUSIVE Continued. Years. China figures. Flannels. Italian cloths. Lastings. 1868 Yards. Yen. Yards. 39, 551 14, 260 28, 223 $0, 163 317, 070 731,465 108,072 180, 372 133,315 459, 897 6? 9 320 Yen. 10. 745. 45 5,498.01 8, 098. 62 8, 513. 66 105, 324. 24 224, 031. 99 30, 229. 04 45, 694. 70 39, 896. 11 130, 578. 04 170,982.59 34, 357. 53 28, 348. 03 60, 316. 77 105, 784. 93 94,582.61 172,587.69 287, 181. 72 Yards. 13, 820 Yen. 2, 785. 61 Yards. 22. 062 Yen. 7, 738. 02 1869 1870 106.542 24, 758 42, 616. 65 17, 759. 48 1871. .. 1872 1873. . 585, 435 205, 448 818, 881 774, 070 2, 097, 966 1,520,397 3, 089, 258 4, 355, 706 2,671,966 2,676,351 4, 749, 796 2, 480, 938 4, 453, 409 155, 598. 88 50, 615. 62 214,694.81 188, 480. 04 496, 081. 29 339, 813. 66 651, 929. 16 891, 429. 02 531, 827. 08 573, 494. 60 995, 091. 05 450, 337. 77 828, 055. 26 665,714 13, 720 109, 839. 23 4, 646. CO 1874 1875 1876 303, 835 384, 496 653. 832 527,417 541, 579 646, 681 201,747. 220, 540 56, 986 9,159 59, 684. 52 90, 306. 75 137, 109. 63 103, 024. 83 89, 153. 36 122, 433. 74 46,949.26 47, 732. 12 12, 336. 32 2, 557. 01 1877 1878 1879 126, 971 100,489 216,426 375,017 343, 645 633, 775 1,079, 35 J I860 1881 1882 1883 1884 1885 255, 694 83, 013 5,930 24, 284. 05 7,915 91 639. 03 Years. Long ells. Lusters. Mousseline de Laine. Orleans. 1868 18(59 1870 1871 1872 1873 . . Yards. 54, 560 55, 081 162,707 126, 180 172, 931 63, 733 61,576 53, 736 72, 138 78,219 63, 564 85, 509 63, 358 82, 955 56, 495 36, 615 59, 158 36, 951 Yen. 14, 880. 50 19,176.65 65, 539. 55 Yatds. Yen. Yards. 347, 460 Yen. 73, 278. 40 Yards. 831, 210 Yen. 142, 525. 60 46, 435. 80 53, 262. 13 4, 495, 344 224, 565 1,910,404 3. 988, 434 1,553,662 1, 297, 829 2, 086, 376 2, 974, 302 1, 448, 032 1, 382, 183 746, 908 358, 932 338, 362 341, 703 887, 932. 05 37, 774. 10 338, 525. 02 671, 925. 34 244, 634. 14 196, 118. 15 277, 062. 31 369, 859. 45 173, 337. 90 145, 671. 93 75, 297. 32 34, 820. 13 33, 658. 76 32, 650. 36 20, 108. 04 19,819.61 16,116.20 25, 549. 71 27, 917. 21 22, 872. 96 28, 010. 86 21,291.44 28, 946. 86 15,!j83.78 9, 604. 58 15, 600. 46 9, 785. (il 105, 302 114, 918 398, 029 361,518 444, 428 274, 339 242, 893 176, 362 348, 885 38, 448 54, 352 101,427 151, 852 127, 671. 20 19, 540. 11 67, 219. 28 55, 567. 70 69, 326. 06 39, 349. 66 30, 488. 89 18, 884. 42 41,679.19 3, 953. 98 5, 397. 60 10, 271. 33 14, 958. 67 5, 053, 427 4, 752, 524 10, 197, 172 10, 819, 785 11,901,189 13, 626, 117 17,301,218 20, 946, 299 15, 863, 192 8, 873, 846 11,297,560 14, 607, 355 7, 802, 765 1, 076, 443. 86 981,237.17 2, 393, 157. 56 2, 263, 273. 43 2, 373, 621. 20 2, 693, 766. 90 3, 126, 042. 55 3, 478, 056. 83 2, 709, 341. 11 1, 221, 784. 80 1,618,072.40 1, 839, 997. 61 906, 616. 92 1874 1875 1870 .. 1K77 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 18^:5 1884 1885 Years. Serges. Spanish stripes. "Woolen cloths. Woolen cloths, in part of wool. 1868 Yards. Yen. Yards. 10, 657 3,473 8,038 10, 136 7,036 3,163 9,484 10, 161 22, 521 12, 287 25, 694 3, 112 10, 459 8,807 7,248 5,625 2,582 6,371 Yen. 4, 200. 88 2. 778. 66 18, 690. 14 29, 660. 73 6, 148. 14 2, 467. 70 6, 022. 81 7, 387. 79 15, 365. 04 9, 645. 60 18, 974. 74 2, 742. 35 7,705.18 5, 879. 22 5, 748. 99 3, 997. 70 1, 866.59 3, 814. 72 Yards. 194, 049 461, 156 437, 237 436, 574 1,261,868 1, 038, 158 84, 102 1, 845, 247 1, 970, 407 490, 738 503, 393 157, 447 143, 224 75, 329 157, 469 169,834 377, 171 364, 763 Yen. 235, 344. 93 606, 171. 25 646, 306. 18 840, 039. 02 3, 036, 480. 47 1,320,895.77 112, 8S6..79 530, 868. 19 594, 600. 90 684, 936. 13 702, 653. 31 212, 109. 05 188,484.03 89, 234. 63 181,881.34 192,120.69 467,641.79 391, 904. 64 Yards. Yen. 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 13,912.75 128. 70 750. 49 14, 830. 73 26, 388. 85 34, 007. 34 27, 036. 39 12, 825. 12 19, 291. 88 40, 176. 04 23, 415. 12 26, 143. 86 1875 662 1,412 31,791 64, 325 66, 065 52, 837 32, 217 34,711 85, 137 59, 047 60, 571 1876 1877 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 1883 197, 339 170, 131 192, 858 80, 577. 99 68, 072. 03 82, 439. 61 1884 1885 204 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 63, STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES AND VALUES or WOOL AND MANU- FACTURES OF WOOL IMPORTED INTO JAPAN FOR EACH YEAR FROM 1868 TO 1885, INCLUSIVE Continued. Years. Woolen damasks. Woolen piece goods, un- enumerated. Woolen and cotton mixt- irres, unenumerated. Total. 1868 Yards. Ten. Yards. 418, 778 656, 413 2, 218, 176 3, 190, 117 3, 992, 804 841, 192 791, 146 1,312,759 633, 617 318, 646 134,662 284, K7 239, 251 378, 053 53, 435 31, 114 15, 154 29, 655 Yen. 127, 723. 94 478, 558. 56 628, 144. 48 952, 996. 88 1, 768, 766. 72 ' 322,82C.67 191,513.68 319,518.71 103,061.17 81, 553. 04 47, 587. 32 42, 643. 07 38,231,21 61,071.96 9, 119. 58 7, 287. 56 9, 7ti5. 88 7, 955. 20 Yards. 4, 172, 822 2, 135, 797 5, 302, 766 6, 507, 729 5, 332, 921 10, 720, 032 5, 145, 329 6, 504, 681 2,179,061 1, 907, 493 3, 084, 153 2, 486, 776 2, 789, 814 2, 493, 992 1, 725, 486 212, 925 127, 306 253, 513 Yen. 923, 834. 47 696,611.32 1,132,707.72 1, 920, 297. 28 1, 292, 364. 99 3, 608, 041. 16 1, 304, 37'J. 90 1, 399, 857. 97 472, 480. 23 631,923.43 873, 484. 05 629, 550. 06 774, 639. 38 511, 225. 07 353, 891. 01 65, 859. 99 40, 043. 15 75, 872. 78 Yen. 2, 120, 379. 60 2,912,858.73 2, 787, 596. i>8 4, 002, 976. 10 7, 489, 218. 75 7, 475, 353. 66 3, 220, 410. 89 6, 136, 009. 49 4, 228, 805. 29 5, 307, 443. 7f. 5,761,601.61 5,470,518.53 0,030,707.11 4, 570, 312. 15 2, 846, 026. 54 3,622,045.12 3, 501, 016. 52 2, 978, 147. 84 1869 1870 1871 1872 1873 1874 1875 162 .78 158. 57 20.00 1876 1877 1878 20 72 198 153 1,721 1,113 1, 452 1,339 25. 02 11.47 120. 60 88.46 1, 132. 65 701. 34 981.29 698. 07 1879 1880 1881 1882 t 1883 1884 1885 Recapitulation of the total values of imports and exports of raw wool and manufactures of wool into and from the following foreign countries during the years named. Countries. A Imports. Exports. Wool. Manufactures of wool. Wool. Manufactures of wool. Austria-Hungary ...... 1885 1884 1885 1884 1885 1884 1884 1884 1884 1885 Dollars. a!8, 633, 700 14, 057, r55 54, 792, 129 52, 811, 962 5, 677, 288 8, 557, 335 304, 448 818, 640 10, 829, 274 Dottars. 