LIEUTENANT Joshua Hewes A NEW ENGLAND PIONEER UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES AND SOME OF HIS DESCENDANTS 4 i 4 Bl/ ; 1 ■ £ ^^t ' -S; ■ .• ■ '-: 1 J» m : ll "**" "' ■■J ^fl ■r \ 1 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES A NEW ENGLAND PIONEER AND SOME OF HIS DESCENDANTS WITH MATERIALS FOR A GENEALOGICAL HISTORY OF OTHER FAMILIES OF THE NAME AND A SKETCH OF JOSEPH HEWES THE SIGNER EDITED AND CHIEFLY COMPILED BY EBEN PUTNAM Member California Genealogical Society, etc. PRIVATELY PRINTED 1913 J. F. TAPLEY CO. NEW YORK esq CONTENTS PAGE Preface, by David Hewes X1 Introduction xv Origin and Distribution of the Name, Hewes, Hughes, Huse 1 John Hewes of Royston, and Some Account of the Foote Family ® Lieut. Joshua Hewes of New England 19 Joshua Hewes of Boston, and His Immediate Descendants . 91 Descendants of John Hewes of Lynnfield, Mass 143 David Hewes of California, an Autobiography 225 Joseph Hewes, a Signer of the Declaration of Independence 265 Descendants of George Hewes of Salisbury, Mass. . . .311 Descendants of Abel Huse of Newbury, Mass 371 Notes on the Occurrence Prior to 1800 of the Name Hewes, Huse, Hughes in the United States. Massachusetts, 399. Essex County, 400. Middlesex County, 404. Suf- folk County, 408. Boston, 421. Western Massachu- setts and Miscellaneous, 425. Plymouth Colony, 428. Connecticut, 433. New Hampshire, 440. Vermont, 449. Maine, 450. Rhode Island, 453 399 Soldiers in Colonial Wars from New England .... 455 Other Families — Pension Records. Pennsylvania, 462. New York, 465. Virginia, 468. The Carolinas, Alabama and Georgia, 484 462 Pensioners, War of 1812 493 Appendix I- Anna Maria Lathrop 507 Appendix II. Letters Written by Mrs. Ruthe Tapley Hewes Swain to Her Son, David Hewes, 1850-1851 . . . .518 Appendix III. The Righteous Remembered — In Memoriam — Col. Joel Hewes 541 Appendix IV. Notes on the New England Ancestry of Col. Joel and Ruthe (Tapley) Hewes 545 The Tapley Family, 545. The Putnam Family, 550. De- scent of Ruthe Tapley from Charlemagne, Alfred the Great, and Henry the Fowler, Emperor of Germany, 554. The Norden and Copp Families, 555. The John- son Family, 560. The Smith Family, 563. The Well- man Family, 565. The Cogswell Family, 569 . Appendix V. The Last Spike 571 Appendix VI. The David Hewes Building, San Francisco . 583 Addenda et Corrigenda 599 Index 605 1973! ILLUSTRATIONS David Hewes of Orange, Calif Frontispiece Tabular Pedigrees. facing page Partial Pedigree of Foote, showing connections of Lt. Joshua Hewes 1~ Pedigree of Goldstone 38 Royal Descent of Mrs. Ruth (Tapley) Hewes 554 Coat-armor. Hughes of Gwerclas, Wales; Heugh of Kent, Hewes of Somerset- shire, Hewes of London 6 Arms of Lathrop 512 Autographs. Joel Hewes, Ruth Hewes, Jacoh Wellman Hewes, James Hewes, David Hewes, Samuel Hewes, George Hewes, Edmond Dolhear . 122 Lieut. Joshua Hewes Homestead 20 Site of Lieut. Joshua Howes Homestead, Roxhury 28 Plan of Roxhury, 1650 ' 44 Site of First Free School in Roxhurv 54 "Charter" of the Iron Works, 1645 64 Page from the Ledger of the Hammersmith Forge 66 Page from the Ledger of the Braintree Furnace 68 Power of Attorney given by Lieut. Joshua Hewes, 1663 76 Gravestone of Lieut. Joshua Hewes 84 Plan of Old Boston, showing Hewes Sites 92 St. Paul's Cathedral, Boston 100 John Hewes of Lynnfield, 1711-1817 143 Page from the Genealogical Record of Jacoh Wellman Hewes . . . 144 Mrs. Ann (Wellman) Hewes, 1748-1824 146 Family Record from Bible of Col. Joel Hewes 154 Jacob Wellman Hewes, Joshua Hewes 160 Joshua Hewes (No. 38), Daniel Hewes (No. 39) 162 James Hewes of Lynnfield, John Hewes of Cincinnati 170 Jeremiah Coney, .Mrs. Sophia (Hewes) Coney 176 Joel Hewes. Jr.. Mrs. Sarah (Marsh) Hewes 180 Aaron Tapley Hewes. Mrs. Ixmisa (Smith) Hewes 182 Mrs. Clarissa (Emerson) Cox 184 Benjamin Cox. Mrs. Mary Ann (Hewes) Cox 186 Ebenezer Tilden Abbott, Mrs. Ruthe (Hewes) Abbott 188 Rev. Charles Wesley Hewes, Mrs. Rosa Miller (Grafton) Hewes . . 190 David Hewes, Mrs.' Matilda C. (French) Hewes 194 Ranch House. Orange, Calif 196 Hewes Park, Orange, Calif 198 El Campanil, Mills College, with Chime of Bells given by David Hewes . 200 Susan Lincoln Mills, Luella Clay Carson 202 George C. Richards, Mrs. Lucy' Ann (Hewes) Richards 204 Orrin Hewes (No. 17), George Warren Hewes (No. 36) 206 Mrs. Mary Cleveland (Hewes) Peahody 208 Henrv Augustus Hewes (No. 80), George Warren Hewes (No. 79) . 210 Rev. Granville S. Abbott 214 Mrs. Susan H. Abbott 218 David Hewes, 1854 225 Allen Rowe, Mrs. Phebe Lvnde Rowe, The Rowe Homestead . . . 228 David Hewes, at Andover ; About 1855; About 1860; About 1869 . . 232 Destruction of Sacramento, 1852 236 x ILLUSTRATIONS FACING PAGE The Pluto, The California Pony; Pioneer Engines 241 The Oregon Pony 242 Hewes Market, Los Angeles: Hewes Building, San Francisco, destroyed 1906 246 Billhead used by David Hewes prior to 1860 248 The Golden Spike 250 Award to David Hewes, and Stockholder's Ticket, Lewis and Clark Cen- tennial Exposition 256 Presbyterian Church at Tustin, Calif 258 Residence of David Hewes at Tustin, Calif 260 Hewes Market, Los Angeles, Calif 262 Plan of David Hewes' Ranch — Anapauma, — Orange, Calif 264 Joseph Hewes, Signer of the Declaration of Independence .... 278 Site of Tan-yard of George and Robert Hewes, Boston 318 Liberty Tree. Boston 322 Dr. Joseph Hewes House, Providence, R. 1 326 Shubael Hewes House, Boston 330 George Robert Twelve Hewes 334 The Boston Tea Party 338 Green Dragon Tavern, Boston 342 Mary Washington Monument 468 David Hewes, Mrs. Anna M. (Lathrop) Hewes 507 Lathrop Homestead, Albany, N. Y 508 Leland Stanford, Mrs. Jane L. Stanford, Leland Stanford, Jr. . . . 512 Lathrop Memorial, Albany, N. Y 516 Mrs. Ruthe (Tapley) Hewes 518 Rev. Charles W. Hewes, David Hewes, Rev. G. S. Abbott, C. W. Coney, About 1860 520 Lemon Label, Hewes Park Brand 528 Orange Label, Transcontinental Brand 534 Samplar Worked by Sophia (Hewes) Conev, 1818 536 The Tapley Tomb" at Lynnfield, Mass. ." 548 Site of Johnson-Hewes House, Boston 560 Driving the Last Spike, from a painting by Thomas Hill .... 572 Key to Painting of Driving the Last Spike 574 Thomas Hill .".... 580 David Hewes Building, San Francisco; Main Entrance, Steel Skeleton, Floor Plans, Certificate of the International Association of Bridge and Structural Iron Workers 587-597 PREFACE The Psalmist has written that " the days of man are three score and ten," and yet the cases are numerous where the Master has permitted, for His own good reasons, the extension of in- dividual lives far beyond this period, and it is with a heart filled with gratitude and love, I acknowledge His mercies, protection, and loving kindness vouchsafed throughout my long and varied life. It has ever been a great pleasure to me, from time to time, to dwell upon the pleasant relations I have ever maintained with my kinspeople, and to observe with much gratification how the younger generations have followed in the footsteps of their pred- ecessors. Being the youngest of a large family of children, it has been my privilege to enjoy association with an unusually large num- ber of nephews, nieces, grand nephews and grand nieces, even to the third generation, and to watch, with pride and pleasure, the development of certain hereditary characteristics which have seemed to me to have directly and positively descended from our Hewes ancestry. My father, Col. Joel Hewes of Lynnfield, was a man of intense energy, with whom to think was to act ; who knew not the word de- feat ; and who to the day of his death, which occurred at the early age of forty-one years, was ever positively and prominently in- terested in the daily occurrences and duties of life. This same indomitable will, fixity of purpose, and activity of mind and body, existed in his brothers and sisters, naturally in some more than in others, but there were the same general phys- ical and mental characteristics affecting the whole generation. Among the cousins, all of whom have now " passed on," appeared these factors of intensity of purpose, marked ability, triumph over difficulties, ignoring of seeming discouragements, and the in- herent faculty, to use a colloquialism, of " making good," the few exceptions merely proving the rule. The records of the descendants of Joel Hewes evidence a deep religious feeling influencing the entire family. With my father and his brothers and sisters, religious faith, the church and its xii PREFACE work, were embodied in their nature and life work, and acknowl- edged duties willingly, promptly, lovingly, performed. And while they were successful in the accumulation of worldly wealth and success, no sacrifice of faith or honor marked the same, their prevailing thought ever being, in advancing their own prosperity, to do so without hardship, loss or detriment to others. Our family generations, from the time of Joshua Hewes, the founder of the family, show these stable and honorable features. As these records will show, while never seeking to be in the fore- ground, in the early history of this country he made his influence for practical good felt in a manner which will be remembered throughout all time. And as to his personal nobility and sense of honor, could there be a more striking proof than the sacrifice of his own welfare to aid his uncle Joshua Foot? Of him his posterity can be pardonably proud. As Shakespeare writes : "His life was gentle, And the elements so mixed in him That nature might say to all the world This was a man." Philosophers assert that the worth of a family largely depends upon the women who are the mothers of the race, as through them are introduced new strains of blood which may weaken, modify, or strengthen, the main family characteristics. In look- ing back over our record it is evident that the women of those representative New England families into which the males of our line have married, have nobly contributed to perpetuate and strengthen the traits I have mentioned as having come under my own observation in the last three to five generations, and without arrogance we have reason to take a pardonable pride in our New England ancestr}^. With such a heritage, and such a record, the sacred duty rests upon all descendants to keep this strain of honor, integrity, phys- ical and spiritual health pure and undefilcd. Let the characteris- tics of the men and women of our lineage in the past be the test for the husbands and wives of our family in the future, and in this way preserve for all time to come the same traits of patriotism, religious dependence, physical and mental ability which makes families and individuals honored and useful in their lives, and PREFACE xiii transmitting to their posterity a priceless heritage when, their work well done, the}' pass on to the land of the hereafter. This volume I design as a memorial to my parents, and to many of my kinspeople who have always been near and dear to me. If in some parts it seems too personal, it is for the reason stated. In formulating my plans for this Avork, and in the execution of those plans, I have been aided by several persons to whom I feel under many obligations. To those relatives who have so kindly seconded my endeavors to preserve the records of our ancestry for posterity, I am under especial obligation. There are some whom I would like to mention by name ; one or two who have particularly contributed toward the success of this memorial, in the publication of which I have felt such a keen interest. I also wish to men- tion the generosity of Mr. Horace G. Hewes in placing at my dis- posal all that he had gathered concerning his ancestor, that stren- uous patriot, Robert Twelve Hewes, and of the kindness of Mr. Dexter H. Walker, whose collections pertaining to Joseph Hewes, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, were also placed at. my disposal. I have always felt that Joseph Hewes' ancestor, William Hewes; George Robert Twelve Hewes' ancestor, George Hewes, and my own ancestor, Joshua Hewes, were probably kins- men. I am much gratified to discover that Mr. Putnam, while he very properly adheres strictly to what the records tell us, has a similar leaning, and that he thinks that not only were Joshua and George Hewes near kinsmen, but that William Hewes was of the same stock as my ancestor. The material for the book has been chiefly collected by Mr. Eben Putnam, or under his direction, was arranged by him, and except where credit is given to others, is his work. Anapauma Ranch. Orange, California. David Hewes INTRODUCTION The compiler of the genealogical and historical information pre- sented in this volume did not undertake the impossible task of constructing complete genealogies of any of the numerous families of Hewes, Huse, Hughes mentioned herein. The publication of these pages will, however, serve to make the task of future his- torians of those families lighter than would otherwise be the case. Parish, town, county, and state archives of New England have been examined for information concerning any person bearing a name pronounced Hewes. In the case of the lesser records this examination was made only in localities where it was likely individ- uals of such names had lived. Moreover, with a few exceptions, the examination did not extend much beyond the period of the American Revolution. National records and other sources were searched for information regarding the Revolutionary War period. The gleanings from these various classes of records have been arranged, where practical, according to family connec- tion, and under convenient heads. Three principal families were found to include nearly all of the name, under varied spellings, who had attained prominence in New England. These were the families founded by Lt. Joshua Hewes of Roxbury, George Hewes of Salisbury, and Abel Huse of Newbury. In Virginia, Maryland, the Carolinas, and in Pennsylvania, New Jersey and New York are found families bearing the name Hughes, sometimes Hewes, who are descended from colonial ances- tors. In the brief period devoted to the work of compilation, limited to the winter of 1909-1910, it was impossible to gather in- formation which would permit the arrangement in genealogical form of the material obtained concerning these southern families. Thanks to the courtesy of Mr. Dexter H. Walker, the New Jersey family, to which belonged Joseph Hewes, a signer of the Declara- tion of Independence, has obtained space in the volume in some- what more extended manner than could otherwise have been ac- corded. For notice of certain other families of the middle states and of a Connecticut family, which have received the attention of ™ INTRODUCTION family historians, reference should be made under state headings, where details regarding the printed accounts will be found. This book is due to the enthusiastic interest in his family felt by Mr. David Hewes of Orange, California, who has met the entire cost of its preparation and publication. Mr. Hewes is a descendant of Lt. Joshua Hewes through John Hewes of Lynn- field, Mass. It was his desire that the information gathered in searching the archives for the purposes of completing his own an- cestral records, should be made available for any person of the name who might be interested in his family history. It is thought that whatever omissions in family connections oc- cur will not interfere with the intelligent use of the materials herewith printed, and that the index will enable any investigator to turn readily to the famity or individual he may be interested in. Where the ancestry is known, the names of ancestors appear within brackets, and the numbering will be found consecutive in the different family groups. Where indications of a possible con- nection are found, cross reference has been given. Sources of information will be found indicated, sufficiently full to enable those sources to be examined ; but the intention has been to give all essential facts, and no small amount of labor has been expended in running down clews which promised additional and more exact information. Tradition has been discarded, and only what is of record, unless otherwise stated, will be found in this book. Lest it be imagined that unpleasant features have been omitted, because of the excellent characters which nearly every person bearing the name seems to have sustained, it is proper to state that all matters of importance found about any individual have been printed. The courtesy which prompted Mr. Horace G. Hewes to place his materials for a genealogy of the family of George Hewes of Salisbury at the disposal of Mr. Hewes, as well as the help given by others in gathering information, is gratefully acknowledged. Eben Putnam. San Francisco, May 1, 1910, 708 Hewes Building. ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME — HEWES, HUGHES, HUSE ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME — HEWES, HUGHES, HUSE. It is a matter of interest and of great importance in attempt- ing to trace the ancestry of the founders of New England families, to know in what old world localities the name is found, the forms in which it occurs, and its origin, as this may furnish clews re- garding variations of the name. Hereditary surnames were generally adopted by the English people in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Prior to that period hereditary surnames were uncommon. Exceptions are chiefly found among wealthy land-owning families, among whom territorial names early became fixed, in some instances as early as the Norman conquest, but commonly not prior to the twelfth century. Names of individuals were originally derived from personal peculiarity, local circumstances, or occupation, and became in time hereditary, and fixed as* surnames. Consequently similarity of name is not proof of blood relationship, or even of common national or racial origin. There is also a modern tendency to- ward uniform spelling of names sounded alike, in marked contrast to ancient times when individual eccentricity in representing sounds by letters caused immense variation in spelling of names. Thus we have Hewes, Hew, Huse, Hewghs, Hues, Hu, Hughs, Hughes, Hugh. Because Hewes and Hues are variants of Hughes, a typical Welsh name, many persons bearing these names assume, without other reasons, that their origin is Welsh. There is little question that in Great Britain at the present day the majority of persons bearing the name Hughes — the forms Hewes and Huse are uncommon there — derive their name from Welsh ancestors ; but this is probably not true of the 16th cen- tury. Guppy's study of the distribution of family names showed that, starting with 350 to 10,000/ the proportion of landowners in the English and Welsh counties bearing this name diminishes as we travel toward London. The territory in which it is prominent iln North Wales. 2 ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME is a wedge-shaped district, with the point resting in Buckingham- shire. North and east its place is taken by Howe and Howes, and Haw and Hawes, and south by Howe, House, Howse, and Hussey. A genealogist searching the records of any county on the bor- ders of the wedge above described, if hunting for mention of the name Hewes, would be obliged to take notice of Hughes, Heuse, Huse (which was a modification of Husse or Hussey), Hawes, and Howes, and perhaps Hose and House ; not only because of the likelihood of a clerk writing the name carelessly, but because of the actual change which might have occurred in the pronunciation of the name. Certain vowels have been interchangeable at differ- ent periods and in different localities, as u and o, e and a, a and o, and y and e. Ferguson in his " Teutonic Name System Applied to Family Names of France, England and Germany " states that the Anglo- Saxon words Hygian and Hogian, meaning to study or meditate, gave rise to the personal names Hugo and Hugh. The Saxon form is common in English but not in French. He gives the fol- lowing derivations : Old German: Hugo, Hughi. Modern German: Huge, Hugo, Hug, Hue, Hu, Hua. English: Hugo, Hugh. French: Hugo, Huge. He goes on to derive from these forms many of our most com- mon names; as, in England, Hughes, Hewish, and in France, Hughues, etc. Baring-Gould in " Family Names and Their Story," published in 1910, among Christian names adopted as patronymics, gives as derived from Hugh: Hughes, Hewson, Pugh (ap Hugh), Hutchins, Huggins, Hodgkins, Hoskinson, Higgins, Hicks, Hick- son, Higginson, Hewett, Howctt, Hudson, Higman. Others equally skilled in guessing at the origin of names derive Hicks, Higgins, and Higginson from Isaac. Bardsley says of How, Howes, and House, that they are but a form of " son of Hugh " ; and again that Howe and Hews are from Hugo, but that the forms de la How and atte How, com- mon in the Lake district, are derived from " how," a hill, and would be expressed to-day by " of the hows " ; and for Hoo, which is but another form of How, and sometimes spelled Hoe, he de- ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME 3 rives an origin from " of the hoo," a hoo being a spit of land. Hawe and Hawes are equivalent to " at the haw," which is a yard or small enclosure. Here again we get de la Haw and atte Haw. Thus we see that a man bearing the name Hughes may have been so called because he was fhe son of Hugh; also that he might in some districts have been called Hewes, Howes, or Hawes. Also a man named Hawes or Howes might be so called because he lived near or by a hill, a spit of land, or an enclosure. And we learn that the name Hugh or Hewe was a very popular name not only with the Anglo-Saxon people, but with the Germans, and through the Franks, with the French ; and evidently, because of its present day prominence among the Welsh, with that Celtic people. At the present time Hughes is one of the sixty most common names in England and Wales, and fifty years ago was seventeenth in rank. One person out of every 312 in England and Wales bore the name Hughes. As Bardsley says, " it would be impos- sible to overrate the influence of Hugh (Middle English Hew in the North, How in the south) on our English nomenclature." London drew its population from all parts of the kingdom, and from London and the nearby counties came the progenitors of the principal families of Hewes or Hughes of New England prior to the Revolution. With the exception of John Hughes of Scituate, who is called a Welshman on the Scituate records, there is no rea- son to suppose that any of the earlier New England settlers of that name were from Wales. Some may have come from parts of England adjacent to Wales, for many of our early people were from the tier of counties close to the Welsh border. The Guil- ford family was undoubtedly from the southeast of England. Joshua Hewes came of a family seated immediately north of London, and it is not improbable that George Hewes of Salisbury was his kinsman, and also from that vicinity. William Hewes of New Jersey, ancestor of Joseph Hewes, the signer, was from London. It is noteworthy that these families retained the spelling Hewes. Abel Huse of Newbury is supposed to have come from the vicinity of London. Mr. Isaac Huse, in a search for persons of his name in England, succeeded in finding a present day group of families bearing the name Huse in villages on the Thames just above London, but nowhere else. 4> ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME A search for occurrence of the name in any form in the lay subsidies of Cambridgeshire, on the border of which county Roy- ston is situated, showed that the name was not common in that county. The name Hawes, however, occurs. The probate regis- tries for the parts of England about London, and the great Pre- rogative Court of Canterbury contain numerous wills and settle- ments of estates of persons of this name, spelled in all its forms. There can be no reason to doubt that persons bearing this name had been numerous in the southeast of England from the earliest times of which genealogical records exist. In another place will be found so much as has been recovered concerning the ancestry of Joshua Hewes and his kinspeople, who had probably been settled in the territory north of and adjacent to London, as well as represented in London, for many genera- tions. As would be expected from so great a number of individuals bearing the name, however spelled, there were many families of the name who were numbered among the land owning class, both yeomen and gentry, and a great many individuals have attained prominence. It is not within the scope of this work to attempt to present a catalogue of such instances, but it may serve some useful purpose to describe the coats of arms borne by some of these families. Coat armor is inherited. The right to use any particular coat of arms depends upon proof of descent from some person of the same name who was a gentleman of coat armor, or as he is described, an armiger. With the probable exception of Lt. Joshua Hewes, none of the emigrants to America bearing the name is known to have ever claimed the right to use coat armor. 2 This does not prove that they may not have been en- titled to do so. They may have been entitled to coat armor, yet ignorant of that right ; or knowing it, thought that their station in life did not warrant its display. In the days of the first set- tlement there was little opportunity, unless a man held official position, to make use of a coat of arms. The majority of persons who are entitled to use coat armor make no advertisement of that fact, and the incentive to boast of such right did not exist in New England in the seventeenth century except among a very small class, chiefly officials or wealthy merchants. 2 Joshua Hewes used a seal, the device of which is not distinguishable, leav- ing in doubt whether it showed a merchant's mark or heraldic device. ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME 5 It has already been mentioned that the name Hugh gave rise to family names among other Tuetonic people than the English. London was the home of many natives of Germany, Holland and parts of France. The publications of the Huguenot Society of London contain thousands of names of such aliens, not all of whom were Huguenots. From these lists of strangers in London and from the registers of the Dutch, French and Walloon churches it appears that in London prior to 1630, for a century, there were many persons of alien origin bearing the name Hewes, Hughes, etc., most of whom may be assumed to have founded families. The examination of similar records for parts of Kent, Norfolk, and the country between, also largely favored by emigration from adjacent parts of the continent, do not show so many occurrences of the name. As would be expected, the spelling of the name takes somewhat different variations from the changes noticed in the purely English counties. It is also noteworthy that the spelling Hewes or Hues and Huse is more prevalent than the form Hughes or Hugues, although the baptismal name in these lists is generally rendered Hugh. From 1600 to 1639 the following names occur on the registers of the French Church in Threadneedle Street: Pierre Heu, Elizabeth Heues, Jean Heuse, Elizabeth Hue, Es- tienne Hue, Isaac Hue, Marie " femme de Pierre " Hue, Pierre Huee, Jean Hu, Jeanne " femme de " Jean Hu, Madelaine Hu, Catherine Huge, Francois Huge, Marie wife of Francois Huge. These last were entered by one conversant with the French lan- guage, and may be taken as representing the actual French name of the bearers. The parish registers of the English churches, of date prior to 1600, give all forms of the name, Hewes, Hew, Hue, Huse, Hughes, Hewghs, etc. In the United States, the name Hewes is confined almost entirely to the New England and New Jersey families of that name. The many Pennsylvania, Virginia and Carolina families, and those of Maryland and New York, have usually, if not always, spelled their name Hughes or Hugh, and in many instances are known to have been of Welsh and Irish stock. The most prominent Welsh families and some English families of the name claim descent from one Gwaithvoyde, lord of Powis, who was son of Gwryde, prince of Cardigan, by Maruith, daugh- 6 ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME ter of Ynes, King of Gwent, and from Blethyn ap Cynyn, a prince of Powis. Hwfa ap Cynddela, Lord of Llys Llifon in Wales, of the twelfth century, is also claimed by certain English families as their progenitor. The curious in such matters of pedigree are referred to various standard English genealogical collections, especially those edited by Burke, for further particulars. The following families of the name appear in the Heraldic Visitations : Visitation of London, 1568. James Hewes, citizen and grocer of London, bore arms : Argent, on a bend sable three fishes naiant of the field, fins and tails or, in chief a mullet gules. Crest: An elephant's head couped azure bezante, eared and crowned argent, charged with a mullet or. He was the third son of John Hewes of Donyvorde in Somersetshire, gentleman, by Grace Waldron his wife, and had elder brothers William and Roger. He was twice married, the first time to Margaret, daughter of Robert Bowser, who was the mother of his children, Rowland, Geffrey, Mary and Martha. The pedigree shows but these three genera- tions. Visitation of Oxfordshire, 163 4-. Michaell Hughes of Middle- ton-Stoney, bore arms: Gules, on a bend between two demi-lions rampant, three fleurs-de-lis sable. Crest: A heron argent, billed gules. At the time of the visitation he had a son Michaell aged about two years. Of Michaell Hughes the record states only that he was son of John Hughes, "descended from the Hughes of Carnarvanshire," by Julian Daniels his wife, and that he married Elizabeth daughter of Dr. Ashworth and widow of Thomas Standard. According to Berry's Kentish genealogies the Hughes of Middleton-Stoney were descended from William Hughes of Holtcastle in Cheshire, elder son of William Hughes of Mon- mouth, whose second son, Richard Hughes, of London, married, probably about 1580-90, Elizabeth daughter of Thomas Spencer of London-Stone, Kent, and had a son Andrew. This Andrew died in 1628, being called of Ringleton, Woodnesbro', leaving a son Leonard, who died in 1637. Visitation of Somersetshire, 1623. Thomas Hughes, knight, of Wells, who had married Erancisca daughter of Nicholas Mynne of county Surrey, and by her had had Thomas aged 21 at the time of the visitation, James, aged 17, Jane, aged 22, Elizabeth, aged 20, and Catherine, aged 18; bore arms: (1) Azure, a lion ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME 7 rampant or (for Morven, son of Morgenat), (2) Or, a lion ram- pant sable, (3) Azure, three fluers-de-lis or (for Ynes, king of Gwent), (4) Azure, a fesse or between three horses' heads erased argent (for Rice ap Marcham), (6) Sable, a chevron erminois between three goats' heads erased or (for Jerworth). This honor- able knight claimed descent in the male line from Gwaithvoyde, son of Gwryde and Moruith, prince of Cardigan, by Maruith daughter and co-heir of Ynes, king of Gwent, as follows (ascend- ing) ; Thomas Hughes (1623) being son of Thomas Hughes, who was son of Hugh son of John ap Jankin, who was son of Alyn ap Griffith ap Howell ap Itholl Goch ap Madoc ap Llewelyn, ap Ithel. Each " ap " indicating a generation. This last named, Ithel is styled " sonne of Hilin," who was son of Enmith son of Morien son of Morgenat son of Elistan who was son of the above mentioned Gwaithvoyd. Allowing thirty years to a generation, this would make Gwaithvoyd flourish about the year 1100. Visitation of Shropshire, 1623. Thomas Hughes of Stretton bore arms : Azure, three cranes' heads erased argent. His great grandfather is styled John Hughes son of Hugh Higgins, whose grandfather was John Higgins of Church Stretton. Visitation of Norfolk, (1563, 1589, 1613). The family of Sybthorpe claimed descent from one Thomas Sybthorpe alias Huse of St. Albans, Herts. His son, Albon Sybthorpe of Knap- ton, had a son John Sybthorpe whose eldest son is styled Wil- liam Husse alias Sybthorpe. There are also said to be pedigrees in one of the Berkshire visitations (House of Albrighton), in the visitation of Wiltshire for 16&3 (Hews of Bromham), and in a visitation of Yorkshire (Hugh of Llanrayer). Other families of equal consequence with those named in the visitations are mentioned in several collections of pedigrees, and a great many persons of the name used coat armor. In Burke's General Armory will be found described no less than 33 coats ascribed to this name in its varied spellings. Some of these are of quite recent origin, and many bear the lion as a principal charge. There are also several Irish families of armorial rank. It is interesting to note that a family of Hewes was settled at Maidstone in Kent as early as 1700, and that a century and a half later a family of Heugh, of Holmwood Park, bore arms: Azure, a fess between three arrows paleways points downward or, 8 ORIGIN AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE NAME Crest: a unicorn's head argent. Hughes of Donnington Priory, Berks, bore arms: quarterly, 1 and 4, Sable, a fesse cotised be- tween three lion's heads erased argent, 2, Azure, three arrows points downward or, on a chief of the second, three Moors' heads couped sidefaced sable, 3, Argent, a chevron ermine between three unicorn's heads capped sable. Altogether there is a considerable variety in the shields de- scribed. JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON AND SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FOOTE FAMILY JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON AND SOME ACCOUNT OF THE FOOTE FAMILY What knowledge we have concerning the parentage and an- cestry of Joshua Hewes is due to the discovery by Mr. Henry F. Waters of the will of John Hewes of Royston, and of several wills of the Foote family. Mr. Waters communicated abstracts of these wills to the New England Historical and Genealogical Register, which were later reprinted in the two volumes of " Waters' Genealogical Gleanings in England." JOHN HEWES of Royston, Herts., chandler, made his will 20 June, the 19th year of the reign of King James. He ap- pointed his wife, Mary, sole executrix, and nominated his brother, Thomas Hewes, and brother-in-law, Joseph Foote, as supervisors and overseers. His legacies to his sons were made payable at their reaching their twenty-fourth year. Those to the daugh- ters at their twenty-first year. It is probable that none of the children was born earlier than 1603. It is also evident that the eldest child was born not long after that date. The legacies were as follows : to Jonathan, forty pounds ; to Joshua, thirty pounds ; to the daughters, Mary, Elizabeth, Sarah, Hester, Lidia, Phebe, and Anne, each twenty pounds. The will was proved 21 Aug., 1621, and is recorded in register Dale, quire 87, Pre- rogative Court of Canterbury at London. Royston is a village in the extreme northeastern corner of Hertfordshire, on the border of Cambridgeshire, and is on the main road from Hertford to Cambridge, somewhat nearer the latter than the former place. It is about forty miles north of London. Chauncey says of Royston that the town lies in five parishes, two-thirds of the town being within the parishes of Therfield and Barkway in Hertfordshire, the remainder lying in the parishes of Melbourn, Kneesworth and Bassingbourn in Cambridgeshire. The church of Royston is of the diocese of London. 9 10 JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON It is not thought that the paternal ancestors of Joshua Hewes had lived in Royston until his father settled in that place, per- haps having obtained property there through his marriage with Mary Foote which took place at Shalford in Essex, 14* Feb., 1602. Shalford registers commence in 1558. The name Hewes does not appear upon them, except the mention of John Hewes' mar- riage, between the years 1558 and 1618. The following entries include all pertaining to the family of Foote: 1602 John Hewes and Mary Foote weare married together the xiiij th daye of Feabruarye, anno predicto. 1608 Robert Foote was buried the xvj th daye of Feabruarye anno predicto. 1609 Joseph Foote, son of Robert Foote was baptized the xviij th daye of September anno predicto. 1610 Anne Foote, daughter of Joseph Foote, was baptised the xxviij th daye of October. 1612 Marye Foote, daughter of Joseph Foote, was baptised the xxix** 1 daye of October anno predicto. 1614 Elizabeth Foote, daughter of Joseph Foote was baptised the sixt daye of Januarye anno predicto. 1615 Elizabeth Foote, daughter of Joseph Foote, was buried the same third of September, anno predicto. 1616 Dorcas Foote, daughter of Joseph and Anne Foote was baptised the xviij day of August, anno predicto. 1618 Elizabeth Foote, daughter of Joseph and Anne Foote was baptised the seaventh daye of Marche, anno predicto. Shalford is a parish in the northern part of Essex, a little north of Braintree, between Bocking and Wethersfield. The Wethersfield registers do not commence until 1647. Bock- ing registers, printed by the generosity of Mr. J. J. Goodwin of Hartford, Conn., cover the period of 1561 to 1605 for baptisms, 1593 to 1639 for marriages, and 1558 to 1628 for burials. But there is an unfortunate hiatus of about ten years in the record of baptisms between 1570 and 1580. At Bocking there was family of Hewes, the earliest entry being the baptism of Agnes Hewes, 24 Feb., 1565-6. Later entries are as follows : Johanna, daughter of Roger Hewes, baptized 22 Feb., 1567-8. George, son of Roger Hewes, baptized 26 Nov., 1570. JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON 11 Richard, son of Roger Hewes, buried 3 June, 1577. John, son of Roger Hewes, baptized 9 June, 1583. Agnes Hewes, married William Hull, 2 Dec, 1593. Margeria Hewes married James Freth, 20 July, 1600. Margaretta Hewes married James Lenwood, 29 March, 1608. Agnes, wife of Roger Hewes, buried 26 July, 1608. Roger Hewes buried 20 Oct., 1611. At Toppesfield, a parish a few miles north of Shalford, there lived a John Hewes whose wife, Margaret, was buried 16 Feb., 1597-8. This John was probably the same as the John named as father of the following: Elizabeth, baptized 26 May, 1560. Anne, baptized 10 Feb., 1562. Francis, baptized 28 July, 1565. It is known that John Hewes of Royston had a brother, Thomas, who survived him. In the ship money returns of 1636, for Essex, four Thomas Hewes are mentioned, of Goldhanger, of Paglesham, of Fambridge, 1 and of Headingham Castle. The last named place is close by Shalford. Mary (Foote) Hewes is mentioned in the will of her father Robert Foote of Shalford, Essex, yeoman, whose will dated 27 Jan., 1608, was proved the 15 Feb. following. Robert Foote gave to his wife, Joan, during her life, " all such yearly rent as to me is reserved out of my lease of certain tenements which I hold for divers years yet enduring by the grant of Sir Robert Chester, knight, and lying and being in the town of Royston." He gave legacies to several children, servants and friends, and the residue of his estate to all his children, specifying " if it happen my daughter, Mary Hewes, to be departed then her part to be paid to her children." He made his son Robert sole exec- utor; his brother John Foote of London, grocer, and son-in-law John Hewes of Royston supervisors. (P. C. C, Dorset, 21.) Elizabeth Brooke of London, widow, made her will 18 June, 1599, which was proved 28 July, following. She stipulated that the Company of Leathersellers should accompany her corpse to the church, and that she be buried in the chancel of the church of i Fambridge is within ten miles of Southminster. In 1609, a fine was passed between William Hewes, Sr., and John Heughes alias Hewes and Lettice his wife concerning lands there. [Feet of Fines, 7 James.] 12 JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON St. Leonard nigh East Cheap. Among other legacies was one to her daughter Joane Foote. To Joane's daughter, Mary Foote, she gave " one gilt ale pot with two ears, to be delivered unto her father or mother for her use." Her will is a long and interest- ing one, and shows that her daughter Margaret married John, brother of Robert Foote. It is recorded in register Kidd, quire 65. The Footes were a well-to-do family. Reference to the pedi- gree will show many of their intermarriages, and prominent mem- bers. It was in this circle of relatives that Joshua Hewes grew up. He thus was connected with a family which had much to do with New England. In constructing the outline pedigree presented herewith, use has been made of the several wills printed in Waters' Gleanings. Mr. Waters found in the British Museum a manuscript (Addi- tional Ms. 5533, fo. 99) which contained some account of the Foote family, the origin of which is ascribed to one Robert Foote of Royston " descended out of Lincolnshire," who was father of John Foote who married Margaret Brooke and of Robert Foote who married Joan Brooke. Joshua Foote who came to New Eng- land and died at Providence, was Joshua Hewes' uncle. Joshua Foote's brother, Robert Foote of London, married Elizabeth Miles, widow of Benjamin Miles, and her daughter Elizabeth Miles, who was Robert Foote's step-daughter, married William Goddard of Watertown, Mass. She was sister to Rev. Joseph Miles, who died in Redriff, Surrey, in 1661. Edward Goddard, born 1675; died 1754, of Framingham, Mass., left a statement concerning his ancestry. He said : " My mother's father's name was Benjamin Miles; he died when she was young, left but two children, viz.: herself and one brother named Joseph, who was educated for and afterward settled in the work of the ministry at a place called Red-riff, which is a border of the city of London. My grandmother Miles had a second husband, one Mr. Foot, a worthy and religious merchant of London, and cousin german to her former husband: had an- other Roberts, educated a merchant. He was a great benefactor to my mother during her life: sent tokens of his love yearly to us who were her children; after her decease at his death, left a legacy of £4*00 sterling, to be divided among us. CONNECTIONS OF LT. JO Leon- )9. See Shalford, Essex. Will 160S-9. = Mary Hewes. Son-in-law John Brother John Foote of Lon- of Wethersfield, Essex. Had on. obert Foote of London, grocer. Will 1645-6. Mary, ma ' 16 2 J onger Hewes 'of f d , in Providence, B of London. ton, 1621. who survived her hus- Dbert of Lon- don, merchant. Will 1713-4. Devized £2000 to sons of sis- t e r Elizabeth Goddard in New England. Jonathan Hewes. >a.leb of Boston, 164S. Of Lon- don, 1657. Elizabeth, wife of William Shel- don of London, draper. married, William ibert. Phebe, married, 1662, Sir Mich- ael Heneage. o P. Mill AT, I'l 1)11. HI 1, ill-' 1 ii'i'l'I'. SIIOWIM. , iissi.i Tlu\s nl IT .111-111 \ HKWl,: I JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON 13 The substance of his estate he left to his wife, and to a worthy kinsman descended from the family of the Foots, viz. : Mr. Sam- uel Lambert, who approved himself only a just and honest man to us all, but a great benefactor to me." Concerning his father, William Goddard, coming to New Eng- land, he relates : " His mother-in-law, Mrs. Foot, in her widow- hood, lent £100 sterling to a brother of hers in New England, who for her security mortgaged his house and lands, but though he lived many years afterward, yet paid neither principal nor interest. Consequently, at his death, his mother gave him the debt, and he coming over for it in 1665 found nothing to be had, excepting the housing and lands mortgaged." Another New England connection, which could not but have been helpful to Joshua Hewes, was the following. Sarah Foote, daughter of Sir Thomas Foote, Lord Mayor of London, there- fore a second cousin on both father's and mother's side to Joshua Hewes, married Sir John Lewis, who was born in 1615, and who gained a great fortune in the East Indian trade. Sir John Lewis had a sister, Isabella, who married Nathaniel Newdigate, born 1627, who had formerly lived in New England, and whose son Nathaniel settled in Rhode Island. Nathaniel Newdigate, had the following sisters living and married in New England: Sarah, who died 1692, wife of Capt. Peter Oliver ; Hannah, who died 1684, wife of Simon Lynde, and mother of the Chief Jus- tice; Elizabeth, who was twice married, (1) to Rev. John Oliver, (2) to Edward Jackson of Cambridge. These were all promi- nent people in and about Boston. Sir Thomas Foote was own cousin to Mary Hewes, the mother of Joshua Hewes. Sir Thomas was sheriff of London in 1645, and Lord Mayor in 1649, and was made a baronet in 1660. Arthur Onslow, speaker of the House of Commons, left a manu- script containing his recollections (see Historical Mss. Commis- sion 14, App. 9, 458) in which he speaks of Sir Thomas Foote as a very eminent person in the City of London, of some note in parliament, and a member of one of their councils of state, and that he gave a great fortune to his daughter who married the writer's grandfather. Sir Thomas Foote was granted a coat of arms in 1646, as fol- lows: Argent, a chevron sable, in dexter chief a trefoil of the 14 JOHN HE WES OF ROYSTON second, on the chevron a crescent for a difference. Crest: A cubit arm erect proper, hand holding a trefoil sable, on the arm a crescent of the last for a difference (Stow Ms. 703, in British Museum). It is possible that Mary widow of John Hewes married a second time, as undoubtedly she was a comparatively young woman at her husband's death, possibly 40 years of age. Two at least of her daughters came to New England ; Phebe, who mar- ried Richard Gorde, and Elizabeth, who married Ralph Hemen- way. Traces of the other children have been lost. The elder son, Jonathan, was probably educated, like his brother Joshua, to be a merchant, and remained in London. Research has as yet yielded no definite results concerning the ancestry of John Hewes, or of the history of his descendants, except of those who came to New England. ELIZABETH HEWES, daughter of John Hewes of Roys- ton, died in Roxbury, New England, 2 Feb., 1685-6, aet. 82, and was buried the following day. She married at Roxbury, 5 July, 1634, Ralph Hemenway, who was a member of Roxbury church in 1633. He was admitted a freeman, 3 Sept., 1634, and was active in town affairs. He died 1 June, 1678, leaving a will dated 4 May, 1677, proved 11 July, 1678. He gave to wife Elizabeth his whole estate, during her life, but which was to remain in the hands of his son John, to improve for her. After her death, Samuel, another son, was to have 20 shillings, " and because I give him no more is because I look upon myself indebted to my son John, who hath taken care of me and my wife in our age, and knowing God hath dwelt bountifully with Samuel, I de- sire him to accept my love in the legacy." To son Joshua he gave land in the upper Calves pasture on the way to Boston. Son John he gave all other lands and estate, except £8 to daughter Elizabeth Holbrook, and £12 to daughter Ruth. Son John and friend Samuel Williams were nominated as executors (Suffolk probate, 6:239-360). In this will he describes himself as " aged." His estate in- ventoried £170-19-6, and consisted of a house, orchard and home lot, 65 acres land in several parcells, all valued at £150 (Suf- folk Probate, 12; 213). JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON 15 Children: Marah Hemenway, born 24 April, 1635; buried 4 May, 1635. Samuel Hemenway, born June, 1636; married Sarah Cooper and settled in New Haven. Ruth Hemenway, born 21 Sept., 1638 ; died unmarried in July or Aug., 1684. John Hemenway, born 27 April, 1641; died 4 Oct., 1724; married Mary Trescott. Joshua Hemenway, bapt. 9 April, 1643; married Joanna Evans ; also Mary Settled in Framingham. Elizabeth Hemenway, born 31 May, 1645 ; married Holbrook. Mary Hemenway, born 7 April, 1647 ; died 1653. For some account of certain branches of this family, see " A Genealogical Record of One Branch of the Hemenway Family, 1634-1880," by Rev. Asa Hemenway. PHEBE HEWES, daughter of John Hewes of Royston, came to New England, probably with her brother Joshua Hewes, and was at Roxbury, where she married 30 Nov., 1639, Richard Gorde of Roxbury, who came to New England, in April, 1635, in the Elizabeth and Ann, aged seventeen. He was admitted a freeman 29 May, 1644, and died 27 Sept., 1683, leaving a will dated 18 Sept. of that year, by which he left his entire estate to his son Joseph who was to pay small legacies to his sisters, Phoebe, wife of Thomas Andrews, and Lydia, wife of Joseph Twitchell. He requested his " loving friend John Gore " to be overseer. John Gore and Abraham How, Jr., were witnesses to the will, which was proved 31 Oct., 1681. According to the inventory of his estate he died 27 Sept., 1683, (Suffolk Probate, 6:447; 9:163). The name is frequently Goad or Goard on the old records. Children: Hannah Gorde, born June, 1641. John Gorde, bapt. 1 July, 1643. Mary Gorde, born 23 June, 1644. Phebe Gorde, born 14 March, 1645-6; married Thomas An- drews. 16 JOHN HEWES OF ROYSTON Joseph Gorde, born 19 Sept., 1647 ; died aet. 8 mos. Sarah Gorde, born 25 March, 1649. Joseph Gorde, born 13 April, 1651 ; married 23 March, 1681, Ann Chaplin. He was a soldier in the war with King Philip. Lydia Gorde, born 27 Feb., 1652-3 ; married Joseph Twitchell. Benjamin Gorde, born 3 Dec, 1654. Benjamin Gorde, born 7 Sept., 1656. He was executed un- der the old law, 2 April, 1674. (See Mass. Hist. Coll., 3d series., X., 98, and Assistants Records, page 11.) LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES OF NEW ENGLAND LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES. Joshua Hewes was born about the middle of the reign of James I. At the time of his migration to New England few real- ized how near was the great uprising to check the evils which came to England in the train of the Stuarts. The most active years of his life coincided with the Puritan supremacy in England. With the overthrow of that Commonwealth, it must have seemed to him and his friends in Massachusetts that much which they had gained would be lost. However, his life closed before the actual loss of the Charter. BIRTH AND EDUCATION Joshua Hewes was born in 1611 or 1612 1 ; the loss of the baptismal register of Royston prior to 1662 prevents verifica- tion of this date, for it was probably in that parish that he was born. There his father lived and died, and at his death, in 1621, the care of his family of nine children, seven of whom were daughters, devolved upon the mother, a woman well born and well connected. Her brothers and cousins were established in London as merchants, and for their times were wealthy, pros- perous men. Joshua Hewes probably was named for his uncle, Joshua Foote, an energetic, far-sighted man. Foote was a member of the Ironmongers Company, and carried on a considerable busi- ness. The Ironmongers were one of the oldest and most im- portant of the city companies. Their association is of earlier date than the charter granted them in the third year of Edward IV (1463-1461). A citizen of London was a member of some one of the city companies or guilds, and the guilds elected the aldermen ; the lord mayor being a member of one of a select num- ber of guilds, of which the Ironmongers were one. These iron merchants purchased from the forges iron in bars and rods, and exported and imported iron, which they sold from their ware- houses in both a wholesale and retail way. The ironmonger also i In a deposition made 1 Nov., 1670, Joshua Hewes gave his age as in his fifty-ninth year (Archives; 15B-131). On the 5 Nov., 1664, in another de- position, he is described as "fifty or thereabouts" {Ibid., 226). 19 20 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES dealt both wholesale and retail in manufactured iron articles. Being a staple commodity, of growing importance, the trade in iron gave both material gain and dignity to the ironmonger, who was an important factor in the business life of the seventeenth century. Hewes was sometimes styled an ironmonger, 2 and it is a reason- able supposition that Joshua Foote took charge of his young nephew, brought him up as one of his own family, and initiated him into the art and mystery of the ironmonger's trade. At that time there were several schools in the City of London, two under the care of guilds, to which young Hewes could have been sent. His education was on a par with that of the better class of his fellow merchants — able to write and speak good English, to keep accounts, reckon exchange, costs and profits, and to conduct an importing trade, and probably with a fair knowledge of common and mercantile law and usages. His so- cial connections and home environment prepared him to meet as an equal the ruling and wealthier classes in New England, and he would probably have been at ease in any assembly. These facts are evident from his life as known to us after he reached maturity, and our knowledge of the education of the youth in the families of liberal and wealthy London merchants, who as a class were largely recruited from the minor landown- ing county families, and from whom the present aristocracy of Great Britain is chiefly derived. A pertinent instance of this may be observed in the Foote family. Mary (Foote) Hewes was own cousin on both her fa- ther's and mother's side to Thomas Foote, a grocer and citizen of London, who became sheriff of Middlesex and in 16-49 Lord Mayor of London. Thomas Foote was knighted, made a baronet, and having no male issue, with succession to his son-in-law Arthur On- slow, and lived to count among his grandchildren two Speakers of the House of Commons, one of whom was Baron Onslow, Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor, and the wives of three peers of the realm. The formative period of Joshua Hewes' youth was at the time of the contest between Parliament and the King. Hewes 2 Usually, however, where his occupation is given, he appears described as merchant. His operations were of a broader character than dealing in iron alone. He was a merchant as we understand the word, and also factor for Joshua Foote. 5- LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 21 was undoubtedly familiar with and sympathized with the course followed by those who opposed the policies of the King. His people were not " separatists " in church matters, but Puritans, members of the party of protest against the political and moral excesses of the Court party. His associates were probably drawn from the ranks of decent minded, liberty loving and self- respecting yeomen, mechanics, and merchants. The business relations of the London merchants were broad, and their per- sonal connections, associations and interests all tended to create a liberal, progressive spirit. It was among these men that the spirit of adventure, the willingness to speculate in the development of the resources of a new country, was found. Their interest in trade and colonization was intense, and their example was followed by the merchants of other ports, 3 and by the Puritan gentry and better class of yeomanry through- out those districts most open to their influence. Those lo- calities were also the stronghold of the Puritan party in a religious sense, and through the combination of love of ad- venture, desire for profit, determination to sustain their posi- tion in society, and realization that in a new country liberty and independence could be maintained while material benefits were being accumulated, there came about the great migration of 1630 and the lesser migrations preceding and following that. As with the Pilgrims, there were among the Puritans many per- sons who sought the New World solely for the opportunities the new colony afforded to maintain their religious status, but the real cause of the great exodus to New England was the spirit of unrest, and the desire which obtained among the Puritans, yeo- manry, gentry, and merchants, that their descendants should not be forced to a lower position in society, nor they themselves be crushed by the growing tendency to absolutism in state and church. How small the purely religious element was, may be perceived by studying the rolls of Freeman of the Massachusetts Company admitted after the transfer of the Charter. By 1640, when migration largely ceased, there is estimated to have come into Massachusetts all of 40,000 people, and out of this great 3 The merchants of Bristol and of Plymouth had early attempted and maintained a profitable trade with America, but it was so largely based on the fisheries and so lacking in proper colonizing spirit, that this statement can be made with truth. 22 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES number not more than 1200 had been admitted as freemen. Ex- cept at the first Court, the right to be a freeman was confined to church members in good standing. THE MIGRATION Joshua Hewes was in his twenty-second year when he arrived in New England in 1633. Rev. John Eliot in a list of the mem- bers of his church at Roxbury said of him, " he came into the land a single man; about the 7th month of the yeare 1633." As the year then began in March, this record points out September as the month of arrival. That year was a notable one in the affairs of the infant colony. The preceding winter enemies of the colony had endeavored to throw the Massachusetts people into discredit with the King. The representations of these mis- chief-makers were referred to the Privy Council, who reported that the charges did not condemn the colonists but commended them to his majesty for further protection until it could be proved they had violated their patent. There is evidence that at this time Charles favored the migration of the more restless of his subjects to New England, both to be rid of them and to build up a colony by which he knew he would increase trade and whose ulti- mate control he felt would be in his own hands. There are extant in the British archives rolls containing lists of names of persons going abroad, as passengers or as soldiers, to Holland, Flanders, etc., and among these entries those of names of some emigrants to America find place. But not until 1635 was there a systematic attempt to record the names of emi- grants to America, and especially to prevent the passage of cer- tain persons known to be disaffected to the government. The entries for 1632 are meagre in the extreme, and none are found of earlier date than 1631. From June, 1632 to March, 1635, there are no entries of persons departing for America, but probably the entry book for 1633 and 1634 is lost. We have therefore only Winthrop's Journal 4 or other mn f > nporaneous * The ships arriving in New England, between July and November, 1633, noted by Winthrop, were: 24 July, a ship from Weymouth, with about 80 passengers who settled at Dorchester. This ship was twelve weeks out, and the company suffered from fever contracted at the Westward Islands, where they were detained three weeks by a leaking ship. Sept. 4, the Griffin, as noted in the text. The same day the Bird, Yates, master, twelve weeks on the passage. 10 Oct., the James, 'Grant, master, eight weeks from Gravesend, with about 80 passengers, 30 of whom were for Massachusetts. Grant brought LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 23 New England records to depend upon for the ships and settlers who arrived in New England, during a portion of this time. 5 The passage commonly consumed seven weeks, often lengthened to ten or twelve by some misadventure. Thus a ship arriving in early September would have left England in July. The ar- rival of the Griffin on September fourth, bringing a distinguished company, is noted by Winthrop as follows : " The Griffin, a ship of three hundred tons arrived, (having been eight weeks from the Downs). This ship was brought in by John Gallop a new way by Lovell's Island, at low water, now called " Grif- fin's Gap." She brought about two hundred passengers, having lost some four, whereof one was drowned two days before, as he was cast- ing forth a line to take mackerel. In this ship came Mr. Cotton, Mr. Hooker, and Mr. Stone, ministers, and Mr. Pierce, Mr. Haynes (a gentleman of great estate), Mr. Hoffe, and many other men of good estates. They got out of England with much difficulty, all places being belaid to have taken Mr. Cotton and Mr. Hooker, who had been long sought for to have been brought into the High Com- mission; but the master being bound to touch at the Wight, the pur- suivants attended there, and in the meantime, the said ministers were taken in at the Downs." (Journal, p. 108.) Winthrop's allusion to getting out of England with difficulty, refers to Cotton and Hooker and their immediate associates, not to the generality of the Griffin's company. boston in 1633. Boston as first seen by Joshua Hewes little resembled the Bos- ton of to-day. Vessels sailing up the harbor passed islands heavily wooded, and either anchored in the stream between Bos- ton and Charlestown or oft* the Cove. Landward, in the back- ground, was the three-peaked Beacon Hill, flanked on the north- east by Copp's Hill rising abruptly from the strand, on which word that the Richard, 50 tons, which came forth with the Griffin, sprang a-leak and was forced to return to Weymouth. Because of Elliot's recollec- tion of the date, an event in the annals of the church, it is probable that Hewes came in the Griffin with Cotton. s Since the above was written, there has been discovered, among the rec- ords in the Public Record Office in London, a series of Port books not only for London, but Ipswich and nearly all the larger ports. The records com- mence as early as 1426 and run to as late as 1750. All clearances, arrivals, names of masters, consignees, with description of cargo, are entered. The record of Winthrop's expedition is extant. This collection of records will throw much light on the commerce with New England. 24 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES was a windmill erected the year before, and to the southwest, be- yond the immediate town limits, by Fort Hill; all eminences to attract attention. The Charles River then formed a large bay to the back of Boston (the Back Bay), tide waters washing the foot of Beacon Hill and flowing over what is now the Public Gar- den and part of the Common and approaching so near to the South or Roxbury Bay, which separated Boston from Roxbury and Dorchester, as to leave but a narrow passage to the main- land. Here at the narrowest point, where is now Dover Street, a mile north of Roxbury line, was erected in April, 1631, a guard- house, through which the highway passed, and which was planned to protect the town from incursions from that direction. Com- ing from Roxbury, the road, often at high tides covered with water, followed the present Washington Street until it entered the square at the head of what was then the public landing place, now known as Dock Square and far removed from the water front, but which was then the port of the town. Here also a creek entered the harbor, and navigation was possible in a small boat to the Charles River, which then covered Hay- market Square. The North End was virtually an island, with a causeway and bridge in Hanover Street near Blackstone Street. From the town landing or dock it was but a step to the head of State Street where was the church, with some of the principal houses just beyond. The house of Governor Winthrop was between present Milk and Water streets. It was but a small straggling village, with few houses better than mean temporary buildings. The church, but recently erected, had walls smeared with mud and a thatched roof. Even then, however, the town was rapidly chang- ing. Lumber, of which the peninsula was nearly destitute, was being brought in from the neighboring country, and comfortable dwellings erected. On the 4 March, 1633-4, the day the General Court met at which Hewes was admitted a freeman, Winthrop notes that Samuel Cole set up the first house of entertainment (inn), and John Cogan, merchant, the first shop. This was three and one-half years after the settlement at Boston. SETTLEMENT AT ROXBURY Hewes probably settled at Roxbury immediately on his arrival. That town early enjoyed an enviable reputation. It was LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 25 founded in the summer of 1630 by William Pynchon, who led some of the people from Charlestown where conditions were un- satisfactory and running water scarce. Until the arrival of the friends of Eliot in the fall of 1632, there were not enough church members in Roxbury to form a church. The people therefore worshiped with the Dorchester church, George Alcock of their number being made a deacon in that church. Among other early members, probable founders of the town and church with Pynchon, were Thomas Lamb, Thomas Rawlins, Robert Cole, and William Chase. Winthrop records that in Dec, 1630, it was decided to build a fortified town on the neck between Boston and Roxbury, but the follow- ing week the plan was abandoned. In June, 1632, Rev. Thomas Weld, formerly minister at Terling in Essex, arrived in Boston, and the following month was ordained pastor over the church newly formed at Roxbury. Eliot was called as " teacher " of the church the following November, having agreed with his Naz- ing friends before leaving England to join them when they came. Eliot had been a teacher in the grammar school which Rev. Thomas Hooker, after withdrawing from his pulpit at Chelms- ford, had established at Little Baddow, near Chelmsford, in Essex. Hooker's sister had married George Alcock, who had preceded Hooker to New England and settled at Roxbury. It may well be that Hewes, a young man, accompanied perhaps by his two sisters, was advised by Hooker to attach himself to Eliot's church, which he did " about a halfe a yeare after " his arrival. It may be that relatives of the family were already there, but if so no trace of the connection has come to light. It is rather singular, although Joshua Hewes had at least two and perhaps three sisters married to his neighbors in Roxbury, that there is no direct mention by him or them of this relationship. This is the more striking as his name was perpetuated in their families. Ralph Hemminway married, 5 July, 1631, Elizabeth Hewes, and Richard Gore or Gord married, 30 Nov., 1639, Phebe Hewes. The third possible connection is based on the supposi- tion that Anne, wife of Lewis Jones of Roxbury and later of Watertown, who had daughters Phebe and Lydia, may also have been a sister of Joshua Hewes. Roxbury was by no means badly located for trade. Situated at the entrance to the neck it was necessary for travelers enter- 26 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES ing Boston by land, from Cambridge, Watertown, or from the towns to the south, to pass through the main street of Roxbury. All of the country to the south and west could be as well served from Roxbury as Boston. In 1634 there was published in London a book written by Wil- liam Wood; who had returned to England in the Elizabeth Bon- adventure, Capt. Graves, in Aug., 1633, entitled " New Eng- land's Prospect." The author thus describes Roxbury : " A mile from this town (Dorchester) lieth Roxberry which is a faire and handsome countrey towne, the inhabitants of it being all very rich. This towne lieth upon the maine so that it is well wooded and watered, having a cleare and fresh Brooke running through the towne; up which, although there come no alewives, yet there is a great store of smelts, and therefore it is called Smelt Brooke. A quarter of a mile to the north side of the towne is another river, called stony river, upon which is built a water milne. Here is good ground for corne, and meadow for cattle. Up westward from the towne it is something rocky, whence it has the name of Roxberry; the inhabitants have faire houses, store of cattle, impaled corne fields and fruitful gardens. Here is no harbour for ships because the towne is seated in the bottom of a shallow bay, which is made by the necke of land on which Boston is built, so that they can transport all their goods from the ships in boats from Boston which is the nearest har- bour." In 1652 Edward Johnson in " Wonder Working Providence " tells much the same story of its happy situation and prosperous inhabitants. He adds that there " are near upon 120 dwelling houses " and that " their streets are large and some fayre houses." Roxbury Bay has been filled in, and the former flats of the Charles River have become the home of wealthy Bostonians and the seat of many institutions both educational and commercial. It takes an active imagination to picture the former conditions when the Roxbury people brought their goods to the landing places at high tide. HOMESTEAD. Drake in the " History of Roxbury " says that Joshua Hewes' dwelling house stood in Roxbury Street, nearly opposite the foot of Vernon Street. There is no record of granl to him of his LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 27 Roxbury property. 5 In 1652, Joshua Foote, who had a deed from his nephew of his Roxbury estate, was described in the Rox- bury Book of Possession, page 21, as having a house, barn with outhouses, with gardens, yards and houselot at the east side thereof, four acres more or less, butting upon Mr. Thomas Weld east and south, and upon the heirs of Samuel Hagborne north. The Hagborne estate was the residence of Samuel Hagborne until his death in January, 1612-3. It began at the corner of Eustis Street. After Hagborne's death his widow Catherine married Governor Thomas Dudley. The dwelling house was " lately destroyed by fier " in 1659. Hagborne was one of the wealthiest of the early Roxbury settlers, and in his will provided for an annual payment to a free school in Roxbury. Rev. Samuel Danforth, pastor of the church, purchased this estate in 1657. The Weld estate which elsewhere bounded Joshua Hewes' town lot, was the home of Rev. Thomas Weld, pastor of the church until his departure for England in 1611. Opposite was the home of Capt. Joseph Weld. North of Weld, toward Boston, was the homestead of William Dennison, an important man and father of Major-General Daniel Dennison and of Capt. George Dennison, one of Cromwell's officers. Between Dennison and the Boston line was the home of John Johnson, surveyor of arms for the colony, and it was at his house the disastrous explosion and fire occurred noted above. It was at the house of Capt. Joseph 5 The Roxbury records were destroyed by fire in 1645. "Two great fires happened this week ... the other at Roxbury this day. John Johnson, the surveyor general of the ammunition, a very industrious and faithful man in his place, having built a fair house in the midst of the town, with divers barns and other outhouses, it fell on fire in the day time, and there being in it seventeen barrels of the countrey's powder and many arms, all was sud- denly burnt and blown up, . . . and shook the houses in Boston and Cambridge, so as men thought it had been an earthquake." (Winthrop Jour- nal, II, 2 mo. 6, 1645.) The earliest record book extant commences with an entry of 29 April, 1648, but entries with earlier dates occur, some dating back to the year of the fire which lost us the important earlier proceedings. In 1652 an attempt was made to preserve as much as could be recovered from the earlier records, and from that transcript we learn that in 1639 a book was bought, " for the en- trying of the Towne Lands and other weighty bussinesses being fully agreed upon which may concerne the Inhabitants of thes Towne of Rocksbury." Twenty pages, several blank, in the transcript of 1652 contain all that was saved, and tell nothing of town proceedings, being chiefly the record of land transfers, and a few grants. In 1669 John Eliot and Thomas Weld stated that the School book and charter were destroyed at the burning of Johnson's house (Dillaway; History of the Grammar School in Roxbury), and the Roxbury records were also destroyed at that time. 28 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES Weld that Mrs. Anne Hutchinson was kept a prisoner in the winter of 1637. Next south of Rev. Thomas Weld was the homestead of John Woody, and between Woody and the road to Dorchester, now Dudley Street, was the home of Rev. John Eliot. This is in part occupied by the People's National Bank building and the Dudley Street Terminal. Opposite Eliot was the mansion of Gov. Thomas Dudley. This was truly the court end of the town, here were the homes of the wealthiest and most respected people, and all of the lots, perhaps originally allotted in units of two or two and a half acres, were undoubtedly taken up by the first settlers, from one of whom Hewes probably purchased his homestead on his arrival. The first book of Roxbury records, in which any transactions in lands would have been recorded if recorded at all, for it was not obligatory to record land sales until a later date, was badly damaged at the fire at Johnson's 6 April, 1645. In 1652 the town ordered a copy of so much of this book as remained legible, and again, three years later, mention is made of the transcript of that copy. It is the second copy which has come down to us, and this opens with the record that " The First day of the Fowerth moneth Commonly called June, 1639, this booke was bought (by the Seven men then imployed in the Towne affairs) for the entrying of the Towne Lands and other weighty busi- nesses being fully agreed upon which may concerne the Inhabi- tants of thes Towne of Rocksbury and payed for the booke Fower shillings." A few entries only have been preserved, but of these is a transaction of Hewes in 1640, and a " Note of the estates and persons of the Inhabitants of Rocksbury." This list is un- dated, but is entered between an entry dated 1640 and an account of Joshua Hewes in 1644. From internal evidence it was prob- ably a list of the proprietors of estates in town in 1639. Seventy persons are listed, with possessions running from three acres to 356 acres. Thirty-one persons are rated for less than 20 acres each, and twenty-three as holding between 20 and 40 acres. Five held between 40 and 100 acres inclusive. The five largest land- owners were as follows : Joseph Weld, 278 acres. Joshua Hewes, 288 acres. Phillip Eliot, 3-5 acres. .Mr. Thomas Weld, 333 acres. Mr. Thomas Dudley, 356 acres. \P&L LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 29 John Eliot, the pastor, Thomas Weld and Thomas Dudley were the only ones on the list dignified with the title " Mr." One woman, the " widow " Iggulden, appears on the list. There were other residents in the town, employees of the proprietors. Of the proprietors named, twenty-seven were admitted as freemen in 163-1 or earlier, eight in 1610 or later, and twelve appear never to have had the franchise. There were, therefore, at the time this list was made up, at least forty-nine freemen in Roxbury, a very large proportion to the entire population for that time. There were probably considerably less than one hundred dwellings in the whole town. The Book of Possessions in 1652 lists but one hundred and three estates, including a group of heirs to an estate. This agrees very well with Johnson's statement of one hundred and twenty dwellings in that year. The entire unappropriated lands of the township belonged to these proprietors to grant to those who might be admitted later, or to divide among the whole number of proprietors, the " Com- moners " as they were called in some towns because of their right to the common lands. The people of Roxbury obtained in 1638 an additional grant from the General Court of 4000 acres " be- cause Dedham doth shorten them." In 1636 they had had their limits set at eight miles from their meeting house. Prior to the transfer of the Charter in 1630 the Company had agreed to grant to each adventurer in the common stock 200 acres for each £50 so advanced, and for each person who came at his own cost, and for each person sent by them, also fifty acres. Later we find grants by the General Court to particular persons claiming under this promise, but the first settlers re- ceived so liberal treatment, in the acquiescence of the authorities in whateA r er rights the freemen assumed as to the disposal of the lands within their particular plantations, that there were few early specific grants of this nature 6 demanded. The estate, consisting of the house with four acres which Hewes possessed in the main street of Roxbury. passed from him to 6 The action of the Company regarding allotment of lands was taken 19 May, 1629. " Concerning the allottment of lands to those persons as are ad- venturers in the common stock it is thought fitt that letters he writt to the Governor to sett out & allott unto them after the proporc'on of 200 ac. of land ffor 50 lb. adventer, & after yt rate for more or less, to the intent to build their houses & to improve there labors theveon; nnd if within 10 dayes after their arrivall, & demand made by aney particular adventurer in 30 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES Foote ; was seized by Rogers, claiming under Crane to whom Foote had mortgaged the same ; was recovered by Hewes as ex- ecutor of Foote, and by him sold to Stebbins and Alcock, the latter of whom conveyed his share to Stebbins ; and at Stebbins' death was sold by his widow to Meade. None of the deeds to 1680 indicate that a tavern stood on any part of the land, despite Drake's statement that before this time the Greyhound tavern was an institution in RoxbuiT and stood on Hewes' lot. At first lands were allotted by mutual agreement and consent ye common stock, or his servant for him, the same be not soe allotted, then each man, being an adventurer, Is heereby permitted Free Liberty to build in aney plase where himselfe shall thinke most convenient, with reser- vacion not to build or manure that alreddy built on or manured; provided yt if the plott of ground whereon the towne is intended to bee built bee sett out, yt it bee publiqueley knowne to bee intended for that purpose, that then noe man shall presume to build his howse aney where else, (unless it bee in the Massachusetts Bay, and there according to such directions as shall bee thowght meete for that plase,) but in Case his alotment bee not sett out within the towne where he shall build, and having in his owne name, or in the behalfe of his master, made request to the Governor to have the same assigned to him, if it bee not done within 10 daies after his arryval, it shalbee ffreey ffor aney In such case, beeing an adventurer in the commin stock, to build his howse within the foresaid plott of ground sett out for the towne to bee built on, & to impale to his owne use preporcionable to halffe an acre of ground for 50 lb adventer in ye common stock, unless a greater or lesser pre- porcon be formerly determyned of by the Governor & Counsell; In which Case that preporcion is to be made use of & appropriated to each man within ye liberties of ye plott sett out ffor the towne to bee built, and it is ordered, that conveyance bee made in ye Companies name, with the Common seale of the company to it, to aney yt shall desire it, for ech mans peaseble injoying of ye land he holds, at the charge of the Company. It is further thought fitt, & ordered, That all such persons as goe over at their owne charge and are adventurers in the common stock, shall have lands allotted to them for themselves and their families forthwith, 50 acres of land for each person; but being noe adverturers in the common stock, shall have 50 acres of land for the Mr. (master) of the family, and such a proporcion of land more, if there bee cause, as, according to their charge & qualitie, the Governor & Councell of New England shall thinke necessary for them, whereby their charge may bee fully & amply supported; unless it bee to any with whome the Company in London shall make any particular agreement, to which relacion is to bee had in such case. And for such as transport servants, land shalbe allotted for each servant, 50 acres to the Mr (master) ; which land the Mr. is to dispose of at his dis- cission, in regard the servants trans]>ortacon, wages, &c, is at the Mrs. (master's) charge." These orders were passed for the direction of Endicott, but remained the authority under which land was afterward allotted. Grants according to " charge and quality " were strictly in accordance with the practice of the day, those able to cultivate a large tract receiving more than less able men. In Salem 50 acre grants were customary to new comers, as the town records show; persons of wealth receiving better treatment. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 31 of the chief men 7 in each plantation. By 163& freemen of each plantation took entire charge of this matter and granted lands to new comers legally admitted as inhabitants with them. As early as 1634 the General Court passed an order, recognizing the informal manner of taking up lands which had prevailed, empowering towns to grant lands, and providing for the proper registration of such grants and transfers thereof. ADMITTED FREEMEN Joshua Hewes was admitted a freeman of the Company 4 March, 1633-4, at a Court of Assistants held at Boston. At the same time there were admitted 26 others, of whom two, John Leavens and George Ruggles, were residents of Roxbury. To be eligible to admission as a freeman it was necessary to be a church member. Eliot states that Hewes " joyned to the church aboute halfe a yeare after " his coming, which would be March, 1633-4, the same month in which he was admitted a freeman. The date of admission to the church was probably Feb., 1633-4. At a General Court held at Boston 18 May, 1631, at which, however, it appears that there were present only the Governor and six Assistants, the number required by the Charter to hold a legal meeting, it was voted " to the end the body of the commons may be preserved of honest and good men, it was likewise ordered and agreed that for the time to come noe man shalbe admitted to the freedome of this body polliticke, but such as are members of some of the churches within the lymitts of the same." At the first General Court held in New England, 19 Oct., 1630, one hundred and seven persons asked to be made freemen. At the next General Court, that at which the qualifications for freedom were adopted, one hundred and sixteen persons took the oath, several of those who applied for admission not appearing on this second list. Up to October, 1630, names of a possible 7 In Aug., 1632, the jealousy between Winthrop and Dudley, who was deputy-governor, reached a climax. Charges presented by Dudley were re- futed by Winthrop. One of the charges made by Dudley was that Winthrop had disposed of lands to divers persons. Winthrop denied that he had dis- posed of lands " otherwise than the deputy and other of the assistants had done, he had only given his consent and referred them to the court." But he went on to say, " the deputy had taken more upon him, in that without order of court, he had empaled at Newton, above one thousand acres, and had assigned lands to some there."' 32 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 108 freemen have been recovered, and of these only a small num- ber came to New England. Compliance with the popular de- mand for admission as freemen would have been to run the risk of allowing the control of affairs to pass to men who might not have used it to the same end as the founders of the colony had planned. By placing the qualification for admission as freeman in the hands of the various churches, the control of the govern- ment was left in the hands of the most sober and intelligent men in the community. This plan also assured the carrying out of the church plans of the dominant element in the Company. 8 Be- tween the 18 May, 1631 and the 4 March, 1633-1, seventy-two freemen were admitted. Upon these 197 freemen, with so many of the Company who had come over, rested the entire responsibil- ity for the government of the colony, which was conducted through the Governor and Assistants, who held courts as re- quired. When Hewes arrived in New England he found a practical s On the 19 March, 1621% the Council for New England (which had been chartered in 1620, and had made ineffectual attempts to plant a settlement on Massachusetts Bay) granted a patent to Sir Henry Roswell, Sir John Young, John Endicott, all of whom are known to have been Devonshire men, Thomas Southcot and Simon Wheteomb, probably also of Devonshire, and John Humphrey. The last named had been treasurer of the Dorchester Adven- turers, who under Rev. John White's management had planted a small colony at Cape Ann. The capital of the Dorchester Adventurers having been ex- hausted, an association was formed to carry on their plans and to attract new capital. The grant extended from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and from a point three miles south of the Charles River to a point three miles north of the Merrimack river. Endicott sailed 30 June, 1628, with a score or two of companions, including many indentured servants of the company. In the meantime Mathew Cradock and the remaining associates whom Roswell and others represented, had taken steps to get a royal charter giving their com- pany the status of a corporation with nearly absolute powers regarding the conduct of affairs within the bounds of their patent. This was accomplished 4 March, 16-28-9, and Higginson and others soon followed Endicott. In the preparation of these expeditions and other expenses, the capital subscribed was sunk. Thus it came about that the actual control of the Company fell to those willing to make further advances. This led to the proposition to transfer the Charter to New England, and with it the control of affairs. On this being decided upon a number of persons of substance and responsi- bility agreed to go to New England to inhabit. Under their direction a com- pany of about 1500 persons were brought together and who were led by Wiiithrop to Massachusetts. "Winthrop found about 300 persons resident in the English settlements within the patent, chiefly at Salem and Charlestown, besides the 140 recently landed at Dorchester. During the following three years Winthrop notes the arrival of at least another thousand, and the de- parture of some, which with the deaths which took place may be accepted as offsetting the unrecorded arrivals. This would give a population for the ter- ritory under his government of about 3000 persons at the time of the coming of Joshua Hewes. A large number of these were unmarried servants, either LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 33 system of local government in force. The entire country within the patent was held by the Governor and Company of the Massa- chusetts Bay, a chartered commercial corporation with extraor- dinary privileges. The inhabitants of the territory derived their right to the lands possessed by them from this Company, of which only a minority were members. The head of the colony, or Com- monwealth, was the Governor of the Company, elected yearly by the whole body of Freemen assembled at a General Court. He was joined in the government by a Deputy-governor and usually nine Assistants, making a board of eleven Assistants, 9 who were also the magistrates. The Assistants or some of them met both as a council and as a court of magistrates. In their latter capacity they heard civil and criminal actions. Only freemen of the Company were eligible to hold any office, civil or military, or to be chosen as jurors. Gradually, how- ever, freemen were permitted to associate with themselves others of the inhabitants of their town to make choice of military officers and to participate in the management of town affairs, and even to be elected as Townsmen or Prudential men, the origin of the later boards of selectmen; but a majority of the board were required to be freemen. The New England town system was at of the company or of individuals. As whole families migrated, there were many children. Possibly an estimate of 500 families, as many men and maid servants, and as many other single persons, would not be wide of the mark, giving 900 or 1000 men who by reason of their stake in the country might reasonably expect some participation in the government. Of the men serv- ants — the term was then used as we would use employee today — most were free of their contracts within a few years. Several such were among the members of the Boston church. It is very evident that in 1634 less than one- fifth of the responsible adult male population were freemen, and this pro- portion lessened with each succeeding year. An analysis of the Boston church records shows some interesting figures. To Oct., 1635, there had been admitted to the church 159 men and 121 women. To 1641 there were admitted in addition 92 men and 98 women. Of these, 4 men were excommunicated, 33 dismissed to other churches. 5 women excommunicated and 19 dismissed to other churches; leaving a net gain of 55 men and 74 women, or a total of 214 men and 195 women, from which must be deducted deaths and removals without severing church ties. In the same period Roxbury church admitted about 115 men and 103 women, and lost by dismissal and otherwise 13 men and 13 women. Salem admitted 131 men and 133 women. 9 The Charter provided for eighteen assistants besides the Governor and Deputy-governor. Any seven assistants with the Governor or deputy, con- stituted a legal court of the company. Probably at no time prior to 1692 were there more than 1400 votes cast at an election of magistrates. The General Court of May, 1631, provided that " the like course (as in election) to be holden when they, the said Commons, shall see cause for any defect or misbehaviour to remove any one or more of ye Assistants." 34 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES first merely an association of freemen of the company, or such non-freemen who might have become proprietors in the planta- tion, who had settled at some place designated by the authori- ties, either by actual vote in Court or by tacit consent of the magistrates. The electors in the Commonwealth were the freemen of the Company, and this condition lasted as long as the power to manage their own affairs depended upon the Charter. The desire of Winthrop, and probably of the early leaders, was to restrict the participation in the government to as few as possible. At the General Court in the spring of 1634; Winthrop was superseded by Dudley, because of the feeling that the government was growing too centralized. Winthrop tells of a meeting of two deputies from each of the eight towns prior to the General Court, " to consider of such matters as they were to take order in at the same General Court ; who having met, desired a sight of the patent, and conceiving thereby that all their laws should be made in the General Court, repaired to the Governor to advise with him about it, and about the abrogating of some orders formerly made." Winthrop frankly told these delegates that when the patent was granted, the number of free- men was supposed to be (as in like corporations) so few, as they might well join in making laws; but now they were grown to so great a body it was not possible for them to make or execute laws, they must choose others for that purpose. As few were qualified for such important business, he indicated his preference of a method of revising laws enacted by the Assistants. He would have the governor summon a certain number of freemen to present grievances regarding the laws to the Court of Assist- ants. 10 The Court which met the fourteenth of May following took a more democratic view and agreed that none but the General Court could admit freemen, make laws, appoint or elect any of the principal officers, civil or military. Provision was made for representatives to be chosen by the freemen of the towns, with power to act for the freemen in all matters except the election of magistrates and other officers. The freemen to any great extent could not be present at the Courts of election and at first sent their votes by proxies, and later cast their ballots in their own town. A curious side light upon the events of the Court 10 Winthrop's Journal, I; 128. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 35 of election of 1634 and 1635 is thrown by the sermon in 1634 of Rev. Mr. Cotton of the Boston church, in which he took occa- sion, evidently perceiving what change was about to be made, to maintain " that a magistrate ought not to be turned into the condition of a private man without just cause, and to be pub- licly convict, no more than the magistrates may not turn a pri- vate man out of his freehold, etc., without a public trial." 1X This was evidently Winthrop's opinion, and in 1635 Ludlow, the deputy-governor, finding himself about to be left out of the gov- ernment, objected to the election of Haynes, who succeeded Dudley, because the deputies had agreed upon his election before coming to the Court. THOUGHTS OF INDEPENDENCE So much success promised to attend the exertions of the Massachusetts Company that it soon met with great opposition. In the winter of 1632-3, an attempt was made by enemies of the colony in England to bring about the appointment of a governor- general over New England, and for a time the friends of the colony in England and the colonists in Massachusetts feared that some action would be taken, which would to a great degree modify their charter, if not render it void. Resistance, even to a re- course to arms, was contemplated by Winthrop and his associates. This is shown by the proceedings in the colony at that time and the following year. At the General Court which met 29 May, 1633, at which Winthrop was re-elected governor, it was ordered " that the Fort at Boston shalbe finished with what convenient speed may be att the publique charge." Later and more favor- able news was received, and the erection of fortifications lan- guished, but on the 3 Sept. the Assistants ordered " that every hand (except magistrates and ministers) shall afford their help to the finishing of the fort at Boston, til it be ended." And on the 5 Nov. the Assistants require that after all the plan- tations in the Bay have done two days' work apiece at the fort, " there shall order go forth to Salem, Aggawam, and Saugus, to send in their money for three days' work toward it, for every man, except magistrates and ministers." Of the next Court, that at which Hewes was admitted a free- man, Winthrop notes in his Journal (page 125), "Upon offer ulbid., I; 132. 36 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES of some new comers to give liberally towards the building of a galley for defence of the bay, and upon consultation with divers experienced seamen and others, it was thought fitter for our con- dition to build a vessel forty feet in length, and twenty-one in bredth, to be minion proof, and the upper deck musket proof, to have one sail, and to carry whole culverin and other small pieces, eight in all. This was found to be so chargeable, and so long ere it could be finished, that it was given over." The proceedings at this court show a vote that " every Assistant shall move all newe comers (which have not adventured in the common stock) that they think fit to contribute towards the Sea fort, & if they finde any averse to desire the helpe of the nexte Assistant, & yet if neede require to acquaint the Court therewith," was reconsid- ered, probably upon receipt of the suggestion that these new comers would prefer to contribute toward a galley or floating battery, and the following vote passed in its place ; " Upon the consideration of the usefulness of a moving fort to be built 40 feet longe and 21 foote side, for defence of this Colony & upon the free offer of some gentlemen lately come over to us of some large sommes of money to be imployed that way, it is thought fitt that this matter shalbe moved to such men of ability as have not borne their parte in the greate charges of the Foundation of this Colony & for this end it is desired that every Assistant shall undertake the business for treating with such as are within the townes where they dwell & if they see fitt they may desire some other of the Assistants to joyne with them." This is followed with a list, titled " Gyven & promised towards the Sea Fort," which is headed by Mr. Haynes, one of the wealthiest of the " newcomers " on the Griffin, who subscribed 40 pounds. Mr. Dummer, another wealthy man and resident of Roxbury, gave 30 pounds. In all twenty-two men, all men whose names frequently occur in the colonial records, subscribed £144 in money and 1100 4 inch planks. Joshua Hewes gave 20 shillings, the same amount as John Johnson, Thomas Read and James Pcnn. William Stevens, the early shipbuilder at Salem, who had previously obtained considerable reputation in London, was to receive £10 for his care and expedition in the work. At the next General Court, of Sept., 1634, 12 it was determined is George E. Littleficld, in Early Massachusetts Press, writes of the ar- LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 37 » to erect fortifications at Castle Island, Dorchester and Charles- town, and strenuous measures were taken to enforce the com- pletion of the works at Boston and to encourage Salem to properly protect her harbor. The captains of the train bands were ordered to train their men every month. Governor Dudley, John Winthrop, John Haynes, John Humphrey, and John Endi- cott were appointed a commission " to consulte, direct, and give command for ye managing and ordering of any war that may befall us for the space of a yeare nexte ensueing, & till further orderbe taken herein." These steps were prompted by the news brought by late arrivals. Among these was John Humphrey, who arrived during the summer bringing military supplies and arma- ment bought with money contributed in England. The general despondency of the Puritan party in England, caused many Puritans of influence to turn their thoughts toward New England as a place of refuge. The action of the King in demanding the charter of Cradock, the former governor, gave only too plain an indication that willing tolerance by the King of the Company's rule was at an end. rival of Rev. Jose Glover, who came in the Planter, of which he was an owner: "The Planter carried as part of the cargo government stores which had been purchased by Mr. John Humphrey, the bill of lading for which was dated April 7, 1634. He and his wife, Lady Susan, daughter of the Earl of Lincoln, were probably passengers. As Humphrey and Glover were both stockholders in the Company, and were thus actuated by common interests, the inducements for Mr. Glover to cross the ocean at this time were very strong, and the arrival of the Planter in Boston Harbor in June, 1634, would seem to mark the month and year of Mr. Glover's arrival in New England. " Their arrival was very opportune. Mr. Humphrey had been present in the council chamber when Mr. Cradock, having been called upon to produce the charter and having replied that it had been taken to New England four years before, was directed to send for it at once. Mr. Glover was a member of the Company and probably cognizant of the action of the council. Mr. Hum- phrey and Mr. Glover could furnish exact information concerning the condi- tion of affairs in England, and materially aid the colonial government in adopting the measures most suitable for its preservation. It was undoubt- edly due to their information that the governor and assistants, when they received Mr. Cradock's letter containing a copy of the council's order re- quiring the return of the charter, adopted a waiting policy and returned an- swer to Mr. Cradock, that it would be necessary to refer the matter for action to the General Court, which would be held in the following September. This letter was carried to Mr. Cradock by Mr. Winslow, who went to England in July, in one of the returning ships, among which was the Planter. At the court held in September, it was ordered that six hundred pounds be raised 'toward fortifications and other charges,' which were hastened, says Win- throp, 'because there came over a copy of the council, to call in all pat- ents.' This act surely indicated armed resistance, and certainly foreshad- owed, if it was not the initial act of the American Revolution." 1973 38 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES MARRIAGE. The marriage of Joshua Hewes was the third recorded in Rox- bury. It took place 8 Oct., 1634. His bride was Mary Gold- stone of Watertown, youngest daughter of Henry Goldstone, who settled in Watertown the preceding May or June. The Gold- stones, Henry, his wife Anne, and daughters Anna and Mary, aged 18 and 15 years respectively, had sailed from Ipswich in Sept., 1634. Mary Goldstone was baptized at Wickham Skeith, Suffolk, 26 Feb., 1620, and was less than sixteen years of age at the time of her marriage. Her father, Henry Goldstone, died 25 July, 1638, aged 46, and her mother soon after married John George of Watertown, who in turn died in 1647. The widow lived until 26 April, 1670, when she died in Watertown, aged 79 years. The inventory of goods possessed by the widow Goldstone when she married George, appears in the settlement of his estate, and shows that Goldstone had a well equipped house and farm. An account of the Goldstone family will be found elsewhere in this volume. Anna Goldstone, sister of Mrs. Mary Hewes and only other child of Henry Goldstone, married, prior to 1635, Henry Bright of Watertown and had eight children by him. 13 The B rights were an important family in Watertown, and Henry was many years a selectman and deacon. This marriage connected Hewes with a large circle of more or less influential persons, and undoubtedly exercised some influence upon his career. His own sisters married in Roxbury, so that he enjoyed an ex- tensive family connection in New England, among whom must be included Caleb and Nathaniel Foote, the former of whom was in business with him in 1650, and the latter of whom settled in Watertown in 1634, but removed to Wetherfield in 1636 and died soon, leaving a large family excellently connected. 13 The children of Deacon Henry Bright were: Anna, died 1639, aged 4; Abigail, married, 1659, Elisha Odlin of Boston and had several children; Mary, married, 1657, Nathaniel Coolidge of Watertown, a well-to-do man; John, who died 1691, without issue, having been deacon in the church at Watertown; Anna, married, 1670, as his second wife, Capt. Samuel Ruggles of Roxbury; Elizabeth, married, 1674, Walter Hastings of the Cambridge family of that name; Nathaniel, died 1726, aged 80; and Beriali, who mar- ried, 1671, Isaac Fowle of Charlestown. Acmrding to the custom of the day, these relatives by marriage would be regarded by Hewes as his own nephews and nieces. PEDIGREE OF GOLDSTONE [From Bond's Watertown.] Roman Goldstoxe, buried at^^JoxE, buried at Bedingfield, 1 Bedingfield, Suffolk, 23 Nov., 1575. June, 1579. William Goldstoxe, vicar of= Bedingfield. Will proved 4 May, 1609. Margaret, buried at Wickham Skeith, 5 June, 1620; mar- ried 24 April, 1581. bapt. Henry Goldstone, July, 1591, at Wickham Skeith; died 25 April, 1638, at Watertown, Mass. Emi- grated to New England in 1634. 17===Anne, died 26 April, 1670, aet. 79, at Watertown. She mar- ried, second, John George. Lieut. Joshu a=Mary Goldstoxe, Hewes of Bos- bapt. 26 Feb., ton, N. E., born 1620, at Wiek- 1611-12; died ham Skeith; 1676, at Boston; died 23-6-1655. married 1634. Anna Goldstone,=^Hexry Bright of bapt. 16 May, Watertown, died 1615. See page 1686. 38. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 39 MILITARY SERVICE. As early as 22 March, 1630-1, the Assistants had ordered the towns to see that every person except ministers and magistrates, " as well servants as others," be provided with good and suffi- cient arms " allowable by the captain or other officers," those unable to provide them to be supplied by the town. There is nothing earlier than this vote throwing light upon the organiza- tion of the military companies in the Colony, which, however, employed Underhill and Patrick, typical professional soldiers of the day, both of whom later were a source of trouble, as military leaders with rank of captain. Underhill was the senior in com- mand, and immediately under the Governor's eye. Patrick was stationed at Watertown. At Salem, John Endicott, himself a soldier in his youth, said to have been a captain in the wars in the Netherlands, had com- plete charge. With him was associated Samuel Sharpe. Endi- cott and Sharpe had undoubtedly organized and drilled their men as a military company. The first mention of the Salem com- pany in the Colony records is in 1632, when Capt. Trask held the command he continued to hold for several years. At the time of Hewes' arrival, the various plantations had their " train bands " with inferior officers of their own selection. In July, 1631, the General Court ordered that on the first Thursday in every month there should be " A general traineing of Capt. Underbill's company att Boston and Rocksbury, and every first Friday in every month there shalbe a general traineing of the remainder of them who inhabitt att Charlton, Mistieke, and the new towne (Cambridge), att a convenient place aboute the Indian wigwams, the trainein to begin att one of the clocke in the afternoon." Richard Morris, who had been sergeant and ensign, was ap- pointed as Underbill's lieutenant, and in Sept., 163-t, was ordered to train the Roxbury company. Roxbury later received a grant from the Colony to help pay him. Morris was one of the few trained soldiers in the Colony. The need of a school for miltary officers, where the several leaders of the town bands could obtain instruction and uni- formity in drill and tactics, led to the formation of a military company in Boston which should be largely composed of the 40 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES officers of the military companies throughout the Colony. Twenty-four persons seem to have joined with Robert Keayne, a prominent Boston merchant, in asking for incorporation as a military company with special privileges. Winthrop notes in his journal under date of 12th month, 1637-8, " Divers gentlemen and others, being joined in a mili- tary company, desired to be made a corporation, etc., but the council, considering (from the example of the Pretorian band among the Romans and the Templars in Europe) how danger- ous it might be to erect a standing authority of military men, which might easily in time overthrow the civil power, thought fit to stop it betimes. Yet there were allowed to be a company, but subordinate to all authority." This doubt of the advisability to incorporate a military com- pany was strengthened by the disturbance created by the opinions expressed by Mrs. Anne Hutchinson, whose friends numbered many prominent men including some of the leaders in the mili- tary organizations. Fifty-eight Boston and five Roxbury men were disarmed, also some of other plantations, because of sup- port given Mrs. Hutchinson. At this time there were about one thousand freemen in the entire colony. The military organization consisted of three regiments, of the first of which John Winthrop, Sr., was colonel, and Thomas Dudley, lieutenant-colonel. This regiment was composed of the train bands of Boston, Roxbury, Dorchester, Weymouth and Hingham. It was to this regiment that Joshua Hewes belonged, and in which at this time he probably held the post of sergeant in the Roxbury company. 14 i* The second regiment was composed of the companies of Charlestown, Newetown (Cambridge), Watertown, Concord and Dedham, and was com- manded by John Haynes and Roger Harlakenden. These two regiments were of the " Bay." The third regiment was the Essex regiment, composed of the companies of Saugus (Lynn), Salem, Ipswich, and Newbury, and of which John Endicott was colonel, and John Winthrop, Jr., lieutenant-colonel. Gov. Winthrop described a general muster of the two Bay regiments, which he said numbered one thousand men and acquitted themselves very credita- bly. In August, 1632, the companies had been ordered to maintain their own captains, but two years later their maintenance was assumed by the Colony. It was enacted in March, 1(537-8, that thereafter none but freemen should be elected to any office in the Commonwealth, including captains of military companies and inferior officers, the election of whom, subject to approval by the Court, was left to all residents, freemen or otherwise, except "covenant servants in household with any other," who had taken the "resi- dents' oath." LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 41 The following year, fear of dissatisfaction among the military on account of the Hutchinson affair having disappeared, the General Court at its session of 13 March, 1638-9, upon petition, incorporated " Robert Keayne, Nathaniel Duncan, Robert Sedge- wick, William Spencer, gentlemen, and such others as have already joined with them, and such as they shall from time to time take into their other company," as the Military Company of the Massachusetts. 15 This company was designed to be formed upon the same plan as the Honorable Artillery Company of London, of which Keayne was a member from 1623 to 1635. Others of the first members of the Military Company of the Massachusetts had been members of the London organization ; as William Spencer, Richard Collicott, Richard Morris and John Underhill. And still others were among those who joined within the year, as Thomas Clarke, John Harrison, Thomas Hawkins, Richard Parker, Henry Phillips, Thomas Stowe and Richard Walker. The London company had existed from 1537, when Henry VIII chartered the " Guylde of Artillary of Longbowes, Cros- bowes and Handegones " and the place where they trained was known as the Military Garden. To this corps belonged the leaders of the London train bands, and it came to have the reputation of being composed of men who thoroughly understood the con- duct of armed bodies and use of the most improved weapons of the day. The first meeting of the Military Company of the Massachu- setts after the grant of the Charter is said to have been the first Monday of June, 1638, when Robert Keayne was chosen captain; Daniel Howe, lieutenant; Joseph Weld, ensign; and John Oliver and Joshua Hewes sergeants ; John Johnson clerk ; Arthur Perry, drummer. According to a Book of Discipline of that day the captain marched with his company, six feet before the first division of musketeers, and when his company was drawn up, at the head of the pikes, six feet before the ensign. The lieutenant's place was in the rear. The ensign, who in absence of captain and lieu- is Now known as the Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, which by maintaining its organization as a social military society, has perpetuated from colonial times the ceremonies connected with the induction of the newly commissioned officers. 42 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES tenant, commanded the company, marched at their head, carry- ing a half pike with the colors. He was instructed to be well skilled in displaying the colors above his head. Eighth upon the roll of the company is the name of Joshua Hewes, and there can be no reasonable doubt that he was one of the first to join with Keayne in his plan to incorporate the com- pany. He was probably already sergeant of the Roxbury com- pany. On Aug. 27, 1642, " Sergeant Hewes " was appointed by the General Court to carry out its orders in Roxbury to see that the inhabitants take all proper means to preserve certain materials to be used in making saltpetre, and on Boston records of date of 2 Dec, 1644, he is mentioned as sergeant, the occasion being a grant to set up a brick kiln near " Sergeant Hues cornfield near Roxbury gate." The Military Company of the Massachusetts changed officers nearly every year. Hewes' title of sergeant was probably from his office in the local Roxbury train band. In 1646 the General Court records note that " Lt. Jo Hewes " petition is granted, regarding the lay-out of certain lands. From this time on he is usually described as " Lt. Hewes," though, as formerly, he is sometimes given the then carefully guarded title of " Mr." He had thus already held the rank of lieutenant in the Roxbury company when, in 1653, he was chosen first ser- geant of the Military Company of Massachusetts. He was elected ensign of that organization in 1654, which was his last appearance on the roster of that body as an officer. The General Court was required to approve of all elections of officers of the rank of lieutenant or captain in any of the train bands, and men- tion of his appointment to the post of lieutenant might be ex- pected, but for some reason it does not occur. From existing records of the County Courts it is evident that the power to ap- prove of the election of officers was delegated not only to the standing council by the order of Dec, 1636, but to the Assistants sitting as a county court. This probably accounts for the omission of Hewes' confirmation in the General Court records. The County Court Records for Suffolk for this period are lost. In Aug., 1636, Capt. Underhill led 90 volunteers on a punitive expedition against the Block Island Indians. A more preten- tious expedition was that against the Fequots in 1637, when the LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 43 Pequot fort, situate in the present town of Groton, Conn., was destroyed. The records are silent as to the names of the men who took part in these expeditions and of the men enlisted for subsequent operations against the fugitive and desperate In- dians. Here and there, from mention in narratives of the " war," and from grants for services from towns to those who took part, and from other miscellaneous sources, a few names of the men have been secured. It is not unlikely that Joshua Hewes may have been one of the ninety volunteers under his captain, Under- bill, but there is no reason to suppose he took part in the latter affair, for which men were regularly enlisted or impressed. His business interests were growing, and he occupied too important a place in the local society to permit of his enlisting as a com- mon soldier, and certainly he was not one of the officers, as their names are known to us. 16 The part Hewes took in the military life of the day may have been the cause of his selection for other public offices. It does not appear that he ever sought office, but rather, because of his energy, his social and business connections, the office sought him. In a new country it usually happens that young men so largely predominate that what offices are to be filled, by force of necessity, must fall to them. In New England, however, in those days, the affairs of the Colony and towns were almost entirely managed by men of ripe years, large numbers of whom had come to the Colony with their families and estates. These men, too, were men of capacity, of recognized worth, and in most cases associated with men from their own neighborhood who had learned to look upon them with respect in the old country. That a man of Hewes' years should be chosen to fill responsible posi- tions is a good index to his ability; and because in those days social position meant much, and was a potent factor in the choice of officers in civic, church and military life, it is also an indication of his standing in the community. Besides filling the positions of Deputy, Selectman and Constable, he was feoffee of the Grammar School. He was also one of the committee to see is In the opening chapters of " Soldiers in King Philip's War " by Rev. G. M. Bodge, will be found a concise and instructive narrative of the mili- tary events of the New England colonies prior to the outbreak of the great conflict of 1675, and may be readily consulted by those who would learn more of the rather heartless conduct of the colonial authorities in dealing with the Indians. 44 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES after fencing and clearing the cemetery grounds at Roxbury, on the easterly side of the highway to Boston, and which was first laid out in 1641. DEPUTY TO GENERAL, COURT. The years 1640 and 1641 were not prosperous years for the Colony. The scarcity of money, the abundance of foreign goods shipped to what had formerly been a good market, all served to lower the value of the commodities produced or dealt in by the Massachusetts people ; and because of the great fall in values of goods, cattle and lands, the merchants were able only at great loss to satisfy the claims of their English correspondents and creditors. Winthrop says that estates of £1000 were found to have depreciated to £200. Thomas Dudley was Governor at the time the depression was at its worst. At the annual election, which was the first day of the General Court, 2 June, 1641, Rich- ard Bellingham, who had been Deputy-Governor under Dudley, was chosen Governor, and John Endicott, of Salem, Deputy-Gov- ernor. The election was not entirely satisfactory. Many free- men were denied the right to vote as they had not given up their votes at the door, upon entering the building. Winthrop tells us that Bellingham gained his election by a majority of six votes, and had the other votes been allowed might have failed of election. The deputies sent to the General Court from the town of Rox- bury where John Johnson and Joshua Hewes. Johnson had fre- quently before been deputy. At this Court he was appointed to search for and preserve all of the Colony arms, the beginning of his long service as Quartermaster-general. This session of the General Court was one of great importance. Not only were a number of reforms introduced into the management of the Colony affairs, but deputies were awake to the necessity of stimulating development of the natural resources of the country. A monopoly for three years was granted to three persons (with instructions to admit one from each town, but from Boston four and from (harlestown two persons, to their " society " ), of all trade with the Indians and for furs, paying to the Company twenty per << nt of nil furs so obtained. Samuel Winslow having claimed ;i new method of making salt, was protected in his method for ten years. And " for ineurageinent of such as will adventure for the iliscovcry of mines, it is ordered, that whosoever shalbee at LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 45 the charge for discover}' of any mine within this jurisdiction shall enjoy the same, with a fit portion of land to the same, for 21 years to their proper use; & after that time expired, this Court shall have power to allot so much of the benefit thereof to pub- like use as they shall thinke equall that such persons shall have liberty hereby to purchase the interest of any of the Indians in such lands where such mines shalbee found provided they shall not enter any mans propriety without the owners leave." 17 The Court also voted to rescind the subsidy granted to en- courage the home manufacture of linen, woolen and cotton goods, and not to grant any farther " benevolences except in forraine occasions, & when there is money in the treasury sufficient, & our debts are first satisfied." The authority of the Quarterly Courts at Salem and Ipswich was made equal to the Court of Assistants, except in matters of life, limb or banishment; a sergeant-major-general of militia ap- pointed ; the Hilton patents at Dover and Strawberry Bank taken under the jurisdiction of Massachusetts. The people were en- couraged to cultivate hemp and flax. Laborers, because of the high wages charged by them were warned to moderate their charges, by reason of the low prices to which all commodities had fallen. The session was a busy and important one. 18 The trouble arising at the election of the governor probably led to the decision to refer to the freemen in each town the proposal as to whether each ten freemen should not select one to take their vote to the court of the election, the resolution commencing, " It being found by experience that the course of elections had neede to bee brought into some better order, the freemen growing to so great a multitude as wilbe overburthensome to the country, & the day appointed for that service will not afford sufficient time for the same, and the way of proxies (as it is called) is found subject to many miscarriages, & lossee of oportunityes for advise in the choyse." 19 When the October session of the Court was held, we find Joseph it Four years prior to this, in Nov., 1637, Abraham Shawe was granted half the benefit of " coles or iron stone " which should be found in any com- mon land " in the countryes disposeing." is See Records of the Colony of the Mass. Bay, pp. 318-334.. is At the next session in October, the question was again discussed, and we find it proposed to leave to the " three regiments " of militia the selection of what matters should come before the Court, and the question as to whether deputies should be chosen for a full year instead of each session of the Court. 46 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES Welde and William Heath, deputies from Roxbury in place of Hewes and Johnson. At the General Courts much business was considered which would find no place in the legislatures of the present day. It was the assembly of the freemen, by deputy, and the consent of the freemen was necessary to many proceedings. At first there was no code of laws. The nearest magistrate and the constable, theoretically the appointee of the General Court and except for Salem either chosen by the General Court or Court of Assistants, maintained law and order in the plantations. The rates due the " country " were collected by the constable. CONSTABLE AND TOWN OFFICER. There was no county organization until 1613 ; nor until 1636 was there any definite authorization of the custom of local govern- ment which had grown up. The position of constable in those days was one of great au- thority, carrying with it the entire responsibility for the peace of the town, the carrying out of the mandates of the General Court, the collection of taxes and disbursements of town funds. The constable was chief of police, sheriff, town treasurer, col- lector; associated with the selectmen had authority to arbitrarily fix the rates a laborer might charge and to interfere between par- ties to a contract who felt aggrieved over the price of the work performed. His local powers were in excess of any town or coun- ty official at the present day. As a rule only men of means, in- telligent and with local prestige, were selected to this office. When this rule was deviated from it will be found the man if lack- ing in worldly goods or fortune had other equally good qualifica- tions, and earned the respect of the freemen who alone had a voice in his selection. As years passed more onerous and less honorable duties fell to the lot of the constable, and he was relieved of other of his duties and much of his arbitrary authority. But even then, and for more than a century, the constable was the collector of taxes. None but substantial or trusty men were elected to that office. It was the custom to elect men of such large business affairs that it was often impossible for them to accept the office without loss to themselves, in which case they could get excused by payment of a fine. There was no other civil officer below the LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 47 rank of a magistrate of so much consequence as the constable. His importance was greater than that of the Commissioners to Try Small Causes, established in 1638, and of the Clerk of the Writs, established in 1642. He was responsible for the payment to the Colony treasurer of the taxes assessed for the country, and probably collected these, as he did most of the town rates, al- though Dorchester choose her own " bailiff " for that purpose, and Dedham a " collector." When in April, 1634, it became necessary to take some steps to assure grantees of lands of their right therein, the General Court appointed the constable and four more of the chief inhabitants to make a survey of the possessions of each inhabitant and to record the same, this record to be an assurance of an estate in inheritance of such lands. The four men were to be chosen by the freemen of each town and to have the aid of the nearest magistrate. Constables also set the watch, a duty later assumed or shared by the captains of the train bands ; they were obliged to return the names of persons chosen as deputies to the General Court and to impress men and money for the public works of the Colony as re- quired by the overseers of those works, and they had power with two other chief men to fix the wages of the less skillful of the wage-earners. In a dozen ways their importance was manifest, aside from their duties in serving summons and attending to legal matters. Here their duties were taken by the marshall or his deputies, who made attachments and took execution. The con- stable was forced to carry the law into effect in criminal cases " unless he could find another to do it." This is an acknowledg- ment of the dignity of the office and respectability of those hold- ing it, who would not care to inflict corporal punishment. When prisoners were passing through their bailiwick they were respon- sible for them and for their delivery to the next constable. They had power to arrest for breaches of the peace, without warrants. In fact the office of constable was a distinguished position, carrying with it the whole local administration, receiving author- ity from the same central power which permitted the existence of the towns themselves. It was not until the General Court of 3 March, 1635-6, that the deputies took formal notice of the needs of the towns for an act which should take the place of a charter of incorporation. This act recites, " Whereas particular towns have many things 48 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES which concern only themselves, and the ordering of their own af- fairs, and disposeing of businesses in their owne towne, it is there- for ordered " that the major part of the freemen have power to dispose of their own lands, make orders not repugnant to those established by the General Court, to lay penalties for the breech of these orders up to 20 shillings, and to choose their own officers, " as constables, surveyors for the highways and the like." Two constables are allowed to the larger towns and these are to be strictly accountable to the General Court. 20 There are no records for the town of Roxbury prior to 164)7, but from an entry in the transcript of the original book we learn that Joshua Hewes 21 was chosen constable for Roxbury for two 20 Even with this permission not all the towns chose their constables. Dedham in her petition for incorporation, if such it may be called, in 1636, prayed the General Court " to assigne unto us a Constable that may regard peace and trueth." They also asked for remission from country rates for four years, but obtained remission for but three. The first mention of a constable for the town appears in the records of the Assistants for Dec, 1638, when John Hayward was appointed. No election of constables oc- curred in the town to 1659. In Cambridge the town elected a constable in Nov., 1634, the two previous officers having been appointed by the Court. Neither Watertown nor Dorchester chose their constables until a much later date, and the records of the General Court and Court of Assistants show the choice of Charlestown constables year after year, as well as choice of those for Concord, Sudbury, and other places. In Sept., 1635, the magis- trates were permitted to swear a constable for any of the plantations in Con- necticut, whom the inhabitants might select; William Westwood being chosen by the General Court for the plantations there in general. The same ses- sion Mr. Dummer was allowed to swear a constable at Newbury. The Court at which the order was made empowering towns to choose their officers, was that at which the Quarterly Courts were established for what are now the counties of Essex, Middlesex, and Suffolk; and it is probable that those courts took the responsibility of appointing where no election was held, and of confirming in other cases, the choice of constables. 2i Among those serving as constables contemporaneous with Hewes were such men as Edward Tynge, a prominent merchant in Boston, brother of the Colony treasurer; Henry Bartholomew, a wealthy and prominent mer- chant in Salem, who was prominent in colonial affairs; Edward Goffe of Cambridge, one of the wealthiest of that town, county treasurer, and magis- trate; Edward Oakes, selectman, deputy through a long term of years, and cornet, quartermaster and lieutenant, and father of Urian Oakes, president of Harvard College; Edward Collins, a large landowner in Cambridge, and one of the prominent citizens, selectman, deputy and deacon; Edmund An- gier, a merchant and woolen draper, well connected both in old and New England; Gervase Garford of Salem, on the old records styled "gentleman," a deputy to the General Court, and a prominent man; Thomas Gardner, who had been overseer or governor of the Dorchester Company at Cape Ann before Endicott's arrival, and who was long prominent in Salem; Samuel Thatcher of Watertown, deacon, selectman, deputy, and of good estate. The roll could be lengthened, for in those years hardly a man occupied this important office who was not of substantial estate, good family connection, LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 49 years, in 3d mo., 1642, and his account rendered 1-3 mo., 1644, is still extant. Among his predecessors in office were John John- son, prior to 1633, and William Dennison in 1634. How long these gentlemen held the position is not known, but they were elected for a specified term or until their successors were chosen. Johnson was surveyor of arms for the colony, a man of great worth, town officer, and deputy. Dennison was also a deputy. He was the father of Edward, George, and Major-General Daniel Dennison, all prominent men. At the close of his term as constable, Hewes, then also lieuten- ant in the train band, was chosen by the town men of Roxbury one of the " five-men " or selectmen. This office he held in 1644; named as such 8-1 mo., 1644 (Land records Roxbury), and in 1649. 22 The duties of the selectmen had become gradually pointed out by the necessities arising as the town system developed. Much of great interest has been published concerning the devel- opment of the New England town. Some have supposed our town system a survival of ancient Germanic institutions, others that it had its origin in the parish as managed in England, and some have seen its origin in the customs of commercial corporations. 23 Town records of date earlier than 1640 show that development of local government was not equal in all towns. With respect to the disposal of the town lands and admission of inhabitants the same rules prevailed after 1631. Then follows the selection of certain freemen to act for all, sometimes with very broad powers but more often with very restricted powers. When Winthrop arrived in Massachusetts, he landed within the jurisdiction of Endicott and his council at Salem. This council, given Endicott by the Company after its incorporation, consisted and more or less active in town affairs, and often in the larger affairs of the Colony. Any exception was sure to be a man of unusual parts, trusty and respected. As Roxbury records are lost it is only through knowing what others in like position were, that we can judge of the probable activi- ties and respectable position held by Hewes at that time, when he was still a young man. 22 Selectmen chosen 21-13 mo., 1648, were Capt. Purchase, Lt. Hues, John ( ), John Boles and "brother Williams" (Roxbury Town Record). 23 For instructive theories concerning the development of the New England town system see a collection of papers and letters on that subject by Charles Francis Adams, Abner C. Goodell, Jr., Mellen Chamberlain and Edward Channing, reprinted from the proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society for Jan., 1892, entitled " The Genesis of the Massachusetts Town, and the Development of Town Meeting Government." 50 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES of nine members, to which the " Old Planters " were invited to elect two of their number. None of these Old Planters were free- men of the Company until after Winthrop's arrival. Because of this earlier organization the transition of the government consist- ing of Endicott as the principal member and a magistrate of the Colony, assisted by the freemen residing in Salem, to a town coun- cil, was but a small change. The earliest records of Salem com- mence 26 Dec, 1636; but a book of Grants commences 1 Oct., 1634 and contains abstracts from the earlier and now lost town records, by which it appears that in 1631 thirteen men, out of the whole body of freemen in the town, could act for the town re- garding the disposal of lands and prudential matters. These records have been printed by the Essex Institute. One of the early acts of the Assistants, 30 Sept., 1630, was to appoint constables for Salem and Dorchester, the two settlements not made under Winthrop's leadership. Dorchester was estab- lished by a company who arrived from the West of England in May, 1630, and settled at Dorchester 6 June, more than a week prior to Winthrop's arrival at Salem. For three years it was the most populous and wealthiest of the towns. In October, 1633, the Dorchester records note the vote of the inhabitants to delegate their powers to a select number, which is the earliest mention in any record of the origin of the Board of Selectmen. Boston records commence 1 Sept., 1631, and the town affairs were then already managed by ten men chosen by the whole town. This is in accord with Winthrop's advice to the delegates in April of that year. Cambridge adopted such a plan 3 Feb., 1631-5, and Charlestown the 10th Feb., the same year. In the earliest records the intent of the proprietors to look after and guard their own interest as partners is manifest. As the towns multiplied and grew in population, there developed an effective system of local self-government of which the General Court, composed of representatives of the freemen of the several towns, took notice of, regulated, and brought into a common or- der, and determined the duties of the various officers, both as rep- resentatives of the towns and as officials to carry out the orders of the General Court and of the lesser courts and authority es- tablished by law. The very satisfactory local government of the Massachusetts town meeting, has failed only with the growth of a town beyond the point where all concerned can intelligently par- LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 51 ticipate, and through the never anticipated admission of undesir- able foreign elements. Permission was granted to groups of settlers to establish a plantation. These were recognized as proprietors of the planta- tion, which at first had somewhat indefinite bounds, and to have the right to admit others to join with them as inhabitants. These inhabitants were the freeholders of the town, and held in common the territory not already assigned or selected as homesteads. Later they became known as the body of proprietors. 24 The authority of the Company, the actual government, was represented by the constable during the infant stage of town government. He was at first appointed by the General Court, but later elected by the freemen of each town, and thus served as the connecting link between the plantations and the general govern- ment. Any freeman of the Company had a right to settle in any com- munity and take a certain amount of land for his own use, if his application for land had not been granted. The proprietors formed a close corporation and were jealous of their rights in the lands, which they disposed of by vote in general assembly, or by delegated authority. Such as were free- men of the Company were later especially empowered to meet and adopt such rules and orders as best served their purposes, and un- der certain limitations to elect the necessary officers. The distinc- tion between freeman and inhabitant was not always observed in town meetings. This is shown by votes of the General Court from time to time, regulating the composition of such meetings, and sometimes giving special privileges to non-freemen. Only freemen could legally be chosen to any office, and of course only freemen could vote for deputies. In each town as soon as maybe a church was set up, to the support of which all were obliged to contribute, and at which all had to attend. The congregation as such had no voice in the government of the church. The church proper con- sisted of a small and select number of the inhabitants, and con- sisted of all classes and both sexes. Only church members could be freemen of the company, but all male church members were not freemen, and because of the original composition of the company 24 There grew up a distinction between proprietors and inhabitants ; the latter were only admitted as proprietors by formal vote. 52 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES and liberal treatment of the Old Planters there were some free- men who were not church members. At the close of 1633, there were eight plantations in the patent; Salem, Dorchester, Charlestown, Watertown, Roxbury, Boston, Lynn (Saugus), and Cambridge (Newtowne). There were eleven assistants, including the Governor and deputy-governor, residing as follows : Gov. Winthrop and William Coddington in Boston, Deputy-Gov. Dudley and Simon Bradstreet in Cambridge, Sir Richard Saltonstall in Watertown, Roger Ludlow in Dorchester, William Pynchon in Roxbury, John Humphrey in Lynn, John Endicott in Salem, Increase Nowell in Charlestown, and John Win- thrope, Jr. The last named that year took up his residence in the newly authorized plantation of Ipswich, which with Winnesement (a part of Boston after this), Wessaguscus (later organized as Weymouth, and the oldest settlement in the Bay), Natascott (a part of Barecove, later Hingham), and Medford (Craddock's es- tate) were not of sufficient consequence to send deputies to the General Court of 1634?. There is little cause to doubt that at first local prudential affairs were directly under the management of the resident magistrate and constable. There were also in each of these plantations a train-band with officers, although only Bos- ton, Salem, Watertown, Dorchester, (and early in 1634, Saugus,) enjoyed the privilege of a captain. 20 Thus each plantation 26 had its magistrate, by accident of his residence there, probably at first by intent; its constable chosen or approved by the Court; and military officers chosen by the freemen and approved by the General Court or appointed directly by the Court. 25 Capt. John Underhill of the Boston company, and commander of the soldiers of Roxbury and Charlestown, and at first of Cambridge (New- towne): Capt. Daniel Patrick of Watertown: Capt. John Mason of Dor- chester: Capt. William Trask of Salem: Capt. Nathaniel Turner of Lynn (Saugus). Underhill and Patrick were regularly in the Colony pay, as was Lt. Morris. See above. 28 The sole exception was that Boston had no constable appointed by the Court. Perhaps the residence there of the marshal, James Penn, sufficed at first, but by 1634 there was a constable (Boston records) whose name does not appear on any record. Except for the appointment of John Woodbury as constable at Salem, 30 Sept, 1630, neither the Court of Assistants nor the General Court seem to have taken any notice of Salem, except to assess its proportion of taxes, im- plying that whatever system of local government existed there was satis- factory. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 53 THE FREE SCHOOLE IN ROXBURIE During the first few years of the Colony whatever schooling youth had was such as they might obtain in the family, or by the aid of individuals encouraged to gather such as sought instruction into some sort of school. In 1635 Boston in town meeting voted, " that our brother Philemon Porment shall be intreated to become scholemaster for the teaching and nourtering of children with us." This is the first entry concerning schools on Boston records, and the only entry until 1641, when steps were taken for a free school. But because the matter of schools was not mentioned prior to 1635, is no reason that none existed, for although it is plain that a school was kept after 1635, the records are equally silent for six years thereafter. So in Dorchester, in 1639, Thompson's Island was set aside to be rented for the benefit of a school to be kept in Dorchester, where English, Latin " and other tongues, and also writing " should be taught, and the question " whether maides shalbe taught with the boys " is left to the discretion of the elders and the seven men (selectmen). Mr. John Fiske who had arrived in the Colony in 1637, having removed to Salem, taught school before he was called to assist Hugh Peter, pastor of the church there, and probably continued to prepare boys for college until his removal to Wenham in 1642. In 1639 the town employed " young Mr. Norris " to teach school. At Roxbury it is probable that some arrangement of a private nature provided elementary instruction for the children, at least of the boys, but the first suggestion of a free school there occurs in the will of Samuel Hagborne, made the 19 Jan., 1642-3. 27 Hagborne was a neighbor of Joshua Hewes, who witnessed his will. Hagborne provided " out of my greate desire to promote learning for Gods honor & the good of his church . . . that when Roxbury shall set up a free school in the towne, there shall be 10 s. p. annu out of the neck of land, & 10 S. P. annu out of the house & house lot unto it for ever." The will was proved 8 March, 1642-3. The provision made by Hagborne, charging certain of his lands with an annual rent toward the maintenance of the school, was the method afterward adopted by those who 27 Original will in Suffolk files 57. 54 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES founded what is now the Roxbury Latin School, and the provision in his will leads to the supposition that the foundation of a school to be supported after this manner was being discussed. Prior to this date there had been established at Cambridge a grammar school, intended to fit for the college. In 164-3 Elijah Corlett was its master, and probably had been from its inception. Schools, other than the college, had not yet attracted the atten- tion of the General Court, and not until 1654, when an order look- ing to the choice of men of proper characters for schoolmasters was adopted, did the General Court interfere with the proceedings of the towns in providing instruction for their youth. In 1647 it had been enacted that towns of fifty families should support a school where English and writing should be taught ; and towns of one hundred families or more were to support a grammar school, which fitted for college. At the time Hagborne made his will there was no obligation laid by law upon the towns to support a school. It is true that in June, 1642, the General Court, " taking into consideration the great neglect of many parents and masters, in training up their children in learning and labor, ... do hereby order and decree, that in every town the chosen men ap- pointed for managing the prudential affairs of the same shall henceforth stand charged with the care of the redress of this evil." The order requires the selectmen to take notice of the children and see from time to time if the persons responsible for the up- bringing of the children have seen to their ability to read, under- stand the principles of religion, and are properly employed. It was a prudential measure, rather than providing for education other than ability to read, that they might have an understanding of religion. How soon after the bequest of Hagborne, Roxbury established the free school is not definitely known. But on the 20-3d mo., 1669, the Feoffees of the school petitioned the General Court to confirm the foundation of the school which had " gone on peace- ably for many years, till of late some interruption and opposition hath risen." In this petition it is stated that the first book and charter of the school was lost at the burning of John Johnson's house, but was renewed in the form then presented to the General Court. This renewal of the document is dated " last of August, 1645," "Whereas, the Inhabitants of Roxburie, in consideration of their relligeous care of posteritie, have taken into considera- LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 55 tion how necessarie, the education of theire children in Literature will be to fitt them for public service, both in Churche and Com- monwealthe, in succeding ages. They therefore unanimously have consented and agreed to erect a free schoole in the said Towne of Roxburie, and to allow Twenty pounds per annum to the School-master, to bee raised out of the Messuages and part of the Lands of the severall donors (Inhabitantes of the said Towne) in severall proportions as hereafter followeth under theire handes. And for the well ordering thereof they have chosen seven Feoffees who shall have power to putt in or remove the Schoolemaster to see to the well ordering of the schoole and schoolars, to receive and pay the said twenty pounds per annum to the Schoolemaster, and to dispose of any other gifte or giftes which hereafter maj r or shall be given for the advancement of learning and education of children." Then follow various provisions, and the names of the Feoffees, who were Joseph Weld, John Johnson, John Roberts, Joshua Hewes, Isaac Morrell, Thomas Lambe. The seventh on the list of the sixty-four donors was Joshua Hewes, who charged his " lot at the Pond by Capt. Weld being 18 acres in all " with sixteen shillings yearly. The yearly contributions so provided, ranged from two shillings to one pound four shillings. Seven con- tributed twenty shillings or more ; these were Gov. Thomas Dud- ley, Capt, Gookins, Mr. Thomas Weld, Mr. John Eliot, Capt. Joseph Weld, Mr. Hugh Prichard, and Thomas Bell. Joshua Hewes and John Gore each gave sixteen shillings ; none of the oth- ers gave more than thirteen shillings, and few gave over four shillings. The entire foundation amounted to £21-10-8 per an- num. Johnson's house was destroyed 6 April, 1615, hence it is clear that the school in Roxburie had been established, or at least means provided for its establishment, prior to that date, 2S and that Joshua Hewes was one of the original Feoffees. As the pe- tition of 1669 states that the more than sixty families contribut- ing to the foundation of the school, was in 1615 well nigh the whole town, the act was equivalent to a town foundation ; but the right of those who did not sympathize with the objects of the foundation, or for other causes, to refuse to pledge their lands 28 Proof of this is found in Weld's collection of funds in England for the College and other purposes. Mr. Weld was credited with the disbursement of £49, 9s for " Roxbury school and for charitable uses " out of the funds so collected. His accounts to 1647 are in Massachusetts Archives. 56 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES V- for its maintenance, was recognized. In the contract by which a school-master was hired in 1668, it was provided that the chil- dren of four families specified, should be taught gratis. The votes of other towns concerning " free " schools in those early days prove that it was not the indent that children should be taught " gratis " when the families could afford to compensate the master. 29 Only Boston, Dorchester and Roxbury seem to have provided an endowment for their grammar school. This cooperation by Hewes in the establishment of a Latin school, was not his only contribution to education. In 1636 the General Court had voted to give £400 in two pay- ments, toward the establishment of a college at Cambridge, and the next year appointed a committee to " take order for a college at Newton." The following year John Harvard bequeathed half of his estate toward the college. Rev. Jose Glover, who was undoubtedly intended by those interested in the establishment of the college 30 to be its first president, after laboring on this side for its establishment, had gone to England to obtain support there, and purchase certain necessary equipment, not the least of which was a printing press and type. As his death occurred on the return passage he did not participate in the actual inau- guration of the college. But his printing equipment was the source of great satisfaction to the colony. Among those who contributed £49 toward the purchase of a font of type, to which sum was added money contributed by various gentlemen in Am- sterdam, was Joshua Hewes. President Leonard Hoar in 1674, noted the names of the New England contributors, as follows : Major Thomas Clarke, Capt. James Oliver, Capt. Allen, Capt. Lake, Mr. Stoddard, Mr. Freake, Mr. Hues. 31 AS A MERCHANT The first shop opened in Boston was by John Cogan, about the 29 Salem in 1644 provided for the schooling of children whose parents could not afford to contribute toward the cost of the school. so The age of the students and the discipline to which they were sub- jected as well as the studies undertaken were all in marked contrast to the present day. It is said that two students robbed the houses of Joseph Weld and Joshua Hewes in the night to the extent of £15. Upon detection the government of the College ordered the culprits whipped, at the hands of the presidenl ! The students were James, son of Rev. Nathaniel Ward of Ips- wich, and B son of Rev. Thomas Weld of Roxbury. si College Book No. 1., page 32, quoted by Quincy. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 57 time of Hewes' arrival. On every hand there was a pressing de- mand for such supplies as a new settlement, rapidly increasing in population, would need. Laborers • also, both skilled and un- skilled, were in demand, and took advantage of prevailing condi- tions to exact the best wages they could. This led to the enact- ment of laws intended to prevent extortion by the laborer, and because his profits were thus limited, another law was enacted to prevent the merchant from taking a profit of more than 33^ per cent. The first of these laws was passed in August, 1630, imme- diately upon the arrival of the large company under Winthrop, and was as follows: " It was ordered, that carpenters, Joyners, bricklayers, sawers, and thatchers shall not take above 2s. a day, nor any man shall give more, under paine of Xs to taker and giver." Sawyers were limited as to the price they should charge for boards. The following month the wages which a mechanic could receive was limited to 16 pence, with food and drink, for the skilled laborer, and 12 pence for the less skillful. In October, 1633, this law was re-enacted in greater detail, specifying that the constable and two inhabitants of the town should fix the wages for the inferior sort of laborers. This attempt to interfere with the right to contract caused so much complaint that the General Court was led to enact ; " Whereas, by order of Court, holden in October last, the wages of workemen were reduced to a certainety, in regard of the greate extortion used by divers persons of little conscience, & the greate disorder which grewe hereupon, by vaine and idle wast of much precious time, & expense of those immoder- ate gaynes in wyne, stronge water, & other superfluities, nowe, least the honest and conscionable workeman should be wronged or discouraged by excessive prizes of those commodityes which are necessary for their life & comfort, wee have thought it very just and equall to sett order also therein. Wee do therefore hereby order, that after publique notice hereof, noe persons shall sell to any of the inhabitants within this jurisdiction any provision, cloathinge, tooles, or other commodities, above the rate of four pence in a shilling more than the same cost or might be bought for ready money in England, upon paine of forfeiting the valewe of the thinge solde, (except cheese, which, in regard of the much hazard in bringing, & wyne, oyle, vinegar, & strong waters, which in regard of leaking, may be sold att such rates (provided the same be moderate) as the buyer & seller can agree). And for 58 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES lynnen & other commodities, which, in regard of their close stow- age & small hazard, may be afforded att a cheap rate, wee doe advise all men to be a rule to themselves, in keeping a good con- science, assureing them that, if any man shall exceede the bounds of moderation, wee shall punish them severely." The law placing restrictions upon the rate of wages and limit- ing the profit which could be taken by merchants was repealed in Sept., 1635. 