UC-NRLF $B tot. SOD m MEMDRIAJA Alb in Putzker Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2008 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/colloquialgermanOObronrich COLLOaUIAL GERJvil^W 51 irilUUnnlt in CniiDBrsatinii FOR SCHOOL CLASSES OR SELF-INSTRUCTION, WITH A VOCABULARY AND A SUMMARY OF GRAMMAR BY THOMAS BERTRAND BRONSON, a/m. MICHIGAN MILITARY ACADKMV NEW YORK HENRY HOLT AND COMPANY F. W. CHRISTERN BOSTON : CARL SCHOENHOF Copyright, 1891, BY HENRY HOLT & CO. PREFACE. T^HE object in publishing this little book is to offer in convenient form a short course in German composition and conversation. The vo- cabulary contains many words of everyday use not found in most works of this kind. The Summary of Grammar will be useful especially for reviews in elementary classes, and in many cases, if prop- erly supplemented by the teacher with examples and explanations, may take the place of a gram- mar. The orthography used is the system taught in the Prussian schools, according to the „9iegeln unb 2Bortert)er5eid^ni§ fiir bie beutjd^c SRed^lfd^reibung jum (Sebraud^ in ben preu^ifd^en ©d^ulen." Michigan Military Academy, June, 1891. 567254 CONTENTS. PAGE. EXERCISES I-XU 1-40 • Miscellaneous, Exercises I-X 1- 8 Time, Exercise XI 9 Weather, Exercise XII 9 Age, etc., Exercise XIII 10 Travel, Exercises XIV-XLI 11-40 Steamer, Exercise XIV 11 Customhouse, Exercise XV 13 R. R. Station, Baggage, Exercise XVI 14 Traveling by Rail, Exercises XVII-XIX 15-17 Hotel, Exercise XX 18 Trains, Exercise XXI 19 Omnibus, Street Cars, Exercise XXII 21 Boarding House, Exercise XXIII 22 Calling ; Breakfast, Exercise XXIV 23 Fruits; Sight-seeing, Exercise XXV 24 Post Office, Exercise XXVI 25 Letter-writing, Exercise XXVH 26 Dinner, Exercise XXVIII 27 Restaurant, Supper, Exercise XXIX 28 Meats, Vegetables, Ices ; Newspapers, Exercise XXX 29 Telegraph, Telephone, Exercise XXXI 30 Bank, Exercise XXXII 30 On 'Change ; Jeweler, Exercise XXXIH 31 Tailor, Shoemaker, Exercise XXXIV 32 Laundress; Bathing; Physician; Barber, Exercise XXXV 33 Walking, Driving, Exercise XXXVI 34 Theater, Exercises XXXVII-XXIX 35-37 Opera, Concert, Ball; University, Exercise XL.... 38 Shopping ; Departure ; Bill, Exercise XLI 39 vi CONTENTS. PAGE. NOTES 41-43 VOCABULARY 44-78 IRREGULAR VERBS, A List of 79-81 SUMMARY OF GRAMMAR 85-143 Alphabet and Pronunciation 85- 87 Modified Vowels 87 Diphthongs 87 Compound Consonants 87 Accent 88 Declension 88 Definite Article 89 Indefinite Article 89 Nouns 90 Gender 94 Proper Names, Declension of 95 Adjectives 95 Comparison 98 Pronouns 99-102 Personal Pronouns 99 Possessives 100 Demonstratives 100 Interrogatives 101 Relatives - 101 Numerals. 102 Verbs 103-133 ^aben 104-107 @eln 107-110 SBerben 110-113 Rules for the Formation of Compound Tenses and Passive Voice 113 Regular and Irregular Verbs 114 Regular Verb, Conjugation of a 115-120 Irregular Verb, Conjugation of an 120-122 Compound Verbs 122 Separable Verb, A. 123 Inseparable Verb, An 124 CONTENTS. vii PAGE. Modal Auxiliaries 125-133 2)urf en 125 ^onncn 126 Tlmn 128 aWiiffen 129 ©ottcn 130 SoUcn 131 Prepositions 133-134 Order of Words 135-137 Cases 138-139 Nominative 138 Genitive 138 Dative 138 Accusative 139 Conjugation, Remarks on 140-143 Tenses 140 Subjunctive 140 Infinitive 141 Participles 142 Consonants, Correspondence of 143 INDEX to Simmiary of Grammar 145 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. EXERCISE I. 1. That is true. 2. That is so. 3. I believe it. 4. I say, yes. 5. He says, no. 6. I know him. 7. I am wrong. 8. We think so. 9. That is well. 10. It is late. 11. You are tired. 12. I am thirsty. 13. He is hungry. 14. They are sleepy. 15. He is cold. 16. She is warm. 17. I am doing nothing. 18. We say nothing. 19. We wish nothing. 20. Who is it? 21.. Who is knocking? 22. Who is calling me ? 23, Where are you ? 24. Where am I ? 25. Where is he? 26. What is he doing? 27. What are you doing? 28. What do you wish? 29. What are they doing? 30. What is she doing? 31. Where are you going? 32. Where is she going? 33. What do you say? 34. Did you hear? 35. I heard. 36. Do you wish some bread? 37. She wishes some water. 38. Come here. 39. Come nearer. 40. Make haste. 41. Begin. 42. Continue. 43. Stop! Take care! 44. Not so fast. 45. Go quickly. 46. Be quiet. 47. Go away. 48. Speak with him. 49. Do not believe him. 50. Tell him so. 51. Go to bed. 52. Clean these clothes. 53. Have the horses hitched up. 54. Eat and drink. 55, Go into the house, .•^ : : . : ; ; : . • •; ; iCOULCyQtn'AL German. EXERCISE n. 1. Open the door. 2. Close the window. 3. Listen to me. 4. Look at it. 5. Whither do you wish to go ? 6. It is time to depart. 7. Is the car- riage there? 8. The horses are there, too. 9. Did you understand me? 10. Here I am. 11. Where are you? 12. She was here. 13. They were here, too. 14. It is I. 15. It is he. 16. It is they. 17. He was never there, nor I either. 18. Are those your parents? 19. Yes, they are. 20. Wait here a moment, I will be back immediately. 21. Who is there ? 22. It is we. 23. I do not know what is to be done. 24. It is all the same to me what you do. 25. Learn your lesson. 26. All right, if it is nothing more. 27. That is a different thing\ 28. Yesterday I was at his house^. 29. Have you seen him? 30. No, he was not at home, but he returned later. 31. It is still early, is it not'? 32. What is* it? 33. What is the news? 34. That is my affair, not yours. 35. He has not been there yet. 36. I have been' here now exactly three days. 37. You have been in Berlin, have you not? 38. I was there last year. 39. Who is that man ? 40. He is a friend of mine®. EXERCISE m. 1. What is the matter with you, pray? 2. How are you^? 3. How is he^? 4. He is not very well. 5. We shall have a fine day. 6. I was at' my uncle's. 7. I was there in his absence. 8. He was not then present, and he is now absent, 9, He is hungry and COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 3 thirsty, and I am cold. 10. I may be right or wrong, but it is all the same to me. 11. I should like to have more money, for that is my entire possession. 12. When he had great wealth, he had also many friends. 13. Will you be so kind as to give me that? 14. He had his coat on and his hat off. 15. We would rather remain. 16. Do you wish me to* open the window? 17. Will you please close the door? 18. He has his own horses and drives every day in his carriage. 19. To whom does that house belong? 20. It belongs to an insurance company. 21. We shall have a storm, let us go home. 22. Where is my silk hat ? EXERCISE IV. 1. What time is it? 2. Is dinner ready? 3. Is supper ready? 4. Do you wish to breakfast ? 5. Do you wish milk in your coffee^? 6. Will you have a cup of chocolate? 7. Will you come with me? 8. When shall we start? 9. Are'^ we to go with them? 10. I do not think so. 11. Speak not a word. 12. He is not at home. 13. There is no one there. 14. The table is not spread. 15. The meal is not yet ready. 16. Breakfast is served. 17. The carriage has arrived. 18. We must stop. 19. He has gone to bed. 20. I am dressed. 21. We went out early and returned late. 22. I am convinced of it. 23. I know it, surely. 24. It is she herself. 25. The horses are hitched up. 26. The carriage is ready. 27. It is still very early. 28. We have dined. 29. He lies yet in bed. 30. I never eat meat at evening. 31, In the morning I drink only coffee, 32. At what 4 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. time does the stagecoach start? 33. At half past three. 34. Have you been at the post office? 35. No, I was in the market hall. 36. Have you any letters for me? 37. There were none there. 38. What does that cost? 39. Three marks and a half. 40. Let us take a walk in the garden. 41. Give me a glass of water. 42. Beer is not so good as water. 43. Do what I tell you. EXERCISE V. 1. What is' "city" in' German? 2. What does that mean in German? 3. You did not understand me? 4. Yes, indeed^ 5. My dear friend, you speak too rapidly. 6. What did you say? 7. Speak more slowly, if you wish me* to understand you. 8. May I ask you to visit me? 9. Would you be so kind as to tell me whether your father is at home ? 10. I mis- understood you. 11. Please repeat your question. 12. I asked whether I should come again to-morrow. 13. I addressed that question to you. 14. I cannot tell you. 15. Answer my question. 16. I am wait- ing for your reply. 17. I shall not answer. 18. Do you speak German, and do you understand English? 19. Yes, but it gives^ me much trouble to speak French. 20. You speak already quite fluently. 21. Excuse me, you are mistaken. 22. The want of prac- tice is the cause® that you do not speak more fluently. 23. Yes, but I understand better than I speak. 24. You do not pronounce badly. 25. You have a good accent. 26. You do not pronounce distinctly enough. 27. Do not use that word. 28. That expression COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. g belongs to the language of familiar conversation. 29. That word is no longer in use, it is obsolete. 30. Listen to me, and have the kindness to correct me when I make mistakes. 31. I have heard that he has gone away. 32. You have been imposed upon, that is quite plain. EXERCISE VI. 1. I have a great mind to go to town. 2. He had a salary of a thousand dollars a year. 3. Ho, Charles! Are you not up yet? 4. Arise immedi- ately; it is already late, and the sun is^ high in the heavens. 5. Go to Henry's bedroom, perhaps he is still asleep. 6. I do not think so, but I will call him. 7. How late is it, then ? 8. Is it seven o'clock yet^? 9. The sun rose two hours ago, and you are not yet up. 10. I should like stilP to lie a little. 11. I have not yet had my sleep out. 12. You can go to bed very early to-night. 13. Open the window and let the fresh morning air come through the cur- tains into the room. 14. I will put on my shoes and my coat, then we can go down immediately. 15. Breakfast is ready, the bell has rung*. 16. I cannot lace my shoes, and I can't button my coat. 17. Well, I can wait for you no longer ; probably the breakfast is'' already on the table. 18. All right, go on^ I will be there immediately. 19. Well, we have break- fasted; now we will take a walk. 20. Not I; I have no desire to do so\ 21. O yes! Come along; you will enjoy yourself much, 22, No, I prefer to remain at home, 6 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. EXERCISE Vn. 1. It is growing dark. 2. Get ready to go out. 3. I cannot pull my boots on. 4. It is time to rise. 5. You must learn it by heart. 6. He stepped into the carriage. 7. I received your letter to-day. 8. Your letter was duly received. 9. We were in the reception room. 10. I could not rise. 11. He earns ten marks a week, but on Saturday night he has nothing left. 12. I cannot reach it. 13. As soon as we reach the place, we will visit him. 14. You de- serve punishment. 15. Does this deserve reward ? 16. I have earned all honestly. 17. I know well what I wish to say. 18. I have heard all that before. 19. You do not understand me rightly. 20. It was only a misunderstanding. 21. I believe you. 22. I think that you are right. I think that you are wrong. 23. I think that you are not right. 24. I may be mistaken, but I think the case has two sides. 25. I fear that you are mistaken. 26. I assure you, you are in error. 27. I beg your pardon. 28. I am right, and you are wrong. EXERCISE Vm. 1. I wished to consult with my father. 2. The Swiss costume is very pretty. 3. Do not remain standing on the platform. 4. They pointed their fingers at him\ 5. Make room for me. 6. I spent many an hour in Rome. 7. He had to see her and speak with her. 8. Sit down by me. 9. Sit a little farther off. 10. A balloon is not always manage- able. 11, You are a fine specimen! 12. Please COLLOQUIAL GERIVL^N. 7 give me a sample of this cloth. 13. He separated soon from his friend. 14. I saw all that before- hand. 15. Allow me a question. 16. He has taken up his residence in Detroit. 17. I can assure you of that. 18. The cashier has absconded with much money. 19. He is in arrest. 20. He has spent six years in prison. 21. Whom have I the honor to an- nounce? 22. Professor M. He is from Michigan, and is a professor in the university at Ann Arbor. 23. I am glad to make your acquaintance. 24. I rejoice at the thought of ^ a ride through this beauti- ful country. 25. There is no art store in this city, 26. Such a thing does not exist here. EXERCISE IX. 1. Arm in arm both went towards the house. 2. They felt that they had acted rightly. 3. I am so accustomed to it. 4. The rich, beautiful maiden attracted the aristocratic lady. 5. He was angry with his mother. 6. She had made her appear- ance in public as a singer. 7. She made her first appearance as Margaret. 8. She asked me to take a seat. 9. I awake at five o'clock in the morning. 10. At my father's wish I have made a journey to far distant lands. 11. May I trouble you? 12. He went straight against his instructions. 13. The professor's lectures are well attended. 14. He approached the large street door. 15. I saw my cousin ( f . ) , as I was going along the street. 16. We were going along on the coast of the sea. 17. Who would have thought that of this man? 8 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 18. I have done a fine business. 19. To-morrow evening a concert will be given for the benefit of the actor. 20. The youth is not to be blamed for^ doing so. 21. He bowed and went away. 22. I bind my- self to do it within six days. 23. They went up and down in the walk. 24. We gave a joyous banquet to our friends. 25. He went by way of Detroit to Chi- cago. 26. How far is it from Detroit to Chicago ? EXERCISE X. 1. Where does the lad stay all the year? 2. He is attending the state military academy at Orchard Lake, but after he has passed his final examinations he will go to the university. 3. My friend failed because he did not study diligently. 4. What has become of your son? 5. He has become a lawyer. 6. What will become of me? 7. Out of nothing nothing comes\ 8. .What has happened? 9. That word seldom occurs in conversational language. 10. The parade passed off in the best order. 11. The mist is rising from the hills. 12. He comes from a noble race. 13. He has taken up his work again. 14. I have begun the work anew. 15. You may begin. 16. I am only a beginner. 17. The actress appeared upon the stage for the first time. 18. Who began first? 19. My sister began to sing. 20. They began a second game of whist. 21. He grew up here in New York. 22. Night is coming on fast. 23. The walls of the barracks w^ere overgrown with moss. 24. Write that word with a capital. 25. It became ^ h^-bit with us^ to take a walk every day. COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. . 9 EXERCISE XI. 1. What o'clock is it? 2. What time have you? 3. At what time ? 4. At ten o'clock in the morning. 5. At nine o'clock sharp. 6. It is a quarter after nine. 7. It is half past three. 8. It is a quarter to three. 9. It wants fifteen minutes of eleven. 10. It will be two immediately. 11. It is not yet quite two. 12. It is about eight o'clock. 13. It will strike twelve immediately. 14. It has just struck. 15. What did it strike? 16. Six o'clock. 17. I rise very early. 18. I arose this morning at four o'clock. 19. A day has twenty-four hours. 20. This year is a leap year. 21. My friend (f. ) comes once every fortnight. 22. Three weeks ago yesterday I was in Boston. 23. What month is it^ ? 24. This is the nineteenth cen- tury after Christ. 25. It happened in the year 1889. 26. Six months ago she was in the United States. 27. Yesterday afternoon I was in Cologne ; to-morrow forenoon I shall be in Hanover. 28. Towards the end of the month I shall start for California. 29. His monthly pay amounts to twelve hundred marks. 30. What are you going to do day after to-morrow? 31. He will come in four weeks. 32. When the day began to dawn, I arose immediately. EXERCISE Xn. 1. What kind of weather shall we have to-morrow ? 2. There is not a cloud in the sky ; that betokens fine weather. 3. The sun dissipated the thick mist, and shone bright. 4. Vapors are rising from the plain, and the wind has suddenly changed. 5. How blue 10 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. the sky looks. 6. The wind comes from the east, the direction for rain\ and it looks uncertain. 7. The weather is gloomy and unsettled, but to-morrow it will be pleasant. 8. According to the weather vane a stiff north wind is blowing. 9. I fear if the wind ceases, we shall have rain. 10. Yesterday it rained all day, and some large drops are falling already again. 11. It is raining at some distance, but here the rain will soon cease. 12. The rain has laid the dust. 13. I had no umbrella; I stepped under a tree, and was wet through and through. 14. The roads are very muddy, but the wind is drying the pave- ment. 15. It is scorching hot; I am almost stifled with^ heat. 16. It lightens and thunders. 17. The lightning has struck a house. 18. Many trees were thrown down, and the hail greatly injured the grain. 19. The hailstones were as large as hen's eggs. 20. It has frozen hard. 21. The lake is frozen over. 22. The ice is quite thick ; it already bears one, but it is very slippery. 23. It is snowing hard, and the branches of the trees are laden already with snow. 24. To-day it is thawing' ; the snow is melting, and the ice is breaking up. 25. The river has overflowed, and an inundation is feared. 26. It is supposed that at least five thousand persons found their death in the inundation at Johnstown, Pennsylvania, in the year 1889. EXERCISE Xni. 1. Do I disturb you, dear friend? 2. By no means; I am very glad to see you. 3. Be so kind as COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. H to take a seat; I have a word to say to you. 4. I have no time, I am in a great hurry. Good-bye! 5. I have the honor to bid you good day. 6. Fare- well! 7. Remember me to your brother, and give my regards to your mother. 8. O, my watch has stopped ; I forgot to wind it. 9. What time^ is it by^ your watch? 10. I think my watch is a little slow. 11. I beg your pardon, it is, on the contrary, eight min- utes fast. 12. There is a draught here. 13. It looks like* rain. 14. We will go under shelter, if you fear getting wet. 15. It is muddy in the street, we will take a cab. 16. Let us go over to the other side. 17. How old are you? 18. I am thirty-five years old, but my brother is going on* sixty. 19. He is older than he looks. 20. My oldest sister is sixteen, but my youngest brother is of age. 21. He is tall for his age ; when is his birthday ? 22. How old do you take him to be ? 23. He is fully forty years of age. 24. I am** six feet one inch. 25. I have dark eyes and a straight nose. 26. This lady has a bloom- ing complexion and large blue eyes. 27. She has a dimple in each cheek, and her teeth are beautiful and regular. 28. Who is the husband of this woman? 29. Her husband has been® dead a long time; he was related to us. EXEBCISE XrV. 1. Some one is knocking. Come in! 2. Good morning, my friend. How are you ? 3. Thank you, pretty well. How are you ? 4. Are all well at your home^? 5. My wife has been a little indisposed ; she 12 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. had taken cold, but she has entirely recovered, and day after to-morrow we start for Germany. 6. Ah, is that so ? For that you need much money ; that is positively necessary. 7. Four years ago I suffered a great loss ; but the loss was not irreparable, and since that time I have gained much. 8. I have carried on a profitable trade in'^ silks. 9. In this way I have acquired half a million. 10. By' what steamer do you sail? 11. We sail on the steamship Elbe, of the North German Lloyd Steamship Company. 12. That is the best steamship line between New York and Germany. 13. What is the cost of pas- sage? 14. First cabin costs from New York to Bremen from four hundred to seven hundred marks, according to location. 15. Return tickets can be had at reduced prices. 16. The steamship leaves promptly at six o'clock Saturday morning. 17. The captain's name is Meyer. 18. In how many days does the ship make the trip? 19. How long does the passage take*? 20. If the wind is favorable, we shall be on the sea seven or eight days. 21. The ship can accom- modate three hundred first-cabin passengers. 22. I advise you to secure a berth at once. 23. What is the best place ? 24. The best place is in the middle of the ship. 25. Register my name, and give me a ticket. 26. Do not fail to come on board before six o'clock. 27. The ship sails at the appointed time. 28. It will be better for^ you to send your baggage on board this evening. 29. The sea is rough; do you become seasick? 30. Yes, the rolling of the ship makes me sick. COLLOQUIAL GERIVIAN. 13 EXERCISE XV. 1. We will remain on deck, for it is somewhat close below. 2. How quickly we cut through the waters! 3. We shall soon be at the mouth of the Weser. 4. Can we land at Bremerhaven ? 5. Yes, we shall run in there and land at the pier. 6. See! A custom's ship is coming to meet us. 7.1 have nothing dutiable. 8. We shall disembark within two hours. 9. Who sees to taking our baggage to the hotel ? 10. Where are you going to stay? 11. I shall not remain in this city, I shall drive at once to the station. 12. They are very strict in^ the examination of trunks. 13. If you have anything dutiable you should declare it at once. 14. I have only necessary things, all for my own use — linen, clothing, a few books, and the like. 15. All baggage is taken to the customhouse. 16. We will go there, we have not long to wait. 17. Those are my things. 18. This trunk, that traveling bag, this box, and that hatbox are mine. 19. Have you no pirated editions ? No, they are all original editions. 20. Open your trunk, please. 21. Here is the key, do it yourself. 22. Please do not throw everything upside down. 23. Things that have been used'* and articles necessary for travel are free of duty. 24. You must pay duty on this, or I must take it from you. 25. That, however, is prohibited, and I am obliged to confiscate it. 26. If you wish to get it again, you must apply to the collector of customs. 27. In this box I have mostly trifles. 28. Be careful in examining; there are fragile things in it. 29. I had merchandise in my trunk, and had to pay duty. 14 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 30. How much did you pay? 31. The duty amounted to ten per cent, of the value. EXERCISE XVI. 1. Where is the station? 2. Around the corner, in that street. 3. The first train to Bremen will depart immediately. 4. I thought it had gone already. 5. This omnibus goes to the station; let us get in. 6. No, we will take a cab; we shall go faster. 7. Driver, to the station! 8. Drive on, coachman! I should not like to miss the train. 9. Here we are at the station; let's get out quickly. 10. Have you got your tickets yet? 11. No. Where do you get tickets for Bremen? 12. The ticket office is on the other side. 13. Is the office open? 14. Are you going first-class? 15. Yes. The fares are moderate, and the coaches are comfortable. 16. Second-class is good, but the express has only first-class. 17. Two tickets, first-class, to Bremen! 18. How much^? Ten marks. 19. Where are you going? 20. I am going to Berlin. 21. Have you baggage? 22. Have you had your baggage weighed and checked^ ? 23. Where is the baggage room? 24. How many kilograms free? 25. Have you got your check'^? 26. I have attended to all that. 27. Where is the wait- ing room ? 28. The first-class waiting room is at the left. 29. Show your ticket to the doorkeeper and go in; I will be with you again in ten minutes. 