10, 819, 033 4, 057, 825 19, 209, 283 25, 044, 264 13, 225, 372 3, 113, 274 3, 144, 712 1, 689, 120 3,181,794 5, 779, 445 7, 133, 892 8, 998, 305 48, 921, 046 9, 390, 757 6, 007, 344 Dollars. alO, 632, 655 Dollars. 10, 935, 541 15,381,328 71, 702, 919 51.701,216 639, 558 1, 950, 461 Belgium . 17, 530, 755 9, 357, 208 Italy Netherlands 8, 136, 515 Norway 144, 720 67, 171, 986 ol, 444, 605 Russia in Europe .... ...... Spain 1C6, 870 1883 1885 1, 480, 432 Switzerland 1,787,924 113,048,557 28, 283 733, 980 1885 1886 1885 103, 064, 219 1, 796, 850 4, 543, 423 316, 937 4, 838, 853 45,659,931 30, 867, 6GO 12, 733, 810 2, 207, 284 15,901,421 9, 195, 272 2, 547, 014 8, 492, 982 256, 344 British Possessions : Dominion of Canada British India New South Wales . . . 1884 1884 1884 1884 2, 369, 723 12, 535, 642 3, 860, 137 Victoria 4, 492, 130 South Australia Tasmania New Zealand 1884 489, 185 Queensland ..... 1884 Natal 1884 277, 439 684, 824 1, 503, 562 6, 017, 620 2, 969, 213 Cape of Good Hope Egypt .. . 1884 1884 :::::::::::;:;; China (exclusive of Hong-Kong) 1884 Japan . . 1885 75, 159 a 1884. 1 1882. No. 64. INFORMATION IN REGARD TO W T OOL AND WOOLEN INDUSTRIES OF TH UNITED KINGDOM, FRANCE, GERMANY, AND RUSSIA. The following statistics in regard to the wool industries, manufact- ures, &c., of the United Kingdom, France, and Germany are derived from the official report of a royal commission appointed to inquire into the depression of trade and industry of Great Britain, and from other official data. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 205 According to the report of the royal commission the number of per- sons employed in the United Kingdom in the worsted and woolen man- ufactures was as follows : Tears. Number employed. Percentage of population employed. 1856 - 166,885 .596 1862! 173,046 .592 1868 .. 249,900 .814 1874 > 276,702 .851 1885 -- 277,546 .764 The following exhibits the decrease of the value of exports and the concurrent increase of the value of imports of worsted and woolen yarns and manufactures : 5-year periods. Imports. Exports. 1870tol874.. 25,896,913 157,538,261 1875 to 1879 33,912,846 110,942,983 1880tol884 41,525,820 109,740,697 Proportion of imported and home-grown wool retained for manufacture in the United King- dom in the Jive years 1880-'84, as compared with the five years 1865-'69. [Of the total supply.] I Pounds. Per cent. Pounds. Per cent. Imported 236,300,000 481,300,000 Of which re-exported 92,300,000 264,200,000 Retained for manufacture 144,000,000 60.9 217,100,000 45.1 Domesticclip 161,000,000 135,000,000 Of which exported 9,900,000 16,500,000 Retained for manufacture 151,100,000 93.8 118,500,000 87.8 Total of imported and home-grown wool retained for manufacture 295,100,000 74.3 335,600,000 54.5 Exported for manufacture abroad 102, 200, 000 25. 7 280, 700, 000 45. 5 Wool retained for manufacture in the United Kingdom, the United States, France,and Ger- many, respectively, in the years 1866, 1876, and 1884. 1876. 1884. Pounds. Pounds. Pounds. United Kingdom (imported and home-grown) 313,000,000 369,000,000 381,000.000 United States (imported and home-grown) 229, 707, 000 235, 020, 000 376, 036, 000 France (home-grown not included, amount unknown) 190,119,000 271,484,000 365,767,000 Germany (home-grown not included, amount unknown) No returns. 143,260,000 232,962,000 NOTE. The domestic production of wool in France decreased from 43,434,300 kilograms in 1876 to 36,351,200 kilograms in 1882. The domestic production in Germany has decreased from about 62,273,000 pounds in 1873 to about 47,974,000 pounds in 1883. The commissioners, in their report, commenting on the foregoing tables, state: The seriously diminished value of our exports of woolens * * * during the years 1880 to 1884, as compared with the years 1870 to 1874, must be accepted as a clear proof that foreign tariffs are the great cause at work to prevent the natural and healthy 206 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. growth of this important industry in this country. How rapidly they must have heen growing m France, Germany, and the United States, whilst comparatively languish- ing here, is strikingly shown in the tables on the preceding page. In the eight years from 1876 to 1884, France, Germany, and the United States increased their annual con- sumption of wool by 325,000,000 pounds, or, allowing for the estimated diminution of the home production of France and Germany, 295,000,000 pounds, that is, 45 per cent., while ours increased only by 12,000,000 pounds, or 3| per cent. * * * This is illustrated by the extraordinary fact that whilst the value of our exports of worsted and woolen manufactures in the five years from 1880 to 1884 exhibited, as compared with the five years from 1865 to 1869, a decrease of 43.1 per cent., the value of our imports, comparing with the same period, showed an increase of no less than 214.9 per cent. This fact confirms the evidence given before us by witnesses connected with the various industries that in the case of countries like Germany, possessing in ample measure the population and other resources required for successful manufacturing enterprise, the adoption of a system of import duties on manufactures and even on primary articles of food, has not disqualified them from successful and growing com- petition with us in the home and colonial as well as in the neutral markets. UNITED KINGDOM. The woolen and worsted industries. [From "Deutsches Handels-Archiv," March, 1887.] Establish- merits. Spindles. Doubling spindles. Power looms. Employes. Woolen industries : 1885 . ... 1 918 3 054 144 230 941 57 990 -ion qio 1874 1 800 3 165 569 158 312 57 090 134 605 1868 1 658 4 190 670 167 248 46 204 i-iQ i-.nt 1862 1 679 2 182 609 21 770 86 98'} 1856 1 505 1 786 972 14* 453 Worsted industries : 1885 725 2 227 192 536 329 79 931 138 230 1874 692 2 18* 792 399 658 81* 747 149 OQ7 1868 703 2 193 210 348 363 71 666 131 896 1862 532 1 289 172 43 048 1856 525 1, 324, 549 38 956 87 794 Shoddy, mungo, &o. : 1885 108 93 766 2 222 1 981 4 709 1874 125 101 134 946 1 437 3 431 FRANCE. Stale of the wool manufacturing industry December 1, 1875. Articles. Number of factories. Number of persons, employed. Wool and hair spinning and tissue making : Carded yarns and vicuna spinning 1 037 4 196 Worsted yarn spinning 2 350 28 772 Shoddy spinning . .. ... 