32 At the same time a law restraining all but certain commissioners previously appointed, from going aboard newly arrived ships was repealed. Concerning this Winthrop wrote : " For preventing the loss of time, and drunkenness, which sometimes happened, by people's running to the ships, and the excessive price of commodities, it was ordered, that one in each town should buy for all, etc., and should retain the same within twenty days at five per hundred, if any came to buy in that time. But this took no good effect ; for most of the people would not buy, except they might buy for themselves ; and the merchants ap- pointed could not disburse so much money, etc. ; and the seamen were much discontented, yet some of them brought their goods on shore and sold them there." This law had been in force only since the previous March ; it ran as follows : " It is ordered that no person whatsoever, either people of this jurisdiction or strangers, shall buy any commodity of any ship or other vessell that comes into this jurisdiction with- out licence from the governor for the time being, under the penalty of confiscation of such as shalbe so bought, or the value of them. Capt. Turner, Mr. Duncan, Mr. William Dennison, Mr. Coxeall, Mr. Woolridge, Mr. Mayhewe, Mr. William Spencer, Mr. John Holgrave, and Mr. Bartholomew, or any one of them, are au- thorized by the Court after any shipp or other vessell, hath lyen, 2-i hoyres att anchor, & is discovered to be a friend, to board her, take notice of what commodities she has to sell, confer about the prices thereof, and after to acquaint their partners therewith, who together, or the major part of them, all have liberty to buy all such commodities as they shall judge to be useful for the country, for present payment of bills of exchante, and at such prices as they can agree, which goods being so bought, shall be laid up by the said merchants in some magazine, near to the place where the ship anchors; and the said merchants shall, at any time during 32 It had once before been repealed, only to be re-enacted later. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 59 within this jurisdiction, such commodities as he needs, after £V notice thereof given to the several towns, sell to any inhabitant the space of twenty days after the said goods are landed, and per centum profit, and not above." Although the law regarding the taking of more than four shillings in the pound profit had been repealed the record of the Court of Assistants for Oct. 6, 1635, contains the following entry " Joshua Huyes hath Forfect v. s. for knives, & iiij. s. vj. d. for a sythe, which hee solde for above iiij d. in the shilling proffitt." At the same September court it was enacted that although the particular limitations regarding the rate of wages 33 and profits which might be taken was repealed, yet the intent of the law to prevent oppression by over-charges, .should stand. This law re- mained on the statute books until the repeal of the charter, under the title " Oppression," and there are several instances of persons fined for this cause. Hewes may have determined to test the law; perhaps his of- fence was singled out by the magistrates to vindicate their author- ity; it may be the evidence produced was such as to convince the Court of the error in attempting to regulate profits as well as prices ; but the fact remains that he was the only person presented for having transgressed this particular order. The specifications of his offence, of selling knives and a scythe, show that he was engaged in that business to which he had prob- ably been brought up by his uncle, that of a merchant in manu- factures of iron and steel. But he was also a merchant in the larger sense of the term, and soon engaged in importing English goods of every description. To carry on this business he had a warehouse at the town dock in Boston as well as his store in Roxbury. He was singularly free from lawsuits, the common experience of merchants of that day, which goes far to prove his uprightness and fair dealing with customers and principals. With the exceptions of his amercement by the Assistants in 1635, and a suit against him for debt in 1661, of so small an amount that from its sequence, as told in place, it is apparent he 33 For some years the towns from time to time attempted to regulate the price of labor, the selectmen being invested with power in such matters. The constable was also empowered, with two selectmen to adjust wages. See above. 60 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES defended on principle, his name, other than as agent or adminis- trator of Foote, does not occur in court proceedings. To one familiar with the commercial history of that period, this is an un- usual record. There is, however, a volume of notarial records which were made by William Aspinwall between Nov., 1644, and Oct., 1651, and an earlier record of Thomas Lechford extending over the period between June, 1638, and July, 1641, which throw much light on his business affairs. Lechford notes, " Copy of an account for Mr. Nicholas Terise & Mr. Joshua Hewes 2 s.," under date of 31 Oct. or 1 Nov., 1639. Also June, 1639, " John Johnson of Roxbury in N. E. yeoman in behalfe of Willm. Perkins gent, mortgageth to Walter Black- bome of Boston in N. E. merchant six ac. etc. . . . Mr. Blackborne to convey the same to John Johnson, Joshuah Hughes & Thomas Lambe And they 3 to become bound to Mr. Blackborne in &c for the paymt of the annuity." Under 23 Nov., 1640, " Captaine Richard Morris bound to Joshua Hewes for £14 to be pd 20 April." " Josiah Hewes of Roxbury in New England, mer- chant, makes a letter of Attorney to Capt. R. Morris to receive & recover of Richard Turner of Providence, planter, the summe of 38 s due 3 years 2-10 mo., 1640." The 19, 4 mo., 1641, John Pollard of Boston, merchant, made " Joshua Hughes of Rox- bury, ironmonger, and George Pollard of Duxbury in N. E., mil- ler, attorneys to receive debts," etc. Thomas Lechford had rather a stormy time while in Boston. He returned to England in Aug., 1641, sailing with Rev. Hugh Peter, Rev. Thomas Weld and John Winthrop, Jr., the latter to seek capital to develop the iron mines. Lechford would seem to have borrowed from Joshua Hewes, part at least of the money for his return passage, for the last entry made by him in New Eng- land, is as follows : "lam to pay Mr. Josuah Foote at the Cocke in Grace church streete eight pounds before Christmas next for which Mr. David Offley is bound with me to Mr. Joshuah Hewes of Roxbury in New England or els to be there payd to him &c by note or bill dated 27 July, 1641." The entries in Aspinwall's record book are more numerous than those made by Lechford. Hewes also appears there as attorney for other merchants in New England. Some of the more interest- ing items are as follows: LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 61 16-4 mo., 1648, at the request of Nicholas Trerice, master of the ship Chapman of London, Aspinwall went with him to Mr. Emanuel Downing and Benjamin Gillom, shipwright, to demand 200,000 treenails sold unto the said Trerice, Joshua Hues and Thomas Kemble by Robert Rich and Joshua Foote of London, merchants, with reference to a former bargain and sale made to the aforesaid merchants by the said Joshua Foote, Emanuel Downing, Stephen Winthrop and Thomas Bell in behalf of them- selves and Adam Winthrop and Benj. Gillom their portions, of a certain parcell of mast and treenails. And the said Emanuel Downing and Benjamin Gillom answered according as they did the last year, and according to agreement with the merchants by the said Emanuel, they would now deliver so many masts and tree- nails as his ship can take in, and the rest shall be delivered aboard such other ship or shipps as shall have order to receive the same. The said masts and treenails are ready to be delivered part here and part at the eastward according to agreement, but further they answer the said masts and treenails are to be de- livered together. Aspinwall protested in behalf of the said Tre- rice, " as well against the said Robert Rich and Joshua Foote, as against Emanuel Downing, Stephen Winthrop, Thomas Bell, Adam Winthrop and Benjamin Gillom, that whatsoever losses the said Nicholas Trerice, Josh. Foote, and Thomas Kemble alreadie have or may hereafter sustaine by reason of the non-delivery of the said 200,000 treenailes demanded, etc." " 27-9. 1648. I attested a Copie of a Bill of Clement Cam- pion or agreement with Josh: Hues Attr to Michael Charlton of London, grocer, for payment of £80 in full for two executions, the one for etc. . . to be paid 12 C weight Cotton at 8 pence per pound, one thousand weight tobacco at 4 pence per pound, and the rest in cordage." 27-5 mo., 1649. James Oliver assigned unto Joshua Hues a bill of Mr. Richard Bennets of 6555 pounds tobacco in the hands of Leo. Stronge to be paid to him the said Joshua or assignees with power of attorney. 22-7 mo., 1649. Michael Charleton of London, grocer, makes his trusty friends Joshua Hues and Caleb Foote both of Roxbury, merchants, his attorneys to recover debt due him from Clement Campion late master of the ship Constance, now living in Boston. Dated 8 May, 1648. 62 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 6-8 mo., 1649, Joshua Hues granted a letter of attorney gen- eral for all debts from all persons in Virginia unto David Selleck. In an account recorded by Aspinwall 15-8 mo., 1650, it ap- pears that Paul Allistree paid unto Mr. Nathaniel Vtie of Bar- badoes 6738 pounds of sugar for the account of Mr. Joshua Hues and Mr. Caleb Foote of Boston and Roxbury, merchants. These items show that Hewes was not only importing from Lon- don but was exporting to the Barbadoes and to Virginia, receiving their staples, sugar and tobacco, in the way of trade, and also exporting the products of New England to England. His busi- ness connection was extensive. We now come to a bill or invoice of goods shipped to him from London in 16-18. It shows how varied an assortment of goods a merchant of those days carried. This also was recorded by Aspinwall. 12-1 mo., 1618. Two certificates that the ship Chapman of London, Nicholas Trerice, master hath delivered here to Joshua Hues for account of Joshua Foote; 2000 goads cotton 40 pes baies 100 doz. cotton stockings 50 doz. worsted stockings 100 doz. woolen knit stockings 100 doz. child knit stockings 600 ells canvas 40 bolts sail cloth 50 sayes 50 serges 20 pes frize 40 doz. hats 500 pounds worth haverdash: 200 pounds worth upholstrie 30 doz. shoes 400 gross tobacco pipes 10 bbl. powder 5 tons shot 4 Fother leade 100 ells holland 40 Duffles 100 ells slasie lanes 200 ells slasie linnen 20 gross knives 4 gros cysers 2000 ells Efinghams 5 pes launes 3000 yards blue linnen 10 pes poule Davis 40 doz. sythes 10 hundred weight wroght iron 1000 ells Scotts cloth 300 weight cork 1000 weight match 100 pes Norwich stuffs 300 lbs mercery ware 3 chawder grindstones 20 chawder coales, and household stuff and other necessaries. 30 doz. shovels and spades. 30 bbl. nails. 50 pes lockram 100 pes calico 3000 ells Hamborough linen. 3000 ells canvas 300 pounds worth of grocery 400 yards ticking LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 63 100 pes lockram 6 hgs vinegar 3000 foot window glass 10 hundred weight corgage 50 sayes . 2000 yards holland 100 doz. cotton stockings 50 doz. worsted stockings 10 bbls. powder 3 tons lead 3 ton shot 40 pes duffles 100 pes Norwich stuffs 200 pound drugs 200 doz. drinking and other 40 doz hats glasses 300 pouns haberdashery 300 pounds Polonie wool 1000 ells German linnen 200 calicoes 50 pes Mohairs 4000 goads cotton. 500 weight wrought iron Household stuff and apparell 40 doz. bodies 2000 yards blue linen 10 cloth rashes 200 Northern kersies 15 Spanish clothes 25 Kentish cloths dressed 20 Northern Dohens These were entered at the Custom house 4 and 29th Feb., 1647-8. There are other consignments from Foote; the name of the person to whom delivered is not given. He shipped by the Beaver 17 April, 1646, and by the Dolphin, the Charles, the Trial, and the Merchant, the same year, Northern kersies, Span- ish cloths, Kentish cloths, Kentish and Spanish broadcloths, knives, scissors, household goods, mohairs, cotton stockings, hats, shoes, and other miscellaneous lots, including haberdashery to the extent of £500 value, hops, ironware, powder and shott. All of fair quantity. In 1650 he shipped flannel, waistcoates of flannel, pottery ware, turners ware, " lattin " wares and silk wares, 20 cauldron sea coal, 10 hundred weight of steel, 300 gals, strong waters, 30 doz. Monmouth caps, hats, upholstery, etc., very much as the invoice to Hewes. It is probable that all of the consignments of Foote 34 were to Hewes, and must have placed him in the front rank of New England merchants and with a stock of foreign goods superior to what was carried by them. No other merchant received so large consignments during the period 1646-1650. During these years of commercial activity, Joshua Hewes was thoroughly alive to the responsibility of developing the natural 3 * Caleb Foote appears to have been associated in business with his cousin, Joshua Hewes, for a few years about this time. In 1648 he was admitted to the Artillery Company, Lt. Hewes and Ensign Hudson being his sure- ties. He soon after returned to England. 64 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES resources of the country. His life was doubtless a busy one, for aside from his personal affairs he was called upon to serve the town in many ways, and his interest in military matters brought him into notice. His career as a public officer and as a soldier, lasted throughout his career as a merchant. The greatest commercial and industrial venture in which he engaged was his participation in what was the most important attempt in early colonial times to establish a necessary industry in Massachusetts. He also participated in the illfated attempt to secure possession of the fur trade of the Great Lakes, if not to establish the jurisdiction of the Massachusetts Bay Company in those parts covered by the Charter but so far to the West as to be beyond the reach of the Company by extension of its authority over-land. The first of these enterprises was the attempt to establish mining and manufacture of iron at Braintree and at Saugus. While leading to great financial losses to those who originally participated in the Undertaking of the Iron Works, the project was ultimately successful; inasmuch as the energy of those en- gaged led to the investment of a large capital in the erection of well equipped works, the exploitation of the iron ores of the bogs at Saugus and later in other places, and especially the migration hither of trained and skillful workmen who not only developed these resources, but introduced the manufacture of steel articles, as well as the casting of iron implements. The works at Brain- tree were early abandoned, the deposit of bog ore there proving to be of little commercial importance; but the works at Lynn, designated Hammersmith, under the successors to the original company, were profitably maintained in a small way until after 1680. It is probable, had the first owners been represented here by proper managers, expended less money on their initial equip- ment, and been able to avoid lawsuits with creditors in New Eng- land who took whatever advantage their being on the spot gave them, that returns commensurate with the investment might have been obtained. From the beginning made by the Adventurers at Braintree and Lynn, came the long successful iron works at Taunton, and the growth of an industry which has only lately been forced to abandon Massachusetts. John Winthrop, Jr., having become satisfied of the existence 1, , . •* feffTr ,U V Cfl«i I., . t* >. #' 0P &» «*& HI .•.*••".•. ■• : ,.^> ^^t^y «»^ *\ivt« «w»»y.'f <\iT.ui,»*»ti-* »^ %ut %Xe* 0aie- a . ■ fc-W »-*A H.,£ ^* tt „"« iU*r£ir „ ,< - v *6Vjl*U Wi"'--'4 v.-.i-.'; "CHARTER" OF THE H s/»u»rim»»,Y. - S» LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 65 of iron ore sufficient to make a bloomery and forge a successful undertaking, had proceeded to England, in 1641, with the hope of interesting capital in his project. He had, as seen above, procured a vote of the General Court, at that session at which Hewes was a deputy from Roxbury, of a grant for 21 years, of the use of any " mine " discovered. He was successful in rais- ing the required money, and after some delay returned to New England. Among those entering into the promotion was Joshua Foote. The General Court, in March, 1643-4, confirmed their former vote, and gave this company of Winthrop's a monopoly for twenty-one years under certain conditions, never wholly com- plied with. Such was the enthusiasm in the Colony over the iron works and the probable success of the undertaking, that 14 May, 1645, the General Court authorized the statement, " it is now found by sufficient purpose that the iron worke is very successfull, (both in the richness of the ore and the goodness of the iron) and like to be of great benefit to ye whole country," and in order that the country should be given due warning of the limit within which subscriptions to the stock would be accepted, " have taken order that speedy notice thereof should be given to every town " that shares of the value of £100 could be had in exchange for commodities which would satisfy the workmen, or for cash, and that these subscriptions are to be paid to Henry Webbe of Boston, " by such direction as they may receive from the under- takers, Mr. John Winthrop, Juni:, Major Sedgwick, Mr. Henry Webbe aforesaid, & Mr. Joshua Hewes." 35 There can be little doubt that Hewes had been one of the first interested by Winthrop in the proposed works, and perhaps he had been one of those to encourage Winthrop's visit to England. Any proposition looking to the local supply of iron would be of the utmost interest and importance to a man engaged in handling merchandise of the character he dealt in. The story of the iron works has been briefly sketched by vari- ous writers. Local pride, and insufficient research among our archives, which abound with materials concerning the project, has led to erroneous statements, ignoring the most important items and the very men who conceived, promoted, and financed the enterprise. 35 Colony Records, II, 103. 66 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES From the earliest inception of the Massachusetts Bay Company, hopes had been entertained of the discovery of metals in New England in commercial quantities. Both iron and copper were supposed to exist, but to the latter little attention was paid for many years, not until Endicott, who came from a great mining district, began mining for that metal. Search for iron-stone, as the ore was quaintly called in those days, began early, but the exigencies of the early settlers in making homes, the great returns to be had from the forests and the fisheries, diverted the attention of the settlers from opportunities for prospecting for metals. Nor is it to be expected that with the then limited knowledge of geology and metallurgy, that competent persons would be found who could prospect for ores. The younger Winthrop, however, was perhaps as well fitted as any of his generation to seek out the hidden wealth of the colony. To him is due the chief credit of making known the commercial values of the iron deposits in Massachusetts. He was anticipated by others in the discoveries of the iron deposits, and their extent. Compared with the great iron fields developed in this country in the last century, the iron deposits of Massachusetts are of so little conse- quence as to be negligible, but compared with the iron industry and resources of England in 1640, they were an item of im- portance. A forge handling ten and twenty tons of pig iron a week, in those days was an important institution, and this record was attained at Hammersmith in Lynn very early. The investment of capital representing 10,000 pounds sterling was for those days a large transaction, and for New England an im- mense one. The investment in the iron works alone was probably more than was actually invested by the Massachusetts Bay Com- pany in financing the Endicott and Winthrop expeditions. The' failure of the works under the original management brought loss and hardship to many a Massachusetts family, and contributed to, if it did not actually bring about the retirement of Hewes from mercantile life. It certainly was the cause of the financial troubles of Joshua Foote. THE DELAWARE EXPEDITION During the time this important undertaking was thought to have every prospect of success the General Court — under date of . ?'■- *•" ifi £<-,<• )» SPSl* 0-4{& o~L «a jf v.i*-M4+r& * s 3- 1 « y,S> ^^(""^ 4? ^Uvt^» (ply**? - _ -/ 6o : oL : e>o <* A $t>y <3 V »£\" V '( $*■ ft* ■*»■*£ ^5 -MX o \v I - A oo ; ^ ; o£ . i 4 ■' OO • o ' a €) Oi- < £ ~ — (7 : JO <£<• 9 flft jv j^$ « tf« „ ^ J ' rSri r J Jj /„„ $4nto\cb-L-l Uc"- 3 ^ tlb~^ ****** c0 ■ a Q ; <» <» e 4 : oo oj '■ o ° PAGE FROM LEDGER OF THE BRAINTREE FURNACE. /jl J/L^y^r- °t^\\o>**^- ">*» •• *U- * -y^y^ 4A-V..-1 *>,/„*♦ 9 i -, u , 1 z : •3 : »•! i^'M?'^ oo — /(•• .< ■ )/• : 00 ^4 /,- r »«.& ^ - - - - - fy"> ■ "7 : ' 6 J >*•, -«/> 1 ■ 10 <:> : 4y ! I : 00 If ■ : « / 1± 1 co : 1 <■> ! 2. . co/efl'oa: ■'1 ■ I ■ <■{ J ■ 1: z : 44 I to -. of. r, /.i .^ ■' - £ PAGE FROM LEDGER OF THE HAMMERSMITH FORGE AT SAUGUS LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 67 7 March, 1643-4, voted: "The petition of Mr. Valentine Hill, Capt. Robert Sedgwich, Mr. Willi : Tinge, Treasurer, Mr. Fran- cis Norton, Mr. Thom: Clarke, Joshua Hewes & Willi: Aspin- wall is granted them. First, they are established a free company of adventurers, with liberty to admit & take in any which they thinke meete for the advancement of the worke, & any that will may come in within this month ; but none after, except they ap- prove of them ; they are granted power to make such wholsome orders for the wellmanaging of their trade as is granted to such companies in other parts : 2nd. That whatsoever trade they shall discover in those parts within three years next ensueing, (if the Lord so blesses their endeavors) they may enjoy it solely to themselves & the rest of their company for twenty & one years after such discovery is made, with full power & authority from this Court to inhibite & restraine any other person or persons whatsoever, during the terme aforesaid, that shall attempt any trade (by them discovered) without the warrant of the afore- said company; or if they have or shall intermeddle, as aforesaid, that they it may be lawfull for the company in a legall way to seize upon such goods so traded: & lastly, they are granted the Corts letters, under the publique seale, unto the Dutch or Swedes, or any other they may necessarily have to do with in the prosecu- tion of this discovery or trade, for the further counternancing of their proceedings." Immediate steps were taken by the as- sociates to open the expected trade but disappointment and fail- ure resulted. Wmthrop relates that, " Divers of the merchants of Boston being desirous to discover the great lake, supposing it to lie in the north-west part of our patent, and finding that the great trade of beaver, which came to all the eastern and south- ern parts, came from thence, petitioned the Court to a company for that design, and to have the trade which they should discover, to themselves for twenty-one years. The court was very unwill- ing to grant any monopoly, but perceiving that without it they would not proceed, granted their desire; whereupon, having also commission granted them under the public seal, and letters from the governour to the Dutch and Swedish governours, they sent out a pinnace well manned and furnished with provisions and trading stuff, which was to sail up Delaware river so high as they could go, and then some of the company, under the command of Mr. William Aspinwall, a good artist, and one who had been 68 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES in those parts, to pass by small skiffs or canoes up the river so far as they could." 37 " There was mention made before a pinnace sent by the com- pany of discoverers to Delaware river, with letters from the gov- ernour to the Dutch and Swedish governours for liberty to pass. The Dutch promised to let them pass, but for maintaining their own interest he must protest against them. When they came to the Swedes, the fort shot at them, ere they came up : whereupon they cast forth anchor, and the next morning, being the Lord's day, the lieutenant came aboard them, and forced them to fall down lower ; when Mr. Aspenwall came to the governour and complained of the lieutenant's ill dealing, both in shooting at them before he had hailed them, and in forcing them to weigh anchor on the Lord's day. The governour acknowledged he did ill in both, and promised all favor, but the Dutch agent, being come down to the Swedes' fort, showed express order from the Dutch governour not to let him pass, whereupon they returned. But before they came out of the river, the Swedish lieutenant made them pay 40 shillings for that shot which he had unduly made. The pinnace arrived at Boston (5)£0-44." 3S Further light is cast upon this attempt to open trade with the headwaters of the Delaware in the report of Gov. Printz to his home government. Although he had repudiated the action of his lieutenant in preventing the passage of Aspinwall's pinnace, he says he had taken steps to cause the Dutch agent at Fort Nassau to intervene and prevent their further passage up the river, for says he, it was the purpose of the English, " to build a fort above the Swedish post at Sankikan, to be armed with men and cannon, and to appropriate to themselves all the profits of the river." There can be little doubt but that the Swedish governor's keen perception had discovered the real purpose of the English expedi- tion, which although cloaked under the garb of a trading com- pany had among its original members the treasurer of the colony. Nothing appears in the record of an avowed purpose of obtain- ing jurisdiction over the country, but it may be safely assumed that Winthrop and his friends were alive to the fact that once established in that region, their claim concerning the extent of their patent could be strenuously upheld. There had been prior 87 Winthrop's Journal, 2:194. zs Ibid., 218. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 69 attempts to establish a trade on the Delaware, both by the Bos- ton and New Haven people, the latter having gone so far as to establish a settlement at New Salem in New Jersey, members of which who cared to remain after the arrival of Printz were obliged to take an oath of allegiance to the Swedish government. For an account of the action of the Swedish Governor, see Wind- sor; Narrative and Critical History of America, IV. 456. Perhaps the small vessel sent out by the " merchants of Bos- ton " the following year, which traded along the Maryland coast of the Delaware, and which secured a good supply of beaver, was another enterprise of this company. The vessel was cap- tured by the Indians and all but one man and a boy killed. In October, 1645, Richard Saltonstall, Simon Bradstreet and others were incorporated by the General Court as a trading company with liberty to erect trading houses, if without 50 miles from any plantation in the jurisdiction of Massachusetts, but the terms of their grant were especially stipulated to " contradict not ye former grant to Mr. Hill & Mr. Tynge & Co." 39 Their petition alleges that the petitioners " with some others have had some thought of a discovery of the Great Lakes and other lakes that lye up in the countiy and to build some trading houses in free places upon the coasts or river." 40 It does not appear that Hill, Tynge & Co., pursued their venture further, or that the later company ever carried on any extensive trade. A COMMISSIONER TO SHAWOMET Certain of the associates of Roger Williams had established themselves on the west side of Narragansett Bay, north of the river Pawtuxet. Here they found themselves so incommoded by some lawless persons who sat down among them, that, for want of any nearer authority competent to give them redress, they were fain to apply themselves to that of Massachusetts Bay. 41 These " lawless persons " were led by Samuel Gorton, who was long a thorn in the side of his neighbors in Rhode Island as well as of the Massachusetts authorities. In consequence of this en- croachment thirteen residents at Pawtuxet submitted themselves to the government of Massachusetts Bay in November, 1641 . A 39 Colony Records, II, 138. «> Archives, 119:5. -*i Palfrey: History of New England, II, 116. 70 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES year later Gorton and his party, having bid defiance to Massa- chusetts, removed south of the Pawtuxet river settling on lands to which they obtained a title from Miantonomo, chief of the Narragansetts, but whose right to the territory was denied by Saceneneco, sachem of Shawomet, and Pumham, sachem of Pawtuxet. The following year, that is in 1643, the Indians being harassed by the encroachments of Gorton and his followers, ap- plied to Massachusetts for protection. They offered to become subject to Massachusetts. Consequently Gorton and Mianto- nomo were called on to prove their rights to the lands in dis- pute. This they could not do. Miantonomo admitted that the two lesser sachems were not tributary to him, and that deer skins taken within their territorial limits were paid to them. Because he was a general sachem, however, Miantonomo received presents from both Pumham and Saceneneco. 42 Shawomet became later known as Warwick. The question of jurisdiction over the lands there and at Pawtuxet came up on several occasions. A petition from Pumham is found in Archives 30, together with other papers in the case, perhaps of date of 1647, again complaining of the encroachment of the English set- tlers at Warwick, whose agent Mr. Williams had become. Winthrop (page 317) gives a sympathetic account of the pitiable condition of the Indians, brought about by the destruction of their corn by the Gortonists' cattle. Their starving condition, however, was relieved by the present of corn. He says, " upon their further complaints to us," the Rhode Island magistrates who had attempted to settle their losses having failed to ac- complish any relief, "the general court in the (1) month sent three messengers to demand satisfaction " of the Rhode Island authorities " for the Indians, and for other wrongs to some English there, and to command them to depart the place as be- longing to us, etc. They used our messengers with more respect than formerly, but gave no satisfaction, bearing themselves upon their charter, etc. We could do no more at present, but we procured the Indians some corn in the meantime. . . . In the agitation of this matter in the General Court, some moved to <2 Suffolk files 6.5. Sec also Winthrop's Journal, TI, 120-3. After Mianto- nomo's return to Narrapansctt lie instituted a raid upon his rival Uneas, meeting with defeat and capture and eventually death at the hands of his captors. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 71 have an order (upon refusal of satisfaction, etc.) to send forces presently against them ; but others thought better to forbear any resolution until the return of our messengers." At this time Massachusetts was not without hopes that the Rhode Island char- ter would be recalled and her own limits enlarged by the acquisi- tion of part of the territory covered by it. The messengers sent were John Johnson, surveyor general, Lt. Joshua Hewes, and Sergeant James Oliver. They were to visit Shawomet and de- mand restitution. If they did not receive satisfaction they were to visit Providence and demand, " Whether they will own them and maintain them in this course they are in." 43 This duty put upon the messengers required both firmness and diplomacy. That the demands of the messengers met with better reception than had hitherto been the result of any former negotiations concerning Pumham and his lands, is Winthrop's testimony, and the result may be partially at least ascribed to the character of the em- bassy. This was perhaps Hewes' first acquaintance with the shores of Narragansett Bay, and his visit of this year very likely is what led to his settlement at Wickford a few years later. The attempts of Massachusetts to retain jurisdiction over Shawomet failed, and Gorton and his associates eventually triumphed over not only Massachusetts but Connecticut, as will be seen when Hewes' connection with Wickford is told. On his return from Rhode Island Hewes was chosen for the second time, one of the select-men of Roxbury 21-12 mo., 1648-9, the others being Capt. Purchase, John Johnson, John Boles, and Brother Williams. At this time the selectmen were called the " five men." BUILDING OF THE TOWN HOUSE IN BOSTON In 1654*, the year Hewes was Ensign of the Artillery Company, he was one of the 128 subscribers toward the building of a town house in Boston. The paper, apparently circulated among the business community of Boston in 1654?, is headed " Whearas thear is given a considerabl sum by Capt. Keyne towars the Building of a towne house, wch sum will not attaine the Bulding wch he mentioneth in his will. Now considering the usefullnes of such a structur, we whoes names are underwritten doe ingag ourselves, our heyres, executors for to give towards the above « Colony Records, II, 228. 72 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES house and alsoe a condit in the market place the severall sums under written." Most of the larger subscriptions were payable in goods, those subscribing money promising much smaller sums. Hewes was one of twenty who subscribed ten shillings each. Keayne's bequest was £300. The building erected with the pro- ceeds of this joint contribution, aided by the colony excusing the town from current payment of taxes, became the meeting place of the General Court and of the county and other courts. Orig- inally built of wood, it was destroyed in the fire of 1747. Re- paired, it was the scene of the deliberations of the General Court until 1798. It is now given over to the Bostonian Society, while below the surface of the street and below the building is a sta- tion of the street railway company operating the Washington Street Tunnel. In 1909 the building was restored to its former appearance. SECOND MARRIAGE Joshua Hewes seems to have lived in his old home at Roxbury in February, 1654, 44 but was obliged to abandon it upon Foote's decease in 1655, and probably removed to Boston. There he contracted a second marriage, 11-12 mo., 1656-7, with Alice, widow of John Crabtree, who may have retained some part of her husband's estate. Her son, John Crabtree, was associated with Hewes in his Wickford venture, and it is likely that the Crabtree house was his home during the minority of the children of his second wife. Perhaps he contemplated a settlement in Exeter, New Hampshire, for we find he owned land there which he sold to William Marston of Hampton prior to 20 Dec, 1658, when Marston sold to Moses Gilman of Exeter " my interest in a thirty-three acre planting lot and grant of seven acres in the second division in Exeter sometime in the hands of Richard Mor- ris, late of Exeter, and by him sold to Joshua Hewes of Rox- bury who sold to me." 44a In 1661 he was sued for a small debt, and rather than pay subjected himself to arrest and imprison- ment. 45 4* Conn. Col. Records, 2:286. 44a Old Norfolk Records. 45 28 Jan., 1661-2, judgment was had in the county court by Nathaniel Wales and John Amy for 12 shillings. Execution was taken out and in de- fault of payment the marshall committed Hewes to prison 14 March, 1661, "for refusing to tender goods to meet this execution" (4-XI). LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 73 SETTLEMENT OF FOOTE's ESTATE In Oct. 1655, Joshua Foote 46 died in Providence. He had been living there since his realization of how little could be recovered out of his investment in the iron works, and had engaged to some extent in business there with Henry Fowler. Joshua Hewes rep- resented his interests in Massachusetts. His will is brief, and shows his complete confidence in his nephew : I, Joshua Foote Citizen and Iremonger of London, being by Gods providence now resident in Providence in New England, being sick, doe make this may Last Will. I commit my whole estate unto Liften Joshua Hewes & Henry Fowler for to take care of that it may be preserved for my wife and children, & such as I am indebted unto ; also to reckon & gett in my debts, & to sell of house goods lands & to satisfye such debts I am engaged with as much speed as may be, so farre as it will goe to my wife & children, 2.8.1655. Joshua Fote and a marke. Witnes William Blaxton 47 The marke of Richard Waterman ) , m TT i — deputies Thomas Harris [ r The will was proved at Providence and again at Boston 31 Oct., 1655, when power of administration was granted to Lt. Joshua Hewes. 48 To straighten out the tangled affairs of Joshua Foote proved a thankless task, and also an onerous one. An inventory was filed 21-5-1656, showing a total estate of £1380-01-07, including £700 " in ye iron works." A long list of debtors, for various items, foots up £176, showing that Foote had engaged in quite a business in New England. There were also " desperate debts ag- gregating £134?, of which £1 was due from the " New Meeting- house." The warehouse is entered as sold for £80, 20 sets iron 46 The exact date of Foote's arrival in New England is not known. He was here in July, 1650, when he and Hewes had an accounting and Hewes turned over to his uncle for his uses all of his estate in Boston and Rox- bury (Suffolk Deeds). Probably he had proceeded Wm. Attbury, the agent of the Iron Works Co. appointed in Aug., 1650, and had reported upon the unsatisfactory conditions existing. Foote was appointed by his associates one of the Commissioners with power to settle the Company's affairs, and soon after removed to Providence, leaving Hewes as his representative in Boston. 47 The first settler on the peninsula, now Boston. 48 Suffolk Probate, Vol. 2. 74 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES moulds " cost in London " £20, four acres land in Braintree at £25. When administration was granted, an inventory, dated 30 Oct., 1655, had been presented " of estate in and about Bos- ton " which came to but £13-0-5, besides 96 acres at Braintree not appraised. 49 The first step of the administrator was to sell the warehouse in Boston (the same warehouse he had formerly conveyed to Foote) to Henry Shrympton, merchant, 24 March, 1655-6 for £80, £60-11-9 of which the said Shrympton paid to John Johnson attorney unto Katherine Sumpner of Lambeth, Surrey, England, to whom Foote had mortgaged the warehouse and contents, 25 Oct., 1653, for £131-8-4. Her agent Johnson, in default of pay- ment, had obtained possession by execution in November, 1655. The sum of £74-2-7 on account of the debt had been paid in Foote's lifetime by Hewes, acting as his attorney, in September, 1654. Having found the means to redeem this property and sell it, Hewes was obliged to petition the General Court to confirm his act, which confirmation he obtained 22-3-1 656. 50 He next had to stand suit by William Sheldon of London, draper, who by letter of attorney, 14 April, 1656, empowered Jacob Sheafe, who substituted in his place John Johnson of Roxbury, the same who had acted for Mrs. Sumpner, to recover from Foote's estate the sum of £200 promised him as dower with Foote's daughter. The General Court found for the plaintiff £200 and 39 shillings, 8 pence costs. 51 There are some in- teresting papers filed in this case. On the 31 March, 1656, Samuel Foote of London, merchant, and Joshua Foote of London, ironmonger, sons of Joshua Foote late of London, ironmonger, deceased, make a deposition that in consideration of a marriage between William Sheldon, of London, draper, and Elizabeth Foote, the daughter of said Joshua, which was solemnized about October 1650, the said Joshua Foote was to pay Sheldon £200 as a marriage portion for his daughter. And on the 7 April, 1657, Elizabeth Foote, of London, widow and late wife of Joshua Foote, of London, ironmonger, deceased, and Joshua and Caleb Foote, sons of the said Joshua and Eliza- beth, testify to the same effect. >■■ Suffolk Probate, 8:34, 48. so Archives, B 15:151-2. ■ Ibid., B 15, 205. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 75 The 96 acres in Braintree mentioned in the inventory had not come from Hewes, but had been purchased by Foote of Shaw and Addington, and this land Hewes and Fowler transferred to Capt. Thomas Savage for £25, 17 July, 1656. 52 On the 19 Aug., 1660, Lt. Joshua Hewes of Boston, as ad- ministrator to Foote, grants a discharge in full to Shrympton, having received of him the balance of the £19 remaining due on the payment of £80, Shrympton having paid the annual rent aris- ing from the warehouse due unto the widow Elizabeth Foote, de- ceased. 53 In the meantime the ownership of the estate in Roxbury granted by Hewes to Foote, and by him mortgaged 2-1 Oct., 1653, to Robert Crane of Cogshall, Essex, England, or £184-7-2, the balance of an obligation of Foote to Crane due in London, was in dispute. Foote had contracted to redeem this mortgage 25 Oct., 1655, at the house of John Wilson, pastor of the church in Bos- ton, but at that date Foote was dead. Prior to his death, acting as attorney for Foote, Hewes had attempted to discharge the debt. He testified, under date of 5 Nov., 1664, that he was aged 50 years or thereabouts, and that in 1655, being attorney for Joshua Foote, did by his order sell or promise to sell several parcels of land in Roxbury which were mortgaged to Mr. Robert Crane, and it was to pay and clear the mortgage, and he did send to Mr. Rogers by Mr. Samuel Danforth what he had done, and desired him to come to receive the money. Mr. Danforth replied that he expected to come to Boston in a short time ; but it pleased God to take Mr. Foote away 54 by death, and that was the cause it was not paid before that, — " What power I had from Foote died when Mr. Foote died." 55 Samuel Shrimpton and Thomas Norman were sworn 9 Nov., 1664, and deposed that on the 26 May, 1663, at Mr. Wilson's house at Boston we did tell over 231 pounds in money of New England, which said money we see and heard Lt. Joshua Hewes tender it on the table for the use of Mr. Robert Crane, his execu- te Suffolk Deeds, 2:283. SB Ibid., 3:392. 84 Samuel Danforth died 19 Nov., 1674; he had married, 1651, a daughter ■of Rev. John Willson. 55 Robert Crane died early in 1658, leaving a will proved 18 March, in which he gave to his grandchildren, sons of Rev. Nathaniel Rogers, in New England, a bond of £400 on[ which £150 was due from Joshua Foote (Waters 1:224). 76 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES tors, administrators or assigns, which was to satisfy a debt or mortgage made by Mr. Joshua Foote deceased for the payment to said Crane of £184-7-2. sterling, he tendering the money as ad- ministrator to Joshua Foote, deceased." Previous to this, John Johnson acting as attorney for Mrs. Elizabeth Foote claimed her dower in the estate held by the Rogers heirs of Crane. There is a petition on file from Robert Pain, John Whipple, Margaret Rogers, John, Nathaniel and Sam- uel Rogers, relating that they are like to be damaged by a liberty granted to Surveyor-general Johnson, agent for the relict of Mr. Joshua Foote, sometime ironmonger in London, and later some shorter time resident in Boston, for the division of some houses and lands in Roxbury, and the assignment and improvement of a third part during her life, which houses and lands were passed by said Foote to Mr. Nathaniel Rogers for monies lent said Foote in London. The General Court gave judgment to Rogers 5 Nov., 1658. 56 Ffewes determined to obtain for the estate the equity in the prop- erty, and in 1663 began steps which ultimately won him his case. Being in Narragansett he gave power of attorney to Lt. Rich- ard Cook, Mr. Richard Woodde, and Mr. John Wiswall of Bos- ton, to enter upon and take possession of that messuage and lands in Roxbury, formerly in possession of Foote. On the 30 May, 1663, John Alcock of Roxbury, physician, and John Stebbins of same, " bisquet baker," became bound to Joshua Hewes, late of Boston, ironmonger, now of a place called or known by the name of Narragansett, in £700, to pay him as administrator to the estate of Foote 231 pounds in silver, immediately after the estate in Roxbury, mortgaged by Foote to Mr. Robert Crane, be re- leased unto the said Hewes as administrator, at Mr. John Wil- son's house in Boston, and the balance of the £350 in cattle or goods. Hewes thereupon sold, by deed dated 30 May, 1663, to Alcock and Stebbins, all the dwelling house which was the said Foote's in the time of his life, and which he purchased of the said Joshua Hewes, with the four acres of land whereon the said prem- ises stand, and various other lots and parcels of land. 57 " Seizen and possession " was given and received in presence of Thomas Weld, Richard Woodde, and Joseph Wise. Hewes acknowledged o« Archives, 1.5:257, also B 15; 29 and 52. 67 Suffolk Deeds, 4:120. J.sn*& &W £t£m ft? ), i ~~y"ZA"*" ** 1 >>j*c' at* von- a iM- sfei *"H W"- **zfa <*%tiJd>\ '-nt- May, 1668, stating that before the (recent) charter was granted they had petitioned the Governor of Con- necticut to take that tract of land they had purchased in the Narragansett country under Connecticut patent and jurisdic- tion, " which accordingly was done." The action of the Royal Commissioners had interrupted their proceeding as a town with officers appointed by Connecticut, hence they were without a proper government ; and needing protection they again asked the court to " assume your power." If Connecticut did not propose to do this they desired an answer so that they might seek protection elsewhere. This petition was signed by Daniel Dennison, Richard Smith, Joshua Hewes, John Crabtree and fifteen others. In October of the same year Joshua Hewes joins with twelve others in another petition to the General Court of Connecticut, asking that their former petition be considered, 64 " the proprietors to be permitted peaceably to improve their colony and planta- tion in New England." On the 1 March, 1663-4, Rhode Island, ignoring the agree- the Massachusetts Bay, arising from failure to pay a fine imposed upon them, and for which they had mortgaged their lands, all of the unsold lands of the Narragansetts were pledged to the Proprietors, who six months later, on failure of the Indians to discharge their obligation, entered upon them and a few years later obtained a confirmation to them from the Indians. But the Fones Record shows that the English going there to inhabit pledged themselves not to make improvements on the mortgaged lands for five or six years, showing that there really was not a disposition to take undue ad- vantage of the trade. The Royal Commissioners ordered this whole transac- tion canceled, and gave the Indians the right to recover their lands on pay- ment of the 735 fathoms of peage for which it had been pledged. They also ordered the transfer of the other two grants to the Indians upon payment of the 300 fathoms acknowledged to have been given for it, and declared the deeds void for want of a consideration named therein. As the Massa- chusetts men were permitted to remain on their lands, and did so remain, it is clear the Commissioners proceeded as they did, more to show their au- thority than from any real desire or power to force the lands to be sur- rendered. Presumably the Indians never offered to re-purchase them. 64 R. I. Records, 2; 227, 231. 82 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES merit made by Clarke with Winthrop, arrested four persons at Wickford, including Smith, the Connecticut appointee as con- stable, for presuming to " settle, build and inhabit, without ex- press leave first had and obtained from the General Assembly " in the Narragansett country. The Wickford settlers thereupon through Hutchinson and Hudson besought advice and direction from Governor Winthrop, and these agents stated they were in- credulous at the report that Winthrop disclaimed for his colony jurisdiction over the Company's Lands. 65 In July following, Royal Commissioners were appointed by the King with broad powers for investigation and settling of matters in dispute between the colonies, to adjust boundaries, and in gen- eral to more thoroughly establish the King's authority in New England. One of their early acts was to place the whole of the Narragansett country between the Paucatuck river and Narra- gansett Bay under the administration of the magistrates of Rhode Island, although first erecting it into a province to be called the King's Province, independent of any colony, and de- creed that the Atherton Company should relinquish its lands on repayment by the Indians of the purchase money. This was 20 March, 1665. 66 Shortly after, in September, they ordered that persons residing there should enjoy their lands until the King's pleasure was known. After the departure of the Commissioners from New Eng- land in 1666 the old dispute between Connecticut and Rhode Island regarding the boundary was renewed. Neither party would submit to compromise, and in 1670 Connecticut sent Com- missioners, backed by an armed force, who published a declara- tion at Westerly, Wickford, and other places, requiring the sub- mission of the inhabitants. On 4 May, 1668, nineteen persons concerned in the plantation at Wickford, including the inhabit- ants, had petitioned the General Court of Connecticut to assume power over them and grant them protection, relating that " be- fore your charter was granted, wee intreatcd your Governor to take that tract of land that wee had purchased in the Narra- gansett countryc into your patent and jurisdiction, that wee, the proprietors might improve it for plantations, which accord- ingly was done; and the extent of your patent reachinge uss es R. I. Col. Records, II, 49. ««See Palfrey, 2:603. LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 83 in the Narraganset countryc, caused us to apply our selves to you in the yeare sixty-foure ; upon which you were pleased to take us under the winge of your government by making us a towne, and constitutinge officers, and which since hath been enter- rupted per such proceedings of his Majestyes honorable Com- missioners, 07 as yow are not ignorant of. Wee, findeing a neces- sity of looking for protection and defence by a government, doe againe applye ourselves unto this Honoured Court ... if yow shall not see cause to reassume the government of the place ac- cording to our first propositions, wee desire your answer, that so wee may look for government and protection elsewhere." The first four names signed to this petition are Daniel Denison, Rich- ard Smith, Joshua Hewes, John Crabtree. In answer to this petition the Court, 15 May, 1668, appointed John Allyn and Thomas Stanton agents to treat with Rhode Island regarding " our right clayme to any land in the Narragansett country." In Oct., 1668, thirteen persons, among them Hewes, again peti- tioned the General Court for a civil government and protection. During the interim Rhode Island and Connecticut had been con- ducting the fruitless negotiations alluded to above. 68 In 1671, the people of Wickford appear to have been won over to Rhode Island, and affairs proceeded more orderly. In 167 1< came the incorporation of Kingstown, and three years later the General Court of Rhode Island authorized the " resettlement " in the King's Province of such families as would acknowledge the government of Rhode Island, and voted them a grant of 10,000 acres in the Narragansett country. There is no trace of Hewes on Wickford records after 1668, but John Crabtree remained un- til 1670 at least. Joshua Hewes returned to Boston. 69 His venture in Rhode 67 Samuel Gorton and Randall Holden, in Nov., 1667, addressed a peti- tion to Col. Nichols, Governor of New York, one of the Kings Commissioners, relative to Smith's occupancy of lands they claim he leased of the Indians for a term of three years, but which they also claim he had fraudulently changed in the deed to three score years. They claim a neck of land bor- dering on lands in possession of the " Massachusetts men." Their especial complaint is against Smith, his father having deceased, who in order to " supersead our suit in law " had brought forth at the last Court an order from the Commissioners " for the inlargcment of the liberty of the men of the Massachusetts in the King's Province till his Majesties pleasure were further knowne." Smith apparently was being sued by Gorton and Holden as a trespasser on land they claimed. 68 Colonial Records R. I. 2:2-29-S\. 69 In November, 1670, he was called on to testify regarding the estate of John 81 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES Island had proved unfortunate, his party having been defeated in their attempt to remain under the government of Connecticut. His attempt to make a home under the disagreeable conditions obtaining in a community where two governments claimed author- ity, had probably still further diminished his resources. At his death his Narragansett lands descended to his only son, who 11 Nov., 1680, styling himself of Boston, cordwainer, sold the 150 acre farm there to Capt. John Fones of Jamestown, R. I., for £20. In this deed his wife Hannah Hewes joined. The deed was acknowledged the following day before Dudley, and on that day Alice Hewes, the relict and widow of Joshua Hewes, also sold to Fones her right in the land for £5. 70 The tract is described as " all that tract of land in ye Nar- ragansett count 1*3% near unto the now dwelling house of Mr. Richard Smith, 150 acres, bounded west by the country road from said Smiths to s Stonningtowne,' north by land late of John Rey- nolds, deceased, east by land of Robert Spink, south by a high- way, which said land did formerly belong to their father Joshuah Hews, deceased." Richard Smith of Narragansett, gentleman, was appointed their attorney to give possession of the land to Fones. DEATH Joshua Hewes died in Boston, 25 Jan., 1675-6. His life was doubtless shortened by the discouragements met in his later years. He was honest and of great strength of character, unbending in his course when he felt that he was in the way of duty. He had been left fatherless at an early age, but received an education such as his position in life called for. Impressed with the opportunities of a new country, in which his kindred were interested, he had gone thither. His religious opinions were in harmony with the leaders of the colony, and lie had at once joined the church. For several years he had met with success in his business, was honored in his town by every local office the freemen could elect him to, and had taken ail active part in the military life of the colony. During his prosperity he had contributed liberally to education and to the public Deeds. He was among the first to see the opportunity Woody, and I Nov., lfiTO, frivinpr his age as 59 years, deposed that the house Woody lived in al time <>f his marriage to Mary, daughter <>f John Coppan, was his before marriage. (Archives B 15:131. See also Suffolk files 1014.) to pones Records, p. 77. GRAVESTONE OF LIEUT. JOSHUA HEWES, NOW IX THE CARE OF THE BOSTON!. \X SOCIETY LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 85 of establishing the iron industry in Massachusetts, and was prob- ably responsible for his uncle's investment therein. He cheer- fully surrendered his home and estate to his uncle, his only cred- itor, to enable the latter to meet his business engagements. He appears to have striven to put his uncle's affairs in order and at the latter's sudden demise assumed charge of his affairs, and from what seemed a hopelessly tangled estate not only recovered suf- ficient to pay the debts but to provide in some measure for the widow and daughter. After his financial reverses had caused him to abandon hopes of reestablishment in business he had sought to win success as a planter. Here again his refusal to accept peace and comfort under a jurisdiction distasteful to his sense of right, led to his return to the former scene of his earlier successes where he was content to live from the proceeds of such business as he was able to conduct, respected if no longer influential. As a rule the first settlers did not meet with the financial suc- cess which many of the later comers attained. This arose in part from the great expense of the first years and the fluctuation of values which impoverished many. Appreciation in values through improvements was then very slow compared with similar conditions in modern times. Such merchants who made money, beyond a comfortable living, did so by taking great risks. The largest estates settled during the period in which Hewes lived seem ridiculously small compared with the wealth left by men of the same relative position at the present day. Administration on the estate of Joshua Hewes was granted to his widow, Alice, 25 April, 1676, who presented the following in- ventory and list of debts. From these papers it would appear that in his last years he continued in business in a small way. THE INVENTORY OF THE ESTATE OF LIEFT. JOSHUA HEWES —TAKEN 26TH OF FEBR., 1675. To goods in ye shop 74 yrds of blew Linnen 16 pair of womens stockings To 8 pair of childrens stockins & two pairs of mens yarne stoekins To 48 yrds of ferret Ribbon & 30 yrds of ditto at 6d & 34 yrds of 4 at ditto To 26 yrds taffety Riben at 6d & 1 peeee of 4 dy ditto & 30 yrds of ditto To 13 yrds of 3d ditto 1 ps of 2d ditto & 11 yrds of ditto To 35 yrds of 6d Cotten Riben & 9 vrds of narrow ditto & ps of Manchester 00 ° 9 10 04. .11. .10 00 10 00 01 14 06 00 14 08 00 07 08 86 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES To 3 ps of Carnation tape & 4 ps of narrow filleting & 4 ps of double tape 00 10 00 To 6 ps of Narrow blew & 2 ps of threed Manchester & 1 ps of Tucet 00 06 06 To 19 yrds of Canvis & 21 yrds of Scotch cloth at 14d per yrd & 11 yrds of Callico 03 02 01£ To 8 yrds Jtb of speckled Linnen & 20 yrds of yeallow flaning 02 05 08| To 9 yrds of white ditto & 7 yrds of Cullered Linnen 2 yrds buckram 01 16 02 To 3 yrds i of Irish cloth & 15 yrds of Baves & 1": 2 ounces of wosteed 01 08 00 To 1 lb. of yarne & 15 silke laces for women & 25 threed laces 1 ounce of Coventry blew threed & 15 ounces of Id scanie threed & 2H£ of cullered threed 01 02 03 To 1 lb of Browne threed & 2 ounces of silke & 9 doz of doublet guipe buttons 00 07 06 To 10 yrds of silke Gall & 18 thousand of pines 3 thousand smale pins 00 19 06 To 15 Rowes of Great pines & 9 horning comes & 2 doz of knives 01 03 03 To 3 childrens kives & 1 doz i of smale sizors & 1J" of knitting needles 00 05 00 To 19 yrds of narrow Riben & 4 tine tobacco boxes & 3 Juek- hornes 00 04 04J To 3 swashes & 5 paire of midel sized bodyes & 20 yrds | of cotten cloth 03 03 06 To 1 coverlid & 3 childrens Bonnets & 16 paire of childrens gloves 01 05 04 To 6 paire of mens white gloves & 7 quire of paper & 5" of To Si" of all spice and 1JM of paper 00 14 02 Aniseseed & 15 doz of Tobacco pipes 00 13 00 To 3 paire of Irish stockens & 4 yrds of course Linnen & 1 firken of butter 01 10 04 To sugar & castle sope & 18 broomes & 2 paire of smale scales 04 04 04 To 1 doz of course Napkins & 2 paire of Cotten & Linning sheetes 01 12 00 Paper 00 14 02 To 4 towells & 1 table cloth & 2 paire of course sheetes 01 08 00 To 1 paire pillowbers & 1 paire of mens drawrs 3 owelld sherts 00 14 00 To 3 paire of owelled yarning stockins & 3 oweld bands & 6 oweld neck cloths 00 15 00 To 7 oweld caps & one Cubbard cloth one old Coate, 1 Gownd 00 17 06 To one paire of drawrs & one old Coate 1 old brush one smale ] looking glass \02 16 00 To one stuffe coate & one paire breeches & one feather bed J To one Cotten Rug & one wollen Rug & 2 paire of blankets 02 00 00 To one paire of Curtaines & vallons & one bedsted & one trundle- bed 02 03 00 To 15 lbs of old puter & one warmingpan & li doz of Bromes 01 06 00 To one old Cheare & one chist & about 20 lb of hopes & 2 candle- sticks 01 07 00 To 2 smale Iron kettles & one smale pot 1 quart pot 1$ pint & bale 00 15 00 To 2 chaires & one paire of bcllowes one Iron slice & one smale Iron disb 00 05 06 To one Lanthorne & one brass scumer & one brass skillet 00 03 00 49 11 07J At Narrogansd 150 acres of Land At Quinabauge 1000 acres of Land Thomas Dewer senior .(amis Bhadim; LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEWES 87 Hewes made oath in Court this 27th Aprill 1676 that this is a true In- ventory of the Estate of her Late husband Leift Joshua Hewes to the best of her knowledge & that when she knows more, she will discover the same this done As atteste ffreeGrace Bendall Recordr Debts due from the Estate of Joshua Hewes deceased To Mr. Wm. Taylor for 56 lbs Castle sope at 8d per lb is 01-17-04 To Mr. John Hull 04-04-04 To Mr. Usher senior 03-00-00 To the Widow Mrs. Walker 00-17-00 To Rebecca Alline 00-04-04 To Samll Johnson Glover 01-01-00 To Rent whilst my husband was liveing 02-17-06 To Christo Crow pd 00-04-06 for ye coffine & other charges about his buryall 02-13-00 16-19-00 At A County Court held at Boston 25th Aprill 1676 Administracion to ye Estate of Leift Joshua Hewes is granted to his Relict she bringing in an Inventory of ye sd estate & giveing security to Administer according to Law. this done as Atteste ffreeGrace Bendall Rec. [Suffolk Probate 5:337.] Joshua Hewes on one occasion used a seal but which is so in- distinct that the markings are not clearly made out. These may be the masts of a ship, — a common charge on a " merchants mark," but they may also be arrows. It is a notable coincidence that of the forty odd coats of arms catalogued under the name in Great Britain arrows appear as the charge on two: Hughes of Berkshire, — three arrows points downward. Heugh of Kent — Azure, a fess between three arrows paleways, points downward. Crest: A Unicorn's head argent. JOSHUA HEWES OF BOSTON, AND HIS IMMEDIATE DESCENDANTS. GENEALOGICAL RECORD. DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES I 1 LIEUTENANT JOSHUA HEAVES, son of John Hewes of Royston, Herts., was aged 59 in November, 1670 (Suffolk files, 1014), and 66 years at his death, 25 January, 1675-6 (grave stone preserved by Bostonian Society, found in Water Street). He married 8 October, 1634, Mary Goldstone (Roxbury records), who died 23d, 6 mo., 1655, daughter of " Gouldstone of Watertown ".* " Joshua Hues he came into the land a single man; about the 7th month of the yeare 1633, & joyned to the church aboute halfe a yeare after, his wife being the daughter of [ ] Gouldstone came the next summer & aboade at Watertowne, where she was adjoyned to the church; & in the 8th month 1634 he married her; & she was then recom- mended to our church" (Eliot's record of church members). Joshua Hewes married second, in Boston, " 11. 12 mo. 1656, Alice Crabtree, relict of John Crabtree " (Boston records). She was aged 60 in 1685 (Suffolk files, 2377). Her first husband was John Crabtree 2 who had a grant from the town of Boston in 12 mo., 1637-8. He was a "joiner." His wife Alice is men- tioned in 1648 (Suffolk Deeds). He was living 9 Jan., 1655-6 (Suffolk Deeds). His children were: John Crabtree, born 25-8 mo., 1639, who settled in Swanzey ; and Deliverance Crabtree, born 3-7 mo., 1641, who died 4 mo. 1643. There is no record of the death of Alice Hewes, but she survived her husband, having ad- ministration on his estate 25 April, 1676 (Suffolk Probate rec- ords). An inventory of the estate of Joshua Hewes was taken 26 Feb., 1675-6, by Thomas Davis, Sr., and James Brading (Suffolk Pro- bate). For further information concerning Lieutenant Joshua Hewes, see the preceding chapter. Children of Joshua and Mary (Goldstone) Hewes: 2. Joshua, " his first borne son . . was borne the 19th day of i She was the daughter of Henry and Anne Goldstone, baptized at Wick- ham Skeith, Suffolk, 26 Feb., 1620. 2 Among his descendants is William Seward Webb. 91 92 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES the 8th month 1639, but dyed the 19 day the 10 month 1639, it dyed of convulsion fitts " (Eliot's church record). 3+ Mary, " of Joshuah " born 29 Dec, 1641. She married William Lamb, who died 15 Jan., 1689-90 (Boston records). 4+ Josuah, " of Josuah " born 25 May, 1644. (The above records of birth are found on Roxbury town records, where also is found the record of the burial of the son Joshua 20 Dec, 1639.) Child of Joshua and Alice (Crabtree) Hewes: 5 Hannah, " daughter of Lieut. Joshua & Alice," born 28 Oct., 1657 (Boston records). SECOND GENERATION II 3 MARY HEWES (Joshua), born in Roxbury, 29 Dec, 1641, and died without issue in Boston 11 June, 1710 (Town Records). She was a member of Roxbury church and was dis- missed to the Third Church in Boston, 4 Feb., 1671-2. She was admitted to the Third Church, " Old South," 2 February, 1671-2 and against her name is written " now Lamb." (Transcript of church records.) William Lamb is said by Savage to have been in Boston in 1668, but he gives no further information about him, except that he died 1685, an error of five years. The Boston tax list of 1674 shows that Lamb lived in the same neighborhood as Joshua Hewes, Jr., and perhaps in the same or next house. In 1681 Lamb was in the district from which Major Savage's company was drawn, while Hewes was taxed in Capt. Hull's district. On the 21 Oct., 1668, William Lamb, laborer, of Boston, sold a pasture lot to Joseph How (Deeds, 5:531). He was the owner of this land in 1659 (Ibid., 3:390). On the 29 Nov., 1677, he bought ,,f Margery Pritchett, John Alcock and Constance his wife, a house with land on the south side of the way from Sud- bury street to the Mill bridge (now in Hanover street), which was bounded east and south by other land of Lamb's and west by land of Nathaniel Green (Deeds, 10:281). He had married Mary Hewes before the 1 \- April, 1680, as that day they sell to John Hull a nine acre lot at Muddy River (Deeds, 12:70). Town Cove A Market TWn rlwue IbSb B P»r,«l Ground. [Km^. Ch«p=l) C Prison P Meeting Howe 1040 t Meeting House After 1640 F Burial (around G Pojt-office Soutfr* 1 icfrool House 164 3 [iMj Hall] Z Gov W.nf/irop X Old SouUi Church (fa7u 3 Province House 17/3 4 SftutxJtl Hewet. ftesicleeee /7o7 5 Samuel Johnson Samuel Ht-wea Pcvonahire St b Ann W"ampu& t/oshua Hewvs Jr. (SI Paul's Church) 7 Tar?-^y3rct. of GeO'g'e+Kirho't Htwci Jr.se ph Calcf Birtlfptate. George Rpberl Twelve HewTja >irt Intact George Rpbert T (Corner of Confrycs^ Stj OLD BOSTON', SHOWING HEWES SITES DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 93 The will of William Lamb of Boston, laborer, was dated 25 Jan., 1684-5, and the preamble recounts that he is very weak. To his wife Mary he gave all his house, lands and other estate, including his share in that estate that John and Ann Wampus gave either to me or my wife. Friends Edward Creeke and Moses Bradford to be overseers, wife Mary executor. This will was proved 6 Feb., 1689-90 (Suffolk Probate, 11:117). Prior to his death, he and wife Mary, had mortgaged, 28 Sept., 1688, to Thomas Fowler for £30, all that messuage bounded north by the street to the Mill bridge, 80 feet, east by James Allen 90 feet, south by Bozoon Allen and Nathaniel Green 80 feet, and west on said Green 90 feet, with a nook or corner 15 feet in depth. This mortgage was released by Sarah, widow of Thomas Fowler, and then wife of William Hall, 18 Aug., 1691. And on the 10 March following, Mary Lamb, widow, by virtue of the power given her in the will of her husband, sold part of the lot, 53 feet on the street, to Nathaniel Green, Sr., and 22 Oct., 1708, she sold the remainder of her land there, with her house, for £90 to John Ustis, the lot having a frontage on Hanover street of 30 feet. 1 This last sale coming soon after the death of Joshua Hewes, with whom the Lambs had been so intimately associated, sug- gests that it may have been here that Joshua Hewes, Jr., kept tavern. During this period Hanover street was the most impor- tant street in the town, sharing that importance with King street (State street) and the region about Dock square and old Cornhill, which ran from the head of Dock square to King street. II 4 JOSHUA HEWES (Lt. Joshua), born in Roxbury 25 May, 1644 (Town records) ; died 3 October, 1706, aged 63 years, at Boston, and was buried the 6 October (Town records and sex- ton's bill). He married Hannah, sister of ('apt. Nathaniel Norden of Boston and Marblehead, who died in Boston 11 June, 1707 (Town records). She was admitted to First Church 1671, and is on the roll of members of Jan., 1687-8 (Church records). Joshua Hewes left a will dated 25 Jan., 1703-4, which was ad- mitted to probate 9 Nov., 1706. In this will the testator is de- scribed as a cordwainer. He named his wife. Hannah, executrix; sister Mary Lamb's interest in his estate is mentioned. His es- tate consisted chiefly of lands in the Nipmug country and at iSee Suffolk Deeds, 15:4; 25:85; 24:63. 94 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES Quinnebaugh, and " housing and lands in the common or train- ing-field in the south end of Boston," all of which was left to his widow for her life, with authority to sell any part thereof, and upon her death to the six children : viz., Joshua, Samuel, Benjamin, Mary, Hannah, Sarah. Friends Daniel Morey and Elder Copp 1 of Boston, and Capt. Nathaniel Norden of Marblehead were ap- pointed overseers. On the 16 Jan., 1707-8, the son Joshua Hewes, of Boston, gunsmith, was admitted to administration on the estate in place of his mother Hannah, deceased. On the 11 Oct., 1720, administration on the estate of Joshua Hewes, which was first granted to his widow Hannah, and on her decease to Joshua Hewes, a son, who is now deceased not having completed administration, is granted to Joseph Dolbear. (Suffolk Probate, 16:201, 374; 22:4.) Nathaniel Norden of Marblehead made his will 16 Feb., 1724 (Essex Probate, 315:576). He gave to Nathaniel and Joshua Huse (sic) sons of Samuel Huse, late of Boston, cooper, deceased, and grandsons of Joshua Huse, formerly of Boston, cordwainer, and Hannah his wife, " who was my own sister," £40 a piece. To sister Hannah Huse £30, and to Sarah Huse, daughter of Hannah Huse, deceased, £40. To the children of Joseph Dol- bear of Boston, brazier, whom he had by my niece, Hannah Huse : viz., Edmund, £40, and to his two sisters, £30. After other dis- position of his estate he gave the residue to the children of " my sister Hannah Huse." Children, probably all born in Boston: 6 Mart, born 27 May, 1667 ; married Sam Hooper of Mar- blehead, who died prior to 1707, by whom she had one daughter, Mary, unmarried in 1724, but who probably married prior to July, 1728, Wm. Dollaxd. (See Nor- den's will and settlement of estate.) Mary (Hewes) Hooper remarried 1 May, 1711, John Perkins (Town records). In 1733, Sarah Perkins was the claimant for Joshua Hewes' right in Narragansett No. 5 (Bedford, \. II.). Mary was living in 1720, when she quitclaimed her right in the Norden estate. In 1707, she is de- scribed as Mary Hooper, daughter of Joshua Hewes (Boston Selectmen's Records). i A relative <>f his wife. DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 95 7+ Hannah, 2 married Joseph Dolbear. 8+ Joshua, eldest son. 9 Sarah, born 4> Jan., 1672-3, bapt. " of sister Hewes, daughter of brother Norden " 3 12-11 mo., 1672; died young. 10+ Samuel, born 8 Sept., 1677. 11 Benjamin, born 9 June, 1682. 12 Sarah, born 23 Dec, 1686; married 31 Oct., 1717, Ed- mund Grice. She was living in 1729. Joshua Hewes learned the trade of a cordwainer, and prob- ably followed this calling for several years. Where he lived can- not be told with exactness, but probably in a house not his own, located somewhere between Hanover street and the Mill Pond. His name is found on the Boston tax lists after 1674, the date of the earliest list extant, and in the same neighborhood during the whole period to 1691. There is no record of purchase or sale by him of any house or lands in Boston, until the grant to him in 1677 by Ann, wife of John Wampas, of her right in the estate now covered by St. Paul's church. There are some indications that he lived temporarily in the house then standing on that site, but there can be little doubt that he did not live there after he became an innkeeper. He was a member of the military company under the command of Capt. Thomas Savage, and 29 April, 1662, the company petitioned the General Court to confirm the choice of John Peas and Robert Sanford as corporals, Richard Knight as clerk, William Dawes for centllman of pikes, and Joshua Hewes, Jr., as drummer (Archives, 67:49). The outbreak of King Philip's War in 1675 found the colony unprepared for a war against the Indians. The outlaying set- tlements suffered severely. The General Court was addressed on the 22 Feb., 1675-6 by about one hundred of the inhabitants of Boston, who alluded to the great loss to persons and estates which had already resulted, and who propose certain measures which in their judgment the General Court could follow to the advantage of the country. These suggestions were in effect that a commission 2 Boston First Church records show the admission to membership of Han- nah Hewes, 9>-5mo., 1671. Under date of 20-6mo., 1671, Mary and Ann daughters of "sister Mary Hewes" were baptized. Ann in olden times was sometimes used interchangeably with Hannah. Could this record refer to Mary and Hannah, daughters of Joshua? s Samuel Norden was admitted First Church l-2mo., 1666. " Goody Nor- den " was admitted 2-10mo., 1665. 96 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES be appointed who would have power to commission all parties sent out against the Indians ; that the frontier towns be gar- risoned ; that an army be speedily raised and divided into two or three divisions ; that effectual means be taken to prevent the Narragansetts from returning and occupying their former ter- ritory ; and that the Indians dwelling among the people be removed to some remote place. They also propose a plan for the mutual plowing of lands in each township, and that persons driven in from outlaying settlements be allowed to plow unoccupied ground in the protected towns. Among the signers to this memorial is Joshua Hewes. The paper may have been circulating for some time previous to the date affixed to it, so that it may have been Lieutenant Joshua, rather than his son, who appended his signature. Lieutenant Joshua, however, had died the month preceding the presentation of this memorial. 4 Joshua Hewes enlisted under the command of Major Thomas Savage in February, 1675-6, and accompanied the army to Brookfield where they arrived the 2 or 3 of March ; thence they marched to Hadley, and finally, after abandoning the original plan to attack the Indians at Mt. Wachusett, Savage's original command was dispersed, some returning home and some being assigned to other commands. 5 The term of service in this cam- paign was from February to late in April. It is noticeable that in the settlement for wages Hewes receives half as much again as the remainder of the company were paid, with a few exceptions. This may indicate that he held higher rank than private. Al- though there is no record of his service in the Narragansett cam- paign of the preceding December, when on the 19th the fort of the Narragansetts was stormed, there IS a record of his right to share in the grant of No. 5 (Bedford, \. II.), one of the town- ships granted to the surviving soldiers in that expedition, or to their heirs. This grant was made in accordance with a promise of lands made on Dedham Plain, 10 December, as the army was Betting forth, but was not voted by tlie General Court until 1727. A gran! had been made to certain petitioners from a few towns in 1685, of a tract of land in the Nipmug country of eight miles square to make a plantation, of which, however, nothing came at « Archives, 68:140, printed in N. I'.. II. G. Reg., 16:6* b Bodge, " King Philip's War," j>. 100. DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 97 that time. When Bedford was granted in 1735, Sarah Perkins was the claimant representing Joshua Hewes. 6 Early in the autumn of 1676 an Indian named Ann Wampas or Wampus, wife of John Wampas, died in Boston. She and her husband bought, 28 Jan., 1666-7, of Robert Wyard, of Hartford, bricklayer, formerly of Boston, and wife Sarah, a dwelling house and plot of land, fronting on the training field 32 feet and having a depth of 210 feet. The bounds are described as west on the common, south on land of John Cross, east on lands of Baker, rope-maker, north " now or late of Hudson Leverett." T The con- sideration was £37-10 and the assumption of a debt of £10 due John Richards of Boston on 29 September. The deed is witnessed by John Winthrop, the younger. This lot is in Tremont street, opposite the Common, and is the site of St. Paul's church. John and Ann Wampas mortgaged the property to John Richards, agent for Major Robert Thompson of London (a great friend to the Colony), 18 Aug., 1668, for £36-17-8, The lot was then bounded east on Alexander Baker. 7 The land formed the south- ern portion of an estate reaching south from what is now W T inter street, belonging to Hudson Leverett, son of Governor Leverett, who probably sold to Wyard, though there is no deed of record. Wampas was a mariner, and claimed to be one of the hereditary pettv sachems of the Hassenameset Indians. He was in England at the time his wife died, imprisoned for debt, and his misfortunes gave rise to a letter from Charles II to Governor Leverett which is printed in N. E. Hist.-Geneal. Register, Vol. 35, page 273. 8 This letter is as follows : CHARLES, R. Trusty and Welbeloved: Wee greet you well. Whereas wee have been humbly informed by the petition of John Wampas als White, that he was about six e Bodge, " King Philip's War," p. 435. t Suffolk Deeds, 5:542. s This is the letter addressed on the outside " To Our Trusty and Wel- beloved Sr. .John Leverett knt. governour of Massachusetts bay in new Eng- land," which has given rise to the supposition that Leverett had been knighted but had kept the honor secret. The true explanation appears to be that the outer address was a careless error of the clerk of Secretary Williamson. Leverett, while filling his position as Governor to the very great satisfaction of the people of New England, and a man of the greatest worth, whom any ruler might have chosen to honor, was the last man, from his service under Cromwell and his well-known opposition to the desires of the king, whom Charles would have been likely to make a knight. 98 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES months since put into prison here for a small debt, where he hath since remained to his utter ruine, & that he hath a certain parcell of land in Massachusetts Bay, the which he hath held for many years, having taken the Oaths of Allegiance & Supremacy as our subject; and having humbly besought us to interpose with you, that he may bee restored to his sd lands, or have liberty to sell the same for his present reliefe & the payment of his debts, wee taking into our gracious consideration the miserable condition of the petitioner have thought fitt to recommend him to you, that he may have justice done him & what favour the matter will fairly beare. And soe wee bid you farewell. Given Att our Court att Whitehall the 22dth day of August, 1676 in the 28th yeare of our reigne. By his Mat les command Williamson This royal communication, in which the sovereign of a great nation expressed his commiseration for the poor Indian, was re- ceived by Leverett the following June, during which time Wampas would have remained in a debtor's prison if it had not been for more humble friends, for his royal patron did not concern him- self sufficiently to show his interest in a more practical manner than to give him a letter to carry across the ocean. These friends, who doubtless had an eye to their own profit, seem to have been Nicholas Warner of Ratcliffe, Benjamin Franklin, cooper, and Anthony Mudd, carpenter, also of the same parish, and John Warner, son of Nicholas ; and to them Wampas in December, 1676, " for kindnesses and a loan, while a prisoner in or near London " and " for help in getting him out of prison," granted over 6000 acres out of any land he might have near Quansagomack and near Marlboro at Quinsigamond Pond in Massachusetts. These deeds were acknowledged in Boston before Simon Bradstreet 16 Aug., 1677. Wampas in granting these lands affected somewhat thai divine right which his overlord Charles felt he possessed. Claiming to be a sachem of a small tribe of Indians, he felt no hesi- tancy in granting to strangers whatever rights his tribe may have retained in parts of their former territory. Later he entered into another land transaction, which, after due authorization by the colonial government and acceptance by his tribe or their pre- sumed representatives, brought into being the present town of Sutton, and in this Joshua Hewea participated, ;is we shall see. o Middlesex Deeds, 6:82-101. DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 99 The proceedings taken to settle the estate of Ann Wampas are recorded in volume 12 of Suffolk probate records, pages 10, 95. Milcah Wright, aged 58, testified that " Anne Wampas often said in her lifetime, and but a little before she died, that what estate soever she had she would give to Mr. Hughes his children after her death, for the love that their father had shown to her, for she said Mr. Hughs if he would might have made her a slave all the days of her life." Sarah Ellis, aged about 45, testified to the same effect, and added " that in the time of her sickness she gave the keys of her house to deliver into Joshua Heughs, which she did after she was dead." Prudence Delany, aged 18, testified that " half an hour before Anne Wampas was scalded, I heard her say that Joshua Hughs should have all the estate she had when she died, and that she wished she was worth a thousand pounds for his sake, he would have it every farthing." Administration was granted on her estate 28 Sept., 1676, to Joshua Hews [sic] in behalf of those to whom of right it shall belong. An inventory taken 16 Sept., 1676, by James Oliver, Thomas Brattle and Richard Woode, disclosed personal estate of £21-7-0 and house and ground valued at £100. The items of the inventory show that Anne possessed much what any of the middle class town dwellers of that date had, china, pewter, leather gloves, lace, a silver bodkin, linen head-gear, etc. She also had a feather fan with a silver handle, seven pewter porringers, a pair of silk stockings and seven pair of " old stockings." She had in the house 24 shillings in money; and loaned out, not included in the above total, £17 to Mr. Robert Sedgwick, and £10 to Mr. Rich- ard Knight. On the 22 Nov., 1677, Hewes having presented his account, a " quietus " was granted at a county court and his bond delivered to him. Whatever Lieutenant Joshua Hewes had done to win the undy- ing gratitude of Anne Wampas has not been learned, but when John Wampas returned to Boston, one of his first acts was to con- firm " the grant of Anne, his late wife, deceased, to Joshua Hews, Mary Lamb, and Hannah Hews all of Boston " of that house and land near the training field, and all her estate whatsoever she died seized of, and especially in consideration of £20 paid him by Joshua Hewes and William Lamb, provided always that Hanna Hews shall not claim any greater interest in above premises than what was given her by the said Anne Wampas, and accordingly 100 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES divided to her by the said Joshua and Mary. This confirmation is dated the 2 June, 1677. 1U Before the grantees of Ann Wam- pas obtained a clear title to the lot they had to discharge the mortgage to Thompson, which was done 15 Jan., 1679-80. This lot, on which was a house, remained in the hands of Joshua Hewes, and is mentioned in his will, the interest which his sister Mary had in it being especially reserved. It was finally sold 15 Feb., 1725-6, for £210, to John Bushell of Boston, who owned the house and land to the south, 11 by the heirs of Joshua, viz: Mary Perkins, widow, Sarah Grice, widow ; Joshua Hewes, tailor ; Sam- uel Hewes, merchant; Benjamin Hewes, cooper; Edmond Dolbear, merchant : Nathaniel Hewes, blacksmith ; William Kilworth, cord- wainer ; Richard Blay, mariner ; Elizabeth Hewes, spinster ; and Hannah Hewes, single-woman, all of Boston. Mary Lamb had died in 1710, childless, and her interest in the property had de- scended to her brother's heirs. The Nipmug country was claimed by the Indians resident in the Indian towns at Natick and near Marlboro, and in 1681 the Gen- eral Court appointed Thomas Dudley and William Stoughton to find out what their claims were and how they were affected by grants by the Indians or others, and indeed what ought to be done. The committee found that they could purchase for less than £100 whatever rights the Indians claimed in the territory west of the Nipmug River, leaving them certain " waste land," and that there were no obstruction to the Indians conveying the lands except such claims as were advanced by several executors of the estate of John Wampus. In 1682 deeds to this territory, of con- siderable extent and embracing a number of the present townships south of Wachusett to the Connecticut line, were passed, and a clear title was vested in the Governor and Company of Massa- chusetts Bay. 12 John Wampas married Prask, called in English Ann. She was acknowledged by Romanock, an Indian sachem who had formerly possessed Lands in Fairfield, Conn., as his daughter. Through her Wampas laid claim to lands in Fairfield. When in England lie petitioned the king and obtained in March, 1679, an order in toWhlch is .i]so die date endorsed by <'.<>\f Mr. Dolbear" was buried Sept., 1702 (Boston records). An Bdmond J)oii>r;ir died April, 1796, aged 39. "Mrs. Dolbeare buried 13 . ! rOS" (Old Sexton's hill). 1 illusion exists concerning the date of death of the persons bearing the name ■'" hua Hewes. Joshua {Joshua, Joshua') died prior to Oct.. 1790, tatement in the grant of administration on his father's estate to .) " • pii Dolbear. The old Sexton's bills collected at the City Registrar's of- iii'A the following burials: Joshua Hewes, :*i Jan., 1718-19. Hew< from the Almshouse, 2 Feb., 1719-20. Joshua Hewes, J May, 17J0. DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 109 ords). Probably the following records relate to his fam- ily. A " child of Joshua Hewes, Jr., buried 6 June, 1718 (Sexton's bill)." Hannah, of Joshua and Hannah Hewes born 26 April, 1717, died aged 2 and one half years, 31 July, 1721 (Boston records). 18 Nathaniel, born 2 March, 1697; died s. p. prior to 1728; married at Braintree 17 Dec, 1717, Mary Hayden. On 31 March, 1725 Nathaniel Hughes was dismissed from be- ing a watchman, for disorder, and Joshua Williams ad- mitted a watchman in his place (Selectmen's records). 19 Elizabeth, born 29 Aug., 1702; married subsequent to 1725, John Reed, Jr., of Barrington, Bristol county, brick-maker. 20 Hannah, born June, 1704; married Richard Blay, mar- iner, who died prior to 1730. Joshua Hewes " junior " was a gunsmith. In a law suit of Peter Collimer against Francis Marshall of Boston, butcher, Joshua Hewes, Jr., testified that he was of full age, and in October, 1697, went down to Frank Marshall's slaughter house and " he ben ther & I saw toue oxin hanging upe and i asked him howe Befe went a pound and he said toue pens happ'ny a pound, for said he that we shall not git knowetting at all By them toue for we give mister collimore toue pense a pound for them Round and them toue in the yard." Hewes signed and appar- ently wrote out his own testimony. The case is rather interesting as showing how the butcher's business was conducted in those days. Collimer claimed to have sold four oxen at two pence the pound " round, hides, flesh and tallow," the whole weighing 2500 pounds. Marshall claimed that the oxen were sold to one Slegg, since deceased and insolvent, who killed the oxen at his slaughter house ; it being their well-known custom to let out the slaughter house. Proof was also presented to show that Colli- mer had sold four oxen to one John Barry, a tanner, for 5-i shil- lings in Oct., 1697, the time of the sale to Slegg, which may be an attempt to show that he realized on the hides apart from the rest of the beast. Ann Doubleday, widow, testified that Collimer came to her house " last winter " and asked if Slegg left any es- tate, as he owed him for the oxen. John Pitts, butcher, testified that Slegg told him he had bought of Collimer. Martha Bansford, aged 24, testified that Collimer brought four oxen to sell to her 110 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES husband, but Slegg went into the yard to look at them, and Colli- mer went past their shop and, clapping his hand on his pocket, said, " there was his money for his cattle." She had warned him of the financial irresponsibility of Slegg. This case was appealed by Collimer, who lost in the lower court (Suffolk Files, 3675). Hewes is mentioned in a suit by Isaac Royal against Col. Wil- liam Foster, of Barbadoes, merchant. Royal sued for balance of account, 4 Nov., 1698. It appears that he sold part of the ship Margaret to Foster, and then laded her with goods on their joint account, and that they traded as partners. Matthias Clarke was master of the Margaret galley. Royal's account in- cluded the following item, " 13 August, 1696. To making new locks, mending and cleaning nineteen guns, paid Joshua Hues, £16-11-4 " (Suffolk Files, 3859). Finally these court files introduce us to a suit against Hewes. " Samuel Russell of Boston vs. Joshua Hewes of Boston, gun- smith," for £8-6-0, goods sold and cash lent, and work done, Dec. 4, 1697 and since." Hewes lost, but appealed. Russell entered the following bill (Suffolk Files, 4764) : 4 Dec, 1697 To one frise coat for yourself .£3-10-6 To making your wife, a riding whood silk 0- 3-6 22 Apr. 1699 one serg coat for your son 1 1 Aug. 1699 To one blue broadcloath garters and breeches 3- 6-0 He was employed as an " armourer " in the army raised for the invasion of Canada. " Paid Joshua Hews armourer and ye rest of ye armourers y l served in ye Expedition to Canada from July 21 to Oct. 15, 1711, £31-1-8 " (Treasurer's Account 1711- 12, Mass. Arch. 122:394). Joshua Hewes, Jr.'s name appears on Boston records among those who had not paid their rates for 1701 and 1701-2. His rate was 9 shillings. In 1701 his petition to build in wood was allowed by the selectmen. III. 10 SAMUEL HEWES {Joshua, Joshua) of Boston, cooper, 8 born in Boston, 8 Sept., 1677; died in Antigua prior to July, L790. Samuel Hewes and Hannah Johnson were married by Samuel > Samuel Hewes of Antigua, "vintner," sued William Hirst of Salem, mer- chant, otherwise described ;i^ of Antigua, for debt, and recovered £143. (Suffolk Court ('i)iimiun 1'leas, October term, 1718.) DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 111 Sewall, Esq., 11 Dec, 1700 (Boston records). Hannah Johnson was daughter of Samuel Johnson, of Boston, cooper. 4 She was born 22 Jan., 1677-8, and died 1734, which year, 21 Dec, admin- istration on her estate was granted to her son Samuel Hewes, she being termed his mother in the papers of administration (30; 453). Inventory of her estate included 67 ounces silver valued at £91, and 13 dwt. gold valued at £12, and a house and land in Water street, valued at £600 (Suffolk Probate, 32:196). After her husband's death, she inherited from her father a half interest in the westerly part of his house called the kitchen, 16 feet front on the street. On 6 July, 1720, she purchased of Wil- liam Sutton and Mary his wife, her sister, their interest in the house and lot (Deeds, 34:224). This was the eastern corner of Devonshire street. It was in the cellar of a building standing here, that the gravestone of Lieutenant Joshua Hewes was found, it is said during the improvements made at the time the Post Of- fice was built in 1876. A " negro woman of Samuel Hewes " died 6 Jan., 1714 (Boston records). Children: 21+ Samuel, born 13 Oct., 1701 ; baptized as child of Hannah Hewes at the Old South, 19 Oct., 1702. 22+ Benjamin, born 15 Nov., 1703; baptized as child of Han- nah Hewes, at Old South, 21 Nov., 1704. 23+ Joshua, born probably in 1705, or earlier. 24+ Nathaniel, he with brother Joshua are named in Nathan- iel Norden's will. Living in 1729. 25+ Hannah, born 19 May, 1715 (town rec.) ; married 31 March, 1736, Stephen Winter. Administration on the estate of Samuel Hewes was granted by Samuel Sewall, Esq., Judge of the Probate of Wills, etc., to Han- nah Hughes of Boston in the County of Suffolk, Widow, 18 July, 1720. The following inventory was filed : An Inventory of the Estate of Sam'l. Hewes, late of Antigua Deceased taken by us the Subscribers this third day of Jan., 1720 Vizt. 79y 2 ounces of Plate at 11/6 41 13 9 * For the ancestry of Hannah Johnson, see Appendix. 9 17 8 16 3 1 6 7 9 12 3 11 1 07 05 6 7 13 2 02 2 100 112 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 3 Feather Beds & Bolsters & two Bedsteads with rods 12 15 5 Pillows, 3 pr. Blanketts, 4 Rugs, 2 Quilts & 2 counterpanes 12 pr. Sheets, 9 pr. Pillowbears 9 Table Clothes, 8 Towells, & 30 Napkins Old Books, Coat & Vest, 3.12/., 3 pr. Curtains 2.15/ 2 looking Glasses, 2 Tables, 2 Chest of Drawers 18 chairs, 8 Trunks, knives & forkes 2 fire shovels, 2 Tongs, 5 Brass Candlesticks & pepper box. Warming pan & Frying pan A Coper Pot, Ladle, Fleshfork & Skimmer 80 x w't of Pewter at 18/ 3 brass kettles, 2 pr Brass Andirons & a Jack 3 pr. Doggs, Morter and Pestel, Scales weights, 2 Spitts and 4 Iron Potts, 3 Tramels & a Fender & Gridiron Earthen ware, Glasses & Lumber A Bond of Walter Price of Salem 216 2 9 Thomas Phillips, Wm. Lowder, Nicholas Boone. Suffolk ss. By the Hon. ble Sam 1 Sewall Esq Judge of Probate &c. Hannah Hewes Widow and Adm 8 of the Estate of her Husband Samuel Hewes late of Antigua Cooper deceased presented this In- ventory and made Oath that it is a true and perfect Inventory of the Estate of the said Samuel Hewes, so far as has to her knowl- edge, and that if more hereafter appear, she will cause it to be added, the apprizers having been sworn according to law. Boston Jan 21 st 1720 Jurat Coram Samuel Sewell Samuel Hewes of Boston, merchant, had administration 29 July, 1735 on his mother Hannah Hewes'' estate, and presented the following inventory taken 31 December, 1734. Inventory of estate of Mrs. Hannah Hewes, late of Boston, widow. A House & Land in Water St. £600. 67 oz. f) dwt Silver @ 27/ p. oz. £91-1 18 clwt. : 4 Gold £12.7/ 103.8 A Large and small Looking gl.iss 11.10 i Feather Beds with Bedsteads & Iron Rods 81.5 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 113 A Quilt & 2 Ruggs 70/ 2 chest with Drawers & 1 Table & 2 Trunks old £9.7/ 12.10 5 Leather & 9 bass bottomed Chairs, 2.8 A prcll of Iron and small Brass Ware 24.1 A prcll of Pewter, w r QVA @ 3/6 10.15.3 Some Earthen Ware & small box 17/6 Household Linnen 24. 2 Tables, 1 Chest, 2 boxes, 1 bowl Morter Cupboard, & B.B. 1.18 2 Cushions, 2 Folding Boards, Some Books & 6 Sticks Fustick 2.7 1 pr Serge Curtains 1. The above Inventory is shown by Sam 1 Hewes as the Estate of Mrs. Hannah Hewes which we approve according to the best of our Judgment. Benj. Pollard Jer e . Green Middlecott Cooke, appointed by Hon. Josiah Willard, Judge of Probate. FOURTH GENERATION IV. 21 SAMUEL HEWES {Samuel, Joshua, Joshua) of Boston, merchant, born 13 Oct., 1701 ; baptized at the Old South 19 Oct., 1702; died in Boston 31 Jan., 1765, aged 64 (Bos- ton Post Boy). He married, first, 18 July, 1728, Deborah, daughter of Israel and Sarah (Man) Phippeny of Boston, born there 30 Aug., 1708 (Town records). Samuel and Deborah Hewes renewed the covenant at the New South Church 3 Aug., 1729. 8 Dec, 1729, Samuel Hewes of Boston, shopkeeper, and De- borah, his wife, granddaughter of Deborah Mann, late of Boston, widow, in consideration of £400, release all their right in the estate of the said Deborah Mann, and to a tenement in Marlboro street, to Eliza Bull, of Boston, widow (Suffolk Deeds, 44:72). Samuel Hewes married, second, 5 Dec, 1734, Elizabeth Tew (Town records). "Elizabeth widow of Samuel Hewes, Esq., merchant, died 23 Feb., 1774, aged 68." She was the daughter of Henry and Mary (Felmare) Tew, and was born 20 Aug., 1707 (Town records). She was received into full communion at the New South, 14 Sept., 1735. Elizabeth Hewes who renewed the covenant at the New South 114 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 3 Nov., 1754, and was received into full communion 15 Feb., 1756, was probably Elizabeth, wife of Samuel Hewes, Jr. Children of Samuel and Deborah: 2G+ Samuel, born 6 Aug., 1729; baptized at the New South, 10 Aug., 1729. 27+ Deborah, bom 25 March, 1733 ; baptized at the New South 1 April, 1733; married 19 Nov., 1761, Jabez Hatch. Samuel Hewes was received into full communion at the New South 19 Feb., 1743. He was deacon in that church in 1758, and on 9 July of that year his negro man, Edward, was baptized. Edward's children James, and Nancy, Gibbah and Jean, negresses, slaves of Samuel Hewes, were baptized 11 July, 1762. Samuel Hewes was a successful merchant, beginning first as a " shopkeeper." About 1730 he removed to Watertown where he conducted a general trading business, but was soon back in Boston (Suffolk Court Common Pleas, 1730). Later he owned part of Long Wharf, where he had a warehouse, and probably dealt in imported English goods as well as products of the West Indies. Later his son was associated with him. He was captain of one of the Boston militia companies, and in 1748, 1750, 1752, 1753, was on the Committee on Visitation of the town for Ward 9. In 1753 he was elected Selectman in place of Thomas Han- cock, and continued in this office until 12 March, 1764, and on his retirement the town passed a vote in recognition of his long serv- ice. From 1757 to 1764 he was one of the Trustees of the lot- tery established by the town to raise money for the paving of the Neck, and in 1765 was on the Committee to visit schools. The report of the Committee to visit the Boston schools, of which Mr. Hewes was a member, is a model for brevity, " The Soutli Grammar School had 117 scholars, North Grammar School 57 schollars, the South Writing School 234 schollars, the writing School in Queen Street 249 schollars; all in very good or- der." In the Great Fire of 20 March, 1760. lie was one of the prin- cipal sufferers. This fire started at 2 a. M., in the dwelling house of Mrs. Mary Jackson at the Brazen I bad in Cornhill (Washington street, opposite Williams Court) and soon burned every house, with a IVu exceptions, t<> Oliver's Dock. Thence across State Street, sweeping .all before it, to Fori Hill, and to the wharves. Aboul 400 buildings were destroyed. Hewes' loss DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 115 was given as £324 in the Post Boy and Advertiser of 24 March (Boston Rec. Com. Rpt. 29). On the 29 March, 1760, the Gen- eral Court appointed a Commission on the rebuilding of Boston, of which the Governor was a member. This Commission con- sisted of the Governor and Council, and the Selectmen of Boston, and their proceedings are printed in the 29th Report of the Bos- ton Record Commissioners. Samuel Hewes took a prominent part in the proceedings, which chiefly concerned the laying out of streets, many changes being made in the old crooked narrow thor- oughfares. He was on a special committee to consider widening and straightening Water Street and the lower part of Milk Street. The plan proposed by this committee contemplated extending Milk Street to the shore, and, with this exception, the report, with some modifications lessening the expense, was finally adopted. In Oct., 1750, Capt. Goelet of New York visited Boston and Salem, and was entertained by the principal personages in those places. He left an interesting account of his visit which has been published in Vol. 24 of the N. E. Historical Genealogical Regis- ter. He speaks of the entertainment offered to him by the Bos- ton merchants, among them Samuel Hewes, Esq. The Boston Post Boy of 4 Feb., 1765, contained the follow- ing notice of his death: " Last Wednesday died here after a lin- gering illness in the 65th year of his age, greatly lamented, the truly worthy Samuel Hewes, Esq., for many years past an emi- nent Merchant, and one of the Selectmen of this town. For his many virtues, his Memory will be ever grateful to all who had the Pleasure of his Acquaintance, An honest Man's the noblest Work of God." His will was probated 8 Feb., 1765. He made his wife Elizabeth Hewes, son Samuel Hewes and son- in-law Jabez Hatch, executors. To his beloved wife he bequeathed all his slaves ; to sister Han- nah Winter eight pounds lawful money. To son Samuel the warehouse on the Long wharfs and all his rights and estate in the said wharfs. Nevertheless, his wife was to hold and enjoy one-half part during her life. The residue of his real estate to son Samuel and daughter Deborah and their heirs, share and share alike. To his wife all household furniture excepting a high desk and the plate, which was disposed of in following manner : Three small silver cups to three grand children, one to each: to son Samuel the high desk, silver strainer and ladle and 116 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES wearing apparel : to Sam 1 Hewes, a grand-son, gold sleeve buttons, silver knee buckles and silver shoe buckles ; one half residue of plate equally between said son and daughter; the other half to wife, and at her death all her share in estate to son and daughter. The witnesses to the will were Joseph Gardner, Isaac Hawes, Richard Dana. A copy of the Inventory of his estate taken by John Hill, Jon- athan Clark and John Winslow, 14 Feb., 1765, follows : Warehouse on the Long Wharf 24 part wharfage £ 400. 4 Shares in Township of New Boston East, 106.13.4 A Lot of Land in Water street Boston, 100. 170 acres of Land in Bedford New Hampshire 59.10 1/half of a Brig 1 burthen 140 Tons 300. 1/16 of a Sloop 80 Tons " 20.16.8 20 pipes Fyall Wine at 9.6^ do £7.6.8 227-13.4 1 pipe ThenerifFe do. .£13.6.8. 2 pipes do. mixed with salt water @ £3 19. 6.8 286 Gallens West India Rum @ 2/ 28.12 117 Gal Molasses 9/ O.T. 8.16.5 66 Sugar 10.1 2 Beams with Scales & Weights 5.16.6 4 Casks & a part of Nails 31. 3.4 4 T :l <,r :24 Deck Nails 11.14 l T :3 qr -: Shot 42/ 7 T 3y Mons. Louis Le Bour, who captured the St. Michael, 20 leagues off Sabia, and took her to the island of Blanco, where the captured crew were kept until 9 January. Davis and about fourteen others were forced on board the Sultan Galley, which had been taken from Capt. John Richards, and which sailed DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 121 thence under Bellamy's command. Later a ship called the Whiddo was captured, and Davis with the rest of " the prison- ers " came in her onto the New England coast, where she was cast away, and Davis with one John Julian alone escaped. Davis denied knowing where her treasure was, and had never been ad- mitted to the confidence of the pirates. He was retained in custody long enough for evidences regard- ing his honesty to be obtained. One testimony in his favor was from Captain John Gilbert, of Bristol, mariner, who identified him as son of William Davis of Bristol, and testified that he was of good reputation. His father William Davis, of Bristol, car- penter, petitions for his son's release, testifying to his having been an obedient and dutiful son. No disposition as to his case appears in the files, but it is to be hoped that Davis was released. Punishment of men found guilty of piracy even if not actually proven to have participated in the crimes of their guilty associates, as in Davis' case, was swift and sure. 3 Low was one of the most dreaded of the pirates who preyed upon the colonial commerce. The ships of war stationed on the New England coast were not very successful in their attempts to put down piracy, and now and again the Colony sent a merchant vessel chartered for that purpose in pursuit of some pirate ship reported off the coast. After his settlement in Jamaica, Benjamin Hewes and his wife, Martha, in 1737, joined in the sale of the Water street property in Boston, and also in 1745 with wife Prudence, he gave power of attorney to his brother Samuel Hewes (Suffolk Deeds, 71:134). IV. 23 JOSHUA HEWES (Samuel, Joshua, Joshua), born probably in 1705. The baptisms of his two elder brothers, Sam- uel and Benjamin, are found recorded on the register of the Old South, in 1702 and 1704 respectively. There is a hiatus in the record until 1714, and during this period Joshua and Nathaniel were born. Town and church records are silent concerning these two sons of Samuel. Both are named in the will of Na- thaniel Norden, dated 1724, and both received their legacies, and, therefore, were living in 1729, and of age. When their brother s Files 26,283, also 99 of " Fragments." 122 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES Benjamin Hewes of Kingston made his will in 1745, they had probably deceased, for Benjamin named only his brother Samuel and sister Hannah as his heirs in case his daughter should die without issue. The records of Medfield mention the death there of Hannah " wife of Joshua Hewes " 27 March, 1756. Joshua Hewes is not otherwise mentioned, and we are left in ignorance if Hannah was a widow or not. She was probably living in the family of Benjamin Hewes of that place, who named a son Joshua, prob- ably after his father, another son Benjamin, after himself, and his daughters, Hannah and Lydia, presumably after his mother and wife respectively. Benjamin was in straitened circum- stances during his residence in Medfield. Joshua had realized on his legacy and share in the Norden estate as will be shown below, and it is not probable that at his death he had any estate needing administration. If, as surmised, Joshua had died prior to 1745, leaving no es- tate, it would have been entirely in keeping with the custom of that day that his children should have been " bound out " during their minority, and this would account for their starting life in different places. Joshua Hewes, tailor, of Boston, 25 April, 1729, gave his bond for £160 that he would pay £84.6.0 on or before the 25 April next to Samuel Hewes, assigning to him as security his legacy and entire interest in the estates of Nathaniel Norden (Essex Deeds 53: 167). On the 23 Oct., 1749, Samuel Hewes sold to Nathaniel Bowen of Marblehead 9/13 of the estate of Nathaniel Norden, describing the same as those thirteenths he had purchased from William Killworth and wife Elizabeth, Charles Busso and wife Hannah, John Reed and wife Elizabeth, Hannah Blay, Edmund Dolbear, Stephen Winter and wife Han- nah, Joshua Hewes, Edmund Grice Dolbear and wife Elizabeth, and his own share (Essex Deeds 95:66). Bowen also purchased 1 March, 1750, of the administrator of the estate of Col. Ed- mund Goffe, :i Hi of the estate, being the portions of Sarah Grice, Mary Perkins, and Nathaniel Hewes. by them sold to Goffe 8 Oct., 1729 (Essex Deeds 159:233). The original deed to Goffe u:is drawn conveying to him the interest of Mary Perkins, Sarah Grice, widows, Joshua Hewes of Boston, tailor, Na- thaniel Hewes, blacksmith, Hannah Blay, William Killworth and DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 123 Charles Busso, but the only heirs signing the deed were Mary- Perkins, Sarah Grice, Joshua and Nathaniel Hewes, the latter using the same mark with which he signed his receipt for the legacy of £40. Joshua Hewes' interest had already been as- signed to Samuel Hewes, hence Goffe's administrator could not convey that interest. Bowen thus came into possession of all but 1/13 of the estate, the missing share being that belonging to Benjamin Hewes or his heirs. The thirteen heirs to the Norden estate were: Sarah Grice, Mary Perkins, Edmund Dolbear, Elizabeth Killworth, Hannah Busso, Edmund Grice Dolbear, Samuel Hewes, Benjamin Hewes, Joshua Hewes (son of Samuel), Nathaniel Hewes (son of Sam- uel), Hannah Winter, Hannah Blay, and Elizabeth Reed: thus proving that Joshua and Nathaniel Hewes, sons of Joshua, had died before Norden, and without leaving children. This agrees with the records of births and deaths in Boston. As mentioned above, Joshua Hewes received his share of his Uncle Norden's estate in 1729. He was a party to several law suits between 1727 and 1731. During these years he was doing business in Boston as a tailor, and occupied a house in Shrimp- ton's Lane for which he paid £2-10-0 a quarter. He removed to Sherburne probably late in 1730 (Suffolk Court Common Pleas, 1727-1731). The owner of the house rented to Hewes was William Mann, of Boston, brazier. Joshua Hewes was de- scribed as of Sherburne, tailor, in Sept., 1736 (Ibid.) Search of Middlesex Sessions Records fails to find any " cau- tion " 4 against Hewes, nor is there any record of purchase of land in Medfield by him. Children (probable) : 32 Joshua, died in Boston, buried 31 Oct., 1760, described on King's Chapel Register as " ropemaker, aged 37 years." Tins would bring his birth in 1724, or when Joshua, his supposed father, was probably not more than 20 years old. The age at death is not necessarily to be assumed * New comers settling in a town were " cautioned " or " warned " regard- less of their standing. This was to prevent their being regarded as in- habitants until properly admitted, either by vote or by purchase. This cus- tom obtained until the Revolution. In order to be effective the cautions had to be allowed by the county courts. The yearly returns from the vari- ous towns form an invaluable record of the migration of Massachusetts fami- lies during the 18th century. 124< DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES as precise. Errors of a year or two are common in giving the supposed age at death. This Joshua, the ropemaker, is supposed to be he who married in Boston, at King's Chapel, 18 July, 1742, Abigail, Lackey, who was buried 31 July, 174*8, from Trinity Church, de- scribed on the register as wife of Josiah [sic] Hewes. Boston records record the marriage of Joshua Hewes and Jane Kimball, 15 May, 1749. She may have been widow of Thomas Kimball who married 4 April, 1738, Jane Surcumb (Seccomb). 5 There is little to guide the investigator seeking the parentage or history of this Joshua Hewes. He does not appear to have owned land, nor to have left any estate. The tax lists of Bos- ton prior to 1790, with the exception of a few of earlier date than Joshua's birth, are lost, probably destroyed in a fire at Faneuil Hall where the records of the assessors were kept. Because of his marriage at King's Chapel, and burial of Abigail from Trinity, it may be accepted that she at least was a member of the English church, and the baptism of any child she may have had would be expected to be of record with those churches. No rec- ord of children has been found on town or church rec- ords. 33+ Benjamin, married in 1748 ; of Medfield. Born probably about 1725. The probabilities are greater in his case than with Joshua as to his being a child of Joshua, No. 23. It is thought he was son of Joshua and Hannah. 34+ John, of Lynnfield, born 13 July, 1741. He named sons Joshua and Benjamin. His father was "of Boston," and had evidently died when John was a young child. John Hewes was "warned" from Wrcntham, 18 May, 1764 (Suffolk files, 85:263). IV. 21. NATHANIEL HEWES (Samuel, Joshua, Joshua), born in Boston, probably about 170(>. He was a blacksmith, and in 1729 of Boston. It is probable thai lie removed from Boston about that time Hi- is assumed to be the father of Nathaniel r ' Richard Surcum and Jane Savory were married 8 May, 1715. No chil- dren appear of record. DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 125 Hewcs of Brimfield, Mass., and Lyme, N. H., and probably of other children. Child: 35+ Nathaniel, born about 1725. IV. 25 HANNAH HEWES (Samuel, Joshua, Joshua), born 19 May, 1715; died Dec, 1774, aged 60 (Mass. Gazette); married 31 March, 1736, Stephen Winter of Boston, jeweler (Town records). She is mentioned in the will of Elizabeth, widow of Samuel Hewes the merchant. Inventory of Mr. Ste- phen Winter 25 Nov., 1747, presented by Hannah Winter 7 June, 1748. Total £574, including one mulatto boy at £50 (Suf- folk Probate, 41:233). Children; born in Boston: 36 Hannah Winter, born 10 Jan., 1736. 37 Stephen Winter, born 16 Feb., 1738, married Mary. 38 Samuel Winter, born 29 May, 1741. 39 Benjamin Winter, born 17 June, 1743. 40 Mary Winter, born 18 Oct., 1745. FIFTH GENERATION V. 26 SAMUEL HEWES (Samuel, Samuel, Joshua, Joshua), of Boston, merchant, born in Boston 6 Aug., 1729; died 1793, aged 64 (Mass. Magazine). He married 6 Dec, 1753, Elizabeth Hill (Boston records). His will dated 28 Feb., 1788 names wife Elizabeth, son Samuel, and unmarried daughters Hannah, and Nancy (Suffolk Probate, 92:93). The will was proved 19 Feb., 1793 by Elizabeth and Samuel Hewes, merchant, who gave bond with Henry Newman, merchant. The account of Samuel Hewes, surviving executor, was rendered in 1813. In the Census 1790 he had twelve in his family, five males over sixteen years, two under sixteen, and five females. Children: 41 Samuel, born [ ] ; baptized 22 Feb., 1756 (New South) ; died young. 42 Elizabeth, born 10 Sept., 1757; baptized 11 Sept. (New South) ; died young. 126 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 43 Deborah, born 14 March, 1759 ; baptized 18 March (New South) ; died young. 44^ Samuel, (name changed to Samuel Hill Hewes) ; baptized 22 Feb., 1761 (New South) ; died 9 April, 1845 of schir- rus of the stomach (Boston records). 45 Hannah, baptized 4 Sept., 1763 (New South). 46 Ann, baptized 3 May, 1767 (New South). 47 Thomas, baptized 26 March, 1769, (New South) ; prob- ably died young. In 1756 Samuel Hewes, Jr., was chosen constable, but was ex- cused. Two years later he was chosen clerk of the market. In 1773 he was chosen warden, and in 1776 was one of the com- mittee of thirty-six to enquire into who had the smallpox and who are in or who have served in the army. In 1777 and 1778, he was one of the overseers of the poor (Boston town records). Samuel Hewes was engaged with his father in business, under the title of Samuel Hewes and Son, and after his father's death continued the business. 13 Aug., 1768, Elizabeth Hewes of Bos- ton, widow, grants to Samuel Hewes of Boston, merchant, all her right, etc., in estate of her late husband, Samuel Hewes, Esq., and in return Samuel Hewes leases for life to the said Elizabeth, all his warehouse on Long Wharf and all his interest in the said wharf and warehouse which belonged to his late father, and the addition he has made to the said warehouse (Suffolk Deeds, 113:197). 1 Nov., 1767, Samuel Hewes of Boston, merchant, and Jabez Hatch of Boston, merchant, and Deborah, his wife, divide be- tween them the estate left by their mother Deborah Hewes, and land in Water street which their father Samuel Hewes died seized of. " Whereas Deborah, late wife of Samuel Hewes, Esq., deceased, and mother of said Samuel and Deborah, died seized of land in Marlboro street, with the buildings thereon, which after the death of Samuel Hewes, Esq., tenant by courtesy, descended to the said Deborah and Samuel, children and co-heirs, and Sam- uel Hewes, Esq., their father, died seized of land in Water street, and by will devised to said Samuel and Deborah in equal shares the Baid Samuel grants to Jabez and Deborah his one half interest in the estate ID Water street bounded southerly on Water street 16 feet, wresi <>n land late of Richard Bell, Esq., deceased, 82 feet, northerly <>n land late of John Fosdick, 16 feet, easterly on land now or late of Joseph Johnson, sh>i Jan. 175& DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HE WES 133 His brother, Joshua Hewes, settled in Royalston prior to 1773. It is probable that Moses lived for a time there, perhaps with his brother. Massachusetts Revolutionary Rolls show that Moses Hewes was one of the minute men raised in Medfield and Walpole, who under Capt. Sabin Mann marched on the alarm of the 19 April, 1775, and is credited with twelve days' service. This same man appears as a member of Capt. M. Whiting's company in the 3rd Massachusetts regiment commanded by Col. Greaton, 30 Dec, 1775, and apparently as having enlisted 5 May out of Mann's company. A Moses Hewes, credited to Royalston, gave receipt dated 26 June, 1775, for advance pay, being then in Wilder's company, Col. Doolittle's regiment, and appears on the rolls of that regiment 1 Aug., and 6 Oct., 1775, as enlisted 17 June, 1775. Inspection of the original records might solve this apparent discrepancy by showing a transfer from Doolittle's to Greaton's regiment. As the record appears in the printed rolls it would appear as though there were two men of this name, one of Royalston, the other of Medfield, but the genealogical records do not bear out such an assumption. Moses of Medfield was in service at Dorchester Heights in Capt. A. Guild's 7 company in Robinson's regiment raised out of Suffolk and York counties, enlisted 29 Jan., 1776. In this year he also served from 10 June, 1776, probably to December, in the Continental army in Canada, being of the reinforcements and enlisted from Mann's company of Medfield militia, when his age was given as 24 years. In April, 1777, men were drafted from the same company for service in Rhode Island, and Hewes was released from the draft (Massa- chusetts Rolls). VI. 55 ALPHEUS HEWES (Benjamin, Joshua, Samuel(f), Joshua, Joshua), born in Medfield, Mass., 6 June, 1753. He was living in Newark, N. J., in 1818 and in 1832 when he made applications for pension as a Revolutionary soldier, and from his declarations on file the following account of his wanderings and service is taken. After stating that he was born in Medfield, 6 June, 1753, which record he obtained about 1790 from the " Original record in New England," he states he was living in Virginia in 1775 and en- 7 Capt. Guild was a Dedham man. 134 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES listed in the fall of that year in a company commanded by Capt. Heirn, at Spottsylvania, in a regiment he believes was on the Continental establishment, but is informed that it was composed of State troops. He was sergeant and served two months. He marched with his company to Winsburg, Va., to guard the coun- try against a British war vessel in the Bay, commanded by Lord Dunmore. He was taken sick the day before the company was discharged, and returned home without his discharge. In August, 1776, he enlisted for three years as a private in a company com- manded by Capt. Richard Taylor of the First Virginia regiment, commanded by Col. Patrick Henry. After three months' serv- ice he was appointed by Major Flemming who commanded the reg- iment, and who was killed at Princeton, quartermaster sergeant, and so acted until May or June, when by order of Gen. Stevens he was transferred to the Commissary Department and there re- mained until late in the fall of 1777. He joined his company at King's Ferry on the Hudson, and was with it on the retreat through New Jersey, passing through Elizabethtown, Newark, New Brunswick, and then returned to Elizabethtown where the troops engaged in cannonading the enemy. He was at Prince- ton a week or two, thence went into Pennsylvania. After the ar- rival on the Pennsylvania shore, the First and Third Virginia reg- iments, a Delaware and a Maryland regiment were formed into a brigade or division under command of Lord Stirling. Hewes was at the battle of Trenton. After the battles of Trenton and Princeton the remnant of the regiment was sent to the New Jersey lines, and remained there until sent into winter quarters 7 Feb., 1777. Hewes was in the Commissary's Department until the lat- ter part of 1778, when he seems to have left the service. His service in that department extended from May, 1777, to close of 1778. He was never paid any money for his service with the Virginia troops. When the troops took the field in the spring of 1777, the First Virginia was commanded by Major Nickolson. In January or February, 1780, he enlisted at Newark, N. J., in a militia company commanded by ("apt. Robert Nichols, and Served four months, two ms a horse-guard in Newark and suburbs. One evening in cold weather they skirmished with the enemy who ciine out to plunder. lie also served two months on foot under Capt. Nichols and Lt. Wheeler. He was in the service at least two years and three months. DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES 135 VI. 56 ZEPHANIAH HEWES (Benjamin, Joshua(f), Samuel(?), Joshua, Joshua), born in Mcdficld, 26 March, 1775; married there 11 March, 1778, Grace Connelly (Medfield rec- ords). Child: 73 Elizabeth V., born 18 Sept., 1778 (Dedham records). He was of Capt. Chenery's company in Col. J. Smith's regi- ment, which marched from Medfield on the Alarm of 19 April, 1775, and served 13 days. He was drafted from S. Mann's Wrentham company for service in New York, to reenforce the Continental army, 10 June, 1776, when his age was given as 21 years. He marched 26 Sept., under Lt. Plimpton. He also marched to Rhode Island on the alarm of 22 July, 1777, and also served 30 days from 1 Oct., 1777, having marched in Sep- tember, under Capt. Mann of Medfield, on a secret expedition to Rhode Island. A sign used on some former lists to designate those sick or unable to march appears against his name in this list ; it may be he was released from this service after being mustered ( Mass. Rev. Rolls). VI. 58 BENJAMIN HEWES (Benjamin, Joshua(f), Sam- uel(f), Joshua, Joshua), born in Medfield, Mass., 13 Feb., 1759; died in Lebanon, N. Y., 12 May, 1836. He married Hannah, who was pensioned as his widow in 1849. Benjamin Hewes, then living in Lebanon, N. Y., aged 72 years, made application for a pension 22 July, 1832. He was living in Medfield, Mass., in 1776, when he enlisted in a company of State troops commanded by Capt. Daniels in Col. Wheelock's regiment, of which company John Baxter was first lieutenant. They marched by way of No. 4 (Charlestown, N. H.) and the Connecticut river and Otter Creek to Ticonderoga, where they remained until their term of service expired in Jan., 1777. There were troops from New Jersey stationed at the fort, and some at Mount Independence. This service does not appear in the Massachusetts records. His next term of enlistment was on the alarm of 22 July, 1777, when he was out in Capt. S. Mann's company of Medfield militia which was ordered to Rhode Island. On 25 Sept., 1777, he enlisted in Capt. Ezekiel Plympton's com- pany, Col. Benjamin Hawes' regiment, and served in a secret ex- 136 DESCENDANTS OF JOSHUA HEWES pedition to Rhode Island until 28 Oct., (Mass. Rolls). Hewes in his declaration says that in July or August he enlisted under Plympton and marched to Little Compton, whence his company was called after a month's service, and that Simeon Mann was a major in the regiment. He thought this was the only regi- ment at Little Compton, and their object was to hold the Brit- ish at Newport in check, but there was no fighting. He further says he enlisted in June, 1778, to complete the quota of men re- quired from Mediield, and was mustered at Boston and thence went to Fishkill, where he was assigned to a line regiment, and worked on the fort at West Point. In July or August went on to White Plains, where he enlisted in the Continental regiment of Col. Brewer in Capt. Brewer's company, of which the ensign was named Bullock. That they were stationed at Danbury, but wintered at West Point, and that he served nine months in this command. Massachusetts Rolls show that he was assigned to Col. Rufus Putnam's regiment at Fishkill 20 July, 1778, and was to serve nine months, but give no further information. Hewes declared that after his discharge he served another tour of three months at West Point, and was there at the time Arnold's trea- son was discovered, having enlisted in June, 1780, in a company of Massachusetts troops commanded by Capt. Thayre, in which company Mr. Mctcalf was lieutenant. Affidavits on file show he had lived at Lebanon for twenty or thirty years prior to 1832. Hewes himself stated he went from Medfield to Newark, N. J., where he lived several years, and then settled in Galloway, N. Y., where he lived seven years, after which he settled in Lebanon. His widow was eighty-three years old in 1849. She states she was married at Galloway, N. Y., 23 Dec, 1794, by the Rev. John Lindly, Presbyterian clergyman, and that the only person now living, present at her marriage, was Thomas Harrison of Oneida Co., N. Y. Benjamin I lews belonged to the train band in Medfield of which Sabin Mann was captain, in June, 177(5. In July he was reported in the Continental army and as aged 17 years. He had enlisted that month to serve until Dec. 1, 1776. He again en- listed for nine months, in 1778, and arrived at Fishkill 18 June, 1778. He was described as aged 1!) years, 5 ft. ,i //-"^ '><■/ , . ■ „ ■ J •■•■••• /yyy '• •■••. .v — -..^ , -...-. ■ /a* 'ovn ;;-,; v ^. -w.- ,,-.., , ^ t ,. 7 J/ ^ //?J? PAGE FROM THE GENEALOGICAL RECORD OF JACOB WELLMAN HEWES DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 145 he bought land, and in 1784 eighteen acres additional of James Johnson. This farm is now divided by the Saugus road. John Hcwes served in the " Old French War." Undoubtedly all of the records given below refer to him. 2 April, 1759, he enlisted " for the reduction of Canada " un- der command of General Amherst, and is styled in the roll as " of Salem," aged 18 years. He is also called a veteran, having served the year before at Lake George. This roll also shows he was living in the family of or was an apprentice of Nathaniel Nurse (Archives, 97:92). Nearly all of this company were from Beverly, with some from Danvers and Wenham. The name of the captain is not given on the roll. He also enlisted 21 July, 1761, and served until 6 Dec, 1761, in a company commanded by Capt. Moses Hart, Esq., of Lynn. And in this roll, which is dated Boston, 25 March, 1762, his resi- dence is given as Lynn, of which town Lynnfield was then a part (Ibid., 99:118). He received for his service £8-18-8, being at the rate of £1-16 per month. Of the thirty-two privates in the company, eleven were from Lynn, seven from Danvers, Salem and Marblehead, one each from Newbury and Maiden, and two from Boston. There were also ten from Brimfield, probably raised by the lieutenant, Joseph Thompson, a Brimfield man. The ser- geants were James Johnson, Benjamin Bowden and Jonah In- graham, all of Lynn, and Daniel Sherman of Brimfield. This company was attached to the regiment commanded by Col. Rich- ard Saltonstall of Haverhill, which marched to Crown Point. The warrant to pay Capt. Moses Hart's company for service under Gen. Amherst, passed the Council 27 March, 1762 (Council rec- ords). Hart had commanded a company in the preceding cam- paign. There were several of the name John Hewes in the army in 1758. The record most likely to relate to John of Lynnfield is the following: John Hewes, residing in Marblehead, enlisted 12 May, 1758, discharged 1 Nov., 1758. Served in company commanded by Capt. Jeremiah Richards, Col. Joseph Williams' regiment (Arch- ives, 96: 440). Billeting Rolls show that he returned home from the war with his company (Ibid., 96:252, 267). This service was under Gen. Abercrombie (Council records) in Col. Williams' regiment. Most of the enlisted men were from Suffolk and pres- 146 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HE WES ent Norfolk County, and several Lynn men were of this Company. Gen. Abercrombie was the British commander of the expedi- tion of 1758, which attempted to capture Ticonderoga. On the 8 July an assault on that fort resulted in a disastrous defeat of the British and Provincial forces, the later forming three-fifths of the army of 15,000 men. The assault was ill-timed and against the advice of the New England officers, who were better informed of the strength of the French position than was Abercrombie. On his repulse, Abercrombie ordered a hasty retreat to Lake George. The entire campaign would have been a failure had it not been for Col. Bradstreet of Massachusetts, who with a small force, chiefly Provincials, reduced Kingston on Lake Ontario, thus contribut- ing largely in the reduction of Fort Duquesne by Forbes and Washington. On the 12 Jan., 1759, Wolfe was commissioned to command the forces intended to be used for the reduction of Canada. Sir Jeffrey Amherst, commanding an army of 12,000 troops, about half Provincials, succeeded in driving the French from their posts on Lake George and Champlain and had just reached the St. Lawrence when he received word of Wolfe's success at Quebec, and withdrew to winter quarters. The Massachusetts troops were dismissed at the end of the campaign, and returned to their homes. Besides the men with Amherst, Massachusetts had three hun- dred men with Wolfe, a great many in the fleet, and 2500 in garrison in and near Louisburg. Although the war was practically ended, so far as the colonies were concerned, by the fall of Quebec, peace did not come until 1763, and Massachusetts kept men in garrison in Nova Scotia, and especially at Fort Cumberland. Anna Hewes was admitted to the church at Lynnfield in July, 1777, but her husband does not appear as a member of the church in the lists of 1761 nor 1783; nor to 1823 is there any record of his admission, although he was a pew owner. Tin- children were nil baptized in the church at Lynnfield. In the Census of 1790, the family of John Hewes is described as consisting of himself, five males under sixteen, and two fe- males. He i- the only person of the name mentioned in Lynn in the Dinct Tax of 1798. The greater part of the homestead of John Hewes is now in MRS. ANN (WELLMAN) HEWES 1748-1824 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HE WES 147 possession of Elbridge F. Gerry who obtained this property from his father. Prior to ownership by the elder Gerry, the mill privilege had belonged to John P. Hawkes, and the factory there was known as Hawkes' Mill. It was also called the " Cot- ton Factory," and still earlier, soon after the death of John Hewes, the nulls were designated on maps of the day as the " Woolen Mills." These mills were operated by Jonathan Pilling, who overflowed Stone's meadow, and from him the pond was called Pilling's Pond. From quite early times the power afforded by the brook running from Stone's meadow was utilized by the Eatons for power to run a grist mill. After Hewes' death there were many conveyances of small parcels, purchases of lowland with irregular borders, and of flowage rights, by the owners of the mill privilege. The original boundaries of the lots conveyed by Orne, Johnson, and others, not being clearly defined, it is difficult to locate the boundaries of John Hewes' farm. The W 7 ellman farm extended south from the road " leading from Reading to Salem," and was bounded westerly by the brook leading out of the meadow north of the Reading road. Its southern boundaries were in the vicinity of the land owned by John Hewes, whose wife was a Wellman. Among those who pur- chased estates in Lynn End, after the division of the Common land there in 1706, were the Eatons, a Reading family, who main- tained a grist mill near the Saugus river, and whose holdings in part came into the hands of John Orne of Salem, whose estate was called " Orne's Farm." Orne bought as occasion offered, and sold off from some of his purchases land he did not want. At his death the administrator of the estate of Samuel Orne, late of Salem, sold to James Johnson of Lynnfield for £510 a farm of 170 acres in several parcels, (1) on which the buildings stood, about 100 acres, beginning at the road at the northwest corner of Joseph Gowing's pasture by the gate near the house, bounded westerly by the road until it comes to the pound in the corner of John Bancroft's orchard, thence bound southerly by said pound and the land of John Bancroft to the meadow. Thence on meadow of Ezekiel Gowing, of Joseph Jefford and Abraham W r ell- man's heirs. At the northeast corner of said Wellmans' lot by the upland side it turned and ran by their land to Bates' Brook and by the brook to a corner of the Widow Wellman's land at a 148 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES wall, thence southerty on her land, land of John Huse and Thomas Wellman until it came to Jonathan Wellman's land in the corner of the orchard; (2) 43 acres on the north side of the road; (3) 12 acres beginning at the road at the brook (Essex Deeds, 142:248). This James Johnson was son of William Johnson (Deeds, 123:93). On the same day, 24 June, 1784, Johnson sold for £175 to John Huse of Lynnfield, 18 acres, part of his purchase of Orne, begin- ning at Bates' Brook, at the corner of the Widow Wellman's land at the wall, thence running southerly, as the wall stands, by land of said Wellman, of said Huse and of Thomas Wellman, to land of Jonathan Wellman in the corner of the orchard, thence running easterly by Jonathan's land to land of Widow Parsons, thence northerly by said Parsons' land and land of the Widow Wellman to the brook, thence westerly by said brook to the bounds first men- tioned. Said Huse to have all the privilege of that part of the brook which is west of the bridge over the brook, and Johnson to have all cast of the said bridge (Essex Deeds, 137:235). On the 7 April, 1815, John Hewes conveyed, for $600, to his son Elijah Hewes the 18 acres bought of James Johnson (reserving an acre enclosed within a stone wall formerly conveyed to his son James Hewes), describing the land as bounded northerly on the " factory millpond," easterly on heirs of Abraham Wellman, south on Jonathan Wellman, and west on the way from Capt. Andrew .Mansfield's to Lynnfield meeting house (Deeds, 210:22). The road from Mansfield's is the present road to Saugus, and as it is not mentioned in Johnson's deed, had presumably been laid out after 1784. In Johnson's deed to Hewes the western bounds were lands of Thomas Wellman, John Huse, and Widow Wellman. He con- veyed to Elijah on the same day ten acres purchased of John Orne 25 March, 17G7, hounding east on the road from Mansfield's to the meeting house, southerly and westerly on land of Thomas Ban- croft, northwesterly on land of heirs of Abraham Wellman. The consideration was $500 and support for self and wife during life. In addition he conveyed to Elijah the pew in Rev. Mr. Mottey's meeting house (Deeds, 210:23). Six years after the purchase of the eighteen acre lot of John- son, John I hues mortgaged it to Thomas Lee <>f Salem for £S8. The mortgage was dated SO April, 1790, and discharged :5 Dec, 17W) (Deeds, 151 :166). On the 1 5 March, L790, he mortgaged for £15 the ten acre lot DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 149 to Mary Tarbox, widow, and Tamzon Uppum of Reading, single- woman, describing the premises as follows: ten acres of upland and meadow bounded south and west on the land of Stephen Well- man, deceased, north on land of Abraham Wellman, deceased, east on land of Samuel Orne, deceased, the easterly bounds to run within eight feet of the well, thence running westerly and north- erly two rods from said Hewes' house to the westerly corner of the garden wall, thence running as the wall stood to the easterly line of said Orne's land, thence running to the northerly line of said Abraham Wellman's land (Deeds, 151:231). The deed from Orne of 1767 is not of record, it was evidently Hewes' first purchase of land, and upon that land he built his house, and there brought his bride from Lyndeborough. The house was standing as late as 1828, and probably as late as 1848 when Elizabeth Hewes, widow, quitclaims to Hawkes all her right in 2-1/2 acres and buildings thereon, for $248, the description seeming to pertain to the land just north of the brook. From another deed of John Hewes dated 31 Jan., 1803, we find that he sold to Adam Hawkes 44 poles, one of the bounds being a mark " on the southerly end of the old dam " (Deeds, 174:63). The south end of the dam was seven poles from the road in a northeasterly direction. Mr. David Hewes, who left Lynnfield prior to 1850, in the fall of 1909 pointed out the site of an old house, which in his youth had stood west of the road, and which he supposed was once the residence of his ancestor John Hewes. 4 This recollec- tion would seem to be correct, as there is no doubt John Hewes did live in a house west of the road, probably somewhat to the north of the house now standing north of the office of Gerry's cider mill. Elijah Hewes came into possession of the three acres north of the brook and east of the road, and this later passed to Jona- than Pilling, and from him to Hawkes. Thus at one time Elijah Hewes, son of John, owned all of the land on both sides of the brook and on both sides of the road. The situation of the land owned by John Hewes, and the moderate extent of his farm, only about 28 acres, part unsuitable to tillage and part subject to flowage, would seem to indicate that he made use of the mill * Mr. Dan forth confirms this statement. The ancient Wellman house on the hill opposite was taken down in 1836. 150 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES privilege, although no record of that fact appears. Before his death there was a mill in existence at that point. This is the mill which later was operated by Jonathan Pilling, and afterward by Hawkes, from whom the privilege passed to the Gerrys. It has been mentioned above that the deed from Orne to Hewes of 1767 is not of record. The ten-acre tract bought by Hewes was between land of the Wellmans. There is on record a deed, dated 1762, by which John Orne of Salem purchased from Jedi- diah Wellman of Danvers, physician, ten acres in Lynnfield, bounded southerly and westerly by land of Stephen Wellman, northerly by land the grantor had sold to Abraham Wellman and a ditch, and easterly by land of said Orne. This would seem to be the ten acres Orne sold to John Hewes, and therefore in all probabilities part of the old Wellman farm. The old mill was a story and a half building 28 by 40 feet. Mr. Mitchell, who tore it down, stated it was built in the olden time sub- stantial fashion, with hewn timbers and laths. The water-fall, formerly six feet, with an over-shot wheel, is now, by means of a new dam, 26 feet, increasing the power fourfold and running a turbine wheel. VI. 4 BENJAMIN HEWES (John), bora in Lynnfield, Mass., 3 Sept., 1780; died in New York; married, as "of Bos- ton," to Susanna Kingman " of Boston," 25 April, 1804- (8 July, 1804, Boston records). She was bora in Hingham (Family record) ; died 20 July, 1837 (Lynnfield records). Child, born at Lynnfield: 10+ Benjamin, " of Benj. & Susan," born 25 April, 180". VI. 6 JAMES HEWES (John), born in Lynnfield, 13 Jan., 1785; died in Cincinnati, Ohio, 17 Feb., 1858 (g. s. at Lynnfield). He married 25 Nov., 1813, Eliza Hawkes 5 of Lynnfield, born there 20 Dec, 1792, died 23 June, 1829. He married, second, 4- July, 18d0, Hannah (Taylor) Crosby, of Salem, born in Dracut, 14 July. 1802, .lied 26 Sept., 1817. oThe genealogical records of this family nre chiefly taken from a Bible record In the Hone family. John Hawkes of Lynnfield died :$ May, 1811; born In Lynnfield n July, I754j married 8 Jan., 1777, Rachel Bancroft of Dunstable, born there 18 April, I7. f >8, died l April, 1814. These are prob- ably the parents of Eltaa (Hawkes) Hewes as u.eir record appears In the ■line Bible record. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 151 Children, probably all born in Lynnfield: 11 Eliza Jane, born 27 Feb., 1815 ; died in Lynnfield 7 Jan., 1864 (g. s.). She married at Saugus 27 Dec., 1838, (int. 29 Nov., 1838) George Spinney, who became in- sane. Mrs. Spinney was for some years a resident of Cincinnati, and joined the Roman Catholic church. 12+ John, born 25 March, 1817; died in Cincinnati, 17 Feb., 1852. He was in business there for many years. 13+ Narcissa, born 26 July, 1819; died in Saugus, 25 May, 1883; married Philip P. Hone at Saugus 10 Oct., 1839. 14+ James, born 13 Nov., 1821. 15 Lydia Hawes, born 2 May, 1824; died in Saugus 3 Jan., 1855 ; married [ ] Kidder, of Saugus. One child, a daughter, who died in the Danvers Insane Hospital. 16 Albert Galitan, born 13 Dec, 1827; died 14 April, 1832. By second marriage: 17+ Orrin, born 4 March, 1823; died in Lynn, 1904. 18 Harriet Victoria, born 29 Jan., 1839 ; died 22 May, 1840. 19+ Albert Galitan, born 22 Nov., 1840. 20 William Wirt, born 21 Feb., 1842 ; died in infancy. VI. 7 JOEL HEWES (John), born in Lynnfield, 30 Dec, 1786; died 18 Dec, 1827 (Family record). He married 3 April, 1808, Ruthe (Ruthey, Lynn records), daughter of Joseph and Mary (Smith) Tapley, born Lynnfield, 1 April, 1791. She re- married 19 April, 1829, Oliver Swain, 7 and died 13 Sept., 1851. Children: 21+ Sophia, born 19 Aug., 1809; died 20 Nov., 1858. Married 12 April, 1829, 6 Jeremiah Coney. 22+ Joel, born at Lynn, 12 Aug., 1810, 6 (Lynn records) ; died 1 April, 1875 ; married Sarah Marsh. 23+ Aaron Tapley, born 30 July, 1812; died 25 Jan., 1861; married 21 April, 1835, 6 Louisa Smith. « Lynnfield town and church records. 7 Oliver Swain was of the Reading family of that name, distinguished for several generations of physicians. His sister Betsey was the mother of Ebenezer T. Abbott. The Lynnfield records note the death of Mary, wife of Oliver Swain, 30 Nov., 1823. Mr. Swain died in Reading. By his first wife he had Oliver and Clarissa who lived at home, Howard who was of Gloucester, Benjamin, a graduate of Brown Univ., and Caroline who married and settled in the West. 152 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 24+ Mary Ann, born 17 April, 1814 ; 6 died 2 June, 1897 ; mar- ried (intention 20 May, 1832) Benjamin Cox, Jr. 25+ Ruthe, born 16 May, 1816 ; 6 died 23 Jan., 1909; married 19 Feb., 1835, Ebenezer T. Abbott of Reading. 26+ Charles Wesley, born 7 April, 1818, 6 died 28 Dec, 1882; married Rosa M. Grafton. 27 Caleb, born 9 Dec., 1819 ; 6 died 31 Oct. (1 Nov., 1822). 6 28+ David, born 16 May, 1882. 6 Of California. 29+ Lucy Ann, born 24 (21 Dec, Lynnfield records) Dec, 1824 ; ° married George C. Richards. 30 Caleb, born 9 Oct., 1826; 6 died 5 Feb., 1827 . 6 Col. Joel Hewes obtained his title from service in the militia. He was a member of the fourth regiment, first brigade, second division, to which Lynnfield furnished one company. He was commissioned ensign 23 May, 1814, of the company commanded by Capt. Samuel Skinner. He was promoted to be Lieutenant 4 April, 1815; and to be Captain, succeeding Capt. Matthew Cox, 17 Nov., 1815. The regiment was commanded by Lieutenant- colonel-commandant Samuel Brimblecom, a well-known shoe manu- facturer in Lynn, and from 1809 to 1815 had as its Adjutant Bowman Viles of Lynnfield. Capt. Joel Hewes was promoted to be Lieutenant-colonel 28 Jan., 1819, and held this office until honorably discharged from the service 23 Feb., 1820. During this period Matthew Cox was Colonel (Archives, Adj. -general's Dept., Mass.). In 1814 the militia was called upon to defend the country from invasion. Companies from various Essex county towns were on duty at Salem, but it does not appear from the State archives that either Lynn or Lynnfield were called upon to furnish men. It is evident, however, from traditions in more than one Lynnfield family that the Lynnfield company was expecting the call to arms, and it is quite probable that more than once the company was paraded in readiness for acuta] service." With the exception of a slight skirmish or two with boat parties from British war vessels, who were seeking water or information, no actual hos- tilitiea t<«"k place (in land along this portion of our coast. Col. lb w.s was a tall man, of commanding presence and sol- • Lynnfield town and church records. »Mr. David Hewes remembers Bedng ■■< letter dated at Salem during this period, written by his father to his win- and containing an allusion to mat- ters connected with book military event there. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 153 'dierly appearance. He was respected and popular and is said to have been an excellent public speaker, and to have dominated meetings in which he took part. His energetic disposition caused him to be constantly and actively engaged in some affair of public interest or private business. In his home work on the farm he was ably seconded by his wife, a woman of energy and ability equal to his own. It was his custom to take the produce of his farm at the " Three Corners " to Salem market. By leaving at two, he was able to reach home by ten in the same morning. He began farming in Lynnfield about 1812. His father-in- law, Joseph Tapley, whose home was at the Three Corners, died 11 March, 1820, and on the 19 August of that year Jesse Tapley, gentleman, and Joseph Tapley, yeoman, both of Lynnfield, in con- sideration of $422.67 grant to Daniel Hart, yeoman, Joel Hewes, gentleman, Samuel Wiley, yeoman, all of Lynnfield, Joseph Hart of Salem, laborer, Benjamin Buxton of Reading, innholder, Clarissa Tapley, singlewoman, of Reading, and Ephraim Aver- hill of Londonderry, N. H., yeoman, 30 acres in Lynnfield, on the north side of the road, bounded south on the road, west partly by land of Jesse Tapley and partly by land of Joseph Tapley, north on Daniel King and others, and east on Oliver Emerson (Essex Deeds, 225:175). On the 14s June, the following year, all of these parties unite in conveying the same premises to Joel Hewes of Lynnfield, gentleman, in consideration of $460 (Ibid, 227:179). This was his home until his death, and remained in the family until 1892. In the meantime, in 1837-8, the orig- inal house had been destroyed by fire. This house stood on the site of the present substantial farmhouse which replaced it, and nearly opposite the house built in 1740, and in which Joseph Tap- ley lived from 1781, the date of his settlement in Lynnfield. Lynnfield was a part of the town of Lynn until 28 Feb., 1814. Prior to that the territory was called Lynn End or Lynn Farms. The first grant to any individual of land within the present limits of Lynnfield was in 1635, when 500 acres were granted to John Humphrey, one of the most important of the early settlers of Massachusetts. Although he never occupied the grant, it was confirmed to his heirs after his death in 1661. In 1637, Lynn was granted six miles into the country, and this grant covered the territory now Lynnfield. The boundary line between Lynn 154- DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES and Salem met at Humphrey's Pond. Salem was until quite re- cently the market town of the Lynnfield people. The church at Reading was more convenient to the dwellers in Lynn End than the Lynn church, which led to their attending services there in preference to Lynn. Eventually, their numbers justifying it, Lynn End was erected into a separate precinct, known as the second parish in Lynn. This was 17 Nov., 1712, and three years later a meeting house was erected. On the 3 July, 1782, the parish was established as a District. The township lies on a plateau, well up from ocean level, and enjoys an enviable reputation arising from the character of its population, which is not large, and its healthy situation. The soil affords good farms, and much of the town is still well wooded. Although but twelve miles from the State House in Boston, the town to-day pre- serves the delightful simplicity which was so noted a feature of the older prosperous New England towns of a century ago. Prior to his settlement as a fanner in Lynnfield, Joel Hewes had resided in Lynn, and there, in May, 1810, he became a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, having " experienced re- ligion " under the ministry of Rev. Mr. Stevens. Lynn was the site of the first Methodist Meeting House in Massachusetts, one having been erected there in consequence of the work done in that place by Rev. Jesse Lee in 1791. Methodism in New England dates from 1772, when Richard Boardman came from Philadel- phia as a missionary and formed a church in Boston, the mem- bers of which became scattered during the Revolution. In 1784, Rev. William Black, on his way to Baltimore from Nova Scotia, preached in Boston, first in private houses and halls, later in the Sandemanian Chapel to huge congregations, and finally deliver- ing his farewell sermon from the pulpit of the New North Church. He reported to Bishop Ashbury upon the promising field open to his or others' endeavors to establish Methodism in Boston, but this report failed to reach the Bishop. Four years later Lee was ap- pointed by the New York Conference as a missionary to New England and readied Boston in -Inly. 175)0, where he preached on the Common. His first successful effort t«> form a Society was at Lynn, where two of the deacons and nearly half of the old First Church Beceded to form a Methodist church. In 1K00 the first regular New England Methodist Confer, nee was held at Lynn. ,j, M I Hewes invited Methodist clergymen to hold services at his y ""■ ^;-'./ ' J [< / /// C // < ■( <>r,i .- c // J i < t /'. / ' Q4, ■.,)// / ■■ ' ■ ■ / 4 ) % | < yn 'Jftjiiii t, ^Crcoc^J J*<4 i/SO. fdJS. A-tt /Ac y& '<■ /<>**< fay /l*/.y/6 < y /'s.Sy'^. ., yr> / J J& P C/l^f &C/ the Academy at West Reading and Lucy to the Charlestown Female Seminary, where she er,- ;l du- ated. " ller Christian devotion, however, was the ruling passion of h.r life, as can be seen from the extracts of letters sent to her DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 157 absent son, David. She never forgot to send a letter by every mail, though the letter postage then was forty and sixty cents for a single letter to California. Her other children were near her. " ' A contented mind is worth more than all the world. What matters it, if we leave one dollar or a million dollars behind us, if we have no interest in Heaven.' ' My son, live at the foot of the Cross. You need daily grace, like the daily manna of the children of Israel in the wilderness ; it is to be daily sought and daily used. I said to Joel the other day: If myself and all my family were as faithful in serving the Lord, as we are in serving the world, what a family we should be.' ' Do not feel too anxious to get rich, for fear that wealth may prove a clog in your way.' " Grand words these of a grander character. One of the fam- ily, Mrs. Rosa Grafton Hewes, writes this tribute : ' My hus- band's mother had a strong mind and will power, which enabled her to overcome all difficulties. She had a kind, loving heart and excellent judgment, always ready to lend a helping hand in sick- ness and to aid by her counsel and superior judgment. She loved her children. They were very dear to her. If at any time re- proof was necessary, she did it so gently and lovingly that they would at once yield. She loved her Bible. It was her joy and comfort. Whenever sorrow and affliction came to her she took it to the throne of grace and we always knew by the brightness of her countenance that she had been holding sweet communion with her ' Heavenly Father.' " Her son David had her life sized portrait painted after her death from an excellent miniature, with the open Bible in her lap, and this characteristic picture hangs by the side of her son in the Anna Lathrop Memorial Room in the Museum of Stanford University." In the fall of 1892 when Mr. David Hewes was visiting Lynn- field, he became deeply interested in the subject of placing in a way of permanent preservation the Tapley house and tomb at the Three Corners. He was at this time visiting at the Joel Hewes, Jr., house, erected on the site of the old house destroyed by fire in 1837-8. 10 He perceived that a liberal expenditure of money upon the buildings then on the place but not in very good 10 From the description of this house it was evidently of the type built after 1720, and like others still standing in the vicinity, but entirely unlike the "Tapley House." 158 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES repair, would result in placing the house in condition to stand for many years. These improvements on the Hewes property were entirely at his own expense, although in the expense of re- storing the tomb and Tapley house, he was joined by Messrs. George Tapley and Ex-mayor Hart of Boston. When these im- provements were completed a great amount of work had been done, including grading of roads, building of stone walls and drains, and replacing woodwork and shingling about the buildings. BE IT REMEMBERED THAT I, Joel Hewes of Lynnfield in the County of Essex and Common- wealth of Massachusetts, Gentleman, being weak in body, but of sound and peaceful mind and memory, with gratitude to our Heav- enly Father for the same, do make and publish this my last will and testament as follows, viz. Imprimus I direct that all my just debts and funeral expenses be paid out of my estate in a reasonable time after my decease. Item I give and bequeath to my affectionate wife, Ruthe Hewes, after the payment of my just debts, as aforesaid, all my personal estate of whatever name or nature, and the use and improvement of all my Real Estate so long as she remains my widow, she my said Avife to sup- port and educate my children during their minority. Item I direct after the decease of my said wife, or in case of her marry- ing again, that all my Real Estate be equally divided among my eight children, viz., Joel Hewes, Aaron Hewes. Charles Hewes, David Hewes, Sophia Hewes, Mary Ann Hewes, Ruthie Hewes, and Lucy Ann Hewes, or their legal representatives, and in the event of my said wife being now pregnant with child and said child should be born alive, I direct that it be maintained and educated by my said wife as is before provided for my other children and that such child or its legal representative have an equal share with them my said children in my said real estate. Lastly, I appoint my said wife Ruthe Hewes sole executrix of this my last will and testament; hereby revoking all former wills by me made. In witness whereof I have set my hand and seal the sixteenth day of May in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and twenty-six. Signed^ Sealed, published and delivered by the above named Joel Hewefl to he his last will and tesl'iinent in the presenre of us, who at DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 159 his request and in his presence have hereunto subscribed our names as witnesses to the same. Joel Hewes Benj. Wiley, Lydia Whittredge, Asa L. Newhall Inventory and appraisement of the Estate of Joel Hewes late of Lynnfield in said county, gentleman, deceased, testate, as shown to us by the Executrix. REAL ESTATE. Buildings, field and orchard 6 acres $1000- New field, pasture and meadows 30 acres — 540 Pete Meadows 8 acres — 160 $1700.00 PERSONAL ESTATE One horse 28 dols, five cows 90 dols, 1 yearling 6 dols $124. A lot of hay on East Scaffold 20 dols, on the west 8 " 28. Two swine $10.50, farm wagon & harness $35 dols 45.50 one light wagon and harness 50. one sleigh and harness $10.50, one saddle $2 12.50 one plough $3, one set traces & fellers 2.50 5.50 a grindstone 1.50, one wheel barrow $2 3.50 two oxes with an iron bow, 1 dol. scythes 1.50 2.50 a set of pete tools 1.50 cts, a lot of rakes 40 cts 1.90 a lot of lumber 75 cts, a lot of sole leather 5 dols 5.75 Best bed & bedding No 1 25 dols, do No 2 18 dols 43.00 do No 3, 12 dols, do No 4 10 dols; do No 5 8 dols 30. two separate bedsteads & bedding 2 dols 2. five bed quilts 15 dols, 11 bed blankets 16.50 31.50 floor carpets 4.50 cts, 6^ pairs of sheets 7.80 cts 12.30 8| pairs of sheets No 2 6.80 cts, 6.80 8 pairs pillow slips 2 dols, 6 tablecloths 4 dols 6. 