30. How much free baggage do you allow here? 31. Only twenty-five kilograms, and you have an excess to the amount of six marks'. 32. Here (is some- COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 16 thing) for your trouble. 33. Here is your gratuity. 34. Thank you very much. 35. Is that our train? 36. Yes, that is the express for Bremen. 37. I hope they will soon open the door of the waiting room. 38. All aboard, for Bremen 1 39. Hurry, so that we may get good places. 40. We will take our seats in the same compartment. 41. Not in this compartment; this is a smoking car. 42. We will get into a com- partment which is not for smokers*. 43. Smoking in this compartment is forbidden. EXERCJISE XVn. 1. Do you prefer to ride^ backwards or forwards? 2. I prefer the back seats, but it is comfortable sit- ting^ on the front seats*. 3. Here, sir! Get into this compartment. 4. The train will start in a moment; hurry up! 5. I will take these small parcels into the car with me ; I can lay them under the seat. 6. I will take my hand bag with me into the car. 7. The conductor has just given the signal for departure. 8. They are ringing the bell for the third time. 9. The locomotive whistles ; we are going to start. 10. The train that leaves at seven o'clock stops at no inter- mediate station*. 11. Show me your tickets, please. 12. The conductor asks for the tickets. 13. Have*^ your tickets ready for the conductor. 14. Close the car door. 15. Will you lower the window ? 16. You must not lean out of the* window. 17. Would you like to change seats with me? 18. Very much; we shall then both sit more comfortable. 19. Where can I put my valise ? 20. Up there in the rack. 21. There 16 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. isn't much room' in these coaches. 22. Put the umbrella in the rack. 23. It may fall out, the rack is already full. 24. A little air will do us good, may I open the coach window? 25. Are we far from the locomotive? 26. No, the train is not long; besides the tender and the baggage car there are only three coaches between us and the locomotive. 27. We shall soon pass over a viaduct. 28. Here is a down grade, and the road makes a curve ; I hope the train will not jump the track. 29. In fact, we are going with ex- traordinary speed, but accidents seldom happen on this line. EXERCISE XVin. 1. There is a draught here ; allow me to close the window. 2. The draught does not inconvenience me at all, but my wife cannot stand it. 3. Railroad acci- dents happen sometimes in Europe ; yesterday in Bavaria two express trains collided. 4. It was a frightful collision. 5. The switchman made a mis- take and brought the train on the wrong track. 6. Such a collision is here impossible, since there are* two tracks on the whole road. 7. The railway com- pany has built a double track. 8. Do they have the air brake in Germany? 9. Yes, and they use also a self-acting railway brake. 10. Did you ever ride through a tunnel? 11. Yes, indeed, and also through deep cuts. 12. Why is the train stopping here? 13. This is the place where we meet the train from Bremen. 14. What is the name of this town ? 15. Did you hear the name of this station? 16. No; it is only a stopping place for freight trains. 17. Do COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 17 you know how long we stop here ? 18. How long do we stop at'* this station? 19. Ten minutes stop! 20. Then we will get out. 21. Where is the refreshment room ? 22. On the other side, at the right. 23. Do not cross the track. 24. We must not get out until the train has entirely stopped. 25. The engine is taking water. 26. The train is somewhat late. 27. Conductor, where do we change cars' ? 28. Are you going direct to Berlin ? 29. Is there no change of cars? 30. We are waiting here for the train from Berlin*. 31. Please let me see* your time-table a moment? 32. Is this the latest time-table ? 33. In a quarter of an hour the train ought to be here. 34. In the meantime we will step into the refreshment room and take a cup of coffee. 35. At the last station we had no time to take anything. EXERCISE XIX. 1. All aboard for Berlin! 2. Be quick! We are going to leave at once. 3. Where is my compart- ment ? I cannot find it again. 4. You should notice the number of the coach; it is the fifth. 5. You can- not go on the train which is about to arrive. 6. Why not, pray? 7. Because that train is an express which takes^ only first-class passengers. 8. You have a second-class ticket; if you wish to go with us, you must get a supplementary ticket. 9. Where can I get it^ ? 10. At the office yonder, at the right ; but you must hurry, the train has already been signaled. 11. Gentlemen, it is not allowed to stand on the plat- form, 12, Will you please get away from the track? 18 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. The train will arrive in a moment. 13. We have five minutes yet to wait, we will go into the waiting room. 14. Here comes the train. 15. Conductor, three places for Berlin! 16. Go farther down; in these coaches there are no more. 17. Let us go farther up; everything is taken here. 18. There is one more seat in this compartment, but it is unpleas- ant to sit so crowded. 19. The next station is Berlin. 20. We are at the station. 21. We are already at the Frederick street station. 22. The conductor is shouting, "All changed" 23. Where does one get one's baggage? 24. The porters are all numbered; give your check to a porter, he will see to it. 25. Porter, here is my check; bring me my baggage. 26. I have two valises and a trunk. 27. Coachman, put the trunk on the box, and drive me to the hotel. 28. Can you recommend to me a hotel in Berlin? 29. The Kaiserhof is a first-class hotel. 30. Do you know a good second-class hotel with moderate prices ? 31. Where are you going to put up ? 32. I am going to stay over night at the Central Hotel, opposite the station. 33. You will find good accommodations in that hotel. 34. If you are going to stay at the Kaiserhof, it would be better to take a cab. 35. I am going on foot, for the hotel is not far from the station. EXERCISE XX. 1. In the largest of the Berlin hotels one finds elevators, restaurants, cafes^ post and telegraph ofiices, railway ticket ofiice, and baggage transporta- tion office. 2. If the servants are not polite and COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 19 attentive, one should complain of them\ 3. I wish to see the landlord. 4. Have you unoccupied rooms? 5. We wish a sitting room and two sleeping rooms. 6. I wish a front room in the second* story. 7. I do not like this room ; it opens on the court and the view is not pretty. 8. Show me another room, a brighter one. 9. I wish a room at six marks, service and all included. 10. I am alone, I need only a sleeping room. 11. Where are you living ? 12. I am living with Mrs. S., 27 King's street, on the third floor. 13. We wish three rooms in the third story. 14. The waiter will show you up immediately. 15. Waiter, show me the rooms. 16. This room does not suit me, haven't you others vacant? 17. There is not an unoccupied room in the whole house ; all are taken. 18. I will take the room with two beds, in the first story. 19. What does the room cost a day? 20. Can I speak with the landlord ? I would like to rent it by the day. 21. Have my things brought up. 22. Where is the bell? 23. The bell does not ring. 24. You need only to push on the button. 25. At what time do you dine at table d^hotef 26. When is table d'hote? 27. Proniptly at six o'clock. 28. We will dine at table d'^hote; reserve two places for us. EXERCISE XXI. 1. At what time does the morning express go to Dtisseldorf ? 2.1 am going on that train. 3. How much do you have to pay for the sleeper^ ? 4. Here is my baggage ; to what does the excess amount ? It is going to Halle. 5. Please give me my check, I wish to 20 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. go into the refreshment room. 6. Where is a com- partment for smokers? 7. That is a compartment for women. 8. In this compartment there is no more room, everything is taken. 9. We are going by the first train. 10. The incoming train stops here only five minutes. 11. Where does this train go? 12. Is this the train for Dresden? 13. We have been waiting for a quarter of an hour; can't one get on yet? 14. Which is the train for Hanover? 15. When does the train arrive in Bonn? 16. Does our train stop in Leipsic? 17. How long does the train stop in Cologne? 18. Does this train go direct to Munich? 19. No, but there is a through coach to Vienna. 20. Does this train make connection in Frankfort for'^ Mayence? 21. We have purchased round-trip tickets to Coblentz. 22. I have no time to get a ticket, what shall I do ? 23. This compart- ment is for those who do not smoke ; it is not allowed to smoke here. 24. Shall we soon be in Hamburg? 25. Sir, I have had this place all the way from Cassel'; you must vacate the seat. 26. Have a glass of water and a slice of bread and butter brought to the car. 27. Get me something to eat. 28. The conductor took my ticket just before departing. 29. Conductor, you punched my ticket at the last station. 30. I have lost my ticket, or you kept it the first time*. 31. Where must I change ? 32. You do not have to change until you reach Heidelberg^. 33. Please do not forget to tell me w^hen we are there. 34. Where do they change cars®? 35. The train that has just left is an excursion train for Weimar. COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 21 36. Have you a railroad map of Germany? 37. I am traveling on business, but you are traveling for pleasure. EXERCISE XXn. 1. Where is the depot ? 2. Can one ride there on the street cars ? 3. From which station do you go to Vienna? 4. At which station does the train from Hanover arrive ? 5. Can you tell me how far it is to the station? 6. A half hour's walk\ but only ten minutes by the street cars. 7. An omnibus line, too, runs there. 8. If you wish to go by the tramway, you must wait for the street car at the stopping place. 9. Where is this omnibus going? 10. Does this omnibus go through Linden street? 11. What omni- bus do I take for^ the German Theater? 12. Give me a transfer to the Zoological Garden. 13. Where must I change? 14. Sir, will you be so kind as to move along a little? 15. Is there another seat on top? 16. There are two places inside, will you go in ? 17. No, we will go up on the top. 18. Conductor, stop at Charles street, please ; I wish to get off there. 19. Have the driver stop here, I wish to get out; I have some business to attend to here. 20. Your fare, please! 21. Let me off at Opera Square. 22. Be careful not to fall. 23. Now we will go back to the hotel. 24. Sir, have you a passport? 25. Please write your name and occupation in the register. 26. Are you acquainted here ? 27. No, but I have letters of introduction to the American Ambassador and to the Consul. 28. The police supervision is now very strict ; you must provide yourself with a passport, if 22 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. you intend to remain here for some time. 29. I am rooming for the present in a hotel, but next week I shall move into private apartments. 30. We shall rent a furnished room. 31. I have rented a summer residence in the mountains. 32. I shall spend all the summer there. 33. The surrounding country is beautiful. EXERCISE XXni. 1. Are you going to pass the summer in* the coun- try, or here in the city? 2. We intend to remain two months in Berlin ; therefore, we wish to rent a room in a private hotel. 3. In Berlin it is difficult to get dwelling rooms and sleeping rooms at moderate prices. 4. There are in Berlin several family board- ing houses, or, as they are called in Berlin, Pensio- nate, 5. In these boarding houses you pay from five to eight marks a day, or from one hundred to two hundred marks a month. 6. Sir, be so kind as to follow me. 7. Here is your room, please step in. 8. Please give me the key to my room, I will leave^ it in the door. 9. Have the chambermaid bring me fresh water and a light at once. 10. Is that filtered water, or water from the waterworks? 11. We drink mostly Seltzer water, mineral water, or water with a little wine. 12. Shall I bring you a bottle of wine? 13. What does it cost a bottle' ? 14. Three, four, five, and six marks, according to* the quality. 15. Thank you; bring me rather a decanter of ice water. 16. There are no glasses here, and no towels ; tell the chambermaid to^ bring some. 17. How can one call the waiter ? 18, Pull this cord* 19, When COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 23 do you wish to be called in the morning? 20. The porter is to awaken us at six o'clock. 21. Brush out this commode ; it is not clean. 22. The bed seems hard and is poorly made. 23. Will you put another blanket on the bed, and set the match box on the table? 24. Shall I strike a light ? 25. The servant can make the room in my absence. EXERCISE XXIV. 1. If any one asks for me, say that I have gone to the exposition, and shall not be back until late\ 2. If any one asks for me, say that I shall be home again at seven o'clock. 3. I am at home to no one^; I wish to rest a little. 4. Can I speak to Mr. B. ? 5. You must wait for the proper time to make a call. 6. Announce me, please. 7. Have I the honor of speak- ing with Mr. B. ? 8. Sir, two Americans have in- quired for you; they left no cards, and I could not retain their names. 9. They will call on you again to-morrow morning. 10. I should like to know who can have come already, immediately on my arrival. 11. Have you made out my bill? 12. How much is® my bill ? 13. Did you charge the wine in my bill ? 14. There must be an error here ; we have had no wine. 15. On the fifteenth of next month I am going to move. 16. These rooms are too high-priced. 17. Is breakfast ready ? 18. Will you breakfast with us? 19. Do you prefer tea for breakfast, or coffee? 20. I drink coffee without cream and sugar, but my friend takes both in his*. 21. May I offer you another cup? 22. My coffee is not sweet enough, 24 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. shall I help myself? 23. May I ask you for an egg? 24. I would like to have a biscuit or a roll. 25. Will you be so kind as to pass me the ham? 26. Please give me a little bit more. 27. Do you like chocolate ? 28. What have you for breakfast ? 29. We have fruits, cold fowl, chocolate, tea, and coffee. 30. Can we have a lunch at any time of day? 31. Waiter, bring another knife, fork, spoon, and two napkins. EXERCISE XXV. 1. This chicken is excellent; it is neither too fat nor too lean. 2. Would you like a wing or a leg ? 3. If you will allow me, I will eat some of this fruit. 4. Certainly ! Take what you like without ceremony. 5. After I have breakfasted, I shall walk awhile. 6. Will you go along ? The weather is so beautiful. 7. Waiter, these shoes are wet; have the porter dry them and black them. 8. Will you also brush my clothes? 9. Which do you like best, peaches, pears, apples, cherries, apricots, oranges, or grapes? 10. I like them all ; I like, also, currants, raspberries, black- berries, huckleberries, and strawberries. 11. Try this wine ; it is six years old and of the best quality. 12. Thank you, I have eaten and drunk enough. I will taste the wine another time. 13. Very well, I will go to my room and dress ; then we will go out at once. 14. Waiter, you may take away the things and wipe off the table. 15. To-morrow we will make a little excursion into the country, but to-day we will see the sights of the city. 16. We will visit the art collections and the museums, 17, First of alP we COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 25 shall visit the renowned royal museums and the National Gallery. 18. There are, also, many theaters and places of amusement in Berlin. 19. Will you ride, drive, or go on foot ? 20. We will take a first- class cab; it costs only a mark and a half^ by the hour. 21. Help me in^ 22. Coachman, drive us to Leipsic street. 23. Set me down at the corner of William street. 24. Help me out*. 25. Stop at Opera Square; I must attend to an errand ^ EXERCISE XXVI. 1. Does this street go to the Old Museum? 2. Which is the nearest way to the post office? 3. There must be some letters for me at the post office. 4. Is this the office for letters held until called for^? 5. Across the court, straight ahead! 6. Are there poste restante letters here for Mr. L. ? 7. You must prove your identity; have you a passport? 8. Please send the letters and papers that come for me to my residence, Bellevue street, number eleven, second floor. 9. The postman has just brought a letter for you; twenty pfennigs due. 10. But it is postpaid, how comes that? 11; The postage was insufficient, and the charge on letters with insufficient post- age is the same as^ on letters not prepaid. 12. If you please, five twenty pfennig stamps^. 13. The postage for a registered letter is twenty-five pfennigs extra. 14. There is an additional charge of twenty- five pfennigs upon registered letters*. 15. Please register this letter for Dresden. 16. I would like to have this letter registered. 17. When is the National 26 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. Gallery open to the public? 18. This morning I re- ceived an admission ticket for to-day's session of the Reichstag. 19. To whom have I to apply to obtain admission ? 20. Does one need a ticket of admission to see the royal castle? 21. I have been out for a long time; I have been running around the city all day, and now I am going home. 22. The walk to the post office has given** me an appetite. EXERCISE XXVn. 1. Here we are at home. 2. Before we dine, I must write a letter to my friend in Vienna, 3. Waiter, bring me writing materials — paper, pen, ink, envelopes, and inkstand. 4. Here is no penholder, and I prefer steel pens. 5. Waiter, will you do an errand for me ? You may buy for me a quire of writing paper, at the stationer's around the corner. 6. You have no blotting paper; use this. 7. On what days do letters arrive from America? 8. I have finished writing the letter; take it to the post office for me. 9. Until how late can one mail letters which are to go out to-day ? 10. I wonder if my old friend B. is in Berlin. This letter is from him; I recognize the handwriting. 11. Yes, he is living in Potsdam street. 12. I have lost my paper cutter and my paper weight. 13. My friend has given me a beautiful waste-paper basket. 14. I do not write rapidly, but plainly. 15. You have written the word incorrectly. 16. In fact, the whole sentence is wrong. 17. Let me have a sheet of letter paper. 18. I will write down what you have said. COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 27 19. Take a copy of this letter, before I send it to the post office. 20. I will write to him by return mail\ 21. Why did he not write out these words? 22. I wrote the letter in great haste; one can scarcely read it. 23. Wait a moment, I have not yet written the address. 24. How long is a letter on the way from here to Italy ? 25. At what time does the post office close? EXERCISE XXVin. 1. Dinner must now be ready. 2. Be so kind as to take a seat near me. 3. Would you like a little soup ? 4. The soup is excellent, I beg you for a little more. 5. Do you drink red wine or white wine ? 6. Thank you, I drink no wine and no beer. 7. Will you have a piece of this roast beef ? 8. It looks very tender. 9. Do you eat no vegetables with your meat? 10. Will you pass me the mashed potatoes? 11. I will carve the chicken. 12. I beg you for the gravy. 13. May I give you some of the dressing? 14. Will you be so kind as to give me a little of the lean meat? 15. The cauliflower looks inviting. 16. Your friend eats little. 17. The dinner tasted excel- lent to me. 18. Waiter, change the plates, bring other knives, forks, and dessert spoons. 19. After- wards you may bring the dessert. 20. I beg you for a piece of bread and some butter. 21. I beg you for a little bread and butter. 22. Shall I pare your apple for you ? 23. Is this roast to^ your taste ? 24. Can one dine in one's room ? 25. What does it cost for table d^hote^f 26. How many places have you re- served for us? 27. What do you call this dish? as COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 28. Will you bring me the bill of fare and the list of wines? 29. In the eating houses one can dine d la carte or at fixed prices. 30. At a fixed price one gets soup, three or four dishes according to choice, dessert, as much bread as one likes^, and a bottle of wine. EXERCISE XXIX. 1. In this restaurant are many people, but yonder in the corner, at the left, is a table with two comfort- able seats that are not occupied. 2. Waiter, to-day's menu ! All right, sir ! 3. Do you wish no fish ? No fish. 4. Do you like your meat well roasted or rare? 5. Let me give you a piece of this roast. 6. If you please\ 7. How do you find the roast? 8. You have given me too much. 9. Please give me only half of that, a small piece is sufficient. 10. Here is salt, pepper, vinegar and oil; make the salad. 11. What kind of dessert shall we take? 12. Which do you prefer, beer or wine? 13. Neither^ 14. I will draw the cork with this corkscrew. 15. May I pour out a glass of wine for you? 16. Pour a little water in it'. 17. Ladies, I drink to your health ! 18. Pour out a glass of water for me. 19. How many courses do you have for dinner at this hotel? 20. Waiter, bring us the bill; can you make change? 21. You gave me twenty marks. The bill is twelve marks, hence you receive back eight marks. 22. Will you change a ten-mark piece for me, and give me some small change? 23. Here is the receipted bill. 24. The tea is too weak and the coffee too strong. 25. I must add a little water. 26. Take another cup of COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 29 tea. 27. I never drink more than one cup. 28. Can one get here some cold meat for* supper? 29. I would like a few oysters. 30. I like cucumbers, both fresh and pickled. EXERCISE XXX. 1. He has kept three places for us, and we engaged only two. 2. Sir, have you given your order? 3. Yes, waiter, I ordered a beefsteak of you a long time ago^. 4. I did not order that ; bring us, please, what we order. 5. I eat white bread and brown bread. 6. I eat stewed meat, fried meat, and roast meat. 7. We eat roast beef, smoked beef, salt meat, sirloin of beef, veal cutlets, sweet bread, mutton chops, pork, salt pork, sausages, turkey, and chicken. 8. Do you like eggs hard boiled or soft? 9. We like omelets and sandwiches. 10. I like also jellies, preserves, ices, and ice cream. 11. What kind of ice cream do you wish, lemon or vanilla ? 12. What kind of vege- tables do you eat? 13. I eat beans, carrots, beats, turnips, potatoes, green peas, and radishes. 14. Do you wish coffee with milk? 15. No, I wish cream; but my friend takes no cream. 16. What kinds of ice cream have you ? 17. Have you read the morning papers? 18. What news isHhere in them ? 19. Are the evening papers out^ yet ? 20. I have read yester- day's paper, but not to-day's. 21. Is* there a review of the new play in to-day's paper? 22. Have you American newspapers? 23. Read this editorial on foreign affairs. 24. Here, waiter, is your fee. 25. Waiters receive no pay from the employer. 26. Yesterday I was up late; I usually remain up late." 30 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 27. This evening I must go to bed early. 28. Now I must go home ; I wish you a good night's rest*. EXERCISE XXXI. 1. Here is a telegram for you, sir. 2. I wish to answer immediately by telegram. 