129 4 776 Woolen tissue making 20, 677 65, 138 Dyeing, printing &c ...... 2 602 12 007 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. State of textile induslr'us Jane 5, 1882. 207 Articles. Number of factories. Number of persons employed. "Wool and hair spinning and tis sue making: 1,354 5,859 105 179 28, 201 2, 678 5,798 47, 347 6, 158 8,354 108, 007 20, 611 Wool dyeing, printing, and dressing^ .... There appear to have been other industries, such as weaving, knitting, crocheting, embroidering, and tissue making (stuffs not distinguished), which may largely include manufactures of wool, but the proportion thereof cannot be determined from the meager information accessible. Progress of the wool industry of France. [From the "Annuaire de Statistique de la France."! Years. Factories. Persona employed. Spindles. Looms. Quantity of raw wool im- ported and entered for home consumption. Machine. Hand. 1872 2, 899, 894 2, 898, 929 2, 955, 139 2, 969, 522 2, 946, 632 3, 007, 351 2, 995, 406 3, 022, 777 3, 037, 837 3, 067, 459 3, 063, 961 Pound*. 237, 727, 848 265,681,180 258, 640, 012 282,134,040 271,484,312 295, 853, 940 317, 596. 4(;0 295, 807, 656 332,951,668 304, 883, 728 310, 726, 532 1873 23, 725 27, 557 30, 114 38, 267 28, 188 30, 139 35, 274 41, 044 41, 466 44, 516 1874 1875 2,270 2,099 2,198 2, 306 2,200 f,926 1,915 1,915 05, 779 110,954 108, 049 105, 839 108, 086 110, 904 111, 523 113, 220 56, 895 62, 230 54, 434 41, 603 42, SJ34 37, 632 37, 140 37, 127 1876 1877 . ... 1878 1879 . 1880 1881 . 1882 GERMANY. Factories employing power and the kind of power used. [From the "Statistik des Deutschen Reichs," nene Folge, Bande 6 und 7, Berlin, 1886.] Industries. Establish- ments. Employes. Machines moved by- Boilers. Other local power. Wind. Water. Steam. Gas or hot air; Wool cleaning 150 1, 182 135 1,209 1, 155 4,261 42, 294 8,243 64, 708 17, 950 2 3 ""2" 42 504 62 276 293 128 846 99 1, 059 796 2 17 7 4 1 12 126 1 11 Yarns Weaving 8 10 4 la Dyeing, printing, &c Total 3,831 137,456 7 1,177 2,928 37 1 150 29 208 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. Ownership, number, and employes of the tvoolen manufactures in 1883. [From the "Statistik des Deutschen Keichs," neue Folge, Bande 6 und 7, Berlin, 1880.J Ownership. Wool cleaning. Tarns. Shoddy, mun- go, &c. Weaving. Dyeing, print- ing, &c. Establishments. Employ6s. Establishments. Employee. Establishments. Employes. Establishments. Einploy6s. Establishments. Employes. Individuals 173 72 8 1 2 1,489 2,330 1,159 2 49 927 443 45 3 4 13, 980 19, 093 10, 402 (51 52 89 48 4 3, 571 4,165 586 7,199 758 19 44, 588 43, 266 1,880 1, 149 40:! 38 1 1 9, 602 9, 7'29 470 1(5 15 Associates Corporations State or national 5 228 Total 8, 322 256 5,029 1,422 43, 588 141 7,981 89, 962 1, 651 19, 838 \VOOLEN MANUFACTURES IN RUSSIA. [From report of the French consul at Warsaw in "Bulletin ConsulaireFra^ais," July, 1887, p. 30.] The following information in regard to manufactures of wool in Russia is derived from official data published by the Department of Commerce and Manufactures of Russia, from which it appears that the value of manufactures of wool in Russia were, in 1885, 104,498,000 rubles, and in 1886, 115,075,000 rubles. Of the 68 wool-spinning mills, employing 4,789 workmen and pro- ducing goods to the value of 5,173,000 rubles, 32 mills, with 3,637 operatives and a production of 3,638,000 rubles, are located in the province of Moscow. The St. Petersburg district occupies the second rank, with a production of 805,000 rubles of thread and 700 operatives, distributed in 7 factories. The production of other provinces is of no importance. The carpet weavers are concentrated exclusively in the Moscow province. Of the 9 factories, with 323 looms, employing 802 operatives, with an annual product of 550,000 rubles, the old capital contains 7 run by steam, the product of which exceeds half a million rubles. In the manufacture of felt of little consequence elsewhere the district of Nijni-Kovogorod holds the first place, with 10 factories, cm- ploying 315 operatives, and with a product of 195,000 rubles. Besides these, there are 3 factories, with a production of 36,000 rubles, belong- ing to the province of Tver, 2 with a product of 25,000 in that of St. Petersburg, 2 with a product of 18,000 in Livonia, and several insigni- ficant factories in the provinces of Moscow, Kazan, Kalooga, Yaraslaw, Kharkow, Pskow, and in Courland. In the production of cloths the Moscow province holds the first rank. Of the 390 factories, employing 48,000 hands, with a production of 40,769,000 rubles (25,916,000 arsheens* of cloth), in European Russia, the Moscowvite province contains 48 factories, with 18,880 hands and a * 1 arsheen=28 inches. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 209 production of 18,407,000 rubles. The province of Grodno holds the second place, with 162 factories, employing 6,200 hands, and with an annual product of 5,884,000 rubles. Then come the provinces of St. Petersburg with a production of 3,789,000 rubles (5 factories and 2,226 hands), Tchernigow with 2,130,000 rubles (12 factories and 2,452 hands), Penza with 1,364,000 rubles (4 factories and 1,600 hands), Tainbow with 1,246,000 rubles (8 factories and 2,705 hands), Esthonia with 750,000 rubles (1 factory and 557 hands), the province of Saratow with 594,000 rubles (6 factories, 898 hands), Perm with 553,000 rubles (3 factories and 1,202 hands), and Podoliawith a production of 366,000 rubles (42 factories, 259 hands). Other manufactories of cloth^of some importance are found in the province of Koursk (1 lactory, 500 hands, with a product of 171,000 rubles), Yaraslaw (1 factory with a produc- tion of 180,000 rubles, 176 hands), Samara (2 factories with a product of 211,000 rubles, 455 hands), in Volhynia (37 factories with a product of 192,000 rubles), and in the province of Kiew (16 factories with a product of 175,000 rubles). Beside these manufactures, there are in European Russia 190 factories of light goods of pure wool and of wool mixed with cotton or silk. These factories run 14,500 looms, employing 19,000 hands, their product amounting to 21,125,000 