18 towels No 1 3 dols, | doz do No 2, 1.40 cts 4.40 2 window curtains 2.52 cts 2.50 wearing apparel, suit No 1 18 dols, do No 2 5 dol.« 13. other wearing apparel 12 dols, boots & shoes 2 dols 14. a trunk 2 dols, an easy chair 3 dols, cradle 2 dols 7. one chest No 1, 1.50 cts, do No 2 1 dol, do No 3 50 cts 3. 2 umbrellas 1.50 cts, a buffalo skin 1.50 cts 3. 4 lbs of wool rolls 2 dols, 2 spinning wheels 50 cts 2.50 30 lbs of rosin 75 cts, a lot of casks 3.50 cts 4.25 1 bar of vinegar 3 dols, half bar of soap 2 dols 5. a lot of tubs and wooden ware 5 dols 5. a lot of baskets 1.50 cts, a seat and tools 2 dols 3.50 160 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES a lot of carpenter's tools 2.50 cts 2.50 a lot of iron ware 6 dols, 2 pine sets 3 dols 9. a lot of brass ware 6 dols, a lot of putr ware 2.50 ets 8.50 a lot of tin ware 10 dols, a lot of stone ware & earthen ware 3 dols 13. 25 lbs of butter 3.75 cts, a pin 50 cts 4.25 550 lbs of salt pork 44 dols, 20 bushels corn 12 dols 56. 50 bush of potatoes 10 dols, 12 do of barley 7-20 17-20 half bush of grass seed 1 dol, 60 lbs hogs lard 6 dols 7. 1 desk 15 dols, 1 clock 8 dol, 2 tables 10 dols 33. A light stand 1 dol, 1 desk & a lot of tables 2 dols 3.80 2 setts knives & forks 1 dol, 2nd lot do 1 dol 2. a lot of Japan ware 2 dol, a set china ware 1.50 cts 3.50 a set of crockery ware 2 dol, 2nd do 4.50 cts 6.50 2 large silver spoons 2 dols, set silver teaspoons $3.00 5. a set block tin spoons 1.25 cts, a teapot and candle stick 2.00 3.25 3 looking glasses 6 dols, 1 case & bottles, 1 dol 7. a lot of glass ware 2.50 cts, 6 bush of rye 4.50 cts 7- 9 meal bags 4.50 cts, 70 lbs of cheese 3.50 cts 8. a lot of shoe lasts 2 dols, a lot of iron 1.50 cts 21.50 A set of draws 50 cts, a lot of books 5 dols 5.50 3 bush of beans 5 dols, lot of shoe thread 2 dols 4 table cloths 7.80 $732.12 Brought forward Amount of Real Estate $1700- Amount of personal 732.12 "$2432.12 Dated at Lynnfield this 27 day of February. A. D. 1828. Benj. Wiley, Jesse Tapley, Oliver Emerson, Committee. Hi-niK Hkui>. Kx< •cntrix VI. 8 ('APT. ELIJAH HEWES {John), born 20 Aug., ITS'); died at Lynnfield 9 Nov., 18«7, aged 88; married 30 May 1818 '- Rebecca Bbown, daughter of James and Lydia (Nichols) Brown, born at Lynnfield, 17 Sept., 1789; died there 87 dune, 1814,'- aged £5 (Church record). He married, Becond, 1:5 July, 1815, Elizabeth Beown of Danvers, born in Lynnfield, 80 Sept., 1794; died in So. Lyndeboro '.» Aug., 1871, aged 76-10-9. 1 1 The estate wu Indebted 1164. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 161 Elijah Hewes was commissioned ensign 10 Jan., 1820, lieu- tenant 12 July, 1820, and captain 12 April, 1821, in the 4th Regiment, 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, Massachusetts Militia. lie lived on the farm had of his father, which he enlarged. Children, all but John born in Lynnfield: 13 31 Elijah, bora 20 March, 1814 (born 13 March 12 ) ; married at South Reading, 16 May, 1837, Matilda G. Goodnow. 32 John, born 1 June, 1816, in Danvers ; died 17 July, 1816. 12 33 Jonathan Brown, born 2 June, 1817; died 6 April, 1818. 12 34 Rebecca Brown, born 26 May, 1819 ; died 23 Sept., 1824. 12 35 Elizabeth Ann, born 27 Nov., 1820; 12 married 4 July, 1841, William W. Nichols of Chelsea. 36+ George Warren, born 25 Oct., 1822 ; 12 married Sophia Swett ; he married, second, Lavina Swett. 37+ Rebecca Brown, born 15 Dec, 1824 ; 12 married William W. Young. VI. 9 JOSHUA HEWES (John), of Lynnfield, born there 31 May, 1782; died there 21 June, 1860; married 3 Nov., 1818, Jedidah, daughter of Matthew and Mary (Ogden) Hunt of Salem, born in Abington 24 Aug., 1798, died in Lynnfield 26 Oct., 1876. Joshua Hewes was a farmer and shoe manufacturer. From 1837 to 1840 and in 1842 he was town clerk of Lynnfield, and from 1842 to 1859 town treasurer. He was selectman 1832, 1837 to 1840 inclusive, and in 1842; and in 1835 and 1843 rep- resentative to the General Court. Children : 38 Joshua, born 16 Sept., 1819; died in San Francisco, Calif., suddenly, 24 June, 1881. He went to California with his brother Daniel, and for many years they engaged in mining near Georgetown. Joshua afterward went to more northern districts and thence to Australia, where he was for four or five years. Coming back to San Fran- cisco he found his brother Daniel in the employ of their cousin Mr. David Hewes, and after a brief visit home i 2 Lynnfield records, is Family records. 162 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES during which time he made some additions to the home- stead and some provision for his mother, he became in- terested as silent partner in a mercantile business con- ducted by a former associate of his mining days, Phil. Weaver. He was never married. 39 Daniel, born 5 July, 1821 ; died in San Francisco, suddenly, 22 Nov., 1879. He was engaged in mining with his brother but after leaving the mines he went to San Fran- cisco, where he was employed by David Hewes. After Mr. Hewes' removal to Oakland, he obtained an appoint- ment for Daniel in the city service. For a brief period he was engaged in the lumber trade in Mexico or the northwestern coast of South America. He never married. 40+ Matthew S., born 6 March, 1823; died in Salem, 13 April, 1905. 41 Harriet Elizabeth, born 24 Sept., 1825; died 29 Feb., 1832. 42 Joseph Franki.ix, born 4 Nov., 1827; died in Duluth, 10 Jan., 19(H). He married in Sept., 1872, Sarah Gould of Lynn, who died in Duluth. Joseph was for a time in California, but finally settled in Duluth. 43 I Jakrikt Euzabeth, born 21 Feb., 1833 ; died 2 Jan., 1837. 44 Winslow, born 7 Sept., 1831 : died 30 Sept., 1839. 45+ Mary Cleveland, born 31 May, 1835; married William L. Peabody. VIII. 10 BENJAMIN HEWES (Benjamin, John), born 25 April, 1804; died of dropsy, 2 Feb., 1846, at Lynnfield. He married in Danvers, 15 Nov., 1831, Mary Gould, who married second :}() May, 1847, Edward Burditt of North Reading, who also had been married before. Benjamin Hewes was a shoemaker and lived in a little house op- posite the Everett Wilson cottage on Larrabee or "Leatherby" Hill. Alter liis death the children were placed in various families, Richard and Abigail being placed with .loshua Hewes. The dates of marriage, death and births in this record are from Lynnfield Vital Records. ( hi I dn n : 1(1 Moses Warren, horn L6 Jan., L888. He married a lady from Nova Scotia. _x DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 163 47 Susan Maria, born 12 July, 1833; married Henry Clay, of Reading, who carried on the Nathaniel Carter and Aborn places, and formerly owned what is now the Phillips place. Henry Clay died at North Reading. 48 Edwin Low, born at North Reading, 25 June, 1834. Never married. It is thought he died in Reading. 49 Abigail, born at North Reading, 16 Aug., 1835. 50+ Richard Hayward, born 25 Sept., 1836. 51 Rufus Kingman, born 7 April, 1838; died unmarried in Wakefield in 1908 or 1909. 52 Julia Frances, born 7 March, died 13 June, 1840. 53 Nancy Emma, born 29 Aug., 1841 ; married Charles Pratt of Reading. 54 Frances Ellen, born 23 April, 1843; married and lived in Reading. VII. 12 JOHN HEWES (James, John), born in Lynnfield, Mass., 25 March, 1817 ; died in Cincinnati. He was twice mar- ried, his first wife being a native of Nice, France ; his second wife of Irish ancestry. Mr. Hewes was in the retail shoe business under the firm name of Hewes & McCann, doing business on the site of the present Federal building in Cincinnati. He served a short time in the Union army. He was a man of large stature, handsome and of courtly manners and a great lover of books. Children, by -first wife: 55 John Henry, of New York. He received education at Phillips Andover Academy, and graduated at Yale in 1870. His daughter, Mida Hewes, is a resident of An- dover, Mass. 56 Molly, died about 1900, s. p.; married Arthur Needham of West Peabody. VII. 13 NARCISSA HEWES (James, John), born in Lynnfield, 26 July, 1819 ; died in Saugus, 25 May, 1883 ; married 10 Oct., 1839, Phillip P. Hone of Saugus, who was born there, 1 July, 1815, and died there, 16 March, 1883. Mr. Hone was a farmer, and it is said at his death left an estate of $75,000 accu- mulated from farming and home investments. He was a very active man and a well known local character. His wife was a 164 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES most energetic woman, and during her early married life would sit up nights, after the daily routine was finished, in order to bind shoes. She suffered greatly during her later years from rheumatism, and is recalled by those who knew her as a person " of beautiful character." Children, 14 born in Saugus: 57 Edward P. Hone, born 12 Nov., 1840; died 25 Jan., 1842. 58 Byron S. Hone, born 30 April, 1843; married 16 July, 1886, Sarah E. Day of Woburn, born there 3 April, 1848. He has inherited the business ability of his parents ; lives in North Saugus. Children, born at Saugus: Eva Nar- cissa Hone, born 14 March, 1887 ; married 4 June, 1909, C. Walter Collins of Harrington, Del., employed as an entomologist by the United States and stationed at Mel- rose Highlands. Ella Hone, born 27 April, 1889. Alice Hone, born 24 July, 1892. 59 Winseow P. Hone, born 25 Dec, 1846 ; died 28 Aug., 1848. 60 Rachel B. Hone, born 15 Feb., 1850 ; died 16 April, 1854. VII. 14 JAMES HEWES (James, John), of Lynnfield, born in Lynnfield Centre, 13 Nov., 1821 ; died in Lynnfield, 20 Aug., 1875, and was buried at the Centre. He married 20 Aug., 1846, Sarah Jane Viles, daughter of Bowman and Sally (Twiss) Viles, who was born in Lynnfield, 3 Aug., 1826. Children, born in Lynnfield: 61 John IIawkes, born 22 March, 1847. He is inspector of Customs in Boston, but lives at Lynnfield Center. He was educated at Phillips Andovcr Academy. Mar- ried 5 Nov., 1873, Alice A. Bryant, daughter of Jona- than Bryant of Lynnfield. She died 4 Feb., 1892, aged 45 years. No children. 62 EixaFeances, born 4 April. 185»; died 28 Feb., 1863. 6:5 Saeah Isabel, born 18 April. 1864; died 29 June, 1898; unmarried. She graduated from the Salem Normal School. For many years she Buffered in the same man- ner as her aunt NaTClSSa, and like her possessed great will power. c>l James Aethue, burn (> Nov., 1859. i* From record In Hour family Bible. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 165 65 Winsi.ow Bancroft, born 10 and died 27 July, 1856. 66 Mary Frances, born 12 Aug., 1869. She married 11 Nov., 1891 at Lynnfield, Arthur Upton of Peabody, son of David Gardner and Hannah Ellen (Eaton) Upton. They live in Salem, but spend the summer at Lynnficld, where they own the old Lynnfield Hotel site and have de- veloped that section for summer residences. Mr. Up- ton was born in West Peabody 22 Dec, 1867. Children, born in Salem : David Gardner Upton, born 5 July, 1898. Paul Hewes Upton, born 6 Oct., 1901. Lucia Upton, born 31 May, 1905. James Hewes was about five feet, ten inches in height, and of " sandy " complexion. He was a quick, wiry, nervous man. For several years he was a shoe manufacturer in Lynnfield, shipping part of his product to his brother in Cincinnati. In 1849 he went to California, but came back the following year, having been absent eleven months. Reticent by nature, he said very little of his California experiences, except when questioned. He claimed that he had done about as well financially as though he had re- mained at home in business, having brought back $1500 in gold. He was fond of humor and remarkably even-tempered ; it is said that he was never seen angry but once, when a cow kicked over a milk pail. After his retirement from manufacturing he bought and sold wood lots, marketing the wood, and managed a small farm. He held many offices of trust. In 1858-9 he was a member of the Constitutional Convention. In 1868 he repre- sented the town in the General Court, and was upon the Com- mittee of Fisheries, being much interested in the preservation of the river fish threatened with extinction by the saw mills. He was sometimes visited by a Mr. (W. O. ?) Blany of Peabody who had been of the party with which he traveled to California. Mr. Hewes was in the shoe business in Lynnfield at the time of the gold excitement in California, but being at that time in poor health joined the Essex Mining and Trading Company at Salem 15 is The departure of the Essex Mining and Trading Company created con- siderable interest in the county. During the year several letters were printed in the Salem Gazette and Register from members of the party. On the 19 April, 1849, the Salem Gazette printed the following news item: "The Com- pany of Californians of which Captain William C. Waters is president ar- rived safely from Corpus Christi on the 24th ult., having left Boston March 1, in the schooner John W. Herbert. Letters from most of the members were received on Tuesday per steamer Fanny at New Orleans, after the 166 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES for the purpose of proceeding to California, believing the journey ■would benefit him. He kept a diary of the events of the journey from March, 1849, until arrival in Sacramento. The daily record extends from April 16, when the party had reached a point in Texas, to arrival on the West Coast of Mexico. This record is printed now for the first time. The diary is in the possession of his son James Arthur Hewes of Melrose. On a slip of paper enclosed in the diary occurs the following note: " Spoken. March 14 off Key West schooner John W. Herbert Lewis hence March (?) 1 for Corpus Christi with the Essex Mining and Trading Company of Salem. All well." Copy of a Diary kept by James Hewes of Lyxnfield, During 1849, ox a Trip to California. March 11, 1849. We passed some Islands off the Bahama Banks. Mercury at 80. The most beautiful day. Had divine service on board. Cox and Coplin drawn cook's mates this week. The water from 2 to 6 fathoms. Ran out of sight of four ships today. April 16, 1849 The norther done. Mr. Bowden taken sick & 6 o'clock took medicine 12 heard the doctor say he has got the cholera 4 in the morning Bowden died laid out under a Murget tree. April 17 Wrote to George Bermid. Mr. Parker [and] I went to town to get coffin Parker's horse died. One of the negros died Went to town to get corn. Bought some mules. Parker was sick 20 hours. 4 of the company sick. April 18. Went and bathed in the Rio Grand Mr. Jones taken sick. One mule died. Sent the loafing Mexicans out of the camp. .Mr. Prince wishes to return home. The sexton's bill for two was 47.25. The doctor's bill 8 dollars. Crossed the Rio Grand. Jones died. April 19. Left Laredo. Encamped 9 miles out. William Cox, Prince and Walton taken sick. Went out this morning after my baggagi which Flenry left on the hill. Got coflVc and tortillas for breakfast. Heard the Comanchies wen- near. April 20 Cox, Walton and Prince taken sick. Cox taken at one a. m. in the morning; sweat him at 8 o'clock, thought he was better; began to grow worse, soon after died at 12. We dug his grave and Company were landed flic J. \V. Herbert was wrecked on Aransa bar on the Wth ult. on the passage to Galveston." Notice <>r the death of Hoyden and Parker, mentioned In the diary, was received June LI, ihio. The an- nouncemenl <>t' the arrival of the Company In California was made in the Salem papen 18 ()<•(., 1840. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 167 buried him at 4. Put up a monument with name and month and year. 16 April 23 Dresser, one of our strongest men, taken sick 9 o'clock. Took the things out of the wagon to put him and Taylor in at noon stopt and had a piece of bread. At 8 we reached the river (Salvia?) at the same time Dresser died Robinson taken sick and Newhall not well. The whole company tired out, having traveled 35 miles. 10 o'clock made our bed under a tree. April 24 This morning is a gloomy morning. Newhall better. Buried Dresser. Forded the river at noon. Traveled 15 miles. Left one of the mules. Made our bed in the chaparell. Robinson died at 11 o'clock. We shall miss him very much. He being our com- missary had no supper but a little tea and a spoonful of bread. April 25. This morning started early having no breakfast. Bur- ied Robinson. Fowler and Waters sick. Traveled 15 miles. En- camped without any dinner. Stopt by the Mexicans 9 miles from Lampasses. Sent to town for some bread. Gilispe taken sick he thinks we go round the town got 1 dollars worth bread. April 26. Had no breakfast until Newhall got some bread Paid three dollars for eighteen little loaves. The mountains are in sight about 2 miles distance. We want to get on the table land but can- not get bread to start with. 4 o'clock got 8 dols. worth of bread. Had a shower. Had some bread and meat for supper. April 27. Is a beautiful morning. No new cases of the cholera. Got 10 dollars worth of bread. Started at 11 o'clock and traveled 8 miles through the chaperall to go round Lampass. Traveled 16 miles. Had our bread and shugar lowance out. Lost one of our mules. A Cavalyard of mustang horses passed us here saw corn in the silk grown by Irrigation. April 28. Left the camp 8 o'clock. Habe sick. Passed along the edge of the mountains 12 miles and stpt at noon. In the after- noon travelled 10 miles. Habe better. David had a turn of the cholera. The country appears a little better. Gilispe our guide lost his way. Hindered us 1/2 hour. Saw no ranch this day. Got 10 dollars worth bread. Taylor died. April 29. Travelled 18 miles. Stpt at a ranch surrounded by a grove of fig trees with a cocoa nut tree in front. The figs are as large as a walnut. I am now sitting under a beautiful grove of fig trees. The ranch is built like a castle of sundried brick. Trav- eled 18, encamped on a beautiful stream with a heavy can brake. The weather [ ] . 18 This was William Emerson Cox. His remains were brought to Lynn- field and interred in Lynnfield cemetery. 168 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES April 30 started at 8. Traveled 10 miles. Came to the best ranch I have seen at noon, and a stream and stpt. The country a barren gravel, except the valley watered by irrigation. Traveled 10 miles. Encamped. The country barren. Very tired, stood no watch. May 1 Travelled 12 miles, saw cotton and wheat, cotton wood and sycamore on a beautiful ranch. Passed a company from Alabama for California. Came to Mon Colva at 10 o'clock. I am now sit- ting in the Almada under a grove of Cotton trees. Mr. Brooks resigned. McCley chosen director Semoretas. May 2 Bought some milk and eggs for breakfast. David Huntoon not well, took colomel and jalep had an tuck on Adobe houses Cane fence. Multeers afraid of Indians. South Carolina negro in camp. Slept in the Alameda. Poultry and eggs plenty, in camp. Corn 50 cents bush. May 3 Is a beautiful day. Bought hay for 8 cents a bundle. Haughton and myself went to see the town, the Plaza, the church, stores, trees, etc. Shall have my horse shod, the forefeet for 2 dol- lars. Went to the celebration Auction Senoretas Fandango. Palm fruit not good to eat horses. May 4. The Mexicans a set of thieves took in Mr Follet sold 2 razors. Cannot get multeers. Cannot sell William's things. Had an invitation to a Fandango. Ordered off the camp ground. Paid two bits for damage. Had a shower in these mountains. May 5. Hired a guide and servant the guide to find himself for five dollars a day. Bought 2 mules for 45 dollars and an old mule. Changed the water. Captain Waters made the Mexican take the wine back. Left Mon Cler at 4 o'clock. Travelled 9 miles. En- camped at a hacinda on the banks of a beautiful mountain stream. May 6. Is a beautiful morning. We shall stop at this camp until tomorrow and wait for the guide. This morning bathed in the cool stream. Saw a Mexican plough. Flet got mil and Mike chickens. Allen went into the mountains. Saw an appletree with fruit on it. May 7 Had some whey pudding. Chipman sick. We are afraid the guide will not come. Last night paid Mexican one dollar to catch a mule. Left the camp 9 miles from MonClora at 10 a. m. Travelled 8 miles. Mexicans accompany us. Passed a ranch, great many cattle. The distance to Mazattan 650: May 8 Is a beautiful day. Had a shower last night. The night was eery cool. Travelled 15 miles, Btopl al a well that Santa Anna had dag. We shall change our camp on account of Indians at noon. Encamped on the battle ground between tin- Mexican and Spanish armies. Passed the road made by Santa Anna. Stampede. Mail !) Left the camp at, H. Heard wolves. Saw a wildcat. Left DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 169 the mexican and his Boreca. Travelled 18 miles. Encamped at the end of the Back Bowe. Sent two Mexicans to a ranch 6 miles to get some bread and a sheep. Got no sheep, got a fenager or three bushels of corn. Travelled 9 miles to a tanke. Passed a company of Mexicans for California. May 10 Left the camp at 7 o'clock. Watered at the tanks, trav- elled 20 miles through a miserable country. Came to a hot spring with a hacinda near it, saw the first vineyard. Got two kids for dinner. I got 6 eggs. Went and bathed with Allen and David in the water. Indians here yesterday. May 11 20 miles. Got up at 5 o'clock. Fed the horses and had tortiers and boiled eggs for breakfast. My horse is swelled very bad across the kidneys. Encamped at noon at a mineral spring, the water was very bad. Passed a most miserable road. Passed a ranch with a large mule train. Camped without water or grass. Wolves. May 12 Started at 6 in the morning without any breakfast, trav- elled over a very mountainous country. Heard wolves. Travelled until 2 p. M. Camped at a hacinda. Upset the wagon this day Newall and myself went to the ranch. Got some tortiers and eggs for twelve cents. Travelled 10 miles camped at ranch. May 13 This day we had some breakfast. Shaved for the first time since we left Corpus Christi. McCloy barber. Today a Senor- ita brought some tortiers to camp. Had eight chickens for din- ner. Bought a marini, that is a pig, weighing 40 for 2.50 There is a shower coming up on the mountains. Did not travel this day. May 14. 25 (miles) Left camp at 7 a. m. Went to the hacinda. Bought two pounds sugar for 12 1/2 cents. Saw the Mexicans shell- ing corn on a wheel made of cobs. Crossed a deep ravine, the water very bitter and (mineral got Corned at noon) Camped at the Ra- vine, had some good coffee. In the afternoon we had a shower. Have travelled over a barren country, good road. May 15 40 (miles) This morning the horn blowed at 4 o'clock. Hewhall made some chocolate. We heard some wolves round the camp, in the night. Three of our company sick in the night. Trav- elled 12 miles. Stpt at a cotton ranch. We saw 200 acres of cotton. The ranch was destroyed by the Texas rangers. Had no dinner Travelled 30 miles. Travelled 50 miles without water. May 16 25 (miles) Last night had no supper; kept no watch. This morning had some crumbs of bisquet and coffee. The Mex- icans brought some Augivevente. Travelled 25 miles. Our mule gave out. Got to St. Francisco at 5 p. m. Got wine for 20 cts 170 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES bottle. Some of the company went on to Parraz. Passed a large wheat field one mile square. May 17 Got up at half past three, went to Parras. It is a pleas- ant place. Its High Mass. The People are all promanade. We sold our wagon to the Rough and Ready Company from Boston for 80 dollars. We have hired a building for 37 cents a day Had as many figs as we wanted last night went to the Plaza, a plenty of Senoritas. Parras May 17, 1849. We arrived in Parras. The Piazza is sur- rounded by mountains and has vineyards, figs and all kinds of fruits. It has many fine buildings and squares and is watered by a fine mountain stream Wine is very plenty and cheap. To Parras in the evening to get bread. Fandango. May 18 This morning went to the market. Peppers and onions and garlic more than half of the produce. Beans and corn laid in heaps on the ground. A company leaves for California by Chiwana. The Boston company goes with them. In the afternoon I went out to the Boston company's camp. May 19. The church bells commenced ringing and are ringing now. Newhall traded horses, paid 8. Hired a guide. Newhall bought another mule (paid) 14. Went to the plaza in the evening, saw the illumination, rockets, etc. Three of another company came to camp. May 20 Bought two mules. Went to see the [ ] Company Grush resigned the commissary office. We had three of the Missis- sippi in camp. Bought three mules. Left Parras at five o'clock. Encamped three miles out. Newhall and Hunttoon went Friday the 25 of May. We had a hard days travel our animals having had nothing to eat for some days. In the morning Newhall, Huntoon and myself left the camp before the company and travelled 24 miles passing the Miss. Company at 1 1 a. m. We discovered a ranch on our left about a mile. We crossed to it and paid 12 cents for water- ing four horses, the company coming up while we were there. We got two tortiers and two bean cukees for 12 cents having had noth- ing but bread and water since the noon before. We then went on four miles, stopt two hours. Picked musquit beans for our animals, they being nearly famished for want of food. We then went on to Queen Comma where we arrived at five p. m.. having gone 34 miles the mercury Btanding at 98 in the shade. When we arrived at the ranch the ranehero claimed our mule, we thought he would not line her unless he was the strongest. When we had gone he sent to the owner of the ranch at. Queeil Comma thai we had the mule. As soon as we camped he came and claimed the mule. lie was told that we V £ DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 171 had bought the mule at Parriz and were not willing to give her up. The Alcade then sent for Capt Watters to come and see him about it. Watters understood it came from the pretended owner and took no notice of it. In the evening some of our men were in town and were told that there would be a file of soldiers sent to bring Watters before the Alcade. They told them it was no use he could not be taken out of the camp, and came into camp and told the company what was going on in town. There was some excitement. All thought he could not be taken from camp. Soon after two men came and requested Watters to call on the Alcade, which he did in com- pany with six of our men. He there met the owner of the mule with his witnesses which were examined as to the brand. They told him to produce his brand and if the mule was his he could have her and if not he could not. May 21 40 (miles) Left camp at 8. I waited for Newhall and Huntoon to come back from Parras. They brought bread and meat. They camped with the other Miss, company. We passed over a rough country cut up by ravines with hardly any way stations. Passed several crosses where Mexicans had been murdered. Had no dinner this day. Camp at a ranch. Cannot get thing to eat. May 22 20 (miles). This morning I saw a herd of deer drink- ing. Bathed last night. Left camp at 7 a. m. Travelled across level prairie covered with flags for about 20 miles. Stped at a came de la Parras. Chipman traded his horse for a mule, gave 3 dollars. Miss. Company camped near us. May 23 Left camp at 6 a. m. the Mississippi company going with us. Newhall, Huntoon and myself left the company behind at 8 A. M., travelled 22 miles, stopt at noon without water or grass, started at 2 1/2 p. m., travelled 20 miles, stopt at cattle ranch. Got some tortiers and had them and chocolate for supper. Company got in 3 hours after. May 24 This morning we felt tired as well as our cattle, having suffered for water yesterday. The water we get here is pumped up by mule power. Corn is 4 dollars fenager. Travelled 15 miles, came to a river, stopt to dinner. Our horses had no corn nor grass. In the afternoon travelled 10 miles, camped without water, had no supper. May 25 33 miles. Left camp at 5 A. M. travelled 24 miles, came to a ranch, got water but no grass nor corn. Left the ranch, went 4 miles, stopt; picked Musqwete [Mousquite] beans for our fam- ished animals. Got in to Queen Coma at 6 p. m. Two of our mules gave out; all of our animals nearly tired out. The Mexicans stole our bacon. 172 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES May 26 This morning the people brought in grass, 6 cents a bun- dle, corn 1.87 the fenager. In the afternoon one of our mules was taken from us by a Mexican -who said she was stolen from him. I washed a shirt in the river. Hired a Mexican to take our baggage to Durango. The scamp has backed out. This is a (Muserdie?) May 27 34 (miles) We expected to have travelled 15 miles this day, but could not get mules. At noon a party from Orleans came into camp. One of them saw Prince and Copland on the Rio Grande, both of them doing well, 15 miles from Davis Ranch. Left Queen Com at 5 p. M., travelled until 3 a. m. when 5 of Com and some more a short time after the Company went in to the (Bau — ?) May 28 16 (miles) We started at 7 a. m. to overtake the Com. travelled 8 miles, came up with the company at the ranch 14 leagues from Queen. Got some bread and milk for our brakfast, having had nothing to eat for nearly 24 hours, and having gone some 42 miles in the time. Left at 5, went 6 L. Camped at a ranch, went without supper. May 29 32 (miles) This morning the Miss. Company left here. We are in a good grassy country, if there was rain. Left camp at ten, travelled twelve. Stopt at Porjois, a miserable little town. Here we had dinner of fowls, eating nine for dinner. Left there at 6 p. M. travelled 20 miles Choro getting in at 11 p. M. The Doctor left us last night, came in this morning. May 30 15 (miles) This morning the Doctor came in, having been left behind last night. This morning Newhall found the pigs had been to his haversack and got his day book, and partly destroyed it. Left the camp at 12 M. Travelled 15 miles, stopt at a ranch Passed through a fine prairie country with thousands of horses. May 31 6 (miles). This morning we started at 7 a. m., trav- elled 6 miles. Got in to Durany at 10 a. m. stopt at a house, but did not like; moved to a fine place near the church. The Miss Com- pany stopt in the same yard. Bought 2 mules for 22 dollars. Hun- toon traded horses, paid 8 dollars. Good news from California. June 1. This morning went to two churches, one of them a splen- did church. We board ourselves while we are here. Sold 16 mules for 160 dollars. Fruit of all kinds ripe. Saw the volcano at a dis- tance. Senoritas very plenty. Went and heard the choir in the church. MeClnv's horse killed shoeing. June 2 This morning we have hired a muleteer to take us through to Mat /.at Inn for 1 .'i dollars in 11 days. We have ten cargoes. I have some polona making; it la made of parched corn ground with Sugar and spice. Changed my horse and paid 5 dollars to boot. Went to church in the evening. Singing. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 173 June 3 Had my horse shod; rode out of town in the morning. Had a fine dinner, fowles, fruit and winepudding and in the after- noon we went to the Bull fight. Paid 25 cents. There were seven fights, six bulls killed, one horse killed, two wounded. June 4 18 (miles) This morning is beautiful. The muleteer is here. Left Durango at 10 a. m. travelled 18 over a very mountain- ous country. We are in company with a government train loaded with silver bullion, 4000 to a mule. In all we number 100, some soldiers to guard the train Passed several crosses where the Mex- icans had been murdered. June 5 25 (miles) Left camp at 5, travelled three leagues over a rough path. Stopt at a ranch, got tortiers and corn Newhall and Huntoon stopt in Durango to get a horse shod. Manuel to guide them, he ran away with horse, saddle and bridle and they lost their way; got into camp five hours after the company Passed through the first pine forest we have seen. Camped in a beautiful valley. June 6 27 (miles) Left camp at 6. Travelled through a fine forest of pine and arbor vitae. Stpt at Checketo ranch. Got some tortillas. Passed over a very high mountain. Passed several trains of pack mules going to Durango with freight. Had no dinner. Camped in a valley surrounded by mountains. June 7 29 miles. This morning the mercury fell to 40. Left camp at 7, travelled through a fine valley. Brooks, Chipman, Grush, Dominoquile, and Huntoon went to Mazatlan to get a passage to California. Passed several crosses where murder had been com- mitted. Camped in a beautiful valley. Had a most romantic camp at an elevation of 10,000 feet. June 8 27 (miles) This morning left camp at 7« Travelled through a heavy pine forest for two hours, when we commenced descending the mountain, beating our horses all the way Saw three deer the first we have seen in these parts. Descended for four hours through a frightful path. Came to a Checo ranch. June 9 25 (miles) This morning started at 6, traveled over a rough country, came over some of the highest mountains often seeing the clouds below us, and passing down through several of them which gave us a chilly feeling, damping our clothes through, and forming some of the grandest scenery I ever saw. Camped in a valley surrounded by high mountains. June 10 15 (miles) This morning left camp late on account of one of the mules being stolen. Saw bananas, limes, lemons and all kinds of tropical fruit. Crossed a river 12 times. Saw a parrot and numberless other kinds of birds. Went to the Hot Springs. The water is scaldinghot and pleasant to drink. 174 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES June 11 20 (miles) This morning the Government train passed our camp before 5 a. m. Started at 5. Passed the backbone of the American continent. The water beginning to run west. Saw palm trees. Used mahogany to cook with last night. Saw a great many bananas. Saw a good looking senorita. She gave me a fine banana. She gave me an invitation to call estar notches. June 12 45 (miles) This morning Capt. Watters requested me to accompany him, Fowler and McGaffy to Mazatlan ahead of the train. Left camp early. Took two tortiers. Travelled the river road. Forded the river a great many times Travelled 45 miles, stopt at a Cheketo ranch. Had one tortiers for supper. June 13 45 (miles) This morning we started early without break- fast. Went a short distance, got some breakfast. Travelled 20 miles got some dinner. Took a nap. Left at twelve. Saw Cam- wood, Logwood, and Mahogany. At one p. M. we came in sight of the glorious Pacific. The Captain gave three cheers and declared money could not hire him to cross this country again. June 14. Went and bathed in the Pacific. A glorious bath. Our passage was engaged Tuesday for sixty dollars, to sail Friday in the schooner Greyhound. Sold our horses in fifteen minutes after we arrived. My horse brought 10 dollars. August 9 Left San Francisco in the schooner Joseph He wet for Sacramento City. Aug. 15 had 12 oz. and 19 p'ts (pennyweights) Assessments paid E. M. and T. E. March 28 $35 April 26 May 4 May 28 Paid out 17.50 20. 10 oz. Pwts Sept. 16. (The following probably is a 11 1/4 record of a daily gains at the " dig gings.") Oct 2 32 3 got 4 " 113.60 124 5 " 128.40 6 " 108.40 7 9 1.40 8 74.40 9 90.40 10 186. 11 60. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 175 oz. Pwts Oct. 12 74.40 13 S\ 52. 15 2-19 45.60 16 2 32. 17 4-10 72. 18 1-6 20.80 22 18£ 14.80 23 1-15 28. 24 1-14 27.20 25 2-l£ 33.60 Sep. 15 had 14 oz. gold on hand. 17 had 1 oz. 18£ Pwt. 30 had 8 oz. Sold 54^ hams 1 bbl. beef $10. 1 " pork 38. His son recalls his telling how on the voyage up the coast to San Francisco the vessel was becalmed and provisions gave out, and the company were reduced to a diet of dried bananas. The return from California was by way of the isthmus. Mr. J. A. Hewes also says that he has heard that either his father or grandfather was responsible for the founding of the first library in Lynnfield. It was the custom on election day, af- ter the new selectmen had been chosen, to treat all hands at Dea- con Parsons' bar, and Mr. Hewes suggested that the money so used be expended in buying a library for the town, which was done. VII. 17 ORRIN HEWES {James, John), born in Lynn- field, 4 March, 1833; died in Lynn 22 April, 1904; married at West Peabody 21 June, 1853, H. Elizabeth Brown, daughter of Joseph and Dorothy (Peabody) Brown. Mr. Hewes lived in Cin- cinnati from 1853 to 1866, after that in Lynn. He was in the Legislature in 1870, 1871 and 1872, the last year as senator. He was one of the most popular men in Lynn and was frequently elected to city office. Served as alderman, superintendent of highways and of the board of health. He was trustee of the Lynn Hospital. In politics he was a Democrat, by trade a shoe oper- ator; an able, upright man. Children: 67 Rosamond, born 1 May, 1855. A school teacher in Lynn. 176 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 68 Mabel, born 15 Dec, 1859; died in 1900. 69 Milton, born 27 Jul}-, 1862; foreman of a shoe factory. He lives in North Abington. He married (1) Myra Mathews; (2) Helen Humphrey. Child re n ■: Raymond (by first wife), living in Torrington, Conn.; Clara M., (by second wife), and probably others, deceased. VII. 19 ALBERT GALLATIN HEWES (James, John), born 22 Nov., 1810; died in Lynn, 1 March, 1910. He married in 1871, Isabel Richardson of Lynnfield, who is living in Lynn. He enlisted in 1861 in Company C, 6 Ohio Infantry, and in 1861 in Company H, 137th Ohio National Guards. For many years preceding his death he was a shoe operative and lived in Lynn, but had previously lived in the West and on the Pacific Coast. Children: 70 Mary Edith, living with her parents in Lynn in 1909. VII. 21 SOPHIA HEWES (Joel, John), born in Lynnfield, 19 Aug., 1809; died there 20 Nov., 1858 ; married 12 April, 1829, Jeremiah Coney, son of Jeremiah and Rebecca Walton (Nichols) Coney, born in North Reading 9 June, 1806; died 15 Aug., 1889. He married, second, 19 July, I860, Mrs. Emily Parsons born 11 Feb., 1825, by whom he had two children, Fletcher Coney, de- ceased, and Kate E. Coney of West Roxbury. ( hildren: 71 Sophia Augusta Coney, born 30 Jan., 1830; died 28 Aug., 1853; married, 25 July, 1818, John Putnam Swain of North Reading, born 1(3 Feb., 1826; died 19 Sept., 1896, and had two children of whom Lizzie Putnam, born 10 Feb., 1852, died 16 Dec, 1856, and Rosa Augusta, born 19 April, 1850; married 18 May, 1874, Charles Andrew Perkins of Wadefield, born IS April, 1850, and has a son Harland A. Perkins, bom 26 July, 1876. Mrs. Rosa Perkins received education at the school of her uncle, (has. W . Hewes, and Inter at San Francisco and the Baptist Female Seminary a1 New London whither she had been sent hv her uncle, David Hewes. 72 Mauv Elizabeth Coney, born 14 Feb., 1832; died 14 Nov., 1 Am 1 A i ^ iy Knyw II 1 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 177 1859; married 6 Oct., 18.58, Levi S. K. Ckoss of Nashua, N. H. Prior to her marriage she taught school at Nashua. 73 Edwin Sanborn Coney, born 13 Feb., 1834; died 17 Feb., 1866, at North Reading; married 31 March, 1858, Sahah Juliet Graves, daughter of Ebenezer and Hannah M. (Campbell) Graves, who now resides in Denver, Colo. He enlisted 27 Oct., 1862, in Co. B., First battalion Massa- chusetts Heavy Artillery and was on duty at Fort War- ren, Boston harbor, until discharged 3 April, 1865, on account of physical disability, having contracted con- sumption while in the service, of which he died. Chil- dren: (1) Florence Edna, born 16 April, 1859; a gradu- ate of the Salem Normal School and since her husband's death a successful teacher in the Denver public schools. She married 31 Dec, 1879, Frank H. Allen of Wake- field, who died in Colorado, 7 Feb., 1889. Their chil- dren were, Ethelind Florence Allen and Maynard Coney Allen. 17 (2) Clara Juliet Coney, born 7 Nov., I860; graduated from the Salem Normal School, taught in Wakefield and Reading public schools, and is now prin- cipal of the McKinley School of Denver. 74 Francis Asbury Coney, born 2 Oct., 1835 ; died 5 Oct., 1836. 75 Frances Octavia Coney, born 23 June, 1838; died 25 May, 1909; married at Lynnfield, 6 Oct., 1858, John Hiram Perkins, born 8 Dec, 1833, son of John and Catherine (Sweetser) Perkins. Children: George Coney Perkins, born 5 April, 1863; died 10 April, 1864. John Winslow Perkins, born 28 Dec, 1866, married at Lynn- field, 29 Nov., 1889, Annie Stevens, a writer of ability, who has published several volumes including " Thoughts of Peace," " Appointed Paths," " Book of Poems," and by her had John Perkins, born 18 Sept., 1893, died at Lynnfield of pneumonia, 20 March, 1910. i7 Ethelind F. Allen was born in Reading;, Mass., 25 Jan., 1881, and married 15 June, 1904, Arthur G. Thomax, and has Evelyn Marie Thoman, born 16 May, 1906. Maynard Coney Allen was born in North Reading, 15 Jan., 1883, graduated from the Colorado School of Mines, and is now em- ployed with a large mining company at Ojuela, Mexico. He married Myr- tle Easley of Golden, Colo., 15 April, 1909. ITS DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 76 Jeremiah Wixslow Coney, born 26 Oct., 1840; died 26 Sept., 184-1. 77 Charles Wesley Hewes Coney, 18 born 21 March, 1813 ; died 3 Feb., 1896, after an illness of several years. Mar- ried Sophie M. Burton of San Francisco, who was born 1 Dec, 1850. Children: Louise Juliet Coney, born 8 May, 1876, married James Reune Barricklo, born 26 Nov., 1872. [Their children are Amy Belle Barricklo, born 3 March, 1904 ; Charles Burton Barricklo, born 4 March, 1906.] Amy Frances Coney, born 6 Aug., 1883, married Joseph Elmer Barricklo, born 1 March, 1881. 78 George Birney Coney, born 6 June, 1845, died 5 June, 1861. The following account of Mrs. Sophia (Hewes) Coney is taken from the Tapley Genealogy : " The eldest child, Sophia, shared with her young mother the cares and responsibilities of the large family circle, and she was near to her mother in the affection bestowed upon her by the younger children. She married Jeremiah Coney. Like her mother, she was ambitious to have her children well educated, sending two of her daughters away to a seminar} 7 to be educated for teachers. " The pastor of the Methodist Church of North Reading, Mass., wrote of her as follows: 'She was converted at the age of nineteen, and the great change that had come into her life and stimulated her action was apparent from her constant activities is Charles W. H. Coney enlisted 5 Aug., 1863, in Company A, 33d regi- ment, at Camp Schooler, Lynnfield, and went to Virginia where after six months Companies A and K were transferred to the 41 Mass. Reg. then at Staten [gland, X. Y., commanded by Col. Thos. B, Chickering. The 41st was assigned to accompany Gen. Banks to the Gulf, and in 1S(>3 was converted into the 3d .Mass. Cavalry, Col. Sargent, and as cavalry participated in the siege of Port Hudson. In March, 1864, was ordered to New Orleans where they joined the Red River Expedition, after which the regiment was again organized as an infantry regiment, and ordered to Washington, enter- ing Virginia <> Aug., 1864, as part of the 19th Corps under Sheridan. It participated in the battles of Winchester, Fisher's Ilill and Cedar Creek, where Mr. Coney was wounded in his right arm, and was obliged to walk ten miles with his arm in a sling to the hospital at Newtown church where his arm was amputated. The wounded were taken to Philadelphia suffering for w.i nt of Care and attention, and even refreshment, being several days on the way. Id- was discharged from Chester Field Hospital 1 July, iH(>. r >. About 1861 or IHfiH he went to San Francisco and entered the employment ot Mr. David I hues, and during the litter's absence in Furupc was his agenl with power of attorney. He was never actively engaged In business after this, bui was employed In the postal service [n San Francisco. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 179 in every department of church work. So true is this that on inditing even the briefest tribute to her memory one finds it diffi- cult to specifiy her virtues, without seeming to employ extrava- gant eulogy. She had all the advantages of a common school system. She had a great deal of mental vigor and natural force of character, coupled with patience and kindness of spirit, with quiet unassuming dignity, uniformly genial and sympathetic. She was cordially welcomed in the social circle, for her presence always gave an impetus to every enterprise. She was the light of her own household ; a conscientious church member, always in her pew on the Sabbath, following the example of her devoted parents, of her father Col. Joel Hewes, who was a faithful class leader in the M. E. church for many years. " Sister Coney had a great faculty to find poor and neglected children and adults ; to bring them into the church and Sabbath school, and as a teacher she knew how to keep them interested in the inspired Word of God. She knew how to win souls to Christ, and at the last many doubtless will rise to call her blessed. Her last days were a benediction to those who witnessed her Christian fortitude. Having so much to live for in her home surroundings, an exemplification of conjugal affection, yet she could say, ' For we know that if our earthly house of this tabernacle were dis- solved, we have a building of God, an house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.' " VII. 22 JOEL HEWES {Joel, John), born in Lynn 12 Aug., 1810; died in Lynnfield, 1 April, 1875; married 28 April, 1880, Sarah (Marsh), born in Danvers, 10 May, 1811, died 6 June, 1883, in Lynnfield. She was the daughter of Capt. Thomas H. Marsh of Danvers, later of Hartland, Me., who was a brother of the late Col. Lucius B. Marsh of Boston. Children, born in Lynnfield: 79 George Warren, born 6 July, 1832; died 24< Aug., 1853, in Lynnfield. 80+ Henry Augustus, born 27 or 26 Dec, 1833; died at New- bern, N. C, 3 Oct., 1864, while in the army; married at Ossipee, N. H., 26 Nov., 1857, Lizzie Tucker. He is buried at Lynnfield. 81 Frances Matilda, born 20 March, 1836; died 17 May, 180 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 186T; married 19 May, 1859, Eliab Stone, of North Reading, farmer. No issue. 82+ Sarah Rosaxna, born 26 Sept., 1837; died 10 April, 1902; married Thomas P. West. " Joel Hewes, being the eldest son, his father, on his death- bed, naturally felt that he must stand as the head of the family, and committed his mother to his loving care. ' See your grief- worn mother, who will soon be left a widow to the mercy of her orphan children, tell me, Joel, will you be kind to her?' 'Yes, father, I will,' was the reply, and that promise was fulfilled. Joel became her counsellor. He married Sarah Marsh, bought the family homestead, near the Tapley tomb, lived and died there. Of his four children, three died of consumption in early manhood and womanhood, Henry having contracted it in the rebellion of 1860. Mrs. Rosa Hewes West inherited the old homestead, and lived there until within a few years, when she sold it and moved to North Reading. " Joel Hewes was a big hearted, generous man, who could re- late anecdotes in a capital way and enjoyed the humorous side of life. As announced by his father in his sickness, he was one of the six children whom he found rejoicing in hope, during a revival; but though that hope doubtless burned in his soul, his buoyant, genial nature was repelled by the stern dogmatism hurled against him, and he joined no church, professed no creed. Had he lived to-day, he would have been called a practical Chris- tian. During the last year of his sickness, his early religious con- victions took strong hold of him, and he died giving ample proof of being a devout, sincere Christian. lie was a man of in- domitable push and energy, better suited to the present time than the age in which he lived." — (Tapky Gencalogi).) Mr. Hewes was for several years tax collector and held other town offices. He was a successful farmer and " in advance of his times," and was widely and favorably known in Lynn and Salem. In stature he was the largest of the family, being nearly 6 feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds. He had the curly, d.uk brown hair of his father, and black eves. In disposition he Was genial, active and energetic. " Died in Lynnfield, Mass., April 1, 1.S75, Mr. Joel Hewes, 64 vears. He w;is ;i m:in of great tenderness of spirit, under- neath an external <>f hard industry; a man of large resources, <>f DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 181 fine feeling and delicate susceptibilities ; a man who could have been more than he was, under circumstances and avocations that would have called forth his finer capacities. For months prior to his death, he was prostrated by the disease that carried him away, but during all the period of his sickness, he manifested a great deal of patience and resignation that grew more and more noticeable to the end of his days. Upon the testimony of those nearest to him, who served him faithfully in his sickness, the con- solation is left that he passed from earth as an heir to the heav- enly life. ' Oh,' writes a sister to me, ' I wish you could have heard his simple and honest prayers, asking God to do just as He pleased with him and it would be all right.' ' Oh, I am so tired,' he said ; ' do, Lord Jesus, come and take me to thy bosom, I want to go home.' While friends were singing, he said ' All sing, and sing cheerfully.' Speaking of home in heaven, he said, ' Tell David and Charles I am almost there.' He often spoke of David's great kindness to him. Again, ' I want to be home with Mother, Father, Matilda.' Still again, ' I want to be with Jesus. I can almost see home.' Though never a member of a church, and to many appearing thoughtless, possibly even care- less of religion, the memory of these last sayings, reaching back over months from his day of death, is unspeakably comforting. There can be no question of his peaceful and happy death. Otherwise all evidence is to be denied. He leaves a widow and daughter, two brothers and three sisters to mourn his loss ; be- sides many nephews and nieces who loved " Uncle Joel " much in life, and now that he has gone, have much in their memory to recall to his praise. G. S. A." 19 VII. 23 AARON TAPLEY HEWES (Joel, John), born in Lynnfield, 30 July, 1812; died in North Reading, 25 Jan., 1861 ; married Louisa Smith, daughter of William and Lois (Parker) Smith, who was born in Lynnfield, 26 June, 1812, and died 15 June, 1861. Children, born in Reading, now North Reading: 83+ Althea C, born 8 Aug., 1841 ; married Francis E. Flint. 84+ Marland Smith, born 16 Sept., 1846. Aaron Tapley Hewes established himself in business in Read- i9 Rev. Grenville S. Abbott in the Herald of Truth. 182 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES ing, and became an important factor in the life of that town, especially in matters which concerned the north parish, in 1853 established as the town of North Reading. In town and church, although neither seeking or accepting office, his influence was marked. In business matters he was the very soul of integrity. In the trying times preceding the outbreak of the Civil War, like many other manufacturers, he was subjected to financial losses and great anxieties, but he met every demand upon him. One of his children writes concerning him : " As I remember my father, he was a man of the greatest energy, true to his friends, generous to a fault, ambitious for himself and his family, willing to make any sacrifice for their good ; and desired that his children should be well educated and fitted to fill useful positions in life. He sent his daughter, Althea, to Bradford Academy, where she graduated, and his son, Marland, to Phillips Academy, Andover. He was a devoted Christian, superintendent of the Sabbath school, and a constant attendant at church and prayer meeting. His home was always open to visiting ministers and for the entertainment of guests at church convocations. He was the foremost man in all political affairs and matters which re- lated to the welfare of the town, and was almost radical upon the subject of temperance. At his own expense he planked the walk over the river and swamp, connecting the two parts of North Reading, and presented the bell to the town, which still rings the curfew, whose soft tones every night still echo his memory. To- day no name is more tenderly loved in that New England town than his, which bears many marks of his enterprise and gen- erosity." The Rev. Thomas Newton Jones, pastor of the Congregational Church at North Reading, preached the funeral sermon, 3 Feb- ruary, following the death of Mr. Hcwcs. Mr. Jones had been on very intimate terms with his parishioner, and paid to his memory a deserved and honest tribute. He spoke of his self- denying solicitude for liis family, and of his charity to others, quoting his words, "When a man begins to hoard his wealth, he ceases i<> enjoy it, and involvea his family and society and him- self in misery." A few extracts from this funeral discourse will Serve to illustrate the life and eharaeler of the man. "His charitable, open handed life tells us he believed and practiced to a rare extent the liberality he admired and commended in others. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 183 Enjoying only the advantages of a common education, none ap- preciated learning more than he, and endured more sacrifices to give it to his children. If not versed in books, he was a pro- ficient in reading men, and in comprehensiveness of ideas and promptness in action, was fully up to the times in which he lived. . . . By activity and devotion to the trade he had chosen for his vocation, by native talent for his work, a work requiring judgment, penetration and forecast second to none, from small beginning he gradually rose to a conspicuous and honored position. Amid sharp competition in a branch of manu- facture involving millions of capital and thousands of operators, he held his way steadily and successfully, never depressed by temporary checks in a constantly fluctuating trade, nor unduly elevated by sudden success . . . and I have yet to learn, that any departure from honesty or deviation from strict com- mercial integrity, in the largest or smallest transaction, marked his course. . . . He claimed citizenship — understood its duties and responsibilities. He studied and labored for the public good. He was an earnest advocate for public improve- ment. . . . Desiring the best for himself — making his own home and its surroundings tasteful and attractive, he desired the same for the public. . . . No stranger passes his resi- dence without being attracted by its beauty . . . the life of our brother was spared to see the end of those dark days ; his opponents scattered ; his calumniators silenced, and he stand- ing forth in freedom and honor left to enjoy the few remaining years that were allotted to him on the earth. While our de- parted brother had strong passions, and a resolute will, I know he was not vindictive or in spirit unforgiving. He had fine feel- ings and good and tender sympathies, that responded instantly to the touch of sympathy, or the sight of distress. But he was not a man for compromises. When he thought himself in the right, force or flattery would bring no concessions. That he committed no errors, none believed, nor did he himself af- firm. ... It may be said, that our brother had an un- usual number of enemies. So also he had an unusual number of friends. ... He will be remembered by the Church and religious society of which he was a member. ... It was not in the social religious meetings where many brethren appear to best advantage, that Brother Hewes made himself conspicuous. 184. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES He was not gifted in prayer. His talents and usefulness lay in another direction. True to his scripture name, he was the Aaron that upheld the hands of him that prayed. Who shall pay this tribute to his memory, if not his pastor and friend? " Mr. Hewes is described as a tall fine appearing man, probably five feet ten or eleven inches in height, with dark brown hair, blue eyes, and of cheerful disposition. He was energetic, fond of companionship, and in his thoughts and ideals in advance of his time. VII. 21 MARY ANN HEWES (Joel, John), born in Lynn- field, 17 April, 1814; died in Maiden, 2 June, 1897, and was buried in the old cemetery at Lynnfield. She married 7 June, 1832, Benjamin Cox, Jr., born 12 Dec, 1810; died 30 May, 1891, son of Benjamin and Clarissa (Emerson) Cox. 21 Mrs. Cox was a woman of ardent temperament, fond of gayety, enthusiastic in everything in which she was interested. She pos- sessed a large amount of elasticity in her mental as well as physical make up, and enjoyed a debatable, inquisitive mind. She joined the Methodist church early in life, but after her marriage, in- fluenced partly by her own love of investigation, and partly by association with her husband's relatives who had already identified themselves with the Unitarian movement, it is not a matter of wonderment that she swung from the strict religious tenets of her parents to the liberal religious movement of the times. Upon her marriage she settled in Lynnfield, but in 1851 ac- 20 The Righteous Remembered. A Sermon commemorative of Aaron Tap- ley Hewes, preached at North Reading, Mass., Feb. 3, 1861, by Thomas New- ton Jones, Pastor of the Congregational Church. Printed for the relatives. Boston; Chas. C P. Moody, 52 Washington St., 1861. 8 vo. pp. 15. 21 Benjamin Cox who married Clarissa Emerson 23 Oct., 1805, was born 28 Aug., 1783, and died 5 March, 1873. He was son of Benjamin Cox, born 7 March, 1758, died 25 Nov., 1795, who married 1+ Oct., 1779, Susannah Leeds of Dorchester, a descendant of Humphrey Atherton; grandson of Matthew Cox, horn 23 March, 1717, died 16 Feh., 1756, who married 30 May, 1788, Elizabeth Ru8SeU, granddaughter of Andrew and Elisabeth (Dan- forth) Belcher; and great grandson of Robert Cox. Cf.AHiss.v Kmiikson whs the daughter of Thomas Emerson who married Ruth Bancroft, Whose line Of ancestry was .lames, Kaliani, Thomas, Thomas, John. Thomas Emerson was son of Capt Thomas and Elisabeth (Bruce) Emer- son; grandson of Bbenezer and Mary (Boutwell) Emerson) and great grandson of Rev. Joseph Emerson by bis wife, Elisabeth, daughter of Rev. Edward Bulkeley and granddaughter of Peter Bulkeley, the founder of Concord, Mass. MRS. CLARISSA (EMERSON) COX Died aged 101 years DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 185 companied her husband and children to Sacramento, California, where the family joined her brother David, remaining three years and being there during the great fire and flood. In 1854, on ac- count of the better educational facilities afforded in the East, they returned thither, and settled in Wakefield, where they bought and beautified a home. Generous and hospitable in her entertainment, devoted to the solace of her friends in sickness, Mrs. Cox ever had a large circle of them about her. Her two daughters died in Chicago, and are buried in Rose Hill Cemetery near that city. Mrs. Parker pos- sessed a fine contralto voice, and with her sister Adelaide, who had a soprano voice and was a pianist of great skill, sang in the church choir and in concerts in Wakefield. Children, born in Lynnfield: 85 Francis Warren Cox, born 10 Oct. ; died 12 Oct., 1833. 86 Mary Ellen Cox, born 7 July, 1835 ; died 11 March, 1871 ; married 26 Feb., 1862, Augustus A. Parker, who died 1 July, 1901. Child: Frank Augustus Parker, bora in Maiden, 31 July, 1868. His parents removed to Chicago in 1870, where his mother died, three months later. He received education in the Harvard School, Chicago, and entered the employ of Armour and Com- pany, where he still remains. His father remarried, in 1876, Mrs. Althea (Yeager) Marsh of Chicago, by whom he had Elizabeth Parker, married to Charles Warren Gillett, and Elsa Parker, married to A. Watson Armour. 87 Adelaide Hewes Cox, born 2 Oct., 1840; died 13 April, 1865; married 24 July, 1863, Edward M. Simpson, son of George and Mary (Maxwell) Simpson. He married second Anne Sard of Chicago formerly of Albany and has one son, Howard Sard Simpson. 88 Le Roy Benjamin Cox, born 17 Nov., 1845; married 5 Jan., 1870, Mary Bell Clift, 22 daughter of William Stout and Emily (Summers) Clift, born near Mays- 22 Mrs. Le Roy B. Cox (88) is a descendant of Sir George Summers who relieved the settlers at Jamestown in 1609. He died at the Bermudas or Summers Islands. The terrible storm encountered by him in his voyage of 1609 has been immortalized by Shakespeare in the "Tempest." She is also a descendant of Robert Carter, who built and supported Christ Church in Lancaster county, Virginia, where another ancestor, Rev. John Bell, officiated from 1720 until his death in 1T45. 186 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES ville, Ky. Child: Emily Bancroft Cox, bom 8 May, 1884, in Chicago; married there, 13 July, 1909, George Tyler Northup of Evanston, 111., son of Charles Ward and Blanch (Root) Northup. Mr. Northup grad- uated from Williams College in 1897; instructor there 1903-5 ; Princeton University 1905-1912, when he was called to the University of Toronto. Ph.D. Chicago Uni- versity, 1907. Mrs. Northup graduated from Chicago University in 1906, receiving Honorable Mention. She won the Senior and Graduate scholarships in the Ro- mance Department, in which she did post graduate work for three years. — Child: Richard Cox Northup, born 22 April, 1912. Le Roy Benjamin Cox at the age of six accompanied his parents to California making the journey to San Francisco by water, and experiencing many perils and hardships on the trip. At the age of fifteen he entered the employ of Stearns and Company, a large Boston dry goods house, with whom he remained until 1864, when he went to Chicago and entered the wholesale notion store of his brother-in-law, Edward M. Simpson. Soon after this he became Western agent of Mile End Spool Cotton, a position he held for twenty years until the great thread consolidation. He is now in the commis- sion business, representing a foreign manufacturer, with headquarters in Chicago. 89 Daniel Proctor Cox, born 31 May, 1848 ; died 26 Aug., 1850. VII. 25 RUTHE HEWES (Joel, John), born in Lynnfield, Mass., 16 May, 1816; died in Watertown, 23 Jan., 1909. She married 19 Feb., 1835, Euexezkr Tii.di x Abbott, who was born in North Reading, 14 March, 1808, and died in North Reading, 19 Nov., 1888. Mr. Abbott was son of Ebenezer and Betsey (Swain) Abbot! of North Reading. He lived in North Reading and "did much to promote the prosperity of thai portion of old Reading ... a pillar in the Haptist church ** ("His- tory of Reading": Eaton). Mr. Abbott was a descendant of George Abbott of Andover, Kilo. • l .\n attractive member of Rntlu Tapley Hewcs" family has X DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 18T been her namesake daughter, Ruthe Hewes Abbott. Endowed with beauty of face, refinement and grace of manner, the term ' a perfect lady ' would fittingly apply to her. Sweet singers too, were Ruthe and Tilden Abbott, which gift has descended to children and grand-children in good measure. The writer re- calls with pleasure the delight of hearing them sing in soprano and tenor their well loved ' Fading, Still Fading, the Last Beam is Shining,' and other quaint and tuneful airs — not familiar to the present generation. When Ruthe married she went to North Reading, Mass., to live, and in the three homes built by them, her life has been passed. In these days of ease and pleas- ure, few can realize the hard work required from both husband and wife to maintain a family and get ahead in a small New England town. " Sterling virtues both possessed ; yet it was Ruthe who was determined that her oldest boy should go to college and that all of her children should have every advantage possible at great sacrifice to herself; her unselfish devotion to her children has never been surpassed. Hospitable too were they, their home a Mecca. Indeed, no home in the family was ever more open to the brothers and sisters than has been Ruthe's, also to her minis- ters and church people. " In their early married life, Tilden Abbott from the Universal- ist Church, and Ruthe from the Methodist, were baptised into the membership of the Baptist Church of North Reading and they gave to it ever after their active support and a most loyal alle- giance. The interests of their home and their church were alike to them — the one seemingly as dear as the other — the claims of the one as pressing as that of the other. They were veritable " pillars " on whose strength the church could lean. " It has been Ruthe's good fortune to see much of the world outside of her town. Through the generosity of her brother, David, she twice visited California — the last time in company with her husband ; and with her son, Granville, and her husband, accompanied her brothers, Charles and David, on their first trip to Europe. A marked characteristic of Ruthe Abbott has been her intense interest, not only in the welfare of her immediate family, but in the families of her brothers and sisters and her relatives. At the age of eighty-four years this personal interest is as keen as in her youth and her love to all of them unabated. 188 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES " The children of her son, Granville, reside in California and Nevada ; of her daughter, Mrs. Hortense Carney, in New York City; of her youngest son, Grafton, in Watertown, Mass. Her interest in education has not been without its fruits, for four of her grandsons are college graduates, Dr. Sydney H. Carney, Jr., Carl H., and Philip F. Abbott and Alexander Abbott. Of these one is a lawyer, two are physicians, and one has entered the minis- try. Another grandson, G. D. Abbott, is a railroad superin- tendent." (Tapley Genealogy.) Children, born at North Reading: 90+ Granville Sharp Abbott, born £7 Feb., 1837; died at Oakland, Cal., 22 Nov., 1897. 91 Hortexse S. Abbott, born 24 April, 1840; died in New York, 18 July, 1892; married 30 April, 1862, Sydney Howard Carney, son of James G. and Clarissa (Willet) Carney, born in Lowell 24 Aug., 1837; died 22 Oct., 1912. Dr. Carney left Amherst College in 1854, in his junior year, and took up the study of medicine at the Tre- mont Medical School, and afterward the Harvard Medi- cal School which granted him a degree in 1860. He re- moved from Boston, where he had been practicing, to New York in 1870, and became associate medical direc- tor of the N. Y. Life Insurance Company, where he re- organized the entire medical department, giving his serv- ices to this company for nearly a quarter of a century. Mrs. Carney received education at the Salem Normal School where she was graduated in 1858, and during her life maintained her interest in French and English liter- ature and in her painting. She was a member of the Broadway Tabernacle Church of New York and an in- terested member in its organization for foreign and home missionary work. Children: Sidney Howard Carney, horn :J Dec, 1868, M. D. Dartmouth Medical School, 1888, is recording secretary of the \. Y. Hist. Soc. anil historian and surgeon of Hie Society of Colonial Wars, also author of a Genealogy of the Carney Family published in 1894). Charles A. Carney, horn £9 April, died 18 Oct., 1869. Philip D. Carney, horn 19 Oct., 1870; died K) Aug., 1801. Hortense Abboti Carney, DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 189 bora 31 March, 1872. She studied under Augustus St. Gaudens and J. Wells Champney. 92 T. Gkaftox Abbott, born 15 Oct., 18-19; married 5 March, 1872, Henrietta Jacobs Winn, daughter of Capt. Wil- liam and Ann Maria (Jacobs) Winn, of Wells, Me., and a descendant of George Jacobs of Salem, Edward Winn of Woburn, and of Gershom Maxwell. T. Grafton Ab- bott received education in the public schools of North Reading and the English High School of Boston, after which he entered commercial life in Boston. After his marriage he lived in Chicago. For the past ten years he has been manager of the accountant department of the General Baking Co., Fox Bakery of Charles- town, the largest w-holesale bakery in New England. He has a genial disposition. Mr. Abbott, his three devoted sons, and daughter Ethel, formed a musical coterie rarely surpassed in home life. He is a loyal member of the First Baptist Church in Watertown. Children: Ethel Winn Abbott, born Chicago, 12 Dec, 1872. George Winn Abbott, born at Watertown, 30 May, 1874 ; in business in Boston. T. Grafton Abbott, born Water- town, 1 Oct., 1877; married 9 May, 1902, Lucretia Capen, who died 29 Dec, 1909, at Montclair, N. J.,. daughter of Rev. Edward A. and Helen M. (Thomas) Capen. He is connected with the Northern Lumber Co. of N. Y. Child: Capen Abbott, born 25 Nov., 1903. Alexander Hewes Abbott, born Watertown, 15 March, 1880; married 30 Oct., 1908, Alice Barrett, 23 born 28 May, 1882, at Providence, R. I., daughter of William and Ella (Morse) Barrett of Providence, and has one child, Millicent Barrett Abbott, born 1 Oct., 1909. Mr. Abbott was graduated from Brown University in 1903, the same year that his wife was graduated there, and from Union Theological Seminary in 1906. He was ordained as a Baptist minister at the First Baptist Church, Watertown, 6 Sept., 1906, and that month became pastor of the Church of the Evangel 23 Mrs. Alice (Barrett) Abbott is a descendant of Col. James Barrett of Concord, whose farm and buildings were used as a hiding place for cannon. It was he who ordered the patriots to advance against the British troops in possession of the village, which led to the fight at the North Bridge, April 19th, 1775. 190 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES at Narberth, Pa. He is now (1912) pastor of Em- manuel Baptist Church at Albany, N. Y. During his college life he was president of his class and of the col- lege Y. M. C. A., and won his "B" in both baseball and football. VII. 26 CHARLES WESLEY HEWES (Joel, John"), born in Lynnfield, 7 April, 1818; died 28 Dec, 1882: married 20 Aug., 1844, Rosa Miller Grafton, daughter of George 24 and Rosana (Miller-Dodds) Grafton, who was born Providence, R. L, 5 March, 1816; died 22 Dec, 1905, at St. Helena, California. Rev. Charles Wesley Hewes graduated at Brown University in 1843; was at Newton Theological Institution one year; and was ordained in Lonsdale, R. I., in 1844, remaining as pastor of the Lonsdale church for five years. He then accepted the pastorate of the Baptist Church in Lansingburgh, N. Y., enjoying a highly successful pastorate there for eight years. The next seven years he passed as president of the Indianapolis Female Institute of Indiana. This Institute, formerly the Baptist Young Ladies Institute, was founded in 1858 by the Baptists of Indianapolis, who formed a stock company for that purpose. Rev. J. B. Sim- mons, pastor of church, Rev. M. G. Clarke, editor of The Witness, the denominational paper, Mr. Judson R. Osgood of Sarven Wheel Works and Mr. James Turner pledged their individual credit to the extent of $16,000, thus enabling the Company to buy an acre of land at the Northwest: corner of Pennsylvania and Michigan streets. The first superintendent was Rev. Gibbon Williams, whose daughter was principal of the school. In 1862, Rev. Chas. Wesley Hewes succeeded Mr. Williams and became substantially proprietor of the Institution. Up to 1866 the site and improve- ments had cost fifty-three thousand dollars. For many years the Institute stood on the residence site of Robert Underbill, one of the earliest iron manufacturers of the city. In 1871 the City School Board bought the site and building, and removed the High School there from Circle Hall, also known as the Old Beecher church, and it is still occupied for this purpose. In I860 Mr. Hewes removed to California, being one of the party which accompanied his brother David from the Hast. During his first year in California he was a professor in the College of George Grafton wu born 9 June, I790j his wife '.' Jan., 1795. V DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 191 the Pacific, at Napa, but being in ill health, he resigned and ac- cepted the invitation of his brother, David, to travel in Europe, Egypt and Palestine, where he spent two and one-half years. After his return he served the Baptist Church in St. Helena, Cali- fornia, for five years, and was at Mills College as professor and pastor for one year. His love for the ministry urging him, he became the pastor of the Fifth Baptist Church of San Francisco, where he remained until death, 28 Dec, 1882. Rev. Charles W. Hewes endeared himself to friends and stran- gers alike by his great kindness of nature. He had a benevolent, cheerful and happy temperament. His was an active and very useful life, greatly helped by a wife of equal mental endowments and greatly devoted to Christian service. Children : 93+ Charles Wesley, born at Lonsdale, R. I., 15 July, 184-5. 94« Francis Wayland, born at Lonsdale, R. I., 25 Feb., 1848 ; died much respected at St. Helena, California, 12 March, 1908, s. p. He received education at Lansingburg and Albany, N. Y. He accompanied his parents to Cali- fornia in 1869 and entered the store of his uncle, Mr. David Hewes, where he remained several years ; he then purchased a farm and removed to St. Helena, Cal., where he resided until his death. He was very active in religious work and held prominent positions in the Sunday school. He was also especially interested in public affairs, and was frequently chosen to serve in vari- ous municipal offices. 95 Emma Grafton, born at Lansingburg, N. Y., 13 April, 1850; died 28 April, 1854. VII. 28 DAVID HEWES (Joel, John), of Orange, Cali- fornia, was born in Lynnfield, Mass., 16 May, 1822. He married, first, 30 June, 1875, at Saratoga Springs, N. Y., Mrs. Matilda C. Gray, widow of Franklin C. Gray of Brooklyn, N. Y., and daughter of James and Sarah S. B. (Henry) French of Virginia. Mrs. Hewes was born in Warrenton, Va., and died in Tustin, Calif., 3 Jan., 1887. James French, the father of Mrs. Hewes, was born at French- ville, Prince William county, Va., 18 March, 1801, and died in 192 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES Washington, D. C, 6 May, 1850. He was buried in the Con- gressional Burial Ground. His wife was Sarah Scarborough B. Henry, whom he married in May, 1829. She was born at Wood- lawn, Pittsylvania county, Va., 27 Aug., 1808, and died 9 April, 1873, and is interred at Greenwood Cemetery, Brooklyn, N. Y. She was daughter of John Henry and Martha Williams, his wife, and granddaughter of Judge James Henry, a member of the Con- tinental Congress and Judge of the Court of Admiralty, whose eldest son, Edward Hugh Henry, married a daughter of Patrick Henry by his second wife, Miss Dandridge. 24 Mrs. Matilda C. (French) Hewes was a gifted woman and charming hostess, but was a sufferer from bronchial and other complications arising therefrom for nearly a score of years pre- ceding her death, and for many years had sought relief in many climates. For two and a half years Mr. and Mrs. Hewes traveled in Europe in search for climatic conditions which later were found almost at their very door at home. The critical condition of Mrs. Hewes' health during the latter part of their residence in Oakland caused a clerical friend who had lived in Southern Cali- fornia to advise a visit to that region. At Tustin her health im- proved in a surprising manner and she passed the remaining years, June, 1881, to Jan., 1887, very comfortably, finding much enjoyment not only in the pleasant climate, but in her interest in the little Presbyterian church at Tustin which she and her husband had been the means of forming, and especially in the Sabbath school connected with it ; and also in the development of the ranch and the literary activities of her daughter who had formed an Ebell Society in Tustin and Santa Ana. James French, her father, had lived not only in Warrcnton, Va., but in Washington. He had a plantation on which he had freed his slaves before the war. His wife, Mrs. Hewes' mother, was of the same stock as Patrick Henry. Their son Marccllus now lives in Houston, Halifax County, Va. Another son, 2* It is supposed by the family that the Henry families of Virginia are of the Bame stock. The name appears on the land records of Virginia as early as 1627 when John Henry took up 150 acres in Elisabeth county. A John Henry was of Hanover county in 1786, and Hugh Henry of Lunen- burg county in 1758. The Scottish Henrys claim to be of Norman lineage. John Henry migrated to Virginia prior to 1780. He was son of Alexander Henry and Jean Robertson of Aberdeen, Scotland, and a friend of Robert Dinwiddle, governor of Virginia Jean Robertson was sister of Rev. Wil- liam Robertson, father of Dr. William Robertson, the historian and distin- gul bed divine. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEVVES 193 James H., was sent when quite young to San Antonio, Texas, where he became a merchant and banker, and was twice elected mayor of the city. A son of this brother of Mrs. Hewes, Junius B. French, whose education at a Virginia Theological seminary was provided for by his aunt, is now settled over a church in Fort Worth, Texas. 25 Rosa French, sister to Mrs. Hewes, and for many years a companion, married Mr. Arthur Brown of Honolulu and died in San Francisco in 1887. By her first marriage, Mrs. Hewes had a daughter, Franklina C, who married in March, 1878, William S. Bartlett of San Fran- cisco. Mr. and Mrs. Bartlett resided with Mrs. Hewes until the removal to Tustin in 1881, after which they lived in Tustin and Santa Ana, where Mr. Bartlett established the Santa Ana Com- mercial Bank, but later removed to Los Angeles, taking charge of the Union Savings Bank, which is now, after several consolida- tions, called the German American Bank, with a capital of $12,- 000,000, and of which Mr. Bartlett is president. Mrs. Bart- lett has two sons and a daughter. The following tribute to her mother appeared in a Richmond, Va., paper: A BEREAVED HOME. Tustin, Cal., January 23, '87- Messrs. Editors, — Among the many homes weekly gladdened by the coming of your paper, there is none where it has been more welcome than in one hidden among the orange groves of Southern California. Here it has for several years sought a gentle hand whose influence has been so potent and tender that of it we feel constrained to tell you. Some lives ring with deeds which stir the pulses of all who hear them; some float upon the stream of time as idly as a water-lily un- folding to the sunshine; and some God hushes to an inaction from which a power flows as the perfume arises from the hidden violet, as verdure follows in the path of moisture. The silence of such lives speaks louder than the whirlwind; theirs is "the still small voice " which tells that God is near. On a broad veranda screened from view by a high climbing Bank- sia rose, on a reclining chair, lies a gentle invalid. The sunshine filtering through the rose-leaves flecks her with light and shadow. The vagrant breeze, fresh from the surrounding orchards, fans her 25 Rev. Junius B. French was for a time pastor of the Tustin church, being called to that pulpit soon after the death of his aunt, Mrs. Hewes. 194 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES with perfume. The nesting birds perch on the vines fearless of her presence. The inmates of her home find here their Mecca. Are they sad? She has an unfailing store of sympathy and comfort. Are they glad? Her smiles are ever ready to brighten their joy. Is counsel needed? Who so wise as she, grown so from many silent ponderings. Beyond the trees her eyes can rest upon a church steeple. The ground upon which it stands was her gift; its erection was in- spired by her prayers and wishes. Prevented by sickness from en- tering its walls, when its bell calls to worship, she lies in her leafy nook and raises her petitions for pastor and people who gather there. Many a soul was strengthened by those prayers, and knew it not. For years this dear presence has made this spot a shrine; but the rose-leaves lie untouched about the empty chair now, and those who love her shun its silence. Weeks of intolerable anguish lie between those days and these; weeks when chamber echoed to moans of pain but never to repining. Standing now in the lonely twilight of sor- row, we ask what was the lesson of her life? We can best answer in her own words, chosen from different conversations during her last illness. One day, sitting up in bed that she might easier catch her labored breath, she said: " Oh ! how good a God I have had ! I can see now how tenderly He has led me. As a timid young girl, helplessly ignorant of the world, I plunged into the waters of great affliction, which would have overwhelmed me had He not gone with me. I have often lacked strength for tomorrow, but I have always had sufficient for today. ... I feel that I am dying, and heretofore I have feared death. The inevitable can always be borne, and I have braced my- self to bear whatever God sends. The only earthly pang I feel is that of parting from my loved ones. I have no visions of what lies beyond the grave, but I hold His promise that I shall be satis- fied. . . . My only prayers now are, ' God have mercy on me/ and ' Thy will be done.' . . . Sickness is not the time to pre- pare for death. If my peace with God had not been made before this, it would never have been made. Right living is the only test of Christianity. To live well is so much more difficult than to die well." One day she constantly ejaculated, " Lord, is there no end to this circle-" On being .asked what she meant, she replied: "I dreamed I was in a great circle of pain, and I wandered around and around looking for the Gate of Death, through which alone I could roach Heaven, which I plainly saw lay just beyond." A few hours before she fell asleep she said: " I am bo tired, so DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 195 tired. If I could only rest!" The next morning she was still quietly sleeping. In her sleep she found the Gate of Death, and woke in Heaven ! Oh ! blessed waking, which knows no pain, no night, no weariness ! We strained our ears to hear the seraphs' songs as she passed through the celestial portals. Alas ! they were too dull to catch a single echo. But we saw the lines of suffering fade from her face, and we felt that God's gentlest angel had kissed her brow and left upon it the seal of peace. This sense of peace is with us still. Her patience in long sick- ness, her conscientious fulfilment of every duty, her hourly unselfish- ness, live in our memories as an inspiration for the rest of the jour- ney we must accomplish without her presence. The room which wit- nessed her final divorce from pain will ever be our counsel chamber, where our perplexities and sorrows will receive a silent baptism of rest. Surely if the joy of heaven can be increased by the repentance of one sinner, its beauty must also be intensified by the addition of one such soul to the ranks of those who " have come through great tribulation and have washed their robes in the blood of the Lamb." F. C. G. B. David Hewes married, second, 11 June, 1889, at San Francisco, Anna M. Lathrop, daughter of Dyer 26 and Jane (Shields) Lath- rop of Albany, N. Y., where she was born 22 September, 1832. A sister, Jane E., married Hon. Leland Stanford and with her husband founded the Leland Stanford Junior University. Mrs. Anna M. Hewes was a descendant of John Lowthroppe of Cherry Burton, Yorkshire, who was living in the time of Henry VIII. 27 She died in San Francisco 3 Aug., 1892. A memorial volume was published by her husband the year following her death, from which selections are reproduced in an Appendix to this genealogy. David Hewes is living at Orange on the ranch " Anapauma," 26 Dyer and Jane (Shields) Lathrop had the following children: Daniel Shields Lathrop, born 13 April, 1825; died 13 Feb., 1883; married 18 Dec., 1855, Harriet Monteath. Children: Jennie W. ; Tiena D.; Amy G. Axxa Maria Lathrop, born 1826; died 1830. Jake Elizabeth Lathrop, born 25 Aug., 1828; died 28 Feb., 1905; married 30 Sept., 1850, Leland Stanford, who died 20 June 1893. Child: Leland DeWitt Stanford, born 14 May, 1868, at Sacramento. Ariel Lathrop, born 39 Dec, 1830; married 6 Oct., 1857, Cather- ine P. Beardsley. They live in California. Anna Maria Lathrop, born 22 Sept., 1832; died 3 Aug.^ 1892; married David Hewes. Henry Clay Lathrop, born 20 May, 1844. Charles Gardner Lathrop, born 11 March, 1819, married Miss Griswold. 27 See Appendix. 196 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES which he bought shortly after his settlement at Tustin. It was at the time of his purchase a sheep ranch. He planted it first as a raisin-grape vineyard, and for several years made raisins. When the vines were destroyed in the great epidemic which ruined so many vineyards, he planted the ranch to oranges, lemons, olives, and walnuts. It is now in a high state of cultivation. About two hundred acres are given over to hay and forage crops. 28 28 v * The wilderness and the solitary place shall be glad for them ; and the desert shall rejoice, and blossom as the rose." This is just as true to-day as it was when Isaiah was singing his songs, 760 years before the Christian era, to the people of Judea. There have been men in all times whose special mission on earth seemed to be to beautify and bring into productiveness the bare and waste places. Southern Cali- fornia has been blessed with countless numbers of these true philanthropists (for who is more of a philanthropist than he who does what he can to make the world better to live in?) and Orange county has had her share of them. Men who came here and uprooted the cactus and planted the vine and fig tree, took the barren hills and planted flowers and made them to bloom. One of the most splendid evidences of this spirit is manifested in the de- velopment and beautifying of the Anapauma (Spanish word meaning place of rest) ranch, which was purchased by Mr. David Hewes, the present owner, 25 years ago, when it was a sheep ranch. When Mr. Hewes bought the tract, which then consisted of over 800 acres, he at once set the place to vines, and he saw the land improve from a value of a few dollars per acre to several hundred dollars per acre, and he also saw it go back from a well-developed raisin grape vineyard to a barley farm. When the blight killed the grapes in Orange county, these splendid vine- yards went the way of all the others, and the owner faced the loss of years of work and care, and the expenditure of large sums of money, with nothing left him but the bare ground. Many a man, situated as Mr. Hewes was, with large interests in San Francisco, would have quit here, and either sold the land or held it for an improvement in price brought about by others developing along new lines. But David Hewes is not made that way. He began to experiment and spend money and for many years the earnings of his interests in San Francisco were spent on Anapainna, with the result that to-day he has a ranch of 7:30 aens that has few equals in Southern California. The ranch lies at the base of the mountains, of which there is a splendid view on three sides, and to the west is an unobstructed view of the Sunset Sea. On a clear day, from the top of a knoll that lies just north of the ranch house, Catalina Islands are in plain view. And this knoll — a barren hill-top but a few years ago — is now a perfect flower garden, through which arc made beautiful walks and driveways. Two years ago Mr. Hewes began work on this hill, with the intention of making it the beauty spot of the Santa Ana valley, and how well he has Succeeded is attested by the thousam'. of visitors that drive ever it and rest no i I -, splendid Crest, drinking iii the beauties of mountains and sea, bloom- ing orchard and flowering bush. The work on the hill is under the supervision of Mr. R. G. Fraser, of I' i irlcii.i, who has an extensive lepul at ion as a landscape designer in South- ern California. Ft was he who designed and carried out the work done at tin- VdolphUB BuSCh home in Pasadena, on which work there has been Spent miii. Mr. I'rascr said, in speaking of the Ilcwes' Hill: "It has more landscape po Abilities than has any other spot in Southern California." DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 197 The administration and oversight is entirely in Mr. Hewes' hands. This is characteristic of the man, who at eighty-nine years of age remains as interested in work and affairs as he ever was. In the summer of 1909, Mr. Hewes visited the East, making a pilgrimage to his birthplace. On this occasion he pointed out to the friends who were with him the site of the house in which lived his ancestor, John Hewes, the site of the church which his father Joel Hewes had erected, his own birthplace and the Swain place where he spent four years of his boyhood. Not the least striking characteristic of Mr. Hewes is his clear memory of events happening during his long life. It is true his life has been full of episodes which could not but otherwise than leave clear impressions in his mind. It will take three to five years yet to finish the work that Mr. Hewes has planned. Over $20,000 has already been spent and thousands more will be expended, and every dollar that Mr. Hewes spends on his place enhances the value of every acre in the valley. For the watering of the hill he "has constructed a large reservoir 100x50 feet, made of concrete. The basin is nine feet deep and will hold an im- mense amount of water. Around the crest of the hill is laid a two-foot steel pipe 675 feet long, to which all of the laterals for the irrigation of the hill are attached. This gives the park a splendid water service for the propagation of the plant life on its sides and crest. On the south slope is the largest pansy bed in the world. It lies on the west side of the drive and the east side of the same drive is a veritable field of poppies. Thus around the immense hill is the idea being gradually carried out, and to appreciate the beauties one must see it. The whole effect is beyond mere words to describe — it is magnificent, soul-satisfying. The ranch as a revenue producer, has few equals in this land of splen- did ranches. After the blight killed the grapes, Mr. Hewes again cleared the ground and began to plant oranges, lemons, walnuts and olives, and he now has 400 acres of oranges and lemons, 20 acres of walnuts, and 75 acres of olives, while the remainder is in hay and grain. Each road or avenue is to be shaded by the best selection of avenue trees. From the orange and lemon orchards last year Mr. Hewes received $72,000, besides the revenue from walnuts and olives, and his hay and grain land. These statements of the revenue of the ranch have been given to us by the foreman, Mr. John Adams, who has been identified with the ranch some eighteen years, as has also another employe^ Mr. Herbert Isaacs. From the crest of the hill the entire ranch, with its orchards of orange and lemon, groves of olive and walnut, and its waving fields of yellow grain, lies spread before one and it would be hard indeed to compare it to any- thing less beautiful than the vista that lay beneath the gaze of the Children of Israel as they viewed from the mountains, the wonders of the promised land. Running along the base of the range is one of the large branches of the Santa Ana Valley irrigating system, which furnishes the cheapest water of all the systems in Southern California and along the west line runs the snow ditch. These two splendid water ways furnish the necessary irrigation for the foothill district. The water for the family is taken from a large filter constructed in the reservoir that was built for the irrigation of the hill. — Santa Ana Daily 198 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES The life of David Hewes presents a striking similitude to that of his New England ancestor, Lieutenant Joshua Hewes. Both were left fatherless at about the same age ; both migrated to a new country thousands of miles distant where they established themselves in business ; both were deeply interested in religion yet not narrow minded ; both early in their career were success- ful and suffered complete loss from no fault of their own ; both at the close of their business life took up an agricultural pursuit. Lieutenant Joshua Hewes lived in a period of such strenuous activity that it was the exception for a man to attain as many years even as are allotted to him in the Scriptures, but so far as we know he had the strong physical as well as mental make-up which has been inherited through all the generations by his de- scendant. On his ranch at Orange, Mr. Hewes has not only built a most pleasant home and convenient offices for the management of the estate, but has found much pleasure in converting a conical hill, one of the natural features of the place, covering about ten acres, into an immense flower garden. This hill, widely known through- out the county, commands a grand view of the valley, and in its development into a place of surpassing beauty, Mr. Hewes has had the services of Mr. R. G. Fraser, a landscape gardener of great skill, and who has made the sunken gardens of Mr. Adol- phus Busch at Pasadena one of the great attractions of that town. Here while on the ranch, Mr. Hewes finds distraction from the cares of his busy life. Hewes Hill is open to the public and offers mute and glowing testimony to the owner's love of nature and esthetics. /,'< gisU r, Dec. 2, 1907. It is proper to add that since the above was pub- lished, it has been demonstrated thai a permanent subterranean water supply exists in the valley, which adds greatly to the possibilities of that district. Two artesian wells are on the Hewes ranch, and others on neighboring ranches, all \ ielding abundantly. The v.i II is 500 feet deep. The water rises to within 110 feet of the sur- face, in an !H inch, steel-pipe bore. This bore is encased to water level (140 feet) in a re-iri forced concrete pit 7 feet in diameter, which pit contains the pumping machinery consisting of a 150 H.l'. dynamo that runs a centrifugal pump with a capacity of 150 miner's heads. A miner's head according to mea uremenl In Orange county is L00 cubic inches. In other counties where water is seine a head is but .10 cubic inches. Water from this well is raised to the highest point on the Hewes ranch, 175 feet above water level, whence it is distributed through cement pipes to all points of the ranch. Mr. s. I •'. Catey of Los Angeles, recognizee! as one of the best engineers on the Pacific ('oast, in this line of work. Installed this equipment, and con- siders the Hewes well the finest he has ever put down. The cost of the in- stallation was nearly (130,000, (Editor.) DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 199 Mr. Hewcs has always been interested in art. During his many years of residence abroad he collected such objects as pleased him, not with the idea of forming a great collection of noted subjects, but small objects which appealed to his own 8< of beauty and which he would be able to enjoy in his own home. This collection some years later he presented to the Leland Stan- ford, Jr., Museum 20 in memory of his wife. The earthquake of 1906 wrought great damage to the museum and shattered much of the statuary, which, however, was skillfully repaired and largely replaced in a wing of the Museum in which a room 35x60 feet is set apart for it. Mr. Hewes has demonstrated his business ability and good judg- ment in real estate, and still believes in the great future of both San Francisco and Los Angeles, both of which places he has seen grow from small beginnings, and in both of which he still retains large interests. In obtaining from Mr. Hewes the statement which is printed elsewhere, it was evident that many affairs in which he was deeply concerned and was an important factor, were but lightly touched upon or not in any way alluded to. He liked best to dwell upon his association with Mr. Cunningham, his visits East, his pleasant home relations and the completion of the great trans-continental railway. His own part in creating enthusiasm and interest in the project of the railroad is hardly spoken of. To him was of- fered the opportunity of becoming one of the largest contractors for building the road, a contract which perhaps wisely he refused to accept. When in Greece he became deeply interested in the project of preservation of ancient sites of archaeological interest, and on his return interviewed some of our most wealthy citizens, hoping to obtain from some of these the money necessary to purchase the site of Delphi. Unfortunately at that time Mr. Stanford was deeply engrossed in politics. If it had not been for this, it is probable that he would have obtained for the American Institute that historic place. 29 The history of the foundation and growth of the Leland Stanford, Junior, University is too well known to require comment in this place. The grant of Senator Leland Stanford and Jane Lathrop Stanford, his wife, of the Palo Alto estate, one of the finest private estates in America, and other properties to twenty-four trustees to establish a university took place 11 Nov., 1885. The deed of trust recites that "the idea of establishing an in- stitution of this kind for the benefit of mankind came directly and largely from our son and only child, Leland." The organization of the Trustees occurred 14 Nov., 1885. 200 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES Mr. Hewes has always been ready to do his part in contributing time or money to those movements which seemed to him to merit success. He has been especially active in church, charitable and educational work. He is one of those who has contributed to- ward the endowment of Mills College, of which he was a trustee for many years. He was also one of the original trustees of the " Crocker Home for Aged People," and was a trustee for the First Presbyterian Church. To this society he presented por- traits of each of the pastors of the church. But a small part of his gifts to public and private institutions is known. Among his gifts to Mills College was a collection of specimens of natural history and valuable historical objects now installed in a room in the Nathaniel Gray Hall of Science. He also gave the chime of bells in the Campanile, one of the architectural fea- ture of the college. Mills College was chartered as a college in 1885. In 1852 a few residents of Benicia realizing the need for a girls' boarding school brought a teacher from the East and set up a school. Later Miss Mary Atkins purchased the school and extended its scope and usefulness. In 1865 Cyrus T. Mills, D. 1)., and his equally noble wife, Susan L. Mills, purchased the institution which in 1871 was removed to Seminary Park, Alameda County. When the original purchase of 160 acres in the Ala- meda foothills was made by the Mills there were only a few scat- tered oaks growing on the estate. Sixty thousand trees were planted during the life time of Dr. Mills. To-day the college is most romantically situated in a beautifully wooded park. Dr. Mills died 20 April, 1884>. Mrs. Mills continued as President of the college until 19 May, 1909, when Miss Luella Clay Carson, LL.l)., long associated with the University of Oregon, was elected as her successor, and as President Emeritus until her death in 1912. The college has a serviceable and growing plant and already leads -til Western institutions for the education of women. The enrollment of students has very largely increased in the past four years. Many gifts of buildings have been made to the College, notably by Miss Sarah Sage of Ware, Mass., by Andrew Carnegie, James !'. Tierce, and Mr. and Mrs. Frank M. Smith. The lasl m orn i May, 1785, a tanner In Alna. DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HE WES 211 27 Jan., 1857, Thomas Pratt West, born in Augusta, Me., 18 Oct., 1834, now living in North Reading, Mass., a veteran of the Civil War, son of Amrai and Lavinia (Thomas) West. 32 Children : 126 Rose Lavinia West, born in Lynnfield, 23 May, 1857; died in North Reading, 27 Oct., 1897 ; married 25 Aug., 1877, Albert Mosman Ritchie, of Wakefield. She mar- ried, second, Dr. William P. Davis, of North Reading, who served as surgeon in the Spanish War. Children: Katie Mosman West Ritchie, born 6 April, 1878; d. y. Rose Maud Ritchie, born 2 Oct., 1880; d. y. Nettie Hewes Ritchie, born 21 Aug., 1882; d. y. Effie Hor- tense Ritchie, born in Plymouth, 13 Oct., 1888; mar- ried 15 Aug., 1907, Ralph Harrison. Their Children: Gladys Hortense Harrison, born in North Reading, 18 March, 1909 ; Ruth Ritchie Harrison, born in Reading. 127 Charles Elmer West, born in North Reading, 16 Nov., 1859; died 23 Nov., 1859. 128 Francis Edgar West, born in North Reading, 14 Nov., 1860 ; died in Lynnfield, 17 Sept., 1875. 129 George Henry West, born in South Danvers, 3 Nov., 1867; died at Lynnfield, 15 June, 1894. VIII. 83 ALTHEA L. HEWES {Aaron T. t Joel, John), born in North Reading, Mass., 8 Aug., 1841 ; married there 27 Nov., 1860, Francis Eaton Flint, born 1823, son of Major Daniel and Sarah (Eaton) Flint 33 of North Reading, who died 32 Ammi West, J. P., was born in Freeport, Me., 16 March, 1802; lived a while in Greene, Mass.; died in Augusta 15 Oct., 1848. He was a daguer- reotypist while living in Augusta and at the time of his death. His wife, Lavinia, was born in Frankfort, Me., 26 July, 1805, and died in Lynnfield, Mass., 7 Nov., 1889. She was one of five daughters of Benjamin and Bet- sey (Holt) Thomas. Betsey, another daughter of Benjamin Thomas married John Pratt of North Reading. The family record relates that, " Elder Joseph Holt, an English minister," had a son Benjamin Holt, whose son Joseph Holt had a son and a daughter, the Betsey named above, who died in 1774, aged 89. The other daughters of Benjamin and Betsey (Holt) Thomas were: Ruth, married to Robert McClure of Sherman, Me.; Pauline, married to Thomas Abbott of North Reading, Mass., and Mary Ann, mar- ried to Edmund Groom of Boston. This information was obtained from an ancient paper in possession of Mr. West (aged 89) and signed by Betsey Robbins, sister to the above mentioned Benjamin Thomas. At that time all of the five sisters were living. 33 Major Daniel Flint died 3 May, 1871, aged 76 years, 1 month, eleven days. He was the eldest son of Col. Daniel and Priscilla (Sawyer) Flint, 212 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 27 Feb., 1887. Mrs. Flint married, second, 25 Jan., 1893, George M. Daxskin of Los Angeles, who died without issue. Mr. Flint was for some years resident in San Francisco where he was employed by the firm of Flint, Peabod}^ & Company, of which his uncle was the senior member. He accumulated con- siderable property, returned to the East and took over his father's farm, where he lived some years. During this period he married. In 1869 he was living in Chicago, and was persuaded by Mr. David Hewes to again remove to San Francisco with his family, where he for a time was associated with Mr. Hewes in the grocery business, and later he was in business for himself. For many years he was employed by the street railway company, as super- intendent of a branch line. Children: 130 Frank Putnam Flint, born in North Reading, 15 July, 1862 ; married in Los Angeles, 25 Feb., 1890, Katherine J. Bloss, daughter of Henry Augustus and Glory Theresa (Hirley) Bloss. He received education in the public schools of San Francisco. He began business life with Blake and Moffit, paper dealers, and was later associated with his brother Motley H. Flint in the same business. For a short time he was with his great-uncle David Hewes on the latter's ranch, but soon entered the office of Judge Allen, and was admitted to the Bar. In 1892 he received the appointment of Assistant United States District Attorney. In 1897 was appointed U. S. Dis- trict Attorney for the Southern District of California. In January, 1905, he was elected Senator from Cali- fornia to succeed the Hon. Thomas R. Bard, and served until March, 1911. He was appointed to the Monetary Commission from winch he resigned in the summer of 1911. Children: William Flint; Katherine Flint. 131 Motley Hewes Flint, born in Somerville, Mass., 19 I'd)., 1864; married Geetbude Cotteell, daughter of I). \Y. and Emily Cottrell. lie received education in the public schools of San Francisco. He entered the employment find prcnt prandsnn of Rev. Daniel Putnam, the first minister (if the parish nt North Reading. Major Plinl was representative t" tin- General Court, nrul held town office. I lis wife, Sarah Baton, was daughter <>f Rev. Peter Baton and granddaughter <>f Kev. Bliah Stone, DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 213 of the American Tract Society, and later was in the paper business in San Francisco. He removed to Los Angeles and engaged in the book trade. In 1886 lie en- tered the United States Postal service. As inspector and auditor he became thoroughly acquainted with the needs of the service. He was appointed postmaster at Los Angeles in 1904 and held that position until March, 1910, when he resigned to take the position of vice-presi- dent of the Los Angeles Trust and Savings Bank. Mr. Flint has been active in the councils of various fraternal orders, in which he has held the highest offices. VIII. 84 MARLAND SMITH HEWES (Aaron 7\, Joel), born in North Reading, 16 Sept., 1846 ; married in Chicago, Celia Gertrude Warner, daughter of Alonzo and Ruth (Cooke) Warner. Mr. Hewes went to Chicago with his brother-in-law Mr. Flint, when quite a young man. After the great fire of 1871 he re- moved to St. Louis and later to Los Angeles. He was well known in the boot and shoe trade, being a member of a wholesale house in San Francisco. He lives in Berkeley. Mrs. Hewes has ex- ceptional talent, and takes an active part in educational matters. Child: 132 Mabel Warner, born 13 Feb., 1877; married 29 June. 1910, Henry Edmonds Chandler of San Francisco, prominent in real estate circles. They live in Oakland. Mrs. Chandler graduated from Mills College in 1897 with high honors, and for several years was president of the Alumnae Association. Child : Edmonds Hewes Chandler, born 26 July, 1912. VIII. 90 REV. GRANVILLE SHARP ABBOTT (Ruthe, Joel, John), born in North Reading, Mass., 27 Feb., 1837; died at Oakland, Calif., 22 Nov., 1897. He married 15 Oct., 1863, Sarah Hines Davis, born 4 Jan., 1840; died 4 Jan., 1909, daughter of Benjamin and Catherine F. Davis. Children: 133 Granville Davis Abbott, born in South Boston, 3 Feb., 1866; married 3 Dec, 1896, Florence, daughter of 2U DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES Joseph George 34 and Susan M. (Lincoln) Brackett. Children: Granville D. Abbott, born 12 Sept., 1897; Ruthe Abbott, born 30 July, 1900. Granville D. Ab- bott was fifteen years of age when his parents removed to San Francisco. He attended the San Francisco pub- lic schools and prepared for college at Wright's Private School at Oakland. Preferring a business career, he en- tered the employment of the Southern Pacific Railroad, in the office of General Superintendent A. N. Town. He was later assigned to the Salt Lake Division, whence he was promoted to the company offices at Oakland Pier, and became assistant to Mr. Wilder, superintend- ent of division. Here he remained until appointed superintendent of a narrow gauge road from Palisades to Eureka, which post he has held for the past twelve years. For several years he lived at Palisades, Nevada, but more recently at Piedmont, Calif. He is also inter- ested in various oil companies near Bakersfield. 134 Cart, Hewes Abbott, born in South Boston, 4 Aug., 1867. He attended the schools of San Francisco and Oakland, Calif., and prepared for college at Providence, R. I. He obtained his A. B. from Brown in 1888, and L. L. B. from Hastings College. He entered the law offices of George and William H. Sharp, and later that of Robert Fitzgerald, whose partner he now is. 3 35 Phillip Fanning Abbott, born in Watertown, Mass., 1 July, 1874. He was fitted for college at Mr. Moodey's school at Mount Herman, Mass., and graduated at Stan- ford University in 1898. During his college life he was president of the Glee Club. After graduation from Cooper Medical College, in 1900, he studied abroad. He was appointed surgeon for the Great Northern Railroad and associate surgeon of the copper mines controlled by the Guggenheims in Ely, Nevada. Before the fire he practiced in San Francisco and is now located in Oakland. Dr. and Mrs. Abbott were identified with the religious life of California to an unusual extent. Mr. Barnes, a lifelong friend, writes of t hem as follows : >*Mr. Joseph ('■. Bracketl was ;i resident of Oakland, Calif., but wis horn in Bo ton, s cousin df Gov. Bracketl <>f Massachusetts. Mrs. Brackett de- REV. GRANVILLE S. ABBOTT DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 215 " A prominent feature in the history of the Hewes family is their enthusiastic and unselfish labor in the cause of religion and humanity, and the grandmother and mother of Granville Abbott stand forth pre- eminent as practical and untiring workers. He inherited his love and ardor for that which is good, and it was but natural after fitting for college at Pierce Academy of Middleboro, Mass., in 1853-56, graduating with honors from Brown University in 1860, and from Newton Theological Seminary in 1863, that he should enter upon the Master's work immediately, and being ordained as a minister of the Baptist Church at South Boston, Mass., on September 4th, 1863, he commenced his first pastorate with that Church on that date. " At the beginning of his chosen life work, as stated, he married in October, Susan Hines Davis, and a coincidence worthy of note, is found, regarding the name of Davis, for on examining the genealogical record of the Tapleys, it is seen that ' Captain Jesse Taply, in 1788, married Eliza W. Davis, a sister of Rev. Gustavus S. Davis, a famous evangelist, who for many years was the pastor of the First Baptist Church of South Reading, Mass., and also of the First Baptist Church of Hartford, Conn.,' and who also ' found in his wife a true helpmeet, a woman endowed with all the Christian graces, of great energy, and loved by all who knew her.' These words can be honestly and truth- fully applied to the faithful and loving wife of Granville Abbott. " Together they started the journey of life, and really the history of one is almost the record of both. " He remained in South Boston, doing most efficient and successful work, until called to Watertown, Mass., October, 1869, where he labored with marked ability until April, 1876, at which time, by the kindness of his uncle, David Hewes, of San Francisco, he was privi- leged to experience that most joyous and valuable journey in the life of a Christian, namely, a visit to Egypt, Palestine, and the land of the Orient. " Returning from abroad to San Francisco, California, he was called to the Pioneer Church of that city, the First Baptist, in January, 1877, where he remained until invited to the First Baptist Church of Oak- land, in April, 1878, where for four years, until January, 1882, he was the loved pastor of this people. " His business and literary ability were of such a character as to demand that they be more extensively and generally employed, and he reluctantly gave up the pastorate to become the coast representative of the American Baptist Publication Society of Boston, which needed most imperatively at that time the many talents he possessed: energy scended from the Nottingham family of Virginia, and was a " relative of Abraham Lincoln." 216 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES and practical business knowledge, combined with literary ability and Christian fortitude. To work he unhesitatingly and unreservedly gave himself, bringing order and success out of uncertainty and almost previous failure. " In 1881, he originated and founded the Herald of Truth, a Bap- tist journal, inspiring, progressive, practical and useful, and for nine years made it a power for the Baptist cause on the Pacific Coast. His reputation as a writer was national; as an author of Sunday School literature none stood higher, while his contributions to the Bibliotheca Sacra evidenced the student and thinker, and attracted world wide attention. " Brown University and the University of California each honored him with the degree of Doctor of Divinity. "He was a member of the D. K. E. College Fraternity; of the Phi Beta Kappa Society; and a charter member of Adelphi Masonic Lodge of Boston. Student, author, writer, thinker, as he was, not only could he dig from the treasures of his resources and bring to light matters abstruse, so that the casual reader and hearer might un- derstand, but he also possessed a genial attribute of heart and mind which fascinated the young, and won the esteem of those with whom he came in contact. While his writings were of a character, generally, calling for prose, yet a poetic vein permeated his mind, which his class recognized, and selected him as their poet, and here and there, in the Herald of Truth, might now and then be seen, a gem of poesy, un- signed, but yet patent to those who knew him, that it was from his pen. " Having recorded his service, and meritorious honors won in public, there yet remain phases of the man which we cherish and honor far beyond any yet given: those of husband, father, friend. It was in the close and intimate associations of life that his intrinsic and innate wortli shone with the brilliancy of the morning star in the heavens; and only those who were privileged to visit this inner circle can have more than a casual idea of his loving nature. At his home, surrounded by liis family, the busy cares and anxieties of* daily toil laid aside for tin linn being, lie was a delightful host, his well stocked mind capable of always presenting something interesting t<> either old or young; familiar with painting, literature and music, enjoying that which was humorous as well as grand; always dignified, yet never supercilious or pedantic, who that has participated can ever forget a visit to the Abbotts at tlnir hospitable 1 le. One evening stands out in our memory never to he forgotten. Their uncle, David Hewes, had sent to tliein for transient care, his magnificent collection of paintings and statuary (now at Stanford (.'Diversity). With what delight they were DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 217 exhibited; their history and worth illustrated; their love and en- thusiasm, as this or that noted work of art was described. The pages of the past were opened ; the heroes of old — the master of ages gone — brought to view; and gratitude for the privilege of beholding permeated every heart. " It needs not to be recorded that when the Master called him home, his mortal remains were laid to rest in honor, and that every merited tribute which good men could pay by word or pen, was willingly and sincerely tendered, for such men do not die, they simply fade away. " As fades the morning star Which goes not down behind the darkening west, Nor hides itself Amid the dim obscurity of the coming storm But melts away into the light of Heaven." Of Mrs. Abbott, Mr. Barnes writes: "When a child, her parents removed to Providence, R. I., where she enjoyed the finest educational advantages, and there met her future husband, who was at that time a member of Brown University. When he graduated from the Newton Theological Institution they were married, and this loving, brilliant, enthusiastic Christian pair, hand in hand, commenced a career which has linked the names of Granville and Susan Abbott with honored and sacred recollections which will endure until time shall be no more. "Of her Rev. Dr. Vosburgh, of Oakland, said: 'The special de- mands made upon a minister's wife were regarded by her, not as burdens, but as opportunities. But more than this, Mrs. Abbott had a strong and impressive personality that made her a distinct force in every church of which she was a member, and in every community in which she lived. Her mind, naturally brilliant, had been disciplined by training and enriched by reading, reflection and refined associa- tions. Of her many-sided nature, two qualities may be emphasized: First, was her responsiveness. She saw the best, in nature, in litera- ture, in friendship, and in religion. Her nature was " tremblingly sensitive " to the finer movements of thought and the greater tend- encies of religious activity. Living in sincere fellowship with Christ, she saw the spiritual element everywhere. Second, was her restless- ness; not the restlessness of an unsteady will, but the restlessness of a Christlike spirit that cannot be at ease when there is important work to be done. Mrs. Abbott could never sit down contentedly and occupy a softly cushioned seat in society, but the spirit of the Master sent her forth upon ceaseless errands of mercy and helpfulness. Therefore it was given to her as to Thomas Arnold, " many to save with herself." She nobly fulfilled her mission in life.' 218 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES "An equally just tribute was paid by Rev. E. J. Abar, of Orange, who said: ' Our sister and friend possessed the essentials of a suc- cessful life to a marked degree. Rich in mind, having a strong men- tal grasp of the complex problems of life and the ability to put her thoughts into clear and forceful English; a brilliant conversationalist; rich in her heart, possessing a strong mother's love for her children, and a deep love for relatives and friends; a heart full of sympathy for the suffering and sorrowful; rich in soul, with an understanding of spiritual things and a right conception of revealed truth; rich in loyalty to self, a self-loyalty, not so much as bordering on selfishness, but a loyalty to others, and loyalty to Christ, who was her all-in-all.' Rich in heart, because God had renewed that mind early in life. Rich in heart because her heart had been surrendered to the Father. Rich in soul because God had opened her eyes that she might behold wondrous things out of His law. Rich in loyalty because she realized the meaning of the Master's words: ' If any one will be my disciple, let him take up his cross and follow me.' " An estimate of her character also appeared in the Oakland, Cali- fornia, Tribune, from which we quote: ' She was one of the most re- markable women of her time, and best known to many as the able President of the Oakland Red Cross, one of the most efficient officers the State had, in the critical time when the army was mobilized in the early days of the Spanish War; when thousands upon thousands of hungry soldiers were fed and clothed ; sent on their way comforted ; and in many cases their lives saved. Her Red Cross work has gone down into history as a remarkable chapter in the annals of the coast, for future generations to read; but another story is written in many hearts — the story of a brave, true woman, who has been for so many years so faithful and loyal a friend to many of us.' " After the decease of her husband, Mrs. Abbott made her home with her uncle, David Hewes, and for some months previous to her death had been residing at the large orange grove at Orange, Cali- fornia. Her funeral and interment were in Oakland. " The lives and labors of Granville and Susan Abbott were so similar and blended — their dispositions and desires, coupled with results, so intimate and harmonious, that words written of one suffiee for the other, in many, many respects. "Their gentle words nnri kindly speech Dispelled the gloom of others. Their u;iys through life f M 1 1 1 ( I ( • n , .Mass. Mr. Richards received education in the public schools of Mai- DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 221 den and later continued his studies for several years with an instructor of Harvard University, even after entering active busi- ness life. He has always been deeply interested in religious and charitable work. At seventeen years of age he became a member of the First Baptist Church of Maiden, and on becoming of age was chosen a trustee of that church, a position he held for twenty years, being a constant attendant and active participant in the church and Sunday school activities. He was instrumental in organizing a Young Men's Christian Association in Maiden in 1883, of which for twenty-one years he was a director, also serv- ing several terms as vice-president, but declined the office of presi- dent. He was one of the incorporators of the State Executive Committee and a member of that body for ten years. During a quarter of a century he has been influential in shaping the policy of the Y. M. C. A. in both District and State. His interest in civic affairs led him to take an active part in home politics — his first vote on becoming of age was cast at a town meeting called to accept a charter under which Maiden became a city. His strong personality and eager desire to have his city represent all that was good in civic government led to a demand from the citizens of Maiden that he should become a member of the munic- ipal government, and for four successive years he was elected a member of the City Council and was twice elected its president ; the first time over the strenuous opposition of the political ma- chine then dominating most branches of the city government ; the second time by a unanimous vote. He was nominated for school committeeman and although opposed by the " machine " element was elected for a three-year term by a large vote, and was re- elected to that position by the largest vote ever cast in the city. In the meantime he had found opportunity to advance the in- terests of the city and its inhabitants in many ways. About the same time that he organized the Y. M. C. A., he with two others organized a militia company which became known as the Maiden Rifles, being L company of the 5th regiment M. V. M. He is now vice-president of the Past Members Association. In 1905 he became president of the Boys' Club, an association of citizens which directed the industrial, physical and social work of hundreds of boys in Maiden, especially those less fortunately situated. This movement taking on a national character he be- 222 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES came one of the incorporators and a director of a national or- ganization with headquarters in Boston, and in 1911 was chosen head of a committee to make the Boys' Club movement of truly national extent, which resulted in the affiliation with the great philanthropic movements in New York and the adoption of a plan by which headquarters have been opened in that city. In many ways he has contributed to the welfare of the poor and the unfortunate : — he was an organizer of the Associated Charities of Maiden ; every summer for many years has person- ally arranged for visits of poor women to the seashore ; he is president of a society which annually gives a day's outing to 1200 poor, blind or crippled children, who are taken in 200 automobiles 25 miles into the country where they enjoy the delights of a beautiful grove and lake. In these and other ways he has made his life a benefit to others. His public spirit led to his selection as a reform candidate for mayor of Maiden, and his consequent election and reelection by increased majorities. One of his first steps after election as chief executive was the formation of a Board of Trade which has proved of great value to the city. He instituted practical meth- ods in the administration of the public affairs ; established a laboratory and did away with the disgraceful conditions attend- ing the milk industry ; brought about the completion of im- portant street improvements which had been dormant for years ; reorganized the fire department, and appointed a committee of business men to investigate and improve insurance methods ; he brought into touch with modern methods the administration of city finances, and effected a reduction of the tax rate which was becoming burdensome ; but perhaps the most important and far reaching of his policies was the reorganization of the School Department, giving the city the most efficient schools in its his- tory. Finding that it was necessary to give more attention to busi- ness, he had been identified with the Boston Rubber Shoe Com- pany for twenty-one years, he felt obliged to sever his political connections. He i> n<>\v at the head of the Buffalo Shoe Com- pany "ill) offices in Boston. He still finds time to serve as Trustee of the park bequeathed to Maiden and .'in adjoining municipality, to be president of the Civic Association, organized during his term as mayor, and to be DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES 223 a director in the New England Evangelistic Association and the Boston and Lakeshore Home in Sharon. He is a member of various social clubs and of Converse Lodge F. and A. M. Characteristic of Mr. Richards is his quick appreciation of men and methods. Some years ago when the Salvation Army was a novelty in this section, and before the value of its peculiar meth- ods had been fully demonstrated, the parades of the " army " were the cause of much excitement and no little opposition, which led to retaliation by rough sympathizers of " soldiers." In Mai- den an unusual condition had developed, arising in part through the determination of the leader of the Salvationists to parade in the streets in spite of police orders to the contrary. One memo- rable evening it was announced that the parade would be held, come what might, and that the police would be resisted. For several nights the streets had been the scene of turbulent gather- ings ; the Salvationist leader had been frequently arrested and affairs had reached such a condition that roughs from neighbor- ing cities congregated for the purpose of doing what mischief they could. On the night in question Mr. Richards, then a young man, happening on the street, discovered that the unruly element was not only bent on mischief but that many carried firearms and other weapons, and that there was an openly avowed inten- tion of attacking the police when they should carry out their orders to prevent the parade. Pushing his way into the crowded hall where the " soldiers " were gathered preparatory to attempt- ing the parade, Mr. Richards finally succeeded in persuading the leader to accompany him to City Hall for a conference with the Mayor. On the way they called upon and secured the presence of a valued adviser, a clergyman. By reason of the obstinacy of the " captain," the city officials adhering to their refusal to grant him a permit to parade, the conference was maintained so long that it was too late for the parade. Danger of the threat- ened riot was averted. A peaceful solution of the difficulty was obtained the following day. Commenting upon the affair the press united in describing the condition as most serious, and that " every law abiding citizen is glad the trouble ended without bloodshed, which doubtless might have been the result had the parade been held that night." That it was not, was due to Mr. Richards' instant appreciation of the seriousness of the situation, and his energetic initiative. 224 DESCENDANTS OF JOHN HEWES VIII. 104 FRANK O. HEWES (George TV., Elijah, John), born 3 Dec, 1857 ; married 23 Aug., 1882, at Big Rapids, Mich., Violetta Jerrietta Gingrich, born March, 1862, at Big Rap- ids, Mich., died 8 June, 1889, daughter of Amos Gingrich. He married, second, 11 Jan., 1892, Myrtle Langley, born 2 May, 1869, daughter of Morgan W. and Harriet O. Langley. Mr. Hewes is an electrician and lives in Cleveland, Ohio. Children: 138 Blanche Violetta, born 26 Dec, 1886, at Big Rapids; married 19 Dec, 1906, Edgar Appleton Brown of Reading, Mass., son of Henry Morton and Martha Har- ris (Appleton) Brown. By second marriage: 139 George Wellington, born 16 Feb., 1899, at Urbana, 111. 140 Clarence Frederick, born 28 Feb., 1903, at Warren, Ohio. VIII. 105 EMMA S. HEWES (George TV., Elijah, John), born 26 Sept., 1860; married 25 Oct., 1882, Eugene Stone Boardman, born 30 Nov., 1857, son of William Davis and Lucy Ellen (Newhall) Boardman of Saugus. They live in Reading. Mr. Boardman is with the Corey Leather Co. of Boston. Child: 141 Harold Hewes Boardman, born 8 Feb., 1887; married 12 Sept., 1908, Mildred Gowerd Chandler, born 22 Jan., 1888, daughter of Alfred Davis and Myra (Gow- erd) Chandler of Reading. VIII. 107 CHARLOTTE E. HEWES (George TV., Eli- jah, John), born 18 Aug., 1869; married 3 June, 1896. Fred- eeick William Allen, born 3 May, 1869, son of Frederick and Elizabeth Dean (Plummer) Allen of Gloucester. They live in Reading. Mr. Allen is treasurer of the New England Trust Co. of Boston. ( 'hildren: 1 l'l Gordon Hkwes Ai.i.i.x, born 5 Sept., 1897. 148 Laweence Waeeen Allen, born 13 Jan., 1900. 1 I \- Feedeeic W'ii.i.ia.m Allen, l><>ni 18 Sept., 1905. DAVID HEWES OF CALIFORNIA DAVID HEWES Painted in IS')', DAVID HEWES AN AUTOBIOGRAPHY I was the fifth and with the exception of a younger brother, Caleb, who died in infancy, the youngest son of Col. Joel Hewes. The death of my father in 1827 left my mother with the care of a family of eight children, of whom the eldest was nineteen, and the youngest three years of age. Every Sunday afternoon, before evening service, it was the custom to call the children into the long family room where, seated on a bench, we were taught the catechism by our mother, and every morning we all united in family worship. My mother had the improvement of her husband's estate as long as she remained a widow, in consideration of her support and education of the children during their minority. Two years after the death of her husband, Mrs. Hewes married, 19 April, 1829, Oliver Swain. Mr. Swain leased the Hewes farm until 1832, when he removed with his wife and the younger children to the Swain place near by. I was then ten years of age ; old enough in the opinion of Mr. Swain (following the custom of that time) to be set at tasks about the farm, which would bring ample com- pensation for my maintenance. Association with my step- father impressed me with the importance of work and industry ; I was obliged to rise early and perform work which was equal to two-thirds the work of a man. The Swain farm comprised 25 acres, chiefly heavy peat land. 1 Mr. Swain's position in the com- munity was excellent; he was justly considered a man of worth, and his attendance upon church was limited only by the facilities afforded. On the Sabbath, when possible he attended service twice and even three times. The children attended school at the Three Corners, near the Hewes farm, and my earliest recollections of my teachers are of the pleasantest. Miss Mary Ann Tucker, the first teacher I i A field opposite the house was entirely cleared of boulders and large stones through the efforts of David Hewes, and is to-day a monument of hii industry. — [Editor.] 225 226 DAVID HEWES remember, was succeeded by a Miss Richardson, who in turn was succeeded by William Rhodes of Lynn ; a young man, who boarded in the family. The scholars were drilled in the multiplication table, fractions and " The Rule of Three "; were instructed in reading, spelling and writing, and taught the Ten Commandments and the Lord's Prayer. Before and after school the chores were done. At that time it was the custom to improve the long evening hours of winter in some gainful occupation, in which I had my part. When about 14? years old I was given a small remunera- tion by Mr. Swain, and a holiday all my own. I did not spend this money foolishly, but the morning I received it I walked 12 or 1-i miles to Lowell to visit Gustavus, Fellows and George Tapley (my favorite cousins), and while at Lowell, I hired a horse and chaise, to go to Deerfield, N. H. (25 miles), to visit my favorite school teacher, Miss Mary Ann Tucker. 2 Soon after the marriage of Mrs. Hewes to Mr. Swain, her brother-in-law (Joshua Hewes) of Lynnfield, was appointed guardian for the five younger children ; Mary Ann, Ruthe, Charles Wesley, David, and Lucy Ann, as well as Aaron T., who then had reached the age of 19. The elder brother, Joel, had attained his majority, the elder sister had married. The appointment of Joshua Hewes as guardian, was dated Nov. 15, 1831, and his inventory of the estate of his wards showed that each was entitled to a one-eighth interest in the land at Lynn- field, consisting of 25 acres and the buildings thereon, and a similar interest in a lot of wood-land, near the other, a pasture bf 30 acres, and 8 acres of peat meadow. Each child's portion was inventoried at $198.12 1-2. At the age of fourteen years, I was " bound out " by my uncle and guardian, Joshua Hewes, to my brother-in-law, Benjamin Cox, Jr., who four years previously had married Mary Ann Hewes. According to articles of indenture, I was to receive $30 a year for clothing, board and lodging, and six weeks' schooling each year in return for my serv- ices until I was seventeen and one half years old, when I was t<> receive my freedom. The last year of my apprenticeship, Mr. Cox gave nie 12 weeks' schooling, in recognition of my faithful- '- Miss Tucker thought as much of the pupil, M the Latter of his teacher. Mr. Hewes has in his possession, with oilier cherished mementoes, a letter written by Mi ia linker, Hie "first letter he e\er received from a lady." DAVID HEWES 227 ness. During these years of my apprenticeship I had attended school at Lynnfield Centre, and my associations at the Centre led me to realize the value of, and to desire a higher and better educa- tion than it was possible to obtain in Lynnfield schools. At the end of my apprenticeship I had saved $15 from my clothing al- lowance. With this, and having agreed to work for my brother- in-law for board and tuition, I entered West Reading Academy, an institution of high local reputation, then conducted by Master John Batcheldor. For two years this arrangement was in vogue; certain hours before and after school being devoted to the farm work. West Reading Academy was two and one-half miles from the Cox farm. Although I was prepared for Phillips Academy at Andover, after consultation with my brother, I ac- cepted an offer made me by Mr. Allen Rowe, a prosperous mer- chant and shoe manufacturer of Stoneham, to become his clerk. I remained with Mr. Rowe four years. Mr. Rowe took consider- able interest in his new clerk, and through his good advice I was able to accumulate a little money from trading ventures in con- nection with my duties at the store. My compensation as clerk during the first two years was $12.50 a month, with board. This was afterward raised to $16, and at this rate I remained for two years longer, until I was of age. My life at Stoneham was busy and eventful. Mr. Rowe was a man of noble characteristics, a type of the successful, honorable merchant of his day, and my as- sociation with him did much to mould my future life as a business man. During the four years I was in his employ I had but limited opportunities for study, as my duties at the store de- manded my attention from early morning until late in the evening. The young men had organized a debating club, and of this I was elected president. Questions of the day were debated in open meetings to which the citizens of the town were invited. Sin- gularly enough, as it seems to me now, the great question before the country at that time was the Tariff. As a Club we subscribed for the leading papers and magazines in the country, which treated of topics of national interest. The views presented by Horace Greeley in the New York Tribune were especially inter- esting to me, and were as true then as they are now. I well re- member studying the tariff question between the hours of ten and twelve, at night, after being released from my duties in the store. I remember my enthusiasm in the Whig campaign, which took 228 DAVID HEAVES place while I was attending the Academy at Reading, and I greatly enjoj'ed singing with my companions such campaign songs as extolled Gen. Harrison, our candidate for president, and who was called the " National Hero," as he was the hero of the battle of Tippecanoe. There are few people even at the pres- ent day who are not familiar with the refrain " Tippecanoe and Tyler too." As my judgment matured I found myself even more strongly inclined to the Whig party, in the doctrines of which party I took as deep an interest at that time as I ever have since. While with Mr. Rowe I had one week vacation each year, which I spent, with my brother Charles, then a student at Brown University. I realized plainly the need and the object of a higher education than accorded by the limited school facilities I had so far enjoyed. Therefore I followed the advice of my brother Charles : to leave the store in which I worked, prepare for college, and get a college education, as I would then be better fitted to enter business life. Believing his advice to be wise and good, I left the store and entered the English Department of Phillips Academy at Andover in 1844, and was graduated in 1847. I look back to my preceptor, Samuel H. Taylor, a noted educator of young men, as a guiding star, whose grand influence went with me and helped form my character and stimulated me through life. His influence was supplemented by Theodore Woolsey, one of the noblest of Yale's presidents. In order to meet my expenses at Andover I undertook part of the care of the buildings of the Abbott Female Seminary, where I was engaged on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons as care- taker. During vacation I sawed wood for the boarding house, but always succeeded in obtaining a week's visit to my mother in Lynnfield. I recall vividly the faces of many of my classmates and fellow students at Andover. Among them were L. P. Fisher, later of San Francisco, Edward Buck, James Austin Gallup, and Charles W. Kendall, later a congressman from Maine, all of whom were later at Yale, George E. Jackson, Peter S. Bycrs, the class fa- vorite, George 0. Shattuck, Edwin B. Trumbull, Benjamin W. Harris. Another was Rev. George A. Moors, who later came to California.'' 8 Rev. George A. Moors wns pastor of the Congregational church at South Andover, his native place. Subsequently he was pastor of the First Con- ALLEN ROWE Born 1! Feb., 1789. Died ..' Dec, 1869 MRS. PHEBE I.YXDK HOWE Born .'/ March. 1798. I>i< evidence of in y faith in the building of the Pacific Railroad, five yean before the commencement of the building of the road, I had on my billhead .a picture which presented not only my works with steam shovels, cars, engines, etc., but also a view of the Sierra Nevada Mountains, the Truckee River, and a train of ears climbing the Sierras, <>n which appeared the name " At- lantic and Pacific Railroad." Also a moonlight scene, showing ,in Indi.in camp, and a train of passenger ears passing up the mountains. On the end of the last car was the note "A. & P. K. R." which meant Atlantic \m> PAI [PIC ftAILEOAD. In a cor- DAVID HEWES 249 ner of my billhead, I had the sentiment: " The Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, the Immediate Want of the Age and the /'topic of the United States." On the completion of the railroad, seeing that there wis no proper sentiment being expressed by the people of the Pacific Coast, and especially by the great mining industries of the terri- tories through which this railroad passed, it came to be my thought that the Central Pacific and Union Pacific should not be united except by a connecting link of silver rails. The two great roads, the Central Pacific and Union Pacific, connected the two great oceans which then and for all future time must carry the commerce of the world. As the road passed over the noted gold and silver belts, and was a matter of such national and local importance to our country and state, I thought that it would naturally create some sentiment among the rich men of the Comstock, who were shipping ton upon ton of silver cast in the shape of bricks. I felt hurt and mortified that there was no recognition being made of such a great event. At the last moment, I said, " There was one last thing to be done, a last tie and a last spike to be furnished before the great work can be finished." As an individual, I presented a gold spike and polished laurel tie, 12 with a silver shield, on which was inscribed as follows : " The last tie which unites in part, and helps complete the great road across the Continent." The spike bore the in- scription on four sides as follows; on one side: "The Central Pacific. Ground broken Jan. 8th, 1863 — Completed May 10, 1869." Another side: " Names of Directors: Hon. Leland Stan- ford, Charles Crocker, Mark Hopkins, E. H. Miller, Jr., C. P. Huntington, E. B. Crocker, A. P. Stanford, Charles Marsh," Another side: "Officers: Hon. Leland Stanford, President: C. P. Huntington, Vice-President; E. B. Crocker, Attorney; Charles Crocker, Superintendent; Mark Hopkins, Treasurer; E. H. Mil- ler, Jr., Sec. ; S. S. Montague, Chief Engineer ; S. C. Gray, Con- sulting Engineer. Presented by David Hewes of San Francisco." Another side, the sentiment : " May God continue the unity of Our 12 The tie, like the spike, was later replaced with more serviceable mate- rial, and was long kept in the office of the Southern Pacific Railroad at the corner of Fourth and Townsend Streets, where it was finally destroyed dur- ing the great fire. The railroad company was once offered $3,000 for the tie, the intention being to work the wood into souvenirs for sale. 250 DAVID HEWES Country as this Railroad unites the two great oceans of the world." Perhaps it is due to mention what lead to my giving a golden spike to complete the Central &: Union Pacific Railroads. When a boy at school, I remember reading of Wyeth's journey across the plains to Oregon. During my early residence in Sac- ramento I numbered among my acquaintance the leading men and early settlers, who were often called upon to extend relief to the early emigrants who came across the plains. The emi- grants were frequently attacked by Indians, and suffered from cholera and other sickness. These early acquaintances had of- ten been called upon to communicate with the emigrants and to forward provisions and other means to bring them across the mountains to the end of their long journey. We early felt the importance of an overland railroad, and this need was never for- gotten. The stage line early established was soon followed by the Overland Pony Express to bring the mail by horses across the country, and this eventually led to the beginning of the Overland Railroad. The act of Congress granted subsidies of land to the Central Pacific and also to the Union Pacific. General Fremont during his campaign aroused great enthusiasm among the people of the Pacific Coast, regardless of their political views, and it be- came of such national importance to the Government that both parties urged the early completion of the roads. The question of the railroad became of paramount importance to all of the questions of the day. Ground was broken for the Central Pacific road at Sacramento in 1862. The railroads, once begun, were pushed night and day with great energy. The shovel that turned the first spade of dirt is preserved in a glass jar in the Stanford museum as a memento of thai event, as is also the first shovelful of dirt, the silver hammer used in driving the golden spike, the golden spike and several souvenir rings made from a portion of I lie spike left for thai purpose. My Idling in regard to the road was so strong, that when solicited by The Pacific, a Congregational paper established in Sacramento in 1860, for an advertisement, I inserted as con- veying my sentiments regarding this railroad, the design above d( jcribed as being upon my billheads. It occupied a space of two Columns ill width and aboul six inches deep, and appeared five years before the Central Pacific was talked of. I often joked DAVID HEWES 251 my friends, saying they stole my thunder, and went on and built the railroad. As the road neared completion the people of San Francisco began making preparations for a suitable celebration of the event. I had hoped that the silver mining interests would contribute a pair of silver rails, sixteen feet long, to fill the last gap in the line and over which both engines should be run. Sena- tor Stanford's brother, E. P. Stanford, was appointed to act as Marshal of the occasion. He requested me to ask Leland, his brother, the President of the road, what signal he would send him when the road was completed. I conveyed to Senator Stan- ford his brother's request, and at the same time suggested to him the plan of attaching a wire to throw over the company's tele- graph line and thus connecting with the Golden Spike, and have it operate in some way like a telegraph instrument, so that sig- nals for the firing of heavy guns by electricity could be pro- duced. The blows of the hammer striking the spike would have acted as a telegraph operator's fingers do on the sending instru- ments. I consulted with officers of the Western Union Telegraph Co. as to the probability of being able to fire cannon by electric- ity, and of firing a national salute from Fort Point at the entrance of the Golden Gate, by this means. I also consulted with General Ord (commanding on the Pacific Coast) with regard to the matter. Gen. Ord obtained permission from Washington to connect the telegraph wires with the parapet guns in the fort at Fort Point. The Telegraph Company ran their wires about two miles to make a connection with the Fort, and a telegraphic operator was sent to take charge of the wires connected with the parapet guns. It w r as also in my mind to arrange with the Gov- ernment officers so that a National salute should be fired from cannons placed on Alcatraz Island, a fort in the harbor, as the officers there would quickly observe the flash of the gun on Fort Point. This National salute would give notice to the whole city and prove to be a national and worthy recognition of the great event of building these two roads. I remember that Secretary Seward, who came over the road to San Francisco in July, following the completion of the road, speaking from the balcony of the Occidental Hotel, predicted that there would be five great trans-continental railroads, and his prophecy has long since come time. It was to Secretary Seward that I presented a symbolic gold ring, made from the gold nugget 252 DAVID HEWES which I had moulded on the end of the spike, for the purpose of making souvenirs of the great event marking the completion of the road. The ring was made with two oval shaped emblems, one made of California gold quartz, and the other of quartz con- taining moss-agate, which was found in the Rocky Mountains ; the gold quartz representing the Central Pacific, and the moss- agate the Union Pacific. On presenting the Senator with this ring, he modestly pointed to his shirt bosom, saying, " Mr. Hewes, you see that I wear nothing but pearl buttons ; I have never in- dulged in any jewelry, but if you tell me this is made from a part of the gold spike which completed the roads which I have long hoped for and advocated, I pledge you, I shall always wear it." As at that time I was planning to visit Europe for medical ad- vice, he offered me letters to the various American ministers at the European Courts, which afterward proved of service to me. Secretary Seward expressed much concern for my health, and pressed me to write him as to my condition later. A year or two later my pleasure at meeting him in Paris, where he was accom- panied by his daughter, was much marred by his condition. Sad to say, his hands and arms were resting in a sling, having been paralyzed. The last railroad tie and the spike were taken up and replaced with an iron spike and common redwood tie. This tie required replacing very often, as visitors would cut chips from it with their knives, or kick up splinters with their shoes or hob-nail boots, and save them as souvenirs. T j) resented the gold spike to Gov. Stanford, as a compliment to tin Central Pacific Railroad, and after he had taken as much of the nugget as he required to make certain souvenirs, it was re- turned to me and by me eventually presented to the Stanford Mu- seum 'it the time my art collection found location there. In August following the completion of the road, after an ab- bi ace <>f twenty years, I visited my old home in Lvnnfield, Mass., and sought medical advice in Boston. When I returned to Cali- fornia in November, 1869, I was accompanied by relatives and friends, eighteen in number, some of whom became permanent residents of California. M v business cares were greatly increased on my return, as I bad undertaken the contract to grade the City Hall lot of seven- ton acres. Before I gave up my contracting business, I was DAVID HEWES 253 obliged to visit Europe. In August, 1870, I went to Vienna by the advice of my friend, that distinguished physician and surgeon, Dr. Levi C. Lane, who gave me letters of introduction to Prof. Billroth and Prof. Hebra for special treatment for a serious cutaneous trouble on my face. Although this seemed to be a type of epithelioma the treatment proved successful. It was a great disappointment to me to so soon leave my rel- atives, who had come by my advice to California with the hope in view of better prospects in a new country. Before my departure, considering the uncertainty of human life, I arranged with pru- dence and forethought my affairs. On my trip abroad I took my much esteemed nephew, Rev. G. S. Abbott, his mother my favorite sister, and his father. I also took my brother Charles, who had been suffering for a year or two from nervous breakdown, brought on by the cares of the school he had so ably managed for nine years. Dr. Abbott was only able to spend his three months' vacation with us, as his church work required his return. My sister and brother-in-law remained with me the best part of the year, when they were also obliged to return home. After recovering my health I spent part of the year in traveling, visiting twenty or more important provinces and countries of the continent as well as England, Wales, and Scotland. I returned to California in February of 1872, and turned my attention to improving my property. I also assisted many friends in various callings and business pursuits which they had embarked in. In 1874 I became interested in the Seattle Coal Company, and having a majority of the stock outstanding, deemed it best to give the mining operations as much of my attention as though I was sole owner. I spent the last half of that year at the mine 13 and constructed and reconstructed a line of rail from the is The following description of this property may prove of interest to the reader. The clipping is from a newspaper of 1874. under the head of Seattle Correspondence : " The mines of the Seattle Coal Company at the present time demand more than a passing notice. They embrace some thousand acres of coal land, with veins of varying thickness running through it, two of which are open and a third in part. The improved transportation facilities are now com- pleted, or nearly so, under the direction of David Hewes, who has during the last Summer performed a herculean task, and has done it well. Ample bunker room at the mines, with all necessary and desirable screens and fa- cilities, have been provided; three and a half miles of track from the mines to the Lake have been laid, with T rail, with good grades, curves, turn- 254 DAVID HEAVES mine to Lake Washington. This construction work included building of tramways, a barge to carry the coal, a railway across the isthmus between Lakes Union and Washington, and facilities for loading steamships. I found my associates unwilling and un- able to carry on their share of the undertaking. I did not relish association with men who were unwilling to leave matters in my hands, although looking to me to develop the property. Also I discovered that during my absence certain unfair con- tracts had been made, concerning mining and freighting the coal, which would have left no profit. Therefore I offered to sell out at what my investment stood me, and did so. Before the trans- action was completed the control of the property passed to the Villard interests in the Northern Pacific Railroad. These in- terests attempted to " freeze out " the minority shareholders who, however, from a beneficent provision of the California statutes, were protected, and received compensation equal to what the ma- jority interest had cost. This was one of the most trying expe- riences of my life, as my investment was large and the management of affairs was not wholly satisfactory to me. The mines have since been operated by the Northern Pacific Company. Early in the spring of 1865, Mrs. Matilda C. Gray and her daughter visited the Pacific Coast for a part of the year. The acquaintance I then made ripened into a very great friendship and culminated in our engagement and marriage. We were mar- tables, sidetracks, and switches whenever needed, and an engine placed there, and now in readiness for work. The cars are run down an incline to the Lake, and conveyed across on the steamer Chehalis, to the putage so called, at which place they are taken from the steamer, by another engine and drawn across the portage, and upon the steamer Lina C. Gray, and by it cars and engine taken across Lake Union and. by the engine mentioned, the cars an- taken to the chute at Seattle. When vessels are ready, the coal is deposited in them fr the same cars that left the mines. The entire track is Iron rail, and the appointments are such that one hundred and fifty tons per day can be readily taken to tide water, and double that amount when the contemplated steamer is dune. Mr. Hewes deserves credit for his un- tiring perseverance In carrying through the transportation improvement work committed to him by the company. When he shall render his account, they will lie compelled to pronounce tin- verdict well done. The Seattle mines are now a success. An experienced Superintendent, Mr. Jones of Pennsylvania, has arrived, and is commencing the work of setting the concern in operation from one r\\A to the other. Life, activity and promise prevail. "Ill, tlentOIl Coal mines may also be pr need a success. The new beamer for towing all necessary barges is already afloat, and will soon do all necessary service it) the li n<- of water transportation. Mr. Shattuck, with hi, u uai tut and quiel perseverance, is carrying everything forward to suc- ,1 completion." DAVID HEWES 255 ried at Saratoga Springs, in 1875, by Rev. G. S. Abbott. We began our wedding trip by sailing down the Hudson. We visited the Catskills and West Point and other places of in- terest on our way to New York, where we were entertained by friends, both in New York and Brooklyn, which had been my wife's residence for many years. Thence, in company with my wife's daughter and sister Rosa, we toured England, inspect ing many places of interest. We passed from England to the Conti- nent, visiting the most prominent cities and places of twenty-two different countries, seeking rest and health for Mrs. Hewes. On this, my second, tour to Europe we took notes of such objects of artistic value which Ave thought we might like to purchase be- fore our return. At that time we visited Egypt, Palestine, Greece and Italy, and on our return from those places had planned to spend the winter in the south of France. Mrs. Hewes' suggestion that I could improve my time better than spending it quietly at some resort, had led me, while in Jerusalem, to invite Dr. Abbott to join me. Dr. Abbott for seven years had prepared the Bap- tist National Sunday School Question Book. I wrote to Dr. Abbott that if he would resign his pastorate and come for rest and study for a year I would pay his expenses. I extended this invitation to him in the early spring, and he came over in Decem- ber. We made the trip up the Nile, visited Jerusalem and its environment, the Dead Sea, Jordan, and all the celebrated and sacred places, including a journey to Galilee and Damascus. Important members of our party were the distinguished Biblical scholar, Dr. Philip Schaff and Mrs. Schaff, the latter remaining under my charge while her husband journeyed into the desert. Dr. Schaff was president of the American Committee for the re- vision of the Authorized Version of the Bible. I have always felt that this visit to the East, during which we traversed so large a portion of the countries so closely associated with the Bible narratives, was one of the most important and interesting periods of my life. Such accomplished Biblical students as Dr. Schaff and Dr. Abbott made the journey so instructive that my apprecia- tion and understanding of the sacred writings could not but be greatly stimulated and broadened. This journey afforded Dr. Abbott constant inspiration, and during his after life it was fre- quently referred to by him. At the conclusion of our travels in the Holy Land, we took 2,56 DAVID HEWES the steamer at Sidon for Alexandria, thence proceeded to Brindisi, and by way of Genoa, Naples, and other Italian cities to Mentone where my wife was staying. On this trip I collected many works of art, as I did also while visiting the Carrara Mountains, where we selected some choice statuary. At the time of my second mar- riage I presented this collection to my wife as a wedding gift, with the request that she would bequeath it to the Stanford Museum as a memorial to her and myself. On our return from Europe in the fall of 1877 we settled in Oakland, where we continued until June, 1881. Both Mrs. Hewes and her daughter were highly gifted ladies, and our home, because of their interest in such matters and our collections, became the meeting place of the two French sections of the Ebell Society, devoted to the study of art and literature. When, in 1879, the City Council of Oakland entertained President Hayes, the Presi- dent and Mrs. Hayes were the guests of the Ebell Society which selected our home to entertain them. President Hayes was the first President of the United States to visit the Pacific Coast, and Mrs. Hayes was pleased to tell us that she had never been more graciously entertained. Not long after, General Grant, returning from his tour of the world, visited San Francisco and Oakland. His ship was met at dusk by a fleet of brilliantly illumi- nated vessels which escorted him through the Golden Gate. Both cities vied in doing him honor, and San Francisco was gor- geously illuminated. At Oakland the schools were closed and thousands of school children, dressed in white, strewed the way with flowers for him to ride and walk over. The scene was most impressive and beautiful. The city council, chamber of com- merce, and other associations entertained him after a great public reception and dinner at the Tubbs Hotel. During "in- residence in Oakland I was invited to stand for election to the Oakland Council, and at first declined. The bet- ter judgment of my wife, who thought it my duty as a citizen to do mv pari toward helping make good laws and preserving good order tor the people among whom I lived, influenced me to accept t he nominal ion. I u.i> elected, and appointed chairman of the Judiciary Com- mittee. At thai time the validity of the title to the water front was ill dispute. The Southern Pacific in its earliest days had located there, having acquired a title by legislative act and the AWAKI) TO DAVID HEWES (l I OH ONI. ABMIShlOIV 1 J ■ : C-14 Stanford University Museum is :m ,i\ unci- used by Gladstone, together with chips which fell from it. Mr. Hewes has other Interesting mementoes of the great statesman, of whom be i Incere •■uimirrr. e Introduction, DAVID HEWES 263 Owsa Gwynedd, prince of North Wales, who died in 1170) \sho was founder of the noble tribe of Wales from whom the English lines take descent." Our home in San Francisco was at the corner of Van Ness and Pacific Avenues, where Mrs. Hewes had lived since her mother's death, which took place in Albany, N. Y. With us lived mv irife's brother, Mr. Charles G. Lathrop, whose motherless daughter, Jennie Stanford Lathrop, was the light and joy of our home. After the death of Mrs. Hewes her niece became a member of her aunt Stanford's family, and by her was educated at the convent in San Jose, and after her marriage to Mr. Walter C. R. Watson came to reside in Los Angeles. Mrs. Hewes' health began to fail about the time of the dedication of Leland Stanford, Jr., L'ni- versity, and she passed away at San Francisco 2 Aug., 1892, during the absence of her sister in Europe. It was always Mrs. Hewes' desire that she might be laid beside her mother, father, and brother in the Albany Cemetery. After her mother's death in Albany, several years before our mar- riage, she visited her mother's grave daily, and seemed so grieved and heart-broken as to alarm her friends. It was while at her mother's grave on our way to Europe that she asked me if I would be willing for her to be laid there. When she passed away I took her remains to Albany and placed her to rest beside her loved ones on Aug. 16, 1892, on the anniversary of which day I have provided that her grave should be decorated with a mat of flowers. I have also made similar provision in loving memory of my first wife, who lies in the Greenwood Cemetery on Long Island. I passed the summer and fall of 1892 in the East, mainly oc- cupied in visiting historic sites and scenes of my youth. At this time I attended the funeral of the poet Whittier. The re- union of the Tapley family was held in November, 1892. As this was my mother's family, I took great interest in the compilation of the genealogy of the family, and had the Tapley tomb at Lynnfield restored. At this time I also began collecting mate- rials for a genealogy of my branch of the Hewes family, a sub- ject which has always appealed to me. In 1897, I went to Los Angeles to live, and becoming interested in real estate there erected what was known as the Hewes Mar- ket. I now own all but a few feet of the entire block in which 261 DAVID HEWES it is situated, between Eight and Ninth and Santee and Los Angeles streets. Soon after 1900 I came to the ranch to live, and added a large wing to my ranch house in 1907. In the meantime the earth- quake had destroyed San Francisco. I heard of the loss of my buildings in San Francisco at the ranch and immediately wired to my relatives East, who I feared might think I was in San Francisco : " Safe ; destroyed to-day, build to-morrow," and immediately began to plan how to place upon my lot a building which should be a credit to the city. This building I have already described. It was completed in July, 1909, although occupied in part prior to that date. The upper seven stories were leased by the city as quarters for the administration of those departments rendered homeless by the destruction of the City Hall in 1906. EXPLANATION OF THE PLAN OF ANAPAUMA Explanation of the Plan of Anapauma Twenty years ago, before the selection of Whittier as headquarters for the Society of Friends in Southern California, those interested in the establish- ment of a colony of Friends selected as a desirable site, a tract of land north of and adjoining the ranch owned by Mr. David Hewes. Tins proposed town was called El Modena and several families settled there; in consequence of which Mr. Hewes donated land for school play- grounds, and presented a bell to the meeting-house, as well as in other ways manifesting his interest in the project. Because of the anticipated establishment of a community of such character as the proposed settlement woidd be, Mr. Hewes conceived the project of subdividing his large estate and erecting or encouraging the erection of a hotel on what has since become well-known as Hewes' Hill. The plan herewith shown was made at that time and is very instructive as showing what had been accomplished by Mr. Hewes in 189:2 toward the development of a fruit ranch, and, by comparison, what has been the result of his labors since that date. El Modena and Esplanade Avenues shown on the plan have been included in the private grounds of the owner. Hewes Avenue is now known as Hewes Boulevard, and extends by the reservoir to a junction with the road marked on the plan as Esplanade Avenue. The acreage devoted to the miscellaneous fruits has been converted to orange and lemon culture. To-day the ranch consists of 7-20 acres, developed as an entirety, nearly the whole acreage being set out to citrus fruits. There are a few acres remaining in olives, and some acres devoted to raising fodder for ranch use. The rest of the ranch forms one immense grove of oranges and lemons. Where the farm buildings are shown on the plan are the quarters for part of the employees, the main ranch offices, stables, and the residence of the owner, a comfortable, roomy, artistic ranch house with all modern conven- iences. Pictures of the ranch house and of the gardens on the hill arc shown elsewhere in this volume. Mr. Hewes long ago abandoned the project of subdividing this ranch, say- ing that he would preserve it intact, as the beautiful hill and surroundings were an ideal location for the home of some cultured man of wealth, who would appreciate the ownership of so large and beautiful an estate, which was also a good paying investment. Such is the proximity of Anapauma to Orange and to Los Angeles, and such is the permanenl value of these lands with unequaled water privileges from canal irrigation from the mountain watersheds and from driven wells, and such is the attractiveness of the well-kepi roads, bordered with eucalyptus trees, that the owner can well take the satisfaction and pride in the ranch thai be does. To \isit Anapauma is to sympathize with the owner's desire thai the property should !