SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION HAWAII 1912 University of California Berkeley GIFT OF THE FRIENDS OF THE BANCROFT LIBRARY HAWAIIAN SOCIETY OF THE Sons of the American Revolution REGISTER FOR NINETEEN HUNDRED AND TWELVE WITH ROLL OF MEMBERS AND THEIR REVOLUTIONARY ANCESTORS AND OTHER INFORMATION OF INTEREST TO THE SOCIETY COMPILED BY LYLE A. DICKEY, PERLEY L. HORNE, ROBERT J. PRATT, HOWARD C. MOHR PRINTING COMMITTEE HONOLULU: PUBLISHED BY THE SOCIETY 1912 PRESS OF HAWAIIAN GAZETTE CO., LTD. HONOLULU, T. H. TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE Anniversaries 4 Historical Sketch of the Hawaiian Society 5 Officers of the National Society 37 Constitution and By-Laws of the National Society 37 Officers of the Hawaiian Society 48 Constitution and By -Laws of the Hawaiian Society 48 List of Past Officers of the Hawaiian Society 51 Ancestral Eecords of Members 52 List of Members 80 Index of Ancestors 82 List of Officers and Members of Aloha Chapter, Daughters of the American Kevolution . 83 ANNIVERSARIES. The following are the days, among others, which we celebrate February 22 Birth of Washington. May 10, 1775 Surrender of Ticoncleroga. June 14, 1777 Adoption American Flag. June 17, 1775 Battle Bunker Hill. June 17, 1895 Founding of the Hawaiian Society. June 28, 1776 Fort Moultrie. July 4, 1776 Declaration of Independence. August 16, 1777 Battle of Bennington. October 7, 1780 Battle of King's Mountain. October 17, 1777 Surrender of Burgoyne. October 19, 1774 Annapolis Tea Party. October 19, 1781 Surrender of Lord Cornwallis. November 25, 1783 Evacuation of New York. December 16, 1773 Boston Tea Party. December 26, 1776 Battle of Trenton. HISTORICAL SKETCH OF THE HAWAIIAN SOCIETY OF THE SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. The Hawaiian Society of the Sons of the American Eevolution was or- ganized June 17, 1895, on the anniversary of the Battle of Bunker Hill, with only eighteen members. A constitution based upon that of the Massa- chusetts State Society was adopted, and the following officers chosen: Peter Cushman Jones, president; Albert Francis Judd, vice-president; John Effinger, secretary; William DeWitt Alexander, registrar; William Joseph Forbes, treasurer; board of managers, Eev. Douglas Putnam Birnie, John Walter Jones and Henry Weld Severance. The annual business meetings of the Society have ever since been held on the 17th of June. Since the organization of the Hawaiian Society there have been many celebrations of anniversaries of Revolutionary historical events. Some of the accounts of these celebrations have been taken from the minutes of the Society and others gathered from the files of the Pacific Commercial Adver- tiser, which, together with other Honolulu papers, has given prominent place in its columns concerning all the patriotic work of the Hawaiian Society. ***** The one hundred and twenty-first anniversary of the Battle of Lexington was celebrated (April 19, 1896) at the home of Chief Justice Albert Francis Judd. After an invocation by Eev. Douglas P. Birnie, Hon. Peter Cushman Jones, president of the Society, delivered an address upon the significance of the day in which the patriotic sires of those present had made the stand against the troops of King George. Hon. Albert Francis Judd, vice-president, was the next speaker, followed by Mrs. W. W. Hall's rendition of Longfellow's poem, "Paul Revere 's Eide," which was greeted with applause. Mrs. Henry Castle then spoke interestingly on ' ' Lexington One Hundred Years After." This town has been Mrs. Castle's home, and she described the great cere- monies at the one hundredth anniversary of the Battles of Lexington and Concord when President U. S. Grant and thousands of Americans wended their way to this liberty spot. Though but a child at that time, Mrs. Castle remembered the dreary, drizzling day and the great crowds that thronged the village on that auspicious day. The old house in which Paul Eevere had his interview with John Hancock and Samuel Adams was de- scribed, and although still inhabited was being pulled down right on the heads of the dwellers therein by patriotic relic hunters. Marble slabs mark the spots of interest around these historic towns and the annual re- currence of the 19th of April brings a concourse of people from all over the East to Concord and Lexington to view again the place where our fore- fathers laid down their lives for liberty. Mrs. Castle was at Lexington a year ago and found the place thronged on that day with sightseers. All through Massachusetts and in all the older States markers have been placed by the Society of the Sons of the American Eevolution on the spots where great events occurred in the War of the Eevolution. Advertiser. ***** The Surrender of Cornwallis was celebrated by the Society on Monday evening (October 19, 1896) at the Y. M. C A. building, and was attended by many of Honolulu 's prominent men and women. The decorations were handsome, the American colors predominating, with a beautiful setting of flowers and plants. A large map showing the location of Yorktown and 6 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY interesting points of strategical army movements, prepared by Compatriots Judd and Dickey, was conspicuously displayed. On the stage were seated Hon. Albert Francis Judd, then vice-president of the Society; Eev. Douglas P. Birnie, and Captain Nathan Appleton, the honored guest of the evening. After the invocation had been offered by the Eev. Mr. Birnie, Secretary John Effinger called the roll, when all but eight of the members residing in Honolulu responded. Two letters from absent members were read, as follows : ONOMEA, October 12, 1896. Mr. John Effinger, Secretary Hawaii Society Sons of the American Eevo- lution, Honolulu : Dear Sir and Compatriot: Thanks for card of invitation to Cornwallis Day, but I cannot join. The last Cornwallis celebration I took part in was held in old Marlboro, about sixty years since. It used to be a quasi-holiday in our part of Massachusetts. Colonel Wood of our town, as colonel of the militia in that vicinity, as of right, represented Washington (and perhaps Lafayette). His command was made up of the Marlboro Eifles (a crack volunteer company), the Marlboro Militia Company, Sudbury Eifles, Stow, Acton, Concord, and other companies of that vicinity. The invading British were a scrub set from other neighboring towns. As a boy, of course my special attraction and admiration were our ' ' Old Continentals ' ' com- panies with no uniforms but in old clothes of '76, with queues and two wigs, flat hats, powder horns and old muskets, and a band of painted In- dians with bows, arrows and tomahawks. The enemy were driven into a fort on rising ground, and by skillful generalship we took their works. O, it was a glorious day! My grandfather's musket was in the action, but I am sorry to say it is no longer in evidence. Asa G. Thurston and I wished to celebrate one Fourth of July. We took the barrel from the stock, loaded it with plenty of powder, put in a long piece of iron that fitted the bore, fixed and chained it to a heavy "A." harrow, laid a long slow match, which we fired, and then prudently retired behind the barn. From our standpoint our plans had proved a success. The harrow was not injured, the slug went through the side of the mill house, to be sure, but did not pass through the head of a large cask of vinegar in which it was imbedded; but only fragments of the old Continental remained. When called to account the next day at headquarters, our only defense and miti- gating plea was: "But we are here, unharmed, and the old scrimshoned powder horn is safe. ' ' We hadn 't relics enough in the garret to go 'round, but one at a time we could equip ourselves in cocked hat, canteen, sword and powder horn and conquer Indians, British or any other invading foes. From a hill on the farm we could look over into Concord, Acton, and Lex- ington, and "almost discover" Bunker Hill, and shout to our ancestors "Stand, the ground's your own, my braves Will you give it up to slaves? Will you look for greener graves? Hope you mercy still? What's the mercy despots feel? Eead it in yon battle's peal," etc., etc. The story of how they heard us, and thought of us and "stood their ground" for us through those long, dreary years will never grow old, and we do well to renew their memory. I can scarcely account for my troubling a stranger with all this tiresome yarn, but doubtless a Compatriot will forgive. Yours sincerely and truly, WARREN GOODALE. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 7 HILO, October 15, 1896. Mr. John Effinger, Secretary: Dear Comrade: The notice of the reunion of the S. A. R. has been duly received. Many thanks. I sincerely regret my inability to attend. Hilo Sons are unfortunately cut off from enjoying these pleasant reunions, but we are with you in spirit, and would greatly enjoy being there in body to participate in the celebration. Very truly yours, L. SEVERANCE. Hon. Albert Francis Judd was the first speaker of the evening and read the following interesting paper: "Ladies and Gentlemen, and Comrades of the Sons of the American Revolution: The objects of this Society will be more fully enlarged upon by the principal speaker of the evening, who will follow me. The Hawaiian Society cannot, as its sister chapters in the United States do, erect monu- ments commemorative of the events of the War of Independence of the American colonists, being in a foreign land; so it has, besides the general objects of the Association, the special one of promoting a knowledge of American history among the young of these Islands. It is gratifying to notice so many young persons present here tonight. History is a noble study interesting to all classes, and is becoming more and more an essen- tial part of a liberal education. The first gun of the Revolution was fired at Lexington, Mass., on the 19th of April, 1775, the anniversary of which event this Society duly celebrated. Without attempting to sketch the in- tervening events, the various campaigns and battles, which were conducted with varying success on either side, the epoch culminating in the American victory at Yorktown, Virginia, celebrated tonight, begins in 1780,- nearly six years after Lexington and Concord. Benedict Arnold's treachery, by which he had planned to deliver West Point, and as a corollary the whole Hudson river, to Sir Henry Clinton, the British commander, had been exposed by a timely capture of Major Andre and the discovery of the papers of the plot on his person. This was in October, 1780. In May of the same year General Lincoln had allowed him- self to be cooped up in Charleston, S. C., and after a siege of two months had surrendered with his whole army. At Camden, S. C., Lord Cornwallis had defeated General Gates, thus annihilating for the second time in three months the American army at the South. The historian, John Fiske, says this was the darkest period of the war. Count Rochambeau, the French ally, with six thousand men, was blockaded and hemmed in on Rhode Island by the British fleet and troops. The value of the Continental money, being irredeemable paper, had fallen to about zero. It had taken $150 to buy a bushel of corn, and $2,000 for a suit of clothes, and now the people re- fused to take the Continental money at all, and resorted to barter. The Articles of Confederation between the thirteen States had not been ratified, and the only way that the Continental Congress could get either money or soldiers was by asking the States to furnish them. Great Britain was at war with France, Spain, Holland and the American Colonies. She had her hands full. This would account for the weakness with which the war was conducted on both sides. The British plan of campaign at this time was to first reduce all the States south of the Susquehanna river to subjec- tion, and in fulfillment of this design Cornwallis had started south. His road was inland, away from the supplies which the British fleet could fur- nish him. At "King's Mountain," the backwoodsmen from Kentucky, Ten- nessee, the Carolinas and West Virginia, under partisan leaders, defeated Ferguson, killing and wounding four hundred and taking seven hundred prisoners all that were left losing themselves only twenty-eight killed and sixty wounded. The British army was in a territory where the inhabi- 8 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY tants were unfriendly. This victory was the first gleaming forth of the silver lining of the dark cloud. Hearing of this disaster, Cornwallis fell back to Winnsborough, S. C., and sent for reinforcements. General Greene, second only to Washington as a tactician, took command of the army operating here, succeeding General Gates, who was a failure. His army was of only two thousand men. Baron Steuben was recruiting in Virginia. Leslie, and after him Arnold, operated against him with British troops sent from New York. General Greene divided his army into two forces. Marion, the ' ' Swamp Fox, ' ' with his squirrel hunters, threatened Cornwallis' connection with the coast, and Dan Morgan threatened Corn- wallis' inland posts. Tarleton, a gallant cavalry soldier, was sent by Corn- wallis with one thousand one hundred men to wipe out Morgan; but this was too large a contract for him, and they met at "Cowpens," South Carolina, January 17, 1781, when with only nine hundred men Morgan sur- rounded Tarleton and killed and wounded two hundred and thirty and took six hundred prisoners and all their guns. Tarleton escaped with only two hundred and seventy men. The American loss was only twelve killed and sixty-one wounded. By most skillful strategy, Greene moved the two parts of his army northward in converging lines until they met at Guilford Court House. Here a battle took place March 15, 1781, and Cornwallis, though he had the nominal victory, holding the field and repulsing the Americans, lost nearly one-third of his troops and had to retreat to Wilmington, and finally moved back to Virginia, arriving at Petersburg on May 20. Greene, following his victorious enemy according to his usual custom, pursued Corn- wallis for fifty miles, then faced about and marched one hundred and fifty miles to Camden and recaptured it, and having reduced all the inland posts, finally met the enemy in the obstinate battle of Eutaw Springs on September 8th, both sides claiming the victory. This part of the British forces then stayed in Charleston under the protection of their fleet. Cornwallis meanwhile had five thousand men at Petersburg, and Benedict Arnold was recalled to New York. Lafayette was at Eichmond with three thousand men. In a nine weeks campaign Cornwallis vainly endeavored to force Lafayette to a battle, and finally Lafayette, reinforced by Steuben and Wayne, pursued Cornwallis to the coast, where in July he found him- self at Yorktown with eight thousand men. What was Washington doing? He planned with remarkable generalship and with equally remarkable celerity and secrecy executed the movement which led to the destruction of Cornwallis and virtually closed the war. Knowing that an immense French fleet under Count de Grasse was approach- ing Chesapeake Bay, Washington moved Eochambeau from Ehode Island across Connecticut to the Hudson river, left a small force there and then started with Eochambeau on his superb march to Virginia after Cornwallis. Sir Henry Clinton supposed that the French fleet was bound to New York and that Washington had started to meet it at Staten Island, and it was not until Washington had passed Philadelphia that it dawned upon Sir Henry that Washington might be bound for Virginia. It was too late to retrieve the error, and the attempted diversion made by Benedict Arnold at New London was both cruel and futile. On September 26th Washington joined with Lafayette, and with sixteen thousand men, of whom seven thousand were Frenchmen, "bottled up" Cornwallis on the peninsula of Yorktown. We turn now to the French fleet. It was in two divisions, one under de Barras of eight ships of the line and eighteen transports with three thou- sand five hundred men and a train of heavy artillery. It sailed from New- port, E. I., in August for the Chesapeake, making a wide detour to avoid Hood, the British admiral, and his fleet. De Grasse had raised money at Havana for the Americans, who were, as we have seen, in sore need, and sailed with twenty-eight ships of the line through the Bahamas and an- SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 9 chored just outside the capes of the Chesapeake. Hood had looked into the Chesapeake just before this, and not finding the French fleet there, sailed on to New York and joined Admiral Graves, who took command, being the senior admiral, and the fleet, now of nineteen line of battleships, went back to the Chesapeake. De Grasse went out to meet Graves. The English with nineteen ships attacked the French, who had twenty-four. They maneuv- ered and fought some, but no decided advantage was gained by either side. Before de Barras had slipped in and landed the siege artillery and troops. Graves, finding the situation hopeless, sailed back to New York, and de Grasse anchored and blocked the James and York rivers, thus making an effectual blockade of Cornwallis on the seaside. Now about the siege. Cornwallis had fortified the town with seven redoubts and six batteries on the land side and a line of batteries along the river. Gloucester Point, on the opposite side of the York river, was also fortified, and in the river were a number of British vessels. The allied forces drew their parallels, the French given the post of honor at the front. The batteries opened on the 9th of October, 1781. On the llth the second parallel was only three hundred yards from the forts. The 14th witnessed an assault, when the French and Americans each captured a redoubt. The Americans were led by Alexander Hamilton. Lafayette had a command in the American army. The cannonade continued. By the 16th the British fortifications were al- most destroyed and most of their guns dismounted. An attempted escape by the British by night to Gloucester Point was defeated by a storm, which destroyed their boats. On the 19th of October, the day we this evening celebrate, Lord Cornwallis surrendered. The allied armies were drawn up in two lines, the French headed by Kochambeau on one side and the Ameri- cans headed by Washington on the other, and the British troops marched out between the two and laid down their arms, Washington forbidding any huzzas and saying that history would do the huzzaing. To the French were surrendered the two British frigates and twenty transports that re- mained. To the Americans were surrendered seven thousand prisoners (two thousand of which were wounded), two hundred and thirty-five pieces of cannon, eight thousand stand of arms, twenty-eight regimental colors. The British loss was five hundred and fifty and the allies three hundred. It is said that the humiliation to Lord Cornwallis was so great that he remained in his house and sent his sword to Washington by the hand of General O'Hara. Washington offered it to General Lincoln to alleviate his mortification on surrendering at Charleston. Another tradition is that Washington offered the sword to Lafayette, who declined it. The excite- ment in the colonies was intense. The news spread from town to town and State to State. Church bells were rung, and the cry swept along to Phila- delphia, "Cornwallis is taken." A general day of thanksgiving was ordered by Congress and solemnly observed. More excitement even was occasioned in London, and Parliament Hall echoed with the speeches of Burke, Fox and Pitt, denouncing the continuance of the war. Charles Cornwallis was educated at Eton and Cambridge, had served as aid-de-camp of the Marquis of Granby in the seven years' war, and was governor of the town of London. He was personally opposed to the war in America, as were many prominent men in England, but went with his command, as ordered, to America, where he gained a good many victories, until his final defeat, for which, as it seems to me, Sir Henry Clinton was responsible. As we all know, the capitulation at Yorktown was decisive. The British and Americans rarely clashed arms thereafter. Lord North's ministry resigned the next year. 1782 a treaty of peace was made by Lord Selborne's ministry and signed by the Coalition in 1783. After many suc- cessive ministries in England William Pitt finally, in 1784, obtained a com- plete victory over King George Ill's party, and his cherished plans against the American colonies were overthrown. Cabinet or parliamentary govern- 10 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY ment was firmly established in Great Britain. Lord Cornwallis had quite a brilliant career after his return to England. He became governor-general of India, was raised to the Marquisate on his return from India, was ap- pointed lord-lieutenant of Ireland, put down the rebellion there of 1798, and gained, strange to say, the good will of the Irish people. He was again appointed governor-general of India and died there in 1805. History awards him the qualities of uprightness, diligence and a humane disposition. I have touched but lightly upon the great value of the French alliance to the struggling colonies and the brilliant services of Eochambeau, de Grasse and Lafayette these will be enlarged upon by the speaker who follows me. I do not speak either of the character and generalship of the matchless Washington, leaving that to the next reunion of our Society, when on the anniversary of his birth we may join with seventy millions of Americans in celebrating his heroic deeds. ' ' Miss Lawrence read in a most charming manner James Russell Lowell's ' * Commemoration Ode. ' ' Vice-President Judd then introduced Captain Nathan Appleton, vice-president of the Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. Captain Appleton, in commencing his address, said that he was one of the three vice-presidents of the Massachusetts Society, the others being Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge and Mr. Foster, who is now dead, and whose place would in all probability be filled at the meeting of the Society held today in Boston. Organizations of the character of the Sons of the American Revolution are of recent growth. It seems strange, but the first organization was in California in 1875, and was called the Sons of Revo- lutionary Sires. This is considered the pioneer branch of the Society. Afterward, when other societies had been formed and called themselves the Sons of the American Revolution, the California Society had adopted that as their name also. ' ' I can, ' ' said he, ' ' see California beckoning to the Society here to come over and form one of the constellation of stars that are throughout the United States." In February, 1893, he attended a meeting in New York City of all the societies of like character to this to form a union society. But it was a failure, and now he was glad of it. Why? Because in that Revolution we gained our independence, and it will always be known as the American Revolution. The Sons of the American Revolution is the name, and will always be the name in the future. In 1520 the French General Champlain and others took from us Louisiana and other parts of the country; these same persons in later years ,helped us to regain the land from the English. The Society has for its emblem or insignia the cross of St. Louis, an order of French kings and nobility, whose last president, Louis XVI., allowed Lafayette to come over to America. Nothing more appropriate could have been chosen. On one side is the head of Washington, on the reverse a minute-man. Mr. Reed was the first man to conceive the idea of marking the graves of the persons who were in the Revolution. The marker is made of iron or bronze and is placed on the grave. The cross has on it "1775" and a figure of a minute-man. Very few of the graves were known, and when these markers were produced many persons interested themselves to find out the graves, and in this way names were found on the tombs which were fast going to decay, and were preserved for the Society. Fast day has also been changed to Patriot's day, on April 19, and now is generally observed throughout the States. A great many people wonder why we citizens take up the matter of our ancestors. When we think of the Pilgrims, who dwindled away from one hundred and fifty; the Separatists, the Puritans and those who settled in Virginia, which was the beginning of the Great SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 11 Eepublic, which at the time of the Eevolution numbered about three million, and now nearly seventy million, would it not be of interest and value to find the number of their descendants since? It is of historical and educa- tional interest, and not aping Europe in pride of ancestors. Two years ago I was appointed to do a very graceful act in taking one of these markers to Lafayette's grave. After arriving in Paris one of the first things I did was to make inquiries concerning the descendants of Lafayette. Interesting facts were found that Lafayette had one son and three daugh- ters. The son had two daughters, who both were unmarried, leaving no heirs who could bear the name of Lafayette. The daughters of Lafayette have about forty decendants, and the French government authorized that two of the male descendants should be called Lafayette. The cemetery where Lafayette was buried is a most interesting spot. There are about twenty tombs of the great French nobility in this lot, and in an adjoining lot are the graves of three thousand Frenchmen who sacrificed their lives in an attempt to follow Lafayette's efforts. It seems almost an irony of fate that these two lots should be so placed. We have never made any ade- quate return to France for what she had done for us in our trying times. A few avenues and buildings have been named after Lafayette, and re- cently a statue of him has been erected in New York City, but the debt still remains unpaid. Out of sixteen thousand men engaged in the battle at Yorktown, over half of them were Frenchmen. These men returned to France and reported on their endeavors to found a new republic across the ocean. People were aroused, and it was the first rebound of the ball which started the French Eevolution and gave to France and her people their rights. Since 1870 the French Eepublic has stood, and on this day it is most appropriate that we should recognize what France has done for the United States. In closing, Captain Appleton said : "I am glad to be here tonight and to extend to this branch in the newest Eepublic the fraternal greetings of the Massachusetts Society. ' ' Hon. A. F. Judd then moved that a vote of thanks be extended to Cap- tain Appleton for his most entertaining talk, and that he be authorized to carry the greetings of the Honolulu Society to her sister, the Massachu- setts Society. It was carried by a standing vote. Miss Grace Eichards then sang the verses of the Star Spangled Banner, the audience joining in the chorus. Eefreshments were served to the mem- bers and their friends. # * # # # Washington's Birthday (1897) was celebrated by the Society at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Peter Cushman Jones, there being a large attend- ance of the members and invited guests. The evening's program consisted of addresses by President P. C. Jones, Vice-President A. F. Judd, Eev. Sereno E. Bishop and Sidney M. Ballou; rendition of patriotic selections by Miss Parmalee and the reading of Lowell's ode to Washington by Miss Agnes Judd. The early part of the evening the members of the Society were highly gratified to have an opportunity to exchange greetings with Compariot vV^arren Goodale, who has for some time been a member of the Society, but never before present at any of its gatherings. Mr. Goodale seemed par- ticularly happy in meeting old friends and was to all appearances in usual health. The news of his death, which occurred a few minutes after he left the house, immediately put an end to the social festivities of the evening. Advertiser. * * * * * The celebration of Washington's Birthday (1898) was held at the home of Edwin Austin Jones, the members and guests numbering about one hun- dred and fifty. Eev. D. P. Birnie offered prayer, after which an address of welcome was delivered by Compatriot Peter Cusnman Jones. Prof. 12 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Frank A. Hosmer, president of Oahu College, gave a review of the life of George Washington, making a skillful analysis of the great patriot who, boy and man, soldier and statesman, had shown true greatness. Miss Cart- wright gave a splendid rendition of ''Spirit of '76," the story being most beautifully and effectively told. Patriotic selections were given by a quar- tette under the leadership of Prof. Theodore Eichards. Mrs. E. F. Wood- ward sang the ' * Star Spangled Banner ' ' with excellent effect, the audience joining in the chorus. In presenting the American representative (Mr. Sewall) there was refer- ence by Mr. Jones to the three Ministers of Hawaii all coming from the State of Maine Luther Severance, John L. Stevens, and Harold M. Sewall. Mr. Jones thought that Maine, for the good quality of her sons, owed something to her mother State Massachusetts. American Minister Sewall made a stirring address. He paid glowing tribute to Washington and to the memory of the first President, and from the life of Washington drew lessons applying to the duties of Americans of the present day. Mr. Sewall said that some people frequently referred to the declaration of Washington concerning ' ' entangling alliances. ' ' The speaker thought that were Washington a figure of this day he would be in favor of territorial expansion. When Mr. Sewall strikes the topic of Americanism his tones are ringing, and yesterday was no exception to his habit in these premises. The formal program closed with the singing of * ' America. ' ' Eef reshments were then served in the large dining room under the direction of Mrs. P. C. Jones, who had secured as helpers young ladies from Kawaiahao Seminary. Advertiser. * * * * * The Society of the Sons of the American Eevolution met at the residence of Mr. W. E. Castle on Saturday evening (February 22, 1902). The ser- vices began by reading a part of the Constitution of the Society. This was followed by a song, rendered by Mr. Arthur Wall. Mr. W. E. Castle then introduced Major Davis, of Camp McKinley, who spoke on the life of Washington. He said Washington was raised in Westmoreland County, Virginia, and inherited much land from his father. While studying in his youth he learned the principles of truth and justice, which he observed during his life. He always nursed the spark of fire, "conscience." In his early youth he received an appointment in the British army. Major Davis detailed the incidents of his early life, and related several which are not commonly known. He said Washington was a millionaire, but used his means for the best ends. At the battle in which Braddock was defeated by the French and Indians, he was the only mounted officer who escaped slaughter. It was while in Western Pennsylvania with the British , forces that he discovered the great value of coal and iron lands, and these he purchased. Major Davis briefly traced the public services of Washington, reviewing his character as a soldier, citizen and statesman, and again stated that which is believed by many, that it was the singular prudence, wisdom and skill of Washington which insured the success of the Eevolution. After a song by Mrs. C. B. Cooper, Mr. W. N. Armstrong spoke on the Scotch-Irish of America and their large contribution to the success of Washington's armies. He said it was about time the Scotch-Irish had some innings in history. The Anglo-Saxons have had it their own way, so far; had claimed everything. We constantly hear of the civilization of the Anglo-Saxon, but little is said of that important body of Scotch-Irish, who are also foremost in movements of civilization in America. This race were the Celts, who had emigrated from Ireland to Scotland in the fourth century, had mixed with the native Caledonians, and with some of the Eng- lish. In the seventeenth century, owing to religious persecution, they began to emigrate to Ireland, and made Ulster county famous for its thrift. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 13 When persecuted in religious matters, they emigrated to America, landing mainly in Philadelphia. They spread out into the rich valleys of Pennsyl- vania, swarmed up the Shenandoah valley of Virginia, crossed the mourr tains into Tennessee and Kentucky, made the backbone of those States, and moved south into Carolinas. The bloody battle of Culloden, which defeated the * ' Pretender, ' ' caused such vengance and persecution of the Scotch clans that in one year over thirty thousand of them left for Ireland and America. The pure Gaelic language was even spoken by the negro slaves of the Scot- tisn immigrants. In the Eevolutionary War the Scotch-Irish alone nearly won the battle of King's Mountain in North Carolina. Though clearly a different type from the Anglo-Saxons, these Scotch-Irish made themselves strongly felt in the highest stations. Of the Presidents, Jefferson, Madison, Monroe, Jackson, Taylor, Polk and Johnson were Scotch-Irish. Of the great jurists, Chief Justice Marshall and Associate Justice Campbell were of this race. The great generals, Lee, Jackson, the Johnsons, Stuart and Grant, also Sam Houston, were of this extraordinary race. Of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, fourteen were Scotch-Irish. Wither- spoon, whose eloquence roused the doubtful members to sign the declaration, was one of them. The Anglo-Saxon and the Scotch-Irish moved forward on parallel lines, but the Anglo-Saxon was, perhaps, getting too much of the glory of movement. This was not fair. The Scotch-Irish were too modest. The facts presented showed the value of their service in building up the nation. Advertiser. To honor the memory of George Washington, an audience which filled Central Union Church beyond the doors of the auditorium gathered last evening (February 22, 1902), and song and oration were joined in the glori- fication of the Father of his Country. It was an audience which repre- sented young and old, and which drew together men and women of all faiths and no faith, to worship at the shrine of Country, for Washington and that for which he stood, furnished the themes of prayer and praise. The program was a varied one, embodying the set orations of Governor Dole and Judge Estee, choruses by the young Hawaiians of Kamehameha School, and a special choir of young men, a solo by Mrs. Turner and the full strength of the lungs of the audience in the "Battle Hymn of the Eepublic ' ' and ' ' America. ' ' And through it all there was a stillness which bespoke interest and which manifested itself in applause when, with an apostrophe the Governor closed his appeal for good citizenship on the model of the greatest of all Americans, and again as Judge Estee paid his meed of praise to our country. The audience began to gather early, and every seat within the church was filled when the hour set for the service arrived. Then as the late comers thronged the entrance halls, chairs were brought in from the lecture room until the aisles held their lines of seats, and when these were taken other scores stood without the main room, unable to find space within below or above, but content to enjoy the feast. "To Thee, O Country!" was the opening anthem which, rendered by a male choir of a dozen voices, fixed the attention of the gathering upon the theme which was to be the domi- nant note of the evening. President C. B. Dyke, of Kamehameha Schools, read the 67th Psalm, and then all the young people of the two schools, to the number of two hundred and fifty, sang E. A. P. Newcomb's chorus "Hawaii" in a manner at once impressive and excellent. After prayer by President A. M. Smith, the chorus sang an arrangement of "Lead, Kindly Light, ' ' and Mrs. Turner rendered ' ' The Holy City, ' ' which led up to the entire congregation singing Julia Ward Howe's "Battle Hymn of the Eepublic." The grand old chorus swelled through the auditorium, and its echoes had not more than died away before Governor Dole was presented 14 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY to make the first address of the evening upon ' ' Lessons from the Life of Washington. In part the Governor said: ' * When the historian comes to make up his estimate of the life of one whose career enters into the chronicle which he must write, he searches about for facts which will throw light upon the character of the man, to find the real man. His ancestry, his youth and his age must be traced, and when he has reached the stage where the history is to take him up, it must be learned what has been the impress which he made upon the people of his own country. Finally, it must be taken into account what impress he made upon the age in which he lived. Has his life been productive of fruit; has he left an indelible impression upon his people and the world. The character of George Washington must be studied in this way. All sen- timent must be brushed aside and only the truth taken from the record of the life of this man. We don't know much about his childhood. It does not make any difference whether or not the story of the hatchet and the tree is true, the fact that the character of the man left this impress upon the people among whom he lived is of more value. The young man showed the character which always distinguished him, for, sent into the wilderness to survey lands where the men and the animals were alike ferocious, he bravely and well did his work, and again wuen he took an interest in mili- tary affairs, he was speedily found at the front, leading his men and mak- ing for himself the name which after led to higher places. Serving with tue troops of the mother country, he showed coolness in trial and bravery in the face of danger. When oppression was alienating the young colony from the mother country, although an aristocrat, he became a democrat in his devotion to his country and the cause of freedom. The whole world was in a ferment and the cry was for a leader. So when America decided to rebel to the young Virginian the Continental Congress turned. Men from all the colonies were won by this man, and when he received the unanimous vote he felt the responsibilities pressed upon him. He led his forces, and though often when the clothing was insufficient, the food poor and the arms and ammunition not in order, men deserted, he never lost faith. Later he found that calumnies were spreading about him, and he at once resigned his commission and returned to his farm at Mt. Vernon, perhaps the hap- piest man in the country, that his hopes for the nation had been realized. Again he was called out of retirement for the purpose of assisting in the formation of the Constitution, and there he showed the same devotion to the cause of good government and good morals. Again he was called from his retirement to take the Chief Magistracy of the Nation, and during eight difficult years he worked and struggled to adjust the relations of the nation. So well was his work done that even today there is much in the department done on the lines he laid down. In private life he was the typical good citizen, and he never failed to make his record accord with his early promise. ' ' Today his name is a household word, not only in America, but as well wherever liberty is loved by a people. His Farewell Address to his people is a model of rules for national action, and even yet it is quoted and fol- lowed. He is known as "First in War, First in Peace and First in the Hearts of His Countrymen." In times of war every man is stirred by the feeling of patriotism and he is willing to give his life. Patriotism is like religion. Men are ready to lay down their lives for their country. But in times of peace men want their time for their own uses. They want to get rich. There is more danger for a republic in times of peace than in time of war. So many men want to go to sleep. Washington held the trust of his countrymen, for he was alike true to his ideals in peace and war. He placed his duty to the State above his private aims. Washington, through all, had faith in God. We know that sometimes he swore, but we know also that he prayed. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 15 "We are new American citizens, and there can be no better lesson for the youth of the country than to study the life of Washington. I wish the new generation of Hawaii would make his life their lesson of patriotism. 1 cannot imagine Washington pulling wires to retain office; he took office from a sense of duty to his country. Such an example is an entirely wholesome one, and one which if lived up to must be followed by the greatest results." When the applause which had followed the words of Governor Dole had subsided, Judge Morris M. Estee, Federal Judge of this District, was pre- sented by the Governor. He said the previous speaker had covered the principal portion of what he had intended to say about Washington, and he endorsed every word of it. He then proceeded on the topic of " Amer- ican Citizenship. ' ' Washington, he said, was the model citizen, for not only did he do more than any another to win the liberty of his country, but did more to perpetuate it, for when advised to declare himself a dictator he refused, and even would not run for a third time, saying the precedent would be a dangerous one. It is impossible to separate his name from the people he made free, and no greater tribute can be paid him than to discuss how to make better citizens. From his time until now the American people have been schooled in free government, and each citizen is equal to all other citizens. He said: ' * No particular birthright was necessary to make an American citizen ; no family name gave force to his citizenship. Our land laws were liberal, our fathers encouraged European immigration and the poor of the world got homes here. It may be true that many do not sufficiently value their American citizenship, but it is nevertheless a most glorious privilege to be a citizen of the United States. Take the people of these Islands. The humblest citizen living in this remote Territory is the political equal of any other citizen of the United States living elsewhere. The same Consti- tution spreads its protecting wings over all alike; your lives and property are protected the same as the lives and property of all other Americans. ' ' Judge Estee referred to the Constitution, and then went on to the growth of the nation, saying it was so prosperous that the people lived better than any other people on earth, being rather an earning than a saving popula- tion. No people are governed so little or so well as Americans, he said, and also none are so happy and so well cared for in every way, even in the benefits of education. Judge Estee dwelt upon the necessity for education, and the power it gave, and finally upon the necessity for free homes and a thinking labor, closing with an eloquent apostrophe to the citizen and the nation which rests upon him. The exercises closed with "America." Advertiser. With the Declaration of Independence prominently displayed, the Ha- waiian Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, together with the local chapter of the Daughters of the American Eevolution, celebrated last nignt (October 19, 1903) in Y. M. C. A. hall the one hundred and twenty- second anniversary of the surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown in 1781. The historic features of that memorable event were duly presented by Governor Dole and Eev. W. M. Kincaid, and appropriate music was rendered. Governor Dole was introduced by F. J. Lowrey, chairman of the celebration. The Governor prefaced his remarks by telling of a school teacher in a generation gone by, in Honolulu, whose father had fought at Bunker Hill at fifteen years of age. A pupil had asked her, breathlessly, if her father was slain, a query which caused general laughter. The Governor told of the results of the surrender which laid the foundation for the United States to become a world power. He believed the organization of the Sons of the American Eevolution was one to make memorable 16 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY American patriotism, and he was glad to speak on that subject. He said that there was an objection by some people to these societies because they engendered the war spirit, but he did not believe this when the societies tempered their lessons with patriotism. Men who thought thus, influenced for good in every community. "This idea of patriotism of a body of men who stand between their country and danger is a grand and splendid subject to contemplate, ' ' said he. ' ' I feel that a society of this kind may go further than that. There is other patriotic work for it. There is a patriotism to prevent danger from foreign agression which requires patriotism of a higher type. This is the patriotism which prevents insidious growths that deprive citizens of their rights. American citizens have the right to liberty and the pursuit of hap- piness that is their legal right their normal right. But are there not many American citizens who are without the opportunity of exercising it? If there is any menace to these rights the men who will develop opposition to this are as much entitled to praise as the men who fight on the battle- field. It is the province of societies like this to inculcate the idea of pa- triotism which will go forward to develop patriotism to protect citizens from invasions of any character. "If Mars should attack Earth, I am certain we would find that the whole population of Earth would unite in one common cause to repel Mars. That shows how the whole world ought to be one community, for when one nation suffers the others must suffer with it. "It is extremely rare nowadays that the great nations attack each other. Arbitration is rapidly developing, and this is made the basis of adjustment of their differences. We have heard by cable this week that England and tne United States had settled their Alaska boundary question. This was done by a body of men sitting in a room in London. It cost a few thou- sand dollars, but in years gone by great suffering would have been caused, thousands of lives sacrificed and millions of dollars spent to settle this question. It is a wonderful advance, and we wonder that the world did not think of it earlier. This national duelling is just as absurd as indi- vidual duelling the world over. These are the things for the Society to in- culcate and spread all over the world. Through the influence of the United States more nations have advanced along these lines, and citizenship has been established in many parts of Europe, and there are numbers of thrones of Europe being threatened. This opens up a splendid vista for a society of this kind to spread patriotism of the highest type. If this Society is going to do this kind of work, I should be glad to be a member of it. ' ' Eev. W. M. Kincaid spoke on the Ideal American. He said that in tak- ing any man out of history like Washington, the hero of Yorktown, who stands as the incarnation of all that is noble and great in history, the ideal American was presented. A man cannot help be otherwise if he is, true to the principles upon which his government is founded. His opinion was that the ideal American represented all that is the embodiment of liberty to serve God and his brother at his side. The ideal American was not a myth. Americanism was simply law with liberty and liberty with law. Every na- tion has had its great national ideal. The American ideal is liberty to the individual man because he is a man. There had been republics before the fall of Yorktown consummated the American republic, but they gave liberty only to the few and slavery to the many. America took liberty to her bosom. The nation felt that liberty was not the gift of a sect, but that whether the State willed or not, whether the man was of the highest or the lowest cast, the fact that he was a man was sufficient to entitle him to the privileges of liberty and the privileges of citizenship. Mr. Lowrey announced that owing to indisposition, Judge M. M. Estee was unable to be present to make his address on the battle of Yorktown. He then read the following: SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 17 At the centennial celebration of the surrender of Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, October 19, 1881, the following order, written by James G. Blaine and signed by President Arthur, was read and carried out : i t In recognition of the friendly relations so long and so happily subsisting be- tween Great Britain and the United States, in the trust and confidence of peace and good will between the two countries, for all the centuries to come, and in view of the profound respect felt by the American people for the illustrious sovereign and gracious lady who now sits upon the British throne, it is hereby ordered that at the close of the services commemorative of the valor and success of our forefathers in their patriotic struggle for inde- pendence, the British flag shall be saluted by the forces of the army and navy of the United States now at Yorktown. " This was followed by the singing of America, and the meeting came to a close, to be supplemented by the serving of refreshments and a social half hour. The copy of the Declaration of Independence on view was sent to Mrs. W. W. Hall, Kegent of the local chapter of the Daughters of the American Kevolution, by Mrs. Eyan of Massachusetts. In her letter she stated that a copy had been sent to a mountain fastness of Kentucky, where the mountaineers had never seen an American flag. The musical program was a pleasing feature of the entertainment, the first selection being a trio by three ladies, accompanied by violin and piano. Mr. Stanley Livingstone sang a solo, and a quartette composed of Mrs. Damon, Miss Byington, Mr. Livingstone, and Mr. E. C. Brown rendered a humorous selection in a pleasing manner. Advertiser. ***** A meeting of the Sons and Daughters of the American Eevolution was held last evening (August 16, 1905) at the Luakaha residence of Mr. and Mrs. C. M. Cooke. Mrs. Clarence Cooke received in the absence of Mrs. C. M. Cooke, who is at present on Kauai with her mother, Mrs. Eice. A supper was served shortly after seven o'clock to which about fifty mem- bers of the society sat down. The exercises later in the evening were opened by a violin solo by Miss Ethel Andrews, accompanied on the piano by Mrs. Frank Atherton. Mr. Livingstone of Kamehameha sang two songs. He was accompanied by his wife. A brief address was made by Mr. C. M. Cooke, in which he welcomed the Sons and Daughters to the meet- ing, and also urged those present to get others to join the Society, as there were many here who were eligible, but who were not members. Mr. W. E. Castle gave the principal address of the evening, taking as his subject 1 ' The Battle of Bennington, ' ' the anniversary of which event the Society celebrated last night. Mr. Castle's address was as follows: In these days of critical research it is likely that the proper place in his- tory has been assigned to the Battle of Bennington. But it has not been my good fortune to have seen the results of such research, nor do I even know whether such work has been done. Every American, however, knows that when the story of the battle was first read by him a thrill of exultant satisfaction followed the reading. How much greater must have been the excitement and joy through the country when the report of the victory spread as fast as good horses could carry the news. Burgoyne was making unchecked progress. He was at the Hudson river. Ticonderoga, supposed to be an impregnable fortress, had fallen. A large quantity of guns, am- munition, army stores, food and clothing had fallen into the hands of the British. In the south, Howe, with a fine army, was threatening Philadel- phia; Washington had been beaten near New York. The English were put- ting forth every effort to crush the rebellion and again bring the colonies into subjection. Everywhere the cause of liberty was at a low ebb. It seemed as though the struggle for liberty must soon collapse. Burgoyne evidently thought so, for he wrote to Lord Germain, "As things have 18 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY turned out, were I at liberty to march in force immediately by my left instead of my right, I should have little doubt of subduing before winter the provinces where the rebellion originated. ' ' But his orders were to cut tne country in two, and thus prevent New England from helping or re- ceiving help from the central and southern portions. It looked as if this plan was destined to be covered with prompt success. The Indians were putting in their deadly work as auxiliaries of the British army. On all sides they were murdering and scalping helpless women and children, burn- ing farm houses and destroying the crops. Even if the British commanders were ashamed of such allies and wanted to restrain their brutality, they could not do it, and bloodshed and murder ran riot. To the present day a gnarled and aged oak tree is pointed out near Fort Edward where Miss Jane McCrea was killed and scalped. She was known through all that sec- tion as one of the most beautiful, kindly and accomplished of women, and her tragic end inspired both fear and bitter resentment. Thus matters stood early in August, 1777. Burgoyne was everywhere vic- torious, but the stubborn fight at Hubbardton had been a dearly won vic- tory. He lost two hundred good fighters, and it also showed that the sturdy farmer, even though not a soldier, could and would fight. Many of the farming population in what is now Southern Vermont, Northwestern Massa- chusetts and from the region about Lake George and the head of Champlain had abandoned their homes and fled in terror from the track of the terrible enemy. The minister in Stockbridge wrote : ' ' We are greatly burdened with people who have fled from the New Hampshire Grants, almost down to the Connecticut line. ' ' Picture the scenes which were on all sides in the beautiful Ilousatonic valley. Frightened mothers with tender children, grim men, struggling between love for their helpless families, a sense of duty to the country and the strong desire to fight and save the homes which were falling into the hands of a ruthless enemy to be devastated by sav- ages, whose methods of warfare blanched the cheek and froze the blood of the listener. Everywhere there was discouragement and a growing con- viction that the fight for liberty was a failure. This was fostered and en- couraged by the proclamations frequently published by the British generals, offering amnesty to those who would promptly submit, but threatening a vengeance very terrible to the obdurate who held out against their lawful sovereign George III. The Americans well knew what this vengeance meant, for the Indian allies of the despotic and arrogant English govern- ment were entrusted with its execution. But not all patriots were discouraged. Through the ''New Hampshire Grants," in the Connecticut and Merrimac valleys, down on the coast, in the hills of Berkshire, the fire of liberty existed, and revived with a bright flame as the enemy gained victories and seemed on the point of overwhelm- ing the little armies of Americans. But there was no money in th,e treas- ury and the assembled farmers at Exeter sat silent and uncertain. John Langdon, a Portsmouth shopkeeper, arose and said: "I have $3000 in cash, my plate can be pledged for as much; I have seventy hogsheads of Tobago rum, which can be sold for what it will bring. These are at your service. If we succeed, the State can pay it back; if we fail, they are of little use to me ! ' ' Courage at once revived ; the militia was reorganized. John Stark was commissioned by the Colony of New Hampshire a general and given free rein to do as he willed. Orders were given to march rapidly to the Connecticut and rendezvous at Charlestown. Soon the militia were there, about sixteen hundred of them, under Colonels Stickney, Nichols and Hobart, General Stark being the leader of the whole force. The men were rapidly drilled. Some engaged in running a solitary bullet mould night and day. One musty old cannon was found. It was quickly mounted on a pair of cart wheels, and the little army started over the hills for Benning- ton. If the road was too steep or lost altogether, then lusty men dragged SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 19 the gun up the rugged hillsides. Meantime the rural towns along the Housatonic were sending men to Schuyler, who having a very poor opinion of the New England soldier, late in July sent most of them home, to their disgust and disappointment. Schuyler meantime was urging Washington to send troops from his own depleted ranks whence they could ill be spared. lie also ordered Stark to join him at Saratoga, but that officer, who did not hold a Continental commission, flatly refused. In his opinion, which was also that of Washington, though Stark did not know it, the course which promised most success was to hang on Burgoyne 's flank and rear, attacking whenever possible, and cutting off small detachments. Burgoyne, who on July 30th reached the Hudson and whose course it seemed impossible to stem, was in serious need of transportation. It was represented to him that the Americans had established large stores, espe- cially of horses, at Bennington, which might easily be captured, and he resolved to send out a detachment to bring them in. Generals Phillips and Eeidesel, whose experience led them to believe that the Americans still possessed forees under leaders of dash and ability, and that a sparate de- tachment would occupy a position of great peril, protested against this plan. But Burgoyne was obdurate, and only enlarged the scope and extent of the plan. His instructions to Lieut.