3. Where is the nearest telegraph office? 4. Quite near\ in Cook street. 5. Can I wi:ite my dispatch in the office ? 6. Can one telegraph to Rome in German? 7. How many words may a simple dispatch contain ? 8. Is it allowed to telegraph in cipher? 9. What does a simple dispatch to Munich cost ? 10. How much does a dispatch of twenty words cost? 11. Are the punc- tuation marks counted? 12. No, but the address of the one addressed and the signature of the sender are counted. 13. Will the message be sent out to-day? 14. I would like to have a thousand francs paid by telegraph* to a gentleman in Paris. 15. Here is his address and the telegram. 16. I beg you for a receipt. 17. Can I send a cablegram to Detroit, Michigan, in America? 18. I would like to speak by telephone with a friend; where is a public telephone office? 19. We have a telephone here in the house. 20. The list of possessors of telephones lies here. 21. His number is five hundred thirty-six. 22. Call up the central to have the desired connection made. 23. Hello, central! I wish to speak with five hundred thirty-six. 24, The telephone is a wonderful invention. EXERCISE XXXn. 1. Where is there^ a banker? 2. Can I get my money changed there^? 3. Where is the nearest COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 31 exchange office? 4. At' Killer's; he does a large banking business. 5. In what street is his place of business? 6. In Behren street, straight ahead. 7. Where can I exchange my money most advantage- ously? 8. I wish to exchange American money for Gennan money. 9. What do you give on a dollar*? 10. I have a draft on you. 11. I have a sight draft for* five hundred marks on your house. 12. Please give me two hundred fifty marks in bank notes, one hundred marks in gold, and the rest I would like to deposit on call. 13. Give me, please, bank notes; mostly tens, fives, and ones. 14. I have no money with me, but I am expecting some every day. 15. What is a dollar worth* here? 16. Sir, that piece is counterfeit; we will not take it. 17. Please give me small change for two marks. 18. I have a letter of credit; will you give me, please, three hundred marks on it? 19. I have a draft from your correspondent in Paris. 20. Do you wish it cashed immediately? 21. Here is your money, sir; see if it is right. 22. This bill of exchange is not yet due, but I will dis- count it. 23. What is the rate of discount'? 24. That bill of exchange is payable at sight, but this is payable ten days after sight. 25. It shall be accepted. 26. It shall be honored. EXERCISE XXXm. 1. Have you been at the banker's? 2. No; but I was at^ the exchange. 3. Was the market dull or brisk? 4. Railroad stocks have fallen much, but bank stock has risen. 5. The great banking house of 32 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. Lehmann & Bauer has failed. 6. The millionaire Hiller has become bankrupt. 7. The firm is insolvent and has stopped payment. 8. Their liabilities amount to about half a million. 9. He has given^ me a note for seven hundred marks, on a year's time'. 10. I must raise some money and take up my note. 11. Make* me out a receipt. 12.. I have been at the banker's to draw some money. 13. Will you please make me out a draft on the house of Drexel & Co., New York? 14. Here we are at the jeweler's; I bought a stem- winder of him, and it does not. keep good time**; it gains a minute a day. 15. My watch has run down ; I think the mainspring is broken. 16. I will have it wound, cleaned, and regulated. 17. This watch has excellent works. 18. This watch key does not fit my watch. 19. Will you repair my watch? 20. The hour hand is broken, and the works are out of order. 21. The case is of silver, but the chain is of gold. 22. I wish to buy a bracelet and a diamond ring. 23. This stone is genuine and the pearls are real, too ; but these earrings and bracelets are imitation. EXERCISE XXXIV. 1. A few buttons are wanting on my coat, and the seam has ripped in two places. 2. Where is there a tailor who does mending^? 3. I wish, also, to have these shoes fixed. 4. Where does the shoemaker live ? He is to put new soles on these shoes, and repair the heels. 5. Will you take my measure, and make me a pair of shoes? 6. Make the shoes somewhat easy over the instep. 7. I wish fine leather for the COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 33 uppers, and thick soles^ 8. Make them according to the fashion, neither pointed nor square, and not with high heels. 9. I would like to have a pair of pumps made. 10. I wish them to fit exactly, but not to pinch. 11. These shoes are too tight; make the others so that they will be comfortable'. 12. Sir, you will be satisfied with me ; I will serve you according to your desire*. 13. There comes the tailor, do you wish to see him? 14. Yes, have him come in. 15. Have you samples of fine cloth? 16. What color do you wish? 17. I wish French cloth of good quality, and I prefer blue. 18. This cloth is fine, smooth, and durable; how much is it a yard? 19. Make me a pair of trousers, two vests, and a coat. 20. Take my measure for*^ a suit. 21. I must have them, without fail, on Friday. 22. Send them to my residence for me. 23. I will try on the trousers and the coat. 24. The trousers fit me^ well, but the coat is too tight under the arms, does not fit in the waist', and does not sit well here. 25. Those are slight defects ; one can easily remedy them. 26. The fashion changes often; trousers are not worn so wide now as three months ago. EXEBCISE XXXV. 1. Are you the laundress? 2. I have some soiled linen to give you. 3. I have made a little parcel of it, and have written out the list. 4. The collars, cuffs, and shirts must be white and well ironed. 5. Bring back the washing promptly at six o'clock Wednesday evening, without fail, because I intend to go ^way iinmediately thereafter, 6 . Also, bring the 34 COLLOQIHAL GERMAN. bill at the same time; I will pay it. 7. Has the laundress brought back my linen ? 8. Yes, I laid it on a chair in your room. 9. Are there bathrooms* here in the house ? 10. I should like to take a warm bath; cold baths I do not like. 11. I wish to bathe at once; how warm is'^ the water? 12. Here is a bath- ing gown and two towels. 13. There are several swimming schools in the city, but I have neither the time nor the desire to learn to swim. 14. I look sick, and in fact I am not well. 15. I do not know what is the matter with me. 16. Do you know an American physician? 17. I wish to send for' him. 18. Is there a drug store in the vicinity of the hotel ? 19. Yes, at the end of the street. 20. I do not like to take medicine, I hope it will not be serious*. 21. Here is a barber's shop ; I will step in and have my hair** cut. 22. All right, I will wait for you in Cafe Bauer. 23. Hair cut, please! 24. Cut my hair, please. 25. Shave me. 26. I wish to be shaved^ 27. Shave my whole face'. 28. Leave^ only my mustache. 29. My beard is harsh and my face some- what tender; take your sharpest razor. 30. Your razor is not sharp enough, it pulls'. 31. How much"? EXERCISE XXXVI. 1. Excuse me, how do I get to^ Dorothy street? 2. Go one block straight ahead, then it is the first street at the right. 3. Does this street lead to the castle ? 4. It does not lead there ; you are going in the opposite direction. 5. Which is the nearest way to the ethnological museum ? 6, Turn about and take COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 35 the first street on the left. 7. I am not acquainted with'^ this part of the city ; is this the way to Belle Alliance Square ? 8. How far is it from here to the Tiergarten? 9. About a half hour's walk; go up this street, and turn to the right. 10. How do you go from here to' the opera house? 11. You cannot miss the way; go down this street, then to the left. 12. Unter den Linden is a very busy street. 13. Let us go over to the other side. 14. Let us go across. 15. Let us go over the pavement. 16. We will cross the castle bridge. 17. The sidewalks in Berlin are good and broad. 18. Driver, this way! Are you engaged? 19. We will take you by the hour*. 20. Drive up William street, across Paris Square, and into the Tiergarten. 21. Drive slowly, we are not in a hurry. 22. We have driven for two hours. 23. We have taken a drive of two hours and a quarter. 24. Show me your schedule of fares; you ask too much. 25. Here is your fee. 26. On my word, I am tired. 27. When one has his room in the fourth story, it would be more convenient to ride up in an elevator. 28. I do not like to climb so many stairs. 29. In America all good hotels have elevators, but in Germany elevators are seldom to be found. 30. Here, too, they go up very slowly. EXERCISE XXXVn. 1. What shall we do this evening? 2. I am going to the theater, will you go with me ? 3. Is there a play this evening^? 4. What is to be given? 5. What is the play about^? Is it in prose or in verse? 36 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 6. There is no play this evening*. 7. William Tell will be played to-night. 8. Which is the best theater here? 9. I consider the German Theater the best* for tragedies, dramas, and comedies, but the Royal Theater is good. 10. There are now twenty-five theaters in Berlin. 11. What time does the theater begin? 12. The play begins at six o'clock. 13. When is it over'' ? 14. When is it through* ? 15. Is the company good? 16. To be sure; it is a perma- nent troop. 17. Have you secured your tickets yet? 18. When is the ticket office open? 19. Can you get me a ticket for' the first row of the second gallery ? 20. Which are the best seats? 21. I have taken a box in the first circle. 22. My friend has subscribed for a box in the Royal Opera House. 23. Can one get reserved seats ? 24. Yes, but you must buy your tickets in advance, at the day office. 25. In the ad- vance sale of seats you must pay fifty pfennigs extra". 26. They are^ cheaper at the door^°. 27. One can get reserved seats in the parquet. 28. What do the seats in the parquet cost ? 29. Give me a seat in a box. EXERCISE XXXVin. 1. I bave brought the text with me, but we have no program ; will you not get one ? 2. You have no opera glass; I wonder if I can rent^ one. 3. Please lend me your opera glass. 4. May I ask you for your program a'^ moment ? 5. The audience is small'. 6. There is a large audience\ 7. The house is full; it is always well patronized by the better classes*. 8. The German Theater is a very popular theater; every COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 37 seat is frequently sold^. 9. In Berlin fashionable women^ go in the parquet as well as* in the boxes, but in several Paris theaters women are not admitted to* the parquet ; they go mostly in the boxes of the first or second circle. 10. In this program are given the names of all tha actors in all the theaters for this evening. 11. Have you seen the list of plays for the coming week? 12. Who plays the principal role in this piece? 13. I do not know the names of the actors, so I will buy a program. 14. In Germany Shakespeare's plays are often given. 15. What is the name of the actress who plays Juliet to-morrow night? 16. The musicians are all there; the over- ture will soon begin. 17., Be quiet'"! The curtain is rising. 18. The scenery and the costumes are wondrously beautiful. 19. The background repre- sents an Alpine scene. 20. The chandelier is mag- nificent; they have electric lights here. 21. Who is the author of the play ? 22, The play was given last week for the first time, and was received with great applause. 23. The author and the principal" actors are called out repeatedly every evening, EXERCISE XXXIX. 1. I have been told that Mr. Ritter, who plays the role of Hamlet, was hissed. 2. He is excellent in comedy, but is not fitted for tragic roles. 3, This f actress is beautiful and has a charming voice, but her acting is not natural. 4. It is her first appearance, hence she is somewhat embarrassed. 5. And yet she receives an enormous salary, and is engaged for two years. 6. To-morrow she will appear as Joan of Arc 38 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. in the Maid of Orleans. 7. The actors do not know their parts by heart ; they stand always close to the prompter's box. 8. One can even hear the prompter read the parts ; it is not at all pleasant to hear a thing like that^. 9. Now the curtain falls; the heat here is unbearable; shall we not go into the /oyer. ^ 10. Let us go there. 11. Which is'* the way to the crush room? 12. Wait a moment, I wish to leave my hat and overcoat in the cloakroom. 13. In the foyer and in the passage-ways it is crowded full ; it is not pleasant to push about in so great a crowd. 14. Let us go into the theater cafe and take a little refresh- ment ; we have still time to take an ice or a dish of ice cream, for the intermission lasts a quarter of an hour. 15. The intermission will be over directly, let us go in again. 16. Let us go back to our places, the bell already has rung*. EXERCISE XL. 1. I should like to hear some good singing; what is to be given in opera to-day? 2. This evening a comic opera is to be given, but to-morrow Tannhauser will be produced. 3. Yesterday Miss Kleist sang in Faust; she is a magnificent singer. 4. The first soprano, the tenor, and the bass were all excellent. 5. I did not like the duet, but the solo, at the end of the second act, and the choruses exceeded my expecta- tions. 6. Shall we go to^ the concert or to' the ball? 7. I like to dance, let us rather go to the ball. 8. Here we are in the dancing hall. 9. They already are engaging partners, please present me to your sister. 10. Miss Menzel, may I ask you for the honor COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. 39 of dancing the next waltz w^ith you ? 11. I am sorry, but I am already engaged. 12. I never dance waltzes, but I have a quadrille unengaged. 13. May I offer you my arm ? 14. It is late ; the company is breaking up, we must take our leave. 15. The lectures at the university begin this week. 16. I am going to attend the university. 17. I shall study philosophy, but my friend is studying law. 18. I have already elected my courses. 19. I am at- tending the lectures of Professor Wagner on'* political economy ; he has a large audience. 20. I have passed my examination, and soon I shall graduate. 21. My friend failed at his examination, and his chum was expelled. 22. The young man was a freshman. 23. Student life in Germany is very different from that in the United States. EXERCJISE XT,T. 1. Go to the bookdealer's and get me a German dictionary and a guide to^ Berlin. 2. I must make a few purchases. 3. Perhaps one may know* by' my accent that I am* a foreigner. 4. What store do you recommend for the purchase of linen ? 5. It is better to buy in the large stores ; there they have fixed prices. 6. How much does that cost ? 7. How much do you ask for that? 8. What is the price of it? 9. How dear is that? 10. That is very high. 11. That is not cheap. 12. It seems that you overcharge. 13. Have you nothing better? 14. That is not what I wish^ 15. I think that too dear. 16. I would like to see the latest that you have. 17. That is the latest there is, and it is very tasty. 18. If you will not let 40 COLLOQUIAL GERMAN. it go for less', I will not take it. 19. I am giving it to you at cost ; I cannot give it to you for less. 20. We will split the difference. 21. I cannot do that; we sell only at fixed prices. 22. Where is the silk department? 23. On the other side, please. 24. Will you show me some silk gloves of various colors ? 25. Take the trouble to go up one story'. 26. This pair is too large and this too small. 27. What size do you wear? 28. Will you allow me to try on this pair? 29. I will take these. 30. How much does that make all together? 31. I will pay you for them at once. 32. Where shall I send the things ? 33. Here is your change* ; I thank you very much. 34. Can you send them to the hotel for me ? 35. When can I have them? 36. I must have them Monday evening. 37. Will you pack them for me in a box? 38. My address is Belle vue street, number twenty- three, second story. 39. Where is the cash counter? 40. Please give me a receipted bill. 41. I must go home at once and pack my trunk ; to-morrow morn- ing at five o'clock I shall leave for Paris. 42. I am delighted with Berlin, and would like to remain longer ; but my leave of absence is at an end and I must go. 43. Tell the waiter he is to awaken me at four o'clock, I depend upon him. 44. Engage a cab in time, and have my things brought down. 45. Be so kind as to make out my bill. 46. I have already made it out. 47. That is not quite right®; these things I have not received, and for one week I have already paid. 48. You are right, I made a mistake there. 49. Here is the money; is that right? 50. Quite right. Allow me to receipt and stamp the bill. MOTES TO EXERCISES. The Roman numerals (11, ^ etc.) refer to the number of the Exercise. The Arabic figures (1, etc.) to the superior figures (») in the body of the Exercises. n. 1, ettt)a§ 5(nbere6. 2. bei i^m, 3. tiid^t tual^r? 4. giebt. 5. Use the present tense. 6. t)on mir. in. 1, Sic gc^fg 3l)nen? 2. 2BaS ma(]&t er? 3. Bei. 1 bag id^. IV. 1. ^affce mit Tlild}. 2. Gotten. 3. funfgig (^fennigc). V. 1. (jeigt. 2. auf. 3. 2)od) (or OTerbingg). 4. bag id). 5. tnac^t. 6. baran fc^ulb, ha^. VI. 1. ftel^t. 2. fc^on. 3. no6) immer. 4. e8 l^at gefUngelt 5. ftc^t. 6. tjoran'. 7. bagu. VIII. 1. Tlan beutete mit ben 5Vingern auf i^m 2. ^dj freuc mid^ auf. IX. 1. bag er. X. 1. njirb. 2. Bei un8 jur ©eirol^n^eit. XI. 1. 3n mldjem Tlomt ^tt^^m tt)ir? or Setd^en momt l^aben tuir? xn. 1. tjon ber $Regenfeite. 2. tjor. 3. §eute ift S^autretter. XIII. 1. SSie tJiel. 2. uad^. 3. uacf). 4. gef)t iu^. 5. nteffe. 6. ift fd^on. xrv. 1. Bei 3]^neu. 2. mit. 3. mit. 4. baueru. 5. ttjenu, XV. 1. Bei. 2. @ebrau(J)te @ad^en. XVI. 1. SSie t3ie( bie Gillette? 2. Baggage is not checked as with lis ; but a receipt, or printed slip, is given, with which the owner reclaims baggage at destination. 3. fiir fed^S Tlaxt UBergetDid^t. 4. fur 9^irf)trauc^er. 41 42 NOTES TO EXERCISES. XVn. 1. @i^en @ie tiebcr. 2, e8 Jet^t fid) bequem. 3. In Germany what we call the front seat is called the 9iu(f ft^, and the back seat the 35orberfi^, since they name the seat from the posi- tion of the one occupying it, as riding backwards or as facing the front. 4. nirgenb^, 5. I^alten, 6. gum, 7, Tlan fttjt fe^r eng. XVIII. 1. Uegen. 2. auf. 3, ttjo tnerben bie SBagen gc* tt)ed)fett? 4 Berliner ^vlq. 5. 33itte, erlauben @ie mir. XIX. 1. beforbert 2. 2Bo ift eg gu l)aben? 3. au«fteigen. XX. 1. ha^ ^erfoiiaL 2. In Germany the first floor, or ground floor, is called (Srbgefd^og, or parterre, and is not counted in numbering the stories. Hence our third floor is called second story in German. XXI. 1. fiir bie iBenu^ung beg vgd^Iaftuaggotig. 2. an ben 3ug nadj, 3. fdjon toon ^affel ber. 4. gteic^. 5. bl« §eibe(berg. 6. So finbet ber Sagenmed^fel ftatt? XXII. 1. gine l)a(be (Stunbe gn %n% 2. mn melc^em Ont* nibug lomme id) nad) ? XXIII. 1. auf. 2. ftecfen laffen. 3. 2Ba« foftet bie gtafdftc? 4. Je nat^. 5, fie ntoge. XXIV. 1. fomme erft fpat trieber priid. 2. fttr nlemanb. 3. betrdgt. 4, bap. XXV. 1. 5Bor attem. 2, eine 3JJar! fiinf^ig. 3. eiuftetgen. 4. augfteigen. 5. i6) ^abe etmag p beforgen. XXVI. 1. 5lmt fiir bie poftlagernben iBriefe. 2. bie nnge* niigenb franfierten 53riefe trerben n)ie tajriert. 3. 33ricf* marfen in, (or a), 3tt)angig pfennig. 4. ©ingefd^ricbenc ^riefe gal^ten. 5. gemad^t. XXVII. 1. mit um'ge^enber ^oft XXVIII. 1. nacf). 2. ma§> foftet bag (5:ouoert, (or ©ebecf), an ber table d'hote ? 2. 53rot na(^ ^elieben. XXIX. 1. 2Senn i6) bitten barf. 2. ^eineg Don beiben, or ^eibeg m(3^t. 3. bagn. 4. pm. XXX. 1. fd^on lange. 2. Sag ftel)t 9^eueg. 3. ftnb erfd^iencn. 4. @te^t. 5. lange. 6. fd)(afen @ie njol^t. XXXI. 1. ©ang in ber m\)e. 2. bnrd^ teregra^)^ifd^e %n^ ttjeifung. XXXn. 1. So ttjo^nt. 2. bei il)m. 3. S3ei. 4. Sie bercc^- nen @ic ben S)oUar ? 5. oon. 6. Sie t)ie( gilt cin SDoUar ^ier ? 7. Sic t)icl rec^nen @ie 2)ig!ont ? NOTES TO EXERCISES. 43 XXXni. 1. auf. 2. auggefteEt. 3. ouf bie 2)aucr tjon cincm 3a^r. 4, ©d^reiben @ie. 5. fie ge^t iud)t rid^tig. XXXrV. 1. ber 3lu6beffernngen ubernimmt. 2. ^d) njunfd^c bag Oberleber fcln, unb bie @o^(en blcf. 3. ha^ fte ntlr gonj bequem fifeen. 4. tiac^ SKunfc^. 5. ju. 6. fi^en ntlr. 7. fd^tlegt nid^t in ber !£aitte. XXXV. 1. SBaber. 2. SSie biel ®rab l)at. 3. l^olen laffen. 4. toon iBebentung. 5. ntir ba8 §aar. 6. mic^ barbieren (or ra* fieren) (ju) laffen. 7. ben ganjen 33art. 8. li!affen @ie fte^en. 9. e§ reigt micft. 10. 3Ba§ befommen @ie ? XXXVI. 1. SBo fommc idft nacf). 2. in. 3. 2So ge^t e8 ftler nac!^. 4. nad^ ber 3cit. XXXVn. 1. 3ft l^cntc Xljtattx? 2. SBoDon l^anbett ba8 @tM? 3. S8 mirb ^ente nid)t gefpielt. 4. fiir bie beftc SBul^ne. 5. gn (Snbe. 6. an8. 7. in. 8. Suf^'^OQ- 9. fommen. 10. 5Ibenb!affc. XXXVin. 1. getieljen befommen. 2. auf einen. 3. S)a« $au8 ift ft^ted^t befetjt. 4. !J)a« §ang ift ftar! befetjt. 5. tJon ber tjorne^men SBelt. 6. e§ tDirb ^aufig au«t)erfanft. 7. bie 2)amen ber f einen ^tlt 8. fott)o^I in« ^arfett a(8. 9. in. 10. (StiU! 11. bebeutenbern. XXXIX. 1. fo ctnjaS. 2. 2Bo fii^rt. 3. e6 l^at fd^on gc=» ntngclt. XL. 1. in. 2. anf. 3. iiber. XLI. 1. gii^rer burd^. 2. ntirf) erfennen. 3. an. 4. a(§. 5. ha^ ®ctt)iinf^te. 6. billiger. 7. iBemii^en @ic fid^ einc Strcp^jc J^od^. 8, §ier ift ttJaS @ie l^erauSbefommen. 9. S)a« fiimmt nic^t ganj. VOCABULARY. After a noun are given the gender, the formation of the genitive singular (excepting feminines), and the nominative plural, if in use. A dash indicates that the nominative plural is the same as that of the sin- gular. Verbs having irregular forms are so marked, and given in the list at the close of the vocabulary. The auxiliary is given when the verb takes feiti only. The abbreviations used are : ace, accusative adj, adjective adv, adverb conj. conjunction dat. dative ded. declined, declension Eng, English /. feminine fr. from Fr. French gen. genitive imp. impersonal(ly) indcl. indeclinable insep. inseparable inter, interrogative intr. intransitive irreg. irregular m. masculine n. neuter nom. nominative part participle, participial pers. person pi. plural pref. prefix. prep. preposition(s) pro. pronoun pron. pronounce, pronunciation reg. regular rel. relative B. B. railroad sing, singular sep. separable tr. transitive 10. with 44 VOCABULARY. 