><• kepi intacl for generations to come, and thai his successor in proprietorship will receive the same satisfaction ,ind en- joyment from the property thai he has had. ;; ft ' Anapauma i -■---■"■--------------•-----------------------.---•-.-.-------------.■ (PLACE < >F REST) ADJOINING EL MODENA Near Orange, Orange County, California This folder contains a full description of a lovely spot in the foothills of Santa Ana Valley, Southern California CONTAINING 820 ACRES Mure than half of which is planted to a variety of Fruits : Oranges Walnuts Prunes Olives Pears Apricots Raisin Grapes In bearing condition ; also 50,000Orange and Lemon (budded stock) All beautifully laid out in Avenues with Shade Trees Two - Complete - Water - Systems One for Irrigation, the other for Domestic Purposes. RAILWAY STATION ON THE PREMISES I ; This Prospectus contains Maps, Testimonials, Location and Complete Inventory and De- scription of the Property. For further particulars as to disposition, and prices and terms of sale, for homes in Anapai'.ma, apply to (This prospectus was issued in 1892 ; since which time the plans of the owner have changed. It is now republished simply as a matter of interest.) % z -+6 ■/c^esQ V Subdivision Map ANAPAUMA Shouting the FRUIT LiANDS of DAVI D H E\Y ES LOCATED IN ORANGE COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Containing 820 Aeres se land* are especially adapted to the Orange, i. Prune, Pear, Peach, Apricot. Walnut, Olive /and the Raisin Crape, etc, u ahowo bf iru; various All Oranges are Navels and Mediterranean Sweets. .U Grape* a/e Muscatel, for Raisins or Table uae. led in the Nievei Lopei de Pentta. Ramona Yorba and A. B. Chapman Tracti or the Raocho Santiago de Santa Ana. All distances and areas of loti are calculated to the . H. FINLEV. County Sun PLAT OF HEWES ADDITION TO EL MODENA 4 'S j fi i 6 • ■ *]l« J -' : i |«»« HO } : a * : ■ « ,■:. ■ a M ■ u tl 9 n ■ 7 : fl -■ i lL^_ ■ ; 3 ¥1 j 3 J Z § CO i i d 1 cd is I c < u o - * I 1 1 1 -i ref o CM ©J || B 5 J -S J «iO " ' "l lit 1 i I § •§ f r ' ■ I 1 3 R 2 ! I ; j ,; - ;, fil i ■; - a S lit = = -, f-=-,s '.« s. ( 1 k? OF THE OF SOVTMERK CALIFORNIA 7H£ LOCftT/OH OF\ £S" FRUIT RAN JOSEPH HEWES, A SIGNER OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " Mr. Dexter H. Walker of Jamaica, N. Y., devoted much time and labor to proving the ancestry of Joseph Hewes. The results of his researches were systematically arranged and a limited num- ber of copies prepared for private distribution but which were not printed. Mr. Walker placed his manuscript and notes at the disposal of Mr. David Hewes, and so much of it as can prop- erly be inserted in this volume is presented below. The life of Joseph Hewes has never been adequately written, but there have appeared brief sketches, 1 each relating to some part of his life and activities not dwelt upon so fully by the others. Besides the account prepared by Mr. Walker, there has been reprinted the sketch in Volume VII of the Biography of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence, and Prof. Sikes' article in Vol. IV, No. 5, North Carolina Booklet. Also, later investigations have enabled slight additions to be made to Mr. Walker's genealogy of the family, thereby inserting an additional generation between Joseph and his emigrant ancestor William. With those excep- tions, and a few minor changes, although some transpositions of the material found in Mr. Walker's manuscript have been made, the genealogy 2 as given closely follows that authority. i See also A Biography of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence, hy L. Carroll Judson, Philadelphia, 1839, and Biographical Sketches of Sign- ers of Declaration of Independence, by B. T. Lossing, 1854. Lossing omits the unverified statement of the earlier biographer regarding the history of the Signer's ancestry, but committed himself to the Connecticut origin, since dis- proved by Mr. Walker. 2 In default of definite information the following abstracts from Salem, N. J., probate records are placed here rather than in their probable place in the genealogy. JOHN HEWES of Mannington precinct, Salem County, yeoman. Will proved 24 March, 1714-5. To wife Martha, and sons John and Jonathan. To Catherine Browen and William Buckley. Farm called Rich Neckland on Mill Creek in Salem County. Wife and Bartholomew Wiatt executors. Book 1, p. 538. JEDEDIAH HUGHES of Cape May county. Will proved 18 Feb., 1714-5. Brother John Hughes executor. Brothers Humphrey, Constant, John, and cousin Martha Hughes. Book 1 :504. THOMAS HUGHES (HUSE) of Gloucester countv, innkeeper. Will 265 266 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " A search of the Friends' Records preserved at the general depositor}' at Devonshire House, London, failed to disclose Wil- liam Hewes connected with the London or Middlesex societies of Friends 2 * as early as 1675. It is thought, and with reasonable probability, that William Hewes may have been of the same stock as the New England emigrant. Until Mr. Walker's researches established his descent from William Hewes of New Jersey, it was supposed that Joseph Hewes, the signer, was of Connecticut ori- gin. This tradition of New England origin goes back at least to a time when contemporaries of Joseph Hewes were living. A knowledge of relationship may have existed in early days, but no record evidence substantiating such a claim has been found. I. 1 WILLIAM HEWES, ancestor of the " Signer," and wife Deborah came to America about 1674-5. William Hewes, or as the name was sometimes spelled Hughes, lived in the parish of Shadwell, 2b London, and was a cooper. He was a subscriber to the " Delaware Lands," a company organized by John Fenwick, to whom William Penn had granted large tracts of land in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Before leaving England, he arranged with Fenwick to take up certain portions of the latter's lands, locating 500 acres on Cohansey or Alloways Creek, in Salem County, N. J., the deed for which was filed at Salem in 1674-5 (see Salem County Records, Book I, p. 36, also N. J. Archives, Vol. I, p. 414). By some it is claimed that he came in one of Penn's first ships in 1684. It is possible that he came with Fen- wick in 1674-5, but his name does not appear in the list. It is also possible that he " located " before leaving England, sending proved 27 Nov., 1723. Legacy to kinsman George Barber. To wife all other estate. Administration wns granted to Elizabeth, widow of Thomas Hughes. Book 2:255. See Calendar of Wills, New Jersey Archives, vol. 23. 2a Baptismal records from Kill, Marriage records from 1657, and Burials from [661 to 1675 were examined for London and Middlesex Meetings. The following burials were found: I li/.ilieth Hewes, living in St. Giles in the Fields, died 8 Oct., 1661, in childbed. Mar\ Hewes died SI Aug., 1665, lived in Headman's Place, Soutliwark. Both the above were buried in Bunhill Fields. Elizabeth Hewes, living in SI. Saviour's, Soutliwark, daughter of John Hue, (sic), died I (let., 1665. John Hewes of St. Saviour's, Soutliwark, died IS Oct., 1665. Both the above Were buried in Soutliwark. Mary Hewes died u Sept., 1670, aged six, daughter of John Hewes. Mary Hewes died SO Sept., 1674, aged H, wife Of John Hewes, farrier, living in Chick lane. Both the above buried In Chequer Alley. 2i' The parish register of St. Paul's, Shadwell, does nol commence until 1680. JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 267 the deeds to Salem for registration in 167-4-5. Be this as it may, in 1678-9 he purchased land at or near Marcus' Hook, from Roger Pedrick, and settled there, on the west side of Delaware- River. This date should probably be June 24, 1679. His name appears as juror at the first court held under Penn's Govern- ment. He was a Friend, a member of that Society, and a founder of Chichester Meetings (sec Geo. Smith's History of Delaware County, Pennsylvania, page 468). In the Quaker community, we first hear of William Hewes with John Bezar and John Harding as being present at " the fearst Monthly Meeting held by Friends at Chichester, Penn, on ye 17th of first month in ye year 1684." The name of his wife Deborah appears as a consenting party to transfer of certain parcels of land in Salem County, N. J., as late as December, 1687 (Salem Co. Records 1, Dec. 2, 1687). It is very probable that between 1674 and 1684 Friends were so few in the neighborhood that no regular meetings were held until 1684, when they were organized at Chichester. Even at the latter date the meetings were held alternately at different places, at Chichester and Concord, Pennsylvania, at Robert Piles' house at Bethel (page 159), at Pearce's house in Thornberry (p. 165), and at all these William Hewes was a regular attendant. The settlement was in fact so small that finally it was ordered " on account of the thinness of our Monthly Meetings they be held at Concord, Pennsylvania " (Concord, Pa., records of Friends' Monthly Meetings, page 150). On 12 Oct., 1687, at Chichester Monthly Meeting (which ap- pears to have been resumed) William Hewes " produced a Serti- ficate signifing his truth-Like life" (Concord Records). He continued to attend these meetings and we find him at Pearce's as late as Oct. 9th, 1690 (Ibid., p. 165). In addition to land already purchased, he on Aug. 9, 1686, with his wife Deborah obtained a parcel on Auldman's Creek (be- ing part of 300 acres granted by Penn to either Fenwick or John Stanbank on 22 Aug., 1683) (Salem Records 3, page 253). It also appears that on 2 Dec, 1687, he, with his wife Deborah's " special consent " sold the first 500 acres located by him. He was then described as being " of Chichester Co." (Salem Rec- ord 3, p. 258.) William Hewes died in 1698. On the 12 Oct. of that year ad- ministration was granted on his estate in Salem County, to his 268 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " son and heir William Hewes. An inventory was presented 19 Oct., disclosing a farm on Ouldman's Creek, valued at £20 and personalty of £3-12-00. In the probate act he is described as of Chittester county, Pa., cooper (Salem Wills 3:28). There is no list of his children, those ascribed to him by Mr. Walker were children, so far as known, of his son William. Child: 2+ William, son and heir. II. 2 WILLIAM HEWES (William) succeeded his father at Ouldman's Creek, and like him belonged to the society of Friends. He married, 1689, Sarah Bezer, daughter of Edward Bezer (Carter Memorial). For account of the wedding and pro- ceedings see Martin's " History of Chester," page 406. He left a will dated 7-2 mo., 1733, proved 22 May following, in which he bequeathed to wife Sarah, and daughter Ruth the bed she lies on, all furniture, and £15. To son Thomas, his riding coat, son Edward, tools, dwelling house, and plantation adjoining James, with a strip taken from the land " I bought of James Logan, 210 acres," son Thomas, " the rest of land bought of Logan, 194 acres, where he now lives, adjoining Edward's land " (Salem Wills, 3:320). C h ildren : 3 William. According to the Carter Memorial he had, be- sides other children, a son John, born 1716, who died early in 1759, leaving widow Mary (daughter of Barnard), daughter Christiana (married Elisha Dick), and Jacob, born 1752; died 1795; who married Rachel Perkins and Esther Pvle. John was a tanner and lived in Chichester township. He was a Friend. A record of his descendants will be found in the Carter Memorial. 4 Sarah. 5 Moses. 6 Ruth, named in her father's will. 7 Deborah, "Deborah Hughs and Zacheus Dunn were pres- ent at second passing 24 Feb., L728." 8 Edward, named in his father's will. Married in 1721 Han Salem, N. J., Monthly Meeting. JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 269 nah Abbott, and in 1733 Hannah Bakbes. His will, dated 5-10mo., 1739, was proved 8 June, 1741. Son Elihu when 14 to be bound out to brother Aaron Hewes, son Benjamin to be bound out to brother Joseph Hewes. He was of Ouldman's Creek. Children, by rcife Han- nah: 8 Elihu, born 16-llmo., 1725. Tabitha, born 29-7mo., 1727. Benjamin, born 17-12mo., 1728. Han- nah, named in father's will. 9 James, married 1736, Jane Lodge, and 1740, Elizabeth Huggixs. 3 The only child by first marriage was, Jane, born 9 Aug., 1737. :; By second wife he had: 3 Susanna, born 18-5mo., 1741. James, born 26-9mo., 1743. Jemima, born 24-1 lmo., 1745-6. 10 Thomas, of Ouldman's Creek: died 1735, leaving will proved 26 March, in which he names brother Edward Hewes, wife Mary, children Joseph, Thomas, and a daughter, unnamed, under 25 (Salem Wills 4:28). He made ac- knowledgment for taking his wife " out of meeting." 11+ Aaron, not named in father's will, but named in brother Edward's will : born 1700 ; died 1735. 12 Joseph, born 1709: married early in 1733, Anxe Worth. A certificate was granted 5 May, 1737, for himself and wife to remove to the verge of Center Monthly Meetings, Chester county, Pennsylvania. He is called son of " Wil- liam Hewes deceased." 4 III. 11 AARON HEWES {William, William) born in 1700; died 17 July, 1753, and was buried in the Friends' Bury- ing-ground in Philadelphia. The following abstracts from ex- tracts from Chesterfield, N. J., monthly meeting records give his marriage 5 and children. " At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at their Meeting House in Chesterfield the 4th of the 3 mo., 1727. " Aaron Hews and Providence Worth, 6 daughter of Joseph Worth, late deceased, declared their intention of taking each 3 Salem, X. J., Monthly Meeting. 4 Chesterfield Monthly Meeting. s First book of Minutes, pp. 236-8. 6 Children of Joseph and Sarah (Giles) Worth: All except the two elder born at Stony Brook: Mary, born Dec. 22, 1695, at Piscattaway, X. J. Giles, born Dec. 10, 1697, at Piscattaway", X. J. Sarah, born March 18, 1700; died about June, 1783. 270 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " other in marriage; he produced a Certificate from the Monthly Meeting of Friends at Chichester and Concord in Pennsylvania and also from under the Hands of his parents, declaring their Consent thereto and his Mother appearing here Signifying her consent. Whereupon Friends refer the consideration thereof un- till our next Monthly meeting." " At the Monthly Meeting of Friends held at their Meeting House in Chesterfield the 4th of the 3 mo., 1727. " Aaron Hewes and Providence Worth being presented and Friends finding them to continue of the same minde & things ap- pearing clear so far as we know of anything that would obstruct their proceedings they have liberty to accomplish their said mar- riage according to the good order used among Friends and ap- point our Friends Samuel Large and Thoma Combs to take care at the marriage and give account to our next Monthly Meeting." " At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at their Meeting House in Chesterfield the 1st of the 4th mo., 1727. " Some Friends appointed to oversee at the marriages that were past at our last Monthly Meeting, Report that ' they ob- served nothing but what was orderly.' " " At a Monthly Meeting of the Friends held at their Meeting House in Chesterfield (N. J.) the 3rd day of ye mo. 2, 1746: " Nathaniel Allen of Philadelphia, and Sarah Hews appeared at this Meeting and declared their intention of marriage — it being the first time the said Nathaniel Allen brought a Certifi- cate from the Monthly Meeting at Philadelphia, which was ap- Joseph, born Jan. 10, 1702; died Sept. 16, 1729. Providence, born April 16, 1704; died Sept. 19, 1788. Elizahkth, born May 13, 1706. \vnk. horn May 2\, 1708. Benjamin, born May 24, 1710; died July 12, 1711. James, born May 16, 1712. SAMUEL, bom May LI, 1714; died May 27, 1794. I'iisii.a, wife <>f Samuel; died Dee. 16, 1805. \V i i.i.i am, born April Ifi, 1716. Joseph Worth (the father) died July 80, ITS W. Sarah (Giles) Worth (the mother) died Feby. 4, 1769, and was buried al Stony Brook, N. J. (Records Chesterfield, N. .i.. Monthly Meetings of Friends, page 25.) James Giles, married Elizabeth [ I who came from England, settled at Bound Brook, Piscattaway, Middlesex Co., \. .]., in 1689, and died there (Family Record). He was ma jot of the tones of that county and on Dee. :{, 1683) ordered to raise a trained Company. Hi' was a Justice of the Peace March 14, 1686, and again March '<>. n;*s (Concessions and Acts of the As- Bembly). Their daughter Sarah married Joseph Worth, father of Anne and Providence Worth. JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 271 proved by said Meeting, and also his father's consent in writing." "At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at their .Milling House in Chesterfield, the first day of the 3rd month, 1740: " Nathaniel Allen and Sarah Hews the second time appeared and declared they continued their intentions of marriage. Nothing appearing to obstruct, this Meeting gives them liberty to accomplish the same according to good order, and appoints James Clark and John Clark to attend the marriage." " At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at their Meeting House in Chesterfield the first day of the 4" mo., 1746 " The Friends appointed to attend the marriage of Nathaniel Allen and Sarah Hews, not being here, this Meeting have no ac- count of the said marriage." " At a Monthly Meeting of Friends held at their Meeting House at Chesterfield the 3rd day of the 5th mo., 1746, The Friends appointed to attend the marriage of Nathaniel Allen report it was orderly." (Ibid., Vol. 2, pp. 93-94.) Abstract of Will of Aaron Hewes. Be it Remembered that I, Aaron Hewes of the County of Sum- merset and Province of East New Jersey, being indisposed of Body, but of Sound Disposing Mind and Memory, thanks be given to God therefore calling to minde the Mortality of my Body and Knowing it is Appointed for all Men once to Dye, do Make and Ordain this My last Will and Testament in the following manner and form that is to Say, Principally and first of all I Give and Recommend my Soul to God that Gave it and my Body I commit to the Earth to be decently burey'd at the discretion of my Executors hereafter named. And as Touching Such Worldly Estates wherewith it hath pleased God to bless me in this Life, I Give and Dispose of the same in the following manner and form Viz: first My Will is that my Just Debts and Funeral Charges, shall be all Well and Truly paid or Or- dained to be paid in convenient time my Deceas by my Executors. Imprimis, I give and Bequeath unto my Dear and Well beloved Wife P/ovidence Hewes, the sum of Two hundred and Fifty Pounds to be levied out of my Estate to her her heirs and Assighns forever. It em — My will and pleasure is that my Mansion House and Planta- tion Should be sold by my Executors and the Money Arising from the Sale to be equally Divided between my Four Sons, Joseph Hewes, Josiah Hewes, Daniel Hewes and Aaron Hewes, after the other Legacys are paid and Discharged to them their Heirs and Assigns forever. 272 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " Item — I give and bequeath unto My oldest daughter Sarah Allen the sum of Twenty five pounds to be levied out of my Estate To her, her heirs And Assigns forever. Item — I give and bequeath unto my second daughter Mary Hewes the sum of One hundred Pounds to Levey'd out of my Estate to her her heirs and Assigns forever. Item — I give and bequeath unto my Kinswoman Mary Hewes who I have brought up the Sum of Twenty five pounds to be levey'd out of my Estate to her her heirs and Assigns forever. My Will and pleasure for her is that if either of my Sons should Dye before they should come to the age of Twenty one years that then the money or portion of the Deceased shall be equally Divided between the surviving Brothers. Lastly I do hereby constitute make and Ordain my two brothers by Law Samuel Worth and William Worth my Executors of this my last Will and Testament. . . . Dated 31st day of January, 1753. The records do not justify the statement, that the immediate ancestors of Joseph Hewes (the Signer) fled from Connecticut, to near Kingston, N. J., to escape the Indians. It is known that from William Hewes (Hews, Hughs, Hughes) who came from England between 1675-1684 and located a plantation on Fen- wick's Patent at or near Salem, New Jersey (and thereabouts) to Joseph Hewes, the Signer, there has been no break of residence in New Jersey and adjacent Pennsylvania towns — except when Joseph went to Edcnton, N. C. Aaron Hewes is shown by the records to have been William's grandson. His children were all born in New Jersey. The Chesterfield, N. J., records show that his daughter Sarah, born in 1728 and Joseph in 1730 were born in New Jersey. He asked for a " certificate " to Crosswicks in Jany. 1726-7 and there is no evidence of any of his immediate ancestors ever having removed beyond Pennsylvania. This is important, because it establishes beyond dispute that William Hewes, Jr., was Aaron's father, and both were continuous residents of New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Joseph Hewes, the Signer, Is shown to have been born and reared in New . Jersey until he went to Edenton, N. ('. He was evidently named after his paternal Uncle Joseph (Aaron's brother who married Anne Worth, daughter of Joseph Worth of Stony Brook, \. J. and sister of Providence Worth, mother of Joseph Hewes) as is shown by the Chesterfield, N. J. records of Friends Meet ings. JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 273 It appears that Joseph Hewes (Aaron's brother) remained in New Jersey until 1737 (or seven years after his nephew Jo- seph's birth, 1730) when he applied to the Chesterfield Monthly Meeting for a Certificate to remove to near the verge of Center, Chester Co., Pa. 7 Children, (name spelled " Hughs " on the record) : 13 Sarah, born 24, 5 mo., 1728; died 1, 3 mo., 1785. 14+ Joseph, born 23, 4 mo., 1730; died 11 mo., 1775). 15 Josiah, born 10, 11 mo., 1732. 16 Mary, born 25, 4 mo., 1735; died 14, 12 mo., 1779. 17 Daxiel, born 21, 4 mo., 1738; died 3, 11 mo., 1767. 18 Aaeon, born 25, 12 mo., 1742-3 ; died 2, 6 mo., 1789. JOSEPH HEWES 8 Joseph Hewes was born near Kingston, N. J., Jan. 23, 1730. He was the son of Aaron Hewes and Providence Worth ; and the direct descendant of William Hewes who came to America from England between 1675 and 1684 and " located " on Auldman's Creek, Salem Co., N. J. Joseph was educated at Princeton and early in life went to Philadelphia where he engaged in mercantile pursuits. His sister Sarah (born 1728) married Nathaniel Allen (April 14, 1746) son of one of the Commissioners sent by William Penn in the John and Sarah in 1681 to arrange matters with the Indians, and lay out the City of Philadelphia. About 1760 Mr. Hewes removed to Edenton, N. C, taking his nephew, Nathaniel Allen, with him, where he continued his busi- ness, eventually taking his nephew into partnership. Much that relates to the daily life of Joseph Hewes is found in the " Life and Correspondence of James Iredell." Mr. Iredell was in inti- mate relations with Mr. Hewes and kept a Diary of events just preceding the Revolution. Although Mr. Hewes, and his An- cestors were " Friends " yet he was an ardent instigator and supporter of the Rebellion against Great Britain, and thereby severed his connection with the " Friends " Society. 7 Statement of Mr. Dexter H. Walker. s The following sketch was taken from the manuscript of Mr. Dexter H. Walker. 274 JOSEPH HEWES, THE «■ SIGNER " We find him, during his life at Edenton, one of the most active of those who laid the foundations upon which the Revolution be- came a fact. In the midst of all these surroundings he was engaged in social intercourse with his neighbors, passing the time in business, pol- itics, visiting, card playing and amusements customary in polite and high-bred society at the time. The greater part of his life was spent in Edenton which was sometimes called Roanoke, and is situated on the north shore of Albemarle Sound. It was founded in 1716 and named in honor of the Royal Governor, Eden. " Here dwelt the first inhabitants of North Carolina. A little to the Southeast is Roanoke Island, where Sir Walter Raleigh left his first Colony in America in 1585, and where was born Virginia Dare, the first child of English par- entage who ever gamboled upon the soil of the New World. On the opposite side of the River resided Col. John Dawson, a Vir- ginian by birth, whose wife was daughter of Gov. Gabriel John- ston " (Iredell, Vol. I, p. 3-A) and it is probable that the Mary Dawson who became Nathaniel Allen's second wife, was of the same family. Mr. Iredell says of Edenton, that, " within its vicinity there was in proportion to its population a greater number of men eminent for ability, virtue, and erudition, than in any other part of America." In 1774 Mr. Hewes was sent from Edenton to Congress, then sitting in Philadelphia, serving until his death, Nov. 10th, 1779. In 1775 the Continental Congress appointed a " Committee to fit out Armed Vessels." They were John Hancock, Francis Hop- kinson, William Whipple, George Read, Robert Morris, George Walton, Arthur Middleton, Francis Lewis, and Joseph Hewes. The Committee on Dec. 22nd, 1775, reported to Congress their appointment of Ezek Hopkins as Commander in Chief of the Fleet ; and also that of John Paul Jones to be Lieu- tenant. Mr. Hewes appears to have been I lie active member of the Com- mitter, conducting the correspondence and appointments. We (ind many letters passing between him and the officers of the Fleet (American Archives Vol. 5, page 932 — also Vol. 6, p. 511 el .-.I). Tli- Committer addressed a letter to John Paul Jones, dated JOSEPH HEWES, THE "SIGNER" 275 Aug. 6th, 1776, placing him in Command of the Privateer Prov- idence, then ready for sea, concluding with the injunction; "we also recommend humane kind treatment to your prisoners " (Am. Arch. Vol. 1, p. 46). I diverge from the main topic of this paper to say that within the past few months (1900) Col. Cadwallader Jones, of the late Confederate Army, and once a prominent politician, died at Co- lumbia, S. C, aged 86. He married Isabella, daughter of Gov. Iredell, of North Carolina. He was graduated in 1832 from the University of North Carolina. Two of his sons were Colonels in the late (1898) Spanish-American War. His grandfather was aid to General Lafayette ; and John Paul Jones changed his name from " Paul " to Jones in consideration for kindnesses re- ceived by him at the hands of this distinguished family. Joseph Hewes, Wm. Hooper (a "Signer") and Samuel Johnston were appointed by the Legislature of North Carolina in Dec, 1773, a Committee of Correspondence with the other Colonies (Clark's State Records of N. C, Vol. 2, p. 8). About the time Mr. Hewes most desired to be active, and when the Colonists were ripening for the impending Revolution, he wrote from Philadelphia (Julv 8, 1775): " Close attention to business, bad health, and a weakness of my eyes, all contribute to prevent my doing so much as I otherwise should do. I write in pain and can scarcely see what I have writ- ten " (Iredell, Vol. 1, p. 258)). He sent his picture to Miss Nel- lie Blair and her father in acknowledging the same, under date of June 9th, 1776, said, " Your negroes have been coming to see your picture and were transported with it. I met * Cam ' at the door one day and brought him in. He was in Perfect ecstasy * Mas- ter every bit,' says he. * Ah ! the old gentleman has grown hand- some ' " (Iredell, Vol. 2, p. 599). Mr. Hewes was engaged to be married to Isabella Johnston, daughter of John Johnston, who emigrated from Dundee, Scot- land, to this country about 1736. She was sister of Gov. Samuel Johnston, and Hannah Johnston, who married one of the Asso- ciate Justices of the Supreme Court of the U. S. (Wheeler's Reminiscences of North Carolina, p. 122.) Miss Johnston died just before the time appointed for her marriage, and it is said Mr. Hewes never recovered from the blow (Saunders Col. Rec- ords of North Carolina, Vol. 10, p. 47) ; but continued to de- 276 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " cline in health until he died. He was always regarded by the Johnstons as a member of the family 9 (Iredell Vol. 1, page 34). A little marble tablet placed by Mr. H. H. Dixon in the brick- work of a store standing at the corner of Main and King Streets, Edenton, marks the site of Mr. Hewes' place of business. His partners were Robert Smith (an attorney at law) and his nephew Nathaniel Allen — the firm name was Hewes, Smith & Allen. After Mr. Hewes' death the business was continued by Mr. Allen, who was his principal heir, and to whom he was greatly attached. Mr. Hewes appears to have been a regular attendant at the Episcopal Church. Mr. Iredell's Diary (Aug. 22, 1770, Vol. 1, page 70) " Went to Church with Mrs. Blair, the Miss Johnstons, and Mr. Hewes — nobody to make the responses but Mr. Hewes and myself, and neither of us had a prayer book." While attending Congress in Philadelphia, he was asked to get a locket made for Mrs. Iredell. He explained the delay saying, " In these times when every mechanic is employed in learning how to kill Englishmen, it is impossible to get anything done right " (Mr. Hewes to Mr. Iredell, March 26, 1776, Vol. 1, p. 274). Jo- seph Hewes was one of the most important personages of his time. Of Quaker parentage, he departed from the teachings of his youth and ventured upon the broader field of politics, where he found scope for his higher ambitions. He was a persistent, earnest patriot in the trying days of 1776. As a Signer of the Declaration of Independence he immortalized and endeared his memory to Americans for all time. He died in Philadelphia Nov. 10th, 1779. His funeral was attended by Congress and the As- sembly, and other Authorities of Pennsylvania, the minister of France, and a general assemblage of citizens. Congress resolved to wear crepe on the left arm for one month. (Iredell Vol. 1, p. l:J6.) William Hooper (one of the "Signers") wrote to Mr. Iredell about Dec 10, 1779: " He was my intimate friend. I knew and had probed tin Becrel recesses <>f his soul, and found it devoid of guile and replete with benignity. I loved him, and I believe that I n ;i> \ ery d< ar to him." ""'I'lic John tons are an ancient Family, and Prom the Barony of Johns- ton in Vmandale, Scotland. Fr L40O t<> 1701 they attained to the dignity of u Marquisate" (Iredell, Vol. L, ]>. :{:i-:it). JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 277 In the published diary of Jacob Hiltzheimcr, of Philadelphia, appears the following entry: " Nov. 11th 1779 Mr. Barge and myself attended the burial of Hon. Joseph Hewes, member of Congress from North Caro- lina whose body was taken from Mrs. House's, S. W. cor. Market and Fifth Streets to Christ Church Yard. The Rev. William White took for his text 1 Cor-15-55." His will disposed of his entire estate to his mother, brothers, and sisters, to Nathaniel Allen, and his " Kinswoman Mary." He left £500 to one Joseph Hewes Pile (or Gile) son of Captain John Pile (or Gile) of London, England. His will was left in charge of Mr. Iredell, who was his most intimate friend. (Ire- dell, Vol. 1, p. 436.) WILL OF JOSEPH HEWES I, Joseph Hewes of Edenton, in the State of North Caro- lina, Merchant, being in an ill state of health, but of sound mind and memory and understanding, do make, publish and de- clare this to be my last will and testament, in manner and form fol- lowing. First: My will and desire is that all my personal estate of every kind whatsoever, that is not specified, and given away by this will, be sold immediately after my death either at public or private sale, for ready money or credit, at the discretion of my executors, and that all my just debts be paid as soon as possible. Second: It is my will and desire that the late co-partnership of Hewes & Smith and the present one of Hewes, Smith & Allen be settled immediately after my death by selling off such goods, vessels and other articles that may be on hand so that my proportion of said co-partnership and such sum as may be due from them or either of them may be drawn out in order to complete the settlement of my estate as soon as possible. Third: I give and bequeath to my dear mother Providence Hewes, one thousand pounds to be paid to her as soon as it can be con- veniently raised out of my estate, but if it shall so happen that she should die before me, then my will and desire is that the said sum of one thousand pounds be divided among my brothers and sisters and their children, share and share alike. Fourthly: I give to my brother, Josiah Hewes of the City of Philadelphia, Merchant, one thousand pounds. Fifthly: I give to my brother, Aaron Hewes of the State of New Jersey, one thousand pounds. 278 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " Sixthly: My will and desire is that if either of my brothers Josiah or Aaron, should die before me the sum given them so dying, should be equally divided between and among the children of my brothers and sisters share and share alike. Seventhly: I give to my brothers Josiah and Aaron in trust the support of my sister Sarah Allen and Mary Middleton, and after their decease to be equally divided among the children, two thousand pounds. Eighthly: I give and bequeath to my nephew, Nathaniel Allen Jr., my two water lots, wharf and warehouses thereon, in the town of Edenton, being opposite to the two lots distinguished by the letters and numbers D. 190 and E. 191 in the new plan of said town, to him, the said Nathaniel Allen Jr., his heirs and assigns forever. Ninthly: I give to my nephew, Nathaniel Allen, Jr., all my house- hold furniture, plate, jewels, arms, books, and wearing apparel, which at a moderate calculation may be estimated at two thousand five hun- dred pounds. Tenthly: I give to Joseph Hewes Pile (or Gile?) son of Captain John Pile (Gile?) and Hannah Pile of London, in the Kingdom of Great Britain five hundred pounds. Eleventhly: I give unto Mrs. Helen Blair and Mrs. Peggy Blair, daughters of George Blair, Esquire, deceased, one hundred and fifty pounds. Twelfthly: I give to my friend Archibald Correl, Esq., as a small token of my regards, two hundred pounds. Thirteenthly : My will and desire is that in case it should so hap- pen that my estate should be reduced in any manner whatsoever so as not to amount to the sums herein given away in legacies that the said legacies be paid in proportion to the value of my estate. Fourteenthly : It is also my will and desire that if it should be found necessary to sell my real estate either to make a division of it or for payment of my debts and legacies herein given, I say in that case it is my will that the whole or any part of real estate be sold at the discretion of my executors, and my said executors hereafter named, or any two of them are hereby authorized and empowered to make and execute proper deeds and conveyances for the same. Si.rtcrnthly: After the payment of all my just debts and legacies hereby bequeathed, I give all the rest and residue of my estate of what nature (or) kind soever, or wherever the same shall be found to be equally divided between my brother Josiah Hewes and my nephew Nathaniel Allen, Jr., to tin in. their heirs and assigns for- ever, but if it shall happen s<> that my brother Josiah should die be- fore in* . then my will and desire is that the part which would have JOSEPH HEWES Signer of Declaration of Independence JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 279 been given to him should be equally divided between the children of my brother and sisters, share and share alike. Lastly: I do hereby constitute and appoint my dear brother Josiah Hewes, of Philadelphia, my friends Sam'l. Johnson, James Iredell, Chas. Bond, Sr., Walter P'erguson, and my nephew Nathaniel Allen Jr., Executors of this my last will and testament, and my will and desire is that my said Executors or such of them as shall qualify and act shall be allowed the usual commission of five per cent for their trouble and expense in transacting the business of my estate. In Witness Whereof, I the said testator, have hereunto affixed my hand and seal the 12th day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and seventy-eight. Signed, sealed, executed, published and declared by the said testa- tor to be his last will and testament, in the presence of us. (Signed) Joseph Hewes. (Seal) I. B. Blount. Robert Jerat. James Lochart. I, — H. C. Privatt, Clerk — Superior Court, in and for Chowan Co., N. C, at office in Edenton, hereby certify that the foregoing is a true, full and complete copy of the will of Joseph Hewes as ap- pears on record in my office. This July 31st, 1876. (Seal) H. C. Privatt, Clerk Superior Court, Chowan Co., N. C. Joseph Hewes [From Biography of the Signers to the Declaration of Independence, Vol. VII] Concerning Joseph Hewes, the circumstances known are much less abundant and particular than we desire. Nearly half a century has passed since he died, he left no children, and no very near relatives now survive, from whom the details of his life could be ascertained. Joseph was born in the year 1730, and after enjoying the advantages of education common at that period, in the immediate neighborhood of Princeton College, he went to Philadelphia to acquire a knowledge of commercial busi- ness. He entered, as soon as his term of apprenticeship in a count- ing-house was closed, into the bustle and activity of trade ; and availing himself of the fortunate situation of the colonies in respect to commerce, and the great opportunities then afforded by the British flag, particularly when used to protect American 280 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " ships, he was soon one of the large number of thriving colonial merchants, whose very prosperity became a lure to Great Britain, and induced her to look to this country for a revenue. Mr. Hewes did not remove to North Carolina until he was thirty years of age, previous to which time he had been residing at New York and Philadelphia alternately, with occasional and fre- quent visits to his friends in New Jersey. Having made choice of Edenton for his future home, he soon became distinguished in the community of that city for his suc- cessful career as a merchant, his liberal hospitalities, great probity and honour, and his agreeable social qualities. Although nearly a stranger in the state, he was very shortly invited to take a seat in the colonial legislature of North Caro- lina, — an office to which he was repeatedly chosen, and which he always filled with advantage to the people of that colony, and with credit to himself. When the British ministry had proceeded so far as to close the port of Boston, — thus by a most decided and severe act evincing their fixed determination to proceed in their plan of taxing the colonies, — and the committees of correspondence instituted first at Boston and afterwards elsewhere, had proposed a meeting of deputies to a general congress to be held at Philadelphia, Mr. Hewes was one of three citizens selected by North Carolina to represent her in such assembly. On the fourth of September, in the year 177-1, this first congress began their session ; and on the fourteenth of the same month, Mr. Hewes arrived and took his scat. The members were generally elected by the authority of the colonial legislatures; but in some instances, a different system had been pursued. In New Jersey and Maryland, the elections were made by committees chosen in the several counties for that par- ticular purpose; and iii New York, where the royal party was very strong, the people themselves assembled in those places where the spirit of opposition to the claims of parliament prevailed, and elected deputies who wire received into congress, ii being known thai no legislative act authorizing Hie election of members to represenl thai colony in such a meeting, could have been obtained. The powers, too. with which the representatives of Hie several colonies were invested, were not only variously expressed, but were of various extent. Most generally they were authorized to JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 281 consult and advise on the means most proper to secure the liberties of the colonies, and to restore the harmony formerly subsisting between them and the mother country. In some instances, the powers given appear to contemplate only such measures as would operate on the commercial connection between the two countries ; in others, the discretion was unlimited. The credentials of Mr. Hewes spoke a bolder language than was found in those of most of the delegates ; while the greater part of the colonies professed, in appointing the members, an earnest desire of reconciliation, and named the return of harmony as the principal object of their assembling, — North Carolina re- solved, by a general meeting of deputies of the inhabitants of the province, that the people approved of the proposal of a general congress to be held at Philadelphia, to deliberate on the state of British America, and " to take such measures as they may deem prudent to effect the purpose of describing with certainty the rights of Americans, repairing the breach made in those rights, and for guarding them for the future from any such violations done under the sanction of public authority." The delegates were accordingly invested by this meeting of deputies, with such powers as might " make any acts done by them, or consent given in behalf of this province, obligatory in honour upon every inhabitant thereof who is not an alien to his country's good, and an apostate to the liberties of America." But, however diversified may have been the instructions and powers given to the colonial delegates chosen for this congress ; certainly a separation from Great Britain was no part of the object then in view. Reconciliation and the restoration of har- mony under the regal government was the aim and the desire of all, although the means of obtaining such a result were variously estimated as involving more or less of forcible resistance. Immediately after the assembling of congress two important committees had been appointed to whom in fact nearly all the business of the congress was entrusted. The one was to " state the rights of the colonies in general, the several instances in which those rights are violated or infringed, and the means most proper to be pursued for obtaining a restoration of them." The other was to " examine and report the several statutes which affect the trade and manufacture of the colonies." To the first of these committees Mr. Hewes was added very soon 282 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " after he took his seat, and contributed his assistance to the prep- aration of their report. The committee made their report with little dehoy, and on the fourteenth day of October, it was adopted, as follows: " Whereas, since the close of the last war, the British parlia- ment, claiming a power, of right, to bind the people of America by statutes in all cases whatsoever, hath in some acts expressly imposed taxes on them, and in others, under various pretences, but in fact for the purpose of raising a revenue, hath imposed rates and duties payable in these colonies, established a board of commissioners, with unconstitutional powers, and extended the jurisdiction of courts of admiralty, not only for collecting the said duties, but for the trial of causes merely arising within the body of a county. "And whereas, in consequence of other statutes, judges, who before held only estates at will in their offices, have been made dependent on the crown alone for their salaries, and standing armies kept in times of peace : And whereas it has lately been re- solved in parliament, that by force of a statute, made in the thirty-fifth year of the reign of king Henry the Eighth, colonists may be transported to England, and tried there upon accusations for treasons and misprisons, or concealments of treasons commit- ted in the colonies, and by a late statute, such trials have been directed in cases therein mentioned ; " And whereas, in the last session of parliament, three statutes were made : one entitled, ' An act to discontinue in such manner and for such time as are therein mentioned, the landing and dis- charging, lading, or shipping of goods, wares, and merchandise, at the town, and within the harbour of Boston, in the province of Massachusetts Bay in North America'; another entitled, 'An act for the better regulating the government of the province of Massachusetts bay in New England': and another entitled, 'An act for the impartial administration of justice, in the cases of persons questioned for any act dune by them in the execution of the law, or for the suppression of riots and tumults, in the prov- ince <»f the .Massachusetts Hay in New England': and another -tat ute was then mad.', ' for making more effectual provision for the government «»f the province oi Quebec, &c.' All which statutes are impolitic, unjust, and cruel, as well as unconstitutional, and most dangerous, and destructive of American rights: JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 283 And whereas, assemblies have been frequently dissolved, con- trary to the rights of the people, when they attempted to delib- erate on grievances ; and their dutiful, humble, loyal, and reason- able petitions to the crown for redress, have been repeatedly treated with contempt, by his majesty's ministers of state: The good people of the several colonies of New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, Connecticut, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex on Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Caro- lina and South Carolina, justly alarmed at these arbitrary pro- ceedings of parliament and administration, have severally elected, constituted, and appointed deputies to meet and sit in general congress, in the city of Philadelphia, in order to obtain such es- tablishment, as that their religion, laws, and liberties, may not be subverted : Whereupon the deputies so appointed being now as- sembled, in a full and free representation of these colonies, taking into their most serious consideration, the best means of attaining the ends aforesaid, do in the first place, as Englishmen their an- cestors in like causes have usually done, for asserting and vindi- cating their rights and liberties, Declare, That the inhabitants of the English colonies in North America, bv the immutable laws of nature, the principles of the English constitution, and the several charters or compacts, have the fol- lowing Rights: 1. That they are entitled to life, liberty and property; and they have never ceded to any sovereign power whatever, a right to dispose of either without their consent. 2. That our ancestors who first settled these colonies, were at the time of their emigration from the mother country, entitled to all the rights, liberties and immunities of free and natural born subjects, within the realm of England. 3. That by such emigration they by no means forfeited, sur- rendered or lost any of those rights, but that they were, and their descendants now are, entitled to the exercise and enjoyment of all such of them, as their local and other circumstances enable them to exercise and enjoy. 4. That the foundation of English liberty and of all free gov- ernment, is, a right in the people to participate in their legislative council; and as the English colonists are not represented, and from their local and other circumstances cannot properly be rep- 284 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " resented in the British parliament, they are entitled to a free and exclusive power of legislation in their several provincial legisla- tures, -where their right of representation can alone be preserved, in all cases of taxation and internal polity, subject only to the negative of their sovereign, in such manner as has been heretofore used and accustomed: but from the necessity of the case, and a regard to the mutual interests of both countries, we cheerfully consent to the operation of such acts of the British parliament, as are bona fide, restrained to the regulation of our external com- merce, for the purpose of securing the commercial advantages of the whole empire to the mother country, and the commercial ben- efits of its respective members ; excluding every idea of taxation internal or external, for raising a revenue on the subjects in America without their consent. 5. That the respective colonies are entitled to the common law of England, and more especially to the great and inestimable privilege of being tried by their peers of the vicinage, according to the course of that law. 6. That they are entitled to the benefit of such of the English statutes, as existed at the time of their colonization ; and which they have, by experience, respectively found to be applicable to their several local and other circumstance-. 7. That these, his majesty's colonies, are likewise entitled to all the immunities and privileges granted and confirmed to them by royal charters, or secured by their several codes of provincial laws. 8. That they have a right peaceably to assemble, consider of their grievances, and petition the king: and that all prosecutions, prohibitory proclamations, and commitments for the same, ;ire il- legal. 9. That the keeping a standing army in these colonies, in times of peace, without the consent of the legislature of that col- ony in wln'cli such army is kept, is against law. 10. It is indispensably necessary to good government, and ren- dered essentia] by the English constitution, that the constituent branches of the legislature be independent of each other; that, therefore, the exercise of legislative power in several colonies, by a council appointed, during pleasure, by the crown, is unconstitu- tional, dangerous, and destructive to the freedom of American leg- islation. JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 285 All and each of which the aforesaid deputies in behalf of them- selves, and their constituents, declaim, demand, and insist on, a3 their indubitable rights and liberties; which cannot be legally taken from them, altered or abridged by any power whatever, without their own consent, by their representatives in their sev- eral provincial legislatures. In the course of our inquiry, we find many infringements and violations of the foregoing rights, which, from an ardent desire that harmony and mutual intercourse of affection and inter- est may be restored, we pass over for the present, and pro- ceed to state such acts and measures as have been adopted since the last war, which demonstrate a system formed to enslave America. That the following acts of parliament are infringements and violations of the rights of the colonists; and that the repeal of them is essentially necessary, in order to restore harmony between Great Britain and the American colonies, viz. : The several acts of 4 Geo. III. ch. 15, and ch. 34. — 5 Geo. III. cn . o 5> _(3 Geo. III. ch. 52.-7 Geo. III. ch. 41, and ch. 46.— 8 Geo. III. ch. 22 which impose duties for the purpose of raising a revenue in America, extend the power of the admiralty court be- yond their ancient limits, deprive the American subject of trial by jury, authorize the judge's certificate to indemnify the prose- cutor from damages, that he might otherwise be liable to, requir- ing oppressive security from a claimant of ships and goods seized, before he shall be allowed to defend his property, and are sub- versive of American rights. Also Geo. III. ch. 24. intituled, « An act for the better secur- ing his majesty's dock-yards, magazines, ships, ammunition, and stores,' which declares a new offence in America, and deprives the American subject of a constitutional trial by jury of the vicinage, by authorizing the trial of any person charged with the commit- ting any offence described in the said act out of the realm, to be indicted and tried for the same in any shire or county within the realm. Also the three acts passed in the last session of parliament, for stopping the port and blocking up the Harbour of Boston, for al- tering the charter and government of Massachusetts-Bay, and that which is intituled, ' An act for the better administration of justice, &c.' 286 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " Also the act passed in the same session for establishing the Roman Catholic religion in the province of Quebec, abolishing the equitable system of English laws, and erecting a tyranny there, to the great danger (from so total a dissimilarity of religion, law and government) of the neighboring British colonies, by the as- sistance of whose blood and treasure the said country was con- quered from France. Also the act passed in the same session, for the better providing suitable quarters for officers and soldiers in his majesty's service in North America. Also, that the keeping a standing army in several of these col- onies, in time of peace, without the consent of the legislature of that colony in which such army is kept, is against law. To these grievous acts and measures, Americans cannot submit, but in hopes their fellow subjects in Great Britain, will, on a re- vision of them, restore us to that state in which both countries found happiness and prosperity, we have for the present only resolved to pursue the following peaceable measures ; 1. To enter into a non-importation, non-consumption and non-exportation agreement or association ; 2. To prepare an address to the peo- ple of Great Britain, and a memorial to the inhabitants of British America; and 3. To prepare a loyal address to his majesty, agreeable to resolutions already entered into." The non-importation agreement thus recommended and deter- mined to be adopted, was a very remarkable event in the annals of the revolution. It could only have been thought of by men having the most perfect confidence in the integrity and patriotism of the people, without whose universal and strict resolution to maintain it, such a measure would be palpably unavailing. A sys- tem of privation not enforced by any law, nor guarded with any penal sanctions, hut resting entirely on the deep and general sense of wrongs inflicted, and of tin necessity of a united effort to obtain redrew, — it evinced a steady resolution, a sober patriot- ism, and a generous sacrifice of selfish views to the common good, unequaled in the history of the world. If any class of people more than the rest were entitled to par- ticular praise for the patriotic ardour which induced them to join in this combination, it was unquestionably the mercantile part of the community, who Sacrificed not only many of the comforts and enjoyments of life, hut gave up also the very means of their JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 287 subsistence, in relinquishing the importing trade to which they had been accustomed to devote their capital and labour. Mr. Hewes was a merchant, and a successful one. He had been for more than twenty years engaged in the sale of merchandise imported chiefly from England and the British dependencies ; but he did not hesitate on this occasion to assist in the preparation of the plan, to vote for it, and to affix his own name to the compact. The association recited, in the first place, the injuries inflicted on the colonies by the various acts of the British government, against which the report of the committee had been directed, and then declares, that to obtain redress for these grievances a non- importation, non-consumption, and non-exportation agreement, faithfully adhered to, would prove the most speedy, effectual and peaceable measure, and '* therefore," it proceeds, " we do, for our- selves, and the inhabitants of the several colonies whom we repre- sent, firmly agree and associate under the sacred ties of virtue, honour and love of our country, as follows : First. That from and after the first day of December next, we will not import into British America, from Great Britain or Ireland, any goods, wares or merchandise whatsoever, or from any other place, any such goods, wares or merchandise, as shall have been exported from Great Britain or Ireland ; nor will we, after that day, import any East India tea from any part of the world ; nor any molasses, syrups, paneles, coffee, or pimento, from the British plantations or from Dominica ; nor wines from Madeira, or the Western Islands ; nor foreign indigo. Second. We will neither import, nor purchase any slave im- ported after the first day of December next ; after which time, we will wholly discontinue the slave trade, and will neither be con- cerned in it ourselves, nor will we hire our vessels, nor sell our commodities or manufactures to those who are concerned in it. Third. As a non-consumption agreement, strictly adhered to, will be an effectual security for the observation of the non-impor- tation, we as above, solemnly agree and associate, that from this day, we will not purchase or use any tea imported on account of the East India company, or any on which a duty hath been or shall be paid; and from and after the first day of March next, we will not purchase or use any East India tea whatever ; nor will we, nor shall any person for or under us, purchase or use any of those goods, wares, or merchandise, we have agreed not to import, 288 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " which we shall know, or have cause to suspect, were imported after the first day of December, except such as come under the rules and directions of the tenth article hereafter mentioned. Fourth. The earnest desire we have not to injure our fellow- subjects in Great Britain, Ireland, or the West Indies, induces us to suspend a non-exportation, until the tenth day of Sept., 1775 ; at which time, if the said acts and parts of acts of the British parliament herein after mentioned, are not repealed, we will not, directly or indirectly, export any merchandise or com- modity whatsoever to Great Britain, Ireland, or the West Indies, except rice to Europe. Fifth. Such as are merchants, and use the British and Irish trade, will give orders, as soon as possible, to their factors, agents and correspondents, in Great Britain and Ireland, not to ship any goods to them, on any pretence whatsoever, as the}- cannot be re- ceived in America ; and if any merchant, residing in Great Britain or Ireland, shall directly or indirectly ship any goods, wares or merchandise, for America, in order to break the said non-importa- tion agreement, or in any manner contravene the same, on such unworthy conduct being well attested, it ought to be made public; and, on the same being so done, we will not from thenceforth have any commercial connexion with such merchant. Sixth. That such as are owners of vessels will give positive orders to their captains, or masters, not to receive on board their vessels any goods prohibited by the said non-importation agree- ment, on pain of immediate dismission from their service. Seventh. We will use our utmost endeavors to improve the breed of sheep and increase their number to the greatest extent ; and to that end, we will kill them as seldom as may be, especially those of the most profitable kind ; nor will we export any to the West Indies or elsewhere; and those of us, who are or may be- come overstocked with, or can conveniently spare any sheep, will dispose of them to our neighbors, especially to the poorer sort, on moderate terms. Eighth. We will in our several stations encourage frugality, economy, and industry, and promote agriculture, arts, and the manufactures of this country, especially that of wool; and will discountenance and discourage every species <>f extravagance and dissipation, especially all horse racing, and all kinds of gambling, cods fighting, exhibitions of shows, plays, and other expensive JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 289 diversions and entertainments; and on the death of any relation or friend, none of us, or any of our families will go into any fur- ther mourning dress than a black crape or ribbon on the arm or hat for gentlemen, and a black ribbon and necklace for ladies, and we will discontinue the giving of gloves and scarfs at funer- als. Ninth. Such as are venders of goods and merchandise will not take advantage of the scarcity of goods that may be occasioned by this association, but will sell the same at the rates we have been respectively accustomed to do, for twelve months last past. And if any vender of goods or merchandise shall sell any such goods on higher terms, or shall in any manner, or by any de- vice whatsoever, violate or depart from this agreement, no per- son ought, nor will any of us deal with any such person, or his, or her factor or agent, at any time therafter, for any commodity whatever. Tenth. In case any merchant, trader, or other persons shall import any goods or merchandise after the first day of December, and before the first day of February next, the same ought forth- with at the election of the owner, to be either re-shipped or de- livered up to the committee of the county, or town wherein they shall be imported, to be stored at the risk of the importer, until the non-importation agreement shall cease, or be sold under the direction of the committee aforesaid; and in the last mentioned case, the owner or owners of such goods shall be reimbursed (out of the sales) the first cost and charges, the profit, if any, to be applied towards relieving and employing such poor inhabit- ants of the town of Boston, as are immediate sufferers by the Boston port-bill; and a particular account of all goods so re- turned stored, or sold, to be inserted in the public papers; and if any goods or merchandise shall be imported after the said first day of February, the same ought forthwith to be sent back again, without breaking any of the packages thereof. Eleventh. That a committee be chosen in every county, city, and town, by those who are qualified to vote for representatives in the legislature, whose business it shall be attentively to ob- serve the conduct of all persons touching this association ; and when it shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of a majority of any such committee, that any person within the limits of their appointment has violated this association, that such majority do 290 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " forthwith cause the truth of the case to be published in the Ga- zette; to the end, that all such foes to the rights of British America may be publicly known, and universally contemned as the enemies of American liberty ; and thenceforth we respectively will break off dealings with him or her. Twelfth. That the committee of correspondence in the re- spective colonies do frequently inspect the entries of the custom houses, and inform each other from time to time of the true state thereof, and of every other material circumstance that may oc- cur relative to this association. Thirteenth. That all manufactures of this country be sold at reasonable prices, so that no undue advantage be taken of a future scarcity of goods. Fourteenth. And we do further agree and resolve, that we will have no trade, commerce, dealings or intercourse whatsoever, with any colony or province, in North America, which shall not accede to, or which shall hereafter violate this association, but will hold them as unworthy of the rights of freemen, and as in- imical to the liberties of their country. And we do solemnly bind ourselves and our constituents, under the ties aforesaid, to adhere to this association until such parts of the several acts of parliament passed since the close of the last war, as impose or continue duties on tea, wine, molasses, syrups, paneles, coffee, sugar, pimento, indigo, foreign paper, glass, and painters' colors, imported into America, and extend the powers of the admiralty courts beyond their ancient limits, deprive the American subject of trial by jury, authorize the judge's certificate to indemnify the prosecutor from damages, that he might otherwise be liable to from a trial by his peers, require oppressive security from a claimant of ships of goods seized, before lie shall be allowed to defend his property, are re- peal, .1. And until that part of the act of the 12 G. 3. ch. 24. rnlitled 'An act for the better securing his majesty's dock- yards, magazines, ships, ammunition, and stores,' by which any persons charged with committing any of the offences therein de- scribed, in America, may be tried in any shire or county within the realm, is repealed. And until the four acts passed the last session of parliament, viz. that for stopping the port and block- ing up the harbor of Boston. That for altering the charter and government of the Massachusetts Bay. And that which is JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 291 entitled, 'An act for the better administration of justice, &c.' And that ' For extending the limits of Quebec, &c.' are repealed. And we recommend it to the provincial conventions, and to the committees in the respective colonies, to establish BUch farther regulations as they may think proper, for carrying into execu- tion this association." Congress, after adopting an address to the people of Great Britain, — an address to the king, and one to the people of Canada, all distinguished by uncommon elegance and force of diction, and having resolved that it was expedient to meet again in May of the succeeding year, adjourned on the twenty-sixth of October, and Mr. Hewes returned to his home in North Caro- lina. In the ensuing spring, a convention of that colony was held at Newbern, when Mr. Hewes was elected a member of the continental congress about to assemble, and the general assembly approved of this choice, and at the same time resolved to adhere strictly to the non-importation agreement, and to use what influence they possessed to induce the same observance in every individual of the province. Mr. Hewes attended accordingly at Philadelphia when the new congress assembled in May, and continued with them until their adjournment, the last day of July. The battle of Lexington had occurred a few weeks before the meeting of congress, and the first business that came before them was the examination of the depositions of witnesses, which at that period, or at least on that occasion, supplied the place of military reports, of the killed, wounded and missing, as well as of the movements of the hostile forces. The first resolution of the congress was, however, notwithstand- ing the excitement naturally caused by the actual commencement of war, to present another loyal and dutiful address to the king ; at the same time, now first glancing at the possibility of a separa- tion, in a recommendation to the provincial congress of New York to prepare vigorously for defense, " as it is very uncertain whether the earnest endeavors of the congress to accommodate the unhappy differences between Great Britain and the colonies by conciliatory measures, will be successful." The battle of Bunker's Hill, and the appointment of a com- mander in chief of the army with a long list of major generals 292 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " and brigadiers in the succeeding month, placed the true nature of the contest more distinctly in the view of the people of America, and of the world. The Society of Friends, of which Mr. Hewes' parents had been members, as well as himself in his youth, were now straining every nerve in an effort to prevent the revolution- ary and republican, and warlike doctrines of the times from gain- ing a reception among the quakers. The society was numerous, wealthy and respectable, and their opposition was powerful and active. In the beginning of the year 1775, they had held a general convention of the " people called quakers " residing in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and had put forth a " testimony," denouncing the congress and all its proceedings. This, however, did not have any effect on Mr. Hewes, or if any, not the effect in- tended. He broke entirely from communion with the quakers, and became not only a promoter of war, but a man of gayetv and worldly habits — even to the extent of being a frequent visitor of the ladies, and partaking, even with glee and animation, of the pleasures of the dance, in which he is said at all times of his life, after escaping from the restraints of his quaker education, to have taken much delight. In the recess of congress, between July and September, he did not return to North Carolina, but made a visit to his friends in New Jersey, and was at hand when the next session was begun. He was placed on the committee of claims, and that charged with the fitting out of the armed vessels ordered to be built or equipped for congress — the germ of the United States' navy ; and thus he became in effect, and in the nature of his duties and responsibilities, the first secretary of the navy. In the commencement of the next year, Mr. Hewes, having at- tained great respect in congress by his excellent qualities and habits of close attention to business, was chosen a member of the secret committee, a post of extreme difficult}', and great responsi- bility, and requiring the closest application. It is within the recollection of some of the surviving patriots of this period, that Mr. Hewes was remarkable for a devoted- nes8 to the business of this committee, as complete as ever the mo>t industrious merchant was known to give his computing- house. After this time he was generally appointed on the most im- portanl committees, such us that to concert with General Washing- JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 299 ton a plan of operations for the ensuing campaign, the one en- trusted with the difficult task of digest ing a plan of confederation, another charged with the superintendence of the treasury, one raised for the purpose of inquiring into the causes of the miscar- riages in Canada, and several others of less moment. Mr. Hewes was, during this period, a most active man of busi- ness; the dishursemcnts of the naval committee were under his especial charge, and eight armed vessels were fitted out with the funds placed at his disposal. He was attentive also to the condi- tion of North Carolina, then direfully distracted with civil war, and menaced also by the common enemy ; gunpowder and other munitions of war were sent by him at his own expense, but re- imbursed afterwards by congress, to supply the exigencies of the republican troops in that part of the country. He had the satisfaction of being present during all the debate on the question of declaring independence, and of voting in favor of the instant adoption of that imperishable manifesto which has made the Fourth of July a jubilee for this nation. In voting on this side he acted in accordance with a resolution passed by the North Carolina convention, on the twenty-second of April preced- ing, empowering the delegates from that colony to " concur with those of the other colonics in declaring independency." North Carolina had thus the merit of being the first one of the colonies which openly declared in favor of throwing off all con- nection with Great Britain, a spirited and manly determination which entitles the leading men of that state to distinguished praise. Mr. Hewes by his indefatigable exertions in the equipment of the naval armament, as well as by the fearless constancy with which he had advocated independence, had acquired to a very great degree the esteem and respect of the people whom he represented. In the beginning of the year seventeen hundred and seventy-seven, therefore, he was again chosen a delegate, with such powers as to make whatever he and his colleagues might do in congress obliga- tory on every inhabitant of the state. Mr. Hewes, however, did not accept this appointment. He left to his colleagues the tour of duty in congress, and devoted himself to his private affairs and to the benefit of his state at home during the greater part of that year and the whole of the next, nor did he resume his seat until the month of July, 1779. He was at this time in very ill health, his constitution had been totally broken 294 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " down, and he was able to give little more assistance to the public councils of the nation. His end was rapidly approaching: the last vote given by him in congress was on the twenty-ninth of October, after which he was wholly confined to his chamber until the tenth of November, when he expired, in the fiftieth year of his age. On the day of his death, congress being informed of the event, and of the intention of his friends to inter his remains on the fol- lowing day, resolved that they would attend the funeral with a crape round the left arm, and continue in mourning for the space of one month, that a committee should be appointed to superintend the ceremony, the Rev. Mr. White, their chaplain, should officiate on the occasion, and that invitations should be sent to the general assembly and the president and supreme executive council of Penn- sylvania, the minister plenipotentiary of France and other persons of distinction. The funeral ceremonies were accordingly conducted with all the pomp and display which the simple manners and sobriety of tem- per then prevalent in Philadelphia would admit. A large con- course of people including all the distinguished personages civil and military, witnessed the interment of his remains in the burial ground of Christ Church, and the outward show of respect to his memory was not in this instance forced or insincere. Mr. Hewes possessed a prepossessing figure and countenance, with great amenity of manners and an unblemished reputation for probity and honour. He left a considerable fortune but no chil- dren to inherit it. His death may be called untimely when we reflect on the brighter prospects that soon after opened on the country to whose hap- piness he devoted himself with so much zeal, prospects in which he would have found a cause of infinite gratitude and joy; but in other respects his end was mo»e seasonable than that of" some of his compatriots who lived to endure old age, infirmity and want; he was taken in the meridian of liis usefulness, but not. before he had performed enough of service to this nation to entitle him to her enduring and grateful recollection. JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 295 Joseph Hewes By Walter Sikes, M.A., PH.D., (Professor of Political Science, Wake Forest College.) " Particularly cultivate the notice of Mr. Hewes," wrote Henry E. McCulloch to his relative, young James Iredell, as he was about to leave his home in England to take up his abode at Edenton, N. C, in Sept., 1768. Young Iredell came to Edenton, and wrote to his father afterwards that " I must say there is a gentle- man in this town who is a very particular favorite of mine. His name is Hewes. He is a merchant here, and our member for the town: the patron and the greatest honor of it. About six or seven years ago he was in a few days of being married to one of Mr. Johnston's sisters (elder than the two young ladies now liv- ing), who died rather suddenly; and this unhappy circumstance for a long time embittered every satisfaction in life to him. He has continued ever since unmarried, which I believe he will do. His connection with Mr. Johnston's family is just such as if he had really been a brother-in-law, a circumstance that mutually does honor to them both." When young Iredell met this man, who was not yet forty, he became charmed with his society and his char- acter. Joseph Hewes was born in 1730. Though his home was not far from Princeton, he never attended college. However he received such education as the schools in his vicinity offered. His family were Quakers and at an early age he was sent to a counting-house in the Quaker city of Philadelphia. At manhood he entered the mercantile and commercial business. Most of his time was spent in Philadelphia, though he was often drawn to New York on business. In 1763 he decided to move to Edenton, where he entered into partnership with Robert Smith, aft attorney. This firm owned its own wharf and sent its ships down to the sea. It is very probable that his sister, Mrs. Allen, came with him. His nephew, Nathan- iel Allen, was certainly with him. This young nephew Hewes treated as his own son and very probably made him his heir. This young man became the father of Senator Allen of Ohio and grand- father of Allen G. Thurman. Edenton was a town of four hundred inhabitants probably when Joseph Hewes came to live there. It was a society scarcely 296 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " surpassed in culture by any in America. In the vicinity lived Colonel Richard Buncombe, Sir Nat. Dukinfield, Colonel John Harvey, Samuel Johnston and Stephen Cabarrus. Hewes was at once admitted into this charming circle. Hewes was possessed of those charms that attract gentle folks. He was very companionable and social. Very frequently in James Iredell's diary for 1772-1774 such entries are found as " chatted with Hewes and others on his piazza "; " found Hewes at Horni- blow's tavern " ; " Hewes and I spent the evening at Mrs. Blair's " ; " Dr. Cathcart, Mr. Johnston and I dined with Hewes " ; " went to Hewes' to call on Mr. and Mrs. Cornelius Harnett on their return from the north," and " they played cards all the evening at Mr. Hewes'." These and similar records show that he was a delightful companion and was a center of social life. His Quaker training Hewes threw aside easily. Some writers say that he quitted the Quakers only when they refused in 1776 to join heartily in the war for independence, and that his Quaker beliefs easily opened the door of prosperity and honor for him among the Quakers of the Albemarle section. This can hardly be true. In 1770 he was present at the services of the Church of England at Edenton and read the responses. He certainly at- tended that church long before the Revolution. Also in the same year he was " playing backgammon at Horniblow's tavern." These things were not done by good Quakers. Hewes' associates — social and political — were not Quakers. He belonged to those conservatives whose leaders were Samuel Johnston and Thomas Jones. Hewes' popularity, wealth and influence caused him to be chosen to represent the town of Edenton in the General Assembly three years after his arrival. This position he held from 1766-1776 till In- was called to a field of wider usefulness. In these Assemblies he was very active, and at one time he was on ten committees at least. This was an interesting period in the history of the colony. It was during 1 1 1 i -> period that the Regulator troubles anise, the court controversy, the taxation problems, and the other difficulties thai prepared North Carolina for the revolution t liai u as to In- very soon. Before the meeting of Hie Provincial Congress to appoint dele- gates to the Continental Congress, Hewes was a member of the Committee of Correspondence. This w&a a wise choice. As a JOSEPH HEWES, THE "SIGNER" 297 merchant his ships were known in other ports. This brought him into contact with the greatest commercial centers of other colonics. In this way he was not unknown to the Adamses of Massachusetts. Hcwes was chosen to attend the first Provincial Congress at New- Bern, August, 1774. At this Congress he read many letters that his committee had received. Hewes, together with Richard Cas- well and William Hooper, was appointed to attend the Continental Congress in Philadelphia. This North Carolina Congress pledged itself to abide by the acts of their representatives. Merchants are not revolutionists. They want a government that will assure them the enjoyment of their labors. Hewes was a merchant, but he pledged his people to commercial non-inter- course with Great Britain, though this meant personal loss to the firm of Hewes and Smith. This measure was goring his own ox, but he gave it his loyal support. Says he, in a letter written at the close of the Congress, and before leaving Philadelphia : " Our friends are under apprehension that the administration will en- deavor to lay hold of as many delegates as possible, and have them carried to England and tried as rebels ; this induced Congress to enter into a resolve in such case to make a reprisal. I have no fears on that head, but should it be my lot, no man on earth could be better spared. Were I to suffer in the cause of American lib- erty, should I not be translated immediately to heaven as Enoch of old was ? " Hewes' health was always poor. To go to Philadelphia was not a pleasant journey, save that it permitted him to see his aged mother, who lived probably at the old home in New Jersey. Says Hewes, in a letter: "I had a very disagreeable time of it till I arrived here, since which I have had but little health or spirits." Hewes, Caswell and Hooper were not the only Carolinians present in Philadelphia at this meeting, for Hewes says he dined with Caswell and other Carolinians. In December Hewes returned to Edenton and the next April found him and James Iredell in their gigs on their way to attend the General Assembly at New Bern, and also that second Provin- cial Congress which was to meet at the same time and place. Both bodies thanked their delegates for the faithful discharge of their duties. The aged, yet spirited, Harvey delivered the brief address for the bodies. This Provincial Congress re-elected Hewes, Cas- well and Hooper. 298 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " Hewes and Caswell together proceeded at once to Philadelphia, where the Congress met on May 10. On Sunday evening they ar- rived in Petersburg, where they learned of the collision " between the Bostonians and the King's troops." Their passage through Virginia was attended with much pomp and military parade, " such as was due to general officers." They stopped a day in Baltimore, where " Colonel Washington, accompanied by the rest of the dele- gates, reviewed the troops." Hewes was in Philadelphia, where, he said, the enthusiasm was great. He was very anxious for North Carolina to take an active part in affairs. He expressed himself as uneasy about the slow- ness of North Carolina. Though Hewes was sick and hardly able to write, he joined in an address to the people of North Carolina and wrote letters to his friends describing in detail the military preparations of Congress. Hewes was not an eager war man. Said he, in a letter to Samuel Johnston on July 8, 1775 : " I con- sider myself now over head and ears in what the ministry call rebellion. I feel no compunction for the part I have taken nor for the number of our enemies lately slain at the battle of Bunker's Hill. I wish to be in the camp before Boston, tho' I fear I shall not be able to get there 'till next campaign." He prevailed upon Philadelphia clergymen to write letters to the " Presbyterians, Lutherans and Calvinists " in North Carolina. Hewes was a member of the committee to fit out vessels for the beginning of the American navy. On this committee there was no more valuable member. There were not many merchants in Con- gress. Hewes' mercantile knowledge served Congress well. This is Hewes' chief contribution to the war of independence. He could not speak like Adams and Lee, nor write like Jefferson, but he knew where were the sinews of war. 'When not in Congress he was em- ployed by it to fit out vessels. The firm of Hewes & Smith was its agent in North Carolina. Some vessels Hewes fitted out by ad- vancing the money for the Congress. Hewes was hack in North Carolina in August, 1775, and rcpre- sented Edenton at the third Provincial Congress at Ilillsboro, where he was placed OH the committer to secure arms for the State, to prepare an address tor the inhabitants, and a form of government. Here he was again elected to the Continental Con- gress along with Caswell and Hooper. lie returned to Philadelphia at once .and prevailed upon Con- JOSEPH HEWES, THE "SIGNER" 299 gress to send two ministers to the western pari of North Carolina. Though he was very sick, he urged the early increase of the army and its equipment. Hewes fully expected to go into tin- army; in him there was nothing of the Tory spirit. Said he, on Febru- ary 11, 1776: "If we mean to defend our liberties, our dearest rights and privileges against the power of Britain to the Ias1 ex- tremity, we ought to bring ourselves to such a temper of mind as to stand unmoved at the bursting of an earthquake. Although the storm thickens, I feel myself quite composed. I have fur- nished myself with a good musket and bayonet, and when I can no longer be useful in council I hope I shall be willing to take the field. I think I had rather fall than be carried off by a lingering illness. An obstinate ague and fever, or rather an intermittent fever, persecutes me continually. I have no way to remove it unless I retire from Congress and from public business ; this I am determined not to do till North Carolina sends another delegate, provided I am able to crawl to the Congress chamber." Hewes was elected to represent Edenton in the fourth Provincial Congress at Halifax in April, 1776, but did not leave Philadelphia. It was more important that he should remain there. He wrote that he was anxious to know the kind of constitution they had adopted, but more anxious to know how they were pre- paring to defend their country. In the Continental Congress he was on the committee to prepare the articles of the confedera- tion also. Hewes spent the year 1776 in Philadelphia. He did not visit North Carolina at all. Hooper and Penn probably did. Hewes was alone at the time the great debate was in progress on the wis- dom of declaring independence. Says he, in a letter dated Phila- delphia, July 8, 1776: "What has become of my friend Hooper? I expected to have seen him ere now. My friend Penn came time enough to give his vote for independence. I send you the Decla- ration of Independence enclosed. I had the weight of North Caro- lina on my shoulders within a day or two of three months. The service was too severe. I have sat some days from six in the morning till five or sometimes six in the afternoon, without eating or drinking. Some of my friends thought I should not be able to keep soul and body together to this time. Duty, inclination and self-preservation call on me now to make a little excursion into the country to see my mother. This is a duty which I have not al- 300 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " lowed myself time to perform during the almost nine months I have been here." Here is a picture of devotion to duty not surpassed in the an- nals of any countrv. The months during which he labored so dutifully, and alone bore the burden of North Carolina on his shoulders, were the days when the great question of independence was discussed. In this discussion there was no inspiration. There was gathered together a band of brave men trying prayerfully to do the right. Clouds and uncertainty were thick about them. The measure had been discussed for months, but the majorities were constantly against it. John Adams, in a letter written March 28, 1813, says Mr. Hewes determined the vote for independence. " For many days the majority depended on Mr. Hewes of North Carolina. While a member one day was speaking, and reading documents from all the colonies, to prove that public opinion, the general sense of all, was in favor of the measure, when he came to North Carolina and produced letters and public proceedings which demonstrated that the majority in that colony were in favor of it, Mr. Hewes, who had hitherto constantly voted against it, started suddenly up- right, and lifting both hands to heaven as if he had been in a trance, cried out : ' It is done ! and I will abide by it.' I would give more for a perfect painting of the terror and horror upon the face of the old majority at that critical moment than for the best piece of Raphael. The question, however, was eluded by an immediate motion for adjournment." In the fall Hewes returned to North Carolina in time to attend the Provincial Congress at Halifax in November, 1776. His ad- miring friends in Edenton again chose him to represent them as the}' had been doing for ten years. Here he took part in the making of the State Constitution, being on the committee. How- ever, he was doubtless more interested in the preparation to de- fend the independence for which he had just voted. Hewes was again active on the important committees. This Provincial Con- gress made and adopted the first Constitution for North Carolina. What Hewes thoughl of it is not known, hut many of his friends iii Edenton did not like it. Samuel .Johnston was open in his disapproval. After tin' close of the Provincial Congress at Halifax, Hewes returned to Edenton, with his health injured by overwork in the JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 301 Continental Congress. He bad expected to return to Philadelphia in February, but tlie rheumatism would not permit him. He whs not idle. He was in the secret committee of Congress for pur- chasing equipment. He and Morris were the merchant members of Congress, and bad much of tins work to do. April found him at borne but expecting at any time to start north. The first General Assembly under the new State Constitution met at New Bern in April, 1777. Hewes, for the first time in ten vears, was not chosen to represent Edenton. John Green was tbe member in his place. This new republican Assembly con- tained many new men. There bad been a clash in the making of this new Constitution. Samuel Johnston had led the conserva- tives and been defeated, while Willie Jones had led the radicals to victory. There was bitterness and strife. Johnston, and doubt- less his followers, were partial to Hewes and Hooper, but they cared little for Penn. When the time came to elect representatives to the Continental Congress, Hooper, though no competitor ap- peared against him, lost a great many votes. He obtained sev- enty-six out of ninety. Samuel Johnston said : " Hewes was sup- planted of his seat in Congress by the most insidious arts and glaring falsehoods." James Iredell said that the reason alleged for his defeat was that he had been at home so long and also that he was holding two offices under one government, being a member of Congress and also a member of its most important committee. After Hooper's resignation, Hewes' friends felt that he could be elected unanimously, but thought also that it would be an in- dignity. Only Penn was returned and his majority was reduced. Whatever may have been the cause of this defeat, it looks like an example of a republic's ingratitude. Nevertheless, this Assembly was willing to employ Hewes, and asked him to fit out two vessels — the Pennsylvania Farmer and Kmg Tommy, but he declined because he was already the agent of the Continental Congress. During the remainder of 1778 he remained in Edenton, making at least one trip to Boston on business. In 1778 he was still in- terested in purchases for the conduct of the war. His health was in the meantime much improved. Hewes was probably returned to the Assembly by his old constituents of Edenton in 1778. Here he was, as usual, a member of many committees. When this Assembly was called upon to elect delegates to the 302 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " Continental Congress, Hewes was again chosen. James Iredell wrote his wife, who was an ardent admirer of Hewes, and looked upon him as a brother, since the death of her sister, Miss John- ston : " Hewes will be down soon . . . nothing; now detains him but his goodness in settling accounts he has no business with, and which no other man is equal to." On his return to Philadelphia in 1779 he worked hard, but his health was fast failing. He was never strong, and the trying times of 1776 had taxed his strength to the utmost. He sent his resignation to the General Assembly, which met in October at Halifax, but in November he died in Philadelphia at the post of duty, aged fifty. James Iredell wrote his wife : " The loss of such a man will long be severely felt, and his friends must ever remem- ber him with the keenest sensibility." Hooper wrote to Iredell : " The death of Hewes still preys upon my feelings. I know and had probed the secret recesses of his soul and found it devoid of guilt and replete with benignity." His funeral was attended by Congress, the Pennsylvania Assembly, the Minister of France, and many citizens, while Congress resolved to wear crape for him. Such was Joseph Hewes, the merchant member of Congress, an early Secretary of the Navy, a friend loved and trusted, and a signer of the Declaration of Independence. The following inscription may be read on a marble tablet set in the south wall of the brick store on the northeast corner of Broad and King streets, Edenton, N. C. : JOSEPH H EWES ONE OF THE SIGNERS OF THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OWN ED AND OCCU PIED THIS BUSIN ESS SITE FOR MANY YEARS JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 303 The following letters written by Joseph Hewes to his friend Judge Iredell are reprinted from Life and Correspondence of James Iredell, by Griffith I. McRee. Philadelphia, 31st Oct., 1774. I had a very disagreeable time of it till I arrived here, since which, I have had but little health and less spirits. The Congress broke up on Thursday last, their proceedings are now in the press, part of which is published, and which I now send directed to myself as postmaster at Edenton. I have the pleasure to inform you that they are generally approved of here by all ranks of people; the Germans who compose a large part of the inhabitants of this province are all on our side; the sweets of lib- erty little known in their own country are here enjoyed by them in its utmost latitude. Our friends are under apprehension that administration will endeavor to lay hold of as many delegates as possible, and have them carried to England and tried as rebels ; this induced the Congress to enter into a resolve in such cases to make a reprisal. I have no fears on that head, but should it be my lot, no man on earth could be better spared. Were I to suffer in the cause of American liberty, should I not be translated im- mediately to heaven as Enoch was of old? I consider myself extremely happy in the good opinion my friends at Edenton have of me. I wish I had merit to entitle me to it. They have my grateful acknowledgment. I am much pleased with Miss Nelly's letter, and am sorry I have trifled away so much time as not to be able to answer it by this post. Dear sir, Your obedient friend and servant, Joseph Hewes. (P. S. to this letter) I beg you will excuse haste. I now trespass on Congress hours. Philadelphia, 23d May, 1775. Dear Sir: — I know your anxiety to be informed what is doing in Congress, and wish I was at liberty to gratify it, but the secrecy enjoined the members puts it out of my power to give you any 304 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " information worth your attention. You will see by the papers which I send to Mr. Smith, the advice that is given to the people of New York relative to their city: to those papers I must beg leave to refer you for news ; you will find by them the New Yorkers have taken an active share in the opposition ; a tory dare not show his head amongst them ; the cry of liberty is irresistible in most of the colonies ; a military spirit has seized all orders of people ; this city is full of armed men ; they have now 28 companies of foot and two of horse ; each company consists of 68 men including officers ; they are called out twice every day to learn the military discipline, and I can assure you some of the companies perform it equal to any regular troops. Capt. Gillis makes so short a stay here that I fear I shall not have it in my power to send any shoes by him. I have urged the shoemakers to get them done, but they had so many orders not completed when I complied, that I fear the ladies and yourself must wait till the next opportunity for them. I received the shell per Capt. Gillis, and shall get it made into a box for Miss Penny as soon as possible. The ladies have always my best wishes, make my compliments acceptable to them. I have wrote to Mr. John- ston, so has Mr. Hooper ; if he is not at home when Gillis arrives, I desire you will open our letters to him, and read the contents before you send them. I am, very respectfully, dear sir, Your obliged and very humble servant, Joseph Hewes. Philadelphia, 8th July, 1775. Dear Sir: — I have sent by ("apt. Hatch's Sloop ten pairs of shoes for yourself, and six pairs for Mrs. Iredell and Mrs. Daw- son. I did intend to have sent double the number for the ladies, but could not prevail with the workmen to get them ready in time; the demand for women's shoes is so gnat that the makers cannot complete half their orders: when a tradesman has made a thou- sand promises and broke them all. he has one answer ready for every charge: sir, I have been under arms in the field. I have B en1 to the Committee of Correspondence at Edenton a copy of a letter from Genera] Gage t<> Governor Martin, also a copy of a letter from Governor Martin !<• Henrj White. Esq., in New York; t| M . (;,.„! was -'id to the Congress from the Provincial Convention JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 305 of New York, the latter from the Committee of this city; by them you may see what part our Governor intends to take in the pres- ent unhappy dispute. The Congress some days ago took into consideration the state of the trade of America; all the arguments that could be made for and against shutting up the ports on the 20th of July were duly attended to, and after mature deliberation they determined to let the matter rest on the Association Agreement entered into last Congress, so that the ports will remain open till the 10th of Sep- tember next, unless shut sooner by the people themselves in their separate committees ; a resolution was entered into against the two last restraining Acts of Parliament which you will see in the news- papers. The humble Petition and Remonstrance from the New York Assembly has been treated by the King and Parliament with the same contempt and neglect as they treated that from the Con- gress, last winter. It is said the Ministry desired the Agent to inform the Petitioners that they might apply to the army and navy at Boston for an answer; this circumstance has induced many of the tories in that colony to renounce their principles. It is certain that Administration have endeavored to prevail on the Canadians and Indians to fall upon our frontiers, and thai they had in contemplation a scheme to set our slaves free, and arm them against us ; by the fishing and restraining acts they meant to destroy our trade and starve us ; they have made mean conces- sions to all the powers of Europe to prevent our getting a supply of arms and ammunition ; they have sent a formidable fleet and army to seize our vessels and cut our throats ; they then charge us with rebellion, because we will not believe that they have a right to make laws to bind us in all cases whatsoever. Strange that we should be deemed rebels for an article of faith, — after all this, they add insult to injury, and tell us we are all poltroons and cowards. Close attention to business, bad health, and a weakness in my eyes, all contribute to prevent me from writing so much as I other- wise should do. I write in pain, and can scarcely see to read what I have written. I have sent to Mr. Smith a number of newspapers, some maga- zines, sermons, articles of war for the Continental Army, and a declaration of war from the Representatives of the United Colonies 306 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " of North America ; the}- are all intended for the amusement of my friends. My warmest good wishes and best compliments at- tend you and the ladies of my acquaintance; desire them to pray for, dear sir, Your most obt. humble servt. Joseph Hewes. Philadelphia, 9th Nov., 1775. Dear Sir : — When I came here and had conversed with the Mas- sachusetts delegates, I found it a difficult matter to get a letter sent to the Commissioners in Boston. I was informed no letter was suffered to go in till its contents had been examined by a committee, and that letters wrote by persons they thought dis- affected, were sometimes stopped, though the contents were only business or compliments. Under the circumstances, I thought it prudent to open your letter, and put it under cover to Gen. Wash- ington, at the same time requesting the favor of him, after he had read its contents, to send it into Boston, and to permit an an- swer to return the same way. I have not yet received an an- swer from him, but am in hopes it will not be long before I have that honor. I could think of no better way to get you an answer from the Commissioners. If I have done wrong I must rely on your goodness to excuse it. I can say but little on the score of politics — the present appearance is much against us and our cause. We have had no accounts from England later than the 26th of August. We are told our Petition will be disregarded; that we shall be declared rebels, and our estates confiscated; we are threatened with ships of war, troops, Russians, Hanoverians, and Hessians. God knows how it will end. Some officers from Gen. Gage's army have been detected in enlisting men in the Province of New York to go to Boston ; some of these recruits have been examined on oath, and declared that each of them was promised two hundred acres of land, not in the woods, but cleared cultivated laud with houses thereon, that they were to be put in possession at the end of the war, when the rebels were subdued, which they wrw taughl to believe would soon happen. We are in dailv expectation of further intelligence from England, several ela being expected here; the last ships that have arrived brough.1 I hr king's proclamation. You will see it in the news- papers; it is remarkable those ships brought \eiy few letters from JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 307 private persons — it would seem as if the proclamation had de- terred our friends from writing on the subject of politics. My best compliments to the ladies, and believe me to be, with much esteem, Dear Sir, Your most obedient and humble servant, Joseph Hewes. Philadelphia, 26th March, 1776. Dear Sir: — By the return of our express, I have been favored with your letter of the 2d instant ; I am much obliged to you for it. The letter you gave me for the Commissioners, and which I enclosed to General Washington, was by him sent into Boston, but no answer was ever returned. As I imagine you will be at Halifax, and will there see my friend Hooper, who will be able to give you all the news and politics, I shall not trouble you with anything in that way; as to myself, I am ashamed to be always complaining, yet I must say I think myself declining fast ; such close attention to business every day in Congress till three, four and sometimes five o'clock, and on committee almost every evening, and frequently in the morning before Congress meets, is too much for my constitution — however, my country is entitled to my serv- ices, and I shall not shrink from her cause, even though it should cost me my life. I send you enclosed the locket you desired me to get made for Mrs. Iredell; the jeweller was a long time about it, and has not pleased me in the execution ; the letters are not plain enough. In these times, when every mechanic is employed in learning how to kill Englishmen, it is impossible to get any thing done right. I send you, also enclosed, a piece of hair-work in a bracelet for Mrs. Pollok — it is done with Mrs. Buncombe's hair, and, I think, pretty well executed. Will you do me the favor to deliver it to Mrs. Pollok, with my most respectful compli- ments? I have a favor to beg of Mrs. Iredell — a lock of Miss Annie's hair, if such can be had, and you will oblige me by send- ing it to me by the first opportunity; if enclosed in a letter by post, I believe it will come safe. My compliments to Miss Nelly — I am much indebted to her for her letter by the return express; tell her I cannot write ; if she knew how much of my time was taken up on the public service and with how much pain I now write, she would excuse me for not doing it ; tell her I am getting my pic- 308 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " ture drawn in miniature, and as she may never have an opportun- ity of seeing the original again, I shall send her the copy when it is finished. 10 My compliments to Mrs. Johnston, Mrs. Dawson, Mrs. Blair, Miss Peggy and all friends. Adieu, and believe me with great truth, Dear Sir, Your most obedient and humble servant, Joseph Hewes. (Letter of 26th March, 1776.) P. S. I said I had enclosed the locket, but I am so much dis- pleased with it that I have retained it in hopes of getting it al- tered for the better; in the mean time, if Mrs. Iredell chooses to have hair put in it, and will send it me, with orders how it should be wrought in, I will have it done. J. H. Philadelphia, June 28th, 1776. Dear Sir : — I have to thank you for two letters, and believe me, I do it most heartily; you are almost the only correspondent I have in North Carolina, but more of this next opportunity ; at present I would confine myself to news. Burgoyne, with a large force, is arrived in Canada. Gen. Sullivan sent 2,000 men under Gen. Thompson to engage a party of the king's troops that were about forty miles below head-quarters, towards Quebec; but un- luckily the evening before Thompson came up with them, they had been reinforced by Burgoyne with several regiments just arrived; notwithstanding the superior force, Thompson engaged them, was repulsed with the loss of 150 mm, killed and taken prisoners. In tin retreat, Thompson and five or six officers were taken prisoners by a party <>f Canadians, who, though they were supposed to be OUT friends, found this a lucky time to make their peace with the strongest party. Our whole army are retreated to the Isle a Noir a littl.- on this side St. John's (1,500 of them have the small pox ; out of tine, regiments not more than fifty able to bear arms), in hopes to keep possession of the lakes. A damnable plot has been discovered in New York. The hellish tories had concerted a plan to murder Genera] Washington and several other generals, blow up the magazine and Bpike up all the cannon. They waited only The miniature, encased in gold and encircled with garnets, is now in the ,„, , [on .,)' Miss Helen Iredell, the grand-daughter of Miss Nelly Blair. JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " 309 for the arrival of the king's troops, when this plan was to have been executed. The general has not yet got to the bottom of this affair; many persons are taken up and imprisoned, some persons of note among them: the mayor of the city, the famous Major Rogers, &c, &C. 11 It is said Gov. Tryon is concerned, but he is safe on board a king's ship at Sandy Hook. So much for the dark side. Things go a little better in another quarter. Our Conti- nental vessels of war and some privateers have taken lately, at dif- ferent times and places, six large transport ships from Scotland, having in all near 600 of Frasier's regiment of Highlanders on board, with their baggage, arms, provisions, &c. An express that came half an hour ago informs that he saw upward of 200 of these march out of Boston, in order to be confined in the jail in the country. He says they are fine men — have all new regiment- als, scarlet faced with blue ; he came out, he says, with them, and heard many of them curse most bitterly both king and Parliament for deceiving them. They had been told not a rebel would be found on the sea coast: that they had all fled fifty or sixty miles back in the country, and that they were sent here to enjoy lands which the rebels had forsaken. They did not expert anything else, and had brought their wives in order to set down quiet, &c Gov. Franklyn is taken into custody, and sent prisoner to Con - necticut. On Monday the great question of independency and total sep- aration from all political intercourse with Great Britain will come on. It will be carried, I expect, by a great majority, and then, I suppose we shall take upon us a new name. My compliments to Mr. Johnston ; I received a line from him from Halifax, by the re- turn wagons, also one from Edenton, by Williams, who is the bearer of this. I have not time to write him now ; shall do it by post on Tuesday; he must consider this as written to him also. My compliments to the ladies. I am, dear sir, Your most obt. humble servt., Joseph Hewes. Of Joseph Hewes, one of the Signers of the Declaration of In- dependence, it is unnecessary to speak; his history is known to the Union. I need only say that he was affianced to Miss Isabella, the sister of Mr. Sam Johnston. The death of that amiable lady, ii Vid. Lossing's " Field Book of the Revolution," Vol. 1, p. 116. 310 JOSEPH HEWES, THE " SIGNER " before the consummation of their nuptials, left him so bereaved, and the recollection of her grace and virtue was so vivid, that he never married. He was always regarded by the Johnstons as a member of their family. — [P. 31. " Life and Correspondence of James Iredell."] Edextox, 20th July, 1772. I must say there is a gentleman in this town who is a very particular favorite of mine, as indeed he is of everybody, for he is one of the best and most agreeable men in the world. His name is Hewes. He is a merchant here, and our member for the town : the patron and greatest honor of it. About six or seven years ago, he was within a very few days of being married to one of Mr. Johnston's sisters (elder than the two young ladies now living) who died rather suddenly ; and this unhappy circumstance for a long time embittered every satisfaction in life to him. He has continued ever since unmarried, which I believe he will always do. His connection with Mr. Johnston's family is just such as if he had been really a brother-in-law, a circumstance that mutually does honor to them both. Ja. Iredell. Thursday, Nov. 19, 1772. Journal: . I took a walk with Mr. Hewes to his wharf, and spent a happy afternoon with him afterwards at his own house. This gentleman I greatly love and respect ; and I feel much concern that he has imbibed some prejudices which cannot stand the test of a fair inquiry, and which, if justly founded, would destroy the strongest ties of moral and social virtue, and would leave uncon- querable difficulties in the room of those which only seem such, for want of a due attention or a competent knowledge of the subject. As a man and gentleman, possessed of an excellent understanding, and blest with a good heart, Mr. Ilewes is deserving the honor and reaped universally shown him. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HE WES OF SALISBURY, MASS. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES, OF SALISBURY No evidence has jet been produced showing that there was any connection between George Hewes of Salisbury, and any other of the name in New England during his lifetime, other than his own descendants. There are so many coincidences, however, in the records and residences of members of this family and that of Joshua Hewes of Boston, that it would not be a matter of surprise if it should be found that George Hewes was a nephew or near kins- man of Lt. Joshua Hewes. FIRST GENERATION I. 1 GEORGE HEWES of Salisbury, found there in 1677, 1 as a " householder," and according to Hoyt (Old Families of Sal- isbury and Amesbury) he was living in 1682. He is probably that George Hues whose name follows that of Joshua Hues in the non-alphabetically arranged tax list of Boston in 1687, ~ but his name does not occur in the list for 1688, nor in that of 1691, nor in the list of inhabitants for 1695. 3 He appears to have had a warehouse and landing place on the Merrimack, and according to the Horace G. Hewes Ms. was part owner of the brig Salisbury, from which it is inferred he was a merchant. He enjoyed the prefix of respect, " Mr." as may be seen in the record of a vote 16 May, 1682, when the town of Salisbury ac- cepted " with all thankfulness " a bell presented them by " Mr. George Hewes," and as a further mark of appreciation grant him whatever rights the town had in " Deare Island," and requested Mr. Bradbury to write a note to Mr. Hewes to deliver the bell to Goodman Norton and others to be brought to the meeting-house. i Petition of "householders," and members of the church in separate lists. Hewes does not appear to have been a church member. Archives, quoted by Hoyt. 2 Archives 126:286, printed in 1st Rept. Boston Record Commissioners. s The name of Ralph Hues appears on the lists of 1688, 1691. 311 312 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES Solomon Hewes gave a deed to the island, 17 March, 1698, to John Stevens (Essex Deeds, 13:300). Deer Island is in the Merri- mack between Salisbury and Newburyport, and is crossed by the Essex-Merrimack bridge. He married Mary Allen, daughter of William and Ann (Good- ale) Allen of Salisbury. She was born 29 July, 1611, and is named in her father's will of Sept., 1671 (Essex Probate), also in the will of her brother Richard Allen, proved in 1678. A deed recorded in 1722, (Essex Deeds, 38:215) recites that Joseph Allen, Jeremiah Allen, and Mary Hues, legatees of Richard Allen, their brother, who by will gave them all his estate, except a chest he bequeathed unto Samuel son of his brother Peter Eyer, and George Hues husband of the said Mary, grant to Benjamin Allen of Haverhill, their brother, 40 acres in Haverhill. This deed was given 15 Oct., 1679. According to it Richard Allen's will was proved at Hampton, 8 Oct., 1678. Mary (Allen) Hewes joined the church at Salisbury, 21 July, 1687, two weeks prior to the baptism of her two children. After her husband's death, she probably married Ensign Thomas Hart of Ipswich, one of the Selectmen of that town who in 1687 had de- fied the orders of Gov. Andros and his council, in the matter of the town of Ipswich refusing to appoint Commissioners to make a return of estates in that town for the purposes of taxation. He was accused of treason (See Waters: "History of Ipswich"). She was living in 1701, as that year, 10 June, Solomon Hewes of Portsmouth, joiner, in a deed mentions a meadow " made sure unto my mother Mrs. Mary Hewes, sometime of Salisbury by Andrew Greely of Haverhill." He styles himself heir to his father George Hewes of Salisbury, showing that there were no other children of George at that time alive. See also his deeds of 1698. 11 Jan., 1702/3, Solomon "Hughes" of Portsmouth, grants to Ensign Thomas Hart, of Ipswich, and Mary his wife, a lease for life of Mary, of land in Portsmouth, in consideration of rc- [ea.se to said Solomon by Baid Hart and his wife of a messuage, or tenement ami lands, in Salisbury, 15 March, 1697-8 (N. H. Deeds, 7:66). ( 'hildren: '> William, horn 27 June, 1 ()72 ; baptized at Salisbury, 7 Aug., 1687. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 313 3+ Solomon', born 2 Jan., 1674-5, baptized at Salisbury, 7 Aug., 1687; in guardianship papers of 1693 described as of Ipswich. SECOND GENERATION II. 2 WILLIAM HEWES {George), of Boston in 1693, when he gave a bond with Phillip English of Salem, merchant, in £60 as guardian of his brother Solomon. The bond is dated 11 Sept., 1693, and William is described as an anchor-smith. He wrote a good hand, if his signature is sufficient evidence (Essex Probate, 14,355). There was a William Hewes of Boston in 1699 who had a wife, Mary, and a child Ebenezer, born 7 Feb., 1699-1700 (Boston records). There are no deeds recorded in Essex or Suffolk rec- ords by or to William of this family. As Solomon, in deed to Joseph Greely 11 June, 1701, describes himself as " heir to his father," in spite of his being younger than William, it would ap- pear that William had deceased and left no heirs except his brother Solomon. There is no further trace of this William or Ebenezer Hewes on Boston or Suffolk records. Child: 4 Ebenezer, born 7 Feb., 1699-1700; probably died soon after birth. II. 3 SOLOMON HEWES {George), bora in Salisbury, 2 Jan., 1674-5. He was living subsequent to 1756 (Suffolk files, 100, 633). He married Martha Calef, 28 Sept., 1700 (Boston Records ; his name being spelled Howes in the entry of the mar- riage). The first nine children are entered upon the town records of Portsmouth, N. H. (N. E. H. G. Reg. 24:358). Children : 5+ George, son of " Solomon and Martha," born 13 Aug., 1701. 6+ William, born 2 Dec, 1706. 7+ Robert, born 2 Aug., 1708. 8+ Daniel, born 4 July, 1710. 314* DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES The above four children were baptized in the North Church, Portsmouth, 22 June, 1712. 9+ Sarah, born 6 July, 1712; died prior to 1797, leaving an only child Sarah Hawkins of Franklin, Mass. ; unmarried in 1800. (Providence Deeds 28:148.) 10+ Joseph, bom 22 Dec, 1714. 11+ Benjamin, twin with Joseph. 12 Mary, born 24 Nov., 1718, baptized in the North Church 9 Dec, 1716; died prior to 1799; married 23 March, 1748, Daniel Ware of Wrentham. Children: Daniel Ware ; Mary Ware, married [ ] Robishaw ; Je- rusha Ware, wife of [ ] Norton ; Olive Ware, wife of Jeremiah Mann (See No. 105) ; all of whom were liv- ing in 1799. 13 Elizabeth, born 28 March, 1718; died prior to 1799; mar- ried 25 May, 1743, James Hill of Wrentham, and had Elizabeth Hill, wife of Noah Morse of Attleboro, wheel- wright, 1799, and Huldah Hill, widow of [ ] Perry of Rehoboth in 1799. 14 Hannah, born at Wrentham 29 July, 1720; married (inten- tion at Norton, 14 March, 1743-4) Isaac White of Nor- ton. She was of Mansfield, a widow, in 1799 and 1800. Solomon Hewes chose his brother William as his guardian 11 Sept., 1693, when he was " of Ipswich." The year after his mar- riage he was living in Portsmouth, N. H., where he had bought land 17 March., 1697-8, of John Stevens and wife Dorothy (N. H. Deeds, 9:752.), and remained there 1 until he settled in that part of Dorchester called Dorchester New Grant, later Stoughton and Wrentham. He was admitted a member of the North Church, Portsmouth, 80 May, 1712. While a resident of Portsmouth, describing himself as a "joiner," Solomon Hewes granted, in exchange for a tenement at Strawberry Hank, to John Stevens of Portsmouth, a tenement, warehouse, orchard and meadow in Salisbury, being eleven acres running along the Merrimack river, and mar Gunner's Rock, also Deer Island, 44 acres of meadow, and a lot, etc., 17 March, 1698 (Esses Deeds 13:800). ()n the 11 June, 1701, " In consideration of a meadow made i He served as ;■ scout In 1719 for two weeks under Capt, Jnmcs Davis, one of CoL Vaughn's regimenl (N. H. Rev. Rolls). DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 315 sure unto my honored mother Mrs. Mary Hewes, sometimes of Salisbury," by Andrew Greeley of Haverhill, Sr., and cordwainer, with other pay paid to said mother, he " as heir of my honored father, Mr. George Hewes, sometime of Salisbury " grants to Jo- seph Greeley three acres upland in Haverhill, formerly William Carr's, between houselots of Edward Clark and land of Samuel Shepherd (Essex Deeds, 6:17). The last deed given by him when a resident of Portsmouth was 1 Sept., 1719, in which wife Martha joined (11, 123). On the 23 Feb., 1724, as of Dorchester, yeoman, with wife Martha he sold land in Portsmouth (N. H. Deeds, 15:74). In 1722 the proprietors of Dorchester, through a committee, granted to Solomon Hewes lands in the New Grant called the School farm, 650 acres (Suffolk deeds, 36:83). The inhabitants of the extreme western part of Dorchester " South Presint," be- ing three or four miles from Wrentham meeting house asked to be set off to Wrentham, and, on the town refusing, petitioned the General Court, who granted their petition 27 Nov., 172-1. Sol- omon Hewes was one of the petitioners, but the " School Farm " in his possession was not set off from Dorchester. Dorchester New Grant originally embraced the later towns of Canton, Sharon, Stoughton, nearly all of Foxboro, a large part of Wrentham and nearly a quarter part of Dedham (See Huntoon's notes in Dedham Transcript). There is no record of settlement of his estate, other than a deed of 1742 by which he disposed of his lands to " sundry of his children, viz.: William, Daniel, Joseph, Benjamin, Mary. Elizabeth and Hannah, in consideration of £150 and love and affection," granting them, in equal proportions, land he bought of Stephen Boutineau, administrator of Benjamin Bate of Dor- chester, about 90 acres, situated in " Dorchester, alias Wrentham, alias Stoughton," and bounded east and south by his own land, also " all my land called the School farm where I dwelt for and during the whole lease as it was agreed upon by and between my father-in-law, Mr. Robert Calif, and the selectmen of Dorchester, they paying the rent, it being two parcels of land " laid out on both sides the road to Wading river, and partly on the road to Rehoboth alias Seaconk, 650 acres, bounded " at the fence erected by Mr. Robert Calif as it now stands, ranging with the same east southeast to a tree," thence southwest to Taunton line, ex- cept what was granted Samuel Brenton and Wading River House, 316 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES also, etc. Part of the land ran to Plymouth line. The lease mentioned was dated 25 Jan., 1709/10. The deed was dated 1 Nov., 1742 (Suffolk Deeds 64:169). Solomon Hewes was one of the partners, or shareholders, in the Land Bank, an institution chartered by the Colony after a long contest by the conservative clement against it. The bank began business and issued its notes against assignments of real estate, but was speedily put out of business by an Act of Parliament passed in 1741 suppressed this corporation, and the holders of the notes met with loss. An attempt was made to recover from the partners enough to redeem the notes. Solomon Hewes was sued, and in 1751 the sheriff seized his estate for a debt of £600. Nothing could be taken as he had only a leasehold for a long term of years, and had taken the precaution when the fate of the bank was perceived to convey to his sons his entire interest. In Jan., 1764, Sam- uel Johnson of Boston, scrivener, brought suit against William Hewes, yeoman, and Daniel Hewes, husbandman, both of Wren- tham, to recover possession of the school farm which he claimed consisted of 960 acres and which had been leased to Robert Calif of Roxbury, clothier, for 308 years from 25 March, 1750. John- son claimed under a lease from Timothy Stevens, physician, for fifteen years from 1755. The evidence in the case includes, among other papers, a deposition of Samuel Stevens to the effect that Solomon Hewes and his son came from Wrentham and met John Calif of Chester, his brother-in-law, for whom he had sent, and remained waiting most of the night for the papers to be drawn which gave to his sons all his interest in the lands. Stevens un- derstood, but did not see the papers, that Solomon's children were to give a bond to their father. Stevens seems also to have been a brother-in-law of Calif. James Filmore and wife Thankful, who si cm to have had some interest in the matter, testified as to their residence with Dr. Daniel Hewes on the school farm in 1756 or 1757, when the father was living, and to the effed that from Dan- iel or his father they learned the transfer was for the purpose of evading Liability from the failure of the hank, and that Solomon retained a half interest in the improvement s, but lest the creditors should learn of this, Daniel. \\h<> held tin' agreements, destroyed th,iii. Dr. .Joseph surrendered his share to his father; William lived on the portion reserved to the father, whose cattle were there, DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 317 Solomon's daughter White had done nothing for her father, and Daniel and William had trouble, and nearly a law suit, over tin- division (See Suffolk files, 100, 633). Boston Selectmen's Records mention that in 1736 while on a voyage to the Eastward, Hewes was approached by a Mr. Lud- gate, a passenger, then at law with the town of Boston, who at- tempted to induce him to get chosen to a jury which was to hear his suit. Hewes took an early opportunity to acquaint the Selectmen of Boston of the occurrence. Solomon Hewes of Dorchester, innkeeper, was allowed £6 by the Council for entertaining and attending William Milton, a poor stranger taken sick at his house, and funeral charges, he dying there (Council records). 28 Feb., 1744, Daniel Hewes of Mendon, Joseph Hewes of At- tleboro, Benjamin Hewes of Norton, Mary Hewes of Wrentham, James Hill and Elizabeth his wife, and Isaac White and Hannah his wife, all of Norton, grant all their rights in the Bates farm (80 acres) in Stoughton, bounding on land of William Hewes and on the School farms, to William Hewes of Stoughton (Suff. Deeds, 69:241). 24 Oct., 1747, James Hill and Elizabeth his wife of Attleboro, for £200 and love and affection, grant to their brother Daniel Hewes of Wrentham, physician, all their right in the School farm which they had from their father and which is now in possession of Daniel Hewes (Ibid., 77:190). The 22 Nov. following, Ben- jamin Hewes of Norton gives a similar deed (Ibid., 77:191). Martha the wife of Solomon Hewes was daughter of Robert Calif of Roxbury, a clothier, who died 13 April, 1719, leaving a widow Mary. Robert Calif, a merchant, had in 1700 published " More Wonders of the Invisible World," the book which placed Cotton Mather in such an unenviable light, and threw such an illumination upon the Witchcraft delusion at Salem in 1692, that Increase Mather, then president of Harvard College, ordered a copy burned in the College yard. Calif had interfered with Mather's plans to reawaken in Boston, the excitement which had subsided at Salem. Mather had found in certain " manifesta- tions " produced through the agency of Margaret Rule and others, of the nature now common in spiritualistic seances, evi- dences, such as appealed to his love of the mysterious, of satanic influences in Boston. Calif by his opposition was instrumental 318 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES in discrediting the attempts of Mather, won the latter's hatred, and was arrested on his complaint, but nothing came of it. Later Calif sent the manuscript, which he had prepared seven, or perhaps six, years before, to London for publication. This action on his part required courage, and his book gave great offense to many estimable persons. Mather answered with " Some few Re- marks upon a Scandalous Book." Calif died at the age of 71, 1 and is buried in the cemetery at the corner of Eustis and Wash- ington streets. He lived on the opposite corner of Eustis street, and but a stone's throw north of the homestead of Joshua Hewes, but came to Roxbury after the latter's departure thence. It is indeed an odd coincidence that Calif, father of the wife of Sol- omon Hewes, no known kin to Joshua Hewes, should have re- sided almost upon the latter's original estate, and a further coin- cidence that Joshua Hewes' gravestone, just one century after his decease, should have been found in close proximity to the home for many years of George and Robert Hewes, sons of Sol- omon and Martha (Calif) Hewes. THIRD GENERATION III. 5 GEORGE HEWES (Solomon, George), of Boston, tanner and glue-maker, born in Portsmouth, N. H., 13 Aug., 1701 ; died in Boston, 3 July, 1749 Ia aged 49 (Granary epitaph). He married 14 Nov., 1728 (Boston and Roxbury records) Abi- gail, Sever, daughter of Shubael and Abigail (Twelve 2 ) Sever of Roxbury, born 19 Oct., 1711 (N. E. Hist. Gen. Register, 26:306). Children, from Boston records: 15 Samuel, born 12 July, 1730. Samuel Hewes, fisherman, buried 4 Nov., 1765, aged 36 (King's Chapel records). 16+ Shubael, born 17 Oct., 1732; baptized Old South, 22 Oct. i Mi. daughter Mary married, 1712, Dr. Samuel Stevens of Hoxl.ury. whose daughter Mary was mother of Dr. Joseph Warren, General in the Conti- nental army, who fell at Bunker Hill. iB«Granary Epitaphs" give us the death of a George Hewes, «> May. L770, B „d 88 The Lis1 of arrivals ai Boston, published in Record Commission- erV reporl 29, Minus H„- arrival In Boston, IS Feb., 1769, of Mr. George Hewes, a butcher, and his son, from Halifax, In the sloop Bp&§dwM. 2The Twelve family Is found In Cambridge, England, at the time orthe migration to New England. An Edward Twelve was .named to Judith Wyles, M Sept, 1618, a1 St Botolphs, Cambridge. G '/. f. '; z * DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 319 17+ Solomon, born 4 Dec, 1734; baptized Old South, 8 Dec. 18 Abigail, born 19 July, 1737 ; baptized Old South 24 July ; died aged 13 years, 11 Oct., 1748 (g. s. Granary). 19 Martha, born 27 June, 1739; died aged 4 years, 11 June, 1743 (g. s. Granary). 20+ George Robert Twelve, born 25 Aug., 1742, baptized 26 Sept. at Old South; died at Richfield Springs, N. Y.. t Nov., 1840. 21 Daniel, born [ ], 1744; over 14 years of age, 11 Feb., 1757, when he chose Robert Hewes, farmer, his guardian (Suffolk Probate). He was baptized at the Old South 16 Dec, 1744, and died in Purchase street, Boston, aged 77 years, 9 July, 1821, of jaundice (Bos- ton records), leaving a will dated 5 July and proved 16 July, 1821. He was a mason, and was one of the guards appointed to guard the tea ships, to prevent the landing of tea, at the meeting held 29 Nov., 1773. (Mass. Hist. Col. I, 20 :13.) During the Revolution he lived in Wren- tham. His wife Thankful died 7 Sept., 1820, act. 68, of consumption. 22 Ebenezer, born 26, baptized 30, Nov., 1746; died 10 Oct., 1748 aet. 1 year 11 mos. 23 Joseph, died 15 June, 1748 (g. s. Granary). George Hewes of Boston, tanner, bought, 14 April, 1729, of Henry Deering of Boston, merchant, and Elizabeth his wife, for £600 bills of credit, an undivided third part of a messuage, gar- den and tanyard bought by Deering, Mathew Adams and Nathan- iel Gardner in equal shares from Joseph Bridgham and others in 1729, bounded as found by a jury in 1715 in making division of the Bridgham estate, and in part bounded northerly 150 feet *' on toward Water street," southerly land late of James Bridgham, deceased, and on land late of John Bridgham, de- ceased, and easterly on land late of Henry Bridgham, deceased (Suffolk Deeds, 46:113). On 22 Nov., 1731, George Hewes and Abigail, his wife, sell one-half of their interest in the above de- scribed property to Robert Hewes, tanner, for £322, and the same day took back a mortgage on the land so sold which was dis- charged 18 Dec, 1733. On the 20 December following, George and Robert united in mortgagine: their whole interest to Nathan- iel Cunningham for 421 ounces of silver, which mortgage was 320 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES discharged the following year (Ibid., 48:54*). Cunningham was a merchant, and he entered into a partnership with the brothers Hewes, 16 Jan., 1734, for a term of seven years, giving a bond in £10,000 to furnish £2,000 capital for the purchase of hides and skins, which sum was to be repaid to him. -The brothers were to carry on the business, provide tanhouse, tanyard, mills, millhouses, warehouse, etc. ; to provide slaughter houses for the use of the butchers, and servants to clean them. The profits were to be divided into two parts. Part of the hides were to be made into " bend leather " as an experiment, the rest tanned in the common vats. Cunningham was dissatisfied with the results of the partnership and in 1739 brought suit and obtained judg- ment against his partners, and in one of these suits Solomon Hewes of Wrentham figured as a defendant with the others, for £396. Execution was taken out 15 Aug., 1741. In August, 1750, Robert Hewes, as surviving partner of George Hewes, de- ceased, obtained a small judgment against Cunningham. The case was very bitterly fought, reaching in time the highest court. Cunningham seems to have demanded a division of the profits be- fore the stock could be properly manufactured and sold, and to have stood upon his technical rights, forcing the abandonment of the business. The Hewes brothers then turned their attention to conducting such business as they could, making use of their plant for the conduct of manufacturing candles and glue, and butchering cattle. The papers in the case of Cunningham versus Hewes are numerous and interesting, throwing light upon busi- ness methods of that day. (See Suffolk files, Nos. 38,587; 55,085; 97,144; 67,677. etc., also records of the Superior Court of Judicature for 17:59, and Mass. Archives.) When Boston was settled, an inlet of the harbor came up to the presenl post office building. In 1700 there was a wharf north of the Bridgham lot, which was used as a lanyard from early times. Deacon Henry Bridgham, tanner, was in possession in 1655. His land ran from Water to Milk street, the present Congress street passing over it. On pari of lliis estate stood the famous Julien house. Not only the Hewes brothers plied their trade here,' but, • While excavating f<>r tin- foundation <>t' the Lawrence block which stood in wh.-ii is now I'ust Office Square, aboul opposite tin- New England Mutual Life hnildirifr. old tan TatS were found in which hides still remained. Other evidences proved thai a wheelwright's Bhop had also once stood there. Sir .1. \v. |{. in Bo$ton Trarucript, Queries, Note !>s:{. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE IIEWES 321 so did Joseph Calif, their cousin, who died in 1763 (Boston Rec- ord Com., 2, 101). George Hewes lived in a house on the northeast corner of Con- gress and Water streets as late as 1742, at the sign of the Bull's Head (family papers). In 1737 he was living in a house in Union street, belonging to Daniel Johonnot (Selectmen's rec- ords). He had erected some buildings prior to 1735 on his land in Water street, but these were evidently used in connection with his business. He was chosen measurer of boards and timber and viewer of shingles in 1724, and in 1727 held the position of hogreeve, which even then was assigned to the newly or about to be married young men. In 1740 he is found, in connection with Robert Hewes and Sol- omon Hewes of Wrentham, among the partners in the Land Bank (N. E. Register 50:197). Administration on his estate was granted to Robert Hewes, glue maker, 5 Sept., 1766, who gave as sureties Shubael Hewes and Solomon Hewes (Suffolk Probate, 65:356). III. 6 WILLIAM HEWES (Solomon, George), of Wren- tham, born in Portsmouth, N. H., 2 Dec, 1706; died probably prior to 1790, as his name does not appear in the census returns of that year. He married 16 Feb., 1736, Mary Ware of Wren- tham, who was living in 1784 (Suffolk Deeds 174:196). William Hewes and Mary his wife, of Stoughton, in 1750, joined with other heirs of Dr. Benjamin Ware of Wrentham m conveying land (Ibid., 85:116). In January, 1764, Samuel Johnson of Boston, scrivener, brought suit against William and Daniel Hewes of Wrentham, al- leging that they had forcibly seized 960 acres of land there, with the building thereon, which he claimed by lease for fifteen years from Timothy Stevens, physician, from 1755. In his complaint, Johnson sets forth that Solomon Hewes occupied the land leased by the Selectmen of Dorchester to Robert Calef, clothier, for 308 years, commencing 25 March, 1740, and that he had mortgaged the property to the Land Bank for £600. It appears that the sheriff seized the property on execution in 1751 (Suffolk files 100,633). On the 15 Oct., 1778, William Hewes of Foxboro, yeoman, gave to his grandchildren, Sarah and Jesse Everett, Jr., children of 322 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES his daughter Sarah Everett, deceased, and to daughter Abigail, wife of Daniel Parker of Mansfield two-thirds of 250 acres, re- serving liberty for John Hewes, Jr., to take lumber to repair his buildings. The deed is witnessed by Joseph Hewes (Norfolk Deeds, 7:245). Children, all but the youngest from Wrentham records: 24 William, born 9 Dec, 1739; baptized 18 Oct., 1747. 25 Sarah, born 19 Jan., 1741 ; married [ ] Everett, and had children : Sarah Everett and Jesse Everett. 26 Mary, born 20 July, 1743. 27 Martha, born 5 Aug., 1745; probably deceased prior to 1799. 28 Abigail, born 5 July, 1749; married at Mansfield, 22 Dec, 1777, Daniel Parker, of Norton, physician. In 1784 she joined with Mary Hewes, widow, and Joseph Hewes, Jr., in selling land (Suffolk Deeds, 174:196). She lived in Norton in 1799. 29+ Joseph, born 3 July, 1751 ; living in 1790. 30+ James, [ ] of Richmond, N. H., in 1799. A James Hewes of Wrentham served six months in the com- pany of Capt. Haskins, Col. Jacobs' regiment, at Tiver- ton,' R. I., enlisting 2 July, 1778 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). HI. 7 ROBERT HEWES (Solomon, George), of Boston, tanner and glue-maker, born in Portsmouth, N. H., 2 Aug., 1708; died 20 Feb., 1770, aged 60 (Granary Epitaphs). This date should undoubtedly be 1776, as administration on his estate was granted to Deborah Hewes, widow, 7 March, 1777, who gave surety with Shubael Hewes, tallow chandler, and John Haskins, gentleman. In the letter of administration Robert is styled soap- boiler. Inventory of his estate showed he owned a small dwelling house, which with the land was valued at £738, a work house with land valued at £200, another small building with land at £90. Hi. total «-tat, amounted to £1,858-14-00. In the inventory he is called flue-maker. He married 28 Dec., 1719. or according to the Horace G. Hewes Ms. 18 Feb., 17 b9, Ann Frey (Boston records), who died 19 July, 1761, aged 86, (Granary Epi- taphs), and lie had administration on her estate 1771, when he is Btyled tallow chandler, giving surety with Shubael Hewes DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 323 and Edward Barker (Suffolk Probate). She was buried from King's Chapel, 22 July, 1761, aged 35. He married second, 13 Dec., 1770, Deborah Waite, who married again 30 Oct., 1777, Caleb Ray (Boston records). Her dower was set off to her in 1778, from which it appears that the dwelling house was in New- bury Street and had a shop in front, which, with two rooms and a kitchen back of it, was set off with half the garden to the widow for her life (Suffolk Probate, 78-634 ). 4 Robert Hewes was in the tanning business with his brother, as told under George, and in 1739 desired leave to set a stall up in Water Street to sell meat (Selectmen's records). In 1766 he was perhaps the Robert who was of Hughs, Tilh r & Co., who had a stand near the South Market (Town records), and he is more than once mentioned in connection with the market. In 1772 he had a slaughter house in Pleasant Street. In 1760 and 1761 he was sealer of leather. On the 24 April, 1775, he surrendered, in common with the other Boston inhabitants, his arms to the Selectmen. Children, not on town record: 31 Robert, born 1751 ; buried 20 July, 1830, aged 79 (Hollis St. Church records) ; died " of old age " in Boston 19 July (Boston records), 1830. "Dr. Robert Hewes aged 79, long known as a celebrated bone setter and fencing master" (Columbian Centinel of 31 July). He was buried in Tomb 18, in the Common Buryground. In early life he followed his father's business, that of tallow chandlery, and as late as 1796 the name of Robert Hewes, soap-boiler, glue and rosin maker, works in Pleasant Street; house 92 Newbury Street, is found in the Boston Directory; and in 1804 as fencing master. In 1825 he advertised as a " surgeon bone setter, corner of Essex ; Poland Starch maker, 372 Washington Street, teacher of sword exercises, Boylston Market." In 1829 the sin- gle word " gentleman " appears after his name. He was an eccentric and extraordinary man, said by his cousin Samuel Hewes in 1860 to have been short, a bit rotund, of light complexion, and very active. He owned and 4 Apparently lie was following the trade of a " Japanner " in 1726, when he was sued for debt (Suffolk Court Common Pleas). 324- DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES with Peter Barnard occupied a three-story wooden dwell- ing with 3,744 sq. feet land, corner of Essex and New- bury (Washington) Streets, bounding south on Essex Street, west on Newbury. Adjoining was a brick shop and a barn (U. S. Direct tax of 1790). He conceived the idea of making glass and erected works at Temple, N. H., which were destroyed in 1780. His neighbors assisted him to rebuild, but again he suffered from the same cause, and the following February he asked aid of the Selectmen to rebuild. Nevertheless he refused an of- fer of a loan from the town, but sought authority for a lottery for which an act was passed by the New Hamp- shire legislature 30 March, 1781, authorizing the raising of £2,000 to encourage the manufacture of glass. His petition to the Assembly dated 27 Jan., 1781, recites that " At great expense " he has " got the manufactory so nigh to perfection and being unable to proceed further without public encouragement." This, however, was not successful and nothing more was done. It is said his workmen were Hessians and Waldeckers who had de- serted from the British army. (See Blood; " History of Temple," who, however, is mistaken in thinking these the first glass works in New England, as glass had been man- ufactured in Salem as early as 1647.) After returning to Boston he petitioned the General Court of Massachu- setts for a lottery in aid of the erection of a glass manu- factory in Pleasant Street, and for a patent as the dis- coverer of his process (Archives, 187:292, 293}). The " Sons of Liberty " observed the anniversary of the en- forced resignation of the distributor of the stamps pro- vided by the hated Stamp Act, and at Dorchester 14 Aug., 1769, among those present were Robert Hewes and Jabez Hatch (Mass. Hist. Proc. I, Vol. 11, 144). He married Mi.kia.m [ ], who died 31 May, 1821, and was buried 1 June, 1821, aged 70 (Hollis St. Church records). He left a will,' - ' in which he styles himself " Robert Hewes of Boston, bonesetter," and to which he affixed the following curious preamble: o He was din en hogreevc in 1790. a Probated SO Aug., 18S0, Suffolk Probate, 198-3:198. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 325 " Boston, December 27, 1816. Whereas, it being the undoubted Right of men of Property to make their Will and if they have no children of their owne but numerous other relations, it then Becomes their duty to (sic) to Leave their property to them that most deserves or most needes it — therefore it is my Will to Leave my Prop- erty (after my wife's and my own Decease and my just Depts are paid) to the Grandchildren of my well Be- loved cousin Joseph Hewes of Foxborough, said grand- children to be hereinafter mentioned and the portion as- signed to each, and whereas it being Customary for peo- ple when they make their Will, to Declare their Theo- logical or Religious oppinion — I am what is now Called an Unitarian a Worshipper of the King Eternal, Immor- tal, Invisible the only wise God, and that at our Decese the Soul returns to its father God that Gave it, as the Body returns to its mother Earth it came from, for there is nothing Lost in Nature. As Pope says: Safe in the hand of one all Dispensing Power in the Mortal as in the Natal hour Here then we rest the universal Cause, Acts not by partial, but by General Laws in all the madness of superfluous health the train of pride, the Impudence of Wealth. Let this Great truth be present night and day but most be present when we preach or pray or make a Will. Look round our World; Behold the chain of Love Combining all Below and all above; See plastick Nature working to this end the single atoms each other tend Attract, attracted to the next in place formed and impelled its Neighbor to embrace. See Matter next with Various life endowed press to one Center Still, the General Good, See Dying Vegetables Life Sustain, See Life Dissolving, vegetate again All forms that perish other forms supply By turns we catch the Vital Breath and Die Like Bubbles on the sea of Matter Borne They use, they Break and to that Sea Return. Nothing is foreign, parts relate to whole; One all Extending, all preserving Soul. — or thus — All are but parts of one stupendous whole Whose body nature is and God the Soul. 326 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES Now I procede to make my Will as follows : — There- fore Know all men that I, Robt. Hewes of Boston, Bone- setter. I give to my Beloved wife Meriam if I should die first, etc." He provided for the division of his estate as follows : To Robert Hewes, Jr., " son of my cousin Joseph Hewes of Foxboro " four-tenths ; to children of Sally, wife of Gilbert Clark of Medway, a daughter of Joseph Hewes of Foxboro, three-tenths ; and to children of Sally Clark, daughter of Truelove Clark and a granddaughter of Jo- seph Hewes of Foxboro, one-tenth ; to the children of Jo- seph Hewes, Jr., son of Joseph Hewes of Foxboro, two- tenths. By second wife, Deborah: 32 Isaac, who died 1775, and was buried on the 5 Sept., " aet. 2 years," described as son of Robert and Deborah on records of Kings Chapel. III. 8 DR. DANIEL HEWS (Solomon, George), of Attle- boro, Mass., born in Portsmouth, N. H., 4 July, 1710; probably died prior to 1790; married Abigail [ ] He had part of the School Farm. In 1752 he mortgaged part of his land in Attleboro to Doctor Joseph Hewes of Providence (Bris- tol Deeds, 39, 126), who the same year reconveyed it to him. Children: 33+ Susanna, born 23 July, 1748 (Wrentham Vital Records) ; married Thomas Hinckley of Boston. 34 Abigail, born 15 Nov., 1752 (Attleboro Town records). 35+ Daniel, born 1755; died 1846. III. 10 DR. JOSEPH HEWES (Solomon, George), born in Portsmouth, N. H., 22 Dec, 1714; died in Providence, R. I., in 1796, administration being granted on his estate 15 Nov. Dr. Joseph Hewes practiced in Wrentham, Mass., prior to his re- moval to Providence, which was not later than 7 1753, when he purchased 10 acres of land there. He was successful, and ac- 7 In 1743 lio was of Attleboro. A deed given by him is witnessed by Mar- tini I hues (Bristol Deeds, 30l4). DR. JOSEPH HEWES HOUSE, PROVIDENCE Front and rear views DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 327 quired a good estate. At his death his personal estate inven- toried $20,889, very largely in notes of hand. He also pos- sessed a considerable estate in lands, including a mansion house in Hewes street which is still standing. Although most of his real estate was in the town of Providence, he owned land in Mendon, Bellingham, Milford and elsewhere. The registry of Deeds of Providence and of Bristol County, Mass., show that he was a considerable dealer in real estate. In 1763, Jonathan Arnold advertised that he had opened an apothecary shop in the new house built by Dr. Joseph Hewes in the North end of the town (Narragansett Register 5; 348). This is the Arnold-Whipple house so called. In the inventory of his estate, the " shop " in the mansion house is mentioned. He was a patriot, and in February, 1776, was named as a mem- ber of the Committee of Safety appointed to procure funds as per a Resolution of the Continental Congress 20 Jan., 1776 (Proc. Gen. Assembly R. I. in Col. Rec. 7:453). In the Census of 1790 he is named, the only one of the name in Rhode Island, except Spicer Hewes of Barrington, and his house- hold was enumerated as consisting of two males over sixteen years of age, and one female. His nephew Joseph Hewes, Jr., also a physician, son of his twin brother Benjamin, had died in 1785. Probably the younger man studied under his uncle. It is not known if Joseph Hewes ever married, but at his death his estate passed to his heirs at law, his surviving brothers and sisters, and children of his deceased brothers and sisters, as shown by a deed recorded with Worcester Deeds, 136:544, and several deeds recorded in Providence, R. I. These show the heirs to have been : Robert Hewes of Boston, gentleman, who had wife Miriam, hav- ing a ninth interest ; Benjamin Hewes of Swanzey, N. H., and of Foxboro, Mass., gen- tleman, with wife Elizabeth, having a ninth interest; Hannah White, widow, of Mansfield, having a ninth interest ; Sarah Hawkins of Franklin, Mass., single woman, having a ninth interest ; Joseph Hewes of Foxboro, gentleman, with wife Sarah, having an eighteenth interest ; James Hewes of Richmond, N. H., gentleman, with wife Mary, having an eighteenth interest ; 328 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES Shubael Hewes of Boston, gentleman, with wife Martha, having a thirty-sixth interest; Daniel Hewes of Boston, mason, with wife Thankful, having a thirty-sixth interest ; Solomon Hewes of Boston, fisherman, with wife Sarah, having a thirty-sixth interest ; George Robert Twelve Hewes of Wrentham, yeoman, with wife Sarah, having a thirty-sixth interest; Daniel Hewes of Springfield, N. Y., late of Tolland, Conn., with wife Sarah, having an eighteenth interest; Daniel Ware of Wrentham, with wife Survine, having a thirty- sixth interest ; Jeremiah Mann of Wrentham, yeoman, with wife Olive, having a thirty-sixth interest ; Noah Morse of Attleboro, wheelwright, with wife Betty, having an eighteenth interest ; Daniel Parker of Norton, physician, with wife Abigail, having an eighteenth interest ; Huldah Perry of Rehoboth, widow, having an eighteenth interest , Jerusha Norton of Wrentham, having a thirty-sixth interest; Mary Robishaw of Wrentham, widow, having a thirty-sixth in- terest. These deeds enable us to place the various grandchildren of Solomon Hewes, and solve what would otherwise be a difficult problem. Ill 11 BENJAMIN HEWES (Solomon, George), born in Portsmouth, N. H., 22 Dec, 1714; died subsequent to 1800. He married 1 Jan., 1740-1, Sarah, daughter of Benjamin Silly 8 of Norton, and widow of [ ] Hill (Norton and Attleboro records). He married, second, as of Attleboro, Eliza- beth Hill of Attleboro, 9 Nov., 1758 (Bristol county records). lie was of Attleboro in 1754 and probably lived in Foxboro prior to liis removal to Swanzey, N. H., where he was in 1790, when the Census enumeration found lie had in his family six fe- males. He was of Swanzey, with wife Elizabeth, in 1799 s Bristol Deeds :53:336, Benjamin Hcvvcs nnd wife Sarah 2 Nov., 174-8, both of Norton, sell TO ;icr<'s there, adjoining land set out to Joseph Hart and wife Hannah out of estate of their father Benjamin Sealey (who left widow Sarah) together with one-half of the thirds set off to the widow, and one- third of tin- buildings, etc. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 329 (Worcester Deeds, 136:544), but in 1800 was of Foxboro, Mass. (Providence Deeds, 28:148.) His son Joseph died in Providence in 1785, when administration on his estate was granted to John Hewes of Foxboro. 9 Sept., 1786, Benjamin Hewes of Swanzey, N. H., gentleman, heir at law of Joseph Hewes, the younger, his son, late of Providence, deeded to his son John Hewes of Foxboro, one of the adminis- trators of the estate of the said Joseph Hewes, all his right, title and interest in the said estate (Providence Deeds, 22:580). There was a Benjamin Hewes in the company of Capt. Jona- than Whitcomb of Col. James Reid's regiment, whose enlistment on roll of 1 Aug., 1775, is given as 3 May. He was still in serv- ice at Bunker Hill in September (N. H. Rev. Rolls 1). As neither his son Benjamin or Benjamin Hewes of Medfield mention this service, it is probably the record of Benjamin Hewes (No. 11), who, like many other men above the age of compulsory service, volunteered after the battle of Lexington. Children, by first wife, born in Norton (from Norton and Attle- boro records) : 36 Benjamin, 9 born 27 April, 1742 ; died in infancy. 37 Anna, 9 born 10 May, 1746. 38 Hannah, 10 born 10 Jan., 17—. 39 Joseph, 10 born Nov., 17 — ; administration on his estate was granted 5 Sept., 1785, to John Hewes of Foxboro. Mass. (Providence Probate records.) He had practiced as an associate of his uncle, the elder Joseph Hewes of Providence. 40 John, 10 born 22 Oct., 17—, baptized 9 8 June, 1760 at Norton. By second wife: 41 Benjamin," born 20 Aug., 1759, baptized 9 8 June, 1760 at Norton. 42 William, born 22 March, 1761. 43 Elijah, born 15 March, 1763. 44 George, born 28 June, 1765. 9 From Norton Vital Records. io From Attleboro records, "The children of Benjamin and Sary (Silly) Huse. The above Sary Silly was the daughter of Benjamin Silly of Norton. ii From "History of Swanzey," N. H., by Benj. Read, probably from Swanzey record of births, whence all the later dates. 330 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 45 Mary, born 29 Jan., 1768. 46 Martha, born 8 March, 1772; married 19 Jan., 1794, John Montague Field of Sullivan. FOURTH GENERATION IV. 16 SHUBAEL HEWES {George, Solomon, George), of Boston, born there 17 Oct., 1732; died "of old age" 22 Oct., 1813, aged 81 (Boston records) ; buried 26 Oct. (Kings Chapel) ; married 20 June, 1762, Martha Frye, who was born in 1741, and died 26 Aug., 1814, aged 74 years, buried 29 Aug. (Kings Chapel). Children, born in Boston: 47 Anne Frye, born [ ] 1763; died 12 Oct., 1820, bu- ried 15 Oct., aged 58 (King's Chapel). 48 Martha, born [ ] 1765 ; died unmarried, " Kept house for her brother Samuel." 49 Samuel, born 4 May, 1767; died in Roxbury, 21 Oct., 1860, aged 93 years, unmarried. He lived in the Shu- bael Hewes house in Washington street, Boston, until 1816 when he removed to Roxbury, renting the old house and stores. He was captain of the Boston Fusileers. After his removal to Roxbury he held the offices of fire- ward, selectman and deputy to the General Court. He was a dry goods merchant and acquired considerable property in addition to the appreciation in value of the old homestead lot in Washington street, which he inher- ited but never improved. His estate was bequeathed by will dated 20 June, 1856, which commences " Cast me not off when I am old, nor forsake me when I am grey headed, I Samuel Hewes, a native of Boston where I re- sided a merchant by profession until 4 July, 1816, and since that time a resident of Roxbury,*' chiefly to nephews Joseph Hewes Hunneman and Samuel Hewes Hunneman and their children, with legacies to brother Robert Hewes of Piqua, Ohio, sister Lucretia Clapp and her children, and to various oilier relatives. The will was contested by some of the heirs bul was sustained. Samuel Hewes owned a considerable part of the lot next north of the DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 331 original Joshua Hewes homestead, and perhaps a portion of the southeastern part of that lot between Zeigler and Dudley streets. 50 Patty, died February, 1791 (Mass. Magazine; Columbian CentineV). 51 Abigail, born 28 Oct., 1769; died 26 Feb., 1853 (Roxbury records). The following entry appears in Roxbury rec- ords : " Abigail Hewes 4th daughter of Shubael and Martha Hewes, born in Boston, Oct. 28, 1769, in Marl- boro street, opposite Milk street, in the same room where her mother's ten children were born, on the birthday of her father and grandfather Seaver and baptized in the Stone Church by Rev. Dr. Caner. This birth is re- corded by request of her brother Samuel Hewes." 52+ Richard Brooke, born 14 April, 1772 ; died 6 Sept., 1844. 53 Lucretia, born 1 April, 1775; died April, 1857; married William T. Clapp. Children: Lydia Carver Clapp ; Lucretia Clapp ; Joseph Hewes Clapp of Augusta, Me. ; 20 April, 1794, Abigail Clapp, who married Joseph A. Arnold of Virginia, coppersmith ; Charlotte Clapp, who married Andrew Davis Haskell and lived in New Hamp- shire ; William John Clapp, eldest son, of parts unknown in 1856, but who then had a family. 54+ Hannah, born 19 Aug., 1777; died 24 March, 1849; mar- ried William Cooper Huxxemax. 55+ Robert, baptized 5 March, 1780 (First Church). 56 Charlotte Seaver, baptized 14 March, 1784; buried 6 April, 1809, aged 25 years (King's Chapel). 57 Joseph, baptized 5 Aug., 1787 (First Church) ; died un- married, 1808. Shubael Hewes was connected with the Loyalist or Tory party and was appointed " Chief Butcher " for the British Army, but remained in Boston when the British departed, and regained the confidence of the people, although the Council for Massachusetts ordered his arrest in April, 1776. In the same year he was ap- pointed by the town of Boston to obtain provisions for the town. The next year mention is made of his slaughter house, and the following year he appears as one of the holders of stalls in Fan- ueil Hall market. In 1781, having been elected constable, he was excused. He served as constable later, and from 1790 to 1796. 332 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES The latter year he lived in the house numbered 25 Marlboro street, the same house occupied by Samuel Hewes, shopkeeper (Boston Directory). In 1773 and prior to that, he was one of the best known " mas- ters " of the fire engines, when the fire companies were great ri- vals. His engine was No. 5. He retired from business, prob- ably not long after the Revolution, and in 1799 is styled " gen- tleman." Prior to 1824 that part of Washington Street between Sum- mer and School streets was called Marlboro Street, and his house was about at the head of Milk Street. Drake is in error in stat- ing that a slaughter house was connected with the dwelling. 27 July, 1763, Nathaniel Appleton, merchant, and wife Rachel, sold to Shubael Hewes, tallow chandler, for £500, a dwelling house and land bounded south by Province House land 121 feet, west on land lately set off to John Henderson in the division of his late father's estate 36 feet, north on Passage way 11 feet wide 127 feet, east on Marlboro Street 36 feet. (Deeds, 100: 105.) IV. 17 SOLOMON HEWES (George, Solomon, George), of Boston, " fisherman," born 4 Dec, 1734 ; died 15 Oct., 1806 (J. C. Doane). He married 28 Aug., 1766, Sarah Masters (Boston records) who died Feb., 1772 (Mass. Gazette). He married sec- ond, 1 July, 1773, Elizabeth, daughter of John Hunt of Bos- ton, merchant. He married, third, 9 April, 1789, Sarah Hunt, sister of his former wife. They were grandchildren of Jacob Wendell of Boston (Letter of J. C. Doane of Cohasset). She died in Cohasset 7 May, 1824, aged 79 years. Solomon Hewes occupied a respectable position in Boston. The description " fisherman " probably conveyed a broader mean- ing than it would to-day. He at one time kept a fish market (Se- lectmen's Records). During the Revolution he was identified with the patriot cause, and fled from Boston with many others before the siege lines were firmly drawn. He went to Stoughton. Eze- kiel Price, who had been clerk of courts *in Suffolk county, men- tions, in his diary, the arrival of Hewes and his wife from Boston, and dining witli them, 21 June, 1775. Solomon Hewes told Price, " he came out of Boston last Saturday morning after the engage- ment began." Solomon Hewes lived in Oliver's Lane in 1796 (Boston Direc- DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 333 tory). He was admitted to the New South church 29 May, 1774. In 1790 his family consisted of self, two males under 16, six women, and one other " free person." Children: 58 Sarah, born 20 May, 1774; baptized at the New South, 29 May ; married Andrew Sanborn, and removed to Cin- cinnati, Ohio, in 1822. Mrs. Roach is a granddaughter. . Sarah is mentioned in the will of her uncle Daniel Hewes as the wife of Andrew Sanborn. Mrs. Cotton, however, in her family record states she died unmarried and that her sister married, for her second husband, J. Andrew San- born. 59 Elizabeth, twin of Sarah. She is variously reported as having died, unmarried, in Cincinnati, and as having married twice. She appears to have died in 1853, aged 79 (Letter J. C. Doane). Mrs. Cotton's record is as follows: married first, 1797, John Alexander Ethe- ridge, and had one son, John Alexander Etheridge, who was born 25 Feb., 1798, and married Alsa Caroline North of London, England. Elizabeth (Hewes) Etheridge (59) married, second, 10 Feb., 1801, J. Andrew San- born, and had children ; Solomon Hewes Sanborn, bora 24 Jan., 1802, married but had no children; Nathaniel Noyes Sanborn, born 4 Jan., 1804, married, but had no children. Mrs. Milner, a daughter of No. 140, remem- bers Sarah and Elizabeth, two very small women, visit- ing her father in the " fifties." 60+ Daniel, born 7 Feb., 1776; baptized Oct., 1776, at the New South. 61 John Hunt, baptized 10 May, 1778; married Abigail Newell. He did not leave children. He was a steam- boat captain on the Mississippi, and is said to have been in command of the first steamboat which sailed to New Orleans. Mr. Doane traveled with him and much en- joyed his reminiscences of his life on the river. 62 Rebecca, baptized 12 Nov., 1780; married, about 1800, Capt. John Adamson, son of Capt. Robert Adamson, an Englishman. They settled in Cincinnati. Children: Jane Gates Adamson, married Lewis C. Manson of Mo- 334, DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES bile, Ala. ; Mary Adamson, married Hooper Warren and settled in Illinois; Robert Adamson, died at sea, aged 21, unmarried; Emma R. Adamson, married 1 July, 1830, William Davis Gallagher, of Cincinnati, poet and editor, and had, among others, Jennie M. Gallagher, who married 20 Dec, 1855, Charles Buck Cotton of Louis- ville, Ky., a lawyer, who died 189-1 ; Cordelia Francis Adamson married Benjamin Knight. (Information of Mrs. Cotton.) 63 Oliver Wendal, baptized at New South, 29 June, 1783. 61 Susanna Wendal, baptized at New South, 29 April, 1792 ; died [ ] 1879. She married [ ] 1809, James Cutler Doane of Cohasset, whose son, J. C. Doane 1 of the same place, supplied material to Mr. H. G. Hewes. IV. 20 George Robert Twelve Hewes (George, Solomon, George), bora in Boston, 25 Aug., 1712; died at Richfield Springs, 4 Nov., 1810. He married in Boston, 17 Jan., 1768, Sallie Sumner, daughter of Benjamin and Mercy Sumner. Children; 2 -fifteen in all: 65+ Sally Hughes, married William Morrison. Her daugh- ter Betsey married [ ] Bailey and in 1791 lived in Jordanville, Herkimer County, N. Y., and had a Bible formerly belonging to George R. T. Hewes. Of the grandchildren of Sally (66), one married James M. Hewes, and another married Daniel Strieker (letter of James M. Hewes, 1891), but G. M. Bailey of Snowden, N. Y., writes that the family Bible contains no records showing his descent from Sally. 66+ Solomon, born in Boston, 1 May, 1771. 67+ Elizabeth Hughes born in Boston, 3 Feb., 1773 ; mar- ried Preserved Whipple. 68 Daniel. 69 Mary Sumner, baptized 30 March, 1777, at the Second ( liuicli, Boston. i Mr. Doane states he was 11 years old when his grandmother died, and he has often beard her discuss relationships. According to his remembrance there was an .Hint Rebecca, Supposed t<> have been a sister of Solomon, who married Nathaniel Noyes, an apothecary in Dock Square. »"George Hewes" of Wrentham in Census of 1790, had self, three males under 1 fi, and two in his I'aniil v . GEORGE ROBERT TWELVE HEWES DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 335 70+ Shubael, born 12 March, 1781. 71+ Robert, born in Wrentham, 25 June, 1784. 72 73 74 75 Eleven, aged 76 in 1871 when he applied for pension. 76 77 78 79+ George Robert Twelve Fifteen, born 28 May, 1791 (Wrentham Vital Records). George R. T. Hewes prior to his marriage, took up residence in Roxbury for a brief period (Town Rec. II. 196). He had been apprenticed to learn the trade of a shoemaker, and with the exception of several fishing voyages made during his youth, worked at that trade in Boston until his removal to Wrentham in 1775. In 1835 there was published in New York a small volume en- titled " Traits of the Tea Party : being a Memoir of George R. T. Hewes, one of the last of its survivors ; with a history of that transaction ; reminiscences of the Massacre, and the Siege, and other stories of Old Times. By a Bostonian." The author of this Memoir had obtained many of his incidents from George R. T. Hewes himself, from members of his family, and certain old men, his contemporaries. Most of the state- ments therein concerning Hewes can be confirmed in whole or part, although many of the anecdotes related are subject to suspicion. From this volume we learn that George R. T. Hewes was named for a great uncle of his mother, and that he was constantly in trouble as a boy ; that an early attempt to ship as a sailor was frustrated by his brothers ; and that his short stature prevented his being accepted as a recruit at the time volunteers were called for in the old French war. Furthermore, it is there stated that he was the father of fifteen children. Noth- ing is said of his having taken part in the War of 1812, and the statement to this effect, endorsed on his pension application, is probably not correct. Official records show that he enlisted 25 Sept., 1777, and served until the 30th Oct., 1777, in a secret expedition to Rhode Island, in a company commanded by Capt. Cowell, Hawes' regiment ; also 336 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES from 17 August to 9 September, 1778, in Rhode Island in Capt. Willmarth's company, Carpenter's regiment ; also from 28 July to 31 Oct., 1780, in Capt. Richardson's company, Col. Mitchell's regiment in the Continental army; also from 23 July to 8 Nov., 1781, in the Massachusetts line. He was a member of the famous Tea Party, and after hostilities broke out served not only in the army but in the navy. During the war his family lived in Wren- tham, from which place they removed after 1799 to New York State. Lines written on the back of the frame around the portrait of George Robert Twelve Hewes, which now hangs in the Old State House, Boston: I As near beauteous Boston lying On a gently swelling flood Without Jack or pennant flying, Three ill-fated tea ships rode. II Just as glorious Sol was setting On the wharf a numerous crew, " Sons of Freedom," fear forgetting, Suddenly appeared in view. Ill Armed with hammer, ax and chisel — Weapons new for warlike deed — Towards the herbage-freighted vessels They approached with dreadful speed. IV Quick as thought the ships were boarded Hatches burst and chests displayed. Axes, hammers, help afforded ; What a glorious crash they made ! V Captains, you may hoist your streamers, Spread your sails and plow the wave, Tell your masters they were dreamers When they thought to cheat the brave. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 337 The following sketch of George R. T. Hewes was written by Mr. Horace Greeley Hewes : The appended declaration of George Robert Twelves Hewes, made at the time of his application for a pension, leaves but little, if anything, more to be recorded in connection with his nautical and military services in behalf of his country. His enlistments and re-enlistments, as de- mands for men were made, tell their own story. He was born in Boston on what is now known as Water Street, at the sign of the " Bull's Head," where his father and brother Robert carried on the tanning and chandlery business. The site of his birthplace is now occupied by the banking house of Hornblower and Weeks, and it is interesting to note, in passing, that it was upon this same site that William Lloyd Garrison commenced the publication of his paper, The Liberator, devoted to the cause of freedom for the slave. When the unrest of the citizens of Boston began to crystallize into resistance to the oppression of the mother country, we find young Hewes taking part in many of the minor acts of hostility to the author- ity of the crown. The first instance of really historic importance with which we find him in any way connected, was the so-called " Boston Massacre," though it is not recorded that he took any active part therein. Probably, like many others, he was drawn to the scene out of curiosity, though naturally Ins sympathy was not with the soldiery. It was a lucky chance that he was not among those slain, for he was in the line of fire, and caught Caldwell as he dropped fatally wounded. Mr. Hewes barely mentions in his declaration that he assisted in throwing the tea into Boston harbor, yet it was his connection with that thrilling episode which lends to his life its most absorbing interest. Much has been written from many angles of view regarding the " Tea Party," and the temptation is strong to further add to the already voluminous mass of literature concerning it, but as this is a sketch of the life of Mr. Hewes, and not a history of the " Tea Party," the writer will only refer to that organization as seems necessary from Mr. Hewes' asso- ciation with it. The word organization is used, and advisedly, for such it undoubtedly was, for a specific purpose under certain contingencies, and not a rabble gathered together on the spur of momentary excite- ment. While we do not know the names of all these persons who were members, we do know some of them, many in fact, and they are those of reputable citizens of Boston, who would not have lent their approval to a cause that under the conditions then existing did not seem justifi- able. It has been claimed (and denied) that John Hancock was one of the number. Whether he was or not the writer does not attempt to prove. Yet there seems to be considerable evidence to show that he was. Mr. Hewes, who probably knew him, says that he was, and that he identified him by his clothing which was not wholly concealed by 338 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HE WES the Indian disguise, as he raised his arm in the act of breaking open a chest of tea. Prof. John Fiske of Harvard University, the historian, refers to this incident in addresses given on several occasions, ap- parently crediting the correctness of Mr. Hewes' statement. One thing seems to be quite clearly established, and that is that Hancock knew of the contemplated action of the band, for in the diary of a confessed participant in the affair, the following statement appears. Major Thompson Maxwell, in a letter giving an account of himself to Gen'l James Miller of Salem, Mass., says : " In 1773, I went with my team to Boston. I loaded at John Han- cock's warehouse, and was about to leave town, when Mr. Hancock re- quested me to drive my team up into his yard, and ordered his servants to take care of it, and requested me to be on Long Wharf at 2 o'clock P. M., and informed me what was to be done. I went accordingly, joined a band under one Capt. Hewes; we mounted the ships, and made tea in a trice. This done, I took my team and went home as an honest man should." (N. E. Hist, and Gen'l Reg., vol. 22, p. 57.) During the latter part of the life of Mr. Hewes he was credited with being about ten years older than the baptismal record of the Old South Church shows him to have been. Just how this error gained currency it is impossible to learn, but so persistently was it reiterated that even Mr. Hewes came to believe in its correctness, probably partly from a feeling of pride in his advanced years, a not infrequent characteristic of very aged persons, and partly from loss of memory coexistent with gradually lessening physical power. It is to be regretted that this mistake should have been perpetuated in his declaration, and also upon the stone marking his last resting place, where it is given as 109 years, whereas it should have been 98 years and a few months. Mr. Hewes died at Richfield Springs, New York, his home during the latter part of his life. It is rather singular that having enjoyed for almost one hundred years more than average health, his death should have been indirectly caused by an accident. As he was about entering a carriage which was to convey him to a nearby Fourth of July celebration, where he was to have been the hero of the day, the horses became frightened and started suddenly, throwing the old gentleman violently to the ground. His friends raised him tenderly and carried him into the house, from which he never again departed alive. The shock to one so aged, notwithstanding the splendid vitality which had sustained him for so many years, could not be rallied from, and he passed away on the fifth of the following November, 1810. He was buried in the village cemetery of Richfield, where, beside the remains of his wife, who had preceded him, his body rested until Memorial day, 1896, when it was disinterred and transferred to the lot of the Grand Army of the Repub- lic in Lakeview Cemetery, under escort of the local G. A. R. Post. The DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 339 original of the accompanying portrait was painted in 1832 by Joseph G. Cole, a Boston portrait painter of note. It is owned by the Bos- tonian Society and hangs in the upper corridor of the Old State House, the home of the society, which also has the distinguished honor of being the legal custodian of this grand old building, so replete with stirring and patriotic associations. Mr. Hewes was visiting friends and rela- tives in Boston at the time, and was also a guest of honor at the city Fourth of July celebration that year, as well as at many semi-public and private gatherings held to give people an opportunity of meeting him. Illustrative of his wonderful energy at this period, the writer was told by a near relative at whose house he visited, that he was " on the go " about all of the time, and that on one occasion, thinking that ex-Pres. John Quincy Adams might aid him in obtaining a pension for his services to his country, he walked out to, and back from, the residence of that gentleman in Braintree (now Quincy), a distance of ten miles. A letter written in 1836 by a descendant, Geo. M. Whipple, to his mother, giving among other items of news, an account of a visit to the old gentleman, is quite entertaining and by it we learn that Mr. Hewes was very active physically, and mentally keen, notwithstanding his ex- treme age. He says : " I arrived at Mohawk Flats Sept. 9th, and got a carriage for Richfield. I found Grandfather Hewes pretty well, and very jovial. He sang for me many old songs and told over all the incidents of the ' scraj:>e ' in Boston Harbor. His memory is uncom- monly good for one of his age. He jumped about so when I made myself known to him he liked to have lost his drumsticks. He can still read his Bible without glasses." (He was 85 years old at that time.) . . . . " Grandfather has given me a present for you. It was made him by a Miss Hunnewell of Boston for helping to throw the British tea overboard." The present referred to was probably a snuff box which was presented to him by a number of ladies through Miss Hunnewell. Pension Declaration On this 16th day of October A. D., 1832, personally appeared in the open court before the judges of the court of common pleas in and for the county of Otsego now sitting, George R. T. Hewes, a resident of the town of Richfield in the county of Otsego and state of New York, aged 97 years on the 5th day of September, now last passed, who being first duly sworn according to law dothe on his oath make the fol- lowing declaration in order to obtain the benefit of the Act of Congress passed June 7th, 1832, that he entered the service of the United States under the following officers and served as herein stated. That about 340 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES two years after the battle of Bunker Hill he enlisted as a volunteer on board of a privateer vessel called the Diamond, of Providence, Rhode Island, commanded by Capt. Thomas Stacy of Rhode Island, Geo. Babcock, first lieutenant, and a man by the name of Murphy was sec- ond Lieutenant; that he enlisted at Providence aforesaid and went into the service on board of the Diamond at that place some time in the month of April and remained on board about two weeks after enlisting before sailing from Providence aforesaid. That the Diamond then sailed and made a cruise to the Banks of Newfoundland and there captured the British ship called the Live Oak, commanded by Captain Gardner. This ship was sent into Providence in charge of George Babcock, prizemaster, where she was safely landed. The Live Oak was laden with sweet oil and tar at the time of her capture as afore- said. Also the Diamond on this same cruise captured on the Banks of Newfoundland another British vessel called the Mary and Joseph, commanded by Capt. Patrick Walch, laden with fish and bound for Gibraltar. The Mary and Joseph was sent in to Providence under Lieut. Murphy of the Diamond, as prizemaster. And also the Diamond in this cruise captured the British brig commanded by Captain Wallace of the British Navy, bound for London, and sailed from Jamaica, laden with rum and sugar. The name of the brig he cannot recollect, and the said George R. T. Hewes returned to Providence on board of this prize and the Diamond returned at the same time; and he further states that he was in the service as a privateer under Captain Stacy for the full period of three months and on arriving at Providence he was discharged from the service and returned home to his family, then resid- ing at Wrentham, in the State of Massachusetts ; and he further states that at some time during the same year about two months after being discharged from the service under Capt. Stacy as before stated, he vol- unteered into a company of militia commanded by Captain Caleb Rich- ardson of Attleboro, Mass., and Lieut. Horn and marched from Attle- boro in said company to Slade's Ferry and at that place joined a regi- ment commanded by Col. Drury of Worcester, Mass., and was sta- tioned at Slade's Ferry and remained there in the service of said com- pany and regiment for the period of three months and was then dis- charged and returned home to his family at Wrentham aforesaid ; and he further states that he again volunteered into a company of militia the same year of the battle of New Port in the year 1778 and was commanded by Captain Caleb Richardson before mentioned and Ovid Vannim, lieutenant, and was in the battle on New Port Island, re- treated from the place with the American army and crossed at How- land's Ferry. He marched to Providence and was in the service at tliis time for a period ni' three months and was discharged at a place called Off Dikes New Town, It. I. He also recollected seeing General DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 34-1 Sullivan at New Port while stationed there before the battle, and he belonged at this time to the regiment commanded by Col. Benj. Hawes of Wrentham aforesaid; and he further states that on the 14th day of February, and, he thinks, the next winter (of) the battle of New Port Island he went on board of the ship of war Defence at Boston and commanded by Captain Smedley and Lieut. Angel of New Port, Mr. Sullivan, sailing master, and Mr. John Wasson clerk of the ship, that he sailed from Boston on the 25th day of March according to his present recollection and the ship proceeded on the cruise to the West Indies and on the cruise took two British ships bound for London from Jamaica, laden principally with munitions of war, and said prizes were sent into Boston, one of them in charge of Lieut. Angel and the other in charge of Lieut. Pease, and he further states that the Defence on the same cruise captured two privateer sloops fitted out at Augustine and went in with them in charge to South Carolina, where they were sold, and then proceeded on the ship Defence from So. Carolina on the cruise to Boston, falling in with a top-sail schooner loaded with gentlemen and ladies on their passage from America to Augustine and were said to be Tories fleeing from the country; after overtaking the said schooner the officers of the American ship Defence held a council and determined that on the surrender of all the money on board the schooner to the officers of the Defence the schooner with her cargo of Tories might be released and proceed to Augustine, that the terms of the release of the schooner were complied with and after throwing over- board the guns on board of the schooner, she was released and he then proceeded on the Defence to Boston and arrived or landed at that place the latter part of September or first of October and was then permitted by his captain to return home to his family at Wrentham. Was in the service at tins time from the 14th of Feb. to the 10th of October next after, making seven months and a half; and he further states that the same year that Cornwallis was taken he enlisted at Attleboro in Massa- chusetts into a company of militia commanded by Captain Barney of Kekonte, Lieut. Everett of Attleboro in Col. Drury's regiment, marched from Attleboro to West Point in the state of New York and was there stationed; that he enlisted into said company for the period of three months' service and at this time he knew General McDougal was in command at West Point; and he further states that he was born in Boston in the year 1735 and was residing at that place when the Revo- lution commenced and was one of the Patriotic men of that place who threw the tea overboard ; that he resided at Wrentham and Attlebury since the Revolution until he removed into the town of Richfield in the county of Otsego in the State of New York about 16 years since, where he has ever since and now resides ; that he never received any written discharge from the service; that he has no documentary evidence; that 342 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES he knows of no person whose testimony he can procure who can testify to his service, except the evidence of Obed Robinson, whose affidavit is hereunto annexed; that he is known to Mathewson Eddy and Moses Wheeler of his present neighborhood, and he hereby relinquishes every claim whatever to a pension or annuity except the present and declares that his name is not on the Pension Rolls of the agency of any state, sworn to and subscribed the day of the year afore- said in open court. J. O. Morris (or More), First Judge of Otsego Co. (Signature) George R. T. Hewes. We, Mathewson Eddy and Moses Wheeler, both residents in the town of Richfield in the county of Otsego and in the State of New York, hereby certify that we are well acquainted with George R. T. Hewes, who has subscribed and sworn to the above declaration, that we believe him to be 97 years of age, that he is reputed and be- lieved to be in the neighborhood where he resides to have been a soldier of the Revolution, and that we concurr in the above, and also that he is a man of good moral character and entitled to full credit. Sworn to and subscribed the day and year aforesaid before me. Mathewson Eddy, James C. Walworth, | Moses Wheeler. Judge of Otsego Common Pleas. \ And the said court do hereby declare their opinion after the investi- gation of the matter and after meeting the (requirements) prescribed by the War Department that the above named applicant was a revolu- tionary soldier and served as he states, that the court further certify that it appears to them that Mathewson Eddy and Moses Wheeler, who have signed the present certificate are residents of the town of Rich- field in the said county of Otsego in the neighborhood of said applicant and that they are creditable persons and that their statements are en- titled to credit. J. O. Mores, Skth Chase, S. Page. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 343 State of New York, ) s~* \ ss Otsego County, j I, Horace Lathrop, clerk of the court of Common Pleas in and for the said county, do hereby certify that the foregoing contains the original proceedings in the matter of the application of George R. T. Hewes for a pension. In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal of the office this 18th day of October, 1832. Horace Lathrop, Clerk. The applicant, Mr. Hewes, is now in his 99th year and a more meritorious application for a pension has not nor cannot be presented to the government. The patriotism and love of liberty has forever urged this old man to step forward for the defense of his country. He was a soldier of the late war as well as of the Revolutionary. I hope his pension may be granted as he sorely needs the same for a com- fortable support. J. Crippen, Agent. IV. 29 JOSEPH HEWES "2nd" (William, Solomon, George), of Foxborough, born in Wrentham, 3 July, 1751; died after 1799; married at Norton 30 Nov., 1769, Sarah Hodges. His wife does not join in deed of 1784, but does in one of 1788. In census of 1790, his family consisted of four males, two of whom were under 16, and six females. 3 In 1802 he was a member of the Society for the Detection of Horsethieves, etc., in Wrentham, Walpole, Attleborough, Med- field, Foxborough, Mansfield, etc. In deeds he is styled " gentle- man." Children: 4 80 Truelove, born 14 Feb., 1770 (Wrentham Vital Records). 3 The following items may relate to members of this family: Joseph Warren Hewes and Polly Hodges, intention of marriage at Medway, 23 Dec.. 1809. Chloe Hewes of Mansfield and Daniel Pratt married 7 Sept., 1780. Hannah Hewes of Mansfield and Joshua Stearns married 10 Sept., 1778. Sarah Huse of Swansey and Joshua Chaee of Swansey married 16 Nov., 1769. (Bristol County Marriages.) Mary Hewes and Abel Jillson married 21 Jan., 1809. Elijah Hewes, resident in Attleboro, and Betsey Tingley of Attleboro married 1 Nov., 1792. William (Haws or Hews?) of Wrentham, and Eunice Daggett of Attle- boro married 1767 or 1768. (Attleboro Records) George W. Hewes and Almira Stone of Douglas, intention at Oxford, 8 March, 1845. Barzilla B. Hewes of Northbridge and Abigail Cady, intention at Oxford, 19 Aug., 1811. SU DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 81 William, born 11 July, 1772 (Wrentham Vital Records). There was a William Hewes of Mansfield, gentleman, who bought land there in 1815 (Bristol Deeds, 98:126), and in 1828 Fanny M. Hewes, single woman, and Sally Ames, late Gilmore, wife of Hustis Ames of Eaton, took title to land in Mansfield from Laban Wheaton (Bristol Deeds, 125:72). 82 Robert, named in the will of his cousin Robert Hewes, 1816. 83 Sally, wife of Gilbert Clark of Medway in 1816, when she and " her children " are named in the will of her cousin Robert Hewes. A bequest was also left to the " children of Sally, daughter of Truelove Clark, and granddaughter of Joseph Hewes of Foxboro." 84 Joseph Hewes ; a bequest was left to his children by Robert Hewes, 1816. IV. 30 JAMES HEWES (William, Solomon, George), of Richmond, N. H., gentleman, in 1799, when with wife Mary he joins with other heirs of Dr. Joseph Hewes in sale of land. He is said to have gone from Gloucester, R. I., to Richmond, and to have married 25 Aug., 1785, Mary Taft, daughter of Nathan Taft of Uxbridge. Records are silent concerning this family after 1810 (History of Richmond) ; but in 1818, Mary, then a widow and living in Plymouth, Chenango county, N. Y., in a power of attorney to Nathan Aldrich of the same place, declares herself as the eldest daughter of Nathan Taft of Uxbridge, and that her husband, James Hewes, died 20 Dec, 1817 (Worcester Deeds, 213:235). In the census of 1790, James Hewes of Richmond is described as being the head of a family consisting of two males over sixteen years and three females. Children: "' 85 A son. 86 A son. *The editor has been unable to get in touch with descendants of Joseph Hewes. o The following entries on Sutton records may relate to this family: Sarah Taft Hewes married (intention 15 March, lH.'U) Morris I.ee of Oxford. Betse? HEWES and Morris Park married 14 Jan., 1796. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 345 87 A daughter. 88 A daughter. IV. 33 SUSANNA HEWES (Daniel, Solomon, George), born in Wrentham, 23 July, 1748; married Thomas Hinckley of Wellfleet, later of Boston, a shipmaster. Family traditions variously assert that he died while a prisoner of war from eating peas boiled in a copper kettle, and that he died during the Revolution, after escaping from a British prison ship by swimming ashore. Children : 89 Thomas Hewes Hinckley, born 1768; married Elizabeth Bass of Boston. 90 Hannah Hinckley, born 1 April, 1770; married Capt. Foster Cruft of Boston. 91 Susanna Hewes Hinckley, born July, 1772, married Dan- iel Messenger of Boston. Their daughter Susanna Messenger was baptized at the New South, 27 Oct., 1794. 92 Robert Hinckley, born 1774; married Esther Messen- ger, a sister of Daniel above, and daughter of Daniel and Mary Messenger of Wrentham. He was father of the artist Thomas Hewes Hinckley. Portraits of several of this family were in possession of Mary Hewes Hinckley of Milton, Mass., in 1896. IV. 35 DANIEL HEWES (Daniel, Solomon, George), born in Wrentham, Mass., 1755; died in Springfield, N. Y., 22 Feb., 1846; married 30 Dec, 1778, Sarah Cushman, 6 who died in Springfield 13 Jan., 1836. This family is not enumerated in the census of 1790. He was of Tolland, Conn., in 1799, when he and wife Sarah joined in deed with other heirs of Dr. Joseph Hewes. Children, four eldest born in Attleboro : 93 Abigail, born 18 Nov., 1779. 94+ Ira, born 14 Jan., 1782. (Born 1 Jan. according to F. W. Hewes of Orange, N. J.) 95 Sarah, born 15 June, 1783. 96 Orpha, twin of Ruth. 8 According to F. W. Hewes he married Abigail Cushman. 316 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 97 Ruth, born 7 May, 1785. 98 Hannah, born 27 March, 1787. 99+ Daniel H., born 1 Sept., 1788. 100 Susanna, born 30 March, 1791. 101 Joseph, born 16 Feb., 1793. 102 Otis, born 10 Sept., 1795. 103 Herbert, born 30 Aug. 1798. 104 Jacob, bom 11 Aug., 1801. Daniel Hewes of Springfield, N. Y., made application for a pension 26 June, 1833. He stated he was born in Wrentham in 1755, and lived in Attleboro, and that after the war he moved to Tolland, Conn., and thence to Springfield, where he had lived the last thirty-four years. He enlisted in Jan., 1776, for one year, in the company com- manded by Capt. Oliver Pond, but soon after the Declaration of Independence was transferred to the company of Capt. Phineas Ford, Col. Brewer's regiment, and was set to work with Ford's company making wagons in what was called the King's Store at Powles Hook Ferry. Was marched on to Long Island at the time Sterling was taken. He was taken sick at King's Bridge but went on with the company to White Plains, thence to Peekskill, and at the end of the year was discharged. Ford commanded a com- pany of " artificers," which was never paraded with the regiment. Never saw his colonel but once, and that was in New York City. In a former application, made the preceding year, he gave his age as 77 years, and his first enlistment as about 1 May, 1775, in Capt. C. Richardson's company, Col. Walker's regiment of Massa- chusetts State troops. He enlisted from Attleboro, for eight months, and was stationed a month or more at Preston Point, Dor- chester, and also at Roxburv. His lieutenant was Enoch Robert- son, and he thought the ensign was Solomon Stanley. He again < n listed 1 Jan., 1776, in company of Capt. Pond, Col. Reed's regi- ment, and until March remained at Roxbury, thence marched with the regiment to New York and was there transferred to Ford's company of artificers. He was not in the battle of Flatbush. His company retreated from New York over Kingsbridge the day be- fore the main army retreated. The rest of his service under this enlistment was at White Plains and Peekskill. Sergeant Pike of Ford's company was from Attleboro. He again enlisted as one of the new levees from Attleboro. He DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 347 was then a man of family, and in July, 1780, " the militia being called out, volunteers were beat up for once round and no one turned out." The officers came to Hewes and said that he had been in the service, and if he turned out others would follow. He did so and the required number were had. They enlisted for six months. They proceeded to Springfield, where they were mus- tered, and marched to the Highlands where they were drilled ten days. Hewes was assigned to Capt. Crocker's company then in charge of Lt. Daniel Lee, in Col. Grayton's (Greaton's) regi- ment, and was part of the time in New York and part of the time in New Jersey. He was present at the execution of Andre, but was in no battles or skirmishes. In December he was discharged at West Point. John Meacham was adjutant of the regiment. Between his enlistments in the army he served at sea. In or about February, 1777, he enlisted in Providence for a four-months' cruise under Capt. Lemuel Bishop, commanding the sloop Sally. Bad weather delayed their sailing. They sailed from Providence to Bedford, there provisioned and proceeded to Martha's Vine- yard, and started on their cruise on the 1 March. Sailed to the West Indies and refitted at Martinique. They captured a Brit- ish merchantman with a cargo of 298 pipes of wine and sent her into Boston, but had no further success. They were chased by the enemy and got back to New Bedford in June. Thomas Tiffany of Harford, Susquehanna County, Pa., deposed that he enlisted in Oct., 1775, in Richardson's company, and Hewes was in the same company when he joined. Both were of Attleboro. Sworn to before Hosea Tiffany, Jr., J. P., 1832. Jacob Read of Attleboro deposed that he was at Tiverton with Hewes in a company commanded by Stephen Richardson, of which Enoch Robinson was lieutenant, and Hewes served one month in Oct., 1777 in the secret expedition of Gen. Spenser (at that time). Joseph Cushman was also in the expedition to Tiverton with Hewes. Joel Reed of Attleboro was with Hewes in Caleb Richardson's company at Roxbury, and Hewes " also served with me under Capt. Jabez Ellis of the minute men so called ten days after the Lexington battle and were stationed at Roxbury in the year 1775," and he also saw other service with Hewes. (Invalid Pen- sion, 13, 359). Massachusetts Revolutionary Rolls show that Daniel Hewes was 348 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES one of the company of minute men which marched under Capt. Jabez Ellis on the alarm of the 19 April, 1775, that he enlisted in Caleb Richardson's company and was at Roxbury in Oct., 1775, having enlisted in May, 1775; and that he served in the company of S. Richardson under command of Gen. G. Williams on a secret expedition to Rhode Island, from 25 Sept. to 30 Oct., 1777 ; and that he enlisted 9 July, 1780 for six months, aged 25 years, 5 ft., 8 inches in height, and of dark complexion, and was discharged 12 Dec, 1780, having served in Capt. Crocker's and Capt. Flower's companies in Greaton's regiment at Camp Toto- way and at West Point. IV. 40 JOHN HEWES of Foxboro, Mass., (Benjamin, Solomon, George), bora in Norton, Mass., 22 Oct., 17 — (prob- ably about 1750). He was probably that John Hewes who was a member of Capt. S. Fisher's company in the 4th, Wheelock's, regiment, which marched to Warwick, R. I., on the alarm of 8 Dec, 1776, and one of those drafted from that regiment to form a company under command of Capt. Lovell, which " tarried at Providence." Serv- ice credited was 22 da}\s. Also in Fisher's company, which served in Rhode Island 12 days on the alarm of 21 April, 1777, and again, in same company, marched in a regiment commanded by Col. Titcomb, and served two months in Rhode Island from 3 May, 1777. Also served from 25 Sept. to 30 Oct., 1777, in Capt. S. Covell's company, Col. Benjamin Hawes' regiment (Mass. Rev. Rolls). Children: 105 (?) John 7 "Junior," to whom John Hewes (40) deeded land in Foxboro in 1825 (Norfolk Deeds, 77:245). In 1820 John Hewes, Jr., and Sabra, his wife, Sophia, David F., Laura Hewes and Olivia wife of Lewis Shep- ard, all of Foxboro, sell 54 acres in Wrentham, given them by their uncle Jeremiah Mann of Wrentham, de- ceased (Norfolk Deeds, 60:101). John Hewes was a wit- ness. 1 Warren W. Hewes, of Foxboro, machinist, died intestate and Rufus M. Hewes of Foxboro was appointed administrator 17 Oct., 18S5. See also his deed to David N. Hewes of lii* righl in estate <>f 54 acres deeded by the Prince heirs to Warren W. Hewes (Norfolk Deeds, 111:261). DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 349 106 107 108 109 IV. 41 BENJAMIN HEWES (Benjamin, Solomon, John), of Richmond, N. H., and Campton, Canada East, born in Attle- boro, Mass., 20 Aug., 1759 ; died prior to 27 March, 1850, when his widow Jemima applied for pension she then being aged. He married in Swanzey, N. H., 10 Oct., 1781, Jemima Cook of Swanzey, daughter of Caleb Cook, born 10 Oct., 1765 (History of Swanzey, N. H.). Children: 8 110 Anna, born in Swanzey, Sept., 1783. 111 Sally, born in Swanzey, 29 Jan., 1785 ; died 13 April, 1785. 112 Patty, born in Swanzey, 1786. 113 Sally, born in Swanzey, 1 Nov., 1787. 114 Polly, born in Swanzey, 13 July, 1789. 115 Providence, born in Swanzey, 12 June, 1791. 116 Lyman, born in Swanzey, 4 Feb., 1793. 117 Laura, born in Richmond, 7 Jan., 1795. 118-f Derrick, born in Richmond, 25 Sept., 1796. The family lived in Richmond in 1795 and 1796 (History of Richmond). Benjamin Hewes made application for pension on 13 Oct., 1841, then being aged 82 years. He declared he was born in Attleboro, Mass., and when quite young removed to Providence, R. I., thence to Swanzey, N. H., and thence to Wrentham, Mass., and there enlisted in company of Capt. Cushing (in Craft's regi- ment of artillery), of which deponent thought Knox was colonel; served six months in Boston, during the winter of 1776-7. (Mass. Rev. Rolls show that he enlisted in Dec, 1776, and was discharged 8 May, 1777. As he had enlisted for a year he hired Elias Guile as a substitute.) In June or July, 1777, he volunteered under Col. Ashley of Winchester, under the immediate command of Lt. Wilson, and started to march to Ticonderoga. When in Vermont they re- ceived word they were not wanted. Just before arriving home, 8 From History of Swanzey, and of Richmond. 350 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES an express called them back to Ticonderoga, but they were halted at Rutland and detained to guard stores until the Continental troops arrived, when they returned to Coffin's tavern in Caven- dish, and thence home, having served two months. Some time in the forepart of the following winter he again volunteered, and was of the guard to the captured army of Bur- goyne at Winter Hill, this last service being as a substitute for Mr. Everett. In two weeks a man took his place and he returned to Wrentham. Also volunteered at time of battle of Benning- ton, but did not arrive in time to participate in the battle. This service was only of a few days' duration. After this he served several short terms, but gave no particulars. He removed to Compton from Swanzey, N. H. (U. S. Pension : Widow, 17,995.) IV. 42 WILLIAM HEWES (Benjamin, Solomon, George), born 22 March, 1761, probably in Foxboro ; married 18 Feb., 1782, Abigail Woodcock, daughter of Jonathan Woodcock, bap- tized 11 Feb., 1759 (History of Swanzey, N. H.). He was of Milton, Vt., in 1832. Children: 9 119 Samuel, born 2 Aug., 1782 ; died 12 May, 1785. 120 Mary, born 1 June, 1784. 121 Fanny, born 1 Sept., 1786. 122 Thusa, twin with Fanny; died 5 Oct., 1786. 123 Samuel, born 22 April, 1788. 124 Luman, born 11 July, 1790. 125 Arethusa, baptized 16 Sept., 1792. 126 Esther, baptized 14 June, 1794. 127 Benjamin, baptized 4 Sept., 1797. 128 Wim.iam, born 1800; died 25 Oct., 1857; married 3 Oct., 1825, Axmiea Curtis, daughter of Calvin Curtis, born 17 Sept., 1803. IV. 44 GEORGE HEWES (Benjamin, Solomon, George), born 28 June, 17(55, probably in Swanzey; married 31 Jan., 1793, Saeah Wilson, adopted child of* Benjamin Wilson. Of Swanzey, N. H., in 1790, when the census ('numerates his family as consist- ing of two males over sixteen, ;unl two females. o From History of Swanzey. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 351 Children: 129 A son. 130 A daughter. FIFTH GENERATION V. 52 RICHARD BROOKE HEWES (Shubael, George, Solomon, George), of Boston, born 14 April, 1772; died 6 Sept., 1844. He married, first, 24 May, 1799, in Boston, Mart Bulkeley; married, second, Mrs. Mary Lamson Boyer, who died 27 Dec, 1879. She was the widow of Daniel Boyer, a master-mariner, by whom she had one child who died in infancy. Richard Brooke Hewes in early life was in the hardware busi- ness ; later he held a position in the Custom House, and later still was secretary to the Governor of Massachusetts. When George Robert Twelve Hewes was entertained in Boston, he was the guest of his cousin, who, however, was never an admirer of the " mob " which destroyed the tea. Children, by -first wife: 131+ Mary Ann Bulkeley, born April, 1800, baptized 11 May, 1800 (Second Church records) ; died 8 May, 1867; mar- ried Robert C. Bacon. 132 Joanna, born 19 April, 1801, baptized 17 May, 1801 (Ibid.); died Aug., 1891, s. p.; married late in life Daniel Mudge, of Lynn. 133 John Bulkeley, born 15 May, 1802, baptized 7 June, 1802 (Ibid.) ; died unmarried Oct. 1, 1862. He was a hard- ware merchant in Boston, and a man of strong intellect. 134 Eleazer Johnson, born 27 May, 1803, baptized 12 June, 1803 (Ibid.) ; married Eliza Hannah of Boston. He died s. p., 8 Oct., 1856. Dealer in nautical instruments in Boston. 135 Shubael, born 8 Aug., 1804 ; died unmarried 15 July, 1839, aged 34, of consumption (Boston records). "Always in delicate health." V. 54 HANNAH HEWES (Shubael, George, Solomon, George), born in Boston 19 Aug., 1777; died 24 March, 1849; married 17 Sept., 1797, Willl\m Cooper Hunneman of Rox- 352 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES bury, born 10 July, 1769, died May, 1856, son of Nicholas and Elizabeth (Cooper) Hunneman. Children: 136 William Cooper Hunneman, born 22 July, 1798; died 27 Oct., 1801. 137 Samuel Hewes Hunneman, born 12 Feb., 1800 ; died Jan., 1869. 138 William Cooper Hunneman, born 18 Dec, 1801 ; died 17 April, 1846. 139 Elizabeth Cooper Hunneman, born 22 Jan., 1804; died Nov., 1857. 140 Hannah Hewes Hunneman, born 8 Jan., 1807; died 27 or 28 Nov., 1880; married William Whitney Seaver of Roxbury. 141 Ann Fry Hewes Hunneman, born 15 Nov., 1808; died June, 1836. 142 Sarah Cooper Hunneman, born 29 Nov., 1810; died 10 Dec, 1831. 143 Joseph Hewes Hunneman, born 21 Nov., 1812; died 14 Dec, 1887. 143a Mary Cooper Hunneman, born 19 July, 1815; died 9 Aug., 1898 ; married William Bacon, Jr., of Roxbury. 143b Abigail Hewes Hunneman, born 30 Sept., 1817; died 20 Dec, 1836. 143c John James Hunneman, born 5 Aug., 1820; died 1 July, 1901. V. 55 ROBERT HEWES (Shubael, George, Solomon, George), born in Boston, baptized 5 March, 1780; died in Ohio in winter of 1861-62. He removed to Piqua, Ohio, 1813. In I860 he was a guest of his nephew, John B. Hewes, in Boston, at which time he was a contributor to Mendurns Boston Investi- gator, but it is said it was not until after the death of his wife that he adopted the extreme views he held in the later years of his life. He was an intellectual man and a good speaker. He was a hardware merchant. Child : 1 [ !■ Joseph, who married, and had four children, one <>f whom, Joseph, visited Boston in 1860. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 353 V. 60 DANIEL HEWES (Solomon, George, Solomon, George) of Boston, born 7 Feb., 1776. He is said to have been four times married. 1 He married second, 24 Oct., 1799, Eunice Gardner (New South Church records). In 1807, he, describing himself as of Boston, merchant, mortgaged land in Lunenburg. His wife, Eunice, released dower (Wore. Deeds, 166:269). In 1822 moved to Louisville, Ky. Children; as given in letter of Mrs. Cotton: 145 Joseph Fielder, born 26 July, 1800. 146 Sarah Tilden, born 10 Oct., baptized 18 Oct., 1801 (New South records). 147 Elizabeth Hunt, born 8 Oct., baptized 30 Oct., 1803 (Ibid.). 148 Rebecca Adamson, born 19 Sept., 1805. 149+ Daniel, bora 24 Aug., baptized 6 Sept., 1807 (Ibid.) ; mar- ried 2 July, 1832, Mary Ann Spence. 150 John Hunt, born 5 July, baptized 16 July, 1809 (Ibid.). 151 Henry Gardner, born 2 Feb., 1812; died 27 Feb., 1814 (Boston records). 152 Harriet, born 24 Sept., 1814. V. 66 SOLOMON HEWES (George R. T., George, Sol- omon, George), born in Boston, 1 May, 1771 ; died there 30 June, 1835; married in Franklin, Mass., 14 Oct., 1794, Sarah Ham- mond of Wrentham, bora in Needham, 12 March, 1774 ; died in Augusta, Me., 6 Oct., 1834 (Family records). Boston records give Solomon's death as 29 June, 1834, aged 66, from disease of the heart. As a child of eight years, Solomon Hewes stood on Copp's Hill and gazed at the burning of Charlestown, June 17, 1775. Twenty years later he was farming in Franklin, where, in the eastern portion he owned a small farm. In 1805 he sold his farm of 28 acres in Franklin and removed with his family to Union, Me. (Norfolk Deeds 23:28.) He was a cordwainer. Children, from family records: 153 Virgil, born 10 Aug., 1796 ; (born 21 Aug., 1795, Franklin records) ; died April, 1797. i Daniel Hewes, Jr., and Sukey Greenwood were married in Boston, 25 June, 1797. S64 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 154+ Virgil Hammond, born 14 June, 1798. 155 Sukey Sumner, born 21 Feb., 1801. 156+ John Milton, born in Franklin 5 Jul}*, 1803; died in Rox- bury 17 Nov., 1883. 157 James Hervey, born 11 Aug., 1805; died Oct., 1816. 158 Henry Martin, born 11 Dec, 1811; died 27 April, 1848. A printer in Boston. 159 Jabez Fisher, born 14 June, 1814; died at Medford, s. p. He married Susan Andrews. He was the well-known baker in the North End of Boston. After settling in Medford he took a prominent part in affairs there. He was a member of the Common Council 1864, 1865. He was also a prominent Mason and Odd Fellow. V. 67 ELIZABETH HEWES (George R. T., George, Solo- mon, George), born in Boston, Mass., 3 Feb., 1773; died in Cin- cinnati, Ohio, 23 July, 1837 ; married 19 March, 1795 (by Rev. John Wilder at Attleboro) Preserved Whipple Jr., born 27 March, 1770, son of Preserved and Olive (Ballou) Whipple of Cumberland, R. I. Children : 159a Elizabeth, born 31 Aug., 1795; married David Stophlet. 159b Sumner, born 30 July, 1797; died 1830; married Harriet Webber. 159c Sarah Hewes, born 6 Dec, 1801 ; died 29 Oct., 1832; mar- ried Horace Wells of Cincinnati. 159d Mary, born 2 Feb., 1800; died 10 June, 1826; married Frederick Sanxay. 159e Francis J., born 26 Jan., 1804; died at New Orleans, 11 Jan., 1847. 159f Olive Ballou, born 21 July, 1806; died 25 Dec, 1839. 159g George M., born 4 Dec, 1810; died 31 Dec, 1867. 159h Julia, died 1889. 159i Emily, born 8 Dec, 1817 ; died 3 Oct., 1819. 159j Amelia, twin with Emily; died 8 Aug., 1818. Preserved Whipple, Jr., and his wife resided first at Cumber- land, their bouse being located on the line dividing Cumberland and Attleboro. They removed to Richmond, N. II., and later DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 355 for a number of years resided in New York state, first at Rich- field Springs and then at Genesee. They finally removed to Cin- cinnati where Elizabeth Hewes Whipple died in 1837. Her hus- band's death is not recorded, although it is believed to have oc- curred about the year 1840 when he left Cincinnati to visit his married daughter but failed to arrive there, and was not heard of afterwards, it being supposed that he met with foul play. Mr. Horace Wells Sellers of Philadelphia is a descendant. V. 70 SHUBAEL S. HEWES {George R. T., George, Sol- omon, George), born 12 March, 1781; died 27 June, 1850; mar- ried 7 July, 1805, Mary Bowdish. This family removed to the State of New York. Children, family records of J as. M. Hewes: 160 Mary Eliza, born 24 April, 1806; died 19 March, 1889; married [ ] Sandborn. Children: Calista Sand- born, married John Brown and had Emilius Brown and Mary Brown ; Eliza Sandborn, married [ ] Eddy; Abija Sandborn, married Juliett Jewell and had Alice Jewell, Arthur Jewell and Sadie Jewell ; Volney Sandborn and Jane Sandborn, unmarried. 161 Olive Maria, born 23 May, 1808 ; died 12 Jan., 1888 ; mar- ried Hiram McDonald. Children: Ann McDonald, un- married; Maria McDonald, married John Scott and had Frank Scott, Cecil Scott, Stella Scott ; Louisa McDonald, married Horace Parks, and had Donald Parks, Anna Parks; Columbus McDonald, married and had Olive Mc- Donald, Martha McDonald, and Benjamin McDonald. 162 Caroline Sumner, born 17 Sept., 1810; died in infancy. 163 Caroline, born 9 March, 1812; died 24 Sept., 1888; mar- ried John C. Rowlee. Children: Shubael Rowlee, who married Emily Listin, and had John Rowlee, Jane Row- lee, Carrie Rowlee, and Anna Rowlee ; Virgil Rowlee, who married Julia Coe and had Earnest Rowlee and Earl Rowlee. 164+ Shubael Emelius, born 31 July, 1814; died 11 Nov., 1898. 165+ George Robert, born 22 Nov., 1816. 166 Louisa Jane, born 23 Aug., 1819; died 5 March, 1901; married Daniel Van Buren. Children: Mary E. Van 356 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES Buren, born 8 Feb., 1842, died 1 Jan., 1856 ; Louisa E. Van Buren, born 28 Feb., 1841, married Edmund Os- bom, and had Mabel E. Osborn, born 26 July, 1873, and Helen G. Osborn, born 21 Sept., 1876 ; Martha Ger- trude Van Buren, born 18 April, 1819, married Wm. J. Pentelow of Corona, Cal. (president of the Board of Trade) ; Helen Cornelia Van Buren, born 1 Dec, 1851, died 1 Jan., 1852. 167 Charlotte Celestia, born 28 Nov., 1823; died 7 April, 1896; married Thomas Judson. Children: Solon Jud- son ; Lizzie Judson, who married C Franklin Foster and had Judson Foster, Georgetta Foster, Charlotte Foster ; Mary Judson who married Frank A. Darrow and had Ernest Darrow. 168 Martha Ann Abigail, born 28 July, 1827; died 28 May, 1886; married Frank Gould. Children: Anna Gould, who married George Porter; Carrie Gould who married James Overacker ; Frank Gould, who married Minnie Wolff. V. 71 ROBERT (George R. T., George, Solomon, George) born in Wrentham, Mass., 25 Jan., 1784; died 13 March, 1864; married 20 Jan., 1811, Ann Hawkes, daughter of Daniel Hawkes of Richfield Springs, N. Y., born 7 Nov., 1785, died 24 July, 1850. Children: 169 Warren, born 26 Feb., 1813; died 19 June, 1842. 170+ Robert Perham, born 10 Jan., 1815 ; died in autumn of 1894. 171 Rhoda Ann, born 16 Dec, 1816; died 25 Oct., 1872; mar- ried 4 July, 1837, James M. Hunt, died 27 Oct., 1883. Children: J. Franklin Hunt, born 12 May, 1838; An- toinette Hunt, born 13 May, 1841, married 23 Feb., 1876, John H. Prendergast and had James Haborn Prendergast, born 2 Jan., 1878. 172+ David Hawks, 2 born 15 Nov., 1819. V. 75 ELEVEN HUGHES (George Robert Twelve, George, Solomon, George), of Charlestown, Clark Co., Ind., born 1796; - N'amcd for his ^randfallicr David Hawks. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 357 died about 1877; married Barbara McNay in Hamson County, Ky., 1818. Pie served in Capt. Boswell's Kentucky militia and made application for pension 14 April, 1871. He was then aged 76 years. According to his declaration he served under Gen. Clay, enlisting at Cynthiana, Ky., 29 March, 1813. He was taken prisoner 5 May, 1813, at " Dudley's Defeat." After being detained a prisoner five or six days, he was returned to the block house and suffered to go home. He was paid for six months' service, being discharged 28 Sept., 1813. In Jan., 1880, the pension had not been claimed for three years (Pension file 6816). V. 79 GEORGE ROBERT TWELVE FIFTEEN HEWES {George, R. T., George, Solomon, George), born 28 May, 1791; died [ ], 1878; married 24 April, 1814, Saybrook, Conn., Mary Watrus, born 9 July, 1795 ; died 13 Sept., 1889. Children : 173 Sally. 174 George C. C. 175 Charles J. 176 Lydia M. 177 Samuel. 178 Sumner J. 179+ James M., born 1838, of Hastings, Mich., 1894, who sup- plied this record. 180 Henry W. 181 Albert P. 182 Mary A. 183 Martha C. 184 Lucy J. George R. T. F. Hewes accompanied his father to Boston at the time of the Tea Party celebration in 1836. In 1874 he made application for a pension for service during the War of 1812. He was then of Springport, Mich., aged 83 years. In his dec- laration he states he married Martha Watrous at Saybrook, Conn., 24 April, 1814, and that she was then living. He served sixty days in a company commanded by Capt. Clark, Col. Belling's regiment, called out to garrison Ft. Saybrook in the summer of 1813, and was discharged at the close of the war in 1815. He was enrolled as a minute man and drafted for guard duty four times at Ft. Saybrook, twenty days each time, and was called 358 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES out frequently on alarms. He was in the skirmish at burning of shipping at Pettypogne. He Avas a resident of Saybrook and received no compensation. Application dated 2 June was re- jected 20 June, 1874. V. 94. IRA (Daniel, Daniel, Solomon, George), of Spring- field, N. Y., born 1 Jan., 1782. Children: 185 Ralph, born 1 Nov., 1806. 3 186 Charles, born 7 May, 1808. 187 Ira, born 29 April, i810. His son, F. W. Hewes of East Orange, N. J. (310 Dodd St.), was born in 1828 and after he was sixteen years of age lived in Michigan un- til 1887, when he went to New York. He was connected with the publishing business and with the S. S. Mc- Clure Co. V. 99 DANIEL H. HEWES 4 {Daniel, Daniel, Solomon, George), born 1 Sept., 1788; died in Springfield, N. Y., married Sept., 1810, Martha Main, who died in Springfield, N. Y., 4 Oct., 1844. Children: 188 David Alvaro, born 24 Dec, 1810. 189 Hiram, born 6 July, 1812. 190 Levant, born 27 June, 1814. 191 Joseph Albert, born 13 March, 1816. 192+ Asa M., born 14 May, 1818. 193 Clarinda, born 25 April, 1820 ; married, first, [ ] Humphrey ; married second, [ ] Boaudman. 194 Horace, born 17 Sept., 1822. 195 Squire D., bom 26 Sept., 1824: in 1896 lived at Spring- field Center, N. Y. ; married Sarah A. Ten Evck, born in Warren, 10 Aug., 1829, daughter of William and s Of this family are Mrs. Fanny Hewes Rnsbach of Herkimer, N. Y., and Mrs. Dan (Hewes) Hardy, of East Springfield, N. Y., in 1900. Dorr Hewes removed from Springfield. X. Y., to 15 Custiss St., Gloversville, N. Y., in 1900. ■I Daniel Hewes of (? Springfield) N. v.. lefl a will dated ?.i Feb., 1876. Robert Hewes Of Springfield, X. Y., is <»n Deeds index, 1810, and Candus Hewes died intestate 18G9. (Otsego Co., N. Y., records.) DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 359 Sally (Thayer) Ten Eyck. Children: Ann R., born 2 May, 1854; Squire Don, born 1 July, 1857. 196 Martha M., born 6 Sept., 1826; married [ ] Snyder. 197 Andrew Jackson, born 2 Sept., 1828. 198 Marietta, born 30 Nov., 1830; married [ ] Harris. 199 Bernice, born 30 Jan., 1833 ; married [ ] Hardy. 200 Eunice, born 12 Oct., 1835. V. 118 DERRICK HEWES (Benjamin, Benjamin, Solo- mon, George), born in Richmond, N. H., 25 Sept., 1796; mar- ried 30 Jan., 1820, Jemima Mann, daughter of Gideon Mann, Jr., they removed from Richmond in 1838 (History of Rich- mond). Children: 5 201 George O. 202 John 0., born 30 April, 1830. V. 123 SAMUEL HEWES (William, Benjamin, Solomon, George), born 22 April, 1788, in Swanzey, N. H. ; married sec- ond, Sarah Norwood. Children: 6 203 Celia, married Calvin Curtis. 204- Matilda, born 13 April, 1821. 205 Sarah Sophia, born 16 Aug., 1822. 206 Lorenzo Norwood, born 13 April, 1827. 207 Medora, born 11 May, 1839. SIXTH GENERATION VI. 131 MARY ANN BULKELEY HEWES (Richard B., Shubael, George, Solomon, George), born in Boston April, 1800; died 8 May, 1867 ; married 1837, Robert C. Bacon. Child: 208-f Adelaide Joanna Bacon, born 25 Jan., 1838; married George Darius Sargent. s From History of Richmond. 6 From History of Swanzey. 360 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES VI. 149 DANIEL HEWES (Daniel, Solomon, George, Sol- omon, George), born 24 Aug., 1807; married 2 July, 1832, Mary Ann Spexce. Ch ildren : 209 Harriet, born [ ], 1839; died s. p., unmarried. 210 William Kexdrick, born 4 June, 1841 ; died s. p. unmar- ried. 211 Hexry Evaxs, married 14 Sept., 1882, Margaret W. Geiger. No children. 212+ Edward Sturgeox. 213 Daxiel, born 21 May, 1848 : died s. p., unmarried. 214 Fannie E., born 1 April. 1851; married 20 Sept., 18T6, George Campbell McMichael. Children: Henry E. MeMichael, born 11 Oct., 1877; Eunice G. McMichael, born 13 Jan., 1879. Mary H. McMichael, born 13 Sept., 1881. George R. McMichael, born 29 Feb., 1884. Gretchen McMichael, born 28 Aug., 1887. VI. 154 VIRGIL HAMMOND HEWES (Solomon, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born in Franklin, Mass., 14 June, 1798; died at Hyde Park, Mass., 14 April, 1876, buried at Augusta, Me. ; married Aug., 1823, Thankful Hardixg of Weelfleet, Mass., born 1805; died [ ], 1836, of consump- tion. Married, second, at Gardiner, Me., June, 1839, Eliza McLaxe, widow, born in Plymouth, [ ] ; died in Sullivan, N. H., 14 March, 1879. Virgil Hewes lost the use of a leg by exposure in the water when ten years old, and in 1832 had the useless limb amputated. In 1815 he began learning the tailors' trade in Boston, and in 1819 went to Alabama, setting up business in Catawba, but re- turned to New England in 1823, and in the September following his marriage established himself at Waldoboro, Me. In 1828 he removed to Augusta and at different times was a partner of Wil- liam Hunt and William H. Chisam. In 1841 he again removed to Boston, and in 1854 settled in Cambridge. ( h ildren: * 215 Viiuur. MlLTON, born July, 1823; died in California 6 .March, 1861 : married Amur. 1 1 ask ELL of Waldoboro. Mr. * There were also two children who died in Infancy. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 361 216 Mary Thompson, born Waldoboro, Me., 29 Dec, 1825; died in Newton, 17 Dec., 1901. 217 Harriet Allen, born at Waldoboro, 27 Dec., 1827 ; died at Newton, 16 March, 1909; married 6 Feb., 1851, Samuel Foster Damon, who died 24 April, 1872, aged 44 years 2 months.* 218 Nathaniel Harding, born at Augusta, Me., died at sea. 219 Henry Clay, born in Augusta, Me.; died in Boston. By second wife: 220 George Robert, born in Augusta, 1840; died 1841, aged 6 months. 221 Isabella, born August, 1842; died 22 Apr., 1847, aged 4 years, 9 months, of scarlet fever (Boston records). 222+ Horace Greeley, born in Boston, 17 Nov., 1849. VI. 156 JOHN MILTON HEWES {Solomon, George R. T., George Solomon, George), born Franklin, Mass., 5 July, 1803 ; died Roxbury, 17 Nov., 1883; married 18 Feb., 1827, Susan Ann Shedd, daughter of Samuel A. and Lucretia (Wheeler) Shedd, born 15 Oct., 1804, died Roxbury 27 Oct., 1883. He was a printer in Cornhill, Boston. Children; born in Boston or Roxbury: 223 Milton Folsom, born 18 Nov., 1827, of Roxbury, who fur- nishes this family record. 224 Lucretia Wheeler, born 21 Oct., 1829; died ; married 15 Oct., 1855, Horace Wentworth of Newton, from whom she secured divorce. Children: Edward S. Wentworth, born 4 Nov., 1856; Lydia Gillespie Went- worth, bom 17 Oct., 1858; Edith Hammond Wentworth, born 15 Dec, 1862; Alice Wentworth, born 8 Nov., 1866. 225 Sarah Hammond, born 11 Feb., 1882 ; married 6 Oct., 1850, William Augustus Hosmer. Children: Sophronia H. Hosmer, born 12 March, 1852; Harriet Beecher Hosmer, d. y. 226 William Wirt, born 20 Aug., 1834; died 10 Oct., 1834. 227 Susan Maria, born 26 Nov., 1835; married, Roxbury, 29 Oct., 1863, George Edward Richardson. Children: *Thev had, besides two children who died early: James E., died 14 June, 1872, aet. -20. Mary Louise, died 4 Feb., 1910, aet. 46. Annie H., died 15 Sept., 1910, aet. 59.' Joseph N. of Boston. 362 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES Alice Gregg Richardson, born 18 Sept., 1865; Edward Gray Richardson, born 7 Feb., 1871. 228 Mary Gillespie, born 4 April, 1838; married Roxbury 3 Nov., 1864, Ira Allen Nay. Children: Frank W. Nay, born 30 Apr., 1866 ; George M. Nay, born 24 Feb., 1868 ; Ira Allen Nay, born 1 March, 1873. 229 Thomas Ford Caldicott, born 22 Oct., 1840; died 11 Nov., 1840, buried in Boston. 230 Charlotte Lawrence, born 10 Oct., 1841 ; died 22 April, 1842. 231 Ermina, born 10 June, died 12 July, 1843. 232 Clara Lawrence, born 8 Dec, 1844; married 24 Dec, 1872, John Calvin Cook. Child: Sherwin L. Cook, born 30 April, 1874. VI. 158 HENRY MARTIN HEWES (Solomon, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born Union, Me., 11 Dec, 1811; died 27 April, 1848, buried in Wiscasset (Boston records) ; mar- ried 20 May, 1834, Sarah Damon, born Wiscasset, Me., 18 Nov., 1812, died at Reading, Mass., 17 Feb., 1896. He was a printer in Boston. Administration on his estate was granted to the widow 12 June, 1848 (Suffolk probate 220:266). Children: 233 Sarah Hammond, born Wiscasset, Me., 23 Jan., 1835 ; died Boston, 11 March, 1859. 234 Joshua Damon, born Richmond, Va., 30 Jan., 1840; died Jersey City, 31 Aug., 1878; married 9 Nov., 1870, Jennie Chichester. Children: Augustus Lynch, born Brooklyn, N. Y. ; Harrison Damon, born Brooklyn ; Jennie Damon, born Brooklyn, N. Y. 235 Henry Martin, born Wiscasset, Me., 3 June, 1843; mar- ried 26 July, 1881, Alice B. Temple, bom Reading, died at Medford, 2 May, 1888. Children: Henry Martin, born Medford, 9 Oct., 1882; died 7 April, 188*4; George Robert, born Medford, 26 Dec, 1883; died August 5, 1884. VI. 172 DAVID HAWKES HEWES (Robert, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born probably in Richfield Springs, DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 363 N. Y., 15 Nov., 1819; died ; married 30 Jan., 1845, Abbie Irwin, daughter of Jared and Lillias Prendergast Irwin, born in Mayfield, N. Y., 3 Nov., 1821, died 4 July, 1898, at Chautauqua, after an illness of five years. She was born where the Chautauqua Assembly grounds are now situated. David H. Hewes has an oil portrait of George R. T. Hewes, painted on a board 2 feet, 6 inches by 2 feet, 1 inch, by Charles K. Palmer, at Richfield Springs in Jan., 1836. He also has the cuff buttons presented to him by the ladies of Boston in 1836. Children: 236 Jared, born 23 July, 1818 ; of Harmony, N. Y., in 1898 ; married 27 Dec, 1871, Lorilla Wier. Children: Clara A., born 23 April, 1873, of Stedman, N. Y. ; Walter AY., born 23 Sept., 1875, of Stedman, N. Y. 237 Robert, born 13 March, 1850; married 2 June, 1875, Emily Cornell of Mayville in 1898. 238 Ann, born 23 Oct., 1852; married 16 Dec, 1874, Dwight E. Morris of Mayville in 1898. 239 George, born 19 Sept., 1854 ; married 22 Nov., 1888, Ella H. Stanley. VI. 179 JAMES M. HEWES (G. R. T. Fifteen, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born 1838. He was living in Hastings, Mich., in 1894. He married 19 Mar., 1850, Harriet A. Fancher, born 1831, a granddaughter of Sally, a daughter of George R. T. Hewes. Children : 240 Martha. 241 George. 242 Daughter, " who married and has two children, Harry, aged 12, and Margaret, 3 or 4 months" (from letter probably written in 1897). VI. 164 SHUBAEL EMILIUS HEWES (Shubael, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born 31 July, 1814; died 11 Nov., 1898 ; married Henrietta White. Children : 243 Lella. Belle. 364 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 244 Fremont. VI. 165 GEORGE ROBERT HEWES (Shubael, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born 22 Nov., 1816; married Ann Peacock. Child: 245 Raphael, died 1873. VI. 170 ROBERT PERHAM HEWES {Robert, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born in Richfield Springs, N. Y., 10 Jan., 1815; died in 1894; married March, 1841, Olive H. Porter of Chautauqua, N. Y. Children: 246 Mary J. P., born 1843. 247 Cassius M. G., born 1846. 248 John W., born 1849 ; married 1891 Jessie Decker, who died 1893. He married, second, Lulu Wellman in 1895, and and has one child, Robert Wellman. 249 Franklin F., born 1851. 250 R. V. Adelbert, born 1852; married, 1896, Manuletta Marsh and has one child, Clara. 251 T. Sidney, born 1854. 252 Edward B., born 1858; married Fluvilla Belle Tucker. Children: George, Mary, Edward, Raymond. 253 Minnie T., born 1864. VI. 192 ASA MAIN HEWES {Daniel H., Daniel, Daniel, Solomon, George), born 14 May, 1818; died 7 June, 1892, in Warren, N. Y. ; married 19 Jan., 1839, Louisa Duell, of Hugue- not descent, daughter of Joseph and Phoebe (Potter) Duell, born 31 May, 1820; died March, 1909, at Richfield Spa, N. Y. They settled in Michigan, but later removed to Herkimer County, N. Y., where they purchased a farm. Children, born in Michigan : 254 Charlks, born 28 April, 1842; married 17 Sept., 1862, Frances Pierce, a descendant of Capt. Pierce, who com- manded a company of New Hampshire troops at the bat- tle of Saratoga, and daughter of Schuyler and Sarah J. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 365 (Prior) Pierce. Mr. Hewes is a molder, and now lives in Schenectady, N. Y. He served two years in the Union army. Children: Martha Genevieve, born 28 Aug., 1864; married 5 June, 1889, Arthur T. Sheldon. Lily Birney, born 17 March, 1868; married 28 Dec, 1885, Orlando E. Burt; married second 10 June, 1912, Harvey Rankin of Herkimer, N. Y. Myra Pierce, born 23 Oct., 1872; married 30 Oct., 1893, James McChesney of Schenectady. Fannie Phila, born 17 Sept., 1874; died 10 Dec, 1879. Frank Sidney, bora 4 Aug., 1879; died Nov., 1911. 255 Rosetta, born 18 Feb., 1844; married Newborn Arm- strong of Warren, N. Y., a farmer and veteran of the Civil War. Children: Clarence Armstrong. Albert Armstrong. Harris Armstrong. Clifford Armstrong. Frank Armstrong. 256 Phylinda, born 22 Aug., 1852; married Vining Harris of Springfield, N. Y. Child: Victor Harris. 257 Nora, born 16 July, 1857 ; married Frank Snyder of Springfield, N. Y. Children : Zela Snyder. Mabel Snyder. 258 Igene, born 23 Jan., I860; married Perry Kelley of Springfield Centre, N. Y. Children : John Kelley, deceased. Charles Kelley. Harry Kelley. Abbie Kelley. Etta Kelley. Gladys Kelley. Ruth Kelley. 366 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 258a Ralph, born 9 Oct., 1862; married Eva Lawyer. Child: Silas. They live at Richfield Spa, N. Y. VI. 206 LORENZO NORWOOD HEWES (Samuel, Wil- liam, Benjamin, Solomon, George), born 13 April, 1827; married 19 Nov., 1849, Phebe S. Richardson, daughter of Wyman Rich- ardson, born 19 April, 1826. Children: 1 260 Janette L., born 11 Dec, 1850. 261+ Franklin N., born 30 July, 1852. 262 Flora, twin with Franklin; married 9 Jan., 1872, George D. Hutchins and lives in Northfield, Mass. 263 Lilla E., born 18 April, 1855 ; died 17 Feb., 1857. 26-i Frederick H., born 7 June, 1857. Lived in Brooklyn, N. Y., and Swanzey, N. H., where he died 21 June, 1910, of pernicious anemia. He was a machinist and toolmaker. A widow and son, Lorenzo C. Hewes, survived him. 265+ Walter R., born 3 Feb., 1859. 266 Charles O., born 17 March, 1870. SEVENTH GENERATION VII. 208 ADELAIDE JOANNA BACON (Mary A. B., Richard B., Shubael, George, Solomon, George), of Boston; born 25 Jan., 1838; married 12 Dec, 1855, George Darius Sargent of Boston, who was born at South Hampton, N. H., June, 1832, son of Tappan and Maria (Eaton) Sargent of North Hampton, and died 2 March, 1890, in Boston. Children: 267 Arthur Hewes Sargent, born 26 Dec, 1856, of Boston and Hamilton ; married 6 June, 1888, Emilie H. White, daughter of Ralph Huntington and Ellen (Tucker) White. Children: Edith Adelaide Sargent, born 15 .May, 1889; Arthur Hewes Sargent, born 1 Aug., 1890; Joanna Sargent, born 26 Sept., 1892; died 18 Jan., 1896; Emilie Sargent, horn :2!) Now, 1896; Margaret Sargent, horn 21 Dec, 1899. i From History of Su.mzry, \. H. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 367 268 Mary Adelaide Sargent, born 15 July, 1863; married 7 Nov., 1883, Clarence Henry Poor of Boston, treas- urer of Standard Brazing Co., and broker in real estate, son of Chas. G. and Harriet (Collins) Poor. Children: Clarence Henry Poor, born 11 Oct., 1881; Virginia Sar- gent Poor, born 1 Feb., 1889; Adelaide Sargent Poor, born Mar. 8, 1897; Mary Bulkeley Poor, born 13 Nov., 1898. 269 George Wixthrop Sargent, born 5 July, 1866; married Jan. 14, 1901, Anna Henrietta Scheither, daughter of Louis Scheither, of N. Y. He is rector of St. Paul's in Natick, Mass. Children: Adelaide Joanna Sargent, born 19 Oct., 1901; Mary Winthrop Sargent, born 18 Dec, 1903 ; Virginia Anna Sargent, born 28 Feb., 1908. VII. 212 EDWARD STURGEON HEWES (Daniel Dan- iel, Solomon, George, Solomon, George), married 4 Feb., 1871, Mary Allen Butler. Children: 270 Anna Irene, born 18 April, 1878. 271 Fannie, born 19 Jan., 1881. 272 Edith May, born 6 May, 1884. VII. 222 HORACE GREELEY HEWES (Virgil H., Solo- mon, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born in Boston 17 Nov., 1849, lives in Braintree, Mass. He married in Portland, Me., 23 Sept., 1874, Helen Ilsley Jones, adopted daughter of Henry A. Jones, of Portland, born 5 March, 1849, died in Brain- tree, 14 Feb., 1898. Mrs. Hewes was descended from Miles Stan- dish, Kenelm Winslow, and John Alden, as well as other early set- tlers of Plymouth. She was daughter of Hosea Chase and Julia Helen Davis his wife, who died aged 19, leaving an infant daugh- ter Helen Ilsley. Mr. Hewes is an artist, having a studio at Braintree. Late in the eighties he began collecting information concerning the de- scendants of George Hewes of Salisbury, and for ten years devoted much time and labor to the task. His materials have been freely 368 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES drawn upon in preparing this account of the descendants of George Hewes, and the genealogy of the descendants of George Robert Twelve Hewes is mostly from his notes. Children: 273 Helen Eliza, born at Boston, 8 July, 1875. 274+ Laurence Ilsley, born in Dover, N. H., 28 Sept., 1876. 275 Henry Jones, born in Portland, Me., 26 Nov., 1879. VII. 261 FRANKLIN N. HEWES {Lorenzo W., Samuel, William, Benjamin, Solomon, George), born in Swanzey, N. H., 30 July, 1852; married 14 April, 1875, Hattie E. Farris. Children : 276 Ray F. 277 Elsie R. VII. 265 WALTER R. HEWES (Lorenzo N., Samuel, William, Benjamin, Solomon, George), born in Swanzey, N. H., 3 Feb., 1859; married 3 April, 1879, Emma J. Eastman, daughter of George W. Eastman. Children: 1 278 Henry N. 279 Bessie B., of Fitchburg. EIGHTH GENERATION VIII. 274 LAURENCE ILSLEY HEWES (Horace G., Virgil S., Solomon, George R. T., George, Solomon, George), born in Dover, N. H., 28 Sept., 1876, married 1901, Agnes Danforth, born in Syria, daughter of Galen Bancroft and Emily (Raynolds- Calhoun) Danforth. Her grandfather, Simeon Howard Cal- houn, was cousin of John C. Calhoun. C 'It ildren : 280 Laurence Ilsley, born in Kingston, R. I., 17 April, 1902. 281 Mary Calhoun, born in Providence, 16 Nov., 1903. 282 Jonx, born in Providence, 11) Feb., 1905. 283 David Danforth, born ai Hampden, Conn., 7 May, 1908. i Prom History of Swanzey, X. II. DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES 369 Laurence I. Hewes was graduated from Dartmouth College in 1898. The preceding year he had been resident engineer at South Hadley for the Massachusetts Highway Commission. In 1898 and 1899 he was assistant engineer of the Georgetown, Rowley and Ipswich Railway. The following year he was resident en- gineer on the Boylston Street Improvements in Brookline. He was elected a member of the American Mathematical Society in 1900, and the following year was created a Doctor of Philosophy by Yale and appointed Professor of Mathematics at Rhode Island State College, where he remained until 1905, part of the time, 1903-1905, being Professor of Highway Engineering. From 1905 to 1909 he was instructor of mathematics at Yale. In 1909 he removed to the state of Washington, where he purchased a ranch. The following year he located the Harbin highway from Goodnoe Hills to the Columbia River for Klickitat County. He was appointed Professor of Civil Engineering and acting Dean of the Engineering School of Whitman College, in 1911, having previously filled the position of Assistant-professor of Math- ematics. In 1911 he was appointed Assistant-professor of Mathematics at Dartmouth College, which he resigned to accept the post of Senior Highway Engineer of the Office of Public Roads in the U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. He is now Chief of Bureau of Mainte- nance and Economics. He has contributed to the Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, to the Transactions of the Amer- ican Institute of Mining Engineers, and to Annals of Mathema- tics, as well as to official publications, and is now engaged in the preparation, with H. L. Seward of Yale University, of a work on the " Graphical Representation of Mathematical Formulas." MISCELLANEOUS REV. GEORGE HEWES of Foxboro, Mass., a Methodist min- ister, married September, 1844, Julia Ann F. Aldrich, born 4 Jan., 1819. Their intention of marriage was recorded at Oxford, 1 Sept., 1844. Children. Sabia A., born 1845 ; married 1 Jan., 1869, William B. Fay of Monson, Mass. 370 DESCENDANTS OF GEORGE HEWES John J., born 1847; of Worcester; married Elizabeth Harper. Mary P., born 1848; died 1860. (History of Oxford, Mass.) John and Sarah Hewes of Foxboro, Mass., had a daughter Rosannah, born 14 July, 1848 (Rehoboth Records). DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE OF NEWBURY, MASS DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE OF NEWBURY, MASS. 1 I. 1 ABEL HUSE of Newbury was admitted a freeman of the Massachusetts Bay Company 18 May, 1642. He was a juror in 1646, and on the Grand Jury in 1658 (Ipswich Series County Court Records). In 1678 he took the oath of allegiance. He was born about 1603, for he deposed in Sept., 1664, that he was aged 64 (Vol. 2, page 45, Essex County Court Records). He died 29 March, 1690, aged 88. His first wife, who was not the mother of those children who survived him, was Eleanor, and she died 27 March, 1662-3 (County Court returns from Newbury). He married, second, 25 May, 1663, at Newbury, Mary Sears (Newbury records). She was widow of Thomas Sears, and had been earlier than her marriage to Sears called " Mary Hilton alias Downer." She survived her husband, and was sole executrix of his will. The will of Abel Huse, dated 7 March, 1689-90, proved 30 Sept., 1690, is found in Vol. 49, p. 99, of Essex Court files. The farm occupied by Abel Huse, now crossed by the Boston and Maine Railroad, was sold by his sons, who removed to the western part of the town. Children, from Nezvbury records: 2 Ruth, born 25 Feb., 1663-4; married 27 August, 1683, John Brown (Newbury records). 3+ Abel, born 19 Feb., 1664-5. 4+ Thomas, born 9 Aug. 1666. 5+ William, born 12 Oct., 1667. Thomas and William Huse were among the soldiers in the Canada expedition of 1690, to whom or their heirs, Salisbury, N. H., was granted in 1739 (N. H. Town Charters, 24). 6 Sarah, born 8 Dec, 1668. 7 John, born 20 June, 1670. He enlisted in the army sent against Canada in 1690, and died in the service. The i These " materials " are gathered entirely from the records, and the ar- rangement is given subject to correction in some particulars. Where there is doubt of any connection, that doubt is expressed. Mr. Isaac Huse of Manchester, N. H., printed, in 1907, "A Sketch of Abel Huse, the first of 371 372 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE following entry is found on the copy of Newbury records, ascribed to an ancient record, " John Huse, a Canadian soldier, died 3 Dec, 1690, aged 20 years, 5 months." 8 Amy, born 8 or 14 September, 1673; died 18 May, 1675. 9 Ebenezar, a daughter, born 10 August, 1675. SECOND GENERATION II. 3 ABEL HUSE, Jr. (Abel), of Newbury, born there 19 Feb., 1664-5 ; died 11 May, 1757 2 (of Abel and Mary " aged 94 3'ears " (Newbury records) ; married Judith Emery daughter of John, Jr., and Mary (Webster) Emery (Essex Probate). "Ju- dith Huse" died 24 April, 1753 (Newbury records). She was born 5 Feb., 1673. Abel Huse, Jr., lived on the Bradford road and was probably a tanner (Essex Deeds, 90:141). Administration on his estate was granted to Abel Huse of Ip- swich, a son, 23 March, 1757. The sons had received gifts of land during their father's life from him (Essex Deeds). Samuel had the farm in Methuen, 173 acres, as his share. The heirs to the estate were Abel, Stephen, and Samuel Huse, sons, heirs of John, a son, deceased, and daughters Sarah, wife of Caleb Kimball, Judith, wife of John Holman. Mary, wife of Enoch Davis. Sarah wife of Stephen Huse, is also mentioned. The homestead consisted of 40 acres. The grandson Enoch had lived with his grandfather for a year and a half before his death (Essex Probate files). Children, from Newbury records: 10+ John, born 31 Oct., 1694; married Sarah Toppan. 11+ Abel, born 18 Nov., 1696; of Ipswich, cooper. 12+ Stephen, born 16 Nov., 1702, of Methuen. 13+ Samuel, born 30 March, 1705. 14 Judith, born 13 Feb., 1708; married 23 May, 1728, John Holman (Newbury records). 15 Sarah, born 29 Jan., 1711-12 (Newbury records); mar- ried 17 April, 1735, Caleb Kimball. II. 4 THOMAS HUSE (Abel), of Newbury, born there 9 Aug., 1666; died 7 Nov., 1734 (Newbury records); married the name in America and ancestor of all the Huses in this Country," a pamphlet nt" twenty pages, tin- forerunner of a genealogy of the Huse family. 2 Died ii March, 1758, aged 93 (Emery Genealogy). DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 373 Hannah Webster, daughter of Israel Webster of Newbury, born 2 July, 1672 (Hoyt's "Old Families of Salisbury"). She died 12 Apr., 1737 (Newbury records). Her will as of " widow of Thomas Huce of Newbury," was dated 5 Feb., 1736-7, proved 23 May, 1737, and was witnessed by Abel Huse, Jr. She gives to daughters, Mary Holt, Hannah Hayes, Ruth Burnap, and son Ebenezer. Thomas Huse was a mason, and left a will dated 15 Nov., 1732, proved 2 Dec, 1734, at which time all of his children were living. Children, from Newbury records: 17 Mary, born 23 March, 1691 ; married 10 July, 1716, Oliver Holt of Andover (Newbury records). 18+ Israel, born 23 Oct., 1693. 19+ Ebenezer, born 15 Jan., 1695-6. 20+ James, born 29 June, 1698. 21 Hannah, born 5 Nov., 1700 ; married [ ] Hayes. Hannah Huse and Peter Hay married 17 Nov., 1717, at Reading. This was Capt. Peter Hay of Stoneham. (See Wyman's " Charlestown Estates.") 22 Ruth, born 14 Feb., 1702-3; married 1 Dec, 1726, Sam- uel Burnap of Reading (Newbury records). 23 Thomas, born 14 July, 1705. 24 Elizabeth, born 13 March, 1710 ; died 3 Nov., 1734. 25+ Joseph, born 3 Oct., 1712. 26+ Nathan, born 21 Oct., 1716, of Amesbury. II. 5 WILLIAM HUSE {Abel), of Newbury, born there 12 Oct., 1667 ; died 6 May, 1754, aged 86-7-0 (Newbury records) ; married in Boston 17 Aug., 1699, Ann Russell. William Huse of Newbury, housewright, gave to his son William, of Newbury, weaver, all his lands in Newbury, 17 Dec, 1748 (Essex Deeds, 101:63). Children, from Newbury records: 27 Ann, born 22 May, 1700. 28 William, born 30 Oct., 1701 ; died (?) 13 May, 1754. Wil- liam Huse, Jr., 3 and Mary Brown were married 17 Feb., 3 Administration on the estate of William Huse of Newbury was granted to widow Mary, 22 March, 1756. Besides lands in Newbury valued at £597, 374 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 1731-2 (Newbury records). William of William, Jr., and Sarah, born 5 April, 17-16. Mary of William, Jr., and Mary, born 20 Aug., 1718 (Newbury records). " William of William, Jr.," died 3 May, 1754, aged 82 years 6 mo. Probably error for 52 years, 6 months, and the word "junior" inserted incorrectly (Newbury rec- ords (copy) at Newburyport). 29 Keziah, born 7 March, 1711. THIRD GENERATION HI. 10 JOHN HUSE (Abel, Abel), born 1691, died in 1736; married 25 Oct., 1716 Sarah Toppan daughter of Jacob Top- pan (Essex Deeds, 88:276), who died 4 May, 1730 (Newbury records). He married, second, 12 Oct., 1730, Sarah Hopkix- son 4 (Bradford Vital Records), who married again, prior to 30 May, 1737, [ ] Bryant. John Huse had deed from his father, Abel Huse, of part of the homestead 19 Feb., 1723-1 (Essex Deeds, 47:17). In a deed of 1742, Parker Morse sells lands inherited by his wife from her father John Huse, which had been given to the said John by his father Abel Huse, then living in Newbury (Essex Deeds, 85:65). The will of John Huse, of Newbury, yeoman, dated 4 Jan., 1736, was probated 30 Aug., 1736. In it he names daughter Martha Jenkins, minor children, Mary, Abigail, Sarah, Hannah, and in- fant son John by second wife. Brother Abel Huse, Jr. His stock " of cattle, sheep, and negroes and horses " together with his real estate, were left to the infant son John, and in case of his death to his sisters. In Sept., 1736, Sarah and Hannah chose their uncle Richard Kent and Abigail and Mary their uncle Abra- ham Toppan as guardian. For a deposition of John Huse regarding Saltonstall's Mills on the Merrimack in 1732, see Suffolk files, 32,400, also 32,529, and 32,732. he possessed an estate in Brentwood, N. H. There was an idiot daughter Mary, under fourteen in 1 7/ifi. William Huse, Jr., and Benjamin Rawlins, lahorers, sold two-sevenths of the lot of land nut to the i" i j_r lit of Nicholas Rawlins in Newhury, 1136 (Essex Deeds, 79 £57). Miiiiv Hi si: of Newbury, yeoman, and Saiiaii his wife sell to Kbenezer Kimball of Bradford, all their interest, right, etc., in the dower set off to their mother, Martha Kimball, from the estate of Caleb Hopkinson, late of Bradford, j<) Nm„ LTSS (Essex deeds 67:234). DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 375 Children {Newbury records) : 30 Martha, born 14 July, 1717; married William Jenkins, of Newbury, goldsmith (Essex Deeds, 76:92). 31 Sarah, born 20 Dec, 1818 ; married 22 March, 1736, Nich- olas Johnson of Newbury, wagon-maker and peruke- maker (Essex Deeds, 80:164). 32 Hannah, born 31 Jan., 1719; married 14 March, 1736-7, Parker Morse and removed to Woodstock Conn., (Essex Deeds, 88:276). He was a physician. 33 Mary, 5 born 26 Dec, 1721. 34 Abigail, born 15 Feb., 1723-4; married 20 April, 1742 Moses Hale (Newbury records, also Essex Deeds, 110 :9). Child by second wife: 35 John, born about 1733. III. 11 ABEL HUSE {Abel, Abel), cooper, born in New- burr, 18 Nov., 1696; died, probably in Ipswich, intestate and in- solvent. Administration to his son Enoch Huse, 28 May, 1770. He married 29 April, 1729, Elizabeth Little (Newbury rec- ords). He married, second, Hannah Farley, widow of Michael Farley of Ipswich (Essex Deeds, 90:162). Children: 3&f Elihu(?). 36a Elizabeth, born 14 July, 1730 (Newbury records). 37+ Enoch, born 12 Oct., 1732, of Ipswich, farmer. 37a Elizabeth, born 29 April, 1739 (Newbury records). III. 12 STEPHEN HUSE {Abel, Abel), born in Newbury 16 Nov., 1702, and died 1 July, 1783, aged 81 (g.s. at Methuen). He practiced medicine in Methuen but in 1771 was of Haverhill. His will dated 13 Aug., 1771, proved 1 Sept., 1783, gave to sons John and Nathaniel lands in Methuen, on which John then lived. He also names wife Susannah and daughters Eleanor, Susannah and Mirriam. He married 30 July, 1729, Judith Emery, who died 5 Sept., 1730 (Newbury records). In 1729 she joined with her husband in selling a messuage in Newbury, bounded by lands of s Mary Huse and Daniel March married 6 April, 1742. Mary Huse and Samuel Toppan married 6 July, 1749 (Newbury records). 376 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE William and Thomas Huse (Essex Deeds, 58:146), and James Huse sold this in 1739. He married, second, Susannah Clement who died 20 July, 1809, aged 91 years (Methuen Vital Records). Stephen Huse G bought of his father 100 acres, part of the lat- ter's farm at Spickett's Neck on Spickett's river, 6 April, 1730. The deed was witnessed by Stephen Emery (Essex Deeds, 63:8). In 1757 Doctors Stephen and John Huse were on the alarm list of the militia company in Haverhill. Children (From Haverhill and Methuen records): 39 Eleanor, born in Methuen, 21 Nov., 1737 ; living 1771. 40+ John, born 7 Aug., 1739; his father bequeathed to him his " latin books and certain Physical Authors." 41 Mirriam, born 29 Aug., 1741. 42 Stephen, born 25 June, 1743. 43 Mirriam born 30 Oct., 1744; living in 1771. 44 Stephen, born 8 Nov., 1746. 45 Nathaniel, born 26 May 1749. 46 Hannah, born 27 Dec, 1751. 47 Hannah, born 18 Nov., 1756. III. 13 SAMUEL HUSE (Abel, Abel), of Methuen, born in Newbury, 30 March, 1705 ; died 26 March, 1783 (Methuen Vital Records). He married 14 July, 1726, Mary Myrick, who died 9 Aug., 1757, aged 56 years (Ibid.). Children (From Methuen Vital records) : 48+ Abel, born 14 Aug., 1727. 49 Mary, born 10 Aug., 1729; perhaps married Aaron Chamberlain of Dracut, intention 21 Nov., 1746. 50 Judea or Judith, born 8 Jan., 1731-2; probably married 27 Dec, 1753, John Pettingell. 51 Lidia, born 28 Dec, 1733, probably married 1 Nov., 1753 Joseph Morse, Jr. 52 Abigail, died 7 Sept., 1736. 53 Abigail, born 26 Aug., 1736. 54+ Samuel, born 7 March, 1740-1. 55+ Moses, born 4 Dec, 1743. «A Stephen Hum- appears on Methuen Vital Records as dying 17 July, 1782, apparently a duplicate of death record, 1 July, in the same publication. DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 377 56 Anne, born 18 Jan., 1738-9 ; probably married 15 Feb., 1759, John Griffes. III. 18 ISRAEL HUSE (Thomas, Abel), of Newbury, and of Kingston, N. H., bricklayer, born in Newbury, 23 Oct., 1693, married Aug., 1716, at Newbury, Ruth Bodwell of Haver- hill, daughter of Henry and Bethia (Emery) Bodwell of Methuen, born in Andover, 2 Dec, 1699 (Essex Antiquarian). Thomas Huse of Newbury, bricklayer, to his son Israel Huse 17 March, 1718-19 (Essex Deeds, 41:72). Israel Huse with wife Ruth of Newbury, sells to brother James Huse, joiner, also of Newbury, a dwelling house on the Bradford road, adjoining land of Ebenezer Huse, 23 March, 1725-6. The preceding year in a deed to Ebenezer Huse, his father Thomas Huse is mentioned (Essex Deeds, 56:91, 174). Child, 7 of " Israel and Ruth." (From Newbury records) : 56 Israel, born 5 March, 1719. III. 19 EBENEZER HUSE (Thomas, Abel), born in New- bury, 16 Jan., 1695-6; died 31 July, 1792, aged 97 years (New- bury records). He married at Newbury, 1 Nov., 1737, Elizabeth Hale, who died 15 July, 1768 (Ibid.). He left a will dated 2 Feb., 1785, proved 29 Oct., 1792, which mentions children of deceased son John, son Thomas, all his real estate, son Enoch and daughter Hannah Huse. Children: 8 57 Elizabeth, died 12 July, 1738. 58 Eliphalet, died 28 Feb., 1739. 59 Eliphalet, born 7 Aug., 1741 ; died 10 July, 1742. 60 Thomas, born 2 March, 1743. 9 i Jonathan Huse and wife Judith of Sandown, N. H.. 10 Dec, 1773, sell their interest in Hook's Ferry, Amesbury, coming to them from their grand- mother Judith Hook, deceased (Essex Deeds, 137:13). 8 Of these children the third on the list is entered as of Ebenezer and Sarah, the others younger than he as of Ebenezer and Elizabeth. From family statement and from certain other indications it would seem as if Joseph Huse of Weare was a son of Ebenezer, in spite of failure of his pre- sumptive father to name him in his will. The matter needs further investi- gation before final acceptance. 9 Deacon Thomas Huse had wife Sarah, who died in Newbury, 23 April, 1777. He married, second, 5 Aug., 1779, Rebecca Hill, who died 18 June, 1807 (Newbury records). 378 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 61+ John, born 7 Oct., 1746; in the army in 1762. 62 Hannah, born 18 April, 1718. 63 Nathan, born 29 March, 1750; died s. p. 64 Amos, born 13 May, 1752; died s. p. 65+ Enoch, born 5 Sept., 1753. 66 Sarah, born 27 Nov., 1751; died s. p. 67+ Joseph, of Weare, not named in father's will. III. 20 JAMES HUSE (Thomas, Abel), born in Newbury, 29 June, 1698. He married Elizabeth. James Hughes of Kingston, N. H., died 1753, leaving a widow Elizabeth. In the lists of Baptists living in Plaistow, N. H., perhaps between 1760 and 1770, appears the name of James Huse, and in 1710 there were in Kingston, Israel, Israel, Jr., and James Huse, of whom Israel and James were among those whose estates were set off to Hanpstead in 1716 (N. H. Town Papers). A James Huse was of Hompstead in 1785, and James Hews and James Hews, Jr., were among the petitioners for a township which later became Putney, Vt. Samuel Hewes, Sr., and Samuel Hewes, Jr., were also grantees of Putney. Children, from Newbury records: 68 Martha, born 11 Sept., 1729; died 27 March, 1736. 69 Samuel, born 16 Dec, 1730. 10 io Samttel Huse made application for a pension, declaring that he was then of Kingston, and at the time of his enlistment was of Plaistow, where he enlisted in October, 1775, under Capt. Dow of Salem, N. H., of which company Abijah Wheeler was lieutenant, and was stationed one month at a house near Bell's tavern on Great Island. Also that he enlisted in No- vember, 1775, and was stationed at Portsmouth, thence marched to Cam- bridge and was there attached to the £d regiment, and was discharged in February, 1776. He re-enlisted 1 June, 1776, in a company commanded by Capt. Quimby of Hawke, N. H., Col. Wingate's regiment, and marched to Ticonderoga. At the end of the five months for which the company had enlisted, Gen. Gates asked them to re-enlist and Huse remained for fifteen days. In May or June, 1778, he again enlisted, and met the company at the meeting house in Plaistow, thence marched through Haverhill, crossing the Merrimack in boats, thence through Bradford, Andover, Woburn, Newton, Dedham to Providence and was attached to the regiment commanded by Col. Peabody, and was assigned to drive one of the baggage wagons. Twenty- eight days before the battle of Rhode Island he went onto the island, cross- ing at Howlen's Ferry. When they left the island it was by Bristol Ferry. The army retired to Providence, where he was stationed until discharged in December. Jacob Webster of Kingston deposed thai Huse was in his company, and served three months at Portsmouth and Cambridge in 1775, and also served In Quimby's company of which Webster was lieutenant, at Ticonderoga in 1776 (Invalid Pension, 18,016). DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 379 70 Elizabeth, born 27 Oct., 1732; died 5 April, 1736. 71 Thomas, born 21 Oct., 1734; died 5 April, 1736. 72 Martha, born 1 April, 1737. 73+ James, died 7 April, 1736. 74 James, born 1745. u III. 25 JOSEPH HUSE (Thomas, Abel), of Newbury, born there 3 Oct., 1712; died 1745. Administration was granted on his estate to his widow Molly, who gave surety with Ebenezer Huse, husbandman, and Peter Rogers, both of Newbury. The estate consisted of 14 acres, house, barn and blacksmith shop on the Bradford road, and 16 acres elsewhere, all valued at £140, together with personal estate of like amount. Pistol, saddle and breastplate are inventoried. The son Joseph was to have the real estate and was to pay to his brothers Carr and Samuel, and to his sister Molly Huse their shares. Administration de bonis non was granted 2 July, 1750, to Charles Chase, who in 1761 received a receipt from his grandson Joseph Huse. Joseph Huse married 9 Oct., 1737, Molly Chase (Newbury records). All three of their sons served in the campaign against Canada during the last French War. Children (From Newbury records) : 75 Joseph, born 1 Feb., 1738. New Hampshire Revolutionary Rolls show the enlistment of Samuel Huse in Dow's company, and service at Great Island. Roll dated 5 Nov., 1775. Also his service in Quimby's company in July, 1776. Also as enlisted 10 April, 1778, in company commanded by Capt. Giles, Col. Peabody's regiment, stationed at Rhode Island, and discharged 4 Jan., 1779. He is described as of Plaistow. ii James Huse, aged 30, was a private in company commanded by Capt. Gilman in Col. Poor's regiment, 12 June, 1775. He was a husbandman, and came from Plaistow (N. H. Rev. Rolls, IV). He enlisted 25 May, 1775, and marched with the regiment to Cambridge, 18 June, and was in the same command 1 Aug., 1775. The following records are found in New Hamp- shire Revolutionary Rolls: James Huse enlisted in July, 1776, in Capt. Quimby's company, Col. Win- gate's regiment, raised for attack on Canada. Samuel Huse was in the same company, which seems to have been raised in and about Kingston, as Jacob Webster was lieutenant. James Huse was enlisted from Capt. Brown's militia company to be one of the guards at Portsmouth. He served two months from Sept., 1779. James Huse of Sandown, enlisted 12 July, 1780, to serve six months in one of the New Hampshire line regiments. His service expired 6 Dec, 1780. His age was given as 35 years. James Huse of Hampstead enlisted 26 July, 1781, and served until Janu- ary, 1782, in the N. H. line regiment commanded by Lt. Col. D. Reynolds. 380 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 76+ Carr, born 29 June, 1740. 77 Molly, born 4 July, 1742; probably married 5 April, 1764 Charles Pressy of Sandown, N. H. (Newbury records). 78+ Samuel, born 21 Feb., 1743. III. 26 DR. NATHAN HUSE (Thomas, Abel), of Ames- bury, born in Newbury, 21 Oct., 1716; died 23 April, 1809, aged 93 years. He married 5 Dec, 1738, Rachel Sargent (Amesbury second parish records), daughter of Joseph Sargent of Amesbury (Essex Deeds, 84:43) and Elizabeth Carr his wife. She was born 22 Feb., 1721, and died 7 Sept., 1792. She was admitted to the church 18 July, 1762. Dr. Nathan Huse was a " nephew of Abel Huse." He was a well known physician in Amesbury, living in the West Parish. Children, from records Second Parish of Amesbury: 12 79 Sargent, born 22 Aug., 1739. He was a lieutenant in com- pany commanded by Capt. Nathan Brown, Col. Jacob Gale's regiment, ordered to Rhode Island, where he served from 5 to 28 Aug., 1778 (N. H. Rev. Rolls, Vol. II). 80 Elizabeth, born 25 Feb., 1741. 81 Nathan, baptized 21 April, 1745. 82 Rachel, baptized 22 March, 1746-7. 83+ Joseph, born 2 March, baptized 9 April, 1749. 84 Ebenezer, born 25 Dec, 1750, baptized 10 Feb., 1751. 13 85 John, baptized 15 July, 1753. 86 Rachel, born 6 May, baptized 29 June, 1755. 87 Sarah, born 9 Feb., baptized 17 April, 1757. 88+ John, born 31 Oct., 1758. 89 Ebenezer, born [ ] baptized 14 Nov., 1762; prob- ably married 14 June, 1789, Lydia Davis. 90+ William, born 22 Aug., baptized 5 Oct., 1760. 91 Nathan, born 8 Aug., 1769. Administration on the es- tate of Nathan Huse of Amesbury, yeoman, was granted at request of the widow Alice to her son Stephen Huse. He died 22 Dec, 1824. He held an undivided interest in 12 Marriages from the same record: Hannah Huse and Jonathan Moulton, 19 N«»v., ]7h<>. John Hum and Mehitable Bagley, SO June, 17<):{. is An Ebenezer Hum- of Amesbury enlisted •» Aug., and served until 27 Nov., ITS |, in company commanded by Capt. Robinson, Col. Turner's regi- ment (.Mass. Rev. Rolls). DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 381 30 acres with Stephen Huse. Perhaps there was a son Nathan, also. Nathan Huse and Alice Sargent were married 20 July, 1797. IV. 36 ELIHU HUSE (Abel (?), Abel, Abel), of Ipswich, later of Boston, and finally of Islesboro, Me., where he died 14? Jan., 1808, aged 81 years. He was born therefore about 1727. Children, by zcife Elizabeth, from Boston records: 14 92 Lucinda, born in Ipswich, 20 May, 1759. 93 Amelia, born 11 Sept., 1761. 94 Cyrus, born 25 June, 1763. 95 Clarissa, born 25 June, 1763. 96 Matilda, born 23 Feb., 1765. 97 Julius, born 29 July, 1767. 98+ Paoli, born 14 Jan., 1769. IV. 37 ENOCH HUSE {Abel, Abel, Abel), born 12 Oct., 1732; married Rebecca Dennison, daughter of John Dennison of Ipswich (Essex Deeds, 129:283). He married, second, 1770, Esther (Ibid., 157:31). In 1770 he was of Ipswich, a weaver and husbandman, and administrator of his father's estate. In 1771 he bought land in Harvard, and was living there in 1813. Children, shown by Worcester deeds and probate, possibly others: 99 Enoch, born [ ] ; died 1813. Administration on his estate was granted to his widow Lucy. Will allowed 6 July, 1813. All his lands to wife Lucy for life, with reversion to his lawful heirs. His father was then living. 100+ John Dennison, of Harvard, 1788. IV. 40 DR. JOHN HUSE (Stephen, Abel, Abel), of Me- thuen, born 7 Aug., 1739; died 25 Sept., 1802, aged 63 years (Methuen Vital Records). His will, dated 18 Sept., proved 5 Oct., 1802, provides that wife Anna should have her dower, and all household goods and with three youngest daughters the pew in the First Parish Meeting House. The remaining two-thirds of his real estate to his children, share and share alike, except that the daughters were to receive but one-third as much as the i* For mention of this family see Farrow: History of Islesboro, Me. 382 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE sons. Son Stephen was to have $100 for his birthright. His aged and honorable mother was to receive support out of the es- tate. Doctor Huse was also deacon in the church at Methuen. He married 15 March, 176-1, at Haverhill, Anne Webster of Haverhill (Methuen Vital Records). A John Huse of Methuen was clerk of the company commanded by Major S. Bodwell, which marched on the alarm of April 19, 1775, and served four days and a half; also a John Huse was first lieutenant in the company commanded by John Bodwell, Col. Samuel Johnson's regiment (1th Essex militia), having been com- missioned 3 April, 1776. As lieutenant he served 40 days in Capt. David Whittier's company, Major Benjamin Gage's regi- ment, which marched to join the Northern army by order of the General Court, 22 Sept., 1777. Roll dated 2 Oct., 1777. Children of John and Nanne or Anna (From Methuen Vital Rec- ords). Those given as of xcife Anna are marked "with an *. 101+ Stephen,* born 12 Dec, 1761; died 1803. 102 Jonathan, born 23 Feb., 1767. 103 Ruth, born 9 May, 1769. 101 John, born 7 Jan., 1772; died s. p. 18 Nov., 1831, aged 60 years. Administration 3 Jan., 1832, to William Huse of Methuen. Widow Hannah survived. John Huse and Betsy Lovell of Salem, N. H., intend marriage 23 Dec, 1805. Betsy wife of John Huse, died 19 May, 1822, aged 41 or 44. John Huse and Hannah John- son married 13 May, 1823 (Methuen Vital Records). 105 Joseph, born 21 Feb., 1774. 106 Susanna, born 9 Oct., 1775; died 19 Sept., 1786. 107 William,* bora 27 Dec, 1777. 108 Nancy,* born 19 Jan., 1780. 109 Nathanikl, born 15 Jan., 1782. 110 Nabby Webster,* born 3 Jan., 1784; married 16 Dec, 1805, Dr. Silas Browne of Kittcry. 111 Sally,* born 19 March, 1786. Ensign Benjamin Osgood was appointed guardian of Abigail, aged 19, and Sally aged 17, daughters of Dr. John Huse, 2 May, 1803. IV. 48 ABEL HUSE (Samuel ( ?), Abel, Abel), of Methuen, born 14 Aug., 1727; married 22 June, 1749, Mary Whittier DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 383 (Methuen Vital Records), who died 23 Nov., 1771, aged 42 years. Abel Huse and Lydia Emerson of Haverhill intend marriage 31 Oct., 1772 (Methuen Vital Records). Children, born in Methuen: 112 Ruth, born 1 Nov., 1750; married (?) 4 March, 1773, Moses Merrick. 113 Nathaniel, born 22 July, 1752; died 28 July, 1752. 114 Mary, born 5 Sept., 1753; died 6 Oct., 1753. 115 Persis, born 7 July, 1755; married (?) 14 July, 1774, James Sprague of Pelham. 116+ Isaac, born. 16 Sept., 1757. 117 Thomas, born 1 Feb., 1761 ; died 14 Sept., 1763. 118 Molly, born 25 Jan., 1763. 119 Josiah, born 16 May, 1766. IV. 54 SAMUEL HUSE, JR. (Samuel (?), Abel, Abel), born in Methuen, 7 March, 1740-1 ; died there 3 Feb., 1814, aged 73 years (Methuen Vital Records). He married 1 Sept., 1763, Elizabeth Asten (Ibid.). He left a will dated 6 May, 1803, proved 8 Feb., 1814, which names wife Elizabeth, daughter Eliza- beth Asten, son Daniel, daughter Dorcas Baker, son Aaron, daugh- ters Sally and Hannah Huse, and son Samuel. Children (From Methuen Vital Record) : 120 Elizabeth, born 5 June, 1764. 121 Samuel, born 4 Sept., 1765; died 24 Aug., 1778. 122 Daniel, born 4 April, 1767; died 23 March, 1849, aged 82 years. Daniel Huse and Elizabeth Stevens intend marriage, 25 Nov., 1790. 123 Dorcas, born 6, bapt. 9 Oct., 1768; married Barker. 124 Hannah, born 30 June, 1772; died 1 Sept., 1773. 125 Aaron, born 13 Nov., 1773. 126 Salla, bora, [ ] ; died 7 Sept., 1773. 127 Abel, born [ ] ; died 5 Sept., 1775. 128 Sala, born 24 June, 1776; d. y. 129 Abel, born 2 Nov., 1776; died 10 Aug., 1778. 130 Salla, born 21 March, 1778 ; died 26 July, 1843. 131+ Samuel, born 6 April, 1780. 132 Hannah, born 8 Oct., 1782. 384 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE IV. 55 MOSES HUSE (Samuel, Abel, Abel), born in Meth- uen, 4 Dec, 1743; married in Sutton, Mass., 20 April, 1769, Elizabeth Barton. Elizabeth, wife of Moses Huse, died in Grafton, Mass., 18 Aug., 1785. The census of 1790 does not mention any of this family living in Grafton. Moses Huse, laborer, of Grafton, sold to Samuel Prentice eight acres in Grafton with a small dwelling house thereon, on the north side of the road from Sutton to Boston (Worcester Deeds, 126 :284). He had bought land opposite Wheeler's Pond in 1784. Moses Huse of Grafton enlisted for three years and served from 31 March, 1777, to 31 March, 1780, in the company com- manded by Capt. J. Blanchard, Col. Wesson's (9th) regiment Massachusetts line in the Continental army (Mass Rev. Rolls). He had previously lived in Methuen. There has been some difficulty in determining whether the facts above given refer to Moses of Methuen or partly to him and Moses of Medfield. Children: 134 Alfred, of Moses and Elizabeth, born in Methuen, 17 Jan., 1770. 134a Bezeleel, born in Grafton, 25 April, 1785. IV. 61 JOHN HUSE (Ebenezer (?), Thomas, Abel), of Newbury, if son of Ebenezer born 7 Oct., 1746; married 19 May, 1768, Dorothy Whittemore (Newbury records). Children (From Nexcbury records) : 135 John, born 28 Nov., 1768. 136 Robert, born 21 Sept., 1771. 137 Ebenezer, born 20 Dec, 1773. 15 138 Dorothy, born 31 Aug., 1775. Dorothy Huse and John Sargent intend marriage 12 Oct., 1804 (Methuen rec- ords). IV. 65 ENOCH HUSE (Ebenezer, Thomas, Abel), of Bos- ton, merchant, born in Newbury 5 Sept., 1753; died in Boston 19 is Administration on estate of Ebenezer Huso of Salisbury, mariner, was granted to Samuel Newman, Esq., I Aug., 1880, who gave as surety John Muse of NYwliiiryport, cabinet maker. Ebenezer left a widow, Mehitable, and a brother, probably the John Huse above mentioned, who were his heirs. DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 385 July, 1817, " aged 64," (g. s. Copps Hill) of dropsy (Boston death records). He married 12 Nov., 1783, Sarah Hill (New North Church register), who died 31 Aug., 1798, and was buried on the Common. At her death she was aged 46 years (Inde- pendent Chronicle Sept., 1798). He married, second, Sarah Hancock who died of fever, 24 July, 1819, aged 49 (Boston records). Ebenezer Hancock, Esq., Enoch Huse, merchant and Sarah his wife, and John Hancock, merchant, all of Boston, sell to Amaziah French and others of Southwick, lots 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, in that town formerly belonging to Gov. Hancock, deceased, 28 Feb., 1807 (Hampden Deeds, 47:552). Enoch Huse of Newburyport was a member of the crew of the armed ship America, commanded by Capt. John Somes. In the descriptive list, 9 June, 1780, of the crew he is described as 26 years old and six feet tall 16 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). In 1789 he lived in Wins Court, Cornhill, and did business in State Street (Boston Directory). His will dated 28 Oct., 1808, was proved 28 July, 1816. To wife Sarah the property she brought him at her marriage. Children: Sally, Rebecca, Betsy Hale, Lucy Hill. Nephew Obadiah Huse of Boston, merchant (Suffolk Probate 115:439). Children : 139 Hannah, died 16 Aug., 1796, aged 2 years (gravestone). 140 Sally. 140a Rebecca. is The following records of Revolutionary service appear under Enoch Huse: Enoch Huse of Newburyport was a member of the troop of horse commanded by Lt. John Brickett, which marched to Cambridge the day after the alarm of 19 April, 1775. Huse was retained as a post rider. The following records of service are from Massachusetts Revolutionary Rolls. Enoch Huse was a corporal in the company commanded by Capt. J. Poor, and gave receipt dated March 18, 1777, at Newbury. He served six weeks. Perhaps he was the same man who served as sergeant in company commanded by Capt. Ilsley in Cogswell's regiment, enlisted 30 Sept., discharged 16 Nov., 1776. Travel 200 miles allowed. Perhaps also the same man who appears as 2nd lieutenant in company commanded by Capt. C. Kimball in Col. Gerrish's regiment, detached from the militia to guard Burgoyne's army at Winter Hill, 13 Nov., 1777, to 3 Feb., 1778. Enoch Huse gave a receipt to the selectmen of Newbury 25 Jan., 1779, he having served one and one-half months under Major William Rogers in Rhode Island. Enoch Huse of the 4th Massachusetts regiment was sick in hospital at New Windsor in February, 1783. 386 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 141 Betsy Hale. 142 Lucy Hill. IV. 67 JOSEPH HUSE (Ebenezer (?), Thomas, Abel), of Weare, N. H., born in Newbury; died 1806; will dated 28 Feb., proved 3 June, 1806 (Suffolk Probate, 188, part 2, 53). Names sons Obadiah, Moody, and Ebenezer, the last to remain on the farm until of age. Wife Hannah. Son Enoch has had his por- tion. Thomas Huse a witness. He married 5 Feb., 1775, Han- nah Huse (Newbury records). He settled in Weare in 1772 and was an extensive farmer there (Little: History of Weare). Children (as given by Little) : 143 Joseph, died 1795, aged 20 years. 144 Enoch, married Sarah Webster, and settled in Maine. 145 Thomas, died 1803 aged 23. 146 Obadiah, of Boston, merchant; married 1821, Hannah Green. He is named in will of uncle Enoch Huse and was one of the executors. 147+ Moody, born 20 Jan., 1784. 148 Ebenezer, born, minor in 1806; married Mary Paige, widow of Enoch Paige, and removed to Vermont. IV. 75 COL. JOSEPH HUSE (Joseph (?), Thomas, Abel), of Newburyport, Esq., married 2 Dec, 1762, Abigail Johnson (Newbury records). He married, second, 5 March, 1776, Sarah Moody, who died 3 March, 1799 (Newburyport records). Administration on his estate 5 Sept., 1811, to William Huse, mariner. The heirs were John, William and Ebenezer Huse, and Abigail, wife of Henry Poor. Capt. Joseph Huse served in the French and Indian War. He was elected by the town of Newburyport one of the Committee of Safety and Correspondence, 2 Sept., 1774. Children (From Newbury records): 149 Joseph, born in Newburyport, 12 Sept., 1763. 150+ William, born 28 Nov., 1765. 151 Moses, born 30 Oct., 1767; died in lifetime of his father, 3 May, 1798 (Newburyport records). DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 387 152 Caleb, born 29 June, 1770. Administration on estate of Caleb Huse of Newburyport, tobacconist, granted 6 Sept., 1831. He had been in partnership with Enoch Huse. Left widow Mary and two minor children, Ellen M., aged 5, and Sarah C, aged 3, who became wards of John Huse. 153 Ebenezer, born 9 May, 1774. 154 Sarah, born 20 April, 1775. 155 Jacob, born 12 July, 1778. 156 Abigail, Johnson, married Henry Poor of Newbury, house- wright. Children: Sally Poor, Joseph H. Poor, and Henry Poor. 157 Benjamin, born 28 Nov., 1778 (?). 158 John, born 9 Sept., 1783. In 1827, Eliza Huse, aged 17, and Benjamin Huse, aged 15, children of John Huse of Newburyport, cabinet maker, chose Elizabeth Gerrish Huse of Newbur} r port, widow, their guardian. IV. 76 CARR HUSE {Joseph, Thomas, Abel), of New Chester (now Hill), N. H., born in Newbury, 29 June, 1740; died at New Chester, 10 April, 1833; married July, 1771, Sarah Wells, who died 8 July, 1773, aged 33 years, 3 months, and 24 days. He married, second, 1775, Joanna Buswell, who died 21 June, 1823, aged 77. Children, 5 by first marriage, Jf. by second marriage: 159 John, born [ ] 1784; died 26 Feb., 1859; was twice married and had six children. His son Carr, born 1814, married 10 Feb., 1842, Arvilla K. Harper, who died in 1843, and he married that same year Charlotte W. East- man. Carr died 26 July, 1869, having had five children, of whom George M. the present owner of the homestead has a son Carr. Carr Huse was in the army in 1758-1760, the latter year serving as corporal. In the Revolution served as a sergeant in the company commanded by Capt. John Willoughby, which marched to join the Northern Army under Gen. Gates. They were attached to Col. Chase's regiment, and served from 25 Sept. to 28 Oct., 1777. This same year Carr Chase hired a substitute 388 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE to perform military service if he should be required to do so. He was Selectman in 1779 and in 1781 and Justice of the Peace in 1789. There is a sketch of Carr Huse in the History of Bristol, N. H., by Musgrove, in which it is erroneously stated that he was born in England and " landed in Newbury port in 1761." He spent the summers 1767-1769 in clearing a farm at New Chester, and in July, 1771, had lived in a house near the village of Hill for a year and four months. He was Selectman of New Chester in 1773 and for eighteen years thereafter and having also been chosen town clerk in 1774 he continued in that office for thirty- three years. The homestead is now owned by George M. Huse, a descendant. IV. 78 LT. SAMUEL HUSE (Joseph (?), Thomas, Abel), of Newburyport, joiner, Samuel son of Joseph and Mary Huse died 22 Oct., 1820, aged 76 (Newbury Records). Administration on estate of Samuel Huse of Newburyport, gen- tleman, who died Oct., 1820, was granted Nov., 1820, to Jacob Gerrish, Esq. The heirs were Mary C. Burroughs, Elizabeth Ladd, Sarah Somerby, Joseph Huse. Samuel Huse was granted a pension in 1818 for service in 12th Massachusetts regiment. Enlisted 1 Jan., 1776, as 2nd lieutenant in company of Capt. Jacob Gerrish, Col. Moses Little and served 1 year and 6 weeks from 1 Jan., 1776. His commis- sion signed by Gov. John Hancock, as second lieutenant, dated 1 Jan., 1776, is on file in Invalid case 32,872, Pension Bureau. He married Sarah Cross, daughter of Ralph Cross, of New- buryport, shipwright (Essex Deeds, 157:192). She died prior to 1820. Samuel Huse served in the army in 1760 and 1762. Children 17 of " Samuel and Sarah" from Newbury records and Xcicburyport records : 169+ Samuel, born 15 Sept., 1766 (Newburyport records). 170 William, born 30 Nov., 1768 (Newburyport records) of Newburyport, housewright. Administration on his es- tate, 7 Sept., 1809. Children: Ann Choate aged 5 years, it A Samuel Huse and wife Mary had daughter Sally, horn 14 Sept., 1793 (Newburyport records). DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 389 1809. (Her father had been appointed her guardian the preceding year.) 171 Sarah, born 8 Aug., 1769 (Newbury records). 172 Enoch, born 26 Nov., 1772 (Newburyport records). 173 James, born 19 Sept., 1779 (Newburyport records). 174 Joseph, born 8 Oct., 1791 (Newbury records). IV. 83 JOSEPH HUSE (Nathan, Thomas, Abel), born in Amesbury, Mass., 2 March, 1749; died 10 July, 1827; married, first, Abiah. He married, second, Mrs. Pease, daughter of Daniel Morri- son. She died 12 Dec, 1821. He settled in Sanbornton, N. H., 1782, after the war, in, which he served as a private (" Gleanings and Personal Memoirs, etc., Boston and Eastern Massachusetts," edited by W. R. Cutter). Child: 175 John, born in Sanbornton, N. H. ; removed to Littleton, N. H. ; married 4 Oct., 1796, Mary Carter. Children: Simon, of Coventry, Vt. ; Joseph, " went West " ; Daniel of Enfield, N. H. IV. 88 JOHN HUSE (Nathan, Thomas, Abel), born 31 Oct., 1758 in Amesbury; died 15 Sept., 1832; married Molly Bean, born 3 Aug., 1764; died 25 July, 1833. John Huse settled with his brothers William and Joseph in Sanbornton, N. H., after 1782. (See " Genealogical and Fam- ily History of N. H.," edited by Ezra S. Stearns.) Children : 176 Abigail, born 19 June, 1783 ; married Joshua Brown. Of Knox, Me. 177 Elizabeth, born 2 Oct., 1785; married Elisha Johnson. 178 Rachel, born 3 Aug., 1787 ; married Elisha Johnson. 179 Molly, twin with Rachel, married Joseph Cummings. 180 Stephen, born 25 June, 1790. 181 John, born 25 March, 1800. 182 Sally, born 8 May, 1802; married Bradbury Morrison. 183 William, born 1806; died 27 Sept, 1870; married 14 July, 1835, Sarah M. Verbeck who died 1861. Children, born 390 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE in Enfield: Frank V., Everett B., died 1907, prominent in the G. A. R. ; William G. He made application for a pension 28 Aug., 1832, declaring he was born in Amesbury in Oct., 1758, had lived in Epping, and for fifty years in Sanbornton. In August, 1776, he enlisted in the company commanded by Capt. Dodge in Col. Francis' regi- ment, from Amesbury, and marched to Dorchester, where he was stationed until term expired in December, 1776. (His name ap- pears on the company roll of November, 1776.) He again enlisted after the surrender of Burgoyne, Oct., 1777, for three months, in company commanded by Capt. Tit- comb, Col. Peabody's regiment, and marched to Winter Hill where he was stationed until discharged. (Enlisted 10 Nov., 1777, and served until after 3 Feb., — probably 16 Feb., — Titcomb's com- pany in Col. Gerrish's regiment of guards.) He again enlisted for three months under Capt. Jewell (Jew- ett?), in regiment of Col. John Huse, last of June or first of July, 1780. Marched from Amesbury to Springfield, thence to West Point, and was there during the discovery of Arnold's trea- son. Discharged at end of term of enlistment. 18 In June, 1781, enlisted on the ship Grand Monarch for three months, and served four months. The Grand Monarch was a ship of 18 guns and was commanded by Capt. John Lee of Newburv- port. Parker was her lieutenant. She sailed from Newbury- port, almost to the English channel, took one prize, a small brig, which was retaken, but which on the return voyage was again captured by the Grand Monarch and brought into port. The Grand Monarch carried 105 men, including officers, and arrived home in November. None of her crew were hurt except one man whose legs were broken in a scuffle with one of the crew, but " not in anger." Robert Hunkins, aged 73, of Sanbornton, testified that Huse enlisted same time he did in Francis' regiment. Hunkins was in Capt. John Peabody's company. Certain inquiries touching rights of heirs in their father's pension, made in August, 1835, in- dicates that Huse had then deceased. (Invalid Pension, 10,892.) is This service is described in Massachusetts Revolutionary Rolls as enlisted 6 July, 1780, and discharged 10 Oct., 1780. ('apt. Titcomb's company in Col. N. Wades' regiment raised to re-enforce the Continental army. Credited with £60 mikB travel home. Joseph Huse was lieutenant colonel of Wades' regiment, which served in New York. DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 391 90 WILLIAM HUSE (Nathan, Thomas, Abel), born in Amesbury, 22 Aug., 1760; died in Waterbury, Vt., 28 Nov., 1839 (Pension record) ; married in Epping, 18 July, 1780, Rachel Brier, who obtained a pension 1846, when she was 87 years of age. They settled in Sanbornton after the War, thence moved to Orange, Vermont, returning, however, to Sanbornton, but eventu- ally settling in Waterbury. William Huse applied for a pension in 1832, when he was of Strafford, N. H., and aged 72 years. At time of enlistment he was living in Epping, and moved to Sanbornton in 1781. He enlisted 1 Jan., 1778, for one year, in company of Capt. Samuel Dearborn, Col. Stephen Peabody's regiment, and marched to Providence, and in the last of July in that year was ordered to the Island and during the campaign served about the bay under Sullivan. He was discharged at the end of his term of enlistment. In Oct., 1779, he enlisted in Amesbury for three months and marched to Great Barrington, and thence to Albany and down the Hudson. He served as corporal. (Widow Pension record, 23,365.) Revolutionary Rolls of New Hampshire show that he enlisted 15 April, 1778, and served until 4 Jan., 1779, in the Continental service at Rhode Island, in Dearborn's company and Peabody's regiment, and Massachusetts Revolutionary Rolls show that he enlisted in Jenkins' company, Col. Gerrish's regiment, at Claver- ack, N. Y., and served with the rank of corporal. Rev. Abraham Bodwell, of Sanbornton, aged 71 in 1832, testi- fied to Huse's reputable character. Children: 184 Rachee. 185 Joseph, born in Sanbornton, 2 March, 1783; died in Wa terbury, Vt., 24 Jan., 1856, leaving several children. 186 Nathan. 187 Hannah. 188 Theophilus N. 189 Mercy. 190 Willim. 191 Sarah. 192 Ebenezer. 193 Mary. 392 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 194 Abigail. V. 98 PAOLI HUSE or HEWES (Elihu, Abel(?), Abel), born in Boston, 14 Jan., 1769; died in Belfast, Me., 19 June, 1818, aged 80 (Bangor Historical Magazine, 11:120). He mar- ried 10 Dec, 1787, P Amelia Cottrel, daughter of Sylvester Cot- trel, of Islesboro. In 1791 he was constable, and in 1812 estab- lished salt works on what is known as Hewes Point. Later he removed to Belfast. Children, as given by Farrow: 19 195 Paoli, married 23 June, 1823, Mercy Barber of Deer Isle. 196 William, married (int. 27 Oct.) 1821, Lucy Coombs, daughter of Fields Coombs, born 12 April, 1803. Wil- liam was drowned in Belfast Harbor, 1 Oct., 1828, and his widow married 20 Nov., 1829, Capt. William Wey- man of Belfast and Nova Scotia. She, however, died in Islesboro. Children: William, born 7 Dec, 1823; died in Baltimore. Elbridge, drowned at sea ; married Syl- vina Thomas. 197 Thomas. 198 Joseph. 199 Peggy, married 12 Nov., 1812, John Brown. 200 Elbridge, married June, 1850. His children were: George W., born 25 Aug., 1851. Eleanor E., born 17 April, 1851. V. 100 JOHN DENNISON HUSE (Enoch, Abel(?), Abel, Abel), of Harvard, born 1759; died 6 Aug., 1810, aged 81. Will 12 Nov., 1839, proved Oct., 1840; names children as below. Married Dec, 1795, Rebecca Parker, daughter of Eleazer and Dinah Parker, of Groton, who died aged 101 years, 2 months and 12 days. She attended to all ordinary affairs un- til nearly a hundred years old (Nurse: "History of Harvard"). She claimed to be seven years older than her actual age, which was carefully investigated by Mr. Nurse. In 1870 administra- tion on tin estate of Rebecca Huse late of Harvard was granted iBThis record is found in Vol. -\ Bangor Historical Magazine, and in Far- row's History of Islesboro — who, however, do not mention a former Boston residence. DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 393 to Asa Daby. Inventory $379. Those interested as heirs were Eli D. Collins, Mary E. Collins, Charles H. Huse, Rebecca Ross, George Ross, Al Brown, Maria Brown, Enoch Huse, Stephen D. Huse (Worcester Probate). Children, as found by father's will: 201 Rebecca, born [ ] ; living 1869 ; married George Ross. 202 Enoch, living 1869. 203 John, born 14 Nov., 1797; living 1869. 204 Dennison, born 6 April, 1796; had children; in 1849, he was appointed guardian for his children, Roxana Maria, and Mary Elizabeth, both over 14, and Charles Warren Huse over 14. In 1851, the father having deceased, Stillman Houghton was appointed guardian in his stead (Worcester Probate). He married Mary Houghton. Their son Stephen D., born in Harvard, 2 July, 1823, married Almira, daughter of Jeremiah Hubbard, who died 22 Aug., 1881, aged 51. Stephen D. Huse was a currier, and served in the Union army. He died 12 Jan., 1902, aged 78-6-10. Child: Lizzie M, born 1 Feb., 1849 ; married John Colby and died 11 Jan., 1894 (Musgrove: " History of Bristol, N. H ")• 205 Charlotte, born 16 Oct., 1799 ; married Daniel M. Rob- bins. V. 101 STEPHEN HUSE (John, Stephen, Abel, Abel) of Methuen, born there 12 Dec, 1764 ; died 1803. Administration to widow Dorothy. He married (intention 8 Dec, 1792) Dolly Rideout of Wilton, N. H. (Methuen Vital records), who re- married, in 1804, John Sargent. He had the settlement of his father's estate, and his adminis- tratrix paid over to Nathaniel Huse what was due him, and also the balance due on the estate of Deacon John Huse. Children (from Methuen Vital Records) : 206 Sukey, born 14 Jan., 1797. Jonathan Morrill was ap- pointed in 1805 guardian of Susanna, aged 8, and Ste- phen, aged 6, children of Stephen Huse. 394 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 207 Stephen, born 30 April, 1799. 208 William, born 1 Feb., 1801 ; died 13 Oct., 1802. 116 ISAAC HUSE (Abel(?), Samuel Abel, Abel), born in Methuen, Mass., 16 Sept., 1757. Massachusetts Revolutionary Rolls show that he served 5^ days in Capt. James Mallon's company on the alarm of 19 April, 1775, and also 40 days with the Northern army from 2 Oct., 1777, in Capt. David Whittier's company, Major B. Gage's regiment; also that he enlisted 2 June, 1778, for nine months in the Conti- nental army, arriving at Fishkill 18 June, and was assigned to Col. Rufus Putnam's regiment. He is described as 20 years of age, 5 ft., 10 in. tall, and of Methuen. Isaac Huse was pensioned in 1833. His declaration on file states that he was born in Methuen in 1759, and that he enlisted in Dec, 1775, under Lt. Chandler of Andover, and in Jan- uary joined the army at Cambridge. He was attached to the 16th regiment " Bay Line," commanded by Col. Sargent and Lt.- Col. Michael Jackson, being in Capt. James Heath's company. With twenty others, he was detached from his command and sta- tioned at Cambridge making cartridges and running balls. This lasted during the winter and until the British evacuated Boston, when he was ordered to rejoin his regiment and inarched into Boston, where the regiment remained a few days, and was then ordered to Castle Island. After a few weeks the command was ordered into barracks at Bunker Hill and remained there until the first of June, when the regiment was ordered to New York and was stationed on the island near " Hurl Gate," where they remained until the British occupied the city, 13 Sept., 1776. That day they marched to Harlem Heights, and the next day had skirmishing and retired over King's Bridge to Valentine's Hill, and soon after Huse was detached under Sergeant Noyes to the Laboratory, where he remained two or three weeks, when the com- mand marched to White Plains and Huse was placed in charge of stores at Week's Liberty Pole during the battle. The com- mand retired to North Castle and remained there a short time in company with ("apt. Corey, superintendent of stores, and was then ordered to move, with all the Laboratory stores, to Fishkill, where they guarded stores until 14 Jan., 1777, and were there discharged by Capt. Corey, two hundred miles from home. DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 395 In Aug., 1777, he engaged in a company of volunteers under Capt. David Whittier, of which Elijah Sargent was ensign and Stephen Webster lieutenant, and marched to Bennington where they arrived soon after the battle. The company proceeded to Saratoga and joined Gates' army. They were ordered to Fort Edward, but remained there only a few days when they were called back to Saratoga and remained there until Burgoyne surren- dered. Helped guard the British army to Stillwater; thence marched to Cambridge, and after a service of three months was discharged. In 1778 upon call for men to fill vacancies in the Bay line, he volunteered and joined the army at West Point, being assigned to Col. Rufus Putnam's regiment and Capt. Good- ell's company. Remained at West Point until after the battle of Monmouth, and was then ordered to White Plains, and soon after Huse was transferred to Col. Weston's regiment, and soon after again transferred to Col. Henly's regiment and placed under " my old captain, James Keith," and moved to Phillips- burg, seven miles in advance of the main army. After five months of this service was dismissed from the Infantry service and re- turned to " our regiment " at Fishkill barracks and remained there, with Weston's regiment, until 17 March, 1779, when he was discharged. He returned home at his own expense. On the 27 April following his discharge from the army, he moved with his parents from Methuen to Derr} T field, N. H., and had resided there ever since. David How of Haverhill deposed in 1832, aged 75 years, that he enlisted 1 Jan., 1776, in James Keith's company, Col. Paul Dudley Sargent's regiment, Continental line, and was at Cam- bridge and vicinity until 13 August, when we marched through Norwich and New London to Horn's Hook, N. Y. They went from Norwich by water. How was in New York until the fall of 1776, when he marched to Trenton and was discharged there 1 Jan., 1777. Also that he enlisted in Sept., 1777, as sergeant in Whittier's company to guard Burgoyne's troops and served two and a half months, and that Isaac Huse, of Methuen, was a mem- ber of the same company, and afterward moved to Derryfield (now Manchester, N. H.). David Patten deposed that he was a member of Keith's com- pany in 1778 and 1779, and that Isaac Huse was also a member of that company. (Invalid Pension, 10,900.) 396 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE V. 131 SAMUEL HUSE (Samuel, Samuel, Abel, Abel), of Methuen, born 6 April, 1780; died 21 Dec, 1835; married 15 Oct., 1805, Olive Marston (Methuen Vital Records), who was living in 1837, a widow. He is styled "junior." Children, (From Methuen Vital Records) : 209 Marston, born 15 Aug., 1806; married July, 1837, Mary Ann Fowler. 210 Aldex, born 2 June, 1808; died 21 July, 1822. 211 Josl\h, born 2 Nov., 1810. 212 Samuel, born 2 Jan., 1816. 213 Clarissa Marstox, born 8 Jan., 1818. In 1836 she was the only child of her father living in Massachusetts. 21-i James Edric, born 12 Jan., 1824, living 1837. V. 147 MOODY HUSE (Joseph, Ebenezer, Thomas Abel), born in Weare, N. H., 20 Jan., 1784; married in 1810, Shua Philbrick. Children, from Little's " History of Weare ": 215 Hannah, born 11 July, 1811; died 30 Aug., 1839. 216 Olive P., born 3 Sept., 1812; married David Moore. 217 Sumner, born 8 Nov., 1813; died 27 June, 1838. 218 Mary, born 21 Sept., 1815; married Lewis Bartlett. 219 Moody, born 8 Oct., 1817; died 23 May, 1869; married Nancy V. Eatox, who died Oct., 1856; married, second, Adeline Eatox, who died 11 April, 1880. Child: Nancy V., born 1856, married George W. Follansbee. 220 Eleanor, born 28 Feb., 1819; died unmarried, 1851. 221 Orlando, born 22 April, 1819; married Rhoda A. Blanch- ard of Manchester. 222 Harvey, born 11 Sept., 1823; married Delia C. Lamprey of Concord, N. H. 223 Richard P., born 21 May, 1825; married Mary K. Stev- i.xs of Manchester. V. 150 WILLIAM HUSE (Joseph, Joseph, Thomas, Abel), of Newburyport, master-mariner, born 28 Nov., 1766; adminis- tration <>n his estate granted '51 Dec, 1816) to son William Huse, tobacconist, at request of widow Mary. He married 23 Nov., 1790, LYDIA Cross (Newburyport records), daughter of Ralph Cross. (Esses Deed-,. 157:192.) He married, second, Mary. DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE 397 Children, (From Newbury port Records) : 224 Joseph, Jr., died 10 Aug., 1793. 225 William, 3d., born 14 Aug., 1791 ; died 4 Aug., 1794. 226 William, born 1 March, 1795 ; administration on estate of William Huse of Newburyport, merchant, 27 Sept., 1825. Widow Mary. No child of age. 227 Thomas Cross, born 28 May, 1797; living 1816. 228 Caleb, born 24 June, 1799 ; died 1 Oct., 1800. 229 Caleb, born 15 June, 1801. 230 Lydia Cross, aged 13 in 1818, when her mother, Mary, was appointed her guardian. Perhaps others later. 169 SAMUEL HUSE (Samuel (?), Joseph, Thomas, Abel), of Newburyport; married Sally Toppan. Children, (From Newburyport Records) : 231 Sally Toppax. 232 Enoch, born 23 July, 1795. 233 Mary, born 2 April, 1797. 234 Samuel, born 15 Sept., 1798. JOHN HUSE (unplaced) of Haverhill. Will 20 Nov., 1838. He married Elizabeth Tenny, who survived her husband. Children, all living 1838 (births from Haverhill Vital Records) : 1 Samuel I., born 2 Oct., 1796. 2 Elizabeth Tenney, born 1 April, 1798. 3 John, born 8 May, 1800. 4 Sophia, born 26 Jan., 1802; married [ ] Johnson. 5 Elizabeth Smith, born 14 Aug., 1806; married [ ] Caldwell. 6 Sarah, born 3 May, 1811; married [ ] Palmer. 7 Mary Moody, born 2 Jan., 1815 ; married [ ] George. STEPHEN HUSE of Haverhill and Methuen (unplaced); married (intention 28 May, 1826) Charlotte Parker of An- dover (Methuen Vital Records). He was a physician. Children, (From Methuen Vital Records) : Charlotte Augusta, born 15 April, 1827. 898 DESCENDANTS OF ABEL HUSE Stephen Warwick, born 20 Feb., 1829. Helen Eliza, born 1 Nov., 1831 ; died 14 July, 1833. Willum Kirk, born 8 Aug., 1833. George Orville, born 2 June, 1835. Joseph Langdon, born 27 Jan., 1839; died 10 Sept., 1810. AARON HUSE (unplaced) ; married Anna, Nanny or Nancy. Children (From Newbury Records) : Nancy Pearson, born 22 Sept., 1806. Aaron, born 22 Sept., 1808 ; died 2 May, 1809. Aaron, of Aaron and Anna, died 22 May, 1817, aged 10 years. (Query if age at death can be right.) Daniel, born of Aaron and Nanny, died 2-1 Sept., 1831, aged 4< years. JOHN HUSE (unplaced), died at Windham, N. H., 10 Oct., 1819. He was married at Chester, 1769, by Rev. Mr. Fagg, to Mehitable Bussel, who in 1837 was 86 years of age. Mehitable, widow of John Hughes, was pensioned in 1838. She made application for a pension in 1837 when she was aged 86 years, stating that her husband had served as private, orderly sergeant, ensign and lieutenant ; as private at Winter Hill in sum- mer of 1775, and had fought at Bunker Hill, and as sergeant in Runnell's company at Peekskill in 1776 three months or more, and as ensign in the same company, and after the death of Lt. David McClary as lieutenant ; and that she was married at Ches- ter in 1769, and had had five children born before the Revolution. Her husband died at Windham, 10 Oct., 1819. Allen Anderson, aged 80, deposed he was at the battle of Ben- nington with Hughes. Robert Morrison, aged 83, gave the same testimony (Pension Claim, Widow, 14,962). New Hampshire Revolutionary Rolls show that John Huse was a member of Runnell's company, Tash's regiment, in New York in Sept., 1776, and that he was ensign same company, Col. Moses Nichols' regiment ; enlisted 20 July, 1777, promoted lieu- tenant 16 Aug., 1777. Roll dated 26 Sept., 1777. This regi- ment marched to reenforcc Spark's brigade. Children, five born prior to Revolution: Anna, third child (deposition of Abigail Mitchel in pension case). OTHER FAMILIES NOTES ON THE OCCURRENCE PRIOR TO 1800 OF THE NAME HEWES, HUSE, HUGHES IN THE UNITED STATES Borne by Persons Presumably Not Allied with the Families Described in the Preceding Pages; Including In- formation Obtained from Pension Records. MASSACHUSETTS. As we have seen, the chief persons of the name settled in or about Boston spelled their name Hewes, Hues or Huse, and were of three well defined groups. Mostly those persons whose genealogy is given in this chapter are described on the records and so described themselves, where we find them spelling their own name, as Hughes. This fact may not have significance regarding origin; it is a point, however, not to be overlooked. At the present time, and especially since the Irish migration set in, most of the persons arriving in New England bearing this name, spell it Hughes or Hughs. Reference to deeds and settlements of estates in the various land and probate registries, and to town records, court records, and other sources of information of date later than 1750, and in some instances earlier, will undoubtedly reveal additional data concerning these mis- cellaneous family groups. It was not the intention of the compiler of this work to trace the occurrence of the name in New England after the middle of the eighteenth century, except so far as necessary in completing the record of the descendants of Lieut. Joshua Hewes through the line of John Hewes of Lynnfield. The earliest mention of the name Hewes in connection with New England is found in the mention of a " Mr. Hewes," master of a fish- ing vessel in 1625, whose visit to New England is thus described by Rev. William Hubbard in his History of New England, written in 1680: " In one of the fishing voyages about the year 1625, under the charge and command of one Mr. Hewes, employed by some of the West Country merchants, there arose a sharp contest between the said Hewes and the people of New Plymouth, about a fishing stage, built the year before, about Cape Ann by Plymouth men, but was now, in the absence of the builders, made use of by Mr. Hewes, his company, 399 400 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS which the other under the conduct of Capt. Standish, very eagerly and peremptorily demanded: for the company of New Plymouth, having themselves obtained an useless patent for Cape Anne, about the year 1623, sent some of the ships which their adventurers em- ployed to transport passengers over to them, to make fish there, for which end they had built a stage there, in the year 1624. The dispute grew to be very hot, and high words passed between them, which might have ended in blows, if not in blood and slaughter, had not the pru- dence and consideration of Mr. Roger Conant, at that time there present, and Mr. Peirse his interposition, that lay just by with his ship, timely prevented. For Mr. Hewes had barricaded his company with hogsheads on the stagehead, while the demandants stood upon the land, and might easily have been cut off; but the ship's crew by advice promising them to help them build another, the difference was thereby ended. Capt. Standish had been bred a soldier in the Low Countries . . . a little chimney is soon fired; so was the Plymouth captain, a man of very little stature, yet of a very hot and angry temper." Gov. Bradford in his " History of Plymouth Plantation " writes of this incident: " Some of Ly fords and Oldhams friends, and their adherents, set out a ship on fishing, on their owne accounte, and getting ye start of ye ships that came to the plantation, they tooke away their stage, & other necessary provisions they had made for fishing at Cap-Anne ye year before, at their great charge, and would not restore ye same, excepte they would fight for it . . . but they made so pore a bussines of their fishing, (neither could these men make them any returns for ye supply sente,) so as, after this year, they never looked more after." Bradford here refers to the abandoning of the few settlers at Cape Ann by their principals at home. This would lead us to infer that " Mr. Hewes " was engaged by the old Dorchester company. He probably had no further connection with New England. Essex County At Salem the first of the name was ARTHUR HEWES, of whom more will be found under Maine. His residence in Salem was brief, during the Indian troubles beginning in 1675. JOHN HUGHES, who probably was a young man living in a Saleml Village family, appears during the Witchcraft excitement in 1692. His testimony shows he had a highly strung imagination, and that he was thoroughly scared on the occasion of his experience. 1 He disap- pears from view without further record. i John Hughes 5 March, lfi!)l-2, signed a deposition made by William Allen to tlie following effect: that on 1 March at night he heard a strange • OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 401 JOHN HUGHES of Salem was married 31 July, 1773, to Mehetable Henderson. No children appear to them on the town records. In November, 1797, the Supreme Court at Essex term, con- sidered the case of John Hewes and wife appellants vs. William Luscomb. Mehetable, the wife of John Hewes, was apparently suing for the setting off of a dower, and the validity of a deed was in ques- tion. Probably he was the Revolutionary soldier. John Hews, called of Salem, a member of Hart's company, Sargent's regiment, enlisted 27 May, 1775, and in October was a member of Wiley's company same reg- iment (28th) and on the rolls of the same company 13 Dec, 1775. (Mass. Rev. Rolls.) John, son of John Hughs, was bapt. 16 Oct., 1774. John Huse, married 25 June, 1838, Mrs. Eliza Pepper (Salem Town Records). CHRISTOPHER HEWS, of Salem, quarter-master on ship Rhodes, Capt. N. Buffington, 14 Aug., 1780, 40 years old, 5 feet, 6 inches tall, light complexion, and a resident of Salem (Mass. Rev. Rolls). In 1781 Christopher Hewes was assessed a total tax of .£1-41-10, in Salem. JOHN HUGHES, enlisted for the credit of Beverly 7 Sept., 1781, for three years (Mass. Rev. Rolls). At Marblehead a SARAH HUGHS was married 24 Nov., 1715, to Moses Phillips. There is no indication to what family she belonged. JAMES HEWS married 10 July, 1768, Susanna Nicholson (Vital Records). As in the census of 1790 Susanna Hughes was enumerated as the head of her family, which consisted of one other female besides herself, it is probable that James left no issue male. Probably he was a fisherman or mariner. noise not usually heard and so continued for many times so that he was affrighted, and coming nearer to it he there saw a strange and unusual beast lying on the ground, so that going up to it the said beast vanished away, and in the said place started up two or three women but swiftly vanished away out of our sight, which women we took to be Sarah Good, Sarah Osburne, and Tittabe. The time was about an hour within night, and I, John Hughes, saith ye same being in company with said Allen. John Hughes further saith, that on 2d March, coming from Goodman Sibley's about 8 at night, saw a great white dog, and when Hughes came up it would not stir, but after he passed followed him four or five poles, and so disappeared. The same night being in bed in a closed room, with the door so that no cat or dog could enter, saw a great light in the chamber, and rising in bed, saw a large grey cat at the bed foot (Witchcraft Papers, Salem Court House). This testimony was part of that which brought Sarah Osburne to the gallows. Like the mysterious dog and strange beast, John vanished away too, for no trace is found of him later. He was probably some lad, fright- ened by fireside tales, whose imagination did the rest. 402 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS At Newbury was the Huse family, the first few generations of which are given elsewhere, and who seem to have had no difficulty in adhering to the chosen spelling of their name. This is the family so well known throughout northern Essex. Representatives are found early in 1700 in the middle and central parts of the state and in southern New Hampshire. EDWARD HUSE was certified by James Stevens to be in full communion with the church at Gloucester, May, 1690, and was ad- mitted freeman of Massachusetts 16 May (Archives, 35:350). Per- haps he had been of Plymouth, son of Thomas. There is no further record of him at Gloucester; but Mary Piper at the December, 1699, term of the Essex Court of Sessions claimed that a certain Edward Hewes was the father of her child. PAUL HUGHES, " sojourner " at Gloucester, married there 30 Nov., 1749, Sarah Foster of that place, and had a son James, born 1754. Administration was granted on the estate of Paul Hughes, 26 April,' 1774. The administratrix repre- sented the estate as insolvent (Essex Probate). JOHN HEWS, or as frequently spelled Huse, settled in Gloucester soon after 1700. Ac- cording to his own statement he was born in 1685 in Wales, and at the age of seventeen was drafted to serve on a ship of war, and thus became a sailor in the expedition of Sir George Rooke against Cadiz, and in the capture of the Spanish galleons at Vigo. Some time after this he was transported to Virginia for crime; after his time expired sailed on a trading schooner bound for Gloucester. He served in the expedition against Louisburg in 1745, and in that of 1758, at the latter date 73 years of age. He died August, 1793, in Gloucester at the extraordinary age of 108. He was a very profane man, but longed for death. He was accustomed to say God had forgotten him, so he attempted suicide in or about 1 790, but the toughness of the skin of his neck turned the edge of the razor. He finally resorted to starvation and in 30 days was dead. So runs the story, believe so much of it as we will. He married 10 Oct., 1735, Hannah Bray, who died before 22 Feb., 1763, when her coffin was paid for by the town. She was the daughter of Nathaniel Bray, and was born 20 April, 1693 (Essex Antiq.). He married (2) 10 Oct., 1763, Eunice Allen, aged 36, and by her he had a son, John, who Was a Revolutionary soldier, and a mariner, and who died in the poor-house IS May, 1849. Eunice died 14 Dec, 1806, aged 80. The son John was baptized 1 Sept., 176.'). and was 84 at death, not 95 years as recorded. Probably his father was by no means as aged as the record represents, and his tale of his early life may OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 403 have been a sailor's yarn. (See Babson's " History of Gloucester, and Additions 2," p. 109.) WILLIAM HE WES or HEWGES, who was probably of the early Baptists, against whom a law was enacted in November, 1614, was early at Lynn. William sold cattle at New Meadows (Topsfield) at the farm where the said William now lives, 13 August, 1643, to Richard Barker of Chuichichock (Andover), among the witnesses was John Hughes (Essex Court Files, 6:15), and in 1645 he was sued by Wm. Paine. 2 As William Huse he sued and obtained judgment of £5 against John Cogswell of Ipswich in 1647 (Ipswich Court Records). Perhaps he had been in Ipswich before settling in Lynn. In July, 1644, William Hewes and John Hewes, his son, were presented at the Salem Quarterly Court " for deriding such as sing in the congrega- tion, tearming them fooles, also William Hewes for saying Mr. Whiting preaches confusedly; also John Hewes for charging Mr. Cobbitt with falseness in his doctrine." William claimed he was mis- quoted, and that the witness was of known unreliability. They were each fined fifty shillings, and ordered to make a public confession at Lynn at a public meeting, " which according to it the Cort will con- sider of their fines." The use of the old fashioned H, which much resembles an L, in the writing of that time has caused suspicion that some references to the name Hewes may have been from time to time printed under Lewis. So evident was this, that in the Plymouth Colony Records, printed by the state, a reference in the index refers the searchers to Lewis. No one acquainted with the writing of that day would be led to read Hewes as Lewis. On the 2 mo., 1648, he was again in trouble, this time for not contributing toward the maintenance of the ministry (Essex Court Files). His wife was Parnell, who was fined for selling strong waters without a license, and had her fine remitted 15 October, 1650, and the next day was pardoned for her offense, " whereby one was distempered " (Records of the General Court and Assistants). In an account filed against Mr. Robert Gibbs in January, 1667, by one, not named, who had acted as his attorney from July, 1659, the first entry is for " letters of administration about John Andrews and (William ? ) Hewes estate. Inventory recorded and affidavits 7 shil- lings." The reading is obscure, but it is thought the name in brackets is William, and the name following Hewes. If so, as Gibbs was much concerned in trade, it is probable that Hewes had died prior to 1659. 2 See Essex Antiquarian, Vol. 5, p. 91, 88, and 28. 404 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS But if administration was taken out, no record has been found. In the same account is an item concerning Lt. Joshua Hues, but of much later date (Suffolk Files, 835). No further notice is found of this family, possibly they had removed out of the jurisdiction, perhaps to Long Island. SAMUEL T. HUSE, of Lynn; intention of marriage 16 Nov., 1823, at Lynn, to Anna L. No yes. Children, from Lynn Vital Records: William Henry, died 21 Aug., 1825. Ann Eliza, born 1 Aug., 1825. Samuel Augustus, born 28 July, 1827. William Henry, born 5 Nov., 1829; died 2 Aug., 1830. Mary Frances, born 22 Nov., 1831. Infant child, buried 10 Oct., 1839. MARY ANN HEWES and Miles Blanchard were married at Lynn, 22 Nov., 1837 (Lynn Vital Records). Middlesex County GEORGE HUSE was married to Lydia Bennett 3-5th Month, 1679 (County Records, "Concord" — also see Lancaster Records printed by Nourse). He is probably that Gorge Hughs who died at Sudbury, 20 Feb., 1711-12 (Sudbury Vital Records). See also under George Hewes, who served in the Falls Fight under Turner 18 May, 1676, who however is said to have been of Springfield. According to a petition from Lancaster to the governor, for protection against the Indians, presented Oct., 1704, the Indians had beset that town on the 31 July, and many inhabitants had lost cattle, among others George Heewes, who lost two oxen and two cows (Archives, 113:363). ROBERT HUGHES was taxed in Stow, for one person, 1 shilling 8 pence. See return dated 28 August, 1688 (Register, 32:81). Mid- dlesex probate and deeds, and the early Court records throw no light upon the above. For Mary Hewes, spinster, and widow, of Charlestown in 1697, see under Suffolk County, as her husband was of Boston. For John Hughes of Groton, see under John Hughes of Plaistow, N. H. OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 405 JOHN HEWES, of Lexington, first appears in Watertown, where he married 9 March, 1676-7, Ruth Sawtell, sister to John " Satle " of Cambridge (Midd. Deeds, 15:575). Bond, in History of Water- town, states that he was a proprietor there in 1642, evidently an error, as the printed records fail to mention him. John Hewes or Hues, as his name more frequently appears, was a weaver. On 6 Feb., 1679-80, he bought 15 acres in Cambridge, which he sold to John Sterns, 15 April, 1686. It then had a house upon it. He received from Sterns a tract of land embracing 25 acres, which appears to be the same land conveyed by Hewes 9 April, 1713, to William Reed, gentleman, when it had upon it two dwellings, the consideration being ,£171 New England money (Deeds, 7:364; 10:620; 16:403). In the meantime he had purchased part of Oakes' farm in Billerica, which he sold in two lots (Deeds, 18:475; 22:306). On the 30 April, 1719, he bought of Cambridge 110 acres, part of the Church farm, and this he immediately deeded, from love and affection, to his daughter Elizabeth, 19 Nov., 1719 (Deeds, 21:403). The wife Ruth was living in 1713, but had apparently deceased before the gift of the farm to Elizabeth. Since 1686 he certainly had lived in what is now Lexington. He made his will 31 Jan., 1721, which was proved by the daughter Elizabeth 29 Jan., 1721-2. By it he bequeathed to his son Jonathan 20 shillings, he having had his portion, and the rest of his estate to his daughter Elizabeth Hews, whom he makes executrix (Midd. Probate, 16:351). The testator died 15 Dec., 1721 (Lexington Vital Records). Children : John, born 15 Feb., 1677-8; d. y. Jonathan, of whom below. Samuel, born 27 Oct., 1679; died April, 1680. Elizabeth, born 27 Jan., 1680-1 ; bapt., with Jonathan, at Cambridge Farms, 10 Sept., 1699; of Lexington 1722, un- married. " Eliner Hewes," single woman, belonging to Lexington, who came thence into Boston, 13 days before, was warned to depart from Boston, 14 Jan., 1717-8 (Se- lectmen's Records). JONATHAN HEWES (John), of Lexington, married at Water- town, 25 March, 1709 (Town Records), Elizabeth Underwood, "both of Cambridge." The Lexington records contain the entry of death of [ ]eth Hews, 12 Jan., 1720. Probably she was the wife of Jonathan. 406 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS Children : Jonathan, bapt. 20 June, 1710. Elizabeth, bapt. 23 Sept., 1711. Edmond, born 16, bapt. 21 Sept., 1712 (Lexington Vital Records). JOHN HEWES was published 18 July, 1737, to Jean Tallbut, 3 ■who was born 16 March, 1716-17, in Boston, daughter of Roger and Hannah Talbot, of Boston. On the 16 Sept., 1743, John and Jane Hughes mortgaged premises near the Mill Pond, recently purchased of Samuel Bass, to James Smith, who, after the death of her husband attached the property of Jane Hughes widow, 23 Dec, 1745, and sold the premises. (Suffolk Deeds, 72: 198.) Children, baptized at King's Chapel: Ann, baptized 2 Feb., 1738. Hannah, baptized 15 Oct., 1740. A Hannah Hewes married Samuel Robbins, 4 Oct., 1759, in Boston. Abraham, baptized 21 Oct., 1741. ABRAHAM HEWS (John), of Weston, born " 20 Nov., 1741," died 7 May, 1818 (Geneal. Memoirs Midd., I, 242), 4 was called son of John Hews, late of Boston, deceased, 26 Feb., 1759, when James Coolidge of Watertown was appointed his guardian. Abraham Hews was then aged 18 years (Middlesex Pro- bate, 37; 318). He married in Watertown, 10 Jan., 1766, Lucy Jennison, daughter of Samuel and Abigail (Holden) Jennison, and in 1768 settled in Waltham (Middlesex Sessions-Warnings). He was sergeant in Capt. Lamson's company, which responded to the alarm of 19 April, 1775, and was credited with three days' service (Mass. Rev. Rolls). In 1783 he is called a potter. Abraham Hews of Weston, yeoman, made his will 14 Feb., 1818, proved 23 June following. To his wife all his estate for her life. Sons Charles and John have had their portions. Son Abraham, executor, who was to pay legacies of $90 each to his sisters, viz: Lucy, wife of Aaron Whittmore; Sally Hews, Anna Hews, Betsy, wife of John Taylor; Mary, wife of John Farwell; Sukey Hews, Nabby, wife of Solomon Hancock; residue was to be divided after the mother's death, among the children, except 3 Boston Marriage Intentions, 3: 179, quoted by Mrs. Underbill in "Gene- alogy of Edward Small," p. 1510, in an account of this family. 4 This publication gives an account of the descendants of Abraham, but without evidence, and against such evidence as we have, assumes that Abra- ham was a descendant of John Hewes of Scituate, through John Hewes of Lexington. OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 407 Charles, John, and Nabby (Midd. Probate, 130; 418). In the Census of 1790, there were two males over and three males under 16, and five females in his family. His widow died 5 Oct., 1830, aged 84 years. Children : Abraham, born 30 May, 1766. Lucy, born 3 July, 1768; married 22 Nov., 1789, Isaac San- derson, according to Bond, who also gives Sanderson a second wife in 1801; but according to the father's will Lucy was living 1818 as wife of Aaron Whittemore. Sarah, born 6 Aug., 1770. Anna, born 28 March, 1772. Elizabeth, born 1 Feb., 1774; married John Taylor. Mary, born 8 March, 1776; married John Farwell. Sukey, born 1784; died unmarried 9 Jan.,, 1857, aet. 73 years. Nabby; married Solomon Hancock. Charles, bapt. 13 Sept., 1778, aet. 3 weeks; married Alice Harrington. John, 5 born 30 July, 1786; died in Cambridge 17 Mar., 1870; married 31 Jan., 1811, Catherine Cochran, daughter of Samuel Wellington of Watham, and had Catherine, born 17 Dec, 1812, who married Chas. W. Moore; Emily, who mar- ried Joshua Atkins; Augustus Henry, a jeweller in Boston, died 1904; Ellen Maria of Cambridge; also Smith Welling- ton, aged 9 months, son of John Hewes, died in Boston 29 Nov., 1834, and was buried in Waltham (Boston Records). Franklin, son of John Hewes, died at Boston 29 Nov., 1836, aged 5 years, 4 months; buried at Waltham. ABRAHAM HEWS (Abraham), of Weston, born 30 May, 1766, died 15 July, 1854, in Weston; published 30 May, 1794, to Martha Griffin of East Sudbury. She died 1 Jan., 1857, aet. about 82 years. Children : Samuel, born 9 Jan., 1795; married, 1817, Martha Pierce. Children : George, born 10 July, 1827- Samuel C, born Aug., 1830; died 1833. Henry A., born 20 Jan., 1838. Abraham, born 13 Feb., 1797: of Boston, merchant; married 27 Nov., 1822, Mary Symms of Newton. Mary Shipley s Probably lived in Boston. A male child of John Hews died there, 2 March, 18.24, aged 14 days. John, son of John Hews, was drowned 16 April, 1822, aged three years, buried in Waltham (Boston records). 408 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS Hewes, daughter of Abraham Hewes, Jr., died aged 2 years, 2 months, 25 May, 1832 (Boston records). Marshall, born 24 Feb., 1799; had wife, Miranda. Children : Mary Frances, born 28 Jan.; died 2 Oct., 1827. Marshall, born 5 Nov., 1828. Martha, born 13 Jan., 1801. Mary, born 8 Nov., 1802. Sophronia, born 1 June, 1804. George, born 6 Jan., 1806 Celinda, born 24 May, 1807- Horatio, born 9 Jan., 1810. Abigail Mirick, born 13 March, 1813; died 2 Feb., 1814. Horace, born 15 Dec, 1815. Susanna, born 1 March, 1818. JAMES HEWS died 28 July, 1788, in his twenty-fourth year (gravestone at Reading). RICHARD HUGHES marched with Capt. Ford's company from Chelmsford to Ticonderoga, 25 July, 1776, and was discharged at Albany 1 Jan., 1777- Either he or another unplaced Richard engaged for Swanzey and was assigned to Col. William Lee's regiment and was in the service at some period between January and March, 1778 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). THOMAS HEWS, ancestry unknown, died in Dunstable, and ad- ministration of his estate was granted to his widow Abigail, who de- clined to serve, 29 Sept., 1829 (Middlesex Probate, 112:110). THOMAS HE WES of Medford, merchant, in 1800 sold land in Worcester county (Deeds, 140: 29). This he had taken under fore- closure in 1799, when he was styled of Boston (Ibid., 135: 475). Suffolk County SAMUEL HE WES of Boston, mariner, in 1737 sold lands in Nar- ragansett township No. 5. See also under Suffolk county. JAMES HEWES, or Hughes, of Boston and Gloucester, aged 44 in 1680, born therefore about 1636, is probably that James Hewes who was buried at Boston 8 August, 1718 (Sexton's bill). His wife was OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 409 Elizabeth, as we learn from the record of births of their children on both Boston and Gloucester records. They lived in Boston in 1669, then in Gloucester, and again in Boston. He is perhaps that James Hewes or Hughes who was doing garrison duty at Marlboro in Feb- ruary, 1675-6, and served under Major Savage from February to May, 1676. He was credited 24 June, 1676, with £2-2-0 for his wages (Bodge; King Philip's War). In 1690 in September, and undoubt- edly in August, he was in service in Canada from Boston (Boston treasurer's accounts). On the 31 Oct., 1679, James Hughes of Bos- ton, a prisoner for debt, petitions for relief (Archives, 39: 64-6). Suffolk files, 1824, is a petition from John Mann in behalf of James Hughes, who was delivered to him to become a servant, on an execu- tion according to law, and said Hughes had testified he was not worth <£5. Since that time, Thomas Hill, by a later execution, had secured Hughes in prison, to the damage of the petitioner by want of the improvement of the said Hughes, and the latter's family was in con- sequence reduced to a very mean and poor condition and likely to be chargeable to the town. Hill refused to pay the prison fees, hence Mann asked that Hughes be set at liberty, in order that he might work, pay his just debts, and support his family. Dated Boston, 24 Feb., 1679 (1679-80). He was released, and 28 Jan., 1680-1, he deposed in the suit of Roger Rose vs. Timothy Yeales (Suffolk Files, 1953) that he was aged 44 years, and that Rose had besought him to build a house, to which he had replied that the season was not fit, " but if hee would let it to me by the great, I would do it, which we did agree upon." The agreement between Rose and James " Hews " is of record. Hews was to build a house 24 feet by 18 feet, and 12 feet stud, one floor of joist, and to raise it and be done before middle of April next, receiving therefor £3-15-0. The contract was dated 13 Jan., 1680. The account book of the town treasurer has several entries of small amounts paid to James Hughes, Goody Hughes, and wife of James Hughes in 1690; that dated 12 Sept., being "paid" James Hughes' wife for her husband at Canada 11 shillings. In January his children were sick of a fever, and he received town aid. On the 20 Nov., James Hughes, Jr., was paid 6 shillings. In 1713 the wife of James Hewes agreed to care for Hannah Phillips, a town charge, who is de- scribed as "formerly Leager, aet. 69" (Selectman's records). From this record we learn the vicissitudes of one of the humbler inhabitants of a colonial town. Like many poor men, he raised a large family. Children; from Gloucester, Salem, and Boston records: James, born in Boston, 7 Feb., 1668-9. He is probably the James Hewes of Roxbury, who married at Boston, 1 2 Dec, 410 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 1692, Bethia, daughter of Thomas Sweetman of Cam- bridge, where she was baptized 7 July, 1661 (Cambridge Church Records). Their son James was born August, 1694. The marriage intention of Bethia Hughs of Bos- ton and Richard Jenkins of Great Britain, published 30 July, 1713, was forbid by Nathaniel Dew (Boston mar- riage records). Probably she was the widow of James Hughs, Jr. Elizabeth, born at Gloucester, 28; 7 mo., 1670. Jonathan, born at Gloucester, 25-8 mo., 1672; died 1689 (Gloucester). John, born at Boston, 25 Aug., 1674; of whom below. Rachel, born at Boston, 1 Nov., 1677; probably the Rachel who died at Gloucester in 1689. Isaac, born 20 June, 1680; bapt. at First Church, Boston, 1680, as son of James. Rebecca, born 14 Oct., 1682. Jacob, born 23 Feb., 1683-4. Sarah, born 16 July, 1686. A Sarah Hughes was baptized at First Church 8 July, 1688. Joseph, born 7 Jan., 1688-9. JOHN HUGHES, of Boston, housewright (Common Pleas, 1702), was probably son of James above. He was admitted to the First Church 26 Jan., 1700-1. He married 15 Sept., 1698, Deliverance Pollard (Boston records), who was admitted to the First Church 27 March, 1709. John Hughes, housewright, bought of Damaris Three- needle, widow, executrix of Bartholomew Threeneedle, land near the Mill Pond and Bowling Green, 12 Dec, 1704 (Suffolk Deeds, 22:77), which he mortgaged, his wife Deliverance joining, to Jane, widow of Arthur Kind, 18 March, 1705-6 {Ibid., 24, 81). On the 19 March, 1704-5, he received permission to erect a timber dwelling-house 42 feet by 18 feet, 17 feet stud, on a vacant piece of pasture on the southeast side of the Bowling Green, one end to the street (Council Records). Deliverance Hughes was approved of by the Selectmen, as an inn- keeper, to sell strong drink, 8 July, 1723 (Selectmen's Records). A gravestone in the Granary Burying Ground, records that " Here lies ye body of John Hews, aged about 35 years, died 31 Oct., 1711." Children of John and Deliverance, from Boston Records: Elizabeth, born 19 March, 1701; bapt. First Church, 21 Dec, 1702. OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 411 John, born 9 March, 1703; bapt. 12 March, 1703-4. Hannah, born 18 July, 1706; bapt. 21 July, 1706. "A child of Deliverance Hewes, buried 11 Dec, 1712 (Sexton's bill). JAMES HEWES of Boston, mariner, owned land near the Mill Pond prior to and in 1733, which he mortgaged 28 August, 1729, for ,£350 to Daniel Johonnot, distiller, and which bounded southeast on Union Street. Wife Deborah released dower (Suffolk Deeds, 43: 264)/. A suit was brought in 1733 by Johonnot to recover the premises, described as facing southeast on Drink Alley, and consisting of house, shop, etc. (Court Common Pleas). James and his wife Deborah unite in mortgaging to several creditors, to whom he owes <£385, his land and housing near the Mill Pond, bounding southwest on Union Street, 3 July, 1733 (Ibid., 47:231). The wife Deborah, who was Deborah Neale, and whom he married 5 Oct., 1721 (Boston Records), died aged 25 years, 30 July, 1733 (Boston Dleaths). James Hewes, a pensioner of the church, aged 76, was buried from King's Chapel, 8 Dec, 1758 (Church Records). Whether the pen- sioner was a mariner, there is no evidence to determine, but the own- ership of land near the Mill Pond suggests that the husband of Deb- orah may have been a descendant of John, the housewright. James and Deborah had no children of record. JAMES HEWES of Boston; married, 6 May, 1767, Ann Williams (New North Church Records). Children: James, bapt. 14 Jan., 1769 (Christ Church). Ann, bapt. 22 July, 1770 (New North Church). JAMES HUGHES, by wife Susanna, had daughter Lucy; bapt. 7 Oct., 1784 (Christ Church). On 6 June, 1775, there was an exchange of prisoners between the Continental and British armies at Boston. The British surrendered among others James Hewes of Boston. See Essex Gazette of June, 1775, quoted by Livingstone in "Israel Putnam," p. 207. A James Hughes was a matross, enlisted for Boston, and marched to join the Continental Army 1 July, 1780. He was 57 years of age, 5 ft., 4 in. in height, and was credited to Ward I. He was discharged 5 Dec, 1780 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). JOHN HEWES, late of Charlestown, of Boston, mariner, 1720, is 412 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS mentioned in Wyman's Charlestown Estates. Mary Smith of Charles- town married a Hewes prior to 1697, when she deeds to Daniel Smith part of a house in Wapping Street. She is described as " spinster " in 1702-3, indicating she was then a widow, dependent on herself. In 1707, as "widow," joins with other Smith heirs. She was main- tained by the town in 1734, and died about 1742 (Wyman). Whether she had any connection with the John Hews with which the paragraph opens is problematical. JOHN HEWES of Boston, by wife Mary, had Charles, born 26 Feb., 1685, concerning whom there is no further trace. In Massachu- setts Archives 69:82, is an account of "Work done for the soldiers by order of Capt. Poole and Commissary Coleman of Hatfield, Dec. 10, 1675, by Jacob Gardner." Among the items, are "John Hues, a pair of shoes, 8 shillings." Among the First Church baptisms, occur Mary and Ann, of " sister Mary Hewes," baptized 20-6mo., 1671. JOHN HUGHES, by wife Mary, had the following children, all baptized at Christ Church, Boston : Mary, bapt. 19 Nov., 1727. Elizabeth, bapt. 25 Jan., 1729. Ann, bapt. 29 Feb., 1731. Perhaps this same John is the John Hewes who married 25 Aug., 1737, Elizabeth Harris (Boston Records). JOHN HUGHES of Boston, also described as Hews, butcher and victualler, sustained several suits by Springfield and Northampton parties for debt in 1741-2. JOHN HUGHS of Dedham, yeoman, is a party to a case in 1757, in Hampshire Court Common Pleas (Vols. 4 and 5). He seems to have gotten into debt, and failed to meet the judgments secured against him. There are many cases in which he appears either as plaintiff or defendant in Suffolk Court of Common Pleas from 1738 to 1743. JOHN HUGHES married Rosanna Baker 14 April, 1768 (New North Church Records). Children : Rosannah Hughes, bapt. 22 Oct., 1769 (2nd Church Records), John, "of John Hughes," bapt. 30 June, 1771 (2nd Church Records). OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 413 JOHN HUGHES of Boston, cordwainer, died in 1783, leaving a widow and three small children. Administration was granted to Levi Hearsey of Boston, cordwainer, who presented an inventory consisting chiefly of household furniture, and on 14 Dec, 1784, he filed a receipt of £6-13-7 salvage from " out of the vessel which ran on shore." Pos- sibly the family were new arrivals in 1783 (Suffolk Probate, Vols. 83 and 92). JESSE HUGHES enlisted 31 Dec, 1776, for three years, and served as matross in Capt. Pierce's company, Crane's regiment of artillery. In Sept., 1778, his company was at Providence, but he was sick in Virginia. He rejoined his command in or before December. In February he was carried on the rolls as a wagoner, and is on the company roll as late as March, 1779 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). See under John Hughes of Plaistow, N. H. JOHN HUGHES enlisted in the same command 20 Dec, 1776, and was sergeant in Stoddard's company 8 May to 8 July, 1777- He was a matross in Pierce's company in Sept., 1778, when he was reported sick in Virginia, as also in March, 1779 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). Another John Hughes was one of the recruits raised in Suffolk county in Feb., 1779, and assigned to Knapp's company, Sheppard's regiment (Mass. Rev. Rolls). JOHN HEWES engaged for Boston 24 March, 1781, for the Con- tinental service (Mass. Rev. Rolls). JOHN HUGHES from New Ross, County Wexford, Ireland, died in Boston prior to 1760 (Probate, 60:452). The minister and church wardens of parish of St. Mary, New Ross, certify, 15 April, 1763, that Benjamin Hughes of Ballylane, farmer, is a brother to James Hughes, late of Boston, that they were sons of John, and that the family was well known in that neighborhood (Suff. Deeds, 108:153). Little is known of John Hughes. When his son James made his will in 1749, the father was living at his house, and evidently inca- pable of providing for himself, for some provision was made for his care, and in the account of the executors of the will of James, the fol- lowing items appear: Paid John Scottow for coffin for deceased father <£l- 4- Paid keeper of the almshouse for his board 2-13-4 Paid for gloves at his funeral 15-11$ Paid Nathaniel Band for carrying corpse and tolling bell. . 18-0 414 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS The executors' account showing <£l04 expended for the maintenance of the said John Hughes, was allowed. Children : Benjamin, a farmer, living in Ballylane, County Wexford, Ire- land, who is mentioned in his brother James' will and who eventually sold the property in Distill House Square, by William Dawes, attorney, to Francis Wells of Boston (Suff. Deeds, 109:56, 110:22, also 108:153), 25 March, 1766. Henry, who lived in County Wexford, Ireland, in 1749, named in his brother James' will, and who was father of Joseph Hughes of Boston. On the 5 April, 1754, Joseph Hughes, a minor, upwards of 20 years, son of Henry Hughes, late of Ross, County Wexford, chooses as his guardian, Daniel Sigourney of Boston (Probate, 49:227). He was appren- ticed prior to 1749 at his own choice to learn the trade of a housewright, and was to inherit one-half of his uncle's estate. Execution was levied on his estate, the Distill Square property, by his uncle Benjamin (108:53). James of Boston, distiller, disallowed 1730 as a retailer in Mid- dle Street, married in Boston, 19 August, 1731, Jane or Jennet Douglas, sister of James Douglas of Boston (Bos- ton Records). He purchased property in Union Street, prior to 1730, and later (1741) was established with Samuel Sloan in the distilling business, with plant in Distill House Square. In 1733 he bought land in Londonderry, N. H. (N. H. Deeds, 21:129), and in the deed of conveyance is described as brewer, but in 1735 he makes his third pur- chase there, 6 and is described as " husbandman, of Lon- donderry." On the 23 Dec, 1735, he and wife Jennet, both of Londonderry, sell land there, and in 1745, as of Boston, distiller, with wife Jennet, sells other land there to Patrick Douglas of Londonderry (N. H. Deeds, 32; 324). The will of James Hughes of Boston, distiller, is dated 13 Oct., 1749, and was proved 28 Aug., 1751. After be- quest to " ancient father John Hughes " then of his house- hold, he gives to wife Jennet one-half his estate, and to nephew, Joseph Hughes, " whom I have put apprentice by his own choice to a housewright in Boston," the other half, the said Joseph paying his uncle, Benjamin Hughes, of o From Patrick Douglas of Londonderry, whose wife Mary assigns her dower. OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 415 New Ross, County Wexford, Ireland, £60, one year after he comes of age, and to give my father a decent funeral. In case of decease of said Joseph, under age, then his share is left to the testator's two brothers, Henry and Benjamin Hughes, " now in Ireland." If his brother-in-law, James Douglas, wishes to hire the half of the distill houses given to Joseph, during the latter's minority, he is to have prefer- ence. Robert Duncan, merchant, Daniel Sigourney and Samuel Sloan, distillers, are appointed executors (SufF. Probate, 45:306). The inventory of his estate disclosed £1498-1-1, the chief items being mansion house, £266; still house and land, £632; negro, £30; 4291 gallons molasses at 1 shilling, 5 pence, £304; 750 gallons rum at one shil- ling, eight pence, £62-10. House furnishings, £185. The widow Jennet died prior to 15 April, 1752, when an inven- tory of her estate was presented (Ibid., 46:189), and Arch- ibald Douglas was one of her heirs. In the final account of the executors the judge found that £156 remained in their hands, of which the income of the same for 1762 had been paid, one-half to the heirs of Jennet, and one-half to the nephew Joseph Hughes (Ibid., 60:452). MARTIN HUGHES (Hewes) came into Boston with wife and one child and £200, and asked liberty to set up as a printer of linens. He failed to find sureties, and found keeping a " disorderly " 7 house was, in 1736, warned to depart. He was still in town in 1738, and again re- ceived warning to depart with his wife and children (Town Records). In May, 1739, he was " warned " from Sudbury, having come from Concord 18 Sept., 1738 (Middlesex Sessions). His family consisted of self, wife Mary, and children Henry and Catherine. Children of Martin and Mary : Henry, born prior to 1737. Catherine, baptized at Christ Church 12 Nov., 1737- MORRIS HEWES of Boston, married 8 Nov., 1715, Jane Rogers, and died soon, but not until after 28 July, 1718, when the Court of General Sessions discharged him of his recognizance. His widow as Jean Hewes joined with Sarah Rogers, relict and widow and execu- trix of the will of Gamaliel Rogers, of Boston, housewright, Abraham Rogers, Lydia Rogers, spinster, children of Gamaliel Rogers, in deed- 7 This term did not then have the same meaning as now. 416 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS ing to Simon Rogers of Boston, cooper, all their right in the mansion house bounded northerly by land lately Capt. Fayrweather's, 15 March, 1719 (Suffolk Deeds, 34:209). It is an odd circumstance that widow Elizabeth Hewes bequeathed a house near the Old South, occupied by a Gamaliel Rogers, and that Fayrweather had married a Mary Hewes, yet there appears no connection between any of these parties. Morris Hewes or Hughs was a plasterer, and in 1715 sued John Bromsall for assault and battery (Common Pleas). PHILIP HUGHES of Boston, calker, died, aged 62, 16 June, 1729 (g. s. Copp's Hill), born, therefore, 1667. He was buried 18 June, 1729, aged 63 years (Christ Church Records). Will proved 1729. To son Philip, now in Britain; daughter Mary Hughes, son John Hughes. Daughter Elizabeth, wife of Nathaniel Adams of Bos- ton, blockmaker. To sons John and William Hughes all my money (Suffolk Probate, 27:231). Children : Philip, not a resident of New England in 1729, or later, so far as known. Mary. John. Elizabeth, married 19 July, 1727, Nathaniel Adams of Bos- ton (Boston Records). William. Administration on the estate of William Hughes, of Boston, calker, was granted 17 Nov., 1730, to his brother, John Hughes, calker, of Boston (Suffolk Probate, 28:237). RALPH HEWES of Boston, clothier, died 13 Nov., 1692 (Boston Records), where he was living the previous year. Administration was granted on his estate 9 Dec, 1692, to relict and widow, Esther Hewes. The inventory rendered by the widow disclosed an estate, entirely household goods, of £40-2-6 (Suffolk Probate, 13:92). Prob- ably she was the Esther Hughs married to Robert Hawkins 7 June, 1694 (Boston Records). Administration on the estate of ROWLAND HUGHES of Boston, mariner, was granted 26 Nov., 1728, to Gilbert Affleck of Boston, mariner (Suffolk Probate, 26:530). RICHARD HUGHES, a housewright, was of Boston in 1738 (Suf- folk Common Pleas). CAPT. RICHARD HEUGHES of Boston, died 8 July, 1757, aged OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 417 42 (g. s. Copp's Hill). He married 5 July, 1713, Sarah Reed (Bos- ton Records), who died 23 Nov., 1764, aged 77 (g. s.). She was re- ceived into the communion of the Second Church 27 Nov., 1720, on which day her children were baptized (Church Records). She left an undated will, proved 29 May, 1765, by which she bequeathed her en- tire estate to her two daughters, Marcy and Elizabeth Hughes. At the town meeting, 1743-4, Capt. Richard Hughes was chosen constable, but refused to serve (Town Records). The gravestones of Capt. Richard, his wife and two daughters, are standing in Copp's Hill Cemetery. Children : Richard, born 15 March, 1714-5. His will was probated 12 August, 1757. To his honored mother, Sarah Hughes, he gives all his apparel, both linen and woolen, with silver shoes, knee and neck buckles, gold rings, and all trooping furniture. Also some negroes he had in Col. Blizard's hands in Antigua, and his estate wherever found. His mother, Benjamin Harrod, and John Prince to be ex- ecutors. He is described as " book-keeper." His personal estate, valued at £17-6-8, comprised a pair of pistols, a pair of boots, 3 lace hats, several coats of different colors, 4 pair of breeches, 3 jackets, 5 linen waistcoats, 2 pair check spatterdashes, shoe, knee and neck buckles of silver, 2 gold rings, 1 pair sleeve buttons, 7 neck stocks, 2 wigs, but 3 handkerchiefs, and 7 white and 2 worsted caps, etc. Elizabeth, born 21 Dec, 1719. She died unmarried, May, 1771, leaving a will dated 13 Ma } , proved 24 May, 1771. To her friend, Ezekiel Cheever, Esq., and her cousin, Eliza- beth Miller, she left the income of her house in Prince Street. To cousin, Jonathan Farnum, and in default of issue to next nearest relation on her mother's side. To the children of Ezekiel Cheever. To Elizabeth Hughes Proctor, minor child of Edward Proctor, to Mary, minor child of Richard Walker, and to Sarah Read, daughter of cousin, Thomas Read (Suffolk Probate, 70:194). Mary, died 7 March, 1765. Administration on her estate was granted to her sister, Elizabeth Hughes, spinster, 13 Nov., 1766 (Ibid., 65:435). She was probably the Mary Hews, a child of 8 or 9 years, who witnessed the assault of Abraham Allen, servant of Capt. James Cornwall, of H. M. S. Sheerness, in the alley by her mother's house, which caused his death, 21 Feb., 1726-7 (Suffolk Files, 27,945. 418 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS SAMUEL HUGHES of Boston, merchant, died in Boston, IS May, 1768, aged 52 (Mass. Gazette); buried 20 May, aged 52 (Trinity Church Records). His estate was advertised the next month in the Post Boy. He married 3 Jan., 1744 (Boston Records), Elizabeth Boutineau, sister of James Boutineau, Esq., born 11 Feb., 1716-17, daughter of Stephen and Mary (Baudouin) Boutineau, Huguenots (Suffolk Deeds, 167:22), who had settled in Boston after a short sojourn at Casco Bay. His will was probated 3 June, 1768. Ex- ecutors, the widow, Elizabeth Hughes, and " brother," James Bouti- neau. To his widow he gave the improvement of dwelling house in King Street, all household effects, plate, with certain exceptions, and one-third his personal estate, after her death, to be divided equally among children, Mary, Samuel, Ann, James. To son Peter a silver tankard. To sister, Mary Brown, of London, £10 annually for life. Remainder of estate to children: Peter, Mary, Samuel, Anne, and James equally. In 1754, " Samuel Hewes of Queen St." was chosen constable, but paid and was excused (Boston Records). Mrs. Elizabeth Hughes, aged 79, buried 13 July, 1795 (Trinity Church Records). Her will dated 16 June, proved 28 July, 1795 (Suffolk Probate, 93:655), divides her estate between her son James, her daughter, Ann Hughes, and the two children of her deceased daughter Mary. Family portraits in possession of James are given to him. Children : Peter, born 26 Dec, 1746; died at Antigua 16 Jan., 1776 (N. E. Chronicle). He was clerk of the market in 1772, and on the committee to visit schools in 1774. He suc- ceeded his father in business in King Street, and in 1774 was one of the 123 " Addressers " to Governor Hutchinson on his departure. He owned land on the south side of State Street (Deeds, 125:244). His name and place of business appears on the list printed and circulated at that time, with those of 122 others. The name of his brother Samuel, who is described as his clerk, also was appended to the address, and both signed the Protest against the Solemn League and Covenant, thus identifying themselves with the " Tory" party. (See Mass. Hist. Coll., series 1, vol. II, p. 393.) Samuel, born 7 Oct., 1748. He departed with the British Army when Boston was evacuated in March, 1776, and went to Halifax. He was also one of those, styling themselves " principal inhabitants of Boston," who addressed Gov. Gage on his arrival, 6 Oct., 1775 (Curwen's Journal and Letters). Sabin in American Loyalists says of him: " He OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 419 was one of the 58 Boston Memorialists in 1760, but followed the Royal Army to Halifax in 1776. In 1778 he was pro- scribed and banished. In 1784 administration was granted John Hazen on the estate of a Loyalist of this name, who died on the River St. John, New Brunswick. Elizabeth, widow of Samuel, of Boston, died at that town in 1795, aged 76." Mary, born 27 Aug., 1751. Mary of "William {sic, evidently an error for Samuel) & Elizabeth," baptized 1 Sept., 1751 (Trinity Church Records). Harrison Grey, Jr., and Mary Hughes, married 12 Oct., 1769 (Boston Records). Anne, baptized 21 March, 1755 (Trinity Church Records) ; un- married in 1795. Anne Hughes, aged 67, died 29 July, 1822 (Boston Records). Administration on her estate was granted to Harrison Gray Otis, Nov., 1822. Her heirs-at- law were Sophia Grey, Sophia Nevil Turner and Emily Turner. Estate of $5,181 comprised bank stock and a mortgage by Edward Jones and Thomas Hewes on a house in Milk Street (Suffolk Probate). James, bapt. 4 Nov., 1759 (Trinity Church Records) ; buried, aged 41 years, 21 June, 1798 (Ibid.). "James Hughes, attorney-at-law, aged 41, died at Boston (Columbia Centinel). Graduated from Harvard College 1780. Studied four years with Mr. Hichborne, and was admitted to the Boston Bar Association and to practice before the Court of Common Pleas, 1780 (Records of the Bar Associ- ation, published in Mass. Hist. Soc. Proc, 19:154. His autograph is reproduced in that volume). In 1789 he lived in Court Street (Directory). In 1790 he was Justice of the Peace. In 1791, he was on committee to draw up instructions for the deputies from the town. In 1790 his mother transferred to him the brick building in Cornhill, and brick store on State Street, which she had inherited from her father (Suffolk Deeds, 167:221). Elizabeth, buried 28 Sept., 1750, from Trinity Church; bap- tized 9 Sept., 1749 (Trinity Church Records). Elizabeth, baptized 15 July, 1753 (Trinity Church Records), probably d. y. Susanna, baptized 25 Dec, 1756 (Trinity Church Records); buried 30 Oct., 1757 (Ibid.). WILLIAM HUGHES of Boston, physician, married in Boston, 25 Nov., 168-, Elizabeth, daughter of Nathaniel and Elizabeth (Grafton) 420 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS Maverick, and granddaughter of Moses Maverick by his wife Remem- ber, daughter of Isaac Allerton, a passenger on the Mayflower (May- flower Descendant, 5:129). She may have been that Elizabeth Heughes who was admitted to communion at the Second Church 1 Nov., 1691, and whose daughter Elizabeth was baptized 31 March, 1695 (Church Record). Her will, dated 8 Jan., 1733-4, mentions grand- child, Remember Perkins, the children of Dr. Henry Hooper, to whom £100; daughter Elizabeth, wife of Henry Allen, carpenter, to whom for life her dwelling house in Beer Lane, in the North End, and after her death to her children. Grandson, Henry Allen, Jr., Friend John Potwine, executor (Suffolk Probate, 30:235). Her inventory, taken 4 Feb., 1734-5, disclosed 53 oz. silver, valued at £66-17-6, house and land, £800; a total estate of £908-16-0 (Ibid., 34; 170). A stone in King's Chapel burial ground, reads, " Here lyes ye body of Mrs. Elizb Hughes, wife to Mr. William Hughes, died 26 March, 1734, aet. 67." William Hughes was employed on more than one occasion as inter- preter in the examination of the French privateersmen who came into Boston, and of Spanish and French sailors accused of piracy (Suffolk Files). Beginning with 1682, when he bought a house with land, in the North End, of Dorcas and Judith Hunt (Suffolk Deeds, 12:277), he made several transactions in real estate. On the 14 Oct., 1692, he made his wife, Elizabeth, his attorney, with power to sell land, and act- ing under that power, she sold to David Cutler, a mariner, land her husband had bought of Roger Doubleday on a lane leading from Fisher's street to south side of Mill Creek near the Mill Pond, 24 Feb., 1707-8 (Ibid., 23; 202). On the 20 Feb., 1704-5, William Hewes had license to erect a timber dwelling house 23 ft. by 18 ft., 18 ft. stud, with flat roof and battlements on same, on his land near Mill Bridge, in room of an old house, now standing, he intends to demolish (Council Records). In 1710 his house on the north side of Beer Lane is men- tioned (Town Records). His will dated 24 Dec, 1702, was proved Dec, 1708. To his son William his dwelling house and land adjoining; to daughter, Remem- ber Hewes, the dwelling house bought of Zippora, a free negro woman, fronting on a lane on the north side of the Mill Bridge; daughter Elizabeth, wife of Henry Allen, to whom he had already given a house and land. Brother-in-law Thomas Jackson of Boston, merchant (Suf- folk Probate). His inventory mentions a house in Beer Lane, one in Back Street, and another in Middle Street (Ibid., 17;54). Children : Elizabeth, born 26 April, 1685; married Henry Allen. OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 421 Remember, born 7 March, 1687; married 1 July, 1708, John Perkins. William, born 27 June, 1691, evidently died unmarried, in mother's lifetime. Nathaniel, born 3 Aug., 1699; died young. WILLIAM HEWES of Boston had by wife Amelia (Boston Records) : William, born 21 June, 1808; baptized Second Church, 6 Nov., 1808. Charles, born 17 May, 1810; died 14 April, 1811, of lung fever. Charles Edwin, born 23 June, 1812; died 16 Aug., 1813, of typhoid. Charles Edwin, born 28 April, 1814. Frederick Augustus, born 25 June, 1817- A child of ZECHARIAH HEWES was buried in Boston 13 March, 1701 (Sexton's bill). MARY HEWES, married 17 Nov., 1692, in Boston, Capt. John Fairweather. He made settlement of part of his estate upon her. John Fairweather was son of Thomas and baptized in 1634. He mar- ried, first, 1660, Sarah, daughter of Robert Turner, and had Thomas, Penelope, and John, all baptized 1670, also child baptized in 1672. He was captain, representative in 1684, and was made commander of the Castle at the Revolution of April, 1689. He made a map of Boston. He died 13 April, 1712. There is no settlement of his estate of record. Boston miscellaneous entries prior to 1800, or affecting persons born prior to that date ABIGAIL HEWES admitted to church at Roxbury, 12 April, 1730. CHARLES HUGHES married 6 Feb., 1772, Ann Blount. His daughter, Mary Ann, baptized 6 Sept., 1773 (Trinity Church Record). DANIEL HEWS married Thankful Gee, 9 May, 1779 (Boston Records). DANIEL HUGHES' wife, Susanna, died June, 1799, aged 18. (Columbian Centinel.) DANIEL HEWES, of Boston, was a corporal in the company of 422 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS Capt. E. Burbeck in Gridley's Artillery Regiment, enlisting 3 June, 1775, and in service 6 Jan., 1776. DANIEL HEWES, of Attleboro, was a private in company com- manded by Capt. S. Richardson, which marched to Rhode Island to hold the lines, and served until 15 May, from 21 April, 1777. DANIEL HEWES was corporal in regiment commanded by Col. T. Carpenter, Capt. A. Foster's regiment, in the expedition to Rhode Island, serving from 12 July to 12 Aug., 1778. DAN HEWS enlisted 6 Jan., 1778, and was discharged 1 July, 1778, serving in Capt. John Morgan's company, detached from the Hampshire militia to guard the stores at Springfield and Brookfield. DERBY HEWES married Edward Jones, both of Boston, 30 May, 1779 (West Church Records). EDWARD HEWES married Jude Clarey, 1 Dec, 1768 (Boston Records). ELIJAH HEWES was of Boston, 1768 (Town Records). GEORGE HEWES, master of ship Thomas Bonadventure, was in the port of Boston 1618. He was brother-in-law of Wrath Bathorne, a merchant in Malaga, who had a brother Roger Bathorne. Hewes was of Deptford, Kent, and was in port some time. See Aspinwall's Notarial Record. GEORGE HUGHES; administration on the estate of George Hughes, called of Boston, gentleman, was granted to Thos. Selby of Boston, taverner, 28 Aug., 1727. Administration de bonis non to Thos. Phillips in place of Selby, deceased, 3 Oct., 1727 (Suffolk Pro- bate, 25 :456, 505). Inventory 3 Nov., 1729, £20-4-1, disclosed a small personal estate, including gold buttons at 33 shillings, and a silver seal at 3 shillings, 32 books, etc. He evidently shared chambers with an- other. The charges against his estate were for nursing £4, wine at funeral £1-17, etc., total £16-6. No distribution and no heirs men- tioned. He appeared as attorney in Court Common Pleas in 1725. On 22 June, 1725, the Council ordered the payment to Geo. Hughs of 30 shillings for twice drawing the indictment against John Cbeckley for a scandalous libel by him published. (Council Records, 231.) GEORGE HEWES, a butcher, and his son, arrived at Boston from Halifax on sloop Speedwell 22 Feb., 1769. (Register of Arrivals, OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 423 Boston Rec. Com. Rpt., 29.) He is probably the George Hewes who died 6 May, 1770, aged 68 (Granary Epitaphs). GEORGE HUGHES was warned from Boston 1772 (or there- abouts. (Suffolk Files, 90,760.) HANNAH HEWES was admitted to full communion 5 Jan., 1785, at the New South. HANNAH HEWES was a schoolmistress and lived in Pleasant Street, 1796 (Boston Directory). HANNAH HUGHES, died 4 Aug., 1833, aged 84 (Boston Death Record). HANNAH HEWES was admitted 3 Aug., 1794, to the Hollis Street Church. ISAAC HEWES was Sealer of Leather in Boston, 1763 (Town Records). JOHN HUGHES, late London, Esq., and late commander of H. M. sloop Hind, died on the American coast, and administration on his estate was granted to his brother Edward, late of London, now resi- dent in Boston, 4 Nov., 1747 (Suffolk Probate). JOHN HUGHS, " a lad for education," arrived in Boston from Cape Fear, 7 July, 1767 (Boston Rec. Com. Rpt., 29). JOHN HUGHES married Elizabeth Newcomb, 30 Nov. 1780 (Boston Records). JOHN HEWS was elected constable in 1781 but excused (Boston Town Records). JOHN HUGHES married Rosanna Baker, 14 April, 1768 (Bos- ton Records). JOHN HUGHES, died 24 Jan., 1821, aged 45, at Boston alms- house. JOSEPH HUSE; his infant child, buried 19 Jan., 1709-10 (Saxton's bill). JOSEPH HUGHES of Cork, Ireland, mariner, appointed guardian to Anthony Blount Hughes, a minor, aged 17, nephew to Anthony Blount, late of Boston, tallow chandler, deceased 29 July, 1727 (Suf- 424 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS folk Probate, 25; 413). Anthony Blount and Jane Simpson were married 19 Nov., 1702 (Boston Marriages). JOSHUA HUGHES of Boston had following Children: Joshua, died 7 Oct., 1839, aged 1 year, 6 months. His body removed to Mt. Hope Cemetery in 1853. Margaret A., died 15 April, 1845, aged 2 years, 2 months. Removed to Mt. Hope Cemetery, 1853. Mary, died 11 Aug., 1837, aged 1 year, 2 months. Removed 1853. MARGARET HEWES, a stranger, died in Boston, 26 Aug., 1814, aged 73 (Boston Records). MATHEW HUGHES married Elizabeth Stacy, and had baptized at Trinity Church, Christopher Stacy, and Elizabeth, twins, 16 Oct., 1796. NATHANIEL HEWES was a sailmaker in North Street, Boston, 1796 (Directory). NATHANIEL PHILLIPS HEWS married Sally Eaton, Feb., 1794 (Boston Records). NATHANIEL P. HEWES of Boston had daughter Sally, who died aged 16, 14 Jan., 1814 (Boston). OWEN HUGHES, administration 1773 (Suffolk Probate). OWEN HUGHES died 14 July, 1843, aged 86 (Boston Records). PRISCILLA HEWES, adult, was baptized 18 Feb., 1803, at Hollis Street Church. RICHARD HUGHES of Boston, mariner, dying, his wife Sarah was appointed to administer on his estate, March, 1791 (Suffolk Probate). REBECCA HEWES married 30 Dec, 1731, Robert Montgomery, at First Presbyterian Church. ROBERT HEWS. Deposition of Thomas Hunt, one of the con- stables of Boston, and Samuel Sexton, aged about 31, that the last night, being the 14 October, about Up. m., they apprehended Robert Hews, servant to Mr. Thomas Thatcher (but then belonging to Mr. OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 425 Pitman's Ketch), he being drunk, and creating a disturbance. 15 Oct., 1684 (Suffolk Files, 2262). He was sentenced to pay 30 shillings. ROBERT HEWES of Boston married 14 May, 1712, Sarah Kendrick (Boston Records). ROBERT HEWES " of Ireland " married Sarah Dunnell of Boston, 30 Sept., 1714 (Boston Records). ROBERT HUGHS married Elizabeth Hall, 3 Oct., 1757 (Bos- ton R-ecords). ROBERT HUGHS died (prior to Nov. 27) 1789, at Boston (Inde- pendent Chronicle). ROBERT HEWES married Deborah Waite, 13 Dec, 1770 (Bos- ton Records). SARAH HUGHES of Boston, widow and shopkeeper, sued John Harden of Braintree for balance of account in 1738. He had not settled in April, 1740 (Common Pleas). SARAH HUGHES admitted to the New North Church, 2 June, 1745. SUSANNA HEWES of Boston, widow, boarding with her son-in- law, Richard Woods, of Roxbury, was acknowledged an inhabitant of Boston in 1717, and to receive alms. THOMAS HEWES was baptized 15 Feb., 1756, at the Old South. THOMAS HEWES, mariner, of Boston. 20 March, 1792, Elizabeth Buttend, widow, was appointed administratrix on his estate, with Simeon Wyman, gentleman, and Samuel Buttend, laborer, as sureties (Suffolk* Probate, 91:187). THOMAS HUGHES died 25 Dec, 1830, aged 55 (Boston Records). WALTER HUGHES had wife, Margaret, who died 1 March, 1818, aged 32 (Trinity Church Records). WILLIAM HEWS, a stranger, died at house of James Sabin, Jr., at Rehoboth, 12 Aug., 1737 (Rehoboth Records). WILLIAM HEWS married Abigail Wittor, 2 May, 1793. Western Massachusetts and Miscellaneous ANDREW or ANDREWS HUGHS of Williamstown, Mass., en- 426 OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS listed at Dorchester, receiving a bounty of <£78, to serve for the credit of that town, 11 May, 1778, for eight months. He is described as 20 years of age, 5 ft. 6^ inches in height, dark hair and eyes, a cord- wainer, a native of Canada, and resident of Williamstown. He is else- where described as enlisted 25 June, 1778, and discharged 7 Aug., 1778 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). CHARLES HEWS of Blanford, Mass., enlisted 19 March, 1778, out of Capt. William Knox's company, 3d Hampshire militia, assigned to Capt. Smith's company, Col. Marshall's regiment. Deserted July, 1779 (Mass. Rev. Rolls). JOHN HUGHS enlisted in Keep's company, Sheppard's regiment, for the War, in 1779. He was of Granville, Mass. (Mass. Rev. Rolls). This was probably the same man as John Hewes and John Hugh, a member of the same company, who enlisted 1 Jan., 1779, for three years and deserted at Providence 2 May, 1779. He was 26 years old, 5 ft. 9 in. tall, light complexion and light hair, and a " foreigner." PETER HUSE or HEWES of Fitchburg was discharged 7 Dec, 1780, having served 5 months and 7 days in the Continental Army, Watson's company, Col. Greaton's regiment. He re-enlisted 27 May, 1781, for three years, and died in the service 18 Oct., 1781. He was at time of his second enlistment, nineteen years old, 5 feet, 10 inches in height, light complexioned, and a farmer (Mass. Rev. Rolls). SAMUEL HEWES of Montague was a private in company com- manded by Capt. R. Oliver (who was from Conway) in Doolittle's regiment, 27 June, 1775, to 6 Oct., 1775, at which time he was reported with Col. Arnold (Mass. Rolls). JOHN HUGHES of Chesterfield, alias Williamsburg, was sued on a note in Oct., 1784, by Isaac Robinson of Hardwick, physician (Hampshire Court, Common Picas, 17:68). LOUIS HEWES (a female) married 17 July, 1744, Thomas Neal (Edgartown Vital Records). THAMASEN HEWS married Lambert Genehy, 14-Smo., 1658, at Dedham. Their daughter Mary was born 24-lOmo., 1659. Lambert Gcncry died 80-llmo., 1674 (Dedham Records). According to Savage, Thamasen w.-is his second wile, and died at Watertown 2 Jan., 1669, aged 7". By another wife he had other children. OTHER FAMILIES — MASSACHUSETTS 427 In Eliot's Church List (Roxbury) Hues is named as a church member, and is called " maid servant." Her name follows that of John Walker in the list. HANNAH HOUSE married 16-1 mo., 1670, at Charlestown, James Brown, glazier, who was born 19-6mo., 1647, and died 27 Feb., 1707-8. They lived after 1672 at Salem and Newbury, and had many children. PLYMOUTH COLONY EMANUEL HUGHS of the Kennebec River settlement, 1654. The only mention of this man is found in the report of proceedings to provide an orderly government on the Kennebec River, which was under the jurisdiction of Plymouth. On the 15 May, 1654, the inhabitants upon the river were required to make their personal appearance at the house of Thomas Ashley at Merry Meeting Bay on 23 May, and at which time and place the people generally assembled, and after publication of the authority contained in instructions to Gov. Prince, the following inhabitants took the oath of fidelity, viz. : Thomas Purchase, gentleman; John Stone, Thomas Ashley, John Richards, James Smith, William James, Thomas Parker, John White, John Brown, William David, Thomas Weber, Thomas Atkins, James Coale, John Parker, EMANUEL HUGHS, Alexander Thawyt. Thomas Purchase, being chosen by the inhabitants, was appointed by Gov. Prince to be an Assistant to the Governor in this part of the jurisdiction of New Plymouth, and also Mr. Thomas Southworth, re- siding at Cushenage on Kennebec, and such other as may be sent hither to have the government of that family, with same power and authority of the Assistants in the government of New Plymouth. Thomas Ashley was chosen Constable. (See Ancient Records of Col- ony of New Plymouth, pp. 58, 59.) The Scituate and Hingham Hughes JOHN HE WES of Scituate, called the " Welchman," was first of Plymouth, where he was rated in 1633, and that same year, with wife Jone, whom he had recently married, was punished for an offense against the law, which to-day would not be taken cognizance of. He had previously lived in Scituate and his name had been given to a ford on the road to Plymouth from Boston, noticed by Gov. Winthrop in his journal, as follows: " 31 Oct., 1632. About five in the morning the governor (Winthrop) and his company came out of Plymouth; the governor of Plymouth, with the pastor and elder, etc., accompanying tin in mar half a mile out of the town in the dark. The Lieutenant Holmes, with two others, and the governor's mare, came along with L28 OTHER FAMILIES — PLYMOUTH COLONY 429 them to the great swamp, about ten miles. When they came to the great river (North River), they were carried over by one Luddam, their guide (as they had been when they came, the stream being very strong, and up to the crotch) also the governor called that passage Luddam's Ford. Thence they came to a place called Hue's Cross. The governor being displeased with the name, in respect that such things might hereafter give the Papists occasion to say that their religion was first planted in these parts, changed the name, and called it Hue's Folly. So they came, that evening, to Wessguscus, where they were bountifully entertained, as before." In spite of the action of Winthrop in changing the name of this locality, the original name has been perpetuated. John Hewes was admitted freeman of Plymouth 6 March, 1637-8, and took the oath 3 Dec, 1639 (Plymouth Records). In 1649 he appears owning lands in Scituate, and in 1648 is called lieutenant (Plymouth Deeds, 66, 192). In 1650, described as "senior" and " planter " ; he buys of Humphrey Johnson of Scituate, a planter, a dwelling house and 20 acres, some time the dwelling house of John Williams, Jr., of Scituate (Ibid., 200). He was surveyor of highways, 1652 and 1653, and constable in 1659. He is mentioned as among the inhabitants of Scituate in 1643, and took' the oath of fidelity in 1644. In 1666 John Hewes, senior, and John Hewes, junior, were rated in Scituate. The elder appears on the list of freemen of 1670. The name John Hewes appears twice upon the roll of men between sixteen and sixty capable of bearing arms in Scituate in 1643. The town list of approved inhabitants to whom common lands could be assigned made up in 1673, contains the entry, " John Hews's heirs." Deane says that John Hewes died in 1672; also that his son John died in 1661. The will of John Hewes is dated 6 Feb., 1671, proved 22 Feb., 1673-4 and mentions wife Joanna, son James, son-in-law Jere- miah Hatch (Genealogical Memoirs of Middlesex County, I, 242). Children of John Hewes or Hughes (Hervghs) of Scituate, probably by wife Jone, or Joanna: Mary (perhaps the child born in the spring of 1633) married 29 Dec, 1657, Jeremiah Hatch (Scituate Records). He was son of William Hatch. Abigail, married William Hatch, who died prior to 1653. She married, second, Thomas King. In 1669, in a pe- tition, she describes herself as widow of William Hatch and daughter of John Hewes. She had a daughter Phebe, aged nearly 16 years in 1669. William Hatch died in 430 OTHER FAMILIES — PLYMOUTH COLONY Virginia, leaving a will dated 13 Nov., 1653, in which he names wife Abigail and daughter Phebe. John, who if of age to bear arms in 1643, would have been born prior to 1628, but as the second John Hewes in the list is not followed by the word junior, nor the first by senior, it is more probable that the persons making the list wrote the father's name twice. John Hewes, Jr., was rated in 1666; although Deane says he died in 1661. Both statements are reproduced without sight of the original records, nor exact references to the record, and are therefore subject to correction. Marshfield records give the marriage of Jeremiah Burrowes to [ ] Hewes in May, 1651, who may have been another daughter of John. JOHN HUGHS of Hingham (perhaps son of John of Scituate; but hardly a grandson, as suggested by Deane), married there x Mary Hobart, daughter of Edmund and Elizabeth Hobart, who was bap- tized 18 March, 1637-8, and died in Hingham 25 July, 1674, aged 36. Children, as given by Lincoln in " History of Hingham ": Mary, born 4 Dec, 1665. John, born 21 Sept., 1667; died 22 Aug., 1669. Samuel, born 1 May, 1669, died 13 Sept. John, born 18 July, 1672, died 21 Sept. Lincoln thinks that after death of his wife, John removed from Hingham. It has been suggested that he was the John Hughes of Watertown, married there in 1676, who died in Lexington in 1721. Aside from possibilities suggested by the dates, there is no evidence to that effect. A John Hughes was a soldier in Turner's company at Hatfield in December, 1675, but nothing further is known of him, or of any heir. Joshua Bramhal] and wife Thankful, sold to Samuel Bramhall, land in Hingham, drawn to the heirs of John Hews (Suffolk Deeds, 81: 196). Joshua Bramhal] was born 1722, died 1755; his wife Thankful died 1759, aged about 33. Joshua was son of George and Anna (Baker) Bramhall, and grandson of George Bramhall, whose widow Martha married, 1698, Gershom Hall. Thankful would appear to have been the heir to John Hewes, unless the word was used solely in the sense of assign. THOMAS HEWES or HUGHS of Plymouth was possibly a son of John, but no evidence has been found connecting him with any Hewes- 1 Lincoln gives the date !> Dec, Kill!), probably an error for 1664. OTHER FAMILIES — PLYMOUTH COLONY 431 Hughes emigrants. He first appears in Plymouth in 1668, when lib- erty was granted Edward and Thomas Dotey and Thomas Hewes to set up a stage for fishing at Clarke's Island, for seven years. In 1672 he had a grant of land near the upper end of land he then resided upon, and in 1677 had a grant of Hurtleberry swamp, to make meadow of. In 1686 he was granted for five years the improvement of five acres (Plymouth Town Records). In a deed of 1671/ he is called seaman. In 1670 he was fined for breaking the peace, and in 1672 acknowl- edged a debt due Mr. Braden of Boston (Plymouth Col. Court Rec- ords). Davis, in Landmarks of Plymouth, tells no more about him, except that he married Abigail; died in 1697; and left children as below. Hs made his will 11 June, 1697, which was proved 29 De- cember following. To son Edward one shilling; daughter, Ann Hughs, one shilling; daughter Elizabeth, two-thirds of his estate, and residue of his estate after the death of her mother. Wife Abigail executrix. His estate was small (Plymouth Probate, 1: 281). Children: Edward. He seems to have removed from Plymouth. There was an Edward Huse admitted freeman of Massachusetts 16 May, 1690, who from the position of his name in the list would appear to be of Gloucester. Nothing further is known of him. Mr. Walker quotes some unidentified authority to the effect that Edward Hewes of Boston was "opposed to the law of 1658, punishing Quakers' with death for returning to the Colony of Massachusetts after banishment," date of this occurrence not being given. The people of Scituate and of Plymouth Colony generally were more kindly disposed to the Quakers than those of Massa- chusetts. But who this Edward was is unknown, as search for the item in the records has failed. Ann, unmarried in 1697. Elizabeth. Administration on her estate was granted Robert Davie and Deborah his wife, who was a daughter of Eliza- beth Hughes, 21 June, 1727 (Plymouth Probate, 5: 300). On 19 March, 1727, Eizabeth Hughes (sic) granted to her daughter, Deborah Davie, her lands, etc., for her life, with reversion to grandson, Thomas Davie (Deeds, 22: 52). HEWSON HUGHES of Rochester, had wife Joanna. He bought a farm there of Job Bumpus in 1736 and sold the next year. Bumpus had removed from Rochester to Bath county, N. C, and Hughes was 432 OTHER FAMILIES — PLYMOUTH COLONY of New River, Bath county, N. C. (see Plymouth Deeds, 30:177, 31:146). JOHN HUGHES, born on the Isle of Wight, came to Truro, Mass., when twelve years of age. He was lost in the Bay, with four others, May, 1799, aet. 49 years. He married Rachel Dyer, daughter of Fulke and Elizabeth (Atkins) Dyer, who was baptized at Truro 22 October, 1758. He left eight children. 2 zUnderhill: Genealogy of Edward Small, p. 1259. CONNECTICUT John and Richard Hughes, early of Guilford do not appear to have been related. JOHN HUSE was one of the signers to the Guilford covenant of 1 June, 1639, on board the ship which brought the first company of settlers. (See " History of Guilford," by R. D. Smith, p. 12.) This company was chiefly from the counties of Surrey and Kent, and its members were mainly agriculturists. The name of John Hughes does not appear among the inhabitants of 1650, nor is other mention found of him. RICHARD HUSE was probably the Richard Hewes of Dorchester, Mass., where, by wife Ann, he had born: Bethel, born 27-5mo., 1637- Deliverance, born ll-4mo., 1640. Constant, born 17-5mo., 1642. Richard Hughes, or Hewes, had probably other children after his removal to Guilford, among them: Samuel, of whom below. Nicholas, of whom below. The name of Richard Hughes appears in the list of 1650. He had settled in Guilford as early as 1645. He died 3 July, 1658. Steiner, in History of Guilford and Madison, states that Richard Hughes came probably from Dorchester, and that his son Nicholas was granted a houselot 8 Nov., 1670, if he would remain seven years. Nicholas was a blacksmith. A daughter Sarah was a school teacher for many years, and as late as 1711-12. Inventory of the estate of Richard Hughes was presented at a court in Guilford, 5 May, 1659, by Mary, late wife of Richard Hughes, and then wife of William Stone, who was appointed admin- istrator. Inventory of the estate showed it to be worth £96 (Col. Rec. New Haven, 2: 286). SAMUEL HUGHES of Guilford, probably son of Richard, mar- ried Mary Dowd. He died in 1693. His will dated 9 May, was proved 5 June, 1693. To his daughter Mary he gave a piece of meadow " by ye house lot of his father," bounded east by John Stone and south by the Highway, and west by the West River. Also other land. To daughter Abigail the " home lot." He had given to Mary 433 434 OTHER FAMILIES — CONNECTICUT a valuable estate upon the occasion of her marriage, and Abigail is to Abigail, and 30 shillings rent out of the estate given Mary, for her to be " made equal." To his wife the use of the house and barn given life. Wife Mary executrix. The inventory of " Samuel Hugges " showed a personality of £105-11-06, homestead and the other lands with the corn on it £160. A right to 9H acres in the Fourth Division not appraised (New Haven Probate Records). He was assessed in Guilford in 1642 at =£48-50 (Hinman Mss.) and admitted freeman 13 May, 1669 (Col. Rec. Conn., 2: 105). NICHOLAS HUGHES of Guilford, said in the Hinman Mss. to have been assessed in Guilford in 1642 at £27-16. If this is a cor- rect statement of the date, it is hardly probable that he was son of Richard, as more probably is claimed by Steiner. Nicholas Hughes had a grant of a houselot in Guilford in 1670 (Steiner). On the 23 March, 1681-2, he had deed from Mary Ailing of New Haven, he being described as of the same place, of six acres in New Haven at the further end of the suburbs quarter. On 30 Jan., 1683, his third division on the east side of East River, 5^ acres, is described (New Haven Deeds, 1: 97, 1: 222). In these records his name is spelled Hues. No further mention of him is found on deeds or probate at New Haven. He married about 1692, Abigail Curtis, widow of Jonathan Curtis, and daughter of John Thompson of Stratford. There are no children of record, and his land fell to Jonathan Curtis, Jr. Nicholas Huse was of Stratford in 1679-80, and in 1684 (Orcutt: History of Stratford). LEWIS HUGHES of Lyme, Conn., married a daughter of Thomas Hungerford, who died 1663; Hungerford's daughters were Sarah and Hannah, the eldest nine years old at his death (Calkin: "History New London "). LEWIS HUES married Martha Hazard, widow of Thomas Haz- ard, R. I., who had formerly been wife of Thomas Sheriff of the same place. On the 22 March, 1691, Martha, wife of Lewis Hues, granted to her son, John Sheriff, all her estate except, etc. In this deed she mentions that her husband had absconded a few weeks after mar- riage with nearly all her personal estate in her former husband's time. She was born probably as early as 1630, and died soon after 1691. See Austin's Geneal. Diet, of R. I., p. 177. LEWIS HUGHES was an emigrant to Barbados in 1635, but there is no reason to suspect any connection of this man with New England. OTHER FAMILIES — CONNECTICUT 435 JOHN HUGHES 7 enlisted 5 April, and served until 14 June, 1758, in Capt. Champion's company, Whiting's regiment, in the cam- paign against Canada. WILLIAM HUGHS 7 was in Major Durkee's company in the First Connecticut regiment, 6 April to 15 Nov., 1761. Durkee was of Norwich. In 1783, a William Huse was a member of Bett's company in Webb's, 3d Conn, line regiment, having enlisted 19 Jan., 1781. NATHANIEL HEWES 7 was in Lt.-Col. Israel Putnam's own company in his battalion raised for the campaign against the Indians, and served from 5 April to 11 Dec, 1764. See under Nathaniel Hewes, page 128. HENRY FREEMAN HUGHES of East Haven, Conn., said to have been born in Wales in 1723 and to have deserted from the British navy, probably at Boston, appears in East Haven about 1748. In 1752 he bought land there, and for many years ran the ferry from Stable Point to New Haven over Wallingford river. In 1758 he signed his name Huse. He was an Episcopalian, and at one time in prosperous circumstances, yet died insolvent. He married 19 July, 1749, Lydia Tuttle, daughter of Noah Tuttle. She was born 27 Jan., 1722. He died 13 Oct., 1791, and his widow died in Fair Haven, 2 August, 1794. Children : Henry, born 7 July, 1751; married Grace Whedon. Freeman, born about 1753; married 24 Nov., 1774, Mary Richards. When the British raided New Haven he is said to have joined them and eventually retired to Nova Scotia; but in a return of date of 1777 by New Haven Selectmen to the State, of men in the army, the " son of Freeman Huse, now prisoner in Great Britain," appears (Conn. Hist. Soc. Col.) John, born 7 Sept., 1757; married 15 July, 1778, Mary Grannis; married second, Mabel Baldwin. Daniel, born 17 June, 1759; married Lucy Grannis, sister of John's wife. He married, second, Sarah Atwater. He married third, Rachel Shailer. Abigail, born 2 Oct., 1761; married Stephen Rowe. BODWELL HUGHES, said to have been a brother of Henry Free- i French and Indian War Rolls in Conn. Hist. Society Collections, vols. 2 and 9. 436 OTHER FAMILIES — CONNECTICUT man Hughes, married at East Haven, 15 April, 1760, Mercy Collins, daughter of Abel Collins. He lived in East Haven, but removed to Ohio, where he died. His name appears as Huse and Hews in the Revolutionary Rolls of Connecticut. He served from June to December, 1776, in the 5th battalion, commanded by Col. Douglas, raised to re-enforce Washing- ton in New York, and later in Ely's company in the 1st Connecticut line, enlisted 7 Feb., 1777, for three years. In the roll of this regi- ment he is described as Bandwell Hewes. He was on the roll of the 5th Connecticut line regiment 1 Jan. to 31 Dec, 1781. He enlisted 19 Jan., 1781, in the 3rd Conn, line in Bett's company and was in service in 1783. He is entered on the rolls of the Continental frigate Trumbull, as Boduel Huse, having enlisted 22 Dec, 1775; "left sick in Connecticut and not returned." His name appears in lists of men in the service every year of the War, usually as Huse. See Revolu- tionary Rolls published in Conn. Hist. Soc Collections, Vols. 8 and 12, and Connecticut Men in the Revolution. Children: Rebecca. Anna, married Samuel Browne. Collins, born May, 1776; married Abigail Bradley. Rebecca, married Thomas Howell; married 2d., Josiah Moulton. Israel, died unmarried, by drowning. Joseph, died unmarried. For descendants of Henry Freeman and Bodwell Hughes, see Hughes and Allied Families, D. Darwin Hughes (1879). HENRY HUSE (Henry Freeman Huse) of Westfield, Mass., mar- ried Grace Whedon. His estate was administered upon by his widow Grace, 2 May, 1786 (Hampshire Probate, Box 76; 36). 27 March, 1775, Henry Huse of Westfield, yeoman, bought from Josiah Parks, for £80, 30 acres at Mill Pond in Westfield, on the north side of Great River (Hampden Deeds, 15: 34.1). On 16 Nov., 1778, he bought 110 acres with mansion house thereon of James Noble in Westfield new Addition (afterward Russell) on the road to Blandford (Jbid., 16: 262). This estate came to his children, of w1h.ui Stephen was the eldest son, and various deeds are of record dis- posing of their shares to Stephen Huse and others. From the deeds We Learn their residence, as shown below. Henry Freeman Huse also bought laud in Westfield in 1779 (Ibid., 23: 60."/;, which lie sold to Daniel Huse of New Haven the same year OTHER FAMILIES — CONNECTICUT 437 (Ibid., 34: 63). Daniel Hughes sold the same, he then being of East Haven, and describing the land as 40 acres in Russell, bounding on land of heirs of Henry Hughes, deceased, to David Tuttle of Russell, 2 May, 1792 (Ibid., 34: 178). The name is spelled Huse on the Hampden Deeds, with the excep- tion of the deeds of Daniel Hughes of East Haven, and one other instance. Grace, widow of Henry, in signing bond of administration, wrote her name Grace Hues, but the probate papers were made out in the name Huse. Children, from guardianship papers, dated 3 Feb., 1789: Stephen, aged 14; of Russell, living 1843. Samuel, aged 13; in 179- of Hebron, Washington Co., N. Y. Henry, aged 11 ; in 1796 of Russell, when he buys land of his brother Samuel. Abigail, aged 9. Freeman, aged 7; in 1803 of Onondaga, N. Y. Grace, aged 5. Lucretia, aged 3. CAPT. JOHN HUGHES was a resident of Norwich, Conn., and was born about 1719. He died 1803. He married in 1748 Zipporah Hartshorn, daughter of David and Abigail (Hebard) Hartshorn, of Franklin. He was probably the John Hughes who served in Capt. Perkins' Norwich company which responded to the alarm of August, •1757, and marched to the relief of Fort William and Henry (Conn. Hist. Soc. Col., vols. 2 and 9). Children: Eunice, born 1749; married Jeremiah Leach. Elijah, baptized 1751. Hannah, born 1752; died 1754. John, born 1755; died in Cambridge, Mass., in 1775. A John John Hews of Norwich appears in the company of Capt. John McKall, and is credited with one day's service on the alarm of 19 April, 1775. Hannah, born 1758; died 1801; married 1774 Nathaniel Townsend (Perkins: Old Houses of Norwich). Other Connecticut men in the Revolution 8 were : JAMES HUGHES, who was a sergeant in Capt. Samuel Whiting's company, 5th Connecticut Continental, regiment, enlisted 5 May, 1775, 8 For Revolutionary- service see Connecticut men in the Revolution, and vols. 8 to 12 of the 'Collections of the Connecticut Historical Society. 438 OTHER FAMILIES — CONNECTICUT re-enlisted 17 Nov., 1775. His term expired December, 1775. The same or another James Hughes was a member of Col. Elmore's bat- talion in January, 1777. He was appointed second lieutenant 15 April, 1776. The battalion was broken up in the spring of 1777, and the men mostly re-enlisted in Col. Lamb's artillery regiment raised in 1777, which served through the war, and participated in most of the battles in the north and at Yorktown. JAMES HEWS of Hartford is returned as having deserted from the 5th Connecticut regiment between Jan., 1778, and 1 Jan., 1780 (Conn. Hist. Soc. Col.). JOHN HUGHES was a member of Warner's company (Warner was of Middletown), in the 3d Connecticut line, enlisted 26 May, 1777, for three years, but deserted 9 July, 1777- Another John Hews " of Connecticutt " was one of the crew of the armed ship Deane, at Boston, Nov., 1780, and described as aged 21, light complexioned, and a seaman (Mass. Rev. Rolls). " Capt." John Hugh commanded a company, perhaps in 1777- The same year "Lieut." Hughes is named, probably James above. JOSEPH HUSE was a member of Dimon's company of Fairfield in May, 1775. THOMAS HUGHES was detached from Chester's Connecticut regiment to serve in Knowlton's Rangers in Sept., 1776. He was captured by the enemy at Fort Washington 16 Nov., 1776. A soldier named Huse, no christian name given, was a prisoner and confined in Great Britain in 1776. He was of New Haven, and perhaps is Freeman Hughes above mentioned. MRS. ABIGAIL HUGHS of New Haven died in 1787, and ad- ministration of her estate was granted to Elias Stilwell at request of Samuel Hughes, eldest son. She left an estate of £131 (New Haven Probate Records). Samuel was a minor in 1785. PARLEY HUGHES was married at Thompson, Conn., 19 Nov., 1778, to Esther Onnsby. He was an inhabitant of Meriden, N. H., 30 April, 1781, when he is one of the petitioners for a military com- pany there, the petition being addressed to Col. Chase, commanding the 1st regiment in the 3d Brigade, State of Vermont. He signs his name as Parley Hews as m 11 as Hughes (N. H. Town Papers, 13). OTHER FAMILIES — CONNECTICUT 439 JONATHAN HUES was a resident of Killingly, Conn., and had baptized there: Jonas, baptized 12 June, 1715. Abigail, baptized 10 Feb., 1717. Zerviah, baptized 26 Aug., 1722; Zerviah Hughes and Jona- than Converse were married 19 June, 1713, at Thomp- son parish, Killingly. Other marriages at Thompson were: Edmund Hughes' to Elizabeth Stevens, 27 March, 1739. He is, perhaps, the " E. Huges " who lived north of the meet- ing house in Killingly, on the county road, in 1755. The " widow Hughes " also lived on the same road and north of the meeting house (Conn. Town Papers, IX., 304b). Amy Hughes of Thompson to John Utley of Canada, 13 April, 1758. Elizabeth Hughes to David Jewett, Jr., 6 Oct., 1762. NEW HAMPSHIRE Until after 1720, when the younger representatives of the Massa- chusetts families of this name began to seek homes in the then unsub- dued wilderness of New Hampshire away from the coast, few instances of the settlement of persons bearing the name Hewes or Hughes are found in New Hampshire. The settlement at Portsmouth of Arthur Hewes of Saco has already been mentioned under Maine. There was a JOHN HUES 4 in Exeter, probably in 1671, when he witnessed a deed of Exeter parties to land in Piscataqua (Old Norfolk Records, Essex Antiquarian, 12: 182). Administration on the estate of JAMES HUGHES of Kingston was granted 29 Aug., 1753, to Elizabeth Hughes, and the inventory dis- closed an estate of £590 (Provincial Probate Records, 18: 509). JAMES HUSE and ISRAEL HUSE in 1743 lived in the territory set off to form Hampstead. Israel Huse, Jr., was a resident in Kingston in 1746 (N. H. Town Papers, vol. II). WILLIAM HEWS, a young man belonging to Hampton, died in the army at Cape Breton, the news arriving at his home 23 Feb., 1746 (Register 58: 136). Dow's History of Hampton does not men- tion any family of this name. William Hews was in Col. Moore's company whicli participated in the capture of Louisburg, 17 June, 1745. JOHN HUGHES was a merchant in Portsmouth 1732-3 (N. H. Provincial Deeds, 19: 413). DANIEL HUSE was a soldier in the company of Capt. John Webster, June-July, 1754, and marched to Contoocook. JOHN HUGH and MOSES HUSE were soldiers in the company commanded by John Hazzen in Goffe's regiment, whicli was in service about Lake Champlain in 1760, the former serving from 6 March to 30 November, and the latter at least until 23 October. They were probably from the vicinity of Plaistow. * [nhabitants of Rockingham county, bearing this name, are very likely of the Abel Huse family. OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE 441 JOHN HUE of Albany County, N. Y., bought land in Bath, N. H., in 1768, and, as John Hew, another parcel there the next year (N. H. Prov. Deeds, 80: 248, 493). In 1770 as of Newbury, N. Y., he bought land in Haverhill, N. H., and the same year was " of Haver- hill (Ibid., 80: 492, 494). SAMUEL HEWES of Boston, merchant, took a mortgage on land in Portsmouth in 1755, and JAMES HEWES of Boston, the distiller, had at an earlier date lived with the Scotch-Irish at Londonderry, as will be found in place. The heirs of JOSHUA HEWES, JR., had a share in Bedford when that township was laid out as one of the Nar- ragansett townships, but none of his descendants appear to have resided there. JOHN HUSE was master of the scow Phoenix, 65 tons, plantation built, which cleared for Cadiz from Portsmouth, N. H., 25 May, 1726 (Suffolk Files, 33,641). In October, 1718, John Hughs, master of the ship Revival, was fined at Boston for entering the ship Robert and Mary " with armed men in a riotous manner," and assaulting Robert Manderson, a sailor (Suffolk General Sessions). CLEMENT HUGHES, whose record follows, appears to have left no male issue. He was of Portsmouth, N. H., a merchant, with business connections in Salem and Boston, and probably elsewhere along the coast. His wife was Hannah (N. H. Deeds, 14: 359). In 1719, " Mr." Clement Hughes appears as one of the petitioners for a township above Kingston (Prov. Papers, 2: 699, 728). The next year he witnessed a deed in Salem. A statement of his account against Thomas Coats, covering the period 1709-1712, is preserved in Massa- chusetts Archives, 119; 246. In 1721 he bought land in Dover, N. H. (N. H. Deeds, 17: 154) and during several years, to 1728, he appears both as a purchaser and a grantor of lands in Newington, Chester, Hampton, Nottingham, Rochester, Dover, N. H. He was a grantee of Barrington. In the Probate records of York County, Me., his name appears as creditor to estates, and as late as 1743; although he had died prior to that date, for 7 August, 1742, Hannah Hughes 5 of Portsmouth, widow, sells to Daniel Warner land in Barrington (Deeds, 26: 97). Clement Hughes was one of the Portsmouth men sent to garrison the s In April, 1743, John Brown of Boston received into his house, Hannah Hughs, his wife's sister, and two children of Capt. Balden, from Portsmouth who came on a visit for three months. In May the Selectmen ordered that Brown he prosecuted for receiving into his house a woman from Portsmouth (Selectmen's records). 442 OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE fort at Newcastle in June, 1708 (Adj.-Gen.' Rpt., 2: p. 25). In 1718 he was Clerk of Courts, and in 1722 Commissioner of Excise for New Hampshire. Hannah Hewes owned the covenant with the North Church in Portsmouth 16 Oct., 1709, the same day her sons Clement and Charles were baptized. Children; from register of North Church: Clement, bapt. 16 Oct., 1709, son of Hannah Hewes. Charles, bapt. 16 Oct., 1709, son of Hannah Hewes. John, bapt. 8 April, 1711, son of Clement Hewes. Hannah, bapt. 26 April, 1713, daughter of Clement Hughes. Hannah (Hughes), bapt. 25 April, 1714; of Portsmouth, single woman, 17 Oct., 1761, when she, as "daughter of Clement Hughes, and his only surviving heir," sells land in Ports- mouth to Samuel Grindall of Portsmouth, mason (Deeds, 64; 256). She was living, unmarried, in 1783 (N. H. Town Papers, Vol. 9). Samuel (Hughes), bapt. 5 May, 1717. William (Hughes), bapt. 20 Aug., 1721. During the period in which the children of Clement and Hannah Hughes were baptized, Solomon Hewes also presented his many chil- dren for baptism. There appears no good reason to suppose that Sam- uel and William above were not children of Clement Hughes, but the record is silent concerning their parentage. William, son of Solomon Hewes, was an older man than he baptized in 1721. JOHN HUGHES (probably a descendant of Abel Huse) of Plaistow, N. H., removed to Essex county, Vermont, before the Revo- lution, or soon after its outbreak. He served with his two sons, John and James, in the frontier company commanded by Ward Bailey, from 14 April to 2 November, 1781, ranging the northern frontier and pro- tecting the Upper Coos country. The station of the Hughes' was at or near Guildhall, Vermont. (See pension case of John Hughes, also Vermont Rev. Rolls.) Children, born prior to 1773, the younger probably in Coos country, N.IL: James, born in Plaistow, 1760, was in the Revolution, and after its close settled in New York, where he was living in 1832, at Lima, Livingstone county. John, tx>rn at Plaistow, 19 May, 1762, died at Canaan, Vt., 15 Feb., 1851 ; married at Maidstone, Vt., 10 Dec, 1787. He was a Revolutionary soldi* r. OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE 443 Sally, born (1778 °) ; married [ ] French, and about 1842 or 1843 settled in Kennawha county, Wis., where she was living in 1851. Joab. Jesse. John Hughs and wife Anna, with their children, John, James, Sarah, Joab, and Jesse, from Haverhill, near the Coos, N. H., were "warned" by Groton in 1773 (Middlesex Sessions). The preceding December he had purchased of Ezekiel Haskell a farm on the Pep- perell road in Groton, containing 40 acres, paying therefor over .£300. This property he sold 7 April, 1777, to Sarah Edes of Groton, felt- maker, for £300 (Middlesex Deeds, 74:85, 78, 91). JAMES HUGHES (John) was a private in the regiment designated as Congress's Own Regiment, raised Jan., 1776, commanded by Col. Moses Hazen, and recruited from inhabitants of New Hampshire, the " Grants," Canada and with some Indians. He was of the company commanded by Captain James Heron and appears on a roll dated 8 Sept., 1788, as enlisted for the war. (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 4) John Hughes was a member of this regiment. Perhaps this was the same James Hughes who enlisted 14 April, 1781, and served until 2 Nov., 1781, and again from 12 March, 1782, to 1 Dec, 1782, in the company commanded by Lt. Ward Bailey, raised for the defence of the Upper Coos country and the frontier. John and John, Jr., were also of this command. See pension applica- tion of John Hughes, for deposition of James, who, in 1832, resided in Lima, New York (Vermont Rolls, pp. 521, 589). JOHN HUGHES ( John) of Averill, Essex County, Vermont, made application, 31 Oct., 1832, for a pension; setting forth that he was then aged 71 years, and that he enlisted March, 1780, at Guildhall, now Maidstone, Essex County, and served eight months in a company of Vermont state troops, commanded by Lt. Enoch Hall, which was stationed at Maidstone, and scouted between Guildhall and the Canada line for the protection of the inhabitants. His enlistment expired in November, 1780. He re-enlisted in March, 1781, at Maidstone, then called Guildhall, for eight months, under Lt. Ward Bailey, for the same duty and was discharged November, 1781. He re-enlisted 9 March, 1782, for eight months, in company com- manded by Lt. Ward Bailey, and performed the same duty, and was discharged November, 1782. e Sally's birth date is from her deposition in 1851. It is quite probable that she was the second child of that name. 444 OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE He refers to the pension application and declaration of Orsamus Bailey of Lemmington, Vt., wherein is filed a paper with the names of the company, order of the Board, etc. He was born at Plaistow, N. H, 19 May, 1762. Depositions of Jesse Hugh, Samuel Gates, Nathaniel Wait, who was of Brunswick, Vt., in 1780, and John Merrill of Brunswick, as to identity of applicant, that he was of Maidstone, and is now of Averill, etc. Nathaniel Wait of Brunswick deposed that in March, 1780, he moved into Maidstone, now Brunswick, and resided there until June, and he knew that Lt. Enoch Hall commanded a company of state troops in Guildhall, now called Maidstone, and that John Hughes was a soldier under said Hall, and in 1781, "I enlisted under Lt. Ward Bailey, who commanded a company of state troops in Guildhall, and Hughes was a soldier in the same company." James Hughes of Lima, Livingstone County, N. Y., aged 69, de- posed that he is a brother of John Hughes of Averhill, Vt., and that in 1780, and in March, the said John enlisted in the company of Lt. Hall, and this deponent served with John two months in the said company, and he had frequent letters from John and his father in the same com- pany. This deponent served above mentioned two months as a sub- stitute for his father, and his station was at Guildhall, now Maidstone. John is 70 years old on 10 May, 1832, and two years older (sic) than James. ] The pension of John Hughes was discontinued in 1835, because of information of one Temple, but was renewed. Harvey Hinman notified the Department 26 July, 1847, that a man named John Hughes is drawing a pension for services rendered in the last war with Great Britain, and he thinks no services were rendered. He writes from Canaan. In 1857, information was requested of the Department regarding the case of Abigail, widow of John Hughes of Canaan, Vt., now re- siding with her daughter in Stratford, N. H. She has a life interest in a farm in Canaan. Abigail Hugh of Canaan, Vt., aged 80 years, deposed 18 Nov., 1852, that she is the widow of John Hugh, a pensioner under the Act of 1832; that they were married 10 Dec, 1787, and that John died 15 Feb., 1851. She applies for a pension. Daniel C. Kimball of Maidstone certifies in 1851 that there were no records of marriage at Maidstone. Benjamin F. and Abigail Bailey of Lemmington depose that they have known John and Abigail Hughes fifteen years, and that they had raised a Large family of children. OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE 445 Sally French, aged 73, in 1851, deposed that she was present at the marriage of John Hughes, who was her brother, to Abigail Hall in 1786 or 1787- She now resides in " Kennorha " County, Wis., and has for seven years or more, but was formerly of Maidstone, Vt. Her brother and Abigail Hall were married at the residence of deponent's father at Maidstone by Ward Bailey, Esq., Justice of the Peace. Record taken from the town record of Colebrook, N. H., in 1853, gives the children of John Hugh and wife Abigail, as follows: Children: Sally, born 15 July, 1788. Permelia, born 31 Jan., 1790. Rhoda, born 16 Aug., 1792. Abigail, born 16 April, 1794. Margaret, born 16 Aug., 1795. Calvin, born 20 April, 1797- Laura, born 6 March, 1799. George, born 7 March, 1801. Mary, born 27 March, 1803. Lydia, born 28 Oct., 1807. Harriet, born 5 Feb., 1811. " As stated and recorded at the request of John Hugh and wife in 1811" (Widow, 3558). JOHN HUGHES was first lieutenant in the company commanded by Capt. Mathew McConnell, in the regiment commanded by Col. Moses Hazen, called Congress' Own Regiment, 8 Sept., 1778. This regiment was composed largely of men from New Hampshire and the " Grants " and was raised in Jan., 1776 (N. H. Rev. Rolls, IV, p. 298). RICHARD HUGHES of Amherst, N. H., was born in 1744. He was pensioned in 1818 and again made application in 1820, stating that he was living in Plymouth, N. H., aged 76 years, and that he had served as a sergeant in Capt. Isaac Fry's company, Col. Scammell's regiment in the New Hampshire line, as per his original declaration made 29 April, 1818. He was by trade a cordwainer, and before getting his pension was assisted by the town. He participated in the battles of Hubberton, both battles of Stillwater, Monmouth and New- town. He was discharged at Danbury, Conn., 20 March, 1780. The discharge itself is on file, signed by Daniel Livermore, commanding officer, from which it appears that Hughes was formerly of the " parish of Amherst," N. H., and having served three full years is honorably discharged as sergeant 3d N. H. regiment (Invalid, 44,452). 446 OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE New Hampshire Revolutionary Rolls show that he enlisted 23 May, 1775, in Col. James Reid's regiment, serving in company of Capt. L. Spaulding of Lyndeborough. This regiment was in the battle of Bunker Hill. He enlisted 18 March, 1777, as sergeant, in Capt. Frye's company, 3d N. H., and served until 20 March, 1780. His name also appears as a member of the same regiment, in company commanded by Capt. Ellis and Capt. Gilman, credited with service to 1 Jan., 1781, and reported enlisted 1 Jan., 1780. As no reference is made by the pensioner to this last service it is possible another person of the same name enlisted in the regiment 1 Jan., 1780, and served one year. JOSEPH HUSE was a member of the militia regiment of Col. Daniel Moor, which included Dunbarton, etc., and was " raised " out of that regiment to serve in company of Capt. Samuel McConnell, which marched to New York, Sept., 1776, to re-enforce the army. Attached to Baldwin's regiment. Discharged in December. Par- ticipated in battle of White Plains (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 1). Another Joseph Huse was drafted out of Col. Stickney's or Col. Badger's regiment, and enlisted in Capt. John Moody's company, Baldwin's regiment, and served from September to December, 1776, at and about White Plains (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 1). THOMAS HUSE of Dunbarton was on roll of company com- manded by Capt. John Moore, Col. Stark's regiment, at Cambridge, Aug., 1775 (probably had participated in battle of Bunker Hill), and later in October was in McLaughlin's company. In July, 1776, he enlisted for Canada, in company commanded by Capt. William Bar- ron, Wingate's regiment (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 1). He was a grantee of the township in 1752. His children, as given in Stark's History of Dunbarton, were as follows : Sarah, born 4 Nov., 1778. Seth, born 30 June, 1782. Betty, born 4 Aug., 1784. James, born 10 Aug., 1786. Thomas, born 30 July, 1788. Hannah, born 11 Nov., 1790. Lydia, born 19 Feb., 1793. Anna, born 2 March, 1795. Cyrene, born 13 Nov., 1798. Seth, born 5 June, 1802. OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE 447 JONATHAN HUGHES of Londonderry, served 18 July to 27 Sept., 1777, as ensign in Col. Moses Nichol's regiment in Stark's brigade (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 2). There was a JOHN HUGHES of Londonderry in 1769, 1776, and 1786. Another JONATHAN HUGHES enlisted 8 Sept., and served until 16 Dec., 1777, in the company commanded by Capt. Ezra Currier, Col. A. Drake's regiment of militia which marched to re-enforce the northern army at Saratoga (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 2). JONATHAN HUSE of Sandown, husbandman, aged 29, enlisted in company commanded by Capt. P. Tilton in Col. Poor's regiment 25 May, 1775, and was in service Oct., 1775 (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 1). JONATHAN HUSE of! Sandown was mustered October, 1777, for Col. Drake's regiment (N. H. Rev. Rolls, 2). JOHN HUGHES of Windham, N. H., said to have been christened Daniel, and to have deserted the British army at Boston, and sought and received refuge at Londonderry, where the ridiculous story places him in hiding while the soldiers searched for him. The British found Concord a limit to their strolls into the country, and any deserter reaching Londonderry might have considered himself safe, unless per- chance he had deserted from the other army. This John was a poor man, a weaver, and died 7 Oct., 1819, aged 75. He married Mehit- able Buzwell of Kingston, who died 6 Dec., 1845, aged 98. Children : William, removed to New York, where he died. Elizabeth, married John Hopkins. Sarah, married James Wilson. Anna, married Ebenezer Gregg of Derry. Polly, married Joseph Proctor. Barhet, born 1 May, 1779; died 23 March, 1858; married 20 Dec, 1804, Jane Wilson, daughter of John and Agnes (Grimes) Wilson. John, born Aug., 1781, died March, 1851. Hannah, married James Patterson; married, second, Thomas Tilden of Boston. Mehitable, died aged 16. Margaret, born 15 June, 1788; married William Campbell. (Morrison's " History of Windham, N. H.") 448 OTHER FAMILIES — NEW HAMPSHIRE Newington, N. H, church records record the marriages of MAR- GARET HUE to William Caverly, both of Portsmouth, 13 Oct., 1748, and KATHERINE HUE to Elias Parcher, 3 Dec, 1747. JOHN HUGHES enlisted for one year as a seaman on the Conti- nental frigate Raleigh. The following notes concern persons who probably are descendants of Abel Huse: Lydia, baptized 21 April, 1745, daughter of Thomas Huse (Haverhill Vital Records). John Perkins, son of Sargent and Olley Hewes, was born 4 Aug., 1771 at Epping, N. H. William Huse and Rachel Brier who married 18 July, 1780, at Epping. Ebenezer Huse of Amesbury and Eliza Peaslee of New Town were married at Kingston, N. H, 28 Nov., 1805. John Jameson and Hannah Huse were married 3 March, 1753, at Kingston. Nathaniel Ingalls and Abegail Huse were married 25 Sept., 1759, at Kingston. In 1804 Capt. Huse was commander of the military company in Haverhill, Mass. Samuel Huse of Kingston, N. H, signed a militia petition in 1784. James Huse was of Hamstead, N. H, in 1785. Moses Huse was a member of Capt. Adams' train band at Henniker, N. H, in 1776. Abel and Isaac Huse were of Manchester, N. H., 1794. Thomas Huse of Goffstown, N. H, opposed the petition of the Pres- byterians for a division of the parish. VERMONT 7 The name of TIMOTHY HUGH appears on the roll of a com- pany of militia under command of Capt. M. Dudley, in the regiment commanded by Col. J. Abbot, which served four days at the time of the alarm at Castleton, October, 1781 (Vermont Revolutionary Rolls). The other mention of persons of this name on the Revolutionary Rolls are of N«w Hampshire men, and should be sought in place. In the Census of Pensioners taken in 1840 there appear the names of: BETSY HEWES, aged 81, living with Daniel Menard at Nor- wich, Vt. (See Samuel, No. 62, descendants of Joshua Hewes.) WILLIAM HEWES, aged 79, living with BENJAMIN HEWES at Milton, Vt. 7 Vermont records have not been examined, but undoubtedly search of town and county records in Vermont would reveal many persons living there bear- ing the surname Hewes or Hughes. 449 MAINE Besides Emanuel Hughes, mentioned under Plymouth, who was at Kennebec River in 1654, there was a ROBERT HUGHES, a mariner or fisherman, who, 24 Oct., 1663, testified at Boston that he paid Dr. George Jackson =£5, part payment of his cure by Jackson at Pemiquid, the same being paid in fish by the hand of William Pow (Suffolk Files, 2174). Nothing further is known of this man. THOMAS HUES and Daniel Wakley, by order of the Committee now sitting at Falmouth by order of the Council at Boston, gave receipt for one barrel of powder to Mr. James Andrews, Sr., of Falmouth, 21 Oct., 1675 (Baxter Mss., VI,), and he was undoubtedly the Thomas Hues who signed the petition to the Governor and Council seeking to have George Ingersoll, Sr., superseded in his command in the local military company, 2 Feb., 1675-6 (Ibid., IV). He may have retired to Massachusetts during the Indian war, as did so many of the coast of Maine settlers. A Thomas Hewes (19) was buried in Boston 15 Sept., 1713 (Sexton's Bills, Boston). ARTHUR HEWES of Saco was probably that Hewes who was among those appointed to seats in the meeting house at Biddeford in 1666. He was taxed in Saco, 1670 (Folsom: History of Saco and Bid- deford). In 1675 he was driven by fear of the Indians to take ref- uge at Salem; but in 1685 had returned to Maine, and is found in debt to the estate of George Munjoy for <£4. He finally settled in Portsmouth, N. H., where, calling himself Arthur Hewes, Sr., of Portsmouth, planter, 20 Jan., 1693-4, with wife Sarah, late widow of Samson Angier of York, and as administrators of said Angier's estate, " being both of us ancient," he deeded to John Partridge of Portsmouth, all the estate our " predessessor had in York, for a valuable sum of money paid for our future sustenance " (York Deeds, 5:1, 95). On the 15 June, 1695, Arthur Hughes, late of Saco, at " president " in Portsmouth, and his now wife Sarah, for £6, sell to " my said son, Arthur Hughes," land on the east side of Saco River, " and we have good right to dispose of said land, as by our deed from John Bonighton of Saco, dated 24 May, 1694." The deed from Bonighton, was in consideration of £3-10-00, paid by Arthur Hughes, late of Saco (Ibid., 106). Arthur Hues, Sr., was summoned, according to order of court, 6 April, 1696 (N. H. Pro- vincial Papers, 2: 182). 450 OTHER FAMILIES — MAINE 451 Child: Arthur, of Newcastle, N. H., 1693, when he served as a soldier. He was one of the garrison of Fort William and Mary in 1697 (N. H. Rev. Rolls, IV); married at Boston 15 Aug., 1698, to Ruth Boulton of Boston. He sold to John Atkinson, Sr., of Newbury, feltmaker, land in New- bury (Essex Deeds, 32:198). Ruth was daughter of William and Mary (Dennison) Bolton of Newbury, born there 1 Aug., 1667. Her father died 1694 (Coffin's New- bury). Arthur Hewes, Rosamon Carr, Thomas Jennings and Nicholas Norris, soldiers under the command of Capt. Shadrack Walton and Nathaniel Ware, were paid £6-16-5 by the treasurer of Massachusetts (Treasurer's Records, June, 1693,-June, 1694, in Archives, 122; 23). There is no further mention of this family on Massachusetts records. A family was later settled at Pepperell- boro, Me., which is now represented by the modern Saco. The earliest mention of the name on the records there is the entry of the marriage intention of John Hughes (22) of Pepperellboro, with Eunice Merell of Arundel, 14 Oct., 1798. They were married at Arundel 7 Jan., 1799. Other marriage records of the family are found later, one being that of Richard Hughes. Andrew W. Hewes, who was a prominent man in Saco, was a member of the firm of Littlefield and Hewes, manufac- turers of reels. He was Common Councilman 1873, 1874; Assessor, Street Commissioner, " one of the best Saco ever had," 1885, 1888, 1893, and for a long time one of the Registrars of voters. He was a native of Saco, and died there aged 63, leaving a widow, three sons and two daugh- ters (newspaper clipping, undated). Perhaps members of this family were William Hughes, who worked 14 days building the block-house at Little Falls on the Saco (now Dayton), in 1730 (Ridlon: Saco Valley Settlements). William Hughes, probably of York, had wife Ruth. On 3 Nov., 1724, they deposed they heard James FitzHenry, before he was killed by the Indians, declare he intended to marry Jannet McCulland, and gave her his estate (York Wills, 3: 163). John Hughes, a schoolmaster in Kittery in 1732. John Hughe served from 12 April to 20 Nov., 1782, in Ulmer's Company, Col. J. Hunter's regiment (Mass. Rev. Rolls). Hannah Hughes, called sister by John Thompson of Kit- tery in his will, 1751 (York Wills). 452 OTHER FAMILIES — MAINE MAJOR HUES 8 of Wiscassett died 15 Dec, 1805, leaving a widow, Jemima, who died 16 Sept., 1823, aged 82. They were probably the parents of John Hues, Jr., who died 14 Sept., 1796 (Gravestones at Wiscassett, in Maine Hist. Geneal. Recorder, 8:75). NICHOLAS HUGHES, schoolmaster at North Yarmouth in 1770, was of Irish birth (Mayflower Descendant, 1 :35) probably the Nicholas of Windham or Falmouth, who served in Mayberry's company in Francis' and Tupper's regiment 12 Jan., 1777, to 1 July, 1778, when he died (Mass. Rev. Rolls). ROBERT HUES died 17 Feb., 1723, in the service at the Eastward, as reported by Col. Thomas Westbrook from Falmouth, 2 June, 1724 (N. E. H. G. Reg., 45:219), may have been a Maine man, or recruited in Massachusetts. He had previously served 2 May to 14 November, as sentinel, in a company commanded by Capt. Joseph Heath, which served in Maine (Mass. Archives, 91 :39, 41). Widow Grace Hews married 17 Feb., 1814, Robert Jameson and died aged 88 (Redlon: Saco Valley Settlements). 8 His name appears on Mass. Rev. Rolls as Hews and Huse. He was commissioned major in the 1st Lincoln regiment 14 Feb., 1776, commanded by Col. McCobb., and resigned 30 March, 1778, on account of ill health. He was then of Pownalboro. John Huse of Pownalboro is enumerated in a cen- sus of that place in June, 1776. His family consisted of himself and four females of whom one was over and three under sixteen years of age (Archives, 118: 196). RHODE ISLAND LEWIS HUES married Martha Hazard, widow of Thomas Hazard of Portsmouth, R. I., about 1690, and absconded with her property. See under Connecticut. Besides this " stray," there was a family in Newport, of which but scanty records are obtainable. JOSEPH HUES married Mary George 5 Jan., 1743-4. Thomas Hues was baptized 2 Sept., 1753, and Mary Hues 10 Feb., 1751. A sampler made by her in her thirteenth year is in possession of E.C.M.F.," 9 Frances Hues, said to be a daughter of Josephine and Mary (George) Hughes, married 9 May, 1781, John Luther, son of Nathaniel Luther. Deborah Hues married 4 Nov., 1723, Thomas Huxham (Trinity Church Records). CAPT. THOMAS HUGHES, son of Capt. Joseph Hughes, of Newport, deceased, married at Warwick, Welthian Greene, daughter of Col. Christopher Greene, 27 Feb., 1782. Capt. Thomas Hughes applied for a pension 7 July, 1820, when he was aged 68 years and a resident of Warwick, R. I. He declares that he served from the beginning to the end of the War as an officer, is deeply in debt, has no property or business, and that his wife and one daughter rely on him for support. He was born in Newport 30 May, 1752, and entered the army 12 May, 1775, as an ensign in Col. Churche's regiment, in which he served until 1 Jan., 1776, when he was promoted lieutenant in Hitchcock's regiment, and was promoted captain June, 1777, and so served to the end of the War. He was severely wounded at the Battle of Long Island, 27 Aug., 1776, by a musket ball through the hips, and was disabled until November, 1777, when he again joined his regiment. He has never entirely recovered from this wound. From the Regimental book of the regiment it appears that Thomas Hughes was promoted captain 23 June, 1777, and served in the regi^ ment successively commanded by Cols. Israel Angell, Christopher Greene, and Jeremiah Olney in the Rhode Island line on the Conti- nental establishment, until 15 June, 1783, when he received a furlough. He was pensioned in 1818. His widow Welthian was pensioned in 1836 (Widow, 23,373). » E. C. M. F. in Transcript Queries, Jan. 18, 1910. 453 454 OTHER FAMILIES — RHODE ISLAND At Warwick 19 Feb., 1809, was married Phebe Hughes to Jeremiah Greene. DR. JOSEPH HEWES of Providence, and his nephew Joseph will be found in place under the descendants of George Hewes of Salisbury. The later records of Providence are liberally sprinkled with entries of the name Hughes, but in no instance, from an inspec- tion of the names, or from knowledge of the families mentioned in this work, are they probably other than immigrants of the present century. WILLIAM HEWS was married to Abigail Teal, 10 Dec, 1790, at Providence (West Side Cong. Church) and CLOE HEWES married John Reed 6 June, 1773 (St. John's Church, Providence). SPICER HEWES 10 of Barrington, whose record follows, was originally from Massachusetts. The marriage of " Spicer Hughes of Rehoboth " to Mary Munro of Swanzey is found on Rehoboth records as of 14 April, 1763. In the Census of 1790 Spicer Hewes is enumerated as having a fam- ily of one male over 16 (himself) one male under 16, and two females. Spicer Hewes and wife Mary deed land 1769 (Bristol Deeds). Children: Joseph, "of Spurr and Mary," born 11 Oct., 1780 (Barring- ton Records, printed by Arnold. Spurr is probably mis- reading for Spicer). Barrington records also give the marriage of ELIZABETH HEWS to Squire Allen, 26 Dec, 1790. EDMUND HEWES X1 of Providence, a blacksmith, sued George Johnson of Salem, butcher, and Zachariah Sims of Boston, victualler, 6 Dec, 1728. The defendant Sims produced a license from Hewes that he should be allowed to pursue his business for three years, and obtained costs, on which execution was issued 25 March, 1730 (Suffolk Court Common Pleas). io " Molly reputed daughter of Spicer Hughes and Mary Young born 25 Oct., 1757" (Rehoboth records). ii There was an Edmund Hughes who married in Thompson, Conn., Eliza- beth Stevens, 27 March, 1739. SOLDIERS IN COLONIAL WARS FROM NEW ENGLAND The references are to volume and folio in Massachusetts Archives. Arthur Hewes, served under Capt. Shadrack Walton and Nathaniel Ware. Paid 1693-4. (Treasurer's Accounts Archives, 122:23.) Benjamin Hews, served in the expedition against Crown Point, 1755, in company commanded by Major Stephen Miller, Col. Josiah Brown's regiment. Suffolk Co. return dated 29 Sept., 1755 (93:211). Benjamin Hews, enlisted 2 May, 1758, served in company com- manded by Capt. Cox, Ruggles' regiment. Return dated 23 May, 1758. Signed a roll dated Northampton, 30 May (96:99). Benjamin Huse, of Attleboro, member of the train band commanded by Capt. Jos. Capron 8 April, 1757 (95: 259). Benjamin Hewes, of Attleboro, enlisted 5 May, and served until 14 Dec, 1759, in company commanded by Capt. Thomas Cole in the Crown Point expedition (97:374). Benjamin Hewes, of Medfield, enlisted 2 April, 1759, served until 21 Nov., 1760, in company commanded by Capt. Thomas Cheever, stationed at Fort Cumberland (98:215). Benjamin Hewes, served from 1 Jan., 1760, until 21 Nov., 1760, in company commanded by Capt. Cheever, Fry's regiment, stationed in Nova Scotia (98:440). This was probably a re-enlistment. Carr Huse, of Newbury train band, 13 July, 1757 (95:416). En- listed 14 April, 1768, and served until 5 Nov., in company commanded by Capt. Joseph Newhall, Col. Jonathan Bagley's regiment raised for the reduction of Canada (96:225, 518). Enlisted 24 March, 1760, also given 1 8 March, aged 20, of Newbury, and served in company com- manded by Capt. Stickney, Col. Ingersoll's regiment. Marched through Bedford, Oct., 1760 (98:25, 26, 186). Appears with rank of corporal on roll of company commanded by Capt. Anthony Stickney, from 27 March to 10 Dec, 1760, and credited with 225 miles' travel home (97:384). Daniel Huse, marched to Contoocook, June-July, 1754, in company of Capt. John Webster (Adj.-Gen. Rpt., N. H.). Probably from near Kingston. 455 456 COLONIAL WAR SOLDIERS Daniel Huse, of Sandtown, served from 21 March to 24 Oct., 1757, in company commanded by Capt. Israel Davis, which was included in the capitulation of Ft. William Henry (96:21). Daniel Hews, on list of alarm men between 16 and 60 years in Stoughton, 27 April, 1757 (95:328). Daniel Huse enlisted 2 May, 1758, for expedition against Canada, in company commanded by Capt. Samuel Glover, Col. Joseph Williams' Regiment. Autograph affixed to pay roll (97:77). Daniel Hews, enlisted 3 Aug., served until 9 Dec, 1758, as centinel in company commanded by John North. On detachment sent to Pemaquid from the Castle by the Governor (96:502). David Hughes, enlisted 14 July (probably 1761), aged 24, of Boston (98:435). Marked as deserted on roll dated 10 April, 1762, company commanded by Capt. Edward Blake (99:162). Elijah Hews, enlisted out of a company in Col. Miller's regiment for expedition against Crown Point and served in company com- manded by Capt. Jeduthan Baldwin, Col. Jonathan Brown's regiment, on roll dated 30 Sept., 1755 (93:45). Elihu Hewes, aged 33, of Ipswich, enlisted 2 April, 1759, for expedition against Canada; had served in 1758 at Lake George. 1759 service was with regiment commanded by Col. Daniel Appleton (97:110). Re-enlisted 2 Nov., 1759, and served until 7 Dec, 1760, in company commanded by Capt. Stephen Whipple, as ensign (98:380). Elihu Hewes, a mason, was paid <£l-16 for six days' work repairing Fort Pownall, May, 1774 (99:465). Elisha Hews, ensign in company commanded by Capt. Stephen Whipple, Col. Bagley's regiment, 1 Jan., to 7 Dec, 1760, at Louis- burg (98:493). See Elihu above. George Hewes, 18 May, 1678. The name of George Hewes ap- pears in the list of soldiers that were in the Falls Fight under Capt. Wm. Turner, 18 May, 1678, in the list prepared by Committee of Gen- eral Court for grant of township; but no claimant had appeared to 1741. His residence is given as Springfield. Bodge, page 247, lists him as of Springfield, and as slain. A John Hughes was of the Hat- field soldiers under Turner's command 7 April, 1676, and probably participated in the P'alls Fight, but name is not on list, so he may not have been of the volunteers. Possibly John and George are the same persons. See Bodge, pp. 241, 3. James Hughes, of Boston, served in Canada, 1690 (Boston Treas- urer's Records). James Hughes, enlisted 3 Sept., served until 12 Sept., 1765, recruit for Castle William (99:316). NEW ENGLAND 457 Jeremiah Hugh, in company of New England troops, in Col. Sir Charles Hobby's regiment and company at Annapolis Royal, 10 Oct., 1710, to 10 Oct., 1711 (91:12). John Hughes, a soldier in Turner's command at Hatfield from Dec, 1675, to April, 1676, perhaps was in the Falls Fight, but not in the list. Was he a son of William Hughes of Lynn? Johan Hues on a roll of men raised by John Wendell, dated 14 July, 1756; probably assigned to Lt. Amasa Delano, in expedition against Crown Point (91:271). John Huse, of Chester, enlisted 29 April, served until 6 July, 1755, in company commanded by Capt. John Tappen in Crown Point Expe- dition (94:36). John Hews, of Haverhill, enlisted 25 March, served until 5 Decem- ber, 1759, in command of Lt. Joseph Ingell, in expedition against Crown Point (97:354). John Hews, of Newbury, aged 18, enlisted 27 March, 1759, in regi- ment commanded by Col. Joseph Gerrish, Jr. ; described as a servant to Samuel Toppan (97:108). John Hews, of Newbury, enlisted 23 March, 1762, served until 4 Jan., 1763, under command of Henry Young Brown, Esq., Described as son of Ebenezer Hews (99:207). John Huse, in company commanded by Capt. Herrick, Col. Preble's regiment, 1758 (96:217). John Hues enlisted 12 April, in service 28 May, 1758, in company commanded by Capt. Samuel Glover in expedition against Canada. Autograph (97:74). John Hewes enlisted 2 April, served until 1 Nov., 1759, in com- pany commanded by Capt. Andrew Giddings, Col. Jonathan Bagley's regiment (97:283). John Hews on billeting roll of company commanded by Capt. Richards, Col. Joseph Williams' regiment. Men returning from Can- ada passing through Sudbury, 1758 (96:253, 267). John Huse, of Haverhill, physician, on alarm list of the First Com- pany in Haverhill commanded by Benj. Gale, Lt.-Col. John Osgood's company 18 April, 1757 (95:288). John Hughes enlisted 12 Sept., 1760, in service 13 Nov., 1760; ship King George, under command of Capt. Benj. Hallowell, Jr. (98:209). John Hugh, in company of Capt. John Hazzen, Col. Goffe's regiment, at Albany, 1 Nov., 1760. Enlisted 6 March, discharged 458 COLONIAL WAR SOLDIERS 30 Nov., 1760. Probably from vicinity of Plaistow, N. H. (N. H. Rolls, Adj.-Gen. Rpt.). John Hugh, of Plaistow, enlisted 14 June, 1756, served until 1 Dec, 1756, in Crown Point Expedition, in company of Capt. Edmund Mooers: 16 days' travel allowed (95:111). Also on roll dated 26 July, 1756, described as of Boston, from Col. Wendell's regiment, enlisted in Capt. Edmund Mooers' Company, Col. John Plaisted's regiment (94:347.) At Fort William Henry 11 Oct., 1756 (94:505). John Hewes of Marblehead, enlisted 12 May, 1758, served until discharged, 1 Nov., 1758, in company commanded by Capt. Jeremiah Richards, Col. Joseph Williams' regiment (96:440). John Hewes, of Salem, enlisted 2 April, 1759, for invasion of Canada, aged 18 years, served in 1758 at Lake George (97:92). John Hewes, on pay roll dated Boston, 25 March, 1762, of company commanded by Capt. Moses Hart. Described as enlisted 21 July, and served until 6 Dec, 1761, and as residing in Lynn (99:118). The last three records are undoubtedly of the same man, i. e. John Hewes of Lynnfield, known to have been in the French and Indian War, and born 1741, and during his minority bound out to some farmer in that vicinity. Joseph Huse, in company (train band) commanded by Major Joseph Coffin, at Newbury, 13 July, 1757 (95:415). Joseph Huse, on billeting roll of Capt. Edmund Mooers, Col. Bag- ley's regiment 1758 (96:224). Joseph Huse, a captain of the First Newburyport company, Col. Jonathan Bagley's regiment militia (2 Regt.), July, 1771 (99:404). Joshua Hews, served as armorer in the expedition against Canada, from 21 July to 15 Oct., 1711 (Mass. Treasurer's Accounts: Archives, 122: 394). Moses Huse, at Albany, Nov., 1760, in company of Capt. John Haz- zen, Col. Goffe's regiment. Enlisted 6 March, discharged 23 Oct., 1760 (N. H. Adj.-Gen. Rpt.). Probably from vicinity of Plaistow, or farther east. Nathan Huse, physician, Amcsbury. On alarm list of company militia commanded by Capt. Richard Kelly, June, 1757 (95:426). Nathaniel Hewes, of Palmer, enlisted 5 March, served until 25 Nov., 1760, as centinel in company commanded by Capt. Trustrinn Davis (98:273). Nathaniel Hews, aged 85, l><>ni in Palmer, mustered 19 April, 1760, for reduction of Canada. Received £10, and L'() note (98:10). Robert Hughs, served from 10 Oct., 1710, until 10 Oct., 1711, in NEW ENGLAND 459 company of New England troops, commanded by Capt. James Aber- crombie, at Annapolis Royal (91 :6). Robert Hewghs, enlisted 19 July, served until 14 Nov., 1722, as centinel in company commanded by Capt. Joseph Heath (91:40). Robert Hewes, on alarm list of company in 12 District, Boston, Dec, 1754 (93:147A). Robert Hughs, of Boston, enlisted 28 May, served until 14 July, 1762, in company commanded by Capt. Abel Keen (99:225). Robert Huse, of Ipswich, enlisted 22 May, served until 13 Dec, 1761, in company commanded by Capt. Gideon Parker, described as son of or servant to Abel Huse (99:111). Re-enlisted 13 Dec, 1761, and served until 27 May, 1762, described as son or servant to H. Huse of Ipswich (99:181). Robert Hews served under command of Capt. James Abercrombie in the reduction of Port Royal, 10 Oct., 1710, 10 Oct., 1711 (N. H. Rev. Rolls, I.), paid 1713-4 (Treasurer's Accounts; Archives, 122:421). Robert Hues, died 17 Feb., 1723, in service at the Eastward. Re- turn by Col. Thomas Westbrookj from Falmouth, 2 June, 1724 (N. E. H. Gen. Reg., 45:219). His name appears in the muster roll of com- pany commanded by Capt. Joseph Heath, 2 May to 14 Nov., 1722, as centinel. They served in Maine (Mass. Archives, 91 :39, 41). 1733-4, Robert Huse paid for arms (Archives, 123:471). Samuel Huse, of Methuen appears on the alarm list of Capt. Daniel Bodwell, 19 April, 1757 (Archives, 95:293). As servant or son of Samuel Huse enlisted 1 May, and served until 12 Nov., 1758, under Capt. Samuel Foster (Archives, 96:453). He may have been the Samuel Huse, Jr., who was on Bodwell's alarm list 19 April, 1757 (Archives, 95:297). Foster's company was in Col. Ebenezer Nichol's regiment (Archives, 96:263, and 97:45). Samuel Huse, born Newbury, aged 17, grandson of Charles Chase, enlisted 3 March, 1760, for the reduction of Canada, and served under Capt. William Davenport (Archives, 97:417). Samuel Huse, enlisted 9 May, and served until 14 Nov., 1759, under command of Capt. William Davenport, and served " up the river St. Lawrence" (Archives, 97:325). Samuel Huse, of Newbury, servant of Charles Chase, enlisted 14 March, served until 10 December, 1760, under Capt. Anthony Stickney. Allowed 225 miles' travel home (Archives, 97:386). Probably same man as grandson of Charles Chase. Samuel Hews of Newbury, son of Joseph Hewes, enlisted 23 March, 460 COLONIAL WAR SOLDIERS and served until 18 Nov., 1762, under command of Henry Young Brown, Esq. (Archives, 99:207). Samuel Hews, served at Louisburg 1 Jan., 1760, to 12 Jan., 1761, under command of Capt. Edmund Moore, Col. Bagley's regiment (Archives, 98:477). Samuel Huse, of Methuen, served in Edmund Moore's company, Bagley's regiment, 12 Nov. to 12 Jan., 1761 (Archives, 98:368). Sargent Huse, served in Capt. Samuel George's company, Col. Bag- ley's regiment, in 1758, also as Hues (Archives, 96:229, 315; 97:40). Probably of Amesbury. Also appears in the train band commanded by Capt. Richard Kelly, 1757 (Archives, 95:425). Stephen Huse, doctor, appears on the alarm list of Lt. Benjamin Gale, of Haverhill, 18 April, 1757 (Archives, 95:288). [Note: — Stephen Hawes of Stoughton, also appears in 1757, on the rolls as Hewes (Archives, 95:66).] Thomas Hewes, a soldier, paid 1693-4 (Treasurer's Accounts; Archives 122:23). Thomas Huse, a sentinel in company commanded by Capt. John Wheelwright, from 22 Aug., to 27 Nov., 1722 (Archives, 91:59). Thomas Hewes, of Boston, a gunner, aged 22, enlisted 8 May, 1756, in train of artillery, commanded by Col. Richard Gridley, and in Gridley's own company. Discharged 29 Nov., 1756. (Archives, 94: 202-4; 95:190). Thomas Hewes, empressed out of the Boston regiment, 22 April, 1756, for the Crown Point Expedition, under command of Gen. Wins- low (Archives, 94:234). Thomas Hugh, a carpenter at Lake George, in company of carpen- ters building vessels, etc., 13^ days, 1756 (Archives, 95:199). Will Hews, a centinel, in company commanded by Capt. Robert Temple, enlisted 26 June, served until 10 Dec, 1722 (Archives, 91 :80). William Hughes, of Salem, enlisted 29 May and served until 19 Nov., 1725, Lt. Allison Brown's company, re-enlisted 23 Oct. and served until 12 June, as centinel, in same company (Archives, 91:45, 121). William Hews, of Stoughton, on alarm list of Capt. Ebenezer Mann, Col. Mellen's regiment, 27 April, 1757 (Archives, 95:328). William Hews, in a list of officers and men who came in sloop Prosperous, from Ft. Cumberland, Chinecto, to Boston, Nov., 1760 (Archives, 97:43-4a). William Hughes, enlisted 4 Sept., 1765, as recruit for Castle William, raised by Richard Saltonstall and Francis Miller (Archives, 99:316). NEW ENGLAND 461 William Hughes, " a poor sailor, very old," lately arrived from the expedition against the Spanish West Indies, received into the alms- house (Boston Selectmens' Records, Sept., 1743). " Mr. Hughs," a soldier, arrived from Nova Scotia in schooner Molly, 13 Dec, 1768. Perhaps connected with the 14th regiment. (Boston Rec. Com. 29th Rpt.) Ensign Hews, 1759-60, at Louisburg, with Massachusetts troops. William Hughes, worked 14 days building the blockhouse at Little Falls on the Saco (now Dayton) in 1730 (Ridlon: Saco Valley Settle- ments). William Hughes, a soldier in Capt. Moore's company in the N. H. regiment at Louisburg, 1745 (N. E. H. G. Reg., 25:267). PENNSYLVANIA 17 John Hughes, who settled in Upper Merion, Perm., came to that colony about 1680, it is said from Merionethshire, Wales. He is said to have had a brother Rowland, born in Anglesea, who died in Alnwick about 1741. The above is tradition. John, the emigrant, married Jane Evans. Their son Hugh, born 1671, was a tanner, and he and his wife, Martha Jones, were ancestors of an important Pennsylvania and New York family, exhaustively treated of in the " Holstein Family History." John Hughes, a grandson of the emigrant, born 1712, died 1772, was stamp officer. He married Sarah Jones. Their son, Col. Isaac Hughes, died 26 April, 1782, aged 34 years, 4 months; married 5 October, 1769, Hannah Holstein, daughter of Matthias and Magda- lena Holstein. Col. Hugh Hughes of New York, commissary in the Revolution, was of this family. His sons were General James Miles Hughes and Col. Peter Hughes, valuable officers. " Capt." James Miles Hughes was in the Continental service, and died 27 Dec, 1802. He served in Malcom's regiment, and as aide-de-camp to Gen. Gates, and was one of the original members of the New York Society of the Cincinnati. John Hughes, captain in the 1st Penn. line, resided in Washington County, Penn., 11 April, 1818, when he was aged 67 and an applicant for a pension. According to his great-granddaughter, Miss Dollie E. Hughes, of Ft. Madison, Iowa, in 1901, he was of Scotch-Irish origin, and born in Chester County. His declaration sets forth that he en- listed Jan., 1776, as 3d lieutenant in the 6th Pennsylvania regiment on the Continental establishment, and marched to Canada before the Declaration of Independence, and continuing in service rose through the grades as follows: 1777, 2d lieutenant 1st Penn.; 1779, Captain- lieutenant; 1780, Captain, and so served until 3 July, 1783. He died 15 Sept., 1818. In 1836 his son sought information regarding his service. (Invalid, 39:753.) A John Hughes, lieutenant in the 4th Penn. regiment, was one of the original members of the Pennsylvania Society of the Cincinnati. it Rev, Richard Cecil Hughes bom 1861, president of Tabor College, is descended from ;i Pennsylvania family, his first American ancestor being a Rev. William Hughes, said to have died in Pennsylvania, in 1770, al the age of "ii" hundred \ ears. 162 OTHER FAMILIES — PENNSYLVANIA 463 Henry Hughs served in the army from the state of Virginia, but after his death his discharge was lost. His service extended through two years, but he had not received a pension. In 1843 his widow Kasia, then living in Lawrence County, 111., aged 8-1 and over, applied for a pension. She further stated they were married in Washington County, Pennsylvania, 9 June, 1789, and lived there eight or nine years, thence moving to Scioto County, Ohio, and there Henry died 19 April, 1812, and in 1840 Kasia moved with her son to Lawrence County, 111. (Rejected, 5353.) Their children were: Anne, deceased, born 24 April, 1790. Nathan, born 4 Nov., 1792. Catherine, born 28 Nov., 1794. Hugh, born 12 July, 1796. Robert, born 26 July, 1798. Henry, born 21 Nov., 1799. Andrew Hughes, born near Lancaster, Pa., 4 April, 1755, of Pick- ens District, S. C, in Oct., 1834, aged 79 years, made application for pension. Soon after the Declaration of Independence a liberty pole was reared at Capt. Jewet's muster ground in Caswell County, N. C, and Hughes there volunteered in a foot company. He returned home to Orangeburg County, N. C, and enlisted under Capt. Thomas Flack. Col. Jas. Lack, under Gen. Rutherford, the year not recalled, went to the overhill towns in the Cherokee nation, and served six months. He again volunteered and enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Wads- worth Tate, Col. Maban's regiment, under Gen. Butler, and marched to Crosscreek, where they defeated the Scotch and Tories below Cross- creek. Served three months. Again volunteered under Capt. W. Tate, Major Dickson's command, and marched to Pine-tree, now Cam- den, and went into winter quarters. Served three months. He again volunteered under Capt. Jemison, Col. Little's regiment, and marched to Charleston, S. C, thence to Puersburg, and there heard that the British had captured Savannah. They marched up the Savannah River on the South Carolina side, while the British marched up on the other bank of the river until near Augusta, where they were re-enforced by General Ash. His company was stationed at Liberty Hill. The Brit- ish evacuated Augusta. The Americans crossed the river, pursued them, and skirmished with the rear guard. Thence marched to the Two Sisters, where breastworks were erected. Served nine months. Twice after this was out on scouting duty, once at High Rock for twenty days, and once to prevent Tories from joining Wallace, ten 464 OTHER FAMILIES — PENNSYLVANIA days. His total service was one year, nine months, and thirty days. He was pensioned by the state of North Carolina, and was informed that his name was stricken from the state roll that he might apply for United States pension. One of his tours of service was under Capt. Fernay. He moved from Orange to Pendleton Election District in South Carolina, where he then resided, and had resided for forty- four years. Nancy, widow of Andrew Hughes, living in Murray County, Ga., in November, 1855, applied for pension, her husband having died 1 Sept.. 1843. She was his second wife. He had sons by a former wife. (Widow, 25,805.) Charles and Mary Hughes depose they knew Andrew and Nancy Hughes before their marriage, and that Andrew died at the house of Charles Hughes in Pickings District. The deponents were of Gwin- nett County, Ga. NEW YORK William Hews, of New York, a ship owner and importer, was, it is said, engaged in importing glass. He became financially involved, and, sometime about 1800, retired to the South, where he owned a planta- tion. It is said his New York real estate was mortgaged to a man named North Talcott, and that about 1813 Rozina, a daughter of Mr. Hews, attempted to regain possession. She retained Aaron Burr as counsel, but he did nothing. Friends of Hews named Usher, living in New York, also attempted to save his estate. He is said to have had a brother, and on one occasion brought into New York, on one of his vessels, a niece, for a visit. He was twice married, his first wife died before his removal to the South. It is thought Mr. Hews settled near New Orleans, as his daughter Rozina was educated in the Ursuline convent there, and another daughter married and lived in Iberville parish. Children : A son, went to sea and was never heard from. Rozina, married first, Bennet, by whom she had a son, Henry Bennet; married, about 1821, second, William Wright of Centreville, Md., and had a child, born in 1822, and a daughter, who married Charles E. Gifford. Their son, Charles E. Gifford, lives in Chicago, 111. Mary, married Brousseau, a Frenchman, who after his wife's death returned to France with their children. Margaret, married Gorman of Baton Rouge, La. She was living in Iberville parish, La., in 1876. Children : Caroline. Rozina, who married Jones, and had Theodore and Charles Jones. Evert Hughes, was a member of the 4th Ulster County regiment of militia, commanded by Col. Hardenburgh. Henry Hews was a member of the 5th New York regiment of the line, Col. Holmes. 465 466 OTHER FAMILIES — NEW YORK James Hughes was commissioned first lieutenant in Capt. Ledger's company, 1st regiment, New York line, Col. Alexander McDougall, 22 July, 1775. He was a lieutenant in the same regiment in Feb., 1776. He was lieutenant in Pelton's company in the 2d battalion in the Con- tinental service, 1 Nov., 1776. Also major of levies commanded by Col. Harper, and also major in Dubois' regiment of levies, probably in 1779. Another James Hughes was sergeant in Nevin's company, 7 May, 1777, in a regiment in the Continental service, commanded by Col. Malcom. His name omitted from roll Feb., 1778. Another James Hews, also Huges, was a member of the 1st regi- ment, New York line; enlisted 26 April, 1777, for the war, discharged 26 Jan., 1778. John Hughes was a member of the 1st regiment, New York line, Col. Goose Van Schaick. Another John Hughes was in the 4th regiment, New York line, Col. Holmes, and a John Huse was a member of the 2d regiment Ulster County militia, Col. James McClaghry. Joseph Hughes was a member of the 1st regiment, New York line. Michael Hughes was a member of the 1st regiment, New York line, and a member of the light infantry company in Sept., 1780. Miles Hughes was entitled to land bounty rights because of service with the 4th regiment, Dutchess County militia. Major Miles Hughes was of Dubois' regiment of levies, 1 July, 1780. Thomas Hughes enlisted 30 Nov.. 1776, and served until spring of 1783 in Veeder's company, 1st regiment, New York line, Col. Van Schaick. Timothy Hughes was commissioned 22 Jul}', 177.'), as 2d lieutenant in Col. McDougalTs (1st N. Y.) regiment, and was serving in Canada in Feb., 1776. He was of (apt. Mott's company in 177"). In 1778 he was in Nicholson's regiment of Continentals. lie also served in Nicholson's regiment of militia. He was later captain in Livingston's regiment, and resigned because of " Lad treatment," 25 Oct., 1778. William Hughes, also Hews, was a member of the 5th line regi- OTHER FAMILIES — NEW YORK 467 ment, Col. Holmes, also in Dubois' regiment, in Capt. Johnson's com- pany; enlisted 17 Feb., 1777, omitted from roll July, 1780. Another or the same William Hughes was a member of the 4th reg- iment, Ulster County militia, Col. Hardenburg. Another William Hughes was a member of the 4th West Chester regiment of militia, Col. Crane. Thomas Hughs of City of New York in 1820, aged 66 years, ap- plied for pension. He was already a pensioner under Act of 1818. His wife Dorothy was aged 77 years. His grandson, Martin Cassedy, was aged 14 and unable to support himself. Hughs was a sawyer of wood, weak and infirm, etc. He enlisted 1 May, 1776, in Capt. Vather's company, Col. Wynkoop's regiment of the New York line, and continued therein six months, when he enlisted in Capt. John Cox's company in 1st N. Y. Reg., Col. Van Schaick's, Gen. Clinton's brigade. He was discharged at Snake Hill near New York. He was in the battles of Monmouth, Yorktown, and several other engagements. In his first application he stated that he enlisted in April, 1776, in Capt. Garret Nader's company, New York State troops in the Continental establishment, and in Dec, 1776, re-enlisted in Capt. John Cupp's company. Van Schaick's regiment (1st N. Y.) for and during the war, and served until discharged in 1783. (Invalid, 45405.) Richard Hews was a private in Capt. P. Schuyler's company in the New York Provincial troops, in 1755. (N. Y. Historical Soc. Col- lections, vol. 24.) VIRGINIA Captain Richard Hewes, a vestryman of St. Stephen's parish in the County of Northumberland, Virginia, and a prominent business man there, married Mary Ball, widow of Captain Joseph Ball of Lancaster County, Virginia. By Captain Ball she had a daughter, Mary, who, in 1721, was aged 13 years. Mrs. Hewes, prior to her marriage to Captain Joseph Ball, had been the wife of a Mr. John- son, by whom she had had two children, John and Elizabeth. Captain Richard Hewes died a year after his marriage. The in- ventory of his estate being filed 17 March, 1713, by his widow, who herself died in 1721, leaving a will which was proved 29 of July. In this will she gave all her estate to her son, John Johnson, except a small legacy to her daughter, Elizabeth Bonum, and certain other leg- acies of personal property to her daughter, Mary Ball. This will is recorded in Northumberland County. John Johnson by will gave to his sister, Mary Ball, all that land at Stafford which his stepfather, Richard Hewes, had given to him. Elizabeth Johnson married Samuel Bonum, whose will of 22 Feb- ruary, 1726, mentions sister Mary Ball. Mary received from her father, Captain Joseph Ball, 400 acres in the " Freshes " of the Rap- pahannock river, and this, with what she inherited from her brother, she carried to her husband, Augustine Washington, upon her marriage to him. The issue of their marriage was George Washington, first President of the United States. (See an article in the Virginia Mag- azine, Jan., 1901, Vol. 8, No. 3, p. 283, by Dr. G. W. Beale, and for a pedigree of the Washington family see Waters' Gleanings, Vol. I, p. 394.) Dr. Beale wrote with relation to Richard Hewes the following letter: " Capt. Richard Hewes, who died here in 1713, was the only one of the name in this part of Virginia that I can find. There are no records here in that name by which to ascertain his ancestry. His legacies, or gifts of land, seem to indicate that he died childless. The Register of the Parish in which he lived, covering the years from 1680 to 1790, has no entry in this name." Among early settlers in Virginia were: Ralph Hewes, who came in 1685 at the cost of Richard Bennett and settled on Bennett's plantation on the Nansemond River. Francis Hewes of Charles City County in 1637. RlCHARD HEWE8 of Henrico County, who may have come with Wil- liam Cox in i <;.:<;. as Cox claimed a head right fur his transportation. Robert Hewes, an overseer of Fieldings Place in Lancaster County. 4G8 Monument at Fredericksburg, Va., erected by the National Mary W ashington Memorial Association over the grave of Mary (Ball) Washington. Dedi- cated 10 May, 1894. Mary (Ball) Washington married Augustine Washington, (i March, 17:50. She died 25 Aug., 1T89. OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 469 Thomas Hewes, aged 40 years, was a passenger on the John and Elizabeth in 1623, bound for Elizabeth City, Va. The following items, gleaned from Virginia records, show, to some extent, the standing of the various families there: William Hughes married Sophia Dowdall, license * being taken out 6 June, 1744, in Spottsylvania County. Robert Hughes married 4 Dec, 1770, Sarah Brent, daughter of Major John and Margaret Brent of Charlotte County, Va. Dr. John Hughes married, about 1800, a daughter of William Winn of South Carolina. Thomas Hughes married Elizabeth Towles, a daughter of Major Stokeley Towles of Spottsylvania County, a Revolutionary soldier. Capt. Anthony Hughes of Virginia married, 1798, Elizabeth Price Crump, daughter of Benjamin and Mary Crump of Round Hill, Fauquier County, Va., widow of Jonas P. Adams of Loudoun County, Va., merchant. She was born in 1773, and died 21 July, 1845, in Jefferson County, Mo., having had issue by both marriages. Archelaus Hughes was of Henry County in 1777-1781. In 1779 he was recommended for Commissioner of the Peace. In 1780 he was Colonel, and that same year was appointed County Lieutenant but re- signed within the year. William Hughes, lieutenant in the Virginia regiment, 1761. William Hughes, adjutant in militia, March, 1776. John Hughes, drummer in company of militia commanded by Capt. Goodes. There was a John Hughes of Gloucester County in 1783. Capt. Robert Hughes of the Powhatan County militia in 1776 and 1777. David Hughes of Powhatan County was ensign, 18 Dec, 1777. Capt. Edward Hughes of a company of guards in Gloucester County, in Oct., 1777- Edward Hughes of Gloucester County t is enumerated in the census of 1782-3, as having in his family 10 white and 15 black persons. Another Edward Hughes of the same county had three whites in his family. John and Jasper Hughes of Gloucester County were owners of "chairs" (a two-wheeled horse-vehicle) in 1794. Thomas Hughes was one of a jury in Gloucester County, em- pannelled to try a Tory, in 1776. Thomas Hughes was a prisoner on the Torbay Prison ship in Charleston Harbor, 1781. * " Few marriage licenses prior to 1775 are to be found in any county."— Virginia Magazine, IV, 197. t Mrs. Sally N. Robins gave some account of the Hughes family in the History of Gloucester County, published in 1893. 470 OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA Ellis Ap Hugh was a tythable of Northampton County in 1666. Stephen Hughes had a large grant of land with John Alexander, 2,750 acres, in Goochland County in 1738. The land was to be taken on both sides of Randolph's Creek. Stephen Hughes of Cumberland County (organized 1749), brother and heir of Ashford Hughes, de- ceased, had administration on his estate 27 Nov., 1749. They were Quakers, and in 1739 had been of Goochland County.* Revolutionary Pension Records Absolom Hughes was of Barren County, Ky., in 1833, when, on the 20 March, he applied for a pension, making oath that on the 15 June next he would be aged 78 years, and that he was born 15 June, 1755, in Charles City County, Va., where his baptism would be found on the church register; that he moved thence to Halifax County, in 1784, and in 1814 to Barren County, Ky. He lived in Charles City County during the Revolution and enlisted from there, serving as follows: October, 1775, in the militia, in a company commanded by Capt. John Gregory. In 1776, enlisted and served one year in the militia, in a company commanded by Capt. Edward Marrabel. In June, 1777, volunteered from Charlotte County, and served as first sergeant for two months in a company commanded by Capt. Thomas Williams. In June, 1781, he was drafted from Charlotte County, "where he had gone to visit his brother," and served under Capt. Gideon Spencer, as part of the forces under Gen. Lafayette. He was taken sick at Dandridge Old Field, Hanover County, and was left there by the army. He remained there until after the surrender of Cornwallis. (Invalid Pension, 31,149). Edward Hughes of Albemarle County, Va., made application for a pension 7 Jan., 1833, then aged 77 years. He was born 4 March, 1756. His declaration states that he enlisted at Charlotteville, under Capt. William Fontaine, and marched to the Long Bridge, near Norfolk, where he joined the 14th regiment, Col. Charles Lewis, and participated in the engagement at that place, and remained there until the enemy burnt Norfolk. At the end of his year's service was discharged at Richmond, but soon after enlisted for three years, in a company com- manded by Capt. John Marks. He with other recruits were inoculated * There was a family of Hughes in Overwharton Parish, Stafford Co. James Hughs married Agnes MacCartee, 6 May, 174-1. She died 4 March, 1 7 1i. Their son William wms horn II Feb., 1745. Elizabeth and John, chil- dren of Hai.i'ii HroiiKs, were horn SO June, 17.53, and 24 Dec., 1756, re- spectively. Mahv I hems married George Crosby, 6 Jan., 1744. Doffus Huohes died 14 Sept., 1753. OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 471 with smallpox at Dumfries, and was allowed to remain in Albemarle County until recovered, whence the force was conveyed to Baltimore by water, and thence to Philadelphia, where they were attached to the 14th regiment, Col. Charles Lewis, and participated in the battles of Brandywine and Germantown. After these battles, because of the service it had undergone, the 14th was broken up, and Hughes was attached to the 1st Virginia regiment, Col. Richard Campbell, being in the company commanded by Capt. John Marks, with Matthew Jouatt as lieutenant. The regiment marched to Chesterfield Court House, Virginia, by way of Baltimore and Fredericksburg, and remained there during the winter, joining Greene's army in the spring. Hughes participated in the battles of Guilford C. H., the siege of Ninety-Six, and Eutaw Springs. Since his discharge he had lived in Albemarle County. His house was burnt, and his discharges destroyed. As his heirs request information of the Bureau in Oct., 1843, he had deceased prior to that time, and without leaving a widow, though he appears to have left children. (Invalid, 5,574.) Elias Hughes of Utica, Licking County, Ohio, made application for a pension 23 Aug., 1832, he then being 75 years of age. He was born on the South branch of the Potomac River, in Hardy Co. [now W. Va.],* and during his terms of service lived in Clarkesburg, Va. He was son of Thomas Hughes, who was killed by Indians on Hack- ett's Creek, Va., in 1778. In 1774 he assisted in holding Miller's Fort in West Augusta County, Va., and was in the battle of Point Pleasant on the Big Kanawha. In 1775 he enlisted and served in the company commanded by Capt. James Booth until 1778, when his father was killed. He was then com- missioned captain of Rangers and Spies, and served three years under Cols. Benjamin Wilson and William Louther. He served as a private from 1781 to 1783 under Col. George Jackson and after peace was proclaimed, in 1783, continued in service against the Indians until Wayne's treaty in 1795. (Invalid, 8,474.) Francis Hughes was of Orange County, Va., in 1818, when, on 30 June, he made application for a pension, he then being aged 72 years. He enlisted from Orange County. There is filed with his ap- plication a pass issued to Francis Alexander Hughes, a sergeant in Col. Heath's regiment of Virginia troops, to pass and repass from his * The court records of Augusta County, formerly extending over a large territory, have been published. The index contains numerous references to the name Hughes. Edward Hewes was surety for Valentine Sevear in Au- gust, 1746. That same year Jajies Hut and William Hugh lived near Car- ter's Mill. In 1757, David Hughes, an orphan, aged two years, was ordered bound out. 472 OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA present quarters at Middlebrook to Orange County, with leave of ab- sence for 115 days. This pass is dated Middle Brooke, 22 Dec., 1775, and was granted because of Hughes' being convalescent from smallpox. He was a sergeant in November, 1775, and his name appears on a muster roll of the company commanded by Capt. Robert Powell, a light infantry company, as sergeant in 1779. He enlisted Sept., 1777, in company commanded by Capt. John Francis Mercer, 3d regiment Continental line, and was discharged at Petersburg, Va., June, 1779. He participated in the battle of Mon- mouth and in various skirmishes. He died probably in 1821 or 1822. (Invalid, 38,059.) Francis Hughes was of Green County, Tenn., 21 July, 1833, then aged 74 years, when he applied for pension, alleging that he resided in Burke County, N. C, in June, 1776, when he enlisted as a ranger in North Carolina, under Capt. Penland, in the command of Gen. McDowell, and served two months and a half against the Cherokee and Creek Indians. On his return from this tour of service, he met the troops under Gen. Rutherford on their march to the Cherokee Nation, and volunteered under Rutherford. The expedition proceeded to the " Nation." In the overhill towns the Indians embodied, and an en- gagement ensued in which the Indians were defeated with a loss of 18 killed. This tour of service lasted from August, 1776, to December, 1776, four months. In Jan., 1777, he volunteered under Col. John Sevier to retake the western settlements on the Watoga. Seviers' force was employed in building a fort for defence at " Gallaker's " on " Nola Sheeky " river, in the present State of Tennessee. Hughes was sta- tioned there for twelve months. Under the Act of North Carolina calling for new levies, he volunteered in Sept., 1780, for an expedition, under Col. Sevier, against Ferguson. He was in Capt. Samuel Wil- liams' company and marched with Campbell's Virginia troops across the " Yelow Mountains " into North Carolina, and there met the militia under General McDowell, and in October was present at the battle of King's Mountain. After the battle he helped guard the prisoners on the march to the " Barrix " for exchange, serving three months. In the winter of 1780 he again volunteered and was led by Col. Sevier against the Cherokee Indians and marched to the borders of their country, but the Indians had retired. He was one month in this service. His total service was 21 months and 14 days. He was born in Shenandoah County, Va., in 1759, and had lived in Washington County, afterward in Green County. He was living in 1839. (Invalid pension, 3,075.) Gabriel Hughes of Mathews County, Va., made application for a OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 473 pension, 13 August, 1832. He stated that he was born in Kingston parish, Cumberland County, Va., 7 Nov., 1762. That he enlisted in a company of which the officers were Richard Billups, captain ; Thomas Ga}de, lieutenant, and Henry Forrest, ensign. Afterward he served in the company commanded by Capt. Philip Tabb, of which James Gwynn was lieutenant. He was discharged after the siege of York, and was seldom called out after that. He was in the engagement which resulted from the attack by Tarle- ton's horse on the French horse, by which the French horse was cut to pieces, and his company was ordered to their support. When Mercer's grenadiers, to which Hughes' company was joined, were seen coming to the aid of the French, " they went at it again." His record of service was as follows : 1778, on guard duty at Lilley's Neck, one month, in company under command of Capt. Richard Billup, ordered out by Col. Sir John Peyton. 1778, one month at Cricket Hill, near Gwynn Island. 1779, one month, under the same officers. 1779, one month in March and April, one month in June and July, and one month in September and October. 1780, one month in March and April, one month in June and July, and one month in August and September. 1781, 10 Feb., to last of April as a volunteer, one of 125 men, from Gloucester County, under command of Capt. Phillip Tabb, to pursue Arnold, then raiding toward Richmond. Three months in company commanded by Lieutenant Houlden Hodgins at the siege of York, and one month at Cricket Hill, under the same officer. All of these tours of duty were performed in the Virginia militia. Mary Hughes, widow of Gabriel, applied for a pension in 1838. She stated that Gabriel died 20 Oct., 1836, and that they were married 31 March, 1785. The family record filed with these papers is as follows: Gabriel Hughes, born 7 Nov., 1762. Mary Hughes, born 18 Oct., 1765. Sarah, daughter of Gabriel and Mary, born 10 Jan., 1786. Elizabeth, daughter of Gabriel and Mary, born 12 Feb., 1788. Thomas, son of Gabriel and Mary, born 30 April, 1791. Mann Page, son of Gabriel and Mary, born 25 Dec, 1792. Ann Luse, daughter of Gabriel and Mary, born 20 April, 1796. Mann Page, son of Gabriel and Mary, born 12 June, 1799. Francis, son of Gabriel and Mary, born 3 June, 1806. Another family record on file is as follows : Gabriel Hughes and Mary Williams, married 31 March, 1785. 474 OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA Gabriel, son of Gabriel and Ann Hughes, born 7 Nov., 1762. Gabriel Hughes departed this life 20 Oct., 1836. Letter of Gabriel Hughes to his son, Mann P. Hughes of Norfolk, dated 12 Sept., 1836, mentions wife of Mann P., probably Betsy Hughes named in letter, and their children. Supposes he has heard of the death of " Little Susan," who departed this life 5 July last. Gabriel Hughes, father of the soldier, had other children. (Widow, 19,836.) Henry Hugh of Scioto County, Ohio, applied for pension, 1818. He was aged 67 years. He enlisted on the Continental establishment in 1780 for 18 months, his term expiring 31 Dec, 1781. He enlisted at Amherst, Va., in company commanded by Capt. John Anderson, in regiment of Col. Haws (sic), and served in the army of Gen. Green in the South, participating in the battles of Guilford, Camden, Eutaw Springs, and at Camden was shot in the right shoulder. In another declaration, dated 26 Dec, 1821, then aged 69, and a resident of Jackson County, Ohio, he states that Haws' regiment was in the North Carolina line, that he obtained a pension in 1819, is a farmer, and that his wife is aged and infirm, and that she, and a son seventeen years of age, are dependent upon him for support. (In- valid, 41,669.) James Hughes died 6 Feb., 1852, leaving a widow Nancy, who, under the act of 1855, received a bounty land warrant, No. 36,537- She deposed 28 Oct., 1856, then of DeKalb County, Ga., aged 82 years, that her husband, James, had served as a private in the company of Capts. Stanton and Yancy in the Virginia militia, probably from Cul- pepper County, about 1779-80, and that he was probably discharged at Matin Hill, Va., at the close of the war. He made an ineffectual application for a pension under the Act of 1832, he then being of DeKalb County. His declaration in 1845, when he was aged 86 years, stated that in spring of 1781 he was drafted and entered the militia company commanded by Capt. Stanton in Col. Allcock's regiment. He resided in Culpepper County. He served under Gen. Lafayette, and until after the surrender of Cornwallis. He was born in Westmoreland County, Va., in 1758-9. He removed from Westmoreland County to North Carolina, thence to South Carolina, and thence to Georgia. (Re- jected, 5,350.) James Hughes of Raleigh, North Carolina, late a resident of Gooch- land County, Va., aged 70 years, made application for a pension 15 Oct., 1832. His declaration states that he enlisted in Dec, 1778, in a company commanded by Capt. Alexander Porter, Col. Richard Parker's regiment OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 475 of Virginia troops, to serve until 1781. He was captured and held prisoner for eighteen months. He was born in Hanover County, 15 Sept., 1762. After enlistment marched into Pennsylvania, but about twenty miles from Philadelphia the regiment was ordered back, and by forced marches to Petersburg. Parker's regiment was the first to receive orders to proceed south. He was at the storming of Savannah. The sick and wounded were placed in small vessels to go to Charleston. The vessel which Hughes was on sprung aleak, and failed to get relief from their own boats or from the French fleet. The storm was severe and the boats were terribly handled by the elements for four or five days. On the night of the fifth day their boat ran aground on a small island, and four or five of the men succumbed to starvation. The island on which they were cast away proved to be fifty miles south of St. Augustine, which was in the possession of the British, who, hearing of the castaways, sent a force to take them prisoners, and bring them to St. Augustine. Horses were provided for those unable to walk. The prisoners after four months were sent from St. Augustine to Charleston to be exchanged, but on arrival at Charleston found the British about to besiege that place, which, after two months, • surrendered, and Hughes again became a prisoner. His colonel, Parker, was killed dur- ing the siege. The prisoners were confined in barracks for five months, the men continually broke out and escaped, so that the rest were placed upon prison ships. Many enlisted in the British service in the hope of getting clear. Hughes was confined on the prison ship for three months, and during that time received $2 sent by his government, which is all he ever received. After fourteen months' confinement at Charles- ton, he was sent by water to Jamestown, Va. He was at the siege of Little York in Anderson's company, and was duly discharged in summer of 1781. He lived in Hanover County until removal to the James River in Goochland County, where he remained until 1832. He was married in 1790 to a daughter of John Sizer of Carolina, and has had seven sons and three daughters, of whom four sons and two daughters were then living. With his wife, aged sixty-six years, he then resided with a son, Nelson B. Hughes, at Raleigh. James Hughes was a farmer, and for- merly owned slaves, which he sold in 1821, because of a debt contracted in 1816 by endorsing notes for others. He sold his property in Gooch- land County to son, Garland A. Hughes, of Charlotte County, to whom also he conveyed his three slaves. He lived with Garland until the latter's death, when the estate was sold and the former owner left des- titute. (Invalid, 7,046.) Jesse Hughes, who died 1 March, 1838 (Treasury Record), applied for a pension in 1832, then aged 76 years. He enlisted in 1776, from 476 OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA the county of Fluvanna, in the "minute service" on state establishment, for one year, and was attached to the company commanded by Capt. Roger Thompson, of which the lieutenant was George Thompson and (later?) James Marks, in the regiment commanded by Col. Meredith and Col. Dabney. The regiment marched to Williamsburg, thence to Burrel's Creek. There the detachment was ordered to proceed against the Indians, and marched as far as the Long Island on the Holston, under Col. Haynes Morgan. Gen. Guest had the chief command, and he with part of the detachment marched on to the French Broad and into the Cherokee Nation, and concluded a treaty with the Indians. After this Hughes was discharged. He again enlisted in the fall of 1776 for three years, in the company of artillery commanded by Capt. William Pierce, and marched to York in winter of 1777, where he re- mained for twelve months under Col. Harrison and Lt.-Col. C. Car- rington of the County of Cumberland. Part of the detachment were at Portsmouth, Va. Being an artificer, Hughes remained with Col. Carrington, where his services were most required. In spring of 1778, marched north and j oined the army at Valley Forge, and thence unde r Gen. Scott marched into New Jersey and participated in the battle of Monmouth in June, 1778. After that battle was attached to a de- tachment of grenadiers from New England under Major Jackson, and marched to Rhode Island and joined the army under Gen. Sullivan, and was in the battle of Rhode Island in August, 1778. On the retreat crossed at Bristol and marched to Providence. From Providence marched to Morristown, N. J., and was discharged there a few weeks prior to expiration of term of service, in preference to building bar- racks and going into winter quarters. In 1780, again volunteered and served in the South, as lieutenant in a company commanded by Capt. Leftwich of Bedford, Va., under Cols. Stabblefield and Spencer in Gen. Stevens' brigade. Was present at Gates' defeat and marched to Hills- boro, and was discharged in the fall of the same year. Again volun- teered and served as lieutenant at the siege of York in 1781. (Invalid, 9,594.) The pensioner left children. John Hughs died 12 May, 1815. I. D. Woodward in 1855 wrote from Plattsburg, N. Y., to the Department as attorney for heirs of John Hughs, claiming that he had served as a captain in the Virginia line in the Continental army. The request for half pay allowance was not allowed. (Rejected, 15,270.) John Hughes, born 28 Oct., 1758, enlisted from Brunswick County, Va., in 1776-7, under Capt. Lucas in Gen. Scott's brigade, and was in the battles of Trenton, Brandywine, Germantown and Monmouth, and on 1 Jan., 1778, was appointed quarter-master. Appointed lieutenant OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 477 31 March, 1781; captain in 1st Dragoons 31 March, 1781, which rank he held until 15 Nov., 1783. He married in Surrey County, Ga., 22 July, 1781, Ann Moore, born 17 June, 1762, daughter of Mathew Moore. He died in Surrey County, 26 July, 1826, and his widow was allowed a pension in 1839. At that time she lived in Stokes County, N. C. She died 23 Aug., 1848, near Rockford, N. C. According to her application John Hughes served as sergeant and as lieutenant, and also as major, and enlisted from Cumberland County in the regular army under Capt. Woodson. Hartley Barham deposed he knew Hughes at headquarters at Valley Forge, and that he was highly respected in the service. Children of John and Ann Hughes: Mathew M., born 5 May, 1782. Polly M., born 1 June, 1785; married [ ] Dobson. Archelaus, born 28 Nov., 1787- Letitia D v born 17 March, 1790; married Gen. Joseph Winston. Leander, born 4 Sept., 1794. John A., born 14 May, 1797- Ann P., born 12 Sept., 1806; married William A. Lash. All of these children, except John A., survived the mother and were living in 1852. At that time Leander was supposed to be living in Platte County, Mo., but in 1853 he had gone to California, but it was not known if he had taken his family with him. The pay account of John Hughes is on file with the other papers in the case. (Widow, 18,082.) John Hughes, born in Powhatan County, Va., 11 Aug,, 1763, ap- plied for pension May, 1838, when he was aged 75 years. He was a student in Washington Henry Academy in Hanover County, Va., and enlisted in Oct., 1779, as a private in the company commanded by Capt. Littlebury for three months. This was a calvary company. He was transferred to the infantry, entering the company commanded by Capt. Williamson in Bland's regiment. He served under Col. George Rogers Clarke and was in the ambuscade of the British near Howel's Old Fort. Detached to the brigade of Light Infantry in October, 1780. He served in several commands. He was in the battle of Guilford, and after the battle was appointed ensign. He returned to Virginia in April, 1781. He was in the retreat from James River to Point of Fork. He was appointed lieutenant, and at the siege of York was in command of his company. In 1787 he resided in Powhatan County, but in 1832 was of Jefferson County. 478 OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA A letter on file from Richard Hughes Sullivan, dated 1908, U. S. Weather Bureau, Indianapolis, Ind., gives the information that John was son of John and Judith Neville Hughes; that he was wounded in battle of Guildford, C. H. ; and that he served as a major in the War of 1812. He died 11 Dec., 1842, leaving a widow. The declaration of John Hughes states that he enlisted in July, 1779, in a company com- manded by Capt. John Barrett, Col. William Dandridge's regiment, and served two months and a half. (Invalid, 30,501.) Jonathan Hughes (Huges) of Gallia County, Ohio, and lately of Jefferson County, Ind., aged 81 years, made application for pension 19 March, 1834. He was born in Hampshire County, Va., 25 March, 1753. He enlisted about 1 May, 1775, in Greenbrier County, Va., un- der Capt. John Cook, to serve on the frontiers against the Indians, and was stationed at Ellis' Fort on the Little Levels of Greenbrier County. He, John Ewins, and Joseph Edwards, were appointed Indian spies from the fort. He was on the frontiers until the last of September and was then dismissed to return whenever called upon. He took the field again in May, 1776, and performed the same service until last of September. In the spring of 1777, was called to Major Rennick's fort on the Big Levels of Greenbrier County, and served under Capt. Andrew Hamilton. A few days after the arrival at the fort, volunteers were called for to re-enforce a small fort called McCoy's, on Muddy Creek. Hughes volunteered, with James Briggs, William Hamilton, and William Gilkinson, and the party stopped at the fort a few days until ordered back to Remmick's. He was then ap- pointed an Indian spy and ordered to draw rations for eight days, stay out until rations were exhausted, then draw eight days' more rations and continue scouting. This duty he performed until the close, of September. He went from Greenbrier County to Hampshire County in the sum- mer of 1778, and in the spring of 1779 was enrolled in the company of Capt. George Bell, and was appointed ensign. His commission is on file. It is dated 9 Nov., 1779, and is signed by Thomas Jefferson. With it is filed an oath of allegiance, dated 2 July, 1778, and a certifi- cate of service in Capt. John Cook's company dated 29 Oct., 1780. About the middle of May, 1780, Jonathan Hughes was called out with Capt. Bell's company, and under command of Col. Morgan marched from Big Capon up Lost River to its head, thence over South Branch Mountain. At the summit there was a minor engagement with Tories, who were defeated with a loss of one killed and one wounded. After a month's service the regiment returned to Hampshire County. Shortly after this he was ordered out by Capt. Bell to pursue deserters, and was engaged in this duty for a week. With his papers is filed a dis- OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 479 charge for the years of 1775, 1776, and 1777, dated 29 Oct., 1780, signed by Capt. Cook. The date of his birth was taken from the Bible record kept by his parents. At the close of the war he resided in Hampshire County until sometime in the winter of 1783, when he moved to Wilkes' County, N. C, where he lived until 1808, when he removed to Harrison County, Va., where he lived until 28 Jan., 1829, when he removed to Gallia County, Ohio, where he has lived most of the time since. He was in Indiana in 1833, three or four months, teaching school in Jefferson County. In an application to have his pension paid in Virginia instead of Ohio, he states that his children live in Virginia. His pension was paid to 3 April, 1842. (Invalid, 9,591.) Robert Hughs applied for a pension in 1834. He was born 18 Aug., 1760, in Prince William County, Va. His records were lost when his daughter's house was burned. He lived in Prince William County when he enlisted, and since the war has lived in Greenbrier, Monroe and Fayette counties, and now lives in Fayette County, Va. He was drafted for the first and second tours and was a substitute on the third tour of duty. In 1777, he served three months in the company of Capt. Hugh Brunt in the neighborhood of Pittsburg. In 1780-1 he served in the artillery company of Capt. Hill for six months. His service as a substitute was for 1 1 months from Sweet Springs, and was about Pitts- burg. Being off on a foraging expedition his party seized a trading boat on the Ohio, which drifted several days down the river, until it grounded. Indians captured the crew and captain, but he and other soldiers escaped, and, as term of enlistment was up, he and the others did not return to their command. He made his declaration in 1846 when he was 86 years old. Elizabeth Garrett of Kanawha County, Va., a sister of Robert Hughes, deposed she was 82 years of age. Their father lived in Prince Williams County, where her brother entered the army, he then being about seventeen years of age. His second enlistment was on a draft at Sweet Springs, where her father had removed to Botetourt County. (Rejected, 5,355.) Samuel Hughs of Cooper County, Mo., aged 79 years, applied for a pension in 1832, for service in the Virginia militia. He served three months in company of Capt. Joseph Marston under Gen. Greene, and was at the battle of Guilford Court House. He continued in service from Pittsylvania County, Va., but later hired a substitute for $1,000. He was born in 1753 in Hanover County, Va., and moved from Pittsyl- vania County to Missouri. (Rejected, 5,356.) Stephen Hughes, who enlisted from Charles City County, Va., died 16 Jan., 1830, leaving a widow Tabitha, whom he married 2 Jan., 1788, 480 OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA and who applied for a pension 21 Sept., 1840, she then being aged 74 years. She was not acquainted with him until after the Revolution, but had heard him say he was a regular soldier. A small Bible sent to the Department at this time was returned in 1877 to John and Charles Hughes of Black Walnut, Halifax County, Va. The record of the family is as follows: John Hughes, born 20 Nov., 1788. Richard, born 6 March, 1790. William, born May [ ] Charles, born [ ] 1795. Stephen, born 4 Sept., 1797. Absolom, born 27 Feb., 180 — . Elizabeth Purson, born Aug., 1802. Henry, born 19 Dec, 1805. John Hughes, a resident of Halifax County, was appointed admin- istrator on the estate of Tabitha, widow of Stephen Hughes, in 1852. (Rejected, 5,352.) Thomas Hughes of Jackson County, Va., in 1834, aged 80 years, applied for a pension. In 1774 he resided on the West Fork of the Monongahela river in Virginia, and was engaged in ranging from the West Fork to the Ohio until 1779, under Capt. William Louther, and was subsequently commissioned a lieutenant of Indian spies in the same company and did not resign until the spring of 1784, after which he continued on ranging expeditions to different forts until the close of the Indian wars in 1795. He was a brother of Jesse and Ellis Hughes, whose father and one brother, not named, were killed by Indians. He is said to have died in Oct., 1837, having lost his wife three months previously, and left an only child, Thomas, who was aged 71 in 1854. The soldier's application is not on file, but it was rejected because service was not in the Revolutionary War, but in the Indian War. (Rejected, 5,357-) Thomas Hughes of Culpepper County, Va., was born in Orange County, 1754, and at time of application (1832) for pension was aged 77 or 78 years. He enlisted in the fall of 1778 in Capt. Rucker's company, Col. Pendleton's regiment and served four months, chiefly in Pennsylvania, where he joined the army the Saturday following the battle of Germantown. In the latter part of the summer of 1781 he joined the main army in Virginia, and served three months as sergeant in a company commanded by Capt. (Covington?) under Major Nathaniel Welsh. After the surrender of Yorktown and before the prisoners were removed, he was taken sick and, with his brother, who is since deceased, was sent home in a baggage wagon in the care of Book G 17, P« 18. G 18, P- 26. G 3, P- 2. G 14, P- 25. G 14, P- 105. OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 481 neighbors who were returning from the army. In all he served seven months. At the time of his enlistment he was living at Cabbin Branch in Culpepper County, and has resided in the same county ever since. He received a pension in 1837- (Invalid, 5,589.) William Hughes died 17 June, 1833, leaving widow Nancy, who died 5 March, 1843, whereupon, 5 Dec, 1853, Benjamin Hughes, eldest son and heir, made application for arrears of pension. There are on file various documents of interest, among which is a certificate of service of William Hughes for service in the North Carolina line, showing £85-1-9 due. The Comptroller of North Caro- lina issued a certificate showing that the books in his office showed service of William Hughes as follows: Continental line. Country return. Hillsboro District. Salisbury District. Hillsboro District. Benjamin Hughes claimed that his father had done service with the Virginia Line regiment, in Virginia, South and North Carolina. That at the end of his first term of service he was again drafted or volun- teered, and served to the end of the war; that he was in the battle of Guilford Court House, and at the surrender of Cornwallis. A certificate on file shows that the State of Virginia made a settle- ment with William Hughes 28 Aug., 1786, as a soldier in the infantry regiment in the Continental line, from 1 Jan., 1777, to 31 Dec, 1781, and that payment of £11-14-8 was made to Jane Hughes. William Hughes died in Rutherford County, now Cleveland, N. C, 17 June, 1838, and his widow Nancy, 5 March, 1843, as per inscrip- tions on their gravestones. The only children surviving in 1853 were Benjamin Hughes, Young Hughes, and Rebecca Blanter. An old record on file gives the following record of children : Benjamin, born Jan., 1783. Rebecca, born 6 Oct., 1789. Nancy, born 14 Aug., 1795. Young, born 4 June, 1797. Richard, born 1810. Burwell Blanton, born 23 Nov., 1809. (Rejected, 5,354.) William Hughes died August, 1810. His widow, Sarah Hughes, a resident of Charlotte County, Va., aged 79 years, applied for a pension in 1839. She deposed that she knew nothing about his service, having married him 25 December, 1782, after he had left the army. But he had told her he enlisted in a Virginia Continental regiment early in 482 OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 1777, for three years, under Capt. Gentland in Lunenburg, and had served his term of enlistment, and also that he served three months in the South in 1780, and was in the battle near Camden, also three months in 1781 and was in the battle of Guilford Court House, and also another three months in 1781, and was at the siege of Yorktown, where he acted as sergeant. Robert Mitchell enlisted in latter part of 1776, under Capt. Garland, for three years in Virginia Continental line. He was in the 14th Vir- ginia regiment, commanded by Col. Charles Lewis, and William Hughes enlisted at the same time. Mitchell was aged 85 in 1840, and his name appears on the roll of the 14th regiment, but that of Hughes does not; but the name of David Hughes does appear on the rolls of company commanded by Capt. Reid in said regiment, after Sept., 1778, as en- listed 14 Sept., 1778. Ambrose Haley deposed that William Hughes was late of Lunenburg, Virginia; was drafted in 1780 and was in the battle of Camden, and also served three months in 1781. Hawley was 81 years old in 1839. Billy Hughes and Sarah Murray were married 25 Dec, 1782. Children: Charity Mason. Rebecca Ward. Sarah Thompson. Polly Hughes. John M. Hughes. (Certificate of Recorder of Court, dated 1850.) John Hughes deposed, in 1840, that he was intimately acquainted with the family, and that William had a relative, Jane Hughes, his aunt, now deceased, to whom he paid his money during enlistment. Sally Hughes, in 1850, was allowed a pension for six months' service of William Hughes. (Widow, 7,825.) William Hughes died 13 Nov., 1834. His widow, Mary, was granted a pension. She died 19 Oct., 1845, leaving children: Judith Russell, Sarah Hughes, John S. Hughes, Thomas Hughes, Mary Hughes. William Hughes in 1833 was a resident of Lincoln County, Ky. He was a captain in the Virginia line. Papers were filed proving his marriage and family. William Hughes born 5 July, 1783; married 4 July, 1810. His wife was born 18 Sept., 1786. Tharp Hughes was born 25 Oct., 181 — . William Hughes departed this life Nov. 15, 1834, in the eighty (sic) year of liis age. Marriage bond, signed by William Hughes and William Russle, dated 3 July, 1810, that William Hughes and Polly Russle intend marriage. OTHER FAMILIES — VIRGINIA 483 Marriage bond dated 18 May, 1795, Thomas Young and Elizabeth Hughes; filed in Lincoln County, Ky. Deposition of John S. Hughes of Lincoln County, son of William Hughes, who died 1834. His mother died a few years since. His father had the following children: BlRKETT. Betsey, married Thomas Young. Mary or Polly, married Francis Hughes. Sally, who was living. William, married Mary Russell. Juddy, married Joseph Russle. Tharp. John S., the deponent. Lotty, married Tharp Hall. Pratt. Sophia. Of these five are now living. The deponent was born 7 June, 1791, and brother William was about eight years old. Sally, older than William, is now seventy years old, and lives with deponent, who entered the United States service at age 22 years in the War against Great Britain, and was in the battle called Dudley's Defeat. Dated 12 July, 1850. Col. James Davison, aged 72 years, 1850, deposed that he was a resi- dent of Frankfort, Ky., and from earliest days knew William Hughes and his family. Burkett was a very stout man, and about the age of deponent's brother, Samuel Davidson, who was born about 1769-70. The other children were Reuben, Betsey, Mary or Polly, Sally, William, Juddy, Fanny, Thorp, John, Thomas, Lotty, Pratt and Sophia. They lived about a mile distant. John S. Hughes is about 59 years old, and no man in Lincoln County is better entitled to credit in historical state- ments. The whole family is highly respectable. Deponent was in command of a company in the last war with Great Britain, and was wounded. (Widow, 8,964.) THE CAROLINAS,* ALABAMA AND GEORGIA Nicholas Hughes had a grant of 287 acres in Washington County, Ga., Sept., 1784. The following month William Hughes had a grant of 200 acres in Wilkes County. (Council Records.) William Hughes, a smith, who had settled at Abercorn, Carolina, was newly gone from there on 8 Feb., 1738, "which showed him to be an arrant rascal, Mr. Causton having lately supplied him with pro- visions." (Stephen's Journal.) " These persons went off privately at night, said to be run away, Hughes, a young fellow, tallow chandler, who of late has not applied himself to any business of any kind. 28 Sept., 1738." (Ibid.) Revolutionary Pension Records John Hughs of McMim County, East Tennessee, aged about 80, applied for a pension 5 Sept., 1832. He enlisted under Capt. Sevier and was in the battle of Wattagoa river. Served six months. Resided in Burke County, N. C. After this he was called out under Sinclair, and served "some time." His captain was Jacob Tipton. He was in " Sinclair's defeat." Although he was engaged in a number of skir- mishes with Tories, he is too old to recall the details. He moved from Burke Co., N. C, to Blount Co., Term., thence to McMim Co., where he now resides. His pension was paid to 4 Sept., 1834. (Inv., 1,536.) William Hughes of Shelby County, Ala., aged about 80 years, applied for a pension 20 Aug., 1832. He entered the service in 1776, then living in Walke County, N. C, and served under Capt. Drury Kade, of which company William Bugg was lieutenant, in the regiment commanded by Col. Benjamin Few. Capt. Kade resigned at the end of three months and was succeeded by Capt. Ignatius Few, who was taken prisoner in the battle of Nassau, in which Hughes participated, and was succeeded by Capt. Williams. They were principally em- ployed in scouting on the rivers Satilla and Allamahaw in Georgia, operating against the British and Indians and Tories. Major James Moore of North Carolina was in command, and from him Hughes re- * Edward Hughes, printer, publisher of the S. C. Gazette, died 30 July, 1772. Gbeexberry IlidiKs, also a printer, married Abigail* daughter of John Muncreef, M April, 1785. John Huoiies married Bulah Lawton, 29 Jan., 1801 (S. C. Gazette). Apparently all were of Charleston, 484 CAROLINA, ALABAMA, GEORGIA 485 ceived his discharge, after a service of 18 months, at Purysburg on the Savannah River. He again volunteered for five months, in the North Carolina militia, in company of Capt. Woodson, of which company Daniel and James Harad were lieutenants, in Collier's regiment. Gen. Rutherford was in command. Participated in the battle in which Gen. Sh was defeated at Brier Creek in Georgia, below Augusta. His third enlistment was for two months in a company of N. C. Volunteers under Capt. Mathew McCallers of Wake County. He fought under " old General Butler " against Col. Fanin and Hector McNeil, tories, the latter being killed on Cane Creek in North Car- olina. Hughes knew Col. William Washington. Hughes was born in Bladen District in South Carolina, in 1752, and was living near Raleigh in Wake County when he enlisted. He removed from there in 1783 to Richmond County, Ga., thence to Columbia County, thence to Warren County, and thence to Montgomery County, thence to Franklin County, where he resided nine years. In 1813 he removed to Alabama, his present home. There were no regular officers with the troops with which he served. Sarah Hughes of Shelby County, aged about 73, widow of William Hughes, applied for pension 4 Nov., 1839. She was married about three years after the war, by Charles Crawford, in Columbia County, Ga. Her husband died 24 April, 1833, leaving a family. Martha J. Evans of Shelby County deposed in 1854 that she knew Syltha Harper, formerly Hughes, was 66 years old, and William Hughes was 62, Abner A. Hughes of Chambers County, Ala., 58, Henrietta Powell of Shelby County, 54, Jeptha Hughes of Union Parish, La., 52, Mary E. Chapman of the same, 45, and all were chil- dren of William and Sarah Hughes. Said Sarah Hughes and herself, about 1840, went to Coosa County, Ala., to live in the family of her son-in-law, Simon Chapman, wife of Mary E. Chapman above men- tioned, and was living with them in Union Parish in 1851-2. She died there 23 Aug., 1853, between 89 and 90 years of age. William Hughes was appointed administrator on the estate of his mother, Sarah Hughes, 26 Oct., 1855, in Shelby County, Alabama. Family record of Syltha Harper, from her Bible: Benjamin Harper, born 29 Sept., 1787. Syltha Harper, born 22 March, 1788. William Harper, their first born, born 15 April, 1811. Sarah E. Harper, born 2 Sept., 1812. Lewrana C. Harper, born 22 Sept., 1814. Rebecca I. Harper, born 9 April, 1815. Aleatha C. Harper, born 12 June, 1817- Elizabeth Ann Harper, born 2 Feb., 1818. James H. Harper, born 30 Nov., 1821. 486 OTHER FAMILIES Mary Ann Harper, born 14 Aug., 1825. Martha Harper, born 4 Jan., 1826. Henryette Harper, born 26 Nov., 1828. Benjamin Harper and Syltha Hughes, married 10 July, 1810. (Widow, 7,822.) Joseph Hughes died 20 April, 1844, in Newberry District, S. C. His son, Thomas S. Hughes of Habersham County, Ga., aged 46 years, applied in 1847 for arrears of pension due his father, claiming to be an only son. He declared that his father served under Capt. Jolly and Capt. Palmer, alternately, as a horseman, from Feb., 1779, to Feb., 1780; that he served as lieutenant of horse a year and upwards from May, 1780, to June, 1781, in Jolly's company, and from June, 1781, to August, 1782, as captain of horse in Col. Brandon's regiment; that he married in 1790 Sarah Shaw, who died in 1807. Copy of pay account of Joseph Hughes in the South Carolina line, shows that Joseph Hughes served 190 days as horseman from 3 Feb., 1779, to 13 Feb., 1780, in company commanded by Jolly and Palmer, and 415 days as lieutenant in Capt. Jolly's company from 7 May, 1780, to 13 June, 1781, and 374 days as captain from 25 June, 1781, to 18 Aug., 1782, in Col. Brandon's regiment. Information was filed that Thomas S. Hughes had a brother, Joseph, living within a few days' ride of him when he made affidavit that he was only surviving son, and that he concealed from said brother the fact he had received $6,000 back pension money, but paid him $100 as his share. Attorneys for Joseph brought the matter before the Bureau, and instituted civil suit against Thomas S. Hughes, and the case was still under consideration in 1855. It was stated by Thomas that he supposed his brother dead, and that Joseph was not competent to act for himself, etc. In 1849, William Loveless, aged 70 years, Garret White, aged 72 years, and Simeon White, aged 74 years, depose they knew Joseph Hughes of Newberry from his early youth, and of his service in the Revolution as a private and as captain, and that on all appropriate oc- casions he was brought forward as a veteran of the Revolution. James Swinford deposed that Hughes guarded the women and children at Brandon's Bull Pen, where they had sought refuge from the British. Joseph Hughes married Sarah Shaw in Newberry District, 20 Sept., 1790, and had five children, of whom Thomas S. was the only one known to be living, but from other testimony it appears that Joseph was living in Franklin Count}', Ga. Thomas S. Hughes procured a pension for his mother-in-law, Mrs. Perdue. (Invalid, 7,047.) CAROLINA, ALABAMA, GEORGIA 487 Peter Hughs of Sullivan County, Tenn., applied for pension 22 August, 1832, then aged 70 years. At a very early age he came to the Holston country from the frontier of North Carolina (now Tennessee), on Beaver Creek, and after remaining there some time, he was ordered out, before the outbreak of the Revolution, on a tour of two months against the Cherokee Indians, and under Capt. Robert Craig marched into what is now Russell County, Va., where he served his term as a ranger. In the fall of 1777 he volunteered again, and 20 August, 1778, he marched under Capt. Taylor against the Shawnees and Dela- wares in Ohio. At Fort Mcintosh they joined Col. Mcintosh and under his command proceeded to perform fatigue duty at the fort. At the end of his eight months' term of enlistment, he returned with Capt. Taylor to Holston country and was discharged. In September, 1780, he again volunteered under Capt. Craig, and marched with Col. Camp- bell's command against Ferguson, who was understood to be contem- plating crossing the mountains and taking possession of the lead mines of Virginia in Wythe county. The company joined McDowell's com- mand at Gap Creek in what is now Chester County, Tenn. The com- mands of Col. Campbell, Shelby, McDowell, Sevier, and Cleveland joined before arriving at King's Mountain, where they met Ferguson, and on the top of the mountain the British were surrounded. In the engagement which ensued Ferguson was killed and his army of 800 taken prisoners. Hughes was one of the guard which accompanied the prisoners to near Salisbury, where the North Carolina militia received them and Craig's company was dismissed after a three months' tour of duty. Sometime after this Hughes volunteered under Col. Sevier against the Indians, joined the troops at Big Creek and crossed at Dotsen's Ford of Holston and continued on to (Telleec?) Plains, where they burned the town, corn and other property. This tour of duty was two months. In September of the next year Hughes volunteered under Col. Lynch to go to the lead mines in Wythe County at New River, to prevent the British gaining possession, and was on guard duty there for two months. Jacob Bealer deposed in 1832 that he knew Peter Hughes served against the Shawnees and Delawares, and served with him until Bealer himself was detached under Capt. Carmack to go to Ft. Lawrence on the Muskingum river, in December, and that Hughes served under Capt. Archibald Taylor. Benjamin Bealer deposed to the same effect. Lucy Hughes, widow of Peter, applied for pension, 1850. She was a resident of Washington County, Va., aged 88 years. She was mar- ried 8 May, 1787- Peter Hughes died 22 May, 1849. 488 OTHER FAMILIES Caleb Morrill deposed 5 Sept., 1850, that he has known David Huges 55 years, and that he is the eldest son of Peter and Lucy Huges, and that Lucy was formerly Lucy Blevins, and that they lived a mile and a half from where Morrell was born, and had children, David, George, Nancy Starling and William, all born prior to 1800. The family lived in Sullivan County, Tenn., until a late date when they removed to Washington County, Va., where Peter since deceased. Samuel Rhea of Blountville wrote in 1847 that his old friend, Peter Hughes, has had some difficulty in drawing his pension. His grandson has built a house for his grandfather and his daughter, and, as there is nowhere else he can go and be so comfortable, he desires his pension paid at Jonesboro. (Widow, 7,823.) John Hughes of Henderson County, Ky., died 19 Sept., 1830 or 1834. He made application for pension, stating that in 1776 he en- listed on the county of Warren, N. C, for three years, and served as orderly sergeant in the company of Capt. Coles in the 9th regiment of the quota of North Carolina, commanded by Col. M , and was discharged from company commanded by Capt. Somers at the end of the war, then being in Col. Thomas Clarke's regiment. His widow Esther, aged 85, applied for pension, stating that her husband had died at Henderson, Ky., 19 Sept., 1830, and that they were married 8 Sept., 1781, in Carlisle, Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, by Rev. Mr. Hogg. Treasury books show that payments were made to the said John Hughes as late as 1834. In 1820 John Hughes gave his estate as consisting of only a lame mare and $20, and stated that all his children had left him, and that his wife was 66 years old in April, 1820. In this declaration he alleges he was orderly sergeant in Capt. John Somers' company, Col. Thomas Clarke's 4th N. C. line, regiment, and that he was in the battle of Monmouth. (Widow, 8,954.) James Hughes served in the North Carolina line. He left a widow Sarah, who was aged 74 in 1843. In 1841 she was a resident of Cas- well county, N. C. Her husband died in 1809. His service was eight and one-half months in the infantry under Capt. Thompson. This company was stationed from October, 1778, for five months at Purys- burg on the Savannah river and other places. He served three months in 1781, enlisting in September, to rescue Gov. Burke and the troops taken prisoners with him (probably at Hillsboro by Col. Fanning), and engaged in the pursuit of Fanning. This service was in a company commanded by Capt. Hodges, and was from 15 September until last of December, 1781. James and Sarah Hughes were married in the fall of 1789, by John Walker, Esq. CAROLINA, ALABAMA, GEORGIA 489 Children (from a Bible record) : Andrew, born 13 June, 1790. John, born 19 June, 1792. Elizabeth, born 12 April, 1794. Martha, born 30 Nov., 1798. Samuel, born 31 June, 1803. William, born 4 Feb., 1806. The Bible record also records the following: Irenea Ann Mason, born 10 Dec, 1814. Marinda Mason, born 5 Nov., 1816. Sarah Jane Mason, born 20 March, 1819. Martha Woodes Mason, born 4 Dec, 1820. Henry Carter Mason, born 10 May, 1823. James Eperson Mason, born 25 July, 1825. William Mason, born 23 Dec, 1827. John Dolly of Orange County, N. C, aged about 87, testified con- cerning Thompson's company of militia in 1778, and the marriage of James Hughes. John Hughes of Caswell, aged 75, deposed he was a younger brother of James, and witnessed his marriage, by John Walker, Esq., in Oct., 1789, to Sarah Patton. James Turner of Orange County, aged 78, deposed regarding the service of Capt. Joseph Young's company. Sarah Hughes was pensioned, and was living in 1848. (Widow, 3,818.) James Hues, a resident of Maury County, in September, 1832, aged 79 years, applied for a pension. He stated that he was born in Orange County, N. C, in 1753, and was living there at the time of his enlist- ment, which was as a drafted militia man for the term of three months under Capt. George Oldham, Col. Steven Moore's regiment. He marched under command of Gen. Caswel, to the Cheraw Hills. He performed a second tour of duty as a volunteer under Capt. Dinon, watching the Tories in Orange, Chatham and Randolph counties. He was afterward drafted for a third tour, under Capt. Reynolds, and was employed as a picket guard watching the movements of the British under Lord Cornwallis, and participated in a skirmish at Rudy Fork of the Haw River. The commander was Col. Moore. The Americans were compelled to retreat before a superior force of British, two or three weeks before the Battle of Guilford. His fourth tour of duty was as one of the guards under command of Capt. John Oldham, to the General Assembly sitting at Hillsboro in 1782. About five or six years after the treaty of peace he moved to Georgia, and lived there five or ten years, thence moved to Maury County, Tenn., in 1816-17- Rachel Hues, widow of the above, died leaving three children, viz.: Elizabeth Davis, James Hues, and David Hues. James Hues of the county of Lawrence, Tenn., aged 64, deposed 490 OTHER FAMILIES 3 Feb., 1851, that he was the child of James and Rachel Hues; that his father was a pensioner for Revolutionary service, and died 28 Feb., 1835; that his mother, whose maiden name was Rachel Rutherun, never remarried, and died 27 Oct., 1842. James and Rachel were married in North Carolina in 1775, and prior to November, 1785, had four children, viz.: Isabella, Catherine, David, Elizabeth, James, born 2 Jan., 1786. James and Rachel moved from North Carolina to Pickens District, S. C, about 1791, thence to Franklin County, Ga., about 1810, and thence to Lincoln County, Tenn., about 1818, thence to Lawrence County, Tenn., in 1820, and in 1822 took up their residence in Maury County. A record appended gives date of birth of James Hughes as 1751; Rachel, born 22 Nov., 1755; their children: Isabella, born 25 Aug., 1776. Catherine, born 20 Nov., 1779. Elizabeth, born 21 April, 1783. James, born 2 Jan., 1786. David, born 24 Oct., 1791. (Rejected, 5,342.) John Hughes died in Wayne County, Ky., 2 May, 1837, leaving a widow, Nancy E., to whom he was married at James Town, Tenn., 9 Jan., 1808, and whose maiden name was Wilson. On 13 Jan., 1873, she applied for a pension, alleging that John Hughes served under Greene in the North Carolina militia in 1782, and was in the battle of Guilford, serving in the company of Jesse Neil ; and that his discharge was lost by fire. She was a resident of Pulaski, Ky., in 1873 and was aged 92 years. Her application was refused, because when a soldier failed to establish during his lifetime his right to a pension, it could not after- ward be granted. Moreover the Department failed to find a record of his service in the Virginia troops. (Rejected, 15,282.) Joseph Hughes, aged 71 in October, 1833, applied that year for a pension, which was granted. He was then living in Alabama. He served one year, two months and twenty days as a private; one year, seven months and fourteen day's as lieutenant; and six months as captain. I lis declaration is most interesting. He was born in 1760, or 1761, in Chester District, South Carolina. Previous to his birtli his parents h;id settled there as refugees after an Indian in- CAROLINA, ALABAMA, GEORGIA 491 vasion. After Marion's treaty of peace with the Indians they returned to their farm on Broad river in Union District, S. C, later Ninety-Six District. He enlisted in the South Carolina militia when between 14 and 15 years of age, and served under Capt. Jolly in the campaign against the Seneca towns, in Col. John Thomas' regiment. He served throughout the campaign and during the raids on the Cherokee towns. The term of service was fourteen weeks, during which the command suffered severely from hunger and thirst. He next joined Gen. Wil- liamson's expedition against the Florida Indians, being, he thought, in Palmer's company. They had one skirmish with Tories on the San- tillo, the enemy being commanded by Burntfoot Brown. After their return he was stationed at Augusta, Ga., under command of Gen. Wil- liamson. In May, 1780, he was called out to defend Charleston. He was in Brandon's regiment. When the command reached Conga- Tee river news came that Charleston was taken. About this time he was commissioned as 1st lieutenant in a company commanded by Capt. Benjamin Jolly, in Brandon's regiment. After this he was in various expeditions and participated in skirmishes with the Tories. He was with the command defeated by Bill Cunningham and Col. Nealy, who commanded a force of Tories, and fled with all the other Georgia and North Carolina troops, who refused protection under the British, to North Carolina, and rendezvoused on the Catawba river, and there elected Thomas Sumpter their general, and participated in the defense made by him. After this he served under Col. Washington, and under Gen. Morgan at the Cowpens, and on that occasion was in command of the company and was wounded in the hand by one of Tarleton's troop- ers. Soon after he was commissioned captain, and served until the close of the war. He participated, as captain, in the battle of Eutaw Springs. During the war his residence was with his father, and he remained there until 1825. As eldest son, he inherited the farm when his father was murdered by Tories at the very end of the war. In 1825 he removed to Green County, Ala., and settled on the line between Green and Pickens, but in the fall of 1829 moved across into Pickens county, where he resided at time of application for pension. Besides the engagements above mentioned he was in the battle of King's Mountain, and many other engagements. (Invalid, 31,764: Ctf. 13,339). In 1788-9 he was sheriff of Union District and his papers were lost at that time, his house being destroyed by fire. PENSIONERS WAR OF 1812. WAR OF 1812 Notes from Pension Records Elihu Hewes died at Hermon, Me., 7 July, 1879. He enlisted at Bangor 11 August, 1812, and was discharged at Eastport 30 Dec, 1812, serving in company commanded by Capt. Joshua Chamberlain in Col. Shead's regiment of Massachusetts militia. He received two land bounty warrants for eighty acres each. His first claim for a pension was rejected in 1871, but afterward allowed. His wife, Betsy, died 15 Dec, 1870, at Hermon. She was his second wife. Sylvester C. Hewes, aged 71 years, and Rosannah Kimball, aged 51 years, both of Hermon, depose in 1879 that they were present at the marriage of Elihu Hewes and Betsy Crocker, both of Hermon, in March, 1838. The marriage is not recorded, but intention of marriage is dated 26 March, 1838. Elihu Hewes was town clerk of Hermon. He was five feet nine inches in height, brown hair, blue or grayish eyes, light complexion, and a farmer. (27,263.) John Hughes of Washington County, Maine, was pensioned in 1872. He was probably of Charlotte. His pension was discontinued in 1882 as unclaimed. In application made 24 April, 1871, he stated he was then a resident of Charlotte, aged 87 years, and that he married on the 17 July, 1808, at Dennysville, Abigail Smith. He enlisted at Eastport, June, 1812, and re-enlisted at Waldoboro, May, 1813, in the 21st regiment, and was discharged at Sackett's Harbor, May, 1814. He was at the battle of Plattsburg, and at the taking of Fort Erie and another fort in Canada. He was in company commanded by Capt. I. Drew. (17,730.) Dennison Hughes enlisted in Onondaga County, N. Y., 10 Oct., 1814, and was discharged at Sackett's Harbor 15 Nov., 1814. He served in the company of Capt. Michael Mead, also in company com- manded by Capt. Henry Hughes. He died 11 June, 1874, in Paulding County, Ohio. He was born in Onondaga County, N. Y., and was fourteen years of age at time of enlistment. Height, 5 feet 10 inches, black hair and eyes, florid complexion. Lived in Vernon, Ind., and Antwerp, Ohio. His widow, Hannah Barnes, was aged 74 years in 1878. They were married at Vernon, Ind., 16 Sept., 1820, and had the following children: 493 494 PENSIONERS Mary Ann, born 22 March, 1822. Eliza Jane, born 21 Feb., 1824. Andrew Jackson, born 8 Nov., 1827. (Lorzilla) Priscilla, born 1 May, 1830. Robert Barnes, born 2 Dec, 1831. William Sprague, born 8 May, 1834. Dennison Samuel, born 12 Oct., 1836. Jasper Newton, born 28 March, 1837. Edward Hughes enlisted in company commanded by Capt. Loel Gillet, New York militia, 14 Sept., 1814, and was discharged 3 De- cember following. He was stationed at Fort Greenwich. He died at Sidney 10 Nov., 1863. His widow Lois was aged 85 years in May, 1871. Marion L. Borst, aged 32 years, a granddaughter, supplied the following family record: Edward Hughes, born 20 Dec, 1790. Lois Balcom, born 22 May, 1786. They were married 1 June, 1810. Nancy A. Thrall was a daughter. (2,303.) John Hughes of Schuyler, N. Y., in 1871, was then aged 76 years. His wife, whom he had married fifty-six years previously, was then blind. He had received two land warrants, aggregating 160 acres. Enlisted in New York militia, in company commanded by Capt. L. Hutchins, 1 Sept., 1813. He was discharged 8 Nov., 1813. He also served from 5 Oct. to 11 Nov., 1814. (6,969.) John M. Hughes died at Cleveland, 27 May, 1871. He enlisted at Mendon, N. Y., 28 Dec, 1813 and was discharged 1 April following. He served in company commanded by Capt. Levi Duncan. He made application for pension in February, 1871, then aged 71 years. He was twice married. His first wife, Dorothy, died at Albany, N. Y., 24 March, 1844, and was buried in Victor. He married at West Charlton, N. Y., 4 May, 1847, Eliza Bowlsly, who was living in 1887, aged 74 or 75 years, at 163 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. John M. Hughes had lived in Albany and in Pittsburg, Pa., and after his second marriage at Cleveland. (21,179.) Daniel Hughes in 1871 resided in Hillsboro, 111., and was then aged 77 years. He enlisted December, 1812, and was employed as teamster to haul provisions from Delaware, Ohio, to the lakes. He was a private in the company commanded by Capt. Chotard, 3d U. S. Inf. He died 2 Sept., 1882, leaving a widow Martha, whom he mar- ried at Buckskin township, Ross County, Ohio, 24 Dec, 1830. She was Martha Kerr. Her daughter Esther married Robert Hagood. Lived in Montgomery County, Ohio. (3,640, 32,781.) WAR OF 1812 495 John Hughes served from 11 Jan., to 22 Feb., 1814, in company- commanded by Capt. David Clark in Pennsylvania militia. At time of enlistment he weighed 175 pounds, was five feet eleven inches in height, light hair, blue eyes, and was light complexioned. He died at Shelby, Ohio, 26 July, 1862. He was twice married; his first wife, Elizabeth, died about 15 Oct., 1852. His second wife was Hetty Hunter, widow of William McCreary, who died in Iowa City, Iowa, August, 1843. She died 16 May, 1889, probably at or near Shiloh, Ohio. Thomas S. Kester of Tiffin, Ohio, in 1889, appears as administrator of his " mother, widow of John Hughes." Joseph P. Hunter, aged 59 years, of Richland County, Ohio, and Benjamin Hunter, aged 63, brothers of Hetty Hughes, depose, in 1879, that she married John Hughes 24 Dec, 1858, near Mansfield, Ohio. James Hughes, a son of John, was aged 56 years in 1879. (26,008.) Robert Hughes of Jasper County, Texas, in 1870, made application for a pension, which was rejected. He enlisted in 1814 from Scioto County, Ohio, in company of Capt. John Van Meter, and marched to Ft. Meigs, where he remained until his discharge, 21 Feb., 1815. He had had two land warrants of 80 acres each. At time of his enlistment, he was living on the Scioto river. (15,276.) Samuel Hughes died in Adams County, Ohio, 15 Feb., 1868, leaving a widow Martha, who as Martha Smith he had married at Decatur, Ohio, 18 May, 1815, and who died 1 Dec, 1882. He served in com- pany commanded by Capt. Caleb Hockins in Ohio militia. He enlisted at Killingstown, Ohio, for three months and served in company of Capt. Marckland; also in July, 1814, in regiment commanded by Col. Daniel Collier. He had dark hair and eyes, and was dark complexioned, was five feet six inches in height. Since his discharge he lived in Browne County and in Rattlesnake County, now Clinton County, Ohio. He served in Hoskins' company from 31 Jan. to 10 April, 1815. His widow was of Wheat Ridge, Ohio, and aged 78 in 1878, when she applied for a pension. (17,613.) William Hughes of Delphi, Ind., aged 85 years, applied for a pen- sion in 1871. He enlisted in Ohio, in February, 1814, and was dis- charged at Sandusky in the following August. He served on the upper Sandusky. He married at Newcastle, Ind., 6 June, 1817, Jane Jameson. (7,308.) William Hughes died 28 August, 1874. He served in the Mary- land militia, 19 Aug., to 30 Nov., 1814, about Baltimore, in the com- 496 PENSIONERS pany of Capt. Joseph H. Nicholson. He had black hair and eyes, and ruddy complexion, and was about five feet six inches in height. He was married at Pittsburg, Pa., 10 June, 1819, and about 1822 removed from Pittsburg to Neville, Ohio, and afterward to Cincinnati. Emily N. Hughes lived in Cincinnati in 1878, aged 76 years. (13,631.) Taylor Hughes served as a private and sergeant in company com- manded by Capts. W. H. Hitchcock and H. S. Ruffe in the Maryland militia. His widow Mary, living in Illinois, applied for a pension in 1879. (21,815.) Zachariah Hughes enlisted in the 1st regiment, U. S. artillery, 15 Dec, 1812, to serve for five years, and died in the service 26 Dec, 1813. His widow, Elizabeth Hughes, guardian of the heirs of Zachariah Hughes, was of Georgetown. The children were: Camden Riley, born 2 March, 1806, and Isaac Riley, born 17 Sept., 1810. (27,135.) John Hughes was a private in company in North Carolina militia commanded by Capt. Blue. His widow Effie, then living in North Carolina, received a pension in 1879. (27,526.) James Hughes of Pickins County, S. C, applied for a pension in 1871 for service in South Carolina militia. His application was re- jected. (6,063.) John Hughes served in a company commanded by Capt. Stamp in the Georgia militia. He left a widow Sarah, who was pensioned in 1872. (2,506.) John Hughes of Macon, Ga., served as fifer in company commanded by Capt. Colson in Gen. Twigg's regiment, Georgia militia. He died 21 Dec, 1851, leaving a widow, Millie, whose application for a pension was rejected 16 April, 1879. (21,559.) Joseph Hughes, aged 72 years, of Oglethorpe County, Ga., enlisted in the navy as " boy " 22 July, 1811. Served first under Capt. Mur- rel. He was transferred to gunboat Surprise, Capt. McRiver. He was stationed in the Gulf of Mexico, and was discharged at New Orleans 21 October, 1816. He married Lavina Powell, in Oglethorpe county, 27 May, 1845. (21,003.) Thomas Hughes made application for a pension in 1873, stating he was 85 years of age and resided in St. Helena parish, La. He was married there, September, 1831, to Mercy Curtis, "now living." He enlisted in a company commanded by Isaac Johnson in Young's regi- WAR OF 1812 497 ment, 25 Dec, 1814, and was dismissed at New Orleans 11 March, 1815. He was at the breastworks at the battle of New Orleans, 8 January, and after the battle was sent across the river to re-enforce General Morgan. His widow applied for a pension 20 Feb., 1884, stating that she was then aged 72 years and a resident of Tangipahoa Parish, La., and that her husband died there 17 Nov., 1883. Thomas Hughes was five feet ten inches in height, with dark hair and eyes and complexion. He weighed 135 pounds and was born in Mississippi. He was a farmer. (21,003.) Edward Hughes received a pension (24,113). He was a corporal in company commanded by Captain G. Henry in the Pennsylvania militia from the 1 Sept. to 4 Dec, 1814, serving about Baltimore. He was aged 78 years in Sept., 1871. He died 11 June, 1873, leaving a widow Mary (Hise), whom he married 8 Dec, 1816, in York County, Pa., and who in 1875 was of Newark, 111. She died 9 July, 1877- (11,372.) Elias R. Hughes was of Rush, Pa., in 1872. He enlisted at Sche- nectady, N. Y., 25 May, 1812, for five years, in 6th U. S. Infantry. He was assigned to the company commanded by Capt. H. Shell. He was discharged from the 2d infantry 25 May, 1817. He was captured at Charleston 3 October, 1812, and paroled there 25 March, 1813. He was in the battle of Queenstown 13 Oct., 1812, where he was taken prisoner and carried to Quebec. He was paroled to Boston and ex- changed in time to join in the battle of Plattsburg 11 Sept., 1814, being in Cols. Leavenworth and Pickney's regiment. After the peace the 6th, 16th, 22d, 23d, and 32d regiments were consolidated. (20,210). From a letter, dated 1895, from M. McNaught, a grand- daughter, of Binghamton, N. Y., it appears that his first wife was Ellen DeLancy and that she had married to Mr. Dodge. By her Hughes had two children, viz. : Thomas R. Hughes, a pensioner of the Civil War, and Jane, the mother of the writer. George Hughes served in Capt. Hoffman's company, Pennsylvania militia. He left a widow, Margaret, living in 1879. (16,758.) James Hughes of Utica, Ohio, applied for pension in 1871 for service in Pennsylvania militia. Rejected. (6,204.) James Hughes served in company commanded by Capt. Maguire in Pennsylvania militia. His widow Jane was living in 1884. (33,770.) Jeremiah Hughes served in company commanded by Capt. Old in 498 PENSIONERS Pennsylvania militia. His widow Margaret was living in Pennsylvania in 1879. (19,604.) John Hughes of Pennsylvania served on the U. S. ship Essex. He was living in Pennsylvania in 1872. (13,435.) John Hughes served in company commanded by Capt. M. Miller in Pennsylvania militia. He was living in Pennsylvania in 1872. (16,225.) John Hughes of Carlisle, Pa., in 1826, and of Harrisburg in 1827, obtained a pension. He claimed to have been wounded in the service in the left arm, in battle near Chippewa in 1814. He was a private in company of Pennsylvania militia commanded by Capt. Samuel White. He enlisted 26 February and was discharged 24 August, 1814. It was proved the wound was obtained while mowing, after discharge from the service, and his pension cancelled. He was living in 1832. (3,078.) Samuel Hughes enlisted 19 Sept., and was discharged 12 Dec, 1814. He served in a company of Pennsylvania militia commanded by Capt. McGill. He was married to Mary Johnson 2 May, 1810, in Westmoreland County, Pa., who was aged 77 years, in 1871, and was then living at Phillipstown. He died in White County, 111., 31 Oct., 1844. (1,432.) Thomas Hughes served in the Pennsylvania militia. He left a widow, Catherine, who was living in Pennsylvania in 1878. (8,738.) Stephen Hughes died 11 June, 1843. He served in the Pennsyl- vania militia in a company commanded by Capt. William Kepler. His widow Catherine M. Hughes of Brownsville, Union County, Pa., ap- plied for a pension in 1873, but her claim was rejected. (4,757-) David Hughes was married near Washington, Fayette County, Ohio, 24 May, 1818, to Emily Whitsett. He was born near Louisville, Ky., and died at Springfield, Ohio, 19 July, 1870. He lived from 1815 to 1829 at Wilmington, and since then at Springfield. He had brown hair, hazel eyes, and was very energetic and quick motioned. He was a farmer. His widow Emily applied for a pension in 1879. then being aged 77. a resident of Springfield. He was a captain of a company in Col. Hinkson's regiment, and served as adjutant. This was the 3d regiment, 2d brigade, Ohio militia. He was commander of a company organized in Clinton County in 1810, and was elected adjutant at the beginning of the war. He went with his regiment to St. Mary's, then WAR OF 1812 499 Indian Territory, and was in actual service four months. He was hon- orably discharged. The application for a pension was denied because the name of Mr. Hughes did not appear on any roll, except in 1813 as captain of an independent company. David was son of Jesse Hughes, one of the first associate judges of Clinton County, and was well-known in Ohio (letter of Bennett F. Witt of Indianapolis, 1879). His widow was aged 78 years in 1879. She was daughter of Joseph Whitsett and was born near Cynthiania, Ky., 30 April, 1801. She was the mother of Mrs. Caldwell of Greenfield. From a letter written by her, it appears that she came from Kentucky in 1814, and that her husband David was born in 1791, near Louisville. When quite a small boy David accompanied his father to Wilmington, Ohio, where his father bought 200 acres, cleared a farm and built a large barn, in which was held the first court in Clinton County. (See H. Howes: Ohio Historical Collections.) The county was organized in 1810. When David Hughes was elected captain he mustered the men in his father's field. Warren Sabin kept a tavern in Wilmington about that time. Jesse Hughes served as associate judge with Thomas Hinkson and Aaron Burr. After Hull's surrender, in 1812, some troops as- sembled at Urbana and other points to repel the savages. Capt. Thomas Hinkson offered his services to Gen. Meigs, who was then at Urbana, and was given command of one of the two companies of rangers to be raised by requisition of the president, with liberty to select his own officers. Hinkson reported for duty with his company in 1813, and was afterward appointed colonel of the 3d regiment, 2d brigade. David Hughes left a widow, Elizabeth, who in or about 1870 was of Flat Rock, Ky., when she applied for a pension, asserting that her husband had served in the Kentucky militia. A. J. Hughes appears in the case. Claim rejected. (15,285.) William Hughes, a private in company commanded by Capt. Berry, Kentucky militia, left a widow, Elizabeth, who was a pensioner in 1879. (20,234.) William Hughes, aged 69 years in 1861, of Ripley County, Indiana, applied for a pension, claiming he enlisted at Lancaster, Ky., 1 Aug., 1812, in Capt. John Faulkner's company, Col. Davenport's regi- ment of Kentucky militia. He was in the battle of the Thames and Moraviantown, after which they marched to Detroit, and to the Carcow river, where their horses had been left thirty days before. Hundreds of the horses had died. In October he was taken sick with the cold plague. An ulcer formed on his leg which as 500 PENSIONERS fast as cured canie in another place. His claim was rejected. (15,272.) Abner Hughs was pensioned in 1871. He died 25 Feb., 1876. He served in company commanded by Capt. J. H. Sowers in the Virginia mnitia. (2,807.) Anderson Hughes died in Gallia County, Ohio, 20 Feb., 187-1. He enlisted in company commanded by Capt. John Walkup in 1812 and was discharged 13 April, 1815, as per discharge on file. He married Permelia Mathews, who died about May, 1854, after which he married in Gallia county, May, 1856, Delilah, widow of George Cress who had died in August, 1840. Delilah was aged 73 years in 1881, and was of Pike County, Ohio. Her application for pension was rejected. (41,105.) Bolan Hughes served in company commanded by Capt. Gilson Viers in the Virginia militia. He is otherwise described as serving in com- pany commanded by Capt. Atkinson, in which company Viers was a lieutenant. It appears that Viers was lieutenant in Capt. James At- kinson's company, but the name of Bolan Hughes is not found on the rolls of said company. Hughes was aged 18 at enlistment, and 81 at his death, 6 July, 1877, at Princeton, Ind. He was a brother-in-law of Gilson Vier. He removed from Virginia to Kentucky, thence to Indiana. He married near Danville, Ky., 24 Sept., 1818, Rhoda Dur- ham, who, in 1886, was of Princeton, Ind., aged 86 years. Hughes was five feet six inches in height, fair complexion, black hair and blue eyes. Application rejected. (44,220.) Charles Hughes was a private in company commanded by Capt. I. Medley, of which Poole was lieutenant, in Virginia militia. His widow Judith of Virginia applied for a pension in 1878. (10,505.) Edward Hughes, a private in Virginia militia, left a widow Joice. She was of Virginia in 1878, when she applied for a pension. (10,959.) Edward P. Hughes served as private in company commanded by Capt. Sanford in Virginia militia. He left a widow Martha C, who applied for a pension in 1883. (32,906.) Isaac Hughes served as private in company commanded by Capt. Thomas Creamer, in the Virginia militia. His widow Nancy, of Ohio, was pensioned. She was living in 1880. (29,053.) WAR OF 1812 501 Jeremiah Hughes served as a private in company commanded by Capts. Richardson and Bailey, in Virginia militia. He left a widow, Nancy, who was of Virginia in 1878. (13,747.) John Hughes served as corporal in company commanded by Capt. A. Wilson in Virginia militia. His widow, Mary M., was living in Virginia in 1879. (17,330.) John Hughes was an ensign in the Virginia militia. He was living in 1871. John Hughes of Taylor's Store, Va., in 1871 applied for a pension on account of service in the Virginia militia. His claim was rejected. (12,578.) Joseph Hughes died August, 1834, at Cottageville, West Va. He served in Capt. Parsons' company of Virginia militia. His widow Susannah failed to obtain the pension applied for in 1874. (6,070.) Joseph F. Hughes served in Capt. McBride's company of Virginia militia. His widow, Mary Hughes, of Iowa was pensioned in 1879. (26,459.) Lewis Hughes served in the Virginia militia in companies com- manded by Capts. S. Hall and Carypen. His widow Letitia, living in Missouri, was pensioned in 1879. (27,950.) Peter Hughes of Missouri was pensioned in 1872. He served in company commanded by Capt. J. Link, in the Virginia miHtia. (19,419.) William Hughes served in company commanded by Capt. William Leigh, in Virginia militia. His widow Polly, living in Virginia in 1879, was pensioned. (22,276.) Samuel Hughes, Sr., died 18 Feb., 1872, served in company com- manded by Capt. J. Paxton, in Virginia militia. (4,760.) Thomas Hughes, who died 11 Sept., 1851 or 1852, left a widow Nancy, who applied for a pension in 1878. Her claim was re- jected because her husband's service was performed in the Indian war of 1791. About 1823 Thomas Hughes married Polly Hughes, who died in Nicholas County. He married second, Nancy Kincaird, 24 Feb., 1825, in Nicholas County, West Va. She was 77 years of age in 1878. He was 17 years old when he enlisted from the Kanawha country in 502 PENSIONERS the Indian War. He was of fair complexion, red hair, black eyes, and six feet in height. (32,072.) William Hughes served in company commanded by Capt. J. Shel- ton, in Virginia militia. He left a widow, Elizabeth, who was pen- sioned in 1883. (33,208.) William Hughes of Muddlety, West Va., in 1886 applied for pen- sion, claiming service in company commanded by Capt. Tiken in Vir- ginia militia, but his claim was rejected. (34,930.) William Hughes of Halifax Court House, Va., claimed a pension in 1879, for service performed in company commanded by Capt. William Leigh, but his claim was rejected. (30,720.) Aaron Hughes served in company commanded by Thomas Wilson in Tennessee militia. He was living in 1871. Cornelius Hughes was of Hawkins County, Tenn., in 1852. He made application in 1845, then residing in that county, aged 52 years. He enlisted in a company of East Tennessee militia, commanded by Capt. Benjamin Powell, Col. Johnson's regiment, under Gen. Taylor. He served six months from Sept., 1814. He marched through the wilderness to Mobile, via Fts. Strotter, Jackson and Claiborne, 700 or 800 miles, and from Mobile back to Knoxville, where he was discharged in April, 1815. While he was at Mobile the British attacked Ft. Bowyer, across the bay, and he was one of the volunteers, who num- bered 1,000 in all, who, under command of Majors Blue and Readman, crossed the bay and proceeded by land to the relief of the fort. On their arrival the relieving force found the British in possession. They engaged and took eighteen prisoners. Because the British held pos- session of the bay and could intercept their retreat, they were ordered to retire. They were unable to return to Mobile for ten days and were much exposed. Because of exposure in the service he has since suf- fered from "head pleurisy." His record shows he enlisted 17 Sept., 1814, and was discharged 3 May, 1815. He received a pension. He married Mary White on or about 25 July, 1817, or 1818, in Greene County, Tenn. In July, 1866, she applied for a pension, giving proofs that during the Civil War she was loyal to the Union, though the deponents are not willing to testify that Cornelius Hughes was a Union man. Daniel and Polly White give testimony. In 1869 her claim was rejected because of disloyalty. She lived near Romeo, Tenn. (91.) David Hughes served under Capt. A. McCarty in the Tennessee militia. He left a widow, Elizabeth, who was of Tennessee in 1875. (6,573.) WAR OF 1812 503 Enis Hughes died near Ft. Smith, 23 Dec., 1833, leaving a widow, Mary, whose claim for a pension in 1877 was rejected for want of proof of service. Widow's application in 1876 states that she is 81 years old, and that Enis entered the service in company of Capt. Greene in the 3d regiment, Tennessee militia, in 1813. Her attorney thought it more probable that he served in a Georgia command. There are no rolls of Greene's company of the Tennessee militia. Enis Hughes married Mary McCain 14 Sept., 1814, at Antioch, Tenn. In 1877 she lived at Mt. Calm, Texas. (11,737.) Janus Hughes of Abingdon, Va., in 1879, claimed pension for serv- ice performed in company commanded by Capt. Scruggs in Tennessee militia. Rejected. (32,820.) Jesse Hughes resided at or near Greenwood, Johnson County, Ind., in 1871, when he was aged 75 years. He enlisted 13 Nov., 1814, and was discharged 18 May, 1815. He married 25 Sept., 1851, Elizabeth Hawkins at Fayette County, Indiana. He marched with his regiment from Sullivan County, Tenn., to Mobile, and remained there until news of the peace was received. Served in company commanded by Capt. James Landons, Col. Dayless' regiment of Tennessee militia. (1,512.) John Hughes of Tennessee in 1872, served in company commanded by Capt. D. Collier in Virginia militia. (14,410.) Madison R. Hughes of Riggs' Road, Tenn., in 1871, made claim for pension. Rejected. (2,437.) Robert Hughes died 24 June, 1852, leaving a widow, Elizabeth, who was of Piney Flatts, Tenn., in 1878, when she applied for a pen- sion for service performed by her husband in the Tennessee militia. Her claim was rejected. (19,793.) William Hughes of Davidson County, Tenn., was living in 1850. He served as second sergeant in a company of mounted gunners com- manded by Capt. Pipkins, Col. Perkins' regiment, Tennessee mounted riflemen. He enlisted 19 Dec, 1813, and was discharged 8 Feb., 1814. He was wounded in the right arm at Emucksaw, Territory of the Creek Indians. He returned home 22 Jan., 1814. (90.) William Hughes and Elizabeth Oliver were married 7 Dec, 1854, in Williamson County, Tenn. His widow was aged 55 in 1866. He died in Windsor County, Tenn., 21 March, 1864, an old man. He had lived fifteen years in Williamson County, and prior to that had lived in 504 PENSIONERS Alabama. He was mustered 10 Jan., 1814, in company of Capt. Ed- ward Buchanan in the 2d regiment, commanded by Col. Samuel Bunch, in the East Tennessee brigade commanded by Gen. Doherty. On their march they ascended the river to Ft. Deposit and there engaged the Indians. Thence marched with the main army to Ft. Strotter (Stother), thence to Ft. William, and next morning helped to dislodge some Indians near there and pursued them until night. At Ft. Stother Hughes was transferred to Capt. George McPherson's company and was sent to Ft. Deposit, where he became sick. He was not a rebel, nor did he bear arms against the United States in the Civil War. (93.) William Hughes served in company commanded by Capts. Crawford and Buchanan, in the Tennessee militia. He left a widow, Elizabeth, living in Tennessee in 1879, when she applied for a pension. (25,550.) Emery Hughs of Campbell, Campbell County, Va., was a private in Capt. Samuel Johnson's company, third Virginia militia, Col. Dickinson commanding, in the War of 1812. He was married 3 Oct., 1809, at Campbell, by Abner Garley, a Methodist minister, to Sarah, who mar- ried, second, in Campbell County, 23 Dec, 1818, Jesse Adams. In 1867 she was aged 75 years and in 1859 was living in Marysville. She was allowed a pension. According to his widow's statement, Emery Hughs shortly after his discharge died of disease contracted in the serv- ice in the hospital at Camp Ellicott's Mills, Md., 6 Dec, 1814. The treasury record gives his death as occurring 1 Jan., 1815. (Widow, 15,509.) APPENDIX CO H H « < APPENDIX I FROM " Memorial Addresses on the Life and Character of Mrs. David Hewes " ANNA MARIA LATHROP was born at Albany, New York, and was educated at the far-famed Albany Female Academy, established in 1814. " It was the first institution in America or Europe to essay a practical solution of the great problem of the higher education of women." This Academy was the outgrowth of the Union School, on Montgomery street, organ- ized through the efforts of the eminent lawyer, Mr. Ebenezer Foot, directed by the counsels of his wife. Mr. Foot drew up a subscription paper, binding the signers to send for a year, from May 1, 1814, the number of " female scholars " affixed to their names. A lot of land was leased on Montgomery street and a cheap one-story building erected thereon, the school being opened at the time specified in the contract. Horace Goodrich of Milton, Saratoga County, a graduate of Union College, was the first teacher. The school had become so well established before the close of 1820, as to warrant an act of incorporation, which act was passed in 1821, the school taking the name it now bears. Through the exertions of the Board of Trustees under this act, the site of a new building near the old one was selected, and the cornerstone was laid June 25, 1821. On the roll of parchment placed in a sealed bottle and deposited beneath the stone was this inscription: " This stone is laid in the fear of Jehovah, the God of knowl- edge, and commended to his protection and care." The building was completed in November of the same year. Such was the growth of the school that, in 1828, a building was erected in the rear of the main edifice, connected with it by corridors. In 1833, the school had, through the influence of Hon. Gideon Hawley, been placed under the " visitation and control " of the State Board of Regents, of which he was Secretary, and was the " first school for females " admitted to this consideration. 507 508 APPENDIX I In 1833 the school building was again found inadequate to accommo- date its rapidly increasing membership, and measures were taken to procure the site on North Pearl street, upon which now stands the edifice dedicated May 12, 1834, and which has recently held its seventy- eighth annual commencement, and has entered the last quarter of its century. Anna Maria Lathrop, by her gentle disposition and sterling qualities of mind and heart, endeared herself to the associates of her girlhood, and won the love and affection of all with whom she came in contact. Imbued with the influence of Christian truth, she at a very early age became a member of the Pearl Street, now Emanuel Baptist Church, and to the end she adorned the profession she then made, by a life of faith in Christ. Some of the best thoughts of her life in connection with the place of her birth were given to a plan of her sister's — a plan most cheer- fully and readily acquiesced in by herself — to convert the old home- stead which for generations had been the home of the Lathrop family, and around which lingered so many hallowed associations, into a me- morial that should forever perpetuate the love for, and interest taken in the orphan and friendless by her father and mother. On May 11, 1861, she sailed from New York for California on the steamer Northern Light, connecting at Panama with the steamer Golden Age, arriving at San Francisco June 3, 1861. From thence she proceeded to Sacramento to the residence of her sister, Mrs. Leland Stanford, arriving some six months previous to the inauguration of Leland Stanford, her brother-in-law, as the great War Governor of California; at a time when the strong arm of the law might be called upon to dispel the dream of a few ambitious men in their plan to form a Pacific Coast Republic. Miss Lathrop was in the full maturity of womanhood when she became a member of the household of the Executive Mansion of the young and growing Golden State. Her dignity, grace of manner, and vivacity, made her society equally charming to the young and old, and contributed in no small degree to that conviviality and good-fellowship which gave the hospitality extended by Governor and Mrs. Stanford more than a local reputation. She continued to reside with the family until their removal to San Francisco, in 1873. In 1879, we find her again in Albany, ministering with a loving daughter's devotion at the bedside of her aged and invalid mother. With an abiding faith in Him " who doeth all things well," she watched with patient resignation and the assured hope of the Christian, until " the long and toilsome journey of life " of the suffering mother ended, upon a peaceful Sabbath afternoon, September 3, 1882. Among the noblest acts of her life, and one, the beauty of which no tongue however eloquent can fittingly portray, was the adoption, in LATHROP HOMESTEAD, ALBANY ANNA MARIA LATHROP HEWES 509 1885, of her brother's motherless daughter, a delicate babe of six months. The same gentleness and quiet which had characterized every emotion of her previous life, guided her in this great responsibility. Her love for the infant seemed no common affection — a new influence had come into her life, and her whole heart went out to the babe with maternal tenderness. As years sped on, the little girl became at once the child and companion, and the relation between them was most touching and beautiful. The period following her marriage to Mr. David Hewes of San Francisco, which occurred June 11, 1889, was spent in travel abroad. Her heart seemed to expand under the influence of these journeyings through foreign lands — a new life seemed to have dawned for her. She frequently remarked in her enthusiasm " that there seemed nothing more to be desired — that in visiting the places of public interest in the great cities of Europe, the ambition of her life and the fondest wish of her heart had been fulfilled." On her return to America she revisited the honored and loved home of her nativity and the historic places connected with events in the lives of her Puritan ancestors. If she was proud of anything, it was of her ancestry. Patriotism was a prominent trait in her character. To this characteristic may be traced that feeling which prompted her to connect herself as a life-member with the National Mary Washington Me- morial Association, and the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, a society to which she was eligible to membership through the military service rendered by her maternal and paternal grandfather in the War of the Revolution. The wedded life of Mrs. Hewes was a brief but happy one. Simple in her tastes, her greatest enjoyment was at her own fireside surrounded by her friends. In the companionship of her husband, and in the sun- shine of the presence of the little adopted daughter Jennie, now a girl of eight years of age, the charming picture of her domestic life could not be surpassed. Some 'months before her death her health became so seriously affected as to confine her to her room the greater portion of the time. During this period of anxiety, " when the chill and shadow of the coming event " lay so heavily on their hearts, she was tenderly nursed and cared for by her husband and family, who hoped almost against Hope itself that she might be restored to health. But it was otherwise decreed. For on August 3, 1892, the messenger came, and she entered upon the fruition of her immortality. In the words of the California State Regent of the Daughters of the American Revolution, " she has passed on and over the ' shining river ' and entered upon an existence where time has been blended with eternity, and where faith has been forever lost in certainty." Her death will be mourned not only by her immediate home-circle, 510 APPENDIX I but by the various charitable and religious organizations of which she was a member, and to which she had been a generous patron. In her casket are the crushed hearts of the poor whom she has befriended and whose troubles she has alleviated, the sorrowing with whom she has wept, the famibes nurtured and cared for by her private acts of beneficence. " In the clear morning of that other country — In Paradise — With the same face which we have loved and cherished, She shall arise ! Let us be patient, we who mourn with weeping Some vanished face — The Lord has taken but to add more beauty And a diviner grace." ANNA MARIA LATHROP HEWES 511 In Memoriam Away, away; Released from fettering bonds of clay, Her spirit flits in joy away, And we are left in tears to-day. To eyes which now in death do close, Above, lo, heavenly scenes disclose; Her ears, which heard the orphan's sigh, Now list sweet chimes beyond the sky. Her heart, which ever throbbed so warm, Is now beyond earth's chilly storm ; Those lips, which whispered tenderest love, Now lisp the chorus sweet above. But cheeks of marble, white as snow, Shall blush again in heavenly glow; Up from the shades, 'neath sunbeam bright, She wakes where day shall know no night. While now around her waiting bier In sorrow falls the loving tear — We linger o'er her dust and weep, Angels of love their vigils keep. Thus ebbs out life — its curtains fall — God help us each, who loved in life The child, the maiden fair, and wife, That we, too, heed the needy's call. And though entombed shall flesh decay, Despite restraining powers of art, Her memory, fresh in loving heart, Shall warmer glow from day to day To soothe and cheer our grief away. J. C. Pelton. San Diego, Cal., August 8, 1892. 512 APPENDIX I Historic names forever greet us, Where'er our wandering way we tread ; Familiar forms and faces meet us, As living walk with us the dead. Man's fame, so often evanescent, Links here with thoughts and things that last; And all the bright and teeming Present Thrills with the great and glorious Past. MRS. JANE L. STANFORD LELAND STANFORD, JR. LELAND STANFORD Ancestry of Amta Uteta Hatfjmp Anna Maria Lathrop camie of an ancestry dating back to early colonial times, distinguished for intellectual and pious attainments. Being descended on both sides from the best Puritan stock of New England, she possessed a heritage of all that was noble and elevating in character. She was the fifth child of Dyer andsJane Ann (Shields) Lathrop, and was born in Albany, New York, September 22, 1832. Her father, DYER LATHROP (Seventh Generation), settled in Albany in 1811, and was one of the incorporators of the Albany Female Hospital, and one of the founders of the Asylum for Orphan and Destitute Children, organized in 1829, and at the time of his death, April 18, 1855, one of its main supporters. At a meeting of the Directors of the Albany Orphan Asylum, held April 19, 1855, the president announced the death of Mr. Dyer Lathrop, their late treasurer, and it was resolved as the sense of the Board : " That in the death of Mr. Lathrop the community has lost one of its best citizens, and the Board a most valuable officer. Not often have we known so unassuming a manner united with such benevolence of heart and such energy of action. For twenty-four years he has watched over the interests of our institution with the fidelity of a parent. With no reward but an approving conscience, he has not only during this long period been the faithful guardian of its finances, but in its many and often protracted embarrassments, when other means have failed, his credit has always been our reliance till the exigency has been passed. It is the sentiment of every member of this Board that a good man has gone from us, and that the orphan has lost a friend whose place will not be easy to supply." So fades the summer cloud away, So sinks the gale when storms are o'er, So gently shuts the eye of day, So dies the wave along the shore." Dyer Lathrop's father, JEDEDIAH LATHROP, JR., (Sixth Generation), was born at Bozrah, Conn., February 9, 1747, and married Amy Gard- 513 514 APPENDIX I ner, daughter of Jonathan and Mary Gardner, of Gardner's Island, New York. He served with distinction during the War of the Revo- lution in Captain Huntingdon's Company, Selden's Battalion, Wads- worth's Brigade of Connecticut State Troops. His father, CAPTAIN JEDEDIAH LATHROP, (Fifth Generation), was born at Norwich, Conn., January 4, 1718, and died June 9, 1792, in the seventy-fifth year of his age. He was twice married and the father of thirteen children, ten of whom survived him, and to whom he portioned his estate by will, dated October 11, 1790. He was a man of commanding influence, serving his fellow-citizens in both civil and military capacities. In the profession of arms he became a leader, and his opinion was sought for in all matters affecting the affairs of the town. His father, ISRAEL LATHROP, JR. (Fourth Generation), was born in Norwich, Conn., February 1, 1687, and was twice married. First, to Mary Fellows, June 20, 1710, by whom he had seven children. He was employed for a number of years in the military service of his town, at a time when " Indian warfare was of a kind calculated to fill the breast of a peaceful and exposed population with dreadful ap- prehension and to chill the blood of the most courageous." He was an active man in town affairs to whom his fellow-colonists turned in times of trouble. His father, ISRAEL LATHROP (Third Generation), was born in October, 1659, and married Rebecca Bliss April 8, 1686. Tradition states that he served throughout the severe and bloody Indian War of 1675 (King Philip's) with much credit, for at this period " the warbke virtues were a necessity." His tombstone, the oldest now standing in old Norwich town on which there is an inscrip- tion, has the following epitaph: " Here lies ye body of Mr. Israel Lathrop, ye husband of Mrs. Rebecca Lathrop, who lived a life of exemplary piety and left ye Earth for Heaven March ye 28, 1733, in ye 73d year of his age." His father, SAMUEL LOTHROPP (Second Generation), was born in England and came with his father to Scituate, Mass., in 1634. He was one of the Fathers of New England, and carried on the busi- ANNA MARIA LATHROP HEWES 515 ness of a house builder in Boston. His wife was Elizabeth Scudder. Their marriage is recorded on the Barnstable Church Register, as fol- lows: " My sonn Samuel and Elizabeth Scudder marryed at my house by Mr. Freeman Nov. 28, 1644." They afterwards settled in Barn- stable. In 1643 he is reported as one of the five Lathropps of the town liable to bear arms. In 1648 he removed to Pequot, now New London, Conn., where he was at once assigned to positions of responsibility and honor by his townsmen. In 1668 he removed to Norwich, which from that time became his home, and where he died February 29, 1700. His widow (second marriage) died in 1734 at the advanced age of 102 years. His father, REV. JOHN LOTHROPP — THE PIONEER (First Generation), was baptized in Etton, Yorkshire, December 20, 1584. In his six- teenth year he entered Queen's College, Cambridge, matriculating in 1601, graduating B. A. in 1605, and M. A. in 1609. Having been admitted to Holy Orders, he became a Curate in Egerton, Kent, and served his parish zealously for a number of years. Becoming dissatisfied with the government of the Church, he severed his connection with it, and, in about 1609, enrolled himself with the Inde- pendents, the Non-Conformists of his native land. In 1623 he became the Pastor of the First Independent Church of London — a body of dissenters having no place of pubbc worship, their meetings being held by stealth. In 1632, Mr. Lothropp and several members of his church were seized for violating the Conformist Law, and cast into Newgate, where he was confined for two years, and was only released on giving bond that " he would not be present at any private conventicle." He left England for America in the ship Griffin, and arrived at Boston, Mass., September 18, 1634. A few days later he proceeded to Scituate, where, on January 18, a church was organized, and he was chosen minister. Dissensions having arisen among his people in refer- ence to the subject of baptism, he removed, in 1639, to Barnstable, more than half his church removing with him, where he died, November 8, 1653. " He left a record of scholarship, piety and practical work, for which his descendants, to the latest generations, may well hold him in honor." The English ancestor of Rev. John Lothropp was THOMAS LOWTHROPPE, who was thrice married. John, the American pioneer, was a son by the second wife, who was buried at Etton, January 6, 1588. Thomas 516 APPENDIX I Lowthroppe was born at Cherry Burton, Yorkshire, and died at Etton, Harthill wapentake, East Riding, Yorkshire, in 1606. His will bears date October 5, 1606. His father, ROBERT LOWTHROPPE, died in 1558. His will, bearing date North Burton, July 16, 1558, was proved at York, October 20th of the same year. His father, JOHN LOWTHROPPE great-grandfather of Rev. John Lothropp, was living early in the six- teenth century, in Cherry Burton, a parish about four miles from Low- thorpe. Though belonging to a junior branch of the family, he was a gentleman of extensive landed estates in Cherry Burton and other parts of the county. According to a Yorkshire subsidy-roll, made in the 37th year of Henry VIII (1545) he was assessed twice as much as any other inhabitant of the parish. Of his parentage, date of birth, etc., nothing is known, the early parish registers having disappeared. LATHROP MEMORIAL. ALBANY ANNA MARIA LATHROP HEWES 517 RESOLUTION Adopted by SEQUOIA CHAPTER, Daughters of the American Revolution, of San Francisco Impressed by the retrospect of the exemplary character of our asso- ciate, the late Mrs. Anna Maria Lathrop Hewes, we, the members of Sequoia Chapter, Daughters of the American Revolution, of San Fran- cisco, in regular meeting assembled, desire to express our sincere sorrow at the irreparable loss we have sustained in the death of one who, whether as the devoted wife, the affectionate sister, or the faithful friend, by her simple and unaffected manners, added to other mental and social attributes of her character, endeared herself to all who were privileged to know her. In disposition our friend was most amiable and sympathetic, and kind and courteous to all with whom she came in contact. Ever ready with open hand to aid the poor, and to assist the needy with generous hospitality, she has, by the purity of her life and the practice of those qualities which adorn and dignify the character, erected a noble monument to her own memory. " Life's labors done, Serenely to her final rest she passed, While the soft memories of her virtues yet Linger, like twilight hues when the bright sun has set." As members of a society of which she was an honored member, we would most tenderly convey to those loved ones to whom she was most near and dear, the assurance of our deepest sympathy; and would commend them to Him who has promised to keep in perfect peace those who love and trust in Him. In token of respect for her great moral worth, your Committee recommend the adoption of the following resolution: Resolved, That we will inscribe upon our hearts the necessity of emu- lating her Christian example, her zeal for all that was truly good, and her fidelity to the interests of our society. In conclusion, we recommend that tins preamble and resolution be spread upon our minutes, and that a page of our records be set apart to perpetuate her memory. Georgiana C. Ord Holladay, Virginia Knox Maddox, L. E. A. Horsburgh, S. Isabelle Hubbard, Committee. , Alma Priscilla Alden, Mary E. Alvord, Regent. Recording Secretary. APPENDIX II Letters Written by Mrs. Ruthe Tapley Hewes Swain to Her Son, David Hewes, 1850-1851 Lynnfield, Feb. 17th 1850. My Beloved and Absent Son: — Your letters, 13th and 29th of December, arrived safely. I received one the first of February, the other the middle of the month. It affords me great pleasure to have letters from you. I don't know but that I should be cross if I did not hear from you oftener than some of the folks do from their sons. Old Mr. Danforth is going to put a letter in with ours, about his son. I carried my letters down and the sermon for him to read. He has had no letters from Henry Danforth and feels badly. My 'dear son, I have not seen the letter you sent to Aaron, but I have heard of it. I was sorry to hear you had met with a loss. Well, my son, they that have must lose. I feel so anxious about you, my dear son, that when I would be cheerful, I feel sad. I read and hear so much about that part of the world where you are. If you don't die a natural death I am afraid you will be killed. I do want you to come home. Be careful, won't you, my son ? If you know anything about the Messrs. Sweetsers send word in my letters, for their folks hear nothing from them. They have had one letter, that is all. My son, you want two letters a month. Would it be best? There does not seem to be anything interesting enough for so many to write about. My dear son, your likeness is all that it can be to me, but I do want to see you in person. I carry your likeness with me. I don't leave the house one hour without taking it with me and have ever since you have been gone. Some say to me, you always carry David with you, don't you ? Yes, I say, I do. My dear son, you may think that I don't want to write to you as I only sent you the last two times a quartered sheet, but my head has troubled me more for six weeks than it has for a year past, and as mother and sister and brother and grandchildren all write together, it gives you a good deal of correspondence. Mary Ellen will tell you about Mr. Richardson of Stoneham. My son, you cannot begin to think how many there are who die on the way home, or soon after they get home. Sabbath afternoon: We have a meeting all day. The weather is 518 MRS. RUTHE (TAPLEY) HEWES From Painting front a Daguerreotype of 1850 LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 519 like the first of April. The snow and ice are all gone. We have had great rains. My dear son, come home before the sickly season comes on. Won't you say, " yes, I will if I can "? I will write you a long letter next time. Receive a mother's blessing, and you shall have my prayers. Much love from Your affectionate mother, R. H. S. Joel has just come with his letter. Lynnfield, May 27th. My Ever Dear Son: What shall I write? Well, I will write a chapter of anxieties, but first, I will tell you about Captain Bancroft and wife. They heard some two months ago that their son George had gone to the Sandwich Isands, and they feared that the vessel in which he went was lost, but as they saw nothing in any paper they hoped he was safe, but now they have letters that the vessel has never been heard from since sailing. Twenty days was a long trip, and the ship had been gone sixty when this letter was written. Oh, what suspense they are in. Hope and fear mingle together, but fear is the greatest. Oh, my dear son, if you only knew your mother's feelings about you, I think you would say — " I will go home." If you had all the gold- dust there is in California and you should become sick and not likely to live, it would all look as worthess as the dust in the air. I feel very anxious about your health. Do be careful of it. I am anxious for fear you are breaking down by going from one thing to another, and that you will get so much business on hand that you cannot get away. How soon it will be said of us, as it is said of others, — " They are dead." What matters it whether we leave one dollar or a million dol- lars behind us, if we have an interest in Heaven? My dear son, I am alone here the most of the time. My mind goes from this child to that one. Sometimes I wish I could live my life over again, to see if I could not live a better life before them and set a better example, but that cannot be. All that I can do now is to pray for them, and that I do daily. Nothing, nothing in this world gives me so much comfort as to know that my children are doing well. My dear son, how do you enjoy your mind? I often think of what Rev. Mr. Allen said, — that it was a slippery place off where you are, and that if you do not live faithful, you will fall. Oh, my son, if you should get rich, but lose that peace which the world cannot give nor take away, awful would be your state. My son, live at the foot of the cross. You need daily grace like 520 APPENDIX II the daily manna of the Children of Israel in the Wilderness ; it is to be daily sought and daily used. You have not told me that you have a class in Sunday school, but I hope that you have. Frederick Wiley was ordained at South Reading the 20th of May. He preaches at Raynhani, Mass., for one year. George Cox has not gotten home yet. There is a report the vessel is lost. Do you know the name of the vessel he came in? My dear son, when I get a newspaper I don't stop for anything till I look it over to see if your death was in it. You say, — " Why, mother ? " Well, my son, I feel a deep anxiety about you that no one knows but myself. You cannot begin to think how many deaths are reported in the Massa- chusetts papers of those who went out to California. You are liable to die, too. The lady I spoke of is Miss Emily Parsons. She is a fine girl and beloved by every one. I want you to come home and build in Lynn- field. There are some new houses going up this year. Mr. Rounday and Levi H. Russell are both building. Mr. George Witchridge has gone from Lynnfield to New Concord in New Hampshire to live. Mr. W. Witchridge has put up a large shoe-shop, — two stories. We are coming up in Lynnfield. We have a fine minister and like him very much. I don't want you to go back when you come home for good. June 5th. Have just heard that George Cox has gotten home. I would be glad to hear something about him before I send this, but it must go at once or I cannot send it for fifteen days, the next mail. Lucy Ann is up and brought over your last letter. Charles says that Sophia has not had hers yet. We are all well as far as I know, my dear son. I do want to see you so very much. Mr. Swain sends love. With much love from your affectionate mother. R. H. S. June 8th. — It has been five weeks since any of us have had a letter from you. I have written you every month. Have delayed sending this in hopes I should hear from you, but no word comes. Sabbath morning the minister of Stoneham preaches for us. To-day he attends a funeral in Stoneham after meeting. We think it is dear Briand. Lynnfield, June 20th, 1850. My Very Dear Son: How do you do? Well, I hope. Your long wished for and prayed for letter came at last. Charles wrote me a short letter and sent it with yours. My dear son, I begin to feel as though you were dead, for every paper contains the account of more or less deaths in your place. I ask REV. CHARLES W. HEWES, DAVID HEWES, RE A. G. S. ABBOTT, C. W. CONEY About 1860 LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 521 myself every time I read them why it is that my dear one's death is not there in the paper. I know it is all through the goodness of God, and oh, if He will only spare your life to come home! I ask not for gold or silver. I plead for your life. I have in all four letters from you. I, with others of the family, have sent you five letters. The one you had received when you wrote April 2nd, was our first, we sent it in January. I had a letter from you on our fast day, — April 11th. I wrote you, I think the 12th. Yours of February 27th, I got in April. My dearest son, I have so much to say to you that I don't know what to say first. After this I will write a little every day until my letter is full. I am glad to know that your health is so good. Do be care- ful of your dear health. My own is pretty good. It is much better than when you left, for which I feel grateful to the One who preserves us. The family connection are all well as far as I know, excepting George Richards. He has dyspepsia so badly that he has to leave work for a time. He is going out fishing for a few weeks. Lucy Ann and babe are coming to Lynnfield to stay. I went to Roxbury this week and stayed three days. L. and myself went to Chelsea to see Aunt Betsey and Mrs. Young. I carried your letters and had them all read. They had a letter from George but none from Mr. Young, that is, none since he arrived there, they had two written on the way. B. said she had cried herself almost to death. Oh, my dear son, you can- not think how badly we feel here when we cannot get letters. You feel badly there also, no doubt, but we are all here together and it is a great comfort to us to know that there are so many of you together there. May the Lord preserve you from all sickness, temptation and death. I hope you will have that peace of soul that the world cannot give nor take away. Oh, my dear son, try to live so that you will be prepared for sudden death, if that should be the will of God. Don't feel too anxious to be rich. How many times I have wished that I had fixed on an hour when we would both bow the knee and pray for each other. My son, let us fix on Sabbath afternoon at 5 o'clock, and every day in the week besides in our closets. You would like to know how we are getting along in the church and society. Mr. Green preached his last sermon the 28th of April, the same day you wrote to Charley and me. I write many things in a book so I can look back and see what I was doing the day you write to me. I was at meeting on that day. Mr. Green has moved to Andover, to his brother's. We have had preaching every Sabbath since he left, and good preaching, too, by different ones. Rev. Mr. Fay, from Wil- mington has preached 4 times. Then we had a young man from Union College to preach 3 or 4 times. The Sewing Circle are. painting the inside of the meeting house. They have a sofa for the pulpit, and 522 APPENDIX II carpeted the aisles. You would hardly know the inside of the church, it looks so much better. You remember that we wanted Mr. Green to let a year go this spring. He would not, so some of those who did not like him got up a Universalist meeting over the Town Hall. They have a minister boarding here with them who has hurt us because we cannot sell all the pews, notwithstanding all that we feel encouraged for we have a third meeting on the Sabbath and prayer-meeting in the week-time, with pretty good congregations. I have written that Col. Cox died April 21st, in my other letter. They have had a man go on after William's remains. The man has gotten back. He was one of those who went with William Cox and others and had to come back because he was sick. If you get my let- ters you know that James Hewes and Mr. Newhall have come home. James Hewes has bought his father's place and is going to live with him. Mr. Newhall is living on Ed. Cox's place. We have no one in our house this year. Joshua Hewes and Daniel Hewes have gone off where you are. I did not know it until after they had gone or I should have written by them. Mary Ann did write a letter and sent it by them to you. My dear son, when do you think of coming home ? I do want to see you. Oh, how glad I am to hear from you! Just as I am finishing my letter I receive a letter or letters from you dated May 14th, and a lock of your hair. The sight of it affects my heart, I . . . (there is a break in the letter here and new ink used when the writing is re- sumed) . I am so rejoiced to hear from you. I am going right up to Sophia's. I have read far enough to know that you are alive and well. I cannot read all of your writing, so I go to some of my children to hear them read it. A letter from you is better than the best meat that ever I ate. I am at Sophia's now and have heard your letters. To-morrow I shall go to Salem if possible. I want to see the man that has seen you. Many thanks, my dear son, for what you mentioned you had sent me. It is too bad that Charlie does not write to you. I shall write to him about it. I will do my best to have all write to you. If I could write as well as all my dear children can, I would write for them. Much love and many kisses, from Your Affectionate Mother. Lynnfield, July 14th, 1850. My Ever Dear Son: How do you do? I hope in perfect health. I hope my letters will always find you happy and in perfect health. I received your letter dated the 29th of May on the 27th of June. LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 523 The letter which you sent by Captain A. S. Perkins I received June 29th. You sent both by him but he mailed the letter as you see by the date, and the gold, too, but not from Salem, as you wished him to. I will put the paper into this letter, then you will know where it was mailed from. The letter was 60c, the gold 40c; $1.00 in all. Captain Perkins has not been here; I should like to see him, but don't know when I can. My Very Dear Son, What can I do for you? That was a very great present ! Why, I am 60 years old and I never had anything like it before. I can do nothing for you where you are, but to pray for you and write to you, and that I will do. July 15th. The vial that the gold was in was broken all to pieces. I could pick out the most of it. It was very acceptable, I tell you. I ami owing six dollars for a bonnet and two dollars to the Post Office. Why have I said anything about this ! I never feel badly about the money I pay for a letter. Oh, no indeed ! I would work with pleasure when others are in bed to have a letter from any of my dear children, especially one that is as far away as you, and I thank you for what you have paid on letters to me. I had a letter from you that was written March 27th, and received on the 4th of July. Mr. Temple and Mr. Bagger went part of the way to California, but got home-sick and came back. They were gone about a fortnight. July 19th. William Cox's remains were brought back to Lynnfield a few days ago and buried by his father's. July 16th. My Dear Son, I am going to write to you every chance I have until this letter is full. I have hoped that Charles would come home this summer, but he wrote a short letter to Sophia saying that he thought they would not come this year. George and Lucy Ann are up here. They have been here three weeks. George's health has been poor, but is better now. I have not heard one word about Benjamin Buxton, only what I wrote you. My dear son, I want to tell you about the churches and society here in Lynnfield. Well, I have written you about Mr. Green. He is gone. We have had good preaching every Sabbath since he left. After he had left, the Sewing Circle painted the inside of the meeting house. Then we had a subscription paper. I went one day with that. Two others went. We got in all about 30 dollars, with which we have car- peted the aisles. You would hardly know the house. What is still better, we have had for the last three Sabbaths a fine young man from Yale College by the name of Reed. Why, my dear son, I never heard such preaching in our meeting house in all my life. There is a good state of feeling in this place. If we can detain him we shall feel as 5M APPENDIX II if we had drawn a prize. He has gone this week and next to see friends in New York. The church and society held a meeting yester- day to see what they could do to induce him to come back. Mr. William Whitchredge and Mr. Joseph Hart joined the society. It was such a busy time haying that there was but few out. They raised $65 by subscription. Deacon Perkins, $20. Deacon Smith, $5.00. His health has been very poor, but he does a great deal for us. Mr. Swain gave $10. Mr. Hart $10, Mr. Whitcheridge $10, Mr. Bryant $10; the paper is to be carried around to see what can be raised on it besides the $65.00. Well, my dear son, I have felt for a great many years that if I ever had much given me I would give some part of it to support the Gospel. Now there is a chance for me to do as I have so long thought I would like to do. When asked what I would do, I told them what you had sent me. It amounts to $32.72. What a sum for me ! Well, my dear son, I will give seven dollars of it, and if you had not said that you would remember your brothers and sisters I should have been so selfish that I should have asked you to give a little, for the common report says that Mr. Green has been the means of a number leaving us, part of them professors of religion, — Captain Bancroft, Mr. Hub- bard Emerson, Col. Cox's family, besides others. That weakens us, but if God be for us it is more than all that can be against us. Time will tell that if we can retain this Rev. Mr. Reed we shall have great reason to be thankful. Those whom I mentioned have all gone to the Universalist meeting. They have a minister for one year. You ask me how my head is. It troubles me at times, but is so much better than I ever hoped that I feel as if I were well. My dear son, how do you enjoy your mind? Dear son, do let us live faithful and not be too anxious for the world. Life is so uncer- tain. I mentioned in my last letter that I wanted you to unite with me in prayer particularly on Sabbath afternoon at 5 o'clock and often at other times. George and Lucy Ann are at Reading. Benjamin Swain is well. His face looks very badly, so pitted. He has left off doing anything to his machine. If he would be steady and work at it he might make his fortune. He is in Boston now, making shoes. Mr. Swain sends love. Says if he comes to Sacramento he shall bring a load of potatoes out there to you. Everything that is growing looks fine. Folks are haying now. Berries are plenty. Do you have any there? I wish I could see you. You mentioned that you might come home in the fall and go back in the spring. Won't you have money enough to stay in Massachusetts ? I shan't want you to go back. Not if I am living, my dear son. I wrote you -a letter in March that you have not acknowledged. I paid the postage on it, — 50 cents. I have not paid one since, for I do LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 525 not know whether a letter will be as sure to go if I prepay. Some say they will not. Some of the children are going to write to you. Do write to me soon, won't you ? And do be careful of your health. The last letter to you I sent to the Post Office on the 26th of June. Sabbath, July 21st. Oliver Emerson has preached for us to-day. He has been at home for three weeks. Is going back again soon. He is smart. He has not altered much. Looks older. My dear son, Aunt Flint came up last Wednesday. Mrs. Buxton received yours that you sent with mine. The poor woman feels so badly. She has heard no word from her son since she got news that her husband was dead. She wanted sister Flint to come and see if you had written anything to me about him. If you can learn anything do write to his mother. George and Lucy Ann went home yesterday. They think of writing to you. Aunt Hart from Danvers was here to- day noon. Tillden and Ruth were here yesterday. July 29th. My dear son, I have sat down to finish this letter. No one has come to take it yet and I am determined to write to you as long as I am able. To you, and to others that are far away. I had a few lines from Charles in April and a few lines once since. Not half a sheet in all. I wrote to him and sent the letter you sent me when the gold came. I thought that would tell him that he did not write you. There is nothing very interesting to write about. Everything moves along just the same. It is very healthy. There has not been a death since Col. Cox's in April. George Hewes is not well but is some better. Doctor Stevens is doing for him now. My dear son, I carry your likeness wherever I journey. Mary Ann has had it to carry to the Sewing Circle. Pearson, who killed his wife and two little children, is to be hung to- morrow between the hours of nine and ten. His father wants him brought home to have a funeral, if it is so I think we shall go to it. Webster is to be hung the 30th of August. I will send you a paper that has his confession in it. He has been a bad man and no mistake. Aunt Flint says that folks think in Cambridge that he was the cause of his mother's death and of the disappearance of an Irish girl. From Your Affectionate Mother, R. H. Swain. Lynnfield, July 26th, 1850. My Very Dear and absent Son: — I have just sent a letter suddenly to the Post Office, for you. It is the second time I have had to send a letter before I had finished it, because there was a chance to send. Now I have commenced another at once, for I will write you one a month as long as I can. 526 APPENDIX II July 27th. I have taken my pen to write again. I had a letter from Charlie this morning saying he was coming home to-day, — wants me to meet him at South Reading, at 12 o'clock. I am going, but you see I have written you four lines today. 28th. Yesterday, when I got to Mary Ann's, Charlie was there. He has come alone on business to Boston and is going to stop one week. His family are well but he has so much to do that he could not be away from home long. He is one of the Trustees who are getting up that School again. Elizabeth Coney and Mary Henfield are going to attend it. 29th. Charles preached for the Baptists yesterday morning and for us at third meeting. His text was, — "Take my yoke upon you, for my yoke is easy and my burden light." August Abbott said that Charles preached the best sermon that had ever been preached in the Baptist meeting house. He (August) gave him a new pair of boots for a present today. 30th. Mr. Swain and Charles have gone to Roxbury. Tomorrow will be a great day at North Reading, — a Railroad Celebration. Aug. 2nd. Charles went home this morning. He says he has sent you three letters and some papers. The Railroad Company invited its Stockholders and others interested to a free excursion from Salem to Lowell and back. From a thousand to fifteen hundred went. Charles was invited. When they came from Lowell they stopped at North Reading and had a lunch upon the Hill in front of the meeting house. The next day every one who wished to go to Lowell was invited to go free. The cars were loaded again. Neither Mr. Swain nor myself went. Tillden and family, Aaron and family, Joel and family and Jeremiah's children went, but none of Benjamin's family. Aaron has his model, two story shop up. He tore the other one away. The Railroad Depot is where Mr. Campbell used to live, next to Mr. Ben Sampson. Aug. 5th. I have no doubt you have seen the death of Mr. Daniel P. King in the papers, and think likely you have seen the Confession and Execution of Pearsons. He was brought to Wilmington and buried by the side of his wife and little children. Lucy Ann has gone home with Charles to stay a number of weeks. My dear son, when Charles was here I wanted him to fix me a paper to send to you, but he said, " No, mother, I will send him one for you when I get home." So you see I cannot do as I would like to because I don't know how. You told me in your letter that you had the Re- corder to read, and I asked Deacon Smith if Dr. Webster's Confession was in the Recorder, he said that it was, so I suppose you have seen it. August 10th. My dear son, I have had a letter from you this after- noon. How good it is to hear from you ! It is better than meat or LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 5tt drink. Sophia is here, so I can have every word of it, so I will say- Goodnight. Aug. 12th. I had Sophia fix the letter you sent to Charles Flint and sent it to Mrs. Buxton. C. is 10 miles out from Boston, I have forgotten the name of the place, and I thought it would do Mrs. B. so much good to know something about her son. I asked how to send it to C. My dear son, I have sent you a letter every month. March, and April, and May, and June, and July. They all went from here the last of the month. I ought to have said I have written you one every month since you went from home. Where can my last letters be that I have sent? They have all been directed as you told me in your letter. I have mentioned all that was interesting and all that Sophia had not written. You said in your last letter you expected that Mr. Badger and Mr. Temple were not far from you. I wrote you in my last letter but one, that was June, that they were gone but 12 or 14 days after starting and then came back. They mailed our letters in New York after they came back. They were homesick. Old Mr. Danforth wants you to write in your letters if you know anything about his son Henry. He has not heard one word from him since April. Captain Bancroft has put up a large barn on the end of the other barn next to the meeting house and Joseph Hill's. 21st. My dear son, I am going to finish my letter to send to you. Oh, if I had wings I would fly to you quickly. I do want to see you so much, my son. What do you want me to do with the gold you sent me? I told you what I had done with some of it. I want to do something with it to remember you by. I have thought I would get a carpet, but then if I should be sick, I would need the money more than a carpet. You mentioned in your letter that Mr. Young was coming home after his family. Why, I am afraid it will make Aunt Betsey crazy. She is so full of trouble. If I can find out when he gets home I shall go down and see him. When will you come home? Don't think of settling down out there, I beg of you. You said you had bought land. August 29th. Dear Brother: — I am at mother's this afternoon and, as she has not finished her letter I am going to do it for her. We are all well except Mary Ann's folks. Mary Ellen is quite un- well. Their little son, the youngest, Daniel Proctor, is dead. He died Monday, the 26th of August, of cholera infantum. He was buried yesterday, the 28th. They feel very badly indeed. He was sick only four days. He died very suddenly indeed. Mary Ann wished mother 528 APPENDIX II to say to you to be sure and write her a good long letter. Poor girl ! She feels sad indeed at such a loss. Mr. Young has just left here but was gone when I came. We were very glad indeed to see some one who has seen you and to hear so directly from you. You say in mother's letter that you have not had a letter by the last three steamers. Mother and myself have written once a month. The letters must be lost. Mr. Young brought two vials of gold. One he said was for mother and the other for Joel. Mother thinks he made a mistake and one is for me. Mother says not but what the gold would be very acceptable to her, but why Joel before Sophia ? Now I will say a word, never mind about that, though it would be very acceptable indeed. Dear Brother, if our lives and health are preserved I am very glad to hear that you are prospering in the things that pertain to this life, but let us remember to lay up a treasure above. We have written all the interesting news in our last letters. Mother sends a great deal of love. Good-bye, dear brother, with much love, R. H. S. and S. L. Father says " give my respects to David." Lynnfield, Aug. 22nd. Dear Uncle: — Here I am down to spend the afternoon with Grandmother, and it is here that she asked me to write to you, which indeed, I am very glad to do. We are all quite well and hope you are too. Grandmother is getting tea, which I presume you would be very glad indeed to drink with us. We fear you are prospering so well in that far off land that you will not return to us for a long time. However, we are thankful that your life is spared. A very sad accident happened at the south part of the Town on Friday last, in which 13 lives were lost by drowning. It was a picnic party that came out from Lynn. Twenty-five of them were sailing on the pond and, by some means or other, the boat was upset. Report says that the boat leaked a very little, which frightened the ladies. (They were mostly ladies, only one man being in the boat) which caused them to run from side to side to avoid the water. The man that was on board had been married but three weeks when both of them found a watery grave. Part of them were from Medway and Saugus. Sad thought, Thirteen funerals on Saturday. One week from next Mon- day I am to take my leave of absence from Lynnfield for a short time, bound for Lansingburgh, N. Y. Miss Mary E. Henfield is going out with me. We anticipate much pleasure both in our journey and our LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 529 studies. I don't know whether I shall stay more than one quarter or not. You will say, "stay a year, certainly." Had I California dust enough, I could decide very quickly. Sometimes I almost wish I were out there with you. I am attending writing school now, which doubt- less, you have already anticipated, at sight of my great improvement in the art. I suppose you do not regret going out to that Western Land. If you did, would you say so? The Railroad from Lowell to Salem is now finished and they are having glorious times. They are in their element. You had better come home and enjoy the frolic with them. My self-allotted time is now far spent, but I hardly know where to stop now that I have got well under way. I shall make no apologies for this scribbling as none is necessary. Mother and the rest of the folks would be glad to send abundance of love and many good wishes, but as they do not know that I am writing you, you must take " the will for the deed." I should be most happy to hear from you when I am gone if it be possible. I bid you an affectionate Good-bye. In Haste, — Lizzie. (Additional, written by Sophia) : Mother wants to see you more than ever, and so do I. You must come this fall, can't you? We have just heard that Major Mansfield is dangerously sick with dysentery. It is a general time of health. Do take good care of yourself. Mr. Crane, from the Paper Mill, Sarah Carter's husband, returned home last Saturday with $8,000. Lynnfield, Sept. 3rd, 1850. My Very Dear Son: It makes me grieved and sad when I hear that you don't get my let- ters. I have written one to you every month since you left. I have received all of your letters since you began to number them except No. 4. I have written you all that was interesting as I passed along, for I wrote but a few lines at a time. I cannot but think you will get some of them ; but, Oh my dear son, don't leave off writing to me, I beg of you. Take my word I will write you a letter every month as long as I can hold my pen. I can write but a few lines at a time. My eyes trouble me, though my head is much better. You ask if I have received my gold. Yes, I wrote in two letters at least about it. In my last I said nothing, thinking you had received my previous letters. I got the letter you sent by Captain Perkins, June 20-27, and received the gold; but he did not do as vou wished 530 APPENDIX II him to. The letter was mailed on the Steam-ship. I have not seen him. If I knew you had not yet received my letters I would write again what I have written, but I hope you have them now. Mr. Young and wife came to see me last Friday — 29th. I was glad to see them. He could stop but one hour. I had to get dinner in the time so I could ask him but a few things and I want to see him again very much. He gave me a letter and a vial of gold, — said you sent it to me. He said nothing of your sending any to your brothers and sisters. I asked his wife if she was sure if you had sent it to me, because you had already sent me a large present of gold, and had said you would remember brothers and sisters next. She said: "Yes, William says it is for you." They had seen you about an hour and sent a vial back by Mr. Bryant, he said it was for me. Sophia came down here the same afternoon. I told her that I guessed the one they had given me was for her, and you were going to give to the oldest first. After that we heard from North Reading and Mr. Young had sent the rest of it there. Elizabeth Coney has gone to Charles to go to school where he lives. I sent a vial of gold by her. My Dear Son, you have made us all a handsome present, me in par- ticular, for which I give you many thanks. Mary Ann has lost her little boy, Proctor. He was sick four days with dysentery. He died the 26th of August. They had his likeness taken after he died. It looks well, not like death — but like sleep. Mary Ann is taken with him. She held him in her arms. I was there the day he died. He was in great distress until about two hours before he died. He became easy then. He was perfectly sensible. Would wipe the tear from his mother's face. He began to talk when easy. He pointed to us all and kissed every one without any one saying a word to him about it, and smiled a number of times. I never saw any- thing like it before. He died like a baby going to sleep, but I never saw a family feel as badly as they did. But the all-wise hand of God has taken one who was prepared to go. Whose turn it will be next we cannot know, and it is no matter if we are only prepared. My Dear Son, let us try to live so that if we should be called suddenly we could give up our account with joy, for how often are we warned of the certainty of death. August 10th. To-day I have been to Mary Ann's. Scobey is sick and it is doubtful if he lives. Mary Ann's cup is full. I hope these afflictions will be for her spiritual good. I am going to attend a lec- ture this afternoon. We have a minister from New Jersey preach- ing here now. We like him much. We are in hopes that he will settle with us. His name is Condit. I have written you all about Mr. Green in my other letters. I hope you have them before this. LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 531 Dear Brother: — Mother has gone to meeting, but she said this letter must go to- morrow, so I am writing for her. I am storm-stayed, Lucy is more com- fortable. The other friends are all well. Cousin Joshua started for Sacramento in May last, to go to you. Have you seen him? Cousin Daniel has started too. The potato crop is mostly eaten up by rot. It was never so bad before. We have had a great deal of rain. It is a general time of health. I hope you are well. There are abundance of berries of all kinds. Mother says she hopes you have got gold enough from the Mines to come home. A heap of love from us all. Good-bye. Write to us as often as the mail comes out. Sister Ruth. Lynnfield, Nov. 26th, 1850. My Dear Child: — How do you do? In good health, I hope. I received a letter from you yesterday, the 25th. It was mailed October 14th. My son, what happiness it is to me to get a letter from you and to know that you are alive at each time, but it is so very trying to me to know that you do not receive my letters. I have sent you one every month since you left home, and have written you all that was interesting. I don't know but that I have had all of your letters excepting one, — No. 4. I did not get that one. Have you not heard yet of the death of Mary Ann's little boy — Proctor? He died August 26th. Was sick only four days, — Cholera Infantum. Leroy was taken with dysentery and for a number of weeks it was not thought that he would live, but he got better. Benjamin was taken sick with his old complaint, Rheumatism, and has not done any work for about three months. He cannot walk a step. I have been in hopes that he would be able to come up here on Thanksgiving, but he is not here. We have had three invitations to Thanksgiving, from Ruth, Joel and Oliver Swain. Mr. Swain thinks we must go to Oliver's. My dear son, where are you going? Oh, I wish you were coming home ! We wrote to you the last of August and the first of September all about Mary Ann's family affliction. Mary Ann and Mary Ellen wrote with me at that time. If you have not had those letters Mary Ann wanted you to write her a long letter. She has had one from you since but you had not received ours then. They are afflicted but do not complain. I had a short letter from Charles the other day. He sent me the one he had from you. He said he had sent you five letters. It is too bad that you cannot get our letters. 532 APPENDIX II It has been a very pleasant fall. On the 26th of November we had a very little snow. James Reed died the 12th of Nov. He had a fever. We like our minister well. There is a good state of feeling in the church. The meetings are well attended. There were 50 out to prayer-meeting. Two of Mrs. Moses' daughters have joined the church. I have been to Roxbury. Addie Cox went with me. I went to Aunt Flint's and sent for Mrs. Buxton to come to Aunt's. She said she would. I suppose something prevented for she did not come. I carried your letters with me and had them read, but neither of the girls were at home. I was sorry I could not see Mrs. Buxton. Her son has never written any particulars to his mother about his father. She says she has great reason to thank you for your kindness to her and to her son. I have re-written in this much that I said in my last letters, for fear you will not get them. My brother, Joseph Tapley, has lost his wife. She had a fever and died the 23rd of October. We wrote you all particulars in the last letter. Lucy Ann says she don't know what George has written you about coming to you. She has no thought of coming. He won't come without her. All the friends are well but Benjamin. My health is pretty good. My head troubles me but little, though my eyes do. I ask Ruth, Aaron and Joel to write with me this time. Aaron and myself had a letter from you last month. I, with Joshua Hewes, this month. Lizzie Coney came home last week. She liked her school much. Thanksgiving Day. Well, my dear son, it is raining to-day, and it reminds me of another rainy Thanksgiving Day, a number of years ago, when none of the children came home to Thanksgiving but you. I look back to the time when there was a large family at home, now there are only enough to say " we." My dear children are all out of sight, but not one of them are out of mind. My child, I want to know how you enjoy your mind? Do you have that peace which the world can never give nor take away? Do not feel too anxious to get rich. A little of this world with a clear con- science and a contented mind is far better than gold or silver. I must close to go to meeting. I thank you for writing to me often. It is better than meat or drink to me to have a letter from you, but Oh, I tell you, I want to see you ! I often think when I am here alone if I only had wings how I would fly to you ! But then I say to myself, how can I be thankful enough to know that you have enough of this world, and, I hope, an interest in Heaven too. When I read in the papers you sent me of the sufferings on the plains, I asked myself how I should feel if you were one of them. LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 533 Oh, I cannot tell ! but, my son, be very careful of your health. I must say Good-bye ; Much love from your Affectionate Mother, R. H. S. Lynnfield, Nov. 30th, 1850. My Very Dear and Absent Son; — Ruth and myself mailed you a letter yesterday in answer to the one you wrote October 13th, and which reached us Nov. 25th. In this letter I told you that Mr. Swain and myself were going to Oliver Swain's to Thanksgiving dinner. We went the next day, and had a number of our children at home; Joel and wife, Tillden and fam- ily, Aaron and family, Oliver Swain and family. I expected Jeremiah and Sophia to come with Benjamin and Mary Ann if they were able. As I mentioned in my last, Benjamin Cox has been sick. Oh, my son, as I sat at the table with those of the children who were present, how my mind flew to you ! The tears would come ! I mentioned that at last Thanksgiving you were here, but Oh, where were you now! We had a very good time, — nineteen of us in all. Dec. 4th. I will write a little more to-day. Last Sunday Mary Ann came to our meeting and came home with us afterwards to dinner. Yesterday, Tuesday, we had the neighbors in to spend the after- noon. There were Mr. Bryant and wife, Mr. Macenter and wife, Mr. Levi Smith and family, Mr. Shute and family, fifteen altogether. Dec. 6th. Sophia came down at 11 o'clock to spend the day with me. Mrs. Shannon and Lydia Hewes also came in to see me. I told you in my last letter that James Reed was dead. To-day his property is seized. Oh, my dear son, what changes a month will bring about! Sometimes a single day will bring sickness and sudden death. The first of this month the friends of Mr. Levi H. Russell received news of the death of his brother, Benjamin, who went to California. He was drowned. This was terrible news to his friends. It happened on October 13th, you may have seen it in the papers. My dear son, it is one year to-night since you and George came and said you were going to California. That was the first I could believe you were really going away. Oh, the night you left me ! And not only that night but all the nights and days of these long weeks and months for the year that you have been gone! What a continual anxiety. Yet I feel thankful that I have had letters from you so often. Still, I am afraid of your becoming so anxious to get rich that you will not enjoy your mind well. Oh, be careful of that, my son. How many there are who obtain their riches and start for home, but die before 534 APPENDIX II they see home. I don't want you to think I do not want you to be industrious and to do all the good you can, for I prize what you sent me very highly, and the brothers and sisters think much of theirs, for it came from one who loves them, but, Oh my dear son, you cannot begin to think how much your mother wants to see you ! I think if I had wings, I should not stop much until I got to you. As I sit here alone, I say to myself, — " What would I give to have David come and spend the evening with me." Yet what is an evening compared with Eternity? Oh, that the Spirit of God may ever strive with us, my son ! Let us live day by day as we shall wish to have done when we are called to give up our account. My son, live prayerfully. Be ever found at the foot of the cross; so that, if you die, you may leave a bright and shining evidence that you died in the Lord, and your mantle may come and rest on your affectionate mother and brothers and sisters. Oh, my dear son, I hope it will be the will of God for you to come back. Dec. 19th. Today Deacon Smith and Rev. Mr. Wright, who is going into the work of a Colporteur, came in as I was writing to you. I said, — " I am writing to my son in Sacramento." " Have you a son there? " asked Mr. Wright; " I hope he is pious." " He is," said I. " Well," said he, " he needs a great deal of religion to keep him from falling in that wicked place." Mr. Wright prayed while here. I never heard such a good prayer before. He prayed in particular for you. Oh, my dear son, how he did pray for you. He appeared to me the most Godly man I ever saw. He is spending a few days in Lynn- field, selling books. He preached for us last Sunday on keeping the Sabbath. It was good, too. We like our minister very much. He appears to be thoroughly devoted. My dear son, if you live a devoted life where you are, you may be the means of the conversion of a soul that would be worth more than gold, and be a star in your crown. Gold doesn't shine in Heaven. Dec. 21st. I have just beard that Eli Newhall died yesterday of fever. Do you know anything about the Mr. Hindle who went with you? We have a letter from his brother in Andover asking if you had said anything about him. They have not heard a word since last February, and are very anxious. If you know anything write them or me. Do you receive any papers ? We have sent a good many. I feel anxious for another letter from you. What should I do if I did not hear from you more frequently than others do from their friends there ! A foot of snow has fallen since yesterday and it is very cold. Dec. 28th. No letter yet. There was a severe storm last week. It was said that the Mail Steamer did not arrive. I hope that I shall have a letter from you when it does. A great deal is said in the LETTERS OF MRS. RUTHE HEWES 535 papers about the Cholera in Sacramento. My dear son, how bad is it? That is, if you are alive to answer. I ask myself whether I am writing to the living or to the dead. I am getting so impatient to hear from you I don't know what to do. When I would feel cheerful I feel sad. On Christmas Day we all went to Joel's and had a very good time. There were twenty-two of us. Jeremiah and wife and one child, Till- den and wife and one child, Aaron and wife and one child, Benjamin Cox and wife and one child, — Benjamin's health is better but he can- not walk a step yet without two crutches. He has not done anything for four months and it is not likely that he will this winter. Mary Ann, poor child, has had a hard time. Oh, my son, what would I give if you were here ! Do come home. Ben. and Mary Ann and their child came home with us and stayed until night. Joel and wife and the two girls spent the evening with us. Sophia came down the next morning, Jere- miah in the afternoon. Mr. Swain carried them home at night. My dear son, this year and this half Century are almost at a close. What another year and another fifty years will bring about, God only knows. It is very healthy in this part of the world. My son, have you ever received the letters that I sent by Adams Ex- press ? There was one in May and one in August. Sabbath, Dec. 29th. A storm of snow commenced yesterday. It still snows and blows so hard that we cannot go to meeting. Nothing can pass until the roads are broken out. It is very cold. This is the last Sabbath of this year. When I look back over the year that has passed and see how many families have been broken into by death, I ask myself why it is that death has not come nearer still and taken away one of my own dear children or myself. Why, it is just the goodness of the Lord. She that was Harriet Jenkins died very suddenly. I forgot what the Doctor called it. She was at her father's one day, visiting. The next day at noon she was a corpse. Oh, how often we are told to set our house in order ! Dear son, may the Lord help us so to live that if we are called before this year or another year closes, we may give up our account with joy and not grief. I had a letter from Charles last week. All are well. He said in the letter that he had sent you 3 letters and a number of papers. Have you received them all ? He tells me that he and the family are coming home next July to stay until September, for it is their vacation, in their school. They will spend the first of the time in Providence. Oh, my dear son, I wish if we all live, you could be here. I want to see my dear children all together once more. Dec. 30th. The last day of the year ! No letter. Mr. Swain and myself are going up to Reading today to spend the day. I am going down to the Post Office first, to see if any letter has come; if not, I shall leave this at the Office for you. I don't know as you 536 APPENDIX II will ever get it. My dear, I wish you many a Happy New Year. Much love from Your Affectionate Mother, R. H. S. Do you get any letters from home? Do you know Mary Ann's youngest child died in August? We have sent you six letters since then. Lynnfield, March 23rd, 1851. My Beloved Son: — How do you do ? I have had the letter you sent by Mr. Emerson of South Reading, and a piece of quartz rock, and a diamond glass, for which I feel very thankful, for knowing who it came from. I look at it and show it. I have not seen Mr. Emerson, but Mary Ann has been down to see him. I hope he will call to see me. If I can I shall call on him. The last letter I or any of us had direct from you, was dated 29th of Dec. I got it the 16th of Feb. I had a paper the 11th of this month from you. I have been expecting a letter some weeks, why I don't have one, I know not. You have always been so faithful to write, and as I have not had all your letters, I think they must be lost. It is very trying, you know, to be expecting a letter and have none, but what should I do if I didn't hear from you oftener than some of the folks here do. Old Danforth has not had a letter from his son Henry for eight months. He put in a piece with me the last time I wrote, last February. I have sent you a letter every month since you have been gone. I have had 18 letters from you and 7 papers. I have sent you a number of papers. 26th. I will write a few lines this morning. It is a fine and beauti- ful day. It is very healthy. Our Minister has not been called to tend a funeral since he has been here. Five months. My health is better than when I last wrote you. I have had my health insured. Had to pay five dollars and a quarter. If I should be sick, I would draw back three dollars a week. Mary Ann and Mary E. has had theirs insured. They are writing with me and will tell you all. Lizzie Coney has a gentleman, William Nichols, Isaiah's son. He is a fine young man. We have let our house this year to a man named Berry, of Danvers. My dear son, I am sorry that Charles and Lucy Ann don't write to you, and they don't write to me. Lucy and George have not been up since last Summer. They are going to move this spring, but will be nearer his store. Joel has been here today. He is fat as a pig. He S^ V *T| a ■£> f*''r\ vr- ST* ^* &X X *f X^ X I* ^ ; '^\; ,j w e4$G 5e&c>terS their wor*m&T«r**i'p So «et ovr Sonr at\i ^av^ht? $r»sht t*m?>i*r tow#rin^ to t Air he ri n F* © I <* I A daughter, wife of Bartholomew de Hampden Sir Reginald de Hampden Sir Alexr de Hampden Sir Reginald de Hampden Sir John de Hampden, d. 1375 Sir Edmund de Hampden Sir John de Hampden Anne de Hampden, wife of William de Puttenham of Puttenham and Penne, etc. Nicholas Putnam of Penne Henry Putnam Richard Putnam John Putnam i Nicholas Putnam John Putnam of Salem Nathaniel Putnam i John Putnam John Putnam Phebe Putnam = Gilbert Tapley i Joseph Tapley Ruthe Tapley = Col. Joel Hewes David Hewes of Orange, Calif. THE NORDEN AND COPP FAMILIES Samuel Norden, a cordwainer, first appears in Boston in 1646, when he married Joanna Copp, daughter of William Copp of Boston, also a cordwainer. William Copp, for whom Copp's Hill is named, was admitted to the church in Boston, 4-5-1640, and as freeman, 2 June, 1641. His wife Judith was admitted to the church 24-11-1640. Their daughter Johanna was admitted to the church 26-3-1644. William Copp made his will 31 Oct., 1662, which was proved 15 March, 1669-70. In it he named wife " Goodeth," daughter Tewxshery, sons David and Jonathan, daughters Ruth and Lydia; also grandchildren, William, Thomas, John and Mary Harvey, John and Sarah Atwood, and Samuel and Sarah Norden. (N. E. Hist. Gen. Register, 48:459.) The grandchildren, Samuel and Sarah Norden, each received a legacy of <£5. Savage says that William Copp came probably in the Blessing, aged 26. His daughter Ann married Herman Atwood, and Martha married William Harvey. By a curious mistake on Boston records, at the time his eldest child was baptized Samuel Norden is described as " Hugh Northend," but the mother's name is correctly given, and also the additional information that she was " formerly Copp." They were married probably in 1646. Samuel Norden in 1651 occupied the house built by Robert Harding (see Suffolk Deeds, 1:319), but the next year he is found selling a house near the " new meeting house " (ibid., 276). He held town office. Children : Hannah, bapt., aged about 5 days, 30-3mo., 1647, " of Joanna and Hugh Northend she form. Copp." She married Joshua Hewes, Jr., q. v. In Nathaniel Norden's will she is described as " my own sister." Sarah, bapt., aged about 4 days, of " Joanna and Samuel Northend," 12-6 mo., 1649. Samuel, born 8-9-1651. Nathaniel, born 27 Nov., 1653. Of whom below. Benjamin, born 15 June, 1656. Joanna Norden died 29-4-1656, and Samuel married, second, 1656, Elizabeth Pormont, daughter of Philemon Pormont of Boston, by whom he had: Elizabeth, born 2 Sept., 1657. Susannah, born 26 Nov., 1659, married 17 Aug., 1693, John Hudson or Hewson. Joseph, born 28 Feb., 1663. 555 556 APPENDIX IV Abigail, bapt. 10-10-1665. Joshua, born 3 July, 1666. Mary, born 22 March, 1669, bapt. as Marah, 27-1-1670. Isaac, born 8 March, 1672-3. One of the daughters, by the second wife, married a Hooper, and had a son Samuel, a legatee of his uncle, Nathaniel Norden, the only one of his paternal relatives, aside from the descendants of Hannah Hewes, who is mentioned in his will. Capt. Nathaniel Norden of Marblehead, son of Samuel, was born 27 Nov., 1653. He was at first a mariner, and later a pros- perous merchant. He was one of the selectmen of Marblehead in 1690, and that year he and Capt. Legg are asked by the General Court to explain why they have not kept better order at Marblehead. He was of the Council for Massachusetts, 1708-23. He was married to Jane Lattimer, a daughter of Christopher Lat- timer of Marblehead, prior to 1686. She died 20-2-1722, and he mar- ried again 20 Sept., 1722, Mary Legg, then widow of Capt. Edward Brattle, and who after his death married, 24 July, 1728, Col. Edmund Goffe of Cambridge. Capt. Nathaniel Norden made his will 16 Feb., 1724. It was proved 11 March, 1727-8 (Essex Probate, 19: 555). To his two loving kins- men, Nathaniel and Joshua Huse (sic), sons of Samuel Huse, late of Boston, cooper, deceased, and grandsons unto Joshua Huse, formerly of Boston, cordwainer, deceased, and Hannah, his wife, " who was my owne sister," .£40 apiece, and also to their sister, Hannah Huse, £30. To Sarah Grice, daughter of Hannah Huse, " my late deceased sister," £40. To the children of Joseph Dolbier (sic) of Boston, brazier, whom he had by my niece Hannah Huse, namely, Edmund Dolbear, £40, and to his two sisters £30 apiece. To Mary Perkins of Boston, widow, late Mary Hooper, wife of Samuel Hooper of Marblehead, de- ceased, £40, and to Mary Hooper, her daughter which she had by Samuel Hooper, deceased, £40. To Samuel Hooper, who is son to my half-sister, who was daughter of my father by my mother-in-law, 4 £10. To Rev. John Barnard, my pastor, £10. To beloved wife, Mary Norden, one-third of the estate during life, and one-half the personal estate, after debts and legacies are paid, and she is also to enjoy all personal estate she had at the time of her marriage to me. Also dwelling house, meadow and orchards, stables and warehouses, etc., in Marblehead for her life; also for life, the rents and profits of my real estate. Wife Mary, and William Welstead of Boston, Esq., to be ex- ecutors, and to whom £50 and £10 respectively. * Step-relatives are invariably so described in those days. NORDEN-COPP FAMILIES 557 Residue of estate to the children and grandchildren of my sister, Hannah Huse, which may survive me, to be equally divided between them, their heirs and assigns. The widow, Mary Norden, and William Welstead declined to accept administration of the estate, whereupon Samuel Hewes, merchant, and Edmond Dolbear, merchant, both of Boston, were appointed as admin- istrators with the will annexed, 26 March, 1728. An inventory of the estate, taken the preceding day, showed the estate to be worth £4,593-10-8, including 362 ounces of plate at 15 shillings, £271-10-0, land in Freetown, part of island at Minheegen, Kettle Cove in Gloucester, mansion house with gardens, and a small dwelling house, etc., in King St., £1550, orchard adjoining, £100, meadow adjoining, £250, another house and land in possession of Mary Tucker, £50, a farm with house and barn, being Maverick's " pur- chase," £500, purchase that was Codner's adjoining the farm £100, fish stage, lease land and other land on the Neck, £10. A number of interesting papers are filed with the will. There are receipts from legatees as follows: 8 July, 1728, from William Dollar (possibly Dolland) for £40, legacy to his wife from her " uncle Nathaniel Norden." (This was probably Mary Hooper.) 4 March, 1728-9, from Sarah Grice and Mary Perkins, who make their mark, for legacies of £40. 21 July, 1729, from William Killworth for his wife, Elizabeth Kill- worth, and from Charles Busso for his wife, Hannah Dolbear, now Busso, these last being witnessed by Hannah Hewes. 16 Dec, 1729, from Nathaniel Hewes, for his legacy. 25 Feb., 1729-30, from Edmond Goft'e for £50 legacy for his wife. A complaint was entered 26 July, 1729, that the administrators had not made an accounting of the estate, consequently, on the 5 August, they made their first accounting, showing debts paid of £1271- From the bills on file we learn that Norden was attended in his last ill- ness by James Strahan, who presented his bill for attendance and med- icines from 30 Jan., to 3 Feb., 1727-8, £5. Edward Pell presented a bill, July, 1728, " to painting & gilding 10 escutcheons @ 22 shillings, £11, to hatchment and frame 6 shillings, five yards of Allimode @ 7/6 £1-17-6. Total £18-17-6." Evidently the funeral was graced with an abundance of heraldic emblems. It would be interesting to know if any of the ten escutcheons have re- mained in existence. The Gore roll of arms, printed in Heraldic Journal, Vol. 1, has the following entry, " No. 12. Nathaniel Norden, Esq., of Marblehead, one of his Majesty's Council. Norden and Lati- mer. Argent, on a fesse gules between three beavers passant, a cross- 558 APPENDIX IV let fitchee between two fleurs-de-lys, gold. Crest, a demi-beaver, holding in his mouth a branch of leaves. The impalement is, Gules, a cross patonce argent" (for Latimer). There is an order on Mrs. Hannah Hewes, dated " Marblehead, 11 March, 1727-8. Please pay to Robert Robinson, Esq., three pounds six shillings money on demand. I am yo r Dutiful Son Sam 1 Hewes " A deed dated 21 Feb., 1686-7, from Christopher Lattimer, of Mar- blehead, vintner, to son-in-law, Nathaniel Norden, of Marblehead, mariner, in consideration of £20, conveys land whereon the house of said Norden stands, and the land, house and orchard which was the estate of and occupied by my father, William Pitt, deceased. Archibald Ferguson of Marblehead, mariner, and Moses Hawkes of Lynn, planter, empowered to sell the real estate of Mr. Moses Maverick, sometime of Marblehead, in consideration of £65, convey, 4 Sept., 1699, to Nathaniel Norden of Marblehead, merchant, part of the Great Plain farm laid out to Moses Maverick, deceased, i. e., 37 acres, etc., being the whole of his £15 first purchase. (Essex Deeds, 9:3; 14:86.) Samuel Hewes of Boston, merchant, for ,£1500 old tenor on 23 Oct., 1749, sold to Nathaniel Bowen of Marblehead, gentleman, all his right, title and interest, being 9/13 part in the messuage, lands, etc., in Mar- blehead, which of right belonged to Nathaniel Norden, Esq., deceased, that is to say, the messuage where he dwelt at the time of his death, except so much as was recovered by law by the heirs of Christopher Lattimore, deceased; a messuage formerly Capt. Andrew Pratey's, a messuage formerly of Henry Tewksbury ; Norden's farm 50 acres, near to Forest River, called the Dungeons, being part of the Plain Farm so- called, except so much as belonged to heirs of Christopher Lattimore. The said thirteenths being the shares of Samuel Hewes, the grantor, and by purchase of William and Elizabeth Killworth, Charles and Hannah Burso, John and Elizabeth Reed, Hannah Blay, Edmund Dol- bear, Stephen and Hannah Winter, Joshua Hewes, Edmund Grice Dolbear and wife Elizabeth. Wife Elizabeth Hewes releases dower. (Essex Deeds, 95: 66.) On the 8 Oct., 1 729, Mary Perkins and Sarah Grice, widows ; Joshua Hewes, tailor; Nathaniel Hewes, blacksmith; Hannah Blay, William Killworth, and Charles Busso, cordwainer, all of Boston, released to Col. Edmund Goffe of Marblehead, all their right, etc., in the estate of Nathaniel Norden, granting him power of attorney, etc. (Essex Deeds, 56:57.) The purchase by Samuel Hewes of the various interests in the estate are as follows: For £100, from John Reed, J 1 *., of Barrington, Bristol Co., brickmaker, and wife Elizabeth (Elizabeth Hewes, daughter of Joshua, the gunsmith), 1 July, 1729. For £300, from Charles Busso of Boston, cordwainer, and wife NORDEN-COPP FAMILIES 559 Hannah^ and from William Killworth of Boston, cordwainer, and wife Elizabeth (Hannah and Elizabeth were daughters of Joseph Dolbear by Hannah Hewes), 3 July, 1729. For ,£100, from Hannah Blay of Boston, widow, granddaughter of Hannah Hewes, wife of Joshua Hewes, cordwainer (she was sister of Elizabeth Reed), 4 Nov., 1729. For £65, from Edmond Dolbear of Boston, bookkeeper, and wife Deborah, said Edmond being one of the grandchildren of Hannah, wife of Joshua Hewes. 12 Aug., 1745. For £25, from Edmund Grice Dolbear of Boston, tailor, and wife Elizabeth. (He was a grandson of Hannah Hewes, who married Joseph Dolbear.) 30 Apr., 1748. For £25, from Stephen Winter of Boston, jeweller, and Hannah, his wife. (She was Samuel Hewes' own sister.) 12 August, 1745. For £84-6-0, from Joshua Hewes, tailor, who gave his bond for .£100, to be void if he repaid the said £84; his interest in the estate and his legacy being collateral for the loan. (He never discharged the bond, and his share was forfeited to Samuel.) 25 April, 1729. (See Essex Deeds, 53: 164, 167; 54: 171; 95: 6, 7, etc.) On the 4 Feb., 1745, Benjamin Hewes and wife Prudence of Kings- ton, Jamaica, gave power of attorney to Samuel Hewes of Boston, mer- chant, doubtless in relation to the settlement of their interest in the Norden estate, but not specifically mentioning the same. (Suffolk Deeds, 71: 234.) The four-thirteenths which Samuel Hewes did not attempt to convey to Bowen were probably the interests of Sarah Grice, Mary Perkins, Nathaniel Hewes, the blacksmith, and Benjamin Hewes, which if the case would presume the death without issue of both Joshua and Nathaniel, sons of Samuel. The latter, however, would seem to have been living in 1729, when he receipted for his legacy. There is no receipt from Joshua for his legacy, but it is to be noted that Joshua, the tailor, in pledging his interest to Samuel in 1729, mentions his legacy as well as interest in estate. Could he have been the younger Joshua? There is as yet confusion in the records relating to the two Nathaniels and Joshuas. THE JOHNSON FAMILY Samuel Johnson, a mariner, first appears in Boston in 1653, when the record of birth of his son Peter is found. In 1654, 21 July, he bought of William Parsons, carpenter, in consideration of £25, a dwelling house and orchard at the upper end of the south marsh, between lands of Mr. Thomas Webber west, and lands of Mr. Henry Webb, north, with lands of James Davis east, and facing the street south, in length 80 feet, and in breadth 42 feet. Ruth Parsons, wife of William, also signs the deed, which runs to Samuel Johnson of Boston, seaman, and Mary Johnson, his wife (Suffolk Deeds, 2:229). Mr. W. H. Whittemore in the Appendix to the Book of Possessions, page 101, describes the lot of Parsons as situated with the lane west, Henry Webb north, James Davis east, and the Spring Gate south, being lot No. 72 on his plan. The Spring Gate was the spring and watering place between the lots of Thomas Oliver and Gov. John Winthrop, and reached on the east to Hibbin's lot. The present Spring Lane marks the old way to the watering place. This lot sold to Johnson, was, therefore, about at the corner of Devonshire and Water streets. Samuel Johnson died 23-1 lmo., 1656, according to the inventory of his estate. His house and ground were valued at £20. His total estate was <£56-0-5, as certified to by Mary Johnson, the widow. Evi- dence of young children in the family is afforded by the item, one trundle bed, with furnishings, at £2-16-0. Besides this trundle bed, there were but two bedsteads in the house, one with flock bed, one bolster, rug, and a feather bolster, being valued at £1-16-6, the other, with more elaborate furnishings, at £5. This does not indicate a large family. (Suffolk Probate, 3:66.) Mary Johnson, widow, left an undated will, which was proved 2-4 mo., 1670. (Suffolk Probate, 7:21.) To her son, Samuel John- son, she gave the " fore part of my house, with the peice of land which lyeth between my house and Mr. Richard's house," from the front to the lower end of the garden, about 16 feet in breadth, for his lifetime, then to pass to his eldest son, who, if he die without issue, it shall pass to the eldest son of either of my daughters, " and so successively to the next heir male to be carried along, never to be sold or mortgaged." Also to Samuel the bed in the great chamber, a silver wine cup, one silver spoon, and the copper in the cellar, on condition of his paying to his sisters, Rebecca and Hannah, 30 shillings apiece. 