-Col. Baum, the German officer who was assigned to the command of the expedition, were to proceed to Bennington, capture the stores and horses, sending them back at once, while the re- mainder of the force advanced to Brattleboro, thence to return through the northern part of Berkshire and rejoin the army at Albany. Baum was to be acccompanied by Peters' corps (this was composed of Tories and In- dians), which was to scour the country and carry off all cattle, sheep and horses. It is about thirty miles from Batten Kill on the Hudson to Ben- nington, and Baum was expected to make the dash inside of two days. With a force of about eight hundred, among whom were over four hundred of the finest disciplined troops in the British army, Peters' corps of about one hundred and fifty men, two field pieces and a company of dismounted dra- goons, who were to be mounted on the horses captured at Bennington. Baum set out early in the morning of August 13th. If one is to judge of the armament from the huge sword, ponderous musket and brass helmet now in the Massachusetts Senate chambers, it will appear strange that, in- stead of ueing able to make a quick dash, some of those troops were capable of standing up at all in the muddy forest through which their route lay. It has always been the tradition of the country that every half hour or so the Hessian officers halted their men, found an open glade and then had them ' ' right dress, ' ' to see if they remembered how to be soldiers. The news of Baum's raid spread like wildfire, and runners soon had the whole country aroused. Parson Thomas Allen of Pittsfield started with a detachment of twenty-two men at once and reached Stark on the evening of the 15th in a rain storm. Before daylight the next morning he presented a memorial to the General, in which he said, "We, the people of Berkshire, have frequently been called upon to fight, but have never been led against the enemy. We have resolved, if you do not let us fight, never to turn out again! " "Do you want to fight now?" asked Stark. "No! not just this minute," replied the reverend gentleman. "Then," continued Stark, "if the Lord will give us a little sunshine and I don't give you all the fighting you want, I'll never call on you again." When the news of Baum's advance had been communicated to Stark, he divined the plan at once. A messenger was sent to General Lincoln at Manchester to meet Stark west of Bennington, and the latter at once ad- vanced to the west, checking Baum near Van Schaick's Mill on the Wal- loomscoick, a small branch of the Hoosac river. As the position was not regarded by Stark as advantageous, he retired about two miles. Baum followed, but sent a messenger back to report that he was driving the 20 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY American forces and to ask for reinforcements. Nightfall came, and both sides rested, the British in tents, the Americans mostly on the ground, for they possessed few comforts, as well as very little of the essentials of war. Although he had about eighteen hundred men, Stark had but one rusty gun, no bayonets, and was short in supplies otherwise. During the night Baum threw up some entrenchments. His position was a strong one, situated on a low hill lying within a half circle curve of the river. A bridge crossed the stream at the south. Here he posted some Canadian troops and Tories. The main body was on the hill. In the morning Stark divided his force into three parts. Colonels Stick- ney and Hobart with two hundred men were to attack the Tories east of the river at the bridge. Colonel Herrick with three hundred men was di- rected to cross above the upper bend where Baum could not see them and attack from the north, while Colonel Nichols with two hundred men was to follow and support Herrick. As these men passed through a corn field they pulled off the tassels and put them in their hats. This was to enable them to distinguish friend from foe, for neither the Americans nor Tories had uniforms. While waiting for the fire from Herrick, which was the signal for a general attack, Parson Allen of Pittsfield with other volun- teers was lined up, probably in the woods or on the grass before the Tories. Feeling no doubt that among those enemies of his country were some of his neighbors and parishioners, and moved no doubt by a stern sense of duty, he suddenly leaped upon the trunk of a fallen tree and loudly called upon them to come out from among the enemies of the country or suffer the dire consequences. l ' There 's Parson Allen ! Let 's pop him off ! ' ' was the answer, and a shower of bullets rattled about him; fortunately none of them hit him, and jnmpiug down, with his conscience satisfied probably, he grimly said to his brother Joseph: "Now give me the musket and you load while I fire ! ' ' This meant something, for he was a good shot. And so Parson Allen fired the first shot in the Battle of Bennington. About three in the afternoon, a few minutes after the above incident, a sharp rattle of musketry was heard. Stark ordered the forward movement and the fight began. As he came out of the woods and the entrenchments lined with British soldiers in full view, he uttered his famous remark, 1 ' Soldiers, there are the red-coats ! We must beat them, or else Molly fetark will be a widow tonight ! ' ' With a wild hurrah the Americans rushed up the hill in the face of a sharp fire from the British. Alone they might have been beaten, but the attack came from three sides, and Baum saw that he had been outwitted and would lose the battle. The attack on the Tories was so hot that in a few minutes they broke and fled, leaving many dead and wounded behind. Hemmed in by the Americans, they tried to scale the hill at its steepest point and get behind the entrenchments, but the digging of the earthworks at that point had made it extremely slippery, and as they rushed up, slipping and falling, they were fully exposed to a terrible fire from the forest-trained militia of the Americans. Linus Par- ker, afterward a famous hunter of Pittsfield, says that even had he known that he would be shot dead the next minute, he nearly fell down with laughter to see the figures scrambling up the bluff, and then as one after another they were shot, tumble over and roll down the hill! Bather grew- some fun, but we can hardly blame the patriots for bitter feeling toward the Tories. Seeing that the battle was going against him and knowing that the ^oiericans had no bayonets, Baum ^rdered a charge. His men bravely emerged from their works, but they were met by such a withering fire that they, too, broke and fled, a rabble rout. The Americans wildly shouted, ' ' Charge ! charge ! ' ' and clubbing their muskets chased after them till the miserable remnant surrendered. Baum was mortally wounded during the charge. The victors then scattered to pick up and save whatever of booty SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 21 there was, and while in this totally disorganized condition, Colonel Brey- man arrived with the troops sent out by Burgoyne as reinforcements. It was impossible to recall any large body of men, and it looked for a time as if the fortunes of the day were to be reversed. But fortunately Colonel Warner just then reached the field with fresh troops from Manchester and with the aid of two captured field pieces and what troops fell in behind the new men, Breyman was soon completely routed, and his men abandoned the neid, leaving most of their arms and ammunition, besides two guns brought with them. Had it not been that darkness came on, probably very few would have escaped. As it was, the farmers for several days captured wandering and starving refugees and brought them to Stark as prisoners. A miserable remnant of the force which so proudly marched from Bur- goyne only three days before returned, hungry, wayworn and unarmed, and were taken in by the dismayed and now disheartened British commander. The American loss was about thirty killed and forty wounded, while that of the British was two hundred killed, besides more than seven hundred prisoners, and unknown wounded. Stark captured four brass field pieces, nine hundred muskets, about the same number of dragoon swords, four ammunition wagons and stores, besides a large amount secured by the militia in person, which they carried off as souvenirs. The prisoners were divided into small companies and located in a number of places about the country. Many of them hired out to work in the harvest fields, and of these a large number settled and became good American citizens. A few, it is said, even joined the Continental army and fought against the invaders. The news of the victory rapidly spread and wonderfully revived the drooping spirits of the patriots all over the country. It gave new energy to the aims of the fighters, and finally decided the opinions of many who were uncertain which cause to espouse. In Europe the news was received witn surprise and great satisfaction by the enemies of England. It was an important factor in determining the eventful course of France, and gave new energy to the opposition in Parliament, who denounced Lord North's whole policy with increasing bitterness. The battle is classed by many with Lexington, Bunker Hill, Princeton and Trenton. To Burgoyne it was a stunning blow, for he realized at once the peril of his position. In this battle and the other skirmishes which had taken place, with desertions, for the Indians took alarm at the first sign of defeat and secretly crept away, he had lost about a fifth of his entire force. Without Bennington it is doubtful whether Saratoga would have been fought and gained, and the surrender of Burgoyne which followed might not have occurred. This account can hardly be closed better than with a few lines from a poem, if it can be so dignified, found with the papers of General Stark after his death: Here followeth the direful fate Of Burgoyne and his army great, Who so proudly did display The terrors of despotic sway; His power and pride, and many threats, Have been brought low by fortunate Gates, To bend to the United States. ******** Sick and wounded, bruised and pounded, 528 Ne'er so much before confounded. ******** They lost at Bennington 's great battle 1220 When glorious Stark his arms rattle, Killed in September and October, 600 Taken by brave Brown, some drunk, some sober, 413 22 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY This is a pretty just account Of Burgoyne's legions' whole amount Who came across the northern lakes To desolate our happy States. Their brass cannons we have got all, Fifty-six, both great and small; And ten thousand stand of arms, To prevent all future harms; Stores and implements complete, Of workmanship exceeding neat; Covered wagons in great plenty, And proper harness no way scanty; Amongst our prisoners there are Six generals of fame most rare; Six members of their Parliament, Eeluctantly they seem content; The British lords, and Lord Balcarras, Who came our country free to harass. Two baronets of high extraction Were sorely wounded in the action. Advertiser. * * * * * The old fashioned Fourth of July celebration of 1907 was a great suc- cess. Not for many years has there been, what might be called, such a ' ' congregational celebration ' ' of the day such a congregating of the people for the conscious and set purpose of celebrating the day. If other evidence of this were needed, it would be found in the frequent comparisons of yes- terday's celebration with those of the years in the past. It is many years since any occasion has brought to the Capitol grounds as large a gathering as attended the public literary and musical exercises at ten o'clock yester- day. It has not happened often, if at all, that the Declaration of Inde- pendence has been read in Hawaii in the hearing of as many people as listened to its reading yesterday by Senator John C. Lane. Lincoln's Gettysburg address, with its lofty sentiment and rolling periods had more auditors, as it was read by E. B. McClanahan, than Hawaii has ever fur- nished on one occasion before. The orator of the day, Judge S. B. Kingsbury, could have asked no better gathering, better in numbers or interest, than that which almost filled with a solid mass of patriotic Americans the section of the Capitol grounds sur- rounding the coronation bandstand. The crowds in the evening at the Capitol grounds to see the fireworks amounted almost to a jam. It was a Fourth of July when the patriotic people did not neglect the assembling of inemselves together. It was a people's and a popular celebration. The public celebration of the day centered and culminated in the exer- cises at the Capitol grounds. Many thousand people people of eleven races according to Judge Kingsbury 's oration joined as hearers or par- ticipants in the presentation of most of the classics 01 our national patriot- ism whether in literary or lyric expression. It is not often that one hears, as parts of one program, not only "America" and the " Star Spangled Banner," but "Hail Columbia," the "xted, White and Blue," the "Battle Hymn of the Eepublic," and "Hail to the Flag." Yet these were all parts of yesterday's program rendered by an effective choir accompanied by the band. And in the literature of patriotism there are no more stirring classics than the Declaration of Independence and Lincoln's Gettysburg address. Promptly at ten o'clock, Judge S. B. Dole opened the exercises. He spoke of what the Fourth of July stood for both as the natal day of a nation and a day dedicated to human and civil liberty. "It is," he said, "coming to be one of the world's great holidays." SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 23 Judge Kingsbury's oration dealt much with the relation of Hawaii to the American Union, and he drew from the accounts of past celebrations of the Fourth of July, and from the words spoken at some of these, notably in addresses by Judge Sanford B. Dole, proof of the fitness of the union between these isles of the sea and the strong American nation. His oration was as follows: Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen and Fellow Citizens: This is the day we celebrate we the people of the United States, the strongest, rich- est, and most benevolent nation on earth. All right of any government to exist is because its governed need its government. Government itself, in relation to the object of its rule, has no rights it only has duty duty to govern those whom it has position and power to govern, and who need its government. This is true of every kind and form of government. The parent governs the child because the child needs control, and the parent has the place and the power to best do this. The teacher, for the needs of the pupils, properly establishes school government. God governs the Uni- verse because his creatures need His government. The need of those gov- erned to be governed is the foundation of all good and proper government. Hence all right government is benevolent. No right government is estab- lished for the good of the ruler. The form of our government is found in our Federal Constitution and is best expressed in the words of Abraham Lincoln "A government of the people, by the people, for the people." And because it is for the people, it is benevolent it is right. If our ninety millions of people needed no protection, no government, then the right to govern them would nowhere exist. All civilized nations, of modern times, to a greater or less degree, recognize this truth, but, so far as I know, no nation except ours has made it the foundation stone of its right to exist. One hundred and thirty-one years ago this day our fathers proclaimed us a free and independent nation. This they had right to do, if the people of the then Colonies needed so to be governed, and, if they were able to maintain their place, as an inde- pendent government. War demonstrated the ability of maintenance, and history shows that this then proclaimed government has met and accom- plished the needs of the people. No wonder that the anniversary of that proclamation of independence brings glorious and joyous celebrations to the millions of the people of the United States. A baby is born who, it is expected, will claim to rule Spain, by Divine right, and that nation celebrates the event, and will do so while he lives. But on July 4, 1776, a government was born to the people, for the people to rule only because and when the needs of the people demanded. The conception was Divine, and the issue stood on the foundation of God's benevolence and of God's constitution of government. Different forms of government are severally best for different people and for different ages. That form is best for a people which best meets the needs of the governed. Ours is, in form, a republic. Ours is, by the people themselves. Ours is self-government, and this is the highest moral conception of restraint and of direction. Theoretically it is perfect, but practically it will only be good when the people are both wise and good. Education and regard for the moral precepts of religion are absolutely necessary to the beneficent exist- ence of a republic. Give to ignorance an oligarchy, give to baseness an au- tocrat their needs demand such rulers, but the enlightened and the con- scientious can govern themselves. Fortunately the people of the United States have had such preponderance of knowledge and such sense of justice that, so far, our form of government has been as beneficent as benevolent. We have, as a nation, reached a point where we fear no governmental power, either^ foreign or domestic. Our independence was established by our grandfathers, our national unity by our fathers. We have peace and power. But the form of our government, and its provisions to safeguard 24 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY our personal liberties Have allowed to be laid and hatched scorpion eggs of discord and danger. The worst men of Europe, too wicked and too in- subordinate to deserve to live even under a kingly rule, and who need a tyrant hand, flock to our shores, and under the protection of our benevo- lence cry out against all government, and, trampling under foot the rights of others, sow seeds of dissatisfaction and of dishonesty in the soil of ig- norance and envy. They are the people who come to us stuffed full of rignts, but who never tasted of duties. The modern demagogue helps them, in order to help himself to official position. You can always tell the dema- gogue he talks of his constituents, of their rights, not of duties. Like Tittlebat Titmouse, the demagogue promises every man everything in order to get support for office. Too often such men are elected, but in the main good men are elected to office, and we may rejoice in the truth of Lincoln's saying, ' ' You may fool all the people some of the time, and some of the people all of the time, but you can not fool all the people all the time." All danger to our country is internal. The only real safeguard is patriot- ism. As long as we, as a people, appreciate and love our country as she deserves, it is safe. The basis of our appreciation is knowledge, and the basis of love of country is true benevolence, which is a regard for the good of sentient being. There is a duty we owe to all the sentient universe, and to every sentient being. To each and every person capable of pain and pleasure, whatever his nationality or race. But the moral law and the obligation to do good to others is like gravity in the material world it is in direct ratio to size, or moral worth, and in indirect ratio to distance. Our country is of ines- timable worth by its independence, its freedom, its justice, its institutions, its laws, and by its liberty-loving justice regarding people; its history and its heroes, its flag and all it symbolizes, its schools, churches, forests, moun- tains, lakes and rivers, its climate and its soil, its all its motherhood of us. So much for its mass of moral worth. It is also nearest to us, and so it is our supreme obligation as a people. Our duty is where our power is, and that is mostly at home. And of this country are now the beautiful evergreen gems of the ocean, these Islands as much a part of our great nation as is the spot of earth where was first read the Declaration of Independence. Small they are, but yet they are the most beautiful gems in the crown of our Columbia. Beauty of climate, beauty of elevation, beauty of verdure, beauty of outline, beauty O-L history, and beauty of character. And how wonderfully attractive is the history of Hawaii. Starting at the date of our natal day as a nation, when lived the great warrior and statesman whose heroic statue now stands before our palace of justice, with hand extended toward us, as if in invi- tation and benediction, and coming down through the different stages of progress, of improvement, of various and diversified changes in govern- ment, and governmental, social and religious institutions to the present day, where is history more interesting or more beautiful? Improvement has been the aim and result advancement continuous. And why? Largely because the kind-hearted people of these Islands naturally turned to and loved the good; they were anxious to learn, and took to education with a zeal and capacity never before seen in any race of nature people, until nearly all were able to read and write, until there was a smaller percentage of illiteracy among those of Hawaiian birth and blood than among any other people on earth. And this love of letters has continued, and today most of them read, write and speak two languages the Hawaiian and the English. I believe that a greater per cent, of the people of this Territory read and speak more than one language than of any other governmental division. English and American literature filled with sentiments of liberty, respect for law, and love of justice became the thought and life of Hawaii, until it was natural that it unite with either the constitutional kingly gov- SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 25 eminent of Great Britain or with the constitutional republic of America. This latter has been brought about not by conquest or by revolution, or by any governmental exercise of power or statecraft, but by growth and de- velopment here along lines of least resistance, easy, natural, unresisted, and where the head and the hand followed the heart. As early as 1794, Kamehameha I. felt this inclination, and ceded these Islands to England, with certain reservations. England did not accept, and did not appreciate the greatness of the gift. Later, certain British officers, with more acquiescence than resistance on the part of this people, raised England's flag and proclaimed English rule an act repudiated by the justice-regarding English government. Ever since these Islands were one independent government, an independence first recognized by the United States, there has been growing in the hearts and minds of Hawaiians, Eng- lish thought and English love, until the people became what the American Colonies were when the Declaration of Independence was made essentially one in thought and feeling with the great mass of the liberty-loving, jus- tice-respecting Anglo-Saxon race. Location, communication, and, most of all, teaching and preaching by New Englanders, brought the English-born American Eepublic nearest to the hearts of Hawaiians. When suggested that we today have an old-fashioned Fourth of July celebration, I saw many faces of born and blood Hawaiians beam with joyful acquiescence. But, to my astonishment, I found they meant by ' 'old- fashioned," not the celebration of the days of my boyhood on the main- land, but celebrations of the Fourth, in their boyhood on this island, and during the reign of Hawaiian kings. By examining old newspapers as far back as 1860, and since, I found the accounts of such celebrations for almost every Fourth not by a few men and foreigners, but as a general holiday, when most business houses closed up by choice, and I found the program of such celebrations were often exactly like our program for today. There was no disloyalty, no envy, no jealousy, no fear felt, on these occasions, but only an expression of love, respect and admiration for our, now, common country. In 1867 such a celebration of the Fourth, with such program as we have here today, was held in Honolulu. The orator of the day said : ' ' These Islands, which lie glittering in perpetual verdure in the midst of the Pacific Ocean, are the half-way houses on the highway to the East; they will always share the commercial prosperity and national progress of the United States." To Americans present, he said: "Cling to your nationality always. Have faith in American institutions and American destiny, and oelieve yourselves, and teach your children to be- lieve, that if you never forget your country, your country will never forget you. ' ' And he quoted from an English newspaper as follows : ' ' Continents will be populated, cities created, and half the world civilized by the grow- ing influence of the United States on the Pacific." On July 2, 1881, a paper here published a list of names of all the prin- cipal business houses in Honolulu, which voluntarily pledged to close up business on the Fourth; and contained this in its editorial "All the world of Honolulu is invited to listen to the Declaration of Independence, an oration by our esteemed fellow citizen, Sanford B. Dole, a poem by Mr. M. V. Thompson, and a variety of music by the always welcome Eoyal band." On July 9th, 1881, the paper contained a long news article about the celebration of the Fourth, in which we see that Dr. McGrew presided over the literary exercises, Mr. Miller read the Declaration, Mr. Handon sang the ' ' Star Spangled Banner " so as to merit applause, after which Mr. S. B. Dole delivered an eloquent oration. We quote from Mr. Dole's speech as follows: "But if her internal policy is not yet settled, the United States has set an example to the world in her external policy. Her acquisitions of territory, even when some of them might have been claimed 26 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY by results of conquest, were made by purchase, and some of the greatest disputes that have exercised the diplomacy of great powers have been settled by arbitration; so that it is found that at the end of a century of growth, instead of being still a learner, she is a teacher of nations in the science of government. ' ' After the oration ' l Eally Eound the Flag ' ' was sung by Mr. W. W. Hall. Mr. Peter Cushman Jones followed with appropriate remarks. ' ' He believed in being patriotic on this day above all others. America was first to encourage Hawaiian independence. She has given them a treaty which poured wealth into the land. It was her policy to keep these Islands in- dependent so long as self-government could be maintained. And closed with these words: "May the Fourth of July never be less enthusiastically commemorated on these Islands of the Pacific." Advertiser. # # # # * "The Glorious Fourth" (1908) dawned in a very quiet manner, but went out last night in a blaze of glory. There was a large gathering in the morning in the grounds of the Capitol, where patriotic exercises, under the auspices of the Sons of the American Eevolution, were held. Dr. C. B. Cooper, vice-president, officiated. A feature of these exercises was a fervid appeal to the patriotism of the audience to oppose the attempt to secure the suspension of the coastwise shipping laws as applied to the Islands. This attempt, Mr. Jones, the orator of the day, denounced as un-American and unpatriotic, something done in the interests of the Japanese as op- posed to Americans. Miss Alice Spalding read the Declaration of Independence, her manner being charming and her reading exceptionally good and distinct. She was presented with a large bouquet of roses at the conclusion of her reading, the presentation causing a second round of applause for the patriotic maiden. Master Aki, a student of the Eoyal School, read an essay on ( ' The American Flag, ' ' showing a considerable amount of historical research. The essay, in full, was: THE AMERICAN FLAG. Stand by the flag, all doubt and treason scorning, Believe with courage firm and faith sublime That it will float until the eternal morning Pales in its glories all the lights of time. John N. Wilder. It is the youngest of the world 's great nations over which the oldest established flag floats. And even so, the American Flag is a growth rather than a creation. Previous to the Stars and Stripes of the present, sixty- four designs, dating from 1494, had their use in Colonial days. Probably the first seed of our Star Spangled Banner was sown when, late in the year 1774, Captain Markoe of the Philadelphia Light Horse Troops, introduced a flag with a canton of thirteen stripes. A year later, Dr. Franklin, with Messrs. Lynch and Harrison, was appointed to consider the subject of a national flag. The result was a design similar to the Hawaiian flag. The King's Colors, or Union Jack, represented the sovereignty of England, and the field of stripes, alternate red and white, represented the thirteen colo- nies. The British Jack, distinctive as being the first colonial national flag, was hoisted for the first time over the camp at Cambridge, Mass., on Jan- uary 2, 1776, and was discarded when Independence was determined on. At the beginning of the Eevolution no particular flag was adopted by the Americans. Various designs designated their different troops and still an- other flag was used by their navy. The first national flag after the Decla- ration of Independence had a field of red and white stripes and a blue square, crossed with red and white. In this flag, by the addition of the azure hue, we note the completion of the colors destined to remain. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 27 In the year 1777 a congressional committee accompanied by General Washington called upon Mrs. John Boss of Philadelphia and engaged her to make a model flag from a rough drawing, which General Washington modified in pencil by substituting a five-pointed instead of a six-pointed star shown in the original draft. For many years after, Betsy Boss, as she was familiarly called, continued to make the American Ensign, and today her quaint two-storied house at 239 Arch street, Philadelphia, is open to all who wish to visit the birthplace of the American Flag, for Congress, on the 14th day of June, 1777 a date now recognized as Flag Day adopted this basis of the existing national flag. It consisted of thirteen stripes, seven red and six white, and thirteen stars arranged in a circle on a sky- blue field. In number, both stars and stripes were emblematic of the thir- teen independent States of the Union. The stars are supposed to have been suggested by the Chief of the Washington Arms as still shown on the monu- ments at Brighton in Northamptonshire, England. This new constellation was destined to be ever looked up to with the same faith that we give to the starry sentinels of night. Like stars of heaven, our flag stars have never failed us. In both we read courage, equality to all, purity, unity and perpetuity. Just as the world has ever welcomed the flag which "has never been trailed in the dust by foreign or domestic foe. Wherever it has floated to the breeze, in every sea and upon every land, it has been welcomed by all people of all nations as the inspiration to humanity, to society, to the attainment of equal rights." Surely it must have encouraged the early soldiers of America, as they followed their banner, to know that the an- cestors of Washington also had triumphantly borne starry ensigns across many a oattlefield in the far-off days of chivalry. The American flag was first raised over Fort Stanwix now the city of Borne, N. Y. on August 2, 1777. The following month it was introduced on the battlefield of Brandywine. Capt. Paul Jones was there to display it on shipboard as he sailed on the Schuylkill, after which it was hoisted on all American warships. Captain Jones was also the first to carry the flag across the ocean and to a foreign country, when, late in the year 1778, his ship, The Banger, arrived at France. Soon after The Banger 's arrival other foreign warships cast anchor at the same French port, consequently saluting America's flag and recognizing America as a sister nation for the first time. Ten years later, the flag was carried around the world by the ship Columbia, which spent three years in circling the globe. When the second war against England was fought, two more States had been added to the Union and, in consequence, two more stars and two more stripes to the flag. During this war Francis Scott Key wrote our national air entitled "The Star Spangled Banner," describing the scenes which he had actually seen. This vivid description proves the great influence of the flag on the battlefield and tells us how America's sons have willingly risked all else in order to keep afloat the Star Spangled Banner. Everywhere, to an American ear, this air ex- horts the best emotion that is in mankind patriotism! What true citizen of America would not add his life to the long list of braves who willingly sacrificed a part of life's "little while" in order that their country might live forever? This song also recalls the fact that the flag is the only monument of many gallant men swept from battlefields and closed over by blue seas sleeping in unknown graves. As more States claimed admittance to the Union, the flag was in danger of becoming out of proportion should the plan of extra stripes be continued. Thus Congress appointed a committee to revise the flag suitably. Captain S. A. Beid of the U. S. Navy was a member of this committee, and to him is due the credit of the legislative act in March, 1818, causing the restora- tion of the thirteen original stripes in honor of the thirteen colonies who established Independence and Freedom. A star was to represent each State on the field of blue, and one to be added for each new State on the Fourth 28 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY of July following its admission. This act took effect on July 4, 1818. Thus the anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence is also the anniversary of the established flag of our country. The first flag of this design was made in New York City by the wife of Captain Reid, as- sisted by several young ladies, and was raised over the Capital of the United