45 a, an, cin, elite, ein. aboard, all — I eln'fielgen ! irreg. (fein). abou^ iingefdl)r'. aboye, up stairs, obeiu abscond, burdi'brennen, irreg. {intr.y fein), auS'treten, irreg. (fein). absence, ^Ib'irefen'^eit, /. absent, ab 'njefenb. accent, 2(u§'fpra(^e, /. accept, acceptle'rcn. accident, Uu'gliicfSfall, m. -{t% pi -fallc. accommodate, un'terbringen, irreg, accommodation(s), i8ett)ir'= tung, /., pi. -en. according to, na6),prep. w. dat. accastom, gettjo^nen {to, an 10. ace). acquaintance, to make one's — , feiineu {irreg.) lerneiu acquainted, b efannt, par^. adj. (Jr. befeunen). acquire, ertDerben, irreg. across, l)iuu'beiv adv. or sep. pref. / iiber, prep. lo. dat. or ace. , adv. , sep. or insep. pref. act, ^anbedi ; fpielen. Hft, fn. -eg, pi -e. acting, @plel, n. -e8, pi -c. actor, ©c^au'jpleler, m. -«, actress, @c^au'fpleterln, /., p/. -imten. add (J>y pouring), ju'glegen, irregr. additional charge, 5luf'jc^(ag, m. -e§, pi -j^tcige, 3u% irf)(ag, m. (a question), xidjtm {to, an, w, ace). ^Ibrel'fe,/., pi -n, %n\'\&\x\\i, f.jpl -en, ii'berfc^rift, /., pi -en. addressed, the one — , 2[bre[= fat', m. -en, pi -en. admission, ^i^'trltt, m. -(e)6; — ticket (Sin'trittSfarte, /., pi -n. admit, gn'Iaffen, irreg. adyance, fteigen, irreg. (feln); in—, tjor^er' ; —sale, iBor'* oerfanf, m. -(e)§, p?. -!dnfe. adyantageous(ly), t)or'teiI^aft» adyise, raten, irreg. {dat,), affair, @a(^e,/., p?. -n ; Sin'* gelegen^eit, /., pZ. -en. after, nad^bem', conj. ; nadj, prep, w, dat., adv., sep. pref, afternoon, ^hd^'ntittag, m. -(e)«, pi -e. afterwards, nad^^er'. again, n^ieber, adv., sep, or insep, pref age, ^(ter, n. -«, pi -; of — , munblg ; ten years of — , ge^n 3a^re alt. ago, t)or, prep. w. dat. ; three TFceks ago yesterday, geftevn uor brei SBoc^en. ah, a6)\ ahead, tjoran', t>orau§', adv. or sep. pref; straight — , ge= rabe au«. air, ?uft, /., pi Siiftc. air brake, ^nft'bremfe, /., pi -n. all, all, gang ; all the same, el'nerlel, alleS eto; {the whole) ber gange, &c. 46 VOCABULARY. allow, geflatten, ertauben (both used w. dot, of pers. and ace, of thing) y- betnlttigeit. almost, faft. alone, alleiu'. along, entlaug', adv., prep., commonly follows ace. or gen. Alpine scene, Wptn\ctm, /., pi -\u already, fc^on, bereit^'. also, aiic^. always, immer. ambassador, ©efaixbte, m. -n, pi. -n. America, %xm'xita, n. -6, American, ameri!a'uif(^ ;^me^ rifa'ner, m. -§, pi. -. amount to, betvagen, irreg. (ace), fid) belaufen (irreg.) aiif w. ace. amusement, 35erguugung, /., pi. -en ; place of — , ^tv- guu'gung^ort, m. -(e)§, p/. -e, -ortcr. an, a, eln, elnc, eitu and, nub. anew, uou neiiem. angry, to be — , j^urnen (with, dat). announce, tnelbeu. another (of same kind), no(^ eln, eine, ein ; (of different kind) ein anb(e)rer, eine onb(e)re, ein an= b(e)re«. answer, beant'morten ; Qnt'= JDorten (dat. of pers. and auf 10. a>ee. of thing). 5lnt'tt)ort, /, pl -en. any, etrna^ ; irgenb ein, eine, ein ; einige ; often not to he translated; — one, man (nom, sing, only), jemanb, eincr; — thing, (irgenb) etnjaS. appear, erfd^einen, irreg. (fein), auf treten, irre^. (fein). appearance, to make one's — , auf'treten, irreg. (fein) ; to make one's first — , bebii* tie'ren. 5luf'treten, n. -g, ivfinitive as noun. appetite, 3lppetit', m. -(e)§» , applause, iBei'fatt, m. -a.^ apple, 5lpfel, m. -§, pi SpfcL apply, ftd^ tt>enben, irreg. or reg. (to, an w. aec). appointed, beftimmt (fr, be« ftimmen). approach, fid) nd^ern, dit. apricot, ^prifo'fe, /., pi -n. arise, auf fte^en, irreg. ([ein) ; (of the sun) anf'ge^en, irreg. (fein). aristocratic, tor'ne^nt* arm, 5Irm,^ m. -(e)g, pi -t ; (sleeve) |[rme(, m. -§, pi around, um, prep, w, aec, adv. , sep. or insep. pref. arrest, ^rveft', m. -(e)«, pi -e. arriyal, 3(n'funft, /. arrive, an'fommen, irreg. (fein). art, — collection, ^unft'famm* tog, /., pi -en; —store, ^unft'l^anblnng, /., pi -en. article for travel, Wi'\tht^ biirfnig, n. -iffe«, pi -iffe. as, aU, trie ; as. .as, fo. .tt)ie, a(8; not seas, nid^t fo.. wit. VOCABULARY. 47 ask, bitten, irreg., tjcrlangen ; fragen {for, after, nad^); to ask one for, bitten {ace. of person and nm w. ace. of thing, or ace. of thing and t)on w. dat. of per s.). asleep, to be — , {c^Iafcn, irreg. assure, tterfirf)crn. at, bci, an, auf, ivl, in, all w. dat. ; {of time) gu w. dat, um w. ace. attend, befud)en, l)oren ; — to, do, madden, beforgen. attentive, auf'merffam. attract, an'gie^en, irreg. awake(n), auf'road^en {intr., fein) ; ttjcdten, tr. away, toeg, fort, adv, or sep. pref. audience, ^nbito'rinm, n. -§, pi. -ien. author, S5erfaffer, m. -«, pi, -. back, n)ie'ber ba ; guriicf', adv. or sep. pref. background, §in'tergrnnb, m. -(e)§, pi. -griinbe. backwards, riicf'njdrts, badly, fc^ted^t, baggage, ©epacf, n. -(e)8, pi. -c; — car, ©epddf'ujagen, m., -§, pi. - ; — room, ®c- pdcf'aufgabc, /., @cpd(f'au«- gabe, /., ©cpadf'e^-pebition, /., pi. -en ; — transportation office, ©epdcf'evpcbition, /. ball, SBafl, m. -c8, pi SBdflc. balloon, 2uft' ballon {pron. on 05 in Fr.\ m. -§, pZ. -g. bank Qmsimss), ^an!, /., p/. banker, SBanquicr', 53anlicr' {pron. ier as in Fr., S3an!j[ee'), m. -§, pZ. -«. banking business, ^an!'ge^ fd)dft, n. -(e)«, pi. -e. banking house, S3an!'^au8, n. -e§, pi. -^dnfer. bank note, iBanf'notc, /., pi -n. bankrupt, become — , 53an!e« rott' (m. -(e)«, pZ. -e) maci^en, banquet, 33anfett', n. -(e) 6, p?. -e ; ®e(ag(e), n. -(e)g, pi -e. barber's shop, §aar'fd^neibc;» faton (pron. falon as in Fr.), m. -§, pZ. -§. barrack(s), ^ajer'nc,/., p?. -n» bass {music), SBag, m. -eS, p?. iBdffe. bath, ^ab, n. -c«, pi ^dber ; — room, ^a'bejimmcr, n. -§, pi. - ; 33ab, n. bathe, baben. bathing gown, 53a'DcmanteI, m. -g, pi -mdntel. Bauer, S3aner {proper nam>e), m. -§. Bavaria, iBaicrn, n. -8. be, jein, irreg. (jcin) ; njcrbcn, irreg. (fein) ; fic^ befinben, irreg. / ftel)en, irreg. ; — (re- main) out, au§ bteibcn, irreg. (jein) ; — to, jotten, irreg. ; how are you? toiz gent's 3^ncn? bean, iBo^ne, /., pi -n. bear, tragcn, irreg. beard, iBart, m. -e«, pi Sdrte. beautiful, fd)on ; very — , iunn' bcrfc^on, Je^r j(i)ou. because, totiU 48 VOCABULARY. become^ njcrbeu, irreg. ([ein, of, am), bed, ^ett, n. -e«, pi -en. bedroom, ©djlaf simmer, w. -8, p?. -. beef, 9linb'fleifcf), n. -c§ (pZ. beefsteak, iBeeffteaf (pron, as in English), n. -%, pi. -g, beer, iBier, n. -c§, pi, -e» beet, rote kiibe, /., pi. -\u before, fcfjon, adv. / tjor, prep. (0/ time, w. dat.); bet>or', t'^tf conj. beforehand, »orau§\ beg, bitten, irreg. {ace. ofpers. and itm w. ace. of thing; ace, of thing and \)onw, dat. of pers.). begin, an'fangen, irreg., be= giimen, irreg. beginner, Sln'fanger, m. -§, pi. -, Behren, — street, S3e^ren* ftrage,/. beliere, glauben, dat. of pers. bell, ^linget,/., pi. -n, @c^ene, f.pl -ti. Belle Alliance, SBeHe=5lEiaiice {pron. ^eU=5lEianr). BeUeyue, iBeHetiue {pron, ^tm- W f as in Fr.). belong, gepreu (to, dat.), an% gepren {to, dat), below, unten, adv.; unter, prep, w. dat. or ace. benefit, for the — , gum iSefteiu Berlin, Berlin', n. -§; iBer^ U'ner, indel, adj. berth, @(f)tafflelle, /., pi. -it. besides, auger, prep, w, dat. best, befl ; am Uebfleu, adv, betoken, bebeuteu. better, beffer ; tieber, adv, between, s^ifcl}en, prep, w, dat, or ace. bid, — good day, fid^ em^fe^» Icu, irreg. bill, 9^ed)uuug, /., pi, -en ; — of exchange, 2Sed)je(, m. -QfPl. - ; — of fare, @pei'* fefarte, /., pi -w, @pei'fe* gettel, m. -^, pi -, bind one's self {obligation), fid) Derpflic^ten. birthday, @eburt§'tag,m.-(e)«, pi -e, biscuit, SScig'brotd^en, n. -g, pi ~. bit, a little bit, cin fleiu Ujenig, bi^c^en. black (shoes), ^ju^en. blackberry, ^rom'beere, /., pi -n, blame, oerargen, tierbeufen, ir- reg., hothw. dat. of pers. and ace. of thing; tabcln. blanket, 2)e(!e, /., pi -n, block {in a city), ©trage , /., pi -n, blooming, b(uf)enb (from blii^en). blotting paper, H^ofd) 'papier, n, -g, pi -t, blow, tDe^eu. board, to come on — , an iBorb fommen, irreg. (fein). boarding house, ^enfion' (eu as in Fr.), /., pi -en, ^|5eu* fionat', n. -g, pi -e ; family — , J^ami'Iien^^enjion', /., J?ami'Uen*$enftonat', n. VOCABULARY. 49 Bonn, 33onn, n. -«. book, 33ud), n. -e«, pi 33ud^er. bookdealer, 33ud^'^anbler, m. boot^ @tiefet, m. -8, pZ. -, (-n). Boston, Lofton, n. -g. both, beibe. bottle, ??lafcf)e, /., pi. -n. bow, fid^ Derbeugeu ( SBagen, m. -«, pi. -, SSaggon' (pron. on as in i 3ii9'fii^i^^^V 1^' -^^ P^' -, ^onbufteur' {pron. eur as m i^r., = or nearly), m. -§, pi -t, -8. confiscate, in 33efrf)Iag nel^men, irreg, connection {K B,\ 2tn'frf)Iu6, m. -eg, pZ. -jd^liiffe {withy an w. ace). consider, I}alten (irreg.) fiir. consul, toilful, m. -§, pZ. -n. consult, beraten, irregf. contain, entbalten, irreg. continue, fort'fa^ren, irreg. contrary, on the — , im @e^ gentell, n. conyenient, bequem', conyersation, Unter'^artung, f.,pl. -en. conyersationallan^age, Um% gang6fprad)e,/., pi -n. conyince, iibergeu'gen. Cook, ^01^ (proper name), m. -8. copy, ab'fd^relben, irreg. 5Ib'= \djx\^t,f,ypl -en. cord, ©d^nur, /., p?. ©c^niire, -en, cork, ^fropfen, m. -8, pZ. -, $fropf, m. -e8, pZ. -e ; — screw, ^frop'fengie^er, m. -8, pi -, ^orf'jie^er, m. comer, (5cf e, /., p^. -n. correct, toerbeffern, forrigic'* ren ; ridjtig, adj. or adv. correspondent, ^orrefponbent', m. -en, pi. -en. cost, foften ; - (price), Soften* |)rei8, m. -e8, p/. -c ; yfhat is the price of, n^ie Diel (or n)a8) foftet (foften), n)ie teuer costume, 5In'gng, m. -(e)8, pZ. count, ntit'red^nen, ein'redinen, mit 3d^ten ; 3al)ten. counterfeit, fatfrf). country, :?anb, n. -e8, pi I^dn? ber (-e) ; (region) ©egenb, /., pi -en. course (at table), @ang, m. ~e8, pZ. ©cinge ; (University) ^ol* leg', ^'oUe'gium, n. -8, pZ. ^oKegten, -gta. court, §of, m. -e8, pZ. §ofe. cousin, better, m. -8, pi -n, ^onfin (-Fr. pron.), m. -8, pZ. -8; Confine, /.,pZ. -n. cream, 9?a^m, m. -e8, ©aljne, /. credit, letter of — , ^rebit* brief, m. -e8, pi -e. cross, ge^en (irreg., fein) xiber wj. ace. crowd, SJienge, /., pi -n. crowded, gebrdngt, eng. crush room (foyer), got)er (Fr. pron., goajee), m. or n, -8, pi -8. cucumber, @ur!e, /., pi -n ; pickled — , fanre ®ur!e, /. cuflf, mawWi'it, /.. pi -n. cup, Xaffe, /.,p/. -n. VOCABULARY. 53 currant^ 3o^an'nigbeere,/., pi. -n. curtain (window), ©arbl'ne, /., pi -u; (theater) ^or'l)ang, m. -g, pi. -Ijcinge. curre, iBiegung, iBeiigung, /., pi. -en, ^urue, /., pi. -n. cnstomhonse, 3o^'^oit^/^- -e«, 2??. -I)aufer. custom's ship, 3oH'fc]^iff/ n, -e8, p^. -e. cut, [djueiben, irregular; — through, burdifc^nei'ben. (B. B.) (Sin'frf)nitt, m. -(e)8, pi. -e. dance, tauten. dancing hall, -e^, pi. -idle. dark, buu!e(. dawn, graiien. day, Sag, m. ^anj'faal, m. -e6, pi. -e ; — after to-morrow, u'bermor= geii ; by the — , tag'(e)tt)ei(e, ^ro XaQ ; a — , tdgltd^, ben XaQ ; — office, Sta'gegfaffe, /., pi -lu tot. dear, teuer ; Ikh, death, 2:ob, m. -e3, pZ. -e. ' decanter, ^araf fe, /., pL -n. deck, ^erbecf, n. -^, pi, -e. declare, beflarie'ren, deep, tief. defect, a sleight — , ^Ici'nig* !eit, /., pi. -en. deUghted, entsiicft (wiih, ijon). depart, ab 'rcifen (feln), ah'- fa()ren, irreg. (fein), ab'ge^en, irreg. (fein). departing, ^b'fa^rt,/.,pZ. -en. departure, ^b'fa^rt,/., pi. -en. department, ^b'teilnng,/., pZ. -en. depend, fic^ Derlaffen, irreg, (upon, auf w. ace). deposit, beponie'ren. depot (station), iBa^n'^of, m. -(e)g, pZ. -{)bfe. deserye, Derbienen. desire, ^n|t, /., pi. l^ttfte ; 2Bnnf(^, m. -e«, p/. SSiinfd^e. dessert, D^ac^'tlfd^, m. -e«, p/. -e ; ~ spoon, 2)effert'(offc(, m. -g, pi. -. Detroit, Detroit, n. -8. diamond, 2)iamant', m. -en, pi. -en. dictionary, SBor'terbndft, n. -(e)^, pi. -biid^er. difference, Un'terfd^ieb, m. -8, pi. -e ; S)ifferen5', /., pZ. -en. different, uerfi^leben. difficult, frf)tt)er, ft^micrig. diligently, fleigig. dimple, ©riibc^en, n. -8, pi. -. dine, ;;n 3Jiittag fpeifen ; fpeU fen ; effen, irreg. dinner, 9)at'tag(e)cffen, n. -«, 2)iner' (i^. pron., S)inee'), n. -g, p?. -g, (Sffen, n. -«. direct, birett'. direction, 9flid)tnng,/., pi -en. directly, fogleid^'. discount, 2)l§!on'to, m. or n. -8, pi -8. bisfontic'rcn. disembark (intr.\ lanben, au8'* gejc^ift't iDerben, irreg. (fein). dish (/ood), @erid)t, n. -(e)«, p/. -e. dispatch, 3)epcfc^'e, /., pZ. -tu dissipate, aerftrenen. 54 VOCABULARY. distance, (Sntfernung,/.,i)?.-en. distant, entfernt. distinctly, beutUd). disturb, ftoren. do, t^jiiiif, irreg., madden; an'* fongen, irreg. ; beftetten. dollar, Dol'Iar, m. -g, pi. -8. door, Xljnv{e), /., pi. -en; street — , §an§'tt)ur(e), /. ; doorkeeper, gate keeper [R. R.), iBeamte, m. -n, pi. -n, ^djlaQ'waxtev, m.-^,pl,-. Dorothy street, 2)orot^e'en= ftvafee, /. doable, boppett. draft, Serf)fet, m. -g, pZ. - ; sight --, ^If'taannjeifung, /., pi. -en, ^n'njeifung, /. drama, @d)ou'fpiel, n. -(e)«, p/. e. draught {of air), 3ug, m. -e«, p/. 3 "9^ 1 there is a — , e§ giet)t (/rom giet)en, in-e<;.), e« ge^t (irreQf.) ein 3ng. draw, gie^en, irreg., ^eran8'= 3iet)en; (money) ab't)eben, ir- rej;. Dresden, 2)re8ben, n. -g. dress, an'flelben ; m an'jle^* en, irreg. dressing, stufiOng, giiUfet, n. ^, J^iille, /. Drexel, ^Dreyel {proper mime), m. -^. drink, trinfen, irreg. driye, fal)ren, irregr. ; — on {faster), ,^n'faf)ven ; — up, l)inanf'fat)ren {when intr., and referring to the passenger, fat) r en and its compounds usu- qllyiake fciu). gal)rt,/.,p^.-en. driyer, tntfc^er, m. -S, pZ. -. drop, Xropfen, m. -g, pZ. -. drug store, %pot\)t'U,f, pi -lu dry, ab' trocfnen, trocfnen. due, fallig. duet, 3)uett', n. -(e)8, pi. -c, dull (on 'change), flau, duly, rid)tig. durable, baner^aft. Diisseldorf, !5)nf'feIborf, n. -«. dust, ®tanb, m. -e^. dutiable, joUbar, ftenerbar. duty, ^Steuer, /., pi -n; free of — , ften'erfrei ; pay — on, Derftenevn. dwelling room, ^So^n'^lmmer, n. -g, pi -. ear, Ot)r, n. -e8, pi. -en ; — ring, Ot)r'ring, m. -{t)^,pl -e. early, frii^, ^eitig. earn, uerbienen. easily, leirf)t. east, Often, m. -8 ; from the — , au^ Often* easy, leid^t; {garment) njeit, beqnem'. eat, effen, irreg. eating house, ©pei'fe^auS, n. -e^, pi -l)aufer. editorial, lOeit'artif'el, m. -«, eight, acf)t, eighteen hundred eighty- nine, arf)t,^e^n l)nnbert neun unb acf)tjig, tanfenb ac^t ftnn* bert nenn nnb ad^tjig. Elbe, (Slbe, /. elect {a courm erf a wniv.), be* tegen. VOCABULARY. 55 electric, etef'trifd^. elevator, ga^r'ftu^t, m. -(e)«, pi. -ftii^le, ^erfo'nenaufjug, m. -(t)^, pi, -ijiige, Ascenseur {pron. as in jPV.), m. -^,pl. -^. eleven, elf. embarrassed, befangen (fr. be= fang en, irreg.). embassador, ©efanbtc, m. -w, pi. -u. employer, ^ringipar, m. -e, pl. -e. end, (Sube, n. -g, p?. -n ; tow- ards the — , gegen (Snbe ; at an end, gii (^uDe ; at the end, at last, am (Snbe ; to the — , bi^ ;iu Snbe, bi^ an§ (Snbe. endnre, toertragen, irreg. engage, belegen ; befel^eu ; eu- gagie'ren {pron. as if spelled dngdzkee'ren in English) ; be* f org en. enjoy, — one's self, fic^ amu-- fie'rcn. enormous, enorm'. enough, genug. « ntire, gan;;. entirely, gang, red^t, t)olI!om'= men, ooU'pnbig. envelope, (lonoert' {pron. fu^), n. -(e)8, pl. -e, -8, i8rief'um= fcf)lag, Um'fc^lag, m. -(e)«, j?/. -fc^lcige. errand, Sluf'trag, m. -(e>, p/. -tvage {to do, befteUen). error, 3rrtum, m. -g, p^. -tiimcr. ethnological, et^no(o'gi|(^ ; — museum, ba« 3Jinfeum fiiv ^orferfuubet Europe, (Suro'pa, n. -g. even, fogar'. evening, ^benb, m. -g, pZ. -c ; at — , abenb« ; in the — , be§ 5lbenb^ ; this — , ^eutc abenb ; to-morrow — , mor* gen abenb. every, atte, pl. ; jeber, -e, -e8. exactly, gerabe, genan. examination, (2?:a'nien, n. -9, pl -amina ; final --, {before entering univ.), 3Dktnritdt§'* e?:amen, n. ; {search) Unter* fu'd)nng, /., pl. -en. examine, oifitie'ren. examining, in — , belm SBift* tie'ren, n. exceed, iibertreff' en, irreg. excellent, uortvcff'Ud), anS'ge^ geicf)net. excess, U'bergemid)t, n. -g. exchange, nm'tr»ecf)feln. iBorfe, /., pl. -n ; — office, SSecfj'fel* [tube,/., pl -n. excursion, 5(u^'f(ng, m. -(e)8, pl -fliige ; —train, ^ergnii'* gnng«^ng, m. -(e)«, pl -m^, excuse, entfd)nlbigen, tjerjei^en, irreg. exist, ejfiftie'ren. expect, ermarten. expectation, ©rnjartnng,/., pl -en. expel {fr. univ.\ relegie'ren. exposition, ^u^'fteUnng, /., pl -en. express {train), ^nrie'rgng, m. -(e)^, pl -^iige, eifgng, m., @d)neU';^ng, m. expression, ^3ln«'bru(f, m -^, ^l -briirfe. 56 VOCABULARY. extra, ejtra. extraordinary, au'gerorbent* Ucf). eye, 5(uge, n. -8, pi -n, face, ®t[x6)i, n. -g, pi -er; (sfcin) §aut, /., p?. §aute. fact, in — 5 in ber 2;^ at. fail (at an examination), burd^'= fatten, irreg. (fein) ; uerfcin- men ; fallie'ren ; without — , unfe'^ibar, jebenfattg. fall, fatten, irreg. (fein) ; — out, l^eran^'fatten, l)inau8'fatten ; — oyer, urn 'fatten. familiar, t)ertrantid^.j family, gami'Ue, /., pi %amu lien. far, ireit; — distant, treit entfernt. fare, ga^r'preig, m. -e«, pi -t, 2;a?e, /., pi -n ; gat)r'gelb, n. -(e)g, pi -er. farewell, lebe n)ol)I, leben @ie n)o^t. farther, lt)eiter; — down, njeiter ^innn'ter ; — up, n)ei= ter tiorn. fashion, 9}Jobe, /., p?. -n. fashionable, — people, bie feine 5Belt ; — women, bie S)amen ber feinen 2BeIt. fast, fcf)nett ; be — , gain time, t3or'get)en, irreg. (fein). fat, fett. father, 35ater, m. -8, pZ. S5ater. Faust {the opera), 9JJargare'te,/. fayorable, giinftig. fear, fiirt^ten. fee {gratuity), 2^rinf'gelb, n. -(ejg, pi -er. feel, fii^ten. few, a — , ein paar, einigc. fifteenth, fnnf;;e^nt, funfge^nt. fifth, fiinft. fifty, fiinfaig, funfgig. filtered, ftltriert {fr. filtric% ren). final, — examination (for en- tering Univ.), 3}iatnvitatg'e|'a== men, n. -^, pi -ej:amina. find, finben, irreg.; — again, mie'berfinben. fine, fd)on ; fein ; — specimen, ^rad^t'e^emptar, n. -(e)g, pi -e. finish, t)otten'ben ; — writing, fertig fd^reiben, irreg. firm, girma, /., pi pitmen, §ang, n. -e§, pi §dufer. first, erft; guerff, adv. fish, gifc^, m. -e§, pi -c. fit, paffen (fur) ; ft^en, irreg, (w. dat); be fitted, paffen [for, fiir). fiye, fiinf, — thousand, fixnf tanfenb ; a five, ein giinfer, m. -8, pi -. fix, an^'beffern. fixed, feft. floor, first — up, eine 2:reppc .^od^ ; second — , gtt)ei 2^rep* pen 1)0 d), etc. fluently, gelanfig, fliegenb. follow, fotgen {dat.) foot, S»6^ ^- -^^f P^' 5«6c; on foot, gu gn6. for, benn, oonj. ; (because) meit ; prep., fiir, gn, nad^, gegen, anf. forbid, toerbieten, irreg. (dat, of pers. and ace. of thing). VOCABULARY. 57 foreign^ au8'it>artig. foreigner, grembe,m. -n,pl-n, forenoon, SSor'ntittag, m. -(e)«, pi -e. forget, oergeffen, irreg, fork, @abel, /., pi -n. fortnight, Dierge^n Stage, m. pi forty, tJieqig. forwards, Dor'tuartS. four, oier. fowl, ®epge(, w. -«. foyer, got)er (i^. pron., goajee), m. or n. -g, pi -g. fragile, gerbred^Udft» franc, Sran!(e), m. -en, p?. -en. Frankfort, gran!' fur t, n. -g. Frederick, griebrlc^, m. -« ; — street station, 53a^n'^of grieb'ric^ftrage. free, frei ; — of duty, fteu'er* fret; — baggage, grei'ge:= pad, n. -(e)g, pi -e. freeze, frieren, irreg. ; — over, i^u'frieren. freight train, ©il'tergug, m. -c§, pi -giige. French, frango'fifc^. frequently, ^aufig. fresh, frifd^. freshman, '^yx&j^, m, -eg, pi gucl)fe. Friday, grei'tag, m. -§, pZ. -e. fried, geroftet (/r. roften). friend, grennb, m. -eg, p?. -e ; grcunbin, /., pZ. -blnnen. frightful, furc^'ternd). from, Don, ang, dat ; — four to seven, tJier big fieben. fi*ont {room), na6) born 1)uu aug'. fruit, grud^t, /., pi griid^tc. fuu, Don. fully, Doll, DoIIig. furnished, mobUert (/r. mob- Ue'ren). gain, Derbienen, geminnen, tr- reg. ; — time, uor'ge^en, ir- reg, (feiu). gallery, Sftang, m. -eg, p^. 9^dngc; ©allerie', /., pi, -rien. game(aer- fid^'ernngggefeUfd^aft, /., pi -en. intend, ben!en, irreg., ge* benfen, brab'fid)tigcn. intermediate station, S^vV^ fd^enftation,/., pi -en. intermission, 3^ifc^'cttaft, m. -(e)g, pi -e. into, in {prep. w. ace). introduction, letter of — , (SmpfeVIung^brief, m. -(e)g, pi -e ; ©mpfeVIunggfd^reiben, n. -8. inundation, Uberjd)tt)em'mung, /•, pi' -en. invention, (Srfinbnng,/.,pZ. -en. invite, ein'laben, irreg. iron, biigeln. Sifen, n. -8, irreparable, nnerfetg'Iic^. it, e«, il)n, fte; w. prep,, ha; in — , barin'; with — , ba* mit', etc. Italy, 3ta'lien, n. -6. jelly, ®etee' {Fr. g = zh), n. -8, pi -^; (Sin'gemad)te«,n. {decl like adj.). jeweler, 3nn)eUer', m. -g, pi -e. Joan of Arc, 3ol^an'na b'3lrc. Johnstown, 3o^n§ton)n, n, -g. joyous, feftUd); fro^Urf). Juliet, 3nlia, /. -«, or ber Sntia. jump, fpringen, irreg. ^' — the track, ang ben ©d^ienen faring en. just (now), foe'ben, gletd^, {exactly) gerabe. Kaiserhof, ^ai'jer^of, m. -(e)«. keep, be^alten, irreg.; auf'be* nja^ren. VOCABULARY. 61 key, apier, n. -8, pl -e. Uability (debt), ©rf)ulb, /., p/. -en, (liahililies) ^affioa, n. pL lie, Uegen, irreg. light, iHc^t, n. -t^, pl -tx, (-e) ; ^cIeiicf)tmtg,/.,pZ. -en. lighten (flash), bti^en. lightning, ^li^, m. -e§, pl -e. like, gent trinfen, irreg., effen, irregr., I)aben, irregr., etc.; I like that, 'i>a^ gefcittt (/r. gef alien, irre^.) mir ; I should (would) like, icfi mod)te (fr. niogen, irreg.) (gem) ; would you — , ift 3^nen gefcillig, Be* Ueben @ie lo. ace, belieben itseci to. thing as subject, and daf. of per s. Linden street, IHn'benftrage,/. line, i^i'nie, /., pl -n. linen, SBdfc^e,/., pl -n. list, ^ifte, /., pl -n; wash — , ^^\6)'itiit\, m. -%, pl -; — of plays, 9^epertoir'(e) (i<>'. oi), w. -g; — of wines, 3Selu'!arte,/.,p?. -n. listen, l)bven (fo, aiif w. ace); — to, an'^breti {w. ace). little, !lein ; a — , ein trenig, ein bigd^en, ettt)a«. lire (dweU), rt)of)nen. location, ?age,/., pl -n. locomotive, ?o!omotl't>e, /., pl -n; 9Rafd^l'ne,/., pZ. -n. long, lang {adj. or adv.); tange (adv.). longer, ntef)r, Icing er; no — , nid)t me^r. look (appear), au^'fel^en, irreg.; — at, betra(f)ten. lose, toerlie'ren, irregr. loss, 55erlnft, m. -eg, pZ. -c. lower, ^ernn'terlaffen, irreg. lunch, 3m 'big, m. -e«, pZ. -e. magnificent, prad^tuoll, ^err= lid). Maid of Orleans, 3nng'fran (f.) t)on Orleans (pron. anS as in i^r.). maiden, 9Rob(i)en, n. -§, pZ. -, 3nngfer,/.,p/. -n. mail, anf'geben, irreg. ^oft, /., pl -en. mainspring, ^rieb'feber, /., pl -n. make, madden ; — out, marf)en, ^er'ftellen, ang'^ie^en, irreg., ang'fd^reibcn, irreg., fertig fd^reiben ; {a draft) an^'ftellen, traffie'ren, giel^en. man, ^am\,m.-e^,pl. 3J?anncr ; (person) Mm^dj, m. -en, pl -en. manageable, leitbar. many, Diel ; — a, mand^cr, -e, -eg. Margaret, iD^argare'te, /. -n«, or ber -. mark, '3)lavt, f, pl -. market, Tlaxtt, m. -e§, p?. 9Jiar!te ; — haU, 3)^arft'I)aUe, /., pl -n. mashed potatoes, ^artoff'el^' mu§, n. -eS. matchbox, gen'er^eng^n. -(e)«, P?. -e. material, SD^ateriar(e), n. -g, pZ. -alien. VOCABULARY. 63 matter, be the — , jein, irreg, (fein), fe^teu {wUh, dot.). may, mogen, irreg., biirfen, ir- reg,, fonnen, irreg, Mayence, 3Jiaii^, n. meal, (Sffeii, n, -g. mean, bcbcuten ; by no means, fei'ue«rt)eg§. meantime, in the — , unter= beff'cn. measure, SJiag, n, -e§, pi -e. meat^ ?^teifc^, n. -eg, pi. -e; cold — , faltc tiid^c (/.). medicine, Ttehii'm', 9Rcbicin', /.,pZ. -en. meet, begegucn (feln, dat); gu= fam'mcntreffeu {irreg., feiu) ntit. melt, ft^mcljcn {wJien intr., ir- reg.), mending, 5(uS'bcfferung,/., pi. -en. menu, ^avU, /., p^. -n. Menzel, SJ^engel, m. -g. merchandise, SSarcU; /., pi. of Bare. Meyer, TktjtXf m, -9, Michigan, 3Ri(^igan, n. -«. middle, 2«itte, /. milk, mad), f. military academy, ^rieg«% \d)\iU,f., pi, -n ; state , ®taat6'!rieg«fc^u(e. million, ^i\lion\f., pi. -en. millionaire, SD^iUionar', m. -8, pi -e. mind (desire), ?uft,/., p^ !?ufte. mineral water, 9^inerat'= raaffer, n. -8. minute, 2Jiinu'tc,/., pi. -n. grantein, n. -«, pi. -; Derfciumen, t)erfe^len. mist, Df^ebel, m. -8, pi -. mistake, ge^ler, m. -«, pZ. - ; make a — , fid) irren, fic^ t)er> red)nen. mistaken, be — , fie^ irren. misunderstand, falfc^ Dcrfte^en, irreg. misunderstanding, 9Jii6't)er* ftdnbnU, n. -niffe«, pi -niffc. moderate, mdgig, billig. moment, ^ilu'genbticf, m. -8, pi -c ; in a — , im ^ugenbUdt. money, @elb, n. -e8, pi ©elber. month, ^to'nat, m. ~(e)«, pi -c ; by the ~, monatlid^. monthly, monatUc^. more, me\)x, noci^, njeiter ; one — , nod) ein(er), -t, -(e8). morning, SD^orgen, m. -9, pi -; in the — , movgen^, beS SD^orgenS ; good — , gnten aKorgen! Saturday — , ©onn'abenb (@oniftag) frii^ ; this — , ^eute morgen ; to- morrow —, morgen frii^ ; — air, SD^or'genluft, /. moss, SSloo^, n. -e8, pi -e. mostly, gri)'6tenteU8, meiften^. mother, SKuttcr,/., pi OKiitter. mountains (mountainous dis- trict), ©ebirge, n. -9, pi -. mouth (of river), SKiinbung, /., pi -en. more (along), riicf en ; — into, eln'jie^en (irreg.) in w. ace; (change residence) um'gic^en ; — out, an^'jie^en. Mr., $err, m. -(t)n,pl -en. Mrs., grau, /., pi -en. 64 VOCABULARY. rnnch^ t)le{, fcl^r; gut; yery — , fc^r, fel^r gern; thank you yery — , ban!e beftens, mnddy, !otig. Mnnich, 9)?und^en, n. -«. mnseum, 9)?ufe'um, n. -«, pi 2Kufeen. musician, "^n'fiUv, m. -g, pZ. -. must, miiffen, irreg. mustaclie, ®d^nurr'bart, m. -«, p/. -barte. mutton-chop, §am'me(!oteIett, 71. -§, pZ. -g, -e. my, mein, -e, -. name, D^ame, m. -n8, pi -n; his name is, cr l^eigt (/r. ^cigen, irre^.); what is the ~ of, Wit l^eigt napkin, @ert)iet'te, /., pi -n. national gallery, 9?ationar= ©aUerie', /., p?. -n. natural, natiirUd^ ; not — , forced, ge^tDungen (fr. gnjin^ gen). near, na^c; neben ;• nearest, shortest, md)% necessary, notig, not'trenbig. need, brauc^en. neither, unb . . . aud^ ttid^t ; Mhe^ nid^t ; — . . . nor, treber . . . nod^. neyer, nie. new, neu. news, 9^nd^'rid^t, /.," pi -en ; what is the — 1 tt»a§ giebt e« DIeueg? — paper, 3eitung, /., pi -en. New York, ^m 5)or!, 9^eu= ?)or!, n. -g. next, ncid^fl. night, ^adjt, /., pZ. D^ad^tc. nine, neun. nineteenth, neunge^nt. no, neln ; adj., !ein, -e, - ; — one, niemanb; — longer, nld)t mel&r. noble, ebel. none, feiner, -e, -e8. nor, and) nid^t ; neither . • . — , meber . . . noc^. North German Lloyd, 92orb'* beutfd^ev 2iotjh. north wind, 9^orb'tt)inb, m, -(e)«, pi -e. nose, ^a]t, /., pi -n. not, nid)t ; — a, fein, -c, - ; — at all, gar nid^t note (promissory) J @d^ulb'* fd&ein, m. -g, pi -t, ^anb'* jd^ein, m., §aub'tped^fel, m. -g,pZ. -. nothing, ntd^ts. notice, nierfen. now, nun, je^t. number, numerie'ren* S'iunt* mer,/., pi -n; C/ig^wre) 3a^I, /., pi -en. obliged, tjerbunben (/r. tier* binben, irreg.) ^ be — , tier* ^flid[)tet fein. obsolete, oeraltet. obtain, eriangen. occupation, 9lnf, m. -eg, pZ. -c ; 53etdf)aftignng,/., pi -en. occupy, befeljen. occur, Uor'fommen, irreg. (fein). o'clock, U^r,/., iw^cZ. of, t»on, au§ (dat); often not to he translated^ a glass of water, VOCABULARY. 