560 CQ Si § THE JOHNSON FAMILY 561 To her daughter, Rebecca Allen, the back part of the house for her life, then to her son if he be living, otherwise to the next of her chil- dren, or if none are living then to the eldest son of daughter Hannah Lyscom. Also to her daughter Allen, my apprentice's time, who at the end of her time is to have two suits of apparel. To her daughter Hannah Lyscom " at the lower end of my garden the whole breadth of my ground from Samuel's part to Mr. John Lev- erett's fence, and 16 feet toward the north end of my house for a way to both their houses, also £20 which my son, William Allen, owes me." To son, John Lyscom, £10. To her daughters, Rebecca and Han- nah, all her household goods. Goods in the shop are mentioned. The three children are appointed executors. Henry Bridgham and Nathaniel Bishop are appointed overseers. A deposition purporting to be that of James Johnson, that he witnessed the signing of the will, is signed " Samuel Johnson his mark." Ail inventory, taken 22-12 mo., 1669, disclosed a total estate of £638-18-7, of which the house and land stood at £300. The inventory mentions the hall, kitchen, little kitchen, cellar, and kitchen chamber. Items in the inventory are, Spanish money £102-11-0, New England money, £12, six silver spoons and a silver wine cup, £3, wearing ap- parrell, £19, and shop goods £224. Deposed to by Rebecca Allen, 29-2-1670 (Suffolk Probate, 7: 49). There was at this time a James Johnson, a glover, who was deacon in the church, and husband of Thomas Oliver's daughter Abigail. Children : Rebecca, married William Allen of Boston. She had Re- becca, born 25 Sept., 1670. Hannah, married John Lyscom or Luscomb, of Boston, and had John, born 2 Jan., 1667; Mary, born 10 Aug., 1671; Ebenezer, born 29 April, 1676. Samuel, aged 34 in 1685 (Suffolk Files, 2377), of whom below. Samuel Johnson (Samuel) of Boston, cooper, lived in Water street on the estate inherited from his mother. In March, 1675-6, he was elected hogreeve. In March, 1676-7, he is mentioned as a cooper. He is probably the Samuel Johnson who was tythingman in 1680, and also one of the five clerks of the market that year. There was also a contemporary of the same name. One or the other was constable in 1683-4, and measurer of grain in 1701. He made his will 28 Nov., 1715, which was proved 16 July, 1716 (Suffolk Probate, 19:159). To his loving wife Hannah he gave 40 shillings annually to be paid by his two daughters and son equally. " Unto my two daughters, Mary Sutton and Hannah Hews, the westerly part of my house called the kitchen, measuring 16 feet in 562 APPENDIX IV breadth, with the land the same breadth from the street to the rear of my land to be enjoyed by them, their heirs and assigns forever, and to have equal privildeges of the well for water " * * * unto my six grandchildren six silver spoons of equal value. I also give unto my four grandsons my four fire locks." To his son Joseph he gave all the rest of the house, a silver hilted sword, and a silver whistle and cane, and the residue of the estate, and made him executor. He married Hannah. Children: Hannah, born 22 Jan., 1677-8; married Samuel Hewes, q. v. Samuel, born 24 Jan., 1670-1. Joseph. Mary, married William Sutton. He and wife Mary sell to Hannah Hewes, widow, their house in Water street. (Deeds, 34:224.) SMITH FAMILY 6 John Smith of Salem married Elizabeth Goodale, daughter of Robert Goodale, before 1658, as on that date he calls Robert Goodale his father-in-law (Essex Deeds, Vol. I, p. 40). She was baptized at First Church, probably 31-3 mo-1640. An inventory of the estate of John Smith was returned by widow Elizabeth, 16-5 mo., 1672. She married, second, March, 1674-5, William Bennett. Children: Abraham, born probably about 1658, baptized 28 Aug., 1670. John, baptized 28 Aug., 1670. Sarah, baptized 28 Aug., 1670. Mary, baptized 28 Aug., 1670. Elizabeth, baptized 28 Aug., 1670. Elizabeth, baptized 8 Aug., 1672. Abraham Smith (John), married 25 Apr., 1694, at Topsfield, Mary Perkins, daughter of William Perkins, and resided at Salem Village after his marriage. She was born at Topsfield 4 Apr., 1672. He was a weaver and yeoman. On 6 Dec, 1692, he agrees with his brothers and sisters to take care of his mother, Elizabeth Bennett, during the remainder of her life in consideration of the land which she then possessed (Essex Deeds, 9:67). On June 3, 1740, Abraham Smith deeds all his real estate to his son Nathan. Children : Nathan, born 8 Dec, 1696. David, born 26 July, 1699. Joseph, born 3 Nov., 1702. Eleazer, baptized 15 June, 1707. Stephen, baptized 5 Oct., 1712. Nathan Smith (Abraham, John), born 8 Dec, 1696; married Mary. He was a cooper and lived at Salem Village. His will, dated 28 July, 1766, mentions wife Mary; daughter, Elizabeth Felton; Amos, Asa and Nathan, children of daughter Mary; and son Nathan, to whom he gives all his lands, 2 guns, his best sword, cutlass and all his cooper's tools. Inventory returned by son Nathan, 28 Nov., amounted to £457-2-7- e From notes of Harriet S. Tapley. 563 564 APPENDIX IV Children: Elizabeth, born 30 Nov., 1722, baptized at Salem Village 20 May, 1722. Mary, born 7 April, 1726, baptized at Salem Village 12 June, 1726. Nathan, born 7 April, 1727, baptized at Salem Village 29 June, 1729. Nathan Smith (Nathan, Abraham, John), born 7 April, 1727; married 11 July, 1750, Mary Flint. He was a yeoman and lived at Salem Village, now Danvers. Administration on his estate was granted to his widow Mary, 5 March, 1770. His estate amounted to .£864-15-9. Children: Jesse, born 17 Jan., 1752. Ruth, born 15 Jan., 1755. Mary, born 19 Aug., 1758, married Joseph Tapley. John, born 18 Nov., 1761. Elizabeth, born 16 Aug., 1764. THE WELLMAN FAMILY The founder of the Wellman family of Lynnfield was Thomas Wellman. " Goodman " Wellman is named in the accounts of Gif- ford, agent for the Iron Works at Saugus, in his suit in 1653 against the proprietors for advances for diet for laborers, and for provisions purchased and teaming done by his own help and the neighboring settlers. From the prefix " Goodman," it is probable that Gifford in- tended a farmer and not a laborer, and that Thomas Wellman was the man. We know he owned land prior to his purchase, jointly with John Knight, 17-12mo., 1653-4, of two sixty-acre lots at Lynn End (Lynnfield), near Stone's Meadow and Bates' Brook, as this purchase was bounded on the north by land already his. When Thomas Wellman settled in Lynnfield, then a part of Lynn, 1 and from what part of Great Britain he came, are queries yet to be answered. A William Wellman was an inhabitant of Gloucester in 1649, but soon removed to New London, Conn. He was evidently a man of about the same age as Thomas. No connection between them has been traced. Stephen Wellman, the soldier who was killed at Bloody Brook bridge, 18 Sept., 1675, may have been a connection, though not a son of Thomas. The name Stephen occurs in the Lynn- field family in the third and fourth generations in the line of Isaac Wellman. Thomas Wellman made other purchases of land adjoining, and also in the vicinity of his earlier purchases, and at the time of his death possessed a good-sized farm. In 1659 the road from Reading to Salem was laid out, passing his house. In 1660 he was one of those appointed by the Court to estimate the damage caused by the overflow from the millpond of the Iron Works. He died 10 Oct., 1672, in- testate. The inventory of his estate disclosed a total estate of £370- 10-10, with debts of £13. Of the total estate £200 was in land, 180 acres. The dwelling house was valued at £30, the barn at £20. On the 22 Nov., 1672, the widow and children entered into an agreement concerning the estate, those participating being Elizabeth Wellman, " senior," the widow and executrix ; Abraham Wellman, eldest son ; Isaac Wellman, "her younger son"; Elizabeth Wellman, eldest daugh- ter; Sarah Wellman, second daughter; Mary Wellman, youngest daugh- ter. The name of Sarah Wellman, however, does not appear among the signers of the document. 1 Lewis, in History of Lynn, notes his presence in Lynn in 1640. 565 566 APPENDIX IV Children : Abraham, probably born prior to 1645; " perhaps in 1643." Elizabeth, " eldest daughter." Sarah, " second daughter." Isaac, born probably about 1650; "younger son"; married 13 March, 1678-9, Hannah Adams. He was one of the com- pany commanded by Capt. Gardner at the capture of the Narragansett fort in Dec, 1675. His son Stephen, born 6 Sept., 1681, married (intention recorded at Lynn, 27 April, 1706) Abigail Boston of Wells 2 and had several children born in Lynn. Mary, " youngest daughter." Abraham Wellman (Thomas) lived in Lynnfield, on part of the paternal farm. A large elm on the hillside just above Gerry's Cider Mill is said to mark the site of the house. Nearby is an old cellar hole and remains of doorsteps. The house was taken down about 1836. In 1810 James Wellman of Salem, who published a brief gene- alogy of the Wellman family in 1867, when he was eighty-four years of age, visited Miss Sarah Wellman, who then dwelt in the house. According to her statement, her sisters, her father, two uncles, one of whom was Capt. Jacob Wellman, and her grandfather, Abraham Well- man, Jr., were born in this house. As the latter was born in 1673 it is quite possible the house was the home of the original Thomas Well- man. Abraham and Isaac Wellman join in mortgaging land near Bates' meadow in 1686. In 1709, Abraham and his wife Elizabeth granted to their son Abraham f acre of meadow, called Ireson's Hole, bounded by Stone's brook and upland of Isaac Wellman, etc. The same year they granted part of the home farm to their son Abraham, bounded in part by meadow already given by them to their son Thomas Wellman, and westerly on the land of Isaac Wellman, brother to the grantors, etc. They also granted a right of way to the country road over the east side of the farm. In 1730 the place on which Isaac Wellman had lived was in possession of Josiah Brown, and is described as bounded on land belonging to Thomas and Abraham Wellman. Abraham Wellman made a will 15 March, 1715-6, which was proved 3 Jan., 1718, in which he describes himself as " in old age and weak of 2 Widow Abigail Wellman died 22 Nov., 1768, in her eighty-sixth year. Her husband died 21 Jan., 1767. Jacob Wellman Hewes, who was born in 1778, stated that John Hewes was the son of Prudence Boston. There is reason to suspect that Jacob confounded the maiden name of his grandmother, whom probably he never saw, with the wife of Isaac Wellman. THE WELLMAN FAMILY 567 body." He named his wife, Elizabeth, and his daughters, Abigail, Elizabeth, Mary and Martha, and states that his sons have already had their portions in land. The widow survived until 10 May, 1736. On the 15 June, 1730, the selectmen of Lynn represented that she was blind and non compos mentis. A commission reported, however, that though she was not capable of " managing anything for her subsistence we cannot say she is distracted." She was the daughter of John Cogswell of Ipswich, as shown in the account of the Cogswell an- cestral line. Children : Thomas, born 11 Oct., 1669; married 6 Jan., 1696-7, at Read- ing Sarah Brown of that town. Elizabeth, born 16 Feb., 1670-1; died 1673. Abraham, born 25 Nov., 1673; of whom below. John, born 10 May, 1676; living 1769. Elizabeth, born 25 July, 1678; married George Lawson and in 1723 was living in Attleboro. Mary, living 1716. Martha, living, unmarried, in Attleboro in 1723. Abigail, living in 1716. Abraham Wellman (Abraham, Thomas) of Lynnfield, born 25 Nov., 1673; died intestate. He married Elizabeth Taylor, 3 their intention of marriage being entered at Lynn 2 Nov., 1717- She was the mother of the children given below. No record of her death ap- pears, unless by chance she was that Elizabeth who died in 1736. Abraham perhaps married again, in 1758, Abigail Ranger. He lived in the Wellman house, torn down about 1836. In 1723 he purchased of his sisters, Elizabeth, wife of George Lawson, and Martha Well- man, both of Attleboro, 4 and from his brother Thomas Wellman of Lynn all their share in the real estate of their father Abraham, de- ceased. He had previously purchased other land of Thomas (1716). Children : Abraham, born 1718; died aged 55 years; married 31 Oct., 1765, Mrs. Mehitable Go wing. Their daughter Sarah, born 1777, died 1823, was living in the old house in 1810. Martha, born 1724-5; married '30 Sept., 1754, Jeremiah Brown of Reading. Jacob, born 24 April, 1720; of whom below. James, born 10 May, 1723; died 18 Dec, 1808; married 8 3 She probably was of Reading. * Their cousin Jacob Wellman also removed to Attleboro. 568 APPENDIX IV Nov., 1750, Sarah Barnard. He graduated at Harvard in 1744 and was minister at Sutton, Mass., and Cornish, N. H. Jacob Wellman (Abraham, Abraham, Thomas), born 24 April, 1720, in Lynnfield, removed to Lyndeboro, N. H. His intention to marry with " Jenne Johnson, a Scotchman," was entered 9 Jan., 1742-3. Children : Jacob (Captain), born 13 May, 1746, at Dunstable, Mass.; died 20 April, 1834, at Lempster, N. H. He responded to the alarm of 19 April, 1775; was present at the battle of Bunker Hill and was wounded on that occasion. He left descendants. James, born 1747, at Lyndeboro; died in the army during the Revolution. Anna, born 28 March, 1748, at Litchfield, N. H.; married 19 April, 1775, John Hewes. See page 142. Abraham, born at Lyndeboro; died about 1825; married Re- becca Parsons. He served in the army during the Revo- lution. John, died about 1825; married Ann Thissell. He served in the Revolution. Elizabeth, married Joseph Robeson. COGSWELL FAMILY The early history of the Cogswells of Westbury Leigh, Wiltshire, England, is as yet unknown. 5 From parish registers and testamentary evidences the descent of Elizabeth, wife of Abraham Wellman, is proved from Robert Cogswell of Westbury Leigh, a clothier in a large way of business, who was buried 7 June, 1581, leaving a widow Alicia, the mother of his children, who was buried 1 August, 1603. Robert Cogs- well left a will dated 1 June, and proved 14 July, 1581. Edward Cogswell (Robert), married Alice. He succeeded his father. His will dated 23 June, was proved 12 Jan., 1615-6. The will of his widow Alice was dated 25 June, 1615, and was proved 11 [May, 1616. John Cogswell (Edward, Robert) married 10 September, 1615, Elizabeth Thompson, daughter of Rev. William Thompson, the vicar of Westbury, by Phillis his wife. Mr. Thompson died in 1623. His wife Phillis was buried 19 July, 1608. Their daughter Elizabeth, who married John Cogswell, was baptized in 1604. John Cogswell in- herited the woolen manufacturing business of his father, and had a good estate in England, which he disposed of in 1635, preparatory to emi- gration to New England. With his large family, he sailed from Bris- tol on the Angel Gabriel, 23 May, 1635. Off Pemaquid on the Maine coast the vessel, after experiencing a terrible storm, was wrecked, and many of the company lost their lives. The Cogswells reached shore with the wreckage, and eventually succeeded in reaching Ipswich, their destination. The goods on the Angel Gabriel, estimated at a value of ,£5000, were a total loss. John Cogswell was welcomed to Ipswich, and liberally treated in the way of a land grant. On the records he is styled " Mr.," evidence of the social position held by his family. He died 29 Nov., 1669, aged 77 years. His wife died 2 June, 1676. She was sister of Rev. Samuel Thompson, D. D., of London, whose son William lived with his uncle and aunt for many years in Ipswich. John Cogswell was admitted a freeman 3 March, 1636. His son, John Cogswell, Jr. (John, Edward, Robert), was born in 1622, and died 27 Sept., 1653, on the homeward voyage from England, whither he had gone the preceding year, after the death of his wife, whose name has not been recovered. 5 See " The Cogswells in America," by E. D. Jameson. 569 570 APPENDIX IV Children : Elizabeth, born 1648; died 10 May, 1736. She was brought up by her grandparents, and 3 June, 1676, gave receipt as having had of her grandmother, a gold ring, a suit of child- bed linen and thin laced hand cuffs. She married Abraham Wellman of Lynn. John, born 1650; married Margaret Gifford, and died in 1724. Samuel, born 1651; married Susanna Haven. APPENDIX V THE LAST SPIKE* Thomas Hill's painting, " The Last Spike," is intended to com- memorate a splendid achievement of engineering science, and a mem- orable event of history. It vividly illustrates the last act in the build- ing of the Overland Railroad, "which, in the face of natural and finan- cial difficulties thought insurmountable, was thrown across a continent, connecting tw T o oceans by a thread of steel, and uniting a great nation to what had hitherto been a remote dependency. * * * The first gold-hunters went as into an exile which they never dreamed of prolonging beyond a day fixed for return. Their homes were still somewhere near the rising sun, and there intervened pathless deserts, and mountains that pierced the clouds. Faint echoes of the world scarcely reached them. They formed a narrow ribbon of civilization on the western border of the great continent. To the west of them expanded an almost unexplored ocean. Two thousand miles of distance separated them from the Missouri river — a thousand miles of sand and sagebrush, useless except to hold the world together, and a thou- sand miles more of unreclaimed wilderness ribbed by two lofty moun- tain ranges. Central Asia was hardly farther from New York as regarded space and means of transport. The Argonauts of '49 came either in slow sailing vessels around Cape Horn, or by those cumbrous " ships of the desert," that crept at a snail's pace across the Plains. Both routes represented from four to six months' weary and dangerous travel. In June, 1819, the sea-passage was shortened to thirty days by the establishment of a line of steamers from New York to San Francisco by way of the Isthmus of Panama. For awhile this line confined itself to a monthly service of mails and passengers, shortly increased to semi-monthly, by increased travel and traffic. And still San Francisco was thirty days from New York! In thirty days, by improved means of conveyance, a traveler could complete half the cir- cuit of the world. * * * The interval of two barren weeks between the steamers made the arrival of each an event in the annals of San Francisco. Its approach was heralded by signals from hill-top to hill-top. The hill-sides were lined with spectators as it entered the Golden Gate, and when it reached its wharf, three-fourths of the entire population of the city were there in eager waiting. Never was a post-office so beset by ex- * Excerpts from " The Last Spike," a painting by Thomas Hill, illustrating the last scene in the building of the Overland Railroad, with a history of the enterprise. San Francisco, January, 1881. 571 572 APPENDIX V iled fathers, husbands, and brothers, as that beside the little block of green called Portsmouth Square, whose business it was to receive and distribute the messages from Eastern homes. There was a line of anxious men stretching further than eye could reach, places of prece- dence in which were held at a king's ransom. The steamer seemed the single bond that held the gold hunters to their homes. In the days of waiting, the links severed only to be welded again when the next appeared. This state of isolation continued for eight years, or until the establishment of the overland stage line, whose time from the Missouri was thirty days, but whose daily mail service made it seem like a veritable annihilation of space and time. The trip by stage through the wildernesses of Nebraska and Wyoming, Utah and Nevada, had some of the romance of danger, and not a little real peril from flood, precipice, and Indians, who were still sovereigns of the mid- continent. A little later came the Pony Express, the enterprise of a wealthy company, whose method was that of couriers, mounted on fleet horses, relieved at regular stations by new relays and fresh riders. It was the longest courier service ever known, and attended with as much hazard from savages, and scarcely less barbarous highwaymen, as if it were war-time and the route lay through a hostile country thickly beleaguered by flying outposts of the enemy. Its time was ten days from the Missouri river, and its lowest price for postal service five dollars. All these efforts to shorten time and abbreviate routes between California and the Atlantic States were the outgrowth of characteristic American enterprise, and made in the face of numerous risks and hardships. * * * It still required a month of time to reach San Francisco either from New York by the ocean, or across the plains from the Missouri. In a month, wars might begin and end, kings be driven from their thrones, and nations annihilated. California was defenseless if attacked by a foreign enemy. Her forts might be demolished, and her territory occupied before troops could reach her, or munitions of war come by the Isthmus, the only possible route for bodies of men or quantities of war material. * * * This was the situation in 1860 when the war of the rebellion began, and the threat of secession by friends of the South on the Pacific coast, quickened the sense of danger in the country at large, without making more than a few thoughtful men conscious of the only remedy. That remedy was the uniting of the two shores of the continent by a railroad. ... It is not known from whom the first suggestion came. It prob- ably occurred to many of those who in early times toiled through the great American desert by the law of mental association that brings vis- ions of green groves and sparkling fountains to the brain of the thirsty traveler in Sahara. How pleasant to the imagination of these voy- ' mm r. THE LAST SPIKE 573 agers must have been the vision of the lightning train, which brought a hundred of their day's journeys within the limits of twenty- four hours ! * * * The time demanded not only men, but the man, and found him in the person of Leland Stanford of California, without whose calm forethought the overland railroad would never have been begun, and without whose intellectual force and untiring physical energy it would never have been completed. He was then living at Sacramento. He saw the future of the Pacific coast, appreciated the need of the road, and associated with him a few energetic business men who afterwards formed the Central Pacific Raliroad Company. * * * A reconnoissance of routes had already been made by Mr. Theodore D. Judah, who had vainly endeavored to interest the people of San Francisco in the project. He chanced to be then in Sacramento, and having been introduced to Mr. Stanford by Mr. James Bailey, was asked to be present at the meetings in whose discussions Mr. Charles Crocker had now begun to participate. As the result of many con- ferences Mr. Judah was sent to make a more thorough examination of the Sierra, money to defray his expenses having been contributed by the few gentlemen interested. He fixed upon the route which forms part of the present line. It was approved by the little group of pro- jectors at Sacramento, and a bill was drafted in their office, which formed the basis of that afterwards passed by Congress. While these preliminaries were in progress, the crisis had come which at once fur- nished to the country the impelling motive for building the road, and at the same time impaired its ability to accomplish so vast an under- taking. The original incorporators and Board of Directors at this time included Leland Stanford, C. P. Huntington, Mark Hopkins, Charles Crocker, E. B. Crocker, A. P. Stanford, and Charles Marsh, Mr. Stanford being President, Mr. Huntington Vice-President, and Mr. Hopkins Treasurer. TAKING LEGISLATIVE FORM. The legislation which resulted in the construction of the Pacific Railroad was passed after much hard personal effort, and anxious di- plomacy, at the second session of the Forty-second Congress, 1861-2, and was largely due to the exertions of Hon. A. A. Sargent, member of the House of Representatives from California, who was inspired not only with patriotism, and regard for the interests of his State, but with implicit confidence in the skill and enterprise of those who had undertaken to build the western half of it, which included the engineering difficulties of the Sierra Nevada mountains. There were many reasons why the time chosen to begin the work was unpropitious. 574 APPENDIX V The fate of the Union was being decided on the battle field, the treas- ury was subjected to an enormous strain, and the attention of Congress was engrossed by the work of constructing new systems of finance and taxation to meet a terrible emergency. On the other hand, the moment had its advantages. The author of the successful measure forcibly urged that the secession of the South and the danger of Cali- fornia proved the road to be a military necessity to bind together the two coasts of the continent; the new habit of great expenditure ren- dered less startling the amount required to build it, and the absence of Southern Representatives from the halls of Congress prevented a seri- ous contest in respect to competitive routes. The bill that finally became a law was introduced into the House of Representatives by Mr. Sargent on the fourth of March, 1862, and referred to the Pacific Railroad Committee, by whom it was promptly considered and reported on ten days later, and made a special order for March twenty-fifth. Its consideration was not reached, however, until April eighth, when it was sent to the committee of the whole. * * * The bill became a law by the signature of Mr. Lincoln on the first of July, 1862. By this law numerous persons, with five Commissioners to be afterwards appointed by the Secretary of the Interior, were cre- ated a corporation, called the Union Pacific Railroad Company. To this corporation right of way was given for a railroad from the Mis- souri river to the navigable waters of the Pacific ocean, with five alter- nate sections of land on either side of the line. United States six per cent, currency bonds to the amount of sixteen thousand dollars to the mile, were to issue to the company, which aid was doubled and trebled for certain difficult and mountainous portions of the route. These bonds were made a first-mortgage lien on the road. The Central Pa- cific Railroad Company, a California corporation, had a similar grant, with leave to commence at the Pacific end, each company to build toward a common point, that point to be relatively east or west in mid- continent, according to the means, skill, and enterprise of the rival corporations. * * * In 186 1 Congress modified the Act empowering the companies, by doubling the land-giant, authorizing them to issue their own bonds to the extent "f the Government subsidy, and subordinating the lien of its own bonds to the bonds of the company. Under this generous legis- lation, which was not further changed, the two companies began and completed the Pacific railroads. * * * Senator Wilson said, in speaking to the bill. "I give no grudging vote in giving away either money or land. I would sink $100,000,000 I,, build thr road, and do it most cheerfully, and think tli.it I had done a gnat thin- lor my country. What, indeed, .ire $100,000,000 in opening a railroad across the central regions of the continent that shall M Ph H < ia o > l-H PS c B < PS H PS c c H s w p x'G — ■7 — u.M^fc.^t:^. .jo . -KG . .K « 5s q§ ..si.. OqSHcs Qwtx W2;Q73< O fe -Wg« h^^GO O03 tr]73r-^ H • -® 73- Union Pacific Railroad. John Duff, J Sir: We have the honor to report that the last rail is laid, the last spike is driven. The Pacific Railroad is finished. Leland Stanford, President C. P. R. R. Co. of California. T. P. Durant, Vice-President U. P. R. R. Co. 580 APPENDIX V After these ceremonies, which were interspersed with cheers for the national government, the rival railroad presidents, the "old flag," and the laborers, the locomotives of the two roads moved up head to head, and libations of wine were poured upon the track. In painting his picture, Mr. Hill has selected the situation of dep- est and most serious feeling, that at the moment when the officiating clergyman was just finishing his prayer, and the electricians were about connecting the golden spike with the trans-continental telegraph line. The view is eastward, along the track of the Union Pacific Railroad, toward the horizon, bounded by the snowy summit of the Wasatch moun- tains. The massive figure of Governor Stanford, leaning upon his hammer, arrests the eye, which, after a moment's pause, passes beyond him to the locomotive, half hidden by figures, and then on into the plains, covered with sagebrush, and suffused with the warm light of an almost cloudless afternoon. There are about four hundred figures on the canvas, seventy of which are portraits. These are placed in posi- tions pre-arranged, and not easily varied. It was essential that they should be grouped according to official prominence, and rules of sub- ordination, based on their relative importance to the enterprise. The subject forbade wide scope of incident. There are introduced, how- ever, some well-known characters of the Plains, and a few incidents indicating the contrast between the old life and the incoming civiliza- tion. At the left is seen a stage-coach, old-fashioned, effete, its oc- cupation gone, its slow courses shamed by the swift wheels of the fly- ing locomotive. Beyond are a few wagons such as had at that time found their way into the desert, a wagon-train that had left the Mis- souri months before, and a race in progress with mustangs, in whose riders the gambling instinct was stronger than matters of national con- cern. Other incidents are a strap-game, poker-playing on a barrel- head, one or two saloons improvised for the occasion, a few Indians in their native dress, a few venders of cigars, a company of soldiers that chanced to be present, all of which features help to give variety of detail, to enrich and harmonize the colors, and to relieve the more for- mal groupings. Minor groups are arranged in pyramids, which fall into curves and semi-circles leading up to the cluster of important personages that surround the commanding central figure. Kneeling at the feet of Governor Stanford is F. L. Vandenburg, the chief elec- trician of the occasion, who is adjusting the wire which leads off through the crowd to the telegraph pole on the right. At his left is J. H. Strowbridge, general superintendent of the work of construc- tion. The chief men of the Central Pacific railroad, C. P. Hunting- ton, Mark Hopkins, E. B. Crocker, Charles Crocker, T. D. Judah, are THOMAS HILL THE LAST SPIKE 581 all represented in characteristic attitudes, and with features accurately portrayed. Near Governor Stanford are the President and Directors of the Union Pacific, Oakes Ames, Sidney Dillon, Dr. Durant, and John Duff. Hon. A. A. Sargent, who played so important and honor- able a part in the legislation that made the building of the road possi- ble, is shown by an admirable portrait at the right. Behind him is Hon. T. G. Phelps, his colleague in Congress while the Pacific Rail- road legislation was taking shape, and its friend throughout. In the same part of the canvas are S. S. Montague, Chief Engineer of the Central Pacific; Colonel George E. Gray, Consulting Engineer; the two assistant engineers, L. M. Clement and Charles Cadwalader; Judge S. W. Sanderson, at present chief legal adviser of the road; B. B. Redding of the Land Department; A. K. P. Safford, then Governor of Arizona; and Hon. Milton S. Latham, United States Senator from California when the road was begun, and at all times its warm friend. Elsewhere can be found William Sherman, James W. Haynes and F. A. Tritle, United States Pacific Railroad Commissioners; John Corning, Division Superintendent, afterwards Assistant General Superintendent, and E. H. Miller, Jr., Secretary of the Central Pacific Railroad Com- pany; Robert Robinson, Counsel for the Company; Arthur Brown, Superintendent of Bridges and Buildings; E. Black Ryan, Private Secretary of Governor Stanford; Charles Marsh, one of the original incorporators; Edgar Mills, Master of Ceremonies; Dr. H. W. Hark- ness, of Sacramento; Dr. J. B. D. Stillman, of San Francisco; A. P. Stanford, brother of Governor Stanford; J. R. Watson, Conductor of the first passenger train on the Central Pacific; Benjamin Welch, Master Builder of the Sacramento Car Works; Stephen T. Gage, of the Chief Executive Department of the Central Pacific; John Case- ment, Contractor of the Central Pacific, and David Hewes. The ladies are Mrs. Strowbridge, Mrs. Ryan, and the wives of officers command- ing troops in the vicinity, who were all present, helping to give the scene an air of refinement, and adding to the canvas a picturesque quality. The Wasatch Mountains are five or six miles distant. They trend away to the north, diminishing in height till they become a low range of blue hills bounding the grayish-green expanse of plains. The foreground is filled with warm light, lending to the pile of ties, the keg of spikes, the grading implements, and even to the fresh earth, a mellow radiance that raises them above the commonplace, and invests them with a portion of the interest attaching to a scene in which they had played no unimportant part. Note. — Thomas Hill was born September 11th, 1829, in Birmingham, Eng- land, and died June 30th, 1908, at Raymond, California. His family came to America in 1840 and settled at Taunton, Mass. His talent developed very early in life, and he commenced as many great painters have done, with orna- 582 APPENDIX V mental work. His first pictures were painted in Boston, though nothing worthy of mention was painted till about 1853, when he had settled in Philadelphia. He was then a member of the old Graphic Club and also of the Academy, and studied in the Life Class of which Rothermel was president. He took the first medal in Baltimore at the Maryland Institute in 1853. In 1861, being in poor health, he moved to California and opened a studio as a portrait painter, occasionally doing some figure work, notably the trial scene in the " Merchant of Venice," which was awarded the first prize in the Art Union of San Fran- cisco in 1865. Mr. Hill went to Paris in 1866 and studied with Paul Meyerheim, who was so much impressed by his painting of the Forest of Fontainebleau that he advised the Californian to take up landscape painting as his life work. Mr. Hill opened a studio in Boston in 1867, and there painted his splendid picture of the " Yosemite Valley," which was bought by the late Charles Crocker of San Francisco. His next important work was the "White Mountain Notch," bought by Mr. Hamlin of Boston. He was very successful in the East, but his health again failed and he returned to Cali- fornia, where he rapidly regained his strength. At the Centennial exhibition at Philadelphia, in 1876, Mr. Hill was awarded the first medal for landscape painting, the subjects being " Donner Lake" and "Yosemite Valley." These were purchased by the late Leland Stanford. One of his best works, entitled "The Great Canvon of the Sierras," for which he received the New York Palette Club medal, is in the gallery of Mrs. E. B. Crocker at Sacramento. The " Heart of the Sierras," another magnificent picture by Mr. Hill, was purchased by E. J. Baldwin. Later pictures are: "The Driving of The Last Spike," " The Grand Canyon of the Colorado," and the " Muir Glacier." Mr. Hill received thirty-one medals. Although a tireless worker he was devoted to his family. Because of his health he spent most of his time in the Yosemite Valley and at Wawona in Mariposa County, California. [The information above printed was derived from a sketch of Thomas Hill, copyright, 1910, by Robert R. Hill.] APPENDIX VI THE DAVID HEWES BUILDING THE DAVID HEWES BUILDING The telegram sent by Mr. Hewes after the great San Francisco fire of 1906, referred to on page 264 — a message so character- istic of his indomitable energy and optimistic spirit, was brought to its fullest realization in the erection of the David Hewes Build- ing, on the site of the older building, at Sixth and Market Streets, the first of the thoroughly fireproof, modern skyscrapers, and one of the best, to rise from the ashes. The location, at Sixth and Market Streets, at the intersection of Taylor Street and Golden Gate Avenue, makes the site par- ticularly desirable, and being in direct line of travel from all parts of the city, and in the immediate vicinity of such prominent buildings as the great modern department store of Hale Bros., the new Post Office, the U. S. Mint, the City Hall, the Hibernian Bank, the James Flood Building, the Emporium, etc., immedi- ately established for its tenancy a clientel in keeping with the character of the building. The construction is the best that modern architecture and engineering skill could devise, both as to fire and earthquake protection. The finish is in keeping with the construction, white enameled terra cotta being used for the exterior, and marble, mosaic and bronze predominating as materials for the interior finish. The arrangement is such as to make practically all the offices outside rooms with an abundance of sunshine, and those in the upper stories have also a particularly fine and unobstructed view of the beautiful harbor to the east, and of the surrounding sub- urbs and streets facing the Golden Gate park to the west. All modern appliances are provided for the comfort of the tenants : offices being equipped with electric lights, gas, scientific plumbing, steam heat and ventilation. Lavatories with hot and cold water and coat and hat cabinets are found in each office. Fire and burglar proof safes may be arranged for as desired. The janitor service is complete, including the modem vacuum system of cleaning. The elevator service is of the best. In everything pertaining to the building, the convenience of the ten- ant and the artistic appearance in conjunction with utilities are found in harmony. 585 f^a DAVID HEWES BUILDING Main Entrance. DAVID HEWES BUILDING Steel Skeleton. DAVID HEWES BUILDING DAVID HEWES BUILDING , Sic cqhd ,-StoryPl a n DAVID HEAVES BUILDING £ ■n DAVID HEWES BUILDING g '•: Typical ■ 2 Fourth re Fourteenth IncL. DAVID HEAVES BUILDING sm:::jxr As&t: SKi&GHrADCXS j.¥j;:/7.vr A5cn 'SN77KG i sgjo J: f l*j-iJ.\ J. ^O: I) WII) HEWES BUILDING fiy * «^-V' 7* __•>,< n ■ '•' DAVID HEWES BUILDING tfiartfi o»d Market Streets, San Francisco JUdm, «/ »'* . J ■ ■Pfcone international ^/Association of. Bridge and Structural Iron Olorkcrs -«B»v ->> Xocal 'Union, Ho. 3 1 /«. jbams cccscu a> c s sn ':■■ MUWH OF lIFOfim* MO ON #C8K!R$ 6 an zfransfsco, fa/., Marat, 11th 191* I 1 . -. : . : p] ■ .:.. •' .. "• BI '"E/ x , David H< /• b Bldg., Deur Sir: the ^c-ifr In regai onal Aeto al oonstr I will 10 ti n > >ur in-TJlry, about a ion of Pri lg( ":V Str w on of the DavLd Hevtes B resolution passed bural Ir^n " v rfrf rs, ii] Li .-•. by the af to 1 v - ] having .. . Baoh ol the extra hea r; bulU .: Solomni and ill neces- r field be '.:, thr 3 j -r out . at S Ing 1 1 | }'iu.r.c proof. And we o'.'. other Btruoture bee-: truth! illy t'iy, that ap leelgned w built, that to this elate! there is -.c f • lal the David Henea Bl .'. Yours truly. f /*- 9 Otdru Bub I less I. A. B. ! '. •,,• -V. %JL -r< & ^lu Lo?h1 Ho. '! supt. of St Cl "!on< :' '- \ <- * tr ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA VIRGINIA (See also pages 468, 469.) There has recently appeared "Early Virginia Immigrants, 1623- 1666," a copy, alphabetically arranged, by Mr. George C. Greer of the State Land Office, of the lists of " Head Rights." About 25,000 names were secured by Mr. Greer from the records. Head Rights were the right to take up a certain amount of land for each person whose transportation was paid by the person claiming the head right. The early lists are presumably fairly correct, but during later years it seems to have become almost a custom to file either false lists or du- plications of former lists. Thus there are many fraudulent entries, and many entries which cannot be relied upon to show the actual place of residence of the person whose name appears. As these lists have an undoubted value, the names of all persons bearing the name Hewes, Hughes, Huse, Hues, found in Mr. Greer's book, are printed below. Transportation Plantation in Name of Emigrant claimed by county of 1650 1642 James Williamson John Garret Upper New Norfolk 1639 John Pawlev Janus City Christopher Hughes . . . 1650 Anthonv Elvot Christopher Huehes . . . 1653 William Gautlett David Hues 1 65 1 Francis and John Smith Westmoreland Elizaheth Hughes 1651 Arthur Price York Elizabeth Hewes 1653 S. Gaskins Lower Norfolk Elizabeth Hughs 1653 James Johnson Nansemond Elizabeth Hues 1653 John Rovser Northumberland Elizabeth Hues 1654 John Rosver, clerk Francis Hues 1649 1650 1646 Thomas Dale John Rosier Sir William Berklev Francis Hues Northumberland Jefferv Hughes 1655 John Jenkins Northumberland James Hewes 1652 Christopher Robinson John Sturdivant Henrico John Hues 1638 1647 1648 1650 1653 Edmund Scarburgh Richard Stearnell Philip Bennet John Hallawes Richard Well Accomac John Hues Ixiwer Norfolk John Huse Nansemond John Hughes Northumberland Northumberland John Hues 1653 1654 Francis Emperor et ah. Thomas Morecock Lower Norfolk Jonathan Hewes James City Katherine Huse 1652 Peter Knight Gloucester Mangeby Huges 1651 William Taylor Northumberland 599 600 VIRGINIA Transportation claimed by Plantation in Name of Emigrant county of Mary Huse 1651 1637 William Barber Arthur Smith York Isle of Wight 1637 Oliver Sprege John Robins New Norfolk 1638 James City Richard Hughes 1639 Thomas Symons James City 1642 Cornelius de Hull 1642 1643 John Pratt Thomas Symonds Henrico Richard Hughes 1650 1653 Nicholas Perkins Francis Jordan Henrico Surrey Richard Hewes 1653 John Knott 1653 Alexander Addison 1642 Bartholomew Knipe 1642 John Benton Thomas Hughes 1643 Richard Richards Charles River Thomas Hues 1650 Thomas Mulford Nansemond Thomas Hewes 1652 Thomas Steevens Lancaster Thomas Husyhes 1652 Thomas Todd Thomas Hughes 1654 Humphrey Haggett Lancaster Yillemille Hughes 1653 Joseph Croshawe York William Hewe 1645 John Rode Warwick William Hewes 1646 Samuel Abbott Nansemond William Hughes 1651 Rowland Burnham William Hughes 1654 John Wvre et als. UNITED STATES CENSUS OF AUGUST, 1790 The pension schedules have been published by Government, and are obtainable from the Public Printing Office, Washington, D. C, if not accessible in the public libraries. Hence it is not deemed necessary to reprint the schedules. Altogether there were 407 heads of families enumerated who bore the name Hewes, Hewe, Hews, Hues, Hugh, Hughes, Heugh, Hughs, Huse. These 407 families comprised 1955 individuals, and were dis- tributed as follows: Maine 4, New Hampshire 19, Massachusetts 26, Vermont 3, Rhode Island 2, Connecticut 7, New York 14, Pennsylvania 86, Maryland 48, Virginia 85, North Carolina 57, South Carolina 56. The spelling Hughes prevailed in the Middle and Southern States, Hewes and Huse in the Northern States. The schedules are incom- plete for some of the states, and many families, especially in the re- mote and pioneer settlements, escaped enumeration. ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA 601 See pp. 9, 10, 11. Hewes of Chelmsford, Essex, England. The register of Chelmsford shows the following marriages: Hugh Crabtree and Joan Jones, 28 Feb., 1595. Michael Blakeley and Margaret Hews, 24 Jan., 1602. Hugh Crabtree and Mary Tue, 8 June, 1602. George Hewes and Ann Barrett, 6 Nov., 1603. John Prentis and Ann Hewes. 1 July, 1606. Richard Foote and Judith Harvye, 5 April, 1619. William Hewes, widower, glover, and Marie Crosbie alias Crabtre, widow, 26 April, 1619. Thomas Hewes, widower, of Colsham, and Tace Jegons, by license, 6 Sept., 1627- The years 1638-1619 are missing. Chelmsford is about twelve miles south of Shalford. John Hewes of Royston nominated his brother Thomas Hewes as one of the over- seers of his will. George Hewes of Salisbury, Mass., supposed to have been a kinsman of Lt. Joshua Hewes, was certainly many years his junior. It is quite possible that the Thomas and George Hewes of the above record were brothers. The registers have not been searched for mention of their children. Lt. Joshua Hewes married, as his second wife, Alice, widow of John Crabtree. The Rev. Thomas Hooker sup- posed to have been a fellow passenger with Lt. Joshua Hewes, had been settled at Chelmsford. His daughter Sarah was baptized at Chelms- ford 9 April, 1628 and was buried there the following year. Terlings, Essex, the home of Rev. Thomas Welde of Roxbury, was within a few miles of Chelmsford, and persons of the name were living at Chelmsford. Page 335. George Robert Twelve Hewes. Two of the missing names of the fifteen children of George R. T. Hewes are supplied by Mrs. George P. Bailey of Philadelphia. Mrs. Bailey writes: "I am Mary Birkinhead Bailey, daughter of John and Sybil (Hewes) Birkinhead of Mansfield, Mass. My mother, Sybil Hewes, was the daughter of Walter and Olive (Fuller) Hewes of Harrisville, N. Y. Walter was the son of George Robert Twelve Hewes, my great grandfather, who had fifteen children, but of whom I find the names of nine only, viz., Solomon, Robert, Elizabeth, Polly, George R. T., Shubael, Asa and Daniel. Among the other six I expect is the name of my grandfather but I cannot find his name in the vital records I have seen. My mother was born in 1838. I think she was the youngest of twelve children. In 1860 she married my father, John Birkinhead, which much displeased her people because 602 ADDENDA ET CORRIGENDA he was an Englishman. After that she mingled with her people but very little. I knew only one aunt, Roxana Mattroon of Oswego, N. Y., and my grandmother Hewes, who often visited our home when I was a girl. My mother died in 1904. I have only my memory to help me in this matter. I have heard my mother speak of a brother William, a carpenter, who went to Cleveland, O., before she was born, brothers and sisters George, Ira, Shubael, Dewane, Mary, Helen, Roxana, Sybil." The names added to our list of children by the information given by Mrs. Bailey, are Asa and Walter. Page 137. Nathaniel Hewes. According to the History of Strafford. Vt., in Orange County Ga- zeteer, Nathaniel Hewes married Sarah Freeman. Their son Moody Hewes married Susan Hurlburt by whom he had Nathaniel, of Thomp- sonville, Conn., Newton, of the same place, and Norman of Lebanon. Moody married, second, Lydia Chapin, and had Frank, d. y., Freeman Stark, born 1835 at Lyme, and Susan L. Freeman S. Hewes was a farmer and millwright. He married Roxanna, daughter of Hazen Carr of Orford, N. H., and had William W. and Frank W. The family removed from Orford, N. H., to Strafford, Vt., in 1861. CORRECTIONS: Page 1 1 , twelfth line : Roysdon should read Royston. Page 86, last line but one; Thomas Dewer should read Thomas Davis. Page 91, second line; Roysdon should read Royston. Page 95, first line; Joshua Dolbear should read Joseph Dolbear. Page 108, foot note: A child of Joseph Huse was buried in Boston, 19 Jan., 1709-10. Deborah Hewes died in Boston, 30 July, 1733, aged 25 years. Page 141, ninth line; Strubridge should read Sturbridge. Page 151, No. 15; Lydia Hawes should read Lydia Hawkes. Page 231, last line, foot note: blank paper should be bank paper. Page 355, No. 160. Alice, Arthur, Sadie Jewell, should read Alice, Arthur, Sadie Sandborn. Page 131. The second and third lines should be transposed. Page 545, chapter title; the name Ruth should read Ruthe. Pages 547, 548; in the ancestral lines in italics insert the name Gilbert before Stephen. Page 547, sixteenth line: The year of marriage of Joseph Tapley and Margaret Masury should read 1712. INDEX INDEX Places are not indexed except when the residence of a Hewes, Hughes family, or some historical fact is stated. For place names see also under the state in which located. See also page 655. Abar, Rev. E. J., 217, 218 Abbot, J., 449 Abbott Female Seminary, 228 Abbott, Alexander H., 189 Alice B., 189 August, 526 Betsy, 186 Capen, 189 Carl H., 214 Ebenezer, 186 Ebenezer T., 151, 152, 186, 525, 535 Ethel W., 189 Florence, 213 Granville S., 186, 213, 214, 215, 255, 257, 261 George, 186 George W., 189 Hannah, 269 Henrietta J., 189 Hortense S., 188 Lucretia, 189 Mary, 151 Milicent B., 189 Pauline, 211. Philip F., 214 Ruthe, 186, 214, 525, 526, 531, 539 Samuel, 586 Sarah, 547 Sarah H., 213, 215, 217 T. Grafton, 189 Thomas, 211 Abercrombie, Gen., 145, 146 James, 459 Aborn, 163 Adams, C. F., 49 Hannah, 565 Jesse, 504 John, 197, 300 John Q., 339 Jonas P., 469 Mary, 416 Mathew, 319 Nathaniel, 416 Sarah, 504 Adamson, Cordelia F., 334 Emma R., 334 Adamson, Jane G., 333 John, 333 Mary, 334 Rebecca, 333 Robert, 333, 334 Addington, 75 Addison, Alexander, 586 Affleck, Gilbert, 416 Ainsworth, Capt., 244 Alabama, 168, 504 526, Catawba, 360 Coosa Co., 485 Green Co., 491 Mobile, 502 253, Shelby Co., 484 Albany Female Academy, 507 Female Hospital, 513 Orphan Asylum, 513 Alcock, 30, 474 Constance, 92 George, 25 John, 76, 80, 92, 105 Alden, Alma P., 617 John, 367 Aldrich, Julia A. F., 369 Nathan, 344 532, Alexander, John, 470 Alfred the Great, 553, 554 Allen, 168 Capt., 56 Judge, 212 Rev., 519 Abraham, 417 Ann, 312 Benjamin, 312 Bozoon, 93 Elizabeth, 420, 454 Elizabeth D., 224 Ethelind F., 177 Eunice, 402 F. W., 207 Florence E., 177 Frank H., 177 Frederick, 224 Frederick W., 224 Gordon H., 224 Henry, 420 James, 93 605 606 INDEX Allen, Jeremiah, 312 Joseph, 312 Lawrence W., 224. Mary, 312 Myrtle, 177 Maynard C, 177 Nathaniel, 270, 271, 273, 276, 277, 278, 279, 295 Rebecca, 561 Richard, 312 Sarah, 271, 273, 278 William, 312, 400, 401, 561 Allerton, Isaac, 420 Remember, 420 Alline, Rebecca, 87 Ailing, Mary, 434 Allyn, John, 83 Alvord, Mary E., 517 America, privateer, 385 American Revolution, 280, 282, 286, 291, 298; events of, 303-309, 340, 491. See Pension declarations; also Joseph Hewes, the "signer." Ames, Hustis, 344 Oakes, 577, 581 Sally, 344 Amherst, Gen. J., 145 Amorage, George, 238 Amy, John, 72 Anderson, Allen, 398 John, 474 Rev. W. C., 243 Andrews, James, 450 John, 403 ' Susan, 354 Thomas, 15 Andre, Major John, 347 Andros, Gov., 312 Angel, Lt., 341 Israel, 453 Angier, Edmund, 48 Samson, 450 Sarah, 450 Anthony, James, 236 Antigua, 417, 418 Appleton, Daniel, 456 Martha, 224 Nathaniel, 117, 332 Rachel, 117, 332 Aquidnessett (Wickford), 79 Ancient and Honorable Artillery Co., 41 Archer, Lawrence, 118 Sarah, 547 Armed Vessels, Committee on, 1775, 274 Armstrong, Albert, 365 Clarence, 365 Armstrong, Clifford, 365 Frank, 365 Harris, 365 Rosetta, 365 Arnold, Benedict, 136, 140, 390 Jonathan, 327 Joseph A., 331 Armour, A. Watson, 185 Artillery Company, 40, 41 Artillery Co. of London, 41 Ashbury, Bishop, 154 Ashley, Col., 349 Thomas, 428 Ashworth, Elizabeth, 6 Aspinwall, 61 William, 60, 67, 68 Assawanescock, 103 Assistants, 33 Assistants, Court of, 45 Asten, Elizabeth, 383 Atherton Company, 81, 82 Humphrey, 78, 79, 184 Atkins, Elizabeth, 432 Emily, 407 Joshua, 407 Mary, 200 Thomas, 428 Atkinson, James, 500 John, 451 Attbury, William, 73 Atwater, Sarah, 435 Atwood, Herman, 555 John, 555 Sarah, 555 Averhill, Ephraim, 153, 548 Sally, 548 Avery, Helen, 219 Babcock, George, 340 Backer, Rebecca, 128, 131 Bacon, Adelaide J., 359, 366 Robert C, 351, 359 Badger, 446, 527 Bagger, 523 Baglev, Jonathan, 455, 456, 457, 458, "460 Mehitable, 380 Bailey, Capt,, 501 Abigail, 444 Benjamin F., 444 Betsy, 334 G. M., 334 James, 573 Orsamus, 444 Ward, 442, 443, 444, 445 Baker, Alexander, 97 Abigail, 131 Anna, 430 Dorcas, 383 INDEX 607 Baker, Micah, 131 Rosanna, 412, 423 Balcom, Lois, 494 Balden, Capt., 441 Baldwin, Col., 446 Caleb, 139 E. J., 582 Jeduthan, 456 Mabel, 435 Ball, Joseph, 468 Mary, 468 Ballou, Olive, 354 Balser, Francis W., 137 Sarah, 137 Band, Nathaniel, 413 Bancroft, Capt., 519, 524, 527 George, 519, 538 James, 184 John, 147, 184 Rachel, 151 Raham, 184 Ruth, 184 Thomas, 148, 184, 538 Bansford, Martha, 109 Baptists, treatment of, 403 Baptist Female Institute, Indianap- olis, 190, 219 National Sunday School Question- book, 255 Publication Society, 215 Barbadoes, 62, 434 Barber, George, 266 Hannah, 269 William, 586 Bard, Thomas R., 212 Barge, 277 Barker, Dorcas, 383 Edward, 323 Phebe P., 548 Richard, 403 Barnard, John, 556 Marv, 268 Peter, 324 Sarah, 568 Barnes, 214 Hannah, 493 Barnett, Deborah, 108 Barnev, Capt., 341 Barrett, Alice, 189 Ella, 189 John, 478 William, 189 Barricklo, Amy B., 178 Charles B., 'l78 James R., 178 Joseph E., 178 Louise J., 178 Barry, John, 109 Bartholomew, 58 Bartholomew, Henry, 48 William, 77 Bartlett, Franklina C, 193 Lewis, 396 Mary, 396 William S., 193, 259 Barton, Elizabeth, 384 Bass, Elizabeth, 345 Samuel, 406 Batcheldor, John, 227 Bate, Ben j amin, 315 Bates' Brook, Lynnfield, 148 Bathorne, Roger, 422 Wrath, 422 Baudouin, Mary, 418 Baxter, John, 135 Beach, John, 138, 139 Beal, W. L., 127 Beale, G. W., 468 Bealer, Benjamin, 487 Jacob, 487 Bean, Molly, 389 Beardsley, Katherine P., 195 Bedell, Col., 141 Belcher, Andrew, 184 Elizabeth, 184 Bellamy, Samuel, 120 Bell, George, 478 John, 185 Richard, 126 Thomas, 55, 61 Belling, Col., 357 Bellingham, Gov. Richard, 44 Bendall, Freegrace, 78, 87 Bennet, Philip, 585 Bennett, Elizabeth, 563 Henry, 465 Lydia, 404 Richard, 61, 468 Rozina, 465 William, 563 Benton, Rev., 236 J. A., 235 John, 586 Berkley, Sir William, 585 Bermid, George, 166 Berry, 536 Bett, Capt., 436 Bezar, John, 267 Bezer, Edward, 268 Sarah, 268 Bill, Sarah, 108 Billings, Frederick, 244 Library, 244 Billroth, Dr., 253 Billups, Richard, 473 Bingham, J. F., 232 Bingley, 106 Nathaniel, 561 608 INDEX Black, William, 154 Blackborne, William, CO Blackstone (Blaxton), William, 73. Blair, Mrs., 276, 308 George, 278 Helen, 276, 278 Nellie, 275 Peggy, 278 Blanchard, J., 384 Mary A., 404 Miles 404 Rhoda A., 396 Blake, Edward, 465 John, 101, 103 Blanco, Island, 120 Blanter, Rebecca, 481 Blany, W. O., 165 Blav, Hannah, 109, 122, 123, 558, '559 Richard, 100, 109 Bleigh, Nathaniel, 127 Blevins, Lucy, 488 Bleythn ap Cynyn, 262 Bliss, Rebecca, 514 Blizard, Col., 417 Block Is. expedition, 1636, 42 Blount, Ann, 421 Anthony, 423, 424 I. B., 279 Jane, 424 Bloss, Glory T., 212 Henry A., 212 Katherine J., 212 Blue, Capt., 496 Boardman, Clarinda, 358 Emma S., 224 Eugene S., 224 Harold H., 224 Lucy E., 244 Richard, 154 William D., 224 Bocking, Essex, Eng., 10 Bodwell, Abraham, 391 Bethia, 377 Daniel, 459 Henry, 377 John, 382 Ruth, 377 S., 382 Boles, John, 49, 71 Bolton, Mary, 451 Ruth, 451 William, 451 Boulton, Ruth, 451 Bond, Charles, 279 Bonighton, John, 450 Bonum, Elizabeth, 468 Samuel, 468 Boone, Nicholas, 112 Booth, James, 471 Borst, Marion L., 494 Boston, Abigail, 566 Prudence, 566 Bostonian Society, 72 Boston in 1633, 23; church members, 1635, 33; first tavern, 24; fortifi- cations, 25, 35; great fire of 1760, 114; Hanover St., 93; houses to be covered with slate or tile, 105; Long Wharf, 114, 126; Devon- shire St., 127; Oliver's Dock, 114; rebuilding, 1760, 115; records, 50; siege of, 332; school committee, 1765, 114; first shop in, 24, 56; tanyards, 320; tax list, 105; town- house, 71. Massacre, 337 Tea Party, 335, 337, 357 & Lowell" R. R., 526, 529 Neck, 80, 114 Boswell, Capt., 357 Bosworth, Alice, 552 Boulogne, Counts of, 553, 554 Faramus de, 553 Geoffrey de, 553 Sibilla de, 553 William de, 553 Boutineau, Elizabeth, 418 James, 418 Mary, 418 Stephen, 315, 418 Boutwell, Mary, 184 Bowden, 166 Benjamin, 145 Bowdish, Mary, 355 Bowen, Nathaniel, 122, 123, 558 Bowlsly, Eliza, 494 Bowser, Margaret, 6 Robert, 6 Boys' Clubs, 221 Boyer, Daniel, 351 Mary L., 351 Brabant, Dukes of, 554 Brackenbridge, Capt., 118 Brackett, Florence, 213 Joseph G., 214 Susan M., 214 Braden, 431 Bradbury, 311 Bradford, Gov., 400 Moses, 93 Brading, James, 86 Bradstreet, Col., 146 Simon, 52, 69, 98 Bragg, Sophia E., 220 Bramhall, Anna, 430 George, 430 Joshua, 430 Martha, 430 INDEX 609 Brarahall, Samuel, 430 Thankful, 430 Brandon, Col., 486, 491 Brattle, Edward, 556 Mary, 556 Thomas, 99 Bray, Hannah, 402 Nathaniel, 402 Brazen Head tavern, 114 Briand, 520 Brickett, John, 385 Bridgham, Henry, 319, 320, 561 James, 319 John, 319 Joseph, 319 Brier, Rachel, 391, 448 Briggs, James, 478 M. C, (Rev)., 236 W. C. (Rev)., 243 Bright, Abigail, 38 Anna, 38 Beriah, 38 Elizabeth, 38 Henry, 38 John, 38 Mary, 38 Nathaniel, 38 Brimblecom, Samuel, 152 Brimmer, Andrew, 127 Brocas, Matilda, 552 Sir John, 552 Bromsall, John, 416 Brooke, Elizabeth, 11 Margaret, 12 Joane, 12 Brooks, 173 Brousseau, Mary, 465 Browen, Catherine, 265 Brown, Browne, Capt., 379 Al, 393 Allison, 460 Arthur, 581 Blanche V., 224 Burntfoot, 491 Calista, 355 Dorothy, 175 Edgar A., 224 Emilius, 355 EUzabeth, 160 Hannah, 108, 427 H. Elizabeth, 175 Henry M., 224 Henry Y., 457, 460 James, 160, 427 Jeremiah, 567 John, 80, 108, 355, 371, 392, 428, 441 Joseph, 175 Josiah, 455, 566 Brown, Jonathan, 456 Joshua, 389 Lydia, 160 Maria, 393 Martha, 118, 567 Martha H., 224 Mary, 355, 373, 418 Nabby W., 382 Nathan, 379, 380 Peggy, 392 Rebecca, 160 Ruth, 371 Sarah, 567 Silas, 382 Browning, Prudence, 118 Bruce, Elizabeth, 184 Brunt, Hugh, 479 Bryant, 524, 530, 533 Alice A., 164 Jonathan, 164 Sarah, 374 Buchanan, Edward, 504 Buck, Edward, 228 Reuben, 141 Buffington, N., 401 Bugbee, Nathaniel, 140 Bugg, William, 484 Bulkeley, 102 Edward, 184 Mary, 351 Peter, 184 Buckley, William, 265 Bullard, Seth, 132 Bullock, Ensign, 136 Bull, Eliza, 113 Bumpus, Job, 431 Bunch, Edward, 504 Buncombe, Mrs., 307 Richard, 296 Burditt, Edward, 162 Mary, 162 Burgoyne, Gen., 140, 308, 350 Burke, Gov., 488 Burnap, Ruth, 373 Samuel, 373 Burnham, Rowland, 586 Burritt, Salmon, 138, 139 Burroughs, Mary C, 388 Burrowes, Jeremiah, 430 Burrows, Montague, 553 Burr, Aaron, 465 Peter, 104, 105 Burso, see Busso. Burt, Lilly B., 365 Orlando* E., 365 Busch, Adolphus, 198 Bushell, John, 100 Bussell, 398 Busso, Charles, 108, 122, 123, 557, 558 610 INDEX Busso, Hannah, 108, 122, 123, 557, 558 Buswell, Joanna, 387 Mehitable, 447 Butcher, business of, 1697, 109 Butler, Gen., 463 Mary A., 367 Buttend, Elizabeth, 425 Samuel, 425 Button, Shubael, 141 Buxton, 527, 532 Amos, 547 Benjamin, 153, 523, 548 Elizabeth, 547 Phebe P., 548 Byers, Peter S., 228 Cabarrus, Stephen, 296 Cadwalader, Charles 581 Cadv, Abigail, 343 Caldwell, 337, 499 Elizabeth S., 397 Calef, John, 316 Joseph, 321 Martha, 313, 317, 318 Mary, 318 Robert, 315, 316, 317, 318, 321 Calhoun, Emily, 368 John C, 368 Simeon H., 368 California, 165, 206, 232, 477, 529, 571; conditions of travel to, 234; dis- ease attacks vineyards, 259; emi- gration to, 233; first raisins made in, 259; gold coinage of, 234; first locomotive built in, 242; Presbyterian paper established, 244, 246; Quakers in, 259; State University, 244, 245, 246 Anapauma, 195 Benecia, 200 Brighton, 237 College of, 244, 245, 246 Downieville, 243 El Modena, 259 Hewes Hill, 198 Hewes Park, 196, 197, 198 Los Angeles, 213 Napa, 191 Oakland, 256; water front, 257 Orange, 195 Sacramento, 166, 230, 234, 535; great fire, 203; Queen City Hotel, 235; fire of 1852, 235; churches of, 235; conditions in 1850, 235; Steamer Union, 236; first Sab- bath school at, 236; dedication of Congregational church, 236; Methodists of, 236; flood of 1852, 237; squatter war, 237. California, San Francisco, 161; grad- ing of, 203, 238; high school, 209; in 1850, 234; vigilance committee, 240; Congregational church, 243; first Presbyterian church, 243; Palace Hotel, 246; earthquake, 247; visits of Presidents Hayes and Grant, 256; first Baptist Church, 258; City Hall, 264 Santa Ana, 168; valley of, 196; Presbyterian church, 258 St. Helena, 191 Sutterville, 237 Tustin, 192 Campbell, Mr., 526 Col., 487 Hannah M., 177 Margaret, 447 Richard, 471 William, 447 Campion, Clement, 61 Campton, Canada, 348 Caner, 331 Cape Ann, fishing at, 399 Capen, Edward A., 189 Helen M., 189 Lucretia, 189 Capron, Joseph, 455 Carl, Amos, 206 Earl R,, 206 Ernest E., 206 Grace, 206 Laura A., 206 Natalie R., 206 Ruth H., 206 Carmack, Capt., 487 Carnegie, Andrew, 200 Carnev, Charles, 188 Clarissa, 188 Hortense A., 188 Hortense S., 188 James G., 188 Philip D., 188 Sidney H., 188 Carolina, North, 481 ; declares Inde- pendence, 293; armed vessels, 301 Abercorn, 484 Bath Co., 431 Burke Co., 472, 484 Caswell Co., 463, 488 Cleveland, 481 Edenton, 274, 295 Newbern, 301 Orange Co., 489 Raleigh, 474 Roanoke Island, 274 Warren Co., 488 Carolina, South, 485 Charleston, 484 INDEX 611 Carolina, South, Chester District, 490 Newberry Dist., 486 Ninety-Six Dist., 491 Pickens Dist, 463, 490, 496 Carpenter, 7, 336, 422 Carpentier, 257 Carr, Elizabeth, 380 Rosamon, 451 William, 315 Carrington, C, 476 Carson, Luella Clay, 200 Carter, Mary, 389 Nathaniel, 163 Robert, 185 Sarah, 529 Carypen, Capt., 501 Casement, John, 581 Cassedy, Martin, 467 Caswel, Gen., 489 Caswell, Thomas, 297 Catey, S. F., 198 Causton, 484 Caution, see Warning, 123 Caverly, Margaret, 448 William, 448 Census, U. S., of 1790, 600 Central Pacific Railroad, 248, 249, 250, 573, 574 Chamberlain, Aaron, 376 Joshua, 493 Mary, 376 Mellen, 49 Champion, Capt., 435 Chandler, Lt., 394 Alfred D., 224 Edmonds H., 213 Henry E., 213 Jonathan, 138 Mabel W., 213 Mildrisd G., 224 Myra, , 224 Channing, Edward, 49 Chapin, Lydia, 137 Chaplin, Ann, 16 Chapman, Mary E., 485 Simon, 485 Charlemagne, Emperor, 553, 554 Charles, Duke of Lorraine, 553 Charles II, 97 Charlton, Michael, 61 Chase, Col., 387 Charles, 459 Helen I., 367 Hosea, 367 Joshua, 343 Julia H., 367 Molly, 379 Sarah, 343 Seth, 342 Chase, William, 25 Checkley, John, 422 Chenery E., 132 Cherokee Indians, 463, 472, 476, 487, 491 Chesley, Lena M., 137 Cherry Burton, Eng., 516 Chester, Col., 438 Sir Robert, 11 Cheever, Ezekiel, 417 Thomas, 455 Chichester, Jennie, 362 Childers, 261 Chipman, 171 Chisam, Arietta, 210 Samuel, 210 Sarah M., 210 William, 210 William H., 360 Cholera, 167 Chotard, Capt., 494 Church members, number of in 1635 in Boston, Salem, Roxbury, 33 not freemen, 51 Church, Col., 453 Cilley, Col., 139 Clapp, Capt., 102 Abigail, 331 Charlotte, 331 Joseph H., 331 Lucretia, 330, 331 Lydia C, 331 William J., 331 William T., 331 Clark, Capt., 357 David, 132, 495 Edward, 315 Gilbert, 326, 344 James, 371 John, 271 Sally, 326, 344 Truelove, 326, 344 Clarke, George R., 477 John, 79 Jonathan, 116 Matthias, 110 M. G, 190 Thomas, 56, 67, 488 Clement, L. M., 581 Susannah, 376 Cleveland, 487 Clay, Gen., 357 Henry, 163 Clarey, Jude, 422 Clift, Emily, 185 Mary B., 185 William S., 185 Clinton, Gen., 467 Coach, old Spanish, 201 612 INDEX Coale, James, 428 Coat armor, see also Seal, 4, 6, 7, 8, 13 Coats, Thomas, 441 Cobbitt, Mr., 403 Cochran, 407 Codner, 557 Coddington, William, 52 Coe, Julia, 355 Coffin, 350 George W., 127 Joseph, 458 Peleg, 127 Cogan, John, 24, 56, 84 Maiy, 84 Cogswell Family, 569 Col., 385 Alice, 569 Alieia, 569 Edward, 569 Elizabeth, 567, 569, 570 John, 403, 567, 569 Margaret, 570 Robert, 569 Samuel, 570 Susanna, 570 Colby, John, 393 Lizzie M., 393 Cole, Robert, 25 Samuel, 24 Thomas, 455 Coleman, 412 Coles, Capt., 488 Collicott, Richard, 41. Collier, Capt., 495 Col., 485 D., 503 Daniels, 496 Collins, Abel, 436 C. Walter, 164 Edward, 48 Eli D., 393 Mary E., 393 Mercy, 436 Collimer vs. Marshall, 109 Peter, 109 Colson, Capt., 496 Comer, John, 101, 103, 104 Mary, 103 Commissioner to try small causes, 47 Conant, Roger, 400 Condit, 530 Coney, Amy Frances, 178 Charles W. H., 178 Clara J., 177 Edwin S., 177 Elizabeth, 526, 530, 532, 536 Emily, 176 Fletcher, 176 Florence E., 177 Francis A., 177 Coney, Frances O., 177 George B., 178 Jeremiah, 151, 176, 526, 533, 535 Jeremiah W., 178 Kate E., 176 Louise J., 178 Mary, 176 Rebecca W., 176 Sarah, 177 Sophia, 176, 178, 533, 537, 539. Sophia A., 176 Sophia M., 178 Congress, Continental, 303 Connecticut, 48, 433 Fairfield, 100, 438; title to, 102 Groton, 43 Guilford, 433, 434 Killingly, 438 Lyme, 434 Mansfield, 129 New Haven, 69, 434, 435, 438 Newtown, 138, 139 Norwich, 435, 437 Pettypogne, 358 Saybrook, 357 Thompson, 438 Tolland, 345 Connelly, Grace, 135 Constable, office of, 46; character of men holding position of, 48; his authority, 51 ; how appointed, 51 ; chosen by towns, 48; duties of, 46 Continental Congress, 303; election of, 280; declaration of, 282 Converse, Jonathan, 438 Zerviah, 438 Cook, Cooke, Caleb, 349 Clara L., 362 Jemima, 349 John, 478 John C, 362 Middlecott, 113 Richard, 76, 77 Ruth, 213 Sherwin L., 362 Coolidge, James, 406 Nathaniel, 38 Coombs, Fields, 392 Lucy, 392 Cooper, Elizabeth, 352 Sarah, 15 Coowate (Newton Lower Falls), 101 Coplin, 166, 172 Copp, Family, 555 David, 555 Elder, 94, 107 Joanna, 555 Jonathan, 555 INDEX 61$ Copp, Judith, 555 Lydia, 555 Ruth, 555 William, 555 Copper ore, 66 Corey, Capt., 394 Corlett, Elijah, 54 Cornell, Emily, 363 Corning, John, 581 Cornwall, James, 417 Cornwallis, Lord, 489 Correl, Archibald, 278 Cotton factory at Lynnfield, 147 Cotton, 333 Charles B., 334 Jennie M., 334 John, 35 Cottrell, D. W., 212 Emily, 212 Gertrude, 212 Pamelia, 392 Sylvester, 392 Covell, S., 348 Cowell, Capt., 335 Covington, Capt., 480 Cox, 166 Capt., 455 Col., 522, 524, 525 Adelaide, 185, 532 Benjamin, 152, 184, 226, 531, 533, 535, 539, 540 Clarissa, 184 Daniel P., 186, 527, 530, 531 Emily B., 186 Francis W, 185 George, 520, 538 John, 467 Le Roy B., 185, 186, 531 Mary Ann, 184, 527, 530, 533, 535, 536 Mary B., 185 Mary Ellen, 185 Matthew, 152, 184 Scobey, 530 Susannah, 184 William, 468, 522, 523 William Emerson, 166, 167 Coxeall, 58 Counties established, 48 County organizations, 46 Crabtree, Alice, 72, 91, 601 Deliverance, 91 John, 72, 79, 80, 81, 83, 91 Cradock, Mathew, 32, 37, 52 Craft, Col., 349 Crafts, Elias, 549 Miranda, 549 Craig, Robert, 487 Crane, 30 Crane, Col., 413, 467 Robert, 75, 76, 77 Sarah, 529 Crapo, William W., 232 Crawford, Capt., 504 Charles, 485 Creamer, Thomas, 500 Creek Indians, 503 Creeke, Edward, 93 Cress, Delilah, 500 George, 500 Crippen, J., 343 Crocker, Capt., 347, 348 Betsy, 493 Charles, 236, 249, 573, 580, 582 E. B., 236, 249, 573, 580, 582 Cromwell, Oliver, 27, 97 Crosby, George, 470 Hannah, 150 Mary, 470 Cross, John, 97 Levi S. K., 177 Lydia, 396 Mary E., 176 Sarah, 388 Ralph, 388, 396 Crow, Christopher, 87 Crowshawe, Joseph, 586 Cruft, Foster, 345 Crump, Benjamin, 469 Elizabeth. P., 469 Mary, 469 Chaddock, Martha, 118 Thomas, 118 Chagres river, 233 Cumberland, Fort, 146 Cummings, Joseph, 389 Molly, 389 Cunningham, 199 Bill, 491 Frank, 237, 238 James, 203, 238, 239, 240, 247 Nathaniel, 319, 320 Cupp, John, 467 Currier, Abigail, 142 Ezra, 447 William, 142 Curtis, Abigail, 434 Almira, 350 Calvin, 350, 359 Celia, 359 Charles W., 232 Jonathan, 434 Mercy, 496 Cushing, Capt., 349 Cushman, Abigail, 345 Joseph, 347 Sarah, 345 Cutler, David, 420 614 INDEX Cutler, Eliza, 552 Hannah, 552 Samuel, 552 Cutter, Ephraim, 232 W. R., 389 Daby, Asa, 393 Dabnev, Col., 476 Daggett, Eunice, 343 Dale, Thomas, 585 Dammartin, Counts of, 553, 554 Renaud de, 553 Damon, Annie H., 361 Harriet A., 361 James E., 361 Joseph N., 361 Mary L., 361 Samuel F., 361 Dana, Richard, 116 Dandridge, William, 478 Danforth, 150, 518 Agnes, 368 Arthur P., 208 Charles H., 208 Clara E., 208 Dora P., 208 Elizabeth, 184 Emily, 368 Galen B., 368 Helen E., 208 Henry, 518, 527, 536, 538 John, 208 Raymond H., 208 Samuel, 75, 77 Sarah H., 208 Samuel, 27 Daniel, Julian, 6 Daniels, Capt., 135 Danskin, Althea L., 211 George M., 212 Dare, Virginia, 274 Darrow, Ernest, 356 Frank A., 356 Mary, 356 Dauson, George, 103 Davenport, Col., 499 William, 459 David, William, 428 Davidson, Samuel, 483 Davie, Deborah, 431 Elizabeth, 431 Robert, 431 Davis, Benjamin, 213 Catherine, 213 Elizabeth, 489 Eliza W., 215, 548 Enoch, 372 Gustavus S., 215 Israel, 456 Davis, James, 314, 560 Julia H., 367 Mary, 372 Rose L., 211 Sarah Hines, 213 Thomas, 89, 91, 120 Truman, 130 Trustrum, 458 William, 121 William P., 211 Davison, James, 483 Dawes, William, 95, 414 Dawson, Mrs., 308 George, 101 Dav, Sarah E., 164 Daviess, Capt., 503 Dealev, Dodair, 220 Edna E., 220 George L., 220 James E., 220 Richard U., 220 Sophia E., 220 Deane, ship of war, 438 Dearborn, Henry, 140 Samuel, 391 Debtors, treatment of, 409 Decker, Jessie, 364 Declaration of Independence, 299, 300 Deer Island, 311, 312 Deering, Elizabeth, 319 Henry, 319 De Hull, Cornelius, 586 Delaware Expedition, 66 Delaware Indians, 487 Delaware regiment, 134 DeLancy, Ellen, 497 Delano, Amasa, 457 Delany, Prudence, 99 Deming, Mary, 117 Samuel, 117 Dennison, Daniel, 27, 49, 80, 81, 83 Edward, 49 George, 27, 49 John, 381 Rebecca, 381 William, 27, 49, 58 Deputies to General Court, 34, 45 Devonshire, Eng., 545 Dew, Nathaniel, 410 Dewer, Thomas, 86 Delphi, Greece, 199 Dick, Christiana, 268 Elisha, 268 Dickinson, Col., 504 Dickson, Maj., 463 Dill, a slave, 547 Dillon, Sidney, 579, 581 Dimick, Sarah, 142 INDEX 615 Dimon, Capt., 438 Dinon, Capt., 489 Dinwiddie, Robert, 192 Dixon, H. H., 276 Doane, James C, 332, 333, 334 Susanna W., 334 Dobson, Polly M., 477 Dodge, Capt., 390 Ellen, 497 Dohertv, Gen., 504 Dolbea'r, Deborah, 108, 559 Elizabeth, 108, 122, 558 Edmond, 100, 108, 122, 123, 556, 557 558 559 Edmund G., 108, 122, 123, 558, 559 Edward, 94 Hannah, 94, 95, 107, 108, 557, 559 Joseph, 94, 95, 107, 108, 556, 558 Sarah, 108 Dolbier, Joseph, 556 Dolland, Mary, 94 William, 94, 557 Dollar, William, 557 Doolittle, Col., 133, 426 Dolly, John, 489 Dominoquilo, 173 Dorchester Company, 32, 400 Dotev, Edward, 431 Thomas, 431 Doubleday, Ann, 109 Roger, 420 Douglas, Capt., 435, 436 Archibald, 415 James, 414, 415 Jennet, 414 Mary, 414 Patrick, 414 Dow, Capt., 378, 379 Dowd, Mary, 433 Dowdall, Sophia, 469 Downer, Mary, 371 Downing, Emanuel, 61 Drake, A., 447 Mary E., 142 Draper, John, 130 Richard, 107 Dresser, 167 Drew, I., 493 Drury, Col., 340, 341 Dvre, Barrat, 119 Dubois, Col., 466, 467 Dudley's Defeat, 357, 483 Dudley, Catherine, 27 Gov. Joseph, 102, 103 Gov. Thomas, 27, 28, 29, 31, 40, 44, 52, 55, 100 M., 449 Dudley Street Terminal, 28 Duell,' Joseph, 364 Louisa, 364 Duell, Phoebe, 364 Duff, John, 579, 581 Dukinfield, Sir Nathaniel, 296 Dummer, 36 Dunbar, 234 Duncan, 58 Levi, 494 Nathaniel, 41 Robert, 415 Dunmore, Lord, 134 Dunnell, Sarah, 425 Dunn, Deborah, 268 Zacheus, 268 Duquesne, Fort, 146 Durango, 173 Durant, 575 Henrv M., 245 T. P., 578, 579, 581 Durham, Rhoda, 500 Durkee, Maj., 435 Dutch on the Delaware, 68 Dwight, H. E., 232 Dver, Elizabeth, 432 Fulke, 432 Rachel, 432 Easley, Myrtle, 177 Eastman, Charlotte W., 387 Emma J., 368 George W., 368 Eaton, 147 Adeline, 396 Ellen, 165 Maria, 366 Nancy V., 396 Peter, 211 Sallv, 424 Sarah, 211 Eccleston, Capt., 233 Eddy, Eliza, 355 Mathewson, 342 Eden, Gov., 274 Edes, Sarah, 443 Edward, a negro, 114 Edwards, Joseph, 478 Eells, Rev. James, 243, 244, 245 Eliot, Rev. John, <2% 25, 28, 29, 55, 101 Philip, 28 Sir Thomas, 551 Ellis, Ellice, Capt., 446 A., 132 Jabez, 347, 348 James, 132 Sarah, 99 Elmore, Col., 438 Elv, Capt., 436 Elyot, Anthony, 585 Emerson, 536 Clarissa, 184 616 INDEX Emerson, Ebenezer, 184 Elizabeth, 184 Hubbard, 524 Joseph, 132, 184 Lydia, 383 Mary, 184 Oliver, 153, 160, 525 Ruth, 184 Thomas, 184 Emery, Bethia, 377 John, 372 Judith, 372, 375 Mary, 372 Stephen, 376 Emperor, Francis, 585 Endicott, 545 Gov., John, 30, 32, 37, 39, 44, 50, 52, 66 English, Philip, 313 Ephraim, Peter, an Indian, 102 Essex Mining and Trading Co., 165 Etheridge, Alsa C, 333 Elizabeth, 333 John A., 333 Evans, Jane, 462 Joanna, 15 Martha J., 485 Everett, 341, 350 Jesse, 321, 322 Sarah, 321, 322 Ewins, John, 478 Ever, Peter, 312 Samuel, 312 Extortion, 57, 59 Fabiola Hospital, Oakland, 219 Fagg, 398 Fairchild, Molly, 139 Philo, 138 Fairweather, John, 421 Mary, 421 Penelope, 421 Thomas, 421 Capt., 416 Fancher, Harriet A., 363 Fanning, Col., 485, 488 Farlev, Hannah, 375 Michael, 375 Farnum, Jonathan, 417 Farrington, Sarah, 547 Farris, Hattie E., 368 Farwell, John, 406, 407 Mary, 406, 407 Faulkner, John, 499 Fay, Rev., 521 Sabia, 369 William B., 369 Fellows, Mary, 514 Felmare, Mary, 113 Felton, Elizabeth, 563, 564 Fenwick, John, 266 Ferguson, 472, 487 Archibald, 558 Walter, 279 Fernay, Capt., 464 Few, Benjamin, 484 Ignatius, 484 Fienles, Fiennes, family, 554 Ingelram, 553 William de, 553 Filmore, James, 316 Thankful, 316 Fisher, John, 338 L. P., 228 S., 348 Fiske, John, 53, 338 Fitch & Pickering, 235, 236 FitzHenry, James, 451 Flack, Thomas, 463 Flemming, Major, 134 Flint, 525, 532 Charles, 527 Daniel, 211 Edmund, 549 Francis E., 181, 211 Frank P., 212 Gertrude C, 212 Katherine, 212 Katherine J., 212 Mary, 547, 548, 564 Motley H, 212 Priscilla, 211 Samuel, 548 William, 212 Flint, Peabody & Co., 212 Flower, Capt., 348 Fogg, Ann M., 549 Follansbee, George W., 396 Nancv V., 396 Follet, 168 Fontaine, William, 470 Fones record, 80 John, 84 Foot, Abiel, 138 Betsy, 138, 139 Ebenezer, 507 George, 139 Senator, 231 Foote, pedigree of, 12 arms of, 13 Anne, 10 » Caleb, 38, 61, 63, 74 Dorcas, 10 Elizabeth, 10, 74, 75, 76 Joan, 11, 12 John, 11 Joseph, 9, 10 Joshua, 12, 19, 27, 29, 30, 60, 61, 62, 63, 65, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 78, 80 INDEX 617 Foote, Margaret, 12 Mary, 10, 11, 12, 20 Nathaniel, 38 Robert, 10, 11, 12 Samuel, 74 Sarah, 13 Sir Thomas, 13; Lord Mayor of London, 20 Ford, Capt., 408 Daniel, 137 Mary, 137 Phiiieas, 346 Forrest, Henry, 473 Fortifications "in Mass., 1633, 35 Fort Nassua, 68 Fort Deposit, 504 Fort Strother, 504 Fosdick, John, 126 Foster, A., 422 C. F., 356 Charlotte, 356 Georgetta, 356 Judson, 356 Samuel, 459 Sarah, 402 "William, 110 Fowle, Isaac, 38 Fowler, 167, 174 Henrv, 73, 80 Mary' A., 396 Rebecca, 80 Sarah, 93 Thomas, 93 Foxle, Constantia, 552 Sir John, 552 Matilda, 552 Thomas, 552 Francis, Col., 390, 452 John, 105 Franklin, Benjamin, 98 Franklvn, Gen'., 309 Fraser,' R. G., 196, 198 Frasier, Col., 309 Freake, 56 Freeman, Mary, 137 Freemen of Mass., I 2'2, 32; qualifica- tions of, 31; number of, 1638, 40; not church members, 51 Fremont, Gen., 250 French, Amaziah, 385 James, 191, 192, 193 James H., 193 Junius B., 193 Marcellus, 192 Matilda C, 191 Rosa, 193 Sallv, 443, 445 Sarah S. B., 192 Frend, Capt., 119 Freth, James, 11 Frey, Ann, 322 Friends in California, 259 Friends' records, 266, 267 Fry, Col., 455 Isaac, 445 Martha, 330 Fur trade, 44, 64, 67 I Gage, Gex., 304, 418 Benjamin, 382, 394 Stephen T., 581 Gale, Jacob, 380 Gallagher, Jennie M., 334 William D., 334 Gallop, John, 23 Gallup, James A., 228 Gardner, Capt., 340 Amy, 513 Eunice, 353 Jacob, 412 John, 127 Jonathan, 514 Joseph, 116, 127 Marv, 514 Nathaniel, 319 Thomas, 48 Garford, Gervase, 48 Garland, Capt., 482 Garley, Abner, 504 Garret, John, 585 Garrett, Elizabeth, 479 Garrison, William Llovd, 337 Gaskins, S., 585 Gates, Gen., 378, 476 Samuel, 444 Gautlett, William, 585 Gav, Mary Ann, 208 Gavle, Thomas, 473 Gee, Thankful, 421 Geiger, Margaret W., 360 General Court, session of, 1641, 45 Generv, Lambert, 426 Mary, 426 Thamasen, 426 Gentland, Capt, 482 George, Anne, 38 John, 38 Marv, 453 Mary M., 397 Samuel, 460 Georgia, 503 De Kalb Co., 474 Franklin Co., 486, 490 Gwinnett Co., 464 Habersham Co., 486 Macon, 496 Murray Co., 464 Oglethorpe Co., 496 Surrey Co., 477 618 INDEX Gerrv, Elbridge F., 147 Gerrish, Col., 385, 390, 391 Eliza, 387 Eunice M., 137 Jacob, 388 Joseph, 457 Joseph W., 137 Gibbah, daughter of Edward, a ne- gress, 114 Gibbs, Robert, 403 Gibbons, John, 127 Giddings, Andrew, 457 Gifford, 565 Charles E., 465 Margaret, 570 Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, 545 John, 121, 199 Priscilla, 129 Gile, John, 277, 278 Joseph H., 277, 278 Giles, Capt., 379 Elizabeth, 270 James, 270 Sarah, 269, 270 Gilispe, 167 Gilkinson, William, 478 Gillet, Loel, 494 Gillett, Charles W., 185 Gillis, Capt., 304 Gillom, Benjamin, 61 Gilman, Capt., 379, 446 Col. D., 141 Daniel C, 232 Moses, 72 Gilmore, Sally, 344 Gingrich, Amos, 224 Violetta J., 224 Gladstone, 261, 262; Golden Wedding of, 261 Glass-making, 324 Glover, Rev. Jose, 37, 56 Samuel, 456 Goad, Goard, see Gorde Goddard, Edward, 12 William, 12, 13 Goelet, Capt., 115 Goffe, 123 Col., 457 Edmund, 556, 557, 558 Edward, 48 Mary, 556 Golden Spike, The, 249, 577 Rings made from, 577 Goldstone, pedigree of, 38 Ann, 38, 91 Henrv, 38, 91 Marv, 38, 91 Good, Sarah, 401 Goodale, Ann, 312 Elizabeth, 563 Goodale, Robert, 563 Goodell, Capt., 395 Abner C, 49 Goodes, Capt., 469 Goodrich, Hiram, 507 Goodridge, Samuel G., 231 Samuel I. G., 234 Goodwin, J. J., 10 Gookin, Daniel, 101 Gookins, Capt., 55 Gorde, Benjamin, 16 Hannah, 15 Joseph, 15, 16 Lvdia, 15, 16 Phebe, 15, 25 Richard, 14, 15, 25 Sarah, 16 Gore, John, 15, 55 Gorman, Caroline, 465 Margaret, 465 Rozina, 465 Gorton, Samuel, 69, 70, 83 Gould, Anna, 356 Carrie, 356 Frank, 356 Harris P., 209 Lawrence P., 209 Martha A., 356 Marv, 162 Minnie, 356 Sarah, 162 Stanley W., 209 Gowerd, Myra, 224 Gowing, Joseph, 147 Mehitable, 567 Grafton, Elizabeth, 419 George, 190 Rosanna, 190 Rosanna M., 190 Rosa M., 152 Grannis, Lucy, 435 Marv, 435 Grant," President, 201, 256, 577, 579 Graves, Capt., 26 Ebenezer, 177 Hannah M., 177 Sarah J., 177 Grav, Betsv, 142 Franklin' C„ 191 Franklina C, 193 George E., 581 Marv, 129 Matilda C, 191, 193, 254 S. C, 249 Great Lakes, 64, 69 Great Britain, Aristocracv of, 20 Greaton, Col., 133, 347, 426 Greely, Greeley, Andrew, 312, 315 INDEX 619 Greely, Greeley, Horace, 227 Joseph, 313, 315 Green, Greene, 503, 521, 523, 530, 538 Gen., 474, 479 Anapel, 117 Christopher, 453 Hannah, 386 Jeremiah, 113, 454 John, 301 Nathaniel, 92, 93, 105, 117 Phehe, 454 Welthian, 453 Greenwood, Sukey, 353 Gregg, Anna, 447 Gregory, John, 470 Ebenezer, 447 Grey, Harrison, 419 Mary, 419 Sophia, 419 Greyhound, steamship, 174 tavern, Roxbury, 30 Grice, Edmund, 95 Sarah, 95, 100, 122, 123, 556, 557, 558 Gridley, Richard, 460 Griffes, Anne, 377 John, 377 Griffin, Martha, 407 Griffin, a ship, 23, 515 Grimes, Agnes, 447 Griswold, 195 Groom, Edmund, 211 Mary Ann, 211 Grush, 170, 173 Guest, Gen., 476 Guild, Capt. A.,. 133 Guile, Elias, 349 Gwaithvovd, 7; lord of Powis, 5 Gwaith Vaed Hawr, 262 Gwryde, prince of Cardigan, 5 Gwynn, James, 473 Habe. 167 Hagborne, Catherine, 27 Samuel, 27, 53 Haggett, Humphrey, 586 Hagood, Esther, 494 Robert, 494 Haight, Gov., 245 Hale, Abigail, 375 Betsv, 385, 386 Elizabeth, 377 Moses, 375 Halev, Ambrose, 482 Halifax, N. S., 422 Hall, Abigail, 445 Elizabeth, 425 Enoch, 443 Gershom, 430 Hall, Lotty, 483 Martha, 430 S., 501 Sarah, 93 Tharp, 483 William, 93 Hallawes, John, 585 Hallowell, Benjamin, 457 Hamilton, Andrew, 478 William, 478 Hamlin, 582 Hammersmith (Lynn), 64 Hammond, Sarah, 353 Hampden family, 554 Anne, 551 Hancock, Ebenezer, 385 John, 274, 337, 338, 385, 388 Nabby, 406, 407 Sarah, 385 Solomon, 406, 407 Thomas, 114 Hannah, Eliza, 351 Harad, Daniel, 485 James, 485 Hardenburgh, Col., 465 Harding, John, 267 Robert, 555 Thankful, 360 Hardy, Bernice, 359 Dan, 358 Harkness, H. W., 578, 581 Harlakenden, Roger, 40 Harper, Col., 466 Althea C„ 485 Arvilla K., 387 Benjamin, 485, 486 Elizabeth, 370 Elizabeth A., 485 Heryette, 486 James H., 485 Lewrana, 485 Mary A., 486 Martha, 486 Rebecca I., 485 Sarah E., 485 Svlthia, 485, 486 William, 485 Harrington, Alice, 407 Harris, Benjamin W., 228 Elizabeth, 412 Marietta, 359 Phvlinda, 365 Thomas, 73 Victor, 365 Vining, 365 Harrison, Gen., 228 Col., 476 Effie H., 211 Gladys H., 211 620 INDEX Harrison, John, 41 Ralph, 211 Ruth R., 211 Thomas, 136 William, 101 Harrod, Benjamin, 417 Hart, 525 Capt., 401 Mayor, 158 Betsy, 548 Daniel, 153, 548 George D., 548 Hannah, 328 John, 548 Joseph, 153, 328, 524, 548 Lydia, 548 Mary, 312 Moses, 145, 458 Polly, 548 Thomas, 312 Thomas N., 158, 548 Hartshorn, Abigail, 437 David, 437 Zipporah, 437 Harvard College, Establishment of, 56 (See Indian College) Harvey, John, 297, 555 Mary, 555 Martha, 555 Thomas, 555 William, 555 Harwood, John, 105 Haskell, Abbie, 360 Andrew D., 331 Ezekiel, 443 Haskins, Capt., 322 John, 322 Hassenameset Indians, 97 Hastings, Walter, 38 Hatch, Capt., 304 Abigail, 429, 430 Deborah, 114, 127 Elizabeth, 127, 128 Hannah, 127 Jabez, 114, 115, 126, 127, 128, 324 Jeremiah, 429 Lucretia, 127 Mary, 127, 128, 429, Phebe, 429, 430 Samuel, 127, 128 William, 429 Hauek, Donald P., 209 Margaret, 209 Marion C, 209 William, 209 Haud, de la, 3 Atte, 3 Haven, Susanna, 570 Haw, Hawes, 2 Haw, de la, 3 Atte, 3 Hawes, Col., 132, 335 Benjamin, 135, 340, 348 Isaac, 116 Stephen, 460 William, 343 Hawkes, 149 Adam, 149 Ann, 356 Daniel, 356 David, 356 Eliza, 150 John, 151 John P., 140 Moses, 558 Rachel, 151 Hawkins, Elizabeth, 503 Esther, 416 Robert, 416 Sarah, 314, 327 Thomas, 41 Hawley, Gideon, 507 Haws," Col., 474 Nathaniel, 129 Susannah, 129 Hav, Peter, 373 Hannah, 373 Thomas de la, 550 Havden, John, 425 Mary, 109 Hayes, President, 201, 256 Haynes, Gov., 35 .fames W., 581 John, 36, 37 i Hay ward, John, 48, 103 Haywood, Joshua, 141 Hazard, Martha, 434, 453 Thomas, 433, 434 Hazzen, Hazen, Hazon, John, 419, 440, 457 Moses, 443, 445 Heath, Col., 471 James, 394 Joseph, 452, 459 William, 46 Hearsey, Levi, 413 Hebra, Dr., 253 Heirn, Capt., 134 Hemenway, Elizabeth, 14, 15, 25 John, 14, 15 Joshua, 14, 15 Marah, 15 Marv, 15 Ralph, 14, 25 Ruth, 14, 15 Samuel, 14, 15 Henly, Col., 395 Henry families of Virginia, 192 INDEX 621 Henry, Emperor of Germany, 553, 554 Alexander, 192 Edward H., 192 G., 497 Hugh, 192 John, 193 Martha, 192 Patrick, 134, 192 Sarah S. B., 191 Henderson, Anapel, 117 Elizabeth, 117, 547 John, 117, 332 Mary, 117 Mehitable, 401 Rachel, 117 Henfield, Maiy, 526 Mary E., 528 Herald of Truth, 215 Heraldic Visitation, 6 Heron, James, 443 Herrick, Capt., 457 Herrin, William F., 231 Heughes, Elizabeth, 420 Sarah, 417 Hcusc 3 Hewe,' William, 600 Hewes, see Hew, Hugh, Hughes, Hughs, Heughes, Hue, Hues, Hewghs, Huse, etc. Hewes, Origin and distribution of name, 1 Hewes, Hughes, variants of name, 1 Hewes-Hughes, as found in Great Britain, 1 Hewes-Hughes, Huges, etc., strangers in London bearing name, 5 Hewes in Heraldic Visitations, 6 Hewes of Kent, 7 of Jamaica, 18 characteristics of, 12 of Guilford, Conn., 3 of New Jersey, 3, 265 Hewes Building, 247 Hewes Market, 263 Hewes Ranch, 259 Hewes, 399, 406 Aaron, 269, 271, 272, 273, 277, 278, Aaron T., 151, 155, 158, 182, 226, 526, 532, 533, 535 Abbie, 360, 363 Abigail, 124, 129, 130, 137, 143, 163, 318, 319, 326, 331, 333, 343, 345, 350, 431, 439 Abraham, 406, 407 Albert, 364 Adolphus, 143 Agnes, 10, 11, 368 Alanson M., 307 Albert G., 151, 176 Hewes, Albert P., 357 Alice, 84, 85, 91 Alice B., 362 Almira, 343, 350 Alpheus, 128, 133 Althea C, 181 Althea L., 211 Amelia, 421 Andrew J., 359 Andrew W., 451 Ann, 95, 126, 131, 322, 356, 363, 364, 406, 411, 412 Ann R., 359 Anna, 146, 263, 329, 349, 568 Anna F., 330 Anna I., 367 Anna M. (Lathrop), 262, 263, 517 Anne, 9, 11, 35, 369 Arethusa, 350 Arthur, 400, 440, 450, 451, 455 Asa M., 358, 364 Augustus L., 363 Bandwell, 436 Barbara, 357 Barzilla B., 343 Belle, 137 Benjamin, 95, 100, 106, 111, 117, 119, 131, 132, 123, 124, 128, 132, 135, 144, 150, 162, 269, 314, 315, 317, 327, 328, 329, 349, 350, 449, 559 Bernice, 359 Bessie B., 368 Bessie C, 210 Bethel, 433 Betsy, 138, 142, 343, 344, 449, 493 Blanche V., 224 Bodwell, 436 Caleb, 152 Candus, 358 Caroline, 210, 355 Cassius M. G., 364 Celia, 142, 359 Celia G., 213 Charles, 358, 364, 412, 421 Charles E., 421 Charles F., 224 Charles J., 357 Charles L., 219 Charles O., 366 Charles W., 152, 158, 176, 190, 191, 219, 226, 228, 253, 520, 523, 526, 530, 536, 539 Charlotte C, 356 Charlotte E., 207, 224 Charlotte L., 362 Chloe, 343, 454 Christiana, 268 Clara, 364 Clara A., 363 INDEX Hewes, Clara E., 208 Clara L., 362 Clarinda, 358 Constant, 433 Cynthia, 141 Cyril, 142 Cyrus, 137, 142 Cyrus E., 142 Daniel, 161, 162, 271, 273, 313, 315, 316, 317, 319, 321, 326, 328, 333, 334, 345, 353, 358, 360, 421, 422, 431 Daniel H., 346, 358 David, of Orange, Calif., xiii, xv, 143, 149, 152, 155, 157, 158, 162, 176, 178, 190, 191, 195, 202, 206, 207, 212, 215, 218, 219, 225, 545, 548, 577, 581, 583 David Hewes Building, San Fran- cisco, 247, 583 David, develops Anapauma, 259 classmates at Andover, 228 builds an art gallery, 260 advocates an Atlantic to Pacific Railroad, 248 invited to participate in building of Central Pacific, 248 presents a golden spike and laurel tie toward completion of the Pacific railroad, 249 billhead of, 248 business cares, 252 first business venture in Califor- nia, 232 first thoughts of California, 232, 533 sails for California, 233 canvasses for magazine subscrip- tions, 230, 231 a clerk, 227 church affiliations, 236, 243, 258 visits Europe, 253 second visit to Europe, 255 purchases Egyptian antiquities, 261 third visit to Old World, 261 gifts to Mills College, 200, 201 gifts to Stanford Univ., 199 begins collecting genealogical data, 263 letters to 1850, 518 begins grading San Francisco, 2^8 erects Hewes market, Los An- geles, 263 visits Lynn field, 252 settles in Los Angeles, 263 investments in Los Angeles, 264 Hewes, David, marriage of, 255, 261, 509 revisits New England, 252, 263 settlement in Oakland, 256 elected to Oakland Common Council, 256; position of on railway grant of water front by Oakland, 257 visits Palestine, 255 purchases ranch, 259 plants citrus fruits, 260 retires to his ranch, 264 helps organize first Sabbath School in Lawrence, 229 enters business in Sacramento, 234 erects the Queen City Hotel at Sacramento, 235 schooling of, 225, 226 removal to San Francisco, 237, 260, 263 investments in real estate in San Francisco, 247 rebuilds after the fire in San Francisco, 264 develops the Seattle Coal Co., 253 presents Sec. Seward with gold ring, 252 restores Taplev tomb at Lynn- field, 263 settles at Tustin, 258 student at Yale College, 228, 229 vouth of, 225 death of Mrs. Matilda C. Hewes, 260 death of Mrs. Anna M. Hewes, 263 David A., 358 David D., 368 David F., 348 David H., 356, 362 David X., 348 Deborah, 113, 114, 115, 126, 127, 267, 268, 322, 411, 425 Debby, 422 Deliverance, 410, 433 Derby, 422 Derrick, 349, 359 Dorr, 358 Ebenezer, 313, 319 Edith M., 367 Edwin S., 367 Edmond, Edmund, 406, 454 Edna E., 220 Edward, 268, 269, 364, 422, 471 Edward B., 364 Edward S., 360 Edwin L., 163 Eleanor, 405 INDEX 623 Hewes, Eleazer J., 351 Eleazer W., 137 Eleven, 355, 356 Elihu, 269, 456, 493 Elijah, 144, 148, 149, 160, 161, 343, 422 Eliza, 150, 208, 351, 360 Eliza J., 151 Elizabeth, 9, 11, 14, 25, 100, 108, 113, 114, 115, 117, 125, 126, 149, 266, 269, 314, 315, 327, 334, 354, 405, 406, 409, 410, 424, 558, 599 Elizabeth A., 161 Elizabeth H., 353, 370 Elizabeth V. 4 135 Elsie R., 368 Ella F., 164 Emelie M., 219 Emilv, 144, 363 Emily M., 208 Emma G., 191 Emma J., 368 Emma S., 206, 224 Ermina, 362 Esther, 350, 416 Eunice, 137, 343, 359 Eunice E., 137 Eva, 366 F. W., 358 Fannie, Fanny, 350, 358, 367 Fannie E., 360 Fanny M., 344 Fannv, 365 Fifteen, 335 Flora, 366 Fluvila B., 364 Frances E., 163 Frances M., 179 Francis, 11, 191, 468 Frank, 210 Frank O., 206, 224 Frank S., 365 Franklin F., 364 Franklin N., 366, 368 Frederick A., 421 Fred C, 137 Frederick H., 366 Fremont, 364 Geffrey, 6 George xiii, xv, 3, 10, 106, 142, 311, 313, 315, 318, 319, 363, 364, 369, 404, 422, 423, 525, 533, 601, 602 George B., 206 George C. C, 357 George O., 359 George R., 355, 361, 362, 364 329, 109, 137, 333, 419, 137, 329, 456, Hewes, George R. T., 319, 328, 334, 335, 337, 351, 357, 363, 601 George W., 161, 179, 206, 224, 232, 343 Grace, 135, 452 Hannah, 84, 92, 94, 99, 100, 104, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 119, 122, 124, 125, 128, 135, 136, 150, 268, 269, 314, 315, 329, 343, 346, 351, 406, 423, 442, 556, 557, 558, 559, 561, 562 Harriet, 353, 360 Harriet A., 361, 363 Harriet E., 162, 209 Harriet V., 151 Harrison D., 362 Hattie E., 368 Helen, 176, 602 Helen I., 367 Helen E., 368 Henrietta, 363 Henry A., 179, 210 Henry C, 361 Henry E., 360 Henry G., 353 Henry H., 131 Henry J., 368 Henrv M., 354, 362 Henry X., 368 Henrv W., 206, 357 Herbert, 346 Hester, 9 Hiram, 358 Horace, 358 Horace G., xiii, xvi, 311, 337, 361, 367 Igene, 365 Ira, 142, 345, 358, 602 Isaac, 3, 326, 410, 423 Isabel, 176 Isabella, 361 Joel, Col., of Lvnnfield, 11, 151, 152, 196, 225, 541, 550, 554; home- stead, 153; estate, 159; will of, 158. Joel, 144, 158, 179, 180, 226, 526, 528, 532, 533, 535, 536, 537, 538, 539, 548 Jabez F., 354 Jacob, 268, 346, 410 Jacob W., 143, 566 James, 6, 144, 148, 150, 151, 164, 166, 235, 269, 322, 327, 344, 401, 408, 410, 411, 429, 522, 599 James A., 164, 210 James H., 354, 363 James M., 344, 357 Jane, 124, 269, 415 Jane W., 124 624 INDEX Hewes, Janette L., 366 Jared, 363 Jean, 406 Jemima, 269, 349, 359 Jennie, 362 Jennie D., 362 Jesse, 364 Joanna, 351, 429 John, of England, 6, 10, 11, 91 John of Lynnfield, 143, 145, 146, 196 site of house of, 149; farm, 148 John of Royston, Herts., 9, 11, 91 John of Shalford, Essex, 10 John, 118, 124, 13T, 142, 144, 145, 147, 151, 161, 163, 265, 266, 268, 322, 329, 348, 368, 370, 399, 402, 405, 410, 411, 412, 413, 426, 428, 430, 457, 458, 568 John B., 351 John F., 137 John H., 163, 164, 333, 353 John J., 370 John M., 354, 361 John P., 448 John O., 359 John R., 137 John W., 364 Jonathan, 9, 14, 265, 405, 406, 410, 599 Jonathan B., 161 Johanna, 10 Jone, 428 Joseph, The "Signer," 265; letters of, 303 Joseph, 129, 130, 137, 140, 265, 269, 271, 272, 273, 295, 303, 309, 314, 316, 317, 319, 322, 325, 326, 327, 329, 343, 344, 346, 352, 410, 454, 459 Joseph A., 358 Joseph F., 162, 353 Joseph W., 343 Hewes, Joshua, Lt., of Roxburv, xiii, xv, 3, 9, 19, 28, 41, 71, 91, 96, 98, 99, 122, 197, 202, 262, 311, 318, 331, 399, 404; admitted freeman, 24, 31 ; homestead, 26 ; contribu- tion toward defence, 36; marriage, 38, 72, 91; sergeant, 41, 42; ensign, 42; a founder of the Artillery Co., 42; military service, 39; an official, 43; deputy, 44; constable, 49; selectman,, 49, 71; witnesses will of Hagborne, 53; feoffee of free-school at Roxbury, 55; house robbed, 66; contribution to buy type for Harvard College, 56; fined for undue profits in trade, Hewes — Continued. 59; as merchant and factor, 59, 60, 63; lawsuits, 59, 72, 79; part- ner in trading company, 67; commissioner to Shawomet, 69; at Wickford, 71, 78, 82, 83; land at Exeter, N. H., 72; removes from Roxbury, 72; of Boston, 72; sub- scriber to fund for erection of town house, 72; prisoner for debt, 72; settles estate of Joshua Foote, 73; former homestead passes to Nathaniel Rogers, 77; redeemed from Crane's heirs, 78; selectman at Wickford, 79; member of Nar- ranganset Company, 80; signs pe- tition to government of Conn., 81; returns to Boston, 83; death, 84; character of, 84, 85; inventory of estate, 85; land at Quinnebaug, 86; debts of, 87; charges for burial, 87; seal, 4, 87; interest in the Nipmug country, 93; grave- stone, 111, 318 Joshua, Jr., 84, 91, 92, 94, 95, 96, 101, 103, 104, 106; cordwainer, 94, 95, 106; innkeeper, 104; claims land at Fairfield, Conn., 102 Joshua, gunsmith, 110 Joshua, 28, 61, 95, 98, 100, 106, 108, 109, 110, 111, 122, 121, 122, 123, 124, 128, 131, 133, 144, 161, 226, 441, 531, 532, 537, 555, 556, 558, 559, 601 Joshua D., 362 Josiah, 271, 124, 273, 277, 278, 279 Jude, 422 Julia A. F., 369 Julia F., 163 Fa ura, 348, 349 Lawrence L, 368 Lavinia, 206 Lelia B., 363 Lena M., 137 Lettice, 11 Levant, 358 Lillie B., 365 Lilla E., 366 Lillie F., 220 Lizzie, 179 Lorenzo C, 366 Lorenzo X., 359, 366 Lorilla, 363 Lovica, 142 Louis, 426 Louisa, 142, 364, 181 Louisa J., 355 Lucretia, 331 Lucretia W., 361 Lucy, 406 INDEX 625 Hewes, Lucy A., 152, 156, 158, 205, 226, 520, 526 Lucy J., 357 Lulu, 364 Luman, 350 Lydia, 9, 122, 128, 137, 533 Lydia D., 137 Lydia H., 151 Lydia M., 357 Lyman, 349 I\Iabel, 176 Mabel W., 213 Manueletta, 364 Margaret, 11, 130, 142, 424 Margaret X., 131 Margaret W., 360 Margaretta, 11 Margeria, 11 Marietta, 359 Marland S., 181, 213 Marshall J., 142 Martha, 6, 118, 121, 142, 265, 315, 319, 328, 330, 358, 363 Martha A., 356 Martha C, 357 Martha G., 365 Martha M., 359 Martin, 415 Mary, 6, 9, 13, 14, 20, 92, 94, 95, 106, 109, 129, 130, 137, 141, 142, 266, 268, 269, 272, 313, 314, 315, 317, 321, 327, 330, 343, 344, 350, 351, 355, 357, 364, 404, 412, 416, 419, 421, 429, 454, 468, 602 Mary A., 152, 158, 184, 208, 226, 353, 357, 367, 404, 522, 525 Mary A. B., 351, 359 Mary B., 131 Marv C, 155, 162, 208, 368, 538 Mary E., 176, 208, 355 Mary F., 165 Mary G., 362 Mary J., 142 Mary J. P., 364 Marv L., 351 Man- P., 370 Mary S., 334 Mary T., 361 Mathew, 208 Mathew S., 162 Matilda, 359 Matilda C, 193, 258 Medora, 359 Meriam, 324, 326 Mida, 163 Milton, 176 Milton F., 361 Minnie T., 364 Miriam, 129, 137 Hewes, Molly, 163, 454 Moody, 137 Morris, 415 Moses, 128, 133, 268 Moses W., 162 Myra, 176 Myra P., 365 Mvrtle L., 224 Nancy, 125, 131 Nancy E., 163 Narcissa, 151, 163 Nathaniel, 94, 100, 109, 111, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 128, 129, 130, 137, 138, 142, 424, 435, 458, 556, 557, 558, 559 Nathaniel H., 361 Nellie G., 210 Nicholas, 433 Nora, 365 Olive H., 364 Olive M., 355 Oliver, 137 Oliver W. s 334 Ollev, 448 Orpha, 345 Orrin, 151, 175 Otis, 346 Paoli, 392 Parnell, 403 Patty, 331 Pearl M., 142 Peter, 426 Phebe, 9, 14, 15, 25, 142 Phebe S., 366 Phvlinda, 365 Polly, 130, 343, 349 Pris'cilla, 424 Providence, 269, 271, 277, 349 Prudence, 118, 121, 559 R. V. A., 364 Rachel, 410 Ralph, 311, 357, 366, 416 Raphael, 364 Ray F., 368 Raymond, 364 Rebecca, 128, 131, 333, 410, 424 Rebecca A., 353 Rebecca B., 161, 207 Remember, 420, 421 Reuben, 129, 141 Rhoda A., 356 Richard, 11, 433, 468, 600 Richard B., 331, 351 Richard H., 163, 209 Robert, 313, 318, 319, 321, 322, 323, 326, 327, 330, 331, 333, 344, 352, 356, 358, 363, 425, 459, 468 Robert P., 356, 364 Robert W., 364 626 INDEX Hewes, Roger, 6, 10, 11 Rosa G., 157 Rosa M., 190 Rosamond, 175 Rosannah, 370 Rosetta, 365 Rowland, 6 Rufus K., 163 Rufus M., 348 Ruth, 137, 142, 268, 346, 405, 451 Ruthe, 151, 152, 155, 158, 160, 186, 226, 540 Ruthe T., 518 Ruthe Taplev, royal descent of, 554 Sabia A., 369 Sabra, 348 Sallie, 334 Sally, 344, 349, 357, 359, 363 Samuel, 94, 95, 100, 106, 110, 111, 113, 114, 115, 116, 118, 121, 123, 125, 126, 127, 129, 130, 131, 138, 139, 140, 144, 318, 322, 323, 330, 350, 357, 359, 378, 405, 408, 419, 426, 433, 441, 449, 556, 557, 558, 559, 56:2 Sarah, 9, 94, 95, 106, 137, 142, 151, 179, 268, 271, 272, 273, 314, 327, 328, 332, 333, 334, 343, 345, 350, 353, 370, 410, 425, 450 Sarah A., 358 Sarah D., 142 Sarah E., 210 Sarah H., 361, 362 Sarah I., 164 Sarah M., 210 Sarah R., 180, 210 Sarah S., 359 Sarah T., 131, 344, 353 Sargent, 448 Seriall, 142 Selah, 142 Sewall, 142 Shubael, 318, 322, 328, 330, 335, 351 Shubael E., 355, 363 Shubael S., 355 Sidney, 364 Silas, 366 Solomon, 311, 312, 313, 319, 320, 328, 332, 334, 353, 442 Sophia, 151, 158, 176, 206, 348, 520, 522, 523, 527, 528, 529 Sophia B., 137 Spicer, 327, 454 Spurr, 454 Squire D., 358, 359 Suky, 353 Sukey S., 354 Sumner J., 357 Survine, 328 Hewes, Susan, 354 Susan A., 361 Susan M., 163, 361 Susanna, 150, 269, 326, 345, 425, 346 Susanna W., 334 Sylvanus, 137 Sylvester C, 483 T. Sidney, 364 Tabitha, 269 Thankful, 319, 328, 360 Theoda, 137 Thomas, 9, 11, 126, 269, 419, 425, 430, 450, 460, 469, 600, 601 Thusa, 350 Truelove, 343 Violetta J., 224 Virgil, 353 Virgil H., 354, 360 Virgil M., 360 Walter, 142, 602 Walter R., 366, 368 Walter W., 363 Warren, 356 Warren W., 348 William, 6, 11, 118, 123, 266, 268, 269, 272, 312, 313, 314, 315, 316, 321, 322, 329, 343, 344, 350, 403, 419, 421, 442, 449, 600 William G., 131 William K., 360 William L., 206 William W., 151, 361 Winslow, 162 Winslow B., 165 . Winslow C, 208 Zeehariah, 421 Zephaneal, 132, 135 Zephaniah, 128 Hewghs, 5 Hews of Wiltshire, 7 Hews, See Hewes, Hughes, Hughs, Huse, etc. Abigail, 408, 425, 454 Abigail M., 408 Alice, 407 Anna, 406, 407 Augustus H., 407 Benjamin, 455 Bodwell, 436 Catherine, 407 Catherine C, 407 Celinda, 408 Charles, 406, 407, 426 Christopher, 401 Daniel, 421, 422, 456 Eli i ah, 456 Eli'sha, 456 Elizabeth, 454 Ellen M., 407 INDEX 627 Hews, Emily, 407 Eunice, 403 Franklin, 407 George, 407, 408 Grace, 452 Hannah, 402 Henry, 465 Henry A., 407 Horace, 408 Horatio, 408 James, 378, 408, 438, 466 John, 401, 406, 407, 410, 423, 437, 438, 441 Joseph, 458 Joshua, 458 Lucy, 407 Margaret, 465 Marshall, 408 Martha, 407, 408 Mary, 407, 408, 465 Mary F., 408 Mary S., 407 Miranda, 408 Nathaniel, 458 Nathaniel P., 424 Parley, 438 Ralph, 468 Richard, 467 Robert, 424, 425 Rozina, 465 Sally, 406, 407, 424 Samuel, 407, 459, 460 Samuel C, 407 Smith W., 407 Sophronia, 408 Sukey, 406, 407 Susanna, 401, 408 Thamasen, 426 Thankful, 421 Thomas, 408 William, 425, 440, 454, 460, 465, 466 Hewson, John, 555 Hichborne, 419 Higginson, Rev. John, 32 Hill, Capt., 479 Elizabeth, 125, 314, 317, 328 Huldah, 314 James, 314, 317 Joseph, 527 John, 116 Lucy, 385, 386 Rebecca, 377 Sarah, 328, 385 Thomas, 571, 580, 581, 582 Tynge & Co., 69 Valentine, 67 Hilton, Mary, 371 Hiltzheimer, Jacob, 277 Hinckley, Elizabeth, 345 Hinckley, Esther, 345 Hannah, 345 Robert, 345 Susanna, 345 Susanna H., 345 Thomas, 345 Thomas H., 345 Hind, sloop of war, 423 Hindle, 534 Hinkson, Col., 498 Thomas, 499 Hinman, Harvey, 444 Hirley, Glory T., 212 Hirst, William, 110 Hise, Mary, 497 Hitchcock, Col., 453 W. H., 496 Hoar, Leonard, 56 Hobart, Col. D., 141 Edmund, 430 Elizabeth, 430 Mary, 430 Hobbs, Alice, 208 Hobby, Sir Charles, 457 Hockins, Caleb, 495 Hoe, How, 2 Hodges, Capt., 488 Polly, 343 Sarah, 343 Hodgins, Houlden, 473 Hoese, Constantia, 552 John de la, 552 Hoffman, Capt., 497 Holbrook, Elizabeth, 14, 15 Holden, Abigail, 406 Randall, 83 Holgrave, John, 58 Holladay, Georgiana C. O., 517 Holman, John, 372 Judith, 372 Holmes, Col., 465, 467 Joseph, 102 Holms, Lt., 428 Holstein, Hannah, 462 Holt, Benjamin, 211 Betsey, 211 Joseph, 211 Mary, 373 Oliver, 373 Hone, Alice, 164 Bvron S., 164 Edward P., 164 Ella, 164 Eva N., 164 Narcissa, 163, 164 Philip P., 151, 163 Rachel B., 164 Sarah E., 164 Winslow P., 164 628 INDEX Hoo, 2 Hooker, Rev. Thomas, 23, 25, 601 Hook's Ferry, 377 Hooper, Henry, 420 Mary, 94, 556, 557 Sam, 94 Samuel, 556 William, 276, 297 Hopkins, Elizabeth, 447 Ezek, 274 John 44*7 Mark, 236, 249, 262, 573, 580 Hopkinson, Caleb, 374 Francis, 274 Sarah, 374 Horn, Lt., 340 Horsburgh, L. E. A., 517 Plose, 2 Hosmer, Harriet B., 361 Sarah H., 361 Sophronia H., 361 William A., 361 Houghton, 168 Mary, 393 Stillman, 393 House, Howse, 2, 7 Mrs., 277 Hannah, 427 John, 140 How, 2 Abraham, 15 David, 395 Joseph, 92 Howard, Capt., 141 Howe, Howes, 2 Abraham, 552 Daniel, 41 George, 127 Love, 552 Howell, Rebecca, 436 Thomas, 436 Hue, Hu, Huee, Hues, 5, 441, 448 Hubbard, Almira, 393 Jeremiah, 393 S. Isabelle, 517 William, 399 Hudson, Elizabeth, 555 Ens, 63 John, 555 William, 78, 79, 80, 82 Hue, Catherine, 448 John, 441 Margaret, 448 Hue's Cross, 429 Hues, 427 Hues, Major, 452 Abigail, 438 Catherine, 490 David, 489, 490, 599 Deborah, 453 Mues, Elizabeth, 489, 599 Frances, 453 Francis, 599 George, 311 Grace, 437 Isabella, 490 James, 489, 490 Jemima, 452 John, 266, 405, 412, 440, 452, 599 Jonas, 438 Jonathan, 438 Joseph, 453 Joshua, 110 Lewis, 434, 453 Mary, 453 Martha, 434 Richard, 600 Rachel, 489, 490 Robert, 452 Thomas, 450, 600 Zerviah, 438 Huges, E., 438 Mangeby, 599 Hugh, see Hughes, Hughs, Hewes, Hews, Hue, Hues, Huse, etc. Hugh of Yorkshire, 7 Hugh, derivatives from, 2 Abigail, 444 Ellis ap, 470 Henry, 474 Jeremiah, 457 Jesse, 444 John, 438, 440, 445, 451, 457, 458 Timothy, 449 William, 471 Hughe, Richard, 600 Hughes, see Hugh, Hughs, Hewes, Hews, Hue, Hues, Huse, Hughes, etc. Hughes, German and French forms of name, 2 Hughes of Connectivut, xv Hughes, of Ireland, 7 Hughes, Lt., 438 Hughes, 443 A. J., 499 Aaron, 502 Abigail, 433, 434, 435, 436, 444, 445, 484, 493 Abner A., 485 Absolom, 470, 480 Alexander, 471 Allen, 599 Amy, 438 Andrew, 463 Ann, 412, 421 Ann L., 473 Ann P., 477 Anna, 436, 447 INDEX 629 Hughes, Anne, 419, 463 Anderson, 500 Andrew, 6, 463, 488, 489 Andrew J., 494 Anthony, 469 Anthony B., 423 Archelaus, 469, 477 Arthur, 599 Ashford, 470 Barhet, 447 Benjamin, 413, 414, 415, 481 Bethia, 410 Billy, 482 Birkett, 483 Bodwell, 435 Bolan, 500 Bulah, 484 Bur well B., 481 Calvin, 445 Camden R., 496 Catherine, 415, 463 Catherine M., 498 Charity, 482 Charles, 421, 442, 464, 480, 500 Christopher, 599 Clement, 441, 442 Collins, 436 Constant, 265 Cornelius, 502 D. Darwin, 436 Daniel, 421, 435, 437, 447, 494 David, 456, 469, 471, 482, 488, 498, 499, 502 Dennison, 493 Dennison S., 494 Doffus, 470 Dolly E., 462 Dorothy, 494 Edmund, 438, 454 Edward, 423, 469, 470, 484, 494, 497, 500 Edward P., 500 Effie, 496 Eleven, 356 Elias, 471 Elias R., 497 Elijah, 437 Ellis, 480 Elizabeth, 266, 410, 412, 416, 417, 419, 423, 438, 440, 447, 469, 473, 479, 483, 489, 495, 496, 499, 502, 503, 504, 599 Elizabeth P., 480 Eliza J., 494 Emmanuel, 450 Emily, 498, 499 Emily N., 496 Enis, 503 Esther, 488, 494 Hughes, Eunice, 437, 451 Evert, 465 Francis, 471, 472, 473, 483 Francis A., 471 Freeman, 435, 437, 438 Gabriel, 472, 473, 474 Garland A., 475 George, 422, 423, 445, 488, 497, 599 Grace, 435 Greenbury, 484 Hannah, 411, 423, 437, 441, 442, 447, 451, 462, 493 Harriet, 445 Henry, 414, 415, 435, 437, 480, 493 Henry F., 435 Hetty, 495 Hewson, 431 Hugh, 462, 463 Humphrey, 265 Isaac, 462, 500 Isaac R., 496 Israel, 436 James, 6, 402, 409, 411, 413, 414, 419, 437, 438, 440, 442, 443, 456, 466, 474, 488, 489, 490, 495, 496, 497 James M., 462 Jane, 406, 447, 462, 481, 482, 495, 497 Janus, 503 Jasper, 469 Jasper N., 494 Jedediah, 265 Jeffery, 599 Jeptha, 485 Jennet, 414 Jeremiah, 497, 501 Jesse, 413, 443, 475, 480, 499, 503 Joab, 443 Joanna, 431 Jonathan, 447, 478 John, 3, 6, 265, 398, 400, 401, 403, 404, 410, 411, 412, 413, 416, 423, 432, 433, 435, 437, 438, 440, 442, 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448, 451, 456, 457, 462, 466, 469, 476, 477, 478, 480, 488, 489, 490, 493, 494, 495, 496, 498, 501, 599 John A., 477 John M., 482, 494 John S., 482 Joice, 500 Jonathan, 478 Joseph, 415, 423, 436, 453, 466, 486, 490, 496, 501 Joseph F., 501 Josephine, 453 Joshua, 424 Judith, 482, 500 Judith N., 478 630 INDEX Hughes, Kasia, 463 Laura, 445 Lavina, 496 Leander, 477 Leonard, 6 Letitia, 501 Letitia D., 477 Lewis, 434, 501 Lois, 494 Lorzilla, 494 Lucretia, 437 Lucy, 411, 435, 487, 488 Lydia, 445 Mabel, 435 Madison R., 503 Mann P., 473, 474 Marcy, 417 Margaret, 425, 445, 447, 497, 498 Margaret A., 424 Martha, 462, 489, 494, 495 Martin, 415 Mary, 412, 415, 416, 417, 419, 424, 433, 434, 435, 445, 453, 464, 470, 473, 482, 483, 497, 498, 503 Mary A., 421, 494 Mary M., 501 Mathew, 424 Mathew M., 477 Mehitable, 398, 447 Mercy, 417, 436, 496 Michaell, 6, 466 Miles, 466 Millie, 496 Nancy, 464, 474, 481, 488, 500, 501 Nancy A., 494 Nancy E., 490 Nathan, 463 Nathaniel, 421 Nelson B., 475 Nicholas, 433, 434, 452, 484 Owen, 424 Parley, 438 Paul,* 402 Permelia, 445, 500 Peter, 426, 487, 488, 501 Phebe, 454 Philip, 416 Pollv, 447, 482, 483, 501 Polly M., 477 Pratt, 483 Priscilla, 494 Rachel, 435 Ralph, 470 Rebecca, 436, 481 Reuben, 483 Rhoda, 445, 500 Richard, 6, 408, 416, 417, 424, 433, 445, 451, 480, 481, 600 Richard C, 462 Hughes, Robert, 404, 450, 459, 463, 469, 495, 503 Robert B., 494 Rosanna, 412, 423 Rowland, 416 Ruth, 451 Sally, 443, 445, 483, 485 Samuel, 378, 417, 418, 419, 433, 434, 438, 442, 489, 495, 498, 501 Sarah, 402, 424, 425, 435, 447, 462, 469, 473, 481, 482, 488 Sophia, 469, 483 Stephen, 470, 479, 480, 498 Susan, 474 Susanna, 411, 419, 421, 501 Sylthia, 486 Tabitha, 479, 480 Taylor, 496 Tharp, 482, 483 Timothy, 466 Thomas, 6, 7, 265, 402, 425, 430, 438, 453, 466, 469, 471, 473, 480, 482, 496, 497, 498, 501, 600 Thomas S., 486 Villemille, 600 Walter, 425 Welthian, 453 William, 6, 416, 419, 420, 421, 442, 447, 451, 457, 460, 461, 462, 466, 467, 469, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 485, 488, 489, 495, 499, 501, 502, 503, 504, 600 William S., 494 Young, 481 Zachariah, 496 Ziporah, 437 Hughs, see Hughes, Huse, Hewes, Hews, Hue, Hues, etc. Abigail, 430, 438 Abner, 500 Andrew, 425 Ann, 431 Anna, 443 Christopher S., 424 Dorothy, 467 Edward, 431 Elizabeth, 425, 431, 470, 599 Emmanuel, 428 Emery, 504 Esther, 416 George, 404 Henry, 463 James, 470 John, 401, 426, 428, 430, 441, 470, 476, 484 Marv, 430 Peter, 487 Robert, 425, 458, 479 Samuel, 430, 479 INDEX 631 Hughs, Sarah, 401, 504 Thomas, 460, 467 William, 435, 470 Huge, 5 Huges, Jonathan, 478 Huggins, Elizabeth, 269 Huguenots, 5 Hull, Capt., 92; Capt. John, 106 John, 87, 92 William, 11 Humphrey, Clarinda, 358 Helen, 'l76 John, 33, 37, 52 Susan, 37 Hungerford, Hannah, 434 Sarah, 434 Thomas, 434 Hunkins, Robert, 390 Hunneman, Abigail H., 352 Ann F. H., 352 Elizabeth, 352 Elizabeth C, 352 Hannah, 351 Hannah H., 352 John J., 352 Joseph H., 330, 352 Mary C, 352 Nicholas, 352 Samuel H., 330, 352 Sarah C, 352 William C, 331, 351, 352 Hunnewell, Miss, 339 Hunt, Antionette, 356 Dorcas, 420 Elizabeth, 332 J. F., 356 James M., 356 Jedidah, 161 John, 332 Judith, 420 Marv, 161, 549 Matthew, 161 Rhoda A., 356 Sarah, 332 Thomas, 424 William, 360 Hunter, Benjamin, 495 J., 451 Hetty, 495 John' P., 495 Huntingdon, Capt., 514 C. P., 249, 573, 580 Huntoon, 170, 173, 235 David, 168 Huse, see Hewes, Hughes, Hughs, etc. Huse; see Sybthorpe; 2 Huse family in England, 3 Huse, a prisoner of war, 438 Huse, Maj., 452 Aaron, 383, 398 Abel, xv, 3, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 380, 382, 383, 442, 448, 459 Abigail, 599 Adeline, 396 Abiah, 389 Abigail, 375, 376, 382, 386, 389, 392, 448 Abigail J., 387 Alden, 396 Alice, 380 Alfred, 384 Almira, 393 Amelia, 381 Amos, 378 Amy, 372 A mi, 373 Ann C, 388 Ann E., 404 Anna, 381, 382, 398, 446 Anna L., 404 Anne, 377 Arvilla K., 387 Benjamin, 329, 387, 455 Betsv, 382, 386 Betty, 446 Bezeleel, 384 Caleb, 387, 397 Carr, 379, 380, 387, 455 Charles H., 393 Charles W., 393 Charlotte, 393, 397 Charlotte A., 397 Charlotte W., 387 Clarissa, 381 Clarissa M., 396 Cyrene, 446 Cyrus, 381 Daniel, 383, 389, 398, 436, 440, 455, 456 Delia C, 396 Dennison, 393 Dorcas, 383 Dorothv, 384, 393 Ebenezer, 373, 373, 377, 379, 380, 384, 386, 387, 391, 448 Edward, 403, 431 Elbridge, 392 Eleanor, 371, 375, 376, 396 Eleanor E., 392 Elihu, 375, 381 Elipbalet, 377 Eliza, 387, 401, 448 Eliza G., 387 Elizabeth, 373, 375, 378, 379, 380, 383, 384, 389, 397 Elizabeth S., 397 Elizabeth T., 397 632 INDEX Huse, Ellen M., 387 Enoch, 375, 377, 378, 381, 384, 385, 386, 387, 389, 393, 397 Esther, 3K1 Everett B., 390 Kranlc V., JMM) George, 404 George M., 387 George ( )., 398 George W., 392 Grace, 436 H., 459 Hannah, 373, 375, 376, 377, 378, 380, 382, 383, 385, 386, 391, 396, 446, 448 Harvey, 396 Helen E., 398 Henry, 436 Isaac, 371, 383, 394, 448 Israel, 373, 377, 378, 440 Jacob, 387 James, 373, 376, 377, 378, 379, 389, 440, 442, 446, 488 James E., 396 Joanna, 387 John, 148, 371, 372, 374, 375, 377, 378, 380, 381, 382, 384, 386, 387, 389, 390, 393, 397, 398, 401, 433, 441, 442, 452, 457, 599 John D., 381, 392 Jonathan, 377, 382, 447 Joseph, 373, 377, 378, 379, 380, 382, 388, 389, 390, 391, 397, 423, 438, 446, 458 Joseph L., 398 Josiah, 383, 396 Judea, 376 Judith, 372, 375, 376, 377 Julius, 381 Katherine, 599 Keziah, 374 Lizzie M., 393 Lucinda, 381 Lucy, 381, 386, 392 Lydia, 376, 383, 396, 404, 446, 448 Lydia C, 397 Mary, 371, 373, 374, 375, 376, 382, 38*3, 386, 387, 388, 389, 391, 393, 393, 397, 600 Ma it A., 396 Mary E., 393 Mary F., 404 Mary K., 396 Mary M., 397 Marston, 396 Martha, 375, 378, 379 Matilda, 381 Mehitable, 380, 384, 398, 401 Mercy, 391, 392 Huse, Merriam, 375, 376 Moody, 386, 396 Molly, 379, 380, 383, 389 Moses, 376, 384, 386, 440, 448, 458 Nabby W., 382 Nancy, 382 Nancy P., 398 Nancy V., 386 Nanne, 383 Nanny, 398 Nathan, 373, 378, 380, 381, 391, 458 Nathaniel, 94., 375, 376, 382, 383 Nicholas, 434 Obadiah, 386 Olive, 396 Olive P., 396 Orlando, 396 Pamelia, 392 Paoli, 381, 392 Peggy, 392 Persis, 383 Peter, 426 Rachel, 380, 389, 391, 448 Rebecca, 377, 381, 392, 393, 385 Reuben, 142 Rhoda A., 396 Richard, 433 Richard P., 396 Robert, 384, 459 Roxanna M., 393 Ruth, 371, 373, 377, 382, 383 Salla, 383 Sally, 382, 385, 388, 389, 397 Sally T., 397 Samuel, 372, 376, 378, 379, 380, 383, 388, 396, 397, 437, 448, 459, 460, 556 Samuel A., 404 Samuel I., 397 Samuel T., 404 Sargent, 380 Sarah, 343, 371, 372, 374, 375, 377, 378, 380, 385, 386, 387, 389, 391, 397, 446 Sarah C, 387 Sarah M., 389 Seth, 446 Shua, 396 Simon, 389 Sophia, 397 Stephen, 372, 375, 380, 381, 382, 389, 393, 394, 397, 436, 437 Stephen D., 393 Stephen W., 398 Sukey, 393 Sumner, 396 Susanna, 382 Susannah, 375 Theophilus N, 391 INDEX 633 Huse, Thomas, 265, 3T1, 372, 373, 376, 377, 379, 383, 386, 446, 448, 460 Thomas C, 397 William, 371, 373, 374, 376, 380, 382, 386, 388, 389, 391, 392, 394, 396, 397, 403, 435, 448 William G., 390 William H., 404 William K., 398 Hushes, Peter, 418, 419 Husse, Hussey, 2 Hussey 2 Hutchins, Flora, 366 George D., 366 L., 494 Hutchinson, Gov., 418 Mrs. Anne, 28, 40 Alice, 552 Edward, 79, 80, 82 Elizabeth, 552 Richard, 552 Huy, James, 471 Huxham, Deborah, 453 Thomas, 453 Huxley, Margaret, 551 Wiliiam, 551 Hwfa ap Cynddela, 6, 262 Igguldex, widow, 29 Illinois, Chicago, 207 Hillsboro, 494 Lawrence Co., 463 White Co., 498 Ilsley, Capt, 385 Inches, Henderson, 117 Indiana, 499, 500, 503 Charlestown, 356 Delphi, 495 Indianapolis, 190 Jefferson Co., 478 Importations from England, 1647, 62 Indian College at Cambridge, 102 Indians, 69, 70, 79, 100, 168 Christian, number of, 102; Court of at Coowate, 101 ; defence against, 96; trade with, 44 Indian wars. (See also Cherokee In- dians.) 42, 43, 95, 478, 480, 491, 501 Ingalls, Abigail, 448 Nathaniel, 448 Ingell, Joseph, 457 Ingersoll, Col., 455 George, 450 Ingraham, Jonah, 145 Inhabitants not proprietors, 51 Ipswich, Eng., Port books of, 23 Iredell, Annie, 307 George, 275 Iredell, Helen, 308 Isabella, 275 James, 273, 274, 279, 295, 296, 297, 302, 303, 304 Nelly, 307 Ireland, 413, 423 Iron, houses, galvanized, 232 Iron, manufacture, 66; established in Mass., 64 Iron mines, 60 Iron ore, 45 Iron works, 565 Iron works adventurers, 73 Iron works at Lynn, 202 Iron works, Undertakers of, 64 Ironmongers Company of London, 19 Irwin, Abbie, 363 Jared, 363 Lilias P., 363 Jacobs, Col., 322 Ann M., 189 George, 189 Jackson, Ma.j., 476 Edward, 13 George, 450 George E., 228, 232 John, 101, 103 Mary, 114 Michael, 394 Thomas, 420 James, son of Edward, a negro, 114 William, 428 Jameson, Grace, 452 Hannah, 448 Jane, 495 John, 448 Robert, 452 Jean, daughter of Edward, a negress, 114 Jebber, a negro slave, 117 Jefferson, Thomas, 478 Jefford, Joseph, 147 Jemison, Capt., 463 Jenkins, Capt., 391 Harriet, 535 John, 585 Martha, 374, 375 Richard, 410 William, 375 Jennings, Thomas, 451 Jennison, Abigail, 406 Lucy, 406 Samuel, 406 Jenny, negro slave, 117 Jerat, Robert, 279 Jethro, an Indian, 101 Jewell, Capt., 390 Juliett, 355 634 INDEX Jewet, Capt., 463 Jewett, David, 438 Elizabeth, 438 Jillson, Abel, 343 Mary, 343 Johnson Family, .500 Johnson, 147 Col., 502 Capt., 467 Abigail, 386 Edward, 26 Elisha, 389 Elizabeth, 389 George, 454 Hannah, 110, 382, 560, 561 Humphrey, 429 Isaac, 496 James, 145, 147, 148, 561, 585 Jenne, 568 John, 27, 36, 41, 44, 46, 49, 55, 60, 71, 74, 76, 468 Joseph, 126, 127, 562 Mary, 111, 468, 498, 560 Nicholas, 375 Peter, 560 Rachel, 389 Rebecca, 560, 561 Samuel, 87, 111, 316, 321, 382, 504, 560, 561, 562 Sarah, 375 Sophia, 397 William, 148 William P., 232 Johnston, 308 Hannah, 275 Isabella, 275, 309, 310 Johnstone, Jennie, 143 John, 275 Samuel, 296, 298, 301, 304, 309, 310 Gov. Samuel, 275, 279 Johonnot, Daniel, 321, 411 Jolly, Capt., 486, 491 Benjamin, 491 Jones,' 166, 254 Anne, 25 Cadwallader, 275 Charles, 465 Debby, 422 Edward, 419, 422 Helen I., 367 Henrv A., 367 Isabella, 275 John Paul, 274, 275 Lewis, 25 Martha, 462 Rozina, 465 Sarah, 462 Theodore, 465 Thomas, 296 Thomas N., 182 Jones, Willie, 301 Jordan, Francis, 586 Josias, Wompatuck, an Indian, 102 Jouatt, Matthew, 471 Judah, Theodore D., 573, 580 Judson, Charlotte C, 356 Lizzie, 356 L. Carroll, 265 Marv, 356 Solon, 356 Thomas, 356 Julian, John, 121 Kade, Drury, 484 Keayne, Robert, 40, 41, 71 Keen, Abel, 459 Keep, Capt., 426 Keith, James, 395 Kelley, Abbie, 365 Charles, 365 Etta, 365 Gladys, 365 Harry, 365 Igene, 365 John, 365 Perry, 365 Richard, 458, 460 Ruth, 365 Kemball, Henry, 105 Kemble, Thomas, 61 Kendall, Charles W., 228, 232 Kendrick, Sarah, 425 Kenney, John, 138 Samuel, 107 Kent, Richard, 374 Kentucky, 498, 499, 500 Cynthiana, 357 Flat Rock, 499 Henderson, 488 Lincoln Co., 482, 483 Pulaski, 490 Wayne Co., 490 Kepler, William, 498 Kerr, Martha, 494 Kester, Thomas S., 495 Kidder, Lydia H., 151 Killworth," Edmund, 108 Elizabeth, 108, 122, 123, 557, 558, 559 Matthew, 108 William, 100, 108, 122, 557, 558, 559 Kimball, Caleb, 372, 385 Daniel C, 444 Ebenezer, 374 Henry, 105 Jane,* 124 Martha, 374 Rosanna, 493 Sarah, 372 INDEX 635 Kimball, Thomas, 61, 124 Kincaird, Xancy, 501 Kind, Arthur, 410 Jane, 410 King Philip's War, 95 King, Abigail, 429 Daniel, 153 Daniel P., 526 John, 130 Thomas, 429 Thomas Starr, 243 King's Mountain, Battle of, 487 King's Province, 82 Kingman, Susanna, 150 Kingston, Ontario, 146 Knapp, Capt., 413 Knight, Benjamin, 334 Richard, 95, 99 Knipe, Bartholomew, 586 Peter, 585 Knott, John, 586 Knowlton, Col., 438 Knox, Col., 349 William, 426 Laborers. Wages of, 45, 57 Laboratory, The, 394 Lack, James, 463 Lackey, Abigail, 124 Ladd," Elizabeth, 388 LaFayette, Gen., 474 Lake, Capt., 56 Lamb, Col., 438 Isaac, 55 Man-, 92, 93, 99, 100 Thomas, 25, 60 William, 92, 93, 99, 104, 105 Lambert, Samuel, 13 Lamson, Capt., 406 Mary, 351 Lamprey, Delia C, 396 Land Bank, 316, 321 Landon, James, 503 Lane, Levi C, 253 Langley, Harriet O., 224 Morgan W., 224 Myrtle, 224 Larcom, Lucy, 547 Larned, Ruth, 137 Lash, Ann P., 477 William A., 477 Lassell, Caroline, 210 Last Spike, 578 Latham, Milton S., 581 Latimer, arms of, 557 Christopher, 556, 558 Jane, 556 Lawson, Elizabeth, 567 George, 567 Lawton, Bulah, 484 Lathrop, see Lowthroppe, Lothrop. Arms of, 512 Amy, 513 Amv G., 195 Anna M., 195, 260, 507, 513 Ariel, 195 Catherine P., 195 Charles G., 195, 263 Daniel S., 195 Dver, 195, 513 Elizabeth, 515 Harriet M., 195 Henry C, 195 Horace, 343 Israel, 514 Jane, 195 Jane A., 513 Jane E., 195 Jedidiah, 513, 514 Jennie S., 263 Jennie W., 195 John, 195, 262, 515, 516 Mary, 514 Rebecca, 514 Robert, 516 Samuel, 514 Thomas, 515 Tiena D., 195 Leach, Eunice, 437 Jeremiah, 437 Leager, Hannah, 409 Leavens, John, 31 Leavenworth, Col., 490 LeBour, Louis, a pirate, 120 Lech ford, Thomas, 60 Ledger, Capt., 466 Lee, Daniel, 347 Jesse, 154 John, 390 Morris, 344 Sarah T., 344 William, 408 Leeds, Susannah, 184 Leftwich, Capt., 476 Legg, Capt., 556 Marv, 556 Leigh,* William, 501, 502 Leland, 233 Leland Stanford, Jr., University, 195, 261 Lenwood, James, 11 Lewis and Clark Exposition, 242 Lewis, 403 Lewis, A. N., 232 Charles, 471, 482 Francis, 274 Isabella, 13 Sir John, 13 Leverett, Hudson, 97 636 INDEX Leverett, John, 561; Gov. John, 9T, 100; letter of Charles II to, 97 Lindly, John, 136 Little, Col., 463 Elizabeth, 375 Moses, 388 Lincoln, 214 Abraham, 214, 574 Earl of, 37 Susan M., 214 Link, J., 501 Listin, Emily, 355 Littlebury, Capt., 477 Livermore, Daniel, 445 Livingston, Col., 486 Noel B., 117 Lochart, James, 279 Locomotive, first built in California, 242 Locomotive, first built in Oregon, 242 Lodge, Jane, 269 Logan, James, 268 London, Guilds of, 19 citizens of, 19 Friends' records at, 266 Ironmongers' Company of, 19 Port books, 23 Lossing, B. T., 265 Lothrop, see Lowthroppe, Lathrop, Rev. John, 515 Lothropp, Samuel, 514 Lottery, 114 Louisburg, N T . S., 146 Louisiana, 496 New Orleans, 465 Union Parish, 465 Louther, William, 471, 480 Lovell, Capt., 348 Betsy, 382 Loveless, William, 486 Low, a pirate, 120, 121 Lowder, William, 112 Lowthroppe, John, 195, 516 Robert, 516 Thomas, 515 Loyalists, 139, 331, 418 Lucas, Capt., 476 Luddam, 429 Ludgate, Mr., 317 Ludlow, Lt., Gov., 35 Roger, 52 Luscomb, John, 561 William, 401 Luther, John, 453 Nathaniel, 453 Lvford, 400 Lynch, Col., 487 Lynde, Simon, 13 Lyscom, Ebenczer, 561 Lyscom, Hannah, 561 John, 561 Mary, 561 McCain, Mary, 503 McCallers, Mathew, 485 McCarty, A., 502 MacCartee, Agnes, 470 McChesnev, James, 365 Mvra P., 365 McClarv, David, 398 McCley* 168 McCloy, 169, 172 McCoiinell, Mathew, 445 Samuel, 446 McClure, Robert, 211 Ruth, 211 McCobb, Col., 452 McCrearv, William, 495 McCulland, Jannet, 451 McCulloch, Henry E., 295 M (Cully, Lawrnce, 232 McDonald, Ann, 355 Benjamin, 355 Columbus, 355 Hiram, 355 Louisa, 355 Maria, 355 Martha, 355 Olive, 355 Olive M., 355 McDugal, Gen., 141 McDougal, Gen., 341 McDougall, Alexander, 466 McDowell, 487 Gen., 472 McGaffv, 174 McGill, Capt., 498 McKall, John, 437 McKenzie, Rev. Dr., 261 McLane, Eliza, 360 McLaughlin, Capt., 446 McMichael, Eunice G., 360 Fannie E., 360 George C, 360 George R., 360 Gretchen, 360 Henrv E., 360 Mary' H., 360 McNav, Barbara, 357 McNaught, M., 497 McNeil, Hector, 485 McNitt, Barnard, 130 McPherson, George, 504 Robert, 259 McRee, Griffith L., 303 McRiver, Capt., 496 Maban, Col., 463 Macenter, 533 INDEX 637 Maddox, Virginia K., 517 Magistrates, 46, 52 Maguire, Capt., 497 Maine, Augusta, 360 Belfast, 392 Biddeford, 450 Charlotte, 493 Cushonage, 428 Hermon, 493 Hewes Point, 392 Islesboro, 381 Kennebec River, 428 Kittery, 451 Merrymeeting Bay, 428 North Yarmouth, 452 Pepperrellboro, 451 Pownalboro, 452 Saco, 440, 450 Waldoboro, 360 Wiscasset, 362, 452 Malcom, Col., 462, 466 Mai Ion, James, 394 Manderson, Robert, 441 Mann, Capt. Sabin, 133 Widow, 127 Deborah, 113 Ebenezer, 460 Gideon, 359 Jemima, 359 Jeremiah, 314, 328, 348 John, 409 Olive, 314, 328 S., 132 Sabin, 135 Sarah, 113 Simeon, 136 Mansfield, Maj., 529 Capt., 538 Andrew, 148 Manson, Jane G., 333 Lewis C, 333 Manufacturers, subsidies to withdrawn by Mass., 45 March, Daniel, 375 Mary, 375 Marck'land, Capt., 495, 496 Marion, 491 Marks, James, 476 John, 470, 471 Marrabel, Edward, 470 Marsh, Althea, 185 Charles, 249, 573, 581 Lucius B., 179 Manuletta, 364 Sarah, 151, 179 Thomas H., 179 Marshal, duties of, 47 Marshall, Col., 426 Francis, 109 Frank, 109 Martin, Gov., 304 Marston, Joseph, 479 Olive, 396 William, 72 Maruith, daughter of Ynes, 6 Mary, Queen of Scots, 551 Maryland, 69, 495, 496; regiment, 134 Mason, Ames, 132 Charity, 482 Ebenezer, 132 Henry C, 489 Irenea A., 489 James E., 489 Capt. John, 52 John, 132 Marinda, 489 Martha W., 489 William, 489 Mason, William, 489 Massachusetts, Amesbury, 380, 389 Attleboro, 345 Beverlv, 145, 401 Blanfo'rd, 426 Block Island, 42 Boston, 23, 24, 25, 33, 35, 50, 52, 53, 56, 71, 72, 80, 93, 105, 114, 115, 123, 124, 126, 320, 332, 335, 337, 351, 357, 360, 361, 362, 381, 385, 394, 406, 410, 421, 529 Braintree, 64, 74, 102, 367 Brimfield, 129, 145 Cambridge, 31, 45, 48, 50, 52, 360, 437 Charlestown, 25, 48, 50, 52, 412 Chelmsford, 408 Chesterfield, 426 Concord, 48 Danvers, 145 Dedham, 48, 135, 412 Dorchester, 25, 48, 50, 52, 53, 433 Dorchester, Xew Grant, 314, 315 Dunstable, 408 Fitchburg, 426 Foxboro, 348, 369 Franklin, 360 Gloucester, 402, 408, 431 Grafton, 384 Granville, 426 Groton, 404, 443 Harvard, 381, 392 Haverhill, 397, 448 Hingham, 428 Ipswich, 35, 52, 381, 403 Lawrence, first Sunday-school in, 202, 229; Lawrence St. Congrega- tional church, 229 Lexington, 405, 430 Lowell, 526 Lynn, 35, 52, 64, 145, 403 Lvnn End, 147, 153 638 INDEX Massachusetts, Lynnfield, 153, 155, 161, 518, 526, 566; company in War 1812, 152; church at, 524; erection of Methodist church at, 155; factories, 147; library, 175; old mill, 150 Maiden, 145, 221; Rifles, 221; Sal- vation Army in, 223 Marlboro, 98, 100 Marblehead, 145 Medfield, 123, 124, 136, 384 Med ford, 362, 408 Methuen (see Descendants of Abel Huse) 381, 382, 393 Montague, 426 Natick, 100 North Abington, 176 North Reading, 182, 526 Newbury (see Descendants of Abel Huse), 145, 371, 379, 398, 402 Newburvport, 386, 388, 396 Plymouth, 428, 431 Quinnebaug, 86, 94 Raynham, 520 Readinjr, 147, 153, 206, 408 Rehoboth, 425, 454 Rochester, 431 Roxburv, 24, 26, 52; records of, 27, 28; free school, 27, 53, 54, 55; lo- cations in, 28; estates, 28; dwell- ings in, 1640, 29; proprietors of, 29; extent of, 29; church mem- bers in 1635, 33; train-band, 39; Latin school, 54, 55 Rovalston, 133 Russell, 436 Salem, 30, 35, 37, 49, 52, 145, 147, 317, 400; church members in 1635, 33; free school, 56; train band, 39; records of, 50 Salisbury, 311, 384 Saugus, 35, 64, 565 Scituate, 428, 514 Sherburne, 123 Springfield, 404 Stoneham, 227 Stowe, 404 Sturbridge, 130 Sudbury, 48, 404 Sutton, 98, 384; grant of, 103 Taunton, iron works at, 64 Truro, 432 Wachusett, Mt., 96, 100 Watertown, 48, 52, 405, 430 Wenham, 53, 145 Wessaguscus, 52 Westfield, 436 Weston, 406 Weymouth, 52 Williamsburg, 426 Massachusetts, Williamstown, 425 Wrentham, 124, 315 Massachusetts Bay, Gov. and Co. of, 33; surrender of charter de- manded, 37; General Co\irt, 34; depreciation of property, I64O, 44; freemen (q. v.) of, 22, 32, 40; land grants, 29; Military Co., 41; military organization, 39; popu- lation of, 1634, 33; proposed re- sistance to the home government, 35; troops, 1759, 146 Masters, Sarah, 332 Masury, Margaret, 547 Mather, Increase, 317 Mathews, Myra, 176 Permelia, 500 Maverick, 557 Elizabeth, 419 Moses, 420, 558 Nathaniel, 419 Remember, 420 Mavberry, Capt., 452 Mayers, 'Arietta, 210 Mavhew, 58 Maxwell, Gershon, 189 Mary, 185 Thompson, 338 Mazatlan, Mexico, 174 Meacham, John, 347 Mead, Michael, 493 Meade, 30 Med ford, 52 Medley, I., 500 Meigs,' Gen., 499 Mellen, Col., 460 Menard, Daniel, 449 Mercer, 473 John F., 472 Meredith, Col., 476 Merrick, Moses, 383 Ruth, 383 Merrill, Eunice, 451 John, 444 Messenger, Daniel, 345 Esther, 345 Mary, 345 Susanna, 345 Metcalf, Lt., 136 Methodist Church in Mass., 154 Mexico, Journey across, 166 Miantonomo, 70, 78 Michigan, Grand Rapids, 206 Hastings, 363 Springport, 357 Middleton, Arthur, 274 Mary, 278 Miles, Benjamin, 12 Elizabeth, 12 INDEX 639 Miles, Rev. Joseph, 12 Miliquet, Margaret, 130 Military officers, how elected, 42 Militia,' 138 Milner, 333 Milton, William, 31 T Miller, Elizabeth, 417 E. H., 249, 581 Francis, 460 James, 338 M., 498 Stephen, 455 Mills, 539 Dr., 200 D. O., 236 Edgar, 581. Mrs. Susan, 200 Susan L., 200 Mills College, 191, 200 Campanile, 200, 201 Cyrus T., 200 Mines, discovery of, 44 Minnesota, Minneapolis, 207 Mississippi Company, 170 Missouri, 501 Cooper Co., 479 Platte Co., 477 Mitchell, 150, 336 Abigail, 398 Robert, 482 Monopolies granted bv General Court, 44 Montague, S S., 249, 581 Monteath, Harriet, 195 Montgomerv, Rebecca, 424 Robert, 424 Moody, Eliezer, 107 John, 446 Sarah, 386 Mooers, Edmund, 458 Moor, Daniel, 446 Moore, Col., 440 Capt., 461 Ann, 477 Catherine, 407 Charles W., 407 David, 396 Edmund, 460 James, 484 John, 446 Mathew, 477 Olive P., 396 Steven, 489 Moors, George A., 228 More, J. O., 342 Morecock, Thomas, 585 Morey, Daniel, 94, 106 Israel, 142 Morgan Line of Steamships, 233 Morgan, 233 Col., 478 Gen., 491, 497 Charles Poe, 220 John, 422 Haynes, 476 Helen L., 220 Lillie F., 220 Thelma Scott, 220 Morrell, Isaac, 55 Morrill, Caleb, 488 Jonathan, 393 Morris, Ann, 363 Dwight E., 363 J. O. 342 Richard, 39, 60, 72 Robert, 274 Morrison, Bradbury, 389 Betsy, 334 Daniel, 389 Robert, 398 Sally, 334, 389 Wiliiam, 334 Morse, Betty, 328 Elizabeth,' 314 Ella, 189 Hannah, 375 James, 182 Joseph, 376 Joshua, 132 Lydia, 376 Maria, 132 Mary, 132 Mary E., 219 Noah, 314, 328 Parker, 374, 375 Moses, 532 Mottey, Rev. Joseph, 148, 155 Mott,'Capt., 466 Moulton, Hannah, 380 Jonathan, 380 Josiah, 436 Rebecca, 436 Muncreef, Abigail, 484 John, 484 Mudd, Anthony, 98 Mudge, Daniel, 351 Joanna, 351 Mulford, Thomas, 586 Mumford, William, 101, 103 Munjoy, George, 450 Munro, Mary, 454 Murphy, 340 Murray, Sarah, 482 Murrel, Capt., 496 Museum, Golden Park, 201 Leland Stanford, Jr., 199 Mills College, 200 Myers, Frank E., 262 Mynne, Francisca, 6 640 INDEX Mvnne, Nicholas, 6 Myrick, Mary, 376 Nader, Garrett, 467 Namocock, 80 Nancy, daughter of Edward, a ne- gress, 114 Narragansett Proprietors. See Ather- ton Co. Proprietors of the, 79, 80 Indians, 70, 96 Natascott (Higham), 52 Natick Indians, 101, 102 Navy, American, 274, 298, 301, 340, 341 Secretary of, 302 in Revolution, 369 Nay, Frank W., 362 George M., 362 Ira A., 362 Mary G., 362 Naylor, Peter, 203, 232 Neal, Louis, 426 Thomas, 426 Neale, Deborah, 411 Nealy, Col., 491 Ned, negro slave, 117 Needham, Arthur, 163 Molly, 163 Negroes, 114, 117 Neil, Jesse, 490 Nelson, Charles, 141 Nevin, Capt., 466 Nevada, 577, 578 Newcomb, Elizabeth, 423 Newdigate, Hannah, 13 Isabella, 13 Nathaniel, 13 Sarah, 13 Newell, Abigail, 333 Increase, 52 New England, Council for, 32 Migration to, 21, 22, 32 religious element in migration to, 21 ships trading for, 22 Newhall, 167, 170, 173, 522 Asa L., 159 Eli, 534 Joseph, 455 Lucy E., 224 New Hampshire, Amherst, 445 Bath, 441 Bedford, 96, 116 Chester, 398 Derryfield, 395 Dover, 45, 441 Dunbarton, 446 Enfield, 389 Epping, 390, 391, 448 Exeter, 72, 440 New Hampshire, Goffstown, 448 Hampstead, 378, 448 Haverhill, 441 Kingston, 378, 440, 448 Lempster, 143 Littleton, 389 Londonderry, 414, 441, 447 Lyme, 130, 137; records of, 130 Manchester, 448 New Boston, 116 Newcastle, 451 Newchester, 387 Newington, 448 Or ford, 138 Henniker, 448 Plaistow, 378, 442, 444 Plymouth, 445 Portsmouth, 45, 314, 440, 450 Richmond, 344, 349, 359 Sanbornton, 389 Sandown, 447 Strafford, 391 Stratford, 444 Strawberry Bank, 45 Swanzey, '348, 349, 350, 359, 366, 408 Temple, 324 Weare, 396 Windham, 398, 447 New Jersey, troops, 135 Newark, 134 New Salem, 69 Salem, 266 Newman, Samuel, 384 New York, Albany, 507, 513 Brooklyn, 366 Harmony, 363 Hebron, 437 Lansingburgh, 190 Lebanon, 135 Lima, 442, 444 Mavfield, 363 Mayville, 363 Mendon, 494 Pom fret, 141 Richfield, 334, 335, 336, 337, 338 Richfield Spa, 366 Richfield Springs, 364 Schenectady, 365 Schuyler, 494 Springfield, 346, 358 Stedman, 363 Ticonderoga, 135, 146 "Warren, 364 Nichol, Ebenezer, 459 Nichols, 540 Col., 141 Isaiah, 536 Lydia, 160 INDEX 641 Nichols, Moses, 398, 447 Rebecca W., 176 Robert, 134 William, 536 Nicholson, Col., 466 Major, 134 Joseph H., 496 Susannah, 401 Nipmug Country, 93, 96, 100, 101 Noble, James, 436 Non-Importation agreement, 286 Norden family, 123, 555 Arms of, 557 Abigail, 556 Benjamin, 555 Elizabeth, 555 Goody, 95 Hannah, 93, 555 Isaac, 556 Joanna, 555 Joseph, 555 Joshua, 556 Man', 556, 557 Nathaniel, 93, 94, 107, 121, 122, 555, 556, 558 Samuel, 95, 555 Sarah, 555 Susannah, 555 Norman, Thomas, 75 Norris, Rev. Mr., 53 Nicholas, 451 North, Alsa C, 333 John, 456 Northern Pacific Railroad, 244, 254 Northend, Hugh, 555 Northup, Blanch, 185 Charles W. s 185 Emily B., 185 George T., 185 Richard C, 186 Norton, Francis, 67 Jerusha, 314, 328 Norwood, Sarah, 359 Noyes, 394 Anna L., 404 Nathaniel, 334 Rebecca, 334 Nowanit, an Indian, 101 Nurse, Nathaniel, 145 Oakes, Edward, 48 Urian, 48 Oberammergau, 261 Odlin, Elisha, 38 Offley, David, 60 Ohio, 500 Adams Co., 495 Antwerp, 493 Cincinnati, 175, 496 Ohio, Cleveland, 494 Clinton Co., 495, 499 Gallia Co., 478 Jackson Co., 474 Neville, 496 Paulding Co., 493 Scioto Co., 474, 495 Shelby, 495 Springfield, 498 Utica, 471, 497 Washington, 498 Old Planters, 50, 51 Old, Capt., 497 Benjamin, Jr., 130 Oldham, 400 George, 489 John, 489 Oliver, Abigail, 561 Elizabeth, 503 James, 56, 61, 71, 99 John, 13, 41 Peter, 13 R., 426 Thomas, 560, 561 Olnev, Jeremiah, 453 Onslow, Arthur, 13, 20 Baron, 20 Ord, Gen., 251 Orleans, 172 Orne, John, 147, 150 Samuel, 147, 149 Oregon Steam Navigation Co., 242 Oregon's first locomotive, 242 Oregon Pony, The, 242 Osborn, Edmund, 356 Helen G, 356 Louisa E., 356 .Mabel E., 356 Osburne, Sarah, 401 Osgood, Benjamin, 382 John, 457 Judson R., 190 Otis, Harrison G, 419 Overacker, Carrie, 356 James, 356 Overland Pony Express, 250 Overland railroad, completion of, 251 Overland routes, 571 Owsa Gwynedd, 263 Pacific Railroad, 251 Pacific Newspaper, The, 250 Packer, Jesse, 130 Page, S., 342 Rowena, 548 Paige, Enoch, 386 Marv, 386 Pain, Robert, 76 642 INDEX Paine, Hannah, 127 William, 403 Palace Hotel, San Francisco, 23 Palmer, Capt., 486, 491 Sarah, 397 Panama, 233, 571 Papillion, Peter, 120 Parcher, Elias, 448 Katherine, 448 Park, Betsy, 344 Morris, 344 William, 77 Parker, 106 Lt., 390 Abigail, 322, 328 Althea, 185 Augustus A., 185 Charlotte, 397 Daniel, 322, 328 Dinah, 392 Eleazer, 392 Elizabeth, 185 Elsa, 185 Frank Augustus, 185 Gideon, 459 John, 428 Lois, 181 Mary E., 185 Rebecca, 392 Richard, 41, 474, 475 Thomas, 428 Parks, Anna, 355 Donald, 355 Horace, 355 Josiah, 436 Louisa, 355 Parraz, Mex., 170 Parsons, Capt., 501 Widow, 148 Ebenezer, 155 Emily, 176, 520, 537 Nabby, 208 Ruth, 560 William, 560 Partridge, John, 450 Pastow, Emblme, 546 Patrick, 39 Capt. Daniel, 59 Patten, David, 395 Patton, Sarah, 489 Patterson, James, 447 Hannah, 447 Paucatuck, 79 Pawley, John, 585 Pawtuxet, 69 Paxton, J., 501 Peabody, Col., 378, 379 Alice C, 209 Alice H., 209 Dorothy, 175 Peabodv, Enoch, 208 John* Capt., 390 Lawrence H., 208 Lawrence P., 209 Mable L., 209 Marion C„ 209 Mary C, 155 Stephen, 391 Susan, 208 William L., 162, 208, 209 Peacock, Ann, 364 Pearce, 267 Pearson, 127, 525, 526 Peas, John, 95 Pease, 389 Lt., 341 Peaslee, Eliza, 448 Pedrick, Roger, 267 Peirse, Capt., 400 Pelton, Capt., 466 J. C, 511 Pell, Edward, 557 Pendleton, Col., 480 Penland, Capt. 472 Penn, James, 36, 52 William, 273 Penne, Bucks, Eng., 550 Pension declarations (see pages 399 et seq., 493, etc.) : Absolom Hughes, 470 Benjamin Hewes, 349 Daniel Hewes, 346 Edward Hughes, 470 Eleven Hughes, 357 Elias Hughes, 471 George R. T. Hewes, 339 John Huse of Sanbornton, 390 John Huse, 398 Isaac Huse, 394 Samuel Huse, 378 Samuel Huse of Kingston, 378 Samuel Huse, 388 William Huse, 391 Pennsylvania, 301, 495, 497, 498 Carlisle, 498 Lancaster, 463 Marion, 462 Rush, 497 Pentelow, Martha G., 356 William J., 356 Pepper, Eliza, 401 Pequots, expedition against, 42 Perdue, 486 Perkins, Capt., 437, 503, 529 A. S., 523 Alexander T., 142 Annie S., 177 Catherine, 177 Charles A., 176 Deacon, 524 INDEX 643 Perkins, Frances O., 1T7 George C, 177 Harland A., 176 John, 94, 177, 421 John H., 177 John W., 177 Mary, 94, 100, 122, 123, 556, 557, 558, 563 Nicholas, 586 Rachel, 268 Remember, 420, 421 Rosa A., 176 Sarah, 94, 97 Sarah H., 208 William, 60, 563 Perrv, Arthur, 41 Huldah, 314, 328 Person, Emily, 538 Peter, 545 Elizabeth, 545 Rev. Hugh, 53, 60 Margerie, 545 Pettingell, John, 376 Judith, 376 Peyton, John, 473 Phelps, Joane, 545 T. G., 581 Philbrick, Shua, 396 Philbrook, Alice, 208 Carrie A., 207 Clarence G., 208 David S., 207 George W., 207 Wallace H., 208 Phillips Academy, Andover, 228; li- brary, 229 Phillips, Hannah, 409 Henry, 41 Moses, 401 Sarah, 401 Thomas, 112, 422 Phippeny, Deborah, 113 Israel, 113 Sarah, 113 Piambow, an Indian, 101, 102 Pickering, 236 Pickney, Col., 497 Pierce,' Capt, 364, 413 Frances, 364 James P., 200 Martha, 407 Sarah J., 364 Schuvler, 364 William, 476 Pike, 346 Pile, Hannah, 278 John, 277, 278 Joseph H., 277, 278 Piles, Robert, 267 Pillings Pond, Lynnfield, 147 Fillings, Jonathan, 147, 150 Pillsbury, Capt., 140 Pioneer, The, locomotive, 242 Piper, Mary, 402 Pipkins, Capt., 503 Pirates, 119, 120 Pitman, 425 Pitt, William, 558 Pittimel, Andrew, Indian, 102 Pittime, John, 101 Pittman, William, 119 Pittom, Elizabeth, 104 John, 104 Pitts, John, 109 Plaisted, John, 458 Plantagenet, Edmund, 550 Plantations, how settled, 51 number of, 1633, 52 Plimpton, Capt., 132 Lt., 135 Plvmpton, Ezekiel, 135 Plymouth Colony, 428 Poindexter, Ann, 131 Pollard, Benjamin, 113 Deliverance, 410 John, 60 George, 60 Poole, Capt., 412 Lt., 500 Pollok, Mrs., 307 Pond, Rev. — , 243 Oliver, 346 Ponv Express, 572 Poor, Col., 379, 447 Gen., 139 Abigail, 386, 387 Abigail J., 386, 387 Adelaide S., 367 Charles G., 367 Clarence H., 367 Harriet, 367 Henrv, 386, 387 J., 385 Joseph H., 387 Marv A., 367 Marv B., 367 Sally, 387 Virginia S., 367 Pormont, Elizabeth, 555 Philemon, 53, 555 Port books of London, etc., 23 Porter, Anna, 356 Alexander, 474 George, 356 Love, 552 Lvdia, 547, 552 Olive H., 364 Samuel, 552 Post, Jeremiah, 141 644 INDEX Potter, Phoebe, 364 Potts, Richard, 105 Potwine, John, 420 Pow, William, 450 Powell, Benjamin, 503 Henrietta, 485 Lavina, 496 Robert, 472 Powis, princes of, 6 Prask, 100 alias Wampus, Ann, 100 Pratey, Andrew, 558 Pratt, Edward, 101, 103, 104 Charles, 163 Chloe, 343 Daniel, 343 John, 211, 586 Preble, Col., 457 Prendergast, Antoinette, 356 James H., 356 John H., 356 Presbyterian church in Calif., 258, 259 Presbyterians in Calif., 243, 244, 245 Prentice, Samuel, 384 Preston, Margaret N., 131 Pressy, Charles, 380 Molly, 380 Price, Arthur, 585 Ezekiel, 332 Walter, 112 Prichard, Hugh, 55 Prior, Sarah J., 365 Prince, 166, 167, 172 Heirs, 348 Gov., 428 John, 417 Printing-press and type, first in N. E., 56 Printz, Gov., 69 Pritchett, Margery, 92 Privateers, 275, 340, 341, 347 Privatt, H. C, 279 Proctor, Edward, 417 Elizabeth H., 417 Joseph, 447 Polly, 447 Promontory Point, 576 Property, depreciation of, 44 Providence, privateer, 275 Pumham, 70, 71, 78 Purchase, Capt., 49, 71 Thomas, 428 Puritan party in England, 21 Putnam, see Puttenham familv, 550, 554 Daniel, 211 Eben xiii, 545, 553 Elizabeth, 552 Francis, 551 Putnam, John, 551, 552, 574 Henry, 551 Gen. Israel, 130, 551 Israel, 435 Lydia, 547 Margaret, 551 Nathaniel, 551, 552 Nicholas, 550, 551 Phoebe, 547, 550, 552 Priscilla, 551 Richard, 551 Rufus, 394, 395 Gen. Rufus, 136, 551 Thomas, 551 Puttenham, Herts, Eng., 550 Puttenham, 550 Agnes, 550 Alina, 550 Edmund, 551 Galo de, 550 George, 551 Sir George, 551 Henry, 550, 551 Henry de, 550 John de, 550 Richard de, 550 Sir Roger, 550 Robert, 550 Simon de, 550 Wale de, 550 Walter de, 550 William, 550, 551 Pyle, Esther, 268 Pynchon, William, 25, 52 Quakers (see Friends), 431 in Calif., 259 Quansagomack, 98 Quarterlv Courts, 45 Quebec, 146 Quimbv, Capt., 378, 379 Quincy, Elizabeth, 127, 128 Samuel, 128 Quinnebaugh, Quinabaug, 86, 94 Quinsigamond Pond, 98 Raisixs, 259 Raleigh, Sir Walter, 274 Ranger, Abigail, 567 Rankin, Harvev, 365 Lily B., 365 Rasbach, Fanny H., 358 Rawlins, Benjamin, 374 Nicholas, 374 Thomas, 25 Ray, Caleb, 323 Deborah, 323 Raynolds, Emily, 368 INDEX 645 Read, Benjamin, 329 George, 274 Jacob, 347 Sarah, 417 Thomas, 36, 417 Redding, B. B., 581 Reed, Col., 132, 346 Rev. Mr., 523, 524 Cloe, 454 Elizabeth, 122, 123, 558 James, 532, 533 John, 109, 122, 454, 558 Joel, 347 Samuel, 210 Sarah, 416, 417 William, 405 Reid Brothers, of San Francisco, 248 James, 329, 446 James W., 248 Merritt J., 248 Rennick, Maj., 478 Renton Coal Mines, 254 Reynolds, Capt., 489 D., 379 W. A., 232 Rhea, Samuel, 488 Rhode Island, 69, 70 Aquidnessett, 79 Barrington, 454 Kingstown, 79 Lonsdale, 190 Narragansett Bay, 69 Newport, 453 Paucatuck, 79 Pawtuxet, 69 Providence, 454 Shawomet, 70, 71, 78 Rochester, (Kingstown), 79 Warwick, 70 Westerly, 82 Wickford, 71, 79, 82; troubles, at, 83 Rhodes, William, 225 Rice, Lucv, 129 Marv, 130, 141 Robert, 61 Richards, 540, 560 Alice B., 205 Capt., 457 Charles F., 206 David E., 205 Edward, 119 Fannie, H., 205 Francis T., 206 George, 521 George C, 152, 205, 523, 525, 532, 536, 539. George L., 205, 220 Grace, 206 Helen R., 220 Jeremiah, 145, 458 Richards, John, 97, 102, 120, 428 Lucy A., 205, 521, 523, 525, 531, 532, 536, 539 Mary, 435 Richard, 586 Richardson, 518 Capt., 336, 501 Miss, 225 Alice G., 362 Amos, 78, 80 C, 346 Caleb, 340, 347, 348 Edward G., 362 George E., 361 Isabel, 176 Phebe S., 366 Moses, 538 S., 348, 422 Stephen, 347 Susan M., 361 Wyman, 366 Rideout, Dolly, 393 Rilev, 496 Ritchie, Albert M., 211 Effie H., 211 Katie M. W., 211 Nettie H., 211 Rose L., 211 Rose M., 211 Roach, 333 Roberts, 12 John, 55 Robertson, Enoch, 346, 347 Jean, 192 William, 192 Robeson, Elizabeth, 568 Joseph, 568 Robbins, Betsey, 211 Charlotte, 39*3 Daniel M., 393 Robins, John, 586 Robinson, 167 Capt., 380 Christopher, 585 Col., 133 Helen R., 220 Isaac, 426 Obed, 342 Robert, 558, 581 Roswell R., 220 Robishaw, Mary, 314, 328 Rode, John, 586 Rogers, 30 Major, 309 Abraham, 415 Ezekiel, 77 Gamaliel, 415, 416 Jane, 415 Jean, 415 646 INDEX Rogers, John, 76 Katherine, 77 Lydia, 415 Margaret, 76 Nathaniel, 75, 77 Peter, 379 Samuel, 76, 77 Sarah, 415 Simon, 416 Timothy, 77 William, 385 Romanoek, Sachem, 100 Rooke, George, 402 Root, Blanch, 185 Rose, Roger, 409 Rosier, John, 585 Ross, George, 393 Rebecca, 393 Roswell, Sir Henry, 32 Rosyer, John, 585 Rounday, 520 Rough and Ready Company, 170 Rowe, Abigail, 435 Allen, 227 Stephen, 435 Rowlee, Anna, 355 Caroline, 355 Earl, 355 Ernest, 355 Jane, 355 John, 355 John C, 355 Julia, 355 Virgil, 355 Royal, Isaac, 110 Royal Commissioners, 81 Royser, John, 585 Royston, Herts, 4, 9, 11, 19 Rucker, Capt., 480 Ruffe, H. S., 496 Ruggles, Col., 455 George, 31 Samuel, 38 Rule, Margaret, 317 Runnell, Capt., 398 Russell, Ann, 373 Benjamin, 533 Elizabeth, 184 Judith, 482 Levi, H., 520, 533 Mary, 482, 483 Polly, 482 Samuel, 110 William, 482 Rutherford, 463 Gen., 472, 485 Rutherun, Rachel, 490 Ryan, E. Black, 581 Sabia, an island, 120 Sabin, James, 425 Warren, 499 Saceneneco, 70 Safford, H. K. P., 578, 581 Sage, Sarah, 200 Salt, manufacture of, 44 Salter, Charles C, 232 Saltonstall, Sir Richard, 52 Richard, 69, 145, 460 Salvation Army, 223 Sampson, Benjamin, 526 Sanborn, Andrew, 333 J. Andrew, 333 Elizabeth, 333 Nathaniel N., 333 Sarah, 333 Solomon H., 333 Sandborn, Abijah, 355 Alice, 355 Arthur, 355 Calista, 355 Eliza, 355 Jane, 355 Juliett, 355 Mary E., 355 Sadie, 355 Volney, 355 Sanderson, F. W., 581 Isaac, 407 Lucv, 407 San ford, Capt., 500 Robert, 95 Sankikan, 68 Sanxay, Frederick, 354 Mary, 354 Sard, Anne, 185 Sargent, Col., 394, 401 A. A., 573, 574, 581 Adelaide J., 366, 367 Alice, 381 Anna H., 367 Arthur H., 366 Dorothy, 384, 393 Edith A., 366 Elijah, 395 Elizabeth, 380 Emilie, 366 Emilie H., 366 George D., 366 George W., 367 Joanna, 366 John, 384, 393 Joseph, 380 Margaret, 366 Maria, 366 Marie, 366 Mary A., 367 Marv W., 367 Paul D., 395 Rachel, 380 INDEX 647 Sargent, Tappan, 366 Virginia A., 367 Sassomitt, Simon, an Indian, 103 Satle (see Sawtell) Savage, Maj ., 92, 409 Habijah, 119 Thomas, 75, 95, 96, 102 Sawtell, John, 405 Ruth, 405 Sawyer, Priscailla, 211 Scammell, Alexander, 445 Scarburgh, Edmund, 585 Sehaff, Philip, 255 Schaiek, Goose van, 466, 467 Schoolmasters, 45 School, Collection of funds in England for, 55 Schools, establishment of, 53, 54 Schuyler, P., 467 Scott, Gen., 476 Rev. W. A., 246 Cecill, 355 Frank, 355 John, 81, 355 Stella, 355 Scottow, John, 413 Scudder, Elizabeth, 515 Scruggs, Capt., 503 Seal, of Joshua Hewes, 87 Searl, William, 130 Searles, Mrs., 262 Sears, Marv, 371 Thomas, *371 Seattle Coal Co., 253, 254 Seaver, William W., 352 Seccomb, Jane, 124 Richard, 124 Sedgwick, Maj., 65 Robert, 41, 67, 99 Selby, Thomas, 422 Selden, Maj., 514 Selectmen, 33 Selleck, David, 62 Sellers, Horace W., 355 Seneca Indians, 491 Servants, 30 Sevear, Valentine, 471 Sever, Abigail, 318 Shubael, 319 Sevier, Capt., 484, 487 John, 472 Sewall, Samuel, 111 Seward, H. L., 369 Secretary, W. H., 251, 252, 577 Sexton, Samuel, 424 Shailer, Rachel, 435 Shakespeare, 551 Shalford, Essex, 10 Shannon, 533 Sharp, George, 214 William H., 214 Sharpe, Samuel, 39 Shattuck, 254 George O., 228 Shaw, 75 Eleabe, 219 Emelie M., 219 Mary E., 219 Sarah, 486 Shawe, Abraham, 45 Shawnee Indians, 487 Shawomet, 70, 71, 78 Shay, Anson, 141 Shead, Col., 493 Sheafe, Jacob, 74 Shedd, Lucretia, 361 Samuel A., 361 Susan A., 361 Shelby, 487 Sheldon, Arthur T., 365 Martha G., 365 William, 74 Shell, H., 497 Shelton, J., 502 Shepard, Amos, 139 Lewis, 348 Olivia, 348 Sheppard, Col., 413, 426 Samuel, 315 Sheerness, Ship of War, 417 Sheriff, Martha, 434 Thomas, 434 Sherman, Daniel, 145 William, 581 Ship Grand Monarch, 390 Griffin, 23, 515 Norfolk, 233 Whiddo, 121 Shields, Jane, 195 Jane A., 513 Shrimpton, Samuel, 75 Shrvmpton, Henry, 74 Shute, 533 Sibley, -, 401 Sigourney, Daniel, 414, 415 Sikes, William, 295 Silly, Benjamin, 328 (Sealey), Sarah, 328, 329 Simonds, Francis, 537 Simmons, J. B., 190 Simpson, Anne, 185 Edward M., 185 George, 185 Howard S., 185 Jane, 424 Mary, 185 Sims, Zachariah, 454 Sinclair, 484 648 INDEX Sinclair, William, 120 Sizer, John, 475 Skinner, Samuel, 152 Slaves, 114, 117 Slegg, 109, 110 Sloan, Samuel, 415 Small, Lydia, 547 Smedley, Capt., 341 Smith, Arthur, 586 Family, 563 Capt., 426 Col. J., 135 Prof., 229 Abigail, 493 Abraham, 563 Amos, 563, 564 Asa, 563, 564 David, 563 Deacon, 524, 534 Eleazer, 563 Elizabeth, 563, 564 Frances, 585 Frank M., 200 Hannah, 108 J., 132 James, 103, 406, 428 Jesse, 564 John, 101, 563, 564, 585 Levi, 533 Lois, 181 Louisa, 151, 181 Martha, 495 Mary, 151, 412, 547, 548, 563, 564 Nathan, 563, 564 Nathaniel, 547, 548 Richard, 78, 80, 81, 83, 84 Robert, 276, 295 Ruth, 564 Sarah, 563 Stephen, 563 William, 181 Smith's Trading House, R. I., 78, 79 Snyder, Frank, 365 Mabel, 365 Martha M., 359 Nora, 365 Zela, 365 Somerby, Sarah, 388 Somers, Capt., 488 Somes, John, 385 Southcot, Thomas, 32 Southern Pacific Ry., grant of water front by Oakland, 257 Southworth, Thomas, 428 Sowers, J. H., 500 Spaulding, L., 446 Spence, Mary A., 353, 360 Spencer, Col., 476 Gideon, 470 Spencer, Thomas, 6 William, 41, 58 Spenser, Gen., 347 Spike, The Last, 571, 576 Spink, Robert, 84 Spinney, Eliza J., 151 George, 151 Sprague, Homer B., 232 James, 383 Persis, 383 Sprege, Olivia, 586 St. Paul's, Boston, 95, 97 Shadwell, London, 266 Stabblefield, Capt., 476 Stacy, Elizabeth, 424 Thomas, 340 Stak, John, 447 Stamp, Capt., 496 Stanbank, John, 267 Standard, Thomas, 6 Standish, Miles, 367, 400 Stanford University, 195, 199 A. P., 249, 581 Jane E., 195 Leland, 195, 201, 236, 249, 251, 252, 508, 573, 575, 576, 577, 578, 579, 580, 581 Leland DeWitt, 195 Leland, Jr., Museum, 199 Stanley, Ella H, 363 Solomon, 346 Stanton, Capt., 474 Thomas, 80, 83 Stark, Gen., 141 John, 446 Starling, Nancy, 488 Steamship Crescent City, 233 Unicorn, 233 Steamships, Morgan line of, 233 Stearn, 237 Stearnell, Richard, 585 Stearns, Ezra S., 389 Hannah, 343 Joshua, 343 Stebbins, 30 John, 76, 77 Steevens, Thomas, 586 Stephen, King, 553 Sterns, John, 405 Stevens, Gen., 134, 476 Dr., 525 Rev., 154 Annie, 177 Dorothy, 314 Elizabeth, 383, 438 James, 402 John, 311, 312, 314 Mary, 318 Mary K., 396 INDEX 649 Stevens, Samuel, 316, 318 Timothy, 316, 321 William, 36 William M., 230, 231, 232 Stewart, Senator, 230, 231 Stickney, Col., 446 Anthony, 455, 459 Stillman,'j. D. B., 581 Stilwel, Elias, 438 Stirling, Lord, 134 Stoddard, 56 Stone's Meadow, Lynnfield, 147 Stone, Almira, 343 Eliab, 180, 211 Francis M., 180 John, 428, 433 Mary, 433 William, 433 Storrer, Melancthon, 232 Stoughton, 102 William, 100 Stowe, Thomas, 41 Strahan, James, 557 Streeter, Abigail, 131 Strieker, Daniel, 334 Stringer, Lydia, 128 Strong, Leo, 61 Strowbridge, J. H., 580 Sturdivant, John, 585 Sullivan, Gen., 140, 308, 341 Sullivan, Richard H., 478 Sumpner, Katherine, 74 Sumpter, Thomas, his election as partisan leader, 491 Sumner, Benjamin, 334 Mercy, 334 Sallie, 334 Summers, Sir George, 185 Emily, 185 Sundav School, first at Lawrence, Mass., 202 Sunday School Library, first in Calif., 204 Surcum, Richard, 124 Surcumb, Jane, 124 Surrinam, 119 Sutton, Mary, 111, 561, 562 William, 111, 562 Swain, Benjamin, 151, 524 Betsey, 151, 186 Caroline 151 Clarissa, 151 Howard, 151 John P., 176 Lizzie P., 176 Marv, 151 Oliver, 151, 156, 225, 226, 524, 526, 531, 533, 535 Rosa A., 176 Swain, Ruthe, 151, 156, 518 Swedes on the Delaware, 68 Sweetman, Thomas, 410 Sweetser, 518 Catherine, 177 Swett, Charlotte, 206 Lavinia, 206 Samuel, 206 Sophia, 206 Swinford, James, 486 Sybthorpe, alias Huse, 7 Symmons, Thomas, 119 Symms, Mary, 407 Symonds, Thomas, 586 Symons, Thomas, 586 Tabb, Philip, 473 Taft, Mary, 344 Nathan, 344 Robert, 101 Talcott, North, 465 Talbot, Jean, 406 Hannah, 406 Roger, 406 Tallbut, Jean, 406 Tanning industry in Boston, 319 Tapley Family, 545 Family reunion, 263 Genealogy, 202 Tomb, 157, 263 Aaron, 548 Ann M., 549 Betsy, 548 Charles, 545 Clarissa, 153, 549 Edward, 545 Eliza W., 548 Elizabeth, 547 Emblme, 546 Fellows, 226 Friswide, 546 George, 158 George F., 226 George W., 548 Gilbert, 545, 546, 547, 550, 552, 554 Gustavus, 226 Harriet S., 563 Jesse, 153, 160, 215, 548 Jesse F., 548 John, 547 Joseph, 151, 153, 532, 538, 546, 547, 548, 554, 564 Josias, 546 Julian, 546 Lucy, 549 Lydia, 547 Margaret, 547 Margarie, 545 Man-, 151, 547, 549, 564 650 INDEX Tapley, Miranda, 549 Phebe, 550, 552 Phoebe, 547 Phoebe P., 548 Philip, 545 Polly, 548 Rowena, 548 Ruthe, 548, 550, 554 Sarah, 547, 548 Sarah, A., 549 Stephen, 545 Thomasine, 546 Titus, 546 William, 547 Tappen, John, 457 Tarbox, Mary, 149 Tariff, the, 227 Tarleton, Col., 473, 491 Tash, Col., 398 Tate, Wadsworth, 463 Taylor, 167 Capt., 487 Archibald, 487 Betsv, 406, 407 Elizabeth, 567 Hannah, 150 John, 406, 407 Richard, 134 Samuel H., 228 William, 87, 585 Zaehary, 234 Taxes, collection of, 46, 47 Teal, Abigail, 454 Tehauntepec, 233 Temple, 444, 523, 527 Alice B., 362 Robert, 460 Ten Eyck, Sally, 359 Sarah A., 358 William, 358 Tennessee, 472, 502, 503, 504 Blount Co., 484 Green Co., 472 Lawrence Co., 489, 490 Lincoln Co., 490 Maury Co., 489 McMim Co., 484 Sullivan Co., 487, 488 Tenney, Elizabeth, 397 Tenny, Josephine H., 208 Terise, Nicholas, 60 Tew, Elizabeth, 113 Henry, 113 Mary, 113, 117 Tewksbury, Henry, 558 Tewxsbery, 555 Texas, 503 Jasper Co., 495 Thatcher, Samuel, 48 Thatcher, Thomas, 424 Thawyt, Alexander, 428 Thayer, Richard, 102 Sally, 359 Thayre, Capt., 136 Richard, 101 Thissell, Ann, 568 Thoman, Arthur G., 177 Ethelind F., 177 Evelyn M., 177 Thomas, Benjamiin, 211 Betsey, 211 Helen M., 189 John, 491 Lavinia, 211 Mary Ann, 211 Pauline, 211 Ruth, 211 Thompson, Capt., 488 Gen., 308 Abigail, 434 Elizabeth, 569 George, 476 John, 434, 451 Joseph, 145 Phillis, 569 Robert, 97, 100 Roger, 476 Samuel, 569 Sarah, 482 William, 569 Thompson's Island, 53 Thrall, Nancy A., 494 Threeneedle, Bartholomew, 410 Demaris, 410 Throckmorton, Francis, 551 Sir John, 551 Margaret, 551 Thurman, Allen G., 295 Ticknor, John, 79 Tie, Laurel, 578 Tiffany, Hosea, 347 Thomas, 347 Tiken, Capt., 502 Tilden, Hannah, 447 Thomas, 447 Tilly, 323 Tilton, P., 447 Tingley, 343 Tipton, Jacob, 484 Titabe, an Indian, 401 Titcomb, Capt., 390 Col., 348 Tocomino, 80 Todd, Rev. Dr., 578 Thomas, 586 Toppan, Abraham, 374 Jacob, 374 Mary, 375 INDEX 651 Toppan, Sally, 397 Samuel, 375, 457 Sarah, 373, 374 Toppesfield, Eng., 11 Tories, 308, 341, 478, 489, 491 Towles, Elizabeth, 469 Stokeley, 469 Town, A. N., 214 Town system of New England, 33 Towns, development of, 49; incorpora- tion of, 47; local government, 50; magistrates in, 52; meetings, 50, 51; military officers in, 52; origin of, 49; proprietors, 50, 51; pru- dential affairs, 52; residents in "warned," 123 Townsend, 539 Hannah, 437 Harriet E., 210 Nathaniel, 437 Townsmen, 33 Trade, 57, 58, 59 Trading Co. incorporated, 69 Train bands, 37, 138 Trask, 39 William, 52 Tray (Indians), 101 Anthony, 101 Ephraim, 101 Thomas, 103 Tom, 101, 102 Trerice, Nicholas, 61, 62 Trenton, Battle of, 134 Trescott, Marv, 15 Tritle, F. A., 578, 581 Trumbull, Edwin B., 228 Trumbull, frigate, 436 Tryon, Gov., 309 Tuberculosis in Lynn, 156 Tucker, Fluvilla B., 364 Lizzie, 179 Marv, 557 Mary A., 225, 226 Sarah E., 210 Tupper, Col., 452 Turner, Col., 380 Capt., 58, 430 Emily, 419 James, 190 Nathaniel, 52 Richard, 60 Robert, 421 Sarah, 421 Sophia N., 419 William, 456, 457 Tustin, First Presbyterian Church, 258 Tuttle, David, 437 Lydia, 435 Tuttle, Noah, 435 Twelve, Abigail, 318 Edward, 318 Judith, 318 Twichell, Joseph, 16 Twigg, Gen., 496 Tyler, Pres., 228 Tyley, Samuel, 119 Twiss, Sally, 164 Tynge, Edward, 48 Tyngrie, Sibilla de, 553 Ulmer, Capt., 451 Uncas, 70 Underhill, 39 Mrs., 406 Capt. John, 41, 42 Robert, 190 Underwood, Alexander L., 219 Elizabeth, 405 Fannie H. A., 219 Helen A., 219 Union Pacific R. R., 250, 251, 571, 574 Upham, Tamson, 149 Upton, Arthur, 165 David G., 165 Hannah E., 165 Lucia, 165 Marv F., 165 Paul H., 165 Usher, 87 Utah, Ogden, 576 It lev. Amy, 438 John, 438 YanBuren, Daniel, 355 Helen C, 356 Louisa E., 356 Louisa J., 355 Mary E., 355 Martha G., 356 Vandenburg, F. L., 580 Vanderbilt, Commodore, 233 Vanderling, Charles E., 232 VanMeter, John, 495 Van Schaick, Goose, 466, 467 Van Vliet, Cynthia B., 205 Varnum, Ovid, 340 Vather, Capt., 467 Vaughn, Col., 314 Verbeck, Sarah M., 389 Vermont, Averill, 443 Canaan, 442 Essex Co., 442 Maidstone, 443 Milton, 350, 449 Newbury, 441 Orange,' 391 Putney, 378 652 INDEX Vermont, Waterbury, 391 Vernon, Ind., 493 Viers, Gilson, 500 Bowman, 152, 164 Sally, 164 Sarah J., 164 Vigilance Committee, 240 Villard, Henry, 241, 244, 248 Virginia, regiments, 134 Virginia, Settlers in by name of Hewes, Hughes, 599 Virginia, 62, 134, 402, 463, 468, 500, 501, 504 Abingdon, 503 Amherst, 474 Black Walnut, 480 Botetourt Co., 479 Brunswich Co., 476 Charles City, 479 Campbell Co., 504 Charlotte Co., 481 Clarksburgh, 471 Culpepper Co., 480 Fayette Co., 479 Fluvana Co., 476 Gotchland Co., 474 Hampshire Co., 478 Hanover Co., 475, 479 Harrison Co., 479 Kingston, 473 Jackson Co., 480 Jefferson Co., 477 Prince William Co., 479 Lunenburgh, 482 Orange Co., 480 Overwharton parish, 470 Powhatan Co., 477 Richmond, 362 Washington Co., 488 Westmoreland Co., 474 Winsburg, 134 Virginia, West, 501, 502 Vosburgh, Rev., 217 Wabax, an Indian, 101 W r ade, N., 390 Wadsworth, Gen., 514 Wages, 57, 58 Wait, Nathaniel, 444 Waite, Benjamin, 142 Deborah, 323, 425 Wakley, Daniel, 450 Walch, Patrick, 340 Waldron, Grace, 6 Wales, 462 Wales, princes of, 263 Nathaniel, 72 Walker, widow, 87 Col., 346 Walker, Abigail, 127, 128 Dexter H., xiii, xvi, 265, 273 John, 128, 129, 427, 488, 489 Joseph, 128, 129 Lucy, 128 Mary, 417 Oliver, 128 Priscilla, 128 Reuben, 128 Richard, 41, 417 Sarah, 128 Susannah, 128 Walkup, John, 500 Wallace, 463 Capt., 340 Walton, 166, 167 George, 274 Shadrack, 451, 455 Walworth, James C, 342 Wampus, Ann, 95, 97, 99, 100 John, 93, 95, 97, 100, 101, 102, 103 Warbleton, John de, 551 Margaret, 550 Thomas de, 552 William de, 552 Ward, James, 56 Rev. Nathaniel, 56 Ware, Benjamin, 321 Daniel, 314 Jerusha, 314 Mary, 314, 321 Nathaniel, 451, 455 Olive, 314 War, King Philip's, 95 Queen Anne's, 104 of 1812, 483, 493 Warner, Capt., 438 Alonzo, 213 Celia G., 213 Daniel, 441 John, 98 Nicholas, 98 Ruth, 213 Warning by Towns, 123 Warren, Hooper, 334 Dr. Joseph, 318 Mary, 318 Washington, Col., 491 Augustine, 468 George, 298, 308, 468 Mary, 468 William, 485 Wasson, John, 341 Waterman, Richard, 73 Waters, Capt., 236 Henry F., 9, 468 William C„ 166, 167, 171, 174 Watrus, Mary, 357 Watson, Capt., 426 INDEX 653 Watson, J. R., 581 Jennie S., 263 Walter C. R., 263 Webb, Christopher, 102 Henry, 65, 560 Sarah M., 142 Weber, Thomas, 428 Webber, Harriet, 354 Thomas, 560 Webster, Prof., 525, 526 Anne, 382 Hannah, 373 Israel, 373 Jacob, 378, 379 John, 440, 455 Mary, 372 Stephen, 395 Wedding A, of 1779, 139 Welch, 428 Benjamin, 581 Weld, Capt. Joseph, 27 Rev. Thomas, 25, 28, 29, 56, 60 Joseph, 41, 46, 55, 56 Thomas, 27, 28, 29, 55, 76, 77 Well, Richard, 585 Wellington. Catherine C, 407 Samuel, 407 Wellman farm. Lynfield, 147 house, Lynnfield, 150 Family, 565 Wellman, 148, 565, 566, 567 Abigail, 566, 567 Abraham, 147, 148, 149, 150, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570 Ann, 143, 568 Anna, 568 Elizabeth, 565, 566, 567, 568, 569, 570 Hannah, 566 Isaac, 565, 566 Jacob, 143, 566, 567, 568 James, 566, 567 Jedidiah, 150 Jennie, 143 Jenne, 568 John, 567, 568 Jonathan, 148 Lulu, 364 Martha, 567 Marv, 565, 566, 567 Mehitable, 567 Sarah, 565, 566, 567, 568 Stephen, 149, 150, 565, 566 Thomas, 148, 565, 566, 567 William, 565 Wells, Francis, 414 Horace, 354 Sarah, 387 Sarah H., 354 Welsh, 435 Nathaniel, 480 Welstead, William, 556, 557 Wendell, Jacob, 332 John, 457, 458 Wentworth, Alice, 261 Edith H, 361 Edward S., 361 Horace, 361 Lucretia W., 361 Lydia G., 361 Wesson, Col., 384 West, Ammi, 211 Charles E., 211 Francis E., 211 George H, 211 Lavinia, 211 Rose L., 211 Thomas P., 180, 211 Westbrook, Thomas, 452, 459 Weston, Col., 395 Susan, 208 West Reading Academy, 227 Westwood, William, 48 Wethersfield, Essex, 10 Wevman, Lucv, 392 William, 392 Wheaton, Laban, 344 Whedon, Grace, 435, 436 Wheeler, Lt., 134 Abijah, 378 Moses, 342 Rev. O. C, 243 Wheelock, Col., 135, 348 Wheelwright, John, 460 Whetcomb, Simon, 32 Whiddo, ship, 121 Whig Party campaign, 228 Whipple, Amelia, 354 Elizabeth, 354 Emily, 354 Francis J., 354 George M., 339, 354 Harriet, 354 John, 76 Julia, 354 Mary, 354 Olive, 354 Olive B., 354 Preserved, 334, 354 Sarah H, 354 Stephen, 456 Sumner, 354 William, 274 Whitcomb, Jonathan, 329 White, Daniel, 502 Ellen, 366 Emilie H, 366 Garrett, 486 Hannah, 314, 317, 327 654 INDEX White, Henrietta, 363 Henry, 304 Rev. John, 32 John, 428 Isaac, 314, 317 Mary, 502 Polly, 502 Ralph H., 366 Samuel, 498 Simeon, 486 Rev. William, 277, 294 alias Wampus, John, 97 Whiting, Mr., 403 Col., 435 Capt. M., 133 Capt. Samuel, 437 Lyman, 229 Whitsett, Emily, 498, 499 Joseph, 499 Whittemore, Aaron, 406, 407 Dorothy, 384 Lucy, 406, 407 Whittier, David, 382, 394, 395 Mary, 382 Whittredge, Lydia, 159 William, 524 Wiatt, Bartholomew, 265 Wicker, Adelbert A., 205 Adele H., 205 Alice B., 205 Cynthia B., 205 Ira B., 205 Richard Van V., 205 Wier, Lorilla, 363 Wiggin, Laura A., 206 Wilder, 214 Capt., 133 John, 354 Wiley, 540 Capt., 401 Benjamin, 159, 160 Eli, 549 Eliza, 208 Frederick, 520 Jacob, 208 Lucy, 549 Nabby, 208 Samuel, 153 Samuel, 549 Wilks, a pirate, 119 Will, curious, 325 Willard, Josiah, 113 Willett, Thomas, 80 Willey, S. H., 244 William, Gibbon, 190 an Indian, 101 Joseph, 456 Williams, 49, 71 Capt., 484 Williams, Ann, 411 G., 348 James, 120 John, 429 Joseph, 145, 457, 458 Joshua, 109 Martha, 192 Mary, 473 Roger, 69, 70, 78 Samuel, 14, 472 Thomas, 470 Williamson, Capt., 477 Gen., 491 James, 585 Secretary, 97 Willmarth, Capt., 336 Wdloughbv, John, 387 W ilson, Lt, 349 Senator, 574 A., 501 Agnes, 447 Benjamin, 350, 471 Elizabeth, 104 Everett, 162 James, 447 Jane, 447 Rev. John, 75, 76, 78 John, 447 Nancy E., 490 Sarah, 350, 447 Thomas, 502 Windsor Castle, 552 Wingate, Col., 378, 379, 446 Winn, Ann M., 189 Edward, 189 Henrietta J., 189 William, 189, 469 W T inslow, 37 Gen., 460 John, 116 Josias, 80 Kenelm, 367 Samuel, 44 Winston, Joseph, 477 Letitia D., 477 Winter, Benjamin, 125 Hannah, 111, 115, 117, 122, 123, 125, 558, 559 Mary, 125 Samuel, 125 Stephen, 111, 122, 125, 559 Winthrop, Adam, 61 Gov John, 23, 24, 31, 32, 35, 52, 428, 560 John, Jr., 40, 52, 60, 64, 66, 78, 97 John Still, 129 Stephen, 61 Wisconsin, Kennawha Co., 443 Wise, Joseph, 76 INDEX 655 Wiswall, John, 76 Witchcraft, 317 Salem, 400 Witt, Benjamin F., 499 Wittor, Abigail, 425 Wittredge, George, 520 William, 520 Woampus, alias Wampus, Old, 101 John, 101 Wolf, Minnie, 356 Wolfe, Gen., 146 Woodbury, John, 52 Joseph T., 208 Josephine H., 208 Woodcock, Abigail, 350 Jonathan, 350 Woods, Richard, 425 Woodson, Capt., 477, 485 Woodward, I. D., 476 Woody, John, 28, 84 Richard, 76, 99 Woolen Mills at Lynfield, 147 Woolridge, 58 Woolsev, Theodore, 228, 231 Work, Mr., 230 Worth, Anne, 269, 270, 272 Benjamin, 270 Elizabeth, 270 Giles, 269 James, 270 Joseph, 269, 270, 272 Mary, 269 Providence, 270, 272, 273 Samuel, 270, 272 Sarah, 269, 270 Ursulla, 270 William, 270, 272 Wright, Rev. Mr., 534 Milcah, 99 Miriam, 137 Rozina, 465 William, 465 Writs, Clerk of, 47 Wyard, Robert, 97 Wyeth, journey to the coast, 250 Wykeham, William de, 552 Wyles, Judith, 318 Wyman, Simeon, 425 Wynkoop, Col., 467 Wyre, John, 586 Yabsley, 545 Yale, College, 231; student life at, 232; Class of '52, 232 Yaney, Capt., 474 Yeager, Althea, 185 Yeales, Timothy, 409 Ynes, King of Gwent, 6, 7 Young, 521, 527, 528, 530, 539 Col., 496 Betsy, 483, 527 Clara A., 207 George W., 207 Sir John, 32 Joseph, 489 Marv, 454 Rebecca B., 207 Thomas, 483 William, 233 William W., 207 William S., 207 Zippora. negro, 420 SUPPLEMENTARY INDEX Names omitted in above Bailev, George P. 601 Marv, 601 Barrett, Ann, 601 Birkenhead, John, 601 Blakeley, Michael, 601 Carr, Hazen, 602 Roxana, 602 Chapin, Lydia, 602 Chelmsford, Eng., 601 Crabtree, Hugh, 601 Mary, 601 Crosbie, Marie, 601 Foote, Richard, 601 Freeman, Sarah, 602 Fuller, Olive 601 Harvye, Judith, 601 Hewes, Dewane, 602 Frank, 602 Frank W., 602 George R. T., 601 Lt. Joshua, 601 Lydia, 602 Moody, 602 Newton, 602 Norman, 602 Olive, 601 Roxana, 602 Sarah, 602 656 INDEX Hewes, Shubael, 601, 602 Susan, 602 Susan L., 602 Walter, 601 William W., 602 Hooker, Rev. Thomas, 601 Sarah, 601 Hurlbutt, Susan, 602 Jegons, Tace, 601 Jones, Joan, 601 Lynne, N. H., 602 Lebanon, N. H., 602 Matroon, Koxana, 602 Strafford, Vt., 602 Terlings, Eng., 601 Thompsonville, Conn., 602 Welde, Rev. Thomas, 601 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below injerlioxary S EPl9 1958 ~r;. «B9 HON = l96& APR 6 1987 4! INTBRiilBRARY LUAAS OCT 1 7 1963 rUUK WEEKS FROM OAIE NON-«ENEWABL£ RECEI MAIN LOAN P/ED DESK OCT 2 4 t<364 A.M. 7181 91101111121 1 W w tiW!> Form L-9-15m-7,'32 OF Mcein P.M. 212141516 8$k UC SOUTHERN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY AA 000 710 121 5 t PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE THIS BOOK GARDEN ^UIBRARYdfc . ^OJITCHO^ University Research Library !■ 732 W. 6th