States on April 13, 1818. Since 1866 all government flags are made exclusively from American bunting, manufactured in America from Amer- ican labor and produce. The width of the flag is two-thirds its length ; seven of the horizontal stripes, beginning with the outermost, are red; the six alternate stripes are white. The Union, or field of blue, contains the white stars in parallel lines and is one-third of the flag's length, extending to the bottom of the fourth red stripe. In the different departments of the Navy and the Army regulated sizes of flags are used. Forty-eight stars are now entitled to a place on the flag. The color red represents the blood which patriots are ready to shed; white stands for the purity of their cause, and blue denotes loyalty and the favor of heaven. During the Civil War, the northern soldiers affectionately called the flag ''Old Glory" a name that has clung to it ever since. The American flag has crossed all seas and visited every land; it now flies over the U. S. Consulate in many foreign countries, thus protecting America 's children abroad as well as at home. Officially it now floats over the icefields of Alaska, over the sunny isle of Cuba and over the Philippines in the Far East. One of the prettiest sights in the tropics is in Manila, when, after the sunset band concert on the old Spanish Plaza is ended by the national anthem of America, the evening gun echoes along the shore and the white-clad audience salute the flag and it is lowered at retreat. At sea the most peaceful ceremony is on American warships, when the flag is raised at reveille, lowered at retreat, and gracefully dips a respectful recognition in passing another vessel. Probably the first visit of the flag to the Hawaiian Islands was late in 1789, when the American ship "Eleanor" and a little schooner called the ' ' Fair American, ' ' commanded by Capt. Metcalf and his son, came here. On August 12, 1898, the flag came to stay and was officially raised over our beloved Hawaii nei. Here, in America's baby territory, situated between the oldest part of the old world and the newest part of the new world, the flag is saluted by the children of many lands and races. Nowhere else are the free public schools which America provides for all her youth better appreciated. Here, of all races and color, alike receiving the great gift of education and the English language, they enjoy equal rights, liberty and freedom. Recently school government has been introduced, and through it the young citizens early comprehend citizenship its duties and privileges. When school days are over, the students will be ready to take their places in the world intelligent and loyal citizens of America. Hawaii is a land of music, and the strong voices of the Hawaiian public school children grandly rendering ' ' The Star Spangled Banner ' ' never fail to reach and thrill the heart of the listener. To Col. G. T. Balch, a retired U. S. Army officer, is due the credit of having introduced, in 1891, the salutation of the flag in the public schools of America. Thus, thankful for the blessings of Freedom, ere passing to classrooms each school day, a host of citfzens-to-be respectfully salute their flag and, as the Stars and Stripes proudly unfurl in the morning breeze, in many climes, lovingly, reverently, earnestly repeat "We give our heads and our hearts to God and our country! One country, one language, one flag!" Hon. P. C. Jones, the orator of the day, delivered a stirring address, the title of which was "Our Forefathers," which he brought to a conclusion by some extemporaneous remarks on the local steamship situation, explain- SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 29 ing that this was a national question and not out of place at a Fourth of July gathering. Mr. Jones said: If any people on the face of this earth have cause to honor and respect their ancestors, the Sons of the American Eevolution can boast of theirs, for to them they are indebted for the peace, prosperity, happiness and liberty they now enjoy. Those grand, plain and honest men gave their time, their property, their talents, and in many cases, their lives, to throw off the British yoke, to give to their descendants the precious boon of Freedom, making our country a free nation, which today is the most pros- perous, richest, the most powerful and influential of all the nations of the earth. Many of our forefathers were trained in a school that prepared them for the great struggle of 1775, and for seven long years resisted the force of Great Britain. A hundred and fifty years before this period many of the ancestors of the men of 1775 were driven out of England because of religious persecution, and settled on that stern and rock-bound coast of New England, in a wilderness where even in that desolate region they were oppressed by laws that, annoyed by constant changes and cancellation of their charters, suffering great hardships and privations thereby, to say nothing of their constant struggles with hostile Indians. Then, again, about forty years later (1663), among other oppressive measures introduced by Great Britain, were laws passed by Parliament to discourage American shipping. In that year an act was passed which proclaimed that no com- modity of the growth, production or manufacture of Europe shall be im- ported into the British plantations, but such as are laden on board in Eng- land, and in English-built ships, of which the master and three-fourths of the crew are English. This was aimed particularly at the Americans, to prevent them from importing goods from England in American-built vessels, placing also heavy duties on many articles imported from other countries except Great Britain, "which aroused the indignation of the American colonists, and sowed seeds of future rebellion. ' ' These pilgrims and Puritans and others by reason of the oppression of the home government, had no love for the mother country. They trained up their children, and these, their children for several generations, instilling in them a love for their adopted country, and not only taught them to live the ' ' simple life ' ' but instructed them in living lives of frugality and to en- dure hardships and privations, so when the laws became more and more oppressive, and they were taxed without representation, the men of 1775 liberty loving, all of them no longer submitted, but unitedly demanded that taxes, as well as obnoxious standing armies, be removed. When the news of Concord and Lexington spread like wildfire through New England and the other colonies, how they flocked in to the support of their com- rades! These untrained men left the plow, the forge, the bench, the office, shouldered their muskets and marched against the most powerful nation of the world. Putnam from Connecticut, Stark from New Hampshire, the " Green Mountain Boys" from Vermont, and many others from other parts, traveling over roads almost impassable, ready to share all the suffer- ings and hardships of their countrymen. Those who survived Bunker Hill, the spot where British tyranny ended and American liberty began, with many others from all parts of the colo- nies, buckled on their armor for the war. They were poorly paid and fed, wretchedly clothed, often suffering from cold or heat, added to which was that terrible winter at Valley Forge, where they were only kept to- gether by the spirit of the immortal Washington, these forefathers marched bravely on through all the battles, suffering untold privations and hard- ships, until Yorktown gave them victory and made them free. The American sailor played a very important part in the American Revo- lution. While the Americans had no navy to speak of at the beginning of the war, they fitted out many privateers and performed wonders in destroy- 30 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY ing British ships, causing a loss of more than five hundred and fifty vessels and more than two million two hundred thousand pounds sterling. There were no better sailors than the American, who knew not only to ' i reef, hand and steer," but were familiar with handling guns and small arms. In the year 1777 the men employed in privateering almost equaled the Continental Army under the command of Washington. These men did a noble service upon the ocean. Many of them when captured were impressed into British service, while many others suffered great privations and lingered and died in British prisons. The American people owe a debt of gratitude to the sailors and owners of private vessels of the Eevolution. Paul Jones was the naval hero of this war, but there were others as brave as Jones whose names were never recorded on the pages of history. ' ' The men behind the guns ' ' were not the only ones who stood for liberty. There were others who, by voice and pen, gave encouragement to those in the field and afloat, and such men as Patrick Henry, John Adams, Ben Franklin, Samuel Adams, James Otis and hundreds of other educated men, did a grand and noble work at home and abroad for the cause of Freedom. And last but not least of this noble band of patriots were the women of the Eevolution, many of whom were even more patriotic, if such a thing was possible, than the men. They took with their own hands the flintlock muskets and the powder horns from over the chimney place and put them into the hands of husbands, sons, brothers and lovers and sent them forth with their blessing to fight for their country. These women tilled the land, cared for the wounded and the dying, denied themselves the necessary things of life, especially tea, of which tney were very fond. They cared for the young children at home, and told them of the noble deeds of their fathers, and offered up earnest prayers to their God for the success of the cause, and in many other ways, often at the risk of their lives, did noble service. All honor to the memory of these wives, mothers, sisters and sweethearts (our grandmothers) of the fore- fathers of the Ke volution (Spartan women all) for their loving service to their country in its years of great need. Truly may we of this twentieth century be proud and very grateful for our forefathers, and may we thank God that our lot is cast in such pleasant places, and that we have such a goodly heritage. Following this address, Mr. Jones asked permission to add a few more words on a matter which, being of national importance, was proper matter to refer to at a Fourth of July meeting. This was in reference to the at- tempt made at the last session of Congress to suspend the shipping laws to enable American passengers to travel to and from Hawaii and the main- land in other than American ships. ' ' I have never believed in that suspen- sion/ 7 said the speaker. "It is un-American, it is wrong to ask Congress to remove this restriction in favor of American shipping. I know that many do not agree with me. Our Governor and two of our ex-Governors have ex- pressed themselves in favor of it, and our Delegate to Congress made a valuable speech in favor of the suspension before Congress, but as Amer- cans we should stick to American bottoms no matter what comes. The very first act passed by the first Congress of the United States, on July 4, 1789, one hundred and nineteen years ago this very day, was in favor of pro- tecting the American merchant marine by allowing a discount of ten per cent, of the duties upon imports brought in ships built and owned by Americans. Previous to this act, American vessels carried only seventeen and one-half per cent, of our imports and thirty per cent, of our exports, but in 1790, by reason of this law, American vessels carried forty-one per cent, of the imports, and by 1794 the foreign vessels were almost com- pletely driven out of the American trade, ninety-one per cent, of the im- ports and seventy-six per cent, of the exports being carried in American bottoms. In 1810 the total tonnage of the American deep-sea merchant marine was 984,296, and this was 164,000 tons more than the American. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 31 deep-sea fleet in 1900. This is the reason why we should set our faces sternly against any movement to cease the protection of American ships and not to take it off in favor of the Japanese or any other ships. ' ' Advertiser. * * * * * Patriotism reigned in the great auditorium of Central Union Church last evening (July 4, 1909), both in song^and oratory, the occasion being a celebration of the nation's birthday, with Governor Walter F. Frear pre- siding over the services, and Dr. Thomas Green, the eminent lecturer and orator of Chicago, as the principal speaker. The address of Doctor Green was not only a masterly epic but his large audience was held spellbound by the art of his enunciation, his beautiful word-painting, his clear narrative of the formation of the great American Republic and tne Stars and Stripes, and the influence the American nation has played in the affairs of the world. Doctor Green spoke for more than an hour, the rapt attention of the audience never lacking, the keenest interest being manifested in every sentence that no word be lost. Doctor Green is undoubtedly one of the greatest public speakers who have ever appeared before a Honolulu audi- ence, and his oration at today's patriotic celebration in the Opera House will no doubt be another magnificent effort. Upon the platform with the Governor were Dr. Green, Dr. Doremus Scud- der, President Griffiths of Oahu College, President Home of Kamehameha Schools, and Prof. W. A. Bryan. Music was furnished by a special quar- tette, and the solo of Mrs. Mackall was beautifully rendered. Governor Frear in introducing Dr. Green spoke of the separation of the colonies from the mother country and the establishment of the Eepublic, when and since, although church and state were forever separated, religion and patriotism had gone hand in hand. This was more so today than ever before. Here in Hawaii in a marked degree it was the missionary father and mother who instilled patriotism into the youth of the country and enabled Hawaii to be saved to itself and finally to become a part of the great Eepublic. To follow Dr. Green through the magnificent address he made in any re- port would be to lose the force of his enunciation and the fire and energy and patriotism which he instilled into every line. He went back into the history of the colonies and the events leading up to the separation of the colonies from Great Britain, the stand of the minute-men at Lexington and Concord, Paul Eevere's ride, the sufferings of the army at Valley Forge, the indomitable courage of the Continental soldier, the making of the flag by Betsy .Eoss, and the patriotic utterances of the great men of the time Jefferson, Adams and others. He went back to the days of Eunnymede, when the first liberties were wrested from the people, and back again to the struggles of the colonies and their victory. He spoke of the battles of the various wars, and then spoke particularly of the origin of the Eed, White and Blue and the significance of the three colors. The red signified the glory achieved by the blood of those who had fought for it, and his word-painting here was beautiful. The white signified the stainless glory of the Eepublic, and the blue was God's promise of truth. He spoke of witnessing a few nights ago a sunset when the western Hawaiian sky was filled with fluffy clouds, when the sun was sinking upon a bed of clouds, and finally as it sank to sleep the white was shot with streaks of red, making streamers of the white clouds, and beyond appearing upon the blue of heaven a star shone typical, said Dr. Green, of the beauty and majesty of the Stars and Stripes, showing that it was God's flag which waved over the great Eepublic. It was a flag, he said, which was not crossed and criss- crossed with a maze of heraldic designs. These marked a personal aggrand- izement of princes, whose victories caused them to emblazon upon their standards the heraldic devices of the fallen. The Eed, White and Blue had no such origin or meaning. 32 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY As to Betsy Boss, Dr. Green said that from Boston came the story that Betsy Eoss was only a dressmaker, that she never had a conference with George Washington, and that she never designed the flag; but he told a pretty story of a little flag which had been made for him and presented to him by the granddaughter of Betsy Eoss. She had told him the story which she had learned when a child sitting at her grandmother's knee. Betsy Eoss told her with her own lips how George Washington came to her, how they talked of a flag and a five-pointed star; how she "snipped" the five-pointed star and placed it against the blue of her skirt. That was the true story, and he was glad to tell it to a Honolulu audience, the story he had heard from the lips of the granddaughter of the maker of the flag, the story which the maker had told her. In New England also they had said that Paul Eevere never made that historic ride. But it was as true as that Betsy Eoss made the flag. Advertiser. At a joint meeting of the Sons of the American Ee volution and the Aloha Chapter of the Daughters of the American Eevolution at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Perley L. Home, November 17, 1911, President A. F. Griffiths of Oahu College read a paper on "Canada and the Colonies," a brief abstract of which is appended: "In considering the causes which led up to the American Eevolution by wnich the Colonies gained their independence from Great Britain, interest is aroused in the reasons why Canada did not join with the Colonies. "In spite of the superficial sameness of interest, some real differences appear on closer study. Canada's status as a British colony, as defined by the Proclamation of 1763, was fairly acceptable. The people of Canada lived practically in a state of feudalism which almost precluded united action. Of the seventy thousand inhabitants, all but about four hundred and fifty were Catholics, who naturally had little in common with the somewhat virulent type of New England Puritan. ' ' Britain 's policy of governing Canada was conciliatory. In the Quebec Act, she extended the Canadian boundaries, removed restrictions from the Eoman Catholic church, and established the French court procedure in civil cases, thus practically removing all grievances. She was most for- tunate in her governors, for Murray and later Carleton showed rare force and discretion. "The Continental Congress sent successively two sets of Commissioners to try to induce the Canadians to join forces with the Colonies, but their arguments fell on unheeding ears. "The attempts of Montgomery and of Arnold to capture Canada by military invasions were also unsuccessful owing to the defenders ' natural strategic advantage in winter and to the resourceful and intrepid Carleton. The invasions were more than unsuccessful from a military standpoint, for they created a feeling of doubt and suspicion against the Colonies through the want of respect which the soldiers showed toward the Catholic church and clergy and through the payment of their commissary bills with worth- less continental currency and illegal certificates. ' ' A summary of the reasons why Canada held aloof shows that they did not feel that they were oppressed, that they enjoyed freedom of press and religion, and that, if they did not look upon Great Britain as their mother country, they loved the Colonies less. They felt that CJanada united to the Colonies would be submerged and that as French Catholics they could not become subject to New England Protestanism. The colonial in- consistency in inviting Canada to join in the Eevolution and in promising full benefits in the event of success, and at the same time in protesting against the Quebec Act, which favored Canada, was also not lost upon the Canadians. Finally, Canada saw disadvantages in having a neighbor and rival for a ruler." SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 33 THE SOCIETY'S INFLUENCE IN SECUEING ANNEXATION. At the suggestion of Compatriot Lorrin A. Thurston, an address to the members of the National Society in the United States, advocating the an- nexation of the Eepublic of Hawaii, was drawn up by the Registrar, and adopted by the Hawaiian Society on May 22, 1897. The address had the endorsement of the local organizations of the Grand Army of the Eepublic and the Sons of Veterans, and had a marked effect in bringing about the desired annexation. Fifty thousand copies of the address were distributed in the United States. The text was as follows: To the Members of the Society of the Sons of the American Revolution Residing in the United States of America: COMPATRIOTS: We, members of this first chapter of the S. A. E. estab- lished in a foreign land, send fraternal greeting to our compatriots in the mother country. Occupying this advanced post of American civilization in the Pacific Ocean, we think it proper for us as patriotic Americans and lovers of liberty, in the present critical state of affairs, while avoiding all partisan consider- ations, to lay before you a statement of certain facts which intimately con- cern the honor and the future prosperity of our common country, and the maintenance of American principles and institutions here. These islands furnish a signal example of the pervading and transforming power of those principles which it is the object of our Society "to maintain and extend. ' ' Americans may well be proud of what a little colony of their countrymen has achieved for civilization in these islands, encouraged and aided, as it has been, by the policy of the United States for more than half a century. And now that this American civilization, built up under the fos- tering care of the mother country, is in imminent peril, it is time that the true state of affairs should be understood by all loyal Americans. HAWAII THE MEETING PLACE OF AMERICAN AND ASIATIC CIVILIZATION. These islands are the meeting place of the East and the West, of the American and the Asiatic forms of civilization, and a few years will wit- ness the triumph of one or the other. Few of our countrymen are aware of the rapid changes taking place in the condition of the Pacific Ocean. Aus- tralia is becoming a mighty commonwealth; Japan is pushing her way to the front as a naval and commercial power; China is beginning to awake out of her long sleep; while Eussia only waits the near completion of the trans-Siberian railroad to compete for the control of this ocean. THE PROPHECY OF WM. H. SEWARD. The prophecy uttered thirty years ago by Wm. H. Seward bids fair to be fulfilled, viz : ' ' The Pacific Ocean, its shores, its islands, and the vast regions beyond, will become the chief theater of events in the world's great hereafter. ' ' HAWAII WITHIN THE SPHERE OF THE MONROE DOCTRINE. The position of these islands shows that their relations are naturally with the American Continent. For that reason they properly fall within the sphere of the Monroe Doctrine, and it is certainly for the interest of their people that they should be kept aloof from the politics of the Old World, it has been remarked that San Francisco, Honolulu, and Unalaska form an equilateral triangle. The relation of these islands to the Pacific coast of America is very similar to that of the Bermuda Islands to the Atlantic coast. HAWAII'S STRATEGIC POSITION. Admiral Belknap and Captain Mahan have ably explained the unique strategic position of Hawaii, forming as it does ''the center of a vast circle 34 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY whose radius is approximately the distance from Honolulu to San Fran- cisco, which is substantially the same distance as from Honolulu to the Gilbert, Marshall, Samoan and Society Islands, all under European control except Samoa, in which we have a part influence." * * * "Shut out from the Hawaiian Islands as a coaling base, ' ' continues Captain Mahan, "an enemy is thrown back for supplies of fuel to distances of 3,500 or 4,000 miles or between 7,000 and 8,000 miles going and coming, an im- pediment to sustained maritime operations well-nigh prohibitive. " " It is rareiy that so important a factor in the attack or defence of a coast line of a sea frontier is concentrated in a single position, and this circumstance renders it doubly imperative upon us to secure it if we righteously can." THE "CROSS-ROADS OF THE PACIFIC." The commercial position of the islands is not less unique and important, standing as they do at the * ' Cross-roads of the Pacific, ' ' at the intersection of the steamship lines from Australia to San Francisco and to Vancouver, and from San Francisco to Japan and China. The opening of the Nicaragua Canal and the completion of the Siberian railroad will add immensely to the importance of these islands as a coaling station and a distributive point for commerce. Nor can they be passed by in any scheme for laying tele- graph cables across the Pacific. Aside from their position on the globe, the Hawaiian Islands have a claim on your consideration, both for what they are and for what Americans have made of them. They comprise an area of nearly 7,000 square miles, or four million acres, the greater part of which, however, is occupied by rugged mountains or tracts of lava. The climate is subtropical, being modified by the trade winds, the ocean currents from the Bering Sea, and the lofty mountains, on some of which snow falls every winter. It is better suited for white labor than that of a large part of the southern belt of the United States. It may safely be said that the islands have undeveloped resources capable of supporting with ease five times their present population. AMERICANS HAVE MADE HAWAII WHAT IT IS. This is not the place to give even a sketch of the history of this country. It is well known that the Christian civilization of these islands is mainly due to the philanthropic labors of American citizens who saved the native race from the rapid extinction which threatened them, secured for the down- trodden serfs their lands and civil rights unknown before, preserved the in- dependence of their country, and assisted them in organizing and carrying on a constitutional government. It is mainly due to American influences that life and property are as secure here as in any spot on the globe, that justice is administered in accordance with the common law, that there is gratuitous compulsory education in the English language for all, that crimes of violence are rare, and houses generally left unlocked, while tramps and professional beggars are unknown. EX-SECRETARY FOSTER'S VIEWS. As Hon. John W. Foster testifies of Honolulu: "In scarcely any other city of the world can be found a community more fully imbued with the spirit of enterprise, education, and intellectual culture." PROPERTY OWNED AND BUSINESS CONTROLLED BY AMERICANS. Of the capital invested in the islands, two-thirds is owned by Americans. It is chiefly owing to American energy and enterprise that a population of about one hundred thousand souls exported productions valued at more than fifteen million dollars, and imported over seven million dollars' worth last year. Of this trade ninety-two per cent, was with the United States, and eighty-two and one-half per cent, of it carried on under the American flag. Nothing like this is true of any other foreign country in the world. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 35 More than a third of all the American merchant ships engaged in foreign trade are employed in the commerce of this lilliputian republic. CAUSES OF THE OVERTHROW OP THE MONARCHY. This is not the place, nor is it necessary, to vindicate the Eevolution of 1893. The underlying causes of it were similar to those of the American Eevolution. It may truly be said that it was the same element that had procured for the Hawaiian people their lands and their civil rights, that had saved their independence, and had borne with the Hawaiian monarchy long after it had become a demoralizing sham, and that at last was forced in self-defence to put an end to it. The revolution was not the work of filibusters and adventurers, but of the most conservative and law-abiding citizens, of the principal taxpayers, the leadeers of industrial enterprises, who had endured the rule of carpet- baggers and palace parasites until "forbearance ceased to be a virtue." THE RECORD OF THE REPUBLIC. The record of the present republican government, which has administered the affairs of this country for four years, and which, according to Hon. John W. Foster, "has been distinguished by great ability, careful attention to the interest of the people, and by thorough integrity," fully justifies the character and motives of those who founded it. But this government does not regard itself as permanent, for by its constitution it declares its purpose to go out of existence as soon as the United States shall consent to admit these islands into the Union. It has already been shown that there is a vigorous American colony in the islands, and that there is ample wealth and intelligence here to carry on and to pay all the expenses of a territorial government under the broad aegis of the Union. HAWAII HAS ARRIVED AT A TURNING-POINT. It may be said: "Why not continue as you are for an indefinite period? " We reply that we have arrived at a turning-point where things will not long remain as they are. The irrepressible contest between Asiatic and American civilizations is becoming more intense and will not be decided in favor of America except by annexation. An active movement has been on foot here for some time to abolish the system of contract labor, and to seek white workers from the United States, under a system of profit-sharing which is already in operation on some of our plantations, and has been successfully tried in Queensland. Special efforts have also been made by this government, with a gratifying degree of success, to attract industrious farmers from the United States to develop our coffee lands. But in our overtures for a closer union with the mother country are spurned, if our products are discriminated against in American markets, and we are treated as aliens, it is certain that neither of these undertakings can succeed. The uncertainty that will hang over the fate of this country will deter the most desirable class of settlers from coming here. JAPAN'S PEACEFUL INVASION. On the other hand, Japan is quietly pouring in her people for the pur- pose of making a peaceful conquest of the Islands, which is a perfectly legitimate ambition. We can restrict or exclude Chinese immigration, for we have no treaty with China. But, unfortunately, our treaty made with Japan in 1871 contains the ' ' favored nation ' ' clause, and under its provis- ions we cannot prevent her people from coming as free immigrants. Five immigration companies are at work, with their agents in Japan, who resort to every artifice to drum up recruits and to evade our immigration laws. The recent enforcement of a law intended to exclude paupers has led to a serious controversy between the two governments. The native press of 36 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Japan, and many of her people residing here, plainly avow their intention to possess Hawaii. It would not be good diplomacy to admit officially that any such intention exists, nor is it necessary for Japan to use any force to accomplish her ends. As Compatriot W. E. Castle has well stated it, "When Hawaii shall be full of Japanese, many of whom will be educated men, and just as intelli- gent as our present electors, can it be supposed that we can prevent them from voting? Never! And by a single election all will be changed. Can your government object to this or complain of it? No; for it will simply be an act of the people of the Eepublic of Hawaii. Nor can you complain Ox the next step, the withdrawal of all negotiations for annexation, for protection, or for any form of closer political or commercial union. Mean- while, a Hawaiian Minister will be kept in Washington, and 'cordial rela- tions' will be maintained with the United States, as the President will con- tinue to say in his messages to Congress. ' ' But the Eepublic of Hawaii would then be run by loyal subjects of the Mikado, its markets would be filled with Japanese products, its industries carried on by Japanese planters and manufacturers, and its ports filled with ships carrying the victorious flag of the Eising Sun. And if, when the time is ripe, Hawaii should proceed to ask for actual annexation to Japan, who would have a right to interfere! Certainly not the United States, after having so long refused all offers of annexation. Tne "dog-in-the-manger" policy will not succeed in the long run. OBJECTIONS TO ANNEXATION NOT WELL FOUNDED. If the objections that are commonly urged in the United States against the annexation of the Islands on the grounds of non-contiguity, undesirable population, and unfitness for statehood are examined, they will all be found to apply in a still greater degree to the acquisition of Alaska. In fact, the plans of the far-seeing statesman who brought about the purchase of Alaska included also these islands and a future isthmian canal. The act of an- nexation would not per se confer American citizenship on any who were not already citizens of the Hawaiian Eepublic. The laws of the Federal Government in regard to naturalization and immigration would immedi- ately come into force, and be applied to the Asiatic elements of the popu- lation, and contracts for labor would cease to be made. Under the security of the starry flag, American skill and enterprise will work the same wonders here that they have done in Southern California. The progress of Americanization will be rapid, although the difficulties in the way have been greatly increased by the delay of the past four years. APPEAL TO COMPATRIOTS TO EXERCISE INFLUENCE IN FAVOR OF ANNEXATION. Believing that no half-way measure will meet the case, and that now is the time for the United States to secure this outpost of its western frontier, not only for its security and the development of its commerce, but for the sake of maintaining and extending American principles at this central meeting place of races, we request our compatriots to give this subject a careful and calm consideration, and to exert their influence for the cause of freedom, either as individuals or officially, as shall be deemed most proper. For the Society: PETEE CUSHMAN JONES, President. JOHN EFFINGEE, Secretary. Eighty-five excellent essays were written by the school children of Hono- lulu schools in February, 1912, on "Washington and His Times," in re- sponse to the offer of two prizes of $25 and $15 by Hon. Charles Henry Dickey, President of the Hawaiian Society. NATIONAL SOCIETYSONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. OFFICERS 1911-12. MOSES GREELEY PARKER, Lowell, Massachusetts, President-General. JOSEPH G. BUTLER, JR., Youngstown, Ohio, Vice-President-General. GEN. IRVING HALE, Denver, Colorado, Vice-President-General. E. C. BALLARD THURSTON, Louisville, Kentucky, Vice-President-General. GEORGE O. Dix, Terre Haute, Indiana, Vice-President-General. COMMANDER JOHN H. MOORE, U. S. N., Washington, D. C., Vice-President. A. HOWARD CLARK, Washington, D. C., Secretary-General; Registrar-General. JOHN H. BURROUGHS, New York, Treasurer -General. DAVID L. PEARSON, East Orange, New Jersey, Historian-General. REV. JOHN TIMOTHY STONE, D.D., Chicago, Illinois, Chaplain-General. CONSTITUTION OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF THE SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. (Adopted at the Denver Congress, June 3, 1907; amended at the Toledo Congress, May 2, 1910, and at the Louisville Congress, May 2, 1911.) ARTICLE I. NAME. The name of this Society shall be " The Sons of the American Revolution." ARTICLE II. PURPOSES AND OBJECTS. The purposes and objects of this Society are declared to be patriotic, historical and educational, and shall include those in- tended or designed to perpetuate the memory of the men who, by their services or sacrifices during the War of the American Revolution, achieved the independence of the American people; to unite and promote fellowship among their descendants ; to in- spire them and the community at large with a more profound reverence for the principles of the government founded by our forefathers ; to encourage historical research in relation to the American Revolution ; to acquire and preserve the records of the individual services of the patriots of the war, as well as docu- ments, relics and landmarks ; to mark the scenes of the Revolu- tion by appropriate memorials; to celebrate the anniversaries of the prominent events of the war and the Revolutionary period; 38 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY to foster true patriotism ; to maintain and extend the institutions of American freedom ; and to carry out the purposes expressed in the preamble to the Constitution of our country and the in- junctions of Washington in his farewell address to the American people. ARTICLE III. MEMBERSHIP. Section 1. Any man shall be eligible to membership in the Society who, being of the age of twenty-one years or over, and a citizen of good repute in the community, is the lineal descendant of an ancestor who was at all times unfailing in his loyalty to and rendered actual service in the cause of American Independence, either as an officer, soldier, seaman, marine, militiaman, or minute man in the armed forces of the Continental Congress or of any one of the several Colonies or States ; or as a signer of the Declaration of Independence; or as a member of a Committee of Safety or Correspondence ; or as a member of any Continental, Provincial, or Colonial Congress or Legislature ; or as a recognized patriot who performed actual service by overt acts of resistance to the authority of Great Britain. Section 2. No one shall be entitled to membership in any State Society who has previously been a member of any other State Society and dropped for the non-payment of dues, until the in- debtedness of such individual to the first Society shall have been adjusted. Section 3. Applications for membership shall be made to any State Society, in duplicate, upon blank forms prescribed by the Board of Trustees, and shall in each case set forth the name, oc- cupation and residence of the applicant, line of descent, and the name, residence and services of his ancestor or ancestors in the Revolution, from whom he derives eligibility. The applicant shall make oath that the statements of his application are true, to the best of his knowledge and belief. Upon the approval of an applica- tion by the State Society, to which it is made, one copy shall be transmitted to the Registrar-General of the National Society, who shall examine further the eligibility of the applicant. If satisfied that the member is not eligible, he shall return the application for correction. Section 4. The official designation of the members of the National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution shall be " Compatriots." ARTICLE IV. NATIONAL AND STATE SOCIETIES. Section 1. The National Society shall embrace all the mem- bers of the State Societies of the Sons of the American Revolu- SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 39 tion, now existing or which may hereafter be established under tnis Constitution. Section 2. Whenever in any State or Territory, in which a State Society does not exist, or in which a State Society has be- come inactive or failed for two years to pay its annual dues to the National Society, fifteen or more persons duly qualified for membership in this Society may associate themselves as a State Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, and organize in accordance with this Constitution, they may be admitted by the Board of Trustees to the National Society as " The Society of the Sons of the American Revolution," and shall there- after have exclusive local jurisdiction in the State or Territory or in the District in which they are organized, subject to the provis- ions of this Constitution ; but this provision shall not be construed so as to exclude the admission of candidates residing in other States. Section 3. Each State Society shall judge of the qualifications of its members and of those proposed for membership, subject to the provisions of this Constitution, and shall regulate all mat- ters pertaining to its own affairs. It shall have authority to establish local chapters within its own jurisdiction and to endow the chapters with such power as it may deem proper, not incon- sistent with this Constitution. It shall have authority to estab- lish local chapters within its own jurisdiction and to endow the chapters with such power as it may deem proper, not inconsist- ent with the Chapter of the National Society or with this Con- stitution. It shall have authority, after due notice and impartial trial, to expel any member who, by conduct unbecoming a gen- tleman, shall render himself unworthy to remain a member of the Society. Section 4. Each State Society shall submit to the Annual Con- gress of the National Society a report, setting forth by name the additions, transfers and deaths, and any other changes in the membership and the progress of the State Societv during the pre- ceding year, and making such suggestions as it shall deem proper for the promotion of the objects of the National Society. Section 5. Whenever a member, in good standing in his So- ciety, changes his residence from the jurisdiction of the State Society of which he is a member to that of another, he shall be entitled, if he so elects, to a certificate of honorable dismission from his own State Society in order that he may be transferred to the State Society to whose jurisdiction he shall have changed his residence; provided, that his membership shall continue in the former until he shall have been elected a member of the latter. Each State Society shall, however, retain full control of the ad- mission of members by transfer. 40 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Section 6. Whenever the word "State" occurs in this Consti- tution, it shall be held to include within its meaning the District of Columbia and the Territories of the United States. Section 7. A Society may be formed in any foreign country by fifteen or more persons who are eligible to membership under this Constitution, which shall bear the same relation to the Na- tional organization as the State Society, subject to the provisions of this Constitution. ARTICLE V. OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES. Section 1. The General Officers of the National Society shall be a President-General, five Vice-Presidents-General, the order of seniority among whom shall be determined by lot at the time of their election, a Secretary-General, Treasurer-General, Registrar- General, Historian-General, and Chaplain-General, who shall be elected by ballot by a vote of a majority of the members present, and entitled to vote at the annual meeting of the Congress of the National Society, and shall hold office for one year and until their successors shall be elected. Section 2. The General Officers provided for in section 1, together with one member from each State Society, shall consti- tute the Board of Trustees of the National Society. Such Trustee fiom each of the several State Societies shall be elected annually at the Congress of the National Society, upon the nomination, or from a list of nominees, to be made by each of the State Societies and submitted to the National Society by the filing thereof with the Secretary of the National Society at least thirty days before the meeting of the Annual Congress of the National Society. And in the event that any one or more of the State Societies shall omit or neglect to make such nomination or submit said list of nomi- nees by the time herein required, then the president of the State Society so in default shall virtute officii be chosen as and become the representative of his State Society upon said Board. Section 3. The Board of Trustees shall have charge of and be charged with the care and custody of all property belonging to the National Society, and to that end shall be vested with the powers conferred by section 3 of the Act of Incorporation of the National Society: Provided, however, that it shall not have the power to sell, convey, or in any wise encumber any real estate belonging to the Society without the assent of three-fourths of the members of said Board. The Board of Trustees shall also have authority to adopt and promulgate the By-Laws of the Na- tional Society, to prescribe the duties of the General Officers, to provide the seal, to designate and make regulations for the issue of the insignia, and to transact the general business of the Na- tional Society during the intervals between the sessions of the SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 41 Congress. Meetings of the General Board may be held at the call of the President-General, or, in case of his absence or in- ability, at the call of the Senior Vice-President-General, certified by the Secretary-General. Meetings shall be called at the re- quest of seven members. At all such meetings seven shall con- stitute a quorum. Section 4. An Executive Committee of seven, consisting of the President-General as chairman and six members, to be nominated by him and approved by the Board of Trustees, shall, in the in- terim between the meetings of the Board, transact such business as may be delegated to it by a Congress of the Society or the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE VI. DUES. Each State Society shall pay annually to the Treasurer-General, to defray the expenses of the National Society, fifty cents for each active member thereof, unless intermitted by the National Con- gress. All such dues shall be paid on or before the first day of April in each year for the ensuing year, in order to secure repre- sentation in the Congress of the National Society. ARTICLE VII. MEETINGS AND ELECTIONS. Section 1. The annual Congress of the National Society for the election of the General Officers and for the transaction of business shall be held on the third Monday of May in each year. The place of such meeting shall be designated by the Board of Trustees. Section 2. Special meetings of the Congress may be called by the President-General, and shall be called by him when di- rected so to do by the Board of Trustees, or whenever requested in writing so to do by at least five State Societies, on giving thirty days' notice, specifying the time and place of such meeting and the business to be transacted. Section 3. The following shall be members of all such annual or special meetings of the Congress, and shall be entitled to vote therein : (1) All the officers and the ex-Presidents-General of the Na- tional Society. (2) The members of the Board of Trustees and the President and Senior Vice-President of each State Society. (3) One delegate at large from each State Society. (4) One delegate for every one hundred members of the So- ciety within a State and for a fraction of fifty or over. 42 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY ARTICLE VIII. PERMANENT FUND. Section 1. There shall be created and maintained a Perma- nent Fund of the Society ; the income or interest from which shall be placed in the general treasury of the Society, and available for the general purposes of the Society, but the principal of which shall be maintained intact, and shall only be used or diminished upon the unanimous recommendation of the Executive Committee approved by the Board of Trustees and ratified by a four-fifths vote of the delegates present at the annual or special Congress to which such recommendation of the Executive Committee shall be reported. Section 2. The Permanent Fund shall be composed of all legacies or donations to the Society, where no other application of the funds is designated by the testator or donor, all commis- sions received from the sale of badges, rosettes and ribbon, and such sum or sums as may from time to time by the Executive Committee be transferred to such fund from the general funds of the Society. Section 3. The Permanent Fund shall be invested in securities authorized to be held by Savings Banks in Massachusetts, Con- necticut or New York, and any premium paid in securing such securities shall be repaid from the first income received. Section 4. After the adjournment of the Eighteenth Annual Congress of this Society, State Societies shall be represented at meetings of the National Society only by members of their own State Society, either duly elected or who in the absence of regu- larly elected delegates may be chosen by the regularly elected attending delegates of such State Society from the members of such State Society who may be present at any meeting of the National Society. ARTICLE IX. AMENDMENTS. This Constitution may be altered or amended at any meeting of the Congress of the National Society, provided that sixty days' notice of the proposed alterations or amendments, which shall first have been recommended by a State Society, or by a prior Congress, or by the Board of Trustees, or by the Executive Com- mittee of the National Society, shall be sent by the Secretary- General to the President of each State Society. A vote of two-thirds of those present shall be necessary to their adoption. ARTICLE X. This Constitution shall take effect upon its adoption. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 43 BY-LAWS OF THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF THE SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. (Adopted at Denver Congress, June 3, 1907.) ARTICLE I. ELECTION OF OFFICERS. All nominations of General Officers shall be made from the floor, and the election shall be by ballot. A majority shall elect. The nominations may be acted upon directly, or may be referred to a committee to examine and report. ARTICLE II. OFFICERS. The duties of the General Officers shall be such as usually ap- pertain to their offices, and they shall have such other duties as are hereinafter imposed or shall be delegated to them by an an- nual Congress or by the Board of Trustees. They shall report at the annual meeting and at such other times as they may be re- quired to do so by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE III. PRESIDENT-GENERAL. Section 1. The President-General, in addition to his general duties, shall be ex-officio chairman of the Board of Trustees and of the Executive Committee and a member of every other com- mittee. Section 2. At each annual meeting he shall appoint the fol- lowing Standing Committees : Committee on Auditing and Finance. Committee on Credentials. Memorial Committee. Committee on Organization. Committee on Education. The duties of the above committees shall be such as usually pertain to committees of like character, and such as may be de- fined by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE IV. VICE-PRESIDENTS-GENERAL. Section 1. In the absence of the President-General, the Senior Vice-President-General present shall preside at the annual meet- ing. Section 2. In the prolonged absence or inability to act of the President-General, the executive authority shall be vested in the Vice-Presidents-General in order of precedence. 44 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY ARTICLE V. SECRETARY-GENERAL. The Secretary-General, in addition to his general duties, shall have charge of the seal, give due notice of all meetings of the National Society or Board of Trustees. He shall give due notice to all general officers and State Societies of all votes, orders, and proceedings affecting or appertaining to their duties. He shall distribute all pamphlets, circulars, rosettes and supplies, as di- rected by the Board of Trustees. ARTICLE VI. TREASURER-GENERAL. Section 1. The Treasurer-General shall collect and receive the funds and securities of the National Society. He shall de- posit the same to the credit of the " Society of the Sons of the American Revolution," and shall draw them thence for the use of the National Society as directed by it or by the Board of Trustees, upon the order of the President-General countersigned by the Secretary-General. His accounts shall be audited by a committee to be appointed at the annual meeting. Section 2. He shall give bond for the safe custody and appli- cation of the funds, the cost of such bond to be borne by the National Society. ARTICLE VII. REGISTRAR-GENERAL. The Registrar-General shall keep a register of the names and dates of the election, resignation or death of all members of the several State Societies, and shall have the care and custody of all duplicate applications for membership. He shall issue upon the requisition of the Secretary or Registrar of the several State Societies certificates of membership and insignia to every mem- ber entitled thereto, through such Secretary or Registrar. ARTICLE VIII. HISTORIAN-GENERAL. The Historian-General shall have the custody of all the histor- ical and biographical collections of which the National Society may become possessed and shall catalogue and arrange the same, and shall place the same in a fireproof depository for preservation. ARTICLE IX. CHAPLAIN-GENERAL. The Chaplain-General shall be a regularly ordained minister, and shall open and close all general meetings of the National Society with the services usual and proper on such occasions. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 45 ARTICLE X. STATE SOCIETIES. Every State Society shall (1) Notify the Secretary-General of the election and appoint- ment of all officers, nominees for the Board of Trustees and delegates. (2) Pay to the Treasurer-General on the first day of March, or within thirty days thereafter, the sum of fifty cents for each active member thereof. (3) Transmit to the Registrar-General duplicate applications of all accepted members, and notify him of the resignation or death of all members thereof. ARTICLE XI. BOARD OF TRUSTEES. Section 1. The Board of Trustees shall prepare and carry out plans for promoting the objects and growth of the Society; shall superintend its interests, and shall execute such other duties as shall be committed to it at any meeting of the National Society. It shall have charge of the printing of the diploma and the manu- facturing of the Insignia, and shall determine the price at which the same shall be issued. Section 2. It shall have the authority to admit or reorganize as a State Society any association of fifteen or more persons duly qualified for membership in the Society. Section 3. It shall have power to fill any vacancy occurring among the General Officers, and an officer so elected shall act until the following annual election and until his successor shall be elected. Section 4. It shall have authority to make, alter, and amend the By-Laws as hereinafter provided. Section 5. The President-General may call meetings of the Board of Trustees at any time he may deem necessary, and shall call such meetings upon the written request of any five members thereof; provided, that of any meeting other than such as may be called during the session or immediately upon the adjourn- ment of an annual or special Congress of the National Society, not less than five days' notice of the time and place of such meeting shall be given. ARTICLE XII. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. A meeting of the Executive Committee may be called at any time by the President-General, and such meeting shall be called upon the written request of three members thereof. It shall be the duty of the Executive Committee to exercise the powers and 46 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY perform the duties committed to it by any annual or special Con- gress or by the Board of Trustees ; to control and supervise all arrangements for the holding of the annual or any special Con- gress, and the social and other functions connected therewith; it shall upon the request of the proper committee of the National Society or of the Board of Trustees, assist in the organization of new State Societies, and increasing the membership of weak State Societies, and for these purposes may incur its necessary expenses, limited to such amounts as may be in the treasury un- appropriated, and not required for the current expenses of the National Society during the year. ARTICLE XIII. SEAL. The Seal of the Society shall be two and three-eighths of an inch in diameter, charged with the figure of a minute man grasp- ing a musket in his right hand, and surrounded by a constellation of thirteen stars, who shall be depicted in the habit of a husband- man of the period of the American Revolution, and as in the act of deserting the plow for the service of his country; the whole encircled by a band three-eighths of an inch wide, within which shall appear the legend " National Society of the Sons of the American Revolution, organized April 30, 1889." ARTICLE XIV. CERTIFICATES. All members of this Society, wherever admitted, shall be en- titled to a certificate of membership duly attested by the President- General, Secretary-General, and Registrar-General, countersigned by the President, Secretary and Registrar of the State Society to which such member shall have been admitted. ARTICLE XV. INSIGNIA. The Insignia of the Society shall comprise (1) a cross sur- mounted by an eagle in gold; (2) a rosette. Section 1. The cross shall be of silver, with four arms, cov- ered with white enamel and eight gold points same size as a Chevalier's Cross of the Legion of Honor of France, with a gold medallion in the center, bearing on the obverse a bust of Wash- ington in profile and on the reverse the figure of a minute man surrounded by a ribbon enameled blue, with the motto : "Libertas et Patria" on the obverse, and the legend, "Sons of the American Revolution," on the reverse, both in letters of gold. The cross shall be surmounted by an eagle in gold, and the whole decora- tion suspended from a ring of gold by a ribbon of deep blue with SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 47 white and buff edges, and may be worn by any member of the Society on ceremonial occasions only, and shall be carried on the left breast, or at the collar if an officer or Past President-General of the National Society or the President, active or past, of a State Society. Section 2. The rosette shall be seven-sixteenths of an inch in diameter, of usual pattern, displaying the colors of the Society, blue, white and buff, and may be worn by all members at discre- tion in the upper left-hand buttonhole of the coat. ARTICLE XVI. INDEBTEDNESS. No debts shall be contracted on behalf of the National Society. Every obligation for the payment of money, except checks drawn against deposits, executed in the name of or on behalf of the Na- tional Society, shall be null and void. ARTICLE XVII. ORDER OF BUSINESS OF THE ANNUAL CONGRESS. 1. Calling the Congress to order by the President-General. 2. Opening Prayer by the Chaplain-General. 3. Appointment of a Committee on Credentials. 4. Remarks by the President-General on condition and needs of the Society. 5. Report of Committee on Credentials. 6. Reading of Minutes of the last Congress. 7. Report of Board of Trustees. 8. Reports of General Officers. 9. Reports of Standing Committees. 10. Reports of Special Committees. 11. Reports of State Societies. 12. Old and unfinished business. 13. New business, including election of Officers and Trustees. 14. Adjournment. 15. Provided, that for a special purpose the Congress may, by a vote of two-thirds of those present and voting, suspend the above order of business. ARTICLE XVIII. AMENDMENTS. These By-Laws may be altered or amended by a vote of three- fourths of the members present at any meeting of the Board of Trustees, notice thereof having been given at a previous meeting. HAWAIIAN SOCIETY SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. OFFICERS 1911-12. CHARLES HENRY DICKEY, President ROBERT JAMES PRATT, Vice-President PERLEY LEONARD HORNE, Secretary FREDERICK D WIGHT LOWREY, Treasurer HOWARD CHARLES MOHR, Registrar FRANCIS BLAKELEY MCSTOCKER, Member Board of Directors CHARLES HENRY ATHERTON, Member Board of Directors AMOS FRANCIS COOKE, Member Board of Directors CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS OF THE HAWAIIAN SOCIETY OF THE SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. Adopted June 17, 1895, with amendments. ARTICLE I. The name of this Society shall be " The Hawaiian Society of the Sons of the American Revolution." ARTICLE II. The objects of this Society are to perpetuate the memory and spirit of the men who achieved American Independence, by en- couragement of historical research in relation to the Revolution; the preservation of documents and relics, and of the records of the individual services of Revolutionary soldiers and patriots, and the promotion of celebrations of patriotic anniversaries ; to diffuse among the young a knowledge of the great events of American history ; to foster true patriotism and love of country, and to pro- mote social intercourse and good feeling among its members. ARTICLE III. Any man shall be eligible to membership in this Society who, being of the age of twenty-one years or over, and a citizen of good repute in the community, is the lineal descendant of an an- cestor who was at all times unfailing in his loyalty to and ren- dered actual service in the cause of American Independence, SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 49 either as an officer, soldier, seaman, marine, militiaman or minute man, in the armed forces of the Continental Congress or any one of the several Colonies or States or as a signer of the Declaration of Independence ; or as a member of a Committee of Safety or Correspondence, or as a member of any Continental, Provincial, or Colonial Congress or Legislature ; or as a civil officer either of one of the Colonies or States or of the national government; or as a recognized patriot who performed actual service by overt acts of resistance to the authority of Great Britain. ARTICLE IV. The officers of this Society shall be a President, Vice-Presi- dent, Secretary, Treasurer and a Registrar; the office of Regis- trar and Treasurer can be held by the same person. ARTICLE V. A meeting for the election of officers and the transaction of business shall be held annually in the city of Honolulu on the 17th day of June (the anniversary of the battle of Bunker Hill) and meetings for business and social purposes shall be held at such time and places as the Board of Managers may determine. If the annual meeting shall fall on Sunday, it shall be held the following day. ARTICLE VI. There shall be a Board of Managers whose duty it shall be to conduct the affairs of this Society, which Board shall consist of the officers of this Society and three other members, who shall be elected at the annual meeting. The Board of Managers shall have power to fill vacancies, which appointment shall hold good until the next annual meeting. ARTICLE VII. This Constitution may be amended, altered or repealed at any annual meeting of the Society by a vote of three-fourths of the members present. ARTICLE VIII. A quorum of the Society for the transaction of business shall consist of ten members; of the Managers five members; but a less number may adjourn. 50 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY BY-LAWS. Adopted June 17, 1895. Section I. All applications for membership must be made in duplicate on blanks furnished by the Society, and be sworn to by the applicant. Section II. All applications for membership shall be sub- mitted to the Board of Managers for examination, and when ap- proved by said Board shall be placed with the Registrar for preservation, and upon approval by the Registrar-General of the National Society and payment of membership fee the applicant shall become a member of the Society. Section III. The membership fee shall be two and a half dollars ($2.50), including certificate and a yearly fee of two dollars ($2.00). The payment by a member at any time of twenty-five dollars ($25.00) shall constitute the person on paying such sum a Life Member, and he shall thereafter be exempt from the payment of yearly dues. Annual dues shall be payable to the Treasurer on or before the 17th of June each year. The failure to pay dues for two years shall be regarded at the option of the Board of Managers as terminating the membership of such person. Section IV. The Secretary shall keep the records of the Society, notify members of meetings and perform the usual duties of a secretary. Section V. The Treasurer shall collect all dues, keep the funds of the Society, and shall pay out nothing except upon the order of the President. Section VI. The Registrar shall keep all applications and make a record of the same, and have the custody of all books, papers and relics of which the Society may be possessed. Section VII. These By-Laws may be altered or amended at the annual meeting or at a special meeting, provided notice of the same shall be given upon the call for the meeting. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 51 PAST OFFICEKS OF THE HAWAIIAN SOCIETY. 1895 President, Peter Cushman Jones; Viee-President, Albert Francis Judd; Secretary, John Effinger; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Eev. Douglas Putnam Birnie, John Walter Jones, Henry Weld Severance. 1896 President, Peter Cushman Jones; Vice-President, Albert Francis Judd; Secretary, John Effinger; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Eev. Douglas Putnam Birnie, John Walter Jones, W. F. Allen. 1897 President, Peter Cushman Jones; Vice-President, Lorrin A. Thurs- ton; Secretary, W. O. Atwater; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Francis B. McStocker, William W. Hall, John Walter Jones. 1898 President, Albert Francis Judd; Vice-President, William F. Allen; Secretary, W. O. Atwater; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Peter Cushman Jones, William E. Castle, Frederick Jewett Lowrey. 1899 President, William F. Allen; Vice-President, William E. Castle; Secretary, William O. Atwater; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Peter Cushman Jones, Albert Francis Judd, Frederick Jewett Lowrey. 1900 President, William F. Allen; Vice-President, W T illiam E. Castle; Sec- retary, William O. Atwater; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Peter Cushman Jones, Frederick Jewett Lowrey, William C. Parke. 1901 President, William E. Castle; Vice-President, Frank S. Dodge; Sec- retary, William O. Atwater; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegis- trar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Albert Francis Judd, William C. Parke, Frederick Jewett Lowrey. 1902 President, Frank S. Dodge; Vice-President, Frederick Jewett Low- rey; Secretary, William O. Atwater; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Charles M. Cooke, William C. Parke, Albert Francis Judd. 1903 President, Frederick Jewett Lowrey; Vice-President, George E. Car- ter; Secretary, Sidney M. Ballou; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar, William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Frank S. Dodge, Lyle A. Dickey, William O. Atwater. 1904-5 President, Charles M. Cooke; Vice-President, John Effinger; Sec- retary, William C. Parke; Treasurer, William J. Forbes; Eegistrar William DeWitt Alexander; Board of Managers, Lorrin A. Thurston, Jared G. Smith, Lyle A. Dickey. 1906 President, John Effinger; Vice-President, Lorrin A. Thurston; Sec- retary, Lyle A. Dickey; Treasurer, Charles Hustace, Jr.; Eegistrar, Sidney M. Ballou; Board of Managers, Gerrit P. Wilder, Jared G. Smith, Wallace E. Farrington. 1907 President, John Effinger; Vice-President, Lorrin A. Thurston; Sec- retary, Lyle A. Dickey; Treasurer, George P. Cooke; Eegistrar, Sid- ney M. Ballou; Board of Managers, Wallace E. Farrington, Jared G. Smith, Gerrit P. Wilder. 1908 President, George E. Carter; Vice-President, Dr. Charles Bryant Cooper; Secretary, Lyle A. Dickey; Treasurer, Eobert James Pratt; Eegistrar, Sidney M. Ballou; Board of Managers, Charles Henry Atherton, Frederick Jewett Lowrey, Gerrit Parmele Wilder. 1909 President, George E. Carter; Vice-President, Dr. Charles Bryant Cooper; Secretary, Lyle A. Dickey; Treasurer, Eobert James Pratt; Eegistrar, Sidney M. Ballou; Board of Managers, Charles Henry Atherton, Frederick Jewett Lowrey, Gerrit Parmele Wilder. 1910-11 President, Dr. Charles Bryant Cooper; Vice-President, Charles H. Dickey; Secretary, Perley L. Home; Treasurer, Frederick D. Lowrey; Eegistrar, John Effinger; Board of Managers, A. Francis Cooke, George P. Castle, Howard C. Mohr. 52 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY RECORDS HAWAIIAN SOCIETY. National No. Territorial No. 4641 1 WILLIAM DeWITT ALEXANDER, Historian; born in Honolulu, April 2, 1833; admitted June, 1895. William Patterson Alexander=Mary Ann McKinney. Mordecai McKinney=Mary Chambers. Col. William Chamber s=Eleanor Talbot. Also: Mordeeai McKinney=Mary Chambers. Mordecai McKinney= Agnes Bodine. Also: William Patterson Alexander=Mary Ann McKinney. James Alexander=Mary (Rose) Depew. Alexander Eose= Col. William Chambers was born in Carlisle, Pa., in 1744. He is men- tioned in the minutes of the Council of Safety, as Captain in the First Regiment of Cumberland Co., Pa., in 1777, under Col. Ephraim Elaine, great-grandfather of Hon. James G. Elaine, and later as Colonel in com- mand of the Third Battalion Pennsylvania Associators and Militiamen July 31, 1777, May 14, 1778, and April 23, 1779. He fought in the battle of Brandywine and in the battles of Trenton and Princeton. He died in Carlisle, Pa., October 5, 1809. Mordecai McKinney, born in Middlesex Co., N. J., in 1727; was lieutenant under Col. Plunkett in Associators of Northumberland Co., Pa., and a delegate July 4, 1776, to the convention in Lancaster, Pa., of the Associators Battalions of Penn- sylvania. He served as a member of the Committee of Safety of North- umberland Co., Pa., for six months, from August 13, 1776. In 1778 he was appointed Justice of the Peace for Northumberland Co., Pa. He died April 4, 1782, in Northumberland Co., Pa. Alexander fiose was first lieutenant of the Sixth Virginia Regiment, March 4, 1776, and was made captain in the Seventeenth Virginia Regiment, September, 1776. 4652 2 WILLIAM DOUGLAS ALEXANDER, born in Honolulu, May 26, 1862; admitted June, 1895. William DeWitt Alexander=Abigail Charlotte Baldwin. Dwight Baldwin=Charlotte Fowler. Solomon Fowler=ulive Douglas. Col William Douglas=Kann&h Mansfield. Col. William Douglas was born in Plainfield, Conn., January 27, 1742. He served under Capt. Israel Putnam in the French and Indian War, and took an active part in the taking of Quebec in 1759. In 1775 he commanded a company of New Haven men in the expedition against Montreal under Gen. Montgomery. He took command of the flotilla on Lake Champlain, and rendered important service in the siege and capture of St. Johns at the head of the lake. In the spring of 1776 he raised a regiment, of which he was commissioned colonel, and joined the army under Gen. Washington at New York. He took part in the disastrous campaign of Long Island, and served in the engagements at Harlem Heights, White Plains, Philip Manor, Croton River, and New York, where his horse was shot under him and his clothes were perforated with bullets. Having lost his health from exposure in this campaign, he was obliged to return to his family in Northford, Conn., where he died May 28, 1777. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 53 Also: Dwight Baldwin=Charlotte Fowler. Solomon Fowler=Olive Douglas. Capt. Josiah Fowler=Rut}i Hall. Capt. Josiah Fowler was born May 31, 1724, in Durham, Conn. He served as corporal under Col. Wm. Douglas in the expedition to Canada. He was afterward commissioned as captain, and joined with Major Meigs in an expedition to Long Island, where they captured ninety of the enemy. He died in Northford, Conn., May 17, 1802. Also: Dwight Baldwin=Charlotte Fowler. Seth Baldwin^Bhoda Hull. Abial Baldwin=M.ehitSible Johnson. Abial Baldwin was a private in Capt. James Bobinson's company in Col. Thaddeus Cook's regiment of militia when called for the relief of New Haven and Fairfield, Conn., July, 1779, in Tryon's invasion. Also descendant of Col. William Chambers, Mordecai McKinney, and Alexander Rose. (See record of William DeWitt Alexander.) 14626 76 FEEDEEICK J. AMWEG was born in Harrisburg, Pa., May 9, 1856; admitted 1902. John M. Amweg=Margaret H. Fenn. Frederick J. Fenn Emeline Haskins. James Fenn=Lois Sedgwick. Theophilus Fenn. Theophilus Fenn was born in Wallingford, Conn., in 1747. He served as orderly sergeant under Gen. Wolfe in the Canadian campaign and at the storming and capture of Quebec in 1765 was taken prisoner by the French, but made his escape from Crown Point. At the outbreak of the Bevolutionary War he raised a company and marched to the front at the first sound of arms. He reached Concord just too late to participate in the engagement, but fought bravely at Bunker Hill, where he was so severely wounded as to be disabled for further service. He was a farmer, and for thirty years represented the town of Canaan in the Connecticut Assembly. 4653 3 CHAELES HENEY ATHEBTON, treasurer Castle & Cooke, Ltd.; born in Honolulu, July 12, 1867; admitted June, 1895. Joseph Ballard Atherton=Juliette Montague Cooke. Amos Starr Cooke=Juliette Montague. Joseph Platt Cooke=Annis Starr. Col. Joseph Platt Coofce Sarah Benedict. Also: Amos Starr Cooke=Juliette Montague. Caleb Montague=Martha Warner. John Montague^ Abigail Hubbard. Capt. Caleb Montague=Eunice Boot. Also: Amos Starr Cooke=Juliette Montague. Joseph Platt Cooke=:Annie Starr. Capt. Thomas Starr= Also: John Montague=Abigail Hubbard. Israel Hubbard. 54 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Col. Joseph Platt CooTce was born at Stratford, Conn., January 4, 1730, and died at Danbury, Conn., February 3, 1816. He held a commission as Colonel in the Revolutionary War, and commanded the Militia at Dan- bury when it was attacked by the British troops under Gen. Tryon, April 26, 1777. He is said by S. C. Goodrich to have "enjoyed the friendship and confidence of Washington, and the acquaintance of Lafayette, Roch- ambeau and Count De Grasse, whom he entertained at his house. ' ' He represented Danbury in the Connecticut Legislature in 1776, 1778, and 1780-1784, being a decided Federalist in his opinions. The epitaph on his tombstone at Danbury states that he was "Educated at Yale, grad- uated 1750. In the progress of a long life, he filled many public offices, with usefulness to the public and reputation to himself. ' ' Capt. Caleb Montague was born at Sunderland, Mass., July 27, 1731, and died No- vember 9, 1782. His commission as Captain in the Continental Army, dated at Watertown, N. Y., May 10, 1776, and signed by the "major part of the Council, ' ' is still extant. He served in the army during the Revolutionary War, and it is said that his comparatively early death was caused by exposure in said service. Capt. Thomas Starr was born at Danbury, Conn., in 1720, and died in 1808. He took part in the defence of Danbury, April 26, 1777, against the British troops under Gen Tryon, who burned the town. On June 1, 1777, he was commissioned Ensign in the Seventh Regiment, Connecticut line. He was promoted to be Second Lieutenant January 25, 1778, and First Lieutenant March 12, 1780. He went into service at Peekskill, N. Y., in the spring of 1777, and in September joined Gen. Washington's army in Pennsylvania. He was in the battle of Gennantown, October 4, 1777, and was in camp at Valley Forge during the winter of 1777-1778. He fought in the battle of Mon- mouth, June 28, 1778; encamped that summer at White Plains, N. Y., and wintered 1778-1779 at Redding, Conn. In the summer of 1779 he served on the east side of the Hudson; wintered at Morristown, N. J., 1779-1780; and the next summer served on the Hudson, and wintered at Camp Connecticut Village. In the formation of 1781-1783, he was First Lieutenant in Capt. Chamberlain's company, and served till the end of the war. He was a member of the order of the Cincinnati, and after- ward received a pension. Israel Hubbard, born 1725, died 1817. He was a member of the First Massachusetts Provincial Congress at Salem, October 7, 1774, and of the Congress at Watertown, May 31, 1775, and was a member of the General Court in 1776, 1777, 1780, 1782 and 1783. 9393 68 FRANK COOKE ATHERTON, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, July 1, 1877; admitted 1898. Joseph Ballard Atherton=Juliette Montague Cooke. Descended from Col. Joseph Platt Cooke, Capt. Caleb Montague, Capt. Thomas Starr, and Israel Hubbard. (See record of Charles Henry Atherton. 14632 82 CHARLES JONATHAN AUSTIN, horticulturist, Waialua, Oahu; born in Hilo, Hawaii, November 2, 1865; admitted July, 1906. Stafford L. Austin=Caroline H. Clark. Ephraim Wesson Clark=Mary Kittredge. Edward G'Zarfc=Elizabeth Wesson. Ephraim JFessow=Sarah Proctor. Also: Ephraim Wesson Clark=Mary Kittredge. Josiah Kittredge=Mary Baker. Solomon Kittredge. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 55 Edward Clark was born in Vermont, November 9, 1759, and died in Caledonia Co., Vt., in 1840. He served through the Kevolutionary War as a private soldier in Capt. Port's company, Col. Hubbard's regiment; also in Capt. Thomas Pry's company, under Col. Moses Hazen, and in the so-called Congress Eegiment. He was wounded at the siege of York- town by a stray shell, and carried from the field. In course of time he recovered, and lived to be eighty years old. Solomon Kittredge was a private in the New Hampshire Militia. Ephraim Wesson was a member of the Committee of Safety and of the New Hampshire Provincial Congress. 18937 112 JOSEPHUS CARLYLE AXTELL, Honolulu; born in Detroit, Mich, De- cember 26, 1850. Jonathan Reeve Axtell=Mary Smith. Silas Axtelk=Elizabeth Loree. Henry Axtell=Phebe Condict. Henry Axtell held the rank of major in an organization of minute men and was also major in the New Jersey State troops. He was born in Plymouth Co., Mass., March 16, 1738, and died in Mendham, N. J., in 1818. 18940 115 RAYMOND CARLYLE AXTELL, Honolulu; born in Bozeman, Montana, July 11, 1881. Josephus Carlyle Axtell=Vina Carlyle. Descendant of Major Henry Axtell. (See record of Josephus Carlyle Axtell, supra.) 14641 91 ERDMANN DWIGHT BALDWIN, civil engineer and surveyor, Honolulu; born in Lahaina, Maui, December 9, 1859. David Dwight Baldwin=Lois G. Morris. Rev. Dwight Baldwin=Charlotte Fowler. Descendant of Abial Baldwin, Josiah Fowler, and William Douglas. (See record of William Douglas Alexander.) 4685 35 SIDNEY MILLER BALLOU, lawyer, Washington, D. C.; born in Provi- dence, R. I., October 24, 1870; admitted February, 1896. Oren Aldrich Ballou^Charlotte Hitchcock Miller. Edward F. Miller=Louisa Hitchcock. Luke Hitchcoeki=:Charlotte Jencks. Eleazar Jencks.=Si\ence Shaw. Eleazar Jencks served as captain of Rhode Island troops in Col. John Matthewson's regiment, August, 1778. He was major in First Regiment of Providence Co., R. I., in 1779, and lieutenant-colonel in 1780. 18939 114 BERNHARD RUDOLF BANNING, 2434 Hillside avenue, Oakland, Cal.; born in Honolulu, Hawaii, January 10, 1868; admitted October, 1907. Frederick BanningrzrClarissa Armstrong. Rev. Richard Armstrong=Clarissa Chapman. Samuel Chapman;=Hannah Ferguson. Eev. Benjamin Chapman=Abig8iil Riggs. Also: Samuel Chapman=Hannah Ferguson. John Ferguson=Dorotliy Hamilton. John Hamilton==S8iTaih 56 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Benjamin Chapman of Connecticut was a patriot and a preacher; his sons served as soldiers, and the eldest died of camp fever. John Fer- guson, born 1740, at Blandford, Mass., died in 1792, at Blandford; was captain of a company of minute men in Col. Timothy Danielson's regi- ment at the Lexington Alarm. He was also captain in Col. Samuel Brewer's regiment sent to reinforce the Continental Army at Tieon- deroga in 1777. John Hamilton was captain in 1776 in Col. John Mosley 's Third Hampshire County Eegiment, Massachusetts Militia in a detach- ment sent under Lieut.-Col. Timothy Eobinson to reinforce the Conti- nental Army at Ticonderoga. 18947 122 JAMES BICKNELL, Auditor City and County of Honolulu; born May 26, 1869, at Kohala, Hawaii; admitted 1908. James Bicknell=Ellen Mariner Bond. Eev. Elias Bond=Ellen Mariner Howell. Elias Bond=Eebecca Davis. Col. William Bond=Lucy Brown. Col. William Bond was born February 17, 1733, and died August 31, 1776. He was lieutenant-colonel under Col. Thomas Gardner, who was mortally wounded in the battle of Bunker Hill. After that event, he succeeded to the command of the regiment (which in November, 1775, was designated as the Twenty-fifth Eegiment of the Continental Army), in Gen. Greene's brigade, which was stationed at Prospect Hill. In March, Col. Bond's regiment marched to New York, and afterward was ordered to Canada, forming part of the detachment ordered thither by way of Lake Champlain. He returned from Canada, with his regiment greatly weakened by disease and death, and encamped on Mt. Inde- pendence, opposite Ticonderogat He had just received a furlough, when he was taken with typhoid fever, and died, being buried with military honors. 9387 62 BENJAMIN D. BOND, M. D., Kohala, Hawaii; born in Kohala, January 21, 1853; admitted January, 1898. Eev. Elias Bond=Ellen Mariner Howell. Elias Bond=Eebecca Davis. Col. William Bond=Lucy Brown. (See record of James Bicknell.) 4688 38 ELIAS COBNELIUS BOND, Honolulu; born in Kohala, Hawaii, May 21, 1846; admitted February, 1896. Eev. Elias Bond=Ellen Mariner Howell Descendant of Col. William Bond. (See record of James Bicknell.) 20404 129 CHAKLES LEWIS BOSSON, San Francisco; born in Boston, Mass., June 3, 1874; admitted January, 1909. George Thompson Bosson=Laura J. Josselyn. Charles P. Bosson=Elizabeth S. Hobbs. Daniel Hobbs= Jacob Hobbs= Jacob Hobbs was one of eight brothers, who all enlisted in the Eevo- lutionary Army from Topsfield, N. H. They lived in Hudson, Notting- ham and Londonderry, N. H. He enlisted in Capt. Philip Thomas' com- pany, Col. James Eeade's regiment, April 30, 1775, and served three years and nine months. He was also in Capt. John Calf e 's company, Col. T. Bartlett's regiment, serving in New York State. In 1825, he was one of the surviving soldiers of the Eevolutionary War present when the cornerstone of Bunker Hill Monument was laid. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 57 18948 123 iSAIAH BRAY, Pilot U. S. Marine Service, Honolulu; born in Chelsea, Mass.; admitted May 26, 1908. Jeremiah Bray=Jane G. Gould. Isaiah Bray=Thankful Hallet. William 5rai/=Hannah O 'Kelly. William Bray was born December 18, 1729, in Yarmouth, Mass., and died August 22, 1805; was a private in Capt. CrowelFs company, Col. Nathaniel Freeman's regiment, of Massachusetts, called out on an alarm at Dartmouth and Falmouth in September, 1778. 4672 22 WALTER HALL BROMLEY, engineer, Honolulu; born in San Francisco, March 19, 1863; admitted June, 1895. Washington Lafayette Bromley Abby Scribner. Lewis Bromley=rAnn Catherine Jones. John Bromley=:Eliza Palmer. William Bromley 2d= William Bromley lst= William Bromley 1st was born in Connecticut in 1719, and died in Danbury, Vt., in 1803. He was town clerk of Danby, Vt., 1776-1780; member of the Committee of Safety in 1777; Selectman in 1781; and Town Treasurer 1783-1785. William Bromley 2d was a private soldier in the Revolutionary War. 14627 77 WILLIAM WOOD WORTH BRUNER, 180 Perry street, Oakland, Cal.; born in San Francisco, December 1, 1864; admitted February 10, 1902. William Hopperset Bruner=Jane Woodworth. John Bruner=Maria Jones. David Jones=Hannah Graham. Jonathan Jo?ies=Margaret Davis. Lieut.-CoL Jonathan Jones was born November, 1738, in Chester Co., Pa., and died September 26, 1782. He was lieutenant-colonel Third Bat- talion Berks Co., Pa., Militia. 138 IRA DAY PARSONS CANFIELD, electrician, Honolulu; born in Renora, Pa., May 13, 1882. Ira Day Canfield=Mary Elizabeth Parsons. Joseph Parsons=Ann Eliza Fribley. William Parsons=Catharine Collins. Thomas Collins=Elizaibeth Pulate. Also: William Parsons=Catharine Collins. Stephen Parsons=Eleanor Macllraine. Also: Ira Day Canfield=Mary Elizabeth Parsons. Ira Day Canfield=Susannah Antes. Frederick Antes=Jane Holt. Philip Antes=Susanna Williams. Capt. Henry Antes=A.Tina Maria Paulin. Thomas Collins was born in Pennsylvania, and died in Womelsdorf, Pa., in 1807. He was a private in the Second Pennsylvania Regiment, Continental line, and one of Washington's picked men who crossed the Delaware to attack the Hessians at the battle of Trenton; was also at Princeton, Brandywine, and Germantown, and in camp at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777-8, and remained with the army until the close of 58 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY the war. Stephen Parsons was born in England. He was a private in the Essex County, New Jersey, Militia. Capt. Henry Antes was born in Pottstown, Pa., October 5, 1736, and died in Fort Antes, Lycoming Co., Pa., May 13, 1820. He was captain of the Eighth Company of the As- sociators of Northampton Co., Pa., January 24, 1776, and of the First Company, Third Battalion, March 13, 1776, and had command of the Associators on the frontier. The stockade he built was called Antes Fort. 4655 5 GEOEGE EGBERT CAETEE, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, December 28, 1866; admitted June, 1895. Henry Alfred Pierce Carten=Sybil Augusta Judd. Gerrit Parmele Judd=Laura Fish. Elias Fish=Sybil Williams. Samuel JFiWiams=:Hannah Powers. Also: Dr. Gerrit Parmele Judd=Laura Fish. Elnathan Judd=Elizabeth Hastings. Elnathan Judd, born 1724= Capt. Thomas Judd of Westbury, Conn. Samuel Williams of Groton, Conn., served as lieutenant in the Tenth Company of Continentals from May 1 to December 18, 1775. He was afterward second lieutenant in Capt. Asa Bray's company of Col. Hooker's regiment of militia, from April 3 to May 3, 1777. Capt. Thomas Judd of Westbury, Conn., was a captain of the militia, and representative in the General Court of Connecticut many sessions. 9385 60 GEOEGE PAEMELE CASTLE, president Castle & Cooke, Ltd., Honolulu; born in Honolulu, April 29, 1851; admitted May, 1897. Samuel Northrup Castle=Mary C. Tenney. Levi Tenney=Mary Ann Kingsbury. Jesse Tenney=Hannah Griswold. Jesse Tenney was born in Norwich, Conn., April 20, 1741, and died in Sudbury, Vt., January 8, 1815. He served in 1780 and 1781 in Capt. Joseph Safford and Capt. Eobinson's companies, and is said to have served under Gen. Stark in the battle of Bennington. 9378 53 WILLIAM EICHAEDS CASTLE, lawyer, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, March 19, 1849; admitted January 15, 1897. Samuel Northrup Castle=Mary C. Tenney. Levi Tenney=Mary Ann Kingsbury. Jesse Tenney=Ha,nna,h Griswold. (See record of George Parmele Castle.) 4683 33 WAEBEN CHAMBEELAIN, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, July 17, 1829; admitted February, 1896. Levi Chamberlainr=:Maria Patton. Joseph Chamberlain=Liuey Whitney. Wilson Chamberlain==E t liz3ibet1a. Austin. Also: Joseph CTwzm&erZaw Lucy Whitney. Lieut. Jesse Whitney= SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 59 Wilson Chamberlain, born in 1724, was a private soldier in Capt. Ben Richardson's company, Col. Dyke's regiment, in service at Dorchester Heights near Boston, in 1776. His houses and property were destroyed in the burning of Charlestown, and his wife and children escaped to Maiden, Mass. His name also appears on the roll of Capt. Sam Hub- bard's company, Col. Job Gushing 's regiment, in 1777. He marched on the alarm to Bennington, Vt. Enlisted August 18, 1777, discharged October 30, 1777. He died at Holliston, Mass., June 23, 1791. Joseph Chamberlain was born December 27, 1762, in Charlestown, Mass., and died August 21, 1800, at Dover, Vt. He enlisted in Westborough, Mass., December 2, 1780, for three years' service. In January, 1783, he was in the Fifth Massachusetts Regiment, stationed at Camp New Windsor, north of New York City, and continued in the service until the close of the war. Lieut. Jesse Whitney was a lieutenant in the Fourth Company of Mendon, Mass., Capt. Gershom Nelson. He marched to Lexington on the day of the alarm. He was engaged in military service in Eastern Massachusetts and Ehode Island, from 1775 to 1779. He resigned from the service November 16, 1779. 4684 34 WILLIAM WARREN CHAMBERLAIN, clerk, Honolulu; born in Hono- lulu, February 13, 1873; admitted February, 1896. (See record of his father, Warren Chamberlain, No. 33.) 9398 73 ERNEST BROOKS CLARK, clerk, Honolulu; born in Oakland, Cal., Sep- tember 7, 1877; admitted February, 1900. Charles Kittredge Clark=Harriett Howell. Ephraim W. Clark=:Mary Kittredge. Edward CZarfc=Elizabeth Wesson. Descendant of Edward Clark, Ephraim Wesson and Solomon Kittredge. (See record of Charles Jonathan Austin.) 137 HARRIE CUTLER COBURN, manager Kauai Railway Co., Eleele, Hawaii; born May 26, 1882, in Brooklyn, Conn.; admitted February 6, 1911. J. Milton Coburn, M. L.=Abbie M. Cutler. Aaron G. Cutler=Luey F. Nourse. Ebenezer Cutler^Milly Blake. Ebenezer CwiZerrzzElizabeth Brown. Ebenezer Cutler was a private in Massachusetts troops under Col. Sproat. 4670 20 AMOS FRANCIS COOKE, President Palolo Land and Improvement Com- pany, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, December 23, 1851; admitted June, 1895. Amos Starr Cooke=Juliette Montague. Descendant of Col. Joseph Platt Cooke, Capt. Caleb Montague, Capt. Thomas Starr, and Israel Eubbard. (See record of Charles Henry Atherton.) 9389 64 CLARENCE HYDE COOKE, President Bank of Hawaii, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, April 17, 1876; admitted March, 1898. Charles Montague Cooke=Anna Charlotte Rice. Amos Starr Cooke=Juliette Montague. Descendant of Col. Joseph Platt Cooke, Capt. Caleb Montague, Capt. Thomas Starr, and Israel Hubbard. (See record of Charles Henry Afherton.) 60 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY 14635 85 GEOEGE PAUL COOKE, Manager American Sugar Co., Kaunakakai, Molokai; born in Honolulu, December 2, 1881; admitted August 9, 1906. Charles Montague Cooke Anna Charlotte Eice. Amos Starr Cooke=Juliette Montague. Descendant of Col. Joseph Platt Cooke, Capt. Caleb Montague, Capt. Thomas Starr, and Israel Eubbard. (See record of Charles Henry Atherton.) 18928 103 JOSEPH PLATT COOKE, Manager Alexander & Baldwin, Honolulu; born December 15, 1870, at Honolulu; admitted April 26, 1907. Joseph Platt Cooke=H. Emily Wilder. Amos Starr Cooke=Juliette Montague. Descendant of Col. Joseph Platt CooJce, Capt. Caleb Montague, Capt. Thomas Starr, and Israel Hubbard. (See record of Charles Henry Atherton.) 9386 61 CHAELES BEY ANT COOPEE, M.D., Honolulu; born in Babylon, N. Y., November 19, 1864; admitted November, 1897. Eev. Charles White Coopen=:Sarah Frances Duyckinck. James Duyckinck=:Mary Post. John Duyckinck Mary Meyer. Gen. Andrew McMeyer=M.&ry Gen. Andrew McMires or McMeyer (the Me was afterward dropped), was born in Scotland, and was killed in the battle of Germantown, October 4, 1777. He had settled in New Jersey. When the War of In- dependence broke out he entered the Continental Army as Captain in the First Eegiment of New Jersey troops, December 15, 1775, and on the 29th of November, 1776, was promoted for bravery in the field to the rank of General. As above stated, he fell at the head of his brigade in the battle of Germantown. 18927 102 SAMUEL MILLS DAMON, Banker, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, March 13, 1845; admitted April 26, 1907. Eev. Samuel Chenery Damon=Julia Sherman Mills. Samuel Damon=Alony Chenery. Isaac G7ienen/=Susannah Peirce. Also: Samuel Damon=Alony Chenery. Samuel Damon=Abigail Penniman. James Penniman= Abigail Dr. Isaac Chenery was born in Medfield, Mass., November, 1742, and died in Holdon, Mass., October 20, 1822. He was surgeon in Capt. Jos. Davis ' Company of Minute Men, Massachusetts, and surgeon in Col. Nathaniel Wade's Massachusetts Eegiment. James Penniman was born in 1734, and died March 17, 1804, in Medway, Mass. He was a corporal in the Massachusetts Militia. 14634 84 GEN. EDWAED DAVIS, Brigadier-General, U. S. A., retired, Honolulu; born in Louisville, Ky., July 7, 1845; admitted August 5, 1906. Benjamin Outram Davis=Susan Fry Speed. John Speed Lucy Gilmer Fry. Lieut. James Speed= Lieut. James Speed was a lieutenant in Cocke's Virginia Militia Eegi- ment, and was wounded at Guilford, March 15, 1781. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 61 14649 99 CHAKLES HENRY DICKEY, Lawyer, Honolulu; born August 12, 1842, at Ottawa, 111.; admitted February 20, 1907. Theophilus Lyle Dickey=Juliet Evans. Eev. James Henry Dickey Mary Depew. Eobert Diclcey=M.aTy Henry. James Henry=A.gnes Mitchell. Also: Eev. James Henry Dickey=Mary Depew. Samuel Depew=Mary Eose. John Ztepew=Catharine Shepherd. Also: Samuel Depew=Mary Eose. Capt. Alexander Eose= Also: Theophilus Lyle Dickey=Juliet Evans. Isaac Evans=Jane P. Morton. John Morton=Margaret Alexander. James Alexander=M.ary Peden. Robert Dickey was born in Albemarle Co., Va., November 25, 1745; died at South Salem, Ohio, May 21, 1817. He was a member of the Second South Carolina Provincial Congress, 1775-6, and was a light horseman in Capt. Thos. Kirkpatrick 's company in Col. Wm. Bratton's South Carolina regiment, and served with the wagon team as driver. James Henry enlisted November 4, 1775, in the Second South Carolina Eegiment under Lieut.-Col. Marion, and enlisted March 25, 1776, in the Sixth South Carolina Eegiment. John Depew was born in 1726, in Lud- low, England, and died April 21, 1811, in Botetourt Co., Va. He was an artificer in Capt. Henry Heth's Independent Company of Virginia troops, stationed at Fort Pitt in 1777 and 1778. Capt. Alexander Eose was a lieutenant in the Sixth Virginia, March 4, 1776, and was made captain in the Seventeenth Virginia in September, 1776. James Alexander was born in Ballymena, Ireland, and died in Fairview, South Carolina, about 1805. He was a recognized patriot, and had four sons who were sol- diers in the revolutionary cause. He was taken prisoner, chained to a cart and dragged forty-two miles in two days, the driver being ordered to whip him whenever he leaned on the cart to rest. At the siege of Augusta, Ga., he was placed, with other prisoners, in a bastion of Fort Cornwallis that was most exposed to the fire of the American batteries, one of which was manned by his own sons, thus being exposed to being killed by his own children. 4696 46 LYLE ALEXANDEE DICKEY, Lawyer, Honolulu; born March 26, 1868, at Whitehall, 111.; admitted May 6, 1896. Charles Henry Dickey Ann Elizabeth Alexander. Eev. William Patterson Alexander=Mary Ann McKinney. Descendant of Eobert Dickey, James Henry, John Depew, Capt. Alex- ander Eose, James Alexander, Col. William Chambers, and Mordecai Mc- Kinney. (See records of Charles Henry Dickey and William DeWitt Alexander.) 4657 7 FEANK STANWOOD DODGE, Civil Engineer, Honolulu; born in Beverly, Mass, October 31, 1854; admitted June, 1895. > Jonathan Stanwood Dodge=Charlotte Proctor Allen. William Allen 2d=Harriet Lee. William Allen lst= Hooper. William Allen 1st was born in Manchester, Mass., in 1750. He enlisted in the town militia in July, 1775, and served in the siege of Boston. 62 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY 18945 120 WILLIAM LEWIS EATON, collector, Honolulu; born July 14, 1848, at Waukegan, 111.; admitted December 18, 1907. Jeremiah Eaton=Huldah Howard. Jeduthan Eaton=Nancy Stone. David Eaton= David Eaton was born August 4, 1738, and died in 1808. He was a private in Capt. Oliver Shattuek's company in the regiment commanded by Lieut.-Col. Barnabas Sears of Hampshire Co., Mass., militia, in 1781. 4658 8 JOHN EFFINGEE, merchant, Honolulu; born in Peru, Indiana, April 1, 1861; admitted June, 1895. Kobert Patterson Effinger=Frances Ann Barbour. Samuel Effinger=Mary ]\oble. Capt. John Ignatius von Effinger=Ca,tberine Spatzer. Capt. John Ignatius von Effinger was born in Mannheim, Germany, December 1, 1756, and died at Woodstock, Virginia, August 31, 1839. He came to America with the troops of Hesse-Cassel, but immediately after his arrival, "fired with the love of liberty," he joined the Amer- ican army. He enlisted in 1778 as corporal in Capt. Bartholomew von Heer's Troop of Light Dragoons, when Washington was in winter quar- ters on the Schuylkill river in Pennsylvania, and served till the end of the war, August, 1783. He became a captain in the Corps of Life Guards, immediately attached to the person of Washington. 93/6 51 WALLACE EIDER FAEEINGTON, Editor, Honolulu; born in Orono, Maine, May 3, 1871; admitted September, 1896. Joseph Eider Farrington=Ellen Elizabeth Holyoke. Oliver Farrington=Hannah Eider. John Farrington #d Cynthia Hawes. John Farrington 2d enlisted as a private soldier in the Revolutionary War, from Massachusetts, and served for three or more years in the latter part of the war. He died September 30, 1843. 4659 9 WILLIAM JOSEPH FOEBES, accountant, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, October 8, 1866; admitted June, 1896. Anderson O. Forbes=Maria Jane Chamberlain. Levi Chamberlain=Maria Patton. Joseph Chamberlain==Lucy Whitney. Descendant of Joseph Chamberlain, Wilson Chamberlain, and Lieut. Jesse Whitney. (See record of Warren Chamberlain.) 20409 134 ROWLAND JAY GEEENE, Honolulu; born in Brookfield, N. Y., Novem- ber 16, 1836; admitted August 5, 1909. Eev. John Greene=Elizabeth Wells. Capt. John Greene=PruAence Saunders. Capt. John Greene was born in Hopkinton, R. I., and died in Hopkin- ton, R. I., in March, 1830. He was a captain in Col. Joseph Noye's Regi- ment of Militia of Rhode Island. 14642 92 EDWIN OSCAR HALL, Bangor, Maine; born in Honolulu, May 30, 1881; admitted October 29, 1906. William Wisner Hall=Elizabeth Archer Van Cleve. Edwin Oscar Hall=Sarah Lyons Williams. Owen Hall Sophia Sibley. Asa Sibley=Irene Carpenter. Col. Timothy Sibley=Aimie Waite. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 63 Also: William Wisner Hall=Elizabeth Archer Van Cleve. Horatio Pliillips Van Cleve=Charlotte Ouisconsin Clark. Major Nathan Clark=Charlotte Ann Seymour. Capt. Thomas Young Seymour=.Susam Bull. Lieut.-Col. Thomas Seymour=:M.aTy Ledyard. Col. Timothy Sibley was born in Sutton, Mass., November 2, 1727, and died in the same place December 6, 1818. He was a Colonel in the Revo- lutionary War; member of Committee of Safety in Sutton, 1776; Select- man, 1781-2, 1791-2; Assessor, Eepresentative in the Legislature, 1786- 1793, and many times Moderator. Lieut. -Col. Thomas Seymour was born at Hartford, Conn., 1735, and died at Hartford, 1829. He was appointed by the Assembly in 1776 as Lieut. -Col. of Light Horse. Capt. Thomas Young Seymour was born at Hartford, Conn., in 1757, and died in 1817. He was captain of Sheldon's Dragoons at Saratoga, and after the sur- render was escort to Burgoyne. 9380 55 WILLIAM LEWERS HOPPER, business manager, Honolulu; born in New York City, February 20, 1856; admitted January, 1897. James Alexander Hopper=Ellen Lewers. James Manwaring Hopper=Mary Falkner. Jacob Hopper=Lydia Manwaring. John Manwaring=Lydia Plumb. John Manwaring enlisted in the Revolutionary Army from New Lon- don, Conn., and was killed in battle at West Point, N. Y., February 22. 1782. 14644 94 PERLEY LEONARD HORNE, President Kamehameha Schools, Honolulu; born at Topeka, Kan., December 30, 1866; admitted December 1, 1906. John Blake Horne Mary White Tay. Samuel Horne=Lydia Ham Blake. William Blake=Elizabeth Wingate. Col. Joshua Wing at e= Abigail Roberts. Also: Samuel Horne=Lyuia Ham Blake. Otis Horne=Mary Coffin. Abner Co#%i:=Keziah Cromwell. Also: William Blake=Elizabeth Wingate. William Blake=Betsey Taylor. Also: Otis Horne=Mary Coffin. Ichibod Horne=Sarah Baker. Col. Otis Baker=Lydia Wentworth. Col. Joshua Wingate was born in Dover, N. H., July 28, 1725, and died in Littleworth, N. H., February 9, 1796. August 24, 1775, he was ap- pointed First Major of the Second New Hampshire Regiment. Septem- ber 1, 1775, the twelve New Hampshire Regiments were consolidated into four, and he was made Colonel of the First New Hampshire Regiment. November 2, 1775, he was at Fort Sullivan, Leavey's Island, and No- vember 8 was appointed to command 500 men raised for the defense of the forts on the Piscataqua river. In 1776 he was appointed Colonel of the Second New Hampshire Regiment, raised to reinforce Gen. Sullivan, who was to repel the enemy coming from Canada. Col. Wingate marched to Ticonderoga, and was stationed at Mt. Independence. In 1778 he led 64 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY a regiment, partly of Madbury men, in the Khode Island expedition under Gen. Sullivan. He was a representative from Dover in 1781 to the Second Constitutional Convention. Abner Coffin was born in New Hampshire, April 25, 1738. He was a private in Col. Badger's regiment, under Col. Baker; also in the Rochester, N. H., company of Col. Sar- gent's regiment, under Capt. Willey. William Blake was born in Epsom, N. H., in 1741, and died at Wakefield, N. H. He was a private in Capt. Daniel Gordon's company, Col. David Gilman''s regiment, and was pro- moted to sergeant. Col. Otis BaTcer was born in 1726, and died October 27, 1801. He was chosen December 21, 1775, a representative to the Revolutionary Legislature of New Hampshire, at Exeter, which resolved itself into an independent state government and elected him one of the judges of the Court of Common Pleas, which office he held until 1785, when he was elected a state senator. He was one of the New Hamp- shire Committee of Safety from 1776 to 1777, and he succeeded Col. John Wentworth of Somersworth in command of the old Second New Hampshire Regiment. 9390 65 CHARLES HUSTACE, JR., Honolulu; bora in Makawao, Maui, August 25, 1863; admitted March, 1898. Cnarles Hustace, Sen.=Louise Frances Bolles. David Hustace=Lucretia Grace Hempstead. Daniel B. Hempstead=Grace Lanpheer. James Lanpheer= Salstonstall. Also: Daniel Booth Hempstead=Grace Lanpheer. Samuel Booth Hempstead= Captain James Lanpheer was born in 1748. During the Revolutionary War he was sailing master of the frigate ' ' Trumbull, ' ' built at Nor- wich, Conn., which was commanded by James Nicholson, and was cap- tured by the "Gen. Monk" and the ''Iris" off the Capes of Delaware in August, 1781. He had also commanded a privateer, and about three weeks before New London was taken and burned in 1781, he had cap- tured and brought into that port an East Indiaman, with a valuable cargo, consisting of blankets, woolen goods, etc. His house, together with the rich booty which it contained, was burned by the order of Benedict Arnold. Samuel Booth Hempstead was born in 1755. On the 6th of September, 1781, when the British army under Gen. Benedict Arnold attacked New London, he was stationed in the redoubt near Fort Trumbull, which was attacked by the enemy at their first landing. In this engagement young Hempstead was wounaed in the hip and carried home by four comrades. He never recovered entirely from the effect of this wound. 20411 136 EDWIN AUSTIN JONES, clerk, C. Brewer & Co., Honolulu ; born at Hono- lulu, September 8, 1889; admitted September, 1910. Edwin Austin Jones=Isabelle Fuller. Peter Cushman Jones=Cornelia Hall. Peter Cushman Jones=Jane Mclntosh Baldwin. Josiah Baldwin=Jane Melntosh. Capt. Isaac BaZdwnn Eunice Jennison. Also: Josiah Baldwin=Jane Mclntosh. Peter Mdntosh=Zibbie Headon. Also: Peter Cushman Jones=Cornelia Hall. Edwin Oscar Hall=Sarah Lyons Williams. A descendant of Col. Timothy Sibley. (See record of Edwin Oscar HaU). SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 65 Capt, Isaac Baldwin was born in Sudbury, in 1736. He served with Stark in the French and Indian wars, in which he is said to have fought in twenty battles. As soon as he heard of the battles of Lexington and Concord, he formed a company of volunteers in Hillsborough, N. H., and hastened to the front. He arrived there in time to take part in the battle of Bunker Hill, in which he fell mortally wounded, at the head of his company. His name appears on the Bunker Hill bronze tablet facing Winthrop Square, Boston. Peter Mclntosh was Dorn October 6, 1756, at Boston, and died there November 23, 1846. He was an active member of the ' ' Sons of Liberty ' ' in Boston, and was employed in the Conti- nental Army as a gunsmith, etc., 1776 to 1780. 4663 (Formerly No. 123, California State Society) 13 JOHN WALTER JONES, stenographer, Honolulu; born in San Fran- cisco, September 1, 1866; admitted June, 1895. Harrison Jones=Isabella Murray Davies. Harrison Jones=Elizabeth Vaughan. John Claiborne Vaughan=Mary Clack. Dr. Claiborne Vaughan= Dr. Claiborne Vaughan was surgeon's mate in the Sixth Virginia Regiment, commissioned November 1, 1776, and transferred to the Con- tinental Dragoons in 1779. He was retained in Baylor's Regiment of Dragoons, November, 1782, and served in it to the close of the war. 860 (Formerly No. 259 Massachusetts State Society) 12 PETER CUSHMAN JONES, Banker, Honolulu; born at Boston, Mass., December 10, 1837; admitted June, 1895. Descendant of Col. Isaac Baldwin and Peter Mclntosh. (See record of Edwin Austin Jones.) 9379 54 ALBERT FRANCIS JUDD, Lawyer, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, De- cember 20, 1874; admitted January, 1897. Hon. Albert Francis Judd=Agnes Hall Boyd. Gerrit Parmele Judd=Laura Fish. Elias Fish=Sybil Williams. Lieut. Samuel Williams==H.anna}i Powers. Also: Gerrit Parmele Judd=Laura Fish. Elnathan Judd Betsey Hastings. Elnathan Judd= Capt. Thomas Judd of Westbury, Conn. (See record of George Robert Carter.) Also: Hon. Albert Francis Judd Agnes Hall Boyd. Rev. James Robert Boyd Elizabeth Moseley Camp. Col. Elisha Camp=:Sophia Hale. Col. Geo. Hale=Hope Moseley. Capt. Jonathan Bate Elizabeth Welles. Also: Col. Geo. Hale=Hope Moseley. Abner Moseley= Joseph Mosely= Captain Jonathan Hale was born in 1718, in Glastonbury, Conn. He served as captain of the Sixth Company of Col. Erastus Wolcott's regi- ment during the siege of Boston. He died March 7, 1776, when with the army at Jamaica Plains, Roxbury, Mass. Joseph Moseley served under Col. Gay in 1776. He was afterward in the Seventh Company of the Second Battalion under Col. James Wadsworth. 66 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY 20406 131 EEV. HENRY PEATT JUDD, pastor, Kahului, Hawaii; born in Albany, N. Y., March 15, 1880; admitted June 8, 1909. Albert Francis Judd=Agnes Hall Boyd. Descendant of Capt. Thomas Judd, Lieut. Samuel Williams, Capt. Jonathan Hale, and Joseph Moseley. (See records of George Robert Carter and Albert Francis Judd.) 18938 113 DR. JAMES ROBERT JUDD, surgeon, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, May 20, 1876; admitted September 5, 1907. Albert Francis Judd=Agnes Hall Boyd. Descendant of Capt. Thomas Judd, Lieut. Samuel Williams, Capt. Jonathan Hale, and Joseph Moseley. (See records of George Robert Carter and Albert Francis Judd.) 20401 126 HENRY ARTHUR JUEN, Honolulu; born in Stamford, Conn., February 14, 1865; admitted November 16, 1908. Henry Juen, Jr.=Emily M. Jones. Reynolds Jones=Albina Allen. William Allen=Mercy Stevens. William Allen=Rose Wayne. William Allen served as a private under his brother, Col. Ethan Allen; was at the capture of Fort Crown Point and Fort Ticonderoga. 93917312 66 ERNEST FROTHINGHAM KING, M.D., Washington, D. C.; born in Turner, Maine, November 29, 1858; admitted March, 1898. George Mellen Prentiss King=Mary Smith. Alonzo King=Miranda Prentiss. Samuel King=Sarah Hall. George !Tin<7=Elizabeth Shaw. Benjamin King=A.loisih Leonard. Benjamin King was a delegate to the Provincial Congress and a mem- ber of the Committee of Safety. Five of his sons served in the War of the Revolution. Sergeant George King was born in Raynham, Mass., November 27, 1744, and died in the same place, January 16, 1827. He was in the Company of Minute Men commanded by Capt. James Wilham, Jr., which marched from Taunton to Roxbury, April 20, 1775. He also served in Capt. Josiah Crocker's company, of Col. Carpenter's regiment, under Gen. Sullivan, in the Rhode Island campaign. 14623 83 SELDEN BINGHAM KINGSBURY, Judge Circuit Court, Second Circuit, Wailuku, Maui; born at Camden, Ohio, October 29, 1840; admitted July 20, 1906. Charles Bingham Kingsbury=Betsy Tennant. Lemuel Kingsbury=Ijovic,a, (Hutchins) Smith. Col. Benjamin Hutchins= Lemuel Kingsbury was born in Otis, Mass., November 20, 1759, and died in Wakeman, Ohio, December 20, 1844. He enlisted in the Revolu- tionary Army from Connecticut when a boy, and served to the end of the war as a private in the Eighteenth Connecticut Militia and Cornet Fifth Light Horse. Col. Benjamin Hutchins served in Connecticut Militia at West Point in 1780. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 67 4680 30 ANSEL KINNEY, Attorney, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, October 16, 1860; admitted October, 1895. William Kinney=Caroline Dailey. William Kinney=Orpah Bobbins. Joseph Bobbins 3rd=Hannah Baymond. Joseph Eobbins %d=. - Stephens. Joseph Bobbins 2d was born in Kingston, Mass., in 1757. He en- iisted in ivliddlebury, Mass., May 1, 1775, in Capt. Isaac Wood's company, under Col. Cotton, in Gen. Thomas' brigade, in which he served through the siege of Boston. In 1776 he re-enlisted in Gen. Heath's brigade for one year, and served in New York and New Jersey, taking part in the battles of Trenton and Princeton. In June, 1779, he enlisted again in the army under Gen. Sullivan, and served in the campaign in Western New York against the Indians. His name was on the Pension Bolls in 1838. 14645 95 BAYMOND HOTCHKISS LEACH, Assistant Superintendent Hawaiian Pineapple Company, Honolulu; born in Burton, Ohio, October 13, 1880; admitted December 1, 1906. Francisco Leach=Melissa Sanford. Solomon Leach=Harriet Fowler. Anson Fowler=Lois Hotchkiss. Caleb Fowler=M.ollie Chittenden. Jared Chittenden=Debora,h Stone. Also: Anson Fowler=Lois Hotchkiss. Isaac Hotchkiss=A.nn Spinning. Also: Caleb Fowler=Molly Chittenden. Ebenezer Fowler=Desire Bristol. Caleb Fowler was born in Guilford, Conn., December 31, 1755, and died in Burton, Ohio, October 12, 1822. He was a private in Capt. Elijah Humphrey's company, Col. Wm. Douglas' regiment, and also a private in Capt. Daniel Hand's company, Col. Talcott's regiment. He was on duty that memorable! Sunday at the battle of Monmouth. Out with a scouting party on North Biver, he captured a musket from the British while they were eating breakfast, which is now in the possession of his grandson Caleb. Jared Chittenden was born in Guilford, Conn., August 30, 1734, and died there February 12, 1824. He was a private in Capt. Daniel Hand's company, Col. Talcott's Connecticut Begiment, in 1776. Isaac Hotchkiss was born in Guilford, Conn., October 7, 1756, and died there August 24, 1835. He was a private in Capt. Noadiah Hooker's company, Col. Joseph Spencer's regiment, from May 4, 1775, to October 15, 1775; in Capt. Stephen Hall's company, Col. Herman Swift's regi- ment, May 26, 1777, to May 26, 1780; in Capt. Peter Vail's Company of Guards, stationed at Guilford for the defense of the seacoast, No- vember 14 to December 14, 1781. He was with Washington at Valley Forge. Ebenezer Fowler was born in Guilford, Conn., January 11, 1719, and died there February 9, 1800. He served as a private after the Lexington Alarm under Capt. Noah Fowler, and Ensigns John Hubbard and Stephen Hall forty-two days. 68 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY 9394 69 EBENEZEB PABKEB LOW, Supervisor, City and County of Honolulu; born in Honolulu, October 4, 1864; admitted October 21, 1898. John Somers Low=Martha Parker Fuller. Frederick Oilman Low=Eliza Davis. Joshua Gee Low=Lydia Somers. John Zow=Sarah Gee. John Low was Lieutenant-Colonel of the Militia Begiment from Gloucester, Mass., in 1775, and afterward was promoted to be Colonel. He was a member of the Committee of Safety; Bepresentative 1776-1781; and Delegate to the Convention to Batify the State and Federal Consti- tutions. 14640 90 JOHN STANLEY LOW, accountant, Kukuihaele, Hawaii; born in Hanalei, Hawaii, July 4, 1867; admitted September 24, 1906. John Somers Low=rMartha Parker Fuller. Descendant of Lieut. -Col. John Low. (See record of Ebenezer Parker Low.) 18941 116 FBEDEBICK DWIGHT LOWBEY, merchant, Honolulu; born, in Honolulu, June 6, 1885; admitted November 16, 1907. Frederick Jewett Lowrey=Cherilla Storrs. Frederick Canfield Lowrey=Alice L. Moore. Frederick Nathaniel Lowrey=Charlotte Haskins. Dr. Nathaniel Lowrey=Bebecca Canfield. Col. Samuel Caw/teZd=Elizabeth Judson. Also: Frederick Canfield Lowrey=Alice L. Moore. Bev. Harris Moore=Bebecca Smith. Jephthah Moore=Zilpah Jewett. Capt. Daniel Jewett=ZilpSih Hibbard. Also: Jephthah Moore=Zilpah Jewett. Capt. Abijah 3foore=Eunice Gibbs. Col. Samuel Can-field was born in Milford, Conn., April 26, 1726, and died August 17, 1797. He was Colonel of a Begiment of Connecticut troops, and was stationed one winter at West Point, N. Y., under Gen. McDougal, 1781-2. He was a Bepresentative in the Connecticut Legis- lature for about ten years, from 1769, and town clerk in Sharon, Conn., from 1792 till his death. Capt. Daniel Jewett was born February 27, 1744, and died in Putney, Vt., March 30, 1829. He was lieutenant of militia in a regiment from Cumberland Co., Vt., in 1776. He was after- ward captain of a company forming a part of the First Begiment Ver- mont Militia, commanded by Samuel Fletcher, and fought in the battle of Bennington. He moved to Putney in 1773, and represented that town thirteen years in the State Legislature. Capt. Abijah Moore was Cap- tain of Militia in the Lower Begiment of Cumberland Co., Vt., commanded Dy Col. William Williams, in 1776. 9384 59 FBEDEBICK JEWETT LOWBEY, merchant, Honolulu; born in Pittsfield, Mass., October 18, 1858; admitted May, 1897. Frederick Canfield Lowrey=Alice L. Moore. Descendant of Col. Samuel Canfield, Capt. Daniel Jewett, and Capt. Abijah Moore. (See record of Frederick Dwight Lowrey.) SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 69 18942 117 CLARENCE KUMUKOA LYMAN, Second Lieutenant, 4th U. S. Cavalry; born in Hamakua, Hawaii, February 28, 1882 ; admitted December 6, 1907. Eufus Anderson Lyman=Rebecca A. Brickwood. David Belden LymannzSarah Joiner. >avid Lyman=Rhoda P. Belden. David Lyman= David Lyman was born and died in Tollingford, Conn., and was a lieutenant in the First Connecticut Militia, and was honorably discharged to run a grist mill in New Hartford for the supply of the revolutionary troops. 14650 100 EUGENE HOLLIS LYMAN, Manager Pacific Soda Works, Hilo, Hawaii; born in Hilo, Hawaii, January 5, 1876; admitted April 1, 1907. Eufus Anderson Lyman=Rebecca A. Brickwood. Descendant of Lieut. David Lyman. (See record of Clarence Kumu- koa Lyman.) 18j26 101 FREDERICK SNOWDEN LYMAN, pineapple grower, Maunawai, Oahu; born in Honolulu, May 7, 1863; admitted April 17, 1907. Frederick Swartz Lyman=Isabella Chamberlain. David Belden Lyman=Sarah Joiner. Levi Chamberlajn=Maria Patten. Descendant of Lieut. David Lyman, Wilson Chamberlain, Joseph Chamberlain, and Lieut. Jesse Whitney. (See records of Clarence Ku- mukoa Lyman and Warren Chamberlain.) 4668 18 CURTIS JERE LYONS, Honolulu; born in Waimea, Island of Hawaii, June 27, 1833; admitted December 3, 1900. Lorenzo Lyons=Betsey Curtis. Dr. Jere Lyons=Mary Richards. benjamin Bichards=M.ary Belcher. Benjamin Richards was born in Stoughton, Mass., March 20, 1738, and died January, 1816. He was a private in Capt. Edw. Bridge Savel's company, Col. Robinson's regiment, which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775, from Stoughtonham, Mass. ; also in same company in Col. Gill's regiment on the alarm of March 4, 1776, and marched to Dorchester Hills. 2u402 127 ilENRY BREWSTER MARINER, Manager First Trust Co., Hilo, Ha- waii; born in Oakland, Cal., November 18, 1877; admitted November 18, 1908. Silas Henry Winthrop Mariner=Lucy Adelaide Parrott. Silas Marinei=Deborah T. Stanwood. Winthrop Stanwood=M.&ry Horton Curtis. Also: Silas Mariner=Deborah T. Stanwood. John Mariner==E,umGe Hannah. Winthrop Stanwood was born in Gloucester, Mass., September 6, 1761, and died at Cape Elizabeth, Maine, May 4, 1828. He was a private in Capt. John Kettell's company in Major Nathaniel Heath's detachment of guards; enlisted August 3, 1779; discharged September 30, 1779. Detached from militia for three months' service in and about Boston. 70 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Sergeant John Mariner was born in Falmouth, Mass., August 14, 1748. He enlisted as a private in Capt. Briant Morton's company under Col. Jonathan Mitchell, and was discharged November 25, 1776. He served on the seacoast at Cape Elizabeth, and built Fort Hancock where Fort ^ reble now stands. He was a sergeant under Capt. Pride, enlisting October 1, 1779. He served under Nathaniel Jordan near Portland, Maine. 9383 58 FEANCIS BLAKELEY McSTOCKEK, Manager Hawaiian Development Co., Honolulu; born in Philadelphia, 1854; admitted August, 1897. Francis Blakeley McStocker 3rd=Margaret Sarah Johnston. Francis Blakeley McStocker 2nd=Julia Hibbs. rirightwell Hibbs=Mary Geyer. Balzar Geyer= Balzar Geyer served as a private in George Honey's Company in the Northern Division of the City Guards of Philadelphia, Pa., commanded oy Lewis Nicholas, Mayor of the city, in 1/76. 20403 128 HOWAED CHAELES MOHE, Librarian, The Advertiser, Honolulu; born in Mohrsville, Pa., February 26, 1875; admitted November 18, 1908. Charles Shoemaker Mohr=Katherine Anna Kershner. Daniel Kershnei=Elizabeth Umbenhour. Samuel Umbenhour=Magdalen Leonard. Philip LeonarcfcElizabeth Shappelle. Jacob Leonard=A.nnB. Maria Krick. Also: Charles Shoemaker Mohr=Katherine Anna Kershner. Charles Huey Mohr=Sophia Shoemaker. Charles Shoemaker, Jr.=Elizabeth Kershner. Charles Shoemaker=M.a,Tia Kepner. Also: Daniel Kershner=Elizabeth Umbenhauer. John Kershner=Katharine Hart. Conrad Kershner, Jr. Catharine Eieser. Conrad Kershner, Sr.=Elizabeth Bertolette. Frederick Bertolette=Esther Levan. Abraham Levan= Also: Conrad Kershner, Jr.=Catharine Eieser. Jacob Rieser=Esiher Bertolette. Philip Leonard was born in York, Pa., August 25, 1746, and died in Lenhartsville, Pa., December 31, 1822. In 1781 he enlisted for a term of eighteen months in Col. Craig's Detachment, First Eegiment, which marched with the Pennsylvania Line. He was enrolled in Capt. Bower's company, and in 1782 transferred to Bower's company of the Second Eegiment. In 1783 he re-enlisted for a seven-months' term in Col. Eichard Butler's company in the Ninth Eegiment. Jacob Leonard was born in the Pfaltz, Germany, in 1736, and died in Lenhartsville, Pa., August 3, 1793. He enlisted as fifer in Capt. Jacob Lodich's company, Coi. Samuel Ely's battalion, Berks Co., Pa., militia, in 1781. Charles Shoemaker was born in Germantown, Pa., December 28, 1742, and died in Shoemakersville, Pa., April 27, 1820. He represented Berks County, Pa., as a member of the Provincial Conference for Pennsylvania held at Car- penter's Hall, Philadelphia, June 25, 1776, and was also a delegate from Berks County to the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia July 15, which continued by adjournment until September 28, 1776. In 1777 he was appointed one of the Justices of the County, serving until 1790. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 71 The State Assembly in December, 1777, appointed him to solicit sub- scriptions for the Continental Loan. In November, 1777, he acted as one of the commissioners assembled in New Haven to regulate the price of commodities in the Colonies. Abraham Levan was born in Oley Town- ship, Berks County, Pa., in 1698, and died there in 1781. He was ap- pointed Judge of the Court Martial, Fourth Battalion, Berks County, May 17, 1777. He also served as guard of prisoners of war in Capt. Geist 's Company, Fourth Battalion, Berks County Militia, guarding prisoners that had attempted to escape, and afterward guarding them from Beading to Lancaster, Pa. Conrad Kershner, Jr., was a private, January 20, 1777, in Capt. Nicholas Scheffer's Company, First Battalion, Berks County Militia. He was also in Capt. Eheim's Company, First Battalion, Berks County Militia, in 1781, when it was ordered on an ex- pedition to New Town, Bucks County, Pa. He was born in Heidelberg, Berks County, Pa., in 1755, and died in 1801, in Windsor, Pa. Jacob Eieser was born in Berne, Berks County, Pa., January 16, 1755, and died there December 27, 1815. He was a corporal in Capt. Nicholas Scheffer's Company, First Battalion, Berks County Militia, in 1777; private in Capt. Charles Gobin's Company, Sixth Battalion, Berks County Militia, under Col. Jos. Heister, August 10 to September 9, 1780; also in Capt. Miller's Company of Militia commanded by Col. Joseph Heister, May 31, 1781. 18950 125 FEED EOCKWELL NUGENT, Board of Health, Honolulu; born in Placervielle, Cal., October 26, 1873; admitted October 3, 1908. 3, 1908. Thomas Carr Nugent=Juliett Maria Eockwell. Peter King Eockwelk^Maria Dorcas Bell. William Uell=DoTc,a8 Forster. John .Forser=Catherine Dickey. William Bell was born in Lower Paxtang Township, Lancaster County, Pa., in 1744, and died in Erie, Pa., in September, 1813. He was captain of a company in the Lancaster County Battalion of Associators com- manded by Col. James Burd in 1776-1778. After the war he went to Erie and became judge of the courts and state senator. John Forster was born in 1725 and died in 1789. He served in the Lancaster Associa- tors in 1776 with his son-in-law, Capt. William Bell. 755 (Formerly No. 154, Massachusetts State Society.) 37 WILLIAM COOPEE PAEKE, Attorney, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, Sep- tember 19, 1865; admitted February, 1896. William Cooper Parke 2d=Annie Severance. William Cooper Parke Ist^Susan Wilde. Matthew Parfce=Judith Cooper. Matthew Parke was born in 1746, and died in Boston, Mass., in 1813. He was commissioned as Captain of Marines on the American Frigate Alliance in the fall of 1778. In January, 1779, he sailed in her to Brest, France. In February the Alliance was attached to the squadron of Com- modore John Paul Jones, and cruised in company with it until the famous engagement between the "Bon Homme Eichard" and the "Serapis," September 23, 1779. During this cruise the Alliance captured the "Bet- sey," 22 guns, and the "Union," 22 guns. After another cruise off the French coast, he sailed to Boston, Mass., in July, 1780. In February, 1781, he sailed again to L 'Orient, France. At the end of March the "Alliance" sailed on another cruise, in which she captured two Guernsey privateers, April 2, and on the 28th of May captured two brigs, the ' ' Atlanta ' ' and the ' ' Trepassy, ' ' after a severe action, in which she lost eleven killed and twenty-one wounded, and reached Boston in safety. In 1782, the "Alliance" fought her last battle while on a cruise to Havana. She was named in honor of the treaty of alliance made with France, and was always a favorite ship in the navy. 72 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY 14646 96 EENEST NAPELA PARKER, Humuula, Hawaii; born in Paauhau, Ha- waii, September 21, 1880; admitted February 13, 1907. Samuel Parker=Hattie Richardson. Ebenezer Parker=Kilia John P. Parker=Kipikane Samuel Parfcer=Ann Palmer. Ebenezer Porfcer=Mindwell Bird. Samuel Parlcer was born in Newton, Mass., October 25, 1742. He was a private in Capt. Amariah Fuller's company at the Lexington Alarm and a private in Capt. Phineas Cook's company, Lieut.