65 ein ®Ia8 SSaffer; sometimes tnlt is used, a decanter of water, elite ^araff'c ntit SBaffer. off, dh, adv. or sep. pref. offer, an'bietcu, irreg. office, taffe, /., pi. -n ; %mt, n. -eg, pL toter ; ^Bureau' (pron. bii^ro '), n. -g, pZ. -«, or -Tc, often, oft, t)dufig. oh, ad) I oil, 6(, n. -(e)g, pZ. -e. old, alt. omelet, (Si'erfud^en, m. -6, pL -, Omelet' te, /., pi. -n, omnibus, Om'uibu§,m. -buffed, pi -buffe ; — line, Om'ni= bu^Uuie, /., pi. -n. on, an, auf, init, ilber. one, eln, -e, - ; a — , ein (Sin* fer, m. -g, pZ. - ; — , they, man (nom. sing, only); any — , some — , jemanb ; one's, fein, -e, -. once, ein'mal ; at — , fogteid^', gleid). only, nur, attein'* open, bffnen, anf madden ; (un- lock) auf'fd^liegen, irreg. ; (adj.) off en, geoffnet ; (of a room) ge^en, irreg. (fein) (on, anf w. ace). opera, O^jer, /., pi. -n; — house, £)>ernl)ang, n. -eg, pZ. -^dufer ; — square, D'pernplalj, m. -eg, pi. -ptd^e; — glass, O'pern^ gucfer, m. -g, pZ. -, £)>ern- glag, n. -e«, pi. -gldfer. opposite, entge'gengefe^t ; ge'* geniiber (following dat.). or, ober ; fonft ; (to) big, ten or twelve, 3e{)n big gtDoIf. orange, ^Ipfelfi'ne, /., p^. -n. Orchard Lake^ Orc^arb i?afc, n. order, Orbnung, /., pi. -en; out of — , in Unorbnung, (colloquial) faput ; to — , give an — , befteHen. original edition, Original^ auggabe, /., pi. -n, other, anber. out, aug (adv.); — of, ang, anger (prep. w. dat.). oyer, iiber (prep. w. dat. or ace); (adv.) ang, gn @nbe. overcharge, tior'jd^Iagen, ir- reg. overcoat, ii'bergie^er, m. -g, pi.-. overflow, aug'treten, irreg. (fein), overgrow, iiberttjad^'fen, irreg. overture, Onbertnrc (Fr. u, il), /., pi -n. own, eigen, oyster, Sluftev, /., pi -n. pack, ^acfen, ein'^adfen, auf* padtiu package, ^a!et', n. -g, pi -t. pair, ^aar, n. -eg, pi -e. paper, ^a^ier', n. -(e)g,pi. -e; news — , 3eitung,/., pi -en ; morning —,2)?or'gen3eitnng, /.; — cutter, ^apier'meffer, 71. . -g, pi - ; — weight, 33rief'befd)merer, m. -g, pi -. parade, ^ara'be, /.,,pi. -n. 66 VOCABULARY. parcel, ^acfet', n, -§, pi -t, @tiidt, n. -e§, pi. -e. pardon, ^'ergei^ung,/., pi -en ; I beg yoor — , bitte, id) bitte urn 5>er,;^ci^ung, ^^arbon ! (pron. on as in Pr.). pare, fci)dlen» parents, (Sltern, pZ. Paris, ^^axi^' ; ^ari'fer (iwdcZ. parquet, ^^Jar!ett', n. -(e)«, p?. -e, -g, part (roZe), 9toIIe, /., pi -n ; — of the city, Stabt'toicrtel, n. -g, pL -. pass, relc^en, gu'fommen (ir- regf., feiu) taffen, irreg.; {take place) gefrfie^eu, irreg. (fein) ; — over, fa^ren (irreg.), etc., iiberto. ace; {an examination) mac^eu, beftel)eu, irregr. passage, U'berfa^rt,/., p?. -en. passage-way, ®ang, m. -e^, pi @dnge. passenger, ^^3affagier' {Fr. g = zh), m. -{c)^,pl -e; first-class passengers {on steamer), ^])af= fagiere erfter Piaffe, or erfte ^aiix'tenpaffagiere, (B. B.) 9^eifenbe erfter tlaffe. passport, 'iPag, m. -e§,pZ. ^dffe. past, half — three, ^atb uier, etc. patronized, well — , ftarf be= fud)t. pavement, ^flafter, n. -«, pi -; {raised center of a street) 2)amm, m. -(e)§, pL 2)dmme. pay, bejaljten, an^'j;a^len, ent= rid^ten; — duty On, t)er= ftenern; ^efolbnng, /., pi -en, 2oljn, m. {n.) -e«, pi ?o^ne. payable, jaljlbar. payment, B^^^i^^S//-' P^* -^^' pea, (Erbfe, /., p/. -u. peach, ^firfid), m. -g, pZ. -c (/., pl -en). pear, iBlrne, /., pl -n. pearl, "iperle, /., pl -n. pen, geber,/., pl -n ; steel — , ^ta^ffeber, /.; — holder, ge'bert)alter, m. -^,pl -. Pennsylvania, "»)3ennit}lt)a'nien, n. -§. people, ![?eute, pZ. pepper, ^|>feffer, m. -8. per cent., ^J3ro3ent', ^rocent', n. -§, pl -e. perhaps, t)leUeld)t'. permanent, fte^enb {fr. ftel^en, irre^.). person, 2)?enfc^, m. -en, pZ. -en. pfennig, ^f^nnig, m. -^,p?. -e. philosophy, $^ilo)op^ie',/., pZ. -n. physician, "^xit, m. -t^, pl fcste. piece, ©tiicf, n. -e§, pZ. -c, rci8, m. -e§, pi - e. principal role, par^ §aupt'=» roUe, /., pi -u. prison, ©cfdngnig, n. -niffeS, pi -niffe ; spend (time) in — , ab'Ti^c^f '^«i/- private, — apartment(s), ^ri= uat'iuo^nung, /., pi -en; — hotel, mobtie'rteg ^otel, $otel garnit 68 VOCABULARY. probably, n)al)r'fcf)einUd), professor, ^rofeff'or, m. -^,pl. -fo'ren. profitable, ®ett)lnn (m.) brln= genb, irreg. program, Xljta' ttv^ttttl, m. -g, pi-, prohibit, Derbieten, irreg. prompter, ©ouffleur' {Fr, eu), m. -§, pi. -e ; prompter's box, @ouff(eur'faften, m. -g, pL-. promptly, piinlt, pun!tUd^» pronounce, au^'fpred^en, ir- pronunciation, ^UiS'fprad^e, /. proper, fdjidUrf). prose, 'J3ro}a, /. prove, betDel(en,irref;.; —one's identity, ftc^ legitimle'ren* provide, u erf el) en, irreg, public, ^ub'Ufum, n. -« ; in — , offentUt^, pull, sielien, irreg, {at, or on, an w. dat) ; reigen, irreg.; — on, an'giel^en, an'brlngen, irreg. pumps, S^an^'jc^u^e, m, pi. of punch, couple'ren. punctuation mark, 3nter^nn!* tiong'gei(i)en, n. -%, pi. -. punishment, Strafe,/., pi. -n» purchase, Ibfen. (Sln'tauf, m. -(e)g, pi -fcinfe. push, briirfen; — about, fic^ l^erum'ftogen, irreg, put, t^nn, irreg,, ^In'tl^nn, laben, irreg., legen ; — on, an'jiel)en, irreg.; — up, ein^ Icl^ren (fein). quadrille, OuabrtHe {jpron. ^a-» bririe),/.,p?. -n, ^ontretan^, m. -eg, pi — tdnge, ^ontre, dontre, m. -8, pi -g. quality, ©iite,/., Onalitat',/., pi -en. quarter, 33tertel, n. -g, p^. - ; a — after nine, ein iBlertei anf 3e^n, or nad) neun ; a — to ten, brei ^iertcl anf ge^n, or ein ^iertet Dor it\)\\ ; a — of an hour, eine iBier'tel= ftnnbe. question, grage, /., pi -n, quick, rafc^, fc^nell, {colloquial) ft^ ; be — ! beeilen @ie fi(^ ! quickly, rafc^, fd)nell, gefd^mlnb, {colloquial) fij:. quiet, rnl)ig, ftill. quire, ^nc^, n. -eg, pi ^iidjer. quite, ganj. race, @efci^Ied)t, n, -(e)g, pZ. -er. rack, 9^e^, n. -eg, pi -e, ©e^^ pdd'nefe, n. radish, 9labie'gd)en, n. -g, pZ. - railroad, or railway, (Ei'fen* ba^n, /., pi -en; brake. ^remfe, /., pi -n ; — {stock) company, @i'fenba()na!tien= gefeUf(^aft, /., pi -en; — map, D^ei'fefartc, /., pi -n ; — ticket office {sale, in hotel), (gi'fenba^nbiUett)er!anf,m. -g. rain, regnen. 9^egen, m. -g; direction for — , ^le'genfcite, /., pl -n. raise {money), lofen. rapidly, fc^neH. rare {cooked), raenig gebrateu (braten, irreg.). VOCABULARY. rasor, 9iafier'meffer, n. -a, pi. -, aSeffciv n. raspberry, §im'bcei*e,/.,pZ.-u. rather, Ueber ; should, or would — , ntbd)te (mogen, ir- reg,) (icbev. reach, erreld^en. read, lefen, irreg. ready, fertig, bereit ; get — , ftd^ fertig madden. real (genuine), td)t receipt, quittie'ren. Cuittiiug, /., pi -en, (Smpfang'fc^ein, m. -§, p?. -e. receiye, er!^alten, irreg., befom= mtn, irreg. ; empfang en, irre^.; auf'ne^men, irreg. j- — back {c?iange\ Ijeran^'befommen. reception room, (Smpfang8% gimmer, n. -^, pi -. recognize, fennen, irreg., tx^ fennen. recommend, em^febten, irreg. recoyered, to hare — , trieber^: ber'geftellt fetn (/r. luieber:^ l^er'ftellen). red, rot. reduced, rebujie'rt (Jr. rebu= gie'ren). refreshment, @rfrif d^ung, ■ /. , pi -en ; — room, $Reftanra= tion', /., pi -en, {B: R.) ^a^n'^of^reftauratlon, /. regards, ©riige (m. pi of ©rug), (Smpfe^htngen (/. pi of Sm^)fel^Uing) ; giye my — to, empfe^ten (irreg.) ®ie mid) an 10. ace, nteine ©riige an w. ace. register, ein'fdbreiben, irreg.; grem'benbui^, n. -e^, pi -hiidjtx. regular, re'gettttagig. regulate, regnUe'ren, Reichstag, 9ieic^§'tag, m. -(e)8. related, uern^anbt (to, mit). remain, bleiben, irreg. (fein), ^idj anf fatten, irreg. remedy, dnbern. remember, — me to him, griigcn @ie il^n t)on mlr. renowned, berii^mt. rent, mieten, tei^en, irreg. repair, reparle'ren, aus'beffern. repeat^ tt)iebcrl)o'len. repeatedly, nte^r'matg. reply, ^nt'njort, /., pi -en (to, anf w. ace). represent, i^or'ftellen. reserre, belegen, be^alten, ir- reg., referbie'ren ; nume* rie'ren. residence, SBol^nung, /., pi -en ; take up a— , e in Domigil' (2)omicir) auf'fd)Iagen, irreg. rest, aug'ru^en. (remainder) 9left, m. -e§, pi -e. restaurant, 9leftauration', /., pi -en. retain, bel^alten, irreg. return, jurucf'fommen, irreg, (fein), gnrncf'fe^ren (fein). review, S^ecenfton', /., pi -en. reward, iBelo^nung,/., pi -en. rich, reid^. ride, S^^itt, m. -e«, pi -e; reiten, irreg.; — up, l^inauf'^ reiten (fein). right, be — , red^t ^aben, irreg.; be not — , nn'rec^t ^aben ; (correct) rid^tig ; to, at, on the — , ret|ta, 3ur 9iec^ten ; to the --, nad^ red^ta ; all — ! fc^on! gnt! 70 VOCABULARY. rightly, ric^tig, red^t. riii&j fUngehi, fd^eUen, tauten ; the bell has rung', eg l^at ge< fUngelt. 9^iiig, m. -eg, pi. -e ; diamond — , !5)lantant'ring, m. rip, auf'gel)en, irreg, (fein), rise, auf'fte^en, irreg. (fein) ; auf'fteigen, irreg. (fein) ; {of the sun) auf'ge^en, irreg. (fein), Rltter, 9^itter, m. -8. rlyer, glug, m. -eg, pZ. gliiffe. road, Seg, m. -eg, p?. -e ; 53a^n, /., pZ. -en; rail — , ©i'jenbal^n, /. roast, ^raten, m. -g, pl.-\ — beef, S^lin'berbraten, m.; — meat, iBraten, roasted, well — , burd^'ge= braten (braten, irreg.). role, ^RoHe, /., pi. -n» roll, ^ornd^en, n. -g, p?. -. roUing, ®d^tt)an!en, w. -g. Rome, 9lom, n, -g. room, 3in^Jner, n. -g, pi. -; hammer,/., pZ. -u ; ^lat?, m. -eg, p^. ^lalje; 9^utniner, /., pi. -n ; (dioeW) logie'reu {Fr. g = z^)- rongh, un'geftum* round-trip ticket, Slunb'rcife^^ billet {pron. biU^et')/ »i. -g, pi. -billette, -biUetg. row, 9ieit)e, /., pi. -n. royal, fbuiglic^ ; the Royal Theater (in Berlin), bag ^oniglic^e @^au'fpiel^aiig, nm, laufen, irreg.; — about, lucrum 'lauf en (fein); —down, ab'Iaufen (fein) ; — in, ein'= lanfen (fein) ; fii^ren. sail, fegeln, ob'fegeln. salad, ©a'lat, m. -(e)g,pZ. -c. salary, ©e^alt, n. or m. -g, pi -e; ©age (Fr. g=zh)J.,pl. -n. salt, ©alg, n. -eg, pi. -e; — meat, (Sal^'fteifi^, n. -eg, pZ. -e ; — pork (— meat), ^o'* telfleifcl), n. same, the -, ber, bic, \>a%^ fel'be ; all the — , alleg eing, ei'nerlei. sample, ^robe, /., pi. -n. sandwich, g(eifd^'butterbrot, n. -g, pi -e, gleifd^'butter- brotti^en, n. -g, pi -. satisfied, gnfrie'ben. Saturday, ©onn'abenb, m. -g, p^. -e, (gamg'tag, m. -g, p/. -e ; — eyening', ©onn'abenb abenb. sausage, SSurft, /., pL SBiirfte. say, fag en, reben. scarcely, fanm. scenery, ©eforotio'nen (/. pL of 2)e!oration')- schedule, — of fare(s), gal^r'* taye,/., pZ. -n. scorching, brennenb, irreg, sea, ajJeer, w. -eg, pi -c, @ee, /., pi -n ; — sick, fec'fran!. seam, 9^a^t, /., pi 9^a^te. seat, ^-Pla^, m. -eg, pi $la^e, @i^, m. -eg, pi -e ; (m cars, carriage, etc., w. hack to front) 9lucf'fi^/ (facing front) ^or'berfi^ ; —in a box {thea- ter), l^o'genpla^ (Fr. g = zh), m. ; — in parquet, ^arfett'* pla^, m. second, gmelt ; tnittter. secure, ficf)ern ; lofen. see, fe^en, irreg.; an'fel^en; VOCABULARY. 71 nad^'fe^en; — beforehand, t)orou8'fe^en ; — to, — to getting, — to taking^ be= f org en. geem^ fc^cincn, irreg, seldom, felten. self-acting, feibft'toirfenb. sell, oerfaufen. seltzer water, @ertcrtt)affer, n. -§. send, fd)i(fen, fenben, irreg. or reg.; ^iu'fc^icfen ; auf'geben, irreg. / —for, ^oleu laff en, irreg. sender, 5lb'fenber, m. -%, pi. -. sentence, @a^, m. -eg, pi. @d^e. separate, fid) trcnnen. senrant, ^cbicnte, m. -n, pi -n ; ^ettner, m. -g, pi. -. senre, bebiencn ; auf tragen, ir- reg. service, 33ebienung, /., pi -en. session, @i^ung, /., pi -en. set, fetjen ; — down, ab'fe^en. seven, fieben. several, met)rere. Shakespeare, ©^afefpearc, m. -8. shall, rt)erben, irreg. (fein), foUen, irreg. sharp, f(f)arf ; at nine o'clock — , pun!t neun Ubr. shave, barbie' ren, rajie'ren. she, fie (eg, er). sheet, 53Iatt, n. -e«, pi flatter, Sogen, m. -g, pZ. -. shine, fc^einen, irreg. ship, @d)iff, n. -eg, pi -c. shirt, §emb, n. -eg, pi -en. shoe, ©c^nt), m. -eg, p?. -e ; — maker, ©d^uVmac^er, m. -g, ipl-. shont, rufen, irregr. show, geigen ; — up, condnct, l^inauf'fii^ren. sick, fran!; make — , !ran! madden, U'belfeit tjerur'fad^en. side, ®eite, /., pi -n. sidewalk, ^Irottoir' {Fr. oi\ n. -g, pi -g. sight, ®lrf)t, /.; ©e'^engttJilr= bigfeit, /., pi -en. signal, 3^id)ci^f ^- -^r P^- - (for, gn) ; (announce) metben. signature, Un'terfcf)rift, /., pi -en. silk, eeibe, /., pi -n; silks, ©el'benmare, /., pi -n ; — hat, St)Un'ber^ut, m. -g, pi -f)utc ; — department, ^b'* teUung (/.) ber @ei'ben* njaren. silver, ©ilber, n, -g. simple, einfai^. since, felt, prep. w. daU; fett« bem', conj.^ adv. sing, ftngen, irreg, singer, ©dnger, m. -g, pi -, ©dngerin, /., pi -rinnen. singing, @ingen, n. -g. sir, §err, m. -(e)n, pi -en, gna- biger §err. sirloin of beef, l^en'benbratcn, m. -g, pi -. sister, ®d)tt)efter, /., p/. -n. sit, ftljen, irre^r.; — down, fid) fefeen. sitting room, ilSo^n'aitttmer, n. -g, p/. -. six, fed^g. sixteen, fed^ge^n. sixtieth, fed^gig^ sixty, feci)^ig. size^ ©rbge, /., pi -xt. 73 VOCABULARY. skin, ^aut, /., pi §autc. sky, §immel, m. -^,pl- (in, an). s'eep, fd)Iafeu, irreg.; have one^s sleep out, au^'fdilafen. sleeper, sleeping car, ©d^Iaf^ UJaggon (pron. on as in Fr.\ m. -^, pi -g, ©d^lafmagen, m. -§, pZ. -. sleepy, fcf)Iafrig. slippery, fd^Iupfrig. slow, be — , lose time^ naci|^ gel)en, irreg. (fein). slowly, tang f am, small, ftetn. smoke, rand^en ; ^andj, m. -e§. smoked, gerdud^ert. smoker^ 3f?aucf)er, m. -g, pZ. - ; (car, coach) 3^and^'con^e, n. -g, pi -§ ; one who does not smoke, "iRi^^Vvan^tx, m. -g, pi-. smoking*^ '^andjtn, n. -^ ; — car, 9^anc^'coupe,n. -g,pZ.-g. smooth, gtatt ; ^axt snow, fd^neien ; @cf)nee, m. -g. so, fo ; eg ; Is that — ? jo ? — that, tia% fo bag. soft, iDeid^, j^art soiled, fc^mn^ig. sole, @ol)Ie, /., p?. -n; put new soles on, nen befo^Ien. solo, ®oto, n. -8, pi -g. some, etmag, tiniQt, often not to he translated ; — one, jemanb ; for — time, langere ^tit something, etmag. sometimes, bigmcl'Ien. somewhat, etmag. son, @o{)n, m. -eg, pi @o!)ne. soon, halh ; as — as, job alb. soprano, ®opran', m. -g ; {singer) ^ofjran'janger, m. ~g^ pi -, ©opran'jdngcrin,/., pi. -rlnnen. sorry, I am — , eg t^^nt {irreg,) mir leib, id} bebaure. soup, ®nppe, /., pi -n. speak^ jpred)en, irreg., reben. specimen, ^robe, /., pi -n, (S^einplav', n. -eg, p?. -e ; fine — , ^rad^t'e3[:emplar, n. speed, ®(!)netllg!eit, /., @e= jc^minblgfeit, /. spend, t)erbringen, irreg., gn^ bring en ; — in prison, ab'^ ft^en, irreg. split, — the difference, bic S)ifferenj' teilen. spoon, ?o.ffet, m. -g, pi -; dessert — , 2)efjert'(offe(, m. spread, be (fen. square (place), ^la^, m. -eg, pZ. ^la^e ; opera — , O'pern* piai}, m.; adj. ftnm^f. stage, ^nf)ne, /., pi -n; — coach^ ^oft'magen, m. -g, pZ. -. stairs, a flight of — , Xvtppt, /., pi -n ; down — , nnten ; up — , oben. stamp, ftem^etn ; postage — , S3riej'mar!e, /., pi -n. stand, fte{)en, irreg.; (bear) t)er* tragen, irreg. start, ab'reijen (jein), ab'ge^en, irreg. (jein), ab' fasten, irreg. (jein). station, ^Bal^n'^of, m. -(e)g, pi -l^ofe ; Station',/., p?. -en. stationer, papier' ^dnbler, m. -g,p?. -. stay, bleiben, irreg. (jein) ; — oyer night, iibernac^'ten; {put up) einie^ven (jein). VOCABULARY. x73 steamer, 2)ampfer, m. -«, pi - ; 2)ampf'fd)iff, n. -t^fpl. -e. steamship, 3)ampf 'frf)iff, n. -e8, pZ. -e; S)ampfer, m. -^, pZ. -; — company, 2)atnpf'= fd^iffaf)rt^geieajd)aft, /., p/. -en ; — line, 2)amp'ferUnie, /., pi -n. steel, @ta^(, m. ~c^,pl. ®tdl)Ie ; — pen, ^ta\)V]thtx,f.,pL -n. stem- winder, 9^emontotr'u^r (i^K oi), /., pi. -en. step, treten, irreg. (feln) ; — in, ein'treten, ein'fteigen, ir- reg, (fein), fteigen in w. ace. stewed, gebunftet. stiff (wind), jc^arf. stifled, be —3 erfticfen {voith, from, t3or, an w. dat). still, noc!^, adv. stock, 51!' tie, /., ph -n. stone, ®tein, m. -e«, pZ. -e ; precious — , S'belftein, m. stop, ^alten, irreg., an'^alten ; ftel^en, irreg., bleiben, irreg. (fein) ; {put up) ein'fe^ren (fein) ; — {payment), ein^ fteUen. ^nf entt)a(t, m. -g. stopping place (s^ree^ cars, etc.), §ar teftelle, /., pL -n, ^n'= ^altefteUe, /. store, li?aben, m. -§, pZ. ?aben. storm, thnnder — , ©eraitter, w. -^, pi. -. story, ®to(f, m. -e«, p/. @tbcfe, ©tocf'njerf, n. -§, pZ. -e ; second — , jwei Streppen ^oc^. straight, gerabe, adj. or adv.; ftracfg, adv.; —ahead, gerabe aug. strawberry, ©rb'beere, f.,pl. street, ©trage, /., pi -n; — car, • $fer'bebaftnn)agen, m. -g, p2. -; — door, §an8'* tl)iir(e), /., pZ. -en; — rail- way, — cars, ^]3fer'beba5n, /., pi -cu, ^43fcv'bceifenbal^n, /. strike, fd^Iagen, irreg,; ein'=» jdjlagen in w, ace; {a light) an'j^iinbem strict, ftveng. strong, ftarf. student life, @tnben'tenleben, n. -g. study, ftubie'ren. subscribe, abonnie'ren {for, anf w. ace). such, fold^ ; — a, ein folcfjer, eine fold^e, ein fotd)e§ ; — a thing, a thing like that, fo etujag. suddenly, ptbljlid^. suffer, erieiben, irreg. sufficient, ^in'rei(^enb, genug. sugar, Bolder , m. -§, pi -. suit {please), gef alien, irreg, {dat.). 5ln'3ug, m. -(e)8, pi -^itge. summer, @ommcr, m. -g, pi -; — residence, @om'nter= n)ot)mtng, /., pi -en, !?anb% l)au§, n. -eg, pi -pnfer ; ^anb'fi^f ^. -e§, p^. -e. sun, @onne, /., pi -n. supper, ^'benbefi'cn, n. -8, 51'benbbrot, n. -g. supplementary ticket, @rgdn'* gung^billet {pron., biU^et'), n. -g, pZ. -Ictte, -lets. suppose, tjermnten. sure, to be — I al'IerbingS, gc* it)i6. u VOCABULARY. surely, ftd^er. surrounding country, Umge% ^ii"g./» P^' -en. sweet, fiig. — bread, 2Bro«= c^en, n. -§, pi. -. swim, fd) trim in en, irreg. swimming scliool, @c^tt)lmm'= frf)iile, /., pi -n. Swiss costume, (Sd^njel'^er^ trad)t, /., pi. -en. switchman, SBei'd^enftcEer, m. -g,p/. -. table, Sif^, m. -e«, pi. -e. table d'hote, SSirt^'tafel, /., pi. -n, Stable b'§6te (pron. as inFr.)J. taUor, ©(f)neibeiv m. -§, pZ. -. take, nel)men, irreg.; effen, ir- regf.; it'mitxi, irreg.; geniegen, irreg.; {carry) tragen, irreg., beforbern ; (choose) tDd^ten ; (engage, occupy) befe^en ; (make) madden ; (regard) IjaU ten (irreg.) fiir ; (move) fd^af= fen ; (iois/i)n)unf(^en ; (a road) ein'fd)Iagen, irreg.; — away, ab'ne^men, treg'rdnmen, tt)eg'net)men ; — care, adjU geben, irreg.; — on, in, ein'> ne^men; — along, with one, mit'ne^men ; -— up (a note), ein'lofen ; — up (a residence), auf'fd)lagen ; — up again, uneberanf'nel)men. tall, grog. Tannhauser, Slann'liaufer, m. taste, foften; fdimecfen. fcftmoct, m. -g. tasty, gefd^mo(ft)oII. tea- Xijtt, m, -«, @e. telegraph, telcgrartie'rcn ; — office, jlelegra'^^enamt, n. -(e)§, pi. -dmter, (in hotel) ^elegra'ipl^enbureau (bn=ro'), n. -g, pi. -g, or -J ; by — , pn XtUqxaplj' (m.), it\u gra>{)if(f). telegram, S)epe(d^'e, /., pi. -n, S^elegramm', n. -(e)g, pi. -e ; by — , per ^etcgrapVf tele* gra>f)ifcf). telephone, gern'fpred^er, m. -g, ph -, ^etep^on', n. -%,pl. -c ; 5?ern'fprec^einric^tung, /., pi -en; — office, '^txn\)?xt6)* ftelle, /., pi -% f?ern'ipred&» ami, n. -§>, pi -amter. tell, fag en (to one, dat.). ten, get)n ; a — , cin S^^ner, m. -^,pl-. tender, miirbe, gart. (B. B.) Xenber, m. -^, pi -. tenor, Stenor', m. -Q,pl -e. text, Xt^t, m. -e«, pi -e, than, al@. thank, ban!en, dat. that, ber, biejer, jener; (ret. pronoun) htv, ttjeld^er, UJaS; (conj.) t>a^; so — , ba% fo baj3 ; with — , bamit' ; in order — , bamit'. thaw, tanen. the, ber, bie, t)a^, theater, X^ea'ter, n. -8, pi - ; (representation) ©piel, n. -e§, pi -e, ^Sor'ftellnng,/., pi -en. then, ba'mat«, bann ; bcnn. there, t^a, ba^ln', bort ; — is, are, eg ift, fmb. thereafter, thereupon, bar* auf. VOCABULARY. 75 therefore, bal)er', a[\o, bem* nad)'. these, biefc ; bicfeS, \>a^, efe, they, fie, \>a^, c§ ; ntan {nom. sing. only). thick, hidjt ; bicf. thing, (Baiijt, /., pZ. -n, S)lng, n. -e§, p^ -c. think, benfen, irreg., glauben, fiuben, irreg. third, brltt. thirs^, burftig ; be — , burftig fcin, or c§ biirftet, etc., w. ace. of per s. thirty, breigig ; — flye, fiinf unb brcigig. this, bicfer, -e, -e8 ; bcr, W, ba«. tiiose, biefc, jene, bie; biefeg, icneS, ba«, e§. thousand, taufenb. three, bvei. through, bur(^, prep. w. ace.,- adv., ou§, gu (Snbe ; a — coach, ein buvc^'ge^enber SBagen. throw, Uievfen, irreg.,- —down, wm'reigen, irreg., um'merfeu ; — upside down, bnrd)einan'= bernierfen. Thursday, 3)on'ner«tog, m. -^, pi -e. ticket, ^iUet' (pron. SBiU^et'), n. -Q, pi -lette, or -lets ; return — , 9?unb'reifebiUet, n.; — office, 53iUet'faffe,/., pi -r\, taffe, /. Tiergarten, ^ier'garten, m. -§ {name of a park in Berlin). tight, eng. time, S^it, /., pl -en, ©tunbe, /., pl -n, Tta\, n. -t^,pl -c ; U^r, /., indcl; what — , n)ie Diet Ubr, at what — , \\m mic toiel U^r ; in — , red)t'geitig ; a long — , lange, lange 3cit ; at the same — , gug(eid)' ; — of day, 2:a'gc«ftnnbe,/.; the first — , sum erften ilJlal ; — table, ga^r'ptatt, m. ~(e)«; pl -t, -^Icine. tired, miibe, ermiibct to, },\x, bi§ ^u, bi§, auf, nad^, tnit, an, bei; in order--, um . . . gu w. infinitive ; from •••to««*, t)on . . . bi§ . . . to-day, l)eute ; — 's, ^eutig, adj, together, jufam'men, adv. or sep. pref. to-morrow, morgen ; — morn- ing, tnorgeu frii^ ; — eren- ing, morgen abenb; day after — , ii'bcrmorgen. to-night, l^eute abenb. too, su ; ip^so) ou(^. tooth, B^^u, m. -e§, pl 35^tic. top, on — , oben ; auf bem {or ba§) ^erbecf. towards, ge'gen, prep. w. ace. towel, ^ant>'tnd), n. -c8, pl -tiidjtv. town, @tabt, /., pl @tabtc. track, ©eleife, n. -g, pl -, ®(ei«, n. -e^, pl -e, @c^ie% nengteig, n. ; {rails) ©t^iencn (/. pL of @d)iene). trade, §anbe(,m. -^,pl $onbeL tragedy, !j;rau'erf^)iel, n. -(e)8, pl -e. tragic, tragifd^. train, ^nc^, m. -e«, pl 3ugc. tramway, ^fer'beba^n, /., pl 76 VOCABULARY. -en, ^fer'beeifenba^n, /., 2:ranttt)at), /., pL -^. transfer (ticket), ^orrefponbeng'^ maxh,f.fPl -n, Um'fteigfarte, /., pi -tu travel, reifen, traveling bag, 9iel'fetaf^e, /., pl. -n, tree, Saum, m. -e0, pl 33dume, trifle, ^(et'nlgfeit,/., pl -en, trip, 9?eife,/.,pZ. -n. troop, Xxn\iptff.,pl -n, ®e|eU- \d)a\t,f.,pl -en/ trouble, 3Ku^e, /., pl -n, 33e= mii^ung, /., pZ. -en ; take the — , fidi bemii^en ; (interrupt, disturb) ftoren, trousers, §ofen, pl true, tt)at)r. trunk, Coffer, m. -g, pl -. try, uerfud^en; probie'ren; — on, pxohit'vmr an'probieren. tunnel, Xunnel, m. -g, pl -, -g, turkey, $ute, /., p?. -n, XxnV^ \)a^nf m. -(e)g, pl -^^ne, turn, fid) tuenben ; — about, uni'fe^ren (when intr., fein). turnip, meige ^ftiibe, /., pl -n. twelve, stuolf; — hundred, j^molf {)nubert. twenty, gin an jig ; —three, brei unb i^manjig ; - four, tjier unb gttjanjtg ; — Ave, fiinf unb jnjangig ; — seven, fieben unb gnjanjig. two, iXQtU umbrella, Sf^e'genfc^irm, m. -§, pl -e» unbearable, nn'ertvagtid^. uncertain, un'fici)er. uncle, Onfel, m. -g, pl -. under, xmitXfprep.w.dat. or ace, understand^ uerftel)en, irreg.; fonnen, irreg. unengaged, frei. United States, the, ble SBerei* nigten ^Staaten, university, Unitierfitdt', /., pl -en» unoccupied, frei» unpleasant^ nn'angene'^m. unsettled, nn'beftdnbtg. Unter den Linden, Unter ben l^inben, bie l^inben. until, big; (before) beDor, el)e. up, auf, adv. orsep. pref.; anf = geftanben (fte^en, irreg.); — and down, anf nnb ((b ; — there, bort oben. upon, anf, prep. w. dot. or ace. uppers, leather for the — , D'berleber, n. -8. use, gebrauc^en, brand^en, be* nnljen ; fid) bebienen (w. gen.). ©ebrand^, m. -(e)g, pl @e= brdnc^e ; in — , gebrdud)Ud^. usually, genjo^nlid^. vacant^ frei. vacate, rdnmen. valise, 9?ei'fetafd^e, /., pl -n, laWr /. value, 5Sert, m. -eg, pl -e. vanilla ice cream, 3>anir(eeig, n. -eg. vapor, 2)nnft, m. -eg,jpZ. 2)unjle. various, oerfd^ieben. veal cutlet, kalbg'fotelett, w. -g, pl -g, -e. vegetable(s), ©cmiife, n. -3, p/. -. VOCABULARY. 