rubles; 169 of these establishments, with 13,882 looms and a product of 20,500,000 of rubles, are found in the province of Moscow. Yarns are produced in 67 factories with a force of 1,500 oper- atives and a product of 1,051,000 rubles. Here again the province of Moscow occupies the first place, with 39 factories, 1,043 hands, and a product of 701,000 rubles. The St. Petersburg province follows with 14 factories and a product of 195,000 rubles. Other factories are scat- tered through the provinces of Livonia (4 establishments with a product of 78,000 rubles), Grodno (4 establishments with a product of 49,000 rubles), Tchernigow (2 factories, product 14,000 rubles), and Novogo- rod (1 factory, product 10,000 rubles). The wadding factories number 53 and their product amounts to about 160,000 poods, worth 854,000 rubles. This manufacture centers prin- cipally in the province of Riazan 17 establishments with 285 hands. Beside these there are 3 in St. Petersburg (with a product of 190,000 rubles), 6 in the province of Moscow (product 69,000 rubles), 5 in As- trakhan (50,000 rubles), 7 in Catherinoslow (52,000 rubles), 1, producing 37,000 rubles, in the province of Perm, and various small factories in the provinces of Kazan, Saratow, Tver, and Kherson. Gimps, braids, &c., occupy but an insignificant place in the national production. The number of factories is 53, employing 1,900 hands, with an annual pro- duction of 1,797,000 roubles. The principal places of their operation are St. Petersburg and Moscow. Ninety-three small, scattered facto- ries have not been included in the preceding figures, which, in various' localities, reach a product of about 1,000 rubles each annually. 5402 WOOL 14 210 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. REC APITUL ATION. Designation. Establish- ments. Employed. Product. Looms. 68 4 789 5, 173 000 Factories : Carpet 9 802 550 000 323 Felt 41 637 310 000 Light goods 190 19 072 21 125 000 14 500 Cloth . . 390 48 003 40 769 000 Tarn 67 1 487 1 052 000 Wadding . 53 648 854 000 No. 65. STATEMENT SHOWING THE PRESENT TARIFF RATES OF FOREIGN COUN- TRIES ON IMPORTATIONS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OP WOOL. [Compiled from the United States Consular Reports.] Countries. Rates of duty. EUROPE. Austria-Hungary : Wool, raw, washed, combed, colored, bleached, milled, and as refuse. Manufactures of wool : Wool and hair tablets, hat-felts and hat-wadding Woolen yarns (of wool or animal hair) and vicuna yarns : a. Raw NOTE. Weft yarn, raw, or entry by way of custom-houses specially designated : &. Bleached, colored, printed, three or more twisted threads.. Woolen goods (of wool or animal hair) : Shaggy cloths, Halina cloths, pressed cloths, sieve-bottoms, ropes, cables made of horse hair, trellis and tied nets, both uncolored, hat clipping, cloth cuttings Carpets : a. Of dog's, calf s or cow's hair ; also with slight mixture of wool 6. Other, also printed Girths Woolen-woven goods not specially named : a. Weighing over 500 grams per square meter. . b. WeighingSOO grams and less per square meter NOTE. Entirely woven with cotton warp, of one color, not figured, dressed like cloth, weighing more than 300 grams per square meter Velvets and velvet-like fabrics (cut or uncut), fringes, buttons, rib- bons, and knit goods (except; those under carpets, other) Light woolen and woven goods Shawls and shawl-like textures, laces (lace shawls), embroidered woven goods, goods with metallic threads Felt and felt goods (except carpets) : a. Coarse felts of animal hair; also cut out, tarred, or var- nished b. Felt, other, and felt goods, both not printed c. Printed : Belgium: Wool, raw , Manufactures of wool: Shawls and scarfs of India cashmere All others, including mixed tissues, where wool predominates in weight (On the last named the importer has the option to pay 200 francs, or $50.18, per 100 kilograms.) Denmark: Wool, raw Manufactures of Coarse Others Printed Printed, fine Woolen yarn ; Fancy, colored Uncolored Colored Per 100 kilograms. Free. $334 2 97 56 4 45 4 45 4 45 14 84 14 84 18 55 29 68 18 55 29 68 37 10 55 65 4 45 14 84 29 68 Free. 5 per cent, ad valorem. 10 per cent, ad valorem. Per hundred-weight. Free. $3 40 6 80 18 13 26 80 13 60 1 70 4 5a WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 211 No. 65. STATEMENT SHOWING THE PRESENT TARIFF RATES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON IMPORTATIONS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL Continued. Countries. Conventional tariff. General tariff. EUROPE continued. France : Wool, raw, of all kinds: Per 100 kttogramg. $4 83 4 83 1 93 2 90 3 86 4 83 6 76 8 69 10 62 12 55 14 48 16 41 18 34 19 30 Same duty as yarn, single thread, bleached or un- bleached combed Per 100 JbiZo*. Fr*e. Free. $5 9& 5 98 5 98 5 98 8 30 10 81 13 12 15 63 17 95 20 27 22 77 23 93 !3 57 5 40 7 14 8 88 10 81 11 97 14 28 16 79 19 11 21 62 23 93 26 25 28 76 24 92 {9 65 11 39 13 12 14 86 16 79 7 72 10 81 13 90 16 98 20 07 23 16 2625 29 34 31 07 {540 7 14 88S 10 81 12 55 13 70 16 79 19 11 21 62 23 93 26 63 29 34 32 04 33 *8 Dyed Manufactures of wool : ") "Woolen yarn, pure : Single thread, bleached or unbleached, combed, measuring to the kilogram : 10 000 meters or Jess . . ... More than 10 000 meters to 15,000 !.. 15 QUO meters to 20 000 20.000 meters to 30,500 30. 500 m eters to 40, 500 40.500 meters to 50,500 ."0 :')(io meters to 60 500 60.500 meters to 70,500 70.500 meters to 80.500 80.500 mot ers to 90500 90 500 meters to 100 500 100,500 meters Single thread, blenched or unbleached, carded, measuring to the kilogram : 10 000 meters or less "j More than 10,000 meters to 15,000 .. 15 000 meters to 20 QUO > 20,OUO meters to 30,5)0 1 30,500 meters J 9 65 11 58 13 51 35 44 17 37 19 30 21 23 23 16 24 13 Same duty aa yarn, single thread, colored, combed. 6 28 8 79 11 29 . 13 80 16 31 18 82 21 33 23 84 25 09 Same duty as woolen yarn, pure, twisted, bleached or unbleached, combed. 11 10 13 61 16 12 18 63 21 14 23 65 26 16 28 66 an m Single thread, colored, combed, measuring to the kilogram : More than 30 500 meters to 40 500 40.500 meters to 50,500 ... . 50,500 meters to 60,500 60,500 meters to 70 500 ... 70,500 meters to 80.500 SO.. "00 meters to 99^500 90, 500 meters to 100, 500 100,500 meters Single thread, colored, carded, measuring to the kilogram : 10 000 meters or less .... 1 More than 10,000 meters to 15,000 15,000 meters to 20.000 > 20,000 meters to 30,500 30 500 meters J "Woolen yarn, pure, for weaving : Twisted, bleached or unbleached, combed, measuring in the kilogram, and in single thread : 30,500 meters or less More than 30,500 meters to 40 500 40. 500 meters to 50500 50 500 meters to 60 500 60. 500 meters to 70,500 70 500 meters to 80 500 80, 500 meters to 90, 500 90,500 meters to 100 500 100. 500 meters Twisted, bleached or unbleached, carded, measuring in the kilogram and in single thread 10 000 meters or less ") More than 10,000 meters to 15 000 I 15.000 meters to 20.000 > 20.000 meters to 30 500 30 500 meters ) Twisted, colored, combed, measuring in the kilogram and in single thread 30,500 meters or less 30 500 meters to 40 500 More than 40.500 meters to 50 500 50.500 meters to 60 500 GO 500 meters to 70 500 70. 500 meters to 80, 500 80 500 meters to P<> 500 90.500 meters to 100 500 100.500 meters ... 212 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 65. STATEMENT SHOWING THE PRESENT TARIFF RATES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON IMPORTATIONS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL Continued. Countries, Conventional tariff. General tariff. E UUOPE continued. France Continued. Manufactures of wool : Woolen yarn, pure, for weaving : Twisted, colored, carded, measuring in the kilogram and in the single thread 10,000 meters or less 1 More than 10,000 meters to 15,000 15,000 meters to 20,OQO } 20, 000 meters to 30, 500 30,500 meters J "Woolen yarn, pure, for tapestry work : Twisted, combed, bleached or unbleached, measuring in the kilogram and in single thread 30,500 meters or less More than 30,500 meters to 40,500 , 40, 500 meters to 50, 500 50, 500 meters to CO, 500 60,500 meters to 70,500 70,500 meters to 80,500 80, 500 meters to 90, 500 , 90, 500 meters to 100, 500 100,500 meters Twisted, combed, colored, measuring in the kilogram and in single thread 30, 500 meters or less More than 30,500 meters to 40,500 40, 500 meters to 50, 500 50,500 meters to 60, 500 60, 500 meters to 70, 500 70,500 meters to 80,500 80,500 meters to 90,500 , 90,500 meters to 100,500 100,500 meters Yarn, alpaca, llama, vicuna, or camel's hair, pure or mixed with wool, whatever shall be the proportion of mixture, or mixed with other filaments, wool of alpaca, &c., predominating in weight. Yarns (mohair) made from the hair of goat, pure or mixed, the hair of the goat predominating in weight. Yarn of other hair Tissues of pure wool : "Woolen cloth, cassimeres, and other tissues fulled, and tissues sheared, not fulled : Stuffs for upholstery, weighing more than 400 grams to the meter, square. Moire. Other stuffs : Weighing 400 grams or more to the meter, square. Weighing 401 to 550 grams, inclusive Weighing more than 550 grams Carpets, Axminster : Looped, uncut Velvet, finished Carpets : Persian -. Jacquard, chenille, and others Hosiery, pure wool and mixed wool : Gloves and garments, not fitted Other, cut aud seamless Other, fitted and finished Trimmings, ribbons Tapestry Shawls, broch6 or fancy figured, other than India cashmere. Laces Velvets of wool for upholstery Bolting cloth, seamless Blankets List slippers List of cloth Tissues of wool, mixed : Woolen cloth, cassimeres, and other tissues, fulled, warp cotton, tissues sheared, not fulled, the wool predominating. Per 100 kilograms. Same duty as woolen yarn, pure twisted, colored, combed. $9 65 13 51 17 37 21 23 25 09 28 95 32 81 36 67 14 48 18 34 22 20 26 06 29 92 33 78 37 66 41 52 43 45 Same duty as woolen yarn, pure. Free. 10 per cent, ad valorem ...do.. Per 100 kilos. !$11 39 13 12 14 86 16 79 18 53 .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do .do Free. 10 per cent, ad valorem Free. (9.65 to 40.72 I according to { the weight I to the meter I square. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 213 No. 65. STATEMENT SHOWING THE PRESENT TARIFF RATES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON IMPORTATIONS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL Continued. Countries. Conventional tariff. General tariff. EUROPE continued . France Con tinned . Manufacture of wool : Tissues wool warp, being silk waste, wool pre- dominating. . Carpets: "Wool mixed with cotton Wool mixed with other materials Other tissues, the wool predominating in weight. Tissues, alpaca, llama, vicuna, sheep, yak, or of camel's hair, pure or mixed with other filaments, the wool of the al- paca, llama, vicuna, yak, or camel's hair predominating in weight. Tissues of goat's hair, pure or mixed, the goat's hair predominating in weight : Cashmere shawls, long, made by hand Cashmere shawls, square, made by hand Scarfs, trimmings, fringes, &c., made by hand. Plain tissues, made by hand Other tissues of hair, pure or mixed, with other filaments, the hair predominating in weight. Per 100 kilograms. 10 per cent, ad valorem .do .do .do Same duty as tissues of pure wool. 5.20 per cent, ad valorem. do ...do... do ..., Prohibited Per 100 kilos. $57 32 } Same duty as > tissues or ) pure wool. Same duty as tissues of pure wool. 5 79 3 86 193 00 193 00 7 14 Germany : Per 100 kilos. "Wool, raw Free. Combed $0 47 Manufactures, also mixed with cotton, linen, or metallic threads 1. Cloth selvedge Free. 2. Coarse felts, not printed, not dyed 71 3. Good rugs, containing beads of cattle hair 5 71 5. Not printed felts ; not belonging under No. 2 ; not printed felt goods and hosiery; good rugs, &c 23 8C 5. TJnprinted cloths and stuffs, not included under Nos. 7 and 8 If weighing more than 200 grams to the square meter of woven surface ... 32 13 If weighing less than 200 grams 52 36 6. Printed articles, as faras they donot belougto foot-rugs, weighingmorethan 200 grams to the square meter of woven surface ; also, trimmings and buttomnakers' ware, plushes, weaving combined with metallic threads 35 70 Printed articles, not foot rugs, weighing 200 grams, or less than 200 grams, to the square meter of woven surface 52 36 7. Laces, tulles, or embroidered woven shawls, with three or more colors 71 40 8. Woven shawls, with five or more colors 10710 Greece (a municipal tax of 2 per cent, is to be added to the duties in this schedule) : Per oke.* Wool, raw Free. Manufactures of wool : Woolen yarn, unbleached, and felt for men's hats Free. Yarn, bleached or dyed 1 04 Coarse cloth, serge, belts, blankets .' 10 Carpets : Kugs, printed felt Hugs, woven or dyed 58 Persian or Georgian 1 16 For hangings 193 Flannels in colors : Coarsely woven stockings, shawls, haversacks, sailors' caps, bedcovers, &c. Finely woven 97J Trimmings, fringes, traveling rugs 1 16 Shawls, cashmere or merino 2 32 Tissues, to weight of 100 grams per square millimeter 2 32 200 grams per square millimeter 1 54 350 grams per square millimeter 96 Above 350 grams per square millimeter 58 Part cotton up to 200' grama pur square millimeter Above 200 grams per square millimeter 19^ Clothing for men and boys: Light, for summer j Heavy, for winter 87 Part cotton 48 For women and girls 2 90 Felt hats for women 19& " Oke 43. 3 ounces avoirdupois ; roughly, 2| Ibs. Rate of duty. 214 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 65. STATEMENT SHOWING THE PRESENT TARIFF RATES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON IMPORTATIONS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL Continued. Countries. Rate of duty. EUEOPE continued. Italy : Per 100 kilos Wool, natural, washed, carded, dyed, waste wool, and refuse wool Free. Manufactures of wool : Woolen yarn- Untwisted, bleached or unbleached $9 66 Untwisted and dyed 14 47 Twisted, bleached or unbleached., 11 58 Twisted and dyed 17 37 Woolen textures (in textures composed in part of wool the duty is levied on that material which dominates inVv eight; if, however, the threads of the warp are of cotton, the duty is smaller) Carded 27 02 Carded, with warps entirely of cotton yarn 18 10J Combed i.. 32 81 Combed, with warps composed entirely of cotton yarn 25 09 Embroidered 77 20 Felt For hats 3 47 Tarred, pressed for soles, &c 1 35 t For clothing 11 58 Woolen knitted goods and braids 38 60 Ribbons and galloons 42 46 Buttons 42 46 Laces and tulles 57 90 Covers made of waste strips of woolen cloth. 11 58 Carpets made of waste strips of woolen cloth . .. . . n 58 Carpets 21 23 Sewed woolen goods of different materials are classed and taxed according to the predominating material. The Netherlands : Wool, raw - Free. Manufactures of wool : Blankets i 5 p. c. ad val Flannels Do. Knitted or woven cloths | Do. All others, not stipulated i Do. Cloth, doeskins Dp. Norway : Perk ilogra m Wool, raw Free. Manufactures of wool : Woolen yarn a. Not dyed' 03f &. Dyed ; also yarn of all descriptions, combined with metal threads t Felts for machines', felts for paper machines, cloth lists \ Free. Other felts - Carpets, and material for carpets, bsd quilts, saddle girths, and woven girths t- - Hats and caps of all kinds of felt, or of woolen materials, &c 10 Knit goods, knitted, crocheted, netted, or woven : a. Stockings, undershirts, gloves, coarse 07 &. Other, including woolen scarfs of all kinds || NOTE. Stockings are reckoned as coarse when they have a length of 60 centimeters trom the heel and weigh 160 grams or more per pair, and other lengths in the same proportion. Gloves are reckoned coarse when they have not more than one or two fingers. Shifts are con- sidered coarse when each one with a length of 60 centimeters or more weighs 300 grams, and other lengths in the same proportion. Ribbons and textile goods interwoven with india-rubber, gutta-percha, and the like, and belts thereof Blonde, bobbinet, lace, and gauze 67 Other open or clear goods, if either embroidered or woven in patterns, figures, stripes, or squares (embroidery on canvas excepted) j 47 J s NOTE. G-ouds shall be dutiable as open or clear, if intervals of a minimum thickness of one thread can be distinguished between tbe single threads outside the embroidery, or the interwoven close figures, stripes, &c., or, if this be impossible, when a piece of one-half me- ter square only 20 grams or less. Other woolen goods : a. Embroidered with silk or thread of metal b. Otherwise^ 21 T * NOTE Woolen goods in combination with silk, or in combination with hair (provided ttey are not rated under " silk" or " hair "), or other spinning materials, shall be rated as woolen goods. Portugal : Wool, raw *ree Dyed 02* * In bond, 450 kilograms. + in Uoau, 300 kilograms. t In bond, 200 kilograms. In bond, 225 kilograms. || In bond, 70 kilograms. If In bond, 75 kilograms. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 215 No. 65. STATEMENT SHOWING THE PRESENT TARIFF RATES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON IMPORTATIONS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL Continued:. Countries. Conventional tariff. General tariff. EUROPE continued. Eoumania : Wool, raw : Of all kinds, unwashed Of all kinds, not carded or combed , Of all kinds, carded or combed, natural or dyed "Woolen yarns of all kinds Manufactures of wool : Woolen tissues Ordinary, viz, rough blankets with long hairs, rough cloth, woolen carpets in the piece or by the meter (Stuffs of wool or of cottou mixed with any other pro- duct than silk pay the duty of woolen or cotton tissues, according to whether the predominant material is wool or cotton. Ordinary stuffs called "cziak " are also included in this category .) Cloths and other analogous tissues, not printed, flannel of all kinds, white or colored, Turkish caps or % 'fez," and "moultous" (All the fashionable stuffs for men's clothing, such as are manufactured at Briinn and Keichenberg, are in- cluded under " tissues analogous to cloths''.) All other woolen tissues not included in the above articles, excepting shawls and laces ; also all woolen hos- ier's and haberdasher's goods (Are included also in this category the woolen stuffs called Thibets, merino lastiugs, Scotch cashmere, Orleans, barege, lastings, reps (stuff for furni- ture), mousselines, gros-grains, damask, plush, velvet, &c.) "Woolen hosiery articles of all kinds, even trimmed with other tissues Knitted and worked shawls (imitation of Indian and Turkish shawls) - Indian and Turkish shawls. . . "Woolen lace Felt of all kinds; also the following felt articles : Soles, boots and shoes (even with leather soles), with or with- out soles, and felt hats for soldiers and peasants (including Kroustadt caps, made of sheep's wool) . Felt objects other than those mentioned in the preceding ar- ticle, including felt hats, mounted but not trimmed. Per 100 kilos. $1 93 3 86 9 65 13 51 5 79 11 19 17 37 28 95 30 88 5 per cent, ad valorem. 7 per cent, ad valorem. 3 86 33 78 Per 100 kilos.' $2 22 4 44 11 10 15 54 6 66 12 87 33 29 35 51 5. 75 per cent. ad valorem. 8. 05 per cent. ad valorem. 5 55 38 84 Rate of duty. Rustia: Wool and down- Haw, washed, and not washed, not dyed ; also flock wool and cloth shearings. . Wool, not spun, of every kind, dyed ; also artificial wool (shoddy mungo), cloth rags, and wool waste dyed Wool, worked into strips : a. Not dyed 6. Dyed ."I"."""".""".". Wool yarn, pure or mixed with cotton, flax or hemp : a. Not dyed b. Dyed Manufactures of wool : Sec. 201. Woolen blankets and horse cloths Sec. 202. Woolen stuffs of combed wool or goat's hair, plain, woven of vari- ous colors and embroidered, with or without admixture of cotton . Note to sections 202 and 203. (1) Unmilled stuffs of combed wool or goat's hair having a woof or warp of silk or silk waste, pay as silk goods ; but if the admixture of silk consists only of patterns or stripes woven in or embroidered, such goods pay 20 per cent, in ad- dition to the duty in sections 202 and 203. '(2) Handkerchiefs, scarfs, counterpanes, plaids, &c., of unniilled textures of combed wool or goat's hair, except those specially mentioned in section 205, pay th same duty as the material of which they are made. Sec. 203. The same printed, with 30 per cent, additional. Sec. 204. Bunting, white woolen stuffs for miller's seives, and sashes of wool of every kind, without admixture of silk Per pood. * $0 60 1 20 1 80 2 70 4 51 5 41 Per pound. 26 54 *1 pood = 36.11 pounds. 216 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No .65. STATEMENT SHOWING THE PRESENT TARIFF RATES OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES ON IMPORTATIONS OF WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL Continued. Countries. Rate of duty. EUROPE continued. Russia Continued. Wool and down Continued. Manufactures of wool -Continued. Sec. 205. Shawls, handkerchiefs, sashes, and scarfs, Turkish or cashmere, also French terno and half-teruo, as well as detached borders, edges, and other similar stuffs of pure wool, or mixed with cotton, silk, or bonrre de soie ................................................... Sec. 206. Uumilled woolen stuffs for use in manufactories, bags for oil-press- ings, for sugar-bakers, &c. ; cloths of peculiar make for factories, cloi h list and all kinds of felt, not dyed, dyed and printed ......... , Sec. 209. Woolen galloon or braid, plaited and knitted goods of every kind (hosiery), gloves, stockings, tapes, and ribbons of pure wool or h Per pood. mixed with hemp, flax, or cotton, except buttons and lace Sec. 208. Fezes or Turkish caps of wool, embroidered or not with spangles. . Dresses of cloth or woolen stuffs Sec. 207. Woolen carpets of every kind Serma : Wool tissues Rough blankets (for horses and for beds), ordinary carpets of goats' and other animals' hair, and rough wool (even cut into soles, &c., as well as tarred and varnished), cloth list '. Hough cloths, such as cloth called halina coarse cloth (Loden), aba, chaiak, azur.. (Tare in percentage of the gross weights : 16 in cases or barrels, 8 in baskets, 5 in bales or sacks.) Tissues, even mixed with a small quantity of silk, or with metallic threads, viz : Cloths and tissues analogous to cloths for men's clothes and other strong- garments, flannels, wadraoll, long-piled cloths, teaseled, for linings, fine felt, and tine felt articles 1 (Tare percentage of the cross weight: 18 in cases or barrels, 10 in bas- kets, 5 in bales or sacks.) REMARK. Under "tissues analogous to cloths" are included also all the fashion stuffs for men's clothing, such as are manufactured at Briiun and Reicheuberg (Herreusock, Hoseustoffe, Modestoffe, " Nouveautes".) Thin, light stuffs, serving generally for women's garments, ("orloans, cashmere, mohair and the like), stuffs for furniture, table cloths, handker- chiefs, scarfs, shawls, and analogous tissues, with or without fringes- or tassels, shag and woolen velvet (Tare in percentage of gross weights: 18 iu cases or barrels, 10 in baskets, 5 iu bales or sacks.) REMARK. The following stuffs are included under the above: Alpaca, mo- hair, Orleans. Thibet, lustring, cashmere, serge, llama, goat's hair, satin, Italia cloth, merino, damask, rep and stuffs for furniture, and fashionable stuffs for women. Handkerchiefs, shawls, and scarfs may be trimmed with simple embroidery. 67 33 Per dozen. 1 20 Per pound. I 20 21 Per 100 kilos. 3 09 11 19 17 37 Without treaty. With treaty. Spain : Wool common unclean ... .. Per 100 kilos. $5 40 Per 100 kilos. $ 69 NOTE. Wool which, after being washed with sulphate of car- bon, loses more than 10 per cent, of its weight will be considered as unclean wool. 10 81 9 28 Wool, common, unclean, of other classes, and long wool for wor- steds . 2 41 1 47 NOTE. Wool more than 10 centimeters long shall be considered long wool. 4 83 2 93 W^ool, combed or carded and waste from cardin " -. 6 41 6 41 Manufactures of wool : . Spun ("hilados") Per kilo. 36 Per "dlo. 21 Same clean or bleached 50 32 Worsted dyed 58 38 Woven Carpetings of pure wool or mixed with other materials beltings mixed with other materials Per 100 kilos. 26 do 14, 747, 103 1, 242, 009 10 11 1827 do . . 28, 552, 742 562 592 9 10* 1828 do 28. 628, 121 1, 607, 938 8 1 18~'9 do ... . 19 639 6 l) 9 1 877 020 6 9 1830 ..do 30, 303, 173 2, 002, 141 10 10J 1831 do ... . 29 110 073 2 541 956 1 i lOi 1832 do 25, 681, 298 2,461,191 l oj 1833 do 34, 461, 527 3, 614, 886 5 10& 1834 do 42, 684, 932 3 770,300 7 do 37 472 032 4 702 500 6 1 6 1836 do 57,8)4 771 6,425 206 8 1 8* 1837 .. do 38, 945, 575 9, 434, 133 3 1 3 1838 do 42 430 102 10 164 253 4 1 5 1839 do 44,504,811 12,875,112 4 1 5i 1840 do 36 498 168 12 938 116 3 1 2i 1841 do 39, 672, 153 16, 498, 821 11 1842 do 27 394 920 18 486 719 Hi 10 1843 do 26 633, 913 21, 151, 148 o iii 11 1844 42 473 228 22 606 296 1 2 1 2 1845 . ..do 44, 970, 793 31, 843, 762 1 4 1 3 2sTo. 67. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITY OF RAW WOOL PRODUCED IN EACH OP THE PRINCIPAL AND ALL OTHER WOOL-PRODUCING COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD. [From the TTebersichten der Wolt-JVirthschaft, by Dr. F. X. von Neumann-Spallart, Stuttgart, 1887.] Countries of production. Quantities produced. Europe : Russia (1884) Pounds. 262, 966, 000 135, 936, 000 80, 138, 000 66. 138, 000 54, 894, 000 43, 146, 000 21, 385, 000 11,155.000 10, 362, 000 4, 409, 000 3, 307, 000 8,818,000 Great Britain and Ireland * (1885) France (1882) Spam t (1878) . .. Germany 1(1 881) Hungary (18o5) . Italy (1874) Austria (1883) . Portugal (?) Belgium ( ? ) Sweden (1884) '. All other Europe . Total Europe . . . 702. 654, 000 * Estimate by the " Bradford Observer." t An estimate of 3.9 pounds of wool per head of 17,000,000 sheep. J Estimated fiom the export accounts. Estimate of 3.9 pounds of wool per head on the whole number of sheep in Hungary, Croatia, and Slavonia. 5402 WOOL 15 226 WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. No. 67. STATEMENT SHOWING THE QUANTITIES OP RAW WOOL PRODUCED IN EACH OF THE PRINCIPAL AND ALL OTHER WOOL-PRODUCING COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD Continued. Countries of production. North America : United States (1834) British North American Provinces (1884) South America : Argentine Republic (exports 1885) Uruguay (exports 18d4) Asia and Australasia: Australasia * (exports 1885-'86) British East Indies (exports 1885-'86) Turkey, Asiatic and Persia (estimated) . . Africa ; Cape Colony (exports 1885) Natal (exports 1885) All other countries t Total production J Quantities produced. Pounds. 307, 588, 000 4, 409, 000 283, 047, 000 59, 084, 000 455, 470, COO 23, 126, 000 13, 228, 000 29, 299, 000 17, 306. 000 88, 185, 000 1, 983, 396, 000 * From the estimates of " The Export," 1886. t Estimate, by Jacoms, Son & Co. Includes wools from Brazil, Chili, Algiers, Egypt, Tunis, &c. I Only a lew countries have attempted to collect statistics of the actual production of raw (un- washed) wool. The usual method of arriving at the annual production is a valuation based on the average yield of wool per head of the whole number of sheep in the country. This table must therefore only be regarded as a "general view" and does not claim to be accurate as to the several amounts of wool produced. No. 68. STATEMENT SHOWING THE NUMBER OF SHEEP AND LAMBS OF THE VARIOUS COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD AT THE DATES NAMED. [From Report of the Department of Agriculture No. 37, January and February, 1887.] Countries. Tears. Sheep and lambs. Goats. North America : United States 1887 44 759 314 Canada: Ontario and Quebec 1881 9 249 Oil Nova Scotia 1881 377 801 New Brunswick 1881 221 163 Manitoba . 1881 6 073 Prince Edward Island .............. .. . 1881 166* 496 British Colutnbia 1881 27* 788 The Territories 1881 3415 Total . 1881 3 048 678 Ontario 1886 1 610 949 Man itoba . . 1885 10 337 Newfoundland 1875 28 766 Jamaica ..... 1885 13 390 Guadaloupe . ... 1880 13 690 14 709 1884 417 577 South America: Argentine Republic . .. 1883 3 000 000 Do 1885 75 000 000 Falkland Islands 1885 516 975 Uruguay... 1884 15 921 069 5 656 Venezuela 1883 *3 490 563 (*) Europe : Austria-Hungary : Austria ...... 1880 3 8tl 340 1 006 675 Hungary! 1880 9 838 133 333 233 Do 1884 10 594 831 970 192 Belgium 1880 365 400 248 755 Denmark 1881 1 548 613 9 331 France 1885 22 616 ")47 1 483 342 Germany ... 1883 19 189 715 9 639 994 Great Britain and Ireland 1886 og' 955' 940 Great Britain 1886 25 520 718 Ireland 1886 3 367 72 Isle of Man, &c . . . 1886 66, 00 * Goats are included with sheep. t In the figures for 1880, Croatia, and Slavouia are included with Hungary. WOOL AND MANUFACTURES OF WOOL. 227 No. 68. STATEMENT SHOWING THE NUMBER OF SHEEP AND LAMBS OF THE VARIOUS COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD AT THE DATES NAMED Continued. Countries. Europe Continued. Greece 1 1877 Italy -v- 1881 Netherlands 1884 Portugal 1870 Roumauia 1884 Russia in Europe 2 1882 Servia 1882 Spain 1878 Sweden and Norway : Sweden 1884 Norway '... 1875 Switzerland 1886 Turkey in Europe : 3 Eastern Roumelia Asia: Russia:* Caucasia Transcaucasia 6 (*) India: 7 Madras 1877-78 Bombay and Sind 1877-78 Punjab 1877-78 Central Provinces 1877-78 British Burmah 1877-78 Mysore 1877-78 Berar 1877-78 Ceylon 1884 Africa: Algeria 1880 Do 1884 Cape of Good Hope 9 1875 Natal 1885 Mauritius 10 1884 Orange Free State 1881 Australasia : Australia: New South Wales Victoria 18s5 South Australia 1884 "Western Australia j 1885 Queensland | 1885 New Zealand 1885 Tasmania 1885 Years. Fiji Islands Oceania: Tahiti and Moorea . . 1884 1883 Sheep and lambs. 2, 921, 917 8, 596, 108 752, 949 2, 977, 454 4, 654. 776 47, 508, 006 3, 620, 750 16, 939, 288 1, 410, 177 1, 686, 306 337, 905 1,858,839 4, 544, 300 5, 067, 500 4, 600, 000 8 3, 300, 000 8 3, 850, 000 8 64 1, 000 8 20, 000 8 1,590, 000 8 386, 000 53, 757 6, 992, 218 6, 056. 683 11, 279, 743 535, 482 8 30, 000 11 5, 056, 30 1 34, 551, 622 10, 664, 598 6, 61*6, 406 1,702,719 8, 994, 322 14, 624, 547 1, 648, 627 5,869 Goats. 3,000 1, 836, 663 2, 016, 307 156, 255 1, 374. 805 725, 700 3, 813, 000 101, 496 322, 861 414, 584 425, 569 1, 227, 000 2, 700, 000 3, 293, 033 3, 618, 392 673, 924 12 11, 429 1,300 1 Thessaly, which has become a part of the Greek Kingdom since 1877, is not included in these fig- ures. The number of live-stock in this province has been estimated to include 2,000,000 oxen, 1,500,000 sheep, and 1,000,000 goats. "Exclusive of Poland. 'There are no returns available for Turkey proper, and none for any of her tributary States except Eastern Roumelia. 1 There are no returns for Asiatic Russia except from Caucasia and a part of Transcaucasia. 'These figures are not of uniform date, but were gathered from 1874 to 1883. 6 These figures embrace statistics from the provinces of Bakou, Tiflis, Elizabethpol, Erivan, and Koutais. 'This statement is exclusive of the Northwest Provinces and Oudhand Bengal, with several minor provinces and all the native States except Mysore. 8 Goats are included with sheep. 9 Including 217,732 cattle, 35,357 horses, 303,080 sheep, and 15,635 swine in Basutoland. 10 Approximate statement. 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