-Col. Wm. Bond's Thirty-seventh Massachusetts Regiment. Ebenezer Parlcer was a private in Jeremiah Wiswall's company, Lexington Alarm, and served two days. 14636 86 SAMUEL PARKER, Honolulu; born in Kohala, Hawaii, May 7, 1853; admitted August 14, 1906. Ebenezer Parker=Kilia. Descendant of Samuel Parlcer and Ebenezer Parlcer. (See record of Ernest Napela Parker.) 14647 97 SAMUEL PARKER, JR., Manager Humuula Sheep Station Co., Kamuela, Hawaii; born at Waimea, Island of Hawaii, June 19, 1879; admitted February 13, 1907. Samuel Parker=Hattie Richardson. Descendant of Samuel Parlcer and Ebenezer Parlcer. (See record of Ernest Napela Parker.) 14631 81 CHARLES FRANCIS PARSONS, Judge Circuit Court, Fourth Circuit, Hilo, Hawaii; born in Mankato, Minn., January 18, 1872; admitted July 10, 1906. S. DeWitt Parsons=Frances White. Albert S. White^Harriet Randolph, 'inomas Mann Randolph=Harriet Wilson. Thomas Mann .RaneifoZp7i=Gabriella Harvie. Thomas Mann Eandolph was born in Tuckahoe, Va., in 1741, and died there November 19, 1793. He was a member of the Virginia House of Burgesses and of the Convention of 1776, and of the Colonial Committee of Safety. 9400 75 DE BLOIS PEARCE PENH ALLOW, master mariner, Wailuku, Maui; born in Honolulu, December 31, 1844; admitted December 23, 1901. David Pearce Penhallow=Mary Yeaton. Hunking Penhallow=Harriet Pearce. John Penhallow=Sarah Wentworth. Hunlcing Wentworth=Elizabeth Wibird. Also: Hunking Penhallow=Harriet Pearce. David Pearce= Hunking Wentworth, uncle of the then Royal Governor of New Hamp- shire, was Chairman of the First Committee of Safety, in the Revolution. David Pearce of Gloucester, Mass., born October 26, 1736, was a wealthy merchant and ship owner, and rendered important assistance to the Gov- ernment during the War of Independence. He had a number of priva- teers at sea, and assisted in equipping the frigate "Flora" and other vessels in the American Navy. A list has been published, which shows that he put 204 guns on board of thirteen privateers and national vessels. He died at Gloucester, March 16, 1818, aged 82 years. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 73 9396 71 HENEY BALCH PENHALLOW, Manager Wailuku bugar Co., Wailuku, Hawaii; born in San Francisco, CaL, December 2, 1877; admitted Feb- ruary, 1900. De Blois Pearce Penhallow=Eliza Otis Turner. Descendant of Huriking Wentworth and David Pearce. (See record of De Blois Pearce Penhallow.) 4693 43 JOHN SCOTT BOYD PEATT, President Board of Health, Honolulu; born in Geneva, N. Y., November 1, 1866; admitted April, 1896. James Hyde Pratt=Sophia Hale Boyd. Harry Pratt=Susan Cleveland. Capt. James Pratt= Also: James Hyde Pratt=Sophia Hale Boyd. James E. Boyd=Elizabeth Moseley Camp. Descendant of Capt. Jonathan Hale and Joseph Moseley. (See record of Albert Francis Judd.) Capt. James Pratt was born in 1753, and died in 1820. He assisted Ms twin brother, Capt. John Pratt, as commissary, from December 1, 1778, till after April, 1779, at Schoharie, N. Y., which was the commis- sary depot of the Continental Army during the Eevolutionary War. He also served in Capt. Charles Whitney's company of Col. S. B. Well's regiment. 18929 104 EOBEET uAMES PEATT, chief draughtsman, Honolulu Iron Works, Honolulu; born in New York City, October 28, 1860; admitted May 4, 1907. James Hyde Pratt Sophia Hale Boyd. Descendant of Capt. James Pratt, Capt. Jonathan Hale, and Joseph Moseley. (See records of John Scott Boyd Pratt and Albert Francis Judd.) 20410 135 EALPH JOSEPH EICHAEDSON; born in Minneapolis, Minn., December 14, 1886; admitted May 10, 1910. Walter Jay Eichardson=Sarah Sagar. Joseph Eichardson=Lydia Phelps Eead. Sampson Eead=Huldah Bisbee. Sampson Eead=Jane Ellis. Sampson Kead==Lydia Phelps. Also: Sampson Eead=Jane Ellis. Freeman Ellis=&Sir&h Bradford. Also: Sampson Eead Huldah Bisbee. Elisha Bisbee=M&ry Pettinghill. Charles Bisbee=Beulsh Rowland. Sampson Eead was born in Middlesex Co., Mass., May 13, 1754, and died in Westford, Mass., in 1777. He was a private in Capt. Jonathan Minott's company in Col. Baldwin's Massachusetts Eegiment. Freeman Ellis enlisted at Plympton, Mass., as corporal in Capt. John Bradford's company, Col. Theophilus Cotton's regiment, which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775, to Marshfield. He served as private, March 29, 1777, and marched to Bristol, Long Island, on an alarm, in Capt. Jas. Harlor's 74 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY company, commanded by Lieut. Elijah Bisbee, Jr., Col. Thos. Lothrop's regiment, Gen. Joseph Gushing 'a brigade. Elisha Bisbee was born in East Bridgewater, Mass., in 1757. He served fourteen days in Lexing- ton Alarm as private in Capt. Amos Turner's company, Col. John Bailey's regiment. He enlisted May 3, 1775, in same company and served three months and six days, at siege of Boston. September 20, 1776, he en- listed in Capt. Abram Washburn's company, Col. John Gushing 's regi- ment, and served fifty-nine days at Newport, R. I. In 1778 he was a private in Capt. Cole's company, Col. Jacob's regiment. He was a black- smith by trade, and made the chain that blocked the British from going up the Hudson river. Charles Bisbee died at Bridgewater, Mass. He served fourteen days in Lexington Alarm in Capt. Freeman Chamber- lain's company, Col. Bailey's regiment, and enlisted May 3, 1775, and served three months under same captain in Gen. John Thomas' regiment. In 1777 he served in Rhode Island in Capt. John Turner's company, in Col. Cotton's regiment. 18946 121 FEANK ADAMS RICHMOND, teacher; born in Marva, 111., December 6, 1876; admitted December 23, 1907. Alfred Richmond=Emily Adams. Horace Richmond Phoebe Eaton. Capt. Elias Richmond=Lucy Chaffee. Ephraim Richmond=A.nn Deane. Also: Horace Richmond=Phoebe Eaton. Asa Eaton, Jr.^Melinda Hitchcock. Asa Eaton= James Eaton= Also: Asa Eaton, Jr.=Melinda Hitchcock. Eldad Hitchcock=3ZstheT Hoar. Nathan Hoar= Also: .i^r. Alfred Richmond=Emily Adams. Dr. Samuel Adams=Mary Joanna Moulton. Isaac Adams=Olive Wight. Capt. Samuel Adams=~Lucy Spofford. Also: Isaac Adams=Olive Wight. Joel JFt#7it=rElizabeth Twitchel. Also: Dr. Samuel Adams=Mary Joanna Moulton. Dr. Jotham Tilden Moulton=Mary Joanna Farrar. Brig. Gen. Jotham Moulton=JoB.ima, Tilden. Col. Jeremiah Moulton=Ks.jni3ih Sayward. Also: Dr. Jotham Tilden Moulton=Mary Joanna Farrar. Humphrey Farrar=Lucy Farrar. Deacon Samuel Farrar (father of Lucy)=Lydia Barrett. Ephraim Richmond was born at Middleboro, Mass., in 1735, and died in Grafton, Vt., in 1816. He was a private in the Massachusetts Militia raised in Taunton, Mass. He had been a soldier in the French War, stationed at Cape Breton. James Eaton was a private in the Connecticut Line. Eldad Hitchcock was born in 1757 and died in 1829; was a Minute Man from Brimfield, Mass., at the Lexington Alarm. Nathan Hoar was SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 75 a private in the Massachusetts Militia. Capt. Samuel Adams was born in Boxford, Mass., August 22, 1750; died in Jaffrey, N. H., February 21, 1813. He was one of the men from Col. Enoch Kale's regiment who marched to Ticonderoga under command of Capt. Josiah Brown to re- inforce the Continental Army, May 6, 1777. Joel Wight was born in Medford, Mass., in 1741, and died in Gilead, Me., in 1824. He enlisted January 1, 1776, at Cambridge, Mass., and served one year as a private under Capt. Nathan Watkins, Col. Edmund Phinney, in the Massachusetts Continental Line. Obtained a pension in 1818 when totally blind. Brig. Gen. Jotham Moulton was born February 12, 1743, at York, Maine, and died May 12, 1777, in South Carolina of fever contracted while crossing the Carolina swamps. He was an officer of the crown, but threw up his commission to go into the Revolution. He was commissioned Au- gust 30, 1775, as Colonel of York County Militia, and January 30, 1776, as Brigadier General of a York County Eegiment to reinforce the Army at Ticonderoga. Col. Jeremiah Moulton was born January 17, 1713, and died July 16, 1777, in South Carolina of army fever. He was an officer of the crown before the Eevolution. He was a colonel in the Eevolution. Humphrey Farrar was born in Lincoln, Mass., February 28, 1740, and died in Colebrook, Mass. He was a private in Capt. Wm. Smith's com- pany, Col. Abijah Pierce 's regiment, and a Minute Man at Lexington. He was also a private in Capt. Hartwell's company, Col. Eliezer Brook's regiment, Massachusetts Militia, at Dorchester Heights, March 4, 1776. Deacon Samuel Farrar was born in Concord, Mass., September 28, 1708, and died April 17, 1783. He was chairman of the first Committee of Correspondence, which met at Middlesex, August 30, 1774; chairman of the first Committee of Safety, Concord; also member of the first Pro- vincial Congress, which met October 11, 1774. Although sixty-five years old, he responded to the call of Paul Eevere and took part in the battle of Concord. He was a private in Capt. Samuel Derby's company, Second Massachusetts Eegiment, under Col. John Bailey. 4667 17 LUTHEE SEVEEANCE, Librarian, Hilo; born in Augusta, Maine, June 1, 1836; admitted June, 1895. Luther Severance=Anna Hamlen. Elihu Severance=Tryphena Gunn. Moses Severance=JosLTLna French. Ensign Moses Severance was born in Deerfield, Mass., March 23, 1730; died at Montague, Mass., August 1, 1799. He enlisted, 1776, in Capt. Burke 's Company of Eangers, and afterward served in other companies. He was a delegate from Montague to the State Convention that passed on the ratification of the Federal Constitution. 4689 39 FEEDEEICK CAELOS SMITH, Passenger and Ticket Agent, O. E. & L. Co., Honolulu; born in New Haven, Conn., May 20, 1871; admitted March, 1896. Carlos Smith=Isabella Graham Maltby. Julius Maltby=Melinda Fowler. Solomon Fowler=Olive Douglas. Descendant of Col. William Douglas and Capt. Josiah Fowler. (See record of William Douglas Alexander.) 14630 80 JAEED GAGE SMITH, scientist, Honolulu; born in Sparta, N. Y., Sep- tember 13, 1866; admitted May 2, 1904. Prosper Adams Smith=Delia Spencer. Elisha Smith=Zeruiah Adams. Jesse ^4dams=:Zeruiah Cady. 76 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Jesse Adams was born in Canterbury, Conn., July 17, 1757, and died in Pawlet, Vt., in 1812. He was a private in Capt. Bacon's company under Col. Chester in 1776 in the Sixth Connecticut Battalion, Wads- worth's brigade. This battalion was raised in June, 1776, to reinforce "Washington in New York, and was stationed at the Fiatbush Pass on Long Island, August 26, and engaged in the battle the following day, narrowly escaping capture. It was engaged at White Plains, Octooer 28, and was in New Jersey at the time of the battle of Trenton, but not in the battle. 14639 89 JOHN ULEIC SMITH, lawyer, Hilo, Hawaii; born in Garibaldi, Oregon, April 30, 1868; admitted September 24, 1906. Sidney Smith=:Mianda Bayley. Daniel Dodge Bayley=Elizabeth Monson. Capt. Timothy .Bat/Zey Zeruiah Blodgett. Capt. Timothy Bayley died in 1824. He enlisted at New Lisbon, Graf- ton Co., N. H., at the beginning of the Revolutionary War and served seven years in the Continental Army. He rose to the rank of first lieu- tenant; was at Valley Forge and the surrender of Cornwallis at York- town. 20405 130 WALTER GIFFORD SMITH, journalist, Honolulu; born in Sherburne, N. Y., July 23, 1859; admitted May 27, 1909. Levi Nathaniel Smith=Sarah Katharine. John E. Smith=Hannah Knapp. Daniel Knapp Lucy Joshua Knapp=AbigSiil Bostwick Dibble. Joshua Knapp was born in Danbury, Conn., February 5, 1716, and died in the same place, August 8, 1798. He was a Minute Man of Danbury. 14038 88 FREDERICK GALEiN SNOW, dairyman, Glenwood, Hawaii; born in Ku- saie, Caroline Islands, March 9, ^858; admitted August 21, 1906. Benjamin Galen Snow=Lydia Vose Buck. Ebenezer Buck=rMehitable Vose. Thomas Vose=Mehitable Hay den. Josiah Eayden=Silence Howard. Capt. Josiah Hay den was born in Braintree, Mass., May 15, 1734, and died in Winslow, Maine, September 2, 1818. He served in Col. Bailey's Regiment of Minute Men, April 19 to May 1, 1775; then in Brig. Gen. Thomas' regiment. January 1, 1776, he was commissioned Major of the Twenty-third Regiment under Col. John Bailey, and commanded the regi- ment at the battle of Harlem Heights, September 16, 1776. 18935 110 JAMES TOWNSEND TAYLOR, civil engineer, Honolulu; born March 19, 1859, in Kona, Hawaii; admitted August 17, 1907. Townsend Elijah Taylor=Persis Goodale (Thurston) Taylor. Asa Thurston=Lucy Goodale. Abner Goodale=M.Q\\y Howe. EliaTcim jETowe=Rebecca Howe. Abner Goodale was born in Marlborough, Mass., August 22, 1755; died in the same town May 16, 1823. On the day of the battle of Lexington, April 19, 1775, he enlisted in Capt. Howe's company at Marlborough and marched to Cambridge, Mass., and there did duty until the expiration of his term of enlistment. He enlisted again in Decemoer, 1775, in Capt. Gate's company of militia in Col. Ward's regiment, and served in the campaign of White Plains, N. Y. EliaMm Howe was born in 1723 SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 77 in Marlborough, Mass.; died in 1805 in Brownfield, Maine. He was a signer of the Association Test Oath of New Hampshire, April 12, 1776, and on the Committee to fill the quota for the Continental Army. He was a member of the alarm list of Henneker, N. H., where he lived dur- ing the Eevolution. 4679 29 LOEBIN ANDEEWS THUESTON, President Hawaiian Gazette Co., Ltd., Honolulu; born at Honolulu, July 31, 1858; admitted October 5, 1895. Asa Goodale Thurston=Sarah Andrews. Eev. Asa Thurston Lucy Goodale. Descendant of Abner Goodale and Eliakim Howe. (See record of James Townsend Taylor.) 18949 124 EEV. EDWAED WAITE THWING, Agent International Eeform Bureau, Tientsin, China; born February 11, 1868, at Boston, Mass.; admitted September 4, 1908. Edward Pay son Thwing=Susan Maria Waite. Thomas Thwing=Grace Welch Barnes. Nicholas Thwing=^Ljdia, Stratton. John Thwing=SsiTah Chamberlain. Nicholas Thwing was born at Newton, Mass., July 16, 1762; died at the same place, November 10, 1841. He was a corporal in a company raised by the town of Newton for service in the Continental Army during 1780. His service was for six months. John Thwing was born March 11, 1732, at Cambridge, Mass.; died 1811 at Newton. He was a sergeant in Capt. Phineas Cook's company which marched April 19, 1775, at Cam- bridge, Mass., under command of Capt. Lieut. John Marean. 14648 98 EOBEET PAEKEE WAIPA, County Sanitary inspector, Honolulu; born May 15, 1856, at Hamakua, Hawaii; admitted February 13, 1907. Kameeiamoku Waipa=Mary Parker. John P. Parker=Kipikane. Descendant of Samuel Parker and Ebenezer Parker. (See record of Lrnest Napela Parker. 18932 107 EOBEET PAEKEE WAIPA, JE., Clerk Circuit Court, First Circuit, Hono- lulu; born in Mana, Hawaii, August 11, 1878; admitted May 14, 1907. Eobert Parker Waipa^Sarah Koa. Kameeiamoku Waipa=Mary Parker. Descendant of Samuel Parker and Ebenezer Parker. (See record of Ernest Napela Parker.) 18931 106 STEPHEN PAEKEE WAIPA, Honolulu; born in Honolulu, December 25, 1887; admitted May 14, 1907. Kameeiamoku Waipa=Sarah Koa. Descendant of Samuel Parker and Ebenezer Parker. (See record of Ernest Napela Parker.) 18934 109 ALBEET WATEEHOUSE, Pearl City, Hawaii; born in Honolulu, No- vember 17, 1879; admitted May 28, 1907. Henry Waterhouse=Julia Hawkins Dimond . Henry Dimond Ann Maria Anner. Jesse Dimond=Bethiah Marquand. Daniel Dimon=Lois Bradley. 78 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY Daniel Dimon was born in Fairfield, Conn., March 20, 1747, and died in Fairfield, September 6, 1808. He was ensign in Col. Samuel Whiting's Eegiment of Guards, being the fourth Eegiment of Connecticut Militia raised for the defense of the State, March, 1777. 9395 70 CHAELES BLODGET WELLS; born in Gloversville, N. Y., April 27, 1858; admitted 1899. Ward S. Wells=Helen Frances Blodget. James F. Blodget=Miriam Clarissa Eedington. John Redington=La,MTS, Wales. John Eedington was born in Boston, Mass., September 29, 1747, and died in Lawyersville, Schoharie Co., N. Y., April 12, 1830. He enlisted May 14, 1776, at Tolland, Conn., in Capt. Pryor's company of Col. Ward's regiment. After reaching New York, he entered Capt. Allen's Artillery company, in which he served till May, 1777. He took an active part in the capture of the Hessians at the battle of Trenton, December 25, 1776, and in the victory at Princeton, January 3, 1777. After he had been honorably discharged in May, 1777, at Chatham, N. Y., he served as one of Capt. Chamberlain's Horse, in the service of Connecticut, and was present at the surrender of Gen. Burgoyne, October 17, 1777. He served through three annual enlistments, under Capt. James Dana, and while in that service in 1781 was taken prisoner by the Hessians at Horse Neck, near Greenwich, Conn. With several other prisoners, he was driven bare- footed over the frozen, snow-covered ground for thirty miles, into the City of New York. There he was imprisoned for two months in the 1 'Old Sugar House." At the close of the war he removed to Schoharie Co., N. Y., where he resided until his death. 4669 19 GEEEIT PAEMELE WILDEE; born in Honolulu, November 5, 1863; ad- mitted June, 1895. Samuel Gardner Wilder=Elizabeth Kinau Judd. Dr. Gerrit Parmele Judd=Laura Fish. Descendant of Lieut. Samuel Williams and Capt. Thomas Judd. (See record of Albert Francis Judd.) 14629 79 NATHAN CEOSBY WILLFONG, Tax Assessor, Hilo, Hawaii; born March 2, 1853, at Hana, Hawaii; admitted May 2, 1904. George W. Willfong=Mary C. Benson. David Willfong=Susan Champe. John Champe=Sus3,n Barnard. John Champe was born in 1752 in Loudon Co., Va., and died in 1798 in Kentucky. He enlisted in Lee's Legion in Loudon Co., Va., and was promoted to sergeant-major. At Gen. Harry Lee's suggestion, approved by Gen. Washington, October 20, 1780, he undertook the capture of the traitor Gen. Arnold in New York City. In company with other Amer- icans, he rented a dwelling adjoining Arnold's. They laid plans to gag and remove him, but were frustrated by Clinton's hasty order for em- barkation, which took place on the day of the night in which the arrest was to have been made. He went south in the same squadron, having enlisted in Arnold's regiment, and escaped from the British lines and reported to Gen. Washington. At Washington 's advice he resigned from the army before the end of the war. His intrigue had become known and the condition of affairs between the two armies was such that no influence could have saved him from a spy's death in case of his capture. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 79 20408 133 EAEL HERBERT WILLIAMS, clerk, Hilo, Hawaii; born in Kapulena, Hawaii, April 9, 1888; admitted July 17, 1909. Charles Williams=Harriet Luukia. Henry Williams=Mary Kanealii. Jesse Williams=Roxana Obed Williams= Obed Williams was a private from Waterbury, Conn., in the Fifth Com- pany of the First Regiment of Connecticut Militia, and was at the siege of Boston. He afterward enlisted again in the Connecticut Line under Capt. Smith, and was discharged May 28, 1780. 3485 93 DAVID LITTLE WITHINGTON, attorney-at-law, Honolulu; born in Newbury, Mass., February 2, 1854; admitted November, 1906, by trans- fer from California Society. Nathan Noyes Withington=Elizabeth Little. Tristram Little=Sarah Little. David Little Abigail Noyes. John Noyes=Sarah Little. Col. Moses Little=Abigail Bailey. Col. Moses Little was born in 1724 at Newbury, Mass., and died at Newbury, May 27, 1798. He was captain of a company of Minute Men which marched on alarm of April 19, 1775, to Cambridge, Mass. He was colonel of the Seventeenth Massachusetts Regiment, commissioned May 1, 1775, and in service at the battle of Bunker Hill. He was colonel of the Twelfth Continental Infantry in 1776 in Major-General Greene's division of the Continental Army, and at Flatbush Pass in the disastrous battle of Long Island, and at Harlem Heights. June 16, 1777, he was com- missioned Brigadier General and appointed to command forces destined for Nova Scotia, but declined the appointment on account of broken health occasioned by his services in the last campaign. He represented Newbury, Mass., in the General Court, 1777-1781. 18944 119 JAMES FRANK WOODS, proprietor Kahua Ranch, Mahukona, Hawaii; born November 16, 1875, at Kohala, Hawaii; admitted December 6, 1907. James Woods=Mary Parker. John Parker=Hanai. John P. Parker=Kipikane. Descendant of Samuel ParTcer and Ebenezer ParTcer. (See record of Ernest Napela Parker.) 14637 87 PALMER PARKER WOODS, rancher, Kohala, Hawaii; born August 31, 1870, at Kohala, Hawaii; admitted August 14, 1906. James Woods=Mary Parker. Descendant of Samuel Parker and Ebeneser ParTcer. (See record of Ernest Napela Parker.) 18930 105 SAMUEL PARKER WOODS, pineapple grower, Kohala, Hawaii; born February 19, 1877, at North Kohala, Hawaii; admitted May 4, 1907. James Woods=Mary Parker. Descendant of Samuel Parker and Ebenezer ParTcer. (See record of Ernest Napela Parker.) 80 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY MEMBEES HAWAIIAN SOCIETY SONS OF THE AMEEICAN EEVOLUTION. 1 4641 Alexander, William DeWitt 2 4652 Alexander, William Douglas 76 14626 Amweg, Frederick J. 3 4653 Atherton, Charles Henry 68 9393 Atherton, Frank Cooke 82 14632 Austin, Charles Jonathan 112 18937 Axtell, Josephus Carlisle 11518940 Axtell, Eaymond Carlisle 91 14641 Baldwin, Erdmann Dwight 35 4685 Ballou, Sidney Miller 114 18839 Banning, Bernhard Eudolf 122 18947 Bicknell, James 62 9387 Bond, Dr. Benjamin Davis 38 4688 Bond, Elias Cornelius 129 20404 Bosson, Charles Lewis 12318948 Bray, Isaiah 22 4672 Bromley, Walter Hall 7714627 Bruner, William Woodworth 138 20413 Canfield, Ira Day Parsons 5 4655 Carter, George Eobert 60 9385 Castle, George Parmalee 53 9378 Castle, William Eichards 33 4683 Chamberlain, Warren 34 4684 Chamberlain, William Warren 73 9398 Clark, Ernest Brooks 137 20412 Coburn, Harrie Cutler 20 4670 Cooke, Amos Francis 64 9389 Cooke, Clarence Hyde 8514635 Cooke, George Paul 103 18928 Cooke, Joseph Platt 61 9386 Cooper, Dr. Charles Bryant 102 18927 Damon, Samuel Mills 84 14634 Davis, Gen. Edward 99 14649 Dickey, Charles Henry 46 4696 Dickey, Lyle Alexander 7 4657 Dodge, Frank Stanwood 7814628 Dow, Herbert Manchester 120 18945 Eaton, William Lewis 8 4658 Effinger, John 51 9376 Farrington, Wallace Eider 9 4659 Forbes, William Joseph 134 20409 Greene, Bowland Jay 9214642 Hall, Edwin Oscar 55 9380 Hopper, William Lewers 94 14644 Home, Perley Leonard 65 9390 Hustace, Charles, Jr. 136 20411 Jones, Edwin Austin 13 4663 Jones, John Walter 12 860 Jones, Peter Cushman 126 20401 Juen, Henry Arthur 54 6996 Judd, Albert Francis 131 20406 Judd, Eev. Henry Pratt 113 18938 Judd, Eobert James 1508 Punahou St. 1508 Punahou St. 700-5 Marston Bldg., San Francisco 706 S. King St. 2234 Kamehameha Ave. Nahiku, Hawaii P. O. Box 642 1048 Alakea St. Judd Bldg. 910 Colorado Bldg., Wash- ington, D. C. C/o J. A. Magoon P. O. Box 798 Kohala, Hawaii Ferumand ave. nr. Aj.anoa rd. Dewey House, 4th and How- ard Sts., San Francisco Quarantine Station 1726 Anapuni St. 180 Perry St., Oakland, Cal. Honolulu 472 Judd St. Stangenwald Bldg. 37 Merchant St. Spencer St. Wilder av. cor Spencer av. Bank of Hawaii Eleele, xvauai 202 McCandless Bldg. 1646 Keeaumoku St. Kauluwai, Molokai Stangenwald Bldg. 1141 Alakea St. C/o Bishop & Co. 1522 Hastings St. 1 Campbell Block 1 Campbell Block 1808 Punahou St. 105 Dearborn St., Chicago C/o Evening Bulletin Alexander Young Bldg. Evening Bulletin Punahou and Young Sts. llth Avenue Bangor, Maine 1802 Keeaumoku St. Kamehameha Schools 880 S. Beretania St. Honolulu 1536 Kewalo St. 205 McCanaless Bldg. 1189 Alakea St. 622 Judd St. Kahului, Maui 927 Prospect St. SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 81 66 9391 King, Dr. Ernest Frothingham 83 14633 Kingsbury, Hon. Selden Bingham 30 4680 Kinney, William Ansel 9514645 Leach, Bay Hotchkiss 69 9394 Low, Ebenezer Parker 9014640 Low, John Stanley 116 18941 Lowrey, Frederick Dwight 59 . 9384 Lowrey, Frederick Jewett 117 18942 Lyman, Clarence Kumukoa 100 146oO Lyman, Eugene Hollis 101 18926 Lyman, Frederick Snowden 18 4668 Lyons, Curtis Jerre 127 20402 Mariner, Henry Brewster 58 9383 McStocker, Frank Blakeley 128 20403 Mohr, Howard Charles 12518950 Nugent, Fred Eockwell 37 755 Parke, William Cooper 9614646 Parker, Ernest Napela 86 14636 Parker, Samuel 9714647 Parker, Samuel, Jr. 81 14631 Parsons, Hon. Charles Francis 75 9400 Penhallow, Capt. De Blois Pearce 71 9396 Penhallow, Henry Balch 43 4693 Pratt, John Scott Boyd 10418929 Pratt, Eobert James 135 20410 Eichardson, Ealph Joseph 121 18946 Eichmond, Frank Adams 17 4667 Severance, Luther 39 4689 Smith, Frederick Carlos 8014630 Smith, Jared Gage 8914639 Smith, John Ulric 13020405 Smith, Walter Gifford 88 14638 Snow, Frederick Galen 110 18935 Taylor, James Townsend 29 4679 Thurston, Lorrin Andrews 124 18949 Thwing, Eev. Edward Waite 98 14648 Waipa, Eobert Parker 107 18932 Waipa, Eobert Parker, Jr. 10618931 Waipa, Stephen Parker 31 4681 Walton, Clarence Munroe 109 18934 Waterhouse, Albert 70 9395 Wells, Charles Blodget 19 4669 Wilder, Gerrit Parmiie 79 14629 Willfong, Nathan Crosby 13320408 Williams, Earl Herbert 93 3485 Withington, David Little 45 4695 Wood, Dr. Clifford Brown 119 18944 Woods, James Frank 87 14637 Woods, Palmer Parker 10518930 Woods, Samuel Parker Washington, D. C. Wailuku, Maui 303 Stangenwald Bldg. C/o Hawaiian .fine apple Co. 1826 S. King St. C/o Hawaiian Irrigation Co., Kukuihaele, Hawaii 177 S. King St. 177 S. King St. 2d Lt., 4th Cav., Fort Eiley, Kansas Hilo, Hawaii Maunawai, Oahu 1508 Alexander St. C/o Hawaiian Trust Co. 1044 Lunalilo St. C/o Hawaiian Gazette Co. 471 S. Hotel St. 309 Judd Bldg. Humuula, Hawaii 1471 Emma St. Humuula, Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii C/o H. B. Penhallow, Wai- luku, Maui Wailuku, Maui 2048 Nuuanu Ave. P. O. Box 414 P. O. Box 677 6015 Kimbark Ave, Chicago Hilo, Hawaii Keeaumoku St. nr Wilder Av Vancouver Highway Hilo, Hawaii C/o Star, Honolulu Olaa, Hawaii P. O. Box 799 505 Stangenwald Bldg. Tien-tsin, China Parker juane Parker Lane 1471 Fort St. Pahala, Hawaii Judd Bldg. 1930 Ualakaa St. Hilo, Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii 37 Merchant St. 166 Thurston Ave. Mahukona, Hawaii Kohala, Hawaii Mahukona, Hawaii 82 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY INDEX OF KEVOLUTIONAKY WAR ANCESTORS. ANCESTOR. PAGE Adams, Jesse 75 Adams, Capt. Samuel 74 Alexander, James 61 Allen, William 61 Allen, William 66 Antes, Capt. Henry 57 Axtell, Major Henry 55 Baker, Col. Otis 63 Baldwin, Abial 53, 55 Baldwin, Capt. Isaac 64, 65 Bayley, Capt. Timothy 76 Bell, Capt. William 71 Bisbee, Charles 73 Bisbee, Elisha 73 Blake, William 63 Bond, Col. William 56 Bray, William 57 Bromley, William 1st 57 Bromley, William 2d 57 Canfield, Col. Samuel 68 Chamberlain, Joseph 58, 59, 62, 69 Chamberlain, Wilson 58, 59, 62, 69 Chambers, Col. William 52, 53, 61 Champe, John 78 Chapman, Rev. Benjamin 5 Chenery, Dr. Isaac 6 Chittenden, Jared .- 67 Clark, Edward 54, 5 Coffin, Abner 63 Collins, Thomas 57 Cooke, Col. Joseph Platt . . . , 53, 54, 59, 60 Cutler, Ebenezer 59 Depew, John 6 Dickey, Robert P* Dimon, Ensign Daniel '' Douglas, Col. William 52 > 5o > 7 Eaton, David "2 Eaton, James J* von Effinger, Capt. John Ignatius ) ^ Ellis, Freeman '* Farrar, Humphrey '^ Farrar, Samuel 74 Farrington, John 2d J|2 Fenn, Capt. Theophilus ^ Ferguson, Capt. John 5 Forster, John 71 Fowler, Caleb 67 Fowler, Ebenezer 67 Fowler, Capt. Josiah 53, 55, 75 Geyer, Balzar 70 Goodale, Abner 76, 77 Green, Capt. John 62 Hale, Capt. Jonathan 65, 66, 73 Hamilton, Capt. John 55 Hayden, Capt. Josiah 76 SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION. 83 ANCESTOR. PAGE Hempstead, Samuel Booth 64 Henry, James 61 Hitchcock, Eldad 74 Hotchkiss, Isaac 67 Hoar, Nathan 74 Hobbs, Jacob 56 Howe, Eliakim 76, 77 Hubbard, Israel 53, 54, 59, 60 Hutchins, Col. Benjamin 66 Jencks, Capt. Eleazar 55 Jewett, Capt. Daniel 68 Jones, Lieut.-Col. Jonathan 57 Judd, Capt. Thomas 58, 65, 66, 78 Kershner, Conrad, Jr 70 King, Benjamin 66 King, Sergt. George 66 Kingsbury, Lemuel 66 Kittredge, Solomon 54, 59 Knapp, Joshua 76 Lanpheer, Capt. James 64 Leonard, Jacob 70 Leonard, Philip 70 Levan, Abraham 70 Little, Col. Moses 79 Low, Lieut.-Col. John 68 Lyman, Lieut. David 69 Manwaring, John 63 Mariner, Sergt. John 69 Mclntosh, Peter 64, 65 McKinney, Lieut. Mordecai 52, 53, 61 McMeyer, Gen. Andrew 60 Montague, Capt. Caleb 53, 54, 59, 60 Moore, Capt. Abijah 68 Mosely, Joseph 65, 66, 73 Moulton, Col. Jeremiah 74 Moulton, Brig.-Gen. Jotham 74 Parke, Capt. Matthew 71 Parker, Ebenezer 72, 77, 79 Parker, Samuel 72, 77, 79 Parsons, Stephen 57 Pearce, David 72, 73 Penniman, Corp. James 60 Pratt, Capt. James . 73 Eandolph, Thomas Mann 72 Bead, Sampson 73 Eedington, John 78 Eichards, Benjamin 69 Eichmond, Ephraim 74 Eieser, Corp. Jacob 70 Bobbins, Joseph 2d 67 Eose, Capt. Alexander 52, 53, 61 Severance, Ensign Moses 75 Seymour, Lieut.-Col. Thomas 63 Seymour, Capt. Tnomas Young 63 Shoemaker, Charles 70 Sibley, Col. Timothy 62, 64 Speed, Lieut. James 60 84 HAWAIIAN SOCIETY ANCESTOR. PAGE Stanwood, Winthrop 69 Starr, Capt. Thomas 53, 54, 59, 60 Tenney, Jesse . . . . 5& Thwing, Sergt. John 77 Thwing, Corp. Nicholas 77 Vaughan, Dr. Claiborne 65 Wentworth, Hunking 72, 73 Wesson, Ephraim 54, 59 Whitney, Lieut. Jesse 58, 59, 62, 69 Wight, Joel 74 Williams, Obed 79 Williams, Lieut. Samuel 58, 65, 66, 78 Wingate, Col. Joshua 63 OFFICERS OF ALOHA CHAPTEE, D. A. K. 19111912. MRS. PERLEY L. HORNE, Regent MRS. J. B. ATHERTON, Vice-Regent Miss AGNES E. JUDD, Recording Secretary MRS. S. H. DOUGLASS, Corresponding Secretary Miss A. M. Dow, Treasurer MRS. C. H. DICKEY, Registrar MRS. C. H. ATHERTON, Historian MRS. W. W. HALL, Chaplain NAMES OF MEMBERS. Mrs. W. D. Alexander Mrs. W. W. Hall Mrs. C. H. Atherton Mrs. Perley L. Home Mrs. J. B. Atherton Mrs. Agnes H. B. Judd Miss Kate M. Atherton Miss Agnes E. Judd Mrs. Frank Batchelor Mrs. A. F. Knudsen Mrs. H. P. Beckley Mrs. Win. Lambert Mrs. Alice M. Bradstreet Miss Frances A. Lemmon Mrs. W. A. Bryan Mrs. A. Lewis, Jr. Mrs. D. H. Case Mrs. James Lyle Mrs. W. R. Castle Miss A. S. Marsh Miss M. A. Chamberlain Mrs. Malcolm Macintyre Mrs. W. A. Clarke Mrs. A. M. Merrill Mrs. J. P. Cooke Mrs. W. L. Moore Mrs. S. M. Damon Miss Harriet Needham Mrs. C. H. Dickey Mrs. A. W. Rice Mrs. S. H. Douglass Mrs. M. F. Scott Miss Abbie M. Dow Mrs. W. O. Smith Mrs. A. Gartley Miss Harriet Waipa Mrs. J. W. Girvin Miss Isabelle Woods Miss Charlotte V. C. HaU The CROSS of the SOCIETY of the SONS of the AMERICAN REVOLUTION MADE AND SOLD EXCLUSIVELY BY THE OFFICIAL JEWELEKS & 902 PRICES : CEREMONIAL BADGE (REGULATION SIZE) ( 1 ) Eagle and front and back of 14kt. gold - (2) Entirely of gilded silver and enamel - MINIATURE BADGE (1 ) Eagle and front and back of 14kt. gold - ( 2 ) Entirely of gilded silver and enamel - - - - $20.00 9.00 $10.00 5.00