77 Terse, S5er§, m. - e§, pi -c. Tery, fel)r. Test, 3Befte,/., p?. -n. yiaduct, Uberbriicf'ung, /., pi -en, 33iabuft, m. -§, pZ. -e. Ticinity, D^^d^e,/., pZ. -n. Vienna, Sieu, w. -g. view, 5(u§'fit^t, /., pi -en. vinegar, (Sffig, w- -^, pl -e. visit, befud^en. 53efud^, m. -e8, p^. -e. voice, ©timme, /., pl -n. Wagner, SBagner, m. -8. waist, XaiVU{pron. Xarje),/., pZ. -n. wait, tuarten ; — for, erraarten, njarten auf w. ace, abmarten. waiter, ^eUuer, m. -g, pZ. -. waiting room, SSar'tefaat, m. -e§, pZ. -fcile. walk, get)en, irregr. (feln), p giig gef)eu ; take a — , fpagie'reu ge^en, einen ©pa^ier'gang madden. ©pagier'gang, m. -(e)8, pl -gdnge; (passage, avenue) 5(Ilee',/., pl -n. waltz, Salter, m. -g, p?. -. want (lack), 2}?ange(, m. -8, pZ. ^JJMngel (o/, aii lo. daf.); fe^:^ len, dat of pers. ; impers. w. dat of pers. and an w, dat of thing. warm, ttiarm. washing, W6,\6)t,f.y pl -n. waste-paper basket, papier' = forb, m. -{t)%, pl -forbe. watch, U^r, /., pl -en, 2^a% frf)enuf)v, /./ — key, U!)r'= fdjliiffet, m. -8, pZ. -. water, SSaffer, n. -8 ; waters, waves, SBellen {f.plof^tX* le);— works, SSaf'fedeltung* en if. pl of SBaf'fedeitung). way, SSeg^m. -t^,pl -e; SBeife, /., pl -n ; on the — , unter* tregg'; this — ! ^ierlier'! by — of, iiber ; in tliis — , auf biefe SSeifc. we, ttjir. weak, fd^njadf). wealth, 9fleirf)tum, m. -(e)8, pl -tiimer ; {property) SSermo* gen, n. -6. wear, tragen, irreg. weather, ilSetter, n. -8; — vane, 2Set'terfa^ne,/.,pZ. -n. Wednesday, nJlitt'raoc!^, m. -8, p/. -e. week, SSod^e,/., pi!, -n. weigh, m leg en, irreg. Weimar, SSeimar, n. -8, well, {adv.\ gut, ujo^l ; nun ; as — ... . as, fon:)o^( .... al8 ; not very — , nidit bc= fonberg ; I am pretty — , e8 gel^t mlr ^iemtlc^ gut. Weser, SBefer,/. wet, nag ; become — , nag tDerben, irreg. (fein). what, inter, pro. n)a8; infer, pro. or adj. tueld^er, n:)a8 fiir; Qww) mie. when, at8 ; ttjann ; urn ttjelcfte 3eit? urn ujie t)iel U^r? {if, as often as) ttjenn. whether, ob ; I wonder — , if^ ob, conj. which, metd^er, ber, tt)a8. while, tnbem', njdftrenb ; a —, eine 3Selle ; a {little) — , ein @tuubd)en, n. -8. 78 VOCABULARY. whist, 2Bt)ift (pron, ilSifl), n. -8. whistle, pfeifen, irreg. white, meig. whither, tt)ol)in', itio , . . . ijiih who, tDer, inter, pro. ; rd. pro. ber, \V)M)n'. why, ruantm'. wide, tueit. wife, grau,/., pZ. -en ; @cma^= lin,/., pZ. -linuen. WilHainCs) street, 2BiI% {)e(m(t^)ftra6c, /. William Tell, SiHelm 2:eU, m. -g wind, auf gle^en, irreg. Stub, m. -e«, pZ. -c. window, genfter, n. -g, pZ. -. wine, 3^eiu, m. -e6, pZ. -e. win^, gliiger, m. -§, pZ. -. wipe olf, ab 'ru if rfieiu wish, moUen, irreg., ttJilnfd^en. 2Buu]d), m. -eg, pZ. 2Bunfcf)e. with, mit, bei, gu, tjon, oZZ lo, dat. within, b inn en, prep. w. dat. without, ol)ue, prep. id. ace. woman, grait,/., pi. -en, 2)ame, /.,pZ. -n; 3Seib,n. -e«,pZ. -er. wonder, n? iff en ntoc;en, both irreg.; I wonder if, whether, ob, conj. wonderful, ttJnnberbar. wondrously beautiful, yery beautiful, n)nn'berfd)on. word, Sort, n. -e§, pi. -c {in lists, etc., Shorter) ; on my — , anf ©f)re, auf mein Sort, meiner 2^rcn. work, ^r'bcit,/., pi. -en; SBerl, n. -eg, pi. -e ; works (in a watch), Serf, n. sing. worth, be — , gelten, irreg. write, fd^reiben, irreg.; —down, anf fcfireiben ; — out, au«^ fd)reiben, fd^reiben. writing materials, (Sd^reib'^ materialien, n. pi. of^^xtxV* niaterial(e). writing paper, ®d)reib 'papier, n. -(e)g,pZ. -e. wrong, nn'red^t, nn'rid^tig, falfd) ; be — , nn'red^t ^aben, irreg. yard {measure), (SUe, /., pi. -n. year, 3a^r, n. -c«, pi. -e. yes, ja ; — , indeed, bod^, ol'* lerbingg. yesterday, geftern; yesterday's, geftrig, adj. yet, noc^ ; (oZrcady) fd^on; bod^; not — , nod^ ni(^t. yonder, bort. you, @ie, 3]^nen ; bn, blr, bid^; i^r, eud^. young, jnng ; — man, 3unge, m. -n, (-nS), pZ. -n, (-n«), 3ungUng, m. -«, pi. -c. your, 3^r, bein, cncr {ded. like ein). yours, 31^rer,-e, -eg; beinef, -e, -eg ; eurev, -c, -eg ; ber, bic, bag 3^rige, 3^re, bcinigc, beine, enrige, enre. yourself, (®ie, bu, etc.) felbfl; ft*. youth, 3unge, m. ~n, (-ng), pi. -n, (-nf), SiingUng, m. -g, pZ. -c. zoological, ijooto'gift^. AJ^ ^r.i>ii^DBETic^r. LIST om the: IRREGULAR VERBS TJSEr) IN- THE "V^OCAJBXJL^RY. Compounds are not given, if the simple verb is in use. Poetical and unusual forms are omitted. Forms not indicated are regular. Infinitive. Pres. Indio. Imperat. Impf. Ind. Impf. Subj. Past Part. f&t^innen ht^ann aeddttne bdte Jbefiottnen mtUn h6i gelbaten fBinUn ibAitb ibftitbe debunben mtien — Ibat Bate ^effeien fBleihtn aiieib Iblielbe ^chliehen BtaUn bt&tft, htki htiti litiete ^ehttiien f8tt4tttn htHht M^H htaOi iitft^e qthxcdieu f&tcnntn httntnU ibtenttte ^ehtanni fBtinqtn bvac^te bf&nel^l em^falll em^fftliU, , cmpi^f^Un trnpntW em^fdl^U «ffen ilfeft. m ift af( ftfte oedeffen ^ahttn fttljt f&^te 0efal^«ett ^aUm Hu% faat nei neu oefatten 9angen ffttt0fi, 1in0, nttfie, gefnttden fftnflt tlene nenfte 9in^fn f&l)e gef(f)el^en &e\»innm delt>ann ^etifonnen meficn «ofe gcgiJffett ©telfett fitlff fin, lat>i lut> tube gelaben Sttffcn l&ffcft. l&fet lUH Uefec gelafTen ^auUn (ftufft, l&ttft aef liefe gelaufen &eiUn — - Hit Utte oeatten SclHen Hel^ lielie geUel)en ftcfen Uefeft, Ueli (iei» (a)» (ftfe gelcfen SJleoen lag IHe gelegen aWdgeit mag. ttiagfi, mag wanting m0<^mel}en \:»*' fcUmlls fc^mols f(l^mdl$e gef (^m0l$en IRREGULAR VERBS. 81 Infinitive. Pres. Indie. Imperat. Impf. Ind. Impf. Subj. Past Part. Zel)cn tiel)ft, fiel^t fiel) Zein all irreg., fei Zeiiben 9pUtn Zpte^tien Zptln^cn ZUfttn ZioHtn a:teff(>mme - fanbte, fenbete ^t^an^i, fenbete gefett^et fang fftnge gefungen faft f&fee gefcffen wanting foKte fdEte gef^Ui flJtldft T^tacift f^tft>ro4iett itftgft, ttftgt mttft, tritt mtt *>etgltf«ft, lietgifet betglft f^tang fiunb ftleg tvttg ttaf itai itant, ttttttf t>etga% l9ft(Dft toitfft, ttJltft toiitl^ toitf tola, mm, — mu f^v&nge ftiege ttttge trftfe tvate tvtinle l>evgft%e \»atf toog tolefe toen^ete \»uvf)e tottvfe todge sog |5ge $toattg itoftnge gef^tungen geftanben gefiiegen gefto^en getl^an gettagen getvoffen getveten getvunfen ^etgelTen Detl0ten getoadifen getoiefen geioanbt, geiDenbet . geiootiien getoovben geto0tfen getoogen getott%t to^Ute t»oUU getooUt gesiel^ett geiogen ge$i9ungen Aa BbCc DdEe 51 a S3 b 6 c 2) b @ e r f Gg Hh liJj Kk L 1 Mm Kn OoPp S I m wx 5« n Oo ^ t) Qq Br Sbs Tt Uu n q n X ® f e % i U u Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz « tj SB It) X j: 3) 9 3 a Compound Consonants. ch ck 8S sz Rch sp at th tz SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 1. THE GEBMAW ALPHABET. PRONUNCIATION. 21^ a, ah, a. When long, like a in father; short, same sound pronounced more quickly. 35/ 6/ bay, h. When final or followed by a consonant, like^; elsewhere, as in English. ®, C/ tsay, c. Followed by a, o, u, or a con- sonant, like k; followed by e, i, t), a or o, like ^5. ^, bf day, d. Final or at the end of a syllable followed by a consonant, like t; elsewhere, as in English. ®, e, a, e. Long, like a in hate; short, like e in pet In unaccented syllables and in endings c has nearly the sound of u in but Final unac- cented e is nearly like e in over, ^, f , efif, /. As in English. ®' Up S^Jy 9' I^inal or at the end of a syllable followed by a consonant, like 6) ; but many pro- nounce it hard, and others much like k; else- where, like g in go. ^, }^, hah, h. At the beginning of a word or part of a compound, and in the suffixes i)a\t and t)ett, like h in how; elsewhere, silent, 35 86 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 3^ i ee, i. Long, like ee in seen ; short, like i in tin. % h yot, i. Like 2/ in yes. 1^, f , kah, k As in English. 8, I, ell, Z. As in English. ' 501/ Itl emm, m. As in English. SfJ:, tt/ enn, n. As in English. C p, oh, 0. Long, like o in pole; short, some- what like in corn spoken quickly. ^ P' P^y> P' ^^ ^^ English. IS- i| koo, g. Is always followed by u. Qu is pronounced like German ftD, or like English hv pronounced without allowing the upper teeth to touch the lower lip. . 9l# t, err, r. Different from English r. Rolled or trilled, and more forcible than in English. ®, f ^f ess, s. When doubled, final, or before a consonant, like s in list ; before a vowel and not preceded by t, 6), \, m, it, r, nearly like English z, but softer. Initial f followed by p or t is more commonly pronounced like sK %, t, tay, t In the combinations tia, tie, tio, from the Latin tia, tie, tio, pronounced like ts; elsewhere, as in English. II tt oo, u. Long, like u in rule (not like u in mule) ; short, nearly like u in full. 35 t> fow, r. Initial (excepting in foreign words) and final, like /; elsewhere and in foreign words, like German tt). S5$ IP. vay, IV. Like English v pronounced without allowing the upper teeth to touch the lower lip. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 87 3E/ J, iks, X. Like Izs, ^, ^^ ipsilon, y. Like German t or it. 3f }f tset, 2. Like ts, a. German is also printed and written in the characters used for English. 6. A vowel is long when doubled or followed by silent \)] short, before a double consonant, and usually before two consonants. 2. MODIFIED VOWELS. ^, &, is pronounced nearly like German e in the same position. ©/ P/ is produced by rounding the lips as if to whistle and pronouncing English a. It, ti/ is produced by rounding the lips as if to whistle and pronouncing English e. 3. DIPHTHONGS. 5li/ aif ®i/ ei, are pronounced nearly like i in fine, 2ltt/ dU, is like ou in motcse, ^n, &tt, ®tt/ en, are nearly like oi in foil, 4. COMPOUND CONSONANTS. iSh after a, o, ii, au, is guttural; after any other vowel sound or after a consonant, it is palatal. These two sounds are produced by keeping the vocal organs nearly in the position which they have while pronouncing the vowel sound, and 88 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. forcing out the breath. ©() initial (excepting be- fore e or i), or before f of the same radical, is like h Initial 6) before e or i has usually the palatal d) sound. In words from the French dj is often like sJi, rf is equivalent to !!. ng is like ng in singer ; in compounds where n and 9 belong to different radicals, each has its own proper sound. p}^ is like/. fdb is like sh. 'g is like double s.' ^ is like 5, or ts. 5. ACCENT. a. In simple words the accent is usually on the radical syllable ; but the suffix ^ei, and At of verbs with the infinitive in ^ierert take the accent. 6. In compounds the accent is usually on« the first member : but most compound particles and compounds of direction accent the final member; likewise many compounds with all- and un=. Separable prefixes of verbs are always accented. c. The inseparable prefixes ht-, emp-, ent==, ge-, er==, t)er=, jetf^ are never accented. d Most words from foreign languages have the accent on the last syllable, or keep the accent of the original language. 6. DECLENSION. a. The nominative corresponds to our nom- inative ; the genitive to our possessive or objective SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. SO with of ; the dative to our indirect object or objective with to ox for ; the accusative to our objective without a preposition. The genitive, dative, and accusative have various uses, with prepositions, adjectives, verbs, etc. 6. The Definite Abticle (the) is declined thus : Singular. Plural Masc. Fern, Neut. for all genders. N. ber bie ba§ bie G. be§ ber be§ ber D. bent ber bem itn A. ben bie \>a^ bie c. Siefer, this, jener, thuty jeber, each, mand^er, many a, fol(i)cr, sitch, tt)eld)er, which, are declined like ber, excepting that e takes the place of ie, and eg of a^. d. The Indefinite Akticle (a, an) is declined thus : Singular, Masc, Fern, Neut N. ein eine ein G. eine§ einer eine§ D. einent einer einem A. einen eine ein e. ^etn, no, betn, thy, mein, mi/, S{)t, j/oi^r, \i)x;her, xl)X, their, feiit, M^, its, euer, ?/owr, unjer, oi^r, are de- clined like ein, but have a plural in h, HX, HXi, H, for all genders. 90 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 7. DECLENSION" OF NOUNS. a. There are two declensions of nouns, and they are distinguished by the formation of the nominative plural. If the nominative plural is formed by adding n or en to that of the singular, the noun belongs to the second declension; otherwise it belongs to the fikst. The First Declension has three classes, likewise distin- guished by the formation of the nominative plural. If no ending is added to the nominative singular to make the plural, the noun belongs to the First Class; if e is added, it belongs to the Second Class; if tX is added, to the Third Class. 6. To the FIRST CLASS belong: 1. Masculines and neuters in el, em, en, er. 2. Neuters in d^eii and lein, and those with the prefix ge= and ending e. 3. S)er Scife, bie SDZutter, and bie Jod^ter. c. To the SECOND class belong : 1. Most monosyllabic masculines, two-thirds of the monosyllabic neuters, and about thirty monosyllabic feminines. 2. Most other masculines excepting those in e, el, em, en, er, and some of foreign origin. 3. Feminines in ni^ and fal, and compounds of funft. 4. Most polysyllabic neuters, and neuters with the prefix cje- and not ending in e. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 01 d. To the THIKD CLASS belong : About fifty monosyllabic neuters, nouns in turn, and a few masculines. e. To the Secoxd Declension belong : 1. All feminines of more than one syllable, ex- cepting 33Zutter and Soc^ter and those in ni§ and fat, and about sixty monosyllabic feminines. 2. Masculines of more than one syllable in c, a few monosyllabic masculines, and many words of foreign origin accented on the last syllable. /. Feminines of either declension remain un- changed throughout the singular. g. In the plural of either declension the nom- inative, genitive, and accusative are always alike, and the dative always ends in n (or en). 8. If a noun belongs to the first class, the only change in the singular is in the genitive, which takes g (excepting feminines). The plural is like the nominative singular (dative takes n), excepting in about twenty -five nouns which modify the radical vowel. Examples : Singular. N. ber 91bler ber Stpfel bie Sautter G. be^ 9lbler§ be§ apfeig ber abutter D. bent 9lbter bein 9lpfel ber ajJutter A. ben 9tbter ben ^tpfel bie abutter 92 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Plural N. bie Stbler bie Sipfel bie SKixtter G. bcr Stbler ber tpfet ber abutter D. ben ?lbtem ben Stpfein ben SRiittem A. bie «bter bie tpfet bie ajfiitter 9. Nouns belonging to the second class (ex- cepting feminines) take § or eS in the genitive singular, ancf e or nothing in the dative. The plural takes e (dative en), and, excepting in mono- syllabic neuters, usually modifies the stem vowel. Examples : Singular. N. ber ©o^n ba§ ©c^af bie ©tabt G. be§ @o^ne§ be^ ©c£)afe§ ber ©tabt D. bem ©ol^ne bent ©(^afe ber ©tabt A. ben ©o^n ba§ ©d^af bie ©tabt Plural. N. bie ©o^ne bie ©i^afe bie ©tdbte G. ber ©o^ne ber ©d^afe ber ©tcibte D. htxi ©o^nen ben ©deafen ben ©tabten A. bie ©o^ne bie ©d)afe bie ©tdbte 10. Nouns of the third class form the genitive and the dative singular as in the Second Class. The plural takes tX (dative ern), and, if possible, always modifies. Nouns in iixvx modify the u instead of the stem vowel. Examples : Singular. ber 9Jfann "tya^ SSeib ber ^rrtum be§ 9J?anneg be§ SSeibeg be§ Srrtum^ bcm SUJanne bem ^Beibe bem 3rrtnm ben SOZann ba§ 2Seib ben Si^rtnm N. G. D. A. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 93 N. bic SKcinner G. ber 2Kdnner D, ben SKdnnern A. bie SKdnner PZitraZ. bie SBeiber ber SBeiber ben SBeibern bie SBeiber bie S^^tiimer ber Srrtiimer ben Si^rtiimern bie Si^t:tUmer 11. With the exception of feminines (which do not change in the singular), nouns of the Second Declension form all the oblique cases of the singular and all the cases of the plural by adding n or cil to the nominative singular. Fem- inines in in make the plural ^innen. Examples: N. bie5Rofe G. berSiofe D. berSRofe A. bieJRofe N. bie SRofen G. berSlofen D. ben IRofen A. bie SRofen Singular. bie Sonigin ber Sonigin ber S^i3nigin bie Sionigin Plural, bie S^oniginnen ber ^oniginnen b^n S^onigiimen bie Jfoniginnen ber S^nabe beg S^naben bent Snaben ben ^naben bie ^aben ber ^aben ben Snaben bie .©naben a. In compound nouns the last component part only is declined, and according to its own de- clension. b. Some nouns are irregular, having the sin- gular in one declension and the plural in the other. Some nouns in the plural have two forms with the same or with a different signification. A number of nouns from the French, the English, 94 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. and the Italian, retain the plural of the language from which they are taken. Nouns in urn, from the Latin, form the plural by changing um to en. 12. GENDER. Masculine are : 1. Most objects distinctively male (excepting diminutives in c^en and lein). 2. Names of seasons, months, days of the week, of the points of the compass, and of stones. 3. Nouns in ig, ing, ling, and most of those in cr and en (not d^en, and not infinitives used as nouns). Feminine are : 1. Most objects distinctively female (excepting diminutives in (f)en and lein, and ha^ 2Beib). 2. Names of plants, fruits, flowers, and many rivers. 3. Nouns ending in ie, ei, l^eit, leit, fd^aft, in, ung, ion, tcit. 4. Most derivatives in e and t. Neuter are : 1. Diminutives in d^en and lein. 2. Most names of countries, places, and metals, names of the letters, other parts of speech used as nouns, and all infinitives used sub- stantively. 3. Nearly all nouns in fat, fel, turn, and most ab- stracts and collectives with the prefix ge^ SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 05 a. Compounds nearly always have the gender of the last member. b. The majority of nouns of foreign origin retain the gender of the original tongue. c. Some nouns are used in more than one gender with the same signification; others have different genders for different meanings. 13. DECLENSION OP PROPER NAMES. a. Neuter names of countries and places take only the genitive ending, §. If it ends in a sibilant, the noun is invariable. b. Names of persons both masculine and fem- inine generally are used with the article and the noun remains unchanged. If without the article, ^ is added for the genitive ; but a masculine end- ing in a sibilant or a feminine in e has eni^ : SDJaj, 9Jfajen^ ; 9Karie, WHaxkn^, c. Other proper names are inflected like com- mon nouns. 14. ADJECTIVES. a. An adjective, if used attributively or sub- stantively, is always declined; otherwise it is invariable. b. The attributive adjective precedes the noun (expressed or understood) which it qualifies, agrees with it in gender, number, and case, and is declined in two ways, as follows : I. (called First Declension). If not preceded by iet or tilt, or a word declined like ber or ein 96 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. (6, c. and e.), the attributive adjective has the end- ings of ber (but ie becomes e, and q^, e^ ; also, in the genitive singular, before a noun ending in ^, en is generally used instead of e^). Examples : Singular, Masculine. Feminine, armer SSogel fc^one grau armen SSogel^ fd^oner grau armem SSogel fd^oner ^xau armcn SSogel fc^one gtau Plural, arme aSogel fd^one grauen armer SSogel fd^oner grauen armen SSogeIn fd^onen grauen arme SSogel fd^one granen II. a, (called Second Declension). If preceded by ict or a word declined like it (6, c), the ad- jective has e in the nominative singular through- out and in the singular accusative feminine and neuter; everywhere else, eil. b. If preceded by citt or a word declined like it (6, e.), the adjective has the same endings that it has after ber, excepting in three places — tX nom. sing, masc, e9 nom. and ace. neuter sing. Ex- amples : Singular, Neuter, N. gnte^Jlinb G. gntenSinbeg D. gutem S^inbe A. gute^^inb N. gnte S'inber G. guter Sinber D. guten S'inbern A. gutc S^inber For a. Neuter, N. bo§ gute SJinb G. be§ guten Siinbe§ D. bem guten S^inbe A. bag gute Jtinb Plural, bit guten Sinber ber guten SlHnber ben guten S?inbern bie guten ^inber SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 97 Singular, N. bie fd^onc grau G. ber fd^onen gran D. ber fd^onen grau A. bie fc^one i^xan Plural. Feminine. bic fdEjonen graucn ber fd^onen grauen ben fd^onen grauen bie fc^onen grauen Masculine. N. biefer arme SSoget G. biefe§ armen SSogeIg D. biefem armen SSogel A. biefen armen SSogel biefe armen SSogel biefer armen SSogel biefen armen SSogetn biefe armen SSogel Singular. For 5. iVetiter. N. mein gnte§ Sinb G. meineg i^nttn Sinbe§ D. meinem guten Sinbe A. mein gnte§ Sinb Plural, meine gnten Sfinber meiner guten i^inber meinen guten Sinbern meine guten Sinber Masculine. N. mein armer SSoget meine armen SSoget G. meine^ armen S?ogeI§ meiner armen 9?ogeI D. meinem armen SSogel meinen armen SSogeIn A. meinen armen SSoget meine armen SSogel Feminine. N. eine fd^one gran G. einer fc^onen grau D. einer fc!^onen grau A. eine fcfjone grau 98 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. c. Adjectives ending in e drop the e before the endings of declension; those in el, en, er, usually syncopate the e. d. After a personal pronoun the adjective has the same endings as after mein. e. Used substantively the adjective is written with a capital, and declined according to the above rules. /. After the indefinites zivoa^, l)iGl, \\\6)i^, etc., the adjective is treated as a noun in apposition : tiwa^ ®utei^, etc. g. If several adjectives are used, each has end- ings according to the above rules : ^^a^ gro^e f(f)6ne ^au^, etc. 15. COMPARISON. a. Adjectives form the comparative and the superlative usually as in English by adding x or tx, and ft or eft ; monosyllables with the vowel a, 0, or u, more commonly modify in the comparative and superlative. h. In declension comparatives and superlatives follow the rules for simple adjectives, but the superlative used in the predicate is nearly always preceded by ain (an bem), making an adverbial phrase. c. Adjectives in the uninflected form of the positive and of the comparative, and rarely in the superlative, may be used as adverbs ; in the super- lative are used mostly phrases with am, auf^, im, sum. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 90 16. The Personal Pronouns are declined as follows : Singular. First Person. Second Person. Third Person. Masc. Fern. Neut. N. i(^, I. bu, thou. cr, he. fie, she. e§, it. G. meiner beiner fetner t^rer feiner D. ntir bir i^m i^r i^m A. mid^ bic^ Plural fie c§ N. tt)tr i^r {all genders) fie G. unfer cuer i^rer D. un§ eud^ i^tten A. un§ eud^ fie a. The dative and the accusative of the first and second persons are used also reflexively. But fi^ is used for the reflexive pronoun of the third per- son in the dative and the accusative of all genders and both numbers. b. The third person plural is used for our you, and is then written with a capital (fid) is not capitalized). S)u is used in the family, in the language of familiarity, solemn form, etc. c. The demonstrative ber or ber|c([)e is usually substituted for the genitive and the dative of the third person singular neuter for inanimate objects ; and for the dative and the accusative of both num- bers, governed by a preposition, is usually sub- stituted a compound of ba and the preposition: bafiir, barau^J, etc. 100 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. d, (£^ is used for our expletive therey and often simply to bring the subject after the verb, which agrees with the following noun. e. It is 7, etc., is id) bin e^, etc. 17. POSSESSIVES. a. The possessive adjectives and their declen- sion already have been mentioned (6, e.). When used pronominally, or without the noun expressed, they are declined like biefer. In the predicate they are, of course, invariable. Instead of the simple possessive pronouns tneiner, nteine, meine^, etc., may be used ber, bie, ba§ meine, etc., or forms in ig, ber, bic, ba§ meintge, etc. h. The definite article or the dative of the per- sonal pronoun is often used instead of the possessive. 18. DEMONSTRATIVES. a. The demonstratives are bcr, biefer, ^K^ or that, jener, that, used both adjectively and as pro- nouns. Used adjectively ber is declined like the article ber ; used pronominally, the demonstrative ber adds en to the forms of the definite article in the genitive singular {^ is doubled, beffen) and in the genitive and dative plural (but berer is used instead of beren in the genitive plural before a limiting clause). h. S)er{enige, that one, berfelbe, the same, are used as demonstratives, and even as personal pronouns. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAIOJEAIJ. IQV Both parts are declined, htx the article, and jeittg or felb like an adjective after ber (14, H. a.). 19. INTERROGATIVES. The interrogatives are tuer, who, tva^, what, tvdd)tx, what, which. a. 9Ber is used for persons, tva§ for things, and they have no change for gender or number. They are declined : N. iDer toai G. meffcn meffen D. mem A. men tt)a§ h. For the dative or the accusative of tva^ governed by a preposition is used a compound of tDO : tDofiir, tDorau^, etc. c. 3SeId)er is used adjectively and absolutely; its declension has been given (6, c). d. SSa^ fiir, what kind of, what sort of, is invari- able. 20. RELATIVES. a. After an antecedent ber and Ineti^er are the usual relatives. SDer is declined like the demon- strative pronoun ber (18, a,), and n)eld)cr as before given (6, c.). But metd^er is not used in the geni- tive, and, unless governed by a preposition, the dative of ber is more common. 6. 3Ser, tva^, and tva^ fiir are used also as rela- tives, more properly compound relatives. 2Sa^ is ±H[' ' SUiiWAIl^ OF GERMAN GRAMMAR used instead of ha^ or tt)elc£)e^ after aHe^, nid^t^, ba§, dwa^f mand)t^f etc., and aftor neuter adjectives used indefinitely, especially superlatives. c. When referring to things, and governed by a preposition, mo usually takes the place of the relative, making the compound form, toofur, iDorau^, etc. d. The relative is not omitted in German. 21. NUMEBALS. a. The cardinals are : 1 eht (ein§) 19 neunje^n 2 jmei 20 jiuan^ig 3 brei 21 ein unb 5tt)onjig 4 t)icr 22 5mei unb 5tt)anjtg 5 fiinf 30 breifeig 6 fe^g 40 bierjig 1 jtebcn 60 funfjig, or fiittf jig 8 a^t 60 fec^^ig 9 neun 70 fiebjig 10 5e^n 80 a^tjig 11 elf 90 neunjig 12 JlDOtf 100 ^imbert 13 brei5e^n 101 ^Hubert unb cin^ 14 t)ier5ef)n 200 5mei {)unbert 15 funf5e^, or funfje^n 1000 taufenb i: fecf)5e^n 10,000 5e^n taufenb n fieb^e^n 100,000 ^unbert taufenb 18 ad^t^e^n 1,000,000 eine SKittion SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 103 6. A is omitted in German in the expressions a hundred^ a tkovsand. c. (Sin modifying a noun expressed is declined like the indefinite article ein ; but if preceded by ber or a word declined like it, ein takes the end- ings of an adjective after ber (14, H. a.), a.nd when used pronominally, ein has the endings of biefer (6, c). d. Excepting feminines in e, nouns expressing measurement, quantity, weight, etc., usually re- main in the singular, and if not preceded by a limiting word the following noun is treated as an appositive. e. With the exception of erft, first, britt, third, and a(i)t, eighth, the Ordinals are formed from the cardinals by adding t up to nineteen inclusive, and ft beyond that number. The ordinals are adjectives, and are so declined (14.)- /. Fractional numbers are formed from the ordinals by dropping the final t and adding tet (Xei(, part). But for half is used the adjective i)alb or the noun §atfte- g. Ordinal adverbs are formed by adding en§ to the simple ordinal : erften)^, ^tvdtm^, etc. 22. VERBS. a. The principal parts of a verb are the present infinitive, the first person imperfect iridicative, and the past participle, 104 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. b. The verb ^dbtW, to have, is conjugated as follows : Principal Parts : l^afiett, ^attt, %t^aU. Indicaiive. Subjunctive. Present. id^ ^ahCf I have id^ ^abt, I may have, etc. bu i)a]i, thou hast bu ^abeft, thou mayest have er ^at, he has er ^abt, he may have \\)\x ^ahtn, we have tt)ir l^aben, we may have t^r ^abt, ye have it)r Isabel, ye may have fie l^aben, they have fie l^aben, they may have Imperfect. id^ l^atte, I had idf) l^atte, I might have, etc. bu l^atteft, thou hadst bu ticitteft, thou mightest have er l^atte, he had er ^dtte, he might have tuir fatten, we had tr)ir ^dtteu, we might have i^r l^attet, ye had il^r ^'dtttt, ye might have fie l^atteu, they had fie l^dtten, they might have Perfect. i(^ ^abe ge^abt, I have had td^ "f^aht gel^abt, I may have had, etc. bu ^aft ge^abt, thou hast bu ^abeft gel^abt, thou had mayest have had er ^at ge^abt, he has had er f)ab^ ge^abt, he may have had SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 105 lt)ir fallen ge^abt, we have tvxx "^aben ge^abt, we may had have had i^r ^aht ge^abt, ye have i^r ^abet ge^abt, ye may had have had fie ^abtn gefjabt, they have fie ^beu ge^abt, they may had have had Pluperfect, ic^ ^attt ge^abt, I had had ic^ ptte gef)a()t, I might have had, etc. bu ^atteft ge^abt, thou hadst bu ^Ciiit]t ge^abt, thou had mightest have had er t)atte ge^abt, he had had er ^atte get)abt, he might have had \mx fatten ge^bt, we had roir l^titten ge^bt, we had might have had \i)x ijatiti ge^abt, ye had i^r ^dttet ge^abt, ye might had have had fie ()atten ge^ftbt, they had fie fatten ge^abt, they had might have had Future, ic^ tnerbe ^aben, I shall ic^ tDerbe ^aben, I shall have have hn mirft ^ben, thou wilt bu merbeft ^aben, thou have wilt have er mirb ^ahzn, he will have er merbe ^aben, he will have rt)ir merben ^aben, we shall mir merben ^aben, we shall have have i^r merbet baben, ye will i^r iDerbet ^ben, ye will have have fie merben f)ah^n, they will fie merben l^aben, they will have have lOS SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Future Perfect. id) merbe Qe\)aU ^aben, I id^ merbe gc^abt ^bcn, I shall have had shall have had bu mirft o,ti)aht i)aUn, thou bu merbeft ge^abt ^abtn, wilt have had thou wilt have had er mirb gc^abt ^aben, he er merbe ge^bt l^aben, he will have had will have had tt)ir merbeu ge^abt ^beii, mir tDerben ge^abt ^aben, we shall have had we shall have had i^r merbet ge^abt ^aben, ye i^r merbet ge^abt ijobcn, ye will have had will have had fie merben gebabt ^ahtn, fie merbcn ge^bt ^aben, they will have had they will have had First Conditional. t(^ iDiirbe ^ahtn, I should have bu tt)iirbeft ^aben, thou wouldst have er triiirbe ^abeit, he would have n^ir tDiirben ^aben, we should have iijx mtirbet ^abeu, ye would have fie tDiirben "^aben, they would have Second Conditional. iij miirbe gebabt ^aben, I should have had bu miirbeft gefjabt i)ahtnf thou wouldst have had er toilrbe gebabt ^aben, he would have had tt)ir tDiirben gel)abt ^aben, we should have had i^r miirbet gebabt ^abtn, ye would have had fie tDiirbeu gebabt Ijab^n, they would have had Imperative. ^abe, have (thou) ]^ab(e)t, have (ye) SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 107 Infinitives. Present : ^cAtn, to have Ferfect : ge^abt ^aben, to have had Participles. Present: ^abenb, having Past: ge^abt, had c. In German there is only one form for the simple, the emphatic, and the progressive form in English. I have, I do have, and / am having, are to be translated ic{) ^abe. The third person plural of all verbs with the pronoun fie written with a capital is used for the second person both sin- gular and plural, excepting in the language of familiarity, etc. (16, b.), d. The verb f citt, to be, is conjugated as follows : Principal Parts : feitt, ttiat, gettiefen. Indicative, Subjunctive. Present. id^ bin, I am id) fei, I may be bu bift, thou art bu feieft, thou mayest be er ift, he is er fet, he may be tt)ir finb, we are tDir feten, we may be t^r feib, ye are \^x feiet, ye may be fie finb, they are fie feien, they may be Imperfect. x6) Xoax, I was ii) tpare, I were, might be, etc. bu tDarft, thou wast bu tDdreft, thou wert, etc. 108 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. cr WaXf he was er mdre, he were, etc. tt>ir tvaxtn, we were mir mdren, we were, might be, etc. i^r maret, ye were i^r mdret, ye were, etc. fie maren, they were fie iDdren, they were, etc. Perfect. i(^ bin gelDefen, I have been id^ fei gemefen, I may have been, etc. bu 6ift gemefen, thou hast bu feieft gemefen, thou hast been been, etc. er ift geroefen, he has been er fei getoefen, he has been iDtr finb gemefen, we have tDir feien getrefen, we have been been i^r feib gemefen, ye have i^r feiet getDefen, ye have been ^ been fie finb gemefen, they have fie feien gemefen, they have been been Pluperfect. id| tt)ar getnefen, I had been ii^ rt)dre gemefen, (if, that) I had been, etc. bn marft gemefen, thou bn mdreft gemefen, thou hadst been hadst been er mar gemefen, he had er tndre gemefen, he had been been tDtr maren getDefen, we had mx mdren getDefen, we had been been i^^r tDaret geroefen, ye had i^r tDdret getDefen, ye had been been fie maren getDefen, they had fie tDdren getnefen, they been had been SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 109 Future. id^ tDcrbe fein, I shall be bu iDirft fein, thou wilt be er tt)irb fein, he will be XDix merben fein, we shall be i^r merbet fein, ye will be fie tt)erben fein, they will be t(^ merbe fein, (that) I shall be, etc. bu n^erbeft fein, thou wilt be er merbe fein, he will be \mv merben fein, we shall be if^r merbet fein, ye will be fie toerben fein, they will be Future Perfect. id} merbe gemefen fein, I shall have been bu mirft gemefen fein, thou wilt have been er mirb gemefen fein, he will have been tvxx ttjerben gemefen fein, we shall have been i^r merbet gemefen fein, ye will have been fie merben gemefen fein, they will have been ii^ njerbe geraefen fein, (that) I shall have been bu merbeft gemefen fein, thou wilt have been er merbe gemefen fein, he will have been n)ir merben gett)efen fein, we shall have been i^r n:)erbet gemefen fein, ye will have been fie tDerben gemefen fein, they will have been First Conditional. i(^ iDiirbe fein, I should be bu miirbeft fein, thou wouldst be er tt)iirbe fein, he would be tDir tDiirben fein, we should be i^r miirbet fein, ye would be fie miirben fein, they would be 110 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Second Conditional. id^ iDiirbe gemefeu fein, I should have been bu tDiirbeft getDefeii fein, thou wouldst have been er tuiirbe gctnefeii feiii, he would have been \inx tDilrben gemcfen feiu, we should have been i^r miirbet gemefen feiu, ye would have been fie miirben gemefen feiu, they would have been Imperative. fei, be (thou) feib, be (ye) Infinitives. Present : feiu, to be. Perfect: geiDefen feiu, to have been Participles. Present: fetenb, being Past: gettjefen, been e. The verb tX^ttitti, to become, is conjugated as follows : Principal Parts : mxittif ttiatb, or iQtttbe^ gettlOtbCtt. Indicative. Subjunctive. Present. iij iDerbe, I become id) merbe, (that) I become bu tDirft, thou becomest bu merbeft, thou becomest er tt)irb, he becomes er tDerbe, he becomes toix merbeu, we become irir tDerben, we become i^r tt)erbet, ye become i^r merbet, ye become fie merben, they become fie merben, they become SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Ill Imperfect. xi) tDurbe, or tvaxb, I be- id^ miirbc, I became came ^ bu tDurbeft, or marbft cr murbe, or waxb tDir murben i()r murbet fie tDurben bu miirbeft er ttjurbc mir iDiirben xf)v miirbet fie tDiirben Perfect. i^ bin getnorbeu, I have id^ fei gemorben, I have become become bu 6ift gemorbeu, thou hast bn feieft gemorbeu become er ift gemorben, he has be- er fei getDorben come iDir fiub geroorben i\)x feib gemorben fie fiub gett) or ben mir feien getDorben i^r feiet gemorben fie feien gemorben Pluperfect. iij tuar gemorben, I had be- ic^ mcire gemorben, I had come bu marft gemorben er mar gemorben tt)ir maren gemorben i^r maret gemorben fie ttjaren gemorben become bu mdreft gemorben er mdre gemorben mir mdren gemorben i^r mdret gemorben fie mciren gemorben Future. td^ merbe merben, I shall id^ merbe merben become 112 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. hxL mirft merben bu merbeft merben er mirb merbeit er tt)erbe raerben tt)ir tDerben toerben tt)ir merben merben i^r tDerbet iDerben i^r merbet merben fie iDerben ttjerben fie tuerben ujerben Future Perfect. id^ ttJerbe gemorben fein, I x(i) tDerbe gemorben fein shall have become bu mirft getDorbeu fein bu merbeft getDorben fein er mirb gemorben fein er merbe gemorben fein iDir n)erben gemorben fein mir iuerben gemorben fein i^x merbet gemorben fein i^r merbet gemorben fein fie merben gemorben fein fie merben gemorben fein First Conditional. i^ miirbe merben, I should become bu miirbeft merben er miirbe merben mir miirben merben U)x miirbet merben fie miirben merben Second Conditional. id^ murbe gemorben fein, I should have become bu miirbeft gemorben fein er miirbe gemorben fein mir miirben gemorben fein i^r miirbet gemorben fein fie miirben gemorben fein Imperative. IDcrbe, become (thou) merbet, become (ye) SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 113 Infinitives. Present : njerben, to become Perfect: gelt)orben fein, to have become Participles. Present: tDerbenb, becoming Past: geiDorben, become 23. RULES FOR THE FORMATION OF COM- POUND TENSES AND THE PASSIVE VOICE. a. ^aben, fein, and tDerben are used in the con- jugation of other verbs, to make compound tenses and the passive voice. b. §akn or fein is used to make the perfect and the pluperfect tense of a verb ; toltttien is used to make the futures, the conditionals, and the pas- sive voice. c. The Past Participle of a verb is used with the auxiliary to make the perfect, the pluperfect, and the passive voice of the verb. d. The Infinitives of a verb are used with tuerben to make the futures and the conditionals of the verb. e. To make the perfect or the pluperfect, in- dicative or subjunctive, of any verb, use the present or the imperfect, indicative or subjunc- tive, of t)a6en or fein with the past participle of the verb. All transitives, reflexives, impersonals, and many other verbs take ^aben; a number of intransitives take fein. 114 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. /. To make the future or the future perfect, indicative or subjunctive, of any verb, use the present indicative or subjunctive of tt)erben with the present infinitive for the future, and the per- fect infinitive for the future perfect. g. To make the conditionals of any verb, use the imperfect subjunctive of tDerben with the present infinitive for the first conditional, and the perfect infinitive for the second conditional. A. To make any tense of the passive voice of a verb, use the same tense of it)erben with the past participle of the verb. In the passive voice gelDOvben is written without the prefix ge^. The past participle of the verb precedes the par- ticiples and the infinitives of the auxiliary. 24. REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS. a. According to their conjugation, verbs are divided into two classes — Regular and Irregular Verbs* — distinguished by the formation of their principal parts. h. A KEGULiR verb forms its imperfect (indie. 1st pers.) by adding to the present stem it or etc, and the past participle by adding to the stem t or et. c. An IRREGULAR verb to make the imperfect (indie. 1st pers.) changes the stem vowel and adds no ending (other changes in the stem fre- * Regular verbs are called also verbs of the Old or Strong con- JTigation ; and irregular yerbs, verbs of the New or We^k con- jugation. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 115 quently occur); to the stem it adds en for the ending of the past participle, and sometimes changes the stem vowel. d. The past participle of both regular and irregular verbs has usually the prefix ge-. Excep- tions are verbs in -teren, inseparable verbs, and tDerben as the passive auxiliary. e. The present stem is found by dropping the infinitive ending n or en from the present in- finitive. /. A few verbs, called mixed verbs, make part of their forms regularly and part irregularly. Verbs having any irregularity are usually given in a list of irregular verbs. 25. The REGULAR verb lobttt, to praise, is con- jugated as follows : Principal Parts : UUn, \Mt, %tlM. ACTIVE VOICE. Indicative, Subjunctive, Present. \^ lobe, I praise, am prais- ic^ lobe, (that) I praise, ing, do praise etc. bii lobft, thou praisest, dost bu lobeft praise, art praising er lobt, he praises, is prais- er lobe ing, does praise mir (obeu, we praise, are tpir Xobtn praising, do praise 116 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. i'^r Io6t, ye praise, are i^x Io6et praising, do praise fie loben, they praise, are ftc to6en praising, do praise Imperfect. x(i) lobte, I praised, was id^ lobtc, (that) I praised, praising, did praise etc. bu lobteft, thou praisedst, bu lobteft wast praising, etc. er lobte, he praised, was er lobtc praising, did praise n)ir tobten, we praised, tvxx lobtcn were praising, did praise i^r lobtet, ye praised, were xf)v lobtet praising, did praise fie lobten, they praised, fie lobten were praising, did praise Perfect. \^ l^abe getobt, I have id) %be getobt, (that) I praised, been praising ' have praised, etc. bu ^aft getobt, thou hast bu l^abeft getobt praised, etc. er ^at getobt er l^abe getobt ttjir ^ahtn gelobt toxx ^aben getobt i^r ^abt gelobt t^r ^bet gelobt fie ^abeu getobt fie l^abeu gelobt Pluperfect. l^ :§atte getobt, I had i(^ ^atte gelobt, (that) I praised, been praising had praised, etc. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 117 hn !^atteft getobt, thouhadst, etc. er ijattt getobt lt)ir fatten getobt i^r ^attet gelobt ftc I)atten gelobt hn ^dtteft gelobt er ^attt gelobt mir t)dtten geto6t i^r I)dttet getobt fie l^dtten gelobt Future. idE| tDerbe loben, I shall id) merbe toben, (that) I praise, be praising bu \mx]t loben, thou wilt, etc. er mitb loben tt)ir iDerben toben i(}r merbet loben fie tDerben loben shall praise, etc. bu tuerbeft loben er iDerbe loben mir merben toben i^r tr^erbet toben fie njerben toben Future Perfect. i(^ tt)erbe getobt l^abeu, I id^ n^erbe getobt ^abtn shall have praised, etc. bu njirft getobt ^aben er mirb getobt f)ahtn Wix iDerben getobt ^ahtn i^r merbet getobt 1)abtn fie n)erben getobt l^aben bu iDerbeft getobt l^aben er iDerbe getobt ^abzn iDir tDerben getobt ^ahtn i^r merbet getobt ^aben fie iDerben getobt l^aben FiKST Conditional. idf| tDilrbe toben, I should praise, be praising bu miirbeft toben er iDiirbe toben iDtr tniirben toben i^r miirbet loben fie tpiirben toben 118 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Second Conditional. ii) iDiirbe getobt ^aben, I should have praised, etc. bu miirbeft geluOt f)aht\i er iDiirbc getobt ^ahtn it)ir miirben geloOt Ijabtn ii)v tDiirbet getobt i)abtn fie tDiirben getobt ^aben Imperative. lobe, praise (thou) Iob(e)t, praise (ye) Infinitives. Present: loben, to praise, to be praising Perfect: getobt ^aben, to have praised, to have been praising Participles. Present: lobenb, praising Past: gelobt, praised PASSIVE VOICE. Indicative. Subjunctive. Present. tc^ merbe gelobt, I am prais- ic^ iDerbe getobt, I be ed, am being praised praised, may be praised bu iDirft gelobt, thou art, etc. hn merbeft gelobt, etc. Imperfect. itf) trurbe gelobt, I was xij ttjiirbe getobt, I were praised, was being praised, might bo praised praised bu iourbeft getobt, thou bu tpiirbeft getobt, etc, wast praised, etc. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Hg Perfect. id^ bin gelobt morben, I have id^ fei (^elobt morben been praised bu bift gelobt tuorbeu, etc. bu feiep gelobt luorbeii, etc. Pluperfect. id^ tr>ar gelobt rtjorben, Ihad ic^ tticire gelobt loorben been praised bu toax]t gelobt morbeu, etc. bu tt)dreftge(obtrt)orbeu,etc. Future. ii) tuerbe getobt iDerben, I id^ tDerW gelobt merben shall be praised bu U)irft gelobt tDerbeu, etc. bu n)erbeft getobt t^erben, etc. Future Perfect. id^ tuerbe getobt lt)orbeu fein, id^ tuerbe gelobt tDorben fein I shall have been praised bu mirft getobt iDorbeu feiu, bu merbeft getobt morben etc. fein, etc. FiBST Conditional. id^ tDiirbe getobt tt)erbeu, I should be praised bu tDurbeft getobt U)erben, thou wouldst be praised, etc. Second Conditional. id^ iDiirbe getobt iDorben fein, I should have been praised bu tt)iirbeft getobt m or ben fein, etc. • Imperative. iDerbe getobt, be (thou) tDerbet getobt, be (ye) praise^ praised 120 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Infinitives. Present : gelobt iDcrben, to .be praised Ferfeot : gelobt tporben fein, to have been praised Pakticiples. Present : gelobt tt>erbenb, being praised Past: gelobt tDorben, been praised Future : ju lobenb, to be praised {used only as an ad- jective) 26. The lEREGULAR verb geieit^ to give, is con- jugated as follows : Principal Parts : geiett^ %ab, it^titU. Indicative. Subjunctive. Present. td^ gebe, I give, am giving, ifS) gebe, I give, may give, do give etc. bu giebft, or gibft, thou bu gebeft givest, etc. er giebt, or gibt, he gives, er gebc etc. tt)ir geben, we give, are giv- tutr geben ing, do give i^r gebt, ye give, etc. i!^r gebet fie geben, they give, etc. fie geben. Imperfect. t(f| gab, I gave, was giving, id) gdbe, I gave, might did give give, etc. bn gabft, thou gavest, etc. bn gdbeft er gab, he gave, etc, er gdbe SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 121 tDir gaben, we gave, etc. tvix gdben i^r %ahi, ye gave, etc. i^r gdbet fie gabcn, they gave, etc. fie gaben Perfect. id^ !)abc gcgebcn, I have id^ ^abe gegeben given, have been giving bu i)a\t gegeben, thou hast bu ^abeft gegeben, etc. given, etc. Pluperfect. id^ ^aitt gegeben, I had id^ l^dtte gegeben given, been giving bn ^atteft gegeben, thou bu l^citteft gegeben hadst given, etc. Future. idE| merbe geben, I shall id) ftierbe geben give, be giving bu mirft geben, thou wilt, bu merbeft geben, etc. etc. Future Perfect. id^ njerbe gegeben ^abtn, I ic^ merbe gegeben l^aben shall have given, been giving bu mirft gegeben l^aben, etc. bu merbeft gegeben l^aben, etc. First Conditional. id^ njiirbe geben, I should give, etc. bu miirbeft geben, thou wouldst, etc. 122 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Second Conditional. ii) tDiirbe gegeOen "^aben, I should have given, been giving bu tDiirbefl gegeben ^aben, thou wouldst, etc. Imperative. gieb (gib), give (thou) geb(e)t, give (ye) Infinitives. Present: geben, to give Perfect : gegeben l^aben, to have given Participles. Present: gebenb, giving Past: gegeben, given a. In the 2d and 3d person singular of the present indicative, irregular verbs usually change the stem vowel long e to ie and short e to i, and modify an a. 6. The imperfect subjunctive is formed from the imperfect indicative by adding e, and, if pos- sible, modifying. 