THE GASTLE OF ST. DONAT'S GLAMORGANSHIRE HAF Pnss Shelf Number THE LIBRARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES o F.S.A. 1 j (&-1 THIRTEEN VIEWS OF THE Castle of St. Donat's, GLAMORGANSHIRE, WITfl A NOTICE OF THE STRADLING FAMIL\' / ADXITT Jc N A UN TON, BOOKSELLERS, THE SQUARE. LEWIS & WILLIAMS, BOOKSELLERS. 1871. THE CASTLE OF ST. DONAT'S. .^- ;HE Castle of St. Donat's, the principal features of which the accompanying drawings are intended to represent, is a well-known landmark upon the Coast of Glamorgan, and the only ancient Military building in the county which, having been always inhabited, is preserved without material alteration. Donatus, to whom the Parish Church is dedicated, and who has also given name to the Parish of Welsh St. Donat's, by Cowbridge, is a Saint Httle known to fame, or known only by the reflected reputation won by the Lords of the Castle, of which his Church was in fact the Chapel, and within the sacred precints of which the bones of many of them are laid. St. Donat's, though named after a "Welsh Saint is not, like the adjacent fortress of Dunraven, celebrated in Welsh story. The name does not appear in the Liber Ijandavensis, nor in any of the earlier British traditionary records. Probably its first appearance is as the fief of the intruding family of Le Esterling, or Stradling, whose name points to a Flemish origin, but who are always enumerated among the twelve Norman Paladins between whom Fitzhamon is reputed to have apportioned shares in their common conquest. This opinion, long and generally accepted in Wales, A ooor^oQ does not rest upon documentary evidence, of which indeed there is but little extant, but alone upon the general tradition, which regards Sir William le Esterling as the founder of the family, by his acceptance from Fitzhamon, about 1090, of the Manor of St. Donal's, at the service due from one Knight's fee, held of the Castle of Cardiff. St. Donat's stands in a part of the country unusually bare of military re- mains. Dunraven, the Castle of the Butler's, and the nearest stronghold, crowns the headland of that name, about four miles down the Channel. East Orchard, the castellated house of the Berkerolles family, and afterwards inherited by the Stradlings ; and Castleton, the strong place of the Nerbers's, stand upon or near the Thaw, about sis miles in the opposite direction : while inland about five miles are the ruins of Llanblethian, or St. Quintin's Castle, and those, attached to a modern farmhouse, of Llandough, the Castle of the family of Walsh, and afterwards the property of the Carne's, and from them, by an heiress, of the Mansell's of Margam. St. Donat's stands upon the left or Eastern bank of a deep ravine in the Lias rock, which opens about a furlong lower down upon the sea in a small sheltered cove. Deep below the Castle, but close under its walls is the Parish Church, with its Stradling aisle and tombs, and its churchyard celebrated for its ancient and very graceful cross, the only unmutilated example in a county in which nearly every churchyard, and the intersection of many cross roads, were so provided. The Castle, in its present form a work of the 15 th Century, with additions of the 16th, is protected on two sides by the steep natural bank, and to the North and North East by an artificial dry moat. The South, or seaward 3 front is formed by the wall of some of the main buildings, the angle at the South West being a square structure known as Lady Anne's Tower, at the foot of which the moat, if moat there was, has given place to a terrace, below and be- yond which a series of platforms, occupied by the garden, descend to a small walled paddock, protected by a breast work from the sea rovers and from the sea itself Opposite to the Castle, on the right and higher bank of the ravine, stands the celebrated watch tower, a detached work, from the summit of which could be seen Dunster Castle on the opposite coast, and a wide sweep of the Bristol Channel, a view of great importance to the Stradling's, when the English seas were infested with pirates of many nations, and, as they themselves once found to their cost, possessed of considerable audacity. As there does not exist any history or description or any accurate survey of the Castle, it can only here be stated that it is in plan rather nearer to a square than a circle, about 150 feet in diameter, enclosed towards the ravine by a sort of revetment wall, behind the low parapet of which is a terrace, within which rises the proper wall of the Castle. Where the ditch occurs its scarp is a high embattled wall, its counterscarp a low parapet. The entrance on the North East, or level side, is across a bridge now permanent, through a gateway duly portcullised, into a small court ; connected with this outer gatehouse, on its South side, is a good fire place, and other traces of early English work, the oldest of which any remains have been observed, and which probably indicate the period at which the earliest Castle was built. Traversing the small Court, the way leads through a second gateway, also duly armed, into the main Court of the place, which is wholly surrounded by buildings. On the left is the Hall, with its porch and projecting oriel, and behind it the withdrawing room, kitchen and offices, and at either end a further suite of rooms. The bottom of the Court is occupied by the great dining room and parlour, the latter having a curious wreath of plaster-washed copper, as a part of the decoration of the ceiling. At the South end of the dining room the main staircase leads to the saloon. On the right eide of the Court are other rooms of one line in depth, and also on two floors. Between the hall and the gateway are some buildings, apparently an addition, containing Lady Stradling's apartments. In one of these has very recently been discovered a complete series of wall paintings of the arms, quarterings, and matches of the family. They have been concealed by panelling, and in part by white-wash. Some of the buildings connected with the offices, and Lady Anne's Tower, have been allowed during the past century to fall into decay, but the greater part of the building has always retained its roof Since the acquisition of the Castle by Dr. Carne, who claims to be the next representative of the Stradling's, the Castle has been put into repair, and is now inhabited by that gentleman and his family. SiE William Stradling, the reputed Founder, is said to have come from the shores of the Baltic, and with St. Donat's to have held Rogerston and Tregwilhm in Gwent. Eighth in descent is Sie Petee, who emerges first out of the haze of County Genealogy, and who married, in the reign of Edward I. Julian, sole child of Thomas Hawey, of Comb-Hawey, now Comb- hay, jn Somerset, and Compton Hawey, in Dorsetshire, manors long held by the Stradlings. (Hutchins's Dorset. IV. J^2.) t Sir Petee was father of Sie Edwaed, who did homage in 1314 for Compton to John, Abbot of Sherborne, and in 1328 witnessed, at Merthyr-mawr, a con- cession of that manor by John Syward to Reginald Somerton. He married Elena, daughter and heiress of Sir Gilbert Strongbow, of Caldecot, co. Monmouth, a younger brother to Richard, Earl of Pembroke. She brought two Oxford- shire manors to the family, and had Edward and CSeorge, probably ancestor of the Stradling's of Kenfig. By a concession dated 1341, Wilham de Sancto Donato, Abbot of Neath, in consideration of an acre of land to St. Donat's, and the Advowson of the Church, gave to Sir Edward, Elena his wife, and their issue, a general participation in the spiritual good things of his Abbey, and founded an obit., after their death, annually, for ever. In this deed Sir Edward is called " Dominus de Sancto Donato AngUcanus," so that the family had probably not up to that time resided, nor indeed does their name appear in any of the extant deeds of an earlier period in the County. SiK Edward, the son, visited the East, and became a Knight of the Sepulchre. In 1339, he witnessed a charter of Hugh le Despenser to Margam, in 1344 was M.P. for Somerset, and in 1363 did homage for Compton. He was Sheriff of Glamorgan in 1367. He married Wenllian, daughter of Sir Roger Berkerolles by Katherine daughter and co-heir of Sir Richard Turberville, of Coyty, and eventually heir of her father's brother Sir Lawrence Berkerolles . By this match the Stradling's inherited East Orchard or Norchard, and Merthyr-mawr. Sir Edward when Sherift' in 1369, witnessed a deed relating to the Manors of Norchard Berkrolles, Merthyr-mawr and Lanfey ; and in 1373, when no longer Sheriff, a Charter by Edward Lord le Despencer to the Borough of Avan. Sir William his son and heir, went pilgrim to Jerusalem, tem'p. Richard II., and also became a Knight of the Sepulchre. He married Julian, daughter and heir of John St. Barbe, of South Brent, County of Somerset, and had Edward, Sir John, and William, the last being ancestor of the Stradlings of Wilts, whose tragic ending is well known, and those of Ruthyn in Glamorgan. In 1390, Sir William had a release from Margeret Bawdewyn, of her claims on the lands of Peter Bawdewyn, of St. Donats, which Sir William held by gift of John Winchester (de Winton), Lord of Llandow. In 1400, being Seneschal of Gower, he held an inquisition as to the heirship of Richard Scurlage. Sir Edward Stradling, the next Lord of St. Donat's, was with his father in the East. He inherited the Berkerolles Estates, and a quarter of those of Turber^alle. He was also a Knight of the Sepulchre, and died at Jerusalem. He married Jane, daughter of Henry afterwards Cardinal Beaufort, by Alice, daughter of Richard Earl of Arundel, and with her had Halsway Manor, County of Somerset. They had Harry son and heir. There was also a large number of illegitimate children, who founded families, and whose mothers, as is common in Welsh Pedigrees, are recorded with such scrupulous accuracy as shows their characters not to have materially suffered. 1402, Edward Stradling had half a burgage in Swansea, from Alice Charles, one of the witnesses being Sir William the Senechal, probably of Gower ; also in 1421, Sir Edward had a release from Sir Gilbert Denys, and in 1629, he granted the Manor of Lanfey to Cardinal Beaufort and others, no doubt as trustees; also, by deed in 1439, Sir Edward gave an acquittance of certain claims for lands in Coyty. In 1441, a recovery was suffered in the Court of Ogmore for the Manor of Lanfey, the parties to which were Sir Edward Stradling and Joan his Wife, Cardinal Beaufort and others. In 1452, an inquisition records Sir Edward Stradling as seized of Halfway and Combhawey Manors, and a burgage in Watchet; also in 1480-1, Joan Stradling was seized of Compton Hawey, Comb-Hawey, and Half- way Manors. (I. P. M. vol. iv. I.e.) Sir Harry Stradling who succeeded, was aged 30 at his father's death, in 16th of Edward IV. 1476-78. He is celebrated as having been kidnapped when crossing the Severn by Colyn Dolphyn, a Breton pirate, who put him to ransom at 2000 marks. To raise this sum the Manors of Sutton in Glamorgan, Basalleg, Rogerston and TregwilHm, County of Monmouth, and two Manors in Oxford- shire were sold. Sir Henry visited Jerusalem the year of this mishap, was there knighted, and died on his way home at Famaugusta, in Cyprus. He is said to have built the Watch Tower, certainly to little purpose. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir William ap Thomas Herbert of Raglan, full sister to the great Earl of Pembroke. There is extant a deed by Hugh Adam, parson of St. Donat's and another, enfeoffing Henry Stradling, Esq., and Ehzabeth his wife, in the Manor of Lanfey, 18 Oct j 13 : Edw. IV. 1473. The following very curious letter from Sir Harry to his Wife has been preserved. There are various copies of it, and it has been printed by Mr. Traherne, but as it does not appear in his collection of Stradling letters, and is little known, it is here repeated. "Ryght herteley belowyd wyfe, I grete wele a thowsande tymes, lettyngf " 3'owe wete that at the makyng of this letr I was in gode hele, eblessyd be "God, and that is grete wond' for ther was neu men that hadde so pelowse a "wey as we hadde, save only eworschep be God we were not let in no place, " nor tangled : the pilgremys that were goyng to Cales, were iij tymes cast " alonde w* storme ; and assone as I come, eblessyde be God, we were ou w'yn " iiij owres, and taried there till the furst Sonday of Clene Lent, and a Sonday " af r mas we toke om'e jorne, and wente owte of the towne vij schore psones, "and went so till we come to the londe of Luke, and there euy mail dyd wax " wery of othur. Notw'stondyng I met at London iij of my sonne Mile is neyperes " aprest, and ij othur. Also Joh^n Wach^n and Joh"n Lewis Gonr, yo' cosyn, " and iiij w' thein ; and so we were xij psons, and n! neu deptyd till we come " to Rome, for I lefcte yowe wete there was . . . man of my contre wolde come " any me, but hadde leu wolow men of othur contres ; and as I wene, I . . . " them of the same s'vise. God let neu man have nede to them ; and a gode " Fryday in the mornyng we come to Rome ; the ny3t to fore we lay in a forest " vnd' a tre, evill at ese by cause we wolde ouJ take the , and to se the " vernicle, and so we sawe hit Friday, Safday, and Sonday, and a Sonday to fore " masse / the pope he assoyled vs of plena remyssio, 3 af r he hadde songe his " masse he come ageyii and assoyled them as fre as that day theye were borii, " and for to say that there was pepuft, there was w'oute nom', and for se othur " placf of Remission w'out eny mo nom'. And also as tochyng yo' absoluciofi " I hadde grete labo' and cost to gete hit vnd' ledde, and therefore lett eny " man or woman bewar howe he makythe a vow hit is akowven"t must be kept. " Also I hope to God to remove towardf Wenys by litell est day, and I have " gete my licens of the Pope and iiij Englische meii more w* me ; and yef I " kan go in savete, I will go, yef no I will be at home by Mydsom; and yef I " o-o h* will be alhalowyn tyde or I come /home. And also Rieharde Rethe is " in gode hele blessyd be God, save he was a liteft crasid in his legge a forteny3t " w* a senewe spronge, and nowe he is hole. Notw'stondyng Tom Gethyn " oflferyd to go in his place, but he wiH: not by no mene. Also I pray yowe " to se my dayes kept at Barry, for y' dayes must nede be kept, or ettf I must " be schamyd. Also I requere yowe to thynke ou my last wift, as my trust is "in yowe abowe abowe aft pepull. Also astochyng the westment at London "there is apon hit iij. li. wberof I payed a nobutt: in ernyst; Joh^n de Bole "kan tell he was at the bargen makyng 3 Wittm Jenkyii. Also the Kyng of " Hungery bathe hadde a grete distress aponne Turkf to the nomer of xl. " thowsande and his sonne takyn and is w' Cristen men, and therefore I trust " to God ow' wey witt be the betP. Also as for yo' absolucion Tom Gethyn " bryngethe hit home, by cause y^ porer y* a man goythe the bet hit is, but f.,> ^j-?d^-j- Mm " hit costithe grete gode, and nere hit were for yo' sowle his helthe hit schulde " neu be bo5t for me; I hadde neuer so grete travayle for no thyng. Also that " ye be gode maystres to Res De ; he was gode to me cc myle in my feleschepe, " and boed behynde at the last and me5t not go. And when I come to Rome " T met w' Thorn Gethyn, and there he went not fro me, but went all the " staciones w' me betr then he y' hadde be here vij yere to fore, for he knewe " evy place as well w'oute y* towne as w'yn, and bode here iiij dayes apon his " cost to have you' bull. Right hertely belowyd wyfe, almyhty ihu have yowe '' in his kepyngf ; and loke that ye be agode chere and prey for me, as I trust " to God to pray for yowe ; for I trust to God at this ow' I am clene to God " and to the worlde as clene as/ y' day I was borne." Wretyn at Rome the last day of Marche. Yo" husbonde, Harre Stradlyng. (In dorso,) To my . . Right hertely belowyd Wyfe Elyzabethe Stradlyng. Lra Henrici Stradlyng ad vxore de Roma missa. Corrected Version. Right heartily beloved wife, I greet (you) well a thousand times, letting you wit that at the making of this letter I was in good health, blessed 10 be God and that is great wonder, for there was never men had so perilous a way as we had, save only, worship be to God, we were not let in no place nor tangled. The pilgrims that were going to Calais were three times cast on land with storms, and as soon as I came, blessed be God, we were over within four hours and tarried there till the first Sunday of Clean Lent. And on Sunday after mass we took our journey and went out of the town seven score persons, and went so till we came to the land of Lucca, and then every man did wax weary of each other. Notwithstanding I met at London three of my son Miles' neighbours apprest (ready), and two others also, John Vaughan and John Lewis Gunter your cousin and four with them ; and so we were twelve persons, and never departed (parted) till we came to Rome, for I let you know there were . . . man of my country would come nigh me, but had liefer follow men of other countries, and as I ween serve them of the same service. God let never man have need of them ! And on Good Friday, in the morning, we came to Rome ; the night before we lay in a forest under a tree, ill at ease, because we would overtake the . . . and to see the vernicle (sacred handkerchief of St. Veronica). And so we saw it Friday, Saturday, and Sunday ; and on Sunday before mass the Pope assoiled us of " plena remissio," and after he had sung his mass he came again and assoiled them as free as that day they were born ; and for to say that there was people, there was without number, and so for other places of remission without any number. And also as touching your absolution, I had great labour and cost to get it under lead (the Pope's seal) ; and there- fore let any man or woman beware how he maketh a vow : it is a covenant (that) must be kept. Alao I hope to God to remove towards Venice by little Easter day ; and I have got my licence of the Pope and four English- men more with me : and if I can go in safety I will go ; if not I will be at home by midsummer ; and if I go, it will be All-hallows tyde ere I come >• '^^J|^S;;! 'l^''l^liV■ i^r ,1/1 ^VH mW w 'r^^Hvi'' 11 Lome. And also Richard Rees is in good health, blessed be God, save he was a little erased in his leg a fortnight (ago) with a sinew si:)rung, and now he is whole. Notwithstanding Tom Gethin offered to go in his place, but ho will not by no means. Also I pray you to see my days kept at Barry, for the days must needs be kept, or else I must be shamed. Also I require you to think of my last will, as my trust is in you above all people. Also as touching the vestment at London, there is upon it three pounds, whereof I paid a noble in earnest ; John de Bole can tell, he was at the bargain-making, and William Jenkin. Also the King of Hungary hath had a great distress upon Turks (victory over the Turks) to the number of fort}' thousand (killed), and his son (Bajazet) taken, aad is with Christian men : and therefore I trust to God our way will be the better. Also as for your absolution Tom Gethin bringeth it home, because the poorer a man goeth the better it is ; but it costeth great goods and nere (unless) it were for your soul's health it should never be (have been) bought for me. I never had so great travail for anything. Also that ye be good mistress to Rees Dee ; he was good to me two hundred miles in my fellowship, and bode behind at the last and might not go (could not go on). And when T came to Rome I met with Tom Gethin, and there he went not from me, but went all the stations with me better than he that had been here ten years before ; for he knew every place as well without the town as within, and bode here four days upon his (own) cost to have your bull (of absolution). Right heartily beloved wife, Almighty Jesu have you in his keeping, and look that you be of good cheer and pray for me, as I trust to God to pray for you : for I trust to God at this hour I ain clean to God and to the world, as clean as the day I was born. Written at Rome, the last day of March. Your husband, Harry Stradling. 12 Various Contemporary Records show the existence about this time of several kinsmen of the name, settled about Coity and Ogmore. Thus Edmund 1452, was father of John and Edward: there occur also William and John, 1454: Henry, 1473, and Ehzabeth his wife: William father of John, 1480: and Edmund of the same date. Sir Harry was succeeded by his son. Thomas Stradling, Esq., of St. Donat's, who died September 8th, 1048, under the age of 26. He married Janet, daughter of Thomas Mathew, of Radyr, whose second husband was the well-known Sir Rhys ap. Thomas. She died 1485, they had Edward the heir, and Harry, whose grandson eventually succeeded. Sir Edward Stradling, was knighted in Tournay Church, under the royal banner of Hem y VIII, 25th of December, 5. of Henry VIII. [^State Papers H. viii, 4468.] He died 1535, having married Elizabeth, a daughter of Sir Thomas Arundel, of Tremokeet, in Dulve, who married secondly William Lyson, and died 1513. Tbeir eldest son was Thomas. In 1528, Jevan Thomas and others, on the requisition of Sir Edward Stradling, granted to William, Sir Edward's son, lands in St. Bride's, with remainder to Jaynkin Stradling his brother, James Stradling his brother, John Stradling, minor, Robert Stradling, Robert Stradling the elder, Edward Stradling, Henry Strad- ling, Blanch Stradling, Mary Stradling, and Cecilie StradUng, all brothers and sisters, with the remainder to the right heirs of Sir Edward Stradling. These were all Sir Edward's natural children. There remain also two indentures between Sir E. Stradling and Philip ajD Llewelyn, relating to lands in Alun Marsh and Blomeston, dated 1530. 13 Sir Thomas Stradling, Sheriff in 1547-8, Knighted 17th of February, 1549, 3rd of Edward VI., Muster Master to the Queen's Army, and a Com- missioner for the Marches ; M. P. for East Grinsted, 1558, and for Arundel, 1558. He was also a Commissioner for the suppression of heretics, 1558. Will dated December 19th, 1566, and proved in London, May, 1571. He built the Stradling Chapel, attached to St. Donat's Church. Sir Thomas married Katherine, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Gamage, of Coyty, and had Edward, and other children. Sir Thomas appears as Thomas Stradling, Esq., in a deed by William Tyler, relating to " Sygynslands," probably Sigginston, in 1534, and Tyler is also party in 1544, to a deed with William Stradling of Talygarn and Margaret his wife, also about " Sygenslonde," and to a third deed in the same year relating to a payment of 42 marks to Thomas Stradling, of St. Donat's. In this reign Thomas Stradling, of Ualsway, Esq., addressed Sir John Dawnce, Knight jNIaster to Henry VIII, probably Surveyor General, on the subject of the dependence of Merthyr-Mawr upon Talavan Manor. In 1548, Sir Thomas Stradling vvas party to a release of lands near Ewenny Bridge, and in 1558, he exchanged 6 acres in Llantwit, with William Van. In 15G9 Sir Thomas suffered a recovery for lands in Llanfey, Jenkyn Stradling being his deputy. The principal event in the life of Sir Thomas was j^robably the " invention of a Cross^" in a tree blown down upon his property, and which brought him under the censure of the Queen's Government. The circumstances of this dis- covery and its consequence are the subject of a paper in the Archseologia Cambrensis, Jan. 1865, which, by permission of the Editor, is here with some omissions reprinted. 14 In the fourth of the "Sex Dialogi" of Harpsfield, published in 15G6, at Paris, under the care of Alan Cope, there occurs a curious account of the well-known figure of the cross, observed in the broken trunk of an ash tree blown down by a storm at St. Donat's, in 1559, of which the following is a translation. "In that part of our isle which the ancients call Cambria, and we call Wales, " the gusty violence of the winds threw down an aged ash tree, so that its butt, " although laid open and riven to the csntre, yet anchored by the roots, stood " for seven feet above the ground, and lo ! in the interior structure of the gaping " trunk there appeared a ci'oss rather longer than a man's foot, and what was " more marvellous, the part which lay upon the ground presented the same " figure of a cross in all its details. And as the thing was noted by almost " all our folks, and the cross did not suddenly disappear, but remained several "years in the trunk of the tree, to the great wonder of the beholders, it so " happened that there was a frequent and full concourse of people to the place " to see so rare and celebrated a sight. Those, too, who could not conveniently " go thither, asked others to show them a faithful drawing of the cross in all its " details ; whose creditable request in this matter was amply satisfied, for a " likeness was drawn true to the prototype, answering to it in every way, neither " amplifying nor withholding anything for the sake of addition or detraction. " "Whence, in fine, it happened that it became the subject of almost every con- " versation ; and there was scarce anyone who had not either seen the cross, or '' obtained a fac-smile of it, or in some other way learned the facts about it, on " very satisfactory evidence. The thing was too evident to be denied, but too " repugnant to the opinions of the Protestants to be admitted by them. Would, "would! that my countrymen, divinely admonished by such miracles, would cease, " after the example of St. Paul, to persecute Christ in his cross, his image, and V 1^ —I My r_ iz ^ V i-.''^ ^f'»i, 'I ill. iMJaBU »■ 1 .'fTT^rriTn\ ^ ''■, IlfTrl rm^ n .iMiAJ il '." '^^t 15 " his members. Would ! whence they have gone out, they would return thither, " that is, to the fold of Christ, weeping bitterly with Peter ; but this is easier " to wish than to hope. I shall never cease either to wish or hope so long as " I shall live and they whom it concerns that I should not be disappointed in " my wishes and my hope ; for to one of these Christian charity invites me, and " to the other the unbounded goodness and power of God. But of these on " another occasion. Now to the matter in hand. Many pictures of this won- " drous cross being scattered hither and thither, one at last has fallen into my " hands, which as opportunity happens, I have here with me, with the verses written beneath it, which describe every step of the story briefly, but with •' elegance and clearly, which if you wish to see, I will not balk your curiosity. Crit. — " I much desire to have a view of it ; for if I have received so much ' pleasure from your bare narrative, how much more shall I derive from the ' correct delineation, which will, so to speak, bring the figure before my eyes." Iren. — " Look ye then at it." Crit. — " The thing is wonderful." Iren. — " In truth we may say with David, " this is the Lord's doing, and it ' is marvellous in our eyes." But read the verses, aud compare them with the ■ cross, that you may see how aptly they answer in every part. Crit. — " Your advice is just." 1(3 ANNO DOMINI 1559. SIII KxVLEND. APRILIS. " Hanc crucis effigiem, pie Lector, fraxinus ipso. Quern legis hlc, anno, mense, dieqiie dedit. Arbor apud Uallos Stradlingi crevit in arvis : Hie torquatus eques (si modo qujeris) erat. Tempestas oritur, fortis confriugitur arbor : Exhibet hanc mollis delude medulla crucem. Formam charta docet, nux avellana colorem : Mensura, expressit quam tibi pictor, erat. Yir 17 " Fi-axinus hsKreticos duros, hominesque rebelles : Mites corda viros tecta medulla notat. Fraxinei Christi obscurant insignia trunci. Obscurata tegunt signa, virosque premunt. Sed Libani cedros tandem, haereticosque rebelles Confringet summi ferrea virga Dei. Tunc cultusque Dei, pietasque, fidesque vigebunt : Exseret et celsum crux tua, Cliriste, caput." Joannes Fennus. [Dialogi Sex, etc. 4to. Parisiis, 1566, folio 504.] The Year of our Lord 1559. 20tli of March. This imao-e of the Cross an ash did shew, The year, month, day, above recorded, know : In Wales, good reader, grew the wonderous tree, On Stradling's lands, a belted knight is he. The stem was shattered one tempestuous day ; Then the soft centre did this cross display. Its shape this sheet, the hazel nut its hue, And for its size thou hast one fourth the true.* * The drawing has been reduced to a quarter. In the stout ash the heretic behold ; In its soft flesh good men of gentler mould ; The rebels, like the ash tree's stubborn pride, May crush Christ's vassals, and their blazon hide. But trees and heretics alike can God Crush if he will it, with his iron rod ; Then faith, devotion, piety shall spread, And Christ's own cross lift up to heaven its head. It is not probable that this story is pure fabrication; but no naturalist will believe the symmetrical figure represented in the wood cut to have been a lusus natures, or that any accidental discolouration would assume so regular a form. Harpsfield and his nostrates no doubt sincerely regarded the appearance as miraculous ; but it seems unnecessary to tax the faith or credulity of their modern representatives to this extent, since it may be accounted for by natural causes. A device — and a person conversant with the elegant shaft, still pointing heavenward, in the churchyard of St. Donat's, could be at no loss for an excell- ent one — deeply carved through the rind of a growing tree into the young wood, would in time be covered by the overlapping of the new bark : while from the want of cohesion between this and the injured wood the figure would remain but little altered, and in time, by successive additions, be buried deep in the trunk, where an accidental fracture might disclose it. In such a case one face of the fracture would, as in the present instance, present a cast or impression of the figure upon the other. It appears from Froude, who mentions this invention of a cross in a note 19 to his History of England, (vii, p. 339), that it had reached the ears of Govern- ment, and was thought by Cecil important enough to be inquired into. Unfortunately for Sir Thomas Stradling this occured at a very critical period, in April 15G1, just when Philip of Spain had demanded the release of the bishops who were imprisoned in the Tower for refusing the oath of supremacy, and when the leading reformers were greatly alarmed, and Protestant England with them, by a report that Elizabeth was about to be reconciled with Rome. " When I saw this Romish influence toward," wrote Cecil, " I thought it necessary to dull the Papists' expectations by punishing of massmongers for the rebating of their humours," and Sir Thomas Stradling of St. Donat's was accordingly selected to have his humours rebated. The day of his committal appears to have been early in May ; but it was not till the 3rd June, 1561, that he was indicted and convicted at the com- mission of oyer held at Brentwood in Essex, when his offence was " the having caused four pictures to be made of the likeness of the cross which appeared in the grain of a tree blown down on his estate in Glamorganshire." The second document is a petition to the same effect, but less diff'use. The author of the printed calendar of these papers attributes, probably, to the 5th of June the date of the third document, which is a report from Sir Roger Vausfhan and Sir Edward Lewis, in obedience to a commission issued in the preceding May, no doubt upon Sir Thomas' first committal. The report re- peats the substance of the commission, and announces that, not having a draughtsman at hand, they, as directed, cut away the part of the tree on which the figure appeared, and sent it up, under seal, to the Privy Council, who do not not, however, seem to have preserved it in their archives. 20 Of the following documents, printed from the State Paper Office, the first is Sir T. Stradling's petition from the Tower, giving a very clear account of the whole transaction. The daughter he alludes to as remaining with the old Lady Dormer (Jane Newdigate) at Louvain, was no doubt Damasyn, Sir Thomas's third daughter, who lived with the Countess de Feria, daughter to Lady Dormer, and died at Cafra, in Spain, in the spring of 15G7. The only other document is the one referred to in the preceding paper, dated 15th of October, 1563, and which may therefore be the time of Sir Thomas's liberation from the Tower. The nest or 5th paper, is dated eight year's later, 21st December, 1569, and though it relates to a different matter, is here inserted because its subject is the same, Sir Thomas Stradling, now an infirm old man, and as it would seem, a partial conformist. It is addressed to "The Council of the Marches of Wales," and is signed by Thomas Carne, of Ewenny. Sir Thomas Stradling died in 1573, and the usual inquisition was held 13-14 Elizabeth. He was succeeded by his son, Sir Edward, a man of some literary taste, to whom were addressed most of the letters, for the printing of which Glamorganshire is indebted to its late eminent antiquary, the Rev. J. M. Traherne. Sir Thomas seems to have recovered the good graces of the Government, since in 1578, he was conjoined with Sir Edward Mansell, in a Commission to enquire into a local act of piracy. The appended papers give some insight into the life of the old Knight, and will be read with interest in the county. The Stradling's were always regarded with much pride by the men of Glamorgan. Their grand old Castle with its 21 sheltered Church, terraced gardens, and secluded sea shore, presents much the same general appearance that it must have presented to the last ot their race a century and a quarter ago. The Park has been disparked, and the timber felled ; but the household Coat still stands in the windows, and the Castle has survived the contention of the heirs, the hungry demands of the lawyers, and the neglect of its stranger Lords, and having been repurchased by the next re- presentative of its ancient owners is again inhabited. The Stradlings stood nearly at the head of the gentlemen of their county. They were more addicted to piety and literature than was usual in that remote region. Three of their number were Knights of the Sepulchre, and at least two visited that holy spot. They were by no means indifferent to the history and antiquities of their native country. They collected, and made good use of, a considerable library. They matched with the blood of Beaufort when at its highest and haughtiest; and in their decline they afforded safe shelter, fitting company, and ample means of study, to the learned and pious Usher. At the dissolution of the Monasteries, when the leading country gentlemen profited largely by ecclesiastical confiscations, the Stradliug's retained their old faith, and resisted the tempting means of aggrandisement. A century later when the Church of England had become established venerable and endangered, the Stradlinofs' instinct led them acjain to take the losing side. The head of the family, his son, his grandson, and five of their cadets, bore arms in conspicu- ous positions for the King, shared in the dangers of Edgohill and Newbury, and incurred the usual pecuniary losses which fell on the vanquished party. They 22 gcained the respect of all men, ar.d the affection of their neighbours and depen- dents : and untimely death of the last Loid of St. Donat's seems to have been regarded in the country almost as a personal as well as a public calamity. State Papers (Domestic), Elizabeth. Vol. xvii, No. 18. To the Queues Most Xcellent Ma'". In most humble wyse shewyth unto yo'r hyghnes yo'r feithfull and obedyent Orator Thomas Stradlyng Knyght, p'isonar in yo'r Graces Towre, that wher as abowte Est' 1559 certein trees were cast downe by the wynde in a park of your Orators in Wales, amongest the whych ther was one tree cloven in the myddes from the toppe downe hard to the grownde, the one half ther of that stack to the toppe wher on the bowes & branches grew fell downe ther w"" levyng the other half ther of standyng, in the very sape or hert whereof was the picture of a crosse of xiiijynches longe, apparant & pleyn to be seen by the alteracon of the grayne w"" a derker coloure varyeng from the rest of the greine of the same tre ; of the w"'' crosse yo'r Orator beyng in that parties aboute Est' 1560, made a patron contayneng the length, brede, & facion therof, and bryngeng the same w"' hym to London caused iiij pictures therof to be painted; of the w"*" pictures yo'r Orator gave ij to twoo men hys wellwyllers, and sent another to a doughter yf hys remayneng w"" the olde Lady Dormer at Lovai-n, upon occasion that a litle before that hys said doughter had sent unto him the picture of Christe in his resurection. Yo'r Orato' is very sorye that he had not fyrst fownde meanes to have made yo'r Grace pi-evy therof, or shewed it to yo'r hon'able Consell, and have knowen yo'r Majestes pleysure or theyrs therin ; for yf he had knowen or thought that yo'r highnes or yo'r consell wolde have -:kiMMdm^di^\mii^M ^ 23 ben ofFendyd ther w"* or taken it in yll parte, he wolde not for any thing have done it. And for as moche as that that he dyd therin was not don upon any sediciouse purpose or yll entent, but only of ignorance, for the w'^'' he have all redy susteyned above v. wykes imp'sonme't yo'r Orator moste humbly besecheth yo'r moste excellent Ma'° of j'o'r accostomed clemencie to here w't hys igno- rance therin, and that this his imp'so'ment may be a sufficient mitigac'on of yo'r highnes displeysure conceved against hym for the same. And yo'r Orator shall accordyng to his moste bownden dutye, as he dayly doeth, moste humblye praye for p'sp'ite of yo'r Graces moste ryall p'son w"" encresse of honor, to the contentac'on of God and the comforte of yo'r lovyng subjects longe to endure. Yo'r Graces moste humble and obedient subject, Thomas Stradlyng. Indorsed. — Stradlyng. The submission of Sir Thomas Stradling, Knight. State Papers (Dom.) Elizabeth. Vol. xvii. No. IS a. To the Right Hono'ble the lordes of the Quenes Ma't's moste hon'ble Prevy Consell. In moste humble wyse sheweth unto yo'r hon'able Lordships yo'r Orator Thomas Stradlyng Knyght, p'sonar in the Towre, that wher as your Orator fyndeng the picture of a crosse in a tre in his park toke the mesure thor of and pricked the forme of hyt w"" a penn, and the same brought up w"" hym to liondon, and caused certein pictures ther of to be paynted, of the w^** yo'r Orator gave twoo to ij p'sons hys wellwyllers, and the iijde he sent to his doughter 24 remayneng at Lovayn. Yo'r Orator is very sorye tnat he had not fyrst shewed it unto yo'r hon'able Lordships and have knowen yo'r wyll & pleysure ther in, for yf he had knowen that the Queens Ma'te or yo'r Lordships wolde hare ben ofFendyd therw"' or have taken it in yll parte, he wolde not have don hyt for any thing. In tendi'e considac'on wher of, and for as moche as yo'r Orator dyd hyt not upon any sedycyouse entent or yll meanyng, and the sendyng of the sayd picture to his said daughter chaunced only upon occasyon of a picture of the resurrection of Christe that she a litle before that had sent to yo'r Orator, as yo'r Orator dyd declare unto yo'r Lordships, and for non other purpose or occasyon yo'r Orator moste humblye besecheth yo'r hon'able Lordships to be a meane for him to the Queues Highnes to here w*'' hys ignorance therin, and that thys hys imp'sonment may be a sufficient mytigac'on of hyr Ma't's displeysur and yo's conceved against hym for the same. And yo'r Orator shall duely pray for the p'sp'ite of yo'r Hon'able Lordships w"" encresse of honor longe to endure. Indorsed. — The supplication of Sir Thom's Stradlinge Knight. State Papers (Dom.) Eliz. Vol. xvii, No. 20. Our dutyes moste humbly usyd unto yo'r hon'able Lordeshipes pleasyth it the same to be adv'tisyd thatt where it hathe pleasyd yo'r honors to addresse yo'r hon'able I'res dated in May laste unto us and William Bassett and Edward Gaines, requyringe us or any thre of us to repayre to the p'ke of S'r Thomas Stradlynge Knyght, at Seynt Donetts in the countey of Glamorgan, where the pycture of a subposed crosse sholde be in a tree there broken by tempeste, and there to caul« for the keaper of the said parke before us, and to IXa 25 knowe of hym thatt whiclie we sliolde tliyngke requisite to be understandyd for our better p'ceadynge in tbat matter, and thereupon to go to the place alegid, and to view and consyder whatt man' thynge hit sholde be, and to cause a per- fecte pycture thereof to be made and sent unto yo'r hono'rs. And further requirynge us to cause the upper croste thereof to be cutt or sawen of, so as yt myght appere unto us what shape sholde be undernethe the same, and further to use all man' meanes that we colde devise to understand whatt they weare thatt fyrste founde the same, and whatt it was at the fyrste fiendynge of the same, and who fyrste affirmyd that to be a crosse, what pyctures have ben drawen or made thereof, by whome and by whose appoyntement, whow many of them have ben made and where bestowed, what tauke the sayd S'r Thomas hath uttered of the same, to whome and wyth whatt wordes and what opinion or p'phesies have ben spred a brod in thatt contre and by whome, and who have resortyd thether as pylgrymes or otherwyse to gase upon the same. And by whose exortac'on or p'curement. And allso to require us diligently to examyne yf any masses or other rittes abbohshed have ben sayd in the sayd Mr. Strad- lyngs house or thereabouts and in whose hearynge. Forasmyche as Wyllyam Basset and Edward Gaines were not p'sentely at whome in theyre contreyes, BO that we fowre nor thre of us myght not accordynge to yo' hon's cora'andement fully accomplishe theffect of yo'r Lordeshipes I'res. "Wee therefore thought yt good to procede o'rselves in the doynge thereof by cause yo'r hon's myght be adv'tised of the state of the matter accordynge to yo'r hon's cxpectac'on, have endeveryd o'rselves in the accomplishement of the same as myche as in us laye. And have not only caulyd before us the keper of the seyd parke in du' exa'iac'on of the p'miss' w'" dyv's others of them whome we thoght mooste metyste to be exa'i'd upon the contents of the sayd hon'able I'res. And them have sworen and exa'i'ed sev'ally upon ev'y poyont and article therein comp'ised, as by theyr examynac'ona w'che we do send unto yo'r lordeshipes herein closyd 26 mre at large may appere, butt allso have repayred to the said parke of S'r Thomas Stradlynge to view the sayd crosse o'rselves, and lor lacke of good peynters to draw the pycture of the same pace of tre somewhatt lyvely, we thoght good to cause the same tre to be cutt w"' a saw. Whiche tre we do send unto yo'r honors by this berer the m'senger unto us sent in that behaulf en- closyd in a pece of canvas and sealyd w"'' o'r seales, so thatt yo'r honors upon syght thereof may judge of hit as yt may appere. And thus alwayse readye to accomplishe y'r Lordeships com'andement to the moaste of o'r powers as knoweth God who p'serve yo'r hon's in health to contynew. From Cowbrige the fyveth day of June. Yo'r Lordeshipes mooste humble to com'and, Ro. Vaughan Edward Lewys. Indorsed. — To the Kight Hon'able and our synguUer good Lordes of the Queues Ma' ties P'vey Counsell this be d'd, 5 Junii 1561. Ecclesiast. Certen of notes to y° L. of y" Counsell touching y' picture of y^ crosse found there. State Papers (Dom.) Eliz. Vol. xvii, No. 20. Apud Seynt Donetts in com. Glamorgan iiij'" die Junii anno regni Elizabeth' Dei gra' Anglie, Franc' et Hib'ie Regine fidei Defensor' <&c. Tercio; coram Rogero Vaughan milit' et Ed- wardo Lewis armig'. John Vosse of Seynt Donett in the countey of Glamorgan yoman of thaige X 27 of fyftye yeres or there abouts, beynge keper of the parke of S'r Thomas Strad- lynwe Knyght at Seynt Donetts afforesyd in the sayd com' sworen and exa'i'ed tochynge a crosse or pycture ot a crosse subposyd to be fownde in a broken tre w'thin the sayd p'ke, deposyth and sayth thatt a bout a iiii"'' or fyve yeres paste the tyme s'ten this deponent dothe not well remember an olde ashe was in the sayd parke broken and cloven by tempeste, and in the mydes of the sayd pece of ashe whiche was standynge there seamyd the pycture of a crosse. And further sayth thatt the sayd pycture seamyth moi e darker nowe than at the fyrste tyme it was seen by resen of the weather. And beynge further exa'i'ed upon the hole contents of the Counsells I'res he is ignoraunt. John Flem'ynge of Seynt Donets in the said com'gent. of thaige of xxxj" yeres lyckewyse sworen and exa'i'ed upon the contempts of tbe sayd hon'able I'res deposyth and sayth thatt a boutes a fyve yeres paste, the tyme s'ten he doth not remember, as he havynge the charge and oversyght of the worke of S'r Thomas Stradlynge Knight at Seynt Donetts afforesayd, and as he was walkynge in his maysters parke a bout his necessary busynes he saw an olde ashe broken by tempeste. And the mooste p'te thei'eof cloven downe and p'te thereof standynge and nere the mydell of the p'te of the ashe w'che was there standynge, there seamyd as it were the pycture of a crosse, and further sayetli thatt the pycture seamyd muyche fresher then it doth nowe. And further sayth thatt s'ten maydens of the towne of Cowbryge a bout that tyme bame unto the sayd p'ke to gaze upon the seyd pycture. And to all other poynts and articles he is ignoraunt. John Cantlow, Gierke, vicar of the paryshe of Saynt Donetts in the sayd countey, of thaige of Iviij yeres, sworen & exa'i'ed upon all poynts and articles in the sayd hon'oble I'res spied, deposyth and sayth thatt he nev' sayd any kynde of s'vice sens he became vicar of Saynt Donetts, but only accordynge to the quenes Ma't's p'ceadyngs, nor at any tyme before sethens the olde s'vice was abbolished. And further sayth thatt he was nev' in that paryshe of Saynt Donuts untill 28 Michellm's laste paste, thatt he was enductyd vicar there, and further consern- ynge the pycture of the crosse, he sawe the same a bout Ester laste paste as he was walk^nge in the p'ke w"" the keper, w'ch is all thatt he can saye. Miles Butten of Saynt Nicolas in the com' of Glamorgan gent, of thaige of xxxj" yeres or there a bouts, lykewyse sworne and exaTed tochynge the contents of the sayd hon'able I'res in all poynts and articles, deposyth and sayth thatt he hard saye thatt a tre sholde be broken by tempeste in the p'ke of S'r Thomas Stradlynge knyght, the tyme s'ten he doth not well remember, and in the myddell of p'te of the tre w'ch was standynge there seamyd as yt were the pyctor of a crosse, and more he conat declare. Myles Bu Willyam Carne of Osmons Ashe in the com' of Glamorgan of thaige of xxxiij" or there a bowts also sworen and exa'i'ed of his.,.knowleige in the p'miss declareth and sayth thatt a bouts a twelve monyth paste as he was a huntynge in the p'ke of S'r Thomas Stradlynge knight he saw an olde ashe kloven in the said p'ke, and in the mydell of the same pece w'ch was stonydnge there seamyd the pyctuve of a lytell crosse ond further he conat depose. Will'm Carne. R. Vaughan, Edward Lewys. •29 Statk Papers (Dom.) Eliz. Vol. lxvi, No. 19, xii. Glamorgan. S'r Tho. Stradling.— Maie hit pleas yo'r Lordshippes to und'stand that accordinge unto com'aundm't by tho Quenes Ma'ties most honorable I'res an yourcs geven : Wee the p'sons und'written have subscribed to the draughte of the I'res in the same inclosed. Further Robert Stradlinge and Edward Stradlinge esquire whoe some tyme have bin justices of peas of this countie of Glamovgan, in the p'sencc of us Robert Gamage, Thomas Carne and Will'm Jankin, have subscribed the same draughte as unto S'r Thomas Stradlinge knighte, whoe in like sorte hathe bene a justice of this countie, beinge at thi p'sent ympotent and unable to travell or to stirre oute of his bedd by reason of the gowte, hathe nott onely by mouthe to Thomas Carne esquiei one ot us, butt also by wry tinge answered us as here followethe, viz : First as towchinge the comynge to churche and hearinge of devine service and receavinge of the blessed Sacrament. He sayethe that when he is able to come out of his howse there is no laye man in thys shjre that comethe oftener to churche to heare devine service hen he doethe and also that he dothe yerelye receave the blessed Sacrament at tymes usuall, and sayethe that his hole famylie dothe the same, and thereof he wilbe tryed by all his neighboures and resorters to his p'ishe. And when he cannott come abrode yett hathe he devine service sayed in his chamber Sondayes, holl- yedayes, Wednisdaies and Fridayes, as it is sett furtheinthe Booke cf Com'one Prayer, butt subscribe the seid I're he sayethe he maye nott, for that the othe in effecte is comp'hended w'thin the same, the w'ch he cannott w'tli sauf con- conscience take, as it is not unknowen to the Lordes of the Privey CoUnsaill. And for that cause he was prysoner in the Towre of a longe tyme, and when he was enlardged there hence the seid lordes would have had hym to enter into band for his good abearinge, butt he chose rather to remayne prysoner then he would soe doe, whereupon the seid lordes havinge compassion of his ympotencye 30 and aige w'th his conformitie in livinge, toke his onelye band by obligac'oa of a thowsand marks for his appearaunce before them upon twelve dayes warninge the w'ch band remanyethe yett in force, the copie whereof wee doe send unto yo'r Lordshippes herew'th, and of that mynd concerninge his good abearinge he remaynethe yett, but hetrustethe that bothe the Lordes of the Privy Counsaill and yo'r lordshippes will consider that he beinge nowe ot age above threescore and eleven and most oftentymes ympotent of hands and feete, that it is not requisite so to binde hym. And moreover he hopethe that his behavio'r from his childhoodd hytherunto may be a sufficient testimonye that it neadethe not whose conformytie in ev'rye poinete (as wee believe) to be trewe in forme by hym declared. Soe by credible report doe wee und' stand that he beinge in healthe faylethe not to observe the tymes of devine service in his p'she churche w'th good devoc'on and reverence, and in all other things dothe afurther the Queues Ma'ties p'ceadings to all his mighte as dothe manufestlye appere in gevinge of wyne to the p'ishes about hym in this skarsitie of wyne as ofte as neade dothe require the use thereof or the receavinge of the blessed Sacram't and suche like, whereof we thought it good tadvertize your Lordshippes. And thus we humblie take our leave this xxj'^ of December 1569. Your Lordshippes to co'mand, Thomas Carne Robert Gamage Leyson Price "Will'm Jankyn Christopher Turbervill' Edward Manxeij.. To the Q. Mats Counsaill in the Marches of Wales. State Papers (Dom.) Eliz. Vol. LXVL No. 19, XII I. This is a bail bond, by which Sir Thomas forfeits 1000 marks should he fail to appear before tlie Privy Council. Dated 15th October, 5 Eliz : N 31 Sir Edward Stradling, Knight, was educated at Oxford, and spent some time at Rome. Knighted 1575, ShcrifF 1573, 1581, 1593. He built the sea wall at St. Donat's, and founded the library there. He died May 15th, 1609, at SO, and his will was proved in London 19th of Octotber. He married Agnes, daughter to Sir Edward Gage, of Firle, who died 1624. They had no issue, and the estate was left to the heir male. Sir Edward or his successor sold Halsway. The curious collection of letters addressed to Sir Edward have ah-eady been mentioned. Sir John Stradlixg, of St. Donat's, -was son of Francis, son of Harry, second son of Thomas Stradling and Jenet Mathew. He was A.M. Oxon 1582. Sheriff 1607 and 1620. Knighted 15th of May, 1608. He travelled on the continent, and was author of a volume of Latin Epigrams, " Beati pacifici " a poem, and " Divine Poems." Created a Baronet 22nd of May, 1611. Died 1644. He married Elizabeth daughter of Edward Gage, of Firle, and had a large family, most of whom served King Charles by sea or by land, and one was Dean of Gloucester and Chichester, and was a zealous royalist divine. Sir Edward Stradling, Knight and Baronet, a Colonel in the Kino-'s army at Edgehill, M.P. for Glamorgan 1640, was buried June 1644, in Jesus College Chapel, Oxford. He was a promoter of Sir Hugh Middleton's New River company. He married Mary, only daughter of Sir Thomas Mansel of Margam, and had several children, of whom Edward succeeded, and John a Major General, was taken prisoner at the Battle of St. Fagan's in 1648. Sir Edward Stradling, the next Baronet, was in arms for Charles, and died at Oxford. He married Katherine, daughter of Sir Hugh Perry. She afterwards married Bussey Mansel, of Britton Ferry. Their son was Sir 32 Edward Stradling, Bart., Knighted by Charles I., M. P. for Cardiff, 1698 and 1726. He married Elizabeth daughter of Anthony Hungerford, of Black Bourton, their sons were Edward, Thomas, and others. Sir Edward 5th Baronet, Sheriff 1710, M.P. for Cardiff 1714 and 1722. Died 5th of April 1735, will dated 9th February, 1713-14, proved 31st of May 1735. He married Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Edward Mansel, of Margam, Bart. Their children all died young, and childless, and the succession came to Sir Edward's brother. Sir Thomas, 6th Bart., born June 5th, 1710, and died unmarried at Montpellier, 27th of April, 1738, aged 28. Will dated May 4th, 1735, and with him the direct line became extinct. Bussey Mansel, 4th Lord Mansel, held the estates for life, bat on his death they became the subject of a long law suit, the general result of which was their division into four parts, of which (1) St. Donat's and Sully came to Sir John Tyrrwhit, Bart., who was Sheriff of Glamorgan, 1760, (2) Merthyr Mawr and Monknash, came to Hugh Bowen and his son George, (3) Pennllyne, Llampha and Comb-Hawey, came to liOuisa Barbara Mansel, daughter and heir of Lord Mansel, and wife of George Venables Vernon. (4) St. Athans was sold to pay the legal expenses. In 1756, an abstrarit of the Stradling titlewas drawu up, whence it appears that at the time of the break up of the family, they held the Castles of St. Donat's, Sully, East Orchard, Penllyne; the Manors of St. Donat's, Sully, Nash, East Orchard, Merthyr-Mawr, West Orchard, Castleton, Court Llanphey, X 33 Gileston, Merthyr-M■'