27. COMPOUND VERBS. a. Yerbs are compounded with two kinds of prefixes, separable and inseparable. An insepa- rable prefix is never separated from the verb. In the infinitives and participles a separable prefix stands before the verb, and is written with it as one word ; elsewhere, excepting in the transposed order (33, 34, 6.), the prefix stands after the verb, near the end of the clause. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 123 6. In verbs compounded separably, the prefix always receives the accent, ©e- of the past par- ticiple stands between the prefix and the verb, and the whole is written as one word; ju, when used as sign of the infinitive, has this position. 28. Synopsis of a verb separably compounded : abgcbeit, to deliver, give up, etc. Principal Parts: afigebett^ gai ^% aigegetett. Tense. Present : Imperfect : Perfect : Pluperfect : Future : Future Perfect : Subjunctive, id) gebe ah id) gdbe ab idE) ^abe abgegeben id^ ^(itte abgegeben id) inerbe abgeben i(f| iDerbe abgegc:? ben ^aben Indicative. iij gebe ab icf| gab ab \^ ^ahc abgegeben ic£) ^atit abgegeben xfi) merbe abgeben ic^ tDerbc abgegeben l^aben First Conditional: id) ttJiirbe abgeben Second Conditional : id^ miirbe abgegeben !)aben Imperative : gieb (gib) ab Infinitives. Present : abgeben (abjngeben) Perfect : abgegeben ^aben Pakticiples. Present: abgebenb Past: abgegeben a. The inseparable prefixes are Be«, tuU (cmp^), %t^f tX*, llCt^, JCt*. The verb, not the prefix, is accented. A verb inseparably compounded omits the prefix ge- in the past participle ; ^u as sign of 124 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. the infinitive stands before the verb and is sepa- rated from it. 29. Synopsis of a verb insepabably com- pounded : llCttcifeil^ to depart, journey away. Principal Parts : netteifett, Uttteifie, Herreifl. Tense. Present : Imperfect : Perfect : Pluperfect : Future : Indicative. Subjunctive. id) berreije ic^ tjerreifte iij fei Uerreift xi) tDdre berreift id^ iDerbe tierreifen id) Derreife id) berreifte id) bin tierreift id) tDax t)erreift id) n?erbe i^er- re if en Future Perfect : id) tt)erbe t)er^ reift fein First Conditional : id) miirbe tjerreifen Second Conditional : id) tt)iirbe berreift fein Imperative : tierreife id) tDerbe t)erreift fein iNTINITrVHES. Present : tjerreifen (§n berreifen) Participles. Perfect: t)erreift fein Present: l^erreifenb Past: tierreift 30. A few prefixes, especially burd^, t)tnter, iiber, unt, unter, iDieber, are used sometimes separably and sometimes inseparably, nearly always with a difference of meaning : ii'berfe^cn, to set over, ferry over, etc., iibcrfe^'en, to translate; n)ie'berf)oIen, to SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 125 bring again, bring back, tDieber^o'Ien, to repeat Such verbs are accented and conjugated according to their use, as separable or inseparable verbs. 31. MODAIi AUXILIABIES. a. The modal auxiliaries are burfen, to he allowed, dare, fonnen, to be able, can, mSgen, like, choose, may, tniiffen, be obliged, have to, must, foHen, be to, shall, ought, tt)oIIen, vnll, be tviUing^ tmsh. They are conjugated as follows : b. iurfctt. Principal Parts : butfeit, btttfte, gebtttft. Indicative. Subjunctive. Present. id) barf, I am allowed, may id^ biirfe bu barfft, thou art allow- bu burfeft ed, etc. cr barf er biirfe tDir biirfcn Xoxx biirfcn i^r biirft x^x biirfet fie biirfen fie biirfen Imperfect, id^ burfte, I was allowed, \i) biirfte etc. bu burfteft, etc. bu biirfteft, etc. Perfect. id) ^abe geburft (biirfen) id^ ^abe geburft (biirfen) bu ^aft geburft (biirfen), etc. bu ^abefl geburft (biirfen), etc. 126 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Pluperfect. ic^ f)attc geburft (biirfen) id^ ^citte gcburft (biirfcn) bu ^atteft geburft (biirfen), bu l)dtteft geburft (biirfen), etc. etc. Future. id^ merbe biirfen td^ merbe biirfen bu mirft biirfen, etc. bu tuerbeft biirfen, etc. Future Perfect, id^ merbe geburft 1)abtn \d) merbe geburft ^aben (^aben biirfen) (^aben biirfen) bu mirft geburft ^aben (^aben bu merbeft geburft ^aben biirfen), etc. (l^aben biirfen), etc. First Conditional. id^ miirbe biirfen bu miirbeft biirfen, etc. Second Conditional, id^ miirbe geburft ^aben (I)aben biirfen) bu miirbeft geburft i)abcn (^aben biirfen), etc. Imperative. wanting Infinitives. Present: biirfen Perfect : geburft ^aben (^aben biirfen) Participles. Present: biirfenb Past: geburft c. fannctt. Principal Parts : iinntn, Inttttte, jefontlt. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR 127 Indicative. Subjunctive, Present. id^ fann, I can, am able \6) fonne bu fannft bu lonneft cr !ann er !i3nne tt)ir fonnen iDtr fonnen \f)x !onnt i^r fonnet fie fonnen fie fonnen Imperfect, id^ fonnte, I could, was i^ fonnte, etc, able, etc. Perfect, id^ ^ait gefonnt (fonnen), id^ l^abe gefonnt (fonnen), etc. etc. Pluperfect. id^ f)aiit gefonnt (fonnen), id^ ^dtte gefonnt (fonnen), etc. etc. Future. id^ ttjerbe fonnen, etc. id^ n)erbe fonnen, etc. Future Perfect, id^ ttjerbe gefonnt ^aben id^ merbe gefonnt l^aben (^aben fonnen), etc. (^aben fonnen), etc. First Conditional. id^ iDiirbe fonnen, etc. Second Conditional. i6) tDxirbe gefonnt ^ben (^aben fonnen), etc. Imperative. wanting 128 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Infinitives. Present: fonnen Perfect: gcfonnt l^aben (l^aben f Bnncn) Participles. Present: lonncnb Past: gclonnt Principal Parts : mSgett^ XMij^t, gemoi^i Indicative. Svibjunctive. Present. i(S) mag, I like, may id^ ntogc bn magft bu ntogcft cr mag cr mogc mir mogcn n)ir mogen i^r mogt xf)x mogct fie mogcn fie mogen Imperfect. id^ mod^te, I liked, etc. id^ mod^te, I should like, etc. Perfect. i^ :^abe gemod^t (mogen), id^ ^abe gcmod^t (mogen), etc. etc. Pluperfect. \i) ^tte gemod^t (mogen), id^ l^atte gemod^t (mogen), etc. etc. Future. ii) toerbe mogen, etc. id§ n)erbe mogen, etc. Future Perfect. idE) toerbe gemod^t ^aben ii) merbe gemod^t l^aben (^aben mogen), etc. (^aben mogen), etc. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR 129 FiBST Conditional. x(S) itJilrbc mogen, etc. Second Conditional. \(S) tpiirbc gemod^t ^ahtn {Xjabtn mogcn;, etc. Imperative. wanting Infinitives. Present : mBgcn Perfect : gemo^t i)abtn (^abcn mogcn) Participles. Present: mogcnb Past: gcmod^t e. wfiffett. Principal Parts: muff en, mu^tt, getttugt. Indicative. Subjunctive. Present. id^ mu^, I must, am \6) ntiiffc obliged bu mu^t bu miiffcft er mu§ cr muffe Xoxx miiffen toxx muffcn il^r ntiifet i^r miiffct ftc miiffctt fie miiffcn Imperfect. id^ mu^te, I had to, was id^ mii^tc^ etc. obliged, etc. Perfect. \6) l^abe gcmufet (muff en), idf) ^abc gcmufet (miiffcn), etc. etc. Pluperfect, id^ ^attc gcmufet (miiffcn), ic^ ^attc gcmufet (miiffen), etc, etc. 130 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. Future, ic^ mcrbe miiffcn, etc. id) tDerbe miiffen, etc. Future Perfect, id^ tt)erbe gcmufet ^aben ii^ merbe gemufet ^abcn (^aben miiffen), etc. (^aben miiffeu), etc. First Conditional. xi) tDiirbe miiffen, etc. Second Conditional. i^ h)iirbe gemu^t ^aben (^aben miiffen), etc. Imperative. wanting Infinitives. Prese/i^ ; tnUffen Perfect : gemufet ^aben (^aben miiffcn) Participles. Present : miiffenb Past : gemu^t /. fatten. Principal Parts: fatten, fottte, gefotti. Indicative. Subjunctive, Present. ic^ foH, I shall, am io ic^ foHe bu fottft bu foHeft cv joU er foHe iDir follen Xoxx foHen itir fottt i^r fottet jie foden fie foHen Imperfect. i(^ follte, I should, ought, tc^ fottte, etc. was to, etc. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 131 Perfect. td^ fiait gefoHt (foKcn), etc. id^ {)abe gefoHt (foffcn), etc. Pluperfect. id^ l^attc gcfollt (f otten), etc. id^ ijaiit gefoUt (foffcn), etc. Future. id^ merbe foffcn, etc. idf) iDerbc fotten, etc. Future Perfect. td^ tt)erbc gcf oUt ^at)en(^aben id) tperbc gef oHt f)a6en(5abcn jotten), etc. foUen), etc. First Conditional. id^ iDiirbe fotten, etc. Second Conditional. x(S) touxbt gefoCt ijahtn (^nbett foHen), etc. Imperative. wanting Infinitives. Present: foKcn Perfect: gefollt ^aben (^aben foUen) Participles, Present: foHenb Pos^: gefollt gr. toallen. Principal Parts: tWJBen, tuofftc, getnottt. Indicative. Subjunctive, Present. id^ tt)ill, I will, am willing, idE) iDotte wish bu miaft bu mollcft er tpitt er moUe 132 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. njir moHctt ttjir tDoUctt i^r tooUt i^r itJoHct fie tPoHctt fie moHen Imperfect. ii) ItJoHte, I would, was \(i) tooUit, etc. willing, was about to. etc. Perfect. id^ l^abe getooHt (tDoCen), id^ l^abe gett^oHt (tDoIten), etc. etc. Pluperfect. 1(5) ]§atte gelDoHt (ttJoCen), id^ l^atte getDoIIt (tDoCett), etc. etc. Future, td^ tt)erbe ttJoHen, etc. id^ tDerbe tDotCen, etc. Future Perfect. id^ toerbe getDoHt ^aben (^aben id^ ft)erbe getDoKt 5)aiitn tooUtn), etc. (^nben tDotten), etc. First Conditional. id^ tDiirbe mollen, etc. Second Conditional, td^ tt)iirbe gemoHt l^aben (^aben tDoHen), etc. Imperative. tooHe, be (thou) willing moIl(e)t, be (ye) willing Infinitives. Present: tDoHen Perfect: getDottt l^abeti ("^aben tnoCett) SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 133 Participles. Present: tt)oIIenb Past: gclpoCt Ji, The forms given in parentheses in the above conjugation of the modal auxiliaries are used when another infinitive is used in connection with the modal auxiliary. In this case, with two or more infinitives at the end of a clause, the per- sonal verb in the transposed order directly pre- cedes the infinitives. L For the first conditional the imperfect sub- junctive is often used, and the pluperfect subjunc- tive nearly always takes the place of the second conditional. 32. PREPOSITIONS, a. Of prepositions that govern the genitive are: anftatt, ftatt, instead of ungea(f)tet, notwithstand- ing aufeerl^aK), outside unfern, immeit, not far from innerl^alb, within tnittel§, bermittelft, by means of obcrtjatI\ above tDcil^renb, during unter^alb, below iDegen, on account of Icingg, along jufotge, in consequence of tro^, in spite of bie§feit(§), on this side of um . . . . tDillen, on account j[enfeit(§), beyond, on that of side of h. Sang^, tro|, and jufolge take the dative also. Um tDitlen takes the noun between its parts. 134 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. c. Prepositions governiiig the dative are: au§>, out of, from na(^, to, after, according to au^er, out of, besides, ex- nd(i)ft, next to cept bet, at, near, with nebft, fantmt, together with binnen, within fcit, since entgegen, against bon, of, from, by gcgeniiber, opposite ju, to> at ntit, with julDiber, contrary to d. (Sntgegen, gegeniiber, and jutDtber follow the noun. e. Prepositions governing the accusative are : bi§, as far as, till Q^Q^n, against, towards, to burc^, through, by ol^ne, without fiir, for urn, about, around, at, for tt)tber, against /. The following nine prepositions take the ac- cusative when there is implied motion to or towards an object ; when they denote locality only, they take the dative : an, at, on, to neben, near, beside auf, on, upon iiber, across, over (con- cerning, takes ace.) Winter, behind unter, among, under in, in, into, to t)or, before {of time, ago, takes dat.) 5tr)tfd)en, between SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. I35 33. ORDEK OP WORDS. a. With reference to the position of the per- sonal verb (the part that changes form for person and number), there are three orders — Normal, or Kegular ; Inverted ; Transposed. When the per- sonal verb immediately follows the subject (with its modifiers), the order is called normal, or regu- lar ; when the personal verb precedes the subject, the order is the inverted ; when the personal verb is removed to, or near, the end of the clause, the order is the transposed. 6. An independent clause takes the normal or the inverted order. The normal order is used excepting in four cases that require the inverted. The four cases are : 1. Interrogative clauses. 2. Imperative or optative clauses. 3. Excepting the conjunctions ahzx, altein, fottbcm, hut, benn, for, since, entlDeber, either, ober, or, fo- iDO^{ .... qB, both .... and, when any word other than the subject (with its modifiers) stands first. 4. When the verb is placed first for emphasis. c. In an interrogative clause, if an interrogative word is the subject or a modifier of the subject, the order is normal. d. If a dependent clause precedes a principal clause, the latter has the inverted order. e. In the inverted order, the subject immediately follows the verb ; but a pronoun object stands be- tween the verb and the subject, if the latter is a noun, 136 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. /. A dependent clause, if the word introducing the clause is expressed, takes the transposed order. The inverted order is used to express a condition without tt)enn, if; otherwise, if the word introducing the clause is not expressed, the normal order is used. EXAMPLES : 1. ®e^en (Sie nad^ bcr ®tabt? Are you going to the city? 2. @el)en ©ie uac^ ber @tabt. Go to the city. 3. ©eftern fiiib ®ie nad^ ber ®tabt gegangen. Yesterday you went to the city. 4. @inb @te bod^ nad^ bcr ®tabt gegangen. You d\d go though to the city. c. ^klc^e§ 8ud^ \\i auf bent Sifc^? Which book is on the table? d. SBenn @ie gut fittb, tuerben @ie gliicfUd^ feiu. If you are good, you will be happy. e. §at mir mein greunb bag 33ud) gegeben? Did my friend give me the book ? /. 2Beun @ie nad^ ber ©tabt gel)en, trerben @ie meinen greunb jet)en. @e^en @ie tiad^ ber ®tabt, fo iDerben @ie meinen grcunb fe{)en. If you go to the city, you will see my friend. 34. GENERAL RULES FOR THE ORDER OP OTHER WORDS. a. Separable prefixes, participles, and infinitives stand at the end of a clause in the order men- tioned. &. In the simple tenses of a verb separably com- pounded, the prefix stands at the end, excepting in the transposed order (33, «• and /.). In the transposed order the separable prefix has the po- sition of the inseparable prefix. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR 137 c. Personal pronouns, as direct or indirect ob- ject, stand first among the modifiers of the predi- cate. When two are used, the shorter precedes the other ; if both are of one syllable, the third person indirect follows the direct object. d. Adverbs of time usually precede other ad- verbs. e. An indirect object of person precedes a direct object of a thing. /. If the negative adverb nic^t modifies a par- ticular word or phrase, it precedes that word or phrase ; otherwise, nidjt stands at, or near, the end of the clause. gr. Predicate nouns and adjectives stand near the end of the clause. EXAMPLES : a. 3d^ trerbe ttod^ ber ©tabt guriicfgcgangen fein. I shall have gone back to the city. &. ^^ ging guriicf. I was going back. 31I« i^ guriicfging* When I was going back. c. ^6) tDcrbe eg 31^nen morgen geben. I will give it to you to- morrow. d. gg l^at geftern fel^r ftarf geregnet. It rained very hard yester- day. e. 3^i9^n ®ie metnem greunb bie ^l^otograp^ic. Show the photograph to my friend. /. (Sr ^at i^n geftern, niti)t ^eute gefe^en. He saw him yester- day, not to-day. (Sr l^at i^n ^eute nid^t gefe^en. He has not seen him to-day. gr. 2)a« ifl meinem greuitb unbegretfltd^. That is incompre- hensible to my friend. 138 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 35. CASES. a. The Nominative is used as in English, as subject of a finite verb, in the predicate, and as the case of address. b. The Genitive is used : 1. For the English possessive. 2. As a genitive of cause, relation, material, and characteristic. 3. As subjective or objective genitive. 4. As a partitive genitive. 5. As an adverbial genitive. 6. With prepositions. 7. With adjectives (mostly followed in English 8. With transitive verbs and the accusative, with reflexives, and with a few impersonal verbs and the accusative. 9. With certain verbs as if direct object. c. The Dative is used : 1. As a second or indirect object with transitive verbs and the accusative. 2. With certain verbs as if direct object. 3. With many compound verbs where in English a phrase is used. 4. With intransitive and with impersonal verbs. 5. As a dative of separation. 6. As dative of interest or ethical dative. 7. For a possessive. 8. With prepositions. 9. With adjectives (mostly followed in English by to). SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 139 d. The Accusative is used : 1. As direct object of a verb. 2. With a few adjectives used with fein or ttjerben. 3. With prepositions. 4. To express duration of time, time of an action, extent of space, weight, value, and number. 5. With an adjunct absolutely, as a kind of ad- verbial phrase. EXAMPLES : a. Sr ifl ntcin grcunb. He is my friend. 9}icin grcunb, Wo bifl bu ? My friend, where are you ? h, 1. 3ci^ \)CLbt mcincS 3Satcr« ^uc^. I have my father's book. 2. @in SD^ann grower Xud^tlgfeit. A man of great ability. 3. 2)ad ^fcifen be« 3S^inbe8. The whistling of the wind. 4. @incr bcr $Rdubcr. One of the robbers. 5. @r ging tang en ©d^ritteS. He went with long strides. 6. Scgeii mcincr ^ranfdeit ging '\6) ntti^t au8. On account of my illness I did not go out. 7. @cincr @d^ntb bcttjugt. Conscious of his guilt. 8. Sr bcranbt mid^ nteineS @clbe§. He robs me of my money. ^6) crbarmc m\&j feincr. (58 crbormt tnid^ fciner. I pity him. 9. ^6) bcbarf fcincS 33ciftanb3. I need his assistance. c. 1. Sr gicbt mir cinen ^rief. He gives me a letter. 2. gotgen @ie mir. Follow me. . 3. Sr !am mir cntgegen. He came to meet me. 4. 2)er @eban!e fiel mir ein. The thought occurred to me. @§ g clang mir." I succeeded. 5. @r ift mir cnttanfen. He has run away from me. (gr na^m mir ba§ @c(b. Hfe took my money from me. 6. @el)en @ic mir, ob er ba ift. See whether he is there. 7. ®ic fiel bem ^ruber um ben §at8. She fell upon her brother's neck. 8. @et)en @ic mit 3^rem greunb. Go with your friend. 9. 2)a8 ift mir begreiflit^. That is comprehensible to me. @r ttJar bem SBater dt)nUc^. He resembled his father. S)a« i|l mir jd^ttjcr. That is difficult for me. 140 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. d. 1„ 3dj fe^e meinen gteuub. I see my friend. 2. ^d) bin iljn Io«. I am rid of him. 3, dv tljut e^ fiir feinen Jreunb. He does it for his friend. 4:» ®te tDar ben ganjen XaQ tm §aufe. She was in the house the whole day (all day long). iBorige^ 3a^r tvav id) in Berlin. Last year I was in Berlin. 2)er 3^^1*9 ^^^ ^^'^t S^B ^orf). The dwarf was three feet tall. 5. @ine l^ampe in ber §anb, trat er inS ^in^nter. With a lamp in his hand he entered the room. 3{)m ben $Rii(fen guge* tt)enbet, fa^ fte in bie gerne. With her back turned towards him, she was looking into the distance. 36. REMARKS ON TENSES. a. In vivid narration the present may be used for a past tense. 6. The present is often used for the future. c. The present is used instead of the perfect, to express what has been and still is ; and the im- perfect for the pluperfect, to express what had been and still was. d. Th« future sometimes denotes a supposed fact. EXAMPLES : a. S)cr geinb Wiegt nnb Iciuft. The enemy shot and ran. 6. 9Rorgen get)e i^ nadj ber @tabt. To-morrow I shall go to the city. c. 3(^ bin f^on t)ier 3al^re in 5tmeri!a. I have been four years in America. 3(^ ft)ar frf)on eine @tunbe gu §anfe. I had been home an hour. d. (it njirb l^ier gettjejen fein. He must have been here. 37. SUBJUNCTIVE. The Subjunctive is used : 1. Like the English subjunctive, in conditions, etc. 2. As English potential. 3. To express a wish. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 141 4. To express a command, and supplies the first and third persons of the imperative. 5. Regularly in indirect discourse. a. To express a condition contrary to reality in present time, the imperfect subjunctive is used ; contrary to reality in past time, the pluperfect subjunctive. b. In indirect discourse usually the present sub- junctive is used, if that would be the tense in the direct. EXAiyCPLES: 2. 3rf) modjtt gel^cn. I should like to go. 3. l^ang lebe bcr ^onig. Long live the king. 4. Tladtft er, tt)a6 er njill. Let him do what he will, ©e^en tt)it inS §au§. Let us go into the house. a. SBenn ic^ @elb ^citte, jo tDiirbe idj e« foufen. If I had money, I should buy it. SBcnn id) ®e(b ge^abt pttc, fo ^dttc ic^ c« gefauft. If I had had money, I should have bought it. h. (gr fagte, fie fei ba. He said she was there. 38. rwrPINITIVE. The Infinitive is used : 1. With or without the article as a neuter noun. 2. With 5u governed by the prepositions anftatt, or \iatti o^ne, and urn. 3. Without 5U with the modal auxiliaries, with fii^ten, l^ei^en, ^elfen, ijoxen, laffen, lel^ren, lernen, fe^en, toerben, and a few other verbs ; with other verbs ju is required. 4. With 5U in many other connections, with ad- jectives, nouns, etc. a. The active infinitive is used sometimes where the passive is used in English. 142 SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. h. With other prepositions than anftatt, or '{iaH^ o()ne, and um, is used a compound of ba and the preposition, followed by the infinitive with 5U, or by a clause introduced by \)aS^, c. An infinitive depending on another infinitive comes before it. EXAMPLES : 1. 2)a8 9?aud^cu ift niir unangenc^m. Smoking is disagreeable to me. 2. !5)ort^in njotttcn bic $lRdbd^en, um bic @omic in ba« 9JJecr fmfcn ju fcl^cn. Thither the girls wished to go, to see the sun set in the sea. 3. 3c^ ttjitt ge^cn. I wish to go. ^6) ^alf tl^r au«|lcigen. I helped her to alight. 3d) timufd^e ju gcljcn. I wish to go. 4. 2)a8 ift Ieid)t 311 t[)un. That is easy to do. a. Sa§ ift 511 t^uu? What is to be done? h. (Sr mar na^e baran, f§ 511 tt)un. He was near doing it. @r bcftc^t barauf, bag @ic i^n beja^tcn. He insists upon your paying him. c. ^er ^bnig ^at i^n erfc^icgen laffcu tt)oUcn. The king wished to have him shot. 39. PABTICIPLES. a. Participles are usually inflected and con- strued as adjectives. h. Participial phrases used adverbially in Eng- lish are nearly always expressed in German by clauses introduced by al^, ba, inbem, nacE)bem, toenn, etc. c. With a verb of motion, to express manner, or the kind of motion, the past participle is used instead of the present. d. The past participle has sometimes the force of an imperative. SUMMARY OF GERMAN GRAMMAR. 143 EXAMPLES : a. 2)ae Uebenbc ^inb. The loving child, ein gc(icbtc« ifinb. A beloved child. h. 2)a id) \\\n nid^t fonb, ging \ &., c. Tenses, Remarks on, 86* Time, Accusative of, 85, d., 4. Genitive of, 85, &., 5. Transposed Order, 38, a. , /. Verbs, Conjugation of. Compounded Separably, 28. Compounded Inseparably, 29. Separable or Inseparable, 80. Regular, 25. Irregular, 26. ' 2Sa«, 19, a., b. 2Ba8 fur, 19, d. Weak Conjugation, page 114, foot note. SScrbcn, 22, e, ©oUcn, 81, g. 6. m m m AJN IX^X^ ^XTT, ^ WILL BE ASSESSED F^->1 1 DEC28'P, b-rF' nni ,) ' {qj^qQi m ^m>^M>i wraessL '-f.r'^^ tyft^^yww^% i LD 21-100w-T,'33 d D i UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY