,C. K. OGDEN 
 
 THE LIBRARY 
 
 OF 
 
 THE UNIVERSITY 
 OF CALIFORNIA 
 
 LOS ANGELES
 
 .
 
 I
 
 ^ 
 C?c 
 
 Nottingham/hire. 
 
 THE County of Nottingham, 
 called by the -Saxons, bnoC- 
 renKaham-rcype, and by 
 us, Nottingbarrrfiire, takes its 
 Name from the chief Town 
 of it, Nottingham. It is bounded on the 
 North by Yorkjbire, in which Bautrte, a 
 Marlcer-Town, is, which Hands upon the 
 Confines of it, and is parted from it by a 
 fmall Rivulet that runs into the Idle ; on 
 the Weft by Darby hire ; on the South by 
 ILeifcJferJhirt ', and on the Eaft by the 
 County of Lincoln. Dr. Fuller fays, that 
 he does not remember, that any County 
 in England betides this is bounded with 
 four intire Shires only, without any Par- 
 cels of other Shires intcrpofing, and thofe 
 towards the four Cardinal Points. It is 
 an inland County, and in the Diocefe of 
 York. The Length of it from North to 
 South is about thirty-fix Miles, and from 
 Eaft to Weft feventeen or eighteen ; fo 
 that the Circumference of it is a Hun- 
 dred and ten Miles with fbme, but ninety 
 with others, and in it are contained a 
 Hundred and fixty-eight Pariflies,of which 
 nine are Market Towns, feventeen Thou- 
 fand five Hundred and fifry-four Houfes, 
 and five Hundred fixty Thoufand Acres 
 of Land, a Hundred and five Thoufand 
 and three Hundred Inhabitants, thirty-fix 
 Miles in Length from North to South, 
 
 and eighteen in Breadth from Eaft to 
 Weft. . 
 
 While the Britain* were Mafters of this 
 Ifland, this County, with Darbyflrire, Lei- 
 cejlerfolre, Lincolnfiire, Northamptorfiire, and 
 Rutl.indflrire, was inhabited by the Coritani, 
 of whom we find no other Account in our 
 Hiftories but that they were conquered 
 by the Romans, who ere&ed Colonies in 
 their Country, as feems evident from the 
 Fofle-way made through it by them, of 
 which a great Part runs thro' this County. 
 viz.. out of Leicefterjhire from Wtmefwould by 
 Willougbby in the W-ouU in Rufidiffe Wapen- 
 take, thro* Bingbam Wapenrake to New- 
 ark Town, and fo thro* that Wapcntake 
 into Lincoln frire, near South Skarle. 
 
 When the Romans left this Ifle, and 
 the Saxons, by the foolilh Management of 
 the British King Vortigern, got the Poflfef- 
 fion of it, this County happened to be a 
 Part of the Mercian Kingdom, and fo 
 continued till King Alfred turned them 
 all into a Monarchy, and became htmfelf 
 King of them. This Shire under him, 
 or at leaft the Saxon Kings his Succeffors, 
 was governed by the Earls of Mercla, of 
 whom we have given a full Account in 
 Nortbamptonjhire. This Shire hath nothing 
 more memorable faid of it in the S*xo* 
 Times, befides what we find in "Domefda^- 
 Bo k, viz.. That in Snottingbamjbire, *f any 
 Perfon fhoxild plough or make a Ditch in
 
 N Off ING HA M SHIRE. 
 
 the King's High-way, ,/*;. the Foffe, or 
 Jloud to York, within two Perchss, he 
 fliould maker Amends by paying eight 
 Pounds,, two Thirds to the Xing, and 
 one ro the Earl, who was in thole Timc.s 
 Officiary, and not meerly Honorary, as 
 he was in Succeeding Age?. 
 
 After the Norman Conqueft, this Coun- 
 
 Hugh de Abrancis Eajl of Cbejter 
 us Earl of Britain and 
 
 ty, as others were, was divided by Willi- 
 am the Conqueror among his great Cap- 
 tains, Kinfmen, and other Followers, the 
 poor Saxon Lords being forced to refign 
 their Pofleflions, whether they hid made 
 any Opposition or no, to the covetous 
 and powerful Viftors, and after this Man- 
 ner he gave to 
 
 Alan Rufus Earl of Britain and Rul, 
 Robert Earl of Morten and Cornwall 
 Wi/tiani Male* Baron of Eye in Suffolk 
 Henry de Ferrers Earl of Darby ... ..... 
 
 Walter D'Eincourt - 
 
 Ralph de Limofi - 
 
 Hugh de Grantmaifnel . -- 
 Goisfrict de- Hanfelin, . 
 
 William the Son of Ralph de Peverel 
 
 Betide* Trade fmens Houfes in Nottingham 
 Hugh de Say of Rl:cards-CaJlle " * 
 
 Roger de Bttilly y or'Bufley, - 
 
 Ralph Fttz-Hnbert - - 
 
 Ralph Enron - 
 
 Tcjli Earl of Nortltimlerland - : - 
 
 Godiv.t Countefs of JMercia - 
 
 Algar Earl of Mer.ia - 
 
 4 
 7 
 * 
 
 
 34 
 8 
 i 
 
 18 
 
 55 
 
 48 
 
 6 
 
 85 
 
 10 
 
 8 
 
 i 
 
 4 
 i 
 
 Betides what he gave to the Sees of 
 York and Lincoln, the Bifhop of Bay tux, 
 the Abbey of Peterborough, and feveral 
 Thanes to hold of the Crown. We Shall 
 now ccme to the Defcription of this 
 Counry more particularly, by giving an 
 Account of every Thing we meet with 
 memorable in the feveral Towns and Vil- 
 Ij-scs of it, in which we nuift own onr 
 Want of fome learned Perfon, whole Cu- 
 riofity hath led him to . fnrvcy it with 
 judgment. Dr. Thorcton hath fufficiently 
 performed his Defign, which appears to 
 us to have been only to give a ^eneotogi- 
 cal Defcent of the Families of this Coun- 
 ty, and their Pofleflions in it, in which 
 he has ihewn much Exattnefs and great 
 Curiofity ; but our Defign being to fearch 
 out theBr/Vf/fc, Roman, and Saxn Anti- 
 quities, and defcnbe rot only Places but 
 Men, yea, every Thing which we can 
 injagirjc will be pfcafing and profitable to 
 ^eadw, KVC ii:(t ofu-n dic.refs fronv 
 
 him to find in other Authors what is 
 fuitablc to onr Purpofe, tho' with the 
 grea.tcr Pains and Indultry ; and muft at 
 laft be forced to lament our Defeats, be- 
 caulc fo few or none of the Curious or 
 Learned, who live in this or other Coun~ 
 ties will be at the Pains to acquaint us 
 with, what is observable in the Places 
 where they dwell, or arc fo near, that 
 they can't be ignorant of them. 
 
 This County, for the more regular Go- 
 vernment of it, is divided after this Man- 
 ner, i. Nottingham is a Town and County 
 of it felf. The reft of the Shire is divi- 
 ded into tix Wapentakes, which are of 
 the fume Nature as Hundreds in other 
 Counties, -viz.. . i* Rufociiff VVapcntake. 2. 
 Birigham Wapentake. 5. Newark Wapen- 
 take. 4- Broxtovu Wapentake. 5. Thur- 
 garton VVapentake. 6. Bafetlaiv Wapen- 
 tttke, which is parted into three Divisions, 
 viz, J. South Clay Division. 2. North- Clay 
 Divifion. 3, HatftM Divifron, of which 
 
 we
 
 NO ? TINGED MSHIR E. 
 
 we fliall treat in Order, with all the 
 Towns and Villages in them, beginning 
 vith 
 
 NOTTINGHAM, the chief Town in 
 the County, and which gives Name to all 
 the reft. The Name is nothing but a 
 foft Contraction of the Saxon Word, 
 Snot ren^a- ham, fo called by the Sax- 
 ons, from the Caves and Paflages under 
 Ground, which the Ancients,' for their 
 Retreat and Habitation, mined under 
 the ftee.p Rocks in the South Parrs, to- 
 ward th'e River Lind, whence it is, that 
 J/er renders the Saxon Word Snorten- 
 a-ham, Speluncamm Domum, and in the 
 
 3 
 
 Brit/jl) Language it is, TV oev kt-, wliicft 
 Signifies the fame, viz. a Houfe of Dens. 
 In Refpe& of its Situation it is a very 
 pleafant Town , there appearing on 
 the one Side, toward* the River L/W 
 very large and verdent Meadows, ai.d 
 on the other Side pretry Hills 01" 
 eafy and gentle Afcent. It is provi- 
 ded plentifully with all Neceflanes of 
 Life, the Fprreft of Sbirewood fupplyiiig ic 
 with great Store of W r ood for Firir.ir, 
 (tho' many burn Pit-Coal, which is of- 
 .fenflve to the Smell) ancl the Rivor 
 Trent with Fifh, according to the old bar* 
 barous Verfc. 
 
 
 
 Limpida Siha focum, Triginta dat mlbi Plfcem. 
 
 Shirewood my Fire doth fupply, and Trent afforis me Fifn to fry. 
 
 The Caftle ftands upon the Weft Side 
 of the City, upon an exceeding fteep 
 Rock. 
 
 This Town is eminent both for its An- 
 tiquity and prefent State, of which we 
 fliall treat in Order. And firft as to its 
 Antiquity, tho* Dr, Thoroton tells us, that 
 all Memoirs of its Original are intirely loft, 
 yet J-ohn Rous of Warwick, the Hiftorian, 
 fays, that the Britijb King, Ebranc, built 
 Nottingham upon a difmal Hill, fo called, 
 fays the Fable, (for fuch we efteem it) 
 for the Grief of the Britain, whom King 
 Humbar made a very great Slaughter of 
 in that Place in the Reign of Albanael ; 
 but pafling by this Account, as not to be 
 depended on, we will now come to fuch 
 ancient Tranfaftions in and about this 
 Town as we have good Grounds from our 
 Hiftorians to believe at leaft probable, 
 viz. The Danes, who frequently vexed 
 this Ifle with their Ravages, came at 
 length to this Town, Anno 852, which, 
 when Eudred the laft King of the Mercians 
 heard, he immediately befieged them, 
 but without Succefs, the "Danes poflefling 
 themfelves of a ftrong Tower, where the 
 Caftle is now fituated ; whereupon (as 
 Ajjer fays) Bttthred King of the Mercftas 
 and his People fent Meflengers ro j,the!- 
 red King of the Weft. Saxons, and to .'Alfred 
 .or Aiund his Brother, humbly intreuiing 
 
 them to aid them, fo that they mi^hr 
 diflodge and vanquim the Danis. Th;-, 
 Requeft they eafily obtained, for "the 
 'two Brothers having drawn together an 
 Army from all Parts of their Kingdom 
 with as much Difpatch as was pomble, 
 entered Merda, and marched to bnor- 
 ten^a ham, unanimoufiy refolving to 
 fight them ; but the Pagans refufed to 
 give them, Battle, fecuring themfelves a 
 while in their ftrong Holds. The Chri- 
 ftians, who befieged them, laboured to 
 batter down their Walls, but nor beln^ 
 able to do that, they held on the Sie^. x 
 fo long, tho' with no very ftrong Attacks . 
 that the Pagans, who were led by Hengxr 
 and Habba, concluded a Peace with the 
 Mercians, and returned home with their 
 Forces. Mr. Cambden reprefents the Ad- 
 ' vantage on the Danijh Part, faying, that 
 the Danes> relying upon the Tower that 
 they had poflefled themfelves of, held 
 out fo long againft the Siege pi'jEfie/rftf 
 and Alfred, that .they rofe and retired 
 without efFeiSing any Thing, whereas 
 the Hiftorian plainly intimates, that tho' 
 indeed the three Kings couid not take 
 the ftrong Hold;the Danes were in, they 
 diftrefled them fo as to leek for Peace 
 and depart. 
 
 But the Danes did not futfer England to 
 
 be quiet longi for ifl Anno 866, the nrft 
 
 A ^ Year
 
 NOTTINGHAM SHIRE. 
 
 Year of King Etbelred's, King of the Wejl- 
 Saxcns, Reign there iirrived upon the 
 Englij}} Coafts a huge Army of Danes, un- 
 der the Conduft of the fame cruel Cap- 
 rains, Hengen and Habha* They firft in- 
 vaded . the Country of the Eajt Angles, 
 and making a Truce with them for a 
 Time, upon certain Conditions, did for- 
 bear their -wonted Depredations there ; 
 but hearing of the civil Broils lately 
 commenced among the Northumbrians, who 
 fought to withdraw their SubjeHon from 
 the Weft Saxons, and fet up a King of 
 their own, they marched further North, 
 and having harrafled the Country as far 
 as York, flew the two Kings of the Nor- 
 tbumbers, with a great Number of their 
 People, and fet York on Fire. Having 
 thus by Terrors fubiettcd the Country to 
 their Will, they fubftituted a King over 
 them, who was to rule over the North 
 Borders beyond the Tine, and then reti- 
 ring into Mercia, came to Nottingham, 
 which they won, and took up their Win- 
 ter Quarters there, but were foon con- 
 ftrained to leave it, and retire into the 
 North, where they had almoft an abfo- 
 lute Dominion, yet by frequent Inroads 
 did afterward get this Town, Lincoln, 
 "Darky, &V. into their Power, and held 
 them till King Edmund recovered them 
 out of their Hands, Anno 940. 
 
 In 'Edward the Confcflor's Days there 
 were a Hundred feventy-three Burgefles 
 and nineteen Villains in this Burrough of 
 tintttirgahan'. Earl Tojl'i had Lands and 
 Houfes here ; and when the Survey re- 
 corded in Dome/day Book was made, (which 
 was in the laft Year but one of the Con- 
 queror's Reigr) Hugh the Sheriff, Son of 
 Fiiz- "Baldric, found here a Hundred and 
 twenty dwelling Houfes, viz* This Hugh 
 had thirteen Houfes, Roper At Bullly had 
 eleven, William Pevtrttt the Earl, Son of 
 Ralph Pevcretf, who came in with the 
 Conqueror, had forty-eight Tradefmens 
 Houlcs, which yielded him thirty Shil- 
 lings /> Annum Rent, fevcn Knights and 
 thirteen Gentlemer.s Houfcs , bcfides 
 eight Borderers, (of which his Honour 
 1 PevtreH confiftcd) Ralph de Eurun 
 had twelve Gentlemen* Houfes, and one 
 Merchant's Honfe ; one Guilbert four 
 Houfcs, /?.?/;& Fiti-Herbert eleven Houfes, 
 Gv. : j/V,'d dc <dfil)t twenty -one Houfes Act- 
 
 dus the Priert two Houfes, and in tli 
 Prieft's Croft fixty Houfes, Richard Frejjle 
 four Houfes, and in the Burrough Ditch 
 feventeen Houfes, which all together a- 
 mount to two Hundred and feventeen. 
 The Reafon why we find no more Inha- 
 bitants in this Burrough is, becaufe many 
 of the Houfes were defertcd after that 
 dreadful Revolution made in England by 
 the Conquror's Invafion. 
 
 Mr, Cambden and Mr. Hoffinfted tell us, 
 that the Caftle here, which is very re- 
 markable for its Strength and Bignefs, 
 was built by William the Conqueror, to 
 bridle the Englijl), who very unwillingly 
 came under his Gbeyfance ; but Dr. Tho- 
 roton, who was a better Judge in this Mat- 
 ter, is pofitive that it was built by Wil- 
 liam de Peuerel. He was bafe Son to Wil- 
 liam the Conqueror ; and it appears, that 
 he had a Licence from that King to in- 
 clofc ten Acres of Land in or near this 
 Town, ad faciendum Pomerium, i. e. to 
 "make him an Orchard, which Quantity 
 'of Land, according to the Forrell Mea- 
 fure, contains about fifty Statute Acres, 
 which is near the Proportion of the old 
 Park at Nottingham, wherein the Caftle 
 Hands. Befides, there is no Mention of it 
 in Domefday-Book, which was made a little 
 before the Conqueror's Death, and cer- 
 tainly it would not have been omitted if 
 it had been in Being, and therefore it is 
 moft probable that his Son built it by an 
 Order and Commifliori from him. William 
 of Newborougb tells us, that it was made 
 fo ftrong both by Nature and Art, that it 
 was elteemed impregnable (except bj^ Fa- 
 mine) if it had a fufficient Garrzfon in it. 
 
 To this William PevereU the Conqueror 
 gave the Earldom of Nottingham, and- the 
 Keeping of Shirewood Forreft, and the 
 Caftle, which he was about to build, or 
 had built (which really was no more 
 than repairing or enlarging the old For- 
 trcf:,) and with thofe Honours divers 
 Lands in this and fundry other Counties. 
 His Son William Peverell fucceeded him in 
 his Eftarc and Honour, and was a Perfon 
 of great Valour and Intereft; for in the 
 Breach that happened between King Wil- 
 liam Rufas and his Brother Robert Duke of 
 Normandy, fiirnamed Cttrtbofe, he with 
 eight Hundred Men beld out the Caftlp 
 
 of
 
 of Helme in Normandy againft Robert, till 
 by a long Siege he was forced to furren- 
 der it. Afterward, in the Reign of King 
 Stephen, Reg. 5. he, being then Sheriff of 
 Nott'uighatnjlnre and Darby, commanded 
 the Forces of the County, and was one of 
 the chief Commanders in that notable 
 Encounter with the Scott near North-Al- 
 verton in Ycrkjbire, called Bettum de Stan- 
 dardo, and worthily fliared in the Vi&ory 
 then obtained by the Northern Barons o- 
 ver thofe bold Invaders ; but foon after, 
 viz- 1 Sttph. fighting ftoutly on that King's 
 Part in the Battle of Lincoln, againft the 
 Forces of Maud the Emprefs, and her 
 Son Henry, he was taken Prifoner with 
 the King, and his Caftle of Nottingham 
 was given by Maud to one of her great 
 Commanders, Ralph PaganeU, or PaynelL 
 He inftigated Robert Earl of Gloucefter to 
 enter into the Town, and plunder it, (the 
 Inhabitants being deftitute of any defenfive 
 Arms) which he did accordingly, and 
 the Town being left to the Mercy of the 
 Soldiers was miferably harrafled, plun- 
 dered, and burnt ; but this bafe Ufage 
 made Way for its Recovery by the old 
 Lord ; for in the next Year he was in 
 the Night-time by a Stratagem let into 
 the Pofleflion of the Town and Caftle 
 again, and fo held them during his Life. 
 His Son William was his Heir, but loft 
 this Honour and Caftle in the firft Year 
 of King Henry II. on this Account. Upon 
 fome Grudges and Difcontents between 
 him and Ranulph de Erlcafard, or M*cinis, 
 the great Earl ofCheJler, he contrived, with 
 many others, by Sorcery and Witchcraft, 
 to kill him which he accordingly effe&ed 
 by poifoning him, which Wickedness, when 
 k came to Light, the King refolved to 
 punilh with an exemplary Severity. Pe- 
 verett feared no lefs, and thereupon fled 
 firft into a Monaftery of his own Foundation 
 at Lenton in this County, and there caufcd 
 himfelf to beftiorn a Monk. However, he 
 could not think himfelf fecure there, and 
 therefore after a while quitted his Habit 
 and fled, leaving all his Caftles and Pof- 
 feflions to the King's Pleafure and Difpo- 
 fal. Some of them continued fome Years 
 after in the Crown, as appears by the 
 Sheriffs Accounts, but at length were gi- 
 
 ven by King Henry II. to his younger Son 
 John Earl of Moreton, who afterward be- 
 came King; but Ibme of his Lands, by what 
 Entails or Settlements we can't find, came 
 to his Daughter and Heir Margaret, who 
 married William Earl of Ferrers and Darby. 
 Robert Earl of Ferrers and Darby was their 
 Son, and being engaged in the Wars be- 
 tween the two Henries, Father and Son, 
 on the Son's Part, after he had done ma- 
 ny fignal Services for him, came fudden- 
 ly with a good Number of Horfemen to 
 Nottingham, which Reginald de Lucy had in 
 in keeping for the King ; he took it, and 
 having driven out the King's Soldiers, 
 that lay in Garrifon in it, burnt the 
 Town, flew the Inhabitants, and divided 
 their Goods among his Soldiers, perhaps, 
 fays Dr. Thoroton, becaufe he efteemcd 
 this Town his lawful Inheritance by his 
 Wife, and fince he could not enjoy it 
 himfelf he was refolved the King mould 
 not, and for that Reafon deftroy'd it. 
 But other Hiftorians fay, it was done to 
 put the Country into fuch a fear as to 
 think nothing could fecure them but a 
 Submifiion to him, which they according- 
 ly complied with. 
 
 Nottinglam for fome Time lay in Afli- 
 cs ; but as foon as King Henry II. was 
 peaceably fettled on his Throne by the 
 Death of his Son, as the Inhabitants uied 
 their utmoft Diligence to reftore their 
 Town to its former Splendor, fb the King, 
 fenfible of what they had fuffered upon 
 his Account, befides the Encouragement 
 he gave them in rebuilding it, granted 
 them a new Charter, direSed, Bftrgenjtbtis 
 de Nottingham, i. e. To the Burgefles of 
 Nottingham, by which he granted them 
 the continued Ufe of all thofe free Cu- 
 ftoms that they had enjoyed in the Time 
 of his Grandfather King Henry I. From, 
 whence it appears, that they were a Cor- 
 poration fome confidcrable Time before 
 this Charter was granted them, and 'tis 
 probable had a Market and paid an an- 
 nual Rent by Way of Farm to'the Crown. 
 jFohn Earl of Moreton, to whom fh 
 Town and Caftle was granted by the For- 
 feiture of WlUlarn Peveret, as I have above 
 fhev^f J, procured fome further Privileges 
 for them, and by a new Charter, which 
 
 "he
 
 HA MS HIRE. 
 
 1-.3 confirmed after he was K.ing, granted 
 all the Advantages that his Father and 
 Great Grandfather had beftowed on them, 
 and further added, G/ldam fidercatoriam, 
 
 a Merchant's Gild or Fraternity. 
 X r nder thefe fcvcral Reigns the Town was 
 governed by n Bailiff, as their -fupreme 
 Magiflrate, and, th.it the King might 
 give the- Town what Advantages he fur- 
 ther could, he kept his Cbriflmas with 
 1\~i'jiam King of Scotland at this Town in 
 the Year 1179, by which the Inhabitants 
 
 the Bcneht'of two Courts at one 
 ie in fome Meafnre. 
 King -Richardl. being gone into the Ho- 
 ly Land to fight againft the Saracens, left 
 Wiliiam LoKtfchantp, then Bifhop of Ely and 
 Lord High Chancellor, Prote&or o'f the 
 'Kingdom. He was very circumfpcti and 
 careful to difcharge his great Office faith- 
 fully, and obferving, that Earl Jnikn the 
 King's Brother behaved himfclf after fuch 
 sn afpiring Manner, that he did juftly 
 fufpeii that he intended to fet himfclf 
 up for Kir,?, he took this Caftlc from 
 him. Earl Jcl-n, being provoked -by this 
 hoftile Act, raifcd fuch a Body of Men 
 as he could make up out of his Friends, 
 "Servants, and Tenants, and marched with 
 them fo Nottingham, to recover it out of 
 the Bifhop's Hands, which he did with 
 no great Difficulty, becaufc Alan de Lee 
 and Peter de Boverwitrt, who among others 
 were put in Trult with the Keeping of 
 this Caftlc by the Bifhop, delivered it np 
 to him upon the Solicitation of Robert de 
 Cvokefioni and Eudo de Duvitte, and foon 
 after got divers other Caltles into his 
 Hands, which he fortify *d for his own 
 Ufu ; yet the Bifhop fo impeded him in 
 his Progrcfs, and made fits Tenure of 
 them fo precarious by his vigorous Oppo- 
 - fition, that Earl JJi found himlelf obli- 
 ged to conclude a Peace with him upon 
 thcfe Terms and Conditions, " That if 
 ' it chanced, that King Richard did de- 
 " part this Life before his Return into 
 " Er.plar.d, not learing any I flue of his 
 *' Body begotten, then the Chancellor, 
 " rcnoonoing' the Appoiptment of King 
 " Ri hard, (who had ordered, that in that 
 11 C^ife his Nephew Arthur, Duke of Bri- 
 " tain t Son of Geffrey, elder Brother of 
 
 " Earl John, ihould be his Heir and 
 " Succefibr) fhould confent to admit 
 " Earl John for the King of England , 
 ' but that in the mean Time Earl John 
 ' fhould deliver xip the Oaftles of Not- 
 * tingham and TitWitt,- to be kept . and^ 
 prefei'ved for the Ufe and Behoof of 
 ' King Richard, that upon his Return he 
 ' might do as he pleafed with them. 
 But this Agreement was not Jong obfer- 
 ved ; for when King Richard returned he 
 found this Caftlc in his Brother's Hands, 
 and put into the Keeping ci fuch of bis 
 trufty Friends and Followers-- 'as ret\ifed 
 to reflgn it to him ; whereupon Kiag Ri- 
 chard went and beiieged it in Perfon. 
 The Befieged were refolute, and flood 
 out three Aflkults ; but at three Days 
 End they were forced to furrender the 
 Place and themfelves 'at Difcredon to 
 him. The Conltable of it -at -this Time 
 was William de Vendeval, who was taken 
 Prifoner with the reft of Earl Johns chief 
 Friends, viz.. Ralph de Montbegun, Ralph 
 Murdacy Philip of Worcejler, and his Bro- 
 ther Ralph of Worcejler, On the Morrow 
 after this Rendition the King went to 
 Cltyjlone, end from thence rode into the 
 Forreft of Shireivood, where he had never 
 been before, and was greatly pleafed 
 with the View of it. 
 
 In April 1194, 6 Rich, i. King Richard 
 called a great Council or Parliament to 
 fit in this Town, at which Eleanor the 
 Queen-Mother, King Henry II's Widow, 
 amited, fitting at the King s Right Hand. 
 Roger Bigod, Earl of Ncrfolk y and many 
 other Nobles attended the King at it ; 
 but we do not find what Bufinefs was con- 
 hilted at it. In the fifteenth Year of King 
 John\ Reign we obfcrye, that that Prince 
 commanded twenty eight young Welch 
 .Gentlemen, who had been left with him 
 as Hoftges for the peaceable Behaviour 
 of their Countrymen, to be hanged here, 
 becsuifc the Welch had broken out into a 
 Rebellion, and falling upon the Neigh- 
 bouring Countries within the Englifh 
 Marches, had fpoiled the Towns, wafted 
 the Lands, and laid diverfe Caftles Bat 
 wirli the Ground, which fo provoked the 
 K^og, as to put him upon an Execution, 
 which tho' it can't be looked upon as al- 
 together
 
 NO 
 
 together unjnft, yet was very rafti and 
 fevere. Again, Upon the Conclufion of a 
 Peace between this King and his Barons 
 two years after, it was agreed, that four 
 Caft'les fhould be put into the Hands of 
 the Latter, as a Guarranttee of the Trea- 
 ty, of which this of Nottingham was cho- 
 fen to be one, where we read that he 
 kept his Cbriftmas Feaft, Anno Dom. 12 I >. 
 but it is probable, that it was never put 
 into the Pofleflion of the Barons ; becaule 
 our Hiftories tell us, that not long after, 
 this Town was valiantly defended againft 
 them and their French Confederates, 
 when the Dauphin contended with King 
 John for the Crown. 
 
 King Henry III. fucceeded his Father 
 King John, and feemed to have a particu- 
 lar Regard for this Town of Nottingham, 
 for he renewed their Charter, and in it 
 allowed the Burgefles to take Tronage, 
 and to have Coroners of their own; but 
 notwithftanding they had always been 
 firm to his Father's Interefts, and had fuf- 
 fered much from the Barons for. their 
 immoveable Loyalty, the Burgeffes of 
 Darly obtained of him for a Sum of 
 Aioney, that the Juftices Itinerants fhould 
 hold their Affixes at Darby for that Coun- 
 ty ; and likewife that the Sheriffs for Not- 
 tingham and Darby (for thefe Counties 
 then had but one Sheriff) fliould keep 
 their Torns there, and not at Nottingham, 
 as before had been accuftomed, for both 
 Shires, which was a great Lofs to this 
 Town, and ( much regretted by the Inha 7 
 bitants. 
 
 Edward I. fucceeded King Henry, and 
 as if he Intended to make fomc SatisfaSi- 
 ch to this Town for the Lofs they fulrained 
 by his Father's Grant to Darby, he by his 
 Charter granted them the Privilege of 
 choofing a Mayor and two Bailiffs, featn- 
 Aum confaetudjnejn utrlufyue Bargi> /. e. ac- 
 cording to the Cuftom of both Burroughs ; 
 for the Diftiri&ion of Burroughs continued 
 many hundred Years here, .one Divifion 
 of the Town being called, "the Englifh 
 Burrough, and the other, The French B*-- 
 roHgh. To thefe King Edward II. added 
 a further Benefit, in difcharging the Cor- 
 poration from doing Service to the Court 
 .of the Honour of Pfienff, which was per- 
 
 UA M S HIR /:. 7 
 
 formed annually in a Chapel dedicated to 
 St. J-ames, which ftood in the Lane from 
 thence called St, James's Lane to this 
 Day. 
 
 In 5 Ed-ja. 3. a great Council met **. 
 this Town, and the King having before 
 been made fenfible of the impending Mif- 
 cliiefs which would attend h?s Reign, by 
 Reafbn of thelnfolencies, and (candalous, 
 as well as wicked Afticns of Rozer Mori* 
 rner, Earl of JMarch, who- was over fan-.. 
 liar with the Queen-Mother, (for (he had 
 permitted him to lie in the fame Houfc- 
 with her in this Town) and under the 
 Umbrage of her Favour, was grown in- 
 tolerably Proud and Arbitrary, took 
 their Advice in QmnAen of S. Michael, who 
 in Confideration of his Majefty's Difho- 
 nour and Damage, as alfoof theOppreffiont 
 and Impoverishment of his People, thought 
 it neceflary that he fhould be apprehend- 
 ed and brought to condign Punifhment, 
 whereupon the King revealing his Aiind 
 privately to Sir Wtfliam Mcntacttte, gave 
 him an immediate Command, to take the 
 Afliftance of fcveral trufty Perfons to puc 
 this Advice of his Council in Execution, 
 which he accordingly did ; for he taking 
 with him Sir Humphrey de Boknn and Sir 
 William his Brother, Sir Ralph Staff rd, 
 Sir William dz Clinton, Sir Robert U^r.of, Sir 
 John Nevil of Hornby, Sir William Eland, 
 and diverfe others, upon Friday after the 
 Feaft of St. Luke, in the dead Time of 
 the Night, got in to the Caftle by a Way 
 made underground, which through a Rock 
 paffeth by Stairs up to the Keep (which 
 Place hath ever fince been called Mortl. 
 mer's Hole) ard crtrirsg a Room next to 
 the Queen's Lodgings, found the Earl 
 \\it\\Henry Bifhop of Lincoln, and fome 
 others, whofora while makingReliilance, 
 were Toon overpowered and yielded, two 
 of rherr Company being {Lin, -t>/t. Sir 
 HughdeT:<r' t nton Kt. or as other Hiftoriaru 
 call him, Tr:mpingtii, and Ti'.nivgt?n (the 
 Steward of the KingVHoufe,) one oi 
 the Earls chiefeft 'Friends,' John d; /i/s.-.- 
 mouth, and fomc others. This Att was i;\ 
 thofe Days looked upon not only as an 
 Inftance of Bravery, but Policy ; for 
 Mortimer fenfible how obnoxious he was 
 to the Difpieafure of the Nobles . yea . 
 
 alir.oft
 
 NO TTI NG HAMS HIRE. 
 
 almoft of every body but the Queen, had 
 ib fecured himlelf in the Caftle here, that 
 his Apprehcnfion was efteemed almoft im 
 pofllble ; for he had a Guard of leveral 
 Hundreds of Knights, Efquires, Gentle- 
 men and Yeomen, continually about him, 
 and every Night the Keys of the Caftle 
 .were refigncd to his Cuftody, which ren- 
 dered all open Attacks impra&icable, 
 wherefore thefe Gentlemen whom the 
 King had employed to take him, found 
 means by a fecret Intelligence with Sir 
 William de Eland, who was Conftable of 
 the Caftle of Nottingham, to enter into 
 the Caftle the former Way, by Surprize, 
 and To they took the Earl of March, his 
 two Sons, Sir Jeffrey and Sir Edmund, Sir 
 Simon de Hereford, and divers others his 
 Adherents and Followers. 
 
 The Earl of March being thus in Cufto- 
 >dy with his Friends was with them fent 
 tup to London under ftrong Guards, there 
 to be fecured tiJl the Parliament, which 
 was to begin upon the twenty-feventh of 
 November next enfuing, mould meet ; and 
 in the mean Time Precepts were fent 
 <Sut, and dire&ed to proper Officers, to 
 leize upon his Caftlcs, Manors, and Lands 
 in Wales and elfewhcre, and to take an 
 Inventory of all his Treafure and Jewels, 
 rot meddling with any Thing in his La- 
 dy's Wardrobe. Upon the- Meeting of 
 the Parliament thefe Articles, with fome 
 others of lefs Note were exhibited againft 
 him, viz. i. That he had procured Ed- 
 ward of Carnarvon the King's Father to 
 be murdered in a moft heinous and bar- 
 barous Manner in the Caftle of BarMey, 
 or at leaft was confirming to it, and abet- 
 ting in it. 2. That he had reftrained the 
 
 lijl) from falling upon the Scots at Stan- 
 tepe-Park, and gave them Leave to efcape ; 
 and 5. That he had received 10000 
 Pound* to make a Peace with them, tend- 
 ing to the Diflionour of the Nation, and 
 cau-fed it to be confirmed at the Parlia- 
 ment at Northampton. 4. That he had 
 bafely confumed the King's Treafure, and 
 that of Hugh Dcfpencer, fo that the King 
 va* in a. wanting Condition, 5. That he 
 Iiad appropriated to himfeif divers Wards 
 <jf tlie riche/l Families in the Kingdom, 
 belonged xo the King only. And 
 
 6. and laftly, He had been an evil Coun- 
 fcllor to the King, and the Queen his 
 Mother, with whom he had been more 
 familiar than was allowable either by the 
 Law of God and Man. The King having 
 heard thefe Articles read, commanded 
 the Earls and Barons, that juft Judg- 
 ment mould be done therein, who having 
 heard the Accufers, found him guilty 
 of all of them, but efpecially of that, 
 that related to the Murder of King 
 Edward II. and thereupon gave their 
 Sentence, that he fhould be drawn and 
 hanged, which was accordingly executed 
 upon him at the common Gallows, called 
 The Elmes near Smithfeld, upon the Eve 
 of St. Andrew's Feaft. His Body hung 
 two Days and Nights on the Gallows, 
 and then being delivered to the Grey Fri- 
 ars was buried by them with great Solem- 
 nity in their Church ; but was afterward 
 removed to Wigmore, the Burial-Place of 
 his Family. It is obferved by our Hifto- 
 rians, that this Judgment and Sentence 
 was pafled upon this Earl without his 
 ever being heard, as had formerly been 
 praftifed in the Cafe of Thomas Earl of 
 Lancajter at Pontefratt, and after him of 
 the Deffencers, and Edmund Earl of Kent> 
 wherein it appear^ he had an Hand. 
 
 Mr. Cambden, in relating the Story of 
 Mortimers being feiied in this Caftle, and 
 condemned, feems to have taken much of 
 it from Hear-fay, which ran him into di- 
 vers Miftakes. For, i. he fays, that when 
 he took a View of the Caftle, which Hands 
 very high upon a Rock, he went down 
 many Stairs into a Vault under Ground, 
 which they call Mortimer's Hole, becaufe 
 Roger Mortimer abfconded in it, being a- 
 fraid of himfelf out of a Confcioufnefs of 
 his own Guilt.' By the former Account 
 it is eafy to obferve, that Earl Mortimer 
 could have no Reafon to hide himfelf in 
 any Den or Hole in or under the Caftle, 
 feeing he was abfolute Pofleflbr of it, as 
 he fuppofed, had fuch a Guard about him, 
 and was fb cautious as to have the Keys 
 of the Caftle continually in his Keeping, 
 Ib that 'tis moft probable, that that Den 
 or Cavity, by which the Caftle was fur- 
 pm,ed, mould be called Mortimer's Hole. 
 a, He alfo alledgcth it as the chief Article 
 
 of
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 of his Condemnation, viz- That he be- the King's Uncle, the Earls of 
 
 trayed his Country to the Scots for Mo- Warwick, Darby, and Nottingham were the 
 
 ney 
 
 with other Alifchiefs. But other 
 Hiftorians aflert, that he was condemned 
 chiefly for the firlt Article, viz.. the 
 Murder of King Edward IL nor was it fo 
 much as alledged againft him, that he 
 betray'd the Kingdom to the Scots ; but 
 that when he was fent againft the Scots, 
 and might have fubdued them, he fufter- 
 ed Inmfelf to be bribed by the Lord 
 
 chief, to have the whole Adminiftration 
 of all publick Affairs in their Hands, and 
 to banifh the Duke of Ireland from his 
 Majefty's Per fon and Councils, as the 
 Author of all the Mifmanagement of the 
 Regal Power under which the Nation 
 groaned, commanded all his Jufticcs to 
 meet him at a jgreat Council to be held 
 in the Caftle of this Town on the Mor- 
 
 Douglas, at that Time' General of row after St. Bartholomew's Day. To this 
 the Scots, with twenty Thoufand Pounds, Council therefore came the Archbifhop 
 (a great Sum in thofe Days) to let the of fork, the Duke of Ireland, Earl of Suf- 
 and conclude a Peace with folk, the iwo Chief Juftices, Trijiltan and 
 
 Belknap, with their Brethren of the fevc- 
 
 Scots efcape, 
 them. 
 
 King Edward III. Reg. 8. being return- ral Benches, jFobn Locktori the King's Ser- 
 
 ed from York and Newcajlle, where he had jeant, and divers others. Their Bufinefs 
 been to take the Homage of Edward Ba- appears to have been to anfwer and fay 
 liol King of Scots, who there did Fealty to the Law upon certain Quettions to them 
 King Edward, as the fuperior and chief ready to be propounded, of which thefe 
 Lord of Scotlard, and fwore to hold the are the Subftunce. 
 
 i. Whether he new Aft and Stature 
 made in the laft Parliament were hurtful 
 to the King's Prerogative ? To which all 
 anfwered, that they were hurtful, and 
 
 faid Realm of Scotland of the King of 
 England, '-his Heirs and Succeifors for e- 
 ver, called a great Council of his Lords 
 Spiritual and Temporal at this Town, 
 to meet him there- 
 
 commanding them 
 
 rhe more becaufe they were eftablilhed a-' 
 
 upon the I3th Day of July, there to con- gaintt the King's Will 
 
 .- I _ "11* 1 _ ____ 1 _ %f^ I IT ___ .-_! __ . 
 
 lult with him about weighty Matters con- 
 cerning the State of the Realm ; but this 
 Aflembly being not a Parliament we have 
 no Account of the Tranfa&ions of it, but 
 may fuppofe the Debates preparatory to 
 the Parliament enfuing. 
 
 Further, the fame King Edward having 
 ended his Expedition, Reg. 10- into Scot- 
 
 2. How they were to be punilhed, that 
 procured the faid Statute, either by mo- 
 ving the King to confent to it, or moving 
 them to make it ? It was anfwered, they 
 ought to futter Death, and be punifhed 
 as Traitors, unlefs the King pleafeth to 
 pardon them, 
 
 3. How they are to he pum'fhe J that 
 
 land, wherein he had fpent a great deal of interrupt the King in the Exercifc of 
 
 Treafure, in fupporting his Army, and 
 building a Fortrefs at Sniveling, where 
 the Cattle had Itood, to keep the Scots 
 of thole Parts in Awe, in his Return 
 fummoned a Parliament to be holden at 
 this Town, and obtained a Grant of a 
 
 fuch Things as belong to his Regal Power, 
 as limiting the Lorps and Commons in 
 Parliament aiTembled to fuch Articles as 
 they fliall trear of, diflblving Parliaments 
 as he pleafeth, and removing fuch Offi- 
 cers as offend him ( They anfwered, as 
 
 Tenth from the Clergy, and likewife of Traitors, and fubfcribed their An fivers. 
 
 the Citizens and BurgeiTcs of great Towns, 
 and a Fifteenth of fuch as dwelt out of 
 Cities and Burroughs. 
 
 King Richard II. Reg. 1 1. being highly- 
 offended with the laft Parliament, where- 
 in, thro' the Importunity of the Lords 
 and Commons he had been obliged to 
 pafs an AS to impow ; er a certain Number 
 of Lords, of whom the Duke of Ghwcefter Words. 
 
 B 
 
 Divers Jnftices refufed to fubfcribe ac 
 firft ; but at length yielded to do as the 
 reft did; only Chief Juftice Belkrrstp pofi- 
 tively refufed it, till the Duke of Ireland 
 and Earl of Suffolk were fo incenfed, that 
 he faw they would deftroy him if he did 
 not fubfcribe ; and yet when he had done 
 it through Fear, he burft out into theie 
 Now there lacketb nothing but a 
 
 jfc.fr,
 
 10 
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Ro^s, that I may receive a Reward according 
 to rry Defert. Which he, and fevcral o- 
 thers, foon after had, being condemned 
 in the next Parliament and executed, for 
 their Agreement and Subfcription of thefe 
 Articles. Things after this feemed to go 
 on quietly for a while ; but as the King 
 on the one Hand was ftill indulgent to 
 Favourites, and minded his Pleafure fo 
 much as to negleft the publick Affairs, 
 fo on the other Hand he bore an ill Will 
 to thofe Lords, who for the common 
 Good had before put a Check upon his 
 Exorbitances, and were very likely, as 
 he fufpe&ed, to do the fame again. Nor 
 were his Fears groundlefs ; for the Duke 
 of Gloucefter, with the Earls of Arundel, 
 Darby, Mzrjhal, and Warwick, the Arch- 
 bimop of Canterbury, and the Abbots of St. 
 Allans and Wejtminfter, with divers others, 
 had agreed to take the King and the Dukes 
 of YorkandLancafter,a.ndimpri{bn them, and 
 put all the Lords of the King's Council to 
 Dearh. ThisConfpiracy was difcovered to 
 the King by the Earl Marfhal, who wasalfo 
 Governor of Calais, and the Duke of Glou- 
 tefler, ignorant of the Difcovery, was ap- 
 prehended at his Houfe in Plejby in Ef- 
 ffx, and being hurried over to Calais was 
 tlicrc murdered. The Earls of Arundel 
 and W.irwifk, the Lord Cclkam, and Sir 
 j-dkr. Cbeiney Kt. were apprehended, and 
 being imprilbned in the Tower were in- 
 di&ed at Nottingham till the Parliament 
 Ihould meet ; at which the King had 
 provided many Lo?ds to accufe and im- 
 peach them, as the Earls of Rutland and 
 fifarjbal, Kent and Huntington, &~c. Avar.- 
 del was beheaded on Tower-hill, but War- 
 vi(k was only baniflied, and the reft 
 qfcaped ; but thefe Executions were of 
 no Service to the King; Difcontents grew 
 higher and higher, till the greater Part 
 of the Nation longed for another King; 
 a,nd becaufe they faw no Likelihood that 
 the Kingdom could be happy fo long as 
 King Richard reigned, -divers of the No- 
 bles, Bifliops, and Magiftrates, botli of 
 Cities end Towns, refolved, with great 
 Deliberation and Advice, to fend and 
 figuify by Letters to Henry Duke of Lan- 
 r.ijl r and Hereford, whom the King hud 
 late y br.nifhed, tlicirPefire of his Com- 
 
 ing into "England to expell King Ri- 
 chard, and take upon him the Govern- 
 ment of the Land, which, being perfwa- 
 ded to comply with by Thomas. Arundel 
 late Archbifliop of Canterbury, then in 
 Exile with him, he foon after anfwercd, 
 and landing at Ravenfpur in Yorkshire, was 
 made King of England by the Name of 
 Henry IV. 
 
 Further King Richard, Reg. 15, being 
 then at this Town, in another Council held 
 here, fent for the Londoners, requesting 
 of them to lend him a Thoufand Pounds, 
 which they not only refufed to do them- 
 fclvcs, but beat and abuled an Italian 
 Lumbard, becaufe he offered to lend the 
 King the Sum defired. This, when the 
 King heard, he was fore difpleafed, and 
 having declared it ro the Peers was ad- 
 viied to reprefs the infolent PrUe of rhe 
 Londoners, which he prcfently did, by 
 feizing the Liberties of the City, and ap- 
 pointing a Warden to govern it under 
 him. The Citizens by this Means became 
 humbled fufEciently, and before they 
 could recover their Franchifes were for- 
 ced to pay the King tea inllead of oae 
 Thoufand Pounds. 
 
 King Edward IV. who, upon the Earl 
 of Warwick's deferting him, and turning 
 to King Henry, was forced to fly into 
 France, having made the Duke of Bur- 
 gundy his Friend and Afnftant, at length 
 landed at Ravenfpurgh in Yrrkfoire with five 
 Hundred Men, Richard Duke of York and 
 the Lord Rivers, bringing with them about 
 as many more. With this little Army he 
 marched forward towards London, pre- 
 tending not to recover the Kingdom, but 
 his Right to the Dutchy of York, his In- 
 heritance, which many were content he 
 fliould have ; and having paflcd by York 
 came at length to this Place, where he 
 rtaid fomc Time to increafe his Army as 
 much as he could before he advanced 
 further, being in a plentiful Country, 
 and almoft in the Heart of the Kingdom. 
 Soon after his Arrival here came to him 
 Sir William Parr and Sir James Harrington, 
 with fix Hundred Men well armed and 
 appointed ; and not long after followed 
 Sir Tliomas Burgh and Sir Thomas JMont- 
 gomtry, wich another eonfidcrable Body 
 
 of
 
 NO 7 ? ING H4 M5HIR E. 
 
 of Men, which To encouraged King Ed- 
 ward, that he caufcd himfeJf to be pro- 
 claimed by the Name of King Edward IV. 
 boldly affirming, that they "mould ferve 
 no Alan but a King. Edward's Army be- 
 ing thus increafed, he fent out Ibme 
 Horfemen to difcover, whether there was 
 any Number of Men gathered together 
 again ft him, who coming to Newark 
 found, that the Duke of Exeter, Earl of 
 Oxford, and Lord Bardolf were lodged 
 there with four Thoufand Men, and im- 
 mediately rid Pott to the King to let him 
 know it. Edward upon the News got his 
 Men together to march towards them ; 
 but the Duke of Exeter being informed 
 that his Horlemen had been before the 
 Town, did not think fit to abide his Com- 
 ing, -and fo withdrew in the Night, 
 which when King Edward had Notice of, 
 he returned again to this Town, intend- 
 ing to begin his March towards the Earl 
 of War-wick, who, as he undo flood, had 
 left London, and was gone into Warwick- 
 faire, to levy Forces for King Henry, 
 which he accordingly did, and came to 
 Leieejler, his Army being then three 
 Thoufand able Men, well armed, and fo 
 well atife&ed to him, as to be willing to 
 live or die in his Quarrel, which they 
 foon after ended in the Battles of Bar net 
 and Tewksbury, with the Death of the Earl 
 of Warwick. 
 
 Nottingham having proved Ib lucky to 
 King Edward 1 , he ever bore a good Will 
 to it, and among other Things much en- 
 larged and adorned the Caftlc, fo that in 
 a Manner it feemed new built ; and yet 
 his Brother Richard, when he came to the 
 Crown by the Name of Richard the Third, 
 made fome further Additions to the Build- 
 ings, whereby it became one of the com- 
 pleateft FortrefTes in the Kingdom both 
 for Beauty and Strength. In this its State 
 of Perfe&ion we may fuppofe it was, that 
 our Hiftorians fpeak fo highly in its Com- 
 mendation, viz. That it was invincible 
 by any Thing but Famine, if it had a 
 fufficient Garrifon ; That it has never in 
 any Revolution undergone the common 
 .Fate of other great Caftles, for it was ne- 
 ver taken by downright Force ; That it 
 v/as once bcfieged by the Earl of Anjou, 
 when the Garrifon burnt down all the 
 
 II 
 
 Out-Buildings, bur to no Purpose ; That 
 in the firft Court, afcer a Defcent of u 
 great many Stairs by Candle-Light, there 
 is a large Vault under Ground, and 
 Rooms cut and made out of the vcrjr 
 Stone, on the Walls of which there is 
 the Story of Chrift's Paflion and other 
 Things engraven, as Tradition tells us, 
 by David II. King of Scots, while he wit 
 kept Prifoner here. There were ancient- 
 ly divers Parcels of Lands belonging and 
 adjoining to it, which made it fo plea- 
 fant, that there is no Place almoft in, 
 England fo far diftant from Loud.t: \vlirch 
 has fo often given Entertainment and 
 Residence to the Kings and Queens of 
 England as this Caftle has, as may in 
 Part appear by the foregoing Hil'tory ; 
 for as often as Parliaments and Councils 
 were held hero the Kings had their Court 
 in the Cattle. The Lands about it and 
 appertaining to it were, The Kings Me.td, 
 of twenty-four Acres ; a Clofe called 
 Caftle-Appleton, and another named Confa- 
 ble-Holm ', a Piece of Meadow lying by the 
 King's Bridge, and another Piece called 
 The Mill-Place ; another Piece of Meadow 
 called The Mitt-Dam, together with The 
 Rockyard, two Pieces of Meadow mere ly- 
 ing by the King's Bridge, belides The Ca- 
 {He-HJUs without the Caftle-Walls, The 
 Outward Ward within the Caftle-Walls, 
 The Dove-ccte, The Pindage of the Cajtle, 
 the Cajlle-Mlh, The Coney-garth, or Old 
 Park, and The Conjtable's Lodgings* 
 
 Dr. Plot, in his Hiftory of Oxfordjl)ire t 
 fpcaking of tempeftuous Winds, Hurri- 
 canes, and Turbo's, pretty common in 
 the Indies, but rare here, (fo much the 
 better) tells us out of our Hiftories, that 
 in Queen frlary\ Time, within a Mile of 
 this Place, all the Houfes of two Pariihes 
 with their Churches, were wholly born 
 down by fuch a tempeftuous Wind ; and 
 that the Water, with the Mud from the 
 Bottom of the River Trent, that ran be- 
 tween them, was carried a Quarter of a 
 Mile, and caft againft fome Trees with 
 fuch a Violence, that they were torn up 
 by the Roots. 
 
 The Keeping of this Caftle was for 
 
 many Ages, while thofe Fortrefles were 
 
 thought of Ufe and Importance to the 
 
 B ^ Govern-
 
 12 
 
 A 7 ? T< ING HA M SHI RE. 
 
 Government, committed to one of the King's 
 principal Friends and Allies, as moft of 
 the other Caft I es were; and fo we find, 
 that, 
 
 William Peverel, the Son of R.ilpb Peve- 
 fel, who attended the Conqueror into 
 England, was made Governor of this Ca- 
 ftle then newly built by the Conqueror. 
 In the Conteft between King Stephen and 
 Mattd the Emprefs for the Crown, he 
 happened to adhere to the King, and 
 fighting ftoutly on his Part, Reg. 7. at the 
 Battle of Lincoln,- he was taken Prifoncr 
 with the King. And . 
 
 Ralph Paganel, who was one of Queen 
 Mate's Captains, was by her made Gover- 
 nor of this Caftle, but held it not long; 
 for Wittiam Peverel having gained his Li- 
 herty the Year next following, his own Sol- 
 diers recovered it by a Stratagem in the 
 Night. And fo 
 
 William Peverel became re-inftated in 
 the Command of it ; and Things being 
 fettled between King Stephen and Maud, 
 he continued Governor to his Death. 
 When 
 
 William Peverel his Son inherited that 
 Office, with the reft of his Eftate : But 
 having poifoned Ralph Earl of Cbejler, 
 this Caftle, with his Lands, fell into the 
 Hands of King Henry II. who gave this 
 Caftle at length to 
 
 Join Earl of Moreton, his fixth Son, 
 vho was Governor of it during his Fa- 
 ther's Life, and left in Pofleflion of it by 
 his Brother King Richard I. when he went 
 into rhe Holy War: But being fufpefted 
 fcy William. Bifliop of Ely, Proteftor of 
 the Kingdom, to aim at the Ufurpation 
 of the Crown, he was deprived of it , and 
 the Bifliop put in Alan de Lee and Peter 
 de Bevencourt to keep it for the King 'till 
 his Return : Bitt they falfifying their 
 Truft, John got into Poflcflion of it, and 
 refufingto rcfign it to his Brother King Ri- 
 chardl. the King immediately aflfembled an 
 Army, and went down to attack it, which 
 he did with Ib much Fury, that upon the 
 firft Day he burnt the outward Gates, and 
 foon after deftroycd all the Fortifications 
 that they had made before them, fo that 
 he conftrained William de Vendev.il, the 
 Corjftable of it, and the rcrt, who kept 
 
 the Caftle in his Brother's Name, to yield 
 up themfclves (imply to his Mercy. King 
 .Richard after this put in a Deputy to keep 
 it for his Ufe, and fo held it all his 
 Reign, which lafted about five Years lon- 
 ger ; and then it came again into his Bro- 
 ther Johns Hands, being declared his 
 Succeflbr to the Crown. In this King's 
 Reign, we find, that 
 
 Philip March was Chatelaine, /". e. Con- 
 ftable or Governor of this Caftle of Not- 
 tingham. He proved a faithful Servant to 
 his Matter's Interefts , for after the Pope 
 had abfolved all his Subjefts from the 
 Oath of Allegiance, and on that Account 
 'great; Numbers both of Soldiers, Citizens, 
 Burgefles, Captains, and Conftables of 
 Caftles, yea Bifhops and Priefts, leaving 
 their Charges, revolted from him. This 
 Governor, with fome Noblemen and o- 
 thers, flood up to defend him in all Cau- 
 fes, n^nvithftanding the Pope's Cenfures 
 fo cruelly pronounced againit him, know- 
 ing that they were bound in Confcience 
 to adhere to him ; and fo much the more, 
 becaufe there was fo general an Apoftacy 
 of the Clergy, Nobles and People. King 
 John, by the Help of thefe few of his 
 faithful SubjeSs, held out fome Time a- 
 gainft his more Potent Barons : But at 
 length, finding himfelf overpower'd, fub- 
 mitted to a Pacification ; by which, a- 
 mong many other Things it was agreed, 
 that this Caftle fhould be put under their 
 Government, and the Chatelaine Sworn 
 to be Faithful to them. But the King 
 foon repented of this Agreement, and the 
 Wars between him and his Barons ftill 
 went on. But how this Caftle was gover- 
 ned, and by whom, in this King's and his 
 Succeflbrs Reigns afterward, we find not, 
 'till King Edward II. conferred it upon 
 his Favourite 
 
 Piers de Qawejlon, Earl of Cornwall, Reg. 
 4. with many other Eftates and Honours ; 
 which Grants, fo raifcd the Difcontents 
 of the People, that the Nobles taking the 
 Advantage thereof, rcfolvcd to take him 
 by Force from the King, or oblige him to 
 banifh him the Realm ; of which, when 
 the King was advertifcd, he took the Earl 
 v uh him, and fled firft to Netvcajlte upon 
 Tine, and then to hi* Caftle of Scarborough 
 
 la
 
 NO TT I NG H4 MSHIRE. 
 
 in Yorkfiire. The Lords purfued them 
 with all fpeed, and having laid Siege to 
 it, Piers feeing no Remedy, yielded him- 
 felf to them, promifing to (land to the 
 Judgment of the Barons, yet with a De- 
 fire he might firft fpeak with the King. 
 This Petition was at firft granted, but up- 
 on better Advice, it was agreed among 
 them, that it was much better that he 
 fhould fufter Death, than that the Realm 
 ill on Id in the leaft be dilturbed by War. 
 Whereupon he was taken out of his Pri- 
 fon at Warwick Caftle, and beheaded at 
 "Black-low, a Place about a Mile North- 
 Eaft from Warwick. After this we have no 
 particular Account of the Governor of 
 this Caftle 'till 8 Henry IV. When 
 
 Richard Lord Grey of Codnovre in Darby" 
 Jbire, wasconftituted by that Prince, Con- 
 ftable of this Caftle of Nottingham, and 
 Chief Ranger of the Forreft of Shire wood, 
 for Term of Life. After which we find, 
 that 23 Henry VI. in Confideration of ma- 
 n^y eminent Services, 
 
 Ralph Lord Cromwell obtained a Grant 
 from that King to himfelf and his Heirs, 
 of the Office of Conftable of Nottingham 
 Caftle, and Steward of the fame ; as alfo 
 the Wardenmip of the Forreft of Sbire- 
 wood, with the Parks of JEkjfawW and Clypfton, 
 toholdby Fealty only for all Services; in 
 whole Family 'tisprobablc the Government 
 of this Cattle continued, 'till King; Henry VII. 
 finding Catties prejudicial to his Govern-, 
 ment, and the Peace of the Nation, dc- 
 niol>/ned fome of them, and rendred o- 
 thers ulelefs ; unlefs it were upon the 
 Frontiers of Scotlar.A, and near the Sea- 
 Ports. We read nothing more Remark- 
 able of this Town in Hiftory, 'till we 
 come to King diaries I's. Reign, when that 
 Prince made it . to be noted more than e- 
 ever, by cre&ing there, 
 
 Hi,s -Royal Standard, Auwft XXfl, 164:.. 
 The Parliament then Sitting, and which 
 had Power fo to do, as long as they plea- 
 fed, had encroached fo muck uron his 
 Mt;jefty's.Rega} Dignity and fjjerqgai 
 and encouraged Sedition and Rebc . 
 that that King faw there was no way to 
 re-inftute him in his Throne, and fettle 
 the Kingdom in Peace, but by Force of 
 Arms : Whereupon having font the- Mar- 
 {pafs pf H.trtford') and die Lord S 
 
 13 
 
 his Brother, to raile what Men they could 
 in the Weft ; and the Lords Pawlet, Hop- 
 ton, Coventry and Berkley for the fame Pur- 
 pole into other Places, according as their 
 Interefts lay ; he fet up his Standard here 
 as the Place of their Rendez-vouz, to 
 meet there in a formidable Body, ifluing 
 out a Proclamation at the fame Time, 
 to invite all his loving Subje&s to refort 
 to him according, to their Duty, and vin- 
 dicate his Right. The Standard was e- 
 re&ed about fix a Clock in the Evening, 
 the King himfelf, with a fmafl Train, 
 riding along with it to the Top of the 
 Caftle-Hill,and Varney the Standard-Bear- 
 er carrying it, and letting it up with the 
 found of Drums and Trumpets. Many- 
 fad Prefages feemed, to obferving Men, 
 to attend the A&ion.. The King had not 
 one Regiment. of Foot yet come, fo that 
 the Trained-Bands, which Sir J-ohn Dlgby^ 
 the A&ive Sheriff of the County had 
 drawn together, were all the Strength 
 which the Kinglhad to guard his Perfon, 
 and the Royal Standard, which it felf 
 yielded, but a fad Prefage, for it was, 
 blown down the lame Night it was. erec- 
 ted, by a ftrange unruly Wind, and could 
 not be fixed again in a Day or two 'till the 
 Tempeft was abated. The Proclamation 
 feemed to have little or no Effer, for 
 there was no numerous Refort of Men 
 to the King in Obedience to it ^ and the 
 Arms and ammunition, which had been pro- 
 vided at York r did not arrive as was ex- 
 pelted ; infomuch that a general Damp of 
 Sorrow covered the whole Town ; ;tnd fb 
 much the more, becaufc the Parliaairent's 
 Army was fo near as Northampton, and 
 was about to move towards them. 
 
 Under thefe- difcouraging Circumftan- 
 ces, which were increafed much by the 
 Difappointments which the Marqnifs or 
 Hertford had met with in the Weft, wheie- 
 he found the Gentry then met at the Af- 
 fizes at Bail well affefted to the King';. 
 Caufe ; but it being- given out, that he 
 was come to put the CommifHon of -4r- 
 ray in Execution, the Hearts of the Com- 
 monalty was fo alienated from him, that 
 uniting under Mr. Alexander Popbam, and 
 fome other Gentlemen, they drove the 
 Marquifs into Shfrburn-Cxftle,&nd beficeeit 
 him in it. Thefe Things, being brought.
 
 . 
 
 to the King at Woftinghant, he was advifed 
 by the Nobility then attending him, to 
 offer a Treaty of Peace to the Parlia- 
 ment, which if refilled, von Id juftify his 
 further Warlike Proceedings to all im- 
 partial Perfons ; and if accepted, would 
 at lea.it give longer Time for Prepara- 
 tions. The King was very averfe to thefe' 
 Propofals, and ditlolved the Council pre- 
 lently that he might hear no more of it : 
 But at laft, being over perfuaded by the 
 Earl of Southampton, a very grave and 
 wife Perfon, to yield to it, he fcnt the 
 laid Earl, Earl of Dorfet, Sir Join Cul- 
 peper, and Sir William Udal, to propound 
 a Perfonal Treaty for the Peace of the 
 Kingdom. This Meflage was recei\ r ed 
 with the greateft Infolence by both Hovt- 
 fes, and an Anfwer returned, that they 
 would not treat 'till the King had pul- 
 led down his Standard, and recalled his 
 Proclamation in which they were decla- 
 red Tray tors. To this the King reply 'd, 
 and fent it by the Lord Falklard^ that he 
 ild do both, if they would revoke 
 
 vov 
 
 their Declarations againft fiich, as.' Tray- 
 tors, -who aflifted him. But the Parlia- 
 ment was fo far from accepting this Pro- 
 pofal, that they put out another Decla- 
 ration, wherein they rcfoh'e not to lay 
 down their Arms, 'till they had brought 
 all fuch Delinquents to Punifliment as 
 flood by the King, and paid all Monies 
 borrowed by the Parliament out of their 
 Eftatcs. This Declaration much furthe- 
 red the King's Interefts, for the Nobility 
 and Gentry, feeing their Eftates in Dan- 
 ger, if the Parliament pleafed to call them 
 Delinquents, flocked to the King ; and 
 Prince Rupert had foon gotten an Army 
 at Leicefter, with which, that the King 
 might join, he removed from hence to 
 Derby ; yet having firft fent this Mcflage 
 to the Parliament, that in rejeling his 
 Propofals for a Treaty,, they were the 
 Caufes of thofe many Miferies that would 
 f;.ll upon the Nation by a Civil War. 
 
 When the King had left the Town, Sir 
 John Digfy difmifted the Militia that had 
 hitherto kept it ; and the Parliament pre- 
 fcntly put in fomc of their Troops, which 
 held it 'till the. End of the VVar. The 
 laft Governor of it was Captain Tlomat 
 Poultw, who was ordered to demoli/h the 
 5 
 
 Caftlc, as he accordingly did ; but no far- 
 ther than to render it unferviceable for 
 War, fo that fomc Parts of it, tho' rui- 
 nous, and neglefted, were (landing at the 
 Keftomtion of King Charles II. who gave 
 it to George Vittiers Duke of Buckingham) 
 by whom it was fold to William Cavena"tjhj 
 Marquifs of'NeivcaJtle, in whole Family, by 
 the Female Line, we fuppofe it continues. 
 
 The Marquifs, who was afterwards crt- 
 ated a Duke, pulled down and clcar'd the 
 Foundation of the Old Tower, and built 
 himfelf very fine Lodgings in the fame 
 Place, which now go by the Name of the 
 CalHe of Nottingham. , He repaired alfo 
 the other Buildings, and Park-Pale, with 
 many other Things, by which Means he 
 made it a magnificent Seat. There was 
 alfo anciently a Church within the Pre- 
 cinfts of the Caftle; but there is nothing- 
 of it now remaining. The Brewhoufe- 
 Yard is a Conltablery, and in it there are 
 many Houfes, fome in the Rock, and o- 
 thers out of it, which ftill enjoying the 
 Privilege of being in no Parifli, Dr. Tbo- 
 roton tells us, that it was in his Time made 
 a great Receptacle for Fanaticks, and o- 
 ther the like People, who would not live 
 conformable to the Laws. 
 
 Many eminent Gentlemen, Scholars, 
 and Tradefmen have been Natives, or 
 Inhabitants of this Town, whofe Families 
 have flourifhed here for many Genera-- 
 tions, which we do not think it fit to paf? 
 over in Silence, becaufe it may make 
 much for the Honour of the Town to 
 mention them ; as, 
 
 i. The Buggs have been a noted Fa- 
 mily in this Town, in which there was 
 anciently a ftately Houfe called Bttgg- 
 Hall, which, by the Female Line, fell, 
 after fome Defcents , to Sir Richard de 
 Bingham^ of which Name fome continued 
 here "till after the Reign of King ~Ed- 
 ivard III. From the Binghams Bugg-Haft 
 came by Defcent and Purchafe, through 
 feveral Families, to Gilbert Boun, Efq ; 
 Serjeant at Law in King Charles the I's. 
 Time, who made it his Dwelling-Houfe ; 
 but the Governor of Nottingham for the 
 Parliament, after the Breaking out of the 
 Civil War, expelled him the Town, and 
 feized on all his Eftate. From Ralph Burg 
 of this Place are dcfcended the WiUoxgh- 
 
 bles
 
 NO TTINGHA M$ HIRE. 
 
 bies of Woollaton and Rijley, the Binghams or his Heirs. Jn 
 the Bttggs of Weft-Leake y and Biggei of one Mr. Amyat, 
 Stamford. 
 
 2. The Willoughbies, a Family of Re- 
 pute and Note, had their Manfion-Houfe 
 in this Town about the fame Time ; they 
 were a very fiourifhing Family about the 
 Reign of King Henry VI. and the fuc- 
 ceeding Kings; for Sir Hugh Willoughby 
 was Knight of the Shire for this County 6 
 Hen. VI. and Richard Wil/oughby, Efq; i$th 
 of the fame King. The fame Hugh and 
 Richard, as we have Reafon to believe, 
 were Sheriffs of this County, and Darby- 
 in the fame Reign ; the one in the 
 
 the fame Reign lived 
 a very Rich Merchant 
 of this Town, whofe Houfe was in the 
 "Long Row ; and from him it was called 
 Amyas's Place. One Alleftree alfo, a Mer- 
 chant of the Staple, PoiTeil it afterwards. 
 And 'twas lately the Seat of Mr, Henry 
 Sherwin. 
 
 5. Richard and William de Nottingham^ 
 two Friers Minorites, fo called becaufe 
 they were both born in this Town. Ri- 
 chard was a Man of good .Learning, and 
 wrote feveral Trafts ; bur William was a 
 much more famous Alan, for he was firft 
 Prebendary and Chanter of York, and af- 
 
 ninth, and the other in the twenty eighth terwards fourteen Years Provincial of the 
 
 Year of the fame King ; as alib in the Augujllnlans in England: refigning which 
 
 firft Year of King Edward IV. Henry Place, he went on fome great Employ- 
 
 Wtlhugkby Knight, was alfo Sherift of the ment to Rome ; and returning from thence 
 
 fame Counties, n Henry VII. by Genoa, he fell fick of the Plague, and 
 
 3. The Bourn, who were not only Men recovered from it; being in that^a Alonu- 
 
 of Eminency, but great Benefactors to ment of Divine Mercy, to prove that Di- 
 
 this Town; for John Boun, Gent. Father feafe (though in it felf mortal) not al- 
 
 of Serjeant Bonn above-mentioned, ha- ways irrecoverable. He wrote an Har- 
 
 ving bought an Houfe of Francis Leefa, of mony of the Evangelifts, to fhew the 
 
 Sutton in the Dale in Darbyfiire, which in Concord and Agreement there is between 
 
 the Reip.n of Edward III. belonged to thofc facred Writers; which is the more 
 
 Robert WoUaton, Efq ; gave it to the Town remarkable, becaufe fo far as we know, 
 
 and County for the Ufe of the Judges of it was the< firft Attempt of that Kind, 
 
 Adze, as an Hall, for the more conve- though it has fince been followed by ma- 
 
 Jiient hearing and determining Caufes and 
 Trials of N/Ji Prius, having made it with 
 Arches open to the Street on that Side, as 
 it remains to this Day. The Hall adjoining 
 to it is for Trials on the Crown-Side in 
 all Criminal Caufes. Near this Houfe the 
 
 ny others, and much improved by fome 
 of them ; a Work worthy of the Higheft 
 Commendation in all. 
 
 6. The Plumltrees, as good a Family 
 as any that have lived in this Town, for 
 they were the Founders of the noted 
 
 Lady Katharine Hutchinfon bought of John Hofpifal of this Place, called at this Day 
 Boun, Efq ; the Serjeant's Son, a pleafant Plttmltrees Hofpital, which is of an an- 
 Garden to add to her own, and a Dwel- cicnt Foundation, for J-ohn Plumbtree, Elq, 
 ling Houfe belonging to it ; which not , in the Reign of King Richard II. obtain- 
 long after ihe conveyed to Mr. Robert ed a Licenfe to found an Hofpital for two 
 fVlite, uho Built there a neat new brick Chaplains, one of which fhould be the 
 Houfe, facing St. Mary's Church-Yard. Warden of it, and thirteen poor aged 
 4. The great Family of the Pierpoints, Widows. He built it at the Bridge End, 
 who flonrimed in the Reign of King Hew- and endowed it. This Charity, by the 
 ry I. when Henry Pierpdnt WPS Knight of Carelefs Management of the Governors, 
 the Shire for this County ; for in King was almoft come to nothing. Whereupon 
 Edward Ill's. Days, Sir Robert Ingram had 
 a (lately Houfe on St. Marfs Hill in this 
 Town, where Sir Henry Plerpoint, Grand- 
 father to the Marquifs of DorJjeJle>\ lived, 
 and much repaired, enlarged, and beau- 
 tified it. 'Twas lately in the Poflfeflioii 
 
 of the Honourable Frauds Pierpolnf, Efq ; 
 
 Dr. Huntington Plttmtree, a learned Poet 
 and Phyfician, dcfcended from the Foun- 
 der, being much troubled for the Decay 
 of fo good a Work, did, in the Year 
 1654. pull down the Old Hofpital, and 
 re-build it, as it now appears. He alfo 
 advanced the Rents fo much, that ths 
 
 Allow
 
 16 
 
 NO f f 1 A r G EA MS HIRE. 
 
 Allowance to the Poor is double to what 
 t was anciently ; and his Son and Heir, 
 Henry Plumbtree, Efq ; was made Warden 
 of it by His Majefty King Charles II. The 
 Plumbtrees in King Henry the IV's Reign, 
 lived in Vout-Hatt in Vout-Lane in this 
 Town : But the late Henry Pltnntrsc, Efq ; 
 dwelt in an Houfe on the North-fide of 
 St. Mary's Church-Yard, the Front of 
 v.hich was re-built "by his Father Dr. 
 Piif.nbtree , to which the Chapel of All 
 Saints in that Church belonged. 
 
 .7. William HaKifax, who was Mayor of 
 rfctihigbsim, has left a 'Mark of the fignal 
 Regard the People had for hini, in H,z//<- 
 f ax-Lane, fo called from him. His Houfe 
 was afterwards inhabited by Mr. Edmund 
 Hollimans. . He lived in the fame Reigns, 
 as did alfb Thomas Thurl.ird , - who 
 was Mayor foon afrcr him. He dwelt in a 
 large Houfe in this Town, which was the 
 late Earl of Clare's, and did lately belong 
 to his Son, the late Duke of Nezucpftle, 
 whofe Succeflors probably now enjoy ir. 
 
 8. The Family of Mettors, though of 
 a mean Trade, viz- Bell-Founders, are 
 worthy of our Notice for their good 
 Deeds, for Agnes Mettors, the Relift of 
 Richard Mellon, endowed the Free-School 
 of this Place ; and his Son Robert Msllors, 
 who was of the fame Trade \vith his Fa- 
 ther, gave a Field in Bafford Wong, and 
 an Houfe in Bridle-Smith Gate to the fame 
 School. He was Burgcfs in Parliament 
 for this Burrough. His Daughter marri- 
 ed Hunrphr>-y Qjtttritely, who alfo was i 
 Burgefs of this Town ; from whom, by 
 the Female Line, defcended Mr. John 
 Gregory, of whofe Family, viz. 
 
 9. The Gregories, we mall now fpeak of. 
 IV Hit Am Gregory, Efq; Alderman of 'this 
 Burrough, raifed a very confiderable E- 
 ft uc by Grazing from a fmall Beginning, 
 and Ib became one of the leading Men of 
 it. His Son and Heir was the above-men- 
 tioned Mr. John Gregory, whofe Son, George 
 G f f,"ory, Efq ; re-built rhe old Manfion- 
 Koufe of hts Anceftors, in the Year 1674. 
 tn<i 'tis eftcemed one of the belt Seats in 
 the Town. The Grandfather of this Mr. 
 G -, rre Gregory, by the Mother's Side, was 
 Air. George Alton, whofe Niece, the Daugh- 
 ter of Mr. John Martin, married the Ho- 
 nourable Francis Pierpoint, Efq ; Brother 
 
 to the Marquifs of Dorchefter, who Built 
 him a fair Houfe here, in which he lived 
 and died ; and which afterwards was the 
 Manfion of his Heir Robert Pierpoint, Efq ; 
 whole Son and SuccefTor was Robert Pier- 
 point, Efq ; 
 
 There was another Family of the Gre~ 
 gories , defcended from Margery , the 
 Daughter of Humphrey Quarneby ; of which 
 \vas William Gregory, Son of jfdhn Gregory , 
 who was Mayor of Nottingham the zp^h 
 Year of Queen Elizabeth. He was Town- 
 rClerk, and Burgefs in Parliament for this 
 Town. "Mis Nephew, Mr. Robert Greaves, 
 was alfo Town-Clerk and Burgefs. From 
 Families we fhall proceed to mention 
 fome tingle Perfons, who may fectn to 
 have contributed to the Glory and Splen- 
 dor of this Town, -viz- Mr. Adrian Gardi- 
 ner, an Apothecary here, was the Father 
 of the late Right Reverend Father in 
 God, Dr. fames-Gardiner Bifhop of Lincoln, 
 who was born in it. Mr. 'fohn Plough, 
 the Sorr of Cbrijlopker Plough of this Town. 
 He was Re&or of St. Peter & Church here, 
 and being a zealous Proteftant in the 
 Reign of King Edward VI. wa< forced to 
 fly beyond Sea in Queen Mary's Reign, 
 and refided moltly at Bajtl. He wrote 
 an Apology for rhe Proteftants, again ft 
 one Hogeard a London Hofier, who appear- 
 ed in Print for the Catholick Canfe ; as 
 alfo two other Books, entitled, A Trea- 
 tife aga/inj} tfre Mitred Men in the Popifo 
 Kingdom. And The Sound of the Doleful 
 Trumpet. He was living in great Efteem 
 amorg the Proteftants at Bajil, in the lat- 
 ter End of Queen Mary's Reign : But 
 whether he returned Home in Queen E- 
 lizabeth's , we know not. Mr. William 
 Brightman, a Native of this Town (fome 
 of whofe Family were not long fince a- 
 live in if.) He was bred a Fellow of 
 Queen's College in Cambridge, and after- 
 wards bencficed at Haunes in Bedf.rdpirg. 
 He had no great Love for Conformity, 
 yet did not hate Conformifts, being cha- 
 ritable to fuch as in Judgment difTented 
 from him in that Point. His Memory is 
 beft preferved by his Comment on the Book 
 of P.evclations, which is by fome Prote- 
 ftants approved, praifed and admired ; 
 and by others as much flighted, contemn- 
 ed and condemned. His Angelical Life 
 
 mi^ht
 
 N f I N G H A M*S H / R E. 17 
 
 the Town-Hall, where the Seffions and 
 Courts for the Corporation are kept, our 
 Author will not take upon him to deter- 
 
 might incline, and in fome Meafure fit 
 him for that Undertaking; but he had 
 better have left the Exposition of the 
 
 hardeft Places to Time, which certainly mine pofitively. 
 
 will lay them open to us, fince he has 3. Bridges, of which there are four 
 
 mi/interpreted the eafieft, viz* the feven belonging to this Town, the faireft of 
 
 Churches of Afia, to be meant of the 
 Churches of Germany, France^ England 
 
 them, which is built of Stone, and lies 
 over the Llnd, is to be repaired at the 
 
 He flourished during the Reign of Charge of the Town and the whole 
 
 the Rump Parliament, and died fudden- County together at this Time ; but in 
 
 ly, which, as Dr. Fuller fays, could not the tenth Year of King John we find, that 
 
 be fudden to him, becaufe having Heaven the Reparation of it was undertaken by 
 
 always in his Heart he was always pre- the Brethren of the Hofpital of St. John 
 
 pared for his Diflblution. Thomas Charle- of Jerufalem, which was then in a fiou^ 
 
 ton Efq; was one of thofe that began the rifhing Condition in this Town. 
 
 Improvement of the Buildings in this 4. Hofpitals or Almfhoufes, of which 
 
 Town, by re-edifying Alderman Nix's there is one in Stony-jheit for twelve 
 
 Houfe at Bridlefmith-Gate, which he had poor People, founded by Hsnry Hanly 
 
 with his Daughter in Marriage. Mr. Sa- Efq; about the Year 1640, and fome 
 
 rnuel Staples, the Succeflbr of Alderman Time before that, William Gregory Efq; 
 
 Staples, built an handfome Seat near Town-Clerk gave eleven Houfes, with 
 
 Swines-Green. But the firft who began to. the Appurtenances, called The White Rents 
 
 beautify the Town by Building new fpa- at Hundgate-End, fbrAlmflioufes. 
 
 cious Fronts to the Houfes was Mr. Wll- 5- The Market-Place, which is very 
 
 Ham Toplady, Son to Mr. Francis Toplady, fpacious, and has two Crofles in it, 
 
 an Alderman of Nottingham. 
 
 Mowel-Crofs and Butter s-Crofs, and the 
 
 The ancient publick Buildings of this Buildings about it are generally very 
 
 Town are of leveral Sorts, as 
 
 good. 
 
 i. Religious Houfes, of which there 6- The Churches, which are but three, 
 
 were feveral, viz- a Convent of Carme- viz. St. Mary's, which is the chief, built 
 
 lites, or White Friars, and another of like a Collegiate Church, and llands in the 
 
 Friars Minors, or Francifcans, which flood high Pavement. The chief Monuments in 
 rear the Leame, in a Place called The 
 Broad-Mar^). There was alfo a Houfe, 
 
 this Church are, that of Richard 
 Mayor and Alderman of this Town. In 
 
 called St." John's, on the other Side of the South Ifle, thofc of John Hettif firft 
 
 the Town, which belonged to the Knights Earl of Clare of that Houfe, and of his 
 
 of Jerufalem. Here was alfo an Hofpiral Son and Succeflbr of the fame Name ; 
 
 for Lepers, called Sr. Leonard's, which that of Nicholas Klnnerjley Efq; and Mr. 
 
 1 ad John Alton in the Chancel ; and in the 
 
 of North Ifle lies buried Jofeph Gardirer Dr. 
 of Phyfick, Brother of James Gar finer 
 
 had the Privilege of cutting the dead 
 Wood for their Ufe in the Forreft 
 Nottingham. 
 
 z. Halls, of which there is now a Place 
 
 late Bifhop of Lincoln. l. St. Peter't 
 
 in the high Pavement near the Corner Church, near Pepper-jlreet, in which th 
 of St. Mary's Churchyard, called, Tbe 
 King's Halt, which is not in the County 
 of the Town, and in that the Afii7.es and 
 Seflions, and other Aflemblies about pub- 
 
 chief Monuments are for Margaret Loci, 
 Mary Wileman, George Cotes, and fome o- 
 thers none of them very magnificent. 
 3. St. Nicholas's, going to the Caftje, which 
 
 lick Bufinefs for the County are held, was demolished in the late Civil War 
 
 Under it, or by it, is the Gaol or 
 
 Prifon ; but whether this be the Prifon 
 
 which King John erefted at this Town 
 
 about the third Year of his Reign, or 
 
 tha; which is lower in the Street under 
 
 for the Safety of the latter, but is fincer 
 rebuilt of Brick. 4. There was alfo a 
 Re&ory in the Caftle of Nottingham, va- 
 lued in the King's Books at <J /. AS, Dr. 
 TborotoH tells us. And 5. an Hpfpital 
 C 'called
 
 rS 
 
 NO ff ING HA MS HIR E. 
 
 Mary by tie Bridge, mentioned 
 tare, or both which we have no 
 
 tells us, that this Officer is to attend up* 
 on the Mayor's Wife upon extraordinary 
 Occafions, which feems to imply, that he 
 is a more considerable Perfon than the 
 
 and 
 
 are large 
 Market-Place is" hand- 
 
 called St. 
 in the Villare, 
 further Account. 
 
 The prefent State of this Town is ? it 
 is certainly one of the pleafanteft Places Scavengers in other Places, whofe Work 
 in EvrrLixd to live in, and has perhaps more it is to clean the Streets, and remove 
 'Gentlcmens Houfcs in it than any Town the Dunghills, otherwife Mrs. Mayoreis 
 of its Bfgnefs in Great Britain. It is built will have but an indecent Servant to 
 upon a Rode, yet the Situation' i-; ex- Wait on her. Upon great Feftivals the 
 treamly commodious and delightful, be- Town finds the Mayor a. Cook. There 
 ing wafhed with the winding Streams of are alfo* in this Town two Officers, called 
 the River L/W, by whofe Sides arc fine Pindars, the one of the Fields, and the 
 
 other of the Meadows ; he that is of the 
 Fields is alfo the Town Woodward, and 
 attends and anfwers at the Forreft- Courts, 
 for Nottingham is within the Metes and 
 Bounds oftke Forreft, but not within the 
 View of it ; and tho' the Town has long 
 claimed to be free from- its- JurifditHon,. 
 yet it has been allowed them only irt 
 Eyre. 
 
 This Corporation hath very fair Pof- 
 feflions, fome for general and others for 
 particular Ufes, as for the Maintenance 
 of their Free*- School, and their coftly 
 Bridges over the Trent, called Heatbbet* 
 Bridges. It was a rich and flourifhing 
 Town when the Staple was at Calais ; but 
 for near two Hundred Years it has not 
 carried on any beneficial Commerce, ex- 
 cept an inland Retail Trade in Malt and 
 Brewing, which has flourifhed here fo 
 fince the- Civil Wars, that 'tis thought 
 their Wool and Cloth did not turn to 
 greater Account before their Lois of the 
 above-mentioned Staple, .than- their Ale 
 and Malt do now. For moft of the ex- 
 cellent Barley that grows in the rich 
 Vale of Bel-voir, and the adjacent Parts of 
 the Country, are here converted into 
 Malt, and that into that plealant and 
 powerful Liquor, called Nottingham- Ale ,. 
 well known in London, in which much is 
 fold at dear Rates under that Namej 
 which never was brewed at Nottingham $ 
 bur notwithftanding that this Town has 
 for fome Time been and is ftill confider- 
 ably increafed and enriched by the Brew- 
 ing Trade. It hath the Privilege of 
 fending two Burgefles to every Parlia- 
 ment. The Markets for all Sorts of Cat- 
 tle, Corn, and other Conveniences of 
 
 Meadows. The Streets 
 well-paved, the 
 
 fome and convenient, the Churches are 
 fpacious- and ufefully contrived, anu the 
 Houfes high' and ftately, being for the 
 moft Part built with Brick, but" fome of 
 them arcr rare Pieces, as wcl^ for Stru- 
 ure as Defigr. ; and in fhort, the whole 
 Front of' the Fabrick is beautify 'd with 
 Sculptures and glittering Balconies. The 
 Rock, on which the Duke of Newcajlle's 
 Houfc ftands is very ftcep, and the ftatel.y 
 Structure is the great Ornament of the 
 Town, which ftanding in the M-idft'almort 
 of a Forreft, and a fporting Country, is a 
 fecond Newmarket, for Horfc-Races and 
 til other Recreations. 
 
 The Town is a Corporation,, governed 
 by a Mayor, Recorder, fix Aldermen, 
 tv.o Coroners, two Sheriffs, two Cham- 
 berlains, and a Common Council, con- 
 fifting of Perfons, fix of which 
 
 by a late Order of the-Magiftrate.s of the 
 Town arc to be fuch as have not born 
 the Office of Sheriffs or Chamberlain. 
 The Mayor's Clerk is called here as in 
 other Towns, the Town-Clerk ; the She- 
 riffs have an Officer caHed the Steward. 
 The Mayor can hold here tt particular 
 Court of Pleas of Land, and with the 
 Sheriff hath ah ordinary Cottrt of Pleas 
 befidcs. He hath two Serjeants at Mace, 
 as have alfo- the Sheriffs each of them, 
 with an inferior Officer, called a Bill- 
 bcarcr. There is an Officer in the Town 
 firnply called the Scavenger, who looks 
 after the Pavements and Streets, who is 
 not only to fee that the Pavements be 
 Jtcpt whole, but thet all the Filth and 
 Dirt be carried away fo timely, that they 
 
 wy not become a 
 
 
 Dr..77>crota. Life arc kept hsre three Times a 
 
 viz...
 
 NOTTINGH^MSHIR 
 
 tot. on Wednefday. Friday, and Saturday, 
 and the Fair on St. Matthew's Day, Sep- 
 tember 2,1. 
 
 Many of our Nobility in fcveral Ages 
 have derived their Titles of Honour from 
 this Town, for we do not find, that it 
 ever gave any officiary Title fingly, but 
 was included v.ith many other Counties 
 in the Earldom of Mercla, of which we 
 have given a full Account before, and 
 therefore fhall proceed to fee down the 
 Succeflion of fuch honorary Earls as 
 have taken their Title from hence, viz. 
 
 William Peverel, the Natural Son of 
 William the Conqueror, by the Daughter 
 of Ingflric, who was after married to Ra- 
 uiph Peverel, and obtained, that this her 
 Child Should bear her Husband's Name. 
 To him, when King William committed 
 ail Places of Strength to the Truft of his 
 chiefeft Friends* he gave this Town and 
 Cattle of Nottingham, (whereby he became 
 Earl of it) with forty-eight Tradefmens 
 Houfes in this Town, and fifty-five Ma- 
 nors in the Shire. He was a great Sol- 
 dier, as we hax'e above fhewed in our Ac- 
 count of this Town and Caftle, and left 
 for his SucceiTor in this Honour, 
 
 Wlltutm Peverel, his only Son, (for tho' 
 &laud the Emprefs, having taken his Fa- 
 ther Prifoner, guve this Town and Caftle 
 Co William Paynel, one of her great Com- 
 manders in the War with King Stephen, 
 Reg. 7. yet he foon recovered them, and 
 died in Pofleffion of them, and fo this 
 his Son inherited them) but he foon loft 
 it, being acculed of poifoning Raxalph 
 Earl of Chefter, of which we have given 
 a more full Account above. His Eftate 
 was for the ereateft Part feized by King 
 Henry II. and continued many Years after 
 in the Crown, as appears by the Sheriffs 
 Accounts ; but fbme came to Margaret 
 his Daughter and Heir, who marrying to 
 William de Ferrariis, or Ferrers, Earl of 
 Darby, her Son inherited her Eftate and 
 Honour, and fo 
 
 William, de Ferrariis became Earl of 
 Darby and Nottingham. He was a pious 
 and devout Man, according to the Man- 
 ner of thofe Times, but it feems could 
 no: have the favour of his Prince ; for 
 
 ^ 
 
 King Richard the Firft outed him of bot 
 his Earldoms of Nottingham and Darby, i 11 
 the firft Year of his Rqjign, for wha c 
 Caufe we find not, and gave them both to 
 
 jfoJjn Earl of Morten, his own Brother, 
 who held it almoft all the Time that King 
 Richard was abfent from the Kingdom in 
 his Journey into the Holy Land, but re- 
 futing to refign it to him when he return- 
 ed, the King laid Siege to the Caftle, 
 and took it by Force, and from that 
 Time kept it in his own Hands, as did 
 alfo the following Kings, down as far as 
 King Richard the Second, who, in tha 
 firft of his Reign, Ann. 1377, created 
 
 John Mowbray, upon the Day of hi* 
 Coronation, Earl of Nottingham, with this 
 fpecial Claufe in the Charter of his 
 Creation, That all his Lands and Tene- 
 ments, of which he was then pofTefTed, 
 or fhould afterwards purc'nafe, fhoutd be 
 held fub Honcre Comitali, as Parcel of his 
 Earldom. He joined his Forces with the 
 Earl of Northumberland, and entered Sot- 
 land, 3. Rich. II. but died fbvne. few Years 
 after under Age at London, 6 Rich. II. 
 To him fucceeded 
 
 ThomasMowbray his Brother, then feven- 
 teen Years of Age. His Mother appoint- 
 ed him that Chriftian Name out of Re- 
 verence to Thomas Becket ArchbiQiop of ; 
 Canterbury, which the two Abbots of Foun- 
 tains and Salley, his Godfathers, readily 
 accepted. He was alfo created Earl of 
 Nottingham, as his Brother had been. He 
 being the Grandfon of Margaret the 
 Daughter, and fole Heir of Thomas Bro- 
 therton (fceond Son of King Edward I.) 
 Earl of Norfolk, and Earl Marfhal of 
 England, and being very ferviceable to 
 the King in his Wars, was in the ninth 
 Year of the fame King conftituted Earl 
 Marfhal of England, to hold the faid Of- 
 fice for Term of Life. After this he in- 
 crcafed fo much in the King's Favour, 
 that he was made Governor of Calais and 
 Lieutenant of Picardy, Flanders, ad Ar- 
 tois, Juftice of Che/er, Flintpire, and North- 
 Wales, and had the Office of Earl Mar- 
 ina! confirmed to him, with the Addition 
 of the Heirs Male of his Body. But not- 
 C a with-
 
 NO r?I NG TUM S HIRE. 
 
 20 
 
 withftanding all thefe Favours his Ene- 
 mies fo far" prevailed with the King, that 
 he caufcd him % be arrefted and indi&ed 
 of High Treafon at Nottingham, and Wit- 
 nefles were fuborned to prove it in the 
 enfuing Parliament, which Sentence to 
 efcape, he complied with the King's De- 
 figns of deftroying Richard Ear) of Arun- 
 del, his Wife's Father, and Thomas of 
 Woodftock Duke of Gloucejler, the King's 
 Uncle; by which execrable Fafts he me- 
 rited the King's Favour fo highly, that 
 he beftowed upon him the great Eftate 
 of the Earl, and advanced him to the 
 Title and Honour of Duke of Norfolk; 
 but Vengeance foon purfued him ; for 
 on that very Day Twelvemonth, that he 
 was inftrumental in the Murder of the 
 Duke of Gloucester, he fell irrecoverably 
 from the King s Favour, was imprifoncd, 
 his Eftate feiied, and he afterwards ba- 
 r.ifhcd for Life, which he ended at Venice 
 by the Peftilence, i Hen. IV. ijpsr. His 
 Son and Heir, 
 
 Thomas Mowlray fucceeded him in this 
 Earldom, and the Office of Earl Mar- 
 ilial, but not in the Dukedom of Norfolk. 
 He was but 14 Years old at his Father's 
 Death, and being young and indifcreet 
 was drawn in to take Part with Richard 
 Scroop Archbifliop of York, in a Confpiracy 
 again ft King Henry IV. and was beheaded 
 in that City, his Head being fet upon the 
 "Walls, and his Body buried in the Cathe- 
 dral. To him fucceeded 
 
 Join Mowbray, his Brother, aged fe- 
 venteen Years, 8 Hen. IV. He ferved King 
 Henry V. in his Wars with France with a 
 Hundred Men at Arms, and three Hun- 
 dred Archers, and fo continuing till that 
 King's Death he was detained in the 
 feme Wars in the Reign of King Henry 
 the Sixth, ufing hitherto no other Titles 
 than Earl Marmal, and Earl of Notting- 
 ham, but having behaved himfelf well in 
 thofe Wars all along, he was, in 3 Hen* 
 VI. by the Parliament then held at Wejt- 
 minfter, reftored to the Title and Dignity 
 f Duke of Norfolk. He died Oftob. 19. 
 11 Hen. VI. leaving 
 
 John Mowbray his Son Heir of his Ho- 
 nours and Eftate. The Title of Duke of 
 War confirmed to him, 2.3 Hen, 
 
 VI. and he had a Grant of a Place in 
 Parliament and elfewherc next to the 
 Duke of Exeter. He was confirmed Ju- 
 Itice Itinerant of all the King's Forrcfts 
 on the South Side of Trent, and being a 
 Perlbn very devout, went divers Pilgri- 
 mages to Rome, Jerttfalem, and other Pla- 
 ces, and vowed to have gorre fcveral 
 more, but that he was prevented by 
 Death, which happened to him i EJ<&> IV* 
 Anno 1460. 
 
 John Moivbray, his Son, who had been 
 created in his Life-time Earl of Warren 
 and Surrey, ftccceded him in his Eftate 
 and Honour. He fubfcribed the Recog- 
 nition made fn Parliament to Prince Ed- 
 ward the King's eldeft Son, 11 Ediv. IV. 
 and ferved the King in his Wars with 
 France, Reg. 14. He died at Framinpharrt- 
 CnRle, and was buried at Tbetford, leaving 
 Iflue his fole Daughter and Heir Anne v 
 then but four Years old, who being af- 
 terwards married to 
 
 Richard Duke of 2V, fecond Son to> 
 King Edward 1 IV. he became intitled, a- 
 mong other high Dignities, to this Earl- 
 dom of Nottingham, but not living to have 
 any IfTue by her, the Honour and Inhe- 
 ritance of this great Houfe defcended to- 
 the Families of Berkley and Hovjarct, to 
 whom the two Daughters of Thomas Moiv- 
 brsy, firft Duke of Norfolk, Ifabel and 
 Margaret, were married :. And on that 
 Account, 
 
 William Lord Berkley, Grandfon of the 
 Lady Ifabel aforefaid, by Sir James BerJf- 
 lev, was by King Richard III. created 
 Earl of Nottingham, but lofing that King's 
 Favour foon after, by his Adhering to 
 Henry Duke of Buckingham, "who Ibught 
 to pull down King Richard, he fled into 
 Britanny in France to Henry Duke of Rick* 
 mond, afterwards King Henry VII. and af- 
 fifting him till he attained the Throne, he' 
 was conftituted by that Prince Earl Mar- 
 ftul of; England, and Marquefs of Berkley. 
 He had three Wives, but no Child by 
 cither of them, and tho' he had a Bro- 
 ther, named Maurice, yet being offended 
 at him for marrying a Perfon of ignoble 
 Parentage, he,' by Indenture dated Der. 
 
 1C*
 
 NO T'flKG'HJMS HIR& 
 
 i*. 3 Sett. VII. aflured his Honour and 
 Eftate to King Henry VII. and the Heirs 
 Male of his Body, by which Settlement 
 his Brother Mauri* was utterly deprived 
 of all his Honours ; but 'being a prudent 
 Man he recovered feveral Manors be- 
 longing to his Family, which upon a ftrift 
 Search he found did not pafs to the King 
 by his Brother's Settlement ; but this 
 Earldom was loft to this Family, and 
 lay dormant till 
 
 Henry Fttz-Roy, the Natural Son of 
 King Henry VIIJ. by the Lady Talboife, 
 called Elizabeth B/wwf, and born at his 
 Manor of Blakemore in Effex, about the 
 tenth Year of his Reign, was, about the 
 Age of fix Years, created Earl of Not- 
 tingham, and about fifteen Years after 
 Dnke of Richmond, QPc. He was a Prince 
 very forward in Martial Affairs, and had 
 attained a competent Knowledge of 
 Tongues and Sciences, which was fo much 
 admired in a Perfon of his great Quality, 
 that the great Antiquary Leland dedicated 
 a Bcok to him. He married Mary the 
 Daughter of Thomas Howard Duke of 
 Norfolk, and Earl Marihal of England, 
 but had no Iffue by her, and fo this Ho- 
 nour became again vacant, and fo con- 
 tinued, till Queen Elizabeth made 
 
 Charles Howard Baron of Effingham, High 
 Admiral of England, Earl of Nottingham, 
 not only becaufe he was defcended of the 
 Mowbrays Earls of Nottingham, but chiefly 
 becaufe he had fo highly merited by his 
 eminent Services in 1588, in defending 
 the Realm from the intended Invafion 
 of the Spaniards by their invincible Ar- 
 mado, as they thought it, and afterwards 
 facking Cadiz, in Spain, and deftroying 
 the Spanijh Fleet then in the Port. He 
 was entruftcd with feveral great Offices 
 afterwards in this Queen's and King 
 James the Firft's Reign, and died in a 
 very advanced Age in 1614, having been 
 Earl twenty-feven Years, and Knight of 
 the Garter fifty-two, being at that Time 
 eighty-eight Years old. His only Son 
 then livtng, named. 
 
 Charles Howard fucceeded him in this 
 Earldom, He had three Wivcsy b ut by 
 
 the laft of them, viz,. Margaret Daughter 
 of James Earl of Murray in Scotland, 
 had Children only, viz.. two Sons, James 
 and Charles, fames the cldeft died un- 
 married in his Life-time, and 
 
 Charles his younger Son thereupon fuc- 
 ceeded to hi.s Honours, but dying with- 
 out Iffue his Barony of Effingham defcend- 
 ed and came to Francis Howard of Great 
 Buckham in Surrey Efq; the next Heir 
 Male, but this Earldom became vacant^ 
 till 
 
 
 
 Himage Find, Lord Finch of Ddventry 
 (which Manor he was then. Owner of) in 
 the County of Northampton, was created 
 by King Charles II. Earl of Nottingham. 
 He was the Son and Heir of Heneage Finch 
 the fourth Son of Sir Moyle Finch, the 
 twenty-fifth Baronet of King James the 
 Firft's Creation. This Sir Moyle marry- 
 ing Elizabeth the only Daughter of Sir 
 Thomas Hineage Kt. who had been Trea- 
 furer of the Chamber, Vice-Chamberlain 
 of the Houlhold, and Chancellor of the 
 Dutchy of Lavcafler to Queen Elizabeth, 
 and of her Privy Council, had been more 
 highly dignify'd, but that his Death pre- 
 vented it. However, his Relit):, being a 
 Lady of excellent Endowments,- Kins; 
 James I. advanced her to the Honour of 
 Vifcountefs of Maidjtone, and a little af- 
 ter of (Jountels of Winchelfea, who dying 
 in 1633, her Son Thomas inherited her 
 Honour of Earl of fVinchelfea, as his Po- 
 fterity now enjoy it. Sir Hineage Finch; 
 the Father of this Earl, being brought, 
 up to the Study of the municipal Laws of 
 this Kingdom, was Recorder of the City, 
 of London, and Speaker of the Houfe of 
 Commons, Anno 1625, i Car. I. This 
 Lord, being upon the Reiteration of 
 King Charles II. noted for his great Know- 
 ledge of the Laws of this Nation, waff 
 made firft Solicitor General, then Attor- 
 ney General, and laftly created a Baro- 
 net, June 7. i6do/by the Name of Sir 
 Himage Pinch of Raunjlon in the County 
 of Buckingham Kt. which Stations he ma- 
 naged with fuch Acceptation to his Ma- 
 jefty, that he mad? him Lord Keeper of 
 the Great Seal in 1673, , aii d fliortly af-- 
 ter a Baron of thisr Realm by the Title
 
 2-2 
 
 NO J fING HA MS H IRE. 
 
 of Lord Pinch of Daventry; nd in the 
 Year 1675. Earl of Nottingham. He mar- 
 ried the Daughter of Daniel Harvy, a 
 Merchant of London , by whom he had 
 many Children, both Sons and Daugh- 
 ters. 
 
 Daniel Fifth, the Eldcft Son, fucceeded 
 his Father in this Earldom of Nottingham', 
 and, as in his Father's Life-time he gave 
 great Proof of his noble Genius and A- 
 bilities, for which he was chofe a Mem- 
 ber of Parliament, and made one of the 
 Lords Coirimiffi oners of the Admiralty, 
 and a Privy Councellor; fo fince he wr.s 
 Earl he hath fhewed himfelf one of the 
 principal Statefmen of the Kingdom , 
 having been Secretary of State more than 
 once/Lord President of the Privy Coun- 
 cil^.&c. He is yet living, but for Age 
 retired from the Fatigues of State-Offi- 
 ces. He hath many Children, viz- five 
 Sons, and eight Daughters, of which 
 Sons, Daniel Lord Finch is the El deft, and 
 has been for fome Seffions a Member of 
 the Houfe of Commons. 
 
 Having thus defcribed the Chief Town 
 in this County, which rakes its Name 
 from it, according to the bcft Light we 
 could get ; we fliall now proceed to di'f- 
 courfe of the other Towns and Villages 
 in the Method above propounded. Be- 
 ginning with 
 
 The Wapentake of Rufdiffe, or Rifdiffe. 
 
 This Wapentake is fituate on the moft 
 Southern part of this County, and hath 
 for its Boundaries on the South, Part of 
 LeL-eftfrfiire ; on the Eaft, the Wapentake 
 of Bingbam ; on the North, the River 
 Trent, which divides it from Nottingham ; 
 and on the Weft, Part of the Wapentake 
 of Broxtow, and Darbyfiire. It contains 
 now that Part of the County, which was 
 anciently called Plumbtree- Hundred- Joan 
 the Wife of Thomas de Holland, 26 Ed-w. 
 III. dyed feifed of this Wapentake. But 
 now we fuppofe the Fee of it ro be in the 
 Crown. There is no Makct Town in it, 
 by Rcafon of its nearnefs to Nottingham. 
 T'. Villages, of which we find any thing 
 Confiderablc, are theft, viz. 
 
 Adbohon, a Manor belonging to the Fa- 
 mily of Strelley, or Stradley, in the Reigtt 
 of King jfchn, wich the Advowfon of the 
 Church ; and afterward to the Rofels, by 
 Marriage of the 'Heirefs of the Strelleys, 
 who fold it. to Robert Earl of Kingfon; 
 and fo it belongs at Prefent to the Noble 
 Family of the Pierpoints. The Inhabi- 
 tants and PofTeflbrs of this Town, -being 
 fenfible of the Convenience and Safety of 
 Incloiuras, as well as the Profit of them, 
 have lately feparated their Lands from 
 the Common Field, and fenced. them in. 
 Robert Stirly, and Fridefwide his Wife, had 
 a Tenement in this Town, which they 
 changed with King Edward VI. Rtg. z. 
 for Lands in Leicejlerfiire, Torkjhire, &c. 
 The Church was a Re&ory, and the pre- 
 fent.Duke of Kingfton is Patron: It is va- 
 lued in the King's Book at a 7. 13 /. 9 d. 
 but is now become a Vicarage we know 
 not how. This Village joins to Eadwal- 
 tan ', of which hereafter. 
 
 Baney, called allb in ancient Writings 
 and Records Boney and Bunney, a Vil- 
 lage fituate upon a namelefs Rivulet, fo 
 called from .the Reeds of this Lordfhip. 
 One Lovenot was the Owner inthe'Con- 
 felfor's Time, as alfo of divers other con- 
 fiderable Places in this County, of which 
 we fhall fpeak afterward. Ralph Fttz-hu- 
 bert in after Times is certified to be his 
 Sdcceflor in thefe Eftates. Odo de Bonsia 
 held much Lands hereabouts, of the Fee 
 of this Ralph de Fitz-Hubert, in -the Time 
 of King Henry I. for he gave two Parts 
 of the Tythes of the Dememe here to 
 the Church of Lenten. 'Tis probable, he 
 took his Name from this Place. King 
 Henry III. being at Nottingham , granted 
 to Ra!(>h de Frefchwil, Reg. 39. free War- 
 ren in this his Manor of Boney. From 
 the Fitz-Huberts it come by Marriage, or 
 Inheritance, to Ralph de Frefchevil, the 
 the Son of Anker de Frefchevil, in the 
 Reign of King Henry III. He held this 
 Manor of the King in Capite by Barony, 
 and was the Anceftor of Peter Frefchevil, 
 who for his exemplary Valour in the 
 Battle -of Mufcleborcugh in Scotland, in the 
 Time of King Edward VI. had the Ho- 
 nour of Knighthood conferred upon him. 
 
 And
 
 NO ?<? 1NGHJMSHIRE. 
 
 And more lately 'twas the Eftate of John 
 Frefchevil of Staveley in Darbyjlrire ', who 
 having ferved King Charles I. (of .glorious 
 Memory) not only in Times 01 Peace, 
 but as an expert Commander in his Ar- 
 mies againft the Anti-monarchical Long 
 Parliament, and perfevering in his Loy- 
 alty till the happy Reftoration of King 
 Charles II. was by Letters Patent, dated 
 March 6. 1664, advanced to the Degree 
 and Dignity of a Baron of this Realm, 
 by the Title of Lord Frefchevil of Stavely, 
 and to the Heirs Male of his Body. His 
 Widow, the Lady Frefchevil, was a long 
 Time a faithful and favourite Servant of 
 our late gracious Sovereign Queen ANN. 
 The Frefchevils alienated this ManoV in 
 King Edward the II's. Reign ; and from 
 them it hath pafled through feveral Fa- 
 milies, as thofe of Belers, Swi/ftngton, 
 Crumwell, and IIHngworth, to the Parkins, 
 whofe Anceftor Richard Parkins Efq; de- 
 fcended of the Parkins'* of Barkfoire, 
 bought it in the latter End of Queen 
 JMary's, or Beginning of Queen Eliza- 
 beth's Reign. From this Time the Par- 
 Mini's have fucceffively held it, and had 
 here a noble Seat called Bunney-Houfe. 
 The Chapter of Southwell, having the Ad- 
 vowfon of the Church here, did, 1 7 Ed- 
 ward II. appropriate it to make -a Chan- 
 try for the Soul of the Archbifhop of 
 York, in the Chapel of our Lady : But 
 Richard de Gray, Heir of Anker de Frefche- 
 vil, 5 Edward III. recovered the Adx'ow- 
 fon of this Church from the Chapter of 
 Soutlwell. The Patronage of the Vica- 
 rage, before the Suppreffion of the Ab- 
 Sies, belonged to the Prior of Ulvefcroft ; 
 but now to jfojhua Parkins Efq; It is va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 6 I. 15 j. In 
 the Church are thefe Monuments, (i.) 
 for Humphry Barley, whofe Anceftor mar- 
 ried one of the Heirs of the I&ngwortbs. 
 (2.y Richard Parkins, who' pure hafed this 
 Manor, and died io"o3. Robert de Gla- 
 morgan, the Pope's Sub Deacon, was Rec- 
 tor of this Parifh. 
 
 . Bradmere, which fignifies a. Broad Mere, 
 or Lake, the adjoining Town and Lord- 
 ihip belonged alio anciently, at, or near 
 the Conqueft, to Rxfyb Fitz^Hubert, 'who 
 gave it foon after to Rkhard de Bradmere 
 
 his Uncle ; but it continued not long in 
 his Family ; for in the Reign of King 
 Henry II. it was divided between Henry de 
 Stutevile, and Hubert Fitz-RaJph, who en- 
 feoffcd Sir Rlrhard Grey, Lord of r odnovre y 
 with it, 5 Edward II. His Pofterity fold it 
 to the TVifoughbies, and they to Sir Ri- 
 chard Parkins, whofe Family now enjoy it. 
 Barton, or, as we find it written in an- 
 cient Records, Bertune. In the Conque- 
 ror's Time Goisfrid Affelin, orHanfelin, was 
 poflefled of this Lordfhip ; but the Head 
 and Principal Seat of his Barony was at 
 Shelford in this County, as we fhall here- 
 after fhew. It continued fome Defcents 
 in this Family of the Hanfelins ; but at 
 length ending in the Heir general, the 
 Daughter and Heir of Ralph Hanfelin, 
 who married to Thomas Lord Bardolf, it 
 pafled, with diverfe other Eftates, into 
 that Family, who anfwered for the Scu- 
 tage of the Fees of the Hanfelins in the 
 Reigns of King Henry II. Richard I. and 
 King John. How, or when this Manor 
 was conveyed from the Bardolphs, and to 
 whom, we know not ; but do obferve, 
 that this Manor, 1 3 Edward I. was in the - 
 Pofleffion of Henry Pierpoint, and his 
 Heirs, doing Homage for it to jpohn de 
 Rodes ; for Sir W. Dugdale tells us, that 
 the faid John, the Son of Gerhard de Rodes, 
 did that Year make a Grant of the Ho- 
 mage and Services of Henry Pierpoint and 
 his Heirs, for this Manor of Barton, to 
 Henry de Tibitot, his Wife, and Son ; after 
 which we find nothing, but that this 
 Place hath been famous in later Times 
 for its Lords ; the Sacheverels (whom wer 
 find in ancient Records to be written Sa- 
 chenereli] who are defcended from Robert 
 de Sacheverel, who lived in the Reign of 
 King Henry II. as he was from Edmund 
 Lord Morley, about the Time of the Con- 
 queft. They have been an eminent Fa* 
 mily in thefe Parts for many Hundred 
 Years ; for in the Cotalogue of SheriiFs 
 for this and Barbvjbire, we find Sir Henry 
 Sacbenerel Sheriff twice in the Reign of 
 King Henry VIII. and his Son Henry (chert 
 written) Sacheverel, Sheriff of the faid 
 Counties in the fortieth Year of Queen 
 Elizabeth's Reign ; and again, when thofe 
 Counties had diftint Sheriffs, he, or one 
 
 f
 
 N r f I N G H A M S H / R E . 
 
 of the fame Name and Family, "was She- 
 riff 6 Jafob. I. Lut none of them made 
 the Name fo famous as, i. that brave 
 and wife Patriot William Sacheverel Efq; 
 vho fo often reprefcnted the Town of 
 Nottingham of late Years in Parliament, 
 and was very inltrumental in managing 
 And bringing about the happy Revolution, 
 hy the Recefs of King James II. who, by 
 leaving the Nation headlefs, neceflitated 
 the People to provide themfelves a Go- 
 vernor, by advancing King William III. 
 to the Throne. 2. That Refolute and 
 Learned Divine, Dr. Henry Sacheverel, 
 Rctior of St. Andrew's in Holbourn, London ', 
 who , having boldly preached before 
 the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, Nov. 5. 
 1709, was impeached by the Houfe of 
 Commons for High Crimes and Alifde- 
 tr.eanors, and being found guilty on his 
 Trial before the Lords, he was by them 
 condemned to three Years Silence. The 
 Patronage of this Church, before the 
 Diflblution of the Abbies, belonged to 
 the Priory of Lenton in Derbyfoire \ and 
 after the Town of Nottingham petitioned 
 King Henry to bcftow this Advowfon on 
 them ; but the King reje&ing their Pe- 
 tition, granted it, Reg. 34. to the Arch- 
 bifhop of York and his Succeflbrs, who 
 ftill enjoy it. It is valued in the King's 
 "Books at this Time at 19 /. 5 j. 9 d. In 
 the Windows of this Church and Chancel 
 are feveral Arms of the Greys, Loudhams, 
 and Cokefelds ; and in the Chancel divers 
 Monuments for the Sacheverels, as on the 
 South Side for Henry Sacheverel, and at the 
 South End for William Sacheverel; and 
 near them another for Henry Sacheverel of 
 Barton, who died in 1598, for Ralph Sa- 
 theverel, who died in 1605, and Emme his 
 "Wife, who died in 1606, Mary Sacheverel, 
 and Her.ry her cldcft Son, who died in 
 
 1674- 
 
 P,iUinpton Long. See Wiffcttghty in the 
 Wolds. Bonington, or Roniton See Sutton- 
 Bonitcn. Both in this Wapcntake. 
 
 Bridffordjfo called from its Situation by 
 the Budge laid ever the Trent there. 
 Mr. Cambden fays, that Edward the lildcr 
 built this Village over-againtt Nottingham. 
 But Dr. Tl-orcton tells us, that Mr. Camb- 
 
 den was miitaken, becaufe Bradford was a 
 Member of Clifton, and not of Nottingham, 
 before the Saxon Government was chan- 
 ged. After the Conqueit, William Peverel 
 had a Grant of the greateft Part of it, 
 together with Gameljlon (called in our 
 Maps Gremjion) an Hamlet belonging to 
 it. After the Peverels, the Family of the 
 Lutterels, (whether by Marriage, or Pur- 
 chafe, we know not) became the eminent 
 Owners of it. But it was upon Condition 
 of paying Homage and Services to a Su- 
 perior Lord ; for it appears from ancient 
 Hiftories, that John, the Son of Gerhard 
 de Rodes, did, 13 Edward I. make a Grant 
 to Henry de Ttbetot, Eve his Wife, and 
 Pain his Son and Heir, of the Homage 
 and Services of Robert Lutterel and hi* 
 Heirs, for this Manor of Bridgfcrd. They 
 were defccnded from Jeffrey de Lutterel t 
 who, in King Richard I's. Reign, Jiad his 
 Lands foiled for adhering to John Earl 
 of Moreton, that King's Brother, who, 
 afpiring to the Throne, caufed great Di- 
 fturbances in the Nation ; but 'twas not 
 long before John obtained his Defires by 
 the Death of his Brother, and then all 
 his Eftate was reftored him, and this a- 
 mong others, which his Pofterity held 
 for divers Succeffions, and through divers 
 Reigns. From the Lutterels, this Manor, 
 with other Eftates, palfcd by Marriage 
 to the Hiltons, in the Reign of King Hen- 
 ry V. And from them in the Time of 
 King Edward VI. to the Thimelbies ; who 
 fold it, after fome Time, to Sir Henry Pier- 
 point, the Father of Robert Earl of King- 
 jlon, the firft Earl of that Honourable 
 Houfe. The Pierpoints are ftill Lords of 
 the Manor. The Church is a Reftory, 
 the Advowfon of which hath gone all a- 
 long with the Manor, and is now in the 
 Patronage of the Duke of K/n*J}on. It is 
 valued m the King's Books at 16 /. 13 s. 
 a d. Thor. I9/..8/. 6 d. '. Afton. 
 
 Clifton, or, as the Saxon Name implies, 
 Bank-Town, fo called, becaufe it is fitu- 
 atc on the Bank, or S ; dc, of the River 
 Trent. In Ed-wrd the ConfefTbr's Time it 
 was held by the Countefs Gcda(as Domcf- 
 day Book tells us) but the Conqueror 
 changed the Property of ir, and gave it 
 
 his
 
 NO 
 
 ING HA MS HIRE. 
 
 his Natural Son, William Peverel, with 
 many other Manors in this County. His 
 Son William Peverel being forced to fly to 
 efcape Juftice due to him for Poifoning 
 Ranulph Earl of Cbe/ler, ( as is above 
 fhewn) King Henry II. feized upon all his 
 Caftles, and other Pofleflions ; of which, 
 though he kept the greateft Part in his 
 own Hands, he gave this Manor to Gar- 
 kode de Efcode. In King Henry Ill's. Reign, 
 Ralph de Redes was Lord of this Manor ; 
 but it remained not long in his Family, 
 for his Son Gerard de Rodes, Lord of Melles, 
 granted this Town , and the Hamlet 
 of Wtlford thereunto belonging, to Sir Ger- 
 vafe de Clifton, in King Edward I's. Time, 
 V/ho was defcended of Sir Aimed de Clifton 
 Lord of the Manor of Wilford, and Go- 
 vernor of Nottingham Cajile in the Con- 
 queror's or William Rufus's Days ; and 
 his Pofterity of the fame Name are Lords 
 of this Manor at this Day. The Church 
 here is a Re&ory, and Sir Geruafe Clifton 
 is the prefent Patron. Ic is valued in the 
 King's Books at 21 /. 7 /. 6 d. In the 
 Church are many Monuments for divers 
 of the Family of the Clifton's, as Ifabel, 
 the Wife of Sir Gervafe Clifton ; Alice the 
 "Wife of Robert Clifton ; as alfo for Sir 
 Robert and Sir Gervafe Cliftons. In the 
 Quire is an handfome Tomb for Gervafe, 
 Robert, and Anthony CliftoKs, with their 
 Effigies carved and lying on it. In the 
 South Ifle for Sir Gervafe Clifton, and Alary 
 his Wife ; and in the North Ifle for George 
 Clifton, Efq; and Winifred his Wife. But 
 the fineft Monument of this Family is in 
 the Chancel, erefted for Sir Gervafe Clif- 
 ton and his feven Wives. In the Church 
 and Chancel are many Arms, as of New- 
 mar fo, Creffy, Frefcheville, Clifton, S willing- 
 ton, Sellers, Grey, Laudham, Pierpoint and 
 B-'-aytoft, as alfo of Francis Bray toft and 
 Nevil, quartered with the Cliftons. 
 
 Several of this Family of Clifton have 
 been Men of great Eminency in their 
 Times, as i. Sir Gervafe Clifton, who was 
 High Sheriff of Kent in the Reign of 
 King Henry VI. and at the fame Time 
 Lieutenant of Dover Cajile, under the Con- 
 ftable, Humfrey the good Duke of Glou- 
 cefter, that King's Uncle. He was alfo 
 Treafurer of Calais, and of the 
 
 Pale in Piccardy, as alfo Governor of 
 Pontoife ; but after all, being a zealous 
 Perfoti for the Houfe of Lancajler, and 
 fighting for his Mafler King He my VI. at 
 the Battle of Tewksbury, he was taken, 
 and, haying been proclaimed a Rebel 
 and Traitor, was beheaded there May 7. 
 1471. 2. Sir J-chn Clifton, and Sir Ger- 
 vafe his Son, founded in King Edward 
 the Fourth's Reign, a College in this 
 Town, which they dedicated to the Holy 
 Trinity. This Sir Gervafe was -Efquirc of 
 the Body to King Edward IV. and after- 
 ward was made a Knight of the Bath ac 
 the Coronation of King Richard IIL and, 
 upon the Attainder of Henry Duke of 
 Buckingham he procured a Grant of all 
 the Lands that Duke held in Ratdiff on 
 the Sore, ard feveral other Places in this 
 and other Counties. 3. Another Sir Ger- 
 vafe Clifton Kt. who then had his Scat in 
 this Place, was High Sheriff of this Coun- 
 ty in the fourteenth Year of Queen EH- 
 zabeth's Reign. 4. There was another 
 Sir Gervafe ^Clifton Knight of the Bath, 
 who dwelt at this Place, who was made 
 a Baronet in the ninth Year of King 
 fames I. He was the thirteenth Baronec 
 of England, and was efteemed the moft 
 gentile and courteous Man in the North. 
 He was profperous and generally beloved.. 
 He kept a noble Houfe, and was as cha- 
 ritable as hofpitable. He ferved eight 
 Times in Parliament, as Knight of tha 
 Shire for this County, partly in King 
 Barnes the Firft's Reign, and partly in 
 the Reign of King Charles the Second, 
 tho' there were near forty Years Spaced 
 between the Death of the one and' the 
 Reftoration of the other, from which 
 Time his Reign properly commences. 
 He was one of the Commiflioners in the 
 Treaties of Oxford and Newark, between 
 King Charles the Firft and his rebellious 
 Parliament. He died at above eighty 
 Years of Age, June 18. 1666, and was 
 attended to his Grave by Sir WiHiam Dug- 
 dale, Norroy King at Arms, Elias Afimole 
 Efq; Windfor Herald, and Mr. Ryley, Lan- 
 cajter Herald, a Pomp much aftefted by 
 the English Nobility and Gentry in elder 
 Times, but difufed, if not reje&ed and 
 flighted, by ours. About the lame Time 
 D lived
 
 NO 
 
 ING HAM SHIRE. 
 
 lived (5.) another Sir Gervafe Clifton of 
 Layton ErowfwouJd in the County of Hun- 
 tinpton Kt. a Branch of the ancient Fami- 
 ly of Cliftons of this Place, who had the 
 Title of Lord Clifton conferred upon him 
 by a Writ of Summons to Parliament 
 lent him July 9. 6 J-ac. I. certainly with 
 Refpe& to his great Wifdom and Pru- 
 dence as well as Eftate : But in him we 
 may fee the fad and fatal Eife&s of an 
 extravagant Paflion. He had a Cafe in 
 Chancery, which coming before Sir Fran- 
 cis Bacon, then Chancellor, happened to 
 be determined againft him, and this 
 Lord's Decree was made accordingly, 
 which Sir Ger-vafe received with fo much 
 Anger, that he faid in his Paflion, He 
 was forry that he had not ftabbed Sir 
 Francis, for making a Decree againft him. 
 For thofe Words he was committed to 
 the Tower, December 30. 15 fac. I. 1617, 
 where when* he. had been fome Time he 
 in more mad Paflion murthered himfelf 
 in October 1618, 16 Jac. I. leaving only 
 one Daughter, named Catharine his Heir ; 
 flie married Efme Stewart Duke of Rich- 
 mond and Lenox, who left by her only one 
 Daughter, who, as Heir to her Mother, 
 claimed the Title and Dignity of Ba- 
 ronefs Clifton) in the Parliament fitting 
 at Wejlminjler in 1661. and t \vas allowed 
 it by the fame Parliament in 1674. 
 6. Sir Gervafe Clifton above mentioned, 
 who had his Seat here, was fucceeded by 
 Sir Clifford Clifton Bar. and he by Sir Wil- 
 liam Clifton, who have rendered their old 
 Seat here extreamly pleafant by the Ad- 
 vantage of the Trent's Bank, and the fine 
 Walks of Trees about it. 
 
 In the Church here are feveral noble 
 Monuments for this Family, as in the 
 South Choir is a very noble one and a lof- 
 ty one on the South Wall ; two in the 
 North Side in the Crofs Ifle, as alfo one 
 with the Effigies of Sir Gervafe Clifton Kr. 
 and Bar. whom we have defcribed as de- 
 ferving fuch Remembrance. 
 
 Coriingjlock, or, as ancient Records call it, 
 CortHfif[Jlock,o\ir Maps call it Codlingftoke, and 
 vulgar Pronunciation Cojlocke. It took its 
 Name from one Corting, the ancient Saxon 
 Owner. Algar and Godric, two Saxon 
 Lords, had Manors here before the Con- 
 
 queror's Coming, after which (but hov 
 long we know not) one WtUiarn obtained 
 the Manor of this Town, tind his Pofteri- 
 ty, who were at length called de Corting- 
 Jfock, held it till the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward I. but farther we find not. In King 
 Edward the Fourth's Reign one John de 
 Trenthale held this Manor, and being an 
 Adherent to the Lancaflrian Title when 
 the Crown was in Difpute, as loon as 
 King Ed-ward IV. was fettled on the 
 Throne, he was attainted, and his Lands 
 being confifcated, this Manor of Cortling*- 
 flock was given by that King to his Bro- 
 ther Richard Duke of Tork, afterward 
 King Richard III. Whether this Manor, 
 after King Richard's Death, remained in 
 the Crown, or returned to the Trenthales, 
 who probably, having loft it for Si- 
 ding with the Lancaftrians, might recover 
 it when King Henry VII. was eftabliflied 
 on the Throne, we have not Light enough 
 to difcover, nor do certainly know who> 
 is the prefcnt Lord, unlefsit be Mr. Arm- 
 Jlrong, who is the Patron of the Re&ory, 
 which is ufually an Appendant to the 
 Lordflnp. The Prior of Lenton was Pa- 
 tron of the Re&ory before the Diflolu- 
 tion of the Abbies, when it was valued at 
 12 /. but is now in the King's Book, but 
 7/. iSj. 4rf. 
 
 Eadwalton, or Edzvalton, that is, Ed~ 
 <walds-Tc<wn, a fmall Manor, held by one 
 Stepi before the Norman Invasion, as alfo 
 by Goda the Countefs in the Conqueror's-. 
 Time ; but it being taken from her by 
 that King was given to Hugh Grentemaifnill^. 
 one of thofe ftout Captains, who by the 
 Battle of Hajllngs fettled him on the 
 Throne, and was afterward in fo great 
 Reputation with him, that he conftituted 
 him one, who was to aflift Odo Bilhop of 
 Baieux in the Adminiftration of Jullice 
 thro' the whole Kingdom. From his Fa- 
 mily this Manor came to Robert Fitz-Ralpb, 
 who is faid to be one of thofe Knights,, 
 who aflaflinated Thomas Eecket Archbifliop 
 of Canterbury ; to attone for which Mur- 
 ther he is faid to have built the Abbey 
 of Beanchiefe in Darbyjhire. His Pofterity 
 enjoy "d it till Iflue Male failing it came by 
 the Marriage of t-heHeirefles to the Family 
 of Chawortbs, (of whom Thomas de Chawortb 
 
 obtained.
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Obtained a Grant of a Free-Warren there, 
 41 Hen. III.) and Lathams, Some think that 
 Edivald's Town is now in the Pariflt of Ro- 
 Aington, a neighbouring Village, but we 
 meet with no convincing Reafon to re- 
 move it from the Place that bears fo 
 plain a Proof in the^Name of it. 
 
 dy or Flawforth Church. See Ro- 
 
 Gamfton, or Gamelejlon, a fmall Village 
 near Bridftrd, the Manor of which was 1 3 
 Edw. I. the Eftate of John the Son of 
 Gerhard, de Rhodes, tho' then held by Ro- 
 bert LatertI; for at that Time, as Sir Wil- 
 liam Dugdale tells us, 'John de Rodes did 
 make a Grant to Henry de Tlbltot, and Eve 
 his Wife, and Pain his Son and Heir, of 
 the Homage and Services of Robert Luterel 
 and his Heirs for this Manor of Gamjion ; 
 but the Lutterels at length became Owners 
 of it, 6 Rich. I. Andrew Lutterel obtained a 
 Charter of Free- Warren in all his De- 
 mefne Lands here, 36 Htn. III. but Iflue 
 Male failing, the Heir General carried 
 this and the reft of their Eftate into the 
 Family of Thimelbyes, of which John Thi- 
 melby fold it to Sir Henry Pierpoint, whofe 
 Descendant the Duke of Kingjlon now 
 enjoys it. 
 
 Glapton, a fmall Ham-let of Clifton, and 
 belonging to the fame Lords. Gervafe 
 Clifton Efq; Son and Heir of Sir Gervafe 
 Clifton, had his Refidence in this Hamlet, 
 from whence he was fometimes called 
 frervafe de Glapton. 
 
 Gotham, a Place for nothing Ib famous. 
 as for a ridiculous Fable of the Inhabi-' 
 tants of Gotham, who went about to hedge 
 in a Cuckow, from whence the Proverb, 
 As wife as a Man of Gotham, hath fprung, 
 to fignify a foolifh. Perfqn. What Origi- 
 nal this fcandalous faying had, we can't 
 find, and therefore unlefs fome good 
 Reafon can be produced it ought to be 
 laid afide, and never mentioned in Hiftory. 
 Indeed there is a Place in this Parifh, 
 called Court-hill, on which there ftands a 
 Bufli, called Ciick^w-Bujl), which may 
 feem to favour the Story of fencing in 
 the Cuckow, as growing in the Place 
 where the Het'ge was made ; but we may 
 reasonably fuupofc, that the Name was 
 impofed thro' Waggery. But we fhaU 
 not fpend our Time and Pains on iuch 
 
 27 
 
 Trifles, but give what Account we ca 
 of the Town. In the Conqueror's Survey- 
 it is called Gatham, from Goats, which we 
 may imagine at that Time were plentiful 
 in or about it, and being much cheriihed 
 here, it was called Goats-home, or Dwell- 
 ing. One Story was Lord of Part of this 
 Manor before the Norman Invalion ; but 
 after that it was taken from him, being a 
 Saxon, and given by the Conqueror to 
 Robert Earl of Moreton, one of his Norman 
 Followers. In After-Ages it came by 
 Grant, Purchafe, or Succefiion to the 
 Earls of Leicefter of the Houfe of Beau- 
 mont, who built a Caftle here. After the 
 Earls of Lelcejter the Family of Dives were 
 Lords of this Town in the Reign of King' 
 Henry II. and held it to the Time of King 
 Edward III. whcnWi/tiam deDive, leaving 
 only three Daughters, Matilda the eldeft 
 married Sir Seer de St. Andrew, and car- 
 ried this Manor into that Family, who 
 were Lords of it till the Reign of Queen 
 Mary I. when Iflue Male failing, Sir 
 Gervafe Pigot of Thrumpton became Lord 
 of it, by marrying Mary, one of the Co- 
 heirs of John St. Andrew, in Part, and 
 purchafed the other Part of her Sifter, 
 and fb was Lord of the whole Manor, 
 Which he left to his Pofterity, who now 
 enjoy it, Gervafe Pigot of Thrumpton Efq; 
 being now, or late the Owner of it. At 
 the Inltance of William Fitz-Wlttlam King 
 Edward I. granted Roger de St. Andrew * 
 Charter 01 Free-warren in this Town. 
 William furnamed de Gotham, who was 
 fifth Matter of Michael-Honfe in Cambridge 
 in, 1 3 ^6, and twice Chancellor of that U- 
 niverfity,' as grave and wife a Governor 
 as that Age did alroi'd, was born in this 
 Village. He flourilhcd in King Edward 
 the Second's Time, and was as eminent 
 for his VVilHom and Learning as any Man 
 in thofe Days, which Honour ought to 
 put an End to the abufive Proverb on, 
 the Inhabitants there. The Lord/hip 
 came by Marriage in Edward the-Firft's 
 Time to the Family of St. Andrews, which 
 was a Branch of the Family of the Ouin- 
 cy's, and the Pofterity of Sir Saier He St. 
 Andrew (whofe Chriftian Name feems ta- 
 ken from Salsr d Quhcy the Head of 
 that Family) enjoyed this Manor of Go- 
 tham (where they lived in great Repute) 
 D t many
 
 NO TTI NG HA M S HI RE. 
 
 many Hundred Years, till John de St. An- 
 drew Eiq; dying wichout Iflue Male in 
 the Reign of King Charles I. his cldeft 
 Daughter by Marriage carried it to her 
 Hu^oand, Gervafe Pigot Efq; whofe Suc- 
 ceilbrs hold it at this Day. 
 
 As to the Church, in the Time of 
 King Henr/ II. Hugh de Diva and Hslawif- 
 fa his Wife gave two Parts of the Tithe 
 of the Demefne of this Town to the Pri- 
 ory of St. Mary de Pratis near Lekejter, 
 which was founded by that Earl. The 
 Patronage of the Church in King Edward 
 the Firft's Days was in Nicholas St. Mature 
 arid Roger de St. Andrew, who prefented 
 alternately, as did alfo Mr. St. Andrew 
 and Mr. Salmon fome Time before ths 
 Diflblution of the Monafteries ; but now 
 Mr. Pigot is fole Patron. It is a Re&ory, 
 valued in the King's Books at ip/. 8 s. 
 j d. ',. In the Church are Monuments 
 for John St. Andrew and Alice his Wife ; 
 Hugh St. Andrew Re&or of it ; William 
 St* Andrew and Margaret his Wife ; and 
 -George St. Andrew \ But the moft ftately 
 ones are in the Chancel for William St. 
 Andrew ajid Mary his Wife, and John St. 
 Andrew. 
 
 * Key worth, in Dam tfday- bock Canard, but 
 more properly Chawcrth, fo called from 
 the ancient Lords of it, who, tho' they 
 y/ere originally of Brittany in France, being 
 called de Caducls, or Chaworth, yet com- 
 ing in with the Conqueror had great E- 
 ftates given them in this County, where 
 they flouri&ed long, and others. The 
 Manor doth now, or lately did, belong 
 to fotne of the Family of Perkins* fome 
 of whom have been Men of Note in this 
 County ; for Sir George Perkins Kt, was 
 High Sheriff of this County in the ele- 
 venth Year of King fames L and fjham 
 Perkins Efq; the fifth of the Reign of 
 King Charles I. The Church here is a 
 Re&ory, and while the Patronage of it 
 was in that Family of Barry there was a 
 Cuftom, that their Bull and Boar might 
 go free and eat in the Corn, Meadows, or 
 any other Place in this Town, where 
 they would, upon the Account of the Ad- 
 vow fon and fornc Tenements they held. 
 "While Mr. Barry was Patron it was va- 
 
 lued at 8 /. now Mr. Perkins is Patrol^ 
 and 'tis valued at 7 /. 5 /. 
 
 Kingjton, written Chenijton in Domefday- 
 Bcok, a Village {landing upon the Banks 
 of the River Sore. It was poflefled by 
 Earl Algar before the Entrance of the 
 Normans. He was the famous Saxon Earl 
 probably, who is fo often fpoken of in 
 the Hiftory of the Confeflbr's Reign. By 
 his Son Edwin's Rebellion his Lands came 
 into the Conqueror's Hands, and 'tis liker 
 ly, that being kept by the Kings for 
 fome Succeflions, it came to be called 
 the Kings-Town, and for Brevity Klng- 
 Jlon. Here were alfo at the fame Time 
 feveral Parcels of the Land of the Taynes. 
 One was held by one Algar, which 'was 
 two Carucates, and was afterward held of 
 the Conqueror by Sauvinus, and was worth 
 10 s. Another was held by Ulchet ; the 
 Land was but one Carucate. Of thefc 
 Taynlands there was one Carucate Soc to 
 Radclive, of which Place this Town was 
 efteemed a Member commonly. When 
 it was alienated from the Crown, and 
 how we can't difcover, but we find, that 
 in the Reign of King.Hw/ VIII. Anno 
 primo. This Lordfliip was- the Seat, of the 
 Bablngtons, who had a fair Hoitfe here, 
 and were a flouriming Family for near a 
 Century after, till in Queen Elizabeth's 
 Reign Part of it was forfeited to the 
 Crown ; for Anthony Babington Efq; the 
 Lord of it, being found guilty of a Con- 
 fpiracy of dethroning that Queen, and 
 fetting up in her Place Mary Queen oT 
 Scots, then a Prifbner in Fotheringay-Caflle., 
 was hanged, and his Eftate here feized,, 
 as forfeited to the Crown by his Treafbn. 
 The other Part of this Manor belonged 
 to his Brother, Francis Babington, who, be- 
 ing a loofe extravagant Spark, fquander'd 
 it away foon after, and being fold to 
 George Earl of Shrewsbury, the whole Lord- 
 fhip became that Earl's ; but it did not 
 continue long in his Family ; for his 
 Daughter the Countefs of Kent conveyed 
 it to the Lady Hide, in whofe Family it 
 hath been fome confidcrable Time ; for 
 Sir Thomas Hide was lately the Owner of 
 it. This Town hath been a long Time 
 inclofed, and is now, thro' ill Husbandry, 
 
 and
 
 HA M SHIR k. 
 
 and other Mifmanagements much depo- 
 pulated. The Tithes of this Town did 
 anciently belong to the Priory of Norton ; 
 but how they are fettled Since that Mo- 
 naftery is diSTblved we cannot tell. There 
 is a Tomb of Stone-work in the Chapel 
 here very curioufly wrought, but with- 
 out any Infcription, yet by the Coats of 
 Arms engraven upon it (which are very 
 many) it is certainly known to belong to 
 the Family of Babingtons, and Shews their 
 Family to be ancient; for the firft of 
 them is Sir John Bablngton, who was Cap- 
 tain of MorJa'n in Entanny in Edward the 
 Third's Reign, &*c. 
 
 Leake y Eaft and Weft, are fo called 
 from the Saxon Verb, Leccian, to water or 
 moiSten, there being a little Rivulet or 
 Brook, which croSIing this Wapentake 
 waters both thefe Hamlets of Eajt and 
 Wejl Leake. Godric the Saxon had the Ma- 
 nor here before ths Norman Invafion, and 
 Ernulph held it afcerwards of Roger de Buf- 
 fi above mentioned, who had many Ma- 
 nors in this County. But the principal 
 Lord of Leake was Earl Siward in the 
 Saxon Times ; William the Norman outed 
 both thefe Saxon Proprietors, and gave 
 the Manors to Henry de Ferrariis, in whofe 
 Posterity they continued till his Grand- 
 fon, Robert de Ferrariis, paSTed them to 
 Aim de Leca, the Nephew of Elphafl^ 
 "with another LordShip at Stanton in Lel- 
 cefterfiire, for Sixty Marks in Money and 
 a Bay Horfe. The Family of de Leca, or 
 Leeke, flourished here and elfewhcre in 
 this County greatly in King Edward the 
 Third's and his Grandibn King Richard 
 the Second's Reigns ; for Simon de Leeke 
 was Knight of the Shire in Parliament 
 for this County the 36th, jSth, 3pth, 
 4td, 46th, and 4yth Years of King Ed- 
 ward the Third's Reign ; and John de 
 Leeke Served in the fame TruSt the loth 
 'and 1 3th of King Richard II. as did alfo 
 William, de Leeke the firft of King Henry 
 IV. Simon de Leykcs above mentioned was 
 High Sheriff ofthis and Darby Shires 38 
 Edw. III. and John de Leeke 4 Hen. VII. 
 but they, after fome Continuance here, 
 grew numerous, and removed Some into 
 isicefterjhire, (and fettling at Stanton took 
 their Name from thence) and others in- 
 
 to Darlyjhirey of whom was Sir Francis de 
 Leca, or Leke, of Sutton in D.irfyjbire. He 7 
 being a Perfon of an ancient Family, and 
 an ample Fortune, was firft advanced by 
 King James I. to the Degree of a Baro- 
 net, being the Sixth in the Catalogue 
 then made, and about thirteen Years af- 
 ter was created a Baron of this Realm by 
 the Stile and Title of Lord Delncourt^. 
 of Safton, Oftob. 26. 1^24. The Troubles 
 of the Nation between King and Parlia- 
 ment happened in his Time, which gave 
 him an Opportunity of manifesting his- 
 Loyalty to his Prince in fo Signal a Man- 
 ner by his Advice, Supplies of Money r 
 and perfonal ASliftancc, that King Charles- 
 I. did, in Consideration of his many good. 
 Services, raife him to rire Honour and 
 Dignity of an Earl, by the Title of Earl 
 of ScarfdaJe, his Letters Patents bearing 
 Date at Oxford, Nov. n. 21 Car. I. 164.6, 
 which Honours Still remain in his Family ; 
 thefe Manors, from which they take 
 their Name, are long Since gone into o- 
 ther Families, viz. from them to the Fa- 
 milies of Tottk or Toka, Buggs, and Arm- 
 jlrong, who fold them to Bar, Rag, arid 
 George Bird, whofe Posterity now 'enjop 
 them. 
 
 The Advowfon of the Church of Great 
 Leake belonged, 8 Edward I. to the Prior 
 of Remington in Dartyjhere : and the Arch- 
 bifhop of York admitted the Cleric pre- 
 fented by the faid Prior, notwithstanding 
 the Claim of Ellas de Stanton and Geffrey 
 Bugg. The Living is a Reftory, and the 
 Earl of Huntington is Patron of ft. Ir \va 
 , valued at 30 /. when the Prior of Repivg^ 
 ton was Patron ; but now the Value in the 
 King's Books is but 25 /. 4/. 7 d: In the 
 Church Windows are the Arm? of the 
 Leaks and Buggs, and in the Body of the 
 Church a handfome Monument for Ri- 
 chard Maunsfeld Gent, and in the Chancel, 
 two Grave-Stones for Edward England B. D- 
 Re&or, and his Wife. 
 
 One of thefe Places, is rendered fa- 
 mous by 
 
 Ralmund, Cardinal of S*n&.i Maria Ne- 
 va in the Reign of King Edward II. who> 
 was the Minister ofthis Place, as was ai- 
 fo the learned 
 
 Dn.
 
 1\T0 T TING HA MS HIRE. 
 
 t, Prefident of Queen s- 
 Cofage in Cambridge, and the Lady Marga- 
 T,?f*s Divinity-Profeflor in the fame Uni- 
 verfity. He died A. D. 1641, juft before 
 the Troubles, which, tho' he felt little of, 
 he forefaw with fuch Sorrow as gave him 
 a Tafte of them. 
 
 Normanton, or Normantone, fo called 
 from fome Owner of that Name in the 
 Time of the Saxons ; for this Place had 
 its Name before the Conqueror came hi- 
 ther ; and Norman, according to Dr. Tko- 
 roton, was then a Name frequently ufed, 
 with the Addition of tune, or ton, figni- 
 fying Town. After this Norman y who 
 gave Name to this Place, it was aliena- 
 ted to Leofrk Earl of Mercia, and after- 
 wards it was one of thofe Eftates which 
 had feveral Manors, of which the excel- 
 lent Lady Godev.i, after the Death of her 
 "Husband, was found poflcfled of one, 1 3 Ed. 
 Conf. 1057 ; and one Story and Of god, two 
 great Saxom, had two other Lordfhips in 
 Pofleflion at the Norman Invafion ; but 
 both loft them when the Conqueror par- 
 celled out this County, as he did others, 
 to his Followers ; for he gave this Manor 
 partly to Roger de Bitjly, (as Domef day-Book 
 tells) partly to Hugh Earl of Chejler, and 
 partly to Robert Earl of Mireton, whofe 
 Poiterity were for fome Succcffions Lords 
 of it ; but it was at length alienated, 
 for it appears by our Hiftories, that Wil- 
 liam de la Pole Duke of Suffolk in King 
 Henry the Sixth's Reign died poflefled 
 of one of thefe Manors, and that Robert 
 de Vewv paffcd *nother of them over to 
 Sir Geruafe de Clifton and his Heirs for e- 
 -ver, of whom the Wittoughbies obtained it. 
 T'he prefent Lord is one Mr. Earl, who 
 owns the whole Townfhip, except five 
 Yards of Land in Pofleflion of the Fa- 
 mily of Fillingham, who have held them 
 long. 
 
 The Advowfon of the Church of this 
 Tlacc, which is a Re&ory, belonged e- 
 Tcr fince the Reign of King Edward III. 
 to the Priory of St. Cuthbert's at Durham, 
 and the Prior claimed a Court- Lee t here 
 for his Tenants. The Advowfon is now 
 in Mr. E*rl. It is valued in the King's 
 Books at 7 /. ii s. id. '?.. In the Church 
 are -Monuments, I. In the Chancel for 
 
 William Wtllougly, a considerable Owner 
 of Lands in this Town, who died Not/. 
 'iS. 1587. 2. In the Church for Mrs. 
 Frances Wiliottghby, the Wife of Gilbert Wil- 
 loughby Efq; who died Aug. 12. 1606; her 
 Son ^William WtUoughbv ere&ed it, for 
 whom alfo and his Wife Sufanna there is 
 a Monument erefted by Edward Darling 
 her laft Husband. He died May 4. idi9 > 
 and fhe Jam i. 163 5. 
 
 Plumbtree, which at the Norman Inva- 
 fion had Godrlc and Wfar for its Lords ; 
 but the Conqueror foon changed the Pro- 
 perry after his Settlement, and gave it to 
 that powerful Lord and great Favourite 
 Roger de Bujly. This Town anciently 
 gave Name to the whole Wapentake or 
 Hundred, which tho' Roger de Bujly was 
 Lord of, yet Godric's Pofterity had fome 
 Pofleflions in it which are now the Eltate 
 of that worthy Gentleman Sir Godfrey Cop-- 
 ley Bar. whofe Family inherited them 
 from ChiUibert, who was defcended from 
 Godric. Dr. Tboroton, who is generally 
 thought to have fpent too much Pains in 
 making out Defccnts of Families to little 
 Purpofe, has given us a very fair Gene- 
 alogy of the Copleys from the great Saxon 
 Nobleman Chillibert, which he does by the 
 Family of the Fttz-Will tarns, whofe Name 
 it feems was in King Henry the Second's 
 Days, Fitz-Godric ; but William the Son of 
 the laft WiUiam Fitz-Godric changed his 
 Name into William Fitz-Wtlliams, whofe 
 Pofterity ending in Female Heirs, the 
 eldeft of them married Godfrey Fuljambe 
 Efq; from whom by another Marriage 
 the Copleys are defcended, who keep up 
 the Chriftian Name of Godfrey ftill ; but 
 before we leave this Place we fhall ad- 
 vertife the Reader, that tho' we find ma- 
 ny ample Genealogies of other Families 
 in Dr. Tborotons Hiftory of this County, 
 we fhall but briefly recite them, as we 
 have done this of the Copleys, becaufe if 
 they can be of any Ufe, (which we fup- 
 pofe they rarely, if at all, can) it will 
 be better to confult the Doftor's Book, 
 or rather the Heralds-Office for fuch Pe- 
 digrees. The Church of this Parifh is a 
 Retory, and from the Fitz Williams' s is 
 come to Sir Godfrey Copley, who is the pre- 
 fent Patron. 'Tis valued in the King's 
 
 Books
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Eooks at 19 /. 19 s. i d. In the Eaft 
 Window are the Anus of the Fitz.-Wil- 
 liams's, impaled with the Crumwells, quar- 
 tering Tatefiale, and with Chatvorth quar- 
 tering Caltoft, as alfo in the Church-Win- 
 dows. In the Chancel is an AlabafterTomb 
 for Mr. Thomas Wigfal, who died in 1534. 
 Ratcliffe upon Sore, ib called, not only 
 for Diftintion-Sake from another Ratcliffe 
 in Bingham W r apentake, called for the 
 fame Reafon Ratcliffe upon Trent, but up- 
 on the Account of its Situation upon the 
 River Sore, near the Confluence of it 
 with the River Trent. In Domefday-'Book 
 this Place is read, Rade-cUve, which in 
 the Saxons Language fignifies a Red Hill 
 or Bank. Before the Normans Coming, 
 one Ofgod a Saxon Nobleman was Lord 
 of it, but his Tenure expired with the 
 Conqucft ; for King William, as foon as 
 he took upon him to reward his Norman 
 Captains, removed this Manor from Of- 
 god, and gave ic to one Sattvine y with the 
 
 troubled in Confciencc for the Villainies 
 he had been engaged in on that Account, 
 or being angry \virh the King, becaufe he 
 did not heap his Favours on him fo faft as 
 he expefted, fell from him, and plotted with 
 Dr. Moreion Bimop of Ely to raife Henry 
 Duke of Richmond to the Throne ; but 
 being difappointed in the Attempt was ta- 
 ken and beheaded in the open Market- 
 place at Salisbury, his Eftate being for- 
 feited to the Crown, and granted by King 
 Richard, as to this Part of it, to Sir Gsr- 
 vafe Clifton. Edward his Son, Duke of 
 Buckingham, upon the Acccffion of King- 
 Henry VII. to thcTfironc, recovered this 
 Eftate, and was in Favour all that King's 
 Reign, and ibme Part of his Son's ; but 
 having Cardinal Wolfey and his Fa&ioa 
 for his Enemies, his own Stev/ard Knevet, 
 whom he had turned out for mifufing his 
 Tenants, accufed him, among many o- 
 ther Things, of faying, That if he were 
 ill ufed by the King he would ftab him 
 
 Manor of Kingjlon above mentioned, which with his Dagger, if he could get into his 
 has ever been accounted a Member of Prcfence ; and that if the King died he 
 this. How long it continued in Sauvine's would have the Government of the Realm,, 
 Family we know not, nor when it was let who would oppofe it ; which being 
 alienated, but do find, that the Family fworn againft him at his Trial by Knevet 
 cf Plcct held this Town and Kingjlon of and others, he was condemned and be- 
 thc King In Capite, by the Sargeanty of headed, on Tower-Hill, May 17. 1521, i 
 keeping Hawks for him of the old Feoff- Hen. VIII. and his Eftate being forfeited, 
 ment, viz. in the Reign of King Henry I. to the Crown this Manor came to the Sa- 
 His Pofterity held this Manor divers Sue- cheverels, who enjoyed it a while, till Hen- 
 ceflions, and obtained many Privileges ry Sacheverell Efq; fettled it upon Sir Tho.. 
 
 Hutchinfon, his Sifter's Son, and his Heirs,, 
 of whom John Hutchinfon fold it afterward 
 to Alderman IreUn of London, the Brothet 
 of Henry Ireton Elq; a principal Man un 
 der Oliver Cromwell in carrying on the- 
 Civil Wars of the Parliament againlt- 
 their Sovereign King Charles I., Thc- 
 Tithes of this Manor were given by on& 
 
 for it, as Free- Warren, 37 Hen. III. View 
 of Frank-Pledge, Affize of Bread and 
 Ale, Pillory, Tumbrel, Infantheof, and 
 Gallows, 55 Edw. L Peter Pitot was the 
 laft Heir Male of the Family, and died 
 7 Ed<w. II. leaving his Eftate to his Si- 
 fters, Margery, who married to Simon Seu- 
 
 ville, and tfabella, married te Touke ; 
 
 but to which of them this Manor in the of the Conftables of Chejter to the Priory 
 Divifion fell doth not appear ; yet we ob- of Norton in that County, with, the Aa- 
 ferve, that it was 38 Hen. VI. a Part of vowfon of the Living; but the Abbot 
 
 and Convent, 1 1 Hen. IV. parted with all 
 their Right to it to the Prior and Convent 
 of Eurfcough in Lancashire. The Vicarage- 
 in the King's Books is 67. ij./. 4 d. as it 
 was valued when the Prior of 
 
 the X'aft Pofleffions of Humphrey Stafford 
 then Duke of Buckingham, which he left 
 then to his Grandfon Henry at his Death, 
 his Son Humphrey being (lain before at the 
 Battle of St. Albans. This Duke, having 
 been very inftrumental in bringing Ri- 
 chard Duke of GlouceJIer (afterwards King 
 SjcJyard III.) to the Throne, whether 
 
 was Patron. In the Chancel are feveral 
 Monuments for the Babingtons and Sache- 
 vereUs t Mr. JaweiDamport, jfoan die Wife 
 
 oft
 
 N !T f I N G H A M S H I R E. 
 
 of Ralph Shirley, and others : And in the 
 Church, and a Chapel on the North- 
 fide, for Mr. Fyndern, and Elizabeth his 
 Wife, the Daughter of Ralph Sacheverel, 
 Tifq ; and the laid Ralph, with his Wix r es 
 Cecily and Aiwa, all old Tombs. 
 
 Remftor., Rawpjlon, or Rempjlon, the Ma- 
 nor and Eflate of William Peverel, Ralph 
 de B:trttn, and afterwards of folon Tvu- 
 ikale, in \vhofe Family how long it had 
 been, before this Misfortune of Jofing it 
 befcl him, we have no Hiftory to inform 
 us. It feems, that this John Tntthale was 
 in Adherent to the Lancajlrian Title a- 
 ^ainft Edward Duke of York (afterwards 
 Xing Edward IV.) when the Contention 
 between thofe Families was on foot ; and 
 when the Viftory fell on the Yorkijts Side, 
 he, with many others of great Note, was 
 attainted, ard loft this Manor, and many 
 others, to the King, who gave them to 
 his Brother Richard Duke of Gloucester, 
 who had, upon his Creation in the Parli- 
 ament, i Edzvard IV. been conftituted Lord 
 High Admiral of England, as alfo Confla- 
 te of England, Jufticc of North and South 
 Wales, Lord Chamberlain, &c. And for 
 rhc Support of his Dignity had the E- 
 ftates of Richard Nevil, Earl of Warwick ; 
 ^o&w, Earl of Oxford; and divers other 
 Perfons attainted by the fame Parlia- 
 went, fettled upon him and his Heirs. 
 
 This Place is Famous for the Family 
 of Rcmpftores, which have taken their 
 Name from it, and have, many of them, 
 been Men of Eminency in their Genera- 
 tion, viz- (I.) Robert Remfjione, who in 
 the Reign of King Henry III. founded a 
 Chantry within this Church , Obliging 
 himfelr not to admit the Pariirnoners to 
 hear Divine Service to the Prejudice of 
 the Mother C'hnrch ; and that his Chap- 
 lain fhonld bear Fealty to the Re&or: 
 "Without which Conditions, the proud Ab- 
 l.ot of Linti>n would not grant him the 
 "Privilege of founding this Chantry, this 
 Place, as it feems, bci/ig under his Jurif- 
 iii"iion. (a.) Th.rnas de Rempftone, was 
 cl.ofen, and fcrvcd as Knight of the Shire 
 for this County, in the Eighteenth Year 
 of King Richard II. and fevcral of the 
 and Family were Men of very 
 
 great Note in the Reign of King Henry 
 IV. as Sir Thomas Rempftone, who was 
 Conftabl e of the Tower of London, i Hen. 
 IV. Admiral of the Wejlern Parts, and 
 Knight of the Garter, &>c. (3.) Another 
 Thomas Rempjione (for we cannot fuppofe 
 him the fame with the former, by reafon 
 of the Diftance of Years) ferved in Par- 
 liament as Knight of the Shire for this 
 County, in the third Year of Henry V. 
 (4.) William Rempjlone, in the Reign of 
 King Henry VI. Reg. 12. was one of the 
 Gentlemen of Figure, who was returned 
 by certain Commiffioners, appointed for 
 that Purpofe , to fee that all Perfons 
 fliould take the Oaths of Fidelity to that 
 Prince, being then in his Minority. But 
 as Families nave their Times, as well as 
 other Things, to rife and flourish, fo they 
 have to decay and fail, as this Family, 
 which rlourifhed long, had ; for through 
 the Failure of the Heirs Male, their E- 
 ftate pafled to Sir Brian Stapleton, by his 
 Intermarriage with Ifabel Rempjfone, Heir 
 of that Family ; nor did fhe at all match 
 beneath her felf, for the Stapletons were 
 equally Famous as the Rempftones, only 
 the Family ceafed in her, and the Eftate 
 pafled to another Family. Sir Brian, her 
 Husband, was twice High Sheriff for this 
 and Darby Shire, in the Reign of King 
 Henry VIII. viz- Reg* I and 9. And Hen- 
 ry Stapleton, Efq ; who was Patron of this 
 Church, did, in the Reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth, give ten Pounds a Year for e- 
 ver, for the Relief of fuch Husbandmen 
 of the Town, as fhould become Poor by 
 any Misfortunes, fohn Stapleton, a di- 
 ftant Defccndant from Sir Brian, fold 
 this Manor to one Mr. Field, from whom 
 it was pafled to Gabriel Armflong^ Efq ; 
 who made itthe Seat of his Family, 
 which hath at this Time feme Intereft in 
 it. 
 
 The Church is a Re&ory, and was 
 valued at twenty Marks, when the Prior 
 of Lenton was Patron ; 'tis now in the 
 King's Books 157. 2 s. 6 d. and Mr. Ga- 
 briel Armjirong is Patron. In the Church 
 is, a Monument for Henry Stapleton, Efq ; 
 above-mentioned, who died in 1585.
 
 NO 2 
 
 Rodington, Reddington, or, as it is called 
 in our Maps, Ruddington, a great Coun- 
 try Town, fituate upon the Rivulet a- 
 bovemcntioned, thatcrofleth this Wapcn- 
 take. Alan Earl of Richmond, in the 
 Conqueror's Survey, is faid to have the 
 principal Manor in this Town ; and Roger 
 Bujly, and Robert Malett, had each of 
 them Fee Soc. Afterwards this Manor 
 came to, and was for a long time in the 
 Pofleflion of the Pavelli's, after whom the 
 Anne/leys enjoyed it, 'till Gervafe Annejley 
 fold it in the Reign of King Charles I. to 
 the Earl of Kingfion. But Part of this 
 Lordmip belongeth to feveral Churches, 
 Foundations and Families. At a little 
 Diftance from this Town, viz. about half 
 a Mile Weft from it, there ftands in a 
 large Field a Church with a Spire Stee- 
 ple, called, 
 
 Flawford-Chunh, or Flawf ore- Church, de- 
 dicated to S. Peter. William Babington, 
 Lord of the Manor of Ruddington, foun- 
 ded a Chantry in this Church, in the 
 Chapel of St. Andrew, for three Chap- 
 lains to pray for the good Eftate of King 
 Henry VI. and his Queen, and Prince Ed- 
 ward, himfelf, Wife, and for the Souls 
 of all them, that he was held bound to in 
 the Sight of God. It is now u(ed only as 
 the Burying Place to Reddington, there 
 being in the Town a large Chapel ap- 
 pointed for the Worfliip of God, to which 
 the Parifhioners, to indulge themfelves 
 in their Eafe, choofing to refort, the 
 Church, though an handfome Building, 
 lies neglefted, and is full of filthy Rub- 
 bifli. The Bifhop of the Diocefe, and 
 Archdeacon, would do well to look into 
 the Abufes of fuch Holy Places, and re- 
 ftore them to their proper Ufe, and fee 
 that they be kept decently. In this 
 Church there have been many ancient 
 Monuments, no doubt of great Note for- 
 merly ; fome confiderable ones are yet 
 remaining both in the Chancel and South- 
 Ifle, Part whereof feems to imply, that 
 the Perlbns to whom they belong have 
 been either actually engaged in the Holy 
 War, or had fome Vows upon them to 
 go to it, their Effigies lying crofs-legged. 
 The ReSory of this Town was appro- 
 priated to Durham-College in Oxford, now 
 
 5 S3 
 
 diflblved ; and the Vicarage was then in 
 the Prelentation of the Prior: But fome 
 Part of the Tythes of Corn and Hay was 
 given to the Priory of Lenton by Robert 
 de Pavelli ; which, upon the Diflblurion of 
 the Monafteries were given to the Earl 
 of Devon, who now is Patron of the Vi- 
 carage, which is valued in the King's 
 Books at 6 1. 1 3 s. 4 d. 
 
 Steanford, or Stanford, a Town (landing 
 upon the River Trent, juft at its Entrance 
 into this County ( as Mr. Cambden repre- 
 fents it ) but by Miftake ; for it ftands 
 not upon the Trent, but upon the River 
 Sere, and that at a confiderable Diftance 
 from its Conjun&ion with the Trent. Mr. 
 Cambden further adds, that he was inform- 
 ed that there were many Remains of 
 Antiquity yet extant, and many Roman 
 Coins found there. What Information 
 Mr. Cambden had of fuch Things as he 
 mentions we can't imagine ; 'tis almoft 
 certain it muft be a falfe one; for though, 
 'tis Poflible, an Hundred Years ago, or 
 more, when Mr. Cambden lived, there 
 might be fbme Antiquities obfervable, 
 and Coins found, yet 'tis probable there 
 never was ; becaufe, as we never meet 
 with any fince, fo we have no Author 
 nor Antiquary that has either preferred, 
 any of the Coins, nor told us what Anti- 
 quities have been here difcoverrd. This 
 Town is near Loughborottgh in Leicejterjhire, 
 being parted from it by the Current of 
 the Sore ; over which, for Communica- 
 tion and Commerce, 'tis very likely there 
 was a Stony Ford, which gave it the 
 Name. 
 
 One EIJi was Lord of this Manor before 
 the Conqueft ; and after, Rcger de Bujly 
 obtained it of the Conqueror. He was 
 the greateft Landed Man in this County, 
 for he is faid to have had no lels than an 
 Hundred and feventy Manors in it From 
 the Poftcrity of this Bufly, Stanford came 
 to the Cliffords, who when they were I-ords 
 of it were ufually called by the Town, 
 the Cliffords of Stanford ; and from them 
 to Sir Richard Willcupbby, Sir Richard Illing- 
 <worth, and Sir Robert R/iyni, whole Son 
 fold it to Mr. Thomas Lewis, who, or his 
 Pofterity now enjoy it. The Church here 
 is the greateft Ornament of the Town, 
 E Tkemas
 
 NO ff ING HA M SHIRE. 
 
 34 
 
 Thomas Lewis, Efq ; being the prefent 
 Patron of it, who hath repaired and beau- 
 tified it at his own Charge lately. In the 
 Chancel of it is a Tomb for Ralph Illlng- 
 worth, Efq ; and Agnes his Wife ; which 
 Ralph died Augufi I. 1498. In the Eaft 
 Window there are the Arms of the Swil- 
 lingtons and HeriZ' In the Body of the 
 Church is another Monument for Thomas 
 Payre, and Agnes his Wife ; and at little 
 Diitance another for Mr. John Harrifon, 
 and Alice and Agnes his Wives ; which 
 John died November 4. i 532. In the Win- 
 dow over this Tomb are leveral Coats of 
 Arms. 
 
 Staunton in the JVouJds, which Storl 
 held before the Conqueft, and one A- 
 lured, a Saxon, held under the Earl of 
 Moreton after the Conqueft : How it was 
 alienated from that Earl's Family we can- 
 not tell ; but it is certain, that the Ma- 
 nor of it hath been a long Time in the' 
 Family of the Clifton*, who have fpread 
 much in this County. Dr. Thoroton makes 
 an Obiervation upon this, and fome o- 
 ther Towns, which have of late Years 
 been inclofed, that the Lands of Notting- 
 lamfiire do not agree well with Inclo- 
 iures, for he fays, the Lands are impo- 
 verifhed and depopulated by it ; which if 
 it generally holds good is worthy of Ob- 
 fci vation, to caution other Places from 
 ib doing, leaft they loofc their Charge as 
 veil as the Profit of their Lands. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Recto- 
 ry, and Sir Gervafe Clifton, or his Poftc- 
 rity, are the Patrons of it, as his Anceftor 
 \vas in the T;me of King Edward III. It 
 is valued in the Kings Books at 2/. 13*. 4^. 
 
 Button cum Bonington, or JZoriiton, former- 
 ly tvo Villages, but now but one Parifh. 
 button, or Sttdton, is the fame with South- 
 Town, fo called becaufe it is fituate very 
 near the utmoft Point of the County, 
 Southward, and Eaniton was called fo pro- 
 bably from the Reeds growing upon the 
 Grounds upon the Sore s Bank near it ; 
 fur B K, or Bw, in the Saxon Language 
 fignifies a Reed. The Place is of little 
 Note, iinlcfs we think it not to be patted 
 over, that Gillfrt MiUington, Efq ; who 
 v.as one of thofe Pcrfons that compofed 
 thut HightCourt of Jufticc which fentcn- 
 \ 
 
 ced King Charles I. to be beheaded, and 
 was attainted afterwards for it, foon after 
 the Reftoration of King Charles II. was 
 an Inhabitant of this Place, and had four 
 yard Lands in this Parifh ; a Faft rather 
 to be forgotten, and not mention 'd in Hi- 
 ftory, were it not that it may be fome 
 Terror againft fuch Attemps, that fuch 
 wicked Men leave an Eternal Blot of In- 
 famy upon their own Memories, and 
 their Poiterities, by fuch Records. The 
 Church here is divided into two Refto- 
 ries at this Day, as formerly it was : the 
 Reftory of St. Michael's, which for many 
 Ages hath belonged to the Berkleys, and 
 was valued before the Union at 12 /. and 
 the Re&ory of St. Ann, which anciently 
 belonged to the Priory of Replngdon in 
 Darbyjbire , which was then valued at 8 
 Marks, or 5 /. 6s. 8 d. Since the Diflb- 
 lution the Lords Berkley are become Pa- 
 trons of both : But they are valued di- 
 ftin&ly in the King's Books, St. Michael's 
 at 1 5 /. is. id. and St. Ann's at 4 /. 1 7 s. 
 6 d. In St. Michael's Church are Monu- 
 ments for Thomas Staunton, Efq ; and Mil- 
 llcent his Wife, who died Anno 1456. J-ohn 
 Barwyke, Margaret his Wife, and jfames 
 their Son, who died Anno 1528. and Mi- 
 chael Stanley, and Mary his Wife, who di- 
 ed Anno 1564. and in the Window are the 
 Segraves Arms. In the Church is an an- 
 cient Tomb for one of the Stauntons', but 
 much defaced. 
 
 Thorp, a Village, which in the Saxon 
 Times belonged to Earl Algar, and in the 
 Norman to the aforefaid Roger de Bufly, 
 whofe Pofterity held this, and many o- 
 thcr great Eftates, 'till the Reign of King 
 John, when Jolm de Bujly leaving no Iflue 
 Male, Idonea his only Daughter, and Heir 
 by Marriage, carryed them all into the 
 Family of the Vipounts, by Marrying of 
 Robert de Vipount, 1 5 John. His Pofterity 
 enjoyed his Eftatc, thus enlarged by Ido- 
 nea. de Bujly, 'till 49 Henry III. when Wil- 
 liam de Vipount being flain at the Battle of 
 Evejbam, his two Daughters, Ifabel and 
 Idonea (for want of Male Iflue) were his 
 Heirs ; and being, after due Age, mar- 
 ried to Rorrer Clifford, and Roger Leyhourne, 
 brought the Eftates of Bujly and Vipount 
 into fhofe Families ; in which, we fup- 
 
 poie,
 
 pofe, they continued 'till the Reign of 
 King Richard II. when this Manor came 
 entire to the Armjlrongs y who were then a 
 flourifhing Family in thefe Parts, and 
 have fo continued ever fince. This Lord- 
 Ihip was moft of it arable Land, 'till the 
 Reign of King Henry VII. when it was in- 
 cloled ; and the Inclofing of it did fo ru- 
 in and depopulate it, that Thirty Years 
 ago there was not one Houle inhabited in 
 it, except fome Part of the Hall, which 
 was Mr. Armjtrongs Houfe. The King 
 had alfo fome Lands in this Town, while 
 Roger de Bujly was chief Lord, which Al- 
 lani Earl of Arundel was in Pofleflion of; 
 under whom John Bochart held the third 
 Part of a Knight's Fee, in the Beginning 
 of King Henry III. from him -this Village 
 was called Thorp-Bochart, and corruptly 
 by the Vulgar, Thorp-Buzzard, or Bojfarte. 
 The Church was turned into an Alehoufe, 
 as Dr. Thoroten feems to intimate : But we 
 fuppofe it an unwary Expreflion, becaufe 
 it could not properly be fo called, fince 
 no Body dwelt in the Church; but a 
 Shepherd only kept a little Ale in it to 
 fell upon Occafions to Paffengers and 
 Travellers. It is ftill Prefentative, and 
 to it all the Tythes belonging, paying 
 20 j. -per Annum Penfion to Lenton. Air. 
 Armstrong is Patron, and it is valued now 
 in the King's Books at ia/. 9 s. ^d.\ tho* 
 when Mr. Berkley was Patron, it was va- 
 lued but at io/. 
 
 Thrumpton, a Village at which the Ri- 
 vers Trent and Sore unite, making up to- 
 gether a large Stream towards Nottingham. 
 This Town is called in Domefday-Book 
 Turmidefton, fuppofed to be fo called from 
 the anciet Saxon Lord, one Turmode ', tho' 
 in the latter End of the Saxon Times, 
 Leuvin and Ehod were the Owners of it, 
 and held it at the Arrival of William the 
 Conqueror ; but continued not in Poflef- 
 (ion long after ; for that King, being ob- 
 liged to gratify his Norman Attendants, 
 parcelled out this Town among feveral of 
 them, as -Roger de Bvjli, William Peverel , 
 and Hugh de Greatmaifnil. But the Lord- 
 fliip was given to the Anceftor of the Pu- 
 terels, which formerly held it from the 
 Beginning of the Norman Times to the 
 Reign of King James I. when the Heir of 
 
 3* 
 
 that ancient Family folcPit to Mr. Ger~ 
 vafe Pigot, the Grandfather of Gervafe Pi- 
 got y Efq ; who was lately Lord of it. His 
 Father, Gervafe Pigot, Efq; inclofed the 
 Fields, and very much improved and a- 
 domed the Seat. 'Tis now a pleafant and 
 convenient Manfion, and if it anfwcrs 
 the Draught of it, publifhed by Dr. Tho- 
 roton , it does not want Magnificence. 
 This Gentleman died when he was High 
 Sheriff of this County, in 1669. and the 
 Liveried he gave his Attendants, becaufe 
 he was then in Mourning for his only 
 Daughter, which were Black with fmall 
 Silver Trimming, fitted them for the fame 
 Service in ufhering him to his Grave, for 
 he died foon after the Summer Affixes. 
 
 The Advowfon of this Chapel, which 
 is annexed to the Church of Rttcfrf t 
 was given by Reginald Bajfet, and Richard 
 Pttterel, to the Prior and Convent of Nor- 
 ton in Chefiire abovefaid ; and upon the 
 Diflolution of the Abbies remained fome 
 Time in the Crown, 'till King James I. 
 by his Letters Patent dated July 9. 1503. 
 granted it to Gervafe Pigot, Efq ; with all 
 us Rights and Appiirtenances. In the 
 Chancel of this Church are diverfe coftly 
 Alonuments, with large Infcriptions, for 
 feveral of the Family of Pigots, both Men 
 and Women. 
 
 Widmerpole, or Wydmerpole, in Domef- 
 day-Book read Wimers Pole or Spear, or 
 Wide mere PoUe. In King Henry the I's. 
 Time one Haldoen, a Norman, was Lord 
 of this Manor, probably given his Anee- 
 ftor by the Conqueror : He was the Fa- 
 ther of Hugh, Father of Ralph, Father of 
 Ralph de CrumbeweU , or Cromwell, who 
 feems thereupon to have the Right of In- 
 heritance to this Manor : But Ivo de Heriz 
 putting in his Claim to it, in the Reign 
 of King Henry III. there was a long Con- 
 teft at Law about the Title to it ; but at 
 length Ivo de Heriz prevailed ; though our 
 Author doth not make out Heriz s Title fo 
 clear, but that the Cromwells was the 
 better. The Heirs and Succeflors of He- 
 riz enjoyed this Manor for feveral Reigns 
 quietly, and left it to Pofterity : But in 
 King Henry VI's Time, the Lord Crom- 
 well renewed his Suit for it with Sir Hen- 
 ry Pierpcint, who had married, or was de- 
 E a fcendeJ
 
 NOTfJNGHjMSHIRE. 
 
 fcended from the Heir of Hertz. ; but not 
 being able to carry his Point againft fo 
 long Pofieffion, the Pierpoints were left in 
 Enjoyment of it, and by virtue of that 
 Inheritance, are Lords of it to this Day, 
 Evelin Duke of Kingflon^ Marquefs of Dor- 
 chefter, &c. being the prefent Lord of it. 
 But there is an ancient Family of Wid- 
 merpolesy who took their Name from this 
 Place of their Refidence ; and ftill have 
 confiderable Lands in this Lordfhip, con- 
 tinuing in this Place. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, and 
 the Duke of Kingfton is Patron of it. It 
 is valued in the King's Books at 14 /. 
 1 6s. od. ,'. 
 
 Wllford, or Wtlesford, an Hamlet to Clif- 
 1on y of which Sir AJured de Clifton was 
 Lord in the Conqueror's Time. How it 
 was alienated from his Pofterity we know 
 not, but find, that in King Henry the Ill's 
 Reign, Ralph de Rodes was pofleflcd of it ; 
 and that his Son, Gerard de Rodes , Lord 
 of Melies y granted Clifton, and the Hamlet 
 of Wilford, to Sir Gervafe de Clifton in King 
 Edward I's. Reign ; and his Pofterity of 
 the fame Name continue Lords of it to 
 this Day. Sir William Dugdale tells us, 
 that Gervafe de Wilesford held this Manor 
 i 3 Ed-ward i. and that John, the Son of 
 Gerard de RoJes, made a Grant of the Ho- 
 mage and Service of Gervafe Wilesford, 
 and his Heirs, for this Manor, to Henry 
 de Tibetot, his Wife Eve, and Son and 
 Heir Pain de Tibetot ; which Account rs 
 hard to reconcile with the former, which 
 is- Dr. Ttcrotonsr The Church of Wilford 
 is a Rcfiory, and Gervafe Clifton is, or 
 late \vas> the Patron. It is valued in the 
 King's Books, atiSA 71. 6 d. Thor. but 
 i8/. 11 s. 6d. Alton. Of the Family of 
 Cliftons fee more in Clifton above. 
 
 WiUoughby on the Wold^ a Village {tend- 
 ing upon the South-Edge of this Coun- 
 ty. This Place may juflrly pretend to 
 fometh.'ng of Antiquity, for it lies almoft 
 upon the Fcjfe-way, and in a Field belon- 
 ging to it, are the Ruins (as the Inhabi- 
 tants believe) of a Town called Lang 
 "BiUingtorty which, for many Ages hath 
 been demolifned. Hereabouts the Plow- 
 men aod Shepherds commonly gather up 
 Roman Coins in great Numbers, raifed 
 
 by the Plough, or Spade. Befides the 
 Diftance of this Place from Caerlerion, i. e. 
 Leicefter, and from Vernometum, or Br- 
 row-Hitt (being nine Miles each) adds t& 
 the Confirmation of it. All which put 
 together may tempt us to- believe, that 
 this Town hath been a Roman Station. 
 In the Conqueror's Time, Goisfrid Alfelin 
 was, among other Lordfhips in this Coun- 
 ty, poflefled of this Manor of Willoughbyj 
 or, as it is written in the Conqueror's 
 Survey, Wilgeby. This Goisfrid made-choiee 
 of Sbelfordy in this County, for the Capi- 
 tal Seat of his Barony. Ralph Hanfelln 
 was his Heir. It was called WiUonghbyj 
 from the Willows growing about it. The 
 Manor was in the Porteflion of Odincar, a 
 Saxon, before the Norman Invafion, and* 
 of Roger de BuJIy after it* Thefe were- 
 the Chief Lords : But as well in this, as> 
 in other Manors, there were other Te- 
 nant's who held Lands in Fee of them, 
 or of the Crown , as Roger- PtttavenJtSt 
 who had the Parts of Godric and Erwins, 
 two Saxons , given him ; and perhaps- 
 Goisfrid Hanfelhi above-mentioned, might 
 have fome other Parts : 'Tis impoflible 
 to be pofhive in this Cafe, becaufe an- 
 cienr Writers are fb obfcure, and contra- 
 ry one to another. In after Ages, this- 
 Manor was enjoyed a Isng Time by a Fa- 
 mily of the Name of Wiltoughby, wha 
 were before called Sugg ; but dwelling" 
 here, and being Lords of it, changed 
 their Name to de Willoughby ; for we read, 
 that Richard Buggy of WiUougby , had 
 Land* conveyed to him by feveral Per- 
 fons ; and, fays our Author, he became 
 a great Man in thefe Parts ; rind his Son, 
 Rli bard de Willoughby, much increafed his 
 Eftate, for he was a Lawyer, and die^d 
 very Rich, as appears by his Witt, bear- 
 ing Date 31 Ed-ward I. 1285. 
 
 This Family of the Wtllouglbyei y after 
 this, grew to be Tome of the Principal 
 Men of thfs County, and were chofen in- 
 to the moft Publick Stations and Trufts ; 
 as (i.) In the iixrh Year of King Henry 
 VI. Sir Hagb Wilhughby Knight, fcrved 
 in Parliament as Knight of the Shire for 
 this County; and 'tis probable was high 
 Sheriff of the fame, in the ninth Year 
 of the fame King, for 'tis not likely it 
 
 can
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 can be another Sir Hugh at fo fmall a 
 Diftance of Time. (2.) In the thirteenth 
 Year of the fame King Henry VI. Richard 
 Willoughby, Efq ; ferved as Knight of the 
 Shire ibr the lame. (3.) The fame, or 
 another Richard Wilhughby, was High She- 
 riff for this, and Darby Shire, in the twen- 
 ty eighth Year of the fame King Henry 
 VI. and again in the firft of King Ed- 
 ward IV. (4.) Sir Henry Wilhughby, Kt. 
 was alfo High Sheriff for the faid Coun- 
 ties, in the eleventh Year of King 
 Henry VII. and when this County, and 
 Darby jbire , were ordered to have diffe- 
 rent Sheriffs, 10 Eliz. (5) Sir Francis Wil- 
 loughby, Knight, was High Sheriff for 
 this County twice in the fame Reign, 
 viz- 21 a nd 50 Years. But though this 
 Family fiouriihed long (perhaps very few 
 longer) yet it fell to Decay in the lalt 
 Heir, Sir Percival Willonghby , Baronet, 
 who fold this Ettate to the Hutch'mf^ns, 
 who are the prcfent Lords of it. The 
 Church was appropriated to the Priory 
 of Workfop, 7 Richard II. and after the 
 Diflblution of that Houfe, was given by 
 King Ed-ward VI. to the Mafter and Col- 
 lege of All- Saints, in Father ingay in Nor- 
 thamptonpire, under the Name of the 
 Re&ory. and Church of Wilhughby ', late 
 Parcel of the Priory of Wotkfop : And 
 when that College was diffolved, which 
 happened foon after, the Retory, with 
 the Advowfon of the Vicarage, was 
 granted to John, and William T)odlngtou. 
 They are now the Duke of Kingjtcns,. 
 The Re&ory continues Impropriate ; and 
 the Vicarage is valued in the King's 
 Books at 67. i8/. 6d. \. In the Church 
 here, there are divers Monuments for 
 the 'Willougblyes yet (landing, viz. in the 
 South-Ifle^ and under the South- Wall two, 
 under an arched Wall ; in the Quire 
 one ; and in the North Alley four. 
 Near Wilhughby is 
 
 Wifall, or Wifou, which fignifies an 
 Hill of Plants, formerly the Eftate of 
 Efta y EIJi, and Gladwln^ who had three 
 Manors in it before the .Conqueft, which 
 were, then given to Roger de Bu/li, and 
 from him parted to William de Lovatot, and 
 was long poffefled by the Lovetots ; But 
 Iffue Male failing in Nigellm de Lovetot t 
 
 37 
 
 this Manor was divided between them, 
 and fo went to Ralph de Mandevil, Hubert 
 de Eromfordf and Richard Patrick their 
 Husbands; from whom it defcendedin the 
 fame Manner to William de Sheffeld, and Sir 
 Robert Potttrell, Knight ; of whofe Pofte- 
 rity Sir Richard Wilhughby, Knight, pur- 
 chafed it, and his Son Hugh fold it tor 
 Robert Armftrong* 
 
 The Church, or Reftory, before the 
 Diffolution of the Abbies, belonged to 
 the Priory of Workfop ; and afterwards, 
 in the Reign of King Edward II. it was 
 granted, with all the Lands and Tene- 
 ments belonging to it, to Mr. Thomas 
 Reeve, and George Cutton : But Mr. Stop- 
 ford is at prefent Patron of the Vicarage,, 
 which, when the Prior was Patron, was 
 valued at eight Marks ; but now is in the 
 King's Books but 4/. 1 1 j. otf. \. 
 
 Thefe are all the Towns and Villages 
 of this Wapentake, which afford us any 
 thing remarkable ; the other Villages, 
 as Terleton, Clapton, and Clyfton, we have 
 no Account of. And fo we mail proceed^ 
 to 
 
 The Wapentake of Einglam.. 
 
 This Wapentake is bounded on rhev 
 South with the Wapenrake cf Rufdiffe, 
 and Part of Leicejierfoire ; on the Eajl with. 
 Part of Lincolnfiere ; on the North, with 
 the Wapentakes of Newarke and Thurgar- 
 to; and on the Weft, with the Wapen- 
 takes of Thurgarton aforefaid, and Riifdiffe. 
 The Fee of it we fuppole to be in the 
 Crown, and the Government in the High 
 Sheriff for the Time being. 'Tis com- 
 monly called Binghamjljow Wapentake,., 
 from the ufual Place of Meeting on the 
 other Side of the Fuffe-way, near the moft 
 VVefterly Corner of Eingham Lord/hip,, 
 called, the Moot-Hottfe, where the Hun- 
 dred-Court (now beft known by the Moot- 
 Houfe Court) ought ftill to be kept : But 
 of late Years it has been ufually removed 
 to Crophill-Eutler for the Corfveniency of" 
 Entertainment. The Chief Town in this 
 Wapentake, is 
 
 Eingbam, a fmall Market-Town, front: 
 whence the Wapentake. takes its Name. 
 The Lordfhip o it, before the Conqueft, 
 
 bclongEfdj
 
 NO T TING H A MS HIRE. 
 
 belonged to two Saxons, Hoge and HeJga ; 
 but after it was all given to Roger de Bujli ; 
 after whom it hath had feveral Owners, 
 fince the Norman Invafion, as the Paga- 
 jiels, or Paynels, 'till King Henry the Ill's. 
 Time, when Foulk Paynel, having been in 
 Rebellion againft the faid King, was dif- 
 leifed of it, as forfeited to the Crown ; 
 and the King gave it to Henry de Baliol, 
 who had attended him with Horfe and 
 Arms in his Wars in Gafcoigne. But it 
 feems as if he had obtained it only for 
 Life, or he had alfo forfeited it, (for we 
 find him alfo joyning with the Barens a- 
 gainft the King) it was given to William 
 de Ferrariis, or Ferrers, who, 'tis probable, 
 iold it ; for in the 5oth Year of the fame 
 King, it was in the Pofleflion of Ralph 
 Bttgg, of Nottingham, Efq ; whofe Polte- 
 rity took the Sirname of Bingham from 
 this Manor. From the Binghams, after 
 fome Time, this Manor pafTed to the 
 Rempjicns ; and from them, by Marriage, 
 to the Stapletons, as we have (Viewed in 
 Rempfton above : But it remained not 
 long in that Family, Brian Stapleton, Efq', 
 felling it to Sir Thomas Stanhope, whofe 
 Defcendant, the prefent Earl of Chefler- 
 feld, is now the Lord of it. The Par- 
 fonage here is of great Value, which has 
 made it a Preferment for fuch learned 
 Men, as being qualify f d for Bifliops, 
 have been rcmovecf hence to feveral Sees, 
 as Dr. Abbot to the Archbilhoprick. of 
 Canterbury ; Dr. Wren to the See of Ely ', 
 and Dr. Har.mer to the See of Bangor. 
 Hayti-ood, a Piece of the Foreft between 
 Orton and Bledivorth, belongs to this Town 
 of Bingham. The Manor is now in the 
 Pofleflion of Mr. Stanhope, a Branch of 
 the Chejterfield Family. In the Church 
 here there is a Stone Tomb, and one of 
 Alabafter, now lying" under the Seat of 
 Mr. Richard Porter, the only considerable 
 Freeholder in the Lord/hip ; upon which 
 are the Statues, crofs- legged, of fome of 
 the Binghatns, with their Shield, on which 
 their Arms are emboflcd. In the Chancel 
 of the Church is a very handfbme Mo- 
 nument for Sir Thomas Rempfton, who di- 
 ed in the thirty fevenrh Year of King 
 Henry VI. and lies buried in thii Middle 
 of the Chancel, under a very fair Ala- 
 
 baftar Tomb, on which were laid the Ef- 
 figies of himfelf and Lady; but now they 
 are fo much defaced as to make no di- 
 ftint Reprefentation of them. The Mar- 
 ket here is on Thurfday Weekly ; and 
 there was Yearly a Fair, upon Ajla&on, 
 or Hajlacheton', anciently the Demcfn of 
 the Family of Aflaftons and Cranmers, by 
 Marriage. It is now a Village, famous 
 for little elfe but being the Birth-Place 
 of Dr. Thomas Cranmer, Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury. He Was a Gentleman born, 
 and bred in Jefus College, Cambridge, as 
 a Nobleman. His Parents were defcend- 
 ed of the famous Family of Cranmers , 
 of Cranmer-HaU in Lincolnshire : They 
 came in with the Conqueror ( as one 
 Cranmer, a French' Ambaflador in King 
 Henry VIII's. Time, made ft evident at 
 the Archbifhop's Table) as he did with 
 the Reformation ; and though he came 
 to be defervedly an Archbifhop , yet 
 Lambeth was never thought to outfliine 
 Cranmer-Hatt. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Place, before the 
 Diflblution of the Monafteries by King 
 Henry VIII. belonged to Welheck-Abbcy ; 
 but after was granted by King Edward VI. 
 to Dr. Thomas Cranmer, Archbilhop of 
 Canterbury, and his Heirs for ever. His 
 Nephew, Thomas Cranmer, died feifed of 
 this Reory, 5 Edward VI. But Heirs 
 Male failing, the Daughter and Heir of 
 Thomas Cranmer, marrying to Thomas Mo- 
 lineux, Efq ; his Son, Sir jFohn Molineuy;^ 
 Baronet, fold all his Intereft in this 
 Town, by which this Manor is become 
 the Duke of Kingftons ; and the Parfonage 
 and Tythes Mr. Gervafe Armftrong's of 
 Scarrington. Here was anciently a Cha- 
 pel for God's Service, but it is now made 
 a Dwelling-Houfe. 
 
 S. Aubrey ( our Maps call it S. Ambrofe} 
 and Barnejton, which Towns, and Langar t 
 went together before the Normans Com- 
 ,ing, and for Ibme confiderable Time af- 
 .tcr. Godric, the Saxon, had a Manor in 
 each of.thefe Towns when the Conque- 
 ror arrived, but kept them no longer 
 than 'till he was eftabliflied King ; for 
 upon his Cantoning out this Part of the 
 Iflc to his Followers, they, by his Gift, 
 became the Demefnes of William Peverel, 
 
 whole
 
 NO TflNG HA M S HIRE. 
 
 whofe Pofterity, after fome Succefllons, 
 pafled them to the Rodes, of which Fa- 
 mily John, the Son of Gerhard de Rodes , 
 made a Grant of them to Henry de Tlbl- 
 tot, or Tiptoft, Eve his Wife, and Pain 
 
 The Balingtons alfo had a Manor here, 
 which pafled to the Sheffield*, who fold it 
 to John Hacker Efq; whofe Grandfon, 
 Col. Francis Hacker, having been an Offi- 
 cer in the Parliament Army all along a- 
 
 Tibitot his Son and Heir, of the Fee of gainft the King, and at length having the 
 
 ^ 1 . _ /v % r _ - t-r+ 1 *-* i /*!%*< ***. i . i 
 
 thefe Manors, 1 3 Edw. I. The Tibitots 
 held them divers Succeffions ; but at 
 length Robert Tlbitot, the laft Heir Male 
 of the Family, leaving only three Daugh- 
 ters, Margaret, Milicent, and Elizabeth, 
 the eldeft not being above fix Years old, 
 Richard le Scrope, then Lord Treafurer of 
 England, obtained the Wardfhip of them, 
 and by marrying two of them at proper 
 
 Charge of his Majefty in Order to his 
 Execution, and conducing him to and 
 being with him on the Scaffold when he 
 was beheaded, was attainted and execu- 
 ted at the Reftoration of King Charles II. 
 his Eftate thereby being forfeited to the 
 Crown. His younger Brother Rowland 
 purchafed it of the Duke of York, to 
 whom it was granted ; which the Duke 
 
 Ages to his Sons, Roger and Stephen, much the rather complied with becaufe Rotoland 
 
 enriched his Family with their Eftates. 
 Immanuel Lord Scrope, the laft Heir Male 
 in the Family, was a Perfon in Favour in 
 the Reigns of the Kings James I. and 
 Charles I. being made President of the 
 
 had been a Colonel in the King's Army, 
 and their other Brother Thomas had been 
 killed in the King's Service ; which Con- 
 ^derations would certainly have mitiga- 
 ted Col. Francis Hackers Crime, and con- 
 
 King's Council in the North by the one, fequently have freed him from any, or 
 
 Reg. 16. and Earl of Sttnderland by the at leaft fo great a Punifhment, had he 
 
 other, 3 Car. I. but dying without any le- not been fo immediately inftrumental in 
 
 gitimate Iflue, fettled his Eftate upon his the Death of the King ; for at his' Trial 
 
 three natural Daughters, which he had if was proved againft him, That he was 
 
 by one Martha Jones, viz. Mary the eld- one of the Perfons that was upon the 
 
 eft, who was firft married to the Earl of 
 Monmouth, and after his Death to Charles 
 
 Guard, and kept the King Prifoncr 
 That the Warrant for feeing the Sentence 
 
 j,Yj.vr*r/i ur*r/sy VIAAVJ fcA-w it io +~s\**i ill LW \./FJ(T tc J A .11** L Lliw TV .* * *.wi u *v* *ww***& . v v^*>x **** 
 
 Lord St. John of Bajing, the Marquefs of againft the King executed was dire&ed 
 
 Winchejler's eldeft Son ; Elizabeth, the fe- to him and others ; and that in Profecu- 
 
 cond, who married Thomas Earl Rivers ; tion of that Commimon he had figned a 
 
 and Annabella. the youngeft, who was Warrant for executing the King ; and 
 
 married to John How Efq; fecond Son of that by Virtue of the Warrant he had 
 
 **f r TV C s* ii t.iTrv__ _1? ^l_ _ 
 
 John How of Compton in Glouceftcrfoire, a- 
 inong whom, when the whole Eftate came 
 to be divided, Langar fell to Annabella, 
 and fo became the Eftate of Mr. How, 
 and his Heirs, which he had by her. 
 
 received, he took the King out of the 
 Cuftody of Col. Tomlinfon, and conduced 
 him to the Scaffold, where he was put" to 
 Death. Thefe were Crimes of the high- 
 eft Guilt, which King Charles II. tho' a 
 
 "Barnjlon and S.Aubrey fell to one of the Prince of Clemency, yet having his Fa- 
 
 other Sifters Share, but to which of them 
 we do not find, and fo can give no far- 
 ther Account of them, as we fhall do of 
 Langar hereafter, when it became the E- 
 ftate of the Family of Scrapes. 
 
 ther's Death fo much at Heart, could 
 not upon any Consideration pardon. Had 
 this Colonel been, as a late Hiftorian 
 tells, us, a Soldier of Fortune only, 
 whofe notable Refolution and Conduit 
 
 Bajin?fie!(l, or Eajinfelt, an Hamler, of recommended him to CromiaeU, his Faulr 
 
 which Part is in the Parifh of Brid^ford had been the lefs, and much more excu- 
 
 Eajl, and Part in the Parifh. of Holm, fable ; but being (as this Account fhews) 
 
 both which we fhall hereafter defcribe. a Gentleman of an Eftate, 'twas his 
 
 The Manor of it was the Eftate of the Choice and not Neceflity that engaged 
 
 Lutterels for many Ages. him againft his Royal Alafter, and fo 
 
 Bridaford, or Brugeford Eajl, the Manor rendered his Crimes uncapable of Par- 
 
 of the Caltofts, from whom it pafled to don. 
 
 the Cbaworths, and by them to the Siropes. At
 
 NO 7T ING HAM SHIRE. 
 
 At the Houfe of the above-mentioned 
 Rowland Hacker Efq; in this Place it was 
 that Dr. Gilbert Sheldon, then Warden of 
 All- Souls-College in Oxford, and afterwards 
 Bifhop of London, and Archbifhop of Can 
 terbury, retired, foon after the Parliament 
 Commiflioners had eje&ed him from his 
 Place in that Univerfity. He continued 
 here three or four Years well pleafed 
 with the Rivers and Fields adjoining, which 
 made the Houfe a very agreeable Dwelling. 
 The Af nitons anciently had an an Eftate 
 in this Town, which having parted thro* 
 the Family of the Deincotrrts, William 
 Wainfeet Bifliop of Wtnchejler purchafed it, 
 and fettled it upon Magdalene-College in 
 Oxford, which Foundation hath an alter- 
 nate Turn with the Chaworths in prefent- 
 ing to the Reftory here. 
 
 There are two good Monuments in the 
 Church of this laft Bridpford, one in the 
 South Ifle, and the other on the North 
 Side of Church, but both without any In- 
 fcriptions, which is the more to be la- 
 mented, becaufe Tradition cannot inform 
 us whofe they are. 
 
 The Re&oi y of this Town is valued 
 in the King's Books at 19 /. 8 /. 6 d. i ; 
 and the Lord Vifcount Chazuorth, and the 
 College of St. M.ary Alagdalene in Oxford 
 are Patrons, and prefent by Turns. 
 
 The Fcfle-way , of which we have fpoken 
 at Willougkbj in the Wold, having from 
 thence palled thro' Widmerpole, Norman- 
 ton, Cropbill or CrcpweJl, Butler, and Bh:g- 
 kam, (in all which Places we find nothing 
 obfervable but the Traft of it) erodes 
 the Vale of Befocir, and at length goeth 
 thro' the Field of this Town, Eafl Brida- 
 ford, or Bridgford In the Hill, in which 
 there are at this Day plain Remains of 
 a Roman Station, near a Spring, called, 
 The Old-Wark Spring, and tlie Field be- 
 longing to the Town, in which Part of 
 the Camp lies, called Burroiv-feld. Mr. 
 Toxcr.ft ReSor of Wiverby in Leicejterfiire, 
 (to whofe Diligence the Difcovery of 
 luch Places in thefe Parts is in a great 
 Meafure owing) doth afltire us, that he 
 hath feen a fair filvcr Coin of Vefpajian, 
 which was found there ; and that others 
 are fomctimes ploughed or digged up by 
 the Inhabitants of the Town. That the 
 
 Conje&ure of a Station here is not ground- 
 lefs, may be further confirmed from the 
 Diftance of this Town from Willoughby t 
 which is about eight Miles, and near the 
 fame Diftance from;L0 Collingham, which 
 is about three Miles from Newark upon 
 Trent, at which Town, or near it, in a 
 large Field, there is fome Reafon to fix 
 another Station. The Fejfe-way indeed 
 lies above a Mile from it, but it receives 
 Authority from feveral of Conftantine* 
 Coins, which have been found there, as 
 well as its Diftance from Lincoln, which 
 is about nine Miles, where was another 
 Station. By this Means (if thefe Con- 
 je&ures be allowed a Probability, which 
 we can fe& no Reafon why they fliould 
 not) the vaft Breach between Leicefter and 
 Lincoln along the FoJJe will be pretty well 
 made up after this Manner, viz. 
 
 From Leicefter to WiUoughby in the 
 
 Nine Miles. 
 From .Willottghby toEaft Bridgford, Eight 
 
 Miles. 
 From Bridgfcrd to Long CoUingham, Nine 
 
 Miles. 
 From Collingham to Lincoln, Nine Miles. 
 
 Broughton, in Domefday-Book called Bri- 
 ton, and in Tejl. Nev. Bro&on, was in the 
 Conqueror's Time the Eftate of Algar 
 Earl of Leicejler, but was after given by 
 that King to the Earl of Chefter, under 
 whom Alttred de Sulenl held it, and from 
 him it had the Name of Broughton Sulney t 
 to diftinguifh it from Nether Broughton, 
 which is near it, tho* in Leicejlerfhire. 
 John de Suleni, in the Beginning of the 
 Reign of King Edward I. parted this Ma- 
 nor to Sir Gervafe de Clifton, in whole Po- 
 fterity it continued, till in the Reign of 
 King Charles II. Sir Gervafe Clifton Bar. 
 fold it, but after repented heartily of it, 
 becaufe it had been fo long in his Fami- 
 ly, and he was under no Neceflity to 
 fell, yet he referved the Advowfon of 
 the Re&ory to himlelf. It is valued in 
 the King's Books at 1 1 /. 91. 4 d. 3. 
 
 Carcoljlon, Carroujton, Cauejton, and in 
 
 our Maps Colfton, a Village of good Note 
 
 for the feveral eminent Families that 
 
 have been Lords of it, as Roger de Bttjli, 
 
 z the
 
 NO rr / NG HA M S HIRE. 
 
 the Lovetots, or Luvetots, who flourifhed 
 in the Reign of King Henry I. and were 
 Lords of this Manor to the Times of King 
 Edward I. when Oliver de Luvetot of this 
 Place, leaving no Iflue Male, the Female 
 Heir in Ibme Defcents brought this Ma- 
 nor into the Family of Tkurverton, or, as 
 it is now called, Thoroton, from whom the 
 learned Antiquary and Do&or of Phyfick, 
 who wrote the HJftory of this County, to 
 \vhich we are fo much indebted for our 
 Defcription, was defcended. From the 
 Luvetot s and Tborotons it after pafled to 
 the Arnolds and Binghanis, and at length 
 fettled in the Wballeys for many Genera- 
 tions, but hath lately been fold (as we 
 are informed by a Gentleman, who lives 
 in or near the Place) by a Decree in 
 Chancery, to Thomas Hall, Cleric, who 
 married the Heirefs of that worfliipful 
 Family the Wballeys. The fame Gentle- 
 man further adds, That 
 
 In Carcoljton upon the FoJJe-way (that 
 pafleth thro' it to Eaft-Bridord} was a Ro- 
 man Station, in that Part of the Lordfliip 
 called in old Writings, Aldwenh, and at 
 this Time, Oldtvarke, (in Diftin&ion to 
 Newark} where Foundations of folid 
 wrought Stone are found, the Grounds 
 thereabout bearing the Signs and Memory 
 of old Fortifications, viz. one Clofe, ftill 
 having the Name of Caflle-'htl^ and two 
 other of Caftleton-Clofes y as alfo a Spring, 
 called Oldwark Spring, and the adjacent 
 Ground on the other Side the Tofte-'xtiy 
 in 'Bridgford Parifli, (of which we have 
 fpoken above) called the Burrough-feld, 
 where ancient Coins have been found ; 
 at a little Diftance from which was 
 "Saxondale^ or Saxeden, where Roman Stone 
 Coffins have been dug up. We have 
 mentioned this Gentleman's Opinion con- 
 cerning a Roman Station in this Place, 
 tho 1 the Author of the Additions to Camb- 
 den places it at Eaft Bridsford^ that the 
 Reader may judge which is the moft pro- 
 bable by the Arguments produced for 
 their Conjectures, the Diftances being 
 much alike from either Places. 
 
 The Church of this Place was in the 
 Reign of King Henry I. given by William 
 Lvvetot to the Priory of St. Cutbbert at 
 Radfcrd near Workfop, which then was 
 founded by him, and among other Gifts 
 
 was confirmed by his Heirs. While the 
 Rectory was appropriated to the Priory, 
 the Vicarage was in the Gift of the 
 Monks, and at the DifTblution of theAb- 
 bies, the Rectory, with the Advowfon of 
 the Vicarage of this Town was granted 
 37 Hen. VIII. to Richard WljaUey E'fq; ar.-i 
 his Heirs, in whom it hath continued ever 
 fince, except in the Year 1670, when 
 William Duke of Netuc.ijlle, having then 
 PoiTeflion of the two Manors or Lord (hips 
 of the Town by Virtue of an Extent, 
 took upon him to prefent to it that 
 Turn ; but thefe Manors after his Death 
 returned to the Heirs of Wballey, and 
 being fold to Mr. ILr//, as is above ob- 
 ferved, the Right of Presentation to the 
 Vicarage is now lodged in him. (So far 
 the Gentleman.) But the Parfonage and 
 great Tithe.; belong to his Grace the pre- 
 fent Duke of Newcxjlle, or his Aflignees 
 and Heirs ; but being charged with an 
 yearly Rent of twenty Pounds to the 
 King, and four Pounds to the See of Lin- 
 coin, they are for the moft Part of no 
 great Value befides. The Value of the 
 Vicarage in the King's Books at this 
 Time is 6 I. is. lod. 
 
 In the upper Window of this Church 
 are the Arms of the Families of Bingbanr, 
 Nezvmarfh, JVhatton, and Gloucester ; and 
 on the Wall a Monument of Stone for 
 Mr. Gregory Hexfon, and in the Church- 
 yard another for Robert Tlwrttoa, who died 
 Decemb. iz. 1646. 
 
 Clipfton, a little Village lying upon the 
 Borders of Rfdlffe Wapentake ; and when 
 Plumbtree Hundred was in Ufe, this Place 
 was accounted a Part of it ; but it has 
 been reckoned in this Wapentake of Eing- 
 bam ever fince the Conqueft, tho' it yet 
 remains in Plumbtree Parifli. One Ufaiet 
 a Saxon was Lord of this Manor before 
 the Conqueft ; but all the Titles of Lands 
 held by the Saxons expired with tho 
 Conqueror's Settlement on the Throne, 
 and this Manor was given to his great Fa- 
 vourite Roger de Bujlj t who, having founds 
 ed a Priory of Bened';&int Monks at El 
 a Town on the Confines of this County- 
 North v.-ard, s;avc the Tithes of one 
 Plough-Land tn this Parifh to it. This 
 
 Lordship wa foirie Ages after poflefied 
 
 F t _. . 
 
 Of
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 by a Family of the Binghams, (of whom 
 Richard de Bingham, ^^ Ediu. T. procured 
 a Charter of Free-warren in all his De- 
 mefne Lands here) and after them by 
 the Rempftones, from whom it came by 
 Purchafe to the Noble Houfc of the 
 Pierpoints, Sir George Pierpoint Kt. who died 
 the zift of March, 6 Eliz. 1564, being 
 then poflcfled of this Manor of Clipjlon, 
 with divers other Lands, Churches, and 
 Eftates, leaving all of them to his Son 
 and Heir Henry, who, 3 Car. I. 1628, was 
 firft raifed to the Dignity of a Baron of 
 this Realm, by the Stile and Title of 
 Lord Pierpoint of Holme Pierpoint, and a 
 little after made Vifcount Newark, and 
 Earl of Klngjton upon Hull. His prefent 
 Defcendant is the Duke of Klngjton. Mr. 
 Kd'/nfiead, p. 143 of his Hittory of the 
 Kings of England, tells us, That King Ri- 
 thard I. Anno T 194, received the King of 
 Scots, who came to vifit him, and con- 
 gratulate his Return from the Holy Land 
 and Captivity at this Town of Cfipfton. 
 Thefe two Princes, being thus met, Ipent 
 fbmc Days in great Mirth and Jollity ; 
 lut in the End the King of Scots required 
 of King Richard to reftore to him the 
 Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, 
 Weftmoreland, and Lancajler, which, in 
 Right of his Predeceflbrs (as he allcdged) 
 belonged to him. King Richard, having 
 confulted his Parliament, anfwered the 
 King of Scots, that he could by no Means 
 fatisfy his Petition, yet granted, in the 
 Prefence of his Nobles, and by Deed 
 confirmed it to the faid King of Scotj 
 and his Heirs, that whenever any of them 
 came by Summons to the Court of the 
 King of England, they fhould be at- 
 tended from Shire to Shire by the Pre- 
 lates and Sheriffs from their Entrance 
 into his Kingdom till they came to the 
 King's Court, and while they abode 
 fhould have an Allowance for their Li- 
 very out of the King's Purfe, and fo at 
 their Return. 
 
 Cclifion-BaJfct, fo called from its ancient 
 Lords, defccndcd from Ralph Baffet Chief 
 jurtice of England, \vho may properly be 
 railed Lord Chief Jultice, for his Autho- 
 jtry was fo great with King Henry I. that 
 Le wus aHawed to fit in what Court he 
 
 pleafed, and wherefocver elfe he thought 
 fit, for the Adminiftration of Juftice. 
 Certainly this Man had fome extraordi- 
 nary Merit, that attracted that King's 
 Favo'ur; for Ord. Vitalls tells us, That the 
 King, at the very Beginning of iiis Reign, 
 Ilium de ignobili Stirpe llluftravlt, & de Pul- 
 vere (ut ita dicam} extullt, dataq; Facilitate 
 fuper Confides & Oppidanoi illujlres exaltavit, 
 i. e. Railed him from a very low Condition, 
 and conferring on him an ample Eftate, 
 exalted him above Earls and other great 
 Men. This Ralph, being Lord of this 
 Manor, gave one Carucate of Land in 
 Chlnolron, which is Part of this LorcUhip, 
 to the Abbey of Eynfoam in Oxfordshire, 
 for the Maintenance of one Monk, which 
 he had added to their Number ; the reft 
 continued in his Pofterity a Succeflion or 
 two, and then palTed inro the Family of 
 the Bajfets of Draiton near Tamivorth in 
 Staffordshire. A collateral Branch of the 
 former Ralph Baffet of this Family built a 
 new Chapel in this Town, and was fuc- 
 ceeded in his Eftate by his Son of the 
 fame Name, who dying without Iflue 
 Male, his Eftate came to be divided a- 
 mong the Heirs of the Female Line, who 
 were Thomas Earl of Stafford, and Sir 
 William Chaworth's Lady, Alice; whofe 
 Pedigree, being not very clear, there 
 was a great Controverfy between Humphry 
 Earl of Stafford and Sir Thomas Chaworth 
 Kt. about this Manor and other Eftates 
 belonging to the faid Ralph ; but notwith- 
 ftanding thofe Contefts, foan the Mother 
 of the faid Ralph, who held the third 
 Part of this Manor in Dower, enjoyed it 
 during her Life, and after her Deceafe 
 it became vefted. in the Stafford Family, 
 and continued forne Succeffions in it, yet 
 not without fome Alienation of it, at 
 leaft for a fmall Time ; for we find, that 
 JJ>n Tntthak, in King Edtvardthe Fourth's 
 Reign, was poflefled of this Manor of 
 CoIften-'Baffet, and having forfeited it by 
 fiding with King Henry VI. it was given 
 to Rhhard Duke of Gloucfjter, who, 'tis 
 probable, reftored it to the St.iffvrd Fa- 
 mily, the then Duke of Buckingham much 
 furthering his Deligns in obtaining the- 
 Crown, 
 
 JEu&fecnff
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 45 
 
 "Edward Stafford^ the laft Duke of Buck- tingham were divided, the Family contr- 
 
 ingham of that Name, fold this Manor to nued in Repute, for J-ohn Bajfet Efq; was 
 
 Air. Kitfon, whofe Son and Heir Sir Tho- High Sheriff for this County of Notting- 
 
 mas Kit/on Kt. conveyed it to Mr. Golding ham in the thirty-fifth Year of Queen E- 
 
 u:. c j _i_-_Al X_ .J-I-MJ -_.i Ifafafo Reign. 
 
 The Church here ftands in the Fields, 
 which are now inclofed, and, as our Au- 
 thor obferves, are depopulated thereby ; 
 for Inclofures, which are thought to en- 
 rich other Countries, impoverifh this of 
 Nottingham. Ralph Bajfet, who is faid a- 
 bovc to have built a new Chapel in this 
 Place, ordained by his Will, that a Chan- 
 try fhould be eftablifhed in this his new 
 
 his Steward, whofe Grandchild and Heir 
 Edward Golding Efq; was created a Baro- 
 net at the Beginning of the Civil Wars. 
 He was fole Heir of the Manor and Im- 
 propriation, except that Part, which his 
 Father fold ro Mr. Francis Hacker, who 
 built an Houfe upon it, and left it to his 
 -eldeft Son, Colonel Francis Hacker, who 
 guarded King Charles I. to the Scaffold, 
 for which and other Crimes he was at- 
 tainted of High Treafbn, and executed 
 for it, (as is above fhewed) this and all 
 his other Eftate being thereby forfeited 
 to the Crown. The Duke of Tork, who 
 engrofled almoft afl the forfeited Eftates, 
 obtained this of his Brother King Charles 
 II. and obliged the Colonel's Brother to 
 buy it of him, if he would have it, which 
 he did, and had no bad Bargain of the Pur- 
 chafe, confidered as a Chapman only ; 
 but he fold it again to "John Grubham How 
 of Lavgar Efq; who was lately the Owner 
 of it. 
 
 Chapel, where Prayers ihould be faid for 
 his Soul for ever, for which, and three 
 other Chantries elfewhere he gave two 
 hundred Pounds. 
 
 The Living here is a Vicarage, valued 
 in the King's Books at 8 /. 7 j. 6 d. the 
 King is Patron. 
 
 Cotgrave, or Codgrave, called in Domef- 
 day-Book, Godegrave. Part of this Manor 
 before the Conqueft belonged to a Saxott 
 Lord, named Oghe, and afterwards to 
 Hugh de Baron, and others. This Hugh^ 
 being an Encourager of the monaftick 
 
 an 
 
 The Baffets had given away fome Parts Life, gave one Moiety of this Church of 
 
 of this Manor to the Priory of Eynfiam, Cotgrave to the Priory of Lenton. Sir 
 
 as is above faid, and to the Abbey of William Dugdale fays, that he gave all his 
 
 Laund in Leirejterjbire, which was founded Lands in Cottefgrave to the faid Monks, 
 
 by Richard Bajfet, the Founder of the which both are true ; for he gave the 
 
 Drayton Family, and Maud his Wife, the one in 1144., the other three Years after, 
 
 Heircfs of Jeffrey Ridel, which was grant- excepting the Knight's Fee, which he 
 
 ed by Queen Elizabeth to Anthony Nevil kept in his Hands for the Service of the 
 
 Efq; and his Heirs, of whom, 'tis proba- King and his Heir. The Seat of this 
 
 ble, Sir Edward Golding purchafed it, that Hugh was at Horftan-Caflle in Darby foire, 
 
 he might have the Lordfhip of this Town 
 compleat to himfelf and Heirs. 
 
 While the Bajfets flouriflied in this 
 County, many of them were Men of 
 
 Note ; for WiU'iam Bijfet Efq; was High in Lincolnfoire, which, at the Diflblution 
 Sheriff for the Counties of Darby and Not- of the Monafteries, was fold by King 
 
 of which there are ftill fbme Remains in 
 Horfeley-Park there. Roger of Poictiers had 
 alfo a Manor in this Place after the Con- 
 queft, which he gave to 
 
 tlnaham, in the (ixteenth Year of King 
 Edward IV. and Richard B.tfet Efq; bore 
 the fame Office in the third Yes*r of King 
 Henry VIII. Sir William Bajfet Kt. was 
 High Sheriff of the fame Counties in the 
 thirty-firft Year of the lame King's Reign, 
 as was alfo William Bajfet Efq; twice in 
 the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, viz.. in her 
 nineteenth and thirty-fourth Years, and 
 after the Sheriffalties of Darby and Not- 
 
 Henry VIII. for 6847. 1 6 s. 8 d. to Harold 
 Rnfel Efq; of Cotgrave, whofe Anceftors 
 flouriflied hereabout in the Beginning of 
 the Norman Government. The Scbrimjbires 
 had alfo a Lordlhjp here, and the Whalleys 
 a Seat and fome Pofleflions. The Rofels 
 Part patted to the Family of the Pierpoints, 
 and the Lands, that belonged to the Mo- 
 naftery of Lenton, were granted by King 
 Philip and Queen Mary to Tljomas Write 
 F z Efq;
 
 44 
 
 Efq; a Suffolk Gentleman, whofe Succef- 
 for made it the Place of his Refidencc, 
 as his Pofterity have continued it, one 
 Air. White dwelling now or lately there. 
 The Church here is divided into two 
 Re&ories, both of which are in the Pa- 
 tronage of the Pierpoints, viz.- the Duke 
 of Kingjlon, who keeps a Court here. The 
 one of them is now valued at 10 /. 7 j. 
 3 d. [. and the other at 9 1. 14 j. 9 d. [. 
 in the King's Books. Tn the Church Win- 
 dows are the Arms of the Buggs and Bing- 
 hams ; and in the Body two Monuments 
 for Mr. John Scrimfiires, Father and Son, 
 who died in lefs than fix Months the one 
 oft" the other, Ann. Dom. 
 
 Church, as had been done while the Pri- 
 ory of Thurgarton had the Tithes. King 
 Edward VI, Reg. 2. exchanging fome 
 Lands with Sir Thomas Hineage Kt. gave 
 him certain Eftates in thefe two Parifa.es, 
 Parcels of the Lands belonging to theMo- 
 naftery of St. Peter at Thurgarton. 
 
 The Manor of this Town was, after 
 fome Contefts at Law with Sir Edmund 
 Sawders Kt. Lord Chief Juftice veftcd in 
 Thomas Hockenfon, or Htttchinfon Gent, and 
 continued in his Family fome Succeflions, 
 till Sir Thomas Hutchinfcn, who lately had 
 the Inheritance of it, fold the Farms to 
 divers Freeholders, and the Demefne to 
 -a^uit tne Earl of Kingjlon, whofe Defcendant 
 
 Crppbit-B/fiop, and Crophill-Butler, our the Duke of Kingflon is now Owner of it. 
 
 Maps and Villare call them them Cropwell. 
 Dr. Throtcn fays, their Name is taken 
 from a round 'Hill, which ftands between 
 them, called Hou-Hill. They lie conti- 
 guous, and have their Lands intermixed 
 
 JElton, in Dom efday -Book Ayleton, and in 
 other Writings Elleton. Morcar the Earl 
 held Land in this Town in the Saxons 
 Time , but upon the Conqueror's Settle- 
 ment he was forced to relinquifli it to Re- 
 
 one Field, fo that 'tis judged they were ger de Bujly y who, having founded a Pri- 
 
 both but one Parifli, but have been made ory of Benediftine Monks at Blythe, gave 
 
 d.iftinft upon the Account of the two this Manor to that Monaftery. Upon the 
 
 Lordfliips in it, one of which, belonging Diffolutkm of the Abbies it was granted 
 
 formerly to the Archbimop of fork, took to one Mr. York, of whom Sir J-ohn Lyort 
 
 the Name of Great- Crephill, or Crephill-Bi- an Alderman of London y bought it ; but 
 
 flop. The whole Lordftiip of this Town, it did not remain long in his Family; 
 
 (except three or four inconfiderable Free- for his Heirs fold it to the Mores, of which- 
 
 holds) together with the Tithes of Corn Family was the famous Dr. Henry More, 
 
 and Hay r are Part of the two Prebends Fellow of Chrljl' s-College in Cambridge, a 
 
 of Oxton, which belong to the Collegiate moft profound Philolbpher and ferious Di- 
 
 Church of Sotttbivelt. The Prebendaries vine- He was Nephew to Gabriel More 
 
 arc the Patrons of the Church ; but the Doftor of Divinity, Prebendary of Weft- 
 
 Vicarage is but fmall, being valued inrthe mlnjler. Dr. Thavoton tells us, that the Lord 
 
 King's Books but at 5 /. 3 s 
 other Manor, now called, 
 
 was fo named from the 
 
 4 d. The Marquefs of Dorcbefter had a Manor here 
 in his Time ; but Mr. More was the chief 
 Lord. The Parifh is fmall, and has but 
 
 Butlers (cr, as their Name is diverfly few Farms in it ; but in his Time, he fays, 
 
 written, Botyllers, Botillers, Butilers, and there were not Half ib many Farmers in it 
 
 Butelers} of Warrlngton in Lancafrire, de- as formerly, the Lands being got into a 
 
 fcended of Robert Pincerna, or Butler, to few Hands, thro* the Covetoufnefs of 
 
 Riinulph Gernons Earl of Cbejter, who were fome and Inability of others, 
 Lords of this Manor from King Hen- The Church here is a Re&ory in the 
 
 ry the Third's Time to the Reign of King Patronage of Mr. Alexander More, and va- 
 
 Hexry VIII. fince which Time it has often lued in the King's Books at 8 /. 5 /. The 
 The Grange is now, 
 the Poffeflion of the 
 
 changed its Lords. 
 or was lately, in 
 Lord Cbtweft*, who had the Tithes, and 
 found a Chaplain for Tithcly, whither the 
 Inhabitants of Crophill-B utter refort for Di- 
 vine Service, *s to tkeir own Puriih 
 
 Tithes arc valued at 70 /. per Ann. and 
 Glebe at 10 /. The Rents of the whole 
 Town arc beiides 288 /. 15 s. The Manor- 
 Houfe and all the other Farms in the 
 Parifh, except three Cottages are Mr.
 
 NO r 
 
 TUnihaM was one of 
 granted by the Conqueror to Roger de Buif- 
 ley, by the Deprivation of the old Saxon 
 Lord, Odincar, who poflefled it before the 
 Conqucft. The HuJJeys were Lords of a 
 great Part of this Manor, from King Ed- 
 
 I N G II A M S H I R E. 
 
 the Lordmips 
 
 45 
 
 had their chief Seat, and being a religi- 
 ous Family (according to the Manner of 
 the Times they lived in) have given ma- 
 ny Examples of a fingular Devotion in 
 them, viz. I. Walter De'incourt founded a 
 Priory for Canons of St. Augujline at Thur- 
 
 ward the Firft's Time to the Reign of garton in this County, in the Reign of 
 
 King Charles I. when it patted for Want 
 of Heirs Male to the Drapers, and after- 
 wards to the Butlers, being both defccnd- 
 ed of the Heirs' General of the Hx/eys. 
 The Hotots have had a Lordmip here 
 from the Reign of KingH<?ry III. to our 
 Times. The Demefnes at prefent are 
 the Inheritance of Join Hacker Efq; 
 whofe Father Richard Hacker purchafed 
 them of the Drapers, who had married 
 the Heirefs of the Hujfeys, or Hofees, whofe 
 Pedigree Dr. Thoroton gives us, p. 133. of 
 his Hiftory of this Shire. 
 The Church of this Place was appro- 
 
 King Henry II. 2. Walter De'incourt, among 
 other Donations of Lands, Tidies, and 
 Mills, gave the Tithes of this Town 
 (called there Greenby} to the Abby of St. 
 Adary's at York. 3. John De'incourt, i fob. 
 gave to the Monks of Behoir one Caru- 
 cate of Land in this Town, on Condition,, 
 that they mould pray for the good Eftate 
 of himfelf and his Wife, as alfo for the 
 Health of the Souls of Walter his Father, 
 and Oliver his Brother. 4. Oliver De'incourt 
 alfb, 6 Rich. I. gave to the Canons o 
 Thurgarton a Rent of Ailize of five Shil- " 
 lings per Annum, and five Bovates of Land 
 
 priated to the Abbey of Welbeck by Tho in Botilflon. William De'incourt was the laft 
 Archbilhop df York, about the Year Male Heir of this Family, and 
 
 1389, but now it belongs to Trinity-College without IfTuc, i Hen. VI. left Alice anc 
 
 Margaret his Sifters and Heirs, who mar- 
 rying, the eldeft to William Lord 
 
 in Cambridge, to which it was granted, 
 
 v/ith the Demefne which belonged to 
 
 Thurgarton Priory by King Henry the and the youngeft to Ralph Lord Cromwell^ 
 
 Eighth's Letters Patents, dated December this Manor in the Divifion fell to the 
 
 24. 58 Hen. VIII. The Family of Cooper 
 
 of Thurgarton have ufually been grand 
 
 Tenants to the College ; but Mr. John 
 Hacker holds the Re&ory. The Vica- 
 
 Lord Lovef. Of this Family of Deinccnrt 
 John was fummoned to Parliament as a 
 Lord in King Edward the Third's Days, 
 having before in the fame Reign ferved 
 
 rage here is now valued in the King's as Knight of the Shire for the County. 
 
 He was alfo in the fame Reign affigned, 
 among others, to attend John King of 
 France in the Cattle of Hartford. 
 
 This Manor continued not long in the 
 Family of Love! ; for Francis Lord Lovef^ 
 being a firm Adherent to the York Family,, 
 was with King Richard III. in Bofaortb- 
 E'tld fighting agaii>ft King Henry. VII, and 
 efcaping from thence by Flight got to- 
 Margaret Dutchefs of Burgundy, King Ri- 
 ckard's Siller, by whofe Inftigation" and 
 Affiftance he attempted under Mai-tia 
 
 Books at 6 I. 3 s. 4 d. and Trinity-College 
 are the Patrons. In the Church Win- 
 dows and Walls are the Arms of the Huf- 
 feys, Cromwells, Binghams, and Byrons. In 
 the South Crofs Ifle is a Monument e- 
 re&ed by Robert Butler jun. in Memory 
 of the Httffeys of this Place, his Anceftors 
 by Mother-Side, Anno i6~ t 6, as alfo for 
 Ralph Prifdham and Agnes his Sifter, the 
 Children of Richard .Prudham y who died 
 almolt together in 1470. 
 
 Grar.by, with which Sudton, or Sititon, is 
 ufually joined. Han/ine the Saxon had a 
 
 -, --. S-wart and John de la Pole Earl of Lincoln , 
 
 Manor here .before the Norman Invafion ; ro '^rKr-^n^ Tfi'n-r 7, u -^^ ,!,r^K / -r^r.^_ 
 
 but the Conqueror difpoflefs'd him, 
 gave it to Walter D'Aiweurt, or Delncoui-t. 
 Earl Algar allb had a Manor in this. 
 Town before the Conqueror's Arrival ; 
 but he was forced to give Place to 
 
 i * 
 
 Here the 
 
 to dethrone King Henry, for which Trea- 
 aud Tons be was attainted, and his whole E- 
 ftate coming to the Crown, King Henry 
 VII. granted this Manor to Sir John S/i- 
 var-e, whole Defcendant the Lord Vif- 
 co.unt Sa,'j.ige fold it to Sir olxt 
 
 * v*v/..fc V\J>A\JI *> \j <1U I (Jl.'Jt JVJttftcrS^ 
 
 Lords Dtiiicsurt \-'Uo rd.Qrandfon is the prefent Duke of 
 
 i Rutland,
 
 NO T TTNGHA MS HIRE. 
 
 Rutland, who has conferred a new Honour 
 upon this Place, by taking the Title of 
 the Marque fs of Granby, which by the 
 Courtefy of England his eldeft Son bears. 
 This was anciently a Market-Town ; but 
 it hath been fo long difufed, that the 
 Day on which it was kept weekly is for- 
 gotten, yet the Fair ftill continues, and is 
 held yearly on All-Saints-Day, Nov. i. the 
 Church being dedicated to All Saints, 
 which is a general Reafon for keeping 
 Fairs in moll Country Towns. 
 
 The Re&ory, before the Diflblution of 
 the Monafteries, was appropriated to the 
 Priory of Thurgarton, and after granted, 
 lS Eliz. to Roger Adaners Efq; and his 
 Heirs, and is now the Inheritance of the 
 Earl of Rutland. Walter Grey Archbifhop 
 of York continued the Vicarage here, to 
 confift of the Alterage only, which was 
 then computed at ten Marks. It is now 
 Vf hied in the King's Books at 6 I. 3 /. 
 6J. i. and the real Value is reputed not 
 to be more. 
 
 Hawkfworth, or Hocbeftuord, a fmall 
 Town, anciently poflcfled by the Deincourts, 
 in which Family it continued feveral Suc- 
 cefEons, and then falling to Heirs Female, 
 
 pa fled thro' divers Families, tU! at length 
 it was icized by the Crown, being Parcel 
 of the Pofleffions of Sir Morrice Dennis Kt. 
 Queen Eli-^aheth, in the third Year of her 
 Reign, granted it to Richard Whalley Efq; 
 in whofe Pofterity it continued (bme Time ; 
 but about the Year 1670, Mr. Whalley, 
 who was then in Pofleflion of it, made it 
 over to William Duke of Newcajtle, of 
 whom Robert Butler Efq; purchaied it. 
 The Patronage of the Church is in the 
 faid Mr. Butler ; but Sir Thomas Hineape's 
 Heirs or Affignees have a yearly Portion 
 out of the Parfonage of fix Shillings and 
 Eight-pence, which was allowed him in 
 Exchange with King Edward VI. for 
 other Lands. It was then in the King's 
 Hands, being Parcel of the Eftate of the 
 Priory of St. Peter at Thurgarton, fettled 
 on the Crown by the Aft for the Diflblu- 
 tion of the Abbies of England. 'Tis pro- 
 bable the noble Family cf the Finches y 
 whom the Heirefs of Sir The. Hineage mar- 
 ried, now enjoy it. 
 
 Over the Entrance into Porch of this 
 Church is engraven on a Stone thefe 
 Lines. 
 
 Gautems, &> Uxor ejus Cecelina fecerunt farere Ecclefiam 
 
 ijiam in honorem Domini noflri I E S U, & Beat* 
 
 Mariae Virginis, &* omnium Sanftorum Dei fimul. 
 
 In the Windows are the Arms of Mydleton 
 of Fulbeck in Lincolnshire, Sibthorps, Leeks, 
 and Bozoms, and in the Chancel is a Mo- 
 nument for Mr. Robert Rockhold, the inoft 
 ingenious and pious Re&or of this Place, 
 who was buried in 1659. 
 
 Hicklitig, in Domefday-Eook called Echeling, 
 and Hegeline ; Godwin and Turkhill were 
 Lords of this Town before the Conqueft, 
 when it went by the Name of Ecbeling ; 
 but thefc Saxon Lords were outed by the 
 Conqueror, and one of their Parts was 
 given to Ilbert de Lacy, and the other to 
 'Walter Dtincourt, which laft was given by 
 Sir Gerard de Faneeourt, the Heir of the 
 "DeincoHrtf, to the Priory of Thurgarton, of 
 Ralph de Aynronrt's Foundation. The La- 
 cfs Part paflcd to Earls of Lincoln of that 
 ^ame, and after having had feveral Own- 
 ers came to the Leeks, and is now, or 
 "I 
 
 late was, the Inheritance of Richard Mftunf- 
 feld of Leeke Efq; to whom it defcendcd 
 from his Uncle Mr. Francis Mansfeld. 
 Upon the Diflblution of the Abbey the 
 Lands of this Town, that belonged to the 
 Monaftery of Thurgarton, fell to the 
 Crown, and were by King Edward VI. 
 granted by Patent to Lionel Dncket and Ed- 
 ward Whitchurch, but afterwards returning 
 to the Crown were granted by Queen E- 
 lizabeth to Sir Thomas Grefiam, the famous 
 Alerchant of London, who was fb great a 
 Benefactor to that City ; but neither of 
 thefe Lords were fo compleat Poflcflbrs of 
 the Town, but that a fmall Part of it 
 belonged to Crophill, and was annexed to 
 the Deanery of the Collegiate Church of 
 Southwell, mentioned before in Crophill- 
 Bifiop, being a Parcel of the two Pre- 
 bends of Oat on. 
 
 The
 
 NO Tf ING IU M S HI RE. 47 
 
 The Church here was anciently in the Time, and held one Knight's Fee of the 
 
 Patronage of the Leekes, but now, or late, Bifhop of Lincoln, de veteri Feoffmento, which 
 
 of Mrs. Sarah Eardfey Widow. The Tithes proves, that his Anceftors had heen en- 
 
 belonging to the Deinconrts, Part belonged feoffed of it in the Time of King Henry I. 
 
 to the Priory of Tkurgarton, and two Parts He gave the Lordfhip of Haliwell to the 
 
 of the Tithes of the Lacy's Lordfliip v/,is Alonks of Bafingwerli in Flintfiire. In the 
 
 given by them to the Chapel of St. Cle- Reign of King Edward I. Simon de Pierpoint, 
 
 meat in Pomfret-Caftle, which all returned (how defcended, from John or Robert, we 
 
 upon the Suppreffion of the Abbies to the do not difcover) Reg. 32. was one of thole 
 
 Church, whereby it became a ReSory. Perfons of Note, who was fummoned by 
 
 It is valued in the King's Books at 18 /. fpecial Writ to repair with all Speed to 
 
 8 f. 4<t. the King, wherefoever he fhould be, on 
 
 Holm, a Manor poflefled long by the June 8. in England, to treat of certain 
 
 Plerpolnts, partly by Inheritance and part- \veighty Affairs relating to his and their 
 
 ly by Purchafe. They defcend from Sir Honour, the Sheriffs or every County be- 
 
 Henry Pierpoint, who married Annora the ing at the fame Time commanded to caule 
 
 Heirefsof the Family of Manvers, or Ma- two Knights for every Shire, and two 
 
 ners, the ancient Lords of this Town, Eurgefles for every Corporation, to attend 
 
 and give Name to this Town, called them, ad confulendum &> confentlendum,^ in 
 
 fmce from them Holm-Plerpolnt. Here we Order to make all necefTary Preparations 
 
 think it convenient, becaufe in this our for his Expedition into Gafcolgn in France* 
 
 Hilhory we write the proper Names of Robert Pierpoint was his Brother ; but of 
 
 Perfons and Places feveral Ways, to fhew either of them we find no more, as to their 
 
 how differently the Names of Miners Succeflbrs and Heirs. 
 
 and Pierpoint are written in our Records, This feenis indifputable, that the Po- 
 
 as Mulnuers, Maunuors, Malucclers, Malno- fterity of Henry Pierpoint, and Annora, by 
 ers, Maunoers, and Maners ', and fo Pier- 
 font, Perepunt, Perpount, Perepount, Pier- 
 
 whom this Manor came to the Pierpoints, 
 
 , , had their Refidence, for the moft Pirf 
 
 poynt, Plrpond, Perpoynt, and Pierpoint, that in this- Town, and obtained many Privi- 
 our Reader may notaccufeusof Heedlefs- leges for it, for Robert Pierpoint, 9 Edward 
 nefs or Ignorance. Before the Coming of II. obtained a Charter of Free-warren in. 
 the Normans one Toret a Sawn had the all his Demefn- Lands, wirhin all his 
 Manor of this Town ; but the Invader Lordmips in this County, of which, this 
 foon ftript him of it, and gave it to Re- of Holm is placed firft ; which having? 
 ger de Bu-jley, a Perfon to whom he was fb continued many Reigns, was renewed 
 bountiful, as if he thought he could ne- and confirmed by King Henry VIII. at 
 ver enrich him enough". The Manvers the Suit and Requeft of Sir William Pier- 
 had fome PofTeflions in this Town in the point, Knight, and fo left to his Heir 
 Reign of King Henry I. from whom Henry and Succeflbr George Pierpoint, Efq ; Hi- 
 Pierpolnt, by the Marriage of Annora Ma- therto, in difcourfing of this ancient and 
 fsers, came hrft into Pofleflion of a Part of noble Family, we find none fummon'd 
 it, which his Heirs inherited; but of their to Parliament as a Baron, but Simon 
 Succeflbrs and Heirs we have not a clear Pierpoint abovementioned ; but all along, 
 Account, and therefore proceed in their both before and after, they were always 
 Genealogy as we can. The next we find reputed among the prime Gentry of 
 of this Noble Family is, John de Pierpoint their Country^ and accordingly were 
 cf KlrHy in AfifieU, whole Lands ftill re- chofen to the molt eminent Offices and 
 main there in the Pofleflion of this Ho- Ports ; for Henry Pierpoint ferved, as * 
 nourable Family. He had two Brothers, Knight of this Shire in Parliament, the 
 named Henry and Roger. Dr. Tborototi fup- fifrh and ninth Years of King Henry W 
 poles them to be the Sons or Grandfons and the fecond and third Years of King 
 (and very much is to be attributed to his Htnry VI. Sir Henry Pierpci?it r Knight y 
 Judgment in this Cafe) of Robert le Pier- was alfo Ki^h Sheritf for this County, 
 fo'iKt r who lived in King Henry the Tnird'
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 and Darfyjlrire, in the ninth Year of King 
 .Edward IV. This is that Henry Pierpoint, 
 li r q ; of whom it is faid, that King Ed- 
 <uwd IV. for the good and laudable Ser- 
 vices perform'd, at his great Cofts and 
 Charges, and with manifold Dangers a- 
 gainit that King's Rebels, who had le- 
 vied War againft him, before, and at 
 that Time, gave to the faid Henry, and 
 his Heirs Male, the third Part of the 
 Manor of Staley, and a like Part of the 
 Advowfbn of the Church, and a Chantry 
 there, in DarbyJIrire, which came to the 
 King's Hands by the Attainder of John 
 Lord Clifford. William Pierpoint, Efq ; al- 
 fo fcrvcd in the fame Office, in the eigh- 
 teenth Year of King Henry VII. Sir Wil- 
 liam Pierpoint, Knight, alfo did the fame 
 in the thirteenth Year of King Henry VIII. 
 And after the Sheriffalties of this, and 
 Dartyfilre were parted , Henry Pierpoint, 
 Efq ; was High Sheriff for this Shire. So 
 long hath this noble Family continued 
 in great Reputation, and in thefe laft A- 
 ges advanced to the higheft Pitch of Ho- 
 nour, for juft Reafons, by thefe Degrees. 
 For, 
 
 Robert Pierpoint, Son of Sir Henry Pier- 
 feint, Knight, and Frances, El deft Daugh- 
 ter of Sir William Caver.difi, Knight, and 
 Sifter to William Earl of Devon, having 
 been educated in Oriel College, Oxford', 
 and proving a Perfon of excellent Parts, 
 end ample Fortune, was, by Letters Pa- 
 tent, dated June 29, 3 Car. I. 1 628. ad- 
 vanced to the Dignity of a Baron of this 
 Realm, by the Title of Lord Pierpoint of 
 Holm-Pierpcint, in Com' Nott' and upon 
 July 25, in the next Year, was created 
 Vi (count Newarke, and Earl of Kingjlon 
 upon Hull. He was fo Zealous for King 
 Charles I. in the Beginning of the late Re- 
 bellion, that he raifed a Regiment for 
 his Service ; and being taken Prifoner by 
 the Parliament Forces, at the Siege of 
 Gainshrc-uylj July 30, 1643. was flain b / 
 the King's Party, in endeavouring his 
 Refcue. " The King himfelf was not a 
 little affcGcd at his Lofs, whom he ufu- 
 ftlly called, the Good Earl of Kingfton. 
 
 Henry, his Son and Heir, inherited not 
 only his Titles, but Loyalty ; and attend- 
 ed the faid King Charles JL at Oxford, 
 
 and many other Places, in the perilous 
 and troublefome Times that followed his 
 Father's Death, and was one of his Ma- 
 jefty's Privy Council ; for which great 
 Services and other his Merits, he was rai- 
 fed to an higher Degree of Honour, and 
 was created Marquefs of Dorchejler. He 
 had his principal Seat in this Place, and 
 died without Iflue Male, and his Mar- 
 quifate ceafed with him, but his other Ho- 
 nours dcfcended to his Brother's Sons fuc- 
 ceflively. 
 
 Robert and William, who were Earls of 
 Kingjlon, but died without Iflue, and 
 
 Evelyn Pierpoint, fo called from- Sir John 
 "Evelyn of Dene in Wtltjlrire, whofe Daugh- 
 ter and Coheir, named Elizabeth, was his 
 Mother. He hath, fmce his Brother's 
 Deceafe, been created Marquefs of Dor* 
 chejler, and Duke of Kingjlon, by his pre- 
 fent Majefty King George. The Right 
 Honourable Evelyn Duke of Kingjlon is the 
 prefent Lord of this Manor of Holm- 
 Pierpoint, and Pofleffor of the noble Man- 
 flon there, which is ftill much the fame 
 as it was left by Sir Henry Pierpoint to 'his 
 Poftcrity, fave that Robert Earl of King- 
 jlon , the firft Perfon of that Dignity 
 in the Family, added the high Buildings, 
 and Marquefs Henry built the Stables, and 
 nrade the Gardens, Bowling-Green, and 
 other Ornaments and Offices to it. 
 
 In the Church of this Town, Holnt- 
 Pierpoint, there are many ftately Monu- 
 ments for the Defunft of this noble Fami- 
 ly, viz. In the South Ifle , and in 
 the South Side and North Side of the 
 Choir, over the Vault, which is the molt 
 remarkable, being for the Lady Gertrude 
 Countefs of Kingjton, who was the Lady 
 of Robert the firft Earl of Kingjlon above 
 mentioned. In the Infcription upon it 
 fhe is ftilcd, Tie mojt Illuftriom Prinrefs 
 Gertrude. How fhe acquired that Title 
 we can't learn from Dr. Thoroton ; for fhe 
 was an Earl's Wife only, and the Daugh- 
 ter and Coheir of Mr. Henry Talbot, third 
 Son to George Earl of Shrewsbury ', and 
 therefore we muft fuppofe it was Height 
 of Veneration and Refpcft in the Perfon 
 that made or fet on the Infcription, and 
 not her juft Title, that ftiled her a Prin- 
 ccfs. On the South Side of this. Church 
 
 there 
 
 1-0
 
 NO 
 
 there is allb a magnificent Monument 
 over the Corpfe of Sir Henry Pierpoint, 
 Earl Robert's Father. The River Trent is 
 the Weftern Boundary of this Parifh. 
 
 The Church of this Parifh is a Refto- 
 ry, and is, as it hath a long Time been, 
 in the Patronage of the noble Family of 
 the Pierpoints, the Duke of KingJIon being 
 the prefent Patron. It is valued in the 
 King's Books at i 5 /. 1 7 s. 6 d. In the 
 Windows are many Arms of the Pier- 
 
 Kinalton, in Domefday-Book, Chlntlton, 
 which hath two Alanors, the one of Wal- 
 ter Dalnccurts, the other of the Taynes-Fee, 
 of which before the Conqueft one Azor 
 was Tenant. Newbold was once a con- 
 liderable Place, and adjoined to this Pa- 
 rifh ; but now 'tis well nigh loft between 
 this Lordlhip and Colflon-BaJfet. Paganus 
 de Vilers was Lord of this Town in King 
 Henry the Second's Reign ; and from him 
 it parted by Marriage to Sir Godfrey Fol- 
 jamb, of whofe Pofterity Sir Gervafe Clif- 
 'ton purchafed it, and is now, or late was, 
 Lord of the whole Town. 
 
 The Re&ory here was given by Paga- 
 titts de Vilers to Roger Archbifhop of York, 
 and his Succeffors, for the Maintaining 
 of Hofpitality in the Reign of KingHew- 
 ry II. and ftill remains appropriate to that 
 See ; but the Family of Cliftons have it 
 by Leafe. The Vicarage hath Epifcopal 
 JurifdiGion in the Parifh, and is valued 
 in the King's Books at 7 /. 18 j. n d. i. 
 There is a Chapel called Neivbolt-Chapel, 
 (landing in the Aliddle of the Town, 
 which was annexed to the Parochial 
 Church for fome facred Offices, by Wal- 
 ter Grey Archbifhop of York, in the Be- 
 ginning of the Reign of King Henry III., 
 which has proved fatal to the Mother 
 Church, becaufe it ftands at a little Di- 
 ftance from the Town, near the Fofle, 
 for the Parifhioners very feldom refort 
 to it, which has happened to many other 
 Churches. 
 
 Kirkjton, a Village, remarkable only (fo 
 far as we have yet found) for giving a 
 Name to the Family that were of old the 
 Lords of it, the Kirkjtons. From them by 
 Marriage it pafled to the Leeks, and by 
 them to the Wlalle^s, their Descendants. 
 
 The laft Family had their Seat here, 
 called Kirkffon-ha//. Of this Family was 
 Alajor General Edward Whalley, a Perfon 
 famous in the late Civil Wars, in atting 
 againft the King, as a principal Officer in 
 the Parliament Forces. He was related to 
 Oliver ("rom-weli, and in his Interefts all along. 
 
 In the Chancel of this Church is a fair 
 Alabafter Tomb for Rhkard Wbattey Efq; 
 Avho died in the Reign of Queen Eli- 
 Zabetb. ' 
 
 Kneveton, or Kneton, a Manor belong- 
 ing in Part to a Saxon, named Elf, be- 
 fore the Conqueft ; and the other Parts 
 were the Fftate of two other Saxons, na- 
 med Ulfviah and Ul-viel. Alan Earl of 
 Richmond procured a Grant of the Con- 
 queror of Elfi s and Wfoiah's Part, and 
 Wviel's Part was given to Roger de Bujley. 
 Both thefe Alanors were never in the 
 Poffeffion of any one Lord ; but the molt 
 confiderable Owners in the Parifh of late 
 Years hath been the Family of the Mcli- 
 neux's ; for in the Reign of King Charles 
 II. Sir Francis Molineux repaired, and 
 new built the Seat of the Family here, 
 and made it the Place of his Refidence. 
 
 The Patronage of this Church was given 
 in the Reign of King Henry III. by Robert 
 de Kniveton, called before de Bingbam, to 
 the Abbey of Walbeck, which held it till 
 the DilTolution, when it was granted, 
 with the Lands and Tenements in this 
 Purifh belonging to the laid Abbey, to 
 Ed-ward Fynes, Lord Clinton and Say, and 
 Robert Tirwbite, to be held by them and 
 their Heirs in Capite of the King. Sir 
 Francis Mdlneux is Patron of the Vicarage, 
 which is now valued in the King's Books 
 at 4 /. 9 s. 4 d. i. 
 
 Lambcote, the Alap calls it Lornhcote, a 
 Village, of which there is fo little re- 
 maining, that it is not worth men- 
 tioning, unlefs it be to keep the Name 
 as well as the Place from perifhing. Be- 
 fore the Conqueft there were three Ma- 
 nors ia this Place, two held by Frane and 
 Odincar, which the Conqueror gave to Roger 
 Bufll ; a third held by Ul^bet, given to Ralph 
 de Burun, bciides the Tain Land held by 
 the laid Ulcket, which had for fome Ages 
 diltinct Lords, but now they are fwal- 
 lowed up in the Lordfbips of Radcltff up- 
 
 C OB
 
 N f T I N G HA M S H I R E. 
 
 5 
 
 on Trent and Holm ; yet fome Clofes bear 
 the Name. 
 
 Langar, a Manor, -which has always 
 been united with thofe of St. Aubery and 
 Barnejtori, as may be feen (n thofe Places 
 above. From Gcdrlc the Saxon they patted 
 by the Ptverells and Rodes to the Tibitots, 
 who held it divers Succeflions, and Robert 
 Tibetot procured a Charter of Free-War- 
 ren in his demefn Lands here and at 
 Barnfon ; r but the laft of this Family, Ro- 
 bert LordTiptot, leaving only three Daugh- 
 ters for his Heirs, of which Margaret the 
 eldeft marrying Roger Lord Scroop, of 
 Bclton brought this Manor and Seat into 
 the Family of the Scroopts, in which it con- 
 tinued till Immanuel Lord Scroop, who 
 was created Earl of Sunderland by King 
 Charles I. having no legitimate Iflue of 
 his own, fettled his Eftate upon his natu- 
 ral Daughters, of which this Alanor came 
 upon the DivifioA to Arabella, the young- 
 eft, who married J-obn How, fecond Son 
 to Sir J-ohn How of Compton in Gloucejler- 
 Jhire, and fo brought this Manor into 
 that Name. By this his Wife Mr. 
 How had Scroop, Juhn, and feveral other 
 Sons ; and being a Perfon whofc Ser- 
 vices were acceptable at Court in the 
 Reign of King Charles the Second, that 
 .Prince by his Letters, regifter'd in the 
 Office of Arms, did, in Confideration of 
 rhofe Services, grant and ordain, that 
 the Lady Annabella fnould be had, taken, 
 and efteemed as the legitimate Daughter 
 of an Earl, and might ufe r enjoy, and 
 have the Stile, Title, and Degree, with 
 Precedency accordingly, in as full and 
 ample a Manner, as if me had been the 
 legitimate Daughter of Inimanuel late 
 Earl of Sttnderlind ; after which- fhe was 
 filled the Right Honourable the L'ady 
 Atmabettct. Some Years after King Wil- 
 liam III. created her eldeft Son, Sir Scroop 
 How, Vifcount -- in the Kingdom. 
 
 ^ 
 
 of Ireland ; and her fecond Son, 
 flow Efq; who had been a leading Man 
 
 -.rlfament, was made, in the 11 
 of Queen ANNE, Pay-mafter to her 
 Guards and Garrifons, and her third Son 
 Emmanuel Hw Efq; was fcnt by the fai'd 
 Queen her Majefty's Envoy Extraordi- 
 Tfnry to the moft ferene Prince the Elt&or 
 af ' P>,-nrfwick and Lttr.enburt>e, fincfcr bc- 
 our prefcnt 'King by her Death* 
 
 Mr. How, the Father of thefe Gefitfe- 
 men, imparked feveral Fields about his 
 Manor-houfe here, and well ftorcd them 
 with Deer. He aifo made a Vault in the 
 South Ifle of the Body of the Church, to 
 be a Burial- Place for his Family, arched 
 over with Brick. TheHoufe and Church al- 
 moft join together; and the Front of the for- 
 mer is towards the South, and the Advowfon 
 of the Church being annexed to the Manor, 
 while the Tibetots or Tiptots had it, we fup- 
 pole has gone with it all along, for the Hows 
 are ftill Patrons. In the Church there 
 are feveral good Monuments for the Scroops 
 and Chawortbs, viz.. In the North Choir 
 for Thomas Lord Scrope, the Father of 
 Immanuel Earl of Sunderlar.d and his Lady; 
 and againft the North Wall in the Crois- 
 Ifle, which belongs to the Honourable 
 Family of the Chawortbs, there is a very 
 handfome Tomb over the Wall for Sir 
 J-ohn Chaworth, who died in the Reign of 
 Queen Mary I. and another for George 
 Chaworth Efq; his Son, as alfo for Henry 
 Flcwer Gent, and Thomas his Son and 
 Heir, by Katharine Daughter of George 
 Cbaworth Efq; And now we fliould con- 
 clude our Account of this Place, but 
 that we muft not forget one Thing per- 
 haps relating to it as memorable as any 
 Thing yet related, viz. That when King 
 John marched againft his Barons, con- 
 federated with the Dauphin of France in 
 the Year 12.16 to depofe him, he lodged 
 in this Town. 
 
 Newton, or Newenton, after the Con- 
 queft, was the Fee of Go'tsfnd de Halfelin, 
 and was after parted among his nine 
 Sokmcn, from whom by Length of 
 Time it came into the Family of Stan- 
 hcpe, and the "Earl of Chefterfield enjoys it, 
 dtnerwifc it is a Place of no Note, either 
 for its Lords or any Thing elfe, fave that 
 Part of it belonging to the Duke of New- 
 cnjih in the Tiroes of the Civil Wars, he, 
 being engaged in the Defence' of his Roy- 
 al Mafter. .was forced to put it into the 
 H\ind of certain Tmftecs, who, being 
 by fome Means difcovered, were dif- 
 macea in the Time of Oliver CromweH's 
 Ufurpation, and the Eftate was fold to 
 one Mr. Clarke. About a j.th Part of the 
 Trtfifes, 'viz. growing upon the Lands in 
 that Parifh, called and ftill known by the 
 Name of Bingh.tm-Fee', bclongeth to the-
 
 NO f T'ING HAM SHIR E. 
 
 bordering 
 
 51 
 
 Rectory of Bingbam. The Earl of Cbe- 
 jlerfeld hath the reft. 
 
 Orjlon, a Village, where King Edward 
 the Confeflbr, and afterward King William 
 the Norman had a Manor. It continued 
 in the Crown till King Richard}., granted 
 it to William de Albir.i Lord of Belvoir, 
 who gave it with Ifabel his Daughter -to 
 Robert Lord Roos or Ros of Hem lake in 
 Yorkfiire. Ifabel fiirvix r ed him, and ob- 
 tained 29 Edw. I. a Grant of Free-War- 
 ren in this her Manor of Orjton. After 
 her Death this Manor continued feveral 
 Succeflions in the Family ; but at length 
 Thomas Lord Ros, fiding with the Lan- 
 cajlrians, after their Caufe was loft in Teu- 
 ton-Field, his Eftate was confifcated ; but 
 Pbilippa his Mother found fo much Fa- 
 vour, by Means of a former Grant, to 
 keep this and fome Parts of his Eftate 
 for her Life. After her Deceafe John 
 Tiptot Earl of Worcefler, having married 
 Philippa the Sifter of Thomas Lord Ros, 
 obtained it for fome Time, and then it 
 came to the Family of the Maners, Sir 
 Robert Matters having married Eleanor, an- 
 other of his Sifters, and in that Family, 
 now Dukes of Rutland, we fuppofe it con- 
 tinues. 
 
 The Church, with all its Appurtenan- 
 ces, was given by King William Rufus to 
 the Church of St. Mary at Lincoln, Robert 
 then Bifhop, and all his Succeflbrs, in 
 perpetual Pofleflion ; and the Dean and 
 Chapter of that Cathedral ftill have, as 
 of ancient Times they had, the whole 
 Reftory of this Town, which was con- 
 firmed to them by the Owner of the Lord- 
 fhip, William de Albini the Firft. Mr. 
 John Kercheval and his Anccftors have 
 held the Tithes all along. The Vicarage 
 is in the Patronage of the Dean and 
 Chapter of Lincoln, and is valued in the 
 King's Books at 12 /. 4 /. 7 A. but upon 
 an Addrefs made to the Deans and Chap- 
 ters in behalf of the Vicars, the capitu- 
 lar Body of this Church, upon Renewal 
 of their Lcafe of the Parfonage here, 
 rhade an annual Addition of 15 /. to the 
 Vicarage for ever out of it. In the Church 
 here is a Monument for Mr. John Kerche- 
 vxll, the Son of Mr. Hugh Kercbeval, who 
 Apr;? 9 Anno 1597-' 
 
 In the South-Eaft Corner of this Wa- 
 
 upon 
 
 pen take, 
 ftands 
 
 Over-broughton, Ib called in Opposition 
 to Nether- broughton, where in the Saxon 
 Times Earl Algar had a Manor, which 
 the Conqueror, upon his Settlement here 
 gave to Garbod Earl of Chefter, from whom 
 it fell, after fome Defcents, to AMany 
 Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury, who fold 
 or gave it to Alured de SuUer.y, or Sulney* 
 from whofe Pofterity it came to^the Clif- 
 tons in King Henry the Third's Time. This 
 Family held it till Sir Gervxfe Clifton (who 
 was dcfcended of the Family of that 
 Name, who had their Seat at Clifton in 
 the County, where fee more of that Fa- 
 mily) was perfwaded to fell it, which he 
 often repented of, becaufe it had been fo 
 long in the Pofleflion of his Family ; but 
 the Advowfon of the Church ftill remain* 
 in his Pofterity. The Town is common- 
 ly called Brougbton-Sulney, which Family 
 were Lords of it before the Cliftons, to 
 diftinguifli it from Nether-Brongbton, which, 
 tho' it joins to it, is in Leicefterfiire. 
 North \\eit of this Village is 
 
 Outhorp, or Obetborp, as it was written 
 in ancient Records, and Ouetborp, a Ma- 
 nor, of which Tocbi a powerful Saxon was 
 Lord (as he was alfo of Sbelford, and ma- 
 ny other Towns in this County) before 
 the Conqueft; but all the Saxon Nation. 
 being overpower 'd by the Conqueror, he 
 gave Part of it to Roger de Bui/ley, but the 
 Manor, with molt of Tocbi's other Lands, 
 he gave to Goisfrid Hanfelin, or Alfelin, who 
 made Shelford his Seat. William, Roger de 
 Bujley's Tenant here, left his Eftate to his 
 Pofterity, who ftiled themfclves after- 
 wards -He Outborp, the laft of them was Jo- 
 annes de Outborp in KingEdward the Third's 
 Reign. The Hatcbinfons came into their 
 Manor here by Purchafe ; and after a Time 
 Sir Thomas Hutchinf^n became the Pro- 
 prietor of the intire Manor, and bought 
 the impropriate Reftory. His Son Join 
 Hittcbinfon Efq; built the Manfion-houfe, 
 which his Brother Cbarlgs bought of his 
 Widow, and made it the Place of his 
 Residence. Sir Thomas was High Sheriff 
 of this County in the i8th Year of King 
 James I. 
 
 The old Church here w s pretty large, 
 
 a* was.alfo the Chancel, aj.d-bsth of them 
 
 G z were
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 were covered with Lead ; but being fallen 
 into Decay and ruinous, it was pulled 
 down by Col. John Hutchinfon, who built 
 the pretent Church to the North Wall of 
 the Chancel, and made a Vault under it, 
 to bury thole of his Family in, who died' 
 in or near the Town. He was very much 
 concerned in the late Civil Wars, and 
 very aftive on the Parliament-fide, nor 
 would by any Perfwafion or Advantage 
 be brought over to the King's Party ; for 
 being made Governor of Nottingham Caftle 
 the Earl of NesvcaJHe offered to give him 
 ten Thoufand Pounds, and make him a 
 Lord and Governor of the fame Caftle, to 
 him and his Heirs forever, if he would 
 deliver it to him for the King , but he 
 refufcd, and acquainted the Parliament 
 with the Propofals. After this he grew 
 more a&Jve in the fame Service, for 
 meeting with a Party of the King's Gar- 
 rifon at Newark, he flew Captain Tkimble- 
 ly, and took twenty Gentlemen and Offi- 
 cers, fixty Horfe and fifty Foot, for which 
 and other Services he was made one of 
 the Council of State in the Years 1648 
 and 1649. He -fat as one of the King's 
 Judges, and in Oliver's Prote&orfhip com- 
 manded a Regiment. Things going on 
 thus profperoufly, he rather increafed 
 than leflened his Eftate ; but when the 
 Tide turned, and the Confufions brought 
 upon the Nation forced the People of all 
 Sorts to call for their King, and the Con- 
 rention then met reftored King Charles II. 
 to his Throne, he was reputed among the 
 Hegicides ; but not being fo a&ive and 
 forward as many others, fome of whom 
 were executed, he was condemned only 
 to perpetual Imprifonment in Deal Caftle 
 in Kent, where he died, and his Body be- 
 ing brought from thence was buried in 
 the Vault of this Church. 
 
 The Patronage of the Church here was 
 in Roger fa Buifli and Go'ufrld HwfeUn al- 
 ternately, till John de Outkcrp gave his 
 Moiety to the Priory of Tburfarton. He 
 inherited Roger de Bttijly's Part, and his 
 Poftcrhy confirmed his Gifts. Some Years 
 after Sir Robert Vilers Kf. gave all his De- 
 inefne and the Moiety of the Church to 
 to the fame Monaftery, on Condition that 
 the Priory fhould find one of their own 
 Canons, or a fecular Chaplain, to cele- 
 
 brate Mafs in the Church of Qttthorp for 
 his own, his Wife's, Anceftors, and Heirs 
 Souls. The Value of the Whole then was 
 23 /. 4 i. 
 
 Ratdiffe, called for DiftinHon Ratdiffe 
 upon Trent, as the other Ratdiffe in Ruf- 
 cliffe Wapentake is called Ratdiffe upon 
 Sore, as is faid above. This Manor be- 
 fore the Conqueft was held by Fredeghis 
 the Saxon, who was forced to turn Tenant 
 to William de Peverel, after the Norman 
 had got PofTeflion, and given it him. 
 The Peverels held it for fome Time, but 
 at length it was forfeited to the King for 
 male Practices, and we fuppofe this Ma- 
 nor was given by him to the Family of 
 Greys of Codnovre, of whom we find jFobrt 
 Lord Grey of Codnovre poflefled of it the 
 5<5th of Henry III. as alfo Henry Lord Grey 
 in the Reign of King Henry VI. whofe 
 Son Henry leaving no lawful IfTue be- 
 queathed it to his Bartard Son, Richard 
 Grey, and the Heirs of his Body, the 
 nth of Henry VII, who enjoyed this Manor, 
 till Thomas Grey Efq; was perfwaded to- 
 part with it by Archbifhop Cranmer upon 
 this Occafion. The Archbifhop having a 
 Defire to fettle this Manor in his Fami - 
 ly, prevailed with Mr. Grey, who had no 
 Heirs of his Body, to convey the Manor of 
 Woodhall in this Place by Fine to the 
 King, who Was to reconvey it to the 
 Archbifliop, that he might fettle it upon 
 Harold Rofell Efq; a near Kinfman of Mr. 
 Grey's, who had married the Archbifhop's. 
 Sifter, and whofe Grandfon and Heir had 
 married JWary the Daughter of Thomas 
 Cranmer Efq; Son of John Cranmer Efq; 
 the Archbifhop's elder Brother, by Means 
 of which Settlement this Manor was late- 
 ly in the Poflefllon of Thomas Rofell Efq; 
 Son of Gervafe, Son of George RofeU, the 
 Son of John RofeU Efq; and Mary Cranmer.. 
 
 Thefe Rofells, or Rofello's, came poflef- 
 fed of their Eftate here by their Inter- 
 marriage with the Heirefs of the Bajlly's 
 in King Richard the Second's Time, when 
 they removed from Cotgrave hither. They 
 derive their Original from Robert de Ro- 
 fello, whofe Family is almoit as old as the 
 Conqueft. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Church, and Pre- 
 fcnration to the Vicarage, belonged an- 
 ciently
 
 NOT f ING HA MS HIRE. 5; 
 
 intermediate Owners, as Whatton, Knive" 
 ton, Rfinpfton, and Stapleton, to Thoma* 
 Shipman, 9 Eliz.- whole Descendant is the. 
 prefent Lord. 
 
 The Tithes of this Village are Part of the 
 Retory of Orjlon, and held by Thomat Por- 
 ter of Btythe, to whofe Father Mr. Kerche- 
 val fold it. The Perfon who now occupies 
 them is Thomas Jallxnd, or Chahn, 
 
 Screveton, Screvinfon, or Efcreyintun, now 
 commonly called Screiton, a Manor, an- 
 ciently belonging to the Family of the 
 
 Saxendale, or Saxeden, a Manor held of Bofouns, of whom John de Bofoun was one 
 the Honour of Tykbill, where is a Court of the Knights of this Shiie to ferve in 
 kept, to which moft of the Tenants of Parliament in the thirty-firft Year of 
 that Honour are obliged to refort. The King Edward III. and William Bofon was 
 Lordfhip here belongs to the Family of one of the Commiflioners appointed to. 
 the Stanhopes, Earls of Chefterfield, who adminifter the Oaths to King Henry VI, 
 have lately inclofed it, but whether for Reg. 12. From this Family in later Ages 
 the better we hear not. Sir Michael Stan- it went to the Wballeys, either by PIK- 
 hope Kt. when he obtained the Manor of chafe or Marriage, of whom, Penijion Wlia'.- 
 Shelford, Part of the Pofleffions of the dif- ley Efq; fold it to Thomas Tboroton+ Cit:'- 
 
 cicntly to the Monaftery of Tlurgarton, 
 and was demifed^ by Queen Elizabeth to 
 Sir John Zouch, at 20 /. per an. but after- 
 ward was granted by the faid Queen 
 to Michael Stanhope Efq; and his Heirs, 
 and continueth ftill in the fame Family, 
 the prefent Earl of Ckejlerfeld having the 
 Retory, and being Patron of the Vica- 
 rage, which is valued in the King's Books 
 at 4 /. 12, s. 6 d. In the Church are many 
 Arms of Stretteys, Rofells, Bajilfs, Dein- 
 courts, and Greys 
 
 fblved Monaftery of that Place, 3 1 Hen, 
 VIII. got alfo the Re&ory of this Parifli 
 of Saxendale, which he treats as an Ham- 
 let of Shelford, and not a Parifli by it felf. 
 The Parifli Church was pulled down 
 by the Family of the Stanhopes, under a 
 
 Pretence, that it was only a Chapel of Seller. 
 
 xen of London, whofe Son Thomas Thoroton 
 Efq; Recorder of Lincoln, and elder "Bro- 
 ther of Dr. Thoroton, who wrote the Hifto- 
 ry of this County, has now the Pofleflioii 
 of it, as alfo the Advowfon of the Retory, 
 except the next Turn rcferved to the 
 
 Eafe to Shelford, which is not Ib great an 
 Inconvenience to this Place, becaufe 
 there are but few Inhabitants in it. The 
 People here in digging Pits do fomctimes 
 take up Stone Coffins, which they make 
 ufe of for Troughs for their Swine to feed 
 in ; but whether in the Place where the 
 Church flood or no, we can't refolve. 
 They arc probably Signs of lome great 
 Mcns Burials in them, either Romans or 
 Saxons- 
 
 In the Chancel of Screvston is a very 
 ftately Monument of Alabafter for Ri- 
 chard Wballey Elq; a Man of eminent. 
 Note in his Time, one of the Challci.- 
 gers at Tournament in the Time of King 
 Henry VIII. fpoken of alfo in the Manu- 
 fcript Memoirs of King Edward VI. as a 
 trnfty Friend and Kinfman of the good 
 Duke of Somerfet , then Lord ProteQor of 
 the Realm, for whofe Sake he fulfered 
 much by Imprifonment, paid a large 
 Compofition to Queen A4-*ry T. and con- 
 
 Scarrington, the Seat and Eftate anci- 
 ently of the Family of Shipmans, from tra&ed Debts, amounting to the Sum of 
 whom by Marriage it came to the Fami- 488615 /. 13 /. 4 d. which he difcharged 
 ly of Armftrongs. if we conjecture aright, in the firft Year of Queen Elizabeth, by 
 this is the Manor which in ancient Wri- felling his fair Seat the noble Manor of 
 tings is called ScidringtHne; and iffo, it 
 \vas given by the Conqueror to Gohfrid 
 Alfelin, and after a fhort Stay in his Fa- 
 mily pafled, either by Marriage or Pur- 
 chafe, to the Lords Bardolf, whofe Eftatc, 
 after fome Continuance, was, for Want 
 of Male Iffue, divided among Female 
 
 Heirs, and fo went into the Families of 
 Greyt, Poir.tz, Paganel, and Foliot, from 
 one of which Families it paffed, by fonxe 
 
 Welbeck. 
 
 Over 'his Head, at a little Diftance, 
 ftands a Coronet, in grateful Memory of 
 the Patent defigned by King Edivard VI, 
 to create him Earl of Nottingham, for 
 which Reafon Dr. Tlwroton in his Hiftorf 
 calls him, The Patentee. 
 
 The Tithes of this. Parifli were ancienr- 
 ly divided into three Parts, one of them. 
 was givea to the Church of Uwoln* as 
 
 Part
 
 54 
 
 NO T TING HA M S H I RE. 
 
 Part of the Rectory of Orflon, another to 
 the Priory of Workfop with ColeJ}o)ij and 
 the third was left to the Church. The 
 Advowfon of the Vicarage was, after fome 
 Conteft fettled upon the Abbot of Wal- 
 leck and Ingelran de Screveton, to prefent by 
 Turns. Bur Mr. WhaJley having pur- 
 cfhafcd the Manor obtained the Adyow- 
 fon of the Vicarage, and Portion of Tithes 
 thereunto belonging, and to Wotbeck. It 
 is valued in the King's Books at 6 /. 19 J. 
 Z d. and Mr. Penijlcn Wljalley is Patron. _ 
 
 Shelford, or, as it is called in old Wri- 
 tings, Scelford. This Manor, before the 
 Ncrrnans Entrance, belonged almoft in- 
 tirely to the powerful Saxon, Tochi, as is 
 above mentioned ; but when the Norman 
 Government was fettled, it was given to 
 Goisfrid Hanj'elyn, with fevcral other Ma- 
 nors in this County, and more in other. 
 Goisfrid out of them ail made choice of 
 this Place (which being above half in- 
 vironed with the circling Streams of the 
 River Trent makes it exceeding plcafant 
 and Commodious) for the Head or Capital 
 Seat of his Barony. Ralph Havfelin, the 
 Son of Gcisfridy founded a Priory for Ca- 
 nons Regular of St.. Auguftlne here in the 
 Reign of King Stephen, who granted the 
 Monks of it an Immunity from Toll. 
 Here was a Lordlhip alfo held by the Fa- 
 mily of CMS, almoft Cotemporary with 
 the Hanfelins. They had their Seat in 
 this Shire, and Robert de Cauz, in the 
 twelfth Year of King Henry II. was For- 
 rcftcr of Nottingham and Darby Shires by 
 Inheritance. The Eftate of the tatter 
 defcended to the Everinghams, and the 
 former to the Bardolf s y in which Family 
 while it remained we have this Account 
 of if. 
 
 In the 38th of King Henry III. William 
 the lecond Lord Bardotf obtained a Char- 
 ter for Free-Warren throughout all the 
 Lor'dfhips and Lands hepoflcflcd, of which 
 this Lordfhip was a principal one. In the 
 3 id of King Edzv. I. Hugh Lord Bardolf 
 died poflefled of the Barony of Shelford, 
 \\ich divers Hamlets thereunto belong- 
 Sng, and left it to his Sou and Heir, then 
 Lord Bardolf, who dying in the 3d Year of 
 King Edward III. 'was buried in the Pri- 
 ory of this Tovs n, leaving his Eft;U6 to 
 
 John Bardolf his Son and Heir, of whom 
 'tis faid, that at his Death, which hap- 
 pened Aug. 3. 45 Ed-ju. TIT. he was fciy.ed 
 of the Barony of Shelf ord and Stoke-Bar- 
 dolf, which was a Parcel of that Barony, 
 and twenty-nine Knights I ees belonging 
 to the Court of Shelford, bcfides Okebrooke 
 in Darbyfoire, which was a Parcel of the 
 Barony of Shslford. His Son Thomas Lord 
 Bardolf, joining with the Earls of Nor- 
 thumberland and Nottingham in their Re- 
 bellion againft King Henry IV. was (lain 
 in the Battle of Hajleivood in Yorkfiire, and 
 being attainted his Ellate was leized by 
 the King, and this Manor with its Ap- 
 purtenances given to the Queen ; how- 
 beit, upon the humble Petition of Anns 
 and Joan, the Daughters of the faid Tho- 
 mas, as the Heirs of Ralph Hanfelln, for 
 this Manor, as fettled upon their Grand- 
 father Robert by the King's Letters Pa- 
 tent, they obtained the Reverfion of it 
 after the Queen's Death ; and Anne being 
 married to Sir William Clifford, and Joan 
 to William Phelip, this Barony upon the 
 Divifion fell to Joan, and thereby Wil- 
 liam Phelip became Lord Bardolf, He had 
 no Heirs Male by the faid Joan, and 
 thereupon, having married his only Daugh- 
 ter and Heir to John Vifcount Beaumont, 
 he left this Manor and the reft of his E- 
 ftatc with the Honour to Henry their eld- 
 eft Son and Heir. Joan furvived her 
 Husband, and had the Moiety of this 
 Manor of Shelford, for her Dower, and at 
 her Death left William Son of Elizabeth 
 her Daughter (Henry being dead before) 
 her Heir. 
 
 William Lord Be.iumont, being now Lord 
 Bardolf alfb by his Alother's Title, was 
 fcarcely fettled in his Inheritance but he 
 was deprived of it ; for he adhering firm- 
 ly to the Lancajlrian In tore ft (as his An- 
 ceftors had done) partook of the hard 
 Fate of that Family, and being taken 
 Prifoner at Towton-Field, I Ediv. IV. was 
 in the Parliament prefently aflembled at- 
 tainted, and his Eftate was fcized into 
 that King's Hands, who, in Confidcration 
 of the many and great Services done him 
 by John Nevil Marqucis Monntague, lately 
 created Earl of Northumberland, made him 
 a Grant of this Manor of Shelford and
 
 NO T? ING II A M S HIRE. 
 
 Stoke-Bctrdclf ; but he held them not long, 
 for the King difobliging him by conftrain- 
 ing him to refign his Patent for the Earl- 
 dom of Northumberland, he left the King's 
 Intereft, and went over to his Brother 
 Richard Earl of Warwick, who was labour- 
 ing to let np King Henry VI. upon his 
 Throne, and he and his Brother were 
 both fltiin in Barnet-Field, and his Eftate 
 v,as feiz.ed upon for the King's Ufe. Wll- 
 itam Vifcount Beaumont was alive ftill in 
 Scotland, and 14 Edw. IV. aflifted the Earl 
 of Oxford in keeping St. Michael's Mount 
 in Cornwall ; but the Earl being defeated, 
 he was forced to provide for himfelf by 
 Flight, and lurk in foreign Parts till the 
 Reign of King Henry VII. who reftored 
 the Lancastrian Party, which had been 
 long depreflcd, and among others fettled 
 this William Lord Beaumont in his Honour 
 and Eftate, in which he lived twenty-four 
 Years, and at length died without Iflue, 
 24 Hen. VII. 
 
 During this long Succefllon of the Lords 
 of this Manor moft of it was gotten into 
 the Pofleflion of the Church, being given 
 much of it to the Priory here, and fome 
 to other religious Places, which at the 
 Diflblution of the Abbies brought it in- 
 to King Henry the Eighth's Difpofal, 
 who granted it to Sir Michael Stanhope, 
 fecond Son of Sir Edward Stanhope of 
 Rampton in this County, who was at that 
 Time Governor of Hull for that King, 
 and chief Gentleman of the Privy Cham- 
 ber. His Son Thomas fucceeded him in 
 his Eftate, and lefc John for his Heir, 
 who was Treafurer of the Chamber to 
 Queen Ellwleth for Life, and being-' 
 knighted, 42 Eliz. was made Gonftable of 
 the Caftle of Cohhejler, by which Offices 
 the Ertate of this Family was not only 
 greatly increafed, but a Way v/as- made 
 for attaining an higher Dignity, which 
 fell upon Philip his Son and Heir, who, 
 by Letters Patent bearing Dare 'Nov. 7. 
 i^fac. I. 1616, was raifbd to the Dignity 
 of a Baron, by the 'Stile, and Title of 
 Lord Stanl-cpe of She i ford, and further 
 created an Earl, 4 Car. T. 1629, by 
 the Name of the Earl of Ckepcrf^ld. He 
 happened to fill into trcublclbme. Times, 
 when obfett-itts; thcr tnrnuiraous : -Mob a- 
 i-out the Parliament,, he urgcdy tk 
 
 Courfe fhould for Shame be taken to fup- 
 prefs thole Tumults, but was anfwcred, 
 God forbid that ive foould d'ifoearten our Friends, 
 whereupon he was impnibned, and kept 
 in Reftraint during the War between the 
 King and Parliament. But tho' he could 
 not amft his Majcfty in Perfon, he did it 
 partly in Money, and partly by his Lady, 
 who made Colle&ions by getting Money, 
 Arms, Ammunition, and Soldiers for him 
 in Holland, partly by his Children, his 
 eldeft Son Philip being made a Colonel 
 by the King, kept his Houle at Shelfcrd, a 
 Garrifon for the King, which being taken 
 by Storm, he and moft of the Garrifo!* 
 .were flain, and the Buildings being fet on 
 Fire were left in Ruins and Rubbifh, 
 and about the fame Time another of his 
 Sons, Ferdinando Stanhope, was Ham at 
 Bridgford. The old Earl was at length: 
 releafed from Prifon, and allowed to live 
 in his Houfe, i.e. fome Part of it, that- 
 remained from the Storm and Fire, pro- 
 vided x he would not receix r e any of the 
 Loyal Party, nor have the Common- 
 Prayer read in his Houlb ; but he was 
 forced to compound for his Eftate, before- 
 he could recover it from the Sequcftra- 
 tion^ He died Decem'a. 12. 1656. His 
 Grandfon Philip, the Son of his fourth: 
 Son Henry, fucceeded him in his Eftate 
 and Honour, and is the prefent Earl of 
 Chejlerfeld, but verjf ancient. 
 
 In the Church of Shelfcrd lie buried Sir 
 Michael Stanhope and his Lady Anne, Daugh- 
 ter of Nicholas Rawfon of Aueley in the 
 County of E/ex, and near her Beatrix 
 R.t<wfon her Mother, who died Jan. 14. 
 1554. Katharine Lady Stanlwpe alfo the ; 
 firft Wife of the firlt Earl of Chejierftld 
 is interred under a new Tomb. in the" 
 Chancel. Katharine alfo her Daughter, 
 who departed this Life in 1656, was buried 
 here alfo, but the Earl himfelf in Str 
 Giles's Church, London. 
 
 Stannfcn was originally the ancient De- 
 mefne of the Crown, but feems.to be a- 
 licnated by the Conqueror, 'and given to- 
 R-ihl } H,t7/fff : and Robert de Calz, Lord* 
 of Sbslford. Alexander -liiftiop' of Lincoln? 
 wfien he founded the Priory 1 of Haver- 
 hdni, gave Part of this Place to it, and 
 to the Lord* for it. The .
 
 NO > T'r ING HAM S HIRE. 
 
 Tithes with the Re&ory of Orftcr, belong 
 to fhe Churcfh of Lincoln, and the Dean 
 and Chapter find a Curate to officiate in 
 the Chapel, which (lands in Stannton 
 Church-yard. Harvey StatttitonlLfq; is their 
 LclTcc. 
 
 Button may deferve our Notice for 
 giving Name to the Honourable Family 
 of Siit tons, of which the Lords Lexington 
 are defcendcd. Robert Sntton, \vlio de- 
 rives his Pedigree from Rowland de Sutton 
 of this Place, being for his Fidelity and 
 ftont Afliitance given to King Charles I. 
 during the feveral Sieges of Netvarke, 
 created a Baron of this Realm, by the 
 Title of Lord Lexlnion, for what Reafon 
 will appear under the Town of Lexinton 
 in South-Clay Divifion. See more in Gran- 
 by above in this Wapentake. 
 
 Thorojon, a Village, fituate upon the 
 River Sn'tte, which empties it.felf into 
 the Trent at Newark. It was in the Saxon 
 Times called Therverton, or Torverton, and 
 by common Pronunciation is made Tko- 
 roton. The firft Lord of this Place that 
 we meet with in Hiftory took his Name 
 from it, viz, Robert de Therverton ', he 
 lived in the Reign of King Richard I. or 
 a little before, and from him Dr. Thoroton, 
 the Author of the Antiquities of this 
 County, is defcended. The Thorotons re- 
 moving from hence to Carcolfton, fold their 
 Lands here to George Barret, whofe De- 
 fcendant George Barret is the prefent Own- 
 er of them. The Tithes and Glebe* here 
 belong to the Dean and Chapter of Lin- 
 coln, as a Portion of the Rectory of O- 
 fion, and of them Dr. Thoroton held them. 
 The Church is dedicated to St. Helena the 
 Emprefs. 
 
 Ttil'by, or Tideby, whofe Manor Ulric 
 the Saxon held before the Conqucft, but 
 after it became the Fee of William Peverel, 
 of whom Fredgls held if. Hugh de Tithly 
 feems to have been Lord of it in the 
 Time of King Henry III. but after fome 
 Succeflions his Heir fold it to Sir William 
 de Hertz and Sir Richard de Wiiierton, who 
 pafied it to the Priory of Tlmrgarton, yet 
 being in the Pofleffion of the Heriz Fami- 
 ly was by Alice their Heirefs carried to 
 the Chawortbs. It is now a fmall Place, 
 but hath a good Church, for which the 
 
 Lord Chaworth finds a Chaplain, that the 
 Inhabitants of CropkiU-Butler, of whom he 
 hath the great Tithes, may refort to it for 
 fhe Wormip of God, becaufe they have no 
 Parifh. Church of their own , and fo this 
 Church is taken for theirs as well as the 
 People of Tithby. The Manor of this 
 Town is the Lord Chaworth's, and his Fa- 
 mily had a noble Seat on it ; bi.? in the 
 late Civil War between King Charles I. 
 and his Parliament it was made a Garri- 
 fon for the King, which occafioned its 
 firft Ruin, fince which it is moft of ic 
 pulled down and removed, yet the Gate- 
 houfe ftill remains, tho' uncovered, a 
 Monument of the Magnificence of this 
 Family. 
 
 Tollerion, in our Maps, Tollaton, and 
 Terleton, and in Domef day -Book, Roclavefton, 
 the Manor and Ettate of Eljl the Saxon 
 before the Norman Invafion, but was given 
 to Roger de Bujley after it. The Lords of 
 moft Note, who have anciently been 
 Owners of this Place, were the Family 
 of BarryeSi defcended from Ralph de Barry , 
 whofe Succeflors enjoyed it till the Reign 
 of King Henry VIII. or later, when Ri- 
 chard, the Son of William Pendock of Go- 
 therton in Gloucejlerjhire, married Maud the 
 only Daughter and Heir of William Barry , 
 with whofe Pofterity it ftill continues. 
 Philip Pendock Efq; who was then the 
 Owner of it, inclofed it fince the Refto- 
 ration of King Charles II. and dying a- 
 bout the Year 1675, was fucceeded in his 
 Eftate by Tfomas Pendock Efq; but befidcs 
 this Manor of Roger de Buijli, Serlo, fur- 
 named from this Place de Torlaviftune, had 
 another Manor, of which we find no other 
 Account than this, that about the Reign of 
 King Henry III. it palled to the Family of 
 Ajlofton, and that one Moiety of the Church 
 was appendant to it, but had long before 
 been given to the Priory of Lenton by the 
 forementioncd Serlo, with the Confent of 
 William de Olive the Parfo'n. 
 
 The Church is a Re&ory in the Pa- 
 tronage of Mr. Pendocke, and is valued in 
 the King's Books at 157. 9 /. ^d. ?. 
 
 Waerton, or Wiverton, a Village, fituate 
 upon the River Snite, had the fame Lords 
 as Tithby, but is now utterly depopulated, 
 and was fo when it firft fell to the late 
 
 Lord
 
 NO T? ING H4 M S HIRE. 
 
 Lord ChaJuortk. 'Tis faid, that there was 
 a Church at Waerton in ancient Times, 
 but there is nothing now to be ieen there, 
 that can give us any good Grounds to be- 
 lieve that there ever was a Church. There 
 are fome Signs that there was once a very 
 good Chapel joined to the Macor-Houfe, 
 but they are both now in Ruines, and yet 
 there are no more Houfes in the Parifli 
 than that ; fo that the Town and the 
 Church have had a like Fate, the Situ- 
 ation of neirher of them being very dif- 
 coverable. Dr. Thoroton, obferving the 
 Defblation of this Place, which it feems 
 
 of Note, -viz.> the one for Adam Ne-wrnarch, 
 Father or Son, who lived about the 
 Reign of King John. This Monument 
 ftands in the Middle of the Eaft End of 
 the South Ifle, and hath upon it thePour- 
 traiture of a Man armed with a Coat of 
 Mail, well cut in Alabafter. The Inlcrip- 
 tion is but imperfeft, but by fome Re- 
 mainders of it we may gather, that it re- 
 prefents the Perfon above mentioned, 
 tho* for what Reafon our Author fpeaks 
 of two Adam Newmarch's, Father and 
 Son, as living in the Reign of King John 9 
 we cannot imagine; for in the Pedigree 
 
 has been inclofed a long Time, makes this of the Newmarch's in Sir William Dugdale's 
 Reflexion upon it fomething feverely. Baronage we find but one Adam Netv- 
 This is tie neceffary Conference of Inclofures of march about that Time, and he the Fa- 
 tbe good Lands of thefe Parts. 
 
 IVhatton, or Watone, takes its Name 
 from its watery Situation upon the River 
 Suite, that runs clofe by it, and continues 
 often longer &11 of Water than other lar- 
 ger and fwifter Rivers do. One Wfe a 
 Saxon was Lord of this Manor before the 
 Norman Conqueft, by which he was de- 
 prived of it, and then it was given to 
 Gi/lebert de Gaunt the Conqueror's Nephew, 
 whofe Tenant, or Man to ord er and manage 
 it, was one Robert, who afterward having 
 purchafed the Fee took his Surname from 
 
 ther of Henry. The other Monument of 
 Noce is for Sir Richard Whatton, who died 
 about the Reign of King Edward I. He 
 lies buried in the Church, under a well- 
 cut Stone, on which is his Pourrrai&ure 
 with a Shield on his Arm. There i~ alfo 
 near this laft a Monument for Thorn AS 
 Cranmer Efq; who died May 27. 1501, 
 and on it the Arms of the Cranmers and 
 Ajlaftons, which is alfo in the Windows 
 with thofe of Newmarch andWhatton. The 
 Parfonage of this Town was given by 
 fbme of the ancient Lords to the Abbe/ 
 
 Reg. 1 5. granted to the Abbot and Con- 
 vent of Welbeek Free-Warren in all their 
 Demefne Lands in Whatton, Flintham, &t. 
 in this County( and fo continued to the 
 Diflblution, when King Henry VIII. Reg. 
 si. gave it in Exchange to the Archbi- 
 
 this Place, and was called de Watun, or of Welheek, (as we conje&ure the Manor 
 Whatton. Of his Pofterity the Family de was, for we find, that King Edward I. 
 Nova Mercattt) or New-march, obtained it, 
 and from them it defcended to the Gaf- 
 coigns (probably by the Nevills, for we 
 find, that Join NeviU of Althorp in Lin- 
 coh:jbire Efq; had this Manor for a Por- 
 tion with his Wife Elizabeth, the Daugh- 
 ter and Heir of Robert Newmarch, who fhop of Canterbury, Dr. Thomas Cranmer, 
 enjoyed it for her Life) in the Reign of for other Lands belonging to his See. The 
 King Henry VI.) one of which Family fold Archbiihop left it, with other Eftates, to 
 it to Sir Thomas Stanhope, Frandfather to his Nephew Thomas Cranmer, who ia//^, 
 Philip the firft Earl of Cheftsrjield, whole obtained a Licence of that Queen to a- 
 Succeflbrs have ever fmce enjoyed it. lienate this Reftory and Church with his 
 Jeffrey Archbifliop of York appropriated Right of Patronage to the Vicarage to 
 this Church of What ton to the Abbey of Nicholas Rofel&nd his Heirs, who have fmcc 
 St. James's at WaJbeck, faving always a fold the Tithes and Advowfon of the Vica- 
 Competency for the Vicar that fliould rage to Mr. Tljoma. s Shipman of Scarrlngt. n t 
 minifter, viz- a third Part. At the Dif- whofe Grandfon of the fame Name is Pa^ 
 folution of the Monaftery this Reftory tron. It is valued now in the King's Books, 
 and Vicarage was given by King Edward VI. at 5 /. 6 s. 8 </~ Thus have we finilhea 
 K>ArchbifaopWwer, as below is fhcwed. this Wapentake, and now proceed to 
 . in the Church here are two Monuments H
 
 NOT*! f ING JJA MS Hi RE. 
 
 The Wapentake of Newark. 
 
 eight Priefts ; but we muft fuppofe, that 
 the Pariflies dependant on this were in- 
 cluded ; for what Ufe could fo fmall a 
 The Wapentake of Newark is remark- Number, as fifty-fix Burgefles and forty- 
 able for irs Length, extending it felf al- two Villains, have of eight Priefts and ten 
 moft thro' all the Eaftcrn Side of the Churches, unlefs a greater Number of 
 County, where it borders upon Lincoln- People from the adjacent Parifhes were 
 and on the \Veftern oppofitePart 
 
 re 
 
 has the Rivers Suite and Trent for its 
 Boundaries, which divide it from the 
 Wapentake of Tlouygarton. On the North 
 it is alfo bounded by a Part of "Lincoln- 
 fiire, and on the South by the Wapen- 
 take of Eingham. The Fee of this Wa- 
 pentake we take to be in the Crown, and 
 the Government in the Sheriffs. It was 
 annexed anciently to the See of Lincoln, 
 but Dr. Henry Holbeck, when he was Bi- 
 fhop of Lincoln, furrendcred this Wapen- 
 tftke and the Manor of Newark to the 
 Crown in the Reign of King Edward VI. 
 as it now remains, The. chief Town, 
 from which the Wapentake takes its 
 "Name, 13 
 
 NEWARK, the Manor of this Town 
 
 to have the Ufe of them ? Whatever 
 further remarkable of this Town we (hall 
 reduce to certain Heads for Method's 
 fake, and fpeak of them all as fully as 
 we can. 
 
 i. Of the Caftle, which is faid to have 
 been built by Alexander Bifliop of Lincoln, 
 his Uncle, or, as fome think, his Father 
 Roger Bifliop of Salisbury, having given 
 him an Example of building of Caftles ; 
 (for he had built three, .viz.. at Shirburn^ 
 The Devizes, and Jd^msbury) this Bifliop 
 thought he could not do better than fol- 
 low him in beftowing his Money, and 
 thereupon built a Caftle at Newark, and 
 another at Sleford. Henry of Huntingtox 
 tells us, that the Town took its Name 
 
 from the Building of it, becaufe it was a 
 
 being in the Mercian Earl Leefric, and his new Work, as the Name imports ; and 
 
 adds, that becaufe Buildings of that Na- 
 ture did not feero very agreeable to his 
 CharaCter as a Bifltop, to extinguish the 
 Envy of them, and expiate as it were 
 for that Offence, he built them with an 
 
 giving Poflfeflion of them by a fair Jewel equal Number of Monafteries ; which, 
 and rich Bracelet?, curioufly wrought, tho' it might fatisfy the People in gene- 
 to which theConfeflbr himfelf, his Queen, ral, yet was not at all pleanng to King 
 Attired Arch-bifliop of Totk, and divers o- 
 ther Nobles were Witnefles, being pre- 
 Jent and confcnting to the Donation. We 
 may fuppofe, that tho' this Manor was 
 
 excellent Lady Gcdeva, when they found- 
 ed the Monattcry of Stow near Lincoln in 
 'Edward the ( onfeflbr's Time, they en- 
 dowed it with the Lordfhips of Newark, 
 or Newmerch, Fladlurve, and Martinewe/l, 
 
 Stephen, who then ruled by a precarious 
 Title, and ever fufpcfted they would be 
 troublefome to him, tho' he had given 
 Licence to many of the Builders, which 
 when he found, he refolved to get them 
 all as faft as he could into his Hands. 
 
 fettled upon the faid Monaftery, the La- 
 
 <ly Gedcva ftill held it, (paying certain ____ 
 
 Rents and Services to the Monaftery) Some of them he got by Siege, as the 
 
 becaufe afrcr Leofric her Husband's Death Caftles of Hereford, Glourejler, &V. and 
 
 Xfewercke is fet down among other Lands fuch as were in the Bifhop's Hands he 
 
 and Manors in the Conqueror's Survey to rxpeftcd fliould be refigncd to him upon 
 be the Lady Gofftvr's,. cither a her In- Demand, but failing in his Defires, he 
 heritance or Do\\er, 
 
 The former Donation WiU'tam the Con- 
 Ijncror confirmed, ar.d added the Church 
 of Eynjlam in Oxfordshire to it, at the Re- 
 qucft o Remifint the Bilhop. In this 
 King's Time 'tis faid, that there were in 
 this Town fifty-fix Burgefles and forty 
 Villains or Farmers, ten Churches, and 
 
 caufed this Bifliop and his Uncle to be 
 committed to clofc Prifon, and ordered 
 them to be allowed neither Meat itpr 
 Drink rill they had furrendered them upr 
 to him, by which Means he obtained this 
 Caftle and fome others. 
 
 In the Reign of King fobn, when he 
 at War with his Barons, who were- 
 
 fifted
 
 NO TflNG HA M S H IR E. 
 
 afllfted by the Dauphin of France, this 
 Caftle held out ftoutly for the King, and 
 by their Sallies wafted and fpoiled the 
 Pofleflions and Lands belonging to the 
 Barons, which lay adjoining to it. The 
 Dauphin fent Gilbert de Gaunt, whom he 
 had lately made Earl of "Lincoln, to hin- 
 der their Depredations, but he hearing 
 of the King's Coming that Way retired 
 towards London, and the King with a pu- 
 iflant Army marched thro* Norfolk and 
 Lincolnshire, where by pafling the Wafhes 
 he loft the greateft Part of his Soldiers, 
 with his Horfes and Carriages, which fo 
 grieved him, that he fell into an Ague 
 and Fever, which fo weaken'd him, that 
 he could not ride, and was therefore 
 carried on an Hurdle (contrary to his 
 Defign, which was to go to Lincoln, but 
 not being able to bear the Journey) to 
 this Place, where in the Caftle, thro' An- 
 guifli of Mind rather than any Violence 
 -of Sicknefs, he departed this Life, 0&. 
 19. liio". Reg. 18. 
 
 The Barons, upon the Accefllon of 
 King Henry III. to the Throne, had gotten 
 this Caftle into their Power, by what Me- 
 thods we know not, and Robert de Gaugl 
 was continued the Governor of it, as he 
 had been in King John's Days. King 
 Henry had reftored "it to the Bifliop of Lin- 
 coln, but Robert would not refign it to 
 him ; whereupon the King, with William 
 Marjhal Earl of Pembroke, befieged it, 
 and ar the End of eight Days, by the 
 Mediation of Friends, the Matter was 
 taken up, and the Caftle was reftored to 
 the Bifliop, paying to Robert de Gaugl an 
 Hundred Pounds Sterling for the Provifion 
 left by him in it. 
 
 a. The Churches, of which the chief 
 (now the only one) was built in the Reign 
 of King Henry VI. and is reckoned one 
 of the fineft Parifli-Churches in England. 
 The Spire is very lofty, and all the Win- 
 dows are finely painted with Coats of 
 Arms. The great Window of Crofs South 
 Ifle is fuppofed to be erefted by Wittlam 
 Philpot, Alderman of the Town. Thomas 
 Merlng Efq; gave another of the Win- 
 dows, and Sir Thomas Brougb another. 
 There were in it a great Number of 
 Chantries, via,. One at the Altar of Alt- 
 
 Saints, two at the Altar of the Holy Tri- 
 nity, one at St. Nicholas's, another at Cor- 
 pus Chrifti, another at Mary Magdalen's, 
 another called Witllam Saucetner's, and 
 another WtUlam Newerk's ; but who gave 
 them, or what were their Revenues we 
 know not. In the South Ifle there is a 
 large Maible Monument, overlaid very 
 much with Brafs Plates, very well wrought, 
 and the Stone as excellently well cut, 
 on which is the Pourtraiture of one- Alan 
 Fleming, who died in the Year 1373, as 
 appears by the Infcription upon the 
 Tomb. Robert Brown alfo Efq; an Alder- 
 man of the Gild of this Town lies buried 
 under a Marble Tomb ftone in this 
 Church. The Infcription fays, he was 
 Cardinal Wolfey's and Bifliop Longlatrfs 
 Receiver and Sheriff of the Counties of 
 Nottingham and Darby, (which our Lifts of 
 thofe Sheriffs jultify, and fet him down, 
 the eighth of King Henry VIII.) In the 
 South-Eaft Corner of the Quire there is 
 a Chapel, and in it a Monument of the 
 Family of Mar khams, who were flourifh- 
 ing in thefe Parts in feveral Reigns, for 
 Sir Robert Markham in the Reigns of King 
 Edivard IV. and Henry VI. was Sheriff at 
 near fifty Years Diftance ; fo that 'tis pro- 
 bable they were either Father and Son, 
 or two Branches of the fame Family. So 
 alfo Sir J-obn Markham Kt. was High She- 
 riff four Times in KingH;ry the Eighth's 
 Reign, the laft being thirty Years diftant 
 from the firft ; and Robert Markham Efq; 
 was twice High Sheriff, and Thomas once, 
 in Queen Elizabeth's Reign. On a Brafs 
 Plate in the outmoft Ifle is the Pourtrai- 
 ture of Alderman Philpot in his furr'd 
 Gown, and other Enfigns of Honour. At 
 the North- Weft Corner of the Choir i$ 
 an Effigy, which by the Infcription we 
 are told was made for Robert Ramfey Efq; 
 Servant to King Charles I. On the South 
 Side, within the Chancel, is a raifed 
 Monument for the Atkinfons of this Town. 
 On the back Side of the Eaft Part of 
 the Choir is the Monument and EfHgiea 
 of John jpoye Efq; who, as appears by.-tha 
 Infcription was menial Servant to feveral 
 Earls of Rutland fucceflively. On .the 
 North Side of the Choir is the Tomb 
 and Pourrraiture of Alderman -^phn John-
 
 NO ? ? ING HA M S HIRE. 
 
 60 
 
 fan. On the South Wall of the Church, 
 againft the Choir Steps, is a Monument 
 for Alderman Hobinav* 
 
 5. The Houfes. The ancient Abbey of 
 Augujlin Friars was given by King Henry 
 VIII. to Richard Andrews and Nicholas 
 Temple, who fold it to Sir J-dkn Markham, 
 who kept it not long, but pafling it over 
 to Sir Francis Leeke Kt. he repaired and 
 adorned it, and it became his Man- 
 iion-Houfe, as it continued to the Lord 
 Deinccurt , his Son ; but fince the Family 
 is become Earls of Scarfdale, they have 
 fold it to Matthew J-ennifon Efq; who 
 was the Owner of it in the Year of 
 Chrift 1675. Next this Southward Hands 
 another great Houfe, called The Chantry , 
 jn which dwelt William Leeke, Brother to 
 the Lord Deincourt, and "-Father of Sir 
 Francis Leek, Kt. and Baronet, who made 
 it his principal Refidence. Next to this 
 is the Free School founded by Thomas 
 JMagnus of Sibthorp College, which, after 
 the Dilfolution of religious Houfes, he 
 hud for Life, and then it was fo fall to 
 the Heirs of Richard Whalley Efq; Dr.. 
 "Fuller in the Worthies of this Shire fays, 
 That this Thomas Magnus was an expofed 
 Child, left by his Mother (no body knows 
 who) in the Parifli of Newark, and being 
 found in the Way by fome Tcrfiire Clo- 
 thiers in the Dark of the Morning, they 
 liad Compaflion upon the Babe, and be- 
 ing unwilling to leave it yet expofed, a- 
 greed among themfelves, to pay for its 
 Surfing and Education, (which would 
 come to little among many) and firft 
 of all had him baptized at Newark by the 
 Name of Thomas, giving his Surname A- 
 wang-us, I. e. to be maintained among us. 
 Accordingly they being very careful in 
 breeding him, and giving him Schaol E- 
 ducation, he became an excellent Scho- 
 lar and Statefman, being fent on Embaf-. 
 fies. On this Account he took on him 
 the Name of Dr. Magnus, and bccan\e 
 famous both at Home and Abroad ; and 
 rot forgetting this Town, where he was 
 born to his Fofter-Fathcrs, he erefted and 
 endowed the aforefaid School here, and was 
 otherwise a coufidcrabjc Eenefa&oj; to it. 
 
 Dr. There-ton indeed fays, That in his Deed; 
 of Settlement of a Revenue on the School, 
 he mentions John Magnus his Father, and 
 Alice his Mother, and Joan, Elizabeth, 
 and Katharine his Sifters ; but this Account 
 need be no Prejudice againft Dr. Fitter's 
 Relation, fince 'tis probable, though his 
 Parents were poor, and unable to main- 
 tain him in his Childhood, which is the only 
 Reafon why they expofed him, yet they 
 doubtlefs had an Eye to his Education, and 
 when they f&w him to profper fo much 
 in the World, did difcover themfelves to 
 him, which made him take their Name, 
 and 'tis likely he was a. Benefactor to , 
 them. But that which may. render Dr. 
 Fuller's Account more probable is this, 
 That Mr. A. Wood faw this Doftor's Will, 
 and gives us no Particulars of any Lega- 
 cies left to either his Parents, or Sifters, 
 or their Children, which 'tis probable he 
 would have devifed, had he, known of any 
 near Kindred. In this Will he ordered 
 his Burial to bo at Newark., if he died in 
 thefe Parts.. He endowed the School a- 
 forefaid with the Lordfhip of Everton in 
 this County, and made the Vicar of. 
 Newark and the Brethren of the Trinity- 
 Guild for the Time being, who were then , 
 the chief Governors of the Town of New- 
 ark, perpetual Trufte.es for that his Foun- 
 dation. 
 
 4. The State of the Town. . King Ed- 
 ward VI. by his Charter, bearing Date 
 jfan. I. in the third Year of his Reign, 
 incorporated this Town by the Name of 
 one Alderman. and twelve Afliftants of the 
 Corporation of Newark * and King Charles 
 II. upon his Renewing their. Charter in 
 16-72, turned the Alderman into a Mayor, 
 and the Afliftants into Aldermen ; and 
 becaufe the Corporation had been loyal, 
 to his Father in his Wars with his rebel- 
 lious Parliament, to their great Lofs, he 
 further added to the Corporation the 
 Privilege of chufing two Members to rc- 
 prcfent them in Parliament. It is at pre- 
 fent a good trading Town, and the People 
 are wealthy and flourifliing. It hath a 
 great Market weekly on Wednefday, and 
 two well frequented Fairs yearly, viz. ou
 
 fflednefday in Whitfun-week, on St. Mary 
 Magdalene's Day, July zz. and a lefs con- 
 (iderable one, Oftober 18. being St. Luke's 
 Day. The Town has formerly been di- 
 vided into two Parts, viz. the Burrough 
 of Newark, and Northgate, at the farthett 
 End of which from the Town flood a fair 
 Houfe, formerly belonging to St. Leonard's 
 Hofpital, and commonly 'called The Spit- 
 tle. Sir Richard Conflabk purchafed it, 
 and having foon after fold it to William 
 Cecil Earl of Exeter, he built a fine Seat 
 there in the Reign of King Charles I. 
 which after his Death was pulled down 
 by At of Parliament, and being taken 
 irom the Hofpital was exchanged for 
 Lands of better Value, which were an- 
 nexed to it for the better Support of it. 
 
 But that which has rendered this Town 
 moll famous in Hiftory is its firm Adhe- 
 rence to the Royal Intereft during the 
 whole Time of the Civil Wars in England 
 between the King and Parliament. The 
 Earl, afterwards Duke, of Newcajtle had 
 fixed a Garrifbn at this -Place in the very 
 Beginning of the War, to keep the Lln- 
 celnfclre Forces raifed for the Parliament 
 from an entire Conjun&ion with the Lord 
 Fairfax, which the Garrifon excellently 
 performed, by courageously beating a 
 formed Body of Men which attempted it. 
 Sir John Henderfon was the Governor of 
 Newark at this Time, and becaufe he ex- 
 pc&ed daily to be befieged he caufed all 
 Northgate and the Spittle to be burnt 
 down. 
 
 While Sir John Henderfon was Gover- 
 nor, the Queen, who had been afting 
 v/ith great Vigour for her Royal Spoufe, 
 and having increafed her Forces com- 
 manded by Mr. Henry Jermin, was march- 
 ing flowly to Oxford, came to Newark, 
 and making, a Stay there a few Days, 
 treated the Ladies of the Town and Coun- 
 try thereabout fome of whom, to Ihew 
 their Loyalty and Politicks, offered a Pe- 
 tition to her Majefty, praying her not to 
 remove from Newark till her Forces had 
 taken Nottingham. Tlie Queen, fufpeft- 
 ing that their Husbands knew nothing of 
 this their : Aftion, anfwcred them, That 
 tee mould have been glad it had been in 
 her Power to grant their Requcfts, but 
 
 fhe was commanded to haftefl to the 
 King, and tho' ihe could not anfwer their* 
 Petition, yet fhe would by her Example 
 teach them to obey their Husbands. Be- 
 fore her Majefty departed from Newark, 
 fhe, out of her great Care for Lincoln- 
 fiire and this County, left two Thoufand 
 Foot, and Arms for five Hundred more, , 
 and twenty Troops of Horfe, under the 
 Command of Col. Cavendifo, who was not 
 long after flain by Cromwell near Gainf- 
 borough, and buried in this Town. He 
 was the Son of William Earl of Devon , . 
 and a Perfon of fuch a manly Figure, 
 winning Prefence, polite Parts, and per- 
 fonal Courage, that he was both the 
 Love and Admiration of all that conver- 
 fed with him or beheld him, inrfomiich, 
 that when he was brought into this Town 
 to be interred, the People would not fuf- 
 fer him to be buried, till for fome Days 
 they had viewed his Body with their Eyes, 
 and embalmed it with their Tears : Nay, . 
 thirty Years after, when his Body was re- 
 moved to Derby, frefh Lamentations were 
 made for him by all that knew him, 
 and many that had only heard of his 
 Bravery and Accomplishments ; fo that 
 the whole Town were very unwilling to 
 part with the Reliques of a Perfon, who,, 
 while living, had been the Ornament and 
 Defence both of the Town ami Country, 
 round about. 
 
 Tn the Spring of this -Year 1 643, the 
 Lord Willoughby of Parham and Sir John 
 MeJdrum, with about five Thoufand Horfe 
 and Foot, fat down before this Town, to 
 befiege and take it from the King, but 
 the Garrifon fallying- forthwith great 
 Courage and Bravery, forced Sir Jchn 
 Meldrum's Regiment to retreat, but the 
 Lord WiUottghby coming up gallantly with 
 his Regiment, beat the Garrifon back in- 
 to the Town, took one Piece of Ordinance 
 and divers Prifoners, and refcued thole 
 Perfons of Sir John Aleldriim's Regiment 
 which they had taken, but as far as we 
 can find railed the Siege for t!>e prefer, t. 
 
 Sir John Hutchlnfon being removed from 
 the Command of this Garrifon, Sir John 
 Byron was put into his Place ; foon after 
 which the Parliament Forces, under the 
 Lord Fairfax, Sir John Meldrum, Col. Rof- 
 3 1 fte*
 
 6-L 
 
 jtter, &c. tegan a new Siege of this Town, 
 and at length did (b ftreigthen the Garri- 
 fon, that they were forced to beg Relief 
 of the King, who was then at Oxford. His 
 Majefty was under great Difficulties at 
 that Time, but considering that Newark 
 was a very ufeful Garrifon, which not 
 only kopr this little County of Nottingham 
 in Subje&ion, but a great Part of the 
 large County of Lincoln under Contribu- 
 tion, found it neceflary to fend Prince 
 Rupert, \\ith a good Body of c ho fen Horfe 
 d Dragoons, with fome Foot, to attempt 
 
 an 
 
 at leaft the Relief of Newark, which be- 
 tng loft \\ould cut off all poflible Commu- 
 nication between Oxford and York. The 
 Garrifon in it at that Time confided 
 chiefly of fome Gentry of the Country 
 adjoining, and the Inhabitants, who want- 
 ed a 1m oil every Thing to endure a Siege 
 but their Courage ; which the Befiegers 
 being fenfible of did not doubt but to oblige 
 it in a little Time to furrender, and 
 fo proceeded flowly in their Approaches, 
 not fearing any Relief to come to them. 
 Prince Rupert had no Account of this Po- 
 llture of the Parliament Forces, tho' it 
 was a mighty Advantage to him, but af- 
 ter his fearleis and hafty Way of Con- 
 duit refolves to relieve Newark, and 
 with a great Body of Horfe came unex- 
 pe$edly upon the Befiegers, fell upon 
 them in their Works, and brought them 
 in their Conlternation to accept ofLLeave 
 to lay down their Arms without any 
 Carriages or Baggage. Mr. Wbithck in 
 his Memoirs tells us, that as unprepared 
 us the Parliament Forces were, Col. Rof- 
 Jiter, Major Lilburn, and the Captains Be- 
 thel and Hunt, gallantly charged the right 
 "Wing led by the Prince, and routed it, 
 "but others of the Parliament Forces did 
 not play their Parts fo well, for five 
 Hundred of them deferted the great Fort, 
 and fled to Lincoln, by which Means the 
 Prince became Mafter of the Fort, and 
 therein intrenching himfelf cut off Pro- 
 vifions from the Bcfiegers, and fo forced 
 them to furrender. But be that as it will, 
 'tis certain a great Viftory was obtained ; 
 'for the King's Army took four Thou fan d 
 Arms, eleven Pieces of Brafs Canon, and 
 two Mortar Pieces, and above fifty Bar- 
 
 rel s of Powder. Nor was this Vi&ory 
 more welcome in it felf, tho' unexpe&ed, 
 than it was in the good Effe&s it produ- 
 ced ; for the Garrifons of Gainsborough^ 
 Lincoln, and Sleaford were quitted foon af- 
 ter by the Parliament Forces, and Stern- 
 Cajtle in StajfordJIrire was furrendered to 
 Sir Gilbert Gerhard for his Majefty's Ufe, 
 Sir Jolm Byron was for this Service made 
 Lord Byron t in the Year 1643. 
 
 The King's Affairs being here in Eng- 
 land in a declining Condition, Brijlolj Ti- 
 verton, and feveral other Places loft, the 
 King haying a good Account of Montrofe's 
 Succefs in Scotland, which he had almoft 
 totally fubdued, refolved to go to him, 
 and had got an Army of 3000 Men, with 
 which he intended to join him ; but in 
 his Way, as he lay at Doncafttr in York- 
 jbire, to refrefli himfelf and Army, David, 
 Lejley came upon him with his Scotch 
 Horfe, and difperfed them, fo that the 
 King was forced to retreat TO his fure 
 Friends in this Town, and fo returned to 
 Oxford, but did not lay afide his former 
 Refolution of going to Montrofe, which 
 he again attempted, and coming to Ra- 
 theram, where he heard that Montrofe was 
 defeated by Lcfley t he retreated again to 
 this Place. While he remained here, 
 Prince Rupert (from whom the King had 
 taken his Commiflion, for lofing BriJ}ol t 
 becatlfe he had allured him, that he 
 .-could defend it four Months, but loft it 
 in lels than one) came to clear himfelf 
 of any Unfaithfulnefs and Difloyalty in 
 furrendering Brijtol ; and the King gave 
 him the Hearing of his Apology, but con- 
 demned his Indifcretion, and put out a 
 Proclamation to clear him of any wilful 
 Fault, and fo left him to provide for his 
 own Efcape. The King had fcarcely diP- 
 patched the Prince, but the Enemy was 
 upon him, which to avoid, he purpofed 
 to march away one Sunday Night ; but 
 there happening a Quarrel between Sir 
 Richard Willis Kt. the Governor he had 
 put in, in the Lord Byron's Place, and 
 the Commiflioners, he was obliged to ftay 
 a little to end that, which he found he 
 could not do but by removing of Willis t 
 and" therefore refolved to do it, but for 
 his Advantage, designing to make him 
 
 Captain
 
 Captain of his Horfe Guards, in the Place 
 of the Earl of Litchfield lately deceafed. 
 This being propounded to Sir Richard was 
 refilled, which fo difplealed the King, 
 that he bad him depart his Prefence, and 
 declared the Lord BeUafis Governor of 
 the Town. Prince Rupert, the Lord Ger- 
 hard t and others were difgufted at this, 
 and petitioned the King to have Sir Rj~ 
 eha*d tried by a Court Mardal, which the 
 King refufmg, they defired Pafles for 
 themfelves, and as many Horfe as would 
 go with them, which being granted, near 
 two Hundred Horfe left the Town, and 
 repaired to Belvoir Caftle. 
 
 This Delay of the King'* in this Town 
 brought it into much Danger of being 
 taken ; for Points and RoJJtter being near 
 Newark believed they had fo effeaually 
 furrounded him, that it was not poffible 
 for him to efcape their Hands. The King 
 knew this, but did not defpair of a fafe 
 Paflage, which having prepar'd for, by fend- 
 ing Meflengers to Befooir Caftle and Oxford, 
 he fet out about Eleven a-Clock in a 
 dark Night from Newark, arrived at Bel- 
 voir Caftle about Three in the Morning 
 without any Noife or Interruption, and 
 marching the next Day between the Ene- 
 my's Garrifons, with the Lofs only of a 
 few Stragglers, came fafely at Night to 
 Oxford. The King was no fooner gone 
 from Newark, but the Scotch Army fat 
 down before it to befiege it ; and becaufc 
 his Aflfaifs on all Sides had an ill Afpeft, 
 and the Parliament grew weary of the 
 Scots, as they knew, He bethought him- 
 lelf of calling himfelf upon his native 
 Subje&s, the Scots, and to that End fent 
 the French Ambaflador Montrevil to treat 
 with them, and find what Reception he 
 fhould have with them. Mentrevitl firft 
 applied himfelf to the Scotch Commiffion- 
 ers, whom he found fo lefolwe for the 
 Presbyterian Government, which he knew 
 the King would never grant, that he left 
 them, and went to the Army before this 
 Place, to confult the chief Officers about 
 it. He had no fooner propounded ir to 
 them, but they declared themfelves frigh- 
 ly pleafed that the King fhould defire to 
 come to thorn, and that he might allure 
 his Majefty of a good Reception and En- 
 
 tertainment for himfelf and Friends, and 
 that they would welcome him as their 
 natural Sovereign. Montr evil mewed this 
 to the King, who was wonderfully pleafed 
 with it, and refolred to fly to them ; 
 but before he went Mentrevil difcovered 
 the Scotch Falmood, and cautioned the 
 King of it ; but he, not knowing where 
 elfe to fcek any Security, went privately 
 over to them, committed himfelf to their 
 Prote&ion, caufed the Lord Bellas to 
 furrender Newark to them upon honour- 
 able Conditions, and was with much Re- 
 fpefl: conduced by them to Newcajtle. 
 
 King Charles I. honoured this Town 
 with the Title of a Vifcounty, by cre- 
 ating Robert Pierpoint Baron Pterpoint ot 
 Holme-Pierpoint, and Vifcount Newark, 
 which and his Succclfors, Eails of Kh:g- 
 fton, have ever fince enjoyed, it giving a: 
 this Time the Title of Vifcount to the 
 Right Honourable the Earl of Khigjlon, 
 who hath been lately created Marquefs 
 of Dorchejier and Duke of Kinpftin. This 
 is all we find memorable of this Town, 
 and therefore mail proceed to the Villa- 
 ges of this Wapentake. 
 
 Alverton, Alvringtcn, or Afareton, the 
 Fee of Walter D'Ayncourt, and Soc of 
 Staunton, Sibtlxvp, and Kihington, held by 
 Malper and Auaer, Saxons, and after- 
 wards by the Family of JMorin, whole 
 Heirefs Agnes granted it to Simon de I.?eke, 
 of whom the St.iunioni had it. William 
 Staunton, in Order to make an Exchange 
 with Henry He-ivy t Ciiixen and Cloath- 
 worker in London, gave him Pofleflion oi 
 this Manor, and in this Family, viz. Sij- 
 Thomfts Hewit, it ftill remains, how juftly 
 we can't determine ; but Dr. Thoroton fays, 
 Hewyt proved too ftrong for Staunton ', 
 what that implies let the Reader judge. 
 
 Balderton, ft frnall Village, famous for 
 its Lords, the Biffis, defcended from 
 Jordan Se Bxfly, who lived in the Con- 
 queror's Time, and whofe PoHcrity held 
 it till Queen Elizabeth's Reign, when the 
 Heirefs of the Family carried it by Mar- 
 riage to the Meers cf LiKcohpire, who 
 fold it to Giles Fojier, whofe Heir fold it 
 jfames Leeke Gent, whole Son and Heir, 
 ^Francis Leeke, fold it to George Lafteh of* 
 Eljton.- Of that Family was Sir John
 
 NOfflNGHJM SHIRE. 
 
 Secretary to King Richard II. and piers, and when that Order was abroga* 
 
 one of his evil Counfellors, who was be- ted was given to the Knights Hofpitallcrs 
 
 headed in King Henry the Fourth's Reign, of St. J-ohn of Jerusalem, is in this Parifh, 
 
 The Cure of this Parifh and Farnedon is and was fettled by Thomas de Sibthorp upon 
 
 ferved by one Vicar, who is put in by 
 the Prebendary of Ealderton in the Church 
 of Lincoln, to whom the Tithes of both 
 Parifhes belong, and do make one good 
 Prebend. 
 
 the Chantry he founded at Bekingham. It 
 is now, or was lately, the Inheritance of 
 William Carttvright Efq; who alfo pur- 
 chafed the Manor of 
 
 Cbehington, -or Kilvington, with a Part 
 
 Beflhorp, or Beftorp, is one of thofe Ma- x>f St.iunton, of which we fhall fpeak here- 
 nors which Goisfrid Hanfelin was poflefled after. This Lordmip was the Eftate be- 
 of in this County in the Conqueror's fore the the Conqueft of Colegrim the Saxsn, 
 Reign. 'His Son and Heir Ralph Hanfelin and after, of Hugh Fitz-baldric, of whom 
 
 Aufger held it. After him, in King Ed- 
 ward the Third's Days, William de A/lorin 
 held it, and convey a it to the Family of 
 the Stauntons, an ancient Family in this 
 County, in which it continued down to 
 Harvey Staunton Efq; who fold it to Mr. 
 Cartwright, a rich Lawyer of this County. 
 The Advowfon of this Church was in 
 
 dying without Iflue Male in the Reign 
 of King Henry II. his Barony and Eftate 
 ivas, by the Marriage r of his Daughter 
 and Heir, carried into the Family of the 
 Bardolfs, me marrying Thomas Lord Bar- 
 .do!f, and leaving by him .Doun Bardolf her 
 Heir. 
 
 'Brodfclm, a Village, that had for its 
 1-ords before the Conqueft, Turget and 
 Hilden, two Saxcns ', but they were de- 
 prived of it by the Conqueror, and their 
 iftates -"were given to Beringarde Todeni, 
 the Son of Robert de Todeni, the firft Nor- 
 
 the Stauntons as long as they held the 
 Alanor, but is now the Inheritance of Mr. 
 William Cartivright, who is Lord of the 
 Manor. It is valued in the King's Books 
 at 6 1. 12. s. i d. But the Patronage of 
 
 -man Lord of Behoir, an-d William Percy, the Vicarage of Barneby is in the Chapter 
 Roger <de Bttfu aHb had a Manor here, of the Collegiate Church of Southwell, 
 which was Alvsin the Saxon's before the and is valued in the King's Books at 5 /. 
 
 Norman Change. Here was anciently a 
 Triory of Monks of the Order of the fV<e- 
 .ynonjh-atetifes. The Family ^f Todeni, af- 
 ter Berentrar, went by the Name of Alba- 
 ?, or Albini, his Son William, for what 
 Reafon is not now known, laying afide 
 his Name of Todeni, called himfelf Wil- 
 liam de Albini Brito, as his Pofterity after 
 liim did. Ralph de Albini, a younger Son 
 of thts William, was a good Benefu&or to 
 
 9 i. yd. i. 
 
 Cliftons, or Cliftuns, North and South, 
 had five Manors in them, of which four 
 belonged to the Bilhop of Lincoln, and 
 one to Roger de Bujli, which in After-times 
 pafled to the Lnvetots, Pigots, .an^. WW- 
 Icughby's, and now rcfts in the Fa'ftiily of 
 AugMJtine Earl E(q; who obtained it, i 5 
 Eliz. In this Town were fome Lands be- 
 
 longing to Forkfey Priory in LincolnR/tre, 
 
 #he Nuns of this Place. This Manor which were granted to Sir Philip Hobby, 
 
 came afterwards to the D'Aubeny's, the 35 Hen. VIII. 
 
 Anceftors of the Earl of Bridgwater. The Collingham North and South belonged an- 
 
 l-attds belonging to the Priory were, at ciently to the Abbot of Peterborough, who, 
 
 *he DifiTolution of the Abbies, given to in the Reign of King Henry III. had a 
 
 John Comers and William Haber, and were Grant of Free- Warren here, and fet up 
 
 lately in the Tenure of William Mounfon a Gallows, as being within his Jurif- 
 
 Hfq; and were of the Value of 10 /. 10 s. di&ion, and had hanged a Thief on it ; 
 
 4 d. per Ann, but the Bifhop of Lincoln, who claimed 
 
 ttarneby, called Barneby in the Willows, the Lordmip of Newark and its Wapen- 
 
 fcecaufc it ftands upon the River Fefdick, take, had it pull'd down. When the Ab- 
 
 marmy Ground abounds with Wil- bey of Peterborough was turned into a Bi- 
 The Manor of Flowfare, which an- fhoprick, thefe two Parimcs were affign- 
 fcwnt]j belonged to the Knights-Tern- cd by King Henry VIII. to be Part of the 
 
 Revenues
 
 NO ff ING HAMS HIRE. 
 
 Revenues to fupport the Dean and Chap- 
 ter, \\ith the Offices and Places fubordi- 
 nate to them ; and the Honourable Ar~ 
 chetil Grey, Son of Henry Earl of Stam- 
 ford, is the Grand Leflee. Mr. Guntcn 
 tells us, that the Rents paid by thefe 
 two Parifhes to the Dean, &>c, yearly 
 are 857. 19 j. 5 d. per Ann. 
 
 The Church of North Collingham is im- 
 propriate, and we fuppofe is Part of the 
 Dean and Chapter's Revenues, becaufe 
 the Vicarage is in their Prefenration. It 
 is valued in the King's Books at 8 /. rp s. 
 1 d. South Collingham is a Re&ory in the 
 Gift of the Bimop of Peterborough, but 
 pays to the Dean and Chapter a fmali 
 Rent of twenty Shillings per Annum. It 
 is valued in the King's Books at 14 /. is. 
 10 d. 
 
 The Abbefs St. Etta and her Nuns, 
 who disfigured and maimed themfelves by 
 cutting off their Lips and Nofes, to pre- 
 vent arty Abufes, which they had Rea- 
 Ibn to fear from the Pagan Danes, are 
 thought by Tome of our Hiftorians to have 
 had their Residence in a Nunnery in one 
 of thefe Towns ; and Air. Speed feems to 
 be of that Opinion, by joining it with 
 Cmvland, Ely, and Peterborough Abbies, 
 as much involved in the fame Deftru&ion 
 from the Danes, or altogether ; but that 
 Opinion is without any juft Grounds, for 
 befides that there does not appear the 
 leaft Footfteps of fuch a Convent in either 
 of thefe Towns, nor have we any Men- 
 tion of it either in the Monafticon, nor 
 any Additions that have lately been made 
 to it, either by Mr. Willis or Mr. Stevens, 
 the Cokfwgbam -where the ,chafte Women 
 lived was a Town in Scotland, and the 
 Nunnery was a Cell to the Abbey of 
 Durham. 
 
 J-okn Bottrgh, Doftor of Divinity, and 
 Chancellor of thcUniverfity oiCarttbridee, 
 wha flourifhed in the Reign of King Ri- 
 chard II. was Parfon of one of thefe 
 Pariihes. 
 
 Cotham, or, as Domefday-Bock has it, 
 Cotes, had divers Manors in the Saxon 
 Times, which were given by the Con- 
 queror, viz. one to Odo Bimop of Baion, 
 and two to Walter D'Ayncurt, which in 
 fncceeding Times came by the Vaux's and 
 
 "Leeks to the JMarkhams ', fo that now 't' 
 a Vill moft famous for having been 
 the Eftate and Scat of a Branch of 
 the Family of JMarkbams, from whom the 
 Markhams of Allertcn are descended. They 
 were a Family of great Note for fbme 
 Ages. Sir John Markham was a Captain 
 in Stokefeld in 1488, Sir Robert Markham 
 was High Sheriff of this and Darby Shire* 
 J2 Hen. VI. and his Son Sir Robert (as v,e 
 fuppofe) 20 Ediv. IV. as was Sir John 
 Markham 1O, 17, $o, 37 Hen. VIII. Ro- 
 bert Markham Efq; 13, 25 Eliz.. and Jef- 
 frey Markham Efq; 22 jfac. I. The Houfcs 
 here are moft of them deftroycd, the 
 Lands being inclofed ; and the Manor 
 and Lands belong moft of them to the 
 Duke of Newcaftle, or his Heirs. 
 
 The Re&ory and Advowfon of the Vi- 
 carage, which before the Diffblution be- 
 longed to the Priory of Thurgarton, were 
 granted by King Henry VIII. to Jchn Bel- 
 low and John Broxholm Eiqs; with the 
 Barn, and all other the Appurtenances, 
 then in the Tenure of John Markham. 
 The Duke of Newcajlle was lately, or now 
 is, Patron of the Vicarage, which in the 
 King's Books is valued at 7 /. 18 s. id. 
 but none hath been prefented to if lately, 
 yet the Duke gives 20 /. per Ann. for its 
 Supply. In the Chancel is a good Tomb 
 for one of the IMarkhams- 
 
 Cottinirton, or Coddington, where the Bi- 
 fhop of Lincoln had two Manors, and the 
 Bifhop of Bayon as many, befides a Part 
 of the Townfhip, which was Sokc to 
 Newark. In After-Times Robert Peyfu* 
 was Lord of this Town, and gave one Bo- 
 vate out of his Demefne to God and 
 St. Peter of TJ.'urgarton, and the Canons 
 ferving God there, which Sir Robert Pier- 
 point holding of the Alonartery became a 
 confiderable Owner here ; but the Ma- 
 nors were ftill in the Bimop of Lincoln^ 
 Prior of St. Katharine's without Lincoln , 
 and J-ohn de Ne--jil of Rollefton. At prefent 
 it is of Note chiefly for the large Moor 
 adjoining to it, which takes the Name of 
 Cottington, or vulgarly Coddington Moor, 
 where there ufeth to be a famous Horfc- 
 Race yearly, for which the Mayor and 
 Alderman of Newark ufually provided a 
 Plate, but of late Years it has been dif- 
 I continued
 
 66 
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Continued thro' fome NegleGs, which is 
 a Pity, becaufe 'tis an innocent Diversion 
 'for the Gentry. 
 
 The Church here is dedicated to St, 
 Peter, and the Cure fupplied by the Vi- 
 car of Stoke, becaulf* the Tithes are. given 
 to the Chancellor of Lincoln, as thofe of 
 Stoke are. Here was a Chantry founded 
 by Henry of Codington, and endowed with 
 ve Meffuages, three Tofcs, a Hundred 
 and forty-four Acres of Land, twenty-fe- 
 ven and an half of Meadow, with their 
 Appurtenances, to pray for his Soul, PC. 
 which, at the Diflolution of the Abbies, 
 was granted to Sir Ediv. Bray, John Thorn- 
 ton, &c. and their Heirs: But $ & 4 
 Phil. & MariA Ralph Parker and Henry his 
 Son had a Licence granted them to alienate 
 the faid Lands and their Appurtenances, 
 with the Site and Demefnes of that Pri- 
 ory to J-vkn Fiennes Efq; arid his Heirs. 
 
 The Vicarage of North Clifton is in the 
 Patronage of a Prebendary of Lincsln, 
 and is valued in the King's Books at 7 /. 
 6s. (. We know nothing of [South Clifton 
 Tithes or Church. 
 
 - Dernethorp, Di*Kett>o*p, T>erlejHscrp, or Dor- 
 ttenthorpr an- Hamlet of Coliin^ham ; but 
 Part of it the Soc of Houton, the Fee of 
 Ralph de Limeft, and after of Roper de 
 tLfttoa, whole Son William transferred it 
 to Richard de HarthiU and his Heirs, who 
 gave it in FnmL-marriageVith hisDaugh* 
 tcr Alice- to Roger Deincoart, who d y ing before 
 the faid Alice, ihe gave all her Intcieft in 
 it to the Priory of TI:urgarton, to be ta- 
 ken into the Benefits of their Prayers for 
 ever. After the DifTolution this Manor,, 
 with all its Lands and Appurtenances late 
 belonging to the Monaftery of Tbttrgartoii t 
 were granted, ,6 Hen. VIII. to Jchn Bel- 
 hive and John Broxbolme, and their Heirs. 
 Jf ever there was a Church here, it is fo 
 long ago gone, that there are no Signs or 
 Memorials of if. 
 
 El f on, or Elvcpoa, and Eylfton, where 
 the Bi/hep of Lincoln had two Manors be- 
 fore the Norman Invafion, and after Roger 
 de Bufl't ane, and llbert de- Lacy another*. 
 They are all now united, and the Parifh, 
 13 now become the Lord/hip and Seat of 
 the Lafceh y of whom there were in an- 
 eient Times fever, al Persons of great 
 
 Note, as Roger de Lafcels, who \vas funr- 
 moned to Parliament among the Peers in 
 the 22d Year of King Edward I. Brian 
 Lafcels, who .was High Sherilf of this 
 County twice in the Reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth, -viz.- in the 2.6th and 41 ft Years ; 
 and Sir Ger.r?e Lafcels Kt. who ferved in 
 that Office for this County in the twelfth 
 Year of King James I. and ninth of King 
 Charles I. This Lord/hip defcended to 
 them from, the MetMeys by .Marriage. 
 
 The ReStory of Elf an was au -icntly in 
 the Patronage of the Church of L/V/, 
 one of the Prebendaries prelenung to it ; 
 .but Mr. Wtgbtman of Stoke- is the prefent 
 Patron. It is valued in the King.'* Book* 
 at 9 7. S s. 9 d. 
 
 Farnt;n, or Farendune, and Farned^n, a 
 fmall Village, the Manor of which be- 
 longs to the Prebend of Balderton in the 
 Cathedral of Lincoln ; one Vicar fupplie* 
 the Cure of this Parifh ami Balderton, and 
 is put in by the PrebeJidary, who holds- 
 that, as "is faid in Balderton above. The 
 Vicarage of this Place is valued in the 
 King's Books at 6 1. 13 s. 4'rf. 
 
 Flamhorougb, or Flodherge, the Lordfhip 
 and Fee of Ulvnc before the Conqucft, and 
 after given to Walter D'Ayncourt and Rage* 
 Bujli. The Family, called de le Hou, from, 
 their Refidence upon an Hill here, flou- 
 rifhed To much and fo long in this Place v 
 that it was filled in Writings Flawborjugb 
 de le Hou ; but at length Jeffrey Bugg fold 
 it to Sir William Staunton, and fo it be- 
 came another Manor of the Stauntons r 
 which was fold by Harvey Staunton Efq; to. 
 the Earl of Newcajlle, of whom, or his 
 Truftces, Sir John Cropley bought it. His- 
 Son hath fince inclofed it, and built feve- 
 ral good new Farm-Houfes upon it. Some 
 Part of this Town belongs to Orfton ; 
 but tiie greateft Part is in the Parifh of 
 StauiJton* 
 
 Gretton, or Girion, a Village, belonging: 
 to Newark, of which the Biiriop of Lin- 
 coln is Lord. The Knights-Tcmplers had 
 fome Interell here in the Reign of King 
 Edward I. 
 
 Hareby, Herdeby, or Herdrelye, had two- 
 Manors^ the one belonging to the See of 
 Lincoln, and the other to Brian de Herdeby t 
 from whom it came by the We,iis to the: 
 
 Suttons*
 
 NO TT' Ih r G HAMSHIR E. 
 
 Siftton r . It is now worthy our Notice on- 
 ly upon the Account of the prcfent Own- 
 er, the Right Honourable Robert Lord 
 Lexington, of whom we have fpoken above 
 in Sutton upon Trent in Bingbam Wa- 
 pentake." 
 
 Halt-ton, or Holton, tho* a fmallVillage, yet 
 had five Manors in i: in the Saxon Times, 
 given after the Norman Invafion to Ralph 
 de Limejt, under whom Alured held them. 
 Richard de Hontcn fucceeded Alured in the 
 faid Manors in the Time of King Henry 
 II. after whofe Pofterity, which held it 
 not long, it now hms the Honour of having 
 from that Time for its Lords, the Camp- 
 ions and Mollnni-x's. The Town is at pre- 
 fent very much depopulated fince the 
 Civil Wars ; but bccaufe fince that Time 
 it has been inclofed for the greatcft Part, 
 Dr. Thoroton, who is a. great Enemy to 
 that Piece of Husbandry, imputes the 
 Wafte of it to Inclofures, which (as the 
 Dottor fays) never fail in this County to 
 produce that bad Effe& ; which AfTertion, 
 grounded upon Experience, may poffibly 
 be true. 
 
 The Church of this Place was given 
 by Sir Robert de Houghton, with feven Bo- 
 vates of Land here, to the Priory of 
 Tt-urgarton> for the Suftentation of a Ca- 
 non, to celebrate Mafs daily in that 
 Church (where he intended to he bnrieu) 
 for the Health of his Soul, and Agnes his 
 Wife, and all his Anceftors and Succcf- 
 fors, which Gift Waited Archbifcop. of 
 Tcrk confirmed to that Priory ; but Robert 
 de Hout.n, by giving to the faid Houfe 
 three Bovates of Land, and four Tofts, 
 and confirming the r even Bovates before 
 given, regained the Advowfon of the 
 Church to him and his Heirs ; and fo it 
 came to the Molineux's, who are the Pa- 
 trons: But the Lands in this Parifh. be- 
 longing to the Priory after the Diflblu- 
 tion were granted, 4 Eliz. to James Hard- 
 wick and his Heirs, and now are the E- 
 ftate of the Earl of Ltv:nfiire. In the 
 Church here are Alonuments for Degcry. 
 Ady, a Knight of the Sepulchre, and 
 Dame Anne his Wife, who died Feb, 27. 
 I5zi. and William JMoUneux and Margaret 
 bis VVife, who died Ocfob. 31. 1541 ; and 
 iu the Chancel for Robert Moljncnx Efq; 
 
 and Durotfy his Wife, who died Apr. 13. 
 i 539 : and by the Wall fide an old crofv 
 legged Monument, with a Shield, not 
 known for whom ; in the Windows of 
 both, the Molineux s Arms, impaled with 
 Jdarkhams, Cottons, Bingbams, Bi'ffy's, Fttz- 
 Williams, Ajla&ons, 8cc. 
 
 Landford, the Manor of the Aubervltts, 
 or slavUIs, who came into England at the 
 Conqueft ; but Male Heirs failing, this 
 Manor pafled by the O/c/j, who married 
 their Heirefs to the Grey, and from them 
 to the Pierpoints, in which P-amily while 
 it contin-ued, Rohert de Pierpoint, a notable 
 Soldier againft the Scots, obtained a Char- 
 ter of tree-Warren for his Demefne 
 Lands here, and other Places of this 
 County ; which being antiquated by Time, 
 Sir William Pinpoint Kt. in the fixth Year 
 of King Henry VIII. obtained a Confir- 
 mation of the faid Charter of Free- War- 
 ren for this and the fame Manors. From 
 the Pierpoints this Manor pafled by Sale to 
 Sir Francis Leek, who fome Years after 
 fold if to George Talbot Earl of Shrewsbury. 
 There is a Moor in this Parifh, which 
 in former Ages belonged to the Knights 
 Hofpitallers of St. J-chn of Jerusalem \ but 
 after the Diflolution of religious Houfes 
 was granted 6 'Ediv. VI. to Sir Edward 
 Fiennes Kt. afterwards Lord Clinton and 
 Say, Henry Herefon, and their Heirs, as 
 were fome other Lands and Commons to 
 Sir Clmjtopker Hatter,, Octob. 4. 28 EIiz. 
 The Manor has lately been purchafed bjr 
 Dr. Mere and his Nephew John More is 
 the Owner of it, and hath the Tithes of 
 the Parim. 
 
 JMering, a Village, famous for giving 
 the Name to an ancient Family, de^ 
 fcejidcd from Gilbert de Mer'nigge^ Son of 
 HarveiHs, who lived in the Reign of King 
 Stephen, They continued down from thence 
 to Queen Elizabeth's Time in a fair Dc- 
 fccnt, feveral of whom were Alen of Re- 
 putatioo,, and bore the Offices of Truft 
 and Honour proper to their Station ; for 
 William de Mering was Knight of che Shire 
 for this County in the zoth Year of King 
 Henry VI. and twice High Sheriff of this 
 and Darby Shires in the lame Reign, 
 in the nth and I7fh Years. Sir 
 -l>i I i
 
 NO <f TINGE AM S H 1 RE. 
 
 ng Kt. was alfo High Sheriff of the 
 fame Shires of Nottingham and Darby in 
 the aift Year of King Henry the Sevench's 
 Reign, and fi*th of King Henry the 
 Eighth's. After this the Line either fail- 
 ed, or fell into Decay, and this Lord- 
 fliip \vas fold to George Earl of Sbrewf- 
 btiry ; but is now, and has been for fome 
 Time, the Pofleflion of the Dukes of 
 Newcajlle, or their Heirs. 
 
 Scarle, or Scorueley, an Hamlet of New- 
 ark, belonging to the Bifhop of Lincoln, 
 as Lord of that Town and Wapentake. 
 The Vicarage here was anciently in the 
 Gift of a Prebendary of Lincoln, but now 
 the King is Patron of it. It is valued 
 in the King's Books at 5 A 2 j. 6 d. 
 
 Shelton, the Manor of Alji the Savon 
 before the Conquell ; but upon the Con- 
 queror's Division of the Saxons Eftates a- 
 mong his Normans, it was given to Roger 
 tie Rujly. Robert, furnamed de Sheltcn 
 from this Place, held this Lordmip under 
 Roger de Bujley, and from him the Sheltons 
 of this County are defcended. From the 
 Sheltons this Manor pafled into feveral o- 
 ther Families, till at length it came to 
 the Markhams, of whom Sir Robert Mark- 
 lam fold it to Sir Thomas Rennet Alderman 
 of London, whofe Pofterity enjoys it at this 
 Day intire and inclofed, Simon Rennet 
 Efq; being Lord of it. 
 
 The Re&ory of Shelton is in the Patro- 
 nage of Simon Rennet Efq; and is valued 
 in the King's Books at 6 /. 151. d. ' . 
 Sibthcrp, a Village of no great Extent, 
 yet, as we may believe, of a very fruit- 
 ful Soil, becaufe it was divided by the 
 Saxons into five Lorclfhips, which the 
 Conqueror thus difpofed of, viz* two to 
 Alan Earl of Richmond, two to WiH'tani Pe- 
 verel, and one to Ilbert de Lacy. Earl A- 
 tan's Part was held by the Family of 
 Muflers, who patted it to Robert de Sib' 
 thorp, whofe Pofterity obtained the Peve- 
 reJs Part. Lacy's Fee became the Eftate * 
 of Ralph de S. Paul, whofe Heircfs mar- 
 ried Sir Alexander Rofcn, whole Defend- 
 ants fold it to Thomas de Sibthorp, whofe 
 Pofterity having the whole Parifh became 
 very flourifhing and famous ; but Age 
 has deftroyed their Memory, fave that 
 we find, that there was a College found- 
 
 ed by Thomas de Sibthorp in King Edward 
 the Second's Reign. There was one Dr. 
 Sibthorp, Minifter of Rro-ckley in Northamp- 
 torfiire, who fignalized his Loyalty in an 
 Alfize Sermon at Northampton in the Be- 
 ginning of King Charles the Firft's Reign, 
 and fullered fi^hciently for it ; but whe- 
 ther he were of this Family, we have no 
 other Proof but his Name. 'Tis proba- 
 ble, that Thomas de Sibthorp being Lord 
 of this Manor fettled it upon his Col- 
 lege ; for it appeared, that when the re- 
 ligious Houfes were diflolved by King 
 Henry VIII. this College and all the Lands 
 belonging to it were granted to Dr. Tho- 
 mas Magnus above mentioned, and Ri- 
 chard Whaliey Efq; whofe Grandfon of the 
 lame Name firft inclofed it, then incum- 
 ber'd it, and laftly fold it, but to whom 
 we cannot certainly fay. It became in 
 Time the Eftate of the Duke of New- 
 caftle, whofe Truftees in his Abfence (be- 
 ing fled into France from the Parliament's 
 Power) fold it to Edward Whaliey Efq; a 
 Major General in the Parliament's Ar- 
 mies, and one of the King's Judges (as 
 we have before (hewn) who being for that 
 Treafon attainted after the Reiteration 
 of King Charles II. his Eftate was feized, 
 as forfeited to the Crown, and given by 
 that Prince to the Duke of Newcastle, who 
 had indeed been paid for it before ; but 
 being forced to fell it by thofe who made 
 Whaliey able to buy it, it was but a Re- 
 ftitution of his Eftate, which he would 
 have otherwife kept. But however that 
 happened, John Whalley Efq; Son or 
 Grandfon to the Major General, reco- 
 vered this Eftate by Virtue of a Mort- 
 gage, that the Duke had made of it to 
 Sir Arnald Waring, which is ftill kept on 
 Foot, and preceded the Purchafe of the 
 Duke of Newcajlle. 
 
 This Church, about the Reign of King 
 Henry II. was given to the Kmghts-Tem- 
 plers by Robert de Sibthorp ; and his Gift 
 was confirmed by feveral of his Heirs 
 and Succeflors. After that Order was dif- 
 folved it came into the Hands of the 
 Knights Hofpitallers of St. J-ohn of jFeru- 
 falem, and Simon and William Sibthorps 
 confirmed it to them ; but in after-times 
 Tbomas Sibthorp obtained it, by giving to 
 4 the
 
 NOTTINGHJ M SH I R E. 
 
 the Hofpitallcrs fome Lands, MefTiiages, 
 and Woods in Exchange for it, and fet- 
 tled it with other Eftates upon his Col- 
 lege, all which at the Diflblution were 
 given to Mr. Whalley, whole Defcendants 
 are the prefent Patrons. 
 
 Dr. Thomas Magnus, of whom we have 
 fpokcn at Newark, had his Houfe in this 
 Place in the diflblved College of Sibthorp 
 above mentioned, where by Reafon of 
 bis great Preferments, which his Eftcem 
 at Court and Servieeablenefs to the State 
 had procured him, as Ambaflkdor into fe- 
 veral Countries, Archdeacon of the Eaft 
 Riding of TCorkfoire, Sacrift of our Lady's 
 Chapel, and Mtifter of St. Leonard's Hofpital 
 at York, &c. he lived in a molt hofpitable 
 Manner. He died in King Edward the 
 Sixth's Reign. 
 
 Seirfton, Syrefton, or Sireflune, a Village, 
 which in the Conqueror's Reign had three 
 Manors belonging to Aylric the Saxon, 
 which that King gave to Alxn of Rich- 
 mond, of whom Robert de Mufters held it; 
 to Sbernecroc the Saxon, given to Berengar 
 dt Todeni, and held of him by Godwin ; 
 and to the King, called Tayn-Land, held 
 by Tervert. Henry de Mujlers became at 
 length Lord of this whole Manor, and 
 his Heirs enjoyed it for fome Generations, 
 but changed their Names into De Syrefton. 
 The Bifhop of Lincoln had a Fee here, 
 being ibmc of the Soke of Newark. The 
 Chapel of Sibtl>orj> had one Meffuage and 
 txvo Bovats of Land, valued yearly at 
 13 / 5 d, The Manor is now become 
 the Pofleffion of Robert Lord Lexington, 
 defcended from the Suttons of Averham. 
 Dr. Thoroton fuppofeth this Tou<n in Stoke 
 Parifh, bccaufc the Vicar of Stoke goes 
 thither, and ferves the Cure. 
 
 Spaldford, or Spalford, a Village within 
 the Parifli of Clifton, and fo Part of Roger 
 BnJ!i's Fee ; but the greateft Part is ne- 
 vcrthelefs of the Soc of Newark, and fo 
 belonged to the See of Lincoln. The 
 Knights Templers had fome Lands here 
 in the Reign of King Edward II. which 
 upon their Diflblution went to the Knights 
 Hofpitallers, and upon their Supprcffion 
 were given, 38 Hen. VIII. to Ckarles Sut- 
 tan and Richard Welby Efqs; and Tho-mat 
 Gent, and their Heirs. 
 
 6V 
 
 Staunton is Part of it only in this Wa- 
 pentakc, the reft is annexed to Orjton m 
 Blngham Wapentakc, where we have ta- 
 ken Notice of it fo much as concerns that 
 Wapentake. Of the former \ve ihall now 
 give an Account. The Manor before 
 the Conqueft belonged to one Tori a Saxon 
 who had many Lands in this County, moft 
 of which became by the Conqueror's Gifc 
 the Pofle (lions of Walter l)'Ayncouvt, un- 
 der whom Jeffrey de Staunttn (who took 
 his Name from this Place) held them, 
 and his Poftcrify at length became Lords 
 of it, yet held it of the Lords of Be hair- 
 Caftle by Caftle -Guard, of which there 
 feems to be a Remembrance in a Part of 
 fhc Buildings there, called $iauKton-Tov;er t 
 as belonging to this Lorufhip to guard. 
 This Family of Staitntom is 'not only very 
 ancient, and has continued long, viz. to 
 our Days, but has produced many of 
 great VVorth and Note ; for Sir Jeffrey 
 Staunton Kt. was High Sheriff for the Shires 
 of Nottingham and Darly in the Reign cf 
 King Edward III. and Thomas Staunton Efq; 
 bore the fame Office in the Reign of 
 King Henry VI. <uiz> in his 191)1 and a 7 tit 
 Years. William Staunton, who went with 
 King Charles I. to Edgbill Battle, where, 
 having behaved himfelf bravely, he was 
 made a Colonel, and put into Newark, to 
 defend that Garrifon for the King, by 
 which he much icflene-i his Eftate, and 
 his Houfe here was much defaced by the 
 Parliament Soldiers, who quartered in ir. 
 He fold fome Lands in this Manor to 
 William Cart-wright a Lawyer above men- 
 tioned, and his Trultees alfo fold others 
 to Dr. James Mxrgetfon late Lord Primate 
 of Ireland ; but his Son Harvey St^.tnton 
 Efq; enjoyed tire Manor, and was in Pof- 
 fcmon of it, when Dr. Thoroton wrote his 
 Antiquities of this County. 
 
 The Church here is a ReSory, valued 
 in the King's Books at 16 /. 13 /. 1 1 d. '_. 
 and the Family of the St.iuntors are, or 
 lately were, the Patrons. In the Church 
 are many Monuments for the Family of 
 Stiutntors, as Sir .Major Staur.ton on the 
 South Side ; Sir William Staunton between 
 the Church and North Ifle ; another Sis 
 Major Staunton and his Wife on the North 
 Sii[ei both the Sir Afaj^rs
 
 NO? f ING HA MS HIRE, 
 
 is drawn crofs-lcgged, to ' denote their 
 being in the Koly War ; as alib for Tbo- 
 vs.is, Anthony, William and Robert Stattntons 
 Efos; with their Wives, in other Places. 
 
 Stake by Newark, called in our Records 
 Stoiles, and Ejlofhes, was of old parcelled 
 our into feveral Manors under the Saxons, 
 which \vcie held by Tori, Turchill, Sber- 
 recroc, and other Sayons, and after the 
 Cor.queft by Walter Daincourt, lllert de 
 Lacy, Goisfrid de H^r.felir, Berengar de To- 
 deni, and others. Newark had aSoc here, 
 and the Bimop of Lincoln a Fee. In King 
 Johns Reign was a Family that took the 
 !Name frcm this Town, and had a Manor 
 in ir, and grew very famous. The whole 
 Cour.ty of Nottingham was committed by 
 that Kirg, Reg. 6. to the Care of Peter 
 de Stokes, during the King's Pleafure ; 
 Sir Robert de Stokes, and his Son Stephen 
 gave feveral Pieces of Land in this Pa- 
 rifti to God and the Church of St. Peter 
 at Thurgarton, as did many other Bene- 
 fators, which Roger de Stokes confirmed 
 to them, with the Lands in his Fee given 
 by others to it, 
 
 The Family of Stokes alienated thisMa- 
 ror to the Family of S. Lize in the 
 Reign of Edward II. Anno 9. and afrer 
 them to the Monteney's, 7 Edw. III. John 
 Bcfvilr, defcended by a Female Heir from 
 Sir John de Monteney, held a Manor in 
 Stoke, called Nether-Hall, which in the 
 End pafled to Robert Nevil of Ragnel Efq; 
 by the Marriage of Alice ^ one of the Co- 
 heirs of Bofvile, whofe Defcendant, John 
 NevilT^fq; fold it to Mr. Wightman, whofe 
 Pofterity now enjoy it. The Manor in 
 Stoke, called Overhaul was (in Dr. Thoroton's 
 Time) the Inheritance of the Hon. Ar- 
 thur Stanhope Efq; Son of Sir Philip Stan- 
 fope, firft Earl of Cbefte rfeld. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, and 
 the Vicar hath Work enough, (we wifli 
 he be well paid for his Labour) for bcfides 
 the Cure here he ferves Eljlon, Sirejlon, 
 and Codingtcn. The Rcftory and Tithes 
 belong to the Chancellor of the Church 
 of Lincoln, who is alfo Patron of the Vi- 
 carage, which is valued at 8 /. per Ann. 
 in the King's Books. The Lady Alice 
 f> taunt on, who died Anvo Darn. 1418, lies 
 buried in this Church ; in the Windows 
 I 
 
 of which are many Arms painted, as the 
 M-irkhams, Leeks, Hofes, Kdoretons, and 
 Lord Rojfes, with feveral others not 
 known. 
 
 Here was, before the Diflblution of re- 
 ligious Houfes by King Henry VIII. an 
 Hofpital dedicated to St. Leonard. It was 
 very ancient ; for Rilph D'Ayncourt in the 
 Keign of King Henry I, when he founded 
 the Priory of Thunrarton, excepted ten 
 Shillings per Ann- out of his Gift to this 
 Hofpital at Stoke. It had Lands in New- 
 ark, and feveral other Towns within that 
 Soc, given by feveral Benefaftors. The 
 whole Hofpiral, with the Site of it, and 
 all the Houfes, Buildings, &c. thereunto 
 belonging, except two Cottages in Stoke t 
 called Bede-houfes, where two poor People 
 dwelt, was given by Queen Elizabeth, the 
 30th of March, Reg. 18. to John Marfo 
 Efq; and Francis Greenham Gent. 
 
 Thorney, or Thrr.'Jhagh, was of old of 
 the Soke of Newark, the Bifhop of Lin- 
 coln's Fee. Fulk de Strange held a third 
 Part of this Manor in the Reign of Ed- 
 ward II. and in the next Reign, Reg.-zi, 
 Sir Thomas Bret Kt. was Lord here. The 
 Merings were afterwards Lords of it, and 
 George Nevil Efq; of Grove purchafed it 
 of them. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Church was 3 Joh. 
 given by Walter Clifford and Agnes his Wife 
 to the Priory of Brodholm, and the Nuns 
 ferving God there, who had alfo the Pa- 
 tronage of the Vicarage, and fo held 
 them till the Diflblution, when they were 
 granted to Edward Fiennes, Lord CUr.ton 
 and Say, and Rob. Tirwhit and his Heirs, 
 who had Licence afterward to alienate 
 them to William Mowifon Efq; as he had 
 to Roger Frape and his Heirs ; but the Ad- 
 vowfon of the Vicarage is now in Jt-hn 
 Difney Efq; It is valued in the King's 
 Books at 4 /. 7 s. 6 d. 
 
 Thorp by Newark was the Lordfhip of 
 Vhric the Saxon before the Conqueft, after 
 which it was given to Ralph de Limrjt, to 
 whom one Manfrid was Tenant. In King 
 John's Days Malger de Thorp was Lord of 
 this Manor. His Heirs enjoyed from that 
 Time to the Reign of King Edward VI. 
 when Sir Edmund Molineux, one of the 
 Juftices of the King's Bench, purchafed 
 
 it;
 
 NO TT ING HJ M S HIRE* 
 
 7 1 
 
 .it ; and to make it compleat, bought the 
 Lands which the Knights Hofpitallers 
 poffefled here, and left them all to his 
 Son and Heir John Molineux Efq; whole 
 Grand Ton Sir John Molineux Kt. Ibid it to 
 John Halfey and others. 'Tis probable, 
 that Robert Butler was one of thofe Joint- 
 Purchalers, who afterwards coming into 
 the Lord/hip intire made it his Place of 
 Residence, rebuilt the Church, which 
 was much ruinated, and left the whole 
 Eftate to Robert Butler his Son and Heir, 
 \vho is the prefent Owner of them. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Town v/as given 
 to the Priory of Havevholme in Lincolnfoire, 
 by Walter de Thorp, and confirmed to the 
 Prior and his Succeflbrs there by Mal- 
 ger de Thorp his Son , which field it 
 till the Difiblution of the Abbies , 
 when it fell into the King's Hands, as 
 the Patronage of it ftill remains. It is 
 now valued in the King's Books at 8 L 
 In the Church is an ancient Tomb for 
 William de Thorp, whofe Image in Armour 
 and Mail lies crofs-legged, and Margaret 
 his Wife, and in the Windows are the 
 Arms of the Thorps, Stafford*, BOUKS, Grey 
 of Codnar, and NeviMs. 
 
 Wiggejley, or Wigifille, is of the Soc of 
 Newark, and had for its Lords Hugh Bufly, 
 John Dive, and the Prior of St. Katharine's, 
 who all had Free- Warren there. In Ed- 
 ward the Second's Reign, Richard Ptres, 
 James Peres, and John- de Ely were Lords 
 of it. The Bu/y's Manor held of New- 
 ark- Caftle, and is now the Eftate of Sir 
 Rich.ird Earl. The Manor belonging to 
 St. Katharine's was granted at the Sup- 
 preflion of the Monaiteries ro John Eel- 
 lowe and Edward Bales,- and their Heirs. 
 
 Winthcrp, or Wyniundthcrp, or Wimble- 
 thorp, is alfo a Soc to Newark, and is re- 
 ported to be annexed to Newark, in the 
 new Charter granted Feb. 8. 1672, and 
 ib it iHJl continues, according to King 
 Johns Donation, who feized it as an 
 Elcheat, and gave it the Bimop of Lin- 
 eoln, to hold with his Manor of Newark; 
 as it has gone ever (ince. William de A- 
 vnundevil gave the Monks of Rujford Li- 
 fence to make a. Fifhing in his Land and 
 in Trent, between Wlmblethorp? and Mnf~ 
 i aad defcljrcd, all his tieir floould 
 
 know, that he gave it for a Sin he did a- 
 gainft them, that th~y mould remit ic, 
 and grant him and his Heirs to be Par- 
 takers of all the good that they fhall do. 
 The Church of" this Town, with fomc 
 others, was given by Walter ds Amundevil to 
 the Hofpital of Ellefiam in Lin&lnfoirc, 
 which was of his Mother's Foundation ; 
 and accordingly the Prior of Ellefoam 
 prefented to this Re&ory, as Patron, fo 
 long as his Hofpital ftood ; but at the 
 Diflolution of religious Houies it came. in- 
 to the King's Hands, and the Succeifors 
 to the Crown have ever fince been Pa- 
 
 trons. 
 
 Broxtow Wapentakc* 
 
 This Wapentake r which in 
 Book and other ancient Records is written 
 Brocttlftou, Brakeljhwey and Brockeljlowe, is- 
 fuuated on the Weltern Side of the Coun- 
 ty, and hath for its Boundaries on the 
 Eaft the Wapentake of Tkurgarton, on the 
 South the Wapentake of Ruf^iffe, and 
 Part of Darbyjhire, which is the Wcfteni 
 Boundary, being divided from it by the 
 Rivers Erwajb and Meden, and on the 
 North Hatfield Divifion of Bajfetlau Wa- 
 pentake. It was anciently for the grear- 
 ell Part of the Honour of Peverel, which 
 Hugh de Stapleford held by the Charter of 
 King Henry, the Son of King John r for 
 Term of his Life. We fuppofe 'tis now 
 in the Crown, and under the Government 
 of the Sheriff and his Bailiffs, as it was 
 in the Reigns of King Henry III. and King. 
 Ed-ward I. The only Market-Town in this- 
 Wapentake is 
 
 MANSFIELD, or Manns field, and 
 Maunefeld, which was King Ed-ward the- 
 Confcffor's Demefne, and had a very 
 large Soke, extending to Warfop, Clur.e f 
 Carberton, Clumber, Buteby, Tureshy, Thorp r 
 Sccteby, Rounton, Edenejtoiu, Grymejton, Eche- 
 vir.g, Mapetieky. Beftbcrp,, Cxrentune, Schi- 
 tiKgton,. CarentoKy Raneby, Bodmefcil,. and 
 the Wapentake then called Wardebek, ^and? 
 afterwards Ofwardbec, which is long fince 
 fwallowed up in the VW pen takes- of B.rjJ~ef~ 
 Ian, Bnxtoviy and Thurgarton.- WiXfavnt 
 the Conqueror by his fuccefsful Invafioi* 
 coming, into PoileiSoa of 'uheE?g/^Crownv
 
 ING HA MS HI RE. 
 
 became Owner of this ample Lordfhip, 
 which he left intire to his Son, William 
 Rufus, whom he declared his Succeflor. 
 
 King William Rufus being in Pofleflion 
 of this Dcmefne, gave to the Church of 
 St. Mary at Lincoln, and Robert Bloet Lord 
 Chancellor, then Bifhop of that Church, 
 for the Soul of his Father, his Mother, 
 and his own, among other Churches, this 
 of Maunsfeld, and the Chapels in the 
 Berewics or Hamlets of Skigeby and Su- 
 *, which lie to the faid Manor, with 
 the Lands, Tithes, and all Things that 
 belonged to the faid Church in the Time 
 of King Edward the Confeflbr. This Gift 
 \vas made the Day after Archbifhop^w- 
 felm was made the King's Liege-man. 
 
 In the Reign of King Stephen, the Con- 
 troverfy between that King and the Em- 
 prefs Maud, Daughter of King Henry I. 
 about the Right to the Crown, running 
 very high, Rar.ulph de Gernon Earl of 
 Chefler was a fierce Champion for the lat- 
 ter ; but being unfortunate in his At- 
 tempts, and being feveral Times taken 
 Prifoncr, and hasdly ufcd, he at length 
 fubmirted to the King, and gave fo good 
 Proofs of his fincere Return to' his Sub- 
 ieftion, that the King received him into 
 his Favour, and by his Special Charter 
 granted him, among other Eftates and 
 LordftiJps, the Town of Maunesfeld, with 
 its Appurtenances, the Wapentake of Of- 
 tvarnbec, and all the Lands of Roger de 
 Bujli, with the whole Honour of BIythe, 
 which his Poftcrity for feveral Succef- 
 fions enjoyed, till John Earl of Chejter, 
 in the Reign of King Henry III. Ann. 28. 
 dying without Iflue left his four Sifters, 
 Dervorgil, Cbriftian, Ifabel, and Ada, Heirs 
 of his Honour and Eftate ; but becaufe 
 his Earldom was a Palatine, and on thar 
 Account endowed with fuch regal Prero- 
 gatives and Po.wcr, as to reftrain the 
 King if he became exorbitant, the King 
 would not permit them to have it, but 
 aflumed it into his own Hands, Ne tarn 
 trxclara Dominatio inter Colos Fxminarum di- 
 vidi contirrgeret. 1. C. Left fo fair a Dominion 
 fooiild be divided among Women ; yet gave 
 them Lands anfwcrable to their feveral 
 Shares, and particularly to Ada. t who was 
 
 married to Henry Hajtingi, the Manor 
 and Soke of this Town of Mansfield^ v'tz. 
 Woodhoufe, Sutton, and Nettlewortb, as alfo 
 the Manor and Sok of Ofaardhec ; but he 
 proving forward in aflifting and helping the 
 Dauphin and rebellious Barons againft the 
 King, this Manor, with his other Eftate was 
 fcizcd and given to John Com'tn Earl of 
 Boghan, and after him to his Kinfman 
 Jchn Com'tn ', but Oftvardbec was ftill con- 
 tinued in the Family of the Hajtings* 
 
 In this Interval the Inhabitants of this 
 Town, endeavouring to promote the pub- 
 lick Good of their Townfhip, did, i Job. 
 pay that King fifteen Marks, that tney 
 might for the future enjoy Common of 
 Pafture in Clipflon-Park, as they were wont 
 to have it before the Park was inclofed ; 
 and again, upon their Petition to his Suc- 
 ceflor and Son, King Henry III. obtained 
 a Grant, that they and their Heirs fliould 
 have a Market at his Manor of Manf- 
 feld, and commanded the Sheriff accord- 
 ingly. It feems that the Townfmcn gave 
 the King at that Time five Marks for his 
 Charter to have a Market there weekly 
 on Monday ; but the Day was altered not 
 long after, as we lhall hereafter Ihew. 
 Further, it appears by fome Records, 
 bearing Date 14 Hen. III. that the People 
 of Maunsfeld had the Privilege to have 
 Houfebote and Haybote out of the King's 
 Forrcft of Slirewood. 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward II. Ar.no 
 12. John de Hajlings, the Son and Heir 
 of the above mentioned Henry, peti- 
 tioned that King concerning the Manors 
 of Mansfeld) Ofiualdbek, and Leirton in this 
 County, which King Henry III. that King's 
 Grandfather, had given to Henry Ha/tings 
 his Grandfather, and Ada his Wife in the 
 twenty- fecond Year of his Reign, but 
 could not obtain them, becaufe Ifabel the 
 Queen claimed the Manor of Mansfield, 
 with the Soke belonging to it, and there- 
 in View of Frank-Pledge, and Emenda- 
 tion of the A(fizc of Bread and Ale bro- 
 ken, as alfo Pillory, Tumbrel, Gallows, 
 Wreck, Weifc, and a Market every 
 Tburfday throughout the Year. Yet at the 
 fame Time Anthony Beck Dean of Lincoln 
 pleaded, that he was Parfon of Marafeld 
 
 in
 
 NO TTINGHA M SHIRE. 
 
 to bear on the Bend thereof the upper 
 Half of a Red Lion, (depi&ed as the 
 Arms of Scotland are) pierced thro* the 
 Mouth with an Arrow, which that Noble 
 Family bears -to this Day, created him 
 
 in Right of his Deanery, and had divers 
 Tenants belonging to his Parfonage, and 
 that he and his Predcceflbrs, Deans of 
 Lincoln, ufed to have the Afiiie of Bread 
 and Ale : How the Controverfy ended 
 
 we find not. Under the Queen, in the by Letters Patents Duke of Norfolk, 
 
 latter End of the Reign of King Edward fettled on him, among divers other Ma- 
 
 III. Sir Richard de la Vache Kt. held this nors, this of Mansfield, with Mattnefeld- 
 
 Lordfliip of Mansfield, and had a Rent JVoodhoufe, and other Towns belonging to 
 
 of Affise of the Freeholders, and Perqui- that Soke, to be held by the Service of 
 
 fites of the Court ; but he had it only for one Knight's Fee ; but it fecms that the 
 
 Life, for in the next Reign, Queen Ifabel fame King fome Time after exchanged 
 
 being then dead, King Richard II. Anno them with the Duke for fomc others, m- 
 
 Reg. 2. committed the Cuftody of this fomuch that now this Manor is the In- 
 
 Manor to Sir John de Burle Kt. and grant- heritance, and makes a Part of the Titles 
 
 ed a Fair to be kept in it upon St. Peter, of his Grace the Duke ofNc&cajHt, who 
 
 June 29. is Vifcount Mansfeld. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry VI. Anno Such as contend for the Antiquity of 
 
 ii. this Manor was in the Pofleflion of this Town pretend, that the firil E^r! of 
 
 the Widow of Sir Thomas Vagworth Kt. Mansfeld in Germany was born in this 
 
 and John Inglefeld was her Son and Heir ; Town, was prefent with our King Arthur 
 
 i)ut it feems that foon after it became at the Celebration of the Feaft called, The 
 
 vetted in the Crown, for King Henry VI. Round Table, and that either this Place 
 
 Reg. 31. granted this Manor of Mansfield gave Name to Mansfield in Germany, or 
 
 and that of Lindeby to Edmund Earl of derived its Name from it. Thefe Per- 
 
 Rlcbmond his Brother, and Jafper Earl of fons alfo hold, that the Family of Graves 
 
 Pembroke. Henry Earl of Richmond was 
 Son and Heir of the faid Edmund, and 
 Afterwards obtained the Crown by the Ti- 
 tle of King Henry VII. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry VIII. An- 
 
 fetch their Pedigree from the Graves of 
 Count Mansfeld. Strange Romantick Sto- 
 
 ries : which mould not have obtained any 
 Room in our Hiftory, had we had them 
 not fet down to our Hand by fo grave 
 
 no 6. Thomas Howard, then only Earl of and judicious a Writer as Mr. Cambden. 
 Surrey, but foon after made Duke of Nor- 'Tis much more certain, that our Kings 
 folk, being appointed to defend the Bor- were formerly wont to retire to this 
 ders againft Scotland in the King's Ab- Town for their Pleafure, to hunt in the 
 fence at the Siege of Terouen and Tournay, Forreft of Shir-wood, which will fully ap- 
 which were then taken, was greatly pro- pear from the very Words of an old In- 
 voked by the Scotch King, James IV. who quifition, in which it is faid, That Henry 
 had invaded England, and took Norham Fauconbevge held the Manor of Caker.ey in 
 Caftle, before the Earl could get to his this County by Serjeanty, for fhooing the 
 Poll to prevent it; and therefore refot- King's Horfe when he came to Mansfie Id. 
 ving to beat back the Scots, marched a- And that the Game might be the better 
 gainft them with all Speed, and brought preferved for the King's Ufe, the heredi- 
 them to a Battle in a Plain near Flodden- tary Forrefters, or Keepers of this For- 
 Hills, called Flodden-Field, in which himfelf reft of Shlrwood, were Men in their Time* 
 and his Sons, who led the Army, behaved of high Eftirnation, viz- Sir Gerrard <b 
 themfelves with that Bravery and Con- NormanvlHe at the Time of the Conquclt ; 
 duft, that they utterly routed the Scots, the Cauz.es and ftirkins, by whafe Heireii 
 and flew their King. For this memora- it came to the Everingbams, of which Fa- 
 ble Service King Henry at his Return mily Sir Adam E'jeringham was fummoned 
 made this Earl a fpecial Grant, to him- to Parliament in the Reigns of King Eii- 
 felf and the Males of his Body, of An ward It. and King Edward III. They had 
 ,honourable Augmentation to his Arms, their Seat at Lexlngtan t or Laxton, and
 
 NO? f IN G H A M S HI R E. 
 
 74 
 
 \tpon Failure of Male Jflue, their Heirs 
 married into the Families of the Suttons 
 of Averbam and Markbam t very ancient 
 Houies in this County. 
 
 In a Parchment Forreft-Book, written 
 in or about the Year 1520, or 1533, cer- 
 tain Cuftoms of this Manor of Mansfeld 
 aic thus defcribed. Be it bad In Mind, 
 That the Town of Maunsfeld-Woodhoufe 
 was burned on the Saturday next after tbe 
 Feajl of the Exaltation of tbe Holy Crofs, Sept. 
 14. in tie Tear of our Lord, MCCCITII. 
 And tbe Kirk- Sternly with ibe Bells of tbe 
 fame, for tbe Stepul was afore of Tymber 
 fVerke, and Part of tbe Kirk was burnt. Af- 
 ter which thefe leveral Heads of the Cu- 
 ftoms of the Manor follow, -which are 
 worth our Notice, viz* 
 
 i. That the Teriants be all free of 
 Blood, and lawfully may marry them- 
 felves after (or according to) their Wills, 
 as well Men as Women. 
 
 i. That the Heirs, as foon as they be 
 born, be of full Age. 
 
 3. That Lands be partible between 
 Sons, and if there be no Son, among 
 Daughters, and the like. 
 
 This Town is now a large wcH-buflt 
 Town, and drives a great Trade in Malt. 
 The Market, which was at firft eftablifh'd 
 'on Mondays, is kept now on Tburfdays 
 weekly, and is wefi flocked with Corn, 
 Cattle, and other marketable Goods. Some 
 of the Houfcs are of eminent Ndte, as i. 
 Sir John Z%6y's, who hath his Refidence 
 here. He inherits the Eftate of Sir Ro- 
 lert PIutnptoK, who held a Bovate of Land 
 in ^ Mansfield Woodboufe, called Woolf-bunt 
 Land, by the Service of winding an Horn, 
 and driving or frighting the Wolves rn 
 tne Forreft of Sblrcu-ccd 2. S?r Witiidm 
 WiUougbbf's. Bar. who had the Hou'fe 
 which Sir Tbomas Bhck-well built, which 
 is now Mr. Will'mm Plnkney's, who made 
 a Park about it towards Sblrbrccke and 
 Warfop in 1673. 3- ^ r ' Wi/ttam Clarkfcn's 
 of Kir ion, Mr. Ricbard Neat**, and divers 
 others. 
 
 This Town hath been the Birth-Pi ace 
 of Tome Perfons of great Merit. 
 
 William of Mansfeld, a Dominican Friar, 
 who for hiV Skill in Logicks, Ethicks, 
 and Metaphyficks, was highly applauded 
 
 in the Age he lived in, infbmuch, rh-at: 
 Leander Bononienjts, a learned Foreigner, 
 under -the miftaken Name of Majfetus, 
 calls him, Inditas Theolcgi<e Profeflor. He 
 defended Tbomas Aquinas againft Heurtms 
 Gandavenfis, (tho' both of them were dead 
 long before) and got himfelf great Cre- 
 dit thereby. Bah faith of him, That he 
 did ftrow Branches of Palms before 
 Cbrift's Afs ; which if fo^ Dr, Fuller fays, 
 he was well employed. He flourifli'd in 
 1320. 
 
 Dr. William Cbappel, born and educa- 
 ted in Grammaticals here, bred up in 
 Arts and Sciences in CbriJl's-Cottege, Cam- 
 bridge, Dean of CaJJels, Provoft of the 
 College of the Holy Trinity at Dublin, and 
 at length Bifhop of Cerlie and "Ro$c in Ire- 
 land, He was a clofe Ramijl, and a very- 
 notable Difputant, but favoured Mr. Per- 
 kins and his Side. He got a Name of kil- 
 ling his Refpondent by this Accident. 
 At the publick Commencement at Cam- 
 bridge, folemnixed in the Prefencc of King ' 
 James I. Dr. Roberts of : Trinity-College, be- 
 ing Refpondent in St. Mary's, Mr. Cba-p- 
 pel oppoied him fo clofe and fubtilly, that 
 the Doftor, not being able to folve or an- 
 fwer his Arguments, fell into a Swoon, fo 
 that the King, to hold up the Commence- 
 ment, undertook to maintain the Tbe^s > 
 which Cbappel preft fo home, that the 
 King thanked God the Opponent was his 
 Subjeft, and not another's,, left he mould 
 lofe his Throne as well as the Chair. In 
 the Beginning of the late Rebellion in 
 Ireland he came into England, and having- 
 lived a very retired Life a few Years, died 
 at Darby in 1649-, and was buried at Bll- 
 tborp in this County. 
 
 Dr. 'Ricbard Stern, the Son of Simon 
 Sterne of this Town, who was < -trended 
 of a Family of his Name in fujfofk. He 
 was bred in Academical Learning in 
 ChriJl's-Coltetre, C a mi/ridge, bur was after- 
 ward Maftcr of J-efus-College, and Chap- 
 lain to Archbifhop Laud, with whom he 
 was prefent upon the Scaffold when he 
 was -beheaded, beii ^ a Prifoner in the 
 Tower, ai)d alloweci to attend the Arch- 
 bifhop. He obtained his Liberty after, 
 that, but having lolt all, lix'ed obfcurcly^ 
 till King Cbarks the Second's Reftoration, 
 3 when
 
 NO <T ? ING B4 M S HIRE. 
 
 when 'he was made firft, Biihop > of Car- 
 Me and four Years after, upon the Death 
 of Dr. Frewen, Archbi/hop of York. He 
 hath written a Comment fcy \\ ay;of Ser- 
 mons upon the io 5 d PA/*. Printed m 
 8, ,* 1649- ^nd a Book mmled, 
 Samm* Logic*, &c. L*nd. 16*6, in 8 He 
 <lied >* 13- I68 3> and was buried in 
 the Cathedral of York. 
 
 The Retory of the Church here be- 
 loncrs to the Dean of Lincoln, who is Pa- 
 tron of the Vicarage, which in the King s 
 Books is valued at T l. is. 6d Tnere 
 were in this Church, before the Reign of 
 King Ed<ut*rd VI. ten Chantries, the Lands 
 of which Queen Mary I. gave m Fee to 
 Chriftopber Granger, Clerk, the Vicar, and 
 William Wilde and ^ Chambers, Churc h- 
 wardens of the faid Church of Mansjeld, 
 bv the Names of the Governors of the 
 Lands and Porteflions of the Parifli Church 
 of Manns f eld, Feb. 24- . 4 6f 5 ?^ ^ ^" 
 to fuftain one Chaplain or Pneft. In the 
 Church here 'is a Monument for one 
 
 . . Blackivell, and m the Windows 
 
 thereof the Arms of the Pierpoints, Mann- 
 vtrs, Her*, Darcyes, Ferrers, bcfides feye- 
 ral others, not known to what Family 
 they belong. This is the only Market- 
 Town of this Wapentake, tho fituate al- 
 tnoft in the utmoft North Angle of it, 
 becaufe the Southern Parts of it he near 
 Nottingham. We fhall now proceed to the 
 Villages, and relate what we hud obfer- 
 vable in them, viz- . . . 
 
 Aldtfworth, AUefwortl, or, as it is in 
 Domefday-Book, Eldeurd, and Elle/worth, Part 
 of which belonged to Burton frptJMa 
 Stafford, and another Part was the Ma- 
 ror of the Saxon Alwln, and aiter the 
 Conqueft, was kept by William PevereJ, 
 vhole Fee it was. The Priory &lf** 
 ^Ifo had ia rf. Rent yearly out of the M^ of 
 this Place, and a Mark out of fome other 
 Lands, which were held by Robert de 
 Aldefwortk and his ^Pofterity. R^ard Ba- 
 ler in 7 Hn. VI. came into the Pofleihon 
 of the Aldtfwortb's Part, and his Family 
 flourimed here for feveral Defcents. This 
 Townftiip ofjaje hath been divided be- 
 tween the WdlougUfs o! Wey^f- 
 f carts of Nutbal, defcended from Si 
 vy WlllcttgMy and Sir Roger Afcourb 
 
 75 
 
 Algarthorp, or Algertborp. See Baftford. 
 Anjley, or Aurjley, and AnJley-Wcod- 
 boufe. Lcvenot the Saxon had a Manor 
 here before the Conqueft , which fell 
 to the Share of Ralph Etz-bubert, when 
 the Normans got Pou*eflion of the Ifle, 
 Ricbard, whole Grandfon Reginald took 
 on him the Name of de Anejlela, or 
 de Anr-fjlega, held if, when the Conquer- 
 ' or's Survey was taken. His Pofterity 
 , flouriflied here many Generations ; for 
 Reginald de Annejlela- , gave an Account of 
 ' the Amercements of the Forreft of Shir- 
 wood, ^^ Hen. II. This Reginald, at the 
 Requeft of his Father Rdpb, called Brito, 
 or de Bret, gave to St. Mary, and tho 
 Houfe of Felley in this County, and the 
 Brethren thereof, the Dominion and whole 
 Right of his Patronage to this Church of 
 Annejley in pure Aims, for the Health of 
 himfelf, Wife, and his Heirs, and the 
 Refreshment of all his Parents departed ; 
 which Gift was confirmed to the Canons 
 there by Jeffrey Archbifhop of York. Ralpb 
 Annejley had Seifin of all his Lands in this 
 County delivered to him, i Hen. III. and 
 in the following Year refigned his Office 
 of Coroner thro' Age and Infirmity. Re- 
 ginald de Annejley his Son, in the fame 
 Reign, paid for two Knights Fees in this 
 Town four Pounds. John de Annejley was 
 High Sheriff for this and Darby Shires, 14.' 
 Edw. L and fo continued five or fix Years- 
 together. Sir John Annejley was one of 
 the'Knig_hts of this Shire to reprefent the 
 People in Parliament, 50 Edw. III. and 
 Z Rub. II. as did alfo Thomas de Annejley , 
 7 Ricb. II. and another John, 8, 9, and 
 10 of the fame King's Reign ; and Tko~ 
 mas de Annejley was Lord of this Town in 
 the Reign of King Henry V. but it feems 
 that John de Annejley his Grandfon aliena- 
 ted this Manor, 14 Hen. VI. to John 
 JMaktuorth Dean of Lincoln, . 'and others. 
 Of this Family of the Annejleys are de- 
 fcended the Earls of Anglesey, . Sir Arthur 
 Annejley, whofe Anceftors fome Time be- 
 Fore had fettled themfelves at Ne-^port- 
 Pagnel in BHckingbamJhire, having ferved 
 his Majefty King Charles I. in his Troubles 
 with great Integrity, was on that Account 
 created, April 20. 1660, Baron of this 
 Kingdom, by the Title of Lord Annejley 
 
 -
 
 NO Tf ING ff^ MS HIRE. 
 
 of Neivport-Pagnel, and Earl of Anglefey, 
 and to his Heirs Male. 
 
 AnneJley-Wccdhoufe is a Kind of Grange 
 or Hamlet to this Village, and was the 
 Pofleflion of William Ford and Margaret 
 his Wife, 6 Ed<w. IV. and did lately, or 
 now doth, belong to the Duke of New- 
 tajtle. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Parifh, with the 
 Advowfon and Right of Patronage to the 
 Church, which is a Vicarage, did, before 
 the Diflblution of the Monalieries, belong 
 to the Priory of Fettey in this County, but 
 upon the Fall of thofe Houfes was given, 
 July r5- 35Ho7. VIII. with other Eftates, 
 to Richard Andrews and Nicholas Temple, 
 and the Heirs of Richard ; but was the 
 jrext Year alienated to William EoHes and 
 Iris Heirs, who, by Way of Exchange, 
 having the Licence of Queccn Elizabeth, 
 Reg. 18. made them over, with fome o- 
 ther Reftories and Eltatcs, to Reger Man- 
 vfrf Eftj; the Anceftor of rhe Duke of 
 Rutland, of whofe Eftate we ftippofe it 
 continues a Part. In the X^'indows of this 
 Church arc the Arms of the Annejleys, 
 Ckawortbs, Savages, and others, not known 
 or difcoverabie, the Supcrftition of the 
 late rebellious Times, when Men were 
 greater Enemies to Pictures than Pro- 
 phanenefs and Sacrilege, having fo much 
 defaced them. 
 
 ArnaU, or Earnhafe, which was a Ma- 
 nor belonging to Edward the Confeflbr 
 before the Conqueft, and pa fled with the 
 Crown to William the Ncrman. Here was 
 ft Family that took their Name from this 
 Place; for 22 Hen. II. one Richard de 
 Arnal, or EarnLile, gave an Account to 
 the Sheriff of the Amerciamenrs of the 
 Forreft. 'Tis probable, that this Mart 
 and his Pofterity held this Manor un- 
 der the King, and was the chief Man 
 jn the Place , from which h took 
 his Name ; but they held it rot long ; 
 Jor King jofa, Rep. 5. granted this Ma- 
 nor to Hugh de Neiil, and his Heirs, in 
 Fee-Farm' for I'Q/. and the Service of the 
 fourth Part of a Knight's Fee. This Fa- 
 mily of the Nevils held tin's Manor upon 
 the fame., Terms till the Keign of King 
 Edward III,.- Anno 41. when it was rranf- 
 iiprrcd to Humphrey Bohun Earl of Here- 
 
 ford, with whofe Daughter it pafled to 
 Thomas of Woodjlock Duke of Gtoucefter, 
 whofe Son Humphrey parted with it to Sir 
 William Foljamb Kt. from whom it came 
 by the Hajling's and Beattmtnts to the 
 Crown. The Townfhip after this pur- 
 chafed the Manor of King fame: I. for 
 the Preservation of their Cuftoms and 
 Commonage, it being within the Forreft 
 of Shirivced; but Mr. William Stanhope, 
 Half Brother of the Earl of Chejierfield, 
 his Heirs or Affignsy have the Dcmefries. 
 There is another Manor, which in King 
 Henry the Fifth's Reign belonged to Sir 
 Thomas Rempfton, and came afterward to 
 the Lord Ferrers of Chartley and is now, 
 or late was, the Inheritance of Samuel 
 Clu Gent. 
 
 The Church is a Vicarage, of which 
 the Earl of Devonfiire is Patron. 'Tis va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 7 /. 18 /. i d. ' '-. 
 The Reftory, having belonged before the 
 Diffblution of the Abbies to the Priory of 
 was' after in .the 
 
 Crown, till Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 41. 
 granted it to John Flint and William Jen- 
 kinfon, and their Heirs, at the Extent of 
 fix Pounds per Ann* 
 
 Attenborough, or Adenbotttog'h, a Church 
 rather than a Town, having but few 
 Houfes belonging to it, and no Fields. If 
 ftands in the Southern Angle of this Wa- 
 pentake, where the River Erwajl), or 
 Trcwis, which parts this County and Dar- 
 byfiire, empties it felf into the Trent, The. 
 Church ferves far Cillewell, Teuton, and 
 Part ofBramsote. Half of it in the Con- 
 quef 01 \sTimg was in CbilfeweH, and of the 
 Fee of Ralph Fitthubert, and coming ta 
 Qdo de Bdny wfts given by hhn to the Mo- 
 naftery of Lenton, then newly founded ; 
 the other Half was in Toxtojf, and of Pe- 
 verells Fee, from whom it pafled to the 
 Lord Gtey of Codnovre, who fettled it on 
 the Priory of Felley, having by a long 
 Suit of Law refcued it from the Claim of 
 the Prior of Lenton, upon tlie Condition 
 of paying forty Shillings a Year to that 
 Houfe, out of the Tithes ; and William 
 Archbifnop of Tork appropriated it to thtit 
 M on after y, a* it continued fill the Diflb- 
 Ititton of the Monalterics, foon afrer which 
 King Edward VI, Reg. 7. granted the
 
 NO fTlNGBJMSHIR El 77 
 
 Re&ory, with the Advowfon of the Vi- 
 carage, to Sir James Folejamb Kt. upon 
 the Condition of paying a yearly Rent 
 of eighteen Pounds. Mr. .Folejamb Kt. 
 his Defcendant fettled the Rectory upon 
 Cbe/?erfeld School, for the Maintenance 
 of the Matters, and free Teaching of 
 fome Scholars ; but the Patronage of the 
 Vicarage (till remains in that Family, 
 Sir Francis Folejambe having the Advowfon. 
 It is valued in the King's Books at 4 /. 
 6 s. 8 d. 
 
 In the Church are the Arms of rhe Ba- 
 bingtons, and Nevils, and Leakes impaling 
 with them; and upon a plain Stone an 
 Infcription for 7%omas Trowel, and Dionife 
 his Wife, with nine Children, Sons and 
 Daughters by her. He died May 2. 1535. 
 Henry Hanly Efq; who lies buried in the 
 Church ofBramcote in this County, hath 
 given 20 s. a Year for ever to the Poor 
 of this Place and Tottn, as appears from 
 a Tablet fet up in the Middle of the 
 Alms-houfe in Stony-ftreet at Nctiingham, 
 
 Basford, or Bxfeforth, a Village, that 
 anciently had many Manors in it ; one. 
 was Tayn-land, held by Aluilc before and 
 after the Conqueft, and others were te- 
 nanted by the Saxons, Aleivin, Safred, Al- 
 feg, and Alged, all of William Peverell's 
 Fee. Philip, Son of Safred, whofe Pofteri- 
 ty took upon them the Name of de Baf- 
 ford, gave twenty four Acres of their De- 
 mefne, with the Confent of William Peve- 
 rell, to the Priory of Lenten, and his Son 
 Robert confirmed the Gift. In after 
 Times John Orreby held one of thefe Ma- 
 nors, and Gilbert Orreby procured a Grant 
 of Free- Warren in it, and the Family of 
 Cockfieldt held another, which came after- 
 ward to the Taylboys and Aftottgbs. One of 
 thefc Manors went by the Name of the 
 Manor of Bafeford, which in the Reign of 
 King Edward I. was the Demefne of Wil- 
 liam de Cantilttpe, who leaving no Heirs 
 Male, his Eftate was divided between his 
 two Sifters, Millifent and Joanna; to the 
 former of which, who was married to Lto 
 de Zouclj, this Manor upon the Partition 
 fell, and fo became fettled in the noble 
 Family of Zonches of Htringwtrth in. N.r- 
 tbamptonfoire. There was another Manor 
 in this Parifh, called AlgArtborp t which was 
 
 held, 28 Edw. I. by Adam de Pannier an 
 John his Brother or Kinfman, but at 
 length became the Demefne of William de 
 Eland, who having his Refidence here, 
 and his Potterity after him, it had the 
 Name of Eland-Hall given it. The Hcir- 
 efsof this Family, Mary Eland, marrying 
 to Roland Revel, fettled it with her other 
 Inheritance upon Randal Revel, her Ccufin 
 atrd ncTrr Heir. 
 
 This Cinrrch of Ba<ford, dedicated to 
 St. LeodegarittS) with certain- L-mds, Tene- 
 ments, and Appurtenances thereunto be- 
 longing, was given by Robert de Bafiford, 
 the Sorr of Philip, to the Priorefs and 
 Nuns of Catesby in IXorthamftovfiire, of 
 which Houfe he feems to have bicn a 
 principal Founder, as h;s Son William was 
 a conftdcrable Benefaftor, and the Pri- 
 orefs of the faid Houfe had the Patronage 
 of the Vrcarage. By the Diflblution of 
 the Abb^cs both came to the Crown, and 
 the Re&ory, which was then in the Oc- 
 cupation ot Roger Wood, was by Queen - 
 Jizaketh, Jan. 8. Reg, 4. granted to James 
 Hxrdwicb, and his Heirs ; but the Vica- 
 rage is- in the Patronage of the Crown, 
 and is valued in the King's Books at 8 /. 
 I7/. 6-d. In the Church- windows are the 
 Arms of the Families of Motrnboufber, Felt" 
 jamie, CokefeJd, Lov:db.int, Annejley, Crum* 
 well, Strelley, CreJJy, and Leek. 
 
 Beskwocd-Parke, which is thus dcfcribed 
 in the Jtfquifition taken at St. John's Houfe 
 in Nottingham, 35 Hen. III. to be the Hay 
 or Park of our Lord the King, wherem 
 no Man commons. It is paled in, but the 
 Priory of Lenton had a Privilege granted 
 them of having two Carts to fetch dead- 
 Wood and Heath out of it,- It hath a 
 a fair Lodge in it, and in Refpe&'to the 
 plcafant Situation of the Place, and Con- 
 veniency of Hunting and Pleafure, ,thij 
 Park and Lodge hath- for 'many YetU's 
 paft been much defrred and fought for by" 
 great Men. Little Sir John Byron, a great 
 Favourite of King HUnry VITI. had it, and 
 after him, in Queen Elizabeth's Timey- 
 'Jlonas Markham Efq; a great Courtier, 
 obtained it, and (ince three Earls of Rut- 
 land, R&er, . Francis, and George have luc- 
 ceilively enjoyed ir, William Lord Wil 
 [ctighby of Parbam ba$ them now in Leafe. 
 
 Before
 
 7 8 
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Before the late Troubles the Park was 
 well ftored with Red Deer, but it is made 
 into little Clofes on the one Side, and 
 much of it has been plowed, fo that there 
 is now fcarce Wood or Venifon. 
 
 bert StreJIey, iz Ed-iu. I. and hath con- 
 tinned long in that Family, as it ftill rc- 
 mains7 fome Part of it being in Strelley- 
 Park. 
 
 f 
 
 The Church is a Reftory, and is or 
 
 -Beefion, orBeJlune t contained lately was in the Patronage of Mr. Strel- 
 three Manors in it, before the Conqueft, ley, or his Heirs, and is valued in the 
 held by Alfeg, Alwin, and Ulchel, but af- King's Books at 6 1. 2 s. 6 d. 
 forwards William held them all in his De- Blidivorth, Blytheworth, or Bludword was 
 mefne, and they came to the Family of the Archbifhop of Tort's Fee before the 
 
 Beaucbamps, by fome of whom it was 
 given to the Priory of Wymondley in Hart- 
 fordjlire. After the Diflblution of the Ab- 
 bies it was by King Henry VIII. 'Reg. 29. 
 granted, among other Things, to James 
 *Needham Gent, paying 5 /. 9 s. $d. yearly 
 Rent. He fold it to William Bolles, from 
 \vhom coming again to the Crown, Queen 
 Elizabeth pafled it, Reg. 42. amon 
 Things, to Benjamin Harris an 
 
 JMtrgan Gent, at the Rent of o /. per Ann. 
 As to the Church, the Priory of Lenton 
 got the Reftory appropriated, and the 
 Church to be made a Chapel only, and 
 Lenton to be the Mother Church, by the 
 Help of the Popes, Alexander III. and Lu- 
 cius III. whofc Letters they produced a- 
 gainft the Parifhioners and Vicar. The 
 Vicarage of this Church is in the Patron- 
 
 Conqueft, as Domefday-Booli fhews, and as 
 he ' had divers Privileges then, fo they 
 ftill continue here ; for befide the two 
 Prebendaries of Oxton, which have all the 
 Tithes here, the Archbifliop was allowed 
 to hunt nine Days in the Year through 
 the whole Wood of Blytheworth, which is 
 ^ out of the Bounds of the whole Forreft ; 
 og other and in that Wood of Blytbetvirth, the 
 d Robert Archbifhop, his Canons, and his Men 
 
 had all their Attachments without Wafte, 
 (fine guafto fays the Record) and had 
 their proper Forrefters and Ayeryes of 
 Hawks and Paunage. The Lordfhip is 
 intirely the Archbdhop's, who anciently- 
 held Pleas of Trefpafs made upon the 
 Vert of the Wood of Blytheworth, and re- 
 ceived the Amerciaments, but by what 
 Warrant we find not. The Prebendaries 
 
 age of the Earl of DevovJIiire, and is va- of Oxton are Patrons of the Vicarage, 
 '" * L " ----_- which i s now valued in the King's Books 
 
 at 3 /. 1 7 j. 6 d. 
 
 Bramcete, or Broncote, befides fome Parts 
 at belonged to the King's Manor of 
 
 lued in the King's Books at 4 /. 1 5 
 Henry Hanly Efq; whofe Body lies inter- 
 red in the Church of Bramcote in this 
 County has given 20 s. for ever to the 
 Poor of Beefan, as appears from a Tablet 
 in the Middle of the Alms-houfe in Sto- 
 yiy-ftreet at Nottingham. 
 
 Bilborough, Bilbtirg, or Belburcb, had be- 
 fides one Eovate, Soc to ArnaJ^ two Ma- 
 nors, which before the Conqueft were 
 poflefled by Aylrlc and UIJi Swen, but af- 
 eer were the Fee of William Peverel, to 
 whom Ambfofe was Man, or Tenant. The 
 Priory of Lentov bad two Marks out of 
 the Mills here given by Herbert de Bilbtir: 
 and Sitnou itz.~ Simon. Robert le Vavafor 
 was the conltant Owner in King Henry 
 the Third's Reign, and was feveral Years 
 High Sheriff of this Shire and Darbyjbire ; 
 but IflTue Male failing in his Defcendant, 
 Wllllnm te Vavafcr, this Manor came at 
 length to the Strelleys, by the Marriage of 
 Elizabeth his Daughter and Heir to Ro- 
 
 that 
 
 Arnal y and" William Pevereir& Fee at Wol- 
 faton, was divided into four Manors, held 
 before the Conqueft by U7dW, Godric, Alv- 
 ric, andLew/V, and afterbyWilliam Ojliarius, 
 (or Porter.) The Priory of Lenton had fome 
 Lands here given to it by Herbert . de 
 Brampcofe, and the Nuns of Sempringkam 
 in Lincolnjlnre had the whole Manor, 
 which they held till the Diflblution of 
 the Abbies, after which having reftcd in 
 the Crown fome Time it was granted by 
 Queen Elizabeth's Letters Patents, dated 
 July 14. 6 Eliz,. among other Things .to 
 Charles Jackfon and William Mafon, and 
 the Heirs of the former ; but the Lands 
 belonging to that Priory were purchafed 
 by Richard Handley, Yeoman, whofe Po- 
 fterity dwelling at this Place did enjoy them 
 till lately, Iflue failing in Henry Hartley, 
 
 Robert
 
 NO 1 
 
 Robert Harding, a Barrifter at Law, and 
 Kinfman to him, got Pofleflion, and kept 
 out the right Heir, Gervafe Handley of 
 Wtlfovd, till he died, leaving the Law- 
 Suit, in which he was engaged to reco- 
 ver his Inheritance, undetermined. 
 
 Sixteen Bovates of Land and four A- 
 cres of Meadow in this Parifli were 
 fettled upon Babington 's Chantry in Flaw- 
 fore Church, founded by William Babington 
 Efq; for a Warden and three Chaplains, 
 and their Succeflors for ever, to pray for 
 his- own, and his Wife Elizabeth's Souls, 
 his Father Sir William 's, and Margery his 
 Wife's, and the Souls of all them to 
 whom the faid Robert and Sir William were 
 held bound in the Sight of God. Thefe 
 Lands we fuppofe to be Part of Karr 
 Manor in this Place, which Sir William 
 Babington Kt. was feized of 33 Hen. VI. 
 Here" were alfo certain Lands belonging 
 to the Monaftery of Derty in Darbyjhire, 
 given at the Diffolution of the Abbies by 
 Queen Elizabeth to Hercules Wytham and 
 francis Thekejton Gent, and their Heirs. 
 
 Henry Handley Efq; above mentioned 
 was a great Benefattor to this Place of 
 his Refidence, where he alfo lies interred 
 in the Church ; for befides other Chari- 
 ties to the Town of Nottingham and other 
 Places,where we fliall not forget to mention 
 them, he left, for a preaching and refa- 
 dent Minifter at Eramcote 20 /. a Year, to 
 the Poor of the faid Parifh 5 /. a Year, 
 and gave alfo a third Bell to the faid 
 Church. He died June 10. 1650, and 
 hath left here an Example, to perpetuate 
 his Memory to all Ages. 
 
 Erinjley , or Erunnejley, is Parcel of the 
 Parifli of Greifley, but before the Con- 
 qneft was a Manor held by one Brun a 
 Savon, but made the Fee of Wittiam Pe- 
 vere/l by the Conqueror, and under him 
 held by a Family, who took their Name 
 from the Place, being called de Bri^Jley, 
 or Brunnejley, of whom Gilbert de Brinjley 
 was Lord of this Town, 26 Hen. III. 
 whofe Pofterity were Owners of it till 
 near the Beginning 'of the laft Century, 
 when Gervttfe Erinjley Efq; fold the Tene- 
 ments of this Manor 'to Gilbert Miliington 
 Efq; too well known for his being inftru- 
 . mental in fequeftring the Epifcopal Cler- 
 
 SHIRE. 79 
 
 gy and Gentry, and in bringing his Ala- 
 jefty King Charles the Firft to the Block ; 
 and the Dcmefne and Capital MefTuage to 
 Patrick Coik, and others. Some of the 
 Grand Sergeanty belonged to the Gretions, 
 and from them defcended to Mr. John 
 Middleton of Wannejley. The Prior and 
 Convent of Beau-vale had alfo fome Lands 
 and Rents here given them by Robert Vi- 
 car ofGryJley, by the Licence of King Ri- 
 chard II. 
 
 BroxtoWy or Eroculjtow, a Place in an- 
 cient Times of the greateft Note for the 
 Meetings of the People of the Hundred, 
 and other publick Affairs ; for which Rea- 
 fon 'tis probable it gave Name to the 
 whole Wapentake. The Manor here be- 
 longed to Godrk the Saxon before the Con- 
 queft, and was given after to William Pe- 
 verel, under whom it became the Fee of 
 Robert Fitz-William, and from him pafled 
 to John de Broxfto-Wy whofe Anceftors, En- 
 Jlachius, Gilbert, and Jeffrey , having got 
 Footing in it, left him Lord of the 
 Manor. His Pofterity held it to the 
 Reign of King Henry the Sixth, when 
 Henry Lord Grey of Codnot/re, died feiz.ed 
 of this Manor, Anno 22. After him Th-o- 
 mas Parker y and Joan his W r ife, Thomas 
 and Richard Whalley enjoyed it fucceflively, 
 which laft having forfeited it to the 
 Crown in the Reign of King James I. that 
 Prince gave it to Sir Philip Stanhope Kr. 
 his Heirs and Afligns paying an annual 
 Rent of 21 /. 4 j. Since this it hath been 
 in the Hands of Byron and Parkins, which 
 laft fold it to Thomas Smith, a younger 
 Son of Sir Francis Smith of Apby-folevile in 
 Leicejlerjlnrey who built and adorned the 
 Seat, and was knighted in the Time of 
 the Wars, but it was not long fince fold 
 to Sir Francis Topp, whofe Son Sir John 
 Toppes now enjoys if. This Village is at 
 this Time efteemed in the Parifh of Bil- 
 bcrough. Pbilif the Son of Safrid gave to 
 the Monks of Lenten, in Honour of the 
 Trinity, an Effort and three tilled Places 
 or A\ ongs, called Trucheretvell, Tborniwong, 
 and Copperodes in this Parifli. 
 
 Bulzir!/ t ' Bulewell, or Boh*yell r - with 
 the Wood and Park. Godric the Saxon 
 had this Manor before the .Conqueft, . 
 and then it was given to William Pe- 
 
 v>d/.
 
 80 
 
 NO 
 
 ING HA M SH IRE. 
 
 v rtll, frofn whom ic came, to the Crown. 
 &*eLen Cuff held it in the Time of King 
 Henry II u*d Pbify Mark the Sheriff in 
 \l\c lleign of King John, with the Advow- 
 frn of the Church, as did the Men of 
 Rafael I, 7 Hen. III. It is now got to be a 
 lind of Corporation, having the Perqui- 
 fitcs of their own Courts, and the Ap- 
 pointment of their own Stewards ; but 
 they (till pay 7 /. per Ann. and keep them- 
 felves Copyholders, to keep up their Cu- 
 ilorns and Commonage in the Forreft. 
 
 Bukvel-vood, or Rjfe, was an ancient 
 demefne Wocd, and Part of the Forreft 
 belonging to the King, till R'uhard Oyfel y 
 Commiflioner for KingJE</.vm/ I. demifed 
 .forty Acres to Thomas de Rydewalle, and 
 eighty ro Philip Willcttghby, Clerk, to be 
 inclofcd, and held for ever, to find three 
 Chaplains, two in the Church of St. Ka- 
 tharine at Co/ale, and a Third at Neiuftede, 
 to celcbrare Divine Service for the Souls 
 of the laid William, his Anceftors and 
 Succeflbrs. This Philip fold his Share to 
 William de Coffake, Clerk, who gave them 
 to .the Priory of New/led. Upon the Di- 
 folution of the Priories, this Wood and 
 Newjlcd Priory was granted to Sir John 
 Byron Kf. who imparked it, and in it 
 now is the Seat of William Lord Byron. 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, of which 
 Elizabeth Rfell is Patronefs. 'Tis now in 
 the King's Books 5 /. 6s. $d. 
 
 Chilleivell, or Chelewell, there were two 
 Villages of that Name, of which Ralph 
 Fitz-kubert had the Fee of the one, and 
 William Peverel of the other. Ralph Fttz- 
 Stephen, Tenant of Fttzhubert's Fee, paf- 
 fed fome of the Land of this Demefne 
 to the Abbey of Lerlsy in D.jrbyJI)ire, and 
 N rman de Adontfautrel, one of Ptverel's 
 Men, gave two Parts of the Tithes of his 
 Demefne to the Priory of Lenton, and 
 William Archbimop of York confirmed it. 
 The Family of Strelley held Lands here 
 from the Time of King Henry I. till Tho- 
 mas Poutrell married one of rhc KcireiTes 
 of John Stralley Efq; and by her had thcfe 
 Lands upon a Partition, which were late- 
 ly in that Family, Mrs. Poutrell Widow 
 Telling feme of the Lands to Mr. William 
 Sacbeverell of Barton, and giving the Ma- 
 nor, Tithes, and Demefne to Sir Henry 
 
 HunJake of Wingerwvrth in Darbyjbire. The 
 Martels had a Manor here alfo, which 
 pa fled by Heireflcs ro the Babingtons firft, 
 and then to the Sheffield*, afterwards 
 Earls of Maf grave, now Duke of Bucking- 
 hamjbire, who fold it to the Poutrells, who 
 thereby became Lords of both Manors. 
 The Lands in this Place belonging to Tter* 
 ley Priory were granted to Hercules Wi- 
 tham and Francis Thekejlon Gent, and their 
 Heirs, and the Fiftiing in Trent to Robert 
 and Hugh Thornhill Gent, and their Heirs. 
 Henry Hanley Efq; above mentioned gave 
 io s. a Year to the Poor of thisParifh 
 for ever. 
 
 Coflate, or Cottejhale, was a Bern Or 
 Hamlet of Olaveftw, now called Wollaten 
 in this'Wapentake, and Part of it William 
 Peverel's Fee, and Part Ralph Fitz-hu- 
 bert's ; the firft was the Pofleffion of the 
 Family of JMvrteins, and the other of -a 
 Family, who were called from it de Cof- 
 faie. Of this Family Sir William de Cof- 
 fale, S Edw. III. was a great Benefa&or 
 to the Priory of Newjlede, giving it this 
 Manor, to find two Chaplains in this 
 Church, and one in that Priory, to pray 
 for his own, his Anceftors and Succeflbrs 
 Souls ; and Reginald de Cotfale to the Pri- 
 ory of Thurgarton. In after Ages the Part 
 held by the Coffales came to the Willough- 
 ly's by the Marriage of Ifabel the Heirefs 
 of Roger de JAs>nein, and the Peverels to 
 the Skevineions ', but the Manor was veft- 
 ed in the Monaftery of Newjlede, which 
 being diflblved, while it was in the Oc- 
 cupation of Francis Willottgbiy Efq; was 
 granted to Purcival Bowes and John Jhioy~ 
 Jter Gent, yet the Wtlloughby's have a Seat 
 and Eftate here. The Monaftery of Dale 
 had a Wood of fifteen Acres here, called 
 Shartwood, which at the Suppreflion was 
 granted to Sir Chrijlopher Hatton by Queen 
 Elizabeth, Reg. 14. as was the Portion or" 
 Tithes belonging to the Priory of Felley to 
 Sir John Ram fey Kt. and Thomas Emerfon, 
 by King Jama I. March i. Reg. ^. Ri- 
 chard de WiDotfghby, i Edw. III. obtained a 
 Charter of Free- Warren for this Manor, 
 
 E.tjtwood, Eftewic, and Eafwayt, the 
 Manor of TJlfcbetel before the Conqueft, 
 and afterwards William Pevertlls. In the 
 
 following
 
 NO T 1 
 
 fallowing Times Henry de Grey of Codnovre 
 was Lord of this Town, and having re- 
 leafed all his Right of Common of Pa- 
 fturc in a Place called : Fnlivcod in this 
 Parifli to the Priory of Lenton, for the 
 Souls of his Anceftors, and all the Faith- 
 ful, whofe Example Ranulph Paskayl fol- 
 lowed ; the Priory got Fulwood intire, 
 and inclofed it. The Greys Intereft here 
 defccnded to the Zouches, and from them 
 by theWilloughby's and Stanhopes is come 
 to Dr. Plumbtree, whofe Son Henry is now 
 Lord of it. The Pafcvyls Lands became 
 the Tevereys of Stapleford, who gave them 
 to William Palmes of the fame, who fold 
 them to Mr. Henry Harrifon in 1668. 
 
 The Church is a Rectory in the Pa- 
 tronage of Henry Plumbtree Efq; and is 
 valued in the King's Books at this Time 
 at 4 /. 1 3 s. id. 
 
 Greyfeley, or Grifeley, where were two 
 Manors in the Saxon Times, held by Uljl 
 the Saxon, and given by the Conqueror 
 to William Pevereff. William de Grifeley 
 became afterwards Lord of thefe Ma- 
 nors, which his Heirs inherited a while, 
 and then Heirs Male failing, they pafled 
 by the Fitz-Raphs to the Cantelupes, of 
 whom Nicholas de Cantelupe, who founded 
 the Monaftery of Beau-vale, procured a Li- 
 cence to embattle his Manlion-houfe, 
 which was from that Time called a 
 Cattle. This Family failed in William de 
 Cantelupe, 14 Rich. II. and it was found, 
 that Sir William de la Zouche, defcendcd 
 of Millefent de Cantelupe, was his next 
 Heir, and fo this Manor became vefted 
 in the Zouches, who held it till, being for- 
 feited by William Lord Zouch t it fell to 
 the Crown in the Reign of King Henry 
 VII. who granted it to Sir John Savage 
 Kr. The prefent Duke of Rutland hath 
 this Lordfhip now, his Ancertor Sir John 
 Manners having purchafcd it of Sir John 
 Savage and Sir Thomas Savage, Lord Sa- 
 vage, the Anceftors of the Earl of Rivers. 
 
 The Church here is a V'icarage, the 
 jRc&ory having been fettled upon the 
 Monaftery of Beauvale by fome of the 
 Cantelupes. Arthur Capett Efq; is the Pa- 
 tron of it, and it is valued in the King's 
 Books now 8 7. 'j. 
 
 3. 81 
 
 Hardivick. See Kjrkby in AfiJUld aftci 
 
 Hempjlnll, Hemdejlndl, and in T>omefday- 
 Eook ll.vnfel, which is Soc to Hochenale, 
 and was given William Peverell by the 
 Conqueror; fome fmall Pares of it be- 
 longed to Greyfeley and other Places, but 
 the greateft Part was Strtlleys, and upon 
 the Divifion with Female Heirs, the Sa^ 
 chevtrells, who fold it to Afccngh, v/hofe> 
 Heirefs carried it ro Gervas Rofell and his 
 Heirs. The Willoughbyes 6f Wollaton had 
 an Houfe and fome Grounds here, which 
 are now the Inheritance of Mr. Shepherd. 
 
 HucknaU, or Hokenbale Torcard, was di- 
 vided into two Parts, of which the one 
 was William Peverelfs Fee, and the other, 
 which was the biggeft, was Ralph de Bit- 
 row's. Ofmond was Tenant to Ralph, and 
 was fuccecded by Jeffrey Tcrcard, v/hofe 
 Family continuing long here made the 
 Place to be diftinguifhed by their Name > 
 and called HokeneL.tle Torcard. Jeffrey Tor~ 
 card of this Family, for the Health of h 
 own Soul, his Anceftors and Succeflbrs, 
 gave to God, and the Church of the Ho~ 
 ly Trinity at Lenton, and the Monks fer- 
 ving God there, an Allowance of onfif 
 Cart, to go backward and forward, to 
 gather up the dead Wood of this Place, 
 and the Manor, with the Advowfon of 
 the Church, to the Priory of Newjlede. 
 Peverd's Part pafled firft to the Family of: 
 Greys of Sandiacre, and after by Greenhilf^ 
 Winkeburn, and Gonaldejton, to the Crumbe~ 
 wells, who fettled it upon the Priory of 
 Betiuvale. At the Diflblution of the Ab- 
 bres the Reftory, with the Patronage of 
 the Vicarage, was granted by Queen E- 
 lizabetb, Reg. 24. to Edward Downing and 
 Peter Afiton Gent, but the Manor the 
 fame Queen, Reg. 42. gave to M-ch.icI 
 Stanhope Efq; one of the Grodms of her 
 Privy Chamber, and to Edward Stanhope 
 Doftor of La-ws ; but now the prin- 
 cipal Part of this Townfhip is the Inho 
 ritance of the Lord Byron, as it was in the 
 Conqueror's Time, and the Vicarage, 
 which is n6\v valued at 4 /. 18 s. id. }. is 
 in the Patronage of that noble Family. 
 We meet with in old Records and Wiv
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 82 
 
 tings other Towns of the fame Name in 
 this County, as 
 
 HuclinaU the Durty, the Eftate of Cuth- 
 bert Lxngton of MidAleton in the County of 
 tFanoick Genr. who, d Hen. VIII. fettled 
 if, with other Lands, upon Chriftopher Fitz.- 
 Randtilph, who married one ofnis Daugh- 
 ters and Heirs. 
 
 Hxcknall, Huthwayte, or Howth<way.te> of 
 "which the Forreft- Books mention many 
 Efforts and Inclofures made in Fullivood, 
 aiow fo much decayed, that it is only a 
 great Common without Wood, to belong 
 to HaclinAll Hjowthwaite ', and at the Af- 
 fizes- at Nottingham, 28 Edw. III. we find, 
 that Ji.hn Son of Hugh Cole recovered his 
 Seifin of o-ne Meffiiage, a Carucate of 
 Land, and 20 j. Rent in Hokenafc Houth- 
 
 j a fmall Village, fwallowed up 
 By Lenten, of which in its Order ; yet 
 there are certain Clofes, called Kigh-Cto- 
 Jft, which are not in Lento-,!. 
 
 Kimlerlcy, or, as it is called in "Dom^f- 
 d<iy-Eeok, Chinemerley, was the Manor of 
 Awr the Saxon before the Conqueli, and 
 after of William Peverel, from whofe Fa- 
 mily it was in fome Years alienated, and 
 became the Demefne of Robert, who from 
 fihis Place was called De Kimmarle-f, whole 
 Son John palled this Advowfon and Ma- 
 BCSY after feme Entails for Life, to the 
 Pcicr and Convent of Beavale, and their 
 Succcflbrs. A Parcel of this Town went 
 with G-rlejl*y, and by the Cantilupes to the 
 Kotuhes of Hprixjpwtrib ', but being forfeit- 
 ed to. the Crown by William Lord Zouch, 
 l Hen. VII. that King granted it to Sir John 
 Saknge, who fold it to the Family of Man- 
 ners, now Dukes of Rutland. The Priory 
 J-ands at the DilTolution were given to Sir 
 William Huffey, and after to Mr. Morifon, 
 from whom they arc defcendcd to the^ 
 J.ord CT^/'S Pofterity, now Earls of 
 
 Jw 
 
 KtrUy in Etftfald, or as it is now called 
 in Apfehl^ was the Manor of Levenot bc- 
 ihrc the Conqueft, but was after given to 
 Ssifh Fitz,-buberb. Here was alib another 
 of Tayn-land, held by Ahric, bc- 
 the Coming of the Normans, and con- 
 te"mied to him by King WiUiurn. The Fa- 
 o State-Miles became Lords- of the 
 
 former Manor in King Henry the Second's 
 Reign, and held it to King Edward III. 
 Reg. 14. when Robert Stuteville having for- 
 feited his Lands, they came into th<? 
 the King'.s Hands, who gave this Manor r 
 with feveral others, to his great Fa- 
 vourite, John Darcy, whom in the Re- 
 cords of thofe Times he calls, fometime* 
 Coufin, fometimes Father, and at other 
 Times Nephew, giving him a Licence to- 
 make Parks of his Woods in many of his 
 Manors. His Pofterity enjoyed this Ma- 
 nor many Succeflions, and were Men of" 
 great Eminency fome of them ; for John 
 Darcy his Nephew was conftituted Juttice 
 of Ireland; another John- Darcy had the 
 Cuflody of the Tower for Life ; another, 
 or the fame, was made a Banneret by the 
 fame King, and another John a Lord,. 
 who tcaving only two Daughters, Eliza- 
 beth, married to jfames Stranffivays, and 
 Margery to Sir John Caniers, this Manor 
 and the Advowfon of the Church, upon 
 the Partition came to the laft, and was 
 inherited by his Heirs, who fold it to Sir 
 Charles Cavend/jli, and fo it is now become 
 the Inheritance of the Duke of Neivcajite, 
 or his Afligns. Sir Charles began to build 
 himfelf a great Houfe in this Lordfhip on 
 an Hill by the Forreft-lide near Ann?Jley- 
 Woodhoufe, where, being aflaultcd and' 
 wounded by Sir John Stanhope and his- 
 Men, as he was viewing the Work, he 
 refolved to leave oft his Build-ing, becaufe 
 fome Blood had been fpilr in the Quarrel, 
 which was then very hot between thcfe 
 two Families. 
 
 KirHy- Wocdhottfe, the Manor and Eftate 
 of the Family de Infula, who gave feve- 
 ral Parts of it to the Canons of Felley,. 
 which Reginald de Infula, confirmed to 
 them ; and moreover, with the Counfel 
 and Confent of Hawife his Wife gave the 
 laid Canons the whole Land, which was. 
 Ernulph de Woodhcufe's, from which Family 
 we conceive this Hamlet of Kirkly took. 
 its Name. 
 
 There is an Houfe and Demefne ap- 
 rtaining to it in KirMy, called Lang- 
 ton-Hiiil, from the Family of Langtons, to. 
 whom it was granted by the Ruddingtons,, 
 who had it from tber&rtKtt&jR Jeffrey de- 
 im w.s- feiicd of it 54^ Hsn. II, and 
 
 pert
 
 NO ? T INGH4 MSIIIRE. 
 
 in his Family it continued till Henry the 
 Eighth's Time, when Cuthbert Langton dy- 
 ing without IlTue Male, it fell to Chrifto- 
 fher Fitz- Randolph, by the Marriage of 
 Cuthbcris Daughter and Heir, in whole 
 Family it continued till of late. As to 
 the Lands in this Parifli, which were 
 given to the Priory of Felley, as is above 
 mentioned ; fome of them at the Diflb- 
 lurion were given, 56 Hen. VIII. to Wil- 
 liam Berners and his Heirs. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, valued 
 in the King's Books at 18 /. i j. 8 A. and 
 the Dtike of NewcaJHe is Patron. In the 
 Windows of this Church are the Arms of 
 fcveral Families, but unknown whole. In 
 the Chancel are the Arms of England and 
 France quartered, as alfo thofe of the 
 Dar.yes and Ade'wills, and one Monument 
 for William Coke of Trufley in Darbyfoire 
 and his two Wives. 
 
 Lenton was before the Conqueft an Hanv 
 let to Arnal) the King's own Land ; but 
 after William Peverel had the Fee of it, and 
 Part of it was Waftc, It takes irs Name 
 from its Situation upon the Lev, or Line, 
 & fmall River running by it, being called 
 Lenton, or the Town on the Len. William 
 Peverel founded a Monaftery here, in 
 Honour of the Holy Ttinity, for Love of 
 the Worfhip of God, and the common 
 Remedy of the Souls of King William the 
 Conqueror and Maud his Queen, King 
 Henry I. and Maud his Confort, and for 
 the Health of his own, and Adelina his 
 Wife, and their Children ; and gave it 
 to God and the Church of Clugny, Pontius 
 the Abbot, arid his Succeflbrs, Qpc. See 
 our Hiftory of Abbics in the following 
 Sheets. Upon the Diflblution of the Ab- 
 bies the Manor of this Town came into 
 the King's Hands, by the Attainder of 
 Nicholas Heathe the laft Prior of it, he be- 
 ing convi&ed of High Treafon, for not 
 acknowledging the Supremacy of King 
 Henry VIII. and fo far as we can find re- 
 mained in the Crown, till King Charles the 
 Firft, by his Letters Patents, bearing 
 Date Sept. 9. 4 Reg. did among other 
 Things grant it in Fee-Farm to Edward 
 Dicbfeld Salter ; and other Citizen: 'of 
 London, appointed Comrniffioners by the 
 tord Mayor and Aldermen to fell and 
 
 difpofe of certain Lordfhips, Lands, and 
 Tenements to them granted by the faid 
 King, did, by Indenture dated Nov. <J. 
 6 Car. I. for the Sum of 2500 /. paid to 
 Robert Batem an, then Chamberlain of Lon- 
 don, convey it to William Gregory of Not-* 
 tingbam Gent, and his Heirs, with the 
 Fair, Royalties, and all the Rents and 
 Services thereunto belonging, referx'ing 
 an annual Rent of 94 /. 5 s. to the King, 
 his Heirs and Succeflbrs, who by his like. 
 Letters Patents granted the faict refcrved 
 Rent to jFames Stuart Duke of Richmond 
 and Lenox, Reg. 13. who in 1650, for the 
 Sum of 1 460 /. fold the fame to John Gre- 
 gory, Son and Heir of the faid WiUiam f 
 and George his Son and Heir, the late, if' 
 not the prefent Owner, who obtained of 
 King Charles II. another Fair to be kept 
 every Year on Wednefday next afcer Whit- 
 funtide, and fix feveralDays following ; but 
 the Dcmefbe of this Ab.ey was granted 
 to William (afterwards Sir William) Hicks t 
 June 20. 2 jFac I. but befides this chief 
 Manor of Lenton, thcrewas a lelTer Lordfhip 
 called Elm-manor, which, 33 Hen. VI. was 
 the Eftate and Demefne of Sir Wtllltnt 
 Babington Kt. who left it to his Son and 
 Heir William Babington Efq; and his Heirs, 
 and their Pofterity. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Parifh was given 
 to this Priory by William Feverr! above- 
 faid, and the Advowfon of the Vicarage 
 was in the Prior and Convent, till the 
 Diflblution ; but fince they are in the 
 King's Hands both, and the Vicarage in' 
 the King's Books is now valued ar 9 /. 
 2 s. 6 d. 
 
 Lindby had three Manors, held by three 
 Brothers before the Conqueft, which, by 
 the Donation of the victorious Norman^ 
 was brought to William Peverel!, whofe 
 Son William granted to God and the 
 Church of the H7y Trinity at Lenton, and 
 the Brethren ferving God there, this 
 Town, and whatever it hath in it, w'?. 
 Land, Woods, Meadows, and Failures, 
 with the Church of the fame Town, in 
 Exchange for fome Treaiures his Mo- 
 ther had given, and he by very great 
 Necefliry was forced to take, contrary to 
 the Command of his Father, and the A- 
 greement he had made with his Mother, 
 L IiT
 
 N.O ff TNG HA MS HIRE. 
 
 In after Times this Town of Lindly 
 became an Efcheat to the King of the 
 Honour of Fevered and King John gave 
 one Moiety of it to William de St. Michael 
 ofLcndon, paying yearly one Fur of Gris, 
 and the other to Peter Lettris and his 
 Brother, to hold of the Crown during 
 the King's PJeafitre. The King's Moiety 
 returned to King Henry III. and was from 
 that Time commonly in the Hands of 
 great Men, and ufually went along with 
 the Lordfhip of Maunsfield. The other 
 Moiety the Pofterity of the faid William 
 tie St. Michael inherited for fome Gene- 
 rations, till Laurence de St. Michael ha- 
 ving alienated it in King Edward the 
 Third's Reign to Sir William de Hameldon, 
 it pafled from him through many Hands 
 to the Streileys, and from them, by the 
 Marriage of a Daughter, to the Siave- 
 'J-ys. In this Interval fome Part of the 
 King's Moiety being fold to Sir JohnCrnnb- 
 wetf was given to Netvjlede Abbey, before 
 or about the Beginning of the Reign of 
 King Edward III. and divers other Par- 
 eels afterward, which after the Suppref- 
 
 fion of the Abbies were given by King 
 Henry VIII. with the Monaftery to Sir 
 John Byron Kt. whofe Pofterity yet en- 
 joy erh it, being now, or late, the Inheri- 
 tance of William Lord Byron. 
 
 The Church here was always a Re&ory y 
 yet held of the Priory of Lenton by the 
 Payment of a Mark of Silver yearly to. 
 that Houfe, who then had the Patronage 
 of it. After the Diflolution of the Abbies, 
 the Advowfon of this Retory was granted 
 by King Edward VI. Reg. 2. to Robert 
 Strelley and Fridefivide his Wife, from 
 whom it is at length come to the Byrons, 
 the prefent Lord Byron being Patron. 
 The Value of it now in the King's Books 
 is 4 /. 9 s. 9 d. \. In the South Choir of 
 the Church here is a Monument for one 
 of the Family of the Streileys, and on the 
 South Windows their Arms impaled with: 
 divers other Families. In a Window en. 
 the North Side are, the. Arms of the Fa- 
 mily of Deincottrty and in the Window the 
 Streileys again. In the North Choir Wall 
 arc twaGrave-ftones, with this Infcription, 
 
 Here lyeth George Chaworth Efq; and Mary his Wife/the 
 Daughter of Sir Henry Sadeverell Kt. late Farmers 
 of this Manor, Place and Demefnes of Linby, between 
 whom was IfTue three Sons and three Daughters ; which 
 Gforge dyed Aug. 2.2.. 1557. and Mary June 15. 156.2.-. 
 On whofe Souls God hath Mercy. 
 
 'jkfaperley, or Cornerswong, an Hamlet be- 
 longing to Basford Parifh. It fcems thefe 
 Lands "had been a Wood, called Basford- 
 Wood, but by the Abnfe of Tenants were 
 wholly watted, 15 Edw. I. However, 
 Hugh de Nottingham Clerk had them con- 
 firmed to him and his Heirs by Bounds, 
 p<r. from whom they came, in the Time 
 of Richard II. to Thomas Mapurlcy, a con- 
 liderable Man of Nottingham, who and 
 his Pclterity being pofTefied of them ma- 
 ny Years was the Occafion that they were 
 called Maperley-Clofes, and there having 
 been a Cottage or r.vo ere&ed, with fome 
 Barm, they go now for a fmall Hamlet, 
 called Mapurley. John Maptirley Efq; 
 ^ Hun. V1I1. fold them to John Byrons Fa- 
 ther ar d Son, who for an Hundred Pounds 
 jutfed the fame to Mr, Robert Stpfa of 
 
 Nottingham, by whofe Daughter and Heir 
 they are now gone to the xjtterneby't, and 
 from them the fame Way to the Blythes, 
 who fold them again in 162,7 to Robert 
 Staples and his Heirs, who in Default of 
 Iffue fettled them on Samuel Staples,, who 
 now hath the PolTeflion and Inheritance 
 for his Name's Sake. He hath built a 
 little Brick Houfe at Maperley, but hath 
 another at Nottingham. 
 
 Morton before the Norman Invaiion was. 
 the Demefne of Boni the Saxon, but being 
 in the Conqueror's Power and Difpofal, 
 he gave it to William Peverell his natural 
 Son. It is now fwaUowed up in 
 as Kighton above mentioned is. 
 
 Neillewcrth is an Hamlet of 
 in which William de London was pofSflect 
 of fqmc Lands, which he held in Ser- 
 
 jeamy,
 
 NO 2 
 
 jcanty, 33 . Ifcw. III. but dying without 
 Heirs Alalc, this Manor and his other 
 Eftate was divided between his two Si- 
 fters and. Heirs, Eva married to Walter 
 Bret, and Dionyjta married to Henry de 
 TyneJlawe^^i'yEdw.ll. How this Manor 
 defcended afterward we know not', till we 
 find William Wylde Gent, in the Pofleflion 
 of it in Qvicen Elizabeth's Reign ; of whofe 
 Defcendant,. Ger-vafe Wild, this is very 
 memorable, That having in his younger 
 Time been bred a Spaijlj Merchant, he 
 was fome Time a Fa&or in Andalufia, 
 from whence being returned, he was 
 made the Captain of a Ship in 1 588, to 
 go again ft the Spanifn Armada, where he 
 made ufe of Arrows with long fteel Heads, 
 to fhoot out of Muskets. He left fome 
 of them at his Houfe in this Place, where 
 he lived to the Age of 93 Years, and left 
 a. Son, William Wild, near eighty Years 
 old. Sir John Digby not long fince made 
 a. Park here. 
 
 Newftead, or New-Place, as it is a Mo- 
 naftery, fee our Church Hiftory of this 
 County ; but as it is- become a Village or 
 Hamlet, fince the Suppreflion of the Ab- 
 bies, fee Paplewick, in which Parifh it is. 
 
 Newthorpe, a Village, Part whereof be- 
 fore the Conqucft was Mlayn's, or Aluin's, 
 the Saxon's, but was given by the Con- 
 queror to Robert Earl of Moreton ; but the 
 better Part was Grunchel the Saxon's, till 
 King William I. gave it to William Peve- 
 reJl, .who fettled it on the Priory of Len- 
 ton. The Earl of Moreton* Fee in this 
 Parifh was annexed long ago to the Ho- 
 nour of Leicejler, and was held by the 
 Lords of Gotham ; but fcveral Parcels of 
 this Manor were given to the Priory of 
 ILenton by- Sir John St. Andrew, Beatrix de 
 Watton, and others. Afrcr the Diflblution 
 of the Abbics, the Manors, and divers 
 other Lands in this Parifii, which be- 
 longed to the Priory of Lenton, were 
 granted by King Henry VIII. Reg 37. to 
 John and George IWy/ie, who fold them the 
 lame Year to Mr. William BoUes. Some 
 Lands in this Place were given to the 
 Priory of Beau-vale by Robert de Taverf.ile, 
 Vicar of Greifeley, and Robert de St. An- 
 drew, which at the Supprcffion were given 
 to- Sir WiUtam Hn/y Kt, at whofe Death 
 
 they defcended to Richard Deifney and 
 Francis Columbett, who married Neil And 
 Anne, Sir William's Daughters and Heirs. 
 
 Nuthal, or, as it is in Domefday-Book 9 
 Nutehale, had two Manors in it, one of 
 which was Tayn-land, held of the Crown 
 before the Conqueft by one Alchil, and af- 
 ter it of King William by Aluric ; the o- 
 ther was William Pevere/t's Fee, taken 
 from the Saxon Aldene. Jeffrey de St. Pa- 
 trick was the chief Proprietor in this 
 Town, , and gave the Church here, 
 which was dedicated to St. Patrick, to the 
 Priory of Lenton. His Family flourifhed 
 here till about the End of King Johns 
 Reign, when William de St. Patrick con- 
 veyed his Eftate here to Robert de Coke- 
 feld, to hold it of the Family of Attfretov, 
 or Alfreton, whofc Anceftor Adam had 
 fome Pofleffions here before-, for he gave? 
 to the Priory of*Lenton an yearly Rent of 
 
 8 j. out of his Mill here, which Aga- 
 tha his Daughter gave wholly to that 
 Houfc. The Family of Cokjteld flourifhed 
 here for many Succeflions, from the Reign 
 of King John to that of King Ed. III. Reg. 
 33. when Sir John Cokfelds Heirefs Agnes , 
 marrying John Taylboyt Efq; carried hts 
 Eftate into that Family, .from which, by 
 an Heirefs Margaret, who married John 
 Afcough Efq; Son of Judge Afcotigh, it paf- 
 fed to his Family about the Reign of 
 King Hen. VI. Reg. 22. and continued in 
 it fome Time ; but at length was fold to 
 James Afgill a Merchant in London, who 
 by his laft Will ordering it to be fold, it 
 was purchafed by Mr. Slater, whofe De- 
 fcendant Mr. Richard Slater is thc-prefent 
 Owner of two Parts of the Manor, the 
 third Part continuing the Inheritance of', 
 Edward Afcoiigh Elq; a younger Branch 
 of that Family. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Retory, 
 in the Patronage of Richard Slater Efq; It 
 is valued in the King's Books at 3 /. 14 j. 
 
 9 d. \. In the -Church is a Tomb, on 
 which are the Figures of a Man, his Wife, 
 and at their Feet five Children, v.ith an 
 Infcription, fhcwing it to be. for E'cr.rr,i 
 Bonn Gent, and Ifabel his Wife, the Heir- 
 efs of Edmund Hutit Gent, who died, he 
 Decemb. 12. 1558, me July 13. 1562. In 
 the Windows arc the Arms of the Strel-
 
 NO ? TINGHA M SHIRE. 
 
 Jeys and Da;\yes, and divers others, -which 
 ure not known. 
 
 Papplewick, or, as it is written in Domef- 
 day-Book, Pappleuvic, fome of it was the 
 Land of the Taynes belonging to the 
 Crown, and held by Alfvric, Alfa, and 
 Elric ; the other Part was William Pevc- 
 re/fs, who gave it to the Priory of Len- 
 ton, when it was firtl founded; but Kin? 
 Henry II. obtained it of the Prior and 
 Convent of Lenten, by Exchange for So 
 Acres of Efforts in Curtenbale in Nor- 
 thamptonfiire , and Blaccliff-Mill. That 
 King being thus in Poflcffion of this 
 Town of Papplewick founded a Priory for 
 Canons Regular of the Order of St. Au- 
 nfiini in Shirwood-Forreft, giving it the 
 Jiame of Newjread, or New-Place, and 
 gave it to this Town < . Papplewick, and 
 the Church of the fame* with a Mill and 
 Meadow there, &c. but of that we lhall 
 fay no more till we come to our Church 
 Hi'ftory. After the Diflfolution of the 
 Priory this Manor, with the Church 
 and Lands adjoining, was given by King 
 Henry VIII. Reg. $2. to Sir John By- 
 ron, who made it his principal Seat, as 
 It ftill continues, to his Family, which is 
 descended from Ralph de Enron, or Byron, 
 who was a wealthy and great Man in the 
 Conqueror's Reign, when Domefday-Book 
 Y..IS made ; in which he is faid to have 
 had divers Manors in this Shire, called 
 ' nhamfcire and Derbyfcire. His De- 
 fccndants all along fiom that Time have 
 been Men of Note and Figure, the Male 
 Line never intirely failing, and in thefe 
 latter Ages have arrived at an higher 
 Degree of honour and Truft ; for Sir 
 Join Byron Kt. in the Reign of .King 
 Henry VII. was made Conftablc of Not- 
 />,;//.*/ Caftle, and Steward and Warden 
 of Shirwood Forreft, and his Grandlbn Sir 
 John Byron was Steward of Manrhefler and 
 Raddale, and Lieutenant of the Forreft 
 of Sl-irfwood; and in KingCharles the Firft's 
 Reign another Sir John Byron, having fig- 
 naliy.cd his Loyalty to that good Prince, 
 by afllfting him againft his rebelliousSub- 
 jcKs with all his Intereft and utmoft Fi- 
 delity, was by him created a Baron, by 
 the Title of Lord Byron of Rochdale in. 
 
 Lancajhire, which Honour ftill continues 
 in the Name and Family, William Byron 
 being now Lord Byron, and having Iflue 
 George and Elizabeth, both in their Mi- 
 nority. 
 
 Radford, or Redeford, the Manor of Alv- 
 ric in the Confeflor's Days, but given to 
 William Peverel by the Conqueror. Here 
 was fome Tain-land, which was held by 
 Wvod the Saxon. William Peverel gave 
 his Pofleflions in this Town to the Mo- 
 naftery he had founded at Lenton, with 
 which it hath ever gone fince the Diflb- 
 lution of the Abbies. In this Pariih is 
 an Houfe, called Afpley-iuood Hall, proba- 
 bly becaufe it ftands near Afpley-<wood t 
 which was in Queen Elizabeth's Reign 
 the Seat of Mr. Thomas Blythe, whofe Fa- 
 mily is mentioned in Mapurley above. 
 
 The Church is a Vicarage, of which 
 the King is Patron. It is valued in the 
 King's Books at 3 /. 9 s. $d. 
 
 Selfton, or, as it is written in Domefday- 
 Book, Saleftone and Saliftune, had three 
 Manors before the Conqueft, which W- 
 mer, Gladain, and ~UIuric held. One of 
 them became afterwards the Fee of Wil- 
 liam Peverell, under whom Ralph Fttz-hu- 
 bert held if. Nicholas de Cantelupe hath 
 that Part of Peverell's Fee where the 
 Church was, and gave it to the Priory of 
 Beam-ale at the firft Foundation. Hugh 
 Fitz-Ralph, Heir to Fitz-hubert, for the 
 Love of God, and Health of his Soul, 
 and thofe of his two Wives, Agnes and 
 Idonea, gave to God and the BleiTed Mary 
 in Stanley-Park, and the Canons of the 
 Order ot the Prtmonflratenfes there ferving 
 God, fcveral Bovats of Land. There 
 was alfo in this Town a MefTuage, and 
 fome Lands, which belonged to the Pri- 
 ory of Felley. Thcfe Lift at the Diflblu*- 
 tion were granted by King Henry VIH. 
 Reg. 35. among other Things, to Richard 
 Andrews and Nicholas Temple, who had a 
 Licence the fame Year to alienate to Ri- 
 chard Greenebalge ofTaverfal, and his Heirs. 
 The other Land we fuppofe went along 
 with the Monalleries to which they were 
 given at that Time. 
 
 The Church here was in the Patronage 
 of the Prior and Convent of Beavvale fo 
 
 long
 
 NO TV ING HA M SHIRR. 
 
 long as that Houfc flood ; but now Sir 
 William Willottghby, whole Anceftor mar- 
 ried the Heirefs of this Manor, is the 
 Patron. It is valued in the King's Books 
 at 5 /. In the Church Windows are the 
 Arms of Va-vafor, C-reQy, and William Jay 
 Efqs; and by the North Wall of the 
 Chancel is a fair Tomb for William Wil- 
 loughby Efq; Son and Heir of Rotheram 
 WilloHgHy of Mufcombe in this County Kt. 
 and Anne his Wife, Daughter of Sir Ri- 
 ehard Worthy and Elizabeth his Wife, then 
 Countefs of Devon. He married one of 
 the Daughters of Timothy ^ r ey, who fet 
 up this Monument to hik^Jnory. He 
 died Nov. 12. 1630. 
 
 Skegly, or Schegeby, a Berew or Hamlet 
 of the Manor of Mansfeld, being ancient 
 Demefne of the Crown. King Jchn t Reg. 
 S. granted it to Godfrey Spigurnell, the Ser- 
 jeant of this Chupel, in Fee-farm, and 
 his Pofterity enjoyed it for fome Succef- 
 lions, paying z I. 14 /. i d. Rent by the 
 Year ; but Iflue Male failing in Edmund 
 Spigurnell, about 8 Edw. II. and Elizabeth 
 his Daughter and Heir marrying Thamas 
 Gabion, 3 Edw. III. carried her Eftate in- 
 to his Family ; but it did not remain 
 long therein ; for Thomas Gobion his Son, 
 and Eliz-ibeth his Wife, by Licence from 
 the Crown, enfeoffed Rid\ird de Penfax 
 with it, 8 Edv?. m III. The Potferity of this 
 Richard held this Manor above $r> Years, 
 and then, for Want of Male Ifluc it paf- 
 fed with ^the Daughter of Percival Penfax 
 to o'ne of the Family of LindJey in TCork- 
 fiire, in whofe Family we fuppofe it con- 
 tinucth. Here was alfo one Hugh a con- 
 fiderable O\vncr, who took his Name from 
 this Town, and was called De Skegby. 
 ^ ho, for the Health of his own, and 
 "Wife Mctttd's Soul, gave 4 d. a Year Rent 
 out of it to the Priory of Tlnirgarfcn in 
 this County. The Linleys were Lords of 
 Lords of this Manor in 1611. 
 
 SfaffefortTbettrre the Norman Invafion had 
 four Manors, held by iJlckilt, Staffe-n-in, 
 Gak-r,;, and G/.^irw, Saxons, who being 
 deprived of them by the conquering 
 Power, thev became the Fee of W>>. 
 PevereF, under whom R^fert de Hefiz he'd 
 His^ Son J-f$?e-^ living when the 
 
 Priory of Lenton was founded by JVilliam 
 Peverell, gave two Parts of the Tithes of 
 the Demefne to that Monaftory, as alfo 
 the relt of the Lands. Avici A de H&iz, 
 Lady of Stapleford, who married Richard, 
 de Cazmera, gave the Church here to New- 
 fed Priory. Jeffrey de Hertz and J-ol.n de 
 Staplefordy Brothers, joined together, and 
 gave two Bovats, and their Heirs fix more 
 to the lame Priory. The Family of Hf- 
 riz, continued here till n Edw. III. when 
 Heirs Male failing in R'ubard de Heriz, he 
 fettled his Eftate on RL-bard de Bnghton y 
 his Wife's Brother, and his Heir? ; bur 
 he dying of the Plague, the fame Richard 
 enfeoffed William de JVakebrigge, and others, 
 with this Eftate, to found certain Chan- 
 tries in the Priory of N?-jvftead y but he- 
 revoked this Deed foon afrer, and gave 
 it to his Siller Idonea, the Wife of John 
 del Furmery, who gave fv.o Bovats to 
 Newjlead Priory, and tl-,e reft went to- 
 her Heirs, \vlio fold them to divers 
 Perlbns. 
 
 The Lands, v/hich belonged before'thc- 
 DJflblution of the Abbies to the i'rio; ;- 
 of Ne-iff.^eadj came after to fcini Brc.ibe. -.!.>> 
 but whether by Gift or Purchale \ve can'^ 
 difcover. His Daughter and Heir mar- 
 rying Gervafe Jackfon^ by whom fhe had- 
 a Son George factfon, brought his Eftaro 
 into that Family, who are the prefenr 
 Owners. The reft of the Town is- divi- 
 ded among many other Occupants> of 
 whom Gervas Te-verey Gentleman is the 
 moft coniiderable; for he having man ied 
 the Heirefs of the Stapfrfords made rhis 
 Place his chief Habitation ; but having 
 only Daughters by her, fettled this Lord- 
 fliip on Tev?rey Palms Elq; his Grnndfon- 
 by his eldeft Daughter Mary, who was 
 married to Sir ~BrLin Palmes Kt. but he 
 dying without Iflue, it defcendcd to his- 
 next Brother William Palms, who imtfv 
 fold the Seat and D-jmcfne to A~ti ;<r IV.ir- 
 ren Gent, and the biher Farms to Mr.. 
 Burroughs, a Soap-boiler in Darby r and: 
 harh fettled hirr.^lt'-n . 
 
 As to the Church .;nd T;rhes, the Prior 1 
 and Convent of Lenttn p.iirc i both tlichr 
 great and fmall Tithes \vhich.they h-.cL 
 jn this Parifh by Region of the demesne- 
 
 - -
 
 NO T ?ING HAM SHIRE. 
 
 tands, which v/ere William Peverell's, in 
 this Place, to the Prior and Convent of 
 Newjtead in SHr-wood, for five Marks of 
 annual Rent ;, yet upon Condition, that 
 if the Brethren of Newjlead ihould lofe, 
 or be excluded from the Pofleflion of the 
 Church of Stapleford, the Bargain (hall he 
 void. Whether this Agreement took Ef- 
 fcQt or no, \ve know not, and 'tis need- 
 -lefs to inquire, fince by the Diflblution of 
 
 the Monaiter-Jes they came into the King's 
 Hands, and 'tis probable came after to 
 .Mr. Brcdkentf, whole Heir Mr. jFad'fon, 
 
 the prcfent Owner of what belonged to 
 the Priory of Newftede, is, and fo is con 
 
 , JVquently Patron of the Vicarage, which 
 
 vas given to that Houfe, as is above laid. 
 
 In the Church here there are two fine 
 
 Monuments, the one on the South Wall 
 
 .far John Tevtry, fctting 'forth his Love of 
 his Friends, (jenerofity to the Poor, his 
 Affability, Beneficence, Studioufnefs, and 
 wife Management of his Eftate, and that 
 having no Children then alive, his Wife, 
 the Daughter and Heir of John Crevequer 
 
 of Twyford, brought him forth three Chil- 
 dren at once, and died the fame Day. 
 He died March 14. 1603. And the other 
 -by it in the South Iflc, for Gervafe Tevery t 
 
 with a long Infcription, fetting forth his 
 wife Behaviour in the Office of a Juftice 
 *of the Peace, and other his 'Virtues, 
 compofed in elegant Latin by Dr. Hun- 
 iington Plumbtree, and ere&ed by Anne 
 Jiis Widow. He died about Whilfuntide in 
 1553. Arcl another in the Chancel, in 
 Memory of Mr. John Abbot, who wasVi- 
 car of this Church forty-eight Years, and 
 died Nov. 7. 1438. In the Windows of 
 the Church arc the Arms of the WillougJj- 
 by's and Cliftons, and two -on Surcoats not 
 known whofe, and in the Chancel Win- 
 dows the Arms of the Priory of New- 
 jfeadj and of Thomas Gunthorp Prior of 
 ' that Houfc, whofe Name is at the Bot- 
 tom of them. Henry Hanly Efq; who lies 
 interred in the Church of Bramcote in 
 this County., gave 20 /. a Year for ever 
 to the Poor of this Parifh, to be paid 
 -out of his Lands lying in or near Bram- 
 cote aforefaid, as it is paid to this Day. 
 
 Sfre.'ley, Stradlegb, or Straley, had three 
 Manors -in it, one of -them was Tayn- 
 
 land, and belonged ro the Crown, b\tt 
 was held by WcM the S.,xon ; the other 
 two were Pevereirs, but before the Con- 
 queft were Godric's and Brun's, Saxons. 
 One Ambrefe held them under P^vereU. 
 In King Henry the Firft's Reign Walter di 
 Stradlegh was the moft confiderable Pro- 
 prietor in this Place, and his Pofterity 
 fiourifhed long here, tho* not without 
 fome Misfortunes.; for Sampfin StreJley his 
 Son, taking John Earl of Moretons Part 
 in rebelling againft King Richard I. had 
 all his Lands ieized ; but John foon after 
 fucceeding his Brother, this Sampfon had 
 not only his Lands .rertored, but was in 
 great Eiteem with thatKing,who gave him 
 the Manor of Horfeley in -Darbyfiire, and 
 the Caftle of Horeftan, the Seat of theBw- 
 rons. In the Reign of King ILdward III. 
 this Family made a great Figure; for Ri- 
 chard Strelley was Knight of the Shire for 
 this County, Reg. 9, 10. and Sir Sampfon 
 StreJley ferved in the fame Poft, 42 Edw. 
 III. and 3 Rich. II. and was High Sheriff 
 of this and Darby Shires 49 Edw. III. His 
 Son Robert Strelley alfo bore the fame Of 
 fice-a4 and 30 Hen. VI. and being knight- 
 ed was again chofen into it, 4 Ediv. IV. 
 Nicholas Strelley was his Son, and was 
 High Sheriff 10 Hen. VIII. John Strelley 
 was his Heir, and, for want of a Son, 
 left his four Daughters, Ifabel, Margaret^ 
 Elizabeth, and Anne^ his Heirs ; but Sir 
 "Nicholas Strelley his Brother's Children in- 
 herited this Manor ; for his Grandfon 
 Sir Nicholas died poflefled of this Manor 
 and many others, 3 Eliz. leaving them 
 to his Son Anthony Strellty, who was High 
 Sheriff the ninth Year of the feme Reign. 
 This Family ended in the Female Heirs, 
 by whom this Manor became Sir John 
 Michell's, but was contended fo long for by 
 the illegitimate Iflue of George 'StreJley, that 
 he could never get Pofleflion of it ; and yet 
 the Strelleys were only impoverished by it, 
 infomuch that the Heir, Nicholas Strelley^ 
 or late was, forced to get his Liveli- 
 
 hood by fpinning of GlaH. at 
 an honeft and ingenious Art, but a poor 
 one, and much below the Honour of his 
 Family, iave that Virtue and Honefty, 
 Diligence and Ingenuity let a Man upon. 
 a Level with Wealth and Birth, The
 
 NO TTING HAM S HIRE. 
 
 Strelleys of Woodborough in this County are 
 delcended from thole of this Place, as 
 will be fliewn more particularly when we 
 come to it. 
 
 The Church here is a Rc&ory, now 
 or lately in the Patronage of Nicholas 
 Strelley Efq ; and is valued in the King's 
 Books at 6 /. 4 /. 9 d. i. 
 
 Sutton Paffeys had two Manors of Tayn- 
 land, held before the Conqueft by the 
 Saxons AJunc and Erun, but made by the 
 Conqueror of the Fee of William Peverell, 
 as was alfo that Part of this Parifh, which 
 belongs to Olive/Ion. Robert Fitz-Raph, be- 
 ing an Owner in this Parifli, with the 
 Content of his Heirs, gave to God and 
 the Church of the Holy Trinity at Lenton 
 two Bovats of Land here, which he of- 
 fered by Way of Alms to God and his 
 Saints upon the Altar there, for the 
 Health of the Soul of his dear Wife Ade- 
 llna. Robert de Paffeys gave alfo fifteen 
 Acres of his Demefne to the faid Mona- 
 ftery, for the Health of his own Wife's, 
 Father's, and Mother's Souls ; and his 
 Son William confirmed his Father's Gift, 
 and gave four Acres more. This Family 
 of Paffeys held this Manor of Sutton by 
 Serjeanty, to find an Horfe and Sack 
 in the Army of Wales. In the Reign of 
 King Edward II. John Paffeys was return- 
 ed Lord of this Place, fo that it is cafy 
 to judge, that the Town was called Sut- 
 ton Paffeys from thefe Lords. The Manor 
 afterward became the Pofleflion of Ri- 
 chard Wllloughby Efq; Lord of WoIIaton, 
 in whofe Family it now remains, but 
 hath been fo long totally decayed, that it 
 is now only known by the Name of Wol- 
 laton-Parky and fome other Demefnes of 
 that Manor, tho' the Parifhioners of Rad- 
 ford will have it in their Parifli, and 
 within their Perambulation. This Richard 
 de Willoughby, the i7th of Ediu. III. ob- 
 tained a Grant for Free- Warren in this 
 Place. 
 
 Here was certainly a Church when the 
 ~Wilhn?lby's became firft Lords of this Ma- 
 nor ; for we find, 16 Ed-w. III. That "fdm 
 de Colter of Nottingham gave a Mefluage, a 
 Toft, and five Bovats of Land in his Pa- 
 rim to a certain Chaplain, to celebrate* 
 in the Church of St. M*ry at Sittten Paf- 
 
 fcys ; but there are now no Remains of 
 any Church in any of the Places where 
 the Parifh is faid to have been by the 
 People of Wollaton or Radfora. 
 
 Sutton in Afifeld, or upon Afifeld, was 
 an Hamlet to Mansfsld, which was the , 
 Confeflbr's Land, and afterward the Con- 
 queror's. ^ Gerard the Son of Walter de. , 
 Sueton, being pofleffed of divers Lands in 
 this Town, gave to God and the Church 
 of St. Peter at Thurgarton, two Bovats of 
 Land, and the Church of this Town ; to 
 which J-ordan the Son of Gerhard added 
 fome other fmall Parcels; but Jordan 
 holding all his Lands of the Crown paid 
 14 s. per Ann- Acknowledgment, and be- 
 fides did Homage, Suit and Service to 
 Mansfield Court from three Weeks to 
 three^ Weeks, and Attendance upon the 
 King's Army in Wales, with one Alan, an 
 Horfe and Habergeon , Cap of Iron, 
 Launce, and Sword. This Manor con- 
 tinued in the PofTeflion of the Sultans to 
 the Reign of Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 5. 
 when Roger de Greenehagh Efq; (whether 
 by Marriage, Gift, or Purchafe we are 
 not able to fay) is found to die feiz.ed of 
 this Manor, leaving two Daughters his 
 Heirs, Elizabeth and Anne, v/hich laft be- 
 ing married to Gsrvafe Nevil Efq; brought 
 this Manor to this Family, and after 
 joining with him in the Sale of it to James 
 Hardwick, his Sifter Elizabeth came to be. 
 his Heir, who carried it by Marriage in- 
 to the Family of the Earls of Dgjenjb'tre, 
 whofe Inheritance it now is, or was iate- 
 ly. She was madeCountefc of Shrewsbury 
 by her 1'econd Marriage. 
 
 The Church of Sutton on AfoftU in 
 15x8 yielded twenty Marks yearly Rent 
 to the Priory of Thurgarton, bcfides which 
 there was other Lands which paid Rents 
 to that Monaftery, and a Mill that ;-.'ii 
 5 s. Tithe; fo that the who!'. Revenue 
 from hence was 14 /. 7 s. pr Ann. 
 
 Teverfah, Tfjeffoalt, or Ttrfsll Was thft 
 Freehold of Lettvic the S-ixon before the 
 Conqueft, which brought it 10 be the Bee 
 of Ralph Fitz-bubertj under whom one 
 QwStfti4 held it, whofe Pofterity took the 
 IS ume of Earre, or Barry. They inhabi- 
 ted this Place for Ibme Generations, and 
 were Keucfactors to the Abbey of Be.'ii- 
 
 chief
 
 N T ? I N G HA M S H I R 
 
 9 
 
 chief in Darbyjbire, by giving to it Common 
 of Pafture for 400 Sheep, and other 
 Things, which William their Defcendant 
 confirmed. From the Family of Barry 
 this Manor pafled ro Ralph Greenhalgh, 
 whofe Son Roger Grenebalgb was put into 
 Pofleflion of it by a Contra& of Marriage, 
 Viade May 6. 23 Hen. VII. This Roger 
 made a Will, and gave this Eftate to his 
 Grandaughter Elizabeth, married to Fran- 
 en Molineux Efq; whole Son Sir "Francis 
 made this Place his principal Seat for 
 fome Years, till his Son John was married 
 to Lucy the Daughter of Alexander Rigby, 
 and then he left his Houfe here to him, 
 and fettled himfelf at Kneton t or Kneveton 
 in this County. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, in the 
 Patronage of Sir Francis Molineux, and is 
 now valued in the King's Books at 9 /. 
 19 /. 9 d. \. In it, under the Eaft Window 
 of the South Ifle, are two raifed A,labafter 
 plain Tombs, both clofe together, one 
 for Roger Greenhalge Efq; Lord of the 
 Town, who died Jan. 23. 1562,, the other 
 for Anne his Wife, one of the Daughters 
 of Thomas Babington of Detbick, who died 
 June 19. 1538. Upon his, is his Pourtrai- 
 ture fcored, and filled with Lead, &c. 
 
 Teuton, or Toueton, the Eftate of Aldrlc 
 before the Conqueft, but made after it 
 the Fee of William Peverell, Warner was 
 Peverel's Man, or Tenant, and his Son 
 Robert, when Lenton Priory was founded 
 by his Lord, gave two Parts of the Tithes 
 of the Demefne of Towton to it. How or 
 when this Robert or his Pofterity aliened 
 this Manor we find not, but obferve, that 
 1 3 Job. Henry de Grey held Towton by Ba- 
 rony in Capite, together with his Lordmip 
 of Codntfljre in Darbyjbire. His Pofterity 
 held this Manor many Succeflions, and 
 were Men of Figure in their Country ; 
 for Richard de Grey of Ccd?rour claimed, 3 
 Ediv- III. the Emendation of the Aflixe 
 of Ale and Bread broken in this Town, 
 and his Son John Lord Grey of Codnovre- 
 Cafile was made a Knight of the Garter 
 at rhe firft Foundation of that Order, as 
 was his Grand fon Richard Lord Grey after- 
 wards. This Lord was Admiral from the 
 Mouth of the Thames towards the Nor- 
 thern Parts of England, Sir Jcbn do Grey 
 
 of Codnovre alfo did by Fine, 13 Edw. III. 
 pals one Acre of Land in this Town to 
 the Prior and Convent of Felley, and their 
 Succeflors. Legitimate Iflue at length 
 failed in Henry Lord Grey, and his Eftate 
 being divided between his two natural 
 Sons, Henry the eldeft had this Manor, 
 and making this Place his Habitation was 
 called Hsnry'Grey of Towton, 13 Hen. VIII. 
 He had no Iflue Male, and fo his Eftate 
 pafled by. Elizabeth his Daughter and Heir 
 in Marriage to Sir Henry. Sacbeverel of 
 Morley, who, or his Heirs, fold it to Ri- 
 chard Whalley of Welbeck Efq; who dividing 
 it between his two Sons, Thomas and Wil- 
 liam, 10 Eliz> 1568, it was foon after 
 fold to Thomas Stanhope .And William his 
 Brother. John Zoucke of Codnover, as Heir 
 to Richard Lord Grey, and Richard Whalley 
 had fome Contefts at Law about this Ma- 
 nor, but they came to nothing. Sir Thomas 
 Stanhope Kt. ftill preferved his Property, 
 and left it to his Son, Sir John Stanhope , 
 from whom it came- to his Heir John Stan- 
 hope Efq; he mortgaged it firft, and after- 
 wards fold it to Arthur Waren, Son of Sir, 
 Arnald Waren of Thorp-Arnald, who hath 
 inclofed the Fields; but fome of the moft 
 ancient Inclofures, which lie neareft the 
 Trent, with the Ferry over that River, 
 he hath fold to William Sacheverel of Bar- 
 ton Efq;. 
 
 This Place hath no Church ; but the 
 People refort for God's Service to the 
 Church of Attenborougk, as do alfo the 
 People of Chilwell, and Part of Br -am cote. 
 Henry Hanly Efq; who lies interred in the 
 Church 01 Bramcote gave to the Poor of 
 this Parifli 20 s. a Year for ever, to be 
 paid out of his Lands at or near Bramcote, 
 Trowel}, or, as it is in Domefday-Book^ 
 Torivall, had in it fcveral Manors, one of 
 which, and that the Principal before the 
 tforman Invafion, was Verebrand's the Sax- 
 on, but afterwards it became the Fee of 
 William OJliarius, or the Porter ', three o- 
 ther were the Land of the Taynes, held 
 under the King by Ulcbel, Aluric, and 17- 
 luric. OJliarius's Manor came to the Fa- 
 mily of Mortimers, under whom the Fa- 
 mily of Trowel held it divers Genera- 
 tions ; and William de Trowell g&vc to God 
 and the Church of St. Mary in Stanley 
 4 Park,
 
 N o r r i N G H A m s u i R E. ** 
 
 F/irk, called Dale-Abby, and the Canons of Sempringham, but now are in the Dif- 
 of the Order of the Prtmonjlratenfes fer- pofal of Sir Francis WiUoHghby Kr. and 
 ving God there, all the Lands and Rents William Hacker Gent. In the Church-Win- 
 which his Father Richard had in this Pa- dows are the Arms of the Brunjleys and 
 rifh, with the Homages and Services of Strelleys, and in the Chancel-Window, 
 the Tenants, with the Woods of Ejlkund under the Arms of the Brunfleys is written, 
 and Bcxbale, with his Right of Patronage, Robert Brinjley, Patronus ijlius Ecclejix. 
 to the Moiety of the Church, and his There is alfo a Monument in this Church 
 Pofterity made fome fmall Additions to for William Hacker Efq; Patron of one 
 thefe Gifts. Moiety of this Reory, fetting forth his 
 The Manors of the Taynes William Pe~ Learning, Zeal for the Church, and fe- 
 verell got, but being forfeited to the Crown rious Piety, who died Decemb. at. 1668. 
 by his Grandfon William, for poifoning JEt. 64. fet up by his Son John Hacker 
 the Earl of Chejter, they were divided, Gent. Henry Hanly Efq; who is buried 
 and Part were given to the Nuns of Sem- in the Church of Bramcote aforefaid, hath 
 pringham in Lincolnfoire, Part to the Fa- given alfo to the Poor of this Place 10 j~ 
 mily of Brunnejlsy, and Part to the Fa- a Year for ever, to be paid out of his- 
 mily of Strelley, of whom Robert de Stretley, Lands at or near Bromcote. 
 or Strelley, for the Health of his own Wandejley, or Wannejley, the Manor of 
 Soul, and thofe of all his Anceftors, but Lettric the Saxon before the Coming of 
 efpecially of William Dyve, gave to the the Normans ; but afterward it was given 
 faid Monaftery of Dale, or Stanley-Park, to Ralph Fitz-hubert, who left it to his 
 three Bovats of Land in this Parifh, for Son Hubert Fttz-Ralpb. Under him Ra- 
 the Suftentation of one Canon, to cele- nulph de Wannejley held a Knight's Fee in 
 brate Mafs daily in the faid Priory for this Town, which was then the Manor of 
 them. This Manor defcended to the Fa- Wandejley. This Ralph gave to God and 
 mily of Poutrell by the Marriage of Mar- the Church of St. Mary of Felley, and the 
 garet, one of the Daughters and Co-heirs Canons fcrving God there, all the Lands 
 of John StreUey, into it, and was in the which Richard Fitz.-walter held in Wan" 
 Year 1612 John Poutrelfs Efq;. The dejley, with all the Liberties and other 
 Brunfeleys Part continued fome Succeflions Appurtenances belonging to it, which JV/- 
 in their Family, but was fold by Gervafe chohs his Brother confirmed. Further, 
 Brunffley to John Hacker Gent, with whole -Ranulph, the Son of Alexander de Wandefley^ 
 Pofterity it continues. While the Nuns gave to the Priory of Feiky, for the Su- 
 of Sempringham had a Part here, the Pri- llentation of one Canon of their Num- 
 or had the Liberty of Free- Warren in ail ber, to celebrate Divine Service daily in 
 the Demefne Lands belonging to them, as his Chapel of Wandejley, which ft.vnds be- 
 
 Robert de Strelley had in his Manor. 
 
 ncath his Manor, the Rent of dxty Shil- 
 
 The Lands and Rents belonging to lings a^Year, which Thomas the Prior of 
 
 both the Monafteries fell to the Crown Felley, and the Convent bound themfelves 
 
 by the Supprcffion of the Abbies, and and Succeflbrs to Sir Ranulph Wandtfley- 
 
 were granted among other Things by Kt. and his Heirs and AfTigns, pofTeiTing 
 
 Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 10. to Purcival of the Manor of Wandejley, to perform. 
 
 Bowes and John Mcyfier Gent, and that This Ranulph dying without an Heir Male, 
 
 Part of the Manors of Trowell, with the this Manor became divided between Wil- 
 
 Right of Patronage of the Reftory, which Ham de Gratton and William de Crejfiy, who 
 
 belonged to the Priory of Sempringham, had married his two Sillers IfitM and 
 
 was granted by the faid Queen, Reg. 16. Joan. It remained fome Time in the Fa- 
 
 to Drngo Drury Efq; and Richard Downing* ', mily of Creftyes, but 8 Hen. VI. was paf 
 
 but thefe Lands are now the Eftate of fed by Ralph Crejfy to Robert Brige of 
 
 Purciv.il Wilkughby Kt. 
 
 The ReSory here is divided into two 
 Varts or Moieties, which were of old in 
 the Patronage of the Brnnjleys and Prior 
 
 Seljten, whofe Heir Thomas B>v'^convey'ct 
 it to Richard M.iddleton Efq; of whom John 
 Bland having purchafed it, gave it tq 
 M - ,*
 
 .NO <?? INGH4M S HIRE. 
 
 91 
 
 John Prior of Beauvale, and Convent of 
 the fame, which being diflblved, this Ma- 
 nor, v,ith the other Lands belonging to 
 that Monaftery, came to the Lord Capel, 
 whofe Poftcrity being Earls of Effex, now 
 enjoy it. Thomas Middleton alfo claimed 
 Gratters Moiety of this Manor, and left 
 it to his Heirs, John Middleton, or William 
 the Father and Son, dying in Poffeflion of 
 it in or about the Year 1675, w ^^ tne 
 Manor of Gratton in Darbyjhire. 
 
 Watno-w, Weter.ot, and in our Maps 
 Watnall, was all of the Fee of William Pe- 
 verell, but Part of it was Soc to Nutehale. 
 Gozelin and Gruncheld held it when the 
 Conqueror's Survey was taken. Gocelin, 
 among others of William PevereH's Men or 
 Tenants, gave two Parts of the Tithes of 
 this Demefne to the Priory then juft 
 founded by his Lord. Afrer Peverett's Land 
 efcheated to the King, Part of this Ma- 
 nor came to Robert de Alfreton, from whom 
 it dcfcended by Inheritance to the Fa- 
 mily of Chaivorth, as the other Part of 
 this Townihip did from the Lords of 
 Greyjley to that of Cantilupe, from which 
 Divifion hath rifen the Diftin&ion ufed 
 ftill by the Inhabitants, calling one Part 
 of their Town Watnow Chaworth, and the 
 other Watno-w Caanteliffe, for Cantelupe. 
 This latter in following Times was all or 
 rooft of it given to the Monaftery of 
 Beauvale by the Founder ; and fomc of 
 the former was alfo fettled on it ; for 
 Ralph, the Son of Hugh de Redinges, called 
 de Watenhcu, gave to the Priory of Lenton 
 a Eovat of Land in Watenott-Cbawortb. 
 His Heirs held that Manor fome Time ; 
 but 9 Ed<w. II. we find Robert de Kjumar- 
 hy certify'd to be Lord of it, ana Agnes 
 his Daughter and Heir. John Wollaton of 
 Nottingham is the next Lord that we meet 
 with of this Manor, and he releafed all 
 his Right and Title to John Vifcount 
 Beaumont, and others, among whom it 
 rcfts. 
 
 WoUaton, as it is now corruptly called 
 for Olavefton, which is the proper Name, 
 was before the Conqucft Uljt the Sayon's 
 Manor, but after the Fee of William Pe- 
 vereli, Warner was at fir ft William Peve- 
 rett's Man, but Alortein fucceecied him, 
 and his Family continued in this Manor 
 
 many Succefllons. Robert de Morteln lived 
 in King Henry the Firft's Time, when 
 that Prince founded the Priory of Lenton, 
 and Euftachius de Moreteln was a confider- 
 able Benefa&or to it, in giving Cattle 
 and Servants to the Brethren there. Wil- 
 liam de Morteln was feveral Years High 
 Sheriff for Warwick and Leicejler Shires > 
 and Roger de Mortein, his Son and Heir, 
 procured a Charter of Free- Warren for 
 this Town ; but the Family decaying in 
 Roger de'Mortein, he granted and afligned 
 to Sir Richard Willoughby Kt. the whole 
 Manor of Woliaton, except the capital 
 Mefluage, &c. and the Advowfbn of the 
 Church. This Sir Richard much increa- 
 fed his Patrimony by Purchafes in other 
 Towns as well as here ; but the greateft 
 Advancer of his Family was his Son Sir 
 Richard WiUoughby, who was a Judge twen- 
 ty-eight Years, and in that Time Chief 
 Juftice a while, when Jeffrey le Strode 
 went beyond Sea about the King's Bufi- 
 nefs. He left a great Eftate to Sir .&'- 
 chard his Son, who married the Sifter of 
 Sir John de Grey, but died without Ulue, 
 and fo the Eftate pafled in collateral! 
 Branches from that Time to our Days. 
 We Ihall not trouble our felves with 
 perplexed Pedigrees, but fliall only take 
 Notice of fuch of this Family of Willough- 
 by's as had an immediate Concern with 
 this Manor, as Sir Henry Wiltoughby Kt. 
 and Banneret, who was buried in this 
 Church of St. Leonard at Wottaton, May 6. 
 20 Hen. VIII. He had been High Sheriff 
 of this and Darby Shires in King Henry 
 the Seventh's Reign. Sir Hugh Willoughby. 
 his Son, the famous Navigator, who was 
 frozen to Death in the North Seas. Sir 
 Francis Wiiloughby, who was the Builder 
 of that ftateiy Pile, the Manlion of this 
 Family at this Place, the Stone whereof 
 was all brought from Ancajler in Lincoln*- 
 jhire, and is a notable Monument of the- 
 Greatnefs of the Family. Sir Francis Wil- 
 loughby died Owner of this Seat and Ma- 
 nor in 1672, and left two Sons, of whom 
 we can give no Account. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, in the 
 Patronage of the WiUoughbyes, and is va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 14 /. 2 j. &d. 
 Sir Richard Willoughby the elder gave tor 
 this
 
 NO ?? INGHAMSWl'RE. 
 
 this Church one Mefluage and two Bo- 
 vats of Land in this Parifh, to maintain 
 two Chaplains in it, to pray for his own 
 Soul, and thofe of his Anccftors and Suc- 
 ceflbrs. In the Church here are three 
 fumptuous Monuments for three of the 
 Family of the Wilkughby's, viz- In the 
 Arch between the South Ifle and Chan- 
 cel, for Sir Henry Wilkughby Kt. and Ban- 
 neret, Lord of this Town ; his Effigies 
 lies upon it, and thole of his Wives, two 
 on each Side. He died 2vLay ao. 1528. 
 Another at the Eaft End of the North 
 Ifle in the Wall, for Henry Wilkughby 
 Efq; and Anne his Wife, Silter of Henry 
 Grey Duke of Suffolk, who was killed in a 
 Fight with the Norfolk Rebels in 1548, 
 when his Wife had been dead two Years. 
 His Son Sir Francis Wilkughby ere&ed it to 
 his Parents Memory. The third is at 
 the upper End of the North Ifle in the 
 North Wall, for Henry Wilkughby Efq; 
 fourth Son of Sir Purcival Wilkughby, a 
 Counfellor at Law, and Bencher of the 
 Inner Temple, who died Septemb, 18 1541. 
 JEtat. 48. But the moft magnificent one 
 is in the Chancel in the North Wall, on 
 a flat Marble, on which is cut in Brafs 
 the Effigies of a Man in Armour, and a 
 Woman, and is for Richard Wilkugby Efq; 
 and Anne his Wife, who died, he Oftob. 7. 
 1471, and fhe ^tffy i- 1467. Here was 
 a Chantry-Houfe belonging to this Church, 
 dedicated to St. Anthony, which was grant- 
 ed, 3 Edw. VI. among other Things, to 
 William Nevill Efq; Thus have we finifh- 
 ed this Wapentake, and, thro' Dr. Thoro- 
 ton's Afliftance, not omitted any Village 
 in it. We go on therefore to 
 
 Tne Wapentake of Thurgarton. 
 
 This Wapentake was, in the Conquer- 
 or's Time, two, called Torgerton and Lyda, 
 from whence it is ftill properly called 
 Thurgarton a Lee. We fuppofe, that what 
 was then called two Hundreds, or \Va- 
 penrakes, is the fame with the two Di- 
 vifions ftill: kept up, the one containing 
 the TjOwnfhJps from Nottingham down the 
 River Trent, as far as Avsrham, and the 
 other all the reil of the VVapentake from, 
 thence to Fledborottgb and IVookote* This 
 
 ' . 
 
 Wapentake lies in the middle Part of the 
 County, and hath all the other Wapen- 
 takes more or lefs touching upon it ; but 
 the four principal are, Newark on the 
 Eaft, which is parted from it by the 
 Trent; Broytow on the Weft ; Rufjiffe on 
 the South, and Southclay Divifion in the 
 Wapentake of Bijfetlau. on the North. 
 The Fee of this W apentake was anciently 
 in the Crown, and fo we believe ir ftill. 
 The chief Town in this Wapentake is 
 
 Southwell, Suel, or Sud-jjell, which, with 
 the Hamlets and Members of it, make 
 up that which is called the Soke. Before 
 the Conqueft it was a diftin Hundred, 
 lying between thofe of Turgartor. And. Lyde, 
 with which it is now joined. It was called 
 fometime Southwell Hundred, (as we learn 
 from Domefday-Book) and fometimes Cber- 
 lington Hundred, and corruptly at length 
 Chadlington Hundred. Mr. Cambden is of 
 Opinion, that this Place is that City, 
 which Bede calls Tio Vul-Fingacejler, and 
 his Reafbufor it is, becaufe thofe Things,, 
 which he relates of Paulinus's Baptising 
 in the River Trent, near Tio-wtl-fnga- 
 cejler, are always faid to have done here 
 by, the private Hiftory of this Church. 
 The Fee of this Town feems to have been 
 chiefly in the Archbifhops. of York ; for 
 Anno 958 King Eadwy granted to his- be- 
 loved Bifhop Ofcytel (then Archbifhop of. 
 York} twenty Farms at Sudwelltn, with all^ 
 the Appurtenances, for an Heritage, to-<* 
 which his Sucoeffbrs added twoCarucatcs;. 
 for w,hen the Conqueror's Survey; was 
 made, the Lands of the Archbifhop. oT 
 York in Sudwell, and its Berues or Ham- 
 lets are faid to be twenty-two Carucates. 
 and an half, of which fix Knights held^ 
 four and an half, befides fevcn Canica.tej r 
 which they had in Demefne. What the^ 
 - Archbifhop had thus fettled on him, was- 
 in Truft for the Eftablifhment of a Colle- 
 giate Church in this Place, of which wer- 
 fhall give a full Account in our Ecclefi- 
 .aftical Hiftory for this, County. ,. which* 
 follows. 
 
 This Town of Southwell is divided as to* 
 its Site into two Parrs, I. The Burridge* 
 as 'tis commonly called for the Rargage^ 
 which cpmprehends all that Part of the- 
 Town that lies between the Market-Place 
 
 ands
 
 ?4 
 
 and the River Greet ; and a the Preben- 
 
 dage, or Liberties of the Church. The 
 
 Market is here weekly upon Saturday, and 
 
 Fair At the Diflbiution 
 
 'of the Abbies the Collegiate Church of 
 
 this Place being reputed the Mother 
 
 Church of the Town and County of Not- 
 tingham was allowed by King Henry VIII. 
 
 to be Sfdes drchiepifcopatis, ond on that 
 
 Account was confirmed by an Aft of Par- 
 liament in the 34th Year of that King's 
 
 Reign ; but in the Reign of King Edward 
 
 VI. ^Reg. 2. this Chapter, with thofe of 
 
 other Collegiate Churches, was diflblved, 
 
 and the Manor and Prebends granted to 
 
 Jtkn Dudley then Earl of Warwick, and 
 
 foon after Duke of Northumberland, who 
 
 fold it to f&n Beattntor.t Matter of the 
 
 Rolls, the Father of 'Francis Beaumont, a 
 
 Judge in the Common-Pleas, whole Son 
 
 John conveyed them to the Crown, from 
 
 Tvhichthcy 'paffed again to the faid Duke 
 
 of Northumberland, and were in his Poflef- 
 
 jion when he was attainted for his Rebel- 
 lion againlt Queen Mary. This Manor 
 
 being then feiaecl, as forfeited to the 
 
 Crown, was by that Priocefs reftored to 
 
 the Archbifhop and Chapter again, and 
 
 Queen Elizabeth upon her Acceflion to 
 
 the Throne confirmed her Sifter's Settle- 
 ment by Aft of Parliament, in which flie 
 * faith, that it was founded by her Royal 
 . Father of glorious Memory King Henry 
 
 the Eighth. 
 
 The Archbifhops of York had anciently 
 
 a very fair Palace in this Town, which 
 
 flood on the South Side of the Church- 
 yard, within a Park of excellent Ground, 
 
 In the Church here is an Infcription upon a Pillar worth our Obfervation, becaufc 
 it contains an Hiftoricai Account of the Place. 
 
 Reges, & Reginae erunt Nutrices tux. 
 
 Hanc 
 Collegiatam & Parochialem Ecclefiam 
 
 Religiofa Antiquitas fundavit 
 Rex Henricus VIII.7 reftauravit;* CEdwardo Lee Archiepifcopo^ 
 
 illutlriflimus S anno . 1 543. S C Ebpr. piiflimd 
 Regina Elizabethan fancivit ? CEdwino Sandys Archiepifcopo , 
 
 Religioflima $ an 1584$ Ebor. digniffimo 
 Monarcha Ja^obrs? ftabiiivfty CHcnrico Howard Comite Nor-> 
 Prxpotcntiflimi;s5 an? 1604 5 C thamptonienfi praenobiliflimo j 
 
 called the Little Park, or New Park ; but? 
 it was demolished in the late Rebellion. 
 It is fuppofed to be biu'lt by Cardinal 
 Wolfey when he was Arcbbifhop -of York, 
 but moft probably by one of the Arch- 
 biflio^s Booths, who built a Chapel, called 
 at this Day Bcoth's Chapel, by the South 
 Wall near it; but tho' they have no Seat 
 here, they have been, all along from be- 
 fore the Conqueft, Lords of the Manor, 
 and by the Favour and Grants of feveral 
 Kings enjoy great Privileges here ; for 
 they have the Returns of Writs, upon 
 all and fingular their demefhe Lands, 
 Tenements, and Fees here ; and befide a 
 great Leet, which they do or may hold 
 over divers Townfhips, they have a Sef- 
 fions of Peace kept by Turns (at this 
 Place and Scrooby) by certain Juftices of 
 Peace of their own Nomination, though 
 under the King's Commiflion. Hexgraw- 
 Park in this Parifh. was made (as it is 
 thought) by Walter Archbifhop of York in 
 the Time of Henry III. Sir Hugh Cart- 
 wright and his Pofterity had this Park in 
 Leafe ; but now 'tis in the Hands of a 
 younger Son of the late Archbifhop Sterne, 
 who married a Daughter of the lait Sir 
 Hugh Carttvrlght. Norwood-Park alfo be- 
 longed to thefe Archbifhops, and in the 
 late unhappy Times was fold by ufurping 
 Power to Mr. Edward Clad, who built a 
 pretty Brick Houfe upon it, but at King 
 Charles the Second's Reftoration found fo 
 much Favour from the Archbifhop, Dr. 
 Freiven, as to keep Pofleflion of them by 
 turning Tenant to him. 
 
 interce- 
 
 denta 
 
 median- 
 
 te 
 
 A Do-
 
 NO f f 1 N G HA M S ffTR E. 
 
 A Domino fa&um eft iftud 
 
 Da gloriaife Deo 
 
 Hor.orem Regi 
 
 Sint ficut Oreb. & Zeb. & Zebfc, & Salman* 
 Qut dicunt poflideamus San&uarium Dei 
 
 Pfal. 83. it. 
 
 Det Deus hoc fanftum Sanftis, fit Temper Afylurn 
 Exulis, Idolatras, Sacrilegofq; ruat 
 
 Gcrvaf. Lee 
 
 Ih piam gratamque Macanatum mcmoriam 
 pofuit 
 1608. 
 
 It is commonly called Lee's Pillar, becaufe he was the Founder of it. 
 
 
 
 This Town of Southwell, or Suwell, 
 gave Name to a very considerable Fami- 
 ly, of which one Branch continued their 
 Refidence here from the Reign of King 
 Henry III. to that of King Henry VI. in 
 which Time many collateral Branches 
 were difperfed into other Parts, efpecial- 
 ly Norfolk, Suffolk, Suffex, Surrey, Effex, 
 &c. and were many of them of great 
 Worth and Note, as fome Inftances may 
 fliew. 
 
 Sir Simon de Suelle, or Southwell, lived 
 in the Reign of King Henry III. 
 
 John de Suelle was the King's Clerk, il 
 Edw. I. which is fuppofed to imply, that 
 he \vas that King's Secretary, and fo 
 continued in King Edward the Second's 
 Reign. 
 
 Sir John Suthwell Kt. to whom King 
 Edward I. Reg. 13. committed the Sene- 
 fcally or Stewardfhip of Gafcoign in Franc e^ 
 upon his acceptable and commendable 
 Services, and efpecially for putting him- 
 fclf at that King's Defire an Hoftage for 
 freeing Charles King of Sicily, who was a 
 Prifoner in Arragon, for which he further 
 gave him the Caftle of Bourdeawc, and all 
 the Emoluments thereunto belonging for 
 his Life, with an Injunction, that he Ihould 
 depute a fit Perfon to keep the Forreft of 
 Bourdeaux, the King to allow him Wages, 
 as long as he pleafed both. 
 
 Join de S"thweU was in fo great Re- 
 pute for his Wifdom and Fidelity in the 
 Reign of King Edward II. that being 
 Atmo 20. in Gafcoign^ he had Power to 
 confederate or make a League with any 
 
 Princes who defired the King's Fricnd- 
 fliip. 
 
 John Southwell ferved in Parliament for 
 Lewes in Suffex, 2.8 &> 29 Hen. VI. His 
 Son, Richard Southwell, marrying Amy the 
 the Daughter of Sir Edmund Wickingham y 
 fettled at Wcodrifing in Norfolk, which Ma- 
 nor came to him by his Wife, and his 
 Pofterity have there ftill a noble Houfe 
 and Seat. 
 
 Sir Robert Southwell was Mafter of the 
 Rolls in the Time of King Her.ry VIIL 
 And 
 
 Sir Richard Southwell was a Privy Conn* 
 fellor in the fame Reign, and made one 
 of the Executors of that Prince's Will. 
 He had a Son of his own Name, who was 
 featccl at Horfiam St. Faith's in Norfolk, 
 from whom was djcfcendecl 
 
 Sir Thomas Swthwell of Polylong in the 
 County of Ccrk in belaud Kr. one of the 
 Privy Council of Munjler in that King's 
 Reign, fent over thither by James I. and 
 accompany'^ thither by his Brother yfw- 
 thcny'SoMtlyWf-U; who was Father of Rclerf 
 Southwell of fchfolf in the faid County of 
 Cork, Vice-Adhiiral of Munjler; whole 
 Son, 
 
 Sir Robert Soutlwell Kt. was thegreatcd 
 Ornament of the whole Family. He was 
 born in K'mfak^ and educated in Oaeens- 
 Ccllt^ Oxford, whe-re having commenced 
 Batchelor of Arts he removed to the Inns 
 of Court, and became a Barrifter at Lin- 
 colns-Inn. After this he loon grew famous 
 for hjs known Worth and Abilities, \vhich' 
 made Way for his Prciermcnts ; for he
 
 ING-HAMS H I R E. 
 
 uvasfoon afrer fworn one of the Clerks of 
 3 :is Majeliy King Charles the Second's Privy 
 Council in 1664, knighted in 1655, and 
 had the Charafter given him -of his En- 
 voy Extraordinary to theK.ing of Portugal 
 the fame Year. In 1671 he was lent En- 
 voy Extraordinary to the Count tie Mon- 
 terey Governor of the Spanijb Netherlands, 
 and in 1679, having rellgned his Clerk- 
 Ihip of the Council, was fent Envoy Ex- 
 traordinary to the Ele&or of Branden- 
 burg; and upon his Return was conftituted 
 one of the Commiffioners of the Cuftoms 
 of England, Secretary of State for Ireland ',- 
 and one of the Privy Council of that 
 ^Realm ; and in 1691 was chofen Prefi- 
 cient of the Royal Society in the Place 
 of Dr. CI>arlton deceafed, having been 
 t.cllow thereof fome Years before. He 
 left a Son Edward Southwell Efq; an hope- 
 ful young Gentleman. When Sir Robert 
 retired from Court he went into Glou- 
 cejierjbire, and feated himfelf at King's 
 Wejlon,, where his Family ftill flouriihes. 
 Having thus finrmed our Hiftory of this 
 Market-Town, we ihall proceed to the 
 Villages. 
 
 Aram, Averham, Aygrum, and Egrom, 
 a Manor held before the Conqueft by one 
 Swayn a Saxon , bur after it was given to 
 G'Jlibert Tyfon- His Pofterity were in Pof- 
 feflion of it till 1 3 Job. when Henry Hqfet, 
 or Hofe, by the Marriage of Avicia de 
 Tyjlin, was Lord of it. While the Tyfotis 
 had the Demefne, Adam Tifon gave to 
 God and St. Peter, and the Monks at 
 Thurgarton ferving God there, one Bovat 
 of Land ; and William Tifun gave to God 
 and the Brethren at-Rufford all his Land 
 in 'Hettkus of Agrum.- .From the Heirs of 
 Hufet this Manor paflbd to Robert Salvage, 
 who granted it to Robert de ^Lexington, 
 This Robert procured a Grant of Free- 
 v.arren here about -27 Hen, .III. and being 
 that King's Clerk and ipecial Counfellor, 
 heaped up to hirnfelf large Pofleflions,. 
 while he increafed the King's Treafure.' 
 His Son John de Lexington was three Times 
 Lord Keeper of the Great Seal in the fame 
 King's Reign. John Lord Lexington his 
 Son died without IfTuc, whereupon his 
 two Sifters, Cecilia, married to Sir William 
 d Markka w, and Alice, married to Roland 
 de Suiton, became his Heirs, and this Ma- 
 
 nor upon the Partition came to the lat- 
 ter, and fo the Suttons became Lords of 
 it. This Family of Suttons held this 
 Lcrdfhijp -ftom the Reign of King Henry 
 III, to our T,ime, when Robert Sutton, ha- 
 ving 'fignalized his Loyalty towards his 
 Royal MaAer King Charles I. by aflifting 
 him in his Troubles according to the ut- 
 moftof his Abilities, with Men and Mo- 
 ney, was created Lord Lexington of Aver- 
 bam, 21 Car. I. 1646. His Son Robert is 
 at" prefent Lord Lexington, but hath no 
 liTue Male fo far as we can underftand. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, and 
 the Lord Lexington is Patron, as his An- 
 ceftors- the Suttons have all along been 
 from their firft being Lords of the Manor. 
 It is valued now in the King's Books at 
 20 /. In the Church is a fmall old Mo- 
 nument without Name ; but whoever it 
 was, he died Sept. 24. 1307. There is 
 alfo a fair Tomb for Sir William Sutlou 
 of this Place Kt. who died in 1611. JEfi. 
 52. of a fudden Death. The Tomb is 
 adorned with much Poetry, Greek and 
 Latin, very well perhaps for that Time, 
 but rrow not worth copying out, 
 
 Batbeley, an Hamlet to Nortb-Mufcham t 
 where we iliall fpeak more of it, as uni- 
 ted with that Place. The Fee of this 
 Hamlet was after the Conqueft in Goisfrtd 
 de Alfelin, who was Lord of North- Muf-. 
 clnam. The Family^ de Batbeley poflefled 
 this Hamlet, .as Under- Tenants to the 
 Head Lord fome considerable Time, and 
 on that Account took their Name from 
 it. William de Eatkeley and Roger his Bro- 
 ther were Benefa&ors to the Canons of 
 the Pr&monftrater.fes in Stanlty-Parli. Wil- 
 Ham, the Son of Jeffrey de Batbeley> gave 
 to the Church of Thurgartvn, and the 
 Monks ferving God there, fix Shillings 
 yearly Rent out of the Lands which his 
 Son Thomas held of him. In this Hamlet 
 there yet remains a Branch of the Family of 
 Sfrimfrire, which have been rcfident and 
 Owners of Land in this Hamlet, and the 
 Mitfhttm^ North and South, above four 
 hundred Years. Hugh le Skirmefcar lived 
 about King Johns Time. Moft of them 
 v.crc named William. Robert Scrimpire of ' 
 this Place being of the fame Name with 
 the Earl of Dundee in Scotland, \ho died 
 without Heirs, and fo his Eftate fell to 
 
 the
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 the Crown, fought to obtain it of King 
 Charles II. in 1669 ; but after much Ex- 
 pence of Time and Money, his Endea- 
 vours proved in vain, his Pretences be- 
 ing nothing but the Name, which in fuch 
 Cafes are very weak. Here were fome 
 Lands in this Hamlet, which belonged to 
 one of the Prebendaries of the Collegiate 
 Church of Southwell. 
 
 Bejlorp, or Bejihorp, an Hamlet to Cal- 
 nejlon, or Cauntott, Part of it was the King's 
 Demefne, and Part of it was Soc to 
 Laxington. The Family de Bejihorp were 
 Tenants of this Manor under Goirfrid Al- 
 felin, and William de Bejlborp gave certain 
 Lands in this Place to the Monaftery of 
 Rujford in this County ; as alfo did feveral 
 other Owners. At the Diflblution of the 
 Abbies moft of the Lands in this Place, 
 which belonged to that Monaftery, were 
 given to the Earl of Shrewsbury, by the 
 Name of the Manor or Grange of Bef- 
 thorp, at which Place now is the Dwelling 
 of Mr. Thomas Brijlow, who hath impro- 
 ved it. 
 
 Blefeby, an Hamlet belonging to the 
 great Manor of Southwell, of which we 
 find Robert de Burflall Kt. poflefled, 13 
 Ed<u>. II. He gave one Bovat of Land and a 
 Toft lying in thishisManor to the Priory 
 of Thurgarton, to maintain the Fabrick of 
 the Church. This Robert not long after 
 pafled this Manor to John de Crumbwell. 
 His Heirs held it fome Time, but at length 
 defcending to Maud the Coufin and Heir 
 of the laft Heir Male, Ralph Lord Crom- 
 iveU, me pafled it by Fine to Sir William 
 Haftings Kt. from whofe Family it came 
 to William Wittoughby of Wollaton, and is 
 now the Inheritance of the Marquefs of 
 Dorchejler and Duke of Kingjlon, purchafed 
 we fuppole by his Father, Robert Earl of 
 Knpfton. Blefeby is now the Refidence of 
 Mr. fohn Grundy. 
 
 The Church of this Place is a Vica- 
 rage, and the Chapter of Southwell, to 
 whom we conje&ure the Re&ory is ap- 
 propriated, hath the Patronage of it. It 
 is now valued in the King's Book at four 
 Pounds. 
 
 Bulcote, or Bulecctes, commonly called 
 B0ncot, the Manor of Suencilt the Saxon 
 before the Conqueft, but the Fee of Wal- 
 
 ter de Ainccurt after it. Paganus de 5" 
 Maria held it under Walter. His Son 
 Adam gave an Acre and three Roods of 
 Meadow in this Place to the Abbey of 
 Walbeck in this County, for the Souls of 
 Alice his Wife and Bartholomew his Son, 
 to change their Bodies from Lay Sepul- 
 ture, which they were forced to have by 
 Reafbn of an Interdiction that then lay . 
 upon the Kingdom, to EccleftarUcal Bum I.; 
 This Adam having Daughters only for h-s 
 Heirs, this Manor, with his other Eftate, 
 pafled into other Families, and upon a. 
 Partition fell to the youngeft, named Ij'jl- 
 da, who was the Mother of NiveUus de 
 Rydeware, who inherited it after her 
 Death. His Pofterity continued Lords of 
 it for fome Succeflions, but at length ali- 
 enated it. to the Mounteneys, who fold a 
 Part of it to Thomas Curfon a Juftice of 
 the Peace, who made this Place his Re- 
 fidence. He at length obtained the whole 
 Manor, which he left to his Heirs, who 
 concluding in Daughters, it palled partly 
 by Inheritance and partly by Purchsife 
 to Gabriel Odingfells, whofe Family ftill 
 retain that Part that came to them by 
 Inheritance, but have fold the Part they 
 purchafed to Simcn Wood a Citizen of Lon- 
 don, who fettled it on his Granchiid Mar- 
 garet Trafford, the Wife of Thomas Shif- 
 man of Scarrington Gent, whofe Heirs en- 
 joy it. The Annejlcys had a Part in this 
 Parifli, by marrying Lucy, the elded 
 Daughter of Adam de S. Maria, whrcH 
 continues ftill, or lately was, of that Fa- 
 mily. S. Mary-Hall in this Place keeps - 
 up the Name of thofe old Lords. This 
 Village is in Burton Pari/h. 
 
 Burton, or Birton Joys, or Jorz, Part of 
 which was Soc to Gtihse thorp, the Fee of 
 Roger Bujli, but the Manor was S-iu;r,* 
 the Saxon's before the Conqueft, and Go-f- 
 frid de Anfelins after it. The Family of 
 Jorz were very ancient Owners here, and 
 gave this Town a diftingui/hing Name, 
 being called Burton Jtrz, or Jor-e. Hi* 
 Pofterity continued here till very near 
 the Reign of King Henry VIII. wh?ij- 
 William Jorce, or joce, dying; without 
 Heirs, Sir Bryan Stapleton of this Place 
 Kt. being very powerful in this County,- 
 (as his Anceftors had been before) thei)
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 got into the PofTcffion of this Manor, and 
 kept John Walker of Eperfton Gent. Coufm 
 and next Heir to the afore mentioned 
 William Jorz,, from the Enjoyment of it ; 
 whereupon the faid John petitioned the 
 King and Council for their Affiftance in 
 recovering his Right, but what the Event 
 was we find not. Here was alfb a Fami- 
 ly who took their Name from this Place, 
 being called de Birton, of whom William de 
 Birton held a great Extent of Land, Parr 
 in this Pariih, and Parr in Loudham, of 
 the King, Lord Grey of Codnor, Adam 
 .Everinphtim, and others, which he left to 
 bis Pollcrity. The Priory of Thurgarton 
 bad alfo fome Lands here. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, the 
 "Rctlory we fuppofe being appropriated 
 to the Priory of Shetfore, which had the 
 Patronage of it till the DifTblution of 
 the Abbies. The Earl of Chefterfield is 
 now Patron, and has the Parlonage by 
 the Grant of King Henry VIII. to his An- 
 celtors,. Michael Stanlope Efq; and Anne 
 his. Wife.. It is valued in the King's 
 Hooks at 4 /. 19 s> 2 d. This Church 
 tram the Foundation of it had one Mef- 
 ihage, two Bovats, and five Acres of 
 Land fettled upon it, but being leafed 
 out by Mr. Robert de Bfatidefden, fome Time 
 Parfon here, to Robert Sarefon of this Pa- 
 jifhy his Pofterity held them fo long, 
 that at length rhey claimed them as 
 their own Property ; but xipon an Inqui- 
 fkion it being found, that they belonged 
 to the Church, and a Writ of juris Hiram 
 being brought agaiaft Cecilia, the Heirefs, 
 who unjuftly occupy'd them, and had 
 made them over to Richard Egham and 
 ftis Wife Idonea, her Daughter, when 
 they faw, that theProccfs was continued, 
 and that their Eftate in rhcm would not 
 Be good* they reftored them effeftually 
 to the Church without Fraud or Delay. 
 
 In the Church, on the North Side, is 
 a plain Marble Stone Tomb, whereon 
 lieth the Image of an armed Man, a 
 Knight, on whofe Shield is embofled a 
 Bend,, and on it three Water-Budgets ; 
 nd on the South. Side another Shield, 
 Baying on it a Lion Rampant crowned. 
 In the Chancel alfoj in the Eait Win- 
 ,, is reprcfented * Woman praying, 
 
 viz.. kneeling with her Hands lifted up, 
 By the Arms they are judged (for there 
 are no Inscriptions to inform us) to be fome 
 of the Family of J&rz> whofe Bearing 
 are the Water- Budgets on a Bend Sable* 
 Befides thefe Monuments, venerable for 
 rheir Antiquity, there are others in the 
 Chancel, viz., on the North Side for Sir 
 Bryan Stapleton Kt. and Baronet, (we fup- 
 poie it fhould be Banneret) who died A- 
 pril 2. i 55 1. (long before Baronets were 
 made in England} another on the South 
 Side for Alice RMS, or Roufe, the W r ife of 
 Brian Stapleton Efq; younger Son of Sir 
 Brian, who was buried fan. 3. 1595, as 
 alfo another upon a Kind of a Tablet r 
 with this Infcription. Pfalm nd. 15. and 
 112. 6. For the perpetual Memory of the Vir- 
 tue of Alice, late the beloved Wife of George 
 Lacock Gent. <who went to Heaven, Aug. 25* 
 1617. JEtat. 50. 
 
 Caherton, which in the Conqueror's 
 Survey is certify'd to be a Berew or 
 Hamlet of Blidworth, and fo the Archbi- 
 fhop of York's Fee, yet here was a Manor, 
 which before theConqneft wasUTowV's the 
 Saxon ', but was given after it to Rogerius 
 Pi&avenjif. Here was alfb Ibme Tayne-' 
 Land, which Alttric held, and William Peve- 
 rell after the Conqueft obtained. The Fee- 
 of Roger came afterward to be accounted 
 of the Honour of Lancafter y of which Ho- 
 nour William le Butiler held one Fee, and 
 J-ckn de Vilers the fourth Part of one 
 Knight's Fee. In the Family of Vilers it 
 continued divers Succeflions, but at length 
 their Moiety came to be the Inheritance- 
 of Thomas Hutchinfon Kt. who bought the* 
 other of one Mr. Bxrton of Holm near; 
 Newark, and fo became Lord of the 
 whole, and left it ro his Son Col. John 
 Hutchinfon, who had that alfo which he 
 called the Manor of Salterford in the For- 
 rcit, as willing to keep the Name of that 
 Village, which now has no other Memo- 
 rial but a Place on the River, called Sal- 
 terford-Dam. Ralph de Vilers gave one Bo- 
 vat of Land in this Place to the Priory 
 of St. Cuthbert at Radfad by Worliefif, and 
 William^ Robert, and J-olon confirmed ir. 
 The Chapter of Southwell alfo had a large 
 Share of this Town, which was of the 
 Honour of Pcveretf.
 
 NO f <2 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, the 
 Rcftory being appropriate to the College 
 of Southwell, and the Prebendaries of Ox- 
 ton, or Chapter of Southwell, fhould be 
 the Patrons ; but this Place, like Wood- 
 borough, is a large and populous Village, 
 but has but an empty Church for the moft 
 Part. In this Town was born William Lee 
 a Matter of Arts in Cambridge, and Heir 
 to a pretty Freehold here, who, feeing a 
 Woman knit, invented a Loom to knit, 
 in which he, or his Brother fames, per- 
 formed, and exercifed that Art before 
 Queen Elizabeth, and leaving it to his 
 Apprentice to one Aljton, he went beyond 
 the Seas, and was thereby etteemed the 
 Author of that ingenious Engine, where- 
 \vith they now weave Silk and other 
 Stockings. Alflon added fomething to his 
 Matter's Invention. He was fome Time 
 a Miller near Thoroton, nigh which Place 
 he was born. 
 
 Carleton, called for Diftin&ion Carleton 
 by Nottingham, and fometimes Carlton by 
 Gedling, and Carlton by Colewick in old 
 Writings, becaufe it is fituate upon the 
 Borders of thofe Parifhcs alfo, was the 
 Manor of Tochi the Saxon, and devolved 
 by Gift after the Conqueft to Goisfrid de 
 Alfelin, or Hanfelin. From his Potterity, 
 who held it fome Succeflions, it parted 
 by the Female Heir Rofe, Daughter of 
 Ralph Hanfelin to William Bardolph, from 
 whofe Family it defcended by the Heir 
 General to Sir William Phelifs, and then 
 by his Daughter and Heir foan, to Wil- 
 liam Vifcount Beaumont, whofe Daughter 
 and Heir fane marrying jFuhn Vifcount 
 Level, her Son Francis, who was her Heir, 
 \va's (lain in the Battle of Stoke in this 
 County againft the King, Henry II. and fb 
 his Ettate became forfeited to the Crown, 
 but leaving two Sifters, fane, married 
 to Sir Brian Stapleton, and Fridefwid to Ed- 
 ward Norrii, by whom flie had Henry Nor- 
 ris, King Htnry VIII. granted this and 
 fome other Manors to him, and his Heirs, 
 as defcended from the late Vifcount Beau- 
 mont. Here were divers little Parcels of 
 Lands given by divers Benefaftors to the 
 Priory of Thurgarton. The Family of 
 Everingham was confiderable Owners in 
 this Village. We find no Church here, 
 
 E. 99 
 
 becaufe this Town is in the Parifh of 
 Stoke-Bardolf. 
 
 Carleton South, an Hamlet to South Muf- 
 cham, is an Hamlet and Manor belonging 
 to the Collegiate Church of St. Mary of 
 Southwell, and the Fee is in the Archbi- 
 fhops of fork for the Time being. The 
 Family, culled from the Head Manor, de 
 Mufcamp, were Matters of large PoflelH- 
 ons in ir, and Robert de Mufcamp gave the 
 Monks of Ruffiird, a Wong (cttlturani} in 
 the Territory of this-Place. South Carle- 
 ton was heretofore the Seat of the JvLtr- 
 Jlwfls, who fold their Inheritance here to 
 William Witioutrhliy Bar. but this Hamlet 
 he bought of Willtughby-Pond, and gave it 
 (fo far as we underftand) with his other 
 purchafed Lands to his two Natural Sons, 
 Richard Revel, alias Willoughby, and Hugh 
 Willoughby, which laft died in 1675. Here 
 is no Church, becaufe' being an Hamlet 
 to South Mufcham, their Parifh Church 
 is there, and thither we refer the Reader 
 for it. 
 
 Chirleton North, or Charlton upon Trent, 
 a Townfhip divided into many Parcels, 
 and belonging fome to Norwett, fome to Bef- 
 thorp, and other Parifhes, but Laxtcn is the 
 principal ; but here was befides fome 
 Lands of the Tayns, held by Ulchel the 
 Saxon before the Conqueft ; but Aldene, 
 the Progenitor of the Family of the 
 Crumbwells, held it of the Conqueror. 
 Robert de Everinigham held a Knight's Fee 
 of William Archbifhop of York, and the 
 Prior of rhe Temple held one Bovat of 
 Land here in Frank-Almaign of the Fee 
 of Robert de Everingham. When the Ma- 
 nor came to the Crumbwells, fohn de Crumb- 
 well, z Edw. III. had a Market and Fair 
 here, but they have been long difufed. 
 Richard de Willoughby, who had Pofleflions 
 here, obtained the Privilege of Free- 
 Warren for this Place ; and his Defcen- 
 dant Edmund Willoughby purchafed a cer- 
 tain Mefluage and divers Parcels of Land, 
 with the Paflage over Trent, with other 
 the Appurtenances in this Village of foV.n 
 de Blyfon and foan his Wife. Queen Eli- 
 zabeth alfo, Reg. 28. granted one Meflu- 
 age and divers Parcels of Land, both 
 Meadow and Failure here to Thomas fonts 
 and Edward Batherick> and their Heirs; 
 N a , bacaufe
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 kecaufe they were given to fing Mafs in 
 the Church of Southwell. The feveral Parts 
 of this To wnfhip follow the feveral Lord- 
 ill ips to which they belong, and fo hath 
 fio Church or Chapel. 
 
 Cathorp, a Manor belonging to the Pa- 
 rim of Loudham, or Ludham, anciently 
 the Pofleflions of Sir Peter de Monteforte, 
 under whom Sir John Loudham and Alice 
 his Wife held fcven Tofts and five Bo- 
 vats of Land there. It was afterward 
 given to the Monaftery of Shelford in this 
 County ; and upon the Supprelfion of the 
 Abbies it was given by King Henry VIII. 
 Reg. 51. with other Ettates to Sir Michael 
 Stanhope and Anne his W T ife, and the Heirs 
 Male of the faid Michael, paying up /. 
 a- Year. 
 
 Conton, Caxnton, or Calnflon, had divers 
 Manors in it, of which Got f rid de Hanfelin 
 was the chief Lord ^fter the Conqueft ; but 
 fome Lands here held of the Manors of 
 NortwellandLaxington, and the Archbifhop 
 of Tcrk here had a fee, together with the 
 Re&ofy appropriate, which belonged to 
 the Prebend of North-Muskam in the Col- 
 legiate Chuch of Southwell. One Wa- 
 rin alTo had in this Place an ancient 
 capital McfTuage wich a good Dcmefne 
 !>elonging it, which was his Inheritance. 
 Nickclas de Eivi! in the Reign of King- 
 Henry III. gave certain Parcels of Land 
 in this Place, viz- four Selions and an 
 half, and one Gore of arable Land to the 
 Mor.aftcry of Rufford. The Priory of 
 New/led had alfo fome Lands here. In 
 later Times the principal Manor or ca- 
 pital Metfuage was the Eftatc of the Whit- 
 mores, and by the Marriage of the Heirefs 
 of that Family r or long ago pafled to the 
 Ismily of the Bronies, whole Grandchild, 
 'Xltmai lire me of Carcotjlon Gent, fold it to 
 Air. Richard Haiker of Flivtham, whofe 
 Son, John lla-.-ker, hath lately fold it to 
 Sir F/.tn.i; Wilhttr.lly, Lord of Wollaton, 
 in whole Potlerity it now is. 
 
 In this Parifh is a Mefluage, or Farm, 
 called JDtvrw-Ht//, belonging to the Prc- 
 ct-ptoi y of Neivfard in Torkjhire, of the 
 yearly Value of 60 >. before the Diflblu- 
 tiun ; but after ir, it was granted by King 
 Hci.i-y VIIL Aug. \6. Rfg. 38. with other 
 "hit.. 1C; to RoLcrt Tltrfihill and Hugh Thorn* 
 
 hill Gent, and their Heirs, paying yearly 
 fix Shillings- Rent for it. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage in the 
 Patronage (as our Author fuppofeth) of 
 the Chapter of Southwell, valued in the 
 King's Books at 4 /. ^ s. \ d. Here was 
 a Chantry anciently in this Church, to 
 which one Capital and two other Mef- . 
 fuages in this Place belonged. Upon the 
 Diftolution of the Alonafteries they were 
 fome Time in the Crown, but at length 
 were granted by Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 6. 
 among other Things, to William Pool and 
 Edward Downing, and their Heirs, as was 
 alfo a Barn, called Kirkelath, which was 
 fome Time the Guild-houfe, and belong- 
 ed to the Guild, called St. John's Guild 
 and Trinity-Guild in Counton, which the 
 fame Queen granted, with many other 
 Things, to Jchn Merfoe Efq; and Francis 
 Greenham Gent. The Family de Caunton 
 took their Name from hence. 
 
 Cclwick Over and Nether, or EaJl-Over, 
 was Godric the Saxon's Manor, and after 
 William Peverell's Fee, Eaft and Nether 
 was Tayn-land, and held of King William 
 the Firlt, but came after to the PevereHs, 
 Reginald de Colwick (who is faid to have- 
 lived an Hundred Years) held Over-Cokvick 
 under Peverell of the King in Capite, by 
 the Payment of twelve barbed Arrows, 
 when he came to Nottingham Caftle. His 
 Pofterity held the faid Manor by the fame 
 Tenure down to near the Reign of King. 
 Richard II. in whofe Reign Joan the Si- 
 fter and Heirefs of Thomas Cclwick, car- 
 ried this Lordfhip to the Family of Byron, 
 by her Marriage of Sir Richard Byron. Ne- 
 ther or Eajl Colwick was for a Time the 
 Eftate and Lordiliip of William de Nod.t- 
 rils, or. Novers, in whofc Family it con- 
 tinued a while, but came at length to 
 the S lory's, whofe Founder was Robert Shry r 
 a Man of great Pofleflions in thefe Parts, 
 one of whofc Daughters and Heirs mar- 
 ried Wood, who having this Manor for 
 her Part fold it to Sir John Byron, who 
 thereby pot bm}\ the Manors, and fold 
 them to Sir James Stonehoufe, but never 
 got much above half the Money, by Rea- 
 fon of the Wars breaking out between the 
 Kino and Parliament, it was ftopped by 
 the Rebels, but fincc the Reftoration the 
 2 Lord
 
 NO f f ING H^M SHIRE. 
 
 Lord Byron hath recovered fome fmall 
 Part of them, and confirmed the Title 
 of Sir John JMufters to the relt. Some 
 Part of this Manor is in Gedling Parifli, 
 which was the Fee of Gsisfrid de Ranfelin. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, which, 
 \vhen it was in the Patronage of the By- 
 row/, was valued at 10 /. but now is in 
 the King's Books 6 I. 2. s. i d. and Sir J-obn 
 Mufters is the Patron. In the North Win- 
 dow of this Church is painted a Man in 
 Coat- Armour, holding on his Arm a 
 Shield, whereon his Arms arc painted, 
 {hewing him to be of the Family of 
 "D'Attbeni of Brant-Broughtw in Lincoln jln re, 
 where there are divers of their Arms 
 painted in tae Church- Windows, as alfo 
 of the Byrons. 
 
 Crumb-well, or CrHtnwell, Part of which 
 belonged to the Manor of Aygrum, which 
 was the Fee of GiJUbert Tyfun, and an- 
 other Part was Tayn-land, held of the 
 King by Alden the Saxon ; but foon after 
 this'it appears, that the Biihop of Lincoln 
 was the Suprcam Lord, of whom Ralph de 
 Crumb-well held it. . This Noble Family 
 continued Lords of this Place in the 
 Male Line till the :Death of the laft 
 Ralph Lord Crumbwell, who was Treafu- 
 rer of 'England, \ i Hen. VI. and Lord 
 Chamberlain of that King's Houmold in 
 the ,oth Year of his Reign. After his 
 Death Sir William Knlvst Kt. and William 
 Fitz-Wi/liams Efq; [3 Hen. VII. were 
 found by an Inquifition, that they were 
 Heirs. to. the late Lord Cmmwell of this 
 Manor, and the Advowfon of the Church. 
 One Moiety continued in the Knivets Fa- 
 mily a while, but being alienated came 
 into the Family of the Earls of Clare. 
 Fitz-Willianis held their Part longer, but 
 at length fold it to the Earls of Clare, all 
 .hut a fmall Part before fold to Mr. Ra- 
 btrt tioyes, a Tanner of Newark, by Sir 
 Thomas Willianifcn Bar. 
 
 The Church here is a ReSory, for- 
 merly in the Patronage of the Family of 
 FitzrWilKamsi or Williamfon, and was then 
 \-alued at twenty Marks ; but now the 
 Earl of Clare is Patron, and k is now va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 13. L z s. $d, 
 
 Eajiborp, an Hamlet belonging to the 
 Manor and Chapter of Siutkwell t where 
 
 101 
 
 William Wymodefold Efq; hath lately; re- 
 built the Seat of his Ancettors, from 
 whom the Manor defcended to him. Tne 
 Tithes of this Hamlet are paid to the Pre- 
 bendaries of Ncrmanton y and the two of 
 Nonwell. 
 
 Edingley, another Hamlet belonging to 
 the Collegiate Church o Southwell, where 
 the Prebendary of Woodbureb claimerh and 
 hath View of all the Tenants twice a 
 Year, and W&yfe in the faid Hamlet, 
 and the Prebendaries of Normanton, and 
 the two Norzuells have all the predial 
 Tithes. The Vicarage of this Place is in 
 the Patronage of the Chapter of South- 
 well, and is valued in the King's Books 
 at 4 /. In l6l^ Mr. William Cartwriglt 
 had good PolTefiions in this Hamlet. 
 
 Eperjlon, or Epreftoti, had two Manors, 
 one of them before the Conqueft was 
 TJlvric and E//?'s, which after was the Fee 
 of Ralph de Limofin ; the other at that 
 Time was U/wWs, which becamo Riger d; 
 Bujli's. The greateft Part of die Town 
 \vas Ralph de Limofais, who, having found- 
 ed a Priory at Hartford, gave fome of the 
 Tithes here to that Monajtery. His Fa- 
 mily, after fome Succellions, ended in 
 two Female Heirs, '. B.ifittca and Elea- 
 nora, the Daughters of Gerard de Limcjin, 
 who marrying, the former to Hugh de 0- 
 dinpfeUcs, a Flemming, and the youger to- 
 David de Lir.dfey, a Scctclmatr, this Alanor 
 fell to the eldcft, and her Son,. Gerard de 
 Odir.pfelles, inherited if, and under him 
 William Satnpfon held it jfn die Time o 
 King H?n;y III. This Family ofQcGngfettes 
 have continued long in this Place, .ai:ct 
 have fome Intereil in this Manor at this 
 Time; but the far greateit Share of this 
 Fqe of the Lino/l's continued in the Po- 
 fterity of Will'vim S.a,npfj# above men- 
 tioned. One of whom, named alfo Wll- , 
 Ham, gave to God and the Church of St, 
 Peter at Tkurgarton, and the Brethren 
 there ferving God, a Crofc of Land in 
 this his Manor, called Crs^kveH, to which 
 his Grandfon, Sir William Sattipfon, added 
 two Acres of Wood lying pa the Weil 
 Side of the faid Croft. His De-Tcendant T 
 another William, obtained a Grant of u 
 Free-Warren in this his Manor ; but after 
 tius it continued no long Time in the Fa- 
 mil-/
 
 102 
 
 #0 TflNGHJ MS HIRE. 
 
 .imly of Satnpfons ; for in the fifth Year of 
 KirgE^awd II. 
 
 John Sampfon, the Son of Sir William 
 ;Sampfon Kt. did remifc to Paganus, or 
 P<*/> de Tybetot, and ^JTM his Wife, and 
 the Heirs and Afligns of the faid Pain, all 
 his Right and Claim in this Manor, with 
 the Advowfon of the Church. He was a 
 Man much in Favour with King Edward 
 II. and was made by him Juftice of all 
 the King's Forrefts beyond Trent, as alfo 
 Governor of the Cattle of Northampton, 
 &>c. About this Time he obtained a 
 Charter for a Free- Wan-en in all his De- 
 mefne Lands here, (which fhcws, that 
 the Charter obtained by William Sampfon 
 above mentioned was of no Validity) 
 with a Market there every Week upon 
 Tuefday, and a Fair on the Eve, Day, and 
 Morrow of The Exaltation of the Holy Crofs, 
 Sept. 14. but the Market is'difufcd, if not 
 the Fair. He was (lain in the fatal Battle 
 of Strheling, 7 Edw. II. and left it to his 
 Son, John de Tlbetot, annexed to the Ma- 
 nor of Langar, as it has ever fince con- 
 tinned. The other Manor, which was 
 Roger de B/7/'s, having pafled thro' many 
 Families, as the Jorz.es, Cbitwinds, Haw- 
 bttrghs, &c. refts now in John Walker Gent.- 
 v.ho is the prefcnt Owner, as his An- 
 ceftors Have been ever fince the Reign of 
 King Henry VII. but Refill Wood which 
 was the Lord CJw&orth's, is now by Pur- 
 chafe come to John Dunkling, who hath 
 built himfelf a pretty little Brick Houfe 
 upon it, and makes it the Place of his 
 Rcfidence. 
 
 The Church here is a Heftory, of 
 \vhich the Defccndant of the Lord Scroop, 
 viz,- J^ohn Scroop E<q; is Patron. It is va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 137. I s. 8 d. 
 In the Windows of the Church are the 
 ArmsoftheOdingfelles, Strelleys, and Ty- 
 bitots, and in the Chancel thofc of Hertz,, 
 SampfoK, and Scroop, TLoudham, Hetherfege, 
 Grey of Codnovre, Od'niffells, Strelley, and 
 Tybitot. 
 
 Earlrjhagh, an Hamlet of Cannton, the 
 Manor of which was the Eftate of Mr. 
 Thomas Mathers, and is now, or late was, 
 his Pofterity's. The Monaftcry of Rufford 
 had fome Lands here given by the An- 
 ceftors of Mr. Thomas Mufikantfr who 
 confirmed it. 
 
 Farnesfrlct, an Hamlet belonging to the 
 Soke of Southwell, in which, as we find 
 by Domefday-Book, the King had one Bo- 
 vat of Land for his Geld near Snottingham y 
 and Walter De Ainccurt had Soc to his Ma- 
 nor of Horingham, or Hoveringham. The 
 Vicars Choral of the Collegiate ChnrcK 
 of Southwell had Lands of good Value in 
 this Hamlet, and the Predial Tithes were 
 divided between the three Prebendaries 
 of Ncrmanton and two of Norwell. The 
 Church here is a Vicarage, valued anci- 
 ently at eight Marks, but now at four 
 Pounds. 
 
 Fiskerton, a Manor belonging to Tort 
 the Saxon before the Conqueft, and to 
 Walter de Ayncourt after. Ralph de Ayn- 
 court his Defendant gave this whole Town 
 to the Monaftery of Thurgarton, the Prior 
 of which Houfe, 54 Hen. III. obtained a 
 Market and Fair upon this Manor ; but 
 the Market, if not the Fair, hath been 
 long difufed. Here was a Family, who 
 took their Name from this Manor, bein^ 
 called De Fiskerton, we fuppofe, becaufe 
 they held the Manor-houfe and Grange 
 under the Abbot and Convent many Suc- 
 cerfions, if not fo long as the Monaftery 
 had any Thing to do here. Upon the 
 Diflblution of the Abbies this Town was 
 divided into many Parts by the Donations 
 of the Crown to feveral Perfons; for i. 
 The Grange was given, 4 Phil. & Mar. I. 
 to Edward Fines Kt. Lord Clinton and Say. 
 2, All the Demefne and Manor, with the 
 Tithes and Paflage of Fiskerton, to Thomas 
 Cooper Efq; and his Heirs, by Queen Eli- 
 zabeth, Reg. 4. which Sir Roger Cooper, his 
 Defccndant, fold to Hunthigton Plumbtree, 
 Doftor of Phyfick, in 1649, whofe Son 
 and Heir lately poflefled fome Part of it, 
 but hath fold the Ferry and fome Farms 
 to John Cliffs of 'Nottingham, as Sir Roger 
 did fome Parcels to Air. Atklnfon and o- 
 thers. The Tithes of this Manor are di- 
 vided among the Prebendaries of South- 
 well, viz,, thofe of Normanton and Nor- 
 tvell. We do not find any Vicarage 
 here. 
 
 Flcdborough, or Tladbur^e, was the Manor 
 of the famous Lady Godevi, the Countefs 
 of Leuric Earl of Merc'ta ; but after the 
 Conqueft it became the Fee of the Bifliop 
 
 of
 
 NO Tf ING 
 
 whofe Man or Tenant one Nl- 
 was, and from the Place was called 
 Nigellus de Fleburg, or Flcdbttrgh. From this 
 Family it came to Nigellus de Leyfures, 
 whofe Pofterity held it till 38 Ediv. III. 
 when IlTue Male failing in John de Lyfeux, 
 the Maner came to the Bajjets, who held 
 it from that Time to the Reign of King 
 James I. when John Bajfet fold this Ma- 
 nor to the Feoftees of the then Earl of 
 Shrewsbury, from which honourable Fa- 
 mily it hath fince pafled to the Earls of 
 Kingjlon, whofe Defcendant the Right Ho- 
 nourable Evelyn Duke of Kingfton is now, 
 or late was, the Pofleflbr of it. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory in tke 
 Patronage of the Duke of Kingjlon. It is 
 valued in the King's Books at prefent at 
 5> /. 7 s. 6 d, John de Lyfeux founded a 
 Chantry in this Church, i 7 Edw. III. and 
 gave to it at the firft Foundation one 
 Mefluage and three Bovats of Land, and 
 afterwards obtained of the fame King a 
 Licence to appropriate the Tithes of Fled- 
 turg, to maintain certain Chaplains for 
 that Purpofe. The Licence bears Date 
 Nov. 6. 20 Edw. III. 
 
 Gedling, or Ghelling, the Manor of one 
 "Dunjlane, a Saxon, before the Conqueror's 
 Arrival, and after it Roger de Bujli s, from 
 whofe Pofterity it came to Richard de Nor- 
 manvlle, whofe Defcendant Thomas Nor- 
 jtianvile Kt. pafled it by Fine and Reco- 
 very, 10 Edw. IV. to Robert Rooi of Lax- 
 ton, with Warranty againft Thomas Abbat 
 of Klrkjlall, and his Succeflbrs. In the 
 Reign of King Edward IV. Anno i 5. thi> 
 Manor was granted by that King, into ' 
 whofe Hands it came (as'we fuppofe) by 
 an Attainder to Galiard de Durford, Lord 
 of Duras, and his Heirs Male ; but it 
 feems he had none, or he alfo forfeited it 
 by fiding with the Yorkijts ; for we find, 
 that in the Reign of King Henry VII. An- 
 no 2. this Manor was the Eftace of Wll- 
 Uam Lord Vifcount Beaumont, whofe Si- 
 fter and Heir marrying to John Lord Lo- 
 vtll, who fought againft that King at the 
 Battle of Stcke t and was flain, her Eftatc 
 became forfeited to the Crown, and there 
 remained fome Time, but at length King 
 Henry VIII,. Reg. 10. granted it to Henry 
 
 ! Efq> that Lord's Sifter's Son ;, but 
 
 B. 103 
 
 he alfo being attainted in the 28th of that 
 King's Reign, it came again to the Crown, 
 and was granted to the Lady Anne Stan- 
 hope, the Aneeltor of the Chejt'erfeld Fa- 
 mily. We find no farther Account of this 
 Ala nor. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Parim, before the 
 Diflblution of the Abbies, belonged to the 
 Monaftery of Shelford, but after was given 
 by King Henry VIII. Reg. 31. to Michael- 
 Stanhope Efq; and Anne his Wife, and their 
 Heirs. While it belonged to the Monks 
 it had a Vicarage, to which they pre- 
 fented ; but fince both have been in the 
 Family of the Stanhopes, the Reftory and 
 Vicarage continue diftinft, and the EarL 
 of Chejlerfeld prefents to both. The Re&o- 
 ry in the King's Books is 14 /. 6s. '.. and. 
 Vicarage 6 I. 16 s, 8 d. In the Church 
 Windows are the Arms of Normanvile, 
 Bardolf, Beaumont, and Lord Crumwell. 
 In 12 Ed<w. II. the Parfon of this Church 
 of Gedling had a Piece of Ground one 
 Hundred and ninety Foot long, and twen- 
 ty Foot in Breadth, granted him, to en- 
 large the Yard or Cemetery belonging to 
 this Church. 
 
 Glbfmere, an Hamlet of Southwell, the 
 Manor of which belonged to the Family 
 of the Annejleys for fome Succeilions, till 
 in 14 Hen. VI. John de Annejley made it. 
 over to John Mxckwortb Dean of Lincoln, 
 and others, in Truft for his only Daugh- 
 ter and Heir, Alice de Annejley.. She mar- 
 ried George Chaivortb, the third Son of Sir 
 Thomas Chaworth, from whom P.itnck Vif- 
 count Chaworth, as Heir Male, is lineally" 
 defcended, and inherits- this Manor , bur 
 has his Refidenca at Annejley, where he- 
 has a very commodious Scat, and a plea- 
 fan t Park. 
 
 The Predial Tithes of this Hamlet be- 
 long to the Collegiate Church of South- 
 ii-eH, and arc a Part of the Tir lies of le- 
 veral Parifhes, which make the Preben- 
 daries of -'Norm an'tcn and thofe of Nar&d!' 
 in that Church. 
 
 Gourtcn, or Goiterton, an Hamlet belong- 
 ing alfo t&SoHthwell, out of which Robert de 
 
 Bur/tall gave a Rent of fix Shillings and 
 fix Pence to the Priory of Thnrg.irtw>. 
 and one Bovat of Arable with Meadow,, 
 to maiii tain- -the Faiurick of tlie Church^ 
 
 The-
 
 NOT? ING HA MS HIRE. 
 
 104 
 
 The Family of De Gotterton, who took 
 their Name from hence, fecm to have 
 held rhe whole Manor at .that Time, be- 
 c.uifo the Rent of 6 j. 6 d. given by Sir 
 Robert BurJlaU, was ordered to be, paid by 
 YC'JW the Son of Hugb de Gouertoi and his 
 ikirs. The Tithes of this Hamlet, before 
 thcDiflblution of the Priories, were given 
 to the Church of Southwell, to be divided, 
 as in Farnesfield, Gihfmere, Qfc. But afcer 
 the Diflbluticm the Lands given -to the 
 Priory of Tbwgarton were granted to Tho- 
 .,'.:< Coper and his Heirs, and the Tithes 
 to the Lady Stankope. Blefehy is the Pa- 
 riih Church to this Hamlet. 
 
 Rigby and Perchal Gunfton Gent, and their 
 Heirs, and the Lands to John Sonkey and 
 the faid ,Perc'wal Gunfron. 
 
 Guvnaljlon, Gttnnovejion, GonMon, and 
 Gonalfafj, \vas the Manor of UIJi the 
 Saxon, till the Conqueror gave it to Wil- 
 liam de Peverel. Here was alfo Ibine Tayn- 
 Land, held by Aldene, the Progenitor of 
 the Family of Crumwell. Erbert, a Knight 
 of William Pcverell's, held this Manor in 
 the Time of King Henry I. and left it to 
 Emma his cldelt Daughter, and one of 
 his Co-heirs, who, marrying to Iiio de 
 Heriz, brought this Manor into his Fa- 
 mi^, in which it continued many Suc- 
 
 Greftkorp had two Manors before the cefiions, till Sir J-ohn de Heriz,, 18 Ed. II. 
 Conqueft, which were the Lordthips of fettled this Manor and other his Eftate 
 the two Saxons, Durtnlng, and Gran, but on Roger Beler, his Daughter Margaret's 
 fitter it were the. Fee .of Roger Eujll both, Son, from whofe Pofterity it paflcd by 
 .from whom they came to William de Love- 
 tot before the; Reign of King Henry I. 
 Matlldis. de Lovetot, his Grand-daughter 
 and Heir, having married Gerard de Fur- 
 r.ival left it to her Son, William de Furnl- 
 tal, who was in Pofleflion of it, 19 Ed. II. 
 and left it to his Poftcrity, with whom it 
 continued till Thomas de Furnlyall, tho'he 
 had a Son of his own Name, had fo ali- 
 enated it, that he held if, 6 Edu>. III. 
 
 of Pbilippa then Queen of England, as of to God and the Church of Lenton. Philip 
 the Honour of Tlkhlll, by the Service of Son of Odo gave two Bovats of Land in 
 two Knights Fees and a Quarter, who this Parifh to the Priory of Tkurgarton, 
 probably took it from his Son, and gave which John de Herlz,, Lord of the Manor, 
 it to Michael de la Pole Earl' of Suffolk, ' 
 for we find him in Poflefiion of it, 28 
 Ed<w. III. and his Son and Wife ^Hen. V. 
 and William and fokn, Dukes of Suffolk, 
 his Defccndanrs afterward. Of late_ this 
 Manor was Mr. Darnel's, who fold it .to 
 Edward Pbirmey. 
 
 In the Times of Popery there was in 
 this Place a Chapel, founded to the Ho- 
 
 the Heirs Female of the Families of Ri- 
 vere, Siv'iUington, and Grey, to the Pier- 
 points, of whom Sir Henry fold this Manor 
 to one Mr. Momx an Alderman of Lon- 
 don, whofe Poftcrity ftill, or .lately- did 
 enjoy it, Sir Humfhrfy Monox, or his Son, 
 being now Lords of it. William de Heriz t 
 with the Confent of Aelina his Wife, and 
 Robert his Brother, gax^e half his Mill in 
 this Town, and Wood of his Woods here 
 
 nour of St. James, and certain Parcels of 
 Land and Meadow, called Priejls-Land, 
 containing fixteen Acres, and one little 
 Croft, called Prleft-Tfird, given for flic 
 Maintenance of a Prieft in the faid free 
 Chapel of St. jFamej in Greftbovpe ; but the 
 Chapel being become ruinous after the 
 
 SupprefTion of rhe Abbics, and other reli- of Moreton, had given them, \ 
 gious Houfcs, and made uff of only as a other Advowfons ; but it fcems, 
 Earn and Cottage, her Majcfty Queen had the beft Title, forjye. find, that he 
 Elizabeth granted the Chapel to Alexander prefented in the 9th of that King. From 
 
 them 
 
 having confirmed, made a further Agree- 
 ment with the Prior and Convent, that 
 they fhould have fifty Cattle to pafture 
 on the Commons and Woods here, and 
 he eighty ; they fifty Swine, or in a Year 
 for Acorns fixty, and he as many as he 
 pleafed ; and if they inclofed their Woods, 
 they Should lofe their Commonage, and 
 he might inclofe his. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, and 
 was for fome Time wholly in the Gift of 
 the Family of Hertz. ', but in the Reign 
 of King J-ohn there was ft Contclt at Law 
 about the Adyowfon of it, between Ivq de 
 Hertz, and the Archbifhop and Canons of 
 which that King, when he was Earl 
 with fome 
 that Ivo
 
 NOfflNGHJMSHIKE. 
 
 them the Advowfon of the Living has all 
 along gone with the Manor, and is now 
 in the Monox's, the prefent Lords ; but 
 two Parts of the Tithes of Peverelfs De- 
 mefne were given to the Priory of Lent on 
 at the firil Foundation of it by Erbert Pe- 
 verell Kt. above mentioned ; but we fup- 
 pofe at the Diflblution of the Mbnarteries 
 were united with the Re&ory, which is 
 now valued in the King's Books at 7 /. 
 19 j. i d. In this Church on the North 
 Side are three ancient Tombs lying on 
 the Ground, but for Want of Infcriptions 
 not known for whom. Two of them are 
 Knights lying crofs-legged, and upon one 
 of their Shields are three Hedg-hogs em- 
 bofled ; the third is for a Woman, ha- 
 ving a Dog at her Feet, as the Alen have 
 Lions. In the Windows of the Church 
 the Arms of the Families of 
 
 are 
 
 Roos of Hamlake, Sivillington, and Mono*, 
 and in the Chancel thofe of Swillington 
 and Heriz. 
 
 Here was an ancient Chapel, Chantry, 
 or Hofpital, founded by one of the Fa- 
 mily of Heriz, called the Chantry or Hof- 
 pital of Bradbusk, or Brodbusk in Gonajlon, 
 which thro' many Patents of Conceal- 
 ments continueth an Hofpital to this 
 Day, going commonly by the Name of 
 Gonajlon Spittle. It was conveyed by Sir 
 Henry Pierpoint, with the Manor, to Alder- 
 man Monox ; and fo we fuppole the Set- 
 tlement of fuch poor People in it as it 
 will maintain, if there be any Revenues 
 belonging to it, or it may be a proper 
 Habitation for them, is in the Gift of 
 that Family. 
 
 Greaveflane, an Hamlet of the great 
 Soke of Southwell, for the Maintenance 
 of three of the Prebendaries of which 
 Collegiate Church, one of Normanton, 
 and two of Harwell, the predial Tithes 
 ,of this Place, among feveral others, are 
 given. 
 
 Gunthorp, a Manor, which Morcar the 
 Saxon had before the Conqueft, and Roger 
 tie Bujli after it. The Profits of this Ma- 
 nor were very confiderable, for the Lord 
 had all Toll, the Ferry-Boat, two Pifca- 
 yies or Fifhings, and one Hundred and 
 eighty Acres of Meadow, Pafture, and 
 Wooa, fix Quarentenes long, and five 
 
 I0 5 
 
 broad. Ralph de Bella/ago gave to God 
 and the Church of Lenton, for the Souls 
 of his Parents, and of his Sovereign Lord 
 King Henry I. two Bovats of Land, and 
 a fhort \\ong, and one Acre of Mea- 
 dow in the Ker at Guntkorp. Gilbert fie 
 Norfokks alfo gave to the Canons of Wd~ 
 becks an Acquittance of his Paflage over 
 the Trent here fo far as belonged to his 
 Part. King Henry III. Reg. 49. granted 
 to Simon de Montfort Earl of Leicefter, and 
 Eleanor his Countefs, being that King's 
 Sifter, this Manor ofdfurithorfo with the 
 Soke and all the Appurtenances, which 
 he left to their Son Henry, and his Heirs ; 
 but their Defcendant Simon having for- 
 feited it with his other Eftates to the- 
 Crown by his Rebellion, that King granjr- 
 ed it to Edmund his own Son, and his 
 Heirs ; -but Peter de Montfort, 6 Ed-ja. I. 
 redeemed thefe Lands in Gunthtn-p of Ed- 
 mund the King's Brother, according to 
 the Decree of Kenilivortb, for two Hun- 
 dred and twenty Marks, and intaiied it 
 on himfelf, his Wife, and his own right 
 Heirs, not excepting John his natural 
 Son by Lora de Okenhale his Concubine, by 
 which Entail it came, I Rich. II. to Sir 
 Baldwin Frevile, and his Heir-;, who in- 
 herited it three Defcents, and then fall- 
 ing to the Heirs General, it came to Sir 
 Richard de Bingham, then one of the Ju-. 
 ftices of the King's Bench, and his Heirs, 
 by the Marriage of Margaret, the fecond 
 Daughter of the fecond Sir Bald-win. 
 
 Tho' this Hamlet or Village belonged 
 to the Parifh of Ludham, yet Gxnibarp had 
 a Chapel of its own, which King John 
 granted with the Church of Ludham to 
 the Arcbbimop of Roan, and the Canons 
 there, as of the Chapelry of Blythe, af- 
 terwards called Part of the free Chapel 
 of Tickhill, yet 8 Edw. II. the Archbifliop 
 of York claimed to have ordinary Jurif- 
 dition and Inftitution of the Cnurches 
 and Vicarages of Ludham, as not annexed 
 to the King's Chapel of Tikhill, The 
 Tithes of this Hamlet belong to the Re- 
 ftory of Ludhatn, which is in the Duke 
 of Kingfton'z Gift, and is valued at . 
 
 But Roger de Bujli and Muriel his Wife, 
 in the Year 1088, gave to the Mona- 
 fterp of Blythe, which he founded, tj&o 
 O
 
 HOTTING HAM SHIRE. 
 
 Parts of the Tithes of the Hall in Gun- 
 tt-crp in Land, ElTarts, and all fmajl 
 Tithes. 
 
 Hahm, or Halum, a Member or Ham- 
 let of the great Soc of Southwell, and all 
 the Inhabitants hold of the Chapter 
 there both their Freeholds, which are 
 but fmall, and Copyholds, who are to 
 appear twice a Year at a Court-Lcet at 
 Southwell, with thofe of fome other 
 Towns, to do their Suit and Service. 
 Here is an ancient capital Mefluage, and 
 a good Dcmefne, all Freehold, the Inhe- 
 ritance of a Branch of the Family de 
 Lecca, or Leekes, called Leeks of Halam, 
 becatife their Refidence was here. Adam 
 Leeke of this Place had a Monument in 
 Southwell Church. But William Leek Efq; 
 \vho died in the Year 1673, Son an ^ Heir 
 of Herbert Leek, being left by his faid Fa- 
 ther in as much Debt as his Seat here 
 was worth, and having married the Heir- 
 efs of Mr. Bolls of Osberton, fold this his 
 Scat to Richard Lloyd Efq; who was Sheriff 
 of this County the fame Year, and re- 
 moved to his Wife's Eftate at Osberton. 
 Mr. 'Floyd has built fince a fair Houfe of 
 Brick and Stone, and refides at it. 
 
 The predial Tithes of this Hamlet are 
 fettled upon three Picbendaries of the 
 Church of Southwell, viz.- one of Nor man - 
 ton, and two others of Norwell, with thofc 
 of fome other Towns, for their Support 
 and Maintenance. 
 
 Halloughton, Halm if on, orHawton, makes 
 an intire Prebend in Southwell, and is 
 called the Lay- Prebend, becaufe it hath 
 nothing fpiritual but the Tithes of its 
 own Lands, which arc on that Account 
 Tithe-free. John Foreft hath this Manor 
 of Holhughton, or Hawtcn, with all the o- 
 thcr Lands and Tithes of the Parifh. Sir 
 Charles Oufeley, or Wolfley, had it not long 
 fince in Leafc, and we fuppofc his Heirs 
 enjoy it ttill. The Prebend of Hawton, 
 or Halton, was worth anciently 10 /. but 
 now but 8 /. 17 j. 6 d. in the King's 
 Books. 
 
 Horerton, Ocretone, or Hockerton, was be- 
 fore the Conqueft the Demefne ofVlJl and 
 Turcbil, two Saxons ; but after it was the 
 Fee of Roger de Bujli. Tori the Saxon had 
 a Manor rdfo here, which Walter de Ayn- 
 
 fourt obtained of the Conqueror, as he did 
 all Tori's Lands elfewhere. We have no 
 certain Information of the Defcent of 
 either of thefe Manors to other Families, 
 but fuppofe, that the Family de Hokerton 
 held thefe Manors, till William de Pincema 
 or le Butiler came into Pofleflion of them 
 about the Reign of King Henry II. for we 
 find John de Boteler inheriting this Manor 
 from his Predeceflbrs, and fettling this 
 whole Manor of Hockerton, with all its Ap- 
 purtenances, as Services, Wards, Reliefs, 
 Efcheats, Suits of Court, and the Advowfon 
 of the Living on Andrew his Son, and He- 
 lena his Wife, and the Heirs of their Bo- 
 dies. From the Botilers it pafled to John 
 de Bridgford about Richard the Second's 
 Time, and from him, thro' the Hands of 
 Bowman and Alford, to Sir jFohn Dunham 
 Kt. by Purchafe, who having no Ifllie 
 Male, his Daughter and Heir Katharine 
 inherited it, and by Marriage carried 
 it into the Family of Henry Leigh of 
 Rujhall Efq; whole Son and Heir Edward 
 Leigh then Efq; but afterwards knighted, 
 fold it by Parcels to John Bonn Efq; Ser- 
 jeant at Law, and fome others. 
 
 Several Parcels of this Manor have at 
 Times been given to religious Ufes, viz.. 
 Rocelin Fitz- Richard, for the Remedy of 
 his own, his Wife's and Childrens Souls, 
 and for the Souls of his Father, Mother, 
 Brothers, and Sifters, gave the Wood in 
 this Place, called Rahaghe, to the Monks 
 of Rufford in pure Alms, which Gift Co- 
 nan Duke of Britain and Earl of Richmond, 
 and Jocelln the Son of Rocelin confirmed 
 to the faid Monks ; and Ralph his Grand- 
 fon engaged, in the Prefence of tha 
 Chapter of Southwell, to warrant and pro- 
 cure them a Charter from the Earl of 
 Richmond further to infure it to them. 
 Alured de Walur gave alfo to the Brethren 
 of Rufford, in the Prefence of the Chapter 
 of Southwell, two Bovats of Land in this 
 Place, wkh their proper dwelling Honfes, 
 and their Appurtenances, which Adelina 
 his Wife, and Bajilea de H kerton, her Mo- 
 ther, confirmed. John, the Son of Alured 
 de Walur, gave alfo to the faid Monks of 
 Rufford one Wong of Land in this Place, 
 lying on the Eaft Side of Wudehoufe; and 
 Ralph de Hockerton gave them two Acres 
 
 and
 
 and an half, lying nigh Hokerton Meadow, 
 and the common Pafture of chat Manor. 
 G,odfry de Angevin alfo, for the Souls of 
 his father Henry and Mother Aubrey, gave 
 the fard Monks a Wong in this Town, 
 then held by John At Ho.kerton in Wejlfeld. 
 Hubert de Hokerton alfo gax r e and confirm 'd 
 to God, St. JMary, and the Monks of 
 R;<ff>rd, four Sclions of Land in the Ter- 
 _ ritories of Hockerton, for which thofe 
 Monks were of their Charity to give him 
 yearly during his Life, at the Feaft of 
 St. Michael, a Pair of Shooes, or four 
 Pence in Money, and moreover to grant 
 him their Brotherhood, and after his 
 Death to do for him as a Convert. John 
 Criche alfo gave to the faid Monks the 
 Homage and Service of Beatrix his Bro- 
 ther's Daughter, and her Heirs, with the 
 Farm of 40 d. for two Bovats fhe held of 
 him in this Town. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Reflory, 
 in the Patronage of Thomas Brereton Efq; 
 and is at this Time valued in the King's 
 Books at 9 /. 9 s. 4 ft. 
 
 Horfepool, or Horfepole, a Manor, of which 
 'tis probable the Family of Horfyotts were 
 the firft Lords afcer the Conqueft ; but 
 afcer them the Family of Kir hi were Own- 
 ers of it ; but being given to the Church 
 of ThurzartMj it became the Demefne of 
 that Abbot and Convent ; but yet both 
 the HcrfpcHs and Kiriols had fomc Poflefll- 
 ons and Privileges in this Manor a Jong 
 Time after, for in or upon the great 
 Day of Bidripe, Richard de Horfpoll was to 
 find five Workmen, and one free Ser- 
 vant, and no Alan might work or carry on 
 that Day but John Kiriel only, who was a 
 i-'ieeholder in the Manor, and paid an 
 Halfpenny at Clmjlmas, which made up 
 the Rents of the Freeholders and Natives 
 of the Town forty-nine Shillings The 
 Parifli Church of Thurgarton is the Place 
 for divine Wormip for this Hamlet. 
 
 Holme, an Hamlet belonging to North 
 Muskam. It feems to be on the oth?r 
 Side of the Trent, and fo rather ro be in 
 the Wapentake of Newark than of this of 
 Thurgartcn ; but the Miftake arifcth from 
 hence, that the Trent has gained a new 
 Stream, which now runs on this Side of 
 it, whereas the ol-d Current was beyond 
 
 H4M SHIRE. 107 
 
 the utmoft Parr of Holme, and tho* it be 
 now no more than a dry Ditch, it is the 
 Limits between this Wapentake and Nky- 
 ark. The Manor here belonged to the Ab- 
 bey of Rxfford, till the Diflblution by- 
 King Henry VIII. when it was given, witli 
 many other Eftates and Manors there- 
 unto belonging, to George Earl of Shrewf- 
 bury, his Heirs and Afligns, for the tenth 
 Part of a Knight's Fee, &>c. Here were 
 fome Lands given to religious Ufes, viz* 
 by Gilbert Fitz-Lene, who gave one Mef- 
 fuage, three Acres of Land, and five 
 Acres of Meadow in this Town to the 
 Hofpital of Stoke by Newark ; as alfo by 
 Richard de Sutton, whofe Executors, by his 
 Appointment and with his Money, pur- 
 chafed Lands and Rents here, and fettled 
 them upon the Prebendary of Muskam t 
 and his Succeflbrs, on Condition, that 
 he mould pay 20 /. a Quarter to the 
 Prieft, who faid Mafs for the Souls of 
 himfelf, Brethren, &>c. as oft as Mafs 
 for their dead Benefactors was celebrated. 
 This Hamlet did fome Years fince belong 
 to Sir Thomas Barton, a Perfon of great 
 Pofleffions in Lancajlrire, whofe Anceftor 
 was a Merchant or the Staple, and built 
 a fair Houfe here of Stone, with a fair 
 Chapel, as large as a Parifh. Church. In 
 the Windows of the Houfe he caufcd 
 thefe Verfes to be fet. 
 
 / thanke God, and ever jhall, 
 It is the Sheep, that paid for all. 
 
 Which contains a thankful and humble 
 Acknowledgment of the Means whereby, 
 thro' God's Blefling, he got his Eftate, 
 which now is, or late was, the PofTeilion 
 of the Lord Belafis, fome Time Governor 
 of Newark, and his Heirs. 
 
 Hoveringham, commonly calle i Horr'fng- 
 ham, a Manor belonging to Swain the 
 Saxon before the Conqueft, and after to 
 Walter de Ayncourt. Hugh de Hoveringham 
 feems to have been Lord of this Manor 
 in the Reign of King Henry III. and from 
 his Family it pafled in a little Time to 
 the Family of Gonjle, which held it di- 
 vers Succeffions, till Iflfuc Male failing in 
 Sir Robert Go/fill, this Manor, with other 
 Eitates, palled by Elizabeth his> Daughter 
 
 "O I t3
 
 to Anthcry Win?feld Efq; to whom fhe 
 married, and after him to Thomas de Ho- 
 tot, who by his Feoffees gave this Manor 
 of Hcverixpham, with the Homages, Rent, 
 arid Services of the Freeholders, all na- 
 med in the Deed to Robert the Prior and 
 Convent of Tburgarton, and their Succef- 
 fors. King Henry VIII. when he ere&ed 
 his new College in Cambridge, which he 
 dedicated to Holy Trinity, fettled this Ma- 
 nor of Hoveringham upon it, and to it it 
 
 now belongs. The Family of Coopers have 
 held this Manor ever fmce the Diflblu- 
 tion ; and Mr. Cecil Cooper is the prefent 
 grand Tenant of it to that Society. 
 
 In the Church of Hoveringba>n, in the 
 North Ifle Windows, are the Arms of the 
 Families of Hetberfege and S. Quint'in ', 
 and in the Windows of the South ifle and 
 Chancel, of the Deincourts. Upon a plain 
 Stone in the South Ifle is a Monument 
 thus infcribed. 
 
 Nicholaus de Go-all Miles, fllus Tl:om* de Goufel Mifttis, <?ui 
 obilt mortem die S. Prifc* Virginia, fan. 18. Anno Domini 1 393. 
 
 And upon the Wall is painted the Eng!if}. 
 
 Here lieth the Body of Sir Nicholas Goufi'tU Son of Sir Tiro- 
 mas Gozil, which Sir Nicholas died in the Yea'r 1 393 on S. 
 Prifca's Day, January 18. 
 
 By the above mentioned Stone is a fair 
 Tcmb for Sir Robert Gottfoill, and the 
 Dutchefa of Norfolk his Lady, upon which 
 are their Statues, as is fuppofed by the 
 Coronet on his Lady's Head. Under his 
 Head is placed the Figure of n-Black- 
 xtoor's Head crowned, and Parr of the Bo- 
 dy, with a Wreath about the Neck. A- 
 bout the Tomb are the Arms of divers 
 Families, AS of the Leeks, Babingtons, and 
 divers, others, but now worn out. 
 
 Kelbam, Kellum, and in Dome/day-Book 
 Calune, was divided into feveral Seignio- 
 ries, of which the moft considerable was 
 the Fee of Roger de Bujli, which before 
 the Conqueft Turckil and Godrlc the Saxons 
 held for two Manors. Turold was Roger's 
 Tenant. Another Parcel of this Town- 
 fhip was the Fee of Walter Dayncourt, and 
 a third Part "Ralph de Buron's, to whom 
 William was Tenant. Gljlibert Tyfon had 
 alfo a Manor here, which before theCon- 
 qncit was Alurics the Saxon ; and there 
 was another Parcel, which belong to the 
 TayneSy which Wchel held, and afterwards 
 Aldene the the Progenitor of the Crumb- 
 welfs. Eujli s Fee came in a fhort Time 
 to Gilbert de Chelum, and from him to the 
 Family of Tales, or Tukes, who held it a 
 confiderable Time, and then it pafled to 
 the Ffllejambs, who pofleflcd it till the Mid- 
 dle of the lait Century, when it waj pur- 
 
 chafed by Parcels by William Suftcn, Fa- 
 ther of Robert Lord Lexington. The Deyn- 
 courts Part was held by the Families of 
 Staunton and Rollefion, and the Tyfuns went 
 with Averham, from whofe ancient Lords, 
 the Lexingtons, it defcended by the Fe- 
 male Heirs, that married into the Sut- 
 ton Family, by Inheritance, to the Lords 
 Lexingtons who now enjoy it. Some other 
 Parts of the Town and Fields of it were 
 for a long Time the Inheritance of the 
 Family 01 the Robertfons, who held them 
 till the Death of Jobn Robert/on Efq; the 
 laft Heir Male of that Houfe, when their 
 Eftates defcended to his two Sifters and 
 Coheirs, and their Heirs, who have all 
 fold their Inheritances to the late Lord 
 Lexington. 
 
 Divers Parcels of Land in this Town- 
 fliip were given to religious Houfes, viz* 
 a Parcel of Land, in which the Sheep- 
 houfe, or Lathe of the Monks was fituated, 
 was given by William de Tulc, or Tuke, as 
 alfo a Grange or Hamlet in this Lordmip 
 by feveral Perfons to the Monaftery of 
 Rnfford. William Tttke alfo, the Son of 
 the 'forementioned William, gave four 
 Acres of his Demefne here to the faid 
 Monks, as did alfo Mailer de Rollajlon a 
 Wong, /. e. forty Acres of Land, and Mai- 
 gar de Stauttton five Bovats. Walter de Kel- 
 lum alfo, the Son of Maurice, by and 
 4 with
 
 I N G H J M S U I R E. 109 
 
 Manor, till about the Middle of the laft 
 Century by the Death of John Robertfon, 
 the laft Heir Male of that Family, it fell 
 to the Share of one Mr. Gnrnon his Ne- 
 phew, and one of his Heirs, who hath 
 fince fold if. 
 
 Several Parts of this Manor, tho* but 
 fmall, were of old given to religious Ufes, 
 viz.' John de Croxtox, gave all his Lands 
 
 A . 9 H 
 
 with the Con fen t of Tyjjandx his Mother, 
 gave the Advowfbn of two Parts of the 
 Church of Kelham, with an- Acre of Land 
 there to the Abbey of Welberk ; but it 
 leems, that the Advowfbn was afterward 
 divided between the Abbot of Welbetk and 
 Prior of Sbel-ord, each of rhem to have a 
 Moiety. Walter de Amundevilla alfo tefti- 
 fy'd, that Gilbert de Kelum, by the Con- 
 lent of Alafe his Wife, gave in pure Alms in Mickleburg in the Territories of 
 to the Monks of Rujfvrd twenty Acres in fale to the Canons of Stanley-Park, called 
 the Territories of Kelum by the Park of Dale-Abby, and his Brother Richard con- 
 Hugh Mufcam. Some Rents alfo were if- firmed his Gift ; but the Abbot and Con- 
 fuing out of this Manor towards the Sup- vent releafed it to the Widow of Sir 
 port of a Chantry founded in the Church John de Kimefale, and her Heirs. Robert 
 of All Saints at Chejterfeld in Derbyfiire. Walenjts of this Place gave four Acres of 
 The Abbey of Rujfcrd had alfo divers arable Land in an Efl'art of Kimefale to 
 Farms here, which together with the the Monaftery of Ruford. Silwjter de Kirne- 
 Abbey it felf, and the Park Lathes there- fate gave alfo to the fame Monaftery 
 unto belonging, were granted by King one Acre of arable Land hereout of his 
 Henry VIII. Reg. ^^. to George Earl of Wong lying on the North of the Hia;F- 
 
 Shreivsbttry, from whom by Dcfcent and 
 mein Conveyance it came to Sir William 
 Savil Bar. who fold his Intereft to the a- 
 
 way, &c. Moreover, Part of this Hamlet, 
 Parcel of the Pofleffions of the Abbey of 
 Ruffcrd, was granted with the Abbey to 
 forefaid Mr. Sutton, Father of the Lord the Earl of Shrewsbury, in whofe Poftsrity 
 Lexington, who thereby became Lord and 'tis probable it may remain (till. 
 Owner of the whole Townfhip and Terri- Kertlington, and in Domefd.ty-Eook Cher 
 tories of Kelham, and fb in Effeft of the lington, which being the meeting Place 
 whole Ifland of excellent Ground between anciently of Southwell Hundred, at length 
 the two Currents of Trent, where he hath gave Name to it, but by Corruption was. 
 fince the Wars built him an Houfe, which 
 he hath made his Manfion, his Houfe at 
 
 called commonly Cbstdlington Hundred. 
 The Manor of this Place before the Co; - 
 
 Aram jnft by being ruined, but he hath queft was Ulfs the Saxon, and after Gijli- 
 a good Park there ftill. bert de Gand's, v*ho fucceeded him i:>. 
 
 The Rcflory of this Church, when it moft of his other Eftates in this County , 
 was in the Patronage of the Monafteries but the Soc belonged to the Archbiftiop 
 of Welbeck and Shelf ord, was valued at ao 
 Marks ; but now it is valued in the King's 
 Books at 19 /. 8 /. 4 d. and the Lord Lex- 
 ington is Patron. 
 
 Kerfal, KernefaJl, Kirnefal, or Kirfal, a 
 
 of York, as a Member of Southwell. 
 Ham de Bella aqua, or "Be lien, in after 
 Times held it of the Archbifhop, and hi* 
 Pofterity continued in Pofleuion from 
 the Reign of King Henry II. to that of 
 
 Member of the Manor Knefale, the Fee King Henry IV. \vhen by the Marriage of 
 of G'Jlibert de Gaunt. Who were the Lords the Female Heir it became the lilhtte of 
 of this Manor in after Times we find not, Sir John Dunham ar.d his Heirs; bi.c 
 till King Henry the Eighth's Reign, when he leaving only Daughters, amon^ when* 
 
 this Manor was divided, Dr. Jotm Mc;-.- 9 
 Doftor of Phy-fick, bought it by Parcel* 
 of the Defendants and Heirs of thofe 
 Families, that married them ; lb that 
 
 tleman died fcized of the Manor of Ker- this whole Town is become intircly the 
 fal, then faid to be held of the Manor of Lord (hip of John More Efq; Son of Sir 
 AlUrton. In later Times the Robert fans for Edward More a Scotch Baronet, who ha;h 
 a considerable Time were Lords of this made a very fair Park here. His Seat 
 
 j 
 
 Rbert Kettome and Cicely are faid to hold it 
 with its Appurtenances againil Robert Brown 
 and others Claimants, Reg. 17. ar.d about 
 twenty Years after Richard Bevercotes Gen-
 
 NO I*? ING flJ MS If IRE. 
 
 no 
 
 here is called KtrtJjinetjn-Houfe. and ftan. 4 s 
 vpon the Manor, which was anciently 
 the BeJleus, and makes the greateftPart of 
 the Park. There was alfo a fmall Manor 
 in this Place held by the Family of Pi- 
 got, called from them Pigot-Hall, which 
 descending to the Heirefs, of Sir Hugh 
 Pigot, named Ifabel, pafled by Marriage 
 to Sir Rcbert Sutton of Averham, in whofe 
 Family it continued long, and perhaps 
 may ftill remain in the Lord Lexington's 
 Pofleflion. 
 
 The Lands of this Place given to reli- 
 gious Ufes were only a Grant made by 
 John de Bella. Aqua, Son of Sir Thomas, to 
 the Church of St. jfames and St. Mary at 
 Welheck, and the Canons ferving God 
 there. That he, his Heirs and Afligns, 
 whofoever of them fhould hold this Ma- 
 nof of Kirtlington, fhould be obliged to 
 pay every Year to the faid Canons of 
 Welbeck fix Shillings in Silver for a Toft 
 and Bovat of Land, which he held of 
 them, and which were given to them by 
 Ralph the Prieft of Dukmanfon. William 
 de BellH AqxA gave the Canons of Thur- 
 frarton two Shillings a-Year out of the Mill 
 here, which Henry II. confirmed to them 
 with the Gifts of many others. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, valued 
 in the King's Books at 6 I- 1 3 s. 4 d. in 
 the Patronage (as we fuppofe) of the 
 Chapter of Southwell. 
 
 Knaptlorp, or, as it is in "Domefday-look, 
 Cbenapetorpe, the Man OK of Ten the Saxon 
 before the Conqucft, but after it of Wal- 
 ter de Ayncourt. Here was alfo a Parcel 
 of Tayn-land, held by Aldene the An- 
 ceftor of the CrumiveMs, and a Bovat, 
 which was then Wafte, Soc to Laxington. 
 The Manor of the Deincourts continued in 
 A Branch of that Family till the Reign of 
 King Edward IIT. when Roger Deincourt 
 leaving his Eftatc to his two Daughters 
 and Heirs, this Manor was divided be- 
 tween them, and fo came to their Huf- 
 bands and their Heir-;, Sir "Nicholas Lor.g- 
 ::d Sir Join Bujfy. While it was in the 
 ] :;><- ('<; of the Deinrcurts, Sir John Deincourt, 
 4 Edrc. II. procured a Grant of Frcc-war- 
 jen, ard his Heir Sir Refer claimed alfo 
 I' fiirgthcf in ir. TJie B*j7y's Moiety of 
 this Man or parted thro* divert I^m tics, 
 
 and feems to be fixed at laft, in the Reign 
 of Queen Eli zabeth, in William Mafon and 
 his Heirs. The Moiety of the Longfords 
 continued many Succeilions in that Fa- 
 mily, and as far as we can learn is ftill 
 in it ; but the Bujfy's Part came afterward 
 to the Suttom, of whom Ambrofe Sutton, 
 the great Wafter of the Family, fold it 
 to William Thorold Efq; of Marjlon in 
 Lincolnshire, whole Defcendant Sir John 
 Tfarold Ibid it to Sir John Tkorney, whofc 
 great Grandfon, J-ohn Thorney Efq; now 
 enjoys it, as his Anceftor's Inheritance. 
 
 The Tithes of this Town were given 
 to the Abbey of St. Mary's at York by 
 Walter Daincourt^ whofe Wife M-ztildis 
 was alfo a Benefaftor to that Monaftery. 
 We have no Account of any Vicarage in- 
 ftituted here, nor Church. 
 
 Kneefxle, or Chenefale, the Manor of 
 IT// before the Conqueft, and afcer it the 
 Fee of Gijlebert de Gand^ under whom the 
 Conftablcs of Cbejter held it even after 
 they became Earls of Lincoln ; for after 
 the Succeflion of Nigettus> William, jFohn t 
 Robert, &c. in the Conftablery of Chefter, 
 we find Henry de Lacy, who was defcended 
 from Nigeltxs by a Female Branch, after 
 he was made Earl of Lincoln, died feized 
 of this Manor of Knefah, and other Lands 
 of the Fee of Gand. How it was alienated 
 from this Family we can't difcover, but it 
 appears from ancient Records, that J-o'an 
 de Felton, 3 Edw. III. was Owner of this Ma- 
 nor ofKnefale, and claim'd to have View of 
 Frank-Pledge, Weyf, and Free-Warren 
 in it, and foon after Thomas Earl of Nor- 
 folk and Suffolk, pafled it to the King and 
 his Heirs, JErfa-. III. who by Charter 
 granted it, Reg. 34. to William de Botun 
 Earl of Northampton, and his Heir Hum- 
 phry enjoyed it, but having no Heir Male, 
 it patted by Eleanor, his only Daughter 
 and Heir, to Thomas Duke of Gloucefter, 
 and by his Female Heirs to Edmund Earl 
 of Stafford, in whofe Pofterity it having 
 continued a few SuccelTions came at 
 length to the Crown, by the Trcafon of 
 Edmund Duke of Buckingham, i 3 Hen. VIII. 
 and by that King was granted to Sir fohn 
 Httjfry Kt. whofe Son John Lord Huffy being 
 attainted in Parliament, this Manor and 
 ira'-.y others were gr.une'd, 5 Ed-u\ VI.' 
 
 to
 
 NO rf INGB4MSH1R.E. in 
 
 to Edward Ftenr.es Lord Clinton and Say, City of York, Publick Notary, w! o en- 
 thcn Lord Admiral of England, and his dowed it wirh certain Lands in this Place, 
 Heirs, but at length it came into the Fa- Ampton, and Allertox, which at the Diflb- 
 mily of Pierfobits, and Robert Earl of lution of the Abbies falling to the Crown 
 Kingjlon had it, and with his Pofterity, were given by Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 18. 
 now Dukes of Kingjlon, it now continueth, 
 as our Author aflures us. Here was a 
 Wong and Wood in this Place, called 
 Hertejhorne, held by Richard Markam and 
 
 William Sutton of Edmund Lacy, for a 
 Sparrow-Hawk and two Shillings yearly 
 
 to John Merfi Efq; and Francis Greenbam 
 Gent, and their Heirs. 
 
 Lambley was Tayn-land, of which U/- 
 chet the Saxon held the Manor before the 
 Conqueft, and Aldene after it, of William 
 the Conqueror. He was Lord of Crum- 
 
 This Manor it Teems was all of it given well, from which his Pofterity rook their 
 to religious Ufes by Jbhn Conltable of Name, and inherited this as well as that 
 Chejler above mentioned, who gave it to Manor after him. Thefe Crum-wells were 
 the Knights Hofpitallers of St. John of Lords of it, moft or all of them Ralphs, 
 Jerufalem, then fettled in England, but 
 upon this Agreement, viz. Garner de Na- 
 ples, Prior of the fa id Hofpital, by the 
 Confent of the Chapter, granted it to the 
 laid John Confiable of Chejler, and his 
 Heirs, to be held of their Houfe by the 
 yearly Rent of two Marks in Silver yearly, 
 yet upon Condition, that at his Death, and 
 that of each of his Heirs, the third Part 
 of his or their Subftance, which they 
 lhall have in this Place, ihall be and re- 
 main to their faid Houfe of Hofpitallers, 
 for the Health of his or their Souls. His 
 
 from i 2, Hen. II. to 1 1 Hen. VI. when'the 
 laft of the Family in the direct Line, 
 Ralph Lord Crumwell of Tatejbal, was coa- 
 Itituted Lord Treafurer. He had no 
 Heirs Male, and fo Matildls his Sifter be- 
 came his Heir. She was married to Sir 
 Richard Stanhops, and had by him a Son 
 Henry, who died without Ilfue, and his 
 Sifters thereby being his Heirs, Maud the 
 fecond of them was married to Robert 
 Lord Willoughby of E*esby, whofe Defcen- 
 dant Sir Francis Wtlkughly having only 
 two Daughters Co-heirs, Dorotfy, mar- 
 
 Widow Adelicla granted and confirmed to ried to Henry Haftings, fecond Son of George 
 the Monks of Rujford her Land of Alme- Earl ofHuntington, and the other being mar- 
 ten, belonging to her Fee of Knefale, which ried to Montagus Wood, this Manor was 
 was Part of her Dower. This John is divided between them, and a while en- 
 faid to have been in the Holy Land the joyed by their Pofterity; but Mr. H.ijlings 
 fifth of the Ides of Ottob. 1183. ^ hath fold his Moiety, and Mr. Wood's Po- 
 
 The Church here, with the Tithe of fterity poffefleth theirs at leaft in Part. 
 Mills, was given by fome of the firtt The Church of Lambley is a Retory, 
 Conftables 01 Chejler to the Priory of Nor- and while Mr. Hrjlings was Patron of it, 
 ton in Chejhire, which was of their Foun- was valued at 1 2. /. but now is valued at 
 dation, and to which William the Grand- 10 /. 16 s. 5 d. in the King's Books. The 
 fon of Nigellus transferred the Canons of Advowfon being in fix Co-heirs, it is pre- 
 Runcorne, of his Father William's Founda- fented by Turns according to Agreement 
 tion.; but in other Records we find the 
 Tithes given to and enjoyed by the 
 Churches of Ratcliffie upon Sore and South- 
 well. The Vicarage here was given to 
 the Vicars Choral of Sontlwelf, and while 
 they had it, it was valued at ten Marks, 
 but at the fecond Valuation at ten Pounds, 
 as it is now in the King's Books, and 
 i-onrinueth ftill in the Patronage of the 
 
 Church of Southwell. In this Church was 
 anciently a Chantry founded at the Altar 
 of St. Nidolas by one John Cb*$mn of the 
 3 
 
 among themfclvcs, among whom John 
 Wood Efq; has one. Two Sheaves, /. e. two 
 third Parts of the Tithes of the Demefne 
 did anciently belong to the Chapclry of 
 Elytbe, which King John granted to the 
 Archbifhop of Roan ; but by an Inquifitiou 
 taken at Blythe it appears, that the Par- 
 fon of the Church of Lambley took all the 
 Tithes, and paid a Mark yearly to the 
 Chxirch of Loudham in the Name of the 
 Chapelry of Blytfa t but whether for the 
 
 kid
 
 112 
 
 ('aid Tithes or not we know not. Ralph de 
 Crutnbewell, called the elder, founded a 
 Chantry in the Parifli Church of the Holy 
 Trinity in this Place, and gave to it one 
 Mefiuage, and an Hundred Shillings year- 
 ly Rent hete out of his Eftate of an Hun- 
 diea Marks in this Place and Crumbwelt. 
 Ludham, or Lowdham, was the Manor 
 of Roger de Bujll after the Conqueft, and 
 under him it was poflefled by a Family 
 that took their Name from it, of whom 
 'Eujlachius de Loudham. was High Sheriff 
 16 Job. He had his Refidence here, and 
 was fucceeded by Sir Walter de Ludham 
 Kt. whofe Son Sir Walter was Father of 
 Sir John Ludham, who lived in the Reign 
 of King Edward II. but it feemeth, that 
 this Manor was by fome Means or other 
 come to the Crown ; for it appears, that 
 King Henry III. being then at Clarendon, 
 Reg 31. Decemb. 8. granted to Walter 
 Byfet and his Heirs, this Manor of Lud- 
 kam, till he or they mould recover their 
 Lands in Scotland ; yet Sir John de Laivd- 
 lam held a Capital "vlefluage here of the 
 Priory of Shclford by the Service of izd. 
 fer Ann. with feveral Parcels of Land, 
 which being divided among his Co-heirs, 
 Elizabeth, Ifabel, and Margaret, thefe Lands 
 fell to the Share of the youngeft, who was 
 married to Sir Richard Bingham, as is a- 
 bove related in Gunthorp ; but the Manor 
 at length fell to Sir Baldwin Frevile, who 
 left it to his Son Baldwin and his Heirs, 
 from whom it defcended to the Family of 
 Willoughbies of Wollaton, whofe Delcen- 
 dant, Sir Francis Willoughby, fettled it on 
 his Lady, whofe Heirs alienated ; fo that 
 it was lately Sir Francl< Dalfton's, the Lady 
 Reresby's, and Mr. JMunning's. Henry Bifet, 
 Son of William Carpentar, gave a Bovat of 
 Land in this Parifh to the Priory of Thur- 
 garton, for the Souls of his Father, Mo- 
 ther, and \Vife Albrea. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, the 
 great Tithes being given by Ralph de Bel- 
 iafago to God and the Canons of St. Peter of 
 Thurgarton, in pure Alms, for the Health 
 of the Soul of King Stephen, and the 
 Souls of himfelf, Son, and his Parents, 
 and Anceftors. At the Diflblution of the 
 Abbies they came into the King's Hands, 
 but were not united to the Vicarage ; 
 and fo the Re&ory became pre fen table 
 
 feparately from the Vicarage, and is at 
 prefent in the Hands of the Duke of 
 Kingjlon, as is alfo the Vicarage, tho* before 
 the Oiffolution the Abbot and Convent of 
 Wejlmlnfler prefented to it. It is now va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 4 t. 18 /. 4^. 
 IMaplebeck, of Malebec, was, in the Time 
 that the great Survey was taken, Part in 
 the Soc of Mansfeld, the King's Demefhe, 
 and Part in that of Kirfal, or Knefat, buc 
 foon after it became the Fee of Gijlebert 
 de Gand, under whom the Family of the 
 Burdoris held it. His Pofterity were Lords 
 of it for many Ages, till Heirs Male 
 failing in Sir Nicholas Burdon ^ his Daugh- 
 ter and Heir Elizabeth carried it with her 
 to the Family of Sir Robert Markham, by 
 her Marriage with him. He was the Fa- 
 ther of Sir Jchn Marliham, Lord Chief 
 Juftice of England. With this Family of 
 Markhams did this Manor continue, till 
 Sir Robert Markham of Cotham Kt. the 
 Deftroycr of the Family, fold it to the 
 Earls of Clare, whofe Poftcrity enjoy if. 
 
 Divers Parcels of Land in this Village 
 were given to religious Ufes, i. by John 
 Burdon, who gave to the Monks of Ruf- 
 ford, for the Health of the Souls of him- 
 felf, his Wife, and Children, Roger the 
 Conftable of Chefter, and his Son jfohn, 
 his Parents and Anceftors, one Bbvat of 
 Land in this Place, as intire and free as 
 himfelf held it, with all its Appurtenan- 
 ces, viz.' Pafture for an Hundred Sheep, 
 five Cows, one Bull, eight Oxen, ten 
 Swine, and feveral other Sarts, for which 
 thcf Monks received him, his Wife, and 
 Son into their Fraternity, and granted 
 them a Sepulture under their Roof. Hen- 
 ry III. confirmed this Gift of John de Bur- 
 don and many others to this Monaftery, 
 as did alfo John de Burdon his Son con- 
 firm his Father's Gifts, and made an Aug- 
 mentation to them 2. By Hugh de Muf- 
 champ alfo, who gave to the fame Priory 
 a Wood, called JWiclehage, which he held 
 of Gilbert Earl of Lincoln, at the annual 
 Rent of 4<f. lying in this Village. 5. By 
 Robert Filial, who with his Body gave to 
 the faid Priory of Rufford certain fmall 
 Parcels of Land here, which Thomas the 
 Husband of Serlth his Daughter confirm- 
 ed to the faid Houfc. 4. The Manor or 
 Grange of this Place was Parcel of the 
 
 Pofleflions
 
 NO TT ING HAM SHIRE. 
 
 Poffeffions of the Abbey of Rufford, but 
 by whom it was given we know not. At 
 the Diflblution ic was given, with the 
 Monaftery, ^9 Hen. VIII. to the then 
 Earl ot Shrewsbury. 
 
 Mamhams were two Hamlets, having 
 each of them a Manor, held in the Saxon 
 Times by Aluric and UIJi, but after the 
 Conqueft by Roger de Bujli, as of his Fee. 
 William de Kaivirs, oc Kawres, became af- 
 terwards Lord of thefe Manors, and his 
 Son Robert had them confirmed to him 
 by King John, Reg. 5 &> 6. for the Ser- 
 vice of one Knight's tee. From this Fa- 
 mily thefe Manors pafled to the Cha- 
 tuiorths, from whom one of them was call- 
 ed Marnham-Chaivorth, becaufe Thomas de 
 Chaivorth had obtained, 34. Hen- III. a 
 Market and Fair, with a Grant of a Free- 
 Warren in all his Demefne Lands here. 
 The Market was on Thurfdays weekly, 
 and the Fair on the Decollation of St. 
 John Baptiflj July 2.9. In this Family 
 thefe Lord/hips continued for many Suc- 
 ceffions, till Elizabeth, the Daughter and 
 Heir of Sir George Cbaivorth, was married 
 to Sir Anthony Cope Kt. and brought them 
 into his Family, in which they continue, 
 as we believe. 
 
 Here were fome Parcels of Land, and 
 other Pofleflions, which belonged to cer- 
 tain religious Houfes, viz. William de 
 Caivres, or Cbaurcis, gave, for his Soul's 
 Health, and that of Agnes his Wife, to 
 God, St. Mary, and St. Cttthbert at Rad- 
 ford, and the Brethren ferving God there, 
 free Paflage for their Servants and Car- 
 riages, without Cuftom and Demand, in 
 his Ferry-boat here, which Robert his Son 
 confirmed to the faid Canons, a. Thomas 
 de Cbaworth, who was a great Benefa&or 
 to the Abbey of Beauchiefe in Derby fiire, 
 gave, among other Lands, a certain Par- 
 cel in this Parifh, which was confirmed 
 by King Edward II. R*g. 9. and Tb.mas 
 his Grandlbn. 
 
 John the Conftable of Chejter is faid to 
 Jiave given this Church to the Templers, 
 from whom it pafled, upon the Extirpa- 
 tion of that Order, to the Knights 
 Hofpitallers of St. John of Jerufalem, 
 and from them was taken away, and 
 given to the Preceptory of Eagle in Lin- 
 
 colnflrire, who enjoyed it, and had th 
 Dilpofal of the Vicarage till the Diflblu- 
 tion of the Abbies by King Henry VIII. who 
 having them in his Hands granted them 
 to Thomas Babington and John H'/de, with 
 all the Lands and Meadow to the faid 
 Re&ory belonging, then in the Tenure 
 of Andrew Norwell Efq; Anthony Babing- 
 ton, the Defcendant of Thomas, being at- 
 tainted in Queen Elizabeth's Time, the 
 Reftory and Vicarage came ro the Crown, 
 and were by that Princcfs granted to Pe- 
 ter Wilcox and William Wyn Gent, but be- 
 ing alienated by them, the Vicarage, 
 which we fuppofe is appendant to the 
 Rc&ory, is in the Patronage of Sir An- 
 thony Cope, or his Heirs. It was valued at 
 10 /. when the Bailiff of Eagle was Patron, 
 and is now valued at 8 /. 9 s. id. in the 
 King's Books. Roger de Bujli gave the 
 Tithes of two Carucates here to the Ab- 
 bey of Blythe. 
 
 Middlethorp, an Hamlet of Noriyell, i' 
 which the Prebend of Norwell hath View- 
 of Frank-Pledge, and a Court-Leet twice 
 a Year for their Tenants, with Wayf in 
 the faid Towns. John Dunham Efq; alfo 
 fuflfered a Recovery of this Alanor^ and 
 other his Eftates, 3 Hen. VIII. Williartt 
 Whitmore Gent, had fome Lands here, as 
 had Mr. Hacker of Flintham. 
 
 Moreton, an Hamlet of Piskerton, the 
 Fee of Walter de Ayncourt, yet Hovering -am 
 had Soc in if. The Family of Creffover 
 were Owners and Refident there, and 
 WiUlam de Creffwer of this Place did, 18 
 Ediv. III. by Fine convey this Manor of 
 Morton to Benedict de Ncrmantov, who con- 
 veyed it to the Priory of Thurgarton, as 
 the Annejleys did their Interefts here, all 
 which at rhe Diflblution came to the 
 Crown, and were granted by Queen Eli- 
 zabeth, Reg. 4. to Thomas Cooper Efq; and 
 his Heirs. The Manor-houfe was called 
 Afoweil-Hall, from the Afljwells, who ha- 
 i ing married the Heir of the Annejleys in-.,-, 
 habited it. Sir Roger Cooper fold it, with 
 fome other Farms in Moreton, to Dr. Hun- 
 t'n;*ton Phirnbtree, \vhofe Pofterity, for 
 ought \ve know, are Owners of it. 
 
 The Canons of Tburgarton Abbey, to 
 
 whom Ralph de Ayncourt had given the 
 
 Town of HftertWi at the Foundation of it, 
 
 P had
 
 NO?? ING HA MS HIRE. 
 
 had a Chapel there dedicated to the Blef- 
 fcd Virgin Mother, fituate in the Court 
 ef thole Canons, to which divers Lands in 
 this Hamlet were given by Robert Brijtall, 
 who gave fix Selions on the Eaft Part of 
 the Sikc of this Place, in pure Alms for- 
 the Souls of William his Father, and Ag- 
 nes his Mother, his own, Wife's, and all 
 his Anceftors departed. 2. By Osbert de 
 Haneworth, or de Moreton, who was a Be- 
 nefa&or to the laid Chapel. 5. By Cecilia 
 the Widow of Robert Fitz Savain de Kelttm, 
 who gave half a Bovat, which fhe had in 
 Frank-marriage to the faid Priory, except- 
 ing a Toft, feVen Rodes of Land, and & 
 Meadow which ihe ga ve to Osbert the Miller, 
 with Alice her Daughter. Hugh de Deresburgh 
 her Brother confirmed this her Gift, An-* 
 no, 1 248* 4. By Robert the 'Son of Ralph 
 de Fiskertoa by the Ccmfent of his Son Ro- 
 bert, who, for the Health of Ms own, and 
 Agnes his Wife's Soul, gave a Selion to 
 the faid Chapel. 5. By "many other lef- 
 fer Benefa&ors. 
 
 Muff ham North was Part of it the Soc 
 of Southwell ; but the principal and great- 
 eft Share -Was Gvisfrid de Alfelin's after the 
 Conqueft, and belonged to "Uhrlc the 
 Saxon before. The Taynes had aifo a 
 Manor here, held before -the Conqueft 
 by Slward. Robert de Everingham held Al- 
 felir.'s Part, and the other belonged to 
 the Abbey of Peterborough, which Baldwin 
 de Pauntcn held of the Abbot and Con- 
 vent there. His Pofterity poftefled it, till 
 EKzaletb his Heir transferred it by Mar- 
 riage to fohn de Harrington, whofe Daugh- 
 ter and Heir Alice carried it to Hugh 
 Fairfax by Marriage, whofe Defcendant, 
 William Fairfax, conveyed itj then called 
 Haringtov's Manor, to William Marshall 
 and his Heirs, 32. Her/. VI. The Family 
 of Muskhams had alfo a Manor here in 
 the Reign of King Edward II. Reg. i 7. 
 
 This Townfliip, wirh the Hamlets of 
 Holm and Batheley (of which we have fpo- 
 kcn above) was very great ; and, befides 
 the Manors above mentioned, had di- 
 Ters Lands given to religious Ufes, for 
 Robert the Son of Thomas the Son of Alex- 
 ander de Muskham gave to God, and the 
 Ike Church of Stanley Park, and the Ca- 
 *cms there (called fwnwfiratenfes} fei> 
 
 ving God, in pure Alms, a Mill, arid three 
 Selions of Land ; and William de Bathely 
 all his Lands in this Place, Holme, and 
 Batheley. Henry de EdenJ}one and Robert his 
 Brother, who were by Settlement poflcf- 
 fed of Mtfskhxm's Fee, pa fled it over to 
 the Prior of 'Ne-wfltd in Shirwcod, together 
 with the Homages and Services of the 
 Abbot of Rufford, and divers others, on 
 Condition, that the faid Prior and his 
 Succeflbrs Ihould for ever find two Chap- 
 lains daily to celebrate in the Church of 
 St. 'Mary at Edenjtow, in Honour of the 
 faid Virgin, and for the wholefome Eftate 
 of the laid Henry and- Robert while they 
 lived, and after their Death for their 
 Souls, and thofe of their Parents, Bre- 
 thren, Sifters, Friends, and Benefa&ors. 
 Thele laft Lands, belonging to Ne<wfted 
 Abbey, were given by King Edward VI. 
 to Leonard Brown and Anthony Trappes Gent, 
 and their Heirs. Thomas Crumwell alfo, a 
 Prieft, gave to the Monks of Rufford for 
 their Pittance on the Day of his Anni- 
 verfary, all the Lands which he held in 
 this Parifh and its Hamlets, viz- 1.4 Se- 
 lions of Land. Robert de Lyfurs alfo, 
 Re&or of the Church of Crumwell, gave 
 to God and Canons of Thurerarton, the 
 Moiety of the Mill of Bathkitr, and the 
 Tithes of it, and the Multure of an 
 Houfe at Batheley, referving to the Ab- 
 bey of Dale a Penny yearly Rent. Wil- 
 liam, the Son of Jeffrey de Batheley, alfo 
 gave to the Canons of Thurgatton 6 s. 
 yearly Rent out of his Lands here. Here 
 is a Family of the Schrimpires. 
 
 The Church here is divided into two 
 Vicarages, of the one of which the Prior 
 of Shelford, to which the Reftory was 
 appropriated by Ralph de Alfelin the Foun- 
 der of that Monaftery, was. Patron be- 
 fore the Diflblntien. After which it -was 
 granted with the Monaftery to Sir Mi- 
 chael Stanhope Kt. by King Henry VIII. 
 and now remains (fo far as we know) in 
 his Pofterity, the Earls of Chejlerfild. It 
 is now valued in the King's Books at 4 /. 
 191. 7 d. The other Vicarage belongeth 
 to the Prebendary of North Mlvskham in 
 the Church of Southwell, who is Patron 
 of it. It is now valued in the King's 
 Books at 5 A 6 1, 8 A In the Window s 
 
 of
 
 NO IT ING HA MSHIR E. 
 
 of this Church are the Arms of the Fa- 
 milies of Ratcliffe, Lee, Ajliton, Gernon, 
 Leeke, and Nevilloi Rolhfton, who on that 
 Account are fuppofed. to have been Be- 
 ncfators to this Church ; and fo in others. 
 Muskam South, a -Manor belonging to 
 St. Mary of Southwell, of which the Arc h- 
 bifliops of York for the Time being had 
 the bee, and under them the Family of 
 J\Au;khams, descended from Robert de Muf- 
 cham, Senefcall of Gijiehert de Gaunt, were 
 Lords of it. From them by Ifalel . the 
 Heir of Robert de Mufcbawp it pulled by 
 Marriage to Ralph de Grefeley, by whole 
 Daughter and Heir Agnes it came to Hugh 
 Fitz- Ralph, from whofe Family it was re- 
 moved in, the feme Manner to the Rcffes 
 and Scrapes. This Family was .very emi- 
 nent in their Time ; for Jeffrey h Scrope 
 \vas not only a great Judge in the Reigns 
 of King Edward II. & III. but had two 
 Hundred Marks per Ann. fettled on him 
 by Act of Parliament in the Reign of 
 the latter, to. maintain the State, of a Ban- 
 neret. He left this Manor to his Son 
 Henry, who .was; after created Lord Scrope 
 of JlfajhatKy whofe Pofterity held it fo 
 12 Hen. VII. Afterward it was divided 
 firft between Cotton and Strelley, and then 
 between the Lord Powlet and WyveJ, after 
 whom it came into the Poffefiion of Ralph 
 Marfiall,3. Merchant of the Staple-at L/- 
 cofaj in whofe Family it continued, till 
 Ralph Afarfiai! fold it to John Rotheram a 
 Six Cle:k in Chancery in the laft Cen- 
 tury, whofe Sifter marrying Sir William 
 Wilkughby brought it into that Family, 
 where it now remains, Mr. Francis Wil- 
 loughby's Son of Wollaton being now or late 
 Owner and Lord of if. 
 
 The Monks had fome Lands in this Pa- 
 rim, given them by divers Benefactors, 
 viz. Hu^h fie Mttslthnm, by the Confent of 
 H"):ry Murdac Biftiop of fork, gave to the 
 Abbey of Ruffcrd all, that Part of rhe 
 Land of his Fee in this-Parjfh, which was 
 en the WefLSide of his F.ark, bounded 
 \vith Kelttm, Witikelurn, and Middliitvcrp, 
 which Robert ~fa Mufikamp his Son con- 
 firmed, adding half a Mark of Silver to 
 be paid the Monks for ever, for the Souls 
 of his Father, Mother, himfelf, Wife, 
 sad her Brother Fulk de Gaftfion. Fttlk de 
 
 Kelum allb gave to the faid Monks of 
 Rttfford a Toft called Efunecroft in this Pa- 
 rifh, in pure Alms, as alfo two Acres and 
 an half of arable Land lying at the Corner 
 of the Parlc of Mufchamp, which his Son 
 Gilbert not only confirmed in the Pre- 
 lence of his Lord, Robert de Mufcham, but 
 gave moreover fomc Lands to it. Hagh 
 .Fitz- Ralph alfo, for the Safety or Health 
 of his own Soul, and thofe of his two 
 .Wives and So'ns, his Anceftors and Suc- 
 ceflbrs,. gave tx>. the faid Monks a certain 
 Part of liis Wood in Mufchamp near the 
 Grange, with the Land in which the 
 Wood flood, and fome arable Land 
 be/ides. 
 
 j The ReSory of this Pari/h is appropri- 
 ated to the Collegiate Church of SoutJj- 
 ivell, and makes a Prebend, called South" 
 Muskham Prebend, which Henry de Sewell 
 Clerk augmented in the Time of Henry 
 III. by the Donation or Gift of three 
 Tofts in the Town of Southwell to Mr. 
 William de ^4^rkham, Canon of that 
 Church, and bis. SiiccefTors, Canons of . 
 the Prebend of South Mufcamp. Tne Vi- 
 carage of South Mxfcham is valued now 
 in the King's Books at 4 /. and the Pre- 
 bendary is now Patron. In the Eaft 
 Window of the Chancel are the Arms of 
 the See of Canterbury, miftaken probably 
 for thofe of York, as they are again with 
 Archbimop Lee's in die fame Window. 
 
 Normantw by Southwell was, the Manor 
 of TJ/f the Saxon before the Conqueit, and 
 Gijlibert de Gand's .after. The Soc of it 
 was in Southwell In King JLd-juard rhe 
 Third's Reign great Part of .this Place 
 was fettled on Henry de Southwell for : Liie^ 
 and after hi n\ on Ber-edict the. Soa of 
 chard de Norwanion and his Heirs. In la- 
 ter Times there was an ancient capital 
 MefTuage, with a good Demefne belong- 
 ing to it, which was the Seat of the Fa- 
 mily of Hunts, one, of whom was a Mer- 
 chant of the Staple in. T$ottin<r1jat)i in the 
 Time of King Henry IV. Henry Hunt the 
 laft Heir Alale, -Son of Edmund, dying 
 without Iflue, it fell to his Aunts of the 
 half Blood, who fold it to Mr. James 
 Palmer, and it. afterwards became the In^ 
 heritance of Sir Matthew -Palmer. Mr. 
 Cartwright hath a gogd. Hpufe. built of Brick 
 P z and
 
 NO fTI NG HJMS HIRE. 
 
 and Srone here, and a Branch of the Fa- 
 mily of the Leeks of Halam have their 
 Residence here. 
 
 Ncrmanton juxta Grefthorp before the Con- 
 queft was held by five Taynes, viz. Ju- 
 jlan, Durand, Elivard, Elmar, and AIJi, 
 .who had every one his Hall or Manor, 
 /which after the Conqueft was given to 
 .Roger de ~BuJli. Some fmall Parts of this 
 Place were neverthelefs Soc to Scacbeby, 
 Flad'ourg, and Dunham. This Townfhip, 
 as matt other of the Bujli's Lands, came 
 to the Lcvetots, of whom William de Love- 
 M gave among other Things this Church 
 cf Ncrmanton to the Priory which he 
 ibundcd at Radford. The Manor was ap- 
 pendant to .that of Greftborp all along, and 
 from the Lcvetots it pafled, 28 Ediv. III. 
 to Michael de la Pole, whofe Pofterity, 
 William Duke of Suffolk, 28 Hen. VI. died 
 pofleflcd of it, and left it to John Duke 
 of Suffolk^ his Heir. Lately the Manor 
 was Seymour Daniel's, or Darlln'i Gent, 
 whofe Son William fold it to Edward Phln- 
 tuy Gent, in whom, or his Heirs, we fup- 
 pofe it now to be. 
 
 This Church here is a Vicarage, va- 
 hied at eight Marks when the Prior of 
 Radeford was Patron, but is now in the 
 King's Books 4 /. 5 /. and Mr. Darlln, or 
 Daniel, is Patron. 
 
 Noiown, an Heap of Houfes ftanding 
 between Gourton and Blefeby, which we 
 fuppofe to belong to one of thofe Ham- 
 lets, for we -find no Account of it. 
 
 Ncrwell, and Norwell-Woodhoufe, an Ham- 
 let, thereunto belonging, are both the 
 Manors of the Collegiate Church of St. 
 Mary at Southwell, which hath three Pre- 
 bends which take their Denomination 
 from it, as well as the greateft Part of 
 their Provifion, viz.- the Prebends of Nor- 
 \vell-Qyerhall, NoriveJI-Palyfoall, or Palace- 
 Hjll, and Nortuell tertia Pars, or Other- 
 Prebend ; but the firll. is the chief and 
 bcft. Thcfc Prebendaries had here Free- 
 Warren, a weekly Market on Thurfday, 
 ap.l a Fair yearly for three Days, viz. on 
 the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the Feaft 
 of the HJy Trinity, and an Emendation 
 for the Breaking the Affiie of Bread and 
 Ale ; but the Prebends did not rake up 
 ibe whole Parilh and Hamlet ; for Robe rt 
 
 de Woodhoufe claimed Free- Warren In 
 tvell Woodhoufe ', Nicholas Bret had 200 A- 
 cres of Land, five Tofts, and fix Acres 
 of Meadow, which he pafled to Nicholas 
 Dymock, 49 Ediv. III. whicn the Deicen- 
 dant, John the Son of William Dymotk t 
 fold to Nicholas Coninpfton ', and John Crum- 
 ivell had a Mefluage, called Parker' s-Piacf, 
 a Toft and five Acres of Land, as alfo a 
 Croft and feven Acres, called Kendall's 
 Land, and eight Acres in the Town 
 Field, in all which he resigned his Right, 
 i Edw. IV. to Mr. Jchn Potter, Preben- 
 dary of the Prebend of Nurwell-PalyJhall, 
 and his Succeflbrs. A capital Mefluage,. 
 "with a good Demefne in Norwe //- Wo d- 
 houfe, was the Inheritance of Sir Thomat 
 Williawfon Bar. 
 
 Here are two Vicarages, the one be- 
 longing to the Prebend of Norivell-Over- 
 hall, valued anciently at eight Marks, 
 but now at 4 /. 12 s. 6 d. in the King's 
 Books, the other to the Prebend of Tertia. 
 Pars, valued now in the King's Book at 
 4/. 12 s. n d. and the Prebendaries are 
 the Patrons. In the Church here was, 
 before the Diflblution of the Abbies, a, 
 Chantry for two Chaplains, of which Ni- 
 cholas Bret above mentiond was Patron ; 
 he fold the Advowfon to Nicholas Dymock t 
 who fold it to Nicholas Conlngfon. In the 
 Windows of the Church are the Arms of 
 England, with a File of three Labels, Az t 
 and quartering Azure Semy de Lis Or ; and 
 in the Chancel the Arms of England, with 
 a File as before, and "Prance and England 
 quarterly; as alfo the Arms of Lee of 
 this Place, which Family hath fucceflive- 
 ly held the Lands belonging to the Pre- 
 bend of Norwell-Overfcall. Their Arms 
 are Azure, on a Feffe cottfed Or, three LI- 
 bards Heads Gules, iv'tthlv a Bordare, Go- 
 .bone, Ermine, and Sable; which are a lib 
 graven on the Monument ofGervace Lee 
 Efq; who lies buried in the Chancel, 
 quartered with Ayloffs. 
 
 OJfivgton, or Ofchlntcn, the Manor of 
 Ofmttnd the Saxon before the Conqueft, 
 but afterwards the Fee of Ralph de Burun, 
 Hngh de Burun and Hugh Mefckln his Son, 
 Roger the younger Son approving and 
 commending the Aft, gave the Church 
 of OJfmgton, Sept. J>. 1144, to the Mo- 
 
 naftery
 
 NO TTI NG H4 M S HIRE. 117 
 
 fcaftery of Lenton. Roger de Bur un y having the future enjoyed this whole Townfhip 
 
 given his Body to God and the Church in pure Alms, with all its temporal and 
 
 of the Holy Trinity at Lenton, took upon fpiritual Privileges, of which thefe were 
 
 him the Habit and Religion of the Clunlac to have Free-Warren in all their Demefne 
 
 Monks there, to avert God's Wrath from Lands, and the Emendation of the Af- 
 
 him due for his Sins, and for the Souls fize of Ale and Bread. After the Sup- 
 
 of King Richard I. his Anceftors, his own, preflion of the Monafteries this Reftory 
 
 and his Heirs, he gave and granted to and Manor was given by King Henry Vlf I. 
 
 God and the laid Church the whole Town to the Duke of Suffolk, Charles Er.indon y 
 
 of Ofcington, and all its Appurtenances ; who, by Licence from the fame King 
 
 but it feerns this Roger had before given Reg. 34. alienated them to Richard An- 
 
 it to the Hofpitallers of St. John of Jeru- drews Gent, and his Heirs, who pa'fled 
 
 falem, and Walter Sma/let, by a Deed in- them to Edmund Cartyanght Gent, whofe 
 
 rolled 5 Job. confirmed the faid Town Pofterity of the fame Isame enjoy them 
 
 of OJJingtort to the Hofpitallers. Thefe to this Day, and have a good and plea- 
 
 Donations caufed great Suits of Law be- fant Seat here, going by the Name of 
 
 tween thefe two Orders ; but at length Ojjington-houfe, tho' Ibme Part of it was 
 
 it was thus agreed, that the Prior of ruined in the late rebellious War. 
 Lenton having releafed the Church of Of- The Church here is a Rc&ory, and 
 
 JingtoH (which was chiefly in Difpute) to the Mr. Cartwrigbt is Patron. In the Chan- 
 
 Hofpitallers, he fliould have the Moiety of eel of this Church, on a Plate of Brafs, 
 
 the Advowfon of the Church of Hunefwortb fixed on a Marble Graveftone, is this In- 
 
 ia their Gift, and fo the Hofpitallers for fcription in Capital Letters. 
 
 MARY PIER POINT, Daughter of Sir Henry Pier- 
 point of Holme-Pierpointf Knight, in the County of 
 NOTTINGHAM, and Wife of Full: Cart-wright of 
 Offtngton in the fame County, died Mar. 8. id 70. 
 
 On the South Side -of the Chancel is an Altar Monument with divers Arms carved 
 span it, .with this Infcription. 
 
 Of your Chanty pray for the Soul of Reynold PecKham 
 of Wrotham in the County of Kent Efqulre, who deceafed 
 July 21. Anno Domini 1550. Whofe Soul God pardon. 
 
 On the fame Stone is the Effigies alfo of a Woman, (as we fuppofe, his Wife) but 
 nothing is mentioned of her in the Infcription. 
 
 At the upper End of the Chancel on the North Side is a magnificent Tomb with 
 the following Infcription over the Effigies of a Man and Woman. 
 
 Here reft the Bodies of William Cartwright Elq; late Lord of this 
 Manor of Ojfington, and Patron of this Church, and Grace his Wife, the 
 youngeft Daughter and Coheir of Thomas Vabridgcourt of Lx*tJ.on hrll 
 in the County of Warwick, by whom he had Ifliie five Daughters, and fcvea 
 Sons, and deceafed Decemb. 31. 1602, and the faid Grace died Mar. 20. r6;;, 
 He was the Son and Heir of George Cartwrigbt and Dorothy, fole Heir of Wil- 
 liam 
 
 Cfmmdtlorp is an Hamlet of the great and NonveH in that Church are, \vich 
 Soc of SottthweU, of the Tithes of which thofe of other Manors, made up. The 
 Manor the Prebends of Norrpanton and Manor of this Hamlet wa^ j Beny V. in
 
 nS 
 
 NO 7 TING HA MS H IRE. 
 
 George SaJlowe, who dying in that Year 
 left it \vith other Estates to his Daughter 
 and Heir Agnes. 
 
 Oxton, or Oflon^ had feveral Manors in 
 it, one was Eivod the Saxons, which after- 
 wards became the Archbifhop of York's ; 
 Thurjian and Odincale the Saxons had two 
 other Manors before the Conqueft, which 
 afterwards became Roger de Bujli s. Tori 
 the Saxon had alfo another Alanor, till 
 the Conqueror gave it to Walter de Ayn- 
 court. This Place was anciently within 
 the Forreft, but at the great Peram- 
 bulation in the Time of King Henry II. 
 it was left out ; but this notwith- 
 flanding the Inhabitants had Common in 
 the Forreft as before, till upon their 
 Claim, 8 Ediv. III. -Judgment was given, 
 that fince they contributed nothing to the 
 Provisions of the Forrefters, nor any o- 
 ther Burden of the Forreft, neither did 
 the King's Deer common within the 
 Bounds of their Town, nor had the Peo- 
 ple of it any Lands within the Bounds of 
 the Forreft, they had no Title to chal- 
 lenge Common there. Whereupon they 
 agreed to pay 5 s. a- Year Rent for a Li- 
 cence to common at all Times within the 
 Forreft, with all Manner of Cattle as 
 they wereAvont ; fo it was determined. 
 
 The Archbifhop's Fee was the two Pre- 
 bendaries of Oxton, who divide the Tirhes 
 here and in many other Places, as will 
 be fhewed in the Church of Southwell. 
 Rc.ger de Bujli's Part was held by Robert de 
 Somervllle of the Lord Lovetot of Workfop, 
 vvhofe Heirs continued in the Pofleflion 
 of if, till Walter de Stretlegh, by marrying 
 the Heirefs of Somerville, obtained it. The 
 StreUeys continued Lords here, till upon. a 
 Divifion made between the Co-heirs, this 
 Manor became Thomas Affeugh's Gent. It 
 bath been of late parcelled out ; but the 
 moft confiderablc Part is that which is 
 the Inheritance of Mr. William Savile and 
 his Heirs ; yet the Family of the Cicily's 
 have another Part. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, anci- 
 ently valued in the King's Books at 8 /. 
 but r.ow at 6 /. The Prebendaries of this 
 Town are the Patrons. 
 
 Parklathfs, a Grange or Hamlet in the 
 Loriilhip of Ktlhani, belonging to t:.c 
 a. 
 
 Monaftery of Rufford, and made up by 
 the Gifts of feveral Perfons to them, 
 where, becaufe the Monks had a Sheep- 
 houfc or Lathe, (called in Latin, Bercaria') 
 it came in vulgar Speech to be called, 
 Parklatbes. While it continued in Po- 
 feflion of the Monks the Abbot had Frcc- 
 Warren there ; but after the DifTblution 
 it was with the Abbey it felf given to 
 George Earl of Shrewsbury, from whom by 
 Defcent and mean Conveyance it came 
 to Sir William Savyle Bar. who fold his 
 Intereft in it to Mr. Sutton, who by that 
 Purchafe became Lord of the whole Town- 
 mip, and left it to his Pofterity, which is 
 now raifed to the Honour of Lord Lex^ 
 ington, whole Seat is near it. 
 
 Rchag, Rahage, or Rugbagh) a BroceUa t 
 or Woodland, which Alan Earl of Britain 
 gave to Richard Fitz-BoJlarne in Fee to him 
 and his Heirs, to increafe his Knight's. 
 Fee, which he had beyond the Trent. 
 Richard left it to Rocelin his Son, who, for* 
 Remedy for his own Soul, his Wife's, and 
 Childrens, Father's, Mother's, Brothers, and 
 Sifters, gave it to the Monks of Ruff.rd in 
 pure Alms, which Con an Duke of Britain 
 and Earl of Richmond, the chief Lord, 
 confirmed, as did alfo Jojlen, Rofcetin's 
 Brother, and Ralph farther warranted it, 
 faithfully engaging for two Marks of Sil- 
 ver, received of the Alonks, to procure 
 them a Charter of Confirmation from the 
 Earl of Richmond gratis. King Henry II. 
 alfo confirmed thefe Lands to the Monks 
 among divers others, and granted the 
 Abbot Free-Warren in them. After 'the 
 DilTolution thefe Lands pafled with the 
 Abbey of Ruff or d to the Earl of Shrewf- 
 bttry. 
 
 Roljton, Roxljton, or RoJleflon, contained 
 three Manors, which belonged to as many 
 Lords, when the Record, called Domefday- 
 Bo;k, was made. One was then Thomas 
 the Archbifhop of York's Fee, which had 
 been Aluric's the Saxon. Another (which 
 was the beft) was the Fee of Otio Bifhop 
 of Bayon, which was Godwin's Earl of 
 Kent. Lefoardus was his Alan, and had 
 in it five Carucates of Land and an half. 
 The third was the Fee of Walter de Ayn- 
 court, who fucceedeci Tori the Sffxon. Here 
 was a Pricft and a Church, with divers 
 
 Lands
 
 NO TT INGHA M S HIRE. "9 
 
 Lands thereunto belonging. This Manor the Eftate of Edward Meffijh Efq; by t.'ie 
 had fome Lands in "alum. John de Nevil Gift of W:Ul.im Rexfon his Uncle. This 
 held one Knight's free in this Place of Manor had Soc in Sutton upon Trent. 
 the Honour of Richmond, of the old Feoif- Snelnten, Snotlngton, or Notl-ngton, is a 
 ment, and his Potteruy held this Ala- Part of St. Mary's Parifh in Nottingham, 
 nor many Succellions, till Sir Thomas Ne- and was the King's Lands in the Con- 
 v'd of Holt, in Queen Elizabeth's Reign, queror's Time ; but King John, Reg. 
 fold it to Mr. Lodge an Alderman of Lon- 6. granted this Manor of Snodlngton to. 
 don, from whom by main Conveyance it William de En-were to be held in Fce- 
 is become the Inheritance of the Suftons Farm at the Rent of 8 /. per Ann. to bft 
 of Averhaniy Lords Lexington. T-he Ba- paid into the Exchequer, and confirmed 
 blngtons had. alfo a Manor in this Town. it to his Son Richard. In the Reign of 
 Here were divers Lands given, i. to King Edward I. this Manor was the PoiTef- 
 the Monafterv of Rnfford by Maseru* de fion of Tibitot,of whom Robert Pierpointhc\d 
 Rottejton, and confirmed by King Siepheny ir by the Service of a Pair of Gloves, or j. 
 andjHevy his Grandibn. z. To the Ca- Penny, tho' then valued at 267. 3 /. 
 nons of Thurgarton by Sir Benedift Rollejlon His Descendant Sir Henry Pierpoint bought 
 Kt. Jolanm de Novllla. gave alfo the it, and it hath ever fines continued in 
 Tithe of a Mill here to the faid Canons, that noble Family being at prefcnt the 
 and Sir William a Licence to build another Inheritance of the Duke of Ktngjlon. 
 Mill on the Water of Greet. The Prior of Lenton and Convent of the 
 
 The Re&ory belongs to the Church of fame had here certain Parcels- of Land 
 Souikwelly but is leafed out to Mr. Pier- and Meadow belonging to it, with- a Tofc 
 point by the Church, which has the Pa- and Croft, all which belonged to the. 
 tronage of the Vicarage, valued in the Church of St. Stephen at Snelnton, which 
 King's Books at 10 /. is. 3 d. they confirmed in Year 1234. to Robert 
 
 Salterford, a Berew of Granby of the Fee Son of Ingelram of Nottingham and his. 
 of Osborn Fttz-Richard, of which our Au- Heirs, he and they paying him 13*. a Year.- 
 thor fays, he hath found no Memorial, All the Corn Tithes of Notlngton and 
 but a Place called Salterford-Dam in the this Place, yearly coming and growing,, 
 Forrcil, near the Rife of the River Do- did before the Difiblution belong ta the 
 verbeck, between Caherion and Oxtoon y yet Priory of Lenton, and were then- valued at 
 he mentions a Fine, whereby forty Acres 20 /. a-Year; but after it Queen Eliza- 
 of Land, and as much of Wood, with teihy Reg, 41. granted them to Sir Hemy^ 
 iij. Rent, were fettled upon Sampfon Pierpoint, in whofe Family, now Duke of. 
 Streuefi and his Sifter fhilippa in this Kingfiony they remain. 
 Place and Caherton, and further, that Starthorpe, a Manor belonging to Swain- 
 Col. J-ohn Hutch'mfony Son and Heir of Sir L n rd of Aygrttm before the Conqucft, bur 
 Thomas Hutchlnfony had an Eftate, which given by the Conqueror to Gilbert de Ty- 
 he called the Manor of Salterford In the fin y whofe Pollerity held it, till by Sale 
 Forrejl. We alfo find, that Robert Bafly or Defcent it became the PofTeffion of 
 had Lands here, which he left in Dowry Hubert H:fatus, or Hofee. Of his Family 
 to Audlna his Widow. Sir Henry Hofee gave it to his Brother' 
 
 Skegbjy or Scachebyy the Manors of Al~ Hubert, all but feven Bovats, which he 
 wold and Wchel the Saxcns before the Con- had before conveyed to Manger de Stan-' 
 queft, but Roger de Bujli's after it, whofe ton, wlio difpofed' of them to his Daugii- 
 Tenants held it. John (or Robert} de Avil ters and Relations. Thefe feven Bovutv 
 and John de Nuvekrs held one Knight's were efteemed one third Part of the 
 Fee of the old FeofFment, and Thomas Fitz.- Town. All the reft of the Town of 
 
 Williams one of the new, of the Counters 
 in this Place. In later Times thefe 
 
 Sterthorp, in Demefne and Service were 
 given by Hubert Hofee, or his Heirs, to 
 Manors were the Inheritance of the Family the Abbey and Convent of Durford in 
 of the Baflets, and at this- Time they are Sitflex ', but afterwards Robert de Lexington 
 
 acquired
 
 120 
 
 '"NO Tf ING HA MS HIR E. 
 
 acquired it- with all the Services of the 
 Freemen and Villains of thofe Monks, 
 and enfeoffed with it the Prior and Con- 
 vent of Newjlede, in whofe Poffeflion it 
 continued till the Diflblution, when it 
 was given, with the other Pofleffions of 
 that Priory, to the Mailer and Fellows of 
 Trinity-College in Cambridge, from whom 
 the Family of Faunt of Fojlon in Leicejier- 
 jljire have a Leafe of them. 
 
 But .here were neverthelefs feme Par- 
 cels of Lands given to religious Ufes by 
 the fcveral Owners of the Manor above 
 mentioned, viz, Adam de Tyfon and Wil- 
 liam his Son were Benefa&ors to the Mo- 
 raftery of Rufford, by giving to it certain 
 Lands of their Fee, and King Stephen con- 
 firmed their Gifts. Hubert Hofee alfo, 
 Re&or of the Church of Egrum, gave to 
 the faid Alonaftery of Rufford, for the 
 Souls of Henry his Father and Avi- 
 ci a his Mother, three Acres of Mea- 
 dow in the Territory of Startorp in 
 Eyngemer-mede there. The Abbot Ruf- 
 ford had alfo a Grange here, which, with 
 the Lauds thereunto belonging, were 
 granted by King Hen. VIII. Reg. 29. to 
 the Earl of Shrewsbury. 
 
 Stoke-Btrdolf, the Manor of Tochi the 
 Saxon till the Conqueft, when it was given 
 to Goisfrid de Alfelin, who had moft of To- 
 clo'is Eftate. This Manor had Soc in Ca- 
 rfntane, Gelling, and Col-vice ; but was foon 
 divided between the Poiierity of AiJfelin, 
 and Robert de Cattz, or Caltz y whole Fa- 
 mily alienated it to Birkin, from whom 
 it pafled by Everixgbam, Conjlable, and 
 Fletcher to Gilbert Earl of Shrewsbury , in 
 whofe Family it continues, being now or 
 lately the Inheritance of the Duke of 
 Kinpfton, being called Everingbam's Fee. 
 The laft of the Family of HanfeUn, Ralph, 
 had only a Daughter, named Rofe, for 
 his Heir, who marrying Thomas Bardul, 
 brought this Manor, with other Eftates, 
 into that Family, who enjoyed it many 
 Succcifiom. Agnes the Wife of Tl-omas 
 Bardylf had this Manor in Dower. Thmas 
 Lord Bardolf was the laft Male Heir of 
 the Family, but left two Daughters, Anne 
 and Joan, which laft marrying William 
 Philips had by him one only Daughter, 
 *ho, by Marriage with John Beaumont, 
 
 carried this Title into that Family, whicfc 
 was enjoyed by Sir Edward Norris Lord 
 Bardolf, who had married her Grand- 
 daughter Fridefwide, the Daughter of 
 Francis Vifcount Level', but it was by a. 
 fpecial Grant of the King, Henry VII. be- 
 caufe her Father was flain in Rebellion 
 againft him at Stoke by Trent in thi 
 County, Reg. ^. In this Family this Ho- 
 nour remained above thirty Years, and 
 then Henry Norris Lord Bardo,lf, being at- 
 tainted, it came again to the Crown, 28 
 Hen. VIII. and then was granted by that 
 King to the Lady Anne Stanhope, Great 
 Grandmother to the firft Earl of Cbejler- 
 feld, whofe Pofterity enjoy it to this Day. 
 They are now Earls of Chejlerfield. 
 
 Here were Ibme Church Lands in this 
 Parifh. before the Diflblution, but whe- 
 ther they continue fo we know not, viz 
 In Stoke Bardolf were two Tofts, and two 
 Bovats of Land, which were given in 
 Frank-Almoigne to the Re&ors of Gedling 9 
 and no Lay-Fee. jFobn Ward alfo of Sbel- 
 ford had a Licence, 1 5 Rich. II. to give 
 three Mefluages, and twenty Acres of 
 Land, eight Acres and an half of Mea- 
 dow, and i /. 6 s. 8 d. Rent, with the 
 Appurtenances in Stoke and Shelford to the 
 Frior and Convent of Shelf ord. 
 
 Sutton upon Trent had two Manors, the 
 one Roger de Bufli's, and the other William's 
 the Son ofSceltvard, before the Conqueft, 
 and Alan's Earl of Richmond after. Har- 
 wyus was his Man or Tenant, and his 
 Pofterity, as Lords of this Manor, took 
 their Names from this Town ; for his 
 next Succeflbr was Harvey de Sutton, who 
 was in Pofle-ffion of it 2z Hen. II. In this 
 Line it continued, till Richard de Sutton 
 dying without Male Iflue, left five 
 Daughters for his Heirs, among whom 
 this Manor was divided ; but Mary the 
 fourth Daughter feems to have had the 
 greateft Share, becaufe Bertram de Moun- 
 bouchiers, who married her Grand-daugh- 
 ter Joan^ claimed a Market here every 
 Monday weekly, and a yearly Fair for 
 two Days, viz- on the Eve and Feaft of 
 St. jFamfs the Apoftlc, ar,d Free-Warren 
 in his Demefne. From the MounbouZhers 
 in a few Succeflions their Part by the 
 Heirs General pafled to Bertram Harbotelt, 
 
 who
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Who cted feized of two Parts of this 
 Manor, together with a Revcrfion of a 
 third. Henry de Gloucester, who married 
 the eldeft Sifter Agnes de Sutton, had alfo 
 a Part of this Manor, and his Poiterity 
 held it a long Time, but at length was 
 fold by Henry de Gloucejter to Sir Edward 
 Stanhope, of whom Sir William Merings, 
 who had Elizabeth Sutton's Part, purcha- 
 fed it. This was afterwards Mr. Richard 
 Hacker's of Flir.tham, whofe Son folon fold 
 it to Mr. Hag!} Shepherd, who hath built a 
 pretty little Houle upon it, and refides 
 in it. The whole Manor is at prefent 
 in the Heirs of Gilbert Earl of Shrews- 
 bury, or was lately. 
 
 Some Parts of this Manor were of old 
 given to Religious Ufes by the pious 
 Owners (as they were then efteemed) 
 viz- Harvey de Sutton, and his Son Rolen, 
 gave to the Canons of Radford near Wirk- 
 fop the Church of Sutton, and the Right 
 of the Patronage thereof, which Richard 
 de Sutton his Heir confirmed. 2. Alice 
 the third Daughter of Richard de Sutton, 
 and one of his Heirs, was a Benefactrefs 
 to the Priory of Newftede, to which me 
 gave a Bovat of Land in this Place, and 
 the Earl of Richmond confirmed it. 3. 
 William Gttnthorp Prebendary of South- 
 well, alfo to pay the Chantry of St. John 
 Baptift in that Church, gave 13*. 4 d. 
 yearly, to pray daily for the Soul of 
 Henry Nottingham, Edward King of Eng- 
 land, and Philip his Queen and their 
 Children, as alfb for his Soul after his 
 Death, and all the Faithful departed, 
 three MefTuages, eighty Acres of Land, 
 fifteen of Meadow, twenty of Failure, 
 and a Fiming in Trent, with all the Ap- 
 purtenances in this Place, and North- 
 Cs.rlton, 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, anci- 
 ently in the Patronage of the Prior of 
 Workfop, who had the Reftory, as is a- 
 bove obferved, when it was valued at 
 ten Marks. It is now valued in the 
 King's Books at 5 ,'. 6's. 8 d. and the 
 Duke of Ne-wcajlle is (as we fuppofe) the 
 Patron. 
 
 Tburgarton, or Turgaflon, a Manor of 
 Swain the Saxon's before the Conqueft, 
 and after Walter de Aincourt's. His Son 
 
 Ralph de Aincourt, for the Health of hi* 
 Soul, his Wife Bajilia's, his Father's, and 
 Mother's, Sons, and Daughters, and all 
 his Anceftors, founded an Houfe of Re- 
 ligion at this Place; and at the Founda- 
 tion of it gave, and granted to the Ca- 
 nons there regularly Verving God, and 
 St. Peter, by the Counfel, and Intreaty of 
 Thurftan Archbifhop of York, in pure-- 
 Alms, all Thitrgarton and Fiskerton, with 
 the Park of Thurgarton, and all his 
 Churches within his whole Eftate, as 
 Granby, and Cotes in this Shire, and di- 
 verfe Lordftiips in others, which King 
 Henry II. confirmed to the Monks, with 
 the Gifts of many other Benefac- 
 tors. Of the Foundation of this Houfe, 
 and its other Rents, Revenues, and Pri- 
 vileges, we fhall give a more full Ac- 
 count in our Hiftory of the Monafterie*- 
 of this County. This Town giving 
 Name to the Wapentake, may juftly be 
 thought the chief Town in it at that 
 Time, though Souibw-tll by the Bounty 
 of good Benefa&ors, now furpafles it. 
 
 At the Diflblution of the Monafteries, 
 this Priory with its Lands, and Reve- 
 nues, among which was this Manor, was 
 granted to William Cooper the King's 
 Servant, and his Heirs, who have enjoy- 
 ed it fucccfiively ever fince 30 Henry 
 VIII. but Sir Roger Cooper, a worthy and 
 honeft Gentleman, weakned his Fortune 
 fo much in the late Times, by his Fide- 
 lity and Conftancy to the Royal Intereft, 
 that his Heir Sir Cecil Cooper, Efq; his 
 Son, found it too hard a Task to make 
 his Houfe v and Demefne here, entirely 
 his own, the Woods being alfo extream- 
 ly wafted. J-ohn Cooper, fecond Son of 
 Sir Roger, was Carver to King Charles II. 
 and a very induftrious Perfon, but being 
 Receiver General of the Royal Aid, ancl 
 Colletor of the Hearth-Mohey, died ill 
 that King's Debt, in 1672. 
 
 The Reory, and a great Part of the 
 Town of Thurgarton y was granted bf 
 King Henry VIII. to his new erefted 
 College at Cambridge, which he dedica- 
 ted to the Holy Trinity, of which Society 
 the Coopers have ufually held it in Leafe, 
 and Air. John Cooper hath built a Brick 
 Houfe in the middle of the Town, upon 
 Q on*
 
 NO??! NG H4 M S H 1 R:E.. 
 
 122 
 
 one of the Farms, now almoft all inclo- 
 ' fed. 
 
 In this Church, Alice the Wife of Wil- 
 liam Da'incouYt. 9 Henry VI. founded a 
 Chantry, and gave fix Pounds fer Ann. to 
 the Chaplain that officiated in it. Sir 
 William Babington alfo, and forae others, 
 founded another Chantry for two Chap- 
 lains, at the Altar of St. Katharine, to 
 pray for the Souls of King Henry VI. and 
 their own Souls; and that it fliould be 
 annexed to that of Alice Daincourt. 
 
 Upton, a Member, or Hamlet of the 
 great Soc of Southwell, wherein was of 
 old a capital Mefluage, and a good De- 
 mefne of Free-hold Land, which was 
 ' heretofore the Inheritance of the Paken- 
 lams, from whom it came to Oglethorp. It 
 is now Mr. John Truman's, who has built 
 .him a pretty little Houfe there. The 
 Refidue confifteth of fmall Free-holds, 
 but moft Copy-holds, belonging to the 
 Manor of .Southwell. As to the Portions 
 of Corn and Hay, which the Chapter of 
 Southwell had in this Parifh, the Archbi- 
 fhop of York, by the good Will and Sub- 
 million of the Canons of Southwell, de- 
 creed, and ordained, fhould be ftr the 
 future for the common Ufes of the Chap- 
 ter and Canons Refident, the Chapter of 
 York confenting, and King Edward I. con- 
 firming the fame. The Vicarage was al- 
 fo appointed, and is valued at 4 /. 1 1 j. 
 5 d. ob. in the King's Books, ;the Chap- 
 ter of Southwell being the Patron. 
 
 Wejlon, or Wejtune, was divided be- 
 .tween fix Saxon Lords^u/z,. Elmer, and 
 Elwin, Osborn, and Grim, Edric, and Ste- 
 rulph, who had each Man his Hall, and 
 one Bovat of Land before the Conquert"; 
 but after it became Roger de Bujli's, un- 
 der -whom Fitk, Robert, and Turold, were 
 his Men, or Tenants, and had each their 
 Part, or Manor. The Succeflbr of Ro- 
 lert, was Gerbert de Archis Lord of Grove, 
 .which was the Head of the Barony. His 
 Son Gilbert de Archis had only one Daugh- 
 ter Theophania, who brought his Part in- 
 to the Family of the Herjins, or Hercys, 
 of which Sir jpohn de Hercy being the laft 
 Male of that roble Race, fettled it up- 
 on Sir William Mevlnge his Sifter s Son, 
 who fold it to Mr. Peter Roos of Laxtcn, 
 3 
 
 from whom it is now come to Sir Brian 
 Brougbton in 1674. Fulc's Part came to 
 Roger de Wejlon, and hath been in the Fa- 
 mily of the Pierpojnts of Halm ever fince 
 9 Edward II. Turohfs Part was inherited 
 by the CreiJJls, 5 jfobn. and from them 
 pafle.1 to r'ne Family ,of Normanvilf, 
 which qccafioned the Diftin&ion made 
 in this Town, of Wejlon Normanvile, and 
 Wejlon Hercy, divided by a Brook pa.fling 
 between them, which is kept up to this 
 Day. Sir Thomas Normanvile fold this 
 Part to. Robert Roos of Laxton, of whom 
 Sir BriAti Broughton bought it ; fp that Sir 
 Brian how hath the greateft Part of the 
 Town. 
 
 The Church of Wejlon was given to 
 the Monaftery of Blythe, which Roger de 
 Bttfu founded by Gilbert de Archis above- 
 mentioned, and confirmed not only by 
 his Son Gilbert, but by Robert de Herjin, 
 Son and Heir of Theophania, Daughter 
 and Heir of Gilbert de Archis, who certi- 
 fied the Dean and Chapter of York of it, 
 in 1255. From this Time to the Diffo- 
 lution, the Patronage of this Church 
 was in that Abbey, but then was vefted 
 in the Family of Clifton. It was valued, 
 while the Monks had it, at \6 /. but now 
 it is in the King's Books 1 9 /. is. n d. 
 and Sir Gervafe Clifton is now, or lately 
 was the Patron. 
 
 Wejlhorp, and Eajlhorp, are two Ham- 
 lets, belonging to Southwell, and conftitutc 
 in Part the Prebends of Normanton, and 
 Novwell, who have the predial Tythes of 
 it, and all the other Fields, and Hamlets 
 of that Town. 
 
 Wjlloughby, or Wilgebi, was anciently 
 partly the Fee of the Archbilhop of 
 York, and partly of Roger Pi&avenjis, or 
 de Poiftou. The moft ancient Owners of 
 this Place, was the Family of Malet, 
 who held their Lands to the Reign of 
 King Edward III. when they pafled to 
 William Foljamb, and Nazarina bis Wife, 
 we fuppofe, the , Heir of the Maleti, from, 
 whofe Pofterity by a Daughter it came 
 ro "Laurence Hatfeld, about 54 Henry VI. 
 by his Intermarriage with her. Henry 
 HatfelA his Defcendant, who died about 
 26 Henry VIII. left only, two Daughters 
 for his Heirs, Elizabeth and Barbara, who 
 
 afterwards-
 
 NO fTI-N G HAM S H IRE. 
 
 nfV-ervrards were married to Tfamas and 
 William, the Sons of Richard Whalley y 
 Efq; between whom the Manor of Wil- 
 loughby, which was Male is Fee, was divi- 
 ded, and after fome Time Thomas's Moi- 
 ety was fold by his Defcendant Penijton 
 Wbattty of Screveton Efq; to Sir William 
 Willoughly Bar. who left it to Hugh Wil- 
 hughby his natural Sou then under Age, 
 and fince dead. William Wballey's Moi- 
 ety is now the Eftate of 'tha Family of 
 Yarborcugb, by the Marriage of the 
 Daughjtcr and Heir of the faid William 
 Wballey, and Barbara. We find, that 
 18 Rich. II. Reign, one Mr. Henry Ward 
 had this Manor of Willoughby, and that 
 Thomas his Son, i Hen. V. conveyed it 
 to Mr. Richard Stanhope, and that John 
 Bekard had a Part of the Manor of Wil- 
 loughly, 26 Hen. VI. with \vhich he en- 
 feoifed Sir Robert Markham and others, 
 4 Hen. VII. but how to reconcile this 
 Account with the former, we own our 
 fclves at a Lofs. 
 
 Winkburn, and Winchburn, the Manor 
 of Swayn the Saxon before the Norman 
 Invafion, but given to' Gijlebert de Tyfun 
 after it. His Son Adam de Tyfun gave 
 this Town,, and Church to the Knights 
 Hofpitalers of St. John of jFernfalem, 
 which both King John, and Roger de 
 Moubray, to whom Tyfun 's Fee was trans- 
 ferred, confirmed ; as alfo did Henry Ho~ 
 fatus, who had fome Intereft in the Ad- 
 vowibn of the Church. While this Ma- 
 nor belonged to the Hofpitalers, the Pri- 
 or claimed Free-warren in all his De- 
 niefne-lands here, and an Emendation 
 of the Afiize of Bread, and Ale, grant- 
 ed their Society by the Charter or King 
 Henry III. 
 
 At the D involution of the Monafteries, 
 this Manor came into the King's Hands 
 and remained among the Crown-lands, 
 'till King Edward VI. Rfg. ^. granted to 
 William Burnell and C<-;:/.we his Wife, 
 all that his whole Manor, Rectory, and 
 Church of Winkburn, with all -its Riglus, 
 Members, and Appurtenances, late be- 
 longing to the Hofpital of St. Join of 
 Jerufalem in England, and Parcel of the 
 late Preceptory of Nea^land in Yc-rkjhire, 
 with the Advowfon and Right of Patron- 
 
 123 
 
 age of the Vicarage, and all Heredita- 
 ments whatfbever, in the Town, Fields, 
 and Hamlets oWinkburn, paying for the 
 fame into the King's Exchequer feventy 
 nine Shillings and leven Pence. William 
 Burnell Efq; izEIiz.. alienated this Ma- 
 nor with all its Tenements, Tithes, and 
 Hereditaments, to William Eurnell Jun. 
 and his Heirs Male, which being done 
 without Licenfe from the Queen, he 
 was forced to purchafe a Pardon for if. 
 This Manor and its Appurtenances, con- 
 tinue ftill in the Family of the Burnetts. 
 
 Woodborough, or "(Jdeburgh, in which 
 Domefday Book fliews, that St. Mary of 
 Southwell had Sok to Norwell. This 
 Place was Part of the Fee of the Arch- 
 bifhop of York, who had the Church, and 
 one Bo vat of Land here, which belongs 
 ftill to the Prebend of Woodborousjj in that 
 Church. The Tayns had feveral Manors 
 here, one whereof was held by Ulclel 
 before the ConqucilJ another by Aldeae 
 the Anccftor of the Crttmwells. TJIJ:el 
 held his after the Conquelt ; and a third 
 by Alwic, Roger de Bujli alfo had a Fee 
 here, and Ralph de Limofin a greater, of 
 which the Family of Sampfon was the 
 moft ancient Tenants. Some of thefe 
 Tayns Lands came to the Peverells, which 
 Henry de Woodbtirgh held. His Pofterity 
 pofleiTed them from 2.1 Edtv. I. to 9 Ed- 
 Ill, when they were palled to RiJ-.ii--! 
 Strelley and Helena his Wife, whole Po- 
 fterity ejoyed it many Generations, "i.'i! 
 Iflue Male failing, Clrijlopher Strelle\ 
 tied thefe Lands upon John Bold his Sii- 
 ter Ifabel's Son, whole Son and Heir Strel- 
 ley Be Id fold them to Mr. George L.~ 
 whole Pofterity now enjoy them, or late- 
 ly did. Philip Lacak pulled down the 
 Manfion, and hath built a new One. 
 The Rents of the Prebend here \vcr-i 54 s. 
 and thirty Hens, befides divers Copyhold- 
 ers in Fee. Here was alfo a Manor c 
 Renipjlcn's Manor, which was by <h^nc^ 
 2 Hen. IV. fettled oii William de Remfjton 
 and Agnes his Wife for Life, and after 
 them on Sir Join Leeke and his Heirs. 
 
 Here was in this Parifli certain Parcels 
 of Land given to Religious Ufes ; for 
 Roger de Howton gave the Lan.d, which 
 he held in this Place (which was, (as 
 
 Q_ 2 V,'C
 
 1 2 4 
 
 TflNG HJM3 HIRE. 
 
 we fuppofe) of the Fee of Limejin, moft 
 of which was held by the Family of 
 Sampfon) to the Priory of Thurgarton ; 
 and Ralph de Limojin gave to the Mona- 
 ftcry of St. Mary by Hertford a Cell, to 
 St. Albans the Tithes of the Lands held 
 by Hugh Sampfon here, which were grant- 
 ed by King Henry VIII. to Anthony Denny 
 JEfq; and Joan Champernone his Wife, Reg- 
 20. with certain Mefluages and Heredi- 
 taments thereunto belonging, but within 
 *. few Years they were alienated to Henry 
 Strelley Efq; whofe Family had a Free- 
 Jiold here in 1612. Ralph de Bellofago 
 gave alfb to the Monaftery of Thurgarton 
 his whole Land here, which was confirm- 
 ed to that Houfe by King Henry III. 
 
 The Vicarage of Woodborough was eight 
 Marks anciently, and the Prebendary of 
 Woodborougk was the Patron ; but now the 
 Advowfon belongs to the Prebendaries 
 of Oxton, but being worth little or no* 
 thing, the Church, which is a fair Build- 
 ing, is unfupplied ; yet the Vicarage re- 
 mains charged in the King's Books, at 
 4 /. Upon the Top of this Church on 
 the Outfide of the Chancel in the Stone, 
 and in the Windows are the Arms of 
 Strelley, and Crumivell ; in the North 
 "Window of the Church, thofe of Reresby, 
 and in the North Side of the Chancel, 
 thole of Everingham, and Monteney, and 
 on the Church Wall, Woods impaling 
 JMontague- 
 
 Woodcotes, an Hamlet of the Townmip 
 and Parifli of Skegby, anciently the Inhe- 
 ritance of the Baffets, as was alfo Skegby, 
 tut this Place became the Inheritance 
 of Rutland Molyneux, a younger Grand- 
 child of Sir Edmund JMolyneux the Judge. 
 Jehn de L'rfeux had free Warren here, 
 15 Edw. III. 
 
 Wfiljlfarp, an Hamlet belonging to 
 "Loudbam. 
 
 The Wapentake of BASSETLAW. 
 
 This Wapentake, (which in Domefday 
 Book is called Berfetlaw, and in other 
 Records Bernedfetlaive , Berfetlaw, and Ber- 
 teflcw} contains all the Northern Part 
 .pf rhis County, and is bounded on the 
 liaft, and North, where- it ends in an 
 
 obtme Angle with the River Trent, which 
 divides it from L'wcolnjhire , the little Ri- 
 ver Hokdike, and the Idle, on the Weft, 
 with Part of Yorkshire, and Derbyshire ; 
 and on the South, where it crofles the 
 County, with the Wapentakes of Brox- 
 tow, and Thurgarton* It is as large as 
 any three of the former Wapentakes, 
 and contains in it three Divifions, tho* 
 not long fince fo ordered, viz.. South-Clay, 
 North- C lay, ^ and Hatfeld, of which we 
 fliall treat feverally, with the Towns and 
 Villages in each of them. The Fee of 
 the whole Wapentake we fuppole to be 
 in the Crown, and Government in the 
 Sheriff. 
 
 I. The Divifion of SOUTH-* 
 
 This Divifion hath for its Boundaries, 
 on the Eaft, the River Trent, which 
 parts it from Lincolnshire ', on the North, 
 North-Clay, in refpeft to which it hath 
 its Name of South- Clay; on the Weft, 
 the River Idle, which leparates it from 
 Hatfeld Divifion ; and on the South, the 
 Wapentake of . Thurgarton. The chief 
 Town in this Divifion is, 
 
 Tuxford, or as it is written in Domefday 
 Book and other Records Tuxfarne, and 
 Tukesford, called commonly Tuxford in 
 the Clay, from its Situation upon the 
 Clayey Ground of this County, which is 
 the Reafon of the Name of this Divifi- 
 on ; and North-Clay, contained in the Sax- 
 on Times two Manors, then held by Flu- 
 ric and "Ulmar, who being dilpoflefTed by 
 the Normans, Roger de Bujli obtained of 
 the Conqueror the Fee and Inheritance 
 of them. Alan Fitz-jfordan was Lord of 
 thefe Manors under the faid Roger, and 
 leaving only one Daughter for his Heir, 
 named Oliva, fhe being then the Wife 
 of Roger de Monte Begonis, or JMunbegun, 
 fold them with other Eftates to Robert de 
 Lexinton, who had them confirmed to 
 him by King Henry III. His Heirs enjoy- 
 ed them 'till Iflue Male failing, his 
 Lands were divided between Richard dt 
 Sutton, and William de Markham, which 
 lalt obtained thefe Manors for his Part, 
 and left them to his three Daughters, 
 Cectlia t Bertha, and Agnei\ Cecilia mar- 
 ried
 
 NO TTING HA M SHIRE. 
 
 125 
 
 fried Thomas Bettering, whofe Son Tho- 
 mas claimed Free-warren in his Demefne 
 Lands here, in ConjunHon with his Mo- 
 ther's Sifter's, and their Heirs from the 
 Bekerings : this third Part of the Manors 
 paflfed by the Marriage of Alice their 
 Heir to Sir Thomas Rempjlon, and his 
 Heirs. 
 
 The fecond Part of this Manor, which 
 fell upon the Partition to Bertha the fe- 
 cond Daughter and Coheir of Robert 
 JMarkham, became the Inheritance of 
 John Ae Longvillers, by her Marriage with 
 his Father John. In this Family it con- 
 tinued from 25 Ediv. I. to 22 Rich. II, 
 when Iffue Male failing, this Land de- 
 fcended to Sir Richard Stanhope of Ramp- 
 fton, as the Heir of Agnes the Sifter of 
 Thomas de Longvillers, the laft Heir Male 
 of that Family, who died without Iflue. 
 The other Share, which fell to Agnes 
 the youngeft Daughter of Robert de Mark- 
 ham, was by her Marriage with William 
 de Santta. Cruce, carried into his Family, 
 and again divided between three Daugh- 
 ters, under one of whom, the Matter, 
 Fellows, and Scholars of St. John's Col- 
 lege in Cambridge, claimed a third Part 
 of a third Part of this M^nor ; and un- 
 der another of them, John, Son of Wil- 
 liam de Roos of Ingmanthorp, claimed an- 
 other third Part of a third Part ; and 
 having been conftituted Admiral of the 
 Seas from the Thames-mouth northward, 
 10 Edward III, he with the other Co- 
 parceners obtained a Grant of Free-war- 
 ren in all their Dcmefne here. That 
 Part abovementioned, which defcended 
 to the Family of Stanhopes of Ramjlon, 
 was, by Sanchia the Heirefs of that Fa- 
 mily, fold about the latter End of King 
 Henry the Eighth's Reign, to Jchn White 
 Efq; whofe Grandchild Sir John White 
 purchafed moft of the other Shares, 
 and his Grandchild John White Efq; of 
 Cotgrave, is now the Lord and Owner of 
 them. 
 
 Several Lands in this Parifli were gi- 
 \'cn to pious Ules. i. By Sir Thomas 
 Longvillers, who gave a Place in this 
 Town of one hundred Feet in Length, 
 and fifty five in Breadth, and five Marks 
 of yearly Rent out of his third Part of 
 
 3' 
 
 this Manor, to a certain Chaplain to ce- 
 lebrate divine Service in this Church* 
 2. By John Faun, who was entrufted by 
 fome Pious Benefa&or to fettle one Mef- 
 fuage, and a void Lane adjoining, upon 
 three Chaplains to celebrate Mafs in the 
 faid Church. 3. By John de LongviHers> 
 who by a Licenfe obtained of King Ed- 
 ward III. Reg. 51. gave the Advowfon of 
 this Church of Tuxford to the Prior and Ca- 
 nons of NewftedelnShirewood, to find five 
 Chaplains, viz, three in the Church of 
 Tuxford, and two in that of Newftede, to 
 pray for the healthy Eftate of him the 
 faid John while he lived, and for his 
 Soul when he fliould dye ; and for the 
 Souls of his Father, and of all the faith- 
 ful departed for ever: And the faid Pri- 
 or and Canons had Leave at the fame 
 Time, to receive the faid Advowfon, 
 and appropriate the Church to the Ufe 
 of thernfelves and their SuccefTors for 
 ever. 4. By Richard Bifiop of Winchefler, 
 who about the Reign of King Henry VIII. 
 granted a Manor here to the Mafter, 
 Fellow, and Scholars of St. John's Col- 
 lege in Cambridge. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, and 
 was in the Patronage of the Prior of 
 Newjlede, 'till the Diflblution, and then 
 was valued at ten Marks, but after it, 
 the Reftory was taken from that Houfe, 
 and given. by King Henry VIII. Reg. 37. 
 to Trinity College in Cambridge, then, 
 newly ere&ed by him, with the Advow- 
 fon of the Vicarage, which is now valued 
 in the King's Books at 4 /.. 14 j. 7 d. The 
 Re&ory is now, or late was, leafed to 
 the Lord Byron, and Trinity College pre- 
 fents to the Vicarage. 
 
 The prefent State of this Town is 
 this. It hath a good Market here week- 
 ly on Monday, and a fair yearly on the 
 Invention of the Holy Crofs, May 3. and 
 another on the twelfth of September. It 
 as a Poft-town,and a good Thorough-fare, 
 but we do nor find it fiimous for any 
 Kind of Alanufa&ure. It was almoft 
 reduced to Aflies a few Years fince. 
 Here is a good Frce-fchool built by 
 Charles Reed Efq; who was at the Ex- 
 pence of a curious Workmanfhip, and 
 hath endowed it with fifty Pounds per
 
 A^ YT1NG HAMS HI 
 
 Ann. for a Maiter and Ufher; and hath 
 given twenty Pounds per Ann. for the 
 Bording and Teaching four Minifters 
 Sons, or decayed Gendcmens ; and twen- 
 ty Pounds more for teaching the Boys of 
 the Town. The Mayor and Aldermen 
 of Newark, and fix neighbouring Gentle- 
 men are Truftees for it. He added the 
 like "at Corby in Linrtlnfi'tre, and Drax in 
 Yorkjl/n-e, to which laft he added an Hof- 
 pitaJ,. and endowed that alfo with fifty 
 Pound per Ann. The Villages, of this Di- 
 vifion of 'South-Clay are, 
 
 Aikbam, a Bcrue, or Hamlet of La- 
 mtm, where William de Melton Archbi- 
 fhop of York had Free-warren ' 1 7 Edw.-ll. 
 but William Whorwoody 37 Hen. VIII. 
 claimed for the King, againft -Robert 
 Archbifliop of York, the Manor of it, and 
 the Fifhing and Free-warren in the fafd 
 Manor, with the Appurtenances. 
 
 Allerton, or Alreton, is in the Parifh, of 
 UdettftoiD, yet hath two Manors in it, 
 one of them was afrer the Conqueft Ro- 
 per de BxJli'sFec, which Alwold held be- 
 fore, and the other was Gljlebert de Gaunt, 
 taken from . one Wades. The Fee of 
 Gaunt in this and many other Places, 
 became the Inheritance of the Conftables 
 of Cbefter, and accordingly defcended to 
 the Earl of Lancajter, and from him to 
 many noble Families, as Edward Earl of 
 Kent and his Pofterity, of which J-oan 
 the Sifter of John ^rl of Kent being 
 Heir, flic by. Marriage carried it into 
 the Family of Sir Thomas Holland, who 
 in her Right was made Earl of Kent. 
 His Pofterity enjoyed it a while, but at 
 lergth it pa fled again by the Female 
 Heir to the Family of NevUs* who .be- 
 came 5 Hen. VT. liarls of Weflmoreland. 
 Divcrie other Families ha : d~ roffeffions; 
 in this Place, as the Sttttons, Longvillers, 
 Marhhams, &c. but whether they were 
 Portions of Bujli's, or Gaunt's Manor, 
 \ve know not. 
 
 " Here were fomc fmall Parcels of Lands, 
 and other Hereditaments given to Reli- 
 gious Ufes, i. By William de Sntton'?.rcd 
 Matilda his Wife, who made over to the 
 Monaftcry of $W, Ralph Viel of this 
 Place their Villein, with his whole Sequel 
 and all His Chattels, 2. By Robert etc 
 
 Jrfavkhatn, who held in this Place a Wa- 
 ter-mill and Lands of William, Sou of 
 Thomas Fitz-William, which paid to- the 
 Hofpital of Nujljam fourteen Shillings a 
 Year. 
 
 Colonel Thomas Markham, Son of 
 George Markham of this Place, Efq; b"e- 
 ing a Perfon of approved Loyalty to 
 King Charles I as well as Valour and 
 Condiit, had a Regiment given him by 
 that Prince, and fighting the Parliament 
 Forces at GaitnboroH^^ Anno 1643, was Dri- 
 ven- with "many others into the Trent, and 
 there drowned. His Death was much 
 lamented, not only by his Relations, 
 but all that were engaged in that good 
 Caufe. 
 
 Almton, or Ampfon, and in Domefday 
 Book Almentune, is reprefented in that 
 R ecord to be Soc to feveral other Manors, 
 as AfadiAJieid, the King's great Manor, 
 Lexington, OJfington, Chenefale, and Chever- 
 fale, the Fee of Giflebert de Gaunt and 
 Cnefale, which belonged to the Conftables 
 of Chefter in their Succefllons in feverai 
 Families. Diverle Families befides had 
 Eftates herei but the Chief were the 
 AJounbouchers, Mufchampt) and AlmetonSj 
 who laft took their Name from this 
 Place. 
 
 'Tis very obfervablc, that almoft all 
 the Owners of the Lands in this Place, 
 were Perfons fo devout in the Way of 
 thofe Times, that moft, if not all, 'the 
 Lands of it, were given to one Religi- 
 ous Houfe or another. For, i. Armeyfa 
 the Daughter of William Conftable of Che- 
 Jior, gax^e to the Church of St. Mary at 
 RvfbJvH}, and the Brethren there fcrving 
 God, all the Land flie had in ilelmetun, 
 which was two Bovats and an half, in 
 perpetual Alms for the Health of her 
 Soul, QPc. as alfo for the Soul of Euftace 
 Fitz-jfohn her Lord, who in his Life-time 
 had promifed it. 2. John Covjlable of 
 C/T/?rr, for the Health of his own, 
 Wife's, Children*, and Grandfather Eu~ 
 flare's Soul, gave and confirmed to the 
 laid Monks of Rnfford, all the Land 
 which he held in Elmetun, relerving to 
 himfelf ten Shillings per Ann. ' Adelecia his 
 Wife, and John his Son confirmed the 
 fkid Gift. 3. John Lad, or Lafd Earl 
 
 of
 
 >r 
 j.\t. 
 
 HA M SHIRE. 
 
 f 
 127 
 
 of Lincoln and Conftable of Clejler, re- to the Lady Ckcyney. It was valued at 
 
 leafed to the faid Monks Suit of Court, 137. when "flic was Patronefs. It is now 
 
 .for ten Bovat of Lands, which they held valued .at 5 /. i s. S d. and Sir Brian 
 
 of him in. Almeton, and .Henry hie Son Brought <m is Patron. 
 
 confirmed the fame. 4. Richard, Son of Dr. VftUlam CJyappcl Lord Bifhop of 
 
 Hugh de ]Mufckamj>>:&Xffe certain Parcels Cork and Rcfe in Ireland (as Dr. Thorotoit 
 
 .of Land in Almeton, to the iaid 'Monks, .tells vu) lies buried in the Parifli-Chnrch 
 and Robert, Son of Richard Mufhampy and here, where he hath a large monumen- 
 JMargery his Wife confirmed them. 5. tal Infcription, not to be recited here 
 Hugh de Buron considering that human for its Length. He was born at L^xton 
 Life is fhort, and troublefome, and that in this County, brought up in School- 
 he that giveth to the Poor of Chrift lend- learning at Mansfeld, and having been 
 eth to the Lord, did on the Day of his Fellow of Chrijl's College in Cambridge 
 Wife Aldreda's Burial, for her Soul, his twenty feven Years, was from thence 
 Sons, and Daughters, and all his Ance- choten Provoft of Trinity .College in Dab- 
 ftors, with the Confent of his Sons, Hugh /;, and afterwards made Dean ofCaf- 
 
 .and Roger, give to the Church of the fels, and, at length Bifhop of Cork and 
 
 Holy Trinity at Lenton, his Land in this Rcffe. In the Beginning of the late Re- 
 
 Place, prefenting the Writings at the be'llion in- Ireland he came into England, 
 
 great Altar. 6. Hugh Rofel alfo gave to and confining himfelf to a moft retired 
 
 the Brethren at Rufford, all the Land he Life, becaufe England was equally tu- 
 
 held here, viz,, twelve Bovats, referving muhuous, he fpent fome Time at this 
 
 to himfelf ten Shillings to be paid annu- Place, living with Gilbert Benmt t Re&or 
 
 ally, four Shillings to himfelf, and fix of this Church, in whofe Houfe he finifh- 
 
 Shillings tQ the Prior of Lenton, which ed his Courfe on Whitfttnday, 164.9. and 
 
 Ralph Rofel his Son and Heir confirmed, was buried as is abovefaid. He divided 
 
 And-fo moft of the Lands here became Ins Eftate partly to his Relations, to 
 
 the Pofleffions of the Alonaftery of Ruf- whom he was obliged by Nature, and 
 
 ford, and with it are become the Inheri- partly to diftrefled Minifters, with whom 
 
 tance of the Heirs of the late Vifcount he was a Fellow- fufferer. 
 
 Halifax of the Family of the Savils. Crelkge, or Cratele, a Manor, which 
 
 Eildeftaorp, or Bylfthorp, was before the before the Conqueft Rolf jield, and after 
 
 Conqueft the Free-hold of U7f, the Sax- it became the Pofleffion of Gijlcbert de 
 
 en, but he .being deprived of it by the Gam?, who gave it to the Monaftery of 
 
 Normans^ it became the Free-hold of Rufford, which he founded, and it was 
 
 .Gijlebert de Gand. It was at this Time confirmed to that Houfe by the Kings 
 
 Soc to Rgford. . It became after the De- Stephen, and Henry II. and Rohefia his Wife; 
 
 mefhe of Jeffrey Tregot, who had the as did Alice the Countefs, and Earl &"- 
 
 whole Town given him by Robert de mon her Husband, in his Court of Fcder- 
 
 Grettle with his Daughter in Frank-mar- ingbay,.- and R.ilph the Son of Remtgius. 
 
 riage. The Family of Lowdbam had Other Donations given to the faid Houfe 
 
 fome confiderable Pofleffions here, and out of this Parifh were, i. Of Agnes the 
 
 the Folejambs.by marrying one of the Co- \Vife of Jefiry Eekering, who gave to the 
 
 heirs of. Sir jobnLowdbam, had fome In- Monks of it four Bovats in this Place, re- 
 
 iier.eft here for a Time, but now the whole ferving to her felf and Heirs, half a 
 
 -Manor is the Eltate of Sir Brian Brough- Mark of Silver to be paid yearly, which 
 
 Jar. or his Heirs. He was elder her-Son Henry de Eyering confirmed. 
 
 Brother of? .Peter Btiughtw Efq; of Darkton t DerIetoniOi:][)erlington,ns'Domef~ 
 
 -Lttudfjant. day Book tells us, was then a Berue of 
 
 The Church here is a Retory. It the Kind's great Manor of Dunham, and- 
 
 was a while- in Controverfy between the was by King Edw. I. let to Farm to the 
 
 ' Pole iamb*.: *nd iLady Cheyney, to whom Men of the Place, yet- William dt Valence 
 
 : thc. Advowfon belonged, but was given had a Part of the Demefne,. In the 
 
 Reign,
 
 Reign of King Edward IV. George Duke 
 of Clarence had a Gmnf, by the King's 
 Letters Patent, to receive 147. a Year 
 out of the Farm of this Manor, and that 
 of Ragenbil. In the Reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth, Sampfon Meverel, Son and Heir 
 of Francis Meverel Efq ; was Lord of this 
 Manor of Darleton, or Darlington. ' Here 
 is a free Chapel now in ufe. 
 
 Drayton, another Berue of the faid Ma- 
 nor of Dunham, called Eajl-Drayton, to 
 diftinguifti it from the other Dr.tyton in 
 Hatfeld Divifion, called Wejl-Drayton. 
 The Arehbifhops of York had two Caru- 
 cates of Land here, and the appropriate 
 Tithes, but the- King and Audomar de Va- 
 lence were Lords of it. In thefe later 
 Times the Family of Reyners were the 
 moft considerable Owners in this Place, 
 of whom John Reyaer, who was Sheriff of 
 this County, proclaimed King Charles II. 
 at the Restoration in 1660. They were 
 Men of Eftate here in the Reign of 
 Henry IV. 
 
 The Chmrch here is a Vicarage in the 
 Tatronage of the Dean and Chapter of 
 jTcrk, who have the appropriate Tithes. 
 It was formerly valued at ten Marks, 
 but is now valued in the King's Books at 
 9?. 3*. 4<f. In the South Lfle of the 
 Church, here are within a. Garter the 
 Arms of the Lord Burgh. 
 
 Dunham, the Manor of King Edward 
 the Confeffor, before the Conqueft, and 
 after the Demefne of King William I. 
 having Soc, betides the four Berues, 
 Darleton) Ragenhll, Wymenton, and Swarne- 
 fton (which two lart are totally loft, fave 
 that fbme Clofes now in the former bear 
 thofe Names) Marcham, Greenlelge, Ord- 
 fall, Grave, Hcdune, Upton, and Norman- 
 ton. The Men of Dunham, Soc, and 
 Manor, are Tenants of ancient Demefne, 
 and ought to be quit of Murder, Pon- 
 tage, ,^nd all other Fines, to which the 
 Commonalty of the reft of the County 
 arc fubjeft. King Henry III. gave this 
 Manor, to Reginald Dammartln Earl 
 of Boloigne, who lelt it k> his Son 
 Matthew, from whom it parted to Ralph 
 F<tz-Nerfolas who held it but a fmall 
 Time, for the fame King Henry III. to- 
 iwirds the latter End of his Reign gave, 
 
 and confirmed to his beloved and faith- 
 ful Brother William de Valence, this Ma- 
 nor of Dunham ; but Robert the Son of 
 Ralph, being thought to have fbme Title 
 after his Father's Death, he was fo dealt 
 with, that he reftored, and quit-claimed 
 for himfelf and his Heirs, all his Right 
 and Title to the faid King, for the Ufe 
 of the faid William, 50 /. only exceptcd, 
 which ufed to be paid out of it to the 
 Exchequer, according to a former Extent 
 of that Manor. Audomer de Valence Earl 
 of 'Pembroke, when he died , I 7 Edvj. II. 
 held this Manor of Dunham with the Soc. 
 He left no Heirs of his Body, and fo 
 John de Hajtings, and the two Daughters 
 of John Com In were found his next Heirs. 
 From one of thefe named Elizabeth, de- 
 fccnded Elizabeth, who marrying to Sir 
 John le Scroop, he held this Manor in her 
 Right during her Life ; but after his De- 
 ceafe ine married Thomas Plercy, by 
 whole Daughter this Manor pafled in 
 Marriage to Sir Edward de Burgh, whofe 
 Son Thomas de Burgh was created Lord 
 Bttrgb by King Henry VIII. and made 
 Knight of the Garter by Queen Eliza- 
 beth. The lateit Owners of this Place, 
 that we find, are the Earl of Shrewsbury, 
 Mr. Markhttm, &c. 
 
 The Lands given to Religious Ufes in 
 this Town are thefe, viz. King Henry I. 
 gave to Tburjlon Archbifhop of Tork, the 
 Church of Dunham, -that he might make 
 it a Prebend in the Church of Southwell, 
 as we fhall hereafter fhew he did. Ralpb 
 Pl:ichet alfo gave to the Monks of Ruf- 
 ford, for the Souls of his Father, Mother, 
 Brothers, and all his Anceftors, one Toft 
 in this Place, lying on the South Part of 
 the Town four Perches long, and as 
 many broad, on Condition, that the 
 Monks fliould not receive any more 
 Lands in that Town, but by the Favour 
 and good Will of himfelf and his Heirs. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, in 
 the Patronage of the Prebendary O f 
 Dunham, whofe Prebend is the Re&ory. 
 It was anciently valued at ten Marks, 
 but is now in the King's Books valued at 
 4/. 13 s. 4rf. 
 
 Eaton, Eton, Eyton, Attune, or Idkton t 
 by all which Names it is c*llcd in an- 
 cient
 
 NO ff 1 NG H4 M S II IRE. 
 
 ctent Records, and modern Writers. 
 Dr. Thoroton is of Opinion that this Place, 
 which is fituate upon the River Idle, is 
 the Adelocum, or Agelocurti of Antoninus in 
 his Itinerary, which was indeed formerly 
 the Opinion of Mr. Cambden, but as that 
 learned Antiquary afterwards found his 
 Miftake, and fettled it at Littleborcttgh, 
 which all our Maps follow, and Mr. 
 Burton has fufficicntly juftified in his 
 Notes upon the Itinerary, fo our Modern 
 Antiquaries do firmly adhere to it, the 
 other Conjefture being built purely upon 
 the Nearnefs of Sound, which is a very 
 weak Argument. 
 
 Here were before the Conqueft ten 
 Manors, ten Taynes, having each Man 
 his Hall here, but Wi.'/i.im the Norman 
 Invader reduced them to one, and gave 
 them to his Favourite Roper de Bujli, 
 whofe Man, or Tenant was Fulk, yet the 
 Archbifliop of York had fome Lands here, 
 Soc to his Manors of Sutton, Lound, 
 Scrxby, Madrijley, &c. In the Reign of 
 King Hetay II. the Family dWolringtojt 
 held this Manor, and his _ Pofterity en- 
 joyed it-fomc Time after him, 'till 19 Ed. 
 II. he divided it among his four Daugh- 
 ters, by whofe Marriages (one of them 
 dying angle) this Manor was divided 
 into three Parts, which were held in the 
 Reign of King Henry VI. by John Lever- 
 <wLkj who was Tenant to one third Part, 
 John Cutt, who held another third Part, 
 and Thomas Wirtley who had another 
 third Part. Shortly after this Time it 
 became the Inheritance of Sir John Sa- 
 vage, who enfeoffed Sir Thomas Chaworth 
 and others, with two third Parts, and 
 Sir William Babington, and Thomas Nevil, 
 with a Third to the Ufe of Hugh Hercy, 
 whofe Defcendants difpofed of their Part 
 to Mr George Marram, from whofe Fa- 
 mily it came to Nicholas Stringer, and it 
 is now in the Pofleffion of Francis Stringer 
 Efq; 
 
 Here were fome Eftates given to Reli- 
 gious Ufes by certain pious Benefactors, 
 viz. Thomas de Wolrington, and Rametta 
 his Wife, gave to the Canons of 
 Radford near Workfop, the Church of Ea- 
 ton with all its Appurtenances. Robert 
 his Son confirmed the Gift, aa.l force 
 
 129 
 
 Time after Robert,, the Son, Herbert de 
 Wolrington releafed all his Right and 
 Claim to the Advowfbn of the Church 
 of Eaton, to the Prior and Convene of 
 Workfop ; by another Deed of the fame 
 Date, remifed the faid Advowfbn to 
 John Archbifhop of York, who it fcems 
 caried it, and in the Year 1289. made 
 it a Prebend in the Church of Southwell, 
 as it ftill continues. John de Wijfov;e alfo 
 Chaplain, had a Licenfc to give two Parts 
 of a Mefluage in this Place, to the 
 Manfion of Mr. Gilbert Welton, Preben- 
 dary of the Prebend of Eaton in the 
 Church of St. Maty of Southwell, and 
 a third Part of a Mefluage, and one 
 Acre and an half of Land, and half an 
 Acre of Meadow in' tne fame Town, ro 
 Henry Swir.fiede, Vicar of the Church of 
 Eaton. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, in th<s 
 Patronage of the Prebendary of Eaton, 
 whofe Prebend the Reitory is. It wai 
 anciently valued at 4/. 13 /. 4 d. and lb 
 it rtili continues in the King's Books. 
 The Value of the Living is more or lefs^ 
 according as Hops prove. 
 
 Egmanton, or Agemanton, had two Ma 
 nors, the Eftate of two Saxons before the 
 Conqneft, viz* Turchetel, and TJlmar, who 
 upon the Norman Invafion were forced 
 to give Place to Roger ci; Bx/li, who then 
 became Lord of it. In the Reign of 
 King Henry I. there was bne Nifelhts ^ 
 Albani, Brother to the Earls ofC/tr*and 
 Arttndel, then a young Alan of a good 
 Difpofifion, and great Hope, who cany- 
 ing the King's Bow was made a Knight, 
 and for his Honefty enfcoffed by that 
 King with this Manor, \virh the Park's 
 and Appurtenances. He had- rot been 
 feifed of them long, but he gave them. 
 to his fpecial Friend Robert D'AivHe* 
 which when the King heard of, He asked 
 him, Whether it -mere fo, and he anfwcrcd 
 It was, adding, That now He had two h'y- 
 nefl Knights, whereas before he had but or,?. 
 The Family of D'Aivile held this Manor 
 of Nigellus and his Poftcrity, who rook 
 on them the Name of MfHbray. John 
 D'Ayvill had Free-warren granted here 
 .9 JEifor. I. From this Family it came to 
 .the EwriHgl.'ftnj Lords of Laxt:n y who 
 R raarne'd
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 married Joan D'Eyvill, the Daughter and 
 Heir of J-olon. The Everhighams held this 
 Manor Tome Succeffions, and then it came 
 to the Norlhwoods. In after Times, Sir 
 Richard Stanhope of Ramfioae had a Aloi- 
 cty of this Manor, which he left to his 
 Pofterity, but the great Manor became 
 the Inheritance of Popham, by the Mar- 
 riage of the Daughter and Heir of Sir 
 Sebaftian Harvey, an Alderman of "London. 
 Egmantw- Hatt was purchafed and built 
 by Nicrolas Powtrel Serjeant at Law, who 
 gave it to his Coufin Markham, whofe 
 Heir fold it to Mr. Francis Wiltiamfon, 
 from whofe Family 'tis now come to the 
 fierpoints of Nottingham, defcended from 
 the Kinpfon Family. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Place was given, 
 by J-ohn D'Eyvill, to the Priory of Neiv- 
 ftetU in Sbirwcod, and was appropriated 
 10 it by Pope J-o'an XXII. with the Li- 
 cenfc of Xing Richard II. and while the 
 Prior and Convent held it, the Vicarage 
 was in their Patronage, and was then va- 
 lued at j/. At the Diflolution of the Ab- 
 bey of Newjtede, the Re&ory was given 
 to John Belloive, but he held it not long, 
 for 38 Hen. VIII. he had a Liccnfe to 
 alienate if with all its Appurtenances to- 
 Robert ThomhiU Efq; and his Heirs, but 
 the Vicarage was feparated, and is now 
 in the Gift of Sir Brian Broughton, being 
 valued in the King's Books at 4 /. 6 s. 
 
 orf. ;. 
 
 Ekerinz, Eykering, E'ikering, Eycrlng, or 
 as it is in Domefday Book, Edering, and 
 in our Maps, Akrlng had a Part, Soc of 
 Mautufeld, which was the King's ancient 
 Dcmcfne, and another Part Soc of Lax- 
 ton, which was Go'ufrid ae Alfe tin's Fee, 
 but bcfides thefe Parcels, there were two 
 Manors belonging before the Conqueft to 
 Ingulf, and Echebrand the Saxons, but af- 
 ter given to Gi/lebert de Gand, whofe Te- 
 ant or Man, in the former, was William, 
 hut in the later, Echebrand continued. 
 Walter de Gand inherited thefe Manors 
 after his Father, as his Son Gilbert did 
 after him, but this laft leaving no Heirs 
 Male, Alice his Daughter and Heir, car- 
 ried it by Marriage into the Family of 
 Simon dt Si- Liz, who having ao Iffue, it 
 came to the Smtenj, 2 Ed-w, I, and from 
 
 them to the Sornerys, Lords Dudley, Job* 
 de Ros of Hamlack, and Roger Earl of 
 Rutland, who fold it to Robert Earl of 
 KingJ}on, in whofe Family, now Dukes, 
 it continues. 
 
 Many Parts of this Parifh were given, 
 to Religious Ufes, by diverfe pious Be- 
 nefaftors, viz- Gilbert de Gand, who gave 
 to God, and St. Mary of Rufford, and the 
 Monks there ferving God, in Increafe of 
 the Donations he had fettled on them 
 at his founding that Abbey, his whole 
 Demefne in this Place, cleared of Purpre- 
 fture in his own Court ; and Simon tie Liz 
 his Succeflbr, gave to the faid Monaftery, 
 the Right of Patronage of the Moiety 
 of the Church, which Alice his Countefs, 
 for the Safety of her own, and her 
 Lord's Soul, confirmed, with the Patro- 
 nage and Advowfon of the faid Moiety 
 to the faid Monks. Gilbert ete Scheigbey 
 alfo gave to the faid Monks of Rufford, 
 ten Acres here, which his Father held of 
 William de Albanl, on Condition, that 
 they fhould receive him into their Fra- 
 .ternity for Sepulture, if it could be 
 done regularly, and Wlttlam Ae Aubeni- 
 confirmed it, with what they held of his 
 Fee, and on that Account was to be con- 
 cerned in all the Benefits of their Houfe, 
 and when he died, to have Service per- 
 formed for him, as for one of their own 
 Monks. Aeliz de Cundey alfo, and Roger 
 her Son gave to God, and the faid 
 Church of St. Mary at Rufford, twa 
 Dwellings containing two Acres, as did 
 alfo Hugh Bardulf, and Hugh Heir. Wtilfi 
 Son of Wulf of Ekering gave three 
 Acres to the Monks of Riifford, which 
 were of the Demefne of Walter de Gaunt, 
 and Earl Gilbert his Son, that for the 
 Love of God, and brotherly Charity, 
 the Monks fhould keep Godwin his Son, 
 'till he fhould be of Age, in their Houfc, 
 and there if he would be made a Con- 
 vert, fhould be received into the Order 
 of Converts, but if he would not, they 
 fliould keep the Lands. Jeffrey de EKer- 
 ing alfo, for the Health of his own Soul, 
 and his Wife's, and for the Honour of 
 bis Brother Walter,, whom the faid 
 Monks had taken into their Congrega- 
 tion, gave them a Parcel of Lands, m 
 
 this.
 
 this Place, Called Elfe-lands, lying be- 
 tween the Bounds of Ekering and Cratele. 
 Sibilla alfo, the Daughter of Richard de 
 Angevin, confirmed all the Lands, which 
 her Coufin William (whofe Heir me 
 was) had given to the faid Monaftery, 
 viz* 3 s> in Silver yearly, one Bovat, 
 held by Roger de Lund, and one Toft by 
 JMaud de Camera. Robert Scarlet alfo, and 
 Beatrix his Wife, with the Confent of 
 the Lord Roger de Hjyra rendred and 
 Quit claimed to the laid Monks, two 
 Bovats of Land in this Place, which had 
 formerly been Ougrine's the Forefter of 
 Walter de Gant. Ralph de Hereford alfo 
 confirmed to the faid Monks, all the 
 Lands which they had in this Place, viz. 
 nine Box'ats, which \vere Angots, and af- 
 terwards Osbert de Capella's ; all the Land 
 called Brakynflort, the Land called St. 
 John* Wood, two Bovats, and two Tofts, 
 &>c. All thefe Lands at the Diflblution 
 came, with the Monaftery of Rufford, to 
 the Earl of Shrewsbury, and by Defcent 
 from him to George Savil Marquefs of Ha- 
 lifax. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, and 
 though the Moiety of the Advowlbn 
 was given to the Monks of Rufford, we 
 do not find, that rhey ever prefented. 
 The Lord Ros of Hamlake is the moft 
 ancient Patron, that we can difcover to 
 have given it, and at his Time it was 
 valued at twenty Marks, the late Mar- 
 quefs of Halifax was the laft Patron we 
 meet with, and in his Time 'twas rated 
 in the King's Books at p/. 16 s. 
 
 Gamjlon, or Gameljfon upon Idle, in our 
 Maps Gramjion, is part Soc to Egmanton, 
 but the greateft Part was the Fee of Ro- 
 ger of Poiffou, two Manors of which were, 
 before the Conqueft, the Free-hold of 
 the Saxons Gamel, and Swain, and another 
 belonged to Chetelberne, which he conti- 
 nued to hold of Roger. In the following 
 Times the Family of Matterfeys, or 
 Marefeys (who take their Name from the 
 Village of this County of that Name) 
 were the Owners of it, 'till Heirs Male 
 failing, Ifabel, the Daughter and Heir of 
 Thomas de Marefey Kt. tranferred it by 
 Marriage to Sir Philip de Chaticey whofe 
 family enjoyed it, 'till Ifabel de 
 
 the Daughter and Heir of Gerard de 
 Chancey, carried it by Marriage to the 
 Family of JMonbocher, who held it fbmc 
 Time, bur Iffue failing in Ralph d-> Mon- 
 boucher, his Wife Margaret held this Ma- 
 nor as her Dower for Life, and then ic 
 pafled to Thomas Thnrland, v/ho was 
 found the next Heir, 4 Ed-w. IV. A De- 
 fcendant of this Family in the laft Cen- 
 tury, fold it to Thomas Markham Efq; 
 the eldeft Son of Sir jFokn Markham of 
 Gotham, but it continued not long in that 
 Family, for it was foon after the Inheri- 
 tance of the Earl of Clare's, who hath 
 Thttr land-He ufe in Nottingham, where li- 
 ved Thomas] Thurland, the great Mer- 
 chant of the Staple, who was the Raifer 
 of that Family. A little ahove'this Town 
 the Mauri) and Meden Rivers joyn with 
 Idle. 
 
 Here were fome Parcels of Lands, 
 which the Family of Marefeys Lords of 
 this Place, had fettled upon the Mona- 
 ftery of Gilbert'iKes founded by them at 
 Marefey, which Ifabel the Daughter of 
 Sir Thomas Marefey, and Wife of Sir Phi- 
 lip Chancey confirmed, as the Gift of her 
 Anccftors. 
 
 The Church here is now a Re&ory. 
 It was anciently accounted a Part of the 
 Chapelry of Blithe, but being fettled on 
 the Monaftery of Mattefey or Marefy t 
 it appears by the Regifter, i6Edw.\\1. 
 that the Prior of Maderfey was the Pa- 
 tron, of whom Richard de Witfouehby ob- 
 tained it, and prefented Roger Az Wi/Iougk- 
 ly. The Reftory, while the Prior of 
 Matherfay was Patron, was twenty- 
 Marks, 'but now it is valued in the 
 King's Books at 11 /. lo'j. 5 d. z . and 
 the Patronage is in the King. The Li- 
 ving is a good one, being worth foms 
 Years 1507. or i<5o/. by reafon of the 
 Hops, which are planted here in great 
 Abundance. 
 
 Grymfton, or Grimjlon, of which Part 
 was Soc to Mansfeld, and the King had 
 a Bern in it. The King alfo had a Ma- 
 nor in this Place which had a Beru in his. 
 great Manor of Mansfeld. In the Reign 
 of King Henry III. Henry de Say had this 
 Manor, which had juft before pafled 
 through the Families of Foliots, and Bn- 
 R a dolft t
 
 NO TT I NG HJ MS HI RE. 
 
 A///.J ; for Richard Foliot had in the fame 
 Reign Free-warren here, and Power to 
 embattel his Dwelling-Houfe in this Ma- 
 nor. Kis Family ended in a Daughter, 
 Margery, who being married to Hugh de 
 Haftings, brought this Manor into that 
 Family, who foon ztfter releafed it to Sir 
 Robert Clifton and his Heirs. 
 
 Grove i or Grave, of which fome Part 
 was ancient Demefne of the Soc of Dun- 
 kam, but the principal Part was the Fee 
 of Roger Bujli, which before he was put 
 into it, was the Fee of Alwin, and Of- 
 tnur.d, two Saxons, Rcbert was the Man, 
 rr TenaTit of Rger, to whom Gerbert de 
 Arches fuceeedcd : his Poftcrity held ir 
 but two Succeffions, and then it was di- 
 vided between two Daughters and Heirs. 
 viz.. Theopkavia married to Malvejin de 
 Herd, and Ifabel married to William Ruf- 
 fus. This Manor in the Partition was 
 the Eftate of Ifabel, whofe Daughter, 
 and Heir Eyncina married one of the Sir- 
 name of Mortayn, by whom fhe had two 
 Sons William and Robert, to which laft 
 Ihe gave this Manor of Grove, becaufe 
 William was Heir to his Father's Inheri- 
 tance. Enjlachius de JMortayn his Son was 
 his Heir, and parted this Manor to Mr. 
 Henry Clyf, who fettled it on Hugh de 
 Hercy and Alice his Wife, and their Heirs, 
 
 2 Edward III. In this Family it continu- 
 ed feveral Succeffions, 'till Sir J-ohn de 
 Hercy having no IfTuc Male, difpofed his 
 great Patrimony to his eight Sifters, of 
 which Barbara the fifrh, who married 
 George Nevil, had for her Part this Ma- 
 nor of Grove. His Pofterity have enjoyed 
 it ever fince, and Sir Edward Nevil, or 
 his Pofterity are now Lords of ir, and 
 hare a pretty Seat on it. The Lady of 
 Sir Edward Nevil Bar. created Feb. 24, 
 1674. 27 Car. II. *&s livirg in it 1711. 
 Ar.tlpny Nevil of this Family, was a Ma- 
 j- r for the King in the late Rebellion. 
 
 The Church here is a Rc&ory, and 
 hath always gone along with the Manor, 
 sis is ufnal. While the Family of Hercys 
 v.ere Patrons, itwas valued at ten Pounds, 
 but row the Nevih have the Patronage, 
 it is in the King's Books valued at 1 1 /. 
 34* zd. 
 
 Headon, Hedune, or Heddott, was of the 
 Soc of Dunham, the King's Manor, and 
 Grove, but had befides a Manor, which 
 was Roger de Bttjli's Fee after the Con- 
 queft, and before Godric's, and fix Thames, 
 who had each of them their Hall there : 
 William was Roar's Man. His Pofterity 
 took the Sirname, de Hedon, and held 
 this Manor under him and his Heirs. 
 They were great Men in their Time, for 
 Simon de Heddcn was Sheriff of this Coun- 
 ty 45 Hen. III. and his Son and Heir, 
 Gerard de Heddon held the fame Office two 
 Years in the fame Reign, viz.. An. 51. & 
 53. He obtained a Charter of Free- 
 warren in his Manor here, of the faid 
 King Henry the Third. This Family 
 continued Lords of this Manor, 'till the 
 Reign of King Edward the Third, when 
 Heirs Male failing, it paflcd by the Fe- 
 male Line to the Families of farces at 
 Wymondiuould, Chaworths, and laltly to 
 the Wejler.eys, in which it now remains, 
 Sir Edmund Wefeney Bar. or his Heirs, 
 being the prefent Owners of it, together 
 with the Advowfon of the Church. Sir 
 Hardolph Wejlney Bar. whofe Anceftors 
 have enjoyed it ever fince 1622.. had al- 
 moft finifhed his fine Seat he was build- 
 ing on it in 1711. 
 
 The Religious had but a fmall Pit- 
 tance in this Place, for we find no Be- 
 nefa&or to them here, but Hugh de He- 
 don, Son of Fulc, who gave to the Mo- 
 n after y of Blithe a a Meafure of Wheat, 
 
 , then called Acrafed, or Acraflet of Blithe 
 (j. e. Seed for an Acre of Land) to be 
 paid on the Feaff of St. Katharine, the 
 
 .Virgin and Martyr, Nov. 25. which his 
 Son Hugh not only confirmed, but added 
 a yearly Rent of izd. to be paid with it. 
 The Wheat Simon de Hedune his Grand- 
 fon increafed to a Quarter, and confirm- 
 ed the Rent. 
 
 The Re&ory of Hcdon, was at firft 
 ao /. when the .Patronage of it came 
 to the Family of the Wejlcneys, and the 
 Vicarage was then ten Marks, and the 
 Reftor was Patron of it ; but now the 
 Re&ory is in the King's Books valued at 
 J 5 /. 1 2 i. 6 d. and Sir Hardolfh. Wejleney 
 his Hirs, ox Afligns^ are the Patrons, 
 
 * s
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 as they arc alfo of the Vicarage, which 
 at this prcfcnt is valued in the King's 
 Books at 4 /. 5 '. 4 d. 
 
 Kingshaugh, Kingshagh, or Kingihay, 
 the King's Demefne, but held by Simon 
 de Montfort, Earl of Leicejler, and Eleanor 
 his Countefs, 43 Hen. III. and after them 
 Jeffrey de Langky ; but Baldwin de Irfula, had 
 a Grant of the Hay ; and the Men of Der- 
 leton, and Rageneli, had Pafture in the 
 Woods there for their Cattle, as their 
 AncefEors had it in the Reigns of King 
 Henry II. and King John. In 29 Hen. III. 
 jRoffer </e .R0J (ftiled in the Record, Cif- 
 faF.&gis) gave an Account of this Ma- 
 nor, but in the Reign of King Edw II. 
 Ifabel the Wife of John de Cajlre, had the 
 King's Pardon, for acquiring together 
 with her Husband, this Manor of Kings- 
 hang^. Richard Nevil Gent, had this Ma- 
 nor 38 He}!. VIII. and Augujiin Earl, 8 
 Eliz. in whofe Family it hath continued 
 ever fince, being now, or late the Eltate 
 of Richard Earl of Thragelthorf>, Lincoln- 
 jhiref 
 
 Kirkton, or Cinbeton, is not found in 
 Domefday Book, fo that we can't give 
 any Account of the Lords in the Con- 
 queror's Days, but we conjecture 'twas 
 Roger Etijli's Fee. The firft Lord we find 
 was Alan Fitz.-Jordan, who gave it to 
 Jeffrey de Pbremont, or Fremunt, from 
 whom it parted to Hugh Fitz.-Ralpb, who 
 gave his whole Demefne in this Town 
 to the Church of St. Mary, and Monks 
 of Rufford, with all its Appurtenances, 
 except rhe Advowfon of the Church to 
 be held of him, and his Heirs for 30 /. 
 per Ann. which Rent he afterwards re- 
 leafed. The Monks held this Manor 'till 
 the Snpprcffion of the Abbies, when all 
 this Manor, with the Grange-lands, ar/il 
 Tenements belonging to their Houfe, 
 were given, with the Monaftery, to the 
 Earl "of Shrewsbury. The Family of 
 Clarkfon .have had a fair. Capital Mef- 
 fuage, and a .goodly Demefnc in this 
 Place for many Defcents,. and ,livcd 
 there in the laii Century. 
 
 The Monks of Rufford had a confider- 
 able Intereft in this Place, for befides 
 the Demefne given them as above, and 
 con&vmed to 'them again and again, by 
 
 Fttz-Ralpb's Heirs; they had feveral 
 Donations from others here, for Robert 
 de Lexington, for the Health of the Soul 
 of his Lady Oliva de Monteb'gwiSj his 
 own, and all his AnccJtors, rclcaled to 
 them a yearly Rent of a Mark, which 
 they were wont to pay him for fevcn 
 Bovats of his Fee in 'Tux ford ; Adam de 
 E-veringham alfo releafed all foreign Ser- 
 vices and others, to the faid Monks, for 
 the Lands which they held of his Fee in 
 Kirkton ', and Robert the. Baker of Tiixford 
 gave a Toft, and one Bovat in K!rketcx t 
 to their Abbey, which had alfo th.e 
 Commonage in the Park here, paying 
 yearly to the Prior and Convent of New- 
 jlede, 13 s. 4</. The Abbot of Rttfford 
 claimed Free- warren alfo in this Manor. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, anci- 
 ently in the Patronage of the Heirs of 
 Hugh Fitz-Ralpb, of whom Nicholas de 
 Cantilupe was one, who prcfented WiSiam 
 de Dwfeby, 16 Ed-w. III. notwirhftanclir.g- 
 it had been cfteemed a Alember of the 
 Chapelry .of ElMe, t and given, amon^ 
 many others by King Jd>n, to Walter 
 Bifhop of Roan, and afterwards of Mr. 
 Turzvait, when it was valued at ic A. 
 The Earl of Clare' & Family (late Duke 
 of Newcaflle'} or their Heirs, are row 
 Patrons, and 'tis now valued in the 
 King's Books at 7 /. 14 s. $d. ob. 
 
 Lanebam, or Lanum, a Manor belong- 
 ing to the See of York, with its Berucs, 
 viz- Afcam, BeckiHgbam, Solum, 'Burton, 
 Legreta, Savndeby, and Wateleg, and the' 
 Archbifhop had Free-warren there, but 
 Godfrey Bifhop of Worcefier had a Toft 
 and nxteen Acres, and Robert Afcougb, a 
 DoQor in Detrtti> t had lijcewlfc fome 
 Me.uuages and Lands in it. 
 
 The Church is a Vicarage, in the Pa- 
 tronage of the Dean and Chapter of 
 Tork, valued anciently ar 7 /. but is now 
 in the King's Books but 5 /. 3 <. ^d. 
 
 Lstx'ti'ti, or LctihigiM, i lie Manor of 
 Tc.-f.i the <. r ;ww before the Norman Inva- 
 fion, but 'ni:i"de the Fee of Go! if rid d<> Al- 
 felin, t>y King pVtJfiam I. and had Soc in 
 Almentune, Bejllorjt, C.irleton, JLcberir.tr > 
 and feveral other Places. Walter was- 
 Gohfrid's Man. GoisfrifTs fees were fcon 
 divided, 4'^. in King Hf /_) 1's. Tim<?, of
 
 154 
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 fooncr ; and this Manor fell to Robert ds 
 Can?,, who made it the Manfion and 
 Head of his Barony. JMatildis de Cauz, 
 was his Heir, and by her this Manor 
 came into the Cnftody of Richard de Lef- 
 fingion, in \vhofe Time it was made a Ba- 
 rony by King Jchn, Reg- 13. His Son 
 Robert \vas created Lord Lexington, and 
 held the Lands here which belonged to 
 the Family of Cauz. To this Barony of 
 Cauz, belonged the Cuftody of the Forefts 
 in the Counties of Nottingham, and T)er- 
 'bvjljire, which the faid Maud de Cam had 
 by Inheritance, and were confirmed to 
 her, and her fecond Husband Ralph Fitzr 
 Stepben, and her Heirs, which after her 
 Death Jcbn de Birkin was found to be, 
 and having paid his Relief to the King 
 was put in Poffeflion of all that was 
 JWaud's. His Son John ibct^cded him in 
 the faid Eftate, but having no Heirs of 
 his Body, his Sifter Ifabel carried it by 
 Marriage to Robert de Everingham, who 
 liad with her the Baylivvick, and Cuftody 
 of the Foreft of Sbirkvood, which her Fa- 
 ther had added to his Lordihip of Lex- 
 ington. The Everinghams held this Ma- 
 nor and the Appurtenances fome Suc- 
 ceflions, but Edmund de Everingham the 
 laft Heir Male dying in his Minority, 
 his Uncle's Daughters, Joan and Katha- 
 rine, were his Heirs, which laft marrying 
 Sir" John Etton, brought this Manor into 
 his Family, which Sir Miles his Son left 
 among his four Daughters, but John Rocs, 
 who married Ifabel the fecond of them, got 
 all this Manor partly as his Wife's Right, 
 and the Reft by Purchafe. His Family 
 were the Owners of this Manor for fome 
 Generations, but at length by the Prodi- 
 gality of Gilbert Roos this Manor was 
 fold, and all fpcnt. Sir Brian Broughton 
 Bar. or his Heirs, have this Manor, 
 which he bought of Gilbert Roos his Kins- 
 man. The Manor of Lexington, which 
 gave Title to the firft Lords, defcended 
 to his Heirs, and ftill remains in that 
 noble Family, called Sutton, 
 
 Some Parts of this Place were given, 
 to Religious Ufes, by Annels Caux, and 
 Robert Caux her Son, who bellowed each 
 of them fome Parcels of Land upon the 
 Knights Hofpitallers of St, Join of Jew 
 
 fa'lem. The ReSory alfo of this Parifli 
 was appropriated to the College of Jefus 
 in R^theram, founded there by Thomas 
 Rotheram, fome Time Bifhop of Lincoln, 
 but by which of the Lords we find not. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, ap- 
 pendant to the Reftory; when the Col- 
 lege of Rotheram had it, it was then valu- 
 at io/. It is now in the Patronage of 
 William Pierpcint Efq; or his Heirs, and 
 valued in the King's Books at 1 1 /. In 
 the Church was anciently a Chantry, to 
 which fome Lands in Laxton did belong, 
 and now are three old low crofs-legged 
 Stone Tombs, as alfo a Monument of 
 blue Stone, for Mr. Roger Marcaunt Rec- 
 tor of this Church, who died Decemb. 17, 
 1438. and in the Windows the Arms of 
 the Everinghams, Boun Earl of Northamp- 
 ton, Grey of Codnor, Longvillers, Ros, Ha- 
 Jiings Earl of Pembroke, and Daivile, with 
 fome others not difcernible. 
 
 Markham Eafl, or Great JMarkham, was 
 Part of it Soc to Dunham, the King's 
 great Manor, in the reft were two Ma- 
 nors held, the one by Frane the Saxon, 
 the other by Vlcher before the Conqueft, 
 but after it, were both Roger de Bufll's t 
 and Turold was his Man or Tenant. 
 The Family of Crefly fuccecded that of 
 Turold, and continued here almoft to 
 the laft Century, and though the Family 
 of Markhams, who took their Name 
 from the Place, fcem at firtt to have 
 been Tenants to the Crejfys, and their 
 Heirs, yet they at length became the 
 moft confiderable Owners in it, efpeci- 
 ally when John de JMarkham was Judge, 
 for he pxirchafed all the Tenements, and 
 Lands in the Town Fields here of Adam 
 de Lyneham, and Henry Crejfy, 1 5 Rich. II. 
 In latter Times Richard Topcliffe Efq; and 
 Robert WlUlamfon Gent, had good Poflef- 
 fions here, which were the Creffey's 
 Lands, and Mr. Heivyt of Markham, both 
 which Families flounfhed here in the laft 
 Centqry. It is now a good Country 
 Town, Rich and Populous, and hath 
 fixty, or more Free-holds in it. 
 
 Here were certain Lands given to Re- 
 ligious Ufes by, i. Avlcia, the Wife of 
 Jordan de Chevercourt, who with the Con- 
 fent of her Daughters and Heirs, gave, 
 
 to
 
 NO TTING HA M S HIRE. 
 
 to the Church of St. Mary at Blithe, and 
 the Monks there, one Bovat of Land, 
 yeilding fix Shillings per Ann. which 
 William, the Son of Jeffrey de Markham, 
 held of her, for a. Refe&ion of the 
 Monks on the Day of her Anniverfary, 
 that by their Interceflion, her Soul in 
 Heaven might have Refe&ion with 
 celeftial Meat, and Drink, &>c. 2. Fuk t 
 the Son of Roger de Markham, gave 
 to the lame Alonaftery, a Toft and a 
 Croft, and fix Selions of Land in this 
 Place. 
 
 The Churches of this Place, and Weft 
 JMarkham, fecm to have been annexed 
 anciently, with fome others, to the King's 
 Chapel of Fikbill, Yorkjlrire, and at the 
 Diflolution were given, .6 Edw. VI. .to 
 Francis Earl of Shrewsbury ,b\it King Philip 
 and Queen Mary, Reg, 4. granted to the 
 Abbey and Convent of St. Peter at Weft- 
 viinfer, among other Things, the Ad- 
 vowfon, Donation, and Right of Pat;o- 
 nage, to this "Church, with which the 
 Vicarage was then joined, valued at 
 twenty Marks. The Re&ory is now 
 united to it, and it is valued in the 
 King's Books at nl. 18 s. 6 el. It is a 
 large Parifh, and the Lands are very 
 good for Corn and Pafture, infomuch, 
 that the Living in common Repute is 
 worth 300 /. per Ann, The Church is 
 pretty large, but the Church-yard is 
 proportionably larger, being worth an- 
 nually five Pounds : the late Duke of 
 Newcajtle's Heirs, or Afllgns, are Pa- 
 trons. In the Chancel are three ancient 
 Tombs, i. For Judge Markham, who 
 died on the Feaft of St. Siluefter, IDecenib. 
 3 1, 1409. 2. For Thomas Crejjy, Citizen 
 of London, without. Date. 3. For Lady 
 Melicent Mer'ing, Wife of SIT -William 
 Mering Knt. who died Sept, 17, 1419. and 
 in the Windows of the Church and 
 Chancel, are the Arms of Lungvillers, 
 JMarkhams, Lowdhaws, Creffys, 
 and Bekenpgs, 
 
 JMarkham Weft, or Little Markkam, 
 in it two Manors, one of them E 
 the Saxon's, and the other Godric's, be- 
 fore the Conqueft, both whichjooade Ro- 
 ger de B7?/'s Fee. Goisfrid was Roger's Te- 
 in the firft : aad Aaron in the otber, 
 
 which Jaft took his Name from this 
 Place, and his Poftcrity became great 
 Men ; for Sir Richard de Marram mar- 
 ried Cecilia the Sifter of Robert Lord Lex- 
 ington, and Robert de Marram had an 
 Efquire named Robert de Fowick, . ^ Edw. 
 I. He held, when he died, -a Capital 
 Mefluage here, with feven Score Acres 
 of arable Land in his Dcmefne, and 
 twenty of Meadow, and a Water-mil! , 
 paying 8 d. a Year to the Prior of l&onk- 
 Breton, and 6 d. to the Nuns of Wall-n- 
 dewelh, &c. He left only Daughters for 
 his Heirs, and among them his Eftat 
 being divided, this Manor came to the 
 Youngeft, who was married to William 
 de. Sanfta, Cruce, who left only Daughters 
 Heirs, among whom this Manor was di- 
 vided, and Came into the Families "of 
 Stanhope, Rocbford, and Sceffingtoti, buc 
 none of them were Owners here ia 
 id 1 2. 
 
 The Church here is a. Vicarage, o 
 which the Abbot of Weftmir.fter was an- 
 ciently the Patron, and then it was va- 
 lued at 87. but now it is in the King's 
 Books but 7 /. izs. i d. and the late Duke 
 of Newcajtle was Patron, and \ve fuppoJe 
 his Heirs are now fo. This Church hifcd, 
 z6 Hen, II. 'a confiderable Revenue in 
 Tuxford (whether it be ftill continfted we 
 know not) v'/z> one Thrave of Corn out 
 of each of feventy Bovats of Land, arfd 
 and all the fmall Tithes of living Crea- 
 tures fed on thofe Lands, as allb Eggs AC 
 Erf/er-Offerings, to be brought to Church 
 three Times a Year, on the Feaft of" 
 All-Saints, . the Purification of Mary.^ 
 and at JL.iJler, as alfo two Parts of the 
 Ty th-Corn. f o th^ Demefne, an-^ all the 
 Eflkrts, that ' v/ere, or fliould be, aad 
 the Chapel, of Tuxford to have the Reft. 
 IWarehoufe, an Hamlet of Laxfon, or 
 Lexinton, from thence wrirten L.txton- 
 Morehoufe. Here was. anciently a fmall 
 Chapel, and Lands belonging to a Guild 
 J!j ii is Pl.xce, This Hamlet is now the 
 Tnhc: r;;ncc of the Family of Hind?, d<J- 
 fcen^cu frombij-e uf rhst Name, Alder- 
 man of London, who left four Sons, ancV 
 two Daughters. 
 
 Ragnal, or Rage*}*!} a Berue of the 
 King's great Manor &'&*&**, \vhich, 
 '
 
 NO ff I NG HA MS HI RE. 
 
 KIrg Edward I. let out to the Inhabi- 
 tants to farm, as his Father King Henry 
 III. had granted them Pafture for their 
 Cattle in his Wood of Kingsbaugh, a 
 Manor belonging to Darleton- George 
 Duke of Clarence, Brother to King Ed- 
 v*rd IV. was by that King's Letters to 
 receive 7 /. per Ann. out of this Farm. 
 In thefe latter Ages, Rignel was the E- 
 ibte of Jehu Crofts, whofc Heir Ifabel, 
 marrying George Nsvi! of Laverton, 
 brought ;t into that Family, from which 
 it is of late peiTed to' Robert Ait lit jl) Efq; 
 \vhoie Pofterity enjoy ir. .' Yet Mr. Ger- 
 vafe Nevil was an O wner there in 1612. 
 
 Rampton, or Raweton, was divided in- 
 .to feven Manors, or Manfions, held be- 
 fore the Con quell by ieyen Thanes, 
 Tvhich were all given by the firft Norman 
 Kin$. to Rogsr de Bitfii,, and held by his 
 four Men, or Tenants.. ' Nigel fie Ramp- 
 ton one of them (as we fuppofc) became 
 the moft eminent of them, and got the 
 whole into his Pofleflion, becaufe he 
 took his Name from the Place, as was 
 ttfual in'thoie Times. Robert de Mitllevel, 
 by the Marriage of his Daughter and 
 Heir, came into his Ellate here, and his 
 Poller;ty fucceeded him for many Gene- 
 rations, viz.. from the Beginning of the 
 5lei of Henry II. to the 22 Rub. II. 
 when Iflue Male failing in Stephen JU/.i.V 
 9eJ, his Daughter and Heir, by Mar- 
 riage, carried this .Manor into the 1-ami- 
 ly of Stankepiy who held if alny.ll- a. s 
 long, but at'. length IfTue : Male Jailing 
 alfo, this Manor came to Sir GervaJeEyr, 
 partly by Inheritance from his Mother, 
 ,and partly by Purchafe' of the other 
 Co-heir. 
 
 Cerrain Lands in this Pariflt were gi- 
 ven to Religious Ufcs, by, i.'Nigelltis de 
 Hampton ami his Wife, -which Rblert 
 JMallitvel and Jiis Wife, the Daughter of 
 the faid Nigellus y confirmed to the 
 Church of St. Mary at Blitk'e, viz., the 
 iands which Robert the 1/ncU? of Nigel 
 held in Rampton, paying ^ s. yearly to 
 the faid Church on St. 'DiorypHs's Day, 
 Otfeb. 9. z. Certain Alefluagcs, and 
 Lands here (by Perfons unknown) to the 
 Alonaftcry of Torkefey in Ltncclnfoire, gi- 
 ven at the Piflblyucn to Sir Fhilip Holly t 
 
 35 Ren. VIII. 3. The Reftory makes a 
 Prebend in the Collegiate Church of 
 Southwell. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, in 
 the Patronage of the Prebendary, valu- 
 ed anciently at 8 /. but it is in the King's 
 Books valued at ro /. 
 
 Stokeham, or as Domefday Book calls it, 
 Eftoches, was Soc to Fhdburgh, and held 
 by the famous Countcfs Godeva, in the 
 Time of King Edward the Confeflbr, 
 but after the Conqueft, the Fee was veil- 
 ed in the'Bifhop of Lincoln, and Nigellus 
 was his Man, or Tenant. From him it 
 'feems to have defcended with Fbdbnrgb t 
 to the Lyfures, and Bajflets, as is there 
 faid. In the Reign of Queen Elizabeth 
 An. IT. this Alaiior was the Inheritance 
 of WtU'iani Swift, Anceftor to Sir Robert 
 Swift, and came afterwards to Sir Robert 
 'AniftYu'dder, by his Marriage with the 
 Daughter and Heir of the faid Sir Robert 
 Swift. 
 
 Swar.ftevne, or Swarnefterne, a Berue of 
 tin; great Manor of Dunham y a Royal 
 Tee, frut now almoft entirely loft, fave 
 that Tome Clofes in that Manor feem to 
 keep up the Remembrance of it, being 
 called, Swenjierr.e Clofes. 
 
 Trufwell, Trefwell, or Tirefivell, had 
 three Manors in it, one called Cledcrton 
 in Domefd.iy Book, held then by Godrlc 
 and Ulmar, Saxons, given by King Willi- 
 am I. M Alan Earl of Richmond, whofe 
 Man was Robert de Monafteriis, or Mujlers t 
 the other two Manors were Roger de Btt- 
 Jli'sy and Roger was his Man. The Fa- 
 mily of Mujliers, the Pofterify of the 
 fbrerncntioned Robert-, had their Refi- 
 dence here many Siicccffions. Several 
 of the Family were Knights, and Witti- 
 amMufers, 3 Edw. III. claimed to have 
 Emendation of the Affize of Bread, and 
 Ale, broken in this Manor of Tirefwell. 
 Sir Henry de Mujlers Knt. who was the 
 laft Male Heir of the Family, left only 
 a Daughter, for his Heir, named Eliza- 
 beth, whofe, Daughter, of the fame Name, 
 by Alexander de IMowbrey, being married 
 to Sir William Gafcoign, Chief Juftice, 
 brought this Manor into his Family, 
 who held it 'till the Reign of King 
 VIII, 
 
 This
 
 NO TflNGHJMSHIRE. 
 
 This Part of Trefivell, which belonged 
 to the Family of Mujters, was called the 
 Weji-Hold, and was the Fee of Alan Earl 
 of Richmond, as the other was of Fikhill 
 Fee, and was the Eajl-Hold, being the 
 Manor, which Roger, the Alan of Roger 
 Bujli, had, which as the reft of Bufli's 
 Land did, came to William de Lovetot, 
 Lord of Wirkfop, in the Time of King 
 Henry I. who gave his Part of the Church 
 here, to the Priory he founded there. 
 By the Female Heirs of the Lovetots, this 
 Manor was divided between the Morteyns, 
 Merburyes, and others, bnt at length 
 came to be united in Sir John Hercy, 
 who gave Wejt-hold to Llttlebury, and Eajl- 
 Hold to Bujfy, b ut P gter R* ^% purcha- 
 fed them both, and his Heir Gilbert fold 
 the whcrle to Peter Brcughton, whofe Ne- 
 phew enjoys it, or his Heirs. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, one 
 Moiety of which is in the Patronage of 
 the Chapter of York, being made over 
 by John Prior of St. Cuthbcrt's of Wirkfop, 
 who by Fine conveyed the Advowfon of 
 if, 33 Edw. I. to William the Dean and 
 Chapter of Yrk, and their Succeflbrs. 
 This Part is now valued in the King's 
 Books at 8 /. is. 5 d. but was anciently 
 valued at io/. It is called the E/r/Z-Part 
 Reftory. The other Moiety was alfo 
 valued at io /. when Air. Gafcoign was 
 Patron, but now at 9 /. i6s. and Airs. 
 Mary Saunderfon is Patronefs. It is called 
 the Weft-Part Rcftory. 
 
 Upton, was for the major Part Soc to 
 Dunham, the King's great Alanor. It 
 was held by Ralph Tilly, and Sibyl his 
 Alother, yet Pbilippa Tilly held of the 
 Countefs of Ewe, a Knight's Fee of the 
 old Feoffmcnt, and fix Bovats of Land, 
 with Aleadow belonging to it in this 
 Place. She died upon the Fcaft of St. 
 Peter ad Cathedram, 32 Hex. III. and tho* 
 fhe Icfc both Sons and Daughters, yet 
 being in Normandy, her Lands efchcated 
 to the King, who gave them to Aymo 
 Trcmberge of Tbrumpton, who thus becom- 
 ing Lord of it, left it to his four Daugh- 
 ters, of whom one was married to Bald- 
 win de Cullum, and carried this Alanor 
 to him. His Dcfccndant William de C/- 
 Itim fold it, zi Edw. I. In the Reign of 
 
 King Henry VI. this Alanor WAS Part oF 
 the Eftate of Sir Thomas de la Lauxd: 
 Knt. but he being a zealous Defender of 
 the Lancajirlan Family in the Throne, 
 when Edward Duke of York got Pofle/fioii 
 of it, he, with many others of that Side, 
 was attainted, and his Eftate being, fei- 
 zed, was given to the King's Brother 
 Richard Duke of Glcucejter, for his many 
 great Services. 
 
 There was a Cottage in this Place, 
 which belonged to the Free-Chapel in, 
 Upton before the Diflblntion of the Ab- 
 bies, but was, 18 Eliz.. granted among 
 other Things, by that Queen, to Join 
 Merfoe Efq; and Francis Greenham Gent, 
 and their Heirs, Mar. 30. Hedon is the 
 Pari Hi Church to the Inhabitants of thi 
 Hamlet. 
 
 Welley, Welhagh, Welhawe, or Welhwe, 
 in the great Survey of King William I. 
 was a Beruc, involved in Cr<^lx, tho* 
 it hath ufually gone with Grimjto::. This 
 Townfliip was the Eftate of the Foliots* 
 foon after the Conqueft, and Jordan Jv- 
 liot had a Market and Fair in it, on St. 
 Switbin's Day, July 15. They held it 
 for fome Time, and then it came to the 
 Haft'ings, who pa fled it to Sir Rc'.-crt Clifton. 
 
 Wiihughby, Wyhiffhby, or Wilgeli, had 
 a Alanor m it before the Conqueii, be- 
 longing to Tochi Lord of Lexi>:gtoK, b'.:t 
 afterwards it became the Fe?. ot Gol-sfrid 
 ds Alfelin, from whole Poftcrity it cam<j 
 to Jeffrey de Fremont, Matilda Cauz,, Hit^h 
 Fitz-Ralph, and others. Tha Cfarkfas 
 have the Demcfne here. 
 
 Here were fome Lands given to Reli- 
 gious Ufes by, I. Hugh Fit^-Ra'.'^b, who 
 for the Safety of his own, Wife's, and 
 Son Hugh's Souls, gave to God, St. Mary, 
 the Church, and Alonks of Rufford, his 
 whole Fee in this Place, and lome o- 
 thcrs, with all the Privileges thereunto 
 belonging, as well in Men, as Horaces, 
 &c. z. Adam de Everlngham Knighr, 
 who relcaicd all foreign, and other Ser- 
 vices to the faid Alonks, for the Lands 
 which they held of his Fee in this 
 Place. 3. Osbert Sylvan, who paid four 
 Shillings a Year to the Abbot ot Ruff.rd, 
 for a MeiTuage, and two Bovats, which 
 he held of the Abbot, and Convent here. 
 S Thcfc
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Thefe Lands at the Diflblution, were 
 granted with Abbey of Rtffird to the 
 Earl of Shrewsbury. 
 
 Wimenton, or Wymenton, a Berue Soc 
 to the King's great Manor of Dunham, 
 and in the" Reign of King Henry VIII. 
 the Eftate of John Dunham Efq; who 
 about the Beginning of that Reign, fuf- 
 fered a Recovery of his Lands here. It 
 is now. totally loft, fave that the Re- 
 membrance of it is kept up by feme 
 Clofes, called Wympton Clofes. 
 
 II. Tie Divifion of N o R T H-C L AY. 
 
 This Divifion lyes in the moft northern 
 Part of the County, and is bounded on 
 the, Eaft with the River Trent, which 
 parts it from Linrphjbire ; on the 
 North with a fmall Rivuier, called Hok- 
 dyke, which divides it from Yorkpire, 
 which is the Boundary of it on the VVelt 
 Side as far as Bautrey, where the River 
 Idle feparates it from Hatjield Divifion ; 
 and on the South by South-Clay. The 
 only Market Town in this Divifion is, 
 
 Retford, Redford, or Redford Eajl, an 
 ancient Borough, and fendeth two Bur- 
 geffes to fcrve in Parliament, the Mar- 
 ket is weekly on Saturday, and is famous 
 for Hops, (there being large Plantations 
 of that Commodity round the Town, and 
 in the Neighbourhood,) and Barley for 
 Malt, in which its Trade is not fo con- 
 (idcrable as formerly, becaufe Workfop 
 hath gotten away much of it ; and the 
 Fair on the Eve, and Day, and Morrow 
 of the Holy Trinity, and five Days after, 
 but this hair is long fince difcontinued, 
 iind now the Fairs begin on A4<ircb la. 
 St. Gregory's Day, and Sept. 21. St. Mat- 
 tbew's Day, both of them of Note in 
 rhcfe Parts, for moft Sort of Commodi- 
 ties. We find nothing confidcrable of it 
 in Domefday Book faving that here was 
 then a Mill belonging to Sutton, of the 
 Fee .of the Archbifhop of York- The 
 King is the Lord of it, and a$ the De- 
 mcfneof the Crown, many of our King's 
 have conferred upon it many valuable 
 Privileges, for I. KingEdward I. granted 
 the Town inhec farm to the Burgeflcs of 
 the fame, paying ten Pounds per Ann. 
 
 and giving them Power to chute Bailiffs 
 for the good Government of the fame, 
 2. King Henry III. granted them the Fair 
 abovcmcntioned for eight Days ; and 
 Ed<ward.Jil\. exempted them from all 
 Tolls, and foreign Services, and gave 
 them a Charter of Confirmation of their 
 Liberties, by which it was granted, that 
 the Inhabitants of the faid Town, viz. 
 the Burgefles and his Heirs, Refident in 
 the faid Borough, fhall not be put to 
 Affixes, Juries, or any Recognizances 
 with Foreigners, by Occafion of their 
 foreign Lands and Tenements. King 
 Henry VI. gave them a Court of Record 
 to hold Plea of Aftion without a'ny Li- 
 mitation of the Sum, and to ufe the Of- 
 fice of Efchcator, and Clerk of the 
 Market. All which Privileges have 
 been, from Time to Time, confirmed 
 by the feveral Kings and Queens of this 
 Nation, for King James I. Reg. 5. did 
 not only confirm all former Grants made 
 by his Predeceflbrs, but alfo incorpora- 
 ted it a-new, by the Name of Bailiffs, 
 and Burgefles, and appointed the fame 
 to be governed by two Bailiffs, and like- 
 wife twelve Aldermen, to make a Com- 
 mon Council for the Town. They have 
 alfo a Common Seal, with Power to alter 
 it at their Pleafurc. And that the faid 
 two Bailitrs for the Time being, and the 
 learned Steward, fhall be Juftices of the 
 Peace, and of the Quorum, within the 
 faid Borough; feveral Noblemen ~of the 
 firll Rank have been High Stewards of 
 this Town, as the Earls of Shrewsbury, 
 and Newcastle, and Men of great Learn- 
 ing, their learned Steward. They have 
 alfo two Chamberlains, a Town-Clerk, 
 and two Serjeants at Mace. Our late 
 Account from an unknown Hand, of the 
 Conftitution of this Corporation, is, that 
 the Bailiffs are diftinguifhed into the Se- 
 nior, and Junior. That are both elcfted 
 annually upon the firft of Aitgnft, and 
 enter upon their Office on Michaelmas 
 Day, Sept. 29. following, the Senior 
 Bailiff being chofcn out of the Alder- 
 men, and the Junior cut of the Fee-men, 
 that have been Chamberlains. The Men 
 of Retford alfo, by the Confcnt of the 
 Burgefles of Nottingham, ought to take 
 a ThurtoJ,
 
 -N 7' fl N G HA M S H I R E. 
 
 Thurtol, }.'. Paflage-Toli through thcfe 
 Bounds, viz* at the End of the Town of 
 Velbagh, "at Mmll Bridge, at Wyjlon, and 
 other Places, where the Burgefles of 
 Nottir.gham were wont to take it. 
 
 Here were alfo fome Lands, and other 
 Things given to Religious Ufcs, viz- 
 Philip de Houl'ecotes gave the Moiety of 
 the Mills of Retford, to the Abbey of 
 Welbeck, and the Monks there, for the 
 Suftentation of two Chaplains in the 
 faid Church, and one in his Church at 
 Stirape, to celebrate divine Service for 
 ever, for the Soul of him the faid Philip, 
 &*c. and his Sifter Alice confirmed his 
 Gift. King Henry III. alfo gave to the 
 fame Abbey, the Mills of RatfcrA, to be 
 holden of him for io/. per Ann- faring 
 to Ralph Teffun 40 /.. if recovered, as it 
 feems it was ; and Htthtrt de Bargb, Juftice 
 of England, for the Love of God, and 
 Safety of his own, and Wife's Soul, 
 gave the faid 405. yearly to the faid 
 Abbey of St. James at Welbeck. -Richard 
 tte Rstucfiff a\fo, Parfon of Clout?, and two 
 other Parfons gave to the Prior and 
 Convent of Wjrkfop, and their Succeflors, 
 five Mefltrages, and the Moiety of three 
 MciTuages, with the Appurtenances 
 in this Town, for ever, to pray for 
 the good Eftate of Perfons while 
 they lived, and when they fhonld be 
 dead, in the Church of the Priory. 
 Further, at the Diflolution, the Abbey 
 of Rffcrd had a Grange here, the Ab- 
 bey of Walbeck Lands, then rented at 
 ; J. 1 7 s. 4d. the Priory of Radford by 
 Wirkfop, 7 j. 6 d. Rents of AfTi7.e, and 
 5 /. 1 1 j. Lands, and the Priory of Mat- 
 terfay's Lands were worth I 3 s . 4 d. Here 
 i> a r-ree : Grarnmar-5chodl, and a good 
 Town-hall, in which the Seflions, both 
 for the Town and County, are holden ; 
 and under it is an excellent Shambles, 
 the heft in the County. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, or- 
 dained in 1158. by feveral Archbi/hops 
 of fork, who allotted for the Vicar's 
 Maintenance, an hundred Shillings of 
 rhe Altarage, and the fmall Tithes of 
 Pics,' Geefc, Chickens, and the Bread 
 and Wine, Ale, or Beer, which fhould 
 happen to be brought to the Altar; but 
 
 139 
 
 the Tithes of the Mills \verc to be given 
 to the Poor. The Re&ory was fettled 
 upon the Sacrift of the Cathedral at JVt, 
 who was Patron of the Vicarage 'till the 
 Diflblution, and then it was valued at 
 5 /. Now it is in the King's Books 5/. 5 f * 
 and the Earl of De-v vjbire was the P; - 
 iron ; but now the Bailiffs and Aide - 
 men here have the Advowfon of this 
 Church, and alfo that of WeJl-Retford, 
 as we (hall ihew prcfently. 
 The Building of the Church is very 
 handfome, and commodious, and at the 
 Eatt End over the Altar, is a neat 
 Draught of the Hiltory of Chrift's laft 
 Supper with his Difciples, lately fct up 
 at the Charge of a Gentleman of the 
 Town. The Archbifhop of York, in 
 whofe Diocefe it is, or the Archdeacon 
 of Nottingham in his Stead, vilit in 
 this Church every Year. In the 
 Church are fome ancient Monuments, 
 I. For John Smith Mercer, who died 
 jV/rty 16, 7496. z. For John Botvly, who 
 died April, 1455. 5. For John the Vicar, 
 who died Decemb. 18, 1502. 4 For John 
 Detiman Efq; who died N-.'-i:. 16, T5 1 ?- 
 and -in the Windows the Arms cf France 
 and England, the Hercyes quartering 
 Leek<, and the Nevils. 
 
 This Place bears the Name of .*/? Ret- 
 ford, becaufc it ftands on the eaft Side of 
 the River Idle, and is joined by a Stone 
 Bridge to another Town on the other 
 Side of the Idle, which is called for Di- 
 ftinftion by the Name of 
 
 Weft Reiford, which though it may 
 feem to be but a Part of the fame Town, 
 is another Parifh, but hath nothing very 
 remarkable in if, but it.s fine Hofpital, of 
 which the unknown Gentleman above- 
 mentioned, to whom we own our felvcs 
 endebtcd very much, for encouraging 
 this Work, gives this particular Defcrip- 
 tion, a worthy Pattern of Imitation. 
 
 This Hofpital was founded in this 
 Place, by Join Dorrel Dr. of Phyfick, 
 An. "Don;. 1666. and being dedicated tp 
 the Ever-blefTed Trinity, was foon afier 
 incorporated by the Tnrftces, who ob- 
 tained a Charter and Seal, to authorize 
 their Attings as fuch, wrth this Circunv- 
 foription n it, 
 S 2 Sigillitm
 
 34 
 
 NO TflNGHJMJSHIRE. 
 
 Hcfpit. St. & Indlvidua Trinita- 
 tis Retford Occident. 
 
 It is governed by a Mafter (who is to 
 be the Sub- Dean of Lincoln fucceflively) 
 and ten Brethren, who have a' Power to 
 let Leafes for twenty one Years by their 
 Charter, being Inhabitants in the faid 
 Hofpital. The Maftcr's Stipend is 1 5 /. 
 per Ann. and the ten Brethrens, who 
 have each an Habitation, io/. per Ann. 
 befides ten Shillings for a Load of Coals 
 every Year, fix Yards of Cloth for a 
 Gown, every other Year, worth 30 s. 
 each. There are alfo other Allowances 
 for under Officers, as twenty Nobles to 
 a Steward, and fifty Shillings to a Nurfe 
 yearly. To one that reads Prayers 
 (who is ufually one of the Fraternity, 
 Hfteen Shillings a Quarter. The Eftafe 
 icttled on the Hofpital by the Founder, 
 is to repair all Decays in the Buildings, 
 but the Windows, which the Brethren 
 the Inhabiters are to keep in repair, 
 every one in his own Apartment, at his 
 own Charge, The Brethren by the Sta- 
 tutes of the Hofpital, are obliged to re- 
 ceive the Sacrament, according to the 
 Manner of the Church of England, thrice 
 and attend the Prayers, 
 
 a Year, and attend the Prayers, at 
 
 Church or at Home conftantly, except frid was Roger's Alan, or Tenant- 
 
 when they are abfent from the Houfe, mily, which took their Name fro 
 
 - ^ ' ti_ kl . , . , - Ttt 1 1*1* 
 
 are 
 
 which each of them is allowed to be 
 two Weeks in every Quarter, but if 
 they exceed thai Time, their pay is 
 withdrawn. 
 
 There is a Garden, and an Orchard 
 adjoining to it, divided into ten Shares, 
 according to the Number of the Inhabi- 
 tcrs. There is alfo an Allowance order- 
 ed to be given, for the Maintenance of 
 a Scholar in Exeter College in Ox/<W, in 
 Uich the Founder was a Student, of 
 about io /. per Ann. but 'tis only to be 
 paid, when the Scholar is Refi-dent 
 iherc. 
 
 1 As to the Statutes, and Orders of the 
 faid Hofpital, it would be too tedious to 
 relate them particularly, becaufe they 
 very fully and diftin&ly provide all ne- 
 ceflary Rules of Government for fuch a 
 Body, and fo confequently mult be 
 many. 
 
 Bolides the fdrementioned Apartmenrs 
 for the Brethren, there is in this Ho- 
 fpital a Chapel, where the Prayers arc 
 appointed to be read, as above, with a 
 good Clock in it ; and the Founder's- 
 Coat of Arms, very well drawn, fet o- 
 ver the Door, as alfo fome other Rooms 
 to be ufed upon publick Occafions, as 
 on Trinity Sunday, when there is a Feaft 
 for the Minifter, Steward, &*c. the 
 Charge of which is allowed out of their 
 Stock. There is alfo a Cheft, in which 
 are kept the Charter, Seal r and Leafes 
 of the Eftates, and for that End it hath 
 two Locks, of which one is to be always 
 in the Cuftody of the Governor, and the 
 other of the Brethren, and both entruft- 
 ed to the Hands of the Senior Bailiff of 
 Eajt Retford. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, but of 
 late bought in by the Corporation of 
 Eaji Retford, and united to their Vica- 
 rage, that both together might make a 
 good Maintenance for a Minifter,. their 
 Vicarage before being very inconfider- 
 able. The Villages of this Diyifion 
 are, 
 
 Befkingham, which was a Berue of Land, 
 the Archbiihop of York's Fee, but R ger de 
 Bttfli had alfo a Manor here, which was 
 Osbern the Sayon's before him. One Gois- 
 
 AFa- 
 m this- 
 
 Place, being called De Bekingbam, had 
 foon after the Conqueft their Reiidencq 
 here, but the Manor- was the King's, 
 and Chapter of Southwell's. They lived 
 feveral Generations here, and had large 
 Pofleflions in it, which ibme of them 
 wifely employed. 
 
 Several Parcels of this Manor were 
 given to pious Ufes, by John de Becking- 
 hattt) who 1 8 Rich. II. had a Grant from 
 that Prince, to give two MefTuages, two 
 Tofts, fifty Acres of Land, ten of Mea- 
 dow, fix of Wood, and 6s. \d. Rent, 
 with the Appurtenances in Bekixgbam, to 
 fluj Chaplain of the Chantry of St. Mary 
 in that Parim-Church : as alfo four 
 Mcfluages, twelve Tofts, one Windmill, 
 two hundred and fixty Acres of Land, 
 fifty of Meadow, and 24 /. Rent, all'in, 
 to the Priorefs of Brvdbolme :
 
 NO T TING 
 
 as allb one MeflTuage, twenty four Acre* 
 of Land, and live of Meadow, all in 
 this Parifh, to the Vicar of this Church 
 and his Succcflbrs, all held of the Arch- 
 bifhop of York in Socagc. 
 
 At the DifTolution of the Monafteries, 
 the Lands abovementioned were thus di- 
 Ipofcd of by the Crown, to which they 
 fell, viz- two of the Tenements, and 
 Lands belonging to the Priory of Brod- 
 bolm, were granted, 34 Hen. VIII. to Sir 
 John Williams, and Sir Edward North Kts. 
 and to the Heirs of Sir Edward, who 
 had at the fame Time a Licence to ali- 
 enate them ; the other two were granted, 
 36 Hen. VIII. to John Beer, and Henry 
 Laurence, and the Heirs of John in the 
 lame Patent. The Chantry of this 
 Church was granted, 6 Edw. VI. to Tho- 
 mas Reeve, and George Cotton, who at the 
 fame Time had a Licence to alienate 
 the whole to Robert Harrifon, and his 
 Heirs. 
 
 The Church of Bekinghatn, together 
 \vith the Glebe-lands, anciently did, and 
 do ftill belong to, and make a Prebend 
 in the Collegiate Church of Southwell, 
 notwithftitnding that 4 &> 5 Phil. & May. 
 Hugh Thornhill had a Licence to alienate 
 the Capital Mefluage, and all the Lands, 
 and Tithes lately belonging to that 
 Church, to George Nevil, and others, for 
 the Ufe of the faid Hugh and Elizabeth 
 his Wife, and their Heirs upon the Body 
 of the faid Elizabeth begotten. The Vi- 
 carage hath been all along in the Patro- 
 nage of the Prebendary of Bekingham, 
 and was anciently valued at ten Marks, 
 and now is in the King's Books 6 /. 5 /. f d. 
 The Vicar attends the Vifitation at 
 Southwell* 
 
 William Howell, Dr. of Civil Law in 
 the Univerfity of Cambridge, was born in 
 this Town. He was educated in Mag- 
 dalen College, ard became Fellow of it, 
 He was afterwards Tutor to John Earl 
 of Mulgrave, who was afterwards made 
 Duke of Buckinghamflrire and "Normanby, 
 and at length Chancellor of the Diocefc 
 of "Lincoln. He hath written An Injlitu- 
 tion of general Hiftory, from the "Begtnnir.fr of 
 tft World, to the Monarchy of Conftantine 
 Ibe Great t which he afterwards turned in- 
 
 B AM SHIRE. 141 
 
 to Latin, for the Ufe of the faid Earl. 
 He hath alfo written, a Book he calls 
 Medulla Hiftori* Anglican*, containing the 
 Hiltory of our King's, from Julius. Cxf-.r 
 to the Death of King Charles II. but his 
 Name is not to it. The Contmuancc of 
 it from 1678. to 1684. is not his, for the 
 Author feems to be a Favourer of the 
 Roman Church. He died in 1685. 
 
 Bole, or Boole was, when the general 
 Survey was taken, Part of the Archbi- 
 fhop of York's Fee, and Part of Roger de 
 Bujli's. . Winer the Saxon had a Manor 
 here before the Conqueft, but now both 
 the Manor and Re&ory of this Place, 
 make a Prebend in the Cathedral Church 
 of York, valued heretofore at twenty 
 Marks. William Rothewell of this Place, 
 had Leave given him by King Richard 
 II. to give and affign to the Vicar of Bole 
 and his Succeflbrs, eight Acres of Land, 
 fix of Pafture, with the Appurtenances 
 to help to fullain them, which Lands 
 were held of the Prebend of Bole, &c. 
 
 The Vicarage of Bole is, as it long 
 hath been, in the Patronage of the Pre- 
 bendary of that Name, and was valued 
 anciently at five Marks, but is now in 
 the King's Books 47. 1 5 /. 4 d. 
 
 Bollome, or Bolum, one of the Berues 
 of the Archbifhop of Tork's great Manor 
 of Lanum. Turvert the Saxon had a Ma- 
 nor here before the Conqueft, which be- 
 came Roger de Bttfli's after, Jeffrey was 
 Roger's Man, and the Lovetots were his 
 SuccefTors in it. They were a devout 
 Family according to thofe Times, for 
 William de Lcvetot was the Founder of 
 the Abbey of St. Cuthbert at Wirkfop, and 
 Emme his Widow, with the Conlenf of 
 her Son Richard de Lovetot, gave the Mill 
 of this Place to that Monaftery, to bujr 
 Wine for the Ufe of the Mafs, together 
 with an Effort of Afaley to buy Wafers. 
 which Gifrs William the Son of R chard 
 confirmed, and Matilda his only Daugh- 
 ter ana Heir added all Bolttm in Land?, 
 Meadow,, and the Millj as Rids.rd & 
 Lovetot her Grandfather had done before. 
 Ernald "Flamang of Clxverburgb , or C/.rr- 
 borough, gave the Church of St. C^thefff 
 at Radford, a certain Part of Land in th~ 
 Field of Boltun, The River IdU at rhi.s 
 
 Pkco
 
 |i 
 
 Place runs under a Rock, and fo on 
 Northward, after feveral Windings to 
 Bazvtree. 
 
 At the DifToluticn, King Henry VIIL 
 by his Letters Patents dated 0#o/;. 28. 
 3 Hen. VIII. granted to .Ro&e** .and Wil- 
 liam Smith and their Heirs, this Manor 
 ofBoIum, and two Mills in the laid Ham- 
 let, and many other Lands and. Tene- 
 ments, late belonging to the Priory of 
 
 'TING HJM SHI RE. 
 
 Abbies by King Henry VIIL R?g. $6. to 
 William Nevitt Gent, and his Heirs, who 
 have enjoyed them ever fince ; for both 
 the Manor and Rectory were late the 
 Inheritance and PoiTeflion, or at the 
 Otfpofuion of 'Edwxrd Ne-'jlU of 'Grove, 
 Efq; Father of Sir Edward Nevlll^ whofe 
 Poftcrity we fuppoie, continue the Own- 
 ers of them ; for Gilbert Nevtl had an., 
 Eftate here in the laft Century ; but 
 
 irkfopj and from them it was long fines we are infonr.ei, that Mr. Levixz is Pa- 
 conveyed to Francis- Wortefy EFq; and rron of the Livjng at this Time. 
 
 Mary his Wife, and the Heirs of jtf.zry, 
 
 whofe Inheritance it is, or lately was;, 
 
 but the Tythes of the Mills of Balum 
 
 were made Part of the Revenues of the 
 
 Vicarage of Clarborougb, by Seviall Arch- 
 
 biihop of Tork,, in 1258. and another 
 
 Archbimop gave the Church here with 
 
 Clar'otirgb, 'or Cla i uerburc'h t 
 was Part of it belonging to . the King's 
 great Manor of Mansfield, another Part 
 was. of the Archbifhop of York's Fee, 
 holding of his Manor of Sudton, and be- 
 (ides thefe Parts, there were two Ma- 
 of which Roger de Bujli had one, 
 
 nors, 
 
 under Roger, and "Ulclitl held half a Bovat 
 under the fume Roger; the other was Taynes 
 Land, which Ulmer held before the Con- 
 
 the Appurtenances, then worth tea which before the Conqueft was Reginald 
 Marks, and belonging to a Prebend of the Saxon's, and eftcr Futco was Tenant 
 fork, to William de Lanum in the Abfence 
 of the Prebendary. 
 
 Burton Weft, an Hamlet of the Arch- 
 
 bifhop of Tout's Manor at Lanutn ; but qucft, and after was continued to him by 
 befides that^ there was a Manor held be- King William. 
 fore the CQB.qt.ieft by Sperawr, the Saxon, 
 which after became Roger de Bajli's Fee, 
 Goisfrid was 'Roger's Man. The moft an- 
 cient Lord of this Place, after the Re- 
 cord of Doniffday Book, was Jeffrey de 
 Mawjuinci, who gave to the Canons of 
 Radford near Wirkfcp, this Church of St. 
 Hellen of Burton, which Jfffrey de Pavli 
 his Nephew confirmed, as a Ho drd Rich" 
 
 Some Parcels cf this Parifh were gi- 
 ven to pious Ufcs in ti;C Times of Po- 
 pery, viz, Ernald Flamang, or Fleming, 
 in Latin Flandrerjis, by the Con fen t of 
 his Heir Roger, gave to the Church of 
 St. Cuthbert at R.tdford, the fourth Part 
 of the Church of this Place, and John 
 Flamang his Grand Ion ratified that Gift. 
 Adam alfo. the Son of the aforcfaid 
 
 ant de Ruttingion, and farther remitted Join, added much to the faid Gift, for 
 all his. Right and Title to other Lands he granted to ti.e Canons of Wirtybp, all 
 and Tenements, which the faid Jeffrey the Land they held of his Fee within the 
 his Anceilor had given thole Territory of this Manor. Adam alfo, 
 Richard de Ruttington, Son and the Chaplain of Radford, gave to the 
 
 Monaitery of -Blithe, the. Lands which 
 he helcl of John Fleming the Elder here. 
 
 .The Church of this Place, belonged 
 anciently to the Chapel of St. Mary, and 
 All-Angels, called Sepulchres, near Tork- 
 Mlnjlcr; and feveral Archbifliops of York 
 appointing a Vicarage, ordained that 
 
 Monks. 
 
 Heir of William de Rntti,gton, gave and 
 contirmcd other Lards in this Place, to 
 the faid Monaftery of Wirkfap, It is a 
 rich Town, moft of it the Ettatc of Mr. 
 Levinz an eminent Member of Parlia- 
 ment. 'Tis about three Miles bjilVater 
 to Gainsborough in L/incolnjlrire. 
 
 The RciStory of this Parifli, which 
 "belonged to the Priory of Wirkfcp^ as is 
 above ffoewn, was with all the Mcfiuages, 
 Mills, Houfcs, Edifices, and Lands, 
 Meadows, and Tenements to it belong- 
 ing, granted at the Suppreflion of the 
 
 the Vicar of Cl.'irhurgh mould have the 
 Altarage, with a Toft, and Crofr, lying 
 next the Church-yard, and the Tithes 
 of the inclofed Crofts of die Town, and 
 the Tithe of the Mills of Bolum, as is 
 before objcrved. The Vicarage thus 
 
 con-
 
 A r f T I yV G 
 
 conftituted was in the Patronage of the 
 Sacrift of St. Mary's at York, and then 
 was valued at 8 /. The Earl of Devon is 
 now Patron, and it is in the King's 
 Books, 9 /. 15*. 5 d. The Living of this 
 Place has been of late united with Hay- 
 ton, and make together about 70 /. a 
 Year. The Parities join together, the 
 Road from Retfrrd to Gainsborough going 
 between them. 
 
 Gltwortb, or Clavord, a Village depend- 
 ing upon the King's great Manor of 
 Mansfeled, but hath in it a Manor, 
 which before the Conquelt, Grumchild the 
 Saxon held, but was after Roger de Bujti's 
 Fee, and Fnlco was Roger's Man. In King 
 Edward II's Reign, Rcbert de Hardejl)nM, 
 or Hardredcsfield^ was Lord of this Ma- 
 nor. Mr. Dugdale fays, He took his 
 Name from a Place called Hartshill in 
 Waru-id-Jljire, where his Family had their 
 chief and ufual Refidencc. Hi* Pofte- 
 rity were Lords of it fome Succefllons, 
 but at length the Family being extinft, 
 it fell into divers Hands, viz. John de 
 Sandates, who pafled it to John de Heydon, 
 o Edw. IT. Thomas de Bernardejlotis, who 
 had Free-warren here, 2 Edw. III. Tho- 
 mas Wawyns, alias Leches Efq; whofe Son 
 Charles enjoyed it a while. John Truthales 
 Efq; who maintaining the Lancastrian In- 
 terclt againft Edward Duke or Ycrk in 
 their Concert for the Crown, was attain- 
 ted 1 1 Edw. IV. and his Eftate being 
 confifcated, this Manor among others 
 was given to Richard Duke of Glcucejler, 
 for his many good Services, the York Fa- 
 mily being then by Parliament fettled 
 on the Throne ; and Sir Griffin Markham, 
 upon whofe Attainder, 2 Jac. I. this 
 Manor was given to Sir John Harrington, 
 whofe Heirs have fold it. 
 
 The Prior of Matterfey had a Grange, 
 and good Lands here, Part of which was 
 granted by King Hemy VIII. Reg-. 31. to 
 'Sir' Anthony Nevil with the Sire of the 
 'Monaftery, and he had a Licence to ali- 
 enate it, 3 8c 4 Phil & Mar. the other 
 Part hath long fincc been fold. Nicholas 
 Danleny alfo had a Licence, 1 1 Rich. II. 
 to give one Meflu&ge, one hundred 
 twenty Acres of Land, and the Appilr- 
 tcniinccs in Cls-worth to a Chaplain of- a. 
 
 M SB IKE. 
 
 '43 
 
 Chantry to be founded in this Church, 
 .which we do nor doubt but was done. 
 
 This Church is a Re&ory (near worth 
 200 /. a Year) and hath from 51 Hen.'ljt. 
 been in the Patronage of the^Dcan of 
 Lincoln, who then recovered it againft 
 Robert dt Hardefoull that put in a Claim 
 to it. It continueth ftill in the Patron- 
 age of the Dean for the Time being, and 
 was anciently valued at 24 /. but is now 
 in the King's Books 26 /. 10 s. 10 d. 
 
 Cotes, Cotham, orCctutne, the Manor of 
 one Hardulph the Saxon before the Con- 
 queft, but Roger de Bit/It's Fee after, and 
 Fulco was Roger's Tenant. In after Ages, 
 William de Ingham, Robert de Sutttni (who 
 was of the Lexington Family) and Robert 
 de Aiarlieham had the Manor here fuc- 
 ceflively ; and from the laft of thefe it 
 pafled to the Family of Everingham, by 
 Agnes his Wife, and is come at length to 
 \\\c Slanhops. This Hamlet is Soc of Of- 
 ivardbecy and in the Parifh of South Le- 
 verton. 
 
 Some Parts of this Hamlet were given 
 to Religious Ufes, viz; 'Herbert Son of 
 Adelard and Agnes his Wife, who held the 
 Land of Ingbam's Fee abovemcntioned, 
 gave it to the Abbey of PVclbeck, and the 
 Priory of St. Mary of Forkefey, had fome 
 Parcels of Land here, but the Benefac- 
 tor is not known. 
 
 Here was a Free-chapel dedicated to 
 the Holy Trinity. 
 
 Everton was Part of it an Hamlet to 
 the Archbifhop of York's Manor of Sud- 
 ton, and Part of it was the Fee of Ro?er 
 de Bufli. In after Times, Thomas *<fe 
 Marefey had a Capital Me flu age and De- 
 mefne here, and Richard Townley a Ma- 
 nor. The principal Houfe, and Lands 
 in Everton at prefent belong to the Cpr- 
 poration of Newark, who have demi'icd 
 them to one Mr. Rogers their Tenant. 
 
 There was anciently a Mefliiage, cer- 
 tain Houfes and Lands belonging ro the 
 Priory of Mxttefey in this Pari/h, which 
 after the Diflblution were granted to 
 William Riegs, and William Buckbert Gent. 
 4 & 5 Phil& Mar. I. 
 
 The Church here, which belonged to 
 the Archbiflroprick of Yvrk, was given by 
 Roger y Arehbifliop thereof, who lived in 
 
 the
 
 NO ?'? ING HAM S HIRE. 
 
 144 
 
 he Reign of King Henry II. to the 
 Chapel he had;founded in York Minfter, 
 and his Succeflbr Sewall ordained that 
 the Vicar Ihould have the Altarage, 
 Tithe-hay, &>c. and that the Sacrilt who 
 was the Patron of the Vicarage, mould 
 find the Vicar a Dwelling, or allow him 
 half a Mark yearly for an Houfe, and 
 give three Marks per Ann. to the Poor. 
 While the Sacrilt continued Patron of 
 the Vicarage, it was valued at ten Marks, 
 but is now in the King's Books 7 /. ^ s. 
 3 d. i. and the Duke of Devovfiire is Pa- 
 tron, who is alfb the Impropriator. 
 
 Fenton, or Fentune, had in it three Ma- 
 nors, of which before the Conqueft the 
 .Saxons Wfacy Lewric, and Grim, were 
 Lords, but Roger de Eujli obtained them 
 all after it, under whom Thomas de Nor- 
 majwile held this Manor, 'Tis a rich 
 little Place, and has an handibme Seat 
 of Mr. Thornhagtis, formerly a worthy 
 Member of Parliament in it. We meet 
 ivirh nothing, that makes this Place fo 
 remarkable, as the Family of Fenton, 
 fuppofcd to take their Name from it, of 
 which there was ancientljr a Gentleman, 
 who in the laft Century had Houfe and 
 Lands here, whofe Pedigree, Dr. Thoro- 
 ton tells us from his own Knowledge, was 
 derived from Sir Richard Fenton of this 
 Place, who lived in about King Henry 
 VIII's Days, but the Family muft be 
 much older, if we will believe the Name 
 taken from hence, as their long Reft- 
 dencc in this Place is a probable Argu- 
 ment it was. The famous Men of this 
 Family arc, 
 
 Sir Jeffrey Fenton Knight, who was 
 twenty feven Years a Privy Counfellor 
 in Ireland, in the Reigns of Queen Eliza- 
 beth, and .King J 'antes I. He tranflated 
 ,the Hiftory of Francis Guircardine into 
 -EngliJI), and dedicated it to Queen Eliza- 
 beth. He married the Daughter of Dr. 
 Robert Wejlon, fome Time Chancellor of 
 Ireland ; and dying at Dublin, was buried 
 in Sr. Patrick's Church there, under the 
 fame Tomb with his Father in Law, Octo- 
 ber i<5oS. His Brother 
 
 Edward Fenton who was born in this 
 County, and probably in this Place, 
 was a famous Sea Officer and Adventurer, 
 and having a Genius that way fuperior 
 to many, difdained to go in trodden 
 Paths, and was ambitious to difcover 
 unknown Paflages. His Atchievements 
 of that Nature are related at large in 
 Mr. Hackluit's Voyages, and with his o- 
 ther Exploits, put into his Epitaph on 
 his Monument at Deptford Church in 
 Kent, where he lies buried, in Words to 
 this Etfcft. That b<> was Eff/uire of the 
 Body of Oueen Elizabeth ; That when Jean 
 , O-Neal, and after him the Earl of Def- 
 mond, had a Rebellion in Ireland, he was 
 the valiant General which was fcnt againft 
 them ', That after he had in a mojl daring 
 Attempt -viewed the unknown Seas in the 
 northern Parts, and in divers Voyages fearched 
 into the dark Re:ejfes of Nature ', he was at 
 length employed in the famous Sea Fight 
 agalnjl the Spaniih Armada in \ 588. where 
 he was the Pilot of the Admiral's Ship. 
 
 He died in the Year of our Lord 1603. 
 Some few Days after .Queen Elizabeth. 
 
 This Monument was erefted over his 
 Body at the Charge of the Right Honor- 
 able Roger Earl of Cork, who married 
 Katharine Fent.n his Neice, the Daughter 
 of Sir Jeffrey Fenton his Brother above- 
 mentioned. In later Times the greateft 
 Part of this Hamlet was the Inheritance 
 of Sir Francis Thcrnhaugh, dcfccnded to 
 him from his Anceftors,, whofe Seat was 
 h^rc, and is now poflefled by John Thorn- 
 kattpb his Grandchild, or his Heirs. 
 
 This laft J-ohn was a valiant Man, and * 
 CoUngl of Horfe for the Parliament, in 
 whole Service he loll his Life by a Scotch 
 Lance, at the Battle of Prejion in Latt- 
 cfifiire, between Duke Hamilton and his 
 Party. His Widow having attained her 
 Husband's Arrears, married after to 
 William Skeffington Efq, 
 
 Grimly Little, or Greevlese, an Hamlet 
 jn Part belonging to the King's Manor 
 of Dunham, and Part to the Archbifhop 
 
 of
 
 NO 
 
 1 N<G HAM S HIRE. 
 
 of -York's Fee of Sudton, but is in the 
 PariiTi of Clartburgb. The Norris's have 
 had large Pofleflions for many Ages in 
 this Place, but now their Lands are be- 
 come the Inheritance of Robert Waring of 
 jYitford Gent. 
 
 Gringely, ot Greenelege, called in our 
 Maps Grimly on the Hill, was Part of the 
 King's Land, belonging to his Manor of 
 Mansfield, Seven Taynes had alfo each of 
 them a Manor here, all which the JV>- 
 man Invader gave to Roger de Bujli, whofe 
 Tenant, or Man to manage it under 
 him was Roger. William de Lovetot fuc- 
 ceeded this Roger in this, as he did in 
 many other Eftates, and having founded 
 a Priory at Wirkfop, gave to it the 
 Church of this Place , His Son Richard 
 confirmed his Gift, and added moreover 
 two Mefluages to make proper Houfes 
 for the Canons, and Land fufficient fox 
 an Orchard, all which Adatildis his Heir 
 confirmed, and gave to the fa id Priory 
 more, a Wind mill, and the Suit of the 
 whole Town ; but the Manor fhe fettled 
 on Sir William de FurnivaJ her younger 
 Son, who procured a Grant of a Market, 
 and Fair to be kept here, 37 Hen. III. 
 Sir William had no Heirs, and fo upon 
 his Death it defcended to Gerard Fur- 
 vu'jal, K:s Brother Gerard's Son, who fold 
 it to Henry the Son of Richard, King of 
 the Romans, and his Heirs, from whom 
 it paflcd by the Heir General, to John 
 of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster, and was 
 held by the Crown as a Part of the Ma.- ' 
 nor of Tikhlll, 'till it was fold away by 
 King James I. but the Priory never en- 
 jpyed the Mill quietly. 
 
 The Town is but fmall, but hath a 
 noted Shoe^fair on St. Lucy's Day, Dec. 
 13. There arc fome Beads, and Swine 
 brought to it to be fold, and fome other 
 Tradefmen refort to it, but Shoe makers 
 are much the Majority, of whom there 
 are every Year upward of an hundred, 
 and fome Years .almoft two. 
 
 The Re&ory ef this belonged to the 
 Priory of 'Wlrkfop, and -the Vicarage was 
 in their Patronage. The Canons enjoy- 
 ed the Tithes fome Time, but when 
 flet:ry the Son of the King of the Romans, 
 Ciiinc into ihe PofTcffion of the Manor, 
 
 his Bailiff took the Tithes from the Ca- 
 nons, and his Widow Conjlantia detained 
 them, as John de Vefry and his Servants 
 did the Wind-mill. However die Tithes 
 were at length recovered, and the 
 Monks enjoyed them, 'till the Diflblu- 
 tion, when this Rectory was given by 
 King Edward VI. Reg. 7. to Sir James 
 Folejambe Kt. and his Heirs paying year- 
 ly 'for if into the Exchequer zz I. 1 3 /. 4 d. 
 This Vicarage was 8 /. when it was in 
 the Patronage of the Prior of Wlrkfop, 
 but it is now valued in the King's Books 
 at 7 7. 1 8 s. 4</. and the Duke of Devon- 
 jhire is Patron, and the Duke of Rut- 
 land Impropriator. 
 
 Hablejlhorp, or for Shortnefs Abjlborp, 
 an Hamlet of which Mr. Lewis de Bella- 
 monte, o Ediv. II. was Lord. It now 
 makes a Prebend in the Cathedral 
 Church of York, and is valued at 10 7. 
 annual Rent. It joyns to North Leverton* 
 and had formerly a Chapel, but it is 
 now in Ruins, yet it hath a Conftable a 
 Part from Le-verton. 
 
 Harwell, or Hereuuelle, was Pan of it 
 the Fee of Roger de Bujll, and Part of it ' 
 belonged to the Manor of Grlngeley. In 
 after Times this Manor was in the Hands 
 of the Families de Frefche-vede, Mirkbam* 
 Totnnley and We /;t worth, from whom it ' 
 hath pafTed to the Corporation of Neiv- 
 arke t of whom Thomas Magnus bought if, 
 and gave it to Anthony G'%> w ^ was 
 Lieutenant Colonel to Sir John Digfy in 
 Neivarke Garrifon, who, or his Pofterity, 
 are now Tenants of if. 
 
 Hay ton, Halt on, or Heytcn, was the Fee 
 of the Archbimop of fork, under whom 
 the Family de Hayton held it for fome 
 Generations, and after them Laurent de 
 Moigne, Ralph Makerel, John Friz-Witt'iam, 
 John Page, &c. were fucceflively Lords 
 of it. Some fmall Parts of this Manor 
 were given to pious Ufes. i. Ry Adar,r t 
 Chaplain of Raaford, who gave fome 
 certain Lands in this Place to St. Mary 
 of Blythe. ;. By Robert Everingb.im, who 
 ave the Monks of Wirkfop the Suit of 
 his Court at Leyrton, for Lands held of 
 it by thct Priory in this Place. ;. By 
 Robert de Power, who had a 1 icence 
 granted him, 4 E'&x. II to give ore 
 T Tof<v
 
 Of f ING HA M SHIRS. 
 
 Tofr, and three Acres of Land, with 
 the Appertenances in this Place, to the 
 Vicar of this Church and his Succeflors, 
 to augment the Suftentation of a certain 
 Chaplain, Q?c. The Priory of Wirkfop 
 had alfo a Grange and Lands belonging 
 to it here, valued at the Diflblution at 
 3 /. i 5 j. 4 d. Here were alfo Lands be- 
 longing to the Chantry of St. John of 
 JMatterfey, which were granted 7 Edw. 
 VI. ro Mr. Reeve and Cotton in Fee. 
 
 The Church here \Vas given by Arch- 
 bifhop Roger to the Chapel, which he 
 had founded near the Minfter at York, 
 and Seivall Archbifliop there after- 
 wards ordained a Vicarage, appointing 
 that the Vicars for the Time beiiis 
 fhould have the Altarage, and the Land 
 of the Church of this Town, with a 
 Garden, and that the Sacrift of the faid 
 Chapel fhould be Patron of it. While he 
 prefented, it was 8 /. After the' Diflblution, 
 vhe Patronage of the Re&ory was given 
 by King Philip and Queen Mary '.I. to 
 Nkklas Archbifhop of "fork and his Suc- 
 ceflors, but the Patronage of the Vica- 
 rage was otherwife difpofcd of, and is 
 row in the Hands of his Grace the Duke 
 of Devorfiire, being valued in the King's 
 Books at this Time at 4/. I 5 s. 5 d. 
 
 Leiierton, or Legreton South, called for 
 Shortnefs Leyrton, a principal Hamlet of 
 the Manor of Ofaardbec, Part of the 
 Archbifliop* Fee, as a Bcrue of Lanum, 
 and Part Roger de Bujli's Fee, or an- 
 cient Demefne, being Soc of the King's 
 jrreal Manor of jMaumfeld. This Ma- 
 T'.c.r was granted by King Henry III. to 
 Henry de itajlings-, and Ada his Wife and 
 her Heirs, in which Family it continu- 
 ed many Sncceflions, but how, or when 
 it was alienated, we find not, but by 
 certain Deeds, and .ancient Evidences, 
 it appears that there was a fair Houfc, 
 and Demefnes belonging to it, with di- 
 rcrfe Tenements and Farms in this 
 Place, heretofore belonging to it, and 
 of a long Time being the Inheritance of 
 the NVcm, then having their Seat in this 
 Place, but fold in the laft Century by the 
 Nevils, dwelling at JMaitcrfey, to the Right 
 honourable the Earl aflTinfJhn whofe Po- 
 fterity, now Dukes of Klr.pfion now enjoy 
 
 it. Here is a Free-School about 20 /. per Ann. 
 
 Lljiard de Mafters, (called in Latin, De 
 Men after us} held thirteen Bovats in this 
 Place, of which he gave, 4 Rich. I. to the 
 Priory of Thttrgarton that Bovat of Land 
 which had formerly been T7/db,?/the Saxon's, 
 then held by Adam, and Ernis, Anno 1328. 
 
 The Church here being upon the 
 King's Demefne, and holding of his Ma- 
 nor of Maunsfield, was given with Matins- 
 f~e!d to the Dean and Chapter of L>n-c!n, 
 by King William Rufus. The Vicarage- 
 is in the Patronage of fb.e faid Dean to this 
 Day ; and whereas it was valued then at 
 eight Marks, 'tis now in the King's 
 Books 6 1 1 3 s. 4d. 
 
 Leverton, Legreton, or Legbirton North,. 
 and fdr Shortnefs Lairton, was a Bercw 
 of the Archbifliop of York's great Manor 
 of Litnttm. The Family ,of 'Etierlxgham 
 were a long Time Lords of this Manor, 
 but after them the Lords of it were 
 many, as Robert de Watertw, John Bab- 
 ington, William Chadtvorth, William Wilhugh- 
 by, Chriftcgher Kenda.1, whole Family held 
 it of the Archbifhop of York, as of his 
 Manor of Scrcuby, 'till it came lately to 
 be the Inheritance of Peter Roos, and is 
 now Tho. Broughtons Efq; 
 
 The Church here is appropiated to, 
 and makes a Prebend in the Collegiate 
 Church of Southwell. The Vicarage was 
 ten Marks anciently, but is now valued 
 in the King's Books at five Pounds, and 
 the Prebendary of it is Patron. 
 
 Llttleborough, or LlttJebitrgh, a fmaU' 
 Town exaUy anfwerable to the Name, 
 where, as there is at this Day, a Ferry 
 much ufed, fo .there was formerly (as 
 Mr. Cambden fpeaks with much Aihi- 
 rance) that famous Station and Abode, 
 which Antoninus twice mentions, but va- 
 rioufly read in fome Copies Agslocum, in 
 others Segelocum. He confefleth, that he 
 formerly fought for this Station in Vam 
 hereabouts, out now he fays, He verily, 
 believes he 'hath found it, both becaufe 
 it (lands upon the Military Way, and 
 becaufe the Marks of an old Wall are 
 ftill difcerniblc in the neighbouring Field, 
 where many Coins of the Roman Emper- 
 ors are often found by the Plow- men, 
 who call them Stvines Pennies, beca-ufe 
 
 they
 
 they are moft ufually difcovered by the 
 Rooting of Swine. 
 
 Dr. Tkoroton hath fixed that Roman 
 Station at Idleton, now called Eaten, as 
 Mr. Cambden did, when he put out his 
 Britannia in 1 594. but for different Rea- 
 ibns, for Mr. Cambden places it at Idleton, 
 partly upon the Account of its Diftance 
 from Linduni, or Lincoln, and partly 
 from the Likenefs of the Name, Agelo- 
 cum written by a Slip of the Librarian's 
 Pen, for Adelocum y which is not much 
 unlike the prefent Name ; but Dr.Thoro- 
 ton's Reafon is taken from the Significa- 
 tion of the Word Adelocum, or Segelocum, 
 which fignifies a Place of Corn, as Idle- 
 ton alfo does, the Word Yd in the Britijh 
 JL.angua.ge Signifying Corn, and fo Idleton 
 fignifies a Town of Corm In this Diver- 
 fity of Opinions, Mr. Burton in his Notes 
 upon the Itinerary, takes Part with Mr. 
 Cambden, and to reconcile Agelocitm, and 
 Segelocum, tells us, that thefe two Words 
 are to be ranked among them, to which 
 the Romans fometimes prefix an S. or Si- 
 bilus, and fometimes omit it, inltancing in, 
 Alpes, which is fometimes written Salpies, 
 Amnites, Samnites, Saltmantica, Amantica, 
 Siluenca, Aliungia, &c. 
 
 This Place is an Hamlet of Mf.mfeld, 
 the King's great Manor, and Ofaardbec. 
 King y-ohn being at Nottingham, when he 
 was Earl of Moretcn, gave to the Church 
 af Welbeck and Alonks there, the Church 
 of Littleburgb, tiiz. the Advowfon and 
 Presentation, with all the Appertenances 
 belonging to him or his Heirs, to be 
 converted to their proper Ufes, and Jef- 
 frey Plant Usenet Archbifliop of York, ap- 
 propriated it accordingly to that Abbey. 
 Hugh, Son of Hugh Stretton, alfb gave 
 twelve Acres of Mea -iow in the Marm. 
 of Lee, and two Fiiliiiigs in the Waters 
 of Trent, viz. the one called Go-fe-gartb 
 to this Church, and the other called 
 Wo/ves-garth to the Abbey of Welbeck. 
 Here is a Chapel dedicated to the Ser- 
 vice of God. 
 
 Mifne, Mifna, or Myffen, in which the 
 King had Ibme Lands belonging to his 
 Manor of Flinthxm. Roger Bujli alfo had a 
 Fee here, and there. was iome Tain-land, 
 which Cntfte the iSVmw held : We fuppofe 
 
 E. 147 
 
 this Place called Mifen, becaufe it lies 
 intermixed with the Lands of Lincolnfoire. 
 The Family Marefey had confiderabie 
 Pofleflions here, which they held of the 
 Honour of Lancafter. In King Henry IV's 
 Reign, John Scot, Ann. 7. had a Licence 
 to give this Manor of Mifne with the Ap- 
 pertenances, to the Prior and Convent of 
 Matterfey, and their Succeflors, which 
 was accordingly then done, but after the 
 Diflblution it came firft to the Legats, 
 then to Sir Matthew Palmer. 
 
 Here was a Grange belonging to the 
 Monaftery of Matterfey in Fee-farm, in 
 the Occupation of Thomas Fcive, which 
 falling to the Crown by the Snpprefiion 
 of the Abbies, Queen Elizabeth, Reg. $S. 
 granted it with all its Rights and Appcr- 
 tcnances, to William Borne, and fames 
 Orenrre Efq; being then of the Value of 
 twenty one Pounds Ann. 
 
 The Idle is navigable as far, as this 
 Town, and Boats come out of the Trent, 
 and bring Goods hither, and to Ba-tvlree. 
 
 The Advowfon of this Church was 
 fbme Time in Difpute, between the Ab- 
 bot and Convent of Wetteck, and the 
 Prior and Canons of Matterfey, to which 
 laft, upon a full Hearing before the 
 Chancellor of York, and a Canon qf 
 Southwell, it was adjudged, and the Ab- 
 bot and Convent obliged to renounce all 
 their Right and Title to it. While the 
 Church was in the Canons Hands, they 
 were Patrons of the Vicarage, which 
 was then valued at ten Marks. Since 
 the Diflolution, the Re&ory of Myfin t 
 which belonged to the Priory .of Matter- 
 fey, hath been granted, a Js.c. I. to Lau- 
 rence Basket-vile and John S tiler, and the 
 King is Patron of the Vicarage, which 
 is valued in his Books at 61. 4 s. id,. 
 There WAS anciently a Chantry belong- 
 ing to this Church, which had confider- 
 abie Revenues belonging to it, which 
 King James I. Reg. ^. granted to Sir 
 John Ramfey K_nt. and Thomas "Emerfon 
 Gent, among other Things, paying to 
 the Crown 10 s. 'id. per Ann. 
 
 Mijlerton, or Mttjlerton, a good Share 
 of which belonged to the King's Manor 
 of Mansfield:, but Roger de Bujli had as 
 much of it in his Fee, as before the Con- 
 T i <ruett
 
 148 NO 
 
 queft five Taynes had for five Manors. 
 William Lovetot fucceeded to Roger's 
 Lands here, as he did elfe where, and 
 gave the Church here to the Monaftery 
 of Wirkfop, with fome other Churches, 
 which he founded. King Henry II. and 
 King John, when he was Earl of Mere- 
 ton, gave to the Canons of Neivftede, a 
 third Part of this Town, with Stokketh, 
 and Wahreth, all of the King's ancient 
 Demefne. The Hay tons had a Manor 
 here, which they held fome Succeflions, 
 but at length it came to be the Inheri- 
 tance of the Ptges, and after the Time 
 of King Her.ry VIIT. of the Cogons, Tongs, 
 and Pettingers, the Manors belonged to 
 the King, and the Priory of Newjlede. 
 It is a pretty large Parifli, and it is faid, 
 that there are nigh eighty Free-holders 
 an it. From hence to South Leverton, and 
 between the Trent and Idle, the Soil is a 
 Itifr" Clay, and the Inhabitants call it 
 North Clay. 
 
 There were alfo fome other Icflbr Par- 
 cels of this Parifli given to Religious 
 Ufes, as a Piece of Land, called the 
 Laund, a Wind-mill, and fome other 
 Lands and Tenements belonging to the 
 Priory of Axholm in Lincolnfoire ; as alfo 
 a Glofe, called the Nuns Clofe, and a 
 Selion of Land, and a Mefluage, belong- 
 ing to the Priory of Heverings in Lincoln- 
 fiire, and a Cottage belonging to the 
 Priory of Wirkfop, all which were grant- 
 ed after- the Diflblution to Robert Thorn- 
 l>ill, and Leonard Warcap and their Heirs, 
 38 Hen. VIII. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, of 
 which the Chapter of York have had the 
 Patronage all along. It was valued at 
 ten Pounds anciently, but it is now in 
 the King's Books io/. 5 /. Here was a 
 Chantry in rhis Church diflblved, z 
 JLA-'Jo. VI- and the twenty Acres in the 
 Marfli of this Place, given by Thomas 
 Darnell r, the Celebration of his Obit, 
 were amongft many other Things grant- 
 ed, by Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 21. to 
 Edward Grimjton, Senior and Junior, and 
 their Heirs. 
 
 Ofwardifc. or OfaaUbcc, was a Wapen- 
 take before the Conqueft, cor tuning all 
 ihe Towns between, the Rivers Idel and 
 
 Trent, beginning at Rampton and Tref 
 well, and fo to Retford, which is now 
 called the North Clay Divifion of Baffet- 
 law Wapentake, with the Addition of 
 the firlt named Town. It was all of it 
 the Fee of Roger de Bujli, or a Part of 
 the King's .Manor of Mansfield, except 
 fome fmall Parcels belonging to the 
 Archbifhop of York. King John, when 
 he was Earl of Moreton, gave the whole 
 Land of Ofaaldbec to Roger de Montebego- 
 nls, and confirmed it to him when he 
 was King, but it was reconveyed to the 
 King, Hen. III. Reg. i 3. by Roger de Mon* 
 tebegonis, who granted it a few Years af- 
 ter, with the whole Town of Oswaldbec 
 to Henry de Httjlings and Ada his, Wife*, 
 for her Part of. the Earldom of Chifter, 
 from whom it defcended. to the Bella-- 
 camps Lords of Bergavenney , and Earls of 
 Wovcejker; but now, neither the Wapen* 
 take of Ofwaldbec, nor the Manor arc 
 well known. 
 
 Saundby was Part held of .the King's 
 Ala nor of Mansfield, the relt> was a Be- 
 rne to the Archbilhop's great. Manor of 
 Lanum. The Family of Saundby, who 
 took their Name from this Town, were 
 long the Owners of the Manor, which 
 paflecl by the Female Heir to the Hercyes, 
 of whom Sir John gave it to his Nephew 
 Hotham, from whom it hath pafied thra* 
 the Hands of Leek, Elwijh, and Forfet, to 
 ihe Dukes .of Kingfton. 'Tis a fmall, but 
 rich Town. There is little Corn bred 
 in it, the Inhabitants living moftly upon 
 their Daries. 
 
 There were in this Parifli fome Par- 
 cels of Lands, and other Eftates belong* 
 ing to religious Houfes, given by, i. 
 Jeffrey de Maaqulncy, who fettled on the 
 Church of St. Peter at Thurgarton and the 
 Canons there, in pure Alms, one Bovat, 
 with the Appertcnances in this Place, 
 for his own Soul, his Wife Maud's, and 
 all their Parents. 2. By a Perfon un- 
 known, certain Lands in the Fields here 
 to the Monaftery of Torkefey in Lincoln- 
 Jbire, which at. the Diflblution were gi- 
 veji with other Things to Sir PhlKp 
 HMy. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, valu- 
 er 1 , when Mr. Rercy. was Patron, at i6J,
 
 N T T I N (S HA M S HIRE. 
 
 149 
 
 but is now in the King's Books but 147. 
 y s. id. and the Duke of Kingfton is Pa- 
 tron. 'Tis reckoned to be worth about 
 an hundred Pounds a Year to the Rec- 
 tor. There was a Chantry founded in 
 this Church, 6 Edit-. IV. by Sir John 
 Markham Chief Juftice, and others, 
 who annexed to it one Mefluage, and 
 nine Acres of Land, and another with 
 feventy fix Acres, and two Cottages, 
 valued at the Diflblution at 57. 1 3 /. 4 d. 
 which Queen Elizabeth Reg. 32. granted 
 to Edward Downing^ and Roger Rant, and 
 their Heirs. 
 
 Scaffwarth) or Scaftord, an Hamlet of 
 Everton, Part of it belonging to the 
 Archbifliop of York's Manor at Sudton. 
 The Spinays, and Twijletotis, were fome 
 Time Lords of this Manor, of which 
 latter Robert Northfeld claimed it, 2, Eliz. 
 
 Stocktvith, Stokketh, or Stckkyth, an 
 Hamlet of Mijlerton, which being given 
 to rhe Priory of Newjlcde by King John, 
 there was a Market and Fair proclaim- 
 ed to be in it, 12. Hen. III. The Shock- 
 withsy.viho took their Name from this 
 Place, occupied all, or moft of the 
 Lands belonging to the Priory above 
 mentioned. 
 
 Sturton, Strston, or Eftreton, belonged 
 Part to Mansfeld, and the reit was Roger 
 Bufli's Fee. The Family of Sturtons at 
 length became Lords of it, and continu- 
 ed fo fbme Generations ; but it was in 
 the latter Times Darceys, and Lafcels. 
 Here was another Manor in this Place 
 called JMxkerells, which defcended to 
 Fttz.-Wilfiams, who paid for it in the 
 Time of Queen Elizabeth, as for two 
 Parts, and a fixth Part of one Knight's 
 Fee, 5 /. 6 s. o d. * 4 . The Fields and 
 Meadows here are large. 
 
 The Priory of Matterfey had Lands 
 here, which after the Diflblution were 
 granted by King Henry VIII. to Sir An- 
 thonyNevil Knt. with that Monaftery, and 
 after came to the Sturtom of this Place, 
 and are now the Inheritance of John 
 frlillington Elq; 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, and 
 an indifferent good -one, in the Patro- 
 nage of the Chapter of Tork. It was an- 
 ciently valued at twenty Marks, but is 
 
 now in the King's Books but 5 /. 7 s. 3 </. 
 The Church and Steeple here, exceed 
 any in North Clay for Bignefs, excepc 
 Retford. 
 
 Tiln N.rth, and South, belonged in 
 Part to the King's Honour of Mansfield^ 
 and the reft was of the Archbishop's Fee 
 appertaining to his Manor of Sutton. 
 King J-ohn gave Roger de Lanum four 
 Marks Rent, with the Appcrtenances in 
 two Woods, and a Mill here, which his 
 Pofterity enlarged, and increafed. Ro- 
 bert Power alfo held of the King in Co.- 
 pite 13 /. 4<f. and one Mefluage and two 
 Bovats of Land of the Archbifliop, at 
 z /. per Ann. and Suit at Lanum Court. 
 In 1460. there were Lands in this Place, 
 which belonged to the Priory of Workfep t 
 every Acre of which contained eight 
 Roods. 
 
 Here was anciently a Free-chapel, 
 which coming to the Crown by the Dif^ 
 Iblution, was granted by King Edw. VI. 
 R.eg. 2. to Robert and William Swift and 
 their Heirs, with the Appcrtenances in 
 Eajt Retford, Wellum, &c. It flood in 
 Hayton Parifh. 
 
 Walkeringham, or JValcringhtim, had in 
 it Part of the King's Demefne belong- 
 ing to Maunsjield, and the reft was Roger 
 de Bufli's Fee, whofe Alan Roger held ir, 
 and left it, as he did other Lands of 
 Bujli's, to William de Lovstot, who having 
 founded the Monaftery of Radford near 
 Workfop, gave to it the Church of this 
 Place. Moll of the King's ancient Dc- 
 mefnc here was given to the Priory of 
 Newflede in Shlrwood, at the Foundation 
 by King Henry II. and at the Diflblution 
 was granted 4 & 5 of Phil. & Mar. I. to 
 Richard jFervace, whofe Defcendant fold 
 it to the Earl of Kingfton, whofe Poitc- 
 rity are now Dukes. The capital Mef 1 
 fuage, Grange, and all other Heredita- 
 ments in this Place, which belonged to 
 the Priory of Workfop, and many Acres 
 of Lands in the feveral Fields were 
 granted by King Henry VIII. among 
 many other Things, to "Lturer.ce Il.tr- 
 ivard and Stephen Termpte. The greatefl 
 Part of the Parifli is the Eftate of Tlx>- 
 mas Willouglby Bar. a Defcendant from 
 Sir FfAdi IViHoHgbby created, as hereafter 
 is fncwn. There
 
 N f r TUG II A M S H I R E. 
 
 150 
 
 There were alfo cliverfe other Heredi- 
 taments in this Place, which belonged 
 to other religious Foundations, viz* 
 a Grange, and Farm with feveral 
 Lands, Meadows, and Failures here, 
 belonging to the Monaftery de Rttpe, or 
 Ro:he in Yorkfiire, extended at the Diflb- 
 liition to 5 /. 14 s. which King Henry 
 VIII. Reg. 38. granted to Sir Richard 
 Lee Knt. and his Heirs, as alfo certain 
 Mefluages, Lands and Tenements, be- 
 longing to a Chantry in the Chapel of 
 fadham in the County of Lancajter, 
 granted by King Edward VI, to Sir Mi- 
 fhael Stanhope, and John Bellow and their 
 Heirs. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, and 
 when the Prior of Workfop was Patron, 
 'twas valued at 8 /. but now is valued at 
 7 /. 1 1 s. $d. ob. and the Matter, Fel- 
 lows, and Scholars of Trinity College in 
 Cambridge, are the Patrons, and have 
 the Rcftory, but the Vicarage is fmall. 
 
 Welkme, or Welium, was Part of it be- 
 longing to the King's great Manor of 
 JMaunfeM, and Part of it to the Arch- 
 biihop of Tcrlis Lordfliip of Sutton; yet 
 there were fome Lands here that paid 
 49 s. Rent yearly to the Lords of Of- 
 ivaUbec Sok, but the Tenants were Free- 
 holders. The Luwtots were chief Owners 
 here. 
 
 Several religions Hoiifes had Lands in 
 this Village, viz.. Matilda de Luvetot, Wi- 
 dow of Gerard de Furnival gave to the 
 Canons of Radford near Workfop, for the 
 Safety of her own, and Sons Souls, her 
 v/hcle Land in this Place, with the Ho- 
 mages, and Services of the Men, and 
 their Sequels. The Priory of Workfop 
 alfo had chief Rents here of i /. i s. 6d. 
 and Lands rented at TO/. 13 s. qd. The 
 Free-chapel of Tilne had alfo Lands here, 
 and fo had the Free-chapel of our Lady, 
 and all Saints, called St. Sepulchre's 
 Chapel, near the M'n;fter of Tork. 
 
 A Mefluage, and Tenement belonging 
 to the Priory of Workfcp, was given 37 
 JJe. VI (I. to George Lefernore, and John 
 StYcmgemari, who the fame Year had a 
 Licence to give them to Richard Richard- 
 fon junior, and Alice his Wife and their 
 Heirs, who alienated them 7 E/. : i. to 
 
 Chrijlopber Twifleton, and Ann his Wife 
 and their Heirs. Mr. Edmund Brown 
 built a pretty Houfe here, and left it to 
 his two Daughters in 1673. 
 
 Wheat Icy, Wateley, or Wateleg, South and 
 North, was Part of them a Berue of the 
 Archbifhop of York's great Manor of 
 Lanttm, and Part of the King's Manor 
 of Maunsfeld, but the principal Part was 
 Roger de Bujli's, Fee, containing five Ma- 
 nors, which before the Conqueft belong- 
 ed to five Taynes. King- John granted 
 his Part to Roger de Monte Begonis, the 
 Countefs of Eiue y &c, Laurence de Pavel- 
 Tt held 40 j. of Land, and Rent in this 
 Place of the Archbilhop, by Service of 
 Suit to his Court every three Weeks. It 
 is a good Corn Town. 
 
 Some Lands in this Place were given 
 to religious Ufes, by J. William , Son of 
 Robert de Waytele, who gave to the Monks 
 of Blithe 7 j. i d. Rent, out of his Lands 
 in this Place. 2. Jeffrey de JMauquinci, 
 who gave to the Canons of Felley iz d. 
 yearly^- out of a Bovat of Land in this 
 Par i On, for his own Soul, and Maud his 
 Wife's. 
 
 The Re&ory of South Wheailey was an- 
 ciently a Part of the Chapelry of Tik- 
 kill, and difpofed with that. It was then 
 valued at 10 /. The Patronage of it now 
 belongs to the Chapter of Southwell, and 
 it is now in the King's Books 6 1. 14*. 
 a d. The Vicarage of North Wheatley, 
 was ten Marks, when the A'bbot of Wef- 
 minjle? was Patron, 'tis now in the King's 
 3 /. 1 8 s. n d. and the Duke of Kingjlon 
 is Patron. 
 
 Vfipjlon, or Wiper., was Part of the 
 King's Soke of Ofwardbec, and belonged 
 to his great Manor of Mansfeld. The 
 under Tenants were William de Harper, 
 who paid the King i 5 /. per Ann, for four 
 Bovats of Land, and Sir Thomas Latimer. 
 'Tis in the Parifh of Claworth. 
 
 The Priory of Matterfey 20 Edw. IV. 
 had Lands here, which were granted at 
 the Diflbhuion, with the Site of that 
 Me nailery to Sir Anthony Ncvil by King 
 Ho;ry VIII. The Priory of Workfop had 
 then Lands here rented at 5 /. per Ann. 
 
 III. The
 
 NO TflNGHJ M SHIRE. 
 
 T)t 
 
 III. The Divifion of HAT FIELD. 
 
 This Divifion in our Maps bears the 
 Name of the whole Wapentake, and is 
 as large as the other two almoft. It li- 
 eth on the Weft Side of the River Idle, 
 and as the South and North Clay Diviu*- 
 ons, which lye on the oppofue Side, 
 have ever been famous for Plenty of 
 Corn, fo hath this Divifion for "Wood, 
 and Plenty of good Waters, infbmuch, 
 that in it alone there were well nigh as 
 many Monafterics, as in all the Rell of 
 the County, which perhaps might be the 
 Reafon, why the Villages have multipli- 
 ed fo much in it, and that there are 
 more Market Towns in this, than any 
 other Wapentake, if we may count 
 
 Bawtree to be a Market Town in this 
 County, as we very well may ; for tho* 
 perhaps the major Part of it lies in Tork- 
 Jbire, yet a Part of it is alfo in this 
 County, and is 'the neareft, and only 
 Market for the more northern Parts. It 
 is kept weekly on Wednefdays for moft 
 Goods neceflary for Houfe-kcepers. but 
 (as the Gentleman abovementioned af- 
 fures us) is moft famous for Lead, and 
 Mill-ftones, which are brought hither by 
 Land out of Darbyfiire, and are fent by 
 Water from thence into feveral Parrs of 
 Great Britain, for here the River Idle be- 
 comes navigable, and after a Courfe of 
 eight or ten Miles falls into the Trent, 
 \vhich foon after empties it felf into the 
 Hxmber, and fb into the Ocean, which 
 yeilds an open Paflage into all the mari- 
 time Parts of this I fie. Here are alfo 
 two Fairs kept yearly, the one of 
 them moveable, being on Thttrfday in 
 Whitfon Week, and the other on the Feaft 
 f St. Martin, the eleventh of November. 
 What more is obfervable in this Place 
 we lhall referve to Yorkjbire. 
 
 Blytb, Blitb, or Blide, was the Manor 
 of Roger deBnJli, faring fome fmall Parrs, 
 which he held of the Manors of Odefuck, 
 Afansfeld, and Bodmefcil, which t\vo laft 
 were the King's. Roger de Bujli had a 
 Sear here, and Caftle, and therefore 
 procured it the Title of an Honour, 
 though his chief Houie being at the Ca- 
 
 ftle of TiUhlll in Torljhire, all the Lands 
 of his Fee here were dependent upon 
 that. This Roger, afterwards being of a 
 pious and grateful Difpofirion, with the 
 Confent of his Wife Muriel, did for ths 
 Stability of William then King of Eng- 
 land (who had given him a full fourth, 
 Part of this County, if not more, be- 
 fides what he gave him in others) and of 
 his Succeflbrs, as alfo for the Health of 
 the Soul of Queen Maud, and their 
 own, by the Advice of their Friends,, 
 eret a Priory in this Town, and by 
 Way of Endowment gave and granted 
 to God, St. Mary, and the Monks there 
 ferving God, the Church of B!yti>e, and 
 the whole Town entirely with all the' 
 Privileges, and Cuftoms thereunto be- 
 longing, and annually paid by the 
 Townfmcn, viz- to plow, carry, and reap 
 his Corn, cut and make his Hay, to take- 
 Toll, and Paflage from Ridford to Tkorn- 
 <wad, 8cc. as alio to have a Fair, and a 
 Market in the faid Town ablblurely, 
 and freely without any Retention with- 
 Soc, and Sac, Toll, and Infangtheif, 
 Iron, and Ditch, and Gallows, with affl 
 other Liberties, as- he held them of 
 the King. The Kings Henrys the firtt 
 and fecond, confirmed all thefe Grants 
 to the Monks; and the Prior of Blith in 
 all after Generations 'till the Diflbluticn, 
 was reputed the Lord of the Town, as 
 holding- it of the Honour of Tickbilt. 
 After the Suppreflion, the Site of the 
 Priory, and Demefnes were granted,. 
 35 Hen. VIII. to Richard Andrews and" 
 William R.rmfden, who had Licence to 
 alienate them to Richard StamJTeld, and 
 his Heirs, from whom it patted to Mr, 
 William Saunderfon, of which Family was 
 Dr. Robert Sanderfon late Bifhop of Lin" 
 coin, the moft famous Cafuift of his 
 Time. Both the Caftle and Monafterjr 
 of this Place are utterly ruined, and 
 have few or no Remains of them, ,*nd~ 
 the Manor is the Eitate of the Pofterirjr 
 of Sir Gervs/ce Clifton. 
 
 The Parifli of Blytbe is very lar.^e,. 
 having thefe Hamlets, viz. Hodf.-.k, Sere- 
 by, Barnefy on the Moor, Rawskill, ar. 
 Towarib. ' The Market is here on tturf- 
 day weekly, and the Fail's, one noon
 
 NO ftf I NG HA MS HI RE. 
 
 'Afcenpvn Day, which is of great Note 
 for a Sheep Fair, and the other on St. 
 Diotyfe's Day, the ninth of October. In 
 the Town is a pretty Houfe of the Fa- 
 mily of the Mellifies. 
 
 The Church is now a Vicarage, the 
 Retory anciently belonging to the Pri- 
 ory of Blithe, being fince the Diflolu- 
 tion, fettled on Trinity College in Cam- 
 bridge by King Henry VIII. when he 
 ibunded and endowed that College. 
 The Church it felf is a very large Ea- 
 brick. The Vicarage of Blytbe -was 
 twenty Marks, when the Prior of Blythe 
 was Patron; 'Tis now valued in the 
 King's Books at 147. 9 f. 4. and Trinity 
 College hath the Patronage of it. Some 
 of the Family of Cre/y built an Hofpital 
 here, which is now called Blythe Spittle, 
 -and is in the Gift and Difpofal of the 
 I-ord of Hodfak. 
 
 Workfop, was before the Conqueft the 
 IManor of EJJt the Saxon, and after the 
 JFee of Roger de Btifli, whofe Man Roger 
 held it ,of him, as he did feveral other 
 'Manors in this County, in all, which 
 William de Loveta fucceeded him. He 
 3 Hen. I. founded a .Monaftery of the 
 Canons of the Order of St. Aujtin in this 
 "Place, and with the Conceflion of Emme 
 Jhis Wife, and Sons, .granted and con- 
 .'firmed to God, and the faid Houfe, the 
 Chapelry of his whole Houfe, with 
 ..the Tithes .and Oblations, as alfo the 
 Church of Workfy, and all the Lands 
 and Tithes belonging to it. Thefe Love- 
 ftots held this Manor many Succeflions, 
 .but at lart it pafled by the Marriage of 
 the Heircfs Matilda, -de Luyetot, to the 
 JFamil.y of Furniv.ils, and from them in 
 the fame Manor to the Nevih and Tal- 
 .t&ts, who firft became on that Account 
 Lords Furnival, and afterward Earls, 
 .a^d Dukes of Shrewsbury, but are now 
 KJXiinSr. Gilbert the firit Earl of -Shrews- 
 bury, was the great Warrior in King 
 Henry V's Time, who won fo many Vic- 
 tories in France, that he was a Terror to 
 that Nation. He built a ftately Manor 
 .Houfe here, which tht ugh oldfafhioned, 
 fflacws a Magnificence fuitable to the 
 Cirandurc of the Farri y, And the more 
 for its Antiquity. I>o .1 the Talbots by 
 
 a Co-heir, this Seat with the Lands be- 
 longing to the Monaftery is become die 
 Eftate of the Howards Dukes of Norfolk, 
 who though Papifts, as well as other Fa- 
 milies, make no Scruple in pofleffing 
 Church Lands. 
 
 The Ruins of the Monaftery are ftill 
 to be feen among the pleafant Meadows, 
 on the eaft Side of the Town, and the 
 weft End of the Church, which is ftill 
 (landing, and has two beautiful and fair 
 Towers, and is now made parochial. 
 
 The Town as it is at prefent, is but 
 fmall, yet hath a good Market weekly 
 on Wednefdays, noted for Plenty of Li- 
 quorifh, and Malt, and three Fairs 
 yearly, viz.. on St. Cuthbert's Day, the 
 Saint to whom their Church is dedicated, 
 Mar. 20. on St. Walburg'sD&y, June 21. 
 and Octob. 3. in the Town are two Beat 
 Seats of the Hewyts, and Gatfords. 
 
 In this Parifh of Workfop are certain 
 Oa-kes, called Shire Oakes, fo denomina- 
 ted (as fome fay) from a large Oak, 
 that drops into three Shires, viz. York* 
 Derby, and Nottingham-fyires. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Place was given 
 by King Edward VI. Reg. i. to Henry 
 Bifhop of Lincoln, with all the Tithes of 
 Corn, and Hay, in all the Hamlets of 
 the faid Parilh. The Church is a Vica- 
 rage, valued in the King's Books at 12 /. 
 4^. -i--d. and in the Part that is ftanding 
 are the Monuments of WHfiam Lovetot 
 the Founder, who lies on the north Side 
 near the higJi Altar. He died April 1 2. 
 His Son Richard, and 
 Grandfon William lie below him. The 
 laft Thomas Furnival lieth under a Tomb 
 of Alabafter, beyond the principal Quire 
 on the north Side, and his Son William 
 on the fouth Side, &c. 
 
 Robert de Worfop, (as Dr. Fuller tells us) 
 w.as born in this Town, and took his 
 Name from it. He was bred an Augufli- 
 nian Monk in the Convent of Tikhill, not 
 far from Doncaper, where he wrote >nany 
 Books, and among them one called, The 
 Entrance of the Sentences. Bah fays, he 
 was made a Bifhop ; .but we not hnding 
 any fuch Name in our Catalogues of 
 EngHJI) Biihops, fuppofe him to be only 
 A -Suifrs'gan, -or A titular Biflioo of 
 
 ionic
 
 NO I*? ING H^MS HIRE. 
 
 fome foreign Parts. He died about 
 1560. 
 
 Alkeley, or Auclid, before the Conqueft 
 was Swain the Saxon's, and after Giflebert 
 de Tyfon's, who had all, or moft of Swain s 
 Lands in this County. It was then an 
 Hamlet to Finingley, and with it parted 
 from the Tyfons to the Kdo<wbray>, Tcuks t 
 St. Elena's, and others. In Queen Eliza- 
 beth's Reign, An. 17. the whole Manor 
 of Finingley, and A-wkley, was divided be- 
 tween Sherbttm and Frobijher t which lall 
 had. the Grange of Finingley, which had 
 lately belonged to the Priory of Matter- 
 fey. This Frobifier, was the famous Sir 
 Martin, who made three Attempts to 
 find a North-weft Paflage to Cataia ; and 
 though he proved unfuccefsful, he made 
 fome Difcoveries toward it, finding a 
 certain Promontary, which he named 
 Queen Elizabeth's Foreland, and fome 
 Streights, which he called Frobifoer's; and 
 brought away fome of the wild People, 
 and a good Quantity of black Stones, 
 which, becaufe the Refiners of London 
 had extra&ed a confiderablc Quantity 
 of Geld from, were called Gold Ore. 
 PeferFnbijber Efq; was Sir Marten's Heir, 
 and the faid Grange was confirmed to 
 him by the faid Queen, Reg. 40. 
 
 Allertcn, or Alreton, an Hamlet to the 
 Parilh of Edenjlowe, had two Manors in 
 it, one belonging to Alnvold the Saxon, 
 "till it was given to Roger A'. Bufli by the 
 Norman Invader; the other was Wade 
 the Saxon's 'till Gijlebert de Gand, outed 
 him by the fame Power. De Gand s Fee 
 in this, as divers other Places, became 
 the Inheritance of the Conjtables of Che- 
 Jter, from whom it pafled to the Crown, 
 for want of Heirs Male; and was after 
 the Lordfhip of the Earls of Lxncajler, 
 Kent, Wejimcrland, and others. The Fa- 
 mily of Markhants, defcended from a 
 fccond Son of Sir Thomas Markham, had 
 alfo a Manor and Seat here ; one of 
 them was alfo named Thomas, and was 
 Standard Bearer to the Band of Penfion- 
 ers in Queen Elizabeth's Reign. His 
 great Grandfon Thomas of this Place, 
 was a Captain in the Troops led by Sir 
 JMarmaduke Langdale againft the Parlia- 
 ment Forces, in the Fight at Ga'unborough t 
 
 '53 
 
 in 1643, where he was flain (or rather 
 fighting on the King's Part, was driven 
 with many others into the Trent and 
 drowned.) He was much lamented by 
 the King's Friends. The Family of 
 Markham were Owners here in 1611. 
 
 Here were fome fmall Donations to 
 religious Ufes, by i. William de Sutton 
 and Maud his Wife, who gave to the 
 Monaftery of Rufford, Ralph Veil of this 
 Place, their Villein, with his whole Se- 
 quel, and all his Chattels. z. Robert 
 Markbam, who held a Water-mill and 
 fome Lands of William Fitz-WiUiams t 
 paying to the Matter of the Hofpital of 
 Nujbam fourteen Shillings a Year. 
 
 Bxbzvorth, or Bab-word, partly belong- 
 ed to the King's Manor of Bodmefchel ; 
 but there was a Manor alfo, which be- 
 fore the Conqueft belonged to Tofli the 
 Saxon, and was Roger dz Bujli's Fee after 
 it. The Family of Saundby were anci- 
 ently Lords of it, and from them it 
 pa fled thro* Swillington, who had Free- 
 warren in it to Gxtpdffi, whofe Heirs fold 
 it to Sir William Trejjebutt', who gave 
 the Advowfon of the Church to the Pri- 
 ory of New fade, by the King's Licence, 
 and the Concurrence of Sir Thomas de 
 Saundby the mefne Lord. Sir Robert 
 Trejfebat fold the Manor to Sir Richard 
 Willoughby of Wollaton, and though a 
 Claufe in the Deeds fliewed, That the 
 Advowfon was appendant to the Manor, 
 the Prefentation of the Priory was never 
 queftioned. In Queen Elizabeth s Reign, 
 R chard Wortely feems to have been Lord 
 here, and lately Sir Gervafe Elzvis pur- 
 chafed it. 
 
 Barnaby in the Moor, is an Hamlet of 
 the Town of Blithe, as is above obfer- 
 ved, but hath 'two Manors in ir, belong- 
 ing before the Conqueft to Tervert, and 
 Sore the Saxons, and to Roger de Bttjti 
 after it. The Family, who took their 
 Name from the Place and were called 
 de Barnaby, had considerable Pofleffions 
 in it ; and gave to the Monks of Blythe 
 all the Right they had to the Moor of 
 Barnaby, and the Wood, with one Rood 
 of Land within the Inclofure of the Ma- 
 nor. Roger de Marefey, alfo granted, and 
 confirmed the whole Gift of his Fee in 
 U this
 
 154 
 
 this Town, as his Anceftors had made it, 
 to God, St. Mary, and the Monks of 
 Blithe, to whom Thomas de Marefey had 
 releafed all Homage, &>c. 'Tis now a 
 famous Baiting-place for the Stage- 
 coaches, which pafs between London and 
 Tork. 
 
 Bevsrcotes, was of the Fee of the Ma- 
 nor of Tikhill, held of the Countefs of 
 Ewe, by William de Bevereotes, by the 
 Payment of one Knight's Fee. His Po- 
 flerity held this Manor from the Reign 
 ef King Henry II. if not before, to that 
 of King Edward VI. when Cttthbert Bever- 
 totes dying without Iflue Male, his 
 Daughter and Heir Mary, marrying to 
 Rutland Molineux, carried this Manor 
 with diverfe other Eftatesto that Family; 
 but he kept it but a little while, be- 
 fore he fold it to the Earl of Clan, after- 
 ward made Duke of Newcaftie, in whofe 
 Defendants and Heirs we luppofe it ftill 
 continues. 
 
 The Church here fell down about 
 thirty Years ago, fincc which Time it 
 Bas been joyned to the Vicarage of Weft 
 JMarkham a fmall Town near it. 
 
 Bilby, was the Manor of TrnncM the 
 axon before the Conqueft, but it was 
 Roger de Bujli's Fee after it, and Ingram, 
 or Engelram was his Tenant. His Pofte- 
 ity had Pofleffions here, as had alfo the 
 Fttz-Ranulphs, and Orrelys ; but Sir Tho- 
 mas CbawortZ was then chief Lord of the 
 Town, and his Heirs held it 'till the 
 Reign of King Edward IV. or near it. 
 In Queen Elizabeth's Reign, Sir Edward 
 Ofborn, Alderman of London had this Ma- 
 Jior, but his Heir Sir Edward fold it to 
 Sir Geroafe Clifton Knight and Baronet, 
 in whofc Family we fuppofe it con- 
 tinues. 
 
 The Canons of Wetbeck had here the 
 Mill, which was given them by William 
 Fitz-Rantilph, with his Body there to be 
 buried, and confirmed to them by Ifa- 
 bella his Daughter, fometime the Wife of 
 John de Orreby, whofe Son Gilbert de Orre- 
 by gave moreover to the faid Cano_ns, all 
 his Right and Claim in divers Tenants, 
 With their Sequels. Sir Thomas Chawortb 
 alfo granted to the faid Canons, full and 
 free Power to make *d lepaijr their 
 
 Dam at B</fy, and take and dig Tnrfe, 
 on both Sides of it. 
 
 Bondbusk, an Hamlet belonging to the 
 Manor of Cttkeney, or Cokeney, which Sir 
 Henry de Faucotiberg Knight, pa fled over 
 to jobn Hotham Biihop of Ely, with the 
 laid Manor and its Appertenances, that 
 the laid Bifhop fnould convey and fettle 
 them upon the Abbot and Convent of 
 Welbeck, Ann. 1322. It was enjoyed by 
 the faid Abbey 'till the Diflblution, 
 when King Henry VIII. Reg. 32. for the 
 Sum of 617 /. 6 /. Sd. granted to George 
 Pierpoint of Walley in the County of Dar- 
 by Efq; this Manor and feveral others, 
 with their Appertenances, as alfo the 
 Tithes of the Corn and Hay. His De- 
 fcendant, Robert Earl of Kingfton, dwelt 
 forty Years at Woodbaufe in the Pari/h of 
 Cukeney, but his Son and Heir Henry 
 Marqucfs of Dcrchejler, removed to Holm 
 by Nottingham. His Defcendants are 
 now Dukes of Kingjton. 
 
 Boughton, Buketon, or Button, had two 
 Manors, the One the Eftate of Edwin 
 the Saxon before the Conqueft, and of 
 Roger de Bujli after; the Other was UTf's 
 the Saxon before, and Gijlebert de Gaxd's 
 after. They were both held of the Ho- 
 nour of TlWiU. In after Times thefe 
 Manors were the Demefhe of the Fami- 
 lies de Button, Mering, Markham y and 
 darkens, of which Name there was a 
 Gentleman here in 1612. 
 
 Some Lands in this Parifh were given 
 to religious Ufes. i. By Aellz the 
 Daughter of William de Button, who be- 
 fto\ved on the Monattery of Blithe, the 
 Advowfon of the Church here, three 
 Bovats of Land, and three Acres of 
 Meadow, and Common in every Pafture, 
 where her own Cattle fed. Her Son 
 John Burdon confirmed this his Mother's 
 Gift in the Court of TikhiU, 1224. 2. 
 By Bafilia de Button her Daughter, who 
 gave a Culture, or Wong of forty Acres 
 in the Fields here, to the faid Prior and 
 Monks. 3. By William Son of Eudo de 
 Button, who gave to the faid Monks an 
 Acre and half, lying between his Land 
 and that of Rob. Lexington. 
 
 Bothumjell, or Bodmefchel, before, the 
 Couqueft was the Lordfliip of Earl ToJH, 
 
 the
 
 NO T<TINGH4MSHIRE. 
 
 the Saxon, but it became the King's De- 
 mefne after it. This Manor confifted 
 of many Parcels of the adjoyning Pa- 
 rifhes, as Barnaby, Babworth, &c. Ralph 
 de St. George, and Richard de Furnells held 
 the Fee of this Place of the King in 
 Capite, or of the Honour of Lancaster ; 
 but Iflue Mail failing, Ifabel the Female 
 Heir of the Fttrnells, carried one Moiety 
 of this Manor to Richard de Bofelingrtorp t 
 whofc Son John had a Charter of Free- 
 warren here, 5 Ed-w. TIL In after Times 
 Sir Ralph Brafebrig had this Manor, and 
 Ibid it to John de Markham and his 
 Heirs, of whom Mr, Williamfon had it, 
 whofe Pofterity enjoy it, as they do 
 Lound-Hali, which lies upon the River 
 Idle, and was formerly the Eftate of 
 the Shelleys, and of the Fee of Tikhitt. 
 
 The Rc&ory of this Place was given 
 by Richard de Farnells to the Abbey of 
 Welbeck, which had the Patronage of 
 the Vicarage, then valued at eight Marks, 
 'till- the Dilfblution ; but after it the 
 predial Tithes, and Glebe of the Rec- 
 tory were granted by Queen Elizabeth, 
 Reg. 10. to Edward Earl of Lincoln, and 
 Chriflopher Gowgh Gent, and their Heirs in 
 Fee Farm. If we guefs aright, the Vi- 
 carage is in the Patronage of one of 
 them. 
 
 Budby, a Lordfhip belonging to the 
 King's great Manor of MnnifieU, as it 
 ftill continues, and confifts of ancient 
 Demefne Copy-holders of that Manor, 
 being within that Parifh. Since the 
 Ufe of Lime is found out in the Parts 
 in and near the Foreft, this Place is be- 
 come a pretty Town. 
 
 Car^erton, an Hamlet belonging to the 
 Parifh. of Edenjloive, but the King's great 
 Manor of Mansfeld had one Carucate in 
 it. The King was Lord of it, and on 
 that Account the Town of Carburton was 
 ancient Demefne; but now the Royalty 
 and VVaftes are the Inheritance of the 
 Heirs of the late Duke of Newcajtle. 
 Captain John Mazjtne the Duke s Servant 
 hath Built fome Houfes here, and Mr. 
 Mofeley had a Seat here, which now is 
 become Mr. Flowers, by the Marriage of 
 Mr. Mofeley's Daughter and Heir. 
 
 Carleton in Lindrick, belonged before 
 
 the Conqucft to fix Taynes, who had each 
 of them an Hall or Manor here, all 
 which were given to Roger de Bujli by the 
 Conqueror. Turold de Ckevercourt was Ro- 
 ger's Man, or Tenant. His Pofterity 
 Jong flourished in this Place ; and Ralph 
 de Chevercourt founded a Monaftery in 
 his Park here, which from its Dedica- 
 tion he called St. Mary in the Park; but 
 fince from us Situation among Wells, 
 Fountains, and Streams, it bears the 
 Name of Walllng-WeUs. Thomas White 
 Efq; hath his Seat in it. The Heirs Male 
 of Cbevercourt failing, their Eftate was di- 
 vided between the Latimers and Fitz- 
 Huvhs, who married the Co-heirs, and 
 from them it came to the Lord Danes, 
 Molineuxes, and in the Reign of King 
 Charles II. was purchafed by Major Toy- 
 lev, who for fomc Time was entrufted by 
 that Prince, with the Over-fight of the 
 Mole of Tangier in Africa. Sir Geruafe 
 Clifton, a Defcendant from that Sir Ger- 
 vafe, whom King James II. created a Ba- 
 ronet, May 22, if 1 1, hath a fine Seat 
 here. 
 
 The Abbey of Wellebeck had divers 
 Parcels of Land in this Lord/hip, gix'en 
 by, i. Aubreathe Daughter of Jordan de 
 Cheverrourt, and fome time Wife of Robert 
 St. Qutntin, who gave to it all her Land 
 in the Territory of Carleton, held by 
 Roger Lanphclt, for the Health of the 
 Souls of Jordan her Father, and Ralph 
 her Brother. ^. Ifabel, alfo the Daugh- 
 ter of the Paid Jordan, at the Requeft of 
 Robert de Furnals, gave to the faid Abbey 
 her Lands in Carlton, held by Henry Fitz.- 
 Waren. 3. Albreda de Chevercourt, gave 
 alfo to the faid Abbey, with her Body 
 to be buried there, for the Health of 
 Turold de Karleton, and Rob. St. Qttintin 
 her former Husband, the third Part of a 
 Bovat in this Place. Some other religi- 
 ous Houfes had alfo Pofleffions here, viz.- 
 i. The Priory of Workfop, had one Bo- 
 vat of Land in Carlton. 2. Roch Abbey 
 in TorJ:jl;ire t had alfo 8 /. 6s. Rent of 
 Land in Carlton, of the Fee of Tikhill, 
 the King's Demefne, which was con- 
 firmed to the Abbot of Roche, 57 Hen. III. 
 with twenty Acres of Meadow of the 
 fame Fee. 
 U 2 The
 
 NOT? ING HA MS HIRE. 
 
 156 
 
 The Re&ory of Carleton hath all along 
 been in the Patronage of the Archbi- 
 fhop of York, and was formerly valued 
 at 20 /. but now is in the King's Books 
 but 157. 1 3 j. 4 d. 
 
 Clipfton, or Kings CHpfon, becaufe it 
 was the King's Demefne foon after the 
 Conqueft. It was before Osberne's, and 
 I7//Ts, and being taken from them was 
 .given to Roger de Bujli, after whom it 
 came to the Crown, and was farmed out 
 to diverfe Perfons, who paid their Rents 
 to the Sheriff's for the time Being. King 
 J-ohn made a Park here to the Palace 
 erected before his Time. In the Reign 
 of King Henry VI this Manor, with 
 Adansfeld undt Lindeby , was fettled on Ed 
 mund Earl of Richmond, and jFafper Earl 
 of Pembroke ; but being returned again 
 to the Crown, King Henry VIII. granted 
 it to Thomas Howard Earl of Surrey, 
 when he created him Duke of Norfolk. 
 It continued not long in this Family, 
 for King Edward VI. parted it to 'John 
 Earl of Warwick, and Henry Sidney, as 
 the Poflcflions of Jafper Duke of Bedford, 
 who having again forfeited it, it came 
 again to the Crown, and remained there, 
 "till King James I's Time, when it was 
 made over to the Feoffees of Gilbert Earl 
 of Shrewsbury. It is now, or lately was, 
 the Inheritance of the Heirs of William, 
 and John Dukes of Newcaftle. The 
 King's Houfe here is quite demolished, 
 and fcare any Ruins arc left of it. The 
 Park abounded with many {lately Oakes, 
 'till the Rebellion in King Charles I's 
 Reign, when they were cut down and 
 fold. 
 
 Clumbre contained two Manors of Ro- 
 ger de Bujli's, which before the Conqueft 
 were the Fee of Adeloval, and "Ulchil, 
 two Saxons ', but were held by Roger of 
 the King's Manor of JMansfeld. Several 
 Parts of this Town were given to the 
 Abbies of Neivjiede and Workfop, which 
 at the Diflblution were granted by King 
 Henry VIII. Part to Roger and Robert 
 Taverner, Reg. 36. and Part to John Bel- 
 loiv, and Robert Bigot, Reg. 38. 
 
 CoJlingthivait, an Hamlet of Cukeney, 
 Parcel of the Pofleffions of the Priory 
 
 of Walbeck, which at the Diflblution was 
 fold with the Manor of Cukeney, and 
 Tithes, to Sir George Pierpoint, whofe Po- 
 fterity, now Dukes of Kingston, enjoy 
 it. 
 
 Cukeney, or Cakeney, a Town famous 
 for fo many Hamlets ; as Bonbusk, Belgh, 
 or Betters, Collingtbwait, &c. of which 
 we have already given an Account of 
 fome, and fliali hereafter of the Reft. 
 The principal Part of it was the Free- 
 hold of Siuen the Saxon before the Con- 
 queft, and the Fee of Hugh Fitz-Baldric 
 after; but there were befides two other 
 Manors held by Alric, and UIJi, Saxons, 
 'till the Conqueror gave them to Roger 
 de Bujli. Joceus de Flemang, who came in 
 with the Conqueror, obtained a third 
 Part of a Knight's Fee here, and upon 
 the Death of an old Saxon, Drenghe, or 
 Knight, who held two Carucates of 
 Land of the King in Capite, by the Ser- 
 vice of fliooing the King's Palfrey upon 
 all four, and died without Heirs, his : 
 Son Richard obtained thofe Lands, doing 
 the like Service, and his Pofterity be-; 
 came chief Lords in this Place. Of this 
 Family Thomas de Flemingh, or de Cukeney , , 
 built a Cattle upon his Lands here, and 
 founded the Abbey of Welbeck and en- 
 dowed it; but leaving only one Daugh- 
 ter and Heir, Ifabel, who by -Simon Fttz- 
 Simon had three Daughters, Co-heirs, 
 their Lands here and elfewhere, went 
 by Marriage into the Family of Faucon- 
 berge, who confirmed the Gifts of Thomas 
 de Flemingh to the Abbey of Welbeck, and 
 procured a Market, and Fair (long fince 
 difufed) and Free-warren in this Manor, 
 which Sir Henry de Fauconbergh at length 
 fettled, with fcveral of its Hamlets, up- 
 on the faid Abbey, all which they enjoy- 
 ed 'till the Diflolution, when the Manor 
 of Cukeney was fold by the Crown, with 
 all its Hamlets, and the Tithes of Corn, 
 and Hay, and other the Appertenances, 
 to Sir George Pierpoint, whole Poftcrity, 
 now Dukes of Kingjion, .enjoy them. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, and 
 
 was valued at io/. when the Abbot of 
 
 Welbeck was Patron. 'TiV now valued in 
 
 the King's Books at o /. 8 j. 6d, and the 
 
 i , Duke
 
 NO rriNG HA M SHIR E. 157 
 
 Duke of Kjngflon, we fuppofe, is Patron, Flemlnghs ', but the chief Manors, were 
 though Robert Pierpoint Efq; is an Owner the Pofleflions of the Markhams, and 
 
 Swifts, for Sir Robert Swift died feizcd 
 of it. 
 
 Here were divers Lands belonging to 
 religious Houfes, given by, i. Adam de 
 Wellum, who with the Confent of his 
 Heirs, for the Health of his own, Wife's, 
 Father's, Mother's and all his Anceftors, 
 Souls, fettled on the Church of St. Mary 
 of Blithe, the whole Meadow, fituate on, 
 or near the Mill in this Place, and John 
 de Flemivgh confirmed his Gift. Jeffrey 
 de Kirktone alfo gave to the faid Church, 
 
 Mare fey weje Lords of fome Parts of one Selion in this Parifli ; and Gerbert ds 
 it. Elkejlay gave three Dales of his Land 
 
 Edenftow, a Berue of the King's great here. The Abbey of Rufford had alfo 
 
 in this Town. 
 
 Dray ton Weft had two Manors, of 
 which the Saxons, Suen, and Uljtan were 
 Lords before the Conqueft, and Roger de 
 Bttfll after, under whom two of his Men 
 farmed it. Roger of Poiffott had alfb 
 Pofleflions here, which had been Swain 
 the Saxon's, 'till the Normans wrefted it 
 from him. In after Times Thomas Fitz.- 
 WiUlam had here three Parts of a 
 Knight's Fee, which he held of the 
 Countefs of Ewe ; and the Family of 
 
 Manor of Mansfeld, of which the King 
 was Lord ; but the People had the Pa- 
 fture and Hay of certain Lands of the 
 King's, called BlUehag, and Birkland. 
 The Town being -within the Foreft of 
 Shirwood, had a Fair granted it for two 
 Days every Year, which was granted by 
 King Henry IV. Reg. 4. and King Henry 
 VI. Reg. 13. and the People had a Li- 
 cence to pull down their Houfes within 
 
 three Tenements, and two Bovats in this 
 Place, 35 Edw. III. then held by Johnde 
 Langvlllers. The Grange of this Town 
 belonged to the Priory of Matterfey, and 
 was gran ted "at the Diflblution by King 
 Henry VIII. Reg. 38. to John Bellow, and 
 Roger Bigot, and their Heirs. 
 
 The Re&ory, and Church of this- 
 Place with their Appertenances, belong- 
 ed to the Monaftery of Welbeck, which ; 
 
 the Foreft, and carrying them out of it, had alfo the Donation of the Vicarage, 
 
 valued then at ten Marks ; but after the 
 Diflblution was given to Richard Wen- 
 low, and Richard Field, and their Heirs ; 
 but the Vicarage pafled to the Earl of 
 Clare, fince Duke of Newcajlle, in whofe 
 
 fet them up elfewhere. The Royalties 
 and Waftcs of this Town, are at prefent 
 the Inheritance of the late Duke of 
 Newcajlle's Heirs, by a fpecial Agree- 
 ment with the Crown. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Church belongs Heirs we fuppofe the Patronage to be 
 to the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln, who ftill. It is valued in the King's Books 
 alfo have the Patronage of the Vicarage, 
 valued anciently at 5 /. but is now in 
 the King's Books I4/. Henty de Eden- 
 flow gave, 14 Edw. III. one Mefluage, 
 
 at this Time, at 37. 16 s. o <f. 
 
 Farwcrth, an Hamlet belonging to ' 
 Harworth, the Fee of Roger de Bujll, of r 
 which we find no more, than thefe 
 
 and one Bovat of Land, to two Chap- Things, viz. That Hamo de Burton gave 
 lains in this Church of St. Mary of Eden- to the Monks of Blithe, one Bovat of 
 jlow, which were held of the Church of Land in this Place; and that Ellas da 
 Lincoln at 14 d. per Ann. Moles gave the faid Monks, ren Pence ' 
 
 Elkejley, or Ekhejlelg, was held Part of Rent out of his Lands here, and Pafture 
 it of the King's Manor of Bodmefchell. for two hundred Sheep in them, bcfiJes 
 Here was alfo a Manor of Tayn-land, the Commons. As alfd that Ellas dt 
 held before the Conquert by Ulchel the Farewad gave them five Acres of Land 
 Saxon, and after it by Erwin the Prieft here ; and his Son Ellas confirmed his * 
 
 of King William. Roger de Bujll alfo had 
 two Manors here, which before the Con- 
 queft were Lochre s, and Ulchel's the Saxons. 
 The Bevercotes in after Ages had a confi- 
 derable Intereft here, as had alfo the 
 
 Father's Gift, and gave them one Cul- 
 ture of Land, called Ileved-lxvds, in this - 
 Place. 
 
 Fmlngley, was the Manor of Swain- the 
 Saxon's before theConqviefVand Giflcbcrt de' 
 
 Tyffi**
 
 NO f TING fU MS HIRE. 
 
 Tyfon's alter it; and from him, or his 
 Pofterity, pafled to the Family of JMcw- 
 Iray. In after Times there were divers 
 Claimants of this Manor, but at length 
 it became veiled in Sherburn, and Frokifier, 
 which laft had the Grange here, which had 
 belonged to the Priory of Matterfey, grant- 
 ed him "by Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 34. Sir 
 JMarti left it to his Heir Peter Frobijher 
 Efq; whofe Pofterity were living in this 
 Place, Anno Dom. 1612. 
 
 The Reftory of this Town was antient- 
 ly x^alued'a't twenty Marks, when the 
 Patronage was in the Family of Wiats, 
 in the latter End of King Henry VII's 
 Reign. 'Tis now valued in the King's 
 Books at 137. 5 s. 7 H. and the Patron- 
 age is in Mr. John Gibbons, or Robert 
 Harvey Efq; 'Tis a good Living. 
 
 Gayteford is an Hamlet of Workfop, 
 whole Manor was the Eftate of Thomas 
 de 'Furnival ; but held of him by Thomas 
 de Gayteford, by the Service of a fourth 
 Part of one Knight's Fee, 40 Edtv. III. 
 The Family of Gaytefords held it feveral 
 Succeflions, 'till by the Heirs general it 
 pafled to the Knights, LaJJels, and Rodes, 
 of whom Sir Francis Rodes Bar. Lord of 
 it, was High Sheriff of this County in 
 the Year 1671. 
 
 Gledthorp was ah Hamlet of Perlethorp, 
 the Fee of Roger de Bujli. Gilbert de Ar~ 
 Ms, Lord of Grove, who was a confide- 
 rable Owner here, did by the Confent of 
 his Son and Heir, give to the Church of 
 Welbeck, together with his Body, his 
 whole Land here ; as did alfo Thomas, 
 the Son of Ralph de Rher, his, referring 
 to himfelf and his Heirs, 8 s. per Ann. 
 The Abbey of Welbeck had a Grange up- 
 on their Lands here, which is long fince 
 alienated from "that Houfe ; but the 
 Place is now called Gledihorp-Grange. 
 The Manor was the Inheritance of the 
 late Duke of Newcajtle, and we fuppofe 
 is in his Heirs. 
 
 Harworth, or Hartworth, had three Ma- 
 nors in it, poflefled by Wade, Vlfiet, and 
 Wflan, three Saxon Lords before the 
 Conqueft; but all of them went to Roger 
 de Bujli after it. Fulco de Liforiis was Ro- 
 per's Tenant, or Man, whofe Pofterity 
 held it feme Time, 'till it was given to 
 i 
 
 the Countefs of Ewe, of whom Thomas 
 Fitz-WiUiams, and Albreda de Bajjingburn 
 held it. In latter Times this Town and 
 Hamlets were for many Years, the Inhe- 
 ritance of the Moretons, an ancient and 
 worthy Family in thefe Parts ; but it 
 Was much wafted 'by Anthony Moreton 
 Efq; whofe Son Robert fold ic to Mr. 
 WiUiam Saunderfon. 
 
 Some Lands in this Parifh were given 
 to religious 17 fes. i. By Fulco de Liforiis^ 
 who gave to the Priory of Blithe, two 
 Bovats of Land, and a Multure in this 
 Place, which Robert his Son, and others 
 of his Pofterity confirmed, -a. By Ralph 
 Frafer, the KingVMarfhal, who gave to 
 the Monks of the faid Houfe, two Bo- 
 vats more. 
 
 The Church of this Place, with the 
 Chapel of Scrleby, 'and Marton, were 
 granted by King John to the Church of 
 Roan in Normandy, and a Vicarage there- 
 upon inftituted. At the Diflblution this 
 Reftory was given, 6 Edw. VI. to the 
 Earl of Shrewsbury. The Vicarage was 
 before the Suppreflion in the Abbey of 
 Wejtminjier, and was then valued at n /. 
 The Duke of Norfolk is now Patron, and 
 the Value in the King's Books is 5 /. 9*. 
 Id. 
 
 The Mortons founded an Hofpital near 
 the utmoft Borders of this Parilh, juft 
 by Bawtree, with a Chapel to it, which 
 is yet ftanding, where the Family of 
 JMoretons had their- burial Place. The 
 laft of them that was buried there, was 
 Katharine the Widow of Gecrge JMoreton t 
 elder Brother of Robert, who fold the 
 Manor as above. 
 
 Hermejton, or Hermodejlon, is an Hamlet 
 of Hodfok, or Hodfak^ of which we find. 
 That in the Time of William Archbifhop 
 of York, 18 Steph. William de Clarifagio 
 and Avlce his Wife, Daughter and Heir 
 of WiKiam de Tenaia, gave to the Church 
 of St. Cuthbert at Radford, three Bovats 
 of Land in it, with the Common of the 
 Town, for the Souls of the faid William 
 de Tenaia, and Hugh Lcvelot; and for the 
 Redemption of their own Souls, and of 
 all their Parents, and Friends, as well 
 living as dead. And becaufe Hugh de 
 Cre/y, Lord of Hodfak, gave ibme Un- 
 
 eafinefs
 
 NO TflNQHA M SHIRE. 
 
 eafincfs to the Monks of Radford, in the 
 Pofleffion of the faid Bovats, King Henry 
 II. commanded him to fuffer the Monks 
 to enjoy them in Peace, otherwife his 
 Steward of Tikbill mould fee Right done 
 them ; whereupon the Monks had no 
 farther Difturbance ; but Roger de Cre/y, 
 and his Son William de CreJJy, confirmed 
 the faid three Bovats to them. The fame 
 Awe, Daughter of Wittiam de Tenaia, 
 did alfo with the Confent of William de 
 Clerfay her Husband, give to the Monks 
 of Blithe, the Hamlet of Holm in the Pa- 
 rim of Hodfak, and all Things belonging 
 to it. 
 
 Hejle, or He/lay, an Hamlet of Har- 
 wortb, of which we obferve nothing nor 
 table, but that John Flandrenjls of Ciaver- 
 burc, gave to God and the Monks of 
 Blithe, Ralph Fitz-bald, and his whole 
 Sequel, with all the Land, viz. nine 
 Acres, which he held of him here. 
 
 Hodfok, or Odefache, was the Manor of 
 1/7/2 before the Norman King came, who 
 gave it to Roger de Bujli. Turold de Lifo- 
 riis was his Tenant, and his Polteriry 
 held this Manor a while ; but the Fami- 
 ly of Creffi became Lords of it in King 
 Henry II's, or his Son Richard's Reign. 
 They held it long, but Iflue Male fail- 
 ing in Hugh de Crejfi, in the Reign of 
 King Henry IV. their Eftate was divided 
 between the Heirs of the Female Line, 
 the Markbams, and Cliftons, which laft 
 upon the Partition obtained this Manor, 
 and their Pofterity enjoy it to this Day, 
 or lately have parted with it. 
 
 Some Parcels of Land in this Parilh 
 were given to religious Ufcs. i. By Fa Ik 
 de Liforiis, who gave four Bovats to the 
 Monuftery of Blithe, out of his Lands 
 here. 2. By Ralph Coffard, who gave 
 alfo to the fame Monaftery fix Acres of 
 hi.s Dcmefne in Corfardthorp, now called 
 Cophwp, an Hamlet of Hodfok. 5. Roger 
 de CreJJy, alfo gave to God, St. Mary, 
 ^nd the Monks of Blithe, the Tithes of 
 all his Mills belonging to his Manor of 
 Hodfok, and the Monks there agreed to 
 fay perpetually four Mafles a Week, for 
 himfelf, Anceftors, and Succeflbrs, as 
 Well living as dead. 4. Hugh de Creffy, 
 alfo had a Liccnfe, 9 Rich. II, to give 
 
 feven Meffuages, and four Bovats of 
 Land, Part of them here, to three 
 Chaplains in the Chapel of St. J-ohn the 
 Evangelift near Elythe, becaufe the faid 
 Hugh had been guilty of Felony. 5. 
 William de Crejfi, Lord of Hodfak, and 
 Tfjomas de Hodefack, agreed concerning 
 the Chapel of the Town, to releafe ic 
 to the Commuity there. 
 
 Houston, Hottonc, or HoQune, the Fee 
 of Baldric the Saxon before the Conqueft; 
 but of Roger of Poiftou after, from whofe 
 Family it parted to the Earl of Lanca- 
 fier, and after him to Thomas de Longvil- 
 lers, in whofe Family having continued 
 fome Succeflions, it came to be called 
 Hougbton Longvillers. The Female Heir 
 of this Family, at length marrying Mal- 
 lovel Lord of Rampton, brought this Ma- 
 nor, and feveral other Eltates into his 
 Family, and after his Death to the 
 3tanhops, in which Family it continued, 
 'till J-okn Babington and Sanchia his Wife, 
 the Heirefs of the Stanbops, fold it to 
 Sir William Hoi Us the Anceftor of the 
 Earls of Clare; and fince Dukes of New- 
 cajtle, in whofe Heirs and Afligns it ftill 
 remaineth, unlels lately alienated. Den- 
 til Hollis, the firft Lord of this Family, 
 was created Baron of this Place, July 
 9, 1 6. Jac. I. and five Years after Eurl 
 of Clare, &c. 
 
 Near the Park Gate here, belonging 
 to the faid Du kes of Neivca file, was ere- 
 ed in the Year 1692. by Air. Henry Wai" 
 ters, late Steward to Gilbert and Jcbn 
 Earls of Clare, a Free-School for the 
 Benefit of this Parifh, Bothamfall, Elk- 
 fey, Gamfton, Weft Dray ton, Mill on and 
 Bevercotes, Villages near adjoining to if. 
 The School he thus endowed, viz- twen- 
 ty five Pounds per Ann. to the Matter 
 twenty Shillings per Ann. for Coals, ten 
 Shillings for Books for the pooreft Chil- 
 dren, and ten Shillings more for an En- 
 tertainment for the Vifitors, the Mini- 
 ftcrs of Exft and Weft Markbam, and 
 Kirton, who were once a Year to infpet 
 the Management of the School. 
 
 He alfo gave twenty Pounds a Year 
 for ever, towards the Maintenance of 
 four Minifters Widows, eich of them 
 to have five Pounds a Year for Life, ap- 
 pointing
 
 NOT? ING HA MS HI RE. 
 
 pointing i. That the School- mafter, 
 and Mmifters Widows, fliall be appro- 
 ved of, and admitted by the Vifitors a- 
 bovementioned, being nrft chqfen and 
 allowed by the Earl of Clare, Duke of 
 Ncivcajlle, and the Heirs and Succeflbrs 
 of that Family. 2. That .the Mmifters 
 and Church-Wardens of Bothamfal, fhall 
 receive the laid Legacies, and Sums out 
 of his Eftate at Sivinton, Thorpe, and 
 Hefly in Yorkfiire, from his Executor Mr. 
 Henry Shipton of "Yoxatt in Staffordjhire, 
 and his Heirs for ever, and pay them to 
 the School-Matter and Widows annually, 
 as is above ordered; and for their 
 Trouble in fo doing, fliall have twenty 
 Shillings paid by the lame Hands. 
 
 Here was a Chapel belonging to the 
 King's Manor of TikWl in Yerkfiire, as 
 many other Churches and Chapels here- 
 about did. 
 
 Howbeck, orHolbeck, an Hamlet belong- 
 ing to the Town of Cukeney, which be- 
 ing intermixed with the Manor of Wood- 
 toufe, was called Holkeck-Wooidhonfe. It 
 was by the Bifhop of Ely (as 'is above- 
 mentioned in Cuktitey] fettled with that 
 head Manor upon the Abbot and Con- 
 vent of W^lbeck, according to the Inten- 
 tion of Henry de Taivconlerge, who fettled 
 it on that Bifhop for that End. It re- 
 mained with the Abbey 'til! the Diflblu- 
 tion, when it was granted by King Henry 
 VIII. to George Pierpohit Efq , in whole 
 Pofterity, now Dukes of Kingfton, it 
 continues. 
 
 K'tlton, the Manor and Eftate of Sir 
 3"ko. Furn'mal, in 1361. 
 
 Langworth, an Hamlet of Cttkeney, fet- 
 tled with the Head Manor on the Abbey 
 of Welbeck, and after the Diflblution 
 granted to the Pierpo/nts, as above is faid 
 in Cukeney, and the Hamlet of Howbeck 
 and others. 
 
 Limpole, an Hamlet belonging to the 
 Manor of Harzvorth, of which we find 
 nothing more worth noting. 
 
 Lottnd, or Lund, a Berue of the Arch- 
 bifriop of York's Manor of Stton, yet 
 fome Part of it held of the King's Ma- 
 nors -of Bodmefcbel, and Tikblll. The Ma- 
 nor was Roger de Bujli's after the Con- 
 qucft, and Ulcbel the Sax<ns before. lo 
 
 latter Times the Strelleys had 'it; bifl? 
 wha were Owners after them, we find 
 not. 
 
 The Chantry of the Church of St. 
 John of Matterfey, had here a Mefluagef, 
 Tenement, and leveral Lands before the 
 Diflblution, in the -Tenure of Cuthbert 
 the Clark, which afrer it King Edward 
 \\.-Reg. 4. granted Mareh 7. to Walter 
 J-obfon Gent, and his Heirs. 
 
 Marlon, Mariune, or Marten, a Berue 
 of Harivorth, Roger de Bujli's Fee, and 
 held by Fulk de Liforiis. The Moretons 
 (who fcem to have their Name from that 
 Hamlet) had the Inheritance of this 
 Hamlet. In after Times the Family of 
 de Mart&n were Lords of this Place, but 
 .did Fealty to the Priory of Blithe, for 
 two Bovats of their Manor here, paying 
 a Rent of 4*. per 'Arm. 
 
 Here was anciently a Chapel, which. 
 was given by King John to the Church 
 of Roan in Normandy, as Part of the 
 Chapclry of Blithe, and was poflefled by 
 the Monks, 'till the DiiTolution, when it 
 was given to the Earl of Sfsrewsbury. 
 
 Matterfey, Merfey, or Madrtfftg, the 
 Manor of Earl Tofti before the Conqueft, 
 but holding of the King's Demefne at 
 Bodmefchel, and after the Conqueft Roger 
 He BuJlfS, holding one Bovat of the 
 Manor of Rampton. Another Part of 
 this Place was a Berue to the Archbifliop 
 of York's Manor of Satton. Here was a 
 Family who took their Name from this 
 Place, being called de Matterfey, or 
 Marefey, who were Lords alfo of Gamel- 
 jtone in this Wapentake. One of them 
 founded a Monaftery here, for Gllbertines, 
 before the Year 1190, and the Succeflbrs 
 of that Family endowed it, as we fhafl 
 more at large fhew, when we come to 
 our Hiftory of the Monafteries of this 
 County. While this Place was in the 
 Pofleflion of the Monks (for it was given 
 them by Ifabel de Char.cey, the Daughter 
 and Heir of Thomas de Marefey) the Pri- 
 or had Free-warren here, and a Market 
 and Fair. 
 
 Here are ftill fome Remains of the 
 Abbey, and a good Stone Bridge over the 
 
 Idle. 
 
 oj Ji .4 
 
 The
 
 NO 
 
 The Church was appropriated to the 
 Priory, 8 Edw. I. to repair the Lofles 
 the Monks had by a Fire, that then 
 happened among them ; but at the Dif- 
 folution it was given to John Neuil Efq; 
 whofe Heir being married to Sir Wittiam 
 Hickman, carried this Manor, with divers 
 other Eftates, into that Family. Sir 
 Willoughby Hickman Bar. his Descendant, 
 hath a good Seat here. The Vicarage 
 was then, as now it is, in the Archbi- 
 fliop of York's Patronage, and was va- 
 lued anciently at 8 /. but is now valued 
 in the King's Books at 6 1. 8 /. 9 d. 
 
 Here was in this Church before the 
 Diflblution, a Chantry dedicated to St. 
 jFohn Baptiji, which after it was among 
 other Things given, 7 Edw. VI. to Tho- 
 jnat Reeves, and George Cotton, with a 
 Mefluage, and Tenement in this Place, 
 and another in Heyton, to it belonging. 
 
 Merriel Bridge, which lies at the En- 
 trance of the fmall Townfhip of Merriel, 
 in York Road. The Town is efteemed in 
 the Parifti of Elkejley. Thomas Fttz.-Wil- 
 llam gave to the Monks of Blithe, his 
 Moiety of the Mill here, and all Things 
 appertaining thereunto, for thirty Shil- 
 lings, and half a Mark yearly, in which 
 the Archbifhop was bound for himfelf, 
 and Succeflbrs, for a Tenement in 
 Plumbtree Field. Richard de Marcham 
 held the faid Moiety of the Mill at 20 s. 
 per Ann. In the Reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth, this Manor was the Inheri- 
 tance of William Swift Gent. 
 
 Here was a Chapel, efteemed a Part 
 of the King's Manor of'Tickhill. 
 
 Milnethorp, an. Hamlet of Cukeney, 
 conveyed by the Archbifhop of York, to 
 the Abbot and Convent of Welbeck, as 
 Howbeck Woodhoufe, Langwath, &c. as a- 
 bove, and given to Mn Plerpolnt at the 
 Diflblution, as they were. 
 
 Moreton Little, and Northern, both of 
 them appendant to the King's great Ma- 
 nor of Bodmefchell, but Roger de Bujli's 
 Fee, after Alfrid, and Lufchell the Saxon 
 Owners were outed of them by the Nor- 
 mans. The Families of St. George, and 
 Vavafirs, were confiderablc Owners in 
 this Place. 
 
 Norton, an Hamlet of Cukeney, called 
 from it Norton Cukency, fo fe tried and 
 granted to the Pierpoints, as is above- 
 mentioned in Cukeney, &c. 
 
 Ordefoall, or Ordefal, Part of it belong- 
 ing to the King's Manor of Dunnam, and 
 that of Grove, yet Roger Bujll had four 
 Manors, which before the Conqucft be- 
 longed to the Saxons Ofward, Turjlattn, 
 Oderic, and Thttrjtan ; but the principal 
 Part of it went with Grove. In after 
 Times the Hercyes were the chief Owners 
 in this Place, and had Free- warren in it, 
 and from them it parted to the Mack- 
 worths, and one of the Family of Bever- 
 cote, a Lawyer of good Note, Counfel 
 for the City of York, and Feodary of 
 this County. His Daughter marrying 
 to Tbo. Cornwallis Elq; brought it to him, 
 who fold it to the Countefs of Devonfiire, 
 who fettled it upon Sir Edward Worthy, 
 her fecond Son. Part of this Townfhip 
 belonged to, and went with, the Manor 
 of Eaton. It hath a Paper mill in it. 
 
 Here was anciently (and probably may 
 be ftill) a Parcel of Land of twenty 
 four Perches, and twelve Perches of 
 Marifh, which are Frank- Aim oign, be- 
 longing to the Church of Eaton in the 
 Clay, and not a Lay-fee. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, and 
 was valued at twenty four Pounds, when 
 the Family of Hercyes were Patrons; but 
 it is now in the King's Books but ip/. 
 io/. 7 d. i. and Sir Francis Worthy is 
 Patron. In the Church here is a Monu- 
 ment, with an Epitaph in Verfe, for 
 Mr. Denmam Re&or of this Place, de- 
 fcribing him to be the Son of an Efquire 
 by the Father's Side, and a Knight's 
 Daughter, forced to fly in Queen Mary's 
 Reign, but reftored by Queen Elizabeth. 
 He built an Alms-Houfe here, and efta- 
 blifhcd fomerhing at Retford, for the 
 promoting Religion, but we find not 
 what. 
 
 Osberton, or Ostxrn'fione, an Hamlet of 
 Workfop Parifli, the Land of the Tay.tes 
 Elualne, and Vhiet, before the Conquctf , 
 and held of the King after it by Swan, 
 and Wviet. It was loon after the Elbte 
 of the Countef* of Ewe, and held of her 
 X ' by
 
 1^2 NOTTIN^ 
 
 by Mah'Jtn de llercy, by the Service of be- 
 ing her Difpenfer. In after Ages, Thomas 
 Chatvorth became Lord of this Place, 
 and his Pofterity held it divers Succef- 
 fions, and had Free-warren in it. It 
 was lately William Leeke's, Son and Heir 
 of Herbert Leeke of Halam, who had it 
 by his Wife, who Was of the Family of 
 Bolles of this Place, by whom he hath 
 Icfr an Heir or two. 
 
 Here were forne Lands given to reli- 
 gions Ufes by, I. Robert Fttz-Ranttlph, 
 v.<ho gave to God, and the Church of 
 St. Mary, and St. Cuthbert at Radford, the 
 Church of this Town, which William his 
 Son, and R bert his Grand Ton confirmed, 
 and Walter Archbifhop of fork appropri- 
 ated ro the fa:d Monaftery. 2. Robert 
 Son of the faid William, who gave cer- 
 tain Lands lying near the Wood of Os- 
 terton. .3. Thomas de Chatvcrth, who gave, 
 and granted to the Prior and Convent 
 of Workfap, a Way in this Place, which 
 Jyes between the Church-yard of this 
 Town on the Weft, and the Manor of 
 the Prior and Convent on the Eaft. 4. 
 The Priory of Wcrkfop had here alfo a 
 Grange, which was granted by King 
 Henry VIII. Reg. 32. to Robert Dight on Efq; 
 and his Heirs, paying for the faid 
 Grange 7 s. yearly. 
 
 The Tithes of the Corn and Hay of 
 this Hamlet, upon the Diflblutitm of the 
 Abbies, were by King Edward VI. fet- 
 tled upon the Bifhop of Lincoln', and as 
 we fuppofe, ftill belong to that See. 
 The Church of Wcrkfop is the Place of 
 Worfhip for this Hamlet, and feveral o- 
 thcrs in that Parifh. 
 
 Oulcctes, or Ulecotes, an Hamlet of the 
 Manor of St\rap, held by Fnlk de Liforiis, 
 Roger ete Bujli's Man, from whofe Pofte- 
 rity it came to the Creffyes, who though 
 Hugh Je Crrjp fettled it on Robert Ruffel of 
 TiHlll, and Cicely 'his Wife and their 
 Heirs, yet 1H11 were confidemble Owners 
 in this Place, to the Reign of Queen 
 Elizabeth, and probably yet may have 
 fomc Pofleflions here. From them this 
 Village hath long been called Otthotes- 
 Creffy. From the*" Ruffel s this Manor paf- 
 fed to the Sterapes, whofc Son firft rook 
 
 the Name of Oulcotes. His Name was 
 Philip, and was a great Man in his Time, 
 being Sheriff of Northumberland, and a 
 Judge Itinerant in Cumberland, Wejlmor- 
 land, and Lavcajliire. He left no Heirs, 
 and fo his five Sifters inherited his great 
 Eftate, and this Manor was the Lot of 
 the Second, called Margery, who mar- 
 ried Hammelin de Bugthorp, and begot on 
 her Jeffrey, whofe Son Ingeram de Weco1ts> 
 gave it to Roger D'Arci, and his Heirs. 
 
 The Lands given to religious Ufes in 
 this Parifh, were i. Four Bovats by Fulk 
 de Lifcriis, to God, and St. Mary of 
 Blithe, for the Love of God, and the 
 Souls of himfelf, Wife, and all his Ance- 
 ftors ; and two other Bovats he added to 
 the Alms of the faid Monaftery. 2. Robert 
 Ae Liforiis his Son confirmed his Father's 
 Gift, and added one Bovat of Land 
 more to it. 5. John Conjtalle of Chejter, 
 gave alfo to God, and the Church of St- 
 James at Welbeck, and the Monks ferving. 
 God there, all the Lands of his Fee in 
 this Town, held by WiU'tam Wytherfcote, 
 with all the Appertenances, as well in 
 Wood, as rn plain and arable Land, with 
 all his Sarts, &c. all which Roger his Son, 
 William his Brother, and Thomas his Son 
 confirmed. 4. Alan Cajlellan alfo gave 
 to the faid Church of Welbeck, Your 
 Acres of arable Lands in this Place, by 
 the long Ford, which William de Creffy, 
 then Lord of the Manor confirmed ; and 
 feveral other Lands in this Place, given 
 to the faid Houfe by feveral other Benc- 
 fa&ors ; and Roger de Creffy gave to God, 
 St. Mary; and the Monks of Blythe, half a 
 Bovat- of Land in this Place. 5. John de 
 Sterap alfo gave fome Lands here, to the 
 Abbey ofWefbeck. King Edward I. alfo by 
 his Charters dated at York, Reg. 19. grant- 
 ed to the Abbey and Convent ofWelbeck, 
 and their Succeflbrs, Free-warren in all 
 their Dcmcfne Lands here. The Abbey 
 of Welbeck had a Grange here, held by 
 Hugh de Creffy, which Queen Elizabeth, 
 Reg, 5. granted to Robert Hitchcock, and 
 J.hn Giffard, and their Heirs. 
 
 Perlethorp, or Peverelthcwp, called in 
 "Doniffday Book (as Dr. Thcroton judgeth) 
 Tkorp only, had in it two Manors, po^ 
 
 fefled
 
 NO TTING HAM SHIRE. 
 
 16$ 
 
 fed by Thurflan and Ulmar, Saxons, be- 
 fore the Conqueft ; but both made Roger 
 de Bujli's Fee after it. This manor was 
 by Roger de Bujli, or Ibme of his Heirs, 
 given to the Nuns of Haverholme in Lin- 
 colnfiire, and was by King Henry II. ob- 
 tained of them by an Exchange, for 4 /. 
 Land a Year in Orjtoti. King fohn, when 
 he came to the Crown, granted this Ma- 
 nor to Robert di Vetere Ponte, or Vipont, 
 who married Idonia, the Heir of the 
 Bullfs, or Bujli's. John de Vipont, Grand- 
 fon of the aforefaid Robert, had no Iflue 
 Male, and fo his Eftatc was parted be- 
 tween his two Daughters, Ifabell, and /- 
 donia, to which laft, who WHS married to 
 R"ger de Leyburn, this Manor came upon 
 a Partition. John de Leyburn was their 
 Heir, and leaving only a Daughter for 
 his Heir, named Idonia, me married to 
 John de Crumbwefl, and carried this Ma- 
 nor into his Family, and he procured 
 Free-warren upon it, and other his Ma- 
 nors, here and in Derbyfilre, From them 
 this Manor pafled to Edward le Defpencer 
 and his Pofterity ; and after them to 
 Richard Beattchamp Earl of Warwick, Rich- 
 ard Nevil, George Duke of Clarence, Rich- 
 ard Duke of Glccefter, and fo to the 
 Crown ; yet of late Years, Sir J-dbn By- 
 ron Knt. Mr. Lodge an Alderman of Lon- 
 don, and at length the Earl of Kfngfton, 
 in whofe Family, now Dukes, it now 
 refteth. This Hamlet is in the Pa- 
 rilh of Edenjlow, as Carberton, and fome 
 other Hamlecs are. 
 
 Radford, an Hamlet belonging to 
 Workfep, where William de Lovetct built a 
 Monaftery for Canons Regular of St. 
 Atigujtin, and having dedicated it to 
 God, St. Mary, and St. Cuthbert, endow- 
 ed it with diverfe Tithes, Lands, and 
 Rents (of which we fhall gix r e a full Ac- 
 ^bunt in ourHiftory of the Monafterics) 
 from whence the Monks are fometimes 
 called Canons of Radford, and fometimes 
 of Wcrkfop. 
 
 Ravby is an old decayed Town, annex- 
 ed and joined to Bilby, but Part of it is in 
 the ParifK of Blithe, and Part in the Pa- 
 rifli of Babworth. It was moil of it 
 Witfte in the Conqueror's Time; but 
 fome of it was held of the King's Manor 
 
 of BodmefcM, and another Part was Ro+ 
 ger de Bujli's Fee, which held of GJVW. 
 Here were lately certain Oaks, called 
 Ranby Oaks, noted for their Tallnefs and 
 Bignefs. The Family of Chawortls , and 
 Babingtons, had fome Pofleffions in this 
 Place. 
 
 RamTiitt, or RanefcMl, was the Fee of 
 Thomas Archbifhop of York before the 
 Conqueft, when it was Wafte, and fo con- 
 tinued all King Williams Time, Godric 
 the Saxon was Tenant, but the Fee of it 
 remained to the Archbiihop after the 
 Norman Settlement. The Her ryes, and 
 "Darcyes, had Ibme Pofleflions here. 
 
 It is fome Benefit to this Place, thai 
 it ftands in the Coach Road from Lon- 
 don to fork. It is in the Parifli of Blithe* 
 as is alfo Torworth, which has the lame 
 Advantages. 
 
 Ratdijfe, was an Hamlet of Workfcp, of 
 which we find nothing more. 
 
 Rufford, or Rugford, upon the River 
 Maun, the Manor of U/f the S*.xon be- 
 fore the Norman Invafion, and the Fee 
 of Gijlebert de Gaunt after, as all UTf's 
 Lands in thefe Parts were. It had Lands 
 in Bildefthorp and Wirch en field, belonging 
 to it. Gijlebert died in the Reign of Wil- 
 liam Rufits, and was buried in Bardney 
 Abbey in Lincolnjhire. He had two Sons, 
 Walter and Robert, Walter by Mind the 
 Daughter of Stephen Earl of Brit.in;-y., 
 had Gilbert his eldeft Son, who marrying 
 Roejta Countefs of Lincoln, became in her 
 Right Earl of Lincoln. H& founded sn 
 Abbey here, (called the Abbey of Rt<f- 
 ford} for Monks of the Cifertian Order, 
 in the Year 1148, and endowed them 
 with this Manor, which they held with 
 divers others to the Diflblution, as we 
 fhall hereafter fhew in our History of 
 the Monafteries. 
 
 By the Aa made 21 Hen. VIII. this 
 Monaftery was, with many others, dif- 
 folved, and the Lands coming into the 
 King's Hands, were firft demifed to Sir 
 John Markham Knt. for twenty one Years, 
 Reg 2 8. at iz /. 8 j. per Ann. Rent ; and 
 afterward fettled upon George Earl of 
 Shrewsbury and Waterford, and his Heirs, 
 of whom Sir George Savile, of Barrenly 
 in Linco!JI)ire } marrying M*ry the Grand- 
 X z daughter
 
 daughter of the faid Sir George, became 
 Owner of the faid Monaftery, and the 
 Lands and Lordfhips thereunto belong- 
 ing, and made it the Seat of his Family. 
 The late Vifcount Halifax, George Savile, 
 much enlarged and adorned it. It had 
 the Honour often of entertaing feveral 
 of our Kings, by Reafon it itood fo 
 commodious for hunting in Shirvuood 
 Foreft. - 
 
 Rumwood, a Town belonging to the 
 Foreft of Shirwood, of which we fliall give 
 as full an Account, as we can, when we 
 come to defcribe that Foreft. 
 
 Ryton, a Member of the King's great 
 Manor of Mansfield, fo that many of the 
 Tenements are ancient Demefne. It 
 hath long been, and was in the Year 
 1674, the Place of Refidence of a Fa- 
 mily named Eyre, which probably may 
 continue there itill. 
 
 Scofton, a fmall Village, that holds of 
 the King's great Manor of Mansfield, the 
 prime capital Mefluage whereof hath 
 for fome Time belonged to the Jefofpes. 
 
 The Tithe of Corn and Hay, &c. 
 arifing in this Place, were given by King 
 Ed-ward VI. to Henry Holbech Biihop of 
 Lincoln, and his Succeflbrs. 
 
 Scroby, or Scrooby, a Berue, or Hamlet 
 belonging to Suthn, the Manor of the 
 Archbifhop of York, who had Free-war- 
 ren here 1 7 Edw. II. In Queen Eliza- 
 beth's Reign, the Archbimops had here 
 a very fair Palace, not only greater, 
 and more qapacious than their Seat at 
 Southwell, but much more commodious 
 for Provifion, having a large Jurifdic- 
 tion on the north Side, confifting of very 
 many Towns thereabouts. It hath ftill 
 a fair Park belonging to it, but Archbi- 
 fhop Sands* having caufed it to be demi- 
 fcd to his Son Sir Samuel Sands, the 
 Houfe has been fb much neglefled, that 
 it is almoft fain fo the Ground. Mr. 
 Francis Sands is the prcfent Tenant. The 
 Road from London to York goes through 
 this Town. 
 
 The Church here was anciently a 
 Very fair one, but now is ruinous and 
 decayed. The Reftorv is appropriated 
 to the Archbimoprick or York ; and we do 
 not find that there was a Vicarage inlli- 
 
 tuted, and confequently how h is fup- 
 plied. 
 
 Serleby, the Manor of Aluric the Saxon 
 before the Conqueft, and Fee of Roger de 
 Bufli after, of whom Gijlebert his Man 
 held it. It came to the Mowbrays after 
 the Bujli's, and was by Roger de Mowbray 
 given to Maud de Moles, who married 
 Hugh de Serleby, in the Reign of King 
 John, or before. The Serlebys enjoyed 
 their Eftate here many Succeflions, and 
 had Free-warren in all the Demefne, 
 until Anthony Serleby Lord of it, in the 
 Beginning of the laft Century, having 
 no Iflue, fettled it upon Gertrude his Wife, 
 the Daughter of Ralph Leek of Hajla,nd 
 Efq; for her Life, and twenty one Years 
 after, in which Time the Heir of the 
 Serlebys being grown poor for want of it, 
 fold the Reversion to Mr. Saunderfon of 
 Blyth; but me marrying Sir George Cha- 
 ivorth, the other Part of the Serlebys E- 
 ftate was fold to that Family and became 
 their Inheritance. The Serleby's Arms 
 were. Gules a Crofle Moline, Arg. charg- 
 ed with Mullets of fix Points Sable, and 
 over all a Bendlet counter-cornpony Ar- 
 gent, and Azure, 
 
 Hugh de Moles gave certain Lands in 
 the Fields of this Place, and all the 
 Rents of them, to God, and the Abbey 
 of St. Mary of^Roch in Yorkfiire, and the 
 Monks there ferving God, to whom they 
 were after confirmed by Maud de Serleby 
 his Sifter. 
 
 Shireokes, an Hamlet of Workfop, which 
 William de Lovetot the Founder, and 
 Richard his Son, gave almoft all to the 
 Monaftery of Workjof, with the Mills, 
 and feveral dwelling Houfes. The Dif- 
 folution of the Abbey brought' this Ma- 
 nor into King Henry VIII's Hands, who 
 in the thirty eighth Year of his Reign, 
 granted to Robert Thornhlll, and Hugh 
 Thornhlll Gent, all the Manor, Demefne, 
 or Grange of Workfop, with the Apperte- 
 nances of Shireokes, beneath the Hamlet 
 of Shireokes, in the Parifh of Wcrkfop, 
 as alfo all the Mefluages, Lands, and 
 Tenements in this Place, and all the 
 Tithes of the faid Hamlet, lately be 
 longing to the faid Monaftery, to hold 
 to them and their Heirs, at the yearly 
 Rent of i /. 1 5 s. 4 d. cb.
 
 NO T ? ING HA M S HIRE. 
 
 Styrap, or EJtyrap, had tlirec Manors 
 in it before the Conqueft, pofleflcd by 
 Leving, Torchill, and Leuric the Saxons ', 
 but was the Fee of Roger de Bujli after, 
 and Bernard was his Man, or Tenant. 
 The Family de Liforiis had this Manor 
 after him. In taking an Inquifition at 
 Newarke, ^ Hen. V. Styrap was alledged, 
 and pleaded to be an Hamlet of Oulcotes, 
 but the Jury found it to be a Town of 
 itfelf. In latter Times Gerard de Styrap 
 was Lord of this Manor, and Father of 
 Philip de Oulcotes, who leaving only three 
 Sifters for his Heirs, among whom this 
 Manor, and fome other Eftates was di- 
 vided, if went by Marriage into divers 
 Families ; and in the Reign of King 
 Henry VI. were vefted in Matthew de 
 Blythe, and Agnes his Wife, who fettled 
 it by Fine upon Sir John Talbct Knt. Son 
 and Heir of John Earl of Shrewsbury, 
 whereby it is, or lately was, in the Fa- 
 mily of the Earls of Shrewsbury, or their 
 Heirs. 
 
 Some Lands in this Parifli were given to 
 religious Ufes by, i. FttJk de Liforiis, who 
 gave to the Abbey of St. Mary of Blithe, 
 in perpetual Alms, four Bovats of Land 
 in this Parifli. ^. Here was alfo a Mef- 
 fuage given to the Monaftery of Roche in 
 Torkjhire, the Giver not known, which 
 Q^EHzabeth, Reg. 5. gave to Roger Hitch- 
 cote, and John Gifford, and their Heirs, 
 being then in the Occupation of Richard 
 More. 
 
 SuckhoJme, or Sttlkholtn, a Berue, or 
 Hamlet of the Manor of Workfop, the 
 Manor, of which being in the Crown, 
 King Henry I. gave it to the Priory of 
 St. Ofwald at Nofel in Torkjhire, which 
 King Henry II. confirmed ; but the Pri- 
 ory held it of the Manor of Workfop, and 
 paid two Marks yearly Rent to it. In 
 the third Year of King Edward III. the 
 faid Prior and Convent of St. Ofwald, 
 claimed all Sorts of Privileges ; but the 
 Jury upon Inquiry could not find, that 
 they ever had in this Manor Infang- 
 theife, or Gallows, or Emendation of 
 Affix.e : but only View of Frank-pledge. 
 After the Diflblution of the Abbies, this 
 Demefne and Manor late belonging to 
 the 'laid Priory of Ofwald, was granted 
 
 by King Henry VIII. Reg. 37. with all 
 their Appertenances, to Margaret Leeh t 
 the Widow of John Leek Gent, for Life, 
 and the Remainder to her Son Henry 
 Leek and his Heirs, Remainder to her 
 right Heirs, paying the annual Rent of 
 1 1/. 131. 9 d. ob. In the Year 1612. it 
 was in the Pofleflion of Sir Charles Caven- 
 dijh, and after him defcended to his Po- 
 fterity, who at length became Dukes of 
 Newcajlle, and in their Heirs we fuppofe 
 it continues. Mr. Rollefton, Secretary to 
 the Duke of Newcajlle, had a Seat here, 
 which may (till be his Heirs. 
 
 Sutton, or Sudton, the Manor of the 
 Archbifhop of Tork before the Conqueft, 
 as it ftill continueth, with the north 
 Soke. In 1 6 Rich. II. Thomas Palmer 
 Parfon of Blaunkeney, had a Writ calied 
 Ad auod damnum, allowing him to give 
 to the Dean and Chapter of Lincoln, two 
 Meflnages, one Toft, one Bovat, thirty 
 five Acres of Land, and a Rood, two 
 Acres of Meadow, and 5 s. Rent, with 
 the Appertenances in this Place, which 
 were then held by Roger de Wefton, Pre- 
 bendary of the Prebend of Clargbburgb, 
 by the Rent of 3 s. 6 d. and doing Suit 
 at his Court in Clarburgh. It hath Lound 
 in it. 
 
 The Vicarage of Sutton, when the Sa- 
 crift of St. Mary at York was Parron, 
 was valued at io/. and is now of the 
 fame Value in the King's Books, the 
 Lady Sarah South being the Patronefs. 
 
 Thoresby is Part in Edenjlow, and an 
 equal Part hath ufually gone with Peve- 
 relthorp. It hath for fome Time been the 
 Earl of Khtffo**, and is now, or late 
 was, the Place of Residence of the 
 Honourable William Pierpoint, a younger 
 Son of that Family. 
 
 Thorpe, an Hamlet of Matterfey, given 
 by Ifabei de Chancy , with the head Manor 
 to the Priory of Matterfey, which had 
 Free-warren in both of them. Sir Tho- 
 mas Markham Kt. had considerable Pof- 
 feflions here, 22 Hen. VIII. At the Dif- 
 folution of the Abbies, King Henry VIII. 
 Reg. 31. granted to Anthony Nevil Efq; 
 the Manor and Lands of Thorp, lately 
 belonging to the Monaftery of Matterfey, 
 and his Heirs,
 
 \66 NO f Tl NG HA M SHIRE. 
 
 Tor-wort^}, Tcrthetvorthe, or Turdeword, 
 had two Manors before the Conqueft, of 
 which Brixi, and Cafcb'e were Lords, but 
 after the Conqueft they were Roger de 
 Bujli's Fee, but Azo the Prieft had it of 
 him. In 29 Efav. I. Hugh de Serleby was 
 Lord of this Place, but held it of the 
 Family of Moiv'oray, by the Service of a 
 Knight's Fee. He claimed to have Free- 
 warren in all his Lands here. 
 
 The Lands of this Hamlet given to re- 
 ligious Ufes are, i. One Bo vat of Land, 
 \vith the Appertenances, given to the 
 Abbey of Rocb in Yorkjlrire, by the Char- 
 ter of Maud de Moles, held by Alexander 
 Crafji ; as alfo one Culture of Land of 
 thirty eight Acres, and Failure for an 
 Hundred Sheep on the Commons, all in 
 this Place. She alfo gave to the faid 
 Monks, all the Lands, which the Men 
 of Blithe held of Hugh de Moles her Bro- 
 ther, and the Rents of thofe Lands. 
 2. Five Bovats of Land and an half with 
 sail their Appcrtenances here, given by 
 Hugh de Moles, for the Health of his own, 
 his Father's, Mother's, and all his Pre- 
 deceflbrs Souls, to the Church of St. 
 M*ry of Blith. 3. The Rent of three 
 Acres of Land, to be received yearly of 
 Roger Cnodis and his Heirs, given by Wil- 
 liam de Kelffalth, to the Prior and Con- 
 vent of Blithe afore Paid. 
 
 Walesby, was the Fee of diverfc Per- 
 fons, and belonged to the Manor of 
 Grlmflon, which was the King's , Tuxfcrd, 
 which was Rcger Bujli's ; Laxington, which 
 was Goisfrid de H-ifilin's ; and Hoftox, 
 which was Roger of Poiftou's. In after 
 Ages, this Manor ufually went along 
 with Kirkton, and had the fame Lords, 
 as the Bardulfs, Pitt-Ralphs, Aiarefeys, 
 &c. but the Monks of Rxfford met with 
 fo many Bcnefa&ors in this Place, that 
 at length they became the moft confide- 
 rablc Owners in it ; for 
 
 Reginald Urfel gave them in pure Alms 
 the Service, which Robert de Lexington was 
 wont to do him for one Fovat of Land, 
 which he held of him in this Place, viz. 
 a Pair of Iron Spurs, and two Pence 
 yearly, with all Reliefs, Wards, and 
 Efchcat*. .Ralph tie Wadeland alfo 
 ..gave them the whole Service, which 
 
 John de la Chaufe and his Brother, owed 
 him for the Lands, and Tenements they 
 held of him here, with their Homage,. 
 Rents, and Suits of Court. Hugh de 
 Fitz- Ralph alfo for the Safety of his own, 
 Wife's, and Sons Souls, gave them his 
 whole Demefne in Kirkton, and all his 
 Fee in Walesly. Robert de Laxton allb 
 for the Health of his Father's, Mother's, 
 and his own Souls, gave them one Bovat 
 here. All thefe Lands at the Diflblu- 
 tion of the Abbies, and many more, 
 were given to the Earl of Shrewsbury, as 
 will more fully be fhewn in our Hiftory 
 of the Monaftery of Rufford. 
 
 The Church, or rather Chapelry of 
 this Place, was a Part of the Chapelry 
 of BIythe, given by King John to Walter 
 Archbifhop of Roan, and his Succeflbrs, 
 and the Canons of that Church ; but af- 
 ward became a Member of the King's 
 free Chapel of Tikhill. The Vicarage 
 then belonged to the Abbots of Weftmln- 
 jter, and was valued at 8 /. The late 
 Lord Vifcount Halifax's Heirs, are now 
 the Patrons, and it is valued in the 
 King's Books at 61. is. 3 d. 
 
 Wallingwells of th Place. See Carleton 
 in Lindrick, and of the Monaftery, fee 
 our Hiftory of the Monafteries of this 
 County following. 
 
 Warfop, an Hamlet, Part of it belong- 
 ing to the King's great Manor of JWans' 
 feld, and Part of it Trf/Vland, the Free- 
 hold of the Saxons, Godrlc, Lemot and 
 Wchel, before the Conqueft, but Roger As 
 Bufli's Fee after. In later Times, the 
 Manor here often changed Lords ; for 
 in the 17 Hen. III. Robert de Lexington had 
 a Grant of it from that King, and in the 
 5 id. Year, Robert de Sutton was Lord of 
 it, but held it of that King in Capite. 
 This Family held it to the fecond Year 
 of Edward III. when John Nunnes of 
 London acquired it of John de Sutton, but 
 he pafled it the next Year to Sir John 
 Rocs Knt. of Hemlak, 1 1 Edw. III. from 
 whofe Family it deicended to the Earls 
 of Rutland. 
 
 Here were fome Church Lands given 
 by i. Oliva, Daughter and Heir of Alan 
 Fitz-Jordan, Lord of Tuxford, who being 
 a Widow, and in 'her own Power, gave 
 
 to
 
 NO TTING HAM SHIRE. 
 
 to the Church of PVelbeck and the Canons 
 there, a Meadow in this Place, called 
 Bradbetig. i. Eva Murdac, Wife of Hugh 
 Brett, who gave to the faid Abbey and 
 the Monks thereof, .one Mefluage, with 
 a Toft, and one Bovat of Land, which 
 was of her own Inheritance, defcended 
 to her from her Brother William de 'Lon- 
 don. 
 
 The Re&ory of Warfop, was valued at 
 twenty Pounds, when the Lord RODS was 
 Patron ; but is now in the King's Books 
 22/. 15 s. ^d. ob. and William WiUoughby 
 is Patron. 
 
 Welbeck, famous for its Monaftery only, 
 
 which we fhall account for in our Hifto- 
 ry of it hereafter, to which we refer our 
 Reader; fince the, Diflblution, the Mo- 
 naftery is become the Scat of the New 
 caftle Family, who have made it very 
 fine. The River Idle hath its Rife not 
 far from this Place. 
 
 The Reprefen tnrives in Parliament for 
 this County have been, for divers Suc- 
 ceflions of our Kings, eight; but Cw/t- 
 well, when he was io&aJted Protector, 
 modelled them thus. For the County 
 four, and Town two, leaving out New- 
 ark and Eaji Retford, which now fend. 
 
 find none of our Nolility, zvho took their Titles 
 of Honour from this Shire, but from the Town 
 of Nottingham, where we have given a Lift of 
 their Succejfion, and therefore Jhall proceed to give 
 an Account of the BARONETS, . 
 
 SIR Gervafe Clifton of Clifton, Knight 
 of the Bath, created May 22, 1611. 
 Bar. 13. 
 
 John Mollneu-x of Taverfal, Efq; crea- 
 ted ditto. Bar. 38. 
 
 Hardolph Wajlneys of Heaclon, Efq; created 
 Dec. n, 1622. Bar. 197. 
 
 Thomas WiUiamfon of Eaft Markkam, 
 Efq; created June 3, 1642. Bar. 393. 
 
 Edward GoMing of Colfton Ba/et, Efq; 
 created Sept. 27, 1642. Bar. 416. 
 
 William WtllottgUy of Willoughfyy Efq; 
 created Aug. 4, 1660. Bar. 544. 
 
 Francis Leeke of Newarke upon Trent, 
 Efq; then Governour of Gravefend, cre- 
 ated Dec. 15, 1663. Bar. 733. 
 
 Sir Edward Nevil of Grove, Kt r created 
 Feb. 24, 1674. Kan Sl 7- 
 
 Francis Wilkugbby of Wollaton, Efq; 
 with Remainder for want of Iffue Male, 
 to Thomas his Brother, and the Heir* 
 Male of his Body, created Apr. 7, lo^. 
 Bar. 832. 
 
 Thomas Parkins otBomjey, Efq; created 
 May 1 8, 1681. Bar. 859. 
 
 Perfons
 
 1 68 
 
 NOfflNGHjM SHIRE. 
 
 Perfons of Note, who were born in, or inhabited this 
 County, but the Places are not known. 
 
 THomas Horn, Son of William Horn 
 of Caffal in this Shire, was a Stu- 
 dent in Magdalen Hall in Oxford, where 
 he commenced Matter of Arts in 1635. 
 About that Time he took upon him the 
 Employment of a School-matter, and 
 having taught as fuch at London, Leicefler, 
 and Tunbridge, was, for his Merit, pre- 
 ferred to be the School-matter of Eaton 
 near Windfor, where he remained to his 
 dying Day. He hath written feverai 
 Books ufeful in his Art, viz> 
 
 jFanua Linguantm, printed at Land. 1634, 
 taken moftly out of Comenius'sjanua. Lin- 
 guarttm, correfted and amended by John 
 Rolotharn, and again reviewed by Will* 
 "Dugard, Lord, 1659. 
 
 AJaKuductio in &dem falladis, &c. Land, 
 1641. 
 
 Rhetcric* compendium Latino- Anglic f t 
 Lond. 1651. 
 
 William Holder, Do&or oF Divinity of 
 Cambridge, was a Nottinghamshire Man, e- 
 ducated in P^wArofo-Hall, where having 
 commenced Matter of Arts, he foon af- 
 ter became Reftor of Blechingdon in Ox- 
 firdfiire. After King Charles's Reftora- 
 tion, he was made a Canon of Ely, and 
 St. Paul's, Fellow of the Royal Society, 
 Snb-dean of the Chapel, and Sub-almo- 
 ner to that King. He was a great Vir- 
 tuofo, and got himfelf a great Name by 
 his wonderful Art, in making a young 
 Gentleman, Alexander Popham, Son of 
 Coll. Edward Ptpham, who was born 
 Deaf and Dumb to fpeak ; How he did 
 it, he tells us in a Difcourfe of the Ele- 
 ments of Speech, which he wrote for 
 that Purpofe, and to promote a publick 
 Good. But the young Man being taken 
 from him too young, or before he grew 
 perfc& in his 'Speech, loft what he had 
 been taught by this Door ; and was 
 fcnt to Dr. Wallis of Oxford, (who had 
 recovered the Speech of a young Gentle- 
 
 man, one Mr. Whattey) to reftore his 
 Speech again, which Dr. Wallis having 
 effe&ed, he vainly aflumed the Glory of 
 it to himfelf, without taking Notice of 
 Dr. Holder, the firft Inventor of it, be 
 fure in England, if not in the World. 
 This provoked Dr. Holder to vindicate 
 himfelf, againft Dr. Wallis, in a Treatife 
 which he calls, 
 
 A Supplement to the philofopHcal Tranfac- 
 t'tons of July, 1670. to which Dr. Wallis 
 publiihed an Anfwer foon after ; and fo 
 the Controverfy ended. He has written 
 alfo, 
 
 A Treatife of Mttjick, in the Theore- 
 tick, and Praftick Parts, of which Art 
 he had good Skill. 
 
 Robert Bajlon, born not far from Not- 
 tingham, a Carmelite Friar of Scarborough. 
 King Edward II. took him with him into 
 Scotland, to write fome Memorials of his 
 Expedition ; but being taken by the 
 Scots, was forced by Robert Bruce the Scots 
 King, to frame a Ditty to a contrary 
 Tune. Hoi. 342. 
 
 Robert (beft known by the Name of 
 Robin} Hood, a Man perhaps as famous 
 as any for his Villanies, and odd Kinds 
 of Virtue. Few of our Hiftorians pa- 
 fing him over without fome notable Re- 
 marks, We could not omit him, though 
 nigro carbone notandus, for his Robberies, 
 yet fomething to be regarded for his 
 Kindnefs and Gentlenefs, being as Mr. 
 Cambden defcribes him(N"orf& RidinglCork- 
 Jbire') from John Major the Scotch Hiftori- 
 an. A leading Robber indeed, but a 
 moft kind and obliging one, Prxdo mitif^ 
 Jimus. We place him here, not for his 
 Birth-place, nor fcarcely for his Habita- 
 tion (for we do not find he dwelt, or fet- 
 tled any where) but becaufe he had his 
 common Abode with his roguifli Com- 
 panions in Shire<wood Foreft, though he 
 had another Haunt near the Sea, in the 
 North-Riding in Yorl:Jlrire t where Robin 
 
 Hood's
 
 NO ff 2 NG H4MS HIRE. 169 
 
 H<Ws Bav ftill retains his Name. Not into a Detail of his Life and ASions, 
 that he uled the Sea at all ; but after his but fhall give our Reader his Chara&e r 
 
 Robberies retreated to thofe unfufpeSed 
 Places for Security. We {hall not enter 
 
 from Drayton the Poet, in his 
 p. 123. 
 
 From wealthy Abbots Chefts, and Churl es abundant Store, 
 What often Times he took, he fhar'd among the Poor: 
 No lordly Bifliop came, in lufty 'Robin's Way, 
 To him before he went, but for his Pafs mult pay. 
 The Widow in Diltrefs he generoufly releiv'd, 
 And remedied the Wrongs of many a Virgin griev'd. 
 
 Dr. Putters Refle&ion upon him is, who 
 made htm a Judge, or commiflioned 
 him, to take, where it could be fpared, 
 to give to them that wanted, viz* the 
 Widow in Diftrefs. None furely could, 
 but for one Theif to extort -from an- 
 other, the Robber from the Oppreffor, 
 and to vindicate the injured helplefs 
 Virgin, hath fuch a Shadow of Goodnefs, 
 as rendered his Vices not fo much con- 
 demnable ; and for that Reafon perhaps 
 he cfcaped the Gallows, and for ought 
 we know died in his Bed. He lived in 
 the Reign of Richard I. about the Year 
 1100. 'Tis faid of him, that he never 
 murdered any Man, but often killed 
 Deer, with which he ufually fcafted the 
 Neighbourhood, where he eat the Veni- 
 fon. He was merry, but never mifchie- 
 vous; and when he took a Purfe, he 
 civilly demanded it, refpe&fully "ufed 
 his Benefa&ors, and thankfully received 
 it, difmiffing them with Compliments ; 
 for though he would not be denied, he 
 fcorned to be rude ; from him thefe Pro- 
 verbs were taken up in this Shire firft, 
 that are now ufed all England over. 
 
 Many talk of Robin Hood, wit never 
 fiot in bit 
 
 This Saying is ufed to decipher fuch 
 Perfbns as difcourfe (or prate)" of Mat- 
 ters in which they have no Skill, or Ex- 
 perience. 
 
 To fen Robin Hood'/ Ferny-worths. 
 
 This is fpoken of Things fold half for 
 nought, or for half their Worth. Robin 
 came lightly by the Wares he fold, and 
 as eafily parted with them ; (b that he'd 
 afford to Meafure a Yard of Velvet by 
 his long Bow. Where-everj he went, 
 he made a Fair, Plenty of Chapmen 
 crowding upon him to buy his ftolen 
 Goods. Surely another Proverb was not 
 then in Being, The Recelvtr it as bad /is 
 the Tbeif, or People would not have been 
 fo forward to buy of him ; but then Par- 
 dons were cheap, and almoft a* freely 
 difpenfcd, as Robin's Bargains, and both 
 alike unlawful. 
 
 The
 
 NO?? ING HA MS HIRE. 
 
 
 ' 
 . 
 
 .1 9 
 
 
 The Natural Hiftory of this. County 
 
 N Attire hath as well provided this 
 County with Neceflaries for hu- 
 man Life, as any in England. 'Tis not 
 one of the blggertj but bcft, all the Ele- 
 ments here ihewing themfelves in their 
 lixcellency. The Air is here moft pure, 
 clear and healthy, of which it might be 
 a fingular Demonftration, that there are 
 fo many Noblemens Seats in it. It a- 
 bounds with Waters in all Refpefts ufe- 
 ful and profitable. The noble River 
 Trent (which fome Antiquaries of lefs 
 Note have called in Latin, Triginta, 
 from its Affinity with the French Word, 
 which Signifies that Number) after it 
 hath entrcd this County at Thrvmpton, 
 almoft at the Southern Limits of it, paf- 
 feth quite through it, as far as the Nor- 
 thern utmoft Bounds, being from Dun- 
 ham in Newark Wapentake, the Boun- 
 dary between this and Lincolvflrire. This 
 River- befides, that it abounds with ex- 
 cellent Fifh, and particularly Salmon, 
 enriches the Country with fruitful and 
 delightful Meadowing, and Pafture; and 
 being replenimed continually with the 
 Fall of uvclve or thirteen confiderable 
 Rivers into it, bears a Stream big e- 
 fcough for Navigation. /.Mineral, and 
 Chajybiate Waters are not fo plentiful 
 here, as in fome other Countreys (or at 
 leaft have not been inquired into fo 
 nicely, as in.Nortbartiptorfiire, 8cc.) but 
 it doth not want them ; fgr about a Mile 
 from Eaft Relford, is a Well called St. 
 Join's Well, famous of late for a great 
 Number of Cures effc&ed by the Waters, 
 \vhich arc cold. 
 
 The Soil here is very fruitful in Grain, 
 and Pafture, whereby all Sorts of Cattle 
 arc fupported, and propagated ; but it 
 is generally reckoned of two very diffe- 
 rent Kinds, viz- fandy and clayic, 
 'jvJvoh the Inhabitants diltinguim by the^ 
 Sand, and Clay, the Southern Half be- 
 ing of the former Kind, and the Nor- 
 thern of the latter; but this Divifion 
 fcrves for the Eaftern Side chiefly, the 
 
 Weftern being- almoft -wholly taken up 
 with ShlrivQod Foreft, which we fhall now 
 dcfcribc. 
 
 This Foreft extends itfelf 'into three 
 Wapentakes, Broxtow, Thurgarton a Lee, 
 and Bajfitlaw. When it was firft made 
 we do not find. It is mentioned in the 
 Reign of King Henry II. but 'tis plain, 
 it was a Foreft before ; for William Peve- 
 rel in the Reign of King Stephen, Reg. 5. 
 doth anfwer de placitis Forejte, in this 
 County, and he feems to have had the 
 whole Profit, and Command of the Fo- 
 reft for his Eftate. After him it devol- 
 ved to the Crown, and was managed by 
 the Sheriffs for the Time being, who 
 had an Allowance out of the Rents of 
 61. 5 j. paid to the Conftable, eight Fo- 
 refters, and a Warrener, and 40 /. ta 
 the Canons of Shlrewood, i. e, Newjtede t 
 then newly founded by King Hen. II. 
 
 In the ancient Foreft- Books, there is 
 the Copy of a Charter made by King 
 John, when he was Earl of Moreton, to 
 Mitild.1 de Caux, and Ralph Fitz-Stephens, 
 and the Heirs of the Former, of all the 
 Liberties and free Cuftoms, which any 
 of her Anceftors held, and enjoyed 
 at any Time, in the Foreft of Netting- 
 hamfiire. John Bitkhi was her Heir, and 
 Thomas Birking his -Son, his. He left it 
 to Everingham, whofe Pofterity forfeited 
 it to the Crown in King Edward I's 
 Reign, fince which Time it hath been 
 granted by the. Princes to Noblemen and 
 Gentlemen, as a Mark of fpccial Favour;, 
 but the State of the Foreft remained ac- 
 cording to the Difpofuion of the Everlng- 
 harrrs, which was this. 
 
 The Foreft Officers of SMrenvocd were 
 diftributed into three Parts, under whom 
 there were three Keepings, viz. i. Be- 
 tween the Llnde and Doverbeck, which was 
 to ha\'e one Forefter, riding with a Page, 
 two Forefters on Foot, two Verderers, 
 and two Agifters. In this Keeping there 
 was three Hays, Beskivood, L'wdby, and 
 2. The high Foreft, which was 
 
 to
 
 NO ffINC 
 
 to have two Forefters riding with each 
 of them a Page, two Forefters on Foot, 
 two Verderers, and two Agifters. In 
 this Keeping are two Hayes, Birkland, 
 and Blliahay, and the Park of Clipjton ; 
 and in thefe Hayes and Park, two Ver- 
 derers, and two Agifters. 3. Rumwood, 
 which had two Forefters on Foot, one of 
 Carfinrion^ and another of Budky, two 
 Verderers, and two Agifters. The Per- 
 ambulation- of the Foreft was taken by 
 Commiflion -16 Hen. III. and though 
 there were fome Dilafforeftations after- 
 ward, yet they were refumed, fo that 
 that Perambulation remains to this Day, 
 without any confiderable Alteration. 
 Dr. Thoroton hath fet down the Bounds 
 of the Foreft particularly, that Men 
 may know, whether they are within, or 
 without the Foreft, as they pleafe. Vide 
 Tlwr. Not. 5od. 
 
 The State of this Foreft at prefcnt 
 is this. It confifts of a Warden, his 
 Lieutenant and a Steward, a Bow-bearer, 
 and a' Ranger, fpur Verderers, twelve 
 Regarders, four Agifters, and .twelve 
 Keepers, or Forefters in the main Foreft ; 
 all of them reduced under the chief Fo- 
 refter the Earl of Chejlerfield and his 
 Heirs, whofe Father Sir J-ohn Stanhope. 
 had the fame, granted in Fee, with Li- 
 berty to deftroy, and kill at their Plea-' 
 fure, rcferving an hundred Deer in the 
 whole Walk. The twelve Foreft-keepcrs 
 were thefe, one of Mansfield, one of 
 Mansfield Wood-Houfe y one of Annejley- 
 H'tlls and Newftede, one of Papplewick, 
 one of Rumwood and Oftvald, one of Ruf- 
 ford, one of Blttahxyy one of Birkeland, 
 one of Cafoerton, one of Fawesfeld, one of 
 Langton- arbour and BUdwerth, and one of 
 Sutton in Afifield. The Duke of Newcaftte 
 was Warden of this Foreft in King Charles 
 II s Reign ; and we fuppofc that Truft is 
 continued to his Heirs. To him belongs 
 the perpetual placing of the Keeper of 
 Rumwood and Ofwald. The Keeper of 
 Ritfford's Place, is the Inheritance of Sir 
 WiU'iam Savll Lord of Rufford, or his 
 Heirs. AnneJley-Wtts , Papplewick and 
 Newftede, belong to the Family of Byrons 
 Lords of Newjlede. The Reft of the- 
 Walks are in the Difpofal df the Warden 
 
 E. 171 
 
 of the Foreft. There are befidcs, as 
 Members of the Forefts, feveral Wood- 
 wards for every Townfhip within the 
 Foreft, and for every principal Wood, 
 one. 
 
 On the fame Weftern Side bordering 
 upon Dirbyjl}ire t from which if is parted 
 near half Way by the Rivers Era;,?//;, 
 and Meden, which runs into the Idle at 
 Perlthorp, a River which waters almoft 
 all the Northern Parts ; there is found 
 in feveral Places a moft excellent Sort 
 of Coal, of the fame Nature with the 
 Pit-coal of .Lancapire, and Ytrkjlftre, but 
 more un&ious and fulphurous. The Soil 
 here, efpecially about the Foreft, is not 
 fo fertile; but was as plcafant as any 
 Part of the Shire, till that abominably 
 Deftru&ion of the Woods, was made by 
 the Connivance, or Negligence of the 
 Woodwards, who like other Officers in 
 moft Places, love the Profits of their 
 Places, more than the Pains, and feck 
 to plunder more than prcferve. 
 
 Quarries of Stone are not fo plentiful 
 as in fome other Counties, but \ve are 
 informed, that Gotham yields' a Sort of 
 rugged Stone, with fuch. delicate Veins, 
 as exceeds the Beauty of Marble. Tue 
 Soil indeed is fo rich in moft Places, 
 that the ' common Manure is fnfficienr, 
 with the ufual Tillage to keep' 'up irs 
 Fruitfulnefs ; but yet there hath been 
 found in fome Parts of the County, 
 Marie of feveral Sorts, which i* a great 
 Improver of Lands, and may be very 
 ufeful in the fandy Lands here. 
 
 This County hath fome Herbs peculiar 
 to it, or very rare clfesvhere, v>z- 
 
 Caryophillus minor rspens noftrat, i- e. The 
 purple creeping Alountain Pink, on a 
 fandy Hill by the Road going from Len~ 
 ton to Nottingham, and in* bther fandy 
 Places. 
 
 Gram'en. tremulum albis Glmnis, . a Plant 
 not well known, but to be inquired afrer 
 by the Curious, faid to grow rn an hoi- 
 low Lane, between "Peafety and MAHS- 
 fel'd, by P. B. 
 
 Glycyrrhiza vtttgaris common Liquorifh, 
 much planted and cultivated for Sale at 
 Wc-rlfpp, and other Places in this County, 
 which we ihoulcT not have mentions!, 
 Y 2 bec.ufc
 
 172 
 
 NO ?T1 NGHAM SHIRE. 
 
 bccaufe it is now planted in fo many o- 
 iher Places, efpecially about London ; but 
 kacaufe, as England affords the beft Li- 
 qiioriih in the World for fome Ufes r 
 that of thia County is thought the beft in 
 England* 
 
 Lyclnis Sihejlris Alba, white wild Catch- 
 fly, on the YValls of Nottingham Caftle,. 
 and Grounds by them. 
 
 Verbafcttlum fuherulentum, &C. Hoary- 
 Mullein, about WoUerton-Htll. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY of thh County. 
 
 THIS County of Nottingham is Part 
 of the Diocefe of the moft Re- 
 verend the Arehbimop of York, and tho* 
 it hath no Ecclefiaffical Dignitary that 
 bears its Name, but the Archdeacon of 
 Nottingham, who is-at prefent Mr. Robert 
 Jviarfden, yet herer feerrrs to Be another 
 Cathedral as if were of the Archbifilop 
 f York's, he being the Head" and Patron 
 cf the ancient Cathedral Church of 
 
 Southwell, or Sudwell, which had anci- 
 ently a Dean, Archdeacon, feveral Pre- 
 bendaries, and other Dignitaries, be- 
 fides infcriour Officers, as in Cathe- 
 drals ; though ficce the new Eftablifli- 
 jfient by Queen Elizabeth (for in King 
 Henry VIII's Reign, it was involved in 
 the common Fate of the religious Houfes, 
 and fo difiblved) it hath only fixteen 
 Prebendaries, fix Vicars Choral, an Or- 
 ganift, fix firging Men, five Chorifters, 
 and one Verger. The beft Account we 
 have of it is this. 
 
 The Foundation of this Collegiate 
 Church, which is dedicated to the Vir- 
 gin Maty, is certainly very ancient, 
 though there is a Difference among our 
 Antiquaries about it. Mr. Canteen, and 
 Sir Edward' Coke the Learned Lord Chief 
 Juftice of England, are of Opinion, That 
 PaulixuJ the firft Archbiihop of York, 
 having baptized the Inhabitants of the 
 Countrey hereabouts in the River Trent, 
 Bear aTiC^Ul'fingafffifr, Anno 617, 
 (which i$ avouched by the private Hi- 
 llory of this Church) began this Struc- 
 ture, or College in that Place, which 
 loon after changed its Name to Southwell, 
 which it now bears from a Spring, or 
 
 Well lying near it Southwards ; but Dr. 
 Thoroton tells us, that Xing Edgar, Bro- 
 ther and Succeflbr of King Eadwy, in a. 
 Certificate in the Court of Augmenta- 
 tions, is faid to be the Founder of it. 
 However that be, it is on all Hands a- 
 grced, that the Foundation is ancient,, 
 viz- in the Beginning of the Saxon 
 Times at leaft, though we find in our 
 Hiftories little or no Mention of it, till 
 King Edward the Confeflfor's Time, when 
 A'ldred, then Archbifhop of York (as Bi- 
 Ihop Godwin, de Prtful. in Vita ejus, tells 
 us) built an Hall at Southwell' for the 
 Canons to dine in. 
 
 As to the Dean of this Collegiate 
 Church (as Sir Wiinam Dugdale tells us, 
 there was at the firft Ere&ion) we can 
 give no Account, not finding hinv 
 mentioned by any of our Antiquaries ; 
 but of the Prebendaries we have clearer 
 Information, though not fb full as might 
 be wifhed. The Prebends of Woodborough, 
 Normanton, the three of Norwell, two of' 
 Oxtojj, and two of South, and North MusH- 
 hami, with the. Sacriftan, or. Sexton, 
 we fuppofe them to be given long before 
 the Conqueft, probably by Ofcjtel Arch- 
 bifhop of York, to whom King Edwy^ 
 Anno 958, granted twenty Farms here for 
 an Heritage, with all the Appertenances, 
 becaufe in the white Book of Southwell, 
 (ftill remaining with the Chapter, and 
 containing the Antiquities of that 
 Church) there is nothing laid of the 
 Foundation of thofe Prebends. Of the 
 Reft it appeareth by that Book, how, 
 and when they were founded, viz* Henry 
 I. Son of King William, L gave to
 
 N O r r 1 N G H A M S H 1 R 
 
 y|rf Archbifhop of York, the Church of 
 Dunham, that he might make it a- Pre- 
 bend in the Church of Southwell : Arch- 
 bifhop Tburftan himfelf made, of the 
 Churches of his Manors of North Lever- 
 ton, and Bekingham, another Prebend in 
 the fame Church ; but this Prebend was 
 divided, and made two after this Man- 
 ner. William Rotherfeld, then Prebendary 
 of Lavertox, and Bekingham, refigning for 
 that purpofe, Anno 12.91, John Archbi- 
 fliop of York, by and with the Confent 
 of- the Chapters of York and Southwell, 
 did ordafci the Church of North Laverton 
 to be a diftinft Prebend, and to have 
 a Stall in the Quire next to the Sa- 
 crift, and- a. Place in the Chapter- 
 Houfe J and WiUiam Rotherfeld to enjoy 
 
 Bekingbam, fo divided, for his Life, a~ 
 ter which it has fince continued a di- 
 ftinft Prebend. William the Steward of 
 Archbifhop Tkurjlan, gave his Land in 
 Halton, which he held of the faid Arch- 
 bifhop, to the Church of Scuth-well, and 
 Roger Archbifhop of l"<rJt made it a Prc*- 
 bend, favia alfo the Daughter of Ni- 
 geJlus de Rampton, by and with the Con- 
 fent of Robert M.a.loiel her Son, not long 
 after gave the Church of Rampton, with 
 the Appertenance^ to make another 
 Prebend in this Church. To which 
 the aforementioned John Romazus, add- 
 ing, the Church of Eaton to make ano- 
 the Prebend, Anno Dom. 1289, brought 
 the Number to fixteen, thus valued of 
 old, and now, 
 
 
 
 /. 
 
 
 
 
 3. 
 
 d. 
 
 <s 
 
 I. 
 
 Norweli Overhatt, pars 
 
 I. AJ(, 
 
 now worth 
 
 4* 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 2. 
 
 Norwett falace-HaU, pars II, 30 
 
 now 
 
 a? 
 
 19 
 
 7 
 
 
 3- 
 
 NorweU pars IIL 
 
 6 
 
 now 
 
 5 
 
 O 
 
 2 
 
 r 
 
 z. 
 
 4- 
 
 Normanton 
 
 20 
 
 now 
 
 22 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 i 
 z 
 
 5- 
 
 Halton, or Halloughton 
 
 IO 
 
 now 
 
 8 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 
 0. 
 
 Dunham 
 
 45 Marks, 
 
 now 
 
 43. 
 
 ii 
 
 5 
 
 
 7- 
 
 Rampton 
 
 24 Marks, 
 
 now 
 
 15 
 
 i- 
 
 ii 
 
 
 8. 
 
 Woodborougb 
 
 
 now 
 
 9 
 
 17 
 
 ii 
 
 
 9- 
 
 Eaton 
 
 10 /. 
 
 now 
 
 2 
 
 n 
 
 $ 
 
 
 10. 
 
 Muskham South 
 
 20 Marks, 
 
 now 
 
 15 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 
 
 ii.- 
 
 Muskham North 
 
 34*- 
 
 now 
 
 31 
 
 5 
 
 o 
 
 
 12. 
 
 Oxton pars I. 
 
 40 Marks, 
 
 now 
 
 22 
 
 19 
 
 7 
 
 
 IJ. 
 
 Oxton pars II. 
 
 40 Marks, 
 
 now 
 
 24 
 
 to 
 
 
 
 
 14. 
 
 Beckingham 
 
 20 /. 
 
 now 
 
 16 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 
 15. 
 
 North Lavertott 
 
 5 
 
 now 
 
 4- 
 
 17 
 
 II 
 
 
 16. 
 
 The Sacrift 
 
 Ii 10 J. 
 
 now 
 
 i 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 
 Many Privileges were granted to this 
 Church of Southwell by feveral Kings, 
 Archbifhops, and Chapters of York; all 
 which Pope Alexander III. by his Brief 
 confirmed in 1171. i. That their anci- 
 ent Liberties and Cuftoms mould be re- 
 ferved to them inviolable. 2. That the 
 Churches of the Prebends, and thofe be- 
 longing to the Chapter, fhould be free 
 from Epifcopal Jurifdi&ion, and that 
 the Prebendaries may inftitute fit Vicar* 
 in them, as they have done long, 3. 
 That borh. Clergy and Laity fhould 
 come to their Church in folemn Pro- 
 ecflion. 4. That every Tear a Synod 
 
 mould be there celebrated. 5. That 
 the Chrilm fhould be brought to. it 
 by the Deans of the County from th 
 Church of York, to be diilributcd to ci- 
 ther Churches. 6. That at Wl)itfuntidc t 
 a certain fmall Penfion called Per.tece.Jl ah + 
 mail be paid from every Parifh, and 
 Hamlet of the County to this Church, 
 to be divided, to the Sacriftan the tenth. 
 Part, and the Rcll to be divided be- 
 tween the Commons of the Canons Reft- 
 cenr, and the Prebendary of Nomiavto-,. 
 Thele Penticefiflh were thus paid, by the 
 in,
 
 i-74 
 
 'NO ?? ING HA MS HIRE. 
 
 - 7. s. d. 
 
 The Deanery of Nottingham 3. 9 o 
 
 The Deanery of Bingham 324 
 
 The Deanery of Newarke 516 7 
 
 The Deanery of Rcdfcrd 310 i 
 
 The Deanery of Southwell a o 6 
 
 In all 15 18 
 
 7. That the Chapter fhould have a View 
 of Frank-pledge, of all their Tenants in 
 Sctttlvell, &c. and a Court- Lect twice a 
 Year at the fame Place, ancT that every 
 Prebendary fhould have the like View of 
 all his Tenants ; but that the Courts of 
 the Prebendaries fhould be fubjeft to 
 that of the Chapter, and Caufes upon 
 Error, or other lawful Reafons, fhould 
 be removed thither, and there deter- 
 mined. 
 
 The Lands, and Tenements of this 
 Church, betides what made up the fevc- 
 ral Prebends abovementioned, belong- 
 ed to the Rcfidentiaries, called the 
 Commons of the Church, to the Vicars 
 Choral, or Fabrick. 
 
 1. The Rcfidentiaries Commons were 
 fhort, and therefore Walter Archbifhop 
 of York, for the Augmentation of them, 
 conferred on them the Church of Rollc- 
 JJov, which he procured of the Prior and 
 Convent of Thur^arton ; but (till their Pro- 
 vifion was but (lender ; and therefore 
 John Archbilhop of York, with the Con- 
 fent of foine of theCarons, decreed and 
 ordained, That the Portions of Corn 
 and Hay in the Parilh of Upton near 
 Southwell, lhall for the future be for the 
 Commons of the Canons Refident, the 
 Chapter of York, as well as Southwell, 
 confenting to it, and King Edward I. con- 
 firming if. 
 
 2. The Vicars Choral had alfo Lands 
 of good Value in Southwell, &c. befides 
 Rawmerfi in Yorl'Jhire, and the Priory a- 
 lien of Weft Ravendxle in Lincofafoire, 
 which beirg a Priory alien, was purcha- 
 fed, by John Archbilhop of York for three 
 hundred Marks, of King Henry VI. and 
 given to this Chinch to relieve the Po- 
 verty of it, winch at that Time v>ns 
 
 great, for of about fixty Perfons, Ca- 
 nons, Vicars, Chaplains, Chantry-Priefts, 
 Deacons, Subdeacons, and Chorifters, 
 with other fubordinate Officers belong- 
 ing to it, there was fcarce a Subfiftence 
 for forty, which moved the Archbilhop 
 to make a larger Provifion for them. 
 They had alfo the Re&ory of Cnefal, to 
 which that of Boughton was united, and 
 the Union confirmed by the Chapter of 
 York in 1403, befides 4/. a Year from the 
 refpeftive Prebendaries. John Archbilhop 
 of York alfo appropriated the Re&ory 
 of Barneby near Newarke, for fhe more 
 plentiful Suftentation of thefe Chorifters. 
 Alfo the Church of St. Elen of Wheattey, 
 was given by Jeffrey Archbilhop of York, 
 to find Lights in this Church, and con- 
 firmed by Pope Innocent, and the Arch- 
 deacon of Nottingham, Walter Thaney. 
 
 3. To the Fabrick, called our Lady's 
 Works, there were given divers Parcels 
 of Land, to keep it in decent Repair, 
 in Southwell, and Normanton, befides 
 which Henry de Southwell gave a Rent- 
 charge of forty Shillings a Year, which 
 he received for Lands in Stretton in the 
 Clay; and Sir Walter Mallet of Willou^h- 
 by Knt. gave feven Acres on the Welt 
 Side of his Wood, Thirndive, twenty four 
 Foot to the Perch. Thomas de Radclhe, 
 Reftor of Flixtham, gave one Oxgang in 
 Flintham. Many other Parcels of Land 
 in other Places, were given by feveral 
 other pious Perfons, for this End, too 
 many in Number, and too fmall in 
 Quantity to be recited. 
 
 In this Church were many Chantries 
 founded by, 
 
 i. Mr. Robert Lexington, ' who founded 
 three, o/'fc. two at the Altar of St. Tho- 
 mas the Martcr, for his Own, Anceftors, 
 King John's, Brian de Infulas, his Fa- 
 ther's, Mother's, Brothers, and Sifters, 
 Souls, &c. and all his Friends, and Be- 
 nefaftors, of whom he had received any 
 Thing willingly or unwillingly, for the 
 Performance of which he gave the 
 Church of Barneburgh near Doncajter, and 
 fome Lands there to maintain two Dea- 
 cons, or Priefts to Minifter, and to pro- 
 vide Lights and Ornaments for the Altar. 
 The third was likcwife at the Altar of 
 
 St.
 
 ther with the Homages, Reliefs, &>c. 
 The Prieft that did the Service, to have 
 all the Rents, and half the Reliefs. 
 
 - NO TflN G HAM SHIR E. T7> 
 
 St. Thomat the Martyr in the new Work, when he died, and all the faithful De- 
 for the Souls of himfelf, Parents, An- parted; to which he added of his own 
 ceftors, Benefactors, and all the Faith- free \Vill, three Meffiiiiges, eighty 
 ful; for which he gave the Chapter of Acres, of Land, fifteen and an halt" of 
 Southwell, fixty five Shillings of yearly Meadow, twenty of Failure, a Hming 
 Rent, out of eleven Oxgangs of Land in Trent, and four Shillings Rent, with, 
 in Newton, and one in Saxendale, toge- the Appertenances in North Carton, and 
 
 Sutton upon Trent. 
 
 7. Mr. Robert de Oxfon founded another 
 Chantry at the Altar of St. M.try Mag- 
 
 2t Richard de Sutton Canon here, and dalen, charging five Pounds per Ann. to 
 at Lincoln, which he founded at the Al- be paid for the Support of it, by tlje 
 tar of St. Peter in this Church, about Mon after y of Welbeck, out of feme Lands 
 the Year 1260, when the Vicars granted he had endowed that Priory wirh-all. 
 under their Seal, for themfelves and 8. Thomas Haxey, one -of the Preben- 
 Succeflors, that fo often as Mais for the daries, alfo founded a Chantry here, in 
 dead Brethren, and Benefactors of their King Henry IV's Reign, and endowed 
 Church, fhould be celebrated, there it with Lands in Bekingham, Bole, and in 
 fhould be a fpecial Prayer faid for the the Burgage in Southwell. 
 faid Richard Sutton, his Father Rbert, 9. Laftly. Laurence Booth Archbifhop 
 and his Mother Alice; and that they of York, founded a Chantry at the Altar 
 fhould find a Wax-Light to burn for his of St. Cuthbert for two Priefts, who were 
 Soul, at the Mafs of our Lady, daily to have twenty Marks per. Ann. out of 
 there celebrated for ever. Batterfey, to be paid by his Succeflors, 
 
 5. Sir William de Wydrington Kt. found- the Archbifiiops of York for the Time 
 ed a Chantry alfo in this Church, at the Being. 
 
 Altar of St. Nicholas, to which he gave At, or after the Dtflblution of the 
 fix Pounds of Rents, out of Lands Monaftcries, by the two Ats of Parlia- 
 thereabouts, to be paid yearly. ment made, Ann. 1535, and 1538. gi- 
 
 4. Andrew the Bailiff of Southwell, in ving King Henry VIII. the Revenues of 
 the Time of Walter Archbifhop of York, them, this Collegiate Church of South- 
 founded a Chantry at the Altar of St. well ftood in great Repute, being efteem- 
 Stephen here, and gave many Parcels of ed, and taken for the Head, or Mother 
 Land to it, in feveral Townmips. Church of the Town,, and County of 
 
 5. Henry Vavafor, Prebendary of Nor- Nottingham, wherein was the Sedef Ar~ 
 weli-Palace-hall, founded a Chantry in cbiepifcopalis, and fo was allowed by that 
 this Church, at the Altar of St. John King himfelf in an A& of Parliament, 
 Baptifi. made Anno 1543. Reg. 34. But after- 
 
 6. Robert de Lexington, after the Death wards there was another Aft granted 
 of 'Sir Henry de Nottingham, founded a King Henry VIII. in I 545; by the Parli- 
 
 - Chantry at the Altarof St. John the ament, for the fupprcfling Colleges^ 
 
 Bvaxgtttjti where the Body of the faid Chantries, and Free-chapels, which wirh- 
 
 Sir Henry was buried, to -pray for his out any juft Caule frighred the Univerfi- 
 
 Soul, and fettled Lands in Lincolrfiire, ties, but much endangered this; how- 
 
 on the Monaftery of SixiJ, which he ever it efcaped for the prefent, by the 
 
 obliged to pay ten Marks yearly to the Death of that Prince the next Year, as 
 
 Chaprer of Sotrtbwell, for that pu'rpofe, moil of the other Colleges and Chantries 
 
 and- William de Gttnthorp Prebendary of did. King Edward VI. his Son fuccecdcd 
 
 SoHtfaoilly .prcx'aile'd with the Chapter to him, and then this College felt rl e 
 
 give four Marks of the Sixil Rent, to a Power of the former Aft, being diflbl- 
 
 a Chaplain to celebrate the M.ifs of our ved. 2 EJw. VI. among other Colleges^. 
 
 Lady, for the Souls of Sir Henry Hun- and the Manor, and Prebends granted tor 
 
 tington, King Edward II. .-. his own John Dudley, then Eari of Warwick, and, 
 * after-.
 
 * NO 
 
 afterward Duke of Northumberland, who 
 not long after fold them all to J-obn 
 Beaumont Matter of the Rolls, Father of 
 Francis Beaitrnoit, who was Judge of the 
 Common Pkaj, 5 Ediv. VI. From the a- 
 forelaid John Beattmont they were brought 
 again to the' Crown, by Conveyance or 
 orhcrwife, and fo came into the Hands 
 <of the Duke of Northumberland again, in 
 whole Pofieffion being found, when he 
 \vas attainted, I Mar. I. they fell to the 
 Crown, and were by Queen Mary refto- 
 rcd to the Archbifnop and Chapter a- 
 ^ain, as they remained, when Queen 
 &&*> came -to the Crown. 
 
 \Vhat favourable Intentions King Hen- 
 ry \ III. had to eftablitti this College, 
 and found it a-new, or whether he had 
 made any fuch Charter for that End, 
 which was ftippreffed in the fuccceding 
 Reign, ive know not, but ought to be- 
 lieve it probable, becaufe Queen Eliza- 
 beth, when fhe made Statutes for this 
 College, Reg, 27. faith that this CoUege 
 was founded by her Father, and as of a 
 Royal Foundation confirmed it, and e- 
 rlhtblimed certain Statutes, and Orders 
 for the good Government of it, confitt- 
 ing of twenty fix Chapters, by which it 
 is provided, 
 
 That Divine Service in this College 
 be performed, as it is celebrated in the 
 Metropolitan Church of York t thrice 
 every Day. 
 
 That Sermons be preached there by 
 the Canons, or Prebenaries every Sun- 
 day, and Holy-day throughout the 
 Year. 
 
 That there be at leaft fix Vicars Cho- 
 ral, fix finging Men, and fix Boys. 
 
 That the Receiver of the Rents of 
 the College, /hall come yearly to an Ac- 
 count upon the third, and fourth of No- 
 vember. 
 
 That the Canons fhall conftantly re- 
 fidc, and take Care that the Debts of the 
 College be annually paid. 
 
 That there be a Saciiftan, Verger, 
 Bell-ringer, and Porter ; a Matter, and 
 a. Hc&or of the Quire, and a Matter of 
 *he Grarr.mer- School. 
 
 That to make a Chapter, there muft 
 be at leaft three Canons prefent. 
 
 That there be a Warden, or Clerk of 
 the Fabrick, who is to take Care, that 
 all neceflary Repairs be timely, and fub- 
 ftantially done. 
 
 That the Seal of the College be kept 
 under three Keys, which fhall he en- 
 trufted in the Hands of three ieveral 
 Prebendaries. 
 
 That there be Divinity-Le&ures thrice, 
 or at leaft twice a Week, and cate- 
 chizing on every Sunday in the After- 
 noon. 
 
 That the Chapter do conftitute nder 
 them a Vicar General, for the Exerciie 
 of their Ecclefiaftical Jurifdi&ion, and 
 a Regifter. 
 
 That *very Canon before Jiis Inftal- 
 ment take an Oath, whereby he decla- 
 reth his Abhorrence, and Renunciation 
 of all papiftical Doctrines and Worlhip, 
 and engageth to embrace the Do&rine 
 and Worfnip eftabliflied by Regal Au- 
 thority, and to obfervc the Statutes of 
 -this Church, as by her Majefty then fet- 
 tled. 
 
 That the Vicars and all the under Of- 
 ficers, fhall take the fame Oath, Qfc. 
 
 Sir William Dugelale in his Hiftory of 
 this Collegiate Church, tells us, That 
 the Bodies of Thomas Corbridge, William 
 Booth, and Laurence his Brother, as alfo 
 of Ed<wyn Sandes Archbifhop of Tork t lie 
 interred in it. The two Boothes in a pri- 
 vate Chapel on the South Side thereof, 
 where they had fair Monuments with 
 their Pourtraitures thereon, mitred, and 
 vetted for the Altar; .but they were 
 much defaced, even in Queen Eliza- 
 beth's Reign, among the Popifh Shrines 
 and Images. Archbifliop Sandes died 
 long after, and his Monument, which 
 ftands on the North Side of the Quire 
 near the Altar, remains whole with a 
 long Epitaph exprefling his Virtues, and 
 Sutierings, of which we think it not ne- 
 ccflary to fct down any more, than this 
 Parr.
 
 NO rr 'ING H 4 MS HI RE. 177 
 
 ~Ed<ivintts Sandes, &c. Do&or of Divinity, after he had been Bifhop of t 
 
 Worcejler eleven Years, and as long wiihin three Months Bifhop of 
 L:ndon, died in the twelfth Year of his being Archbifliop of York, 
 
 in the fixty-ninth Year of his Age, and on j'Wy the Tenth, in the 
 Year of our Lord, one thoufand, . five hundred, eighty and eight. 
 
 Valued at id/. 5^. 2. d. Dugd. 597. 5 s. 6 d. [. Speed ex Leland; but the more 
 true Value may be taken from the Rents of the Prebends above fet down. 
 
 Of the Monasteries of tins County. 
 
 
 NOTTINGHAM, where were 
 Houfes for the Alonks of divers 
 Orders, as there were in moft Towns of 
 Note in England, viz.. 
 
 I. Friars Carmelites, fo called from 
 Mount Carmel in Paleftine, the Place 
 where Ellas the great Prophet of the old 
 Tejlament is faid to.live, whom they pre- 
 tended to imitate in the Stri&nefs of an 
 holy Life. They were commonly cal- 
 led White Friars. The Site of their 
 Monaftery was betwixt St. jFames's-Lane 
 and Friar-Lane, and denominates a Row 
 of Building towards the Market-Place, 
 Friar-Row. This was a religious Houfe 
 for Monks before King Henry II's Time, 
 for 5 StepJj. we find Mention made of 
 Mona.chi de Nottingham, which muft be 
 either meant of the Monks of Lenton, or 
 fome religious Perfons here, (which is 
 moft probable) who after became Friars 
 Carmelites, which Order was inftituted, 
 AnnoDom. 1161, and was 7 Hen- II. 
 
 2. Friars Minors, otherwife called Grey 
 Friars from their Habit, as the former 
 were, Wkite Friars, who pro'fefled after 
 the Rule of St. Francis. To underftand 
 this Rule, we are to obferve, that there 
 were three Rules of this St. Francis, two 
 of Minors, and the third of Capuchins- 
 The two Minors did not differ in their 
 Rule, nor otherwife, till there happened 
 a "Difference among them, which was 
 this. Some of them would needs have 
 a Difpenfation from the Pope, to take 
 Lands and PoiTclfions, as the Abbics, 
 
 and other Priories had ; and the Reft 
 would not Confent to it ; whereupon 
 Part of them took Difpenfations, and 
 were therefore called Fratres Gaudentix, 
 and thofe that- were againft tl\em, and 
 did not, were called Fratres Obferuanti*. 
 Thefe Friars had an Houfe here at Not- 
 tingham, near the Leene, in a Place, cal- 
 led the Bread Marjb. 
 
 3. An Houfe called St. Join Baptijl's, 
 on the North Sidof the Town, Parcel" 
 of the PofleiTions of St. John of Jerufa.- 
 lem, who were Knights of a religious 
 Order vowing Chaftity j and moft of 
 their younger Time living in Wars a- 
 gainft the Turks, and Saracens, before 
 the Turks grewfo powerful, as afterwards 
 they were. 'Twas for thefe Hofpitalers 
 (for we find no other religious Order 
 here, called St. John's, but them ) that 
 Walter Grey Archbifhop of Tork, made in, 
 the Year 1241, the following Orders, 
 and Rules to be obferved by the Bro- 
 thers and Sifters of it, viz.. i. That the 
 Matter, or Cuftos provide two Chaplains, 
 or more, to celebrate divine Service 
 there for ever. 2. That all the Bre- 
 thren rife together to Matins, fo early 
 in the Morning, that they be finifhed 
 before Break of Day, from the Feaft of 
 St. Michael to Eajler;. which done, then 
 fliall follow Prime and Terce, and then 
 Mafs, and After-Mafs, Sext, and None, 
 5. That the Brothers mall mind their 
 Bufiriefs in the Houfe, and if not h in- 
 dred by neceflary Occ.ifioni, fliall hear. 
 Z VeTpers,
 
 NO?? I NG H AM S HI RE. 
 
 Vefpers, and Complins. 4. That they 
 fhall be all obedient to their dittos, and 
 none fhall have any Property for feyen 
 Days, under Pain of Excommunication. 
 5. That they ihall be all cloathed and 
 fed in common, and eat Flefli but three 
 Days in a Week, viz. on Sunday, Tuefday, 
 and Thurfday. 6. That the Brothers 
 ihall all lye in one Dormitory, be chaftc, 
 and fober, and wear a ruflet and black 
 Habit, and fome others of little Mo- 
 ment not worth mentioning. 
 
 4. Plumptree Hofpital, fo called from 
 the Founder, Mr. John Plum-tree, who 
 built it (fays Dr. Thoroton, about Edward 
 Ill's Time ; but as Sir William Dugdale 
 more truly and exa&ly tells us) by the 
 Licence of King Richard II. Reg. 16. for 
 two Chaplains, being Priefts, one of 
 which to be the Matter or Cuftos, and 
 for thirteen poor Widows (Senio confrac- 
 \is, & Pattpertate depre/is ;) but (Dr. Tho- 
 roton fays) for divers poor Men, endow- 
 ing the fame for their Maintenance with 
 -ten Meffuages, and ten Tofts in Notting- 
 ham, and ordaining, that the Corpora- 
 tion of the Town of Nottingham, and 
 the Prior of Lenton fhoVild prefent to the 
 Chantry in the Chapel of this Hofpital ; 
 and the two Chantry Priefts fhould re- 
 ceive for their Stipends, an hundred 
 Shillings each, yearly, which Orders 
 were dated Anno Dom. 1400. The Site 
 of this Hofpital was near the Bridge of 
 Nottingham, called the Town-Bridge, or 
 Leen-Bridgg, which is to be repaired at 
 the Charge of the Town and the whole 
 County, as appears from the Eyre-Rolls, 
 called Ragman, where is this Prcfent- 
 jnent given in 3 Edw. III. Pans de Not- 
 tingham, vocat. Tunebridge, in defeft. Villa, 
 ? totius comitatus. 
 
 5. There was alfo in the Chnrch of St. 
 $Aary a Guild, or Fraternity of fix 
 Priefts dedicated to the Holy Trinity, and 
 their Houfe in the High Pavement, is 
 called Trinity-Houfe at this Day. In the 
 fame Church was a Chantry of St. Mary, 
 the Chantry of St. James, and Amy as Chan- 
 try , who was a Man of great Eftecm in this 
 Town, about King Edward Ill's Time. 
 His Houfe was in the Long Row, and from 
 ium it is (till called Amyais Place. From 
 
 him it came to Mr. AHejhee, a Merch- 
 ant of the Staple, and is now the Inhe- 
 ritance of Henry Sher-win Gent. 
 
 6. There was alfo in St. Peters Church 
 a Guild of St. George, and a Chantry of 
 Sr. Marj, and another there ; and in the 
 Church of St. Nicholas there was a Guild, 
 or Fraternity of the bleffed Virgin Mary. 
 Of all thefe religious Houfes we have 
 an Account in Thoroton, the Monafticon y 
 and in Mr. Speed, that they were in Not- 
 tingham ; but when they were diffolved, 
 we find not, nor what was their Revenue 
 at their Diffolution. 
 
 N. B. We have this Account of thefe 
 Foundations from Dr. Thoroton, (Sir Wil- 
 liam Dugdale in his Monafiicon, and Mr. 
 Speed from Leland, fpeaking .nothing of 
 moft of them) and fincethat learned An- 
 tiquary hath taken fo much Pains to give 
 a full Hiftory of the Monafteries of this 
 County, we fhall follow his Steps in 
 abridging it. 
 
 Bawtree is mentioned by Mr. Speed, as 
 having a religious Houfe, or Hofpital 
 in this County ; but he tells us nothing 
 of the Founder, Revenue, &c. but 
 that at the Diffolution of the Monafte- 
 ries it was valued at 61. 6s. 8 d. 
 
 Beauvale, or Beval, a Monaftery of 
 Carthujtan Monks founded by Nicholas de 
 Cantilupe, and dedicated to God, and the 
 bleffed Trinity, in his Park of Greijley, for 
 a Prior and twelve Monks, to whom he 
 gave ten Pounds per Ann. Rents, in the 
 Towns of Greijley and Sellefton, together 
 with the Advowfons of both Churches 
 there, which he got appropriated. And 
 this, he did for the Glory of God, the 
 Increafe of Religion and divine Wor- 
 fhip, and for the healthful State of King 
 Edward III. William de la Zouch Archbi- 
 fhop of York, Henry Duke of York, him- 
 felr, Wife, William his Son and Heir, 
 &c. To which Revenue he after ad- 
 ded his Park, three hundred Acres of 
 Land, ten Meffuages, and twelve Bo- 
 vats in Greijley, and Common of Pafture 
 through all his Manors of Greijley and 
 Sellejlon, for all Manner of Cattle. His 
 Son and Heir William, further endowed 
 thcfc Monks, obtaining by his earneft 
 Supplication, a Licence of the faid 
 
 3 King
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 King Edward III. to fettle 20 /. per Ann. 
 Lands, and Rents in the Towns of Greif- 
 ly, SeUeJlen, Wat now, 8cc. upon the faid 
 Prior and Convent, and their Succeflbrs, 
 as alfo five Mefluages, one Mill, and 
 forty Acres of Land in the faid Parifhes, 
 befides Villeins and their Sequels. This 
 Family of Cantilupes was lineally dcfcend- 
 ed from Robert de Maskham, Senefchal, 
 or Steward to Gilbert tie Gaunt, that fa- 
 mous Soldier in the Army of William the 
 Conqueror, from which Gilbert the faid 
 Robert de Mufcbam inherited the Lord- 
 fhip of llkejton in Derbyshire, being confer- 
 red on him in the Reign of King Henry 
 I. and here Nicholas de Cantilupe dwelt 
 when he founded this Monaftery. 
 
 Other Benefaftors to this Houfe were, 
 I. Elizabeth the Widow of Sir Brian Sta- 
 pleton, as alfo William Rither and Sibill 
 his YVife, who had a Licence of King 
 Rhbard II. to give to the Prior and Con- 
 vent of this Houfe, each of them forty 
 Shillings a Year, out of their Manors of 
 Kirkby, Orblawers, and Kereby, for two 
 Monks to celebrate Mafs in the Church 
 of Beauvale, for the Souls of William de 
 Aldburgh the Elder, and Elizabeth his 
 Wife ; William de Aldburgh the Younger, 
 and Margery his Wife ; Sir Edward Ba- 
 lid, William Rither and Sibill his Wife. 
 a. Sir William de Aldburgh, who for the 
 Soul of his Lord, Edward de Bailliol King 
 of Scotland, and Elizabeth his own Wife, 
 and that himfelf might be as one of the 
 Founders, and the King of Scotland as a 
 principal Benefa&or, in the Participa- 
 tion of the fpecial Benefits of that 
 Houfe, with fome others of his near 
 Kindred, did give and confirm by Deed, 
 the Hay of Willey, and ten Pounds per 
 Ann- Fee- farm Rent, which he had in 
 Partnership with Edward Bailliol King 
 of Scotland. 3. Nicholas Cantilttpe the 
 Founder, alfo fettled upon this Houfe at 
 the firft Foundation, the Re&ory of 
 Farnham. 4. John of Gaunt, alfo grant- 
 ed Licence to Sir William Finchenden Knr. 
 Richard de Ravenfer Archdeacon of Lin- 
 coln, &c. to give the Manor of Etwel in 
 Darbyjhire, to this Priory to pray for 
 him while he lived, and his, and his 
 Wife Blanch's Souls after their Death, 
 
 which he accordingly releafed to the 
 Monks of it. 5. Many other Benefac- 
 tors this Priory had, inlbmuch that their 
 Revenue at the Diflbhuion was valued 
 at 196 /. 6 i. per Ann. Thor. z^^ 1. "8 j. 
 Speed ex Lei. Moft of their Eftatcs were 
 after the DifTblution given to Sir William. 
 Huffey, and his Heirs Male, at zi /. n i. 
 yd. oh. a yearly- Rent, 33 Hen. VIII. 
 but we fuppofe upon the Death of Sir 
 William without fuch Heirs, they revert- 
 ed to the Crown ; and were given with 
 the Manor of Selfton, 4 Edw. VI. to 
 Richard Morifon and Bridget his Wife, and 
 the Heirs of Richard, at i<J8/. io/. / d. 
 Rent yearly. The Lord Capel married 
 the Heir of Morifon, and wi^h his Porte- 
 rity, now Earls of Effex, they remain. 
 
 Bingham ; Mr. Speed calls it a College ;- 
 but Dr. Thorcton tells us it was a Guild, 
 to which Sir William de Albroke, and Ed- 
 ward Balid King of Scots, were Benefac- 
 tors. It was dedicated to the Virgin 
 Mary, but who was the Founder we can- 
 not find. It was diflblved in King Ed- 
 ward VI's Reign, Ann. 6. and granted to 
 Thomas Reeve, arid George Cotton ', but 
 fome of the Lands were referved in the 
 King's Hands, and given by Queen Eli- 
 zabeth afterwards, Reg. 17. to John Son- 
 key, and Purdval Grimjton. Here was 
 alfo a Chapel dedicated to St. Helen, to 
 which Richard de Bingham gave five 
 Marks yearly Rent in Nottingham, a 
 Mefluage, and one Acre of Land, for 
 the Maintenance of a Chaplain to cele- 
 brate divine Service therein, which were 
 given to the fame Perfons at the Diflblu- 
 tion. Sir William Dugdale docs not men- 
 tion this College in his Monafticon, nor 
 doth Dr. Thonton tell us, what the Re- 
 venue was valued at, when it was fup- 
 prefled ; but Mr. Speed from Leland fays, 
 it was worth 40 /. 1 1 s. per Ann. 
 
 Blithe, a Monaftery of Benediftine 
 Monks dedicated to God, and St. Mary; 
 and founded by Roger de B# and his 
 Wife Muriel, who gave them entirely the 
 Church and whole Town of Blithe, with 
 all its Appendages, as is obferved in. 
 Blithe above. Over and above thofe 
 Things, he gave them EUeton, and its 
 Appertenances ; Beftw, and whatever 
 Z. a belonged
 
 'iSo 
 
 NO FT ING 
 
 belonged to it ; and what he had in 
 Barreby, as alfo the Tithes of divers 
 Lands in Wateley, Marnham, Appkby, &c. 
 for the Building of the Houfe, and 
 Maintenance of the Monks there ferving 
 God, and his Mother, excepting, that 
 out of all thefe, every Yc*ar fhould be 
 given to the Church of Holy Trinity at 
 Roan,- forty Shillings. Idonea de Vipont, 
 Daughter and Heir of John de Bttijli, did 
 by her Deed dated 1232, confirm to the 
 Monks, all her Anceftors Gifts, as did 
 King; Henry II. alfo, who granted bcfides 
 to the Monks here, this Privilege to 
 plead in no Hundred, Shire, or Wapen- 
 take Court, but in the Caftle of Blithe 
 only. Alice; Countefs of Augi, or Ew, 
 releafed to God, St. Mary, and the 
 Monks of Blithe, the Price of Oxen, and 
 Cows at Blithe Fairs, upon the Fcaft of 
 St. Dionyfe. The Monks had alfo five 
 Bovats of Land in Bevercotes, given them 
 by John de Bevercotes, in pure Alms, &>c. 
 They had many other Benefa&ors, info- 
 rnuch that this Priory was valued at the 
 Diflblution, at iz6I. 8 s. zd. ^. per Ann. 
 Speed. 
 
 Some of the Family of the Crpjfyes 
 built an Hofpital at Blithe, which is now 
 called Blithe Spittle; and is in the Gift, 
 and Difpofal of the Lord of Hodfak. Mr. 
 Speed tells -us, that it was valued at the 
 Diflblution, at 8/. 141. per Ann. 
 
 Brodhclm, a Monaftery of the Prxmon- 
 fratenfes, but the Founder is unknown. 
 KingEdward II. Reg. 12. confirmed the 
 'Gifts and Grants of divers Bencfa&ors 
 to this Houfe, as Ralph de Albeniaco, who 
 "gave the Sifters there a certain Plain of 
 Ground in Saxelby ; of Sarra, the Daugh- 
 ter of Peter Goujla, who gave the faid 
 Sifters fcveral Lands and Tenements, as 
 alfo of her Father, Brother, and Mo- 
 ther, which Peter de Chaumpaigne Knt. 
 confirmed ; of Peter the Son of the faid 
 Peter de Champaign, who gave them a 
 Toft in Saxetiy ; and of Walter de Clifford, 
 Agnes his Wife, and Walter their Son, 
 who gave it the Church of St. Helen at 
 Thorney, and thirty Acres of Land, with 
 'divers others. The Advowfon of this 
 Priory ufua 11 y went with the Manor of 
 Saxelby, which .was the, Eltate of the 
 
 -.- 4 X 
 
 M S HI RE. 
 
 Normantons, and from them pafled to Sir 
 John de Lyfeux Lord of Fledburgh, with 
 that Manor ; from whom they defcended 
 to the Baffets of Ncrmanton, who remo- 
 ved to Fledburgh; and remained with 
 them till the Diflblution, when it was 
 valued at 16 /. 55 2 d. per Ann. Dugd. 
 Speed. 
 
 Mr. Weaver, exemplifying the Vices 
 and Corruptions of the Clergy, in the 
 Reign of King Edward III. relates, how 
 that Wiltiam Fox,Parfon of Lee near Gains- 
 borough in Lincolnshire, and John Fox and 
 Thomas Lingeftcn, Friars Minors of Lincoln, 
 were indi&ed before Gilbert Umfrevil, and 
 other Jufticcs in partibus Lindfey, Anno 
 Reg. 24. 1360, for that they came to 
 this Abbey, and violently took and car- 
 ried away from thence, a certain Nun, 
 named Margaret de Everingham a Sifter 
 there, and ftripping her of her religi- 
 ous Habit, put upon her a green Gown 
 of a fecular Fafhion, and with her divers 
 Goods, to the Value of forty Shillings. 
 
 .Clifton, a College, began to be founded 
 by Sir Robert Clifton, who married Alice 
 the Sifter of William Boothe Archbifhop 
 of fork. He dedicated it to the Holy 
 Trinity ; but died before he had finished 
 his Defign, 18 Edw. IV. His Son Sir Ger- 
 vafe religioiifly performed what his Fa- 
 ther intended, and not only confirmed 
 his Father's Endowment, but added 
 fomething of his own ; for at the Diflb- 
 lution, it was valued at 20 /. 2 s . 6d. per 
 Ann. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 FeUey, was firft given by Radulph Brilo 
 of Annejley, by the Confent of his Heirs, 
 to God, the blefled Mary, and St. Helen, 
 and Robert the Hermite, and his Succef- 
 fors, and does leem then to have been 
 nothing but an Hermitage for one fingle 
 devout Man ; but being afterward in- 
 creafed by Reginald his Son, who not on- 
 ly confirmed his Father's Gift, but ad- 
 ded five Canons, they profefled the Rule 
 of Canons of St. Auguftin, and were by 
 this their Founder made to be a Cell to 
 the Priory of Radford by Workfop. In the 
 following Ages they found many other 
 Benefa&ors, infomuch that they defi- 
 ring to have their Deeds regiftred in 
 pfrpetuam Mfrnoriatn, were found in Pofle- 
 
 fioa
 
 : NO TTING 
 
 fion of thefe Eftates ; The Parifh Church 
 of Annejley, given them by Leonia de 
 Raines and Henry de Stutivil, her Son and 
 Heir, for the Health of King Henry II. 
 her felf, Son, and all her, and their 
 Anceftors, which Pope Celejtine III. con- 
 firmed to them, with divers other Pof- 
 feflions in Bradley, Lamberftorth, given 
 them by divers .Benefa&ors, allowing 
 them by the fame Bull to receive, what- 
 ever PofTeffions they could get by the 
 Bounty of Princes, or Offerings of faith- 
 ful People, Jbrbidding any Parfon to ex- 
 aft Tithes of their Arable Lands, which 
 were in their own Hands, and Failures 
 for their Cattle; giving them Leave to 
 receive all Perfons fleeing from the 
 World to Conversion, and fuffering none 
 to depart, except to a ftri&erRule ; and 
 if at any Time there fhould be a gene- 
 ral Interdift of the Land, making it 
 lawful for them to celebrate divine Of- 
 fices with a low Voice, their Gates be- 
 ing fhut, and all excommunicated Per- 
 fons excluded. 
 
 In the Year 1260, there was an A- 
 greement made by the Advice, and 
 Con fen t of Jeffrey Archbifhop of York, 
 between the Prior and Convent of Work- 
 fop, and the Prior and Convent of Felley, 
 whereby the Prior of Workfop releafed 
 to the Prior of Felley, all Pretences to 
 the Subjection and Obedience of his 
 Houfe, and all Intcreft in their Ele&i- 
 ons for the yearly Payment of thirty 
 Shillings, which the Archbifliop confirm- 
 ed. After this, this Houfe became 
 more flourifhing, and had many more 
 Benefa&ors, efpecially of the Family of 
 Heriz, of whom lio de Hsriz, gave them 
 for the Health of his Brother William's 
 Soul, twenty Acres of Land in Oggejlon, 
 and Brachittjeitj and Jolon de Heriz for 
 the Health of his own Soul, and Sarra 
 his Wife's, eighteen Bovats of Land in 
 Tibbifelf to fuftain two Canons in that 
 Convent. Jeffrey de Langley, alfo for the 
 Health of his own, Wife's, and Ance- 
 ftors Souls, gave to the Prior and Ca- 
 .nons here, his whole Land in EJfover, on 
 Condition, that his, and their Names 
 fhould be daily mentioned in the Mafs 
 ibr their Benefactors ; and every Year 
 
 HAM S HIRE. i8 r 
 
 one Mafs fhould be celebrated with p '?- 
 cebo, and dirige, on the Day of his Death, 
 as Prior of their Houfe, and on the 
 fame Day for his, and their Souls, thir- 
 teen poor People fhould be fed, and 
 have one white Loaf, a good Mefs, and 
 a Flagon of Ale ; and another Mafs 
 for Maud his Wife, and then five poor 
 to be fed as before. 
 
 In the Year 1343, William Archbifliop 
 of York appropriated the Church of At- 
 tingburgh to this Priory of Felley, for the 
 In.creafe of four Canons more, referving 
 out of the Fruits and Profits of the laid 
 Church, a fumcient Subfiftence for a 
 perpetual Vicar, who was to be prefent- 
 ed by the Prior and Canons of this Mo- 
 naftery. The Canons here had many 
 other Benefaftors too numerous for us to 
 mention'; only we muft not omit, that 
 King Henry III. by his Charter, gave 
 thefe Canons the Privilege of being quit 
 of Toll, and all Cuftoms throughout 
 England ; and King Edward I. Reg. 34. 
 granted them the Tithes of his Eflarts 
 in the Hayes of Lindby, Ramwood and 
 Willey, which are v within the Bounds oF 
 no Parifh whatfoever. Thefe Revenues 
 and Privileges thefe Canons enjoyed till 
 the Diflblution, when their Eftates toge- 
 ther were valued at 40 /. ipj. i d. per 
 Ann. Dugd. 6\ /. 4 j. S. d. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 The Houfe and Site of this Priory, 
 with all the Mefluages, Lands, and Tene- 
 ments, being forty Acres of Arable, 
 twenty of Meadow, three hundred fifty 
 fix of Pafture, one Barn, and one Wa- 
 ter-Mill, were granted by King Henry 
 VIII. Reg. 30. to Wtffiam Bolles and Lucy 
 his Wife; but reverting again to the 
 Crown, were given 4 & 5 Phil. Q? Mar. 
 to Sir Anthony Strelley Knt. and Joan his 
 Wife, and their Heirs; but it again 
 came to the Crown, and was conferred 
 upon Anthony MUlington and his Heirs, by 
 King James T. at the Rent of 1 7 /. 3 s. 
 who now enjoy it. 
 
 Lenton, a Monaftery of Cluniac Monks 
 (fays Dugdale} but Mr. Speed fays they 
 were Cijlertians, founded by WtUiam Peve- 
 rel Earl of Nottingham, natural Son of 
 William the Conqueror and Adelina his 
 Wife, in Honour of theHo/y Trinity, and 
 
 Lore
 
 182 
 
 NOfflN-GHJMSHlRE. 
 
 Love of the Worfhip of God, and the 
 common Good of the Souls of King Wil- 
 liam and Queen Maud, their own Souls, 
 and their Parents; and by him given to 
 the Church of Ctugni in France, yet on 
 Condition, that it mould be free, paying 
 yearly a Mark of Silver as an Acknow- 
 ledgement. To this Monaftery the faid 
 William gave this Town of Lenten, ex- 
 cept four Mills, and divers other Towns 
 and Eftates, as the Tithes, not only of 
 Corn in his Demefnes in feveral Places, 
 but of his Lead, Venifon as well Skins, 
 as Flefh and Fifli in his Filhery at Not- 
 tingham. He likewife granted them what- 
 foever his Men mould beftow on it, for 
 the Remedy of their Souls, viz.- two 
 Parts of the Tithes of their Demefnes 
 for ever, which they aH confented, and 
 yielded to, and he ratified it in the Pro- 
 fence of the Archbimop of York, &c. 
 
 King Henry I. confirmed all thefe Gifts 
 to this Monaftery, and further granted 
 them, a Fair of eight Days, at the Feaft 
 of St. Martin, and commanded that no 
 Man Ihould buy or fell at Nottingham 
 during this Fair, and that all Perfons 
 coming, or going to this Fair, fhould be 
 free from all Procefles of Law. He al- 
 fo granted them Royal Liberties and 
 Cuftoms, viz- Sac, Soc, Tol,Them, and 
 Ingfanthcif, Quittance from Seize, Hun- 
 dred, and \Vapentake, Treding, Army, 
 and every fecular Exa&ion, except Mur- 
 der, and Dane-geld. King Stephen alfo 
 at the Intrcaty of William Peverel, the 
 Younger, confirmed what William Pe- 
 uerel the Elder, or himfelf, and other 
 Benefa&ors had given ; of whom Robert 
 Earl of Mallent, gave the Churches of 
 Wipjtott, and Withingjlon in Leicefterjhire to 
 them. Hugh de Buron with the Content of 
 his Sons, gave them the Church of 
 Horfeley in Derbyjljire, and Cotgrave in this 
 County, with a Virgat of Land there, 
 and feme in Almton ', and Odo de Boney 
 who gave two Parts of his Dcmefne, and 
 the Churches of Barton, and Adinburcrh. 
 The fuccecd ing Kings were not wanting 
 both to confirm thcle Donations, and to 
 add more, efpecially King Henry IT. and 
 his Son King John, who granted them 
 theTithcsof his Hunting (Decimam vena- 
 
 tionis Nojlr*} in the Counties of 
 ham and Derby. All whole Grants were 
 confirmed by King Edward II. Reg. 10. 
 infomuch that this Priory was reckoned 
 among the rich Ones, as the Revenues at 
 the Diflblution mew, being then valued 
 at 3*9/. ijj. IQJ. ob. per. Ann. Dttgd. 
 Thor. 4177. 19 /. 3 d. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 The Lands and Site of this Monaftery 
 came into King Henry VIII's Hands, by 
 the Attainder of Nicholas Heath for de- 
 nying the King's Supremacy, and not 
 refigning his Monaftery, and the Lands 
 thereunto belonging at his Pleafure, 
 upon the Account of the Aft of Parlia- 
 ment, which had granted King Henry 
 VIII. all the Abbies and their Revenues, 
 contrary to the Do&rine then held, that 
 the Secular Power had a Jurifdiftion 
 over Ecclefiafticks in Things Spiritual. 
 However that Prior was attainted, and 
 all the Lands, and Houle confifcated to 
 the King, who gave the Demefne of this 
 Abbey to William Hicks Efq; the Ance- 
 ftor of Sir William, and now Sir Henry 
 Hicks Bar. but many of the Lands and 
 Tithes in Home, Duff on, Whitwell and 
 Ledmore, in the Peak of Darbyjhire, were 
 in Confideration of the good and faith* 
 ful Services of Sir Francis Leeke Kt. be- 
 fore that Time performed, given to him 
 with many other Lands and Tithes in 
 Derbyshire, belonging to Monafteries; but 
 out of the afore faid Manors and Lands, 
 there was originally referved to the 
 Crown a Fee-Farm Rent of 94 /. 5 s. 
 which King Charles II. gave to the Right 
 Honourable James Stuart Duke of Rich- 
 mond and Lenox, who fold it to John Gre- 
 gory of Nottingham, whole Pofterity enjoy 
 it, and George Gregory the prefcnt Owner 
 hath obtained a Fair at Lenton for eight 
 Days, beginning the Wednefday after 
 Wtitfun-Week. ^ 
 
 In Marifco, i. e. In the Marfo y in the 
 Chapel of St. Thomas of Tork, a Cell of 
 a confiderable Value, mentioned by Mr. 
 Speed out of Leland, without any Account 
 of the Founder, Dedication, or Bene- 
 fa&ors ; or to what Monaftery, Dome- 
 ftick or Foreign, it was a Cell, of which 
 we find not any Thing in other Writers ; 
 yet as he tells us, it was valued at the 
 
 DiOblu-
 
 N O f Tl N G HA M S E I R E. 
 
 185 
 
 Diflolution at 63 /. 6s. 8 d. a great Re- 
 venue in thofe Times. 
 
 Matterfey, or Marefey, a Monaftcry of 
 Gilbertlnes, founded '(as Mr. Speed tells us) 
 by the Anceftors of Edward Tirland ; but 
 Dr. Thoroton, who hath fearched deeper 
 into thefe Things, fays, that the Mare- 
 feys, or Matterfeys, founded this Mona- 
 ftery of Gllbertlnes, to which at the Foun- 
 dation they gave the Church of Gamel- 
 fton, before the Year 1191. The Mona- 
 filcon attributes the Foundation of this 
 Monattery to Ifabel de Chauncy, Daughter 
 of Thomas de Marefey ; but this mult be a 
 Miftake, bccaufe we find (in TV/?, de Nev.} 
 that the Prior of Marefey held two Bo- 
 vats of Land in pure Alms, of the Fee 
 of Thomas the Heir of Roger de Marefey, 
 in the Reign of King Henry III. Indeed 
 Ifrbel de Chancy, the Wife of Sir Philip 
 Chancy Knt. and Daughter of Thomas de 
 Marefey, may be called the Founder, if 
 any Benefa&or may deferve that Name, 
 (as we find fome allowed it) for her 
 great Generofity to thefe Monks. For 
 fhe in her Widowhood after Sir Philip's 
 Death, for the Safety of her own, and 
 her late Husband's Souls, and thofe of 
 all her Anceftors remifed, confirmed and 
 for ever quit-claimed to God, and St. 
 Helen of Marefey, and the Prior and 
 Convent of that Houfe ferving God, her 
 whole Dcmefne, with all the Homages, and 
 Services, of thcTowns of Marefey ,zndThorp , 
 and all the Lands, Poflefiions, and Tene- 
 ments which they had of the Gifts of her 
 Anceftors in the faid Towns, and elfe- 
 where, with the Advowfons of the 
 Churches of Marefey, GameIJton, My fin, 
 and Boulton, with free Court of her Te- 
 nants in thofe Towns ; but then flie not 
 only in this her Fcoffment, acknow- 
 ledges her Anceftors to have given many 
 Lands to this Priory, before this Settle- 
 ment, but by the Deed it felf it appears, 
 that flic made it in the later Part of the 
 Reign of King Edward I. or Beginning 
 of King Ed-ward II. We find no other 
 BenefaQors to this Houfe ; but that the 
 Prior 5 Edw. III. claimed to have for 
 himfelf and his Men, Quittance in City, 
 and Borough in Markets and Fairs, in 
 Paflage of Bridges and Ports of the Sea, 
 
 and in all Places through "England from 
 Toll and Pontage, and that King Edward 
 III. by his Charter, which is in the 
 Mwafticon, confirmed all thefe Donations 
 and Privileges, which they retained till, 
 the Diflblution, when it was furrendred 
 by Thomas Woodcock the Prior, and four 
 Monks, into the Hands of King Henry 
 VIII. being then valued at i$o/. 15.*. 
 od. ob. Dugd. 61 I, 17 s, 7 <J. per Ann. 
 Speed ex Lei but we fufpet, that the 
 former Monaftery, De Marifco, and this, 
 are by Miftake divided by Mr. Speed, not 
 only for the Likenefs or the Name, but 
 Nearnefs of the Revenues, which put to- 
 gether, near equal Dugdale's Sum. The 
 Prior after Resignation of his Houfe, 
 had 16 /. 13 s> 4</. fettled on him for 
 Life. 
 
 Newark, a certain Houfe of Friars of 
 the Order of St. Auguflin, which after 
 the Diflblution was granted by King 
 Henry VIII. to Richard Andrews, and Ni- 
 cholas Temple, and their Heirs. Sir John 
 MarkhAm had it afterwards, and it be- 
 came at length Sir Francis Leek's dwelling 
 Houfe, and the Lord Deincoart bis Sons ; 
 but when it came to his Son, who was 
 made Earl of Scarfdale, he fold it to Mr. 
 Matthew Jennlfon the prefent Owner. 
 Thor. We do not find the Value. 
 
 Newfted, or Novus locus in Shirewood Fo- 
 reft, a Monaftery of Canons Regular of 
 St. Auguji'tne, dedicated to God and the 
 Virgin Mary, was founded by King Henry 
 II who at the firft Ere&ing, endowed it 
 with the Church and Town of Papelwick, 
 the Mill and Meadow of "Beskwood, with 
 all their Appertenanccs. He gave alfo 
 to the Monks there, long and large 
 Waftes lying about the Monaftery with- 
 in the Foreft, called Kigel, and Raven- 
 foede, and a Park of ten Acres to be in- 
 clofed as they pleafed, out of the View 
 of the Verderers, and other Officers of 
 the Foreft ; and a Field of Arable Land 
 called Abby-feld, to hold inclofcd with 
 Hedge and Ditch, where they built a 
 Grange and kept it in their own Tillage 
 as their proper Demefne. The faid King 
 alfo gave them an hundred Shillings in 
 Land in Sbepu'tck and Walkringhim, with 
 the Appertcnances in Mtferton and Walk-
 
 184 
 
 NO ff ING H^M S HIRE. 
 
 vejb, and confirmed to them what Robert 
 de Cauz, and John Cook gave them in 
 Jjfotfinebaar* King John alfo, when he 
 vas Earl of JWoreton, gave them other 
 1 ands, viz. feven Pounds a Year in Walk- 
 lingbam, Mijlcrton, &c. which he con- 
 firmed to them when he was King, Reg- 
 *i 6. 
 
 This Monaftery being of a Royal 
 Foundation had many Benefactors, as i. 
 Sir William Cojfale Baron of the Exchequer , 
 fettled by a Fine taken at York, twelve 
 Mefluages, one Mill, eight Bovats, and 
 fixty Acres of Land, twenty of Meadow, 
 
 Stephen, and his Son Gilbert, confirmed 
 all he had done. They had alfo Lands 
 in Kelttm, given by Hugh de Mufcam, a 
 Wood called Rahage given them by Jef- 
 frey Eicring, and Land called Wudehus 
 given by Ralph de Hocreton; all which King 
 Henry II. confirmed to them, and fur- 
 ther granted them all free Cuftoms and 
 Liberties, as Sac, Soc, Toll, Q?c. 
 
 This Houfe had many other fmall Be- 
 nefa&ors, too tedious to name particu- 
 larly ; but the Gift of Jihn de Vefcy is 
 not to be forgotten. He gave the Monks- 
 here, eight Bovats of Land in Rotherham 
 
 eighty of Wafte, and twenty Shillings in Yorkfiire, and the whole Demefne of 
 
 Rent, with the Appertcnances in Ccjfale, his Manor there, with all the Apperte- 
 
 Nottingbam y and BulweJl, to find three nances, and the Advowfon of the Moiety 
 
 -*~I 1 " t *"i f /* <- t* 1 *- *1 T /*.!.** i. 
 
 Chaplains, two in the Church of St. 
 Katharine of Caffal, and one at the Pri- 
 ory of Newjlede, to celebrate divine Ser- 
 vice for rhc Souls of himlelf, his Ance- 
 Jftors and Succeflbrs* 2. Robert de Lexing- 
 
 of the Church of that Manor, with the 
 Homage and Service of his Tenants, a 
 Mill, half the Market and Fair. The 
 other Moiety was Ralph Tify's ; but hfc 
 having forfeited it to King Henry III. 
 
 t n alfo enfeofted the Town of Stertkorp, jfohn de Lexington had a Grant of it, and 
 
 with the Service of the Freemen and 
 Villeim, upon the Prior and Convent 
 here, to whom alfo he gave Roivtlorne in 
 Scard-liffe, with the Appertenances in 
 Earbyjbere. 5. John de Eyvll gave to the 
 Priory of Ncu-Jlede the Advowfon of the 
 Church of Egmatiton, and Pope John 
 XXII. appropriated it to them by the 
 Licencevof King Edward II. 4. The 
 Monks of this Houfe, had alfo Lands 
 and Houfe s in Nottingham. All which they 
 enjoyed till the Diflblution, when the 
 
 gave it to this Abbey of Rufford, and fo 
 they became Owners of the whole Ma- 
 nor of Rotheram. The Abbot of Rufford 
 had the Liberty of Free-warren in di- 
 vers Pariihes in this County, and fome 
 in Darbyjbire, and Terkjhire, and was freed 
 from paying of Tenths in 1 1 59 by Roger 
 Archbimop of York, and his Power Legan- 
 tine. King Henry III. granted the Monks 
 here, a Privilege of freely and peace- 
 ably taking oft" the Foreft, what Wood 
 foever was neceflary for their own Ufe, 
 
 Revenues together were valued at 167 /. and that no Man fhould give, or fell of 
 \6 s. 7 d. ob. per Ann. Dudg. Tbor. 2,19 /. his own Wood, without their Licence, 
 
 as it was in the Time of King Henry I. 
 
 This Abbey at the Diflblution was valu- 
 
 lS s. 8 d. ob. Speed ex Leland. 
 
 Rufford, or Rupford or. tke JWaun, a Alo- 
 naftery of Cijiertlan Monks, founded by 
 Gilbert de Gaunt Earl of Lincoln, I 3 Steph. 
 1148, for the Health of the Souls of 
 King Henry his Uncle, his other Ance- 
 ftors, his own, his Wife Maud's, and Son 
 Enflace's, dedicated to God, and the 
 Church cf the blefled Mary at Rievah, 
 and the Monks there ferving God, and 
 
 in the Manor cf Rufford. He endowed we have thought fit to fubjoin. 
 it with his Lands in Cratela^ and King 
 
 ed at 1767. ii/. 6 d. per Ann. Dugd, 2547. 
 
 6s. 8^. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 f 
 
 Mr. Weaver in his Book of Funeral 
 Monuments, pag. 65. tells us, that he 
 found in the Lieger Book of this Abbey, 
 certain memorable Verfes about the con- 
 ftant Sufferings of divers Virgins, which 
 
 Quid
 
 ff J NG HAMS HIRE. 
 
 18 j 
 
 Quid de Virginibus dignum loquere, afpice finera 
 
 Fides ob veram fcrt mala mulra fidem. 
 Huic ardens lehis fblidam fubvcrtere fidem 
 
 Nee mors ipfa poteft, cut Deus ardor 'neft. 
 Tecla feras, Agathes Ergaftula, vulnera vicit 
 
 Margarita, truces Virgo Lucia Duces 
 Balnea Ceciliae ferventia, nil nocuere. 
 
 Agneti nocuit flamma furorq; nihil 
 Nil aetas, nil mundus eis, nil obfuit hoftis, 
 
 Cun&a domant, fuperant infima, fumma tenent, 
 His Ornamentis fulget domus Omnipotent. 
 
 And under the Pifture of the blefTed Trinity, in the Abbey Church here, 
 thefe, fag. 117. 
 
 Scde Pater fumma difponit faecula cunfta, 
 Patre Deo genitus creat, & Regit omnia natus 
 Omnia vivificat procedens Spiritus Altnus. 
 Flamma, calor, pruna, tria funt hxc, res fed & nna 
 Sic ab igne calor non dividitur, neque fulgor 
 Aft his unitis unus fubfiftit & ignis; 
 Sic pater, & natus, & Spiritus fed Deus unus 
 Huic laude munus, qui regnat trinus & unus, 
 Huic laus & Doxa, nunc & per faecula cunfta. 
 
 SMford, a Monaftery of Canons Regu- 
 lar of St. Auftin t crefted by Ralph Anfe- 
 //, whofe Anceftor Golsfrld had made 
 this Place the Head, or principal Seat 
 of his Barony. He endowed it with a 
 Moiety of all, or moft of His Churches 
 belonging to his Eftate, as of Gedling in 
 this County, and Weftborough, and Dod~ 
 dington in Lincolnjhire, &c. all his Lands 
 in Shelford t and divers others. Thomas 
 Bardolfe married the Heirefs of the Han- 
 felins, and fo became Patron of this Mo- 
 naftery ; but the Manor of Shelford be- 
 ing divided between the Families of 
 Hanfelnt and Cauz, Adam de Everingham, 
 the Heir of the Causes claimed a Share 
 in the Patronage of it, and a Suit being 
 commenced before Hugh Bigod, Judici- 
 ary of England, about it, the Jury 
 found for William BarJoIf, that he was 
 the true Patron, and that the Monaftcry 
 was founded by Ralph Hanfelin^ of which 
 the foremen tioned Donations were a 
 good Proof : whereupon the Archbifliop 
 of Terk was commanded to admit a fit 
 Perlbn to be Prior there, at the Prefen- 
 tation of the laid Wjljiam Bardolfe. 'Ever- 
 
 ingham however had Ibme Ground for 
 his Plea, for his Anceftor John de B!rMn r 
 had once prefented upon the Applicario 
 of the Canons. This Priory at the Dif- 
 folution was valued at ] 1 6 I. per Amir 
 Dugd. I51/. 14,1. I d. Sped ex Le I, 
 
 The Houfe and Site of this Priory, 
 with the Alms-Houfes, and other Things 
 within it, and one hundred fixty fourr 
 Acres of Land, thirty of Meadow, aiid 
 fixty of Pafture, with the Appertenan- 
 ccsj were granted by King Henry VIII. 
 Reg. 29, to Michael Stanhope Eiq; and 
 Anne his Wife, and the Heirs of Michae1 r 
 to whom the Manor was given, as 
 above. 
 
 Stoke by Newark, an Hofpital dedica- 
 ted to Sc. Leonard, but the Founder is 
 not known, nor how many it was to 
 maintain. It is certainly very ancient r 
 and was well endowed ; for in the Time 
 of KrnsJJenij I. Ralph Deincourt when he 
 founded the Priory of Thnrgarton, cx- 
 cepted ten Shillings per Ann. of his Gift 
 to the Infirm in the Hofpital of Stoke. 
 It had many other Bencfaftors, though 
 their Gifts were not great; for Henry < de 
 A a, St.
 
 NOTHING H4 MS HIR JB. 
 
 f. Liz, gave ten Acres and an half of 
 Land to the Matter of this Hofpital of 
 St. Leonard, and his Succeflbrs. It had 
 Lands alfo in Newarke, and many other 
 Towns -within that Soc, given by feve- 
 ral Benefa&ors. Henry de Stoke gave a 
 Mefluage ; John !e Veynour, and Roger 
 Moge, fome Acres of Land ; Simon Sib- 
 thorp ten Shillings Rent; and. Thomas 
 Ogle Clark, a Aleffuage, and half an 
 Acre, all in this Town ; and Gilbert Fitz- 
 Lene of Holm gave a Mefiuage, three 
 Acres of Land, and 1 five Acres of Mea- 
 dow in Holm by Newarke, to this Hofpi- 
 tal. After the Diflblurion, Queen Eli- 
 zabeth, Reg. 1 8, granted this Hoxife and 
 Site to John Mqrfo Efq; and Francis 
 Greenham _Gent. among other Things, as 
 obferved in Stoke above. 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward III. 
 John Chaufon Mafter of this Hofpital of 
 St. Leonard in Stoke, and others, Brethren 
 in the faid Hofpital, fettled by their 
 Deed, dated An. 1332, forty Acres of 
 Land, and thirty Shillings of Rent, 
 which they had obtained of their Friends, 
 for the Profit of the laid Hofpital, and 
 provided, that the Mafter of the fame 
 Should caufe fmy Mafles to be celebra- 
 ted yearly for ever, for the faid Bene- 
 fa&ors, &c. To this, every Mafter a-frer- 
 lyar-d was fworn at his Admillion. This 
 Deed was ratified and confirmed in the 
 fame Year, by William Archbimop of 
 York. What the Value at the Diflblution 
 was, we find not ; Speed does not men- 
 tion it, 
 
 That 'ft art on, a Priory for Canons Regu- 
 lar of St. Auguftine, founded by Ralph de 
 Ainccwt, for, the Health of the Souls of 
 himfclf, Wife, Sons and Daughters, his 
 Parents, and all his Anceftors ; and at 
 the Foundation thereof endowed by him at 
 the Intreaty, and by the Counfel of 
 fhurjlan Archbifhop of York, in pure 
 Alms, with the Manors of Thurgartov, 
 and Fiskerton, the Parks of Tburgarton, 
 and all the Churches of his whole Eftate 
 at Granby, and Cotes in 2$ottixghamjbire t 
 liwaffield, Hanenvorth, Scampiuhk, Kirkby, 
 Brauncetox, Tiniberland, and Blankeney in 
 iancoln^nre, and Elm tan, and Lang-Math in 
 H& xUxiicated this Houfe to 
 
 St. Peter, and prayed alKthe Sons of the 
 Holy Church to main tain it, and left 
 God's Favour to his Heirs, if they pre- 
 ferved it; but God's Anger, and Curfe, 
 if they did not, except they repented. 
 King Henry II. confirmed all thefe Gifts 
 of Ralph to the Canons ferving God in 
 it, and feveral others, given about the 
 fame Time by divers Benefa&ors ; and 
 among them the Churches of Blackwett, 
 Tiiheby, Sutton in AJhweH, &c. in this 
 County, and W.irrington in Lancafoire, 
 and the Mills of dive, Doverbeck,.Kirt- 
 Jington, and Spewing; giving himfelf forty 
 Acres of Land in Tethely, then to be el- 
 farted, and ten already eflarted, free 
 from all Regard, and Cuftoms of the 
 I^oreftcrs, with leveral other Privileges. 
 
 The Gifts of very many other Bene- 
 fators to.o numerous to be particularly 
 mentioned, becaufe , moft of them were 
 fmall, were confirmed by King Henry III. 
 and other fucceeding Kings, efpecially ' 
 K. Edw. III. in whofe Tims Robert tb Vilers 
 gave his capital MefTuage, and whole De- 
 mefne in Uvethorp to the faid Monks ; and 
 Gerhard de Phanecurt his capital Meflua'ge 
 and whole Demcfne, Homages, and Ser- 
 vices of his Free-holders, with Wards, 
 Reliefs, Efcheats, Villeins, Coterells, 
 and their Catalls, Sequels, Lands, and' 
 Tenements, which certain Villeins and 
 Natives held of him, a Wind-mill with 
 Suit to it, as alfo all the Meadows, 
 Woods, Fifli- ponds, and Tenements in 
 Hikeling, and Kinalton, and all the Ho- 
 mages and Services of all the Free-hold- 
 ers of his Land, and Fee in Kirkby, and 
 Scapzuick, in Lincoln JJiire, with many others. 
 
 The Prior of this Monaftery claimed 
 View of Frank-pledge, 3 Edw. III. in 
 his Manors of Tkurgarton, Fiskerton, Crop- 
 hill, Outhorp, Hickling, Granly, and Sutton^ 
 and Afiize of Bread and Ale in Hickling^ 
 and Hoxworth, and that the Villeins be- 
 longing to their Houfc in the faid Places, 
 Ihould not do any Suit to the King's 
 Wapentakc of B'wgham, for which they 
 produced King Henry Ill's Charter dated 
 at Marlebonugh, Reg. 18. Thefe Eftates 
 and Privileges were enjoyed by the Pri- 
 or and Carons till the Diflblution, when 
 their Houfe was refigried into the King's 
 
 Hands
 
 NO 
 
 INGHJMSHtRE. 
 
 i 7 
 
 Hands by John Berwick, the laft Prior, 
 and eight Canons, being then valued at 
 159/. 9j. 4d. far Ann. Dugd. 359;. 15 j. 
 IO^. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 The Site and Demefne of the Priory, 
 after the Diflblutipn, was given to Wil- 
 liam Cooper, the King's Servant, and Ci- 
 cely his Wife and their Heirs, 30 Henry 
 VIII, as is above obferved; but the 
 Lands and Rents in HicMng in this 
 County, were by Letters Patent 6 Ediv. 
 VI. granted to Lionel Ducket, and Edward 
 Whitchurch, excepting the Tithes which 
 belonged to this Monaftery, which 5 
 Eliz.. were granted to Sir Thomas Grejham 
 and his Heirs. 
 
 Tux ford, a College, for which J-oln de 
 Longvillers obtained a Licence of King 
 Edward III. Reg. 31, to found it in the 
 Parfonage Houfe of Tuxford for five, 
 Chaplains, of whom one fhould be War- 
 den, and to give them and their Succef- 
 fors the Advowfon of the Church (which 
 was held of the King in Caplte} to pray 
 for the healthy Eftate of the.faid John, 
 while he lived, and of his Soul when he 
 was dead, as alfo for -the Souls of his 
 Father Thomas de Longvlllers, and all the 
 faithful departed, daily for ever ; but 
 the faid John, not perfuing his Founda- 
 tion in that Manner, the faid King upon 
 his Petition, granted him a Licence the 
 fame Year, to give the faid Advowfon 
 to the Prior and Canons of Newftede in 
 Shirewood, for their finding five Chaplains, 
 viz. three in the Church of Tuxford, and 
 two in the Church of the Convent of 
 Newftede, to celebrate divine Service for 
 the Souls of the faid John de Longvillers, 
 &c. as was appointed in the former 
 Grant, having Liberty to receive the 
 faid Advowfon, and appropriate it to 
 themfelves, and their Succeflbrs forever, 
 for the faid Ufes. The Re&ory after 
 the Diflblution, was fettled by King 
 Henry VIII. on Trinity Coll. Cambridge. 
 
 Wallingwells, a Benedictine Nunnery 
 founded by Ralph de Chearolcurt, who with 
 the Confent of his Heirs, gave and 
 granted, and by his Charter confirmed 
 to Almighty God, and the Virgin Mary, 
 his glorious Mother, a Place in his Park 
 ut Carleton by the Wells, and River 
 
 ftreaming from the WeJls, which fhould 
 be called St. Mary of the Park, to make 
 and build there an Habitation for holy 
 Religion, fo free, that it fhould not de- 
 pend on any other Place ; and for all 
 religioufly ferving God and St. Mary* 
 and living regularly in that Place, for 
 the Remiflion of all his Sins, and the 
 Safety of his own, Father's, and Alo- 
 ther's Souls, and for all them who for 
 the Love of God fhall help and. 
 ma-intain this Place. He gave the Ri- 
 ver of the Wells to them to make Mills 
 upon it for their Profit ; Pafture 
 in the Park for all their Beafts ; Paun- 
 age for their Swine; and a Way for their 
 Carts through it, to bring in and carry 
 out their Corn ; and Lands in Rujlock, 
 Weft-Holm, &c. with a great BleflSng 
 upon his Heirs, that they Ihould maia- 
 tain his Alms, and a Curfe, if they 
 fhould diminifh it, 
 
 From this Founder it defcended by the 
 Female Heir, to the Family of Furneux, 
 the Male Line of which Family is now 
 in Being in Darbyfilre, bearing the Name 
 of Roper. This Monaftery fell in the ge- 
 neral Defolation of the Abbies, and the 
 Revenues were valued at 587. 91. lorf. 
 per Ann. Dugd. 8 7 /. us. 6 d. Speed. 
 
 The Site of this Nunnery was granted 
 to Richard Pipe of London, Leather-feller, 
 and Francis Bowyer Grocer, with other. 
 Things for twenty-one Years, 6 Eliz,. 
 
 Welbeck, a Monaftery of white Monks> 
 or Pr<emonjiratenfes, founded by Thomas de 
 Ctfkeney, whofe Anceftors Joceus de Fte~ 
 mange having obtained the Inheritance 
 of an old Saxon Knight, or Drenge^ 
 named Gamelbere. His Son Richard be- 
 came Lord of Cukeney ; and then being a 
 Man of great Wealth, married the Cou- 
 fin of Earl Ferrers, and fettled the .two- 
 Carucats, which had been Gamelbere's 
 Land, upon her, Thomas de Cukeney was 
 their Son, and having been educated at 
 Court, ferved the King in Peace and in 
 War, built him a C&&\c&t Cukeney in War y 
 and being reftored, founded this Abbey 
 of Wdbeck, in the Reign of King Henry 
 II. He began it in the Reign of King; 
 Stephen, but did not -finilh it, till Henry 
 obtained the Crown. He dedicated it to 
 A a a St.
 
 St. James, and by his Charter direSed 
 to Roger Archbifhop of York, gave and 
 granted to St. Berengxrius Abbot of Wei- 
 beck, and to all his Succcflbrs, and the 
 Brethren of that Place regularly ferving 
 God, according to the Order of the Pne- 
 tnonjlwtenfes, by the Counfel of St. Serh, 
 Abbot of Ne&piti in Lir:rol>ijl)ire, in free, 
 quiet, ard perpetual Alms, the Site of 
 the Abbey, and all the Lands between 
 the Abbey,^~and a Place called Belgh, 
 confifting in Meadows, Paftures, Woods, 
 tilled Lands, and the whole Sart nigh it; 
 as alfo his Interell in the Church of St. 
 Mary of Cukeney, in which the faid Ab- 
 bey flood; the Churches of EtiveJl in 
 Darbyjhire, and Whitene, which were in 
 his Fee ; the Mill of Langnet, and the 
 \vhole Land of Hirft with the Common 
 of Failure. All which he gave to the 
 Church of WeJbeck, and the Monks fer- 
 ving Gcd there, for his own, Father's, 
 Mother's, and Anccftors Souls, and 
 theirs, from whom he had unjuftly taken 
 any Goods. 
 
 King Henry II. confirmed all thefe 
 Gifts of the Founder, and many others, 
 as of Ralph tie Eeliafago of the Land of 
 ^Clurt, which he gave when the firft Foun- 
 dation was laid ; of Ralph Silvan of a 
 'Wood near Belgh, and Common o/ Pa- 
 fture of his Land ; of Leuric Ae Hurft 
 two Bovats, and an Houfe in Norton ; of 
 Peter Ae Cctes of the Church of Cotes, and 
 certain Lands and Meadows there; and 
 of Simon Fetz. Simon and Ifabel his Wife, 
 who gave the Church of Hertewell, and 
 two Bovats of Land there, and a Space 
 of Wood. In the following Reigns thefe 
 Canons found many Benefactors, as Ro- 
 lert Ae JWanill Lord of Wbitewell, gave 
 them a Quarry in his Land to build 
 their Church, and Offices of their Ab- 
 bey ; Ralph Brjfft gave them fome Mills 
 at Lanpuat ; Oliver De'mrourt s;ave them 
 the Tithes of his Multure of his whole 
 Mill of Crrjfewell; Roger Deincourt to fu- 
 llain three Canons to celebrate divine 
 Service in this Convent, gave his whole 
 Land and Meadows in Winefeld^ with 
 Comnon of Failure in Leghagb; but ex- 
 ccptcd the Church and fome Lands be- 
 longing to the Eovat of JParkbHs ; and Sir 
 
 Richard de Wiverton gave them the Town 
 of Dokmanton in fterbyjbire, which was 
 confirmed by Sir Richard Bajfet, and Hen- 
 ry Stutevilly of whofc Barony it was 
 held. 
 
 King Edward I. by his Charter bearing 
 Date, Apr, 5. Reg* 19. granted to the 
 Abbey and Convent of fVelbeck, and their 
 Succeflbrs, Free-warren in all their De- 
 mefne Lands, confifting of twenty fcven 
 Manors in this County, Lincofafoire, and 
 Darbyfoire ; and afterwards granted them 
 his Part of the Wood, and Soil of 
 Roumwood, being fixty Acres by the 
 Perch of the Foreft, and his Land at 
 Carkerton-Storth by the faid Wood, pay- 
 ing 28 s. a Year for all Services; which 
 lall the Abbot had Licence to make a 
 Park of. But the moft remarkable Do- 
 nation to thefe Monks, was that of fdhn 
 Hotham Bifbop of Ely t and the Compo- 
 fition made thereupon between the faid 
 Bifhop, and John Ae Nottingham Abbot 
 of Welbeck, and his Convent, viz- That 
 for the Manor of Cttkeney, with the Ap- 
 pertenances, and two Meflfuages, on 
 Hundred twenty Acres of Land, ei^h 
 of Meadow, and fix of Wood, with the 
 Appertenances in Holbeck by Cukeney, the 
 faid Abbot and Convent r and their Suc- 
 ceflbrs, fhould find eight Canons in their 
 Abbey, to celebrate divine Offices for 
 the good Eftate of King Edward III. and 
 his Queen, and Children, and for 
 the Souls of his Anceftors, and the Bi- 
 fliop's Father, Mother, Brother, &>c. but 
 efpecialiy for the Health of the faid 
 Lord Bifhop, while he lived, and after 
 his Death for his Soul, and for all theirs 
 that had faithfully lerved him, done 
 him any good, and all the faithful de- 
 parted ; as alfo to celebrate his Anniver- 
 fary as the Founders, and on their Days 
 of commemorating the Dead, abfolve 
 his Soul by Name, and fwear that they 
 would never diminifh the Number of 
 ei^ht Canons, but maintain the faid Ce- 
 lebration for ever ; and never procure 
 any Difpenfation from the Pope, King 
 of England, or Superior of then* Order, 
 or any other to fubftraft from it, and 
 if their Order ihonld be fupprefled, 
 the Bifliops fliould quietly enter, and 
 
 peaceably
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 189 
 
 peaceably enjoy the faid Manor, Meflfua- 
 ges, and Lands ; but the A& of Parli- 
 ament prevented it, by giving all the 
 Abbies, and their Lands to the King, 
 and among them this, which at the Dil- 
 iblution was refigned into King Henry's 
 Hands, by the Prior Richard Richmond 
 (alias Benty) and feven Canons, who had 
 Allowances for Life, 50 /. per Ann. the 
 Prior and the Canons imall Sums, being 
 valued at 249 /. 6 s. 3 d. per Ann. Dugd. 
 2.98 /. 4 j. 8 d. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 King Henry VIII. having this Houfc, 
 and the Lands thereunto belonging in 
 his Hands, did, Reg. 30, grant to Richard 
 Whalley and his Heirs, the Site of the 
 Abbey of Welheck, and all the Houfes 
 and Lands adjoining to it ; with the 
 two Granges called "Betters and Hirjls, 
 and feveral Clofes and Groves to them 
 belonging, which Queen Elizabeth Reg. I. 
 gave him a Licence to fell by the Name 
 of the Demefne of the Manor of Wei- 
 beck, toEdward born Citizen and Cloarh- 
 worker of London. But it reverted to 
 the Crown in the later End of Queen 
 Elizabeth's Reign, and fhe granted it to 
 Robert Booth Eiq; and Ranulph Cotterel 
 -Gent. It was late the Manfion-Houfe of 
 ihe Duke of Newcajlle, and is probably 
 his Heirs. The Buildings of the Manfion- 
 Hoxife are noble and magnificent ; but 
 Dr. Thoroton tells us, that the Chapel lay 
 defolate, being buried in the Ruins of 
 its own Roof, in 1674, ar >d no Wonder 
 his Grace can over-look the Deftru&ion 
 of a Chapel, when King and Parliament 
 made fuch Havock and Defolations in 
 the Church in all Parts. 
 
 Wirkfop, or Workfop, a Monaftery for 
 Canons Regular of St. Augufin, founded 
 by Witt'iam de Luvetot, a principal Man 
 in Huntindorfiire, in the Church of St. 
 Cuthbert of Wirkfop. To ir, afterwards 
 by the Concefiion and Confideration of 
 Emme and his Children, He granted 
 and confirmed by his Deed, his Gift 
 which he had made to God, holy Church,- 
 and the Canons of St. Cuthbert at Workfop, 
 in perpetual Alms. i. The whole Chapel- 
 ry of his whole Houfc, with the Tithes, 
 and Oblations, a. The Church of Work- 
 fop, in which the Canons were, with the 
 
 Lands and Tithes, and all Things be- 
 longing to the Church ; and the Fifh- 
 pond, and Mill near the Church, and a 
 Meadow adjoining to them. 3. AH the 
 Tithes of the Pence of all his Set-rents, 
 as well in Normandy, as in England. 4. 
 One Carucate of Land in the Field of 
 Workfop, and the Meadow of Cratela. 5. 
 All his Churches of his Demefne in the 
 Honour of Blithe, with all the Lands, 
 Tithes, and Things belonging to thofe 
 Churches. 6. The Tithe of Paunage, 
 Honey, Venifon, Fifli, Fowl, Malt, and 
 Mills, and all other Things, of which 
 Tithes were wont, or ought to be given, 
 which Gifts were confirmed by Kin^ 
 Henry I. 
 
 The Benefators to this. Abbey were 
 moft of them of this Family of Lovetot, 
 for Richard de Luvetot not only confirm- 
 ed his Father's Gifts, but added his Part 
 of the Church of Claverburgh, and two 
 Bovats of Land in Herthwik. Cecilia de 
 Lovetot alfo gave the Church of Dinijley 
 in Hartfordjbire, which Pope Alexander III. 
 confirmed to the Convent. William de 
 Luvetot alfo the Son of Richard, gave and 
 confirmed to them the Tithes of all his 
 Rents, which he then had, or ever 
 fhould have, and wherefoever on this 
 Side or beyond the Sea. Gerard de Fur- 
 nival, alfo at the Requeft of his Wife 
 Matilda de Luvetot, granted to the Church 
 of St. Mary, and St. Cuthbert of Radford, 
 (alias Workfop} and the Canons there, for 
 the Health of his Soul, and his Wife's, 
 their Anccftors, and Succeflors, Pafture 
 for forty Cattle in the Park of Workfop y 
 every Year from the Clofe of E-iJler, to 
 the Feaft of St. Michael The laid Ma- 
 tilda, Wife of Sir Gerard de Furnival, 
 gave a Mark of yearly Rent out of her 
 Mill at Workfop, to be received yearly 
 upon St. Luke's Day, O&ob. 18, for the 
 TJfe of this Convent, who are then to 
 celebrate the Anniverfary of her Hus- 
 band. Sir Gerard Furnival was buried in 
 this Monaftery, and with his Body gave 
 the third Part of ^ the Mills of Bradfeld, 
 with the Suit of his Men of that Sokc. 
 Bertha al'b, the Wife of Sir Thomas Fur- 
 nival, in her Widowhood, for the Health 
 of her own, and Husband's Souls, and 
 
 her
 
 ipo 
 
 her Brother Gerard's, gave and confirm- 
 ed four Pounds of Silver, to be taken 
 out of her Mill at Brad/eld during her 
 Life. Others of this Family of Luvetot, 
 from whom the Furnivals, and Talbots 
 are defcended, were Benefaftors to this 
 Houfe in a lower Degree. 
 
 Pope Alexander III. by his Bull da ted An. 
 f)om. i id i, confirmed the feveral Eftates 
 of thefe Canons, and moreover granted 
 to them divers Privileges, as to pay no 
 Tithes of the Cattle, and Lands in their 
 own Occupation ; to prefent Priefts from 
 among their own Brethren to the Bifhop, 
 t;o be inftituted in the Parifli Churches, 
 */hich belonged to their Houfe, who fliall 
 be anfwerable to the Bifhop for the 
 ure of the People's Souls, and to the 
 Priory, for the Profit of the Livings ; to 
 have a Cemetary free for the Burial of 
 fuch as defire to be buried with them, 
 iaving the Rights and Dues of the Parifh. 
 Churches, from whence the Dead are 
 brought ; and to celebrate divine Offices 
 privately in the Time of a general In- 
 terdift. All thefe their Lands and Li- 
 berties were confirmed by King Henry II. 
 and the Canons enjoyed them quietly, 
 till it was diflblved by Aft of Parliament 
 with other Abbies, when Thomas Stocks 
 Prior j and fifteen of the Canons, fur- 
 rendered this Convent to King Henry 
 VIII's Commiffioners, and had Allow- 
 ances for Life, viz- 50 /. the Prior, and 
 
 the Canons fmall ones, as five or fix 
 Pounds each. It was then valued at 
 139 /. 10 j. 5 d. per Ann. Dugd. 302 /. 6 s. 
 10 d. Speed ex Lei. NJebr't i 
 
 King Henry VIII. having the Mona- 
 fteries and their rich Endowments at his 
 Difpofal by Aft of Parliament, granted 
 the whole Site and Precinft of this Mo- 
 naltery, and all the Mefiuages and 
 Houfes, and feveral Clofes and Field?, 
 and four Acres of Arable, to Francis Earl 
 of Shrewsbury, Reg. 33. to hold to him 
 and his Heirs, of the King in Capite, by 
 the Service of the tenth Part of a 
 Knight's Fee, and by the Royal Service 
 of finding the King a Right-Hand Glove, 
 at his Coronation ; and to fupport his 
 Right Hand: that Day, as long as he holds 
 the Scepter in it, paying yearly 25 /. 8 s. 
 o d. ab. Rent ; but King Edward VI. 
 Reg. i. gave the Reftory of Wortfop, 
 and all the Tithes of Corn and Hay in 
 the feveral Hamlets of this Parifh. there- 
 unto belonging, to Henry Bifhop of Lin- 
 coln, and the Rent of 3 5 /. a Year rcfer- 
 ved upon the Demife made to Wi/liam 
 Ckaftelin Merchant of London, to hold to 
 him and his Succeflbrs in perpetual Alms. 
 
 The Church, or Reftory of WiffaJ, 
 alias Wifoawe, late belonging to this 
 Priory, and all the Lands and Tene- 
 ments thereunto appertaining, King JEW- 
 ward VI. Reg. 6. granted to Thomas Ree'oe 
 and George Cotton (Gent. 
 
 The
 
 NO TTINGHJ M SHIRE. 
 
 The MARTYRS of Ms Comfy . 
 
 IN all pur Hiftories about the tragical 
 Sufferings for Religion, either in the 
 Reigns before Queen Alary, from the 
 preaching of Wickllffe to her Time, or 
 in her fiery Reign we do not meet with 
 any Martyrs in this County, which laft 
 we fuppofe may jurtly be imputed to the 
 Goodnefs and Mildnefs of the Diocefan, 
 Archbimop Heath, who was a meek and 
 conscientious Man, of a moderate and 
 - compaflionate Temper, hating all vio- 
 lent ami pcrfecnting Principles and Prac- 
 tifes ; but though we find no Martyr in 
 this County, we have a very remarkable 
 One of it, viz- Archbifhop Cranmer, who 
 was a Native of it, and of whom we 
 choofc to fpeak as fuch in this County, 
 not only from the Authority of Dr. Ful- 
 ler (in his Worthies of. this County) but 
 becaufe in Oxfordjhire, where he fuffered 
 Martyrdom, we mall have many that 
 will require Enlargement. We have al- 
 ready in Kent fpoken of him as an Arch- 
 bifhop, and may perhaps in Oxfordshire 
 have Occasion to mention, and relate 
 his Steadinefs and Courage, in oppofing 
 the erroneous Do&rines of his Times, 
 and his learned Vindication of the 
 Truth; but here we will confine our 
 felves to his Sufferings, which at length 
 concluded in his Burning at Oxford. 
 
 Thomas Cranmer was born at Arfelacton 
 in this County, of an ancient and gen- 
 tile Family ; and being educated in good 
 Learning, was chofen Fellow of jefits 
 College in Cambridge, where being Tutor 
 to two Sons of Mr. Creffy of Waltham 
 Abbey in Effex, he reforted with his Pu- 
 pils to their Father's Houle, and ftayed 
 there fome Months f bo'caufe the Plague 
 was then at Cambridge. While he re- 
 .matned here, King Henry VIII. came 
 down to Wahham, and two of his Har- 
 bingers, Dr. Stephans (lays Fox, but o- 
 thers Dr. Stephan Gardiner} and Dr. Fox 
 lodged in Mr. Cr'eQy's Houfe* The 
 King's Divorce was then going on, tho' 
 
 fo flowly, that the King was much 
 troubled about it, and thefe two Per- 
 fons being great Promoters of it, and 
 knowing that Dr. Cranmer was a Perfon 
 of great Learning and Judgment, thought 
 it a very happy Accident, that they 
 came to the Houfe where he was, and 
 were very defirous to have his Judg- 
 ment about the King's Divorce, which 
 had met with fo many Obltacles in the 
 . Court of Rome, and was oppofed as un- 
 lawful by many of the Hierarchy. Ha- 
 ving then gotten a good Opportunity of 
 difcourfing with him one Night at Sup- 
 per, they requefted of him to give them 
 his Opinion about the King's Caufe. To 
 which he anfwered at firft, that .he 
 could fay little to the Matter, becaufe 
 he had never ftudied the Cafe, nor be- 
 flowed many Thoughts upon it ; but at 
 length -faid, That in his Opinion there 
 was too much ado made in pro fecu ting 
 it by the ecclefiallical Law. It would 
 be much better, as he fuppofed, That 
 the Queftion, Whether it be lawful to 
 marry a Brother's Wife, or no, be dif- 
 cufled, and decided by Divines, and by 
 the Authority of the Word of God, 
 whereby the King's Conference may be 
 fatisfied, and quieted, and ,the King 
 eafed of thefe fruftratory Delays. And 
 this may be done in the Universities of 
 England, as well, or better than any fo- 
 reign Nation ; for the Authority of 
 Scripture will compel any Judge foon to 
 come to a definitive Sentence, which be- 
 ing once pafled, the Bifhop of Rome has 
 no fuch Authority, as to difpenie. with 
 the Word of God, and the Scripture.; 
 and fo the Caufe will have a certain 
 and fpeedy End. The Harbinger. Doc- 
 tors mightily approved of this Advice 
 of Cranmer's, and having reported it to 
 the King, he was greatly pleafed with 
 it, faying, This M#n hath the Sow by the 
 right Ear i and fending for him, employ- 
 ed him. in Writing, and ErabaUes to
 
 19* 
 
 NO 
 
 ING HA MS HI RE. 
 
 the Pope, and other Princes, till his 
 Divorce was compleated, through the 
 Judgment of the Universities at Home 
 and Abroad; who unanimoufly conclu- 
 ded, That no fuch Matrimony was law- 
 ful by the Word of God, and Cranmer 
 was fent to Rome to defend it on the 
 King's Behalf, and maintain to the 
 Pope's Face, that he ought not by any 
 Means to difpenfe with the Contrary. 
 
 From this Time Dr. Cranmer, indeed, 
 fettled himfelf fo firmly in the King's 
 Love and Favour, that by all the Artifi- 
 ces of his Enemies, he never could be 
 rooted out of it, (which hardly could ever 
 be faid of any Perfon elfe) but yet by this 
 Advice, and his ASivity in defending it, 
 lie got fo many Enemies, that his Mar- 
 tyrdom piay be commenced from hence; 
 for his Enemies never left perfecuting 
 him, till they brought him to the Stake, 
 as will appear from fome few Inftances 
 out of a Multitude, which we Ihall pro- 
 duce. 
 
 i. The firft Proof of the King's fpe- 
 cial Regard and Favour was, that upon 
 the Death of Archbifliop Warham, who 
 was a great Patron of Learning, a good 
 Canonift, and a wife States-man ; but a 
 cruel Perfecutsr of Hereticks. He 
 would think upon no Perfon to fucceed 
 him, but Dr. Cranmer. The Do&or was 
 then in Germany ; maintaining the King's 
 Caufe againft the Emperor's Divines, 
 who were deeply engaged on Queen 
 Katharine's Side, upon the Account of 
 the Relation fhe had to their Mafter; 
 but notwithftanding the Importance of 
 the Embafly, the King fent a Meflage 
 to him to haften his Return ; Cranmer 
 received it rather with Surprize than 
 Thankfulnefs, fuch a Promotion being 
 above his Thoughts, and fo had an Ef- 
 feft on him much different from what k 
 would have had upon moft others; for 
 he had a true and primitive Senfe of fo 
 mighty a Charge, and inftead of embra- 
 cing it with Joy and Satisfa&ion, he was 
 really afraid of it, and ufed all his En- 
 deavours to be ex cu fed from fo great an 
 Advancement : ard becaufc he hoped, 
 that if he kept himfelf out of the 
 King'j Prcfcncc, his Mujcfty would 
 
 think upon fome other, he upon Pre- 
 tence of his Majefty's neccflary Affairs 
 in Germany, ftaid ieveral Weeks there 
 lortger than he intended, or would have 
 done, but for that Reafon ; but King 
 Henry's Refolutions were immovable, 
 and he knew, that it would be as fatal 
 to refufe his Favours, as to incur his 
 Difpleafure ; and fo came over and ac- 
 ceptcd of it. 
 
 Having accepted it, he was in great 
 Trouble of Mind about the Oaths, and 
 many fuperftitious Ceremonies, which 
 he was to pafs through, holding it un- 
 lawful any Manner of Way to fubmit to- 
 the Pope's Jurifdi&ion, which when the 
 King underftood, he not only fent for 
 the Pall, and paid the Fees for it, but 
 allowed him to take the Oath with what 
 Exceptions and Refervations he thought 
 fit, which he did, with this folemn Pro- 
 tcftation. In Nomine Dei, Amen. Coratn 
 vobis, &c. i. e. In the Prefence of God I 
 declare to you, (viz. the Bifliops of Lincoln, 
 Exeter, and St. dfaph, by whom he was 
 Confecrated, and the Congregation then 
 prefent) That It is not my Intention or WtU 
 by this Oath (however the Words may 
 Ibund) to oblige my felf to any Thing, to be 
 faid or done hereafter, that either jhall be t or 
 jhaU feeta contrary to the Law of God, the 
 Honour and Dignity of the King, the Laws, 
 Liberties, and Privileges of England ; nor 
 to tye up my felf from fpeaking freely of, and 
 confuting about the Reformation of Religion, 
 Government of the Church, and Prerogatives 
 of the Crown, and Good of the Kingdom* 
 &c. And this, he did not by any inward 
 Refervation in his own Mind, but open- 
 ly, and publickly in three feveral 
 Places, viz. i. In his Chapter-Houfe 
 2. At the High Altar on his Knees, when 
 he was consecrated. 5. At the fame 
 Place when he received his Pall. 
 
 But though he came to th Archiepi 
 copal Dignity with the King's hearty 
 good Will, Envy and Calumny pcrfued 
 him, even from the very Beginning, 
 not only becaufc he had appeared Chief 
 in the Queen's Divorce, which fet all 
 her Friends, and fueh as were for up- 
 holding the Pope's Authority againft 
 him ; but a 1 moft all the reft of the Na- 
 tion,
 
 NO 
 
 1NGHAM S HIRE. 
 
 rion, who favoured the 'old Religion, 
 and cared not for a Change, or found 
 their Gain in Popifli Trinkets, as Roods, 
 Altars, Tapers, and many other Things. 
 Tkcfe Men, both Pricfts and Lay-men, 
 racked their Invention to find out fcan- 
 dalous Stories, which might in common 
 Vogue render him uncapable, or un- 
 worthy of fo great an Honour. Thus he 
 was flandered. 
 
 i. As an Hoftler, and a Perfon of no 
 Literature, or ingenuous Education. 
 The Ground of this Calumny was this, 
 That after his Marriage, when he left 
 his Fellowfhip, he placed his Wife at 
 the Dolphin in Cambridgt, with a Relation 
 of hers, who was the Wife of the Ma- 
 fter of that Ian, or Tavern, and on 
 that Account was often there, though at 
 the fame Time he was Divinity Reader 
 in Buckingham College. Of this Slander 
 a Parfon in the northern Parts was con- 
 vi&ed, and being informed of to the 
 Lord Cromwell, was apprehended, impri- 
 foned, and fliould have been feverely 
 punifhed; but the Archbimop's Grocer 
 being his Kinfman, made fuch Applica- 
 tion to him, that upon humbling himfelf, 
 and begging Pardon, he was forgiven, 
 though Cromwell was not pleafed with 
 the Archbifhop for doing it. 
 
 z. Others alledged againft him, that 
 he was altogether uncapable of a Bifhop- 
 rick, becaufe he was guilty of Bigamy, 
 or marrying of two Wives, contrary to 
 the Apoftle's Conftitution, i Tim. iii. z. 
 which fays, A Bijhop ntnfi be the Husband 
 lut of one Wife. This Objc&ion feems 
 weighty, becaufe it is founded upon a 
 divine Authority, but 'tis no lefs flande- 
 rous, becaufe the ObjeStors could not 
 but know, that the Text is meant of one 
 Wife at a Time, contrary to the Ufages 
 of the Age the Apoftle lived in, of ha- 
 ving many Wives at once. It is not Bi- 
 gamy to have two or more Wives fuccef- 
 fivcly ; for as St. Paul fays of the Wo- 
 man, it is true of the Man, // the Wife 
 be dead, the Husband is fit Liberty to rnarry 
 another Wife without "Blame, Rom. vii. 3. 
 Indeed by the popifh Canons of thofe 
 Times, fingle Matrimony did unqualify 
 a Perfon, though never fo good or lean- 
 
 ed, from a Bifhoprick, but Dr. Cranmer 
 did not think himfelf bebarrcd from 
 Marriage by any Authority of the Pope, 
 or Councils, having the Scripture to ju- 
 ftify him in fb doing ; and being per- 
 fuaded, that it was one Sign that the 
 Church of Rome was departed from the 
 Faith, that it ford ids a whole Order of 
 Men, of like Pallions with others, to 
 marry ; and had rather they fhould 
 commit Fornication. But fince thcfc 
 falfe Reports could not hinder the 
 King's good Intentions, another Report 
 was fet on Foot, to render him con-^ 
 temptible, and his Authority null, viz.. 
 
 3. That he was not confederated by 
 any Bifhop, but was thraft into the Sec 
 by the King alone, but the FaUhood of 
 this Calumny appears from the publick 
 Regiftry of the Tranfat:ons of Cran- 
 mer s Time now in DoRors Common^ 
 wherein it is recorded, that he was con- 
 fecrated fblemnly by John Longland Bi- 
 fliop of Lincoln, John Vcyfcy, alias "Her- 
 man Bifliop of Exeter y and Henry Standijh 
 Bifhop of St. Afapk, whom none, that 
 are converfant in the Canon -Law, can 
 deny to be a fufEcient Number for fuch 
 a Performance; which the Romanics 
 muft allow, becaufe he confecratcd fome 
 of their Bifliops, as Thirlby, Kitchin, &c. 
 
 But fince the King's AfFetions wera 
 fo linked to Cranmer, that he \yould not 
 accept of any Excufe from the Archbi- 
 fhop himfelf, nor take Notice of the* 
 Obje&ions of his Enemies, but he was 
 fettled in the Archbifhoprick againft 
 their Wills ; they found there was no 
 other way to fatiate their Malice in his 
 Ruin, but fome way or other to root 
 him out of the King's Favour, and to) 
 that End they framed many Accufatiors 
 againft him, chiefly by the Inftigation of 
 the Bifliop of Winclejler, Dr. Stephen G.rr- 
 dlner, his inveterate Enemy, of which 
 we fliall give two or three Inftances. 
 
 i. The firft Accufation againft him 
 was brought to the King by his Privy 
 Council to this Effe&. Thar the Na- 
 tion was fo infe&ed.with Kcrefies, and 
 Hereticks, that it was dangerous for his 
 Majefty to leave them unreformed, leaft 
 they ihc^uld be the Caufe of fuch Tu- 
 B b raultf,
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 inults, as had lately been ftirred up in 
 Germany by their Means ; and that the 
 Archbimop and his Chaplains, by their 
 Preaching had filled the Realm with 
 them. The King, being fenfible of the 
 Defign, demanded of them, who were 
 Jiis Accufers; but they replied, Thar the 
 Archbifliop being a Privy Councellor, 
 no Alan .dare appear againft him; but 
 if his Majefty give them Liberty to im- 
 prifon him in the Tower, there would 
 be Proofs, and Accufations enough a- 
 gainft him. 
 
 The King feeing them earneft to have 
 the Archbifhop imprifoned, granted 
 their Requelt, and allowed them to 
 commit him, the next Day; but in the 
 Night fent him Word of it, and told 
 him of his Accufers. The Archbiftiop 
 anfwercd. He was well content, becaufe by 
 a Trial be could jfjew that lie was not worthy 
 if the many Slanders, that are cajl upon 
 I'im. Lord, fays the King, when he heard 
 his Anfwer, low Jimpk a Man art thou? 
 Do you vot know how you are "hated by all 
 the World, and how great Enemies you "have ? 
 I fee, you'd run Head-long into your own 
 Ruin, if I'd fujfer you. Do you conjtder how 
 many falfe Knaves may e^fily le procured 16 
 lear Witnefs againjl you ? Rut your Enemies 
 tyall not prevail. However, when the Cc un- 
 til fits to Morrow and fends for you, wait 
 $n them; and if they charge you with that 
 Matter, and threaten to Commit you to the 
 Tower, require of the n^, as one of the Conn- 
 til, to have thy Accusers brought before them, 
 and hear thy Defence ; and if they will not 
 le fatisfed, but will fend you to the Tower, 
 take my Ring (which the King -pulled of 
 and gave him) anA fay, I Appeal to the 
 Kings own I 1 erf on, and leave my C'aufe to 
 kirn ; and thereupon Jli'ew. . them the Ring, as 
 a Token of the f trig's difcharging them frtni 
 any further Proceeding againft, him. The 
 Council meeting the next Day, fent a 
 Gentleman U flier for the Archbiflidp, 
 who presently came; but when he came 
 to the Council-Chamber couH not be 
 let in, but was forced a While to wait 
 among Pages, and 'Lacquies ; and being 
 called in, nothing would avail him, but 
 he muft go to the Tower ; whereupon he 
 produced the King's Ring, to the great 
 
 Amazement of the Council, and put a 
 Stop to their Defigns. The Earl of 
 Bedford was not furprized, but fpake 
 aloud. Did not I tell you that the King- 
 'would not fuffer ' the Archlujhop's Finger ta 
 Ake, much lefs his Life to be touched, and 
 ad-v'ffed you fiot to regard Talts and Fables 
 agair.ft him. The Ring being thus deli- 
 vered, the whole Council arofe, and 
 carried the Ring to the King, who re- 
 ceived them with an angry Countenance, 
 and faid, He thought he had had wifer Men 
 of his Council, than he found them to le t 
 who made the Primate of the Realm to wait 
 at their Door, as a. ferving Man ', He was 
 content they fhould try him as a Coun- 
 fellor, but not as a mean Subjeft ; He 
 perceived that they ated malicioufly a- 
 gainft him, and would have trycd him 
 to the uttermoft, could they have had 
 their Wills. At thefe Words, one of the 
 Council excufed them, declaring, what 
 they did was not out of any Malice to him, 
 but for his Purgation. Whereupon the 
 King replied, Well, well, my Lords, make 
 no more ado, Go and be Friends with him ; 
 and fo they fhook Hands with him and 
 departed ; for the Archbifliop was of a 
 moft forgiving Temper. 
 
 2. The Accufation brought againft the 
 Archbifliop by the Privy Council having 
 met with fuch ill Succefs, his Enemies 
 thought to effe their Purpofe by bring- 
 ing an Accufation againft him to the Par- 
 liament, and to that End caufed Sir 
 John Gojtwike Knt. to charge the Arch- 
 bifhop openly in the Parliament Houfe, 
 with preaching certam Sermons at Sand- 
 wich, and reading fevcral Le&ures at 
 Canterbury, wherein were contained ma- 
 nifeft Herefies agamft the Sacrament of 
 the Altar, and other Points. The King 
 was foon acquainted with, this Accula- 
 tion and faid, How comes Goftwike, who 
 dwells in Bedford/hire, or Buckingham- 
 fhire, to hear my Lord of Canterbury's 
 preafhhig in Kent 1 I known him well enough. 
 Go to him, faid the King ro .a Gcntlleman 
 of his Priyy Chamber, and tell him, that 
 if he does not go to the Archbifbop, and re- 
 concile h'nnfelf to him, /'// pluck his Gojlin'f 
 Feathers fo, that he jhall never again hav* 
 an Heart to Jlander our Metropditati, or ant 
 
 othtr
 
 NO 
 
 ING I1A MSHIItE* 
 
 learned Man. Sir John made no 
 Delay to obtain a Reconciliation from 
 the Archbifhop, by himfelf (confefiing, 
 who fef him on work, and begging Par- 
 don) and by his Friends Interceflion, 
 which being granted, the Archbifliop pa- 
 cified, the King, and fo this Matter was 
 concluded without any Trouble to the 
 Parliament. 
 
 5. But neither of thefe Difappoint- 
 mcnts difcouraged his Enemies fo far, as 
 to lay afide tiicir Defigns ', but rather 
 to lay their Plots deeper, which after 
 lome Time they thought they had fo 
 framed, that his Ruin would be unavoid- 
 able. His antienc Enemies procured, 
 that not only the Prebendaries of his 
 Cathedral Church of Canterbury, but al- 
 fo the moft famous Juftices or Peace in 
 the County of Kent fliould accufe him, 
 and article againft him and his Chap- 
 lains, for preaching erroneous Doctrines, 
 within his Diocele. The Articles were 
 well drawn up, and fubfcribed, and be- 
 ing prefented to his Majefty by Men 
 or fuch Credit, there was no Doubt (as 
 they thought) but the King would con- 
 ceive an high Indignation againft him, 
 and caufc him to have condign Punifli- 
 ment. .W'hen the King had received 
 them, he read them, and putting them 
 into his Sleeve, crofled over to Lambeth, 
 to fliew them the Archbifliop. The 
 Archbifliop having read them, on his 
 Knees begged of the King to appoint a 
 Commiflion to examine into the Truth of 
 them, which he accordingly did ; and 
 by the A&ivity and Contrivance of Dr. 
 Lee, one of them, the whole Confpiracy 
 was detefted to proceed from the Bifliop 
 ofWinchejler, Dr. London, fome Juftices of 
 Kent, the Suffragan of Dover, and Dr. 
 Barber a Civilian. Thefe two laft the 
 Archbifliop had both well promoted, and 
 much delighted in their Company, and 
 Gonverfation ; whereupon having gotten 
 their Letters, He called them into his 
 Study -under a Shew of taking their Ad- 
 vice, as he had often done before, and 
 faid to them, Ton are Men, in whom I 
 have had great Confidence and Trujl', and 
 now I mujt con fait with yctt in a. Matter tf 
 Importance 1 avi greatly abttftd y by 
 
 Perfvns to ivhom I have communicated my Se* 
 (rets from Time to Time ', for they have r.of 
 or// repealed r,iy Secrets, lut accufcd me of 
 Herefy, and jet up th?mf elves IVitaeffes a- 
 gainjl me : I dt.fi.re you to tell me, ksiv I f:att 
 behave my felf towards them ', a>:d what 
 ought to be done to tlem ? Why, fays Dr. 
 Barker, they deferve to ' be h.ingcd. NVry, 
 fays the Sunru. ,an, hanging is toj good jo* 
 them, and if there wanted an Executioner, 
 I'd be the Hangman. At theie Words the 
 Archbifiiop lifted up his Hands, and faid, 
 Merciful God, whom can a Man truft ? 
 There it ro Faith in Man, never Man was 
 handled, as I am ', but thou, Lord, baft al- 
 ways defended me, and lent me one good 
 Friend the King, without whofe Prote ft/on I 
 rould not live ene Day, &c. / praife thy 
 Name, and therefore. And then pulling 
 their Letters out of his Bofom, fa id to 
 them, Know ye thefe Letters, my Matter* ? 
 With that they fell down on their Knees, 
 and defiring Forgivenels, difcovered by 
 whom they were tempted to if. The 
 gentle Archbifliop replied, God forgivs 
 you, and make you both gocd Men, I per' 
 ce'we their is no Fidelity among them. If fuck 
 Men as you cannot be trujled, what ficuld [ 
 do alive? And fo difmifled them. Tha 
 other Letters were preferred in order ro 
 the punifliing the reft of the Confpira- 
 tors; but a Parliament foon afcer mcr, 
 and a general Pardon iffuing our, no- 
 thing more was done. 
 
 4. Other Calumnies were alfo brought 
 So che King againft him, to leflen hi* 
 Efteem with his Majcfty, viz.. That the 
 Archbifliop being intent upon making a. 
 Provifion for his Wife, and Children, 
 did keep a (lender and niggardly Table, 
 not worthy to be accounted the Hofpitality 
 of a mean Gentleman, much more of an 
 Archbifliop, who has fo great a Revenue. 
 This Accufation they procured Sir Tho- 
 mas Seymour, a Gentleman of the Privy- 
 Chamber, whofe Sifter the King had 
 married, to relate to the King, as a fail* 
 Opportunity fliould offer, which he ac- 
 cordingly did ; and the King having 
 heard it, faid only, We'll talk of ttit 
 Matter another Time. About a Fortnight 
 after, the King was wafhing his Hands 
 a little before piaaer. and Sir Thomat 
 B b i hd<4
 
 u* 
 
 held the "Ewer, and when he had done, 
 He bad Sir Thomas go forthwith to my 
 Lord of Canterbury, and bid him not fail 
 te be with me at two in the Afternoon. 
 Sir Thmas went away prefently, and 
 found the Archbilhop at Dinner, the 
 Hall full of Strangers, and Servants at 
 four Tables, and being conduced to the 
 Chamber, where the Archbi/hpp was, 
 delivered his Meflage, dined with him, 
 and returned immediately to the Xing. 
 Being come into the Pretence, His Ma- 
 jefty asked him, whether he had been 
 with the Archbifhop ? And he faid, yes, 
 and that he would wait on him at the 
 Time appointed. And did not you dine 
 with Vim ? faid the King ; Tes, faid Sir 
 Thomas, and fell-down on his Knees, and 
 begged the King's Pardon for the great 
 Untruth he had lately told him about 
 my Lord of Canterbury's Houfe-keeping ; 
 for I affure your Highnefi, I never fa<w fo 
 honourable an Hall in Ms Realm (excepting 
 ycur Majf fly's} in all my life, in better Order, 
 and fo well furnijheii, which I could not have 
 believed, except 1 had feen it. Ah, faith 
 the King, have you at laft efpied the Truth ? 
 He was a very Varlet that told you this falfe 
 Story. Gocd Man he fpendeth all that he 
 lath in Houfe-teeping. The Archbimop 
 after this quietly enjoyed himfelf during 
 the Reft of King Henri* Reign, and all 
 his Son's King Edward s; but being over- 
 perfuaded to fubfcribe King Edward's 
 Will, by which Queen Mary was depri- 
 ved of her Succeffion to the Throne, 
 and the Lady Jane Gray, the Daughter 
 of Henry Duke of Suffolk, of the Royal 
 Lire by Mother's Side, eftablifhcd 
 Queen after his Death ; He with many 
 other Nobles fell under Queen Mary's 
 Difpleafure, as foon as flie, by the Help 
 of the Commons, efpccially thofe of 
 Suffolk, obtained the Crown ; for 
 
 5. The Archbifhop, with all the faid 
 Peers, except the Dukes of Northumber- 
 land ai:d Suffolk, &c. were attainted of 
 High Treafon for the faid Subfcription ; 
 but upon better Advice, fhc difchargcd 
 aJJ the Reft upon their paying certain 
 Fines ; but the Archbifhop could not, by 
 all the Interceflions his Friends could 
 make for biro, get the like Pardon, the 
 
 Queen having an old Grudge againft 
 him, for the Divorcement of her Mo- 
 ther, which was heightened by his Op- 
 pofition to her Religion in her Father's 
 Days, and the Abolition almoft of it in 
 her Brother's. The Archbifhop being 
 thus condemned for High Treafon, was 
 kept in the Tower a While; but the 
 Queen being well allured that he unwil- 
 lingly fubfcribed, and that on that Ac- 
 count deferved a Pardon as much, if 
 not more than the other Sublcribers, 
 who did it more willingly, Ihe pardoned 
 the Treafon, but laid a Charge of He- 
 refy upon him, which with the Bifliop* 
 fhe had contrived to work his Deftru&i- 
 on ; but under fome Shews of Obftinacy 
 and Incorrigiblenefs, and therefore re- 
 moved him to Oxford, to undergo fome 
 Difputations with the learned Men there 
 by which if he were not convinced, he 
 fhould dye. 
 
 About the tenth of April 1554, the, 
 Archbimop, Dr. Craxmer, was carried 
 down to Oxford, Prifoner with Dr. Ridley 
 Bifnop of London, and Dr. Latimer Bi- 
 fhop of Wcrcefter, where divers Do&ors, 
 and other Graduates, were appointed by 
 the Queen's Majefty out or both Uni- 
 verfities, to difpute againft him upon 
 thefe Queftions, viz* 
 
 I. Whether the true and natural Body 
 of Chrift, be really in the Sacra- 
 ment, after the Words of Confecra- 
 tion fpoken by the Prieft, or no ? 
 
 II. Whether in the Sacrament, after 
 the Words of Con fecration, any o- 
 ther Subftance doth remain, than 
 the Subftance of the Body and 
 Blood of Thrift ? 
 
 III. Whether in the Mafs be a Sacri-. 
 rice propitiatory for the Sins, both 
 of the Quick, or Living, and Dead? 
 
 On the fourteenth of the fame Month 
 thefe Doftors, and other learned Men, 
 began their Difputations with Cranier t 
 and the Prolocutor, afrer a ftort Speech, 
 offered the aforcfaid Queftions to the 
 Archbifhop, and asked him to fubfcribe 
 them. The Archbimop took them and 
 read them over three or four Times, 
 
 MM
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 197 
 
 and then anflvered negatively. That thy 
 were all falfe, and againtt God's holy 
 Word. The Difputants urged many 
 Arguments againft his AfTertion to prove 
 the Affirmative, viz. That the natural 
 Body of Chrift, which was conceived, 
 and born of the Virgin Mary, was really 
 prefent in the Sacrament, by virtue of 
 God's Word pronounced by the Prieft ; 
 That the Subftance of the Bread and 
 Wine did not remain after that Confe- 
 cration ; and that the Sacrifice of the 
 Church in the Mais is propitiatory, as 
 \vell for the Quick as Dead ; but the 
 Archbifhop had too much Learning to 
 be won by Sophifms, and too much Chri- 
 rlian Courage to be born down by Au- 
 thority; and therefore, after many 
 Meetings, remained firm to his Judg- 
 ment of the Nature of the Sacrament, 
 which he delivered in anfwer to the 
 three Queftions thus, viz. 
 
 i. In the firft Conclufion, if ye un- 
 derftand by this Word really, reipfa, i. e. 
 in very Deed, and effe&ually; fo Chrift 
 by the Grace, and Efficacy of hia Paf- 
 fion, is indeed, and truly prefent to all 
 his true and holy Members; but riien 
 the Sacrament ought to be celebrated 
 according to divine Inftitution in the 
 Bread, and the Wine, as a Memorial of 
 the Body {lain, and Blood fhed, and 
 then whofoever, for Man's Tradition, 
 dcnieth the Cup of Chrift's Blood to 
 Lay-men, they manifeftly refill the 
 Command of Chrift, forbidding that, 
 vhich he hath appointed to be done, 
 and are like thofe Scribes, and Phari- 
 lees of whom our Lord fpeaks, Mat. xv. 
 6", 7. Ye Hypocrites, ye have rejefttd the 
 Commandments of God for your Tradi- 
 tions. In vain you worjlnp me, teaching for 
 Dectrines the Commandments of Men, ver. 9. 
 
 But if ye underftand by this Word 
 really, ccrporaliter, i. e. corporally, fo that 
 by the Body of Chrift, is underltood his 
 natural and organieal Body, this Propo- 
 fition doth vary not only from the ufual 
 Phrafe of Scripture, but is clean contra- 
 ry to the holy Word of God, and the 
 Chriftian Profeffion for the Scripture 
 doth teftify, and the Catholick Church 
 bath ever believed, that Chrift ac his 
 
 Afcenfion did leare the World, and being 
 feated at the Right Hand of God, doth 
 and fhall there remain till he comes to 
 Judgment. 
 
 2. His Anfwer to the Second was, 
 That true Bread, and true Wine, re- 
 mained in the Eucharift after Confecm- 
 tion, as Signs, and Seals to us of God's 
 Promifes, making us certain of God's 
 Gifts towards us. Of the Bread indeed, 
 Chrift fpake thefe Words, Eat, for this if 
 my Body ; and of the Wine, Drink, for 
 this is my Blood. But the Fathers call 
 this Speaking of Chrift, tropical, figura- 
 tive, anagogical, and allegorical ; and 
 thus expreffed their Meaning. That al- 
 though the Subftance of Bread and Wine 
 do remain, and are received by the 
 Faithful, yet Chrift hath changed the 
 Appellation thereof, and called Bread by 
 the Name of his Flefh, and Wine of his 
 Blood, area rei veritate, fed jignificante my- 
 flerio, not that they are fo in very Deed, 
 but that they figmfy them in a Myftery, 
 and are fo not carnally, but fpiritually ; 
 and being adminiftred, after the Inftitu- 
 tion of Chrift, and received by Faith, 
 are to the Communicants a Memorial, a 
 Pledge, a Token, a Sacrament, and 
 Seal of the Death and Paffion of Chrift, 
 and all the Benefits of it; and on that 
 Account the Receivers arc not to look 
 t the Bread and Wine, but raife their 
 Minds to Chrift, who fits at the RiVht 
 Hand of God. 
 
 3. To this he replied, That the Obla- 
 tion of Chrift, which he offered to God 
 the Father upon the Altar of the Crofs, 
 for our Redemption was of fuch Effica- 
 cy, that there is ro more need of any 
 other Sacrifice for rhe Redemption of 
 the whole World;, for all the Sacrifices 
 of the old Law he wholly took away, 
 performing tha: in very Deed, which 
 they did iignify and promife : Wholbever 
 therefore ihall tix the Hope of his Sal- 
 vation upon any orher Sacrifice, he is- 
 faln trc.a the Grace of Chrift, and cJottv 
 an Injury to Cnrv.Vs Blood ; for God 
 laid upon him the Iniquities of us all. 
 He e nt red Into tfc Holy Place once by bis y&n 
 Blood, having obtained eternal Redemption for 
 US ; One fin tls Evd of tk? W;r!d be apfew- 
 
 et..
 
 log 
 
 NO 
 
 G HA MS HIRE. 
 
 fd to put away Sin ly the Sacrifice of hint- 
 fflf ; He was but once offered to bear the Sins 
 tf many, Heb. ix. Whofoever therefore 
 fnall leek and depend upon any other 
 Sacrifice for Sin, makcth the Sacrifice 
 of Chrift of no Validity, Force, or Effi- 
 cacy ; for if that be furficient to procure 
 the Remiflion of Sins, what need is 
 there for any other 1 And if there be a 
 Keccflity for any other, this is not fuf- 
 ficicnt. The Chriftian Sacrifices are 
 Thanks and Praife, confefllng Chrift's 
 Kame, Amendment of Life, Repentance, 
 nd Merciful nefs to the Poor. 
 
 After this, many learned Men entred 
 into difcourfc with the Archbifhop, but 
 could effcft nothing, that they aimed at 
 by Difpu ration ; wherefore having kept 
 him in Prifon three Years almoft, the 
 Doftors and other Divines fought all 
 Means to bring him to a Recantation, 
 firft carrying him to the Dean of Ckrift 
 Chink's Lodgings, and entertaining him 
 there with Refpeft and Plenty, allowed 
 him much Liberty, and fomc Recreati- 
 ons, yet procuring fome in the mean 
 Time to allure him by Promifes, or 
 frighten him by Threatenings to depart 
 from his Steadfaftnefs. Thefe Men re- 
 prefcnted it to him, i. That it would be 
 Ib acceptable a Thing to the Queen, as 
 well as for his Soul's Health, that fhe 
 would not only reftore him to his former 
 Dignity, biit grant him whatever he de- 
 fired to augment his Eftate, or Honour. 
 2. That he might prolong his Life by it, 
 and live in Eftimation and Eafe, Wealth 
 and Profperity all the reft of his Days, 
 much profiting the Age he lived in by 
 his Learning and Virtues. 3. That if 
 the Defirc of Life did not afteft him, 
 yet he ought to confider, how grievous it 
 js to dye in the Flower almoft of his 
 Age, and Height of Dignity, and that 
 under the moft grievous Torments in the 
 Fire. Thefc Flatteries and Infinuations 
 he long Time withftood, but at length 
 was overcome. He fubfcribcd a Recan- 
 tation to this ErFcK That he renoun- 
 ced the Hercfies of Luther and ZuingHus, 
 and all other Do&rines contrary to 
 God's Word; That he did confefs one 
 Holy Catholick, vifiblc Church, out of 
 
 vvhich is no Salvation, and of which 
 the Bimop of Rome is the Head ; 
 That .he believed the Sacrament of the 
 Altar to be the very Body and Blood of 
 Chrift, under the Forms of Bread and 
 Wine; That as to the other fix Sacra- 
 ments, and Purgatory, he held, as the 
 CKurch of Rome judgeth, and was forry, 
 that he ever held or thought otherwife; 
 and concluded, That he did fubmit to 
 the Catholick Church, and Head of if, 
 and alfo to the King and Queen, and 
 would ever obey them, as a faithful 
 Subjeft. This Recantation was firft prin- 
 ted and published through the whole Na- 
 tion, and was gladly received by the 
 Queen, who had now gotten a fair Op- 
 portunity to revenge her old Grudge, 
 and was refolved to put him to Death ; 
 and as if fhc had refolved to damn his 
 Soul, as well as deftroy his Body, got 
 all Things ready for his Execution, and 
 he never fo much as acquainted with it; 
 but he by fome Indications fpelling out 
 the Defign, was in a Readinefs for it. 
 Dr. Cole was appointed to preach the 
 Sermon on that fatal Day, and in it told 
 him*. That as G.d's Mercy was fuch, that 
 he did net punish Offenders according to their 
 Merits, yet it was mixed fo with jFuJiice, 
 that he did not fuffer fome Offenders to gt 
 UKpMinfoed, tho' they repented, as he did Da- 
 vid'j Adultery, and Numbering the People. 
 The fame Thing (faid he) hath happened to 
 this Doctor, to whom, though Pardon and" 
 Reconciliation is due according to the Canons, 
 feeing he hath repented of his Errors ; yet 
 there are Caufes, <why the Queen and her 
 Coundl have adjudged him to Death , of which 
 thefe are fome. 
 
 T. That as a Traitor, He diflolved the 
 lav.ful Matrimony of the King her Fa- 
 ther, and her Mother, and baniflied the 
 Pope's Authority out of the Realm, 
 while he was Metropolitan, by pcrfua- 
 ding her Fatber to aflume the Title, and 
 JurifdiHon, of the fupream Head of tha 
 Church of England. 
 
 2. That he had been an Herctick, 
 from whom, as from the Author, and 
 only Fountain, all the heretical Doc- 
 trines, and fchifmatical Opinions, that 
 have of many Years p*ft prevailed in 
 4 England,
 
 NO TTINGHA M SHIRE. 
 
 , have firft arifcn and fprung up ; 
 and of which he had been nor a fccret 
 Favonrer, but an open Defender almoft 
 all his Life, both by writing and preach- 
 ing, to the great Detriment of the Ca- 
 tholick Church. 
 
 3. That the Law of Equality did re- 
 quire it, that as the Death of the Earl 
 of Northumberland of late, did make a 
 juft Retribution for the Death of Sir 
 Thomas More the Lord Chancellor, 
 who died for the Church; fo there 
 fhould be one to make even for Dr. 
 F/fier Bifliop of Rocbefter's Sufferings, for 
 which none was fo fit as Archbiihop 
 Cyanmer. Other Reafons (he faid) the 
 Queen and Council had for this Execu- 
 tion, but they did not think meet to 
 communicate them to the People. 
 
 Ti e Archbifhop all this While flood 
 upon a Stage of a moderate Height, o- 
 ver againft the Pulpit, and when Dr. 
 Cole had ended his Sermon, and the Peo- 
 ple were going out of Church, he called 
 upon them to return, and that they 
 might not doubt of the Archbifliop's 
 Converfion, hear what he will declare 
 to them, according to his Promilc. The 
 Archbifliop hereupon began his Speech, 
 fiift defiring their Prayers to God for 
 the Pardon of his many and great Sins; 
 and then having given them feveral Ex- 
 hortations to fet their Minds upon God, 
 and the World, to come, and not dote 
 on this World ; fo obey the King and 
 Queen willingly, and gladly, as God's 
 .M in ilters; to love as Brethren; and 
 Jaftly, to be very charitable to the Poor 
 #t this Time, when the Poor were fo nu- 
 merous, and Provisions fo dear. And 
 having thus done, he farther added, 
 
 That being now come to the End of 
 his Life, after which he muft live for 
 ever, with Chrift, or Devils, it was 
 now Time not to diflemblc; and there- 
 fore whatever he had faid, or written in 
 his forepaft Life, he would declare his 
 Faith \virhout any Colour, or;Hypocrify, 
 and thus began. / believe In God the Father 
 Almighty, &c. and To recited the whole 
 Creed, And I believe every Word, and Sen- 
 tence taught by our Saviour thrift, his Apo~ 
 Jiles, and tbe Frofbets of the aid and new 
 
 199 
 
 Tejlament, and then faid, / come now it 
 the great Thing, that hath troubled me mdrs 
 than any Thing I ever did, and that is, Set- 
 ting forth a Writing in the Form cf A Re- 
 cantation contrary to thi Truth, which here I 
 renounce, as written by my Hand for Fear of 
 Death, but contrary to my Thoughts, <r Con- 
 fcience, and forafmuch as my Hand hath 
 frjt offended, 'when I ceme to the Fire, it 
 pall be frft burnt. And as to the Pope, I 
 refufe him, as Chrift' s Enemy, or Antichrift f 
 with .ill his falfe Doctrines. AvA m to the 
 Sacramext of the Lord's Supper, I believe, as 
 1 have taught in my Book written againji 
 the Bijhop of Winchefter, and other Expli- 
 cations of mine delivered in Writing, in the 
 Difputations at Oxford. 
 
 At thefe Words, all the Standers-by 
 were aftonimed, and amazed, as being 
 notably deceived in their Expc&ation, 
 but above all the Do&ors, who were be- 
 guiled of their Hopes, began to fret, 
 rage, and fume. Some accufed him of 
 Hypocrify and Falfliood, which not de- 
 nying, he faid, Hs ever loved Simplicity, 
 and had never dijfembled till now, whicl he 
 lamented with Floods of Tears ; and begin- 
 ning to fpeak more of the Sacrament, 
 and Pope, Cole from the Pulpit cried 
 out, Stop the Heretick's Mouth, and takt 
 him away. Whereupon certain Friars 
 pulled him down from his Stage, and 
 ported him to the Fire, where being 
 tied to the Stake with an Iron Chain, ht? 
 thus demeaned himfelf when the Wood 
 was kindled, and the Fire began to come 
 near him, he ftretched out his Arm, and 
 put his Right Hand into the Flame, 
 which he held fo ftcdfait and immovable 
 (faving that he wiped his Face with it 
 once) that all the Spectators might dif- 
 cern it to be burnt otF before his Body 
 was touched; when the Fire came to his 
 Body, he endured it with fuch Conftancy 
 and Stedfaftnels, that he feeincd to move 
 no more, than the Stake to which be 
 was bound. His Eyes were lifted up to 
 Heaven, and all lie was heard to fay was, 
 O ffif tai-ii-erthy Right Rand, aud, Lotd 
 J^efm receive my Spirit, and fo in the 
 midft of devouring Flames gave up the 
 Ghoft,
 
 ^co 
 
 Bifliop Godwin (T)e Prvc/W. p. 103) re- 
 lates this further memorable of his 
 Death, that after his whole Body was 
 reduced to Aflies, his Heart wa found 
 entire, and untouched, which by fome 
 is alledged as an Argument of his hearty 
 Love to the Truth ; though tear pre- 
 vailed fo much over him in bis outward 
 A&ions, that he was guilty of many and 
 
 great Failings. His Foes indeed made ic 
 a Sign of the Obduration and Hardnefs of 
 his Heart ; but though an hard Heart is 
 indeed a fbiritual Judgment, yet every 
 Heart is or Flefh, and fubjeft as much 
 to outward Accidents, as rhe reft of the 
 Body. And why it was not confumed by 
 Fire with Cranmer's Body, 'tis probable, 
 God preferved it whole for its Sincerity. 
 
 Sufferers for their Loyalty, and the Conjlitution 
 of the Church, may worthily have a Place here, 
 next after the M A R T Y R s. 
 
 . Humphry TtaWixgton was a Fellow 
 of Trinity College Cambridge, and 
 
 inifter of Keyworth in this County, of 
 which Places he was deprived by the 
 ufurping Powers, being eje&ed from the 
 firft by Violence, as the other Fellows 
 in moft Colleges in Cambridge were, and 
 fequeftred from the Latter; one Philip 
 Ormefton being put in by the Scqueftra- 
 tors. He lived to be reftored to his Fel- 
 Icnvftiip, (and as we fuppofe to his Li- 
 ving) and became Vice-Mafter of his 
 College. He was a Writer againft Po- 
 pery in the Reign of King fams II. 
 and died a Benefa&or to his College, as 
 alfo to the Building of St. Paul's Cathe- 
 dral, to which he gave fifty Pounds. 
 
 Ed-ward Bigland, B. D. Reftor of Grttt 
 and Little Leak in this County, befide$ 
 his Living, which was fequeftred, was 
 plundered of all his Perfonal Eftate 
 to a great Value, and had a Temporal 
 Elate of an hundred Pounds per Anv. 
 w.iich lay fomc Years under Sequeftra- 
 t:on. He was alfo feizcd and carried 
 Prifoner towards Nottingham; at which 
 Time being forced to lye in a Waggon 
 in the Field, he got fo much cold, as it 
 ftruck him into a Palfy, of which he 
 flicd. He was iucceeded by Mr, 
 
 who conformed at the Rcftoration of 
 King Charles II. and fb kept the Living 
 to his Death. 
 
 Dr. Marmaduke Moor, Retor of Ord- 
 fal, was fequeftred from his Living, for 
 playing at Cards three feveral Times 
 with his own Wife ; and afterwards his 
 Eftate was declared forfeited for Trea- 
 fon, by an Aft of the Rump, Nv. 18, 
 1652. 
 
 Rover RtJteJ, Re&or of Holm-P'terpoint, 
 and Brother of Tobias R*fted, that chari- 
 table Gentleman, who founded feveral 
 Scholar/hips in Jeffs College Cambridge^ for 
 Clergymen's Sons, of a good Value, and 
 did manj other pious A&s, had this 
 Re&ory fequeftred, and taken from him/ 
 but liyed to the Reftoration, and being 
 again poflefled of this Living, enjoyed it 
 many Years after. 
 
 The Eftates of many Gentleman of 
 this County were fequeftred, and they 
 were forced to pay large Compofitions, 
 almoft to their Undoing, before they 
 could come again into the Pofleflion of 
 them, for the Maintenance of their Fa- 
 mily, viz. Sir J-dhn Digby of Mans fell 
 Woodhcttfe who paid a Compofition of one 
 Thoufand fifty eight Pounds; Gervafe Lee 
 of Norwell Efqj who paid five Hundred
 
 NO 2 
 
 fixty Pounds and Charges ; Sir Gervafe 
 Clifton of Clifton, who paid feven thou- 
 fand fix hundred twenty-five Pounds; 
 Robert Butler of Southwell Efq; who paid 
 fix hundred feventy-nine Pounds ; Rich- 
 ard Mollineux of Twefrall Efq; who paid 
 two hundred fifty Pounds ; Robert JMellijl) 
 of Bugnall Efq; who by Lpfles, and Se- 
 queftrations was damaged in his Eftate 
 three thoufand nine hundred eighty-fix 
 Pounds, with many others not come to 
 our Knowledge. 
 
 The Minifters eje&ed by the Bartholo- 
 mew A& for Non-conformity in this 
 County, were many more, than thole 
 of the Church of England, being twenty- 
 nine to twelve ; but 'twill be hard to 
 underftand how fo many could be pof- 
 fefled of the Livings of this County, un- 
 lefs the eftablimed Minifters were turn- 
 ed out ; but however that be, the eje&ed 
 Clergy, (though many of them were 
 learned, pious, and deferving Men, in 
 this, and other Counties) had no Rea- 
 fon to expe& better Fare, nor perhaps 
 fo good, as they found, being many of 
 them the Trumpets of the late Rebel- 
 lion, and having no other Titles to their 
 Livings and Preferments, than what the 
 ufurping Powers had given them, which 
 
 SHI RE. 
 
 being removed, they could not but be 
 fenfible they lay open to the Enemy, 
 /. e. the contrary Party, and could hope 
 to enjoy nothing they were in Poflfeflion 
 of, but by their Permiflion, and upon 
 their Terms. And did the King, and 
 the epifcopal Men turn them out with 
 Plunderings, Sequcftrations, Imprifon- 
 ments and Compofitions for their tem- 
 poral Eftates, as thofe Perfons were, 
 into whofe Places they were put? No, 
 They might many of them have kept 
 their Livings, if they would have accep- 
 ted them on the Terms offered by the 
 Government, and if they would not they 
 ftill kept their temporal States, and 
 might have ever after lived in Peace, 
 if they had not difturbed the Govern- 
 ment with their private Conventicles, 
 under a Pretence of preaching the Go- 
 fpel, of which there could be no Need, 
 when it was (as praifed be God it ftill is, 
 and we hope ever fhall be) preached in 
 every Parifli fincerely, out of which 
 their Congregations were, and are ga- 
 thered to the great Difcontent of the 
 Incumbents, and' Difunion of the People 
 of the Nation in Chriftian Love, and 
 Neighbourhood one with another. 
 
 C c
 
 202 
 
 Of the CHARITY SCHOOLS of this County 
 
 ANneJley, a School for the Teaching 
 of fourteen Boys, how maintained, 
 .or by whom founded, we have not any 
 Information. 
 
 Beft-Thorp, commonly called Beftrttp, a 
 School fet up for the Teaching of the 
 Children of the Place, for which End 
 there is an Eftate of five Pounds a Year, 
 fettled for ever upon it, betides the Con- 
 tributions of charitable Perfons. 
 
 Eingham-y a School erefted for the 
 Teaching and Intfru&ing of thirty poor 
 Boys, upheld by the Contributrons of the 
 Inhabitants, and neighbouring Gentry. 
 
 Eridgford Eafl, a School for the Edu- 
 cating ten Boys in Reading, and their 
 Catechifm, maintained by fome chari- 
 table Perlbns. 
 
 Finnlnply, a School begun, and main- 
 tained by the Minifter of the Place, 
 but fince is improved to the Education 
 of eight Boys, which are cloathed, as 
 well as taught. 
 
 Gonaljlon, a School for fix Boys. 
 
 Harworth, a School for twelve Boys, 
 which are taught at the Charge of cer- 
 tain charitable Perfons, who contribute 
 towards it. 
 
 Havingworih, a Gentlewoman hath gi- 
 ven forty Shillings a Year, for the 
 Teaching of the poor Children of the 
 Place. 
 
 Hartfiorn, here is twelve Pounds per 
 Ann. given for the Teaching of the poor 
 Children of the Place in general. 
 
 Mamfeld, a pretty large School for the 
 Teaching of thirty-fix poor Boys, up- 
 held by a Subfcription of twelve Pounds 
 per Ann. This School was erecied in the 
 
 Year 1701. One Mr. "Brunts, who died in 
 the Year 1711, hath left four Pounds a 
 Year to this School, for the Increafe 
 and better Maintenance of it, and fur- 
 ther hath fettled on it four Pounds a 
 Year more, to put one poor Boy a Year 
 more an Apprentice ro fome Trade. 
 
 Ma&kam JE<f/?, a School for twelve 
 Boys, and eight Girls, which are all 
 cloathed, partly upheld by Contribu- 
 tions, and partly by ten Pounds a Year 
 given to it for ever. 
 
 Newarke, a confiderable School for 
 thirty-fix Boys, fupported by Contribu- 
 tions of the Inhabitants, and neighbour- 
 ing Gentry. 
 
 Nortb-ColHngham t a School, but we 
 have no further Account of if. 
 
 Nottingham, here are three Schools, in 
 the greateft of which are taught twenty- 
 five Boys, which are cloathed, and tea 
 other Children which are not, and twen- 
 ty Girls. This School is maintained by 
 Subfcriptions, and the Colle&ions made 
 yearly, at the Sermon made to recom- 
 mend the Chanty. 
 
 There is another School in this Town, 
 in the Parifh of St. Mary, where are 
 thirty Children taught. To maintain 
 this School, befides fome Contributions, 
 a Part of the Offertory at the Sacrament, 
 is allowed. 
 
 .Of the third School we have no parti- 
 cular Account. 
 
 WeJt-Hallom, a Charity-School, men- 
 tioned in our Catalogues without any 
 Defcription, how maintained, or when 
 ere&ed. 
 
 Places
 
 N O f fl N G HA M S H I R E* 
 
 ' " 
 Pisces. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Adbolton 
 
 RufhclifFe. 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 .2 13 9 
 
 19 17 6 
 
 Adonburgh 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingh. 
 
 468 
 
 1 8 15 o 
 
 Arnold 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nortingh. 
 
 7 18 i { 
 
 2.4 ii 8 
 
 Aflafton 
 
 Bingham 
 
 Bingham 
 
 a Chapelry. 
 
 
 Aver ham 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 20 o o 
 
 
 Babworth 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 14 19 2 
 
 
 Barnaby in the 7 
 \Villows i 
 
 Newark 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 5 9 9 
 
 25. 19 6 
 
 Barton in the ? 
 Beans \ 
 
 RufliclifFe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 19 3 9 
 
 
 Basford 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 87 6 
 
 14 i>> 8 
 
 Beckingham 
 
 North Clay 
 
 V. Southwell . 
 
 ^ 5 5 
 
 38 oo o 
 
 Beefton North, 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottineha. 
 
 4 15 
 
 25 10 6 
 
 Bevercotes 
 
 Hatfield the Church fall down about fixty Years ago. 
 
 Bilburgh 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 3: iz 6 
 
 3-7 6 8 
 
 Bilfthorp, or ? 
 Bilftrop J 
 
 South Clay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 } i 8 
 
 49 oo o 
 
 Bingham M. 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham. 
 
 44 7 i ! 
 
 
 Bleasby 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 4 oo o 
 
 17 ii o 
 
 Blith M. 
 
 Hatfield. 
 
 V. Redf.rd 
 
 14 9 4 .; 
 
 35 oo o 
 
 Blith Hofp. 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 H. Redford 
 
 8 14 2 
 
 
 Blodworth 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Southwell' 
 
 4, oo o 
 
 ^4 a o 
 
 Bole 
 
 North Clay 
 
 'V. Redford 
 
 , . 4 13 4 
 
 ii oo .0 
 
 Bough ton 
 Bothumfall 
 
 Hatfield fc 
 Hatfield 
 
 !ad a Church an 
 V. Redford 
 
 cienrly, but now 
 5 6 8- 
 
 has none, 
 before Di J :. 
 
 Bridgeford Eaft 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 19 8 6-1 
 
 lution, 
 
 Bridgeford Weft 
 
 Ruihcliffe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 16 14 o 
 
 
 Broughton Sulney 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 ii 9 4 i 
 
 
 Bulwell 
 
 Broxtbw 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 5 5 10 
 
 33 10 o 
 
 Bunny 
 
 RufliclifFe 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 6 15 o 
 
 i 6 5 o 
 
 Burton Joree v ? 
 cum Bulcote 5 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 4 19 *~ 
 
 25-. o o 
 
 Calverton 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 400 
 
 19 , o o 
 
 Carcalfton 
 
 Bingham. 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 6 i 10 
 
 20 14 
 
 Carl ton In Lindrick-. 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 15 13 4 
 
 J <^ 
 1 
 
 Caunton 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 421 
 
 27 14. 4-- 
 
 Clarcbrough 
 
 North Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 9 ! 5 5 
 
 T 
 
 3500 
 
 Glaworth 
 
 North Clay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 16 10 10 
 
 J / 
 
 Clifton 
 
 RufliclifFe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 21 6 10- 
 
 
 Clifton North, 
 
 Newark 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 771 
 
 : -7 - a o > 
 
 Cod^rave una pars 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 10 7 3 i 
 
 X * 
 
 Godzpavealteraparj 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Binshkim 
 
 9 14 9. ' 
 
 
 Gokency 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 R. Redford. 
 
 98 6 i 
 
 2O O'' 0< 
 
 Collingham South 
 
 Ncwarke 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 14 i 10 i 
 
 
 Collingham North 
 
 Newarke 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 8 14;. 2 
 
 8 15, o> 
 
 Colwick 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 6 i o i 
 
 x 
 
 Cartlingftock, ? 
 or Coftock 5 
 
 Pvuflicliffe 
 
 R. Bingham j 7 18 4 
 
 
 Cotes, 
 
 North CUy 
 
 a free Chapel. 1 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 I 
 
 Cot-
 
 204 
 
 NO TflNGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valttathn. 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Reah 
 
 Cotham 
 
 Newark 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 7 18 i i 
 
 18 o o 
 
 Coulfton Baflet 
 
 Bingham 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 8 7 4 
 
 
 Crop well Bifliop 
 
 Bingham 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 5 3 4 
 
 25 13 * 
 
 Cfiimweli 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 13 2 3 
 
 
 Darlcon 
 
 South Clay 
 
 a free Chapel 
 
 now in ufe 
 
 
 Dray ton Eaft, ~) 
 cum menibris 3 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 934 
 
 
 Dunham 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 4 13 4 
 
 49 10 o 
 
 Eaton 
 
 SoUth Clay 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 4 13 4 
 
 49 5 10 
 
 JCuingley 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 400 
 
 2O OO 9 
 
 Edwinftow or J 
 Edenftow 5 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 14 o o 
 
 
 Egmanton 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 4 6 o \. 
 
 25 oo o 
 
 Eikering 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 9 16 o 
 
 14 oo o 
 
 Elkefley 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 3 itf o * 
 
 i oo 
 
 'Elfton 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 9 8 9 
 
 
 Elton 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 8 05 
 
 
 Eperfton 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 13 i 8 
 
 
 Eaftwood or ? 
 Eaftwayte 5 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 413 i i 
 
 30 5 o 
 
 Everton 
 
 North Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 7 i 10 2 
 
 30 o o 
 
 Exton alias Oxton 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 6 oo o 
 
 23 10 o 
 
 Ex ton in Crop- ^ 
 well, a Preo. 5 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 Southwell 
 
 22 ~IJ) 7 
 
 
 Exton altera Preb. 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 Southwell 
 
 24 10 o 
 
 
 Farrington 
 
 Newark 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 6 13 4 
 
 
 Farnsfield 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 ^V. Southwell 
 
 4 oo o 
 
 25 I J 
 
 Finningfield 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 '3 4 9 i 
 
 
 Fledborough 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 9 7 ^ 
 
 
 Flintham 
 
 Bingham 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 626 
 
 52 o a 
 
 Gamfton 
 
 Soiuh Clay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 ii 16 5'V 
 
 
 Gedling 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 ^ R. Netting. 
 1 V. Netting. 
 
 14 6 o i 
 6 16 8 
 
 
 Gonalfton 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 7 19 a 
 
 
 Gotham 
 
 Rufhcliffe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 19 8 6 I 
 
 
 
 Granby 
 
 Bingham 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 6 3 6 i 
 
 2<S 14 5 
 
 Gryeflcy 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 850 
 
 no* 
 
 Gringley on the? 
 Hill J 
 
 North Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 7 18 4 
 
 
 Grove 
 
 South Clay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 II 14 2 
 
 1500 
 
 Hablefthorp 
 
 North Clay 
 
 had a Chapel 
 
 anciently. 
 
 
 Halmifton alias 7 
 Hallanghton $ 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 Prcb. Southw. 
 
 8 17 6 
 
 
 llartworrh alias p 
 
 
 
 
 
 Harworth cum > 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 V. Radford 
 
 597' 
 
 
 membris 3 
 
 
 
 r 
 
 
 Hawks worth 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 8 13 8 
 
 
 Hawton 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 17 13 4 
 
 
 Hay ton 
 
 North CJay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 .4*5 5 
 
 26 6 ' 
 
 4 ttcaa-
 
 NO 
 
 2oj 
 
 Parjjbes. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Headon 
 
 South Clay 
 
 \ R. Red ford 
 \ V. Redford 
 
 15 12 6 
 434 
 
 35 16 8 
 
 Hickling 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R, Bingham 
 
 18 8 4 
 
 
 Hockerton 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 994 
 
 
 Holle 
 
 North Clay 
 
 V. Retford 
 
 4 15 4 
 
 
 Holm Pierpoint 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Binsrham 
 
 1576" 
 
 
 Horringham 
 
 Thurgarton a Church without any fettled Revenue. 
 
 Houghton 
 
 Hatfield a Cfyapel anciently belonging to Tickhill. 
 
 Hucknall Torcard 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 4 18 81 
 
 20 o 
 
 Kelham 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 19 8 4 
 
 
 Keyworth 
 
 Ruflicliffe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 75o 
 
 
 Kilvington, or "> 
 Chelvington 3 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 6 12 I 
 
 48 7 o 
 
 Kirkby in Alhfield 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 
 
 Kirtlington 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 * ij 4 
 
 20 o o 
 
 Kirton 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 7 14 9 I 
 
 
 Knefal 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 IO OO O- 
 
 44 o o 
 
 Kneton or ? 
 Knevetoa 5 
 
 Bingham 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 4 9 4 I 
 
 8os 
 
 Kynolton 
 Kynfton 
 
 Bingham V. Bingham 
 Ruflicliffe an unendowed Ch 
 
 7 18 ii I 
 apel. 
 
 
 Lambley 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 10 18 3 
 
 
 Langar 
 
 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 10 711 
 
 
 Lanam orLancham 
 
 South' Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 5 3 4 
 
 21 II 6 
 
 Laston, alias 7 
 Lexinton 3 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 II 
 
 38 10 6 
 
 Leak Eaft 
 
 Rufhcliffe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 25 4 7 
 
 
 Lenton 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 926 
 
 12 16 I 
 
 Levcrton Soutk 
 
 NofthClay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 6 13 4 
 
 
 zLeverton North 
 
 North Clay 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 500 
 
 ii 14 5 
 
 Limbey 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 4 9 9 * 
 
 
 Linby 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 4 9 9 2 
 
 4: o o 
 
 Littleborough 
 
 North Clay 
 
 hath a Chapel for divine Service in ufe. 
 
 Lowdham 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Nottingha. | 4 18 4 
 
 41 9 6 
 
 Mansfield 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingha. 776" 
 
 Marton 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 here was anciently a Chapel. 
 
 MarkhamEaA 9 
 
 
 
 
 
 cum W. Dray- > 
 ton 3 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 i.i 18 ii ] 
 
 
 Markham Weft 7 
 
 
 
 
 
 cum Bever- > 
 cotes j 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 7 12 I 
 
 
 Marnham 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 8 19 2 
 
 40 o 
 
 Matterfey alias ? 
 Merfey $ 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 < 8 p 
 
 34 2 o 
 
 Merriel, or ? 
 Merriel-bridge i 
 
 Hatfipld 
 
 here was a Chapclry of old. 
 
 
 Miflen 
 
 Nprth Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 6 4 4 i 
 
 47 10 o 
 
 Mifterton 
 
 North .Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 10 5 o 
 
 17 i ~> ' o 
 
 ' M'ore
 
 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE. 
 
 Parlies. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation, 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Ke/. 
 
 More-houfe 
 
 South Clay 
 
 had anciently 
 
 a fmall Chapel. 
 
 
 Muskham South 
 
 Ditto 
 
 V. Southw. 
 J R. Southw. 
 
 40 o o 
 *3 4 7 
 
 38 15 o 
 
 M'iskham j?orfh 
 
 Ditto 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 4 J9 7 
 
 ' 7 10 o 
 
 Muskham Preb. 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Preb. Southw. 
 
 32 5 o 
 
 
 Netheley South 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Southwell 
 
 6 14 a 
 
 
 Newark Al. 
 
 Newark . 
 
 V. Newarke 
 
 21 5; i 
 
 
 Normanton by 7 
 Grefthorp 5 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 Ditto 
 
 450 
 
 35 J 4 o 
 
 Norm an ton up- ? 
 ^on Sore ' J 
 
 RufhclifFe 
 
 ^R. Bingham 
 
 7 ii o I 
 
 
 Northweli 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 4 12 ii 
 
 35 o O' 
 
 NorthwellOverhall 
 
 Ditto 
 
 < V. Southw. 
 JPr. Southw. 
 
 4 12 II 
 
 48 i 3 
 
 17 10 o 
 
 Northweli pars 7 
 Secunda ^ 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Ditto 
 
 7 19 7 
 
 
 
 Northweli pars 7 
 Tertia- 5 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Preb. Southw. 
 
 5 2 * 
 
 
 Nottingham St. 7 
 Mary's 5 
 St.. Nicholas 
 
 Town of Notting- 
 ham. 
 Ibid. 
 
 V.Notttingha.. 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 LO 5 o 
 
 2 I<$ 8 
 
 
 15 79^ 
 
 
 Ibid. * 4 
 
 Ditto 
 
 8 7 <? 
 
 12 Tp 
 
 
 Nuthal 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 Ditto 
 
 3 J 4 9 I 
 
 31 o o 
 
 Ordfal 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 19 10 7 i 
 
 J 
 
 Onion 
 
 Bingham 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 1246" 
 
 44 6 o 
 
 Oflington 
 
 Thurgartqa 
 
 R. but Church not endowed. 
 
 
 Owthorp 1 Bingham 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 
 23 4, o 
 
 Oxton. See Exton above- 
 
 
 
 
 Pluoibtree 
 
 Rufhchft. 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 19 19 7 
 
 
 Radford 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 394 
 
 23 o o 
 
 Rampton 
 
 South Clay 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 10 o 5 
 
 36 17 2, 
 
 RatclifF upon Sore 
 
 RumclifF 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 6 13 4 
 
 
 RatclifF upon / 
 Trent $ 
 
 Blpghan.. 
 
 Ditto 
 
 4 ia o 
 
 
 Ray ton Weft 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 M l8 I ob 
 
 K 
 
 Redford EafV 
 
 North CVay 
 
 Ditto 
 
 f 5 
 
 
 Redford Weft 
 
 Ditto 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 9-34 
 
 
 Remfton 
 
 Rufhcliff 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 13 2 & 
 
 . 
 
 Roflington 
 
 North Clay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 ii i 4 
 
 
 RouliVon 
 
 Thurgarron 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 10 i 3 
 
 
 Ruddingtpn 
 
 Rufhcliff 
 
 V. Binghatft 
 
 ^ 13 4 
 
 Ha 4. 
 
 Hawford the Me 
 Saunby 
 
 ther-Chnrch is uirned into a Burial - 
 North Clay R. Retford 
 
 Place. 
 14 8 6 ob 
 
 j ^n- 
 
 Scarle-Sputh 
 
 Newark 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 J 2 6 
 
 2^ 2 
 
 Screiton or ? 
 Scrcvetoa 
 
 Binghan? 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 6 19 a 
 
 43 3 o 
 
 Sbclron 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 6 14 4<?i- 
 
 
 Seifton 
 
 Broxton 
 
 V. Nottingha. 
 
 500 
 
 670 
 
 buefton 
 
 Newark. 
 
 Chap. Newark 
 
 
 o 13 5 
 
 4 Sflcn-
 
 N f T 1 N G HA M S H I R E. 
 
 207 
 
 Parifies. 
 
 Hundreds, 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 VfllllAtlfT.* 
 
 
 
 
 King's Booh. 
 
 Re.iL 
 
 Snenton 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 Chapelry 
 
 
 20 
 
 Southwell 
 
 Ditto " 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 7 13 4 
 
 934 
 
 Stanford 
 
 RufhclifFe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 9 7 6 
 
 ^ J 
 
 Stanley 
 
 North Clay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 14 8 6 
 
 
 Stanton 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 1 6 15 l ob 
 
 
 Stan ton on the Would 
 
 itufliclifte 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 ^ 15 3 tb 
 
 45 o o 
 
 Stoke 
 
 Newark 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 800 
 
 36 i n 
 
 Strelley 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 640 
 
 17 10 o 
 
 Sturton 
 
 North Clay 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 5 7 3 ob . 
 
 
 Sutton upon Afhfield 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 
 14 7 o 
 
 Sutton upon Trent 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 5 6 8 
 
 29 19 8 
 
 Sutton Bonnington S. % 
 Michael 5 
 
 Ruihclifife 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 15 a i 
 
 
 St. Ann 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Ditto 
 
 4 i? 6 
 
 
 Sutton upon Lound 7 
 
 o _. l^^. f 
 
 Hatfield * 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 10 o o 
 
 
 cum Scroby 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 Teverfal or Terfal 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nottingha. 
 
 9 19 2 
 
 
 Thorney 
 
 Newark 
 
 V. Newark 
 
 4 7 <* 
 
 15 16 
 
 Thorp in the Clods 
 
 Ruflicliffe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 12 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Thorp by Newark 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 800 
 
 
 Tilnes South and North 
 
 North Clay 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 
 14 II i 
 
 Thurgarton 
 Tithbymw Cropwell 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 Bingham 
 
 a free Chapel. 
 R, Bingham 
 
 15 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Trowel, one Moy. ? 
 the other Moy. 5 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R, Nottingha. 
 
 \4 14 ^ob 
 4 H 4b 
 
 40 o o 
 45 oo 
 
 Trufwell Eaft 
 
 South Clay 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 8 i 5 ob 
 
 40 164 
 
 Trufwell Weft 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Ditto 
 
 9 1 6 o ob 
 
 40 3 4 
 
 Tuxford M. 
 
 Ditto 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 4 14 9 
 
 22 i 3 II 
 
 Upton 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Headon is theParifh-Church to it. 
 
 Upton 
 Walesby 
 
 Thurejarton 
 Hatfield 
 
 V. Southwell 
 V. Redford 
 
 411 5 ob 
 613 
 
 35 14 o 
 29 13 9 
 
 Walkeringham 
 
 Norrh Clay 
 
 Ditto , 
 
 7 ii 5 ok 
 
 30 o o 
 
 Warfop 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 R. Redford 
 
 z^ 18 ^ ob 
 
 
 Wefton Hercy and ? 
 Normanvile 5 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 19 2 II 
 
 
 What ton 
 
 Bingham 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 5 6 8 
 
 28 10 o 
 
 Wheatley South 
 
 North Clay 
 
 R. Southwell 
 
 .6 14 2 
 
 23 13 4 
 
 Wheatley North 
 
 Ditto 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 5 1 8 1 1 ob 
 
 49 o o 
 
 Widmerpole' 
 
 Rufhcliffe 
 
 R. Bingham 
 
 14 1 6 oob 
 
 
 Wilford 
 
 Ditto 
 
 Ditto 
 
 18 17 6 
 
 
 Willoughby on the 7 
 Would J 
 
 Ditto 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 6 1 8 6 ?b 
 
 21 7 4 
 
 Winthorp 
 
 Newark 
 
 R. Newark 
 
 7 II O ob 
 
 
 Wifale 
 
 RufliclifFe 
 
 V. Bingham 
 
 4 II o ob 
 
 20 O 
 
 Wollaton 
 
 Broxtow 
 
 R. Nortingha. 
 
 14 2. 6 
 
 44 13 o 
 
 Woodborough 
 
 Thurgarton 
 
 V. Southwell 
 
 400 
 
 1300 
 
 Work fop 
 
 Hatfield 
 
 V. Redford 
 
 1242 
 
 
 N. B. That all (uch Livings, as do not in their reul Value exceed fifty Pounds 
 are exempted for ever from paying Tenths, by Act of Parliament made in the 
 Reign of Queen A N N'E,
 

 
 Oxfordfliire. 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE, called by 
 the Saxons at their firft En- 
 trance,oxna-pop 
 but afterwards Oxen 
 fcype, was Part of the Coun- 
 try of the Dobunly to which Name its Si- 
 tuation exaSly anfwers, (efpecially the 
 North-Eaft Parts of it, as Otmore, and 
 the adjacent Places) as lying low, and 
 level. It is an inland County, being en- 
 compafled with Bucklngbamjlnre on the 
 Eaft; on the North, where it ends fn 
 a Cone, with Norihamtonfoire on the one 
 Side, and Warivickfilre on the other; on 
 the Weft with Gloucejlerfiire; and on the 
 South, where it is wideft, with Bertylre\ 
 from which it is divided by the River 
 Jjis, as far as Dorchetter, and from thence 
 by the Thames, which with a circling 
 Stream inclofeth the moft fouthern Part 
 of this County. It is one Hundred thirty 
 Miles in Circumference, in which are 
 contained fifteen Market-Towns, two 
 Hundred and eighty Parishes, five Hun- 
 dred thirty-four Thoufand Acre* of 
 Land, and nineteen Thoufand and fevea 
 Houfes. It is forty-feven Miles diiiant 
 from London, and has in it one of the 
 nobleft Univerfities of the World. 
 
 The moft ancient Inhabitants of this 
 County were thofe Britain, who poflef- 
 this County, and GloyceJlerJIiire, were 
 
 called Dobani, as Mr. Camlden rightlf 
 ftiles them ; but we find nothing memo- 
 rable of them, favefome Pieces of Coin, 
 which Dr. Plot met with in his Search, 
 after the Antiquities of this Shire, 'viz* 
 three Britifi Coins, one fhewing an Horfe 
 with the Infcription CVNO on the one 
 Side, which puts it out of Doubt, that it 
 is a Coin of King Cunobelin's; and on the 
 Reverfe-an Ear of Corn, and CAM U, 
 denoting the Place of its Coinage to be 
 at Camuhdomtm, his Royal City. This 
 is a different Coin from that, winch Mr. 
 Cambden mentions, of that Prince. Ic 
 was oTug up at Wood-Eaton, near the 
 Houfe or Mr. Nourfe y amongft ld Foun- 
 dations. 
 
 Another was dug up -at the fame Timo 
 and Place, but without any Infcription, 
 but having fomething like a Chalice, 
 and a crooked -Lrneation engraven upon 
 it with a forked Kind of Figure, and a. 
 fma.ll Crefcent. The Do&oV gucffeth, 
 that this was Cunebelin's, becaivfe Mr 
 Cambden hath given us fome Pieces of 
 his with a Crefcent upon it. A Third 
 was dug up -at little Milton, adorned with 
 two Faces on the Obverfe, and an ill fhapen 
 Horfe, and a Wheel under him on the Re- 
 verfe, which though it wants an Infcription, 
 yet he gueflesittobe the Money of Profit- 
 tagus, King of the Iceni, and the two Faces 
 are his ovm and his Queen s BOM- , 
 D d
 
 whofe Coin after her Husband's 
 Peath, bore the laft Stamp, to mew the 
 Strength and Velocity of her Arms. Thefe 
 Coins as all, or moft of the Britijlj were, 
 were concave on the one Side, and con- 
 vex on the other, and all Gold, or at 
 leaft EleUrum, which is a Sort of Metal, 
 compounded of Gold and Silver, either 
 patural, or proportioned by the Artills. 
 
 After Julius Cxfar had found a Way 
 into Britain, though he himfelf got little 
 elfe (as Tacitus tells us) but dry Blo\vs, 
 being valiantly oppofed by the Britain*, 
 yet the Remans in after Times never left 
 their Inroads, till they became at length 
 Matters of the greateft Part of the Ifle. 
 And though they are long fince depart- 
 ed from it, yet they have left behind 
 them fome Things memorable, of which 
 the moft considerable are their publick 
 Ways, which though now broken and 
 difccntinued by various Accidents, yet 
 have fuch large Trafts remaining, that 
 by an eafy Conjchire they may be di- 
 covered to Satisfaction. They were of 
 two Sorts, I. Baftlical, Confular, or Preto- 
 yian, bccaufe all Mifdemeaners commit- 
 ed in them, came under the Cognixance 
 of the King himfelf only. They were 
 called by the Conqueror, King William 
 I. Chemtnl majores, the greater Ways, 
 from the French Word Chemln, a Way ; 
 and of this Sort there were but four in 
 England, viz. WatTtng-ftreet, the Fofle, Er- 
 vj'tng flreet, and Ikenlld-Jlreet, two of which 
 ran through the Ifle from Sea to Sea, 
 and two the Breadth. z. Vicinal Ways, 
 which lead from Colony to Colony, City 
 to City, and Borough to Borough* All 
 Mifdemeanors committed upon thefe 
 \Vays, fell under the Cognizance of the 
 Earl, who was the Chief military Go- 
 vernor of the County, or his Vice-comes, 
 ;. e. the Sheriff. Thefe Ways were called 
 by the Conqueror, Cheminl mlnores, i. e. 
 the lefler Ways. 
 
 Of the four greater Roman Ways, there 
 is one, that pafleth through this County, 
 i-fc, Ikenlld-ftreet, which in many Places, 
 by which it pafles, retains the old Name 
 at this Time, though in fomc few others 
 its Name is corrupted into Acknll, Hack- 
 tie^ and JLukingttn Way; but tis plain, 
 3 
 
 the fame Thing is intended by them all. 
 It reaches in this County from North- 
 Eaft to South- Weft, entring at the Pa- 
 rifli of Chlnner, out of Buckinghamshire^ 
 and going out over the Thames at the Pa- 
 rilh of Goring, into Berkshire. This Way 
 was not caft up in u- ridged Bank, or 
 laid out by a deep Trench, as the others 
 were, becaufe it lies under the Chlltern 
 Hills on a firm, faft Ground, having 
 the Hills themfelvcs as a fufficient Di- 
 re&ion. It pafles through no Town, or 
 Village in the County, but Goring, and 
 feems to come from Norfolk and Suffolk, 
 the Kingdom of the Icenl, from whence 
 it is thought to take its Name, Icenlld, 
 or Ikenlld. This Way is pourtraied in 
 the Maps for this County by a double 
 Row of pointed Lines. We are more 
 particular in defcribing this Way, be- 
 caufe Cambden takes no Notice of it ; and 
 Sir William Ditgdale (Warw. p. 568.) feems 
 to oppofe it. 
 
 Among the Vicinal Ways, or Chemini 
 mlnores, there isalfb one in this County, 
 mentioned by Antoninus in his Itinerary, 
 called Gual-hen, that is in Britijh, Anil- 
 quum vattum, that Went between Ad Pon- 
 tesy now called CoJebreoke , and the old 
 City Gattena, now called Walfingford, 
 which ftbod not formerly where it now 
 doth, but between Mungewell and Ne<wn- 
 ham-Wamn, which both ftand by the 
 Thames Side in this County. It is an high 
 ridged Way, or Bank, now called Grimes- 
 Dike, and goes finglc, till it comes to the 
 Woods near Tuffield, or Nnffield, where it 
 appears double with a deep Trench be- 
 tween, which our learned t)r. lays, in- 
 duces him to believe, that that Part of 
 it, which is next Walilngfard was former- 
 ly fo too, and from thence is called 
 Grlmesdltch, fo dcfigned, that the Carri- 
 ages, going to and from WaUingfovd, 
 mould not meet one another. From 
 Tuffield, this Way holds on it's Courfe 
 through the Woods to the River Thames, 
 a little below Henley, where it goes over 
 into Berl-Jhire again. 
 
 Befides this, our Author tells us, there 
 hath been another Roman Way caft up 
 between the old City Alceflcr, or Afdi.be- 
 Jlcr, and G<t!!etja t or Waffingford, whereof 
 
 Part
 
 O XF R T> S H I R E. 211 
 
 Part is to be feen at this Day, running Way could tend towards the Bath, which 
 quite crofs Otmore, by Beckley Park-Wall, he acknowledges to be the old Hce- 
 through a Wook near Stackers, where manner-Gear ep. 
 crofling the Worcefter Road, it goes by The true Akeman-ftreet then, or as fome 
 Stafford-Grove, and Hedd'tngton Quarries, ca H j t Akebam-Jlreet, and others Akerman- 
 through Magdalene, and Brazen-nofe Col- j} ree t t after it hath left Buckingham ft tre- 
 leges Coppices, over Buttington Green, by enters this County at a Village called 
 the two Baldens, over the River Tbame Black tfjorn, from whence it pafles with- 
 at Benfon, and fo to WaUingford, This out an y raifed Bank, clofe by Akejler, as 
 Way indeed is very crooked, but he fup- f ar as chejlerton ; but then the Bank ap- 
 pofes it was done to take Oxford in the pears high as it goes by Kirkliston, and 
 Way, as Occafion fhould ferve; becaufe OV er the River CheriveU through 'Woodjlock 
 about the Parilh of Beckky, there re- p ar k in a dire& Line to Stunsfeld, where 
 mains at fome Places, plain and evident, breaking off, it goes over the River 
 a Diverticttlum, or By-way, tending to- Evetilode to Wilcot, and fo to Ramfden, a 
 wards Oxford, which is to be feen entire little beyond which, it is fcen at Witty 
 and perteQ-, having been anciently pa- Green a little Way, but then there are no 
 ved, by &. Bank in the Divifion of the Signs of it at AJlally, and in the Fields, 
 Grounds. This By-way pafTeth by Els- till it comes to Brad-well Grove, where it 
 feld to Heddington, where, upon the Top a ppears plain, and fo holds on its Courfe 
 of the Hill, there feems another Way to into Gloucejlerfiire, and fo to Bath, the 
 have branched out, and pafling between G \$ AkemanceJFer. Out of this Street 
 that and Marfon-lane, goes over the Ri- there were feveral Branches, as was 
 ver about Koly-<we!l Church to Beaumont, u fual in moft fuch Ways, viz- two near 
 which is the old Bettojitum, where Tbo. KirkUngton, one at the Town's End point- 
 Redburn, in his Chronicon Hydenfe, fays, ing juft upon the Partway, and the other 
 thai the Univerfity before its Reftora- crofling the Purtway and running as far 
 tion by King Alfred, was fituated. There as Fritivell, which the Inhabitants caH 
 was alfo another Way from Alcefier, di- Wattlebank, but in an old Terrier, Avesdicb 
 re&ly leading to Oxford, whereof there is is faid to be its Name. There are two 
 a Part remaining about Nokes, which paf- other Branches that come out of this 
 fing through the Perlue-grounds, crofleth Street, the one in Woodcock Park, from 
 the Worcefter Road to Drunjhil, where a- whence it runs towards the Tree called 
 bout forty Years fince, were dug up fe- Oak and Aft near Glimptcn, the other 
 vcral Roman Urns, and Coins, and fo to near upper Kiddington, where it has its 
 Oxford, though it be not to be difcovered Period ; but runs as far as DitMey, where 
 further. being turned into a Ditch, called Grims~ 
 
 To thefe Roads, our Author adds his ^Ike, it gives Name to that Place. Our 
 Defcription of the old Roman Way, cal- Author guefleth, that thefe two Ways 
 led Ace-mayts-freet, leading through this tended to Rule, or Lelcefler, and Mandtt- 
 County to Bath, called Ace-mans-cefter, effedttm, i. e. a Village, called the Wall 
 
 Urbs <tgrotorum loomtnum, both the Place, 
 and Way leading to it, having their 
 Names from the fick Perfons, or Men 
 with Aches, that travelled thither for 
 
 in Staffordfiire. There are two Banks 
 alfo with a Trench between them, called 
 
 DykeU'tlh, in this County, near Dortltefter; 
 
 but our Author will not allow them to 
 
 Cure, which he the rather does to reH- be Part of any Roman Way, but being 
 fy a Miftake in Mr. Cambden, who feems attended, as a String to a Bow, by the 
 to fnppofe this Street to have come from River Ijts, he will have it a Fortifica- 
 WaJlingford, .and pafled by Alcejler to Ban- tion which Pull. OJlorius, who was the 
 bury, which our Dr. fays, he wonders Pro-pretor here in Britain under Clati- 
 that learned Antiquary fhould be fo dius, is faid to have made upon the Ri- 
 much ovcrfecn in, fince he could not vers Antona, and Sabrlna ; or elfe fbmc 
 but know, that neither End of fuch a of the Ont-works of the Fortifications 
 
 D d a oft
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 212 
 
 on Long-wittenham Hill, on the other 
 Side of the Water, which was perhaps 
 the Sirmodunum of the ancient Britain*. 
 
 Nigh to thefe railed Ways, thus caft 
 iip hy the Romans they placed their Tu- 
 .ynttli, i. e. the Sepulchres of their Gene- 
 rals, or other valiant Perfbns, that died 
 in the Wars here, becaufe by the Laws 
 of the XII. Tables, it was not allowed to 
 bury in their Cities, or Stations. The 
 IReafon, why they did fo, was, that Pa- 
 iengers might be put in Mind of their 
 Mortality (as Mr. Cambden thinks) but 
 our Do&or gives another Reafbn, which 
 is, That it being efteemed a great Ho- 
 nour to have a large Tumulus, fuch Men 
 were buried by thefe Ways, that Paflfen- 
 ers might add daily to the Heap, it be- 
 ing accounted a Piece of Piety for every 
 one that pafled, to throw not a fingle, but 
 -ufunlly three Handfulls of Earth upon 
 every Tumulus, or Heap. T-hefe Tunm- 
 H were Hillocks in Form like a Cone, 
 Dr. Plot tells us, that he found two of 
 thefe Hillocks, in Qxfordfiire, the one' up- 
 on the Prefirian Way, 'viz* the Partway-, 
 called Phwly-bitt, in. the Parifli of Frit- 
 eitf//; and another on the Weft-fide of 
 that Branch of- Akemanjlreet, that comes 
 out of Wpodjiock-p.ari, called AJlal-Barrow, 
 from the fxa&,Woi& fieopz Co/fit, acer- 
 iits, an Hill, or Heap.. Upon thefe 
 High-ways alfo, it was. nfual with the 
 Romans to ereft Pillars of Stone, where- 
 on they infcribed the Diftances from 
 their Cities, and Stations, whence the 
 Phrafe, ad tertiurn, ejuartum, &c. Lapidem, 
 i. e. to the third or fourth Stone, figni- 
 ,-fies fo many Miles. One of thefe Stones 
 lyes on a Bank clofe byAkewanJlreet, not 
 far from Ajlal-Barrozu. 
 
 There is another Sort of Roman Anti- 
 quities in this County (as it is alfo in 
 iome others) which is worth our taking 
 Kotice of, which is, a Sort of Pavement 
 made of fmall Bricks or Tiles, not much, 
 bigger than Dice, of which the Roman 
 Generals, amongft, their other Baggage, 
 ufed to carry, a Quantity fufficient * to 
 pave the Place, where they, fixed the 
 General's Tent, or Prttorium. Thefr, if 
 they wire made of fiuall fquare Maiblps 
 of c'iveife natur.il Colours, \verc c.lled 
 
 Litboftrata; but if of fmall Bricks ox 
 Tiles artificially tinged with various Co- 
 lours, annealed and poliflied, Pavimentti 
 teflellata, or Opus Mufivum, and both 
 termed Afarota, for their not being to b<* 
 fwept, but wiped with a Spunge. Of 
 the latter Sort of thefe Pavements, two 
 have been found in this County, the one 
 at Great Tew, difcovered by the Plough, 
 confifting of a Matter fofter than Mar- 
 ble, cut into Squares, fomewhat bigger 
 than Dice, of four different Colours, viz. 
 Blue., White, Yellow, and Red, all well 
 polifhed, and fet in the Figure of . clofe 
 Wheels. Another was found at Steeple- 
 Afton) confifting likewife of Squares of 
 diverfe Colours, and fet in curious Fi- 
 gures, but oblong,, and placed perpendir 
 cular to the Horizon. Some Urns alfo 
 have been found in this County, a.s in a 
 Place called Bufoy-Leighs, between Bright- 
 well and Chalgrave ', but having nothing 
 particular to relate of thefe, we fhall re- 
 fer our Reader to the large Account we 
 have given of Urns in Norfolk* 
 
 Thefe are all the Monuments of the 
 Roman Power and Greatneis yet re- 
 maining among xis in this County. The 
 Saxon Heptarchy fucceeded them in the 
 Ifle,,tke Britain? being forced to call in 
 the Saxons to defend them againft the In- 
 vafions of the Scots., and 'Pifts. This 
 C6unty of Oxford was a Part. of the great 
 Kingdom of Mercia, which being made 
 up of many other Counties, affords us no- 
 thing particularly remarkable in their 
 Time, except that the Danes made fome 
 Incurfions into this Shire, under Swane 
 their King and General, wafting the 
 Towns and Villages with Fire and Sword, 
 and left, fome Monuments of their erec- 
 ting, as Kenners-Barrow near Shiptov un- 
 der. Whicbii'ood, the large Barrow -at Stan- 
 ton Harcourts, and that. at Adtuelt-cop, the 
 Middlemoft of which is by our Antiqua- 
 ries fuppofed to be a Memorial for fome 
 great Perfon ; but the other two were fet 
 up for fome inferior. Commanders, the' 
 perhaps eminent Soldiers, becaufe they 
 are of the Rudkres ex Sola terra. After 
 the Saxons, and Danes became one Peo- 
 ple, we. find little or nothing remarkable 
 by them in this Shire,
 
 Till William the Norman entred this 
 Part of the Ifle, and being vi&orious 
 over King Herald, difpofed of the Saxons 
 Eftates among his great Men who had 
 furthered and afllfted him in his Expedi- 
 tion, in a moft liberal Manner ; and in 
 this Shire as largely as any, for he gave 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 213 
 
 count of the Situation of. the City of 
 
 to 
 
 Manors. 
 
 Milo Crlfpln 3 3 
 
 Robert D' Oily 42 
 
 Hugh de Anbrlncls, 5 
 
 Henry Ferrer* ^ 
 
 Judith Countefs of Northumberland z 
 Robert Earl of Martin and Cornwal i 
 William Earl of Warren and Surrey z 
 Ralph de Mortimer. I 
 
 Alberlc de Vere z 
 
 Jeffrey de Afa%ttavit^ 3 
 
 Walter de Clifford 3 
 
 William Peverel 
 Richard de Curcy 
 
 So that the Saxons, if "they were fnffercd 
 to enjoy any fmall Pofleflions of their 
 own, it was under the Norman tyranni- 
 zing Lords,, of. whom, we fliall have Oc- 
 
 Oxford, which not only gives Name to 
 the County, but indeed is the Glory of 
 it, and therefore ought to have the firft 
 Place. This Hundred is bounded on th 
 Eaft with the Hundred of PloHgbley; on 
 the North with that of Banlnry ; on the 
 Weft with the Hundreds of Cbadllngton, 
 and Bampton ; and on the South with 
 Berkjlrire, from which it is divided vyith 
 the River IJts. The Chief Place in it is 
 the City of 
 
 OXFORD, in Saxon Oxefl-pop5, 
 a delicate -and moft beautiful City, (lays- 
 Mr. Cambden} whether we refpeft the 
 Statelinefs of the private Buildings, the 
 Neatnefs of the publick Stru&ures, or 
 the Healthinefs and Pleafantnefs of the 
 Situation ; for the Plain on which it 
 ftands is walled in with woody Hills, 
 which keeping out on the one Side the 
 peftilential South Winds ; on the other, the 
 tempeftuous Weft Winds ; admit only 
 of the purifying Eaft Wind, and the 
 North Wind, that difperfes all unwhole- 
 fome. Vapours, all which rendering this 
 Place moft healthful and delightful, in- 
 duced the Saxon King Alfred, to begin 
 the Foundation of that Univerfity.here, 
 which hath by the Donations of gene- 
 rous Benefactors, in Imitation of that 
 
 cation to fpeak often, in giving an Hi- Royal Example, long fi nee grown to be 
 
 ftory of. the County in the Order follow- 
 ing. 
 
 This County- hath, been, for the better 
 Government of it, long divided, as -it ftill 
 continues,, into fourteen Hundreds, viz.* 
 
 Wottov. 
 Banbury. . 
 Bloxham. 
 CbadUngtoii' 
 
 Plcuglly. 
 Bulllngton, 
 Bamptoji. 
 Tarns* 
 
 T.ewknor* Langtree. 
 Pirten. Btnfold t 
 Dorchejier. or 
 Ewelme. 
 
 Of which we ffiall give as full an Ac- 
 count, with the Towns, and Villages 
 contained in them, as \vc can find in our 
 Hiftories, or by modern Informations, as 
 followeth. 
 
 I. WAT T o N Hundred. 
 
 We begin with this Hundred, not onty 
 it lies fouthward, but on the Ac- 
 
 the moft celebrated Fountain of Wiftlotn, . 
 and Learning, not only in this Ifle, but 
 perhaps in the whole World. In our hi- 
 ftorical Relation therefore of this Place^ 
 we fhall begin with the Town, and then 
 proceed to the Univerfity eftablimed in 
 it,. as far as we can have any Light in 
 our \yriters about them. 
 
 This City without Controverfy is 
 very old, being built according to our 
 Writers, viz- David Tavenfis, fobn Rojfi, 
 Radulfhus Agas, &c. above a Thoufand 
 Years before the Coming of Chrift, by 
 Memprickj a. King of -the: Britain, from 
 whom, for fome Time, it bore the Name 
 o^Caer-Mer7iprlJ: t or the City of Mem- 
 pridus, but it did not always hold this 
 Name, even in the Times of the Bri- 
 tains ; for as J&n Ro/e, or Roufe, tells 
 it was called Caer-Bc/a, and after- 
 
 us 
 
 whkh in the
 
 XFO R <D SHIR E. 
 
 Tongue fignifieth, the Ford of Oxen, and 
 fometimes Belioptum, or Beaumont, from 
 its pleafant Situation ; and at length this 
 City being much defaced, and impaired 
 by the Incurfions of the Saxons, when 
 King Vortigern had reftored it to its firft 
 Luftre, it was called from him Caer-Vor- 
 tigern, i. e. Vortigern^ City. Mr. Cambden 
 feems to account this Original of this 
 City fabulous, faying, Some Writers 
 fancy this City in the Britifi Times to 
 have the Name of Caer-Vortigern, and 
 Caer-Vember, as if it were built by God 
 knows what, Vortlgerns, or Memories. But 
 whatever it was under the Britains * 
 but 'tis probable Mr. Cambden had not 
 feen thefe antient Authors, upon -whofe 
 Authority the Antiquity of this City de- 
 pends, or if he had, there are many 
 learned Men, who have a juft Efteem of 
 their Relation concerning it, and will 
 not eafily give into his Opinion. 
 
 But however it feres with Oxford, as to 
 its Antiquity under the Britains, it is 
 certain, that the Saxc-tu upon their Set- 
 tlement here, found fucha Place as they 
 called Oxervpop&j probably from the 
 old Name RydycTaen, which was of the 
 fame Signification, and is confirmed by 
 the Welch, among whom it bears the 
 Name of Rhid-Ychen. Mr- Leland indeed, 
 with fome Shew of Truth, will have 
 the Name taken from the River Oufe, 
 in Latin JJls, and fo believes it to have 
 been anciently called Ottsfcrd, and fo 
 much the more, becaufe the little Hands, 
 which that River makes thereabouts, 
 *re called Oufney. But thefe People be- 
 ing no Favourers of Learning, had no 
 Refpeft for this Town, though the Seat 
 of the Mufes, for as their Settlement, 
 and the greateft Part of their Reign 
 <efpecially while the Heptarchy remain- 
 ed) was remarkable for the continual 
 Ruin, .and Subvcrfion of Towns, and 
 Cities; fo this Place fuffered the common 
 Fate of others, and for many Years, till 
 King Alfred's Time -was famous for no- 
 thing, but the Reliques of St. Fr'tdefa'tde, 
 a Virgin of high Efteem, for the Sanfti- 
 ity of her Life, and firft reputed a Saint ; 
 for tli at, when by a folemn Vow flic had 
 derated her fell to the Service of Goi 
 
 and a fingle Life, Earl Alga* courted her 
 for a Wife, and perfuing her, in Flight 
 was (as the Story goes) miraculoufly 
 ftruck blind. This Lady built here a re- 
 ligious Houfe, as a Trophy of her pre- 
 ferved Virginity, Anno 700, into which 
 feveral Danes flying for Refuge from the 
 general Maflacre committed on them in 
 this Town (and all over England at the 
 fame Time) by the Order and Inftiga- 
 tion of Kmg Ethelred, were deftroyed by 
 the Saxons and their Adherents, and the 
 Houfe burnt with them. But afterwards 
 that King repented him of the Fa&, and 
 having cleanfed the Sanftuary, rebuilt 
 the Monaftery, reftored all the old En- 
 dowmnents, and added new Poffeffions 
 to it, Anno 1004, which about an Hun- 
 dred Years after, Roger Biihop of Sarxm, 
 who was Lord Chief Juftice, Chancellor, 
 and Treafurer^ gave to one Wimuad a 
 learned Canon Regular, who fettled in 
 it a perpetual Society of Regular Canons 
 for divine Service, according to the Fa- 
 fhion, or Devotion of thofe Times. 
 
 Among the many Devaftations made 
 by the Danes after King Alfred's Time, 
 the Towns of Oxford and Cambridge, were 
 both dreadfully con fumed, and burnt by 
 thofe barbarous People, infomuch, that 
 all Studies ccafed in both thofe Places 
 (as Radburn tells us) for above one Hun- 
 dred and thirty Years ; but at length 
 Oxford WAS rebuilt, and Scholars return- 
 ed to their feveral Colleges, or Places 
 of Abode ; but it was not long before 
 the Danes, to revenge the general Mafla- 
 cre of their Country-meji (abovementi- 
 oned) ordered by King Ethelred, upon a 
 certain Day, and at one Hour, for the 
 utter Dcftru&ion of their Race, and the 
 Extirpation of their Power here, which 
 was executed here with more than com- 
 mon Cruelty, (for many of the Danes 
 flying into the Churches for thefr Secu- 
 rity, were (lain without Mercy, even 
 while they were embracing the Altars,) 
 fell upon this Town with utmoft Rage 
 and Fury, and not only without any 
 Compaflion deftroyed the Citiiens, who 
 might juftly be fuppofed to have an 
 Hand in the bloody Tragedy of killing 
 their Brethren, but aflaumng the Scho- 
 lars
 
 lars by Surprize, butchered them in a 
 moft inhuman Manner; and though fome 
 few efcaped by hiding themfelves from 
 the Rage of that unrelenting People ; 
 yet by this Means the Place was left 
 void for fome Time. S'wane was their 
 King, or Captain at this Time, and was 
 fo fuccefsful in this Expedition, through 
 the Terror that his Soldiers begat in ex- 
 ercifing alt Als of Hoftility upon the 
 People, and making Havock of their 
 Eftates and Goods, that he took many 
 Cities, had whole Counties coming to 
 make their Submiflion, and forced even 
 Etfahed the King himfelf, his Queen, 
 and Children, to fly into Normandy to 
 Ridard If. her Brother, for Safety. But 
 they did not ftay their long, for the next 
 Year Stvant fickened and died, where- 
 upon the Dttnijl) Army and Fleer, made 
 his Son Canute, or Kntrtt their King; but 
 the Nobility and States of England, pre- 
 ferring their native Sovereign before a 
 foreign Prince, fent Meflengers to recal 
 Etbehed, being ready to receive him, 
 if he would promife to govern them 
 for the future with more Clemency, 
 than he had before done, to which he 
 freely confenting, was reftored ro his 
 Throne. Knute hereupon getting to his 
 Ships for fear of Ethzlred, who was com- 
 ing upon him with a great Army, failed 
 from Lindfey, which had joyned with him 
 in ravaging the Country, and flopping 
 a while at Sandwich, where he took the 
 Hoftages that were given his Father from 
 all Parts to fecure their Subje&ion, and 
 with flit Notes, cropt Ears, and chopt 
 off Hands, fet them on Shore, and re- 
 turned with the Spoils, that his Father 
 and himlelf had gotten, into his own 
 Country to make greater Preparations 
 for another Invafion. 
 
 King Etbelred in the mean Time to in- 
 creafe the Sum of Rcvengement with 
 the more Wrath (as Mr. Daniel fpeaks) 
 called a general Aflembly of Parliament 
 at Oxford (which we fxippofe the firft in 
 Dr. Plot's, and Dr. Aylcff's Catalogue) 
 and by the Authority and Concurrence 
 of his States, caufed many of the Danifi 
 Nobility to be murdered, and among 
 them Slgifiultb and Mortar Earls of ifor- 
 
 O X? R T> SHIR E. 
 
 thumberland, whom the falfe EJric, Earl 
 of Mercia (who had an Hand in every 
 Mifchicf almoft done on both Sides) 
 inviting to his Houfe under a Pre- 
 tence of fcafting them, barbaroufly cau- 
 fcd them to be (lain; and the King, as if 
 he had been in the Confpiracy, feized 
 their Eftates, and taking Poflcfllon of 
 their Lands, made their Dependants fub- 
 je& to him. Their Servants, and others, 
 that attended them, mutinying for the 
 Deaths of their Mafters, whom they de- 
 fended as long as they could, fled into 
 the Church to fave themfelves, but were 
 with it burnt. Knute in this Time had 
 provided two Hundred Ships richly gil- 
 ded and adorned outwardly, and well 
 filled with Arms, and all Sorts of Pro- 
 vifion, and letting Sail for England arri- 
 ved at Sandwich, with a great Army ga- 
 thered out of his own, and the neigh- 
 bouring Nations, and without Refinance 
 had all the Weft Parts furrendcred up to 
 him, giving him Security for their Obe- 
 dience by Hoftages, and obliging them- 
 felves to furnifh him with Horfe and Ar- 
 mour. Falle Edric was entnifted by the 
 King with a Navy of forty Ships to oppofe 
 Knute's Defign,but he revolted to him, and 
 left the Nation to the Power of the merci- 
 lefs Invaders, who being oppofed by the 
 Inhabitants of Canterbury, after a fliort 
 Scige took it, and to Revenge the Biood 
 of the Danijh Nobility abovementioned, 
 burnt it, murdered Archbifhop Alphepus 
 with eight Hundred Citizens, and fa de- 
 parted ; yet fparing the Mouaftery of Sr. 
 Auguftin, becaufe the Monks had largely 
 bribed them. Etbeked languifhing in 
 Mind for thefe Troubles foon after died ; 
 and Edmund, Surnamed [ronjide, fucceeded, 
 him. Between thefe two martial Princes, 
 Edmund and Canute, there was a long 
 ftrnggle for the Kingdom, firft in feve- 
 ral pitched Battles, and then in- finglc 
 Combat, in all which, Edmund, for the 
 moft Part had the better ; but both Sides 
 being at laft weaned with the Miieries 
 of a deftruftive and doubtful War, were 
 eafily perfuadcd to a Peace on thefe 
 Terms : That the Kingdom fhould be di- 
 vided between them, Edmund to have the 
 Parts coafting upon Frame, and Canute 
 
 th
 
 2-16 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 the Reft. Edmund enjoyed his Part not 
 quite a Year, his Death's Wound being 
 .given him treacheroufly at Oxford, as was 
 thought by Edric* at the Inftigation of 
 Knttte, who promised him great Reward 
 for -it. By Edmund's Death, Knttte ob- 
 tained the abfolute Dominion of the 
 vhole 'Kingdom, which he governed 
 with better Juftice, than he got it ; for 
 firft he puniihed with Death, all fuch as 
 were concerned in the Mwrther of King 
 Edmund, difmilTcd his Navy, and that 
 .he might oblige both Englip and Danes to 
 live peaceably under his Government, 
 lie called a general Affembly, or Parli- 
 ament, in which it was ordained, that 
 both Parrs fhould obferve the Laws of 
 King Edgar , and Ethelred. Here many 
 wholefome Laws -were eftabliflaed, of 
 *vhich fome are 'found in Mr. Lambard's 
 CollcHon of Saxon Laws ; others, efpe- 
 cially fuch as concerned Religion, were 
 ufed a long Time after, and Yome con- 
 tinued in Pra&ife to this Day ; which 
 are on that Account more worthy of our 
 particular Notice, &iz> 
 
 i. "That all decent Ceremonies, tend- 
 ing to the Increafe of Reverence 
 and Devotion towards God, fhould 
 -be ufed in .all Churches, as Need 
 required. 
 
 12,. That there Jhall be no Markets, 
 Fairs, Aflemblies, or other fecular 
 A&ions, pra&ifed upon the Lord's 
 Day, unlefs in Cafes of abfolute Ne- 
 edn't y. 
 
 3. 'That all Chriftians fhould receive 
 ~he Eucharift, or Sacrament of the 
 Lord's Supper, at leaft three Times 
 in every Year. 
 
 .. That if a Prieft killed a Man, or 
 committed any other notoriousCrime, 
 .he fliould be deprived of his Order 
 .and Dignity. 
 
 f. That a married Woman convited 
 . of Adultery, fhall have her Nofe 
 nd Ears cut off. 
 
 ?6. That a. Widow marrying within 
 twelve Months after her Husband's 
 >cceafe, ihall Jofc her Joyntiire and 
 
 Thcfe Laws and many of the like Na- 
 ture, were made at this Parliament, 
 whereby Sin and Loofenefs were much 
 reftrained, and the Nation for rhe pre- 
 fent, peaceably and juftly governed. . 
 
 Harold the Son of Canute iucceeded his 
 Father, yet not without fome Struggles 
 and Difficulties ; for being reputed the 
 Son of Elgiva his Wife, or rather Concu- 
 bine, Hardicanute, the Son of Emma, the 
 Re-lift of King Ethelred, and Ed-ward the 
 Son of King Ethelred, having, as they 
 thought, a better Title, made Friends 
 to obtain the Crown. Earl Leofric with 
 the Danes and Londoners^ ftood for Harold^ 
 the Englijl) contended for Edward; and 
 another Party ftood up for Hardicanute ; 
 All Things now tended to Confufion ; 
 Whereupon it was advifed by the Heads 
 of each Faftion, that the Diiferene 
 fliould be determined by a publick Af- 
 fembly. The Place appointed for it was 
 in this Town, where, after a long De- 
 bate, the major Part concluded, that 
 the Kingdom fhould be divided between 
 Harold -and Hardicanute y the former to 
 'have all the Coupties on the North Side, 
 and the latter all on the South Side of 
 the Thames ', but Hardicanute being ab- 
 fent in Denmark, Harold feixed the whole 
 Nation ; but Ailnoth with the Clergy be- 
 ing for Queen Emma's Children, would 
 not Crown him, till, by Threats and Pro- 
 mifes, he was at length brought to it. 
 
 Harold reigned four Years, and Hardi- 
 canute his Brother two; .but neither of 
 them did any Thing memorable for, or 
 in this City, leaving the Throne to a 
 more generous and beneficent Prince, 
 King Edward^. Surnamcd the Confejfor, 
 who rcltored to die City and Univerftty, 
 what the Danijl) JCings had deprived 
 them of, and put the City into a flou- 
 rifhing Condition again. For, 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward the Con- 
 feflbr, there were, within the Walls of 
 this City and Suburbs, reckoned feven 
 Hundred and fifty Houfcs,befides twenty- 
 four Manfions an the Walls, which paid 
 for Toll, Gable, and other Duties, to. 
 the King, twenty Pounds per Ann. and 
 fix Sextaries of Honey-; and to Earl Al-
 
 XFO R \ 
 
 gar, ten Pounds per Ann. but upon the 
 Coming of King William T. this City, 
 with many Places of the Kingdom, be- 
 ing not able to bear the Infults and Op- 
 preflions of the Normans, rebelled againft 
 him ; but consulting with their Pailions 
 ratherthan their Abilities, were not in a 
 Condition to endure a Siege ; and fo the 
 King, as foon almoft as he had laid his 
 Siege, took it ; for, as fome fay, Part of 
 the Wall on the North Side, fell down 
 of its own Accord, and opened an cafy 
 Entrance to all his Troops. King Wil- 
 liam being thus in Poflemon, was ever 
 after jealous of the Fidelity, both of the 
 Town it felf, and the Parts adjacent ; 
 and caufed Robert D' Oiley, a Norman, 
 who had obtained a large Portion of 
 Land from him in this County, as a Re- 
 ward of his Serx'ices, to build a Caftle 
 on the Weft Side of the City, fortified 
 with large Trenches and Ramparts, in 
 Order to rcprefs the Infolence of the In- 
 habitants, v and neighbouring Villages, 
 which he accordingly did, and withal 
 beautified and repaired the Walls of the 
 City, then much decayed, and built a 
 Church in the Caftle, dedicating it to 
 St. George, for fecular Canons of the Or- 
 der of St. Auftin. Oxford, after this, be- 
 came cheerfully fubje& to the Norman 
 Government, infomnch, that we find in 
 our Hiftories, our Kings refiding often 
 in it, or near it, and upon Occaficms 
 fummoning Parliaments, and Councils to 
 it, in Order to the tranla&ing the great 
 Affairs of the Kingdom, of which we 
 fhall give fome remarkable Inftanccs ; 
 but fhall firft relate an Accident which 
 happened in this Reign to the Jews re- 
 fiding here. They had amafled great 
 Riches, and purchafed fo many Houfes 
 in S. S. Martin's, Edward's, and Aldate's 
 Pariflies, as gave them the Names of the 
 Old, and New Jury ', in one of which 
 they built a Synagogue, in which fome 
 of their moft learned Men taught the 
 Hebrew Tongue to the young Students, 
 and their Priefts offered Sacrifices, and 
 performed their other divine Celebra- 
 tions ; but growing Inlblent, were guilty 
 here, as well as elfewhere, of great 
 Crimes, for which they were driven out 
 
 E. 217 
 
 i. They opprelTed borh 
 
 D SHIR 
 
 of the Nation. 
 
 the Scholars and Citizens, with fuch cx- 
 ccflive Intereft of Money, that the 
 Scholars plundered their Houfcs, ar.d 
 took away great Sums of Money from 
 them by Way of Reprisal. 2. In a fo- 
 lemn Proceflion, both of the Univerfuy 
 and Town, a certain Jew (ibt on work 
 as was fuppofed by his Brethren) (hatch- 
 ed the Crofs, which was carried befoie 
 then* out of the Bearer's Hand, and 
 throwing it on the Ground trampled ort 
 it. 5. They counterfeited the Convent 
 of Ofney's Seal, to the great Damage of 
 the Abbey. 4. They refufed to yield 
 any Obedience to the Authority of the 
 Chancellor of the Univerfity, and She- 
 riffs of the County. And 5. Enticed the 
 young Students to turn to their Relgion 
 and be circumcifed. For thefe and o- 
 ther Crimes of lefs Note, they rendered 
 themfelves unworthy of the Favour of 
 the Government, and fo were banifhed. 
 
 We mail now proceed to give an Ac- 
 count of the Aflemblies, or Councils 
 met here in the Order we find them 
 mentioned in our Hiftories, viz. 
 
 King William Rufus in the Beginning 
 of his Reign, Anno 1088, being moleftcd 
 in his Government by Odo Bifliop of 
 Bayeux his Uncle, who envying the 
 Greatnefs of Lanfrane Archbi/hop of 
 Canterbury, by whole Councils the King 
 was chiefly guided and direfted, raill-d 
 a FaHon againft him in Favour of his 
 elder Brother, Robert Duke of Normandy ; 
 and having excited that Prince to come 
 into England, to Claim his Right, enga- 
 ged many of the moft powerful Peers of 
 the Kingdom to joyn with him, to fettle 
 him in his Right, as Robert dc Mowbr.iy 
 Earl of Northumberland, Jeffrey Bifliop 
 of Conjlance, Roger Bigod Earl of Norfolk, 
 and many others. Thefe Nobles had 
 made fuch Infurre&ions in all Parts of 
 England almoft, that had Robert arrived 
 Time enough, he might without any 
 great Difficulty have obtained the Crown. 
 William obferving this Pofture of his Af- 
 fairs, was greatly dilturbed, and vigo- 
 roufly proceeded to the Supprefling thefe 
 Infurreaions; and. to That .End, aftem- 
 bled in this Town many Bilhops, Earls, 
 E e and
 
 218 
 
 XFG R <D SHIR E. 
 
 and natural Englijli t with Lanfranc at the 
 Head of them, and declaring his Inten- 
 tions to promote the Good and Welfare 
 of his People, adding many fpecious 
 Promifes of his Gratitude, and Favour, 
 they all afiured him of their Afliftance, 
 which having obtained, he foon difper- 
 fcd the threatening Storm, and forced 
 the Leaders to leave the Kingdom. But 
 their Eftates were left in the King's 
 Hands, who beftowed them upon fuch of 
 his Followers, ashad ferved him faithfully 
 during this War ; and as to theEnglife, who 
 had contributed much to the eifeHng 
 this fuddcn Calm, he promifed to eafe 
 them of their Taxes, give them better 
 Laws, and allow them free Liberty of 
 Hunting in his Forefts ; but with his 
 Tears, his grateful Thoughts vanished, 
 and his Promifes, if they were not for- 
 gotten, were not performed, which pro- 
 duced him many further Troubles. 
 
 King Stephen having obtained the 
 Crown after the Death of his Uncle, 
 King Henry I. immediately after his Co- 
 jonation, Anno 1136, went to Reading in 
 Berkfiire to attend his Funeral, his Corpfe 
 ^feeing brought out of Normandy, where 
 ie died,, which being performed, he re- 
 tired to this Town, and having fummon- 
 d thither a Council of his Lords, and 
 other Eftates of the Reahn,amongft other 
 Things promifed before the whole Aflfcm- 
 Hy, (to engage the Hearts of his People 
 te- him more firmly) That he would put 
 Jown, and quite abolifti that Tribute, 
 which fcr a long Time was cuftomarily 
 fathered after the Rate of their Acres, 
 r Hides of Land, commonly called 
 DanegHt, which was two Shillings each ; 
 AlJo, that he would provide, that no 
 1 iih ops Sees, or other Benefices, fhould 
 jemain void, but immediately after their 
 Vacancy ftould be beftowed again upon 
 fome fuitable Perfon, to- fuppl.y their 
 Flace ; That all Liberties, Cuftoms, and 
 refleflions, heretofore granted to the 
 Chnrch, mould continue in full Force \ 
 That all Pcrfons, and Caufcs Ecclefiafti- 
 ral, fliould belong only to the ecclefiafti- 
 tstl Jadicaturc v That none but Clergy- 
 men fliould intcnuedcllc with the Vacan- 
 f Chinches,, er any Churchman V 
 
 Goods; That, as for what was paft, 
 he would not feize upon any Man's 
 Woods, as being forfeited, by a Law 
 made in his Predeceflbr's Days ; That 
 all fuch, as had killed any of the King's 
 Deer in his Woods, fliould lofe the In- 
 heritance of their own, though any pri- 
 vate Man had killed his Deer in his 
 Woods r but all fuch Ufages, and other 
 bad ExaSions, ufed in the Lands, rela- 
 ting to Forefts, and the like, fhould be 
 abolilhed, and the ancient Laws reftwed. 
 He alfo at the fame Time granted a Li- 
 cence to all, that would, to build Caftles, 
 Towers, or other ftrong Holds, for the 
 Defence of themfelves, upon their own 
 Grounds. This he did, knowing that tha 
 he was made King by the general Election 
 of the Clergy, and People of England* 
 and was confirmed by Pope Innocent, that 
 the Emprels Maud* .King Henry's Daugh- 
 ter and Heir, would put in her Claim,, 
 and foon difturb him in the Pofleffion of 
 the Kingdom; and therefore thus he fe- 
 cured his Interefts, and by many other 
 Means, which yet proved ineffectual, 
 For, 
 
 King Stepfien, upon a Report of the 
 Emprefs's Defign of coming into Eng- 
 Jand, began unfeafonably, as well as rafli- 
 ly, to fecure himfelf againft her, by dif- 
 abling fuch Perfons from afllfting her, 
 as he fufpefted were moft able, if not 
 moft willing, among whom by the Whi- 
 fpers of fome Noblemen that were about 
 him, wha envied the Grandure and 
 Magnificence of fome of the Bifliops, 
 Roger Biihop of SaKsbury, Alexander Bi- 
 fhop of Lincoln, and NigeU Bilhop of 
 Ely, were the Chief. Thefe Bifhops, by 
 his Permiflion, had built feveral CaftleS 
 upon their Lands, which made the King 
 fo jealous of their Fidelity, that he 
 could not think himfelf fafe, till he had 
 Gripped them of their Power, which he 
 foon found an Opportunity to do for 
 having fummoned a great Council to 
 meet at Oxford", there happened a Quar- 
 rel between the Retinue, and Servants 
 of the Bifhop of Salisbury, and Alan Earl 
 of Britaign, about their Lodgings, in 
 which many were wounded, ana one 
 Knight wa* killed by the Bifhop's Men. 
 
 Th*
 
 XFO RT> S HI RE. 
 
 219 
 
 The King talcing Advantage of this Ri- 
 ot, fent for the Bifhops, and required 
 Satisfa&ion of them for their Servants 
 ^Breach of the Peace ; for which nothing 
 lefs would feire, but to deliver up their 
 Caftles (which were thofe in the Deviy.es, 
 Sberburn, Adalmsbury, Salisbury, and New- 
 arke) into his Hands, as a Security for 
 their future Fidelity : Satisfa&ion they 
 were willing to make, but not to Surrcq- 
 der their Caftles ; which fo angred the 
 King, that he immediately imprifoned 
 them, threatening that they fhould have 
 neither Meat, nor Drink, till he had 
 their Caftles, on which they rcfigned 
 them ; and the King found in the Bifhop 
 of Salisbury** forty Thoufand Marks, 
 which he ferted by Way of Forfeiture, 
 and with that Mony purchafed Lewis the 
 "French King's Friendship, and Conjtantia. 
 his Sifter, for his Son Prince Ettface his 
 Wife. 
 
 This levere Treatment of the Bifliops, 
 created the King fo many Enemies, that 
 the Emprefs thought fhe had now a good 
 Opportunity to come over Into England, 
 and joyn with the difaffe&ed Party, 
 which fhe did accordingly, with a finall 
 Body of Men, under the Command of 
 her Brother, Robert Earl of Glcucefter. 
 Upon their Arrival, Ranttlpb Earl of 
 Chefler, and great Numbers of Malecon- 
 tents, joyned with them, fo that they had 
 got together a ftrong Army, with which 
 the Emprefs marched to Lincoln. King 
 Stephen was as vigilant as his Cafe requi- 
 red., and following the Emprefs thither, 
 joyned Battel with her Forces under the 
 Earl of Gloucefter, (the Emprefs being 
 iled) but was conquered, and taken Pri- 
 foner; and being nrft lent to the Em- 
 prefs, then at Gloucefter, was from thence 
 Tent to Brifol Cajtle. Stephen now loll u41 
 his Royal Dignify at once, and Maud 
 was ele&ed, by the Clergy, and Nobili- 
 ty, in a general Synod at Witichtjier, 
 Queen of England, as the Daughter and 
 Heir, of the peaceable, glorious, and in- 
 comparable King Henry. The Emprefs 
 being thus eftabliflied, grew fo haughty, 
 that fhe foon difobliged both her Friends 
 and Foes. Her Friends by flighting their 
 Nobility, and denying the Londoners their 
 
 Petition, viz. That fhe would mitigate 
 the rigid Laws of her Father, and put 
 King Edward's in full Force ; her Enemies 
 by denying to Releafe King Stephen, up- 
 on his Queen's Petition, though fhe pro- 
 mifed, that fhe (hould ftill enjoy the 
 Crown, and her Husband fhould become 
 a Monk, or Pilgrim ; for which fhe of- 
 fered many great Perfons for PledgeSv 
 Thus King Stephen being irrecoverably 
 Joft for the present, the Queen fent to 
 her Son Eujlace, to gather an Army out 
 of Kent with Expedition, with which the 
 Londoners joyning, fought to Surprize the 
 Emprefs then in their City, and fetting 
 King Stephen at Liberty, make her Pri- 
 foner in his Room ; but fhe was appri- 
 zed of their Defign, and fled in the 
 Night to Oxford, which in all her Diffi- 
 culties flie ever found true to her, out 
 of love to her Caufe, and the Memory 
 of her Father. 
 
 King Steffen's Friends being thus di 
 appointed, his Queen made inceflant 
 Application to the Bifhop of Wh;chejler t 
 her Husband's Brother, who had been 
 the chief Inftrument in fettling the Em- 
 prefs on the Throne ; but having been 
 lately difobliged by her denying his Pe- 
 tition, that his Nephew -JLvflace might 
 enjoy his Father's Honours, and Lands 
 in Normandy, he began to liften to her 
 forrowful Intreaties, and at length re- 
 folvcd to aflift him to the utmoft ; where- 
 upon joyning with Prince Euftace, the 
 Londoners, and William Ypres, befieged 
 the Emprefs, and her Friends, in the 
 Caftle of Winchejter C whither fhe had a 
 little before removed from Oxford) and 
 becaufe they could not take it, fet the 
 City on fire, which obliged her to 
 change her Quarters, and fo with no . 
 fmall Difficulty, marched out with her 
 two Brothers, Robert and Reginald, who 
 led her Forces. The King's Forces pur- 
 fued her, *md flew many of her Men, 
 taking fome Prifoners, and among them 
 Earl Robert, who after fix Months Im- 
 prifonment, was exchanged on equal 
 Terms for King Stephen, and fo both 
 were at Liberty now to profecute the 
 War. Robert was thoroughly fenfible ot" 
 what the Consequents of their Releafe 
 E e z
 
 220 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 be, and forefeeing the Increafe of 
 Stefan's, Power, and his Sifter's Declen- 
 iion, "went into Normandy to follicit her 
 Husband Jeffrey's Alfittance ; but he ha- 
 ving Troubles at home, could not leave 
 his Country, and fo Tent fome Forces 
 only with Robert, and with them his Son 
 Prince Her.ry, then about twelve Years 
 old, into England. The Emprefs in the 
 mean while had ftrongly fortified her 
 felf at Oxford; and King Stephen as vi- 
 goroiifly befieged her for two Months, 
 till at length the Befieged were ftarved 
 into a Surrender ; but the Emprefs had 
 fiift made her Efcape, by ifluing out 
 at a Poftern in the Night, herfelf and 
 Attendants being cloathed in white, to 
 deceive the "Eyes of the Sentinels, and 
 trudging over the River, then frozen o- 
 ver and covered with Snow, through Ice 
 and Snow, through Ditches and Valleys, 
 got fafe, firft to AbbingtoU) and then by 
 Horfe to Wattin dfcrd Caftle, to the great 
 Joy of her Friends. Robert, and Prince 
 Merry, who arrived in the Time of this 
 Siege, laid Siege to Warham Caftle, ho- 
 ping to draw off the King from the 
 Siege of Oxford ; but failing in that De- 
 ftgn, they having taken the Caftle, went 
 to the Queen at Walllr.gford. After this, 
 four Years or more, the Conteft conti- 
 nued between Stephen and the Emprefs, 
 and their Parties with various Succefs, 
 yet rather with the Advantage on Ste- 
 phen's Side ; but at length the two grand 
 Supporters of the Emprefs's Caufe, ha- 
 ving loft their Lives, viz. Robert Earl of 
 Gloucejler, and Mils Earl of Hereford, the 
 Emprefs was obliged to leave England, 
 and retire to Normandy, where ihe con- 
 tinued till her Death. 
 
 But Prince Henry her Son, whom fhe 
 Jcft under the Government, and Tuition 
 of Earl Robert, was before fettled by him 
 at 'Brljtcl, under the Care and Inftru&ion 
 of one JMatthewt a School-maftcr there, 
 to be educated in Learning, -and trained 
 up in good Behaviour ; and here he con- 
 tinued four Years, when his Father fcnt 
 for him, promifing, if Need were, to 
 fend him back again with all conveni- 
 ent Speed. Henry was joyfully received 
 by his Parents, but Robtrt his Uncle be- 
 
 ing dead, foon after his Departure, he 
 did not return into England for the Space 
 of two Years, and four Months. King 
 Stephen thinking himfelf rid of his Ene- 
 my, fell to his old arbitrary Proceed- 
 ings, plundering and robbing Towns, 
 Abbies, and Villages, by his hired Sol- 
 diers, which coming to Prince Henry's 
 Ears, kindled in him a fervent Defire 
 of going again into England, to recover 
 that Kingdom. King Stephen was then 
 bcficging Wallingford, which Henry hear- 
 ing of, as foon as he was landed, and 
 finding himfelf aflifted with fuch great 
 Numbers of Men, as immediately came 
 to him, went and raifed the Siege, after 
 which not only that Town, but many o- 
 ther Caftles, and Towns yielded to him ; 
 as Reading, Beerttuell, &c. This Succefs 
 of Henry, made fuch Noblemen, as were 
 of Stephen's Party, to make fome Mo^ 
 tions of coming to an Agreement with 
 him, which the King complying with, 
 the Duke and he came to an Interview 
 near Wallingford, the River there run- 
 ing between them. Prince Euftace was 
 much offended at his Faiher's Conde- 
 fcenfion, and having reproved him for 
 it, departed from Court in a Rage, and 
 pafllng through Cambridgfiire, came ta 
 Bury St. Edmund, where having feized 
 upon the Corn belonging to the Abbey, 
 and growing in the Country about it, 
 becaufe his Demands of Money for his 
 Soldiers were not granted, as he fat 
 down to Dinner, he fcH into a Frenzy, 
 and died foon of it, and was buried at 
 Feverfiam, by his Mother Matilda, who 
 deceafed a little before. King Stephen? 
 having thus loft his Heir, to whom he 
 thought to leave the Kingdom, bent his 
 Mind .entirely upon a Peace, which ha- 
 ving been firft agreed upon at Winchejler,. 
 was a little after ratifyed and comirrned 
 at this Town, where the two Princes 
 met and faluted each other, Stephen ta- 
 king Henry for his adopted Son, and Hen- 
 ry revering him as his Father; after 
 which, all the Earls and Barons of the 
 Land there aflcmbled, fworc Fealty trx 
 Duke Henry, with a Refervation of their 
 Allegiance due to King Stephen as their 
 Sovereign Lord, and fupreme Governor,
 
 O XFO R Z> S HIRE. 
 
 221 
 
 fo long as he lived. The Articles of the 
 Peace made, and concluded lately at 
 Winchefter, concerning the Succeflion, a 
 general Amnefty, Demolifhing of Caftles, 
 Reforming Diforders, Immunities of the 
 Clergy, and the current Coin were there 
 isgrofled, and rcgiftred in perpetual Re- 
 membrance, about the Feaft of St. Hi- 
 lary, 1154. 
 
 In the Year 1160, there was a Coun* 
 cil aflembled at Oxford again, about cer- 
 tain Dutchmen, of the People called Vau- 
 dois, or Waldenfes, who held Opinions 
 in Religion contrary to the Faith of 
 the Roman Church. They had before 
 fpread their Opinions thro' Spain, France, 
 Italy, and Germany, where they mightily 
 jncreafed. Thirty of them, or more, were 
 lately come into England, Alcn indifferent- 
 ly learned, and having for their Princi- 
 pal, or Leader, a Per I on named Gerard. 
 Being fummoned before the Council to 
 be examined upon certain Points of their 
 Profeflion, the aforefaid Gerard under- 
 took to anfwcr for them all, and in the 
 firft Place protefted they were all 
 good Chriftians, and had the apoftolical 
 Do&rine in all due Reverence. And 
 being further examined as to Particulars, 
 what they thought of the Subftance of 
 the God- head, and the Merits of Chrift, 
 they anfwered rightly, and to the Point ; 
 but being examined about other Articles 
 of the Religion then received, they 
 fwerved much from the Do&rines of the 
 Church, holding that Prayer was not 
 more holy in one Place than another; 
 That the Pope was Antichrift ; That the 
 Clergy of the Church of Rome were 
 apoftatized, and the very Whore of Ba- 
 tylan, defcribed in the Revelation of St. 
 John- And in the Ufe of the divine Sa- 
 craments,, they derogated fuch Grace 
 from tH& &mc, as the Church by her 
 Authority had then afcribed to them (as 
 Mr. HollineJIyed words it.) And becaufe 
 they would not be perfuaded to renounce 
 their Opinions, they were condemned, 
 and by the Order of the Council burnt 
 in the Forehead with an hot Iron, and 
 in the coldeft Seafon of the Winter, ftript 
 caked from the Wa(le upward, and fo 
 out of Town, with a "Prolama- 
 
 tion made, that no Man. mould dare to 
 receive any of them into their Houfe, 
 or relieve them with Meat or Drink, or 
 any other Way, infomuch, that many of 
 them were ftarved to Death here; but 
 the two Leaders (as Mr. Fox out of Illy 
 rtcus tells us) Gerard and Guifburne, were 
 fent to the Pope, and by him put to* 
 Death. 
 
 The Conteft between King Henry IL 
 and Archbimop 'Becket, growing remedi- 
 lefs the Obftinacy of the latrer, who- 
 was fled to the Pope, and having enga- 
 ged him firmly to him, poured forth 
 Anathema's upon the Kingdom, and? 
 threatened an Interdict: the King fum- 
 moned his great Council at Oxford, An. 
 ii 66, and by general Confent decreed r 
 
 i. That no Man fhould prefiime to- 
 bring Letters from Pope Alexander; 
 or Thomas Archbimop of Canterbury, 
 containing an Interdiction of the 
 Realm, upon Peril of being, punifh- 
 ed, as a Traitor to, to the King,, 
 and an Enemy to the Kingdom. 
 
 z. That no religious Perfon or Prieft^ 
 fhould be permitted to p.<& the Sea r 
 or come into the Nation, without, 
 Letters of fafe Conduft from the- 
 Juftices for Paffage, and from the- 
 King to return. 
 
 3. That no Man fhould' Appeal to the- 
 Po, f , or Archbifhop, nor hold any 
 Plea by their Appointment, uport 
 Pain of Imprifonment during the 
 King's Pleafure. 
 
 4. That if any Perfon, either fpfrifual- 
 or temporal, flrould obey an Interdift, 
 he fhould be baniftiea with all his 
 Line-age, and all hi? PofiFeflions andi 
 Goods forfeited into the King's 
 Hands. 
 
 5. That all fpiritual Perform, chat hack 
 Benefices in En/land, and abode be- 
 yond. the Seas, fliould have Warn- 
 ing to return into England \vuhin- 
 four Months, and' if they failed,, 
 the King mould feize them-. 
 
 6. That the Bifhops of Lotuian-, andi 
 Norwich, mould be fumnroned- to ap- 
 pear before the King's Juftiires, te^ 
 
 anfwer
 
 222 
 
 O XFO R <D SHIR E. 
 
 anfwer for interdi&ing the Lands of 
 Earl Hugh, and excommunicating 
 him. 
 
 7. That the Peter-pmce fliould be ga- 
 thered, and kept for the King's 
 Ufe. 
 
 King Henry II. in the Year 1176, divi- 
 ded the Nation into fix Circuits, which 
 remain almoft the fame to this Day, 
 fave that Oxfordshire, Berkjhire, and Hamp- 
 jbire, belonged to the Norfolk Circuit^ 
 which now are joined with the weftern 
 Counties ; and having fettled fome other 
 publick AfFairSj went to Oxford, and there 
 held a Parliament, at which he created 
 his Son Join King of Ireland, having 
 firft had a Grant, and Confirmation of 
 it from Pope Alexander. To this Parlia- 
 ment alfo reforted all the Chief .Rulers, 
 and .Governours of South and North 
 Wales, and having fworn Fealty to the 
 JCirg againft all Men, became the Leige- 
 people of the King's of England. This 
 being done, the King gave to Rice ap 
 Griffin, the Prince of South Wales, the 
 Land of Menonlth ; and to David ap 
 Owen, the Lands of Ellefnmre. At the 
 fame Time alfo he divided the Lands 
 and Poffeflions of Ireland, with their Ser- 
 vices to his Subje&s of England, and Ire- 
 land, thus, viz. to the Engl/JI) he gave, 
 i. To Hugb Lacy the Lands of Meth, 
 and the Apperrenances, for the Service 
 of an Hundred Men of Arms. 2. To 
 Hugh Titz-Adelm his Sewer, he gave the 
 City of Wexford, with the Appertenanccs 
 and Services. 3. To Robert de Peer his 
 Maifhal, he gave the City of Waterford\ 
 but the City and Gaftle of DttMin, he 
 .committed to the fafe keeping of Hugh 
 Lacy. 'To the Irifi Lords, he granted to 
 two .-of them the Kingdom of Cork, for 
 .the Service of forty Knights; and to 
 .three other Lords, the Kingdom of Li- 
 ttierick, for the Service of the fame Num- 
 ber of Knights, rcferving to himfelf and 
 .his Heirs, the City of Limerick, and one 
 Cantred. But all thefe Perfons, to 
 whom thefe Lands and Dominions were 
 Afligned, were obliged to take Oaths of 
 jFealty, to hcaj- true -Allegiance to''him- 
 
 felf, and Son John, and pay the Services 
 appointed for the faid Poflefiiens. 
 
 In the Catalogue of Parliaments, 
 which met at Oxford after the foremen- 
 tioned, and are let down in Dr. P/of's 
 Hiftory of Oxford, and Dr. Cliff's Hifto- 
 ry of the Univerfity there, there is faid 
 to be a Parliament in the latter End of 
 this King's Reign, called Parliamentum 
 magnum, but we can find no particular 
 Account of it in any of our Hiftories. 
 
 Nor of a Council held here in the 
 Reign of King Richard I. but of this 
 King we find, that this City wherein he 
 was born, being very dear to him, he 
 granted to the Citizens many honourable 
 Privileges, as making the Mayor his 
 Butler at the Coronation Feafts, and al- 
 lowing the Citizens to have two Alder- 
 men, (King Henry III. added the other 
 two) and incorporating them into the 
 .fame Rights and Liberties, in as ample 
 a Manner as London ', then enjoyed them 
 which Benefits the Citizens had fo juft a 
 Senfe of, that when the King in his Re- 
 turn from the holy Landj was taken Pri- 
 foncr by the Duke of Auftria, as he paf- 
 fed through that Country, and could 
 not be relcafed without the Payment of 
 an hundred Thoufand Pounds; this City 
 out of a loyal Gratitude to him for his 
 former Kindnefles, raifed, and cheer- 
 fully contributed a large Sum towards his 
 Redemption. 
 
 In the Reign of King John, Anno 1^04, 
 there was a Parliament held at Oxford, 
 in which there was granted to the King, 
 of every Knight's Fee, the Sum of two 
 Marks and an half; neither were the 
 Bifiiops, Abbots, or any other ecclefia- 
 ftical Perfons exempted, by Means where- 
 of he firft incurred the Hatred, and Dif- 
 plcafure of the Clergy, and cQpfequent- 
 ly of many other of his Subjefts, who 
 therefore failed him in their Afliftance, 
 \vhen he had moft need of them, by 
 which Means he fuffered much Damage, 
 which otherwifb he might have preven- 
 ted. 
 
 In the eleventh Year of King Jobn % 
 Anno laoS, it happened that a.Prieft 
 flew a Woman ol this Town of Oxford, 
 
 and
 
 O XFO RT> S HIR E. 
 
 223 
 
 and becaulc the Officers of the Place 
 could not find out him that had commit- 
 ted the Murder, they laid hold upon 
 three other Priefts, or Scholars, who 
 were not guilty of the Fat, and ftrait- 
 tvay hanged them without Trial. This 
 Piece of barbarous Cruelty fo frighted the 
 whole Univerfiry, that the Scholars de- 
 parted in great Numbers, and did not 
 return a long Time after ; but fome of 
 them repaired to Cambridge, and others 
 to Reading, to apply themielves to their 
 Studies there, leaving Oxford void. Four 
 Years Oxford remained in this defolate 
 Condition, and becaufe they could find 
 no other Way to recover their former 
 Profperity, the Burgefles of the Town, 
 hearing that the Cardinal of Tufculum 
 was come into England, and refided at 
 Weft-mincer, came to him to obtain Abfo- 
 hrnon of their Offence, in that through 
 Prefumption, and Heat of Paflion the 
 three Scholars were hanged, to the Ter- 
 ror of all the Refidue. The Cardinal 
 readily granted their Deflre, and abfol- 
 ved them, injoyning them this Penance, 
 That they fhould ftrip themfelves out of 
 their Apparel at every Church in the 
 Town, and going bare footed with 
 Scourges in their Hands, fhould require 
 the Benefit of Abfolution, of every Pa- 
 rim in their Town, faying the Pfalm, 
 JMiferere, &c. after which the Scholars 
 by Degrees returned. 
 
 While Wars continued between King 
 John and his Barons, thefe laft had fent 
 for Lewis the Dauphine of France to 
 come over to them with a good Afli- 
 ftance of Soldiers, promiung him the 
 Crown, if they proved vi&orious, of 
 which they did not doubt ; but not ob- 
 taining their Defigns in King jfohn's 
 Life, they began to relent, and change 
 their Resolutions, when his Son Henry 
 (now ftiled King Henry III.) fucceeded 
 him, he was but nine Years old, and the 
 Barons on both Sides, not thinking it 
 juft to punilh the Iniquity of his Father 
 upon his innocent Child, began to ftudy 
 Methods of compofing the national 
 Quarrels, and to that End firft agreed to a 
 Truce with Lewis, and the difatfeSed 
 Barons; and then proceeded to fetde the 
 
 Kingdom in a firm Peace, by difmifling 
 Lewis and his Army. Lewis and his Par- 
 ty aflembled at a Council at Cambridge, 
 and the Lords that adhered to the King, 
 met at this Town, where there was 
 many Debates, and Confutations about 
 the prefent miferable Condition of the 
 Realm, and many Endeavours, and At- 
 tempts, to have concluded fome Agree- 
 ment between the two Parties, but no- 
 thing could be etfe&ed, nor would Lewis 
 and his Friends agree to a longer Conti- 
 nuance of the Truce, though the Ba- 
 rons on the King's Side offered to fur- 
 render to them the Caftle of this Place ; 
 whereupon the War was renewed on 
 both Sides with great Vigour. The Earl 
 of Pembroke raifed an Army for the King, 
 and befieged Mount-forrel in Leicejterfiirt ; 
 and Lewis, Lincoln; but finding that the 
 Barons on his Part a&ed coldly, and 
 many of them left him, he began to de- 
 fpair of Succefs ; and being further un- 
 der the Pope's Curfe, for warring againft 
 Henry, and difappointcd of the Aids his 
 Father had fent him, he at length ac- 
 cepted of the Tenders of Agreement, 
 and having compounded for a Thoufand 
 Pounds (the French Hiftorians fay fifteen 
 Thoufand Marks) to releafe his Title to 
 the Kingdom, give Pofleflien of all the 
 Caftles he had in his Hands, and fet at 
 Liberty ail the Hoftages in his Beeping, 
 he departed out of the Nation, with his 
 Soldiers, about the Feaft of St. JMichaet t 
 1218. 
 
 In the Year 1121, King Henry kept his 
 Cbrijtmafs at this Place; but a mid ft the 
 Jollities of the Seafoa, which were car- 
 ried on w.ith great Magnificence, there 
 fprang up frem Difturbances ; for Wil- 
 liam de Fcrtz Earl of ^Ibemarle, incited 
 by Fulk de Brent, and fome other Male- 
 contents, upon ibme Difcontent left the 
 Court without Leave in the Night, and 
 fled to the Cattle of Bitkam in-Lincoln- 
 fiire, which they fortified, furnimed 
 with Corn from the Canons of Bridling* 
 ton, pillaged the Town of Deeping, and 
 under a Shew of repairing to Parlia- 
 ment, feized on the Caftle of FrtZeringay, 
 and committed many other outragious 
 As, in Contempt of the K''ng, and 
 
 Breach
 
 224 
 
 X F R T) S HI'R E. 
 
 Breach of the publick Peace. The 
 King's Forces foon reduced the Caftle 
 of Biibam, whereby the Earl being 
 much difcouragcd from future Artempts, 
 thoi;gh many orhers in other Places had 
 followed his pernicious Example, came 
 and humbled himfelf to the King, and 
 through the Iriterccfuon of Walter Arch- 
 bifhop of !*<>, and Pandolf the Pope's 
 Legate, was with his Complices, and 
 Followers, fet free from Puniflirnent, or 
 Ranfom, upon the Account of former- 
 good Services done for 'himfelf, and his 
 Father King jfokn. 
 
 In the Year 1222, 6 Hen. III. Stephen 
 Langton Archbifhop ef Canterbury, held 
 a Council in this Town, for the Refor- 
 mation of the State Ecclefiaftical, and 
 the Religion of the Monks, in which 
 Synod two Men were brought before 
 him, that had been lately apprehended, 
 each of them calling himfelf Ckrift, and 
 preaching many Things againft fuch 
 Abufes, as the Clergy in thole Days 
 pra&ifed, and to prove the Truth of 
 what they pretended themfelves to be, 
 they fliewed certain Tokens of Wounds 
 in their Bodies, viz- in their Hands and 
 Feet, like unto thofe that our Saviour 
 received, by being nailed to the Crofs. 
 Being examined by the Council, they 
 were found to be Impoftors, and there- 
 fore condemned to be nailed to a Crois 
 of Wood, which was accordingly execu- 
 ted, in a Place called Arbobery, and they 
 remained fo nailed, till they were dead. 
 There were alfb at the fame Time, two 
 Women condemned, for taking upon 
 them the Name, and Pcrfon, the one of 
 the blefTed Virgin Mary, and the other 
 of St. Mary Magdalene. Thefe Women 
 being convicted of Forgery, and Impo- 
 fture, were ordered to be inclofed up 
 between two Walls, where they remain- 
 ed till rhey died. 
 
 Anno 1125, 7 Hen. III. Upon the Oc- 
 crtfion of a Marriage, then celebrated 
 between John, Son of David Earl of 
 Anput in Scotland, Sifter's 5on of Raxulpb 
 Earl of Cbejler, to the Daughter of Lio- 
 iin Prince of Wales, as it were to pro- 
 cure a final Accord between the faid 
 #, and Ramttyb, King Henry held 
 
 his Chriftmafs at this Town, and departed 
 after Twelfth-tide to London, where he 
 foon after called an AlTembly of his Ba- 
 rons, to advife with him, &c. 
 
 In '-February, Anno 1227, II Hen. III. 
 The King called a Parliament in this 
 Town, at which the King openly decla- 
 red unto the whole Aifembly, that being 
 now one and twenty Years old, he was 
 of lawful Age to govern himfelf, without 
 any to have Rule over him, and Ib 
 whereas hitherto he had been governed, 
 firft by the Earl of Pembroke, Lord Pro- 
 tcdor, while he lived, and afterwards 
 by the Bifliop of Winchejler, and others, 
 he now would take the Government 
 wholly upon himfelf, and appoint whom 
 he pleafed to adminilter in all Places of 
 Profit and Truft under him ; and ac- 
 cordingly he removed his Governors, 
 from him, as was fuppofed to be done 
 by the Advice of Hubert de Burgh, 
 Chief Juftice of the King's Bench. In 
 the fame Parliament alfo, the King did 
 cancel and difannul the two Charters, the 
 one intituled Magna Charta, and the o- 
 ther Cbarta de Forejla, (on which Laws 
 the Liberties and Privileges of the Na- 
 tion did chiefly depend) after the fame 
 had been ufed through the whole Realm 
 for the Space of two Years, (for the King 
 having confirmed them in the Parlia- 
 ment holden at Wejtmlnjler, Anno 1225, 
 Reg. 9, they were immediately fent 
 forth, and proclaimed in every County 
 of the Realm) pretending they were of 
 no Value, becaufe they were fcaled and 
 figned while he was under Age. This 
 Aftion of the King was heinoufly taken, 
 though all the Blame was laid at the 
 Lord Chief Juftice 's Door, and proved 
 the Foundation of the Wars between 
 this K.ing and his Barons, for the great- 
 eft Part of his Reign ; for after it the 
 Difguft was much increafed, by enga- 
 ging, and appointing all fuch as claimed 
 any Manner of Charters of Liberties, 
 (the religious Orders not excepted) that 
 if they defired to enjoy their Privileges, 
 for the future they muft renew their 
 Charters and get them confirmed with 
 the King's Seal, otherwife they fhould 
 be null and of no Advantage to to them. 
 
 What
 
 OXF R T> SHIRE. 
 
 22$ 
 
 What was to be paid for fuch Renewals, 
 was left wholly to the Difcretion of the 
 Chief Juftice, by whom the King was 
 entirely governed, and fo the whole Na- 
 tion paid foundly for the King's being 
 of Age, and changing his Miniftry. 
 
 Anno 12.37, zi Hen. III. Cardinal Oth, 
 or Ottobont, came into England, as a 
 Legate from Pope Gregory IX. and was 
 received with all due Reverence and 
 Honour, by the King and his Nobles. 
 Soon after he was arrived, he aflembled 
 a Synod at London, in which he made 
 fcveral Ordinances for the Regulation 
 of the Clergy ; but not acceptable to 
 diverfe young Priefts and Scholars, 
 whereupon when the Legate oame fome 
 Time after to Oxford, and lodged in the 
 Abbey of Ofr.ey, the Scholars defirous to 
 fee him, and pay their Duty to him, (as 
 they efteemed it) prefled upon the Gates 
 to get into the Abbey, but the Porter 
 endeavouring to keep them out by Force, 
 and giving them ill Language, they 
 rufhed in upon him, and fo there began 
 a Fray between them, and the Legate's 
 Servants, who took the Porter's Part. 
 In this Riot, which cauied a great 
 Noife, the Legate's Cook, who a- 
 bufed a Scholar, was killed, and the 
 Legate himfelf fled to the Court at 
 Abingdon, to complain of this great 
 Affront to the King, who being thereby 
 incenfed, fent the Earl of Warren with 
 a Body of armed Men, to refcuc the 
 Legate's Servants, and apprehend the 
 chief Offenders. The Earl as he was 
 ordered, took thirty Scholars, with one 
 Qdo a Lawyer, and carrying them to 
 Wattingford Caftle, committed them to 
 Prifon ; the Legate in the mean Time, 
 in Revenge of this Injury, denounced 
 Anathema, againft all the Rioters, and 
 in the Iflue fo managed the Matter, that 
 the Regents, and Matters of Arts, of 
 the Univerfity, were conflrained to go 
 to London to him, and there to go bare 
 footed through Cheapjide unto St. Paul's 
 Church, and there ask him Forgivenefs; 
 after which, with much ado, they ob- 
 tained an Abfolution, and the thirty 
 Scholars were releafed from their Im- 
 
 prifonment in Wallingford Caftle, afcer 
 fome Months Confinement. 
 . On the Day of the Purification of our 
 Lady, Anno iz-0, R'g> 3:, there was a 
 Robbery committed upon certain fe<ws 
 in this Town, for which Fait forty-five 
 of the Offenders were put in Prifon ; 
 but at the earneft Requeft of Robert 
 Groflhead Bifhop of Lincoln, they were re- 
 leafed at the King's Command, becaule 
 no Man appeared to impeach them of 
 any Breach of the Peace, or other 
 Crime; the Jews either not knowing 
 them, or not willing to have them pu- 
 nifhcd. 
 
 In the following Year the Pope, not- 
 withftanding the Promifes made to the 
 King's Embafladors, who were fcnt on 
 Purpofe to him, to complain of his Ex- 
 a&ions, and Oppreflions, to relieve the 
 People in that Refpeft, but the Year 
 before, fcnt over his Agents to gather 
 greater Sums of Money from the Clergy, 
 as one Marinas, and Johannes Anglicus 
 a Friar Minor. They had not the Title 
 of Legates, to continue the Privilege* 
 that the King had given them, That no 
 Legate fhould come into the Realm 
 without his Licence ; yet becaufe their 
 Bufinefs was to gather Money, they bred 
 great Difcontents among the People, 
 which caiifed a Parliament to be called 
 in this Town, about the Reformation' 
 thereof; but though they could not but 
 generally diflike it, yet it was unani- 
 moufly agreed on, that they fhou'.d for 
 once have eleven Thoufand Marks to 
 be levyed upon the Spiritualty, exempt 
 Perfons, and Places, to be excufed. 
 
 A little after the Feaft of Afcenjion^ 
 Anno 1258, 41 Hen. III. A great Number 
 of Poiftovins came into England, with the 
 King's half Brethren, Aimer, William, 
 Guy, and Jeffrey de Valence, and Lujigni- 
 an, who being greatly advanced by the 
 King's Favour, became fo haughty and 
 proud, that they had the Englifi Barons 
 in Derifion. Such Prefumption as this, 
 the Englifo Peers could not bear, and 
 therefore complained to the King of it, 
 who at length yielded, that for the Re- 
 formation of this, and many other 
 F f Abufcs,
 
 O XFO RT> S HIRE. 
 
 Abufes, and Diforders, a Parliament 
 fhould be called, and accordingly it met 
 at London, but was from thence adjourn- 
 ed to Oxford, there to aflemblc, about 
 the Feaft of St. Barnabas. This Parlia- 
 ment by fome Writers is called Infanum 
 ^avliamentum, i. e. the mad Parliament, 
 fcecaufe the Lords came to it with great 
 Retinues of armed Men for their own 
 Safe-guard, (as they pretended) and can- 
 fed many Things to be ena&ed therein, 
 contrary to the King's Pleafure and 
 Royal Prerogative ; for the Lords at 
 firft determined to demand the Confirm- 
 ation of their ancient Charter of Liber- 
 ties, granted by his Father, and pro- 
 mifed by himfelf, declaring openly, that 
 they would not fpare for any Lofs of 
 Life, Lands, or Goods to obtain it : re- 
 quiring further, a Grant of feveral o- 
 ther Things neceflary for the good State 
 f the Common-weal, to be eftabliflied, 
 and enated ; whereupon after many De- 
 bates, the Ordinances were made, 
 
 1. That all the Poiftcvins fhall depart' 
 $he Kingdom, together with fuch other 
 Strangers as came along with them, and 
 that neither the King, nor his Son Prince 
 j&ward, fhould in any fecret Manner 
 aid them againft the People. 
 
 2. That the King, and Prince Edward 
 his Son, fhould take an Oath to ftand 
 if> the Decrees, and Ordinances of this 
 Parliament and with all fpeed reftore 
 $he ancient Laws, and Conftitutions of 
 the Realm, which they both did ; con- 
 ihrained to it rather out of Fear, than 
 cut of a good Will to do it. Some of 
 the Nobility nearly related to the King, 
 refufed to take the Oath, and particu- 
 larly Henry, the Son of Richard King of 
 the Romans, the King's Brother, who 
 xcufed himfelf by his Father's Abfcnce, 
 as net having his Confent. To whom 
 tie Barons anfwered, That if his Father 
 would not jpyn in the Agreement with 
 tbc Baronage, he fhoiild not poflcfs one 
 furrow of Land in the Realm. 
 
 3.. That fuch a Chief Juftice fhould 
 be chofen, as fhould do Juftice, as well 
 *> the Poor a* the Rich, without any 
 to any Fcrfoji Tvhatfocvetr*. 
 
 4. That according to a Scheme laid 
 down among thcmfelves, (which Matthew 
 of Wejlminfter fays, was at firft broached 
 by the difloyal Bifliops) four and twenty 
 Perfons fhould be chofen, twelve by the 
 King, and twelve by the Nobles and 
 Commonalty ; who having regal Autho- 
 rity in their Hands, fhould take the 
 Government of the whole Realm upon 
 them, and fhould from Year to Year 
 provide for the due Elections of Jufti- 
 ces, Chancellors, Treafurers, and other 
 Officer*, and fee to the fafe keeping of 
 Caftles belonging to the Crown, always 
 referved to the King the higheft Place 
 at all Meetings, and giving him Saluta- 
 tions of the greateft Honour in all 
 Places, efpecially in Parliament, which 
 was ordained to meet three Times a 
 Year, at Seafons appointed. 
 
 Thefe Statutes have ever fince, or at 
 leaft a long Time, been called The Pro- 
 vijtons of Oxford ; not fb much furely 
 (though fome are of that Opinion) be- 
 caufe the Barons went to this Parlia- 
 ment fo well provided, what to demand, 
 and with fufficient Forces to carry their 
 Points, as from the Nature of the Sta- 
 tute, which was made to enable certain 
 Perfons, to provide all Things neceflary 
 for the good, and neceflary Adminiftra- 
 tion of the Government, and for the 
 Eafe, and Benefit of the whole Realm. 
 Thefe Statutes were moft of them put 
 into immediate Execution ;. the Poi&ovinf 
 left Oxford immediately upon their being 
 pafled, but fled no farther than to their 
 Brother, Aumer de Valence, then Bifhop 
 of Wmchejler, with whom, he having 
 feveral Caftles, they hoped to abide in 
 Safety ; but perceiving, that they fhould 
 not be out of Danger, fince the Baron* 
 refolved to perfue them, they departed 
 the Realm, with a great Number of 
 their Countrymen and Adherents. They 
 had contrived to carry out of the Na- 
 tion with them, great Quantities of 
 Treafure ; but Richard Gray, the ratch~ 
 fill Chatelaln of Dover, fuffcring none to 
 pafs that Way out of the Nation un- 
 fearched, feized it into his Hands for 
 the King's Ufe. The King, and Prince,. 
 
 for
 
 XFO R <D SHIR 
 
 for a Tim6 aed according to their 
 Oath, and allowed the Nation to enjojr 
 the Benefit of the great Charters, the 
 King going Ibme Time into France to fet- 
 tle his Affairs there, but foon after his 
 Return began to employ all his Thoughts, 
 how to recover his Royal Power, and 
 throw off the Burthen the Nobility had 
 laid upon him ; and to that End fcnt 
 to the Pope, and at length obtained a 
 Difpenfation, abfolving him from the 
 Oath to the Provijlotfs of Oxford, after 
 which he prepared for the Wars, which 
 he had afterwards with the Barons. But 
 however, the Barons proceeded in their 
 Methods of Reformation, appointed a 
 new Lord Chief JulHce, removing Offi- 
 cers, punifhing Offenders, and difcou- 
 raging of Strangers, and particularly 
 were molt fevere upon fuch Poiffovins as 
 remained in the Land; becaufe the Earl 
 of Gloucejler, labouring under a dange- 
 rous Weaknefs, had all the Symptoms of 
 Poifon, which was charged upon fome 
 Tranfa&ions which they had with Walter 
 Scotery, the Earl's Servant, who was put 
 to Death for it; becaufe, though the 
 Earl recovered, his Brother died of the 
 fame Difeafe. 
 
 About the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, 
 Sept. 8, King Henry III. called a Parlia- 
 ment at London, "at which the Lords, 
 both fpirhual and temporal, were pre- 
 fent, and in a full Aflfembly openly pro- 
 tcfted, That the Statutes, and Provifi- 
 ons made at Oxford, did not oblige him 
 to obferve them ; becaufe contrary to 
 what the Barons had promifed, he was 
 charged with the Burrhen of his Debts; 
 and therefore fince he had obtained of 
 the Pope an Abfblution of his Oath, 
 both for himfelf, and People, he re- 
 quefted to be reftored to all his former 
 Royal Prerogatives. The Barons in 
 fome Heat replied, that they could not 
 with Conferences go againft their Oaths, 
 and therefore wonld defend the Articles, 
 as long as they had a Day to live, and 
 fo were departing ; but the Bifhops in- 
 terpofing, brought both Parties to an 
 Agreement, to refer all Matters in Con- 
 troverfy, between them, concerning the 
 Provifom of Oxford, to the fbtricb Ring ; 
 
 who was then at Bitlhigne. The King, 
 Queen, and Prince therefore, with di- 
 verfe of the Nobles on the one Side, 
 and the Earl of Leicejter, and his Com- 
 plices on the other, foon afcer failed 
 over to Buftcitrne; and having opened, 
 and debated all Matters in Difference be- 
 tween them, before the French King, H<5 
 gave this exprefs Sentence, That all, and 
 every of the Statutes, and Ordinances 
 deviled at Oxford, fhould from thence- 
 forth be utterly void ; and all Bonds, 
 and Promifes made by the King for the 
 Performance of them, fhould be annihi- 
 lated, and cancelled. The Barons high- 
 ly difpleafed with this Award, refufed 
 to ftund to it ; and fo both Parties being 
 returned home, prepared for War. The 
 King of the Romans, and Prince E<fc.MT/f, 
 managed the Quarrel on the King's 
 Side, whom having fecured in Wind/or 
 Cattle, then in the Pofleflion of the 
 Prince, they gathered a good Body of 
 Men, and went by Reading and WaHing- 
 ford to Oxford. Being got thither, ther 
 came to them the Lord Henry, Son of the 
 King of the Romans, J's'/m Earl of War- 
 ren, Roger Clifford, Roger Le'rbcttrn, Haimoit 
 h Strange, and J-tihn de Vaitx, who had re- 
 volted from the Barons to the King's 
 Side, by the Prince's Procurement ; be- 
 caufe he had promifed to every one of 
 them as a Reward by his Charter, to 
 give them fifty Pounds Lands a Year, to 
 affift the King his Father, and him *- 
 gainft rhe Barons. 
 
 About Midfurnmer, 1319, li Edw. II. 
 A certain Perfon named John Pridrxs> or 
 Pcndcrkxm, a Tanner's Son of Exeter, 
 
 was the Son and right Heir 'of King Ed- 
 ward I. and that by Means of a falfe 
 Nurfc, he was ftolen out of his Cradle, 
 and this Edward II. the prcfent King, 
 being a Carter's Son, was brought in and 
 laid in his Place ; fo that he by Means 
 thereof, was brought up in great Hard- 
 fhips in the North Part of Wales. He- 
 was at firft disregarded, as a Perfon df 
 ftra&ed ; but blazoning abroad his pre 
 tended Title, it was ordered, that he 
 F f x (how!'-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 fhould be apprehended ; but he being 
 yarned of ir, fled to the Church of the 
 "White Frysrs here, trufting to be fafe, 
 becaufe of the Privileges of that Place, 
 King Edward I. being the Founder of it ; 
 but It ill ftand''ng to his Opinion, To that 
 it began to be credited, he was taken 
 out of the Church, and carried to Nor- 
 thampton, where he was arraigned, con- 
 demned, and executed as a Traitor, in 
 a Place called the Copped-Oaks. At his 
 Death he confeffed, that in his Houfe a 
 Spirit appeared to him in the Likenefs 
 of a Cat, and among other Things afTu- 
 red him, that he Should be -King of Eng- 
 land* 
 
 Anno 1325, 19 Edw. IT. Queen Ifabel, 
 Sifter of Charles then King of France, and 
 Wife of the faid King Edward, was Tent 
 with her Son Prince Edward (afterwards 
 King Edward III.) into France, to make 
 up fome Differences between her faid 
 Husband and Brother; and ftaying longer 
 than the King would have had her, was 
 recalled by Proclamation, which flie re- 
 -iblvcd to obey ; but being highly dif- 
 pleafed, both with the King her Hus- 
 band, and the Spenfers, who flic knew 
 hated her deadly, and by their Counfels 
 mifled her Husband, both to her, and 
 the Nation's Prejudice, contrived not to 
 be reconciled ; but to ftir up the People 
 to a Rebellion, by which fhc thought to 
 Revenge her manifold Injuries. The 
 Queen was a wile Woman, and being 
 fenfible, that the Spenfers had removed 
 all good Men from the King's Council, 
 and placed none but their Dependants 
 about him, fhe could have no Hopes of 
 his Love, but by removing of them : 
 Wherefore having provided a Body of 
 twoThoufand feven Hundred fifry-feven 
 Men, and armed them, out of HcinauJt, 
 fire with her Son, and Army, let fail 
 for England, and landed at Orwell Havtn 
 in Suffolk, Sept. 25, where as foon as /he 
 arrived, 'twas wonderful to fee, howfaft 
 the People rcforted to her, \\ith the 
 Earl JMarfiaJ, Earl of Leicefier, divcrfc 
 Barons -and Knights, and almoft alt the 
 Bifh(fs; with whom flic marched to St.. 
 Edmund's Bury, where fhc put out a 
 requiring ;J1 Men *o 
 
 3 
 
 Hope for Peace, except the Spevfers, 
 and Chancellor Baldock, with their Af- 
 fiftants, who were publick Enemies of 
 the Realm ; forbidding her Followers to 
 take any Thing from any Man, and pro- 
 mifing two Thoufand Pounds to any 
 Perfon, that fhould bring her the Head 
 of the younger Spenfer. This brought 
 the Londoners to declare for her ; where- 
 upon fhe turned her March towards the 
 King in Wales, and in her Way came to 
 Oxford, Here fhe ftaid a While, and 
 People came to her from all Parts, and 
 among them Adam de Tarleton Bilhop of 
 Hereford, who having been accufed for 
 raifing Rebellion, and aiding the Barons, 
 was fevercly fined by the King. He 
 met the Queen here; and made a piihy 
 Oration to the Army, telling them, that 
 the Queen, and her Son were returned 
 into England, and had taken Arms for no 
 o.therEnd, but to profecute the Spenfers, 
 and reform the Abufes introduced by 
 them, and Ib eafe the Nation of the Ty- 
 ranny of thofe evil Councellors, exhor- 
 ting them with Patience to bear the 
 Troubles and Dangers, which muft be 
 undergone in perfuing the Enemy ; but 
 Vi&ory would bring its Reward with it, 
 befides the Advantage, which would 
 proceed from the Queen's Liberality, 
 who would ufe all her Endeavour to en- 
 courage particular Perfons, and ad- 
 vance the general Good of the Kingdom. 
 From this Place the Queen went with 
 her Army to Gloucester, and fb to Briftol. 
 
 King Henry IV, after the dcpofing of 
 King Richard II. being fettled on the 
 Throne, the Abbot of Weftmhfter, who 
 had heard him fay, -when he Was Earl 
 of Derby, That Princes had too little, 
 and religions Men too much, was afraid 
 that, if he continued King long, he 
 fhould put his Thoughts in Execution, 
 and feize the Revenues of the religious 
 Houfes for his own Ufe, to which his 
 Monaftery, being fo near his Court, lay 
 molt expofcd ; and upon that Account 
 contrived, how to find out the Inclina- 
 tions of the Nobility, that he might by 
 bringing them into a Conlpiracy xvith 
 him, work the Ruin, and DcftnuVtion of 
 King Hcnrjj and reftore King Richard^ 
 
 vho
 
 OJTFO-R 3D SHIR 
 
 225? 
 
 who he I<new was a favourer ef a 
 monaftick Life. Diverfe of thofe 
 Lords, which outwardly pretended to 
 favour King Henry, he obferved to wiih. 
 his Confufion, others were openly dif- 
 affefted, and many kept their Senti- 
 ments to thcmfclves, whom having a lit- 
 tle founded in Converfation, he refolved 
 to engage, and. to rhat End invited 
 them to a Feaft, and after Dinner which 
 was very fumptuous, brought them into 
 a private Chamber to Confultafion. The 
 Chief of the Nobility that were at this 
 
 fome, which his Father having difcove- 
 red, while they were at Dinner together, 
 would needs fee it, and Jb the Plot was 
 difcovered to the King. But this not 
 being known to the other Lords, they 
 all met at Oxford at the Time appointed, 
 but the Earl of Rutland, by whofc Ab- 
 fence they found their Defigns to be dif- 
 covered, and therefore refolved to effeft 
 that by Force, which had been clofely 
 contrived ; and having dreffed up Mag- 
 dalene in Royal Apparel, and named him 
 King Richard, gave it out that King 
 
 Meeting, were fohn Holland Earl of Richard by Negligence of his Keepers, was 
 Huntington, and Thomas Holland Earl of elcaped out of Prifon, and then marched 
 
 Kent, John Mount acute Earl of Salisbury, 
 Edward Earl of Rutland, Son of the 
 
 with a ftrong Army to Windfor, where 
 King Henry was, to deftroy him. King 
 
 Duke of Ytrk, Hugh Lord Spenfer, John Henry wifely forefaw his Danger, and flying 
 Bifhop of Carlijle, Sir Thomas Blunt, and by Night to London, foon gathered a 
 Magdalen a* Prifift, a Man like King^ Body of twenty Thoufand Men, and 
 Richard in Stature, and Lineaments of went ftrait to Hounjlow Heath, there to 
 Body. Many Dilcourfcs and Propofals expet his Enemies ; bur they diftruliing 
 were made among them, how they mould their Company, and fearing the King's 
 bring their Deiigns to pafs ; but the De- Power, retreated by Rarkamftead to C'u-e- 
 vice of the Earl of Huntington was fol- jt er , where quarelling among thcmfelves, 
 lowed, viz,. That they mould Mkc upon they were dilperfed by the King's Friends, 
 them a folemn Juft, to be cntcrprized and many of them taken. The Earl of 
 between himfelf, and twenty on his Huntington was beheaded at Plejfy in / 
 Part, and the Earl of Salisbury, and f e x ; the Earls of Kent, and Salisbury at 
 twenty on his Side, at this Town of Ox- Oxford, in a Place without the North-gate, 
 fcrd; and that King Henry ihould be pe- called Greenditch, and the Lord Spenfer at 
 titioned to be prefent at that martial Rrijlol; and many others hanged and quar- 
 Paftime ; and when he was intent in tered,asin CafesofTreafon,asSir Thomas 
 feeing the Combatants, certain Perfons Junt, Sir Rennet Cely, Knt. and Thomas 
 fhould full upon him, and Hay him, and IVntterel, Eiq; at Oxford, and Magdekn, &c. 
 fo King Richard (who was yet alive) at London, and all their Heads fet upon 
 fliould be let at Liberty and reltored to L-ndon-Rridge, for a Terror to others, 
 his Royal State. This they all engaged King Henry after this, was very careful 
 to ftand firmly to, by an Indenture of and Itudious, how to prevent great Con- 
 fix Parts; and the Earl of Hur.tington courfes of People, and caufed a Statitte 
 went to the King at Windfor, earnettly to to be made, forbidding great Numbers 
 requeft him to vonchfafe his Prcfence at of Attendants, Servants, or other Re- 
 Oxford, on the Day appointed at their rainers to Noblemen, and Gentlemen of 
 Juits, and be the Judge, which King Name, or Eftates, unlefs upon the 
 Henry fufpeciing no ill, cheerfully gran- King's Coronation-day, the Inltalment oif 
 ted, and ib much the more, becaufe the Bifhops, Weddings of Peers, and the 
 Earl was his Brother-in-Law. The Con- Commencements of the Univerfities, 
 ipirators having thus far carried their 
 Point, went home to their feveral Dwel- 
 lings, and the Earl of Rutland to his 
 father, die Duke of York. This Earl 
 carried with him a counter Part of the 
 
 indenture .abovcmemioued, 
 
 In a Council held at Londw, Anno 
 1408, ii Hen. 4, the DoSors of the 
 Univcrfiries of Cathbridge and Oxf&d, 
 with the relt of the Clergy there aflem- 
 bled, debated whether they ought to 
 in his Bo-, withdraw from the Pope, the ufual Pay-
 
 XFO R <D SHIR E. 
 
 jnentj of Money, and their accuftomed 
 Obedience, feeing that contrary to his 
 Word, and Promife folemnly made, and 
 confirmed by Oath, he did withdraw 
 himfelf from the Place where (accord- 
 ing to Covenant) he mould have been 
 prcfent to advance an Agreement, and 
 Concord in the Church. 
 
 Upon Queen Mary's Acceflion to the 
 Crown, but after Wyat's Rebellion, the 
 Queen offended with the Londoners, as 
 Favourers of Wyat, fummoned a Parlia- 
 ment to this Place to gratify the Citi- 
 zens, who with the Univerfities (as we 
 ihall fhew afterwards) had (hewed them- 
 felves very forward in her Service, and 
 particularly in rcftoring her Religion, 
 falfely called Catholick. Great Pepara-^ 
 tions were made for this Meeting, not 
 only by the Queen's Officers, but the 
 Citizens, and Inhabitants of the Coun- 
 try round about ; but the Queen's Mind 
 altered, and the Parliament was foon 
 after adjourned to Weftminfter, where the 
 Queen propounded two Matters, chiefly 
 to be fettled with their Confent, viz- her 
 Marriage with Philip Prince of Spain, 
 and reftoring the Pope's Power and Ju- 
 risdi&ion in England ; the firft was with- 
 out any great Difficulty agreed to, but 
 the latter was not then obtained. 
 
 April 10, 1554, I Mar. I. Thomas Cran- 
 tner Archbimop of Canterbury, Nicholas 
 Ridley Bifhop of London, and Hugh Lati- 
 mer late Bifhop of Worcefter, who had 
 been made Prisoners in the Tower of 
 "London, from the Time of Queen Mary's 
 Acceflion to the Crown, were conveyed 
 by Wlndfor to Oxford, there to Difpute 
 v/ith the learned Men and Divines, a- 
 bout the popifh Doctrines, which were 
 fent thither by the Convocation, then 
 fitting at London with the Parliament, 
 for that Purpofe; of Oxford, D. D. Wejion 
 Prolocutor, Cole, Cbadfey, Py, HarpsfalJ, 
 and Smith ; of Cambridge, Young, Seton* 
 fflatfon, Atlilnfon, Pheckcnham, and Sedg- 
 wik\ who being aflcmblcd in St. Mary's 
 Church, April 13, convented the Reve- 
 rend Prifoners before them, and examin- 
 ed them feverally about their Opinions. 
 
 In Oftcber 1555, a MM. I. the Bifhops 
 of Lincoln, Gltuoejler, and Brlfiol, were 
 
 fent in Commiflion to Oxford, by the 
 Pope's Authority, to examine Ridley and 
 Latlmet upon certain Articles, contain- 
 ing Do&rines, which they had preached, 
 which if they would not recant, and 
 confent to the Pope's Do&rines, they 
 had Power to give Sentence upon them 
 as Hereticks, and deliver the fecular 
 Power to be executed. As to the Doc- 
 trines they had taught, they conftantly 
 averred them to be Truth, but foras- 
 much, as the BHhops aforefaid had de- 
 clared, that they afted by the Pope's 
 Commiflion, neither Ridley, nor Latimer t 
 would pay them any Reverence, but 
 kept their Caps on their Heads, which 
 the Biihop of Lincoln being angry at, 
 ordered the Officers to take of their 
 Caps.. 
 
 J-uly ii, 162.5, * Car. I. the Parlia- 
 ment, which had ?fet three Weeks at 
 Wejlmhijler, was adjourned to Oxford, 
 there to meet the hrft Day of Auguft 
 following, bccaufe the Plague much in- 
 creafed in London, and the adjoyning 
 Parts. They met accordingly, and the 
 Divinity Schools were appointed for the 
 Houfe of Commons, and the Galleries 
 above,, to the Houfe of Lords. The 
 King in a Speech recommended to them 
 the carrying on the War with Spain and 
 the Emperor, for the Recovery of the 
 Palatinate, which having begun by their 
 Advice, he could not Doubt of their Af- 
 fiftance in. He had provided all Things 
 ready for the Expedition, and wanted no- 
 thing but Supplies of Money from them to 
 carry the War on, which he doubted not 
 but they would readily and fpcedily 
 grant. And becaufe fome ill-minded 
 Men had afperfcd him, as favouring 
 Popery, he folemnly declared his firm 
 Adherence to the eftablilhed Religion, 
 and concluded with an unufual Conde- 
 fcenfion, the Veiling his Crown. The 
 Houfe of Commons was fb far uncon- 
 cerned at this affeHonate Speach, that 
 paffing by the King's Defires, they fell' 
 into various Debates, and at length a-- 
 greed upon two Petitions, the one con- 
 cerning Religion, and the other againft 
 Grievances, to be offered to his Majelry; 
 but fhefe being waved for tl*e prefent, 
 i whca
 
 OXFO R <DS HIR E. 
 
 231 
 
 vhcn the Parliament came to Oxford, 
 Mr. Mountague^ and his Book, cntitulcd 
 Atyello Ctfarem, was ordered to be ex- 
 amined, many Grievances alledged, and 
 a Complaint made of popifh Priefts, but 
 the main One was, Buckingham's being 
 fo much in Favour. To thefe the King 
 gave a full and fair Anfwer, and there- 
 upon urged them to a fpecdy Grant of 
 a Supply, which ibme indeed were for- 
 ward for ; but Sir John Ellcot, and others, 
 were of a contrary Opinion, and urged, 
 that the Nation mould be fecured from 
 domeftick Foes, before they ergaged 
 againft foreign, meaning the Duke. In 
 thefe Heats the Lord Keeper WiUlams 
 advifed the King to adjourn them, till 
 after Chrijlmafs> which the King was 
 willing to comply with, provided they 
 
 what Forces they could, and meet him 
 at Oxford, to remove the Lord Byron 
 from thence ; Whitbck and the other De- 
 puty Lieutenants readily obeyed his Or- 
 ders, and met the Lord Say and his 
 Regiment of Dragoons, with a gallant 
 Company of Horfe, and feveral Com- 
 panies of the Lord St. John's Regiment 
 of Foot ; of which when Sir John Byron 
 heard, and that they were upon the 
 March towards him, he quitted the 
 Town upon their Approach. The Lord 
 Say's Forces were three Thoufand in all, 
 and with them he entred the Town with- 
 out Refiftance, and was welcomed by 
 the Townfmen more than by the Scho- 
 lars ; yet the Vice-Chancellor, Heads of 
 Houfes, and Proftors, waited upon the 
 Lord Say, and protefted all or them, 
 
 would grant him a fpeedy Supply ;butB#ct- their Duty to the Parliament, but with 
 ifigham and his Friends meeting at Wood- Defires of Peace ; and withal engaged 
 ftock, where the Court refided, cenfured themfelves not to aft any Thing againft 
 thefe TranfaSions of the Commons, as the Parliament, 
 fpiteful and malicious, which rendred 
 them not fit to be continued, to which 
 Advice the King hearkening, though 
 Williams did all he could to prevent it, 
 diflblved the Parliament, to his own 
 great Difreputation, both at home and 
 abroad ; for hereby Foreigners faw how 
 Kttle the King could do without a Par- 
 liament, and how little the Parliament 
 would do for him, upon which Account 
 the Emperor and King of Spain, appre- 
 hended no great Trouble to enfue upon 
 . their Difpofal of the Count Palatine's 
 Dominions, and Ib were very eafy in 
 what they had done. 
 
 In the Civil Wars between King Cbarfes would by no Means hearken to theie 
 I. and his Parliament, this Place bore a Propofals, in Favour to the Univerfity, 
 confiderable Share in the Miferies, and and Country, alledging that in his Opi- 
 Misfortunes of War, which we fhall nion, 'twas very improbable, that the 
 relate with as much Brevity, and Clear- King would fettle there; however when 
 nefs as we can. The King's Troops fome of the Company moved his Lord- 
 wnder Sir John Byron, were the firft that Ihip to feize upon the Plate in the feve- 
 entred this Town, with a Defign as was ral Colleges, that it might not be made 
 fuppofed, to- garrifon it for the King ; Ufe of any Ways for the King's Service, 
 but the Lord Say, being then Lord Lieu- he, and the Deputy-Lieutenants went to 
 
 While thefe Forces remained here, 
 the Officers being met in Council de- 
 bated the Confequence of the Place, 
 and argued, That the Town being 
 ftrongly fituated, and the Country about 
 it very plentiful, the King might pro- 
 bably make this h,is Head Quarters, and 
 fo much the more, becaule the Univer- 
 fity was not well afte&ed to the Parli- 
 ament's Caufe ; to prevent which, they 
 advifed the Lord Say to place a good 
 Garrifon in it, and well fortify it, and 
 Mr. Whitlock was named for the Gover- 
 nor; the Townfmen were very forward 
 in confenting to it; but the Lord Say 
 
 tenant of this Shire, and being then in 
 
 the Country, took the Alarm, and fent 
 
 to Mr. Whitlock, and the reft of the De- 
 
 v puty Lieutenants, to gather together 
 
 the feveral Colleges, and 
 agcment of the Heads, 
 
 took an En- 
 That their 
 
 late mould be forth coming, and fliould 
 not be made ufe of by the King againft 
 
 the
 
 *3* 
 
 O XF R T> SHIR 
 
 the Parliament. Sir Job* Bynn marched 
 from this City to Worcejler, which he 
 took in for the King. 
 
 Soon after tlie Battle at Edgeli/t, in 
 Warwickjbire, which was fought O&ob. 2?, 
 1642, the King's Forces, calling them- 
 lelves vi&orious, as did alfo the Parli- 
 ament's Army, marched into this Shire, 
 where the Town of Banbury, which was 
 garrifoned by the Parliament with two 
 Regiments of Foot, and a Troop of 
 Horfe, furrcndred without Blows to the 
 King, and the Soldiers unanimously turn- 
 ed over to the King's Side; ana from 
 thence with his whole Army the King 
 marched to Oxford, where he found his^ 
 moft convenient Quarters. Hither the* 
 Parliament fent a Petition to the King 
 to defert his Army, and return to the 
 Parliament; but that not being compli- 
 ed with, the Houfes fent diverfe Propo- 
 fitions to his Msjefty, which being gran- 
 ted, the Nation might be reftored to 
 Peace. The Propofitions were thefe, 
 
 1. That the King fhould disband his 
 Army, and return to his Parlia- 
 ment, leave Delinquents to their 
 Tryal, and all Papifts fhould be 
 difarmcd. 
 
 2. That a Bill be pafled for abolifhing 
 of Bifhops, &>c. as alfo fuch other 
 Bills, as mail be prefentcd towards 
 a Reformation, obliging Recufants 
 to abjure the Papacy, removing 
 malignant Counfellors, fettling the 
 Alilitia as the Parliament defires, 
 preferring fuch Perfons to Offices, 
 as the Parliament /hall name, and 
 taking in all that have been put out 
 of the Commiflions of Peace. 
 
 3. That a Bill be pafled to vindicate 
 the Lord Kimbolton, and the five 
 Members ; ro enter into an Alliance 
 for the Palatinate, and to grant a 
 general Pardon, with an Exception 
 of the Earl of Ne&cajlle, Lord Dig- 
 ly y and fome others ; as alfo ano- 
 ther, 
 
 4. To rcftorc Parliament Members 
 to their Offices, and make good 
 their Loffes. 
 
 On the other Side, the King propo- 
 fed, 
 
 1. That his Revenues, and all his Ma- 
 gazines, Towns, Ships, and Forts, 
 fhould be reftored to him. 
 
 2. That whatever has been done con- 
 trary to Law, and the King's Right, 
 be recalled. 
 
 3. That all illegal Power claimed, or 
 ated by any Order of Parliament, 
 be disclaimed. 
 
 4. That as the King will confent to 
 all Laws made againft Popery, and 
 for a Reformation, ib he defires a 
 Bill for preferring the Common-Pray- 
 er-Book againft Sectaries ;. and that 
 all Perfons excepted againft in the 
 Treaty, be tryed by their Peers, 
 with a Ceffation of Arms, and a free 
 Trade. 
 
 The Parliament having obtained of 
 the King a fafe Conduft, fent their 
 Commiffioners, viz. Algernon Earl of 
 Northumberland, Pbitip Earl of Pembroke, 
 William Earl of Salisbury, Mr. Whit!ock t 
 Qpc. to Oxford, where they were received 
 by the King in Chrijl- Church Garden, and 
 kifled his Hand, and then the Propofi- 
 tions for a Treaty were read, but no- 
 thing more done, till March 4, when the 
 Treaty was renewed ; but becaufe the 
 Parliament's Commiffioners were tyed 
 up to treat with none, but the King 
 himfelf, and their Inftru&ions were fuch, * 
 as they dare not fhew the King, the 
 Treaty went on but /lowly, though fuch 
 was the King's Goodnefs, that he allow- 
 ed them an Acccfs to him at all Times, 
 and would often attend their Debates 
 till Midnight, fuch was his great Defire 
 of Peace. Once they thought they 
 had gained their Point in one of the 
 moft material Matters, and promifed 
 themfclves Succefs on that Account ; hut 
 after a fhort Recefs, his Majefty chanr 
 ged his Mind, and gave them this An- 
 fwcr, to carry to the Parliament, viz... 
 
 That as loon, as he was fatisfied in his 
 firft Propofition, and as foon, as the 
 
 Members
 
 O X F R 2) 
 
 Members of both Houfes fhould be refto- 
 red, and his Majefty, and both Houfes 
 fhall be fecured from tumultuous Aflem- 
 blies, (which he conceived could not be 
 done, but by removing the Parliament 
 to Tome Place twenty Miles from London, 
 
 S II I R E. 
 
 Lord Di%fy, Lord Keeper Littleton, Lord 
 Falkland] Mr. Ride, Sec. 
 
 But though the Parliament had in A 
 Alanner relblved never to feek to Ins 
 Alajefty, the Citizens of London were la 
 defirous of a Peace, that by their ear- 
 
 lijch as they fhould agree on) his Maje- neft Petitions to them, That they would 
 fly \yould disband his Army, and return fend fuch Propositions, and Addrefles fo 
 to his Parliament. This Anfwer the Com- his Majefty, as might be confident with 
 mifltoners would not have had fent, but his Honour to accept, and produce an 
 the King was over-perfuaded to fend it, happy Peace, they could not avoid a 
 and upon the Receipt of it, the Houfes Compliance, efpccially fince they found, 
 prefently fent their Orders to the Com- that many other Places would follow 
 miffioners to return to the Parliament, their Example : Whereupon they rcfu- 
 Avhich they obeyed, and fo the Treaty, 
 which had continued about fix Weeks, 
 became fruitless, to the great Trouble 
 and Difappointment of fuch, as loved 
 the Peace of their Country. 
 
 The Commiflioncrs being come to the 
 Parliament, had the Thanks of both 
 Houfes given them, for their prudent 
 
 med their former Pretenfions for Peace, 
 and leaft the Citizens fhould dcfirc 
 Peace upon any other Terms, than they 
 had before offered, they procured a 
 Common Council, which would comply 
 with their Dcfigns ; and fo a Petition 
 drawn up to this Purpofe, That 
 
 was 
 they 
 
 were 
 
 ;reatly 
 
 troubled, 
 their 
 
 that his 
 
 Management of their Negotiation, and Alajctty fhould fufpe& their Loyalty, 
 
 a Vote being pafled, That the King had fince they abhorred all other Thoughts, 
 
 no Mind to a Peace, they ordered their than what are loyal, and protcftcd, That 
 
 General to march with their Army to- they would defend the Protcftant Reli- 
 
 ward the King, and oppofe his Motions, gion, and his Majefty's Royal Perfon, 
 
 The King at the fame Time did all he Honour, and Eftate, with their Eftaie , 
 
 could to make good his Ground, making and Lives. Therefore upon their bend- 
 
 Reading a Garrifon, which he filled with ed Knees they befought his Maictty to 
 
 a Regiment of Horfe, and two Thou- return to his Parliament, with his Roy- 
 
 fand Foot, which having done, he 
 marched with the reft of his Army to 
 this City, refolving to ftay here all the 
 Winter; but at the fame Time he placed 
 a good Garrifon at Wallingford, a Place 
 
 al, but not Martial Attendance, for the 
 Settlement of Religion, Liberties, &v. 
 This Petition was brought to his Majeftp 
 in this City, by fome of the Aldermen, 
 and Common Council of London, and be- 
 
 of great Importance, within eight Miles ing read by him, he gave this Anfwer to 
 of this Place ; and another at the Brltt, it. That he believed, that the much 
 a Town upon the Edge of Buckingham- greater Part of the Citizens were full of 
 Jlrire, having a Third before at Banbury, Duty, Love, and Loyalty fo him, but 
 and Abin&ton being the Head Quarters of awed by thofe Perfons, who were tha 
 the Horfe. By this Means his Majefty Caufes of the Tumults and War, That 
 had gotten all Oxfordshire, and Berkfrire, 
 entirely into his Power, except the in- 
 confiderable Divifion about Wmdfor, 
 where the Parliament Army lay. The 
 King had about him at this Time, for 
 his Privy Councellors, Prince Rupert, 
 
 the Duke of Richmond, and Marquels of but Pennln^ton, Yen, Fulke, and Man- 
 Hartford, the Earls of Southampton, Bn- waring; if not, the Miferies confequent 
 y?c/, and Newcaftle, with fomc other upon Rebellion, would unavoidably fall 
 Lords, and Miniltcrs of State, as the heavy upon them, to their perpetual In- 
 
 G g famy. 
 
 he could have no Confidence in theweil- 
 affe&ed Citizens, becaufe the Govern- 
 ment of their City was in the Hands of 
 a few defperate Perfons of no Reputa- 
 tion ; That if the Citizens would all re- 
 turn to their Duty, he would Pardon all
 
 XFO R <D SHIRE. 
 
 fimy. This Anfwer the King fent by a 
 Servant of his own, leaft it fhould be 
 fupprcflcd, and the MefTcngers, who 
 heard it read, promifed, that they would 
 procure a Common Hall, that it might 
 have its due Etfcft upon the Minds of 
 their fellow Citizens ; but the Houfes 
 knowirg the Contents of the Anfwer, 
 ordered the Mayor not to call a Com- 
 mon Hall, till they fhould dirett, and 
 -w.hen.they had fo done, lent the Earl of 
 Atfancbefter, and Mr. Pym t to harangue 
 the Meeting, and tell them, what an 
 high Eftecm the Parliament had for 
 their City, and would ufe their utmoft 
 Endeavours, to procure their Safety and 
 Happinefs, and promote their Trade, 
 and all their other Interefts; exclaiming 
 againft the wounding Aflertions, (as they 
 termed them) in the King s Anfwer. 
 All which they did with fuch florid Flat- 
 tery, that the Citizens being captivated 
 by their Eloquence, made loud Accla- 
 mations, faying, we will live and dye 
 with the Parliament. 
 
 But r.otwithftanding the Parliament 
 fcemed avcrle to the Peace, when the 
 Citizens were defirous to procure one, 
 bscaufe if ever a Peace was made, they'd 
 .have it on their own Terms ; yet the 
 general Inclination of the Nation tended 
 io much that Way, that they dared not 
 but fecm earncft to obtain it, though the 
 leading Members perhaps wifKed for no- 
 thing lefs* Wherefore they drefled, up 
 another fet of Articles much to the 
 ill me Effect; as the former, and his Ma- 
 jjfty gave a particular Anfwer to them, 
 adding only this more, that there fhould 
 be a Ceflatjon of Arms, and a free Trade 
 /luring the Time of the Treaty. The 
 Parliament received this Anfwer, but 
 j>roccedcd to other Matters, with little 
 or no Regard to it, fo that the War 
 went vigouroufly on on both Sides, 
 Vnich the King fuppofing the Treaty to. 
 be ftill on Fcot, was very uneafy at ; 
 and fent a Meflage to the Parliament, to 
 remind them of* the CelTation of Arms, 
 requiring them to appoint when it fhould 
 begin, and if they approved of it. The 
 of.thf Houfes being defirous 
 
 of Peace refumed the Debate, And fb a 
 Treaty was agreed on, and the Cefta- 
 tion begun ; but after many tedious De- 
 bates and Conferences, only the firft 
 Proportion was canvafted and examined, 
 but that was not agreed to, becaufe 
 though the King was willing to disband 
 his Forces, and return to his Parliament, 
 yet he was defirous to know upon what 
 Terms, and in what State and Condi- 
 tion he mould be when that was done ; 
 and finding that he fhould be ftripped 
 of all Power, and only a King in Name, 
 he could not confent to that, and fo the 
 Treaty ended, and the War revived 
 with a more formidable Afpeft ; on the 
 Parliament Side, the Earl of E/ex bc- 
 fiegcd Reading, Sir Wiliiam Waller took 
 Hereford ; and on the other Side, Prince 
 Rupert took Lltchfeld, and fent a good 
 Body of Men into the North. 
 
 Many other Sieges and Rencounters 
 pafled between the Armies, as at Repton- 
 Heatb, Gloucejler, and Newbtiry, in which 
 the King's Forces had perhaps the bet- 
 ter, though with confiderable Lofles, in- 
 fomuch, that when the King returned 
 to Oxford from Banbttry Fight, there- ap- 
 peared nothing but Dejetednefs, Dil- 
 contents, and fecret Grumblings in the 
 Army ; every one almoft accufing the 
 other of want of Courage, and Conduct 
 in the Field ; and they that were not in 
 the Army blaming them all for their 
 Failings, and grofs Oversights. The 
 Sieges, (they faid) were not well mana- 
 ged, but they might have been reduced 
 in. much lefs Time, if they had been 
 skilfully undertaken. The Lord Wilmot 
 was blamed for not engaging the Earl of 
 .FJfex irt his March through an open 
 Country ; nor was Prince Rupert himfelf 
 without fome RefleHons, and Re- 
 proaches for fuffering the Earl of Eflex 
 to march down a long ttcep HiW, in the 
 Vale of Glottceper, without tiny Molcfta- 
 tion ; and Sir John Culpeper was loaded 
 with Execrations for adviiing the Siege 
 of Glottftfttr, though all the Officers con- 
 fen fcntett to his Advice ; nor was the 
 Temper of the Court -better than the 
 Army, but the King was mightily mole- 
 
 fted
 
 XF RT> S HIRE. 
 
 fted by both; for he was continually 
 vexed -with Perfons importuning him for 
 Honours, cfpecially the Earl of Holland, 
 who having been of the Parliament's 
 Side, was returned to the King, and 
 behaved himfelf bravely in the laft 
 Battle, expected to be reftored to his 
 Places in the Bed-chamber, Council, 
 and King's Favour, which not finding, 
 though the Queen had prom i led him 
 them, he retired, and got into the Parli- 
 ament Quarters, where though he was 
 not very kindly entertained, yet this 
 Revolt from the King difcouraged many 
 other Noblemen, and Perfons of Ac- 
 count from coming over to him, as the 
 Earl of Northumberland, 8cc. About this 
 Time a Letter written by Dr. Daniel 
 Fextly, to the the Archbifliop of Armagh, 
 Dr. Ufier, was intercepted, and immedi- 
 ately carried to the Committee. The 
 Archbifhop was then with the King at 
 Oxford, and the main Claufe in it was 
 this ; / Hnderjland, that the Deanery of 
 Weftminfter, and a Prebendary of Canter- 
 bury are now void, ar.d 'in the King's Gift : 
 Jf you think meet, you may put in, in the frjl 
 Place for y cur felf, and in the fecond for your 
 
 Friend, &c. fubfcribed '^\ which be- 
 ing read and interpreted Fidelity, /'. e. 
 that though he lived and converted with 
 the Friends of the Parliament, and was 
 a Member of the Aflembly of Divines, 
 he was faithful to the King and his Fol- 
 lowers, and kept a Correfpondence with 
 them to betray their Councils ; and fo 
 they treated him prefently as a Spy, ex- 
 pelling the Archbifliop and him out of 
 the AlTembly, fcqucftring his Livings of 
 "Lambeth, and Afto, at which laft Place 
 they burnt the Barn with Corn to the 
 Value of zoo I, or more in it. 
 
 Among the Expedients propofcd by 
 his Majcfty and his Council, to obx^iate, 
 or at lead leflen the Mifchiefs which 
 threatened the Nation, and particularly 
 himfelf, and Followers, from the Inva- 
 fion of the Scots, which his Majefty had 
 certain Information was intended ; this 
 was one, That fincc the .Nation was 
 molt eaftly governed by Parliaments, 
 and that Party of Men, who fat at 
 
 rninjler, and called thcmlclvcs a Parlia 
 ment were really an Handful of delpe 
 rate Men fct on Mifchief, and nr Par- 
 liament, his Majefty fliould iffue out his 
 Proclamation to require all the Mem- 
 bers, who had left the Parliament at 
 Weftminjier, to repair to Oxford upon a 
 fixed Day, to advife with his Mtijelry 
 upon Matters of the grcatcrt Impor- 
 tance, irt order to the composing of the 
 Diftraftions of the Nation, which was 
 accordingly done, and the Day of their 
 Meeting was appointed to be upon jr.zn. 
 12, 164'.. but fuch Members, as com- 
 manded his Majefty's Forces in the North 
 and Weft were excufed. L r pon the 
 Time prefixed the Members appeared ac 
 Oxford, in Number forty-four Lords, 
 and one Hundred levcntoen Commo- 
 ners. They were gracioufly met, ancl 
 welcomed by the King, and being fet in 
 the great Hall in Ckr'ift-CKtircb, His Ma- 
 jefty opened the Parliament with a 
 Speech, in which he declared, That he 
 had called them to be privy to his Ac- 
 tions, and Intentions, and dell red to re- 
 ceive any Advice from them, which 
 might remedy the diftru&ed Condition 
 of the Kingdom, in order to which, he 
 did allow them all Manner of parlia- 
 mentary Freedom, and told them, \vhat 
 Confidence he put in them, with many 
 gracious E^preflions of Favour and 
 Goodnefs. The Speech ended, the 
 Houfes withdrew, the Lords to the up- 
 per Schools, and Commons to the Con- 
 vocation-Houfe, and after many Debate* 
 agreed, in order to compofe the national 
 Troubles, to write a Letter to the Ear! 
 of EJfex, through whole Hands the W?ft- 
 minfler Parliament had relblvcd all Ad- 
 drefles from his Majefty to them fliould 
 pals, or not be regarded, as former Ad- 
 dreflcs had been. Iti this Letter they 
 rcprefented to the Earl, That his Maje- 
 fty had aflembled them to attend hin 
 at Oxford fo take their Advice, for the 
 Prclervation of the Religion, Laws, and 
 Safety of the Kingdom, and reftore 
 their former Peace and Security ; of 
 which they having had unqucftionable 
 Dcmorftrations of his pafllo:utc Affe&i- 
 on to fettle them in, They conjure him 
 G g a by
 
 OXFORT>SHIR E. 
 
 by all the Obligations of Honour, Con- 
 fcicncc, and Religion, to co-operate 
 with them, and promote their Dcfires 
 and Endeavours with them, by whom he 
 was trufted; that they joyning with them, 
 fuch a Peace, may be eftablifhed, as 
 may redeem the Nation from the Brink 
 of Deftruftion ; adding, That his Maje- 
 fty would heal all former Provocations 
 by a general Pardon, and that they 
 vould engage for his Maiefty's Sincerity 
 in thefe Offers. This Letter was fub- 
 icribed by the Prince, Duke of York, 
 Prince Rupert, and forty-two Dukes, 
 Marquefles, Earls, Vifcounts and Ba- 
 rons, and more might have been had, 
 if they would have ftaid for a greater 
 Subiciiption, whereas there was not fit- 
 ting at Weftm'tTijter above twenty-two 
 Lords, and fome of them by Proxies. 
 
 This Letter was carried by a Trumpet- 
 er to the Earl of EJfix, who could not 
 do any Thing about it for four Days; 
 but in that Time it was printed, and 
 cried up and down the Streets of Lon- 
 don in Scorn, under the Title of the Pe- 
 tition of the Prince and Duke of York, 
 for Peace. At Icrgth the Earl of EJfex, 
 havirg confulted the fccret Committee, 
 returned this Anfwer to the Earl of Firth 
 the King's General. That he had re- 
 ecived his Letter, but it not being ad- 
 rlrcfled to the Houfes of Parliament, 
 nor any Acknowledgement made of 
 them in it, he could not communicate 
 it to them ; That they were all refolved 
 te maintain the Parliament, and the 
 Privileges of it, being the Foundation, 
 on which all their Laws, and Liberties 
 were built ; That he had lent his Lord- 
 fbip the national Covenant, entred into 
 Vy the People of Ezglaxd and Scotland, 
 together with their Declaration. This 
 arifwer was received with great Indigna- 
 tion at Oxford', but becaufe it was fuppo- 
 fcd, that the Earl of EJfex would inter- 
 pofe, if the King fhouldwrke a Letter 
 to both Houfes, his Majefty was prevail- 
 ed with fo to do, and fend it included 
 to the laid Earl. In it he defired out 
 f his tender Regard to the bleeding 
 Condition of the Nation, that a certain 
 Number of Perfor/s might be appointed 
 
 by both Sides to meet, and treat of fuch 
 Ways .and Means, as are proper to re- 
 move the prefent Diftracuons of the 
 Nation, and procure an happy Peace, 
 that fo a full and free Convention of 
 Parliament might be had, to confult 
 and agree upon fuch Things, as will con- 
 duce to the Maintenance of the true 
 reformed Proteftant Religion, &c. This 
 Letter was fuperfcribed to the Lords and 
 Commons of Parliament, aflembled at, 
 Wejlminjfer. Mr. Whitlock, upon the 
 Reading of it, made a Speech, earneft* 
 ly perfuading them to comply with thefe 
 Offers ; but after feveral Debates, their 
 anfwer to the King was, That as they had 
 ufed all juft Means to obtain a Peace, 
 fo they would ever ufe all Means to pro- 
 cure one, that was in their Power; but 
 forafmuch ^as the King in his Letter, 
 had in Effeft denied them to be a Par- 
 liament, or at leall not to be a full and 
 free Convention, they thought it theitf 
 Duty to let him know, that this Parlia- 
 ment being continued by a, Law, which 
 himfelf had pafled, they were refolved 
 with their Lives, and Fortunes to de- 
 fend it, and if his Majcfty were fincere 
 in his Defires of Peace, they could fee 
 no other Way to it, but to follow the 
 joynt Advice of both Kingdoms, now 
 happily united in this Caufe by their 
 late folemn League and Covenant. All 
 Hopes of an Acommodation .being thus 
 at an End, the King faw there was now. 
 nothing to be done, but to prepare for 
 War, which by the Afliftance of his 
 Commons, he proceeded to do by Loans, 
 Excife, and other Ways, which foon 
 brought the King in an Hundred Thoxi- 
 fand Pounds, and the Excife of this 
 Place, "Br'tjltl, and the other Garrifbns 
 was a conlUnt Supply for the providing 
 of Arms, and Ammunition ; but the. 
 People much grumbled at Jr. 
 
 This Oxford Parliament tindins; their 
 Brethren at Weftmhjler fo inflexibly, 
 avcrlc to Peace, as if they intended .the? 
 utter Ruki of the Church, King, and 
 the Friends of both, were not thereby 
 daunted, but refojviflg to let the People 
 know their Thoughts, declared and re-
 
 O XF R 3D S P1I R E 
 
 2 '37 
 
 1. That all fuch Subjefts of Scotland, 
 as had confented to the Declaration of 
 the Kingdom of Scotland, 8cc. had here- 
 by denounced War againft the Kingdom 
 of England, and broke the At of Paci- 
 fication between the two Kingdoms. 
 
 2. That all his Majefty's Swbjefts of 
 the Kingdom of England, and Dominion 
 of Wales, are both by their Allegiance, 
 and the Aft of Pacification, bound to 
 refift all thofe of Scotland, as mall enter 
 upon any of his Majefty's Dominions in 
 an hoftilc Manner, as Traitors, and 
 Enemies to the State; and that whom- 
 ever Ihall aid, amit, or abet the Scots in 
 their Invafion, are to be efteemed Trai- 
 tors, and Enemies to the State. 
 
 3. That the Lords, and Commons re- 
 maining at Wejtmixfter, that had con- 
 iented to, and approved of the railing of 
 Forces under the Command of the Earl 
 of Effex, or had any Ways abetted, and 
 aflirted therein, whereby War had been 
 levyed, and raifed againft the King, 
 were Rebels, and Traitors in fo doing. 
 
 4. That thofe Lords, and Commons 
 fitting at Weftminfter, who had ordered, 
 or confented to the making of a Great 
 Seal, or ufing it, had thereby counter- 
 feited the King's Great Seal, and had in 
 fo doing committed riig'h Treafon, ac- 
 cording to the Laws yet in Force. 
 
 5. That the Lords, and Commons at- 
 tending at Wtjlminjkr, who approved of, 
 or confented to the coming in of the 
 Scots into England -in a warlike Manner, 
 had therein committed High Treafon ; 
 and by ' thcfe three laft Crimes had 
 broken the Tra'ft repoled in them by 
 their Country, and ought to be proceed- 
 ed againft as Enemies, and Traitors to 
 their" King and Country in io doing. 
 
 Laftly, Thac all the 'Endeavours, and 
 fliers of Pcacfe, and -Treaties made by 
 his Majcfty, and the Lords, and -Com- 
 mons arteuibled in Parliament at Oxford; 
 had been refufcd, and reje-^ed by the 
 Lords, and Commons remaining at Weft- 
 winjier. Thcle Resolution's were com- 
 pleu^cl March 12, 1644, after which this 
 Parliamenrpublifhed two Declarations, of 
 the vile Pra-Uccs,''by v*/-ich, they had- 
 
 been obliged to leave the Parliament at 
 Weftminfter, and their Obligations in 
 Conference to adhere to the King, &>c, 
 
 Tn this Interval the Forces of both* 
 Parties, which were in the Field, were 
 very aftive ; The Lord Hrfion took 
 Arundel Caftle for the King, but for want 
 of Unanimity in tl-,e Garrifort, it was 
 ibbn retaken by Sir ' William Waller fof 
 the Parliament. This occalioned not 
 long after a fharp Encounter between 
 thofe 'two valiant Commanders at Cberl- 
 tor. Down near A'lhj.rA by Wincbefhr y itr- 
 which Sir Will'' am had fo much ths- Ad- 
 vantage, that though he could not boat! 
 of a Vi&ory, yet he neceffirated th 
 K'ing to alter the Scheme of his Affair.;; 
 and turn the War from an Otrenfive, 
 which he intended, into a Defensive.- 
 Befides it pur the King into a great Per- 
 plexity, and made the Queen To uneafy^. 
 that being great with Child fhe left Ox-- 
 ford, and retired to Exeter, to be delive* 
 red in that City. 
 
 The Lords, and Commons at Oxford, 
 having fat about eleven Weeks, defired 
 of his Majefty a P.ecefs from further At* 
 tendance, and in Order thereto prefen- 
 ted a Petition to him, in which to fatis- 
 fy the whole World, or leave fuch in- 
 excufable, 'as- would not be fatistied^ 
 they humbly defircd, i. That his Pro- 
 teftation made at- the- Head of his Army, - 
 and his other Declarations for maintain- 
 ing the Protcftanr Religion, flioirld bo 
 printed. 2.' That there fhould be a na* 
 rron41 Synod caHed, whenever there was 
 a full and free Parliament, that Cart* 
 may be had of tender Confciences. ;.- 
 To iatisfy his Subjeds, tharif he Ihould" 
 prevail, he would 'yet ufe frequent Par-^ 
 liamenrs.- 4. That the prefent Loans and' 
 Taxes, Ihall not be drawn into Prece- 
 dent. 5. That rhe Contrnfts for Con- 
 tributions may be juftly obferved', with- 
 out free Quarter, or other Grievances.- 
 6-. Thflt his MajeftV will not flack his* 
 pious Endeavours for Peace, whatever 
 Succefies or Adrautages may happen to* 
 u. To which hi$ Majefry anlwercd, 
 that he would exactly obfervc their Ad-. 
 ^ and &* -fob.1 s -tie 

 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 C'u:ich and State, the Laws, and Pri- 
 \ikgcs oi^arliament ?.re fecured, he 
 >vould with all imaginable Joy lay do.wn 
 his Arms; and this llelohmon, by God's 
 .P.ldTing, mall never be altered by any 
 Advantages, or profperous Succelles, 
 though never Ib great. And fo they 
 were diimii;cd April 16, 1644, "with his 
 Mujclty's Thanks, though they did nei- 
 ther the King, nor Nation any great 
 Sen ice, being afraid of War, and too 
 piuch inclinable to Peace, and Treaty ; 
 for 'twas believed, that if they had una- 
 nimoufly taken the Held, and exerteti 
 their Strength for one, or two dccifive 
 Blows, they could not have failed to 
 have brought the Houfcs at Wejlmlnfler^ 
 to fuch Accommodations as they would. 
 
 The Parliament's Forces having an 
 Advantage of the King's in rnoft Places, 
 6ir Thomas Fairfax marched towards Ox- 
 ford, with a Delign to have bcfie^cd it, 
 which was a ilioqking Piece of News to 
 the King ; but it being advifed, that the 
 bell Way to draw him oft" from that his 
 Dcfign, would be to fall upon the Parli- 
 fcment's Garrifon at Leicejlef, Prince Ru- 
 pert undertook to do it ; and befides the 
 taking that Place, was the Caufc that 
 Fairfax left Oxford, without difcharging 
 fo much as one Piece of Canon againit 
 it. But this Succcfs gave Occafion to 
 the Battle of Nafcl>y y which proved fatal 
 to the King's Party, which loft Ib many 
 brave Commanders, and fo great a Part 
 of his Army by it, as never could be 
 again repaired ; for upon the fuppofed 
 \Veakncls of the King's Side, the Gar- 
 rifons fell fo faft to the Parliament, that 
 few more were left to him, than Oxford, 
 which "Fairfax being fenfiblc of now re- 
 folvcd to lay a formal Siege to it. The 
 City had for Ibmc Time before been 
 much (traitcncd for Prpvilions, by fome 
 Parties led by Fleet-wood, and DesLwigh, 
 that lay at a. little Diftance from it, and 
 HS foon almoft, as the Siege was bc- 
 gan, their Wants fo much increafed, 
 that it was impoUible for the Befiescd to 
 hold out long, which was the firft In- 
 rhicemcnt tp the King to think, upon 
 fome Way of making his lifcape. .Once. 
 he propounded it to the Parliament- 
 
 Commanders, That if they would cafry 
 him immediately to the Parliament:, he 
 would put himfelf into their Hands ; but 
 thole Officers would not engage thcmfel vos 
 to do it, and fo he was forced to think of 
 fome other Way, which proved to be 
 this. The Parliament, and Scots hap- 
 pened to be at Odds about the Scotch 
 Army, which having effected their Bu- 
 fmels, grew burthcniqme to the Nation, 
 fo that the Parliament was very uneafy 
 at their Prefcnce, and plainly mewed it 
 by their Difregard, nay, Contempt of 
 them and their Religion, which created 
 almoft irreconcilable Animofitics be- 
 tween the two Nations. The French be- 
 ing fcnfible of thefe Differences, and 
 envying fhe growing Power of the Par- 
 liament, fent Monfieur Montrevll, to the 
 King, with a Letter from the Queen, 
 to engage the Faith of France, that the 
 Sects mould perform all their Promifes 
 to the King, and the King to them, 
 which laid the Foundation of that 
 Flight, which the King afterwards made 
 to the Scotch Army ; for after Montreal 
 had brought the Scots to fuch Terms, 
 as the King accepted, he withdrew from 
 Oxford April i/, 164.6, an.d went by eafy 
 Journeys to the Sects Camp, were he rc- 
 li^ncd himfelf to the General, rhe Earl, 
 of Leveti. The Parliament at Wejimin- 
 Jler, was ftrangcly dilbrdered with the 
 News of his Majefty's Efcape, till the 
 Scotch Commiflioners at London aflured 
 them, that their Army would punctually 
 obey their Orders: Upon which they 
 ordered, that the King ftiould be kept 
 carefully, till the Houfcs mould direft, 
 how he fhould be difpofed of. The Sects 
 expe&ed iiich a Aleflage as this, and re- 
 moving Northwarh came to Newcajile. 
 Here almoft as foon as the King arri- 
 ved, one of their Preachers in a Sermon 
 upon 2 Sam. xix. 41, 42, 43, pleaded 
 their Right to the King, and inftnuated^ 
 that now they had got him in their 
 Power, they'd keep him to themfelves ; 
 and thereupon denied Moiare-vil^ who had 
 inc'eed brought him into their Hands, any 
 Converie with him, and bad Air. Ap- 
 burnhant to provide for bimfeJf, and fo 
 both of them went jo FAK'U, 
 
 The
 
 OXFO R 
 
 The King being now fettled at New 
 tattle in the Scots Camp, was by them 
 treated with the utmoft RcfpcS due to 
 him, as their Sovereign, inlbmuch, that 
 moft Men believed, that their Intention 
 was to keep him fb long with them, till 
 they could make a firm Peace with the 
 Parliament, and place him on his 
 Throne, or in fuch a Station, as was 
 becoming his Princely Dignity. The 
 Parliament in the mean Time made 
 many urgent Inftanccs, that the King 
 might be delivered into their Hands, 
 and that they would return home to 
 their own Country, the War being at an 
 End. The King had now greater Hopes 
 than ever, that he mould be reftored, 
 and the Kingdom fettled in Peace ; for 
 he not only offered to comply with all 
 Things neceffary for that good End, 
 but the Scots Council anfwered the Par- 
 liament's Demands with Bmknefs, and 
 Courage, That they expe&ed, that he 
 fliould be reftored to his legal Rights 
 upoli their Delivery of him ; otherwife 
 as his Majefty was not willing to return 
 to the Parliament, fo they declared, 
 they would not compel him. But not- 
 withftanding their civil Treatment, he 
 really remained among them in no better 
 Condition than that of a Prifoner ; no 
 Servant that he could confide in, was 
 'flittered to come near him ; and though 
 many Perfons of Quality of his Party, 
 went to NeivcA/tle to wait on him, yet 
 none of them were fuffered to fpcak to 
 him, or deliver, or receive any Letters, 
 or Meflages, without the Knowledge of 
 thdir Leaders, yet profefling to him at 
 the fame Time their good Intentions, 
 which they would manifeft to him, as 
 foon, as it was feafonable, and then his 
 Friends, and Servants fhould repair to 
 him with all Freedom. 
 
 His Majefty's Hopes being thus buoyed 
 up,, and fupported, they- began to make 
 all the Advantages of him. they could, 
 and firft prevailed with him to fend his, 
 pofitive Orders to the Marquefs of Mon- 
 troft, who had done Wonders for him in 
 Scotland, 'to lay down his Arms and leave 
 Scotland, which the Marquefs declared 
 himfelf ready to do at his Majefty's 
 
 D SHIR J . 2 S9 
 
 .,..', . 
 
 Command; but if tnat were extorted, 
 he would keep up his Anny, and hoped 
 to force them in whofe Hands he was, 
 to do their Duty ; but the King fcarinj?, 
 it would be his Ruin, if the Deli res of 
 the Scots were not anfwered, infilled 
 upon the Disbanding his Army, and li> 
 the Marquefs obeyed, and trahl ported 
 himfclf to France. Having gained this 
 Point, they next requefted him to fenci 
 Orders to Sir Thomas Glernbam, thir 
 Governor of Oxford, to make the belt 
 Conditions he could, and then furrender 
 that City to Sir Thomas Fairfax, and at 
 the fame Time to publifli a general Or- 
 der, (which they can fed immediately to- 
 be printed, and fent) That all the Go- 
 vernors of any Garrifons for his Ma- 
 jcfty, mould forthwith deliver them up 
 to the Parliament, pretending, Than 
 they could not declare their Intention-? 
 for his Majefty fo effectually, as they 
 defigned, till that was done; but the 
 War being ended, they mould have no> 
 Obligations to the Parliament, and fo> 
 could treat with them upon equal Terms, 
 on his Behalf. The King could clo no 
 lefs, than grant it, being in the Power 
 of fuch Men, as would have their Ends 
 upon him, or his Life, as indeed at 
 length they had both, and fo Oxford ca- 
 pitulated upon advantagious Terms, and 
 was- a leading Example to the reft oF 
 the Garrifons, as Worcejler t L:tcljff!d r 
 WaHlngford, and feveral others, who in 
 a few Months refigned themfelves into* 
 the Parliament's Hands; Rag/and, and- 
 Pendennls Caftles held out fome Time 
 longer, and were reduced by Necefluy 
 only, but then obtained as good Condi- 
 tions, as any of the other Garrifohs. 
 
 While thcfc- Things \vcre tranfa&ed, 
 the Parliament at l*~ef:,?;h:ft<>r, wholly 
 employed their Thoughts, how to gef 
 the King's Porfon into their Power, and 
 free the Nation from the Scitcfj Army, 
 which having fignified to the Scots Com- 
 miiTioners, the Army defired the Parli- 
 ament woukl fend their. Proportions to 
 the King, as they had prom i fed before 
 the King left ' Oxford, that all Things' 1 
 might be fettled between them, and thcr 
 King. The "Parliament WAS. unwilling 
 
 to
 
 XF O^R V-.S II I R E. 
 
 24 
 
 to fend them, but at laft agreed to it. with them for all Arrears, in. which 
 They were nineteen in Number, of 
 "which thefe were the moft unacceptable 
 to the King, That he muft fwear to, and 
 tign the folemn League and Covenant, 
 and joyn in the utter abolifhing of Arch- upon 
 bifhops, Bi'fhops, Deans, Chapters, &v. 
 confirm their Directory, put the Militia 
 into the Hands of the Houfes, and leave 
 the Nobility and Clergy in their Hands, 
 to fcquefter, plunder, and treat as they 
 v.-ould. The Army did not much ap- 
 prove of feveral of the Propofitions ; 
 
 they differed a While, but at length 
 agreed, That the Scots fhould be paid 
 four Hundred Thoufand Pounds in full 
 of all Accounts, two down, and two 
 a fet Time, and the King to be 
 left in the Hands of the Parliament, 
 who received him at Newcaflle, and con- 
 veyed him to Holmby-Houfe in Northamp- 
 tovjlrire, where the Reader will find an 
 Account of his Treatment. 
 
 Anno \ 649, The Troops of Levellers 
 rofe about this Time, and one of them 
 
 but told the King, That he muft fubmit appeared at Kanbury, a Market-Town 
 
 to them, or never Reign himfelf, or 
 his Pofterity in England, or Scotland. 
 As foon as the King heard them, he 
 Shewed a great Averuon to them ; which 
 to remove, Duke Hamilton out of Scotland, 
 Mr. Henderfon, the leading Scotch Pres- 
 byterian Preacher, and Monfieur BeHevre 
 
 in this County, and there ported up 
 their Declaration, i. Againft the pre- 
 fent Parliament, and their Proceedings. 
 2. Againft the Council of State. 3. 
 Againft the Council of the Army. 4. 
 Againft the Proceedings of the late High 
 Court of Juftice. One Captain Tomfott 
 
 out of France from the Queen, were was a principal Leader of thefe Men, 
 
 lent, to perfuade him to accept them, 
 adding, when they thought the King 
 invincible, not only a clamorous Impor- 
 tunity, but terrifying Threats, which 
 were fo far from perfuading, that they 
 provoked the King to" give them this 
 Anfwer. *' That no Condition, which 
 they could reduce him to, could be 
 fo grievous to him by much, as that, 
 if he followed their Perfuafions, he 
 fhould reduce himfelf to; and Jo re- 
 folutely denying Compliance to their 
 Proportions, he bid them proceed in 
 4t their own Way, though they had for- 
 
 who to juftify his Proceedings put out a 
 Declaration, entitled, England's Stand- 
 ard advanced ; Or a Declaration from. 
 Mr. William Totnfon, and the oppreffed 
 People of this Nation, now under his 
 Conduft in Oxfordshire, for a new Parli- 
 ament, by the Agreement of the People. 
 The Houfe, May 4, declared them all 
 Rebels, for bearing Arms without the 
 Authority of Parliament, by their Pro- 
 clamation, and ordered the General to 
 fupprefs them. They were thought one 
 of Cromwel's Artifices to unfettle his 
 Mafters the Rump Parliament, though by 
 
 faken him, God had not." Some im- the Diligence of the General they were 
 pute this Stiffncfs of the King, to a Pro- foon fupprefled, Tomfon being flam, be- 
 " and his Party had caufe he would not accept of Quarters ; 
 
 n;ife that Cromwel, and his Party 
 made him, that upon rejefting the Par- 
 liament's Propofitions, the Army under 
 them would reftorc him to his Throne ; 
 but it ought only to be believed to pro- 
 ceed from his own Conscience, which 
 taught him how great a Sin it was, to 
 throw up the Conftitution of Church and 
 State, to the boundlefs Wills and Hu- 
 mours of open and profligate Rebels. 
 Thefe Methods not prevailing, the Par- 
 liament took Council how to get the 
 
 but he killed a Cornet, and wounded 
 fome others, before he received his 
 Death's Wound. 
 
 Another Party of Levellers appeared 
 this Year at Oxford, and having impri- 
 foned their Officers, fet Guards, forti- 
 fied New College, and committed many 
 Ah of Hoftility. The Parliament fenc 
 down Colonel Ingoldsby to appeafc them, 
 but they took him and put him under 
 a Guard, and chofe Agitators; but the 
 
 King into their Handy, and rid the Na- Colonel freed himfelf, and drew fo 
 
 lion of the Sects Army another Way, 
 -which wa by coming to an Account 
 
 many Soldiers after him, as at length 
 fubducd the Mutineers, and they were 
 
 tryed
 
 O XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 241 
 
 tryed by a Cpmmlflion of Oyer and Ter- 
 tniner, for High Treafbn ; but we do 
 not find, that they received any orher 
 Punimment, than the Soldiers running 
 the Gantlope, and others fined, or impri- 
 foned for a While. 
 
 The Plague being in London in 1665, 
 the Parliament was adjourned to this 
 City of Oxford, where they met Ottob. 9, 
 and had the Univerfity Schools prepa- 
 red for the convenient Sitting of both 
 Houfes. Being fettled, the King, and 
 Chancellor made their feveral Speeches 
 to the Lords, and Commons, in which 
 they rcprefented not only the vile In- 
 gratitude, and perfidioufnefs of the 
 Dutch, for which Caufe the War by their 
 Approbation was begun ; but their Vil- 
 lany in encouraging, and confpiring 
 with a Republican Party among us, to 
 kill the King, and overthrow the Mo- 
 narchy. Thefe Things being convin- 
 cingly made out to the Parliament, 
 they firft granted the King a Supply of 
 twelve Hundred and fifty Thoufand 
 Pounds, and a Bill for one Hundred and 
 twenty Thoufand Pounds, to be given 
 to the Duke for his valiant Behaviour, 
 and wife Conduct in the Sea-Fight a- 
 gainft the Dutch, and then proceeded to 
 make feveral Afts, which the Neceflity 
 of the Times feemed to require, viz* 
 
 1. That all fuch EngVjh Fugitives, as 
 remaining in Holland, have traiteroufly 
 joyned with the Dutch, both in their 
 Councils, and A&ions againil his Maje- 
 fty, and their native Country, do re- 
 turn by a certain Day, and anfwer to 
 the Law, or elfe they ihall be attainted 
 of High Treafbn. 
 
 2. That fince fcandalous Livings 
 make fcandalous Minifters, which often 
 falls out in Cities, and Towns corporate, 
 it mail and may be lawful for the Bifhop 
 of the Diocefe to unite fmall Churches, 
 and Chapels, in Cities, and Towns cor- 
 porate, by the Confent of the Patron, 
 referving other parochial Rights, di- 
 ftinft as they were before. 
 
 3. Becaufe the King at that Time 
 needed great Supplies of Money, a Bill 
 Was pafled to eafe the People of fome 
 
 iinneceflkry Expences, viz. For the more 
 effectual proceeding upon Diftrefles, and 
 Avowries for Rent ; and another to a- 
 void Circuity of Aftions at Law ; a third 
 to leflen the Charges of neceflkry Suits 
 in Law , and laftfy, to take away an 
 ancient burthenfbme Fee in Courts of 
 Judicature, called Damna Clericorum y or 
 Damage cleer. And furcher, 
 
 4. Becaufe the leading Men of the 
 diflenting Party, efpccially the Mini- 
 fters, were found to meet an Cities, and 
 Corporations, and there foment Difcor.- 
 tcnts, and Rebellion among Men of 
 their Perfuafion, to the great Prejudice 
 of Church and State ; therefore it was 
 enafted by this Parliament, That no 
 Non -con form ing Teacher fhall dwell, or 
 come, unlefs in travelling upon the 
 Road, within five Miles of any Corpo- 
 ration, or any other Place, where they 
 had been Minifters, or had preached at- 
 ter the Aft of Oblivion, unlefs they 
 took the following Oath. 
 
 /, A. B. do '/o^-fr, that it Is not lawful 
 upon any Pretence whatfoever , to take 
 Arms againjl the King ', And that I da 
 abhor the traiteroUs Pofitien of taking 
 up Arms by his Authority againjl hit 
 Perfon, or any in CamrKiJJion from him, 
 in Perfuance of fuch Commijpon ', and 
 that I will not at any Time endeavour 
 any Alteration in Government, in Church 
 or State. 
 
 This Aft hath been much cenfured 
 for its Seventy upon the Diflemers ; but 
 it was not for their Religion, but for 
 their feditious PraHces, of which at 
 this Time they had fufficient Evidence 
 from the King's Minifters abroad, and 
 fome of the Confpirators at home. With 
 thefc Afo the Parliament ended, -when, 
 it had fat but twenty-two Days. 
 
 Soon after the Parliament broke up, 
 the Plague ftill continuing in the Cities 
 of London and Wcpminjler, the ufuai 
 Places of the Adminiftration of Jufticc, 
 the King by Proclamation adjourned the 
 Michaelmas 'Term from thence to Oxford, 
 and the feveral Courts of Juftice fat ia 
 the publick Schools of the Univerilty. 
 H h Here
 
 24* 
 
 O XFO R <D SHIRE. 
 
 Here Sir Join Keeling an eminent Law- 
 yer firft appeared on the Bench, as 
 Lord Chief Juftice of England, and with 
 him Sir William Morion, one of the 
 Judges of the fame Court, who fuccced- 
 ed Sir Wadbam Windham then lately de- 
 ceafed ; but Hillary Term was removed 
 from thence to Wiridfor, and the Plague 
 ceafing in the Spring, the EaJIer Term 
 was reftored to the- ufual Place, Weftmin- 
 fler. 
 
 Anno 1<J8?, King Charles II. having 
 diflblved the late Parliament, for vo- 
 ting that all other Means of fuppreffing 
 Popery in the Nation would be ineffec- 
 tual, unlefs the Bill for excluding the 
 Duke of York) a profefled Papift, from 
 his Succeflion to the Throne, pa fled. 
 Another Parliament was chofen imme- 
 diately, and appointed by the Writs to 
 meet at Oxford, which Place was not at 
 all plcafing to the leading Members of 
 it. Wherefore it was agreed by feveral 
 of the Nobility, to draw up a formal 
 Petition againft that Place, reprefenting 
 to his Majefty, That at this Time, when 
 the Nation was in imminent Danger 
 from the Papifts, (for the popifli-Plot 
 was then newly discovered) it was not 
 fafe for the Parliament to meet at Ox- 
 ford, becaufe both Lords, and Commons, 
 would be there daily fxpofed to the 
 Swords of the Papifts, and their Adhe- 
 rents, who were many of them crept 
 into his Majefty's Guards, which would 
 ftrikc fuch an Awe upon both the Mem- 
 bers, and Witnefles againft the pepifli 
 Confpirators, that all Liberty of (peak- 
 ing, and Cleamefs of Evidence would 
 fee taken away, to which they added, 
 that the Place was too ftrait to enter- 
 tain with any Convenience fuch a Con- 
 courfe of People, as ufually followed 
 every Parliament ; Wherefore they 
 prayed the Parliament might, as it had 
 wfuaUy done, fit at JVeJiminfter, where 
 they might confult and aft with Safety 
 and Freedom. This Petition was fub- 
 fcribed by fixtecn Lords, of whom the 
 Duke of Mcnmoutb was at the Head, 
 and prcfented to his Majefty by the Earl 
 of ZTJlfX, who iniroduced it with a. 
 Speech, Ihewing to his Majefty, how 
 
 unfortunate many Aflemblies have been 
 to our King's, which have met in Places 
 remote from the capital City, and par- 
 ticularly at this Place, in Henry Ill's 
 Reign ; and confidering the Difcontents 
 now among the People, they had great 
 Reafon to fear this Meeting would be 
 fatal to his Majefty, and the Nation ; 
 and therefore do take themielves in 
 Confcience bound to offer their Advice, 
 and beg of his Majefty, to alter his un- 
 ieafonable Refolution. The King re- 
 ceived the Petition, and gave no aniwer 
 to if, but frowned upon the Deliverers. 
 
 But afterwards it was found, that as 
 it at firft difplcafed, fo it was afterwards 
 difregarded, and the Parliament was o- 
 bliged to meet March zi, 1681, at Ox- 
 ford, where the Gallery in the publick 
 Schools was prepared for the Lords, and 
 the Convocation-Houfe for the Commons. 
 The King opened the Seflion with a 
 Speech, in which he blamed the irregu- 
 lar Proceedings of the laft Parliament, 
 and hoped the ill Succefs of former 
 Heats, would difpofe them to a better 
 Temper. He advifcd them to have a 
 Care that their juft Concern for Religi- 
 on mould not lead them into unnecef- 
 fary Debates, and fo recommended to 
 them, the Profecution of the popifli 
 Plot, and the Trial of the Lords im- 
 prifoned in the Tower, as Contrivers, 
 and A&ors in it ; the more fpeedy con- 
 vi&ion of Recufants, and if it be pof- 
 fible, the ridding our felves quite of 
 that Party, that have any conuderable 
 Authority, or Intereft among us ; but 
 yet defired them not to lay fo much 
 Weight upon any one Expedient, as to 
 determine all others ineffectual without 
 it ; for what he had refblved concern- 
 ing the Succeflion, he could not depart 
 from ; but to remove any rcafonable 
 Fears of a popifli Succeflbr, he would 
 confent to any Methods of fettling the 
 Government in Proteftant Hands in that 
 Cafe, by which their Religion may be 
 preserved, and the Monarchy not de- 
 ftroyed. This Speech being ended, and 
 a Speaker chofen, who was William Wil- 
 liams Efq; the Parliament, after taking 
 the Oaths as ufual, proceeded to Bufmeis. 
 3 And
 
 OXFO RT> S H IR E. 
 
 And then the Refolutions of the 
 Houfe of Commons, foon appeared to 
 begin where the laft Houfe ended, and 
 after fome Debates about other Matters, 
 it was moved, That for the Prefervation 
 of the Proteftant Religion, and the 
 King's Perfon, a Bill ihould be brought 
 in to prevent a popifh Succcflbr; and 
 in particular againft James Duke of 
 York, and that it fhould be the fame 
 Bill, which pafled the laft Parliament. 
 But becaule Mr. Secretary jfenkins op- 
 pofed that Motion, as contrary to his 
 Majefty's Speech, in which he had de- 
 clared, that he would not alter the Suc- 
 ceflion, yet allowed them to find out 
 Expedients to guard the Proteftant Re- 
 ligion againft a popifh Succcflbr, they 
 proceeded to confult upon Expedients, 
 which were fome of them thefe. i. 
 That the Duke of York be baniflied from 
 thefe Kingdoms five Hundred Miles, 
 a. That the Government both of Church 
 and State, be veiled in a Regent. 5. 
 That the Regent be the Princefs of 
 Orange^ &c. but there was fuch a vio- 
 lent Oppofition to thefe Expedients, 
 fome as unufual, others as abfurd and 
 ridiculous ; fo that at length it was con- 
 cluded, That there was no Way to pre- 
 ferve the Religion eftablifhed, but by 
 excluding the Duke from the Throne, 
 whereupon the Bill, as drawn by the 
 laft Parliament, was ordered to be 
 brought in at their next Meeting, 
 and accordingly was. read, March 18, 
 1 68 1, Mr. Secretary Jerkins again op- 
 pofed it, and faid it was againft the Re- 
 ligion, Government, and Wifdom of 
 the Nation, to bring in and pafs fuch a 
 Bill ; and therefore hoped, they would 
 throw it out ; but no Body anfwered, nor 
 feconded him ; but the Bill was ordered a fc- 
 cond Readiifg. After this the Houfe pafled 
 to other Matters, as Fitz. Harris's Im- 
 peachment, &>c. but on a fudden the 
 Ufher of -the black Rod came in, and 
 commanded their Attendance in the 
 Houfe of Lords, where they found the 
 King in his Robes, who told them, 
 That he obfcrved fuch great Heats be- 
 T\\en the Lords and them, that he 
 
 243 
 
 could cxpeft no good Succefs from their 
 Meeting, and therefore thought fit to 
 diflblve them, and accordingly the Lord 
 Chancellor declared that Parliament dif- 
 folved, when they had fat hut fcven 
 Days. The King went ftrait to Wlndfor 
 with all Speed, leaving the Houfes, and 
 City in a perfet Confternation. 
 
 As to the prefcnt State, and Condi- 
 tion of this City, its Buildings are fair, 
 and Streets large and populous. It is 
 governed by a Mayor, and Aldermen, 
 but all of them in SubjeGion to the 
 Chancellor, and Vice-chancellor of the 
 Univerfity, whofe Orders they muft 
 obey in all Affairs of Importance, tho* 
 they chiefly concern the City it felfl 
 In Token of this Submiflion, the Mayor 
 with the principal Citizens of Oxford, 
 and the High Sheriff of Oxfordjl)ire t do 
 take an Oath every Year to maintain the 
 Right, and Privileges of the Univerfity, 
 which Oath is tendred to them by the 
 Vice-Chancellor. And further upon the 
 Day of S. Scholajlica, which is February 
 to, the Mayor, and fixty-two of the 
 chief Citizens, do folemnly pay each of 
 them a Penny in St. Mary's Church, in 
 Lieu of a great Fine formerly laid upon 
 them, for an Outrage committed by the 
 Citizens upon the Scholars, in the Reign 
 of King Edward III. There are in this 
 City two Markets weekly, viz.. on Wed- 
 nefday, and Saturday, and as many Fain 
 yearly, one upon May 7, the other 
 upon St. Bartholomew's Day, -dug. 24. 
 Here are alfo thirteen Parifli Churches, 
 befides the Cathedral, which was an- 
 ciently the Church of St Frjdifwide, but 
 now is called Chrijt-Church, which fliew* 
 it to be one of the largeft Cities of 
 England. It fends alfo two Burgefles to 
 Parliament, befides thofe that arechofen, 
 and fent by the Univerfity. Here are 
 alfo forrie medicinal Springs in the Pa- 
 riflics of St. Clement, and St. Magdalene, 
 and a Caftle, or fome Ruins of it, built 
 by Robert D' Oyley a Norman, who came 
 into England with the Conqueror, with 
 the Collegiate Church of St. George with- 
 in the Walls. 
 
 
 H h i
 
 244 
 
 OXFO R <D S HIR E. 
 
 This City hath long given the Title of DUKE, 
 ^ EARL, &c. to Noblemen', viz. 
 
 DIVAN, the Father of St. Tride- 
 fwide, is mentioned by Dr. fuller 
 to be Duke of Oxford. He obferving the 
 pious Inclination of his Daughter to a 
 fingle Life, built a Alonaftery in this 
 City, which is fince become Part of 
 Chrijl-Church, and made her the Abbcfs 
 of it: fhe died in 739, and was buried in 
 herMonaftery, and was afterwards Saint- 
 ed by the papal Authority, being placed 
 ia the Roman Kalendar, on the nine- 
 teenth Day of Oftober. 
 
 Swane, eldcft Son of Godwin Earl of 
 Kent, was Earl of this Place in 1044. 
 He for inveigling Edgiva, Abbefs of Leo- 
 mir.fter to marry him, was forced to fly 
 into Denmark^ but being defirous to re- 
 turn home, he prevailed with Earl 
 Seerne, the King of Denmark's Son, to 
 intercede with King Edward the Con- 
 Icffor to pardon him, promifing to be- 
 come an obedient Subject, for the future ; 
 but upon feme Difguft flew him ; and 
 though afterward he was reconciled to 
 the King, and joined with his Father 
 in an InfurreHon in 1051, for which, 
 he fled into Wanders, where he married 
 Judith, Daughter of the Earl of Flanders, 
 yet the Murder of Prince Reame could 
 not- be gotten out of his Mind, and 
 therefore to expiate fo foul a Fact, he 
 fubmitred to thfs Penance, . to go 
 bare footed to Jerufalem, in which Jour- 
 aey he got fo much cold, that he died 
 vf it in his return at Liela. He left 
 * Son named Hacan, but we do not find, 
 that he inherited this Earldom, but it 
 vas conferred on : 
 
 Ed^ar, furnamed Etheling, the Son of 
 Edward fill-named the Outlaw, Son of 
 King Edmund Ironjide, and Algitb his 
 Wife, by Agatha the Daughter of the 
 .Emperor Henry II. Dr. Hey I'm makes him 
 liarl of Oxford, Anno 1067. Edward the 
 tk-e Confcflbr educated him in his Court, 
 
 to fit him for the Succeffion to the 
 Crown after his Death, but King Harold 
 firft deprived him of it, and William the 
 Conqueror compleated his Diflnherifon. 
 Indeed Edwin and Mcrcar, the Earls of 
 Northumberland and Chejler, being difcon- 
 tented with the inhuman Proceedings of 
 the Nor-mans, contrived to Crown this 
 Edgar, the lawful Heir, a Perfon fo be- 
 loved by the People, that he was called 
 England's Darling ; and many Nobles, 
 with the Citizens of London, and Navy 
 adhered to him ; but the Clergy falling 
 to William, which was the ftrongeii Side, 
 and Victory ftill attending him agaiuftErf- 
 gar's Friends, William was accepted as 
 King by a general Vote at Barkbamjlead 
 in Hart fordjh ire, and Edgar was forced to 
 fly into Scotland. After him 
 
 Alberic, or Aubrey de Vere, commonly 
 called Alberic the third, was created 
 Earl of Oxford by King Henry II. Anno 
 1155. Sir William Dugdale fays, he was 
 created by Maud the Emprefs in King 
 Stephen's Reign, and King Henry II. her 
 Son, confirmed that Honour to him. 
 He was mightily in Favour with that 
 Princefs, who beftowed on him the Of- 
 fice of great Chamberlain of England, 
 the Tower and Caftle of Coklejter, and 
 Earldom of Cambridge jlnre, to which 
 King Henry her Son" added the third 
 Penny of the Pleas of this County. He 
 founded a Nunnery at Ikelington, in the 
 Diocefe of Ely, and at Henningbam in 
 Effex, and a Priory at Hatfdd, Broad-Oak. 
 He died in 1194, and 
 
 Alberic his Son and Heir iuccecded 
 him. He gave two Hundred Pounds for 
 a Relief for his Father's Land after his 
 Death, and two Hundred Marks for the 
 tertium Denarittm of Oxfordfiire, that he 
 might be Earl of the County. He was 
 the Sheriff of Effex and Hartfordfrire, in 
 the Reign of King John, Anno 10, ta 
 x whom
 
 Q XFO R T> S III R E. 
 
 whom he was efteemed one of his evil 
 Councellors, and died 1 6 Joan, without 
 Iflue. He was buried at Coin in EJfex, 
 and his Brother fucceeded in his Honour 
 and Eftate, whofe Name was 
 
 Robert de Vere ', he gave the King a 
 Thoufand Marks for the Livery of the 
 Lands of his Inheritance, and fome o- 
 ther Things, which having obtained, 
 he was one of the Chief of thofc Ba- 
 rons, that took up Arms agaiuft King 
 Jolm, and being a Party to the Agree- 
 ment made between the King and them 
 to manage the Government as they 
 pleafed, was excommunicated by Pope 
 Innocent HI. for fo doing ; but upon King 
 John's Death, the Barons came to a 
 peaceable Compofure with his Son, 
 King Henry III. and this Earl got into 
 fuch Favour, that he was made one of 
 the Judges in the King's Court of Ju- 
 ftice, but lived not long after ; for he 
 died 5 Hen. III. and was buried in the 
 Priory of Hatfeld-Broadoafo. He mar- 
 ried IfabeJ the Daughter of Hugh, but 
 Sifter and Heir of Walter de Bolebec, by 
 whom he had Iflue 
 
 Hugh de Vere, his Son and Heir, who 
 performing his Homage, had Livery of 
 his Father's Lands 1 5 Hen. III. and upon 
 the Death of his Mother obtained the 
 Lands of her Inheritance, upon the 
 Payment of an Hundred Pounds, and 
 doing Homage. He was one of the Ba- 
 rons, that fubfcribed the Letter fent to 
 the Pope, to complain of his ExaSions 
 in the Realm, 30 Hen. III. and was in 
 that Parliament, which upbraided the 
 King with his licentious Expences, and 
 placing a Treafurcr and Chancellor 
 without their Approbation. He founded 
 an Hofpital at Cajlle Hemiingham in Ejfex, 
 for the Health of his own, "Wife's,. Chil- 
 dren, and Anceftors Souls ; and gave 
 the Knights Templars his Lands- in Ra- 
 Aenache in Bucki, with the Church. He 
 departed this Life Anno iz6?, 47 Hen. 
 III. and was buried at Coin, leaving by 
 Hatnife his Wife,. Daughter of Margaref 
 Countefs of Winttn, 
 
 Robert de Vere , his Son and Heir, who 
 w the King's Chamberlain, but foon 
 
 H5 
 
 after took Part with the Barons, who 
 rofe againft the King, under Mottntfort 
 Earl of Leicejler; but taking the Advan- 
 tage of the Law, entituled Dictum de 
 KetiUworfbi he made his Peace with the 
 King, and at length got fo much into 
 his Favour, that King Edward I. em- 
 ployed him in his YVars againft the 
 Welch. He gave fbme Lands to the 
 Knights H.-fpitalers* and one Hundred 
 and fifty Acres of Land and Meadow, 
 in Bircbanger and Takeky, to the Canons 
 of Tbremenhale, for the Health of his 
 own Soul, and Son Gilbert's. He died 
 Z4 Ediv. I. leaving by Alice his Wife, 
 three Sons, viz. Robert his Son and Heir, 
 Hugh, and Thomas, (Afybonfus died in his 
 Life time.) 
 
 Robert de Vere inherited the Honour, 
 and the greateft Part of his Eftate. He 
 was in the Expedition made into Scot' 
 land, 26 Ed<w. I. and among other Char- 
 ters, obtained one for his Tenants at 
 Lavenham, where his Father had before 
 gotten a Grant for a Fair on Monday, 
 Tuefday, and Wednefday in Eafter Week, 
 a Privilege of pafling Toll-free through- 
 out England. He married Margaret the 
 Daughter of Roger Mortimer Earl of 
 March ; but leaving no IflTue by her, his 
 Nephew, the Son of his youngeft Bro- 
 ther Alpkonfus, named 
 
 jfohn de Vere, was his Heir and Succef- 
 for, one of the grcateft Soldiers of his 
 Time, whom King Edward III. fcnt, or 
 took with him in diverfe Expeditions 
 into Scocland, Flanden, and Frajifg^ in 
 which laft Service he had forty Men at 
 Arms, with himfelf, one Banneret, nine 
 Knights, twenty Efquires, and thirty 
 Archers on Horle-back under him ; for 
 the Maintenance of \vhich Retinue and 
 himfelf, he was allowed fix Sacks of 
 Wool. He was with the King in diverfe 
 other Expeditions, and laftly attended 
 Prince Edward in the Battle of Poifteri 3 
 where he had forty Spears under his 
 Command. In his kit Will and Tefta- 
 menf, which was made' on All Saints Day, 
 $-Ediv. III. he gave diverfe Legacies to 
 pious Ufes, viz, four Hundred Marks in 
 
 pous 
 
 Aid of the Holy 
 
 an 
 
 Hundred 
 towards
 
 O XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 
 cowards the Building of Coin Church, 
 and as many towards the Rebuild- 
 ing of the new Abbey Chapel at 
 Cajile Hennirgham, that Mafles might 
 there be celebrated for him by two 
 Priefts. He died Jan. 24, in the fame 
 Year, and was buried in Our Lady's 
 Chapel in Coin Priory. He left two Sons 
 and two Daughters, of which 
 
 Sir Thomas d. Vere was his eldeft Son 
 and Hei r , who being then beyond Sea 
 in the King's Service, he had the Li- 
 very of his Eftate without doing Ho- 
 mage, till his Return almoft fix Years 
 after. He was married in his Father's 
 Life- time to Maud, the Daughter of 
 Ralph de "Ufford, by whom he had a Son. 
 After his bather's Death, he was for the 
 inoft Part in the Wars in France, but 
 upon his Return, made his Will at Beitt- 
 le-fa in which he ordered his Body to be 
 buried in St. Peter's Chapel at Coin Pri- 
 ory, and gave to his Wife all his Re- 
 liques, among which was a Crofs made 
 of the Wood of Ch rift's Crofs. Sir John 
 Hawkwwd, -the 'famous Soldier, was ap- 
 pointed one of .his Executors. He died 
 loon after, 45 Edw. III. Anno 1371, lea- 
 ving only one Child, viz.. 
 
 Rcbert de Vere IV. his Son and Heir, 
 -u'ho being under Age, his Wardfhip 
 v.as granted to Ijigelrmn, then Earl of 
 Bedford, who married him to Philippa -his 
 Daughter, He came of Age, 6 Rich. IT. 
 -and becoming a great Favourite to that 
 Prince, was not only retained by him in 
 diverfe Expeditions, but in Confidcra- 
 tion of his great Cofts and Expcnces, 
 he wa .at in that King's Service, he 
 procured a Grant of Qiteenkorough Caftle 
 in Kent, to himfelf for Life, and in 
 Cafe he furvived the King, to his Heirs 
 forever; as alfo the Caftle and Lord- 
 Ai :p of Okeham in Rutland, with the Fo- 
 reft there. After this the King's Favour 
 ^towards him increasing, he was created 
 jfipft Marquels of Dublin, and then Duke 
 of Inland in Parliament; and had a 
 Grant from the King of the Lands and 
 Dominions -of .Ireland, with all the Pro- 
 fits .thereunto belonging, in as ample a 
 .Manner, as /the King ought to haye the 
 
 fame. By thcfe Gifts and Honours, he 
 grew haughty and infolent, and put a- 
 way Ifabel his Wife, which much difta- 
 fted and provoked the Nobility, efpeci- 
 ally the Duke of Gloucefler, the King's 
 Uncle, who fought an Opportunity to 
 vindicate his Niece's Dilhonour. Robert 
 was fenfible of this, and withdrew with 
 the King into Wales, as if he intended 
 to go to his Government in Ireland, but 
 (laid there a While contriving the 
 Death of the Duke of Gloucester, and the 
 Earls of Arundel, Warwick, &c. At 
 length they returned to Nottingham 
 Caftle, where ftaying to confider how to 
 carry on their Enterprise, the Lords 
 fufpe&ed fome evil Defign upon them, 
 and raifing what Power they could, met 
 at Harinebay-Park near Highgate, in an 
 hoftile Manner, at which the King be- 
 ing ttartled, fent to know the Caufe of 
 their Difcontents, and was anfwcred, 
 That they had taken Arms for his Ad- 
 vantage, viz. to rid him of thofe Trai- 
 tors, that he had about him, particular- 
 ly Robert de Vere Duke of Ireland. The 
 King calling the Lords to him, pacified 
 Matters for the prefent ; and the Duke 
 of Ireland feeing his Danger, fled with 
 Michael de la Pole Earl of Suffolk, beyond 
 Sea, but landing not long after with 
 four or five Thoufand Men, the Lords 
 having their Forces ready, fell fo fierce- 
 ly upon him, that being near Rodcote- 
 "Bridge on the Ijii in Qxfordflrire, he was 
 forced to leave his Men, and fwim over 
 the River to cfcape. Upon his Flight, 
 the Nobles caufed the King to fummon 
 a Parliament at Weflminjler, and exhibit- 
 ed certain Articles of High Treafon 
 againft him, which they required him to 
 anfwer to ; but he not appearing, was 
 banifhed, and all his Poffeflions confif- 
 cated. <He fled into Flanders, and died 
 in a poor Condition at Lovain, Anno 
 1592, 1 6 Rich. II. but about three Years 
 after, the King can fed his Body to be 
 brought over into England, and buried at 
 Cdn in -EJfex, himfelf and many of the 
 Bifhops being prefent at his Interment ; 
 init /ew Lords, He died \ithout any 
 
 Iffue,
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Iflue, and the Honour, with the entailed 
 Eftate, defcended to 
 
 Alberic, or Aubrey de Vere, his Uncle, 
 being Brother to the laft Earl TJwmas, 
 by the Confent and Allowance of the 
 Parliament, and to his Heirs ; becaufe 
 he had, before the Earldom defcended 
 to him, been even in King Edward Ill's 
 Reign, a Perfon very faithful and fer- 
 viccable to his Soveraign, and on that 
 Account was employed with others, in 
 the Commiflion to make a Peace with 
 Charles King of France, 5 1 Edw. III. and 
 afterwards conftituted one of the Em- 
 baladors to make a League with Wenc'i- 
 jlaus, King of the Romans and Bohemia, 
 and the King of England his Mafter, 
 4 Rich. II. and retained to ferve the 
 fame King in the Wars of Scotland forty 
 Days ; but after he was Earl of Oxford 
 he grew infirm, and therefore the Office 
 of Lord High Chamberlain of England, 
 which his Anceftors had long held, was 
 in 17 Rich. II. beftowed upon John Hol- 
 land Earl of Huntington, to hold for 
 Term of Life, and continuing ftill weak, 
 had a fpecial Licenfe to be abfent from 
 the Parliament held at Shrewsbury, 21 
 Rich. II. by which the Judgment given 
 againft his Nephew Robert, to whom he 
 fucceeded, was revoked. He married 
 the Daughter of John Lord Fitz-Waher, 
 by whom he had only one Son, who af- 
 ter his Death, which happened on Sr. 
 George's Day, I Hen. IV. Anno 1399, fuc- 
 ceeded him, viz- 
 
 Richard de Vere, and inherited his Ho- 
 nour and Eftate. Upon his Acceffion to 
 this Honour, the Commons in Parlia- 
 ment aflemblcd did pray the King, That 
 having married Alice the Daughter of 
 the King's Sifter, he might be reftored 
 to the Office of Lord High Chamberlain 
 of England, being his Due by Inheri- 
 tance, and taken away forcibly by King 
 Richard; but the King would not aflent 
 to it, poflibly, becaufe about the fame 
 Time, Maud the old Countefs of Oxford, 
 the Widow of Earl Thomas, being ftill 
 alive, caufed it to be divulged, that 
 King Richard II. was alive, and would 
 foon come to claim the Crown ; and di- 
 ftnbu ted Silver Harts about in his Name 
 
 up and down the Country. This bein<* 
 found out, flie was apprehended, and 
 being committed to Prifon, her Goods 
 were confifcated. But it feems, he con- 
 tinued ftill in Favour, and was in two 
 Expeditions into France, before the laft 
 of which he made his Will, and be- 
 queathed his Body to be buried in Coin 
 Priory abovcmentioned, dying the next 
 Year, 1417, after his return from France, 
 and leaving by Alice his Wife, two Sons, 
 John and Robert, the Elder of which, 
 
 John de Vere, fucceeded in his Father's 
 Honour. He being in Ward to the King, 
 and marrying Elizabeth, the Daughter 
 of Sir John Howard jun. Knt. without 
 the King's Licence, was forced to pay- 
 two Thoufand Pounds, to obtain Par- 
 don for that Tranfgreflion. He obtain- 
 ed Licenfe, 13 Hen. VI. to go into the 
 Holy Land with twelve Perfons in his 
 Company, taking with him an Hundred 
 Pounds in Money, and having Bills of 
 Exchange fer five Hundred Marks ; but 
 we fuppofe bought himfelf from that 
 Journey, (as was ufual in thofe Times) 
 for in 14 Hen. VI. he was fent into P/- 
 cardy for the Relief of Calais; and in 
 the i ith of the fame Reign was in Com- 
 miflion with John Duke of Norfolk, to 
 treat upon a perpetual Peace between 
 his Mafter, and Charles de Valois King of 
 France. But when King Edward IV. at- 
 tained the Crown, and the Parliament 
 which fet him up, disinherited King 
 Henry VI. and all of the Lancajlrian 
 Line, he and Aubrey his Son being firm 
 Lancajlrians, were attainted with the 
 Dukes of Exeter, Somerfet, and many o- 
 thers, and at feveral Times beheaded ; 
 but this Earl left diverfe other Sons, 
 viz* John, George, Richard, and Thomas^ 
 all Knights, who all were under a 
 Cloud, and durft not claim their Ho- 
 nours, till King Henry VI. was reftored, 
 when 
 
 Sir John de Vere aflumcd the Honour 
 of Earl of Oxford, and adhering to King 
 Henry, when he had recovered the 
 Throne again, fat High Steward in the 
 Trial of John Ttptoft Earl of Worcefter, 
 a firm Adherer to the Houfe of Tork t 
 
 who
 
 248 
 
 OXFORTt&HIEE. 
 
 who being taken in the Foreft of Way- 
 brigg, where he was found on the Top 
 of an high Tree, was carried to London, 
 and there condemned to fufter Death by 
 this Earl, and accordingly was behead- 
 ed upon Tower Hill, and buried at Black 
 Fryars in the City, Providence returning 
 that upon his own Head, which he had 
 infli&ed upon feveral Gentlemen for 
 fiding with the Lancajlrians at Southamp- 
 ton the fame Year, loEdw. IV. but the 
 Scene loon changed, and Edward by his 
 Vitory in Bat-net Field, was again refto- 
 re'd to the Crown ; whereupon this Earl 
 flying into Wales, got Pofleflion of St. 
 Michael's Meant in Cormval, with three 
 Hundred ninety- fevcn Men; but they 
 were forced to refign it to Fortefcae and 
 his Forces, \vho were fent by the King 
 to befiege it ; and being taken Prifbneir 
 with the Lord Beaumont, they were both 
 carried to the King to London, and being 
 attainted by the next Parliament that 
 met at Weflmlnjler, were fent Prifoners 
 to the Cattle of Hanzmes in Picardy, in 
 France, where he remained, wben Ri- 
 chard III. reigned. Here, after fbme 
 Time, he heard, that Henry Duke of 
 Richmond, was ftirred up by the Nation, 
 wholly difguftedby Richard's Tyranny, to 
 rccox r er the Crown, as the next Heir of 
 .the LaMcaftrian Line, and was like to 
 obtain it, through the Aid and Afiiftancc 
 of the French, and other Potentates, 
 whereupon at this Earl's Motion the 
 Caille of Hammes declared for the Duke 
 of Richmond, and he with the Governor 
 Sir James Blunt, fled to that Duke, with 
 whom he remained ever afcer, and 
 marched with him to Bofivorth Field, 
 where he commanded the Van-guard, 
 confifting of Archers, againft King Richard, 
 and by his wife Conduft in the Battle, was 
 thought one of the chief Inftruments of ob- 
 taining the Victory. For this memorable 
 Service, after the Duke of Richmond was 
 crowned toy the Name of King Henry 
 VII. he was firft rcftored to all his Pof- 
 fcflions, made one of that King's Privy 
 Council, and Lord High Steward at his 
 Coronation, Conftable of the Tower of 
 London, Lord High Admiral of England, 
 
 England, which was granted to his Anceftor 
 Alberic de Vere, by King Henry I. He had by 
 his Wife Margaret, Daughter of Richard 
 Earl of Salisbury, a Son named John, 
 but he died young in the Tower, during 
 his Father's Exile, fo that upon his de- 
 ceafe March 10, 4 Hen. VIII. 
 
 John, the Son of his Brother Sir George 
 Vere Knt. who was called Little John of 
 Campei, was his Heir. He married Ann, 
 the Daughter of Thomas Howard Duke of 
 Norfolk, but left no Iflue by her; and fo 
 his three Sifters became Heirs of hjis 
 Moveables, and fome Eftate ; but 
 
 John, Son of Robert de Vere, Brother 
 to the aforefaid John II. inherited the 
 Title, and all the entailed Eftate of his 
 Family. He was one of the Peers, who 
 fubfcribed the Articles againft Cardinal 
 Wolfey, and likewife the Letter fent by 
 the greateft Part of the Nobility, with 
 many Bifhops, and Abbots, to Pope 
 Clement VII. to let him know, that un- 
 lefs he complied with King Henry's De- 
 iire in the Cafe of the Divorce of his 
 Queen Katharine, his Supremacy would 
 be caft out of the Realm, zzHen. VIII. 
 and was madeone of the fame King's Privy 
 Council, Reg.zS, He left five Sons, of whom 
 John his eldeft Son fucceeded him in 
 his Honour, 32 Hen. VIII. He, befides 
 his own Inheritance, had many Lands, 
 which defcended to him by his Mother 
 
 Elizabeth, Sifter and Heir of 
 
 Truffel Efq; He was in the famous Expe- 
 dition to BuUolgne, being a Commander 
 in King Henry VIII's Army, Reg. 36". 
 led by John Lord Ruffel, Lord Privy 
 Seal. He had by Margaret, the Sifter of 
 Sir Edward Goldlag Knt. 
 
 Edward de Vere, his only Son and Suc- 
 ceflbr. He was in 29 Eliz. one of the 
 Peers, who by a fpecial Commiflion. 
 from that Princeft, fat with other Lords 
 to try Mary Queen of Scots (then a Pri- 
 foner in Fotherlnghay Caftle) for her Life, 
 as alfo was one of the chief Perfbns in 
 the Queen's Fleet, employed againft the 
 Spanijh Armada, which then threatened 
 an Invafion to the Nation, and much 
 
 terrified the People; but it was diflipa- 
 ted, and deftroyed by the EngliJJj Navy. 
 
 at length Lord High Chamberlain of He was called the poetical EarJ of Ox- 
 
 ford,
 
 OXFO R 
 
 ord, becaufc in his younger Days, he 
 was an excellent Poet and Comedian, 
 which he gave a full Proof of in many 
 Writings of his, which are now loft; 
 but fome there are ftill in Being, which 
 though now of little Value, were highly 
 efteemed in his Time. He married Ann, 
 Daughter of William Cecil, Lord Burghley, 
 Lord Treafurer; and becaufe his Father- 
 in-Law would not procure a Pardon for 
 his entire Friend Thomas Duke of Nor- 
 folk, who was condemned for High Trea- 
 fon, for courting, and aflifting the 
 Queen of Scots, he refolvcd in Revenge 
 to ruin his Daughter, which he accord- 
 ingly did, firft forfaking her Bed, and 
 then confuming, and felling the great 
 Inheritance of his Family ; fo that he 
 left, when he died in an advanced Age, 
 in 1604, very little to 
 
 Henry de Vere, his only Son and Suc- 
 ceflbr ; he married Diana, the fecond 
 Daughter of William Cecil Earl of Exeter, 
 but died at the Siege of Breda in the 
 Netherlands, Anno 1625, leaving no Iffue, 
 whereupon 
 
 Robert de Vere, Son and Heir of Hugh 
 de Vere, a far diftant Kinfman, put in 
 his Claim to the Honour and Eftate, 
 and was in Parliament admitted, Anno 
 z Car. I. He alfo claimed the Honour, 
 and Titles of Lord Bulbeck, Sanford, and 
 Badlefmere, as alfo the Office of Lord 
 Great Chamberlain of England ; but was 
 oppofed in them all by Robert Lord 
 Wllloughby of Eresby, as Son and Heir of 
 Mary, the fole Heir Female. The Dif- 
 pute lafted a long While, the Records 
 were diligently fearchcd by both Sides, 
 and Council heard feveral Times, after 
 which it was thus determined. That 
 the Titles of Lord Bulbeck, Sanford, and 
 Badlefmere, defcended to the Heirs Fe- 
 male of John IV. Earl o~f Oxford, which 
 were his three Sifters; but not being 
 dividable came to the King, and were 
 at his Difpofal ; and as to the Olfice of 
 the Lord Chamberlain, it was re- 
 ferred to the Judges attending the Par- 
 liament, who being but five prefent, 
 three of them declared for the Heir 
 General, and fo Robert Lord WlUou&hby 
 aflumed the Staff of his Olfice, and was 
 
 ) S II I R E. 249 
 
 admitted to his Place above all the Ba- 
 rons, according to the Aft of 51 Hen. 
 VIII. chap. 10, for he took his Place 
 next to the Earl of Arundel. He was 
 flain at the Siege of Maftrelcht 1632, 
 and left by his Wife Beatrix Van Hemnii- 
 ma, of Freehand, but one Son (his other 
 two, Horace and Francis, dying young) 
 named 
 
 Aubrey de Vere, who fucceeded him in 
 his Earldom and Eftate. In the Troubles 
 of King Charles I. he was loyal, but not 
 a&ive, however 'tis probable, that he 
 promoted the RHloration of King Charles 
 II. in a fignal Manner, becaufe he was 
 fo highly promoted, when it was brought 
 about, which could proceed from no- 
 thing but the Merit of his good Servi- 
 ces ; for we find, that fhortly after the 
 Reftoration of King Charles II. he \vas 
 ele&ed one of the Knights of the mo ft 
 noble Order of the Garter, made one of 
 his Majefty's Pi-ivy Council, Colonel of 
 a Regiment of the King's Guards arid 
 Lord Lieutenant of the County of Effrx, 
 fome of which Offices he held to iiis 
 Death. He married Ann, one of t!.e 
 Daughters and Coheirs of Paid Vifccurt 
 Banning, but leaving no IfTue, he afcer- 
 wards married Diana, Daughter to George 
 Kirk Efq; one of the Groovrs of the. 
 Bed-chamber to King Charles I. He en- 
 joyed the Lord Banking's Eftate for Life, 
 tho' he had no Children by his firft Wife, 
 by the Gift of his Lady. He died with- 
 out Iflue Male, March iz, 1702., and fo 
 his Honour, after a long Succeiiion us we. 
 fee above, became exrinft ; and the 
 Eftate pafled to his Lady's Heirs, hcf 
 four Aunts Pofterity; but the Honour 
 was about ten Years after, revived in the 
 Perfon of 
 
 Robert Harley Efq; defcended of an 
 ancient and eminent Family of Hirleys, 
 in Sbropjhire. He being a Perfon of Note, 
 both for Eftate and Underftanding, was 
 for fome Time, while he was young, 
 returned a Member to leveral Parlia- 
 ments, and in 1700, 12 Gal. III. was 
 chofen Speaker of the Houfe of Com- 
 mons, in which Poft he continued for 
 two following Parliaments. By this 
 Place he >vas reccm neuded to the No- 
 I i t.cc
 
 250 
 
 rice of Queen ANNE, who foon after 
 her Accemon, made him one of her 
 Privy Council, and not long after one 
 of her principal Secretaries of State, 
 which he held till the Year 1708, when 
 he furreridred that Olfice to her Majefty. 
 Two Years after, The Queen finding 
 a in ft Occafion to change her Miniftj y, 
 was plcafed to call him again to her 
 Council, and heaping Preferments on 
 Jvim, appointed him one of the Com- 
 miflioners of the Treafury r and foon 
 after Chancellor, and Under-Treafurer 
 of the Exchequer, and at length by 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Letters Patents, bearing date May 14, 
 1711, created him a Peer of this Realm, 
 by the Stile and Title of Baron Wlgmuve 
 in the County of Hereford, and Earl of 
 Oxford and Mortimer, and conftitnted him 
 Lord High Trcafurer of Great Britain. 
 He married Elizabeth', the Daughter of 
 Tloomas Foley, of Wbitley-court in Worcefter- 
 Jbire, Efq; and Sifter of the Lord Foley, 
 by whom he hath Ifliie Edward Lord 
 Harley, who hath married the Lady 
 Henrietta-Cavendijl) HoHis Daughter and 
 Heir of John Duke of NewcaJIh ; and 
 two Daughters. 
 
 Tliis City is rendered famous, by the Birth of many 
 gnat Perfects, viz* 
 
 RICHARD, the Son of King 
 II. and Queen Eleanor, furnamed 
 Cceur de Lion, i. e. a Lion's Heart, who 
 was born at the KirgV Pajace here, 
 called" Eeattmont ; he is reprefented % as 
 itndutiful to his Father in our Hiftories, 
 out of a particular Aflfe&ion to his Mo- 
 ther, which afterward, when he was 
 King, he was fenfible of, as a great 
 tault, that to attone for it, he with 
 King Philip of France, undertook a 
 Voyage into the Holy Land, to refcue 
 the City of jFervfaleni, and our Lord's 
 Sepulchre, out of the Hands of the Sa.- 
 racenh In his going he fuftered Ship- 
 wreck, and many Mifchiefs, and in his 
 Return was taken Prifonei^ by Leopold, 
 Archduke of Aujlria, out of an old 
 Grudge ta him. He abated nothing of 
 his Spirit in his Behaviour, though in a 
 ftrift Confinement, which rend red him 
 the more defirable to his Subjets, who 
 cheerfully paid an Hundred- Thowfand 
 Pounds Tor his Ranfome, and had no 
 Occafion to repent of the Bargain - y tho' 
 the Duke of Aujlrla aftcd unworthy of 
 a Prince, in fci?.ing him in his Travels, 
 and impofing fo unreafonable a Fine ; 
 for lie cot only reformed himfelf upon 
 * f I 
 
 hfs Return, bur correfted many ill 
 Cuftoms, and foul Enormities in the 
 Natron ; and had done much more good 
 to it, had not an unfortunate Arrow 
 fhot from a Caftle in Frajice r which he 
 was befieging, put a Period ta his Life 
 in the Year of our Lord 1199. 
 
 Saint Fridefwide, Daughter of Didan' 
 Duke of Oxford, abovementioned, was 
 born in this Town. She was admirable 
 for her Chaftity, for being follicited by 
 Algarw* a young Nobleman,, to yield to 
 his Luft, fhe made a miraculous Elcape 
 from him ; and he was as miraculoufly 
 ftricken blind. This Accident wrought 
 fo much upon her, that fhe thought her 
 felf obliged to dedicate that Virginity to 
 God, which had been fo ftrangely pre- 
 ferved, and thereupon her Father built, 
 a Monaftery for her, as ia above obfer- 
 ved'. 
 
 John of Oxford, a, great Hiftorian in 
 his Time, and by Heftor Boetbius ranged 
 next to Jeffrey of IMonmoutb for Age, and. 
 Induftry. He was a great A'nti-Eeckctijt^ 
 /\ e. an Oppofcr of Archbifhop Becket's 
 obftinate Proceedings againft the King,. 
 as many other learned Men of that Age 
 were. He was employed by King; 
 
 Horn
 
 O XF R *D S H I R E. 
 
 Henry II. to give the Pope an Account 
 of the King's Carriage in that Bufinefs ; 
 but we have no further Account of it. 
 He was Dean of Sarum then, and the 
 King's Chaplain, and was made Bifhop 
 of Norwich in the Year 1175, where, 
 while he fat, he repaired his Cathedral, 
 which had been a. little before greatly- 
 defaced by the Fire, which accidentally 
 happened in the City ; built a fair Alms- 
 Houfe, and Trinity Church in Ipfwich. 
 He died in the Year 1200. 
 
 Robert of Oxford, a great Admirer of 
 Thomas Aquinas, who was his Cotempo- 
 rary, accounting his Opinions almoft as 
 Oracles. In his Time the Bifliop of 
 Parts with the Content of the Do&ors 
 of the Sorbonne (who were great Cham- 
 pions for Liberty) granted a Licenle to 
 the Scholars of Oxford, Opinari de Opini- 
 onibus, i. e. to difpute of any Man's Opi- 
 nions, not decided by any general Coun- 
 cils, as Matters of Faith. Our Robert 
 was much offended at this Conceffion, 
 and wrote againft the whole College of 
 the Sorbonne about it, in which, though 
 he mewed a great deal of Zeal, and 
 Courage for the Truth, as he believed; 
 yet he incurred the Cenfure of fome, 
 as a rafli Man, that had more Boldnefs 
 than Brains. He flourished in King 
 Henry Ill's Reign. 
 
 William Chillingworth, born and bred in 
 Oxford, where he was educated in Trinity 
 College. He was an acute and fubtile 
 Difputant, but of an unfettled Judg- 
 ment. He was no Drudge at Study, but 
 allowing himfelf a Liberty in Converfa- 
 tion, became acquainted with one Mr. 
 John Ftjker, a learned Jefuit, and a cun- 
 ning Difputant, who fuiting his Genius, 
 that was partly by revolving fome 
 Doubts, which he had not been fo lucky 
 as to meet with from others, and partly 
 by Perfuafions brought him over to the 
 Rom i ft Communion, and carried him to 
 $t. Omen. Here he remained fome 
 
 Time, difputing and propounding hi.v 
 religious Scruples to the Society (which 
 made them uneafy); but not finding 
 them able to give him full Satfsfa&lon 
 in all his Scruples, as he expected, efpe- 
 cially fuch as his Confcience had ftaried, 
 when he became more fully acquainted 
 with their Corruptions, he left them 
 with their good Leave, and returned to 
 the Church of Englind in K>;i, and was 
 received by his Godfather Dr. I.aud t 
 then Bimop of London, very kindly. 
 Upon his coming home he was offered 
 Preferment, but refufing to fubfcribe 
 the thirty-nine Articles, was uncapable 
 of it for the prefent, which fhewed, 
 that he did not defcrt the Romijl) Reli- 
 .gion for Intereft, but purely for Con- 
 fcience-fake ; but afterwards he was bet- 
 ter fatisfied in the Lawfulnefs of fuch 
 Subfcription, and having written excel- 
 lently againft the Papifts, in a Book 
 which he entituled, The Religion of Prs- 
 tejlants, the fafe Way to Salvation, &c. 
 which was very acceptable to the Go- 
 vernors of our Church. He was reward- 
 ed for it with a Chancellorfhip of the 
 Church of Salisbury, and with the Ma- 
 fterfhip of Wigitan's Hofpital in the 
 Borough of Lelcefter, both which, if not 
 other Preferments, he kept to his dying 
 Day ; but the Blcmifh. of his Lapfe into 
 Popery was not rubbed of, though he 
 condescended to make a Recantation in Sr. 
 Mary's at Oxford, as an open Teftimonjr 
 of his Reconcilement to the Church of 
 England; for as the Puritan Party al- 
 ways held him to be a Papift in Heart, 
 at, and after his ConverHon, fo he ftjfl 
 bears the. Name among that Party, and 
 fuch as they have influenced, of a Pa- 
 pift in Mafquerade ; but furely very un- 
 juftl)^ fince he gave as plain Signs of his 
 Sorrow for, and Converfion from his 
 Errors, as can reafbnably be defired ; 
 and his Book is an undeniable VVicncfs 
 for him. 
 
 I i 2 
 
 Of
 
 252 XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 Of the UNIVERSITY of OXFORD 
 
 General. 
 
 TH E Original of this famous Uni- 
 verfity, though earnefily contend- 
 .cci for by the Antiquaries that had their 
 Education there, yet cannot, after 
 much fruitlefs Diligence, be certainly 
 difcovered. Some indeed refer its firrt 
 Foundation to the Ages next after the 
 Dcftru&ion of Troy, and aflert (though 
 we do not fuppofc t.hey believe them- 
 ielves') that the Studies of Learning 
 flourifhed here, ever fince the Trojans 
 comirg out of Greece, under the Com- 
 mand of Ernie, who brought certain Phi- 
 Jofophers with them, whom King Mem- 
 fkrick fettled in this Place. Others will 
 have it eftablifhed by Arviragm a Britij}) 
 King, about fcventy Years after Chrift's 
 Incarnation, both alike uncertain, if 
 rot altogether fabulous. We fiiall con- 
 fute neither, but infift upon what is as 
 plain,, as Hiftory can make it, which is> 
 That IMartinll. who arrived at the papal 
 Scat about the Year 882, confirming this 
 Univerfity, ftylcs if an ancient Academy, 
 or Univerfity, which may be at leaft a 
 Ground to believe, that if it was not 
 founded foon after this Kingdom embra- 
 ced the Chriftian Religion ; yet it was 
 at leaft fome Centuries before Martin's 
 Confirmation. Tis true, that for fome 
 Years before, the Nation had been in- 
 voh'ed in fo many Troubles, /ind Con- 
 fufions by the Wars among the Saxon 
 Kirgs, that Arts and Sciences . left their 
 Refidence here, and the Univerfiy re- 
 taired little more, than the Name; but 
 at length Kirg Alfred having redugpd 
 the rr.tional Affairs to a peaceable State 
 and Condition, and rcfolving to promote 
 all Thirgs, that might tend to the Ho- 
 nour and Advantage of his Subjefrs, 
 proceeded to make many Regulations, 
 cfpecially in relation to Learning, ha- 
 ving observed, that few on the South 
 Side of Hummer could read Engfijh, and 
 fcarcc a Pricft underftood the Latin 
 
 Tongue. He began thereupon with this 
 Univerfity, and 'that he might reftore it 
 to its priftine Glory, he firft fent into 
 France for Grim bold, and John a Monk, to 
 invite them to come to Oxford to teach the 
 Arts and Sciences, which having obtain- 
 ed, there was fo great a Concourfe of 
 Youth, thirfting after Learning, that 
 Xing Alfred found it neceflarj^ to build 
 three Colleges, viz- great, little, and 
 lefler Uiycrfity Halls, and liberally 
 endowed them, for the Encouragement 
 of the meaner Sort, as well as rich, to 
 become learned, giving the fixth Part of 
 his yearly Income, for the Maintenance 
 of his Scholars there. 
 
 King Edward I. Alfreds Heir and Suc- 
 ceflor, was as great an Encourager of 
 Learning, as his Father had been, and 
 did almoft, as much for Cambridge, as 
 Alfred had done for Oxford, fo that both 
 Univerfities became in a very flourifli- 
 ing Condition in his Time, and fo con- 
 tinued under the Princes of the Saxm 
 Line, that fucceeded him, for above an 
 Hundred Years ; but after the Danes be- 
 gan to infell the Kingdom with their 
 Ravages, and Plunderings-, this City of 
 Oxford was among other Towns confu- 
 med, and burnt to the Ground by that in- 
 human People, fo that all Studies here 
 ccafed for above an Hundred and thirty 
 Years. However the Town was not fo 
 long neglc&ed, but through the Benefi- 
 cence of the Princes, and Nobles, and 
 the Love, which many even in thofc 
 Days had for Learning, it was rebuilt, 
 and the Scholars rc-afTcmbled there ; 
 but another. Misfortune not long afrcr 
 happened to if. Mary Danes in this In- 
 terval had fettled themfelves all over the 
 Nation, and became in ibme Places in- 
 tolerably infolent, and domineering 
 over the Saxons, to the great Offence of 
 King Ethelred, and his Nobles, who re- 
 folving to bear it no longer, contrived 
 
 to
 
 XFO RT> S HIRE. 255 
 
 to put an End to all their Power at of the Kingdom, and endowed them 
 once in England, by a general Slaughter with fuitable Salaries for the Education 
 of them ; and to Etfe5 this their De- of the Children of all his Subjects, ai d 
 
 moft efpecially cftablifhed this School, 
 (as Universities were then called) ; for 
 he went to Rome, and having ottered 
 
 figns, Tent Letters with the utmoft Se- 
 crecy into all Parts, commanding all his 
 Subjefts at a certain Day and Hour to 
 fet upon the Danes, and deftroy them 
 without Compaflion. This Sentence was 
 executed with the utmoft Cruelty at 
 Oxford ; for great Number of them fly- 
 ing, to fave their Lives, into the Mona- 
 ftery of St. Fridtsfaide, and the Churches, 
 were torn from the Altars, (which had 
 
 rear Gifts to St. Peter, obtained of Pope 
 'fohn XXI. that it fliould be free from 
 Taxes and Tribute. Indeed Oxford by 
 Name is not mentioned among Catuttn'* 
 Foundations ; but who can believe he 
 overlooked it, feeing he reftded there 
 fomc Years, and was dwelling thcre > 
 
 been before profaned) and flain without when he endowed the Abbey of 
 
 Mercy. In this Maflacre, (as Malms- with fome Lards, and a Church in Ox- 
 
 bury tells us) the Lady Gunhild, Sifter to ford, and called a Parliament thither to 
 
 ' then King of Denmark, who had eftabliih King Edgar's Laws, which the 
 
 been a great and continual Friend to learned Men of the Univerfity were 
 
 the Engiijh, and was fent hither as an 
 
 Hoftage upon Conditions of Peace, with 
 
 her Husband named Palingus, who were 
 
 all Chriftians, were flais, contrary to 
 
 the Laws both of Nature and Nations 
 
 News being brought into Denmark of 
 this bloody MaflTacre, Swane, full of 
 Anger and Revenge, refolvcd upon a 
 
 called to interpret out of the 
 Language, which hardly any other 
 learned Men at that Time could have- 
 done. 
 
 Harold, furnamed Harefoot, from his 
 Nimblenefs in running, fuccceded his 
 Father Canute in this Kingdom, but was 
 no Friend to Learning, or learned Men, 
 
 fpeedy Retaliation, and having gathered as Leland afliires us in thefe Words* 
 all his Forces together, palled the next The Sch.ols founded by Alfred at Oxford, 
 Spring, with a great Navy, into England, flourished to the Times of Harold, the frjl 
 
 and landing in the Wefi, fpoiled the 
 Country all along as they marched, 
 rafed Exeter, rifled Wilton, took Salisbury, 
 and at length paffing through the Chiltern 
 Wood came to Oxford, which they fet on 
 
 King of England of tkat Name, w-ho as he 
 was a Dane, A Barbarian and a cruel Per- 
 fan ', fo for little and no Caitfe, be demolijhed, 
 and deftroyed the Building dedicated" to Scho- 
 lar-like- Exercifes, and which is worfe, took 
 
 fire, and departed, by which Means the away all the Farms, and Re-venues which 
 City efcaped Deftruftion for the prefcnt, 
 the Citizens extinguishing the Flames ; 
 but though Oxford yet flood, it was but 
 refervcd to another Fit of Danifi Fury ; 
 for within a Year or two after, Swain 
 befieged and' took it, and flaying there 
 a While butchered many of the Scho- 
 lars and Town fm en, and enflaving the 
 Survivors, did all he could to extirpate 
 both Learning and Chriftianity, which 
 to avoid, the Scholars all fled, and left 
 the Univerfity vacant, as it continued 
 
 were given jar thafe Ufes, having no Rfgard 
 to the -pious Donations of his Ancejton ', yet 
 he thought he granted a Fav:ttr- to the Scholars 
 of Univerfity College that he left them their 
 bare Honfe to dwell in, no/ could they obtain 
 any Part of their Revenue, till the Reign of 
 King Henry III. being forced to he contented 
 to live in the i^-repa/red 'Buildings, &c. Ill 
 which State this Univcrfuy continuea 
 all the Rei.<?:n of Hardicanute. But Ed- 
 ward the Confeflor being a Perlbn of 
 more favourable Inclinations JO good 
 
 for fome Time; but 'Canute the Dana, Literature, cad a propitious Eye upon 
 
 Son of Swain, 'obtaining the Crown, this Univerfity, in the very Beginning of 
 
 was a better Friend to the Mufes ; and his Reign, when by a fpecial Edict, he 
 
 that he might promote the Increafe of eftablifhed, that all the Scholars Goods, 
 
 Religion, and Knowledge, founded di- which had been heretofore embeiilled 
 
 Verfe Schools in the Cities and Towns and perverted, fliould be reflored to 
 
 their
 
 = 54 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 their antient Owners, and the Stipends 
 formerly granted by King Alfred, and 
 lately loft by the Rapin of Hing Harold, 
 fliould be again refettled to their proper 
 LMe, by which Constitution this Univer- 
 fity enjoyed Peace and Eaie for a fmall 
 Time, and might have done fo longer, 
 if they could have humoured the 
 Changes that followed. For William the 
 J3orr,iar., called by our Hiftorians the 
 Conqueror, does no where appear to 
 have been any ways dilafte&cd to Learn- 
 ing, or the Seminaries dedicated to it; 
 but being deiirous of a Kingdom, and 
 a fierce Enemy to all that oppofed him 
 in his Defign, this Place came under 
 his Difpleaiurc upon this Occafion, and 
 the 'Univerfity fuffercd with it. 
 
 Enel.*r.d being a valiant and brave 
 Nation, came very unwillingly under 
 the Norman Power, and though the Bat- 
 tle of Ha/lings laid the Foundation for 
 an entire Conqueft, yet before" William 
 could he iettled, there were diverfc Ri- 
 fings in feveral Parts of the Kingdom ; 
 among which, one in Northumberland, 
 being afiiftcd by the Scotch King and the 
 Danes, was the moft dreaded by him ; 
 and thereupon having Intelligence of it 
 he Iwore, that he would quite deftroy 
 the Country. In his March he heard 
 thatthis City of Oxford had rebelled againft 
 him, which obliged him to go a little 
 out of his Way to ftill them ; when he 
 came thither he found the Citizens re- 
 folved to defend thcmfelves, being in- 
 vironed with a flrong Wall; whereupon 
 he having no Way to gain it but by a 
 Siege, he took a View of it round, in 
 order to his attacking of if. In his 
 Way one of the befieged got upon the 
 Walls and pulling down his Breeches 
 Jet a Fart at him, which when he was 
 informed of, he burft out into a'Pafiion, 
 and fwore, he would avenge the Affront, 
 vhich he foon did ; for he took it at 
 the firft.Attack, and left it to be harraf- 
 ied, and plundered by his Soldiers, 
 who flew not only many Citizens, but 
 Academicks; yet the prcfcnt Sufferings 
 \VC-P' not the folc bad EtFcfts of. the 
 P cbellion. This City was much im- 
 povenfheu by ir, and the King confined 
 
 to his Exchequer, the Clerkfhip of the 
 Market, and demifed the fame ; and 
 being yet jealous of the Fidelity of the 
 Citizen?, and neighbouring Places in- 
 fluenced by them, he caufed Robert D' 
 Oily a Norman, who had obtained many 
 Lordlhips in this County of him, as a. 
 Reward for his Services, to build a 
 Caftle on the Weft Side of the City, and 
 fortify it with large Trenches, and Ram- 
 parts, in order to reprefs their Inib- 
 lence, if they fhould again ftir. In this 
 Caftle he ere&ed a Collegiate Church, 
 dedicated to St. George, for fecular Ca- 
 nons of the Order of St. Auftin, who 
 continued there, till in the Reign of 
 King Stephen they were tranflated to 
 Ofney Abbey, and the Houfe it felf was 
 made an Hoftel, or Inn for fecular Stu- 
 dents, fubjeft to the JurifdiHon of 
 the Chancellor of the Univerfity. A- 
 bout the fame. Time alfo, the Conquer- 
 or dcfpoiled the Scholars of fuch Exhi- 
 bitions, as had been fettled on them by 
 King Alfred, becaufe he could not bring 
 them to comply with his Defign to ex- 
 tirpate the Englijb Tongue, and bring in 
 the Norman, by preaching in it : So that 
 the Scholars of thole Colleges were 
 forced to live upon the Benevolence, 
 and Contributions of fuch as flood up 
 for the Englifo Tongue, till they were 
 otherwife endowed ; yet he ratified the 
 Laws made by Edward the Confeflbr, in. 
 Favour of the Univerfity. 
 
 But the Conqueror finding this At- 
 tempt impra&icable, applied himfelf to 
 more gentle Methods, to fecure his 
 Throne to himfelf and Pofterity ; and to 
 that End began to encourage this Uni- 
 verfity, by fending his youngeft Son 
 Henry i (afterwards King Henry I. ) to 
 Study there, which gave fuch a Reputa- 
 tion to it, that the Number of Scholars 
 greatly increaled upon it. The Prince 
 himfelf mightily improved in Learning 
 here, for which he was furnamed Beau- 
 chrke., and ever retained a great Affec- 
 tion for this Place ; for he being come 
 to the Crown, ere&ed a. Palace here- for 
 himfelf, and his Succeflors, in a Piece 
 of Ground, ftill called Beaumont, and 
 granted many Privileges ;to, the Scholars, 
 
 which
 
 -55 
 
 which was an Inducement to the learned men, in main raining Maud the Em- 
 
 Men of all Parts to flock hither. Hence prefs's Title, whom they had received 
 
 it was, that during this King's Reign, not into their Cattle, fuch \vas the Refent- 
 
 only man yPerfons famous for their Learn- merit of King Stephen, who was then in 
 
 ing, as Walter.Calne, Archdeacon of Oxford, Pofleflion of the Crown, though without 
 
 who was eminent for his Knowledge in a jult Title, that having forced the 
 
 foreign, and domelHck Hiftory, and a Caftlc to yield to him y he cauied the 
 
 great Orator ; William of. Malmsbury, Town to he burnt ro. t!ie Ground, which 
 
 our English Hiftorian ; Celfus Armacbanus, forced the Scholars to fly, and feek for 
 
 a Perfon endowed wkh all Sorts of other Places for their Studies. Three 
 
 Knowledge; and Robert Bertune, Biihop Years were pafled in repairing, and re- 
 
 of Hereford, who was f'o highly efteemed building t-he City,;- before the Scholars 
 
 for his Saji&ity by the Pope, that he could think of a Re-rum; but then being- 
 
 \vas after his Death, thought worthy of encouraged by the Bounty, and earnclt 
 
 Canonization, appeared in this Univer- Advice of icv^ral .Patrons of Learning, 
 
 itty ; but the Town it felf was fo en- the Profeflbrs of the feveral Arts and 
 
 riched by the Scholars, (every Houfe be- Sciences refumed their Places of reading 
 
 ing full of them) that whereas it paid but Lethires to the young Students, accord* 
 
 ao /. per Ann- and fix Scxtaries of Honey ing to the ancient Inftitution, and a- 
 
 for Gable, or Toll before, it now paid mong them the .moft eminent was Si/ut-w 
 
 60 /. the Houfes being fo much increafed. of Durham, a Monk of the Eenedittlr.e 
 
 Jn this King's Reign, there came to Order, who having been a diligent 
 
 this Univerfity from Exeter, one Robert Searcher into the hidden ReceiTes of 
 
 , and for five Years together read natural Pbilofophy, in his Reading dif- 
 
 imon the Holy Scriptures, which had covered fuch' Secrets therein, as raifed 
 
 been for fome Time much negle&ed, 
 to the Students here. Every Lord's Day 
 
 a mighty Admiration in aJl his Hearers, 
 and Scholars, but to the Offence of 
 
 alfo, he preached to the People, who many, who had rather he had e.vercifcd 
 
 were much benefited by his Do&rine. his Wit, and Learning, Jn proving the 
 
 Leland highly extolling him for his Re- Authority of the Pope, the Dignity of 
 
 ftoration of Learning here, fays, That the roonaftick Order, the Excellency of a 
 
 he omitted nothing in order to the in- fingle Life, the immaculate Conception of 
 
 ftru&ing of the Youth in the learned the Virgin Mary, the Nature of leavened, 
 
 Languages, by reading to them daily in and unleavened Bread, and Tranfmuta- 
 
 the publick Schools, till his great Fame tion of the Bread and Wine in the Sa- 
 
 caufed an Interruption of his intended crament, ftv. againlt the Hereticks, (as 
 
 Defigns ; for Pope Innocent II. hearing of they were efteemed at that Time) who 
 
 him,"fent for him to Rome, where ha- oppofed them, as Corruptions of the 
 
 ving remained a While, Pope Celeftine II. Christian Doftrine. 
 
 made him a Cardinal, and Pope Lucias In this King's Reign the Civil and 
 
 VII. his. Chancellor; but all theie Ho- Canon Laws, which had hitherto been 
 
 nours could not keep him from his na- .unknown at this Univerfity, were firft 
 
 tive Country ; whereupon he returned brought into- it ; one Vicar'mt, a Lombnvct 
 
 home, and being in great Favour wich by Nation, and a Perfon very skilful i;i 
 
 King Henry, as well as the Pope, he was that Sort of Learning, fbfting up Lee- 
 
 not unmindful of this Univerfity, but rures ro explain the lame. Tr/him moll 
 
 procured of both feveral Bulls and Cha- of the Scholars applied thetnfclves, with 
 
 ters of Privileges, as well for the Govern- great Tbirft afcer this Kind of Know- 
 
 menr, as Defence of this Univerfity. ledge, which was,. -altogether new to^ 
 
 With King Hznry, who was the Pa- them , and he without any Diftinftion 
 
 tron of the Learned, and Learning here, of Quality^ intruded both the Rich 
 
 died the Splendor of this Univerfity; and Poor, infonuich, that in his Time 
 
 for the Scholars joining vvith the Towns-, the . Study,,of thclb Law;, fo far prevailed 
 
 t at
 
 
 XF RT> S HI RE. 
 
 being diftinguifhed from each other, 
 and fo known by the Name of the Ma- 
 terials of which they were built, as 
 
 .at 0>fsrd among all the Students there, 
 
 as alio in diverle other Parts of the 
 
 Rcjlm, that the Artifts in other Studies 
 
 -tnd Faculties, complaining to theKingof Leaden hatt, Tile bait, &c. and becaufe 
 
 tlte Decay of Learning in general, one of them was adorned with Glafs 
 
 J . ,* ^ . " . iii ^_ 
 
 Glazen-balf. 
 
 replenished 
 
 him to impofe Silence upon 
 - that he might not get the Stu- 
 from them by his Reading, but 
 without Succefs, for fo much Eftcem 
 dia this Study gain among all Pcrfons 
 ot" Knowledge, by giving Delight and 
 Satisfaction to all Men in Point of found 
 Keafoning, that the King could not 
 
 Windows, it was called 
 
 When thefe Houfes were 
 
 with Scholars, this King's extraordinary 
 
 Friendfhip to Learning further appeared, 
 
 efpecially to the Scholars of this Uni- 
 
 verfity ; for he maintained many of them 
 
 out of his own Exchequer. 
 
 The State of Learning, during this 
 
 think it well to Endeavour by Authority King's Reign in this Univerfity, was 
 to Itop the Progrcfs of if ; and fo thefc this. School Divinity was much in Ufe, 
 Times abounded with many Men fa- and diligently ftudicd ; but Philofophy 
 mons for their Knowledge in thefe Laws, was of no Reputation, and the Studies 
 as Alberick de Vere, Earl of Guien, Law- of Languages almoft wholly laid afide. 
 fence of Durham, and others. The Knowledge of the Civil, and Ca- 
 in King. Henry II's Reign Learning non Laws ftill kept its Ground, notwith- 
 
 v/as at a low Ebb, and could hardly 
 keep its Ground, by Reafon of the Con- 
 tefts between him and his Clergy, who 
 under the Condut of Thomas Becket, then 
 
 {landing the Artills Endeavour to their 
 utmott to deftroy it. So that this Uni- 
 verfity was famous throughout all the 
 World, for Men eminent for Law, and 
 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury, backed with School Divinity, of which thefe were 
 
 the Pope's Authority, endeavoured to 
 maintain the Exemption of the Clergy, 
 guilty of the worft of Crimes, as Mur- 
 der, i ; clony, Robbery, Burning Houfes, 
 
 eminent Profeflbrs here, viz. Benedict of 
 Peterborough a Benediitine, Roger Hoveden, 
 a learned Hiftorian, as well as Divine, 
 Darnel Morlay, Adam Bat-eking, Adam Cr- 
 
 the King found 
 couragement of 
 
 and the like, from the Judicature of the fun, and feveral others. 
 King, and his fecular Court*, to be In King John's Reign this Univerfity 
 judged and tryed in the fpirituai ; which was under great Difcouragements, the 
 
 King himfelf bearing the Students no 
 good Will, as did appear by this Inftance. 
 A certain Clerk being exercifing himfelf 
 with fome Aftivity of Body, chanced 
 without Dcfign, to ftrike a Woman a 
 Blow of which flie died, and being a- 
 fraid of the Punifhment fled for it. 
 The News of it being Carried to the 
 Mayor and Burgeffes, they met toge- 
 ther, and having enquired out to what 
 Hall, or Hoftel he fled, they went thi- 
 ther, and not finding him, apprehended 
 three Clerks, that knew nothing of it, 
 in the faid Hoftel, whom they imprifon- 
 ed, as guilty of the Murther. The 
 
 to be fuch an En- 
 Wickednefs, that he 
 would not allow it ; and the Archbi- 
 fliop not being contented to forego it, 
 filled the Nation with -Inch Troubles, as 
 hindrcd the Progrefs of Learning, and 
 all good Arts. So that our Hiftories 
 menuon nothing remarkable concern- 
 ing this Univerfity, till the Reign of 
 his Son, 'and Succeflbr Richard I. called 
 for his great Courage, Ccetir de Lyox, or 
 Lion-hearted. This Prince being born 
 at the Royal Palace here, bore a gra- 
 cious Afte&ton to Learning, and on that 
 Account beftowcd many Privileges, and 
 
 Immunities upon this Place, the Foun- King happened to be at Wood/lock at that 
 
 tain of it. In his Reign, and partly by Time, and the Citizens making Appli- 
 
 his Enconragement, as we may fuppofe cation to him, he ordered them to carry 
 
 there were many Halls ere&ed for the the Scholars out of the Town, to a 
 
 Reception of Students, fome covered with Place where the Univerfiry had no Ju- 
 
 Lea: ; , a- d o:hcrs with S!tc, and Tile, rifdi&ion, and hang them, which they 
 
 2 did 
 
 '
 
 O XFO R T> S II I R E. 
 
 2)7 
 
 did accordingly without Tryal, or Proof. 
 The whole Body of the Univerfity, as 
 well Dolors, and Maftcrs, as Scholars, 
 were greatly difpleafed at this A&ion, 
 and unanimously agreed to leave the 
 Place, not one flaying behind ; and 
 went fome to Cambridge, and others to 
 Reading in Berl'Jlrire, and Maidjlone in 
 Kent, to compleat their Studies. The 
 Pope was very angry with the Citizens 
 for this unjuft A&ion, and to fliew his 
 Difguft, forbad certain Mafters, who to 
 fecure the Stipends of their Places, ei- 
 ther ftaid behind, or now and then came 
 to the Schools to read, or carry on any 
 academical Excrcifes. This papal Pro- 
 hibition fo humbled the Citizens of Ox- 
 ford, who vere before much grieved for 
 their Lofs of Trade, and the Rents of 
 their Hoftels, that upon rhe firft coming 
 of a Legate, vi z . Nicholas Bifhop of Tttf- 
 culum, from the Pope, they applied them- 
 fclves to him, and having begged Par- 
 don for their Crime, obtained Abfolu- 
 tion, upon Condition the Scholars fliould 
 have their Hoftels for ten Years, for 
 half the Rent formerly paid, and for 
 ten Years more the Scholars fliould tax 
 the Rents of them. Things being thus 
 agreed, the Scholars returned again to 
 their Halls, and King J-ohn repenting of 
 liis late rafli Proceedings againft them, 
 granted them feveral new Privileges and 
 Immunities, and among others, that 
 they mould not be obliged to appear at 
 any foreign Court of judicature ; but 
 that the Chancellor of the Univerfity 
 fliall have the Cognizance in all Caufcs, 
 and Matters whatfoever, wherein a 
 Scholar, or his Servant mall happen to 
 be the Litigant. But aftey King John's 
 Death, and the Legate's Departuic, the 
 Citizens receding from their Agreement, 
 fell to their old Pra&ifes of opprefling 
 the Scholars, and taxing their Hoftels 
 to the Height, nay, feized fomc that be- 
 longed to the Abbey of Ofney, which 
 they were forced to -bear, till Walo an- 
 other Legate and Cardinal Prieft, upon 
 the Scholars Complaint, rcdrefled it, by 
 a decretal Bull made for that Purpofe ; 
 and fo for about twelve Years the Uni- 
 
 verfity, and City remained in Peace with 
 each other ; but then other Quarrels 
 arofe, which procured this Decree, that 
 for the future, if any Contcfts arolc 
 between them, the- Town fliould fubaut 
 them' to the Decifion of four of thc^ 
 principal Head- Matters. 
 
 In the Reign of this King Hwry III* 
 Anno 1 129, there happening a Difference 
 at Paris, between the Students and Citi- 
 zens, about the Price of Wine ; Kin^ 
 Henry by his Letters Patents, invited 
 the Parifmns into England to Study at 
 Oxford, which they accepting, in Hopes 
 of his farther Favours, came and fettled 
 here, to the Number of a Thoufand, or 
 more. This Succcfs fo pleaicd the 
 King, that he gave farther Liberties to 
 Scholars of other Nations to come, and 
 to encourage them to fettle in this Town, 
 did-by his Writ to the Mayor, and Bai- 
 liffs, command all Perfons, that let any 
 Houles to Students, to let a juft and 
 reaibnable Price on them, which being 
 complied with, the Number of Scholars 
 increafcd fo, that the Burghers were 
 forced to enlarge the Bounds of the 
 City for their Reception, and repair all 
 the decayed Inns in the Town ; for the 
 Univerfity was fo increafed by the Mul- 
 titudes of French, Irijl), and Scotch, which 
 came thither, as well as Englijl), that 
 Richard of Armagh, and other Hiirorians 
 of that Age, affirm the Number of 
 Scholars at one Time, to have been 
 thirty Thoufand at leaft. 
 
 A friendly Intercourfe between the 
 Scholars and Citizens, lafted fomc- Years 
 after this ; but at length their old En- 
 mities broke out again, ands.mon?, other 
 leflcr Injuries done the Scholars, the 
 Citizens on May i, 1*4$, in their Mad- 
 ncfs flew a Scholar of noble Extra&ion, 
 which fo much difturbed the Heads of 
 the Univerfity, that they not only com- 
 plained to the King of the Fact, but re- 
 folved, that unlefs this Murder were 
 punifhed as it deferved, they would 
 leave their Studies here. The King im- 
 mediately fcnt down his i Chancellor to 
 inquire into the Faft, and by a Jury of 
 honeft Perfons find cut, if poflible, the 
 K k Mur-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Murderers, and in the mean Time caufe 
 an Excommunication to be denounced 
 in general againft all fuch Perfons, as 
 had been the Dilturbers of rhe Peace of 
 the Church and Univerfity ; but nothing 
 ould be difcovercd, though 'twas fup- 
 pofetl, that the guilty Perfons were well 
 known even to the Bailiffs of the City. How- 
 ever, the King to allay the Heat of the 
 University, and oblige them to continue 
 their Studies here, went down to Wood- 
 fork, ami fummoning to him the Heads 
 of the Univerlity, ami. the Burgcffes of 
 the Town, did in their Prefcnce grant 
 to the Umverfity feveral Privileges and 
 Immunities by Charter, that he might 
 thereby in feme Meafnre better fortify the 
 Rights, and Privileges of the Scholars, 
 againft all Attempts of the Townfmen 
 for the future, viz. That if the Burgef- 
 fcs fhould kill a Scholar, or do him any 
 great Wrong, the Corporation fliall be 
 punimed, and amerced; and that the 
 Mayor, and Eailiff fliall be fworn to 
 preferve the Liberties and Cuftoms of 
 the Univerfity, with fome others of the 
 like Nature. 
 
 The State and Condition of the Uni- 
 verfity, much about this Time, was 
 very full cf Troubles; for, i. Learning 
 it felf was corrupted v/ith the Subtilties 
 of Logick and Metaphyficks, through 
 fomc Perfons, who had had Part of 
 their Education at Par'n. Of thcfe, the 
 Chief was Richard of Ccrnwal, who be- 
 ing Chancellor of York, and publick 
 Profcflbr of Divinity, poifoned the 
 Youth here by his Lcfturcs, which he 
 read upon the Sentences, in Imitation 
 of the Friars at Paris. 2. The preach- 
 ing^ Friars crobarrafied the Univerfity 
 with their Diilenfions, complaining of 
 the Rigour of fomc Statutes, made 
 chiefly, (as they alledged) in their Pre- 
 judice, though the true Defign of them 
 was for the Advancement of Theology, 
 c/'fc. That Degrees fhould be orderly 
 taken, and no Man promoted to them 
 through any Sollicitations of great Men, 
 as they had formerly been. The Friars 
 highly refented this, and gave the Uni- 
 Tcrfity much Trouble about the^n, folli- 
 
 citing the Abrogation of them, and in 
 the mean Time adulterating the Sci- 
 ences with new Opinions, and impugn- 
 ing the Rules and Conftitutions of the 
 Place, which much hindered the Pro- 
 grefs of Learning. 
 
 The North-E//J7>, and Tr/Jh Scholars, 
 in this Univerfity, had frequent Con- 
 tefts, and Difputesin this Reign of King 
 Henry III. What the Rife and Caufe of 
 their Diflenfions was, is not fully 
 known ; but f!s conjefturcd, that they 
 proceeded from the Celebration, and 
 Commemoration of fome of their na- 
 tional Feftivals, when by indulging 
 themlelves too freely in Meat ana 
 Drink, they fell to quarelling ; but 
 whatever was the Caufe, the Effefts 
 were fo very deftruftive on all Sides, 
 that the Univerfity was forced to take 
 it up, and at a full Congregation at St. 
 Mary's, bring them to an Agreement in 
 this Manner. Twelve of each Country 
 were delegated, to put an End to thefe 
 Differences, that the Peace of the Uni- 
 verfity might be preferved for the fu- 
 ture, and a Statute was thereupon made, 
 injoyning an Oath to be taken, firft by 
 the Delegates, and then by all Incep'- 
 tors in each Faculty, and by all Scho- 
 lars coming thither, and taking De- 
 grees ; and on Refufal of it, tendered by 
 the Pro&ors, to ftand deprived of all 
 academical Exercifes, and Advantages. 
 After this Concord, the Chancellor by 
 another Statute made thereupon, with 
 the Sanction of the greater Excommu- 
 nication, forbad all thefe Feafts, which 
 was an Argument that thefe Broils were 
 of very bad Confequence to this Univer- 
 fity. 
 
 Arrno 1254, 38 Hen. TIL Robert Grojl- 
 head Bifliop of Lincoln died, to the great 
 Grief, and Sorrow of the Students of 
 this Unirerfity ; for he was not only a 
 pious Man, and an indefatigable Pro- 
 moter of Learning, but a ftrennous Af- 
 fertor of the Rights, and Privileges of 
 this Univerfity, and an Avenger of any 
 Encroachments, and Breaches made on 
 them ; as alfo a charitable Supporter of 
 poor Scholars ; which Character bearing 
 
 to
 
 O X F R *D H T R & 
 
 to his Grave ; he was much lamented 
 by all Lovers of Learning, and after his 
 Death, not only reputed, and reveren- 
 ced as a Saint, by the Vulgar, but King 
 Edward I. and this Univerfity follicited 
 Pope Clement V. that he might be cano- 
 nized, but all to no Purpofe ; for he was 
 too much a Saint, to be fainted at Rome, 
 being of that found Judgment in Mat- 
 ters of Do&rine, which the Pope calls 
 Herefy. After him Henry Lex'mton fuc- 
 ceeded in the See of Lincoln, a Perfon of 
 a clecr different Temper from Grofthead -. 
 He, immediately upon his Inauguration, 
 began to aflume a Jurifdiftion over the 
 Scholars to the great Difturbance of 
 the Univerfity, which, to obviate his 
 Encroachments, procured four Bulls 
 from Po^c Innocent IV. to confirm the 
 Students in all their Liberties, Immuni- 
 ties, and Cuftoms, which were formerly 
 granted them by many Kings, Bifliops, 
 Nobles, and other religious Perfons, 
 and protcfl: them in the Enjoyment of 
 the Came, againft any Potentates what- 
 foever; which being confirmed by Pope 
 Sixtus IV. quafhed this Bifliop's Attempts 
 for the prefent ; but after the Death of 
 thefe Popes, he began again to give the 
 Univerfity frcfh Troubles; forwhen Alex- 
 ander IV. was advanced to the apoftolick 
 See, he complained to him, that the 
 Scholars of Oxford refufed to yield Obe- 
 dience to the Authority, which he, and 
 his Prcdeceflors had ever been in Pof- 
 fcffion of, and fo far prevailed with the 
 Pope, that he by his Bull dated at 
 Naples ordered, that he fliould exercife 
 his Jurifdi&ion ox r er this Place; where- 
 upon this Bifhop vifited this Univerfity 
 and made an Inquifition into the Rights 
 of St. Gevrge's Church here, and did 
 many other Things, which were a ma- 
 nifelr Violation of the known Statutes 
 *nd Liberties of the Univerfity, recei- 
 ved and ufed for many p:.ft Ages. 
 Wherefore towards the End of the Year 
 1256, the Scholars chofe nine Artifts, 
 and fcnt them to the King, who was 
 then at St. Alhans, to complain of the 
 Injuries done them by the Bifhop, and 
 pray a timely Relief of their Misfor- 
 
 tunes from htm, who accordingly put 
 an End to this Controverfy, in a Con- 
 vocation held there in Lent, to the Su- 
 tisfa&ion of both Parties. 
 
 Anno 1264, About this Time the Stu- 
 dents upon fome Diftafte, or Difturbance 
 given them, fome of our Hiftorians fay, 
 by the Barons Wars ; but others fay, by 
 the King's Order, while he vent to S . 
 Frideftvide's Shrine to vifit if, which 
 Reafon is disapproved by others, who 
 fay, 'twas indeed done by the King's 
 Command, but was intended, as a Pu- 
 nifhment of the Citizens for frequently 
 infulting the Scholars, and imprifcmini; 
 fome of them, contrary to the Immuni- 
 ties granted them by the King's Royaf 
 Progenitors, (none of them certain, and 
 fcarcely probable) did all of them al- 
 moft, (fome few of them going to Salis- 
 bury} leave this Place and went to Nor- 
 thampton, where fome of them, who had 
 retired before, had founded certain 
 Schools, as we have above fhcwn in our 
 Hiftory of Northampton, to which wtf 
 mail refer our Reader. 
 
 When the monaftick Orders fpread ift 
 the World, through the foolifh Admi- 
 ration that Men had of Solitude, feveral 
 of them came into this Univerfity ; but 
 never with any Advantage to it. The 
 Chief of them were, i. The Cannefite 
 Friars, who infinuatcd themfclves fo 
 much into the good Opinion of fome of 
 the chief Inhabitants of this City, that 
 they not only got themfelves a Manfion 
 in Stdkewett- Street, and ere&ed their- 
 felves a Chapel for divine Service ; bi t 
 at length obtained the King's Palace 
 here, where they had two Schools, the 
 one for Divinity, and the other for Phi- 
 lofophy, and lived in great Wealth and 
 Pleafures. till their Dtflblution by Kir.g 
 Henry VIII. They bred many learned 
 Men among them. 2. Canons Regular 
 of St. Augttjliti, who being im powered by 
 Pope Innocent IV. to travel all the World 
 over, and get them Monafteries where 
 they could, came into England in 1:51^ 
 and having an Houfe provided for them 
 by Richard the Son of Gilbert de Clart^ 
 Earl of GA#- rfte r , fome of them were 
 K k i fcfi<
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 260 
 
 fent !>y him to hire an Houfe near the 
 pnblick Schools at Oxford, with a Defign 
 to lettle there, and retail out the Know- 
 ledge of Divinity and Philofophy to the 
 young Students. They were loon taken 
 !Notice of, and found a Benefactor, 
 -yjz> Sir John Handloiv Knt. who built 
 them an Inn, or Hall, together with a 
 Chapel, near the publick Schools, where 
 being fettled, they began- their Le&ures 
 in Philofophy and Divinity, and per- 
 forming them afrer the beft Manner, 
 enticed almoft all the Uniyerfity to hear 
 and attend their fcholaftick Exercife; 
 lo that they made a confiderable Figure 
 for their Learning. The Anft'tn Diipu- 
 tations, which are ftill in Ufe in this 
 Univerfity, every Wednefday and Satur- 
 day in full Term from one a Clock to 
 three in the Afternoon, under a Mafter 
 of the Schools, bearing the Name of a 
 Moderator ; and for his Trouble recei- 
 ving of the Univerfity ever fince King 
 Henry the fcventh's Time, thirteen Shil- 
 lings and four Pence, were taken from 
 them at firft. 
 
 But though Learning did for fome 
 Time flourim in this long Reign of King 
 Henry III. infomuch that Pope Alexander 
 IV. in his Letter to the Nobility, calls 
 it the pleafant Seat of the Afufes, and 
 Matthew Paris, the fecond School of the 
 Church ; yet at the latter End of this 
 Reign, Learning was at a low Ebb, and 
 the liberal Arts almoft expiring, as well 
 here as in other Nations, by Rcafon of 
 the many Errors got into the Verfions 
 of almoft all Books, whereby Sophiftry 
 had almoft over-fpread the whole Com- 
 monwealth of Letters. That which 
 contributed moft to it here, was to be 
 attributed partly to the Tumults among 
 the Scholars themfelves, and partly to 
 the Civil Wars between the King and 
 his Barons; but chiefly to the Avarice 
 and Luxury of the Scholars, and the 
 daily Increafe of the religious Orders, 
 who laboured fo far to introduce Novel- 
 tics in Point of 1-aith, that they depar- 
 ted from the Rules, and Santity of 
 rhcir F( unders, end became the very 
 Bane of Religion *nd Learning. 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward I. who 
 on his AccefTion to the Throne beftowed 
 on this Univerfity diverfe Liberties, and 
 Privileges, many Things happened as 
 well for, as againft the Intereft of this 
 Univerfity, which are worthy our No- 
 tice, i. Archbifhop Pecbkam holding an 
 Afiembly of Bimops at Reading in Eerk- 
 jlnre, at the Complaint of the Chancellor 
 of this Univerfity made a Decree, in 
 Favour of their Privileges, and for the, 
 Protc&ion of Scholars Goods, and con- 
 firmed the Sentence of Sufpenfion and 
 Excommunication pronounced by him 
 or his Commiflary againft delinquent 
 Scholars, and ratified the Sufpenfion of 
 fuch Clerks as difturbed the Peace of 
 the Univerfity, by which, and other 
 Evidences, he mewed himfelf no fmall 
 Patron of Learning, and a ftrenuous 
 Aflertor of Difcipline. 2. Oliver Sutton* 
 Bifhop of Lincoln, in the firft Year that 
 he came to that See, vifited Oxford; and 
 demanding an Account of the Aiions, 
 and Behaviour of the Proftors, and 
 Chancellors, received fuch an anfwer as 
 feemed to flight his Authority ; where- 
 upon he relblved to deprive the Univer- 
 fity (which was then fituated in his Di- 
 ocefe) of certain Ecclefiaftical Rights 
 then pra&ifed by the Chancellor ; but 
 as he thought belonging to his Courts,, 
 but bearing a good AffeHon to Learn- 
 ing, he became reconciled to the Chan- 
 cellor, and fo this Controverfy ended ; 
 but a worfc broke out foon after, which 
 grew to that Height, that the Arch- 
 bifliop Peckbam was forced to intcrpofe 
 his Authority, and his Prayers, to keep 
 the Peace between them, by writing to 
 the Univerfity to yield Reverence to 
 the Bifnop, as their Diocefan, and 
 to the Bifliop, to moderate his Claim 
 of Right, and abftain from future. 
 Grievances. 
 
 The State of Learning was fo much" 
 corrupted by rhe Sophiftry of the 
 Schools, and the new and fubtile Opini- 
 ons of the Mendicant Friars, who were 
 always ftudying to fliake the Founda- 
 tions of Divinity, and found Philofo- 
 phy, that as Archbifhop Kilwarly, Anna.
 
 XFO RT> S H I R E. 
 
 261 
 
 12," 6", had endeavoured to corrc& them 
 by a fevere Sentence, which proved in- 
 eflfe&ual ; fo Archbifhop Peckham, in his 
 Vifitation of Ofney Abbey, refolved to 
 try another Way of Cure, in his Speech 
 full of Advice to the Convocation of 
 Matters, reproving their Ignorance, and 
 Stubbornefs, whereby they had .propa- 
 gated, and defended Errors very un- 
 worthy of the Univerfity, and fupport- 
 ed by no Arguments, yetftill adhered to, 
 as if they were invented for Contention 
 fake only ; wherefore by his Decree, he 
 condemned the fame to perpetual Si- 
 lence. But fcarcc were thefc Things 
 done, but a "Dominican Dok>r, one Ri- 
 chard Clapwell not only openly refifted 
 the Archbifhop's Cenfure,, but dilperlcd 
 eighty new heterodox Opinions among 
 the People; and when the Archbifhop 
 fummoned him to anfwer his Charge 
 againft him for them, he refufed to ap- 
 pear ; whereupon the Archbifhop in his 
 Synod had them read, and condemned as 
 heretical, excommunicating the Authors, 
 and Abbettors .of them ; but Hugh de 
 Mancbefter the Provincial of that Order 
 appealed to the Court of Rome, becaufe 
 he aflcrted, that none but the Pope had 
 Potver over his Order, and fo pro:ra&ed 
 the Execution of the Sentence, yet at 
 laft the Archbifhop in the Convocation 
 at Loneifn, condemned, eight of the Pro- 
 pofitions, as impious and heretical, and 
 forbad all Perfons to make any Mention 
 of them, or defend them in the fchola- 
 ftick Difputations. 
 
 Pope Boniface in Friendfliip to this 
 Univcrfity, Anno 1501, did -about this 
 Time grant by his Bull, that all the 
 Royal Charters giv<3n them by his An- 
 ceftors, to exempt them from the Power 
 ef the Archbifhops, and Bifhops, and all 
 ordinary Jurifdi&ion fhould be ratified, 
 and confirmed to them. -This Pope allo 
 not only granted Leave for reading the 
 Decretals here; but at the fame Time re- 
 leaicd the Students from a Royal Tax, 
 and exempted the Clergy from paying 
 Tenths, and fifteenths. 
 
 The Scholars .being now in Diitrefs for 
 want of Halls, and Inns, which the Ci- 
 tizens had got into their Pofleflion, and 
 
 refufed to yield them up to thcjn con- 
 trary to fome ancient Statutes, by which 
 they were forbid letting the Houfes 
 ufed by the Scholars to any other ufe, 
 provided they paid their Rents duly, 
 complained to the King of it, who by 
 Writ commanded the Townfmen to quit 
 their PolTeflion of the Scholars Inns, 
 and faw his Orders executed with great 
 Srriftnefs, that the Scotch Gentry, and 
 Nobility might have Room for their E- 
 ducation here, and not go into foreign. 
 Parts for it, where they were in Danger 
 of being poifoned with State-Innova- 
 tions. 
 
 But notwithftanding this Prince was 
 not only a Benefa&or to this Univerfity, 
 but a Defender and Maintainer of its 
 Privileges, yet it cannot be faid, thac 
 the Univerfity thrived in his Time ; and 
 the Catife of it was then thought to 
 proceed from papal Provifions, whereby 
 the richeft Benefices were by the Pope's 
 Authority, long before they fell, given 
 to the Pope's Creatures, Strangers, and 
 Foreigners, which was a great Difcou- 
 ragement to the native Engl/jl) to bring 
 up their Children Scholars. The King 
 grew fenfible of this Inconvenience, 
 and out of a pious Care for Religion, 
 and Learning, applied himfelf to Pope 
 Clement V. for a fpeedy Remedy ; but 
 tis probable, that Pope would not let go 
 fb great a Privilege, and therefore ei- 
 ther gave no Anfwer at all, or pleaded a 
 Right, bccaufc we find that Etkvxrd to 
 prevent the entire Diminution- of Stu- 
 dents in his Univerfities, and the utter 
 Decay of Learning, caufed feveral Sta- 
 tutes of Provifors to be made againft 
 thofe ill Praotifes of the Pope ; and the 
 Nation foon found the Benefit of them, 
 by the great Multiplication of the Stu- 
 dents. 
 
 King EJtvard II. who flicceeded his 
 Father in 1 308, went in his Father's- 
 Steps, and to demonftratc his early Care 
 of the Univerfity granted, during his. 
 Plcafure, that it fhould be lawful for the 
 Chancellor to convene any Citizen be- 
 fore him, that fhould in any wife Tref- 
 pafs upon the Privileges of the Univer- 
 
 vV and at the fume Time fent his 
 
 Writ
 
 O X FO R ( D S HIRE. 
 
 A\ i it to the Sheritt, Mayor, and Bailiffs, 
 ftrictly 'commanding them ro aflift the 
 (' iMni-cilnr in the Execution of his Ol- 
 iicc, anH >;o Ways infringe the Grants 
 f lm PreJecoTor*; to the Scholars. Nor 
 did he ever aficr withdraw his Favour, 
 but as oft a* he hati Occahon Shewed his 
 Dcdre of upholding this Univerfity ; 
 and particularly Anno 1315, difcovercd 
 his Atfe&ion to it in an eminent Man- 
 i er, by -confirming all the Immunities, 
 and Privileges, given and ratified to it, 
 by his Grandfather King Henry III. as 
 frfiy His Charter beibrememioned. a. 
 His Grant about the Taxation of Scho- 
 lars Houles. 3. His Grant to exempt all 
 Clerks, and Scholars of Oxford, from 
 being on Law- Juries, although they be 
 in Pofleflion of Lay-Fees. 4. His Grant 
 unto it of Jne 18, wherein he con finn- 
 ed the Privileges granted at Woodfiock^ 
 about any Injuries done to the Scholars 
 by the Townfmen, either by Force of 
 Arms, or in buying and Jelling by Brew- 
 ers, Bakers, Vintners, &c. Nor did the 
 King's Friendship, and Kindnefs to this 
 University ftop here ; for, on Notice 
 given him of certain Malefaftors, lurk- 
 ing in and about the City and Suburbs 
 thereof, with a Defign to corrupt the 
 Scholars, and difturb the Peace of the 
 Univerfity, he ftraitway difpatched a 
 Writ to the Mayor and Bailiffs, to fei7,e, 
 and arreft the faid Perfons with all Di- 
 ligence, and expel them the City. 
 
 A Controvcrfy, in this King's Reign, 
 happened between the Univerfity, and 
 preaching Friars, about this Time, he- 
 cm; fe the Friars refuted to undergo any 
 other Examination in obtaining their 
 Degrees, than that of their own Order ; 
 which the Univerfity alledging to be 
 contrary to their Statutes, would hot 
 allow, and fo denied them their De- 
 grees. This Difference at firft went no 
 further than the Archbifliop, who deter- 
 mined it thus, That the Friars might 
 have Le&ures, and Difputations in 
 their own Houfe, but muft in all 
 Things be conformable to the Laws and 
 Cuftoms of the Univerfity ; but the Fri- 
 ars were not contented with this Arbitra- 
 tion, but having insinuated them (elves 
 
 into the King's, and many Noblemcns 
 Favour, appealed to the Court of Rome, 
 and obtained' Letters from the King to 
 the Pope, .and Archbrfhop Reynolds to 
 the Cardinal of'Gfiia in their Behalf, 
 praying that the Pope would fo adjuft 
 the Matters between them, that the 
 Friars may have no Reafon to complain; 
 and at the fame Time blaming the Uni- 
 
 * " /* 
 
 verhty for their Injnftice in keeping 
 them from their Degrees. With theie 
 Letters, the King lent alfo Letters to 
 the Univerfity to the fame Effeft, but 
 to little Purpofe ; for the Students 
 knowing thejufticeof their Caufe, refol- 
 ve<i not to part with their Rights,andPrivi- 
 leges upon any Terms, which being fullf 
 reprefented to the King, he the next 
 Year gave them his Letter to the Pope, 
 intreating him to vouchfafe an Hearing 
 to the Maftcrs, and Scholars in this Af- 
 fair, being as de/irous to uphold the 
 Constitutions of the Univerfity, as fa- 
 vour the Friars, But while this was 
 doing, the Friars had obtained fome new 
 Privileges from the Pope, whereby they 
 pretended an Exemption from the Chan- 
 cellor's Jurifdi&ion, with which they 
 were fo tranfported, that they began to 
 be very infolent to the Scholars, and 
 contemn the Power, and Laws of the 
 Univerfity. The Chancellor, and Heads 
 of the Univerfity, could not but take 
 Notice of thefe Things, and reprefented 
 them to the King, who ordered imme- 
 diately by his VVrit, that thcfe Malig- 
 nants fhould be punished according to 
 their Deferts, notwithftanding their 
 Pretences to the Pope's Bull, if they 
 would not fubmit to the Chancellor s 
 Power, in the Cognizance of all Crimes 
 committed within the Precinfts of the 
 Univerfity. They alfo aSTumed a Power 
 of granting Abfolution in the Univer- 
 fity, which being complained of to the 
 Archbimop of Lincoln, he font his 
 Letters to the Archdeacon's Official, to 
 be published in all the Churches in and 
 near Oxford^ forbidding all Perfons to 
 acknowledge any of thefe Friars as 
 their Paftors, under the Pain of Excom- 
 munication. 
 
 "U. 7-j 'iJi.
 
 XF R 7J SHIRK: 
 
 Armo 1518, Pope Clement V. having in 
 the Synod of Vienna, in France, fome 
 Years before, can fed a Canon to he 
 made for the cftablifhing Leftures in 
 Paris, Eonsnla, and other foreign Parrs, 
 and therein mentioned Oxford, it was 
 this Year published in this Univerfity, 
 and accordingly Leftures provided for 
 the Teaching the Hebrew, Cbaldee, Ara- 
 bick, and Greek Languages, for the bet- 
 ter Underftanding of the Scriptures. 
 One John dt Brifal, a converted J-ew, 
 was one of thefe Leturers, and for 
 many Years together read the Hebrew 
 Tongue to the Scholars with great Ap- 
 plaule, and had a Stipend fettled on him 
 by Walter Reynolds Archbimop of Canter- 
 bury, by a Tax of one Half-penny a 
 Mark, from every ecclefiaftical Bene- 
 fice throughout the Province. This 
 Money was collected at the Beginning of 
 every Lent, and lodged with the Prior 
 of the Holy Trinity in Lendon, in Order 
 to be delivered to this Lefturer at feve- 
 ral Payments ; but as to the other Lec- 
 rures, we do not find, that they were 
 ever eftabli/hcd here. 
 
 King Edward Ilf. -who upon the De- 
 pofition of his Father King Edward II. 
 fticcecded to his Throne, having had 
 his Education in this Univerfity, under 
 the Tuition of Walter 'Barley, retained 
 fuch a grateful Senfe of ir, that he 
 
 f ranted fo many Privileges to it, as to 
 eferve to be preferred before all his 
 Predeceflbrs, for his Benefactions. To 
 particularise in all of them would be 
 tedious, and to omit fome would be un- 
 juft, wherefore we fliall mention fome 
 of the moft remarkable, viz- I. He 
 confirmed all the ancient Charters of 
 his Predeceflbrs by Way of ' Itifpeximus, 
 and ratified all the Grants of King Henry 
 III. 2. He alfo confirmed an Agreement 
 the Scholars, and Townfmcn, made by 
 the Authority of his Grandfather King 
 lid-ward I. ordering by his. Letters Pa- 
 rents, the Mayor and Bailiffs of Oxford, 
 to protect the Chancellor, and Scholars, 
 their Goods, and Servants, agajnft all 
 Injuries, and Violences whatfoever. 3. 
 He alfo fcnt another Writ to the. Chan- 
 
 cellor to continue in Force for three 
 Years, by which he allowed him toarrett 
 Perfons excommunicated, after the Alan- 
 ner as had been praftifed and ufcd on 
 the Signification, and Denunciation of 
 Brlhops, which Writ was fent at the" 
 Petition of Robert Stratford Bifiiop of 
 Cbichejter, who was then Chancellor 
 of the Univerfity of Oxford. Lajlly, 
 The King being defirous to prt fervc the 
 Scholars Health, ordered a publick Pro- 
 clamation to be' made agair;M the Butch- 
 ers killing of Cattle within the Wails of 
 Oxford, on a Complaint that many Oxc-' > 
 Sheep, &c. were daily killed within the> 
 fame, to the great Nufance of the Ci.i- 
 7ns; as alfo againft the laying of Dirt* 
 Filth, Dung, or any other nanfcous Ex- 
 crements in the Streets, or Lanes of the 
 City, whereby the Air had formerly be- 
 come fo Jnfefted, that many of the No- 
 bility declined going thither, and ther 
 Scholars, and Townfmcn coatra&ed DiT- 
 eafes thereby, of which many of them 
 diedi bat this laft Order was HOC obey- 
 ed, becaufe it was alledgr-d, tlvat thet 
 Butchers had from Times immemorial, 
 a Place affigned them for killing; Beafts, 
 for which they paid an annual Rent to- 
 the King, and could not be outcd of ir r 
 without a Prejudice to the faid Farm. 
 This being reprefented to the King had 
 no Effeft, but rather difpleafing him,. 
 he iflued out a Writ to the Chancellor, 
 and Warden of Merton College, corn-* 
 manding them to fee all Nufances re- 
 moved/ and punifh all perfons, that did 
 controvene his Royal Orders, by Fine, 
 or otherwife, according to the Nature 
 of the Offence; but norwitbftunding this,, 
 the Butchers would not fubmit to thefe 
 Orders, till they were forced to remove 
 into a Street now called Staying Lane; 
 becaufe Difeafes increalcd fo much in 
 the City, that the Scholars bet! an to dif- 
 pcrfe themfelves into the Country. Be- 
 fides thefe Things, the King alfo iiTiied- 
 out a Commiflion for paving the Streers 
 of the City, and ordered that Wine 
 mould not be fold dearer in Oxford', than- 
 London, above an Half- penny a Quart, 
 at th Re^neft o bis privy Council. 
 
 "Abou:
 
 XF ORT>SHIRE. 
 
 About the Year 1331, there happened 
 iiich Broils, and Animofities among the 
 Scholars of this Univerfity, that a great 
 Part of them left the Colleges, and 
 removed to Stamford in Lincolvfrire. 
 Cambden, and Twyr.c, afcribe this Recefs 
 to the Fate of the Northern Scholars, 
 who being fubducd by the Southern, 
 vent to Stamford and ftudied there. 
 Neither of thele Opinions receive any 
 Support from the Univerfity Records ; 
 yet that there were fome Feuds here about 
 that Time, fccm not improbable, from 
 a Complaint of the Church of Durham 
 made againft Merton College, for refufing 
 to chule Northern Scholars into their 
 Fcllowfhips, though they had a Parity 
 of Right with the Southern Men. But 
 others fay, the Differences arofe from 
 fome Statutes lately introduced about 
 Servants, Workmen, Qfc. Whatever the 
 Caufe was, the Contentions rofe to fuch 
 an Height, that the King, having No- 
 tice thereof, fent Commiffioncrs to Ox- 
 ford, to make an End of them, direct- 
 ing at the lame Time his Writ to the 
 Chancellor, Proors, Matters, and 
 Scholars, and therein commanding them 
 to fubmit to their Sentence, whatever 
 it fhould be, as they did accordingly, 
 and fo thefe Difturbances ceafed for the 
 prefent ; but again reviving, the Stu- 
 dents thought it in vain to ftay, where 
 they could not live in quiet, and fo 
 retreated to Stamford, as is above faid. 
 The Scholars being thus fettled at Stam- 
 ford, continued there fevcral Months, 
 difputing, and reading Le&urcs to the 
 Youth, who came to them out of the 
 neighbouring Villages. Thefe Proceed- 
 ings much difturbed the Citizens of Ox- 
 ford, as well as the learned Men, who 
 were Lovers of the Univerfity, leaft 
 this ancient Fountain of Learning fhould 
 be dried up, and the Mufcs get them a 
 new Seat ; and therefore they bclbught 
 the K^ing to abolifh, and annul this new 
 School, or Seminary, by obliging the 
 Students fettled there to return to their 
 Habitation, the Univerfity of Oxford. 
 The King readily complied with their 
 Petition, and fcrthwith by his Writ or- 
 
 ordered the Mayor, and Bailiffs, of Ox- 
 ford, by their Cryer, to make Procla- 
 mation, That it was his Royal Wifl, 
 and Pleafure, That all Matters, and 
 Scholars, doing fcholaftick Exercifes at 
 Stamford, fhould return to Oxford, under 
 Pain of the Forfeiture of all their 
 Goods ; for he would not fuffer any 
 Univcrfities to be in his Kingdom, but 
 what were already fettled, ordering the 
 Sheriff of Lincoln fiire, to publifh this his 
 Pleafure through his County. 
 
 But the King had not that Obedience 
 paid to his Writ, which he expe&ed ; 
 Tome Scholars ftill ftaid at Stamford^ 
 and though the Sheriff of Lincchipire, 
 according to fhe King's Command, did 
 confifcate the Goods of the Scholars 
 that did not return to Oxford at the 
 Time prefixed ; yet ftill fome remained 
 almoft a Year after, ftudying the liberal 
 Arts, and inftru&ing their Auditors in 
 them. The Oxford Scholars highly re- 
 fented this obftinacy, and fearing their 
 Numbers would increafe, (as certainly 
 they would) if a timely Remedy were not 
 applied, renewed their Complaints to 
 the King, who wrote to William Truffel 
 the Sheriff of Lmcofafiire, to extirpate 
 the faid Scholars utterly, and not to 
 leave the Town till they were all gone, 
 which they accordingly did ; but they 
 were no fooner gone, but the Townfmen 
 allured them back again, and they kept 
 up their old Difcipline for feveral 
 Months, which fo provoked the King 
 that he caufed forty of them to be taken 
 up, and punifhed with Lois of Goods, 
 and Imprifonment ; and to prevent the 
 like future Recels, caufed a Statute to 
 be made, obliging every Candidate for 
 a Degree, to fwear never to read, nor 
 hear "a Reader at Stamford as a Univer- 
 fity, which did effectually put an End 
 to the academical Schools, and Studies 
 there. 
 
 But long before this Interdict of King 
 Edward III. this Place, viz.* Stamford, 
 had the Reputation of a general Study, 
 or Univerfity. Mr. Wheatley, (as he tells 
 in lib. de difcifl. Sclnl.} read a-s a Regent 
 there for twenty-five Years,bcf ore this jErvi, 
 
 and
 
 XFO R ) SHIR E. 
 
 and proves that it was an Academical, 
 and not a Grammar School, as well 
 from his Philofophical Difcourfes, as 
 from Degrees, Inceptor/hips, and a&ual 
 Regencies therein mentioned. As to 
 the Rife thereof, the moft probable Ac- 
 count of the Foundation is faid to be 
 
 In the Year 1343, there happened 
 Difpufes among the Logicians of this 
 Univerfity, who divided them (elves into 
 two Sefts, or Parties, </?:. Nominal*, and 
 Reals. Oakham was the Founder of the 
 firft, and Duns Scotus the Patron of the 
 fecond. This Diverfity of Opinions be- 
 
 laid by Robert Lutterel, a Student at Ox- gan firft between two Fellows of Mtrton 
 ford, and then Re&or of Greenham in College, and foon fpreading it felf 
 the Diocefe of Lincoln, who gave to the throughout the whole Univerfiry, kind- 
 Priory of Sempringham, his Manor of led new Diyifions between the Northern 
 St. Peter's Parifh at Stamford^ to enlarge Men, who adhered to the Realifls, and 
 the Convent, for the Education of Di- Southern Men, who were Nominalijls. 
 vines and Philofophers, and for the Qckham fliewed himfelf a mighty Cham- 
 Celebration of divine Service in St. pion in thefe Difputes, for joyning with 
 Mary's Chapel, within that his Manor, Lews of Bavaria, he engaged the Pope 
 by a fecular, or regular Chaplain; and himfelf, in aflerting the Jurifdition 
 from this Gift, which the Bimop of of the Civil Power over that of the 
 Lincoln, John Delderby, for ever confirm- Church, and fo well maintained his Ar- 
 ed, this School had its Beginning, for guments againft all his Antagonifts, that 
 the Northern Men at Oxford presently his Holinefs, (who gave him no Thanks 
 reforted to it, not only on the Account for his Pains) gave him a fine Title, 
 Men 
 
 of fome eminent Men in it, but for the 
 Sake of its Nearnefs to their own Coun- 
 try. However King Edward's Interdict 
 quite deftroyed it, and from thence 
 forward the Inns, and Halls, there built 
 for the Students, fell to Decay, and have 
 long had nothing to fupport their Me- 
 mory, but Tradition, and common 
 Fame ; which tells us, that befides the 
 Convent of Sempritrgham, which was the 
 head School, there was another Inn 
 called, i. Black Half, fituare over a- 
 gainft All-fallows Church, the Kitchin of 
 which, was lately {landing as a Monu- 
 ment of great Antiquity. 2. The Old 
 Swan in St. Mary's Street, now a viftual- 
 ing Houfe, and anciently a Scholars 
 Inn, as is thonsht. 3. Brazen-nofe HaM, 
 
 The invincible Doffor ', as he did alfo Duns 
 Scotus, The fubtile Doftor. The Univer- 
 fity being thus divided, frequent Skir- 
 mifhes happened thereupon, especially 
 in the Choice of a Chancellor, fome 
 elc&ing a Northern, and others a Sou- 
 thern Man ; fo that feveral Statute?, 
 and Ordinances were made to regulate 
 the Diforders, which hardly could re- 
 form them. 
 
 Thefe Troubles were fuccecded, in 
 the Year 1 349, with an Epidemical Sick- 
 nefs, which fwept away great Numbers 
 of Scholars, and perfued many of thofc, 
 who fled into the Country to efcape it. 
 Few of thofe who remained in the Col- 
 leges furvived it. The Schools were fhut 
 up, and fcarce any remained in the Col- 
 
 fb called from a Brazen-head fixed on leges an d Halls, but fuch, as were fick, 
 
 the Gate, with a Ring through its Nofe. or dead, which were fb many, thac 
 
 4. An Houfe in St. George's Parifh, ad- there were fcarce enough left, able to 
 
 joing to -the Parfonage Houfe, fuppofed bury the Dead, there being in ore Day 
 
 to have been once a College, with fome fixteen buried in the fome Church-yard, 
 
 others. This Account of Stamford might 'The Senfe of God's Judgments in lend- 
 
 have been more proper in Lincolnfoire, ing tirs Peftilence, induced Tfa mas Hat- 
 
 but we had not then the good Luck to field to build Durham College. As to th 
 
 meet with it. Upon the Scholars Re- Scholars that furvived this raging Malfc- 
 
 turn from Stamford to Oxford, the Streets 
 of the City were new paved by the 
 King's Order, 
 
 dy, they were reduced to fo iYnall a 
 "Number, that there were not enougli 
 left to ferve the Cures of Souls in . 
 L )
 
 166 
 
 XFO R > SHIR E. 
 
 land, and ihftruQ: the Youth in humane 
 Learning. This Plague firft broke out 
 among the Jews, and Turks, and diffu- 
 fing it felf to the Syrians, and Saracens, 
 inhabiting Palefline, made fo great an 
 Havock, that many of them turned 
 Chriftians, becaufe they obferved the 
 Chriftians in a Manner exempted from 
 it ; few of them being infe&ed, and few 
 dying. From the Eaft it came into Italy, 
 Spain, &c. and at length it fpread into 
 'England, where it began in Dorfetjbire, 
 and pafled to this and other Shires* 
 and fo to London, and then through the 
 whole Nation ; cutting of almoft every 
 where, above a tenth Part of the Inha- 
 bitants. The Oxford Aftronomers are 
 laid to have foretold this Difeafe, fome 
 Years before it happened, from a Total 
 Eclipfe of the Moon, &>c. in 1345- 
 
 The Univerfity being almoft defti- 
 tiue of Students, through the Ha- 
 Tcck made among them by the late 
 Plague, a fourth Part fcarce furviving 
 it, it became for a while as little fa- 
 mous for Learning, which brought a. 
 Contempt upon both, infomuch, that 
 the Townfmen made their Advantage, 
 and got into their Halls, and fo many, 
 as were Tenants to the Colleges, detain- 
 ed their Rents, fo that the Scholars 
 made little of them ; but it was not long 
 brfore the Scholars began to multiply, 
 after the Plague was removed ; and fur- 
 ther to incourage their Incrcafc, the 
 King confirmed many of the Privileges, 
 and Immunities of the Univerfity, and 
 in particular ordered, that the Chancel- 
 lor /hould have the Confervation of all 
 the Rights of the fame, and a Power to 
 execute the Laws thereof, any wife 
 tending to the Benefit of the Univerfity; 
 and be authorized to hear, and deter- 
 mine the Caufes of Delinquents, and 
 banifli them, if they were thought to 
 defcrve it. The Mayor, and Bailiffs 
 much oppofed this Grant, and at length 
 by the Subtilty, and Intereft of one of 
 them, named John Beraford, got it re- 
 verfed, and the Government of the 
 City entirely into their Hands, which 
 ti>cy managed with fo much Severity, 
 
 and Prejudice to the Scholars, as begat 
 that Quarrel upon St. Scholajlica's Day, 
 which caufed the Lofs of fo many Lives ; 
 and was very hardly reconciled, upon 
 Condition the Citizens fhould pay an 
 Hundred Marks for the Damages done 
 the Scholars, and annually offer fixty 
 Pence at the Altar of St. Mary's, as a 
 perpetual Acknowledgment of their 
 Offence ; which is ftill continued, and 
 forty Pence of it distributed to fome 
 poor Scholars, and the other twenty 
 Pence left for the Curate of St. Mary's. 
 
 We mall not further meddle with the 
 Differences in this Univerfity, between 
 the Auftin Friars, and Frandfcans, a Car- 
 melite Friar, and the Do&ors, and Batch- 
 elars of the Civil, and Canon Law; but 
 proceed to the Reign of King Richard II. 
 in which we meet with the firft Appear- 
 ance of John WicUiff, or Wycleve, D. D. 
 and Warden of Canterbury College, who 
 by his publick Preaching, and Difputa- 
 tions openly, oppofed the Errors, and 
 Superftitions of the Roman Church ; and 
 foort got him many Followers, who by 
 Writing, and Difputations defended his 
 Perfon and Do&rines. 'Twas not long 
 before this Change, in fo famous an 
 Univerfity, was carried to Rome, to the 
 great Disturbance of Pope Gregory XI. 
 who as if he had felt his Chair under 
 him to. totter, prefently fent his Bull 
 into England, firft to the Univerfity, 
 feverely reproving the Chancellor's Nog- 
 led in futtering Herefy, (as he called 
 Wickliff's Doftrines) to diffufe it felf 
 among their Body. And withal, he fent 
 his Letters to the Archbifliop of Canter- 
 bury, and Bifliop of London, letting forth 
 fome of the Heads of fVicbliff's Doc- 
 trines, and commanding them to Arreft 
 him, and put him in Prifon ; which 
 though they djd not execute for the 
 prefcnt, yet the Univerfity thought fir, 
 in Obedience to the papal Rcicript, to 
 condemn his Opinions as favouring of 
 heretical Pravity, which was all that 
 was done againft them at the prefent. 
 
 King Richard feems not much concern- 
 ed at thefe TranfaHons ; but having a 
 particular Regard to the Good of this 
 
 Univerfity
 
 XF R T> SHIR E. 
 
 267 
 
 Univerfi'ty in general, he by a remark- 
 able Charter called Infpeximus, confirmed 
 to it all the Privileges, tHat had been 
 granted to it by his Predeceflbrs ; and 
 remitting a Subfidy, which King Ed- 
 ward III. had impofcd upon every Clerk 
 commorant therein, without a Benefice, 
 prefented the Univerfity with a Sum of 
 Money, in Return of the faid Subfidy. 
 And moreover , that the Univerfity 
 might fully enjoy its Liberties, this King 
 commanded all his Judges, Sheriffs, and 
 other Officers of Juftice, to futfer the 
 Chancellor to ufe, and put in Practice, 
 all the Privileges given by his Royal 
 Progenitors ; and that nothing might be 
 wanting to compleat the Happinefs of it, 
 he reconciled all Differences among the 
 Scholars themfelves, and Townfmen, 
 and fo made a perfect Peace. 
 
 Anno 1381, John Wickliff ftill continu- 
 ing to propagate his Doctrines, even in 
 his Doctor's Chair, found many Oppo- 
 nents; but that did not at all difcourage 
 him, but hoping, that thereby the 
 Truth would more evidently appear, he 
 this Summer published fixteen Conclu- 
 fions, as held by him, which he would 
 maintain ; the Chief of which was this, 
 
 That the Bread, which is fet vifibly 
 upon the Altar at the Celebration 
 oc the Holy Sacrament of the 
 Lord's Supper, after Confccration, 
 is neither Chrift, nor any Part of 
 him,, but only an efficacious Sign 
 of his Perfon, and Prefence. 
 
 On this Aflertion, with the reft, he 
 offered to difpute publickly ; but fince 
 moft of the Heads, and chief Doctors 
 of the Univerfity were againft it, he 
 took ether Methods to propagate his 
 Opinions; and among other Things, 
 thus explained the Prefence of Chrift s 
 Body in the Sacrament, " The 
 *' Body of Chrift may be underftood 
 *' dimenfionally, definitively, or virtu- 
 44 ally, its Prefence in the Sacrament 
 ' .is impoffible the two firft Ways, but 
 41 the laft is true ; and in this Senfe he 
 4< held that Chrift's Body was .prefen; 
 
 in the Sacrament, and this Doctrine he 
 taught publickly in the Schools, with 
 this Defign only, (as he declared) viz 
 " To wean the Church from that Idola- 
 " try, which had been practifed many 
 " Ages, in the Adoration of the Ele- 
 " ments." But though many of the 
 chief Men in this Univerfity favoured 
 Wickliff 's Opinions; yet becaufe they 
 were difapproved by the Nobles, and 
 great Men, who upon that Account caft 
 ignominious Reflections upon the Uni- 
 verfity, his Doctrines were condemned 
 by William Burton the Chaccllor, by the 
 Confent, and Advice of the Doctors of 
 Divinity, and Canon Law, with an In- 
 junction, that no Perfon fliould prcfume 
 to hold, teach, or defend, either in the 
 publick Schools, or elfewherc, any of 
 them, under the Pain of Imprifonment, 
 and Sufpenfion from all fcholaftick Ex- 
 ercifes ; which Sentence was fubfcribed 
 by twelve Doctors, and Monks ; and 
 being published firft in the Schools of 
 the Arts, and then in the Aujlin, where 
 Wickliff was then reading, and explain- 
 ing his Doctrine, he was ib provoked 
 by the Condemnation of it, that he 
 cried out aloud, That neither the Chan- 
 ceJlor, nor any of his Complices, ceuld confute 
 bis Opinion, and appealed to King Richard : 
 but the Duke of Lancafler not thinking 
 it proper, advifed him to fubmit to the- 
 Judgment of his Ordinary, the Bifliop 
 of Lincoln, by whom he was induced to 
 recant his Doctrines, but he did not 
 forfake the Truth, notwithftanding his 
 Frailty, and others Advice, had pre- 
 vailed with him to his Difgrace ; but 
 his Doctrine fpread its felf all over the 
 Univerfity, infomuch, that the Friars 
 gave it out, that the Univerfity was 
 ruined, though impartial and wife Men, 
 looked upon his Doctrine as a Reftora- 
 tion of Religion, or at leaft the Way 
 leading to it. 
 
 The next Year was almoft entirely 
 fpent in furious Contefts, between Ro~ 
 man Academicks, and fVlcklff's Follow- 
 ers ; of thefe laft the Chief were Nicho- 
 las Hereford, a Matter in Divinity, wh* 
 aflerted, that Simon Sutyttry, Archbifliop 
 L 1 a of
 
 XFO R <D SHIR E. 
 
 of Canterbury, was defervedly flain, be- 
 canfc he treated Wickliff fo ill for his 
 Do&rine, which was nothing but Truth, 
 and had no Falfhood in it ; Philip Reping- 
 don, Prebendary of Leicefter, who ia his 
 firft Reading for his Do&or's Degree, 
 commended Wickliff and his Doctrine, 
 which as to all moral Points, he decla- 
 red he would defend; but would be 
 filent, till God fhould enlighten the 
 Minds of the Clergy in the true Nature 
 of the Sacrament ; and William James, 
 John AJlon, and "Laurence Redeman. The 
 chief Enemy, and Oppofer of their 
 Dotrines was Peter Stokes, a Carmelite 
 Do&or, who not only endeavoured to 
 confute them himfelf, but employed 
 certain Notaries to be prefent at their 
 Sermons, and Lc&urcs, to obferve and 
 *ollet their Doftrines which they deli- 
 vered in their Sermons and Le&urcs, 
 contrary to thofe publickly profeflcd; 
 that he might complain to the Archbi- 
 Ihop of the Teachers of them, and pro- 
 eure their Condemnation. The Arch- 
 iifiiop readily undertook the Bufinefs, 
 and having lummoned the Chancellor, 
 a.nd Pro&ors before him, cenfured 
 them for favouring Wickliff, and his Fol- 
 lowers, becaufe they did not filcnce 
 fopingdcn, and WickKff; but ^they, by 
 tumbling themfelves for their Faults, 
 were pardoned ; but fuch, as openly fa- 
 voured Wickliff's Do&rines, were for- 
 bidden to preach, and fufpended from 
 all publick A&s, till thev fhould clear 
 ihenafclves of Herefy before the Arch- 
 fcifhop; but thefe Orders not being fol- 
 lowed by the Chancellor, Application 
 was made to the King and Council, 
 who having leverely chid the Chancel- 
 lor, and Prolors, commanded them 
 with the Aflirtance of the Regents, to 
 make a ftrift Search through all theUni- 
 Terfity, to find out all fuch Perfons as 
 were fufpc&ed of Herefy, or held fuch 
 Opinions as were lately condemned by 
 Jiie Archbifhop of Canterbury, or were 
 Favourers, or Entertainers of fuch Per- 
 , and baniih them the Univerfity 
 within feven Days, and not fuffer them 
 u> return^ till they lu\d ckared theiu- 
 
 felves before the Archbifhop ; and if 
 they found any of Wickliff's, or Here- 
 ford's Books, to fend them within a 
 Month, entire to the Archbifhop. The 
 Wicklffifts being thus vexed on every 
 Side, were brought many of them to a 
 Recantation, and fo their Do&rines 
 feemcd to be buried for a Time ; but 
 could never be extinguished, either by 
 Sword, or Fire. 
 
 Anno 1384, This Year John Wicklijf, 
 who may be called our firft Reformer, 
 died ; which though it happened at his 
 Living at Ltttterwortfi in Leicefterfilre, yet 
 he having been fo eminent in this Uni- 
 verfity, and not only lived long in it in 
 Perfbn, but ever after furvivcd there 
 in his Do&rine ; We hope it will not be 
 thought impertinent to fpeak a little of 
 him here. He was a Perfon of pro- 
 found, and uncommon Learning, as not 
 only the Teftimony of his Enemies, 
 Wydefard) and Waldenfis may credibly in- 
 form us> but his Writings, viz, his Tri- 
 alogium, and others, will put beyond 
 Contradi&ion; for therein he fhews 
 himfelf, both a great Philofbpher and 
 Divine. But he was not fo admirable 
 for his Learning, as Uprightneft in hia 
 Love, and Regard to Truth ; for all the 
 the Temptations of Power, Honour, 
 and Riches, which were offered him,, 
 could not divert him from his Purpofe oF 
 purifying the Church, from the Drofs 
 of many Romijh Errors, and Superfti- 
 tions ; and herein he might have had 
 better Succefs, if he had been conten- 
 ted to have attacked the Fopperies oF 
 the Church of Rome in their Worfhip, 
 and not meddled with their Do&rines, 
 and the fcandalous Lives of their Clergy, 
 both Religious and Secular ; which cre- 
 ated fuch an implacable Hatred to him, 
 both living and dead, that Archbifhop 
 Arundel fome few Years after his Deathy 
 excommunicated him ; and after he 
 had refted in his Grave forty Years, 
 Richard Flemming Bifhop of Lincoln, cau- 
 fed his Body to be dug up, and caft into- 
 the River running by Lutterwortb. 
 
 About three Years after this the Reli- 
 gious Students,, in the Univerfity,. com- 
 plained
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 169 
 
 plained to the King, of certain Grie- 
 vances inflicted on them, and in parti- 
 cular, that though they had done the 
 neceffary Excrciies for a Batchelor's, or 
 Do&or's Degree in Divinity, they were 
 yet denied the fame by the Seculars ; 
 becaufe they had not been Regents in 
 Arts. This Denial was founded upon a 
 Decree made by the Univerfity, who 
 obferved, that many illiterate Perfons, 
 got the Degree of Doctors in Divinity, 
 and rofe to the higheft Honours in the 
 Church, who knew nothing of Arts, 
 and Sciences ; whereupon the Univerfi- 
 ty made this Law, viz. " That for the 
 u future, no one fiiould be an Inceptor 
 lt in Divinity, who had not firft com- 
 " pleated his Exercifes, or Acts in the 
 *' liberal Arts and Sciences, or read one 
 " Book of the Canon Law, or Sentences, 
 4< &>c. and preached publickly in the Uni- 
 " verfity ; and any one that mall at- 
 41 tempt to get a Difpcnfation to omit 
 * them, through the Authority, or 
 " Solicitation of Great Men, mall 
 ** lofe the Privilege of the Univerfity." 
 This Conftitution was made Anno 1251, 
 and being afterwards in Ibme Meafure 
 grown into Difufe, was now revived. 
 This Statute, it leems, was often dif- 
 penfed with in others after this ; but 
 fcarcely ever in the Religious, which 
 occafioned the Complaint. The King 
 thereupon wrote to the Chancellor, and 
 Pro&ors, to acquaint him fully with the 
 Intent of the Law, and Revival of it ; 
 and it appearing that it was made to in- 
 commode the Religious, he commanded 
 that they fliould be more candidly dealt 
 with for the future, and ordered, that 
 they fliould be admitted to their De- 
 grees, as others were ever after. 
 
 Anno 1391, King Richard prohibited all 
 fcholaftick Exercifes, till fifteen Days 
 after Safer, upon a Complaint made by 
 the Chancellor, of one Henry Crompe, for 
 publickly defending and teaching Wick? 
 iiff's Doctrines, .called Lofardy, in the 
 Schools. This Henry Crompe was a Cijter- 
 tlan Monk of Uaiverjity College, and be- 
 ing a x'ealous Oppofer of Wicklijf's Doc- 
 trines, was one of the firft that fubfcri- 
 
 bed the Decree made Anno 1381, above- 
 mentioned, againft WickKff, and his Ab- 
 bettors ; but returning into Ireland his na- 
 tive Country about this Time, began to 
 waver firft about the Romifj Doctrines, 
 and at length openly changed his Mind ; 
 and both in teaching, writing, and Dif- 
 courfe, laboured to perfuade Men to 
 receive Wicklijf's Opinions. This being 
 noifed abroad, came to the Ear of Wil- 
 liam Andrew, then Bifliop of Meath % 
 who called him before him, admonifhed 
 him again, and again ; but not being able 
 to oblige him to alter his Mind, he decla- 
 red him an Heretick, by which he came 
 in Danger of a Profecution. Finding 
 therefore, that he was not fafe in his 
 own Country, he returned to Oxford , 
 and not only defended JVicklijf's Doc- 
 trines in his Lectures, but expofed the 
 Roman Faith as much as he could. The 
 Chancellor complained of him to the 
 King for thefe actings, and Crompe was 
 thereupon ordered by the King's Let- 
 ters, to appear before him, and his 
 Council, and give an Account of him- 
 felf, which he accordingly did ; and was 
 ordered to draw up Ms Opinions, in 
 order to a full Confideration of them. 
 He comprized them under ten Articles, 
 or Heads, which being propounded to a 
 Synod of Carmelite Friars met at Stam- 
 ford in Lincolnjhire, May 28, were there 
 condemned, and he was obliged to re- 
 nounce them; which having done, he re- 
 turned to Oxford, and was there admit- 
 ted to a Regency. But notwithftanding 
 his Condemnation, and Abjuration, he 
 ftill perfifted in teaching and defending 
 the fame Doctrines, yet with fmall'Suc-* 
 cefs ; becaufe Men were afraid to em- 
 brace any Notions from a Perfon con- 
 demned for Herefy. The Chancellor 
 obferving this, threatened Crompe with 
 Imprifonment, which though it was not 
 inflicted, yet he met almoft every Day 
 with fo many ' Affronts, and Injuries, 
 that he complained of them to the 
 Archbifliop ; but finding no Relief that 
 Way, he waited upon him, and laid his 
 Notions before him, (viz. the ten Arti- 
 cles condemned at the Synod of Stam-
 
 XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 ford} which the Archbifhop, when he 
 had well read, and confidered the fame, 
 \vas inclined to Favour ; and thereupon 
 wrote his Letters to Ralph Rudrytb the 
 Chancellor of Oxford, the Abbot of Ofney, 
 and fome others, to examine, and dili- 
 gently infpeft the faid Articles, and 
 tranfmit to him their Opinion of them. 
 What was done in anfwer to the Arch- 
 bifhop 's Order, we know not; but we 
 find, that the Lollirds, or Followers of 
 Wicliliff, about this Time were greatly 
 increafed, and multiplied, in and about 
 Oxford ; and being accounted as Tares 
 among the Wheat, much troubled the 
 Bifhops, and other Zealots for the Catho- 
 lick Doftrines, who finding no other 
 Way to remedy the Growth of them, 
 brought heavy Complaints of them to 
 the King ; who thereupon wrote his 
 Letters to the Chancellor, commanding 
 him to eradicate thofe Overthrowers of 
 the Faith, and particularly Robert Lyche- 
 lade, defiring, (as the King therein ex- 
 prefVeth himfelf) that the Univerfity, 
 \vhich hath hitherto flourimed in Repu- 
 tation for Learning, and Virrue, fhould 
 be free, (as far, as we are able to make 
 it) from Errors of that Nature, Qr-c. 
 The King at the fame Time alfo com- 
 manded the Chancellor, and Doftors, 
 that they ftiould examine a Book of 
 Wicklijf's, called the Tnalogue, Svhich is 
 faid to abound with many unwarrantable 
 Opinions, and fend the Heads thereof 
 to him, into his Court of Chancery, 
 under the Seal of the Univerfiry ; but 
 what was done in this Matter, we cannot 
 difcovcr. 
 
 To crufh the growing Herefy of Lol- 
 Vardy, and fettle this Univerfity in Peace, 
 and Unity, the Archbifhop of Canter- 
 bury, Thomas Arutidel, refolved to vifit 
 the fame; and when he understood, 
 that the Chancellor, and Proftors, truft- 
 ing to an Indulto given them by the 
 Pope, were refolved to oppofe it, and 
 binder it, the Archbifhop informed the 
 King of it, who immediately fent his 
 Letters to the Chancellor, and Scholars 
 of Oxford, commanding them, not to 
 themfelves from the Archbi- 
 
 fhops, or Bifhops Jurifdi&ion, n Pre- 
 judice to his Royal Prerogative, and to 
 the Advantage of Hereticks, and Lol- 
 lards, tinder the Umbrage of the Pope'* 
 Bull ; but utterly renounce any fuch 
 Plea before his Majelty's Meflenger 
 Richard Runhall, and fend the Inftru- 
 ment of their Renunciation, well at- 
 tefted to the King; becaufe fuch an 
 Exemption would be the Ruin of their 
 Univerfity, by being a Protetion to 
 Murderers, and all other Sorts of wick- 
 ed Men ; whereas before, the Univerfi- 
 ty flourimed with Philofophers, and the 
 Lovers of all Kind of Sciences, and 
 Virtues. What the Univerfity did in 
 this Cafe, does not appear; but tis not 
 probable, that they made any fuch Re- 
 nunciation, as was required, becaufe in 
 fo doing, they had brought an irre- 
 parable Damage upon themfelves ; all 
 their fundamental Rights, and Privi- 
 leges, being contained in that Bull ; 
 arid particularly, the Privilege of hear- 
 ing, and determining the Caufes rela- 
 ting to Clerks. However, the Arch- 
 bimop fuppofing, that the King's Let- 
 ters had made Way for his Vifitation of 
 the Univerfity, went thither ; but was 
 oppofed by the Heads of the Univer- 
 fity, who laying afide their Plea of the 
 Pope's Exemption, pretended that of 
 Right the Vifitation of their Univer- 
 fity belonged to the King, and hot to 
 the Archbifhop ; which put a Stop to 
 all Proceedings, till it was refolved, to 
 whom the Vifitation belonged, the King, 
 or Archbifhop ; and it was thus decided 
 by the King, That it belonged to the 
 Archbifhop, and his Succeflors only, to 
 vifit the Univerfity of Oxford ; becaufe 
 we find no Records to warrant us to 
 believe, that any of our Progenitors 
 were wont to vifit the Chancellor, or 
 Univerfity aforefaid ; and therefore tis 
 our Will, and from our certain Know- 
 ledge we declare, that the Vifitation 
 of the Vice- Chancellor, and Pro&ors, 
 of the faid Unfverfity for the Time 
 being, as alfo of the DoQrors, Matters, 
 Regents, and Non-Regents, and Scho- 
 lars of the faid Univerfity, and their 
 
 Servants,
 
 XFO R <D SHIR E. 
 
 Servants, and all other Perfons belong- 
 ing to, or any Ways wfing, and enjoy- 
 ing any of the Liberties, and Privile- 
 ges of the faid Univcrfity, doth and 
 ought to appertain to the Archbifhop, 
 and his Succeflbrs, of common Right, 
 and fhall fo appertain in all future Ages : 
 faving to our felves, and Succeflors, 
 the Rights, and Prerogative our An- 
 certors have in all former Times ufed, 
 and enjoyed. But notwithltanding this 
 Conteft, the Bufinefs of the Schools did 
 not ceafe, as was ufual in the like 
 Cafes before ; but Ab, and Degrees of 
 all Sorts, went on in their ufual Me- 
 thods, to the great Comfort of that 
 learned Body. 
 
 The Univerfity in the Year 1399, ob- 
 ferving how great a Detriment to the 
 University papal Provisions had long 
 been, and ftill were, applied themfelves 
 to the King for Relief, they being a 
 great Difcouragement to learned Men, 
 and Learning it (elf; the Pope that 
 Way difpofing of the ecclefiaSUcal Dig- 
 and other Preferments to Fo- 
 which our Universities were 
 fit our Natives for. The 
 King was fenfible of the Juftice of the 
 Complaint, and as his Anceftors, King 
 JEdward I. Anno 1307, and his Grand- 
 father King Edward III. Reg. 25, had 
 done, fo he endeavoured by wholefome 
 Laws to fupprefs them, as the Bane, 
 and Ruin of the Church, as well as a 
 great Injury to the University, and pri- 
 vate Patrons; and accordingly caufed 
 it to be ena&ed, That all Prelates, and 
 other People of Holy Church, which 
 
 have Advowfons of any Benefices 
 
 -fiiall freely have their Collations, and 
 
 Prefentments .And if any Perfon 
 
 make any Acceptation of any Benefice, 
 contrary to this Statute, being duly 
 proved, and be beyond Sea, he fhall 
 abide, a red be exiled, and baniShed out 
 of the Realm for ever, his Lands and 
 -Tenements, Goods and Chattels, be- 
 coming thereby forfeited to the King; 
 and if he be within the Realm, he ihall 
 be banifhcd, and forfeit, as is abovefaid, 
 and depart the Realm in fix Weeks; 
 
 nines, 
 reigners, 
 ere&ed to 
 
 and if any Perfons, receive any fuch 
 bani/hed Perfon, and conceal him after 
 the faid fix Weeks, fo that he doth not 
 go beyond Sea, or having been there, 
 harbour him upon his Return, know- 
 ingly, he fhall be exiled, and banifhed, 
 and incur the fame Forfeiture : But the 
 Provifors were ufually Aliens, and after 
 their Collations to any Benefices, or 
 Dignities, were wont to demifc them to 
 the Englifl) for a yearly Rent, which 
 being forfeited by this Statute, did in 
 a great Meafure prevent thefe corrupt 
 Pra&ifes. Indeed the Pope claimed this 
 Prerogative, as belonging to him of com- 
 mon Right ; but neither our Kings, 
 nor Bifiiops, would grant it him, tho" 
 out of a bigotted Reverence, it was 
 too long permitted, and was grown fo 
 intolerable, that the Kingdom was for- 
 ced to abolilh. it by this, and other 
 Statutes. 
 
 We fhall conclude this Century, which 
 introduced a new Sett of Kings, of the 
 Family of the Duke of Lancajler, called 
 the Lancajlrian Line, with fome Re- 
 marks on the State of Learning in this 
 L T niverfity, during the Succcffion thus 
 far. And here we fhall find that Learn- 
 ing for fome Time paft had been in a 
 decaying Condition, through many un- 
 fortunate Interruptions; as, i. By fre- 
 quent Quarrels of the St.udents, and 
 Friars, ibme of which are abovementi- 
 oned, though but few, to avoid Prolixcy. 
 a. By the Civil Wars in the Reigns of 
 Ed-ward II. and Richard II. which gave 
 fuch a Loofe to the Minds of fome, and 
 ftirred up fuch Fears, and Difcantents 
 in the Minds of others, (fcarcc any oi 
 the meanclt Scholars being without Ibme 
 Hopes, or Fears) that they could not 
 compofe their Minds fcrioufly to their 
 Studies, various Reports, and Sounds of 
 Drums and Trumpets,, disturbing their 
 Thoughts. 3. By the p,reat Dearth of 
 Provisions, neceiGfary for the Suftenta- 
 tion of the humane Life, which pre- 
 vented the yearly Recruit of Scholars, 
 ufual at other Times; becaufe they 
 feared by the Populouinefs of Oxford, 
 the Want of Food might be greater 
 
 there
 
 27 2 
 
 there, than in other Places. 4. By the 
 Abundance of papal Provifions, which 
 took away the Evglifi Preferments, and 
 put them into Foreigners Hands, from 
 whom the EngliJI) at moft got but a 
 fmall Pittance; which Confederation 
 made Men, otherwife well affefted to 
 Religion, and God's Service, to chooie 
 rather to bring up their Children to 
 Trades, than Letters ; and if any in- 
 clined more to Learning, to educate 
 them in the Sciences of the Law, 
 and Phyfick, than in Divinity, which 
 at beft had but poor Encouragement, 
 and as it was in the Pope's Power to 
 difpofe Preferments, none at all. Thefe 
 Things, with the Peftilence, which ra- 
 ged much in this Univerfity, as is above 
 related, were the principa Caufes of 
 the Difufe, and almoft general Con- 
 tempt of Learning in this Age, and of 
 reducing the Scholars to fo fmall a 
 Number, that many Halls, and Schools, 
 (according to the Rent-Rolls, and Re- 
 gifters of the Univerfity, and feveral 
 Religions Houfes adjoyning) were let for 
 fome Years in this laft Reign of King 
 Richard II. to the Townfmen, and fome of 
 them were quite empty ; and as to thole 
 few Scholars that remained, both Dif- 
 cipline, and Readings, were fo much 
 neglefted for want of learned Men, that 
 fcarce any Thing flourifhed here but Ig- 
 norance, and the common Erfe& of it, 
 Infolence, the junior Scholars contemn- 
 ing the learned Do&ors ; but yet this 
 Decay of Learning produced one good 
 Effeft, the Building New CoUege, the 
 pious Founder, (of whom more hereaf- 
 ter) hoping by his liberal Donations, 
 and good Accommodations, to be e- 
 Itecmed one of the Reftorers of Learn- 
 ing. 
 
 King Henry, who was the Fourth of 
 that Name, that had fat one the Engl'fi 
 Throne, finding the Spring of Learning 
 here almoft exhaufted, began his Reign 
 vith fome proper Encouragements to 
 recover it ; and to that End, not only 
 confirmed the ancient Privileges thereof, 
 but added fome others to them, viz- an 
 Enlargement of the Chancellor's Jurif- 
 
 di&ion ; on the Eaft to St. Bartholomew's 
 Hofpital, on the Weft to Bothy, on the 
 North to Godjtow Bridge, and on the 
 South to Bagley Wood, within which Pre- 
 cinh he was allowed to have the Cog- 
 nizance of all Caufes, without any Im- 
 pediment from the King's Jufticcs, or 
 any other Magiftrateswhatfoever: And at 
 the fame Time remitted a yearl y Penfion 
 of five Pounds, paid by the Chancellor, 
 for the Cuftody of the Affize of Bread, 
 Beer, &c. but it was afterward affigned 
 to the publick Library-Keeper. Both 
 the Univerfities alfb petitioning, that 
 the municipal Laws againft the Provifi- 
 ons, might be revived in Parliament, 
 and put in Execution, with which the 
 Laity joyned, further praying, that 
 Pluralities, and Non-Refidence, might 
 alfo he provided againft, obtained a 
 Grant, with an Exemption of Bi/hops, 
 Chaplains, and Graduate Lawyers, and 
 Divines, but it came to nothing ; for 
 fuch was the Covetoufnefs of the Pre- 
 lates, and their Officers, that all were 
 well qualified to purchafe Provifions, 
 that had Money enough to gratify them. 
 To thefe unwarrantable Proceedings, 
 fbme of our beft Hiftorians impute the 
 Growth of VTickliff s Do&rines, which 
 the Scholars {b greedily imbibed, that 
 they had in all Probability prevailed 
 through the whole Kingdom, had net 
 the Archbifhop published a Conftitu- 
 tion againft the Sale, and Ufe of his 
 Books in all Places, and commanded all 
 Heads of Colleges, Inns, and Halls, to 
 inquire monthly into the Orthodoxy of 
 the Scholars^ and proceed againft Per- 
 fons fufpc&ed of Herefy ; firft by Ad- 
 monition, and then by Excommunica- 
 tion ; and if they negle&ed their Duty, 
 they fhould not only lofe their Places, 
 but incur the Cenfures of the Church. 
 
 Wickliff's Do&rine was not this Way 
 to be fupprefled, but maugre all En- 
 deavors, mightily increafed in this Uni- 
 verfity, whereupon the Archbiftiop re- 
 Iblved to vifit the Univerfity himfelf; 
 and to that End fcnt his Letter to the 
 Chancellor, Matters, and Scholars, to 
 appear before him on the Time and 
 
 Place
 
 O XFO R <D S H I R E. 
 
 27 j 
 
 Place appointed They accordingly 
 went to meet him ; but the Chancellor 
 vvithall told him, if he came as a Gueft 
 he mould be welcome, but if as a Vifi- 
 tor, they fliould not attend him; becaufe 
 they had been exempted from all Epi- 
 fcopal Jurifdi&ion by the Pope's Bull. 
 The Archbimop highly difgufted at this 
 Treatment, complained to the King, 
 who fummoning the Chancellor, and 
 Heads, commanded them to fhew their 
 Bull, and removed them from their 
 Offices, which fo troubled the Scholars, 
 that they laid afide their Le&ures, and 
 retired into the Country, refolving to put 
 an End to the Univerfity ; The King was 
 not a little concerned at this Damage to 
 the Univerfity, and that he might recal 
 the Scholars, wrote feveral kind Letters 
 to them, and gave them Licenfe to pro- 
 ceed to a new Election of Magiftrates, 
 for the Supply of the remaining Part of 
 the Year; but when they re-chofe the 
 fame Chancellor, and Pro&ors, he fe- 
 verely reprimanded them. But the 
 Difpute between the Archbifhop, and 
 Univerfity lafted fome Time longer, 
 till being referred to the King, it was 
 determined, as the like Controverfy 
 had been by King Richard II. The fame 
 Archbifh-op Arundel had a Conteft with 
 the Archbifliop of York, about the Right' 
 of vifiting Queen's College in this Univer- 
 fity, becaufe King Rl<.hard\ Grant al- 
 lowed him only to vifit the Univerfity ; 
 but it being referred to the Parliament, 
 the King upon a full Hearing of the 
 Claims of both Sides, adjudged it to the 
 Archbimop of Tork, who claimed it a's a 
 peculiar Right granted him by the Col- 
 lege Statutes. 
 
 AHKO 1417, A Synod of the Englijl) 
 Clergy met at London, by the Order and 
 Appointment of Henry Cbtcbeley, Archbi- 
 fhop of Canterbury, and at it both the 
 Universities of Cambridge, and Oxford, 
 had their Proftors ; of whom Dr. Gilbert, 
 Head of Mertox College, being one, fair- 
 ly reprefentcd in a neat Oration the ill 
 Condition of thcUniverfities, in which the 
 Students lived to be old Men, for want 
 of being called Abroad to Ecclefiaitical 
 
 Preferments, and other proper Encou- 
 ragements for Learning. This Oration 
 had that good Effect, that it produced 
 this Conftitution, That only Do&ors ia 
 Divinity, Law, and Phyfiek, fhould be 
 qualified for any Church Benefice, ex- 
 ceeding the Value of fixty Marks, and 
 only Licentiates, and Bachelors of Di- 
 vinity, for thofe of fifty Marks, and 
 Mafters of Arts, for thole of forty 
 Marks only ; but becaufe none could be 
 initiated, according to the Statutes of 
 either Univerfity, to the Study of Di- 
 vinity, without being firft Profeflbrs in 
 Arts ; nor could the Students in the Ca- 
 non Law become Doftors of that Facul- 
 ty, unlefs they had firft ftudied the Ci- 
 vil Law ; certain Pcrfons were fent by 
 the Synod to Oxford, to take the Confenc 
 of the Mafters there to this Matter, as 
 alfo to Cambridge on the like Arrand; but 
 the Mafters in both Places diffenting 
 from it, this excellent Conftitution, (as 
 fome then, and fince hare thought) was 
 rendred ineffc&ual, but within four 
 Years after, it took Place by the Con- 
 currence of the Mafters, on Condition 
 that the Monks who did not proceed in 
 Arts, nor ftudy the Civil Law, fhould 
 be excepted; but this Conftitution is long 
 fince antiquated, to the Detriment of the 
 Univcrfities. 
 
 Anno 1441, 19 Ren. VI. The King in 
 Imitation of fbme exemplary Prelates, 
 who were great Encouragers of Learn- 
 ing, having an Information of the mean 
 Stipends of the Scholars of this Univer* 
 fity, gave the Manor of Ponlngton in 
 H.-tntpfiire, (fometime belonging to the 
 Priory alien of Okebitrn} with certain 
 Penfions, and Portions of Land at Mil- 
 burnbeck, Turnworth, Charlton, and Upwyn- 
 bourne, in the faid County, to St. Antho- 
 ny's Hofpital, London, on Condition of 
 paying fifty Shillings per Week, by equal 
 Portions, to five Scholars coming from, 
 Eaton School to this Univerfity, for 
 their Subfiftence, till they took their 
 Degrees, which was duly paid till the 
 Year I474> when King Edward IV. an- 
 nexed that Hofpital to St. George's Col- 
 lege in Windfor Caftle, and then the faid 
 M m Heat
 
 XF RT> S II I R E. 
 
 Rent came to the Scholars of Oriel 
 College, as fhall hereafter be Ihewn. 
 
 Anno 145^ George Nevil of BalM Col- 
 lege, Brother of the great Earl of 
 Warwick, took his Mailer's Degree, and 
 performed the Exercife, ufually re- 
 quired of noble Men's Sons, in the 
 Nave of St. Mary's Church, after which 
 he made fuch a Feaft, as is not to be 
 equalled in all our Hiftories upon the 
 hke Occafion; for the firft Day there 
 were fix Hundred Difhes, and the fe- 
 cond three Hundred, prepared for the 
 Scholars, Relations, and Friends of the 
 faid Commencer ; betides the large Pro- 
 vifions made for the meaner Sort of 
 Townfmen, and poor. He was the next 
 Year made Chancellor of the Univer- 
 fity, and three Years after created Bi- 
 ftiop of Exeter, fcarce having as yet at- 
 tained the three and twentieth Year of 
 his Age. At length he was made Arch- 
 bifhop of York, when he made another 
 fuch a Feaft, which the Hiftory of all 
 Nations and Ages, cannot parallel in a 
 Biihop. Vide Fuller'* Church Hifary, /. 4. 
 , 38. p. 193. 
 
 Anno 1460, This Year was the laft of 
 King Henry VI's Reign, who though he 
 had the ill Fortune to be involved in 
 many troublefome Wars with the Houfe 
 of Torky which had but a bad Influence 
 upon the Univerfities, (for the Mufes 
 cure not for the Sound of Drums, and 
 Trumpets) yet as he was a great Patron 
 to Learning, and Piety in his own Dif- 
 pofition, fo he laboured the more to en- 
 courage them in fuch bad Times ; for 
 he founded King's College in Cambridge^ 
 and Eaton at Windfcr ; and becaufe he 
 had received his Education here, as his 
 father before him had done, he (hewed 
 himfelf a great Friend to this Univer- 
 fity, and particularly endowed New 
 College, All Souls, and Mary Magdalene s ; 
 yet fo great was the Decay of Learning 
 at this Time, that whereas this Uni- 
 vcrfity hud before boafted of its many 
 Thoufands, there were fcarce a Thou- 
 fand Scholars therein, which, (as otir 
 Hiftorians rcprefent it 1 ) was to be afcri- 
 bctl partly to the Punchy of Ecclefiafti- 
 
 cal Preferments, beftowed on the Stu- 
 dents of this Place, which ror the Ge- 
 nerality, were appropriated to Cathe- 
 dral, and Collegiate Churches, and 
 Abbies ; and partly was imputable to 
 the Bifliops, who withdrew the Stipends, 
 and Exhibitions, which they and their 
 Predece{fors were wont to beftow upon 
 poor Scholars, for their Education at 
 the Univcrfities, not being able to 
 fpare them out of their riotous Way of 
 living at Court, which now they chiefly 
 delighted in, contrary to what their 
 Prcdeceflors had done, who refided up- 
 on their Diocefes, and kept Hofpitality 
 in their Palaces ; and partly to the mis- 
 chievous Eftcfts of papal Provifions, 
 v.hich were grown " fo infamoufly bad, 
 that Pope Eugene conferred the Deanery 
 
 of the Church of by Way 
 
 of Provifion, upon a Perfon not in Holy 
 Orders, for one Thou (and forty Marks; 
 and when it fell, becaufe the Chapter 
 would not admit him, he bought a Bi- 
 fhoprick for another Sum, and fet that 
 Deanery to Sale, and when this Cor- 
 ruption was complained of to the King, 
 William Bere, Bilhop of St. Davids, took 
 it upon him to defend it, contrary to 
 the Sentiments of good Men. 
 
 Nor was this Univerfity it felf free 
 from Blame in this Kind, for laying 
 a fide a wholefome Statute of the Bifhop 
 of Lincoln, Robert Groftkexd, which pro- 
 hibited fuch kind of Dealings, in thefe 
 Words. *' They beftow Offices, who 
 have no Regard to any Thing in gi- 
 ving them, but the wealthy Ability, 
 not^the Gain, or Utility 01 the Re- 
 ceiver, the Intent of which was, that 
 rone ihould be preferred, but fuch 
 Perfons who were well qualified in 
 Refpeft of their Learning, which 
 was not regarded at this Time ; but 
 the higheft Places in the Univerfity, 
 were put into Mcns Hands, no Ways 
 qualified for them". Further fo great 
 were the Corruptions of thofe Times, 
 through the Avarice of the Bifhops 
 Servants, and Dependants, that Pcrfons 
 bought Holy Orders, that had never 
 bcca matriculated in the Universities,' 
 
 pa fling
 
 XFO R'D S H IR 
 
 patfing thofe by, who had fpent their 
 Time there in Studies for many Years. 
 However the Univerfity did not fee their 
 own Faults, but feeking to amend others, 
 perhaps more notorious, prefented their 
 Letters to the Archbimop of Canterbury, 
 Thomas Botmhier, praying him to apply 
 a fpeedy Remedy to all thele Evils, in 
 iove to his nurfing Mother, especially 
 papal Provifions, which the Archbimop 
 underftanding the Reafonablenefs of 
 their Petition, accordingly did Endea- 
 vour. For he ordered and appointed 
 immediately, that for the future, none 
 fhould be admitted into Holy Oid:rs in 
 his Province, unlefs he brought Letters 
 Testimonial from the Archdeacon of the 
 Place where he lived, or from the Chan- 
 cellor of the Univerfity, or his Deputy, 
 touching his Merits, and Qualifications. 
 But this Order was not long obferved, 
 for the Bimop's Officers rendered the 
 lame ineffectual, and vain, by taking 
 Mor.ey to difpence with fuch Teftimo- 
 nials. Nor was Learning in the Wane 
 and Decay almoft loft and expiring here 
 only, hut alfo in foreign Parts ; for in 
 Italy the beft Men much lamented it, 
 and induced Pope Nicholas to build a 
 Library in the Vatican, (lince grown one 
 o the moft famous in the World) for 
 the Reiteration of Learning, encoura- 
 ging all ingenious Men by great Rewards, 
 to make Ufe of the Books, (with which 
 he furnifhed it plentifully) that Arrs, 
 and Sciences might again flourifli in 
 Perfe&ion. 
 
 In the following Year, which was the 
 firft of King Edward IV's Reign, there 
 happened -fuch a Scarcity of Provifions 
 in this Univerfity, that the Scholars, 
 having firft obtained a Licenfe of the 
 Chancellor, were forced to go a Begging 
 to Gentlemen's, and rich Men's Houfes, 
 and particularly 'tis remarked of four 
 Scholars of Ariftotle's Hall, that did fo 
 this Year ; and that it was ufual in like 
 Cafes in after Ages, Sir Thomat Moor, 
 tells us in his Speech to his Sons, when 
 there was a Scarcity of Provifions in 
 England, laying, // we are not able to 
 maintain our fetves in the highejl 
 
 ive will condefcend to the faring Commons of 
 Oxford, which great Numbers of learned, 
 and reverend Men are contented with ', but if 
 our Ejlate will not reach th.it, we will get ut 
 Baggs, and imitating the poor Scholars of 
 Oxford, ive will beg our Provision front 
 Door to Doer, finging, Salve Regina, at the 
 rich Mens Houfes. But leaft evil Men 
 Ihould defame this Univerfity for beg- 
 ging, let fuch Men know, that the Scho- 
 lars of the Univerfity of Paris, being 
 prerTed with the like Want, obtained 
 the Pope's Bull to Licenfe them to beg 
 Relief of well-difpofed Chriftians, which 
 the Oxonians might be alfb well allowed 
 to do, when they were deprived of their 
 Penfions, and all Things were badly car- 
 ried by Means of papal Provifions ; yet 
 as difcouraging as the Times were, this 
 Univerfity produced fome Men of 
 Learning, and Figure, as William Staple- 
 hart, a great Ornament of this Univerfi- 
 ty, for his Writings, and Deputations; 
 Cornelius Viteltius, an Italian, Lecturer in 
 New College, of whom Pol. Virgil fays, 
 That he was the chief ejl Promoter of Learn* 
 ing here ; and Thomas Gafcoign, who was 
 often Chancellor of this Uuiverfity, but 
 none were eminent for preaching. 
 
 In the Year 1464, the Art of Printing 
 was brought into this Uniyerfiry firft. It 
 had been ufed fome Time before at 
 Mentz., and Harlem, by John Guthenburge; 
 and Archbimop Bourchier apprehending, 
 that it would be of great Benefit to 
 Learning to bring it into England, per- 
 fuaded King Henry VI. to Tend one Ro- 
 bert Tourneur, a Gentleman of his Ward- 
 robe, to Harlem to learn the Art, or 
 bring Ibme over that had been employed 
 in it; Tourner took along with him one 
 William Caxion, a Londoner, who had 
 traded in Holland, as his Companion. 
 They travelled under the Notion, of 
 Merchants, and went to Amjlerdam, and 
 Leyden, but durft not go to Harlem, be- 
 caufe the People found fuch an Advan- 
 U^e by printing, that they imprifoned 
 all Strangers, that feemed to pry into 
 that Art; however, having received 
 Money from the King to carry on their 
 Defign, they bribed one Frederick Corfellis t 
 M ni z ail
 
 an under Workman in the printing Of- 
 fice, to fly in the Night in Difguifc, and 
 coming to them they had a Ship ready 
 to receive him, and brought him into 
 England. He arrived at Londcn firtt ; but 
 that not being thought fo proper a Place 
 for cxcrcifing the Art of Printing, the 
 Archbifhop, who was the Chancellor of 
 this Univerfity, advifed, that it fhould 
 be fet up here; and accordingly we 
 find feveral Books printed at Oxford by 
 this Frederick foon after, viz.. Jerom's Ex- 
 fejtticn of the Apojlles Creed, finished in 
 1468, JEgidius Rcmanus, Of original Sin, 
 in 1479, and Leonard Aretlre upon Ariflo- 
 tle's Ethicks,.foon after. After him Theo- 
 dori k Rcod of Colopn, John Scalar, a Ger- 
 man, Winker de Wcrde, and others, car- 
 ried on this Art afterwards in this 
 Place till our Time, where it now ex- 
 cells. 
 
 Anno 1468, About this Time King 
 Edward IV . very readily confirmed, and 
 ratified all the Privileges granted to this 
 Univerfity by his Predeceflbrs, among 
 which was the Cognizance of Caufes in 
 all Suits, where a Scholar was concern- 
 ed on the one Part, as alfo the Taxa- 
 tion of the Scholars Houfes, and the 
 Oaths of the four Aldermen, eight Bur- 
 gefles, and fome Citizens to be made 
 before the Chancellor ; and laftly, the 
 Charter of King Edward III. granted 
 the Scholars immediately after the great 
 Conftift with the Townfmen. He fur- 
 ther confirmed the Compofition made 
 between the Univerfity, and Richard 
 TfAmory, about the Jurifdi&ion of North- 
 fate Hundred, as alfo the Charter of 
 Xing Edward III. touching the Market, 
 and the Claim of Caufes determinable 
 within the Univerfity Prccin&s, when- 
 foever the Chancellor fhall think fit to 
 demand the fame. He alfo confirmed 
 King Hsnry TV's Charter, touching the 
 Limits, and Bounds of the Univerfify, 
 and the Inftiturion of an high Steward 
 thereof, together with his Chartcr } re- 
 mitting the five Pounds paid for the 
 chief Ri^ht of the Market, and con- 
 cerning the Banifhment of loud Women ; 
 and the Removal: of the Difturbers ef 
 
 the publick Peace ten, or twelve Miles 
 from the Univerfity. The King alfo 
 this Year, having founded a Chauntry at 
 Windfor, afilgned the fame to two Priefts, 
 to be chofen out of each Univerfity 
 one, and they enjoyed the fame by an 
 indifpufable Right, till the 1554, or* 
 1568, when the Dean and Canons of 
 Windfor reje&ed the Choice of this Uni- 
 verfity, (viz.. Mr. Cbrijtopher Young} and 
 endeavoured to aflume this Right to 
 themfelves; but upon the producing 
 their Deeds by the Univerfity, the Dean, 
 &V. were caft in their Pretenfions. King 
 Edward alfo to evince his farther Af- 
 fe&ion to this Univerfity, and the Scho- 
 lars there, fignified by his Letters to 
 them, his Royal Pleafure of taking on 
 htmfelf the Title of the Protetor of 
 the Univerfity, which was accepted as a 
 great Honour done them. 
 
 Anno 1476, The King being informedy 
 that many in this Univerfity had em- 
 braced feveral of Wh Miff's Do&rines, 
 through the Books, and Writings of 
 Reginald Perock, Bifhop of Chichefter, 
 wrote his Letters to the Univerfity, conv- 
 manding, that the Chancellor, and o- 
 ther Magiftrates fhould make, or caufe 
 to be made a ftrift Serrch into all the 
 Colleges, and Halls, for Books written 
 by either of them, and inflit a defer- 
 ved Punifiimcnt upon all their Abbettors, 
 and Followers, burning their Books pub- 
 lickly, which was accordingly executed 
 with great Seventy ; infbmuch, that all! 
 Perfons, who were found to favour their 
 Doftrines, were either expelled the Uni- 
 verfity, or excommunicated, or punifh- 
 ed fome ether Way- One oj them 
 named Thomas Smith, was fufpeted of 
 Herefy, as they called it, but he cleared 
 himfelfat length, in the Prcfence of the 
 King hhnfelf. 
 
 r*t At ti f 
 
 Anno 1477, j ohn Abbot or Ablnpdon, 
 going to Rome about the Affairs of his 
 own Convent, was employed by the Uni- 
 verfity, to obtain of the Pope then fit- 
 ting, Sixtus IV. a Confirmation of the 
 Grants of his Predeceflbrs, that they 
 might be of the fame Force as ever. 
 The Misfortunes beialn them, as to 
 
 their
 
 O XFO R. T> SHIR L, 
 
 their former Grants, was a great Trouble 
 to them ; for fome of them were worm- 
 eaten and deftroyed by Time ; others 
 wore loft by fome Negle&s, or ill 
 Chances, and fome were revoked by 
 fucceeding Popes, and particularly the 
 famous Bull of Boniface VIII. refcinded 
 by King Richard II. which could not be 
 retrieved, but by a confirmatory Bull. 
 The Abbot proved a prevalent Advo- 
 cate, and obtained of Pope Sixtus a Bull, 
 whereby both the Civil, and Ecclefiafti- 
 cal Jurifdiftion were ratified to the Uni- 
 verfity ; whereupon the Chancellor af- 
 ferted an Apoftolical Authority, and 
 conducing himfelf by the Privileges 
 granted in Boniface's Bull, he fet afide 
 even the Regal Power of vificing the 
 Univerfity, till the Time of the Refor- 
 mation, when all the Popes Bulls were 
 overthrown, and deftroyed at once. 
 There was alfo this Year, another Bull 
 granted to this Univerfity by the fame 
 Pope, in Confirmation of that which 
 was given by Pope Innocent IV. Anno 
 1254, by which this Univerfity was de- 
 clared free, and exempt from all foreign 
 Jurifdiftion, and Vifitation what foe ver. 
 
 Anno 1483, King Richard III. vifited this 
 Univerfity, and by the Care of the 
 Founder William Wain feet, Bifliop of 
 Winchejier, was entertained with his At- 
 tendants, many Bimops, and Noblemen, 
 in Magdalene College, where having 
 lodged one Night, he ordered fome Dif- 
 putations to be had before him the next 
 Day, being the Feaft of St. James, 
 which were accordingly performed, the 
 one in moral Philofophy, and the other 
 in Divinity, with fo much Skill and 
 Learning, that the King gave each of 
 them a Buck, and to the Do&or of Di- 
 vinity five Pounds, and to the Mafters 
 each of them five Marks, befides what 
 he gave to the College for a Feaft, viz* 
 two Bucks, and five Marks to be laid 
 out in Wine. The Day following, which 
 was the Feaft of St. Ann., he was invited 
 to the publick Difputations, and having 
 heard them with Pleafnre, beftowed 
 fuitable Rewards upon the Difputants, 
 According to their Merits ; after which 
 
 being honourably conducted to Woodcock by 
 the Univerfity, he foon after, (according 
 to his Promife) confirmed to it its Im- 
 munities, and Privileges of all Sorts, for 
 which theUniverfity returned himThanks 
 in thefe Words, Nw wo fr/ex, &c. t.e But 
 how much do we owe to your Majefty, 
 whofe Privileges granted by your Pro- 
 genitors, you have again confirmed 
 without Sollicitation, or Expence. For, 
 (fays our Author) this muft be faid of 
 this King, that though he gained the 
 Throne by Fraud and Force, he govern- 
 ed the Nation with much juftice, that 
 he might gain the Favour or his People. 
 About the fame Time alfo, that he 
 might oblige the Cantabrigians, he gave 
 a yearly Revenue of five Hundred 
 Marks to Queen s College ; and that he 
 might promote Learning in both Uni- 
 verfities, and all Parts of his Kingdom, 
 he cauied a Law to be made, that 
 Books printed beyond Sea fhould be 
 brought into England, and difpcrfed in- 
 to all Parts, which was thought fo good 
 a Law, that King Henry VIII. eilabliflied 
 it a-new. 
 
 Anno 1497, Margaret Countefs of Rjch- 
 montt and Derby, the Mother of King 
 Henry VII. who had been fome Years 
 fettled on the Engllp Throne, having: 
 the Year before obtained Licence of her 
 Son, founded a Theological Le&ure in 
 this Univerfity ,. to continue for ever; 
 and made Dr.. Edmund Wilford, a mo(t 
 eminent Divine, the firft Profeflfor ins 
 it, at the Recommendation of Cardinal 
 Morton, then Chancellor. She alfo 
 maintained diverfe poor Scholars in this 
 University,, under the Tuition of Mau- 
 rice Wejlbury, by which Beneficence that 
 Lady deferves to be celebrated by all 
 learned Men, as the Patronef& of Learn- 
 ing and Virtue. 
 
 Anna- 149^, About this Time, if not 
 fomewhat fooner, came that great Re- 
 ftorer of Learning, Erafmus Rcteroda~ 
 tnus, into England, and his Converfation, 
 ajid Acquaintance was much dcfirad,. 
 and fought after by the learned Men of" 
 both Universities. He became at firfr 
 moft intimate with Dr. Colety. (whon* he
 
 278 
 
 XFO KT> SHIRE. 
 
 called his Matter) and Mr. Thomas Lyn- 
 *cre, and was by them brought to this 
 Univerfity, where he was entertained in 
 St. Mary's College, then the Habitation 
 of Canons Regular, and flaying there a 
 While, he wrote his Difcourfe, T)e T&dio, 
 fy Pavcre Chrifli, and fome Epiftles to 
 John Sixt'm, and William Mountjoy, which 
 are dated this Year. While lie remain- 
 ed here, he was had in great Reverence 
 for his Learning, by the moft exquifite 
 Students; but the Monks, and Friars, 
 becaufe he taught the young Scholars 
 the Greek Tongue, though he did it gra- 
 tis, did all they could to make him odi- 
 ous to the Herd of Scholars, as if he 
 had introduced fome monftrous, magical 
 Incantations among them, notwithftand- 
 ing Dr. Colet, and Lynacre, laboured all 
 they could to perfuade them to the con- 
 trary. However, Erafmus did not de- 
 fift from teaching for fome Years, and 
 though he was fometimes abfent, yet he 
 made fo many Proficients in it, that 
 they alfo became Teachers of it to their 
 Pupils, whereby it flourished in this 
 Univerfity, notwithftanding fome of the 
 Secular Priefts, and Friars envied its 
 Prbgrefs, and made it the SubjcS of 
 their Scoffs, and Ridicule, in their 
 common Difcourfe ; and in their Difpu- 
 tations, and Sermons, declared, that 
 the Propagators, and Learners of that 
 Language, ought to be excommunicated. 
 But as bad a Reception as Erafmus had 
 here, he had worfe at Cambridge ; for 
 there he labouring to teach the Scholars 
 the Greek Tongue, no Body would go to 
 hear him, nor would they be perfuaded 
 by their Chancellor to apply themfelves 
 to that Sort of Learning, being fo fond 
 of their Logical Quiddities, and Bran- 
 gles, Nay, \vhcn the Greek Tejiament, 
 juft then put out by Er.ifmus, was ten- 
 dered to fome of the moft famous Men 
 of that Ui.ivcrfity, it was not only re- 
 jefied, but in a certain Meeting of a 
 Society, it was ordered, under a great 
 Penalty, that none of the Fellows mould 
 biing in among them that wicked, and 
 tifelefs Book. And indeed fo averfe 
 7,ere the Clergy in general to the Greek 
 
 Language, that Dr. Henry Standijh, then 
 a Minorite Friar, and after Bilhop of 
 St. Afaph, wrote againlt Erafmus's Edi- 
 tion of the Greek Tejiament ; though there 
 wanted not fome, and thofe of the moft 
 Learned, who commended, and defend- 
 ed it. 
 
 Anno 1501, Princs Arthur, the Son of 
 King Henry, came to fee this Univerfity, 
 and lodged in Magdalene College, out of 
 a fpecial Favour to Dr. Mnyhew the 
 Prefident of it, who was the King's Al- 
 moner. He vifited diverfe other Col- 
 leges, and was entertained by the young 
 Scholars, as well in them, as this, with 
 Panegyricks, and all other Demonftra- 
 tions of Reverence, and Refpeft. 
 
 Anno 1503, There happened here a 
 devouring Plague, (the juft Punifhment, 
 as was thought, of the Quarrels, and 
 wicked Diforders, as well among the 
 Scholars themfelves, as the Scholars and 
 Town fm en, for fome Years before) 
 which broke the Univerfity to Pieces, 
 difperfing the Scholars into all Parts of 
 England, as their Friends, and Relations 
 invited them, or Humour led them. 
 John Forfler, Prefident of St. Allan's Hall, 
 withdrew with the greateft Part of his 
 Society to IJl'tp, a Town near Oxford ; 
 but within three Weeks, the Plague 
 followed them thither, and manyof them 
 died of it; of whom fome were buried 
 at Elsfeld, and one at Noke. Mertcn 
 College was much depopulated by it, 
 but ceafing at the End of the Year, 
 the Students returned to the Univer- 
 fity, and let up the ufual Le&ures, and 
 Exercifes according to the Orders, and 
 Statutes of their Anceftors, and Foun- 
 ders ; at which Time Andrew Alazard, 
 a Frenchman, coming hither to take his 
 Do&or's Degree in Phyfick, and being 
 ordered by the Chancellor to expound 
 Avlcen upon the Pulfc, he illuftrated it 
 fo with Tables, which were efteemed 
 long after his Departure, that many of 
 the Scholars attended his Le&ures, ef- 
 pecially the Students in Phyfick ; and 
 St. Alban's Hall where he refidcd, fo long 
 as he ftayed, by his Means was filled a- 
 gain with Scholars. 
 
 Ann*
 
 OXFO R <D S H IR E. 
 
 279 
 
 Antio 1508, This was the laft Year of 
 King Henry VII's Reign, who had fome 
 Dcfigns, in his Inrenrion, of doing 
 fome great Thing for the Univerfity of 
 Oxford, but whatever was the Hindrance 
 we do not find, that it was ever began ; 
 fo that he left the Univerfity in as bad 
 a Condition, as he found it. And truly 
 the Decay of Learning was rather great- 
 er, than ir was at the End of the laft 
 Century, for the Scholars had little Re- 
 gard to the better Sort of Learning, 
 and liberal Arts. The Greek Tongue 
 was defpifed, and the Scholars applied 
 themfelves to Sophiftical Niceties, and 
 other trivial Studies, fo that they were 
 altogether Strangers to found Judgment 
 and Rcafoning. And the fewer of fuch 
 Men the better, which made the Empti- 
 nefs of the L T niverfity not fo much to 
 be lamented by the Lovers of true 
 Learning; though indeed it was deplo- 
 rable, for the Halls and Inns were turn- 
 ed intoTradefmen's Shops, and the only 
 Perfons, that made any fliew of Letters, 
 were Wickliff's Followers, who yet durft 
 not prefume to appear in the Schools, 
 in Defence of the Truths they held, 
 through Fear of the popifli Zealots, 
 who were ever bufie to perfecute them 
 as Hereticks, not fo much in Oppofition 
 to their Doctrine, as to recommend 
 themfelves to the Pope, and the Bifliops, 
 to gain Preferment; for a good Life, 
 and Learning, at this Time, was no 
 good Qualification for Ecclefiaftical Pro- 
 motions. They merited moft, that were 
 bittereft againft novel Opinions, though 
 true ; and were fo bigotted to the old 
 papal Doftrines, as to perfecute all, that 
 were fo much as fufpefted of being dif- 
 affe&ed to them. Learning feemed now 
 expiring, but we fliall find it reviving 
 in the next Century. 
 
 King Henry VIII, fucceeding his Fa- 
 ther on the Throne, after the Example 
 of his noble Anceftors, at the Requeft 
 of Archbimop Warbam Chancellor, Sir 
 Tlomas Level, High Steward, and Dr. 
 Tantleroy, Commiflary of the Univerfity, 
 not only confirmed all its Charters, and 
 Privileges, before granted by his Royal 
 
 Progenitors; but increased the fame, 
 and among others confirmed the Charter 
 of King Edward IV. by his Royal Di- 
 ploma, which exceeded all the Grants 
 of his Progenitors ; but that with fcveral 
 papal Bulls and Grants, was fome Way 
 lurreptitioufly taken away to the great 
 Lofs, as well as Trouble, of the Uni- 
 verfity, who employed their ChanceJlor 
 to procure an Exemplification thereof, 
 from the Apoftolick Chancery ; but 
 whether that was done or no, we find 
 not, yet not long after we cbfervc, that 
 the Univerfity was. in Pofleflion of them 
 again ; but upon the Extirpation of the 
 Pope's Supremacy in this Reign, fome 
 fiery Zealots againft Popery, committed 
 them to the Flumes, and fo deprived the 
 World of many Things which would 
 have been of Ufe to compleat the Hi- 
 ftory of this Univerfity. But that was 
 not fb great a Lofs to it perhaps, as that 
 of its Eafe, and Quiet ; for the Citizens 
 having Intelligence of the Want of it* 
 Charters, fet themfelves to infringe the 
 moft ancient and known Rights of the 
 Univerfity, diibbeying the Chancellor's- 
 Mandate, and interrupting him in the 
 Correction, and Imprifonrnent of De- 
 linquents, with many other Injuries* 
 which the Univerfity were not able to 
 refcue themfelves from; till by an Ap- 
 peal to Cardinal Wolfey, and fome other 
 Patrons of Learning, the Bailiffs were 
 forced to do Penance, and pay a Fine of 
 four Pounds each, to fatisfy the Expen- 
 ces of the Univerfity ; but this Peace 
 did not laft long, for the Citizens find- 
 ing a Way to elude the Force of the 
 Univerfity Charters, broke out into a, 
 Quarrel, which Cardinal Wolfey exttn- 
 guifhed, by procuring a new Charter 
 from the King and Parliament. 
 
 Anno 151$, In the Beginning of this 
 Year, the King and Queen, with the 
 great Cardinal Wolfey, and a numerous 
 Attendance of Courtiers, and Peers, 
 came to Ablngdon, and were entertained 
 there in the Benediffine Monaftery. The 
 Queen had a Defire to fee the Univer- 
 fity of Oxford, and more efpccially the 
 Shrine ol St. Frittefaide, to which th 
 
 Cardinal
 
 208 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Cardinal conduced her; and was met 
 by the Heads of the Univcrfity, and 
 many Scholars. The Queen firft paid 
 her Devotion to St. Fr/tk/^We'sReliqucs, 
 and then retired to Merton College, 
 where fhe lodged ; and then vifited the 
 other Colleges. The Cardinal went in- 
 to the Convocation-Houfe, where being 
 welcomed, together with the Nobles 
 with him, he made an Oration, profef- 
 fing great Favour and AfFe&ion to the 
 Univerfity, and promifing, that iince 
 they had defired, that fome of their 
 Statutes relating to Learning, contra- 
 di&ed one another, and ought to be 
 amended, if they would leave the Cor- 
 reGion of them to him, he would found 
 certain Le&ures among them. This 
 Propofal was gainfaid at firft by the 
 Chancellor, but, at the Importunity of 
 the Body, granted ; and a Decree there- 
 upon made, of delivering the Statutes 
 of the Univerfity into the Cardinal's 
 Hands to be amended, and changed as 
 he pleafed, June i, 1518. The Cardi- 
 nal, immediately upon his Reception of 
 them, promifed to do all Things for 
 the Advantage, and Honour of the Uni- 
 verfity ; and founded a Rhetorick Lec- 
 ture, of which one John Clemens was 
 the firft Reader. The next Year he 
 alfo eftablifhed a Greek Le&ure, which 
 though it met with a like, if not a 
 itronger Oppofition, than it found when 
 Erafmus, and Grocynus, fet it up, by a 
 Company of Scholars, who gave them- 
 felves the Name of Trojans, becaufe 
 they refblved like Priamus, and Hector, 
 to oppofe the Greeks with all their Vi- 
 gour, by their ScofFs, and Laughter; 
 yet by the Advice of Sir Thomas More, 
 and the Encouragejpenj of fhe Cardi- 
 nal, who by his Favour made it a Way 
 to Preferment, it came to pafs that in a 
 little Time, the Scholars were brought 
 ardently to Study the Greek Tongue; 
 and many became great Proficients in 
 it, to the great Envy of the Cantalngi- 
 *ws t who foon after began -to fall to the 
 fame Studies, cfpcclally when they faw 
 this Univerfity grown fo famous by it, 
 that foreigners fcnc their Youth hither 
 
 for Education; but the Deftru&ion of 
 Monafteries, reduced Learning again, 
 almoft to the old Barbarifm. 
 
 The Citizens about this Time fuppo- 
 fing, that the Univerfify was deprived 
 of their Privileges, and Charters, by 
 their being delivered to the Cardinal ; 
 fell upon the Scholars of Broadgate Hall, 
 who defended themfelves bravely, tho* 
 the Townfmen had the better. In this 
 Conflict many were wounded, and one 
 {lain. This Difturbance obliged the 
 Univerfity to haften the Cardinal, to 
 difpatch his good Defign in correcting 
 their Statutes, and increafing their Pri- 
 vileges, which he, being informed of 
 the Quarrel, went fpeedily about ; for 
 having obtained all he defired of the 
 King, by the Afliftance of the Bifhops 
 of London, and Lincoln, he imployed Dr. 
 London of New College, a Perfon well 
 verfed in all the Univerfity Affairs, to 
 defcribe the Privileges of it, and Mr. 
 Robert Carter, (whom on that Account he 
 made Steward in his Family, and after- 
 ward a Canon of his College) to mend 
 the Statutes; and for the greater Hafte, 
 Mr. Roger Dinghy of All Souls, and Mr. 
 William Grife of Magdalene College, both 
 Bachelors of Divinity, were made his 
 Afliftants ; but notwithftanding this, the 
 Cardinal was involved in Ib many im- 
 portant Bufincffes of State, and his 
 Downfal was fo fudden, that the Work 
 was never perfe&ed. 
 
 The Lutheran Herefy, (as it was now 
 eftecmcd, and commonly called) began 
 now tofpread it felf much in this Univerfi- 
 ty; and Luther's Books were got into many 
 Hands, whereby his Dotrine got much 
 Ground among the Scholars. This when 
 the Cardinal was acquainted with, he 
 lint his Letters dr,vn to the Univerfity, 
 requiring them to fend up to him at 
 London fome of their moft learned Men, 
 who might difcufs thele new Opinions, 
 and confute them, as being oppofite to 
 the Catholick Faith. The Heads there- 
 upon called a Congregation, and named 
 Thomas "Brinknell of Lincoln College, John 
 Kyxton a Grey Friar, John Roper of Mag- 
 dalene College, and John Colours, all of 
 i them
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 them Doftors of Divinity, who going to 
 London^ held a Synod, wich many other 
 learned Men and Bifhops in the Cardi- 
 nal's Houfe, and condemned Luther 's 
 Do&rine, as contrary to the true Chri- 
 lHan Religion ; a Copy of which Cen- 
 lure was a little after lent down to Ox- 
 /iW, and fixed upon the Sun Dial, on 
 the South Side of St. Mary's Church- 
 yard; and Toon after Luther's Books 
 were burnt in this Univerfity, and Cam- 
 bridge. After this the Oxonians grew very 
 zealous againft Lather's Do&rines, and 
 one Dr. Edward Powell, Do&or of Divi- 
 nity 
 
 long before of Oriel 
 Book againft Luther, upon 
 Supremacy, and feven Sacraments, 
 which was not only highly applauded by 
 this Univerfity, but was fo highly ap- 
 proved of by the King, (who himfclf 
 had about this Time written a Book 
 againft Luther, for which the Pope gave 
 htm the Name of the Defender of the Faith} 
 that every one thought he would have 
 fomc of the chief Preferments beftowed 
 on him. But it happening a little after, 
 that the King being fet upon his Di- 
 vorce from Queen Kath.irine, and meet- 
 in with Oppofirion from the Pope, 
 
 would found among them a large College, 
 and fettle Revenues upon it funHcient to 
 maintain fevcn Lefturers, and two Hun^ 
 dred Scholars, and fince they had re- 
 pofed fo much Confidence in him, he 
 would ufc his utmoft Endeavours to 
 procure them any Privilege they wan- 
 ted, that he might make them the moil 
 famous Univerfity in the World. And 
 that he might give them a Specimen of 
 his AfteKon to them, he promifed them. 
 to bring down to them the King, and 
 Queen, in Lent; and not to leave them 
 till he had given them fome notabla 
 
 and Prebendary of Salisbury, not Mark of his Beneficence to them. The 
 College, wrote a Bimop having thus finimed his Mcflage, 
 the Pope's departed ; and the Univerfity prcfently 
 met in a full Congregation, to confult 
 how they fhould receive the King, and 
 Queen, after the mofl magnificent, as 
 well as fcholarlike Manner, ahouc 
 which, after they had fpent fomc Time 
 and Pains, the Plague broke out, and 
 made the Scholars fly .to fhift for their 
 own Safety; but that did not abate the 
 Cardinal's Zeal in building his College* 
 which he foon finimed, and furnimed 
 it with the ablert Scholars from all 
 Parts, as well foreign, as domeftick, viz, 
 from Cambridge, Paris, and other Places, 
 
 afluming to himfelf the Supremacy of as alfo from other Colleges here. 
 
 d him- ' 
 
 the Church, Dr. Powell declared him- 
 felf againft both, which fo angred the 
 King, that he firft imprifoned him, and 
 then caufed him to be burnt in Smith- 
 field. 
 
 Anno 1523, Cardinal Wolfey obtained 
 in the Beginning of this Year, of King 
 Henry, an ample Charter of Privileges 
 for this Univerfity, and took Care to 
 fend them down by proper Meflengers ; 
 but when^hey came to be divulged in 
 the City, the Citizens were fo angry, 
 that they refolved never to obey them ; 
 and accordingly raifed great Diftur- 
 banccs in Oppofition to them, as we 
 fhall obferve afterward. With this Char- 
 ter the Cardinal fent John Longltind t 
 Bifliop of Lincoln, his Orator, to aiTure 
 the Univerfity that he would foon make 
 good the Benefaions to it, that he had 
 foine Time intended, viz. That he 
 
 Anno 1526, The Cardinal's College 
 was fcarce fettled, when it was di (co- 
 vered, that Luther's Do&rine had taken 
 deep Root in it, by Reafon of fome 
 Scholars, that were brought thither 
 from Cambridge, who were great Favour- 
 ers of it. Among thefc John Clarke, one 
 of the junior Canons of the Society, was 
 the Chief. He held private Le&ures, 
 and Difputations in his Chambers, and 
 being a Perfon of fingular Learning, 
 and Piety, was much followed by the 
 young Scholars, and, in all their Doubts, 
 (which he allowed them freely to pro- 
 pound to him) became their Oracle. 
 Luther's Followers had their private 
 Meetings alfo in other Places, where 
 they joyned in Prayers to God, and 
 contrived how to propagate their Ma- 
 tter's Opinions, which were contained 
 in a Book, which they had among them, 
 N a >
 
 XFO R 2) SHIRE, 
 
 to explain the fame. Nicholas OW,i/, or 
 ITW*/, and John Dyot, were two of thefe. 
 When the Cardinal, who had founded 
 the College, heard of this, he was ex- 
 treamly troubled, that he fhould thus 
 eftablifh a Seminary of Hereiy, and re- 
 fclving to root it out, thus proceeded 
 againft them, viz. Some he brought to a 
 Recantation, others he expelled the So- 
 ciety, and others he put in Prifon ; of 
 which laft, fome of them were fo refo- 
 hite in holding their Opinions, that they 
 would rather be burnt with his Eooks> 
 than renounce them. The Adherents to 
 the papal Do&rines, exerted the utmoft 
 of their Art and Learning, to confute 
 them, but to no Purpofe. Several con- 
 firmed their Belief with their Death, of 
 which were John Clark, Henry Sumr.er, 
 and one Bayley, a Bachelor of Arts ; but 
 Fryth, Taverner, and Lawxy, broke Pri- 
 fon and efcaped. 
 
 Anno 15*8, Fierce Controverfies, and 
 Difputcs happened this Year between 
 the Univerfity and City, notwithftand- 
 ing a malignant Plague raged among 
 them. The Townfmen accufed the 
 Scholars in feveral Articles, efpecially 
 the Proftors, for injuring the Citizens 
 in their Night-watches; and when the 
 Univerfity called a Court-Leet, accord- 
 ing to Cuttom, to attend in the Guild- 
 Hall of the City, they refufed to fum- 
 rnon a Jury one Year, and fhut up the 
 Doors another ^gainft them ; which 
 Things they did, becaufe they fuppofcd 
 the Charter, which Wvlfey was about to 
 procure for the Univerfity, was not con- 
 firmed. The Chancellor's Commjflary 
 thereupon fummoned the Mayor, and 
 Bailiffs, to anfwer the Contempt ; but 
 they would not obey the Summons, and 
 b were Sentenced to Imprisonment, 
 which not being regarded, the Com- 
 mififary proceeded to Excommunication ; 
 but this laft Sentence at length fo 
 wrought upon them,, that they Submitted 
 to the Laws, and Cuftoms of the Uni- 
 verfity, and having taken an Oath to 
 obey them, and the Laws of the Church, 
 they were abfolved, and feeming Peace 
 enfucd, but Jafted not long above t\vo 
 
 Years; for fome fa&ious and turbulent 
 Spirits, broached new Differences about 
 the Privileges of both Sides, fo that they 
 proved irreconcileable, till they were 
 referred to the King hitnfelf, who or- 
 dered both to deliver up, and Surrender 
 into his Hands, all their Grants, and 
 Charters, rhat a full Conclufion of all' 
 Quarrels might be made. This \vas ac- 
 coidingly done, and Bonds given by, 
 both Sides to ftand to his Majefty's 
 Judgment, and Determination : Such 
 Pkccs, and Offices as fell in the mean 
 Time, the King difpofed ftf, and having 
 fully weighed, and confiderod well the 
 Complaints of both Skies, ratified, and 
 confirmed all the ancient Privileges of 
 the Univerfity, commanding the Mayor, 
 and Citizens of Oxford, in no wife to 
 infringe, or violate any of them ; yet 
 was not even this Decifion kept long, 
 through the perverfe Humour of the 
 Townfmen. 
 
 In this Year alfo, the Cardinal fent a 
 MefTage to the Univerfity by Dr. Higden^ 
 Dean of Kb College, by which not only 
 the Privileges obtained for the Univer- 
 fity by him, were delivered to the Heads 
 in a full Congregation, but a Promife 
 was given them of crcfting new Schools, 
 for the Ufe of his Lc&urers ; which 
 bountiful Beneficence, the Univerfity 
 received with fuch Gratitute to their 
 Patron, that they eftablifhed by an un- 
 changeable Decree, i. That every Per- 
 fon, tliat fhall be admitted to any De- 
 gree in this Univerfity, fliall at their 
 Admiffion take a corporal Oath, that as 
 often as they fhall happen to preach in 
 this Univerfity, St. Paul's Crofs y or St. 
 
 Mary's without Lijbops-gate^ Ihey fhall 
 by Name pray for Thomas Wolfey, Cardi- 
 nal, and Bifliop of York, that the mag- 
 nificent Cardinal may partake of all 
 their Suffrages, Prayers, Alms, &c. for 
 ever. 2. That whenever the faid Cardinal 
 fhall depart this Life, folemn Obfequies 
 fhall be faid the next Day for his Soul, 
 with a Mafs, by all the Graduates, who 
 fhall be obliged to be prefent, from the 
 Beginning to the End, as an Aft of Fi- 
 delity, that they may be performed in 
 
 the
 
 XFO R <D SHIR . 
 
 the moft decent Manner, and that every 
 Year upon a certain Day, by the Dean, 
 or whole Univerfity; which Refolution 
 and Order, was forthwith fent to the 
 Cardinal, and lay in the King's Trea- 
 fury till the Year 1 566, when it was re- 
 ftorcd to the Univerfity : how it came 
 there, we have no certain Account. 
 
 Anno 1530, King Henry VIII. being 
 intent upon his Divorce from Queen 
 Katharine, his Brother Arthurs Wife, 
 which the Cardinal, in Hatred to the 
 Emperor, had put into the King's Mind, 
 as a Thing unlawful and finful; fent 
 this Queftion to moft of the Universities 
 -of Europe, and particularly to Cambridge, 
 and Oxford, to have their Judgment 
 upon it, the Pope and his Conhftory 
 having put him off with long Delays, 
 and to great Charge about it, <vtn. Whe- 
 ther it be forbidden by the Laws of God, and 
 Nature, that one Brother jlwuld have the 
 Wife of another Brother, after his Death. 
 The Univerfities of Cambridge, and Fa- 
 rts, foon fent the King their Determina- 
 tion, That it was forbidden, &c. Oxford 
 had many Meetings, and Debates about 
 it, but never could agree in a full Con- 
 gregation, the Juniors being pofitively 
 fet againft the Divorce ; whereupon the 
 Do&ors, and Bachelors of Divinity, be- 
 ing reproved by the King, and Archbi- 
 fhop, for their Delays, at length re- 
 turned their Anfwer in this Form, viz,. 
 * To all Chriftian People to whom thefe 
 ** Prefents lhall come, We, the Do&ors, 
 " and Matters, Regents, and Non-Re- 
 *' gents, of all Faculties in the Uni- 
 *' verfity of Oxford, Greeting. Seeing 
 " it is a Debt of our Profeflion, and 
 <l Chriftian Charity, to be ready to im- 
 *' part our Knowledge, and fatisfy all 
 *' Perfons of the Reafon of our Faith, 
 " who require it; and we have been 
 *' often demanded, and asked, Whether 
 " it be forbidden by the Laws of God, and 
 " Nature, that any Chriftian jlwuld marry 
 " the Relitt, or Widow of his Brother, who 
 *' died without Children? We having ex- 
 " amined and difcufled the faid Que- 
 *' ftion with all Diligence, and Since- 
 *' rity poffible, according to the Senfe 
 
 " of the Holy Scriptures, and Interpre- 
 *' tations of the Fathers, that we might 
 " find out the certain Truth, do judge, 
 " and declare, that the moft probable, 
 " certain, and true Opinion is, That it 
 " is forbidden all Chriftians by the Laws 
 " of God, and Nature, that any Bro- 
 " ther fhould marry the Reli& of his 
 " own Brother, who dieth without 
 " Children, if ihe hath been carnally 
 " known by him." And to this their 
 Judgment the Univerfity put their Seal, 
 in a full Congregation at Oxford, April 
 8, 1530. The King having received this 
 Determination, was exceedingly pleafed, 
 and promifed his Favour for the future 
 more fully to it. 
 
 The two next Years were fpent in 
 Controversies, between one of the Prae- 
 tors of the Univerfity, and tne Servants 
 of the Abbot of Ofney, which the Abbot 
 protefting, the Commiflary pronounced 
 him contumacious, and apprehending his 
 Servants, as under their Jurifdi&ion, 
 (which the Abbot denied) imprifoned 
 them a W r hile, and upon their hum- 
 bling themfclves for their Faults, dif- 
 mifled them. The other Controverfy 
 was between the Univerfity and City, 
 about their Privileges, which fo often 
 happened, that our Pen is tired with 
 Repitition ; and fo we fhall proceed, to 
 what we find more becoming fo Augult 
 a Body to relate, viz. 
 
 Anno 1 534, KingHwry VIII. not able to 
 bear the papal Tyranny, fince it crofled 
 him fo much in the Cafe of his Divorce, 
 refolded to acknowledge no Superior in 
 his own Dominions; and thereupon calling 
 a Convocation of the Bifliops, and other 
 Clergy, he caufed it to be decreed by 
 them, " That he was to be acknow- 
 " ledged to be the fupreme Head, and 
 " Governor of the Church of England, 
 " next under God ;" which having ob- 
 tained of the Clergy, he got it confirm- 
 ed to him, his Heirs, and Succcflors, 
 by Aft of Parliament; but ftill the 
 Pope's Supremacy was maintained by the 
 moft Part of the Kingdom. That there- 
 fore he might banifli and expel it o^uite, 
 the King fent fomc of his moft eminent 
 N n ?. Men
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Men for Learning and Piety, to the 
 Monaftc-rics to know, what was their 
 Opinion about it ; and about the fame 
 Time fent his Royal Letters to this 
 Univerfity, requiring their anfwer to 
 this Queftion, Whether the Bijhop of Rome 
 bath any greater Jurifdi&ion invejled in him 
 by God, in the Holy Scripture, over this 
 Kingdom of England, than any other Bifiop, 
 which is a, Foreigner. To avoid Confu- 
 fion, and Delay, the Confideration of 
 the Queftion was, by the Univerfity met 
 in a full Congregation, devolved upon 
 thirty of the moft eminent Divines, 
 Doftors, and Batchelors, who having 
 fully debated, and deliberated upon it, 
 by fearching the Scriptures, and the 
 moft approved Interpreters; and holding 
 frequent Difputations upon it, came to 
 this Refolution, which upon their Re- 
 port was aflfented to by the whole Uni- 
 verfity, and fent to the King, viz> 
 ' That the Bifhop of Rome, hath no 
 *' where in Scripture a greater Power 
 *' conferred upon him by God, within 
 " this Realm of England, than any o- 
 " ther foreign Bifhop whatfoever ; and 
 " to teftify their unanimous Judgment 
 * in the Point, the Univerfity in their 
 ** full Congregation affixed to it their 
 " common Seal, July 27, 1534." But 
 this did not fully fatisfy the King ; and 
 therefore that he might have the full 
 Concurrence of all the Scholars, to a 
 BoSrine that favoured fo much of No- 
 velty, he fent certain Perfons to de- 
 mand the fingle Opinion of every indi- 
 vidual Scholar, livisg in any College, 
 or Hall, in thefe Words. Whether he did, 
 *nd would renounce the Pope's Supremacy ? 
 To which, though many fcrupled not 
 to anfwer affirmatively, and by an In-, 
 ftrumcnt fubfcribed by them, promifcd 
 only to mention him as Bifhop of Rome 
 in their publick and private Difcourfes, 
 yet others there were, who chofe rather 
 to lofe their Fellow fhips, and other De- 
 pendances in the Colleges, and Halls, 
 than comply therewith. 
 
 Anna 1535, King H/>-;;ry being ftill in, 
 Poficffion of the Liberties, and Privi- 
 leges of this Univerfity, fent certain 
 Commiffioners this Year to vifit it, who 
 
 in their Vifitation of Magdalene College, 
 added a Greek Lethire to the four before 
 fettled, viz. one in Divinity, two in 
 Philofophy, and a fourth for the Latine 
 Tongue. As alfo in New College, and 
 All Souls a Greek and Latine Lefture, fe- 
 verally with proper Stipends for the 
 Readers ; but in Queen s College, and 
 Merton, they appointed but one of thefe 
 Le&ures ro each, with a fuitable Sti- 
 pend ; ordering fome Perfons to read in 
 thofe Languages in other Colleges, and 
 the Students to attend them, though 
 they gave no Stipend for reading. And 
 becaufe many Students forefeeing the 
 Ruin of Church Preferments, with 
 fmall Learning applied themfelves to 
 the Study of Phyfick, the Vifitors or- 
 dered, that none fhould be allowed to 
 do it, till they were examined by the 
 Profeflor, and by him approved. This 
 Unskilfulnefs of Perfons running in fo 
 great Numbers to ftudy. Phyfick, gave 
 Rife to the College of Physicians at London* 
 The Vifitors alfo at .the fame Time 
 made fome Regulations about the Elec- 
 tions of Proftors, and their Offices; 
 and becaufe the Latine Tongue was grown 
 very much into Difufe, they commanded 
 that certain Latine Sermons fliould be 
 preached in that Tongue, according to the- 
 ancient Statutes, and Cuftoms of the 
 Univerfity. The King alfo at this Time 
 reftored to the Univerfity, all the Char- 
 ters, and Liberties that had been lodg- 
 ed in his Hands fome Years before, with, 
 his Confirmation of them, and an In- 
 }unUon to all his Subje&s to obferve the- 
 fame ; and though he revoked the Force 
 of all Charters, and Bulls granted to- 
 this Univerfity by feveral Popes, that 
 he might thoroughly extirpate all papal 
 Jurifdiftion from this Univerfity, as well 
 as from the other Parts of the Realm ;, 
 yet he ratified all the Rights, and Pri- 
 vileges, which accrued to the Univerfi- 
 ty from thence, and eftablifhed them 
 to the Students, by virtue of his Royal 
 Authority, by the Name of the antient. 
 Rights, and Cuftoms of the Univerfity.. 
 In the Time of this.Vifiration, the Stu- 
 dents in Abhorrence of Popery, pulled 
 down all. the Inn-keepers Signs reprcfcn-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 28* 
 
 ting tlie Effigies of any Pope, and broke challenging Peter Martyr \ \\lio was then 
 
 all fuch Paintings in Windows, racing the the King's Profeflbr of Divinity, to 
 
 Name of the Pope, out of all their Difpntation, which was at length accept- 
 
 Mafs-Books. ed, but fcrved for no other Ufe, but 
 
 Nothing memorable more occurs to to crown both Sides with Lawrels in 
 
 the laft Year of this King's Reign, and their own Imagination, a.s is the com- 
 
 and therefore we fhall conclude it with a mon Event of fuch Debates. One cer- 
 
 brief Reprefentation of the State of tain Eifeft it produced, it fet all the. 
 
 Learning at this Time. The King him- Univerfity in a Flame, Papifts, and Pro- 
 
 felf, was undoubtedly the moft munifi- teftants continually wrangling, and con- 
 
 cent Patron of Learning, of all our tending for their Tcnefs. When thefe 
 
 Princes, and by his Example encoura- Difturbances were heard of at Court* 
 
 ged many others to promote the flou- it was inftantly refolved on by the King 
 
 rifhing Condition of the Univerfity; in Council, that there fhould be a Vifita- 
 
 but at this Time their Glory was ftrange- tion of the Univerfity, to- fettle the 
 
 ly eclipfed, by thefe Means, viz- i.The Scholars in Religion, and 1 to reform; 
 
 fudden Fall of Cardinal Wolfey, who was every Thing amifs ; and ta that End, 
 
 fo great a Lover of Learning, that he thefe Perfons were appointed Commit- 
 
 fpared no Cofts, or Pains, to bring this (loners, viz. John Dudley, Earl of War- 
 
 Univerfity to the moft flouriming State. <wick, Lord Great Chamberlain, Henry 
 
 z. The Plague, and other epidemick Holbeach Bifhop -of Lincoln, and Nicholas 
 
 Difeafes, happening here no lefs than Heath Bifhop of Rocbefter, Sir William 
 
 twelve Times in this King's Reign. 3. Paget, Controller of the King's Houf- 
 
 The Diflolution of the Monaftcries, hold, Sir William Petre, Secretary of 
 
 which did many of them by voluntary State, Richard Cox, Dean of Chrijt- Church, 
 
 Contributions, and large Exhibitions, Simon Haynes, Dean of Exeter, CKriftopfcr 
 
 maintain many Students. Nay, 4 The Ke-pefin, Doftor of La-ws, and Richard- 
 
 very Stipends, that the King had fettled Morifon, Efq; to whom the King, and 
 
 on Le&urers here, were detained by his Lord Proteftor, with their Council, gave 
 
 rapacious Courtiers; yet the Univerfity Order and Licenfe; 
 wanted not fome learned Men, as Grocyn, 
 
 Lynacre, Latimer, Tunflal, Lilly, and Colet. i. To vifTt all and frngnlar the Ccrf- 
 
 Anno 1547, King Edward VI. came to leges, Halls, Hoftels, and other Places. 
 
 the Throne, fo young, that the Admi- fet a-part for fcholaftick Exercifes, us- 
 
 niftration of the publick Affairs was well Exempt, as not Exempt; and all 
 
 committed to his Uncle, Edward Sey- the Matters, Prefidents-, Wardens, and 
 
 mour, Duke of Somerfet, under the Stile Rc&ors therein inhabiting; and inquire- 
 
 and Title of Prote&or of the Kingdom. fnto their Converfations, Studies v and 
 
 As to what concerns this Univerfity in Behaviour; and if any are found viti- 
 
 this Reign, we find the Scholars much ous, fluggifli, or any Ways culpable, to 
 
 divided among thcmfelves, what Reli- punifh them with Su-fpenfion, or Difcom- 
 
 gion they Ihould follow; Part expe&ing moning, or any other Way that they 
 
 that Popery mould be reftored, and Part lliould judge convenient ; and if any of 
 
 hoping that the Reformation would be them prove contumacious, or rebellious,. 
 
 compleatcd ; and many being indifFe- to excommunicate them, or imprilbn- 
 
 rent to both, and waiting to fee which them. 
 
 would get uppcrmoft. Archbifliop Cran- 2-. To convert fbch Monies as- arc- 
 
 wier, who was very zealous to carry on given to Fcafting.s, or Lefiures, to fuah. 
 
 the Reformation, had juft before fent other L r fes as are more convenient ; and 
 
 for Peter Martyr, and placed him in the fuch Monies, and Stipends, as are gi- 
 
 Chair, to the great Regret of the Pa- ven to Chorifrers, and Chantors, or 
 
 pi6s r who were moft bold,, and forward, employed in teaching Children^ to main- 
 
 caia
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 286 , 
 
 tain fuch Fellows, and Scholars, as may 
 reach Philofophy in the fame, or other 
 (Colleges, not preferring any that are 
 not well qualified. 
 
 3. To fupply all Vacancies \virh fit 
 Perfons, and to change the Glianteries 
 of every College into Exhibitions, for 
 the Maintenance of poor Scholars ; and 
 to unite two or more Colleges, though 
 of a Royal Foundation, if they find it 
 for the Benefit of the Univerfity. 
 
 4. To make new Statures, and Orders, 
 for the better Government of the Uni- 
 verfity, and annex Punishments to the 
 Violators of them ; and if they found 
 any Cuftoms not warrantable, to difan- 
 nul them, confulting the Honour, as 
 v.ell as Good, of fo Reverend a Body. 
 
 5. To impofe the Oath of Allegiance 
 *o the King, and his Heirs ; and for 
 abjuring the pretended and feigned Au- 
 thority of the Bifliop of Rome, and all 
 
 -other Oaths required by Law. 
 
 <J. To call Congregations of the Heads 
 of the Univerfity, to aflift you in the 
 Execution of the Commiflion, that all 
 Things may be reformed, and fettled, 
 v/hether mentioned, or not mentioned 
 in it. And becaufe the Study of the 
 Civil Law was much difufed, they had 
 *n Order to revive, and reftore it all the 
 Ways they could, and appoint a Phyfick 
 College in fome convenient Place. 
 
 ^Thefe Vifitors loon after went down 
 to Oxford, and Dr. Peter Martyr, preach- 
 ed a Sermon before, them, upon John 
 xvi. l?. Verily ', verily, I fay unto you, 
 *w'hatfoever ye foatt ask tie Father in my 
 Name, he iv'iil give It you. From which, 
 turning his Speech to the Delegates, he 
 ikid that the Time was now come, 
 -which all good Men defired in this 
 Unrverfity, that it flvould be purged 
 from all Irregularities, and Diforders, 
 nd made a Nurfery for good Learning 
 And Piety, to the great Advantage of 
 The Church, and Schools, by fettling 
 luc'h a Difcipline, as may fit Men for 
 *he Service of God, and Advancement 
 of -all ingenuous Arts, fyc. He Ijpake 
 Things alfo againft the .papal Doc- 
 
 trines, which did not at all pleafe. The 
 The Vifitors after this applied them- 
 felves to their Bufinefs. And firft inqui- 
 ring into the State, Revenues, and 
 Converfation of the Fellows, and Scho- 
 lars of every College, moft of them, 
 who held the Protcftant Doftrines fled, 
 and durlt not ftand the Teft, particular- 
 ly in New, and Magdalene College, and 
 Chrift-Chnrcb. Their Removing of the 
 idle, and leud Scholars, was very plea- 
 fing to the Citizens ; but they were as 
 much difpleafed in their depriving the 
 Choriftcrs of their Stipends, becaufe 
 they were moft of them their Children ; 
 but this Grievance being reprefented 
 to the King, and his Council, was by 
 the Mediation of fome Nobles, mitiga- 
 ted to their Content. Some Motions 
 were made about uniting fome Colleges, 
 which had but fmall Revenues; but 
 they were over-ruled, either by the 
 Majority of Votes, or a Probability of 
 a fpeedy Increafe of their Revenues, 
 by the Gift of Abbey Lands. The 
 Chantry Lands were fome of them turn- 
 ed into Exhibitions, but many of them 
 were otherwife difpofed of; what was 
 done about the encouraging the Study 
 of the Civil Law, and Phyfick, we find 
 not. Having finifhed thefe Things, the 
 Vifitors quite altered the Form of Go- 
 vernment in this Univerfity, (as they 
 did alfo at Cambridge) by abolifhing the 
 old Rites of Divine Worfliip, and im- 
 pofing new Bodies of Statutes, called 
 Statttta EJvardina, or King Edward's 
 Statutes, which continued in Force, and 
 Vigour, till the prefent Body of Sta- 
 tutes, ftiled Laud's Statutes, were enac- 
 ted, and confirmed. At this Time, a 
 prodigious Number of Books, treating 
 of School-Divinity, were condemned 
 to be burnt, by the Orders of the Vifi- 
 tors, as being the Occafion ; and Sup- 
 port of the Popifli Superftition, which 
 to find out, the College Libraries were 
 all ranfacked, and many valuable Books, 
 and MSS. pillaged, or cmbezilled, to the 
 great Lofc of the Learned. The papal 
 Bulls alfo, and Grants, were among 
 Muniments relating to the Uai- 
 
 vcrfity,
 
 XF O R 2) SHIR E. 
 
 rerfity, feired and taken away, which 
 fo far erefted tlie Minds of the Citizens, 
 that they openly infuhed the Scholars; 
 and had it not been for the ftrenuous 
 Oppofmon to their Defigns made by Dr. 
 Goodrich then Bifhop of Ely, and Dr. 
 Cox the Chancellor, twas thought, the 
 Univerfity had at this Time been made 
 fubje& to the Government of the Ctty. 
 
 But though the Univerfity efcaped 
 that Tyranny, yet it almofi loft the 
 Name, by its ftrange Lofs of Scholars, 
 who affrighted with the fudcien, and un- 
 expe&ed Changes, which in their Opi- 
 nion portended a kind of Defolation to 
 follow, bid adieu in general to the Uni- 
 verfity, chufing rather to hear of the 
 Ruin of their Mother at a Diltance, 
 than be Spe&ators of it, which indeed 
 fo far mitigated their Grief, that it was 
 tolerable at a Diftance, which they could 
 not have born nearer; for fuch llrange 
 Alterations followed, that there fcarce 
 remained any Foot-fteps of an Uni- 
 verfity ; for four or five Schools, 
 which ftood on the South Side of the 
 Divinity Schools, and belonged to cer- 
 tain Colleges, were bought by the Townf- 
 men, who pulled them down, and added 
 the Ground they ftood on to their Gar- 
 dens, and built them Houfes with the 
 Timber, and Tiles. In the Schools of 
 Arts, built by Mr. Thomas Hvkenortcn in 
 King Henry VI's Days, the Laundrefles 
 dried their Linen, the Land thereunto 
 belonging being turned into a Garden 
 alfo, becaufe the Vilitors had taken 
 away the Lent Deputations, for which 
 thole Schools were chiefly ufed. As to 
 thel'e who by their Encouragement a&ed 
 the Part of Reformers, their Zeal 
 through hatred to the Romanifts, who 
 before had perfecuted them with the ut- 
 moft Rigour, came little fhort of Mad- 
 nefs ; for they accounted the Philoib- 
 phical Terms ufed in difputing, (be- 
 cauie they hud been pradnfed by the 
 Papiits) not only vain, but fnperftitious, 
 difpifed the old Exercife, and difap- 
 proved the. Academical Degrees, asAmi- 
 ehn'ltiiinifm, which was the Reafoft that 
 fome would not venture to fake them, 
 
 thinking, that the Church in thefe Con- 
 fufions would be quite extinft; and o- 
 tliers who hoped better, were unwilling 
 upon Hazards to fpend their Money. 
 In fine, fuch was the Impiety of the 
 Delegates, that the whole Univerfity 
 Was turned into Stables for Hones, and 
 Aflcs, which Fat was juftified by faying, 
 That when the Cctteges flood, they ivere 
 Stews for the Profit utes of the Wkore of 
 Babylon, and the Schools were the Shrines of 
 Devils. To conclude, this was the State 
 of this Univerfity. The Treafury, 
 which was full of rich Plate, Money, 
 and other Rarities, given by feve- 
 ral Benefaftors, were either taken 
 away, and purloined by the Authors of 
 the Reformation of the Univerfity, or 
 carried away by Papifts, when they left 
 the University without Hopes or Re- 
 turning, 
 
 Anno 1553, The turbulent Reign of 
 King Edward VI. came to an End, and 
 his Sifter Queen Mary, after fome feeble 
 Oppofition came to the Throne. She 
 endeavoured to reftore the Pope's Su- 
 premacy, and Religion in England, and 
 did fome Things, which feemed to con- 
 duce much to the Advantage, and Rc- 
 eftablifhment of this Univerfity ; for 
 firft, me procured the late Oaths impo- 
 fed upon the Scholars here, for the Ab- 
 rogating of the Pope's Supremacy, 
 fhould be no longer taken by the Preli- 
 dent, or Fellows of Colleges, fending 
 her Alandate about it to the Society of 
 Magdalene College, becaufe they had in 
 the late Reign been the jrreateft Suffer- 
 ers by it. After this Encouragement 
 given by the Queen, the Univerfity- 
 Men who were recalled, together with 
 the Townfmen, took great Pains to fee 
 up the Roman .Rites, and Ufages again, 
 whofe Zeal Queen Mary was fo well 
 pleafed with, that fhe thought to make 
 them fome Requital, by fettling the 
 Meetings of Parliament among them ; 
 but fhe altered her Mind, and called 
 the Parliament to meet at Weftminjler ; 
 however to encourage her Loyal, and 
 Dutiful Oxonians, fhe, as a nurfing Mo- 
 ther to fhe Univcrfiry, gave them fevc- 
 
 ral
 
 XF R > SHI R E. 
 
 ral Re&orics, viz. of South Pether<win in 
 Carnival, Seyfon in Leicefterfiire, and Holm- 
 cvltrum with the Chapel of Newton-Ar- 
 Jocb in Cumberland, the firft of which had 
 belonged a little before to the Priory of 
 Qlvefcroft in Cornwal, and the laft to the 
 Abbey of Hohncuhvum ; fhe alfo repaired 
 the Schools, and fitted them for the 
 Academical Exercifes, as formerly, and 
 ordered that the antient Statutes fnould 
 be again in the fame Force as ever. 
 However nothing yet being fettled in 
 Parliament, the Uciverfity was divided 
 into two Parties, Proteftants, and Pa- 
 pifts ; the latter indeed bringing in their 
 popifa Mafs into the Churches with 
 Boldnefs, the former ncverthelefs not 
 defifting from the Ufe of the English Li- 
 turgy, though they had not any Belief, 
 that they Should enjoy it longer than 
 the next Meeting of the Parliament, 
 which was approaching ; but in the mean 
 Time the Queen's Councils and Defigns 
 were known, and the Heads of Colleges 
 did think it neceflary to fend a Congra- 
 tulatory Epiftle to her Majefty, which 
 they appointed Mr. John Jewel to corn- 
 pole, with a Defign either to anger the 
 popifh Parry, or alienate his own from 
 him ; but he deceived all their Hopes, 
 by a dubious and obfcure Way of Ex- 
 p'reflioTi, which was approved of by Dr. 
 "Tvefram the .Commiflary, and' the other 
 Dofrors, and was very well accepted by 
 the Queen; but when Mr. Jewel wrote 
 it, he had Hopes that the Queen would 
 make no changes in Religion. 
 
 A little after this, Peter Martyr left 
 the University, and his Profetlorfliip, 
 iand fled to Lambeth, bcczufe Trejham had 
 fexhorted the young Scholars, efpecudly 
 thofe of Ckrift-Cfatrcb, to affront him, 
 which he found, he could not otherwife 
 avoid. Some Confutations were held 
 about imprisoning him, but he having 
 toad the publick faith engaged for his 
 Security, when he came nrft into Eng- 
 land, it was thought unjuft to do it ; and 
 fo Dr. Stephen Gardiner, who was now 
 Lord Chancellor, whether it was out of 
 Refpet to his Learning, or to get rid 
 of fuch a valiant Adversary, furnifhcd 
 
 him with all NecefTaries, and fent him 
 away. After his Departure the Schools 
 grew empty, his Hearers who ufed to 
 write down his Le&ures, not daring to 
 appear, or being fled into the Country. 
 When Peter Martyr left Oxford, he heard 
 the Bell in Corpus Chrifti College to toll 
 to Vefpers, and when he was told that 
 many of the Scholars were forward to 
 attend, he is reported to have faid with 
 a Sigh, This little Be/I hath overturned all 
 my Doflrine: with Peter Martyr, many 
 others left Oxford, and followed him 
 into foreign Parts, as John Fox, Tho. 
 Bentham, Dean of Magdalene College, (and 
 afterwards Bifhop of Litchfeld and Ccw- 
 try} Thomas Rickley Warden of Merton 
 College, and afterwards Bifhop of Chi- 
 chefter, Saul Humphry;, and feveral o- 
 thers, fbme to Ftankjort, others to Geneva, 
 &c. 
 
 The Queen having now declared her- 
 felf, Dr. Stephen Gardiner Bifliop of 
 Winchejler, fent Delegates to vifit the 
 Colleges of this Univerfity, that were 
 under his Jurifdi&ion, as New College, 
 Corpus Chrijli, and Magdalene; Sir Rich- 
 ard Read, Kt. and Dr. Walter Wright, 
 Archdeacon of Oxford, were the Chief 
 of thefe Vifitors. Out of New College 
 they expelled feme few, the major Part 
 having before left it, becaufe they would 
 not conform themfelves to the popifh. 
 Doftrines, and Superftitions ; yet Mafs 
 was here let up again, and fome came 
 to it for Fear of Punimment, which was 
 ordered to be inflifted feverely upon 
 fuch as fhould neglcft it. From hence 
 the Vifitors went to Magdalene College, 
 a'nd reckoning up what was done to the 
 Papilts in the laft Reign, ejefted four-* 
 teen Fellows. Dr. Haddon, who had but 
 lately obtained the Mafterfhip, laid it 
 down, preferring a good Conference be- 
 fore all the Honour and Wealth in the 
 World. Thomas Bentham was now Dean, 
 and when Sir Richard R"ad commanded 
 him to mul& the young Scholars for 
 being abfent from Maf's, he anfwcred, 
 It had much grieved him, that he profejfed 
 kimfetf a Pap'ifi in King Hem y V Ill's 
 Reign, againjl kit own Sentiments, . and he 
 
 would
 
 XFO R <D S H IR E. 
 
 would never return to the fame Worfiip, and 
 be thought it unjujl to punijl) thofe, who were 
 of his Judgment. Whereupon he was 
 expelled the Society, with John Fox, 
 Laurence Humphreys, and others, who were 
 refolute Defenders of the Proteftant 
 Do&rines. They celebrated Mafs alfo 
 here, but becaufe none of the Fellows, 
 or Scholars, no nor fo much as the 
 Clerks, and Chorifters would officiate in 
 their Places, they made Ufe of their 
 Attendants to do it, and as to the Scho- 
 lars they either difcommoned them, or 
 whipped them. In Corpus Chrifti College 
 they met with no Difficulties, for the 
 Mailer, and Fellows, prefenrly conform- 
 ed to the papal PraSifes, only Mr. 
 Jewel who was the greateft Ornament of 
 the College, withdrew himfelf, and left 
 his Place. 
 
 Queen Mary, this Year, for the 
 Advancement of Learning, confirmed 
 the ancient, as well as modern Sta- 
 tutes of this Univerfity, and becaufe 
 the Town Bailiffs had hindred the High 
 Steward of the Univerfity, going into 
 their Guild Hall, to hear the Caufe of 
 one Garnet, of Baliol, who was accufed 
 of Felony, a Decree was made in the 
 Star-Chamber by the Lords of the Coun- 
 cil, that the Chancellor, and Matters of 
 Oxford, mould for the future have free 
 Ingrefs into the faid Hall, to hold their 
 accuftomed Court- Leets, under the Pe- 
 nalty of two Hundred Pounds to be im- 
 pofed upon every Citizen oppofing the 
 lame. But whereas King Henry VIII. 
 had by his Charter commanded, that 
 no Victuals mould be taken by his Pur- 
 veyors within twenty Miles of this City, 
 unlcis he came thither himfelf, it was 
 now by the Parliament reftrained to 
 five Miles from Oxford only, which was 
 one Reafon, why Oxford this Year la- 
 boured under fuch a Scarcity of Provi- 
 fions, that whole Societies were forced 
 to go into the Country to iupport them- 
 ielves, till there fliould be greater 
 Plenty. 
 
 In the very Beginning of this Year 
 1555, Archbifhop Cranmer, who had been 
 in Prifon fome Time io the Tower, 
 
 with diverfc other Peers for fubfcribing 
 King Edward VI's Will, whereby Q- 
 Mary was disinherited of the Crown, 
 was carried down to Oxford, to vindicate 
 himfelf by Way of Disputation from 
 the Charge of Herefy laid againlt him, 
 by the Queen and her Council. HG 
 was imprilbned for High Treafon ; but 
 the Peers concerned with him being 
 pardoned, me could not be fo partial, 
 as not to exempt him, who upon a ftrit 
 Examination was found unwillingly 
 brought to it ; however becaufe he had 
 been a Chief Inltrument in the Divorce 
 of her Mother, and a zealous Oppofer 
 of her Religion, me with the Bifhops 
 framed a Charge of Herefy againft him 
 to work his Deltru&ion ; and to do it 
 under fome Shews of Juftice, fent hint 
 hither, that if the Learned could not 
 convince him of his Errors, he might 
 fuflfer, as an obftinate Heretick, which 
 at laft they effefted, as may be fcen m 
 the Account of his Martyrdom in Nci- 
 tinghamjlrire, where he was born. 
 
 Cardinal Pole, who had been made 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury in the fore- 
 going Year 1 555, fent down, by virtue 
 of his Legatine Power, certain Perfons 
 of Eminency for their Learning and 
 Piety, viz. James Brakes, Bifhop ofGIou- 
 cejler, Nicholas Ormanet, Pope MarceUus's 
 Datary, Henry Cole, Provoft of Eat or, 
 Dr. Rob. Morwent, Prefident of Corpus, 
 Chrifti College, and Walter Wright, Dr. 
 of Laws, Archdeacon of Oxford, to vific 
 this Univerfity, and to inquire of the 
 Scholars about thirty Articles, of which 
 thefe two were the moft comprehensive, 
 and chief, viz.. 
 
 1. Whether the Founders Statures, 
 and other laudable Cuftoms of the Uni- 
 verfity, and of the feveral Colleges, and 
 Halls, are obferved by all, and Singular 
 the Perfbns, who are concerned fo to do. 
 And if the Anfwcr be negative, then 
 that it be named particularly, which is 
 not obferved, and for what Reafon. 
 
 2. Whether in the Time of the Schifm 
 any Thing had been appointed, or 
 brought in Ufe, that was contrary to the 
 O o former
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 former Canonical InftruSions, and was 
 prejudicial to the antient Statutes of the 
 Founders, their other Privileges, and 
 Cuftoms ; and if it be anfwered affirma- 
 tively, then it fhould be demanded, 
 what thole Things were, and for what 
 Reafon, &c. 
 
 What thefe Commiffioners did, per- 
 haps may be too long to fet down at 
 length, wherefore we ihall give this 
 ftort Account of their A&ions, viz* 
 They ejected all fuch Perfons as had 
 been in the former Reign, moft zealous 
 in oppofing their Romijlj Doctrine s and 
 Worfhip ; and having by a diligent 
 Search found out all the ~Englfy Bibles 
 with the Comments upon them in the 
 Ikme Language, they burnt them toge- 
 ther in the open Market-Place. All 
 Beoks alfo written by Proteftants to ju- 
 iHfy their Doftrines, they caft out of 
 the publick Libraries ; and if they 
 found any of them in the Scholars Stu- 
 dies, they burnt them, and punifticd the 
 Owners, either with certain Mul&s, or 
 expelled them the Univerfity. Further 
 alfo, they were very diligent by all 
 Means to find out fuch as differed from 
 them in Points of Religion, (whom they 
 called Hereticks) infomuch, that all 
 fuch, as held the Reformed Doctrines 
 were forced to fly, or hide tbemlelvcs ; 
 and when they had thus done, they re- 
 turned and gave the Cardinal an Ac- 
 count of what they had tranfaftcd, and 
 particularly of a Defeft in the Statutes 
 of the Univerfity. 
 
 In the latter. End of this Year, the 
 Chancellorship of the Univerficy hap- 
 pened to be vacant by the Refignation 
 of Sir Richard MafotJy Kt. whereupon 
 Cardinal Pole was unanimoufly chofe 
 Chancellor. The firft Thing he let 
 about, was to repair the Defeft in the 
 Statutes before complained pf, and re- 
 duce, them to the Alodel of Popery, 
 which .he fent down in an old Book, 
 which had been difufed in King Edward 
 Vl's Time to Dr. Reynalds, his Vice- 
 chancellor, ordering that they fiiould be 
 obferycd, till certa : n Delegates by him 
 
 appointed, fliould confider which of 
 them were fit to be retained, and which, 
 abrogated. Thefe Delegates were chofen 
 out of the Heads of Colleges, and Lec- 
 turers, and were in Number fifteen , 
 viz,- four Divines, two Cononifts, five 
 Civilians, and four' Philofophers, or 
 Artifts, who having perufed them, and 
 thoroughly confidered them, confirmed' 
 them by the Authority of the Chancellor 
 and Convocation," and having promul- 
 gated them, engaged the Scholars to a 
 ftrit Obfervation of them ; and becaufe 
 they were very rigid in requiring the 
 Performance of the papal Worfhip, 
 they drove away all the Scholars, that 
 inclined to the Reformation, which 
 made the Univerfity very empty. 
 
 While thefe Things were doing, the 
 Vifitors, (who ftill continued in the Uni- 
 verfity) Were ordered to inquire into 
 the Manners, and Religion of Katharine 
 Cathie^ or Damp Martin^ Peter Martyr's 
 Wife, who died about four Years before, 
 and was buried, in Chrift-Church, near St. 
 Frldefwlde's Shrine ; and, if they could 
 find her guilty of Herefy while flie.was 
 alive, (which they did not Doubt of) 
 to burn her Body. According to their 
 Order they fummoned all, that they 
 could find to have had any Acquain- 
 tance with her, and examined them up- 
 on Oath, but could get no other anfwer, 
 than this, That they did not underftand 
 the Language ftie fpoke, and fo could 
 not know her Religion. Whereupon 
 they wrote to the Cardinal, that they 
 coukl difcover no Caufe for burning of 
 her. The Cardinal however did not 
 give over the Profecution, but after 
 fome Time fends down his Letters to 
 Dr. Martial, Dean of ChriJl-Church, that 
 flie being an Heretick, ought not to be 
 allowed to, lye near the Bones of Sri 
 Fridefivide, and ordered, that he Ihould 
 dig up her Body, and caft it out of 
 Chriftian Burial, which the Doftor was 
 very officious to perform, and jn the 
 Evening after he received ' them , 
 caufed her Body to be dug up and buri- 
 ed in a Dunghill. There flic lay, till 
 Queen EUialetb came to the Throne, 
 
 foon
 
 X F R 7J S H I R E. 
 
 291 
 
 foon after which Archbifhop Parker, and 
 Dr. Grindal ordered her Body to be remo- 
 ved, and repofi ted in a more decent Place, 
 rill they could provide a more folemn 
 Burial for it. This Office was put into 
 the Hands of the Subdean, Mr. Calf bill, 
 who took her up, and laid her with 
 Care in the former Grave, fo near St. 
 Fridefwide's Bones, that they became 
 mixed with hers. But this Sepulture 
 not being thought a fufficient Compen- 
 f&tion for the Difgrace the Papills had 
 put upon her, fhe was buried a third 
 Time, with a great Confluence of Peo- 
 ple attending her Corpfe, and a Sermon 
 made at her -Interment, in Commenda- 
 tion of her Virtues, which Mr. Rogerfon 
 feconded at St. Mary's the next Sunday, 
 in his Sermon upon the Gofpel. Some 
 Scholar made this Epitaph on her, 
 
 We Requitfcit Religio cum Snperftitiotie* 
 
 Here lies Religion 
 Buried with Superftition. 
 
 The State of Learning in this Reign 
 was very mean, if not contemptible. 
 Ingenuous Arts, efpecially the School- 
 Divinity, (which had been ncgle&ed in 
 King Edward's Days) were now almoft 
 aboliflied, the Magittrates, and Heads 
 of the Univerfity, minding nothing but 
 to recover the Revenues of their Soci- 
 eties, and creft the Buildings. The 
 Divinity-Schools were never fo much as 
 opened, all this Queerr's Reign ; the 
 Stipend of the Profeflbrs being employ- 
 ed to repair the Schools. There was 
 hardly one Sermon preached in a Month, 
 the public k Readers, either through 
 Lazinefs, -or Ignorance, neglcHng to do 
 their Office. The Greek Tongue grew 
 quite out of Ufe, and though the Papifts 
 had, (as they thought) eftablifhed their 
 \Vorfhip fo firmly, as never again to be 
 rooted out, yet Learning was fo much 
 defpifed, and the Encouragements were 
 fo mean, that no Man exerted any En- 
 deavours after it. Infomuch, that in the 
 fix Years, which this Queen reigned, 
 there was but thrcj Inceptors in Divi- 
 
 nity, eleven in the Civil Law, and fix 
 in Phyfick ; yet there wanted Jiot fome 
 few in this Reign, who were famous for 
 Philofophical, and Logical Difputations, 
 as John Raftal, and Ed-ward Branitarc-rj 
 of New College, William AMyn of OrieJ, 
 who leaving the Univerfity in the Be- 
 ginning of Queen Elizabeth's Reign, was 
 made a Cardinal of the Title of St. 
 Martin in the Mountains, and jfohn Herni- 
 man of the fame College ; David Hyde of 
 Merton, who was a skilful LatiniJ} and 
 Grecian, and was eminent for his Elo- 
 quence, and Jafper Hayivood of the fame 
 College, who was reputed a good Poet 
 and Philofopher; but when Queen Eli- 
 zabeth reftored the Reformed Religion, 
 he being then Fellow of All Souls, fled 
 beyond Sea and became a Jeluit, in 
 which ProfefliO:i he died. He was the 
 Son of John Heywocd, a Poet of Note in 
 King Henry VIII's Reign, and Sir John 
 Wottey of the fame College ; Francis El- 
 lington of All Souls, who was Pro&or in 
 3557, and afterwards was Mafter of 
 Lincoln College, and Margaret Profelfor; 
 Robert Wood a skilful Logician of Baliol ; 
 Richard Edwards of Corpus, a good Co- 
 median and Mufician ; and Anthony At- 
 kins, and Chriftopher Hargrave, admired 
 Difputants. Magdalene, and Chrift- Church, 
 were famous only for Eloquence, and 
 had no Genius for Difputations; but all 
 thefe were but a few of many, who gave 
 themfelves up to Sottifhnefs and Idlenefs, 
 to the great Difgrace of the Univer- 
 fity. 
 
 Queen Mary dying Anno 1558, Eliza- 
 beth her Siller came to the Throne by 
 Right of Inheritance ; Upon her Accef- 
 fion the Univerfity put on a new Form, 
 to the great Joy and Satisfaction of the 
 Proteftants, which rhe popiih Party as 
 yet looked upon to be without Caule, 
 becaufe they had fome Hopes that the 
 Queen would confirm their Religion ; 
 and on that Account in fome Colleges 
 took upon them to punifh fuch Scholars, 
 as Shewed a more than ordinary For- 
 wardnefs to Change, efpecially fuch, as 
 fpake againft the Sacrament of the Al- 
 lar; bur the Scholars on the orher Side., 
 O o -z . efpecially
 
 O XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 efpecially in M.ap,dxlee College, not be- 
 ing unmindful of what they had futicr- 
 ed from the R.manijlt in Queen Mary's 
 Reign, fought all Opportunities of vex- 
 ing and molerting them, ridiculing their 
 Priefts for their fhorn Heads, and threat- 
 ning them if they dare to uphold their 
 Mafs. Several of the Leading Men of the 
 Univerfity being tired with thcfe, and 
 other rude Infults, withdrew themfelvcs 
 from the Univerfity, rcfolving to live 
 privately for the prefent, till it fliould 
 appear to what Party her Majcfty would 
 joyn. Doftor Trefoam upon the Death 
 of Cardinal Pole, (who departed this 
 Life the fame Day with Queen Mary} 
 became thereby Chancellor, and think- 
 ing it is Duty, according to Cuftom, to 
 congratulate her Majefty upon her Ac- 
 ceflion to the Throne, called a Con- 
 vocation to conftilt about it ; and it 
 being readily approved of, and agreed 
 on, it was drawn up in Writing, and 
 font to London by the fud Chancellor, 
 attended with Several Heads of Colleges, 
 and prefented to the Queen, who re- 
 ceiving it gracioufiy, gave them large 
 Aflurances of her Royal Inclinations 
 to Learning, and efpecially of her Fa- 
 vour to this Univerfity, which flic gave 
 an ample Demonftration of the next 
 Year in Parliament, by pafling an Aft 
 remitting to the Univerfities of Oxford, 
 and Cambridge, the Payment of firft 
 Fruits, and Tenths for ever; and foon 
 after in the fame Manner, exempting 
 them from being charged with Subfidies 
 of Tenths, and Fifteenths, for all their 
 Tempoialities, or Lay Fees. Ringing 
 upon St. Hugh's Day for the Queen's 
 Acceflion, began this Year, and -was 
 continued all her Reign, and longer. 
 
 The Queen having a Defign to vifit 
 this Univerfity this Year 1559, was 
 haftcned hither fooner than flic intend- 
 ed, by feme Letters which flic received 
 from the Heads of Houfes, complaining 
 to her, what ill Treatment the Prote- 
 ftants had from the Papifts, whereupon 
 flie wrote back to the Univerfity Magi- 
 ftrates, commanding them to ufe, (Chrijli- 
 *r.t Rdighnii Cultores t the Profeflbrs of the 
 
 Chriftian Religion, for fo flic termed) the 
 Protcftants, in all private and publick 
 Affairs, with Kindnefs and Civility ; and 
 forbidding any Ele&ions of Mafters, Fel- 
 lows, or Scholars, to any Offices, as 
 alfo all Alienations, and Exchanges of 
 Ettates, except it be for fome neceflfaiy 
 Improvement) till fuch Time, as there 
 fliould be held a folemn Vifitation, 
 which flie purpofed fliortly to fet on 
 foot, as flie did a few Months after per- 
 form. The Delegates were Dr. Richard 
 Cox, Bifhop of Ely, Sir John Mafon, .Kt. 
 formerly Fellow of All Souls, Sir Tfjomas 
 "Benger, Kt. William Klnefmitt, Efq; John 
 Warner, Matter of All Souls, Walter 
 Wright, Doftor of Laws, Archdeacon of 
 Oxford, John Watfon, Maftcr of Arts, 
 Chancellor of St. Paul's, London, and 
 Robert Eynge, Efq; whom flie command- 
 ed to treat all Peribns gently, and avoid 
 all Sharpnefs, as the only Way to gain 
 upon the Scholars. What the Articles 
 were, which they were to proceed upon, 
 we find not, but oblervc that they had 
 Power to confer Offices, and eje& all 
 Peribns, that would not renounce the 
 popifli Do&rines, and Superftitions, to 
 recal all fuch Peribns as had been ba- 
 niflied, or forced to fly upon the Ac- 
 count of Religion, and re-cftablifli King 
 Edward's Statutes. In all which Refpe&s 
 they behaved themfelvcs fo moderately, 
 and difcreetly, that the Univerfity gave 
 her Majcfty Thanks for allowing them 
 fuch Authority. The Perfons deprived 
 by thcfc Vifitors were, Dr. Richard Mar- 
 tial, Dean of Chr'tjl-Church, who refufing 
 to fubmit to the Authority of the De- 
 legates, was carried to London and im- 
 prifoned ; Dr. William Trejham, Canon 
 of the fame College, becaule he refufed 
 to take the Oath of Supremacy to the 
 Queen ; Dr. Richard Smith, of the fame 
 College, who afterward became Dean 
 of St. Peter at Doway. He was a zealous 
 Defender of the Romijli DoGrincs, and 
 died Anno 1563, Dr. Tho. Reynolds, Ma- 
 fter of Merton, who died in Prifon, and 
 feveral other Mafters, and Fellows of 
 Colleges, too numerous to be particu- 
 larly recounted in this Place ; yet fome 
 4 there
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 there were, who had before been de- 
 prived for refilling to take the Oath of 
 Supremacy, but now conformed. 
 
 But nocwithltanding all the provident 
 Care of this wife Princefs to reform this 
 Univerfity in Point of Religion, as well 
 as Difciplinc, fome, and thofe not a 
 few, retained an Atfefrion for the Ro- 
 mijl) Ceremonies, and VVorfhip, and par- 
 ticularly Merton College, where the 
 Vice-Maftcr, William Jin//, took upon 
 him to bring in the Courfe of Roman 
 Devotions, which had been ufcd from 
 'the Eve of AU Saints, to the Purification 
 of the Virgin Mary, and by his Encou- 
 ragement the Protcftants were much in- 
 jured, and abufcd ; but their Infolence 
 was foon reprcfled by the Archbifliop, 
 who lent them a Matter of a more mo- 
 derate Temper, and expelled Hall; and 
 fo the remaining Roots of Popery were 
 killed, which tis to be feared, had there 
 been any Hopes of a popifh Succeflbr, 
 (as was endeavoured by fbme, who caft 
 their Eyes upon Mary Queen of Scots) 
 would not fo eafily have been done, if 
 at all. The Queen was fenfible of this, 
 and to that End made ufe of all proper 
 Methods to reftore this Univerfity to a 
 flourishing State ; for fhe at the Inter- 
 cefllon of the Heads of Colleges, refol- 
 ved to give no Difpenfations, and caufed 
 Laws to be made about the regular 
 Way of taking Degrees, efpecially in 
 Divinity and Phyfick. She alfo ordered 
 the Proftors to choofe out fome of the 
 fitteft Men in the Univerfity, to make 
 fome Statutes about the Lectures, and' 
 other Exercifes, that they might be per- 
 formed in the beft Manner ; and abo- 
 lifhed fome Exercifes, bccaufe they fa- 
 voured of Superftition, and vain Sophi- 
 ftry. There were alfb fome Laws made 
 about the Scholars Cloathing and Garb, 
 that none of them, who had any Sti- 
 pend, or Exhibition from the Colleges, 
 fliould wear their Shirts plaited at the 
 Neck and Hands above half a Thumb's 
 Breadth, and not mixed with any Silk, 
 Gold, or Silver ; as alfo that none of 
 them fhould wear a blue, white, or 
 yellow Doublet, *<,-. la fine, fuch 
 
 293 
 
 the Diligence of the Chancellor in re- 
 ftoring, amending, and explaining the 
 Statutes, that nothing was omitted, that 
 could any Ways raife the Reputation, 
 or advance the true Intereft of the Uni- 
 verfity. 
 
 All this did not content the Queen, 
 but believing, that a Vifit from her fir If 
 might not only pleafc the Scholars, but 
 give the Univerfity a Reputation all 
 over Europe', fhe purpofed lome Time ro 
 do it before me did, the Plague happen- 
 ing to be here ; however in the Year 
 1566", me went down hither, accompa- 
 nied with the Marqucfs of Northampton, 
 Earl of Leicejter, Secretary Cecil, and 
 many other Nobles, and great Officers, 
 where fhe -was entertained with all the 
 Marks of a Loyal Rcfpeft, and highcil 
 Strains of Eloquence and Learning, 
 wherewith fhe mewed her felf wonder- 
 fully pleafed; for fhe attended all the 
 publick Exercifes of the Schools, for a 
 Week together ; and particularly one 
 Day having heard the Phifick Difputa- 
 tions, and after that the Theological, 
 Dr. Humphry being Refpondent, and the 
 moft famous Jewel, Bilhop of Salisbury, 
 Moderator, with great Pleafure ; fhe 
 rofe up, and having offered the Spanijl) 
 Embafliidor, EaH of Leicejler, and Ce.il 
 to do it, did her felf make an Oration 
 in Latin to the Scholars, excellent in it 
 Kind, if we confider her Sex, and Time 
 fhe lived in ; but moll admirable as a 
 Queen, and fo put an End to the Ex- 
 ercife for that Day. She continued 
 here a few Days after, and profeflcd hcr- 
 felf extreamly delighted with the P lea- 
 fan tnefs of rhe Place, the Beauty of the 
 Colleges, and her magnificent Enter- 
 tainment, and with the Plenty, and Va- 
 riety of good Literature flic found here ; 
 for as me was by Day diverted wich 
 fcholaftick Exerciles of all Sorts, fo at 
 Night fhe was pleafed with the Trage- 
 dies, and Comedies a&ed by the Scho- 
 lars; for which as fhe gave them Thanks 
 at her Departure, fo fhe added a Pro- 
 mile that fhe would be always ready to 
 promote, and encourage them in their 
 Studies, which flie accordingly did, by 
 
 promoting
 
 294 
 
 RT> S HIRE. 
 
 promoting fiich Members of it, as were remifs in exafting it, becaufe, though 
 of the greateft Merit, which Qualifica- the Articles to be fubfcribed were made 
 tion, while many laboured to attain, ten Years before, they were not con- 
 this Univerfity abounded with Men of firmed by Parliament, till this -Year, or 
 the moft exalted Knowledge and Learn- the foregoing. The Governors of the 
 ing. Univerfity thought, that the faid Sub- 
 
 This Royal Vifit was then afcribcd to fcription was expe&ed of them, and 
 Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, who was thereupon they ordered, that all that 
 at that Time Chancellor of this Uni- took any Degrees, fhould fubfcribe the 
 verfity. He while he was coriverlant faid Articles; but many refufed, to the 
 here, had obferved many Irregularities, great Difturbance of the UniveriTiy, 
 und Diforders, contrary to the Dilci- making cavilling Objeftions againft the 
 pline, and- good Government, that fuch Common Prayer, and Difcipline eltablim- 
 emincnt Bodies ought to be under ; and ed, as if by their Oppofition, they 
 befides, had of late heard great Com- 
 plaints of the like, or greater Mifde- 
 meanors, which as foon, as be was cho-r 
 fen their Chancellor, he was'refolved to 
 reform; and to that End, that he might 
 <io it with the greater Authority, invited 
 the Queen thither, that by her Prefence 
 fhe might Countenance what he fhould 
 advife for the bettering the State of the 
 
 Univerfity. On thefe Grounds he pro- 
 ceeded to fettle Things, and changed 
 the whole Government of the Univer- 
 fity, in fome Things for the better, but 
 
 could null the Aft of the Parliament. 
 To encourage, and animate thefe Dif- 
 fentients, Mr, Tbo. Cart-wright, wrote his 
 Book, which he entituled, Admonitions^ 
 endeavouring to inform the Parliament 
 of the Faults, and Defeats of the Li- 
 turgy and Difcipline, to which Sub- 
 fcription was required, which made 
 fome fo bold, as to advile all to a Non- 
 Conformity, as well in Sermons and Lec- 
 tures, as common Difcourfe. When the 
 Chancellor, and Queen s Council was 
 acquainted with this, a Letter was fent 
 
 as 'it was then thought, in many Things by them to the Univerfity, commanding 
 for the worft ; of which laft Kind, his that if any Perfon would not conform to 
 
 but 
 
 Abolifbing the old Form of chufing the 
 Pro&ors, appointing hebdomadal Meet- 
 ings, &>c. were ; but however, he had a 
 great Regard to the promoting of 
 Learning, efpccially of Languages, for 
 which End he recommended to the 
 Convocation, one John Druce a Fleming, 
 (who had been banimed his Country 
 xipon the Account of Religion) to in- 
 ftru& the Scholars in the Knowledge of 
 the Syriack Tongue, and procured him a 
 School to read in, and a Stipend, for 
 his Labour, of twenty Marks per An- 
 num. He difcharged his Place fo well, 
 that he was after made a publick Profef- 
 for of that Tongue in the Univerfity. 
 
 Ar.no 1573, This Year began it to be 
 urged with great Striftnefs, that every 
 one that cntrcd into the Miniftry of the 
 Church, fhould be obliged to fubfcribe 
 their Con font and Aflent, to the Li- 
 turgy, ar.d Difcipline of the Church of 
 En^l.inf. The Eifhops had hitherto been 
 
 the eltabliflied Worfliip, but either mo- 
 ved, or cherifhed any Dilturbance, he 
 mould be apprehended, and punifhed 
 according to the Nature of his Crime. 
 The Chief that made this Oppofition, 
 were fome Perfons of the Colleges of 
 drift-Church, Magdalene, Corpus, St. John's, 
 and Magdalene-Hall; and the Encouragers 
 of it were then thought to be Dr. Hum- 
 phreys, and Dr. William Cole, with fome 
 others ; but Sufpicion, and common 
 Fame, are ufually great Lyars, however 
 the Party, who thus ftood out, and 
 would not fubfcribe, were called furl- 
 tans. 
 
 Anno 1575, This Year the Parliament, 
 for the Encouragement of Learning, 
 and Advancement 'of the Scholars Re- 
 venues, made a Law, That no Tene- 
 ments, Tithes, Lands, ot other Pof- 
 leflions, belonging to any College in Ox- 
 ford, Cambridge, Wirchejier, or Eaton, 
 ftiould bs . ktten, or xiejnifed upon any 
 
 other
 
 OXFO R SD S If IR E. 
 
 other Condition, than that one third 
 Part, at leaft, of the old Rents, mould 
 remain to be paid yearly, viz- in a cer- 
 tain Quantity of Wheat, and Malt, 
 upon fome let Days, by the Tenants, 
 which if it were not done, it was now 
 ena&ed, that every Tenant inftead of 
 Corn, fliould pay Money according to the 
 Rates, that Corn fold at on the Market- 
 Da y, before it came due, to all the faid 
 Colleges. Sir TJumas Smith, Secretary of 
 State, by the Inftigation, and Advice of 
 Henry Robinfcn^ Mnfter of Queens Col- 
 lege, is faid to have procured this A& 
 in'fo empty an Hotife of Senators, that 
 it was not confulted, whether it was for 
 the Advantage, or Damage of the Uni- 
 verfity; but however that be, it certain- 
 ly proved a great Advantage to the Col- 
 leges, their Revenues being thereby fo 
 much increafed, that they feemed al- 
 moft endowed a- new. 
 
 Anno 1579, The University, being 
 very defirous to extirpate fully all the 
 Remains of Popery out of their Body, 
 impofed this Task upon fome Doh>rs, 
 who were the moil eminent for their 
 Piety, and Learning, allowing them to 
 conhder upon a Statute formerly made 
 for that Purpofe; and if they faw fit, 
 enlarge it, or amend it. Thefe Dele- 
 gates performed their Office with great 
 Fidelity and Care, and having made 
 fome Additions to the Statute, and ex- 
 plained both fo, as they thought would 
 be for the Benefit of the young Scho- 
 lars, and Increafe of the Gofpel-Doc- 
 trine, brought them to a general Con- 
 gregation of the Univcrfiry called on 
 purpofc for their Approbation, and were 
 
 as folio ws, 
 
 ' 
 
 i. For die Extirpation of Herefy, and 
 the Inftru&ion of the Youth in true 
 Piety, we judge, that thcfe Books are 
 chiefly to be 'read, ^'~. The larger Cn- 
 toc.-!-.ifm of Dean Afsx. Novell, in Greek 
 an, 1 . L.n!?r, Jj^rt C a hi n't Catcohifm in 
 "Latin, "Greek, and Hebrew; or, TJie Ele- 
 ments of tte Ctrijlian Relifricn, written by 
 Hyperius ; or the Hydell/urgb Catechifin, 
 ucouMin^ to the' Capacity, or Pleafurc 
 of the Reader. 
 
 2. To thefe may be added 
 Catechifm, intended for more adult 
 Perfons; and Calvin's Inftitutions; or 
 The Apology of the Church of England ; or 
 The Articles of Religion, compofed by the 
 Synod of London, and fet forth by Royal 
 Authorhy, with an Explication of the 
 Common Places, by certain Testimonies 
 taken out of the Scriptures, or Fathers 
 fome Times. To the firft, the younger 
 Sort, and to the latter, all under Gra- 
 duates fh all be bound, and confined. 
 
 3. That the Scholars fliall be forbid- 
 den, and as much as poflible be hinder- 
 ed, from reading, and having all Gate- 
 chifms teaching any Thing contrary to 
 found Do&rine, and all other popilh, 
 and fuperftitious Books. 
 
 4. That none mail have Power to 
 read, or interpret any of the former 
 approved Books, privately, but Tutors; 
 and publickly, but fuch Catechifts as 
 are, or ihall be afligned, in every Col- 
 lege, and Hall, by the Mafter of it. 
 
 5. That this Decree may fee diligently 
 and inviolably obferved, there mall be 
 a private Examination by the Catechifts, 
 or Heads of the Univerfity, every 
 Term, or by the Vice-chancellor, in 
 the Prefencc of the Divinity-Readers, 
 that it may be known what Proficiency 
 the young Students have made. 
 
 6. If any of the Teachers, or Learn- 
 ers, a/e found either negligent, or 
 otherwife blame worthy, let him be 
 puniflied according to the Judgment of 
 the Heads, or if Occafion be, of the 
 Vice-chancellor. By thefe Methods ic 
 was endeavoured to banifli Popery out 
 of the Univerfity, which the Townf- 
 men fo far approved of, that they fee 
 up two Leftures at St. Martin's Church, 
 to be preached every Sunday agaifrtt the 
 popim Doflrines, and fettled a Sftjiend 
 of twenty Marks upon each of them 
 for a Yea, 
 
 We pafs over the Entertainment of 
 Albert de A\.-\jo, a Polonian Palatinate, 
 with Univerlity Ats, and Speeches, 
 Comedies, and Feaftings, to his great 
 Admiration ; and Ihall take Notice here 
 
 of
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 of what has a greater Rcfpcct to the 
 Univeifity, -viz.' That the Chancellor 
 in the Year 1 584, by a Letrcr fent by 
 tiie Queen's Order to the Univerfity, 
 commanded, that no Perfon fhould be 
 admitted to any Degree without per- 
 forming the ftatutable Exercife for the 
 fame, upon a Report to her Majefty, 
 that Degrees were taken here by the 
 Allowance of Difpenfations, without any 
 Regard had to Learning, or Merit ; 
 wherefore he commanded them in the 
 Queen's, and his own Name, to fee 
 that all Perfons vvhatfoever, did their 
 Exercife for the fame, and ftaid their 
 proper Time before they prefumed to 
 take any Bachelor's Degree in Divinity, 
 Law, or Phyfick, or any other Faculty 
 vrhatfoever; or fue for any Do&or's 
 Degree, without Reading the curfory 
 Le&urcs, except the Sons of King's, 
 and Noblemen, having a Voice in the 
 upper Houfc of Parliament, promifing 
 wich all, that no Difpenfations ihould 
 be granted for the doing of Exercife, 
 after the taking of fuch a Degree ; 
 but other Cuftoms have fince prevail- 
 ed, of as ill a Confequence, which is 
 taking of Bonds, and being contented 
 with the Forfeiture of the Conditions, 
 by which Means many illiterate Per- 
 for.s have obtained their Degrees, which 
 othenvife could not be conceived to 
 have had the leaft Part of an Univer 
 fity-Education. 
 
 The Chancellor was wont to make fre- 
 quent Vifits to this Univerfity, not only 
 for reforming the Statutes, and Laws of 
 the Univerfity, but to be fomctimes pre- 
 fcnt at the fcholaftick Difputations, and 
 other Exercifes, that he might make a 
 Report thereof to his Royal Miftrels , 
 and encourage the fame by fome laud- 
 able Afts of Refpefi, and Benefa&ions. 
 Being to that End here in January \ 584, 
 he was prefent in the Afternoon at fome 
 Difputations in St. Mary's, held be- 
 tween two Brothers, jfohn, and Edmund 
 Reynolds, who much differed in their Re- 
 ligious Principles, the one maintaining 
 the Proteftant Do&rines, and the other 
 as vehemently impugning them, The 
 
 Report is, that they difputed fo long 
 that they convinced each other, fo that 
 the Papijt turned Proteltant, and the 
 Proteltant Papiji ; but this is a groundlefs 
 Surmife, they both learnedly managed 
 their Part, but ftood and fell, as they 
 came. John grew afterwards famous, 
 as his Writings mew ; but Edmund , 
 (fome call him William} though a Papift, 
 confulted his own Safety and Eafe, and 
 lived obfcurely, and neither advanced 
 either the Roman Court, or Kitchen. 
 
 Anno 1 58*5, Sir Francis Walfintrham , 
 principal Secretary of State, that the 
 Impoflibility of an Union between the 
 Churches of England and Rome, might 
 appear, eftablifhcd a Divinity-LeSure 
 at this Univerfity ; for this End, (as 
 the Univerfity Regifter words it) U> 
 Sacrx Scripture textus, &c. that is, That 
 the Text of the Holy Scripture, and 
 the Fundamentals of Religion, may be 
 handled after the Manner of Common 
 Places; and the Controverfies from 
 them arifing difcufled, as they are wont 
 to be done at Rhemes, and other foreign 
 Schools in Behalf of Popery ; but 
 chiefly that the Orthodox Dohine of 
 the Church of England, may be firmly 
 eftablifhed. The Secretary was a fierce 
 Oppofcr of Popery, but fomcthing in- 
 clined to favour the Puritans ; and ac- 
 cordingly fettled Dr. John Reynolds, than 
 Prefident of Corpus Chrijti, in his Lec- 
 turefhip, fuppofing he had a fit Perfon 
 to promote his Deugn ; for this Do&or, 
 who had been brought up in the EngliJI* 
 Seminary abroad, being converted by his 
 Brother Edmund, became a violent Ene- 
 my to Popery ; and indeed was no lels 
 a Friend to the Puritans, never much 
 affe&ing the Epifcopal Order. How- 
 ever his Charaaer was good, he, was a 
 Perfon, of infinite Reading, and a 
 very ftrong Memory, and read three 
 Times a Week during the Terms, being 
 wonderfully followed, and applauded. 
 His Leftures were many of them printed 
 after his Death, to the great Advantage 
 of Divines, as fome think. 
 
 Anno 1588, The Chancellor coming 
 hither about the middle of Auguf 1588, 
 
 ftaid
 
 ftaid a While, and 
 
 lury, fell fick there and died, and Sir 
 Cbrijtopher Hatton, Lord Chancellor of 
 England, fuccceded in the Office of 
 Chancellor of this Univerfity. He made 
 up all the Defe&s of his Predeceflbr, 
 for he took Care that all Perfons, who 
 fought to be admitted to any Degree, 
 fliould give an Account of their Faith, 
 which having been negleSed by the Earl 
 of Leicefter, was complained of by the 
 Bifhops, who had many Heterodox 
 Divines in their Diocefes, that came 
 from thence. He dete&ed many Roma- 
 vijls lurking about Oxford, to feduce the 
 young Scholars ; and reftrained the Stu- 
 dents Excels of Apparel, and chaftifed 
 all Vice. He rcftored preaching on Ho- 
 lidays, as well as Sundays, with a Defign 
 not only fully to eradicate Popery, but 
 to accuftom young Divines to the right 
 Way and Method of Preaching. He 
 made an Order to oblige the Canons of 
 Cbrijt-Church, to preach on Sundays in 
 Term-Time in their own Perfons, and 
 enafted, that all Candidates for Degrees, 
 and matriculated Perfons, fhould fub- 
 fcribe the Articles of Religion, accord- 
 ing to the ancient Cuftom. He alfo re- 
 vived the Courfe of Deputations in Di- 
 vinity, Law, and Phyfick, pro termlno ; 
 and ordained Penalties to be mfli&ed on 
 all fuch, as omitted them ; finally, fb 
 careful was he of the Honour, and Ad- 
 vanrage of the Univerfity, that had he 
 lived longer in the Chancellorfhip, he 
 would have left nothing in the Univer- 
 fity to have been amended ; but he dy- 
 ing Anno 1592, the Lord Buckburjl fuc- 
 ceeded him, and went on fo faft in his 
 Steps, that he thought himfclf obliged 
 to correft whatever had efcaped the 
 Knowledge of his Predeceflbr. He in- 
 vited her Majefty to the Univcrfity, as 
 the Earl of Leicester had clone, that by 
 their Loyalty and Learning, they might 
 win her Majdty's Favours; and he him- 
 felf did all that lay in his Power, to 
 render the Univerfity, as eminent for 
 the Purity of Religion, as they were 
 for the Excellency of Learning, injoin- 
 ing the Governors of the Unirerfity, 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 then going to Cow- 
 
 fhould make a ftrit 
 
 i. That they Ihould make a 
 Search after all Tefuits, femjnaryPricfts, 
 (as they are caned) and other Papifts, 
 commonly known by the Name of Re- 
 cufants, and banifli them out of the Pre- 
 cinfts of the Univerfity. 
 
 a. That they fhould take fpecial Care, 
 and ufe their utmoft Endeavours, that 
 no young Men be trufted to the Tuition 
 of any Perfon, that was fo much as fu- 
 fpefted to favour the Roman Religion, 
 which was injoincd fome Time before, 
 but now executed. 
 
 3. That Le&ures fhall be kept up, 
 and carried on according to Appoint- 
 ments of our Anceftors, or at leaft in 
 fuch a Manner, as may be moft for the 
 Benefit of Learning. 
 
 4. That it fhall not be fafe for any 
 difordcrly Perfons to abide in the Uni- 
 verfity, who will not refpond in their 
 Turns, and refufe to attend the Le&ures 
 of their Faculty. 
 
 5. That the Habits accuftomarily ufed 
 by every Degree, fliall be again reftored, 
 that Scholars may know one another; the 
 Negle& of this hath deferred much 
 Blame in the Univerfity, every one be- 
 ing fuffered, to wear what Drcfs he 
 pleafeth. 
 
 6. That all Gallantry in Habits fhall 
 be avoided, which hath been often com- 
 manded heretofore, but never obferved. 
 Thus the Government was put into the 
 Hands of the Heads of the Colleges, and 
 Halls, who joining their Endeavours, 
 fo ordered Matters, that we find no 
 Complaints after this; but the Univer- 
 fity grew more orderly daily, flourifh- 
 ing in good Manners, and Piety, (fome 
 yet inclining to Puritanifm) and very- 
 many excelling in Learning. 
 
 In the Month of January 1596", Let- 
 ters were fcnt by the Mayor, and Citi- 
 zens of London, and the Company of 
 Mercery defiring this Univerfity to 
 choofe them fome fit Men to be the 
 Profeflbrs of Theology, Aftronomy, 
 Geometry, and Mufick, for the Citi- 
 zens; and Le&urers of Law, Phyfick, 
 P p
 
 X F R < 
 
 and Rhetorick, for the Mercers , to be 
 placed in the College lately erected by 
 
 ) SHIRE. 
 
 with fome Cambridge Men, 
 Days appointed, the June 
 Their Names were, 
 
 Sir 77.uw.tj (S>r/JM/, which was done 
 accordingly ; and they began to read 
 
 .-Intlony ft r otton, of King's College in Canilr'tdge, for Divinity. 
 Dr. Mattieut Guymie, of St. Jofyt's College Oxford, for Phyfick. 
 Henry Mw:tlo-zv, Dr. of Laws, for Civil' Law. 
 
 upon 
 following. 
 
 the 
 
 Dr. Joint Bull, of Cambridge, film ou s for his Skill in Mufick, having taken his- 
 
 Degree in this Unjvcrfity allb, for Mufick. 
 
 "Mix* Edward Brereivpod, formerly of Brazen-noje College, for Aftronomy. 
 Henry Brlggs, fit Cambridge, but afterwards Profeflor of Geometry in this Uni- 
 
 verfity, for Geometry. 
 Caleb Willis, Matter of Arts, of Chi-iJl-Chnrch, Oxford, for Rhctorick. 
 
 . 
 'mo i 
 
 597, Sir Thomas Bottlty obfer- innumerable Volumes, and be not only 
 ring, that Learning? in this Univerfity did an Ornament, but a Trcalure of Know- 
 net arrive at that Perfection, that might ledge to the whole University. Thcfo 
 
 b.c .expected, which might juftly be im- 
 puted to thcia- Want of a good publicly 
 Library, which they had anciently in 
 fome Sieafure bellowed on them by the 
 Duke of Ghucefter, and other Bcnefac- 
 but had been much diniinifhed, 
 
 tors 
 
 and fpoiled by fome ill Men at the Re- 
 formation ; and for Wa n't of Salaries for 
 proper Officers to take-Care of it, had 
 
 Propolsils being offered to the Con- 
 vocation by the Vice-chancellor, were 
 received with much Thankfulnefs, and 
 Joy, and Sir Thomas went immediately 
 about the Work, and finifhed it with a 
 good Omen ; for fmce it is fo much in- 
 creafed by the Donations of the Learn- 
 ed, that it is now become one of the 
 finell, and moft copious Libraries of 
 
 been much neglected, and cmbe'/.tled the World, and far the bell, and largeft 
 
 ilncc ; had long purpofed to do fome- in * 
 
 thing memorable, for the perpetual In- 
 
 creafc of Learning in this Univerfity ; 
 
 and thereupon this Year in a Letter to 
 
 Dr. R.ivii 'Vice chancellor, (12:11 iticd Ms 
 
 'Anno 1602, This Year there happened 
 in this Univerllty, a great Conteil be- 
 tween the Puritans, the Followers of 
 with which this Univ.crfity was 
 
 fixed Resolution, 'j[if he could have the at this Time full, and who fpoke very 
 
 * _ A" . _ _ . _.. i \. _._<_.*."- _* *.!_. T T., r Ur c^^, ~ .. i* . 1 1 __ . c ^T_. i^\.* r * i:__ j 
 
 Con lent and Approbation of the 
 rerlity, and met with no Hindrance 
 from the Statutes of Jl'iortm.iiii} to re- 
 pair the Buildings of the old Library, 
 and bring it into the ancient l-'orm, and 
 furnifli it with Desks, Clafles, and 
 Benches, with other Conveniences fit to 
 receive the Books of future Benefa&ors, 
 as foon as Materials can be got toge- 
 ther ; and becaufe Books will be of lit- 
 tle Vfe alqjie, unlefs fome fuitable Sa- 
 laries, be fettled upon proper Officers to 
 prefervc them, he promilcd to Tcttlc a 
 yearJy Revenue upon it for ever, not 
 only to buy Books, but to maintain a. 
 Library-Keeper, and to defray other in- 
 cidental Charges; by which Means he 
 hoped in Time it would be fi)!c<l with 
 
 difgracefu'lly of the 
 Rites of the Church 
 
 Difciplinc, and 
 of EnnLind, that 
 they might beget a general bidticftion 
 to them ; and Dr. ILon-fon the Vice-chan- 
 cellor, and other Heads of the Univer- 
 fity, whom, becaufe by their OhHce and 
 D>uy they \vevc to maintain them, they 
 ahufed by Words of Reproach and 
 Slander. The chief Men that did this, 
 were Jol<n Spr\>it, Mailer of Arts of 
 - (?/'/.'></>, IL.-nrjf slyr.iy, Doctor of Di- 
 and Robert Trcntlicck, Af, A. of 
 
 j9;/<v//s College both, and fome others. 
 Thefe Perfons being fumraoncd before 
 the \'icc-chancc]lor, to anfwcr for their 
 Crimes, refilled to appear, and fo their 
 Caulc was brought before the Chancel- 
 lor, -and at ^length to the Queen and 
 
 Council,
 
 ..0 XFO K 3 
 
 "Council, who referred the Matter to 
 certain Delegates of Ecclcliaftical Mat- 
 ters, who having fully examined the 
 Matter, obliged them to a Recantation, 
 in a full Convocation of the Univerfity, 
 -which was performed by Sprint, and 
 Troutbecliy but Dr. Ayraf, by the Intcr- 
 ceflion of Friends, got of unpunifhed ; 
 and the Reft received a fcverc Repri- 
 mand from the Delegates, with a ftri& . 
 Charge not to fpread their Opinions, and 
 behave thcmfelves peaceably for the fu- 
 ture. Sprint became after this Minifter 
 of Thoriibury in Gloitcefterjb'ire, and having 
 vonderfully changed his Opinion, wrote 
 a Book to juftify Conformity in Church 
 Matters. The very laft Day of this 
 Year, viz- March z4, the Heroick, and 
 Good Queen, Elizabeth died, and left 
 the Crown to J-ames VI. King of Sects. 
 
 Upon the Acceflion of King James> 
 \vho was the firft King of England of that 
 Name , this Univerfity took Care to 
 enroll Queen Elizabeth, among its Be- 
 ncfo&ors, but with Tears, and Mourn- 
 ing, congratulated their new King ; the 
 Plague then raging fo fatally at Oxford, 
 thatT the Scholars were forced to fly, put 
 oft" their Terms, and fhut up their Col- 
 leges, leaving only fome few to take 
 Care of them in their Abfcnce ; the Ci- 
 tizens in the mean Time being reduced 
 to a ftarving Condition for want of 
 Trade, and Bufinefs ; for though the 
 Scholars at their Departure left them 
 fome Relief, yet that was foon exhaufted. 
 After fome Months Recefs, the Scholars 
 again returned, and fet themfelves to 
 bring their Exercifes, and other Affairs 
 into their ufual Courfe ; but found, that 
 the noble Profeilion of the Civil Law 
 was near expiring, fo few either regard- 
 
 ing that Study, or furviving, that weie 
 skilled in it. The Vice-chancellor be- 
 ing made fenfiblc of it, called a Convo- 
 cation, in which Dr. Afar-tin of Nav 
 College, having fhcwcd what Mifchicf 
 would accrue to the Nation by the "Ex- 
 tirpation of this Study ; and the Vice- 
 chancellor adding, that it was one of 
 the four principal Pillars, on which the 
 University flood, and that it would fall, 
 if it were taken away ; it was agreed 
 unanimoufly to implore the Affiftanco 
 of the Chancellor, and Earl of Devon- 
 Jlrire, (.then a great Favourite) in this 
 Atfair, and to that End tranfmittcd 
 Letters to them. By their Intereft the 
 Study of the Civil Law prefently revi- 
 ved, and for an Encouragement to it 
 for the future, the King by his Royal 
 Charter under his great Seal of England, 
 impowered this University, together 
 with Cambridge, to choole, and fend, up 
 each of them, two Perfons to fit, and 
 reprefenr them in Parliament, fuppofins; 
 that the only fit Perfons for that Truft 
 would be fuch, as were well skilled in 
 the Cefarean Laws ; and that as the Uni- 
 verfity would choofe them only, fo it 
 would put many upon thole Studies more 
 diligently. 
 
 Anno 1604, This Year happened the 
 Conference at Hampton-Court, before the 
 King, bqtwe.cn the Bimops of the King's 
 Appointment, and fome leading Non- 
 conformifts, about the Liturgy, and 
 Ceremonies, which had no other good 
 Efte& but this, that it produced a nc\v 
 Translation of the Bible, in which, fincc 
 many eminent Men of this Univcrlity 
 were employed, we have thought in not 
 fit to pals them over without an honour- 
 able Mention, viz. 
 
 P p 2 
 
 I. la 

 
 $00 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 I. In the Tranflation of the Old Tejtament, the Oxford Men were 
 
 Dr. Harding, Prefident of Magdalene College. 
 
 Dr. Reynolds, President of Corpus Chrifll College. 
 
 Dr. Holland, Reftor of Exeter Coll. and King's Profeflor. 
 
 Dr. Kilty, Re&or of Lincoln Coll. and Repius Profeflor. 
 
 Mr. 
 
 Mr. 
 
 Mr. 
 
 Whofe Part was to 
 frranflate, or amend 
 
 the old Tranflation 
 >of the four greater 
 
 Prophets, with the 
 \Lamentations, and 
 
 i 2 lefler Prophets. 
 
 II. In translating the New Tejtatnent, the Oxford Men were. 
 
 Dr. Ravis, Dean of ChrlJt-Church, afterward Bifliop of London. 
 Dr. Abbot, Mafter of Univerjity Coll. afterward Archbi/hopof Cant.. 
 Dr. Tho'mpfon, Dean of Windfcr, Dr. Savil, Mafter of Merlon. 
 Dr. Peryn, Canon of Chrijl- Church, Dr. Hutton, the fame. j 
 
 Dr. Aglionby, Principal of 'Edmund Hall, Dr. Harmar, Mafter of* 
 Wickham Co\\. 
 
 Whofe Part was 
 the four Gofpels, 
 
 >the A&s of the 
 Apoftles, and 
 
 \Revelation, 
 
 When thcfe Men had finimed their 
 Work, which to perform with all Exa&- 
 nefs, they confuhed all the Copies of 
 the Bible in both the publick, and pri- 
 vate Libraries, the Vice-chancellor cau- 
 fed their Tranflation to be revifed by 
 all the Heads of Colleges, and other 
 Learned Divines of the Univeriity, who 
 comparing them with the Originals, He- 
 Ireiv, and Greek, approved, or amended 
 them, as they faw Reafon, meeting 
 every Week at Dr. Reynolds's Lodgings, 
 to have his Afiiftance, and Advice, be- 
 caufe he was at that Time feverely a- 
 fliSed with the Gout. 
 
 Anno 1605, King James, with his 
 Queen, Prince of Wales, and a great 
 Number of Nobles, who had been be- 
 fore at Wcodjlock, came to Oxford to fee 
 the Scholars, and were met by the 
 Chancellor, Vice-chancellor, Heads of 
 Colleges, and Pro&ors, at their En- 
 trance into the Town, where they were 
 received by the Mayor, and Bailiffs; 
 and as they were conduced to Chrijl- 
 Chttrcb, were entertained in Quatervo'u, 
 a Street leading to it, with a Greek Ora- 
 tion by Dr. Perin, the King's Profellbr 
 of Greek, and in the College by Mr. 
 Jfaac Wakf t the Ufliverfity Orator, who 
 
 knowing the King's Temper, highly ex- 
 tolled him for his Wifdom, and Learn- 
 ning, to his great Satisfa&ion. The 
 .King ftaid here four Days, and in that 
 Time he, and Prince Henry, with di- 
 verfe Nobles, vifited moft of the Col- 
 leges, with Delight viewing their Halls, 
 Libraries, hnd Gardens, and hearing 
 the Congratulatory Orations of the 
 young Scholars, many others of them 
 at the fame Time prefented Verfes to 
 the lame EtfcQ:. Many of the Nobles 
 accepted of their Mafter of Arts De- 
 gree, as an Ornament of their greater 
 Titles, which they might well efteem it, 
 fince the King himfelf did not difdain 
 to take it, as an Addition to his Royal 
 Dignity. His Entertainment was prin- 
 cipally, if not only, at CkriJl-Ckurch t 
 where both in the Church by Mufick, 
 and in the Hall by coftly Provifions, 
 nothing was omitted that could teftify how 
 much theUniverfity valued and cfteemed 
 the Honour of this Royal Vifit. At the 
 King's Departure, the Proftor declared fo- 
 lemnly in an Oration, the Joy the Univer- 
 fity took in his Majefty's Prefencc, and 
 promifed him an unchangeable Fidelity 
 and Refpeft ; whereupon the King gave 
 the chief Men, botk of the University, 
 
 and
 
 301 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 nd Town his Right Hand to Kifs, pro- Anno 1637, Dr. Join Reynold's, 
 mifing to be their Patron. About the dent of Corpus Chrifti College, the greateft 
 fame Time the Univerfity confidering Ornament of this Univerfity for Learn- 
 in how great Danger the King had late- ing, died. He was endued with fuch an 
 Jy been in from the Gunpowder Pht of the incredible Memory, that he deferved to 
 Papifts, fought out all of that Opinion, be eftecmed a living Library ; and as to 
 and baniflied them from Oxford, and or- Holinefs, and fingularly exemplary Con- 
 dering, that all, that did not come to verfation, he deferved to be canonized, 
 ferve God in their Parifh Church, or in but that he never liked our Rubrick 
 the Chapels of the Colleges, and Halhj Saints. He was well read in the Wri- 
 Ihould be allowed to hold no Office, or tings of the learned Heathens, as well as 
 have any Commerce here. the Fathers, and underftood, all the 
 Anno 1606, Mr. William Laud, Bache- Languages, which were of any Ufe, or 
 lor of Divinity, preached a Sermon, Ornament to a Divine. He had a ready 
 Oftob. 2.6, in St. Mary's Church, in Wit, a ftable Judgment, and an un- 
 \vhich he delivered fomc Expreffions, wearied Diligence, in which laft Refpe& 
 tvhich to many of the Univcrnty, who he might as well be called Adamantir.us^ 
 
 had imbibed the Do&rine of Calvin, 
 feemed to favour of Popery; whereupon 
 he was fent for by Dr. Ayray, the Vice- 
 
 as Origen was. Laftly, He was as skilful 
 in every Art, and Science, as if he had 
 ftudied that only. He grew more mo- 
 chancellor, to give an Account of the derate againft the Ceremonies of the 
 Doctrine he had delivered. Some Time Church, after the Hampton- Court Confe- 
 was fpent in this Affair; but at length rence with the King, and Bimops ; but 
 Mr. Laud fo cleared himfelf that he was was the more complained of by his Par- 
 not obliged to a Recantation, though ty, for what he had faid there. He was 
 many of the Heads laboured all they in great Eiteem with the Univerfity- 
 could to bring him to it. However his Men in general, and every one thought 
 Enemies fo far prevailed, that by their himfelf happy in his Converfation. His 
 Reprefentation he was reputed, and cal- fpare Time he fpent among certain 
 led a popifhly affe&ed Perfon, if not a young Scholars, ininftru&ing them, and 
 thorough Papift, and his Company was encouraging them in Virtue ; and being 
 generally avoided as fuch ; nay, he had taken off from this Work by Sicknels, 
 been more heavily puniflied, had not he he gave his Books, (except what he gave 
 appealed to the Chancellor, and fo ftop- to his College, and fome great Men) to 
 ped the Vice-chancellor's Proceeding's be divided among them, being abouf 
 againft him. The Chancellor thus being twenty. 
 
 engaged to decide the Matter, took his Anno itfoS, The Earl of Dorfet, the 
 
 Information of Mr. Laud's Sermon, Chancellor of this Univerfity, dying 
 
 from Dr. William Padday, of St. Jckn's this Year, Dr. Richard Bancroft, Archbi- '< 
 
 College, who gave this Account of Mr. fhop of Canterbury, was chofen into his- 
 
 Laud. That he was a Perfon of great Learn- Place. The Archbi/hop being thus be- 
 
 ing, and admirable Piety, and good Conver- come the chief Magiftrate of the Uni- 
 
 faticn, and that he bad heard the Sermon fo verfity, refolved to aft agreeable to his 
 
 much fpoken agaitifl, but could fee nothing in Truft, and omitted nothing neceflary to> 
 
 it that co,uld give a juft Offence, However reform the Scholars, whom he found 
 
 the Univerfity, thinking it unreafonable very vicious ; and to that End, 
 
 i. Ordered, that the Statutes obliging 
 
 to correft any Irregularities in Doftrine, 
 
 tinlefs they did the fume in Morals, 
 
 proceeded upon this Occafion to make the young Academicks to conrtantly at- 
 
 an Order againft Gaming, and frequent- tend Sermons, and Catechifing, that 
 
 ing Ale-houfcs, and Taverns, and enga- they may be well inftru&cd in the Fun- 
 
 :ging the Scholars to .perform their Ex- damcnuls of the Chrifl.un Religion, 
 
 crcifes more frequently and better. be
 
 30* 
 
 XFO R <D S III R E. 
 
 be put in Execution, ^becaufc' what is 
 imbibed in Youth, as well in Refpeft to 
 Virtue as Vice, is molt lafting; and for 
 that Reafon he alfo directed, that none 
 ihould be permitted to be a Tutor of 
 the young Scholars, but fuch as were 
 allowed by the Vice-chancellor, or fuch 
 other Divines, as he ihould appoint; 
 tvhich were it now obfcrved, would pre- 
 rcnt much Corruption. 
 
 2. He alfo ftriftly commanded, that 
 there fli on Id be great Care taken, 
 thar the Scholars ihould attend the La- 
 tin Sermons, and Prayers appointed to 
 be tiled in the Beginning of every Term, 
 and particularly that they ihould re- 
 ceive the Sacrament, which had been 
 lately fa much neglcfted,' that good 
 Men feared, it would be wholly diiuied 
 in their Country Cures. 
 
 5. He alfo appointed, that Prayers 
 Ihould be Iblemnly celebrated upon cer- 
 tain Days appointed by the State, to 
 give God Thanks for his Mujcfty's Ac- 
 ccffion to the Crown, and the Preferva- 
 tion of the King, and States of the 
 Realm, from many great Dangers ; and 
 more particularly, for their Deliverance 
 from the Gun-Powder- f lot, Anno 1605. 
 
 4 He allb enjoined the Scholars, that 
 they ihould not only attend the publick 
 ^\ o'rfhip, but that every Morning, and 
 Night, they fhould be prcfent at Divine 
 Service, and three Times at leaft every 
 Tear, receive the Sacrament; and that 
 at firit Admiilion the^y fhould be inlh'uc- 
 ted in the Catcchilm, containing the 
 Principles of Religion, and that the 
 Articles of the Church of England, eftu- 
 blifhed by publick Authority, fhould be 
 read four Times a Year, in the College 
 Chapel*, or Halls, that the Scholars may 
 be acquainted \\ith them, from their 
 very Childhood ; and know throughly, 
 what they mult aftent, and fubfcribe to, 
 \vhcn they take any Degree, or arc cm- 
 bodied into the Univerfity. 
 
 5. And that all Schifm, and Herefy, 
 may be prevented, it was ordained, that 
 all the Members of their fcvcral Soci- 
 eties, when they preach, or read Lec- 
 tures in publick er private, fhould utter 
 
 nothing new, and differing from the 
 Do&rine of the Church of England, but 
 cfpccially favouring of Popery, becauie 
 when an Error is once broached, it 
 ufually gets Strength by the Author's 
 being obliged to deferxl it. 
 
 Lajlly, For the greater Proficiency of 
 the Scholars in Learning, and good 
 Manners, he conftituted, that all Lec- 
 turers ihould difchargc their Office 
 learnedly, and difcrectly; that all 
 Heads of Colleges ihould take Care, 
 that the Difputanons, (which had been 
 much ncglcfted) fhould be conftanly, 
 and regularly performed, and never o- 
 mitted ; that the Scholars in their com- 
 mon Difcourie, ihould fpeak Lati only, 
 that they may get a Readinefs in fpeak- 
 ing it ; and that all Irregularities in 
 Manners might be prevented, the Scho- 
 lars were forbidden to go Co Ale-houfes, 
 or Taverns, ; or other Houfes of bad 
 Fame, to wear fumptuous Garments, or 
 long Hair, and appear in any other 
 Habit, than what was appointed by their 
 Statutes. 
 
 Anno 1609, A Bachelor of Arts, of 
 Trinity College, named Edmund Campion* 
 while he was engaged in the Auguftine 
 Difputanons, with great Boldnels, and 
 Raihnefs, propounded, and defended 
 this Pofition, &/. That it is lawful fora 
 Subjeft to revolt from his Prince, and 
 take up Arms againft him upon the Ac- 
 count of Religion. This Affertion he 
 maintained with fuch Arguments, as 
 plainly juftified, and defended Rebel- 
 lion, which being kno\vn, he was obli- 
 ged to recant them in the publick Con- 
 vocation, April, 1 6. When this was 
 known to the Chancellor, but chiefly to 
 the King, his Majcfty was very angry 
 with the Vice-chancellor, and Proctors, 
 whom lie charged with u Male-admini- 
 ftration of the Government of the L r ni- 
 verfity, becauie tUey flittered a beard- 
 lefs Lad to intermeddle with Affairs of 
 fo great Moment, and periuade others 
 to rebel, threatening them with great 
 Severities, if any fuch Thing fhould 
 happen ever after. This Year allb hap- 
 2 '
 
 XF R T> S HI R E. 
 
 303 
 
 pened a Controverfy between the Uni- 
 vcrlity and City, about the Privilege of 
 "Watch and Ward, which not belonging 
 ib properly to our Delign, we mall 
 wave, and paf* ro fueh, as do more near- 
 ly, and particularly concern the Uni- 
 verfity, as a diftinct Body from die 
 City. 
 
 Anno 1610, The Parliament having in 
 the third Year of his Majelty's Reign, 
 contrived, and compofed an Oath of 
 fidelity, and Allegiance, which afterv 
 ward all the Members of it took, and 
 enacted, that the Convocation of the 
 Clergy fhouid take it at their next Meet- 
 ing ; the Univerlity, which never could 
 fuller any Body of Men to go before 
 them in Loyalty, did voluntarily tye 
 themlelves by it, to perform all due 
 Obedience to their King. The Chanr 
 cellor, by Letters, gave them Tome Di- 
 rections about it ; and thereupon the 
 Vice-chancellor, Heads of Colleges, and 
 Pro&ors, firft took it ; and then all 
 Matters fi.bmitted to the fame form. 
 Afterwards the Chancellor further ad- 
 vifed, that Bachelors of Arts, yea, all 
 that were admitted Ihould be obliged to 
 take it, which proved an unexpected 
 Advantage to the Univerlity; for many 
 who favoured the popifli Doctrines, and 
 were infected with the calvinillical O- 
 pinions, withdrew themfelves privately 
 from the L r nivcrfity to avoid the Oath ; 
 and fo it appeared who were the friends, 
 and Enemies, both of Church and State. 
 This Year alfo, the Doctors, and Ma- 
 fters, to reftrain Drunkcnnels, and o- 
 ther Irregularities, made fcveral Laws, 
 to oblige the Scholars to lodge in their 
 Colleges, and Halls, forbidding the 
 Tovnfmcn to entertain them by Night, 
 ,-r the Penalty of forty Shillings; 
 and ordering, that any Tutor, who mall 
 undertake the Inftruction of any fuch 
 disorderly Perfon, ihall himSelf be 
 expelled ; and that in the Execution of 
 theie Laws, the Heads of Colleges fhall 
 jillilt the Vice-chancellor. By this good 
 Discipline this Univerlity increased So 
 much, that the Students were reckoned 
 one Thoufand, two Hundred, and forty; 
 
 yet Peace was wanting;' the Seeds of 
 Popery, and Ca!vbiifn/ y yet remaining, 
 which the Abettors Sought both by Scr- 
 
 . . . ^ 
 
 mons, and Deputations, to propagate ; 
 but the Chancellor, Lord Eger-ton, being 
 a zealous Clnirch-man, did foon, by 
 King Jftineis Affiftancc, reduce them t* 
 few; and at length, either in Shew, or 
 Sincerity, brought them to fuch Confor- 
 mity to the cftablimed Church, in Doc- 
 trine, and Discipline, as there appeared 
 no open Separation from it. 
 
 Anno 1611, Many memorable Things 
 happened thi* Year in this Univerlity, 
 
 viz* 
 
 i. The Convocation afligned that the 
 Sermon, chat Thomas EicUcy, Bithop of 
 Chiclejhr, had appointed by Will mould 
 be preaclicd at J( Jetton College yearly,, 
 for which he had given a -good Allow- 
 ance to the Preacher, fhouki be deli- 
 vered there, upon the Feaft of S, S. Phi- 
 lip, and James, M*^ S. 
 
 i. The School of Arts, being old, 
 and much decayed, was pulled down to 
 be rebuilt ; and that the ufual L.vcrcilrs 
 might . not be oniitred, it was orderecf, 
 that the Lecturers Ihould read Ibmc ill 
 the Divinity School, others in the 
 Court of that School, and others in the 
 Chancel of St. jV/< ;.-'<, and the K>rerci- 
 fes performed, fome in the North Cha- 
 pel of St. JW.try's, others in the Convo- 
 cation Houie. 
 
 3. Dr. H(Xifon, & Canon of Ch-lft- 
 Cl'HtrJj, in a Sermon preached at Sr. 
 jV^rry's, made fome iliarp H.cflection& 
 upon tlw Gt'wcc.t Annotations upon the 
 Bible, aflertina-, that they had explain- 
 ed the Divine Nature of Chnft, an i his 
 Mediatory Office, in fuc-h a Mainu-r, 
 that the Authors ma-y be jr.ftly Jlippofcd 
 to have favoured the Arr'mns, or /^7"f, 
 contrary to the Truth of the Go:"pcl. 
 Dr. Robert All. -i't was then Vice i-hancc-l- 
 Lor, and being angry at his Sermon, 
 puniilied him with Recantation, orSuf- 
 penfion-, for preaching a falie, and of- 
 ten live Doctrine ; but the Doctor was 
 thought to have been wronged, fo much 
 the more, bccaulc King J-amet himfe'.f 
 
 lu-l
 
 3Q4 
 
 XF 
 
 hid cenitired; thole Annotations, as fer 
 d-tiqus, and contrived to fupport a 
 Party. 
 
 4. Prince Henry died, to the great 
 Grief of the People of England in gene- 
 ral, and more efpecially of this Uni- 
 verfity, which they expreflcd, i. By an 
 Onation made in St. Mary's Church, by 
 Mr, Richard Corbet, one of the Pro&ors, 
 whom they heard with many Tears, and 
 Sighs, lamenting their great Lofs. 2. 
 By a whole Book of Funeral Elegies, 
 compofed by the young Scholors, as well 
 as Matters, fhcwing the Sadneis of all 
 their Hearts, by their mournful Compo- 
 fares. 
 
 Anno 1 6 1 3, Sir Thomas Eodley , the 
 great Patron of Learning in general, 
 and equal Benefa&or to this Univerfity 
 in particular, died, Mar. 29. While he 
 Jay fick at his Houfe in the Parifli of St. 
 Bartholomew the Lefs, in London, the Vice- 
 chancellor, Heads of Colleges, and Proc- 
 tors, teftirled their Grief for his Sick- 
 nefs, in a Letter dated J-an. 19, in thefe 
 VVords, Quos dolores folent, &c. As the 
 Members are wont to be affected with great 
 Grief, when the Heart is pained; with the fame 
 is our whle Body, (0 mojt famous Bodley) 
 troulled, becaufe you, who are our Heart, 
 are in Danger. And after his Death, his 
 Dcceafe, and the Legacies given by his 
 \Vill to . the new Schools, and other 
 pious Ufcs, being made known to the 
 Convocation, it was debated after what 
 Manner the Funeral of fo great a Pa- 
 tron mould be folemnized ; and it being 
 determined to be done May 29, His 
 Body having retted a few Days in his 
 own Houfe, was carried to Oxford, and 
 It t in Merton College Hall, adorned with 
 his Arms, and other Enfigns of Knight- 
 hood, the Heralds, and feveral other 
 Perfons of Note attending it. Upon the 
 Day of his Interment, his Body being 
 accompanied with the Vice-chancellor, 
 Heads of Colleges, and a great Com- 
 pany of Scholars in the Badges of their 
 levcral Degrees, was fii tt carried to the 
 Schools, where Mr. Rich. Corbet, as Uni- 
 verfity Orator, dilplayed his juft Prailcs 
 
 ) H I R E. 
 
 in an elegant Oration, which being 
 finimed, it was removed to St. Mary's 
 Church, where Dr. Godwin, Dean of 
 ChriJ}- Church, made a Sermon fuitablc to 
 the Occafion, and that being ended, it 
 was carried back again to Merton Col- 
 ege, and there interred at the upper 
 End of the Quire, by the North Wall 
 of the Church. Mr. Cambden, thea 
 Clarenciettx, was on that Occafion admit- 
 ted Matter of Arts, and Laurence Bedley, 
 the Deceafed's Brother, was created 
 Do&or of Divinity. The Mourners, 
 with the Heads of Colleges, returning 
 to the Hall of the faid College, were 
 entertained at a fumptuous Dinner. 
 
 Anno i did, Wadham, and jFefus Col- 
 leges were finimed this Year, yet with 
 no great Liking of the Univerfity, be- 
 caufe Presbyterianifm, which was fo 
 common among them, would have more 
 Room to fpread in, and being imbibed 
 here, the whole Kingdom was in Dan- 
 ger of being leavened with it ; and that 
 the more eafily, becaufe fo few Preach- 
 ers had fubfcribed the thirty-fixth Ca- 
 non, and fo took themfelvcs, efpecially 
 the Le&urers, to be at Liberty, to venc 
 Do&rincs contrary to the Articles of the 
 Church of England. This being repre- 
 fcnted to the King, He, by and with 
 the Advice of the Bimops, and other 
 Divines, and after a long Deliberation, 
 fent his Commands to the Vice-chancel- 
 lor, Heads of Colleges, and Proors, to 
 be put in Execution ftriUy under thefe 
 Heads. 
 
 1. That all Perfons, who {hall be ad- 
 mitted to any Degree, mall fubfcribe 
 the three Articles contained in the thirty 
 fixthCanon, declaring- not only his Alle- 
 giance to the King, but his firm Aflenr, 
 and Con fen t to the 'Liturgy of the 
 Church of England, and the Do&rines 
 comprized in the thirty-nine Articles. 
 
 2. That no Pcrfon fhall preach in the 
 City of Oxford, who doth not yield him- 
 felf conformable in all Things, and ef- 
 pecially in the forementioned Suhfcrip- 
 tion, to the Church of England.
 
 O XFO R 2) S H IR E. 
 
 5. That none of the Scholars fhall 
 ablent themfelvcs from the Sermons at 
 St. Mary's, nor go to any other Church, 
 while the Sermon is there ; and that all 
 neceflary Care fhall be taken, that both 
 Morning, and Afternoon, there fhall be 
 preaching without any Omiflion. 
 
 4. That the Divinity Difputations, 
 which are ufually called, the ordinary 
 Ones, fhall never be performed by a 
 fmaller Number of Difputants than 
 three. 
 
 y. That the Magiftrates of the Uni- 
 verfity fhould take Care for the future, 
 that the Scholars fhould not frequent the 
 Townfmens Houfes, efpccially in the 
 Night-Time. 
 
 <J. That every Scholar, when he goes 
 to Chapel, or to the Schools, fhould 
 appear in the Habit proper to Univer- 
 fity-Men. 
 
 7. That to young Divines, fuch Au- 
 thors mould be recommended for their 
 Reading, as approve of the Do&rine 
 and Discipline of the Church of Eng- 
 land, and that they be advifed to be- 
 ftovv their Pains in Reading them, as 
 alfo the Holy Fathers, Councils, Eccle- 
 fiaftical Writers, Hiftorians, and Pole- 
 mical Writers themfelves, leaft truftihg 
 to Abridgments, and compendious Wri- 
 ters, they build their Theological Know- 
 ledge, upon flippery Foundations. 
 
 8. That no Perfon in the Pulpit, or 
 Schools, fhall earneftly, and positively, 
 defend any Doftrine, that is not allowed 
 by the Church of England. 
 
 5>. That in Michaelmas Term every 
 
 Year, (if the King happens to be in 
 thefe Parts) the Vice-Chancellor, and 
 the two Divinity Profeflbrs, or as many- 
 Heads of Colleges fhall come to him, 
 and give him a true Account, how thefe- 
 his Commands have been executed, and 
 what Effeft they have had. And indeed 
 the Decreafe of Calvlnifm may be dated 
 from hence, for though indeed they met 
 with fome ftremlous Oppofers, yet they 
 {truck fuch a Fear into the Generality 
 of Men of that Perfuafion, that they 
 were not fo bufy, and pufhing for near 
 twenty Years; and for the prefent the 
 Univerfity found a fenfible Quiet by the 
 ftricl Execution of them. 
 
 Anno 1 6" 1 8, Doftor Matthew 
 Dean of Exeter, founded a College at 
 Chelfea, near London, for fuch learned 
 Divines, as were beft verfed in Polemi- 
 cal Divinity, allowing them a fufficient 
 Maintenance, that they might employ 
 all their Labours in defending the 
 Church of England againft Papifts, and 
 Schifmaticks : Several Oxonians were 
 taken in by the Founder into this Soci- 
 ety at firft, but moft of them being dead, 
 or removed to Bifhopricks, or other 
 Dignities, the Doftor about this Time, 
 requefted this Univerfity to fend hirn. 
 another fet of Perfons, eminent for 
 Controverfial Divinity, to be put into 
 their Places; but fuch as he would 
 name. His Defires were readily com- 
 plied with in moft Particulars, but they 
 made fome Alterations in the Lift they 
 fent back to him, which was, 
 
 John Brideaux, Sebajlian Benefeld, and Thomas James, Do&ors of Divinity. 
 George Carlton, formerly of Merton College. 
 Edward Gee, of Brazen-nofe College. 
 Richard Fttzberbert, of New College. 
 
 George Birket. 
 
 Chriftopher Potter, and Daniel Ingoll, both of Queen's College. 
 
 John Sanderfon, Richard Corbet, of ChriJl-Church. 
 
 Daniel Featley, of Corpus. 
 
 Matth. Style, Nathaniel Norrington, #nd Nath. Carpenter, all of Exeter College. 
 
 They were all received with great Civi- 
 lity and Refpe& ; but whether they were 
 taken into that Society all, or only 
 fome of them, we do not yet find. 
 
 Anno 16*19, Sir Henry Savil, Knt. and 
 Matter of Merto* College, obferving, 
 how much the Study of Mathematicks 
 Was negle&ed in this Univerficy, bent 
 Q.q ls
 
 306 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 his Thoughts to contrive fomc Methods, 
 to inflame the Minds of the Scholars 
 with the Love of it ; and having obtain- 
 ed the Royal Con fen t, and the Leave of 
 the Univerfity, he eftablifhed two Lec- 
 tures, one of Geometry, the other of 
 Agronomy, fettling on them certain 
 Farms, by which the Profeflbrs of thofe 
 Sciences might be liberally and plenti- 
 fully maintained. He himfelf read the 
 firft Geometry Leflure, on Wednesday in 
 the Aft- Week, i<5io, in the Divinity 
 Schools, the Vice- Chancel lor, divcrfe 
 Do&ors, and a great Number of Ma- 
 fters, and other Graduates being pre- 
 fent, and fo continned doing in Term- 
 Time, till Ckujimafs, in which Time 
 the Univerfity afligned him a new 
 School for his Leftures. But the follow- 
 ing Term he put in Mr. Brigs to be Pro- 
 feflbr, who began his Leftures upon the 
 Kinth Propofition of the firft Book of 
 Euclid's Elements. As to the Attronomy 
 Le&ure, Sir Henry never pretended to 
 read in that, but gave it at firft to Dr. 
 Sainbrigge, who began his Reading fan. 
 5, 1620. Bnt Sir Henry's Benefa&ions did 
 ot end here ; for i. He gave a Mathc- 
 matick Library, for the Uie of his Lec- 
 turers, adjoyning to the Mathematick 
 Schools. ^. He fet up a Mathematick 
 Cheft, and gave an Hundred Pounds to 
 St. 5. He gave an Hundred and twenty 
 Pounds towards the Fabrick of the new 
 School. 4 He furnifhcd the Bodleian 
 library with fome rare Books, both 
 printed, and Manufcript. 5. He en- 
 riched the Printing Houfe with a great 
 jiiany Greek Letters, and Moulds of 
 Letters. And at length by his Will be- 
 queathed to the Univerfity, his Lcftn- 
 yers, and the Mathematical Cheft, a 
 yearly Revenue ef forty Pounds, over 
 and above their former Endowments, 
 
 Anno 1621, Marcus Arttenlus Ae Domlnis y 
 Archbifliop of Sfalato, and Primate of 
 Dalmatia y came into England, and about 
 this Time vifited this Univerfity, sind 
 was received with all the ufual Signs of 
 Kefpcft and Honour, as Orations, and 
 Feaftings in fevcral Colleges, and Di- 
 in the Schools, with \viiich he 
 
 was very much pleafed, and highly cohv- 
 mcnded Dr. Prideaux, the King's Profcf- 
 for, who moderated in many of them. 
 He was a Perfon of a beautiful Stature 
 and endowed with a wonderful Sweet- 
 nefs, and Eloquence of Speech, not 
 fparing either in Feeding, or Difcourfe> 
 yet not immoderate ; and fo much re- 
 fpe&ed by this Univerfiry, that they 
 never entertained any foreign Prince's 
 Embaffador with more Regard, and 
 Reverence. He was bred in the Jefuiti 
 School, and being of the Roman Church 
 
 was firit made Bifhop of and 
 
 after Archbifhop of Spalato, He pre- 
 tended to have difcovered innumerable 
 Novelties, and pernicious Errors in the 
 Court of Rome, which injnrioufly en-* 
 
 g-ofled the Name of the Catholick 
 hurch, and therefore had departed 
 from it, and would become a Member 
 of the Reformed Church. He fled firft 
 into the Low Countries, but not meeting 
 there with the Encouragement he ex- 
 pefted, he pafled into Engtanct. -King 
 James rejoycing that Rome had loft, and 
 England had found fuch a valuable Jew- 
 el, recommended him to the Archbi- 
 fliop of Canterbury, to be received, and 
 entertained according to his Worth, till 
 he could ofhenvife provide a fuitablc 
 Maintenance for him, fending w-ith him 
 a Silver Bafon, and Bowl of Silver ; for 
 which he returned to the King, with his 
 Thanks, this Compliment. JMijit mikl 
 Rev JMagKit Britatmi* polulrum Argenteuxi 
 ad' abftergendtfs forces Rmian& Ecclejix, & 
 poculurn Argenteitm *rf imbibendam Evangelii 
 fur it at em: i. e. The King of Great Bri- 
 tain bath fent me a Silver Bafon, to wafo.a- 
 iv ay from me the. Piltk of the Roman C/m-, 
 and a Silver Bowl to drink in tfo Purity of 
 the Gofpet. The King foon preferred him 
 to the Deanery of Windfor, which 'had 
 the rich Farfonage of Iflefly, in BerHfiire> 
 annexed to it ; and the Maftermip of 
 the Hofpital of Savoy. Noble Prefer- 
 ment ! but he not therewith contented, 
 faped after more, which he Ihewcd, fiiflt 
 y racking the Tenants of his prefcnt 
 Deanery, and Hofpital; and feeking 
 after the Archbilhoprick of Canterbtiry y
 
 Q XFO R\ 
 
 npon a falfe Humour Archbimop Mat- 
 thews was dead. Gondamour the Spanijb 
 EmbafTador found out the Coyetouf- 
 nefs of the Man, and being affronted 
 at a Medicine, that Spalato had prefcri- 
 bcd for his Fiftula, which was, that 
 three Turns at Tyburn .would cure it, 
 begs leave of the King to fuffer him to 
 difcover his Hypocrify ; and having it 
 granted, he writes over to the Pope, 
 and King of Spain, to pardon and pre- 
 fer Spalato, and obtains it of them both, 
 with the Promifc of a Cardinal's Hat, 
 if he would fubfcribe a Letter fent to 
 him, wherein he Difclaimed, and Re- 
 nounced, whatever he had written a- 
 gainft the Roman Church. Spetlato eafily 
 fwallows the Conditions, for the Prefer- 
 ment's Sake, and begging Leave to re- 
 turn into his own Country, of the King, 
 (who having feen his Subfcription, eafily 
 granted it) left England about the Feaft 
 of the Annunciation, Anno l6^^. He fail- 
 ed firft to Brmffels, where he openly re- 
 canted his Religion as a Proteftant, and 
 railed heavily of the Englijb Church; 
 here he ftaid fix Months for his Pardon, 
 but none came, and fo he was forced to 
 venture without it to Rome ; where when 
 he came, he was at firft courteoufly re* 
 ccived, but kept a While in a Mon^ 
 fiery, and at length thruft into a Prifon, 
 by the Reman Inquifitors, by whom, 
 having been accufed of Herefy as an 
 Apoftate, he was kept there in Want, 
 and ill Ufage, till he died ; and his Body 
 according to the popifh Cruelty, was 
 burnt in the Field of Flora. He wrote 
 leveral Books learnedly, which are of 
 great Ufe to Proteftants, as of the Ec- 
 clcfiaftical Republick, and the Hijtay of 
 the Council of Trent ; and though his 
 Revolt was very foul, and his Hypo- 
 crify unpardonable, yet when he was 
 moft under the King's Difpleafure, and 
 fevere Check of the Bifhops for it, he 
 protefted, that he would ever juftify the 
 Church of England, as Orthodox in Fnn- 
 "damentals, and coming nearer the pri- 
 mitive Purity, than any other of the 
 Reformed Churches. 
 
 Anno 1622, Mr. William Kfliffkt, of 
 
 S H IR E. 
 
 307 
 
 Broadgate Hall, preaching at St. Peter's 
 in the Eaft, upon Palm-Sunday, upon 
 I Kings xix. 9, What dofl thou hers Elijah? 
 and fpeaking of the Perfecution of that 
 Prophet, and explaining, how many 
 W r ays he efcaped Troubles, at length 
 affirmed, That it is lawful for Subjects, 
 who are under Perfecution for their 
 Religon, to take up Arms againft their 
 Prince, who perfecutes them. Which 
 Doftrine being brought to Dr. Piene, the 
 Vice-Chancellor, Mr. Knight was exa- 
 mined about his Sermon, which he was 
 required .to deliver in Writing, and the 
 Perfons, who approved, or encouraged 
 him to preach thofe Doctrines. To 
 which he anfwered, that it was the Doc- 
 trine of Parxus, the prefent Profeflbr of 
 Divinity at Heydelburgh ; and that he was 
 chiefly encouraged in it by King James 
 himfelf, who lent Afliftance to the Rt- 
 chellers, to fight againft their King; and 
 that Mr. Herbert, Vicar of Radley near 
 Abingdon, and Mr. Code of the fame Hall, 
 were the chief Approvers of his Sermon. 
 The Vice-Chancellor having received 
 this Confeffion, imprifoned them all 
 three, and forthwith gave an Account 
 of the whole Matter to Dr. Laud, Bi- 
 fhop of St. David's, by whole Mean* 
 they were fent for to London ; and ha- 
 ving been examined before the King, 
 and Council, were committed to the 
 Gate-houfe Weftminjler. The King having 
 had much the fame Anfwer from Miu. 
 Knight, as the Vice-Chancellor, wrote a 
 Letter to him, and the Heads, that they 
 fhould keep the Students in Divinity, 
 to the Method prefcribed Anno \6 16, 
 and make a ftri& Search for Partus'-* 
 and all other Books, which teach fuch 
 faftious Doctrines, and caufe them to l.e 
 burnt, which Order they fo well obfo- 
 ved, that they ranfacked not only all 
 publick and private Libraries, but alfo 
 the Bookfcllers Shops, and had them till- 
 burnt in St. Mary's Church-Yard. 
 
 But the Univerfity did not ftop here, 
 for to mew their Loyalty, and utrcr 
 Averfion to all factious Tenets, which 
 might be made any Grounds for Rebel- 
 lion, they exrra&cd leveral Propofttiors 
 ', tending
 
 308 
 
 O XFO R *D SHIR E. 
 
 tending that Way, out of P<mej, and 
 patted "their Cenfures of them, viz- 
 
 i. Prep. That the Bimops, and Paftors 
 of the Church, may, and ought, 
 with the Confent of the People, to 
 deliver wicked, and unjuft Magi- 
 ftrates, who are obftinate in their 
 Crimes, over to Satan, until they 
 Repent. 
 
 4. frop. That private Subjcb, if a 
 Tyrant falls upon them as a Thief, 
 or Ravifher, fo that they cannot 
 Appeal to the ordinary Power, nor 
 otherwife efcape the Dangers they 
 are in, may defend themfelves, and 
 theirs, againft fuch a Tyrant, as a- 
 gainft a private Invader, that they 
 may by fuch a Defence efcape the 
 Danger, or Mifchief. 
 
 Cevfure. This Proportion is falfe, dan- 
 
 The Cer.fure was, That this Proportion 
 
 is erroneous, wicked, and deftr-utive to gerous, and wicked. 
 good Government. 
 
 And that all fuch 
 Prop. That Subje&s, employed in 
 
 Do&rines as tend 
 to the Difturbance of the publick Peace, 
 
 Magiftracy, may defend themfelves, might be rooted out of Mens Minds, fo 
 the Church, and Commonwealth, far as their Judgment could prevail, It 
 
 was declared, and ena&ed by the Uni- 
 
 verfity. 
 
 againft the fupreme Governors, law- 
 fully in thefe Cafes, i. If the fu- 
 preme Magiftrate be a Tyrant, a. 
 Or compel his Subjects to Idolatry, 
 
 i. That according to the Canon of Holy 
 
 or Blafphemy. 3. If he doth them Scripture, Subje&s upon n<| Account what- 
 any great Inju 1 ies, 4. Or they can- foever, may reiift their King, or Prince, 
 not be otherwife fafe in their byForceof Arms, nor take up Arms either 
 Dilates, Life, or Confcience. 5. Or Offenfive, or Defenfive, cither .in the 
 tinder a Pretence of Religion, or Behalf of Religion, or any other Thing 
 Juftice, they cannot get their own. againft their King, or Prince. 
 6. Yet with great Moderation, and A 2. That all Doctors, and Matters of 
 Gentlenefs, that fuch Defence be ^his Univerfity, as alfo Bachelors of 
 not prejudicial to the Laws. 
 
 Law, and Phyfick, fliall fubfcribe the 
 abovementioned Cenfure, and Decrees. 
 
 3. That all Perfons promoted to any 
 Degree in any Faculty, fliall before their 
 Admiflion, fubfcribe to the Truth of the 
 faid .Cenfures', and at the fame Time 
 take a corporal Oath, that they do not 
 only condemn, and deteft from their 
 3. Prop. Subjects may not take Arms Heart, the Propyjitions aforefaid, but that 
 without a lawful Call, either to fet they will for ever condemn and deteft 
 
 them. 
 
 :- Cenfttre. This Proportion is falfe, fedi- 
 tious, and craftily reftrained to certain 
 
 .-'Conditions, under which lies a Serpen- 
 t-wic Craft, which feditious Perfons can 
 
 > eafily extricate themfelves by. 
 
 upon Tyrants before there is any 
 Danger, or to defend themfelves 
 againft them in Danger, or to re- 
 
 At the fame Time, the King's Admo- 
 
 venge themfelves after Danger ; if nitions, and Dire&ions to all young Di- 
 they may be righted, or defended vines, mentioned Anno 1616, were or- 
 by the ordinary Power, and Audio- dered to be fet up in the Chapels, and 
 rity. Halls of every College, that none might 
 
 hercafrer offend in the like Kind ; and 
 
 Cenfure. This Proprjition fuppofeth falfe Mr. Herbert, and Mr. Code, were rclea- 
 Things, and is treacherous, and fedi- fed, Mr. Knight was kept much longer, 
 tious. viz, two Years, and then was freed by 
 
 the
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 the earneft Suit of the Earl of Oxford, 
 who carried him as his Chaplain into the 
 Low Countries. This Severity towards 
 Knight, was very difpleafing to Bifliop 
 Williams, who was Keeper of the Great 
 Seal, and feveral others. About, the 
 fame Time Mr. Gabriel Bridges was cen- 
 fured, and brought to a Recantation, 
 for delivering Ibme Doctrines concern- 
 ing God's Decrees, which were in thole 
 Times thought Heterodox, and enjoined 
 the next Term, when he was to take his 
 Bachelor of Divinity's Degree, to main- 
 tain thefe Proportions, to teftify the 
 Change of his Judgment, viz, 
 
 That God's Decree of Predeftination 
 
 is not conditional. 
 That Grace fufficient for Salvation is 
 
 not given to all Men. 
 
 Anno 1615, King James I. died, and 
 his Son Charles entered upon his Throne. 
 In his Reign what happened memorable 
 in this Univerfity, we fliall briefly re- 
 late ; and the firft Thing we meet with 
 is a Mufick Lecture, founded the next 
 Year by Dr. William Reyther, a Gentle- 
 man belonging to the King's Chapel, and 
 a Doctor of that Faculty in this Univer- 
 fity. He fettled an annual Revenue of 
 fixteen Pounds, fix Shillings, and eight 
 Pence, upon the Univerfity, upon Con- 
 dition, that they fliould pay a Mafter 
 of Mufick, who fhould Exercife that 
 Art in the publick Schools upon certain 
 fet Days, thirteen Pounds, fix Shillings 
 and eight Pence, for his Reward ; and 
 the Reft fliould be given to a Reader, 
 who once in every Term fliould explain 
 the Theory of that Art, which was per- 
 formed for one Year, by Mr. John Alli- 
 bond, of Magdalene College ; . but after- 
 wards no Alan would undertake that 
 Office, whereupon the Univerfity de- 
 creed, That the Salary of that ProfefTor, 
 with fome other Profits, fliould be given 
 to fuch a Matter of Arts, as was .named 
 by the Vice-Chancellor, and Proctors; 
 who upon the Subject of Mufick, fliould 
 make a Speech on the Saturday before 
 the Commencement, and entertain, the 
 
 Strangers that came to it, with a plea- 
 fant Confort of Mufick. 
 
 Anno 1618, There happened in this 
 Univerfity a great Conteft, about the 
 Election of the Proctors, which was at 
 length brought to the King, and Coun- 
 cil, for a Determination, by whom it 
 was fettled, that of the contending Par- 
 ties, one of each fliould be Proctors for 
 the enfuing Year ; but leaft every Year 
 fliould produce the like Brangles, the 
 King, who ftudied to keep the whole 
 Nation in Peace, but more efpecially 
 the Univerfity, confulted with his Bi- 
 fliops, and Lords, about the beft Me- 
 thods to effect it ; and was advifed by 
 Bifliop Laud, that nothing could more 
 effectually prevent fuch Contefts for the 
 future, than that the Proctorfliip fliould 
 be afligned to every College by Turns, 
 with Regard to the Bignefs of each 
 College, and Number of Students, fo 
 that the biggeft Colleges fliould have that 
 Office ofteneft. The King was much 
 pleafed with this Opinion, and took 
 Care prefently to have a Cycle of twen- 
 ty three Years drav>n up, in which Time 
 it was ordered, that Chrift-Church fliould 
 have the Proctors of it fix Turns, Mag- 
 dalene College five, New College four, 
 Merton, All Souls, Exeter, Brazen-nofe, St. 
 Johns, and Wadham, thrice, Trinity^ 
 Queens, Oriel, and Corpus Chrijii, twice , 
 and Univerjity, Bjl.i'l, Lin oln, jFffas, and 
 Pembroke, once. The Advantage of this 
 Cycle is great, for befides that it pre- 
 vents Contefts, every College knowing 
 their Turn, have Time enough to pro- 
 vide a Perfon fit to bear fo great an Of- 
 fice. The King fignified to the Univerfity, 
 this Settlement by Letters, which being- 
 read in the Convocation, were approved, 
 and eftabliflied by a common Vote, to 
 be ufed, and observed for the future. 
 This Year alfo the Dutch, and French 
 Enibafladors, vifited this Univerfity ; 
 and the King, and Queen, came noc 
 long after, whom the Vice-Chancellor, 
 and Heads, having entertained with Ora- 
 tions, and icafting, according to their 
 Greatnefs, the King knihred Dr. Brent, 
 
 Miftcr
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Matter of jHerton, and William Spencer of 
 Itvnton, in this County, Efq; 
 
 Anno 1650, April 10, The Earl of 
 Pembroke, Chancellor of this Uniyerfity, 
 idied fudflenly at Baynard's Cajlle in Lon- 
 don ', and leall fo great an Office fhould 
 1 e vacant any Time, the Heads having 
 confidcred the Matter, and being defi- 
 rous to chufe a Perfon, who would 
 prove the greateft Patron to Learning, 
 cle&ed the molt famous Dr. Laud, then 
 Bifhop of London, although Pfc/fy ^Earl* 
 of Montgomery looked upon it as 
 his Place, by a Kind of Hereditary 
 Right, bccaule he was Brother of the 
 faid Earl. Upon this the Univerfity 
 was much divided, the Society of St. 
 Joins College, being wholly for the 
 Bifhop, and making all the Intereft they 
 could for him in the other Colleges ; but 
 all the Cahlnlfts, Welcbmen, but the 
 Colleges fubject to the Vifi tation of the 
 Bifhop of Lincoln, viz. Baliol, Oriel, Lin- 
 coln, and Brazen-nofe, being entirely for 
 the Earl. Dr. Frewen was then Vice- 
 Chancellor, and finding the Univerfity 
 thus divided, he called a Convocation 
 to decide the Controverfy by Votes, 
 which fell plainly on the Bifliop's Side, 
 though the adverfe Party did give it 
 out, that he was chofen through the 
 Partiality, and Perjury of the Magi- 
 IhMtes ; but this thofe, that were mod 
 impartial to both Sides, own to be a 
 Slander, the Bifhop having the Majority, 
 though not by much. The Bifhop, as 
 foon as he had obtained the Chancellor- 
 fhip, which he declared he did not ex- 
 pet, let himfelf wholly to reform the 
 Univerfity, which was much corrupted 
 for want of good Difcipline ; and to that 
 IEnd, he ordered the Vice-Chancellor 
 to give him an Account every Week of 
 the Exercifes, and Behaviour of the 
 Scholars, and engaged him as often to 
 teftify to him his Approbation, or Diflike, 
 whicn proved a great Benefit to the Uni- 
 verfity ; and then proceeded to confider 
 flow to correct, and amend the Body of 
 Statutes, which had been long endeavour- 
 ing, but was not yet effected ; but being 
 fo neceflaiy a, Work, he rcfolved not to 
 
 be difcouraged with former vain At- 
 tempts, but if poflible, fully to effect 
 it, as we fhall fhew afterwards he did. 
 
 The Beginnings of his Chancellor/hip 
 were turbulent, by Reafon of the dif- 
 ferent Opinions then growing up in the 
 Univcrfity, which often infected the Pul- 
 pit, as was then thought; for one of the 
 Fellows of Exeter College openly declaim- 
 ed againftbowing towards the Sacramental 
 Table, and other Geftures of Adoration, 
 then ufed in the Church in Reverence to 
 God : Another of Oriel College, named 
 Mr. John Tooker, not only defended the five 
 Articles commonly charged with Armi- 
 nlanlfni) but blamed the Synod of Dart, 
 contrary to his Majefty's Injunctions to 
 all the Clergy, not to intermeddle with 
 thofe Points. The Chancellor was made 
 acquainted with thefe Irregularities, but 
 he ordered no other Punifhment at pre- 
 fcnt, but a found Admonition, leaft he 
 fhould be thought too rigorous a Magi- 
 ftrate, and fo alienate the Minds of the 
 Scholars from him, but chofe rather to 
 gain their good Opinion by fbme com- 
 mendable Actions; for, i. He procured 
 the King's Letters Patents, to annex a 
 Prebend of Cbrift-Churcb to the Hebrew 
 Lecture, becaufe he faw that Tongue 
 too much neglected. 2. He laboured to 
 bring the Scholars to wear their Habits 
 in all publick Places, and Aflemblies. 
 5. He recalled the Refpcct to the Ma- 
 tters Degree, which had been much neg- 
 lected. 4. He forbad [accumulating De- 
 grees, /. e. taking feveral at one Time ; 
 for all which he received many Thanks 
 from the Univerfity, and particularly 
 from Dr. Morris the Hebrew Profeflbr, 
 and Pro&ors, who faw the Ufefulnefs 
 of them. 
 
 But this good Temper had not the 
 good Effect intended ; fome evil Spirits 
 appeared, which created frefh Diftur- 
 bances, with Defign to create a Difaf- 
 fection to the Chancellor; the Regius 
 Profeflbr was the Ring-leader, though 
 he concealed himfelf, and put others 
 forward, of whom Mr. Thomas Hill, of 
 Hart-Halt, was the firft, who in his Ser- 
 mon on jam* i. id, fftlb upon the Fol- 
 
 4 lowers
 
 XFO R <D SHIR 
 
 lowers of Pelagius* (1. e. the Amiinians) 
 as the Abufcrs of Scripture, and popifli- 
 ly inclined ; and foon after Thomas Ford, 
 of Magdalene College, who taxed the 
 Englijl) Bifhops right down with Armi~ 
 xiaxifm, which brongh on an Appeal to 
 the King at Woodjlock, by Brian Duppa, 
 then Vice-Chancellor, touching the Proc- 
 tors of the Univerfity, who had recei- 
 ved the Appeal of two Perfons, Mr. 
 Giles Thorn of Bftllol College, and Mr. 
 William Hodges of Exeter College, who 
 lay under the Vice-Chancellor's Dif- 
 pleafure, for refufing to deliver up 
 to him the Copies of their Sermons 
 preached by them. (This Affair 
 gave the Univerfity fome Trouble 
 a While; but being referred to the 
 King, was determined in Favour of the 
 Vice-Chancellor, by the Perfuafion of 
 Bifliop Laud; and the Pro&ors were 
 obliged to lay down their Office in the 
 Convocation, and new ones were fworn 
 in their Room. After this there were 
 read in the fame Convocation certain 
 Royal Conftitutions to prevent, or pu- 
 nifh the like Offences for the future, 
 viz. i. That if the Vice-Chancellor being 
 prefent, takes an Offence at any Ser- 
 mon, or having a Complaint brought 
 him of it, lhall demand the Copy of any 
 Scholar ; fuch Preacher lhall be obliged 
 to deliver a true Copy upon Oath to 
 him, that a true Judgment maybe made 
 of it. i. That if the Vice-Chancellor 
 ftall command any Perfon to go to Gaol, 
 upon the Account of his Demerits, or 
 commit him to a Beadle, he /hall go 
 without Delay, or Relu&ancy ; and in 
 Default thereof {hall be expelled the 
 Univerfity, and never allowed an Ap- 
 peal. 3. The Delegates, who were em- 
 ployed to make a new Body of Statures, 
 rere commanded to lay afide all other 
 Care to finifli them. As to the Offen- 
 ders, who caufed thefe Stirs, Hedges re- 
 canted, and was well preferred, being 
 made Archdeacon of Worcejfer, Reftor 
 of Ripple, and Vicar of Jjampton in this 
 County ; but Thorn continued fufp^ended. 
 Anno 1633, ^ r> & ter Hejlin this Year 
 commenced an Inceptor in Theology, 
 
 ) S H I R R. 3 1 r 
 
 and gave thcfe Queftions to be difputcd 
 on, He himfelf maintaining the Affirma- 
 tive, viz. 
 
 Whether the Church hath Power to 
 determine Controversies of Faith ? 
 
 Whether the Church hath an Autho- 
 rity to interpret the Holy Scrip- 
 tures ? 
 
 Whether the Church hath Power of 
 appointing Rites and Ceremonies ? 
 
 The Profeflbr, Dr. Pr!deanx, was faid to 
 let fall fome Words in difcufling thefe 
 Queftions, which gave great Otfence to> 
 fome of the Auditors, who having tranf- 
 mitted them to the Chancellor, and he 
 to the King, the Dr. was required to 
 fend them his Judgment upon thefe 
 Queftions, which he loon after accord- 
 ingly did, in a Letter to the Chancellor, 
 wherein he anfwered the Objeftions fp> 
 fully, and clearly, that he made it ap- 
 pear, that in thole Points he had noc 
 deviated from the Senfe and Opinion of 
 the moft able Divines ; and to clear his 
 Innocency more fully, he added this 
 Proteftation, viz. 
 
 That as he did belie ve and acknow- 
 ledge one Catholick Church in the 
 Creed, fo he efteemed the Church of 
 England, in which he had from his Child- 
 hood been baptized,- and brought up, to 
 be one of the moil eminent Parts of it, 
 and fhould ever pay it the greatcfc Ve- 
 neration, &*c. 
 
 Anno 1655, The Chancellor Laud, 
 now Archbimop, beftowed this Year fonr.e 
 fignal Favours upon this Univerfity, o. : .a. 
 I. He bought nuny .Manulcripts, and 
 fent them to the Univerfity, to be 
 repofited in the publick Library, which 
 from thi> Time fwclled to a great Bulk, 
 viz.- fourteen Volumes ot Hehrev:, fifty-^ 
 five of Afs.Licli, Seventeen of P*rjW', four 
 T'ttrkif!}, forty-four Greek, three Italian^ 
 and as many Frfc,...tforty-fix -Exglijh, 
 above two Hundred Latm old Authors, 
 and forty-fix later, and feme in the- 
 German Language ; for which the Uni- 
 verfity returned him many Thanks, by 
 Letter dated My 2.8. .. 
 
 a. He
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 2. He alfo obtained of King Charles I. 
 that one of the Prebends of Chrifl-Cktivch 
 Jhould be annexed to the Office of pub- 
 lick Orator, and let the Univerfiry know 
 it, and was thanked for it ; but the Pro- 
 mife, fo far as we can find, was never 
 performed. 
 
 3. He procured a large Charter for 
 the Univerfity, in which its ancient Li- 
 berties, and Privileges were explained, 
 and confirmed, and new ones granted. 
 It was fealcd with the great Seal of Eng- 
 land, and to diftinguifh it from other 
 Grants, it was called the Caroline Char- 
 ter. The Univerfity nevertheless re- 
 turned their Thanks for it to his Maje- 
 fly, promifing never to forget the Fa- 
 vours he had fhcwn them, as they made 
 it appear in his Majefty's Troubles. But 
 notwithftanding the grateful Minds which 
 this Univerfity bore to their Chancellor, 
 as fuch ; yet when he demanded of them 
 to fubmit to his Vifitation as Archbimop, 
 they efteemed it fo much their Duty to 
 be faithful to their Oaths, made for the 
 Support of thePrivileges of the Univerfity, 
 that they refufed to. do it. The Archbilhop 
 contended for his Right, and the Uni- 
 verfity as refblutely flood upon theirs, 
 till the King, and Council was pleafed 
 to take up the Controverfy, and having 
 heard the Pretences of both Sides at 
 Hampton- Court, gave the Caufe for the 
 Univerfity, yet with fo much Difficulty, 
 that they wim it may never ccme into 
 Difpute again, leaft Favour vanquifli 
 Right. 
 
 Anr.a 1636, The Statutes of this Uni- 
 verfity, corrected, and enlarged by the 
 Chancellor's Care, were printed this 
 Year, and being confirmed by the King, 
 and Archbimop, under their relpeftive 
 Seals, were published in Bern's Chapel, 
 in St. Mary's Church, and fubfcribed by 
 all the Heads of Colleges, in Teftimony 
 of their Acceptation of them, and fu- 
 ture Conformity to them ; and for the 
 greater Solemnity, the Vice Chancellor, 
 Heads of Colleges, and Procters, enga- 
 ged themfelves in the Name of the 
 Univerfity to obforve them. The Chan- 
 cellor at the fame Time fent the Uni- 
 
 verfity a very valuable Prefent, viz. 
 eight Hebrew Books, fourteen Perfian, 
 fifty Arabick, one Armenian, two JEtbia- 
 pick, one Chinefe, twelve Greek, fixty-five 
 Latin, twelve Englifo, four French, and 
 two Irijh ', which he purchafed at no 
 fmall Charge, and ordered them to be 
 fet up in the Bodleian Library. With 
 them he alfo fent an Aftrolabe, /. e. a 
 braz.cn Inftrument to meafure the Di- 
 ftance of the Stars, given him by the 
 Learned Mr. John Selden. He alfo at 
 the fame Time, gave them the Image 
 of King Charles's Head, to be fet up by 
 thofe Claffcs in the Library, where his 
 Books ftood, adding this Reafon for his 
 Order, that he may be chiefly remem- 
 bered, who enabled me, (under God) to 
 do.fo much for you ; and be as it were 
 a Guard upon the Books, that none 
 fhould do any Damage to them under 
 the King's Eye. He added alfo to thefe 
 Things, feveral Imperial Coins, which 
 he digefte'd into fuch Order, as might 
 be an Help in Reading the Hiftory of 
 their Lives, both as to their Actions, 
 and Times. In fine, he fays, That tho* 
 his Heart was moft averfe to Idolatry, 
 yet that the fottilh Dulnefs of Heathens 
 might be the more contemned by them, 
 he had alfo fent them two Idols, the 
 ridiculous Objc&s of Superftition ; the 
 one of the ^Egyptians, and the other of 
 the Weftern Indians* This Prefent was 
 moft gratefully received by the Univer- 
 fity, and Thanks returned him for it, 
 in a Letter agreed to by the whole Con- 
 vocation. . . 
 The Plague happening about this 
 Time at London, the King, and Court 
 came down to Woodjlock, and in their 
 Way were met by the Vice-Chancellor, 
 Heads of Colleges, Pro&ors, and a large 
 Attendance of Scholars, who conduced 
 them to Oxford ', and entertained them 
 as ufual, with Sermons, Orations, Co- 
 medies, Feafting, &>c. but Infection fur- 
 ther ipreading, the Commencement, 
 and Affixes were put off", yet the fchola- 
 ftick Exercifes went on, not without 
 fome Tinfttire of the prefent Contefts, 
 and Disturbances ; for by a Decree of 
 
 the
 
 XFO R T) SHIR E. 
 
 the Congregation, this Queftion was or- 
 dered to be difputcd, 
 
 Whether the Additions, and Altera- 
 tions lately made in the Sccttip Li- 
 turgy, did give a juft Caule of 
 Offence ? 
 
 The Regents undertook to maintain the 
 Negative, contrary to the Judgment of 
 the Vice-Chancellor., which when the 
 Chancellor was acquainted with by Let- 
 ter, he leverely reproved the Vice- 
 Chancellor, for not hindering, and for- 
 bidding them for the future, medling 
 with fuch Queftions, calling the Scho- 
 lars, who were fo bold, a-s' to propound 
 fuch Queftions, foolifh Bufy-Bodies ; as 
 if no State Affairs could efcape a. Dif- 
 cuflion in their fcholaftick Exercifes. 
 
 Anno 1638, This Year that Statute, 
 concerning the Examination of all Can- 
 didates for any Degree before their Ad- 
 miffion to it, was firft put in Execution. 
 A Law, than which nothing could have 
 been devifed more for the Advantage of 
 Learning, or Profit of Church and State, 
 which therefore we fhall give a more 
 particular Account of. By it it was ap- 
 pointed, that there fhould be three Ex- 
 aminers, either Regents, or not, as 
 fhatl be thought necelTary, \vhofe Offices 
 fhall be to try the :Leiar.ning of two 
 Candidates, either Bachelors of Arts, or 
 Uhdcr-Graduatcs, for both fhafl be 
 equally fubje& to the fame Examina- 
 tion ; lor thefb Examinations, the Proc- 
 tors fhall have Power to pitch upon any 
 Day, (provided it be not an Holiday) 
 either in Term, or out of Term, if the 
 Number of Candidates fo require. The 
 Place for thefe Examinations fhall be 
 in the Natural Philofophy-School. The 
 Time fhall be from nine a-Clock in the 
 Morning to eleven, and in the After- 
 noon from one, as long as the Exami- 
 ners pleafe. At firft, Notice was given 
 of this Meeting 'by a Schedule fixed 
 upon the School-Doors, containing the 
 Names of the Maftcrs, and Candidates, 
 and appointing the Day, and Hour, for 
 fuck Examination ; but when Dr. Green- 
 
 wood was Vice-Chancellor, Notice was 
 given by the Tolling of two of the leaft 
 Bells of St. Mary's, which hath been the 
 Cuftom ever fince. Such as commence 
 Bachelors, are to be examined in Gram- 
 mer, Rhetorick, Logick, Moral Philo- 
 fophy, and Geometry ; but the Candi- 
 dates for the Matter's Degree, in Natu- 
 ral Philofophy, Metaphyficks, Aftrono- 
 my, Opticks, Phyficks, and Geography, 
 and both in Geometry, and the Greek 
 Tongue, whole anfwers muft be given in 
 the Latin Tongue ; and unlefs they can 
 give a tolerable Account of the faid 
 leveral Arts, they muft not be admitted 
 to the faid Degrees. Thefe Examina- 
 tions were to be made in the Prefencc 
 of the Vice-Chancellor, and Pro&ors, 
 and being duly performed, raifed the 
 Efteem of the Univerfity Difcipline 
 much in the Nation, and foreign Parts. 
 
 Anno 1639, The Archbifhop, who was 
 ftill the Chancellor of this Univerfity, 
 continued -to incrcafe that Part of the Li- 
 brary, which was newly erefted for his 
 Books, giving this Year diverfe Manu- 
 fcript Volumes, viz- fix teen Hebrew an& 
 Syriac, fifty-five Arabick, fifteen Perjian, 
 twenty- fix Greek, four Hundred .and 
 thirty-nine Latin, three frenth, and .as 
 many Italian, twelve Engl/Jh and Saxon, 
 three German, and one Cbixefe, with one 
 Armenian ; for which the Univerfity by 
 Letters returned Thanks to their Boun- 
 tiful Patron. 
 
 Anno 1640, The Nation now began to 
 be full of Civil Broils, and Tumults, 
 which this Univerfity had none to pre- 
 tect them from, and fo they had their 
 Share in them ; for their Chancellor, 
 who was indeed a ftrenuous Aflertor c 
 all their Liberties, and Privileges, ** 
 well as the greateft Support of Learning 
 of anv in his Time, was now fallen 
 into Difcredit with the prevailing Party, 
 and at length into the Hatred of the 
 Parliament, and fb not being able t 
 ftand up in its Defence, the unruly Ci- 
 tizens took this Occafion to invade their 
 Rights, and in fill t their Perfons. And 
 fetting afide the Power, and Authority 
 of the Univerfity Magistrates, they AV- 
 JL pointed
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 pointed a Clerk of the Market out of 
 their own Body, and in their Court- 
 Lee ts took Notice of the Paving, and 
 cleaning of the Streets, and afcertaining 
 the Prices of Candles, according as they 
 pleafed, notwithftanding that Right had 
 been veiled in the Chancellor alone, 
 from Times immemorial ; and at length 
 arrived at that Height of Boldnefs, as to 
 Arreft the Scholars by the Mayor's Pro- 
 cefs, and bring the Students, and other 
 privileged Perfons, before their Tribu- 
 nals ; and alfo to difturb the very Proc- 
 tors themfelves in their Night-Watch, 
 claiming to themfelves Felons Goods. 
 A,nd to confummate their Malice, and 
 utterly deftroy the Privileges of the 
 Univerfity., they prefented to the Par- 
 liament fiilfe, a.nd fcandalous Petitions 
 concerning the fame, with an Intent to 
 get nil its Charters repealed. The Uhi- 
 rerfity anfwered thefe Petitions thus, 
 
 That the City of Oxford neither lies 
 upon any great Road, nor yields any 
 Profit to the Kingdom by any Commerce, 
 or Manufa&ure, but feems built for no 
 other EJK!,. but for a Convenience for 
 Scholars,, and could not have any Way 
 of Subfiftencc, if the Univerfity were 
 away ; for when the Scholars left this 
 Place, and went to Stamford, the Citi- 
 zens were forced to petition the King, 
 that the Scholars might be obliged to 
 jreturn to Oxford, Icaft the Town mould 
 fee utterly ruined; after which they 
 ihcrved what miferable Havock the Citi- 
 zens had made of the Scholars hereto- 
 fore, and were ready at all Times to do 
 the lame again, &c. The Complaints 
 being thus heard on both Sides, the 
 Cauie was referred to certain Barons, 
 who having caufed the Archives, and 
 Hcgifters of the Univerfity to be fcarch- 
 ed, brought the Matter to a Dccifion,. 
 and upon ferious Deliberation, were in- 
 clined to pronounce their Judgment in 
 Vavour of the Univerficy ; but the Earl 
 f Berkfci/e, Lord High Steward of the 
 City,, interpofittg-, prayed that theCaufe 
 be left to Arbitrators. The Uni- 
 uawiffingly coafented to it,, and 
 
 thereupon on their Part named the Earls 
 of Pembroke, Dorfet, and Briftol, the Bi- 
 mops of Lincoln, and CMcbejier; and the 
 City, for their Part, chofe the Earls of 
 Bath, and Southampton, Vifcount Say, the 
 Lord Roberts, and others ; but Things 
 hanging too long, through many Avoca- 
 tions of the Arbitrators, the Houfe of 
 Lords ordered, that two or three might 
 put an End to the Difference, and fo all 
 Matters were adjufted, in forue Meafure, 
 for the prefent. 
 
 While this Controverfy was depend- 
 ing, the Populace of the City, every 
 Day and Night aflembled at Cairfax, and 
 after a rude, and tumultuous Manner, 
 traduced the Magistrates of the Uni- 
 verfity with all the reproachful Calum- 
 nies, which their Malice could invent ; 
 and aflaulted one of the Pro&ors in the 
 Execution of his Office, when he came 
 to difperfe the Rabble, then met to- 
 gether in the High Street, in Order to 
 refcue a leud Woman from Punifhment, 
 The Protor found himfelf unable to- 
 repreft fuch a Rout by his_ own Autho- 
 rity, and therefore earneftly importuned 
 the Mayor's Aid, and Afliftance, for 
 calming the Citizens Paflions, and bring- 
 ing them into Order, by which Means 
 fome of the Ringleaders were feized 
 and imprifoned; but this did not quell 
 the People, for the next Day the Rab- 
 ble met again, and grew very trouble- 
 fome; the junior Pro&or endeavoured 
 to pacify them with Advice, and Threat- 
 nings ; but they were fo far from hearken- 
 ing to him, that they hiiTed him, and 
 drove him away with Stones. The 
 Pro$or being thus provoked went away, 
 and procured a long Afliftance of Scho- 
 lars, that he might fubdue thcfe Rebels; 
 but they rung out the Alarm-BeJl once, 
 and again, to draw in the whole City to 
 their Afliftance, and had the Scholars 
 been as willing to engage in an open 
 War, as the fro ward Citizens were, no- 
 Doubt, but as bloody a Slaughter had 
 thereupon enfued, as happened in King 
 Edward Ill's Reign, i 354, but the Proc- 
 tor taking the Afliftance of the Mayor, 
 and a Bailirf, appeafed it ; and leaft the 
 
 Quarrel
 
 XF R T> S PI I R 
 
 3*5 
 
 Quarrel fhould revive, the Vice-Chan- 
 cellor ordered the Matters of Colleges, 
 that they fhould keep the Scholars 
 within their own Bounds, and not fufter 
 any of them to go into the Town, and 
 fo the Heats and Paflions of both Par- 
 ties were allayed ; but neither were the 
 Scholars at Peace among themfelvcs, 
 contending with each other in the Pul- 
 pit, and elfewhere, about both Doc- 
 trines, and Difcipline; fome being Ar- 
 minians, others Calwnifts ; fome for the 
 Church, and others againtlit; which at 
 length brought on thofe Civil Wars, 
 which ended in the Deftruftion of the 
 King, Church, and State. 
 
 The Scholars of this IJniverfity nn- 
 dcrftanding, that fome Petitions had 
 been offered to the Parliament againlt 
 the Church-Government, and Bimop's 
 Lands, thought themfelves obliged for 
 the good of themfelves, and Pofteriry, 
 and the Welfare of Church and State ; 
 to petition the Parliament to maintain 
 the eftabliflied Form of Church-Govern- 
 ment, and perpetuate it, as derived to 
 us from the Apoftle's Time by a conti- 
 nued Succeflion of Bifhoos, both in the 
 Eaft and Weft, which cannot be faid of 
 any other Sort of Church- Gonvernment, 
 ufing many. other Arguments to prelerve 
 the Cathedral Revenues, and Churches. 
 This Petition they offered to the tv.o 
 Houfes, but finding them unwilling to 
 receive it, Dr. Potter their Vice-Chan- 
 cellor carried it to the King at Whitehall, 
 who having received it, and read it, 
 faid, That he hoped, that the Univer- 
 firy did not doubt of his Favour and 
 Affeftion to the Clergy, whofe Fidelity 
 to him having brought great Troubles, 
 and Lofles on them, he would defend 
 them to his utmoft Power ; That he was 
 (enfible, how great a Crime Sacrilege 
 was, and by God's Help would never be 
 Guilty of it; That he had rather live 
 on Bread, than enrich his Trcafure with 
 the Spoils of the Church ; for if he 
 fhould add the leaft Part of the 
 Church's Patrimony to his Pofleffions, 
 he did not doubt but it would be a Moth, 
 and Ruft to devour the whole ; That all 
 
 good Learning would wither away, if 
 Honours, and other Rewards of it were 
 taken away ; and that he verily thought, 
 that the Plunder of the Church, and 
 much more the Overthrow of it, would 
 bring enJleCs Difturbances, and Cala- 
 mities upon rhe whole Kingdom ; for 
 Monarchy could not ftand, if the Hie- 
 rarchy fell. Three Days after this Peti- 
 tion, there -was a new Apology for the 
 Hierarchy drawn up, and fubfcribed bjr 
 all the Graduates of this Univer/tty, 
 except Magdalene H.itt, and New inn 
 Hall, of which Dr. Joko Wilkhfin, and 
 Mr. Chriftopher Rogers, two rigid Cahinijls t 
 were Matters ; as alfb diverfe Letters in 
 Lath, were fent to the Parliament Men, 
 fhewing their Zeal, and good Whiles, 
 for the Englifo Church, but all proved 
 to no Purpolc. 
 
 In the Month of J-une in this Year, the 
 Archbifhop for certain Caufes, which 
 may hereafter be- mentioned, laid down 
 his Chancellorfhip, and his old Compe- 
 titor, Philip Earl of Pembroke and Mont- 
 gomery took his Place, but left his Re- 
 membrance to this Univerfity, by the 
 many good Afts he did for it, belides 
 what are above mentioned, viz* i. He 
 obliged the Scholars to behave them- 
 felvcs modeltly and foberly, forbad them 
 to frequent Taverns, and wearing Hats, 
 and Boots, in which the Puritans oppo- 
 fed him, as an Enemy to their Liberty. 
 He alfo found out fuch Tutors as were 
 of unfound Principles, and would noc 
 fuffcr them to take any Pupils. 2. He 
 made a ftrift Search for Romift Priefts, 
 and Jefuits, who lurked up and down 
 the Town to feduce the young Scholars 
 by their Arts ; and fome, that had gone 
 over to the popifh Superftition, he re- 
 called to the Church ; as Henry Blrlihead* 
 whom one Kemp, a Romijh Prieft had 
 gotten over to St. Omen ; yet he brought 
 him back, and made him a Fellow of 
 All Souls, Anno 1635, where he became 
 a learned Man. 5. Such as left the 
 Church he kindly entertained, and pre- 
 ferred, as the famous CkiUingworih, and 
 Martin Wejlcomb, whom he procured to 
 be admitted into Exeter College, and be 
 R r a made
 
 0-XF-O R T> S H I R E. 
 
 made a Maftcr. 4. He defigned to have 
 erefted a Workhoufe for the Spinning 
 and making of Cloth, that all the Poor 
 might be fet on Work ; but the Times 
 broke his Meafures that Way. 5, He 
 obtained for this Univerfity, a Patent of 
 the King to eftablifh the Right of Print- 
 ing, which before they held by Pre- 
 fcription only. 6. He obtained many of 
 the Manufcripts of the learned Sir 
 Kenelm Di?by t with feveral other Benefits 
 to this Univerfity* 
 
 Upon the Prefentment of a Petition 
 to the Houfe of Commons by fome Dif- 
 fenters, whom the Parliament much fa- 
 voured, it was ordered, that no Scholar 
 fliould be obliged to fabfcribe, and give 
 hi* Aflcnt to the three Articles contain- 
 ed"' ii> the tbirty-fixth' Canon of- the 
 Church of England, becaufe (as they 
 faid) it was inconfiffent with the Liber- 
 ty; of the Subjeft. It was alfo enafted, 
 by. the fame Aflembly, that no. Scholar 
 i& either Univerfity fhoiild pay any Re- 
 verence, either at St* M-iry's, or in their 
 College Chapdls, by bowing the Head, 
 or- offering- Money to the Altar, at 
 which the Puritan Party were greatly 
 plca/edv At. the fame Time the Uni- 
 verfiiy. Commencement was forbidden, 
 which Dr. Potter the Vice-Chancellor la- 
 njoming, as a Way to bring the Arts 
 into Contempt, his Speech was fent for, 
 btit what was done to him we know not. 
 Not long after this r the Parliament 
 having been informed of fome Meetings, 
 of certain Perfons not well affc&ed to 
 tbeir. Proceedings, improved it into a 
 very- dangerous Plot, to bring an Army 
 to awe the Parliament, furprize the Tow- 
 er,- and refcue the Earl of Straffed, be- 
 tray, Portfm outh, and bring in a French 
 Army ; and thereupon contrived a Pro* 
 teftation, which they firft took thcm- 
 fclvcx, and then fent it down to Oxford, 
 enjoining the Governors of the Univer-^ 
 fity, to impofe it upon all Scholars above 
 fifteen Years of Age. The Magiftrates 
 accordingly fummoned the Scholars 
 together, and fome few took, it, but the 
 major Part refufcd, fmelling out the ill 
 of: the- Parliament; among. 
 
 whom Dr. Kettle, Prefident of Trinity 
 College, was the Chief, who pleaded, 
 that he was an old; Man, and had Oaths 
 enough upon him already ; however had 
 this Proteftation been intended to pro- 
 tet. the Proteftant Religion againft P&^ 
 pery, none of them would have refilled 
 it ; but being impofed without the Roy- 
 al Authority, and in Prejudice to the 
 Loyal Party, the wifer Men of the Uni- 
 verfity abominated it, as treacherous 
 Artifice of the Schifinatical Party ; but 
 this was after remembred, and was the 
 Caufe of the evil Ufage of many of the 
 Scholars at the Vifttation fome Year* 
 after. 
 
 The King being new at Yerk; Anno 
 1642, the Parliament gave it out that 
 he defigned to make War upon them, 
 and under a Pretence of defending, 
 themfelves, and the Nation, whom they 
 rcprefbnted, they levyed an Army, and 
 fen* out' their Emiflaries to collet 
 Money, and Plate, to pay their Army> 
 notwith (landing the King's Declaration 
 to hinder both ; wherefore' his Majefty- 
 feeing his own Danger, found it neccf-i 
 fary to -defire the Contributions of his; 
 loving Subjeth, for his own Safety and 
 Defence ; and among others fent to the 
 Univerfity of Oxford; by Dr. Richard. 
 Cba<wortK> t to borrow fuch Sum, or.Sumsas 
 might be fpared, either out of the Publick, 
 or College Treafuries, promifing to re- 
 pay them with Jntereft at 8 /. per CewAand 
 fend -it by the faid Door, whofe Not& 
 fhould be their Security* His Majefty's 
 Letters being read in a fuH'Convocation,- 
 it was agreed, that all the Money in the 
 Univerfity, Bodleian, or Mathematick 
 Cheft, fliould be lent .to the King, and 
 it amounted to 8<Jo /. befides what was 
 lent out of the College Treafuries, and 
 by the richeft of the Scholars, which^ 
 were certainly great Sums; but no* 
 where particularly mentioned, that we 1 
 can find. The Parliament at JVeftminfter* 
 foon heard of this Loan, and immedi- 
 ately fent out their Proclamation to- this 
 Effeft, viz- Forafmueh as many of the- 
 Univerfity, and' City . of Oxford^ have, 
 agreed together by their Advice\ and. 
 
 otloer.
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 other Impediments to prevent the rai- 
 fing of Aloncy by Parliament, for the 
 Defence of the Kingdom ; and particu- 
 larly Dr. John Prideaux, Bifhop of Wor- 
 cefler, Vice Chancellor of the Univer- 
 fity, Dr. Sam.Rff, Dean of Chrift -Church, 
 Dr. Accent Frewen, Prefident of Magda- 
 lene College, and Dr. Ckrijtopher Potter, 
 Provoft or Queen's College, have con- 
 trary to Law taken much Plate, and 
 Aloney from the Univerfity, and Col- 
 leges, and fent them to York, in Order 
 to maintain a War againft the Parlia- 
 ment, and Kingdom, to the great Dan- 
 ger of Religion, and the People's Li- 
 berty ; for which they have gained the 
 Confent of the Convocation ; We the 
 Lords, and Commons in Parliament af- 
 fembled, do hereby declare, that the 
 Colleges are not bound by any fuch 
 Decree, as being unlawful in it felf, 
 and injurious to their Foundations ; and 
 do therefore, that the Kingdom may be 
 preferved, and that Univerfity fecured, 
 command, and enaft, that the Gover- 
 nors, and Fellows of every College, ab- 
 ftain from any fuch unlawful Aft, and 
 fecure the Plate, and Money, till we have 
 Notice where they are depofifed ; and 
 the faid Do&ors be feized, and brought 
 to us to be puniflied for this great Crime, 
 ftraitly charging all Fellows, -and Scho- 
 lars ta obey thefe our Commands ; and 
 the Mayor, and Magiftrates of the City 
 of Oxford, to aflift them, in fb doing. 
 Further it is enjoined by the Authority 
 aforefaid, That there be Watches fee in 
 the Highways about Oxford, and on the 
 Roads going through Oxfordshire, War- 
 wickjliire, &c. to prevent any fuch Plate, 
 or Money being carried to York, for the 
 Ends, and Purpofes aforefaid. This 
 Proclamation was carried down to Ox- 
 ford by Jamei Stomforth, Richard Carelefs, 
 and John Hunt, an Herald. 
 
 This Proclamation gave great Difhir- 
 banccs to the King's Friends, which 
 \vhen his Majefty came to hear, he took 
 himfelf obliged to do what in him lay 
 to Support their Minds under the Ty- 
 ranny of the Parliament, and to that 
 Ehd fent^ them feveral Letters, the firft 
 
 x 
 
 was written to Dr. Pridr.aux from 
 ley, wherein he acknowledged the Re- 
 ceipt of their Money, snd cfteemed it a 
 great Pledge of their Love, for which he 
 Orders the Do&or to give the Univerlity 
 Thanks ; and whereas he had heard, 
 that the Parliament had fummoned them, 
 to appear before them, he willed them 
 not to obey. Another was fent to the 
 Commiffioners of Array, commanding 
 them to aflift the Scholars in Juffcrin^ 
 for their Duty to him; and if any Vi- 
 olence were ottered to the City of Ox- 
 ford without his Orders, to defend them 
 with an armed Force. A third was writ- 
 ten to the Sheriff of Oxfordshire, much 
 to the fame Efte&, to defend the Uni- 
 verfity with the Militia of the County ; 
 and a Fourth was fent to the Alayor of 
 Oxford, commanding hi in to prote& the 
 Scholars, and forbidding him, if any 
 Order of Parliament fhould come to ' 
 htm, to take up any Univerfity Man for 
 lending his Majefty Money ; but on the 1 ' 
 contrary, enjoining him to protect his 
 faithful Subie&s from all Injuries for fo 
 doing ; fo great was his Majefty 's Care, 
 for the Safety and Peace of this his Loyal 
 Univerfity. 
 
 But thcfe Pretences of the King';, in- 
 tending a War, ferved for a real Occa- 
 fion of raifing a Rebellion by the Par- 
 liament, which gathered an Army pre- 
 fently out of the Confederate Counties, 
 and made the Earl of E/ex the General. 
 The King by Proclamation from 1V, 
 endeavoured to fupprels it, but in vain. 
 This Proclamation was publiflied at Ox'- 
 ford by the Common Cryer, and ther 
 Scholars faw, they muft expect no Safe- 
 ty, but in Arms; and therefore Di\ 
 Pinke the Pro- Vice-Chancellor, (for Dr. 
 Prideaux was fled) fummoned all the 
 Scholars, . and privileged Perfons to_the 
 Schools, to have their Names regiftred, 
 and forthwith came a greut Number of 
 Scholars bringing Guns, and Pikes, 
 which they had taken out of the Col- 
 lege" Arm6uries. A few Duys after, they 
 being in Number about four Hundred; 
 met in ClriJl-Ckt:nl Quadrangle, and ; 
 began to learn to handle their Arm>.
 
 OXF,ORT>SHIRE. 
 
 and put themfelves in a Military Order, 
 in which they fo quickly improved by 
 the Directions of Mr. Wittlam Holland, 
 Dr. Tho. Ho/land's Son, and fome other 
 Captains, that they equalled veteran 
 Soldiers in their Skill, to the Wonder of 
 ail, that were experienced in Military 
 Affairs. Thefe, with a Party of Horfe 
 of about two Hundred, which the King 
 fent, under Sir John feyron, thought to 
 have defended Oxford, againft the Par- 
 liament Forces, which they cxpe&ed to 
 Come upon them every Day, having the 
 Promifes of the Citizens to be firm to 
 them; but they deceiving them, and 
 making their Peace with the Parlia- 
 ment, the Scholars dimeartened, gave 
 .over their Defign, and fo the Parlia- 
 ment Forces, tinder the Lord Fiennts, 
 g;ot Pofleffion of the Town, and plunder- 
 ing many of the Scholars Chambers, 
 made many of the DoSors, and Matters, 
 Pri loners. 
 
 Anno id43, The King himfelf being 
 row at Oxford, contrived to place a 
 Garrifon in it, and well fortify it, which 
 while he was about, the Univerfity find- 
 ing that their Chancellor, the Earl of 
 Pembroke, was fo far from protc&ing the 
 Univerfity from the bad Effects of that 
 evil Time, that he rather hindered the 
 Profits of it, petitioned his Majefty to 
 remove him ; and to that End preferred 
 thefe Articles againft him. i. That he 
 had taken no Manner of Care of the 
 Univerfity fince he was cbofen, as the 
 Confufiors in the Difcipline, and Go- 
 vernment could tettify. That he had 
 committed the Alanagement of the 
 Chancellor's Court to a Deputy, who 
 determined Matters without confulting 
 the Vice-Chancellor, contrary to the 
 Statutes and Cuftoms of the Univerfity, 
 which he was fworn to obfcrve and de- 
 fend. * That he had designedly be- 
 trayed the Privileges of the Scholars, 
 when in the Houfe of Peers, where he 
 hr.d at that Time fome Power, he fpakc 
 
 not one Word in their Favour. 3. That 
 about a Year and half fince, when the 
 Univerfity was in Danger of falling into 
 the Enemies Hands, and they petitioned 
 him to help them, he rejected their Re- 
 queft, and bad them look to their own 
 Affairs, upbraiding them with their Fi- 
 delity to the King, and bearing Arms 
 againft the Parliament, as by his Let- 
 ters may be proved. 4. That he hath 
 loaded the Univerfity-Men wirh vile 
 and opprobrious Names, calling them, 
 A Flock of moft abominable Knaves, and 
 that he favoured one of his Servants, 
 a moft inveterate Enemy of theirs, and 
 who coveted their Pofleflions, and E- 
 ftatcs. 5. That he ftudied all Ways to 
 plunder, and overihrow the Church, 
 and confequently the Univerfity, and 
 old good Literature, which would end 
 in the Deftruction of Religion, and this 
 famous Monarchy. Thefe Crimes they 
 charged upon him, and were ready to 
 prove ; whereupon the King being at the 
 Head of a Party of his faithful Subjects, 
 and knowing that the Earl promoted the 
 Intereft of the Rebels, depofed him from 
 his Chancellor/hip, and placed in his 
 Room the Marqueft of Hartford, whom 
 they proclaimed their Chancellor, Ottob. 
 14. 
 
 Anno io"4<5, Ovfcrd was this Year fur- 
 rendered to the Parliament Forces, and 
 being in their Hands, the firftThing they 
 did, was to order Things towards a Vifita- 
 tion of the Univerfity, which they had 
 refolved to make rhe next Year; and pre- 
 paratory to it, theychofe Delegates, and 
 enacted, That no Pcrfon fkall be admit- 
 ted a Maikv, ..1'a.ny College or Hall, or 
 Governor, and Prefident of the fame, 
 or a Fellow, or Scholar, or to any pro- 
 fitable Place in this Univerfity; nor 
 (hall any Scholar make any Leafe of any 
 Land belonging to any College, or Hall, 
 before they know the Mind of the Par- 
 liament in that Matter. The Delegates 
 pitched upon for this Vifitation, were 
 
 Mr.
 
 O XF R T> S II I R E. 
 
 Mr. Rohert Harris, Re&or of Hantvett in this County, formerly of Magdalene 
 
 College. 
 
 Mr. 'Edward Reynolds, heretofore of Mertcn College. 
 Air. Henry Wilkinfon fenior, late of Magdalene HaJl. 
 
 M r< 3Z*$ both of Merton Colle e - 
 
 Mr. Edward Corbet, > 
 
 Mr. Henry Cornijt), formerly of New-Inn Hall. 
 
 Mr. Henry Langley, heretofore of Pembroke College. 
 
 To thefe the Parliament gave Power to 
 preach the Word of God in any Church 
 in Oxfcrd, in Order to make Way for the 
 enfuing Vifitation of the Colleges ; and 
 for that Reafon the Courfe of preaching 
 ufed by the Univerfity was interrupted, 
 and the Do&ors, and Mafters of the 
 Univerfity were ordered to give up the 
 Pulpit entirely to them. Thefe Men 
 accordingly came to Oxford, and to make 
 Way for the Vifitation, preached at St. 
 Mary's conftantly; but doing it in a Me. 
 thod, the Scholars were not ufed to, 
 were ridiculed almoft to their Faces, and 
 were by wifer Perfons, than the Youth, 
 thought to deferve it for thefe Reafon s. 
 i. Their Prayers, and Sermons were 
 long, but frothy, and had nothing folid 
 in them. 2. To their long Prayers they 
 did not add the Lord's Prayer, which 
 was a great Otfence to fuch, as loved 
 the Apoftolick Conftitutions. 3. They 
 prayed but coldly for the King's Ma je- 
 tty, and a fpeedy End of the prefent 
 Disorders, and Tumults ; but for the 
 Parliament, and their Army, and the 
 Succefs of their Undertakings, and 
 Counfels, moil ardently. 4. They made 
 fcvere Reflexions upon fuch as adhered 
 to the primitive Faith and Piety, and 
 called the Holy Fathers of the Church, 
 and Univerfity, Dumb Dogs, having a 
 Form of Godlinefs, but denying the 
 Power of it. 5. They ufed many odd 
 Reftures in the Pulpit, both in the 
 Mouth, and Hands, which the grave 
 Academicks being not nfed to, thought 
 them fitter for a Stage, than a Pulpit, 
 which made thofe Sages leave the Uni- 
 verfity-Church (againft their Will) and 
 go to other Churches, and efpecially 
 e, where they had the Service 
 
 of the Church read, and the Word of God 
 preached in a more folid and grave Man 
 ner ; tho' at the lame Time thefe Par- 
 liament-Preachers wanted not Throng? 
 of Hearers, partly Soldiers, and partly 
 Scholars, and Citizens of the Presbyte- 
 rian Perfuafion. 
 
 Ar.ro 1647, The longed for Visitation 
 of this Univerfity now came on, by 
 which a Sort of Cormorants called Greib- 
 ert, hoped to have reaped great Pro- 
 fit from the Revenues, and Endow- 
 ments of the College?:. The Parliament, 
 called then, the blejfed Parliament, having 
 the foregoing Year prepared a Way for 
 it, gave out a Commiffion for the better 
 Government, and Reformation of the 
 Univerfity of Oxford, and of all the Col- 
 leges, and Halls thereof; as a Kb for tho 
 due Chartilement of all the O.'tenccs, 
 Abufes, and Difturbances iHrrcd up, and 
 encouraged of late ; whereof it was or- 
 dained by the Lords, and Commons in 
 Parliament aflemblcd (in the Kings 
 Name, but without his Prefence, or 
 Confent) That Sir Nathaniel Brevt, Ma- 
 fter of Merton College, John Pulixtcn, of 
 the Middle Templcj Efq; William ~Prliwe v 
 of Lincoln's Inn, Efq', William. Tipping, 
 Gent. Sir William Cobb, Knf. Gsorge 
 Greenwood, Knt. Dr. J-clm W/lkhfon, Prin- 
 cipal of Magdalene Hall, J-vbn Packer, of 
 Berkjhire, E(q; John Wtlkinfon, of Euck- 
 inebamjlrire, Efq; Mr. John IMitfs, of 
 Chrift-Ckiircb, &c. arc, and fhall be Vi- 
 fitors of the faid Univerfity, and Col- 
 leges, and Halls ; and all the Mnftcrs-,. 
 Scholars, Fellows, Members, and Offi- 
 cers of the faid Univerfity, and Col- 
 leges, and of every one of them rcfpcc- 
 tively, to inquire, hoar, and de- 
 termine of aad. concerning all Crimes, 
 
 Qtfence*,.
 
 XF RT> S HI R E. 
 
 Oftences, mid Difturbances, which may, 
 cr can be enquired of, heard, and de- 
 rermincd according to the Laws of this 
 Realm, and Cuftoms, and Statutes of 
 
 the faid Univerfity, and put fuch 
 
 an "End to them, as they fee reafonable, 
 and fit. 
 
 By virtue of this Commiflion, thefe 
 Vifitors feat a Citation to all the Heads 
 of Houfes, to deliver up all their Sta- 
 tutes, Regifters, and other Writings re- 
 lating to their Societies, and to Dr. 
 Fell, the Vice-Chancellor, to appear be- 
 fore them, and fubjeft himfelf to their 
 Inquiry, and withall tranfmitall the Re- 
 cords of the Univerfity to them ; and to 
 the Pro&ors to bring their Books, Keys, 
 &>c. but none of .them obeyed their 
 Summons at that Time; but afterward 
 'bmc of them attended to know, by what 
 Authority they were fummoned, for the 
 fJommiflion being in the King's Name 
 v.-as forged, &v. However the Commif- 
 iioners ftill fending their Citations, the 
 Pro&ors appeared .before them, and -re- 
 fufing to acknowledge them lawful Vifi- 
 xor.s, entrcd their Proreftation as Dele- 
 gates for the UniverCty : That they can 
 acknowledge no other Vifitor than the 
 King himielf, or him to whom he hath 
 granted his Power ; forafmuch, as to 
 vilit the Univerfity is one .of the un- 
 doubted Rights of the Crown, which the 
 ,L r niverfity is bound to defend as one of 
 .their chief Privileges ; and cannot for- 
 O, by fubmitting to any .other Vifica- 
 ; tion, without manifeft Danger of Per- 
 jury. Their Citations being thus dif- 
 regarded, they began to exert their 
 Power diverfe Ways, -i. They deprived 
 Dr. Fell of his Vice-Cb.ancellorihip, but 
 nominating no other, he continued to 
 A&, as ftill.in the Place, a. They made 
 one Langley, a Presbyterian Minifter, 
 Mafler or Pen/brake College, in the 
 Room of fyvry Wigbtwick, whom they 
 'had ejected, pretending, that Langley 
 us named ;by the Parliament, and 
 Wtffbtwick had been .cleGed contrary to 
 Ri^ht and Equity. 3. They prorogued 
 Che Alid'.tcl/nas Term to the fifteenth of 
 Nnembtr, v\Uich ufuajly began before on 
 
 Off. 10, but the Vice-Chancellor calling 
 a Congregation of the Regents, began 
 the Term according to the Statutes, and 
 Cuftom of the Univerfity ; however, 
 the Vifitors thereupon caufed the pub- 
 lick Profeflbrs, and Le&urers, to appear 
 before them, and commanded them not 
 to obey Dr. Fell as Vice-Chancellor, fig- 
 nifying to them, that they need not per- 
 form their Le&ures, fince they had pro- 
 rogued the Term. 
 
 Dr. Brent, and Wilkinfon, went up to 
 London to attend the Committee there, 
 and acquainting them with their Pro- 
 ceedings here, received fuch neceflary 
 Inftru&ions in Relation to Dr. Fell, who 
 making light of his Deprivation, afted 
 as Vice-Chancellor, viz, to make a. Re- 
 port to the Earl of Pembroke, the Chan- 
 cellor of the Univerfity, that he might 
 Name fome other fit Perfbn into the 
 Room of Dr. Fell, whom they had re- 
 moved.; whereupon JDr. Fell was fum- 
 moned to attend the Committee of Lords 
 in "London, which not regarding, an Or- 
 der was made to arreft him, and he was 
 carried Prifoner to London ; but Dr. Pot- 
 ter, Prefident of Trinity College, in the 
 Abfence of Fell, held a Convocation, 
 wherein diverfe Tran&&ions ; of the Uni- 
 verfity were ratified. 
 
 Dr, Pinke, Warden of New College, 
 dying this Year, and in the Time of 
 this Vifitation, the Vifitors lent their 
 Mandates to Dr. James Makers, and o- 
 thcr Fellows of that College, to hinder 
 them from proceeding to an Ele&ion of 
 a Warden, Fellow, or any Officer what- 
 foe,ver in their College ; ,but the Society 
 not being content to remain without an 
 Head, fome of the Fellows went, and 
 waited upon the Vifcount Say and .Seal, 
 and the Lord Nathaniel Fiennes, to *n- 
 treat them to ufc their IntereA with the 
 Parliament, that they might proceed to 
 a free EleSion of a Warden, but were 
 anfwered that they might chufc John 
 White, commonly .known. by .the Name of, 
 The Patri.wob of Dorcheftcr, to be their 
 Warden ; and if they prefumcd to cbule 
 any other Perfon, they would neither 
 approve, nor forgive that AHon. This 
 
 Anfwer
 
 XFO R < 
 
 Anfwer was returned to the Society, bur 
 not regarded; for within a few Days 
 after the Fellows brought on their Elec- 
 tion, and chofe Dr. Stringer to be their 
 Warden, almoft without any Oppofition, 
 although the Lord Vifcount Say, had by 
 Letters commended White. 
 
 Nov.' 15, The Committee of Lords af- 
 fembled in the Queen's Apartment at 
 Whitehall, and having taken their Places, 
 Dr. Fell, Dean of ChriJt-Churcb, was 
 brought before them, and examined whe- 
 ther a Paper then fhewn him, was the 
 Anfwer of himfelf, and the Canons, fub- 
 fcribed by him, and them, and attefted 
 by the Chapter-Clerk, and prefented to 
 the Vifitors ? To which, he faid, he 
 could not give a full and pofitive An- 
 fwer, unlels the Canons were prefent. 
 At which the Earl of Pembroke immedi- 
 ately in great Anger rebuked him, as a 
 Rebel to God, and his Country ; and 
 tho' he was not a Man of Learning, he 
 had learn 'd that Part of Knowledge,which 
 that ftubborn old Man wanted, to fubmit 
 to God, and the Parliament. The 
 Do&or had no Time to reply upon the 
 Earl, for fome of the Canons of the 
 College appearing, owned their Hands, 
 and that it was their Anfwer. After this, 
 Dr. Yell was feveral Times more brought 
 before the Committee ; and at length 
 had this Sentence patted upon him, that 
 being found guilty of great Contumacy, 
 and Contempt, in not fubmitting to the 
 Authority of Parliament, as to the Vifi- 
 tation of the Univerfity, he fliould be 
 deprived of his Deanery ; and that the 
 Subdean fhould take Care to have this 
 Order publimed in his College ; but the 
 Subdean would not do it. The Pro- 
 Vice-Chancellor, Dr. Potter, and Proc- 
 tors, were alfo at that Time fent to Lon- 
 don, to anfwer their Contempts ; and 
 Mr. Edward Reynolds, was made Vice- 
 Chancellor, and Mr. Crojfe, and Mr. 
 Button, Pro&ors. The Earl of Pem- 
 broke, being at this Time near the Uni- 
 verfity, the Peers ordered him to take 
 upon him the Chancellorfhip, which 
 ^accordingly he did, and the Vifitors 
 joining with him, created Mr, Reynolds 
 
 a Do&or, and delivered the Charge of 
 the Univcrfity to him, and the Proctors, 
 and were authorized to put Mr. Reynolds 
 into the Deanery of Chrift-Cbiircb y and 
 make Mr. Rogers, Mr. Harris, and Mr. 
 Langley, Canons. 
 
 Hitherto the Vifitors may have feemed 
 to have exercifed fome Patience, with 
 the Heads, and Magiftrates of the Uni- 
 verfity, in maintaining with great Re- 
 folution and Steadinefs their legal PoP 
 feflions, againft the Authority of Parli- 
 ament without Right, becaufe they had 
 difplaced but few ; but now they lee 
 them feel the heavy Hands of their 
 great Matters; for now it was ordained 
 by the Parliament, that all Perfons, 
 who had oppofed their Authority, and 
 kept Pofleflion of their Offices, and 
 Places, fhould be taken into Cuftody 
 for their Contumacy ; but they avoided 
 that by Flight; whereupon all the Heads 
 of Colleges were thruft out by Violence, 
 as Dr. Oliver, Prefident of JMagd.ilene 
 College, Dr. Potter, Matter of Trinity 
 College, Dr. Ratcliffe, Matter of Bra&n- 
 nofe, Dr. Bailey, Matter of St. John's, 
 and Dr. Sheldon, Warden of All Souls, 
 with whom the learned Dr. H*maunul t 
 Orator of the Univerfity, Dr. IJles, Dr. 
 Gardiner, and Dr. Morley, all Canons of 
 Chrift-Churcb, were ailb deprived : Dr. 
 Morris, Profeflbr of the Hebrew Tongue, 
 dying about this Time, the King named 
 Dr. Edward Pocock, late of Corpas Cbrijll 
 College, to be his Succeflbr in that Pro- 
 feflbrfhip, and a Canon of CMjt-Cbimb; 
 and the Parliament at the Interceilipn of 
 Mr. John Selden, ratified him, and con- 
 firmed him in both ; but he was foou 
 after deprived of his Canonry. Many 
 others there were of great Loyalty, who 
 were deprived of their Places, and Pre- 
 ferments on this Account of their Adhe- 
 rence to the King and his Interefts, too 
 numerous to be particularly reckoned 
 up ; but having Patience, and enduring 
 Poverty fome Years, they at length be- 
 came repofleflcd of their former Prefer- 
 ments, or obtained greater, as they de- 
 ferved. 
 
 S f 
 
 Th'
 
 22 
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 The ufurping Powers having eje&ed 
 all the Loyal Party by their Vifitors, 
 now began to put the Government of the 
 
 Univerfity into the Hands of fuch, as 
 fubmifted to their Power, viz.. 
 
 Dr. Edward Reynolds was Dean of Chrift-Churcl, and Vice-Chancellor. 
 
 Dr. Hen. Wilkinfon, Principal of Magdalene Hall. 
 
 Dr. Palmer, a Dr. of Phyfick, Mailer of All Souls. 
 
 Mr. John Wilkins, Chaplain to the Ele&or Palatine, Mafter of Wadham 
 
 College. 
 
 Dr. Harris, Mafter of Trinity College. 
 Mr. Cbeynell, Mafter of St. 'fohn's College. 
 Dr. Greenwood, Principal of Brazen-ncfe College. 
 Dr. Jojlua Hcyle, Mafter of Uxiverjity College. 
 Mr. George Bradfiaw, Mafter of Baliol College. 
 Sir Nathaniel Brent, Warden of Merton College. 
 Dr. Join Conant, Re&or of Exeter College. 
 Dr. J-oln Satinders, Provoft of Oriel College. 
 Dr. Gerard Langhaln, Provoft of Queen 's College. 
 Dr. George Marfitl, Warden of New College. 
 Dr. fan! Hood, Re&or of Lincoln College. 
 Dr. Join Wilkinfon, Prefidenr of Magdalene College. 
 Mr. Edmund Stattntor., Prefident of Corpus Chrzfti College. 
 Dr. Michael Roberts, Princpial of Jefus College. 
 Dr. Henry Langhy, Mafter of Pembroke College. 
 Sir Giles Sivcit, Do&or of Laws, Principal of Allan Hall. 
 Mr. Nicholas Brooke, Principal of Edmund Hall. 
 Dr. Chrijlopher Roger*, Principal of New Inn Hall, &c. 
 
 The Chancellor, the Earl of Pembroke 
 and Montgomery, was hitherto prefent, 
 and Afliftant to the Vifitors, to further, 
 and eftablifli thefe Changes ; and when 
 they -were finifhed, he left them and 
 vent to London with a good Guard, and 
 was joyfully received by the Citizens. 
 
 About this Time there was a Convoca- 
 tion, in which Cbriftopber Rogers, one of 
 the Vifitors, was created a Doftor, and 
 with him were made three Do&ors of 
 Phyfick (befides three more that were 
 incorporated,) and one Dotor of Civil 
 Law, three Bachelors of Divinity, two 
 Bachelors of Phyfick, and one Bache- 
 lor of Civil Law, and thirty-fevcn Ma- 
 fters of Arts, befides four that were ad- 
 mitted to the fame Degree from other 
 Universities ; but moft of the Mafters 
 came from Cambridge to get Preferment 
 here. Things being thus fettled, there 
 was a Proclamation fixed upon all the 
 Colleges, and Hall-Gates, forbidding the 
 Scholars to make Ufc of the - 
 
 Liturgy in Divine Service, and com- 
 manding the Heads to receive the Pres- 
 byterian Direftory into its Place, which 
 before had not been minded. After this 
 the Vifitors met, and made thefe Orders, 
 viz* i. That no Scholar, or other Mem- 
 ber of this Univerfity, of what Con- 
 dition, or Degree fo ever he be, fhall 
 depart out of the Univerfity, till he 
 hath obtained Leave of Dr. Wilkinfon, 
 the Pro- Vice-Chancellor, under Pain of 
 Expulfion. 2. That all the Members of 
 this Univerfity, in whatever Place, or 
 Degree they are, within the Space of 
 feven Days, fhall under the fame Pain 
 of Expulfion, bring an Anfwer in Wri- 
 ting, with his Name to it, to this Que- 
 ftion, 
 
 Whether they do, and will fubmit 
 themfelves to the Authority of Par- 
 liament ? 
 
 And deliver it to the Wd Dr. Wilkinfon. 
 
 3. That
 
 O XF O R T> SHIR E. 
 
 3 2 5 
 
 5. That all the Le&urers, and Pro- College, we find made, Ottoler folio wing, 
 feflbrs of Oxford, fliould return and per- Regius Profeflbr. 
 
 form their Offices, which had been neg- 
 le&ed in the three foregoing Terms. 
 And becaufe many of the Do&ors,"and 
 Scholars, who had been by thefe Vifi- 
 tors deprived, remained ftill in Oxford, 
 
 May 22, 1649, The Parliament's Gene- 
 ral, and Lieutenant General, and other 
 Officers of the Army, who had been 
 fcnt with certain Detachments of Sol- 
 diers to fupprefs the Levellers in this 
 
 Complaint, there was an Order of Par- for the Pro&or Zxncby prefentcd the 
 liament fent down to the Vifitors, that General, and Lieutenant General, with 
 the Univerfity being in Danger of Tu- their Degrees of Doftors of Laws, and 
 
 mults, and Seditions if they continued 
 
 there, they fhould be warned forthwith of Arcs; and diverfe 
 
 to depart ; and if they ftayed after fuch tulatory Speeches, 
 
 publick Notice, they fhould feize and 
 
 imprifon them, as difaffe&ed to the 
 
 Commonwealth. 
 
 Some of the Scholars brought in their 
 
 fome other Officers, with that of Mafter 
 learned, congra- 
 were made to them 
 
 by the Vice-Chancellor, Proftors, and. 
 other Heads, and Officers of the Uni- 
 verfity. This Wefcome pleafed the Ge- 
 neral fo well, that he petitioned the- 
 
 Anfwers to the Queftion abovemention- Parliament to give him Leave to fet up 
 ed, Art. z. but of twenty_-four, eight a Le&ure in the City, of which Dr. Rey- 
 
 only promifed their Submiflion direftly, nolds t 
 the other fixteen fhifted it of, which win, 
 was the Reafon that the Vifitors put out 
 further .Orders, i. That whoever refu- 
 fed to fubmit clearly, and without any 
 Condition, or Referve, fhould be re- 
 turned to the Parliamentary Delegates, 
 as not fubmitting at all. 2. That Mr. 
 Wilkir.fon fhould return the Anfwers, he 
 had received to the Vifitors. And 3. 
 That all Officers in the Univerfity, or 
 any College, fhould return to Oxford in 
 fixteen Days, and apply themfelves to 
 their Duty, and fubmit to the Vifitation; 
 which laft Article not being complied 
 
 Mr. Carrol, and Mr. Thomas Good- 
 might be the Lecturers; which 
 whether it was granted, we find nor. 
 
 At the latter End of this Year, viz. 
 Jan. 23, Philip Earl of Pembroke and 
 Montgomery, the Chancellor of this Uni- 
 verfity, died at the Cockpit near Wttteha//, 
 and was buried in the Cathedral Church 
 at Salisbury, among his Anceltors, and 
 others of his Family, Feb. S. From his 
 Death the Chancellorfhip became void, 
 and was managed for near a Year, by 
 the Vifitors of the Univerfity, and 
 Vice-Chancellor, Dr. Reynolds, then 
 Dean of Chrift-Church, under whom the 
 
 with by Dr. Robert Sanderfon, Canon of Commencement was kept, the Proctors 
 ChriJt-Church, and Regius Profeflbr of being^ J-ohn Maudit, of Exeter College, 
 
 Divinity he was deprived of both 
 Places by the Parliament's Delegates, and 
 Mr. Robert Croffe, of Lincoln College, put 
 into both; but he held not the latter 
 long ; for Dr. Hoyle, Mafter of Univerjity 
 
 and ferom Zanchy, of All Souls, this lad 
 being elefted contrary to the Cycle 
 fettled by King Charles, as is abovemen- 
 tioned. 
 
 S fa 
 
 Such
 
 324 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Such as took their feveral Degrees at this At, 1649, were 
 
 Bachelors of Arts 88, or thereabouts 
 
 Bachelor of Law, from Cambridge i 
 
 Mailers of Arts 59, or thereabouts. 
 
 Bachelors of Phyfick created 3 
 
 -- Incorporated i 
 
 John Ponttujy an Italian Chymift, had now a Licenfe granted him to praHfe 
 
 Chirur^ery throughout all England. 
 Doftors of Phyfick 5 
 
 Doctors of Divinity i 
 
 In all which Faculties many Cambridge Men were incorporated, in Order to 
 
 Preferments here, 
 
 General Fairfax, Lieutenant General Cromtvel, and diverfe other Officers of the 
 .Army, came to the Univerfity about the Time of the Commencement ; and to 
 compliment them, the Vifitors, Vice Chancellor, and Pro&ors, made an extra- 
 Creation of Degrees, to which were admitted 
 
 Robert S<rcpe, n Colonel of a Regiment of Horfe, to a Bach, of Arts Degree. 
 
 "Union Croke, a Captain in the Parliament Army, to a Bach, of Laws. 
 
 Sir Hardrefi Waller, a Colonel of Horfe, to a Mailer of Arts. 
 
 Thcmas Harrifon y Major General, 
 
 Col. Inpoldsby, Governor of the Garrifon of this City, 
 
 John Hewfon, a Colonel of Foot,. v. . /, r> a 
 
 ~,,..,. ft \ i- >to the fame Degree* 
 
 Wtttiam Gough, ditto. <T , 
 
 John Okey, a Colonel of Dragoons, 
 
 George Joyce, a Cornet, Qpc. 
 
 Thomas, Lord "Fairfax, Baron of Camerone in Scotland, " 
 
 Generaliffimo of all the Parliament Forces in England, (-^ n o f civil Law 
 
 &c. r" 
 
 CJiver Cnmwel, Lieutenant General, &c. j 
 
 Jan. 2, 1^50, The Convocation then ments which he had firft made Ufe of to 
 
 affembled, the Heads, and Members of avoid the Office) " prevail nor, and 
 
 this Univerfity, having firft obtained " that I muft continue in this Honou^ 
 
 Leave from the Committee, to make " till I can perfonally ferve you, you 
 
 choice of a fit Perfon for their Chan- " fhall not want my Prayers, that that 
 
 cellor, unanimoufly chofe Oliver Cromivef, " Seed, and Stock of Piety, and Learn- 
 
 Gencraliffimo of the Parliament Forces " ing, (fo marveloufly fpringing up a- 
 
 in England. He was then at Edinburgh in " mong you) may be ufeful to that 
 
 Sfotlavd, and being acquainted, with ' great, and glorious Kingdom of our 
 
 what the Convocation of this Univerfity " Lord Jefus Chrill, of the Approach 
 
 had done, by certain Doctors, and Ma- " of which, fo plentiful an Effufion of 
 
 fiers fent to him on Purpofe, he kindly " the Spirit upon thofe hopeful Plants,. 
 
 accepted their EleGion, and prooiifed " is one of the beft Prefaces. And in 
 
 forthwith to be a Friend to the Univer- " all other Things, I fliall by the Di- 
 
 fity, by a Letter fent back with them to *' vine Affiftance , improve my poor 
 
 ir, Feb. 4, following, in Words to this " Abilities, and Interefls, in manifeft- 
 
 liffeft, "If thefc, (w^. ibme Argu- ' ing my fclf to bs to the Univerfity, 
 
 ** and
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 tl and to your felves, &c." Which Letter 
 being read in the Convocation, the Aca- 
 demians made the Place refound with 
 their joyful Acclamations ; he held this 
 great Office feveral Years, and in 1654, 
 beftowed on the publick Library twenty- 
 four Greek Manufcripts, and munifi- 
 cently ordered an Hundred Pounds per 
 Annum, to a Divinity Reader; but in 
 1657, refigned it; and the Univerfity 
 chofe his Son Richard into the Place; 
 and he was inftailed into it at Whitehall, 
 July 29, John Conar.t, Do&or of Divi- 
 nity, and Re&or of Exeter College, be- 
 ing then Vice-Chancellor. Richard Crom- 
 well continued Chancellor, even while, 
 after his Father's Death, he was Lord 
 Prote&or, and held it after his Refig- 
 nation of his Prote&orfhip, tiW the Re- 
 ftoration of King Charles II. when Wil- 
 liam, Marquefs of Hertford, newly cre- 
 ated Duke of Somerfet, was reftored to 
 it by the Houfc of Lords; but he dying, 
 within a few Months, fuddenly, Edward 
 Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, was ele&ed in- 
 to that Office. 
 
 Anno 1651, Aug. 18, The Univerfity 
 was fo zealoufly affe&ed to the Parli- 
 ament's Interefts, that the Vice-Ghan- 
 cellor, ( who was then Dr. Greenwood, 
 Principal of Brazen-nofe College) and Heads 
 of Colleges, railed at their own Charge, 
 an Hundred and twenty Horfe, for the 
 Parliament's Service ; and allowed the 
 Governor of Oxford to. acquaint the 
 Council with what they had done, and 
 affure them, that they had engaged to 
 raife a Regiment of Foot out of the 
 Univerfity, and City. 
 
 Anno T 660, Sir Edward Hide, fomctime 
 fince made Bachelor of Arts, of Mag- 
 dalene Hall, being at this Time Lord 
 Chancellor, and of the Privy Council to 
 his Majefty King Charles II. happily 
 feated on the Throne of his Fathers, 
 having been elefted Ottob. 27, and in- 
 ftailed at Weftminjter Nov. I 5 began now 
 to exercife his Power in the Regulation 
 of the Univerfity; and having difplaced 
 Dr. Conant, Redtor of Exeter College, 
 confirmed Dr. Paul Hood, Re&or of 
 clit College, who had been nomina- 
 
 ted by the Duke of Somerfet, and admit- 
 ted him Aug. i. Vice-Chancellor. The 
 Pro&ors were chofen by the Univerfity, 
 and approved by the Chancellor, viz,. 
 Thomas Tanner, of New College, and 
 John Dod, of ChriJl-Church ; but his Ma- 
 jefty 's CommiiTioners, who were fent 
 down to replace thole Scholars, who had 
 been removed by the Parliament Vifi- 
 tors, ejected Mr. Tanner from his Col- 
 lege, fo that he retired to Hart-Hall, 
 and there fpent the Remainder of his 
 Pro&orlhip. When the junior Pro&or 
 was admitted, Mr William Hawkins of 
 Chrijt-Church, a Candidate for his Place, 
 read a Proteftation openly againft him, 
 and afterwards appealed to the Court of 
 Chancery ; but Mr. Dod ftill continued 
 in his Office, and executed it the whole 
 Year. After thefe Things were fettled, 
 a new Scene of Affairs immediately o- 
 pened it felf, and there appeared ftrange- 
 Alterations in the- Countenance, Man- 
 ners, and Words of all the Academicks. 
 Thofe, who for twelve Years laft pall 
 had governed, and carried all Things 
 before them arbitrarily, grew now much 
 difcontented, and fcarce knew how they 
 fhould behave themfelves, fbrefeeing a 
 Storm gathering over their Heads, and 
 fcarce any Poflibility to efcape it; 
 but on the contrary fuch, as had lurked 
 in Corners, and fcarce durft Ihew their 
 Heads, for Fear of the fuperior Powers, 
 who then ruled, appeared in publick 
 with chearful Looks, as though their 
 Affli&ions were at an End, and a joyful 
 Day were dawning, which loon cleared 
 up to a perfel Brightnefs; for his Ma- 
 jefty refolving to do all thofe eminent 
 Men, who had fuffered for their Loyal- 
 ty to himfelf, and Family, Juftice, ient 
 down Commiflioners to rectify all 
 Things amifs in this Univerfiry. Many 
 voluntarily withdrew themfelves, not 
 daring to undergo the Vifitation, and 
 Cenfure of thofe Perfons, whom- they 
 themfelves had before vifited, and ejec- 
 ted, not long before, which made their? 
 Proceedings much the eafier, fo> that 
 having fat fome few Weeks, they put all 
 Things to rights, yeftoring all fuch 
 
 Acade*
 
 326 Q XFO R T> S HIRE. 
 
 Aeademians, as were living, and unmar- Principles, they kept in their Places, 
 
 ried, to their refpe&ive Places, and Thus to give only fome Inftances in the 
 
 many that were peaceable and willing Heads of Colleges, 
 to conform, and renounce their faftious 
 
 Dr. Gilbert Sheldon, Reor of Lincoln College, 
 Dr. John Oliver, Prefident of Magdalene College, 
 Dr. Thomas Tate, Principal of Braz.en-nofe College, 
 Dr. Robert Nezvlin, Prefident of Corpus Chrijli College, 
 Dr. Hznnibal Potter, Prefident of Trinity College, 
 
 Who had been ejec- 
 f ted in 1648, or there- 
 vabouts, were now re- 
 
 -" J.JL.-*i*r*ftsr* J. Vt *&f ) * i \- i* v*V^XJ 1. wj. J. fl/ilt-J ^^\JlL\^fL\ f ^ /'/I 1 
 
 Dr. Richard Bayly , Prefident of St. John's College, rcd to their Head - 
 
 Dr. Francis Mancel, Principal of J-efm College, 
 Dr. Henry Wightwick, Mafter of Pembroke 
 
 I 
 
 Dr. Thomas Walker, Mafter of "Univerjlty College, 
 Dr. George Morley, Dean of Chrijl-Church College, 
 Dr. Gilbert Ironpde, Warden of Wadham College, 
 Dr. Timothy Baldwin, Principal of Hart-Hall, 
 Dr. Martin LlueUin, M. D. Principal of St. Mary's Hall, 
 Dr. John Maflet, M. D. Principal of Cloucejler Hallj > 
 
 Were Royalifts, pre- 
 ferred, for their Suf- 
 ferings, and Worth, 
 to thofe Headfhips. 
 
 Dr. Ttumas Savage', Mafter of Baliol College, 
 Dr. Edward Reynolds, Warden of Merton College, but re- 
 moved from Chriji-Chitrchy to make Room for Dr. 
 Morley, 
 
 Dr. jfchn Conant, Retor of Exeter College, 
 Dr. Robert Say, Provoft of Oriel College, ' 
 Dr. Thomas Barlow, Provoft of Queens College, 
 Dr. Michael Woodward, Warden of New College, 
 Dr. Giles Sweity LL. D. Principal of Alban Hall, 
 Dr. Tho. Tally, Principal of Edmund Hall, 
 Dr. Chrijlopher Rogers, Principal of New Inn Hall, 
 Dr. Henry Willi'infon, Principal of Magdalene Hall, J 
 
 Who . renouncing 
 their former Princi- 
 ples, and conforming 
 Vto the Government in 
 Church and State, 
 were continued in their 
 Headfhips. 
 
 This Univerfity being thus fettled un- 
 der a propitious King, and a wife Chan- 
 cellor, went on chearfully in their Stu- 
 dies, and increafed much in the Number 
 of Students ; nothing of great Moment 
 happening, in which the Univerfity had 
 Occafion to fliew it felf in publick Mat- 
 ters, fave that their Chancellor, Edward 
 Earl of Clarendon, &c. being accufed of 
 diverfe Crimes in Parliament, which his 
 Enemies forged, but could not prove, 
 was advifed to withdraw himfelf, and 
 fly beyond Sea, to avoid their MaHce, 
 which he complied with againft his own 
 Inclination ; and thereupon refigning his 
 Chancellorfhip, by his JLcuer bearing 
 
 Date at Calls, Dec. 7, 1661, the Univer- 
 fity having read it in their Convocation, 
 on the tewntieth of the fame Month, 
 elefted the moft Reverend Father in 
 God, Dr. Gilbert Sheldon, then Archbi- 
 fhop of Canterbury, who held this great 
 Office about two Years, but never was 
 fworn, nor inftalled; whereupon, J-uly 
 31, 1669, he, upon Reafons not known 
 to us, refigned all his Interefts in the 
 faid Chanccllorfbip, by Letter; and the 
 Univerfity prefently chofe the moll 
 High, .Mighty, and moft noble Prince 
 James, Duke of Ormond, Earl of Oflory, 
 and Brecknock, Lord Steward of his Ma- 
 jefty's Houihold, fife, unanuaoufly, Aug. 
 4' 4,
 
 OXFO R <D SHIR E. 
 
 3*7 
 
 4, 1669, ( having July 15, before, been 
 created Dr. of the Civil Law) and he 
 was inftalled at Worcefter Houfe, within 
 the Liberty of Weftminfter, on the twen- 
 ty-fixth of the fame Month, with great 
 Solemnity ; his Grace held the Chan- 
 ccllorftiip to his Death, which happened 
 July 21, 1688, but being made Deputy 
 of Ireland, he fupplied his Office by a 
 Deputation of the Vice-Chancellor, and 
 other Heads of the Univerfity, a great 
 Part of that Time. 
 
 Anno 1683, 35 Car. TI. Reft. s^The 
 Whig-Party, as they were then called, 
 whole Principle it was, that the Regal 
 Power might be refifted in fomc Calcs, 
 having been found Guilty of a Confpi- 
 racy of killing the King, for fome Male- 
 Adminiftrations, and particularly, that 
 though he would not do it himfelf, yet 
 would not be prevailed with to pals the 
 Bill of Exclufion, to deprive his Bro- 
 ther of the Throne, who being a Papift, 
 would certainly bring in Popery upon 
 us; the Loyal Party, called Tories, 
 thought they could not run far enough 
 from fuch dereftible Principles, and 
 therefore drained the Prerogative, and 
 the Duty of paflive Obedience to the 
 higheft Pitch. Court and Pulpit, Bench 
 and Bar, founded nothing but Subje&ion 
 unconditional, nnd without Referve. 
 Under the Impulfe of this mighty Zeal, 
 this Univerfity of Oxford in Convocation 
 aflembled, made a Decree, upon the 
 very Day the Lord Ruffel was executed 
 for the faid Plot, and prefented it to the 
 King under this Title ; The Judgment, 
 and Decree of the Univerfity of Oxford, paf- 
 fed In their Convocation, July 21, 1683, 
 again ft certain pernicious Books, and damnable 
 Doftrhies, de-jlruttive to the facred Perfons of 
 Princes, their State, and Government of all 
 'human Society. In this Decree they con- 
 demned formally twenty-feven Propo- 
 fitions, colle&ed out of thefe feveral 
 Modern Authors, viz* Buchanan, BeMar- 
 mine, Milton, Dolman, Hobbes, Goodwin, 
 and Owen, Baxter, Jenkins, Goodman, 
 Julian, the Protejlant Reconciler, &c. all 
 which they" declared to be falfe, fediti- 
 ous, and impious, and mod of them here- 
 
 tical, and blafphemous, infamous to the 
 Chriftian Religion, and dcftru&iveof all 
 Government in Church and State ; and 
 ordered at the fame Time, that the Books 
 from whence they were taken fhould be 
 burnt in the publick Court of the 
 Schools. This Addrefs was very accept- 
 able to the King, Charles II. and agreed 
 very well with his Majefty's Defign, to 
 celebrate a Day of Thankfgiving for the 
 happy Difcovery of the treafonable 
 Confpiracy on September the pih follow- 
 ing, when the Nation every where kept 
 it with the greateft Teftimonies of a fin- 
 cere Joy. 
 
 Anno 1 68^, His Majefty King Claries 
 II. died, and his Royal Brother James 
 Duke of York, was prefently proclaimed 
 King, by the Stile and Title of James. 
 II. but little Joy was obferved at it, 
 but fuch a deep Sorrow, as implied, that 
 his Acceffion to the Throne increafed 
 their Trouble for the Lofs of his Bro- 
 ther ; but he took Care to remove this 
 Damp upon Mens Spirits by making a 
 Speech to the Lords, who came to con- 
 gratulate his Succeffion, to this Efte&. 
 That he knew, the Nation 'had had a bad. 
 Character of him, but he h ped to recover 
 their good Opinion by his future Actions ', for 
 though he had refolded never to part with any 
 Branch of his Prerogative, yet he would pro- 
 mife, and firmly kesp it, that he would no 
 lejs carefully maintain the Liberty and Pro- 
 perty of his Subjects ', That he had a good' 
 Opinion of the Church of England, hs a 
 "Friend to Monarchy, and would defend, and 
 maintain it, and Jo preferve the Government 
 in Church ar.d State, as it is by Law efla- 
 blijbed. This Speech being forthwith 
 printed, gave wonderful Satisfaction to 
 the Nation in general. The Pulpits 
 fpxinded of it, and moft Men built more 
 upon the Word of a King, than any 
 Law ; and fo did not doubr, but they 
 were fecure on all Hands. Number* of 
 AddrerTes were prefently offered to the 
 King, full of Gratitude and Confidence,, 
 and 'among others the Univer/ity of Ox- 
 ford brought theirs, in which according 
 to their Principles lately publiflied in 
 
 their
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 their Decree, they promifed to obey the 
 King in all Things, without limitations, 
 or ReJtri&ions, which they were thought 
 by Tome not to make good, in the Cafe 
 of Mapdalene College Matter, of which 
 fomething may be faid afterward. 
 
 Anno 1688, July 21, James Duke of 
 Ormond, who had been the Chancellor of 
 this Univerfity feveral Years, died at his 
 Seat, Kingjlon Hall in Dorfetfiire, and the 
 Univerficy being certainly informed of 
 his Deceafe, held a Convocation the 23d 
 Day, at ten in the Morning, and pro- 
 ceeded to an Ele&ion of a new Chan- 
 cellor, which was unanimoufly fixed 
 upon his Grandfon, the Heir of his Ho* 
 nour and Eitate, James, then Duke of 
 Ormond, lately a Nobleman of Cbrlft- 
 Ckurcb College, the Son of his eldeft Son, 
 Thomas Earl of Offory, and afterward in 
 the Reign of King Wittiam III. a Knight 
 of the Garter and one of the King's 
 Bedchamber, QPc. and in the Time of 
 Queen Ann, Generaliilimoof all herMaje- 
 fty'sForces, fent againft the Kingof Spain, 
 &c. The next Day after his Eleaion, 
 there came down a Mandate from his 
 Majefty King James II. then Reigning, 
 injoyning, That George Lord Jeffries, then 
 Lord Chancellor of England, fliould be 
 ele&cd Chancellor of the Univerfity of 
 Oxford ; but the former Election not be- 
 ing poflible to be revoked, the Convo- 
 cuion returned his Majeity Letters of 
 Excufe concerning that Matter; which 
 his Majefty accepting, the Univerfity 
 proceeded to inftall the Duke of Ormond 
 at his Houfe in St. James's Square, with- 
 in the Liberty of Wejlnrinfter, Aug. 23, 
 following, which being ended, his Grace 
 made a noble Entertainment for the 
 Nubility, and his other Friends, and 
 Acquaintance, with the Academians then 
 prefent, equal to, if not greater, than 
 any, that had been made by his Grand- 
 father, or any of his Predeceflbrs in 
 that Office. His Grace held this Office 
 till the Arrival of his prefent Majeity 
 King George, when being highly difar- 
 fefted, or difgufted, he left the King- 
 dom, and was on that Account attain- 
 ted, (as he ftill remains in 1724,) which 
 
 obliged the Univerfity to choofe them 
 another Chancellor, who is at prefent 
 his Grace's Brother, Ch.arks Earl of 
 Arran, Lord Butler of TYefton, &c. 
 
 King James II. having by his Mi- 
 government in difpenfirg with the efta- 
 blifhed Laws, fetting up an Ecclefiafti- 
 cal Commiflion without any Authority 
 of Parliament, and many other irregu- 
 lar Proceedings, which manifeftly tend- 
 ed to the introducing of Popery, and 
 destroying the Proteltant Religion efta- 
 blifhed among us, and not only fo, but 
 by putting upon the Nation, (as was 
 generally fuppofed) an illegitimate Heir, 
 contriving to bring all Polterity under 
 the papal Tyranny; the Nation at 
 length grew fo unfatisfied, that by re- 
 peated Remonftrances, and Petitions, 
 they prevailed with the Prince of Orange, 
 whofe Princefs was the neareft Heir to 
 the Throne, to come over with an arm- 
 ed Force, to refcue the Kingdom from 
 the illegal Encroachments of the popifli 
 Party, and enquire into the Birth of the 
 Prince of Wales, who was prayed for as 
 the King's Son, and Heir to the Crown. 
 The Prince landed at Torbay, and from 
 thence, as foon as his Forces, and Artil- 
 lery were landed, marched forward to 
 Exeter, where having flayed a few Days, 
 and engaged certain of the Nobles, and 
 Gentry, by Sir Edward Seymour's Advice, 
 in an AiTociation to perfue with all their 
 Power, the Ends of the Prince's Decla- 
 ration, he left a Garrifon, with his Ar- 
 tillery, under Colonel Glbfon there, 
 and advanced towards London with his 
 Army. In the Way he was met, at 
 CrooKhorn, by Dr. Pinch, Son to the Earl 
 of WtncMfea, then made Warden of AU 
 Souls College in this Univerfity, who 
 was fent to the Prince from fomc of the 
 Heads of Colleges, (Dr. Gilbert Ironfide y 
 Warden of Wadham College, being then 
 Vice-Chancellor) to aflure him, that 
 they would declare for him; and invi- 
 ting him to come thither, promifing him 
 that their Plate fhould be at his Service, 
 if he ftood in need of it. This offer 
 was very furpriiing to fome, who con- 
 fidercd the fudden Turn of thefe Men 
 
 of
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 3*9 
 
 of Learning from thofe Principles, cejler, and then to have gone to Oxford, 
 
 which they had carried fo high fo Few the whole Wejl being then in his Hands, 
 
 Years before, nay, in the Beginning of if the King's Army had made any Op- 
 
 this Reign ; but when Princes break petition, becaufe that was fo much fu- 
 
 their Word, no Wonder if Subje&s do perior to him in Horfe. But the King 
 
 alfo break their Promifes : Learning ordering his Army on a fudden to return 
 
 ftrengthens Obedience to Laws, but if to London, put an End to the Prince's 
 
 Princes will command Things unlawful, Defign, fo that he alfo refolved to make 
 
 Learning teaches not to obey ; ajid fo 
 'tis no Wonder, if Oxford caft its Eye 
 another Way, when King James had 
 aed fo illegally in their own Body. 
 The Prince accepted the Invitation, and 
 defigned firft to fecure Brijtol, and G/tw- 
 
 all the Hafte he could to London too, be- 
 caufc Things being in an high Fermen- 
 tation there, his Prefence was molt 
 wanted there, and fo he went not to 
 Oxford. 
 
 Of the U N i v E R s i T T of O X F O R D in 
 
 Particular. 
 
 THE Univerfity of Oxford, like 
 others in Chrijlendom, grew up 
 from fmall Beginnings to that Eminency, 
 in which it now fliines. The Pleafant- 
 nefs, and Rctirednefs of its Situation, 
 'tis probable, brought Students to fix 
 there ; and fo long as they had certain 
 Meeting Places, (of the fame Nature, 
 as our Schools now) where fome learned 
 Men, either out of Generoflty, or for 
 fmall Salaries initiated the Youth met 
 there, into the liberal Arts, and Sci- 
 ences, they took no further Care, content- 
 ing themfelves with fuch Accommoda- 
 tions and Lodgings, as they could find 
 in the Citizens Houfes, and taking upon 
 them no Habit to diftinguim. them from 
 others; for they fought after Knowledge 
 only, and difpenled with all other In- 
 conveniences to obtain it. Some foreign 
 Univerfities are upheld after the fame 
 Manner to this Day, as Leyden in Ho/- 
 land, and feveral others. But this Way 
 of Habitation was after fome Time al- 
 tered, ad there were diverfe large 
 
 Houfes built by the Citizeas, and others, 
 and rented out to the Students, that 
 they might live together in a Society, 
 much after the Manner the Commoa 
 Lawyers dwell in the Inns of Courr, 
 and Chancery, at this Day. Thefe 
 Places, to diftinguifh them from the pri- 
 vate Houfes of Townfmen, were called 
 either Inns from the Saxon Language, 
 or Hoftels from the French, and at pre- 
 fent are called Halls. Of thefe there 
 were anciently in this Univerfity, before 
 the Foundation of Colleges, three Hun- 
 dred, Hofpitia Stttdlofvrum^ Inns, Hoftels, 
 or Halls, and in them at one Time, as 
 Richard Archbifhop of Armagh writes, 
 thirty Thou'fand Scholars; for whofe 
 Provision of Vi&uals, jtwenty Aliles 
 round Oxford were by the King's Grants 
 fo peculiarly fet a-part, that the Pur- 
 veyors for the King's Palace, were not 
 allowed to buy up any Food within that 
 Diftance. The Students at this Time 
 lived, for the moft Part, upon the cha- 
 ritable Contributions of the Nobility, 
 T t , B;fliops,
 
 XFO R T> S H I R E. 
 
 Biftiops, and other wealthy Pcrfons, 
 (fave fome few that lived at their own 
 Expence) for many Years, till feveral 
 bountiful Patrons of Learning, in their 
 Wifdom, thought meet to fettle for ever 
 plentiful Revenues in Lands, and 
 Houfcs, to maintain with Cloaths, and 
 Books, fuch Students as by Merit, and 
 Worth, fhould from Time to Time be 
 chofen thereinto ; and fettle large Sala- 
 ries, and Penfions, for ProfefTors, and 
 Le&urers to inftrut them, and an Head 
 to govern them according to certain 
 Statutes and Ordinances, made by the 
 Patrons, or Founders, which are now 
 called Colleges; but were long after this 
 ftill called Halls, almott every College 
 being founded within the Verge of fome 
 Hall, or Tenement, or having it for a 
 Part of it. 
 
 The Univerfity as a great Body, or 
 Corporation, having the feveral Colleges, 
 as it were fe many Companies, hath its 
 Officers, Buildings, Revenues, and o- 
 ther Rights, diftinS from thofe of each 
 College, though all tending to the Be- 
 nefit, and good Regulation of the whole. 
 
 I. The Officers are i. The Chancel- 
 lor, who as he is a Magiftrate of high 
 Honour, Power, and Dignity, prefiding 
 over the whole Univerfity, next under 
 the King, or Queen ; fo is he generally 
 one of the prime Nobility, or greateft 
 Prelates, moft in Favour with his So- 
 vereign ; and ele&ed by the Heads, and 
 chief Members of Colleges, to hold the 
 fame during Life. It belongs to his Of- 
 fice to manage the Government of the 
 whole Univerfity, to maintain its Liber- 
 ties, and Privileges, to call Aflemblies, 
 hear and determine Controverfies, by 
 calling of Courts, and punifhing Delin- 
 quents. He was at firft chofen by the 
 Regent, and Non-Regent Matters, 
 and confirmed by the Bilhop of Lincoln^ 
 *s Droccfan ; but about the latter End 
 of King Edward Ill's Reign, the Elec- 
 tion of him was made by the. Con voca- 
 tion. He held his Office two Years, at 
 jnoft, and for that Time was obliged to 
 refide in the Univerfity. Afterwards 
 
 this Office, which hitherto had 
 ufuallyborn by fome Matter of Arts, 
 Doftor, or Monk, was executed by Bi- 
 fhops, and at length was conferred ont 
 Laymen, of which Sir John Mafon> Knt. 
 who lived in KingErf?fW VI's Days, was- 
 the firft. Not only the Kings of England, 
 but feveral Popes, and Bifhops, have 
 granted very great and ample Privileges 
 to this fupreme Magiftrate. They are 
 fuperior to the Mayor of the City, eveiv 
 fitting in Court. He is allowed the De- 
 fignation of a Judge, or AffefTor, who 
 with him doth make a Tribunal, as the 
 Vicar General of a Bifhop, is in Law 
 efteemed to do. All the Colleges are 
 fubjeO: to him in all Caufes touching 
 his JurifHiftion ; and that he may not 
 want due Honour, he hath fix publick 
 Servants, called Beadles, with a Virger 
 to attend him within the Precints of the 
 Univcrfity,. and efpecially to every fa* 
 lemn Aflembty. During the Vacancy 
 of the Chancellorfhip, this Office is ex- 
 ecuted by the fenicr Divine in the Unt^ 
 verfity, who is called CanceHanus Natus, 
 or Chancellor born, who prefides in the 
 Choice of a new Chancellor, affixeth 
 the Seals, &>c.. till the Chancellor is 
 chofen. 
 
 2. The Lord High Steward is the nexr 
 great Officer, or Magift'rate, in the Uni- 
 verfity. He is nominated by the Chan- 
 cellor, and by his Letters Patents re- 
 commended to the Univerfity in Convo- 
 cation aflembled, for their Approbation ; 
 upon which he taketh an Oath to. ex- 
 ecute faithfully all the Duties of 'his 
 Place, and then holds it for Life. His: 
 Office is to aflift the Chancellor, Vice- 
 Chancellor, and Pro&ors, in maintain- 
 ing the Rights, Cpftoms, Liberties, and 
 Franchifcs of the Univerfity; to hear, 
 and determine capital Caufes, accord- 
 ing to the Laws of the Land, and Pri- 
 vileges of the Univerfity, wherein any 
 Scholar, or privileged Perfon is con- 
 cerned ; and to hold, and keep the 
 Univerfity Court- Leet, at the Appoint- 
 ment of the Chancellor, or Vice-Chan- 
 cellor, either by himfelf, or Under- 
 i for which Service he receives 
 yearly
 
 yearly of the Univerfity five Pounds. 
 This Office was inttituted by King Henry 
 IV. and has been executed by many 
 great, and learned Men ; but by none 
 with fo much Exa&ncfs, and Advantage 
 to the Univerfiry, as John Egerton, Lord 
 Ellefmere, and Earl of Bridgewater, who 
 had as much Learning, as Conference to 
 perform it well. 
 
 3. The Vice-Chancellor is the next 
 great Officer, in the Univerfity, and the 
 only one, that is much known, or fear- 
 ed there. He is yearly nominated by 
 the Chancellor, and loon after ele&ed 
 in Convocation. He is always the Head 
 of fome College, and muft be in Holy 
 Orders. His Office is in the Chancellor's 
 Abfence, to do almoft every Thing that 
 he might do, if he were prefent; for he 
 licenfes all Books for the Prefs, gives 
 Licenfcs to Taverns, Ale-houfes, Coach- 
 men, Carriers, B 5 ^ receives the Uni- 
 verfity's Rents, unlefs otherwife ordered 
 to be paid by the Donors ; appoints the 
 Performance of Sermons, Le&ures, Dif- 
 putations, and all the publick Exercifes, 
 causes all Panders, Whores, and other 
 -vicious Perfons to be expelled the Uni- 
 verfity, that the Scholars may have no 
 Converfe with fuch vile Creatures; takes 
 Care that the Proftors, and other Uni- 
 verfity-Officers do their Duty, Courts 
 be duly kept, and Controverfies deter- 
 mined without Delay. In fine, he is to 
 govern the Univerfity according to its 
 Laws, and Cuftoms, Privileges, and Sta- 
 tutes ; and therefore ought to be a Perfon 
 of good Underftanding, pious Difpofi- 
 tion, approved Learning, and exempla- 
 ry Life. But befides thefe Parts of his 
 Authority, there is another, which de- 
 lerves a fpecial Remark, which is, his 
 Power of dealing with Perlbns found 
 guilty, or fufpe&ed of Herefy, or Schifm, 
 which is after this Manner. At the heb- 
 domadal Meeting of the Heads of Col- 
 leges, the Vice-Chancellor may con- 
 vene -the Perfon accufed, or fufpefted 
 before him ; and if his Crime after his 
 Defence be found clear in the Judg- 
 ment, not only of himlelf, but major 
 Pan of his Afliftants, he may fine him 
 
 33 ' 
 
 at Pleafure for the firft Offence ; but if 
 the Offender mall ftill continue in his 
 Error obftinately, and be again brought 
 before the Vice-Chancellor, and Heads 
 upon the fame Account, befidcs the 
 Payment of another Fine, which may 
 be impofed, he fhall be obliged to re- 
 trad, and ask Pardon for the fame on 
 his bended Knees, in the open Convo- 
 cation-Houfe, before the whole Aflem- 
 bly, which if he refufeth to do, and be 
 convi& of his Crime, he mall be banifh- 
 ed the Univerfity. 
 
 4. Four Pro- Vice-Chancellors, or four 
 Deputies of the Vice-Chancellor, which 
 are chofen by the Vice-Chancellor, im- 
 mediately after he is fworn into his Of- 
 fice. Their Office is upon Cafes of Ne- 
 cefllty, to execute the Vice-Chancellor's 
 Duties in his Abfence, upon unavoidable 
 Bufincfs, or Death. For the Univerfity 
 cannot regularly fubfift without this fu- 
 preme Governor, the Vice-Chancellor ; 
 and therefore by virtue of his Office^ 
 he is obliged never to be abfenr, if 
 his Refidence be poflible; but there 
 are many Cafes, wherein it is morally 
 impoflible, with Safety to his Life, or 
 Advantage to the Univerfity; as when 
 an Enemy invades, the Plague, or 
 fome other infectious Difeafe, ^Perfecu- 
 tions, or the like, rage ; as alfo in Cafe of 
 fome unlucky Cafualties, or fudden 
 Death ; in which, that the Univerfity 
 may not be without a Governor, thefe 
 Pro- Vice-Chancellors may fupply his 
 Place, if it be any Way feafible; but 
 for the moft part, thefe Officers are of 
 as little Ufe, as Authority, by reafon of 
 the Vice-Chancellor's Presence. 
 
 5. ProQors are other Officers of good 
 Authority in this Univerfity. There is 
 two always yearly chofen to this Office, 
 out of the Matters of Arts of the feve- 
 ral Colleges, by Turns, according td~ 
 the Cycle, or Lift made at the Inftitu- 
 tion of the Statutes by King Charles I. 
 for the more regular Choice of Proftors. 
 They are chofen by the common Suf- 
 frage of all the Doftors, and Mailers of 
 Arts of the feveral Colleges, and being 
 prefented by the Heads to the Vice-' 
 T t 2 Chancellor
 
 33* 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Chancellor, on Wednefday in */?<? Week, and are ftill continued, though not in Co 
 he admits them in a folemn Manner, full Authority", as they were of old. 
 firft adminiftring to them the Oaths of They were anciently chofen out of the 
 
 Allegiance, and Supremacy, and the 
 Pro&ors Oath; and then delivering to 
 them the Books, and Keys, the ufual 
 Badges of their Office, under a certain 
 Form of Words. As foon as this is 
 done, the new elected Proftors take the 
 Chairs, and name four Matters which 
 have been Regents four Years, to be 
 their Deputies, who alfo take the fifme 
 Oaths. The Office of the Pro&ors is to 
 
 Mafters Regent by the Congregation; 
 but now are named by the Pro&ors in 
 Congregation in JMicbaeimasTcrm. Their 
 Office originally was to vifit all the 
 Streets of the City, and fee that all the 
 Ways leading to it were duly mended, 
 and repaired, and that all Nufanccs, 
 as Dirt, Stones, Timber, Qr>c were re- 
 moved. And if the Citizens refufed, 
 or negle&ed to obey their Commands, 
 
 attend upon the Bufinefs of the Univer- upon Notice given, the Materials were 
 fity, and more particularly in the forfeited to the Univerfity by Way of 
 
 Mulft 
 
 Courfes of fcholaftick Exercifes, to in- 
 fpeft Accounts, to name Delegates of 
 Appeals, to be Afleflbrs to the Chan- 
 cellor, or his Commiflary in all Univer- 
 fity Matters, to grant Inhibitions of 
 Caufes of Appeal, to fearch after and 
 punifh all Violators of the Statutes, and 
 Privileges of the Uuiverfity, as Night- 
 Walkers, Ale-houfe or Tavern Haun- 
 ters, and all other diforderly Perfons. 
 They have alfo the Oversight of Weights, 
 and Meafures, that the Students be not 
 wronged. Nor are the Proftors Depu- 
 ties without Bufinefs, for it is their Of- 
 fice to walk the Streets in Sermon-Time, 
 
 but at this Day a great deal of 
 their Authority is taken away by fome 
 new Statutes, yet they have fufficient 
 Power left to keep the Peace in the 
 Streets, of which they have the parti- 
 cular Care affigned them ; as alfo of the 
 Paving, and keeping them decent, and 
 clean; as alfo to take Cognizance of 
 any irregular Habits in the Scholars, ftv. 
 8. Clerks of the Market are other 
 Univerfity-Officers. They are two cho- 
 len yearly out of the Mafters of Arts, 
 Bachelors of Divinity, Law, or Phyfick, 
 the one by the Chancellor, the other by 
 the Vice-Chancellor, at the firft Con- 
 
 and vifit all publick Houfes, as often as grcgation after Michaelmas. At the En- 
 they pleafe, and bring Offenders to trance upon their Office, after takinj 
 Punifhment. Next to thefe is, 
 
 6. The publick Orator, whole Province 
 it is to write Letters of a common Con- 
 cern to the Univerfity, according to the 
 Orders of the Convocation, or Congre- 
 gation of the Vice-Chancellor and 
 Heads, as alfo to make Speeches, and 
 
 the Oath o*Allegiance, and Supremacy, 
 they alfo are fworii to be true to the 
 Interefts of the Univerfity ; and by an- 
 other Oath, to be faithful in the Dif- 
 charge of their Duty as Clarks of the 
 Market, according 'to the Laws of the 
 Realm, and Statutes of the Univerfity. 
 
 proper Harangues at the Reception of Their Office is to take Care of the Af~ 
 any Prince, or great Perfon, who comes ^ 7<l n ? v.m.1,4 TWr- O n,\ u;; n f 
 to fee the Univerfity. He is chofen by 
 the Convocation, and muft be a Matter 
 of Arts, or Bachelor of Law. He is ob- 
 liged to perpetual Refidence, and if 
 through Sickncfs, or any urgent Necef- 
 fuy, (which the Vice-Chancellor muft be 
 Judge of, and allow) he be forced to be 
 cbfcnt, he muft have a Deputy, fubiH- 
 tuted by the Vice Chancellor. 
 
 7. The Surveyors of the Streets were 
 ancient Officers of rhc Univerfity, 
 
 fize of Bread, Beer, and Wine _ 
 Weights, and Meafures; of the Prices, 
 and Qualities of Vi&uals, and other 
 Provifions; of Hay, and all Kinds of 
 Horfe Provender ; and of the juft Mea- 
 fures of Fagots, and, Coals, and to fee 
 that all Things belonging to the Market be 
 expofed to 'Sale therein ; amerce Forc- 
 frallers, and Rcgrators, or inform of 
 them to the Vice-Chancellor for that 
 End ; and if they are wanting in their 
 Duty, they are upog a juft Complaint to 
 
 be
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 be amerced by the Vice-Chancellor in 
 ten Pounds for Beer-Vcflels, and ten 
 Shillings for other Matters, as ofc as 
 they arc proved defedive in not gauging 
 the one, or minding the other. 
 
 9, The Keeper of the Archives is an- 
 other Univerfity-Officer, chofen by the 
 Convocation. The Univerfity-Archives 
 arc a Repofitory of publick" Ads, and 
 Inftruments, touching the Privileges, 
 Cuftoms, Liberties, and good Govern- 
 ment of it. The Place for keeping 
 them is the upper Room, over the Ea- 
 ftern Gate of the publick Schools, oppo- 
 fite to the Entrance into Hart-Hall. His 
 Office is to colled, and lay together 
 therein all Muniments, and Charters, 
 as well authentick, as others, which do 
 any Ways concern the Eftatcs, Poflef- 
 fions, and common Rights and Privi- 
 leges of the Univerfity, or the Endow- 
 ments of publick Ledures, and all other 
 Records, and Regifters relating to the 
 "Univerfity ; and, having reduced them 
 into fuch an Order that they may be 
 readily found, be fo well verfed in 
 them, as to be able to aflift the Chan- 
 cellor, and other Magiftrates of the 
 Univerfity, in Defence of their Rights, 
 and Privileges. The Keeper of thefe 
 Archives is allowed forty Pounds by the 
 Vice-Chancellor, who gathers it for him 
 of the Scholars at one Shilling a-piece. 
 He holds this Place, as long as he be- 
 haves himfelf well in the Judgment of 
 the Convocation, and at his Admiflion, 
 fwears to keep all the Writings fafely, 
 and not reveal the Secrets of the fame ; 
 but neverthelefs he may not deny an 
 Infpedion of the Records to any Pcr- 
 fons, who have an Intereft in them, and 
 for a Rcfufal may be removed. Befides 
 thefe Officers, which carry on the Go- 
 vernment of the Univerfity, there are 
 others fubordinate, and Servants, as it 
 v.ere to them, as 
 
 j. The Rcgifter of the Univerfity, or 
 Convocation, who is chofen in Convo- 
 tion as other Officers of the Univerfity 
 are, out of the Matters of Arts, or 
 Bachelors of Law; he* ought to be a 
 j>ttblick Notary at the TWe of the 
 
 333 
 
 Ele&ion, and mutt fwearat his Eledion, 
 to the Obfervance of the Statutes of this 
 Univerfity, and to difcharge his Truft 
 faithfully. His Office is to be prefenc 
 at all 'Congregations, and Aflemblies of 
 the Univerfity, either by himfelf, or 
 Deputy, from the Beginning to the End, 
 in their proper Habit ; and regiftcr in a 
 Week's Time all the Ads, Difpenfations, 
 Graces, Elections, Licences, Decrees, 
 and Statutes ; all Letters fent, or re- 
 ceived by the Univerfity, all Licences, 
 Indentures, Grants, or other Matters of 
 Confequence, which pafs the publick 
 Seal of the Univerfity, or Chancellor's 
 Office, and keep them all fafely. 
 
 2. Six Beadles, Cryers, or Foot Mef- 
 fengers, of which three are of a fupc- 
 rior Order, called Efqu ire- Beadles, and 
 three of an inferior, called Yeomen- 
 Beadles ; all of them, as much Univer- 
 fity Servants, as the Cook, and Butler. 
 They are conftantly to refide in thcs 
 Univerfity, and never leave it, but by 
 the Vice-Chancellor's , or Prodors 
 Leare. Their Office is to wait on the 
 Chancellor, or Vice-Chancellor, on all 
 publick Occafions, as to Ads, Church, 
 Exercifes, QPC. to denounce and pro- 
 claim the Chancellor's, and Vice-Chan- 
 cellor's Mandates, and Precepts, and at 
 either of their Commands to arreft, or 
 carry Perfons to Jail, to execute Sum- 
 mons, and Citations to all Courts, an<l 
 Univerfity-Leets ; to warn Convocati- 
 ons, attend the publick Profcflbrs to 
 and from the Schools, gather all Mulds, 
 and do many other Ads of Servitude. 
 They are chofen in Convocation by the 
 Vice-Chancel lor, and Prodor, are fworn 
 to be diligent and faithful in their Of- 
 fice, which they hold for Life, unlefs 
 they arc removed for fome great Oftence, 
 which very rarely happens. 
 
 5. The Stationer, or .Virger, who is 
 chofen after the fame Manner as the 
 Beadles. His Duty is at all publick, 
 and folemn Ads, and Aflcmblics of the 
 Univerfity, to carry a SilverRod, as the 
 Badge of his Office before the Vice-Chan- 
 cellor, to attend the grand Compoun- 
 ders to Church, and Schools, and fetch 
 
 them
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 them back again; and with ne of the Bea- remain yet to be defcribed Perfonj 
 dies to make Inventories of the perfonal of a more honourable Station, the 
 Eftares of all Scholars, ajid privileged Pillars of an Univerfityj the Fountains 
 Perfons within the Chancellor's Jurif- of Learning, and generous Propagators 
 diGion, who either die in the Precin&s 
 thereof, or any Ways forfeit the fame, 
 and having made Schedules thereof, to 
 
 render a juft and faithful Account to the 
 Magiftrates. 
 
 4. There are alfo fomc other meaner 
 
 of it. Such as are the publick Profef- 
 fors of the liberal Arts, and Sciences, 
 and Le&urers of all Kinds, which this 
 Uniyerfity is plentifully furnilhed with, 
 as 
 
 i. The Regius ProfefTbr of Divinity, 
 
 Servants of the Univerfity, which may fo called becaufe his Office was founded 
 be reckoned up to make our Catalogue by King Henry VIII. for it was firft in- 
 
 the tended, and began by Cardinal Wolfey, 
 but he falling into Dilgrace before it 
 could be fettled by AQ: of Parliament, 
 King Henry, to whom all the Cardinal's 
 Goods were forfeited upon the Score of 
 
 complete, viz. i. The Clerk of 
 
 Univerfity, whofe Duty it is, either by 
 
 himfelf, or Deputy, to ring and toll 
 
 the Bells for all publick AfTemblies, and 
 
 Exercifcs; to look after the Clock, 
 
 clean the Schools, and other publick a Premuntre, would not let this Defign. 
 
 Places belonging to the Univerfity, open fall, and fo founded the Divinity-Lec- 
 ture abovefaid, and fome others, which 
 will be hereafter observed. The Re- 
 
 and /hut the School-Gates, &>c, ^. The 
 Univerfity Bell-Man, whofe Office it is, 
 either by hin-.fv.lf, or Deputy, to give 
 
 venue fettled by the King upon this 
 
 Notice, by the Ringing of a fmall Bell, Le&urc, was forty Pounds a Year out of 
 
 of the Funerals of all Do&ors, Matters, certain Lands, and Eftates made over 
 
 Scholars, and privileged Perfons, through- to the King by the Dean and Chapter 
 
 out the whole Univerfity in a moft fo- of JVeJtminJler, and fettled by his Maje- 
 
 lemn Manner, being clad in Mourning, fty upon his College of Chrift-Chnrch, 
 
 and fo attend the Corpfe to the Church, upon the voluntary Obligation of the 
 
 and Grave, for which he is allowed a Dean and Chapter of ChriJl-ChMrch to 
 
 Fee. He is alfo, (as a Cryer) to pub- pay it annually; but befides this En- 
 
 lifh the Vice-Chancellor's Orders thro' dowment, there is a Canonry of Chrijt- 
 
 the Univerfity and City. Thefe two are Church, and the Re&ory of Ewelme in 
 
 chofen by the Chancellor, or Vice Chan- this County, annexed to this Profeflbr- 
 
 This ProfcfTor reads on Mondays, 
 Fridays, at nine a-Clock in the 
 
 ccllor, and enjoy their Places for life. 3. 
 The Bailiff of the Univerfity, who is ap- and 
 
 pointed by the Letters Patents of the Term-Timc, and his Hearers are all 
 
 Chancellor, and 
 Life. His Office 
 
 holds his Place for Matters of Arts of a Year's Standing, 
 every Year at the until they become Do&ors in Divinity, 
 
 Beginning o.f March, to take a View of or at leaft are Do&ors Standing in that 
 all the Univerfity Tenements in Oxford, Faculty. 
 
 and report the Condition of the Build- 
 ings to the Vice-Chancellor ; as alfo to 
 
 2. The Margaret Profeflor in Divinity, 
 fo called, becaufe this Office was fonnd- 
 
 makc Terrier;, thereof, and Regifter the ed by Margaret Countefs of Richmond, 
 
 fame. He alfo is to take Care of all 
 the Eftates, whether anciently, or late- 
 ly given to the Univerfity for the en- 
 dowing of Le&ures, or other Uies ; and 
 
 Mother of King Henry VII. from whom 
 fhe obtained a Charter, or Licence, 
 Mar. i, 1496, for her fo doing. She 
 from this Time maintained the Le&urer 
 
 to fei?.e, all Felons Goods belonging to at her own Expcnce, till the King's Con- 
 
 , /-* .."> / f*i* i _ i *-* 
 
 the Univern'ry. 
 4 d. per <<4>irt. 
 
 His Salary is 61. 1 3 s 
 
 firmation of him by his Charter, -Sept* 
 7, 1502, when he giving certain Re- 
 
 Thus far we have given an Account venues to the Convent of Weftminjter, 
 of the Univerfity Magiftrarrs, and Of- did by Covenant oblige them to pay'this, 
 ficcrs, as it is a Body politick ; but there Lc&urer twenty Marks fer Ann. for ever, 
 
 by
 
 O XFO R 3D SHIR , 
 
 by even Portions at Michaelmas and 
 Eajler. This Money at the Convent's 
 Diflblution pafled to the Crown, 32 Hen. 
 VIII. but that King by his Letters dated 
 June 10, of the fame Year, declared, that 
 he would not fupprefs the Le&ure ; and 
 thereupon ordered that the Chancellor, 
 and Treafurer of the Court of Augmen- 
 tations, fhould yearly pay this Stipend. 
 By the firft Charter the Countefs would 
 have this Lehire to bear her Name, 
 and that the Profeflbr mould be a Body 
 politick, to be ele&ed by all Do&ors, 
 and Bachelors of Divinity, in a Con- 
 vocation to be held every fecond Year, 
 and to read the firft Day of every Term, 
 and fo on upon all proper Days for 
 Reading on fome Parts of the Holy 
 Scriptures in the Divinity-Schools, as he 
 ftill continues. 
 
 5. The Hiftory Le&urer, founded by 
 William Cambden, Efq; Clarencieux King 
 at Arms, and Mafter of Arts of this 
 Univerfity. He gave the Manor of 
 Boxley in Kent, with all its Appertenan- 
 ces, as a Provifion for this Reader, 
 vrhich yields at prefent, for his Stipend, 
 14 /. per Ann. and after a certain Term 
 of Years, will be increafcd to 400 /. per 
 Ann. for the Ufe, and Benefit of this 
 Profeflbr. The Charter of this Dona- 
 tion bears date March 5, 1622, in which 
 Year Mr. Cambden was enrolled as a 
 publick Benefaftor. The Duty of this 
 Leturer is to read weekly on Monday, 
 and Friday, between the Hours of one 
 and two in the Afternoon, in the Hifto- 
 ry-School, upon Lucius Florus, or any 
 other approved Hiftorian of Antiquity, 
 at which Le&ures all Bachelors of Arts 
 from the Time of their Determinations, 
 and Students in Law, are obliged to at- 
 tend. 
 
 4. The Moral Philofophy LdShirer, 
 was founded, and endo\ved by Dr. Tho- 
 mas White, Prebendary, of St. Paul's, 
 Treafurer of the Church of Sarum, and 
 Canon of Chri ft- Church Oxford, who con- 
 veyed to the Univerfity the Manor of 
 'Langdor.-Hills, in the County of Effex, 
 that out of it might be paid, (befides 
 what be ordered to Mtgfaler.e-llair) one 
 
 Hundred Pounds per Ann. to this Lee*- 
 turer: He is to be cholen every five 
 Years by the Vice-Chancellor, Dean of 
 Chrift- Church, PrefidenU. of Magdalene, 
 and St. John's Colleges, and two Probrs 
 and is obliged weekly on Tuefd.y,. and 
 Friday in Term-Time, at eight a'-Clock; 
 in the Morning, to read on Ariftttle's-,. 
 Ethicks, Politicks, and Occonomicks, 
 in the Moral Philofophy School, to all 
 Scholars of one Year's Standing, till they 
 become Bachelors of Arts. 
 
 5. Two Lc&ures, the one in Geo- 
 metry, and the other in Aftronomy, . 
 founded by Sir Henry Savile, Anno 1619, 
 This good Knight obferving that the 
 Study of Mathematicks was very much 
 negle&ed here, to prevent the utrer 
 Decay, obtained the Royal Authority, 
 and Cbnfent of the Univerfity, to found, 
 and endow thefe two Leftures. The 
 Profeflbr of Geometry is by the Foun- 
 der's Order to read on the thirteenth 
 Book of Euclid's Elements, Apollonitts's 
 Conick Sections, and all Archimedes's Books, 
 and expound the fame; as alfo to tcachV 
 and explain Arithmetick of all Kinds, 
 pra&ical Geometry, or mcafuring of 
 Land, Mufick and Mechanicks, at pro- 
 per Seafons. The Profeflbr of Aftro- 
 nomy is to explain the whole Pfolemaiik 
 Syflem, and in due Seafon Copernicus t 
 Geber, and others, and to teach, and 
 read Opticks, Dialling, Geography and 
 Navigation, at proper Times ; but not 
 meddle with judicial Aftrology. Savile 
 left thele Readers a Choice Library o 
 Mathematical Books, Tables, Maps, and- 
 all Inftruments relating thereunto. Nei- 
 ther of them may accept of any.Eccle- 
 fiaftical Preferment what foe ver. They 
 may be chofen from other Nations, as 
 well as this, by the Archbifliop of Can- 
 terbury, &c. All Perfbns from two Years 
 Standing, till one Year after Bachelor 
 complete, are to attend the Geometry 
 Profeflor, and after, till they are M..- 
 fters of Arts, the Aftronomy Le&nre--, 
 under the Penalty of fix Pence a Time, . 
 for Abfcnce. 
 
 6. The Anatomy Lehirc was /bunded 
 by Mr. Richard Tomtins, who appointed -
 
 33* 
 
 XPO R T> S HI P. E. 
 
 the King's IVofeffbr of Phyfick to be 
 perpetual Reader. He is empowered 
 every Spring, by a Charter of King 
 Charles I. foon after the Lent Affixes, to 
 demand the dead Body of any Male- 
 fa&or, fufFcring Death within twenty- 
 one Miles of this City, which being deli- 
 vered to him, he is to procure a skilful 
 Surgeon to difleft it in his Prefence, 
 while he reading thereon fliews and 
 defcribcs the Situation, Ufe, Nature, 
 and Office of all the Parts of the Body, 
 at four diftinft Le&ures. He is alfo 
 every Michaelmas Term to read three 
 diftinft Lc&ures upon a Skeleton, and 
 give an Account of the Bones, their 
 Offices, and Situation. His Penfion is 
 twenty-five Pounds a Year, but out of ic 
 he is to pay the Surgeon five Pounds, 
 for preparing, diflefting, and burying 
 the difle&ed Body. All Students in 
 Phyfick, and Surgeons, in the Univer- 
 fity, are obliged to hear thele Le&ures, 
 under the Penalty of two Shillings. 
 
 7. The Natural Philofophy Lefturer, 
 founded by Sir William Sedley, of Ayles- 
 ford in Kent, Kt. and Bar. who gave by 
 his laft YVilJ, dated Offob. 29, 1618, 
 1006 /. to the Univerfity, to be laid out 
 in purchafing certain Lands for the 
 Endowment of the faid Le&urer, which 
 was done foon after by Sedley's Executors, 
 who bought an Eftate at Waddefdon in 
 'Buckinghamfiire, of I2O/. per Ann. and 
 fettled it on the Univerfity for the 
 aforefaid Purpofe. This Profeflbr is to 
 read weekly twice, viz. on Wedr.efday 
 and Saturday at eight a-Clock in the 
 Morning, and is to be heard by all 
 Bachelors of Arts under the Penalty of 
 four Pence for every Time's Abfencc of 
 any Auditor, and ten Shillings for the 
 Profeflbr's not reading. 
 
 8. The Mufick Le&ure, founded by 
 William Heyther, Do&or of Mufick, in 
 1626, for the Love he bore to that 
 Science, or Faculty. He endowed it 
 with an Eftate of fixteen Pounds, fix 
 Shillings and eight Pence yearly Rent, 
 at Chifelberjt in Kent, befidcs thirteen 
 Pounds, fix Shillings and eight Pence a 
 Year for an Houfe, and Repair of In- 
 
 ftruments ; and three Pounds a Year for 
 teaching the Theory of Mufick, at leaft, 
 once every Term. And as an Addition 
 to his Salary, Dr. Heyther obtained of 
 the .Univerfity, that the ancient Re- 
 venue of the Moral Philofophy Lecture, 
 which was forty Pounds five Shillings, 
 fhould be fettled on his Matter of Mu- 
 fick. As often, as this Profeflbrfliip be- 
 comes void, the Vice-Chancellor, Dean 
 of Chrijl-Church, Prefidents of Magdalen* 
 College, and St. John's, and Warden of 
 New College for the .Time being, have 
 the Nomination of the Succeflbr. 
 
 9. The Hebrew, and Greek Profeflbrs, 
 were founded by King Henry VIII. who 
 endowed them with forty Pounds a-piece 
 each, which is now paid to them by the 
 Dean, and Chapter of Chrifl-Chttrch, out 
 of certain Lands fettled on that College 
 for that Purpofe ; bcfides which there is 
 annexed to the Hebrew Lc&ure a Canon- 
 ry in the fame College. Not that there 
 was no Profeflbr of the Hebrew Tongue 
 in this Univerfity, before this; for it 
 was ordained by the Councils of Lyons, 
 and Vienna, about the Year j 308, that 
 there fliould be two Profeflbrs of the 
 Hebrew, and Chaldee Tongue in this 
 Univerfity, Paris, Rome, &c. which we 
 cannot but fuppofe were accordingly 
 eftabliflied ; but tis probable, that King 
 Henry VIII. augmenting the Revenues of 
 this Profeflbrfliip, which were inconfi- 
 dcrable before, might be by the Convo- 
 cation, in Gratitude, regiltred as the 
 Founder of it; as he was much about 
 the fame Time of Wolfey's College, now 
 called Chrif- Church. This Profeflbr reads 
 on TuefdayS) and Thurfdays at one in the 
 Afternoon, unto all Bachelors after 
 their Determinations, till they are pro- 
 moted to the Mailers Degree, and one 
 Year after. 
 
 10. The Law and Phyfick Profeflbrs, 
 had the fame King for their Founders, 
 and have the fame Salary of forty 
 Pounds per Ann. paid out of the Exche- 
 quer; and as an Addition to their Sala- 
 ries, there is a Lay Prebend in the 
 Church of Savum^ annexed to the Law 
 Profeflbr/hip ; and the Government of 
 
 the
 
 X FO R ! 
 
 the Hofpital at Ewelme abovefaid, to the 
 Phyfick. The Law Profeflbr reads on 
 Tuefdays, and Thurfdays, on fome Part 
 of the Civil Law, which is in Ufe in this 
 Realm, and his Hearers are all Students 
 in Law, till they are of 'Doctors Stand- 
 ing, and the Phyfick Profeflbr reads on 
 Teufdays, and Fridays at eight a Clock in 
 Morning, on Galen, or Hippocrates ; and 
 his Hearers are all Students in Phyfick, 
 till they become of Doctors Standing. 
 
 1 1 . The Arabick Lecture, was founded 
 at firft by the Authority of the Councils 
 of Lyons, and Vienna, as the Hebrew 
 Lectures abovementioned were ; but be- 
 ing again founded Anno 1636, by Arch- 
 bifhop Laud, hath a Stipend of forty 
 Pounds per Ann. fettled upon it: but 
 there are fome Lectures in G rammer, 
 Rhetorick, Logick, and Metaphyficks, 
 which are not endowed. 
 
 12. The Botanick Lecture, founded 
 by Henry Dangers Earl of Danby, who 
 having provided firft a Garden well ftock- 
 ed with Phyfick Herbs, gave the impro- 
 priate Rectory of Kirkdale in Ywkjliire, 
 to maintain a Gardiner to look after it, 
 increafe, and propagate the Herbs ; and 
 this Reader to explain the Nature, and 
 Virtues of them to young Students in 
 Phyfick. This Lecture was given about 
 1643, by Will; but the Civil Wars com- 
 ing oh, and Rents decreafing, it came 
 not intd Ufe till 1669, when Dr. Robert 
 Morifon, of Univerjity College, was made 
 the Botanick Lecturer, and Keeper of 
 the Phyfick Garden, of which we fhall. 
 hereafter fpeak fomething more under 
 our next Head. 
 
 II. The Buildings erected, and defign- 
 ed for the Ufe, and Benefit of the Uni- 
 verfity in common, without any Pro- 
 perty in any Perfon, ,or College to 
 them, of which Nature thefe are, 
 
 I. The Bodleian Library, fo called 
 from the great Benefactor, and Patron 
 of Learning, Sir Thomas Bodley. Not 
 that he was the firft that eftabliflied a 
 publick Library in this Univerfity; for 
 there was one fet up in Durham Hal/, 
 (where Trinity College now ftands) by 
 
 T) SHIRE. 337 
 
 Richard of Bury, Bi/hop of Drh.jm ill 
 Edward Ill's Days, and another by Tho- 
 mas Cobham, Bifhop of Worcejter, in the 
 Congregation-Houfe adjoining to Sc. 
 Mary's Church in 1367, which was much 
 increafed by King Henry IV. all his Sons, 
 and Nobility. But this Library was re- 
 moved by Humphrey Duke of Gkucefcr, 
 into a new Place built for it, by him, 
 over the Divinity Schools, which he 
 had juft before founded for the Benefit 
 of the Univerfity. He much increafed 
 it by two Donations of Books, and tyla- 
 nufcripts, which he purchafed almoft at 
 any Rate ; but within eighty Years 
 it was utterly deftroyed by the Corn- 
 miflioners fent down by King Edward 
 VI's Authority, to purge it from popifh. 
 Books. In this State it remained till 
 Sir Thomas Bodley, a learned Man him- 
 felf, as well as a Lover of Learn i.ig, 
 and a Gentleman of a plentiful Ettate, 
 confidering of how great Ufe, and Be- 
 nefit, a publick Library in this Univer- 
 fity would be, not only to the Student.';, 
 but the whole Nation, defired Leave of 
 the Univerfity, to furnifli Duke Hum- 
 phrey's Library again with Seats, Desks, 
 and Books ; which having done beyond 
 Expectation , he fent over Men into 
 foreign Parts to buy Books, procured 
 many Benefactions of Books, and Money, 
 and perfuaded his learned Friends to 
 fend in Manufcripts, as Sir Robert Cation, 
 Sir Henry Sa-vlle, Mr. Tho. Alkn, &c. 
 by whom his Library in a few Years was 
 fo increafed, that he erected another 
 Building at the End of the former, 
 which he made in the Fafhion of the 
 Roman T, which alfo he plentifully fur- 
 nifhed with Books, and that it might ba 
 ftill incrcafing, he made an Agreement 
 with the Stationers Company in London, to 
 give one Copy of every Book they prin- 
 ted, to his Library, and by Will gave 
 an Eftate for ever, for Salaries to the 
 Officers, and to buy Books. Sir Tlon;^ 
 died, fan. iS, 1611, after he had made 
 fome Statutes for the Government of thu 
 Library, which the Convocation ap- 
 proved of, when they declared him t.i:- 
 Founder of it. 
 
 Uu "After
 
 O'XFO R T> S JTTR K 
 
 After Sir 77>00<w's Death, the Library 
 found fo many Friends, and Benefac- 
 tors, that there are now above the Num- 
 ber he left in ity threefold. For foon 
 after, 
 
 The Earl of Pembroke, by the Perfua- 
 fion of Archbifiiop Laud, gave almoft 
 all the Collection of Greek Manufcripts, 
 which Francis Baroccio, the Venetian, had 
 gathered together with great Pains and 
 Colls, thought to be the moft valuable 
 Collection, that ever came into England 
 at once. The Earl referved twenty-two 
 of them for his own Ufe, which Cromwell 
 bought and gave ; Sir Thomas Roe added 
 another Choice Parcel of Greek Manu- 
 fcripts. 
 
 Sir Kenelm Digfy, alfo presented a 
 great Parcel of Manufcripts new bound, 
 which he had gotten in his Travels. 
 And Archbifhop Land having fent into 
 the Eajl to buy Oriental Manufcripts, 
 and to the Marts in Germany, procured 
 thirteen Hundred large Volumes of Books, 
 written in above twenty Languages. By 
 this Brfhop's Inftigation, the Univerfity 
 added another Building to Duk& Hum- 
 phrey's Library, which brought it into the 
 Shape of a Roman H, where befides the 
 Books before mentioned, the moft ex- 
 .ccllent Study of the learned John Selden, 
 of the Inner Temple, London, Efq; is 
 placed. Many other Benefaftors have 
 much increafed this Library, General 
 Fairfax, afterwards Lord Fairfax, Dr. 
 " /, Reftor of Lincoln College, Dr. 
 
 Barlow, late Lord Bimop^ oF Lincoln, 
 which with certain Libraries purchafed 
 by the Univerfity, of Dr. Hutington t . 
 M'r. Greavet, and Dr. Pocock, have made^ 
 it the largeft Uniyerfity-Library in E- 
 rope', and perhaps all Things confidered,. 
 the moft valuable, except the Emperor's, 
 and French King's. The prefent Keeper 
 of this Library is. the learned Dr. Hud- 
 fon> whofe Salary is about forty Pounds 
 per Ann. Befides this Library, there are 
 others vefted in the Univerfity,. w;:. the 
 SavlHan by the Geometry Schools, and. 
 the AJbwolean,. by the Muf<eum<, both well 
 flocked with Manufcripts proper for 
 their Places. 
 
 2. The Mufaum AJbmoIeanum, a large 
 and' ftately ftone Building, ereCted at the 
 Charge of the Univcrfity, for the pro- 
 moting, and carrying on curious Expe- 
 riments in Phyfick, and natural Philo- 
 fophy. It borders on the Weft End of 
 the Theatre, and fronts the Street 
 Northward about fixty. Foot in Length. 
 It was began April 14, 1679, and finifh- 
 ed Jbfar.io, 1683, at which Time a rich 
 and noble Collection of Curiofities, was 
 prefented to the Univerfity by Elias. 
 Ajhmole, Efq;. and being therein depo- 
 fited, were put into Order by the Care^ 
 and Diligence of Dr. Plot, who at the 
 Donor's Requeft was intruded with the- 
 Cuftody of this Muf&ttm, which bears 
 this Infcription, over the Entrance, in 
 gilt Characters, 
 
 MUSJEUM ASHMOLEANUM, SCHOLA NATURALIS 
 HISTORIJE OFFICINA CHYMICA. 
 
 Many Acceflions have been made to the 
 Rarities firft given by feveral curious 
 Pcrfons, as Dr. Robert Huntingdon, who 
 has given many JEgyptian^ Hierogly- 
 phicks, and other Antiquities ; Mr. 
 Aaron Goodyear, who prefented it with an 
 entire Mummy ; Dr. Martin Lifter) who 
 bcftowed on the Univcrfity, a large Ca- 
 binet of Natural Rarities of his own 
 collecting, and feveral Roman Antiqui- 
 ties, as Altars, Medals, Lamps, &Y. 
 found in England: and the Reverend 
 
 Dr. Pcund hath alfo given many, excel- 
 lent Collections of Plants, and Animals,, 
 brought with him from China, ami pre- 
 ferved in Spirits of Wine. Letter Dona- 
 tions, and Prefcnts of the fame Sort, 
 come in almoft every. Day, fo that it is 
 juftly believed, that in^ a few Years> it 
 will be one of the moft rich Repofito- 
 ries of curious Things in Eurotit. The 
 prefect Keeper thereof, is Mr. David, 
 Pawy, of Jefus Collage, who was ap- 
 pointed by the Vice-Chancellor. 
 
 3, The
 
 
 
 Q R Z> SHIR E. 
 
 339 
 
 -5. The PubJrck Schools buiit by the 
 Heads of the Univerfity, foon afccr Sir 
 Tbcmta Bodley had ereted the pwblick 
 Library ; for to make the whole an 
 Hmndibiine Qpadrangie, they added three 
 pther Sides, dividing them into oonvc- 
 jrieot Rooms for the Exercrfes, and 
 Difputations of the Students in the feve- 
 ral Faculties of Learning: but not be- 
 ing able to do it of themfelves, they by 
 the Advice, and Afliftance of Sir Thomas 
 Bcdley, made Hich Application to federal 
 wealthy and eminent Perfons, as that in 
 a little Time they accompliflied their 
 Defign ; for Sir John Bennet, Judge of 
 the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 
 promifed to be at the tenth Part of the 
 Expcnce in the Purchafe of the Ground, 
 which was obtained at a very high Rate. 
 About the fame Time many of the 
 Nobility, and Bifliops, and feveral of 
 the Clergy, and Gentry, fent alfo fuch 
 Contributions, as amounted to the Sum 
 of twelve Hundred Pounds ; but this 
 not being fufficient to finifli this laud- 
 able Defign, the Work ftood dormant 
 tijl Bod-ley died, and left the Univerfity 
 till his real, and perfonal Eftate, to be 
 laid out upon the Library, and this 
 Building ; by which Means, with feve- 
 ral Contributions, that came in foon 
 after, the whole Defign was compleated. 
 
 The federal Schools thus ere&ed, 
 were thus appropriated to the feveral 
 Arts, and Sciences, for the Ufe of the 
 Students in them, viz. On the South 
 Side of the Court, up one Story, is the 
 Anatomy School, and next it the Rhe- 
 torick School on the fame Floor. This 
 Story was firft appropriated to Hebrew, 
 and Mufick. Under the Anatomy 
 School is that for Natural Philofophy, 
 and the Rhetorick School, that for Mu- 
 fick. On the North Side of the Court 
 is placed the Civil Law School and un- 
 der it tho Moral Philofophy School ; and 
 adjoining to the Law School, is the School 
 01 Languages, heretofore only peculiar 
 to the Greek Tongue, but now common 
 to all the learned Languages ; and un- 
 der this School lies the Grammar and 
 Hiftory Schools. On the Eaft Side of 
 
 the Court are built four Schools alfo, -of 
 which of the two upper, one TS appro- 
 priated to Geometry, and Arithmetick, 
 and the other to Aftronomy ; and under 
 thcfe two are Metaphyfick and Logick 
 Schools. Thefe twelve are called the 
 Schools of Arts, and in them the Pro- 
 feffors have Chairs, and Auditors Bench- 
 es to fit on, in the Time of Reading, 
 or difputing. The Divinity School on 
 the Weft Side of the Court was built on 
 a certain Parcel of Ground purehafefd. 
 of Baliol College, by the Contributions 
 partly of the Benediftir.e, and Attain Fri- 
 ars, met in their general Chapter at 
 fforibamptvn, Archbifhop Chicheley, the 
 Deans of St. Paul's, Sarttm, Wells, Exeter, 
 Lincoln, and many others ; but chiefly 1 
 by the Gcneroficy of Humphry Duke of 
 Glaucefter, who therefore dcfervedly bears 
 the Name of the Founder of it ; for he 
 not only gave liberally to it, but under- 
 ftanding, that the Story over it would 
 make a convenient Place for a Library, 
 as being free from the Noife of all 
 fecular Employments, he rranfmitted 
 Money immediately for building it, and 
 at his Death left bcfides an Hundred 
 Pounds to complete it, and a great Num- 
 ber of Manufcripts to fumifrTit ; but of 
 this fee more in the Head about the 
 Bodleian Library above. 
 
 4. The Theatre, a ftupendous Fa- 
 brick, fituated North- Weft of the Schools, 
 founded by Gilbert Sheidon, Archbifliop 
 of Canterbury, who hereby freed St. 
 Mary's Church from the many Indecen- 
 cies committed at the Aft, while the 
 fcholaftical Excrcifes for Degrees were 
 there performed. The Univerfity fen- 
 fible that fuch a Building was wanting 
 had purchafed feveral Houfcs, and pul- 
 led them down in Order to eret it, not 
 doubting, but they mould meet with 
 well difpofed Perfons enough to go on 
 with it by their Contributions, and 
 found a considerable one prelently, 
 which was the moft Reverend the fa id 
 Archbifliop, who gave them a Thoufand 
 Pounds. With this Encouragement the 
 Univerfity began the Structure July 6, 
 1664, r ^ e Vice-Chancellor, the Bifliops 
 U u * rf
 
 34 
 
 of Gloucester, Wive'hejler, and Oxford, the 
 Heads of Colleges, and Halls, with the 
 Pro&ors, and many Doftors, and Ma- 
 tters of Arts, went to the Place in their 
 proper Habits, and having walked round 
 the Ground, the publick Orator made a 
 Speech, and the Vice-Chancellor, and 
 Dr. Morley, Bifhop of Wtncbefter, laid 
 the Foundation-Stone, laying Silver and 
 Gold thereon, as did alfo the other 
 Bilhops, Doftors, Pro&ors, and others. 
 The next Day many Workmen went on 
 with the Building, and brought it up to 
 the Surface of the Ground before the 
 Winter ; but by that Time, the Univer- 
 fity found themfelves deceived in their 
 Expectations of Contributors, and fear- 
 ed their Building muft have come to 
 nothing; but the good Archbimop would 
 not fuffer.fo good a Defign to fall, and 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 is fupported without the Help of any 
 Beams, and adorned with fine Paintings, 
 and under it are all Conveniences for 
 printing. The whole Expence beftowed 
 upon it is computed at fifteen Thoufand 
 Pounds; but befides To large a Sum, 
 the Archbifhop gave two Thoufand 
 Pounds to purchafe an Eftate to repair 
 any Defefts, and Dilapidations, which 
 by Time, or other outward Accidents, 
 might happen to this Structure, to re- 
 pair, and put them , in Order; and, if 
 any Thing was overplus, to be employed 
 to encourage printing. f 
 
 5. The Phyfick Garden, commodi- 
 oufly fituated by the River Cher-well, 
 founded, .built, and the Donation there- 
 of made in 1632, by that munificent 
 Benefa&or Henry Danvers t Earl of Dan- 
 by, then living at his Houfe at Cornbury 
 
 therefore refolved to bear the whole Ex- 'in this Shire. He purchafed the Ground, 
 
 which is five Acres, of Magdalene Col- 
 lege, and erected round it moft magni- 
 ficent Walls, and Gates of the beft 
 fquared, and polifhed Stone, which coft 
 him five, or fix Hundred Pounds. The 
 chief Gate is of the corn pofit Order of 
 Building, and on the outfide is this In- 
 fcription in Gold Letters. 
 
 pence of it. Sir Ckrljlopher Wren, and 
 Dean Tell, he appointed the Curators 
 of the Work, and by their Management 
 the Work was completed in about five 
 Years, the Walls, with the Covering, 
 beii-g almoft brought to Perfection in 
 1667, and feveral Houfes adjoining be- 
 ing bought to enlarge the Yard, and 
 open a Profpc to it, The Roof of it 
 
 GLORIJE DEI OPTIMI MAXIMI 
 HONORI CAROLI /. REGIS 
 
 IN USUM ACADEMIC, ET REIPUBLICJE 
 HENRICUS COMES DANBY Anno 1632. 
 
 He endowed it with an annual Revenue 
 for ever, for the Maintenance, and 
 keeping of the fame, and its great Va- 
 riety of Plants, of which it now con- 
 tains many Thoufands. This Garden 
 fervcs not only for Ornament, and De- 
 light to the Univcrfity by the pleafant 
 Walks, and Curiofitics ; but is of very 
 great Ufe to all Pcrfons, who ftudy 
 Phyfick, by improving them in the 
 Knowledge of Herbs, and vegetative 
 Philofophy, for which it is fuppofed to 
 be as good a Convenience as any, (per- 
 hap the bcft) in Europe^ if not in the 
 World. Nor is it of lefs Benefit to 
 Medicinal Praftitioncrs, who may be 
 
 fupplied from hence with Plants right 
 and true, frcfh and good, not eafily to be 
 had elfewhere. The Care of this Gar* 
 "ticn is now committed to the skilful Bo- 
 tanift Mr. Jacob- Bobart, who has an 
 Houfe adjoining to it, where he is ready 
 to attend upon Courfes of Botany, to 
 improve fuch Students, as defire it. 
 
 6. The Clarendon Printing-Houfe, which 
 is a curious, and cetebrated Piece of 
 Architecture, begun Feb. 22, 1711, at 
 the entire Expence of the Univcrfity, 
 and in Honour of the Memory of the 
 late Earl of Clarendon, Edward Hide, 
 Lord Chancellor of England, called the 
 Clarendon Printing-Houfe, built by a Sum 
 2 ef
 
 X'FQ 
 
 of Money raifed, and accruing out of 
 the Profits of the laid Earl's moft excel- 
 lent Hiftory, of which he gave the per- 
 petual Impreflieij to this Umvejfity. 
 The Plan of this Structure was contri- 
 ved by Mr. TownfenA a Mafon of Oxford, 
 and being approved by the Vice-Chan- 
 cellor Dr. Lancafter, was foon after finifh- 
 ed. It is fronted North, and South, 
 with Pillars of the Dorick Order, and is 
 wholly built of Stone. The Area is 
 very fpacious, being ereed upon the 
 Ground, where many Tenements had 
 flood, which the Univerfity purchafed. 
 The Eaft End of it is leafed to Mr. 
 Join Basket, a Stationer in London, for 
 twenty-one Years, at two Hundred Pounds 
 per Ann. who thereby is licenfed to print 
 Bibles, Pfalters, &>c. by the Univerfity. 
 The other End on the Weft is now em r 
 ployed, and made Ufe of by, the Uni- 
 verfity, and'has many Rooms and Apart- 
 ments, proper to the Bufinefs of Print- 
 ing ; but an Oxonian of Credit feems not 
 at all pleafed with this Contrivance of 
 erefting fuch a ftateiy Printing-Houfe, 
 while another more necqflary Building 
 is negle&ed* cxpjefling himfclf thus. 
 " Although this Edifice, (viz. the Cli- 
 ' rendon Printing-HOufe ) be ftatcly, 
 *' fumptuous, and beautiful, yet the 
 4< Defign thereof might 'have as well 
 41 given Way to the Convenience of an 
 *' Univerfity Church, which is much 
 " more wanted, than a 'Printing-Hpufe; 
 41 and yet never likely to be obtained, 
 44 though we make fo many loud. Prp- 
 44 fefiions for the Church, and- the beft 
 4t of Religions." . But though this Cen- 
 fure be juft, we mall npt at prcfenr infift 
 upon what might better have been, but 
 what is done ; and add a more parti- 
 cular, but fhort Defcrjption of it. This 
 Building is in Length one Hundred and 
 fifteen Foot, and in Breadth fixteen, 
 befidcs the fpacious Portico. In Height 
 it is two Stories above the Cellars. 
 The Top is adorned with the nine 
 Mules 'caft in Lead, admirable Work. 
 The Entrance is under the Portico, 
 through an Iron Gate opening into 
 an handfome Vault, which divides the 
 
 H IR E\ 
 
 3 4*1 
 
 whole Building into two equaT Parts, 
 one of which, viz. that on the Eaft Side 
 is appropriated wholly to the printing; of 
 Bibles, and Common Prayer-Books of all 
 Sorts ; and the orher, viz* the Weft End 
 to the printing of Books in the lear'ned 
 Languages, from whence the World is 
 fupplied with fuch curious Editions of 
 all Sorts of Authors, as for Neatnefs 
 and Exa&nefs, are not out-done by any 
 Prefs in Europe. On the South Side 
 there is a Room for the Delegates, who 
 direft the Bufinefs of printing, to meet 
 in. On the Floor over the Vault are 
 two Rooms, one of which is an Office 
 for the Letter-Founder, and is furnifhed 
 for that End with Furnaces, Punchions, 
 Matrices, Moulds, and all other Mate- 
 rials proper for- that Art ; and the other; 
 with. Rolluig-Prefles, for printing tho : 
 Oxford Almanacks, and other Sdulptvrres- 
 often ufe'd to adorn Books in their Fron- 
 tifpieces. 
 
 III. The Revenues, and Rights of the 
 Univerfity, ;, being fuch Eftates, Privi- 
 leges, and Advantages, as the Officers, 
 Profeffprs, and . Buildings are endowed 
 with for their Prefervation, and Support, 
 we fhouldtntrthen our Reader too much 
 with Repetition, if we fhould here par- 
 ticularly rehearie them ; and therefore 
 \ve mall proceed to give an Account of 
 the Colleges fihgly, and by themfelves, 
 bccaufe almoft every College hath not 
 only clfrtirict ' Revenues given for the 
 Maintenance of its Members, but Sta- 
 tutes, Cuftoms, and Laws peculiar to it- 
 felf, given and impofed on them by 
 7 their Founders, and Benefa&ors, except 
 ChriJl-Cburch, which -^.altogether govern- 
 ed by fuch Conftimrion.s, arid Or- 
 ders, as the Dean and Chapter of Pre- 
 bends, make and appoint, according to 
 the Emergencies of Aftions, fave that 
 there are fome ancient Regulations, 
 which every Officer is obliged, to bb- 
 ferve, and are fo well known in the v 
 College, that none can be fn'ppofed Ig- 
 norant of them.
 
 342 
 
 JTFQ &%).$ SIR E. 
 
 UNIVERSITY COLLEGE. 
 
 
 'HIS College is the m oft ancient 
 ^ p-ublick Houfe of Learning in thjs 
 "University, as the Univerfity it fclf ac- 
 knowledged!, in a Letter to Pope Eu- 
 gene IV. where they call it, Collegium An- 
 tjquijts TJntverJtiatis Oxoniet:s. It was 
 founded by 'King Alfred, for twenty^foc 
 Students in Divinity, whom he fupport- 
 ed with annual Allowances out of 'his 
 Exchequer, giving it the Name of Uni- 
 verjjty Hall. In the Times of the DaniJI) 
 Ravages, the Scholars being forced to 
 fly for their Safety, the Townfmefl got 
 it into their Hands, and let it to rhp 
 Scholars upon their Return in better 
 Times, "till PVtfflam, Archdeacon of Dxr- 
 lam, bought it out of their Hands with 
 
 his own Money, and garc it the Scho- 
 lars for their Habitation and Mainte- 
 nance. This Archdeacon alfo left to 
 the Univerfity three Hundred and tea 
 Marks, for the liberal Education of ten, 
 or twelve Students, which being laid 
 out in enlarging this College, by addin 
 to it an Houfe called Durham H*tt, 
 came from thence to be called Durham 
 H*Jl, and Univerjtty Hall, which Name 
 at laft prevailed, and was changed to 
 Unherjity College. A Matter, and Scho- 
 lars being now fettled in this Houfe, 
 the Univerfity made them a Body of 
 Statutes in 1202, but they hare had 
 many new ones fince. 
 
 Ike Benef a&ws to this College are., 
 
 "\ \jAlt*rSkirla*v, Bifliop of Durlam, who fettled the 
 VV Manor of Rotblng in E/ex, on this College, for the [ 
 Maintenance of 
 
 Philip de Severity, Re&or of KangJjam, and Robert de Re-' 
 fingbam, Chancellor of Yprk f gave other Feljowfliips, 
 they are loft. Wherefore our next Berxefaftor muft be 
 
 > Three Fellows, born 
 in the Diocefes of Torl' t 
 
 > or Durham. 
 
 Three Fellows, Di- 
 vines of the Diocefes 
 
 Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, who gave the Advow-f of York, Durham or 
 fon of the Re&ory of ArncLffe, at Craveney in Yprkfrire, for\Carl'tfle. 
 
 .irl /*/!___ C * * J W \** j.* 
 
 the Subfiftence of 
 
 Sir Simon Eennet > gaye Ibme Eftaies in Nortbamptonfolre, 
 for the Maintenance of 
 
 Befides the Mafters Stipend, which is as much as, 
 
 Joan Davis, gave fome Tenements in Oxford for 
 
 Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicejler, gave fome Eftatcs in 7 
 
 Montgomery jhirt, for two Scholars, twenty Pounds fer Annum > 
 
 each. \ 
 
 Otho Hunt, Re&or of MetMey in Yorkshire, gave an Eftate> 
 
 there for ^ 
 
 John Friejton gave fome Lands at Pontefralt in Yorkfiire J 
 
 for f 
 
 Ro/;er< Gurjley, Reftor of Thtejley in Surrey-^ gave Part of? 
 
 the Tmpropriation of Flamjlead in Hartfordjhire, for ^ 
 
 Four Fellows. 
 
 -^,- 
 
 Two Fellows. 
 Two Logick Lefturers. 
 
 Two Scholars. 
 
 One Scholar. 
 
 One Exhibitioner. 
 
 Four Scholars alli- 
 ^ ^ ed to him. 
 
 C^/rr/w Greerwocd, Rcftor of Tbornkitt in TortJIjire, gave one Hundred Pounds to- 
 - for the Maintenance of certain Fellows, but it could not be got.
 
 O XFO R & fffIR E. 
 
 Sir Sltnon Sennet, out- of the Eftate alMvfcmcrntibhed, gave four ScholnrfHips, 
 The Buildings. Sir Sknm Sennet built rhe Froiit, as it now ftands. 
 Charles Green-wc** gave one Thou&ndtf ve Httrtdred Pounds for fome new Buildings, 
 and the whole Weft Side of the prefent Quadrangle was crefted with rr. 
 
 The Vifitors of this College are the Vice-Chancellor, . Dolors of DiTinity, and. 
 
 The prefent Matter is Dotor Charles. 
 
 - - 
 
 BALI O L COLLEGE, 
 
 SI R John "Baliol, of Bernard Caftte in 
 Yofkfhir*, Kiit. Father of John Balhl 
 King of Scots, laid the firft Defign of this 
 College, and fettled Tome yearly Exhibi- 
 tions upon certain poor Scholars, till he 
 could provide them an Houfc; but he 
 dying before he had gone ftr in his Pro- 
 jet, left it to be completed by his Re- 
 lift DevorgiKk, praying her to fee the* 
 Stipends paid. In Proiecution of her 
 late Husband's Defire, DworgiUa. hired 
 an Houfe in Horfeni anger Street , on which 
 flie fettled the faid Exhibitions, affdr 
 after purchafed a Tenement called St. 
 Mfiry-Haff, which having rebuilt, and ; 
 added ne'^v Edifices to, fhe removed her 
 Scholars from their former Habitations, 
 aftd fettled this Honfe with Lands- 
 bought nt-Stamfordbam, and Houth, in 
 upon- a Principal, and 
 
 Scholars', and their Succeflbrs for ever. 
 The Number of Fellows was now fixteen, 
 and the Head of them was called Prin- 
 cipal, which now is changed into Maftcr. 
 Their Maintenance at finrwas but mean, , 
 but their Revenues being increafed by * 
 the Donations of Hugh de Wyen, and Sir - 
 William Felton, Knt; it became more to- 
 lerable. Sir Philip Somerville; of Wicknore 
 in Staffcrdfiire, conveyed to this College . 
 the Church of Mkel-Beriton in Northum- 
 berland, with fomc Lands in that Parifh^ 
 for the Maintenance of fix Scholars, to 
 be added to the Number of Fellows, 
 trat Times altering, the Revenues greW 
 too few to maintain, fo many Fellows j 
 whereupon Letters were obtained from 
 Pope Julius If. by which it was ordain- 
 ed, that betides the. Mafter, there Ihould: 
 norbe above ten Fellows. 
 
 this fome Eftafe^ were purchased, by certain"? 
 
 Mfehies giwn Ky Petfr /<>&/; of Ttiiertti WPevonfare, for f C^ne Fellow. 
 tHe- Support of 3 
 
 The Lady Elizabeth- Periam, of Greenland in Bertjbire, y 
 gave-alfo a very handfomc Exhibition for the Maintenance ^ One Fellow. 
 
 of j 
 
 And fo the Number of Fellows, befities the Mafter, is twelve. 
 
 Two of thefe arc to be Priefts in Orders, for the Celebration of Divine Service 
 every Day in the Chapel, and two of them are to be Deans, and as many Kurfers. 
 
 Several Eftatcs alfo have been given to this College, to i 
 
 maintain the Scholars, viz. by Sir William Feltor>> Mr. Tho-{ Fourteen Scholar- 
 mas Cave, Mr. Peter Blondel, Mrs. Dumb, Mr. Brown, therfliips. 
 Lady Periam, which arc reduced to j 
 
 Dr. Warner, Bifhop of Roche fer , founded for Scotchmen foiu 1 ScJiolarfiiips of twenty . 
 Bounds per dw> each.
 
 344 O X F O .R T> -S H I R E. 
 
 Dr. Ridwd Eusly, the late famous School-Mafter ofWeJl-~\ 
 
 wlnfter School, having been formerly a Student of this Col-C A Catechetick.;Lee- 
 lege, and cliqfcn Vifuor .of it, endowed it with, twenty /turcr. 
 rounds' per Ann. for . * 
 
 '.i lo Z-tO-niiV r) T t 
 
 ' The Buildings were brought to the fome enough, though it be no fplendid 
 Perfection they are now in, thus : They Edifice. 
 
 were very mean at firft ; but the Fel- The Library of this College maybe 
 lows in after Times finding many Bene- efteemed among the chiefeft private 
 faQors, bought in diverfe fmall Parcels i ones Jn this Uniyerfity. as well in re- 
 'Hjf"Gi'6und, and" began T to" otter and en- fpeft of the Edifice, as Furniture of 
 
 good Books. One Moiety of it was built 
 
 large their Buildings after this Manner. 
 In Hewy VTs Time, they pulled down 
 fome of the College, , and on the Area 
 cre&ed the gre'ateft Part of the prefent 
 Quadrangle, of which the moft ancient 
 Side, looking toward the Eaft, was built 
 by the Contributions of certain Noble- 
 men, and Bifliops, who had been for- 
 merly Students herein; but their .Names 
 are not prefer ved, as was alfo the 
 North Side ; the Weft Side which con- 
 fifteth of the Hall, Buttery, &c. was 
 erected at the Coft, and Charge of Wil- 
 liam Grey, Bifhop of [ &fy> George Nevil, 
 Archbifliop of TCorliy and fome others, 
 whofe Names, and Arms, ftill. appear on 
 the Windows, and Walls thereof; but 
 the Front, or South Side was not built, till 
 .King Henry VII's Reign, when it was fet 
 
 by Dr. Thomas Chace, and the other by 
 Dr. Robert -Aldy, the Mafter of it, by the 
 Affiftance of the aforementioned Bifhop 
 Grey, who furnifhed the fame with two 
 Hundred Manufcripts, purchafed at any 
 Rate; moft of them had his Arms paint- 
 ed on the Cover; but in after Times 
 many of them were Ipft. Tho. Gafcoign^ 
 anciently Chancellor of the JJniverfity, 
 gave alfo to it many Manufcripts ; but 
 its greateft Benefaaor was Arehbifhop 
 Alhot, who being fenfible that this Li- 
 brary was much plundered at the Refor- 
 majioB, gave a very large S.u;ft of .Money 
 for encreafing the Books. 
 
 The Vifuor of this College is elefteci 
 by the Fellows, as their Mafter alfo is, 
 which Privilege is efteemed fo great, 
 
 v:p by the Contributions of many well that fome of the other Colleges much 
 difpofed Perfons. envy the Happinefs of this for it, the 
 
 The firft Chapel here was a Kind of unwarrantable Proceedings of fuch as 
 Oratory annexed to Magdalene Church, are appointed their Vifitors, giving them 
 in which Parifh it is ; but this being in- 
 convenient, or not large enough, an- 
 other was raifed in 1293, with fome 
 
 Monies left by DewrgUfa. for that En.d. 
 
 1 1 I . n ' 1 
 
 but too much Reafon fo to do. 
 
 The prefent Mafter of -this College is 
 Dr. Karon. 
 
 ,-... -j .,,, Arehbifhop Cranrner, Bifhop Ridley, 
 
 It was dedicated to St. Katharine* and and Bifnop, Larimer, who, upon the Exa- 
 divinc Service was performed in it, till mination into their Opinions, had by 
 King Henry VIIl's Reign, when the pre- -the Scholars here been pronounced 
 fent Chapel was cre&ed, through the Be- guilty of Herefjr, and their Books burnt, 
 nefa&ions of diverfe Perfons, on the were themfelves alfo burnt before this 
 North Side of the Court. It is hand- College. 
 
 3'tr- ol?r!. I; 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 MERTON
 
 XFO R T> S H IR E. 
 
 MERTON COLLEGE. 
 
 W Alter de Merton, Lord High Chan- 
 cellor of England^ in King Henry 
 Ill's Reign, and afterwards Bifnop of 
 Rochefter, firft founded, and endowed a 
 Society of twenty poor Scholars, and 
 two, or three Chaplains, for the Perfor- 
 mance of Divine Service in it, at Mai- 
 den in Surrey ; but becaufe the liberal 
 Arts were only taught in the Univerfi- 
 .ties, and he was not willing his Students 
 ihould want them, he tranflated his 
 College to St. John's Street, in Oxford, 
 where it now Hands,; and having pro- 
 
 cured a Charter for it, (from whence it 
 became the firft incorporated Society in. 
 this Univerfity) eftablifoed his Founda- 
 tion for ever, by the Name of Domut 
 ScMnnum de Merton. He gave them a 
 Body of Laws, and Ordinances in i*/4 
 by the Obfervation of which, this Soci- 
 ety became fo eminent, that the King 
 recommended it to Hugh de BaUh*** 
 Bifhop of Ely, as a Model in his build- 
 ing of Peter-Hoxfe, Cambridge. This Col- 
 lege hath ftill twenty Fellows. 
 
 I oners, 
 Poft-Mafters. 
 
 now 
 
 Two Poft-Jftafter*. 
 
 Ela, furnamed Longfpee, Countefs of Warwick, gave, a Sum of Money to the Fel- 
 lows, to fay Mattes for the Reft of her Soul. 
 
 John Willyot, D. D. firft Chancellor of this Univerfity,} _, . Exhibm- 
 and then Chancellor of the Church of Exeter, gave many 
 Eftates in feveral Counties, with all his Goods, for t 
 Maintenance of 
 
 Thomas Jefop, Dodor of Phyfick, and Tome Time Fellow A 
 of this College, increafed the Stipends of the former twelve;/ 
 and John Chambers, Fellow of Eaton College, and formerly 
 of this, added to them j 
 
 William Read, Bifhop of Chichejler, and Fellow of this College be fore, gave It 
 Cheft, and an Hundred Pounds, to be lent to the Fellows on urgent Occaiioas^, 
 giving Security for Repayment. 
 
 Henry Sever, and Richard James, both Wardens of this College, were alfo Bnfr- 
 next to Founders, To very considerable were their Donations. 
 
 an "Eftate for the Maintenance of -a. Li* 
 brary-Kecper. The Vifitor of this Col- 
 lege, K the Archbifhop of Canterbury for 
 the Time being. 
 
 The Governor of this College, who t* 
 called Warden, is thus chofen. The Fel- 
 lows nominate three Perfons of the So- 
 ciety, and prefent them to their Vifltor, 
 who appoints, and confirms, one of them, 
 which he pleafeth to appoint or name-; 
 one of another Society is accounted ir- 
 regular, and contrary to -the Statutes d 
 the Founder. 
 
 The prefent Warden is Dr. 
 
 Bimop Read, abovcmentioned, built 
 the firft Library in this College, and in 
 a tolerable Degree furniflied the fame 
 with Books. James Leech, alfo gave 
 two Hundred Volumes to this Library, 
 and two Hundred Pounds in Money, on 
 Condition, that the Fellows fhould chufe 
 fome Perfons born in Cheshire, (where he 
 ordered an Eftate to be bought with it.) 
 into their Number. Griffin Higgs alfo, 
 formerly a Fellow of this College, and 
 afterwards Dean of Litchfield, gave an 
 entire Study of Books to the Library of 
 this College, with Money to purchafe 
 
 X ft
 
 OXFORDSHIRE* 
 
 EXETER COLLEGE 
 
 W Alter Stapletovt Bifhop of Exeter , 
 firft founded a College in Hart- 
 Hay, which he called from his own 
 Name Siapkton-Ha/J ; but not being plea- 
 fed with it, he purchafed a large Piece 
 of Ground in St. Mildred's Pariih, with 
 Jbme Houfes, and haying erefted a new 
 Building upon it, tranfplanted his Scho- 
 lars thither, by virtue of his former 
 Charter for founding a Society in Hart- 
 U##. To this College he made a fur- 
 ther Addition of Buildings, upon an In- 
 crcafe of Scholars, who came to it in 
 great Numbers -from the Weftern Parts, 
 and then he gave the Society a Body of 
 Statutes, ordaining, That the Perfons 
 living on his Charity, fhould be only 
 thirteen in Number, one of which 
 
 fheuld be a Student in Divinity ajpd 
 Canon Law, and the reft in Philofophy;. 
 and that there fhould be one of them a 
 Re&or, in Priefts Orders, and well skil- 
 led in Divinity, chofen by the Dean and 
 Chapter of Exeter', and that of the 
 other twelve, eight fhould be ele&ed 
 out of the Archdeaconries of Exeter, 
 Tctnefs, and Earnfable in Devonjhire, and 
 four out of that of Cornwal; for the 
 Maintenance of whom, he fettled many 
 Tenements in the Site of the College, 
 and the Church of Gaynnier in'Cornwaf. 
 J-ohn Poling, Bifliop of Sartttn, and Ed- 
 mund Becfa, Anno 1 3 50, added the Impro- 
 priatien of Weft Witnam in Berk^ire^ 
 for the better Suftenance of the faid 
 thirteen Fellows. 
 
 Sir William Peter, Knt. and Privy Counsellor to Queen 1 
 ~,I'tzabetb, fettled Ljands for eight Fellows more to be chofen* 
 out of Devevfoire, Dorfetjhire, Somerfetjhire, Oxfordjhire, and 
 
 Eight Fellows. 
 
 Two Fellows. 
 
 EdmtwA Stafford, Bifliop of Exeter, was a liberal Bene- 
 &tor to this College, giving to it two Fellowfhips, fort 
 Perfons of the Diocefe of Salisbury, and procuring of Pope 
 Ifrmcevt VII. That thq Name of Stapleton-HaU, which it hi-| 
 therto bore, fhould be changed into Exeter College for the 
 &ture.. 
 
 King Charles the Firft alfo gave certain Lands, and Tene- 
 ments to the Univerfity, to eftablifli one Fellow in thisl 
 
 College, and two in Pembroke and Jeftts ; but whether it wasTwenty-thre^ Fellows, 
 done we find not, for the prefent Number of Fellows here' 
 is but 
 
 Other BenefaSors to this College are Samuel WU* born- 
 %t Morton Hampjlead in Eevonfiire, and Reftor of W^jle^an,( 
 who gave an Hundred Pounds for the Maintenance of four< 
 poor Scholars, to be ele&ed out of Devonjbire, and Cormval. j 
 
 Mr. John Maynard %*ve to this College a yearly Revenue of forty Pounds, of 
 whit-h he ordered twenty Pounds to be appropriated to a Divinity Lefture, and 
 twenty to a Lefture in the Oriental Tongues. 
 
 Ralph Germain, Precentor of the Church of Exeter, and Retard Greenfield, gave 
 ach of them a Cheft with ten Pounds each, to be lent to the Fellows i n Cafes of 
 Need gratis, giving only a good Security for the Repayanent. 
 
 Four Scholars.
 
 XFO R 2) SHIR E.. 
 
 The Buildings of this College were 
 very irregular 'at firft, and fince have 
 undergone many changes, and Altera- 
 tions. Edmubd Stafford built a Chamber 
 twenty-four Foot long under the old 
 Library, and Tbo. Bentley, the College- 
 Butler ereed Tome Chambers over it, 
 thefe make the Eaft Side of the prefent 
 Quadrangle. The Buildings called, the 
 feriam Buildings, were erefted by Sir 
 Join Perlam Knt. The prefent Hall was 
 built by Sir J&n Acklam, a Knight, of 
 Devonfiire. The other Buildings have been 
 raifed by Contributions chiefly. 
 
 Tis probable, that the Founder of this 
 College did build a Library for the Fel- 
 lows, and gave many Books to it ; but 
 was prevented by Deafh, from making 
 any further Addition, which was fnp- 
 plied by others; for John Gravdifon, 
 Bifhop of Exeter, gave feveral Diviniry 
 Books, and Samuel Bredon, a famous Ma- 
 thematician, beftowed many Books in 
 his Science. But this Library being 
 much decayed in Edward Ill's Reign, 
 
 was repaired by WiHiam Read, Bifhop o 
 Chichejler, and at his Death increafe<i 
 with twenty-five Manufcripts. But this 
 Library was at length pulled down, and 
 a new one built by the Contributions of 
 77,0. Brextingham, Bifhop of Exeter and 
 John Mofsj Reftor of this College^ 
 which proving in Time too fmall for the 
 Number of Books given was enlarged 
 by Bifhop Stafford, and foon filled with 
 learned Authors, by the Gifts of Roger 
 Keys, Chantor of Exeter, H. Latorenc^ 
 J-ohn Dotyn, . Sir WiUiatn Petre, Jobn Ken- 
 vial, and others. This Library is nov? 
 made into Chambers, and the Books 
 and Furniture are removed into the (AS. 
 Chapel, a new one being built by Div, 
 George Hake-well, Anno 1-624, who alfo 
 gave thirty Pounds for the preaching a, 
 Sermon yearly upon St. James's Day, -3* 
 which it was confecrated. 
 
 The local Vifitor of this College is the 
 Bifhop of Exeter for the Time being. 
 
 The prefent Re&or of this College is 
 Dr. Role. 
 
 ORIEL COLLEGE, 
 
 ' 
 
 THE Founder of this College was 
 Adam h Btome the King's Almo- 
 ner, who procured of King Edward II. 
 his Matter, a Charter of Incorporation 
 for ereftiflg and endowing the fame, 
 agreeing that it fhould confift of a Rec- 
 tor, and fotne Scholars erercifing diffi- 
 cult Faculties, in one Houfe called St. 
 Mary s Rail. By virtue of thij Charter, 
 he purchafed a Mefluage of Roger Mar- 
 fiafl of Tackley, in this Shire, erefted it 
 into a College of Divines ; for the 
 Maintenance of which, with thcRe&or, 
 whom the King would have called Pro- 
 voft, he gave one Mefluage, five Shops, 
 and as many Ground-Rents in Sc. Mary's, 
 
 with the Advowfon of the Church, and 
 and further obtained a Grant of purcha- 
 fing fixty Pounds per Ann. more, for the 
 Maintenance of a greater Number o 
 Fellows, of King Ed-ward II. on which. 
 Account, and furthering Brome's Dcfiga 
 in other RefpeSs, the King has been 
 called the Founder. The College being 
 thus far fettled, Brome became "the firft 
 Provoft, and made a Body of Statutes fot 
 it, which he delivered to the Fellows> 
 May 3, 13^6, being confirmed afterward 
 by Henry de Burgetjb, Bifhop of Lincoln^ 
 ordaining, that in this College, .befidcs 
 the Provoft therd fhould be maintained 
 ten Fellows in the Study of Divinity; 
 X y: 2 but
 
 348 
 
 XFO R <D S^HIR E. 
 
 but three of them were afterwards al- King Edward III. after this, gave'fa 
 lowed to Study the Canon Law. Brome large Mefluage to this College, called Le~ 
 alfo procured the Church of Aberfortl Oriele, to which the Fellows removing 
 in Yorkfiire, to be given to his College, from St. Mary-Hall, their College took 
 and added St. Bartlemas's Hofpital, for a the Name of Oriel College, 
 a Place of Retreat for his Fellows, when 
 the Plague, or other fatal Dileafc might 
 happen at Oxford. 
 
 John Frank, Mafter of the Rolls in Chancery, gave one 
 T-houfand Pounds to this College, with which the Manor of( 
 
 Wadley was purchafed, to maintain ,ir' 
 
 to be chofen out of Somerfet$}ire y Wiltfiire, Dorfetjhire, or 
 Dsvonfiire. 
 
 John Carpenter, firft Fellow, and then Provoft of this Col- 
 lege, and laftly Bifhop of Worcefter, gave certain Eftates in 
 
 this Shire, for the Maintenance of 
 
 to be chofen outiof the Diocefe of Worcefter. 
 
 William Smith, Bifhop of Lincoln, and Founder of Brazen- 
 ncfe College in the Year 1507, gave alfo three Hundred' 
 Pounds to purchale an Eftate for the Maintenance of one' 
 Fellow to be chofen out of Lincoln Diocefe. 
 
 Dr. Richard Dudlty, fome Time before Fellow of this ( 
 loge, and Chancellor of Sarum, gave the Manor of Swayns- 1 
 wick, near Bath in Somerfetjhire, fgr the Maintenance of- , 
 on Condition that the Provoft and Fellows mould fay a Pla-' 
 celo, and Diripre for his Soul. 
 
 John Carpenter < abovementioned, gave a weekly Exhibi-' 
 tion of four Shillings per .Week, to be diftributed equally. 
 
 betwixt- ,,.,._ ,. , p> Six poor Scholars.. 
 
 It tflueo out oi St. Anthonys Hofpital in London, which be-j 
 ing given to the College of Windfor at the Diflblution, it 
 was paid by that College. 
 
 William Smith, Bilhop of Lincoln, alfo gave out of the") 
 Manor of 'Swainf<wick, aboveaientioned, Stipends for j 
 
 John Jackman, A. M. and heretofore Fellow of this-\ 
 
 Allege, gave an Honfe and fome Lands in St. Giles's Parifh, The Porter^to operr 
 for one poor Scholar to be < 
 
 He was to be chofen out of Worcefterjbire.. 
 
 Four Fellows. 
 
 One Fellow. 
 
 One Fellow. 
 
 Two Fellows. 
 
 Six Exhibitioners. 
 
 "and IHut. the Gate. 
 
 The Buildings of -thi College were at 
 firll irregular and mean, but about the 
 latter End of -King -Edward Ill's Reign, 
 began to be reduced to a quadrangular 
 Form, and fo continued till about idio, 
 rhen the South Side, and Part of the 
 "Weft Side were pulled down and. rebuilt, 
 and afterward in 1638, the Eaft and 
 North Side new modelled after. the fame 
 Manner, and fo the whole became both 
 largc-and beautiful.. The Charge was 
 born by the Do&ois Blenew, and Lewtf f 
 
 wJio had been Provofts, Robert Earl of 1 
 Kingflon, Mr. Knightly, of frejlon in 
 Northamptonjhire, and the Society it felf, 
 which gave nine Hundred fifty Pounds - 
 towards it. 
 
 This College had ho -Library till 1444,. 
 when Dr. Qafcdignt built them one, and , 
 gave many Books to it;, but this Library 
 was pulled, down in 1637, and< a new 
 one built by , Edward Comb's -Legacy of- 
 one Hundred Pounds, given in idzo,.. 
 which is the, prefect Library. 
 
 The
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 34* 
 
 The Chapel here was finished in 1642, 
 and it doth not appear, that this Society 
 had any Place before to fay divine 
 Service in, but a fmall Oratory. They 
 performed divine Offices in St. Mary's 
 Church many Years, and finding that 
 inconvenient^ they obtained Leave of 
 
 the Bifhop of Lincoln to build them , 
 Chapel within the College, but we do 
 not find that it was finifhed, though if 
 was begun about that Time. 
 
 The Vifitor of this College has always 
 been the Bifhop of Lincoln. 
 
 The prefent Provoft is Dr. Carter. 
 
 Q.UEEN's COLLEGE. 
 
 RObert Eglesfeld, Eatchelor of Di- 
 vinity, of this Univerfity, but a 
 Native of Cumberland, at the Inftance, 
 and Inftigation of Queen PbiJippa, Con- 
 fort of King Ed-ward III. having pur- 
 chafed certain Tenements in the Parifh 
 of St. Peter in the Eaft, which had for- 
 merly been Vi&ualing Houfcs, convert- 
 ed them into a Collegiate Hall, which 
 he named Aitla Scholar turn Regin* de 
 Oxon. It was fmall at firft, but this 
 pious Founder being zealous to enlarge 
 it, bought in three other Tenements, 
 which he added to it, and having ob- 
 tained a Royal Charter of' Confirma- 
 tion, he endowed the whole, and initi- 
 tuted a Provoft, and twelve Fellows, in 
 RefpeS to Chrift and his twelve Apoftles, 
 intending alfo to maintain therein feven- 
 ty poor Scholars, to reprefent Chrift's 
 feventy Difciples, out of which the Va- 
 cancies of Fellowfhips mould be fuppli- 
 
 ed. By the Founder's Order, the Fellows 
 were to be chofen out of Cumberland, 
 or Weftmorelandi and though where fuch 
 are wanting, they may be chofen out of 
 any County, where the College hath 1 
 Lands ; yet the Northern Fellows have 
 had -all along fuch a fingular Affeftion 
 for their Country, that they will rare- 
 ly admit any other ; but the latter Part 
 of the Founder's Defign was never com- 
 pleated, becanfe he was prevented by 
 Death, and left only a fmall Number ' 
 of, viz* Scholars. After his Death, King*' 
 Edward til. gave two Tenements to this 
 College, and fettled the whole upon the- 
 Students by the Name of Queens Col- 
 lege, or Queen's Hall, in Remembrance 
 oF his Queen Philippa, who was a great 
 Benefa&refs to it. But hitherto there 
 was no more, than the Number the 
 Founder left, viz.* twelve Fellows. 
 
 Edmund Grindal, Archbifliep of Canterbury, gave alfo an Annuity .for one Fellow. 
 
 Other Benefaftors not known, founded two Fellows. 
 
 Among the general Benefa&ors, (which are many) King Edward III. is the- 
 Chief, and next to him Sir Robert Acbard, Knt. Sir J-dhn Handlow, &c. 
 
 The more fpecial Benefa&ors are Queen Philippa t who ^ 
 
 procured the Advowfon of Btirgb upon Stanmore t for the^SixSchoIar-Chaplainsr* 
 Maintenance of 3 
 
 Edmund Grindal abovcmentioned, who founded two Scholars. * 
 
 King Charles I. and Mr. Henry VVilfon^ who left a yearly t 
 
 Revenue for- ( Seven 
 
 to be chofea oivt of the Schools of KhHy t Lwdale t and Hars. 
 
 The^ 
 
 poof 
 
 . .
 
 O XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 The more ancient Buildings of this 
 College, befides what the Founder left, 
 were ere&ed by William Muskham, Rec- 
 tor of Dereham in Cumberland, Tho. 
 Langton, and Henry Beaufort, Bifliops of 
 Winchejter, and fome others; but the 
 College is now almoft all new built by 
 the liberal Donations of Sir jfofeph Wil- 
 llamfon, Knt. and Dr. Lancajter, Provoft 
 of it, who with the Legacy of Dr. Hal- 
 ton, became as it were the only Foun- 
 ders. 
 
 The Chapel here was ere&ed by the 
 Permiffion of Pope Clement VI. and King 
 Edward III. but at the Charge, and Ex- 
 pence of Sir John Slowford, who purcha- 
 fed the Ground- Room; Mr. Muikham, 
 And Mr. Roger Cotlngham, who raifed the 
 Building; and adorned it with Sculp- 
 
 tures at their own Expence. Roger 
 Wtielpdale, Bifhop of Carlijle, confecrated 
 it by the Permiffion of Richard FIemming t 
 Bifhop of Lincoln, the Diocefan. 
 
 The ancient Library was a mean 
 Building, but the preicnt one is very 
 ftately, being erefted upon noble Pillars 
 over a Cloifter, and is one of the fineft 
 Pieces of Archite&ure in this Univer- 
 fity, and is as well filled with Books. 
 Dr. Halton, the Provoft, raifed it at his 
 own, and the College's Expence. The 
 Books were chiefly given by Dr. Barlow, 
 Bifhop of Lincoln, and Sir Jofeph William- 
 fon, who gave' almoft all their Libraries, 
 which were large and .rich, which with 
 the Books Archbifhop Grlndal had before 
 given made it a very copious Library. 
 
 NEW COLLEGE. 
 
 
 TH E Founder of this College was 
 Wtlilam of Wlckham, Bifhop of 
 Wlwhejler, who having acquired im- 
 menfc Riches before he entrcd into 
 Holy Orders, which he much increafed 
 afterward, began to employ them in 
 promoting good Letters, and to that 
 End, fevcn Years before he began this 
 College, (though it was then in his De- 
 fign) l-ettled a yearly Penfion on feven- 
 ty hopeful young Men, to fiipport them 
 in their Studies here, -placing them in 
 Hart-Hall, Black-Hall, &c. In the mean 
 Time, Wlckham made many purchafes, 
 in Order to make Room for the build- 
 ing his defigncd Colleges, arid among 
 other Tenements, bought one named 
 St. Neat's Hall, (from whence tis fup- 
 pofed the College was called New Col- 
 lege) and having obtained a Charter of 
 Incorporation of his Society, he erefted 
 he Buildings with all Speed, and gave 
 his Scholars Poflcffion of it, 'viz. a War- 
 den, feventy Fellows, ten Chaplains, 
 three Clerks, and ' fixreen Chorifters, 
 
 with competent Stipends for their Main- 
 tenance ; ordering twenty of the Fellows 
 to ftudy the Civil and Canon Law, and 
 the Reft to apply themfelvcs to Divi- 
 nity, and Arts ; the Fellows all to be 
 chofen out of the Scholars of Winchejter 
 School, (by him a Ifb founded) and his 
 Kinfmen to be preferred before others. 
 This College hath Statutes, Habits, 
 Cuftoms, and Privileges, diftinft from 
 all other Colleges in the Univerfity, 
 which have created them fpme Envy 
 formerly, but it is now quite laid a- 
 flcep. 
 
 The Benefa&ors to this College are 
 numerous, fome to the College in gene- 
 ral, and others to Tome particular Mem- 
 bers, as Dr. The. Wells, an Annuity to 
 two Artifts, and one Civilian; Mr. 
 Smith, a Burgcfs of fyfwich, three 
 Pounds to two Artifts, or Divines, and 
 one Canonift, or Civilian ; and Dr. 
 Flejbmonger, twelve Pounds to fix Di- 
 vines, and fix Artifts Fellows, Qpc. Ar- 
 thur Lake, Warden of this College., hatlv 
 
 ' ..i.l.'o ti. 
 
 given
 
 OXFD R*D S HIR E. 
 
 given ten Pounds per Ann. for certain 
 Leftures ; Michael Wood, Warden of this 
 College, gave twenty Pounds per Ann. 
 for the Education of three Scholars of 
 his Confanguinity, and Name. 
 
 The Buildings of this College are all 
 iumptuous, ftately, and beautiful. The 
 Hall excells all others in the two Uni- 
 verfities, except Chrift-Church, in Large- 
 nefs, but is a far better proportioned 
 Room, and is adorned with an antique, 
 
 moll beautiful Wainfcot fet up, as is 
 fuppofed, at the Charge of Archbiihop 
 Warhartt. 
 
 The Chapel exceeds all other Colle- 
 giate, and private Chapels in England^ 
 except King's College Chapel in Cam- 
 bridge, both for Height, and Ground- 
 Plat. 
 The Vifitor of this College is 
 
 The prefent Warden is Dr. Ccb. 
 
 LINCOLN COLLEGE. 
 
 Richard "Flemmina, of Crojton in the 
 County of TMH{ a Perfon emi- 
 nent for his Family, but more for his 
 Learning, wa the Founder of this 
 Co.lle.ge. He being a Mafter of Arts, 
 and Pro&or of the Univerfity, was a 
 ftrenuous A (Terror of WicWff's Do&rines; 
 but being brought off from them by the 
 Bait of Preferments, he was made Bi- 
 fhop of Lincoln, and his Zeal being 
 thereby turned the contrary Way, when 
 he had far about feven Years, he re- 
 folved to build a College for the Edu- 
 cation of fuch Perfons, as fhonld be 
 able to preach, write, and difpute, a- 
 gainft fVickiiff's Do&rines ; and for his 
 fb doing, obtained a Charter of King 
 Henry VI. enabling him to eftablifii a 
 Society confifting of one Re&or, and 
 feven Fellows in All-Hallows Parifti Ox- 
 ford, with two Chaplains. But before 
 the Work was compleated, the good 
 Founder died, and left this Houfe under 
 the Care of Guardians, who accordingly 
 fettled the College according to the 
 Founder's Intent, and according to the 
 Charter, it bore the Name of the Col- 
 
 lege of St. Mary, and All Saints of Lin- 
 coln. Some Bencfa&ors taking pity of 
 the College in this its orphan Eftate, 
 beftowed fome Eftares upon it, but to 
 little Advantage, till Thomas Rotkeram* 
 Bifhop of Lincoln^ in his Vifitation came 
 to the Univerfity, and law this College, 
 John Trijirofpe was then Re&or of it r 
 and according to Cuftom received him 
 with a Speech, in which he complained 
 much of the Defefts of the College, 
 and applying the Words of the Pfalmijty 
 Pfal.lxxx. 14, I 5. Bebeld and vijit thy Vine* 
 and perfect that, which thy Right Hand hath 
 planted , with a pathetick Eloquence, 
 wrought fo upon the Bifhop, that he 
 promifed to do every Thing that could 
 be defTred of him ; and accordingly 
 next Year finifRed the Buildings, and 
 augmented the Number of Fellows^ 
 from feven to twelve Fellows ; appropri- 
 ated two Benefices of Ttvyford in Buck- 
 ivghamfhirey and Long-Common in Oxford^ 
 fiire, for tlieir Maintenance ; and with- 
 a.11 added a Body of Statutes, for the 
 good Government of the Society* 
 
 Several
 
 35 
 
 O XFO R <D S H-IR E. 
 
 Several Benefactors followed the Bilhop's Example, and 
 .among others of lefs Note Edward Darby, Archdeacon of 
 Stc<w in Lincoln jl)ire, gave Money to purchale two Hundred ( 
 
 Pounds per Ann. to maintain 
 
 born one in his Archdeaconry, another in Northamptonshire, or( 
 Leicefterflrire, and the third in Oxfordjlrire, to enjoy the fame 
 Privileges as the twelve above. 
 
 Jane Trapps, Widow of Robert Trapps of London, gave"! 
 by Will certain Lands in Kent, for the Maintenance of f 
 two to be chofen out of Sandwich School, founded by Sirr* 
 Roger Mantvood. 3 
 
 John Smith, Rector of Wykeftam in Kent, gave an Annui-7 
 ty of fifteen Pounds, for the yearly Maintenance of f" 
 
 Thomas Haynes, of the Parifli of Chrijl-Church London, -\ 
 
 gave fix Pounds per Ann. towards the Education of / 
 
 ro be chofen out of his Kindred, by the Mayor, and threes" 
 Aldermen of LeiceJ}er. j 
 
 Three Fellows. 
 
 Four Scholars. 
 
 One Exhibitioner. 
 
 Two Exhibitioners. 
 
 ., _ 
 
 The Buildings were ere&ed by diverie 
 Benefaflors, .viz. the Weft Side of the 
 foremott Quadrangle, by 'Monies left 
 ,by the Founder, and William Finden, 
 Efq; the Re&or's Lodgings, and South 
 Side by Tho. Bekyngton, Bimop of Bath 
 and Wells; and the great Hall, with the 
 Buttery and Kitchin, on the Eaft Side, 
 by John ForeJ}, Dean of Wells, who.alfo 
 built, 
 
 The Library, with the Chambers un- 
 der and over it, and the old Chapel 
 contiguous thereunto, which make the 
 North Side of the great Court. In this 
 JLibrary the Books given by the Fpun- 
 
 <ler, and Mr. Gafioigne, were put; but 
 after it was made into Chambers, and 
 the Books were removed -into the old 
 Chapel, which was changed into a Li- 
 brary at the Expence of Mr. Nath. 
 Crew, then Fellow of the College, and 
 late Bifhop of Durham. 
 
 A new Chapel, having a little before 
 been ercfted by John Willlamf, Bifhop 
 of Lincoln, who was Vifitor of this Col- 
 lege, and confecrated by Rob. Corbet Bi- 
 fhop of Oxford. 
 
 The prcifent Re&or.qf this College is 
 Dr. Adams, 
 
 ALL SOULS COLLEGE 
 
 HEnry Chicheley, born at Higham Fer- 
 rers in Northampton fnre, and edu- 
 cated at Wtnehejler School, having by the 
 Means of Richard Medford, Bifhop of 
 .Sarum, been not only made Archdeacon 
 and Chancellor of Sarum, but made 
 .known to King Henry IV. and his Son 
 King Henry V. was created by them, 
 ftrft, Bifhop of St. David's, and then 
 
 Archbifliop of Canterbury. In thcfe Sta- 
 tions he acquired great Riches, which 
 he chofe to employ in erefting fome 
 Monuments of publick Charity ; and af- 
 ter fome others, rcfolved upon building 
 a College for the Advance of yniverfity 
 Learning. In Profecution of this his 
 Defign, he impowered his Friends to 
 purchafe feveral Tenements, which be-
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 ing done, he laid the Foundation of this Death gave a Thoufand 
 College, Feb. 10. 1457, and the 
 
 10, 1497, and tne next 
 Year 'procured the Charter of Incorpo- 
 ration, wherein he fettled this Society 
 under the Name of one Warden, and 
 twenty Fellows, with a Liberty to 
 double their Number, calling it therein, 
 Collegium Ammarum omnium defuriftorum de 
 Oxon, allowing them a common Seal, 
 and Power to purchafe Pofleffions of 
 three Hundred Pounds a-Year Value. 
 Not long after this he tranfmitted to 
 them a Body of Statures compiled by 
 William Lind-wood, wherein he augmented 
 the Number of Fellows to forty and or- 
 dered their Ele&ions to be always on 
 All Souls Day, requiring that twenty 
 four of them fliould ftudy Divinity and 
 Philofophy, and the other fixtcen Civil 
 and Canon Law. To the Fellows he added 
 certain Chaplains, Clerks, and Chorifters, 
 but left the Number to the Difcretion of 
 the Fellows. But his main Care was for 
 the Endowment of fo large a Society, 
 which he refolved to render honourable 
 and magnificent ; and to that End, it 
 happening that the Priories Alien were 
 given to the King by the Parliament, 
 he begged of the King the Priories, and 
 their Lands of Wefton Pinkney in Nor- 
 thamptoxjbire, Rumney in Kent, New Con- 
 usrtt near Abberbury in Shruppire, and 
 Languenlth in South Wales, all which, 
 though King Edward IV. confifcated a 
 while, becaufe the Society adhered to 
 King Henry VI. yet upon their Submif- 
 fion to his Dominions, and Acknow- 
 ledgment of their Fault, they were a- 
 gain reftored. The Founder alfo at his 
 
 Marks, and 
 in a Chert for 
 Several Bene- 
 divcrfe ihi ;ill 
 
 1347. 6 i. 8d. to be kept 
 tho Ufe of the College. 
 fators alfo have given 
 Sums to this College. 
 
 All the Buildings of the College, ex- 
 cept the Cloifters on the Eaft Side, 
 which have been lately pulled down, 
 and rebuilt in Piazia Manner, at. the 
 Charge of the College, were ere&ed by 
 the Founder in his Life-tlimc. 
 
 The Chapel is placed on the North 
 Side of the Quadrangle. It was builc 
 by Cbicheley, who obtained a Bull from 
 Pope Eugenius IV. not only for divine 
 Service to be uied therein, but for the 
 Burials of dead Bodies. It is' a neat, 
 and elegant Edifice, and was confecra- 
 ted by himfelf, being aflifted by the 
 Bimops of Lincoln, Worcejler, and Nor- 
 wich, in Memory of the Souls of all 
 Saints departed, having firft made an. 
 Agreement with Oriel College for two 
 Hundred Marks, for exempting his So- 
 ciety from hearing divine Service, and 
 Payment of all Dues to St. Mary's the 
 Parifti Church. 
 
 The Library, which is on the Eaft 
 Side of the Quadrangle, ,was furnifhed 
 with Books, and MSS. by the Founder 
 and about the fame Time ; but being old, 
 and mean, Chriftrpher Codrington, Gover- 
 nor of the .Leeward Iflands, gave ten 
 Thoufand Pounds to build it more ftate- 
 ly, and buy more Books, though he 
 gave his own Library of great Value. 
 
 The local Vifitor of this College is the 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury. 
 
 The prefent Warden is Dr. Gardiner. 
 
 Yy 
 
 MAG DA- 
 
 T & Of -
 
 554 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 MAGDALENE COLLEGE. 
 
 
 
 William Patten, furnamed Wainfleet, nements of Univepjlty College, for the 
 
 from the Place of his Birth, firft Enlargement of their Houfe, which he 
 
 chief Mafter of Winchejter School, then pulled down and added to it. After this 
 
 Provoft of Eaton, and laftly Bimop of Wainfleet obtained of King Henry VI. 
 
 Winckefter,, (in which Places he amafled Leave to convert St. John's Hofpital to 
 
 fo much Wealth, as to enable him to the Ufe of Letters, and upon the Pof- 
 
 accomplilh great Defigns, equal to his fefiion of it changed it into, a College* 
 
 pious Defires) was the Founder of this removing the Prefident, and Scholars of 
 
 College. He firft intended to build a Magdalene Hall into it. All the Buildings 
 
 Hall only, and having purchafed a Roy- he erefted out of . Hedington Quarries ; 
 
 al Charter, 26 Hen. VI, and Lands at and having fettled the Number of Fcl- 
 
 rhis Univerfity, large enough for his lo\vs defigned by ; him therein, he after 
 
 Purpofe, by the Aftivtty of John God-, mature Deliberation, touching, the Qo 
 
 raM-.pcn^ of EJfex, Efq; he founded an vernment of it, fent a Body of Statutes 
 
 Hall, and fertled fifty Graduate .Scho-: to the Prefident, and Fellows,, in and 
 
 lars in it, and endowed it with fufficient by which he ordains, That his Founda- 
 
 Revenucs for their Maintenance, yet tion fhould be a perpetual -College for 
 
 wjth a Provifo, that they might be in- poor, and indigent Clerks in the Uni- 
 
 creafed, or diminifhed, according as verfity of Oxford, ftudying the Arts, 
 
 the Revenues augmented, or fell by the and Sciences, and that it mould enjoy,, 
 
 Change of Times. This Hail he cicdi- and bear the Name of Mary Magdalene 
 
 cated to the Honour of St. Mary Magda- College, (the Name of Magdalene Hall, 
 
 lent, according to the Charter of the being now changed to Boftor Hal'.} in the 
 
 Foundation. Honour of the blefled Virgin, St. Mary 
 
 Wain feet ftill living, and much de- Magdalene, St. John the Baptift, St. Peter, 
 
 firing the Profperity of his Foundation, and St. Paul, St. Swithin, and all the 
 
 the Prefident, and Fellows of his Hall y tutelary Saints of the Cathedral Church 
 
 had an Opportunity of buying four Te- of Wwton. 
 
 The Number of Fellows, which he would have perpe->, ? 
 
 tual, was: r Forty Fellovy^l ;.. ''\A 
 
 of, which Join Ingleden founded two, and John Foreman one : }> 
 
 To which he a^ded thirty Demies, four Chaplain- Priefts, <jight Clerks, and fix- 
 
 ding Books for the completing of it, for 
 the Scholars Studies. 
 
 The local Vifitor of this College, is 
 the Bilhop of Wtnchefier for the Time 
 being. 
 
 The Prefident at this Time is Dr. 
 
 The Buildings arc now much the 
 fame, that Walr.feet himfelf erefted, 
 tut the Chaplain's Court was built in 
 the firft Year of King Henry VIII. and 
 the new Building by the common Hall, 
 in 1635, the Kitchin was that belonged 
 to St. jfchp's Hefpital. 
 
 The Chapel was not built till King 
 Edward IV 's Reign. 
 
 The Library has had many Benefac- 
 tors, of which the moft memorable was 
 Job* Warner, Bi/hop of Rcchejler, who 
 a Thoufand Pounds to\vaids provi- 
 
 The Sufferings of this College in King 
 James H's Reign, upon the Account of 
 their Opposition to popifli Encroach- 
 ments, is for Brevity- fake referred to- 
 our Hiftory of that King's Reign, lately 
 put out with the other Kings of EntlatnL 
 
 BRAZ'EN-
 
 XFO R 2) SHIR E. 
 
 555 
 
 BRAZEN-NOSE COLLEGE. 
 
 William Smithy Bifliop of Lincoln, 
 one of Prince Arthur's Council, 
 Prefident of Wales, and Chancellor of 
 this Univerfity, being grown rich with 
 Preferments, and consulting with his 
 
 and Divinity, and in it, it was filled 
 King's Hall, and Bazen-xofe College in 
 Oxford. 
 
 While the College was building, the 
 Bifliop purchafed the whole Eftate of 
 
 Kinfman Richard Sutton, of Presbttry in the Priory of- Cold Norton, and fettled 
 
 1 I'/"/"* /* 1 r 4 1 " . t t 1i-"1 
 
 Chejhire, how to difpofe of his Wealth 
 for the beft, agreed with him to lay 
 their Stocks together, and ereft a Nur- 
 fery of Religion, and Learning at Ox- 
 ford, to perpetuate their Names to fuc- 
 ceeding Ages. To this End they firft 
 purchafed of "Unl-verfity College, Brazen- 
 nofe, and little \Jniverjity Hall, with fomc 
 other Halls, Lands and Tenements ; and 
 then obtained of King Henry VIII. his 
 Letters Patents irnpowering them, their 
 Executors and Affigns, to eftablifli a 
 College in the Place of Brazen-nofe Hall 
 for a Principal, and fixty Scholars, to 
 receive an Education in Philofophy, 
 
 it upon the Principal, and Fellows ; but 
 died before the Edifices were finiflied, 
 which retarded them for a Time ; buc 
 Sutton, who was almoft an equal Bene- 
 fa&or with the Bifliop, went on with his 
 pious Work, and having completed it, 
 gave the Society a Body of Statutes, 
 agreed upon before by the Bifhop, as 
 well as himfelf, under his own Seal, in 
 which they are declared Co-Founders, 
 and that they had fettled for the Study 
 of Divinity, and Philofophy, a Princi- 
 pal, and twelve Fellows, all of them to 
 be Natives in the Dioccfe of Coventry, 
 and Lltchfeld, 
 
 Sutton further increafed the Number of Fellows, by adding three Priefts. 
 
 John WlUiamfon, Minifter of St. George's Church in Canterbury, gave two Fellows. 
 
 John Elton, alias Baker, Canon of Sarum, gave alfo Lands for one Fellow. 
 
 William Porter, left Money to purchale Lands to maintain one Fellow. 
 
 Edward Darby, Archdeacon of Stow in Lineolnflnre, founded one Fellow. 
 
 William Clifton, Sub-Dean of the Church of York, gave Lands for one Fellow. 
 
 Brian Higden allb left Money, to purchafe an Eftare to fupport one Fellow. 
 
 Jocofa Frankland alfo, befides feveral Lands ,. - i Tc-ne-^v 
 ments, which fhe gave for the Increafc of the Principal's/ Q p ,i 
 Commons, and Stipends of the Fellows, allotted out of them * 
 a Maintenance for 3 
 
 Which made the Number of Fellows twenty, befides the three Priefts. 
 
 Here were alfo diverfe Exhibitions, or Scholarmips, given by feveral Benefac- 
 tors, viz> 
 
 
 Claymond, Prefident of Corpus Chrljll College, ga*ve Lands for fix Scholars. 
 Humphrey Ogle, of Salfcrd in this County, gave" Lands to maintain two Scholars. 
 Alexander Nowell, Dean of St. Paul's London, afBgned Stipends for thirteen Scholars. 
 Jocofa Frankland, aforefaid, gave Exhibitions to four Scholars. 
 James Binks, alias Stoddaret, gave an Annuity of 5/. for one Scholar. 
 Sam. Radcllffe, devifed Lands in Bedfordshire for the L T fe of two Sochlars. 
 John Afilward, gave an Eftate of 8 /. 1 3 j. 4.4, for the Maintenance of one Scholar. 
 
 Y y a John
 
 35* o XFO R T> s if i R E 
 
 J*ln Cartivrittlt, of Aynoe in Northampton hire, gave an? ^ - , . 
 Annuity of ten Pounds, for the Maintenance of 5 TWO Scholar5> 
 
 Lectures in PhHofophy, and Hnmani- There was no Chapel in this College, 
 
 ty, as allb for the Greet, and Hebrew till 1667, but" divine Service was per- 
 
 Tongues were anciently founded in this f ~~ J '- -~ *^ * * L ~ T>..^ : 
 
 College by Sir John Per/, and ethers ; 
 but the Revenues are now turned to 
 
 other Ufes. 
 
 formed in an Oratory over the Butteries, 
 which the Year after was turned into 
 Chambers. 
 
 *__ __ 
 
 
 CORPUS CHRIST I COLLEGE. 
 
 Richard Fox, having, by Bifhop Mor- 
 ton* been recommended to the 
 Service of Henry Earl of Rjchmord, (af- 
 terwards King Henry VII.) fervcd. him 
 with that Fidelity, that after he came to 
 the Throne, by the Vi&ory over Richard 
 III. in Bofworth Yield, that Prince pre- 
 ferred him to the See of .Exeter, and as 
 it* he could never do enough for fo de- 
 Serving a Servant, removed him from 
 thence, frrft to B**-and Wells, then to 
 Durham, and laftly to Winchefter, where 
 after he had continued fome Time, never 
 unemployed in one At of Charity, er 
 other,, as an Oratory in Wincbejler Cathe- 
 dral, -two Free-Schools at Grantbam, and 
 Tauntcv, &c. at length came to a Refo- 
 Jution of beftowing his Wealth upon 
 i'bme lalting Monument of Charity in 
 this Univerfity. He began his Defign 
 with the Purchafe of certain Lands, 
 and Tenements belonging to the Nuns of 
 Godftonu, Canons of St. Fridefwlde, and 
 Jktertcti College ; and on them began his 
 intended Foundation of a College, for 
 a Warden, certain Monks, and fecular 
 Canons, to whom he conveyed them, to 
 the yearly Value of itfo/. Thcfe Monks 
 (which were in Number four only) he 
 would have called the Bifliop's Scholars, 
 and to be profefled Friars in the Mona- 
 ftcry of St. Switbhiy. requiring them to 
 be educated, in Arts, and Sciences, in 
 
 I 
 
 order to Divinity, and one of them to. 
 be Abbot, to that End .providing them 
 Lehirers, and Servants, as Cook, Bible- 
 Clerk, &v. Thus was this College in- 
 tended only as a Seminary to the Priory 
 of St. Switbin, at Winckefter* But before 
 he had fully finimed this College, Hugh 
 OJdham, Bifhop of Exeter, pcrfuaded him 
 to turn it to the UTe of fecular Stu- 
 dents, as the other Colleges of the Uni- 
 verfity were, promifing that then he 
 would be a Benefactor to it, to which 
 Fox yielding, refcinded his former Char- 
 ter, and fell to enlarging the Buildings, 
 and added Garden^ and Walks to it ;. 
 which having done, he purchafed a 
 Royal Charter of Foundation, That in 
 Honour, and Praife of God Almighty, 
 and the Holy. Body of Chrift, &>c. he 
 had built this College, (which he order- 
 ed to be called for ever, the. College of 
 Chrift's- Body at Oxford,) for one Prefi- 
 dent, thirty Scholars, more or lefs, ac- 
 cording to the Statutes to be made after- 
 ward for the Government of the Socir 
 ety, which were delivered to it, the 
 next Year, and in them his Will was, 
 that his Foundation fhould coniift of a 
 
 President,, and > twenty Fellows, 
 
 two Chaplains, as- many Clerks, and a 
 like Number of Choriftcrs, and three 
 LcSurers in Humanity, Greek, and Di- 
 vinity, 
 
 Tho-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 The Scholarships of this College were 
 founded, one for a Perfon of his Fami- 
 ly, by Mr. William Froft ; others by Mr. 
 Rich. Cebb, fometime a Fellow of it; fix 
 Exhibitions by Rob. Gale, a Vintner of 
 London, out of an Eftate of his at Cley- 
 pcle in Lancajbire. 
 
 The Buildings of this College were 
 finished moftly by the Founder, but the 
 Battlements, and Pinacles of the Qua- 
 drangle, were added by Edmund Reynolds, 
 fometime a Fellow of it, and the Build- 
 ings on the Eaft Side, at the Expence of 
 
 $57 
 
 and Dr. 
 
 Mr. Townfend of Staple f 
 Turner of Canterbury. 
 
 The Chapel was built by the Founder, 
 and is exempt from Epifcopal Jurifdic- 
 tion. 
 
 The Library is well furnifhed with: 
 Books by Bifhop Oldham, the Founder, 
 and Mr. Claymond the firft Prefident, to- 
 which Mr. Cohb, and Dr. Turner the late 
 Prefident, have made large Additions. 
 
 The local Vilitor is the Bilhop of 
 Winchefter for the Time Being. 
 
 The prefenc Prefident is Dr. Mather* 
 
 
 
 IST-CHURCH COLLEGE. 
 
 THomas Wolfey, Cardinal of San&a 
 Ctcilia, and Archbifliop of York, 
 may be faid properly the Founder of 
 this magnificent College, for he not only 
 obtained two Bulls of Pope Clement VII. 
 for the dilTolring of above forty Mona- 
 fteries, (of which the Priory or St. Fri- 
 defaide in Oxford, was the firll and 
 chiefeft) to unite them into one, for the 
 greater Benefit of Learning, and Reli- 
 gion ; but further procured a Royal 
 Charter of Xing Henry VIIL authori- 
 sing him to build, and endow a College, 
 to be called Cardinal College, upon the 
 Foundation of the Priory of Sr. Fride- 
 fwide, lately diflblved ; and to fettle 
 therein a Dean, fecnlar Canons, and 
 other Gownmen, for the Study of the 
 fiber'al Arts, and Sciences ; as Divinity, 
 Canon, and Civil Law, &c. and for 
 their Maintenance, to purchafe an E- 
 ftate of 2.000 7. per Ann. and convey the 
 fame to the faid Society for ever, dedi- 
 cating it to the Honour of the Holy 
 Trinity, the Virgin Mary, St. Fridefiuide, 
 and all the Saints. Soon after this the 
 Cardinal having purchafed fome other 
 Lands,. Uid the Foundation of this Col.- 
 
 lege with much Solemnity, and tha 
 Workmen were to proceed with all Ex- 
 pedition ; but before they had finifhed 
 any Part of it, but the Kitchin, the 
 Cardinal fell into Difgrace with tha 
 King, and being impeached of high 
 Crimes and Miiclemeanors , all trie 
 Eftate and Pofleffions of this Society, 
 were forfeited into the King's Hands, 
 which flopped the Building three Years, 
 In this -Time many Solicitations to the 
 King were made by the Friends of this 
 Univerfity, and the Cardinal's Scholars, 
 that fo noble a Defign might not.be let. 
 fall ; and at length prevailed lb; fai> 
 with the King, that he iffued out hii 
 Letters Patents, ordering, that the Col- 
 lege fhould be carried on in the lame* 
 Place, and have fame Revenues, but 
 bear the Name of Henry the EigthV 
 College ; but not being pleafed witb> 
 this Appointment, he fupprcfled this< 
 Foundation in 1 545, and in the Year 
 following, Nov. 4. by his Letters Parents 
 tranflatcd the Epifcopal See from Ofney-^ 
 to this Society,, making the Church, 
 thereof a Cathedral, by the Name of;
 
 35* 
 
 XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 . O zul: *io z 
 
 Ecclefa Chrilli Cathedralis Oxwienjis ex Fttndaticne 
 Regis HENRICI Ottavi, 
 
 
 and fettling therein a Bifliop, Dean, and Clerks; one Oragnift, eight Chorifters, 
 -eight Canons, to whom, and their 'Sue- and their Matter, and forty Students, 
 ceflbrs for ever, he gave the Ground, chofcn from Vieftniinfter School yearly 
 and Edifices of the faid College, and April 26, which Queen Elizabeth made 
 feveral Lands, and Eftates, Tenements, up an Hundred. 
 
 Penfions, Tithes, &c. to the Value of Several Scholarfliips have fince been 
 zoo I. per Ann. for the perpetual Main- added to this Foundation by diverfe Be- 
 tena'nce of eight petty Canons, eight nefa&ors, viz. 
 .tvJttifi. - 3f(T 3k>f>, 
 
 Dr. J-dbn Chaloner, who gave an Annuity of twenty Pounds 
 to be paid to- 
 
 or fomeLe&urer in Divinity, after his and his Wife's Deceafe. j 
 
 -Mr. John Boftock, who gave certain Tenements in new^ 
 Windfor, for > 
 
 Mr. Tho. White, Citizen of London, who gave an Annuity -* 
 of four Pounds, for 
 
 Mr. William Thurjlan, of London, gave eight Hundred-^ 
 Pounds for the Maintenance of 
 
 Dr. Richard Gardiner gave fourteen Pounds per Annum,** 
 to maintain r 
 
 Dr. Richard Busby, head Mafter of Wejlminfter School,"^ 
 
 founded " ( 
 
 one for the Oriental Languages, and the other for the Ma-r 
 thematicks. } 
 
 Poor Scholars. 
 
 Four poor Students 
 One poor Scholar. 
 Two poor Scholars. 
 Two Servitors. 
 
 Two Leftures. 
 
 The Buildings of this College were 
 begun by Cardinal Wolfey, and completed 
 by King Henry VIII. but have fince been 
 often repaired, and fome of them re- 
 * built, partly by large Contributions, and 
 partly at the Expence of the College, 
 fo that, (as it now ftands) tis a noble 
 Seat of the Mufes, and the Hall parti- 
 cularly is one of the largeft llooms in 
 England, having a magnificent Stair- 
 Cafe afcending to if, which is a great 
 Grace to it. 
 
 The Church is Par-t of it the -fame, 
 which anciently .belonged to the Priory 
 of St. .Fridffaide, and 'is indeed a very' 
 
 plain Edifice, fituated upon that Ac- 
 count well enough, without the Eaft 
 Side of the great Quadrangle, as a 
 Blind to fo rude a Work. 
 
 This College being a Royal Founda- 
 tion, is to be vifited by the King, or 
 Queen on the Throne only, or byCom- 
 miffioners under the Great Seal of Great 
 "Britain in their Name, King Henry VIII. 
 having appointed no fpecial Vifitor, by 
 any of his Statutes, and fo the Crown 
 keeps Pofleflion, as his Heir in all the 
 Succeflions to it. 
 
 The prefent Dean, or Head of this 
 College is Dr. Bradfiaw, 
 
 TRINITY
 
 OXFO 
 
 S H IRE. 
 
 359 
 
 TRINITY COLLEGE. 
 
 
 SIR Thomas Pope, of Tettetihange in 
 Hertfordshire, Knt. having purchalcd 
 Durham College, -which had been a Se- 
 minary in this Univerfity, for the Edu- 
 cation of the Monks of the Cathedral of 
 Durham, but was lately diflblved by 
 King Henry VIII. refolved to convert 
 it again to the Ufe of Learning, for 
 Seculars, and to that End having 
 obtained a Royal Charter, impowering 
 
 . 
 
 ham College, which was conveyed to 
 him under the Name of a Mefluage, to 
 them and their Succeflbrs for ever. Af- 
 ter this Inftitution he furniflied his Col- 
 lege with all Neceflaries, as a Library, 
 Ornaments in the Chapel and Hall, Im- 
 plements for the Kitchins, and Butteries^ 
 &c. and provided proper Statutes in 
 1555, in which he affirms, that he 
 founded the Society for the Propagation 
 
 him to ereft, ' and found a College of Chfiftianity, and the Subfiftence of 
 confiding of a Prefident in holy Orders, poor, and indigent Scholars, twenty in 
 
 Number, to be yearly elc&ed, on any 
 Vacancy, upon Trinity Monday, out of 
 
 twelve Fellows, (four of them alfo being 
 in thu fame Orders) and eight Scholars; 
 and to endow them, which he did ae- 
 
 the Towns where his Eftate lay in this. 
 
 . 
 
 cordingly, and confirmed the faid Dur- Shire, Gloucejlerjhire, Hertfordjhire, &c. 
 
 On M.ty 30, 1556, he confirmed the Number of his Fellows, to be twelve 
 Fellows. 
 
 And of his Scholars, as of his original Foundation, to be eight Scholars. 
 
 At the fame Time adding, to be maintained out of the-\ 
 
 Eftates givc-n / Four Scholar 
 
 more, and to have and enjoy the fame Privileges as the r* 
 former eight. ) 
 
 He alfo appointed two poor Scholars for the Butler, and Porter. 
 
 Several Exhibitions have alfo been given to this College by diverfe Benefa&or% 
 
 One Scholar. 
 
 . 
 
 One Scholar. 
 Poor Scholars. 
 
 Richard Blottnt,, of London, Efq; an Hundred Pounds for 
 the Maintenance of 
 
 Kath.trine Conftable, Widow of Sir John, ten Pounds per 
 Ann. for the Education of 
 
 J-ohn Whetjlcn Merchant, five Hundred Pounds for the 
 Maintenance of r b 
 
 Edward Batkurfi, D. D. twenty-four Pounds psr Aan. to be laid out in charitable 
 Ufes: 
 
 As did alfo, Thomas Rowney, of Oxford, Efq; to this, Exeter, and jFefut Colleges, 
 one Thoufand Pounds to purchafe Advowfons. 
 
 LifcluenT t : ' -T.O fc>? 
 
 The Buildings of this College, which .Court* and a Buildjng for Commoners, 
 
 'now tilled JCettk- Salt, To thefe Dr, 
 B*wk/v/?,- by the- Help of Contributions 
 'from -Archbifhoj) ' Sfaldon, ^n'd' others, 
 added a fine Su'u61urc, and expendeH 
 lumfelf a confider&ble Sum^ to' make 
 
 the 
 
 now changed its.Narne from Dttrlam to 
 Trinity, was repaired only by Svv Tko. 
 Pope, and left to the Society without 
 much Ornament, as it continued, till 
 Dr. Kettle ereSled Garrets round the
 
 [OS 
 
 XFO R 2) SHIR 
 
 trie Prefident's Lodgings more handYomc 
 ^and convenient. 
 
 The Chapel here is a neart, and ele- 
 gant Pile of Building, wainfcotted with 
 Cedar, and adorned with fine Paintings, 
 and other Workmanfhip, done by the beft 
 Hands ; and almoft all ere&ed at the 
 proper Charge of the forementioned Dr. 
 Bathm-ft, late Piefidentof it, whoisfatd 
 to have laid out of his own Money, 
 nineteen Hundred Pounds about it. 
 
 The Library, which is on the Eaft 
 Side of the Quadrangle, was repaired 
 by the Founder, and furniihed by him 
 with, ninety-three Volumes, and among 
 them foine Manufcripts ; and William 
 Lord Craven, Son of Sir William Craven 
 of London, gave one Hundred Pounds to 
 it to buy Books. 
 
 The prefent Prefident of this College 
 is Dr. 
 
 
 St. JOHN B APT IS TV COLLEGE. 
 
 m vnsv, j *t- :[J>'DZ int<; ;,nf brw f "Upq t *v,M>iO j^i list- irabmt 
 
 SI R TJiomas White, Alderman of Lon- 
 don, was the Founder of this College. 
 He entertained a Defign at firft, to build 
 ibme Houfc for the Improvement of 
 Learning at Reading in Berkjbire ; but 
 upon other Thoughts turned his Refolu- 
 tions to Oxford, as rtvore 'for the publick 
 Advantage, and to that End procured 
 a Royal Charter, 2. Phil. & Mar. im- 
 poweririg him to found a College in Ho- 
 nour of Almighty God, the Virgin Mary, 
 and St. John Baptijl ; for the Study of 
 Arts and Divinity, for a Prefident, and 
 thrrty Graduate, or Non-Graduate Fel- 
 lows, and Scholars, to be increafed, or 
 diminifhed at his Difcretion, or his Heirs 
 and Succeflbrs, with a Licenfe to make 
 Statutes for the Government of the 
 fame. For the Situation of it, he pur- 
 chafed a Mefluage in Magdalene Parifh, 
 called St. Barnard's College, where he 
 eftablimed his Foundation under the 
 Name of St. Jolm Baftijt's College, and 
 
 placed in it one Prefident, and three 
 Graduate Fellows to poflefs the fame, till 
 he mould add more, which he a litt e 
 after did, by procuring a new Charter, 
 4 8 5 Phil. & Mar. whereby he fettled 
 in this College one Prefident, fifty Fel- 
 lows, and Scholars, (twelve of whom to 
 be Lawyers) three Chaplain-Pricfts, 
 three Lay Clerks unmarried, and fix 
 Chorifters ; but thefe three laft were 
 about twenty Years after abrogated by 
 the Prefident, and Fellows. For the 
 Maintenance of this Society, the Foun- 
 der fettled eight Manors in this Shire, 
 and Berkfiire, while he lived, and at his 
 Death left them three Thoufand Pounds 
 more, to purchale Eftates with, provi- 
 ded his Foundation might enjoy all the 
 Privileges, and Immunities of the other 
 Colleges, which was foon after granted 
 by the Convocation of Regents, &>c. 
 under the Univerfity Seal, which they 
 now have. 
 
 Other Bencfaftors to this Society arc, viz- 
 
 
 John Cafe, Dr. of Phyfick, gave one Thoufand Pounds 
 to buy an Eftate of five Pounds a Year, to be divided 
 annnally between 
 
 Walter Fijb, Merchant Taylor of London, gave an Annui- 
 ty of 7 7. <> i. S d. to be paid by the Merchant-Taylors J 
 Company, And xiividcd among 
 
 Two Students in 
 ^ Divinity. 
 
 Five poor Scholars 
 ^ftudying Divinity. 
 
 Hugh
 
 .DXFO R ) SHIR E. 
 
 $6 1 
 
 One poor Scholar. 
 
 Henly, Alerchant-Taylor, gave fifty Pounds for> 
 the Maintenance of 5 
 
 George Palm, Citizen of London, gave three Hundred > 
 
 Pounds to purchafe Lands to fupport Students in Arts, to Four poor Scholars, 
 be continued to them, till they were Do&ors in Divinity. 3 
 
 Tho. Paradyne, Citizen of London, gave an annual Exhibi- } 
 
 tion of -ten Pounds, for f _ e t, i 
 
 four Pounds of it to one, and two Pounds, to the Reft, C 
 each, there is Land tied for the Payment. j 
 
 Dr. William Gibbons, an eminent London Phyfician, and formerly Fellow of this 
 College, gave the perpetual Advowfon of the Re&ory of Beverley in Yorkfiire, to 
 this Society, to be a Reward for the moft deferving Perfon for his Knowledge in 
 Divinity. 
 
 But the moft confiderable Beneitors to this College, are Archbifhop jfuxon, 
 gave it fix Thoufand Pounds ; and 
 
 Mr. Rujlat one Thoufand Pounds. 
 
 The Buildings were at firft no other, 
 than what the Monks of St. Bernard ufcd ; 
 what are fince added, were partly at the 
 Expcnce of the College, and partly by 
 the Monies .given by Mr. Barns, &c. 
 The little Quadrangle was all built by 
 Archbifhop Laud, except the old Libra- 
 ry. The Hall is the fame the Monks of 
 St. Bernard ufed, and was only repaired 
 by Sir Thomas' White. 
 
 The Chapel is the fame with the Mo- 
 naftick, but much adorned by the Foun- 
 der, both within and without, who fur- 
 nifhed it with 'Seats, Caps, Hoods, &>c. 
 many of which were taken away at the 
 Reformation, but have fince been re- 
 ftored. Several Perfon* alfo have given 
 Legacies for the farther Adorning it, by 
 which the Altar is cloathed with fine 
 
 Coverings, and the Floor paved with 
 chequered Marble. 
 
 The Library was built out of a ruina- 
 ted Part of the Carmilite Priory in Oxford^ 
 by the Liberality of the Merchant-Tay- 
 lors Company, who gave two Hundred, 
 Pounds towards it ; and other leJflfer Be- 
 nefa&ors. After it was .finifiied, the 
 Books belonging to the College before 
 were placed in it, which hath fince been 
 enriched with the Libraries of Dr. Henry 
 Price, Mr. Henry Trefiam, and Mr. Wil- 
 liam Paddy ; and fevcral -Manufcripts, 
 and other Books, given by Archbishop 
 Laud. The Library-Keeper hath three 
 Pounds per Ann. made up by Mr. William 
 who found, the Salary but -26 * 
 
 
 .. 
 
 JESUS 

 
 O XFO R T> SHIRE* 
 
 
 JESUS COLLEGE. 
 
 HVgb Price, Dr. of the Canon Laws, 
 in this Univerfity, and Treafurer 
 of the Church of St. David's, being 
 grown rich, upon Consultation with his 
 Friends, came at length to a Refolution 
 to found a College at Oxford, for the 
 Maintenance of certain Scholars to be 
 choleh out of Wales, the native Coun- 
 trey of this Dr. Price; whereupon he 
 became an humble Suitor to Queen 
 Elizabeth to grant him a Charter for 
 that Purpofe, which having obtained, 
 he was allowed to go on in the Founda- 
 tion ; but by the Charter, i. The 
 Queen is faid to have founded it within 
 the Precinfts of an antient Hbftel, be- 
 longing formerly to the Priory of St. 
 Fridefwlde, called White-Halt, and have 
 ordered it to bear the Name of Collegium 
 jFefu Oxon, ex fundatione Elizabeth * Re- 
 Rin&* 2. That it fliould confift of one 
 Principal, eight Fellows, and as many 
 Scholars, of whom the Queen fhould 
 have the firft Nomination. 3. That for 
 the honourable Subfiftence of this Soci- 
 ety, the foid Hugh Price fhould endow it 
 
 with a yearly Revenue of one Hundred 
 fixty Pounds. 4. That he fhould have fu. 
 ficient Timber, for building his College, 
 out of her Majefty's Woods at Stow, 
 and Shtover. 5. The Queen commif- 
 oned certain Perlbns to take Care of the 
 Buildings, and am" ft in fettling the En- 
 dowment on the Society. Soon after 
 this Grant, Dr. Price fettled feveral 
 Lands, Mefluages, and Tenements upon 
 the Principal, Fellows, and Scholars, 
 for a perpetual Maintenance of them 
 and their Succeflbrs ; but by what Mis- 
 fortune it happened, we know not, the 
 Eftates fo fettled came to fo little, that 
 only the Principal, and two, or three 
 of the Fellows could live on them, and 
 the Reft having nothing but the bare 
 Title of Fellows ; however the Building 
 of the College went on after the Doc- 
 tor's Death, and was completed with 
 the Monies he left for that End ; and 
 what Defers fell out in the firft Endow- 
 ment, were made up foon by Benefac- 
 tors. 
 
 For Dr. Griffith Floid, the fccond Principal of it, gave? 
 certain Lands in Cardiganshire, for the Maintenance or 5 
 
 Herbert Wejrphalixg alfo beftowed Eftates in Herefcrdjhire,') 
 for 5 
 
 Henry Rowlands, Bimop of Bangor, gave certain Lands ) 
 
 in the Ifle of Man, for ( 
 
 one to be chofen from Bangor, and the other from Beaumaris{ 
 School. y 
 
 Owen Wood, and his Wife, gave two Hundred Pounds toe , 
 purchafe an Eftatc for the Support of 5 
 
 The. Reddriche gave two Tenements at MeJJtng in Effex,7 
 and forty Pounds Rent, for 5 
 
 Griff tb Powell gave an Eftate of 648 /. 1 7 /. a d. for the 1 
 Maintenance of j 
 
 Will'tam Pritchard, born at Abergavennep, but Minifter of > 
 Ewelme in this Shire, gave two Hundred Pounds to pur- ^ 
 chafe an Eftate, to be a Stipend for 3 
 
 Sir Thmas Winne, of an ancient Family in Denbighjhire,~} 
 gave five Hundred Pounds to purchafe an Annuity for the ?* 
 Education of -* 
 
 One Fellow. 
 Two Fellows. 
 
 Two Fellows, 
 
 One Fellow. 
 Two Fellows. 
 One Fellow. 
 
 One Fellow. 
 One Fellow.
 
 O XF R <B SHIR E. 
 
 Stephen Rodtvey, of London, left the like Sum, &>c, to] 
 fupport ^ 
 
 Sir John Walter Knt. chief Baron of the Exchequer, 
 gave one Thoufand Pounds to purchafe Land for a perpe- * 
 tual Exhibition for 
 
 King Charles I. granted feveral Lands, and Tenements 
 maintain 
 
 David Parry, of Cardiganfiire, gave twenty Pounds per] 
 'Ann. for the Support of 
 
 Thomas Gwynne, Chancellor of Landajfe, gave the Impro-' 
 priation of Holy-Head, valued at eighty rounds per Ann. ' 
 for the Maintenance of 
 
 Wittlam Backhoufe, of SwaUovtfeld in Berkjliirg, gave cer- 
 tain Lands of fixty-fivc Pounds per Ann. Value, for the ( 
 Education of 
 
 Sir LeoRne Jenkins, LL. D. fome Time Principal of this 
 College, and after Secretary of State, founded, and en- 
 dowed- 
 
 One Fellovt 
 Two Fellows. 
 
 One Fellow. 
 One Fellow. 
 
 Two Fellows. 
 Two Fellows, 
 
 Three new Fellow- 
 
 two of whom are obliged to ferve as Chaplains in the Fleer, ^X,. 
 or go as Mifllonaries to propagate the Gofpel in the foreignf 
 Plantations, as the Lord High Admiral of England, or Bi- 
 fliop of London, lhall require. 
 
 This College alfo hath had many Benefa&ors, who have founded Scholarlhips 
 for the Education of Youth of the poorer Sort, viz.. 
 
 Herbert Weflphaling, Bifhop of Hereford 
 for Scholars of his Blood. 
 
 Q<wen Wood one, Griffith Powell four, and Richard Tarry 
 one; in all 
 
 .Sir Tho. Wynne wie, Sir John Walter two, and Rich. Budde 
 one ; in all i 
 
 Mr. Owen two of ten Pounds per Ann, each, and William 
 Thomas two. 
 
 William Parry two, and Tho. Gwynne two, for his Kin- 
 dred. 
 
 Sir Leoline fenkens gave thirty Pounds per Ann. between 
 five Penfioners ; and as much to be divided between three 
 Exhibitioners 
 
 Edmund Meyrlck gave alib eight Pounds per Ann. to fix Exhibitioners. 
 
 He alfo gave fome Part of the fame Eftate to purchafe Advowfons, for his 
 Scholars. 
 
 Sir LeoKne Jerikens alfo erefted and endowed two Le^ures , for the explaining 
 Authors, both Greek and Latin. 
 
 Two Scholar/hips, 
 Six Scholarfhips. 
 Four Scholarfhipsi 
 Four Scholarships. 
 Four Scholarfiiips. 
 
 n'% School 
 in Glamor gar ^) ire. 
 
 N. B. That though both the FeHowfliips, and Scholarfhips of this College, ap- 
 pear to be more than fixteen each, yet they are kept within that Number by 
 the Society, for the better Maintenance of the Students. 
 
 Zzz
 
 3*4 
 
 O XFO RTtSHIRE. 
 
 The Buildings, (befides what the Foun- 
 der, and his Truftee Mr. Thelwall erec- 
 ted, viz* the firft Quadrangle) were ad- 
 ded by the Care of Dr. Powell, and Dr. 
 JMaxcel, who procured Contributions for 
 that Purpofe ; but through the Iniquity 
 of the Times, could not finifli their 
 Defign. 
 
 Cherbury, and Dr. Mancel ; but this Li- 
 brary was pulled down to ere& a Qua- 
 drangle, which was never built, andfo- 
 the' Books are kept in a Chamber over 
 the Kitchin, till a better Repofitory 
 can be found for them. 
 
 The Chapel was built by the Contri- 
 butions of the Weljb Gentlemen, when 
 
 The Library was begun by Mr. Thel- Dr. Powell was Principal, and confecra- 
 watl, but left to be finiflied by the li- ted by Dr. Howfon, Bifliop of Oxford, to 
 beral Contributions of others, and chief- 
 ly of the Lady Bromty, who gave one 
 Hundred Pounds towards it. As foon as 
 it was finifhed, it was filled with Books 
 
 given By Sir John Price, Mr. William 
 Oliver Lloid, Lord Herbert of. 
 
 the. Name o ! the blefled JESUS, Anno 
 itfzr, but being too fmall for the So^ 
 ciety, it was enlarged by Sir Charles 
 Williams of jMonmouit>Jbire y Bar. at the 
 Expence of two Hundred and fifty 
 Pounds, as is faid. 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 WAD HAM COLLEGE. 
 
 THIS College was defigned by 
 Nicholas Wadharn^ of Merefeld in 
 S-tfnerfetJhire, Efq; who had been for 
 fome Time a Gentleman Commoner in 
 this- Univerfity ; but he had no fooner 
 began to purchafe Ground to build it on, 
 bi> he died'; yet not laying afide his 
 Parppfe, he by his Will, of which Do- 
 nttfltftS Wife, Siftor of John Lord Petre, 
 of IngatlJlone-Uatt in Eflex, was .mada Ex- 
 ecutrix, ami -Tome of his Kindred, and 
 Servants Truftees, ordered his Inten- 
 tion ta be fully performed, and finimed, 
 wlTrteh, accordingly was done. The 
 Ground-Plot made Choice of \>y Wad- 
 fo0, Vt&sGJ.oucefer-Htll, but Dr. #hw- 
 /ey, then Principal of it, refining to lay 
 down his Head/hip, unlcfs he was pro. 
 3*ifexl to be Preudent of the New Col- 
 lige, the Lady Dorothy purchafed the 
 difiblvcd Priory, of the. Canons of Sr. 
 daftly, in the City of Uyford, at a dear 
 Ifcue, to creft her College on, yot on 
 Condition^-, that the City fh'ould ' have 
 ib^ Nomination of one Fellow, and two 
 Schqjars.: However, the Houfe being 
 , , fte pulled down the ruinouv 
 
 Farts of'ir, and having raifed the Wallj 
 of. the Quadrangle, procured a Royal 
 Charter, authorizing her to found a 
 College for Students in Divinity, Phy- 
 ftck, Law, and all other Arts and Sci- 
 ences, and to place therein fixteen 
 Fellows,' and thirty Scholars, (Gradu- 
 ates, or Non-Graduates) and to fettle 
 Revenues fufficient for their Mainte-? 
 . nance. By. virtue of , this Charter, the 
 Lady Dorothy tranfmitted a Body of Sta-r 
 tutes to her Foundation, and. fettled it 
 thus: That it fliould bear the Name of 
 Wadh'am College, and in it fhould be. 
 one Warden, fifteen Fellows, and as 
 many Scholars, two Chaplains, two 
 Clerks, and other inferior Officers. The, 
 . W-arden to be a^Mafter of. Arts at leaft, 
 born in any Part of Great Britain; but 
 to leave his Head/hip, if -he marry, or 
 be made a Bifliop.; the Fellows .to ihidy 
 what they pleafc, but to rclinquifh their 
 Feilov/fliips, eighteen Years after their 
 Regency; and the Scholars to be cho- 
 fcn, three out of Somerfetjbire, and three 
 out .of E/ey, but the Reft out of any 
 County in England,, all 'which fhe ad- 
 mitted
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 365 
 
 muted into her College, April 12, and Rhetorick Profeflbr in Grejltam 
 
 1613. College. He gave all his Lands at Wal~ 
 
 The Chief, if not the only Benefac- tham-Sto-w in EJfex, to this College, to 
 
 ror to this College, equal to many, was pay thefe Exhibitions, -viz. 
 Thom.is Gocdridge, M. A. Fellow of this, 
 
 To four Penfioners, nine Pounds per Ann. each. 
 To three Foundation-Scholars, three Pounds per Ann. each. 
 To the Moderator in Divinity Difputations, 3 /. 6 s. 8 d. 
 To the Carcchetick Lefturer, forty Shillings. 
 To the Dean's Subftitute, 2 /. 6s. S d. 
 
 To the Mathematick Lefturer, if he expounds in the long Vacation, t.venty 
 Shillings. 
 
 To the Logick Lefturer, one Pound. 
 
 For a Speech on the Founder, Oftob. 20, one Pound. 
 
 To a Moderator at the Philofophy Difputations, one Pound. 
 
 To the Library-Keeper," a Mark. 
 
 The Buildings of this College are as 
 regular, as any in the Univerfity, and 
 were all erefted by the Lady Dorothy, 
 the Foundrefs ; whofe Statute, with her 
 Husband's, (lands over the Weftern 
 Gate, with this Infcription between them, 
 Anno Horn. 1613, Apr. 20, Sub aufpiciis 
 Jacobl Regis, i. e. under the Favour and 
 Prote&ion of King James. 
 
 The Chapel was built and adorned 
 by the Foundrefs, and confecrated with 
 great Solemnity, by Dr. jfohK Bridges, 
 Bifhop of Oxford, with the Cloifter, and 
 Buryjng-Place adjoining. 
 
 The Library was built alfo by the 
 
 Foundrefs, who gave a confidcrable 
 Number of Books to it, and other Be- 
 ncfa&ors followed her Example; but 
 the moft memorable of them, Was Dr. 
 Philip Biffe, Archdeacon of Taanton, who 
 gave his whole Library to it, confuting 
 of two Thoufand Volumes, and thought 
 to be worth one Thoufand, and feven 
 Hundred Pounds. ' It is (ituate on the 
 Ealt Side of the Quadrangle over the 
 Kitchin. 
 
 The local Vifitor of this College iV 
 the Bifhop of Bath and W-elh for ths 
 Time Being. 
 
 The prefent Warden 1 is Dr. 
 
 PEMBROKE COLLEGE. 
 
 TH E Foundation of this College 
 proceeded from hence. Thomas 
 TJfdAle, of Glimpton near Woodftockt in 
 this County, Efq; by his laft Will, da- 
 ted June 30, 1610, bequeathed five 
 Thoufand Pounds to purchafe Lands, 
 a-nd'Tenements, for the Alaintenance of 
 certain Fellows,- and Scholars to be cho- 
 
 fen from the Free School at Atingtcnj 
 into any College of this Univerfity, 
 making Archbimop Abbot and other 
 Perfons of Note, together with thc> 
 principal Burgefles of Ablngton, Truftee': 
 to his Will. Thefe offered ro increaie 
 the Society of BaUol College, by this- 
 Benefaftion \vith feven Fellows, and fix 
 
 Scholars ; .
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Scholars; but not coming to an Agree- 
 ment, Dr. Richard Whightwick promifing 
 to be a confiderable Benefa&or, indu- 
 ced the Feoffees to fix on Broadgate-HaU, 
 for the Settlement of Tifedale's Charity, 
 which he before had fome Thoughts to 
 endow. The Place being thus agreed 
 on, the Feoffees and Corporation of 
 Abington^ by Means of William Earl of 
 Pembroke, made Suit to the King, (James 
 I.) to impower them to found a certain 
 College in the Univerfity of Oxford, to 
 which the King confenting, iflued out a 
 Charter of Mortmain, dated June 29, 1624, 
 wherein it was ordained, that a perpe- 
 tual College fliould be founded within 
 the Limits of Broadgate Hall, (a diflblved 
 Seminary belonging to the Priory of St. 
 frldefwlde^ for one Mailer, ten Fellows, 
 and as many Scholars Graduate, or Non- 
 Graduate, Students in Theology, Law, 
 Phyfick, &*c. who fliould enjoy all the 
 Privileges of a Body Politick, and be 
 known by the Name of the Mafter, 
 Fellows, and Scholars of Pembroke Col- 
 lege ; and that George Lord Archbifliop 
 of Canterbury, William Earl of Pembroke, 
 Richard Whitwick, &c. fliould make a 
 Body of Statutes for the Ufe of the 
 Society, who fliould be allowed to pur- 
 
 1. Archbifliop Abbot, who paid three Hundred Pounds for them to Baliol College, 
 and gave them one Hundred Pounds. 
 
 2. King Charles I. who granted to them the perpetual Advowfon of Sr. A/date's 
 Church, and gave alfo Lands to maintain one Fellow, to be chofen out of the Ifles 
 of Guernfey, or jferfey, being a Native of either of them. 
 
 ;. Juliana Stafford, Relitt of Alexander Stafford of Holborn, London, gave five 
 Pounds per Ann. towards the Education of two poor Scholars to be educated in the 
 Study of Divinity, nominated by the Mafter, and to be enjoyed, till they become 
 Matters of Arts. 
 
 4. Francis Reufe, who by his Will dcvifed fixty Pounds per Ann. forty out of the 
 Tithes of Bookham in Surry, and twenty out of a Tenement at Cowkbury in Dtvon, 
 for three Students of low Fortunes, either of his Kindred, or from two of the up. 
 per Clafles of Eaton School. 
 
 5. Dr. George Morley, Bifhop of Wincbefter, who at the Time of his Death, found- 
 ed five Scholarships, for Students from the Ifles of jFerfey, and Guernfey, and en- 
 dowed them with a liberal Allowance. 
 
 chafe Lands, and Tenements, to the 
 yearly Value of feven Hundred Pounds. 
 Soon after this, the Mafter, Fellows, 
 and Scholars, were put into Pofleffion of 
 their College, fufficiently large to re- 
 ceive them ; and three Years after they 
 had a Body of Statutes delivered to 
 them, in which it was ordered of Tife- 
 dale's Fellows, that four of them fliould 
 be chofen from his Kindred, and all 
 feven as foon as they were Matters of 
 Arts, be in holy Orders, and that the 
 Scholars be all chofen from Abington 
 School, two of them of his Blood, and 
 the other four Natives of Abington, and 
 elefted from that School. Dr. Whieht- 
 tuick added three Fellowfliips, and four 
 Scholarfliips to Tifedale's, giving Lands, 
 of one Hundred Pounds per Ann. Value, 
 for their Maintenance ; and requiring, 
 that two of his Fellows, and as many of 
 his Scholars, fliould be either of his 
 Name, or Kindred, and the reft of 
 Abington School. The Ele&ion of Tife- 
 dale's Scholars, is made on the Tuefday 
 after the firft Sunday in Auguft, yearly, 
 by the Mafter of this College, two Se- 
 niors of Tifedale's Fellows, QPC. 
 
 Other Benefa&ors to this College are, 
 
 The
 
 XF R T> SHIR E. 
 
 The Buildings are Part of them the 
 fame which belonged to Broadgate-Hall, 
 and the Reft were built at the Expcnce 
 of Tifedale, Wigttwick, and other Benc- 
 faftors ; but the Number of Students in- 
 creafing fo much, that the College would 
 not hold them, the Society took in cer- 
 tain Chambers, called the Abington Lodg- 
 ings, New College Lodgings, and Camby 
 Lodgings. 
 
 The Chapel is nothing elfe but the 
 South Wing of St. Aldate's Church. 
 
 The Library is a large Chamber over 
 the South Wing of St. Aldates's Church, 
 
 repaired, and filled by diverfe Benefac- 
 tors, among whom the Chief are, Dr. 
 Clayton, who gave twenty Pounds to- 
 wards the Repairs, and fome printed, 
 and manufcript Books; William Gardiner, 
 of Linton, who gave the greateft Part of 
 his Library, about the Time that it v.as 
 repaired ; Sir Robert Hanfon, of London^ 
 Sec. 
 
 The local Vifuor of this College, is 
 the Chancellor of the Univerfity for the 
 Time being. 
 
 The prefent Mafter is Dr. Panting, 
 
 Of the HALLS of Ms UNIVERSITY. 
 
 T 
 
 H E Name of Hall at firft was 
 given to Houfes now called Col- 
 leges, but now is appropriated only to 
 fuch fmall unindowed Houfes, as are 
 little more, than more creditable Inns, 
 for the Reception of Students. Of this 
 Kind there are feven in this Univerfity, 
 viz.. Alban, Hart, Edmund, St. Mary, 
 New, Magdalene, and Gkucefter Halls ; 
 of which it may be in general obferved, 
 that though they keep up a Kind of Col- 
 lege-Government, and Order, yer they 
 diifcr in many Things, as i. All their 
 Heads, or Principals, are appointed by 
 the Chancellor, except that of Edmund- 
 Hall, who is nominated by Queens Col- 
 lege. 2. They are regulated by Statutes 
 made by the Chancellor, and whole 
 Univerfity. 3. The Principals, and 
 Scholars are obliged to go to their Pa- 
 rifh. Churches on folcmn Days for di- 
 vine Service, as Magdalene, Edmund, and 
 Hart Hz///, to St. Peter in the Eaft ; Al- 
 bw-Ha!l to Merton Church ; St. Mary- 
 Hall to St. Mary's ; New-Inn to St. Peter's 
 in the Bailiff; and Ghucejter-H,*ll to St. 
 Thomas's Church. 4. They are not en- 
 dowed with yearly Revenues, though 
 
 fome have Exhibitions for the Mainte- 
 nance of poor Students. 5. The Stu- 
 dents pay a yearly Rent, for their 
 Chambers, to their Principals, and live 
 at their own Charge. 6- Nore may be 
 admitted into any of them, unlcfs he 
 comes with his Books, and Goods, and 
 hath a Chamber to refide in. 7. Every 
 Student, at his Admimon, is obliged to 
 take an Oath before the Principal, or 
 Vice-Principal, (if he be fifteen Years 
 old, or if not as ibon, as he is fo) that 
 he will obierve the Statutes, and Cu- 
 ftoms of the Hall, under Pain of Ex- 
 pulfion. What is more particularly ob- 
 lervable in them, will be taken Notice 
 of in the fliort Account of them follow- 
 ing. 
 
 ALBAN-HALL, is the moft ancient 
 of them, and is innate in St. John Bap- 
 tips P*rim, by Merton College. It is lb 
 called from Robert de St. Alban'*, an Ox- 
 ford Citizen, who was anciently the 
 Owner of it, and fold it with another 
 Tenement called Nuns-Hail, to the Nuns 
 of Littlemore in Oxfordshire. Thefe Halls 
 afterward came to be diftinfUy inhabited 
 
 by
 
 368 
 
 O XF RT> S HI R E. 
 
 by Students, and were fubjeft to diverfe 
 Principals, but were united in King 
 Henry VI's Reign, and To became fubjet 
 to the fame Difcipline and Principal. 
 But ftill they were in the Pofleffion of 
 the Nuns of Littlemore, till they demifed 
 them, under the Name of Alban, and 
 Noon Halls, to the Warden and Fellows 
 of Merton College, for the Term of 
 ninety-nine Years. The Society of Mer- 
 ton College remained in Pofleffion of 
 them, till they devolved to Cardinal 
 Wolfey, by the Grant of the Nunnery of 
 Littlemore to him; but upon the Confif- 
 cation of the Cardinal's Eftate, King 
 Henry came to the Pofleffion of thefe 
 Halls, and gave them to his Phyfician 
 Dr. George Owen, formerly Fellow of 
 Merton^ from whom by feveral mein 
 Conveyance, they came again te the 
 Warden, and Fellows of Merton, to 
 whom it now belongs. It now lies in a 
 iruinous and defolatc Condition. Some 
 Perfons of Note were bred in this Hall 
 as Richard Fitz.-'~f awes, Bifhop of London, 
 who was Principal of it ; Francis Gou<rh, 
 Bifhop of Limerick in Ireland; Philip Maf- 
 Jinger, a famous Poet, and Comedian ; 
 William Lenthall, Speaker in the Long 
 parliament, . 
 
 HART-HALL, fo called from Ellas 
 de Hartford the Owner of if, who dcmi- 
 fing it to fome Scholars of the Univer- 
 fity, ftilcd it Hart-Hill in the Leafe, 
 from the firft Part -of his Name ; and 
 -under the fame Name he fr-ld it to John 
 Vjkelinrrtjn, a Citizen of Oxford, who not 
 long after fold it with another Mefluage, 
 called Arthur-Hall in the lame Parifli, 
 to Walter Stapledon, Bifliop of Exeter, 
 ivho having obtained a Royal Charter 
 for putting in twelve Scholars into it, 
 annexed it to his College. It was during 
 the Time the Bifhop's Scholars conti- 
 nued an it, called Stapledon-Hall ; but 
 when they were removed, it returned to 
 its old Name. Exeter College had the 
 Nomination of a Principal to it, for a 
 long Scries of Years, and the Chancel- 
 lor was .only lo give him Admiffion into 
 his Office, In this Hall many of the 
 
 Fellows of New College refided, while 
 their College was building. Here were 
 formerly twelve Students, to whom the 
 Univernty paid a yearly Penfion of 
 thirty Pounds, upon the Account of the 
 Abbot, and Monks of Glajlonbury, for the 
 Suftentation of fuch Youth, as had been 
 brought up at Glajtonbury School. Upon, 
 the Diflblution or the Abbies, the Re- 
 venues of Glajtonbury came to the Crown, 
 and the faid Sum was paid by the 
 Treafury, till William Marquefs of Win- 
 chefter purchafed it, who ftill continued 
 the Payment ; but his Succeflbrs neg- 
 lefting it, half of it was begged of 
 Queen Elizabeth, and given to Emanuel 
 College Cambridge, and the other Moiety 
 is now paid to this Hall. 
 
 The Buildings of this Hall were thus 
 erected ; the Hall, and Butteries by Phi- 
 lip Randal; the Principal's Lodgings by 
 Dr. Theodore Price ; and the Kitchin, and 
 Chambers over it, by Dr. IJles. But the 
 Library hath been lately ere&ed by the 
 Contributions of diverfe Benefa&ors. 
 
 The prefent Principal of this Hall is 
 Dr. Newton. 
 
 E'o MUND-HALX, fo called from 
 one Edmonds, a Citizen of Oxford, the 
 Owner of it, to whofe Pofterity it being 
 defcended, it was fold to Thomas de 
 Malmsbnry, Vicar of Coivley near Oxford, 
 who affigned it over to the Canons of 
 Qfney, upon Condition, that the Abbot, 
 and Monks fliould pay him one Mark, and 
 EltZ' Oakley, eight Shillings. The Abbey 
 repaired it, and letting it out to the 
 Scholars for Dwellings, as they did their 
 other Houies in Oxford, made a great 
 Advantage of it by the Rents. Upon 
 the Diflblution of the Abbies, this Hall 
 pafled with Ofney Abbey to King Henry 
 VIII. who foon after granted it to John 
 Bellow, and Robert Bygot, from whom, 
 coming to William Burnett, Gent, he fold 
 it to William Denyfe, Provoft of Queens 
 College here, -for forty Marks. This 
 Society having thus obtained it, con- 
 verted it again to the Ufe of the Scho- 
 lars, upon this Condition made with the 
 Chancellor, and Univerfity, that they 
 
 fliould
 
 OJfFO R 2) SHIR E. 
 
 fiiould for ever have the Nomination of 
 a Principal in their own Right, to be 
 admitted by the Chancellor, or his Com- 
 mifTary, as appears by the Agreement 
 ftill in Force. The Chancellor once op- 
 pofed the Nomination of the Principal, 
 out upon confulting the Lawyers and Ci- 
 vilians the College recovered their Right, 
 us they now enjoy it. 
 
 The Buildings of this Hall being very 
 ruinous thro* Age, have moft of them 
 been pulled down, and re-built by Con- 
 tributions under the Headfhins, and by 
 the Care and Expence of Dr. Ayry, Dr. 
 TuMy and Dr. Bousfeld, with fome Help 
 from Queen's College. 
 
 Dr. John Raivl'tnfon, formerly Principal 
 of this Hall, hath fettled an annual Sti- 
 pend of Six Pounds a Year, to be paid 
 out of certain Lands at Caflingt-on to a 
 Catechift, who is to explain the Cate- 
 chifm in the publick Hall yearly. He 
 fettled it Anno 1631. 
 
 Several Perfons of Note have had 
 their Education in this Hall, viz* Lance- 
 lot Bulkley, Bifhop of Dublin ; Francis 
 Gough, Bifhop of Limerick ; William Fuller, 
 Bifhop of Lincoln, and John Prlchet, Bi- 
 fhop of Glocefter ', as alfo David Jenkins, a 
 Bencher of Lincolns-Inn, and Judge of 
 South-Wales ; Dr. George Bate, Phyfician 
 to Oliver and King Charles II. &c. The 
 prefent Principal is Dr. Pierfon. 
 
 S. MARY-HALL was the Houfe of 
 an Oxford Citizen, named Henry Kelpis, 
 who conveyed it to one Peter, Re&or of 
 St. Mary's Church, for the Ufe of him 
 and his Succeflprs, Re&ors of the faid 
 Church. Thus it became the Parfonage- 
 Houfe, till King Edward II. gave the 
 Church to Oriel College, together with 
 the Houfe, and fo coming to the Scho- 
 lars, it was converted to the Ufe of Stu- 
 dents. The Government of it at firft 
 was managed by the Provoft, or fome of 
 the Fellows of Oriel ; but now it hath a 
 Principal of its own, and Scholars under 
 him. 
 
 The Buildings were thus ereSed, viz. 
 The Hall by Oriel College, Anno 1333, 
 or thereabouts ; but there are DOW little 
 
 remaining of the old Buildings, for the 
 reft were pulled down in 1647, in order 
 to be rebuilt, as much of it hath been ; 
 for Dr. Sanders the Principal, by the Af- 
 fiftance of divers Benefa&ors, ercfted the 
 modern publick Hall, with the Cellar 
 under it, and Chapel over it, with the 
 Buttery, and fbme Rooms on the Weft ; 
 but this Hall, fince the Colleges have 
 been fo much enlarged, as well as beauti- 
 fied, is very little inhabited by Stu- 
 dents. 
 
 While this Hall flouriihed, fevcra! 
 Men of Note for Learning andEminency 
 belonged to it, as Dr. Carpenter, Bifhop 
 of Worcester ', Cardinal Allen, Sir Thomas- 
 More, Chancellor of England ; Sir Tframas 
 Elliot, who was fent AmbafHidor by King 
 Henry VIII. to the Emperor Charles V. 
 Archblfhop Sandyes, Gabriel Powel, Rob. 
 Hues, &c. The prefent Principal is Dr. 
 Hudfon. 
 
 N E w - 1 W N H A L L, or Trif/eck-lKtt, 
 was the Houfe of the fennards, Ci- 
 tizens of Oxford, from whofe Heir it v.'as 
 conveyed to John TriHeck, Bifhop of He* 
 reford, who dedicated it to the Mufes, and 
 named it Trilleck's Inn. Bifhop Trifleck 
 dying inteftatc, his Brother Thomas be- 
 came his Heir, and about fix Years after 
 fold it to Hugh Penbrlgge, and others, 
 who affigned it with another Tenement,, 
 after Pexbrigge's Death, to William of Wick- 
 ham, Bifhop of Wlnchejler. This Bifhop 
 having obtained a Royal Charter for that 
 End, gave them both, then called Tri1~ 
 leek's Inns, with a MefTuage called Rofes- 
 Hall, to the Warden and Fellows of 
 New College, Anno 1391. Being in the 
 Colleges Hands, thefe Hotifes were by 
 the Convocation of Regents and Nen- 
 Regcnts, Anno 1455, affigned for an Ha- 
 bitation of Bernerdine or White Monks, 
 or any other Religious Order ; but this 
 held for a Time only ; for afterwards 
 they were filled with Civilians, and 'i 
 continued, till the Reign of King 'Ed-'j^urA 
 VI, in which Time they prodiiced ^-ma- 
 ny learned Profeflbrsiri that Study ^Cutoff - 
 of them Welshmen} who -were an Orria-^ 
 ment to the Uuivertity by their Ltft-' 
 A a a tu; e
 
 37 
 
 O X F R T> S H I R 
 
 when they fued for 
 
 E. 
 
 tures read the 
 their Degrees. 
 
 The Buildings of this Hall being fain 
 into fo great a Decay, that they were 
 ready to fall about the End of King Hen- 
 ry Vlth or King Edward IVth's Reign, 
 New College pulled them all down, and 
 built them uniformly ; and from thence 
 this Inn, which was before called Trilleck- 
 Imi, changed its Name to New-Inn Hall, 
 which John Rom the Warwick Antiquary, 
 who lived at the fame Time, fays, was 
 built for Lawyers. The Chapel here 
 Was once much admired for its Neatnefs, 
 but is now not found. The Scholars all 
 had but one common Dormitory, or 
 Bed-chamber, except the Principal, who 
 is at prefent Dr, Brabant. 
 
 MAGDALEN-HALL, was Wit by 
 William Wainfleet, Bifliop of Wincbefter, 
 after he had finifhed Magdalen College, 
 only for the Ule and End of a Gram- 
 mar School, with Chambers over it, and 
 a Kitchin adjoining for an Habitation 
 for the Matter and Uflier, who were to 
 teach the Youth of the College and 
 neighbourhood gratis. After the Foun- 
 der's Death, the College being over- 
 filled, put fome Scolars into the Cham- 
 bers, firft intended for the School-mafters, 
 feeing large enough for both ; and then 
 afterwards added new Rooms and Lodg- 
 ing* for the Reception of more Scholars, 
 and then it began to be called Grammar- 
 Hall, and at length being pur under the 
 
 luable Coins, which he procured of thofe 
 Gentlemen that had had their Education 
 in it. Dr. James Hyde, who was alfo 
 Principal of this Hall, enlarged the Li- 
 brary by the Addition of three Clafles, 
 (and built two Chambers under them) 
 upon the Account of great Numbers of 
 Books given to his Hall by Dr. Li/le, Mr. 
 Ridge, and Dr. Hardy, with many o- 
 thers. 
 
 Dr. John White, formerly a Student in 
 this Hall, bequeathed five Exhibitions of 
 8 7. per Annum each, for the Ufe of five 
 Students in Divinity here.and four Pounds 
 a Year to the Principal, to be paid out 
 of the Eftate, with which he had before 
 endowed the Moral Philofopy Lefturc. 
 And Mr. John JAeek gave an ioo/. a 
 Year to be equally divided yearly be- 
 tween ten Students in it. Many famous 
 Men have been Students of this Hall, as 
 Dr. Henfiatu, Bifhop of Peterburgb ; Dr. 
 Wilk'tns, Bifhop of defter ; Mr. Tindale, 
 Dr. Feld, Mr. Daniel, Mr. Pembie, Dr. 
 Hoyje, Dr. Harris, Dr. Hardy, and many 
 others. , 
 
 The prefent Principal of this Hall is 
 Mr. Cotes. 
 
 or St. John 
 
 Baptijl's Hall, the firft of which Names 
 it bore upon the Account of the Bene~ 
 dittine Monks of Glacefter, whofe Novices 
 were educated here in Univerfity Learn- 
 ing. On the Suppreffion of the Abbiesit 
 fell into King Henry Vlllth's Hands, who- 
 
 Government of one of the Fellows of granted it to Robert King, Bifhop of Ox- 
 tJOtagdalett College, it took the Name of ford, for a Palace for himfclf and hi* 
 v.hich Name it ftill SucccfTors ; and accordingly he held it, 
 till that King transferred the See from 
 Ofney to Chri ft -Church, when it again re- 
 turned to the King, as is fuppofed. Some 
 Years after this it came into the Hands 
 of one Mr. Doddingfon, by a Royal Grant 
 from Queen Elizabeth, paying 55 j. Rent 
 for it. Mr. Doddington foon after fold it 
 to Sir Thomas White, Founder of St. John 
 
 Magdalen-Hall, 
 bears. 
 
 The Buildings of this Hall were ere&- 
 d and increafed as is above-mentioned, 
 and fo continued to Dr. John Wilklnfons 
 Time, who being Principal, built about 
 1618, Chambers over the Gate, Hall and 
 Butteries, with thofe on the North-fide 
 of the firft Court, upon which he is faid 
 to bavc expended at leaft three Thoufand 
 Pounds. His Nephew and Succeflor, Dr. 
 Henry WiOeinfofi, added the Library and 
 Chambers under it, giving at the fame 
 
 Baptift's College, who conveyed it to the 
 President and Scholars of it, and ordered 
 it to be made an Houfe for Students, 
 decreeing, tha& fome Fellow of his Col- 
 
 Tiiae to the former, raany Books and va- lege ihould always be the Principal of 
 
 -* it,
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 it, and be eleSed to it by the reft of the 
 Fellows. Sir Thomas repaired it, and 
 fome Allowances to the Scholars 
 
 37t 
 
 gave 
 
 (which were almoft an Hundred) 
 
 their Support in his Life-time. 
 
 for 
 
 (that is, IOSMS Silvefirls') This Place feems 
 to have been a Royal Seat ever fince the 
 Days of King Alfred ; it appearing from 
 a Alanufcript in the Cottcn Library, that 
 that Prince tranflated Boethius d canfola- 
 
 The Buildings which Sir Tlo. White re- tlone Phihfophi* there. In the Time of 
 
 King Ethelred, it was become fo confide- 
 rable, that that King called a Parliament 
 there, by which clivers Laws were en- 
 afted about Sureties, criminal Servants, 
 Buying and Exchanging without Vouch- 
 ers, and Perfons generally reputed fairh- 
 
 paired, being grown ruinous by Age; Sir 
 George Peckbam, Knt. formerly a Student 
 here, gave ioof. to reftore them in 
 1575, and Mr. William Gent added as 
 much for compleating them. AH this 
 while the Students wanted a Chapel for 
 
 divine Service ; but Dr. Hawley ^having lefs, which are particularly and at length 
 procured Contributions, began one over related *in Mr. Lambarfs Colleftion of 
 the Hall, but left it to Deg. Whear, his 
 Succeflbr to finifli, which he not only did, 
 but added a fmall Library at the Weft 
 End of it, at the Expence of Contribu- 
 tors 
 
 Among the Men of Note, who were 
 Students in this Hall, thefe are the Chief, 
 wt- William Bijhop, the Popifli Bifliop of 
 Chalcedon ; Mr. Tbo. Allen, famous for 
 
 Ancient Saxon Laws. After the Conqueft, 
 King Henry I. feems to have taken fo 
 great Delight in the Palace here, (Mr. 
 Cambden fays, he built it, thro* Miftake) 
 that he not only made fome Additions to 
 the Buildings, but he inclofed the Park 
 with a Stone-Wall. John Rous the Hi- 
 dorian, tells us, that this was the firft 
 Park that was made in England, which 
 
 his great Learning and choice Library of Sir William Dugdalg (in his Baronage) 
 
 MSS. Mr. William Burton, much in Arch- 
 
 bifliop UJher's Favour ; Sir Kenelm Digby, 
 
 a famous Philofophick Writer ; Dr. Mer- 
 
 ret, a famous London Phyfician, and o- 
 
 thers. 
 
 The prelent Principal of this Hall is 
 Richard Blechinden, Dr. of Laws. 
 
 N B. The Abundance of Matter fup- 
 plied to us by Dr. Plot, Mr. Wood and 
 Dr. Ayliffe, about this Univerfity, has 
 fwelled our Defcription of it beyond our 
 Defign; which we hope the Reader will 
 pardon, there being nothing in it, as we 
 believe, impertinent. 
 
 W o T T o N Hundred. 
 
 Having thus given the Hiftory of this 
 City of Oxford, and the Univerfity efta- 
 blimed in it, we fliall proceed to the 
 Market-Towns and Villages of this Hun- 
 dred of Wotton, and fct down what we 
 find moft obfervable in them, beginning 
 With 
 
 feems to believe, both contrary to the 
 Faith of Domefday-Book, in which we 
 often meet with Parca Silvejlris Bepiarum ; 
 i. e. a Woody Park of Beafts. But after 
 the King had given an Example, Parks 
 were exceedingly multiplied by the Pre- 
 lates and Nobles, infomuch that in the 
 following Ages, there were more of them 
 in England, than in all the ChriiKan 
 World befides. They were generally 
 ftocked with Fallow Deer, but the King 
 was not fo defirous of them, becaufe he 
 had Plenty of them in his Forells, and 
 therefore furnifhed this with foreign 
 Wild-Beafts, as Lions, Leopards, Ca- 
 mels and Linxes, which he procured of 
 other Princes. Among them, William of 
 Malnnlury tells us, that he kept a Porcu- 
 pine, which being covered all over with 
 lharp-pointed Quils, fliot them out na- 
 turally at the Dogs that hunted hirnj 
 
 King Henryll. had his Residence chief- 
 ly in this Palace, as feems evident from 
 his many publick Tranfa&ions there ; for 
 Anno 1163, Rice, Prince of Wales, came 
 hither with divers of his Lords and Nq- 
 blcs, and did Homage to the King and 
 
 WOODSTOCK, Wudttjlofo or Wude 
 
 and called by the Saxws, Vu&erroC his Son Henry there. r Alfo in ' 
 
 A a *
 
 37* 
 
 XFO R T> SH IR E. 
 
 1 1 70, being lately returned out of Nor- for her in the Quire of the Church, and 
 
 luaruly, he knighted his Sonjeffery here; 
 and in the Year 1 186, he gave his Coufin 
 the Lady Ermengard, Daughter of Ri~ 
 chard Vifcount Beaumont, in Marriage to 
 William King of Scotland, caufmg the 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury to join them in 
 Matrimony in this Chapel ofWoodftock', 
 and celebrating their Nuptials four Days 
 together, with great Cheer and Magni- 
 ficence. With her he gave the Scotch 
 King the Caftle of Edinburgh, who imme- 
 diately fettled it on Ermengard, his Queen, 
 as a Part of her Dower , augmenting it 
 with an hundred Pounds Lands by the 
 Year, and forty Knights Fees. But that 
 which has made this Place famous among 
 our Hiftorians, is Rofamond's Bower, built 
 by this King (tho* at this Time there 
 are not the leaft Footfteps of it) upon 
 this Occafion. This King too much ad- 
 di&ed to other Women than his Queen, 
 had many Concubines, but was chiefly 
 enamour' d with the pleafant and 
 incomparable Beauty of the Daughter of 
 Walter Lord Clifford, who was commonly 
 called Rofamund, /'. e. the Rofe of the 
 World, for her amiable Qualities -.Eleanor, 
 his Queen, being a Woman of an angry 
 and reftlete Spirit, could not bear any 
 Rivals in her Bed ; and tho' fhe was in- 
 eenfed againft all the King's Concubines, 
 yet chiefly bent her Revenge againftfair 
 Rcfamund. This the King was fenfible of, 
 and not knowing well how to fecure her 
 from the Queen's Attempts, built her 
 an Houfe in his Park here, and encom- 
 pafled it with a Labyrinth, viz,' a Work 
 with fo many intricate Turnings and 
 Windings, that no Creature fliould find 
 a Way to get to her, but the King Jiim- 
 II- if, or fuch as were inftru&ed by him. 
 But all this could not proteQ: her from: 
 >!ie Queen's Jealoufy, who- by a little 
 Cluo of Silk, cither fticking to the King's 
 Foot", (as Mr. ILIinficad tells us) or fain 
 from Rcfamund's Lap (as Mr. Speed faya) 
 found a Way to- get to her, and dealt 
 with her fo fharply and cruelly,, that 
 lived not long after. She was 
 at the Nunnery of Godftow near 
 King Jbn ere&ed a fair Herfe 
 
 gave a certain Stipend to the Houfe, that 
 the Nuns might pray for the Souls of his 
 Father King Henry and Lady Rofamund; 
 but S. Hugh, Bifhop of Lincoln, did not 
 fuffer it to remain long, for in his next 
 Vifitation, he not only demolifhed her 
 Tomb, but caufed her Bones to be caft 
 out of Chriftian Burial. 
 
 At the King's Palace here were born 
 Edmund, the fecond Son of King Edwardl. 
 by Queen Margaret his Wife, 5 Aug. 
 1330, furnamed from it, Edmund of 
 WooAftock. He was created Earl of Kent 
 by his Half- Brother, King Edward II. 
 and being much againft the Treatment 
 of that Prince by the Queen Mother 
 and Mortlmetj who had depofed and im- 
 prifoned him, was induced by the Com- 
 mand of the Pope, and Inftigarion of 
 divers of the Nobility (who were perfwa- 
 ded by one Thomas Dunhead, a Friar- 
 Preacher, that he was alive) to endea- 
 vour by all Ways and Means poffible to 
 deliver King Edward out of Prifon, and 
 reftore him to his Crowa. For this Con- 
 fpiracy he was arrefted on St. Gregory's 
 Day, 12, Mar. 1329, and being arraign- 
 ed upon certain Confeflions and Letters 
 found about him, he was found guilty of 
 Treafon, and a few Days after beheaded 
 at Winchefter, the Parliament then fitting 
 there. 2. Edward the.eldeft Son of King 
 Edward III. afterwards known in the 
 World by the Name of the Black Prince,. 
 not from his Complexion or Conditions, 
 but from his vi&orious Achievements, 
 which were black and difmal to all his 
 Enemies, was alfo born here* He was 
 educated under his Father in Martial 
 Difcipline,in which he was fo great a Pro- 
 ficient, that like a fecond Mart y he wa* 
 a Terror t& Europe. He married Joan* 
 Countefs of Salisbury and Kent, from, 
 whofe Garter the noble Order of Knight- 
 hood, fo called, was firft inftituted. His? 
 Merit, as well as Birth, entitled him 
 to the Crown r but he never liv-ed to 
 wear it, dying before his Father, Anno 
 'JEtat. 46. and leaving his Son Richard ta 
 take his Place, but he not being the 
 Heir of his Qualifications for it, was de- 
 prived
 
 OXFO RT) SHIRE. 
 
 privedby the Lancaftrians , who would 
 not have dared to have reached at the 
 Crown, had his Father worn it. 3. Tho- 
 mas, the youngeft Son of King Edward 
 III. by Pbilippa his Wife, furnamed alfo 
 from this Place, Thomas of Woodjlock. 
 The Bifhop of Durham, Thomas Hatfeld, 
 was his Godfather, and was permitted 
 probably to give him his Chriltian Name. 
 He was created by his Nephew, King 
 Richard II. on his Coronation -Day, firft, 
 Earl of Buckingham, and then Duke of 
 Glocefter', and afterwards marrying Elea- 
 nor, the fole Daughter and Heir of 
 Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of E/ex and 
 
 37} 
 
 only commanded them to ceafe the Bells, 
 but put the Ringers in the Stocks, which 
 raifed fuch Thoughts into her Mind, that 
 flie faid to her Servants and Friends, As 
 a Sheep to the Slaughter, fo am I led* 
 Being brought to this Palace, flie was 
 kept under a Guard of Soldiers Day and 
 Night; and tho' flie had the Privilege 
 granted her of walking in the Garden, 
 yet flic was under continual Fears of 
 Death, the Keeper of the Houfe being a 
 notorious Ruffain, and Bifhop Gardiner 
 feeking all Means to deftroy her ; but 
 the Lord Tame, who was in Commifllon. 
 with Bennlfield, kept them all from their 
 
 Hereford', he became not only Earl of Defigns; however, it had like to have 
 E/ex in her Right, but Conftabie of been effe&ed by an Accident, (as it ap- 
 
 England: He was a Perfon of Valour and ' '** * - - -*-_- a. -j ~_ i 
 
 Wifdom, both which he was vigilant to 
 employ for the Honour and Safety of the 
 King ; but being attended with too much 
 Obftinacy and Imperioufneis, fo much 
 diftrefled the King, that he contrived 
 with Thomas Mowbray, Duke of Norfolk, 
 
 and fome others, how to take him off, 
 
 peared, (tho' it was fufpe&ed to be pur- 
 pofely intended) which was this : On a 
 fudden, while the Princefs was in her 
 Lodgings, there was difcover'd a Fire to 
 be kindled between the Cieling of. th& 
 Room below and the Boards of her Cham- 
 ber, which, had it burft out into a Flamo, 
 muft have confumed her ; but there hap- 
 
 which they loon after did, by training of pening a Gentleman of Oxfordshire to be 
 him from his own Houfe at Plushy in Ef- with Sir Henry Bennifeld at that Time, he 
 
 joined with him, and . pulling 
 
 fe, and carrying him over to CaHis, 
 where he was ftrangled. Anno 1597, he 
 had provided himfelf a Burial-place at 
 
 with him, and. pulling up. the 
 Boards, quenched the Fire, which E- 
 fcape had fuch an Effet upon the- Prin- 
 
 Plufiy, where he had founded a College, cefs, that a little after, fitting at her Pri- 
 and was carried thither to be buried, but ''--'- r -'- J J -*--- - ~ 
 his Body was afterwards carried to Weft* 
 wlnfier, and there interred with Eleanor 
 his Wife. 
 
 In this Palace the Princefs Elizabeth, 
 afterwards Queen, was kept a Prifoner 
 fome Time, and that in none of the belt 
 Lodgings, by the Order of her Sifter 
 Queen Mary ; fne had been confined 
 in the Tower of London fome Months be- 
 fore, and was renx>ved to this Palace, 
 under the Conduft of Sir Henry Renni- 
 feld. The Princefs her felf fuppofed fhe 
 was led to the Slaughter; and therefore 
 t'efired her Servants to pray for her at 
 Night as her laft; but the People be- 
 lieving her to be releafed, and only 
 brought to this Palace as a remote Refi- 
 dcnce, rung the Bells as fhe pafled along, 
 but Sir Henry was fo much difpleafed 
 
 wdnhfr Peoples Rejoyoing, ffaat he HOC 
 
 fon's Window, and muting upon her Dan- 
 gers, flic obferved a Maid in Woodftock 
 Park milking a Cow, and merrily finging 
 over her Par!, which brought this Thought 
 into her Mind, That Liberty and Fear- 
 lefsnefs were more valuable than all the 
 Greatnefs in the World ; and wiflied that,; 
 fhe were rather that Milk-maid than a - 
 Princefs; into fuch^Diftrels was flic then : 
 brought. 
 
 This Manor and Park of Wodjtock be^- 
 ing the Inheritance of our Kings, revert- 
 ed with the Crown to King Cb&'fa II. 
 and was continued to his Succeflor^ till? 
 the fourth- Year of Queen A n N.E, when- 
 Hcr Majefty, by the Concurrence of Par- 
 liament, granted all the Intereft of the 
 Crovm in the Honour and Manor of 
 Wtodftock and Hundred ofWotton, to fob* 
 Duke of Marlbtrough, and his Heirs> as a 
 Reward of his eminent and unparallcd. 
 
 Services,
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 by his Courage and and Sept. ao, and Dec* <?. yearly. It is * 
 ories over the French Corporation, and fends Burgeues to Par- 
 
 274 
 
 Services, ingainin 
 
 Condu& divers Vit . _ 
 
 and Bavarian Army at Sehettenberge, and liament ; but it is but of late Years that 
 
 other Places ; but more efpecially at it hath had thefe Privileges ; for tho' in- 
 
 Blenheim, by which the Frontiers of Hoi- deed we find that it fent BurgefTes to 
 
 {and were fecured and enlarged, and the 
 
 Empire refcued from immediate Ruin. 
 
 Nor was his Grace thus rewarded at 
 
 home only, but the Emperor made him 
 
 A Prince of the Empire, by granting him 
 
 the Lordmip of Mendleheim, from whence 
 
 he was ftiled throughout the Empire, 
 
 Parliament twice, viz. once in the joth 
 Year of Edward I. and another Tim 
 33d of Edward III. it fent none for fome 
 Centuries. From June to Holy-rood Day, 
 Venifon is here to be had in the greateit 
 Perfe&ion, and cheap ; the Park here 
 
 o c being fo well (locked, that there are ne- 
 
 The Prince of Mendleheim. The Duke verlefsthan 5000 Head of Deer thought 
 being thus fettled in the Pofleffion of this to be in it all Times. Mr. Richard Crom- 
 
 <ivell. Citizen and Skinner of London^ 
 founded a School here, 27 Eliz. Ann9 
 Domini 1 58 5, of which Francis Gregory^ a 
 Native of this Town, who had been an 
 Ufher at Weftminfter School, under Mr, 
 Richard Busby, became Matter, and did 
 much Good by his fedulous Inftru&ion. 
 
 In the Park here, Dr. Plot tells us, is 
 
 It is adorned with fpacious and beautiful one of the beft and ftrongcft Polyfyllabi- 
 Gardens, and all other Accommodations cal Ecchoes which he ever met with. In 
 and Ornaments fuitable to the Stateli- the Time when little Wind is ftirring, it 
 nefs of the Fabrick. It is to belong to returns very diftin&ly feven teen Syllables, 
 one of the Duke's Defcendants for ever, and in the Night twenty, as he jfound by 
 who, whether Male or Female, are to Experiment. The Objeft of this Eccho, 
 
 Palace (once the Delight of our Kings, 
 but almoft quite demolimed by the late 
 Civil Wars, in the Reign of King Charles 
 I.) and Park, began to rebuild it, and 
 make it more magnificent, changing the 
 Name to Blenheim Houfe or Caftle, that it 
 might for ever remain a Alonument of 
 his glorious A&ions there and elfewhere. 
 
 have the Title and Arms of Marlborough, 
 and by way of Homage, prefent a Stan- 
 dard to the Sovereign every Year, on the 
 Day that the Battle at Blenheim was 
 fought, and Vi&ory obtained. 
 
 The Town of Wotdjtock joineth to the 
 Park, and is not above half a Mile dt- 
 ftant from the Palace. It is a little neat 
 Country Corporation, and hath fome ve- 
 ry good Inns in it. The Streets are well 
 
 he fays, is the Hill with the Trees on 
 the Top of it, about half a Mile diftant 
 from the Town, in the Way to the Earl 
 of Roche fier's Lodge ; and the true Place 
 of the Speaker on the oppofite Hill, juft 
 without the Gate at the Town's End, 
 near Chaucer's Houle. 
 
 This Town giveth the Title of Vifcounc 
 to Henry Bentinck, Duke and Earl of Port- 
 land, and is not a little proud, that it is 
 
 . i t- . ** . ^ 
 
 paved, and it hath the Privilege of fend- the Birth-place of our famous Englifh 
 ing two Members to Parliament. For Homer, Jeffrey Chaucer. Other Places in- 
 many Years this Town was enriched by deed claim that Honour, as they .did 
 the Refort of our Kings and Queens to Homer's, viz. Newbury in BtrkJJ}irt t ** 
 it ; but Queen Elizabeth never loving her 
 Goal, which prevented the going of the 
 Court thither, the Town fell into great 
 Decay ; whereupon that Queen, that ihe 
 might reftore it to a profperous State, 
 caufed a Statute to pafs in Parliament, 
 Anno 18 Reg- to make it a Staple of Wool ; 
 
 but how this Trade has fucceeded, we 
 find not. The Market here is on Tuefday 
 weekly, and Fairs on March 25, 
 
 ninetov Caftle there being his Inheritance, 
 and London, in which he fays he was 
 forth grown, which may rather imply his 
 Education than Birth ; but Woodjhek ha$ 
 the greateft Probability on her Side ; Le- 
 land, Pitts, and Cambden, our greateft 
 Antiquaries positively aflcrring it ; and 
 Pitts tells us bis Father was a Knight ; 
 and fince Authority much ftrengtheni 
 Learning, we may be throughly fatisfied, 
 
 that
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 that here lie was bom, and dwelt, be- 
 Cftufe Queen Elizabeth pafled a fair 
 Stone-houfe in this Town, ftanding near 
 her Palace, unto the Tenant, by the 
 Name of Chaucer's Houfe, as 'tis called to 
 this Day. Dr. Pht, to prove the Healthi- 
 nefs of the Air and Water of this Place, 
 fays, that one Bryan Stephans, an Inha- 
 bitant of this Town, lived till he was an 
 hundred and three Years old ; and one 
 George Green was above an hundred when 
 he died. Dr. John Cafe, a Perfon in 
 much Efteem for his Learning beyond 
 Sea, tho' not fo much at home, was born 
 in this Town. He was Scholar and Fel- 
 low of St. Johns College, Oxford, and was 
 looked upon in his Time the beft Difpu- 
 tant and Philofophcr that ever that 
 College had bred. Being popifhly af- 
 fefted, he left his Fellowfhip and mar- 
 ried ; yet being a meek Perfon, and 
 leading a ftudious Life, was beloved, 
 and had in high Veneration of the 
 Scholars, and obtained a Licence of the 
 Univerfity to readLe&ures in Logick and 
 Philofopy to young Men in his private 
 Houfe. Many eminent Men were pro- 
 duced by his Inftru&ion, and he wrote 
 
 37? 
 
 the i ath of K. John to the I5th; but ta- 
 king Arms againft that King, Reg. 1 7. 
 in Conjunction with the Rebellious Ba- 
 rons, this Manor, with divers other 
 Eftates of his, were feiied by the King, 
 and given to Thomas Bajfet, whole 
 Daughter Alice he had married, having 
 with her this Lordfhip in Frank-Mar- 
 riage. In the Reign of King Edward II. 
 Guy, Earl of Warwick, taking Part with 
 Thomas Earl of Lancafter, and other No- 
 bles, who were difcontented at Piers 
 Gavejlon's Abufe of the King's Favours, 
 they all put themfelves in Arms, and 
 took him at Scarborough. The King ha- 
 ving Notice of it, defired to fpeak witb 
 him, and promifed, that in all Things 
 he'd fatisfy their Requefts concerning 
 him, which the Earl of Pembroke engaged 
 that the King fhould do ; and thereupon 
 Piers was delivered to him to carry to 
 the King, then at Wallingford-; but as the 
 Earl was on the Way, and came to this 
 Place, the Earl of Warwick came with 
 armed Men, and taking him from the 
 Earl's Servants who kept him, carried- 
 him to Warwick Cattle, and beheaded 
 him on Blacklow-Hill, a little diftant 
 
 many Books for their Improvement, of from Warwick, according as he had been, 
 
 which his Sphtra Civitatis, Speculum Mo- 
 raiium, &c. were in great Price. He 
 was a Dotor of Phyfick, and did much 
 good in that Profemort. He died 25 Jan. 
 1 599, and was buried in St. John's Col- 
 lege Chapel. He got a large Eftate,. 
 which he beftowed on pious Ufes. 
 
 forewarn'd, That he fhauld feel the 
 Sharpnefs of the Teeth of the Black Dog 
 of Arden (the Name that he had in Scorn 
 given the Earl of Warwick, when he- 
 was flickered by the King's Favour.) 
 
 The Manor of this Place was after 
 this in the Poffeffions of Hugh de le- 
 
 Eedington, or Daddington, is another Spenfer, Earl of Winchejler ; but he being 
 Market-Town in this Hundred ; the attainted in the Reign of King Edward* 
 
 Market is on Saturday, and Fairs on 
 Whitmunday, St. Lawrence's Day, Aug. 10. 
 and St. Martin's Day, Novemb. n. It 
 was anciently a Town corporate, 
 fent Burgeffes to Parliament, one 
 (ion in the 3oth Year of King Edward Id's 
 Reign, and two more in the $zd and 
 g}d of King Edward Illd's Reign, but 
 never fince, that we find. It is now 
 governed by a Bailiff. This Manor was 
 in the Reign of King John, Reg. 5. the 
 Eftate and Demefne of William Maht, 
 a great Man in his Time, who was She- 
 ritf of Swicrfetfnirc and Eewnjbire, from 
 
 III, this and divcrs~others Manors, 
 the Value of four Thoufand Marks, were 
 given to Thomas dx Brotherton, fifth Son 
 and of King Edward I. then Earl Marfhal of 
 Sef- England. The Manor of this Place was r 
 in later Times, purchafed by King-Henry 
 VIII. of Sir Thomas Pope, (how it de- 
 fcended to him, we find not) and fet- 
 tled upon his new ere&ed College, 
 drift-Church in Oxford, to which we fup- 
 pofe ir belongs at this Time ; but before 
 the faid Sale, Sir Thomas (as the Record - 
 fhews) had founded a School herCj 
 Which he called Jefaj-Sclool, 
 
 ' T\ 
 
 Pr
 
 yi6 
 
 Dr, Plot (Nat. Hift. of Oxf p. 3<Jz.) 
 fpeakingof the Saxon and Danijlj Fortifi- 
 cations in this County, tells us, at this 
 Town was anciently a Caftle, tho' now 
 
 there are few Marks of it, to which he EJJ'ex and Cokhejler, he was a Captain of 
 makes no Queftion, but that Aymer de a Foot Company ; but this laft being un- 
 Valence, Earl of Pembroke, (as is juft be- fortunate, his Soldier Life came to an 
 fore mentioned) brought Piers de Gave- End, and he was forced to take another 
 fan, the great Favourite of King Edward Courfe of fubfifting. At this Time h 
 
 fity, but he ftayed and bore Arms fof 
 his Majefty ; but was allowed fo much 
 Time as to take his Degree of Matter of 
 Arts, 1 643. In the Expeditions of 
 
 II. and there left him to the Fury of the 
 Earls of Lancafter, Warwick and Here- 
 ford, who carried him to Warwick and 
 beheaded him. (N* B. Sir William "Dttg- 
 dale's Account above is more favourable 
 to the Earl of fembroke y and more pro- 
 bable.) 
 
 entred himfelf into Grey's Inn, and ha- 
 ving ftudied the Common Law diligent- 
 ly, and been called to the Bar, he was 
 made a Serjeant, Knight, and foon af- 
 ter Lord Chief Jyftice of the King's 
 Bench. In this Interval came on the 
 Popifli Plot, and the Confpirators being 
 
 The fame Do&or reckoning up fome tried before him, he got great Reputa- 
 
 .fs f\ f\ ' \t t * . 1 t 1 * _ * /* \ f 4 . 
 
 ancient Cuftoms ftill retained in this 
 County, but abolifhed, or quite loft in 
 others, inftances in one ufed in this 
 Place, called, The Running at the Qttinten^ 
 Quintain, or Quintel, from the Latin, 
 Quintui, becaufe it' was ufed every fifth 
 Ye.r at the Olympick Games, or was the 
 laft of thofe Sports excrcifed on the fifth 
 and laftDay, The Manner of it is thus: 
 They fet up a Poft perpendicular, and 
 place a flender Piece of Timber on the 
 
 tion by his wile Management ; but his 
 Zeal flackening when he faw the Court- 
 Defigns, he was di (placed, and Sir Fran- 
 cis femberton ppt in his RooHvr Some 
 Articles were drawn up again ft him, 
 and read in the Houfe of Commons, 
 but dropt upon his Removal, and he re- 
 tired to his Seat at Weald-Hall, near 
 Burnt-Wood in EJfex, where he lived in 
 Retirement till he died, 25 Ofob. 1683. 
 He was much abufcd in Pamphlets for 
 
 Top of it on a Spindle, having a Board his Partiality in and about the Popifh 
 at the one End, and a Bag of Sand Plot, and particularly in difcharging 
 hanging at the other ; againft the Board W* fama* onA omnno. ^\^^. rr>i.:_ 
 they ride with ftrong Staves, which vio- 
 lently bringing about the Bag, it ftrikes 
 
 and, among other Things" 
 faid to be a Butcher's Son ; but all thefe 
 Things muft be looked upon as the Ef- 
 
 them on the Back or Neck, and fome- fefts of popular Rage, fince Evidence 
 
 times beats them from their Horfe, un- 
 lefs they get nimbly away. He that 
 breaks the Board is for that Time ac- 
 
 is wanting. 
 
 Near this Town, in the Grounds of 
 one Mr. "Lane, is a Well of medicinal 
 
 counted a brave Man. A Reward was Waters, of a ftrong fulphureous Smell, 
 anciently given to him, as at London a like Water which has been ufed in 
 Peacock, ?c. but now this Sport is chief- fcouring of a Gun, and highly impreg- 
 
 ly ufed at Marriages, for the young nated with a vitrioline SaltV In the'Dig- 
 Mcn to ride at, when they carry home ging of it, there was found the Stone 
 
 the 
 
 the Bride. In this Town was born 
 Lord Chief Juftice Sir William Scroggs, 
 the Son of William Scroggs, an Inhaoi- 
 
 ging or it, there was found the Stone 
 called Pyrites Argenteus, and a Bed of 
 Belemnites, commonly called Thunder- 
 bolts ; and out of it hath been fince ta- 
 
 tant here. He was a Commoner of ken the Silver Marchajlte, of a glorious 
 
 Oriel College, a Mafter of a good Latin gliftering Colour, but not yet discovered 
 
 Scile, and a good Difputant. His Fa- to be of any kindofUfe. Here are al- 
 
 ther dcfigned him for a Divine, and pro- fo 
 
 cured the Rcvcrfion of a good Purfo- 
 nage for him ; but the Wars coming on, 
 the Scholars generally left the Univcr- give much different 
 
 certain Waters, which have been 
 fometimes heavier, and fbmetimes 
 lighter than common Water, and 
 Sediments ac 
 divers
 
 E. 
 
 377 
 
 divers Trials with the fame Mare- 
 rials. 
 
 The Villages of this Hundred, which 
 have any Thing obfervable in them, are 
 Afton, anciently the Manor and Eltate 
 of John Lord Moling who was highly in 
 Favour with King ErfavnW III. who made 
 him the Treafurer of his Chamber, and 
 granted him many other advantageous 
 Privileges ; but being angry with him, 
 becaufe he did not lend the King fuch 
 Monies as he expe&ed, when he lay be- 
 fore Tcurnay, he was imprifoned with 
 fome of the Judges, and this Manor, 
 with his other Estates, fei^ed into the 
 King s Hands ; but the King's Anger be- 
 ing at length appeafed, they were refto- 
 red to him, and left to his Son and Heir 
 William Lord Molim, in v.hofe Defcen- 
 dants it continued, till I flue Male fail- 
 in<7 in his Grandfon William Lord Mo- 
 tins, who left one Daughter and Heir, 
 then but three Years old, named Ele- 
 anoraS She afterwards became the Wife 
 of Robert Hungevford, Efq; 19 Hen, 6. 
 and carried this Manor, and divers o- 
 ther Eltafes into his Family, This 
 Place, in Memory of the Moling Lords 
 of it, was, upon this Marriage, called 
 Ajion-Molirs in following Times. 
 
 In this Village (lays" Dr. Plot} in a 
 Field North-well of the Church, is a pe- 
 trifying Spring, whofe Waters begin 
 their Work, by calling a ftony Slime 
 upon the Rufhes, Gr.tii, Mofs, Sticks, 
 &-c. which yet in a while are fb alto- 
 gether eaten away, that nothing of them 
 remains after the Petiification com- 
 pleated, but the figures of the Plants 
 or Sticks, with fome Augmentation in 
 the Bignefs of them. 
 
 Barton, the Lordfhip and Demefne cf 
 Jol-r. Lord St. John, and after him of his 
 Porter ity and Heirs, to 27 Ediv. 3. Emme 
 de St. John, Grandmother of the above- 
 mention 'd John, had for her Mainte- 
 nance la Grave, Part of this Manor of 
 Barton, and the Church was by his An- 
 ceftors given, with the Chapels of Sand- 
 ford ..Jid Ledwell, to the Canons of Ofney, 
 rear Oxford,, which the above faid Jolon 
 confirmed to them. 
 
 Par- 
 
 found 
 
 Begbrooke and Bladen, two adjoining Pa- 
 rimes, are memorable only for an old 
 Fortification, commonly called Rcu^d- 
 CtJHe, which is fituate indeed near Btg- 
 Irooke Church on the Weft, but is in the 
 Parifh of Bladen ; and Lineham-Barrow, 
 between which and Pudlhot, a Seat of the 
 ancient Family of Lades, there is a Paf- 
 fage under Ground down to the River. 
 On what particular Occafion they were 
 made, we have noHiftory to inform us; 
 but in general we think it probable that 
 they were made by the Danes, becaufe 
 they are both in Figure round. The 
 Annals of Margan tell us, that there 
 was a Hght in this Place, Anno 1069^ 
 but mention not between what 
 ties. 
 
 In the Quarries here is 
 gritty Sort of Amber, fomething finer 
 than that at Witney. It is obferveJ grow- 
 ing Ibmetimes in the Seams of the Ro.'ks, 
 and forretimesin the Body of the Stone; 
 but notwithftanding the gritty Texture, 
 it proves ufefiil enough to Leather- 
 drelfcrs, but a much finer than either of 
 thofe has been taken up at JV.iter Ferry. 
 
 Bl.idofij a Village famous only for their 
 Loyal Parfon Dr. Matthew Griffith, who, 
 for his Zeal to the eftabliflied Church 
 and regal Prerogative, endured feven 
 violent Aflaults, and five Impri Ton men ts; 
 but lived to the Reftoration of King 
 Cliarles II. and having^ recovered his 
 Livings of St. Magdalen Ffijbeet, and hi> 
 Re&ory here, died at this laft, 14 Oftob. 
 1665. JEtat. 68. He fonght in Defence 
 of BaJing-Houfe, and his Daughter man* 
 fully loft her Life there. 
 
 Carjlngton, Cherjington, or CiJJinirton t 
 was the Eftate and Demefne of WtUlam 
 de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, at his Death, 
 which happened i May zS Hen. 6. after 
 this Manner : He was a great Favourite of 
 Queen Margaret, and had by his ira- 
 pruHent Management of Royal Favours, 
 incurred the Odium of the Nobility and 
 People, infomnch that a general Inlur- 
 re&ion being feared by the King, he or- 
 dered his Banimment; and accordingly 
 the Duke putting to Sea at fyfivicb in 
 Suffolk , with a Purpofe^ to fail into 
 Ebb
 
 378 
 
 France, was taken by a Ship of Wat- 
 belonging to the Duke of gxeter, then 
 Conftable of the Tower, and had his 
 Head cut off upon the Side of the Cock- 
 boat he was in. His Body and Head 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 him 
 
 the Chara&er of a learned arid pi- 
 ous Man, who by his great Labours had 
 done eminent Service to the Church ia 
 private and publick. 
 
 Cogees, the Head of the Barony of Av~ 
 
 were after found by one of his Cap- Jlc, of which M-inaffer, or Manfer de Ar- 
 tains, and being conveyed to the Col- fie was Lord. This Family was defcended 
 legiate Church of Wir.pfield in ~uffolk, of the Earls of Oxford, and are as ancient 
 was buried there. John de la Pole, then as King Htnry the Ift's Reign. They 
 but 7 Years old, was left his Heir. The flouriflied- in this Lordfnip divers Sue- 
 Church here is a Vicarage, for an Aug- certions, till Robert de Arjic, who died in 
 mentation of which, Dr. Jafper Maine, King Henry Illd's Time, leaving only 
 Archdeacon of Chickefler, wh died in Heirs General, viz. Joan, who married 
 1672, gave by his iafl Will ioo/. to Eujl.ice de Greitwile ; and Alice, the Wife 
 purchafe Land with for that End. The of Thomas de Hayef, who joined together 
 Parfonage, before the Diflblution, be- and parted all their Intereft to tf)is Ma- 
 nor, and other their Paternal Eftate, to 
 Walter Grey, Archbifhop of fork. How,, 
 or when it parted from his Heirs or Af- 
 figns, we don't find; bufit appears that 
 it came to William Lord 'Lovel, 35 Hen, 6. 
 by his Wife Alice, Daughter of Sir John. 
 Deincourt, and Heir to her Sifter, Wife 
 to Ralph Lord CromtveJi, who died 
 
 longed to the Priory of St. 
 Oxford, but being then feixcd by King 
 Henry VIlI. was fettled on his new 
 fercSed College, Chrift Church, to which 
 \ve fuppofe it now belongs- Mr. J-dhn. 
 Ball, the v famous Puritan, was born in 
 this Parifh of mean Parentage. His 
 School-Education was private at Tarn- 
 
 ton, an adjoining Village ; but he took then without Iflue. Her- Son Francit 
 his Degrees at Oxford, being a Student Lord Lovel was. her Heir of thi-s Barony 
 Hrft at Br*z.en-nofe College, and then at and enjoyed it till being attainted for 
 St. Mary's Hall. Being ordai-ncd by an High Treafon by Parliament, for fiding 
 Irifi Bilhop to avoid Subscription, he be- with King Edward IV. and Richard III. 
 came Curate of Whitmore, a Chapel of whom he affifted in the Battle in Bof- 
 ; JEafe to Stoke in Staffordshire, where he worth Field, i Hen. 7. this Barony, with 
 lived and died a Non-conformift, in a divers Manors in this and other Conn- 
 poor Condition. .He was a painful ties, were by him forfeited to the Crown,. 
 Preacher, and profitable Writer ; and and given by King Henry VII. to Jaf- 
 tho' he was fomewhat difaffe&ed to the per Earl of Pembroke and Duke of Bedford, 
 Ceremonies and Difcipline of the Efta- and Half-Brother to King Henry VI. by 
 blifhed Church, yet he wrote againft his Mother s Marriage with O.wen Tudor-, 
 fuch as conceived the Corruptions of it defcended from the ancient Princes of 
 were Ground enough for a Separation Wales. He died without Iflue, and. fo. 
 from if, particularly in his Anfwcr to we are at a Lois to account farther for 
 Mr. John Can, the Leader ofthcEntrlip the Lords of this Barony. 
 Brownifts of Amfterdam. He was indeed The Church of this Barony was CT iven 
 cenfured by fome of his own Party for by the above- mentioned Manager de Arjlc. 
 it, as deferring the Non-conformifts to the Monks of Fefiamp in ~~ 
 Caufe and Grounds, and fo declining from ~ : '' ' -~ J -- J **- 
 the Inconformity he had long proferted; 
 but for all that he died abundantly fa- 
 eisficd in the Juftnefs of theCaufe, which 
 he fo well defended againft Separation. 
 He hath many Books in Print. He di- 
 ed 10 Oflob. 1640, and was buried in 
 tke 'Church of IVkitwcre, kuvifig. behind 
 
 with Lands and Tithes in divers other- 
 Places; whereupon thofe Monks fent 
 over Part of their Convent hither, and 
 here founded a Cell to that their foreign 
 Monuftery, which was dirtblved in King 
 Henry Vth's Reign among the Priories, 
 alien.
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 379 
 
 Compton-lofig, a Village at a little Di- Steeple Barton, and being there married, 
 ftance from that wonderful Monument of had three Children, lived in good Re- 
 
 and died 
 
 pute, and died in 1659. This wonder- 
 ful Occurrence was generally interpreted 
 as a Mark of her Innocency, and as 
 fuch is tranfmitted to Poltcrity by fomc 
 Writers. There are certain Lands in 
 this Place, which having belonged to the 
 
 Antiquity, called Rolle rifb-jlones, of which 
 the country People have a Tradition, 
 that they were once Men, turned into 
 Stones, and that the higheft of them 
 fhould have been the King of England, 
 if he could have feen this Village, which 
 
 was but a little farther. Dr. Thomas Monaftery of St. Fridefaide, Oxford, before 
 Rotheram, alias Scot, when he was Bifhop the Diflblution of it, were then feized by 
 of Lincoln, augmented the Number of King Henry VIII. and given to his new- 
 Fellows of Lincoln College, from feven built College of C^ri ft- Church, which we 
 to twelve, by appropriating .for their fuppofe now enjoys them. 
 Subfiftence two Benefices, viz.. this, and Einfiam, or as Sir H.Spelman writes it 
 Twyfcrd in Buckinghamshire. JEnham, in the Saxon Language, as Mr, 
 
 Dichely, an Hamlet in SpiUeslnry Parifh, Cambden has it, Gignerham ; but as 
 where the Earl of Litchfeld hath a Seat- fhe Additions, 6onerham, was an- 
 \.SpiUeibtrj. _ ciemly a royal Vill, fituated moft 
 
 Duns-Tew is memorable for what Comma1ioufl / among delightful Mca- 
 happened to Ann Green, a Servant Maid 
 of Sir Thomas Read's of this Place, 
 Anno 1650, fhe being with Child, thro' 
 ox'er- working in turning of Malt, fell in 
 Travel about the fourth Month of her 
 Time, and cot knowing what fhe ailed, 
 vent to the Houfe of Eafement, and af- 
 
 The Eminency of this Place is 
 confirmed by the Mention of it in the 
 moft e.-irly Times, and by King Ethel* 
 reds Charter (of which we fhall fpeak 
 prefently) which terms it Locus Celebris. 
 This Place, among other Garrifons in 
 thofe Parrs, Cutbwolfe the Saxon firft 
 
 ter fome Straining was delivered of a took from the conquered Br ^ ns . B e- 
 
 Child, but fofmall, that the Sex was not 
 
 
 the 
 
 Po JEtbeJmar 
 
 _ . . . . _, , -j- . . ft j **Jt^*kJ*W Oft*.*!//*.) J V \-X j U.J-ttfJf'tf/t't+t y ** 
 
 difcoverable. Tbe Matter being found Nob l e man, adorned it with a Monaftery, 
 
 out, fhe was by her owiConfeffion, con- which EtMre4 King o f England, in the 
 
 dcmned and hanged ; and being thought Yea r 1005, confirmed and f.gncd the 
 
 dead (becaufe as fhe defired) divers pH v ii eg e of Liberty (as the Words of 
 
 Means were ufcd to put her out of her the charter run) with the Sign of the 
 
 Pai " J V^, C 7 a l carned , to an ^ Houfe to Holy Crofs ; but this religious Houfe i* 
 
 b ? d '?f f ? ed i but as A the Do " w t : '# Bi long fince turned, into a private HoMfe, 
 
 Sir WW*m Petty, Anatomy Profeffor, and belongs to the Earl of Darby. Here 
 
 Dr. Witttl^ Dr, Bathurjl, &c. were pre- a ]f o in th e Year 1009, the fame Kin ? 
 
 panrg her Body for it, they perceived a E tMred, by the Advice of Altibege, Arch- 
 
 Rutthng in her Throat by which, con- bifhop o f Canterbury, and wJftan, Arch- 
 
 ceivingfome Signs of Life, they ufed bifhop of r^, heW a general Council, 
 
 fuch Means to recover her, that within wherein many Decrees relating to the 
 
 fourteen Hours fhe fpake, and the next goo d Government of Church and State, 
 
 J)ay talked and prayed. The Officers were eftablifhed. They are to be feen 
 
 concerned in her Execut.on, would have j n Sir H. Spelman's Englilb Councils, 
 
 had her away to have compleated it, f om , It * j lo . 
 
 but the Doaors and Mayor kept them In tnc Royalty of this Parifh of Enf- 
 
 from tlieir Intention till they got her hami thcr e was of old, and hath been 
 
 a Pardon. It is obfervable, that fhe continued, till of late, an ancient Cu- 
 
 came to her felf jnft as if fhe had been ftoiTlj by wh i c h the Town's People were 
 
 awaked out of Sleep, beginning rofpeak, a ]i owed upon Whitsunday to cut down, 
 
 where fhe left off at the Gallows. After and carry away> wh ere ever the Church- 
 
 her Recovery Ihe went to Jier Friends at war dens pleafed to mark it out, br 
 
 B b b a giving
 
 380 
 
 XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 giving the firft Chop, as much Timber 
 as, could be draVn away by Mens Hands 
 into the Abbey-yard ; and if they could 
 draw it out again, notwithftanding the 
 Oppofition of the Servants of the Abbey 
 to prevent it, and keep it for their own, 
 (which, fince the Diflblution of the Ab- 
 bies, the Servants of the Lord of the 
 .Manor are to do) they become the Pro- 
 prictors of it, and the Timber was to 
 be made uTe offer the Reparations of 
 the Church. By this-Cuftom fome will 
 have it, that the People hold their Right 
 cf Commonage at Lammas and Michael- 
 mas ; but Timber now growing very 
 fcarce, thro' the long Ufage of it,becaufe 
 it difcourageth Planting, the Chief of 
 the Parifti have combined to lay if afide, 
 upon Condition, that the Rights of the 
 Church becompenfarcd fome other way. 
 
 Further, upon a Grant of the Bifhop 
 of Llr.coln, Anno 1230, for obferving of 
 Proceflions and -other Solemities at Enf- 
 &am Church, in Obedience to the Mo- 
 ther Church of Lincoln, in Wbitfun-Week, 
 many of the Oxford Scholars repairing 
 thither to- fee jovial Doings, were af- 
 laulted by the country People, who 
 Jullcd fome, and wounded others, and 
 made the reft fly home in Fear and 
 Danger of -their Lives. The Bifliop 
 hearing it excommunicated the Authors 
 and Abettors of this Sedition in all the 
 Churches of Oxfordfi>re, excluding them 
 the Society of all Chriftians, and depri- 
 ving them of the Benefit of Confemon 
 till the Feaft of St. liartfalomezu ; the 
 Scholars alfo rcfentcd this Injury fo 
 highly, that they intermitted all Le&urcs, 
 and would not refume them till the Of- 
 fenders had undergone the fevcreft 
 Punifhmcnrs ; and when they did, the 
 Bifhop procured of the Pope a Permif- 
 fion for the Doftors and Matters of 
 Oxford, to becc-mc Lectures and Regents 
 in any other Univcrfity, without any 
 Examination, 
 
 Gtywpton, a fmall Village, is fimous 
 for the Rcfidencc of Tbo. Tifdak, 
 -lifq; \vho, by his laft Will, dated 30 
 June i6io,beqeathed five thcufandPounds 
 to purchafe Lands and Tenements for 
 
 the Maintenance of certain Fellows and 
 Scholars, to be chofen from the Free- 
 School at Abington, inro any College in 
 the Univerfity of Oxford; (Archbiihop 
 Abbot, and other great Men, with tha 
 Mayor and Burgefles of Abington, being 
 made Truftees, who, after ibme Diffi- 
 culties,fettled them inPembroke College ;) 
 and for a Spring, which rifeth in a Wood, 
 about a Mile South- Weft from the 
 Church, in a Place where there are Stones 
 in the Forms of Cockles. The Ebul- 
 litions of it are three, and the moft 
 Southern makes an humming Noife, much 
 like that of an empty Bottle held with 
 the Mouth againft the Wind, which 
 Refemblance perhaps may help us to 
 explain the Caufe as well as the Sound ; 
 for fuppofing the Channel be large 
 \vkhin, and the Paflfage out be fome- 
 what narrow like a Bottle, the Collifion. 
 of the Water againft the Lips of the 
 Orifice, may make fuch a Noife in a 
 large Vault therein, efpecially if the 
 Waters be fpirituous, as perad venture it 
 may probably be. In Wejlphalia in Ger- 
 many, there is a Spring that makes fuch 
 a Noife as this doth, which they call 
 Eolderlorn from it. 
 
 Godjlow is remarkable for nothing but 
 its Nunnery ; for which fee the EccJe- 
 fiaftical Hiftory of this County follow- 
 ing. 
 
 Hanlorcugh, noted only for the Selenites, 
 or Moon-ftone, which hath been found 
 in great Plenty in digging of Wells in 
 this Place. 
 
 Kidlingfoft, one Mrs. Hill, who was born 
 in thisPlace, lived aboveaCentury of Years. 
 
 Ledivell, where is found a fine Sand, 
 which is of good Ufe to give a Con- 
 fiftency and Body to Glafs, and perhaps 
 might prove as good Tarfo as any the-y 
 have from France, or is ufed in Italy, were 
 it in a Place where it might be tried. 
 
 Leigh North ought to be taken Notice 
 of, that it may be a Caution to all that 
 do or may inhabit there, in digging 
 Pits or Wells for common Ufe ; becaufe 
 here is a Sort of Earth, which fends 
 forth fuch fudden and deadly Steams, 
 that they kill before the Patient can 
 
 give
 
 OXPO R 3) S HIR E. 
 
 381- 
 
 give the leaft Notice ; of which there 
 happened two deplorable Examples in 
 the Years 1655 and 1674., both of them 
 in Augujl : The firft happened to two 
 Men of Woodjlock, who undertook to dig 
 a Well here, but before they had done 
 any Thing confiderable to it, funk down 
 and irrecoverably died, which being 
 perceived by a Woman who ftood by, 
 fiie called a Miller to their Affiitance, 
 who unhappily defcending to them, fell 
 down dead alfo. The other fell out upon 
 this Occafion : A Woman having had 
 the Bucket of her Well fain into it, de- 
 fired a lufty young Fellow to go down by 
 a Ladder and fetch it up for her, which 
 he willingly granting, by that Time he 
 came halfway down, he fell down dead 
 into the Water, at which the Woman 
 being amaxed, called another young ' 
 Man to help the other out, but when 
 he came about the fame Place of the 
 Ladder, he fuddenly fell off and died, 
 without the leaft Sign of a Change, fo 
 fuddenly mortal are the Damps of the 
 Earth here. 
 
 Here hath aHb been found the Stone 
 called Pyrites, which hath the Tafte of 
 Ink, and being expofed to the Air a 
 while, becomes covered with a white 
 <lowny Salt of the very fame Tafte, 
 which Dr. Plot takes to be fuch an Atra- 
 mentum album, i. e. white Ink, as Kent- 
 man fays, rifes out of the Pyrites at 
 Gofiar and Radeberg. 
 
 To this fad Shrine, whoe'er thou art, draw 
 If ever Son, if ever Friend were dear ; 
 Here lies the Youth who ne'er his Friend denied,. 
 Or gave his Father Grief, but when he died. 
 How vain is Rcafon! Eloquence, how weak! 
 When Pope mull tell what Hmourt cannot fpeak. 
 Let then thy once lov'd Friend infcribe thy Stone, 
 And with a Father's Sorrow mix his own. 
 
 Stanton- Harcourt, where is a large 
 Barrow erected (as Dr. Plot fuppofes) by 
 the Britalns or Danes, becaufe it is near 
 no Highway, but in the open Fields. If 
 it was a Danijh Monument, it is certainly 
 the Memorial of fome Perfon, as will 
 appear by the Stones fet near it, tho* it 
 is poflible that thofe may be Roman* 
 it being cuftomary for them to fet up 
 fuch Trophies at the utmott Bounds of 
 their Victories, or where they could not 
 conveniently advance them further, as 
 Dion and Florus teftify. As for the Stones 
 near this Barrow, called the Devifs Coits r 
 (he adds that) he fhould take them to 
 be Appendices to the former, fepulchral 
 Monument, but that they feem to be 
 removed a little too far from it, and 
 therefore fays, perhaps the Barrow 
 might be caft up for fome Saxax, and the- 
 Srcnes for fome Britain, flain hereabouts, 
 or vice verfa. They arc eight Feet high, 
 and near the Bottom feven Feet broad. 
 They feem not natural, but made by 
 Art of fmjill Stones cemented together, 
 of which there are great Numbers in the 
 Fields about it. The Rcftory of this 
 Place was conveyed to and fettled upon 
 All-Souls College, by Letters Patents 
 from Queen Elizabeth. In the Church is 
 erefted a fumptuous Tomb by the Right 
 Honourable Simon Lord Harcourt, for hi* 
 Son Simon Harcourt, Efq; lately deccaled,. 
 on which thefe Lines are engraven : 
 
 near. 
 
 Simon Lord Hircourt hath a Seat in this 
 Place, and takes his Title of Baron 
 from it. He was bred a Lawyer in 
 Lincoln's Inn, and from Solicitor and 
 Atton" y General rofe by his faithful 
 Scrvi' cs to be Keeper of the Great Seal, 
 v/her* he was made a Lord by Queen 
 
 Steple-atton, where was * Pavement 
 ploughed up, confifting of Squares o 
 divers Colours, and fet in curious Fi- 
 gures, not cubicle, like that found at 
 Great Tew, but oblong, let perpendicular 
 to the Horizon. That this Pavemenc 
 was R^man, Dr. Plot think.?, there is no 
 
 Doubi,
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E* 
 
 Doubt, tho' it was not found near any 
 Roman Station, and far enough removed 
 from any Roman Highway ; (except fome 
 Branches of Akemanjlreet from Ramf- 
 den and Woodcock might happen to pafs 
 thefe Places) but he guefleth it was not 
 of any higher Antiquity, than the Time 
 of Agrlcola, Lieutenant of Vefpajian, who 
 com pleated the Reman Conquefts in 
 thefe Southern Parts of Britain, or at 
 moft of Paulinas, who defeated the va- 
 lourous Britijb Queen Boadicea. The Ufe 
 of thefe Pavements was, to lay where 
 the Generals fet their Prxtorium, or Tent. 
 Stunesfeld, where is met with a Sort 
 of fpungy Chalk, which, tho' it will 
 not flake as that at Thame, 8cc. yet be- 
 ing ufed for Pointing, feems to bind 
 the Stones of their Walls very well. 
 
 Talkley, or Tackley, the Manor and 
 lEftate of Henry Lord 'Beaumont , an emi- 
 nent Man in the Reigns of King Edward 
 II. and King Edward III. in whofe Reign 
 . he died. He, was, n Edw. 3. Conftable 
 of the King's Army fent into Scotland, 
 and in Conlideration of his great Servi- 
 ces, obtained, among other Things, a 
 Charter of Free-warren in all his De- 
 mefne Lands in this Place. He left this 
 Manor, 14 Edw. 3. to his Son folm Lord 
 "Beaumont ; but he enjoyed it not above 
 two Years, and then dying, left it to 
 Eleanor his Wife, who, 17 Edw- 3. pro- 
 cured another Charter of the King for 
 free Warren for her Demefne Lands in 
 this Place. She left it to her Son and 
 Heir, Henry Lord Beaumont, who being 
 born beyond Sea, was legitimated by 
 Parliament, 25 Edw. 3. As to the 
 Church here we may obferve, that 
 upon a Vacancy of the Vicarage, one 
 Mr. Rogers, who was then Re&or of the 
 faid Church, affirming, that the Vica- 
 rage was not regularly ordained, with 
 the Confcnt of all Parties concerned, 
 did petition Oliver Stttton, then Bifliop 
 of Lincoln, that the faid Vicarage might 
 be consolidated with the Re&ory ; where- 
 upon the Bifliop having made a due In- 
 quifition about it, did fo confolidate 
 them. *//. Oftib. 1299. 
 In this Parifh there is found an excel- 
 
 lent kind of Earth, which makes the 
 beft Floors for Ground-Rooms and 
 Barns. 
 
 Tew Great,, near which was ploughed 
 up an Opm Tejfellatum, or a Pavement 
 cut into Squares fomething bigger than 
 Dice, and of four different Colours, 
 viz- Blue, White, Yellow and Red, all 
 polifhed and orderly, difpofed inroYVorks 
 in Figure like a Wheel. Thefe Pave- 
 ments, if made of fmall fquare Marbles 
 of natural Colours, were called Lithojtra- 
 ta ', but if of fmall Bricks, or Tiles, arti- 
 ficially tinged with Colours, annealed 
 and polifhed, were called Pavimenta 
 tejfellata, or JMufivum, and both of them 
 (lays Pliny) were Aforata, becaufe they 
 were not to be fwept, but wiped with 
 a Spunge. This at Great Tew was of this 
 later Sort- 
 Here alfo is a Sort of fpungy Earth re- 
 fembling Chalk,, which, tho' it will not 
 flake, is fo fine, that it ferves well to 
 white Rooms within, and point Walls 
 without. 
 
 Worton Over, the Manor of which, be- 
 fore the Diflolution of the Monafteries, 
 was the Poffeffion of "the Monastery of 
 Sr. Fridefwide in Oxford', but coming into 
 King Henry VHIth's Hands after, was 
 given by him to his College of Chrift- 
 Church,a.s\ve fuppofe, it continues. Here 
 dwells one John Ladd, who being excel- 
 lently Skilled in the Nature of Bees, 
 hath an Apifa&ory, in the managing of 
 which, he profeffeth, i. That he can 
 take Swarms out of any Stock that is 
 able, and negle&s to fwarm, without any 
 Prejudice to the Stocks. 2. That he can 
 take Honey out of the Stock without any 
 Prejudice to the Bees. 3. That he can 
 fecure any Stock from being robbed. 
 4. That he can order an old Stock fo, 
 as that the Bees fhall gather pure Virgin 
 Honey. 5. That he can 'recruit Stocks 
 in a low Condition, fo as that they lhall 
 do well. 6. That he can take a Qnecn 
 from one Hive where there are two, and 
 put it to another that wants a Queen, 
 and fo keep the Bees together, which 
 would othcrwifc difperfe. 7. If a Queen 
 wants Subjects, he csin draw fome for 
 
 her
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 her from other Stocks in what Numbers 
 he plcafeth, and fettle them under her 
 'Government. William Taylgr of Wark- 
 qoorth in Nvrthamptovjhtre y hath the fame 
 Art, and both of them commonly praSife 
 thefe Operations in their Api factories, 
 which, becauie they find to be very pro- 
 fitable to them, they are not willing to 
 make common ; yet do not refufe to 
 commuicate thfir Art to fit Perfons, 
 upon reafonable Terms ; where Curiofity, 
 rather than Profit, leems the ftrongeft 
 Motive. 
 
 Worton Neither, where is a vitriolate 
 and ferrngincous Spring, within a Bow- 
 fhot of the Church, which, bcfides its 
 tinging with Galls, lets full a Sediment 
 of a rufty Colour ; as doth alfo a Spring 
 at North-Wejlon, and another near Whites 
 Oak, in the Parim of North-Leigh ; but 
 this at Neitleer-Wcrton is much the 
 quicker and clearer. 
 
 Wctton, a fmall Village now, but we fup- 
 pofe the moft confiderable of the Hundred, 
 when it gave Name to it. The Par- 
 fonagc or Retory being pnrchafed by 
 Robert Pink, Warden of New- College, was 
 fettled upon the faid Soci.ty, Anno 1647. 
 
 II. B A N B u R Y Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred, joining to the Hundred 
 of Wotton on the North, extendeth to 
 the fartheft Limits of this County North- 
 ward, having Part of Northamptonjhire on 
 the Eaft, and the Hundred of Bloxham 
 on the Weft for its Borders. The only 
 Market-Town in this Hundred, which 
 hath its Name from it, is 
 
 BAN BURY, in Saxon phnefbernr, 
 whofe-Market is on Thurfday, and Fair 
 on Aug. i, 10. Octob. i, 18. Sept. 20. the 
 Thurfday after Twelfth Day ; the firit 
 Thurfday in Lent ; and the Thurfday afrer 
 JAlchaelmas-Day. Mr. Cambden tells us, 
 that it was here, that Kenric, the Weft 
 Saxon King, overcame the Britains (when 
 they fought for their Liberties and 
 Country) in a memorable Battle ; but 
 the Author of the Additions to Cambden 
 allow, that this Place is con- 
 
 cerned in this Victory of Kenric ; for 
 the Saxon Annals exprefly fiy, that this- 
 Battle was fought at Bepanbypit;, 
 viz. Barbury-Cajlle in Wiltshire, which the 
 Caftle feated on the Top of an high 
 Hill, and encompafled with a double 
 Ditch, and other vaft Fortifications a- 
 bout it ; the Barrows on the adjacent 
 Plain ; the Similitude of Names ; and 
 the Courfe and Time of the Saxons Victo- 
 ries, with all other Circumftanees, feem 
 to render moft probable. 
 
 Bat where-ever the Battle was fought, 
 the Succefs of it does not belong fo en- 
 tirely to the Saxons, as Mr. Cambden 
 feems to inrimate ; for tho' the Saxons 
 had been too hard for the Britain! in 
 feveral former Engagements, yet here 
 they had united their Strengths from 
 all Parrs fo together, that by reafon of 
 their Numbers, our Hiftorians fay, they 
 bore up fo well, that when Night came 
 on them, the Battle was depending ; and 
 'tis more than probable, if an impartial 
 Writer had given the Account, the Bri- 
 tains would have had the Advantage given 
 them at this Rencounter. Befides, this 
 Battle was fought, Anno 556; and we 
 find that the Britains held their Garrifons 
 in this County, till the Year 571 ; or, as 
 feme Writers fay, 580, which they could 
 hardly have been fuppofed to do, if the 
 Victory over them had been fo complear, 
 as Mr. Cambden makes if. Befides, the 
 Manner thai the Saxon Chronicle relates 
 this Victory, in faying only Kenrlc and 
 Ceawlin fought witn the Britains at Be- 
 ranbyrig, is Proof enough that there was. 
 no Victory, because tis probable the 
 Vitory would not only have beeu 
 mentioned, but magnified, according to 
 the Cuftom of the Writer, who all along; 
 is partial enough to his Country- men, to- 
 the Di fad vantage of the Britains. 
 
 In later Times, Richard Earl of 
 Warwick, being much difgufted at King 
 Edward's Alarriage with the Lady Eli- 
 zabeth Grey, becaufe he had been treating* 
 with the French Court for a Marriage 
 with the Lady Bona, Sifter of the Frenebt 
 Queen ; and 'twas a Dishonour to hint 
 to go on fb deceitful a Meflliage, re-
 
 3*4 
 
 OXFO R <D SHIR E., 
 
 -volted From him, and refolved, with After the Conqueft, about the Year 
 the Affiftance of his Brethren, George 1125, thi.s Town was ttrengthened with a 
 Nevil, BUhop of Exeter, and Join Nevil, Caille by Alexander, then Bifhop of 
 Earl of Nortfatmberlaxdi* Men of great Lincoln, (who at th'ac Time owned the 
 Intereft, to forlake Edward^ and re- Manor), Afterward thisManor was given 
 cftablim King Henry on his Throne, by Kii g Henry VII. to Jcfper Earl of 
 King Edward being fenfible of his Dan- Pembroke, wnom that King alfo made 
 ,ger from fuch potent Enemies, ra:fcd Luke of fieJford, not only upon the Ac- 
 ~an Army of Welfimen, under the Com- count of his Defcent from Qwest Tudor 
 mand of William Herbert, Earl of Pern- his Father, whole Anceilors were the 
 -troke, and the Lord Stafford, who, march- ancient Princes of W,i hs, and Catharine, 
 ing with the Forces towards Northampton, the Re lift of King Henry V. and Daugh- 
 fell in with the Earl of Warwick's ter of Charles VI. King of France, his 
 Northern Forces at Edgecote, -within three Mother, by whom he was Half- Brother 
 Miles of this Place; but had only fome ro King Henry VI. but be-aufe he had 
 Ifliort Skirmifhes, and then the King's firmly adhered to the Lancnftrian Interell 
 Forces retired hither ; which was the all along, had differed much for it, and 
 Reafon that the light here was called been the Means of preferving the Duke 
 Banbury-Field. In this Tovn it happened, of Richmond from his Childhood, from 
 that the Lord Stafford being firft entred, the Snares and Plots laid againft his 
 took, up the Inn, which the Earl of Life, by King Edward IV. and his Bro- 
 Pembrcke defired ; and being ordered to ther Richard III. againft whom he af- 
 leave it, departed very unwillingly, by filled him at Eoftvcrth Field, and faw 
 reafon he had taken a great Liking to a him fettled on the Throne; nnd beino- 
 Damfel belonging to it ; and carried all made Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, had 
 his Men along with him out of the Town, this Lordftiip and many other Eftates 
 The Earl of Warwick, who lay at a lit- fettled on him to fupport his Dignity ; 
 tie Diftance, hearing of this Difa^ree- and fince that, in the nrft Tear of Queen 
 nicnt, by which the Earl of Pembroke Mary, 26 jf-an. it was made a Burrough, 
 was left alone with his Welshmen, fell confining of a Bailiff, i a Aldermen and 
 -upon them in the Night, and taking the iz Burgcflcs, in Recompenfe for their 
 Earl himfelf, his Brother Sir Richard faithful Services done far that Queen, 
 Herbert, and divers other Gentlemen, (as if is expreflcd in their Charter) in 
 Prifoners, beheaded them all in this manfully refitting John Dudley, Duke of 
 Town. King Edward was greatly grieved Northumberland, who I'ebellcd againft her 
 for this Lofs, and refolving to revenge and fought to fet up Queen Jane Grey 
 it, marched with his Army towards the upon the Throne, whom he had married 
 Earl of Wariviflt, and pitched his Camp to* his Son. This Charter was renewed 
 at Wolney, four Miles from Warwick. Some in the Reign of King James I. 8 June t 
 Overtures of Peace by the Mediation of Reg. 6, and made a Mayor-Town, con- 
 Friends, were here tcnder'd on both fifting of a Mayor, 12 Aldermen and 
 Sides, which made the King's Party 6 capital Burgeflcs, from whicii-Time 
 carelefs in guarding themfelves, and this Corporation hath fent one Member 
 :gave Warw'uk an Advantage, which he to reprefcnt them in Parliament, 
 could not omit, of lurprizing the King ; Tn the Civil Wars between King Charles 
 whereupon, with fome choice Men, he I. and his Parliament, this To\vn had 
 cntrcd the King s Camp in the Night, no inconfiderable Share. As it fliewcd 
 took him Prifoner, and fent him to muchofPopifii Zeal, in (landing up re- 
 Jdiddleham-Caflle in Yorkfrire, to be under folutcly for the SucceflTion of Queen 
 the Keeping of his Brother the Arch- Mary; fo being puritanically inclined, 
 bifhop, from whom Ue made his E- it was as xealeus for the Caufe of the 
 ^ Puritans carried on and maintained by 
 
 the
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 tl 'e two Houfes of Parliament againft the 
 Xing; for they -received a Garrifon of 
 their Raifing into their Caftle. The 
 King hud now began his March from 
 Nottingham, where he let up his Stan- 
 dard ; and having taken in Shrewsbury 
 and Worcefter, came 2.2, Oftcb. to Edgcot, 
 a Village in ' Northamptonfiire, Avithin 
 four Miles of this Town, and ordered 
 the Attack of the Rebels Garrifon here; 
 tut hearing that the Earl of EJJex \vas at 
 Keinton near JLdgklU, refolved upon a 
 Battle, and fo the Seige of this Place 
 was laid afide for the preient. The 
 Fight began the next Day, and tho* the 
 Viftory was dubious, yet the Advantage 
 being rather on the King s Side, and 
 Fame giving it to them, the Terror of 
 his Army proved of great Advantage to 
 him ; for he prcfently took the Lord 
 Say's Houfeand Banbury-Caftle, in which 
 were eight Hundred Foot, and a Troop 
 of Horfe, half of which lifted under the 
 King's Banner ; and he took the Arms 
 of all the reft, and fo marched to Ox- 
 ford. The Garrifon came into the King's 
 Hands, who held it without any Diftur- 
 bance till 19 July 1644, when it was 
 befieged "by the Parliament Forces, 
 which, when the King heard, the Earl 
 of Northampton was fent to raife the 
 Siege, which he accordingly did, and 
 the Garrilbn being fupplied with Provi- 
 fior.s and Ammunition, held out for the 
 Ki' g, till his Majefty being retired from 
 Oxfcrd to the Scotch Army, it was fur- 
 rendred with Newark, by the King's 
 Directions, to the Scotch General, with 
 other Garrifons ; and fo all the Nation 
 came into the Power of the Parliament, 
 and at length the King himfelf. 
 
 The Situation of this Town, which is 
 upon "the River Cl'arwel, is very plealan* 
 and commodious. The Trade here is 
 'profitable.; and having good Land all a- 
 D0i.it it, cfpecally rich Meadows, it is 
 famous for. the bcft Sort of Cheefe. In 
 the ploughed" Fields are often found 
 certain Coins of the Roman Emperors, 
 *vhich are a good Argument for the An- 
 ttquiiy ofthe Place. Here is-a Sulphur- 
 "VVeli, th: Water of which is fait, yet 
 
 mingled with Sulphur, is found to coa- 
 ftipate the Pores of boiled Milk, as to 
 feparate its Parts into Curds and Whey, 
 yet hath alfo a volatile Part. Here is 
 alfo found the Pyrites Aureu , Or Golden 
 Fire-ftone, in great Plenty, in digging 
 of Wells : Some of them are taken up in 
 great Lumps (and are therefore called 
 Brafs Lumps) of an uncertain Form: 
 The Richeft of them yet knmvn, \vei 
 found at Ckydon, a Village near. 
 
 In thefe Northern Pans of Oxfordfi're, 
 about Eanbury, it has long been a Cu- 
 ftom, at fet Times of the Year, for 
 young People to meet in the Market- . 
 place here, to be hired as Servant-;, 
 which Meeting at this Place they call 
 the Mop. The Men-Servants fort them- 
 felves, and carry their Badges, accord- 
 ing as they are qualified; the Carters 
 (landing in one Place wich their Whips, 
 the Shepherds in another with their 
 Crooks, &c. but the Maids ftand nil 
 promifcuoufly. This Cuftom may feem 
 as old as our Saviour, and fervc to il- 
 luftrate the Parable of the Labourers, 
 Mat. to. i. 7. 
 
 This Town had formerly the Honour 
 of conferring the Title and Dignit^ of 
 Earl, upon WiU'iam Lord Kr.olles, Vif. 
 co-ant Walilngferd, and Earl of Embury.. 
 He was the Son of Frar.cis Knclles, who 
 being a zealous Profeftant, fled in Queen 
 Mary's Reign into Germany, to avoid the 
 Pcriecudon then on Foot ; for which, 
 he was had in fuch Efteem by Qneen 
 Elizabeth, that upon her Acccffion to 
 the Throne, he was made one of her 
 Prix^y Council, Treafurcr of her Houfc- 
 hold, and Knighc of the moft noble 
 Order of the Garter. Doubtlefs thefe Fa- 
 vours were conferred upon him alfo, part- 
 ly becaufe he had married Catharine, the 
 Daughter of Mary Bullen, Sifter to the 
 Queen s Mother Am:e F>uilen, King Ilixry 
 VHIth's fecond Wife. He fiicceeded his 
 Father, in being Trcafurcr of the faid 
 Queen's HoumoM ; and in the firft Year 
 of King James I. v.-as advanced to the 
 Dignity of Barcn RnoUes of Grays the 
 Place of his Scat in this Shire ; and 
 being fomc Years after ir.ade Matter of 
 C c c the
 
 386 
 
 XFO R > SHIRE. 
 
 the Court of Wards, and Knight of 
 the Garter; he was created by the fame 
 King, Vifcount W-.Ilingford, as he conti- 
 nued dll a Car. I. when he was created 
 Earl of Banbury. He died 25 May 1632. 
 He had two Wives, but no Children by 
 either of them ; however, his laft Wife 
 Elizabeth, Daughter cf the Earl of Sufr 
 fcJk, marrying Nicholas Lord Vaux, had a 
 Son by him, named 
 
 Nicholas, who affuming the Name of 
 
 but had no Summons to Parliament, as 
 far as we can find. Mr. William Whate- 
 Jy was firft Lecturer, and then Minilter 
 of this Town, his native Place. He was 
 an excellent Preacher, and a Perfon of 
 good Learning, being well verfed in the 
 original Text, both Hebrew and Greek', 
 and being a Calvinijl, his Sermons were 
 much frequented by Men of that Per- 
 fwafion, and the common People. He- 
 was a great Writer, and has many 
 
 Knolles, took on him the Title of Earl of Things in Print. His Life is written by 
 - . . : r i_ u.j t. .L_ c._ 
 
 Sanbury, a's if he had been the Son of 
 the above-mentioned William; but he 
 was never fummoned to Parliament. He 
 died 14 Mar. 1673, an< * ^ 
 
 Charles KnoUes, his Son and Heir, who 
 claimed the Title of Earl of Banbury ; 
 
 Minifter of Colingburne-Dudf 
 in Wiltfiire. He died in 1639, and lies 
 buried in the Church-yard here, under 
 a large raifed Monument, with a very 
 long Epitaph, of which this is a Part;. 
 
 It's William WhateJey, that here lies, 
 Who fwam to s Tomb in's Peoples Eyes. 
 
 Mr. John Langley, Mafter of Magdalen 
 School, Oxford, and afterwards of St. 
 Paul's, London, was born in this Town. 
 He was expert in almoft the whole Bo- 
 dy of Learning ; and fo great an An- 
 tiqiviry, efpecially in Matters of our 
 Nation, that he was the Delight of 
 learned Men, as of Mr. Selden and o- 
 thers, who followed the Long Parlia- 
 ment; but not of much Eftcem with 
 the Church Clergy, becaufe he was a 
 Puritan, and happened to be a Witnefs 
 againft Archbifhop Laud at his Trial. 
 He printed fome Things while he was 
 living, and left many Collc&ions of Hi- 
 ftories and Antiquities, which his Bro- 
 ther fold for his private Advantage. He 
 died at the Houfe belonging to the 
 School, 15 Sept. 1657, and was buried 
 in Mercers Chapel ; Dr. Reynolds ', then 
 Dean of Chrijl-Churcb, and iince Bifhop 
 of Norv;i(b, preaching his Funeral Ser- 
 mon, wherein he fpokc many Things of 
 the Ufe of human Learning, and in Com- 
 mendation of the Deceafca. 
 
 Burton, or Beurtan, the Lordfhip and 
 Eftatc of Tiomas Lord Bradejlon, a great 
 Man in the Reigns of King Edward II. 
 *nd King Edward III. who died poflcfled 
 i :hb and other Eitates in this County, 
 
 in the 3zd of this laft King's Reign, and 
 left them to his Grandfon Thomas, the 
 Son of Robert, his Son and Heir, who 
 died in his Life-time. He was a Martial 
 Man in both Reigns, but very religious ; 
 for he eftablifhed a Chantry in the Cha- 
 pel of Bradejlan, for one Prieft, and 
 another at Wlnterbourn near Brijtol, for 
 two Priefts, to celebrate Divine Ser- 
 vice daily for ever, for the good Eftate 
 of himfelf during Life, and for the 
 Health of his Soul after his Death ; as 
 alfo for the Souls of his Anceltors, and 
 all the Faithful dcceafed. The Heir 
 General of this Family carried their E- 
 llate to the La-Poles: Who fettled this 
 Manor upon the Monaftery of St. !>/"- 
 defwlde, Oxford, we know not ; but at the 
 Diflblution of the Abbies, it being found 
 Part of the Pofleflions of that' Houfe, 
 King Henry VIII. fcized it into his 
 Hands, and fettled it upon his new built 
 College of ChriJl-Ctiurcb, as it ftill con- 
 tinues, we fuppofe. 
 
 Cherbury, the Manor of which was, 38 
 ~B.cn. 8. the Eftate of George Owen, Efq; 
 who, at the Reqxielt of the faid King, 
 exchanged it for other Eftates wirh his 
 Majcfty. It is further memorabe for 
 nothing, but for being the native Placr- 
 
 of
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 of Brian Stepbaxs, who died at Woodjlock, 
 as is above-mentioned, an hundred and 
 three Years old. Unlefs it may feem a 
 little ftrange, that this Village, which 
 lies almoft in the Middle of Chadlington 
 Hundred, Broxbam Hundred coming be- 
 tween, Ihould belong with Cornbury to 
 Banbury Hundred ; but fuch Inftances we 
 have in other Counties, and one more in 
 this. The Pariflies of Horley and Hornton, 
 which lie beyond Broxbam Hundred 
 Northward, belonging to the Hundred 
 of Chadlingtcn. As to the Church, 
 it is worth our Notice, that when Oliver 
 Sutton, Bifliop of Lincoln, ordained the 
 Vicarage here ; he endowed it not only 
 with the Altarage and fmall Tithes, but 
 with the Tithe-Hay of the Town, Short- 
 Hampton and Cbadlington, fixty-five Acres 
 of Glebe, and a Manfc ; and further re- 
 ferved himfelf and Succeflbrs a Power 
 of augmenting it further, if Times 
 fliould fo require; but fince the Refor- 
 mation, the Bimops have forborn to ufc 
 this Power in Favour to Lay-Impropria- 
 tors. 
 
 Clatereote, or ClattercoJd, a fmall Village 
 in the Northern Part of this Hundred, 
 famous only for a Monaftery there, of 
 which tve fliall give an Account after- 
 wards. 
 
 Cleydon lies a little above Clatereote, 
 and is the moft Northern Village of this 
 County. Nature hath made this Place 
 of Note, for, (i.) a fmall Spring which 
 rifcs in the Street on the South-fide of 
 the Town, and continues running all the 
 Year ; but moft plentifully, like the 
 Scatebra of P/??:v, (Ztfrt. Hljt. 1. 2. p. 103.) 
 in the drieft Weather. (2.) The Pyrites 
 Aureus, or Golden Fire-ftone, of which 
 here is found great Plenty in digging 
 Wells; fome of them are taken up in 
 great Lumps, (and are therefore called 
 Brals Lumps) of an uncertain Form. 
 Dr. Plot tells us, that he had fome very 
 rich ones, out of the Well of one Bore- 
 man, in this Place, brought him. (3.) 
 The Afleria, or Scar-ftone, called by Gef- 
 ner, AKefOi, or Sigillttm Stella, from the 
 JLJfc of Sealing, that it is fometimes put 
 to, It is plentifully found in the Fields 
 
 3*7 
 
 belonging to this Parifli, Northward 
 from the Church; and particularly on 
 the Furlong called HcreJiMe-Furlnig. Dr. 
 Plot tells us, that the Texture of them 
 feems to be of thin LamelU, or Plates, 
 lying obliquely to the Horizontal Pofition 
 of the Star, much afccr the Manner of 
 Lapis jfudaicus ; the Colour of it is yel- 
 lo\v> becaufe it is taken out of aycllowiih. 
 Earth ; but in Ghcejlerjhire it is blue ; 
 and in War<w\ck$aire of an Afh-colour, 
 becaufe it is taken out of a Clay of the 
 fame Colours. Thefe Stones are bigger 
 here than thofe found in other Counties ; 
 and whereas thefe laft are hardly poflible 
 to be feparated, thofe being Iteeped in 
 Vinegar, or any other iharp Liquor, 
 may be divided without any Danger of 
 fpoiling the Workmanlhip of the Stars. 
 In fome of the A(teri& here, befides the 
 Sculpture that makes up the Angles, 
 there is plainly reprefented a Rofe, or 
 fome other uniform Figure in the Middle 
 of it, which is not yet obferved in any 
 of thofe found in other Places. 
 
 Cornbury, the Seat and Eftate of Henry 
 Lord Danvers, afterwards Earl ofDanby. Re 
 was the Founder of the famous Phyfick- 
 Garden at Oxford, (anciently the Burial- 
 place of the,3^?wi that died at Oxford} 
 which he encompafled with a Wall, which 
 coft him 5000 Pounds, and gave it to the 
 Univerfity. He died at his Houfe called 
 Cornbury-Park, in this Parifh, and was 
 buried in the Chancel of the Parifli- 
 Church of Dauntfey in Wiltjlrire, the 
 Place of his Nativity. The Seat here, 
 foon after the Reftoration, became Ed- 
 ward Hide's, Earl of Clarendon, who ook 
 his Title of Vifcount from this Place. 
 The eldeft Son of this Family, by the 
 Courtefy of England, always bears the 
 Title of Lord Cornbury. 
 
 Dr. Plot propunds it as a Wonder in 
 Nature, that the Deer in the Paik here, 
 which, before his Majefty King Charlei 
 lid's Ileftoration, being in Part at Jeaft, 
 turned into a Coney-Warren, had ail 
 of them Dwarf-heads, and molt of 
 them irregular ; r.nd if any of them 
 were uniform, they were far fliorr of 
 common Growth, feldom exceeding 
 C c c z eight
 
 388 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Vighr or ten Inches long, tho' the Deer that Church His Sorts, Peter and 
 
 tnemfeives were of full Growth, and in were, the one Proftor of the University 
 
 nil RefpeGs well liking ; but as foon as and the other a witty and ingenious 
 
 the Warren was deftroyed by the Pro- Man. RicKard Allibwe, a Lawyer of 
 
 prietor, the Earl of Clarendon, they came Grays Inn, and Roman Catholick, (as his 
 
 apun to have as fair branched Heads as Father Job Allihone had been) who was 
 
 any Deer in the adjoining Foreft of knighted by King James II. and made- 
 
 Wiclwcod. This ftran^e Alteration the a Judge, was of this Family. He lies buried 
 
 Do&or guefieth to proceed from an In- at J)agenba?n in EJJex, near his Mother. 
 
 Water-Eaton 
 
 feclion of the Grais by the Urine and 
 
 crotizing of the Conies, which being hot Lord Lcvelace's Seat. 
 
 and dry"! abated the Moilturc ot the 
 
 Deer, which produced their fair 
 
 Htads. 
 
 In the Park here, not far from the 
 Lodge, in a Pit newly digged, there 
 
 is famous only for 
 
 the 
 
 B i ox IT AM Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred is fituate on the* Well- 
 fide of the former, and on the North. 
 
 Spring of a Vitriol Kind, colour- ends in a Point with it. On the Welt it 
 srg the Earth and Mud under it very borders on Part of WarwickJIrire, and 
 black. Into this Pit (it being dcfigned on the South upon Cb.tdl'wgton Hundred, 
 for a Confervatory for Fifli) fome of fe- The Fee of this Hundred, 5 Hen. 4. be- 
 vrral Sorts were put in over Night, longed to Almaric de St. Amand, whofe 
 
 Heirs were Ida his Daughter, and Ge- 
 rard Braybroke his Grandfon, by Eleaxcr 
 his eldelt Daughter. This Hundred hath 
 ho Market-Town in it, being in moft 
 
 biu where: found dead the next Morn- 
 ing , vhich gave Ground to fufpeft, 
 
 that there was a Vitriol of Venus in the 
 
 Water, which killed the Fifh, as there is 
 
 in Copper, cf which Dr. Witty fays, he Parts of it near'Btfr) 
 
 experienced the like EffeK 
 
 wherefore ia 
 dafcourfing.of' tfee Villages, we &a]l be- 
 
 Fixflcck. Mere is found a fine Sand 1 , of gin with that which feems to claim the 
 good Ufe to give a Confiftency and Precedence,, by giving Name to it, viz. 
 
 ^ *-\ i /- *-t i f i r >.T _^i_i__j -r-. # i 1 i f* .v c 
 
 . 
 
 'Body teGlafs, The SandW Nettlebed, 
 winch is naturally the whiteft, hath been 
 tried with Succcfs at tho Glafs-houfe at 
 H^.'/r-y ; an.d this being by much the ftneft^ 
 if it were wafhed and cleanfed, would at 
 leafr equal that, and perhaps would prove 
 as good a Tarfo as any brought hither 
 
 'from Fr&ni-p t or is ufed in Italy. 
 
 Sqvali life, a Village of no Note, 
 Irr for the Gift of John Buckingham, 
 
 Bloxham, once, doubtlefs, the chief 
 Town of it. This Manor,, in King 
 William the Conqueror's Survey is re- 
 corded, as a Part of the great Eftate of" 
 Edwin Earl of Mercla. He was provo- 
 ked by the unkind Ufage of the Nor- 
 mans-, to break out into an Infurre&ipn, 
 wherein he had not only his Brother. 
 JtMcrkar, and Blidon King of Wales, his. 
 Afliftants, but the Prayers of the Secu- 
 
 v. 
 
 Bill op of Lir.colv, who, in 1388, con- lar Clergy, Monks, and Poor; but be- 
 vcyed the Advowfon of the Church ing betrayed by three of his Captains-, 
 here to Nt<w Cafoge, and" impowered to the Normans, was flain fighting^ and 
 
 his Eftate fell into the Conqueror's. 
 Hands ; it remained in the Crown, fo 
 far as we can undcrftand, till the Reign, 
 of King Henry III. when Almaric de St. 
 Amard obtained of that Prince, Reg. 1 6", 
 a Grant of this Man or of Bloxham, which 
 he left to his Son Guy de St. Amaud, in 
 
 Society to appropriate it to them 
 h LiUcrf'tiry in this County. 
 Va*iier.tov, a Village famous only for the 
 which Name and Family hath 
 flowiflicd there for many Generations, 
 of whom Peitr AHilwd, a very, ingeni- 
 ovs Mun^ became Kcotor of Cfayneys in 
 
 y.iuls, where he v'iH much Gcod among whofc Pofterity it continued, till Almeric 
 an ignorant People by his .found Do- de St. Amard, dying without- an Heir 
 and was buried in the Chancel of Male, this Inflate paiTed to Gerard
 
 XFO R T> S JJI R 
 
 his eldcft Daughter's San, by one 
 of \vhofc Cofins and Heir";, Elizabeth, 
 this Manor came by Marriage to William 
 Beauchamp, in v/hofe Defcendant Roger 
 de Beaucbawp, we find this. Manor, 3 
 Rub. z. but know no more of it. The 
 Parfcnage ofBhxham, lute Parcel of the 
 Revenues of the Monaftery of Godflow in 
 this County, was fettled by King Ed- 
 u>ard t Reg. i. upon Eaton College, in the 
 County of Bucks. 
 
 The Cuftom of hiring Servants, \vhich 
 is obfevved about Banbury, (where we 
 have mentioned it) is allo kept up at 
 Bhxbam, and is here called The Statute. 
 
 Adderbury. This Manor we fuppofe 
 alfo to be a Part of the above-mention- 
 ed Earl "Edwin's Eltate ; and to be re- 
 recorded in Dome (eta y-Book, by the 
 Name of Edlttrgebury, now corrupted 
 into Adderlury, as Blorfojhant is into 
 Bloxham ', and afrer Earl Ed-wins Death, 
 to have pafled with Bloxham to the 
 Crown ; and from it to Almaric de St. 
 Amand, in whofe laft Heir Male we find 
 it joined, and confequenrly parting 
 with it to one or other of his Female 
 Heirs, tho' to which of them -we- can't 
 difcover. Mr. Rawl'ms, Vicar of this 
 Place, gave twenty Marks to a Gram- 
 mar-School in it, and charged the Pay- 
 ment of it upon an Eftate of his in Lin- 
 colnjhire, of which he made the Warden 
 and Fellows of New College Truftees, and 
 the Rcfidue of it to be difpofed of by 
 them to Artifts. 
 
 This Place, tho' but a fmall Village, 
 hath been honoured with the Title of a 
 Barony by King Charles I. who made 
 Henry Wilmot, only Son of Charley Wil- 
 mot, Vifcount of Athlon in Ireland, Lord 
 Wilmot of Adderlary in this County, 29 
 July 1644. This Henry was at that 
 Time Lieutenant General of the Horfe, 
 in his Majefty's Armies, raffed to with- 
 ftund the Parliament's Forces in Eng- 
 hind and Ireland*, and being famous, as 
 well for his fteady Loyalty to the Son 
 King Charles Hi as to his Father, as for 
 his miliiary Conduft, was by the for- 
 mer further created Earl of Rocbefler^ 
 13, Deecntb, 1651, and was fuccce-ded" by 
 
 his Son y<5&, who, i'his Time, was- fa- 
 mous for his Wit, and at his Death foJ? 
 his Repentance. At this Place is a Sore 
 of fpungy Chalk, which, tho-' it v/ill noc 
 (lake, yet is ufefal for Pointing, and 
 feems to bind the Stones of Walls vefy 
 well ; but that which is molt rernurkable- 
 here is the Quarries of Stone of the 
 teftaceous kind, which are thick fet with 
 Cockles, in their full Proportions. Some 
 of them are wonderfully chriftalliz.ed,. 
 and fo are beautiful to the Eye ; but are 
 not fo firmly cemented together, bur 
 that a Knock will loofen them, and make- 
 them leap from their Beds ; and many 
 of them being hollow, are filled with &t 
 brittle Spark. The Scone irfelf will noG 
 by any Means be brought to receive a. 
 Folifh, and upon that Account, 'tis fit 
 for nothing but to mend the Highways,, 
 unlefs the Owners .of fuch Quarries, 
 fhould think fit to bairn it into Lime r 
 of which it would make an excellent 
 Kind doubtlefs. 
 
 "Brcuehton, the Manor and Ertate of Sir 
 WhHam, Km. Son of Sir The* 
 mas Wickham, Knt. who gave it with 
 his Daughter Margaret in Marriage with> 
 Sir William Ftennes-, or Fines, Lord <S<ry, 
 who made it a Scat for himfelf and Po- 
 ftcrity. He had Summons to Parliament: 
 from 29 Hen. 6. to 9 Edward 4. inclu- 
 five; but tho' he left an Heir at Bron^>:- 
 ton, and his Pofterity for fomc Tirac- 
 flourifhed there, and were called Lords- 
 Say, yet none of them were fii'nmoncc.! 
 to Parliament, till Sir Rjcharei Ftacs ob- 
 tained from King jFame-s I. certain Let- 
 ters Patens, bearing Date y.Aug. fcy.*,v 
 I. 1602, at Hiimpton-Ccurt-, whereby was 
 granted and confirmed, the Name, Scilcj 
 Title, Degree, Dignity and Honour oi" 
 Baron of Say and Sekj to. him and to 
 the Heirs Males of his Body, he being 
 defcended in a right Line from J 'antes; 
 Fines, created Lord Say and Seh- at 
 St. Edmundsbury*, 3 Mar. 25- Hen. 6t~ 
 by Reafon that his Mother was the Si- 
 fter and Coheir of William fe y, dc- 
 fc?nded of the Barons Say. His Sn 
 William Fiennes was by the lame 
 creuid Vifcoiint Sap. and Sde, L
 
 "X F R *D S H I R E. 
 
 i6a4-> ' becaufc he had largely contribu- 
 ted towards the War in the Palatinate ; 
 but not being rewarded as he expe&cd, 
 he ficied with the difcontented Party, 
 and fomented the Rebellion againft 
 King Charles I. which being perceived, 
 the King gave him the Malterfhip of the 
 Court or Wards, and made him one of his 
 CPrivy Council ; but this did not content 
 him ; he was as ative in the Parliament 
 as ever againft the King's Caufe ; yet be- 
 ing one of the Commiflioners at the 
 Treaty at the Ifle of Wight, and voting, 
 3Phat the King's Anl'wers were a Ground 
 fufficient to proceed on for a Peace; he 
 was made Lord Privy Seal at the Refto- 
 ration of King Charles II. He died in 
 1662, and was buried here. His Pofte- 
 rity inherited the Title of Barons for a 
 few Succeflions ; but their Name and 
 Title is now extinft. Their Burial-place, 
 as well as their Seat, was in this Place 
 in the Church. 
 
 Hanivell, a Village not far from "Ban- 
 lury, where the Family of Cope hath flou- 
 ri/hed many Years in great and good 
 Efteem. The firft of the Name that 
 we read of, was Anthony Cope, Son of 
 William Cope, or Coope, of Banbury, Efq; 
 fome Time CotFerer to King Henry VII. 
 He was educated in Oriel College, and 
 having travelled in France, Germany and 
 ''Italy, where he vifited the Univerfities, 
 he became an accomplished Gentleman, 
 was knighted, and dying in 1551, was 
 buried in the Chancel of Hanivell, which 
 'tis probable was his Seat and Eftate. He 
 left an Heir, Ed-ward Cope, from whom 
 this Family is defcended. 
 
 The Patronage of the Living hath 
 been long in this Family ; for we find, 
 that in the later End of King James Ift's 
 Reign, or Beginning of King Charles I. 
 Sir Anthoy Cope being Lord of the Ma- 
 nor, and Patron of the Living, Mr. 
 Jokn Dcd the Decalogift, was recom- 
 mended to him by Dr. Chadtiprton, as a 
 worthy Perfon to fill the Living, and 
 obtained it, both Bifliop and People 
 equally confeming and approving his 
 Choice. He held the Living zo Years, 
 jxrcaching and catechizing with great 
 
 Conftancy and Diligence, and keeping 
 Hofpitality twice a Week. He removed 
 from hence to Fenny-compfon in Warivick- 
 jblre, and fi'om thence to Cannons-Afihy 
 in Northamptovjhire ; and laft to Faujley, in 
 the fame County where he died. 
 
 Mikomb. Dr. Plot here relates it, as 
 an Accident foraewhat extraordinary, in 
 the Growth of a Woman, that one 
 Philippa French, born here, at thirty-fix 
 Years of Age, and a married Woman, 
 having all her Parts proportionable, and 
 of good Sy merry, did yet want half an 
 Inch of a Yard in Height, which is 
 fomewhat lower than Manias Maximus, 
 or Marcus Tullius, who, as Varro reports, 
 were each but two Cubits high, i. e . a 
 Yard, and yet they were Gentlemen and 
 Knights of Rome, but a pretty deal higher 
 than Canopas, the Dwarf of Julia, Att- 
 gujlits's high Niece, who, as Pliny fays, 
 was but two Foot and four Inches high ; 
 but then he doth not tell us, that he was 
 at his full Growth, and ftreight. 
 
 Milton,vthere is a Sort of fpungy Earth, 
 which, tho' it will not flake, yet being 
 ulbd for pointing, feems to bind the 
 Stones of their Walls well. 
 
 Newton, or Newenton North, the Manor 
 and Demelhe of John Lord Legrave, who 
 having attended King Edward I. in the 
 Scottijb Wars, procured, a 8 Edtu. i. a 
 Charter of Free-warren in all his de- 
 mefne Lands in this Place. He died of 
 the Plague in Gafcoign, 18 Edw. ^. and 
 left all his Eftate to his Grandfon John, the 
 Son of Stephen, his eldeft Son deceafed. 
 
 Qkerton, or Attlkrington, is deferved- 
 ly famous for the Minifter of it, 
 Mr. Thomas Lydiat, whofe Father was 
 Lord of the Manor when he was born 
 there. He was a Perfon fo excellently 
 learned, that tho' he was envied by 
 Mr. Selden, and hated by Jofeph Scali- 
 ger, becaufe he was too hard for him in 
 his Writings; yet the no lefs learned 
 and judicious Bifhop Ujher, highly valu- 
 ed him, and by his Intereft got him this 
 Living, which he entred upon, Anno 
 \6l^, as did alfo the learned Men be- 
 yond Sea, who hearing how he and Mr. 
 were but poorly preferred, fa id, 
 
 The
 
 OXFO 
 
 H IR E. 
 
 391 
 
 deferved not fuch good den, Knt. to have the iStewarty of jit tiJK 
 Scholars, Vince they made no more of the faid Edward ^ mould come to full Age. 
 ^ The only Market-To wn in this Hun- 
 
 dred, is 
 
 Chifping^norton, in the Saxon Tongue 
 Ceapan-nepfcune, which Name fhews 
 it to have been certainly a Town of- 
 
 at length got his Li- j^ote in he Saxons Days ; for Ceapan 
 3 Okenon, where he li fignifies in their Language, emere, /. e. 
 
 them. He lived in this Reftory above 
 30 Years, till the Civil Wars brought 
 great Troubles upon him ; for he was 
 four times plundered by the Parliament 
 Forces, and at laft imprifoned in War- 
 wick Caftle ; but 
 berty, and went to 
 
 ved fome Time in a mean and poor to" buy or cheapen; and Vo the Name 
 Condition, till he died in 1646. He Chipping-norton implies, Market-Norton, or 
 published ten Treatifes, and left about tforton, where People ufually buy or 
 
 cheapen Wares. The Market is weekly 
 here on Wednefday, and Fair yearly, on 
 7 fab. It is a Corporation, governed by 
 10 Bailiffs, 
 
 two iiailitts, and fome fubaltern Officers ; 
 and hath a Court, which hath Power to 
 
 thirty-eight more in MSS. bound up in 
 twenty-two Volumes, kept for Rarities 
 in Hart-HaM. 
 
 Tadmerton, now divided into two Pa- 
 rimes, but probably but one, when this 
 
 Place was famous for its Caftle, which judge and determine all A&ions under 
 was a large round Building, and there- f our Pounds Value. In the Reign of 
 fore conjeSured by our Antiquaries to be King Edward I. it fent Burgeffes to Par- 
 a Work of the "Danes, caft up about the liament one Seffion, viz. Anno 30; and 
 Year 914, when they, in the Time of twice in King Edward' Hld's Reign, viz* 
 
 Annis 32, 33. but never fince, as far as 
 we can find. William Fitz-Alan of dun 
 was Lord of this Alanor, then called 
 Norton, 6 J-olon, and obtained a Charter 
 for a yearly Fair to be kept on his Lord- 
 
 Wroxton, whofe Parfonage with that of ftiip here. His Heir was John Fttz-AIan 
 Baldefcote, or Balfcot, being purchafcd of his Brother, who, 38 Hew. 3. obtained a 
 Sir Thomas' Pope by King Henry VIII. was Charter of Free- Warren in all his de- 
 
 mefne Lands here, and in other his 
 Manors in this County. How long this 
 Town and Manor remained in this * Fa- 
 mily (who were after Earls of Arundel} 
 we have no particular Account; but find, 
 that in the Reign of KingHewry VI. it was 
 theEftate of the Earls of Oxford, of whom 
 John Earl of Oxford, adhering to the 
 Lancastrian Title to the Crown, was, af- 
 
 in 
 
 King Edward Sen. "being grown ftrong 
 and numerous, came forth from North- 
 ampton and Leicefter, and made great 
 Slaughter of the Englijb Sanns in thefe 
 Parts. 
 
 fettled by that King upon his new-built 
 College Chrijl'Churcb, in Oxford; to- which,- 
 as we fuppofe, they Hill belong. 
 
 IV. CADLINTOV, or CHADLIN- 
 T o N Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred borders Ea ft ward upon the 
 Hundred ofWotton; on the North, upon 
 the Hundred of Bloxham ; on the Weft, 
 upon Part ofWarwiikJbire and Glocejterjlnre ; 
 
 ter the Vitory of King Edward IV. in 
 "Barvet-feld, taken and imbrifoned , and'. 
 
 and on the South, upon the Hundred of his great Eftate being forfeited to the 
 
 Bamptox. It is one of the 
 
 largeft Hun- 
 
 Crown, was given by that Prince to hU 
 
 dreds in this County. The Fee of this Brother Richard Duke of Glocefler (after- 
 
 Hundred was in Gilbert dt Clare, Earl of 
 Gkcejter and Hereford, Son of Earl Gil- 
 bert and Joan of Acres ^ i^.Ediv. I. but 
 in ipHe??. VII. was in the Crown, by 
 Rcalbn of the Minority of Edward, Son, 
 and Heir of Ifabel, late Wife of George 
 Duke of Clarence ; and was granted by 
 that King to Sir William Norrts of Xaten- 
 
 ward King Richard III.) when he was 
 conftituted Lord High Admiral of En- 
 gland, &c. for the better Support of his 
 Dignity ; and among other Eftates, this 
 Town and Manor, and 'tis probabia- 
 with him, pafled to the Crown after- 
 wards. 
 
 Within,
 
 O.XFO R <D SHIR JE. 
 
 Within or near this Pariili of Cbipping- 
 Ncrton, is that ancient Monument, com- 
 jjoled of certain huge Stones placed in 
 -H Circle, which the common People call 
 Rotte-ridi-ftonesi and have a Tradition, 
 that they were at firft Men, turned mi- 
 raculovtfly into Stones. The liighcft of 
 them all, which ftands out of the Ring 
 towards the Eaft, they call the King, 
 fcecaiife they fay he iliould have been 
 King of England t if he could have feen 
 Long-Compton, a little Town hard by, 
 which may be feen a few Steps farther. 
 The five larger Srones on the other Side, 
 which touch one another, they imagine 
 to have been Knights mounted on Horfe- 
 back, and all the reft common Soldiers ; 
 but vulgar Fables are not much to be 
 regarded, much lefs depended on : we 
 will fee what the Learned fay to it. 
 
 Mr. Cambden's Opinion is, That this 
 Monument was raifed in Memory of 
 Ibme Vi&ory here obtained, perhaps by 
 Hollo the Dane, who afterwards poffeflcd 
 himfelf of Normandy. For at the fame 
 Time, when he, with his Dana and 
 Ncrmans, infefted England, we read, that 
 the Danes and Saxons had a Fight at 
 lloclnorton, and another Engagement at 
 Scierftane inHuiccia, which betakes for that 
 great boundary Stone that ftands hard 
 by, and divides four Counties or Shires ; 
 for the Saxon Word Sclerftane doth plain- 
 ly intimate fo much. 
 
 Dr. Plot fecms to allow, that this Mo- 
 nument might be erected by Rollo the 
 Daw, or rather Norwegian; but by no 
 Means before he poflcfled himfelf of 
 Normandy ; for that was done in the Days 
 of King Alfred, Anno 876; and therefore 
 he rather thinks that he erefted them 
 fccond Expedition made into 
 upon the Call of King JEtbel- 
 fran, to aflilt him againft fome potent 
 .Rebels, who had taken up Arms againft 
 rtim, whom having conquered, and 
 brought into SnbjeSion to their Prince, 
 and perhaps flain the Perfon dcfigned 
 to be their King, (which he was indu- 
 ced by fome Prophe/y to think he mould 
 be perhaps, if he could have feen Long- 
 Ccmpton') might erc& this Monument in 
 
 upon 
 
 Memory of the Fat ; the great dingle 
 Stone reprefenting the King ; the five 
 Stones by them Selves, his chief Captains, 
 and the Circle, the mixt Multitude flain 
 in the Battle ; which is fomcwhat agree- 
 able to the Tradition concerning them. 
 But the Author of the Additions toCamb- 
 den, oppofeth this Conjecture as ground- 
 lefs, becaufe (as he fays) 'tis hardly to 
 be imagined, that Rollo could be of Age 
 to plunder England in 875, and make In- 
 curfions into Normandy in 876; and thai: 
 he iriould live to afli't King Athelftan, 
 who came not to the Crown till the Year 
 925 ; but fuppofing the Matter of Fa& 
 true, yet unlefs it appeared at the fame 
 Time, that there was fuch a Defeat gi- 
 ven io thefe Parts, there is nothing to 
 fupport the Conje&ure, but an Affinity 
 of Names. 
 
 But tho' Dr. Plot hath feemed to give 
 into Cambden's Opinion a little in refpefc 
 to his Learning, yet when he comes to 
 fpeak his own Thoughts, he fays, that 
 he can by no Means allow this Circle of 
 Stones, or the other by it, to be Sepul- 
 chral Monuments ; for had jhey been 
 any fuch Memorials, there would cer- 
 tainly have been either a Tumulus in the 
 Middle, or a Stone Altar, on which to 
 offer Sacrifices in Memory of the Dead, 
 at the Place of their Burial, if Heathen ; 
 or a Crofs, or fomething of that kind, 
 if Chriftian. But neither of thefe Marks, 
 nor any other, are found in or near this 
 Circle, which makes it at leaft probable, 
 that it was not cre&ed in Memory of 
 the Dead buried there, which is con- 
 firmed alfo by an Experiment of Ralph 
 Sheldon of Beoiy, Efq; who, being defi- 
 rous to promote the Dcfign of knowing 
 upon what Occafion it was ereftcd, in- 
 duftrioufly dug in the Middle of it, to 
 fee whether he could find any Signs or 
 Marks, either \yho might crct it, or for 
 what Purpofe, as Bones, Coins, and the 
 like; but he could find no fuch Matter. 
 Nor will the DoGor allow it to be a 
 Place of Judicature, fuch as was ufcd in 
 the Northern Nations ; but tho* he in- 
 clines to the Opinion, that it Js a Tri- 
 umphal Pile, fet up for the Monument 
 
 cf
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 of Tome great Viftory ; yet he is perfwa- 
 ded that it might ferve alfo for the E- 
 leftiori and Inauguration of a King, part- 
 ly becaufe it is placed, i. Upon a rifing 
 Ground, for the Advantage of Profper, 
 that the common People might be Wit- 
 nefles of the Ele&ion. 2. It is made of 
 huge Stones, of no regular Form; and, 
 5. has no Epigraph or Inscription on the 
 Stones, to fliew theDefignment of them ; 
 and partly, but chiefly becaufe it is but 
 & fingle Circle of Stones without Epiftyles 
 or Architraves, and few of them very 
 high, (all but two, being not above four 
 Foot and half high, on which the E- 
 leftors might cafily get up to give their 
 Suffrages or Votes, as was ufually done 
 among the Northern Nations. Thefe 
 Places of Eleftion were fo facred, that 
 if a King fell in any foreign Expedition, 
 and a Succeflbr was prefently chofen in 
 the Field, the King fo chofen, was e- 
 fteemed but a Canditate till in Times of 
 Peace he had received his Inauguration 
 there, the Place and Ceremonies being 
 accounted eflential Parts of his Right to 
 his Sovereignty ; and the Votes of his 
 Electors much more valid and authentick, 
 for being pronounced in the ufual Forum. 
 The Do&or further adds, that it is very 
 likely that fuch an Erection of Stones 
 might be made at the Inveftiture of a 
 Conqueror intd a new acquired Principa- 
 lity ; and fo R0//0, after his good Suc- 
 cefs here againft the Saxons, might be 
 inaugurated within this Circle of Stones, 
 which bear his Name at this Day ; for 
 the "Word Reich or Riic, figniiying a 
 Kingdom or King, Rotfe-rich-ftones, arc 
 the fame as the Stones of King Rollo, or 
 rather Roth's Kingdom ; for it was cu- 
 ftoraary for the Northern People to have 
 fo many Circles of Stones 'as Kingdoms. 
 This Conje&ure may be confirmed by the 
 one Stone {landing by it felf at a little 
 Diftance from the Circle, which was pro- 
 bably the Kingftoleriy i. e. Seat, where the 
 King was crowned, and the five other 
 Stones meeting at a Point on the Top, 
 which Wormius fays, fignified, That 
 Kri^hts or Horfcmen there, or near 
 the Place, gained a glorious Vi&ory. 
 
 39$ 
 
 Next to this Market-Town, we fhall 
 place, as its due, becaufe it gives Nainu 
 to the Hundred. 
 
 Chadlingtox, now indeed an inconfide- 
 rable Village, but the principal Place 
 in the Hundred, doubtlefs, when the 
 County was divided into Hundreds. This 
 Manor was the Eftate and Dcmelhe of 
 J-ohn de Handloiv, 32 Edw. i. who having 
 married Maud, the Heir of Edward Lord 
 Burnel, inherited the Honour as well as 
 the Lands of his Wife, and was made 
 thereby Lord Eurnel. His Son and Heir 
 J-ohn de Handhw, procured a Charter of 
 Free Warren for all his demcfne Lands 
 here. This J-ohn left Edmund de H.wd- 
 lotv his Heir; but he dying before he 
 came of Age, left this Manor and his 
 other Eftates to Elizabeth, married to 
 Sir Edmund de la Pole, Knt. and Marga- 
 ret married to Gilbert d? Chajleleip ; but 
 we find not to which of them it fell upon, 
 the Partition. 
 
 Mr. John Wilfon, the moft noted Mu- 
 fician of England, and honoured with this 
 Encomium by the Univerfity of Oxford; 
 that he was, in the.ria B 1 praxi A'litfices 
 maxims peritus, had his Residence for 
 fome Time at Sir William Walter's in 
 this Place. He was made by King 
 Charles I. firft Gentleman of his Chapel, 
 and afterward his Mufician in ordinary, 
 in which Place he was bound continual- 
 ly to attend the King; but his Majefty 
 being ftript of his Authority and Reve- 
 nues, this Gentleman" loft all ; but at 
 laft was made Mufick ProfeiTor in Ox- 
 ford in 1656, which with fomc Contribu- 
 tions of the Royalifts, fupported him 
 till the Reftoration, when he obtained 
 his Places again, which he held till he 
 died, 13 Feb. 1673. 
 
 Afcoty or Afcote, a finall Village fitu- 
 ate upon the Evanlcde on the Southern 
 Banks. The Manor of this Place was 
 Part of the Eftate of the Le de Spenfers, 
 ~Ea.r\soWirJcheJler ; but being fallen to rhc 
 Crown by the Attainder" of Hugh de 
 Spenfer, Thomas de Brotberfon Eai 1 of 
 Norfolk, and fifth Son of King Edward I. 
 obtained a Grant of a thoufand Marks 
 out of this Manor of Afcote^ and other 
 D d d Lord-
 
 XFO R 2) S HIRJ2. 
 
 l.ordmips in this and other Counties, 
 which had been lately the faid Hugh le 
 Defpenfers. 
 
 Bould, an Hamlet in the Parifli of Id- 
 bury, where are found Spring-waters of 
 a fulphureous Smell, that will not take 
 Soap, and yet turn Milk, in the Lands 
 of one Mr. Logman, a Gentleman curious 
 in Trials of this Nature. Thefe Waters 
 tinge red with Powder of Galls, but with 
 ^Spirit of Urine turn white ; from hence 
 it is to be fufpe&ed, that, among other 
 Ingredients, there is fomething of Alum, 
 for Vitriol and Alum are fometimcs 
 found together, as in the CliiF near 
 Scarborough Spaiv, and in Sweden. 
 
 Bntern, or Brueze, a fmall Village, 
 famous for the Monaftery there, of 
 which we fhall treat at large in our Ec- 
 clefiaftical Hiftory. 
 
 Cbajtlet^n, not far from which is a For- 
 tification or Barrow caft up by the 
 Danes, about the Year 1016, at which 
 Time King Edmund, firnamed Ircnjlde, 
 met Canutus the Danifo King hereabout, 
 and defeated him, afrcr a long and 
 bloody Battle fought at a Place near, 
 uir.. at Sarefden, (Rromptonkys at Seorjlan, 
 Fkrence of Worcejler, Scearjfan and Worml- 
 tis, Sejeflan from Sejer, ViSory and Stan- 
 fione} in He win J? la or Hulccla, I. e, PVor- 
 tefterjlnre* Dr. Plot believes it with 
 Ciinibcn, to be the four Shire-Stone not 
 far off, which parts four Counties, of 
 which Worcefterfiire is one. But the Au- 
 thor of the Additions to Cambden much 
 difapprovcs of this Conje&ure, becaufe 
 the old Scearftan, where the Battle was 
 fought, is proved by him to be in Wllt- 
 jhire. 
 
 Enfion, or Neat-Enftcn. where ftands a 
 Stone, about half a Mile South-Weft 
 from the Church, on the Bank by the 
 Way- fide going to Fulwtll, the adjoin- 
 ine Village, fomewhat fiat and tapering 
 upward from a broad Bottom, with other 
 fmall ones lying by it, which were (as 
 ir.ay be fuppofcd) ere&cd as Monuments 
 for Ibinc Britains or Saxons flain here- 
 about ; unlels we may rather think that 
 they were fome of the Gods of the an- 
 cient Britains , as Dr. StMlngftet guefles, 
 
 that the Pyramidal Stones in 
 called the "Devil's Bilts, were, and Stone- 
 hevg in Wiltjhlre, which he judge? to 
 have been Ibmething belonging to the 
 Idol Markolis, which Buxtorf fays the 
 Rabbins call D^Vfp JTD * * tne Houfe 
 of Colts. Lex. Taim. 
 
 The Living here is a Vicarage, and 
 the Vicar hath aPenfionof o/. 145. $d. 
 Out of the Parfonage allotted, ever fince 
 it was fettled upon the Priory of St. 
 Fridefaide, Oxford, in whofe Poueflion it 
 was found at the Diflblution of the Ab- 
 bies ; but then being feized by King 
 Henry VIII. was given to his new ere&ed 
 College Chrijl- Church, in the fame Place, 
 which hath it now, as we fiappole. 
 
 Dr. Fuller, in his Worthies, p. 527. 
 fpeaks here of a wonderful Piece of In- 
 genuity performed hereby Thomas Bttjbell, 
 Efq; fometime Servant to Francis Bacon, 
 Lord Verulam, who intermingled Art 
 and Nature fo clofely together, that Art 
 in fome fort, might feem natural, and 
 Nature artificial, viz. He here fet 
 Hedges of full Growth, and made them 
 thrive fo well, that in Places where 
 there was no Plants in the former, the 
 following Year found Trees grown to 
 their full Perfeftion ; and of this Sort 
 he performed fo many Feati, .that a 
 melancholy Mind might feaft it felf to a 
 Surfeit with Variety of Entertainments 
 on Rarities of that Nature ; and, among 
 others, the Water-works, which lurpals 
 all in this County, if not thofe in others, 
 began and contrived by Mr. Bnpsll in 
 this Manner. This Gentleman cleanfing 
 a Spring, called Goldwell, that was 
 quite overgrown with Briars and Bu/hes, 
 to put a Ciftern there for his own 
 drinking, met with a Rock, which he 
 thought very capable of Improvement ; 
 and thereupon made Cifterns, and laid 
 divers Pipes, and built a Banquetting- 
 houfc over it; to which having added 
 Walks, a Grove, and orher ingenious 
 Decorations, he entertained the King 
 and Queen in it in 1636, to their great 
 Satisfaction , fo that the Queen gave it 
 the Name of HENRIETTA. This 
 Stru&ure, and all its artful Contrivan- 
 ces
 
 XFO RT> S III RE. 
 
 395 
 
 ccs were kept up, till the Wars came moft anciently the Barony of the D'Oy- 
 on, when it was wholly neglc&ed and 7y, an honourable and ancient Family 
 almoft ruined ; but at length coming in- in Normandy. The firft of this Naitw 
 
 to the Hands of Edward Henry Earl of came in with the Conqueror, and was 
 
 LitcbfeM, Lord of the Manor, he not named Robert D 'Oily; he, for his great 
 
 only repaired the broken Ciftern and " 
 Pipes, but made fuch fair Additions in 
 
 a fmall Ifland, fituate in the Rivulet 
 
 Service in that Expedition, was re- 
 warded by King Wiiliam with this Ma- 
 nor, and many other Lands. This Part 
 
 that runs by it, juft before the Banquet- was afterwards the Barony of S. Walery. 
 ting-houfe fet over the Rock, as make But Robert dcceafing without Iflue Male, 
 the Water-works very admirable. The his Brother Nigel fucceeded him in his 
 
 high, 
 
 Eftate, and left Robert his Son and Heir. 
 This Robert was the Founder of the Ab- 
 bey of Ofney, to which his Son and Hdr 
 Henry gave for the Souls of Robert his 
 Father, Gilbert his Brother, and all his 
 Anceftors, certain Lands called Prejl- 
 Water feld in this Parifli, and anciently be- 
 Rock. longing to the Church here ; and con- 
 firmed to it two Hides of Land more 
 lying in this Lord/hip, bcftowed on it 
 by Robert his Father. He had his chief 
 Seat in this Place, the Head of his Ba- 
 rony, and was buried in the Abbey of 
 Ofney. His Son Henry was the lull Heir 
 
 bein'g let in with the Water, a Noife is Male of the D'Oilyes, and he having no 
 made by Something refembling the Notes IfTue, this Eftafe came to Margery his 
 of a Nightingale ; and by others, a Sound Sifter, who married H?nry de N;<wburgb t 
 like that of a Drum. (7.) A Chequer- Earl of Warw'uk; after whom it became-, 
 hedge, 3 Columns, a Canopy, and fe- in the Reign of King Henry III. the E- 
 veral arched Spouts of Water, which ftate of Thomas de Newburgh, Earl of 
 make a wonderful Diver- Warwick, who dying Anno R>g. z6. the 
 
 natural Rock is ten Feet high, and the 
 artificial Additions make it fourteen. It 
 is covered with living Water-herbs. The 
 Water- works are, (i.) A Canopy of Wa- 
 ter call over the Rock, (z.) A Column 
 of Water rifing about 14 Foot, dcfigned 
 to tols a Ball. (3.) Streams of 
 from .50 Pipes fet round the 
 (4.) 3 Spouts ufed occafionally. (5.) A 
 Stone- Ciftern filled with five Spouts of 
 Water coming from a brafsBall, in which 
 a fmall Spaniel hunts a Duck, both di- 
 ving after one another. (6 ) Some of 
 the Pipes are lb contrived, that the Air 
 
 m 1 . -1-t TTT . %.T t* 
 
 altogether 
 (ion. 
 
 Fulbrooke, the Demefne and Eftate of 
 Hugh Je Defpenfsr, Earl of Winclejhr, the 
 Elder; but being feized by King Ed- 
 ward III. upon the Downfall of this Fa- 
 mily, was given, for Life, to Maurice 
 Lord Berkely, with divers other Lands in 
 this County, for his eminent Parts and 
 Services, 6 Edw. 3. After his Deceafe 
 this Manor reverted to the Crown, and 
 was in King Edward IVth's Days given 
 to Edward Lord Brooke, who having been 
 long a Favourer of the fork Title to 
 the Throne, died pofleflcd of this Ma- 
 nor and others in this County, leaving 
 them to his Son and Heir, J-obn Lord 
 Eroo k. 
 
 Ilokenorton, cr Hoclnorton, which Flo- 
 rence of Worcester calls Villa. Regia, i. e. a 
 Royal Village. The Manor here was 
 
 King afligned this Manor to Ida, the 
 Daughter of William Longejj>c t Earl of 
 Salisbury, his Relit, for her Dowry. 
 Earl 1boma\ left no Iflue ; whereupon 
 the Inheritance of this great Earldom 
 descended to Margery his Sifter, who be- 
 came firft the Wire of jf&m jMarefcba' t 
 Brother of William Marefihal, Earl if 
 Pembroke', and after, by the Ipecial Com- 
 mand of that King, Reg. 28. of John de 
 Plejfets, one of his Servants, in particu- 
 lar Favour with him. She brought 
 \vith her into his Family this and divers 
 other Manors in this and other Councies, 
 which being fettled upon him for Life, 
 in cafe he fhould furyivc her, under 
 the Name, of Hogenarton, were inherited 
 by his Sen Hugh de Pleffets, who, doing 
 his Homage, had Livery given him of 
 this Mai or, then held of the King by 
 
 D d d a 
 
 Barony,
 
 39 6 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Barony, by the Name of Okenorton ; and Sieve. This laft Sort ferves for whetting 
 48 Hen. 3. paid a Fine of an Hundred - Sithes, and the finer Sort for fcouring 
 Pounds for a Relief for this Manor of Pewter; for which Ufe it is fo very 
 Okerorton and Kiddiington. He left Hugh proper and excellent, that the Retailers 
 tie Plcffets, his Son and Heir, who en- of it Fell it for a Penny a Pound, which 
 a2cci this Lordfhip of Hogenarton to amounts to near 20 j. a Bufhel. 
 King Edward I. for the Performance of Langhy^ a Village upon the Edge of 
 an Agreement with that King for the the Foreft of Whichwocd, anciently the 
 Manors of Hedirdon, Compton, &c. to be Manor and Demefne of the Nevils, Earls 
 held by him for Life. of Warwick, of which Family Ifabel be- 
 
 But this Place is chiefly famous for ing the Hcirefs, after the Death of her 
 the fatal Slaughter of the Eriglifr, under Father in Baruet Field, was married to 
 Edward the Elder, in a Fight with the George Duke of Clarence, Brother of King 
 Dares. Florence of Worcester makes this Edward IV. and furviving him, left it to 
 Battle to have been in the Year 914, Edward, her Son and Heir by that Duke, 
 cantrary to Brompton and .Huntington, who He being in his Minority, this Manor, 
 tell us, that it was fought in 911, and with his other Eftate, was in the Hands 
 the Saxon Chronicle, which placeth it in of King Henry VII. who granted the Cu- 
 917. The Barrows of Tadmerton and ftody of if, and the Stewardfhip of his 
 Hocktcrtcn were at this Time moft proba- other Eftate in this County, to Sir 
 hly CJ.ft up; Tadmerton being a -great William Norris of TCatenden, Knt. who 
 .round one, by the "Danes, and that here being a Perfon learned in the Laws, had 
 being fmaller, and rather quadrangular divers Emoluments beftowed on him by 
 than fquare, by the Saxons, that King, and others, particularly 
 
 Idbury. See Botild above. John Duke of Suffolk, pro lono conjtlio im- 
 
 Kidlingtcn, the Manor and Eftate of penfo & impendendo, i. e. for his good 
 5 f ot de Phffet;, Earl of Warwick, by his Advice given, and to be given. 
 Marriage with Margery de NeivLurgb, the Here, as Tradition hath delivered it 
 Heirefs of that Earldom, who died pof- down to us, the unhappy Prince, King 
 fefled of it, 47 Hen. 3. and left it with Join, had a Scat ; and perhaps, during 
 other Eftatcs to his Son and Heir, the Time of his Refidence here, might 
 Hugh de Pl</<t.'j who had Livery of it, indeed build the Caftle of Bampton, which 
 as Part of Ins Mother's Inheritance, held we are informed, by the like Tradition, 
 of the King by Barony the Ap'il follow- to be of his Foundation. But we will 
 inp; and the next Year paid an Hundred proceed to Things more certain: In a 
 Pounds for Relief for this Manor and Quarry here, in the Poffeflion of the 
 Hckevortoti above-mentioned; and his Son Earl of Clarendon, there is a very hard 
 engaged it with Hokendfton to King Ed- Stone of the teftaceous Kind, which is 
 ward I. as is there faid. ^ compofed -wholly of a clofe Union of 
 
 Kivglam, where is found a Sort of Cockles, fcarce any of them exceeding 
 Sard, v/hich, afier it is waflied, and du- a Peafe in Bignefs, and ftrcaked circu- 
 ly ordered, fo perfe&ly refembles Cal/s larly to the Hinges of the Valves. They 
 Surd, that is often fold for it. It is not are none of them hollow, but firmer 
 found in every Place ; but the People within, than they are to the Bed of 
 have Si^r.s (like Miners) to know where Stone where they lie ; and yet even to 
 ii is, */. where they meet with a Sort that they are fo clofcly knit, that the 
 cf S-tv.ft". almoft like rotten Wood, under Mafs receives a very good Polifh, info- 
 thc Turf, they fclcioru fail of the Sand a much that the Earl hath paved his new 
 little deeper, which,havingcleanfed from Chapel at Cornlury with it. The Stone 
 the Rubbifli and greater' Stones, they of this Quarry is thought to make the 
 wafti and lay it a ciryirg; and when beft Lime. 
 
 * -r is fufnciently done, they feparate Lineham, where is a Barrow of a round 
 1 j.j.d courfc Parts of it with a Figure, on which Account it is efteemed
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. $97 
 
 a Danijh Work, but upon what Occafion of Warwick Land. Alfo one Tenth in 
 it was made, we don't find. Between it this Place, which belonged to the M6- 
 and the Seat of the ancient Family of nafteryofSt. Fridefalde, afrer it came 
 the Lacys, called Pulilicot, there is a Paf- into King Henry VHIth's Hands at the 
 
 Difiblution, was given by that King to 
 
 given 
 
 his College of CbrlJl-Church, which he 
 founded at that Time. 
 
 At this Place, which at prefent bears 
 the Name of Shipton under fY&icbwodd 
 is a ferrugineous Spring, at an Inn here, 
 whofe < Sign is the Red Horfe, but fo 
 
 fage under Ground leading down to the 
 River Evanlode. 
 
 IMinfter- Lovel, at firft called only Min- 
 fter, being then the Eftate of Roger de 
 Cheney, (or de Caineto} who gave the 
 Tithes of it to the Monks of Einfram ', 
 but at length being fold to, and having 
 
 continued long in the Family of the Lo- weakly impregnated with the Mineral, 
 veh, it began to be called about the 
 Time of Henry IV. M'mfler-Lovel ; for 
 then we find John Lord Lovel dying pof- 
 fefled of this Manor under that Name, 
 which was called Minfler only in the 
 Days of his Great Grandfather, and Suc- 
 ceftors to him, as it continued ever af- 
 
 that'it fcarce tinges fenfibly with the 
 Powder of Galls, yet lays down a rufty 
 Sediment in great Quantities; and be : 
 canfe our Do&or hath met with the 
 like in other Places, he fays, it hath 
 begotten a Sufpicion in him, that this 
 rnfty Tin&ure may probably be the Ef- 
 
 ter. In the Family of Levels if continu- JZuvium of fome other Body different 
 
 ed, till Francis Lord Lovel joining with from the Chaliteate Kind ; becaufe, were 
 
 King Richard HI- in the Battle of Bof- it fo, the Salt of Mars would certainly 
 
 worth Field, was forced to fly, upon the difcover it felf, but in that he will not 
 
 to the 
 
 feiz,cd, 
 
 Acceffion of King Henry VII 
 Throne ; and his Eilatc being 
 this Manor with divers others was 
 
 be pofitive. 
 
 Sibtlorp, the Lordfiiip of Robert Lord 
 Hoo and Hajling, who, 20 Edw. I. ob- 
 
 ven to Jafyer Duke of Bedford, 'King - tained a Charter for free Warren in all 
 
 Henry Vlth's half Brother. 
 " Overy, a Chapelry, whofe Parfonage 
 being found to belong to the Monaftery 
 of St. Frldef-wlde, Oxford, was, at the Dif- 
 folution of the Abbies, fcized by King 
 HenVy VIII. and fettled on his new built 
 College Cbrijl- Church, there, as we fup- 
 pofe it ftill continues. 
 
 Shipton, or Shybton, the Demefne of the 
 Family of Zoitche, which failing in Alan 
 de Zouche, this Manor came upon the 
 Partition to his Daughter Maud* the 
 Wife of Robert de Poland, whofe Pofteri- 
 ty afterward became Earls qf Kent. In 
 this Family it continued a while ; but 
 was at length alienated to the Family 
 of L'iH//, who having forfeited their E- 
 ftate by liding with King Richard III. a- 
 gainft Henry VII. this Prince gave it, 
 with other Eftates, to Jafper Duke of 
 Bedford, to whofe Son Edward it de- 
 fcended. 
 
 King Edward VI. Reg. I. gave this 
 Manor, with divers other Eftates, to 
 Thomas Seimour, Lord Seiwour, High 
 Admiral of England, it having been Part 
 
 his Demefne-Lands here. 
 
 Speffesburgh, or Spille'sbttry, the Manor 
 of William Beatich.injp, Lord Abergavenny^ 
 who died polTefled of it, 12 Hen. 4. In 
 this Family we fuppofe it continued for 
 fome Time, bccaufe we find no Men- 
 tion of it, till King Henry Vllth's Reign, 
 when we obferve i: in that King's Hands 
 by the Death of Gijrge Duke of Clarence* 
 who left it to his Son Edward, then a 
 Minor ; and fo being in the King s Ward- 
 fhip, the Stewardfhip of this and fome 
 other Eftates of that young Lord', was 
 given to William Lord Norris, till he 
 came of Age. In this Church the Lees 
 of Dichely have a Vault under the North 
 Ifle, for a Burial-place of the Family, in 
 which Henry Earl of Rocbefltr, who died 
 at Dunkirk, was buried Anno {659. 
 
 This little Village hath the Honour 
 to give the Tide of Baron to Edward 
 Henry Lee of Ditchlcy, Bar. who was ere-, 
 ated-by King Charles II. Reg. ^6. 1674, 
 Baron Spillesbury, Vifcount ^uirendon, 
 and Earl of Licbfield. Thefe Honours 
 have ufually been the Rewards of fuch 
 
 Periods,
 
 39 
 
 S 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Perfons, as in War or Peace, have done 
 fome fignal Services for their King and 
 Countrey ; but this Gentleman being a 
 Perfon of a great Eftate, and good 
 
 Death, adhered firmly td his Son Ed- 
 ward, till he faw him on the Throne, 
 and died pofTcflcd of this Manor, and 
 fever a 1 other Eftates, which he left to 
 
 Hopes, his Majefty's Favours were be- his Son and Heir, Jdhn Lord Cobbam. 
 
 flowed on him, to encourage him to ex- 
 erthimfelfas much as poflible for the 
 Good of both. 
 
 The Parfonage of this Place, which 
 was Part of the Pofleflions of the Col- 
 
 Teynton, The Manor and Parfonage of 
 this Place, with all its Members and 
 Appercenances, late Parcel of the Re- 
 venues of the Abbey of Tetoksbttry in 
 Glocejlerjlnre, was, at the Diflblution of 
 
 lege of Warwick, coming by theDiflblu- that Abbey, given by King Henry VIII. 
 tion of the Religious Houfes, into King to Mr. Edward Herman, one of the Gen- 
 
 him 
 
 Henry VHlth's Hands, was by him fet- tlemen of the 
 tied on his new ercaed College Ckrijl- Reg- .$S. It is 
 Cfurch, Oxford, which now, as we iup- 
 -pofe, enjoys it. 
 
 Swarfcrd, the Manor and Eftate of 
 Jolm Lord Molin*, who being much in 
 Favour with King Edward III. obtained 
 of that Prince this Manor of Swyrford, 
 and in it the Privileges of Return of 
 Writs, Summons of the Exchequer, Fe 
 
 King's Privy Chamber^ 
 a Place remarkable 
 for divers Rarities of Nature. Here 
 alfo is an eminent Profpeft from an Hill ; 
 about a Mile from the Town North- 
 Eaft, may be feen ten Market-Towns 
 very clearly in a bright Day. 
 
 V. PLOUGH LEY Hundred. 
 
 lons Goods, Wayf," Stray, Gallows, &c. 
 Reg. 10. and afterwards a Liberty to 
 have a Court Leet, ami the Corre&ion 
 of Bread and Ale throughout his De- 
 mefne, Reg. n. Fiom this Family it 
 pafled to Robert Lord Htwgerford, whom 
 we find in Pofleflion of it, i Edw. 4. and 
 foon after it was in the Hards of John 
 Duke of Suffolk, out of which the faU 
 Duke gran ted Sir William Norr'n of Taten- 
 don, Knt. an Annuity of 20 Marks for 
 liis Advice, he being a Lawyer of good 
 Judgment and Experience. About this 
 Place are found the After u, or Star- 
 Hones, of the fame Colour, but neither 
 Ib plentiful, nor large, as thole at Cley- 
 dm ', but in all other Refpects cor- 
 rclponding with them, only the Conju- 
 gations made by the Prominence of fome 
 Joints beyond the reft, are more vifiblc 
 in tlicfe than thofe at Cl a ydon. 
 
 Swinbrook, the Domefne of Sir Ed-iv,ird 
 "Brooke of Cobham, afterward Lord Co!>- 
 t>*tn. He was one of thofe that favoured 
 the Title of Richard Duke of York, and 
 fided with the Earls of Salisbury and 
 lV*r--j;i<-k, toraifean Army, under' Pre- 
 tence of removing evil Counfcllors from 
 the King, but really to let the L/ukc on 
 the Throne i and after, the Duke's 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft, 
 with Part of &&cktKgb#jn1bire ; on the 
 
 North, with Part of Northamptonjhire ; 
 on the Well, with the Hundred of Wot- 
 ton ; and on the South, with the Hun- 
 dred of "Bullingtoti. Tiie Fee of this 
 Hundred is not difcovered by us to be 
 in any private Perfons Hands, and fo 
 we fuppofe it in the Crown, and under 
 the JurifdiHoii of the Sheriff. The on- 
 ly Market-Town in this Hundred is 
 
 Bttrcejler, or, as it is commonly cal- 
 led, Bicejler, or Eiffeter, in Saxon 
 
 Hupenc-arcen, and B"pnacertej), 
 
 /. e. 'Berencejler, or Berncefter, which feem 
 to have been its primitive Names. Some 
 have thought that it was raifed by, and 
 on that Account to have taken its Name 
 from, B'jThop Birinus, the Town being 
 Berini cnjlrwn, i. e. Birinus's Caftle, im- 
 plying it to be a Frontier-Garrifon of 
 the Weft Saxons againft the Mercians, 
 nitfed out of the Ruins of Alchejler, by 
 the Advice and AfiTiftance of Birinus, Bi- 
 fhop of Dorckejler. But Dr. Plot fays, 
 That he much rather believes it to be 
 fo called from Bern, a Wood or Foreft 
 mentioned by Bede, Worikgus and Wi- 
 fr-r enjis, upon the Edge of which it 
 was leuted, and is not now far from it. 
 
 After-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 399 
 
 Afterward it is probable it took the by Simon Wifdonre, an Alderman of the 
 
 Name of Burgefter from St. Eadburg, to Town ; but we have no other Ground 
 
 v/hom the Priory was anciently, and for this our Suppofition but this, That hs 
 
 the Church is ttill dedicated ; the is found to have given Conftitutions and 
 
 Change from Eadhurg-cejter to Burcejler, Orders for the Government of it, i^El^,. 
 
 for Brevity-fake, being e&fy. It it now Dr. Plot tells us, that one G;or^ Sher- 
 
 called Bicefier, or BiJ/eter. man, of this Place, hath a banifo Spur 
 
 The Demefne of this Place was early in his keeping, which he takes to be" an 
 
 in the Longefpes t fL*r\$ of Salisbury, and ancient Monument, evidencing that the 
 
 continued in that Family, till William Daneslwd fomewhat to do hereabouts, 
 
 Lad marrying Margaret, the Hcirefs of and particularly, that the Battle between 
 
 the latt William Longefpe, brought it into King JEthelred and his Brother Alfred 
 
 his Family. He left only a Daughter, on the one Part, and the Danes 0:1 the 
 
 Alice, for his Heir, who married to Tbo- other, was fought at Mtretune, or A/<?r- 
 
 Earl of Lancajier, Son and Heir fo ton, a Village hard by this Town. To- 
 
 Edmttnd Earl of Lancajler, Brother to wards the Weft of this Town we meet 
 King Edward I. this Manor, and other 
 Parts of her Inheritance going with her. 
 She out-lived the Earl, and in her Wi- 
 
 with tome Remains of a deferted old 
 
 Station, called 
 
 JUclxJler, which Mr. Cambden fuppofeth 
 
 dowhood parted with her whole Right to be put for Aldcbefler, which lignifics 
 in the Caftle of Donington, to King Ed- an old Caftle, or Town ; for there are 
 ward II* and gave her Manor of Swaton 
 in Lincoln foire, to the Canons of Bat-tings 
 
 {till vifible the Bounds of a quadrangular 
 Camp or Garrifon, tho' the Area or 
 
 in that County; "but afterwards Eubulo Site of it hath for a long Time been 
 Lcftrange married her, and by her Title Part of the common Field of Wendlebttry ; 
 -was called Earl of Lincoln, but never was but Dr. Plot feems rather to incline to 
 fummoned to Parliament as a Peer. He another Derivation of the Name from, 
 obtained of King Ed-ward III. Reg. 5. a Alleftus, the Roman Emperor, who ha- 
 Gra*nt to himfclf and Lady, (for fhe ving treacheroufly (lain his Friend and 
 took on her the Title of Countefs of Matter Caraufius, ufurped Britain to him- 
 Salislury and Lincdn) and to her Heirs, felf, and made this Place his Seat, gi- 
 this Manor and divers other Eftates, to ving it his own Name, viz. Ailecti ca- 
 hold by the Service of two Knights Fee; Jlrttm, or Allccfus's Cattle, fince abridg- 
 but they leaving no Heirs of their Bo- ed into Al.ejler ; and tho' this Re- 
 dies, we know not to whom her Eftate lation hath no Foundation in the Roman 
 defcended after her Death. Gilbert Baf- Story, yet he adds thus much for its 
 fet built a Monaftery on this Manor, Reputation, that the .Riman military 
 19 Hen. ^. dedicated to St. Eadburg, of high Ways lie agreeable to if. But a 
 which we fhall give an Account here- better Mark of the Antiquity of this 
 after. Place is its Situation upon the Rowan 
 As to the prefent State of the Town, confular Way, called Akemanjlrcet, which 
 in the Divifion of Kings End ftands a enters this County of Oxford in the Parilh 
 pleafant and convenient Seat of Mr. of Ambrcfden, where it afcends Black- 
 
 Jcbn &ker, who is now Lord of the Ma- 
 nor ; but moft of the Lands and Houfcs in 
 the Market-End are Part of the PoflTeflions 
 
 thorn-Hill, and pafling crofs Wrecbwic- 
 Green y extends to the North-fide of 
 Graven-bull Wood, over the Brook at 
 of Sir William Glinne, Bart, \vhofe bcauti- Langford, and fo leads clofe by the North 
 ful Seat is at Ambrofden, a Village two Bounds of this Place as far as Cbeflerton; 
 Miles diftant from it. The Market from whence it goes to Rrtlingtan Town's 
 there is weekly on Friday, and Fair End, and fo over the River Cherwzll 
 yearly on Here near Tackley, to Woodjlo:k Park, which it 
 
 j* a Free-School, fuppofed to be founded enters at m>ton-gate, and pafles out a- 
 
 gaia
 
 400 
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 gain at Maple ton-Well, near Stunsfeld laid fo crooked, clear different From 
 Stile; and all this Way it appears in a the other Raman Caufe-ways, we anfwer, 
 
 raifcd Bank. 
 
 But here it breaks off, (tho' ftill keep- 
 iflg its Name) and going over the Even- 
 lode to Wlhot, it pa fibs on to Ramfden, a 
 little beyond which Village, at a Place 
 called Witty green i it may be feen again 
 for a little Way; but from thence to 
 
 it was for the Convenience of taking Ox- 
 ford in the Way, as Occafion fhould 
 ferve; and accordingly we obferve a 
 Divertictilum, or By-road about Beckley, 
 pafling thro* Stow-tvccd to Oxford. 
 
 Befides this Branch out of Akeman- 
 jlreet, betwixt Alcefler and Wattingford, 
 
 Ajtatty, over A fall- bridge, and fo through leading to Oxford; there is another that 
 the Fields, till it comes to Brodivett-grove fcems defigned for a Paflage from AI- 
 it is fcarcevifible ; but there 'tis as plain cejler thither, of which there is a Part 
 as any where elfe, and from thence holds ftill remaining about Noke, whence it 
 a ftrait Courfe into G!oceJ}erJb* t re. Mr. pafles thro' the Fields to the purlue 
 'Cat/ibden tells us, that there is a military Grounds, where it cuts the Worker Road, 
 high Way, leading from WzlUr.gford to and fo goes to Drunbil, formerly a Part 
 Banhury, which the Neighbours fay, paf- of the Foreft of Stow-ivood, where, a- 
 feth thro' Aldcbefler, and they call it Ake- bout 40 Years fince, were found feveral 
 manjlreet, a Ridge whereof (as he 'adds) Roman Urns and Coins dug up, beyond 
 does ftill appear for fome Miles to^e- which none being able to trace, it is 
 the;-, on the deep Plains of Otmore, fuppofed to be laid out to avoid Ot- 
 which are often overflowed with Water ; more in the Winter, it being then for the 
 but that learned Antiquary was too eafi- moft Part under Water, and then joins 
 ly led by vulgar Opinion ; for tho' in- with the Way above-mentioned, from. 
 
 Wallingford to Oxford. 
 
 Ardley, where was a Caftle, the Foun- 
 dations whereof are ftill to be feen in a 
 little Wood, on the Weft-fide of the 
 v Towfi ; and if any Credit may be given 
 
 jlreet, tho' the People thereabouts call it to the Tradition of fhc Place, it flou- 
 fo ; but only a 1 Branch of it, or Road rifhed about the Time of King Stephen, 
 caft up by the Romans, to maintain an as is very probable ; for that King know- 
 Intercourfe between Alcejler and Calleva, ing his own Weaknefs, and being in 
 or JVaHin^ford, where they had a Garri- continual Fear of his Competitor Maud 
 ion. Part of this Way is indeed to be the Einprefs's Attempts, gave Leave to all 
 fccn a.t this Day, running crofs Otmore, his Subje&s to build themCaftles to defend 
 and leaving the Moor, pafleth under both him and them ; but he at laft find- 
 Beckley Park-Wall ; from whence it goes ing that they were ufed fometimes a- 
 on to, and may plainly be feen in the gainft himfelf, caufednolefs than eleven 
 Wood near Stackers, where it cuts the Hundred of them, new-built Caftles, to 
 Lo?;dcn Road to JVcrcrfier, and fo runs be rafed together ; which, no Doubt, is 
 plainly thro' the Fields to Stffffor&groVf', the Caufe that we find fo many Founda- 
 and thence over Bayard's watering Place tions of Caftles and ufelefs Trenches a- 
 
 d'eed there is an old Way, which fccms 
 to have led from WalUrgfcrd to Alcejler, 
 Part whereof is to be feen at this Day, 
 running quite crols Otmore ; yet it is not 
 by any Means to be thought Akeman- 
 
 towards H.idd'tKton Quarry- Pits, which 
 leaving on the Right, and Shotover-HUl 
 on the Left, it enters Mardxlen College 
 Coppices, over the Eaftern Par: ofEul- 
 JhglM-Green, by the t\vo Balden to Wnl- 
 Inrfprd, over the River at Benfinpton, 
 v.herc it is feen on the Weft fide of the 
 CJuiich, end is there called Mtdlars- 
 Bar.k. 
 
 bout them. 
 
 Bleclnngdon, Blechefdon, or BlecMon, if 
 :ill one Place, as we have Rcafon to 
 think they are, our Villare not diftin- 
 guilliing them, was the ancient Pof- 
 feffion of the Family of Poors, and after 
 of Gilbert D'Amorie, who left it to his 
 Son Nicholas, and he to his Son Richard, 
 
 If i: be asked, why this \Vy is whofe Widow Margaret had Part of this 
 
 Ma-
 
 XFO R Tf S H I R F. 
 
 for her Dowry ; but whether his that they gave -him the Character of 
 Heirs inherited it, we have not any In- Actttijflnius & Acerrimus. Coming into 
 formation yet. _ Archbifhop Abbot's Favour, upon the 
 
 The Impropriation and Church of this Account of his Worth, he was preferred 
 Parifh, which was ^efcheated to King by him to the RcStories of Lambeth and 
 Henry III. by way of Forfeiture incurred 
 by Richard and William Gravil, Brothers, 
 \yas given at Mr. Eglesfield's Requeft, who 
 was the Founder of .Queen's College, Ox- 
 ford, to the faid College, by King Ed- 
 ward III. Reg T 7. 
 
 In this Parifti of Blechingdon is dug 
 a Sort of Stone, not fo ufeful for the 
 
 ABon in Middle f ex In the Times of the 
 Rebellion he was a great Sufferer, not 
 only by the Lofs of his Livings, but long 
 Impriforimenf, in which he fell fick of a 
 Dropfy, of which he died in 1644. He 
 hath left behind him many Books, which 
 make good his Character, that he was 
 tarn fiudio qttam exercitio Theologus ir.fignh\ 
 
 Subftance as many others., but not infe- the Champion of the Proteftant Reli- 
 rior tomoft for the Ornaments of Build- gion, and Scourge of the Roman, &c. 
 ing ; 'tis a Sort of grey Marble, and is Cbejlerton, a fmall Village, within a 
 found in the Grounds of the Earl of Mile of Bijjl'ter, hath nothing to be ta.-. 
 Anglefey, who hath a noble Seat here, ken Notice of but the Seat of the Right 
 His Lordfhip hath feveral Chimney- Honourable Montague Venables Berty, Earl 
 pieces, and Pavements, well worth our of Abington. 
 
 Notice, made of it; as alfo hath the Feringford, Part of the Barofty of A-- 
 Earl of Clarendon at Cornbury. The Pil- J?r, which came into the Family of the 
 lars of the Portico's of St. jpohn's College Greys of Rotherjield, by the Marriage of 
 in Oxford, are built with it, yea, they 
 make of it of late Tables, Tomb- 
 ftones, and Alilftones for their Oil- 
 Mills ; but it is not fit for Corn-Mills, 
 becaufe, in rainy Weather, it it fubjeft 
 to Sweating like other Alarbles. . 
 
 In the Year \66^, there began an 
 
 Earthquake in this Town, and fo pafled 
 along by Bojlol, Horton, Stanton, St. John's, 
 and fo on towards Wkately. Not at ail 
 thefe Places, at the fame Time, but be- 
 ing firft at this Place, a good while be- ward III. Reg. 4. a Charter for free 
 fore it came to Stanton, nay, being ob- Warren in this and his other Lordfhips 
 ferved in the further Part of the "Earl's in this County. This Alanor continued 
 Garden, forrie ve'ry difcernable Time be- in this Family in the Male Line till 
 
 Robert de Grey with J^oan^ the Daughter 
 and Coheir of Robert de Arjij : Walter de 
 Grey was their Heir, and inherited this 
 Manor and other Eftatcs, which ftie had 
 brought into his Family. He held the fe 
 Eftates of the King, by the Service of 
 keeping Dover-CaJlle. His Son Jcfa de 
 Grey fucceeded him in the Enjoyment of 
 this Manor and the reft; and from him 
 it defcended to his Son and Heir of the 
 fame Name, who procured of King Ed~ 
 
 fore thofe in the Houfe took Notice 
 of it. 
 
 The famous Dr. Daniel Fairclougb, bet- 
 ter known by the Name of Featley, was 
 born in this Village. He was the Son of 
 
 in 
 
 ii Rich, ^. when the laft Robert de Grey 
 died, leaving a Widow Elizabeth, the 
 Daughter aha Coheir of William de la, 
 Plaanche of Havsrjham, in Btickivgham- 
 Jbire, who had the Moiety of this Ma- 
 
 Featley, Cook of Corpus . College ; nor for her Dowry; and one Daughter, 
 ut being a Youth of good Parts, became 
 a very learned Man, eminent for his 
 Skill in the Fathers, Councils and School- 
 a famous Difputant, and excel- 
 
 men 
 
 lent Preacher. JBeing Chaplain to Sir 
 Tho. Edmunds, who was fent Ambafl'ador 
 into France, he defended the Proteftant 
 Do&Jrines fo well againft the Sorbonlfts, 
 
 who was married to Sir 
 De'E'mcourt, and carried her Eftate into 
 his Family ; but having only Daug!i:er, 
 it was divided between the Lords Lc f j:l 
 and Cromwell, to whom they marr 
 ried. 
 
 Fmmere, or Finmore, the Demefne of 
 William Tucket, whofc Poftcrity afcer- 
 E. e e
 
 o XFO R <D SHIRE: 
 
 wards was Lords Dudley, Nicholas Lord 
 An-dley's Daughter and Heir having mar- 
 ried his Grandfon TJiomas Tuchet, 8 Ediv. 
 2. In the following Reign we find 
 Giles Lord Bedlefmire in -Pofleflion of this 
 Manor ; and dying without Heirs, his 
 Eftate was divided among his Sifters, 
 and this Manor came to his youngeft Si- 
 fter Elizabeth^ who, marrying to William 
 Bohun, Earl of Northampton^ brought it 
 into his Family, nE^cix^. from whom 
 it pafled to Roger Mortimer, as Heir of 
 the faid Elizabeth, 32 Ediu. $. The Pa- 
 tronage of the Church pafled with the 
 Manor all along. 
 
 Gadington, the Manor and Eftate of 
 William de Warren, Earl of Surrey, who 
 was poflefled of it, with many other E- 
 fiates in this and other Counties, when 
 the Conqueror's Survey was made. He 
 left it to his Son Witliam ; but how long 
 it remained in his Family, our Hiftories 
 do not difcover to ns. 
 
 Hardzvyke, the Demefne of Walter de 
 Grey of Rotberfield, given him by his Un- 
 ele Walter de Grey, Archbifhop of Tork, 
 with divers other Eftates in this and o- 
 ther Counties. His Pofterity inherited 
 it for many Generations; and his great 
 Grandfon John procured of King Ed- 
 ward III. a Charter of free Warren in 
 all his Demefnes here. He married 
 Jtvht, the Daughter of John Lord Mar- 
 xiion, and fhe furviving him, had, for 
 Part of her Dowry, this Manor, which, 
 upon her Death, fell to her Son and 
 Heir ; and from him pafied to his Son 
 Jtartholomew, and Grandfon Robert, whofc 
 Widow had it again for Part of her 
 Dowry ; and after her Dcceafe, it paf- 
 led with Feringford to her Daughter and 
 Heir Joan, as above. 
 
 Heath, a little Village, firuate on the 
 "North-fide of the Oufe, a little before 
 that River enters Northamptonshire. The 
 Manor moft anciently was Norman. Ajt 
 Ycrdon's Eftate, who/fe Father Bertram, 
 came into England with the Conqueror. 
 He married Lefceline, the Daugter of 
 Jeffrey de Clinton, Lord Chamberlain, and 
 Trcaiiircr to Kin# Henry, I. *Tis proba. 
 tic thr.t&e brought this Manor into his 
 
 Family, becaufe flie gave the Church of 
 this Parifii of Htath to the Canons of 
 Kenilworth in Warwid'jbire, and her Sort 
 Bertram Confirmed it to them ; but the 
 Manor continued in the Family for di- 
 vers Succeflions, till Iflue Male failing 
 in Theobald de Verdon. His Eftate, at his 
 Death, which happened 10 Ediv. 2. was 
 divided among his four Daughters, and 
 this Manor was given to Margery his third 
 Daughter, who was married vhrice ; but 
 to whom her Eftate defeended, we da 
 not find. 
 
 Heyford-PurceJ, & Manor To called from 
 the Purcells, or de Porcellis, a Family of 
 ancient Gentlemen, Lords of it. In this 
 Parifli happened an amazing Accident^ 
 not altogether a Stranger to Authors, but 
 fo here. There was a Child which cri- 
 ed very audibly in its Mother's Womb, 
 fbmetime before its Birth. How ic was 
 done, let Phyficians difpute, it is e- 
 nough for Hiftorians that the Matter o 
 Fat is true, which is put paft all Doubt 
 by many in the Town, who> were Wit- 
 nefles of it. The People indeed feared 
 a Prefage of Ruin to the Place and 
 Kingdom by it ; but alas groundlefly ;. 
 for really fuchaCrying portends Strength, 
 in the Infant, Comfort to* the- Mother 
 that the Infant is alive, and an able. 
 Subjeft to the State. The Ruin of all 
 thefe proceeds from our Vices. If any- 
 Thing fatal happens after fuch a Crying,, 
 it muft be imputed rather to Chance than 
 Nature. Take away Vice, and nothing 
 will hurt us. 
 
 Heyf^rd-Warine, fo called from Wartne 
 Fitzgerald, Chamberlain to King Henry II.. 
 who was Lord of it. His Pofterity enjoy- 
 ed it, till Iflue Male failing in Henry the 
 younger Son of Waring, this Manor, with 
 other Eftates, became vefted in his 
 Daughter and Heir, Alice, who married 
 Rohert de Lijle. and having Iflue by him,, 
 Warrine de Lijie, her Eftate was inherited 
 by his Family, and Robert de Lijle died" 
 poflefled of if, \6 Ediv. 3.. and 'tis like- 
 ly continued longer in that Family.. 
 They took their Nnme from the Ifle 
 of Ely.
 
 O XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Parifh was fettled 
 Upon Corpus Chriftl College, by Robert Mor- 
 dent, the fccond President of it, who 
 alfo gave it certain Lands at Cowley and 
 Hofpatb in this County. 
 
 IJlip, in Saxon '->i<;ht"rrepe, called 
 anciently Gbiftlipe, in the Pipe-Rolls of 
 King ifenry II. Hiltesleape, in a Charter 
 of the fame King's, Ilejlepe, and in a Pre- 
 fentarion of the Abbey of Weftminjler, 
 6 Hen. 3. Ightejlef. King Edward (whom 
 for his Piety and Chaftity, our Fore- 
 fathers honoured with the Title of Con- 
 feflbr) was born here, as is made evi- 
 dent by the original Charter of the Re- 
 ftoration of the Abbey of Weftminfter, 
 \vherein he gives to that Church the Town 
 of IJlip, with this additional Claufc (the 
 Place where I was born). Sir William 
 "Dugdale mentions nothing of this Char- 
 ter in his Monafllcon ', but of late, the 
 Saxon Copy of the greateft Part of it, 
 hath been difcovered by Dr. Rennet, now 
 Bimop of Peterborough, and is. intended to 
 be published, with other Inftruments re- 
 lating to the Antiquities of Ambrofden, 
 Burcefler, and fome other Pariflies of this 
 County. In this Charter this Town is 
 called Gy&rlep ' 
 
 But Dr. Plot thinks that there are as 
 good, or better Proofs of King ^Edward's 
 Birth here, than the foremen tioned 
 Charter, which is this: There remains 
 in it fome Footfteps of the ancient Palace, 
 and a Chapel, called the King's Chapel, 
 now put to profane Ufes, and the Town 
 dill belongs to the Church of Weftminjler, 
 which together put it out of Doubt; Tra- 
 dition it felf not being like to be erro- 
 neous in a Matter of this Nature, tho' 
 there were really no Charter at all to 
 prove the Thing, which yet we fee there 
 is. In the Chapel there flood, not many 
 Years fince, a Font, the very fame (as 
 h&s been conftantly delivered down to, 
 and received by Poftcrity) where the 
 faid Edward the Confeflbr was baptized, 
 his Father, King JEthelred, having a roy- 
 al Seat here at that Time, and residing 
 in it, which being, together with the 
 Chapel, put, in thefe later Times, to 
 fome indecent at leaft, if not profane 
 
 Ufc, was at laft pioufly refcued from it 
 by Mr. Brown of Nether Kiddinglori, and is 
 now or lately was fctin the Garden of Sir 
 Henry Brown, Bart, upon an handfome 
 Fedeftal, and adorned with a Poem ra- 
 ther pious than learned. 
 
 This King Edward was the firft, to 
 whom the Healing of the Struma or Scro- 
 fula, called from thence the King's Evif t 
 with a Touch of the Hand, was granted, 
 as a fpecial Favour of God to our Kings 
 and Kingdom, which has been tranfmit- 
 ted as an hereditary Gift to all his Suc- 
 ceflors, as hath been in all Times fincc 
 made manifcft by many undoubted Ex- 
 periments. The Manor of Touching for 
 this Diftemper is this: Prayers fui table to 
 the Occafion having been faid before, 
 the King touches all the Patients, and 
 then beftows upon each of them a Piece 
 of Angel-Gold, purpofely coined, and 
 put upon a white Ribbon, to be hung a- 
 bout their Necks, which, as long as it 
 is worn, preferves the Virtue of the 
 Touch, as leems plainly from hence, 
 that fome Pcrfons, who have left it off, 
 or carelcfly loft it, have relapfed into 
 the Difeafe again. Dr. Plot proves, that 
 this was the original Cuftom, from a 
 Piece of Gold found at Oxford, with 
 E. C. on it, and Holes for the Ribbon. 
 
 Ktrkllngton, or KertKitgton, the Manor 
 of jFohn de Humetz, Con liable of Norman- 
 dy, in the Reign of King John ; but he 
 taking Part with the rebellious Barons 
 again ft that King, his Lands were for- 
 feited to the Crown, and this Manor was 
 given by King Henry III. Reg. 10. to 
 Gilbert Lord Ba/et of Wycomb, then 
 made one of the King's Counfel. Ic con- 
 tinued ia this Family fome Succcflions ; 
 for Philip Lord Ba/et died poiTefied of it, 
 56 Hen. 3. How it was alienated from 
 the Family, we have no Account ; but 
 obfcrv'd that Thomas of Woodjtock, fixtli 
 Son of King Edward III. Duke of Glece- 
 fter, was found poflefled of it at his 
 Death, which happened 2.1 Rub. i. on 
 St. Bartholomew's Day, leaving Humphrey 
 his Heir, and feveral other Children. 
 This is what we find of this Manor in 
 Sir William Dvgdale's Baronage ; but Dr. 
 E e e &
 
 44 
 
 O XFO 2) SHIR E. 
 
 "Plot tells us, That this Manor was a for the Sake of the Lords Lwel, whofe 
 Part of the Pofleffions of the Crown, till Inheritance ir was; and beingjhe King's 
 it -was given to Henry, Son of Edmund Lieutenant, very likely, in thefe Pares, 
 
 CroucUack, Earl of Lancpfisr, and Father might be allowed to reckon their own- 
 to Henry the Firft Duke of Lancajtzr, by Ertate here, being within their Jurikiic- 
 vvhofe Daughter and fole Heir Blanch, tion, ..as-Part-of OxforJjlire. This Reafon, 
 it came to Join of Gaunt, Earl of Rich- the Dp&or believes, i> fufncient to fa- 
 mond, and afterwards, iu her Right, Duke tisfy about all other Parjflic., thus pla- 
 of Lancaffr. While it was in their Pof- ced out of. the Bodies of fuch Counties 
 fcGion, it enjoyed great Privileges, viz* as they belong to, according to the Cu- 
 being free (as the Words of the old . ftom of Gevtnany, as reported b r Dr. 
 Charter run) a Telcvio, p-tfagio, Ixjtagio,. , Stanley, That all the PojfTeffions of the 
 facagio, fiallag'to, tailagio, tollagio, rarvTCgio^. Houfe of Auftria, are accounted as of that. 
 & terragio per totum Regnant, Privileges . Circle, let them lie in whatever other 
 both out of Uie and Knowledge at this Circle, and at never fo great Diftance. 
 Time, but in thofe Days highly va- C 2 ) For the ftately Walks'bf Firs, moft 
 
 of them twenty Yards .high, at St. Peter 
 On the Account of this Eminency.juid : fVentworthy'-s in this ParifTh. 
 Deputation of the Place, Dr. Plot is of Dr. Robert Groflhead, Bimop of Lincoln, 
 Opinion, that the great Council held a- haying complained of the great Grievance 
 
 __ 1 /* * 1 1_ TT7"' /* ^ 1 A ' V 
 
 bout the Year 9 7 7, and faid by Wigorni- 
 enfs to be met at Klrtlinese, at which 
 vere prefent King Edward the Martyr, 
 St. Dunflan, Archbi/liop of Canterbu- 
 
 of the Appropriations of Churches to 
 the Pope and his Cardinals, aflembled 
 in the Council of Lyons, calling it a Thing 
 prodigionfly wicked, and defaruftive of 
 
 and Sedemannus, Bifhop of Crediton, the chief Office of Chrift upon Earth, 
 d, WAS celebrated in this ?4ace. Sir which was to feed his Flock, & c . as foon 
 llezry Salman (Cenal. Tom, I.:, p. 4.9 J-) as he returned, did all that lay in his 
 judgeth the Place of their Meeting to be Power to remedy it in his Diocefe ; and 
 at. Katlaje in Cambridgeshire ; but the to that End confolidated the Vicarage 
 D.oftor is pofitive that it was here, not with the Reftory in very many Churches, 
 oply becaufe the Name is the fame al- and among them the Retory and Vica-! 
 moft : .with fVigcrHiev/is's, but becaufe of the rage of this Parifli of Lillingjlon. 
 only Conftitution made by it, viz> That Meddlinton, or Middleton-Stony, the Ma- 
 it ihould be lawful for the country Peo- norandEftate of the L.cngefpes, Earls of 
 pie to go in Pilgrimage to St. Mary of Salisbury, till Iflue Male falling, Marga- 
 AViYigion, a Thirg no ways probable to vet the fole Daughter and Heir carried > 
 to be J defired by the People of Cambridge- ir, with many other large Eftates, to, 
 fiire, fo far diftant from it, but very like- Henry de Lacy, Earl <^f Lincoln, by her 
 Jy to be covered by the People of this Intermarriage with him. This Henry be- 
 .Shire, which lies ib near it, and among ing highly.in Favour with KingEdiuard I. 
 
 whom her Fame was To great. 
 
 among many other Advantages and Pri- 
 
 Level, a Village remarkable, vileges, obtained a Grant of that Kin 
 
 (i.) for its Situation, five Miles within 
 Buckingham foire, and yet belonging to this 
 Hundred and Cointy ; as. on the other 
 
 of a fpecial Charter for a Market an 
 Fair to be held upon this Lordfliip, viz 
 the Market on Monday weekly, and the 
 
 y, 
 
 Side feveral Parifhes within the Borders Fair on the Eve and Day of St. Thomas 
 
 of this Shire belong- to Barkjlnre, P t mk- the Martyr, yearly; but the Market 
 
 inifamjh'rre, and .Woriefterfrire. Hovv this hath been long difcontinued, and \ve are 
 
 eoHMa to paf. : j, we have. little Certainty; not certain but the Fair may be fo tco> 
 
 but the Addition of Lwd beirg mad & to tho' Fairs .have held.longeft in the Pla- 
 
 ^r, Dr. Pld Jays, that in all Probability ces where once Markets were eftabliflied, 
 
 ihii . i'Lvju v.as accoiuitcd in Oxfordshire and there is no Memory of them, Hera 
 
 J * . - - 
 
 I V/3S.
 
 E. 
 
 405 
 
 Caftle; but it Teems, tim 
 all this Time, Part of this Manor re- 
 mained in the Family of Arjlc; for Wal- 
 ter de Grey, Archbifhop of York, bought it 
 of the Heirs or. the Arjlc Family, and gave 
 it to his Brother Robert de Grey of Rother- 
 feld, and his Heirs, who held it under 
 the Name of a Moiety of the Ma- 
 nor of Somerton, by the Service of keep- 
 ing Dover Caftle. His DeTcendant, John 
 de Grey, obtained a Grant for a tree 
 Warren of all his dcmefne Lands here, 
 III. and Elizabeth, the Relift of 
 
 XFO R 7} SHIR 
 
 was of old a Caftle, the Inheritance of riTon in 
 
 the Family of Camviles ;. for we find, 
 
 that Richard de Cam-vile had Livery given 
 
 him, 1 6 Job. of Middlefon-Caflle in Ox- 
 
 fordfhire, (which mult needs be this) as 
 
 Part of his own Inheritance, from Ge~ 
 
 yard his Fa: her. 
 
 Adixbury, a Tmall Village, which has in 
 it very observable a large Fortification 
 near the Church, called Beaumont, cn- 
 compafled with a Dicch 170 Paces one 
 way, and 128 on the other, which we 
 can give no other Account of, but that 
 
 Family, hadfthem for her Dowry, after 
 whom, Joan their Heir inherited them, 
 
 of the calcarious Kind, proceeding cer- and by Marriage carried them into the 
 tainly from Tome neighbouring Lime- Family of D'Elnc-urt, but having no Heirs- 
 Male, her Daughters transferred the 
 Greys Eftate into divers Families ; To that 
 we find this Manor in the Pofleflion of 
 Jafyer, Duke of Bedford^ when he was 
 made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, i Hen. 
 VII. given him by that King for 
 Support of his Dignity, as Part of 
 Lord Level's Eftate. 
 
 Here is a Rivulet that makes a fin all 
 Cafcade, or Fall of Water, about ieven 
 
 in general 'tis likely they were Works of Robert de Grey, the laft Heir_Male of this 
 the Normans by their Name. 
 
 where is a Well of Water 
 
 ftone, which, hefides its dry and reftrin- 
 gent Tafte, more fignally manifefts it 
 felf in the providential Cure of a local 
 DiTeaTe among Cattle, called the Qtmoor~ 
 Evil by the Inhabitants, becauTc it is 
 catched by their Grazing upon that 
 Moor. The DiTeaTe is Tuch a Flux of 
 the Belly, as brings the Cattle that hare 
 it in a little Time from Fat and well 
 liking- to nothing almoft but Skin and 
 Bones, and fo they die, unleTs it be 
 timely cured, which is certainly done 
 by giving them dry Meat, and Tuffering 
 them to drink of this Water only for a 
 Time. 
 
 Shattefaell, the Lordfhip and DemeTne 
 of William Tuchet, whofe Pofterity be- 
 came Lords Audley, by marrying the 
 Daughter and Heir of Nicholas Lord Aud- 
 ley. He obtained a Charter of free War- 
 ren, 19 Edw. III. for all his Lands in 
 this Parifh, and To left it to his Pofteri- 
 ty ; but how long they inherited it, we 
 can't diTcover. 
 
 Stmerton, the Eftate of the Family of 
 Arjic, of whom Robert de Arjtc, fiding 
 with the Barons again ft King 'John, for- 
 feited his Eftate to the Crown, and this 
 Manor was thereupon given to Sampfon 
 de Gautg, who had ftoutly ftood by the 
 K ig in his Wars with them, in Recom* 
 pence of his good Services ; but he held 
 it not long, for the- next Year the King 
 diTpofed of it for the Support of the Gar- 
 
 the - 
 the 
 
 Foot deep, which, were it in a Gentle- 
 man's Garden, might be made uTe of to 
 divers good PurpoTes ; but being in the 
 High-way, can only Terve for fome Ex- 
 periments of Petrification, for which Dr. 
 flotteBcs us 'tis very excellent, fince the 
 living Blades of GraTs, of not above half 
 a Year's Growth, within that fmall Time, 
 are all covered over with Stone, and 
 hang down the Bank, like fo many Ici- 
 cles, the Earth it Telf upon which it 
 runs, being caTcd over with Stone. The 
 Do&or obferving this broke of the Cruit 
 of Stone from the GraTs, and found nc- 
 thing of the Blade altered or impaired ; 
 and after flipping off Tome of the petri- 
 fied Blades of GraTs, which were a Foot 
 long near the Root, he pulled the GraTs 
 clean out as if it had been a Sheath of 
 Stone, To little of Coheilon had the one 
 to the other. And the ReaTon he gives 
 for it is this: The Pores of the Plant 
 poflefled with its own Juice and a con- - 
 geijial 5aU ; does therefore rcfofew ad- 
 
 ventitious .
 
 4otf OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 ventitious ones ; but 'tis not fo in other Wendlelury , in which flood anciently 
 petrifying Springs. the old City of Alcbefter, of which we 
 
 Stratton-Audley, or Audleigh, the Manor have fpoken above: Here (as Dr. flat 
 stnd Eftate of the Family of Aldithly, tells us) was cafually dug up in a gra- 
 ( vulgarly called Audley} which having in- velly Ground, not far from the Church, 
 Jherited it fome Succeifions, IfTne Male a large Stone, which he gives us all the 
 failed, and Margaret Audley the fole Reafon in the World to think was once 
 
 a folid Piece of Wood, or Timber turn- 
 ed into Stone by long lying in the Earth, 
 (which he produceth to prove, that the 
 Earth will petrify as well as the Wa- 
 ter) for besides (faith he) that it fliews 
 
 Daughter and Heir, marrying Ralph Lord 
 StaffcvJ, brought it into his Family. By 
 her this Lord had Hugh his Son and Heir, 
 v/ho, after his Deceafe inherited this 
 Manor ; and having fevcral Sons, gave 
 it to his yourgeft Son Hugh, who by the 
 
 the clofe Grain of an Oak ; and therefore 
 
 Marriage of Elizabeth, Daughter and Heir by the Natunalifts is called the Dryites, or 
 
 - of Bartholomew, Lord Bourchier, was fum- Oak-ftone; it was taken ivp in great 
 
 inoned to Parliament under the Title of Quantities, -and out of fome or the 
 
 Lord Bourchier. He had no 'Iflue, and Pieces (of which the Do&or had one) it 
 
 therefore left Humphrey his Coufin and might be plainly fcen, where Twigs had 
 
 Heir, being the Son of his elder Brother come forth, the Knots ftill remaining, 
 
 Edmund, this and his other Eftates after where they had been cut off; fo that no 
 
 the Death of his Lady. This Humphrey Man can well avoid giving his Confent, 
 
 fucceeded to the Earldom of Stafford, his that this Stone was formerly Wood pe- 
 
 Father's elder Brothet!^ Thomai and trified in the Earth. 
 
 and 
 
 dying without Iflue, an was 
 $jr his great Services created firft Earl, 
 and then Duke of Buckingham, to hold 
 .to himfelf and the Heirs Male of his Bo- 
 dy. He died 10 July, 38 Hen. VI. and 
 an Inquifition being taken after his 
 
 VI. 
 
 BULLING TON Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred joins on the South with 
 the former, and is bounded on the Eaft, 
 with Part of Buckingham hire, on the 
 
 Death, it was found that he died feized North, with the HundrecT'of Ploughley; 
 
 of this Manor, and divers other great on the Weft, with the Hundred of Wot- 
 
 3Eftates, which he left to his Son and Heir ton ', and on the South with the Hundred 
 
 Ulenry, to whom TLd<ward his Son fuc- of Tame and Dorchejler. The Fee of this 
 
 ceeded; and being beheaded for Treafon Hundred was given by King Henry II. 
 
 falfely charged on him by Knevet and Reg. a$. to Thomas Bajjet, for his many 
 
 Hopkins, two ef his Dependants ; he was 
 
 beheaded on Tvwer-Hi/t, and his Eftate 
 
 being confifcated, this Manor was given, 
 
 19 Hen. VIII. to J-dhn Boui-chier, Lord 
 
 good Services borh in War and Peace, 
 being one of rhe King's Juftices in his 
 Court, and a Juftice Itinerant for this 
 and other Shires ; but as we fuppofc is 
 
 Berniers, who having no legitimate Sons, now in the Crown, and under the Jurif- 
 ffoan his Daughter, by Catharine his diftion of the Sheriff, who appoints the 
 
 .*/ ~ ' " " O ~ * 
 
 Wife, was his Heir, 
 
 by 
 
 and by her Mar- 
 
 appoints the 
 Bailiffs and other Officers of it. It hath 
 
 riage with Edmund Knyvet of Afiivelethorp no Market-Town in it, being Part of it 
 
 in Norfolk, Efq; carried it into his Fa- near Bicefter, and the other Parts near 
 
 inily. He was Sergeant Porter to King Oxford or Tame. The Villages of Note 
 
 Henry VIII. for any Thing forth knowing, are 
 
 The Parfonagc of this Town at the Ambrofden, or Amerfden, a Village fitu> 
 
 Diflblution of the Abbies, was Part of ate about two Miles from Burcefter t 
 
 the lar^e Poflfeflions of the Monaftery of where is the beautiful Seat of Sir William 
 
 r. fr'tdefwlde, Oxford ; and being then Glynne, Bart. The Parifli Church here 
 
 feized by King H?nry VIII. was fettled is neat and well adorned, and the Vica- 
 
 ,on his new College Chrifc-Chnrch t as we rage-houfe adjoining of a great Strength, 
 
 fuppofc it ftill continues. and
 
 OXFO R > SHIR E. 
 
 407 
 
 *nd a good ProfpcQr, built in the Year fignalir-ed his Courage and Conduct i" 
 1638, at the fole Charge of Dr. John divers Expeditions into Scotland and other 
 Stubbing, the then worthy Vicar; but he Places, and his Wifdom and Fidelity in 
 enjoyed it not long; for in the Beginning divers Embaffies, was, for thefe his e- 
 of the Rebellion, he was taken out of minent Service*, rewarded with a Grant 
 his Houfe hereby a Party of Parliament of this and divers other Manors in other 
 Soldiers, and being linked Arm to Arm Counties, by King Edward III. Reg. IT. 
 wifh Sir Thomas Hyde of Bedfordshire, was but fome of them were in Reverfion af- 
 carried to G/oceJter, and there kept a ter the Death, as this of John Handlow* 
 clofe Prifoner, till he was exchanged for Elij; and others of John de Warreit > Earl 
 a Rebel in the Garrifon of Oxford. He of Surrey, and Joan his Wife, 
 returnned again to this Place, where he Under the Park-Wall of this Place, 
 had lived hofpitably, and done fo much the Roman Way between Aldchejler and 
 for the Church,, but was received and WaUingford, is plainly to be fecn by the 
 entertained as a Alalignant, and the paving Stones found here and about the 
 People would pay him no Tithes ; fo Ridge ; and from hence it pafleth to the 
 that he was forced to fell his Eftate, Wood near Stockars. Here is alfo a Di- 
 which he defigned to have fettled on the verticttlum or By-Road out of the Way, 
 Vicarage, as an Augmentation, for an leading from Akejter t tending towards Ox- 
 Annuity for his Life. He lies buried in ford. 
 
 the Chancel here under a large Ground- 
 ftone, on which Dr. Kennet, the prefent 
 
 Blackthorn, a Village in the Borders of 
 this County Eaftward, where the true 
 
 Bifhop of Peterborough, lately fet an E- Akemanjlreet, or Roman Road, leading 
 
 pitaph. What the fame Bi/hop relates towards Bath, the old. Kcemannej-r 
 
 further of this Vicarage (Cafe of Inpr. cea sten, or Vrb, agrotorttm hominnm, cn^ 
 
 **1^&%J^^&&- ters this County, _ and paffeth by Aid- 
 
 the 
 
 . -w. . ceSer, quite thro' the County 
 
 Ting by h Letter ^dated t Aug. 1 6fo, gi- ^ The couatry . People call 
 
 ven9rder to the Bifliops and other Dig- Roman ^^ between Aldceter and 
 
 Bitaries of the Church at the Renewing Ung f ord Al&manftreet,. but crroneoufly ; . 
 
 oftheLeafesof fuch Impregnations as wh - ch MJ^fce/M* Cambden feems to 
 
 belonged to their Sees and Places, to haye f u owe d, 
 
 make fome Augmentations to the Vi- Cowl a fmall village, the Manor of 
 carages thereunto belonging, that they which/before the. Diflblution cf the. 
 might be Jcrcafcd to 80 l.p er Ann, .if Abbies, belonged to the Priory of St., 
 poffiDle ! ; the Bimopof this Diocefc, Dr. Frilk f wide Ox jord ; but after it being ia 
 Robert Skinner having the Improprution King Hewry VIHth's Hands, he fettled it 
 of this Panfh ordered, when he made on his CoUe e G hnft-Church t which he 
 the new Leafe this Year that -o /. a then founded. It is at prefent famous. 
 Year fllould be paid to the Vicar for onl for the Peat . pits n^adehere; for 
 ever out of it; but, by fome Fraud, the Wood bei f carceini this County, they 
 Leafe was drawn up and fealed without niake ufc * Turf for Fewel for their 
 that CUiife, and fo the Vicar loft it; Fi wh ich.is not the upper Green- 
 but it proved Cas^ fome fay) an heavy f we rd of the Earth, but an inferior bitu- - 
 Judgment to the Aprs and their Fanu- ^ inous ftrin^ Earth, cut out like Bricks, 
 
 A lvS 
 
 Balden, the Roman Way 
 defter to WaHingford y paffcth thro* the 
 
 Hamlet here, called Balden- brook-end, and \"hilc on 
 
 '"'goes on to Der&efter. ^hen they have rea fonab'lv "dbnc by 
 
 Bzcktey, the Demefne of W t ff,am Lord ,/ fa -, ^ n H / 
 
 f, who hwrg nick ^ lcavins 
 
 r for the moft Part from moory and boggy 
 
 i Aid- Ground, which they call Peat. They 
 cut it in March, and lay the Pieces a 
 the Grals a drying, which, 
 
 cea
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 ces between, that the Wind and Air paf- 
 fmg. between, them, they may be made 
 dry enough -for the Fire. After the Peats 
 are taken out, they fill up the Pic with 
 the graffy Earth that firft came up, and 
 having lefc the Peat a Spit deep, as a 
 Foundation for future Growth, they 
 hold, the Pit will be fit to cut again in 
 
 TSO or 50 Years. 
 
 Cudington, the Eftate of Hugh de Mor- 
 timer, of Ricard's Caftle, who, at his 
 Death, 32, Edw. I. left it in Dowry to 
 Maud his Wife ; and after her' to his 
 Daughters Joan, married to Thomas de 
 Bykenore, Efq; and Margaret^ to Jeffrey 
 Cornwall* 
 
 Cudfden, a fmall Village, whofe impro- 
 priate Parfonage and Advowfon of the 
 Vicarage belonging to the See of Oxford, 
 Dr. John Bancroft having caufed theLeafe- 
 
 - of the one to run out, and taking anOc- 
 cafion of the Vacancy of the other, pro- 
 cured both to be annexed to his See of 
 Oxford, and then built a Palace for the 
 See, the King giving him Timber out of 
 Shotover Foreit ; -but Col. Leg, in 1 644, 
 c-iuled it to be burnt down, for Fear the 
 Parliament fhould put aGarrifon into ir, 
 which, if he had done for the King, 
 he might havefaved it, Butthc Church 
 fuffered on all Hands; however/ this Pa- 
 lace is again reftored by the Care and 
 Charge of Dr. William Paul, who provi- 
 ded Timber for it ; and Dr. John Fell, 
 
 'Who, at his own Charge, compleated the 
 Building upon the old Foundation, both 
 
 iucccflivcly Bifhops of Oxford. 
 
 Ehfield yields nothing remarkable, but 
 that the induftrious Improver of Land, 
 
 George Pudfey, Efq; hath his Residence 
 
 -here. This- Gentleman found here a 
 light and hollow Sort of Marl, of it felf 
 
 jiaturally fo fpungy, that one would think 
 it to be always in a Ferment. Itdiflolves 
 in Water almoft as foon as Fullers Earth, 
 and may therefore be ufed at any fit 
 Time of the Year. It is of a whitifh 
 grey Colour \vi.cn 'it is dry, and being 
 
 intermixed with Sand and yery friable, 
 
 is'ccrtainly /very good Compoft for Pa- 
 
 3ure, as the Blue is for arable Land. 
 forejl kill, where is a Rivulet of that 
 
 peculiarKind,that it does not empty it felf 
 either into the Sea, or any Lake, but as it 
 rifes out of the Earth, fo prefently after 
 a fhort Stay on it, it ingulphs it felf a- 
 gain,-and is leen no more. This here is 
 in the Grounds of Sir Timothy Tyrrel, and 
 fometimes in Winter runs with that Vi- 
 olence, and has worn it felf an Inlet of 
 fuch a Capacity, that it can, and hath 
 received an Ox into- it. 
 
 Garfington, or as it was anciently called 
 Gerfyndon, the Seat and Manor of John 
 de la. Mare, defcended of a Family of 
 Note in this Shire, in King Edward Ill's 
 Days. His Grandfather, Henry de la. 
 Mare, was Veltrare ; or as the French call 
 it, Vaultrer, i. e. Huntfman to the King, 
 as his Anceftors it feems had been, and 
 held that Office by petty Sergeanty. His 
 Fa'ther, Robert de la Mare, was High She- 
 riff of this County; and himfelf having 
 attended King Edward in his Wars in 
 Gafcoigne and Scotland was had in fuch 
 high Efteem with that Prince for thefe 
 and other Services, that he had Sum- 
 mons to Parliament among the Barons, 
 28 Edw. I. and continued fo to 7 Edw. II. 
 and was further difcharged of a Debt 
 due to the Exchequer. 
 
 Halton, or Halgton, the Demefne of 
 Roger 'D'Amorle, who having married one 
 of the Sifters and Coheirs of Gilbert de 
 Clare, Earl of Glocefler, Niece to King 
 Edward II. by his Sifter Joan of Acres ; 
 and having deferved well for his' good 
 Services, had this Manor given him, 
 with fome others, by that Prince, and 
 was fummoned to Parliament among the 
 Barons ; but afterward taking Part with 
 the Earl of Lancafter, and other great 
 Lords, againft the Defpenfers, his Lands 
 were feiied, as forfeited by Rebellion, 
 and given to his Wife Elizabeth, who ob- 
 tained a Grant of them for her own Life, 
 and the Remainder to her Daughter E- 
 lizabeth, in Fee, 1 1 Edw. III. This E/z- 
 zabeth marrying John Lord B<mW/,brougbt 
 this Manor into his Family, and his Po- 
 ftcrity enjoyed it till Thomas Lord Bar- 
 dolf, who had got it confirmed to him by 
 King Henry IV. Reg. i. joined in "Rebel- 
 lion againft that King, Reg. 6, with the 
 
 Earl
 
 XF ORT>SHIRE. 
 
 Earl of Narilumlerland and others, and 
 being attainted in Parliament, his Lands 
 were given by that King to Thomas Beau- 
 forty his Brother; howbeit Sir William 
 Clifford, Knt. in Right of Anne his Wife, 
 and William Phelip, in Right of jFoan his 
 Wife, Daughters of the faid Thomas, re- 
 prefenting to the King, That King 
 Henry II. had, by his Letters Patent, gi- 
 ven to Thomas Bardolf, Anceftor of their 
 Father, and to the Heirs of his Body, 
 many of the faid Manors, the Inheritance 
 of them did of Right belong to them ; 
 the King being convinced of the Juftice 
 of their Claim, granted them the Re- 
 verfionof the faid Lordftiips, and fo they 
 and their Pofterity came at length to 
 have this Manor divided between them ; 
 and we find jfotn, the Wife of William 
 fhelip, died poflefled of a Moiety of it, 
 25 Hen. VI. leaving it and her other E- 
 ftates, as her Husband (who was ftiled 
 the Lord Bardolfin her Right) had done, 
 to Henry, the Son of John Vifcount Beau- 
 mont, by Elizabeth, their only Daughter, 
 their Heir. 
 
 Hedendon, Hedindon, or Hedington, where 
 King JEthelred, Father of King Edward 
 the Confeflbr, had a royal Seat; for tho' 
 Tradition now goes, that it was but the 
 Nurfery of the King's Children, where- 
 of there remain yet upon the Place Ibme 
 Signs of the Foundations, near theTown, 
 in a Field called Court-dofe ; yet it is 
 plain, that King JEthelred did fome Time 
 at leaft refide there himfelf; for he con- 
 cludes a Charter, or fome fuch like In- 
 ftrument, by which he grants certain 
 Privileges to the Monaftery of St. Fri- 
 defwide in Oxford, which was of his own 
 Reftoration,thus: this Priveledge was 
 i&ith at Hedington, and after in Latin: 
 Scrlpta fuit h*c Sedula juffu prtfati Regis in 
 
 i>lll(l Regia, qu& appellatur die 
 
 Oftavarum S. Andrea Apoftoli his confentl- 
 entibus . . qui fubtus notatl v'identur. 
 
 Ego JEthel- 
 
 redus Rex hoe Privilegittm, &c. Another 
 Argument, that there was a royal Seat 
 here, is, That there was a Free-Chapel 
 exempt from all Cnfloms due to the Bi- 
 Ihop of Lincoln and Arch-deacon of 
 
 Oxford, which Maud the Emprefs con- 
 firmed to the Church of St. Fridef- 
 wide. 
 
 The Manor of this Town, which was 
 then a Barony, continued in the Crown 
 till the 25th Year of King Hznry II. whca 
 that Prince conferred this Manor upon 
 Thomas Baffet, one of his Juftices and 
 Judges Itinerant, in Confideration of hi 
 many Services done both in War and 
 Peace, with other Eftates. Gilbert, his 
 Son and Heir, inherited it after him. He 
 founded the Priory of Bitfeter, for Monks 
 of the Order of St. Augufllne, Anno 1182. 
 He left a Daughter and Heir ; but this 
 Alanor was granted to his Brother Tho- 
 mas by King jFohn, Reg. 5. in Fee-farm, 
 for the Rent of twenty Pounds per Ann. 
 to be paid into the Exchequer. Some 
 Lands in this Parifh were given by King 
 Henry IL to Hugh de Plugemt, whofe Po- 
 fterity held them till "the 27 Edw. I. 
 when Alan de flugenet died poflefled of 
 them, and left them to his Son Alan, 
 who died without Iflue. His Sifter Jean 
 was his Heir, but had no Child, and fo 
 her Eftate was alienated to other Fami- 
 lies ; and we find Richard D'Amny ia 
 Pofleflion of this Manor, 19 Ed<w. II. 
 
 Dr. Plot relates divers Things of a, 
 more ftrange Nature, worth our Notice 
 in this Place ; as, I. In the Garden of 
 one Mr. Pawling, there is a Wall 40 
 Yards long, to which, if a Perfon ftand 
 but a little obliquely, fo as to fee the^. 
 Peers ftanding between me Niches, he will 
 have fuch an Eccho, as will return a 
 Clap of the Hand, or a Word of one 
 Syllable, (the Wind being ftill) at Jeaft 
 nine, if not ten or eleven Times, but 
 fo thick and clofe, that a Word of two 
 Syllables breeds Confufion. i. A Rivu- 
 let fed with a double Spring, which, af- 
 ter it has run about two Bow-fhots, is 
 received by a rocky fubterrancous In- 
 draught, and appears no more. 
 
 Ifey, near Oxford, a fmall Village, an- 
 ciently called Gifeteley, fituate on the 
 IJis, near the Place v.here the Cf:fr<n-ell 
 falls into it. We may mention it as 
 an Honour to this Place, that a Fa- 
 mily of Gentlemen of a good Eftate, 
 F f f .named
 
 410 
 
 named Pitts, had their Seat in this Pa- 
 rifh, and one of them, Mr. Arthur Pits, 
 lies buried on the North-fide of the 
 Chancel. He died in 1579. 
 
 Merton, or Meretone, as it is written 
 in the Conqueror's Survey, where this 
 Manor, is reckoned up as Part of the 
 large Pofleffions of Judith, the Countefs 
 of Northumberland. In the Woods here 
 are feveral Entrenchments, which Dr. 
 Plot 'guefTes were caft up by King Ethel- 
 red, or the Danes, in the Year 871, at 
 what Time, fays Florence Wigornienfs, 
 King Ethelred&nd his Brother Alfred, cum 
 Paganis pugnpntes apud JMeretane, /". e. 
 fighting the Danes at Mereton, (as the 
 Ucgier-Book of Einjham writes the Name 
 of this Place) overcame them, and put 
 their whole Army to Flight. That the 
 "Danes had fomewhat to do here is pro- 
 bable, becaufe a Danijb Spur was not 
 long fince found here, which put toge- 
 gether, and considering that it ftands 
 near the Meeting of two military Ways, 
 may juftly beget a Perfwafion, that the 
 foremention'd Battle was fought here. 
 
 Newnham, or Newenham, the Eftate of 
 Richard As Curcy, at the Time of the 
 general Survey, but afterward of the Fa- 
 mily de Rlparyt, whofe Coheir Jonn, 
 married to Hugh de Nevil, principal War- 
 den and Juftice of King Henry, llld's Fo- 
 retts; and Margaret, Wife of Fukafius de 
 Breant, divided it between them. It 
 came into the Family of Courtneys after- 
 ward, and was from them called Newn- 
 Ttim Courtney. 
 
 Dr. Plot, fpeaking of Purifications by 
 Earth as ,well as Waters, gives us a cu- 
 rious Inftance of a Stone found in the 
 fields here, reprefenting a found Piece 
 of Afh retaining the Grain and Colour fo 
 Twell and lively, that no Body at Sight, 
 but would believe it to be a folid Piece 
 of Wood; and yat this was taken out of 
 the Grounds thereabout very far from 
 any Water; and the Change was fo ve- 
 ry petfe&, that cither we mult own, thaf 
 Wood may be changed into Stone by the 
 Jubcile Steams of the Earth permeating 
 the moft folid Texture, or elfe that 
 may grow in Grain aad 
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 like Wood, which laft feems the much 
 more improbable. Here is alfo a Sort 
 of Earth of duftile Parts, which being 
 put into the Fire fcarcely cracks, and 
 has formerly been ufed by Potters, but 
 is now upon fome Account negle&cd. 
 
 Otmore, a low and level Ground, of- 
 ten overflowed in Winter. The Roman 
 Way from Alceftet to Wallingford runs 
 quite crofs this Moor, where a Part of it 
 is to be feen. Upon this Moor, at a Vil- 
 lage called Ottendun, there was a little 
 Clflerctan Monaftery, built by one Sir 
 Robert Gayt, Knt. which he named from 
 the adjacent VVood, Qtteley ; but the low 
 Situation making it altogether unfit for 
 a Monaftery ; Alexander, Bifhop of Lin- 
 coln, to take off the Odium he had con- 
 traded by building of Caftles, altogether 
 difagreeable to his Profeffion, was at the- 
 Charge of removing it to Tame, and fet- 
 ting it upon a Part of his Park there, 
 for which he was reputed the Founder 
 of it, tho' he did no more than tranflate 
 it to a more convenient Place. 
 
 Aldington, or as it is in the Conqueror's 
 Survey, Petintone, where it is reckoned 
 a Part of the large Eftate of Judith, 
 Countefs of Northumberland. King Wil- 
 Jiamthe Conqueror defired jfudith to mar- 
 ry Simon de St. Liz, a Noble Norman, but 
 fhe refufed, which fo provoked the King, 
 that he feixed upon the Caftle and Ho- 
 nour of Huntingdon, which flie held in 
 Dower; and Simon, by his Advice, mar- 
 rying Maud, her eldeft Daughter, ob- 
 tained the Earldom of Huntingdon, and. 
 fome other of her and her Father Wai' 
 theof's Eftate, of which this Manor of 
 Pidlngton was one. Simon was of a pious 
 Difpofition; and among other teligious 
 Donations, gave the Church of this 
 Town to the Church of St. Fridefwide in. 
 Oxford. The Manor, after it had con- 
 tinued a Succefiion or two in St. Liz's 
 Family, reverted to the Crown, and by 
 the King was divided and given by Parts, 
 viz. two to John de Handlow, for Life ; 
 and one to Henry de Bembruge ; after whom 
 it was granted in Fee by King Edward 
 III. Reg. ii. to Nicholas de la Btcbe, then 
 Conftablc of the Tower
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 411 
 
 SandforA, a Village not far from great found here. (5.) Iron-ftones, fo called, 
 Tew where is an eminent Well, or not from any fuch Metal that it holds, 
 Spring of Water, which, in the Memo- but from the Colour it is of. (6.) The 
 ry of fome living in the laft Century, did Stone called Ojlracomorphos, made of 
 great Cures upon putrid and fetid old Heaps of Oyfter-ftells cemented toge- 
 Sores, a long Time before given over for ther, and found plentifully enough oa 
 incurable. Thefe Waters carry with thefe Hills. 
 
 them a Kind of a&ive Fri&ion, and in- Dr. John Bancroft, being made Bifhop 
 termingle with their Afperities fuch a of Oxford, by the Intereft of his Uncle, 
 Tickling, as caufes the Patient to rub Archbifhop Bancroft, obtained this Roy- 
 on the terfive Water, which fearching alty of Shotover for his See. 
 the Wound, produces a fpeedy Cure, Stanton St. John, fo called, becaufe the 
 mitigating the Pain with Variety of Family of St. John of Lagebam in Surrey t 
 Pleasures. were Lords of it, fo early as King Henry 
 
 Sbotover-Foreft is a large Extent of Illd's Days, and continued fo to 25 Erf- 
 Woods, upon and about Sttotover Hills, the ward III. and after ; for we find the 
 Demefne of which is in the Crown. It is Lord St. John of Bletjbo, Earl of BttUng- 
 remarkable for large Timber, and affords broke, in Poflefiion of it, i Eliz. as being 
 many other Things worth our Notice ; a Branch of that ancient Family of St. 
 for, (i.) A Sort pf Earth of a fat, clofe John of this Place. 
 Texture, and greenifh Colour, fo well Waterferry, where hath been taken up 
 impregnated with, fome Kind of Salt, lately a fine Sort of Umber found in the 
 that being put into the Fire, it will Ground near the Houfe of Sir Thomas 
 crackle like Salt it felf ; being diflblved Curfon, of fo rich and beautiful a Co- 
 in Water, gives it a brackifli Tafte; lour, that it might dcferve to be placed 
 takes Greafe out of Cloaths extreamly among the Ochres, but that being mixed 
 well, and would it but whiten as Fullers with Oil, it turns darker than that they 
 Earth doth,it would equal the Vtrldis Sapo- call English, and much more than the 
 tiariainThuringia. (a.) The Ochre found Ochre of Shotover-Foreft above-men- 
 here, which is the beftin its Kind in the tioned. 
 
 whole World ; it is of a yellow Colour, Whately, the Manor of William de 
 and weighty, much ufed alone by Pain- Loaches, whofe Daughter and Heir Eli- 
 ters, and ofren mixed with the reft of zabetb, having married to Thomas de Ca~ 
 their Colours. It is dug on the Eaft- mois, brought it into his Family, and 
 fide of the Hills, and the Vein dips from left it to his Heir and Coufin Hugh de 
 Eaft to Weft, and lies from feven to Camois, who dying without Iflfue, left it 
 
 thirty Feet in Depth, and between two 
 and feven Inches thick, wrapped within 
 ten Folds of Earth. It is of two Sorts, 
 i. Stone-Ochre, a. Clay Ochre, which 
 is warned, made into Cakes, and dried 
 before 'tis fit for Ufe. (3.) A white 
 Clay, which is the fourth Fold of Earth 
 in the Way to the Ochre : It is ufeful 
 to make Tobacco-pipes ; but is excel- 
 
 to his two Sifters, Margaret and E- 
 leanor. 
 
 At the End of this Town, near the 
 Foot of the Hill, where lately fome At- 
 tempts were made to find Coal, they 
 met with a Vein of black Chalk, which 
 Dr. Plot fuppofcs had been before Rud- 
 dle, and before that a yellow Ochre. 
 
 Wood-Eaton, a Village fituate upon the 
 
 lent for Statuaries for making Models, River Cherwett, in which fome Rarities 
 Gargils and Anticks, and in polifhing of Nature and Antiquities have deen dif- 
 it with Silver, it comes near Tripela. (4.) covered ; of the firft Sort are the Stones 
 A Sand of very good Ufe to give a Con- of the Oyfter-kind, found plentifully in 
 fiftency and Body to Glafs, of which the Gravel-pits in a Wood near this 
 tho* there are fome Sorts found in other Place. 
 Places, yet the naturally whiteft is 
 
 Fffz Of
 
 412 
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 Of the other Sort are certain ancient the Royal Society ; ufed in many Refe- 
 Britijh Coins, or Pieces of Money, which rences in Chancery to ftate long Accounts, 
 have no where, that we know of, been and much employed in fueh Matters, Ib 
 difcovered but in this Shire, and at this- *'* * m * -^"^ " "' * "> 
 Town. And the nt is a Coin of King 
 w.ho reigned here about the 
 
 Time of our Saviour 
 
 Chrift's Birth. It fliew- 
 
 eth an Horfe, and his 
 
 Infcription of the one 
 
 Side, and an Ear of 
 
 Corn, and CAMV on 
 
 the Reverfe.intimating, 
 
 that the Place of its 
 
 that he got thereby not only a great 
 Name, but fome Wealth before- he died. 
 10 Nov. 1683. 
 
 VII. B A M P T o N Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred, which is fituate on the 
 Weftern-fide of the County, is bounded 
 on the EeafV with Wotton Hundred ; on 
 the North withi Chadlington Hundred ; 
 on the Weft with Part of Glocefterfoire ; 
 
 Coining was at Camulo- an( J O n the South with Part of Barkjlnre. 
 
 dttnum, i. e. Maldonin. The Fee of it was, 7 Ren. 5. in Gilbert 
 Lord Talbot, as being the Inheritance of 
 his -Wife Elizabeth Comyn, who was one 
 
 Effex. Mr. Cambden in- 
 deed defcribes -a Coin 
 of the fame K*ing's'j. not 
 different in the Reverfe at all from this, 
 but vary ing 'in. the Infcription, the laft 
 Letter O, being placed not under the 
 Horfe's Feet,- but before his Bref ft, and 
 an Ear of Corn fet over his Back. This 
 was dug up: here in 16.76$ among fome 
 old Foundations. 
 
 At the lame PI ace -and Time- there 
 was alfo another Piece of Money dug up, 
 but fmaller; but whether it be the fame 
 King's or no, doth not appear, it having 
 nothing upon it, but fomewhat like a 
 Chalice, - and a crooked 
 Lineation, under which 
 there is alfo a -forked Kind 
 of Figure, and a fmall 
 Crefcent, unlefs it may be 
 colle&ed to be Cvnobelin's t 
 ffom the Crefcent, which 
 Mr. Camlden tells us is fometimes met 
 with on that King's Money, particularly 
 on that which he thinks carries the 
 Name of Gallena, or WaUlng^ord. Jolm 
 Ctlfinsy the famous Accountant, was born 
 an this Parifh. He was the Son of a 
 
 Comyn, 
 
 of the Heirs of Audornare d& Valence, but 
 now it is in the Crown, a* we fupppfe, 
 and fo governed by the High Sheriff.. 
 There are in this Hundred three Market- 
 Towns^ viz.. 
 
 Bampton, anciently BemCune, a Town 
 of good Repute before the Conqueft; but 
 we can find nothing more of it in our 
 Records, than this : That Leofric, Cli&p r 
 lain to King Edward the Confeffor, upon 
 the Union of the Bifhopricks of Creditor 
 and Cornwall, and both of them tranfla- 
 ted to Exeter, of which he was made the 
 firft Bifliop, Anno 1049, quickly after 
 gave to- his new Church his lan&e xt 
 BempCune, which at this Time belongs 
 to it. The Manor of this Town was the 
 Eftate of Audomare de Valence, Earl of 
 Pembroke, who -dying without IfTue, his 
 great Eftate devolved upon the two- 
 Daughters, Joan and Elizabeth, of John 
 Comyn of Badenagh, of which this Manor 
 fell to the Share of 'Elizabeth, with other 
 Eftates. She married Richard Talbot, 
 Lord Talhot, who being a great 'Soldier, 
 
 Nbn-conformift, and put to a , Bookfeller and on that Account very acceptable to 
 
 -. - . . 1 i ^.1 __ ._ .,, 1 Mr>-k T5* -i j- j-k K" t r rr h'J* ~..J TT T 
 
 arx Oxford ; but the Troubles coining on, 
 .he went to Sea, and applied himfelf to 
 the Study of Marhematicks and Mer- 
 chants Accounts, in which he became 
 fuch a Proficienr, that upon his Return 
 Home, he not only taught Writing and 
 
 that warlike Prince King Edward III. 
 obtained of him a Charter of free War- 
 ren in ali his demefne Lands in this 
 Place, and others elfewhere, all which 
 his Pofterity- enjoyed, till Iflue failing 
 in Gilbert. Lord Talbct, 9 Hen. V. their 
 
 Iko/c Art, but 
 
 3: 
 
 <wa$ made /a Member of^ whole- Eftate and- Honour- parted 
 
 35**
 
 XFO R T> S H IRE. 
 
 Talbct, whofe great and heroick 
 Achievements our Hiftorians do defer- 
 yedly magnify. His Pofterity enjoyed 
 it but a little Time; for we find this 
 Manor in the Family of the Molins and 
 JJitrjgerfords, in the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward IV. who difpofed of them to John 
 Lord Wenlock, Reg. i. becaufe Robert Lord 
 Itungerford had fided with the Lancaftrians 
 againft him, and fo forfeited his 
 Lands. 
 
 The Market here is on Wednefday 
 weekly, and Fair yearly, on 10 Aug. 
 This Market is famous for the Abundance 
 of Fell-mongers Wares, as Jackets, 
 Gloves, Breeches, Stockings, &c. which 
 are brought hither from Witney, and fold 
 here into Berkfiire, Wiltshire and Dorfet- 
 fore. No Town in England having the 
 like Trade for thefe Sort of Wares. 
 Some Things remarkable of the Family 
 of the Woods that dwelt here, fee in 
 Brife-Ncrton. The Vicarage here is divi- 
 ded into three Parts. 
 
 Dr. John Howfon, a Canon of Chrjft- 
 Church, was Vicar of this Parifli. In the 
 Year 1602, he was made Vice-chancellor 
 of Oxford, and being a zealous Man for 
 the Do&rine and Difcipline of the 
 Church of England, had a great Conteft 
 with the Calviniftjcal Divines, (whom he 
 had heard often in their Sermons in- 
 veighing againft the Ceremonies and 
 Difciplirte before he was in that Office) 
 endeavouring to reform them, and to 
 that End called in Queftion one Mr. 
 Sprint of his own College, and Mr 1 . 
 Troutbtck of Queens, who appealed to 
 the Delegates, but were forced to re- 
 cant in St. Mary's, for which he had ma- 
 ny ill Words from the Party. However, 
 he loft nothing by it in the Judgment of 
 his Superiors, for he became, after this, 
 Re&or of Bright-well in this Shire, Fel- 
 Ibwof Chelfey College, Biftiop of Oxford, 
 and at length of Durham, where he died, 
 with the Reputation of being a grave 
 and learned Man. Among his Works 
 he-hath four Sermons, in which he proves, 
 That St. Peter had noMonarchical Power 
 over the Apoftles, againft Bellermine, or- 
 dered to be printeri^by K. Jxmts I. and 
 never yet anfwered. - 
 
 Bttrford, Buerford, or Boreford, in Saxon 
 Beop^pop&e, fituated on the Banks of 
 
 the River Wiridrujh, which flows out of 
 the Cottefzuold. Here Cuthred, King of 
 the Weft Saxons, then tributary to the 
 Mercian f, not being able to endure any 
 longer the Cruelty and bafe ExatHons of 
 King JEthelbald, met him in the open 
 Field with an Army, and beating him, 
 took away his Standard, on which was 
 the Pourtraiture of a Golden Dragon. 
 
 Tis probable, that this Bartle was fought 
 on the Place, called at this Day Battle- 
 Edge, which is on the Weft of this Place, 
 and may be well effeemed a Memorial 
 of it, if we confider that there hath long- 
 been aCuftom kept up in this Town (ftill 
 in Memory, fays Dr. Plot} of making a 
 Dragon yearly, and carrying it up and 
 down the Town in great Jollity on Mid" 
 fummer Eve, which feems to bear a plain- 
 Remembrance of taking the Golden 
 Dragon by King Cuthred. Indeed the 
 Townfmen added to their Pageant a Gi- 
 ant, but for what Reafbn, we knov/" 
 not, unlefs they imagined Cuthred to be 
 a Man of that Stature, or Would denote 
 his Giant- like Strength and Valour, in 
 taking that Banner from fo potent a 
 King, as Mthelbald was at that Time, the 
 Mercian Kingdom being the ftrongeft of 
 the feven Saxon Kingdoms, and he then ' 
 the Monarch of them all. 
 
 In the fame Saxon Times, viz. Anno * 
 685, there was a Council convened here 
 by the Kings, Elheldred and Berthuiald, 
 at which, among many Bifhops, Abbots 
 and others, that were prefent, Aldbeinr.'* 
 Abbot of Malmsbury, and afterwards Bi- 
 fliop of Shirbume, was commanded by the* 
 Synod, to write a Book againft the Er- 
 ror of the Britijij Churches 'about the* 
 Obfervation of Eafier. Sir Henry S$el- 
 man calls this Council Synodus MercianAj 
 and fays it met Anno 705, without fixing 
 uny Place, or the e*at Time ; but fince* 
 both are evident from Matmslrury and 
 the Lieger-Book of that Abbey, we 
 have thought fit to take Notice of ihem. 
 to make our Account the clearer. 
 
 After the Conqueft, this Town wa* 
 given -to Robert Eurl of Glxejter, thcna-
 
 XFO RT) SHIRE. 
 
 ~t * ~T 
 
 tural Son of King Hemy I. who left it to from an ancient Family in Wales, was 
 his Son and Heir, William ; to him King born in this Town. Profiting in School 
 
 he was by his 
 
 Henry II. granted a Charter, (of which 
 Dr. Plot tells us, he faw the Original) 
 giving to this Town of Bureford, Gildam 
 &> omnes confuetudines uas habent llberl 
 
 Learning to a Miracle, e was 
 Father placed in Hart-Halt in Oxford, in 
 1613, and having taken his Batchclor's 
 Degree in 1617, read Cofmography Lec- 
 
 L j OTfl'lilSi (/(/ft I ***' *****'**"* JT r D / 1 O "" j ^^rw 
 
 Burgenfes de Oxenford ; but moftof them it tures in 1618, with fuch Approbation, 
 
 ration, having a Common Seal, and be- oufly accepted, he was made one of the 
 tn governed by two Bailiffs, and other King's Chaplains, Re&or of Henningford 
 inferior Officers. After this Earl's Death, in Huntingtonfoire, and Houghton in the 
 Kin^ Hemy feized his Earldom, and Spring in "Durham, which he changed 
 probably his Eftate ; for we find no for Allresford in Hampshire. It is almoft 
 Mention of this Manor till 27 Edw. I. impoflible to enumerate the ftrange Paf- 
 when John Lord Molins died pofleffed of fages of his Life and Writings, and there- 
 it; but it did not continue long in Jus fore ihall add only his Chara&er in fhort, 
 
 viz.. He was a Perfon of angular Wit, 
 Memory and Judgment, incredible Pa- 
 tience in Study, a bold and undaunted 
 Man among Friends and Foes, and 
 
 Family ; for \6 Ediv. II. Hugh k T>e- 
 fpenfer the Younger, was in Poflemon of 
 ir, and obtained a Fair yearly at this his 
 Manor of Boreford, for the Space of eight 
 
 Days preceding the Nativity of John conftant Aflertor of the Church 
 
 ' 
 
 Baptijl, that Day, and eight Days fol- 
 lowing; but he being ftript of all by the 
 difcontented Barons, this Manor, and 
 many other of his Eftates, were given 
 to Richard NevM, Earl of Warwick, who 
 
 a 
 
 Right, 
 
 and King's Prerogative, for which' he 
 fuffered much; for by Order of Parlia- 
 ment his Eftate was fequeftred, his 
 Goods feized, and his incomparable Li- 
 brary taken away ; fo that he was for- 
 
 having forfeited them by his Opposition ced to get his Eftate by compounding, 
 to King Edward IV. in the Battle of Bar- and live on that and writing Books, 
 
 net-Field, they were fettled by the King 
 upon his two Daughters^ Ifabel, whom 
 
 his Geography, which he put out in 
 Folio, Mercurius Aulicus, &c. He lived 
 
 he married to his Brother George, Earl of to the Reftoration of King Charles II. 
 Clarence, and Anne, who became Wife to but_<iied 8 May 1662. 
 
 his younger Brother, Richard, Duke of 
 Glocetter. Edward, the Son and Heir of 
 the Duke of Clarence, inherited this 
 Manor, but being in his Minority, King 
 
 William Lenthatt, the Speaker to 
 the Long-Parliament, fo well known in 
 the Hiftories of thofe Times, had his 
 Seat and Manfion in this Town. He was 
 
 Hew. VII. granted the Steward/hip of this a Barriftcr of Lincoln's Inn, and a Coun- 
 Manor, and fome other of his Eftates, to fellor of Note for a Time; but being 
 S : r William Norr'u, in Confideration of chofen Burgefs for Wocdjtock, and Speak- 
 bis Counful, he being a Lawyer of great er of the Houfe of Commons, he heap- 
 Efteem in his Time. cd up Wealth fo faft by his gainful 
 The Market is here weekly on Satur- Place and Pcnfions, that he could do 
 day, and is famous for Saddles, and Fair little but fettle his Eftate, and attend 
 yearly, on the 1 4th September. The Downs his Station. Among other Things, he 
 about the Town bring not only Plea fu re, purchafed of Lucius Lord Falkland, for 
 but great Profit by the Horfe-Raccs of- 
 ten made upon it by the Gentry about 
 
 Dr. Peter Heyliv, defcendcd originally 
 
 7000 /. or thereabouts, the Re&ory and 
 Demcfne of this Town of Eurford, with 
 the (lately Houfe belonging thereto, and 
 thereon rcfided to his Death, which 
 
 hap-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 415 
 
 happened 5 Sept. 1662, and left it to his dak in his Monajticw, Vol. i. p. 980. But 
 
 Son" John, "with his other Eftate, In 
 a&ing all along with the Parliament, he 
 did many Things prejudicial to the royal 
 Intereft ; but having done alfo fome 
 Things to further it, as carrying the 
 Point for the Treaty in the IJle of Wight, 
 when it depended on his fingle Vote ; 
 breaking the Abjuration, endeavouring 
 to procure KingCharles lid's Reftoration, 
 &c. he obtained his Pardon, and became 
 a Witnefs againft Thomas Scot the Regi- 
 cide. From this Time he retired to 
 his Houfe at Surford, built a pretty Cha- 
 pel, and (hewed great Refpe& to Scho- 
 lars and the neighbouring Clergy ; and 
 at length died a great Penitent, profef- 
 fing himfelf a dutiful Son of the Church 
 of England, as it was eftablifhed before 
 the Rebellion broke out, Qf>c. He was 
 buried in the Church by his Wife Eliza- 
 beth, and not far from her Father, Sir 
 
 it has long been alienated from Winche- 
 Jter; for, Anno 1171, Henry of Blois, Bi- 
 fhop of that See, gave it to his new 
 founded Hofpital of St. Cro/e, as appears 
 from the original Lieger-Book of that 
 Houfe, in the Hands oi Henry Wolf ey, Eft); 
 This Town being within the Liberty of 
 Audomare de Valence^ who had the Fee of 
 this Hundred, 5 Edward II. was made a 
 Burrough, and fent Burgefles ro Parlia- 
 ment by that King's Writ; after which, 
 in the 8th Year of the fame King's Reign, 
 it fent Burgeifes again, and fo continued 
 to the 53d Edward III. when this Pri- 
 vilege ceafed, and we don't find that it 
 was ever revived fince. 
 
 The Market is here weekly on Tlurf- 
 <tay,~and Fair yearly, on 29 June. The 
 Trade of the Town is chiefly /pinning '. 
 Yarn to make Ruggs and Blankets. Here 
 is alfo a Free-School, with a fine Libra- 
 
 Lawrence Tanfeld, Lord Chief Baron of ry belonging to it. WKcbnstd Foreft, 
 the Exchequer. 
 
 Witney, or Whitney, an old Town, and 
 of good Repute, before the Conqueft ; 
 it being given, about the Year 1040, to 
 the Church of St. Swithlns at Wlifhe- 
 fter, with eight other Manors, by -47- 
 winus, then Bifliop of that See, upon 
 this Occafion, He being fomething more 
 familiar with Emma the Queen, the 
 Confeflbr's Mother, than was thought fit 
 fora Queen to allow, or a Subieft to 
 affume, was accufed of an unlawful Com- 
 merce with her, and publickly charged 
 with Adultery. Of which Suspicion the 
 Queen,, defirous to clear .her felf, con- 
 defcended to undergo the Trial by Fire- 
 Ordial (a Thing ufed in thofe Times in 
 dubious criminal Cafes) by walking bare 
 Foot over nine red hot Plough-fhares, 
 which, if it was done without any 
 Hurt to the Perfon, he or fhe was e- 
 fteemed innocent, . but if with Damage, 
 guilty. The Queen gaffed over themi 
 without the leall Harm ; whereupon 
 both fhe and the Bifliop gave each of 
 them nine Manors to the Church of 
 Wincbefter, of which this of Whitney was 
 one, given by the Bifhop, the reft are 
 
 which is of large Extent, lies at a lit-- 
 tle Diftance from it. The Blanketing 
 of this Town is exquifitely white, and 
 fo much approved of, that no Place 
 comes near it for thefe Goods ; fome 
 attribute the excelling Whitenefs of thefe 
 Blankets to the abfterfive nitrous Waters' 
 of the River Wtridrufoj wherewith they 
 are fcoured ; but others are of Opinion, 
 that it is owing to a peculiar Way of 
 loofe Spinning, which the People heic 
 have, perhaps both concurring work the 
 Etfeft. But however that be, their 
 Blanketing is preferred before all others, 
 infomuch that they have in a Manner 
 engrofied the whole Trade of the Ka- 
 tion for that Commodity, Their Re- 
 putation has increafed the Trade to a 
 great Height ; for the Blanketers here 
 fet on Work an 150 Looms continually v 
 for which above 3000 People of all Ages, 
 from & Years old, are daily at work ; 
 and tis faid, that in fo doing, there iv 
 fpent here above an hundred Packs of 
 Wool every Week. Their Blankets are 1 
 ufually 10 to n Quarters wide; The 
 Traders here alfo make a Sore of StufF^ 
 which they rail Duffeld:, a Yard and 3 
 
 ftll diftin&ly named by. Sir Wiilifun Ztyg- Quarters wide, which is *nrried into
 
 4 i* OXFORD 
 
 Virginia and New England to cloath the 
 Indians ; Cuts for ^Hammocks, and Tilt- 
 Cloaths for Bargemen. There are alfo 
 in this Town a great many Fell- mongers, 
 who having drafted and ftained their 
 S keep skins, make them into Jackets, 
 Breeches, &c. and fell them at the 
 neighbouring Market-Town of Hampton, 
 from whence they are bought up, and 
 carried into Bertfiire, Wiltfoire and Dor- 
 fetfiire ; for no Town in England hath the 
 like Trade for this Sort of Ware. 
 
 Mr. Henry Box, a Dmggift in Londen, 
 founded a Free-School in this Town, of 
 which Air. Francis Gregory, who had been 
 Ufher to Mr. Busby at Weftmlnjler, was 
 made the firft Mafter, and did here much 
 Good by his Inftru&ion. He was fuc- 
 ceeded by Mr. Edward Hhitcn of Merton 
 
 College. There is . a fine Library ad- 
 joining to it. 
 
 The Parfonage of this Town was in 
 the Crown, 8 Hen. VIII. and was by that 
 King made over, with the Chapel of 
 Fulbrooke, to Sir Edward Lee, in Exchange 
 for fome other Eftates, which his Ma- 
 jcfty patted over to him for it, &*c. This 
 Parfonage and Chapel was fettled on 
 the College of Fotheringay, by King Ed- 
 ward VI. Reg. I. 
 
 Nature hath alfo befriended this 
 Place with fcveral Things wanting in 
 many other Places, as, ( i.) A Sort of yel- 
 low Ochre, which ferves for many infe- 
 rior Ufes. (i.) A courfc Kind of gritty 
 Umber, which proves of good Ufe to 
 Leather dreflers. (3.) A very whole- 
 fome and healthy Air, a fure Sign and 
 Token of which w,e reckon the long Life 
 of the Inhabitants; and here we meet 
 v/ith one Jopas Pierce, better known by the 
 Name of George Fits, who lived to the 
 Age of an Hundred and twelve Years. 
 
 The famous Dr. Thtnas Jartfon, the 
 Mafter of Corpus Chrljli College, Oxford, 
 and the great Ornament of that Univer- 
 firy, was Vicar of this Town. He was 
 * Pcrfon furnifhed with all the learned 
 Languages, Arts and Sciences, but e- 
 fpccially Metaphylicks, which he ufcd 
 as Handmaids to Divinity. He was pro- 
 foundly read in the Fathers/ of a deep 
 
 SHIRE. 
 
 Judgment, and a zealous Affertor of the 
 Proteftant Do&rines againft the Church 
 of Rome ; to all which if we add, That he 
 was a Man of a blamelefs .Life, one 
 would think no Man could be m-ore per- 
 fct and excellent, and yet this Man 
 could not efcape Pryn's alperfing Pen, 
 whom if he had pleafed, perhaps he 
 had deferred the vile Chara&er he 
 unjuftly gives him. 
 
 The Villages of Note in 
 are 
 
 this Hundred 
 
 Ajlall, a fmall Village, yet having a 
 Barrow in it, the moft eminent on Ake- 
 man-ftreet. It ftands high and lofty, and 
 is conceived to be the Sepulchre of fome 
 confiderable Perfon, or at leaft of one 
 in great Repute with the common Peo- 
 ple that pafled that Way ; for there is 
 another, not far off, upon the fame Way,, 
 upon the Edge of this Shire, very much 
 lefs. Upon thefe High-ways alfo it was 
 ufual, among the Romans, to fet up Pil- 
 lars of Stone, and on them toinfcribe the 
 Diftances from their regal Cities and 
 Stations. Of this Sort there lies a Stone 
 on a*Bank clofc by Akeman-ftreet , not far 
 from Aftal-Barrcw, which may be juftly 
 thought a Remnant, probably the Pe- 
 deftal of fuch a Pillar, unlefs we lhall 
 rather believe it a Pedeftal to a Statue of 
 Mercury, fuch as was uf-.d by the Romans 
 to be fe't up near their High-ways, and 
 in crofs Reads, with as many Heads as 
 there were Ways. 
 
 Afton, the Manor and Eftate of Richard 
 Lord Afyuti, who, Rich. II. left it to 
 his Son WtUlam Lord JMolins, who being 
 flain at the Siege of Orleans in France, 
 died young, but left a Daughter Eleanor 
 Heir of his Eftate, of which this Manor 
 was a Part. She married Robert Lord 
 Hungerfordj who, in her Right, was cal- 
 led Lord Matins, and carried it, with 
 her other Ertate, into his Family. 
 
 EaLIac, or Bablake, a Village near 
 Radcot-Bridge, which lies over the IJit 
 almoft at its firft Entrance into this 
 County, where the angry Barons met 
 Robert de Vere y Earl of Urfcrd, Marquefs 
 
 of
 
 XFO RT> S HIRE. 
 
 417 
 
 of DttlHn, and Duke of Ireland, with an King Richard, procured him fo much 
 
 Army, and after a fhort Skh mifh defeat- Envy .and Hatred from his Fellow Ba- 
 
 ed him; and he being in great Fear of rons, that they joined together to pull 
 
 fceing taken, plunged with his Horfe in- him down, ,as they did his Mafter foon 
 
 to the River, and fled for his Life into after ; Upon him the Poem of the Mar- 
 
 Brabavt in Flanders, where he foon after riage of the Tan& and IJis liaih. 
 
 died, His Favour and Authority with Verfes. 
 
 -Hie Verus notijjimitt Apro 
 
 dare terga. xegat, & tendere contra, &c* 
 In Englifb thus: 
 
 Here Oxfords Hero, famous for his* Boar. * A Soar Is the 
 
 While Valour prompts behind, and Prudence calls before, Cr eft oj his. Arms* 
 
 While clafliing' Swords upon his Target found, 
 
 And Show'rs of Arrows from his Bread rebound ; 
 
 Prepar'd for worft of Fates undaunted flood, 
 
 And urged his Beaft into the rapid Flood. 
 
 The Waves in Triumph bore him, and were proud 
 
 To fink beneath their honourable Load. 
 
 Bradwetf, where near the Grove they 
 dig a Sort of flat Stone, naturally fuch, 
 without the Help of Winter, and fo 
 ftrangely broad, that they have them 
 fometimes of feven Foot long, and five 
 over. With thefe the Husbandmen of- 
 ten make Fences for their Clofes; and 
 Dr. Plot fays, he once faw a fmall Hovel 
 that had but one of thefe Stones, for its 
 entire Covering. And fbme of them are 
 of fo hard and clofe-a Texture, that 
 Painters of very good Skill prefer them 
 before Marble, for the grinding their 
 Colours. 
 
 Brife- Norton, where dwells a Family of 
 the Woods, who hay had feveral Times 
 an unufual Knocking before the Death 
 of fome of the Family. 
 
 Clanfeld, where are certain Lands, 
 which having belonged to the Priory of 
 St. Fridefivide in Oxford, were, at the 
 DiiTolution of the Monafteries, feized 
 by King Henry VIII. and given to his 
 new erefted College of Cbrift- Church, Ox- 
 ford, as they remain we fuppofe. 
 
 Crxwtll, the Dcmefne and Eftate of 
 John Lord Matravers, who leaving no 
 Ifliie Male, made his two Daughters, 
 M-tjd and Elizabeth, his Heirs ; but who 
 obtained this Manor in the Divifion of hit 
 
 Eftate, we have no Information, be* 
 caufe they did not marry Nobles. 
 
 Ducklington, which Nature hath furnifh- 
 ed with fome Things remarkable. 
 
 Kentcote, one of the Manors given and 
 granted to Thomas Howard, Earl of Sur- 
 rey, as a Reward of the great Service ha 
 did King Henry VIII. and the Nation, in 
 conquering the Scots, and flaying their 
 King James in the Battle of Hodden ; 
 for which alfo he was created Duke of 
 Norfolk, and made Lord High Treafurer 
 of Surrey. 
 
 Lew, a fmall Village, the Manor of 
 which, at the Diilblution of the Ahbie>, 
 being P r art of the Ppfleflions of the Mo- 
 naftery of St. Fridefaide, King Henry VIII. 
 feized it, and fettled it upon his new 
 built College of Clmjt-Cburch, Oxford, as 
 we fuppofe it now continues. 
 
 JMfajler-ttofHi, hereto fore the Seat of the 
 Lords Lovel of Ticuemerfo, who being de- 
 fcended from one Lupel, a Noble Norman^ 
 did now bear a conflderable Figure ia 
 thefe Parts, and received a great Addi- 
 tion to their Fortunes, by matching with 
 the Heirs Female of Tlclemevfo, Lords 
 Hoi/and, D'Efaccuvt, and Vifcounts Beax- 
 mcmt. But this Family became cxrincc 
 in Franks Vifcount Ltvd, Loid Chamber-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 lain to King Richard III. who was ba- 
 niihed by King Henry VIL and (lain in 
 the Battle of Stoke, taking Part with 
 Lambert Simnel, the Impoftor Prince. His 
 Sifter Fridefwide was Grandmother to 
 Henry, the firft Lord Norris, but becaufe 
 he was conyift of Treafon, his Sifter 
 could inherit nothing from him, but his 
 whole Eftate went to the Crown, which 
 gave it to Jafper Earl of Pembroke, and 
 Duke of Bedford. He left no legitimate 
 Iflue,and fo it returned again to the Crown . 
 
 Roger de Caineto, or de Cheyney, gave the 
 'Tithes of this Church, with the Tithes 
 of all his Woods in this County, to the 
 Monks of Eynjham. 
 
 Norton-Bruin, the Demefhe of ^o&wLord 
 Xc^e/, in the Reign of King Henry IV. 
 whofe Pofterity enjoyed it, till Francis 
 Vifcount Lovel, taking Part with Lam- 
 tert Simnel againft King Henry VII. for- 
 feited his Eftate to the faid King by his 
 Rebellion, who gave this Manor Minfler- 
 Tsovel, and divers others, to Jafper Earl 
 of Pembroke and Duke of Bedford, as is 
 above-mentioned. 
 
 ^ifferS, now called Shifford, where a 
 Manufcript in Sir Robert Cottons Library 
 gives us an Account of a Parliament's 
 Sitting, which confifted of all the chief 
 Men of the Kingdom, called by King 
 Alfred, who, as Head, confulted with the 
 .-Clergy, and Nobles and others, about 
 the Manners and Government of the 
 People, and delivered them fome grave 
 Admonitions concerning the fame. The 
 "Words of the Manufcript are thefe ; 
 jSc Sippopb feten Daner manie, 
 &c. In Englijh thus : There fate at Shlf- 
 ford many Thanes, many Bifhops, and 
 many learned Men, wife Earls, and 
 tiwful Knights ; there was Earl Elfrick, 
 very learned in the Law, and Alfred, 
 "England's Herdfmen, England's Darling ; 
 lie was King of England, he taught them 
 that could hear him, how they fhould 
 lire. 
 
 The Manor of this Town was in the 
 T\eign of King Edward II. the Eftate and 
 Demcfne of Alan de Zouche, who leaving 
 two Daughters only for his Heirs, *. 
 Helena and Maud ', this Manor upon the 
 4 
 
 Partition fell to the later, then the Wife 
 of Robert de Holland, but in the Record 
 is called Sibford. 
 
 At the Diffolution of the Abbies by 
 King Hfnry VIII. it was found to be Part 
 of the Poflcflions of the Monaftery of Sr. 
 Fridefwide, Oxford. Who gave it to that 
 Houfe, it doth not appear, but coming 
 then into that King's Hands, he fettled 
 it upon his new built College of Chrift- 
 Church in that Univerfity. 
 
 Shipton had the fame Lord and Owner, 
 and was left to the fame Heirs, as Sif- 
 ford; but afterwards in thofc buftling 
 Times, from the Deposition of King 
 Henry VI. to the Eftablifliment of King 
 Edward IV. was fome way or other for- 
 feited, and coming into King Edward's 
 Hands, was given to his Brother George 
 Duke of Clarence, the general Heir of 
 fuch Eftates, of which he had a vaft 
 many ; and in his Son Edward's Hands 
 we find this Manor, 19 Hen. VII. but he 
 being a Minor, it was in the Cuftody of 
 Sir William Norr'u, as Steward of it and 
 his other Eftates, till he arrived at full 
 Age. 
 
 Stanlake, the Manor and Eftate of 
 John Lord Grey of Rotherfeld, who, 
 4 Edw. III. obtained a Charter of free 
 Warren in this his Lordfhip, and feve- 
 ral others in this and other Counties. 
 His Pofterity held it for feveral Succef- 
 fions ; but three Parts of it feem to have 
 been alienated eithcf by Robert Lord 
 Grey, or before it came to him, becaufe 
 we obferve that the faid Robert died fci- 
 2ed only of one 4th Part, 1 1 Rich. IL 
 which was after his Death fettled in 
 Dowry upon his Widow Elizabeth ; and at 
 her Deceafe came to his Daughter and 
 Heir jFcan, who (we fuppofe) fold it to 
 William Lord Molins, in whofe Sons and 
 Grandfons Pofleflion we find it, 2 Hen. 
 VI. and 7 Hen. VI. The other three 
 Parts, with the Advowfon of the Church, 
 was the Eftate of Thomas Lord Bradeftan, 
 who dying, 34 Edw. III. left them to his 
 Grandfon Thomas, whofe Heir was his 
 Daughter Elizabeth, who was but eight 
 Months old at his Death, and at A^e 
 married Walter de la Pole, 
 
 In
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 In this Parifh there is an odd Cuftom, 
 vhich may not be pafled over unregard- 
 ed, tho' not worthy of Imitation. The 
 Parfon in the Proceflion on Holy Thurf- 
 day, reads a Gofpel at the Barrel-head in 
 the* Chequer-Inn, where, fome fay, there 
 was anciently an Hermitage, others, that 
 there was anciently a Oofs, at which 
 they read a Gofpel in former Times, 
 over which now the Houfe, and particu- 
 
 419 
 
 we fuppofe to be in the Crown, and fo- 
 under the Jurifdi&ion of the High She- 
 riff. The only Market-Town in this 
 Hundred, which is but fmall, is 
 
 Tame t or TJjame, anciently called 
 Tam rFOP 03 - Ittakes its Name from 
 the Ril'er Tbame, which rifing in Bucli- 
 inhamjbire, enters this County at this 
 Town, to which it gives Name, as that 
 doth to this Hundred. The Situation of 
 
 OVCI YUJV,ii "W '**, -> r UUHJ J HIM X1UUU1GU. i 11C OiLlUlHUIi UX 
 
 larly the Cellar of that Inn, being built v i r i s rendered very pleafant by the Con- 
 
 they are forced to perform it in the a- fluence of Waters; for as the Thame. 
 
 forefaid Manner (but if they have no W aflieth the North Part of the Town, fo 
 
 better Reafons to do it. it would be more two fmall Brooks flide by it on the Eaft 
 
 agreeable to the Parfon's Office to leave an d Weft Sides. This Town has been in, 
 
 it undone). 
 . Weald, or Weld, the Manor of which 
 being found to belong to the Monaftery 
 of St. Fridefnvide, Oxford, at the Diffolu- 
 tion of the Abbtes, was then feized by 
 King Henry VIII. and fettled upon his 
 new built College of Chrift-Cbur^h, in the 
 fame University as it remains. 
 
 a very flourifhing Condition ever fince 
 Henry Lexhiton, Bifliop of Lincoln, in the 
 Reign of King Henry III. brought the, 
 great Road (which lay before at fomer 
 Diftance below the Town) thro' the 
 Middle of it, the Manor of it then be- 
 longing to his See ; which was doubtlels- 
 the main Inducement to his Predeceflbr 
 
 Weflwell, or Wefthale, the Lordfliip of Alexander, that munificent BifHop, of 
 
 J *+ v^r f*f . - ~TJ J TT . ..L, A **V* * . \\ '^ -_f l t t ^ i 
 
 John" St. Pbiliberf, 7 Edw.ll. who ob- 
 tained a Grant for free Warren in all 
 his demefne Lands here, and many o- 
 ther his Eftates, and dying, u Edw. III. 
 left it to his Son and Heir John St. Phi- 
 Kbert, who, at his Death, 33 Edw. IIL 
 left no Iffue ; and other Heirs of his, we 
 find none; but as to this Manor, it ap- 
 pears to be the Eftate of Sir Edward 
 Brcoke, Lord C<>bham y 4 Eetiv. IV, when 
 he died pofleffed of it, and left it to his 
 Son and Heir John Lord Cobhum, whofe 
 Pofterity enjoyed it fome Time ; but at 
 length it came to Sir William fetre, Se- 
 cretary of State, who having by an Ex- 
 change pafled it over to King Henry VIII. 
 that King fettled it on his nesv built Col- 
 lege Chrijl-Cburcb, Oxford, which we 
 fuppofc now enjoys it. 
 
 VIII. TAME Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft, 
 with Part of Backinghamjbire ', on the 
 North and Weft, with Part of the fame 
 Shire, and Buttington Hundred ; and on 
 the South, with the Hundreds of Lewk- 
 
 vor and Firtaf. The Fee of this Hundred 
 
 
 
 Lincoln, (to alleviate the public k Odium 
 he had contra&ed by his extravagant 
 Expences in building of Caftles) to e- 
 re& a fmall Monaftery here ; but no- 
 thing of this Foundation is at prefeiu to 
 be feen. 
 
 The Town feems to have been of 
 fome Note in the Saxon Times ; for in 
 the Reign of King Ed-ward Senior, Anno 
 5111, when the Dan/JI) Army, out of Hun- 
 tington, came hither, and ere&ed fome 
 Kind of Fortification, it feems to have 
 been fo confiderable, as to have- had' 
 the Reputation of a Burgh ; for King, 
 Edward coming againft it the fame 
 Year, his Army is faid to have befieged 
 the Burgh of Tame, and taken it v/irh 
 the Slaughter of the Dajiijb King, Earl 
 To^Iof > and Earl Ma a nan his Son, 
 his Brother, and all others whatfoever in 
 the Town. Alfo in the Year 970, Osketil,. 
 Archbifhop of York, is faid to have ended. 
 his Days here. And again, Anno 1010, 
 when the "Danes prer-ran almoil all thefe 
 Parts of England, this Town, among o- 
 thers, fiiftered much from them. 
 
 We find little or nothing inoreef thi* 
 Town, till the. Family Q."ffiflian?s come
 
 tf> be concerned in it, and they by their 
 Favour to it, andBenefa&ions in it, were 
 enough to make it famous alone ; for 
 $okn William*, Efq; fecond Son to Sir 
 Jcbn Williams of Barf eld in Berks, Knt. 
 being made Steward of ail the Lands 
 here belonging to the See of Lincoln, by 
 Robert, then LordBimopof it, z Ectzv. VI. 
 held it at King Edward's Death; and be- 
 ing one of the firft that appeared for 
 Queen Mary's Right againft the Intereft 
 of Queen Jane, he was had in fo great 
 Regard upon her Settlement on the 
 Throne, that he was folemnly created 
 Lord Williams of Tame, and foon after 
 made Lord Chamberlain of her Houfe- 
 hold. Nor was he in left Favour with 
 Queen Elizabeth, for Ihe made him Lord 
 Prefident of her Council for the Princi- 
 pality of Wales and Marches of the 
 fame, upon which Account he was ob- 
 liged to refide at Ludlow, where he died, 
 but had Tame at his Heart, and gave by 
 his Will to it the impropriate Reftories 
 of Brill, Okely, Burjlall and Eajl Nejlon, 
 to found a Free-School here ; and with 
 the Profits of the fame to provide a 
 School-Mafter, who fhould have a year- 
 ly Stipend of twenty- fix Pounds thirteen 
 Shillings and four Pence ; and an Uflier, 
 who fflould have thirteen Pounds fix Shil- 
 lings and eight Pence, for his Salary ; 
 his Executors to have the Nomination of 
 the head School-mafter, for their Lives ; 
 and the Warden and Scholars of New 
 College, Oxferdy ever after. He alfo gave 
 certain Lands in Sydenham for the E- 
 reSionofan Alms-houfe, to confiit of 
 five poor Men, and one Woman, who 
 ihould be allowed each of them yearly 
 for their Maintenance and Cloathing, 
 fcven Pounds and four Shillings, and a 
 new Gown every fourth Year. He was 
 .brought from Ludlow, and buried in the 
 Middle of the Chancel of this Church, 
 tinder a fair white Marble Tomb, ha- 
 ving the Pourtraftures of himfclf, and 
 xme of his Wives, with a long Epitaph 
 engraven on it. He died 14 08cb. 
 -559- 
 
 The gttaterm&s, a Family of great 
 Reputation in thefe Parts in former 
 
 Times, are faid to have built an Hofpi- 
 tal here for the Maintenance of certain 
 poor People ; but there arc at prefent 
 no Remains of it. The Market here is 
 kept on Tuefday weekly, and the Fair 
 on Michaelmas-Day, and two Tuefdavs 
 after. The Seat called Thame-park, is 
 now inhabited by the Lord Wenman, 
 descended (as we fuppofe) from Sir 
 Richard Wenman. t .Knt. who married Ifa- 
 lel, the Coheir of the aforementioned 
 Lord Williams of Thame. It was in this 
 Family that Dr. Seth Ward, the great 
 Ornament of England, after he was ex- 
 pelled Sydney College in the late rebel- 
 lious Times, and tofled up and down 
 long for his Allegiance, found a quiet 
 Settlement till the Reiteration; his in- 
 comparable Learning and obliging Tem- 
 per making way for a kind Reception of 
 him, by the prefent Lord. While he 
 was here, his Skill in Mathematicks pro- 
 cured him the Aftronomy Profeflbrihip 
 at Oxford; but when the Mafter/hip of 
 Jefus was fought of Cromwell for him 
 it was denied him in thefe Words ; He 
 heard he was a defending Man, but a 
 Malignant; but at the Reftoration he 
 was made a Bilhop. 
 
 George Etberidge was born in this Town. 
 He was educated in Corpus Chrifti College 
 and at length was admitted Fellow there. 
 Being licenfed to proceed in Arts, he 
 was admitted to the heading of Hip- 
 focrates ; but his Fame at this Time was 
 greateft for his Skill in the Greek Tongue, 
 on which Account he was chofen the 
 King's Profeflbr of that Language, and 
 kept that Le$yr e till Queen Elizabeth 
 came to the Crown, when having been 
 afiivc againit the Proteftants in Queen 
 Marfs Reign, he was obliged to leave 
 it. After this he lived privately, and 
 got a Maintenance for himfelf and Fa- 
 mily, by praftifing Phyfick, and in- 
 ftruamg the Children of Roman Catho- 
 licks in the Arts and Sciences. He was 
 a noted Mathematician, an eminent He- 
 brician and Grecian, a' witty Poet, and 
 an excellent Phyfician, but adhered to 
 the Roman Catholick Faith to his dy- 
 ing Day,
 
 OXFO R <D S HIR E. 
 
 jfjcot, the Manor and Eftate of Hugh 
 tie Bolebec, at the Time when the general 
 Survey was made by the Conqueror, and 
 left by him to his Son Walter de Bolebec, 
 tvhofe Daughter and Heir marrying 
 Robert de Vere, afterwards Earl of Oxford, 
 carried this Manor, with her other E- 
 ftate, into his Family, which certainly 
 was considerable before, becaufe his Fa- 
 ther Alberto gave the -King 300 Marks, 
 end 3 Palfreys for her Guardianfhip, 
 and himfelf sob Marks, and as many 
 Palfreys for her Marriage. How long 
 it continued in the Oxford Family, we 
 can't exa&ly difcover; but if the Qua- 
 termans pofleffed it, as Mr. Toovey informs 
 us, it muft be very anciently, becaufe 
 we obferve, that when J-ohn WiUiams t 
 afterwards Lord Williams of Tame, pur- 
 chafed Great and Little Ricot together, he 
 is faid to have bought them, 30 Hen. 
 VIII. of Giles Heron of ShakelweU, in the 
 County of Middlefex, Efq; Son of John 
 Heron, fome Time Treafurer of the Cham- 
 her to King Henry VIII. to whom Sir 
 Richard Fowler, Knf. Son to Richard Fow- 
 Jer t Chancellor of the Dutchy of Lanca- 
 fter, had fold them ; all which Aliena- 
 tions, one would think, could not be 
 done in a few Years. But however 
 that be, 
 
 J-clon Williams was in Pofleffion of 
 them, 30 Hen. VIII. and at his Death 
 left them and the reft of his Eftate to his 
 two Daughters and Heirs, Ifabel, who was 
 married to Sir Richard Wenman, Knt. and 
 Margery, to Henry Lord Norris* who with 
 her had this Lordfhip of Ricot, and fe- 
 veral others. He had fix Sons by her, 
 and their eldeft Son William inherited 
 this Manor, as did alfo his Son Francis ', 
 but this laft leaving only one Daughter, 
 Bridget, who was his Heir, and married 
 Sir Edward Wray, one of the Grooms of 
 the Bed-chamber to King Charles I. but 
 fhe had only one Daughter of her own 
 Name, who being their Heir, carried 
 this Manor, with all their Eftate, to her 
 fecond Husband, Montague Earl of Lind- 
 fey, who had by her (being his fecond 
 Wife) James Lord Norris t in her Right, 
 created Earl of Ablngdon t who inherited 
 
 her Eftate here at Rust ; and from him. 
 it is defcended to Montague Venables Ber- 
 ty, the prefent Earl of Abington, whofe 
 iieat is now at this Place. 
 
 The Norrifes of this Place, were ma- 
 ny of them Men of great Renown; foe 
 the above-named William was Marihal 
 of Berwick, and his Son Francis was crea- 
 ted Earl of BerWwe. Sir John Norrit, 
 the fecond Son of Henry Lord Harris , wa* 
 one of the braveft and moft expert Coiri- 
 manders of his Time, and on that Ac- 
 count was made Colonel General of alt 
 her Majcfty Q^ Elizabeth's Forces, fenn 
 to the Relief of Antwerp , 17 Eliz. Tbo- 
 mas y another Son of the faid Henry, wa* 
 made President of Munfter by the laid 
 Queen, and Juftice of Ireland ; and Sir 
 Edward Governor of Of end. A Set of 
 fuch great Men, as fcarce any Family- 
 can boaft of, tho' the Kn:wles come ve- 
 ry near ir, as Dr. Fuller in his Worthies 
 of this County Ihews in a Parallel. 
 
 Aldbury, or Aldhurg, which fignifies the 
 old Borough or Town, ftands on the 
 fame Ground, where the ancient Roman 
 Station Ifurium was. Dr. Plot will have 
 Henley to be the ancienteft Town in this 
 County, and grounds his Conjefture much 
 upon the Derivation of it from the Bri- 
 tijh Word Hen, which fignifies old, and 
 Ley, a Place; but vulgar Tradition rurs, 
 That Aldbury was the Mother of Henley* 
 and confcquently is older, 'which th 
 Doftor thus far allows: That it is proba- 
 ble, that Chrijlian Henley may be younger 
 than Aldbury, in refpe& of a Church 
 built rft here, but upon no other Ac-; 
 count. 
 
 Afcot, the Manor of Thomas de Brothr* 
 ten, Earl of Norfolk, and fifth Son of 
 King Edward I. granted to him by King 
 Edward III. Reg. I. for his many good 
 Services, out of the Pofleffions of Hstgb 
 j e jjgfpenjer, Earl of Winchejler, attainted. 
 j^e i e f c no Iffue Male, and his Daugh- 
 Margaret, married to Sir Walter 
 Knt. and Alice, to EJn-ard^ d 
 j^ on tecute, carried his great Eltate into 
 t h o f e Families. 
 
 j. fa Sancrtft, Nephew to Archbifliop 
 Bancroft, by whofe I^iercil he was mado 
 
 Ei&op 
 
 terS)
 
 O XFO R T) SHIR E. 
 
 of Oxford, of whom we have fpo- 
 ken at Cuddefden above more largely, was 
 born in this Place. He died in the Year 
 1640. 
 
 Milton parva yields a Clay fit for the 
 Potters Ufe. 
 
 Tetsfworth, near which, in an hollow 
 Way leading from Oxford to London, up- 
 on a riling Hill, is found a foft Stone 
 thereabouts, called Maume, of a whitifli 
 Colour, whofe Salt is fo free from the 
 Bonds of Sulphur, that with the Frofts 
 and Rain ic flakes like Lime. The 
 countrey People mend their Roads with 
 it ; but fure they are a very unfit Sort 
 of Amendment, being of fo loofe and o- 
 pen a Salt ; they might more properly 
 improve their Lands with them, fince 
 they will flake of themfelves like Chalk 
 or Marl, for that is a fure Mark of an 
 improving Quality ; or burn them into 
 Lime ; for certainly they would not re- 
 quire above half the Fire to burn away 
 the Sulphur, as other harder Subftances 
 do. 
 
 Wejlon, where was the Seat of Sir Ed- 
 ward Norris, in Mr. Cambden's Days. 
 
 Waterperry, the Seat of Sir John Curfon y 
 Baroner. 
 
 Waterjlock, the dwelling Place of Sir 
 Henry Ajhurjfi, Bart, between which and 
 the Village, the Thames hath its Courfe 
 among delicious and fruitful Meadows. 
 Judge Crake, who was one of thofe Judges 
 that difiented from his Brethrens Opi- 
 nion, about the Ship money, died in this 
 Parifh, Anno 1641, tat. 8z. He, by rea- 
 fon of his great Age, had, about two 
 Years before, petitioned his Majefty for 
 a Quietus, as being, thro* Age, difabled 
 from undergoing the Fatigue of his 
 Place, and obtained not only that, but 
 an Order, that he ihould have the fame 
 Salary for Life, as if he had ftill been a 
 Judge, which fhewed his Majefty's im- 
 partial Refpeft to him, notwithstanding 
 his Opinion was fo contrary to what the 
 other Judges had agreed to, and might 
 be thought very difobliging. 
 
 IX. L E w K N o R Hundred". 
 
 This Hundred, which is very fmall, 
 is thus bounded ; on the Eaft, with Part 
 of Bu kinghamjlrire ; on the Norrh, with 
 Part of that Shire, and the Hundred of 
 Thame,'on the Weft, with the Hundred 
 of Ewelm, and on the South, with the 
 Hundred of Pirton. The Fee of this 
 Hundred was, 28 Edw. i. in Edmund 
 Earl of Cornwall, defcended from Richard 
 Earl of Cornwall, a younger Son of King 
 John* There is no Market-Town in this 
 Hundred, Tame being fo near it. The 
 Villages of Note are 
 
 Lewknor, once furely the chief Town 
 in the Hundred, becaufe it gives Name 
 to it ; but is as obfcure and inconfidera- 
 ble now as the reft of the Villages. 
 
 AdeweJl, the Manor and Eftate of 
 John de Philibert ; for which, with fome 
 other of his Manors, he obtained a Grant 
 for free Warren, 10 Edw. III. 
 
 Here is an ancient Fortification called 
 Adivell-cap having Entrenchments about 
 it on the South-fide. Dr. Plot conjec- 
 tures that it was made about the Year 
 loio, when the Danes (as Simeon of Dur- 
 ham teftifies) came out of their Ships in 
 January, and pafling thro' the Chiltent 
 Woods, went to Oxford and burnt it, e- 
 refting perhaps this fortified Barrow in 
 the Way, where 'tis probable they met 
 with Ibme Oppofition, and loft fome con- 
 fiderable Captain for Valour, but not in 
 Station, becaufe they are made of an 
 unpoliflied Earth. The Circumvallations, 
 of which Part of two or three are vifi- 
 ble, being much different from fuch as 
 are ereftedon the military Ways, makes 
 him queftion, whether there was not 
 fome Camp, with this Trophy of Vi&o- 
 ry perhaps ere&ed in it. 
 
 Afton-Rowant, where is found, as alfb 
 in divers other Places in the Chiltem 
 Country, a Sort of Marcbafite, witli In- 
 fide of a golden, but without of a dark- 
 ifh rufty Colour, and therefore at fome 
 of the Places there called Crow -Iron. 
 
 Cbinner, where one of the Chemlni frfa-^ 
 BafiJical, Coafular, and Pretorian 
 
 Ways,
 
 XPO R 2) SHIR E. 
 
 4*3 
 
 Ways, called Ikenil-fireet, or Way, enters mas Chaucer, were his Heirs ; upon the 
 this County, coming out of Norfolk and " '^' 
 Sttffolk, the Country of the Lent, from 
 whom Cambden and moft of our other 
 Antiquaries agree, that it received its 
 Name Icenild, or Ikenild. Sir Henry Spel- 
 tnan, Mr. Cambden, and fome others, in 
 treating of this Way, have taken no No- 
 tice of its Pafllng thro' this County, which 
 is indeed to be wondered at, but make 
 it the more neceflary for us more fully 
 to prove it, and thus lay it out. And 
 firit, It retains its old Name in many 
 Places to this Day, being called by ma- 
 ny Icknil-way, but by fome Acknil, others 
 Hackney, and others again Hackington ; 
 but all intend the fame Way,thatftretches 
 it felf in this County from North-Eaft 
 
 Partition of his Lands between them, 
 this Manor was affigned to Margaret^ 
 with divers other Lands and Woods. 
 
 X. PIRTON, or Pi RET OK Hundred* 
 
 This Hundred is bounded, on the E-aft, 
 by Part of Buckinghamshire ; on the North, 
 with Lewknor Hundred; on the Weft, 
 with the Hundred of Ewelme, and on 
 the South, with the Hundred of Binfeld* 
 The Fee of this Hundred was alfo, 28 
 Edw. I. in Edmund Earl of Cornwall, de- 
 fcended of Richard Earl of Cornwall, a 
 younger Son of King John. The only 
 Market-Town in this Hundred is 
 
 Watlington, a _Name, as fome learned 
 
 to South- Weft, coming in out of Buck- Men imagine, of no lefs than Britijh An- 
 
 inghamjlrire at this Parifh, and going out tiquity, as feeming to point out the old 
 
 again over the Thames into Berkthire, at Way of the Britains making their Towns 
 
 ^i _ T* - >!_ _ n _ *T*I_ 'TIT * \ /"*.! *.- _ C ,.,!.' L r,_r i -__/__- ..!_ * 
 
 the Parifh of Goring. This Way is not 
 raifed, as fome of the reft are, becaufe 
 it lies along upon the Chiltern Hills, on 
 a firm, faft Ground, having the Hills 
 themfelves as m fufficient Dire&ion, but 
 pafleth thro' no Town or Village in the 
 County but Goring in Langtree Hundred, 
 nor in any other County, which is the 
 Reafon it is much frequented by Stealers 
 of Cattle. Secondly, The Pofition of 
 it favours the Conje&ure, feeming to 
 point towards Norfolk and Suffolk at the 
 Entrance, and towards Devonshire and 
 Cornwall to the Lands End, at the going 
 out 
 
 and Cities, of which Strabo has left us this 
 Account, viz.. Groves fenced about with 
 Trees cut down, and laid crofs one an- 
 other, within which they built them, 
 Sheds for both themfelves and Cattle. 
 This way of Fencing the Saxons called 
 Wauelar, Hurdles, or Wattles ; from 
 whence the Town, probably enough, 
 (fay fay) might have its Name. But 
 be this as it will, we have no Mention. 
 of it in thofe Times, and fo it muft be 
 meer Conje&ure. As to the Tenure of 
 it, Mr. Cambden tells us, that in the Be- 
 ginning of the Norman Times, it belong- 
 
 _ ' .j CJ o /***/* * *jj.*^ii} ** l^v**-*"*^ 
 
 but lince Mr._ Holinjhed and Sir e d to Robert de Oily, who came in with 
 
 William Vugdale, in his Wavia. p. 568, are the Conqueror, likely enough; for tho' 
 
 of a different Opinion, we only offer this it is no where fo faid, as far as we know, 
 
 Opinion to the Judgment of the inquifi- ye t he had nineteen Manors in this 
 
 tive Searcher. The Manor of this Place Shire, and was Conftable of Oxford and 
 
 we find to have been the Eftate of Ed- his Son Nigel, Sheriff. Itfue Male fail- 
 
 v mund Ferrers, Earl of Darby, at his Death, ing afterward, his Eftate went into other 
 
 which happened in or near Chriftmas, 
 14 Hen. VI. William Ferrers was his Heir, 
 And died alfo poflefled of this Manor, 
 9 June, 28 Hen. VI. 
 
 Tythcrp, the Manor and Eftate of John 
 Lord Bergberfi, who, at his Death, 
 leaving no IfTue Male, his two Daughters, 
 Margaret, married firft to Sir Join Green- 
 *///, Knt. and afterward to John Arun- 
 del, Efq; and Metud t the Wife of Tbo- 
 
 Families ; and accordingly we find it the 
 Eftate of Edmund Earl of Kent, and his 
 Heir, Joan, Princefs of Wales, who left 
 it to her Son Thomas Holland, Earl of 
 Kent, in her Right; but this Earl ha- 
 ving forfeited all by Rebellion, his E- 
 ftate was feized, and this Manor was gi- 
 ven, 12 Edw. III. to Nicholas de la, Beche % 
 who foon after procured of the fame 
 King, a Licenfe to make a Caftle of his 
 
 Houfe
 
 4*4 
 
 Houfe here, and on fome others of his 
 Manors ; but of the Cattle here, there are 
 at prefent no other Footfteps than an 
 Hillock, and plain Tokens of a Mote, 
 
 OXFO R 2) SHIR E. 
 
 by way of Augmentation, Anno 
 
 Sherborn, Sh'rrbftrne, or Shirebourne, was 
 held in the Reign of King Henry III. by 
 Henry de Tyes, by the Grant of Richard 
 
 (which is converted into Fiftv ponds now) Earl of Cornwali, as Part of the Barony 
 
 .. /* _ f* _ . . -.!_ _ 7"^ _ rt_ T. _I _ J? ^ 1 /^l_ ...~.. 1. .* T5 .1. ~..j. J_ TV.-- ! . Urt. L fc J 1 _ ^"i 
 
 not far from the Eaft End of the Church. 
 The Market here is kept on Saturday 
 weekly, and the Fairs on Lady-day and 
 Bartholomew's Day. This Town is much 
 beholding to Thomas Stonor, Efq;, who, 
 about the Year 1666, built in it a pretty 
 Market-houfe, and founded a Grammar 
 Free-School. Near the Town is Wat- 
 Kngtcn Park, an healthy Seat of the Stonors. 
 In 1675, Eleanor, the Wife of Henry 
 "Seven, of this Town, brought forth four 
 Children at a Birth, 
 
 Dr. flot gives us an Account of a new 
 Sort of Sectaries rifen up in this Town, 
 ever before heard of in the World, cal- 
 led Anolntevs, from the Ceremony of 
 Anointing ufed by them, in admitting 
 any into their Church, according to St. 
 James's Order, James V. 14, 15. for by 
 the Sick they underftand all but them- 
 fclves, and having certain Elders among 
 them, who are fome poor Tradefmen 
 of the Town, they anoint their Con- 
 verts with common Oil, with which be- 
 ing fmeared, they become prefently 
 Lights of the Church. A People worthy 
 ajoting for being remarkably mad. 
 
 P/rfcw, or as it is written in ancient 
 X>eeds, Pynton and Piritcn, the Eftatc 
 .nd Demefne ofTktmas deterctherton, Earl 
 of Norfolk^ i Ediv. III. during Life, and 
 upon its Reverting to the Crown, given 
 10 Thomas de Woodftock, commonly called, 
 The good Duke oGIoceJler,by King Richard 
 II. He left Humphrey his Son and Heir ; 
 but he being kept a Prifoncr from the 
 Time ofbis Father* Death, died unmar- 
 ried, and his Ettate was divided between 
 hi.N .three Sifters, but to which of^lheni 
 this Manor fell, we can't difcover. In 
 thefe Times, or before this Place was 
 the chief Town in the Hundred, as is 
 probable, becaufc the Hundred takes its 
 Denomination from it. The Church 
 litre is a Vicarage, to which Dr. jfafper 
 friaire, Archdeacon of Cbichcfier, in his 
 lull Yyilj. gave, one Hundred 
 
 3 
 
 of Robert de Drttls. He obtained a Char- 
 ter of King Edward I. Reg. 28. for free 
 Warren in all his demefne Lands 
 here, and other Parts of his Eftate. 
 He left no Iflue Male ; whereupon Alice y 
 his only Daughter, married to War'me da 
 L'Ifle, was his Heir ; fhe obtained a Char- 
 ter of free Warren for all her Demefnes 
 here, and a Liberty to incloie an hun- 
 dred Acres of Wood, and forty Acres 
 Wafte in this Parifti, to make a Park, 
 10 Edw. III. Her Heir, by Warine At 
 L'ljle, was Gerard de Lifle, to whom, after 
 her Death, this Manor and her other E- 
 ftates defcended ; but he leaving only a 
 Daughter, named Margaret, ihe married 
 Thomas Lord Berkley, and carried if, with 
 all her other Eftates, to this Family. 
 Mr. Cambden tells us, that anciently here 
 was a fmall Caftle of the Quatermain's^ 
 which is ftill ftanding, and has for many 
 Generations been the Seat and Eftate of 
 the Chamberlains, defcended from the 
 Earls of Tarikervitt, who bearing the Of- 
 fice of Chamberlain to the Dukes of 
 Normandy, their Pofterity laid afide the 
 Name of Tankervitt, and called them- 
 felves Chamberlain from that Office, which 
 their Anceftors had enjoyed. The laft 
 Heir Alale of this Family, about the 
 Year 1654, leaving only Daughters, -viz. 
 one married to the Lord Abergavenny t 
 who having no Hue, fold the greateft 
 Part of her Share (except the Cattle) to 
 Samuel Toovcy, Efq; and others. The o- 
 
 ther married to Sir Gage of 
 
 Farle in Suffex, Knt. and jFofeph Gage, Efq; 
 his Son and Heir, inherited the Remain- 
 der of his Aunt's Eftate, and fo the Ca- 
 ftle here became his Seat ; but in the 
 Year 1716, his Son and Heir Thomas 
 Gage, Efq; fold it and all the Eftate 
 thereunto belonging, to Sir Thomas 
 Parker, then Lord Chief Juftice of the 
 King's Bench, (and fince Lord Parker 
 and Lord High Chancellor) whofe Seac 
 now it is.
 
 O 
 
 R <D S H I R E. 
 
 Aftertax, a fmall Village, remarkable 
 only for a certain Spring, which fore- 
 tells (and naturally enough, fays Dr. 
 'Plot'} the Scarcity and Dearnefs of Corn 
 andVi&uals; for. in fertile Years 'tis 
 always dry, but before a Scarcity, the 
 Waters, as the Harbingers of an ap- 
 proaching Dearth, get loofc, and as it 
 were breaking Prifon, unite into a 
 Stream; and fo they did in 1674, with 
 that Violence, that feverai Mills might 
 have been driven with the Current ; 
 and had not the Town of Henley made 
 fome Diverfion for them, their Fair-mile 
 might have been drowned for a confide- 
 rable Time. There are many of them 
 in Kent, where they are called Naidounis. 
 The natural Principles of thefe Springs 
 depend fo much on uncertain Caules, 
 that there is no gueffing at them. 
 
 Stonor, the ancient PofTeffions of the 
 Families of Stonors, who, ever fince the 
 Times of King Edward III. when Sir John 
 Stonor was Chief Juftice of the Common 
 Pleas, have flounfhed with great Alli- 
 ances and fair Revenues, until they 
 were transferred by an Heir General to 
 Sir Adrian Fortefcue, unhappily attainted, 
 whofe Daughter and Heir to her Mo- 
 ther, was married to Baron fVentworth, 
 and carried the Stonors Eftate into his 
 Family. Her Son Thomas was created 
 Baron Went<wortl> of Nettle fted in Effex, 
 and Earl of Cleveland in Yorkshire, t Car. 
 I. But yet the Stonors were not extinct ; 
 for within the Memory of our Grand- 
 fathers, Sir Francis Stonor, then inhabi- 
 ting here, built an Alms-houfe for ten 
 poor People at Upper-Ajhenden, about half 
 a Mile from hence, and endowed the 
 lame with a Rent-charge of Sixty-one 
 Pounds per Annum, out of the Eftate of 
 one Mr. Hobby of Bijbtm in Berkfiirt. It 
 is faid that the Stonors were in Pofleffion 
 of this Place before the Conqueft ; and 
 if fo, they have been as lafting a Fa- 
 mily as any almoft in England; for they 
 ftill remain in good Efteem under the pre- 
 fent worfhipful Thomas Stonor, Efq; who 
 is living in good Repute in this Place. 
 
 The Cbiltern Country, fo called, from 
 its bordering upon the Hills called the 
 
 Cbiltern- Hills, -which run in a continual 
 Ridge from Henley upon Tbawej, towards 
 the Northern Parrs of this County, fepa- 
 rating it from Buckingham faire, (where, 
 becaufe there is little faid of them, \ve 
 fliall now fpeak the more) and taking in 
 Part of the Hundred of Einfeld, and the 
 whole Hundreds of Pirton and Lewknor. 
 Chiltern (faith Mr. Cxmbden in Eu<ks) 
 hath its Name fro =11 the Nature of the 
 Soil, Cih, or Chilt, in Saxon, being Chaik, 
 for the Country fo called, rifeth for the 
 moft Part into the chalky Hilis, covered 
 with Woods and Groves of Beeches. 
 But the Author of the Additions tells us, 
 that in the Saxon Tongue, there doth, 
 not appear any fuch Word as cyi, 
 or chyle for Chalk, for they alway* 
 call it ceale , and yet it is certain, that 
 in the Saxon Times it had that Name. 
 Mr. Somner therefore interprets it kcut 
 gelidus, but for what Reafon we knov/ 
 not, unlcfs he has Refpeft to our Word 
 Chill, which fignifies Cold. The Wood* 
 upon thefe Hills being fo thick, that 
 they were unpaflable, and thereby be- 
 come a common Receptacle and Har- 
 bour for Thieves, Leofjtan, Abbot of St. 
 Albansy much thinned them ; and the 
 Danes coming after them in 1009, in 
 their Journey out of Kent, into O.rforJ- 
 Jlrire, burnt them all down ; but now in- 
 ftead thereof, there are Towns and little 
 Villages fprungup among the Hills, both 
 on this Side and Budsjngbamjbire Side, a 
 Watllngton, Dun fable, &c. 
 
 The more rare natural Productions of 
 this County are Flints, very plentiful, 
 and among them the black One, which 
 being well poliflied, will fupply the 
 Place of the Lydian Stone. At Henley 
 they ufe them in making Glafs. They 
 are of divers Colours ; and fome of 
 them are fo tranfparent, that they feem 
 not only to imitate, but to be the very 
 fame with Acbats. We may efteem them 
 fuch Flints as Kentman calls, Pellnentes 
 f.trd& colore. 
 
 H fa h 
 
 XI. I; o-
 
 426 
 
 XI. DORCHESTER Hundred. 
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 pleat the Converfiom of it ; one and 
 
 forty Years after the coming of Auguftine 
 the Monk, began his Preaching in the 
 
 This Hundred lies on the oppofite Side Kingdom of the Weft Saxons, and was 
 of the County to Pirton Hundred, and is fo fuccefsful, that he converted not only- 
 bounded on the Eaft, with the Hundred the People, but the King, whofc Name 
 of Eivelme ; on the North, with the 
 Hundred of Ploughley ; on the Weft, with 
 
 was Kinglls. Ofivald, King of Northum- 
 berland, was prefent at his Baptifm 
 
 Part of Berkshire, from which it is parted and that the Church newly eftablimed, 
 by the Ifes, which receives the Thame at might be fettled under a regular Govern- 
 
 Dorcbejler, and on the South, with the Ri- 
 ver and County. The Fee of the Hun- 
 dred is in the Crown, and in the Jurif- 
 di&ion of the Sheriff. The chief Town 
 which gives Name to it is 
 
 Dorchefter, an ancient City of the Bn- 
 taltis, called by them Cair Dauri, as H- 
 tington, and Ninmus tell us, Cair Dorin, by 
 Alfred of Beverley ; Civitas "Dorcini* by 
 
 Bede ', and Hydrofoils by Leland ; for Dour a fhort Time became (as William of 
 in the Britijl) Language Signifies Water ; JMalmsbury fells us) a fmall and unfre- 
 quented Town; but the Beauty and 
 Statelinefs of its Churches was very re- 
 markable, as well for the ancient Work r 
 as the Care at that Time taken of them 
 
 ment, they both agreed together to make 
 Birintts the Bifhop of it, and fettle his 
 See at this Place, where it continued 
 four hundred and fixty Years ; and then 
 it was tranflated to Lincoln by Remigitis, 
 the laft Bifhop of this, and the firft of 
 that See, in the Time of William the 
 Conqueror. After this Removal, the 
 Town began fenfibly to decay, and in 
 
 and Cefter implies a Town, or City, as 
 well as a Caftle or Fortification, fays the 
 fame Hiftorian. That this Place was 
 formerly a Roman Station, Several of 
 their Coins and Medals bearing their 
 
 by the People. In later Times it was a 
 
 Stamp, (not accidentally dropt, but bu- great Lofs to this Town, that the Road 
 ried on Purpofe before a Fight, to fecure to London, which lay through it the pre- 
 
 (* I -". t.l I A * I 
 
 them from their Enemies, or when they 
 left this Ifland, to find it at their Re- 
 turn) found frequently in and about this 
 Town, do fufficiently prove. On the 
 South, and by Weft Side of the 
 Town alfo, there are two Banks, with a 
 Trench between them, (called D/fce-H/7/f) 
 which, Dr. Plot is of Opinion, cannot be 
 
 ceeding Ages, is now turned another 
 Way, which hath fo impoverished and 
 weakened it ; that whereas it was once 
 a City, it fcarccly deferves the Name of 
 a Town at prefent, (fays Mr. Cambden) 
 but we luppofe it hath in thefe later 
 Times fomething recovered it felf-; for 
 Mr Ogilby,_ in his Defcription of the 
 
 Part of any Roman Highway, becaufe Roads of England, gives this Chara&er 
 they arc extended only as a String to the of it, That it is a fair and large Market- 
 great Bow of the River Thames ; but he Shire-Town, and a Corporation, 
 rather fuppoles them a Fortification^ We are told in the Hiftory of 
 fuch as P. OJtorius is faid by Tacitus to that the fuperftitious Age enfuing, tfuilt 
 Bave raifed upon the Rivers Antona and 
 Sabrina ' } or elfc fome of the Outworks of 
 
 the Fortifications on Long Witenkam-Vitt, lame, they Should find Help, if they 
 
 n the other Side of the River IJls, which would creep to his Shrine, 
 
 was perhaps the Sinnodumim of the An- A little below this Town Southward, 
 
 ient Britains. We know no more of this the Tama River joins with the Ips, and 
 
 Birinus a Shrine in this Town ; to which, 
 if any Perfons had any Cattle fick or 
 
 Place in the Britijl} Times 
 
 But in the Days of the Saxons it be- 
 
 making but one Stream, bears a com- 
 pound Name, being henceforth called 
 
 came of great Note upon this Occafion : Thame-IJis y or for~Shortnefs, Thames, 
 
 Sirinus, an Italian Divine, being fent by after the fame Manner as the Rivers 
 
 Fope Hwerim into this Ifland, to com- 7W and Dan in fttdea t and Dor and Dan 
 
 K in
 
 XFO R 2) S II I R E. 
 
 in France, uniting, make the Rivers 
 Jordan and Dordav. Mr. Cambden, who 
 bath, in divers other Places, mentioned 
 the Poem called, The Marriage of ike 
 
 427 
 
 to the Affiftance of his Majefty Kirg 
 Charles I. and fupplied him wirh twenty- 
 four Thoufand Pounds in Money; but 
 being taken Prifoner by the Lord Wll- 
 
 Thame and Ifis, which he feems to have loughby of Parham, near Gainsborough, was 
 much admired, rehearfeth a large Part flain by the King s Party in endeavouring 
 of it, which is engliftied by the Tranf- his Refcue, in 1643. This Henry his 
 
 lators of Mr. Cambden in this Place, 
 which, if any poetically, rather than 
 hiftorically inclined, defire to fee, we 
 fliall refer them to both the laft Editions 
 of Cambden s Hiftory, being our proper 
 Work ; and as for the See at this Place, 
 we refer it to our Ecclefiaftical Hiftory 
 of this County. 
 
 In the Times the Danes troubled this 
 Iflandwith their Ravages, King Ethel- 
 Ian, the Son of King Edward, Senior, 
 
 Son inherited his Loyalty as well as his 
 Honour, and attended his Majefty thro* 
 all his Troubles, being with him in the 
 Garrifon at Oxford, and feveral other 
 Places, and one of his Majefty 's molt 
 honourable Privy Counfel, was, in Re- 
 fpe& thereof, and other his great Me- 
 rits, 20 Car. I. raifed to the higher De- 
 gree of Honour, of Marquis of Dorchefte r ; 
 but leaving no Heirs of his Body, his 
 
 } D Title of Marquis became extintt, in 
 
 guarded thefe Parts from all Difturbance 1680, but the Earldom defcended to his 
 by them; and particularly in 958, held next Brother 'William Pierpoint of Tho- 
 
 rowsby in Nottinghamshire, the Grandfather 
 of Robert, William and Evelin, Earls of 
 Kingfton fucceflively ; but none but the 
 
 a Council in this Town,- as the learned 
 Biftiop Kennet informs us from an old 
 Record, which fays, In dvitate celeberrim* 
 
 qu& Darnacejlre appe/tatur, and there gave laft Marquis of Dorchejter. 
 a Charter, fubfcribcd by 4 Tributary 
 Kings, two Archbifhops, and fourteen Catharine Sidley, Daughter of Sir Charts 
 Bifhops, to the Convent of Malmsbury. Sidley, Bart, a Gentlewoman much in. 
 This Place hath given a Title of Ho- Favour with King James II. who crca- 
 neur to divers worthy Perfons and Fami- ted her, 2 fan. i Jac. II. Baronefs of 
 lies, viz.- Sir Dudley Carlehn, Knt. who Darlington, in the the County Palatine ot 
 having been Vice-chamberlain to King Durham, and Countefs of Derchejler, for 
 Charles I. and employed as an Embafla- Life. She afterwards married David Earl 
 dor to Venice, was advanced to the Digni- of Portmore, in Scotland. 
 ty of a Baron of this Realm, 22 May, 
 L Car. I. by the Title of Baron of Imber- 
 
 Evefin Pierpoint, Earl of Kingfton, \vas 
 
 court in the County of Surrey ; and the reftored to his hereditary Title of M:u- 
 
 "" quis of Dorchejler, by Queen Anne, 23 
 Decemb. Reg. 5. He is (ince made Duke 
 of Kingjlon by King George, but hath no 
 Heirs Male. 
 
 Chifel hampton, commonly called Chejle- 
 ton, a pleafant'Seat of Sir John D'Oiley, 
 Bart, a Defcendant of the ancienr Fami- 
 ly of the D'Oileys, who came into Eng- 
 land with the Conqueror, and have mudi 
 flouriflied in this Shire. 
 
 Clifton, a Village of Note only for 
 fome unufual natural Produih'ons, as a 
 Spring ftrangely fated, with a Kind of 
 Salt rifing out of a Sand of the fame Na- 
 ture, which, were it experienced, would 
 be of great Ufe to make the Grounds in 
 H h h a and 
 
 next Year accompanyng Sir William 
 Seager, Garter principal King at Arms 
 to Henry Prince of Orange, with the En- 
 figns of the noble Order of the Garter, 
 was foon after created Vifcount Dorche- 
 fter of this Place, and one of his Ma- 
 jefty's principal Secretaries of State. He 
 had two Wives, but left no Son, and fo 
 his Honour became extinft. He was bu- 
 ried in St. Paul's Chapel in Weftrninfker 
 Abbey. 
 
 Henry Pierpoint, Baron of Ho!m-pjerpoint^ 
 Vifcount Ntwark, and Earl of Kinpjlon, 
 Son of that loyal and noble Peer Robert 
 Earl of Kingjlon, who brought 4000 Men
 
 XFO R<D S HIRE. 
 
 and about it fruitful, as is found in Che- 
 fhire and Devon jlnre. 
 
 Cullam, the Manor and Eftate of Ri- 
 chard Budde, Royal Auditor for feveral 
 Counties, in the Reign of King Charles I. 
 who gave an Annuity of ill. us od. 
 to Jefm College, for the Maintenance of 
 one Scholar. 
 
 Drayton, whofe Parfonage being Part 
 of the Pofleflions of the Monks of St. Fri- 
 defaulde s Priory at Oxford, was at the Dif- 
 folution of the Monafteries, feized by 
 King Henry VIII. and given to his Col- 
 Jege of Chrift-Church in the fame Univer- 
 fity, as we fuppofe it ftill remains. 
 
 Stadham, the native Place of Dr. Join 
 Owen, a leading Man among the Presby- 
 terians firft, and afcer of the Independents, 
 in the late Times. He was made Dean 
 of Chrijl- Church for his zealous Preaching 
 againft the loyal Party and Caufe, yet 
 was not excepted when King Charles II. 
 pafled the Aft of Indemnity, as was 
 thought he would have been. At the Re- 
 ftoration he retired to Stadham, where 
 he had bought him a fair dwelling Houfe, 
 and fome Lands, and upheld fome 
 Meetings there; but Chancellor Hide 
 knowing him to be a Man of Parts, 
 Learning and Intereft among the People, 
 fent to let him know, that if he could 
 not conform, and would employ himfelf 
 in writing againft the Papifts, he fliould 
 not want Encouragement ; he promiled 
 fo to do, but being found to break his 
 Word, the Chancellor difcardcd him, 
 and he retiring to London, kept up a 
 Conventicle, defended the Separation, 
 fife, to his dying Day, which happened 
 Anno idS}. ttat. 6*7. 
 
 South-Stoke, where are two fmall but 
 very weak Springs, whofe Waters look 
 like Milk, but have no fuch Tafte. 
 They were of great Repute fome Years 
 {ince, fora medicinal Ufe, but now are 
 quite deferted. The People of it fay, 
 they were very Sovereign, and never 
 ceafed runring, till fome Advantage was 
 made of the Water, and then Providence 
 with-held them at .Times. They iflue 
 forth from a fat whitifli Earth, and 
 have ulway a Kind of un&uous Skin up- 
 
 on them, yet to the Tafte they feem 
 dry and ftiptical, as if they proceeded 
 from a Lime-ftone lying deep in the 
 Earth. 
 
 In this Place was born Griffin Higgs, 
 Fellow of Merton College, and Pro&or of 
 the Univerfity ; after which, in 1627, 
 he was fent Chaplain to the Queen of 
 Bohemia, in which Office he continued 
 12 Years, and in that Teme was created 
 Do&or of Divinity at Leyden, by the fa- 
 mous Andrew Rivet. Being called home 
 by the King, he was, by the Favour of 
 Archbifliop Laud, made Re&or of Cllffe 
 in Kent, Chantor of St. David's, and 
 Dean of Llchfald, 1638. Upon the 
 Breaking out of the Civil Wars, he was 
 plundered and ftript of all his Spiritual- 
 ties ; wherefore to efcape farther Mole- 
 ftation, he retired to this Place of his 
 Nativity, and fpent his Days in Priva- 
 cy, Study and Devotion. He died i5 
 Decemb. 1659, and by his Will gave five 
 Pounds to the Church here, TOO/, to 
 buy Land, towards the Maintenance of 
 the Poor; 600 1. to purchafe 307. per 
 Ann. for a School-mafter to teach School 
 here ; the Mafter and Fellows of Merton 
 to ereft the School, and be Patrons of 
 it for ever ; feveral Books to the pub- 
 lick Library, and all the reft of his Li- 
 brary, (which had been taken from him, 
 and placed at Stafford} to Merton Col- 
 lege, but the Staffordians would never 
 reftore them ; and 10 /. per Ann. for a 
 Library -keeper, befides other Things. 
 
 XII. The Hundred of EWE L ME. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Esift, 
 with the Hundred of Plrton ; on the 
 North, with the Hundred of Thame ; on 
 the Weft, with the Hundred of Dorche- 
 jler, and on the South with the Hun- 
 dred of Langtree. The Fee of this Hun- 
 dred we fuppofe to be in the Crown, and 
 under the Gowernment of the High She- 
 riff. There is no Market-Town in this 
 Hundred ; and among the Villages we 
 give the firft Place to 
 
 Ewelme, becaufe it gives Name to the 
 Hundred, and was probably at that 
 
 Time
 
 O XFO R <D S fl IRE. 
 
 Time the chief Town in it. The Ma- 
 nor was, 47 Edw. III. the Eftate of the 
 Family of Burgherjhe, of whom John, the 
 laft Male Heir, leaving only Daugters, 
 Maud the Youngeft of them, carried this 
 Eftate to Thomas Chaucer by Marriage, 
 from whom by their Heir General Alice, 
 it was again removed into the Family of 
 the then Dukes of Suffolk, William de la 
 Pole, Duke of Suffolk, then marrying her. 
 This William built a Seat for himfelf and 
 Family here, becaufe by his Wife he had 
 feveral large Eftates about it. It was 
 called Ewelme, (vulgarly New Elm) 
 from the Elms here growing. Befides 
 this Houfe, he alfo built a neat Church 
 (in the which his Lady Alice lies interred) 
 and a fair Hofpital, called God's Houfe, 
 confifting of two Priefts, and thirteen 
 poor Men, which he endowed with the 
 Manors of Merjhe in Bucks, Corrock in 
 Wilts, and Ramrug in Hampjhire. In the 
 Church was alfo buried Michael de la 
 Pole; and near the high Altar, under a 
 fair Alabafter Monument, lies the above- 
 mentioned Alice, with her Image there- 
 on, in the Habit of a Votary crowned. 
 But John de la Pole, the Grandchild 
 of the above-mentioned William, who, 
 by Reafbn of his Nearnefs of Blood to 
 King Edward IV. whofe Sifter Elizabeth 
 was his Mother, was, in his Father's 
 Life- time, by a fpecial Charter, created 
 Earl of Lincoln, utterly ruin'd his Fami- 
 ly. For in King Richard the Hid s Life- 
 time, he fuffcred himfelf to be pro- 
 claimed Heir apparent to the Crown of 
 Englandby King Richard, after his Son's 
 Death ; but after King Henry VII. was 
 fettled on the Throne, and had mar- 
 ried the right Heir of the York Family, 
 he confpired with his Aunt Margaret, 
 Dutchefs of Burgundy, and other Male- 
 contents, to dethrone him, and fet up 
 Lambert Simnel, under the Name of Ed- 
 ward Plantagenet, Son to George Duke of 
 Clarence ; for which End he, with Ed- 
 mund his Brother and next Heir, came 
 into England with 4000 able Soldiers, 
 tinder the Command of Martin Swart, a 
 (tout German Commander, and engaged 
 in a Fight with King Henry's Forces, at 
 5 
 
 Stokt near Newarke upon Trent, but they 
 were vanquished ; whereupon he was at- 
 tainted, and being deprived of his Ho- 
 nour, his Eftate was confifcated. After 
 this, King Henry VIII. adding fome neigh- 
 bouring Manors to this of Ewelme, made 
 an Honour of them. Wallingford was one 
 of them, and did a long Time belong to 
 the Dukes of Cornwall. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Place (with a 
 Canon ry of Chrijl- Church in Oxford) King 
 James I. in the third Year of his Reign, 
 annexed to the Office of Regius Profef- 
 for of Divinity in that Univerfity, as he 
 did at the fame Time the Government of 
 the Hofpital here, to the Profeflbr of 
 Phyfick's Place; for which Settlements, 
 and others of the like Nature, that 
 Prince was one of the molt generous 
 Patrons to Learning and chief Benefa&ors 
 to that Univerfity. 
 
 In the Year 1720, a Waggon paffing 
 over the Common belonging to this 
 Town, happened to break up the Ground 
 near the ancient Roman Way, called 
 Ickenhil-jlreet, by which was dilcovered a 
 large Roman Urn, containing an hand- 
 fome Colle&ion of Copper Coins, fome 
 of them as ancient as the Arrival of the 
 Romans under Julius C&far, the moft va- 
 luable of which are now in the Poffeffioa 
 of Mr. Tipping at Weft-Court in Ewelme. 
 
 Bild-u'in-Brightwelt, a Seat of Anthony 
 Carlton, Efq; Father of Sir Dudley Carl- 
 ton, who was born there, and after- 
 wards became fb eminent a Statefman, 
 that he was knighted by King James I. 
 and created Vifcount Dorchejler by King 
 Charles I. as we have mewed above. 
 
 Berfington, or Benfon, a Village fituate 
 on the Thames, a little below the Con- 
 jun&ion of it with the IJls. Marian calls 
 it a Royal Vill, and reports, that it was 
 taken from the Britains by Ceaulin, in the 
 Year 572, and poffefled by the Weft 
 Saxons for two Hundred Years following. 
 The Truth is, That this Place lying 
 upon the Frontiers of the Weft Saxtnand, 
 Mercian Kingdoms, often changed its 
 Matters in the frequent Contefts between 
 them. For Offa, King of the Mercians^ 
 thinking both his Intereft and Reputa- 
 tion
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 tation concerned, that they fhould hold 
 nothing on that Side the River went o- 
 ver ; and having won it, Anno 778 or 
 779, joined it to his own Kingdom. In 
 later Times after the Conqueft, the Ma- 
 nor feems to have been the Eftate of 
 Edmund Earl of Kent, whofe Daughter 
 Joanna, the admired Beauty of her Age, 
 carried it into the Family of Thomas 
 Holland, in her Right, Earl of Kent, 
 whofe Heir by her inherited it ; Hie 
 was after married to Edward the 
 Black Prince, and bore the Title of 
 Princefs of Wales at her Death. At pre- 
 fent it is afmall Village, and fhews at a 
 little Diftance from it a Palace of our 
 Kings, which has been formerly a beau- 
 tiful Structure; but is now fallen into 
 
 the Roman Highway called Iksnild-jheet t 
 being not far from it ; but whe- 
 ther the Glafs contained a Lamp, or Wa- 
 ter, as a Lachrymatory, or fome aro- 
 matical Liquor, did not appear ; tho' our 
 Do&or conje&ures it contained the laft. 
 (3.) The Chriftian Unanimity of this 
 Parifh of "Bright-well, where thro* the pi- 
 ous and prudent Conduft of Mr. Stone 
 and the Minifter, and the good Difpofi- 
 tion of the People themfelves, there has 
 not been known any fuch Thing as an 
 Ale-houfe, a Seftary, or a Suit of Law 
 within the Parifh. (tho' of a large Ex- 
 lent) within the Memory of Man ; 
 which being more than can be faid of al- 
 moft any Parifli of England^ this may be 
 a Pattern to mew what the Heads of Pa- 
 
 Grounds. 
 
 The Roman Way caft up between Al- 
 cejter and Wattingfvrd, goes over the Ri- 
 ver Thames, at this Place, where it may 
 be feen running Well of the Church, 
 
 is now 
 
 great Decay, by Reafon of the unheal- rifh.es and Miniftermay do, if they unite 
 
 thy Situation of it, near boggy and low to keep a Parifh in Order. 
 
 Herbert Weftphallng, a Foreigner, born 
 in Weftphatta in ^Germany, was Re&or of 
 this Parifh. He was made one of the 
 Students of Chrijl- Church, as foon as the 
 
 w . _ __ , Buildings and Foundation were com- 
 
 tind is there called by the Inhabitants pleated by King Henry VIII. and after 
 
 jAedlers Bank, for what Reafon, is not inftalled one of the Canons, being about 
 
 known. The Parfonage of this Town, 
 
 which, before the Diffolution, belonged 
 
 to the Monaftery of St. 'FridefwlAe, was 
 
 given by King Henry VIII. to his College 
 
 of Chrlfl-Church, to which it at this Time 
 
 appertains, as we fuppofe. 
 
 Berrick, where, in the Chalk-pits^ is 
 
 found a Sort of Iron-coloured Terra La- 
 pidofa, in the very Body of the Chalk, 
 
 that Time inftituted to this Reftory. In 
 i $66, he was appointed one of the Dif- 
 putants before Queen Elizabeth ; and be- 
 ing made a Canon of Windfor, was,^ up- 
 on the Death of Dr. Rujh, confecrated 
 Bifhop of Hereford. He was a Perfon of 
 great Gravity, and moft worthy of his 
 Fun&ion. He died I Mar. 1601, and 
 was buried in his Cathedral. He gave 
 
 called by the Diggers Iron-moulds, of an two Fellowmips, and as many Scholar- 
 oval Figure. Dr. Plot feems to wonder {hips to jFefus College, 
 both at the Place they grow 
 
 at' the Place they grow in, and 
 at their Shape, and confeueth them be- 
 yond his Knowledge, as well as the 
 Ufe. 
 
 Brightwell is memorable for many 
 Things, as, (i.) That it is the Seat of a 
 worthy Family, of the Name of Stone', 
 as alfo, (2.0 That in the Grounds near 
 it. Par: 'of the Pofleffions of J-ohn Stone 
 of this Place, Efq; was found a Glais- 
 Veffcl of an odd Shape, in a Parcel of 
 Ground called Bw/by Leas, furrounded 
 with no lefs than twelve Urns, all of a 
 Roman Make, as may be juftly thought, 
 
 Chalgrave, a fmall Village, whofe Par- 
 fonage, before the Suppreflion of the 
 Monarterics, belonged to the Priory of 
 St. Frideftuide, Oxford; but being then in 
 the Hands of King Henry VIII. was by 
 him fettled on his new built College, 
 ChriJl-Churchy as we fuppole it ftiJl re- 
 mains. 
 
 Cromijh, or Craivmerjl)") the Manor of 
 Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford, which he 
 gave, in Part of his Daughter Jean's Por- 
 tion, to William Earl of Warren and Sur- 
 rey, 21 Edw. I. 
 
 Dseycot,
 
 OXFO R <D SffIR E. 
 
 Ereyeot, famous for the Habitation of 
 Sir George Tipping, and the Birth of his 
 Son William Tipping, who, tho' he took 
 his Degree in Arts, and ftudicd fome- 
 time in one of the Inns of Court, yet 
 being pioufly inclined, retired to Oxford, 
 and lived there fingle many Years, for 
 the Sake of Scholaftick Company and 
 Books. He was a Tuftice of the Peace, 
 and one of the Vifitors of the Univer- 
 fity ; but was rather paffive than a&ive, 
 fave that he took the Opportunity to 
 get his Degree of Matter of Arts ; for he 
 regarded neither Wealth, Greatnefs or 
 Power, but gave himfelf up folely to 
 Learning, Piety and Charity. He gave 
 twenty Shillings per Ann. to All-Saints Pa- 
 rifti in Oxford, for a Sermon to be preach- 
 ed there every Good Friday ; and an Hun- 
 dred Pounds towards the Building of a 
 Brldewell-Houfe, fome Years before the 
 Rebellion broke out. 
 
 Hafely Magna and Parva, the Demefne 
 of the Pipards, and after of Thomas Duke 
 of Glocefter, who died poflefled of it, zi 
 Richard II. and left it to his Son Hum- 
 phrey, who died without Heirs, being 
 drowned in his Paflage from Ireland. In 
 After-time the Family of the Barentines 
 flourilhed here. LeJand fays, they had 
 in the Reign of King Henry VIII. a right 
 fair Mannon-place here, with marvel- 
 lous fine Walks, (tcpiarii Operis) and 
 Orchards and Pools ; but Heirs Male 
 failing in Sir William Barentine, his 
 Daughter and Heir Mary, by marrying 
 Anthony Huddlejlon, Efq; carried his E- 
 ftate into that Family. The Reftory 
 of this Parifri is a large Revenue. Dr. 
 Chriftopher Wren, Brother of Dr. Matthew 
 Wren, Bifhop of Ely, Dean of Windfor, 
 ftPr. was made Minifter of it, Ncvemb, 
 1638. He was eje&ed from all his Pre- 
 ferments by the Parliament's Authority, 
 and died before the Reftoration, Anno 
 1658, at Blechingdon in this County, in 
 the Houfe of Mr. Holder, who had mar- 
 ried his Daughter. At the Reftoration 
 of King Charles II. Peter Wentworth of 
 Baliol College, who had been Dean of 
 Armagh ; but was eje&ed in the Times of 
 the Rebellion, was Re&or of this Place, 
 5- 
 
 but held it a Year only, dying at 
 in i661. He might have been a BifhoP 
 if he would have returned into Ireland, 
 but he would not ; . contenting himfelf 
 with this rich Rectory. 
 
 Langford, the Ellare of Earl Harold in 
 Edward the ConfelTor's Time, as appears 
 by the Conqueror's Sun'ey. 
 
 Latchford, an Hamlet of Great Hafeley, 
 which, having for fome Succeffions, be- 
 longed to the Pipards, was given by Wil- 
 liam Pipard to a younger Son, to uphold 
 that Dignity of Knighthood, which King 
 Edward III. in the Beginning of his 
 Reign, had conferred upon him, for his 
 brave military Ats which he had per- 
 formed againft the Scots- From this 
 Branch or the Pipards, this Manor of 
 Lachford pafied to the Lenthals by the 
 Marriage of the Heir General, who wera 
 inPofleflion of it in the laft Century. 
 
 Netelbedde, the Lordfhip of Edmund 
 Earl of Cornwall, who having founded a 
 College at Afierug in Buckingham foire, in 
 Honour of the Blood of our Saviour, for 
 certain Brethren called Bonhomes, gave, 
 among other Eftates, thefe Woods 
 in this Pariih to them ; and after of 
 Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, 9 Rich. II. 
 In this Parifh there are fome Gifrs of 
 Nature very remarkable,, v/z a flow 
 Spring, which feems to fweat rather than 
 run out of the Earth, flopping where it 
 rifes, and never fending any Supplies of 
 Water either to Lakes or Sea, which 
 are the moft durable Springs. The Peo- 
 ple call it Mother Hibblemeer, from we 
 know not what old Witch, in Derifion ; 
 whereas, if they confidercd how fcr- 
 viceable it hath been to them, being ne- 
 ver knownto fail in the drieft Summer, 
 and that in a Country fo uncapable of 
 Wells, that there is no fuch Thing to 
 be found in the PariPn ; they ought to 
 refpeft it, as the Nymph of the 
 Place. 
 
 North-Newenton, the Eftate of Nicholas 
 Lord Segrave, for which he procured a 
 Charter cf free Warren, 2,8 Ed<w. I. and 
 left it to his Heir Maud) married to 
 Edmund de Bokun, 
 
 Nuff.tld,
 
 432 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Nttjfield, or Tujfield, where die Vallum , with the Hundred of Etvetme 
 or ridged Bank, now called Grimes-dike^ 
 it runs towards "Ponies, i. e. Colebrocke, 
 
 as 
 
 yet remains very high, but is but finglc 
 till it conies to this Village, and then it 
 appears double, with a deep Trench be- 
 tween, like the Ways near Piperno, and 
 at Porto in Italy. From this Place it is 
 laid to hold on its Courfe through the 
 thick Woods, and pafs the River below 
 
 . on the 
 
 Weft and South, with Part of Berkshire. 
 The Fee of this Hundred was 2.8 Edw. I. 
 the Eftate of Edmund Earl of Cornwall , 
 and hath long fince been united to the 
 Crown with that Dukedom, as it was 
 made in King Edward rhe Illd's Reign, 
 and given to the Prince of Wales Edward, 
 commonly called the Black Prince. There 
 is no Market-Town in this Hundred, it 
 
 Henley into Berkjhire ; but the Woods lying fo convenient for Wallingford Mar- 
 
 fcarce admitting a Paflage either on 
 Foot or on Horfe, we muft rather de- 
 pend on Tradition, than pretend to 
 rrace it. 
 
 Walllngford, by the Saxe/ns called 
 Guailen^apop&jfrom Guall-hen,(&s Mr. 
 Cambden conjeftures) which fignifies the 
 old Fort ; in the Britijb Language, the 
 chief City of the Atrtbatl'i^ and thought 
 to be the Ctlleva or Callena of Antonine. 
 We have given fo full an Account of 
 this Town in our Hiftory of Berkjbire> 
 p' 174 that we refer the Reader for any 
 further Account, fave what we have ob- 
 ferved fince, viz- That 2 Edtv. II. there 
 was here a great Tornanient, at which 
 was prefent the King himfelf, and ma- 
 ny of the Nobles, which laft were much 
 offended with Piers Gaveftorr, for bring- 
 ing to it fuch a Multitude of Foreigners, 
 to the great Affront and Abufe of the 
 Englijh ; as alfo that that Part of Grimes- 
 
 which we have 
 remarkable, are 
 
 ket. The Villages in 
 obferved any Thing 
 thefe, 
 
 Crommerfo-Giffard, fo called from the 
 Giffards formerly Lords of it, to diftin. 
 guifli it from another Village in the Hun- 
 dred of Ewelm. Here are the Ruins 
 of old Fortifications, which Dr. flat 
 takes to be either the Foundations of that 
 wooden Tower ereed by King Stephen, 
 in the Year 1159, when he befieged 
 Maud the Emprels, and her Brother 
 Robert t Earl of Gloeejter in Walling foret 
 Caftlc, or of the Caftle it felf, which was 
 built here by the fame King Stephen, at 
 another Siege of Walllngfard, in the Year 
 1153, which Fitz-Emprefs endeavouring 
 to raife, they came at laft to one Ac- 
 cord concerning the Government of the 
 Kingdom of England for the future. 
 
 Goring, a fmall Village, where as we 
 have obferved in the Parifh of Chinnor, 
 
 ditch that comes up to Wallingfcrd, was the Roman Highway called Ikenlld-way, 
 double, as it is about Nuffield Woods, goes out of this County into 
 
 in all Likelihood, 
 
 one of the Banks 
 
 the Trench between, 
 being filled up with 
 thrown into it upon the Increaie of 
 Husbandry in thefe Parts, perhaps at firft 
 defigned to carry off the Water, and the 
 two Banks on each Side fo? the Car- 
 riages betwixt the Stations ; thefe from 
 Wallingford to Pontes going upon one 
 Bank, and thofe from Puntes to Walling- 
 ford on the other, that there might be 
 no Impediments in either Way by 
 meeting one another. 
 
 XIII. LANGTREE Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft, 
 with Elnefeld Hundred ; on the North, 
 
 Here was formerly a Spring of a lafteous 
 Colour, tho* of a different Tafte, which 
 was in great Repute for its medicinal 
 Ufe ; and while that continued, the 
 whitim fat Earth about the Orifice or 
 Brims of it, was of as great Ufe for out- 
 ward Applications, being fetched far and 
 near for a Remedy for the Ach of Corns, 
 and other fuch like Maladies ; but when 
 the Credit of the Waters failed, the 
 Earth too (tho* there is ftill Plenty e- 
 nough of it) loft its Reputation, and 
 is row of little or no Efteem. 
 
 Maple-Durham, a Village fituate upon 
 the Thames, the Alanor and Ettatc of 
 William Earl of Warren and Surrey, in 
 the Conqueror's Time, as appears by 
 
 Domefday-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 433 
 
 Domefday-Book ; and '"tis probable his of Margaret her Mother, who had it 
 Pofterity enjoyed it till Edward Illd's and other Eftates in Dowry. In Afcer- 
 Rei<*n. At prefent it is of Note only times this Manor was the Demefneof the 
 for being the Seat of a Branch of the Family of Hungerfords, who having fided 
 ancient Family of the Blonnts. "-' 
 
 Newenham, or Newnkam Warren, the 
 Lands and Eftate of Richard de Curcy, at 
 the Time of the making of the Conque- 
 ror's Survey ; and after his Family, we 
 find it the Eftate of the Riparyes, or Ri- 
 vers, among the Heirs General of whom 
 it was divided in the Reign of King 
 Henry III. and fo pafled one Moiety to 
 Hugh de Nevil, Baron of Raby, and the 
 other to Fulke de Breant, by Marriage to 
 them. Near this Place lies one of the 
 Roman Vicinal Ways, or Chemini Minores, 
 which anciently pafled thro' Wallingford, 
 which then Hood not where it now does, 
 but upon this Way, which lies almoft a 
 Mile from it now; but it being laid de- 
 folate by a great Plague that reigned 
 there in the Time of King Ed-ward III. 
 it could never recover its ancient State, 
 (tho* King Richard II. endeavoured it all 
 he could) for the Bridges at Abingdon and 
 "Dorchejler being built at that Time, the 
 Current of Trade ran another Way, 
 whereas- before there was no Paflage but 
 at Wallingford. 
 
 Stoke-Bajfet, probably fo called from 
 the Bajfets of Hedendon, who had large 
 Pofleflions, and were great Men in this 
 County ; but from them it pafled to the 
 Family of Moels, or de Molts, who were 
 in Pofleflion of it, 18 Edw. I. when Ro- 
 ger de Moeh obtained a Charter of free 
 Warren for all his demefne Lands here. 
 He left it to his Son J-dhn de Moels, who 
 died poflefled of it, 3 Ed<w. II. and left 
 it to his Pofterity. They had another 
 Manor in this Parifh, or near it, which 
 is now become a diftint Village, called 
 
 Stoke-moyles, or de Moels', this Manor 
 was in the Pofleflion of Roger de Moels 
 at his Death, 1 1 Ediu. III. He died with- 
 out any Iflue Male, and fo his two 
 Daughters, Muriel, the Wife then of 
 Sir Thomas Cart-wright, Knt. and Ifabel 
 her Sifter, were his Heirs, of whom, 
 upon the Divifion, this Manor fell to 
 M*f'id for her Purparty, after the Death 
 
 with the Lancastrians, Robert and Tho- 
 mas, two Lords Hungerford, in their Sue- 
 ceflions, were both out-Jawed, or be- 
 headed, and their Eftate, this Manor in- 
 cluded, given to jFobn Lord Wenlock, yet 
 with a Charge to allow the Wife and 
 Children of the former a fuitable Sup- 
 port, i Ed<w. IV. but upan rhe Accef- 
 fion of King Henry VII. to the Throne, 
 his Attainder was revcrfed in Parlia- 
 ment, and his Heir Mary, his only- 
 Daughter, obtained the Reftitution of 
 her paternal Eftate. Her Guardianfhip 
 was granted to William Lord HaJUngs, 
 Lord Chamberlain to King Edward IV. 
 who married her by the King's Licenfe 
 to his Son and Heir Edward. She ufed 
 the Title of Lady Hungerford, Humet, 
 Botreaux, Mottles, Molins and Pevcrell, and 
 at length brought many large Eltates to 
 her Husband, among which was this Ma- 
 nor of Stoke-Moels, called in the Record 
 Stake-Mules, and then valued at 13 
 Pounds 13 Shillings and 6 Pence, to 
 whofe Pofterity it defcended. 
 
 Stoke de L'ljle, the Eftate probably of 
 the L'ljles, an ancient Family, who had 
 Lands in this Counry ; but we do not 
 abferve any of them thus called ; but 
 in the 10 Edw. II. we find, that Richard 
 D'Amory, Son and Heir of Nicholas D'A- 
 mory t obtained a Charter of free War- 
 ren' for his Demefne here, and left his 
 Eftate to his Son Richard, who dying 
 without Iflue, 49 Edw. III. left his Eftaie 
 to Eliz.abeth-a.nd Eleanor Chandos, we fup- 
 pofe, his Sifter's Children, by one of the 
 Family of Chandos. 
 
 Thorp, the Manor and Eftate of Wil- 
 liam de la Pole, Duke of Sttffolk, 28 Hen. 
 VI. when he died in Poflcflion of it ; 
 but his Succeflbr John ruined himfelf and 
 his Family, by adhering to King Richard 
 III. as we have ihewu above Ac 
 Eivelme* 
 
 Whitchurch, or Whiteiherche, a ManoP of 
 the King's till King Edward III. R-.r. y. 
 granted it in Fee to Nicf:oLis de la. 
 I i i
 
 434 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 then Conftable of the Tower of London ; Jllan Henley is younger than Aldlury, in 
 
 but it was upon Condition of its return- refpeft of a Church firft built there, but 
 
 ing to the Crown again for want of Heirs upon no other Account ; for tho' both 
 
 Males, or the like ; for we-obferve, that Names fignify the fame, Henley was fo 
 
 upon the Death of Joan, Princefs of named by the Britain, and Aldbury by 
 
 Wales, who had before been the Wife of the Saxons ; and if the Antiquity of the 
 
 Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, this -Ma- Places are determined by the Names 
 
 nor, and divers other Eftates defcended Henley, muft be much the elder. 
 
 to her Son Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, The Manor of this Place was the E- 
 
 as of her own Inheritance, which fhews ftate of Edmund Earl of Cornwall, who 
 
 that this Manor was Edmund's Earl of dying without Heirs, his Eftate pafled to 
 
 Kent, her Father, upon the Death of the Crown ; but at the Mediation of the 
 
 Nicholas de la Beche, or otherways. Hen- Peers in Parliament aflembled at Lia- 
 
 ry Whijller, Reftor of this Church, was coin, King Edward I. was pleafed to al- 
 
 56 Years Minifter of it, as the Infcrip- low Margaret his Widow, five hundred 
 
 tion on his Grave teftifieth; he was So* Pound s per Ann. for her Support out of 
 
 1 TJ _t_._l* T J rt 5* . * 
 
 her Husband's Lordmips, of which this 
 Manor, with Old Shoreham in Su/ex, and 
 Cipfeham in Bucks* were alloted to pay 
 10 Pounds 17 Shillings and 7 Pence 
 yearly. King Edward III. Reg. n. ha- 
 ' 
 
 Years of Age at his Death. 
 
 XIV. BINEFIELD Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred, which Mr. Camlden calls 
 
 the Hundred of Henley, is bounded on the ving a great ~Efteem for John ~^ .<,.,> 
 Eaft, with Part of IBucking'bampire ; oil the upon the Account of fbnae fpecial Ser- 
 North, with the Hundred of Pirton ; on vices, granted him this Manor in Fee, 
 the Weft, with the Hundred of Langtree, after the Death of the above-mentioned 
 
 Margaret, then married to the Lord 
 Attdiey, and divers Privileges, as Return 
 of Writs, Summons of the Exchequer, 
 Felons, Waifc, Stray, Gallows, &*c, as 
 alfo to be quit of Toll, Murage, Pon- 
 tage and Pavage, thro' the whole Realm, 
 with free Warren in it ; as alfo to have 
 a Court- Leet, and Corre&ion of the Af- 
 fiz.e of Bread and Ale here fold. Thus 
 privileged he left it to his Heirs, of 
 whom William Lord Molins died feized 
 
 and on the South, with Part of 
 The Fee of this Hundred is vefted in the 
 Crown, as we have fliewn the Hundred 
 of Langtree is. Here is a good Market- 
 Town, viz- 
 
 Henley, or as it is for DiftinKon-fake 
 called Henley upon Thames. Dr. Plot tells 
 s, that this Town is the ancienteft of 
 the whole County, the Name Henley be- 
 ing derived from the Britifi Word Hen, 
 which fignifies old ; and 'Ley, a Place, 
 
 and perhaps might be the head Town of of it, 7 Hen. 6. leaving it and all his o- 
 the People called Ancalites, that revolted ther large Eftate to Eleanor his only 
 to C&far. It was alfo called Hanleganz., Daughter and Heir, who marrying Ro- 
 bert Hungerford^ Efq; carried it into his 
 Family. This Robert, with his Brother 
 Thomas, being Lancajlrian^ were at- 
 tainted, and loft their Eftate to the 
 Crown, in King Edward IVth's Reign ; 
 
 Hannebtirg, as appears, by an Infpexi- 
 mas of Queen Elizabeth's, granted this 
 Corporation. There is near this Town a 
 Place ftill called Ancafile, (Weft of it 
 where the Wind-mill now ftands) which 
 
 is but the Norman Name importing the but upon the Acceflion of King Henry 
 
 fame as the Saxon Hannelurge, i. e. an VII. Eleanor, the Daughter and Heir of 
 
 e'd Town or Borough. If it be obje&cd Thomas Lord Httngerford, obtained a Re- 
 
 tikys the Do&or) that AMbitry near Ricot, verfion of the Attainder, and the Refti- 
 
 jn this County (according to vulgar union of her Anccftors Lands and E- 
 
 TJ action) is the Mother of Henley, and flares. She married Edward Lord Htf- 
 
 coi-lequently muft be older; it may be flings, and brought her great Eftate into 
 
 that it is probable that Chri- his Family, of which this Manor of Hen- 
 ley
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 435 
 
 we having only- 
 
 come under few Heads 
 
 here, (i.) A Sort of Marcha- 
 fite. (1.) A black Flint, which if well 
 polifhed, would fupply the Place of the 
 Touch-ftone ; they arc ufed here in ma- 
 king of Glafs. (3) A Sort of Sand of 
 very good Ufe to give a Confiftency and 
 
 try was a. Part, and valued, 7 Edw. IV. come un< 
 at 5 Pounds 10 Shillings per Ann. of, obferved 
 which fee more in Stoke Mods above. 
 
 The prefent State of this Town is this : 
 It is a large Corporation -Town, govern- 
 ed by a Warden, Burgefles, and other 
 inferior Officers. The. weekly Market 
 
 is on Tburfday, and the Fair 24 Febr. Body to Glafs, as hath been found by 
 Its chief Trade is in Malt, Experience at the Glafs-houfe here, 
 and it is thought upon many Markets in (4.) An Urn found at one Fmcbe's Houfc 
 the Year, there are fold above three in the Market-place here, may be ad- 
 hundred Cart-loads of that and other dcd as a Rarity. 
 
 Corn. The Inhabitants are generally Blnfeld, now a fmall Village, but we 
 Meal-men, Maltfters and Bargemen,who fuppofe to be the chief Town in the Hun- 
 by carrying Corn and Wood to London, dred, when the County was divided into 
 enrich the Neighbourhood, and pick up Hundreds, becaufe this takes its Name 
 a comfortable Subfiftence to themfelves. 
 
 The Bridge over the Thames here, which 
 was anciently (as Tradition goes) of 
 Stone, is now of Timber ; but whether 
 k is that which Ctfar went over in Pur- 
 fuit of the Britains, is uncertain ; yet it 
 is out of Doubt, that C<cfar came into the 
 Limits of this County, and brought his 
 Forces a-crofs the Thames at Wetlllng- 
 ford. It hath two good Free-Schools in 
 it, the one a Grammar-School, founded 
 by King James I. in 1604, and endowed 
 by him with Lands for Salaries for the 
 Matter and Ufher. Auguftin Knap of 
 Rotherfield Plppard, and William Grave, 
 were Benefa&ors to it. The other School 
 was founded and -liberally endowed for 
 the teaching and cloathing fereral poor 
 
 from it. 
 
 Bit, the Eftate and Demefne of Ric 
 D'Amory, who obtained, 10 Ed-w. II. a 
 Charter of free Warren in his Lordfhip 
 here, and other his Eftates in this 
 County. 
 
 Blxbrond, a Part of the ancient Po- 
 feflions of the Family of Stonors, of whom 
 we have fpoken above in the Parifh of 
 Stonor in Pirton Hundred, as much as is 
 known. 
 
 Blunds-cottrt, where there is an old 
 Mine, out of which have been taken 
 feveral Urns ; from whence it is plain, 
 that there has been formerly hereabouts 
 fome Roman Work, probably fome old 
 Roman Mine, in all likelyhood ftopt up, 
 when Gallic of Ravenna was fent hither 
 
 Children, and putting them out Appren- with a Legion to repel the Plcis and 
 
 tices, by the Lady Elizabeth Periam, Scots. At which Time (fays Mr. Spyed) 
 
 (who allb founded a Fellowfhip and a but from what Authority we underftand 
 
 Scholarmip in Ballol College, Oxford.} not; they buried their Treafures, of 
 
 This School is called the Bluecoats School, which we have found Parcels in all A- 
 
 The Lady Periam lies interred under ges ever fince. 
 
 an handfome Monument, at the upper Caverfoxm, the Demefne of Gilbert ds 
 
 End of the Eaft Ifle of the Church. Bi- Clare, Earl of Glccejler and Hertford, who 
 
 fliop Longland, Bifaop of Lincoln, built an being ambitions of marrying into the 
 
 Alms-houfe here,' it being the Place of 
 
 his Nativity, fouthward of the Chancel ; 
 
 but for how many poor People, and with 
 
 what Revenue it was endowed, we know 
 
 not. There are now only feven Perfons 
 
 dwelling in it, who have but Six-pence as Wales, to difpofe of them at his Plea- 
 
 a-uiece weekly for their Allowance. It fure, among which was this Alanor of 
 
 Royal Family, viz. with Joan of Acres t 
 the King's Daughter, fubmicted to thcie 
 Conditions, viz. to refign up to King 
 Edward I. the Inheritance of all his 
 Caftles and Manors, as well in England 
 
 -piece 
 
 is governed by the Corporation. 
 Nature's Bounty to this Town 
 
 will 
 
 the Lady, 
 I i i a 
 
 On thefe Terms he obtained 
 and being njarried to her 
 the
 
 XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 the 5oth of -April, the fame Year the 
 King reftored to him all his faid Lands 
 and Catties,, but entailed them firit on the 
 Iffue of his Body by her the faid Joan ', 
 and in Default thereof, to the Heirs and 
 Aflignsof her, in cafe fhe fhould happen 
 to furvive him. In After-times, viz* in 
 the Reign of King Henry VI. the Seat 
 of Richard Beauchamf feems to have been 
 here ; for we find Anr.e his Daughter, by 
 his fccond Wife Ifabel, Daughter of Tho- 
 mas h Deffenfer, Earl of Glocejler, born 
 here, 7 Hen. VI. and the Earl himfelf 
 making his latt Will at Caverfiam, 8 Aug. 
 i^Hen, VI. 1437. He died four Years 
 after, and left Ifabel his Lady furviving, 
 but fhe lived bur a few Months after him. 
 She by her Will dated -i Decemb. 1439, 
 dcvifed, that of her great Sharpc a Cha- 
 lice fliould be made ; and having been 
 offered to our Lady at Teioksbitry, fhould 
 be given to our Lady of Caverfiam, with 
 a Crown of Gold made of her Chain 
 Cweighing five and twenty Pounds) and 
 other broken Gold in her Cabinet; as 
 a lib two Tablets, the one of St. Catha- 
 rine, and the other of St. George, the 
 precious Stones of which Tablets to be 
 fet in the Crown. She alfo gave to our 
 Lady of Waljingham, a Tabernacle of 
 Silver, like in the Timber to that over 
 our Lady of Caverfiatn. The Manor- 
 houfe here called Caverjljam- lodge, was, 
 in the latt Century, the Seat of the Lord 
 Crav en, Earl of Kildare in Ireland, but is 
 ow Earl Cadogan's. The Parfonage of 
 this Place, which, before the Diflblu- 
 tion of the Monafteries, belonged to the 
 Priory of St. Fridefwide in Oxford, was, 
 after it, being ftazed by King Henry VIII. 
 fettled upon his new ere&ed College of 
 drift Church, in the lame Univerfity, as 
 v-e fuppofe.it ftill remains. The Lord 
 Craven hath a Seat in this Place. 
 
 Nicholas Brigbam, Efq; was born here. 
 He had his Usiverfity Education in 
 Hart hall, and in his Youth applied 
 himfelf to Poetry, but in his riper Years 
 ihidied our municipal Laws, and became 
 noted for it. He took great Dejight in 
 :\-er's Works, which begat *in him 
 fuch a Refpeft for his Pcrfon, that he 
 
 ere&ed a comely Monument over him 
 with his Effigies, and an Epitaph in 
 Profe and Verle upon it, which remains 
 to this Day in the South-crofs Ifle. He 
 died young, and left no Specimen of his- 
 Learning. 
 
 Greys, the Manor and Seat of the 
 Ktiowles an ancient and worfhipful 
 Family in this Shire, of whom Sr Fran- 
 cis Knoivles, who married Catharine Cary, 
 Cofm-german to Queen Elizabeth, 
 was Treafurer of the Houfhold to that 
 Queen, and Knight of the Garter. His 
 Son William fucceedrng him in his Trea- 
 furer's Office, and by Letters Patent, da- 
 ted 1 5 May, i Jac. I. was created a Ba- 
 ron of this Realm, by the Title of Lord 
 JCnolles of Greys (his chief Seat); the Ce- 
 remony of his Creation being performed 
 in the Tower of London. He was, 14 Ja,c. 
 I. raifed to the Dignity of a Vifcount, by 
 the Title of Vic. Wallingford, and an Earl 
 by^that of Eanbury, and departing this 
 Life, 25 May 1632, was buried in the 
 Church of Grays, being eighty-eight 
 Years of Age. The ancient Name of this 
 Place feems to have been Rotherfeld, 
 and the Name of the Greys added to it 
 from the Lords of it the Greys ; for Walter 
 de Grey, Archbifhop of York, having pur- 
 chafed the Manor of Rotherfield, with the 
 Advowfon of the Church, gave Part of 
 it to his Brother Robert, and afterward 
 the reft to his Nephew Walter, in the 
 Reign of King Henry III. This Family 
 of Greys held this Manor till Robert Lord 
 Grey bf Rotherfield, dying without IfTue 
 Male, left J-oan his only Daughter and 
 Heir, who married Sir John D'Eincourt, 
 Knt. and carried this Manor, with other 
 Eftates, into his Family ; but it conti- 
 nued not long in the Deinecottts ; for Sir 
 John having only two Daughters by her, 
 Alice the Eldeft married William Lord 
 Level, and carried this Eftate into his 
 Family ; from whence it parted to the 
 Crown by the Attainder of Francis Lord 
 Lovell, in the Reign of King Henry VII. 
 who gave it, with other JEltatcs of the 
 faid Lord Level, to Jafper Earl of Pem- 
 broke and Duke of Bedford, Half-Brother 
 to King Henry VL after whofe Death, 
 9 his
 
 OXFO R T> S H IR E. 
 
 437 
 
 his Son King Henry VIII. granted a Lcafe 
 for certain Year;, of this Manor to Ro- 
 bert Knclles, then one of the Gentlemen 
 of the Privy Chamber, and Lettice his 
 Wife, Reg. 9. and afterward granted the 
 Fee of this Lordfliip, Reg. 50. to Francis 
 their Son, the Father of the above- 
 mention'd William Lord Grey of Rother- 
 feld, who, from the firft Grant to them 
 made it their Seat, as is above fpecified. 
 The Advowfon of this Church belongeth 
 to Trinity College, Oxford, being purcha- 
 fed by that Society, partly with their 
 Dividend of the Sum of a xooo/. given 
 equally to them, Exeter and jfefus Col- 
 lege, and partly by an Addition of their 
 own Money. 
 
 Maple-Durham, one of the Lordfhips 
 with which William the Conqueror re- 
 warded the Service of William de War- 
 his Kinfman, in bringing him into 
 
 ten. 
 
 England, and fettling him on the Throne, 
 as appears by Domefday-Book. William 
 Rufus afterwards made him Earlof^zo- 
 rey, which being added to his other Nor- 
 man Title, Earl Warren, he and his Po- 
 fterity were called Earls of Warren and 
 Surrey. 
 
 Pipard? the Manor and E- 
 
 ftate of Ralph Lord PSpard, who, 1 3 Ed-w. 
 I. obtained a Charter of free Warren 
 in all his demefne Lands in this Place, 
 and dying feiied of it, with other E- 
 ftates, left it to his Pofterity, his Son. 
 John and his Heirs. This Manor was 
 held of the Honour of Wallintrford. The 
 Reftory of this Place was, among other 
 Things, given by Sir Leoline jfenkins to 
 Jefa College, Oxford, Amo 1685, in 
 Truft, that they mould upon every Va- 
 cancy prefent their Principal for the 
 Time being, for ever. 
 
 SUplaJie, of Note for a Sort of Earth 
 excellent for Husbandry Improvements, 
 called Marl, of a whitifh Colour, a lit- 
 tle inclining to yellow, which the Ju- 
 dicious in that Art think may be of the 
 Kind of LeucargHU ; for which Pliny fays, 
 Britain was fo famous and greatly en- 
 riched with. It is not very fat, but of 
 fo eafy a Diflblution, that it may be 
 laid on the Grounds that need it at a- 
 ny Time of the Year, and that as well 
 on Pafture as Arable. Mr. Stonor of 
 Watlinpton Park, firft difcovered it, and 
 hath' fince had good Experience, of the 
 Worth of it. 
 
 The Natural Hiflory of this County. 
 
 DR. Plot, a learned and judicious 
 Phyfician and Naturalift, having 
 wrote fo large a Volume upon this Sub- 
 jet, which he calls, The Natural Hijlory 
 of Oxfordshire, it would be an Injury to 
 our Reader to draw him from confult- 
 ing that, were not that Book difficult to 
 bc'had in the Places that our Abridg- 
 ment may come ; and we obliged to pur- 
 fue our Method ufed in other Counties, 
 to give fome Account of the Produce of 
 them ; fo far, we hope, from preventing 
 the Reading of Dr. Plot, as rather to 
 4 
 
 encourage our Reader to be defirous of 
 it, efpecially fince we mail borrow forne- 
 thing of his Method, and give fome 
 Hints of what we omit, and may b 
 found curioufly handled by him : And : 
 ihall begin with 
 
 i. The Air, which is here clearj , 
 \vholefome, and very healthy, it not on- 
 ly being remote from the Sea, the Pa- 
 rent of unwholefome Vapours, -which 
 render all the maritime PtLTtsofEagtend 
 aguifh and fickly ; but having the few* 
 eft ftandin& Pools, Marflies, and bcggy 
 
 Grounds, .
 
 XFO R T> S HIR E. 
 
 Grounds, which breed Catarrhs, Coughs, 
 Aches, &*c. (or at leaft occafion them 
 by their watery Mifts and Fogs) of any 
 County in "England. Indeed, befide the 
 five Rivers of Note here, there are num- 
 bred no lefs than threeftore and ten 
 Brooks and Rivulets, which may be 
 thought to infet the Air with unwhole- 
 Jfomc Steams ; but they are all of fo quick 
 a Stream, and free from Stagnation, fo 
 clear, and fo impregnated with primo- 
 genial Salts, that few (if any) vapid and 
 blinking Exhalations can afcend from 
 them to corrupt the Air, the Soil for 
 the moft Part lying dry, and wafred on- 
 ly by clear and rapid Fountains, or 
 JR.ains from Heaven, altogether accord- 
 ing to Cardan's Rule, That a dry Soil, 
 and running Waters make a wholefome 
 Air. And if Spontaneous Produ&ionsof 
 fweet-fmelling Plants, and free from 
 filthy Reptiles, be a certain Sign of a 
 good Air, as they have been ufually ac- 
 counted, no Place can put in a better 
 Claim to it in this Shire. Further, the 
 Sharpnefs of the Air is an Argument of 
 its Purity and Healthinefs, which makes 
 the Inhabitants brisk and (bund. And 
 fuch we find them here ; whereas the 
 Inhabitants of boggy and fenny Coun- 
 tries, which arc clogged with perpetual 
 Exhalations, are generally of a more 
 ftupid and unpleafant Converfation. 
 Moreover, the great Age and conftant 
 Health of the Inhabitants of a Place, are 
 an irrefragable Proof of the Goodnefs of 
 the Air; and fuch as thefe there are ma- 
 ny in this County commonly. No 
 Wonder then, that wife K.ing-47/mfchofe 
 this County to found an Univcrfity in, 
 and above all other Places in Oxford, it 
 being the moft pleafantly fituated of a- 
 ny Town in the County ; for it is feated 
 on a rifing Ground, in the Midft of a 
 pleafant and fruitful Valley, of a large 
 Extent at the Confluence of the Rivers 
 IJis and Cherwell, with which it is'encom- 
 pafled on the Eaft, Weft and South, and 
 with a Ridge of Hills at a little more 
 than a Mile's Diftance, in the Form of 
 A Bow, reaching to the Eaft and Welt 
 Points ; ft that the whole lies in the 
 
 Formofa Theatre, and the City ftand* 
 in the Area, upon a fmall Hill. Under 
 this Head the learned Doftor, Chap. I. 
 difcourfes of Parhe !ia, Lunar Rainbows, 
 Storms and Tempefts, Hurricanes and 
 Ecchoes of divers Sorts, which if our 
 Reader defires Information in the Na- 
 ture of, he may find it there to Satis- 
 fa&ion. 
 
 a. The Waters, which here are very 
 plentiful; for befide the many lefTer Ri- 
 vulets and Brooks, which are many of 
 them namelefs, here are five large Ri- 
 vers, viz,' the IJis, into which flows the 
 Windrufi, which joins the Chertuell on 
 the South Eaft-fide of Oxford : The Even- 
 lode, into which the fmall River Glim 
 empties it fclf at Bladen near WooAftock ; 
 and Thame, which joins the IJis near 
 Dorcbefiev. The Excellency of Waters 
 confifts in the Healthinefs and Plenty of 
 Fifh, in which no Country hath better 
 than this ; for that the Healthinefs of 
 Waters confifts in their due Impregna- 
 tion with Salts and Sulphurs, and their 
 Continuance fo in a perpetual Motion is 
 indifputably evinced from the ftinking 
 Evaporations of them upon any Stag- 
 nation. Now that the Rivers here a- 
 bound with thefe, will be as manifeft as 
 that they run, if we confider the Springs 
 they receive, and Earths they wafh ; 
 for, i. The IJis admits the nitrous Wind- 
 rufi, which is well impregnated with an 
 abfterfive Salt. 2. The Evanlode in the 
 Banks, efpecially near the Fountain- 
 Head, is well faturated with both thefe 
 Minerals. The Cherivell hath a fait 
 Spring, which runs immediately into it. 
 The Banks of the Thame are fo well re- 
 plenifhed with fome kind of Acid, that 
 no Well- water in the whole Town of that 
 Name will either brew, or lather with 
 Soap ; but none of thefe give a Tinfture 
 fo high, that it can be perceived by the 
 moft exquifite Palate, but only fo fcir as 
 may conduce to a due Fomentation, and 
 to keep them living. And yet hence it 
 is, without Doubt, that the Thames Wa- 
 ter at Sea, in 8 Months Time, acquires 
 fuch a fpirituous Nature, that upon the 
 Opening of the Bung- hole, the Spirits
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 43? 
 
 will fire like Brandy, and after a third 
 or fourth Firmcntation it ftinks no more, 
 tho' the Mariners are fometimes 
 
 ea. 
 
 forced to drink it when it ftinks, it ne- 
 ver makes them fick. 
 
 As to the Plenty of Fifh, if (as Car- 
 dan in his Comment upon Hippocrates 
 lays) the Plenty and Goodnefs of the 
 Fifli be a furc Indication of the Whole- 
 fomenefs of the Water ; this will Ihew 
 alfo the Goodnefs of the Waters ; for tho' 
 the IJts muft not compare with the Tl- 
 lifcusy which is faid to be two Parrs Wa- 
 ter, and one Fifh ; yet we have an am- 
 ple Teftimony of its great Plenty, that 
 in the Year 1674, in two Days Fifhing 
 of the Mayor and Burgefles, it affordect, 
 within three Miles of Oxford, three thou- 
 fand Jacks, befide other Fifh ; which 
 great Plenty, as it argues the Goodnefs 
 of the Element, fb it is to be referred to 
 no other original Caufe, but to the va- 
 rious Salts, upon which depend the Pro- 
 pagation of all Sorts of Species. We 
 mention under this Head the Ijis only, 
 but would have it equally applied to the 
 other four Rivers, and proportionably to 
 the other, not fo large as the Sorbrook, 
 Oke and Rea, which run into them. 
 The Stour and Oufe, which are large 
 Rivers in other Counties, are but fmall 
 here, yet have their Rife in this, the 
 one at Swalcliffe, and runs into the Se- 
 vern Sea ; and the other at FritweU, and 
 falls into the Sea between Lincolnshire and 
 Norfolk, in the Eaft of England. Under 
 this Head Dr. Plot difcourfes of divers 
 Sorts of Land-Springs, petrifying Wa- 
 ters, vitriolick Waters, incruftrating 
 Waters, Salt-fprings, improving Land, 
 by cafting on the Brine of Salt-pits and 
 Sea-fand; medicinal Waters of divers 
 Kinds, Sulphur-Wells, vitriolick and 
 ferrugenious Springs, chalibeate Waters, 
 Waters of a lafteous Tafte, calcarious 
 Waters, and others not apparently of a- 
 ny mineral Virtue, yet having a finer 
 Tin&ure from fome fubterraneous Steam ; 
 all which, if any are fo curious as ro in- 
 quire into, they may find abundant Sa- 
 tisfa&Jon in the fecond Chapter of his 
 Nat. H{/?. As to the Nature of Water- 
 
 works, Locks, Turnpikes, Fim-ponds, 
 &>c. which have a Relation to the Wa- 
 ter, the DoQor fpeaks of them in his 
 Chapter of Arts, p. 237. . 42, &V. to 
 which we refer the Reader that defires 
 a Knowledge of them. 
 
 3. The Earth, as Mr. Camlden tells 
 us, is generally fertile and plentiful, the 
 Plains well garnifhed with Corn-fields, 
 and the Banks of the Rivers with excel-, 
 lent Meadows, and the Hills befet with 
 Woods, ftored in every Place, not only 
 with Corn and Fruits, but with all Kinds 
 of Game for Hound and Hawk ; but 
 Things are much altered fince Mr. Camb- 
 den's Time. For tho* this Shire, by the 
 Induftry and Improvements of the Hus- 
 bandman, produces' Corn of all Soi t$ 
 plentifully enough, yet it hath much 
 greater Reafon to brag of its Meadows, 
 and an Abundance of Paftures, wherein 
 few Countries of England can compare 
 to it, none perhaps preferred. The 
 Hills indeed, before the late civil Wars, 
 were woody enough ; but now Wood is 
 fo fcarce, unleft it be in the Chiltern 
 Country, that at Oxford and other great 
 Towns it is fold by Weight. The Soils 
 for Corn in this County Tare very dif- 
 ferent in Nature, and confecjuently in 
 Fertility, which the Husbandmen thus 
 diftinguilh, i. Chalk Lands, which are 
 chiefly in the Chiltern Country, i. Mau- 
 my Lands, confiding of a Mixture of 
 white Clay and Chalk, and fomewhat of 
 Sand. 5. Red Lands, whereof there are 
 fome Quantities in the North and Welt 
 of this County. 4. Sour Land, which is 
 very cold. 5. Stone-brafh, confiding Q 
 a light lean Earth, and a fmall Rubble 
 Stone, or elfe of that and four Ground 
 mixt together. 6. Srony Land, which is 
 chiefly found in the Cbiltern Countiy* 
 7. A fandy and gravelly light Ground ; 
 for all which the Husbandmen hero 
 have not only a different Sort of Til- 
 lage and Manure, but fow them wi'h 
 different Grains, according to their 
 Nature. Under this Head Dr. Plot takes 
 Notice of fome Sorts of Grains Ibwn 
 commonly in this Country, but fcarce 
 heard of in the other Counties of 'England ; 
 
 fuch
 
 440 
 
 fuch are, (I.) The red-ftalk'd Whear, 
 fo called, from the Rednefs of the 
 Scraw about the Joints efpecially. The 
 Excellency of this Wheat is, that it fel- 
 dom or never fmuts. 'Tis often mifta- 
 ken for red Lammas Wheat, (z.) White- 
 eared red Wheat, white Cone, or mixt 
 Lammas. It is found to yield confide- 
 rably better than moft other Wheat, viz. 
 fcmetimes twenty for one, and is almoft 
 only fown in the Vale under the CMtern 
 Hills. (9.) Long Cone Wheat with a 
 reedy Stalk. It is the beft to be fown 
 on rank Land, becaufe it is not fubjed 
 to fall, and near Hedges, becaufe the 
 Birds cant eat it. It is not fubje& to 
 Mildews fo much as other Wheat, but 
 yields a courfe Flower. (4.) Double- 
 eared Wheat, which has divers fmall 
 Ears ifluing out of the great one, yet 
 not very advantageous to the Husband- 
 man. (5.) Pendule Wheat, fo called, 
 from its hanging down its Head natural- 
 ly: It differs little from the Cone ; but 
 will not endure for above a Year or 
 two in its Prime. (6.) Rathe-ripe Bar- 
 ley, fo called, from its foon ripening 
 after /owing, fometimes in two Months, 
 "but often in nine or ten Weeks. (7.)Peafe 
 of fevcral Sorts, not known in the South- 
 ern Parts of England, viz. Henfy -gray 
 and Redfhanks, fown as ufually on 
 Land new broken up ; Vale-gray for 
 'ftrong Lands; HanipJl)ire-Kids for new 
 Chalk'd-lands ; Rath-ripes for poor 
 gravelly Grounds; and Cotfaold Peafe 
 ibr four Grounds. (8.) Vetches, -viz* The 
 Gore-pebble Vetch in deep clay Lands; 
 the Rathe-ripe Vetch in cold and moift 
 Ground ; and Dills or Lentils in poor 
 ftony Lands. Here alfo they fow, (i.) 
 SatHore, or Baftard-faffron, ufed in dy- 
 iog Scarlets. (2.) Caraways, which bears 
 no Seed the firft Year, but will hold 6 
 or 7 Years after, if kept clean from 
 Weeds. 
 
 The Meadow-grounds of this County, 
 as they are very many, fo they are fer- 
 tile -beyond Preference ; for they need 
 no other Compoft to be laid on them, 
 than what the Winter Floods caft upon 
 them ; and have none of the Annoyances 
 
 X F R T) S H I R E. 
 
 of other Meadows, fuch as four Grafs, 
 Mofles, Rufhes, Sedges, Flags, &>c. And 
 for upland Paftures, they make them 
 as rich as they can with fuitable Soils, 
 and lay them as dry as they can, to keep 
 them from Rulh and Sedge ; and if they 
 be any Thing boggy, they trench them, 
 or make Drains, which they fill with 
 Bumes or Stones, to preferve a continual 
 Current for the Water to pafs off. Here 
 are alfo divers Sorts of foreign Grafs 
 fown, after they have made their Ground 
 as good and fine as they can by plough- 
 ing and mending, 'viz. Clover-graft, or 
 Trefoil, Saint- Foin, or Everlafting- 
 grafs, Ray-grafs, by which they much 
 improve any cold, four, clay-weeping 
 Grounds, for which it is beft, but agrees 
 well with dry, light, ftony or fandy 
 Land. It is ufually fown with Melilot 
 Trefoil, becaufe it comes up thin at 
 firft, and thickens as the Trefoil goes 
 off, and Lucern, which is propereft for 
 a warm dry Soil, but will do well e- 
 nough upon a rich moift Ground : This 
 Grafs is excellent for Horfes, for in the 
 Spring it will purge them and make them 
 fat in eight dr ten Days. 
 
 We have hitherto difcourfed of the 
 Produft of this County, no farther 
 than from the Surface of the Earth, 
 which, tho' indeed very confiderable, 
 ;yet may not feem comparable to the hid- 
 den Treafure, if it could all be found 
 out ; but fo far as it is difcovered, it 
 will appear not at all inferior to it. We 
 are here beholding to Dr. Plot for a Ca- 
 talogne of thefe rich Endowments, un- 
 der thefe Heads. 
 
 i. Several Sorts of Earrh proper for 
 improving Lands, Dying, Scouring, Me- 
 dicine, &c. as Marls, white, blue and 
 red Ochres, Stone and Clay, both yel- 
 low Ruddle, black Chalk, Native-blue, 
 Umbers of fevera 1 Sorts, one grofs and 
 gritty, and the other white, light and 
 loft. Lac Lun<&, the Pyrites, or Cop- 
 peras-Stone, which ha'th a Mixture of 
 Arfenic, Potters Clay, crude Alabafter. 
 Lam, a Sort of Earth that is mixt with 
 Sand, and makes the beft earthen Floors 
 for Ground-Rooms or Barns, and may be 
 
 ufed
 
 
 
 R T> SHI R E. 
 
 nfed by Fullers : Which Earth is a na- 
 tural Mixture of Lime and Sand ufed 
 for Cielings, and Mortar for laying 
 Stones. 
 
 2. Stones, which the Do&or feems to 
 divide into two Sorts, i. Such as are 
 brought into a Form only by the Tool of 
 the Artift, and fo made to ferve the 
 Ufes and Neceffities of Men. 2. Stones, 
 naturally formed, which feem to be 
 made for Man's Admiration rather than 
 Ufe. Of the firft Sort the Doftor reckons 
 thefe, viz- a foft Stone called Maume, of 
 a whitim Colour, which with the Frofts 
 and Rain flakes like Lime; the Pyrites 
 AUYBHS, or Golden Fireftone, of which 
 fome are taken up in Lumps, (called 
 commonly Brafs-Lumps) others are la- 
 minated, and fliot into Angles, like Dia- 
 monds ; Marckafites, with Infide of a 
 golden, and the Outfide of a darkifh 
 rufty Colour, and therefore in fome 
 Places called 'Crow-Iron ; the fil- 
 ver Marcbapte, of a white gliftering 
 Colour ; all thefe ftrike Fire like Flints ; 
 Black Flints ufed to make Glafs at Hen- 
 ley, and if polifhed, would be good 
 Touch-ftones ; tranfparent Pebbles, fome 
 white, and others of a blue-black ; Smi- 
 ris, an hard Stone ufed by Glaziers to 
 cut their Glafs withal, and Stone-cutters 
 to polifh their Stones, that Sand will 
 not ; Sands of divers Sorts, of great Ufe 
 to Building, Hour-glafles, cutting Stone, 
 whetting Sithes, fcouring Pewter, and 
 giving a Conliftency and Body to Glafs. 
 But perhaps the moft ufefnl and profita- 
 ble of this Kind is the Lapis Arenarius, 
 commonly called Free-ftone, the chief 
 Material in Building, of which there is 
 as great Plenty and Variety in this 
 County perhaps as in any other Part of 
 '"England. Of it in general there are two 
 Sorts ; one properly called Free-ftone, 
 and the other Rag-ftonc. Both thefe are 
 divided into feveral Species, according 
 as they are cut, .or put to divers Ufes. 
 As, i. Free ftone, if it be cut cubical- 
 ly into very great Blocks, is then by way 
 of Eminency called Free-ftone ; but if it 
 be cut into oblong, or other Sort of 
 Squares, they call it Afhler ; and the 
 
 Fragments of thefe inequilateral mul- 
 tangular Figures, are called Scabble- 
 burs; the two firft are chiefly ufed in 
 Building, and laft, if fquared, is fome- 
 times mixed with Afliler in Range-, 
 work, or by it felf in Planten-work in. 
 meaner Buildings. 2. Rag-ftone is only 
 ufed for Walling (and then the Sabble- 
 bur which is not fquared, is thrown in 
 among it) or making Lime, unlefs by 
 Chance it rifes flat in the Bed, and tl\cn 
 it is worth the while to hew it for Pa- 
 ving, Of thefe building Stones, that 
 dug out of the Quarry of Bedding ton 
 is the Chief, which cuts very foft and 
 eafy, and being very porous imbibes 
 Lime and Sand well, but hardens conti- 
 nually as it lies in the Weather ; but for 
 Columns, Capitals, Cornices, Door and 
 Window Cafes, and all Sorts of Mould- 
 ings, Bttrford Stone is preferred, becaufe 
 it is whiter and harder. The Stones dug; 
 out of the Quarries at Teynton and Hornto* 
 endure the Fire well, and therefore they 
 make of them Malt-kilns, and Hearths 
 for Ovens ; and of late there harh been, 
 made of the firft, Cifterns, Troughs and 
 Mefhing-Fats. TheChippings of the later 
 improve Land by a Saltnefs latent in 
 them. Of this Kind there was a Sort of 
 Stone in Cornkury Park that never fwears ; 
 but the Quarry is exhanfted, but ths 
 Hall in the Houfe is paved with it. Here 
 is alfo a Sort of Stone ufed for the moft 
 Part, to cover the Roofs of Houfes 1n- 
 ftead of Tiles; for which that at Stuns- 
 feld and Bradtvell is chiefly ufed, becaufe 
 they are lighteft, and imbibe Water 
 the leaft, The Stuvsfeld Stone is dug up 
 firft in thick Cakes about Michaelmas^ and 
 having ^endured the Frofts in Winter, 
 cleave in the Spring following into thin- 
 ner Plates ; but that dug at BraAwell is 
 naturally fuch, and fo ftrangely large, 
 that they have them fometimes feven 
 Foot long, and five Foot over, fo that 
 one of them hath been fufKcicnt to co- 
 ver a fmnll Hovel. 'Tis alfo fn "hard, 
 that Painters will fometimes prefer it to 
 Marble .to grind their Colours on. Be- 
 fides thefe Stores ufed in Building for 
 their Subftaiice, there is one Sort that 
 K k k farv<>;
 
 442 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 ferves chiefly for Ornament, and that is County, tho' our Doftor thinks there arc 
 grey Marble dug up in the Parifh of Alines of it here, and gives fome Marks 
 Blecbington, of which there are feveral of them) the general Fuel for their Fires 
 
 Chimney-pieces and Pavements in the 
 J-loufes of the Earls of Anglefey and Cla- 
 
 is Turf, which is not made of the upper 
 Greenfwerd, but an inferior, ftringy, 
 
 made ; as alfo the Pillars of the bituminous Earth, cut out like Bricks, 
 
 fonico in St. John's College. Of this 
 Stone alfo are made Monuments for the 
 Dead, Tables and Mill-ftones for Malt- 
 mills, good enough to grind Seeds for 
 
 for the moft Part from Moorifli boggy 
 Grounds, in fome Countries called Peat- 
 pits, in others Moifes, The beft Turf 
 of this Sort is dug at Stanton-Harcourt^ 
 
 Oil, but not for Corn, becaufe it fweats whereitis faid toliebut one Spit's Depth 
 
 in the Ground, and to be at leaft four 
 Fooc thick. They cut it in March, and 
 
 as other Marbles. 
 
 3. The Fire, by which -we intend not 
 
 the Element, which is the fame in all lay the Piece called Peats to dry on the 
 
 Places, but the Fuel that fu-pports.it. It Grafs, fome Times turning them, which, 
 
 is probable that in Mr. Cambden's Time, when done, they pile them up as Bricks, 
 
 when he tells us, that the Hills of this hollow, that they may be fitted for the 
 
 County were beiet with Woods, their Fire, by the Wind ancl Air pafling between. 
 
 tires were chiefly maintained with it ; After the Peats are taken out, they fill u 
 "- --.MI . , r ff, __, . ,, 
 
 but by the late unhappy Wars, the Hills the Pit with the grafly Earth that firft 
 
 were ftript fo bare of their natural Fur- came out, and in fome Places leave a Spit 
 
 rature, that Wood in all Parts of this Depth at the Bottom, as a Foundation 
 
 Shire but the Chihern Country, is fo ve- fbr it to grow again. 
 
 ry fcarce, that it is very common to fell To thefe the Do&or adds a Chapter of 
 
 ic by Weight, not only at Oxford, where, the Plants not obferved by Mr. Ray, or 
 
 when it is brought to Market, an hun- an y other Author, which we lhall briefly 
 
 dred Weight is fold for a Shilling ; but at an nex to the Catalogue,, which the faid 
 
 many other Places in the Northern Mr, Ray lent Dr. Gibfon, to be put at the 
 
 Parts, tho the Price is much lefs, viz. "" ' r ' A J j: ~ : " ' ' 
 
 if remote from a great Town, it may 
 
 be had at fevcn Pence per Cent. The 
 
 Chihern indeed remains at this Day a 
 
 woody Trat ; (being, as our Do8or 
 
 tipon good Grounds thinks, fome of the 
 
 Wertern Part of the great Foreft, 
 
 AntJpe^eTpalfr 1 ) or Anfcnefrerle^e'j 
 
 Andradfwald, reaching, as LeJand fays, 
 
 from befide Pcrtus Limenus, i. e. Lime 
 
 to Cambden. 
 
 AnagaUis Foemina fare c&vuko. Female 
 blue-flower'd Pimpernel, growing wild, 
 at "Battle near Oxford, Arundofoliis vane* 
 gatis. Painted Reed in the. Thames near 
 Oxford. 
 
 Gramen caninum Ariftatum. Dog-graft 
 with Aums in Stamen-Church Woods. 
 
 Gramen Secalinum Jifoaticum. Wild Ryc- 
 grafs, ibid 
 
 in Kent, an 12.0 Miles Weftward, Gramen cyperiodes, RanuscuJi capituh 
 which falls out to be about this Place) nturido. Cyjrwj-grafs, with a round Crow- 
 but it lies fo far from Oxford and the Foot Head found in the Bogs on the Wert 
 Northern Towns, and fo convenient for 
 the River Thames, by which it is eafily 
 
 i. f ** 1.. ^t.^i_ 
 
 conveyed to London Markets, that 
 Wood (which is moll of it Beech, and 
 
 Side of Oxford. 
 
 Gramen bromoides birtum- In Godftow 
 the Copfe near Oxford, 
 
 llettsborine minor fiore a&o. White-flow- 
 
 To fit for lirtle elfe but the Fire) is of ered baftard Hellebore, in the Woods 
 
 little Benefit to the reft of the County, near StoTun- Church, not far from the 
 
 Upon this Account it is, that befides Road from Oxford to London. 
 
 Coal, which is brought up to Oxford by Hordeum nudum, feu Gymnocrithon. Na- 
 
 the Thames and Ijis, and fupplies fome ked Barley fown about Iflif in this Shire ; 
 other Towns by the Way, (for we do it is really a Kind of Wheat, onlyrefem- 
 
 i/LIlvJl * \JY*it& ItJ LilW **/J ^*\^* "W ^i\^ * *J *W*J*J .w*^ **** j 
 
 not find that any Coal is dug in this bles the two-rowed Barley in the Ear, 
 
 Stacfys
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 44* 
 
 Stackys TucMs. Bafe Hore-hound near ing jagged Cinque-foil, in the Edges of 
 
 * I . I _ . _ 1 __1 .'n.ll_ .1 /- fit, I 
 
 between Hockley and 
 
 Witney, and thereabouts, plentifully^ 
 
 T-ilia viminlbuf rttbris. The Red Lime, 
 in Stoken-Churcb Woods. 
 
 Tormentilla reptans alata. Creeping 
 Tormentilljwith deeply indented Leaves, 
 in the Corn-fields between Hockley and 
 Skotcver Woods, and clfewhere. 
 
 Triticum fpica multiplied Many eared 
 Wheat fown about Biffeter. 
 
 Vinca pervinca major. The greater Pe- 
 riwinkle, in the High-ways between Wcl- 
 tierton and TCamton y and in fcveral Hedges 
 thereabouts. Mr. Ray fears it is not an 
 Englijl) Herb, becaufe it is poffijble it 
 might have its Original from Roots 
 thrown out of Gardens. 
 
 the Corn-fields 
 Sbdtover Woods. 
 
 Orobancbe Verbafculi odcre. Brooms- rape, 
 with the Scent of a Primrofe, in the 
 Woods near S token Cburcb. 
 
 Saxifraga Anglic A annuet Alfir.es fo''o. 
 Englifo annual Saxifrage, with the Leaf 
 of Chickweed, in Baliol College Walks, 
 Heddington Fields, &>c. 
 
 Lychnis Silveflrls fore albo, two Sorts, 
 Calves-lhout with a white Flower, near 
 Holy-welly in the Suburbs of Oxford, and 
 in the Field about New-Parks. 
 
 Helleborlne flore alto-rubente. Hellebore 
 with a dark red Flower ; and 
 
 Hellebcrine latifolia montana. VVild broad - 
 
 Samiucus fruHu allo. White-berried El- leaved Hellebore, both plentifully on 
 der, in Hedges near WatJlngton. Stokev-Churcb Hills, but flowering a 
 
 Month after one another. 
 
 Lagopus major vulgaris Parkinfoni. 
 
 To thefe Dr. Plot adds, 
 Viola Mania birfuta major inodora. The 
 hairy Marcb Violet, without Scent, found kinfin's 
 plentifully in Magdalen College Coppice 
 on Shc'tover-bilt, &c. 
 
 Viola palufhis rotundifoUa. The round- 
 leaved Marfh Violet, in the Bogs about 
 Stow Wood, and on the Banks of the 
 Cberwell, between Oxford and Water- 
 
 Par- 
 
 greater common Haresfoot, in 
 Stow Wood, plentifully, and teveral 
 other Places. 
 
 Oenantbe aquatica minor. The leffer V7a- 
 ter Propwort, in the Ditches about 
 Adedley and Binfey Common, and in many 
 Places about Oxford. 
 
 Juncellus minimus. The fmalleft Club- 
 Ruin, in Benfey Common ty the IJis. 
 
 Geranium columbinum Maximum foJiis 
 Ji/eftis. The great jagged DovcVfoot 
 Crane s Bill, in the Hedges about Mar- 
 fton, and on Botley Caufey near Ox- 
 ford. 
 
 i refkws alatum t QPc, Creep- 
 
 There are no Noblemen who have 
 taken their Titles of Honour from this 
 Shire, as is done from (bme others, as 
 Ejfex t Norfolk, &c. but thofe that have 
 derived theirs from the City of Oxford, 
 we have given an Hiltory of in our Ac- 
 count of that City above ; and fo ihali 
 proceed to give a Catalogue of 
 
 Kkk 2
 
 444 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 
 
 The BARONETS of this County, from the frft 
 
 Creation in 1611. 
 
 IR Anthony Cope of Hanwell, Knt. created 29 June 16*11. 
 Sir William Pope of Wikot, Knt. ditto, created afterwards an Iri(h~> 
 Earl, viz.' Earl of Down, now extinft. 5 
 
 mas S-ener of Yarvton E( <#rto. 
 
 Bar. 26. 
 
 -r, 
 
 . tfar. 4* 
 
 Thomas S-penfer of Yarvton, E(q; <#rto. Bar. do. 
 
 Edward Fryer of Water-Eaton, Efq; \\July 1620. Bar. j^j. 
 
 "ro Carleton of Hole urn, Efq; 28 Afoy 1627. Bar. 230. 
 
 William Walter of Sarefden, Efq; created u4ag. 16*41. Bar. 351.. 
 
 Thomas Chamberlain of Wickham, Efq; created 4 F^*-. 16*42. Bar. 422, 
 
 Hewry Brown of Kiddington, Elq; (Son of Sir Peter Brawn, Knt. flain"} 
 
 in the Service of King Cfc-wfej I.) for Default of Iflue Male, to his Bar. 465. 
 
 Brother Francis, created by Patent, dated at Brujfels, I July \6^,J 
 
 Thomat Curfon of Water-Perry, created 30 April 1661. Bar. 637* 
 
 Robert Jenkinfon of Walcot, Efq; created i 8 May ditto. Bar. 646* 
 
 William Glinne of Bijfeter, alias Burncefler, Efq; created 20 A/<*y rf/f/tf. Bar. 647, 
 
 Sir Francis Wenman of Cajkvel, Knt. created 29 Nou, 1662. Bar. 712. 
 
 Thomas Cobb of Adderbury, Efq; created 9 Decemb. ditto. Bar. 715] 
 
 Sir 7o& Holman of Banbury, Knt. created 4 ^wwe io"63. Bar. 724. 
 
 Litifdon Ofbaldjlon of Chad'Hngton, Efq; created 25 ywc 1664. Bar. 743! 
 
 John Brown of Caverjbam, Efq; created 10 Afoy itfo^. Bar. 760! 
 
 3M* D'Oyly of ChiJfel-Hxmpton, Efq; created 7 ^wty i6(J5. Bar. 779^ 
 
 James 1 Simeon of Chilworth, Efq; created 18 0#<?6. 16*77. Bar. 83?! 
 
 JSir Robert Dajhwood of Northwood, Knt. created 16 Sept. 1684, Bar. 878. 
 
 Sir H<?;;ry Ajhurft of Emlngton, Knt. created 21 y#/y 1688. Bar. 900! 
 
 Thomas Wheat of Glhnpton, Efq; created 2 Jkfoy 1696". Bar. 915] 
 
 Thomas Tipping of Wheatfield, Efq; created 24 .M*r. i6"97 Bar. 923] 
 
 Thornicroft of JMHcomb, Efq; created 12 Aug. 1701* Bar. 939,. 
 
 are f aid to be of this County ', 
 Birth-place or Habitation in it is not certain- 
 ly known. 
 
 SI K. Richard Morifon, Knt. faid by publick Employments ; for he was fcnt 
 Bale, to be born in this Shire, but Embaflador to the Emperor Charles V. 
 more certainly educated in the Univer- both by King Henry VIII. and his Son 
 firy here, where having taken his De- King Edward VI. He was zealous for 
 gree in Arts, he travelled, and became the Reformation in the Reign of the la- 
 an accomplished Gentleman, and was ter, and was on that Account one of the 
 much taken Notice of by the great Men Commiflioners for reforming the Uni- 
 of his Time, which brought him into verfity of Oxford in 1549, when he ihew- 
 
 ed
 
 441 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 cd himfelfa great Friend to Peter Mar- Oxford, was a Batchelor of St. 
 
 tyr. After this he was knighted, and be- Hall, where he took his Batchelor V 
 
 ing efteemed a Perfon of great Learn- Degree, and foon after came to tho 
 
 ing, he went into Italy, and in his Re- Knowledge of Sir Walter Raleigh, who 
 
 turn died at Strasburgh, (while he re- for his admirable Skill in Mathematicks, 
 
 mained in an exiled Condition, becaufe 
 he durft not return home for Fear of 
 Queen Mary's Rage againft the Prote- 
 ftants,in whofe Caufehe had been a&ive) 
 17 Mar. 155^. He left fbme Children 
 
 entertained him in his Family, allow- 
 ed him a yearly Penfion, and at lei- 
 fure Hours was inftru&ed by him in 
 that Art. In 1584, he went with -Sir 
 Walter into Virginia, and was employed 
 
 legitimate, befides natural, and a fair by him in the DLfcovery and Survey- 
 JEltatc, which came to the former. He ing of it, and to get what Knowledge 
 
 in Poetry ana I'roie, as Hale tells Sir Walters Means, into the Earl of 
 
 us. Northumberland's Favour and Retinue, 
 
 Thomas D'oyJy defcended of the Family and was by him allowed lao/. per Ann. 
 
 of his Name in this Shire. He was elec- as he was alfo fomething confiderable 
 
 ted Probationer-Fellow of Magdalene by Sir Thomas Aylesbury, for his Mathe- 
 
 College, where having taken his Ma- matical Skill : But notwithftanding his 
 
 fter's Degree, he entred himfclf on the great Knowledge this Way, he had 
 
 Phyfick Line, and then travelled to Ba- ftrange Notions of Scripture, and un- 
 
 j?/, where he became a Doftor of Phyfick. der-valued the Hiftory of the Creation. 
 Returning home, he fettled at London, 
 became one of the College of Phyfi- 
 cians, and was fuccefsful in his Pra&ice, 
 which caufed him to be much followed. 
 
 He had a chief Hand in the Book en- 
 
 He made a Philosophical Theology, and 
 caft off the Old Teftament, that he 
 might make the New little worth, la. 
 fliort he was a Deilt, and would ar- 
 gue his Opinions with Divines, who 
 
 tituled, JSbliotbeca Hifpanica, i. e. a Spa- having no good Opinion of him, look- 
 
 yiljh Grammar and Dictionary in English ed upon his Death as a Judgment, be- 
 
 and Latin. He died 1603, and was bu- ing caufed by an incurable fore Lip,. 
 
 Church of Little St. Bar- which he had ufed fo ill. He died 
 
 fied in the 
 
 tholomew, London, leaving a young Son, 
 
 named Francis, behind him. 
 
 Harriot, born fome vhere in 
 
 2. July 1621, and was buried in St. 
 Cbrijlopher's Church, London*
 
 -The ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY of this County. 
 
 CHriftianity, by Auguftln the Monk, 
 and his Affociares, in propagating 
 the Gofpei among the Saxons in this Ifle, 
 .had not made fb great a.Progrefs, but 
 that forty-one Years after, much of it 
 ftill remained in Heathen Darknefs, an'd 
 particularly one of the largeft King- 
 doms, viz.- the Gerv'jji, or Weft Saxons. 
 This being reprefented to Pope Honorlus I. 
 Anno ($34, he fent Blrimts, a Prieft, an 
 eminent Doftor and Monk of the Order 
 of St. Benedict at that Time living in 
 the Abbey of St. Andrew in Rome, into 
 England, to endeavour the Converfion 
 of that Kingdom. Kingils was at this 
 Time King of the Weft Saxons, among 
 v.hom, when Birlnus was arrived, and 
 had preached fometime, the King ha. 
 ving the Curiofity to hear him, became 
 in Love with his holy Doftrine. Ofwald, 
 King of Northumberland^ who was 
 then courting of Kineburge, King Kingil's 
 Daughter, happened to be prefent at 
 that Time, and joined with Birinus in 
 baptizing of him ; for King Ofwald had 
 before been baptized into the Chriftian 
 Faith in Scotland, where he lived to fe- 
 cure himfelf againft the Cruelty of King 
 ~Ed<win fome Years. While this Prince 
 remained with King Kingilt, they con- 
 fulted together for the Eftabliihment 
 of a Bifhop's See for the Province of the 
 Weft Saxons, and having pitched upon 
 Dorchefter, they made 
 
 Binnus firft Bifiiop of the Weft Sax- 
 ans t and fixed his Scat at Dorchejler in 
 this County, about ten Miles from Ox- 
 ford, fubje&ing to his Government all 
 thole Countries which fince have been 
 divided, and make up the Sees of Wln- 
 tbefter, Lincoln, Salisbury, Bath, Exeter, 
 Peterborough and Oxford, if not Worcefter, 
 Hereford, Ghcejler and Brlflol ; for the 
 Mercians wanting a Bifhop, he ruled 
 that Province a while. Being thus pla- 
 ced in his See, Birintts put the Bene- 
 Monks, which he had brought 
 
 with him, to preach the Gofpei, into an 
 ancient Monaftery ztWinchefter, of whom 
 he made a certain Monk oiMount-Cajfm^ 
 named Benedict, their Abbot. Kingils, 
 while he lived, purpofed to build a 
 Cathedral for his Sec at Winchefter, and 
 got together moft of the Materials, but 
 was taken away by a fudden Death, 
 which being fenfiblc of, he called to him 
 his Son and Succeflbr Kenwald, called 
 by Bede, Sentvald, and made him fwear 
 in the Prefence of Blrinus, by his Soul, 
 that he would build a Church at Win-' 
 cbejler fui table to his Epifcopal See; and 
 whereas he had purpofed to endow ic 
 with all the Lands round that City feven 
 Miles on all Sides, for the Support of 
 the Minifters ferving God there, and o- 
 ther Officers, that he would offer it to 
 God, and confirm it for ever. Kenwald 
 being entred upon the Succeffion,was not 
 mindful of the former Oath, but not on- 
 ly reje&ed the Chriftian Faith into which 
 he had been baptized (as Tho. Radburn in 
 Hifi min. fays) by Birinus, but put away 
 from him Sexburg, the Sifter of fenda 
 King of Mercl*, who was fo provoked by 
 the Indignity, that he immediately made 
 War upon him, and carried his Refent- 
 ments Ib far, that he expelled Kenwald 
 out of the Kingdom. Kenwald, in his 
 Diftrefs, fled to Anna the Chriftian King 
 of the Eajt Angles, who courteoufly en- 
 tertained him, and having brought him 
 over again to the Chriftian Faith, into 
 which (as Mr. Speed fays) he vras bapti- 
 zed by Felix Bifhop of that Province, he 
 recalled his Wife, according to the 
 Rules of Chriftianity, and by the Inte- 
 reft of Anna recovered his former Maje- 
 fty. Being thus reftorcd to his King- 
 dom, he went about the Building the 
 Cathedral of Winchejler as he had pro- 
 mifed his Father, and having finifhed it, 
 endowed it with the Lands which his 
 Father had devoted to ir, which done, 
 Birinttt confccrated it in the twelfth 
 
 Year
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 447 
 
 Year of his Epifcopate, 646. Birinut when Rttkunus Abbot of Alston fucceeded 
 
 continued two Years longer in his E- him, and died A. C. 851. After him Aldre- 
 
 pifcopal Dignity, and dying Anno 648, Jus was confecrated Bifhop of Don kejler, as 
 
 was buried in the Church of Dorche- JMatth. of Wefminfter fays, the fame 
 
 per 
 
 Aidbert, a French Man, and a Monk, 
 
 Year; but Bifhop Godwin fays in 8<5i, 
 making a Vacancy of ten Years. He was 
 
 was, upon this Vacancy, placed in the deprived in 873, and Ctolredus confecra- 
 See of Dorchejter, which he held 15 Years, 
 In his Time Keniuald more richly en- 
 
 ted in his Room the fame Year, but 
 when he died, we find not. ILifardus 
 
 dowed the Church of Wlncbejler y by gi- fucceeded him. He was appointed bv 
 ving it 3 Manors of his own, viz- Dun- King Alfred, one of the Guardians of the 
 ton, Alresford and Wordy ; but at length Kingdom, that he might defend it a- 
 being defirous to have the Divine Ser- gainft the Power and Incurfions of the 
 
 vice, and particularly the Sacraments, 
 in a Language he underitood, (which it 
 feems Aeilbtrt could not do) he took to 
 him one Wirid, a Native of his own Na- 
 tion, but ordained in France, and mado 
 him Bifhop of Wincbefter, not confulting 
 with Agilbert., who was at that Time Bi- 
 fliop of Dorckefter. Agilbert took ic as fo 
 great a Difrefpeft, that he left the King- 
 dom of the Weft Saxons, and fled firft 
 into Northumberland to King Alfrld, his 
 
 Danes, Anno 897, and died the fame 
 Year. 
 
 Kenttlf, or rather Ceolulf, was promo* 
 ted to this See, Anno 905. He was con- 
 fecrated with fix other Bifhops, by 
 Plegmttnd Archbifhep of Canterbury, viz- 
 the Bilhops of Wincbefier, Sh'irburn and 
 Wells, Creditcn, St. Petrock, and of the 
 South Saxons, three of which were of a 
 new Eftablifhment by this King, and the 
 other three fain vacant in the Time that 
 
 great Friend, where he preached ibme the Papal Excommunication lay upon 
 
 Time, and ordained Wilfrid, then but the King and Nation, which Pkgmuntl : 
 
 young, but of a great Capacity, a, Prieft, by going to Rome removed, 
 
 and then went into his native Country, Leofwin fucceeded him, but we know not 
 
 and was made Bifhop of Paris. After his the Time. The Diocefe of SidnaceJler T 
 
 Departure this Sec was removed to which had been deftitute of a Bifhop tea 
 
 Sidnacefter, (by Mr. Cambden thought to Years, was committed to his Care* and 
 
 be Gainsborouglo, but by us placed at Sto<tu) was then united to DorcJxjhn- He was a 
 
 in Liruolnfoire, where we have treated of great Beuefa&or to the Abbey of Rarnfey-, 
 
 the Succeflion of the Bifliops that fat and died in the Year 959, leaving his- 
 
 there, to which \ve refer our Reader. See to 
 After it had continued there about 108 
 Years, it was again fettled at IWc&?j?<?r, 
 and 
 
 who was confecrated in the 
 After whom fat 
 alias JEfcury; and next to 
 
 Tota, Tetttj or TortMm, after he had 
 fit at Leicejler a little Time, brought the 
 See to Dorcbefter, Anno Chr. 737, and go- 
 verned it above twenty Years, but Time 
 hath buried his A&ions, Edbertus fuc- 
 ceeded him. He was confecrated Anno 
 764, but died foon after, for Werer.lertm 
 his Succefler died Ar.no 768. To him 
 fucceeded, according to 'Fttrilegtti, TJnivera, 
 tho' fome place him before Wereiibert, 
 which could not be, becaufe he was 
 alive in the Year of Chrift, Eight Hun- 
 dred and Six, and died not till 814, 
 
 Year 960. 
 
 Afcwyn, 
 him 
 
 Alfoelmus, of both which we find no? 
 thing more. 
 
 Eadnotkus, or JEdnotbut, the firft Abbot 
 of Ramfey, was chofen Bilhop of I^r- 
 cbejler, Anno 1008, and was Bifhop eight- 
 Years, when he was killed in a Battle 
 with the Banes at EfsdoJt, praying for the. 
 Succcts of the %ngh$> Array, Anno 
 101 6. 
 
 EadricHS, or Etbericlc, was his Succeflbr, 
 being confecratcd into his See the * fam* 
 Year. He caufed St. Felix of Sfham- to 
 be trarflated toSebam with nrucIvHonour, 
 
 in..
 
 44* OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 in 1016, and 'before his Death beftowed him a Bifhoprick, if 
 many Manors and Eftates on the Church 
 of Rxmfy, where he lies buried 
 
 near 
 
 the Corner of the high Alter. He held 
 his Bifhoprick 19 Years, and died Anno 
 1034 ; to him fucceeded 
 
 Eadnotkus II. who was chofen into his 
 See the fame Year, and held it fixteen 
 Years. He built the Church of St. Mary 
 at Stow in Lincclnjhire, and died in the 
 Year 1050, leaving his See to 
 
 IJlfus, who by his Country was a Nor- 
 man, and came into England with Emma, 
 the Queen of King Ethelred, who was 
 the Sifter of Richard Duke of Normandy ; 
 fhe by her earneft Intreaties perfwaded 
 her Son "Ring Edward, furnamed the 
 Cor.feffor, to declare him Bifliop of Doy- 
 cktjter, .tho' he was known to be a very 
 unlearned Alan ; but he held it not long, 
 for in the Year 1051, when all the reft 
 of the Normans were driven out of the 
 Kingdom, becaufe they had gotten moft 
 of the chief Offices of the Kingdom into 
 their Hands by unjuft Means; he alfo 
 was expelled with them. The Council 
 at Varfeillis happened to be met at the 
 fame Time ; whereupon he reforted 
 thither to complain of the Injury done 
 him, to the Pope; but while he was fo 
 doing, he betrayed fo much Iliiterate- 
 nefs and Ignorance, that the Pope had 
 fome Thoughts of degrading him from 
 iiis Epifcopal Office ; but being brought 
 off from that Defign by fomc large Pre- 
 fents, he did not execute it ; however 
 the Thoughts of it fo much troubled 
 him, that he died foon after (as may 
 juftly be fuppofcd) of meer Grief. His 
 Succeflbr in this See was 
 
 Wulfnns,or Wulfiinus,\vho immediately, 
 
 upon the Expulfionof I7/f.f the laftBifhop, 
 
 was confecrated into his Place, He held 
 
 this Sec near 14 Years, and dying at 
 
 Winchefter Anno 1067, was buried at Dor- 
 
 d-ejler m his Church, leaving his Sec to 
 
 Remigius, the lad Bilhop of Dercbefler. 
 
 He was a Monk of Fifcamp, and a Prieft's 
 
 Son. William Duke of Normandy, who 
 
 afterwards fubducd England, and became 
 
 King of it, in Confideration of many 
 
 jjood Serrices done by him, promifed 
 
 4 
 
 he happened to 
 
 conquer in the War he was then under- 
 taking againft England. Nor was he 
 worfe than his Word ; for as foon as this 
 See was vacant by the Death of Wulfi- 
 nus, he made him Bifliop of it. But 
 when Alexander, the fecond Bifhop of 
 Rome, heard of it, he judged it a fimo- 
 niacal Donation, and deprived him of 
 his Bifhoprick, he being then at Rome. 
 However, by the Interceffion of Lav- 
 franc, Archbifliop of Canterbury, with the 
 Pope, he was reftored to his See, his 
 Ring and Crofier being returned to him. 
 Immediately upon the Repofleflion of his 
 See, he returned home, and began to 
 prepare for fome great Buildings, which 
 he defigned to ereft at T)orchejler ; but 
 when it was decreed by a Synod met at 
 London, the King himfelf much forward- 
 ing the Matter, that fuch Bimops Sees 
 as were fixed in fmall Towns, (as there 
 were at this Time very many) fliould 
 be removed to the rooft famous Cities, 
 Remigius left Dorchefler, and planted his 
 See at "Lincoln, one of the moft populous 
 Cities of England, and a great merchan- 
 dizing Place both by Land and Sea, and 
 there built his Cathedral near the Caftle ; 
 and fo the See of Donhejter was abolifli- 
 ed, and Lincoln was the .Epifcopal Seat 
 of thofe Parts ; of which fee Lincolnshire 
 in the Ecclefiajtical Hi/lory in the foregoing 
 Part of this Work. 
 
 The See of "Dcrchefiev being thus removed 
 to Lincoln, not only the Town it felf, 
 but the whole Shire of Oxford became a 
 Part of the Diocefe of Lincoln, and fb 
 continued for fome Ages, till King Henry 
 VIII. having feized the Lands of the 
 rich Abbics, Priories, Hotpitals, gpc. 
 in all his Dominions, ereted out of them 
 fix new Bimopricks, of which this of 
 Oxford was one, which he endowed with 
 the Lands belonging to the late Mona- 
 fteries of Aloingdon and Ofney. The Ca- 
 thedral he appointed to be the Abbey- 
 Church of Ofney, (being half a Mile, or 
 thereabouts from Oxford, Anno 1541; but 
 he afterwards changed his Mind, and 
 about 5 Years after made the Abbey of 
 
 St.
 
 XFO R^D S HI RE. 
 
 449 
 
 St. Frfc/w/fe, and the Church in it, the 
 Cathedral, giving it the Name of Chrjjl- 
 Clwcb, appointing the Chapter to conlilt 
 of a Dean, and eight Canons or Preben- 
 daries; and at the fame Time out of the 
 Revenues provided by .the Cardinal, 
 giving a Revenue for certain Chap- 
 lains, an hundred Students, and twenty- 
 four poor People ; whereupon the See 
 was removed from the Abbey of Ofney 
 to the College of ChriJi-Church in 1546 ; 
 and 
 
 Robert Kynge, the laft Abbot of Ofney, 
 was made the firft Bifliop of Oxford. He 
 was defcendcd of an ancient Family in 
 Vevovjbire, and while he was young was 
 made a Cijlerttan Monk in ReivJey Abbey, 
 and fometimes for the Sake of Learning 
 he lived with the Eernardlnes in the North 
 Suburb of the City of Oxford. Being 
 eminent for Learning and Piety, he was 
 fucceflively ele&ed Abbot of Ertterne 
 and Tbame in this County, and at length 
 Bifliop of Roven in the Province of A- 
 ibensy holding the Abbacy of Ofney In Com- 
 mendam. At this Time Oxford was made 
 an Epifcopal See, and the Abbey of 
 Ofney being appointed the Habitation of 
 the Dean and Canons of the Cathedral, 
 he the faid Robert Kynge being Abbot, 
 was conftituted the firft Bifhop, Glocejler 
 College being appointed for his Palace, 
 the Abbot's Lodgings of Ofney the Habi- 
 tation for the Dean and Canons, and 
 
 other Apartments of the Abbey for the 
 Students and other Officers belonging to 
 the Cathedral. In the Year 1546, when 
 the Cathedral was removed to Chrifl- 
 Chttrch from Ofney j the faid Kynge was 
 continued Bifhop, but rtill had the fame 
 Palace, till King Edward VI. being come 
 to the Crown, and making a Recital of 
 his Father's Ere&ion of this See, left 
 out Glocejler College, intending it for 
 fome other Ufe, and fo this Bifliop be 
 came deftitute of a Palace. What Houfe 
 or Lodgings he had during the red 
 of his Time in this See, we do not find 
 tho' he continued Bifliop till the Year 
 1557, and fo paiTed not only King </- 
 ward VI. but almoft all Queen Mary's 
 Reign in that Dignity. Mr. Fox in his 
 Martyrology, fuh An. 1558, calls him 
 the Bifhop of Thame, (probably be- 
 caufe his Houfe was there, tho' hired) 
 and fays, He was an aged Man, and 
 commends him for his Mildneis in the 
 burning Reign of Queen Mary, in that 
 he did not care to have a'ny Thing to 
 do with thofe, whom the predominant: 
 Religion called Hereticks, and ufually 
 treated worfe than Heathens or favagc 
 Beafts. He died 4 Decemb. 1557, having 
 fat 1 6 Years, and was buried on the 
 North-fide of the high Altar under a 
 Tomb joined to the Wall, having this 
 Infcription : 
 
 Hie facet Robertas King S. TheologiA Profejfor, & primus 
 Epifcopus OxonU (jui obilt quarto IDecembr'ts 1557. 
 
 But his Monument hath fince been re- 
 moved by the Confent of fome of his 
 Family, and is now placed under the 
 lower South Window of this Ifle joining 
 on the South-fide of the Quire ; his Ef- 
 figies in his Epifcopal Habit being paint- 
 ed in the faid Window. Who was his 
 Succeflbr in this See, is hard to deter- 
 mine, the Generaliry of our Church 
 Hiftorians making. a Vacancy here of 
 ten Years, which, tho' very probable, 
 yet fince we find an Hiflorian, viz- one 
 William Harrifon in Hollnpead aflerting, 
 that 
 
 'Thomas GuldweU fucceeded him in the 
 Reign of Queen Mary, who died in 
 1558, we thought not ht to omit him, 
 tho' his Defcription is not very becoming 
 the Office ; for 'tis faid that he was a 
 Romijb Jcfuit, more conftant (as Fame 
 reprefented him) in the black Art, than 
 skilful in Scripture ; and yet he was a 
 Perfon of great Reputation among the 
 Roman Monarchs, (which renders it pro- 
 bable that 'Queen Mary mignt fo prefer 
 him); He is faid alfo to have obferved 
 the Canons of his Order when he was 
 Bifhop, infomuch that he rcearc'ed not 
 L 1 1 the
 
 45 
 
 XFO R T) S HIRE. 
 
 the Temporal tics of his See, (at firft) ted Queen Elizabeth to beftow upon him 
 but afterwards he found the Sweetnefs of the Buhoprick of Oxford, being defirous 
 a Revenue of 3547. i6s. 6d. per Ann. to fpend the Remainder of his Days in 
 and was as careful to get it as any other Peace and Eafe. The Queen readily 
 could be. Who this Thomas Goldvjell was, granted his Petition, and being there- 
 ve can't difcover. There was one of upon elcded by the Dean and Chapter 
 that Name Bifhop of St. Afaph, about of Chrift-Churcb, the Queen gave him 
 that Time, but we have no Account that the Temporalties the fame Year. Being 
 he was removed to Oxford ; and we meet confecrated to this See, he came ana 
 with another who was the laft Abbot of fettled at Swinbroke near Burford, becaule 
 the Church of Canterbury t but have no there was no Houfe or Palace belonging 
 
 to his See ; but lived but one Year after, 
 dying in the later End of Oftober in 
 1568, and was buried in the Parifhv 
 Church there, i Nov. After this Bi- 
 fliop s Death, this See remained about 
 one and twenty Years vacant, and then 
 Sir Francis Waljlngham, who had made a 
 good Gain of the Revenues all that 
 Time, began to think what Benefit the 
 Leafes would be upon the Renewing; 
 and thereupon recommended to this 
 being in holy Orders, was made one of See 
 the Chaplain* of King Henry VIII. After John "Underbill, then one of her Maje- 
 that King's Divorce from Queen Ca- fty Queen Elizabeth's Chaplains, Rettor 
 iharlne, he became a great Promoter of of Lincoln College, Oxford, as alfo Re&or 
 his Marriage with Anna Boleine ; and of Witney, and one of the Vicars of 
 when Friar Peto (afterwards Cardinal) Bampten in this Shire. He was ele&ed 
 had inveighed much againft it in a Ser- and confecrated to it in 1 589, being over 
 mon preached before the King at Green- perfwaded to accept of it by Sir Francis, 
 wicl. Dr. Curwyn happening to preach by Promifes of greater Preferments, but 
 there the Sunday following, fpoke as he enjoyed it not Jong, and died in much 
 much for the King's Marriage us Peto Difcon tent and Poverty, little more than 
 had againft if, condemning him for his two Years after, viz. ij May- 1592, at 
 Audacioufm -fs in doing it to the King's London, and being conveyed to Oxford, 
 'Face. Biftiop Godwin de Pr*f. AngL fays, was buried in his Cathedral Church, 
 
 Intimation that he was a Bilhop at all. 
 We muft therefore leave the Credit of 
 this Bifhop upon the Faith of the Hifto- 
 rian, and as to the Vacancy not deter- 
 mine any Thing about it, but proceed to 
 the next Bilhop, 
 
 Hugh Curivyn, or Coren, who was pre- 
 ferred to this See by Queen Elizabeth, 
 Anno 1567. He was defcended of an 
 ancient Family of his Name in Wejlmcr- 
 land, bred up in Erazen-nofe College, and 
 
 He was Archdeacon of Oxford, following 
 the Current of Hiftorians, but afl were 
 miftaken,. for it was Dr Richard, Curwin 
 
 towards the upper End of the Quire, 
 juft before the Bifhop'* Chair, leaving 
 this Chara&er behind him, That he was 
 
 was the Archdeacon, and not this Hugh. Vir clants eloquio, & acutus insrenio. After 
 
 Soon after this he was preferred to the this Bifliop's Death, this See had another 
 
 Deanery of Hereford, where he continued Vacancy of eleven Years, in which Space 
 
 all King Edward's Reign; but when of Time the Patrimony of the Bifhoprick 
 
 " was much delapidated and wafted, beina 
 
 i ** /**/ */. _^ D 
 
 Queen Mary (to whom he was Chaplain) 
 came to the Throne, flic nominated him 
 Archbiraop of Dublin, and he was con- 
 1'ccrn.te4 to that See in St. Paul's Church, 
 London, Anno 1555, and within a few 
 l);iys after made Chancellor of Irtland. 
 Li this high Station he continued, till 
 the Year 1567, when being tired with 
 Multitude of Bufinefs, he fupglica- 
 
 made a Prey of (for moft of the Time) 
 by Robert Earl of Letcefler, to whom the 
 Revenues'proved as fatal as the Gold of 
 Tholcufe did of old to the Soldiers of Ce- 
 ph. His Death brought the Revenues of 
 the See, if not into the Queen's Treafu- 
 ry, yet into other Hands, who held them 
 fnft till King Jama I. came to the
 
 X F R T> S PI I R E. 
 
 Throne, Anno 1602, who foon after his 
 Acceffion to the Throne, iflued out his 
 Conge d' Ejlire for the ele&ing 
 
 John Bridges, D. D. and Dean of Sa- 
 lisbury, Bifliop of this See. He Was con- 
 fecrated 12 Feb. 1603, but perhaps to his 
 Lofs, as to the Revenue, for he had 3 
 rich Parfonages, viz.. Cheriton and Brottgh- 
 ton in Northamptonshire, &ndBrightiveU near 
 Wallingford in Berkfiire ; fo that it is 
 probable he accepted this See rather out 
 of ;t Defire of doing good in it as a Go- 
 vernor of the Church, than for any 
 temporal Advantage he could receive by 
 it. And accordingly we may obferve he 
 a&ed ; for he took much Pains, tho' it 
 proved to little Purpofe, to recover the 
 Rights and Privileges of his Church, 
 which had been much violated, and 
 bring his Diocele under due Regula- 
 tions. He was a learned Man for the 
 Times he lived in, and wrote feveral 
 Books, of which there is a Catalogue in 
 the Account of the Bodleian or Oxford Li- 
 brary. He died 26 Mar. lo'iS, and was 
 buried in the Church of Balden in the 
 Marfh near Oxford. 
 
 John Hotefon, D. D. Canon of Ckrjjl- 
 Church, Re&or of BrightweU near Wat- 
 lington, and Fellow of Chelfey College, 
 fucceeded him, being elefted 12 Sept. 
 1618, and confecrated o March follow- 
 ing. He was always, before and after his 
 Attaining this See, a zealous Defender of 
 the Order and Ceremonies of the Church 
 of England, of which he gave a ftout 
 Proof, while he was Vice-chancellor of 
 Oxford, in bringing Dr. Ayray, Mr. Sprint, 
 and Mr. Trotttbeck, three furious Calvi- 
 niftical Divines, to a Recantation, after 
 much Trouble and Oppofition, and at 
 other Times by his Sermons often 
 preached in Defence of the Church Dif- 
 ciplinc. He was a very learned Man, 
 and had in great Refoea for his Sobriety 
 and Gravity. Two Books in particular 
 were written by him, which were much 
 taken Notice of in his Time, viz,, his 
 Treatife, wherein he aflerted, That if a 
 Man puts away his Wife for Fornication, 
 he may not lawfully marry another, 
 which Thefts he had before propounded 
 
 and difputed at the Commencement, 
 1602. This Treatife was anfwered by 
 Mr. Rob. Burhill and Dr. Pye: His four 
 Sermons againft Sacrilege and the Pope's 
 Supremacy, which were preached by 
 him, and printed by King fames Ift's 
 Order, to wipe off the Refle&ion that 
 the Puritans had caft upon that King, 
 That he was popiihly inclined. Thefe 
 Sermons were never anfwered, which 
 tended to the Honour of the Author 
 very much. When he had prefided ia 
 this See near ten Years, he was tranfla- 
 ted to the Biftioprick of Durham, in the 
 Room of Dr. George Mountaigne, who was 
 removed to the Archbiihoprick of Tork* 
 1 8 Sept. 1628, where he remained to his 
 Death, which happened 6 Febr.^i6^i^ 
 Atat. 7 5, and was buried in St. Paul's* 
 London, leaving behind him the Chara&cr 
 of a very learned Man, and one plenti- 
 fully endowed with all thofe Virtues 
 that were moft proper for a Bifliop. la 
 the See of Oxford he was fucceeded by 
 
 Richard Oorbet, D. D. Dean of Cbrift- 
 Church, Prebendary of Beminfer Sccunda, 
 in the Church of Sarum, and Vicar ot 
 Cajfington near Woodjtock, who was eleftd 
 by Virtue of the King's Letters, 30 7**- 
 ly 1629, and confecrated in October foU 
 lowing. In his Youth he was one of the 
 moft celebrated Wits in the Univerfity, 
 as his Poems, Jefts, Romantick Fancies 
 and Exploits, which he made and per- 
 formed extempore, ftiew. Afterwards, 
 when he entred into Orders, he became 
 a moft quaint Preacher, and was there- 
 fore much followed by the moft ingeni- 
 ous Men. At length he was made one 
 of the Chaplains to his Majefty King- 
 fames I. (who valued him highly for his 
 fine Fancy and Preaching) by whofe 
 Favour he obtained his Deanery and this 
 See ; but he continued not long in it, fot 
 upon the Tranflation of Dr. White from 
 the See of Norwich to that of Ely, he was 
 removed from hence to Norwich, 7 Apr< 
 1632, in which he continued to his 
 Death, which happen'd 28 jfuly 1635. 
 He maintained great Hofpitality in both 
 Sees, and was a large Contributor and 
 Advancer of the Repairing of St. Paul's, 
 L 1 1 a ia
 
 XFO R T> S HIRE, 
 
 in the Year 1634. His Succeffor in this 
 
 See was 
 
 John Bancroft, D. D. Matter of TJniver- 
 Jity College, to which he was raifcd by 
 
 ' the Intereft of his Kinfman, Dr. Richard 
 Bancroft, Archbifhop of Canterbury. He 
 continued in the Headfhip of this Socie- 
 ty 20 Years, and in that Time was at 
 great Pains and Expencc to recover and 
 fottle the ancient Lands belonging to 
 that Foundation. His good Manage- 
 ment in that Station recommended him 
 to his Majefty King Charles Ift's Favour, 
 who, upon the Translation of Bifhop 
 Corbet to Norwich, nominated him Bifhop 
 of Oxford in 1632, and being confecrated 
 thereupon, gave him the Temporaltics 
 prefently after. This Bifhop found no 
 Houfe or Palace belonging to his See, 
 his Predeceflors, from Dr. Robert Ki?ig, 
 (in whofc Time Glocefter-haJI, which at 
 the Institution of this Bifhoprick, was 
 appointed for the Bifhop's Palace, was 
 taken away by King Edward VI. as is 
 aboce-mcntioned) either dwelling in the 
 J'arfbnagc-houfes of fuch Livings, as they 
 
 . held In Commendam, or elfe in hired 
 Houfcs ; and therefore refolved by the 
 Perfwafions of Archbifhop Land, to 
 "build one. In Order to the Accomplifh- 
 ing fo great a Work, he in the firft 
 Place let the Leale of the Parfonage of 
 Cudefden (which was appropriated to his 
 Sec) run out, and getting himfelf infti- 
 tutcd and indufted legally to the Vica- 
 rage, (then in his own Donation) not 
 only made a confiderable Addition to the 
 Revenue of his See, but got a proper 
 Place for ere&ing the dcfigned Pa- 
 lace. The next Thing to be provided was 
 Materials for the Buildings, 'to which his 
 Majeffy King Charles I. liberally giving 
 him a large Quantity of Timber out of 
 Sboiffoer. Forelt, he immediately fet about 
 ir, and at the Coft and Expcnce of a- 
 hout 35oo/. finifhed the Houfe and 
 Chapel in the Year 1635 ; the King was 
 then at Woodjlod', wnd Archbifhop Laud 
 being in Attendance on his Majefty, 
 -went dov.n to Caddefden to fee the Houfe 
 tlaat the Bifhop had newly built, and 
 fays that it was done by his Perfwafion 
 
 in his Diary. But the Bifliop enjoyed 
 not this his Palace long; for in 1640, 
 when the Long Parliament began and 
 proceeded with great Vigour againft the 
 Bifhops, he was pbflefled with fo many 
 great Fears, (Having always been an E- 
 nemy to the Purltdfts} that with little or 
 no Sicknefs he died in his Lodgings at 
 Wejlminfler. Nor did his Palace long 
 lurvive him, for Col. Leggy during the 
 fhortTimc that he was Governor of the 
 Garrifon at Oxjord, burned it down in the 
 later End of the Year 1644, for Fear it 
 fhould be made a Garrifon by the Par- 
 liament Forces, tho' (as Dr. TLeylin, in his 
 Life of Archbifhop Laud, fays) he might 
 with as much Reafon, and more Piety, 
 have garrifon'd it for the King, and fo 
 preferred the Houfe. But tho' the Pa- 
 lace was gone, the See yet continued, 
 and 
 
 Dr. Robert Skinner, Re&or of Launton 
 in this County, and then Bilhop of 
 Briftol, was tranflated to this See in the 
 Beginning of the Year 1641; but the 
 Alob encouraged by fonie great ones be- 
 hind the Curtain, crying down with the 
 Bifhops, and frighting them from their 
 Seats in the Upper Houfe, this Bifhop, 
 with eleven others, protefting againft all 
 'the Ordinances, Ats, and other Tranf- 
 actions of Parliament debated, refolved 
 and pafled in their Abfence, as null and 
 void, was with them imprifoned in the 
 Tower of London, where, tho 3 he continu- 
 ed but 18 Weeks before he was fet at 
 Liberty, and that upon Bail, yet he ne- 
 ver after was publickly acknowledged 
 for a Bifhop, or received any of the 
 Profits of his See. "From the Time of 
 his Rcleafe he went down to his Reftory 
 at Lattnton, which he had held In Com- 
 mendam with his Bifhoprick of Oxford) 
 and lived there retiredly and quietly, by 
 fubmitting fo much to the Humour and 
 Ordinances of the Governors of thole 
 Times, that when the Temporalties of 
 his See was taken from him, he had the 
 Revenues of this Reftory to maintain 
 himfelf and Family. Yet it is- fa id of 
 him, that he did uftially read the Com- 
 mon Prayer, and confer Orders, ac- 
 cording
 
 OXFO R Z> S HIR E. 
 
 455 
 
 cording to the Church of England, which 
 if true, this See muft not be reckoned 
 vacant during the Time of the Rebel- 
 lion, becaufe he refided in his Diocefe, 
 and excrcifed his Epifcopal Function in 
 fome .Meafure, as the Times would per- 
 mit, tho* he enjoyed not the Tempora- 
 lities. After the Reftoration of King 
 Cbarles II. to the Throne, he recovered 
 his Bifhoprick here, and was appointed 
 by his Majefty one of the Commiflioners 
 for the via" ting of the Uhiverfity of 
 Oxford, then much out of Order, and 
 rectifying it ; but was not at that Time 
 tranflated to a richer See, as he very 
 much ex petted, becaufe he had a great 
 and potent Enemy at Court, who gave 
 him a bad Character, for his SubmilTion 
 in fome Things to the ufurping Powers; 
 but he was at laft, Qttob. 1663, tranf- 
 lated to the See of Worcefter, where he 
 fat about 7 Years ; and after his Death, 
 which happen'd in 1670, was buried in 
 a Chapel at the Eaft End of the Quire 
 of the Cathedral of Worcefter, and foon 
 after a flat Marble Stone was laid upon 
 his Grave, with a long Latin Epitaph. In 
 the Times of the Ufurpation he was 
 fuppofed to be the only Bifhop that 
 conferred Orders ; and after King 
 Charles ^ Return, an Hundred and three 
 Perfons did at one Time take holy Or- 
 ders from his Hands in the Abbey 
 Church of Weftminfter, and very many 
 in the Diocefes where he fucceflively 
 fat ; fo that at his Death it was compu- 
 ted that he had fent more Labourers 
 into the Lord's Vineyard, than all his 
 Brethren which he left behind him 
 had done. In this See he was fucceed- 
 ed by 
 
 William Paul, D. D. Rettor of Bright- 
 well and Cbinnor, two rich Livings, which 
 he was allowed to hold in Commendam 
 v/ith this See. He kept the Divinity Att 
 for his Dottor's Degree, and anfwered 
 with general Satisfaction. After this he 
 became one of his Majefty's Chaplains, 
 and was made a Refidentiary of Cblcbe- 
 fter, and fo remained till the Rebellion, 
 a little before which he preached be- 
 fore Dr. Bancroft at his Epifcopal Vifita.- 
 
 tion, upon Acts 17. 24. In the Time of 
 the Rebellion Mr. Wcod fays, he fuffered 
 in fome Part for his Loyalty, but what 
 he doth not mention, nor can we find ,it 
 elfewhere. To be fure he could not 
 keep his Place of Refidentiary, what- 
 foever he did with Bright-well and 
 Cbinnor, which perhaps he might keep, 
 if the Charatter Lloyd gives him were 
 true. That he was a fhrewd Man at Bu- 
 finels ; and as he was a mony d Man, fo 
 he had fuch a politick Way of difpofing 
 of it, that he carried a great Command 
 over the fattious Men about him, to 
 whom he lent it with an Advantage to 
 himfelf, as well as with an Obligation of 
 the leading Men among them in thofc 
 fad Times, when others of his Order 
 were 'forced to fubmit to them. Upon 
 the Reftoration of King Charles II.' he 
 was made one of his Majefty's Chaplains 
 and Dean of Litcbfeld, after the Death 
 of Griffin Higgs. Keeping up the Re- 
 putation ftill of a mony'd Man, and a 
 Pcrfon well acquainted with fecular Af- 
 fairs, he was by the Endeavours of Dr. 
 Sheldon, then Archbifiiop of Canterbury, 
 (fomeame his Fellow-Collegiate) promo- 
 ted to this See, in Hopes, that according 
 to fome feeming Promifes he had made, 
 he would rebuild the Bimop's Palace at 
 Cudfden ; for which Reafon alfo it was 
 that he had Liberty allowed him to keep 
 the Retteries of Brigbtwell and Cbinnor in. 
 this County, and hold them in Commen- 
 dam with his Bifhoprick. Being confe- 
 crated and inftalled in his Bifhoprick, 
 7 Jan. 16(5;, he began his Detign, and 
 laid in at Cudfden a confiderable Quan- 
 tity of Timber and other Materials 
 for Building ; but before any Thing 
 more was done in the Matter he died 
 24 May 1665, which happening at Chi/,-- 
 nor, his Body was conveyed to Bright- 
 well, and there buried in the Chancel of 
 the Church, and foon after was fet a 
 comely Tomb over his Grave by his- 
 Widow. After him 
 
 Walter Btandford, D. D. obtained this 
 See in 1665. He was admitted Fellow 
 of Wadbam College in 1644; and when 
 the Viators fent by Parliament in 1648, 
 
 ejected
 
 454 
 
 ejected all fuch as would not take the 
 Covenant, or fubmit to their Power, he 
 was not eieftcd, which (hews that fome 
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 Crew, and Heir alfo of fome confidera- 
 
 ble Part of his Paternal Eftate, which, 
 with his rich Bifhoprick, made him a 
 
 vay or other he complied with them to very rich Prelate. In his Life-rime he 
 
 their Satisfa&ion. Near this Time he got was a great Benefa&or to his College ; 
 
 to be Chaplain to John Lord Lovelace of for, i. He added twenty Pounds per Ann. 
 
 Hurley in Berkjhire, and Tutor to his Son to the Headihip, and ten Pounds per Ann. 
 
 John, both in his Family and in the to each of the twelve Fellowlhips. ^. He 
 
 College. In 1659 he was ele&ed and made an Augmentation of ten Pounds 
 
 admitted Warden of his College, and per Ann. a-piece for ever to the Curates 
 being about the fame Time created Doc- 
 tor of Divinity, was admitted Chaplain 
 to Sir . Edward Hyde, Knt. Lord Chan- 
 cellor of England, who obtained for him 
 
 a Prebend in the Church of Ghcefter, and 
 a Chaplainfhip in ordinary to his Ma- 
 jefty. In i66z and 166$, he was Chan- 
 
 of the four Churches belonging to the 
 faid College, viz.* All-Saints, and St. 
 Michael in Oxford, Ttviford in Buckingham- 
 fiire, and Comb in Oxfordferdjhire. 3. He 
 made up the Bible- Clerks Places, and 
 eight Scholarships belonging to the Col- 
 lege, ten Pounds per Ann. each for ever, 
 
 cellor of the Univerfity ; and upon the which before were very mean, all which 
 
 Death of Dr. William Paul, was nomna- 
 ted Bifliop of Oxford, and having been 
 ele&ed by the Dean and Chapter of 
 Chrif -Church, 
 in St. Mary's, 
 
 Endowments took Place according to the 
 Deed of Gift, from Michaelmas 1717. 
 4. He alfo hath fettled twenty Pounds 
 
 Nov. 1665, was confirmed per Ann. upon twelve Exhibitioners no- 
 a8 Nov. Soon after he minated by himfelf, which took Place 
 
 was made Dean of the Royal Chapel, 
 and up^on the Death of Dr. Skinner, Bi- 
 
 from Lady-day 1718. We have alfo heard 
 of fome large Legacies given to theUni- 
 
 ^ 
 
 fhop of Worcefter, was tranflated to that verfity of Oxford and Lincoln College, by 
 See, and confecrated in St. Mary Savoy his laft Will ; but not finding them 'men- 
 
 Church in the Strand, 13 June 1671", 
 where having fat 4 Years, he died 9 Ju- 
 ly 1675, * tat - 59> an d was buried in our 
 Lady's Chapel beyond the Eaft End of 
 the Quire in the Cathedral of Worcefier, 
 and not Jong after a Atonument of Mar- 
 ble was fet over his Grave, with a long 
 "Latin Epitaph, highly commending his 
 Virtues, mentioning his Preferments, 
 &c. He lived always fingle, and never 
 fcemed at all inclined to Marriage. In 
 this See he was fuccceded by 
 
 Nathaniel Crew, the fourth Son of John 
 Lord Crew of Stene in Nortlarriptetjjhire, 
 Do&or of Laws, and the Re&or of Lin- 
 coln College, Dean of Chichejler, and 
 Clerk of the King's Clofet. He was 
 promoted to this See in July 1671, and 
 having fat 3 Years or thereabouts, was 
 tranflated to the Sec of Durham, of which 
 he was Bifhop above 40 Years. To this 
 
 tioned in Dr. Ailloff's Account of the 
 Univerfity of Oxford, put out fince this 
 Bilhop's Death, we can't be particular 
 in them ; nor would we have mention'd 
 the former fo much out of their Place, 
 butbecaufe they were not fettled when we 
 gave the Defcription of the See of Dur- 
 ham, or we had no Knowledge of 
 them. 
 
 Henry Compton, D. D. Matter of St. 
 Crofs's, and Re&or of Witney in this 
 Shire, was Dr. Crew's Succeflbr in this 
 See, but was fcarcely fettled in, when 
 he was tranflated to London, to which See 
 we muft refer our Reader for his Cha- 
 rafter, and mail proceed to his Succef- 
 for, 
 
 John Fell, D. D. and Dean ef Clxifi- 
 Chunh, who was elefted 8 Jan. 1675. 
 fhop of Oxford, and confecrated 
 
 6 Feb. 
 
 following, by the Bifhop of Winchejter at 
 
 Spiritual Dignity and Honour, he alfo Clelfcy, being allowed at the fame Time 
 had an Addition of temporal, by the to hold his Deanery in Commendam, not 
 Death of his elder Brothers, without only as an Addition to his fniall Bifhop- 
 llme Male, being on that Account Lord rick, but to keep him in the College, 
 2. that
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 45 > 
 
 that he might go on more yigoroufly in 
 doing good both to the Society and Uni- 
 verfity. This excellent Perfon (perhaps 
 fomething of a Miracle in Nature) was 
 made a Student of Cbrijl-Churcb at eleven 
 Years old, and Matter of Arts at eigh- 
 teen, when his Majefty King Charles I. 
 having Oxford for a Garrifon, he was in 
 Arms for the King, and afterwards was 
 the Enfign of a Company. In 1648, he 
 was turued out of his Student's Place by 
 the Parliament-Vifitors, being then in 
 Orders, and fpent his Time in Oxford 
 privately in his Studies, till the Reite- 
 ration of King Charles II. when he was 
 inftalled a Canon of his College in 16*60, 
 and foon after, viz- in the fame Year 
 Dean. He had the Government of his 
 College no fooner in his Hands, than he 
 undertook and effe&ed 3 great Works, 
 viz.' i Toreftorethe eje&ed Members, 
 and remove the fa&ious. 2. To improve 
 his College in Learning and Religion. 
 5. To adorn it with Buildings. Which 
 laft he gave wonderful Proofs of, by fi- 
 niming Wolfeys great Quadrangle, re- 
 building the Eaft-fide of the Chaplains- 
 Quadrangle ; erefting the Lodgings be- 
 longing to the Canon of the third Stall, 
 and fetting up the (lately Tower over the 
 great and principal Gate opening into 
 Fijh-ftreet, into which the great Bell, 
 called Great Tom of Chrift-Chunh, was 
 put, 19 May 1684, and has ever fince 
 been tolled at 9 a Clock every Night, as 
 a Signal for all Scholars to repair forth- 
 with to their refpe&ive Colleges and 
 Halls. It is true, all thefe Buildings 
 were not erc&ed at his own Charge, but 
 by many generous Donations and Con- 
 tributions; but-fihce 'tis probable they 
 had never been done, had he not been 
 the Promoter of them as well by his Ex- 
 pence as Intereft and Labour, he defer- 
 vedly ought, to have the Credit of the 
 Work. Being inverted with the Office of 
 Vice-chancellor in 1666, 1667, 1668, 
 and Part of 16^9, he with wonderful 
 Care and Diligence applied himfelf to 
 root out the Diforders which had crept 
 into the Univerfity by the late Times; 
 fbr. ha made the Scholars of all Degrees 
 
 fo in their Caps, and at all publick Aflem- 
 lies to appear in their Hoods; he looked 
 narrowly at the Performances of all Ex- 
 ercifes in the Schools, and that they 
 might be done regularly and well, 
 would often be there himfelf. He was a 
 moft excellent Difciplinarian in his own 
 College, a zealous Favourer of the 
 Church of England, a great Encouragcr 
 of Learning in the Univerfity, and all 
 publick Works, which h conceived for 
 its Advantage, as the Building of the ' 
 Theatre, and improving the Art of 
 Printing ; of a moft generous Spirit in 
 expending his Money upon any pious 
 and charitable Obje&s, bold and refolute, 
 never difcouraged from purfuing his good 
 Defigns by any Thing others did or 
 thought of them; and laftly, of moft ex- - 
 a& Morals, and truly virtuous, of an 
 unfpotted Life, and unqueftionable Re- 
 putation, every way equal to the high 
 Office in the Church to which he was 
 called in this Place. His beneficent Ge- 
 nius followed him hither alfo, for he 
 was no fooner fettled in his See, but he 
 betook himfclf to the Rebuilding the Pa- 
 lace belonging to it at Cttdefden near Ox- 
 ford. And to that End he firft confidered, 
 what any oft his Predeceflbrs had done 
 towards it, which was- very little befidcs 
 the Timber, which Dr. Paui had provi- 
 ded, and then went about it ; and in the 
 Year 1679, finimed the Outfide with a 
 Chapel, as it had before upon the old 
 Foundation, and compleated the Infide 
 foon after; but lived not long after to 
 enjoy his Labour, for having brought 
 his Body to an ill Habit, and having 
 wafted his Spirits by too much Zeal for 
 the Pub'lick', he- departed this Life, to 
 the great Lofs of Learning and the whole 
 Univerfity, 10 jfaly 1680", leaving be- 
 hind him the Chara&er of a learned and 
 pious Divine, a great Aflertor of the 
 Church of England, a fecond Founder 
 of his College, and a Patron of the whole 
 Univerfity, and was buried in the Divi- 
 nity Chapel of the Cathedral, under 
 the Dean's Seat on the right Hand. He 
 hath many Tnings in Print, befidcs the 
 feveral Books which he uihcred to the 
 
 Prefs,
 
 45* 
 
 OXFO R <D SHIR E. 
 
 Prefs,for. the Encouragement of Printing 
 in the Univerfity with Prefaces, Notes, 
 &c. but that -which renders him moft 
 famous is his Edition of St. -Cyprian, with 
 the Audition of the Annales Cyprianici, 
 drawn up by the eminently learned Pre- 
 late Dr. John Pjerfon, Bifliop of Chejler-. 
 He alfo for the promoting of humane 
 Learning, caufed fome Claflick Author 
 to be printed againft New Tear's Day, 
 from 1661, to his Death, with his E- 
 piftle,. Notes, or CorrcSions, and pre- 
 fentcd them to the Students of his Col- 
 lege. He alfb publiflied feveral Parts of 
 the Whole Duty of Man's Works. His 
 Succeflor in this See was 
 
 Samuel Parker, D. D. Archdeacon and 
 Prebendary of Canterbury , and Reftor of 
 Ickkam and Chartham in Kent, who was 
 con Teemed into it at Lambeth, 17 Ottob. 
 1686. He was of Wadham College in 
 Oxford, but removed to Trinity, where by 
 the Advice and Inftru&ion of Dr. Ralph 
 Bathurft, he firft put off the Biafs of his 
 puritanical Education, and became a . 
 ftrong Aflertor of the Church of England. 
 "Being entred into holy Orders, he cpn- 
 verfed chiefly about London, and having 
 no parochial Charge, compofed in a 
 Nobleman's Houfe, where .he was a 
 Chaplain, his Book which he entitles, 
 Tentamlna PhyJtco-Theologica de Deo, Jive 
 Tbeologla Scbolaftica, &c. which he pub- 
 liflied with an Epiftle Dedicatory to 
 Archbifhop Sheldon, and fo made himfelf 
 known to that great Pcrfon, who confer- 
 red (as is moft probable) all the former 
 Preferments upon him, which made 
 way for him (tho* his Patron was then 
 dead) to his Sec of Oxford. How he be- 
 haved himfelf in that Station, will be 
 no Credit to him, and therefore we mall 
 be the more fparing in our relating his 
 A&ions. King James IT. was then in his 
 full Career to bring about with all Speed 
 his Defign of fettling Popery in this 
 Kingdom, and this Bifhop (who was rai- 
 fed by him) did as much as he could to 
 make it fuccefsful. For whereas it was 
 thought absolutely ncceflary by the 
 Court (which was then the Popifli) Par- 
 ty, i. That the Tell-Aft fliould be re- 
 
 pealed, becaufe it kept Papifts out of 
 all Offices of Truft both Civil and Mili- 
 tary. And, a. That the Jefuits fliould 
 have one College at leatt in both the U- 
 niverfities, not only to fave the Char- 
 ges of the , Catholicks in fending their 
 Children beyond Sea for a learned E- 
 ducation, but to convert the Proteftant 
 Youth to the Carholick Church, as they 
 called it. This Bifhop promoted this 
 their Plan as much as poflible, i. By 
 writing a Book, which he calls, Reafons 
 for abrogating the Teft. 2. By taking 
 the King's Mandate for the Prefident- 
 iriip of Magdalen College, Oxford, where- 
 in, tho' againft the Confent or Approba- 
 tion of the Society, who had chofen Dr. 
 Hough their President, he was inftalled 
 by Force, and foon after took PofTeflion 
 of the Prefidentfliip, th.o' then in a 
 weakly Condition, and died foon after, 
 viz.- 20 Mar. i68 l . For thefe Things he 
 was at that Time looked upon general- 
 ly as popifhly affe&ed, and that not with- 
 out Caufe, if what was then published of 
 him be true, viz.. That he firft propofed 
 it in Council, that it was expedient, that 
 at Icaft one College in Oxford fliould be 
 allowed to the Catholicks, for the Edu- 
 cation of their Youth That he drank 
 
 the King's Health, wifliing an happy 
 
 Succefs to all his Affairs That the 
 
 Proteftants for the moft Part were nicer 
 Atheifts, gPr. He was undoubtedly a 
 learned and witty Man, as his Wri- 
 tings both ferious and comical do de- 
 clare ; but as to Religion he doth not 
 feem to regard what Principles he pro- 
 .fefled ; for as he was educated a Presby- 
 terian by his Parents, and was perfwaded 
 to be a Church-man when he was in 
 Trinity College, in which he fcemed 
 7.calous fo long as he got by it ; fo when 
 Popery came in Fafhion, and he was to 
 rife by it, tho' he did not openly da- 
 clare himfelf a Convert, yet he was fo 
 ferviceable to the Caufe, that ex^ery Bo- 
 dy fuppofed him prepared to embrace it 
 at a fit Seafon, and thus he rjicd, whe- 
 ther Proteftant or Papift, or neither, we 
 need not determine. He was buried in 
 the outward Chapel of Magdalen Col- 
 lege,
 
 O XFO R T> SHIR E. >- 7 
 
 lege, 24. M*r> and was fucceeded in his of his Obedience, by conferring on him 
 Prefidentfhip of the College by Bonaven- this Bifhoprick of Oxford, then void by 
 ture Gifford, * Sorborf Doftor, and Secular 
 Prieft Bifhop Eleft of Madaura, and in 
 this Bifhoprick by 
 
 Timothy Hall, Reftor 
 Staining, in Mark lane. 
 
 the Death of Dr. Samuel Parker , but 
 this A& of his Majcfty, in creating a 
 Perfon fo obfcure, and without any real 
 Merit, a Bifhop, did highly difguft the 
 chief Church-men, and increafed the 
 
 of All-Hallows 
 
 ^ London. The 
 
 Reafon'and Caufe of this Clergyman's general Difaffe&ion to his Majefty's Pro- 
 Preferment to this high Station, feems to ceedings. However, this Gemlcman was 
 be this : King James II. having, out of a confecratcd at Lambeth by the Archbi- 
 politick Defign to compafs his intended fhop of Canterbury, and the Biihops of CU- 
 Eftablifhment of Popery, put out his cbejler and Chefter, ^ Ottob. 1688 ; but 
 Declaration for a general Liberty of when he went down to his Diocefe to fee 
 Confcicnce for all Parties and Perfwa- and take Pofleflion of his Houfe at 
 fions in Religion, which he found very Cudefden, the Dean and Canons of Clrift- 
 
 acceptable to them, becaufe they had in 
 the late Reign of King Charles II. been 
 pretty feverely treated, not fo much 
 
 Church refufed to inftall him ; the Ge"n- 
 try of this City and Country to meet him; 
 the Vice-Chancellor and Heads to take 
 
 for their diflen ting from the Church, Notice of him; any Matter or Batchelor 
 
 as for their Plots and Confpiracies againft 
 the Government, (tho* they would have it 
 upon the Account of the former only) 
 
 to make any Application to him, or take 
 Orders from him ; Ib that when he was 
 at Oxford on Whitfuntide, Anno 1689, Bap- 
 
 ordered and enjoined that it fhould be t.'fta, Bifhop of Man, being there, per- 
 formed the Office of Ordination in Mag- 
 dalen College Chapel, and admitted 84 
 Perfons or more into the Miniftry ; the 
 Bifhop choofing rather to wave his own 
 Authority, than hinder the Church of 
 fo many Minifters. What Effeft this 
 general Contempt had upon him, can't 
 certainly be known ; but without Doubt 
 it made an anfwerable Impreflion, as we 
 may judge from his living ever after it 
 
 read and audibly publifhed in every Pa 
 rifh Church throughout the Kingdom, by 
 the Parfon, Vicar, or Curate thereof, 
 on Sunday the ioth and yth of May 
 1688, in all the Churches and Chapels 
 within the Cities of London and Wefi- 
 minjler, and ten Miles about them ; and 
 on 3 June, thro' the whole Kingdom, 
 commanding the Bifhops to difperfe 
 them accordingly. The Bifhops {hewed 
 
 a great Averfenefs to this Diftribution, obfcurely, and retreating from his Dio- 
 and feven of them petition'd his Majefty cefe to Hackney near London, where he 
 to be excufed from doing a Thing fo died 10 Apr, 1690, and was buried in the 
 contrary to the AQ: of Uniformity and Church there, 13 April, He hath 
 their Epifcopal Duty, but were impri- 
 foned for it as riotous, and the Decla- 
 ration was difperfed according to the 
 King's Order. The Clergy in general 
 thro the whole Kingdom received it un- 
 willingly, and in a Manner refolved not 
 to read it in their Churches, let the E- 
 vent be what it will ; yet ibme few in 
 mod Counties fearing the Lofs of their 
 Livings, or thinking themfelves obliged 
 to obey the King God fee over them, did 
 publifh it according to his Alajefty's In- 
 junftion, and among them this Mr. 
 Hall was one, that did it. His Majefty 
 ^thought fit to fliew his kind Acceptance 
 
 two 
 Sermons in Print. 
 
 J-obn Hough, D. D. and Matter of Mag- 
 dalen College, fucceeded him in his See. 
 He had rendered himfelf famous, by fo 
 ftoutly maintaining his Ele&ion to the 
 Prefidentfhip, when Kingjfames II. think- 
 ing to get that College into his Hands, 
 firft made one Mr. Farmer, and after- 
 ward Dr. Samuel Parker, then Bifhop of 
 Oxford, Prefident, againft the Commit- 
 fioners fcnt by King jFames, to put the 
 Bifhop in Pofleflion of the Headfhip ; 
 for he being elefted regularly, accord- 
 ing to the Statutes of the College, would 
 not give up 'the Keys of the President's 
 M m m Lodg-
 
 458 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Lodgings ; fo that the Commiffioners Dr. Hall he obtained 
 
 were forced to break open the Doors to 
 get Poffeflion, whereby he was difplaced 
 for a little Time; but upon the News of 
 the Prince of Orange's Coming to take on 
 him the Government, he was reftored by 
 the Bifhop of Wlnchefter, whom King 
 James had commifllon d to do it, and 
 Botiaventure Giffard above-mentioned, re- 
 moved. This Heroick Opposition re- 
 commended him fo much to the Favour 
 of King William, that upon the Death of 
 
 this See, ivhich 
 after him was conferred upon 
 
 William Talbot, Doftor of Divinity, 
 and Dean of Worcefler, who being remo- 
 ved to Salisbury about the Year 1714, he 
 was fucceeded in this See by 
 
 J-ohn Potter, D. D. and the King's 
 Profcffbr of Divinity in the Univerfity 
 of Oxford, who is ftill in Pofleffion of it, 
 Anno 1725, and adorns both his See and 
 Chair with all the Accomplishments of 
 Learning and Piety that can be required 
 in a Bifliop or Divine. 
 
 The Monafteries of this Shire before the Reformation. 
 
 OXford", in which were many Religions 
 Houfes, diftinguifhed by fome par- 
 ticular Ufes they were intended for, or 
 their Dedication to fome Saint, under 
 which Titles we (hall confidcr them, be- 
 ginning with the moll eminent as well as 
 the moft ancient, bearing the Name 
 of 
 
 St. Fridefwide, or St. Fridefivitfie, a Nun- 
 nery of the Order of St. Benediff, built by 
 Didan, a petty King of Oxford, (Subregu- 
 Ins, fays the Latin} for his Daughter, 
 the holy Virgin St. Fridefwide B Habita- 
 tion. He erefted the Church in it to 
 the Honour of St. Mary the Virgin, and 
 all Saints. Being finished, Fridefwide, 
 with twelve other Virgins, were put into 
 Poffeffion of it, to lead an holy and 
 chafte Life in it, which having done for 
 fome Years, fhe died on the fourteenth of 
 the Kalends of November, Anno 735, and 
 was buried in the faid Church. This 
 MonaSlery of Nuns flourished many 
 Years, and was ufeJ as a Sanhiary, 
 -which brought its DeStrufHon, upon it on 
 this Occafion. King Ethelred not being 
 able by Force to expel the Danes, who 
 living among his SubjeSs, opprcSTcd 
 f ; K-m with horrible Slavery and Exac- 
 Uoi?, contrived to root them out by a 
 
 Maflacre, appointing St. Brice's Day, 
 13 Nov. 1 002, for that bloody Work. 
 Oxford was as forward and fierce in the 
 Execution of this Cruelty, as any ; and 
 becaufe feveral Danes had fled into St. 
 Fridefwide' 's Church to fave their Lives, 
 the enraged People neither regarding 
 Place nor Perfon, fet it on Fire, and 
 burnt not only the Danes in it, but all the 
 coftly Ornaments and Library. King 
 Etbefred was himfelf in the City at the 
 fame Time, having fummoned his Parlia- 
 ment to meet there, and was much 
 grieved at the Devaluation ; but not being 
 able to prevent it, he rebuilt it foon af- 
 ter with feveral Additions, as appears 
 by his Charter dated Anno 1004, where- 
 in he mentions the Danifo Slaughter, and 
 the Nuns became repoiteffed of it, and 
 held it an hundred Years after. 
 
 In the Year 1 1 1 1, Roger Bifhop of Sa- 
 lisbury, removed the Nuns out of this 
 HouSe, and put into their Room a Pri- 
 or and Canons regular of St. Augujline t 
 to whom King Henry I. having given a 
 fair Eftate in Lands and Tithes, which 
 were confirmed to it by Pope Adrian, 
 made GuimuvdHs his Chaplain the firft 
 Prior. He began the Church that is 
 now ftanding, which was finished in his 
 
 and
 
 O XF R 2) SHIR E. 
 
 and his two next Succeflbrs Time, viz. 
 Robert de Cricklade, alias Canutus, who 
 was Chancellor of the Univerfuy of Ox- 
 ford, and Philip, in whofe Time there 
 was a Tranflation of the Reliques of St. 
 Fridefwide into the faid Church ; and to 
 beget the greater Veneration of them, 
 he wrote a Book of the Miracles of that 
 Saint. Many were the Benefaftors to 
 this Church, viz. Maud the Emprefs, 
 Mother of King Henry II. who befides 
 what Lands and Revenues fhe gave to it 
 her felf, confirmed to the Canons divers 
 other Lands and Churches given by Si- 
 mon de St. Liz, Earl of Huntington, who 
 gave them the Church of Pidington in 
 this County, Robert de Blanchmaines Earl 
 of Leicejler, who gave them the Lordfhip 
 of Edmeton, and divers others; Die alfo 
 granted them a Fair to be kept annually 
 upon their Demefne here. Mr. Stevens(out 
 of Mr. Willis's Hiftory of Mitred Abbots, 
 p. 283.) gives us a Catalogue of all the 
 Priors, N 28, from Guimundus to John 
 Burton, who refigned it to Cardinal Wol- 
 fey to make a College of; but becaufe it 
 contains little elfe but their bare Names, 
 we ihall omit it, and only mention fome 
 few Things that happened in the Time 
 of one or more of them, which may de- 
 ferve our Notice, viz while William de 
 Gloceftcr, or de Aldato was Prior, (and he 
 was the ninth) in a folemn Proceflion to 
 the Reliques of St. Frldefwide, wherein 
 the Vice-Chancellor and Scholars were 
 attended \vith all the Parochial Priefts 
 and Commonalty of the Town, a certain 
 Jew moved to it by his Brethren then 
 inhabiting the Town, fnarched the Crofs 
 out of the Hands of the Bearer, and in 
 Contempt of our Saviour threw it up- 
 on the Ground and trampled upon it : 
 This impious Affront being offered to 
 our Religion, while Prince Edward (af- 
 terwards King Edward I.) was in this 
 Town, he immediately guve Information 
 of it to the King his Father Henry III. 
 who forthwith fent his Writ to the She- 
 riff, commanding him to arreft and im- 
 prifon all the Jews here, and feize all 
 their perfonal and real Eftates, and keep 
 them for the King's Ufe, till they fhould 
 find Sureties f. r themfelves to undergo 
 
 this Punifliment. r. To erc& a Marble - 
 Crofs of an auguft Size, and perfect 
 Workmanfliip, to be fct up on one Side 
 of St. Mary's Church, with our Saviour 
 thereon, all gilt over. x. To prefent a 
 portable Crofs of Silver gilt, with a Staff 
 fitted to it (fuch as the Archbifhops had 
 born before them) to the Pro&ors to be 
 carried before the Matters and Scholars 
 at every folemn Proceflion, both which, 
 were, tho* with great Unwillingnefs, per- 
 formed. John de Lewksnesbovsre, the 
 twelfth Prior, was killed Anno 1284, in 
 a Tumult by a certain Clerk, John de 
 Derington. John 'Burton, the 28th and 
 laft Prior, after he had governed this 
 Monaftery about n Years, furrendred 
 it into the Hands of Cardinal Wolfey, 
 with an Intent to turn it into a College, 
 which was accordingly done, and named 
 Chrift-Church ; and upon his Refignation, 
 had a Salary of 20 Marks for Life fettled 
 on him ; after which he retired to Ofti'y 
 Abbey, and in a few Years became the 
 Abbot of it, which Place he held 7 Years, 
 and died in 1531. 
 
 This Priory of St, Fndef<wide being thus 
 conveyed to Cardinal Wolfey, he began die 
 Foundation without Delay ; and that he 
 might fufficiently endow it when built, 
 he obtained of Pope Clement VII. a Bull, 
 giving him Power to fupprefs and extin- 
 guifli 22 (Mr. Speed fays 40) Monafteries 
 of fmaller Value bearing Date 1524. 
 This College the Cardinal ordained to be 
 a perpetual Nurfcry of Learning in the 
 Faculties of Divinity, Civil and Canon 
 Law, Humanity and Phyfick, and for 
 the perpetual Obfervance of God s Wor- 
 fhip, for one Dean and 60 Secular Ca- 
 nons, to be incrcafed or diminiflied ac- 
 cording to the Greatnefs or Smallnefs of 
 the Revenues ; but he nc\ r er faw more 
 than 30 of thefe later fettled in it ; 
 for when the Cardinal, 5 Years after he 
 began this Foundation, had incurred a 
 Prcmunire, and fo fell under Kinp Hen- 
 ry Vlllth's Difpleafure, his College fell 
 with him, and all his other Eftate, info 
 the King's Hands, not being by any Law 
 fettled and eftablifhed. This happened 
 1530. 
 
 M m m z 
 
 About
 
 '466 OXFOR 
 
 About the Year 1532, King Henry , who 
 had before much approved and encou- 
 raged the Cardinal's ProjeQ:, thinking it 
 Pity, that fo good a Defign as the Cardi- 
 nal had began fhould come to nothing, 
 refolvcd tocompleat the Cardinal's Foun- 
 dation in fome Meafure ; and having 
 finifhed the Buildings, which he erefted 
 to the Honour of the holy and undivided 
 Trinity, the blefled Virgin JMary y and St. 
 Fridefwide, ordained one Dean and twelve 
 Secular Canons, to be a full Chapter and 
 Body corporate. This Foundation con- 
 tinued fomething better than thirteen 
 Years, and then the King altering his 
 Mind, tranflatcd this See of Oxford, 
 which he had abcut n Years before fixed 
 at Ofney Abbey, to this his own College 
 of St. Fridefwide^ and fettled therein a 
 Dean, eight Prebendaries, and eight 
 Chaplains, an Organift, eight finging 
 Men, and eight Chorifters, and twenty- 
 four Alms-men, in an Hofpital adjoining 
 as the Cardinal had began ; appointing 
 Glocefter College for the Bifhop's Palace, 
 giving it then the Name and Title of 
 
 The Cathedral Church of Chrijl in O.v- 
 fard t of King Henry VHIth's Foundation. 
 The firft Biihop of this See thus eftablifh- 
 ed was Dr. Robert King, of whom, and 
 his Succeflbrs to this Time, we have juft 
 . now given a brief Relation. Having thus 
 treated of the Monaftery of St. Fridef- 
 vvidej and Chewed how it paffed into a 
 College, and fo into a Cathedral, we 
 think it proper to add a larger Hiftory 
 cf fome Colleges, which tho' fo called, 
 were monaftical, as we have intimated 
 in fpeaking of them before, viz.. 
 
 j Gtocejler College. 2. Durham College. 
 5. Canterbury College. 
 
 T Ghcejler College or Hall, was fo cal- 
 led, from Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloce- 
 thr^ who built it, and had his Habitation 
 in it. In After times it belonged to the 
 Kjiiphts Hofpitalers of St. Join of Jeru- 
 i) from whom it was named 
 
 <D SH IRE. 
 
 ter's in Glocejter, who inftituted it a Nur- 
 fery and Manfion-place for the Monks of 
 Glocefter, who, exercifing themfelve* 
 there in Philofophica.1 and Theological 
 Learning, took their Degrees as other 
 Academians did. This Advantage whenr 
 the other BenedittineMonnRcries obferved, 
 they petitioned the Abbot and Convent 
 of St. Peter's at Gloccfter, to permit an 
 Enlargement of their Buildings for the 
 Entertainments of their Novices, which 
 being granted, and Ground obtained of 
 John Giffard the Founder, there were 
 Lodgings added for the young Monks 
 of Glajlonbury, St. Allans, Coventry, St. 
 Edmondsbury, JVlalmsbury, Norwich^ &c. 
 But tho' this College was inhabited by the 
 Monks only of the faid feveral Abbies> 
 yet they had but one Prior, who, from, 
 the firft Foundation, was chofen by the 
 Founder and his Heirs ; but afterwards 
 was elefted by the Vogue of the Monks, 
 which fometimcs caufed fcandalous Con- 
 tentions among them ; to reftrain which, 
 there was a Decree made at a general 
 Chapter, that whoever caufed any Di- 
 fturbances at their Elections, fhould be 
 firft degraded, and then excommunica- 
 ted. The Monks of this Houfe were 
 kept under fevere Difcipline, /. That 
 they ihould not fo much as converfe 
 with any Seculars; that they fhould not 
 be abfent from divine Service, efpecially 
 on Feftival Days ; that they fhould have 
 Divinity Difputations once a Week ;. 
 that they fhould preach often, that they 
 might be the better qualified to preach 
 in their Monafteries, when called home 
 to them, and that as well in Latin as 
 Eng!ljb, &C. This regular Difcipline 
 produced many great Men of their Or- 
 der, as Hugh Legate, who wrote Com- 
 mentaries upon Boetius de Confolatione, Qpc. 
 John Laxgden, an able Hiftorian, and Bi- 
 fhop of Rochejler in Hen. Vth's Time ; 
 Thomas Walf.ngham, the Author of Hypo- 
 deigma. Newjlria ', Thomas Winchecombe, 
 who wrote the Antiquities of Evefoam 
 Abbey; Thomas Milling, an able Grecian* 
 
 Hall. John Giffard, Baron of Brimsfeld Bifhop of Hereford ; Anthory Richer, alias 
 in Gbcejicrfiire, bought it of them, and Dunjlan, Bifhop of Landaff^ &c. In this 
 conveyed ic to Reginald, Abbot of St. Pe- State this College continued till the 
 
 Sup- 

 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 461 
 
 Suppreflion, when they being valued at the Snppreffion the King gave the Site of 
 
 _: ^ College, and all the Lands belonging 
 
 to it, to the Dean and Chapter of Dur- 
 
 no more than i /. 6s. 8 d. it was given 
 by King Henry VIII. to John Glyn and 
 
 Jdhn James, his Valet de Guard ; but the ham, but the College it felf was poflefled 
 
 fame King ere&ing a Bilhop's See in by a few Scholars, who lived under the 
 
 Oxford, took it from them, and allotted Government of Dr. Wright, as their Pre- 
 
 it to the Bifhop for his Palace, and Bi- feft, but none regarding the Building, 
 
 fhop King redded in it during his Life; it run to Ruin very much. Whereupon 
 
 but after his Death the See being vacant Sir Thomas Pope, Km. having obtained 
 
 fome Years, and the College much run it of Queen Mary, repaired and endowed 
 
 to Ruin, it was fold to Sir Thomas JVhite t it to be a College of Students in Philo- 
 
 who annexed it to St. John Baptift's Col- fophy and Divinity, giving it the Name 
 
 Icge, founded by him by the Name of O f Trinity College, by which it is at this 
 
 Glocefter-ball, of which fee more among Day known. 
 
 the Colleges above. 3- Canterbury College erefted by Simon 
 2. Durham College, built by Richard JJl' t p t Archbifhop of Canterbury, who by 
 de Hoton, Prior of Durham, Anno 1289, his Charter dated at Magfeld, 12, Apr* 
 in the City of Oxford, for an Habitation 1363, appointed this College to be part- 
 for certain Monks to be fent up and ly a Nurfery and Supply for the Mona- 
 maintained by the Prior and Convent of ftery of ChriJl-Church in Canterbury, pla- 
 Dufham, as thofe of Glocejler College a- cing in it iz Scholars, 4 of them Reli- 
 foreoing were by the Priory of St. Pe- gious, and 8 Seculars, to be all of them 
 ter at Glocefter to be trained up there in chofen out of the Monks of Ckrift-Ckurcb 
 Grammar, Philofophy and Divinity. A- by himfelf while he lived, and-after his 
 bout fixty Years alter the Foundation of Deceafe by his Succeflbrs in the Sue of 
 this College, Thomas Hatfeld, Bifhop of Canterbury ; and to be always converfant 
 Durham, feeing the great Benefit of this in Scholaftick Ats ; and for their Main- 
 College' to the Monaftery in particular, tenance he allotted and appropriated to 
 and the Church in general, gave to this them the Church of Pagham in the Dio- 
 College an Endowment of ten Pounds cefe of Chichejler, with the Chapels and 
 per Ann. a-piece to eight Monks, to be Granges thereunto belonging, (as alfo 
 chofen out of and fent thither from the the Church of Magfeld, as fome fay, 
 Monaftery of Durham, and five Marks a- but we have no Certainty of this) upon 
 piece per Ann. to feven Children, (which Condition that the Scholars fo put in, 
 were before his Death, or loon after fhould ftudy Logick and the Civil Law. 
 made eight) which he calls in his Deed After the Deceafe of Archbifliop IJlip, 
 
 _O *~1 "I I , *-! f _/"*_ 11 _ 1 
 
 of Settlement SchoUres SecuJares, whom 
 he would have to ttudy Grammar and 
 
 Simon Langham fucceeded, to whom the 
 Patronage of this College belonged, and 
 
 Philofophy, to be chofen four out of being zealous for the monaftick Life, 
 
 Durham, and four out of Yorkfoire, the Se- laboured to turn the Seculars out of it, 
 
 nior Monk to be Citflos, or Prior, and the and place only Monks in it. The Guar- 
 
 whole Ccetus to pray upon the principal dian and Scholars of the College ftoutly 
 
 Feafts, for King Edward III. and Phi- oppofed hisDe/ign; but the Con trover fy 
 
 lippa his Queen ; as alfo for the Founder, being carried to Rome, it was detcrmin- 
 
 his Father, Mother, Brother and Sifters ed againft the Collegians, and fo the 
 
 Souls to keep the Anniverfary of his Seculars were all ejefted, among whom 
 
 Death, &c. Kins, Richard II. was a great John Wickliffe (who was cooftituted the 
 
 Benefactor to this College, and divers Warden by the Founder) was one. The 
 
 others gave certain Parcels of Lands, Popiili Writers fay, that it was this U- 
 
 &>c. fo that at the DifTolution it was up- fage of Wicklijfe that provoked him, 
 
 on 'a ftrift Survey certified to be worth merely out of Revenge to fly out fo bitr 
 
 in yearly Rents izz/. 13*. 7 </ After terly againft the Hierarchy and Doc- 
 
 S trincs
 
 XFO R > SHIR E. 
 
 trinesof the Romijh Church, which, if arrive in England till the Year 1124. 
 
 true, no Man but muft fay, if he confi- The Monks of Fifcamp were at the Charge 
 * " ' -*r s of their Tranfportation, and the Names 
 
 of the Friars tranfported were AgneUus^ 
 made Provincial Minifter by St. Francis 
 himfelf, Richard Inglewurde, or Ingleivorth t 
 Richard of Devonshire, an Ettglijhman, and 
 Acdyth, William of Effeby an Englijhman, 
 
 ders his Zeal and Conftancy in aflerting 
 And maintaining thefe Doftrines, that 
 had he kept his ^Place, and not taught 
 the fame, he had thereby been bribed to 
 conceal the Truth. Towards the End 
 of the fame Century, William Courtney, 
 
 Archbifliop of Canterbury, added five more but a Novice. Thefe were of the Cler- 
 
 *i * i _ . t >- ti . 1 f. _ . TT r ^ r .^ . * - 
 
 Scholars to this College, three to be 
 maintained by the Archbifhop for the 
 Time being, and two by the Prior and 
 Chapter of Canterbury, all of them to 
 ftudy firft Grammar, then Logick or 
 Sophiftry, and then Divinity, except 
 
 gy, Henry de Cerrttfe, or Cervife, a Longo- 
 bard, Lawrence de Behaco, William of 
 Florence, Brother Meliorates, and Jamet 
 Ultramontanus, Lay-Brethren. They had 
 their firft Settlement at Canterbury, thro* 
 the Favour and Afliftance of Simon Lane- 
 
 v/ho might ftudy Civil or Canon ton, Archdeacon of Canterbury, and the 
 
 Lady Inclufa of Bagynton, from whence 
 they went to London, and in a few Years 
 got into all the chief Cities and Towns of 
 
 out of the Monks'^ of Canterbury, who the Nation. Richard of Ingivorth, and 
 were to nominate the laft five ; they had Richard of Devon, were fent to Oxford^o 
 
 bring in their Order there ; and being 
 kindly entertained by the Dominicans in 
 the Jewry for fome Days, they hired an 
 Houfe in the Parifh of St. Ebbe, where 
 they lived without a Chantry till the 
 next Summer, and publickly preaching 
 theGofpel, in a fliort Time gained fo 
 much of the People's Favour, as to ob- 
 tain fevcral fmall Spots of Ground ad- 
 joining to their Dwelling ; and the Houfe 
 they hired was given them. Agnellus 
 himfelf hearing of this Succefs of his 
 Miflionaries, came himfelf to Oxford, up- 
 on which the Number of the Brethren 
 fo increafed, that there was a Neceflity 
 that they mould enlarge their Habita- 
 tion. When their Purpofe was known, 
 they wanted not the Benevolence of ma- 
 ny wealthy Perfons, who either had a&u- 
 ally er.tred into their Order, or were 
 great Favourers of it, as Rodotyhus Adaid- 
 Jton, Bifhop of Hcrcfcrd, John Rading t 
 Abbot of Ofney, the Abbot of Abingdcn t 
 and many others, of \vhom fome with 
 wonderful Humility lubmitted thcmfelves 
 to carry Stones and Mortar ; fo that in a 
 
 Law, and at the End of 7 Years leave 
 the College. The Statutes of this Col- 
 lege were, The Cuflos was to be chofen 
 
 a common Seal, and a Cheft to put their 
 Income in ; they were to eat at one 
 Table ; not to ftay out late at Night; 
 pray for the Souls of their Founder and 
 all their Benefa&ors, Qfc. We have as 
 full a Catalogue of the Cujlodes of this 
 College as any, but it is nothing but 
 Names, and therefore we fhall not trou- 
 ble the Reader with it. The Revenue 
 of this College at the Founder's Death, 
 was found to be 68 /. 8j. 6 d. whether a- 
 ny Thing were given to it afterwards, 
 we can't find ; but obierve, that the laft 
 Cujlos, when he took his Degree in Divi- 
 nity, pleading Poverty, had half the 
 Fees forgiven him. After the Diflblu- 
 tion, the whole Houfe and Site became a 
 Member of Chrijt- Church, and being now 
 almoft rtanding, is called Canterbury Qua- 
 drangle. 
 
 Frandfcans, Friars Minors, or Grey 
 Friars, an Order of Friars, which derive 
 their Name from St. Francis, who efta- 
 blimed it with the Approbation of Pope 
 Jnnocent III. Anno 1209, fignified to him 
 viva vo:e, who gave a Commin'ion to 
 
 AoneUus of Pifa, to go into England, and little Time they had gotten a Dwelling 
 there perform the Office of the Miniftry large enough for the Multitude of their 
 in 1219; in Obedience to which Order, Hearers and Followers. Their Houfe 
 AfnellKs for out with 8 Companions, but being finished, they applied themfelves 
 .being detained a while at Paris, tlid not to King Henry III. Agnellus t who was in 
 
 great
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 great Favour with the King, being with 
 them, and obtained of him, Reg. 10, that 
 for the greater Quiet and Security of 
 their Habitation, they might inclofe the 
 Street that lies along the Wall of the 
 Town, from the Water-gate to the little 
 Poftern, with a Wall and Battlements, 
 &>c. and not long after, viz. Anno 1244, 
 the King made over to them an Ifland in, 
 the River, lying Weft of the Domini- 
 cans Ifland, and feparated from it by the 
 Stream called Trill, or Trilmill ; but 
 thefe Friar* not being yet fatisfied with 
 their Seats, tho" very fpacious, further 
 obtained the Houfe of the Friars of Pe- 
 tiance, then juft difperfed and depofed, 
 which much enlarged their Territories. 
 Agnellus built them a School in their firft 
 Habitation, and perfwaded Mr. Robert 
 Grofteft to read in it, and to him a great 
 Number of Hearers reforted. The Fri- 
 ars were much improved by his Learning 
 and Inftru&ion in their Preaching and 
 Difputing. Roger Wifenbam and Thomas 
 Walienfs fucceeded him, in whofe Time 
 their Numbers increasing, and being 
 removed to their new Man/ion, their 
 School was d-ivided into one for Philofo- 
 phy, and another for Divinity, in which 
 many famous Men commenced in Arts, 
 and fome Do&ors in Divinity, of whom 
 Mr. Stevens gives us a Catalogue of near 
 80, famous for their Learning and Wri- 
 tings. They had two Libraries in the 
 fame Houfe, one called the Convent Li- 
 brary, which was open to Graduates on- 
 ly ; the other the Schools Library, which 
 was open to the Secular Scholars who li- 
 ved with the Friars for the fake of 
 Learning. 'Tis thought Robert Grojtejl 
 built them ; for at his Death he gave 
 them all his Books. Thefe Libraries 
 were filled with all Sorts of learned 
 Books, becaufe thefe Friars, above all 
 the other Orders, ufed the utmoft Dili- 
 gence to procure the Monuments of Li- 
 terature from all Parts. They bought 
 many Hebrew Books of the Jews, when 
 they were difturbed in England, and to 
 the utmoft of their Power, purchafed 
 every Thing of fingular Learning that 
 could any Ways be had. In later Times 
 
 they declined much from their StriS- 
 nefs of Life, and Profecution of Learn- 
 ing, and fold many of their Books in 
 1433, which being bought by Dr. Tho- 
 mas Gafcoipne, were by him given to the 
 Libraries of Lincoln, Durham, BaTtol and 
 Oriel Colleges, and other Perfons ;.fo that 
 at length their Library came to little or 
 nothing. The Church of thefe Friars 
 was very fmall at firft, and fcarcely de- 
 ferved a better Name than a Chapel ; 
 but being beautified and enlarged by 
 Richard, King of the Romans, and his 
 Lady Beatrix, it was become an hand- 
 fome Church, as it continued, till the 
 Diflblution of the Monalteries, when it 
 was almoft laid level with the Ground. 
 Very many Perfons of the greateft Note 
 were buried in it, as the aforcfaid Bea- 
 trix, Queen of the Romans, and by her 
 the Heart of her Husband, the King of 
 the Romans, William and John Gala fay s t 
 Knts. and many others, both Clergy 
 and Laity. In this Church were kept the 
 Afts of the Friars that commenced in a- 
 ny Art ; very many Marble Tomb-ftones 
 were fcatter'd up and down it, and Mul- 
 titudes reforted to it from all Parts to 
 Agnellus's Tomb, becaufe of the many 
 Miracles faid to be wrought at it ; and to 
 hear their Confeffions, there were eight 
 Friars appointed by the Biihop. Thefe 
 Monks had many Benefa&ors, but not 
 knowing their Gifcs, we can't particuiai- 
 ly fet down their Revenue at the DiiTo- 
 lution, which happened 31 Hew. VIII. 
 1539. Edward Baskervyle being then 
 Guardian ; the Monaftery and all its 
 Appurtenances were at firft let out to 
 certain Citizens of Oxford, till the King 
 fold all to Richard Andrews and Jobn Hows, 
 from whom Richard Gunter bought them, 
 who cut down all the Trees, demoliflied 
 the Church, and fuffered the Images 
 and Monuments of great Value to be 
 ruined and thrown about. Alexander 
 Hales, Roger Bacon, Richard Middleton and 
 Haymo were of this Monaftery. 
 
 Crouched Friars, or Friars of the Order 
 of the Holy Crofs, (or, as they arc com- 
 monly called) St. Crofs. Thefe religious 
 Alen, who are fnppofcd to come into
 
 464 OXFORD 
 
 England in the Ralgn of King Edward I. 
 or fomewhat before, fettled in this Town 
 about the Beginning of the Time of 
 King Edward II. dwelling in an Houfe 
 anciently called Broadgate-Tenement, or 
 not far from thence, given them by Ri- 
 chard Gary, an eminent Citizen, who had 
 feveral Times been Mayor of Oxford, be- 
 ing in Grandpont-Jlreet, and in St. Michael's 
 Parifh. near South-gate. Afterward in the 
 Year 1348, they began to build themfelves 
 an Houfc and Chapel near the Church of 
 St. Peter in the Eaft, towards the Com- 
 pleating of which, it appears that John 
 Fitzwalter of Milton, Perfumer, of Ox- 
 ford, contributed 40 Bufliels of Wheat in 
 the Year 1349. But thefe Friers ere&ing 
 thofe Buildings without having firft pro- 
 cured a Licenfe of the Diocefan, the 
 Bifhop of Lincoln, or of the Warden 
 and Scholars of Merton College, who 
 had the Patronage of the aforefaid 
 Church of St. Peter, before they had 
 brought their Defign to any Perfe&ion, 
 they" received a Prohibition from the 
 Bifhop of Lincoln and Merton College to 
 go on any farther in their Work ; 
 whereupon feveral Law Suits were com- 
 menced by both the Parties ; but at 
 length they came to an Agreement, that 
 the Friars fhould go on and finifh. their 
 Buildings, upon thefe Considerations and 
 Compofitions drawn up between them and 
 Merton College : i. That for the Plot of 
 Ground on which they were building, 
 they fhould pay a Mark yearly for 
 Tithes to the Church of St. Peter, be- 
 longing to their College. 2. That they 
 fhould pray daily in their Oratory for 
 the Founder, Warden and Scholars of 
 .Merton College, and fliould not celebrate 
 Divine Service in their faid Oratory 
 with a loud Voice, when theParifhioners 
 are at high Mafs in the Parifh Church, 
 excepting on the two Feaft-Days of*?/. 
 Crofs, viz. 3 May, and 14 Sept. 3. That 
 they fliould not hear ConfelTions, nor bu- 
 ry any of the Parifhioners in their Cha- 
 pel, without the Leave of the Vicar of 
 St. Peter, or Warden of Merton, nor do 
 any Tiling to the Prejudice of the Mo- 
 ther-Church, upon the Penalty of pay- 
 
 SHIR 
 
 three-fold 
 
 E. 
 
 ing three-told to the Vicar. Having 
 fubmitted to thefe Conditions, the Fri- 
 ars wcrt on and finifhcd their Work, 
 buildup an Houfe and Chapel con- 
 venient enough to entertain all the 
 Brethren of that Order, that fhould hap- 
 pen to refort to Oxford to acquire Learn- 
 ing. How long this Order remained at 
 Oxford after this, is not known ; but we 
 have Evidence from the laft Wills and 
 Teftaments of divers Benefa&ors, that 
 they had Legacies given them by the 
 Citizens of Oxford many Years after, but 
 to what Value i^ not recorded. 
 
 Carmelite, or White Friars, fo called 
 from Mount Carmel, where they lived at 
 firft in great Solitude and Retirement in 
 Syria, were firft brought into England by 
 Richard Grey and J-ohn Vefey, two Knights, 
 and great Commanders of the Englijb 
 Forces againft the Saracens in the Holy 
 Land. They, by the Affiftance of the 
 faid Knights, obtained a Residence at 
 Aylesford in Kent, and Holney near Aln- 
 ivick in Northumberland ; but not content- 
 ed with their Dwelling there, and afpi- 
 ring to Learning, they much coveted to 
 have Houfes in Oxford and Cambridge, for 
 the Improving of their young Friars in 
 Philosophy and Divinity. To make way 
 for this their Defign, they much fre- 
 quented the Universities, and took their 
 Degrees regularly, till at length at the 
 Rcqueft of Henry Hanne, Provincial of 
 their Order, they obtained an Habitation 
 in Stockivell-Jlreet, in the Suburbs of Ox- 
 ford, Anno 1254, of Nicholas Meulet, who 
 had been formerly a Conftable of the 
 Caftle of Oxford, and was then a Baron 
 in Somerfet foire. This Houfe was fituate 
 in the Ground, where now Part of 
 Glocejler-hall ftands. Having thus obtain- 
 ed a Settlement, they fet their Minds 
 upon the Enlargement of the Buildings, 
 with a Chapel, and other Convenien- 
 cies, for which having obtained Lands 
 of Nicholas Stockwell, a wealthy and pru- 
 dent Citizen, and one who much admi- 
 red the San&xty of their Order; and a 
 Licenfe from the Diocefan and Abbot of 
 Ofney, in whofe Parifh their Ground lay ; 
 they enlarged and beautified their Build- 
 
 ngs
 
 O XFO R T> SHIR E, 
 
 4*5 
 
 ings more than was neceflary, adding the with all its Appertinences was let for 3 A 
 
 Delights of Gardens, Walks, Grafs-plots, 4 j. fer Ann. till King Henry VIII. Reg. 
 
 and other Pleafures, neither fit for Se- 33. made them all over to Edmund Powell 
 
 culars nor Monks, whofe Thoughts of Sandford in this Shire, in Exchange 
 
 ihould be more heavenly. Here they for fome Farms at Windfor, who fold the 
 
 dwelt about 60 Years, till King Edward Materials, and of fome of them the Li- 
 
 II. by the Means of one Robert Bajlon, a brary of St. John's College in this Uni- 
 
 Carmelite, and a celebrated Poet of his verfity is built; and fo a noble Palace is 
 
 Time, gave them his Palace called come to nothing, not fo much as the 
 Beaumont, near Stockwell-Jlreet, where they 
 
 continued till their Dilfolution ; but to 
 fecure themfelves the quiet and perpe- 
 tual Pofleffion of their Royal Manfion, 
 they obtained of Pope John a Bull, rati- 
 fying the Donation of King Edward, 
 and empowering them to depart from 
 their old Houfc, and fell or exchange it 
 for Lands, or other Things beneficial to 
 their Society ; yet they enjoyed it not fo 
 fully, but that the Kings of England, as 
 often as they came to Oxford, took up 
 their Lodgings there, yea, as Mr. Rous 
 fays, Henry VI. lived in it as in his own 
 Palace. Here they lived in great Pro- 
 fperity, and by hearing Confeflions, 
 
 Ruins remaining. 
 
 Dominican i Preaching, or Black Friars. 
 Thcfe Friars came into England in IZZTI, 
 and proceeded from Canterbury to Lon- 
 don, and from thence to this Town, 
 where they arrived upon the Aflumption 
 of the Virgin Mary, 1 5 Aug. in Honour 
 of whom they had an Oratory, and built 
 Schools in St. Edward' & Parifli, where 
 they continued a while; but finding 
 their Dwelling there inconvenient, they 
 applied themfelves to the Heads of the 
 Univerfity and Canons of St. Fridefaide 
 and Ofney, and being acceptable to them 
 all for their Learning and Piety, obtain- 
 ed a Place in the Jewry, in Hopes that 
 
 (tho' forbidden to them by the Arch- the J*:^. by their Preaching and holy 
 
 / . t v.l.. 1 * 1 ^ 1 1 t/^^- 
 
 bifliop of Canterbury} they grew popular, 
 and advanced themfelves to great Riches. 
 Jn this their new Habitation they bui^t 
 themfelves two Schools, the one for 
 Philofophy, and the other for Divinity, 
 from which many Men of fingular Learn- 
 ing proceeded, as J-obn and Robert Wal- 
 
 Lives, might be converted to the Chri- 
 ftian Faith. Several Benefa&brs encou- 
 raged their Settlement here, as Elizabeth 
 Bulbeck, Countefs of Oxford, who gave 
 them a Court- yard ; and Stephen Male- 
 derke, Bimop of Carlijle, gave them an- 
 other Parcel of Lands, and two MiJls, 
 
 fingham, John Baccntborp, and nuny o- the Canons .of St. Erukfarde let them alfo 
 
 thers. They had a large Library, con- 
 taining more efpecially the Books writ- 
 ten by the learned Men of their own 
 Order, which were well kept, but what 
 became of them at the Difiblution* is not 
 known, but 'tis probable might be given 
 to fome College. The Church was fpa- 
 cious, and well adorned ; in the Steeple 
 was a good Ring of Beils, and on the 
 Floor and Walls many rich Monuments 
 for Perfons famous for their Birth and 
 
 feveral Lands with fome Tenements, at 
 a low Rate, and they obtained a School 
 adjoining to their Manfion ; but neither 
 was this towelling fufficient to contain 
 the great Refort of Scholars to them ; 
 whereupon King Henry III. having 
 granted them, about the Year 12.59, an 
 Ifland in the River in the South Suburbs, 
 moft delightful for Situation ; they re- 
 moved thither, when they had dwelt 
 40 Years in the Jewry, or thereabouts. 
 
 Learning, as Tbcpias Peverall, Biihop of Here they built themfelves a beautiful 
 
 Worcefter, who died Aug. 1417, John 
 Twinning, Abbot of Wincbcomb, who di- 
 ed in 1488, Qpc. They had many Be- 
 nefa&ors ; but what their Revenue was 
 at the Suppreflion, we can't learn ; but 
 
 Habitation with the Money they had got- 
 ten by the Sale of their Houfe and Lands 
 in the Jewry, and Contributions of gene- 
 rous Perfons, among whom was King 
 Edward I. who gave them, Reg. 31. a,n 
 
 not long after we obferve, tlut the Houfe hundred Foot fquare every way, of his 
 
 N n n Q_uarry
 
 Quarry, in the Parilh of Wheatly near 
 Ox'ord, called Chalgrave. King Edward 
 1IL &. 41. further enriched thefe Fri- 
 ars, with a fmall Farm lying clofe to their 
 Houfe, and very commodious for en- 
 larging and fecuring it. They had 
 Schools when they liyed in the Jewry, 
 but much larg-er in the Ifland, both for 
 Divinity and Philofophy; and many of 
 their Friars became famous for their 
 Knowledge in both Faculties ; as Robert 
 Kilwarby, Archbifhop of Canterbury, and 
 Cardinal of Ojlia, who condescended to 
 be Moderator at the publick Aft, Anno 
 1273; Nicholas Trivet, Robert Holcot, Di- 
 vinity Profeflbr at Oxford ", Thomas Ring- 
 flead, Bifhop of Bangor, &c. The Church 
 of this Monaftery was dedicated to St. 
 Nicholas, and had many Perfons of Note 
 interred in it, as Elizabeth Countefs of 
 Oxford, and Walter Malclerke, Bifliop of 
 Carlijle, brought from their Oratory in 
 the Jewry to this Church ; Pierfe Gxvejlon y 
 Earl of Cornwall ; Stephen Wale, Bifhop 
 of Meath, &c. They had many Bene- 
 fa&ors, who gave them Lands and Mef- 
 fnages, and fome annual Penfions, as 
 4o/. from Durham College, and 50 Marks 
 from the King, but at Will only; what 
 their Revenues together amounted to, 
 none of our Hiftorians mention. The 
 Monaftery with all its Appertinences, 
 with 3 Acres of inclofed Ground, a Alef- 
 fuage adjoining to the Gates, and a 
 Grove, with the neighbouring Seat of 
 the Grey Friars, were fold by the King, 
 51 Hen. VIII. to Rifhard Andrews and 
 John How, for 1094 Pounds ; but they 
 foon fold them again to William Freere 
 and Agnes his Wife, of Oxford, who 
 thinking it for their Intereft, pulled 
 down the Church and Monaftery, and 
 fold the Lead, Bells, Stones, Glafs, &>c. 
 at a low Rate, and kept the Land. The 
 Names of the Priors are in Mr. Stephans, 
 
 $ 2. 207. 
 
 Sr. Mary* College of regular Canons 
 of Augitjlin, was built for a Receptacle 
 or ftr-dying Place of the faid Canons, out 
 of the feveral Abbies of that Order in 
 England. Thefe Canons had obtained 
 from the fingular Devotion of King 
 
 Henry V. another Place under his Signet ; 
 but that King dying fuddenly, and his 
 Will never being fully performed, they 
 were fruftrated of their Defign, and their 
 Bufinefs came to naught; but upon the 
 Acccflion of King Henry VI. his Son, 
 they refolved upon a fecond Attempt to 
 procure a Nurfery for the young Ca- 
 nons of their Order, to be educated in 
 Univerfify Learning; and to that End, 
 feveral of the Abbots and Priors of the 
 chief Monafteries of their Order, in the 
 Name of all the reft, did unanimoufly 
 confent and agree to petition King Hen- 
 ry, that the Work intended by his Fa- 
 ther might go on ; wherefore the faid 
 King by his Letters Patents dated 24 
 Decemb. Reg. 14. Anno 1435, gave Leave 
 to Thomas Holden, Efq; and Elizabeth his 
 Wife, (whom thefe Canons had predif- 
 poled) to give and aflign to the Prior 
 of the Holy Trinity in London; and his 
 Succeflors for ever, in the Name of the 
 whole Order, one Mefliiage, with the 
 Gardens thereunto belonging, in the Pa- 
 rimes of St. Peter and St. Michael, with- 
 in the Walls of Oxford, &c. which the 
 faid Thomas and Elizabeth held of the 
 King. ^ The Canons having thus obtain- 
 ed this Houfe, did, in future Times, 
 much enlarge it with Buildings, (many 
 of which are yet ftanding) and the pi- 
 ous Founder laid the Foundation of a 
 Chapel, intending to build a Library 
 over it, but he died before it was fi- 
 nifhcd. Anno 1440, yet left Money to 
 6nifh it, with Veftments for the Prieft 
 that fhould officiate in it, Ornaments 
 for the Chapel, and 20 /. to buy Books 
 for the Library. The Revenues of this 
 College were little, if any at all ; for the 
 Canons of it were maintained by thole 
 of the great Abbies of their Order that 
 put them into it, and fcnt them to ob- 
 tain Academical Learning, in which, 
 as foon as they had taken their Degrees, 
 they called them home to teach their 
 Fellows, and others were fent in their 
 Places. 
 
 Befides Regulars, there were alfo in 
 this College Seculars, called Commoners 
 or Batlers, both which were governed 
 
 by
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 by a Prior, who ruled himfelf and them, 
 according to the Statutes made at North- 
 ampton, by a Convocation of their Or- 
 der in 1446, and publifhed in this Col- 
 lege two Years after, under the Abbot 
 of Ofney's Seal. They feem to have been 
 extracted out of the Statutes of our an- 
 cient Colleges, as to their Chapel and 
 Hall Duties. The Chapel and College 
 were dedicated to the Virgin Mary, and 
 in the former were depofited the Bodies 
 of the Founder and his Wife. After the 
 Diflblution, the Chapel and Buildings 
 were feiied by the Corporation of Ox- 
 ford, and being let out fell into great 
 Decay ; and at length the Chapel, which 
 was built with Free-ftone, was given to 
 Srazen-nofe Bollege to lay the Foundation 
 of their Chapel, and fo was quite de- 
 molilhed. When Erafmus was at this 
 Univerfity, Anno 1497 and 1498, he had 
 his Abode in this College, as appears 
 from his Epiftles to Sextimus and Mont- 
 joyus. Robert Ferrar alfo, Bifhop of St. 
 David's, in King Edward Vlth's Reign, 
 and martyred in Queen Mary's, was a 
 Regular Canon of this College. 
 
 St. George's, a Collegiate Church, built 
 by Robert D'Oyly, who came into England 
 with William the Conqueror, with the 
 Help of Roger de Ivery his Brother, and 
 by their Agreement confccratcd to the 
 Memory of St. George. He placed in it 
 fecular Canons, or a Dean and Preben- 
 dary, as moft proper and agreeable to a 
 Univerfity, and endowed it with Lands, 
 Tithes, and other Revenues out of fe- 
 veral of their Baronies ; as alfo the 
 Church of St. Mary Magdalene in the 
 Suburbs of Oxford, and 3 Hides of Land 
 in Beaumont Fields. Thomas le Den, and 
 Bruman de Walton, and other charitable 
 Perfons, much enriched this College; 
 all which Gifts King Henry I. confirmed, 
 and moreover granted to the Tenants of 
 the faid Canons Freedom of Shires, 
 Hundreds, Wards, Sac, Soc, Toll, &c. 
 From the Foundation it was for 5 5 Years 
 inhabited by Secular Canons ; but after 
 the Monaftery of South Ofney was erec- 
 ted, Robert D'Oyly, the fecond of that 
 Name, and Nephew to the Founder, 
 
 tranflated them, with all their Lands, to 
 Ofney, Sulfridus de Ivery confirming the 
 fame, and fo they became Regular Ca- 
 nons. Soon after it came to be poflefled 
 by Scholars of the Univerfity of fevcral 
 Sorts, called in the Statutes of this Col- 
 lege, Cujloi, Socii &> Scbolares. The 
 Cujlos was always to be one of the Ca- 
 nons of Ofney to whom it belonged ; the 
 Socii or Sacerdotcs were at their Admit- 
 tance fworn at the high Altar before 
 God and St. George their Patron, to per- 
 form Divine Serve, and in all Things 
 to be faithful to the Cwjlodes fucceflive- 
 ly, fo long as they lived in the College, 
 and with their Fellows to be kind, lo- 
 ving and peaceable, modeft, chafte and 
 holy ; and if any of them were promoted 
 to a Benefice, or died in the College, 
 they fhould leave fomething to the Cha- 
 pel to maintin a Light to burn continu- 
 ally before the Image of St. George* 
 which by Cuftom was upheld to the very 
 laft, and called Lumen Scholarium ad re- 
 cordationem principis ibidem. The Scholars 
 alfo at their Admiflion were fworn to the 
 fame Etfieft:, and to leave the like Gift 
 to the Lights before St. George's Image, 
 if they were promoted, or died in the 
 Place; and moreover at their Admit- 
 tance, when they were regiftred by the 
 Chaplain, paid to the Warden, accord- 
 ing to Cuftom, 4 Shillings, to the com- 
 mon Stock as much ; towards a Supper 
 2.0 d. and to his Fellow-Students i$d. 
 They had few or no Lands belonging to 
 their Houfe, being maintained by the 
 Abbey of Oufney, which, befidcs what 
 they paid to five Secular Priefts to cele- 
 brate Divine Service, allowed the reft 
 iS/. ioj. per Ann. to pray always for 
 the Founder in their Service twice a 
 Day, and for the Prifoners in the Gaol 
 near the Houfe. The Scholars were in 
 all twelve, for the moft Part Welch, who 
 had nothing allotted them but Lodging 
 and Diet, which they had from Ofney, 
 and the Charity of People. Towards 
 the Diflblution they became very poor, 
 and being reduced to three, fo continued 
 to the Period of Religious Houfcs ; and 
 being not worth takhg Notice of by 
 N u D 4 fuch
 
 XFO R 2) SHI RE. 
 
 fuch as fought better Prey was fuffcred 
 to run fo much into Decay, that at 
 length it became a Part of the Prifon 
 adjoining for Malefactors, as it conti- 
 nues to this Day. 
 
 Friars Eremites of St. Auguflin. Pope 
 Innocent IV. Anno 1251, gr.mted a Power 
 to thefe Friars to go info any Counties 
 whatfoever, to build themfelves Mona- 
 fteries, and celebrate Divine Service ; 
 \vhereupon they came into England the 
 fame Year, and next Year obtained an 
 Houfe at Louden. Being fettled at Lon- 
 don, they had an extraordinary Defire to 
 get to Oxford, and to that End fent feme 
 of their Number thither, who hiring an 
 obfcure Houfe, but near the publick 
 Schools, gained an Opportunity of ma- 
 king known to the Univcrfity their Skill 
 5n Philofophy and Divinity. Their 
 Contrivance had a fuitable EtFcft ; for 
 foon after their Arrival they were taken 
 Notice of by Sir John Handlcve, or Hand- 
 Jew of Bttrjtall in Buds, a very wealthy 
 Man, who pin-chafed them a Piece of 
 Ground to build an Houfe on, and pro- 
 cured the Confirmation of it by King 
 Henry III. Anno 1268. "But becaufe the 
 Ground given them by Handiove vas too 
 1'canty for their Houfe and Chapel, the 
 King, at the Requeft of the faid Knight, 
 gave them a fmall Piece of Ground ad- 
 joining to it ; and that it might be no 
 JLofs to- Bogo Clare, the King s Client, 
 Who held it, John Colejkull, a Favourer 
 of thefe Friars, gave him .the Rent of a 
 Tenement in St. Aldate's Parifh, to make 
 an Amends to him; A and that their Seat 
 jnight be as fpacious as pofllble, Hand- 
 love procured feme Tenements of the 
 Canons of Ridefwide ; and having ob- 
 tained a Confirmation of all froai Pope 
 Gregory X. he built them an Houfe and 
 Chapel very beautiful, of fquare Stone, 
 which he took out of his Quarry, and 
 Timber, which he was allowed, being the 
 King's Ranger, to take out of SboMm 
 Park ; but he dying before the whole 
 was finiftied, he left it in Charge to- his 
 Heirs to perfe& the fame, which they 
 Accordingly did. Thefe Augujtintan 
 Monks, had their Schools for Divinity 
 
 and Philofophy, as-the above-mentioned 
 Orders had, which being large, they 
 drew almoft all the Univerfity to keep 
 their Ab there, but it was only till the 
 prefent Divinity School was finimed ; but 
 the Exercifes in Arts were ftill perform- 
 ed there, as they had been from the 
 very Building of their Houfe. Hence it 
 is, that a Statute was made by the Af- 
 fembly of Regents for the Benefit of the 
 Students ; that every Batchelor of Arts 
 fhould once every Year difpute, and 
 once anfwer, at the Augujlinians, having 
 15 Days Warning; and if any negleft 
 or refufe fo to do, he fliall not be 
 allowed any Hearing or Reading for that 
 Year. Thefe Exercifes took Place about 
 the Year 1267, as foon as the Augujli- 
 nians came into Credit at Oxford, among 
 whom it was a Law,that before a Batchelor 
 took the Degree of Matter of Arts, he 
 fliould hold Deputations on fixed Days, 
 i. In old Logick. z* In new Logick. 
 3. In Philofophy ; but upon the Diftblu- 
 tion of Monafteries thefe Difputations 
 were removed firft to St. Mary's, and 
 then to Schools as foon as they were 
 built, but neither the Name nor Thing 
 were changed ; fo that at this Day Dif- 
 putations at the Augttjlmianf are kept up 
 on Wedntfdays and Saturdays in full Term, 
 from one to three a Clock in the After- 
 noon, the Matter of the Schools being 
 Moderator. Many extraordinary Men 
 proceeded from thefe Schools, as John 
 Wilton Divinity Profcflbr, John Cap- 
 grave, &v. The. Tombs of the Church 
 here were removed to Water-fery, where 
 they are rtill to be feen. They had ma- 
 ny Bcncfa&ors, but few of them are 
 known. After the s Diflblution, the Site 
 and Ground was fold firtt to Tbo, Car- 
 tvardin, Efq; and after to Henry Duke of 
 Suffolk, and Tho. Duport, Gent, who car- 
 ried oft" many of the Materials: At 
 length in K. James Ill's Reign, the 
 whole defcended to the Foundrcfs of 
 Wadham College, Mrs. Dorothy Wadham t 
 who, according to her Husband Nicholas 
 Wadh.tnis Will, founded a College on 
 it, now called W<idham College. 
 
 Trjni-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Trinitarians, or Friars of the Holy 
 Trinity, tor the Redemption of Cap- 
 lives. This Order had its Beginning, 
 Anno 1198, under the Pontificate of 
 Pope Innocent III. St. jFohn de Matba, and 
 St. Felix de Valols, being the Founders, 
 They feem to have been firft brought 
 into England by Robert Rokejley, who built 
 them a Monailery at Motlnden in Kent, 
 in the Year 1224, and were brought 
 into Oxford, Anno 1291, having often 
 reforted to it for the Take of Learning, 
 after this Manner: Edmund Plantagenet, 
 Earl of Cornwall, a great Patron .of the 
 Religious, moved thereto by the Intrea- 
 ties of themfelves and others, having ob- 
 tained certain Tenements of the Prior 
 and Brethren of St. J-ohns Hofpital near 
 Eaft-Gate, pulled them down, and ha- 
 ving built an Houfe and Chapel, gave 
 it them by his Charter, bearing Date 
 2,9 Aug. 2.1 Edw. I. who, at the Requeft 
 of the faid Edmund, confirmed it to- them 
 and Succefibrs for ever. But this Houfe 
 in fome Years proving too ftrait, they 
 obtained a certain Chapel dedicated to 
 the Holy Trinity, with the Ground a- 
 bout it, of the Prior and Canons of St. 
 Fridefwide, refolving to remove thither, 
 and leave their former Seat ; but be- 
 caufe they could not do it without the 
 King's Licenfe, their Defign was retard- 
 ed all King Edward lid's Reign, and 
 when otained in King Edward Hid' s, it 
 was upon Condition, that the Alinifter 
 and Friars fhould make a Chantry in 
 the faid Chapel for their Founders and 
 Benefa&ors, which being fubmitted to, 
 they removed by the Licenfe of their 
 ^Provincial to their new Scat, and let 
 their old one to Merton College. Thefe 
 Friars flourifhed here till the Year 135.1, 
 2.5 Edw. III. when an epidemical Diftem- 
 per happening among them carried them 
 off to a Man, fo that their old Houfe and 
 Chapel efcheated to the King ; and the 
 Minifter of Houndejlow fending one 
 Friar to perform Divine Service in Tri- 
 ttlty Chapel, fold it to the , Town?- 
 men, who granting in it a Dwelling to 
 one Prieft only to perform Divine Ser- 
 lee out. the other Apartments to 
 
 Lay-Scholars, who under a Principal 
 applied themfelves to their Studies there, 
 and paid Rent for it to the Town, from 
 whence it took the Name of Trinity HaU. 
 The Friars petition 'd the Univcrfity to 
 aflift them in recovering it .to their Or- 
 der, but could not gain it, the Townl- 
 men being refolute to keep it. TheBtfliop 
 of Winchejler purchafed fome of the 
 Ground belonging to their old Houfe, and 
 built a new College Wall upon it; 
 and the other was by ibme Contract 
 pafled over to the Town. The old Cha- 
 pel being poflefled by the Townfmen, 
 was ufed, as it were, to confecrate their 
 Major to his Office, he being obliged, 
 afcer he was fworn at the Exchequer, 
 London, and returned home, to give 
 God Thanks there, before he en tredup- 
 on if. Iii it a Wax Candle was kept 
 perpetually burning, and to it Criminals 
 fled for Sanctuary. About the Time of 
 the Diflblution, Trinity Hall being held 
 by one Robert ferret, Batchclor of Mufick, 
 Principal, hedemolimed the Houfe and' 
 Chapel, and built in the fame Place a 
 Barn, Stable and Hogfty. 
 
 The Friars of Penance, or Sack cloath,. 
 fo called, becaufe their Habit was not 
 only made of Sack-cloath, but becaufe 
 (as fome fay) it was fhaped like a Sack. 
 The Original of them is not certainly 
 known ; but we find fome of them in the 
 Kingdom of Arragon in md. They 
 came into England in 12,57, and arrived 
 at Oxford in 12,62., in which being defirous . 
 to fettle, they followed the fame Me- 
 thods that the Dominicans and Franci/cans 
 had before ufed, w*. , They made an 
 humble Application to King Henry III. 
 who was a fingular Favourer of the re- 
 ligious Orders, for a. {mail Spot of. 
 Ground fit to build an Houfe and Cha- 
 pel oh, and. obtained one without the- 
 Weft-gate on the South-fide of the 
 Street leading to the Mills, where the 
 Parifh Church of ^t. Michael had lately 
 ftood, upou this Condition, that th^ 
 Burial-place fliould remain the fime., 
 Afterwards- they bought another little 
 Field adjoining of Walter the Gold fmirh, 
 with certain Monies that Ela th2 moll-
 
 47 
 
 O XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 pious Countefs of Warwick gave them ; 
 after which, having no more to do than 
 to get a Licenfe to build of the Convent 
 of Ofney, becaufe the Ground was in the 
 Parifli of St. George, which belonged to 
 them, which" they foon did', by the Af- 
 fiilance of the faid Countefs ; they went 
 to building, and by the Help of the faid 
 Countefs foon ere&ed themfelves an 
 Houfe and Chapel out of the Ruins 
 of the Church of St. Benedict, (or, as 
 Ibme call him, St. Badoc} and lived in 
 it under the Government of a Prior, 
 daily performing Divine Service for the 
 Souls of King Henry III. and Ela the 
 Countefs, and diligently reforting to the 
 Leflbns in the Schools of the Francifcans, 
 which were near them, by which they reap- 
 ed fo great Fruits of Erudition, that they 
 were in good Reputation for Learning ; 
 
 nefs and Vifitor of this Holpital during 
 her Life, and after her Death, the King 
 or his Chancellor. The faid King Ed- 
 ward II. Reg. 14. granted his Licenfe, the 
 Form or Order tion obftante, for the 
 Matter and Brothers of this Hofpital to 
 admit J-olon Serthe into the next void 
 Place, the faid J-ohn having given eigh- 
 teen Marks towards the Repairs of the 
 Chapel, which was at that Time very- 
 ruinous. 
 
 St. J-obns Inn or Hofpital, a noble 
 Building erefted not far from the Eaft- 
 gate in Oxford, by King Henry III. Reg. 
 17. for the Reception and Relief of the 
 Neceffities of the Infirm, and Travel- 
 lers, himfelf having laid the firft Stone. 
 The fame King gave the Matter and 
 Brethren of this Hofpital his Mill at 
 Edendon, and the jFews Garden in the 
 
 but the Council of Lyons having fuppref- Suburbs of Oxford without the faid Eaft- 
 fed all the mendicant Friars but the Do- gate, and granted, that as often as he 
 
 and came to Oxford they mould receive of his 
 Alms for one Hundred poor People, on 
 the firft Day of his Coming to Town. He 
 alfo granted to this Hofpital of St. J-obn 
 Baptijt at Oxford, a Parcel of his Wood 
 at Sbotover, with the Pa ft lire adjoining, &>c. 
 Ofney, Ofeney, or Oufney, an Abbey of 
 regular Canons of St. Augujline, near Ox- 
 ford,, fo called, becaufe it was fituate on 
 the Ifland of Ofney, made by the River 
 Ijts, near the Caftle of Oxford. It was - 
 reeled by Robert D'oiley, at the Inftiga- 
 tion, and with the Confent of Editba his 
 Wife, upon this Occafion. She ufed to 
 recreate and folace her felf often when 
 her Husband lived in the Caftle, with 
 walking by the River's Side, and feve- 
 ral Times finding many Pyes gathered, 
 together on a Tree, and making a great 
 Chattering, enquired of Radulphus her 
 Confeflbr, what it meant, who told 
 her, They were not Pyes, but fo many 
 poor Souls in Purgatory, uttering their 
 Complaints for Relief, hoping that you 
 will do fomething for their Succour, and 
 the Health of your's and your Pofterities 
 Souls, as your Husband's Uncle did in 
 building the College and Church of St. 
 George- She replied, Is it fb indeed ? I 
 will do my beft Endeavours to bring thefe 
 
 wretch- 
 
 Francifcans, 
 
 Carmelites, this Order of Friars was abo- 
 lifhed in England in 1307, and their Pof- 
 fefiions falling into the King's Hands, he 
 gave them two Years after to the Fran- 
 dfcans, who demolished all the Build- 
 ings, and inclofed the Ground within 
 their Precin&s. They had many Dona- 
 tions from the rich People of Oxford, 
 both living and dying, but all vanifhed 
 with the Order. In ancient Records 
 they are called Friars of the Sack-cloath ; 
 Friars in Sacks ; Friars of the Penance of 
 Jefus Chrift ; Friars of the Penance of 
 God ; and laftly, The Prior and Friars 
 of Penance. 
 
 Sr. Bartholomew's without Oxford, an 
 Hofpital, concerning which thefe fol- 
 lowing Orders were made in the Parlia- 
 ment at Lincoln , 9 Edvu. II. viz.. I. That 
 there mould be but fix infirm Brothers 
 in this Hofpital, and two found Brothers 
 to labour about the Affairs of the Houfe, 
 each of which mould receive 9 Pence a 
 Week. 2. That there fhould beaPricft 
 to be Mafter of the faid Hofpital to fay 
 Mafs daily, and adminifter the Sacra- 
 ments to the Infirm ; his Salary to be fix 
 Marks per Ann. Queen Margaret, Wi- 
 dow of King Edward I. was the Patro-
 
 XFO R 7) SHIR E. 
 
 wretched Souls to Reft ; and relating the 
 Matter to her Husband, did by her Im- 
 portunities, and with the Confent of the 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury, Bifhop of Lin- 
 coln, and her Sons, Henry and Gilbert, 
 perfwade her Husband to build this Mo- 
 raftery near the Place where the Pyes 
 fat chattering, Anno 1129, and having 
 dedicated it to St. Mary, made Radulphtis 
 the firft Prior, and fettled large Endow- 
 ments upon it, -viz.' all his Lands in the 
 Ifle of Ofney, all the Houfcs belonging to 
 his Mills there, with the Tithes of them, 
 the Church and Manor of Wejlon ; as 
 alfo the Churches of Ckydon, Hokenorton, 
 Kidlington, Shenefton and Chefterton, divers 
 Lands within the Borough of Oxford, the 
 whole Village of Eaton and Hamlet of 
 Sparfway, with many other Cantles of 
 Land, OPc. procuring the Canons the 
 Liberties of Frank-pledge, Court-Leets, 
 free Warren, Toll, &>c. through- 
 out moft of thefe Lands. About 20 Years 
 after the Foundation of this Houfe, all 
 the Revenues belonging to the Church 
 of St. George before-mentioned, were 
 tranflated to this Houfe; and in After- 
 times Multitudes of Benefa&ors, out of 
 pure Devotion for their Souls Health, 
 beftowcd upon it many Manors, Churches 
 and Lands, with a Curfe annexed to any 
 that flionld prefume to alienate or fub- 
 ftrat them from God's Ufe. 
 
 This Houfe, at its firft Foundation, 
 was but a Priory of an indifferent and 
 ordinary Model ; but in the Ages fol- 
 lowing, by the large Donations beftowed 
 on it, became an Abbey, being adorned 
 with divers new Edifices and Additions 
 made to it by divers Benefa&ors, and 
 thefe fo ttately and magnificent, that 
 the very Ruins did not long fince fliew 
 that it was fecond to none in England, 
 for its fpacious Lodgings, Chapels, and 
 two bulky high Towers, a large and fine 
 Hall, and convenient Infirmary and Dor- 
 mitory. Near the great Gate, were the 
 Alms-houfes, called Domus Del, or God's 
 Houfe, ere&ed for poor Clerks, and o- 
 ther indigent People, who were, or had 
 been Servants to the Abbey, and lived 
 upon the offal Meat that came from the 
 Monks Tables but befidcs, they had 
 
 fome kind of Allowance annually from 
 the Abbey, and fome fmall Parcels of 
 Land given them by BenefaSors for their 
 Liveries. Thefe poor Alms-Men had a 
 Chapel joining to their Habitation, de- 
 dicated to St. Nicholas, and a Chaplain 
 called Capettanus Sanfti .Nicholai, to cele- 
 brate Divine Service daily to them. To 
 him the Abbey allowed 40 s. per Ann* 
 and other pious Perfons often ^gave him 
 fmall Contributions. The Chapel was 
 open not only to the Tradefmen of the 
 Town, but to Strangers and Pilgrims. 
 To the Abbey alfo belonged, i. A Tan- 
 nery upon the River Eld, for making 
 Leather and Parchment. 2. A Brew* 
 houfe, Bake-houfe, and Slaughter-houfe. 
 3. Divers Tradefmen, as Taylors, Lumi- 
 ners, Wax-Chandlers, &>c. fo that for 
 the Number of Inhabitants it was ac- 
 counted a Parifh. We meet with a 
 pretty exa& Catalogue of the Priors and 
 Abbots of this Houfe, in Number 23, 
 of whom we fhall mention fome few, in 
 whofe Time fome Things memorable 
 happened, as (i.) Wtgodus the fecond 
 Prior; in whofe Time it was turned into 
 an Abbey ; the Church of St. George was 
 by the Pope given to the Canons of St. 
 Fridefwide, and Robert D'olley the Foun- 
 der died, and was buried at Enjham Ab- 
 bey, according to his Will. (2.) John 
 Rading the 6th Prior, when he had go- 
 verned 6 Years, refigned his Office, and 
 took on him the Habit of a Minorite of 
 Northampton. Matth. Paris fays, he did 
 it cordis p ujillanimitate detrufas. (3.) jfoha 
 "Leech, the 7th Prior ; in his Time moft 
 of the Abbey was rebuilt, and great Ad- 
 ditions made, many of which he did 
 proprio fumpt u. (4) Adam Berniers, the 8th 
 Prior, who was fo, celebrated a Preacher, 
 that the Scholars of the Univerfity came 
 to hear him. ( 5. Richard de Appletree^ 
 the 9th Prior; in his Time King Henry 
 III. having raifed the Siege of Kenel- 
 vuofiby came to this Abbey and celebra* 
 ted 7 Days there with great Revellings 
 and Mirth ; he refigned in 1267. () 
 William de Sutton was the next Prior, and 
 one of the moft famous. He went witli 
 feveral Bifhops and Abbots of this Na- 
 tion to a Council held at Leydeit, Anna 
 
 1274,
 
 47 2 
 
 OXFO R T) S HIR E. 
 
 1274, to confult of fevcral Things be- Church, as St. Thomais, our Lady's, &c. 
 longing to the Church, and particularly and double Ifles on each Side of the 
 whether the Care of War did not be- Church ; in the Campanile, or Steeple, 
 long to the Prelates of the Church, ac- were fix Bells, befides the Great, Tom t 
 cording to the Example of the Maccha- which was removed from hence in Queen 
 bees ; as alfo how to bring the Greek Mary's Time to Chrijt- Church. Many- 
 Church into SubjeQion to the Roman, honourable Perfons were buried in it, as 
 and correft the Vices of the Monks and Edith, the Wife of the Founder, two 
 Pn'efts, &c. He alfo compiled the Re- Henry D'oily's, Father and Son ; Adam, 
 gitter of this Houfe with wonderful Care Bifhop of St. Afaph, John de Plejfets Earl 
 and Diligence. In his Time Robert Kil- of Warwick, Philip de Eya, Treafurer to 
 warty, Archbifliop of Canterbury, vifited King Henry I. Ella, Countefs of War- 
 this Houfe tarn in Capite quam in membris, wick, and many others, befides twenty 
 and received for his Procurations 24 Abbots, who lie under beautiful Tombs; 
 Marks. (7.) John de Kidlington built after it was furrendrcd to the King by 
 High-bridge and our Lady's Chapel. He the Abbot and Convent, it remained in 
 was the i4th Abbot. (8.) Thomas Hoke- his Hands three Years, the Revenues 
 tJorton, the i7th Abbot, was a great Be- being kept entire, with an Intention to 
 nefaftor to the Univerfity, building 10 fettle them on a Bifhoprick, and place 
 Schools for their Ufe, and repairing fe- the Chapter here, which was according- 
 veral Halls belonging to this Monaftery, ly done, and afterward removed to St. 
 as Gla^en-loaU, Deep-ball, George-hall, Fridefwide's, and fettled in Chrift-Church 
 Woodjlockhall, 
 
 and St. Ed-ward's Hall, 
 .and "making feveral new Chambers in 
 them, (pi) J-ohn Walton, the iSth Ab- 
 bot t ran flan ted Bcetius de confolatione Phi-' 
 lofophia into EngJip, and in 1472, was con- 
 fecrated Archbilhop of Dublin. (10.) Ro- 
 bert King, the laft Abbot and titular Bi- 
 fhop of Roan furrendred it up to King 
 Henry VIII. Anno 1539, when it had 
 iiourifhed 410 Years. 
 
 as is there and elfewhere obferved. The 
 Revenues of this Abby were valued at the 
 Diflblution at 6547. io/. id.^perAnn. 
 Dutr.Stev. 755/. iSj. 6d. i Speed ex Lei. 
 Rewley, Ruley, or North Ofney, in 
 Latin, Locus Regalis in North Ofney, an 
 Abbey of Cijlettians in the Suburbs' of 
 Oxford, feated in pleafant Groves, and 
 encompafled with pleafant Streams re- 
 mote from the City, and for its Solita- 
 
 The Church here was a more than rinefs'fuitable to the Monks Difpofition 
 
 ordinary excellent Fabrick, and not on- 
 ly the Envy of other religious Houfes 
 in England, but alfb of many beyond 
 Sea ; not only the Admiration 01 the 
 Neighbours, but Foreigners that came 
 
 who fought fiich Places as propereft to 
 exercife their Devotion in. It was 
 founded in 1281, by Richard Earl of 
 Cornwall^ Brother of King Henry III. who 
 having erefted it for Monks of the Ci- 
 
 to the Univerfiry, for the Arcbitc&ure, jlertian Order, procured feme to be 
 
 which was fo exquifite and full of Va- 
 riety of VVorkmanfhip, as Carvings, Cut- 
 tings, Pinacles, Towers, Qfc. was fo ta- 
 lcing, that Out-landers were invited 
 thereby to come over and take the 
 Draughts of it. Nor was the Infide lefs 
 admirable, the Walls being adorned 
 
 brought from Thame, who were of that 
 Fraternity, and planted here, caufing 
 Robert IBurnet, then Bifhop of Bath and 
 Wells, to dedicate it. The Founder at 
 firft endowed it wjth all the Lands and 
 Tenements he had in North Ofney, being 
 the ancient Honour of St. Walery's, 
 
 , -. -.. ,.*,, , 
 
 with rich Hangings, the Windows with all his Manor of Erdington. a large Re- 
 
 awful Paintings, the Pillars with curious 
 Statues and Images, the Floor with 
 i'peaking Monuments, and all other 
 Places with Rarities, Reliques, Qpc. 
 There were fcveral Chapels in this 
 
 ' 
 
 venue, if it be true', that there were but 
 nine Monks planted at firft in it (as a cer- 
 tain Author tells us, l) u &d. Bar.} but we 
 believe him much miftakeri ; for in an- 
 other Author we find, that there were 
 
 fifteen
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 473 
 
 fifteen put in at the firft Settlement, and diers, who kept Watch and Ward in if. 
 at the Diffolution there were twenty-one. Over the Gate which leads into the 
 The Benefaftors befides were Edmund Court, are the Arms of the Founder's 
 Earl of Cornwall his Son, who gave the Father, v*z- an Engle with two Heads 
 Monks here, that they might pray for dtfplayed, as King of the Romans, and 
 the Soul of Richard his Father, his Mills his paternal Coat, viz. a Lion Rampant 
 at Karjington, the Advowfon of the within the Bordure of Befants, both 
 Church of Wendrove, his VVoods of Net- which were always born by the Abbot 
 tlebed, with divers Houfes in London, 6cc. and Convent, as the Arms of their Ab- 
 as alfo Joan Gitte, who in 1486, gave to bey. It is faid this Abbey fell among 
 thefe Monks her Farm in St. Giles's Pa- the alien Abbies in 1414, but by Miftakc; 
 rifh, Oxford, called Black-hall, and a for we find it inhabited till King Henry 
 Meadow, to pray for the Health of her VHIth's Time, when it was diflblved, 
 own, and Friends Soul, and keep her and was then certified to be worth per 
 Obit yearly, and in it ihould fix Shil- Ann. i)4/. $/. 6 d. After the Suppref- 
 lino-s and eight Pence be diftributed fion, the Site of this Houfe was granted,, 
 yearly among the Monks, and fevcral among other Things, by King Hsnry 
 others, who gave them fmall Sums or VIII. to Dr. George Owen, who was Phy- 
 parcels of Lands. fician to King Edward VI.' Queon Jane, 
 
 They had many confiderable Privile- Q^Mary, and Q^EHzabeth, fuccefifively ; 
 ges throughout moft of their Lands, but it fcems that helcept it not long, for 
 |;~. all their Lands in the County of the fame King bought it of his Son George 
 Oxford owed no Suit or Service to any Owen, Efq; and gave it the fame Year to 
 Hundred Court there ; they were exempt, the Dean and Canons of Chr/ft-Cbttrcb, 
 for the Jurifdi&ion of the Bifhop of Oxford, (excepting the Lead and Bells) 
 Lincoln, in whofc Diocefe they \vcre ; as who have been the Owners of ic ever 
 alfo from all Taxations and Subfidics ; fince, and are fo at this Day. Moft of 
 they had Vifum Franci Plegii, or View of the Buildings have been long fincc de- 
 Frank-pledge, which, according to our molimed, and the Stones and other Ma- 
 Lawyers, is a Writ to exempt one from terials fold, but the Chaptcr-houfe, and 
 coming; to the View of Frank-pledge, fome Buildings adjoining are turned to a 
 who is not in the Hundred refident ; the 
 
 Brevvhoufe. Men of good Credit report 
 
 Site of North Ofney they had alfo free, many Things of the Misfortunes of the 
 
 Inhabitants, who having been Perfonsof 
 Wealth and Subftance, have, while dwel- 
 ling here, been reduced to Want of 
 Bread and common Neccflaries. Rub* 
 bifh. and Pieces of Foundations are often 
 
 excepting fome fmall Suit to the Foun- 
 der and his Heirs, which he referred 
 to himfelf exprefly by his Charter; but 
 they wanted this Privilege, to have a 
 Place in the Univerfuy it felf, or a- 
 
 mong the Monks of it, in their general dug up here, and with them fometimes 
 
 Proceflions. great Quantities of Mcns Bones; as alfo 
 
 The Church, with the Abbey it felf, at South Ofney, which are very indecent- 
 
 and Church-yard adjoining, was dedica- ly ufed, to the Reproach of Chriftianity, 
 
 ted by th'e Bifhop of Bath and Wells, yea Humanity. We have a pretty cx- 
 
 \vith the Patron's Confent, to the Virgin a& Lift of tha Priors of this Abbey, but 
 
 Mary, in 1181. Much of this Houfe, nothing remarkable faid of them, and 
 
 together with the Refe&ory, was ftand- therefore we fliall mention the laft of 
 
 ino- in 172.0, and fo is now, we doubt them only, viz. Nicholas Aujlen, who 
 
 DO". In one of the Windows of the up- furrendring his Convent to King Henry 
 
 per Chambers is a fhorn Monk kneeling VIII. had a Penfion for Life aflign- 
 
 wich his Habit on; other Infcriptions edhimofai Pounds a Year, of which; 
 there were in the Windows before the 
 late Civil Wars, which are not now le- 
 
 Jegible, being broke dcvn by the Sol- 
 
 our Hiftories tell us he was in PoJTcflion, 
 Anno i 553. 
 
 OOP
 
 474 
 
 OXFO-R T> SHIR E. 
 
 Banlury, Mr. Speed, in his Catalogue of fays) Anno 1147, Kinp: Henry III. Roger 
 
 the Religious Houfes of this County de Newhurgh Earl of Warwick, who gave 
 
 cutofLeland, mentions, (i.) A College thefe Monks his Lordfliip of Merfden in 
 
 in this Town dedicated to St. Mary, but Northamptonshire, and others were Bene- 
 
 Jays nothing either of the Founder or fa&ors to this Abbey ; all whofe Gift* 
 
 Benefa&ors, yet tell* us, that at the Dif- were confirmed to the Monks here by 
 
 Solution of the Abbies, it was certified King John, in the 6th Year of his Reign. 
 
 to be worth 487. 6s. fer Ann. (2.) An It was valued at the Diflbluiion at I34/. 
 
 Hofpital dedicated to 5t, Jobn y then ya- 
 Iu,edati5/. I s. 10 d. y per Ann. which 
 none of our Writers about the ancient 
 Monafteries fpeak any Thing of. 
 
 Bifliter, or more properly Burcejter, a 
 
 10 
 Sp. 
 
 lod. per Ann. Dug. 124 A io/. 10 A*, 
 ex Lei. 
 
 Clattercote, or Clattercold, a Mon after y 
 dedicated to- St. Leonard, of which we 
 meet with nothing more than that Tho- 
 
 from the Baffets of Drayton^ Sapcote. and of Rctley in Warwifkjhire ; and that at the 
 
 fVycomb, all noble Families) and Egeline Diflblution of the Abbies it was valued 
 
 Courtney his Wife, who endowed it with at 34 /. 19*. \id.Speed. Several of the 
 
 large Pofleflions; as did alfo WlHL-tm Lands belonging to this Houfe were, at 
 
 Longefpe, and among other Things, gave the Diflblution given ta Sir William Pe- 
 
 them Pafture for 50 Cattle at Erdinton, tre, Secretary of State, by King Henry 
 
 to feed among his Cattle there. Another VIII. who, getting them again by Ex- 
 
 Benefaflor to thefe Canons was Philip change, fettled them upon his new 
 
 Bajfet, Brother of Fulc Baffet, Bifhop of College of Chriji- Church, Oxford. 
 
 London, who gave them all his Lands in Chippbip-Norton, r. Monaftery mention- 
 
 Clifton, Heeton and Dadington in this ed by Mr. Speed without Dedication,. 
 
 Shire ; as alfo in Grimesbury in the Parifh Founder or Benefators,, valued at 
 
 of Banbury in Northamptonjhir:, all which 137. 6s. 6d. per Annum. 
 
 Gifts are recited and confirmed by King Cages, or Cogges, a BenedicJine Mona- 
 
 Edward II. Reg. 9. This Priory at the ftery, made by Mana/es Arjlc, the Head 
 
 Diflblution was valued at 147 /. 2 s. tod, of whofe Barony was this Place. He 
 
 fer Ann. Dug. 167 /. zs. 10 d. Sp. ex Lei. gave, 3 Hen. I, Anno 1103,, this Church 
 
 Jh the Monajlicon we alfo are informed, of Cages, unto the Monks of Fefcamp in 
 
 that King Edward III. in the 29th Year Normandy, with Lands and Tithes in di- 
 
 cf his Reign, did give a Licenfe to Ni~ vers other Places; whereupon thofe 
 
 cholas Jordan, an Hermit, Cujlos of the Monks fent over Part of their Convent 
 
 Chapel of St. John Baptijl, in this Town, thither, and there founded a Cell to 
 
 to found an Hofpital here to the Honour their foreign Monaftery. This Cell was 
 
 of God, the Blefled Virgin Mary, and diflblvcd by A& of Parliament amon< 
 
 St. John Baptlfl. It fell with the Priory, the Priories alien, in the Reign of Kin^ 
 
 and was valued with it, as a Part of the Henry V. being given him to carry on his 
 
 Revenues of it, as we fuppofe the Cha- Conquefts in France. 
 
 pel was 
 
 Brockhy, a Priory of Canons of St. 
 'jiugttftin, dedicated to St. Mary, men- 
 fioned by Mr. Speed, without the Names 
 of any Founder or Benefa&ors, and 
 none elfe. 
 
 Bnterti, or as it is written in the Mo- ceftors of Reginald Earl of Bologne, gave 
 naft'icon, Brure, a Ciflercian Monaftery, divers Lands and Pofleflions to the Mo' nlcs. 
 founded by Nicholas Baflet t (as Mr. Sped of this Priory, which, he not only con- 
 
 Cold-Norton, a Priory of Canons Regu- 
 lar of St. AHguJline, founded by William 
 Fits Alan, Lord of Clan, who gave his 
 Manor- houfe in this Place to God, St. 
 Mary, St. John, and St. Giles, and^en- 
 dowed it with divers Lands. The An-
 
 XT R 23 SHIR E, 
 
 47* 
 
 firmed, but with the Confent of Ida his 
 Wife, gave more, viz.. 108 Acres and 
 an half of Land. King Henry III. Reg. 
 15. confirmed to the Prior and Canons 
 of this Houfe, dedicated to St. John the 
 Evangelift, the Lands and Pofleflions of 
 the faid Reginald, and divers other Be- 
 nefa&ors of leffer Note, as Richard Ser- 
 geaux, &c. Ralph de Stafford Earl of 
 Stafford, bearing a venerable Refpeft to 
 the Order of "friars Eremites of St. Au- 
 gttjlin, did 44 Ed-w. III. beftow his Ma- 
 nor of Rowlandright (now vulgarly called 
 Rollright} in this Shire, upon the Prior 
 and Convent of this Houfe, for the 
 Maintenance of two (one Dudg. Ear.') Ca- 
 nons, perpetually to celebrate Divine 
 Service there, for the good Eftate of 
 himfclf during his Life, and for the 
 Health of his Soul afterwards ; as alfo 
 for the Souls of his Parents, Friends, and 
 all the "Faithful deceafcd, for ever, by 
 hi.-> Charter indented at his Manor of 
 Tiflo in Warwicl'fiire. In the 22tl Year 
 ofKingflwiry VII. Hugh Croft, Efq; re- 
 leafed and conveyed over to the faid 
 King all his Right, Tide and Claim to 
 this Priory of Cold-vorton, and Patronage 
 of the fame, and all the Lands and Re- 
 venues thereunto belonging, formerly 
 enjoyed by Join Wattn, late Prior of 
 the laid Priory, whofe Deed bears Date 
 2.1 Febr. of the faid Year. After this 
 Conveyance made, the King 24 April of 
 the fame Year, ordered an Inquifition 
 to be taken at Dorchefter, before William 
 Young, Efcheator of this County, con- 
 cerning the lame Houfe, and it was 
 found, That John Woticn, late Prior of 
 this Priory, was fciied of the faid Pri 
 ory, and the Manor of Cotd-norton, with 
 divers other Lands and Ertate>, as in the 
 Inquifition exprefled, in the Rie,ht of the 
 faid Priory and being fo feized, died 
 on the Eve of 'Palm-Sunday, in the E- 
 leventh Year of the faid King, without 
 having any Convent of Canons, or any 
 profett Canon in the faid Priory at that 
 Time : The SuccefiTion of the faid Priory 
 did thereupon wholly finifh, diflblve, 
 extinguifh and determine ; by which the 
 faid Priory, and all the Eltate thereunto 
 
 belonging, did efcheatto the King, whofe 
 Anceftors were Founders and Patrons of 
 the fame, and that the Revenue of the 
 faid Priory over and above all Reprifes, 
 is of the Value of 50 / per Ann. 
 
 Dorchejler, an Abbey of Regular Ca-- 
 nons of Sr. Auguftin, founded by Alexar.~ 
 der Bilhop of Lincoln, who made one 
 Alured the firft Prior of it. Edmund 
 Read was a fingular Bcnefa&or to thefc 
 Monks, and in Gratitude to him we 
 find a Conllitution made by John C/<f- 
 ton, the Eleventh Prior, and the whole* 
 Convent of Canons at Dorcbejler, viz.. That 
 on the Account of the fingular Devo. 
 tion and real Affeh'on, which their Be- 
 loved in Chrift, Edmund Read, Lord of 
 Bcr/?.r//, in fincere Charity beared to 
 their Convent, We have, as much as in. 
 us lies, for our felves and Succeflors, 
 given and granted unto the faid Edmund t 
 thefe fpiritual Advantages, viz- That 
 every Day, during the Life of the faid 
 Edmund, and Agnes his Wife, John Sto~ 
 tys and Alice his Wife, and Thomas Wy- 
 fold and Elizabeth his Wife, there be 
 faid by the Canon that celebrates Mafs 
 in the Chapel of St. Mary, the Prayer, 
 T)eus, qui Caritates, for their happy E- 
 ftates ; and the Colleft, Deuj, cui pro- 
 prittm, in the M-ifs for the Dead, at the 
 Altar of St. Michael, for ever, for the 
 Health of the Souls of Robert, and Ca- 
 tharine and Maud, his Wives, John 
 James and Chriftian his Wife, and all 
 the aforelaid Beiiefa&ors ; and alfo that 
 they had granted for the Souls afore- 
 laid, an Anniverfary of nine Leflbns, 
 viz- placebo & 1 dirige, 8cc. to be celebrated 
 once a Year for ever, on the Feaft of St. 
 Julian, or 6 Days after, and an efpe- 
 cial Participation of the Prayers, Falls, 
 and good Works of the Canons, that by 
 many Suffrages they may attain eternal 
 Life, &c. dated 19 Feb. 1438 ; forwhich 
 Services the aforefkid Edmund gave the 
 Abbot and Covent 5.0 Pounds. We have 
 a Lift of the Abbots, in Number 15, but 
 none of them of Note but Ro^er, who 
 was the I4th, and Suffragan of Salislury^ 
 and John Metfoe the I5th, who with hx 
 of the Canons fubfcribed to the Supre- 
 O o o a macy
 
 XFO R 1) SHIR E. 
 
 macy of King Henry VITI. and having 
 refigned their Abbey had ia/.' per Ann. 
 allowed him for Life. He was alive in 
 1553, near io Years after the Suppref- 
 on. The Abbey- Church after the Dif- 
 folution was in Part, viz. the Eafr-part, 
 bought by a rich Man of the Town, and 
 given to augment the Parifh Church ; it 
 coft him T4o/. There is a vulgar Tra- 
 dition here, that 
 
 fVittin the Sound of the great Bell 
 No Snake or Adder e'er fiaU dwelt. 
 
 And the Reafon given for it is, That 
 Birintts was (lung to Death with Snakes, 
 which to confirm, the oldeft Men of 
 the Place fay they never faw any ve- 
 nemous Creature within that Diftrift, 
 and have heard their Fathers (ay the 
 fame. This Abbey was valued at the 
 Suppreffion at zip/, \^s. Dug. Sp. 
 
 Ewelme, an Hofpital built by William 
 Ae la. Pole, Earl of Suffolk, with the 
 Concurrence of Alice his Wife, and a 
 Licenfe granted him by King Henry VI. 
 Reg. 15. fo to do, for two Chaplains, 
 and 13 poor Men, that they fhould be 
 a Body corporate, and that he might 
 endow the fame with one Hundred Marks 
 per Ann. This Hofpital was founded in 
 this Town, Anno 1448, and was called 
 God's Houfe. The Office of the two Priefts 
 was allotted them by the Founder thus, 
 the one to inftruft the Poor in religious 
 Duties, and the other to be a School- 
 matter to teach poor Children, and each 
 of them to have ten Pounds per Ann. the 
 Miniftcr to have fixteen Pence a Week, 
 and the other twelve a Shilling. It 
 was valued at the Sunprcflion at 20 /. per 
 Annum. 
 
 Eynfham, or Egnejham, a Benediftine 
 Monaftery, fituate upon the River 
 Thames, and founded and endowed by 
 one Allmer or Etbelmare^ Earl of Corn- 
 ;.?//, in the Reign of King Etbelred, who 
 confirmed the Lands given to it, and 
 granted divers Liberties and Privileges to 
 the fame, in the Year of our Lord 1005. 
 To this Houfc the Monaftery of Stow 
 Lintotoj which was-bui4t and endow- 
 
 ed by Godava, the Wife of LeofricJ;, Earl 
 of Mercla, before the Conqueft, was an- 
 nexed as a Cell. In the Year 1109, this 
 Monaftery being fallen into Decay, was 
 repaired by KingHewry I. who confirmed 
 to it at the fame Time all its Lands and 
 Liberties, which royal Favour might 
 probably be the Gaufe that it found fo 
 many Benefactors in Afcer-times ; for in 
 the fame Reign, Anno 21, Ralph Baffet 
 added one Monk to this Convent, giving 
 one Carucate of Land in Cbinolton in 
 Nottinghamflrire, and ten Oxen for his 
 Maintenance, which Land was Parcel 
 of his Manor of Coleftune, or Coljlon Baf- ' 
 fet hard by. Gilbert Bajfet, a Branch of 
 the fame Family, gave alfo about the 
 fame Time to if, two Parts of his Tithes 
 of Stratton in this Shire, as alfo the Tithes 
 of Wool and Cheefe throughout all his 
 Lands. He was a younger Son of Ralph 
 Bajfet, Juftice of England in that Kings 
 Reign. Reginald de St. JValerie^zlfo for 
 the Health of the Souls of King Henry II. 
 and Queen Eleanor, as alfo for the good 
 Eftate of himfelf and Bernard his Son, 
 gave the Churches of Tettbury and Legis. 
 Nigel D'Oiley alfo remitted to thefe 
 Monks one Hide of Land, which he held 
 of this Abbey, with the Confent of Ro- 
 bert Bloet, then Bifhop of Lincoln, giving 
 unto them three Hides and an half more, 
 lying in Milderumbs, for the Health of his 
 Soul, and the Souls of his Wife and 
 Children. Maud f he Emprefs alfo grant- 
 ed to thefe Monks the Church of Combe, 
 to which John de St John of Stanton was 
 Witnefs, who gave to the fame Monks 
 the Church of Stanton. Many other 
 Benefa&ors gave fmall Portions of Lands, 
 Tithes, Tenements, Mills, aad certain 
 Quantities of Corn to be paid yearly to 
 this Monaftery, of which the Prices are 
 very remarkable, as from the Manor of 
 Stokes in this County, Anno 1256, & 
 Quarters of Wheat, at 4 *. per Quarter ; 
 ii Quarters of Mifccllane, at i8-< per 
 Quarter ; 10 Quarters of Barley, at is. 
 per Quarter; 8 Quarters of Oats, at \^A. 
 per Quarter ; and after the fame Rate; 
 the like Quantities of Corn of Cherlberyt 
 Rerkcn, ficc. There is a Catalogue ex- 
 tant
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 477 
 
 IMit of the Abbots of this Manor, in land, releafed to every one of the faid 
 
 Number 18, of which thcfe are the moft Benefaftors one Year of 'enjoined Peuance, 
 
 remarkable, viz* Mllst Sa^y, the atfrh, and granted moreover a Remiffion of 40 
 
 who being Bifhop of Landaff, held this Days in every Year, to all thofe who 
 
 Abbey In Ccmmendam in 1500, and Antho- fhould in Devotion vifit the faid Church 
 
 m K'ltcFin, who . with his Prior, Sub- on the Day of St. f rife a the Virgin, 18 
 
 prior, and 13 Monks more, fubfcribed J-an. or on the Nativity of St. ^i&wBaptift. 
 
 .1 _ t/ :_-.',. C.-it~it>oTvio/-Tr anrl afr<rwarn T'ho I anHerhiTc unrpn wot-o r-nnfirme*A Kir 
 
 pror, an 1 , . . (. 
 
 to the King's Supremacy, and afterward The Lands thus given were confirmed by 
 
 th 
 
 tur'rendrcd the Abbey in 1539, upon the 
 Prowife of an Allowance of 1 3 5 /. 6s. 8 d. 
 per Ann. but being foon after made Bi- 
 fhop of Landafe, we fuppofe he quitted 
 it in 1545; he was alive in 1553. There, 
 is now nothing remaining of this Mona- 
 ftery, but fome Foundations, and a Gate- 
 howfe. Sir Henry Spelman, a zealous Ad- 
 vocate for the Church and all Church 
 
 King Stephen and by King Rjchard I. in 
 the firft Year of his Reign. 
 
 Fair Rofa'mund, the Daughter of Wal- 
 ter Lord Clifford, was a Nun of this 
 Houfe, and being equally witty and 
 chearful, as well as beautiful beyond Pa- 
 rallel, was the Delight of all the other 
 Nuns. But being tempted from her chafte 
 
 vocatc ior LUG v^ijui-i *-* " ~.,..w.. and . innocent Life, by King Henry II. 
 Lands relating the terrible Difafters that who was, tho' in other Rcfpeas a Prince 
 have often, and do ftill attend fuch as of great Virtues, yet an immoderate Lo- 
 have them impropri-.ted to them and their vcr of Women ; fhe left her Monaftery, 
 
 " . r -II .U \H 1.1 1 /-!/* 1 T 
 
 Families, mentions particularly the Mis- 
 fortunes of the'Owners of the Lands of 
 this Monaftery, who was firft Ixdomuk 
 Grew/, 'who had but two Sons, Lodvarkk 
 and Edward' Lodowrck by Chance fhot 
 his Brother, and himfelf having poifoned 
 a certain Perfon, was prefled to Death, 
 becaufe he would not plead. His Son 
 Edward was knighted, but was obliged to 
 fell this Abbey "to one Fijher a Skinner, 
 of London, whofe Son, Sir Edward Ftjher, 
 confumeci his "Eftare i and after he had 
 
 and threw her felf into his Embraces. 
 The King was very fond of her ; and 
 becaufe he found his Queen Eleanor 
 greatly difgufted at his Unfaithfulnefs to 
 her Bed, he built her an Houfe at Wood- 
 jtock, inclofed with a Labyrinth, which 
 had fo many Windings and Turnings, 
 that none could get to her, bur either 
 the King himfelf, or his Confidents. 
 Here fhe lived fome Years, and ufcd 
 now and then to vifit her Nunnery, 
 
 v.u:.iu. . where fhe met fometimes with proper 
 
 fold all, lived always in Fear of Bailiffs. Reproofs for her unchafte Living, which. 
 
 Sir Edward Grevil had a Son that broke fhe put off with fome pleafant, tho' no 
 
 his Leg going over a Stile, and died of Ways fatibfaftory Anfwer. At length 
 
 it. IliQcry of Sacrll. p. 128. This Monaftery the Nuns arguing with her, and talking 
 
 -.' 1-i.o niflolmion was valued at about Heaven and Hell, and tellirg her. 
 
 at 
 id. 
 
 at the' Diflblution was valued 
 441 /. 12 f. zd>^ per Ann. 411 /. \6f. 
 Speed ex Lei 
 
 Godjtow* a Priory ofBenedi&ive Nuns, 
 founded by a rich Widow, named Ue, 
 or Ed'itha, who became the firft Abbefs of 
 it Anno 1138. The Church of it was de- 
 dicated in the Honour of the Blefled Vir- 
 gin Mary, and St. John Eapttft, by Alex- 
 
 about Heaven , ..^ 
 
 in how great Danger fne was of falling 
 into the later, without a fincere Repen- 
 tance; flie replied, Tho' fhe was a Con- 
 cubine, fhe mould b fared. How fliall 
 we know that, faid they ? Why, faid 
 fhe, if that Tree (pointing to a Tree 
 before her, that had green Leaves on it) 
 
 gin Mary, au 01. j vu jj^puji., j "*" be turned into Stone after my Death, 
 ander, then Bifhop oi Lincoln, in the Pre- then {hall I have Life among the Saints 
 fence' of King Stephen and Maud his in Heax r en. And 'tis faid fhe gave the- 
 
 AI j ~f v;n,~~. f ame Anfwer feveral Times upon the 
 
 like Occafion. After her Death this 
 Thing came to pafs, and the Stone v. a 
 commonly fhewn to Strangers at 
 
 Maud his 
 
 Queen, with an Abundance of Bifhops, 
 Earls, Barons,, and others of the bcft 
 Quality, who all gave to the laid Church 
 at the fame Time fome Rents and En- 
 dowments ; whereupon Albetuas, Bifhop 
 > die Pope's. Legate., then in Eg- 
 
 " 
 
 till the Ilouie vas diffolved. 
 
 While
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 fhe continued in this her diflbr Reign of this King; 
 lute Life, contrary to her Parents Will, 
 
 47 3 
 
 and the good Education they had given 
 her, Queen Eleanor's Revenge grew eve- 
 ry Day more and more implacable and 
 watchlul ; fo that feeing Rofamund fitting 
 without her Bower to take the Air, and 
 bufy at Work, flie furioufly fallied out 
 upon her, and Rofamund flying, dropped 
 a Bottom of Silk from her Lap, by 
 
 which' the Queen being conduced thro* 
 all the Mazes of her Labyrinth, got to 
 her, and fo vented her Spleen upon her, 
 that fhe lived but a few Days after. 
 Some fay that fhe forced her to drink a 
 Cup of poifoned Wine, which was her 
 Death. Her Parents were ftili living, 
 and her Mother Magaret buried her in 
 the Middle of the Quire of the Church 
 here, the Abbefs and Nuns permitting it, 
 becaufe fhe had given them an hand- 
 fome Gratuity to pray for her after her 
 Death. Soon after her Burial, there 
 was a very handfome Tomb erected to 
 her Memory, and being covered with a 
 (ilken Pall, was fet about with Wax 
 Tapers continually burning, and fo con- 
 tinued for 1 4 Years. Her Parents were 
 very follicitous for her Soul as well as her 
 Body, and perfwaded Qilert Fttz-kugh (a 
 oreat Baron in Herefordshire, (the Confent 
 of King Henry being firft obtained) to 
 nve thcfe Nuns one Salt- work in Wide 
 called the Cow, belonging to his Manor 
 of Wicbehald, to pray for the Health of 
 the Soul of Rofamond ', Margaret her Mo- 
 ther lived not long after ; -and her Fa- 
 ther at his Death gave to thefe Nuns, 
 for the Health of the Souls of Margaret 
 
 .his Wife and Rofc.m nd his Daughter, his 
 Mill at Frampton, and a little Meadow 
 being near ir, called Lecbeton> in pure 
 
 .and^crpetual Alms. 
 
 Jrt this State Things remained all ths 
 
 but in the fir{| 
 
 Year of King Richard's Reign, Hugh, Bi- 
 ihop of Lincoln, (called in the Romijh 
 Kalendar St. Hugh") being a Man 
 of a very holy Life, made his primary 
 Vifitation ; and coming into Godjloiu 
 Church, obferved Rofamond's Tomb to 
 be had in great Veneration by the Nuns, 
 and inquiring whofe it was, the Nuns 
 anfwered, That it was Rofamund's, who 
 was fo dearly beloved by the late King 
 Henry, and for whofe fake he had been 
 a munificent Benefactor to their poor 
 Houfe, by giving them large Revenues 
 for the Maintenance of thofe Lights. 
 The good Bifliop hearing it,burft out in- 
 to a Fit of Zeal, and faid, Take her a- 
 way from hence, for flic was a Whore, 
 and the King's AffeCtions to here were 
 unlawful and adulterous, and bury her 
 out of the Church with the reft of the 
 People, to the End, tht by her Ex- 
 ample other Women may be terrified 
 from fuch vicious PraCtices. The Nuns 
 durft not gainfay the Biflaop's Injunction; 
 but being obliged, in Gratitude to her and 
 her Parents, and RefpcCi: to King Henry, 
 who had for her lake done extraordinary 
 Things for their Nunnery, to take Care 
 of her Body, they took her Bones, and 
 putting them into a perfumed Leather Bag, 
 wrapped them up in Lead, and buried 
 them in their Chapter-houfe, the ufual 
 Burial-place of the Nuns, under a fair 
 large Stone, with this Infcription, 
 TV ME A ROSAMVNDJE, which 
 remained to the DilTolution of the Mo- 
 naftery, (as Leland tells us) when it was 
 taken up. She was, after her Deceafe, 
 efteemed a true Penitent, and on that 
 Account faved ; whereupon there was a 
 Crofs ere&ed hard by 
 with this Infcription: 
 
 Qut meat bac, oret, jtgnumq', faJtrtes adoret. 
 TJtque Jibi detur veniam, Rofamunda precetur. 
 
 In Englljb thus : 
 
 Whoe'er thou art, that travelleft this way, 
 Worfhip our Saviour's Crofs, and after pray ; 
 That thou by Rofamunda's Interceflion, 
 Majeft be pardon 'd every Traufgrefiion. 
 
 The
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 479 
 
 The Family of the Witbants, who were Tower of the Church, and is about 
 Perfons many of them of great Note 
 
 and Diftinftion, were bountiful Bene- 
 faSors to this Nunnery ; for Robert de 
 Wttbam, in the Time of King Henry II. 
 having three Daughters Nuns at God- 
 fto-Wj gave them a large Houle called 
 Midley or Medley, between that and Ox- 
 ford, pkafantly fituated upon the River 
 Tbam&s, and having delighful Walks and 
 Gardens. The Nuns in the Summer- 
 time frequently retired thither to re- 
 create themfelves with Mirth and Paf- 
 times, and Rofamond often met them 
 there. Vincent de Witkam confirmed his 
 Father's Gift, and moreover beftowed on 
 them other Lands, becaufe he had alfo 
 two Daughters Nuns there. Some have 
 thought that Midley was a Religious 
 Houfe, becaufe the Nuns were fo often 
 there, but we conceive it to be a Mi- 
 ftake, becaufe we find not lb much as a 
 eonfecrared Oratory in it, but only a 
 Room let apart for their private De- 
 votion. Reginald de St. Walerie, was alfo 
 a great Benefa&or to thefe Nuns; for 
 he gave them a Mill at Walvercctt, as 
 alfo a Were called Kinlefwere ; likewifc 
 cerjain Meadows called Heringtjbam, 
 Boteham and Licbefey, with an Ifland ly- 
 
 Yards in Length, and about 8 and an 
 half in Breath ; near it was the Libra- 
 ry, as fome of our Antiquaries fuppofe. 
 (3.) The Granary or Barn belonging to 
 the Nunnery ; over the Door is the 
 Head of a Man with a Mitre on, fuppo- 
 fcd to be the Head of Hugh Bifhop of 
 Lincoln, who built it. The Threfhers in 
 this Barn in King Edward Illd's Days, 
 (our Hiftorics teli us) had no more than 
 Pence Half-penny for threfhing a 
 
 two 
 
 Quarter of Wheat or Rye ; three Half- 
 pence for a Quarter of Barley or Oats, 
 which was the Price then given in other 
 Places, and continued for fome Years 
 after. 
 
 We have a Lift of the Abbefles of this 
 Nunnery, from Editba the firll Founder 
 of it, bein^ in Number ir, but nothing 
 memorable of any of them, except Ca-~ 
 tharine Buk'ey, or Buekly, who was the 
 laft Abbefs, and was driven, like others 
 of that Time, to furrenderher Houfe by 
 ill Ufage, to avoid being turned out by 
 Force. She refolutely withftood Dr. 
 London, and told him me would not yield 
 up her Place, till fhe faw the King's or 
 the Lord Cromwell's Order for her fo to 
 do ;.and the Gentry of Oxfordfiire earneftly 
 
 ing between the two Bridges, and half petitioned the King to fparc this Nunnery, 
 the Meadow called Lambey. The Nuns becaufe molt of their Dauhters were 
 
 bred 
 
 here had a common Library for their 
 Ufe, well furniihed wirh Books, moll of 
 them Enpjijh, and divers of them hifto- 
 rical. The Lives of holy Men and Wo- 
 men, efpecially thefe later, were curi- 
 oufly written on Vellum, (for Printing 
 was not known) and many Illuminations 
 appeared throughout, that the Nuns 
 might be 'more eafily drawn to follow 
 their Examples ; for which Reafon alfo 
 feveral facred Stories were painted in 
 their Church, more than in any other 
 Church or Chapel. 
 
 Several Parts of this Nunnery are yet 
 ftanding, viz. (i.) Some Remains of the 
 Cloifters, which ihew that they were ad- 
 orned with fine Paintings and Senten- 
 ces of Scripture, written with large 
 Letters. (2.) A fmall Chapel on the 
 South-fide of what is {landing of the 
 
 3 
 
 up in it, and nothing unbecoming 
 their Profeffion could be laid to their 
 Charge ; yet all was ineffectual, their 
 Revenues were fo confiderable, that ic 
 muft be fuppreffed ; for the Valuation of 
 it was 2 74 /. 5 j. 10 d. i Dug. 3197. l8j. 
 Sd. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 Goring, a Benedittine Nunnery, dedica- 
 ted to St. Mary, mentioned by Mr. Speed 
 from Leland, without any Name of the 
 Founder or Benefactors, valued at^the- 
 Suppreflion at 60 /. 5 /. 5 d. per Ann. 
 
 Littlemore, or Lidmore, a Benedi&ine 
 Nunnery, dedicated to St. Nicfolas, and 
 founded by fome of the Royal Predeccf- 
 fors of King Henry III. Roger de Thoens t 
 Roger di Sanford, and Thomas Bujbcel, 
 (whofe Deed bears Date 1^54, 8 Henry 
 III.) ?ave Lands to the Church of Sr, 
 Nicholas ad Priory of Nuns here. Ro-
 
 480 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 Abbot of A'oingdon, and Benjamin, Thomas de St. Waline fucceeded his Fa- 
 ther, and was by Inheritance Patron of 
 this Nunnery ; but having given fome 
 Offence to King Richard I. (how is not 
 known) his Lands were all feised by that 
 King, and confequently the Patronage of 
 this Houfe came to the Crown, where- 
 
 Reftor of the Church of St. Nicholas, 
 .granted and confirmed to them certain 
 Tithes. Roger da Quincy, Earl of Win- 
 ton, and Conftable of Scotland, releafed 
 to them their Suit to his Court. Pope 
 Innocent IV. in the fccorid Year of his 
 
 Pontificate, releafed ten Days of injoined upon King Richard II. in the firft Year 
 Penance to all fuch of the Diocefes of of his Reign, upon the Death of Marge- 
 Ely and Salisbury, who being pe- ,-y the laft Priorefa, confirmed the Elec- 
 
 coin. It was valued at the Suppreflion at 
 82 /. 4/. 4d.*,.Dug. lozl. 6s. 7 d. \, 
 Speed. 
 
 Thame, or Tame, an Abbey of Cijler* 
 tian Monks, founded Anno 1138, at 0^ 
 
 to George Ovten, Efq; in Ex- tendun on Otmore, as is obferved there, 
 
 and endowed by Sir Robert Gait, Knr. 
 
 Parfonage and Hamlets thereunto who furnimed it with Monks from Wa- 
 
 verley. Bifliop God-win de Prxfuf AngL 
 
 'iiitent, and confeflcd, fhould contribute tion of Elizabeth Fremantal, the Sub- 
 .and affift to the Re-edifying of the priorefs, into the Office of Priorefs, and 
 Church of this Priory. This Nunnery fignified the fame to the Bifliop of Lin- 
 at the Diflbhition was valued at 33 /. 6s. 
 Sd. Speed ex Lei. The Site and Demefne 
 of this Priory, with divers Lands, Ma- 
 nors, Tenements, Tithes, &c. thereunto 
 belonging, were made over by King 
 Henry VIII 
 
 .change for the Manor of Charlbury, with 
 the Parfonage and Hamlets thereunto 
 
 belonging, 38 Hen. VIII. j t - -~ -- 
 
 Sandfcrd* or Sandelford, a Priory of from Newirigenps, tells us, that Alexan- 
 Bcneditfine Monks, (placed by Sir William der Bifhop of Lincoln, was the Founder 
 Di'.gdak by Miftake, in BerkJIrire) of which of this Monaftery, and Speed out of Le- 
 the Founder and Dedication is unknown, land concurs with him, tho* he only 
 jFeffry Earl of ferche (Per//V/) in France, removed it from Ottendun. 'Tis poflible 
 gave to the Car.ons of Sandelfofd divers both might deferve that Name in fome 
 Lands and Rents, which Stephen Lanvtcn, Meafure, for their contributing fo libe- 
 Archbifliop of Canterbury, Primate of all rally to the Buildings and Endowments. 
 England, and Cardinal of the holy Ro- Their Eftate was confirmed to them by 
 man Church, confirmed to them. King King Henry II. in the eleventh Year of 
 
 Edward I. in the twcnry-firlt Year of his 
 Reign, granted to the Prior and Con- 
 
 his Reign, and by King Edward II. in 
 the tenth Year of his Reign. 'Twas very 
 
 <vcnt of this Houfe free Warren in all their confiderable for thofe Times, being va- 
 demefne Lands. Saiherus de St. Andrea, lued at the Suppreflion at z$61. iq/. id. I 
 God and the 
 
 granted to 
 of St. Ni-Mas 
 
 at .Sandfard, 
 
 Church 
 and the 
 
 per Ann. Dug. Speed ex Lei. Godsv. 
 
 Wroxton, or Wrokejton, a Monaftery of 
 
 fcr 
 mere 
 
 Nuns there, a Rent of five Shillings Canons Regular of St. Autritftin^ founded 
 
 -' ;T "" by Magifter .Mlfaael Belet, (fo called 
 commonly, for his Profeflion of the 
 
 Stolely, a Benedictine Nunnery, .dcdica- Civil or Canon Law) for the Health of 
 Jed to St. JWaryj founded and endowed by the Souls of King Richard I. and King 
 
 'fotnt 
 
 Bernard de St. Waleric, with the.Confent of 
 Annora his \Vifc, and Son Thomas. He 
 pave Power to the Nuns upon the Vacan- 
 cy of the Priorefs, to choofe another 
 with the Aflcnt of the Patron, .or his 
 Steward. R'uhard, King of the Romans, 
 Jtdmund Earl of Corn-wall, and Godfrey de 
 were Benefactors to them, 
 
 as alfo for the Health of his own 
 Soul, and rhe Souls of Michael his Fa- 
 ther, and Erume his Mother, John, Wil- 
 liam, Bogo, Robert, Adam, Harvey and 
 Eufiace his Brethren ; and of Emme, An- 
 Kora, and Raft, his Sifters. He endowed 
 it with his Manors of Wroxtcn, in whi:h 
 it ftoodj ar.d Thorp near Rowett in, 
 
 Ni.rti>-
 
 XF RT> SHIR E. 
 
 4 fl 
 
 vhich Eftates King It was found at -<he Supprefllon to 
 Henry III. confirmed to it, and more- be worth 78 /. 13^. 4^, per Annum. 
 over added the Liberties of Sac, Soc t Dud. ;S/. 14*. 3 d. St. 
 
 MARTYRS o 
 
 W//4>n Swinderby, Prieft of the Dio- 
 cefe of Lincoln, in which this 
 County then was, one of the firft that 
 fell into Troubles upon the Account of 
 WickJiffe'3 Do&rines, upon this Occafion : 
 The Followers of Wtckllffe were grown 
 very numerous in and about Oxford efpe- 
 cially, and from thence were fpread fo 
 thick all over the Nation, that it gave 
 great Offence, not only to the Eccleft- 
 afticks, but to the Nobles andCommons > 
 who had any Love of the Religion e- 
 ftabliihed; which was much increafed by 
 the imprudent Zeal of the JYicklffians 
 themfelves, who fet up publickly on the 
 Church-doors of St. Paul's in London and 
 WeftmiJler, certain Writings containing 
 fome foul Accufations or the Popifh, 
 Clergy, and certain Conclufions againft 
 theHierarchy andUfe of the Sacraments, 
 the Vices of Monks and falfe Do&rines. 
 This being done in the Diocefe of Lon- 
 don, the Bifhop thereof, with the Arch- 
 bifliop of York, and fome others of the 
 Clergy, acquainted the King with it, and 
 the Parliament being met foon after, it 
 was commanded that the Archbifhops 
 and Bifliops iriould, for the future, ex- 
 ecute their Office, according to the Ca- 
 non Law, more feverely and zealoufly 
 correft Offenders, root out Errors with 
 all their Endeavours, and fo bring the 
 People inro an Unity in the right Faith. 
 .By the Authority of this Commifiion the 
 Archbifriop of Canterbury, in his Vifita- 
 tiou, excommunicated all the Favourers 
 of WickKff* and his Doftrines ; and Mr. 
 Swinderhy having preached at Wttney, fe- 
 veral of them were apprehended and im- 
 prifoned, being charged with divers Ar- 
 
 ticles erroneous and heretical, as they 
 were then efteemcd, viz> That no Pre- 
 late having Cure of Souls, being in dead- 
 ly Sin, can do any Thing in aflbiJing or 
 binding a Sinner ; That afcer the Sacra- 
 mental Words faid of the Prieft, having In- 
 tention of Confecration, the Sacrament is 
 not Chrift's very Body ; That every Prieft 
 may aflbil him that finneth, Contrition 
 had ; and notwithftanding the Forbid- 
 dings of theBifliop,is holden to preach to 
 the People "the Gofpel; That a Prielfc 
 taking any Thing by Covenant for 
 Mafles, Baptifm, Preaching, grv. doth 
 Simony; That all outward Confeflion is 
 fuperfluous ; That it is not in the Pope's 
 Power -to- grant any Man, upon his do- 
 ing Penance, Remiflion from the Pain 
 or Blame of his Sin ; That no Man may 
 lawfully worfhip the Images of Chrift, 
 or his Mother, or any of the Saints, 
 and fuch as do it are guilty of Idolatry, 
 &*c. For thefe Doctrines he was long 
 vexed and troubled, and thro* Fear of 
 Death, was frighted into a Recantation - y 
 but foon after relapfed, and was condemn- 
 ed as an Heretick to futfer, which he 
 efcaped for a Time, by appealing from 
 the Bi/hop's Sentence to the King himfelf. 
 What Succefs his Petition had, we find 
 not ; but fo long as King Richard II. 
 lived, 'tis certain no further PunifhmenB 
 was infli&ed on him ; but upon the Set- 
 tlement of King Henry IV. upon the 
 Throne, the Parliament then fitting at 
 Lpnden, it was enacted, That the Fa- 
 vourers of Wickliffe fhould be apprehend- 
 ed, and if they obftihately perfevered 
 in his^Doftrines, fliould be delivered to 
 the Bifliop, and from him be conunittedL 
 P P P to
 
 X F OR T> S H IRE. 
 
 to the Con-eft ion*bf the fecular Magi- 
 ftrate. This Law (fays the Hiftorian) 
 brought a certain Prieti to Punilhment 
 the lame Year, who was burned in Smltb- 
 feU; his Name is not mentioned indeed; 
 but Mr. Fox faith, that by divcrs_ Con- 
 iedures, he was perfwaded that ic was 
 Mr. Swindcrby, who was not difmiflcd 
 from the Bifhop's Sentence. About the 
 fame Time divers others in Oxf.rd, and 
 the Places adjacent, were perlecuted as 
 Favourers of Wicklffi's Do&rine, the 
 Vice-chancellor William Barton, who cal- 
 ling together eight monaftical Doftors, 
 and four others, with the reft of the 
 Affinity, having fet forth an Edit, 
 which they confirmed with the Univer- 
 jfity Seal, threatning every Man, under 
 grievous Penalties, if they aifembled 
 themfelves with any of Wi:kliffe\ Fa- 
 vourers and his Followers, unlefs after 
 three Days canonical Admonition", they 
 did repent and return to the Church ; 
 and among the Sufferers in this Kind in 
 this County, we have 
 
 John Afoton, a Mafter of Arts, who 
 being taken and examined concerning 
 the Lord's Supper confelTed that the 
 Bread, by the Sacramental Words, was 
 the very fame Body of Chrift in Number, 
 which was born of the Virgin Mary, yet 
 becaufe he did not anfwer (Imply, ac- 
 cordirg to Papal Traditions, as touch- 
 ing thcSubjeft and Accident of tranfmu- 
 ting the Subftance of the Bread ; he was 
 committed to the fecular Powers, and 
 *iied in Prifon. Many others were much 
 troubled for holding the fame Doc- 
 trines, as 
 
 John Afawarby, Vicar of St. Michael's 
 3JQ Oxford. 
 
 Peter Paine, who was forced to fly 
 from Oxford into Bohemia, to fecurehim- 
 felf, where lie ftoutly contended with 
 
 made to recant at St. Paul's Crofs, by 
 Antndel Archbimopof Canterbury, arid one 
 and twenty Years after was taken and 
 imprifoned by Archbifllop Chichehy ; 
 and 
 
 Walt>>,' Brute, a graduated Lay- man of 
 this Univcriity. and a Companion of 
 William Sivix derby's, who being appre- 
 hended as an Heretick, .was accufed of, 
 and condemned for thefc Articles, viz. 
 That he aflerted that William Swinderby 
 was unjaftly condemned ; That in the 
 Sacrament of the Alrar, the very Bread 
 and the Subftance thereof do remain' af- 
 ter the Confecration, and that there are 
 no Accidents without a Subftance; That 
 the Pope is the very Anti-Chrift, becaufe 
 in his Life and Manners he is contrary 
 to the Laws, Do&rines and Deeds 
 ot Ciirift ; That no Man may excommu- 
 nicate any other, unlefs he knows him 
 to be excommunicated of God ; That eve- 
 ry Prieft may abfolve any Sinner that 
 is truly contrite, and is bound to preach 
 the Gofpcl unto the People, notwith- 
 ftanding any Prohibition of the Bifhops ; 
 That all vocal Confcflion is fuperfluous, 
 and not requifite to Salvation, and ma- 
 ny other Aflertions contrary to the Po- 
 pifh Doftrines, both then and ftill taught, 
 being in Number 37, to which he made 
 a long Anfwer, but no ways fatisfa&ory 
 to his Judges, who therefore obliged him 
 to recant, and fubmit to the Judgment of 
 Holy Church, and fo for the prefcnt he 
 efcaped. What became of him after- 
 wards, we know not. 
 
 lYiUiam Tindal of Magdalen hall in 
 Oxford, where he not only took his De 
 grces, but being very learned and ftu- 
 dious, much addi&ed himfelf to the 
 Reading of the Scriptures, in which 
 having much profited, he read privately 
 to the Students and Fellows upon fuch 
 
 the Sophiftcrs of thofe Times about the Points of Divinity as were moft edifying 
 Sacrament in both Kinds, and the Civil and faving. From the Univerfity he 
 Dominion of the Clergy. He died at removed to one Mr. Welche's in Ghcejter- 
 Prapue in 1455. % Jbire, to be School-matter to his Chil- 
 
 Jekn Purvey, who being accufed of 
 Hcrefy at Oxjord, was, with Nicholas Kar- 
 Jord, Doftor of Divinity, grievonfly tor- 
 
 mented in the Prifon of Saltwood, and 
 
 drsn, where living at an hofpiuble Ta- 
 ble, he often met with Abbots, Deans, 
 Arch-deacons, and other Dotors, whom in 
 difcourfe about ChurchMatf crs,he thought 
 
 him-
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 483 
 
 himfelf obliged to oppofe for the fake of ed it railed great Difturbances, the Cler- 
 
 Scripture and Truth. Hi* Difputes were gy declaimed againfPit, and faid there 
 
 born with for a Time, as either Table- were a thoufand Hercfies in it, and that 
 
 talk, or for Difputation-fake ; but at therefore it ought to be fupprefled ; o- 
 
 len^ th finding that Mr. Tindal was zea- thers afiertcd, that it was importable to 
 
 loi\s in condemning the Romijh Errors, tranflate the Scriptures into Englijl) ; or 
 
 and maintaining the Truth contrary to if that could be done, it was not lawful 
 
 them, alledging Scripture for his uncon- for the Lay-people to have it in their 
 
 trolable Voucher, as they were in gene- Mother-tongue, becaufe it would make 
 
 ral much difplcaied with him ; fo one of them all Hereticks, and ftir them up to 
 
 their great Doctors being one Day pref- rebel againft their King. But thefe 
 
 fed with his Arguments, faid, That we were but the Clamours of the inferior 
 
 had better be without God's Laws. than 
 the Pope's. This Speech fo provoked 
 Mr. Tifidal, that he laid, He defied the 
 
 Clergy and Bigots, the Bifliops and 
 higher Powers being incenfed and iri- 
 liamed, not at the Scripture, but at the 
 
 Pope and all his Laws ; and told him Defign of the Translator, who was a- 
 
 farther, That if God fpared his Life, in bout curing the Blindnefs of the People, 
 
 a few Years, he would caufc a Boy that fct their Heads together, i. To fupprefs 
 
 driveth the Plough, to know more of the the Tranflation, and, 2. To deftroy the 
 
 Scripture than he did. This Zeal for Author. To effet the former of thefe, 
 
 the Truth ftirred him up many Ene- they inceflantly befought the King 
 
 mies, who having given it out concern- (Henry VIII.) to iflfue out his Proclama- 
 
 ing him, That he was an Heretick in tion, inhibiting all Perfons whadbever, 
 
 So'phiftry, Logick and Divinity ; he knew either to have, or read Tind.rfs Tranfla- 
 
 he could nor be fafc in his prefent Habi- tion, or any Works of his or others, 
 
 tution, and therefore taking Leave of And to bring about the other, they 
 
 Mr. Welch, his kind Patron, he went joined with Sir Thomas More, then Lord 
 
 up to L.wdon ', but the fame Fears ftill Chancellor, to examine all Perfons that 
 
 haunting kirn, he went into' Germany, came before him, and had been cpnver- 
 
 and after he had been a while in Sax- fant in Antwerp, of the Places adjoining 
 
 ;ry, where he converfcd with Luther, he about Mr. Tmdal, where he lodged, 
 
 came into the Netherlands, and fettled at whereabout the Houfe flood ; what was 
 
 Antwerp. While he was here, he often his Stature; and how he was apparelled, 
 
 thought of the miferable Deception of by which Marks having fufficient Knoiv- 
 
 the People of his own Nation, for want ledge of him to find him out, they fent 
 
 of the Knowledge of Scripture; and af- over one Henry Philips, with a Servant 
 
 ter many Thoughts about it, refolved with him, as if he had been a Gentle- 
 that the only efte&ual Way of healing 
 all thefe Mifchiefs, was to tranflate the 
 holy Scriptures into fuch a Language 
 as was generally underftood; for then all 
 the grofs Superititions and Idolatries 
 upheld in the Church, would fo noto- 
 rioufly appear, that the wileft, if not 
 the grcateil Part of the Nation would 
 abhor and forfake them. From thefe 
 Conliderations he was induced to under- 
 
 man to fojourn at Antwerp, who infinu- 
 ating himfelf into Mr. Tint's Acquain- 
 tance, betrayed him to the Emperor's 
 Procurator General, by whom hs was 
 fent to the Caftle of Tllord, and kept 
 there till he was put to Death, by being 
 firft ftrangled by the common Hangman, 
 and then burnt near the Caftlc, An<t 
 
 take the Tranflation of the New Tefta- 
 ment, which he finifhed in 152.7, and 
 then proceeded to tranflate the Old, in 
 which he was aflSftcd for a Time by 
 Mr. Miles Coverdale. When it was print- 
 
 One Cawlrldge, a Perfon at lead not 
 in his right Senfes, if not perfe&ly mad, 
 as was Mr. Collins, who was burnt in 
 Smiihfalci the fame Year, for lifting up 
 his Dog above his Head, in Imitation of 
 the Pnefts Exaltation of the Hoft. He 
 P p p z \vas
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 condemned ^ Dr. LoHgl.znd, then 
 Eifhop of Lincoln, and burnt at Oxford: 
 What were the Opinions and Articles 
 charged upon him, and condemned in 
 him For Herefy, is not material for us to 
 recount ; for no Wonder it can be for 
 Mad-men to utter wild and extrava- 
 
 fant Opinions. One would think fuch a 
 erfon, if he fpake hereticatty, mould 
 be pitied rather than puniflied , and if 
 it had been thought fit by Govennors to 
 have him out of the way, ir was properer 
 to put him into Bedlam than burn him ; 
 "but either the Bifhop, or rather his fiery 
 Officers^ did not, or would not fee his 
 Weaknefs. Herefy muft not be fpared, 
 tho' in Perfbns that know neither Good 
 nor Evil, Truth from Falfehood ; where- 
 fore he was committed to the Fire, in 
 v-hich he Shewed fo much of a pious 
 Senfe, that lifting up his Face to Hea- 
 ven, he foberly and devoutly called up- 
 on the Lord Jefus, and fo departed. 
 
 Thomas Garret, or Gerhard, Curate of 
 L)ney-Lae in London, who tho' he was 
 !>urnt in Smlthfeld with Dr. Barries and 
 William Jerom, yet his Sufferings being 
 at Oxford chiefly, he was properly e- 
 nough to be mention'd as a Martyr of 
 this Shire. His Crime was, that he car- 
 Tied Tindafs Tranflation of the New 
 Teftament in Englifi, with divers Latin 
 Treatifes, as "Unto diffidentium, &c. and 
 fold them to the Scholars there. This 
 being known to Cardinal Wolfey, the Bi- 
 $hop of London, and other chief Church- 
 men, they lent their Officers to Oxford 
 to make a privy Search thro' the Uhi- 
 rerfity and Town to imprifon him, and 
 punifh him, and burn his Books, as ma- 
 ny as they could find of them. One Mr. 
 Cote the Pro&or, who was Mr. Garret s 
 Friend, having Notice of the Defign of 
 Searching, gave him Warning of it, and 
 advifed him forthwith to leave the Place. 
 Mr. Garret accordingly departed, and 
 went towards Dorfttfiire ; but coming 
 fcack again to Oxford up*n fome Occa- 
 flon, he was taken in the Search, and 
 committed to the Cviftody of Dr. Cotes- 
 jard, Matter of Lincoln College, who was 
 liuen Commiffary, who locked him up 
 
 3 
 
 in a Chamber as his Prifoner ; Mr. G*r- 
 ret, while the Do&or was at Evenfong, 
 flipt the Lock, and efcaped to Mr. De- 
 labar at Glocejler-hail, who being one of 
 the Brethren, furnilhed him with Things 
 neceflary for his fecond Efcape, and with 
 Prayers fent htm away; but Mr. Garret 
 was taken at Hinkley, a few Miles from 
 Oxford, two or three Days after, and in 
 the mean Time Mr. Delabar being exa- 
 mined about Mr. Garret's Coming to him, 
 and blamed for receiving him, was con- 
 fined and put in the Stocks at the Com- 
 milTary's Lodgings. But Mr. Grtw?*was 
 more feverely dealt vrith ; for after fome 
 Days Imprifonmenr, he was convened 
 before the Commiflary Dr. Ltndon and 
 others, and being conviSed of Herefy, 
 (as they called it) was compelled to car- 
 ry a Faget in open Proceffion, from St. 
 Mary's Church to St. Trtdeft^dts, (now 
 called Chrl ft- CburcF) and Mr. Defabar with 
 him. Several others who were fufpe&ed 
 of Herefy, fuflfered at the fame Time, 
 as Mr. John Clarke, who died in Prifon, 
 and could not be fuffered to receive the 
 Communion, and therefore comforted his 
 departing Soul with thefe Words, Crede 
 &P mAnducAfti. Mr. Sttmners, Air. Betts, 
 Mr. Udal, Mr. Diet, &c. who being 
 taken into the Proceflion, -were forced, 
 in Token of their Repentance, and re- 
 nouncing their Errors,, to caft one of their- 
 Books into the Fire,, made at the End, 
 of Carfax on Purpofe, as they paffcd a- 
 long : Mr. Garret was now releafed, but. 
 rclapfing, was taken and burnt as is a- 
 bove fa id. 
 
 Thomas Barnard and James Morten 
 were burned by Dr. Longland Bifhop of" 
 Lincoln, upon the fame Day, the one for 
 teaching the Lord's Prayer in Englijb, 
 and the other for having by him the E- 
 piftle of St. jfames translated into Eng- 
 HJI). In Oxford alfo, much about the 
 fame Time. one Mr. Barber, a Alafter f 
 Arts of theUniverfity, a Man excellent- 
 ly well learned, was forced to recant. 
 He being fummoncd up to Lambeth be- 
 fore Archbifhop Cranmer, was in his Ex- 
 amination fo ftout in the Caufe of the- 
 Sacrament, and fo learnedly defended 
 
 himfelf
 
 X F R T> S H IE. E. 
 
 himfelf therein, that neither Cranmer 
 himfelf, nor any there prefcnt, could 
 anfwer his Allegations, which he brought 
 outof AugujUn, but were all taken with 
 much Admiration at his ready and per- 
 tinent Quotation of that Father. Not- 
 withftanding, as the Times then were, 
 for fear of incurring the Penalties of the 
 fix Articles, then mod ftri&ly urged 
 upon every Man, they durft not acquit 
 him, but caufed him to recant at Oxford, 
 which he did not long furvive ; for he ne- 
 ver profpered after it, but wore away. 
 
 Mr. JMalary, a Matter of Arts of Cam- 
 bridge, was, about the tame Time, and 
 for the like Opinions, brought to his 
 Recantation at Oxford, that he might be 
 a Terror to this Univerfity ; and for the 
 greater Solemnity, he was obliged to do 
 it at St. Mary's upon a Sunday, ftanding 
 with a Fagot upon his Shoulders before 
 the Preacher (who at that Time was Dr. 
 Smith the Divinity Reader); the Church 
 was exceedingly thronged with Scholars 
 and Citizens, as is ufual upon fuch Oc- 
 cafions, and there happening a Chimney 
 to be on Fire without, one Hezvjler cried 
 out Fire, Fire, which being heard in the 
 Church, caufcd fuch an Hurly-burly 
 through a Suppofition, that the Hereticks 
 had fet the Church on Fire to free one 
 of their Brethren, that every one made 
 hafte to efcape, and many crowding to 
 get out at the Doors were terribly bruifed 
 'and crufhed to Death. Among others, 
 a Boy being got upon a Door to fave 
 himfelf, conveyed himfelf into a Monk's 
 Cowl, hoping thereby to be carried out, 
 as indeed he was ; but the Monk not 
 knowing if, and feeling it heavy, began 
 to exercife the evil Spirit, as he thought 
 in his Hood, faying, In the Name of 
 God, and all Saints, I command theeto 
 declare what thou art behind my Back; 
 the Boy anfwered, I am Bertram's- Boy, 
 but the Monk ft.il! fuppofing it an evil 
 Spirit, went on, and faid, I adjure thee 
 in the Name of the infeparable Trinity, 
 that thou tell me whence thou art, and 
 get thee hence ; to whom the Boy re- 
 ply *d, I am Bertram's Boy, good Matter 
 let me go : By this Time'tbe Monk was 
 eome to himfelf, and knowing the Mat- 
 
 ter, let the Boy go. As for M^il-try, ci 
 ther he could not, or would not get a- 
 way ; and therefore the next Day was 
 brought to his plenary Recantation in 
 St. fridefwidei Church, which, having 
 performed, he was difmifled. 
 
 Nicholas Riddsy, D. D. and Bifhop of 
 London, in King Edward Vlth's Reign, 
 was firft taken up as aa Heretick, and 
 imprifoned in the Towe? of London with 
 Archbifhop Cranmer and Bifliop Latlmer t 
 where he was encountred by Dean Feck" 
 enbam and others, and from thence was 
 fent down to Oxford with them, to dif- 
 pute with tome feied Do&ors of both 
 Univerfities, in Order to confute them 
 of rhcir Errors, and clear up the Truth, 
 in the Face of that Univerfity. They 
 were put under Cdnfinement in feveral 
 Places, and in a few Days after brought 
 to the Schools, to difpute upon thefe two 
 Q^iettions, viz. Whether after the Words, 
 of Confecration are pronounced by the 
 Prieft, the natural Body of Chrift is 
 really in the Sacrament ? z/ Whether 
 after the faid Words of Confecration. 
 there is in the Eucharift any other Sub- 
 ftance than that of the Flefh and Blood 
 of Chrift remaining ? In the Difputation 
 the Prifoncrs maintained, That the true 
 and natural Body of Chrift, after the 
 Confecration by the Prieft, is not real- 
 ly prefent in the Sacrament of the Altar, 
 but that the Subftance of the Bread and 
 Wine did ftill remain; and that the Sa- 
 crifice of the Mafs is no'propitiatory Sa- 
 crifice for the Quick and Dead ; but 
 becaufe what is ailerted in Difputation 
 may not be juftly charged upon learned 
 Men as their own Opinions, or hereti- 
 cal, therefore in order to their Con- 
 demnation, certain Perfonswere commil- 
 fioned by Cardinal Pole, the Pope's Le- 
 gate a Later*, to examine them, as 
 being accufed to* have often aflerted 
 them, and take their Anfwers; and 
 Ridley was firft examined, who having 
 renounced all Obedience to the Cardinali, 
 as aHng by the Pope's Power, anfwered 
 thus to the faid Que ft ions c In the Sacra- 
 ment of the Altar is the natural Body 
 and Blood of Chrift, verg &> realiter, i.e 
 indeed, and really, if we uader&md the 
 
 Wtfkfe
 
 XFO R <D SHIR. E. 
 
 \f 
 
 Words fpiritnally by Grace and Effica- to be examined upon the fame Que- 
 
 v ^ t* . 1 ** /!_._ J __ _ . 1_ ' A /* 1 ^ 
 
 cy ; for Ib every worthy Receiver re- 
 ceiveth the very true Body of Chrift ; 
 
 ftions, and gave his Anfwers in the fame 
 Senfe, and almoft in the fame Words, 
 
 but if by really and indeed be meant, as Dr. Ridley had done, but was not 
 
 that a lively and moveable Body is in- 
 
 eluded under the Forms of Bread and 
 
 "Wine, then in that Senfe Chrift's Body 
 
 is not really and indeed in the Sacra- 
 
 ment. 2,. That in the Sacrament there 
 
 is a certain Change in this; that the 
 
 Bread, which before was common, is by 
 
 Confecration made a lively Reprefenta- 
 
 treated with the fame Refpeft, becaufe 
 it was faid, he never had taken the 
 Degree of Doftor, as Ridley had. The 
 Bifhopof Lincoln after this, gave him the 
 fame Advice to recant his erroneous CD- 
 pinions, and fubmit to the Judgment 'of 
 the Cathqlick Church ; but Mr. Latimer 
 anfwered, he neither could nor would 
 
 Fi 
 
 
 but 
 
 tion of Chrift's Body, and not only a deny his Mailer Chrift and his Truth ; 
 
 upon which the Bifhop dcfired him to 
 liften to him, which he readily did, 
 expe&ing fome new Matter, but the 
 Bifhop only read his Condemnation. Air. 
 Latimer asked him, whether it was not 
 
 effe&ually reprefenteth 
 Chrift s Body. This is no fmall Repre- 
 fentation, but fuch a Change as no 
 mortal Man can make, but the Omnipo- 
 tence of Chrift's Word only; but not- 
 
 withstanding this Mutation all the Doc- lawful for him to appeal from his Judg- 
 
 tors confefs, that the true Nature and 
 Subftance of the Bread and Wine re- 
 inaineth, with which the Body is in like 
 Manner nourished, as the Soul is by 
 
 ment ? And the Bifhop asked him to 
 whom he would appeal? he reply'd, to 
 the next general Council, which fhall 
 be lawfully called in God's Name ; the 
 
 Grace and Spirit with the Body of Chrift. Bifaop was contented with this Appeal ; 
 
 but faid it would be long before fuch 
 an Aflembly would meet, and then 
 committed him to the Keeping of Mr. 
 Irijb, then Mayor of Oxford, as he had 
 Dr. Ridley. Here they both lay fome 
 
 Thefe Anfwers being given to the two 
 firff Queftions, his Anfwer to the third 
 was demanded, which he thus gave, 
 3. Chrift, as St. faul \vriteth, made one 
 erfeft Sacrifice for the Sins of the whole 
 
 World, nor can his Sacrifice be repeat- Time, and on the i5fh of Oftober 1557, 
 
 cd. The Sacrament is a Sacrifice of were again offered the Queen's Mercy, 
 
 Praife and Tha"nkfgiving acceptable to if they would recant, by the Bifhop of 
 
 God ; bur to fay that our Sins are by it Glocejler, Vice-chanaellor, Dr. 
 
 taken away, (which is done by Chrift's and others, deputed for that Purpole, who 
 
 feeing it refufed, degraded them, and de- 
 livered them over to the fecular Power. 
 The next Day was appointed for their Ex- 
 ecufion ; and the Lord Williams of Thame 
 was commanded by the Queen to attend 
 it, with certain of the Citizens in Arms, 
 
 Paflion alone) is a great Derogation to 
 Chritt's Merits ; and in Effe& declares 
 that Chrift died in vain. After this Ex- 
 amination Dr. Ridley was committed to 
 the Keeping of the Mayor ; and being 
 called the next Dny before the Com- 
 
 miflioners at St. Jtdary's, the Bifhop of for Fear of any Tumult that might a- 
 Lincoln asked him, whether he perfe- rife and hinder their Burning. When 
 
 vered in his former Anfwer, or was con- 
 tented to revoke his former Aflertions, 
 and in all Points fubmit to the Deter- 
 mination of the Univerfal Church, to 
 ^hich he faid he exhorted him, becaufe 
 he faw him in the Way of Perdition. 
 After this 
 
 Mr. Hugh Latlmer, who had been Bi- 
 fhop of Worcejler, nnd was at that Time 
 Prisoner at Oxford, was brought forth 
 
 they were brought out in order to fuffer, 
 Dr. Ridley appeared in comely Cloath- 
 ing, but Mr. Latimcr's Garments were 
 very mean and Thread-bare. As they 
 paffcd to the Place of Execution, Dr. 
 Ridley going by Bocavdo, where Archbifhop 
 Cranmer was kept, looked up, hoping to 
 have feen him, but Friar Soto had en- 
 gaged him in a Difputation to divert him 
 from it. They went chearfully towards 
 
 the
 
 O XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 487 
 
 the Stake, where being arrived, Dr. 
 Ridley faid to Mr. Larimer, Be of good 
 Heart, Brother, for God will either 
 aflwage the Fury of the Flame, or 
 ftrengthen us... to abide it. Dr. Smith, 
 before-mentioned, preached! the Sermon 
 on this Occafion, upon St. Paul's Words, 
 I Cor. xui. // I give my Bjdy to be burned, 
 ayd have not Charity, it frofteth me nothing ', 
 from which Words he argued, that it was 
 the Caufc, and not the Death that made 
 the Martyr, which he confirmed by the 
 Examples of Judas and others, that had 
 derperatcly thrown away their Lives, as 
 he feared thefe two Men that flood 
 before him would do. Then he cried 
 out to the People to beware of them, 
 for they were Hereticks, and died out of 
 the Church, for they were Lutherans, and 
 held fuch Opinions, as the old Church of 
 Chiift never owned, for the Catholick 
 Faith is far otherwife; and concluded 
 with a fhort Exhortation to them to re- 
 cant, and fave their Lives and Souls. 
 The holy Sufferers would feign have an- 
 fwered the Sermon, but could not ob- 
 tain Leave ; whereupon Dr. Ridley faid 
 aloud, Well then, I commit our Caufe 
 to Almighty God, which will indifferent- 
 ly judge all. To which Mr. Latimer ad- 
 ded, Well, there is nothing hid that 
 fliall not be opened, and fo prepared, 
 themfelves for the Fire, giving their 
 Garments to rheir Relations or the Poor, 
 and what little Things they had about 
 them to their Friends ; many lamented 
 their Death, fome got Points from rheir 
 Hofe, happy was he that could get but 
 a Rag from them. The Fire being 
 ready to be kindled, Dr. Ridley s Brother 
 brought each of them a Bag of Gun- 
 powder, which the Do&or received as 
 fcnt by God. The Fire being kindled, 
 Latimer faid to R'dtey, Be of good Com- 
 fort, play the Man, we fhall this Day 
 light fuch a Candle, by God's Grace, 
 in England, as I truft, fliall never be put 
 our. tn the Flames they both cried out, 
 Lord J-efas rece'-ve my Soul, into thy 
 Jlands, O Father, I commend my Spirit. 
 L.itimer foon expired, but Ridley differed 
 great Torment, his lov/ei- Pans being 
 
 confumed before his Body was hurt, 
 which made him fomctimes cry out, to 
 let the Fire come to him, for he could 
 not burn, not forgetting to call upon 
 God for Mercy. At length the Flame 
 touched the Gun-powper and he never 
 Itirred more. It was faid, that Arch- 
 bifhop Cranmer, by this Time, had got 
 free from his Antagonift, and going up 
 to the Top of Eocardo, his Brifbn, faw 
 his Brethren burning, and with bended 
 Knees earned! y implored God, that he 
 would give greater Courage to the Bi- 
 fhops than the Torments could fubdue, 
 which he in the March following mewed 
 in the fame Place, if not out-did, by 
 dying the fame Death, with the fame 
 ConiUncy ; for he entred the Pile with a 
 chearful Countenance, and bad his 
 Friends farewell with no Concern, tho* 
 one of them, Dr. Ely of Erazen-nofe 
 College, when he would have fhaken 
 Hands with him, refuted, and faid, That 
 it was not lawful to fhewany Friendfhij* 
 to- Hereticks, eipecially fuch as had 
 relapfed into the Opinions they had 
 hypocritically renounced ; but what 
 concerns the Martyrdom of this Arch- 
 bifliop, we have related at length in 
 Nottinghamshire among the Martyrs there, 
 to which we refer the Reader. 
 
 fulins Calmer, a Scholar, and at length* 
 a Fellow of Magdalene College, a Perfon 
 of a (trong Memory and pregnant Wit, 
 which having improved by wonderful 
 Diligence, he became fb expert in the 
 Latin and Greek Tongues, that he often 
 fupplied the Place of the Reader in the 
 later. Nor was he lefs skilled in philo- 
 fophick Studies, but being a ready Dif- 
 putant, was chofen Logick Lefturer in 
 his College. His Life alfo was exempla- 
 ry as well as ftudious; he was civil, fo- 
 ber and courteous, free from all Vice 
 and Deceit, and fo great a Contemncir 
 of Injuries, that he was won't to fay, 
 none is to be accounted valiant but fucb 
 as could dcfpife Injuries. Being endow- 
 ed with fo good Qualifications, he was 
 much admired in the later End of King- 
 H?w7 Vlllth's Reign, and Beginning 
 of King Edward Vlth's ; but when the-
 
 4 88 
 
 XFO R T) SHIR E. 
 
 Reformation was eftablifhed, he fhewed 
 himfelf a great Zealot for the Romijb 
 Faith. All his Company and Converfa- 
 tion was with fuch as were rank Ene- 
 mies to the Gofpel then taught ; he 
 would never come to the Common Pray- 
 fers but by Compulfion ; Sermons he 
 would never hear, nor fuffer his Scholars 
 to go to them by his good Will ; for he 
 told them they might employ ihemfelves 
 tetter'at home. For thefe Defaults and 
 Neglefts he was puniflied divers Ways, 
 but not at all amended by them, as tho' 
 he fought Occafions to make himfelf an 
 eminent Sufferer for the Roman Church, 
 as he at length proved ; for having fpo- 
 ken contumelious Words againft Dr. 
 H.addon the Prefident, and being thought 
 ft principal A&or in a Libel fixed upon 
 ievera! Walls and Doors of the College, 
 -abufing the faid Prefident, he was for 
 that and other his popifh Pranks (in 
 which he had long obftinately continued) 
 expelled the College. From the Univer- 
 fity he reforted ro Sir Francis Knowles's, 
 And for a Maintenance taught his Chil- 
 dren, till Queen Mary came to the 
 Throne, and then finding an Opportu- 
 nity to recover his Fellowmip, by her 
 declaring for his Religion, as foon as 
 her Majefty fern down her Vilirors to 
 Oxford, he applied himfelf to them, and 
 having fliewed them how be had defend- 
 ed the Romijb Faith to the utmoft of his 
 Power, and was therefore deprived, was 
 again rctfored; but while he was at Mr. 
 Knattes's, he had been brought to fome 
 more ferious Thoughts abiut Religion, 
 by His Converfation with divers godly 
 Men there, and had .by reading Calvin's 
 Inftiturion, a-:id other good Books, been 
 
 1 I * Y~ * 1 
 
 * are young Men, let us confider, what 
 
 * is our Religion? Our Confciencet 
 4 bear us Witnefs that we tafte not fuch 
 
 * an inward Swcetnefs in the Pfofeflion 
 
 * thereof, as the Followers of the Go- 
 
 * fpel do in ^ theirs. To fay the Truth 
 ''we maintain, we know not what ra- 
 ' ther put of Self-will than Knowledge. 
 J Then pointing to the Rood, he fa id, 
 ' Buliingtam, This is our God, for whom 
 ' we have fmarted. No, faith EuUlng- 
 ' bam, 'tis only an Image of him; an 
 
 Image, faith Palmer ? I tell thee, Bul- 
 ' llngloam, 'tis as Calvin fays, an Idol, 
 
 * and the Pope is Anti-chrift, and his 
 
 * Clergy are the Sink-hole of Hell, and 
 
 * I believe it. Oh that God had revealed 
 
 * thefe Matters to me in Times paft, 
 ' I would have bequeathed the Romijk 
 
 * Religion to the Devil, from whence it 
 
 * came. BuUingham, believe them not, 
 I will have my Knees pared off, before 
 
 * I will bow them to that Jackanapes, 
 
 * (meaning the Rood) with God's Help. 
 ' Eullingham replied, Is the Wind in thac 
 
 * Corner? It will blow thee to little 
 
 * Eafe: I will never have to do with 
 
 * thee more.' Palmer, after this, conti- 
 nued yet wavering, but yet took Notice 
 of the Conftancy of fuch as fuffcred for 
 the Truth, and coming from the Burn- 
 ing of Bifhop Ridley and Latlmer, was 
 heard to fay, O raging Cruelty ! O Ty- 
 ranny tragical, and more than barbarous! 
 From this Time he fet himfelf to the 
 Reading of Peter Martyrs Comment on 
 the firft of the Corinthians, and other 
 good Books, by which he was fo convin- 
 ced of the Truth, that he embraced it 
 with great Joy, and ever after fo utterly 
 detcfted all Romijl) Superftitions, that he 
 
 undeceived in many Particulars; where- could not endure to be prefcnt at Mafs 
 .m~ n m ;^,^ .:t.i. ~~x> \f~ T>..ir.~~i.~~~ 
 
 upon meeting; with one Mr. BuIltxgjtMn, hear Sermon^, or fo much as be in the 
 
 old Acquaintance,, and not owly a 
 FcHow of the fame Society, but of the 
 mc Faction with him, a fiery Papift, 
 who went into voluntary Exile for it in 
 ICing Edward's Days, in St. Paul's, xis 
 they were fetting up the Rood there, he 
 fhtts bcipake him.: * Eullingbam, you 
 ' know into what Miferies we are fallen, 
 * fer the Pope and his Religion. We 
 
 Company of Papifts ; and thereupon re- 
 igned his Fellowfhip, and departed into 
 a wide World friendlefs and hopelefs 
 from any but God. Within a fhort Time 
 after, he, by God's Providence obtained 
 the Grammar-School of Reading by Pa- 
 tent, but was rooted out there by fom-e 
 falfc Perfons, who got into his good O- 
 pinion and betrayed him, fo that for 
 
 Fear
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 4 8<> 
 
 Fear he was forced to leave his School, That faithful Receivers eat it fpiritually, 
 and being in a poor Condition, fly to his and not naturally. He was asked about 
 Mother at Enfam, hoping to obtain of Infant- Baptifm, whether it ought to be 
 her certain Legacies, which his Father retained in the Church as a Thing ne- 
 
 ceffary ? and anfwered, Yea, becaufe it 
 is agreeable to God's Word ; yet afTerred, 
 that Children might be fayed without it. 
 
 After this he was kept fometime in Pri- 
 Ibn, and offered Preferments, if he 
 
 had left him forae Years before. Com- 
 ing to his Mother, he kneeled down to 
 ask her Bleffing, which when fhe faw, 
 fhe faid, Thou ftialt have Chrift's Curfc 
 and mine wherefoever thou goeft ; and 
 as for Money or Goods, thy Father leit would conform to the Doctrines of the 
 nothing for Hereticks ; Fagots I have to Church; but nothing would prevail 
 mrn thee, &c. At thefe Words he de- with him ; whereupon being condemned 
 parted praying God to blefs and prof- by the Confiftory Courts, he was deli- 
 
 _j . :;, . ax--/;*/,,,*,, vered to the Sheriff, Sir Richard Abridges, 
 
 Knt. and burnt the fame Day, with two 
 
 alias 
 
 per her, and returning to Magdalene 
 College to fome Friends, obtained a Re- 
 commendation to a School in Ghcefter- 
 (hire ; but before he fet out, turned out 
 of his Way to Reading to get a Quarter's 
 Salary due to him, as formerly School- 
 mafter there, but was there furprized, 
 imprifoncd, and tried as an Heretick 
 before Dr. Jeffrey* and others. His 
 Charge was, i. That he denied the 
 Pope's Supremacy, and Purgatory ; and, 
 2. That he aflerted there were but two 
 Sacraments ; that the Prieft fliewed an 
 Idol at Mafs. 3. That he was a Sower 
 of Sedition, and fought to divide the 
 Queen's Subje&s. What Anfwer he 
 gave to thefe Articles, we find not; but 
 being in Newbury Church, was asked 
 what was in the Pix that hung before 
 him, and when he faid a Piece of Bread, 
 he was asked, Whether they that receive 
 the holy Sacraments do not truly eat 
 Chrift's natural Body? and anfwered, 
 
 other Perfons, Thomas Robarts, 
 Askine, and John Gain, 
 
 Catharine Cathie, or Damp Martfa, who 
 may juftly, after her Death, be re- 
 puted a Martyr, having been three*, 
 times buried, fliould have a Place here; 
 but that a full Account of the inhumane 
 Ufage of her is related in Queen Mary's 
 Reign, Anro 1555, in the former Part of 
 this Work; as are alfb the Sufferings of 
 many of thofe Maftcrs, Fellows, Scho- 
 lars and others, who, to avoid the Vifi- 
 tors font by Queen Mary and Cardinal 
 Pofe, to reform the Univerfity, i. e. fet- 
 tle Popery in the Colleges, fled, fome 
 out of the Nation into Germany, and o- 
 thcr foreign Parts ; and others concealed 
 themfelves in it, loofing their Prefer- 
 
 ments and 
 Religion. 
 
 Liberties to preferve their 
 
 Q.q q
 
 The Sufferers in the late rebellious Times for the Con- 
 ftitutwa in Church and State, being mo ft numerous 
 and remarkable in this University, are worthy fa 
 be taken Notice of next to the Martyrs, x viz. 
 
 Gilbert Sheldon, D. D. Warden of 
 Alt-Souls, Chaplain to his Majefty 
 King Charles I. Clerk of the Clofet, and 
 Prebendary of Glocefler. He ftrenuoufly 
 adhered to the Royal Caufe, and boldly 
 told the Vifitors fent by the Parliament, 
 that he could not with a fafe Confcience 
 fubmit to them; for which Anfwer they 
 pronounced him deprived of his Mafter- 
 ihip, and brought one John Palmer, a 
 Batchelor of Phyfick, to fubftitutein his 
 Room ; but the Do&or not giving Place 
 to him,^ the Earl of Pembroke the Chan- 
 cellor came with the Vifitors, and forci- 
 bly deprived him of his Free-hold, ftriking 
 his Name out of the Buttery-Book, and 
 breaking open the Lodgings, into both 
 which they placed Palmer, and hurried 
 away the Doftor to Prifon. In this Du- 
 rance he remained fix Months, and ob- 
 tained his Liberty at length by giving 
 Security that he would leave Oxford, not 
 to go to the King, and appear before 
 them at any Time at 4 Days Warning. 
 He went into Staffordshire to his Friends, 
 and fpent his Time till the Reftoration 
 in attending his Studies and Devotions, 
 and eolle&ing Money for his Majefty's 
 Service, which he conftantly fent to him 
 in Exile. In 1659, Mr. Palmer died, 
 and the Doftor was reftored to his War- 
 denmip, but never perfonally took Pof- 
 feffion of it ; for at the Reftoration he 
 made Dean of the Chapel Royal, 
 foon after Biihop of London ; from 
 
 whence he was tranflateU to Canterbury 
 ift 1663, in both fucceeding Dr. Jttxon, 
 was Chancellor of this Univcrfity 
 r 10 Years, and built their magnifi- 
 
 3 
 
 cent Theatre at the Expcnce of 18 
 
 Thoufand Pounds. 
 
 All the Fellows of this Society follow- 
 ing the Example of their Head, in 
 not fubmitting to the Power of the 
 Vifitors, were expelled to the Num- 
 ber of 44, 
 
 Thomas Lawrence, Mafter of Ballot, and 
 D. D. Margaret Profeflbr, Treasurer and 
 Prebendary of Litchfold, and Reftor of 
 Bemerton and Togglejlcn in Wiltshire, of 
 all which he was deprived by the Vifitors. 
 After he was difmifled from the Univer- 
 fity, he went to Col. Walton's, one of the 
 King's Judges, whom he had befriended 
 while he was a Prifoner of War in the 
 Garrifon of Oxford. This Gentleman was 
 fo mindful of the Benefit, that he got 
 him fettled in the litrle Chapelry of Coin >.. 
 in the Parifh of Somerjham in Huntington- 
 $bire, which he got endowed with the' 
 Tithes of the Parifh, (as 'tis faid)forthe 
 fake of Dr. Lawrence. Here he lived in 
 great Obfcurity and Poverty, having a 
 Wife and feveral Children, and died be- 
 fore the Reftoration, to which if he had 
 lived, he had certainly been a Bifhop in 
 Ireland, as he was nominated. His Wife 
 and Children, after his Deceafe, were in 
 a very mean Condition, and were obli- 
 ged for Maintenance, to petition the 
 Corporation ertablimed for the Relief of 
 Minifters Widows and Orphans, for a 
 yearly Allowance: He was efteemed 
 famous for Scholaftical Divinity, an ex- 
 cellent Linguift for Greek and Latin, and 
 a profound Theologian ; but his Alulti- 
 tudc of Troubles brought a melancholy 
 , Diftemper
 
 XF R T> S H IR E. 
 
 491 
 
 Diftcmper upon him, which rendred him 
 
 unlike himfclf. 
 
 The Vifitors expelled out of this Col- 
 lege twenty or more .. Fellows and 
 Scholars. 
 
 Samuel Radcliffe, D. D. Principal of 
 "Brazen nofe College, and Re&or of Steeple- 
 Afton in this County. He was depofed for 
 difowning the Authority of the Vifitors, 
 and becaufe he took no Notice of their 
 Expvflfion, they gave him many Trou- 
 bles, and at length fervcd upon him 
 the Order of the Committee to eje& him. 
 He was infirm and fick, and defired that 
 he might firft remove his Goods ; but it 
 was anfwered, that fince he had difobey- 
 ed the Orders of Parliament, in not go- 
 ing away fooner, he deferved no Favour ; 
 however, if he would quietly refign up 
 the Lodgings to his Succeffor, he fliould 
 be treated civilly, which he utterly re- 
 fufed to do. Several Methods after this 
 were ufed to get him to refign, fome- 
 times threatning to put him into the 
 Curtody of a Meflenger, at other Times 
 promising to let him have half his Goods; 
 but nothing would prevail with the old 
 Gentleman, fick as he was, to betray his 
 Truft, and quit his undoubted Right. 
 At laft the Earl of Pembroke joining with 
 the Vifitors, came and broke open the 
 College Gates, and put Mr. Greenwood in 
 Pofleffion of the Principalfhip by Vio- 
 lence ; notwithftanding the poor old 
 Principal Dr. Raddiffe lay very ill, and 
 died within little more than a Month 
 after. The Fellows, after his Death, 
 took no Notice of Greenwood, nor of the 
 Menaces of the Vifitors ; but having af- 
 fixed a Citation upon the College Gate, 
 according to their Statutes, they met in 
 one of their Chambers, 1 3 July following, 
 And chofe unanimoufly 
 
 Thomas Yatey Batchelor of Divinity, 
 to be their Principal, Re&or of Middle- 
 ton-Cbeney in Northamptonjbire ; but if he 
 ever obtained the Pofleflion of the Head- 
 fhip, he did not keep it long, nor his 
 Living. He endured many Hardships 
 while he had his Preferments, tho* 
 greater after he was deprived ; but 
 living to the Reftoration, he was crea- 
 
 ted Do&or of Divinity, and reftored to 
 his Headfliip by the King's Commiffion- 
 crs, and in joyed it feveral Years after. 
 There were one and twenty Fellows 
 and Scholars, and a Bible-Clerk, 
 ejected by the Parliament Vifitors 
 out of this College ; one of them, 
 Mr. Eaton, was, after the Reftora- 
 tion, created DoSor of Divinity, and 
 made Prefident of Glocefter-batt, and 
 Archdeacon of Stow and Leicefter. 
 
 Dr. Samuel Fetf, Dean of Clrljl-Clurc'h, 
 and Prebendary of Wenlock-barns, in the 
 Church of St. Paul's London. Upon the 
 Breaking out of the Rebellion he Shew- 
 ed himfelf a great Royalift, and was in 
 1642, ordered to be imprifoned by the 
 Parliament, for fending of Money to 
 the King ; but he efcaped that Time by 
 Flight, but he was plundered by the Lord 
 Say's Soldiers. When the Oxford Vifita^ 
 tion was in 1647, he was Vice-Chancel- 
 lor, and to the Honour of the Univerfity 
 difcharged his Truft with all the Con- 
 duct, Boldnefs and Fidelity that could 
 be defired ; for which he was not only 
 put out of his Office of Vice-Chancellor 
 and Deanery, but taken into Cuftody by 
 Order of Parliament, and remained for 
 fome Time there. The Pofleflion of the 
 Deanery was ordered to be given to Dr; 
 Reynolds by Parliament; and the Vifitors 
 main Care was to obtain it; but neither 
 Mrs. Fell or her Daughters, nor any of 
 her Servants had the leaft Regard to 
 them. At laft the Chancellor, attended 
 by the Vifitors and a Party of Soldiers, 
 came to take Pofleflion of the Lodgings, 
 but finding Mrs. fell refolved not to de- 
 liver them up, they ordered the Soldiers 
 to take her up in a Chair, and carry her 
 out into the Quadrangle, where they fee 
 her down, as they were forced to do to 
 her Daughters, and fome other Gentle- 
 women, before they could have the 
 Lodgings to themfelvcs. Dr. fell died 
 foon after this, for being fet at Liberty, 
 he retired to his Parfonage of Sunrimg- 
 iveJl, and there departed this Life, Feb. 
 1648. The incomparably learned, and 
 eminently pious Perfon, 
 
 Qjiq 
 
 Dr.
 
 XFO R T> SHIR E. 
 
 Dr. H'.nry Hammond, was Sub dean, 
 and fcconcl Canon of this College at the 
 fame Time. He, tho' a Pcrfon of an 
 extraordinary fweet Carriage, and mild 
 Difpofition, yet had difobliged the Par- 
 liament Vifitors, in refufing to publifh 
 the Order of the Committee for reform- 
 ing the Univerfity, and not appearing a- 
 mong the Aflembly of Divines upon the 
 Nomination of Parliament ; on which 
 Account, in the very Beginning of the 
 Troubles his Bcoks were plurdered, but 
 were bought for him by a Friend. After 
 this he was fummoned before the Com- 
 mittee of the Country, where he was 
 perfwaded, threatned and reproached ; 
 but nothing would deter him from his 
 Duty, till finding ioo/. promifcd to any 
 that could apprehend him, he fled to 
 Dr. Oliver, M after of Magdalen College, 
 Oxford, where his Worth loon became 
 known to the Court there, and was in 
 great Tiuft and Favour with the King, 
 who fent him to aflift his Commiflioners 
 at the Treaty at Uxbridge, made him 
 one cf his Chaplains, and had he lived 
 was defigned for the Biflioprick of WOY- 
 tefttr. But in the mean Time, after the 
 Surrender of Oxford, he fell into his E- 
 nemies Hands, who outed him of his 
 Canonry and other Preferments, and 
 made him a Prifoner for about tea 
 Weeks at Oxford, When he had got his 
 Liberty, he retired to Sir Jvhn Packing- 
 ton of iVcjlwood in Worcejkerfb'trt, and there 
 fpentthe Remainder of his Life in Study 
 and Devotion, dying of the Gout, Cho- 
 lick, &c. not much more than a Month 
 before King Charles's Reftoration. He 
 was continually distributing his own and 
 others Charity to the drftrefled Clergy 
 and poor Royalifts ; yet to his own Alio- 
 nifhment he faid, he could never make 
 himfetf poor, for he died worth 15, Hun* 
 tired Pounds. 
 
 Many moft excellent Men more were 
 of this Society, as Dr. Edward Po- 
 eoik, Dr. Robert Sanderfox, Dr. George 
 Mtftey, Dr. Jxfpcr Main, Dr. jfahn 
 J)olben, Dr. John Fell, Son of the 
 iuflering Dean above-mention'd, 
 
 Dr. Richard Allejlrey, and divers o- 
 thers of lefs Note, but truly loyal', 
 to the Number of near So, to whofe 
 Worth and Virtue no Refpeft was 
 had, but all were expelled this large 
 Society, that would not fubmit to 
 the Committee and Vifitors. 
 
 Dr. Robert Newlin, Prefident of Corpus- 
 mfti College, who fucceeded the fa- 
 mous Dr. J-ackfon in 1640, and was at 
 the Time of the Vififation Pro-vice-chan- 
 cellor, was at the fame Time depofed from 
 his Office, his Doors being broke open, 
 and Houfe ranfacked for the Injtgnia, &c. 
 and difpoflfefled 6f his Headship for dif- 
 owning the Vifitors Authority, and with* 
 him about 40 Scholars and Fellows,, 
 which were upon the Foundation, ejeded,. 
 among whom were feveral very learned 
 and eminent Men, as Mr. George Strat- 
 ford, who had been Vice-Prefident of the 
 College, and was then Minifter of Ba- 
 Jingham in Lwcokfiire, from which Living 
 . being cjcfted, and not being able to get 
 his Fifths by all the Application he could 
 make, he was forced to live upon Cha- 
 rity to his Death ^ Mr. Greaves, a Pcr- 
 fon well skilled in the Oriental Tongues, 
 who fomctimes read the Arabick Lefture- 
 for Dr. Pacock; and had an Hand in the 
 Polyght Bible ; Mr. Fulman, Dr. Ham- 
 mond's Amanuenfii, by whofe Recommen- 
 dation he found a fecure Retirement in> 
 the Family of Pete's at Cheflerton in War- 
 ivickfrive, and lived till the Reftoration, 
 and became Relor of Mey fey -Hampton 
 in Glocefterflrire, where he employed his 
 Time much to the Service of the Com- 
 monwealth of Learning ; for he gathered 
 King Charles Ift's Works together, and 
 Dr. Hammond's, which laft he publifhed, 
 and left thofe Materials for the other,, 
 from which Dr. Perenchiefe publifhed 
 them with his Majefty's Life, &c. 
 
 Dr. Hackwell, Reftor of Exeter Col- 
 lege, and Archdeacon of Surrey ; he 
 had been Chaplain to- Prince Charles* 
 (afterwards K. Charles I.) but for his, 
 good Advice to him againft the Spanijl* 
 Match, was difplaced, imprifoned a, 
 while, and utterly turned out of Favour* 
 
 ML
 
 OXFO R <D SHIRE. 493 
 
 And after lived at his Re&ory of Heanton for he immediately left the Kingdom, 
 
 in Devonbire. In this Time he fpent one and became Preacher to the Enptijb Mer- 
 
 Thoufand Pounds in building a Chapel chants at Rotterdam in Holland. Wirh him 
 
 for this College, which made way for fourteen Fellows and Scholars, befides 
 
 his being chofen Re&or, when Dr. Pri- others, were ejefted. 
 
 deaux was made Bifhop of Worcester in- Dr. Richard Bayly, Dean of Salisbury , 
 
 1641. He refided very little in the and Prebendary of Cbiftwifk, in the 
 
 Colle'ge, for the Wars breaking out, he Church of Sr. Paul's London, Prefident 
 
 4,nncrht' his ReQory would be a. fafer of St. John's College. Upon the Breaking 
 Place for his Residence, and fo he kept 
 there till he was deprived of both, after 
 which he died foon, -viz.. in 1649. Tn 
 
 ry Tozer was Sub-Reftor, and of Courfe fly andabfcond for a Time. When the 
 
 had the Government of the College in Vifitation came on at Oxford in 1647, he 
 
 his Hands. He was an able and painful flood up ftoutly in Defence of the Rights 
 
 Preacher, and much followed by the and Liberties of his College ; and tho' he 
 
 Puritan Party, which might be the Rea- was voted out of his Headmip, and fur- 
 
 fon he was nominated one of the Aflem- ther threatened with Imprisonment, he 
 
 bly of Divines in 1645, but he refufed -would not let go Poflcflion, till the 
 
 it and ftay'd at Oxford to preach before Chancellor in Perfon, with a Party of 
 the Court and Parliament there. After 
 
 . o . 
 
 out of the War, he was one that chiefly 
 promoted the Sending the Univerfiry 
 Plate to his Majefty, which being found 
 out by the Parliament, he was forced to 
 
 Lilw VJ'JWA-*' * ~ . __ 
 
 the Surrender of Oxford, when the Par- 
 liament fent their Vifitors to reform the 
 Univerfity, he boldly and rcfolutely op- 
 pofed them, and maintained the Rights 
 of the College, in Defence of his own 
 and the Fellows Freeholds in the higheft 
 Degree. He kept up the Ufe of the 
 Common Prayer in the College after 
 the Dircftpry was appointed, and ad- 
 moniflicd one of his Houfe for not ^at- 
 tending it. He mewed the utmoft Dif- 
 likc to the Friends of the. Parliament, 
 and always countenanced the Loyahfts, 
 The Vifitors being informed of thefe 
 Things, fummoned him before them ; 
 but he returned his Anfwer, That what 
 he was accufed of concerned the Difci- 
 pline of the College, and in that Cafe 
 it would be Perjury in him to fubmit to 
 any other Vifitor than thofe appointed 
 by their Statues. This Anfwer diiplea- 
 fins the Vifitors, they ordered the Sol- 
 dieVs of the Garrifon to ejeQ; him ; and 
 becaufc he refufed to deliver up the 
 Keys of the College, imprifoned him ; 
 but afterwards they moderated their Sen- 
 tence, releafed him from Prifon, allow- 
 ed him a Chamber in his College, and 
 of a travelling Fcllowftiip ; 
 
 Dragoons, effectual Vifitors, came to the 
 College to turn him out, and put in his 
 Succeflbr. He had a Month's Time gi- 
 ven him to remove his- Goods, but he 
 ftay'd longer, and would net- depart, till 
 his Succeflbr broke open* his Lodgings, 
 and the Vifirors and their Officers drove 
 him, his Wife and fix Children out before 
 them, as one of' themj to his no great 
 Credit, afterwards bragged. He and his 
 Family lived afterwards privately in 
 Oxford, upon a College Leafe, which 
 luckily fell while he was Matter, and 
 into which he had put the Lives of three 
 of his Children* He lived to the Refto- 
 ratiorij and was reftored to his Prefer- 
 ments, but enjoyed them not long, dy- 
 ing at Salisbury in 1667. 
 
 Two and thirty of this College reftt- 
 fed to fubmit to the Vifitation, and 
 were on that Account ejefted, fome 
 of them with greater Severity than 
 others, as Dr. Edwards, for his 
 Boldnefs in upbraiding them for 
 their Cruelty to the belt Men in the 
 Kingdom ; and Mr. G/jiy, hecaufe 
 he was Burfar ; Air. Mews had like 
 to have been hanged, &>c. 
 
 Dr. JManfel, Principal of J fns t to 
 
 L_ VrontS OI a iraVCUlUJ, * UAiww I *J> j /e, J tuvjgnn wi JJ n 'j "* 
 
 but 'tis probable he accepted of neither, which Place be had been eleftod twice,
 
 XFO R T) SHIRE. 
 
 viz., in 1620 and 1630, having refigned Scholarfhips. Others 
 the firft Time upon a ProfpeQ: of 
 
 494 
 
 ome 
 
 Advantage that would accrue to the, 
 College by his To doing. He was ppf- 
 fefled the fecond Time of this Headmip, 
 when the Vifi radon of this Univerfity 
 was on foot, and was eje&ed by the Vi- 
 fitors ; his temporal Eflate (for he was 
 the youngeft Son of Sir Francis Manfel in 
 Carmartbetjfiire) being put under Seque- 
 ftration at the fame Time. He lived to 
 the Reiteration, and was reftored to his 
 College, to which he was a confiderable, 
 Bcnefo&or. He died in 1665. He found 
 more civil Ufage than his Fellows, fe- 
 \-enteen of \vhich were ejcfted ; for Mr. 
 Hughes was imprifonqd, Mr.JBf^// plun- 
 dered, and forced to fcek Shelter in 
 France. He retired into Jerfey> his own 
 Country, but not finding it fafe for him 
 to ftay there, he fettled in France, and 
 lived to the Reiteration. 
 
 Dr. Hood, Re&or of Lincoln College, 
 fnbmifted to the Vifitors, and kept his 
 Place; but ten ofthe Fellows and Scho- 
 lars fuffered thus; Mr.Webberley was not 
 only deprived of his Fellowmip, but 
 clapt up in Erid'-.-jell, for ftrer.uoufly 
 oppofing the Vifi tatipn, being a defpe- 
 rate Zealot for the King's Caufe ; Mr. 
 Houston was not only ejected from his 
 Fellowmip, and theRe&ory of St. Miles 's 
 in Oxford, but his Eftare of jSo /, per Ann. 
 was fequeftered, infomuch, that when he 
 died, his Widow and five Children were 
 reduced to fo great Poverty, that they 
 were forced to fue for Relief to the 
 Corporation for Minifters Widows and 
 Orphans, and were accordingly fupport- 
 ed by that Charity ; Mr, Chalfont was 
 forced to quit the Kingdom, and at 
 length became Chaplain to the Englijb 
 Fa&ory at Roterdam in Holland ; and Mr. 
 jMarjball, & Scholar of the Houfc, bore 
 Arms for the King during the Siege, 
 and upon the Approach of the Vifita- 
 tion went beyond Sea, where he alfo 
 became Chaplain to the Merchants of 
 Poterdam and Dort ', bat returning into 
 England after the Reftoration, he was 
 chofen firft Fellow, and then Matter of 
 this College, in which he founded fome 
 
 there were \vho 
 
 were ejc&ed, to the Number of Eleven, 
 of whom we have nothing elfe rela- 
 ted. 
 
 Dr. "felon Oliver, President of Magda- 
 len College, and Prebendary of Wincle- 
 jier. His eminent Learning recommend- 
 ed him to Archbifhop Laud, who made 
 him his Chaplain, and got him other 
 Promotions in the Church ; but in 1643, 
 he was difpoflefled, or driven from them 
 all ; in Compenfation of which, the 
 Fellows of this College chofe him Pre- 
 fidcnt the next Year. .He for difclaim- 
 ing the Authority of the Vifitors, was 
 voted out of his Prefidentfhip ; and be- 
 caufe he would not voluntarily refign ir, 
 the Chancellor and Vifitors with a Party 
 of Soldiers, came and turned him by 
 Force out of it, putting into his Place 
 Dr. John Wilkinfon, He had, while he 
 lived in his Headfhip, been fo hofpitable 
 to the Rich, and generous to the Poor, 
 that he always made even at the Year's 
 End; and therefore being eje&ed, he 
 underwent great Hardfhip's, ' wanting 
 now what he had beftowed upon others, 
 tho' fome of his Relations and Servants 
 were as bountiful to him as their Cir- 
 cumftances would bear. He lived to the 
 Reiteration, and was the firft in the 
 Univerfity that was reftored to his Col- 
 lege, and was after made Dean of War- 
 cefter, which he held but a little Time, 
 dying 27. 0$ob. 1661. Near fixty of 
 this College were deprived by the Vifi- 
 tors about the fame Time, nineteen of 
 which were not only expelled the Col- 
 lege (as other twelve of them were) 
 but the Univerfity. Mr. Cb'AnaUwa.s irn- 
 prifoned fix Months, becaufe he being 
 Burfar, would not give up his Books and 
 Accounts to thofe they had put in. 
 
 Dr. William Harvey, Warden of Mer- 
 ton College; he was educated at Caius 
 College in Cambridge, and having travel- 
 led into France and Italy, made a confi- 
 derable Stay at Padua, in which Univer- 
 fity he took his Dotor*s Degree in Phy- 
 fick, and then returned to England, prac- 
 tifed Playfick at London, and became 
 Phyfician in Ordinary to King James L 
 
 and
 
 XFO R T> S HIR E. 
 
 and King Claries I. About the Year 
 1615, he found out the Circulation of 
 the Blood, being then Fellow of the Col- 
 lege of Phyficians, and Profeflbr of A- 
 natomy and Surgery. Upon the Break- 
 ing out of the Rebellion, he adhered 
 faithfully to his Royal Alafter, (for 
 whom he loft aooo/.) attended him at 
 the Battle ofEdg-hitt, and from thence 
 to Oxford, where he was chofen Mafter of 
 Jhterton College, (Dr. Nathaniel Brent 
 having left the Warden/hip to fide with 
 the Parliament Party) by Virtue of his 
 Majefty's Letters to the Society. He 
 ftay'd with his Majefty in Oxford during 
 the Siege ; but upon his Majefty's going 
 over to the Stoh, and the Surrender of 
 Oxford, he returned to London, and was 
 in as great Reputation as ever. He 
 was chofen Proficient of the College of 
 Phyficians, but refufed to accept of 
 tha't Poft, tho' very honourable, and 
 died in 1657. He was a great Benefac- 
 tor to the College of Phyficians at his 
 Death,, where his Statue is fet up,- 
 
 There were ejected out of this Society, 
 about the fame Ti<ne, thirty-four Fellows 
 andPoft-mafters, of which thefe were Men 
 of great Eminency for Learning, viz.. 
 Dr. Peter Turner, SaviUan Profeflbr of 
 (geometry ; Air. John Greaves, Savilian 
 Profeflbr of Aftronomy, and Mr. Henry 
 Jacob, Supei'ior Beadle of Divinity. 
 
 Dr. Henry Stringer, Warden of New 
 College. He was Greek Profeflbr in the 
 Univerfity, and advanced to this War- 
 denfliip in 1647, but had little or no En- 
 joyment of it, being voted out of it by 
 the Committee of Reformers in 1648, 
 who foon after was quite difpoflefled by 
 main Force, expelling him the Univer- 
 fity, fo that his Lecturefhip became 
 void, and the Commiflioners fubftituted 
 in his Place Mr. John Harmer ; Dr. 
 Crourther of St. John's obtained the 
 King's Letters for it, but did not enjoy 
 jr till the Reftoration in 1660; Dr. 
 Stringer was alfo Rector of Hardwyke in 
 Buckingham jhire, which was iequeftered, 
 as may be judged from the like Cafes., 
 (for- he was looked upon as a notorious 
 Malignant, not d^erving the leall Fa- 1 
 
 vour) as well as from his Retiring from 
 the College and Univerfity to ^London, 
 where he remained to his Death, which 
 happened in 1657. 
 
 There were fifty-four Fellows and 
 eight Chaplains deprived in this College, 
 for their Non fubmifiion to the Parlia- 
 ment Vifitors, among whom was Mr. 
 Richard Holloway, afterwards made a 
 judge in 1683, and turned out by King 
 James II. for giving his Opinion in Fa- 
 vour of the feven Bifhops in 1688 ; Mr. 
 William Bew, afterwards Bifhop of Lan- 
 daffe; and Mr. Richard Shirlock, who was af- 
 terwards promoted by the Earl of Darby 
 to the rich Living of Winwick in Lancajlrire. 
 He was a Man -both pious and charita- 
 ble, but fo zealous for the Church, that 
 the People efteemed him popifhly af- 
 fected. 
 
 Air. Henry Wightivick, Mafter of Pem- 
 broke College. He being elected in 1647, 
 in direct Oppofition to the Order of 
 Parliament, was foon after difpoflefled, 
 and was indeed the very firft Head of an 
 Houfe in this Univerfity, that was ejected 
 by the Vifitors. " One Air. Henry Langley 
 was fubftituted in his Place ; but he li- 
 ving till the Reftoration recovered it again. 
 
 There were 14 Fellows and Scholars 
 ejected out of this College. 
 
 Dr. Gerard Langbaine, Provoftof Queen's 
 College, being a moft learned Man, was 
 not ejected or troubled by the Vifitor? y . 
 through the Intereft and Favour of Dr. 
 Owen and Air. Selden ', but thirty-leven of 
 the Fellows and Scholars of this Collegia 
 refufing to own the Authority of the Vifi- 
 tors, it is probable were all difpoflellcd, at 
 leait for a Time ; for it can't be denied, 
 but that no fmall Number of the ejected 
 Fellows and Scholars, as well of other 
 Colleges, as of this, did after a Time fubmic 
 to the Vifitors, and were reftbftd to their 
 Places, Want forcing, or Relaxation 
 of Principle allowing them fo to do. 
 
 Dr. Hannibal Potter, Proficient of 7V////- 
 ty College. He was Vice-Chancellor in 
 1647, arid being twice fummoned to ap- 
 pear before the Parliament while he 
 bore that Office, was at length voted out 
 of it by the Reforming Committee at
 
 London. I>r fill 
 
 cellor after him, but being deprived by 
 the Vifttors from that Office, Dr. Potter 
 afted for him as Pro-vice-chancellor, 
 which an.gr.cd the Committee at London 
 fo much, that they ordered him to be 
 taken into Cuftody, but he abfconded, 
 and fo efcaped that Confinement. In 
 fAarch following, he was again threatned 
 with imprifonmcnt, for not obeying fome 
 Orders of Parliament ; buttho' that was 
 rot executed, he foon felt their Difplea- 
 fure more feverely, by being aftually 
 difpoflefled of his Headlhip by the Chan- 
 cellor in Perfon, attended by the Vifi- 
 tors, and a Guard of Soldiers, who ha- 
 ving thruft him out by Force, put one 
 Harris into his Place. After this, Dr. 
 Potter, aged and friendlefs, was_ driven 
 to very great Necefli ties; and did in a 
 moft woful Manner endure great Hard- 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 chofen Vice-Chan- the Year 1657, in the 3 id Year of his 
 
 Age. 
 
 Dr. Tliomas Walker, Matter of Univer- 
 fity College. He was Refidentiary Ca- 
 non, and Prebendary of Hitton in the 
 Church of Wells. He was originally of St. 
 Johns College, and was elected to this 
 Headlhip in Aug. io"3z. He difclaimed 
 the Vifitation of the Parliament Com- 
 mimoners, and for that Reafon was fm- 
 moncd to appear before the Parliament, 
 and eje&ed in 164$. He was reftored in 
 1660 to his Mafterfhip, ,and no Doubt to 
 his other Preferments ; but lived not 
 long enough in them to compenfate in 
 any Measure for his great Sufferings fo 
 many Years, for he died in the Year 
 1665. He was a modeft defervi.ng Man. 
 Seventeen Fellows and Scholars of this 
 College were eje&cd much about the 
 fame Time with the Matter, among 
 
 fhips, infomuch that he was forced to ac- whom was Mr. Abraham Woodhead, who 
 cept of a Curacy in Somerfetjlrire ^of 25 /. had been Pro&or in the Univerfity in 
 
 1641. He feeing the Trrubles coming on, 
 travelled into France and Italy, and at 
 
 or 30 /. a Year, for a mere Subfiftence ; 
 but was not long permitted to enjoy that 
 
 poor Pittance, for N the Committee being Rome taught George Duke of Jittckfngl>ant t 
 
 r _ J .! *. t- A tiff^A "Povf r\r fKr {""*/_ X^o l-1-iAVM o ft /!* W <* *uac- c\\*lr*A K*r t-K--. 
 
 informed that he ufed Part of the Com- 
 mon Prayear, turned him out, under a 
 Pretence of Inefficiency. However he 
 lived to the Reftoration, and recovered 
 his Heacifhip. He died in 16^4. 
 
 There were eje&ed out of this College 
 about 15 Fellows and Scholars, of whom 
 Mr. Lydal* a very ingenious Man, an 
 excellent Philofopher and great Tutor, 
 was one who was deprived and expelled 
 the Univerfity upon this Occafion. An 
 tinder graduate Pupil of his, when he 
 v--as fummoned before the Vifitors, and 
 asked by them, Whether he would fub- 
 mit to the Vifitarion or not ? anfwcred, 
 That he would with all his Heart, pro- 
 vided, that they themfelres would fub- 
 mtt to the King ; whereupon they en- 
 quired who was his Tutor, and finding 
 him to be Mr. LyelaJ, they dealt with 
 him as is above-mentioned, yet after 
 fome Time they revoked Part of the 
 Sentence, and allowed >him to tarry in 
 the College and take Pupils. He died 
 young, or his Learning might have been 
 * farther Benefit to the World, viz. in 
 
 Mathematicks. He was ejefled by the 
 Vifitors in 1648, for his Non-appearance, 
 and retired to London, where he taught 
 the Lord Capel Mathematicks, and by 
 him and the Duke of Buckingham was 
 fupported, till the Reftoration of King 
 Charles II. when he again obtained his 
 Fellowship ; "but being turned Roman Ca- 
 tholicic, tarried but a very little while 
 in the College, yet thro 1 Concealment 
 of his Religion, got Leave of the So- 
 ciety to travel, with an Allowance of 
 twenty Pounds per Ann. and retiring to 
 Hogfden near London, lived fb privately, 
 that but one of the Society knew any 
 other but that he was in his Travels, and 
 there ftiewcd himfclf a zealous Cham- 
 pion for that Church. Obad'wb Walker 
 was another of the ejefted Fellows. 
 He was a Preacher before the Court, 
 while it was in this City, and one of the 
 {landing extraordinary Delegates of the 
 Univerfity for publick Bufinefs, and 
 was therefore alfo expelled. He was 
 reftored in idrfo, and at length became 
 Matter of this College, He was Pupil to 
 
 Mr.
 
 --:* 
 
 497 
 
 Mr. Woodheadi and" had the Pofleffion of the Chancellor in Perfon vith the Vifi- 
 his Manufcripts after his Death, and tors, and fome Dragoons of the Garri- 
 
 tnat ne at iengin, i *v.mg fume* iiua f\s> ior ms vicarage, ne was not only le- 
 Reign, declared himfelf a. Roman Ca- queftered from it, but plundered of all 
 tholick. How he difguifed his Sentiments his Houfhold Goods and Books; his 
 before, we know not ; but 'tis probable Eftate alfo being feized upon and kept 
 he never was otherwife after his Re- from him. What Effefl: thefe Sufferings 
 ftoration, having put out divers Books had on him, we can't fay, but he died 
 in Vindication of the Papillical Doc- foon after. With the Mafter were twen- 
 trines, under his Tutor fVoodbead's ty-two Fellows and Scholars, or there- 
 Name, which were generally thought abouts, ejected, of whom was Mr. John 
 his own. Dingle, an excellent Difputant ; he was 
 Dr. John Pitt, Warden of Widbam the laft Perfon that read the Common 
 College. He was one of the original Prayers in this College, which fo pro- 
 Fellows of this Houfe, nominated and voked the Vitfitors, that he felt their 
 appointed by the Lady Dorothy Wadham Difpleafure more heavily than many o- 
 her felf, and was ele&ed into this thers ; for they not only cje&ed him, 
 Wardenfhip in 1644^ He was alfo Vi- but he having obtained the Living of 
 
 car 
 
 ipyment 
 
 of Cbardjtock in Dorfetjbire. His En- St. Cuthbert's in Cornwall, they followed 
 nent of the Wardenfhip was but him thither, and took it from him. Of 
 
 Jhort, for the Vifitation fent by the the fix Beadles of this Univerfity, 
 
 Parliament coming on, he had a great (whofe Places are much better than a- 
 
 Share in the Calamities attending it. In ny Fellowfhip) five of them at leaft were 
 
 March 164.7, he was voted out of his difpoflefled of their Places, and poflibly 
 
 Headfhip; but he not giving Place, was fome of them, and the Fellows abovc- 
 
 fummoned before the Committee, who mentioned, defervedly, had the Authori- 
 
 examined him upon feveral Heads; but ly been legal, and their Crimes fairly 
 
 he was very refra&ory, and would and parriculary proved, 
 give "them no Saiisfa&ion ; whereupon 
 
 CHARITY-SCHOOLS^ up in this County. 
 
 BAmpton, a School for twenty poor 
 Children of the Inhabitants of two 
 adjacent Villages, Afon and Coat y main- 
 tained by a private Gentleman. 
 
 Ranbury, two Schools, the one for thir- 
 ty Boys, and the other for twenty Girls, 
 'all of them cloathed. They are main- 
 tained by the Subscriptions of the neigh- 
 bouring Gentry and Townfmen, which 
 amount to an Hundred Pounds a Year. 
 Their Revenue hath been increafed by 
 two Legacies of twenty Pounds each, 
 
 and one of thirty Pounds. Twenty-fiic 
 Children had been put Apprentices ou t 
 of thefe Schools in- 1714; and 'tis r^ot 
 to be doubted but more than as many 
 has been put out fince ; but w'e have no 
 Account of their Number. The Ma- 
 fter 's Salary is twenty-five Pounds aYear 
 and the Miftrefs's twelve Pounds ten 
 Shillings per Ann. 
 
 Ttloxbaw, a Charity-School fupported 
 
 -by a private Gentleman ; but we have 
 
 no Account how many Children arc 
 
 R r r taughc
 
 49 s 
 
 X F O R *D S // / R 
 
 tanght 
 
 in t, 
 
 or how it is mana- Ann. for putting .two of thc'fai 
 
 . Te j.\. dren out Apprentices every Year, .';<nd 
 
 " Cuddefden, twelve poor Girls put to hath purchased Lands for making this 
 School at the Charge of the Biftop of his Charity perpetual. To thefc other 
 the Diocefe of Ox/on/, whole Palace is charitable Perfons have added fix, and 
 
 Contributed for the Cloathing of the 
 whole Number, fo that now the School 
 confifts of twenty-one, all taught and 
 cloathed, but no Girls. 
 
 KirtHngton) one School for teaching 
 twenty Boys and ten Girls, towards 
 
 or G.-eat Hafely, a which, a Gentleman of Oxford hath left 
 Charity-School for fourteen Boys ; but fevcn Pounds a Year for ever. The 
 by whom it is fupported, we have no reft of the Charge is defray 'd by the 
 Account. Inhabitants and neighbouring Gentry. 
 
 Henley upon Thames^ a School for Middleton-Stoney, a fmall School for 
 twenty Boys, fupported (as we fuppofe) the Teaching of four poor Children, up- 
 by the Subscriptions of the Inhabitants, held at the Charge of the Minifter of the 
 and other charitable Neighbours. Place. 
 
 I/lip, a School for one and twenty Mlxbury, moft of the poor Children 
 poor Children, of which the Minifter of the Parifli are taught at the Charge 
 hath for many Years paid for the teach- of the 
 ing of fifteen, and given ten Pounds per 
 
 in this Place. 
 
 Veddlrigtony a School for lixtcen Boys, 
 and as many Girls, who are taught to 
 read and fay their Catechifm at a Penny 
 a Week per Head, at the Expence of a 
 private Gentleman. 
 JMaffla, 
 
 OXFORD, in which City there are eftattijhed Five, 
 Charity-Schools, viz. 
 
 I 
 
 N Sr. peters Parifli in the Eaft, 
 JL is a School for five and fifty 
 Boys cloathed in Grey, firft creaed^ in 
 1707. The Truftees are the Vice- 
 chancellor and Proftors, and feycral of 
 the Heads of Colleges. It is maintained 
 by Subfcriptions, which come to two 
 Hundred Pounds a Year. In 1714, three 
 and thirty Boys had been put out Ap- 
 prentices, and no Doubt bu t above as many 
 jrtorehavc been put out flncc. And for 
 the Satisfaction of the Contributors, there 
 is printed and diftributed among them 
 every two Years, a particular Account of 
 the Sums received and disburfcd on the 
 Account of the faid School. 
 
 2. In St. Martin's Parifli there are fct 
 up two Schools, one of them for fifty 
 
 4 
 
 Boys cloathed in Blue,ereted by the Ci- 
 ty in 1708. The Truftees for this School: 
 arc the Mayor and Aldermen of the 
 City* with four of the principal Su-b- 
 fcribcrs. Some Money, formerly left 
 for the putting out poor Children, hath 
 been applied to the 1 putting Apprentices 
 Boys cut of this School. Six had bceji 
 put Apprentices out of this School in 
 1714, and doubtlcfs fevcral more have 
 fo been fince. One of the Subfcribers 
 is plcafcd to take one of the Boys horns 
 with him every Sunday to-Dinner. 
 
 5. The other School in the fame 
 Parifli is for forty Girls, which arc all 
 cloathed in Blue. This School was e- 
 reftcd in the fame Year as the former, 
 and the Charge thereof is defrayed, by 
 
 the
 
 Q XFO ,5 
 
 the Advancement a Poor's Rare 
 
 yearly. They are, bcii'cs th-i.r other 
 Learning, to knit' their own and the 
 Boys Stockings. The Trnftecs arc the 
 laments, for the Boys School laft men- 
 tioij<ed. ' For theje Children of both 
 Schools the City hath fer up Galleries 
 in this Church. 
 
 4. In St. Peter's in the Baity, a School 
 for h.xty Girls, creFted at the Charge,' 
 and maintained by the Contributions of 
 feveral Members of the Univeriity, 
 whofe Names are not known. They are 
 taught to read, write, and fpin, and 
 to have the Cloath which is made of 
 their Spinning, for thcmfelves. They 
 go to Church twice every Day, and are 
 catechifed every Sunday and Holiday, 
 according to the Rubrick and Ca- 
 non. 
 
 5. In St. Thomas's Parifh there is a 
 School-houfe built at the "Expence of 
 two Hundred and nine Pounds, by a 
 private Gentleman, and a Mailer hath 
 
 D S H I R $. 
 
 the Ufc of it to teach Children in; and 
 i'j the Uf.2 of it he teacheth ten Boys 
 gratis. There are feveral other little- 
 pctry Schools up and down the City, at 
 which poor Children are taught at the 
 Charge of charitable Perfons; bin we 
 know no't exactly the Number, being 
 mixed with other Children, whofe. Pa- 
 rents pay for their School. They have 
 been computed at 30 or 40. 
 
 Sbipkke, a fniall School for five Chil- 
 dren upheld by the Minitter. 
 
 Wbitchurcb, two Schools for twenty 
 Boys, created by the Miniiter, and 
 carried on by his Intereft and Diligence 
 as fell as Charge. The Children are to 
 read and repeat the Catechifm. They 
 have each of them a Bible and a TVkoi'e 
 Duty of Man given them when they 
 leave the School. 
 
 Witney, a School for ten Boys, wholly 
 fupported by a Reverend Diviue. 
 
 Divines of 'Emimncy, faid by our Hljlor'ums to 
 be of this Shire ', lut the particular Place is not 
 known. 
 
 William Sy mantis , Fellow of Mag- 
 dalen College, who ehtring into 
 holy Orders about the Time he was 
 cholen, had a fpiritual Cure beftowed 
 on him at Halton-Holgate in Lincolfifiire, 
 by Sir Robert Berty Lord Wilhttgkty. He 
 having continued fome Years in it, was 
 removed from thence, and became 
 Preacher at St. Saviour's Church in South- 
 wark in 1613, about which Time he 
 took his Dolor's Degree. He was a 
 Perfon of a grave Deportment in his 
 Carriage, and an holy Life, moderate 
 in his Judgment) and painful in his 
 
 Miniftry, well learned in general, and 
 of rare L T nderftanding in the Propheti- 
 cal Scriptures. He hath in Print a 
 Book, which he hath entitled, Pif^ab 
 EvangeJica, written according to the Me- 
 thod of the Revelation, giving an Hi- 
 ftory of the ChrifHan Church and thofe 
 Canaanites, over which it fliall triumph, 
 Land. 1605. As alfo a Sermon, en- 
 titled, Virginia, being preached to the 
 Planters of that Colony in 1605;, on 
 Gen. xii. i, 2, 9. 
 
 Simon Wifdom, may be reckoned un- 
 der the Title of a Divine, tho' he lived, 
 R. r r z after
 
 .fter he came from the Univerfity, as a 
 Gentleman, and was a Juftice of Peace 
 in this County, having at the fame Time 
 & Theological Genius ; for he employed 
 All his Time in a Manner (being a zea- 
 lous and harmlefs Puritan in common 
 Eftimation) in virtuous Induftry and 
 Piety, as the. Books which he compofed 
 and left behind him do prove, viz. An A- 
 bridgcment of the Holy Hiftory of the 
 
 Old Teftament, from Mam to Chrijt, 
 Lontl. 1594. He is reputed the Foun- 
 der of the Free Schoolat Burford, to 
 which he gave feveral Conftiturions and 
 Orders for the Government, 13 Eliz. 
 He died at Sbipton-Undtrwood near Br- 
 ford y Anno 1623, and was buried with 
 fome of his Kindred in the Church-yard 
 there, at the Eaft End of the Chancel. 
 
 gg
 
 OXFO RV)S ffIR E. 
 
 501 
 
 fhe ALPHABETICAL TABLE for this County of 
 Oxford, fhewing the Tlaces, viz. City, Towns, Villages and 
 Hamlets^ deferred in the foregoing Hiftory, and their Si- 
 tuation in their fever al Hundreds and Deaneries ; together 
 with the Value of the Livings^ as well in the K.ings 
 Books, which are to pay Firft-fruits and Tenths, as real y 
 which being not above Fifty ^Pounds per Ann. are exempted 
 from faying them by the late A$ of Queen ANNE, for the 
 Augmentation of [mall Livings 3 &c. 
 
 Ad, 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 Adderbury 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 V. Dadington 
 
 ai 4 9 i 
 
 
 Adwell 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 4 13 9 
 
 
 Alkrington 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 R. Dadington 
 
 6 3 9 
 
 40 o o 
 
 Alnefton 
 
 Bampton 
 
 R. Witney 
 
 
 
 Alveftcot 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Albury or Albere 
 
 Dorchefter 
 
 R. Cuddefden 
 
 9 * 8 I 
 
 - 
 
 Amcrl'den 
 
 Bullington 
 
 V. Burcefter 
 
 ii 17 6 
 
 42 5 3 
 
 Amington 
 
 Pirton 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 ii o a i 
 
 
 Ardley 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 
 
 Afcot 
 
 Chadlington , 
 
 a Chapelry in Great Milton. 
 
 
 Aflenton upper 
 
 Pirton 
 
 an Hamlet in Pirton Parifli. 
 
 Aflenton neither 
 
 Pirtoa 
 
 an Hamlet in Bix Parifh. 
 
 Aftoi 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 7 9 4 1 
 
 ai 6 8 
 
 Aftol-Lye 
 
 Bampton 
 
 an Hamlet in the fame Parifh. 
 
 Afton North 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V. Woodftock 
 
 6* 10 o 
 
 40 o o 
 
 Afliton Rowant 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 V. Afton 
 
 16 18 ii 
 
 
 Afton Steple 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 16 a 8 
 
 
 Balden Marfli 
 
 Dorchefter 
 
 R. Cuddefden 
 
 6 13 4 
 
 
 Balden Toot < 
 
 Bullington 
 
 a Donative 
 
 
 
 Balden Lawrence 
 
 Bullington 
 
 an Hamlet in Toot BaJdwen, 
 
 Balden Little 
 
 Bullington 
 
 an Hamlet ibid 
 
 i . Pars, p 
 
 
 
 
 viz> ten 
 
 Bampton ^. Part. V 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 50 2 6 
 
 Pounds and 
 
 3. Pafs. 3 
 
 
 
 
 lod. each. 
 
 Banbury </ 
 
 Banbury 
 
 V.Daddington 
 
 22 O 2 
 
 
 St. John's 
 Barlbrd St. Michael 
 
 Banbury 
 Wotton 
 
 Ho. Daddingt. 
 V. Daddingto. 
 
 15 I 10 \ 
 6 14 10 
 
 id P5 ^ 
 
 8 10 o 
 
 Barton Steple 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V. Woodftock 
 
 7 9 4 * 
 
 . 
 
 Barton Welicote 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 700 
 
 
 Beckley 
 
 Bullington 
 
 V. Cnddefden 
 
 800 
 
 , 
 
 Begbrooke 
 
 Wotton 
 
 a Village 
 
 
 
 Benfington, vulg. ? 
 Benfon 5 
 
 Ewclme 
 
 a Donative 
 
 
 
 Berrick Priory 
 
 Ewelme 
 
 an Hamlet in Newington Pariii. 
 
 Eernck
 
 50* 
 
 Be. 
 
 un . ea.. 
 
 Deaneries. , i... V^H^tion.. ^ 
 JL'%VBc^.iL Real. 
 ,1 -I 
 
 Berrick Salome 
 Be ESTER, vulg.? , 
 Biflerer 5 
 
 Ewelme 
 Ploughley 
 
 a Rectory unit 
 V. Burcefter 
 
 ed to Chalgrove 
 16 . o o 
 
 Vicarage. 
 49 o o 
 
 Bixbrand and 
 Bixgebon 5 
 
 Binfield 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 9 14 10 * 
 
 
 Blackburton 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Henley 
 
 000 
 
 45 o 9 
 
 Bkdon,with Wood-> 
 ftock Chapel 5 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 i5 o 4 ' z 
 
 
 Bleohington 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 12 9 4 
 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 V. Da ding ton 
 
 17 19 4 
 
 
 Britwell Baldwin 
 
 Ewelme 
 
 Reft. Aftoij 
 
 18 id o I 
 
 
 Britwell Saiharn 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 6 19 2 
 
 
 Broadwcll 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 8 14 4 I 
 
 40 o o 
 
 Broughton 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 R. Dadington 
 
 18 16 o ' 2 
 
 
 Broughton Pogges,? 
 alias Pongis " 3 
 
 Bampton 
 
 * . 
 
 R. Witney 
 
 7 7-11 
 
 45" o 
 
 Bucknell 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 15 16 o I 
 
 
 Burcot 
 
 Dorcheller 
 
 an Hamlet t,o Dorchefter Town'. 
 
 BUR.FORD < cum ~} 
 
 
 
 
 
 capetta de Fut- C 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 * T i ^ T * 
 3 l J > J * 
 
 46 o e 
 
 broock j> 
 
 
 
 
 
 Burton Great 
 Burton Little 
 
 Banbury 7 
 Banbury 3 
 
 Small Villages with a Church not endowed. 
 
 Caflington 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V. Woodftock 
 
 i a o o 1 50 oo 
 
 Cavermam 
 
 Binfield 
 
 Donative 
 
 J 
 
 Cane-End is an Hamlet in this Parim. 
 
 Chackenden 
 
 Langtrce 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 19 9 4 I 
 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Chalgrove 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 V." Afton 
 
 10 5 5 
 
 
 C h a rl ton fuper O t mere 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 2.1 9 4 \ 
 
 
 Chaftleton 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 R.Chip. nort. 
 
 90 ^ I 
 
 
 Cherlbury 
 
 Banbury 
 
 V.Chip. nort. 
 
 25 5 10 
 
 
 Chefterton 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 V. Burcefter 
 
 7 8 8 
 
 45 
 
 Chinner 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 26 o 4 i 
 
 
 CHIPPlNcNoRTON rf 
 
 Chadlington. 
 
 V.Chip. nort. 
 
 10 6 8 
 
 46 ii 
 
 Chiflehampton 
 Church-HiJl 
 
 Dorchefter 
 Chadlington 
 
 a Donative in the Gift of Sir J f 
 V. Chip. nort. I 7 16 o i 
 
 IDoiley. 
 14 I 
 
 Clanfield 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney . .7 6 4 \ 
 
 30 o 
 
 Clare 
 
 Pirton 
 
 an Hamlet in Pirton Parifli. 
 
 
 Clatercot 
 
 Baubury 
 
 
 
 
 CJeydon 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 
 Clifton 
 
 Dorchcitcr 
 
 a Donative 
 
 
 
 Cokcthorp 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Coddington 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 i 
 
 t 
 
 
 Combe-long 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Coome 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Cottesford 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 6 13 4 
 
 48 5 
 
 Cowley- temple 
 
 Bullmgton 
 
 a Donative 
 
 
 
 Cromilh-giftoi'd 
 
 Langtrtc 
 
 R, Henley , 
 
 li 5- oob 
 
 - 1~> 
 
 or
 
 XPO Rti 
 
 *- 
 D. 
 
 . Hundreds. 
 
 - Deaneries: ' 
 
 Valtatton. 
 
 
 
 
 m 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 CornVcll 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 Il.Ohip. Norr. 
 
 1 4 2 
 
 45 o o 
 
 Cropredie 
 
 Ban bv.i y 
 
 V. Dadingron 
 
 26 10 10 
 
 
 Crov.'cl 
 
 Le\vkuor 
 
 lion 
 
 7 9 9 ob 
 
 
 Cuddefden ' 
 
 BuHyigton 
 
 V. (/i.cidefdon 
 
 17 o 5 
 
 
 Cuxham 
 
 Ewelme 
 
 H. Afton 
 
 9 10 5 
 
 
 Dfiddington <g 
 
 Wotron 
 
 V. Dadingron 
 
 15 4 ob 
 
 4$ o o 
 
 Denton 
 
 Bnll'rgron 
 
 an Hamiec in Cuddefdon Parifli. &* 
 
 Dickley 
 
 Wocton 
 
 I 
 
 
 DORCHESTER tf 
 
 Dorc'nciler 
 
 a Donative I 
 
 
 Dracot 
 
 Ewe 1m 
 
 *n Hamlet 
 
 
 Draiton 
 
 Dorcherter 
 
 a Donative of 20 /. per Arin. 
 
 Ducklington 
 
 Bampron 
 
 R. Witney 
 
 24 10 4, 
 
 
 Dunflow 
 
 Wot ton 
 
 V. Woodftock 
 
 8 ^ 8 ob 
 
 
 Dunfden 
 
 Binfield 
 
 an Hamlet of Binfield To-wn. 
 
 
 Elford, or Yelford 
 
 Bampton- 
 
 R. Witney 
 
 4 3 6 ob 
 
 2pt IO 0> 
 
 Elsfield 
 
 BulHngton 
 
 V. Cuddefdon 
 
 6 8 ' j ob 
 
 
 Emington or Amiogton 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 II O "2 cb" 
 
 
 Enftiam 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V. \Voodftock 
 
 15 14 2 
 
 40- o o 
 
 Eqfton or Ewfton 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 V.Chip. Nort. 
 
 9 14- 4J 
 
 .3(J 00 
 
 Efmgton or Eafington 
 
 Ewelme 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 412 6 
 
 55 l8 o 
 
 Ewelme, vulg. \ 
 
 T?\VA| m 
 
 CR. Afton 
 
 21 10 5 
 
 
 Newel me $ 
 
 Xj \VclUL' 
 
 ^Ho. Afton 
 
 10 O 
 
 
 Faringdon Little 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Fauler 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 
 Fencot 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Finmore 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 S < 4,06 
 
 
 Finftock 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 
 Forrelt-hill 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Fringford 
 
 Ploughley. 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 12. 1 6 ocb 
 
 
 Fritwell 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 V. Burcefter. 
 
 7 9 4^ 
 
 34 s --1- 
 
 Fulbrooke 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Fuhvcll 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 
 
 
 Fylkins 
 
 Bamton 
 
 
 
 
 Garfington 
 
 Bullirgton 
 
 R. Cuddefdon 
 
 14 19 8] 
 
 
 Gatehamptcn- 
 
 Langtrce 
 
 
 
 
 Glimpton 
 
 Worton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 6 16. o 
 
 j 
 
 Godingroa 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter. 
 
 7 18 9 
 
 
 Godftow 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Goldar 
 
 Pirton 
 
 
 
 
 Goring Upper and 7 
 Nether 5 
 
 Langtree 
 
 
 
 -i 
 
 Grays, Grays-court 
 
 Binfield 
 
 
 
 
 Greenfield 
 
 Pirton 
 
 an Hamlerin Watlmgton Parifh,*. 
 
 Halton 
 
 Bulliugton 
 
 R. Cuddefdon 
 
 12 19- Z 
 
 
 Hampton Gay 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 
 
 
 Hampton Poile 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 d z 8 C 6 
 
 j 
 
 Hampton Short 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Hanborough, J-eng 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 it <5 ooi 
 
 
 WaiiVi'tU 
 
 Bloxli&nx 
 
 R,, Dedington 
 
 17. id. o.pi 

 
 504 
 
 OXFORDSHIRE. 
 
 H*. 
 
 'T 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kingt Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 Hardwick 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 500 
 
 19 i| 4 
 
 Harecourt 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Hanvt'ck 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Hafely Magna 
 
 Ewelme 
 
 R. CudJefdon 
 
 20 O 
 
 
 This Re&ory is annexed to the Deanery of Windfor. 
 
 Hafeley Parva 
 
 Ewe 1 me 
 
 
 
 
 Hayley 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Heath 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefier 
 
 7 9 4 
 
 
 Heathorp, alias ? 
 Hay thorp 5 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 R. Chip. Nor;:. 
 
 7 II lOob 
 
 
 Hendington 
 
 Bi;Ilington 
 
 
 
 
 Hempton 
 
 Wot ton 
 
 
 
 
 Henley upon V f 
 Thames 5 
 
 Binfield 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 11 i 3 
 
 
 Henlington 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Heyford ad Pontem 
 
 Pioughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 10 13 I ob 
 
 
 Hey ford Warren 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 13 10 o ob 
 
 
 Hinton 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Holcomb 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 an Hamlet in Newingtott Parifli. 
 
 Holwell 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Hook-norton o * 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Horfpendcn, vulg.? 
 Harding 5 
 
 Binfield 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 12 TO 5 
 
 
 Horton 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Huddon 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Howe 
 
 Pirton 
 
 a Village in Watlington Parifh. 
 
 Huntercomb 
 
 Ewelme 
 
 a Barony anciently, now only a Farm. 
 
 Jbfton 
 
 Pirton 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 9 9 4ob 
 
 50 o 
 
 Idbury 
 Ifley, or Eyflcy 
 
 Chadlington 
 Bullington 
 
 V. Cuddefdon 
 
 800 
 
 
 Jngefton 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Jpfden 
 
 Langtree 
 
 R. annexed to North Stoke Vicarag* 
 
 Ipwell 
 
 Dorchefter 
 
 
 
 
 Iflip 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 16 13 6 ob 
 
 
 Kelmifcot 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Kencot 
 
 Bampton 
 
 R. VVitney 
 
 6 19 4ob 
 
 
 Kiddington, or ? 
 Cuddington $ 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 1 94^ 
 
 
 Kidlington 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Kingham 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 R.Chip.Nort. 
 
 17 ii 8 
 
 
 Kirtlington 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 
 
 
 Langford 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 V. Henley 
 
 ai 19 406 
 
 
 Lafhbrooke 
 Latchford 
 
 Binfield 
 Ewelm 
 
 R.Wit.fe 
 ^JiCC. 
 
 15 14 i 
 19 6 lo ob 
 
 
 Lawnton 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burceiter 
 
 ii 9 406 
 
 
 Led well 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Lefield 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Lewe 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Lcwknor 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 V. Afton 
 
 li I? 30$, 
 
 4* 7 ? 
 
 5 LiJlin'g-
 
 O XFO R<D S HIRE. 
 
 Li. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Lillingfton Lovel 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 8 9 q.ob 
 
 
 Littlemore 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Lye North 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V. Woodftock 
 
 9 a o 
 
 38 o o 
 
 Lye South 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Lyncham 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Mangwell 
 
 Langtree 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 9 9 40$ 
 
 
 Mapledurum Gurney 
 
 Binfield 
 
 V. Henley 
 
 12 JO 
 
 
 Mapledurum Chawes 
 
 Langtree 
 
 
 
 
 Marfton 
 
 Bullington 
 
 V. Burcefter 
 
 800 
 
 110 
 
 Merton 
 
 Bullington 
 
 Donative 
 
 
 
 Middleton Stony 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 12 1 6 Gob 
 
 
 Milcomb 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 Milton 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 R.Cudd.Linc. 
 
 24. o o 
 
 
 Milton 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 R.Cudd.Eccl. 
 
 33 1 8 6 ob 
 
 
 Minfter Lovel 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 897. 
 
 40 
 
 Mixbury 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 15 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Moccot 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Mollington 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 More North 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 R. Witney 
 
 18 17 6ob 
 
 
 Morecot 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 Morton <> 
 
 Tame 
 
 an Hamlet in Tame Parifli. 
 
 
 Mylton Little 
 
 Tame 
 
 an Hamlet in Great Mylton. 
 
 
 Milton Great 
 
 Tame 
 
 V. Cuddefdon 
 
 15 o o 
 
 
 Neithorp 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 
 Nettlebed 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 
 
 
 Newbridge 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Newington 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 R. Cuddefdon 
 
 18 13 4 
 
 
 Newnham Courtney 
 
 Bullington 
 
 R. Cuddefdon 
 
 15 6 cob 
 
 
 Ncwnham Warren 
 
 Langtree 
 
 
 
 
 Newton 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 Newton South 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V. Dadington 
 
 800 
 
 20 o o 
 
 Newton Purcel ? 
 cum Shelliswell 5 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 3 15 5 
 
 400 
 
 
 Nb'ke 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Cuddefdon 
 
 797 
 
 42 o o 
 
 Norton Brimer 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 9 7 ii 
 
 42 o a 
 
 Norton Over 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Nuflfield or Tuffield 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 7 16" I ob 
 
 
 Oakley 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Ockerton 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 Odington 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 12 16 2 
 
 
 Ocmore 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Overy 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Overton 
 
 Bullington ; R. Dadington 
 
 6 t 8 ob 
 
 
 OXFORD hath thefe Churches in it thus valued. 
 
 
 - 
 
 St. Ebbes 
 
 - . 
 
 a Rectory 
 
 3 5 i 
 
 
 St. Mary 
 
 .... 
 
 a Vicarage 
 
 540 
 
 
 St. Giles 
 
 _ - 
 
 a Vicarage 
 
 5 i * 8 ob 
 
 
 St. Peter 
 
 in Baliol 
 
 a Re&ory 
 
 3 14 o 
 
 
 5t. Petex 
 
 in the Eaft 
 
 a Vicarage 
 
 ij a e 
 
 S f f St. Aldate
 
 XF R T> SHIRE. 
 
 St. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 St. Aldate 
 
 . .. 
 
 a Rectory 
 
 813 zob 
 
 
 St. Martin 
 
 _____ 
 
 a Re&ory 
 
 8 i 5 
 
 
 Piddington 
 
 Bullington 
 
 V. Burcefter 
 
 o o o 
 
 41 7 
 
 Pirton 
 
 Pirton 
 
 V. Afton 
 
 17 9 4-ob 
 
 
 Pofcombe 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Preftend 
 
 Tame 
 
 
 
 
 Pudlicot 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Radcot 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Ramfden 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Ricot 
 
 Tame 
 
 
 
 Roake 
 
 Ewelm an Hamlet, Part in Benfington, Part in Ewelra, 
 and Part in Berrick Salome. 
 
 Rotherfield Greys 
 
 Binfield 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 10 12 Sob 
 
 
 Rotherfield-Pippard 
 Rolwright Magna 
 Rolwright Parva 
 
 Binfield 
 Chadlington 
 Chadlington 
 
 R. Henley 
 R. Chip. Nort. 
 R. Chip. Nort. 
 
 9 9 *ob 
 16" 9 qob 
 J 6 8 
 
 45 o o 
 
 Rowflianv 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 n 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Sal ford 
 Sandford 
 
 Chadlington 
 Bullington 
 
 R.Chip. Nort. 
 V. Woodftock 
 
 9 ii 3 
 7 o 5 
 
 25 oo 
 
 Sarefden , 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 R. Chip. Nort. 
 
 8 1 8 106 
 
 
 Scadham 
 
 Tame 
 
 
 
 
 " 
 
 Sewcot 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 
 
 
 Shelwell 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 Sherborn 
 
 Pirton 
 
 V. Afton 
 
 10 16* o ob 
 
 27 o o 
 
 Shetford 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 "^ / 
 
 Shifford 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 _ 
 
 
 Shilton 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney. 
 
 5 5 5 
 
 4.8 O O 
 
 Shillingford 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 an Hamlet of Benfington. 
 
 *T V ' w w 
 
 Shiplake 
 
 BinEeld 
 
 V. Henley 
 
 7 i o ob 
 
 44 o o 
 
 Shipton under, ? 
 Cherwell S 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 II 9 4o& 
 
 
 Shipton under ? 
 Whichwood 5 
 
 :R.Chip. Nort. 
 Chadlington J V . Chip. Nort. 
 
 39 * 3 
 16 o o 
 
 -- 
 
 Shutford 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 
 Sidenham 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Sommerton, 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 15 I 10 ob 
 
 
 Sound efle 
 
 _ 
 
 
 
 
 Sou Idem 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 8 14 a 
 
 | 
 
 Southorp 
 Spilsbury 
 
 Chadlington 
 Chadlington 
 
 V. Chip. Nort. 
 
 989 
 
 
 Stadham 
 
 Dorchclter 
 
 a Donative 
 
 
 
 Standell 
 
 Pirton 
 
 an Hamlet with a decayed Chapel in Pirton 
 
 Stanford 
 
 Wotton 
 
 CParift. 
 
 : tanlake 
 
 Bampton 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 id 10 10 
 
 
 Stan ton Hare- court 
 
 Bullington \ 
 
 V. Woodftock 
 
 16 13 4 
 
 34 o o 
 
 Stan ton St. John's 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. CuddelHon 
 
 .16 9 4 - 
 
 
 Stanvile, alias 7 
 Park-corner 5 
 
 Binfield 
 
 an Hamlet, Part in Bix, and 1 
 
 'art in Swin- 
 
 / I. 
 
 Stoke Line J Floughlcy 
 
 V. Burcefter J oo oo oo 
 
 (combe. 
 37 8 10 
 
 Stoke
 
 XFO R T> S H IR E. 
 
 5-07 
 
 St. 
 
 Hundreds, 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kings "Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 Stoke North 
 
 Langtree 
 
 V. Henley 
 
 14 10 o 
 
 
 Stoke Rew 
 
 Langtree 
 
 
 
 
 Stoke South 
 
 Dorchefter 
 
 V. Henley 
 
 12 6 O ob 
 
 30 o o 
 
 Stoke Talmage 
 
 Pirton 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 12 17 I 
 
 
 Stoken -Church 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Stonesfield 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 410 9 ob 
 
 40 o o 
 
 Stonor 
 
 Pirton 
 
 
 
 
 Stratton Audley 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 
 
 
 Studley 
 
 Bullington 
 
 a Donative 
 
 
 
 Sutwell 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 SwaclifFe 
 
 Banbury 
 
 V. Dadington 
 
 7 9 4ob 
 
 
 Swarford 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 R.Chip. Nort. 
 
 1571 
 
 
 Swinbrooke 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Swincomb 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 7 9 4 6 
 
 
 Sybberds Ferris 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 Sybberds Gore 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 Synett 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Takely 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 19 9 406 
 
 
 Tadilfthorp 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Tadmerton Lower 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 R, Dadington 
 
 13 II O ob 
 
 
 Tadmerton Upper 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 Tadmerton Great 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 
 Tangley 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Tetfworth 
 
 Tame 
 
 
 
 
 Tew Little 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Tew Great 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V. Dadington 
 
 6 13 3 
 
 
 Tew Dunfe 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Teynton 
 
 Chadliagton 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 7 9 4<* 
 
 20 o o 
 
 Thame <g 
 
 CK. Tame 
 IV. Tame 
 
 82 12 3 ob 
 18 o o 
 
 43 o a 
 
 Thorpe 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Thorpe 
 
 Langtree 
 
 
 
 
 Thoulkford 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Tiddington 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 Tinmore 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 
 
 
 Tufmore 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 35 o 
 
 15 oo 
 
 Tythorp 
 
 Lewknor 
 
 
 
 
 Upton 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 
 Walcot 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Warborough 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wardenton 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 
 Warpfgrove 
 
 Ewelm ^Z a tne '( 
 
 2 II 10 ob 
 
 
 Warton 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Water-Eaton 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Cuddefdon 
 
 10 00 10 
 
 
 Water-Perry 
 
 Tame 
 
 V. Cuddefdon 
 
 8 I 5 ob 
 
 55 o 
 
 Water-Stock 
 
 Tame 
 
 R. Cuddefdon 
 
 10 l6 Oob 
 
 
 Watlington < 
 
 Pirton 
 
 V. Afton 
 
 IZ 
 
 57 4 * 
 
 Weald 
 
 Bampton 
 
 
 
 mrr . 
 
 Wend-
 
 8 
 
 XFO R T> SHIRE. 
 
 We. 
 
 Hundreds, 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valttathoi 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Wendlcbury 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 R. Burcefter 
 
 II 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Wefton North 
 
 Tame 
 
 
 
 
 Wefton South 
 
 Tame 
 
 R, Afton 
 
 9 a 6 
 
 
 Wefton on the Green 
 
 Ploughley 
 
 V. Burcefter 
 
 o o o 
 
 18 o o 
 
 Weftwell 
 
 Bam p ton 
 
 R. Whitney 
 
 * 3 9 
 
 
 Whateley 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 
 Which wood Foreft 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Whitchurch 
 
 Langtree 
 
 R. Henley 
 
 16 a SoZ> 
 
 
 Whitfield 
 
 Pirton 
 
 R. Afton 
 
 9 10 10 
 
 
 Wickham 
 
 Banbury 
 
 
 
 
 Wiggington 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 R. Dadington 
 
 17 a 806 
 
 
 WhighiJl 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Wilcot 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 a 13 4 
 
 21 10 
 
 Williamfcot 
 
 Banbury 
 
 R, Witney 
 
 47 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Witney & 
 
 Witney 
 
 V. Witney 
 
 9 it 6 
 
 
 Witch 
 
 Chadlington 
 
 
 
 
 Wivill 
 
 Langtree 
 
 
 
 
 Wiveold 
 
 Ewelm 
 
 
 
 
 Wolvenot 
 
 Wotton 
 
 
 
 
 Woodcot 
 
 Dorchefter. 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Wood-eaton 
 
 Bullington 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 WOODSTOCK 
 
 Wotton 
 
 Chap.Woodft. 
 
 5- 3 
 
 
 Worton Nether 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. 
 
 
 
 Worton Over 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Dadington 
 
 6 2 Sob 
 
 1 
 
 j 
 
 Wotton 
 
 Wotton 
 
 R. Woodftock 
 
 15 a Sob 
 
 1 
 
 Wroxton 
 
 Bloxham 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 Y arm on 
 
 Wotton 
 
 V, Woodftock 
 
 $ 5 4. 

 
 OXFOTID 
 
 Slnjre 
 
 -o 
 
 i- 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 1 
 
 .3 
 
 1 
 
 N 
 
 H 
 
 * 
 
 - - 
 
 17 17 g 11 27 27 24 
 
 f| 7 J- J? 17 12 22 '1C J4 
 
 Cotfedfirram~ jf Ji -> 21 i" g ij 19 
 
 22 16 Jff -22 <22 X 
 
 Reding. jC\ 
 WLmgfbrcUZ' 
 
 2/ 2& f4 JV 2.7. !?7 J8 22 4 
 
 \.<yaa,J\jy ^4 -*$ 3 "8 2% 2 SO '2A 
 
 ' 1^ JK- 6 O IK 27 -2- 9O 
 ^/ \s ^ <./ i ^' y 
 
 JJ 22 2^ 2^ 02 ft Itj Q 6 
 
 8 
 
 24 24 22 
 2* U JO, 
 ' 2C 24 12 
 
 y i? 6 
 
 a i? 20 
 
 QO >22 Qc 
 
 34 26 20 
 
 6 33* 
 
 6 
 
 2 S & 
 
 3 4 
 
 4 
 
 V 
 24 
 
 ao a. 
 
 ay 
 
 23 4 -4 
 
 22 at jg 
 26 26 04. 
 28 a? oi 
 
 5 jo 96 
 
 (28 
 
 24 28 
 22 lo 
 
 J> 
 
 Jl 
 
 7 
 
 j6 
 
 22 <24 
 
 16 8 
 
 28 
 
 6 
 
 42 
 
 i3 14 ?z jo ?*> 34 '21 d ?
 
 JIO 
 
 Rutland/Lire. 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE, in the 
 Saxon Language Roelan&, 
 is a Midland County, en- 
 compafled on the Eaft with 
 Limohjbire and Northampton- 
 _jl)ire, which laft County bounds it on the 
 South in Part ; and then Leicefterjhire en- 
 compafled the remaining Part on the 
 South, and all the Weft, with Part of 
 the North, which Lincolnjlrire finifheth ; 
 It is *lmoft of a circular Form. 
 
 Our Hiftorians have taken much Pains 
 to find out the Original of the Name. 
 The People of the County pleafe them- 
 felves with a Story derived to them by 
 Tradition, That a certain Mercian King, 
 whofe Name is dropt, having a Favou- 
 rite named Rut, or Roet, grve him as 
 jnuch Land in this Part of his Kingdom 
 
 as he could ride round in a Day, and 
 he riding about the Land, now made 
 into a County within the Time appoint- 
 ed, had it thereupon given him, and he 
 impofed upon it the Name of Rut's Land, 
 now called Rutland, for, Brevity-fake ; 
 : 'but this Account by all our Writers is 
 accounted fabulous. And therefore fe- 
 veral of them have attempted to find a 
 better. Mr. Cambden modeftly propounds 
 his Opinion thus : 'In regard that the 
 Soil of this County is in many Places 
 of fo red a Colour, that it dyes as it 
 were the Fleeces of the Sheep; and 
 confidering the Saxons call a red Co- 
 lour Roet and Rud, why may we not 
 fufpeft that Rutland was named fo from 
 thence ? For as the Poet fpeaks, 
 
 "* Conveniunt relus nomina. fepe fuiS' That is, 
 
 * By Obfervation, this we often fee, 
 
 * The Names of Things and Natures do agree. 
 
 14 Thus feveral Places, among all Na- 
 ' tions, have taken their Names from 
 ' Rednefs, as Rutlan-CaJlle in Wales is 
 '* fo called, becaufe 'tis built on a red 
 ** Shire, the Red 'Promontory, the Red 
 
 * Sea between JEpypt and Arabia, Eritheia 
 
 * in Knia, and feveral others.' There is 
 therefore, concludes he, no Occafion to 
 liften to Fables for an Etymology. But 
 Mr. Wright will not allow this Conje&ure 
 to be well grounded, but fays, that it is 
 
 * little more probable than the former, 
 and but a little ; for by all his Obferva- 
 tion he never perceived that there was 
 any fuch ruddy Soil as Mr. 
 
 mentions, but in one Part of this Coun- 
 ty, and that is about Glaijlon ; and he 
 doth not doubt, but 'in moli of the 
 Counties of England, a Mould of the 
 fame Colour is found in one Part or o- 
 ther of it, and that nothing differing from 
 that which is found here ; for as to the 
 Rednefs, faid to be thereby imparted to 
 the Wool of the Sheep, fed and lying 
 upon it, fome affirm there is no fuch 
 Thing, and the Inhabitants do not con- 
 tradifi it. Having thus confuted this 
 Opinion, he adds one Etymology more, 
 which is, That Rotelandia may be poflibly 
 fo called, from its circular Figur
 
 Rotunda landia, or Rctundlandia r which, 
 for more eafy Pronunciation in common 
 "Ufe, might become Rutlandia or Rut- 
 land \ and this the rather, becaufe the 
 Word Rotunda fignifieth not only round, 
 but well fafliioned, handfome and perfect, 
 in all which Significations it may be fit- 
 ly enough applied to this County. 
 
 But the Author of the Additions to 
 Cambden diflikes Mr. Wright's Conje&ure, 
 and fays, That Rotunda landia will hard- 
 ly have the Approbation of the Learn- 
 ed till feme probable Account can be 
 given, how this County came by a La- 
 tin Name more than other Counties of 
 England.. The Conqueft could not bring 
 it in, becaufe we find it fo called in the 
 Time of King Edward the Confeflbr : 
 (as will hereafter be fhewed) And be- 
 fide, fo much of it as belonged to Not- 
 tingbamjbire, (to which the Name' of 
 
 Roteland was given before if was united 
 with the reft) is far from making a cir- 
 cular Figure, how round foever it may 
 be, fince they have been joined together; 
 fo that upon the whole, the Original of 
 the Name of the County- is altogether 
 unknown, and the Inhabitants may keep 
 up their Tradition without Confutation, 
 there being but little Difference between 
 a fabulous and uncertain Original. 
 
 This County is the Icaft in England, 
 though it is at prefent much bigger than 
 it was at the firlt Divifion of this Part of 
 the Ifland into Shires ; for one Part of it 
 called then Wicelfea, now Witchley Wa^en- 
 take, which lies on the South Eaft Side,, 
 belonged to Northamptonpire, if we may 
 believe a Note inferted in later Times 
 in Domefday-Book, under that. Shire, 
 tothisEffeft: 
 
 iptio coram Willielmo de Saham, gf Sociis fttis infer 
 Rageman de Anno quarto Edvardi ' I. 
 
 Com. Ncrtlar.ton. Hundred, de Sutton Jura- 
 tores Inquijit. quet Hundred. QPc. Jint in Com. . 
 Nortbanttm d'uunt, quod Comit.it. Rotelandy . 
 quondam fult -pertinent ad Com it at. iftum, 
 quoufq', Domixus Henricus (ejus rominls ter- 
 tius} ReXy Pater Domini Regis none ilium 
 dedit Domino Regi Alman. fed nefciunt de 
 mcdo. Huic concordat Hundred de Spelko, & 
 blura alia Hundreda ibidem. Another Part 
 of this Shire did then alfo belong to Not- 
 tinghamjbire, as we may infer from its 
 being annexed to the Defcription of that 
 County in Domefday-Book, and the 
 Authority of the Shiriff of Nottingham- 
 (Inre, which remained in that Part to the 
 Reign of the faid King Henry III. Reg. 
 51. for by a Statute then made, that She- 
 riff is appointed to be Efcheator for this 
 County. The Towns now of this Coun- 
 ty, which then belonged to Nottingham- 
 fore, arc Gretbam, Cotefmcre, Overton and 
 Strattcr>i Tijierton, Tigh, Wickendon, Ex- 
 cnton y Witewett, Alftantborp, Eurgley and 
 Exwell in Alfnodeftou, or Alftoe Wapentake, 
 and OchcbAm Ckerchefocb, cum quinq, 
 Berewicis, Hameldune C1ocrchefoc'be\ > cum 
 fiptem Berew. and Ridlington Cbercbefoche* 
 cum fqtem Bsrew. in Martinjley Wafen- 
 
 ta\e. Of thefe Towns and Villages the 
 Sheriff of Nottingham gathered the King's 
 Tax or Revenue, which in the Time, 
 when the Conqueror's Survey was made, 
 did amount to an Hundred and fifty 
 Pounds of Silver per Ann. from Roteland^ 
 according to the Words of the Record,. 
 which run thus : HAC duo Wapent- adja- 
 cent Vicecomitatui $Kotingbam ad Geld. Re- 
 gis Roieland Reddit Regi centum quinqna[* 
 libra* albas. When thefe Wapentakes, in 
 ConjunQion with fome others, were made 
 into a diftinft County, and upon what Oc- 
 cafion, is altogether unknown to us. 
 Mr. Cambden tells us, that the Authors 
 who Wrote of our English Affairs about 
 400 Years ago, make no Mention of it 
 as of a feparate Shire ', but that will by 
 and by prove a Miftake from Donocfdaj- 
 Book, where it is mentioned as -an er,~ 
 tire Parcel of Land or Soakc, in fpcak- 
 ing of the Eftate which Grfleeeirt de G.vt 
 held in Empir.gbam in this -Aianner : Iffe 
 tenet in eadem vitiH feptew^Bi'd. term^ & d.'~ 
 medium & unam Bcvatam- terr<c de Socn R * 
 gis de Rctelandj & dicit. Regent fieum 
 
 Mr.
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 Mr. Canttdert places this County among 
 the Corltatti in the Roman Times, and 
 that properly enough, whether it were a 
 feparate Shire or not, Nottinghamshire and 
 'Northamptorjlnre being included in that 
 Divifion of the Britalns ; and in the Sax- 
 i*n Times it was Part of the Mercian King- 
 dom, of which we have treated elfe- 
 where. The moft ancient Accounts we 
 have of this County are in King Edward 
 the -Confeflbr's Reign, who by his Uft 
 Will and Teftament bequeathed this lit- 
 tle County to Eadgith his Queen, condi- 
 tionally, that after her Death it fliould 
 go to the Monaftery of St. Peter's -at 
 Weftmixjter. The Words of his Will are, 
 Vote, quod pofl Mortem Eadgith<e Regina, 
 &c. i. e. I will, that after the Deceafe of 
 Queen Eadgith my Wife, Roteland, with 
 .all Things thereunto belonging, be given 
 to my Monatlery of the moft bleiTed St. 
 Peter, and that it be furrendred without 
 Delay, to the Abbot and Monks there 
 lerving God for ever. This Donation 
 ^vas a little after confirmed to the laid 
 Monaftery, with divers other Poflefiions 
 and Hereditaments beftowed on them by 
 former Kings, by a large Charter found 
 in Sir W. Dtfgdale's Monajltcon, bearing 
 Date at Wejlmtnjter on the Feaft of the 
 Holy Innocent s, Anr.o 1064. Reg. 25. It is 
 alfo recorded in the Conqueror's Sur- 
 vey, that Morcar, Earl of Northumber- 
 <fand, was ia this Reign poflefled ofCafter- 
 ton in the County or Rutland, which 
 Ihews, that then it was efteemed a di- 
 ftinct County, and the rather, becaule 
 that Town is in neither of thofe Wapen- 
 tal-es, which are found belonging either 
 to Northamptonshire or Nottinghamshire ; as 
 likewife were Barrowden and Seyton, the 
 Eftate of Robert de Todlnei in this County, 
 \yhen the faid Survey was taken. 
 
 But the former Settlement was foon 
 refcindcd, by the Coining of William the 
 Norman, commonly called the Conque- 
 ror, who governed by the Sword, and 
 dilannullcd and took what he pleafcd. 
 He feiied this litrle County entire into 
 his own Hands ; and allowing to the Mo- 
 oaftery of St. Peter the Tithes of Rut- 
 land oul y, refer vcd a great Part of the 
 
 Lands to himfelf, and divided the reft 
 to his Kindred and Followers, viz. Ro- 
 bert Malet, Lord great Chamberlain, 
 whofe Father was a great Captain at the 
 Battle of Hajlings, and had Charge of 
 the Interment of King Harold's Body ; 
 Gilbert de Gant, his Wife's Brother's 
 Son, who alfo was a Leader in the fame 
 Army ; Earl Htfgh, and Aubrey the Clerk,' 
 with divers others ; but he was moil 
 efpecially liberal to his Niece Judith* 
 and Maud Countefs of Albemarle, his Si* 
 fter by Mother's Side, to whom he gave 
 fome Manors in this County, but not 
 diftinftly known ; yet, as we fuppofe, to 
 h6ld of the Crown by certain Rents and 
 Services; becaufe we obferve, that in 
 the Reign of King John, Ifabel his Queen, 
 at her Coronation, had affigned in Par- 
 liament for her Dower, among other 
 Lands, the County of Rutland, and the 
 Town of Rdkingbam in the County of 
 Northampton, with the common Confent 
 and unanimous Agreement of the Arcb- 
 biftiops, Bilhops, Earls, Barons, and 
 Clergy, with the whole Commons of the 
 Realm. At this Time the Cujlos, or She- 
 riff, colle&ed the Profits and Rents of 
 this County, and paid them into the 
 Exchequer for the King's Ufe ; and be- 
 caufe it doth not appear that any of 
 thcfe Cujlodes were chofen - before the 
 tenth Year of King Henry II. Air. Wright 
 is of the Opinion, that this County was 
 not fo before ; but why then doth 
 Domefday-Book (as is above fhcwed) 
 place thofe Towns in Roteland as a di- 
 ftina County ? It is probable this Coun- 
 ty might be before under the Jurifdic- 
 tion of the Sheriffs of Nottingham or 
 Northampton Shires, and yet be a diftinft 
 County, having no Sheriff of its own 
 till Henry II* appointed one ; but in fuch 
 Matters of Oblcurity, let the Reader 
 judge and believe as hepleafeth. 
 
 Of the Wapentakesof this County, Mr. 
 Wright gives us this Relation ; i. That 
 at the Conquclt, when the Survey was 
 made by King William, commonly called 
 Domefday-Book, there was in RoteLind 
 two Wapentakes, or Hundreds only viz 
 and Mvtinjley, The firft had
 
 R U? LA N 
 
 2n it two Hundreds, confifting of twenty- 
 four Carucates each, and the other had 
 but one Hundred, which contained 
 twelve Carucates, befides three demefne 
 Manors of th6 King's. Thefe two 
 Wapentakes belonged to the Sheriff of 
 Nottingham to coHe& the Tax, or Geld ; 
 but fince we may obferve ( as is before 
 mentioned) that there were ibme other 
 Towns, -as Cafterton, Barreivden and Seyton, 
 laid in the lame grand Record to be in 
 Rutland, it is reasonable to fuppofe, that 
 -according to the Inquifition taken at 
 Okebam, upon the Feafts of St. Tibertlui 
 and St. Valerian, 14 April, 9 Edw. II. be- 
 fore Gilbert Holm, Sheriff of -Rutland, 
 that there were two other Wapentakes in 
 this County, tho* nor under the Jurif- 
 di&ion of the Sheriff of Nottingham, viz.' 
 Eajl Hundred and Wrangdike, in which 
 thefc Towns are ; and fo there were 
 .four Hundreds in the Conqueror's Time, 
 viz,' Martin/ley and Alnjloe, Eajl Hundred 
 and Wrangdyke. Of the three firft of 
 Which the King was Lord, and received 
 the Profits of the fame, (except of cer- 
 tain Liberties) all which that King af- 
 figned to the Lady Margaret, Wife to 
 Piers de Gxvejton Duke of Cornwall, his 
 Favourite, to be held by her during 
 the King's Pleafure. The Hundred of 
 Wrangdyke was at that Time the Eftate 
 of Guy de Beaucbamp, Earl of Warwick, 
 who at his Death left it with the reft of 
 his Lands to his Son and Heir Thomas, 
 who being a Minor, the King patted o- 
 ver his Eftate, during his Nonage to 
 Hugh de Spenjer the Elder, another of his 
 Favourites, in Satisfaction of a Debt of 
 67707. due to him from the King. Air-. 
 .Wright fuppofeth, th&t Okebam Soke, which 
 now makes a diftinS Hundred, was at this 
 Time included, in the Hundred of Mar- 
 tlnflty. 
 
 i. That this County is now divided into 
 five Hundreds, viz,' Okebam-Soke, which 
 lies oa the Edge of Leicejlerjbire, and 
 contains the greateft Part of the Welt- 
 fide of the County, but has one Town, 
 called Clipfiam, parted from it by the 
 Hundred of Alftae, and fituate on the 
 Borders of Lincoln jilre t almoft on the ut- 
 
 2) SHIR E. 513 
 
 moft northern Point. In this Hundred 
 there are befides Okeham, from which 
 it takes its Name, eight other Towns 
 and Villages. ^. Alftoe Hundred, which 
 takes up the other Part of the Weftern 
 Border, and all the Northern Parrs. 
 This Hundred con tarns in it twelve 
 Towns and Villages. 3. Eaj! Hundred lies 
 upon the Eaft fide of the County, and 
 borders upon Llncolnfolre about StAmfcrJ t 
 and hath in it thirteen Towns and Villa- 
 ges. Within this Hundred there is an- 
 other, tho' not taken Notice of in common 
 Computation, called the Hundred of Lit- 
 tle Caflerton, containing eight Parilhes 
 and Towns, which was given by King 
 Henry VII. Reg. 10. to Chriftopher Brown t 
 Efq; whofe Heirs have enjoyed it ever 
 fince. This we thought fit to mention, 
 tho' in our Defcription we fliall follow 
 the common Eftimation, and treat of 
 thofe Towns under the Eajl Hundred. 
 4. Wrangdyke or Barrowden Hundred, takes 
 up all the South Parts of the County, 
 and borders upon Nertbamptonjbire. It 
 contains in it about 14 Villages and 
 Towns. 5. The Hundred of Martin/lev 
 lies in the Middle of the County, and is 
 inclofed by the other four Hundreds en- 
 tirely, except a little Part, which bor- 
 ders upon the Wetland^ which divides it 
 from Leicejlerjhire. It contains twelve 
 Villages and Towns, of which Uppingbam 
 is a Market-town, and the beft in the 
 County. Having thus taken a brief View 
 of the Hundreds of this County in gene- 
 ral, we fliall proceed to a particular De- 
 fcription of them, with the Towns and 
 Villages therein, viz- 
 
 1. O K E H A M Soke or Hundred. 
 
 Qkebam Hundred lies on the Weftcrn- 
 fide of the County, and is bounded on the 
 Eaft, with the Hundred of Martheflfy ; 
 on the South, with the River We/land t 
 which parts it from Leicefterfiire ; on the 
 Weft with the fame Shire, and on the 
 North with the Hundred of Alfoe. 
 The Fee of this Hundred we fuppofe to 
 remain in the Crown, as it v/as in Edw. 
 lid's Time, rill he gave it the Lady 
 T t t
 
 n; becaufe upon the Difgrace and 
 Death of her Husband, it returned to 
 the Crown. The chief Town of this 
 Hundred is 
 
 Okeham, which alfo claims the firft 
 Place of all Towns in this County, it 
 being the Shire-Town where the Afliz.es 
 are annually kept, and all other publick 
 Affairs tranfa&ed ufually. It is fituated 
 in the Vale of Catmofe, which Mr. Canib- 
 den fnppofes to be fo called from Coet 
 Maes, which in the Britifo Tongue figni- 
 fics a Field full of Woods, in which this 
 Town being built, may feem to take its 
 Name from Oaks. It is indifferently 
 well built, and is famous for its Market, 
 Fairs, Caftlc, Hofpitals and Free-School, 
 of which we fnall treat more particular- 
 ly, when we have briefly described the 
 Manor .and Town. 
 
 At the Time of the Norman Conqueft, 
 Edgitha, the Queen of Edward the Con- 
 leffor, held in Okebam Cherchefoch, with 
 5 Bcrcws or Hamlets thereunto, belong- 
 ing, four Carucates of . Land ; the King 
 fix, the Villains and Bordarii, who were 
 fifty-fcvcn, thirfy-ieven and a Quarter, 
 and twenty Acres of. Meadow ; and one 
 Prieftj and the Church four Bovates. 
 There were alfo fixteen Carucates of 
 plough'd Land, and a Wood a Mile long 
 and half a Mile broad, valued in the 
 CpnfciTor's Time at 40 /. One Levenot 
 alfo held here, before the Conqueft, one 
 Carucate of Land, which was at the 
 Time of the Survey in the PofTeflion of 
 Fttliberxj de MalA Opera, and contained 
 five Bovates, and fix Acres of Meadow, 
 then valued at 20 s. The whole Manor 
 of Ok ham, with the Hamlets or Berews, 
 is faid in Domefday-Book to, contain 
 three Miles in Length, and one Mile and 
 8 Qaaranteris or Furlongs in Breadth; 
 beftdcs three Carucates of Land in Naf- 
 fione or Kr.oflon in Leicejlerfoire, and a 
 Wood of one Furlong long, and half a 
 Fiulorg wide, which belonged to the 
 Soke. of OkL-kam, and held by the King in 
 Deniefhc. 
 
 'Aubrey the Clerk, at the Time of the 
 Suivcy, held the Church of Okeham, and 
 the Lands thereunto belonging, by the 
 
 King's Grant and Favour ; and after him 
 this Manor of Okebam became Part of 
 the Pofleflions of the Newburghs, Earls 
 of Warwick, a Family that came into 
 England, with the Conqueror ; but they 
 held it but a few Succeffions; for King 
 Henry I, obtained it of Roger de New- 
 bergh, Earl of Warwick, by an Exchange 
 for Sutton in Warwickshire, to which he 
 on that Account annexed the Privilege 
 of free Chafe and other Liberties. It 
 continued fn the Crown till the Reign 
 of King Henry II. when it was granted to 
 Walkeline de, Ferrariis, a younger Son of 
 William, de Ferrers, Earl of Darby, who 
 being made Baron of Oakham, feated 
 himfelf here. He held this j,Manor of 
 the King by the Service of one Knight's 
 Fee and a half, and having trefpafled 
 upon the King's Forefts in thefe Parts, 
 was fined an hundred Marks, which he 
 paid, izHen. II. Further, he was ac- 
 quitted, i Rich. I. for his affarting eigh- 
 ty Acres of Land in the Foreft of Rut- 
 land, now called ILifeU-Ftmfl, viz- in the 
 Field of Okeham fifty-five Acres, and in 
 the Fields of Braunjton twenty Acres, and 
 in the Fields of Brook- -five Acres. He 
 was at the Siege of Aeon in the Holy 
 Land with King Richard I. and dying, 
 left his Eftate to his Son Hugh de Ferrers^ 
 who left no Heirs ; and fo this Manor, 
 with his other Eftate, paffe'd to his only 
 Sifter and Heir Ifabel, then married to 
 Roger Lord Mortimer, who in the ninth 
 Year of_ King J-obn, gave fevcn Hun- 
 dred Marks and feven Palfreys, for Li- 
 very of this Manor of Okeham. 
 
 Ifabel had feveral Children by Roger 
 Lord Mortimer, but being his fecond 
 Wife, his Honour paflcd to his Children 
 by his former; and fo we find nothing 
 more of this Manor till. Richard Earl of 
 Cornwall, better known by the Name of 
 the King of the Romans in our Hiftories, 
 obtained it of his Brother King Henry III. 
 Reg. 36. in Part of Payment for 5007. 
 due to him from that King, on the 
 Marriage of Semh'ta his Wife, Daughter 
 of the Earl of Province in France, to hold 
 to himfelf and the Heirs of his Body by 
 her. Edmund Earl. of Cornwall their Son 
 
 and
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 and Heir, fucceeded to this Manor, but 
 he dying without Iflue, 28 Ed-w. I. Mar- 
 garet his Widow, Daughter of Gilbert de 
 Clare, Earl of Glocejter, held it, with o- 
 ther Eftates, in Dowry for Life ; after 
 which it returned to the Crown, where 
 it remained till King Edw. II. gave the 
 Caftle of this Place and Shrevalty of 
 Rutland to his Brother Edmund of Wood- 
 fiock, Earl of Kent, who being not long 
 after attainted for his Loyalty, in endea- 
 vouring to reftore his Brother lately de- 
 pofed, was condemned and beheaded at 
 Wmchejler by the Pra&ices of Queen 
 Eleanor and Earl Mortimer her Para- 
 mour, in the 4th Year of King Edw. III. 
 their Son, by which Execution the Ma- 
 nor came again into the King's Hands. 
 Mr. Cambden tells us, that after the Fa- 
 mily of the Ferrers were cxtinft, this 
 Town and Manor belonged to the Lords 
 of Tatejhal ; but we not finding any 
 fuch Thing either in Sir William Dugdale's 
 Baronage, tho' the Family of Tatefiall 
 is there defcribed, as far as the Records 
 gave him any Light ; nor in Mr. Wright, 
 who is very curious in giving us the 
 Succcflion of the Lords of this Town, 
 we can't give him a Place among them, 
 but muft pafs to the next Lord, to whom 
 the King gave it, who was 
 
 William de Bohun, Earl of Northampton, 
 who in the nth Year of King Ediv. III. 
 obtained a Grant of the Caftle and Manor 
 of this Town, and of the Shrevalty of 
 the County of Rutland, to hold to him 
 and the Heirs Male of his Body, under 
 certain Conditions in the faid Grant ex- 
 preflcd. His Son Humphrey de Bohun, 
 Earl of Northamptdn, by Defcent from 
 his Father, died feized of this Manor, 
 46 Edw. IIT. leaving only Daughters, 
 and fo this Manor reverted to the Crown, 
 where it remained till King Richard II. 
 gave it to Robert de Vere, Earl of Oxford, 
 and afterward Marquels of Dublin and 
 Duke of Ireland, in Confederation of the 
 great Cofts and Expences he had been 
 at in divers Services, in which he had 
 employed him, to hold for Term of Life, 
 and the Remainder to the Heirs of his 
 Body ; this, with many other large Do- 
 
 nations, which that King bellowed on 
 him, created him fo much Envy and Dif- 
 guft from the other Nobility, that he 
 was forced to fly, and his Eftate was 
 feixed, and among others this Caftlc and 
 Manor of Okeham. Thomas Ae WoMock* 
 Duke of Glocejter, one of his grcaterf E- 
 nemies, obtained a Grant of them, iz 
 Rich. II. but held them but about one 
 Year, when dying without Iflue Male, 
 Edward the eldeft Son of Edmund ot 
 Langley, Duke of York, fifrh Son of King 
 Edward III. being created Earl of Rut' ' 
 land for his Father's Life, obtained a 
 Grant of the Caftle, Town and Manor of 
 this Place, with the Shrevalty , of the 
 County, in Part of Satisfa&ion for eight 
 Hundred Marks per Ann. defigned for 
 him. He was (lain at the Battle of Agin" 
 court, and left no Iflue, 5 Hen. V. 
 
 By his Death the Caftle, Manor and 
 Town of Okeham, fell into the King's 
 Hands, but was not difpofed of again, 
 till King Henry VI. his Son came to the 
 Throne, and then it was given to Hum- 
 phrey Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, the 
 Son of Edmund Earl of Stafford, by Anne 9 
 Daughter and fole Heir of Thomas d& 
 Woodflock, Duke of Glocejter. They were 
 both jointly feized in the faid Caftle and 
 Manor of Okeham, with two Parks there, 
 the one called Fleteris, and the other 
 Stone-Park. He was {lain in the Battle 
 of Northampton, 38 Hen. VI. and ihe con- 
 tinued in the Enjoyment of the faid 
 Eftatc, and, i Edw. IV. made Wil- 
 liam Lord Haftings her Steward of the 
 faid Manor, and Conftable of the Caftle. 
 She afterward married Sir Walter Blount, 
 Knt. Lord Mountjoy ; fhortly after which 
 having Li cenfe to amortize certain Lands r 
 to the Value of forty Marks per Ann. 
 to the Collegiate Church of PleJIy in 
 EJfix, where (he defigned to be buried 
 by her Husband Humphrey Duke of Buck- 
 ingham. She departed this Life in the 
 twentieth Year of King Edward IV. Hen- 
 ry Duke of Buckingham, Son and Heir of 
 the faid Humphrey and Anne, fuccceded 
 his Father in his Honours, and after her 
 Death poflefled this Eftate, till endea- 
 vouring to depofe King Richard III. 
 T t t a whom
 
 R U f L ANT) S JURE. 
 
 whom he had a little before raifed to- 
 the Throne, he was apprehended and be- 
 headed by that King's Command, at Sa- 
 lisbury, without legal Trial, 4. Rich. III. 
 Anno Domini 1484^ and this Manor with 
 his other Eftates was forfeited. 
 
 Henry de Grey Lord Ccdowre, was a Per- 
 fon in Favour at this Time, having fer- 
 ved King EdwardlV. in bis Wars in Nor- 
 tnandy and France, and ftiany other Things, 
 and being a faft Adherent to the Inte- 
 l-efts of the Houfe of York, foon after 
 obtained a Grant of this Caftle and Ma- 
 nor,, and other Eftates fo forfeited, to 
 hold to himfelf and his Heirs Male of his 
 Body lawfully begotten ; but he died 
 without any lawful Iflue, n Hen. VII. 
 After his Death Edward Stafford, the Son 
 and Heir of Humphrey Duke of Bucteng- 
 %.im, recovered the PofTeffion of this 
 Caftle and Manor, till being attainted 
 for treafonable Words, attefted by one 
 Knevet, \vhohadbeen his . Steward,, and 
 vras turned out for mifufing his Tenants, 
 nd fome others, he was. condemned and 
 beheaded on Tower-hill, 13 Hen. VIII. 
 152,1. He was the laft Duke of Bucking- 
 tarn of the Name and Family of Stafford. 
 This Caftle and Manor by his Death 
 returned to the Crown, and the King 
 having not long before created Thomas 
 Cromwell his Favourite, Lord Cromwell, 
 Baron of Okeham ; 'tis ftrarge, that 
 Mr. Cambden, Sir William Dugdale, and 
 Mr. Wrlebt, after them, fhould aflert, 
 that this Town of Okeham gave the Ti- 
 tle of a Barony to Thomas Cromwell ; 
 whereas in the A& of Parliament of 31 
 Hen. VIIL c. 3. about Gavelkind, he is 
 there called Baron of Wimbeldop, and 'tis 
 probable he was not Baron of Okeham, 
 tho' 'tis certain that that King, among 
 'other Bounties, Rtg. 30. granted him the 
 Caftle and Manor of Okeham ; but he fell 
 not long after into that King's Difplea- 
 fure, and being acciifed of feveral high 
 Crimes, was beheaded on Twer-hill, 
 31 Hen. VIII. 24 July, having Iffue Gre- 
 gory Cnmivell his Son and Heir, who was 
 by a new Patent created Lord Crornwett, 
 and had the Manor and Caftle of Oker 
 lam, with divers others Eftates of his 
 
 late Father's, continued to him, to hold 
 of the King in Capite, by Knights Service 
 in Fee. He died % Edw. VL- and left for 
 his Heir Henry- Lord Cromwell, who died 
 34 Eliz. and was fucceeded in his Eftate 
 and Honour by his Son and Heir Edward 
 Lord Cromwell. He obtained a Licenfe, 
 bearing Date 12 Feb. 38 Eliz. to alienate 
 this Caftle and Manor of Okeham, with 
 the Appertcnances, to Sir John Harring* 
 ton, Knt. created Lord Harrington by- 
 King James I. Rtg. i. And accordingly 
 it was found, .by Inquifition taki 22. 
 March, i Jac* that John Lord Harrington 
 the Elder died feixed {inter alia} of the 
 Caftle, Manor and Lordfhip of Oktham* 
 with the Appertenances in Okeham and 
 elfewhere;all which he held of the King 
 in Capite, by Knight's Service. After his 
 Death, his Widow Anne Lady Harring- 
 ton enjoyed them, as Part of her Dower 
 for her Life ; but after her Deceafe,. her 
 Son John Lord Harrington fold them to 
 George Villers, the firft Duke of Bucking- 
 bam of that Name, who left them to his 
 Son of the fame Name, who- being a 
 Perfon both witty and prodigal, Ipent 
 his great Eftate in Debauchery and 
 Frolicks ; but to whom they were fold, 
 we have not met with any. certain Infor- 
 mation, except that the Right Ho- 
 nourable Daniel Earl of Nottingham is at 
 prefent Lord of the Caftle and Manor of 
 Okeham ; probably he bought it of the laft 
 Duke of Buckingham, either by his Father 
 or h-imfelf. 
 
 The Harringtons, before thefe Lords, 
 had been an ancient and flourifhing Fa- 
 mily in this County, for in the Reign of 
 King Henry VII. Robert Harrington was 
 twice High Sheriff of this County ; and 
 John Harrington 6 Times in K. Hen. Vlllth's 
 Reign, and once in Edward Vltk's; 
 and James Harrington 6 Times in King 
 Ed<war4's and Queen Elizabeths, and as 
 many Times Kuight of the Shire in 
 Queen Mary's and Elizabeth's ; as was 
 aUo Sir Edward Harrington in KingjFames 
 I. and K. Charles Irt's Reigns. 
 
 In this Town there is another Manor 
 containing Part of it, and all the Village 
 or; Hamlet, in thjs Pariflx called
 
 i "which belongs to the Dean and 
 Chapter of Weftmlnjter, by the Name of 
 the Manor of Okeham cum Barlitborjt, 
 which is the more obfervable upon this 
 Account - r that whereas this Abbey was 
 endowed by King Edward the Confefior 
 with the whole County, this Manor a- 
 lone remains in its Poflcflion. What is 
 neceflary to be fpoken of this Manor 
 more, we fhall refer to our Defcription 
 of Barl'itberp. In this Town there was 
 before the Diflblution of the Monaftcries 
 and religious Houfcs, one Mefluage in 
 Wefl Jlre et , with two Yard-lands in the 
 common Fields there, rented per Ann. 
 at 33 i. and $d. a Cottage, fituate oppofite 
 to the Crofs in the Marker, rented at 
 14*. per Ann- one void Piece of Groundj 
 containing by Eftimution half a Rod, 
 adjoining to the Eaft End of the Stone- 
 Wall belonging to the aforefaid Cottage, 
 valued per Ann. at 2 /. and a fmall Piece 
 of Ground, containing by Eftimation in 
 Breadth 6 Foot, and in Length 30 Foot 
 adjoining to the Eaft End of the Orchard 
 belonging to the faid Tenement or Cot- 
 tsge of the yearly Value of $d. all of 
 them belonging to Egletw-gtiild hereafter 
 mentioned. 
 
 The Family of Flore or Flower, an an- 
 cient and eminent Name, had of old a 
 Seat in this Town on a fair Eftare of 
 Freehold, viz- ten Mefluages, an hundred 
 Acres of Land, ten Acres of Meadow, 
 with the Appertenances held of the Lord 
 of this Manor by Fealty only, which, 
 or the greateft Part or it, wa& after- 
 \vards, in the Reign of Queen Ellza- 
 leth, purchafed of one William Flciver, a 
 yoiinger Branch of this Family, by Hugh 
 Booth, Re&or of Cnjfington in Leicejterjhire. 
 Of this Family was Roger 'Flower, a Pcr- 
 fon of great Note in this Town and 
 County, whofe Charities given by his 
 "Will are a fignal Monument of his Piety, 
 according ro the Times he lived in. He 
 married the Daughter and Coheir of 
 WtKiam Da't>y, and died Anno 1424, or 
 thereabouts, according to the Date of his 
 Will, -which is regiftred in the Prerogar 
 live Office, Lib. Luffnam, p. 69. 
 
 By this hie \Yill he appointed his Bo- 
 
 dy to be buried in the Church of AU- 
 Saints at Okeham, and his beft Animal to 
 be given to the Vicar for a Mortuary, to 
 whom alfo he gave ten Shillings for 
 Tithes forgotten. To the Chaplain alfo' 
 of Okeham he gave a Legacy of two Shil- 
 lings, and to every other Chaplain in- 
 habiting the faid Town, one- Shil- 
 ling. 
 
 He alfo gave to the Guilds of the Ho- 
 ly Trinity, Blefled Virgin, and St. Mi- 
 chael, at Okeham, forty Shillings-; and to* 
 every Order of Friars at Stamford, the-- 
 Gartbujians at Coventry, the Abbey. o 
 Wejlminfter, and Prior of Laund, fix 
 Marks, to pray for the Souls of Catha- 
 rine his late Wife, William his Father^ 
 Ellen his Mother, Edmttnd Duke of Tork t , 
 Qfc. As alfo to certain Chaplains, to be- 
 nominated by his Executors, to celebrate.- 
 for his own Soul, the Soul of King/ 
 Henry V. and the Souls above named, 
 forty Pounds. 
 
 Moreover, he gave to be diffributed! 
 to the Poor, and the performing of. his i 
 Exequies fifty Marks; to the Alms- hoafe- 
 of Okeham; towards the Repairs of the' 
 Chapel and Ornaments of the Altar, fif- 
 ty Shillings; and to every poor Man of' 
 the Houfe four Pence ; to the Mending 
 of the High-ways, Bridges and Ca-ufe 
 ways at Okeb'am, fifty Shillings; and to- 
 twenty poor People of Okeham, each off 
 them, a Gown of Coventry Fr.iez, and a/ 
 new Shirt. 
 
 Further, being the Eeflee or Farmer? 
 of the Parfonage Tithes at Okeham, under,* 
 the Abbot and Covent of Wejtmirijter; he- % 
 gave to every Monk of th.it Abbey, be- 
 ing a Prieft, one Shilling; and not .v 
 Prieft, ffght Pence ; as alfo to the great,: 
 Guild at Coventry forty Shillings ; to the- 
 Prior and Canons of Brxhe thirteen Shil-- 
 lings and four Pence; to the Nuns- of:' 
 Langley and Hunting on, and- the Prior- 
 and Canons of Ne<wfted near Stamfori}^ 
 each Houfe thirteen Shillings- and fci>r.- 
 Pence ; and to the Mafter of the Chan-- 
 try at Mantoii, (who was one of his Ex- 
 ecutors) his own Pair of Beads, with.rea* 
 Avei of Silver, and a P<rte/ Nojler il^ 
 praying him to be mindful ofibisv w
 
 518 R 
 
 he faith over our Lady's Pfalteron them. 
 . He was alfo a Principal, if not the fble 
 Benefa&or to the Building of the Spire 
 of the Steeple ofOkcbam. He left a Wi- 
 dow, who was his fecond Wife, to whom 
 he gave the two Manors of Stately and 
 Braceby in Linctlnfoire, if fhe took upon 
 her the Mantle and Ring, and vowed 
 Chaftity, five Sons and one Daughter. 
 
 Here were anciently two Markets 
 weekly, viz,' on Monday and Saturday , 
 \vhich were.granted by King Henry Illd's 
 -Charter, dated at Weftminftev 5 June 
 Reg. 36. to his beloved Brother Richard 
 liarl of Corn-wall, King of the Romans, 
 and his Heirs, by his Wife Sanchia, the 
 Daughter of Raimond Earl of Province, 
 to be held at his Manor of Okeham in 
 :the County of Rutland, with two Fairs to 
 be held there yearly, the one on the 
 Vigil-Day, and Morrow of the Decol- 
 lation of St. J-obn Baptijl, 29 Aug. and 
 the other on the Vigil, Day and Morrow 
 >of the Invention of the Holy Crofs, 
 3 May, with this Claufe of Exception, 
 'Nijl Mercata ilia P feri<e lll& fint ad nocu- 
 merttum Manerii, &V. but it feems that in 
 later Times, the Monday Market, and 
 'the Fair in May were difcontinued, and 
 are now quite grown out of Ufe ; for 
 in an Inquifition taken after the Death 
 of Humphrey Duke of Bnckingham, in the 
 39th Year of Hen. VI. there is Mention 
 made of one Market only in a Week, 
 viz- on Saturday, and one Fair on the 
 Feaft of the Decollation of St. fdhn Bap- 
 iifl yearly, the Profits whereof were then 
 valued at fourteen Shillings per Ann. In 
 this Town is an odd Cuftom of long U- 
 fage, and ftill kept up, viz.. That every 
 Baron of the Realm, the firft Time he 
 comes through this Town, fhall give an 
 Horfe-ihoe to nail upon the Caftle Gate, 
 which if he refufeth, the Bailiff of the 
 Manor hath Power to flop his Coach, 
 and take one off from one of his Horfes 
 Foot ; but this is feldom or never done, 
 the Noblemen choofing rather in Com- 
 pliance with it, to give five, ten or t\ven- 
 v.y Shillings, more or lefs as they pleafe ; 
 and in Proportion to the Gift, the Horfe- 
 
 Z> S II I R E. 
 
 Ihoe is made larger or lefs, with the 
 Name and Titles of the Donor ftamped 
 on it, and fo 'tis nailed upon the Caftle- 
 hall Gate. This Cuftom is doubtlefs de- 
 rived from the ancient Lords of this 
 Town; the tie Ferrary j, or Ferrers, whofc 
 Arms are three Horfe-Shoes, which are 
 fixed upon the Gates and in the Hall, and 
 the Name imports Workers in Iron, or 
 Smiths, who are the Horfe-#ioe Makers. 
 In ancient Times, before the Reforma- 
 tion, there was a Cuftom among the de- 
 vout People of this Nation, and efpe- 
 cially of thefe Parts, to go on Pilgri- 
 mage in Honour of the blefled Virgin 
 Mary, to a Spring in this Parifli, about 
 a Quarter of a Mile from the Town, 
 which is ftill known by the Name of our 
 Lady's Well, near which we may per- 
 ceive in feveral Places the Foundations 
 of an Houfe or two remaining; but that 
 which will confirm our Belief of fuch an, 
 Ufage, is a Record found in the Firft- 
 fruits Office, containing, among other 
 Things thefe. JVords, That very many 
 Profits and Advantages belonging and 
 appertaining to the Vicarage of Okeham, 
 did confift in divers Obventions and Pil- 
 grimages to the Image of the Virgin 
 Mary at the Well, and St. Michael the 
 Archangel, and diverfe other Rites and 
 Oblations, which now are quite abolim- 
 ed, with the Benefits and Advantages 
 which accrued there-from to the Vicar. 
 The Caftle here, of which there are, 
 or were not long fince, fome pretty 
 large Remains of ruinous Walls and 
 Buildings, was built, as Tradition tells 
 us, by Walkelln de Ferrarys, the fecond 
 Lord of this Town and Manor, about 
 the Times of the Norman Settlement. 
 We find little remarkable of the Caftle, 
 the Lord of the Town being the Keeper 
 of the Caftle, fave that the odd Cuftom 
 above-mention'd about the Horfe-fhoes, 
 kept up in the Town, was a Franchife 
 or Royalty belonging to the Caftle ; and 
 therefore the Shoes either taken offer 
 bought, are nailed upon the Caftle-hall 
 Gate, which is, or lately was (landing. 
 Some of thefe Horfe-iliocs are gilt, and 
 
 others
 
 R Uf L 4 NT> SHIRS. 
 
 others are curioufly wrought, and 
 many of them have the Names of 
 the Lord, by whom, and the Dates 
 when they were given ; moft of them 
 were given in the laft Century, which 
 is no Evidence of the antique Cuftom ; 
 but our Hiftorians will have it fb, and as 
 fuch we let it pafs. But that which is 
 better worth our Notice is, That there 
 was anciently in this Caftle a free Chapel, 
 the Patronage of which belonged to the 
 Lords of the Caftle, as appears from an 
 Inquifition taken at the Death of Hum- 
 phrey Stafford Duke of Buckingham, whofe 
 Heir Ifabel the Widow of Roger de Mt>'t~ 
 timer, did accordingly prefent to Robert 
 Grofthead Bifliop of Lincoln, Richard de 
 Cliva, to be her Chaplain in the faid 
 Chapel ; as did afterwards the King of 
 the Romans, and Edward Earl of Corn- 
 wall, in their Times, as it became va- 
 cant. The Profits and Revenues of it 
 under thefe laft Lords, confiftcd in fifty 
 Shillings, which the Chaplain was to 
 receive out of the Chamber of the faid 
 Earls, as alfo in two Marks and an 
 half, which he received from the Mar- 
 ket of Okebam, and in the Tithes of the 
 Lords Pafture-Ground, which one Year 
 with another, amounted to one Mark ; 
 alfo in the Obvendons accruing to the 
 faid Chapel in the Abfence of the Earl 
 and his Countefs ; as alfo in the Tithes 
 of the Wool, Lamb, and Milk of fix 
 Cottagers, and in a convenient Dwel- 
 ling- houfe in the Town of Ohham. 
 Moreover in the 4?th Year of Edward 
 III. the Caftle and Manor being then in 
 the Crown, upon the Death of Humphrey 
 de. Bohftn, above-mention'd, that King 
 granted his Precept to Simon Ward, then 
 Keeper of it, to pay Nicholas de Stake, 
 Par Ion of the Chapel there, the yearly 
 Rent of eight Marks, feven Shillings 
 and one Penny Half-penny, and 4 Loads 
 of Wood, accuftomably paid to the 
 laid Parfon and his Pre.deceflbrs, Time 
 out of Mind. The Lords had a Court 
 in this Caftle, to which feveral Towns, 
 not only in this- County, as . Braiwfion, 
 Belton, and Wardly, but in Leicefterjhire, as 
 ~e } ov/ed Suit and 
 
 Service. Here is a Free- School built 
 and endowed by Mr. Robert Johnfon, Par- 
 fon of North Lujfenham in this County, 
 and Archdeacon of Leicefter, out of cer- 
 tain charitable Contributions, but chiefly 
 by Means of Tome conceal'd Lands, 
 which he begged of Queen Elizabeth, 
 for which he made theie Statutes and 
 Ordinances, -viz. i. That there be twen-~ 
 ty-four Governors, of which the Bifhops 
 of London and Peterborough, the Deans of 
 Wejlmlnflfr and Peterborough', the Arch- 
 deacon of Northampton, and Maftfers- of ..* 
 Trinity and St. John's College in Cam- 
 bridge, pro tempos, to be perpetual,, and . 
 the reft to be chofen by the -other Go- 
 vernors, &c. 2. That the School-Mafter..- 
 be a Matter of Arts at the Time cf his 
 EleHon, and have a Stipend of twenty- 
 four Pounds per Ann. 3. That there be.- 
 an "Ufher, w.hofe Salary Hiall be 121 
 Pounds -per Ann. 4. That there be feven 
 Scholars chofen to receive an Exhibition . 
 of forty Shillings per Ann. each, at the 
 Univerfity for 7 Years, if they continue - 
 there fo long. 5. That there be- a. Re- 
 ceiver of the Revenues, who fh'all have 
 5 /. a Year, and two Audits, at which--, 
 every one of the Governors prefent 
 fhall have for his Dinner, and a Pair of 
 Gloves, 4/. 4.^.- Thefe Statutes are 
 . dated, 17 Jun. i Car, I. 1525. 
 
 Pcrfons of Note born or belonging to . 
 this Town, are, i. Sir John 'Brown, Lord 
 Mayor of 'London in 1481, 2.1 Eil-jj. IV, 
 He was Son of jFotn Brwiwofth"s Town 
 of Okeham. He died in 14.97, and was . 
 buried in the Church of Sc. Mary Mag- 
 dalene in JMilk-Jlreet. His Son Sir VYt',. 
 Brown, Knt. was twice Lord Mayer of 
 London, viz- in the 23 Hen. -VI I. and the 
 5th of K. Henry VIII. (2.) Jefitij Hud- 
 fen the Dwarf, memorable upon many - 
 Accounts ; he was the Son of Join Hud- 
 Jon, a Pcrlbn of a mean Condition, buc 
 of a lufty Stature, as were all his other 
 , Children, and bora in the. Year 1619. 
 At 7 Years old being fcarce 1 8 Inches 
 high, he was taken into the Family of the. _ 
 late Duke of Buckingham, ct Btfrley or. tie' 
 Hill in this County, as a Rarity in Na- 
 tur.e.j ajid the Court /being tbrn in a., 
 
 Progrc
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 Frcgrefs, he was put into a cold Pye, and fo for thefecond Day to the fcvenrfi, 
 *nd ferved up to the Table. After the and fo again upon the joth Day, and a 
 Marriage of King Charles I. with the Penny on the lame Days to the Clerks ; 
 Princefs Henrietta Maria of France, he three Shillings and four Pence to th<* 
 %vas prefented to that Queen, and be- Bells of the Church of Okeham, and 
 came her Dwarf. When the Rebellion twelve Pence to the Guilds of All-Saints* 
 broke put, he became a Captain of and St. Mary in the fame Town. All 
 Horfe in the King's Service, till he the reft of his Eftate he gave to his 
 went over with the Queen into France, 
 Avherc having the Misfortune to kill one 
 Mr. Crofts, Brother of the Lord Crofte, 
 in a Combat on Horfebock, he was ex- 
 pelled the Court. Being put now to his 
 Shifts, he went to Sea, and was taken by 
 
 'h Pyrate, who carried him to 
 &&rbary, where he was fold, and re- 
 mained a Slave for many Years. He was 
 
 at kft redeemed, and coming into , , - , -. 
 
 England, lived feveral Years upon certain of the firft Lord John Harrington, having 
 
 Penfions allowed him by the Duke of purchafed after her Husband's Death, a 
 
 Wife Alice, Son and Daughter. 
 
 4. Mr. Endymion Caning, an old Ca- 
 valier, and a Captain of Horfe, in the 
 Service of King Charles I. in the Civil 
 Wars; and afterward Steward to the 
 Right Honourable Julian Vifcountefs 
 Cambden, at Brooks in this County, where 
 he died in 1683, and by his Will left 
 to the poor of this Town fifty Pounds. 
 
 5- The Lady Annt Harrington, Wido\r 
 
 by the 
 
 Buckingham, and fome other Noblemen 
 but being a Papift, and going to London 
 \vhen the Popifli Plot, in 1678, was in 
 Agitation, he was taken up .and clapt 
 into the Gate-houfe, and lay there fome 
 <:onfiderable Time, but was At length 
 enlarged, and died about the Year 1682, 
 It is further obfervable of this Perfon, 
 that from the yth Year of his Age, 
 when (as it before is mentioned) he was 
 rot above 18 Inches high, till he came 
 to be 30 Years of Age (as he hath often 
 
 Rent-Charge of one Hundred Pounds 
 per Ann. to be ifluing out of the Manor 
 ofCctefmore in this County, to her the faid 
 Lady Anne, her Heirs and Afligns for e- 
 ver; and ordered the Payment thereof to 
 be made upon the four ufual Quarter- 
 Days, in the South-Porch of the Parifh 
 Church ofOkeham, by even and equal Por- 
 tions,fettled the fame by Indenture bearing 
 Date i Nov. i6i<J, 14 Jac. I. upon cer- 
 tain Truftces therein named, their Heirs 
 and Afligns for ever, for pious Ufes ; 
 
 affirmed) he never grew any Thing con- and among others gave to the Vicar of 
 fiderable; but after it, he fliot up in a the Parifli-Church of Okeham, and the 
 little Time to the Height he continued Overfeers of the Poor there, thirty-two 
 
 Pounds per Ann. to be diftributed to the 
 Poor of the faid Parifh, being Tenants 
 or Under-tenants of any of the Lands, 
 Parcel of the Manor of the faid Lady 
 Harrington in Okeham. 
 
 6. Mrs. Parthenia Lawman of London, Wi- 
 dow, gave to this Town of Okeham, the 
 
 to his Death, viz. about 3 Foot and nine 
 Inches, which he attributed to the 
 Hard/hips he underwent in Turky. 
 
 3. Robert Blackburn of this Town, Gent. 
 lefcrves a particular Remembrance for 
 his pious Donations to the Church 
 and Town, in his laft Will, bearing 
 
 Date 15 Hen. VII. i 500, in which having Sumof one Hundred Poundsfora perpetual 
 
 Stock. The Profits and Intereft of which 
 Money was thus apportioned, 6 Mar. 
 1662. viz- Ten Shillings, Part of the 
 fame for a Sermon to be yearly preach- 
 ed in the Parifh-Church of Okeham, on 
 Afiwednefday, and the Refidue to be 
 yearly difpofed to fuch poor People as 
 are paft their Work and Labour, or 
 Cck, and not able to maintain them- 
 
 fclvej 
 
 ordered his Body to be buried in the 
 faid Church, dedicated to Alt- Saints, he 
 tievifeth his beft living Creature for a 
 Mortuary, as a juft Due, and then 
 gives izW. to the high Altars for Tithes 
 forgotten ; thirteen Pence to be diftribu- 
 ted in Alms for the Health of his Soul ; 
 two Shillings a-piece to fix Priefts, for 
 the firft Day performing his Obfequies,
 
 R 
 
 LA NT) SHIRE. 
 
 felves othenvife ; three Quarters of the 
 faid Sum to be diftributed to the Poor 
 of the Lords Hold, and the other Quar- 
 ter to thofe of the Deans Hold, in the 
 faid Town of Okeham. 
 
 7. The faid Lady Harrington did alfo, 
 about the fame Time build a convenient 
 Place for a fmall Library in this Church 
 of Okeham, and furnimed it with about 
 two Hundred Latin and Greek Folio's, 
 confifting chiefly of Fathers, Councils, 
 School-men and Divines, for the Ufe of 
 the Vicar of this Church, and Accom- 
 modation of the neighbouring Clergy, 
 moft of which are curioufly bound, and 
 adorned with gilded Frets, called Har- 
 rington Knots; and this Memorandum paf- 
 fed on the Title Pages, viz. 
 
 Ex dono Domin<e Harrington* BaronijJ*. 
 
 8. Mr. Henry Fojler of Thifileton, in this 
 County, did alfo by his laft Will and 
 Teftament, give to this Town ten Pounds 
 a Year for ever, out of his Manors of 
 Swinjhed and BifTiminfler in Lincolnjhire, 
 for the Putting out poor Children Ap- 
 prentices. 
 
 The Church of Okeham is a fine Struc- 
 ture, and is dedicated to All Saints ; 
 but the Founders are unknown, fave that 
 Roger Flower of Okeham is thought to 
 have built the Spire. The Living is a 
 Vicarage, and the Abbey of Weftminfer, 
 who have the great Tithes, are the Pa- 
 rrons, and prefented to it, till the 4th 
 of King Edward VI. for our Records and 
 Regifters tell us, That in the I2th of K. 
 Henry III. the Abbot of Weftminjler pre- 
 fented to the Church of Okeham, Gilbert 
 Marjhal, and in the 29th Year of King 
 Edward I. the faid Abbot and Convent 
 prefented to this Benefice John de Lang- 
 ford, and. then by an Inquifition taken the 
 Benefice appeared to be a Re&ory and 
 not a Vicarage, confifting in thefe Re- 
 venues, viz. all the Alterage of the 
 Church of Oktham, and the Chapels of 
 Langham, Egleton, Brook, Gunthorp and 
 Thorp, with the fmall Tithes belonging 
 to the Alterage in any wife, with a 
 Moiety of all the Hay of all the Pa- 
 rifhioners appertain ing to the faid Church 
 of Okeham and the Chapels afore faid ; 
 
 as alfo in one Carucate of Land, and its 
 Appertinances, a Manfion on the South 
 Side of the Church of Okeham, in certain 
 Tithes of Corn, of the Value of three 
 Marks, and one Mark paid by the 
 Chapel of Knoflington to the Church of 
 Okeham, From this Time the Abbot and 
 Convent of Wejlminjler continued Patrons 
 of this Living, and prefented at every 
 Vacancy till the Reformation, when the 
 Abbey of Weftmittfar being diflblved the 
 4th of King Edward VI. That King 
 granted, among other Things, the Ad- 
 vowfon of the Vicarage of the Church 
 of Okeham, to Nicholas Ridley Bifhop of 
 London, and his Sticceflors for ever, by a 
 Charter dated 12 Apr. Reg. 4. as it con- 
 tinued till this Advowfon has been of 
 late changed and transferred by the 
 late Bifhop Dr. Hen. Compton, Bimop of 
 London, to the Right Honourable Daniel 
 Finch, Earl of Nottingham, Lord of the 
 Caftle and Manor of Okeham, for the 
 two other Advowfons of Prittlewell and 
 Leigh in the County of E/ex, and Dio- 
 cefe of London. To enable and confirm 
 which Exchange, a fpecial Aft of Parlia- 
 ment was pa(Ted in March 1696, 8 > 9 
 Gal J. c. 1 8. Entituled, An Aft for the 
 Exchange of certain Advowfons between the 
 Bijhcp of London and Earl of Nottingham. 
 In the Church of Okeham there are thefe 
 Monuments remaining. 
 
 1. A Marble. Monument for Francis 
 Waryn of Okeham, Merchant of the Sta- 
 ple of Callis, who died 20 Augufl Ann 
 Domini ijto, 2 Hen. 8. It ftands in the 
 Chapel on the South Side of the 
 Chancel. 
 
 2. Another Monument in the fame 
 Chapel for William Waryn of this Place, 
 a Merchant alfo of the Staple at Callis. 
 He by his WUi dated 1499, gave, among 
 other Things to other Places and Per- 
 fons, to this Town and Church thefe 
 Legacies, i. To the high Altar of the 
 Parim Church for Tithes and Duties 
 forgotten, 5 Pounds, befides what he 
 gave to fuch Priefts and Poor as helped 
 at his Obfequies. 2. To find two Priefts 
 to fing and lay Mafles and Service for 
 the Souls of hiiofelf, his Father and 
 U u u Mother,
 
 RUf L ANT) SHI RE. 
 
 52* 
 
 Mother, and all Chriftian Souls in the 
 Parifli Church of Okeham, for ao Years 
 next enfuing, 200 /. to the Reparations 
 of the faid Church, ten Marks ; and for 
 a Suit of Veftments for the faid Church, 
 one Hundred Marks. 
 
 3. To the Gilds of the Holy Trinity 
 and our Lady in Okeham, whereof he 
 -was a Brother, forty Shillings ; To the 
 Mending of the High-ways and Bridges 
 of Okeham, ten Marks. 
 
 4. And as for his Lands and Tene- 
 ments which he held in Okeham, he de- 
 vifed them all to Agnes his Wife for 
 Life, and to his Children after her in 
 Tail ; the Remainder , to be fettled on 
 Feoffees for the following Ufcs/wfc. His 
 Dwelling-houfe to the Vicar and War- 
 dens of the Parifli Church of Okeham, 
 upon Condition that the laid Vicar and 
 his Succeflbrs fhall for ever commemo- 
 rate his Soul, and the Souls of his Fa- 
 ther and Mother; in the Mafs every 
 Sunday in the Year, othcrwife to be fold, 
 and the Money to be distributed in 
 Works of Mercy and Deeds of Charity, 
 for the Welfare of his Soul. 
 
 3. A Grave-ftone in the Body of the 
 Church for William Flore and Ellen his 
 "Wife? the Date imperfect, but feems to 
 be laid in the fifteenth Century; and 
 another for a Daughter of Roger Flore, 
 fometime the Wife of Henry Ple/ngton, 
 without Date. Another on the North 
 Side for Thomas Flore, Efq; who died 
 the Monday after the Feaft of Sr. Nicholas, 
 6Decemb. 1483- 
 
 4. Two Monuments for two Vicars of 
 this Church, .the one in the Chancel for 
 William Peachie, S. T. B. formerly Fel- 
 low of St. John's College in Cambridge, a 
 good Liver, and laudable Preacher, 
 who died 6 Ottob. 1643, ft at. 78. and 
 was Refider.t 47 Years. The other on 
 a pUin Table of white Marble on the 
 North Wall, for Abraham Wright, A. M. 
 formerly Fellow of St. John Baptift's 
 College, Oxjcrd, who dicd'$> May 1690, 
 t ta t. 79. Rcfidcnt 30 Years. There is al- 
 fo another in the Crofs-Arm of the 
 Church, for Jtjiab Peachie, Mary his 
 \Vife, am * KJfbvbtb his Daughter; he 
 
 3 
 
 is faid to be a Minifter of the Word of 
 God. Ob. i 3 9. 
 
 5. There are feveral other inconfi- 
 derable Monuments, as for one. Wyght 
 and his Wife ; Mr. John Bocth ; Anne the 
 Daughter of Andrew Burton, who died 
 19 June 1642, xtat. 15. Mary Booth, the 
 Widow of Hugh Booth, Minifter of Cuf- 
 Jington in Leicefterjhire, who died Anns 
 1640, &tat. 93. and John Plerpoint, a 
 young Academick, who died in 1637,- 
 Atat. 27. Ke was bred up at> the School 
 in this Town. By a Certificate made, 
 i Edw. VI. of the Revenues of the 
 Guild in Egletcn Church, it appears, 
 that the Number of Houfeling People 
 (/. e. Communicants) in this Farifh of 
 Okeham, then under the Cure of the 
 Vicar there, was four Hundred ; and 
 that the Town being great, and the 
 Chief of the County, another Prieft, be- 
 fides the Vicar, ought to be appointed 
 to help in the Miniftration of the 
 Cure. 
 
 One Mr. Abraham Wright was Minirter 
 of this Town in 1645, being prefented 
 to it by Dr. Juxon, then Bifhop of Lon- 
 don. He was inftituted to it, but would not. 
 be induced, that he might not be obli- 
 ged to take the Covenant ; whereupon 
 he was deprived. He fled to London, 
 and becoming Tutor to Sir George Graham's 
 Son in Surrey, he read the Common 
 Prayer, preached and adminiftred Sacra- 
 ments to his Family. In 1655, he re- 
 turned to London, and being chofen Mi- 
 nifter of St. Otave, Sliver- ftreet, he enjoy- 
 ed the Profits a little while ; but per- 
 forming all lacred Offices by the Litur- 
 gy, he fell into fome Troubles about it, 
 which occasioned his Leaving that Pa- 
 rim, and going to this Town, where he 
 lived in much Retirement, and lead a 
 very ftudious Life till he was reftored. 
 He died at Okeham in a very advanced 
 Age, in 1 690. 
 
 Barlithorp, a fmall Village or Hamlet in 
 the Parifh of Okeham, the Manor of 
 which remains af this Day in the Church 
 of St. Peter at Wcjlrnlnfter, as is above 
 obferved; and tho' all the neighbouring 
 Eftates have often changed their 
 
 Owners,
 
 Owners, this Lordfliip alone hath had 
 the fame Lords ever fince the Reign of 
 King Ed<ward the Confeflbr, to this Time, 
 except a fmall Time, when it -was in 
 the Crown, by the Diflblution of the 
 Abbies, 3 1 Hnry VIII. indeed the Lords 
 did change their Names, being in 1539, 
 a Dean and Chapter; in 1 550, a Bifhop ; 
 and his Chapter in 1557, the Abbot and 
 Convent ; but they were at length fettled 
 by Queen Elizabeth in a Dean and Chap- 
 ter, as they ftill continue, to whom 
 her Majefty by her Letters Patent, dated 
 21 May 1559, granted, among other 
 Things, this Manor, with the Tithes of 
 Okeham, Langham, Egleton, Brooke, Gun- 
 thorpe and Barlitborp, and their Succcflbrs 
 for ever. The annual Profits of the 
 Court at the Diflblution, were found to 
 be ill. is. yd- j. befides Perquifits. 
 
 Belton, a little Town within the Li- 
 mits of the old Foreft of Ly/eM. There 
 is no Mention of it in Domefday-Book, 
 anu therefore the. firft Lord we find of 
 the Manor is William le Blcunl, who li- 
 ved in the Reign of King Edward II. 
 His Poftcrity were Lords of it a long 
 Time ; for in the Reign of King Henry 
 V. Sir Walter le Blount, the Son of Sir 
 Thomas le Blount, Treasurer of Normandy, 
 was in Pofleffion of it, and fettled it upon 
 his Wife and Children by a long Entail. 
 It was in his Pofteriry, 28 Hen. VIII. 
 when Charles le Blount, Lord Mont joy, held 
 this Manor, with the Appcrtinances, ofi 
 the King in Capite, by Knight's Service, 
 and dying feizcd thereof, left James 
 Blount Lord Montjoy, his Son and Heir ; 
 \vhile this Manor vas in this Family, we 
 find that King Edward III. Reg. 6. grant- 
 ed to William le Blount, then Lord of this 
 Manor, that he and his Heirs for ever 
 Ihould have and enjoy, at their Manor of 
 Belton yearly, a Fair for three Days, 
 viz- on the Eve, Day and Morrow of 
 St. J-ames the Aprjile, with this Claufe 
 of Exception, unlefs that Fair-Day 
 fhould be any Prejudice to the neigh- 
 bouring Fairs. Sir WiJfiam Dtigdaje fays, 
 That he had a Grant alfo for a Fair up- 
 on the Eve and Day of St. Thmas the 
 Apoftle. Of the former Mr. Wright tells 
 
 us, that he had a double Grant, the firit 
 by a Charter dated at Nottinghrm, 24. 
 April, 6 Edw. III. and the laft dated at 
 Woodjtock 20 July, in the fame Year. We 
 do not find that any of them arc con- 
 tinued. 
 
 From the Family of Blounts this Ma- 
 nor in After-times pafled to that of 
 Hafilwood, but whether by Purchafe or 
 Inheritance by the Heirs General, we 
 cant't difcover ; and continued in it, till 
 the Reign of King J-ames I. when Tho- 
 mas H.ijilwood, I' r n; by his Deed of Bar- 
 gain and Sale, conveyed it to George But- 
 ler and Thomas Phillips, as it ftands en- 
 rolled in the Common Pleas, Term. Mich. 
 ii Jac. I. rot. 19. Beltun is at prefent the 
 Seat and Manor of Richard Verney, Efq; 
 a Lover of Antiquity, .and Patron of the 
 Learned. He is defcended from an emi- 
 nent Family of that Name, who hax'e 
 a long Time been feated at Cowpton- 
 Murdach in Warwickshire. 
 
 In the Parifh there were anciently ie- 
 veral Eftates belonging to the diflblved 
 Monaftcries, viz. i". Ouluefton, or Oufton 
 in Leicefterjbire, -viz. a Cottage and cer- 
 tain Lands with the Appertinances de- 
 mifed, 3 Edw. VI. to one William Clarke, 
 to hold at the Will of the Lord from 
 Year ro Year, paying the yearly Rent of 
 four Shillings at the Feafts of the An- 
 nunciation of our Lady, and Sr. Michae1 9 
 equally. ^. The Monaftery of Lattnd'm 
 Lei:-efterjl}ire, viz. one Tenement of the 
 yearly R^nr of twenty Shillings, demi- 
 fed by the faid Monaftery at the Diflolu- 
 tion to Thomas Drake. Alfo a certain 
 Tenement with Lands thereunto belong- 
 ing, of the yearly Value of ten Shil- 
 lings, demifed then by the faid Mona- 
 ftery to Thomas Wcodhoufe, alias Welfler y 
 for the Term of fixty-one Years, by a 
 Deed dated 22 May, 30 Hen. VIII. 
 Thirdly, The Tithes of Belton, with one 
 Piece cf Land or Meadow, called E*(t~ 
 JMicklengs, demifed by the faid Monaftcry 
 of Laur>d to the aforefaid TJsomas Wocd- 
 hottfe, alias Welfter, at the yearly Rent 
 of fix Pounds ten Shillings ; all which 
 was granted by King Edward VI. Reg. 2. 
 to Gregory Lord Cromwell, and Elizabeth 
 U u u a hi*
 
 5*4 
 
 his Wife, to be enjoyed for both their 
 Lives. 4. Certain Lands belonging to 
 the Hofpital of Burton St. Lazarus in Lei- 
 cejlerjhire, given by King Henry VIII. Reg. 
 $6. to John "Dudley, then Vifcount Lijle, 
 and afterward Earl firft of Warwick, 
 and then of Northumberland, upon a re- 
 ferved Rent (with other Lands in Whl- 
 laett and AJhiveJl) of 49 s. per Ann. 
 
 The Church here feems to be a Cha- 
 pelry to Wardly, becaufe this laft is thus 
 rated for the Firft-fruits in the King's 
 Books. Wardley cum Belton, i o /. 1 6 s- o d. * 
 In the Chancel near the North-Eaft 
 Corner there is a Tomb with an Infcrip- 
 tion about the Verge, fhewing that it is 
 for Thomas Hajtlwood, Efq; and Clemence 
 his Wife, which Thomas died 20 Decemb. 
 1559, and Clemence in the Year 15 : : . 
 
 BRAVANSTON, a Village, which 
 was anciently a Part of the Foreft of 
 Li/eld; it is not mentioned in Domefday- 
 Book, and fo our Defcription muft be- 
 gin much lower ; for the firft Thing 
 that we meet with relating to it, is, that 
 King John, in the firft Year of his Reign, 
 direfted his Precept to the Sheriff of 
 Rutland, commanding him to deliver to 
 Hamon Falconer eight Pounds out of the 
 Rents of certain Lands in the Manor of 
 Braunfton, formerly belonging to Nicholas 
 de Menll. And again, in the iyth Year 
 of the faid King, the like Precept was 
 dire&ed to the Sheriff of Rutland, to 
 deliver to William Ferrari the Land, which 
 the King had formerly given to Hamon 
 Falconer. Again, Robert de Fatconer (who 
 \vas defcended of the faid Hamon, as we 
 fuppofe, and inhabited this Town) was 
 one of thofe eminent Perfons in this 
 County, who in the 29 Edw. I. received 
 the King's Writ of Summons to attend 
 him, well fitted with Horfe and Arms, 
 on the Feaft of St. John Baptifl, then 
 r.ext enfuing, at Berwick upon Tweed, in 
 Order to a War againft the Scots. 
 
 In the ninth Year of King Ed-ward II. 
 the Prior of Kenelworth-Abbey in War- 
 tvictjbfre, and Theobald de Neyvills were 
 Lords of Braunjton ', but afterward the 
 Cbifddines became Lords of fo much of 
 as had formerly belonged to 
 
 V f L A N <D S H I R E. 
 
 Tlieobald de Neyuil, which pafied into that 
 Family by a Match with Anne, Daugh- 
 ter and Heir of William de Burghe, who- 
 died felled in her Demefne as of Fee, of 
 the Manor of Braunjton, and other Lands 
 and Hereditaments in this County, 
 7 Afarth, 23 Hen. VI. leaving John Chi- 
 feldine, the Son of John Chefeldine, who/ 
 was the Son of the faid Anne, her next 
 Heir, as appears by an Inquisition taken- 
 at Okeham 23 April of the fame Year, in 
 which it is faid, that fhe held this Ma- 
 nor by Knight's Service, of Humphrey- 
 Duke, of Buckingham, as of his Caftle of 
 Okeham ', and that the Manor was then 
 valued at twelve Marks per Ann. over 
 and above all Repriz.es. 
 
 There were alfo in this Parifh divers 
 other Proprietors of Freehold Eftates* 
 which deferve our Notice, viz. In the 
 Reign of Queen Mary, Reg. I. John 
 Burton was found to die feized of one 
 Meffuage in the Tenure of John Holly y 
 two Cottages, two Gardens, and two 
 Tofts, and nine Shillings Rent, in this 
 Town, which he held of the Queen in 
 Capite, by Knight's Service, from whom 
 they defcended to William Burton his Son 
 and Heir, and continued after him in his 
 Family. Queen Elizabeth alfo, Reg. z5 
 did by her Letters Patent, give and 
 grant to Edward Wymarke of London, Gent, 
 a Parcel of Fielding here, partly Wood- 
 ground, and partly Pafture of 14 Acres, 
 commonly called The Wifpe, with all the 
 'Profits and Emoluments growing on the 
 fame, which Land was afterwards in 
 King James Ift's Reign, jReg. 9. granted, 
 over to Thomas Eely and George Merreils* 
 who at length parted it over by fevcral 
 Deeds to Bartin Burton of Okeham in this 
 County, his Heirs and Afligns for ever. 
 In Truft neverthelefs, that the Rents 
 and Profits thereof fhould, from Time 
 to Time, for ever be employed for the 
 Good of the Freeholders of this Town* 
 who have Common in it ; and towards 
 the Maintenance of a Preacher in the 
 Chapel of Eraunjlon ; and in Default 
 thereof, for the Repairs of the faid 
 Chapel, and the Bells therein, and for 
 the Amendment of the High ways, and 
 
 Relict
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 525 
 
 Relief of the Poor, as fliall totheTruftees of that Houfe became Lords of Brooke in 
 feem moft neceflary and convenient, their Succeflipns, till the Diflolution of 
 His Son Andrew Burton, Efq; confirmed the Monafteries, which happened to the 
 his Father's Settlement, 19 April 1636, Cell here, 28 Hen. VIII. 1536. This 
 and conveyed the faid Lands to certain Manor being by the Supprcflion of the 
 Trufteesfor the Ufes above-mentioned ,as Abbies, in that King's Hands, His Ma- 
 it ftill remains. jcfty granted it to Anthony Cope, Efq: 
 The Church here is a Chapelry to with the Site of the Cell, under the 
 Hameldon, in the Hundred of Martlnejly, Name and Title of the late Priory of 
 and the Preacher is to have fome Al- Canons of the blefled Virgin Mary of 
 lowance out of the Lands given by Bar- Brooke, in the Parifli of Brooke, in the 
 tin Burton before mentioned. The Dean County of Roteland, with all their Ap- 
 and Chapter of Lincoln alfo, at their pertinances in the faid County, to hold 
 Renewing of their Leafe of the impro- the fame in Capite, by Knight's Service 
 priate Tithes of this Hamlet, did referve, of the King, at the referved Rent of 
 for the continual Benefit of the Minifter, 47. 13*. nd. payable at Michaelmas 
 a yearly Payment of thirteen Pounds fix yearly, which Grant is dated 6 Sept. 
 Shillings and eight Pence. In it there 2 3 Hen. VIII. but Sir Anthony kept not 
 are two Tombs for Kenelm Chefeldyn of this Manor Ic ng ; for in the fccond Year 
 Uppinefiam, Efqi who was lineally de- of King-Edward VI. he obtained a Li- 
 fcended f rom ^ nrie Broogh, Daughter of ccnfe of that King to alienate the faid 
 the faid Lord Broogh, who had by Wine- Manor of Brooke, with the Priory and 
 frafhis Wife n Sons and 5 Daughters, jhe Appertinances to Andrew Noel, Efq; 
 and died z Aug. 1596, leaving Edward of Dally, in the County of Leicejler and 
 his Son and Heir. As alfo for John Che- his Heirs for ever. He was one of the 
 (eldyn of this Place, Efj\ who died June Gentlemen Penfioners to Queen Eliza* 
 the thirteenth, in the Year of our Lord beth, and left IfTue Edward Noel, his Son 
 
 1642.. 
 
 BR.O OK, or Broc, as it is written in 
 ancient Records, (lands alfo within the 
 Limits of the old Foreft of Lyfeld. It 
 is not mentioned in Domefday-Book, 
 becaufe it is fuppofed that it was then 
 one of the five Berews or Hamlets be- 
 longing to Okebam Cherchefoch. Walke- 
 linede Ferrars was Lord of this Town, as 
 he was ofOkeham, and af&rted five Acres 
 
 out of the Fields of Brock, for which he , 7 _ , ^ 7 ... ... w * * 
 
 was questioned, but obtained an Acquit- Noel of Ridlington, 23 March, 14 J-ac. L 
 tai with a Grant, that he fhould pay and having married Julian the Daughter- 
 nothing to the King for the fame. To and Coheir of Sir Baptift Hicks, Knt. who 
 him fucceeded his Son and Heir Hugh de being created by King Charles L Euro:: 
 Ferrars who gave a Fine to King Richard of llmlngton, and Vifcount Cambiien, in 
 I. of three Hundred Marks to marry the Glocefterfo'ire ; this Edward, after his 
 Daughter and Heir of Hugh de Say of Death, became Vifcount Cambden, which 
 Riccard's Cajlle in Herefordjbire ; but ha- honourable Title remains ftill in his 
 vine no Children by her, he, with the Name and Pofterity. This Edward, then 
 Content of WahMine his Nephew, pro- Vifcount Cambden, approved himfelf 
 bably his next Heir, and William his truly loyal to his Majefty King Charles I. 
 Brother, gave this, Manor of Brook or in the grand Rebellion, in railing great 
 JZroch, to the Canons of Kenilworth^ in Numbers of Horfe for his Ma jelly's Scr- 
 ?, by which Grant the Priors vice. He died in the King's Garrifbn at 
 
 and Heir. He was made a Baronet fooa 
 after the Ereftion by King James L in 
 1611, and having fold Dalby, the ancient 
 Seat and Inheritance of his Family, he 
 came and refided at Brooke, where his 
 Pofterity, now Vifcounts Canibden, have 
 a Seat ; for this Edward- having ftill re- 
 maining a very fair Eftate, and being a 
 Perfon in great Etteem for his Abilities, 
 was advanced to the Degree and Digni- 
 ty of a Baron, by the Title of Lord
 
 RUT LA N T> SHIRE. 
 
 Oxford, 10 May 1643, and was buried at 
 Cambden in Glocejlerjhire foon after ; his 
 Heir was B.tptljl Nee!, who inherited his 
 Father's Eftate and Honours only ; but 
 his Son and Heir Edward was created 
 Earl of G.iinsborcugh in Lincolr foire , by 
 King Charles II. v>hich Honour Eabtift his 
 great Grandfon now enjoys with the Seat 
 here. 
 
 Here is a Church, but we fuppofe un- 
 endowed ; for we can't find it in the 
 King's Books und-er the Name of Reftory 
 er Vicary, nor a Chapelry to any 
 Church, and foall Divine Offices therein 
 performed muft be by Contributions 
 now, tho' we fuppofe it to be the Mo- 
 naftery Church, and fo fupplied by the 
 Monks as long as the Priory here was 
 (landing. In it \\e obfrrve but one Mo- 
 nument, which is a fair one fta'nding in 
 the Chancel, for Cbarlct the Son of An- 
 Avevj Noel, who died in 1619, <ntat> 28. 
 on which is a long Commendation of 
 him in Latin and English Verfes. 
 
 CLIP SHAM, a Town lying in the 
 fartheft Parts North of this County be- 
 yond the Hundred of Alftoe, but belong- 
 ing to this Hundred of Oakham -Soake. It 
 is not found in Domefday-Book, and 
 therefore we can't difcoyer who was 
 Lord of it (then called "Kilpfiam} till the 
 pth Year of King Edward II. when Wil- 
 liam de la Zouche of Harringworth, was 
 Lord of this Town. He was a Perfon of 
 Note, and being much in Favour with 
 King Edward I. was firft knighted by 
 bathing with the Prince ; and as foon 
 as the Prince came to the Throne, by 
 the Name of King Edward II. he was 
 fummoned to Parliament among the 
 Barons, by the Title of Lord Har'wg- 
 wwth in Jforthamptonfifa, He departed 
 this Life 26 Edward III. being feized of 
 the Manor of Kilpjbam, and left it to his 
 Grandfon and Heir, the Son of I-oo his eldeil 
 Son and Heir, who died in his Life-time, 
 aged 30 Years, William Lord Zouche, 
 who diedfcizcd of this Manor, 5 Rich. II. 
 and in this Family it continued, till the 
 third of Henry V. in which Year another 
 William died pocflcfled of it, and left 
 Heirs, but whether it defcended to them, 
 
 we know not, no more than to the con- 
 trary. As to the Sort of Tenure, it ap- 
 pears out of the Remembrancer's Office, 
 that in the 5th of He. IV. William de la. 
 Zonche, Son and Heir <of William le 
 Zouche, held of the King at hi.s Death, 
 among other Lands, in divers Counties, 
 this Manor ofdipjbam, with the Advow- 
 fon of the Church there, and all its Ap- 
 pertinances, as of the Caftle of Oakham, 
 by the Service of the twentieth Part of 
 a Knight's Fee. By this Account we 
 may difcern how it comes to pafs, that 
 this Town, tho' at a great Diftance 
 from Oakham, yet belongs to that Hun- 
 dred, W.TK. by Reafon of the Tenure and 
 Relation it had to Okebam-Caftle, the 
 fame Perfon probably being the Owner 
 of both at the fame Time; and the E- 
 ftates of great Men being of old taxed 
 and aflfcfled together, tho' lying in di- 
 verfe Hundreds of the fame County, 
 and fometimes in diverfe Counties, 
 whereby in Procefs of Time it hath 
 come to pafs, that a Town in one Hun- 
 dred has been reckoned to belong to an- 
 other, and a Town in one County be- 
 longing to another, of which Sir William 
 Dugdale has given us divers In (lances in 
 hisHiftory of Warwickfiire,p. 588 and 481. 
 But this Manor, and many other E- 
 ftates belonging to this noble Family, 
 were loft, by John Lord Zouche, who 
 having joined with King Richard III. in 
 the Battle of Eofivcrthfeld, againft the 
 Duke of Richmond, who being victorious, 
 .was fet on the Throne by the Name of 
 King Henry VII. was attainted in the Par- 
 liament at Wejtminjler ; and his Lands be- 
 ing thereby forfeited, King Henry VII. 
 granted to David Philips, among other 
 Things, this Mrnor of CKpJbam, to hold 
 it by the fame Services, by which it 
 was formerly held of the Crown. J-ohn 
 Lord Zwche was afterward rcftored to 
 his Mother's Inheritance ; but this Ma- 
 nor was remaining in the Crown, who 
 gave it (as we fuppofe) to John Lord 
 Harrington of Exton ', for we find by an 
 Inquifition taken ar Oakham, 22 March, 
 1 3 Jac. I. after the Deccafe of the faid 
 John^ that he died feiz,ed, among other 
 
 Things,
 
 RUT L . 
 
 Things, of the Manor of Clipfiam in this 
 County ; but he leaving only a Daugh- 
 ter, {he fpcnt all her Eftate profufely, 
 tho' married to the Earl of Bedford ; and 
 this Manor is now or late was the Eftate 
 of Ezekiel Johnftn, Grandfon of that RJ- 
 lert J-obnfon, Archdeacon of Lelcefter, 
 who founded the Free-Schools of Okeham 
 and Uppingharrt, of which we have fpoken 
 in Oakham, and fhall add more in Upping- 
 ham, if neceflary. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, to 
 which in the 4th Hen. III. John de Frax- 
 ineto prefented as Patron, in whom the 
 Advowfbn then was ; but in the next 
 Reign, -viz. the fccond Year of King 
 Edward I. Sir Eudo la Zouche prefented to 
 it, which is an Argument that he was 
 Lord of the Manor, tho' we meet not 
 with any Evidence of it, till the In- 
 quifition made of it at the Death of his 
 Son William Lord Zouche. \\iihin. the 
 Chapel of St. Nicholas in this Church, 
 there was anciently a Chantry founded 
 by William la Zouche, of which the 
 Foundation being particularly furveyed 
 by Richard Cecil, Efq; and Thomas Hays, 
 made Commim'oners for that Purpoie ; 
 it was thus certified by them, the zd 
 of Edward VI. viz- 
 
 * That it was founded for the Main- 
 tenance of one Prieft to (ing there for 
 ever; hath Lands and Tenements in 
 *- the Counties of Rtttland and Lincoln, to 
 the Value of one Hundred and fix 
 Shillings and eight Pence; whereof 
 Rents refolute are 4 d. only ; fo that 
 there remains clear for the Portion of 
 the Chp.untry Prieft, Sir Richard Tayler, 
 aged 46 Years, who is impotent, but of 
 very honcft' Report, and hath nothing 
 to live upon but his ChaiirTtry, an Hun- 
 dred and fix Shillings and four Pence 
 per Ann. and out of it he pays year y 
 for Tenths to the King 'nine Shillings 
 and eight Pence. There did belong 
 to this Chantry one Chalice, Parcel 
 gilt, which was delivered to the Jewel- 
 houfe, and Ornaments valued ur u 
 Shillings and 4. Pence. 
 The Reftory of Kilpjharn is valued in 
 the King's Books for Firft-fiuirs, at 
 
 // / R 'E. 
 
 10 /. os. <)d. The Patron we lappolc to 
 be .Mr. Ezekiel Jcbnfon above-mentioned, 
 as Lord of the Manor. 
 
 E G L F. T o N, Egilton, or Egejlon, a 
 Town not mentioned in Dotnefday-Book, 
 becaufe it \yas then included in Oakhatn 
 Church-fab. In the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward I. this Town and Manor was in the 
 Poffeflion of Edmund Earl of Cornwall^ 
 Son ot Richard Earl of Cornwall, and 
 King of the Romans, (a younger Son of 
 King John} by Sanchia his Wife. He had 
 the Cuftody of the whole County of 
 Rutland, from the fixteenth Year of King 
 Edward I. to the twenty-eighth, when he 
 died, but without Imie. He married 
 Margaret, the Sifter of Gilbert de Clare, 
 Earl of Glocejier, who furyived him, and 
 was allowed by the King, at the Inter- 
 ceffion of the Peers in Parliament af- 
 fembled, 500 /. per Ann. for her Support, 
 during her Life ; to fecure the Payment 
 of which thefe Lordfhips and Rents were 
 afligned, viz. the Caftle and Manor of 
 Okeham, with the Hundreds of Martinjley^ 
 Alflou, and E.ift Hundred, with the Ham- 
 let of Egleton (Part' of the Atanor of 
 Langham} in this County; as allb four- 
 teen Pounds fix Shillings and four Pence, 
 yearly Rent, ilfuing out of the Court- 
 Leets, and Sheriffs Aid, in Keten, Pre- 
 fton, Okeham and Hameldon, and divers 
 other Towns in this County and others, 
 fo that ihe became Lady of the Manor. 
 She married' Piers de Gauejhn, King Ed- 
 ward lid's ravburite ; and by the Nara 
 of the Lady Ga-tejl.n was Lady of this 
 Court and Ma.nor. She afterwards mar- 
 ried to Hugh Lord Audley, or Alditblef. 
 le Sk.e, or Junior : Who was Lord of tlm 
 Manor after the Lady Gav-ejloii, we-k- 
 know ; but find- that H*nry,dj Gny, Lo-d 
 of Codnoore, obtained of fiipg Richard III. 
 Reg- i. a Grant of this Manor,, to hold 
 to himfelf and the Heirs Male of hi? 
 Body lavv'fully begotten ; but this Gifc 
 ended with his Life, for he lefc no le- 
 gitimate Son ; and fo this Manor return- 
 ing to the Crown, it was granted to the 
 Family of the Erowns ; for in rfhe later- 
 End of King H-nry Vlllth's Rei^n, Sir 
 > Knt. waj Lord of thjs. 
 Manor,*
 
 528 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 Manor, and by him it was again con- 
 veyed to the Crown. And accordingly 
 we obfervc, that Robert Harbottle, the 
 King's Receiver in thefe Parts, did ac- 
 count in the Court of Augmentations, 
 Term. Mick- 2. Edw. VI. for the Sum of 
 go 7. 15^. io</. for the Rents and Profits 
 of this Manor of Egleton, purchufed of 
 Sir Antbwy Brown, Knt. 
 
 Rent of Affiie from 
 
 Ham Yielding^ Thcmas Bar- 
 
 fortb,Clei', & Emm. Prottw 
 
 Wid. 
 
 Rents of the Tenants at Will 19 ip 6 
 Profits of Court that Year 02 128 
 
 r>=.c 
 *j 
 
 His Grace George VUlers, late Duke of 
 Buckingham, was Lord of this Manor, 
 with that of Qkikam ; but now we fup- 
 pofe the Right Honourable Daniel Earl 
 of Nottingham, is Lord of it as well as of 
 Okeham. 
 
 The Church here is a Chapel of Eafe 
 jo Okeham, and in it was anciently a 
 Gild or Fraternity, To called, from the 
 Saxon Word pOb, or ilt> which fig- 
 nifies Money, becaufe aflbciating thera- 
 J'elves either upon the Account of Cha- 
 rity, Religion or Trade, they contribu- 
 ted Money and Goods, and fometimcs 
 Lands, for the Support of the common 
 Charge. Thefe Guilds had their frequent 
 Meetings, and annual Feafls when they 
 chofe Officers for the entiling Year, and 
 maintained a Pricft to fay Mafles for 
 the Living and Dead of their Fraternity. 
 They are ftill kept up in Germany, and 
 from them the Companies in the Cities 
 and Corporations of England took their 
 Original, as did alfo the Sodalities or 
 Fraternities of Houfhohters, andPerfons 
 of both Sexes, ftill kept up beyond Seas 
 in divers Countries. As to the Guild 
 here at Egleton, it was certified by the 
 Commiflioners fent to furvey the fame, 
 2 Edw. VI. That it was founded for the 
 Maintenance of one Prieft to fing Mafs 
 there for ever ; and was endowed with 
 certain -i-ands and Tenements in this 
 County, of the Value of an Hundred and 
 
 ci^ht Shillings and 
 I 
 
 fix Pence, out of 
 
 which was paid twenty-nine Shillings 
 yearly, to divers Perfons, fo that the 
 Guild-Prieft had but feventy-nine Shil- 
 lings and fix Pence for his Maintenance ; 
 his Name was Sir Thomas Kelfo, and be- 
 ing then 70 Years of Age, was returned 
 unable to ferve a Cure, but poor, and 
 of good Report among his Neighbours. 
 The Revenues iflued out of certain Cot- 
 tages, Mefluages, Lands and Tenements, 
 lying and being in this Parifh of Okeham. 
 In this Certificate we find a Memoran- 
 dum, That the Number of houfling People 
 (j. e. Communicants) in this Parifh of 
 Egleton, was but four, who were under 
 the Cure of the Parfon there. Upon 
 the Return of this Certificate the Guild 
 was diflblved, and the Lands were grant- 
 ed by the King's Letters Patents, under 
 his Great Seal, Reg. 3. to Edward War- 
 tier and John Gofnolde, Efqs; and their 
 Heirs and Affigns for ever, to hold of 
 his Honour of Eye in Suffolk, in free 
 Soccage, and not in Capite, without any 
 Rent referved ; who the fame Year con- 
 veyed all and fingular the PremifTes to 
 Robert Harbottle, Gent, his Heirs and Af- 
 fign for ever. 
 
 LANG HAM, in Domefday-Book, is 
 reckoned as a Berew or Hamlet to Oke- 
 ham, and had always, till the lalt Age, 
 the fame Owner with Okeham. In the 
 28th of King Edward Ift's Reign, Ed- 
 mund Earl of Cornwall, Son of Richard 
 Earl of Cornwall, and Senchia his Wife, 
 died feized of this Manor with Okeham 
 and Egleton, and the Shrevalty of the 
 County, without Heirs. After his Death 
 it was fettled in Dowry (as is before- 
 mentioned in Okeham and Egetton} upon 
 the Lady Margaret his Widow, for Life,- 
 who after married Piers de Gavejlon, and 
 after hin Hugh Lord Audley. After her 
 Dcceafe we find nothing of this Town till 
 7 Hen. V. when it appears by Office, 
 that Sir William Bourchier and Anne his 
 Wife, Daughter and Heir of Thomas late 
 Duke of Glocefter, held of the King in 
 Capite, fifty-hve MefTuages, fifty-five 
 Yard-lands, fity-one Cottages, fixty-five 
 Acres, three Roods and an half of Mea- 
 do.v, forty-two Acres, two Roods and an 
 
 half
 
 half of Paftare, valued then at feven 
 Shillings, and one Pound of Pepper, of 
 free Rents in Langbam, as Parcels and 
 Members of the Manor of Okebam, by 
 the Service of one third Part of a 
 Knight's Fee, but the Manor it felf was 
 in the Crown, and fo remained till the 
 Reign of Richard IU. Anno i. when that 
 King granted this Manor, with thofe of 
 Okebam and Egleton, to Henry Lord Grey 
 of Codnowe, to be held to himfclf and 
 Heirs Male of his Body lawfully begot- 
 ten ; but this Grant ended with his Life, 
 becaufe he left no legitimate Iflue; 
 whereupon it returned again to the 
 Crown, and feems there to have remain- 
 ed till King Henry VIII. granted this Ma- 
 nor with Okeh#m, &c. to Thomas Lord 
 Cromwell, whom he made Baron of Oke- 
 bam at or near the fame Time. By his 
 Attainder and Death, his Honour and 
 Eftate was forfeited to the Crown ; but 
 his Son Gregory Cromwell being then a 
 Servant to his Mujefty, and in Favour 
 with him, obtained a new Grant of his 
 Father's Honour, and many of his Lands, 
 among which was this Manor. He died 
 feized of it, 5 Edw. VI. and left it to 
 Henry his Son and Heir, who left two 
 Sons, Ed-ward Lord Cromwell, and Sir 
 Gregory Cromwell ; he, to provide for 
 this his youngeft Son Gregory, feparated 
 this Manor of Langham from Okebam, 
 and fettled it in Marriage upon him and 
 his Wife, who in the 4*d Year of Queen 
 Elizabeth, obtained a Licenfe of her Ma- 
 jefty, to alienate this Manor of Langham 
 to Sir Andrew Noel, Knt. in whofe Fami- 
 ly it ftill continues; Baptijl Noel, now 
 Earl of Gainsborough, or his Heirs, being 
 the Lords of this Manor at this Time. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry VIII. Ri- 
 cbard Flower, whole Family had a Seat at 
 Wbltwell in this County, died feized in 
 Fee of the Mediety of one Mcfluage, 
 fifteen Acres of Land, and five Acres of 
 Meadow, with the Appertinances in this 
 Town. All which he held of the Lord 
 of the Caftte and Manor of Okebam by 
 Fealty. 
 
 The Church here is, we fuppofe, a 
 Chapelry to Okebam, and in it are only 
 
 two Monuments obfervable, and that ra- 
 ther for their Antiquity than Sumptu- 
 oufnefs, viz- one in the North Building 
 for William Byby, who died n Decemb. 
 1589; and the other of Alabafter, in the 
 Paflage out of the Church into the Chan- 
 cel, for Mr. J-ohn Clerks, and J-aan and 
 Annlfi his two Wives. He died 3 F?.b. 
 1532. In the Windows of it are the 
 Arms of Hajlings Earl of Pembroke, Clare> 
 Earl of Clxre, and Glocefler, the Kings of' 
 the Eajt Angles, and Beaucbamb Earl of 
 Warwick. 
 
 Leigh, or Lee t anciently a Town and 
 Manor, but a Lodge only at this Time, 
 in the Forcft, which was named from it t 
 no 0oubt, called Lyfald-foreft. There is 
 no Mention of it in Dornefdiy-Book, nor 
 in any of the following Reigns, till the 
 ninth Year of King Edward II. wnen 
 Theobald fie Menyle (or rather, as fome 
 think, Nevlll) was Lord of this Manor 
 of Leigh. From him this Eltate, toge- 
 ther with the Office of chief Fbrefterof 
 the Foreft of Rutland, defcended to the 
 Chifeldities. How long they held ic. our 
 Hiltories do not tell us but we find it 
 in the King's Hands in the following 
 Times; for in the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward IV. William Lord Haftings, his great 
 Favourite, and a faithful Adherent to 
 the Houfe of York, had a Grant from the 
 faidKing of this Manor of Leigh, or Ly- 
 feld, and of the Office of chief Forcfter 
 in Rutland 1 . He was afterward murdered 
 by the Command of Richard Duke of 
 York, in the Reign of King Edward V. 
 whofe Lands being confifcatcd, during 
 the Time of King Richard III. they were 
 by King Henry VII. Reg. I. reftored to 
 his Son and Heir Edward Lord Htjlings* 
 whofe Son George Lord Hidings was, in 
 the a i ft Year of King Henry VIII. advan- 
 ced to the Title of Earl of Huntivgton, 
 and in his Family ic continued, till the 
 Reign of Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 24. 
 when fhe granted her Pardon to Sir 
 fames Harrington, Knt. for purchasing to 
 himfeif without a Licence of Alienation, 
 this Manor of Lee in this County of 
 Rutland, of Henry Earl of Httntingtcn, the 
 fame being held in Cafite of the Crown. 
 X x x This
 
 530 R U T L A N i 
 
 This "Eftate being thus veftcd in the 
 Family of the Harringtons, Join Lord 
 Harrington the Younger, by Indenture 
 dated 18 Feb. 11 Jacob. 1 did fettle this 
 Manor of Leigb, alias Lyfeld, among cli- 
 vers other Manors and Lands in this 
 County, in Truft, to be fold after his 
 Death, for the Payment of his and his 
 Father's Debts. This Lord departed this 
 Life foon after, and this Eftate was ac- 
 cordingly fold to Sir Edward Noel, Knt. 
 and Bar. and a Fine was paft of the fame 
 in Michaelmas-Term, 12 Jacob. I. in which 
 the faid Ed-ward Noel was Demandant ; 
 and Edward Earl of Bedford, and Lucy 
 Jhis Wife, Anne Lady Harrington, Widow, 
 and others, were Deforceants. 
 
 W A R D L Y is not mentioned in Domef- 
 day-Book, being at the Time of the Sur- 
 vey (as Mr. Wright fuppofes) a Member 
 of fome other neighbouring Town, tho' 
 he knows not which. The Manor to- 
 gether with that of Ayfton, in the Hun- 
 dred of Martinjley, which joins to it, did 
 anciently belong to the Family of Mur- 
 doc of StokertM, in the County of Lelcejler ; 
 but at length by the Heir General came 
 to the Boyvills ; Alice, the Sifter and Heir 
 of Hugh de Murdoc, being married to a 
 Bcyville, viz. Thomas de Boyvllle, who in 
 her Right became Lord of this Manor. 
 It continued in his Name and Pofterity 
 till the 8th of Edward IV. in which 
 Year Join Bcyvltte, the laft Lord of this 
 Manor of that Name, dying without ! 
 fue Male, his Eftate was divided between 
 his three Daughters and Coheirs, in 
 which Partition this Town and Ayjlon 
 became the Eftate of Margaret Bcyville, 
 then the Wife of Thomas Rejtwold, one 
 of the faid three Daughters. ThisTovm 
 .paid at this Time Suit and Service to the 
 Court of the Lords of the Caftle of Oke- 
 bam. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, valu- 
 ed with the Vicarage of Belton in the 
 King's Books, at io/. 151. lid. but in 
 whom the Advowfon is, ' we cannot dif- 
 cover. It is probable it was in the 
 Hands of the Prior and Monks of Laund 
 in Le'ueJ}erJbire, becaufe we find a Pe- 
 tit ion oi Walter de Baskerville, or BoyviJle, 
 
 and Ifolea his Wife, againft the Prior of 
 Laund, about the Advowfon of this 
 Church, in the 4th of King John, but 
 what was the Effeft we know not. Thefe 
 are all the Places of which our Hifto- 
 rians have taken Notice in this Hundred. 
 Ajhgate, Hermitage, and Stir-wood, are 
 mention'd in the Vittare's, as Parishes in 
 it, but our Maps have no fuch Places in 
 them ; and fo we proceed to 
 
 The Hundred of MARTINSLEY. 
 
 This Hundred of Martinjley is bounded 
 on the Weft, with the Hundred of Oke- 
 ham before treated of; on the South, 
 with the Hundred of Wrangdyke,-nnd the. 
 River Welland, which parts it from Lei- 
 cefterjlrire; on the Eaft, with the Hun- 
 dred of Wrangdyke and Eajl Hundred; 
 and on the North with the faid Eajl 
 Hundred and Aljloe Hundred. This Hun- 
 dred was anciently the Eftate of the 
 Earls of Cornwall, and after falling to 
 the Crown for want of Heirs, was fet- 
 tled on Margaret, the Widow of Eclmund 1 , 
 the. laft Earl of Cornwall, for Life, and 
 then returned to the Crown, where we 
 fuppofe ic now refts. The Towns of thig 
 Hundred are 
 
 UPPINGHAM, fo called, faith Mr. 
 Cambden, from its Situation upon a rifing 
 Ground ; but the 'Author of the Addi- 
 tions will not allow that the Derivation 
 can be properly taken from . the Site, 
 becaufe tho* the Ground on which it 
 ftands, be fomething above a Level, yet 
 it will hardly amount to an Hill, which 
 being granted, Mr. Cambden's locus ac- 
 cUvi't may ftand good, fo long as there 
 is any Afcent to it. Mr. Wright fays he 
 could not find this Town, tho' now the 
 fecondin this County, inDornefday-Book, 
 and therefore fuppofeth it to be at that 
 Time, one of thofe feven namelefs Berer 
 wicks or Hamlets included in Red- 
 lin&une Cherchefoch. 
 
 In the Time of the Barons Wars this 
 Town belonged to the Momforts ; for Pe- 
 ter de Montfort, an eminent Baron in thofe 
 Times, who was flain at the Battle of 
 Evefoam t gave this Manor of Uppingham 
 
 to
 
 R U? LA NT> S HI R E. 53 i 
 
 to WiHiatnhis fecond Son, about the 5oth of the Beauchamps, but the Honourof the 
 Year of King Henry III. but Iffue failing Earldom of Warwick into his Family, 
 in him, it returned to Peter his elder This Earl was a bufy Man in the Broils 
 Brother, and his Family, in which we between the two Houfes of York and Lan- 
 find it, 21 Edw. III. When Guy de Mont- cafter ; and had fo great an Hand in, 
 .fort, Grandfon of this laft Peter, having pulling down and fetting up fometimes 
 married Margaret, one of the Daughters King Henry VI. and fomcrimes King 
 of Thomas Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, Edward IV.- that he was called Make- 
 this Manor, with the reft of the Mont- King. At length he was flain in Barret- 
 forts Eftate, was fettled in Tail upon the fold, fighting for the Houfe of Lancajier t 
 faid Gy, and the Remainder to the Earl and his Eftate being fcized, was given, 
 of Warwick and his Heirs, ^^ Edw. III. 
 Guy de Montfort died Toon after without 
 Heirs ; whereupon this Manor and his 
 other Eftate became Part of the Poflef- 
 fions of the faid Earl of Warwick, after 
 the Death of Sir Peter de Mont fat, the 
 .Father of Guy, v-hofurvived him : The 
 Earl of Warwick however having the 
 Reverfion, fettled this Eftate of the 
 JMontforts upon Thomas his Son and Heir, 
 and the Heirs of his Body Male ; and for 
 want of fuch Iflue, on William his fecond 
 Son and his Heirs, &c. Thomas came to 
 the Inheritance of them, and enjoyed 
 them a considerable Time, being a Per- 
 fcn of great Eminent y in that and the 
 following Reigns, till falling under the 
 Difpleafure of King Richard II. he was 
 
 by Act of Parliament, from his Widow, 
 to whom the Inheritance belonged, to 
 her Daughters, I/abel married to the 
 Brother of King Edward, George Duke f 
 Clarence', and Anne married to Richard 
 Duke of Ghcejler, the faid King's young- 
 eft Brother (afterwards King Richard III). 
 The Countcfs being thus lefc in a deplo- 
 rable Condition, and not fo much allow- 
 ed her out of her vaft Eftare as would 
 fupport Life, much lefs her Honour, was 
 forced to take Sanftuary in the Mona- 
 ftery of Beaulieit in Hampjbire, where fhe 
 continued a long Time in a mean Con- 
 dition ; but at length retired from thence 
 into the North, where fhe underwent 
 many Hardships, till King Henry VII. 
 came to the Throne. 
 
 This Prince knowing how juft a 'Title 
 this Countefs had to her Eftate, and 
 having a Mind to get it into his own 
 Power, (both her Daughters being dead 
 without Heirs) caufed another Aft of 
 Parliament to be made, firft annulling 
 the former, as againft all Reafon, Con- 
 Favourite of fcience, and the Courfe of Nature, and 
 contrary to the Law of God; and fecond- 
 
 feiz.ed at a Feaft, to which he was invi- 
 ted by the King, and being found guilty 
 of Treafon, his Eftate was forfeited to 
 the Crown, (and tho' he was banifhed only 
 for Life) and the King granted the fame 
 (of which this Manor was a Part) to 
 Thomas Mowbra, Earl of Nottingham and 
 Duke of Norfolk, a great 
 that King's. 
 
 This Earl was a ftrange Inftance of ly, in Consideration of the Allegiance 
 the Mutability of Greatnefs and For- fhe always bore to King Henry VI. and 
 tune. He was almoft as foon caft down the Line ofLancafter, and never gave any 
 as exalted j for in the fame Year, that ' 
 he had the Beauchamps Eftate given him, 
 and was created Duke of Norfolk, he was 
 ban ifhed, never more to return, and died 
 at Venice ; upon which the Eftate of the 
 
 Beauchamps was reftored to 
 the Family. Anne, the Daughter of Ri- 
 chard Beauchamp, and Sifter to Henry 
 Duke of Warwick, who marrying Richard 
 
 juft Caufe of Difherifon, reftored her to 
 the Pofleffion of her Eftate, with a Pow- 
 er to aliene the fame, or any Part there- 
 of, which Ihe foon after, out of Grati- 
 tude to the King, did, after this Man- 
 the Heir of ner: On 13 Decemb. following in the fame 
 Year, fhe by a fpecial Feoft'ment and 
 Fine thereupon, conveyed it wholly to 
 the King, and entailed it upon the Itfue 
 
 Nevill, commonly called the ftout Earl Male of his Body, with Remainder to 
 of Warwick^ brought not only the Eftate herfelfand her Heirs. This Counrefs 
 
 X x x 2 was
 
 53* RUTLJN 
 
 was alive in the 5th Year of King Henry 
 VII. and tho' fhe might enjoy the Re- 
 venues of her Eftate, yet the King was 
 fo far intercfted in it, that he granted 
 the Stewardship cf the Lordfliips of this 
 Town, and fevcral others in this Coun- 
 ty, late belonging to George Duke of 
 Clarence, to Simon Di&by, a fecond Son to 
 Sir Everard Digby of Tilfon in Leicejler- 
 fbire, who, with his Father and Brother, 
 iiad fought ftoutly for him in Bofworth 
 Field. He was afterward a Commander 
 at the Battle of Stoke, where he behaved 
 himfelf fo well, that the King beftowed 
 leveral Offices and Eftates upon him, by 
 which hisPofterity grew much in Favour 
 with fucceeding Kings, that Robert his 
 Grandfon, was created Lord Digby of 
 Gsajll, and his Brother Lord Digby of 
 Shirburne, and at length Earl of BrijM, 
 Sept. 15, ^6^2,.^o J*c. I. 
 
 J3ut this Manor and fome others in 
 this County, as Prejton, Barowden, EJJen- 
 der., &c. (of which the Digbies had 
 been Stewards) were divers Ways 
 aliened by the Crown in the following 
 Reigns; for King Edward VI. (as appears 
 from the Receivers Books in the Court 
 of Augmentations) granted this Manor 
 and frefton (the Rents and Profits of 
 which did at that Time amount to the 
 Sum of 80 /. 3*. 6d. \ per Ann.} to his 
 Sifter the Lady Elizabeth, (afterwards 
 Queen) to hold from the Feaft of St. 
 Michael, durante Beneplatito ipfus Domini 
 Regis. And again, in the Reign of Q.^ 
 Elizabeth, the laid Manors of Uppineham 
 and Prefton were granted out of the 
 Crown to the then Earl of Exeter, from 
 which Family it pafled in Marriage with 
 Anne, one of the Daughters and Coheirs 
 of William Cecil arl of Exeter, to Henry 
 Grey Earl of Stamford; from which Fa- 
 mily this Manor hath pafled to the Fa- 
 mily of Fauikner, being purchafed by 
 Everard Fawkner, a wealthy Citizen and 
 Mercer of London, who being great 
 Uncle to Edward Fawkner, Efq; hath 
 left it to him for his Inheritance, and he 
 or his Heirs are the prefent Lords 
 cf it. 
 
 Here is alfo another Manor in this 
 
 T> $ E I R E. 
 
 Town, tho'but a fmall one, which be- 
 longs to the Parfon of the Church of Up- 
 pingham, for the Time being in Right 
 of his Parfon age. 
 
 The Market here is kept weekly on 
 Wednefday, and Fair on 20 July yearly ; 
 both of them were eftabliflied in this 
 Manner: King Edward I. in the ninth 
 Year of his Reign, did grant and confirm 
 to Peter de Montfort, then Lord of this 
 Manor, that he and his He>rs for ever 
 fliould have one Merca&e, at their Ma- 
 nor of Uppingham, in the County of Rut- 
 land, weekly on Wednefday ; and alfo one 
 Fair yearly for three Duys, -viz.. on the 
 Eye, Day and Morrow of the blefled 
 Virgin St. Margaret, zo July, with this 
 Condition, Nifi mercatum Iliad, &c. I, e. 
 unlefs that Market and Fair fhould be 
 prejudicial to the neighbouring Markets 
 and Fairs. 
 
 About the Year 1 584, Robert J-ohnfon, 
 Archdeacon of Leicefter, and Parfon of 
 North Luffenham in this County, built a 
 Free-School in this Town, as he did al- 
 fo at the fame Time at Okeham. He built 
 them out of certain Colle&ions made for 
 that Purpofe, and endowed them with 
 certain concealed Lands and Impropria- 
 tions, which he had begged of Queen 
 Elizabeth for that End, and for both ap- 
 pointed the fame Orders and Government 
 which fee in Okeham, by the Statute of 
 1 1 Hen. VII. the Standard of Weights 
 and Meafures for this County of Rutland, 
 is appointed to be kept in this Town of 
 Uppingham, it not being always appointed 
 to be kept at the County-Town ; for by 
 the fame Statute, the Standard for the 
 County of Warwick is to remain at Co- 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Re&o- 
 ry, which was anciently in the Patronage 
 o'f the Abbey of WeJimir.Jler ; for in 41 
 Hen. III. Benedict de Gravefend, then Abbot 
 of Wejiminfler, (being then alfo Bifhop of 
 Lincoln") prefented to the Church of Up' 
 pingham ; but after the DifTolution of the 
 Abbey of Weftminjler, the Temporal ties of 
 that Houfe being in the Crown. King 
 Edward VI. Reg. 4. granted, among o- 
 ther Things, the Advowfon of this Church 
 
 to
 
 to Dr. tficMas Ridley, then Bifliop of 
 London, and to his Succeflbrs for ever, 
 by his Letters Patents, dated iz April, 
 Reg. 4. fo that the prefent Bifhop of 
 London is Patron of it. This Re&ory is 
 valued in the King's Books in the Firft- 
 fruits Office, at io/. vs. yd. 
 
 Dr. Jeremiah Taykr, that moft learned 
 and excellent Divine, fo well known by 
 his Piety and Writings, was Reftor of 
 thts Panfh when the Troubles began. 
 Archbifticp Land, \vhofe Chaplain he 
 was, gave him this Living, which he 
 enjoyed but a little Time before he was 
 fequeftered, for being a Champion for 
 the Royal Family and Church. He fol- 
 lowed his Maieity and his Army for fome 
 Time after this in the Condition of a 
 Chaplain; but when the King's Caule 
 failed, he fled into Wales, and kept a 
 School for the Maintenance of himfelf 
 and Family, being patronized by the 
 loyal Earl of Carbury. From thence he 
 removed to London ; but being there in 
 continual Dangers, he was tranfported 
 to Ireland, and fettled there by Edward 
 Lord Conivay at Portmore, and at length 
 upon King Charles lid's Reftoration, made 
 Bimop of Down and Connor. 
 
 In the Church here is a Monument 
 for Everard Fxwkner, Efq; once High 
 Sheriff of the County, who died 2 May 
 1653. in the 75th Year of his Age. His 
 Epitaph, which contains fix Diftichs of 
 Latin Verfes, defcribes him as defcended 
 from virtuous Parents; a Lover of 
 Goodncfs and Piety ; a good Lawyer and 
 Soldier ; a Benefactor to the Town, in 
 paving the Streets at his own Charge ; 
 charitable to the Poor; and Encourager 
 of poor young Men. His Heir Edu\:rd 
 Efq; fet it up in Gratitude to 
 
 A i s T o N is not mentioned in Domef- 
 day-Book, becaufe, as Mr. Wright fup- 
 pofeth, it was one of thofe feven Bercws 
 or Hamlets, which, at the Time of that 
 Survey, pafled under the Name of Rid- 
 I'tftune Cherchefoch. In the I4th Year of 
 King Ediuard'l, Sir William Murdoc, Knt. 
 g&ve'Aftorrefton, otherwife called Aijlon, 
 near upfingbam, to his Son Hugh, who 
 
 Z) <> rt I R &. 533 
 
 dying not long after without Ifliie, his 
 Eftate came to dike his Sifter, the Wife- 
 of Thomas de Boy-vlUe, in whofe Pollerity 
 it continued, tiil the 8th of King Edward 
 IV. when John de Bcyville, then Lord of 
 A'ljion and Wardly in this County, and o 
 Stockerfon and Cranoe in Leicejlerfiire, died,, 
 leaving three Daughters his Coheirs- 
 They were all married ; and upon the- 
 Partition, this Town and Wardly were 
 afligned to Thomas Rejlwold, who had 
 married Margaret, one of them,; and, 
 Cranoe and Stockerfon to Cockalr.e and 
 Sothill, who had married the other two~ 
 The prefent Lord of this Town is the. 
 Right Honourable George Brndenal Earl of 
 Cardigan, who hath a Seat here* 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory; valu- 
 ed in the King's Books in the Firft-fruits, 
 Office, at 8 /. 7 /. 8 d. Sir Henry M~urdoc r 
 Knt. prefented to it in the i jth Year o" 
 King Henry III. but we do not find ia 
 whom the Patronage is at prefent. 
 
 EDIWESTON is not mentioned in 
 Domefday-Book, being, as Mr. Wright 
 fuppofeth, one of the feven Berew& or 
 Hamlets included in the Survey of Ha- 
 meldune Cherchefoch. William de Tankeruile^ 
 the King's Chamberlain, in Confirma- 
 tion of his Father Ralph's Donation, did,, 
 in the Reign of King Henry II. give un- 
 to God and the Abbey of St. George of 
 Bauquerville in Normandy, in the Dioceia 
 of Roan, amongft divers other Lands- in 
 France and England, the Town and Churchu 
 of Ediwejlon in the County of Rutland* 
 and fo the Abbot of this Houfe was Lord 
 of this Manor in the Reign of King Ed* 
 qvard II. Sonic of the Lands given bye 
 the faid William, lay in the Forcft o 
 Rutland, which, when the Monk* were 
 defirous to convert into Tillage, they: 
 were obliged to get Leave of the faui 
 King Henry to do it, which he not onl\i 
 granted, but at the fame Time confirmed 
 all their Eftates, as well here as beyond 
 Sea, with a ConcefBon of many othlr 
 Immunities and Privileges relating ta: 
 theiar Tenure. In this State this Toa. 
 continued, till the Reign of King R.V 
 clard II. who gave Leave to the Abbot 
 and Convent of St. George of 
 
 t
 
 '5.34 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 in Normandy, of the Order of St. Benedittj the County of Rutland. He died z8 
 
 to give the Manor, Houfe or Priory of 1675, in the Sift Year of his Age. 
 JEditveJiorJ) with the Appertinances, in 
 the County of Rutland*, (which they then 
 
 GUNTHORP was anciently a Village, 
 tho* at prefent there is not the leaft Sign 
 
 poflefled) 'to the Prior and Convent of of a 'Town remaining, yet the Grounds 
 
 ' 
 
 Cartluftans, adjoining to the City of Co- 
 venty, and their Succeflbrs for ever. 
 
 Th is Eftate continued in the faid Con- 
 
 vent lill the Diflblution, which was in 
 
 the 3oth Year of King Henry VIII. 1539. 
 
 At which Time Francis Centers, Efq; held 
 
 this Manor with its Appertinances, to- 
 
 gether with the Advowfon of the Church 
 
 here, by Leafe from the faid Priory, 
 
 dated 3 Ottcb. 13 Hn. VIII. for the Term 
 
 of fifty Years, at the yearly Rent of 13 s. 
 
 4d. payable* at Michaelmas, paying ailb 
 
 moreover ro the Guardian of the Hofpi- 
 
 tal of St. J-ibn and St. Anne of Okeham, 
 
 iof 13*. 4-d, quarterly, according to a 
 
 Compofition made between the faid 
 
 Guardian and the above faid Prior and 
 
 Convent. After the Diffolution this E- 
 
 Hate being in the Crown, King Edward 
 
 VI. Reg. 4. granted this Manor of Edi- 
 
 nveftcn. with the Appcrtinances and the 
 
 Advowfon of the Church, to William Lord 
 
 Par of Kendale, then Marquis of North- 
 
 ampton, to hold of the Crown in Capite by 
 
 Knight's Service. He died without Iflue, 
 
 and his Eftate pa fled to Henry Herbert 
 
 Earl of Pembroke, his Nephew, by one 
 
 of his Sifters. The prefent Lord of the 
 
 Manor is Charles Halford, Efq; whofe 
 
 Anceftors had their Seat here, not long 
 
 After the Beginning of the laft Cen- 
 
 tury. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, valued 
 in the King's Books at i4/. 7 s. 4^, and 
 the prelent Patron of it is Charles Halford, 
 Ilq; but before the Diflblution, the Ab- 
 bot of Bauquerville prcfentcd to it, and 
 <loubtlefs the Prior of Coventry did fo, af- 
 ter the Houfe here was united to their 
 Priory. In the Church are two hand- 
 forr.c Monuments, one for Richard Hal- 
 a great Lover of Peace, and 
 ii. MI rvedly made a Juftice of 
 
 Icaceff-. t! is County. He was buried 
 5 Def o 1627, the other for his Son 
 
 Rtbard Ealft-rd. Efq; a Juftice of the 
 Pcac i , und twice High Sheriff of 
 
 ftill retain the Name, and Shepherds e- 
 ret their Tents there. It is not found 
 in Domefday-Book, but is fuppofed to be- 
 included in the five Berews or Hamlets 
 "belonging to Okebam Cbercbefocb, the o- 
 ther four being Langham, Barlcytharp, 
 Egleton and Brooke. 
 
 It was the Manor and Eftate of Wil- 
 liam de Kocvt, in the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward II. He held it of Margaret Coun- 
 tefs of Cornwall, Widow of Piers de Gave- 
 Jton, who at that Time poflefled the Lord- 
 Ihips of Okeham , Egleton and Langbam, 
 with divers other Revenues in this Coun- 
 ty. Of later Years, this Manor was the 
 Eftate of Sir Hugb Ducy, Knight of the 
 Batb t fourth Son of Sir Robert Ducy, 
 Knight and Baronet, who was Lord May- 
 or or London in 1630, which Sir Hugh died 
 poflefled thereof, about the Beginning of 
 the Year 1663, being then High Sheriff 
 of the County. From his Family it hath 
 fince pafled to that of Mr. John Flavell, 
 Citizen and Merchant-Taylor of Lon- 
 don. 
 
 H A M B t, E T o N, or Hamelden ; of this 
 Manor we have this Account in Domef- 
 day-Book. . In Hameldune Chercbefocb, and 
 the feven Berews or Hamlets thereunto 
 belonging. Queen Editba held four 
 Carucates of Land, as they were rated 
 to the Tax or Geld. The Arable Land 
 was fixteen Carucates. The King alfo 
 at the Time of the Survey, had five Ca- 
 rucates in Demefne here, and one Hun- 
 dred and forty Villain;;, and thirteen 
 Bordarii, having forty Carucates. Here 
 were alfo at that Time three Prietts and 
 three Churches, to which did belong one 
 Bovate, and eight Acres of Land. Here 
 was alfo one Alill, valued at one and 
 twenty Shillings and four Pence, and 
 forty Acres of Meadow. A Wood called 
 Siha Minuta fertilis per loca t three Miles 
 in Length, and one Mile in Breadth, all 
 which in the Reign of King Edward the 
 Confeffor, were valued at fifty-two 
 
 Pounds.
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 Pounds. The Dimenfions of the whole 
 Manor, with the feven Berews, was com- 
 puted in that Record to be three Miles 
 and eight Furlongs in Length, and two 
 Miles and eight rur longs in Breadth. 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward IL this 
 Manor belonged to Bartholomew Lord 
 Badlefmere, who having highly merited 
 that King's Favour by his many and 
 great Services, obtained a fpecial Char- 
 ter for divers Markets and Fairs in fnn- 
 dry of his Lordihips ; and among them 
 for a Market on Monday weekly in this 
 Town, and a Fair there yearly, on the 
 Eve, Day and Morrow of Sr. Bartholomew 
 the Apoftle, 24 Aug. as alfo for free 
 Warren in all his demefne Lands here. 
 His Son Giles tie Bedlefmere inherited this 
 Part of his Father's Eftate (notwith- 
 ftanding his Father's Treaibn) and left it 
 to his Coheirs his four Sifters, Maud, 
 Elizabeth, Margaret and Margery, among 
 whom, when his Eftate was divided, this 
 Manor became Part of the Eftate of E- 
 lizabeth, who was married to William de 
 Bohun Earl of Northampton ; but it feems, 
 as if upon the Forfeiture of Bartholomew 
 Lord Badlefmere, this Manor had been 
 given to Robert de Umfravil, Earl of An- 
 gus in Scotland, and continued in his Pof- 
 feffion till Giles de Badlefmere found fuch 
 Favour with the King, as to recover his 
 Father's Arms and Eftate; upon which 
 Gilbert, the Son of Robert de Vmfravil, re- 
 leafed all his Right and Title to this 
 Lordfliip to Giles de Badlefmere, who left 
 it to his Sifters, as is above-mentioned. 
 How long this Manor conrinued in the 
 Pofleffion of the Earl of Northampton, we 
 don't find ; but it feems probable to have 
 been fold focn after the Divifion ; be- 
 caufe Elizabeth died about 3 Years after 
 it, and it is not found among the Lands 
 that fhe left to her furviving Sifters. It 
 is probable it was fold to Robert deHoland, 
 Knt. for his Daughter and Heir Maud, 
 marrying to John Lord Level, carried 
 this Eftarr into his Family ; and he after 
 her Death held it by Curtefy, and left 
 it to his Son and Heir John Lord Lovell, 
 9 Hen. IV. 
 
 About the fame Time it was found by 
 
 5,3 * 
 
 Office, that Ed-ward, Son and Heir of 
 Edmund, lite Duke of Tork, and fiiftEarl 
 of Rutland^ held of the King, among, 
 other Lands, one Cottage, one Hundred- 
 and fifty-three Acres of Land eleven 
 Acres of Meadow, in Hambhton Magna^ 
 in the County ot Rutland; and forty- 
 two Acres of Land, and two Acres of 
 Meadow, in Ryhall in this County, cal- 
 led Pembroke's Lar.ds, as Members apper- 
 taining to the Caftle and Manor of Fode- 
 rixgbay in Northamptonshire, all which he 
 held by the Service of one Knight's Fee;. 
 The Manor ttill continued in the Family 
 of Lovely till being forfeited by the- Jail 
 Lord Lovel to King Henry VII, againtt 
 whom he had fought in Bofworth Field, 
 and was ilain ; it was given by the King;, 
 Reg. 1 9. to Henry Ferrers, with all its Ap- 
 pertinances, to hold of the King by 
 Fealty only. Edward Ferrers, Knt. was> 
 his Son and Heir, who demifed it to Ri- 
 chard Flowr, Efq; with two Hundred/. 
 Acres of Land, twenty Acres of Mea- 
 dow, with the Appertinances in Hamble-* 
 ton aforefaid ; alfo two Mefluages, eighty-' 
 Acres of Land, and twenty Acres of 
 Meadow, in Great Hambleton; all which? 
 he held of the faid Edward Ferrers^ KnE.. 
 as of his Manor of Great Harnbkton, by. 
 Fealty only, and left it to R f ger Flour,. 
 his Son and Heir. 
 
 In the 43d Year of Queen Elizabeth , 
 Henry Ferrers obtained a Licenfe of that 
 Queen, dated i July, to alienate this. 
 Manor of Hamlleton in this County of 
 Rutland, to Sir John Harrington, in wbofe 
 Family it was found to be, 13 Jac. li. 
 for then John Lord Harrington the Elder- 
 died feixed, among other Eftates, of this 
 Manor of Ham-? I dune, or Hamlleton, \virlv 
 the Appertinances in Ediwejlw, Manto^ 
 Normanton, Empingham andEgleion, whicu 
 he hold in Capite, by Knight's Service,, 
 but by what Part of a Knight's Fee, is 
 not known. This Manor was afterward' 
 fold to George Duke of Buckingham, who- 
 left it to his Son and Heir of the fame 
 Name, who fold it (as we <:onjchire) ei- 
 ther to the late or prefent Earl of 2VE?f 
 tin flam, who hath divers- other Lord-- 
 fliips oi that Doke's,
 
 53<S 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, vala- 
 fcd in the King's Books at 10 /. 17 s. i rf. 
 The Advowfon of it was, 15 Hw. III. ad- 
 judged to belong to the Bilhop of Lin- 
 wln, together with the Chapel of Bran- 
 dejlon, and a Penfi on of twenty Shillings 
 from the Church of St. Peter's at Stam- 
 ford. In the 3 4th Hew. III. Robert Grofied, 
 then Bifliop of Lincoln, with the Confent 
 of the Re&or of the Church of Hamel- 
 don, granted to John Talbotbeof Fincham, 
 Son of Jeffrey Talbothe and Martina his 
 Wife, and to their Heirs for ever, a Li- 
 cenfe to have a Chapel in their Houfe at 
 Little Hameldon, but without any Font or 
 Bells, for himlelf and his Family only, 
 to be officiated in by his own Chaplain, 
 at his own proper Colts and Charges, 
 which Deed bears Date at Ludlngton, in 
 the 1 5th Year of the faid Biihop's Con- 
 fccration. 
 
 In the ad Year of King "Edward I. 
 Robert de Bannebar was prelented by the 
 Chapter of Lincoln to this Vicarage of 
 Hameldon, and inltituted to -the fame at 
 Bugden by Richard Gravefend, then Bifliop 
 of Lincoln, 13 Kalend. Aug. in the fix- 
 Ceenth Year of his Confecration. This 
 JLiving was then found to confift not on- 
 ly in the Vicarage-Tkhes of Hameldon 
 and Braunflon, but in certain Profits ari- 
 fing from Normanton, Llr.don, Martlnf- 
 thorp, Wefon and Manton. The Patron 
 we know not, unlefs the Advowfon ftill 
 continues in the Bilhop and Chapter of 
 the See of Lincoln, as is probable. 
 
 L Y N D E N, or Linden, is not found in 
 the Conqueror's Survey, it being, as is 
 fuppofed, included under the Title of 
 Hameldtn- Cher chef och. King Ed-ward II. 
 was Lord of the Manor here, Reg. 9. 
 nd in the i8th Year of the fame Reign, 
 Matthew Bron did account in the Exche- 
 quer for the Sum of fourteen Shillings 
 and four Pence, for the Iffues of one 
 \ard-land in Lindon in this County, then 
 n the King's Hands, on the Death of 
 Siw0 de Lindon. In the Reign of King 
 Edward III. this Manor with all its Ap- 
 pertinances was granted by that King, 
 Rfg. a;, to Robert de Corby and Joan his 
 V\ ifc, and the Heirs of the laid Robert for 
 
 ever, together with the Advowfon of thfc 
 Church, which had both of them lately- 
 fallen to the Crown, by the Death of 
 Hugh de Montgomery, who had them for 
 Life. This was granted to them not only 
 in Confideration of the Service the faid 
 Robert had performed to the King s Mo- 
 ther Ifabel the Queen ; but in Exchange 
 for certain Lands, which the faid Robert 
 held in Eltba and Mandenlll. But this 
 Manor remained not long in the Family 
 ofCorby ; for in the Reign of King Henry 
 IV. Anno 10, it was found, that John 
 "Daneyiy Son and Heir of John Daneys, 
 held of this King in Caplte this Manor of 
 Lindon in the County of Rutland, by the 
 Service of one Knight's Fee. His Pofte- 
 rity inherited it after him ; for it ap- 
 pears that Robert Daneys, Son and Heir of 
 Sir John Daneys, Knt. held the faid Ma- 
 nor by the Service of a third Part of a. 
 Knight's Fee. 
 
 How long this Manor continued in this 
 Family of Daneys after this, we have no 
 Information, but obferve it to be in the 
 Family of Peyton, in the Reign of King 
 Edward VI. for that King, Reg. 6. grant- 
 ed aLicenfe to Francis Payton to alienate 
 the Manor and Advowfon of Lindon, 
 with the Appertinances in this County, 
 to John Hunt and his Heirs, whofe Son 
 Remlgius Hunt, 39 Eliz. mortgaged to 
 Tobias Loveday of Stamford, in the Coun- 
 tyof Lincoln, for no/, certain Farms of 
 30 /. a Year Value, for 21 Years; but 
 how that Matter ended, we know not. 
 In later Times, Sir Abel Barker, and 
 Thomas Barker his Brother, purchafed 
 this Manor and Advowfon, and left it to 
 Sir Thomas Barker, Bar. Son of Sir Abel t 
 and Nephew of Thomas^ who hath his Seat 
 here. 
 
 The Church is a Re&ory, valued in 
 the King's Books at 61. i;j. id. and 
 the Pntronage was in the 19 Hen. III. in 
 Alanus de Lindon, who prefented John de 
 Tyes to this Church, which was at that 
 Time vacant, by the Refignation of 
 Stephen de Sandwich ; but it is at prefent 
 in Sir Tbomai Barker^ Bar. his Heirs or 
 Affigns. 
 
 MA N-
 
 MANTON, a Town, of which there 
 is no Mention in Domefday-Book, it be- 
 ing (as is fuppofed) one of the feven Be- 
 rews or Hamlets there faid to belong to 
 Hameldune Cbercfofoch. In the 9th Year 
 of King Edward II. the Earl of Warwick, 
 Guy de Beattchatnp, and the Abbot of 
 Clugny* or Clttny, in the Dutchy of Nor- 
 mandy, were Lords of Manton. That 
 Abbey was of the Ciftertian Order, and 
 teing reputed among thofe Monafteries, 
 which were called commonly Priories 
 aliens, becaufe, tho' they had a Cell in 
 this Nation, yet their Superiors lived 
 beyond the Seas, and ufed to fend over 
 their Countrymen, French, and Normans, 
 by Means whereof daily Alms were de- 
 cayed, the Treafure of the Realm tranf- 
 portedto their fu peri or Houfes, and the 
 Secrets of the Realm difcovered. For 
 thefe Reafons our Kings, as often as they 
 had Wars with France^ by the Common 
 Law, might and did feize the Pofleflions 
 of thefe Priors Aliens into their own 
 Hands, and keep them during the War. 
 Thus we find, that in the i8th Year of 
 King Edward II. Matthew Bron accounted 
 in the Exchequer for the Ifliies of cer- 
 tain Lands in Manton, Parcel^ of the 
 Temporahies of the Abbot of Clttgny^ 
 then in the King's Hands ; and in the 
 a-d of Richardll. that King did grant to 
 Sir Gilbert Talbot, Knt. among other 
 Things, the Manors of Manton and Tyke- 
 fore in this County, to hold during the 
 War with France, with a Licenfe to ob- 
 tain a Grant of the fame from the Abbot 
 and Convent of Clugny, for the Term of 
 his Life, and one Year longer, but he 
 died the fame Year, 6 Feb. But thefe 
 Priories Aliens were thought afterwards 
 intolerable Grievances, and being com- 
 plained of in Parliament, were totally 
 fupprefled, ^ Hen. V. and all their Pof- 
 feiTions given ro the King and his Heirs 
 forever, to the Number of one Hundred 
 and ten Religious Houfes, as Mr. Speed 
 tells us ; but his Son and Succeffor King 
 Henry VI. being of a more devout Difpo- 
 fition, gave moft of their Lands and 
 Revenues to other Monafteries 
 Houfes of Learning, but chiefly to the 
 
 2) SHIRE. nr 
 
 two Colleges of his Ereftion, Kings Col- 
 lege in Cambridge, and Eaton. 
 
 The Manor in the mean Time became 
 Part of the Pofleflions of the Collegiate 
 Church of Tatejbale in Lincolnshire, dedi- 
 cated to the Holy Trinity, as it conti- 
 nued to the Suppreflion of the Monafte- 
 ries, when it was valued at 7 /. z s. 7 d. 
 and being in the King's Hands, was 
 granted by Letters Patents, bearing Date 
 at Wejtminjler 13 March, 36 Hen. VIII. a- 
 mong other Lands belonging to the laid 
 College of Tatefiale, to Charles Brandori 
 Duke of Suffvlk, his Heirs aud Atligns, 
 to be held of the King in Capita, by the 
 twentieth Part of a Knight's Fee. He 
 and his Sons, Henry and Charles, died 
 foon after, a*nd his .Ettate defcended to 
 his Heirs General, of which two mar- 
 ried to Sidney and Level. Thomas Lovet t 
 upon a Partition, obtained this Manor 
 and fome others, with their Appertinan- 
 ces, Parcel of the Pofleflions of the Col- 
 legiate Church of Tatejbale, yet holding 
 them of Queen Mary I. in Capite by 
 Knight's Service ; but it feems that noc 
 long after, the whole Intereft in thofe 
 Eftates (by Compofition, Purchafe, or 
 otherwifc) became united in the Heir of 
 Sidney ; for in the 21 E//S. that Queen 
 granted her Licenfe to Sir Henry Sidney, 
 Knt. Lord Prefident of the Marches of 
 Wales, to alienate this Manor with fome 
 other Eftates in this County, to Michael 
 Lewis and his Heirs, of whom Clement 
 Lewis his Brother fold it to WiU'tam Kirk- 
 him, as he did to Roger Dale, whole 
 Grandfon, Charles Dale, Efq; leaving 
 only Daughters and Coheirs, it was fold, 
 to portion them, to Abraham Wright^, 
 Clerk, his Heirs and Afligns for ever ; 
 but the Chantry or College of Manton 
 was given by King Ed-ward VI. R*?. $. 
 to Gregory Lord Cromwell, and Elizabeth 
 his Wife. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory valu- 
 ed in the King's Book at S/. 19 s 7.-'. 
 The Patronage was in the loth Year of 
 King Edward I. in Edmund Earl of CV/:- 
 w all ; but if Mr. Wright, or his Heirs, 
 who have the Manor, be not the prelent 
 Patron, we can't conjecture who is. In 
 Y y y
 
 538 
 
 RUf L ANT) S HIRE. 
 
 the North Wall of this Church is a Mo- 
 nument on a Brafs-plate for William Vtl- 
 Jars, Batchelor of Law, and Mafter of 
 the Chantry here, (of which we fhall 
 treat in our Ecclejiajlical Hiftory} Thomas 
 Vtllers his Brother, a Citizen and Cloath- 
 \vorker of London, and Robert Newton his 
 Apprentice, and Mafter of the faid Chan- 
 try; and a Grave-ftone with a Brafs-plate 
 on it, for William Wade, the Founder of 
 the Chantry. 
 
 MARTiNSTHORp,a Town, thought 
 to give Name to the Hundred in which 
 it is. There is no Mention of it in 
 Domefday-Book, tho' it may be reafon- 
 ably fuppofed to have been a confide- 
 rable Town, when the Hundred was 
 named from it ; but it is thought to have 
 been one of the feven Berews or Ham- 
 Jets included in Hameldon Cberchefoch. 
 The Manor did anciently belong to the 
 noble Family ofSt, Liz, otherwife cal- 
 led de Seyton, a Branch of the Family of 
 Sr. Liz, who were fomctimcs Earls of 
 Northampton and Huntington, till about the 
 Reign of King Henry VI. when Sir Wil- 
 liam Fielding, Knt. marrying Agnes, the 
 Daughter and Heir of John de St. Liz, 
 alias Seton, obtained this Manor of Mar- 
 tinffkcrp by that Match, and ennobled his 
 Family thereby with the Blood of thofe 
 great Families of Vaux, Longvile, and 
 'Belles, which they ftill enjoy. From this 
 William defcendcd Everard, Bajil, and 
 William, who were only Knights ; but 
 this laft William grew To much in Favour 
 with King James I. that he created him, 
 Re%. 1 8. Lord Fielding of Newham Padax, 
 and Vifcount Fielding, and two Years af- 
 ter, Earl of Denbigh. This noble Lo^d 
 adhering to his Majefty King Charles I. 
 performed the Part of a itout Soldier 
 as well as a faithful Subject, in feveial 
 Battles, but received his Death's Wound 
 in a fharp Skirmifli, near Bermingham in 
 WarivicZJbire, of which he died, 3 April 
 1645. He left rwoSons, Bajil, who fuc- 
 ccedcd him in his Honours ; and George, 
 who was created Earl 'of Defrmnd in Ire" 
 l.irti. Bajil died without Ifluc, and Wil- 
 liam the Son of G-vrge, fucceeded him in 
 the Earldom of Denbigh, and nfrcr his 
 Father's Death became Earl of Defmotid. 
 
 His Grandfon William, the Son of Bafil 
 his Son, is now the Earl of Denbigh and 
 Defmond, and Lord of this Manor of Mar- 
 tinjthorp, where he hath a magnificent 
 Seat. 
 
 The Church here was formerly a 
 Reftory Prefentative, and in the Reign 
 of King Edward I. (Benedict de Gravefend 
 being then Bifhop of Lincoln} the Lady 
 Alice de Monteforts prefented to it, which 
 Alice was Daughter of Henry Aldithley, or 
 Audley, and Widow of Peter de Montfort, 
 who died in the 5oth Year of King Henry 
 III. but now the Reftory is turned into 
 a Sine-Cure, and valued in the King's 
 Books at 6 /. o /. 4 d. and the Earl of 
 Denbigh is Patron. 
 
 NORMONTOK is not mentioned in 
 Domefday-Book, it being (as is fuppofed) 
 one of thofe feven Berews or Hamlets, 
 which, when that Survey was made, be- 
 longed to Hameldune Churchefoch. Soon 
 after the /Conqucft, the Norntanvilles were 
 Lords of this Town, a Family of great 
 Account in thofe elder Times, who had 
 their Seat at Kenorton in Kent, till Iffue 
 Male failing, both their Eftate there 
 and here went by Marriage to the Ba- 
 Ji)7gs',Jor in the Reign of King Edward 
 
 II. William de Bajlng was the Lord of 
 Normonton. Some are of Opinion, that 
 this William de Bxfing was related to A- 
 dam de Bafing, who was Lord Mayor of 
 London in the $<Jch Year of King Henry 
 
 III. Anno 1251, whofe Habitation then 
 was where Blackzvell-HaJI now ftands in 
 London, and from whom the Street and 
 Ward thereunto adjoining, took the 
 Denomination of Bajlnghall Street andlte- 
 Jtnghall Ward ; but their Arms being dif- 
 ferent, there is little Grounds for fuch a 
 Conjecture: However that be, 'tis rea- 
 fonablc to believe, that this William de 
 Bafing is the fame Perfon with that Wil- 
 li.im de Bajins;, who was one of the She- 
 rifts of London in the zd Year of King 
 Edward II. and a great Benefaftor to the 
 Priory of Black Nuns, called St. Hellenes 
 within B'ljbopfoate, London, which Priory 
 was at fifft founded by William Bajing, 
 Dean of St. Paul's, about the Year 1212, 
 in the Reign of King John. 
 
 Wil-
 
 R 
 
 N<DSHIRE. 
 
 William de Bajing before-mentioned, 
 came to be Lord of this Manor and E- 
 ftate, by his Marriage with Margaret, 
 Daughter and Heir of Thomas de Nor- 
 manville, Lord of this Town, by whom 
 he . had Iflue Thomas de Bajtng, whofe 
 Grandfon Sir John de Bajing, Knt. depart- 
 ed this Life, in the *4th Year of King 
 Henry VI. without Tfluc. After his Death, 
 this Manor and Eftate came by De- 
 fcent into the Name and Family of the 
 JMackworths, Thomas Mackworth of Mack- 
 worth, in the County of Derby, having 
 married the Sifter and Heir of the faid 
 Sir jfobn de Bajing, named Alice. John 
 JMackworth, Dean of Lincoln, in the Reign 
 of King Henry VI. was Brother to the 
 afore faid Thomas Adackwortb. To him 
 did formerly belong the Mefluage in 
 Holborn, called Bernard's Inn, being then 
 called Maekwortb's Inn. From the a- 
 bove-mentioned Thomas descended George 
 Adacktiforth, Efq; who, in the Space of 
 forty Years, was five Times High She- 
 riff of this County, and died the 2,8th 
 Year of King Henry VIII. His great 
 Grandfon, Thomas Mackworth of Norman- 
 ton, Efq; was by Patent dated 4 June, 
 17 J-ac. I. Anno 1619, advanced to the 
 Degree of a Baronet of this Kingdom, 
 being then No. io<5 in the Lift. From 
 him is defcended Sir Thomas Adackworth, 
 Bar. the prefent Lord of this Manor and 
 Empingbam, the fourteenth in Degree 
 from Thomas de Normanville, who depart- 
 ed this Life in the $d Year of King 
 Henry III. 
 
 This Church is a Retory, valued in 
 the King's Books at 5 /. 4*. 7 d. The 
 Advowfon in the lith Year of King 
 Henry III. was in Robert de Albanian, who 
 then prefented to it, and again in the 
 1 7th of the fame King ; but in the aift 
 Year of King Henry III. the Lord Gil- 
 bert de llmfrevile prefented to the faid 
 Church, as of his own Right. In the 
 25th Year of King Edward I. the Lady 
 Ettjtacloia, Relift of Sir Gerrard de Fane- 
 (ourt, prefented Jolon de Sclirebourne to 
 this Church, but not in her own Right, 
 but as flie was Guardian of Edmund, Son 
 and Heir of Sir Tlomas Normanvflk, who 
 
 was Lord of this Manor of Norttiantan* 
 The prefent Patron is Sir Thomas Mack- 
 worth, Bar. 
 
 PRESTON, a Village about a Mild 
 diftantfrom Uppingham, and tho it be A 
 diftin& Parifh from it, yet is included 
 in the fame Manor, and has all along 
 belonged to the fame Lords. It is not 
 mentioned in Domefclay-Book, no more 
 than "Uppingbam, and therefore is fuppo- 
 fed to be alfo one of the feven Berews 
 or Hamlets, which in thole Days be- 
 longed to Redlington Ckerchefocb. Thin 
 Manor with Uppingham was, in the Reign, 
 of King Edward IV. Part of the vaft ii- 
 ftate of the great Earl of Warwick, Ri~ 
 chard Nevill, who upon a Difguft taken a- 
 gainft that King, fell in with his Ene- 
 mies the Lancaftrians, and fet up King 
 Henry ^ VI. but being flain in Barnet-field 
 by King Edward, his Eftate was feized, 
 and fettled upon his two Daughters, Ifa- 
 oel and Anne, whom that King married 
 to his two younger Brethren, George 
 Duke of Clarence, and Richard Duke of 
 GIocefter(v/ho was afterward King Richard 
 III.) His Widow, and Countefs Anne % 
 the Daughter of Richard Beaucbamp Earl 
 of Warwick, who brought the grcateft 
 Part of his Eftate into his Family, wa* 
 altogether difregarded in that Settlement, 
 and had no Part of her Eftate allotted 
 her for her Subfiftence, infomuch that 
 flie lived in great Wants and Straits, 
 till King Henry VII. came to the Throne. 
 'Tis probable flic fhewed a more than 
 ordinary Approbation of her Lord's Ac- 
 tions againft King Edward, or othenvife 
 fhe need not have taken. Sanftnary in 
 the Abbey ofBeaulieu in Hampshire, upon 
 her Husband's Death, and abfconded in 
 the North all the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward, and his Brother Richard, and on 
 that Account had no Allowance out of 
 her Eftate to fupport her Pcrfon and 
 Honour. But however that be, with 
 King Henry VII. the Lancajlrian Intcreft 
 revived ; and that Prince knowing what 
 a large Eftate the Countefs was entitled 
 to by her Birth-right, and confidering 
 that her Daughters were both dead with- 
 out Iflue, caufed the Ad of Parliament, 
 Y y y a by
 
 54 
 
 L A NT> S H I R E. 
 
 by which her Estate was taken from her, 
 to be repealed, and another to be made, 
 to reftore her to her Pofleflions, in Con- 
 fi deration of her true Allegiance to the 
 Latjcajlt-ians, and enable her to alienate 
 it, or any Part of it ; whereupon fhe was 
 jto fooner in Pofleflion of it, but fhe con- 
 veyed it to the King and his Iflue Male ; 
 and for want of fuch, to her felf and 
 Heirs for ever, as is related in Uppingham. 
 Upon this Settlement King Henry ap- 
 pointed Simon Digfy, Son of Sir E-verard 
 Digby, who had fignalized himfelf with 
 his five Brothers in Bofworth Field for 
 him, Steward over this Manor, Upping- 
 $am, &c. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, valued 
 in the King's Books at p/. \i s. 6d. In 
 the Reign of King Henry III. Anno 23. 
 Sir Peter de Montfort, Knt. prefented to 
 it as Patron ; and in the Reign of King 
 Edward I. Anno 4. the Lady Alice, Relit 
 of the faid Sir Peter Montfort, prefented, 
 , again, as in her Right. The prefeat. 
 Patron is "Edward Fawkner, Efq; 
 
 RIDLINGTCN is tlius delcribed in 
 Domefday-Book ; in RidlinOlune Cherche- 
 foch, with the feven Berews or Ham- 
 le.s thereunto belonging, Queen Editha, 
 at the Conqueft, held four Carucates of 
 Land, as it was rated to the Tax or 
 'Geld. The Land was fixtecn Carucates. 
 At the fame Time the King himfelf held 
 four Carucates in Demefne, and an Hun- 
 dred and fcven Villains, and twenty-fix 
 Bordarii, having thirry Carucates, and 
 two Sockmcn having two Carucates., 
 Kcre were then two Priefts and three 
 Churches, tuid two Seats or Places for 
 Mills, and forty Acres of Meadow, a 
 Wood (per loca paftilis} three Miles in 
 Length, and eight Furlongs in Breadth. 
 All which, in the Time of K. 'Edward 
 the ConfefTor, were valupd at forty 
 Pounds. The whole Manor, with the 
 i;uVt Berews was then accounted three 
 Miles and fevcn Furlongs long, and two 
 Miles and two Furlongs broad. As to the 
 Munor T we have no Account in whom it 
 was, till 
 
 The Reign of King Edward II. Annoy. 
 
 -u Revert de HoyUr-d and Join de Wynill 
 
 are faid to be Lords of Rldlington. How 
 long they or either of them held it, and 
 when they parted with it, and to whom r 
 we find not ; but in the Reign of King 
 Philip, anl Queen Mary I. we obferve, 
 that Chriftopher Smith obtained a Licenfe, 
 dated I 7 May, Reg. i & 2. of their Ma- 
 jefties, to alienate his Manor of Rldling- 
 ton in Rutland, with the A pper finances, 
 late Parcel of the Pofleflions of Henry 
 FitzrRoy, the natural Son of King Henry 
 VIII. Duke of Richmond, to Sir John Har- 
 rington, Knt. who was found by an Inqut- 
 fition taken at Okeham, 1 3 jFac. I. to 
 have died feized of the faid Manor of 
 Rtdlington, which he held of the King in 
 Socagc by Fealty, and the Rent of iz 
 Shillings, and one Pound of Pepper 
 yearly. In his Family it continued till 
 it was conveyed by the Heirs General of 
 the Jaft John Lord Harringtea, to Sir 
 Edward Noel, then feated at Brook in this 
 County, He was created a Baronet at 
 the firft Erection, No. 34. and was af- 
 terward a Perfon of fo great Merit and 
 Efteem, that he was by King fames I. 
 Reg. 14. advanced to the Honour and 
 Title of Baron of this Kingdom, by the 
 Title of Lord. Noel ofRfdlington, at Bur- 
 ley Houfe. He married Julian, the eldeft 
 Daughter of Sir Baptijl Hicks, Knt. and 
 Bar. who being afterward created. Lord 
 Hi.cks of llmlngton, and Vifcounf Camlden^ 
 and dying without Heirs Male, he in- 
 herited his Titles, and fo became Lord 
 Noel oi.Rjdlington and Ilmington, and ' Vif- 
 count Cambden. He approved , himfelf 
 moft loyal to his Majefty King Charles II 
 in the Time of the grand Rebellion, and 
 raifed a good Body of Horfe and Foot 
 for him, but died at Oxford, then the 
 Ring's Garrifon, in 1643, before he could 
 give greater Proof of his Courage and 
 Fidelity; bin left his Son and Heir Bap- 
 cifl to complcat what he had begun ; and 
 he going in his Father's Steps, raifed 
 and maintained, at his own Cofts, a 
 Troop of Horfe, and a Company of Foot, 
 for the King's Service, at his then Gar- 
 rifon of Beho/r. He died 29 Otfob. 1682, 
 leaving Edward his Son and Heir, who 
 at that Time was Warden of New-Firefly 
 
 and
 
 RUT L 4 NT) S II I R 
 
 and Governor of Portfmouth ; and having 
 been fummoned to Parliament in his Fa- 
 ther's Life-time, by the Title of Lord 
 Noel of Tichjield, was, foqn after his Fa- 
 ther s Death, created Earl of Gtffftffo- 
 nuttfe in Lineobijbire t as his Poftcrity con- 
 tinue, and are yet in Pofleffion, of this 
 Lord ill ip of Ridlngtcn; but within this 
 Manor it was found, 23 Hen. VIII. that 
 one John Calcot held two Mefluages and 
 three Cottages, with their Appertinan- 
 ces, of the King, as of his Manor of Pre- 
 fion, but by what Services was not 
 known. 
 
 The Church here is a Rcttory, valu- 
 ed in the King's Books at lot. us. od. 
 and in the Patronage, in the 5th of King 
 Henry III. of William de Cantilupo, who 
 Then prefented to it ;. but in the forty- 
 fecond Year of the fame Reign, the La- 
 dy Alice de Montfort prefented, as in her 
 Right. The prefent Patron is the Right 
 Honourable the Earl of Gainsborough. In 
 the Church-, here is a neat Monument e- 
 re&ed on the North Wall of the Chan- 
 for Sir James Harrington. Knt. and 
 
 E. 
 
 541 
 
 ce 
 
 of Wenge. But Thurflan his Brother i* 
 faid to have difpoflefled the Monks of 
 Thorney of the faid Gift of his Brother 
 Robert ; and refufed not only to make 
 Restitution of the faid Moiety upon De- 
 mand, but to difcbarge a Debt in Money, 
 which his faid Brother did owe to the 
 Abbot, and a Legacy by him given to 
 the Abbey, until King Stephen, by his 
 fpecial Precept, threatened to oblige the 
 Earl of Warwick and Bifhop of Lincoln to 
 compel him ; whereupon he fubmitted, 
 and by his fpecial Charter, fo'r the Health 
 of his Soul, as alfo of the Souls of his 
 Wife, Sons, Brother, and all his An- 
 ceftors, granted one half of the fame 
 Town of Wenge y with a Moiety of the 
 Church and Mill, excepting the Fees of 
 Thurjlany his Efq; and Ralph Fitz-Nigelj 
 for which Grant the Monks gave him a 
 Mark of Gold (Sir William Dugdale fays, 
 a Mane of Gold. Bar. p. 407.) 
 
 The Monks of Thorney had alfo in this 
 Manor three Bovates of Land, of the 
 Gift of Ralph Fitz- Nigel, and one Yard- 
 land, of the Gift of Hugh 
 
 Bar. youngeft Son of Sir James Harring- JJjn Stutev'de alfo gave and confirmed to 
 ton of Exton, Knt. and Frances his Wife, God and the Church nf.Tharney, (in like 
 
 by whom he had nine Sons and feven 
 Daughters. She died Sept. 1590, and he 
 I Feb. 1613. 
 
 W i N G Ey. or Wenge, is not mentioned 
 in Domefday-Book, it being (as is iuppo- 
 fed) at the Time of that Survey, inclu- 
 ded as a Member of fome other neigh- 
 bouring Town,, but of which it doth not 
 The Manor was in the Norman 
 
 Manner as John de Alont-ort had given) 
 the other Moiety of the Town of Wenge t 
 with all the Appertinances Liwfi.lly be- 
 longing to the fame, with the whole 
 Church there, to be held in free Aim;, 
 for the Healtlrof his own, Wife's, Bre- 
 thren, Anceijtprs and Succeflbrs Souls, 
 and of all the Faithful Servants of God 
 departed, and for the Fraternity of the 
 This Grant and Confirmation 
 
 appear, i ne ivuuiui i 
 
 Times the Eftate of the Mont forts, whofe Place. This Grant and 
 
 Anceitor Hugh de Mont forty, came in with was made to the faid Abbey, when G:jli- 
 
 thp Conaueror, and was of great Emi- for* was Abbot, Anno 1151, 16 Stepa. all 
 
 . i -n . irl_ -C /^'M ^- i!_i_/~:r ___! i . i .- 
 
 here or elfe- 
 
 nency in the Adminiflration of Civil as 
 well as Military Affairs ; for he was an 
 Afliftant of William Fitz-Osborn, and Qdo 
 Bimop of Bayeux, in diftributing publick 
 luftice throughout the whole Kingdom, 
 but at length loft his Life in a Duel 
 with WalMme de Ferrers. His Pofterity 
 continued in the Poflefiion of this Ma- 
 nor for fcveral" Dcfcents ; but at length 
 Robert defltontfort,. in the Reign of King 
 Hfnry H- gave to the Monks of Thorney 
 in Cambridgeshire, * Moiety of this Church 
 
 which Gifts and Lands 
 \\herc, at that Time belonging to the 
 faid Abbey of TLorney, and which here- 
 after by lawful Means might be acqui- 
 red, were confirmed to the faid Abbot 
 and Convent of Thorney, and to the faid 
 Church, by the Bull of Pope Alexander 
 III. Anno 1162,. 
 
 .. In the ninth Year of King Edward II. 
 there were three Lords of Wenge, -viz. 
 the Abbot of Tharney, the Prior of St. 
 'Sj and Peter dt Montforf, but it feems
 
 541 Ji U T L A N 
 
 as if the Abbot of Thorney was fole Lord 
 of this Manor before the Suppreflion, be- 
 caufe, when that Monaftery was diflbl- 
 ved, 3 Ed<w. VI. this Manor of W/nge, 
 with the Appertinances, was in Leaie to 
 Henry Lacy, and his Son Robert Lay, by 
 Indenture under the Seal of the Con- 
 vent, dated 30 Sept. 28 Hen. VIII. for 
 the Term of four-fcore and twelve Years, 
 at the Rent of ten Pounds per Ann. to be 
 paid yearly, at the Feafts of the Purifi- 
 cation of the Virgin Alary and St. Martin, 
 1 1 Nov. but the faid Farmers were to 
 keep the Courts yearly, and to receive 
 for their Fee twenty Shillings, out of the 
 Rents of the faid Manor, which at that 
 Time were 4/. 5*. ^ d. payable at the 
 Feafts of St. Michael and the Annuncia- 
 tioft of our Lady. Who is now the Lord 
 of the Manor, we know not,- but con- 
 jeture it to be the Crown, becaufe we 
 do not find that it was given away to any 
 Perfon after the Diflblution, as many 
 others were. 
 
 The Church here is a ReGary, valu- 
 ed in the King's Books at 7 /. 5 /. 5 d. 
 The Advowfon in the Reign of King 
 Jokn^ Anno II. was in Controverfy ; but 
 at length a Fine was paft at Wejtmlnfter 
 between William Prior of St. Neat's, Plain- 
 tiff, and Robert, Abbot of Thcrney, and 
 Thurjlan de Montfort, Deforcients; where- 
 by the Right to the Advowfon of this 
 Church of Wenge was acknowledged to be 
 in the Prior of St. Neat's, to hold of the 
 Lord Thtirjtan and his Heirs: but for this 
 the faid Prior granted to the Abbot of 
 Thorr.ey, and his Succeflbrs, the Moiety 
 of the Mill at Wenge. This was the final 
 Concord of a Suit of Law concerning 
 the Right of Advowfon, begun 4 Years 
 before, vk. Anno 7 Joan, but then ad- 
 journed fine die, becaufe Tbttrflan was 
 then in the King's Service beyond the 
 Seas. The prcfent Patron is the King, 
 which confirms our ConjcSure, that he 
 is alfo Lord of the Manor ; it being 
 ufual for the Patronage of the Churcn 
 in moft Places, to go along with the Ma- 
 nor. Our ViHares mention fame other 
 Towns in this Hundred, as Beaumont, 
 Crejlen and Deepdale, of which we find 
 
 Z> S II 1 R E. 
 
 nothing recorded in our Hiftories; and 
 fo we pafs to 
 
 The Hundred of W R A N c D i K E. 
 
 This Hundred, -which with the two 
 former, Oktham and Martin/ley, makes up 
 all the Southern Part of this County, is 
 bounded on the Eaft and South with 
 Part of Narthamftonjhire ; on the Weft 
 with the Hundred of Martin/ley; and on 
 the North with Eajt Hundred. The Fee 
 of this Hundred is in the Crown, which 
 governs it by the Sheriff and his Officers. 
 There is no Market-Town in it. The 
 Chief of the Villages are 
 
 BARROW DEN, or, as we find it writ- 
 ten in ancient Records ,Berohdon,Berct>edone, 
 Bergsdone, and Berweden. In Domefday- 
 Book we have this Defcription of it : 
 The King (viz- William the Conqueror) 
 holdeth the Manor of Berchedone in Rut- 
 land, and therein four Hides bating one 
 Yard-land ; the Arable Land is ten Ca- 
 mcates. There were at that Time nine 
 Villains, and ten Sockmen, (I. e. Tenants 
 in Socage) with three Bordarii or Cot- 
 tagers, all which poflfefled fix Carucates 
 of Land and an half. There were alfo 
 fix Acres of Meadow, and fix Acres of 
 Thorns ; and to this Manor did appertain 
 at that Time certain Lands in Seaton, 
 Thorpe, Morcote, Bisbrooke, Glaiffon, and 
 Luffenham. Sir William Dttgdale, Bar. 
 far. i. fag. in. tells us, that, accord- 
 ing to Leland's [tin. and Domefday-Book, 
 when the Conqueror rewarded his Fol- 
 lowers, who had aflifted him in getting 
 the Throne of England, (which might be 
 after the Svrvey taken) he gave to Ro- 
 bert de Todenei, among divers other Lands 
 and Manors in other Counties, this Ma- 
 nar of Bercbedone in Rtttland. 
 
 Henry Duke of Normandy, commonly 
 called Pitz-EmpreJfe, (who was afterward 
 King of England, by the Name of King 
 Henry II.) gave to William, the Son of 
 William Mauduit, who had been Cham- 
 berlain to his Grandfather King Henry I. 
 among other Lands and Honours this 
 Town of Bergedone, or Berwedm, in the 
 County of Rutland, with the whole Soke 
 
 or
 
 or Hundred thereunto belonging; and 
 after he came to be King, confirmed his 
 Gift to him. After this, in the 26th 
 Year of King Henry II. the faid William 
 Mtuduit was made Sheriff of Rutland, 
 and continued in that Office to the thir- 
 ty-third Year of that King. After him 
 fucceeded Robert, v/hofe Son and Heir 
 William Mauduit, took Part with the 
 rebellious Barons againft King John; 
 but returning to his Obedience, he en- 
 joyed his Eftate quietly duringhis Reign, 
 and died 41 Hen. III. in Poflemon of this 
 Manor of Berwedon and Hundred of 
 Wrangdyke, with certain Lands, of the 
 Value of thirty Pounds per Ann. lying 
 in Cotefmore and Gretham, all in this 
 County of Rutland. His Son and Heir 
 William Mauduit, became Earl of War- 
 wick, in the 47th Year of King Henry 
 III. and died without Iflue, in the jzcl 
 Year of the fame King. 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward II. Ed- 
 mund Cohile, who married Margaret, the 
 Daughter of Robert de Afford, died feized 
 of this Manor of Berghdon, Anno 9. but 
 his Heir Robert de Cohile, or fome others 
 in Truft for him, did alienate this Ma- 
 nor to Thomas, the Son and Heir of the 
 Earl of Warwick, at that Time the King's 
 Ward, for he was the fame Year certi- 
 fied to be Lord of this Manor. This 
 Thomas de Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, 
 Son and Heir of Guy de Beauchamp Earl 
 of Warwick', and Ifabel, Sifter and Heir 
 of the above-mentioned William Mauduit 
 Earl of Warwick, being of full Age, in 
 the I4rh Year of King Edward III. paid 
 that King a Relief of an Hundred 
 Marks for this Manor of Berghdon, with 
 the Hamlets of .South Luffenham, Morcote 
 and Manton, in this County, held of the 
 King in Capite, by the Service of being 
 the King's Chamberlain of his Exche- 
 quer, 6? per Baroniam. He alfo at the 
 fame Time paid the fame King a Relief 
 of an Hundred Shillings for certain Lands 
 in Gretbam and Cotefmere in this County, 
 held of the King by the Service of one 
 Knight's Fee. 
 
 This Manor was afterwards forfeited 
 by Thomas de Beauchamp, the Son and 
 5 
 
 E. 543 
 
 Heir of the foremention'd Thomas Earl 
 of Warwick, and being feizcd by King 
 Richard II. was granted ro Thomas Mow- 
 bray Earl of Nottingham and Duke of 
 Norfolk; but he was only banifhed and 
 confined to the IJle of Man for Life ; but 
 King Henry IV. coming to the Crown, 
 the faid Earl of Warwick was reftored to 
 his Liberty and Eftate. How long it 
 continued in his Pofterity, we can't find, 
 nor any Mention of it till the Reign of 
 King Henry VII. when this Manor being 
 in the Crown again, was committed, 
 with other large Eftates of the Earl of 
 Warwick, to the Care of Simon Digfy, as 
 the King's Steward, to gather the Rents 
 for Anne Countefs of Warwick, during 
 her Life. After her Deceafc, the whole 
 Eftate, according to the Entail made by 
 the Countefs, came to the Crown, and 
 continued there till King Edivard VI. in 
 the Beginning of his Reign, granted this 
 Lordfhip, then valued at 3 1 /. 8 s. 5 d. ob. 
 together with fevcral other Lordihips, 
 then called Warwick Lands, to his Silter 
 the Lady Elizabeth, afterwards Queen of 
 England, to hold from Michaelmas, in the 
 38th of King Hwy VIII. during the 
 King's Pleafure ; but this Demile had 
 but a mort Continuance, for within five 
 Years after the laid King Edward VI. 
 Reg. 5. granted all that the Manor and 
 Hundred of Barowden, now called Wrangc- 
 dyke, in the County of Rutland, to Wll~ 
 Ham Cecil (afterwards Lord Burleigh} and 
 his Heirs, to hold of the King in Capite, 
 by Knight's Service. From this William 
 Lord Bttrleigh is lineally descended the 
 Right Honourable "film now Earl nf Ex- 
 eter, the prefent Lord of this Munov. 
 Here was anciently a Market kept week- 
 ly on Saturday , and a Fair yearly, for 
 four Days, viz- on the Vigil Feaft of Sr. 
 John Baptift, and two Days after, granted 
 to Thomas de Beauchamp and his Heirs, 
 by King Edward 1 1 Id's Charter, bearing 
 Date at Wejlr,iin(ter, 12 March, Reg. 23. 
 N:Ji mercatum Hind, & feria ilia fint ad ne- 
 cumenium vicinorxm Mercatorum & Vicina 
 rum feriarum ; whether this Claufe mighr 
 be any Rcaibn of the Difcontinuance of 
 this Market and Fair, we know not ; 
 
 but
 
 544 
 
 U 2* L A 
 
 but that they have not been ufed of a 
 long Time is plain. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory valued 
 in the King's Books at 147. 1 3 s. i d. The 
 Patron, in the 3oth Year of King Henry 
 III. (which was when Robert Grojled was 
 Bifhop of Lincoln} \vas Sir William Man- 
 duit, Knt. who prefenred that Year to it. 
 In the following Reign v viz.. the 4th 
 Year of King Edward I. (when J-obn Dal- 
 lerby was Bifhop of Lincoln') Guy Beattchantp 
 Earl of Warwick, prefented to it. Who 
 the prefent Patron is, we are not certain ; 
 but the Earl of Exeter being Lord of the 
 Manor, may probably enough be the 
 Patron of the Church, as is uiiial. 
 
 In our Lady- Chapel in this Church 
 \vas formerly a Chantry, founded and 
 endowed with Lands, partly by King 
 Ed-ward II. Reg- 7. and partly by Richard 
 Smith and Thomas Nichols. The Particu- 
 lars of which Foundation were certified 
 by certain Commiflioners fent on Purpofe 
 to value them, ^ Edw. VI. as followeth : 
 The Chantry in our Lady-Chapel at 
 Barowden was founded for rhe Mainte- 
 nance of onePrieft to fay Mais there for- 
 ever. The Lands and Tenements belong- 
 ing to ir, and lying in-Barowdeiiy are of 
 the Value of fifty-fix Shillings and eight 
 Pence per Ann. of which in Rents re- 
 folute there arc fcven Shillings ; and fo 
 there remains clear for the Portion of the 
 Chantry-Prieft, who is named Raffe Hi- 
 man, and is of the Age of 43 Years, be- 
 ing of good Report, and who ferveth the 
 Cure, forty-nine Shillings and eight 
 Pence, out of which is to be paid year- 
 ly to the King eight Shillings for 
 Tenths. Mr. Robert Ward was Re&or of 
 this Church in the Times of the grand 
 Rebellion, and for his Loyalty and Con- 
 Icicnce turned out of this Living in 
 4646, being forced to fly in the Midftof 
 Divine Service, for Fear of fome Sol- 
 diers that purfued him. He was much 
 rounrcnanccd ai d fupported in the 
 Time of hislijcflion by that loyalKnight, 
 Sir EnfebiHs Pelfwt. He had fifteen 
 Pounds allowed him out of his Living, 
 ( which ought to have been 2,4) and li- 
 \cd to repoiTcfs his Re&ory in 1660. 
 
 D SHIRE. 
 
 BISBROOK, or Pislrooke, is thus de- 
 fcribed by Domefday-Book: In Bisbrooke 
 and Glaifton, the King hoi deth (as Parcel 
 of his Manor 'of Cevcloedone) one Hide of 
 Land and an half, four Curucates of A- 
 rable, and eight Acres of Meadow. At the 
 fame Time one Robertas held of Judlib 
 the Countefs in this Town, (then written 
 Bitlesbroch} two Hides, and one Yard- 
 land, three Carucates and an half of 
 Arable, one Carucate in Demefne, two 
 Servants, and twelve Villains, \virh four 
 'Bordarii poflefling two Carucates and an 
 half. Here were twenty Acres of Mea- 
 dow, and a Wood one Furlong and an 
 half long, and as much in Breadth, for- 
 merly valued at twenty S hill-ings, but 
 then at 30 Shillings. Edwardus tanult 
 cum Sac A & f)0:. Who were the Lords 
 of this Manor after this for many Reigns, 
 we can't difcovcr. But it appears, that 
 in the Reign of King Edw. II. Nevile of 
 Wymondwold) and Thomas de Midleton y 
 were Lords of Bishrook or Bitlesbruoke', and 
 that in the nrvt Reign, *>.- 36 Edw. III. 
 William dz Burton Lord of Tokthwp in this 
 County, granted to Richard de Bajoris, 
 Knt. and Robert de Bajocis his Son, and to 
 their Heirs, all his Lands and Tene- 
 ments in Bltdeibrke in the faid County, 
 late belonging to John Middleton* ai:d by 
 him purchafed of' John Wempton. It 
 fcems that this Manor was afcer this gi- 
 ven to the College of Fetheringay in Nor- 
 thawptonjhire, but by whom, or at what 
 Time, we have no certain Information j 
 for King Edward VI. in the firft Year of 
 his Reign, granted to Sir Richard Lee, 
 Knt. among other Lordfhips and Eftates, 
 this Manor of Bisbrook, with all its Apper- 
 tinances, and all other and finglar the 
 'Mefliiagcs, Lands and Tenements in the 
 faid Town, formerly belonging to the 
 College of Fvderirighay y in the County of 
 Northampton, to hold of the King in 
 Capite, by Knight's Service, referving to 
 himfelf and Succeflbrs the Sum of three 
 Shillings and two Pence, payable to him 
 in the Right of the late Priory of St. 
 John's of Jcrufalem in England, and three 
 Pence Half-penny, payable to the Ma- 
 nor of Morecot in this County. Sir Ri- 
 
 thard
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 54$ 
 
 A was hardly got into Pofleflion of thefe College ; yet it doth not appear that the 
 
 Lands, but he obtained a Licenfe from Parfonage of this Place was annexed to 
 
 the faid King Edward, to alienate this this Foundation; for King Edward VI. by 
 
 Manor to Anthony Andrews, Efq; and his his Letters Patents, dated 8 May, Reg.$. 
 
 Heirs, which was done, and Mr. An- granted this Rc&ory to Sir Edward Mon- 
 
 drews died feized of it in the firft Year tague, Km. Chief Juftice of the King's 
 
 of Queen Elizabeth, giving it to his Wife Bench, and John Camplnet, their Heirs 
 
 for Life ; and after her, to Anthony his and Afligns for ever, to hold in Soccage, 
 
 fecond Son, charged with ten Pounds a as of the Manor of Geddington in the 
 
 Year to his youngeft Son Fabian, if he County of Northampton, by whom it was 
 
 were alive, when the faid Lands came to foon after conveyed to Anthony Andrew* 
 
 Anthony and fo to continue fo long as and Dorothy his Wife, and to the Heirs 
 Fabian lived. Anthony died 
 
 and Afligns of the faid Anthony for e- 
 ver. As to the Patronage of the Vica- 
 rage, we fuppofe it to be in the Earl of 
 Rutland, who is Lord of the Manor. 
 
 CALDECOT, a fmall Village border- 
 ing on Northaraptonjhire, which hath, ever 
 fince the Conqueft, had a Dependance 
 upon the Manor of Lydington; for it is 
 recorded in Domefday Book, that Wal- 
 terius held of the Biftiop of Lincoln two 
 Hides in Lydlngton, and Mat Caldecote did 
 appertain to that Manor. The prefent 
 
 lived. Anthony died before Fa- 
 lian, and his Heir reiufeth to pay the 
 10 /. per Ann. to Fabian, ftill living ; 
 whereupon it was brought before the 
 Court of Wards, and debated, whether 
 the Land ftill ftood charged with 10 7. 
 per Ann. to Fabian, or was determined by 
 the Death of Anthony 1 and was at length 
 refolved }> by Advice with the two chief 
 Juftices Wr.ty and Anderfon, That the 
 Land did remain ftill charged with the 
 faid Annuity to Fabian, as a Rent-feck ; 
 
 and that the Heirs and Afligns of Anthony Lord of this Place, as alfo of Lydington* 
 were obliged to pay it during the Life is the Right Honourable John Earl of 
 of Fabian. This is fet down in Serjeant Exeter. In the third Year of King Edw 
 Amor's Reports, Term. Mich. 32 Qp 33 VI. there were certain Lands in this 
 J5/-S. as a notable Cafe. The Family of Town, Parcel of the late diflolved Mo- 
 Andrews were Lords of this Manor, and naftery of Pipwell in Northampton^} ire 
 had their Seat at this Town till almoft 
 the Mjddle of the laft Century, and were 
 ibme of them Men of Note, as Anthony 
 Andrews, who was High Sheriff in this 
 County in 1613, n Jac. I. and Ed-ward 
 Andrews, who bore the fame Office in 
 1637, and fold this Manor not long af- 
 ter, we fuppofe, to the Earl of Rutland, 
 vhofe Defcendant John Earl of Rutland, 
 is the prefent Lord of it. 
 
 The Church is a Vicarage, valued in 
 the King's Books at 61. bs. .d. It did 
 formerly belong to the 
 Vaventry, and upon the 
 that Houfe, it was defigned to be impro- 
 
 priated to Cardinal College (now called 
 Chrift-Church) in the Univerfity of Ox- 
 ford, as appears from the Cardinal's Lift 
 ftill extant; but he falling into Difgrace, 
 all his Meafures were broken ; and tho* 
 King Henry VIII. carried on the Cardi- 
 nal'* Platform fo far as to compleat the 
 
 as appears from the Rolls in the Aug- 
 mentation-Office. Here was in this 
 County anciently a Family of fome 
 Note, having the Name of Caldecot, who 
 took their Name (as we fuppofe) from 
 this Place, viz. J-ohn Caldecot, who was 
 High Sheriff twice in the Reign of King 
 Henry VIII. and William Caldecot, who 
 was High Sheriff twice in the Reign of 
 Queen Elizabeth. 
 
 The Church here is a Chapelry to Ly- 
 dington, the Vicar of which hath all the 
 Monaftery of fmall Tithes of it, except two Marks, 
 Difloludon of which are yearly to be paid to the Bi- 
 fliop of Lincoln from . the Churches of 
 Caldecote and Snell'fton. The Church 
 ftands on the Side of the Welland. 
 
 GLAISTON, a fmall Village .near 
 Eisbrooke, of which Domefday- Bo}k jthus 
 records: In Glaifton, Willielmus holdcth 
 of Countefs Judith four Hides of 
 Land, of Arabic 8 Carucates, in De- 
 Z z, z nieihe
 
 mefne, one Carucate and an half, two 
 Servants, five Villains, and three Sock- 
 men, and two Bordarii, having five Ca- 
 rucates. Here were alfo ten Acres of 
 Meadow. The whole valued at 40 Shil- 
 lings. Edwardus tenuit cum Saca & Soca. 
 To this Manor did appertain fix Sock- 
 men in Luffer.ham : Who were Lords of 
 this Manor after this, we do not find, 
 till the Reign of King Edward II. when 
 John de Harrington is faid to be Lord of 
 this Manor. In his Pofterity it continu- 
 ed till the 28th Year of King Edward III. 
 when John the Son of Thomas Harrington, 
 being then Lord of this Manor, granted 
 the fame to William Wade and Margaret 
 his Wife, to hold for the Term of their 
 leveral Lives ; whether it ever returned 
 to the Family of the Harringtons or no, 
 we can't discover; but the next Time 
 we meet with it, it was in the Pofleflion 
 of ihe Family of the Cofyes ; for in the 
 Year 1407, Walter Colly died Lord of it, 
 with the Advowfon of the Church. In 
 this Family it continued feveral Succef- 
 fions; for in the 13th Year of King Henry 
 VIII. John Colly deceafed, and is faid to 
 hold the Manor and Advowfon of this 
 Place of Edward Duke of Buckingham, as 
 of his Caftle of Okeham, by Knight's 
 Service, and that Anthony Colly was his 
 Son and Heir. This Family of ColTtes 
 were, fome of them, Men of Note in 
 this County ; for this Anthony Colly, Efq; 
 was Sheriff of this County in the firft 
 and tenth Years of Queen Elizabeth's 
 Reign, and either himfelf or his Heir, 
 in the i8th and 2jth of the fame Reign, 
 being ef the fame Name. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, valu- 
 ed in the King's Books at izl. i6s. yd, 
 As to the Advowfon, we find, that in the 
 icth Year of King Henry III. the Prior 
 of Laund in Leicefterjbire, prefented' to 
 this Church ; and fo again in the 21 ft* 
 Year of the lame Reign. To this Prior, 
 for the Time being, and his Convent, 
 the Incumbent of this Church paid an 
 annual Penfion of 6s. 9d. at the Feaft of 
 St. Michael yearly ; but after the Diflb- 
 lution of the Abbies the Advowfon came 
 into Lay Hands; and this Church was 
 
 in the Patronage O f the Colllet for fomc 
 Succeffipns, till in the idth of Car. I. 
 1640. Sir Anthony Colly ; Km. then Lord 
 of the Manor, and p atjon of the Church, 
 who had a little before been High Sheriff 
 of the County, joined with his Son and 
 Heir William Colly, Efq; in a Conveyance 
 of divers Parcels of Land in this Town, 
 together with the Advowfon of the 
 Church here, to Edward Andrews of B/j- 
 brooke, Efq, from whofe Family the Ad- 
 vowfon is fince pafled over to Peter-houfe 
 College in Cambridge, and fo that Society 
 are Patrons of it. In this Church here are 
 four Monuments worth our Notice; 
 (i.) For Walter Colly, Lord and Patron 
 of this Village, and Agnes his- Wife, wha 
 died Anno Domini 1407. (2.) For John de 
 Lindon, a learned Oxonian, and Dotor of 
 Merton College, Parfon of this Parifli, 
 who died in 1415. (3.) For Sir JS&n 
 Bramfpath, Knt. who died Anno Domini 
 1443- (40 For John Baffet and Agnes his 
 Wife, with no other hifcription than aa 
 Orate pt-9 Animabus, &>c. Mr. William 
 Holies, fifth Prebendary of feterboroHgh^ 
 (of whom we have given fome Account 
 in that Place) was ejefted out of this 
 Reftory, and forced to retire with his 
 Wife and fix Children ; for which, tho" 
 the State allowed him a fifth Part to, 
 maintain them, he never could get any 
 but of Mr. Philips, who, at the Reftora- 
 tion, willingly refigned this Parfonage to 
 him. 
 
 K EL THORP, an Hamlet belonging 
 to the Parifli of Ketton in Eaft Hundred. 
 It did anciently belong to the Collegiate 
 Church of the Blefled Trinity, of Tatehal^ 
 m the County of Lincoln ; but after the 
 Diflblution of that Houfe, King Henry 
 VIII by his Letters Patents, bearing 
 Date at Wejlminjler 13 March, Reg tf. 
 granted this Manor, with many other 
 Eftatcs, to Charles Brandon, then Duke of 
 Suffolk, but it continued not long in his 
 Family ; for in the jth of Queen //*. 
 Betb's Reign, Francis Coleby obtained a 
 Licenfe of that Princefs, to alienate this 
 Manor of Kehhorp to John Hougbtw, who- 
 then had his Seat in this Place, whichLi- 
 cenfe hears Date 30 Afr. 5 /;*.
 
 LUFFEXHAM North and South, 
 were moft probably heretofore both one 
 Town ; for we obferve no Diftin&ion 
 made of them in Domefday-Book, where 
 it is faid, that the King held Luffenham 
 and Sculethorp. There was at that Time 
 accounted feven Hides, and one Yard- 
 land of Arable, fourteen Carucates, 
 twelve Sockmen, and fixteen Bordarii 
 with a Prieft having twelve Carucates; 
 there were allb two Mills of 40 Pence 
 Rent, and ten Acres of Meadow. All 
 which, in the Time of King Edward the 
 Confeflbr, were valued at 30 Shillings ; 
 "but at the Time of the Survey at 40 
 Shillings. Homines operant Opera Regis, 
 qu<e Pr&poptus jujferit, has terras tenuit Re- 
 gina Edgitha, modo tenet Hugo de Porth ad 
 frmam de Rege. There was alfo at that 
 Time belonging to the King's Manor of 
 Berchedone in Luffenham, four Hides, ten 
 Carucates of Arable Land, and fixteen 
 Acres of Meadow, 
 
 Maud the Emprefs beftowed this Ma- 
 nor, among feveral others, upon WtUiam 
 Beauchamp of Elmely-CaJile in Worcejler- 
 fiire, who hyd been Steward to her Fa- 
 ther, King Henry I. and her faithful Ad- 
 herent in her Wars againft King Stephen ; 
 from him dcfcended the famous Earls of 
 Warwick of that Name, who flourished 
 in great Honour to King Edward IVth's 
 Time, when by the Heir General the 
 Title pafled into the Family of Ne-vills. 
 This Manor continued in that Family 
 moft of that Time ; for in the i4th Year 
 of King Edward III. Thomas Beauchamp 
 Earl of Warwick, held the Manor of 
 South Luffenham and Barrowdon, with o- 
 ther Lands in this County, by the Ser- 
 vice of being the King's Chamberlain in 
 the Exchequer. 
 
 In later Times the Harringtons had a 
 Manor in North Luffenhaw ; for John Lord 
 Harrington the Younger, by Indenture 
 bearing Date 18 Feb. n J-ac. I. fettled 
 this Manor of North Luffenham, with o- 
 ther Lands and Lordfhips of this County, 
 in Truft, to be fold after his Death, for 
 the Payment of his Debts, which being 
 accordingly done, this Eftate was bought 
 by that truly noble and loyal Gemle- 
 
 JJ >o 12 I JK. L. 547 
 
 man, Henry Noel, Efq; fecond Son of 
 Edward Noel, Vifcount Cambden, who 
 made it his Seat. This Gentleman, in 
 the rebellious Times, refided here, and 
 refufing to deliver up his Perfon, Arms 
 and Houfe, to tJie Lord Grey of Grooby t 
 who demanded them for the Parliament, 
 was forced at length by Fire and Bat- 
 teries to capitulate upon thefe Articles. 
 
 1. That they fliould quench their Fire. 
 
 2. That all his Family fliould go whi- 
 ther they would, without Impediments. 
 And, 3. That none Ihould enter his 
 Houfe but Commanders ; but contrary 
 to their Agreements, the common Sol- 
 diers, as well as Officers, entred his 
 Houfe, plundered and deftroyed his 
 Goods and Writings, raviflied his Maids, 
 got into the Church and defaced a good- 
 ly Monument, ere&ed for his deceafed 
 Lady ; and when they had done him many 
 Damages amounting to 2000 /. or more, 
 carried him Prifoner to London, where he 
 remained a long Time in Peter houfe, a 
 conftant Sufferer for his Loyalty. This 
 Eftate is now, or late was the Seat of 
 Baptijl Noel, Efq; fecond Son of the late 
 Baptijl, Vifcount Cambden, and Earl of 
 Gainsberough. A younger Branch alfo of 
 the Family of the Digbies of Tilton, have 
 Tjeen many Years feated at North Luffen- 
 ham, and Lords of a Moiety of that Ma- 
 nor, being firft fettled there by Roger 
 Digby, who came out of Leicejlerjbire. 
 
 South Luffenham is famous for nothing 
 but a Suit of Law commenced by Robert 
 Cawdrey, Parfon of it, about the Vali- 
 dity of his Deprivation. He not only 
 refufed to celebrate Divine Service, ac- 
 cording to the Book of Common Prayer, 
 but preached againft it ; whereupon 
 Queen Elizabeth authorizing diver* <.om- 
 tniflioners to try and exanune him, de- 
 prived him of his Benefice. He brought 
 his Aftion againft one Atton, for break- 
 ing his Clofe at South Luffenham ; and fo 
 the Validity of his Deprivation came to 
 be tried before the Judges of the Com- 
 mon Law, in an Aftion of Trefj;afs. 
 Cawdrey's Counfel urged, that the Depri- 
 vation was null, being not warrantad by 
 the Statute, i /<%. Cb. i. But the Ob- 
 Z z 7i 2
 
 548 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 jeHon was over-ruled ; and it was refolved 
 by the whole Court, That notwitliftand- 
 jng that Statute, the King and Queen of 
 'England, for the Time being, may au- 
 shoriz.e Ecclefiailical Commiflioners, by 
 the ancient Prerogative and Law of 
 England, and what they do is valid, as 
 Sir Edward Coke proves by divers Inftan- 
 ces in relating the Cafe. 
 
 The two Re&ories of Luffenham, South 
 and North, are valued in the King's 
 Books, each of them at 17 /. o j. 5 d. 
 The Patronage of the Church of North 
 Luffenham, was :> in the Reign of King 
 Edward I. in Edmund Earl of Cornwall, 
 who at that Time prefented to it jFohn de 
 JMolefw/th, in the izth Year of his 
 Reign, as William de Beauchamp did in 
 the 4<Sth Year of King Henry III. to the 
 Church of South Luffenham. In the 
 Church of North Luffwham is a Monu- 
 xnent on the South Side of the Church 
 for Simon Digby, Efq; Penfioner to King 
 Henry VIII. fecond Son of Sir John Digby 
 of Eye-Kettelby in Leicejleypire, Knight- 
 Marinal ; as alfo for Roger Digby of this 
 Place, his Son and Heir, erected proba- 
 bly by the Defcendant of the later in 
 1582. This Family of Digbies was both 
 ancient and eminent a long Time in this 
 County ; for Everard Digby, Efq; wa*s 
 Knight of the Shire, and High Sheriff, 
 in the Reign of King Henry VI. and VII. 
 and John Digby twice in the fame Reign, 
 and Everard Digby again in the fame 
 Reigns Kenelm Digby and Simon, in the 
 Reigns of King Edward VI. and Queen 
 JMary I. and the faid Kenelm was Knt. of 
 the Shire the fame Reigns, and Queen 
 Elizabeth's. 
 
 LYD NGTON, a much more confi- 
 clerable Town anciently, than now it is. 
 It lies in the moft fouthcrn Parts of the 
 County, and is thus described by Domes- 
 day-Book and Leland, who lived in the 
 Reign of King Henry VIII. In the 
 former, which was a Survey made by 
 the Conqueror, 'tis thus faid: Walterius 
 holds of the Bifhop of Lincoln two Hides 
 in Lidentone, to which Manor Stocle, 
 Smeltftont and Caldicote belong. In all 
 which there are fix teen Carucates of 
 
 Arable Land, in Demefne fix Carucates, 
 four Servants, . twenty-fix Villains, and 
 twenty-four Bordarii poffefling nine 
 Carucates. There were alfo two Mills 
 of eight Shillings, and twenty- eight Acres 
 of Meadow, with a Wood three furlongs 
 in Length, and two in Breadth, all then 
 valued at eight Pounds. Bardi tenet cum 
 Saca, Qf> SocA. Leland, in hii Itinerary, a- 
 grees with this Defcription, tho' fo long 
 after, faying, Liddington is the ancient 
 Manor-place of the Bifhop of Lincoln; 
 and accordingly we find many Footlteps 
 of that Biihop's Pofleffion of it, viz. 
 
 i. ThoBilhops of Lincoln had a Pa- 
 lace here, which is now turned into an 
 Hofpital (of which we fhall (peak more 
 hereafter) in the Hall of which, and a 
 large Chamber, faid to be the Biihop's 
 own Lodgings, there are to be feen at 
 this Time, written in great Capital Let- 
 ters, D OMINUS EXALTATIO 
 MEA ; and almoft in every Quarry, 
 DELECTARE IN DOMINO, 
 in the Windows, with the Arms of two 
 of the Bifhops, viz. John Ru/el, Lord 
 Chancellor, and Chancellor of Oxford^ 
 who was Bifhop of Lincoln, in the Reign 
 of King Edward IV. 1480; and John 
 Longland, who was alfo Chancellor of 
 Oxford, and Bifhop of (Lincoln, in the 
 Reign of King Henry VIII. 15-41. 
 
 ^. Lydington had anciently a Market 
 belonging to the Bifhop of Lincoln ; and 
 in Judge Fitz-Herbert's Natura Brevium> 
 there is yet extant a Form of a Writ o 
 Nufance, directed to the Sheriff of Rut- 
 land upon that Occafion, in thefe 
 Words: Rex Vicecom. &c. Free. P. quod 
 jufte, Qfc. permittat Epifcopum Lincolnienfem 
 projlerr.ere quoddnm Mevcatum in Uppingham 
 quod Pet. de M. Pater pr*di&. P. cujut 
 Htres ipfe eft, injufte y &c. levavit ad n'acu- 
 m<ntum liber i Mercati nuper Epifcopi 
 Lincoln. Pr<edecejf. prtdift. Epifcopi in Lud- 
 dington, ut dicit, &> niji fecer. &> prtdi&vs 
 Epifopu; fee. te fecur. &c. tune fum. pr&d, 
 P. quod jit, &>c. ojtens. quare, &c. This 
 W?u we fuppole was granted in the 
 Kign of King Henry III. when Peter de 
 Mumfort was Lord of the Manor of Up- 
 /, and upheld the Market there
 
 R UT L A NT) S II IRE. 
 
 Patents, dated 12. April, in the ,d Year dowment) in altevagio, & in omnibus mi- 
 of his Reign, granted free Warren to ntttis Decimis de Lidington, exceptis decimis 
 Henry BuvuKJ'h Lord Treafurer, then Bi- minutis d* Curia Domini Ep'fcopi, in decimis 
 ihop of Lwoln, and his Succeflbrs, in all etiam Adolevdinorttm omnium in parochta de 
 their demeine Lands in Liddington, and Lidington integre &* in duobus marcis Jingu~ 
 other Places therein mentioned, and Us annis di Ecclejiis de Caldecote Of Snel* 
 that none prefume to hunt there without leftcn. The impropriate Tithes of this 
 the faid Bifhop's Licenfe, under the Pe- Parifh make a Prebend in the Church of 
 jialty often Pounds for each Otrence. Lincoln. In this Church are two ancient 
 This Manor and Eftate continued in Marble Monuments, thr- one near the 
 the Pofleflion of the Bifhops of Lincoln, Communion Table, for Helyn Hardy, the 
 till the Reign of King Edward VI. in the Wife of Robert Hardy, Gent, who died 
 Beginning of which, 'Henry Holbech, then on Wbitfunday, Anno 1486; and the 
 Bifhop or that See, did give and grant to other for one of the Anceftors of the 
 the faid King (but upon "what Confide- Earl of Rockingham, viz. Edward Watfon t 
 
 rations it doth not appear) the Demefne Eiq; Juftice of the Peace, and - 
 
 and Lordfbip of Liddington, with all and to three Bifhops of Lincoln fucceflively, 
 fingular its Rights and Appertinances, viz. William Smith Chancellor of Oxford., 
 in the County ojf Rutland, then valued William At-water, and John Longland, who 
 at the yearly Rent of fixty-three Pounds died 10 O&ob. Anno Domini 1530. The 
 fourteen Shillings and nine Pence ; all Verfes added to this Infcription term him, 
 which the faid King Edwartf. VI. did foon Scribam &2> eleftw ad Ojficium cattfarum 
 after give and granr, by his Letters Pa- by the Bifhops of Lincoln. 
 
 In the Year 1602, Thomas Lord Bur- 
 high, being then Lord of this Manor of 
 Lydinton, convened the old Houfe here,, 
 anciently the Bifhop of Lincoln's Palace, 
 into an Hofpitai for a Warden, twelve 
 poor Men and two Women, giving it 
 the Name of Jefus-Hofpital, and endowed 
 
 tents, under the Seal of the Court of 
 
 Augmentations, dated 24 May Reg. 2. to 
 
 Gregory Lord Cromwell, and the Lady 
 
 Elizabeth his Wife, for their Lives, Si 
 
 tarn diu Regi placuerit, paying for the 
 
 fame, and other Lands mentioned in the 
 
 faid Grant, by the Title of a Rent, the 
 
 Sum of fourteen Pounds three Shillings 
 
 and five Pence Half penny, at the Feaft 
 
 of St. Michael, yearly.. After which 
 
 Grant, the faid King Edivard VI. Reg. 5. 
 
 patted the Reverfion of this Manor to 'Morcot, there was formerly belonging to 
 
 William Cei-il, afterward Lord Burleigh, the King's Manor of Barrowdon* foit 
 
 in Fee, to hold of the King in Capite, by Hides of Land, eight Carucates of Ara- 
 
 Knight's Service. This Grant produced ble, and fix Acres of Meadow. In the 
 
 a Suit in Law, which is reported by Sir Reign of King Henry II. Alice Bidune, 
 
 James Dyer, Lord Chief Juftice, fol. 94. Sifter of William Mattduit, (a Minor, 
 
 M. ! Mar. JV. 29. William Cecil Lord " ii -~ -- *u^ .. ..i v.~->- r\;r--r-iv 
 
 Burleigh, had Iflue Thomas Lord Bttrlei,?h, 
 
 who was created by King jfames I. Reg. 3. 
 
 Earl of Exeter, and in his Family this 
 
 t with a competent Maintenance for 
 them. 
 
 MOR c or, of which Domefday-Book 
 gives this Account : In the Town of 
 
 King's Difpofal) 
 which with 
 
 who was then at the 
 
 held Lands in this Place, 
 
 the Appertinances, were valued at ten 
 
 Pounds per Ann. with one Plough. She 
 
 Lordfhip of Liddington remains to this had four Daughters, who were mar- 
 
 ~ 
 
 Day 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, valued 
 in the King's Book at SI. 2s. In the 
 
 ried, viz. Amicia. ~o Hugh (or 
 Henry} Clixfsn ; Aniabilis to Miles Beau- 
 champ ; Maud to feffi-ey Fttz-jFejfrey ; and 
 
 Year of King Henry III, Nicholas de AvmegarA to Advlpbiu de Gattcfdw, who,
 
 55 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 in the nth of King John, claimed a- 
 gainft Ifabel Mauduit, this Town of Mor- 
 rot, with its Appertinances, as their 
 Right ; and called to Warranty Robert 
 Mauduit, the Lord thereof, becaufe me 
 claimed nothing of it but her Dower ; 
 and .accordingly Thomas de Beauchamp, 
 the Defcendant from Miles, was the Lord 
 of Morcot in the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward II. 
 
 But this Manor did not continue long 
 after in the Beauchamps Family; for in 
 the nth Year of King Edward IV. Ed- 
 ward DodingfeUs held, at the Time of his 
 Death, among other Lands, the Manor 
 of M or cor in Rutland, of the King in Ca- 
 fite, by the Service of the third Part of 
 a Knight's Fee: While the Manor was 
 in the Family of the Dodingfels, or their 
 Afligns, Simon Digby had, among other 
 'Things, certain Lands in this Town of 
 jMorcot, of the yearly Value of 4 Pounds, 
 which he held of Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 
 3. in Caplte, by Knight's Service, viz. 
 fix Meffuages, one Cottage, an Hundred 
 and thirty-four Acres of Land, eight 
 Acres of Meadow, and thirty four Acres 
 of Pafture, and that Roger Digby was his 
 Son and Heir. But the Lord Paramount 
 of this Manor is now, or lately was, 
 the Right Honourable the Earl of Exe- 
 ter, and Jofepb Herendine, Efq; is the 
 mean Lord of this Manor, his Heirs or 
 Afligns. 
 
 This Church is a Re&ory, valued in 
 the King's Books at icJ. 19 s. 5 d. The 
 Advowfon, in the Reign of King J-ohn, 
 was claimed by Ernstldus Fitz- Richard, 
 gainft Ifabel Mauduit, who called to 
 "Warranty Robert Mauduit her Son, in 
 regard me held it in Dower' only. Of 
 late Years the Advowfon of this Church 
 was purchafed by William Halls, Clerk, 
 Re&or of Glalflon in this County, but of 
 whom, we know not. He at his Death 
 *ievifed it to his Son WiUiam Halls of 
 London, Citizen and Merchant Taylor, 
 who, fomctime ago conveyed the lame 
 to the then prcfent Incumbent, John Sa- 
 vage, Cleric, his Heirs and Afligns for e- 
 ver, who are, we fuppofe, the prefent 
 Patrons. In <he South- fide of this 
 i 
 
 Church on the Wall is an ancient Monu- 
 ment with this Infcription ; WiUiam de 
 Overton gift icy, Dieit de Salme eyt mercy. 
 Amen ', but with no Date. And in the 
 Middle of the Chancel is another plain 
 Grave-ftone for Elizabeth Beejton, who 
 was buried 9 Mar. Anno Domini \6^^* 
 One Mr. Richard Watts was eje&ed from 
 this Re&orv, and lived to be reftored ; 
 what he fuflered in the Interval, we do 
 not find. 
 
 P i L T o N is not mention'd in Domef- 
 day-Book, and therefore is fuppofed to 
 be reckoned as a Member or Hamlet to 
 fome of the neighbouring Towns, proba- 
 bly one of the Luffenhams. In the Reign 
 of King Edward II. Thomas Beattchamp 
 Earl of Warwick, was Lord of Pilton, and 
 the prefent Lord is J-ohn Digby of North 
 Luffenham, Efq; 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, valued 
 in the King's Books at 47. 17 /. ^d. In 
 the thirty-fixth Year of King Edward L 
 William de Offington presented to it ; but 
 the prefent Patron is John Digby, Efq; 
 Lord of the Manor before-mentioned. 
 
 S E Y T o N was, at the general Survey 
 in ihe Conqueror's Reign, reckoned a 
 Alember or Parcel of the Manor of Ber- 
 chedone, (now called Barowdon} then held 
 by the King, who had in this Town 
 belonging to the faid Manor one Hide of 
 Land and an half, and one Bovate of 
 Land, fix Carucates of Arable, and two 
 Acres of Meadow ; alfo one Mill of 
 thirty-fix Pencp, a Wood, and Spinetum, 
 or Ground over-run with Thorns. At 
 the fame Time Robert de Todenei held in 
 this Town, (of Segentone, as it was then 
 called) one Hide, and one Bovate of 
 Land, four Carucates of Arable, of 
 which two were held in Demefne, two 
 Servants, four Villains and two Cottages, 
 with a Prieft ; all which poflcfled one 
 Carucate and an half. There were al- 
 fo three Acres of Meadow, and a Wood 
 of forty Perches in Length, and as ma- 
 ny in Breadth. But tiic laid Robert held 
 only a third Part of rhe Wood and Ara- 
 ble Land. To this Ettate of the faid 
 Robert did appertain, at that Time, one 
 Yard-land in Kmhedene t and four Vil- 
 
 lains.
 
 RUfLJN&SHIRE. 
 
 lahis, with half a Carucate, which had 
 been worth forty Shillings, but was then 
 worth but twenty. This Robtrt de Todenel 
 built Belvoir Cajlle, and feated himfelf 
 there, and annexed a Priory of Monks 
 to it, which he made a Cell to St. Al- 
 lan's. The Earls of Rutland are lineally 
 deicended from this Noble Norman* 
 
 Alice de Belafego, (or Beaufoe} Widow 
 of Thomas- Beaufoe, had Lands in this 
 Town, 31 Hen. II. which were then va- 
 lued at eight Marks per Awn, with the 
 following Srock, viz. two Ploughs, an 
 hundred Sheep, two Beafts, five Sows, 
 one Boar, and four Cows; and for the 
 Farm of her Land, flic received the 
 firft Year 36 Shillings Rent, and 10 d. 
 and two Pounds of Pepper. She was a 
 "Widow at the King's Difpofal, and had 
 a Daughter her fole Heir two Years old. 
 John de Beaufoe, a Defcendant of the 
 fame Family, together with John the 
 Son and Heir of Nicholas de Seyton, and 
 WiUiam de Sto* Licio, were Lords of Section 
 and Thorp, in the ninth of King Edward 
 II. This Family of Bellafago, or Beaufo, 
 flourished long in this County, and was 
 very ancient; for J-dhn de Beltafago was 
 Knight of the Shire for this County, in 
 the firft and fecondof ^..Edward III. and 
 WiUlam de Beaufo, in the 37th, j^th, 4id 
 and 43d of the lame Reign. Another 
 William de Beaufo was both Knt. of the 
 Shire, and High Sheriff thrice, in the 
 Reign of King Henry VL 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, valu- 
 ed in the King's Books at zo /. 7 j. 5 d. 
 Rcbert de Clcefter, and Ralph de Bellafago, 
 presented to it in the 23d Year of King 
 Henry HI. in the 2 6th Year of King Ed- 
 ward I. John de Bellafago prefented Wil- 
 liam de Bellafago to it, it being then va- 
 cant, upon the Removal of Thomas de Bel- 
 iafago, becaufe he was infe&ed with the 
 Leprofy. The prefent Patron is James 
 Tryane Efq; who alfo is the Lord of the 
 Manor. In this Church is an ancient 
 Monument creSed in an Arch of the 
 South Wall in the Body of the Church, 
 but without any vifible Infcription ; but 
 there are two Coats of Arms cut in the 
 Stone uncolouredj the one of them is- 
 
 551 
 
 quarterly ; in the firft twoLioncells paf- 
 fant; the fecond, Bendy of ten Pieces ; 
 the third, two Bars furmounted of a 
 Bend ; the fourth as the firft ; the ci- 
 ther is a Lion paflant crowned. One Mr. 
 Luke, or Lake, was Re&or here in the 
 late Times of Troubles, but was driven 
 out of it by the Rebels, and reduced to 
 fuch a poor Condition ever after, that 
 after his D^ath his Family was forced to 
 petition the Corporation of.Minifters 
 Sons for Relief. 
 
 STOKE-DRY, formerly a Parcel of 
 the Bifhop of Lincoln's Manor of Lidding" 
 ton. Stoke, in the Saxon Language, fig- 
 nifies a Village, and it had the Addition 
 of Dry, by reafon of its Situation on the 
 Side of an Hill. In the Reign of King 
 Edward II. Roger de Morewood was Lord of 
 this Manor, and he and his Pofterity 
 held it for fome Succeflions ; for we 
 find feveral of that Family^ i. Knight* 
 of the Shire for this County, as Nicho- 
 las Aderwood, z Rich. II. WHlTcim Morwood r 
 4 ditto, and 8th, 2. High Sheriffs foe 
 this County, as the faid William Mor- 
 wood, 4 Rich. II. but to whom this Ma- 
 nor pafled from them, we can't difco- 
 ver. Of later Times this Manor was ther 
 Property r and on that Account made the 
 Scat, of the ancient and worthy Family 
 of the Digbies, which tho' it was former- 
 ly much blemifhed by Sir Everard Digby^ 
 drawn in (as Mr, Cambden fays) to the, 
 Powder Treafon; yet hath recovered its 
 Reputation, and is rendred famous by* 
 that fingularly learned Perfon, Sir 
 Kenelm Digby, who was of the fame Fa- 
 mily, and the eldeft Son of Sir Everard. 
 He, notwithftanding his Father's Attain- 
 der, and Execution for the faid Treafon, 
 inherited this Lordfhip, and tranfmitted 
 it to his Pofterity, becaufe the faid 
 Everard, long before any Treafon had 
 been committed by him, had conveyed 
 this and other Manors to the Ufe of 
 himfelf for Life; and after,, to the Ufe 
 of his Son and Heir apparent in- Tail, 
 with divers Remainders to his other 
 Children ; lb that after his Execution- 
 this his Eftate remained to his eldeft Son 
 Kenelm, He was within Age, and the 
 
 JLandi
 
 R UfL A NT> SHIRE. 
 
 defcending to him afrcr his Fa- 
 tier's Death, beir;g held of the King in 
 Cafite* it be.cme a Point in Law, Whe- 
 ther the King mould have the Wardfhip 
 of his Eody and Lands ? And it was re- 
 lolved by the two Chief Jufttces, Chief 
 Baron, and whole Court of Wards, that 
 the King could not have his Wardfhip, 
 becauic he came to his Eftate, not as an 
 Heir Special, his Blood being corrupted, 
 but as a ineer Ptirchafer; and for the 
 fame Reafon, had he been of Age, the 
 King could not have had the primer 
 Seifin. 
 
 The Church of this Place is a Re&ory, 
 valued in the King's Books at n/. zs. id. 
 In the 4th Year of King Henry III. the 
 then Prior of the Holpital of Sc. John of 
 Jerufalem in England, prel'ented to it, 
 as he didalfoin the one and twentieth 
 Year of the faid King ; and 'tis probable 
 that the Prior of the faid Hofpital en- 
 joyed the Patronage of this Church, till 
 the Diflblution, when the Lands called 
 D'engly-Lee, to which the Advowfon of 
 this Church was annexed, came into the 
 King's Hands, and were given by him to 
 Richard Andrews, who the fame Year ob- 
 tained a Licenfe of the King, to alienate 
 the faid Lands, containing by Eftima- 
 tion four Acres, in Stoke dry, lately be- 
 longing to the Preceptory of Dingly in 
 2?orthamptor:Jhire , with the Advowfon of 
 the Church, to Kenelm Digby and his 
 Heirs. Thefe Preceptories were Cells, 
 -or Religious Houfes in the Country, be- 
 longing to the Knights Templars, or 
 Knights of St. John of Jerufalem, fubje& 
 to their chief Manfion in London, ftill 
 called the Temples. Of this Sort there 
 were many in England, as Balfett'in Wnr- 
 ivickjhire ; Dalhy in LeiceJIerjhire ; Temple- 
 Brewer in Lincobjhire ', and this of Ding- 
 ly, &c. 
 
 THORP, a fmall Village in the Parim 
 of Seyttn. In the Conqueror's Time, it 
 was Parcel of the Manor of Berchednne, 
 (or Earwvdon, as ii is now called) then 
 heKi by u*e King, who had here belong- 
 ing to the faid Manor one Hide, and 
 one Yard-land, four Carucates of Arable, 
 nd three Acres of Meadow, It had the 
 
 fame Lords in the ninth of King Ed<waret 
 II. that Seyton had, viz. John de Beatifo, 
 John, the Son and Heir of Nicholas de 
 Seyton, and William de Sto. Lido, as ap- 
 pears above in Seyton. In King Edward 
 Vlth's Time, there was a Parcel of 
 Tithes in Thorp, which formerly had be- 
 longed to the Monaftery of Tutbury in 
 Staffordshire, then demifed by the faid 
 Convent to one Robert Annes, which paid 
 a referred Rent of 8 Shillings a Year to 
 the King, and was accounted for in the 
 Court of Augmentations. 
 
 T i x o v E R, written in Domefclay 
 Tichefoure- At the Time of the general 
 Survey, this Town was appendant to the 
 King s Manor of Chetene, (now called 
 Ketton} and here were then reckoned two 
 Hides, eight Carucates of Arable, fixteen 
 Sockmen, and four Bordarii or Cotta- 
 gers, having fix Carucates. Here alfo 
 was one Mill of five Shillings Rent, 
 eight Acres of Meadow, and three Acres 
 of Thorny Ground. 
 
 In the ninth of King Edward II. the 
 Abbot of Cfagny or Clttny, in Barerundy t 
 was Lord of this Manor of Tykefore ; but 
 that being a Priory alien, this Eftate was 
 often (especially in the Time of Wars 
 with France) feized by the King ; and the 
 Rents and Profus of the Temporalties of 
 that Abbey, and particularly of this 
 Town, taken by the King's Receivers, 
 and paid into the Exchequer ; and we 
 find, that in the i8th Year of King Erf- 
 cuard, the Rents of this Manor fo paid, 
 were i a/. 95. 5^. In the Reign of King 
 Henry V. thefe Priories Aliens were to- 
 tally iupprefled, and given to that King ; 
 but this Manor remaining in the Crown, 
 when King Henry VI. came of Age, was 
 fettled upon the Collegiate Church of 
 Tatterfal in Lincolnshire, and continued a 
 Part of its Pofleflion till the Suppref- 
 fion of that College with the other reli- 
 gious Houfes. 
 
 After the Diflblmion of Tattefijall Col- 
 lege, this Eftate was in the Crown a- 
 while; but in the 36th of King Henry 
 VIII. that King granted to Charles Bran- 
 don Duke of Suffolk, who married his 
 Sitter, all thofe his Manors of Tikefore, 
 
 Manto*
 
 UT LA K 
 
 and Kelthorp, to be held of him 
 Capite, by Knight's Service. He left 
 two Sons, Henry and Charles, but both 
 of them dying without Iflue, his Eftate 
 became divided among many collateral 
 Heirs, as Sidney, Lovel, Cavendifo, &c. 
 of which Level died feized of the fifth 
 Part of thofe Manors, and left it to his 
 Sifter and Heir Margaret, the Wife of 
 John Kerfey ; but it feems that the whole 
 Eftate at length became united in Sid- 
 ney and his Heirs; for it appears in the 
 sift Year of Queen Elizabeth's Reign, 
 That Queen granted a Licenfe to Henry 
 Sidney, Knt. to alienate the Manors of 
 Tikefore and Manton in this County, to 
 Michael Lewis and his Heirs, who a few 
 Years after, viz. 55 E/ <*- conveyed the 
 <ame Lands to William Kirkham, who 
 patfed them a little Time after to Roger 
 Dale of Colly-Wejton, Efq; in whofe Name 
 and Family it continued for fome Suc- 
 ceffions, till Charles Dale, Grandfon of 
 the faid Roger, leaving at his Death four 
 Daughters and Coheirs, two of which 
 were under Age, certain Truftees were 
 enabled by Aft of Parliament, 31 Car. 
 II. to fell this Lordfhip, which accord- 
 ingly they did, by good and effectual 
 Conveyance in Law, to Henry Stafford of 
 Blathtrwick in Northamptonshire, Efq; 
 whofe Heirs or Affigns are the prefent 
 Owners. 
 
 Our Villares mention divers other Vil- 
 lages and Hamlets in this Hundred, as 
 Beefton, Bradgate, Elejhare, Fregthorp, Geton, 
 Kelfton, Nevjbottle, Redgate and Snowton ; 
 but of them we find nothing memorable, 
 and fo muft pafs them over without any 
 further Regard, and proceed to 
 
 EAST HUNDRED. 
 
 This Hundred is called the Eaft Hun- 
 dred, from its Situation on the Eaft-fide 
 of the County, which borders upon Part 
 ofLfovfaJtov and Northamptonshire ; on the 
 South, it is bounded with the Hundred 
 of Wrangdike; on the Weft, with the 
 Hundred of Jlftoe, and on the North, 
 vith another Part of Lincolrjtj'tre. The 
 Fee of this Hundred was in Edmund E*rl 
 
 53 SHIRE. m 
 
 of Cornwall, in the i8th Year of King 
 Edward I. 1300, and after his Deceafc* 
 which then happened, it was afligned, 
 among other Eftates, to Margaret his 
 Widow, to make good the Settlement of 
 500 7. a Year, allowed her by Parlia- 
 ment for her Subfiftence. We fuppofe 
 it to be at prefent in the Crown. There 
 is no Market-Town in this Hundred; 
 and therefore we (hall proceed to relate 
 what we have obferved worthy of Noto 
 in the Villages, viz> 
 
 BELMSTHORP. This Village or 
 Manor was given by the Lady Godiva t 
 Countcfs of Northumberland, to the Abbey 
 of Peterborough, with Ryhall, before the 
 Norman Invafion ; but at the Norman 
 Conqucft was feized by the King, with 
 the Manor of Ryhall, as a Part thereof, 
 and held of the King by the CountelV 
 Judith ; fhe had here one Hide and an 
 half, two Carucates in Demefne, and 
 fourteen Villains, and fix Bordartl, who 
 pofleflTed four Carucates. Here was at 
 that Time one Mill of ten Shil- 
 lings and eight Pence, and fixtecn Acres 
 of Meadow, all which together were va- 
 lued at fix Pounds. Hugh de Spenfer was 
 Lord of this Town in the Reign of 
 King Edward II. The prefent Lord is the 
 Right Honourable the Earl of Exeter, or 
 his Heirs. We have no other Account 
 of it. 
 
 BR'I G-C A STE RTO N, fo called, from 
 the Bridge laid over the River Gwajh^ 
 or TVajh, in this Town. It is alfo writ- 
 ten Cafterton Magna, or Great Cajlerton, to> 
 diftinguifh it from another Village ad- 
 joining, called Caflerton Parva or Little 
 Cajlerton. Mr. Cambden is of Opinion , 
 that the ancient Roman Station, called 
 GAVSENNVEby Antoninus, in his Iti- 
 nerary, was in this Place, which he 
 grounds upon the Nearnefs of the Ri- 
 ver Gwajb s Name to that of Gauf?nn* 9 
 and the Diftancc of it from Lindum, or 
 Lincoln; but modeftly adds, that he fliall 
 believe it fo to be, till Time mall make 
 more probable Difcoverics. But what 
 happened fince in this Refpeft, much 
 confirms Mr. Camlden's Conjecture ; for 
 great Number of oI4 Rfimao Coins hare* 
 A a a been,
 
 554 
 
 been, and ftill are found in ploughing 
 and digging in the Fields in and about 
 the Town, -which are certain Signs of a 
 Roman Station, becaufe it was a Cuftom 
 of the Romam under the Foundations of 
 their Altars, and other Buildings of 
 Note, to lay fome of their Emperors 
 Coins, who then ruled, to fignify the 
 Beginning, and preferve the Memory 
 of the faid Work to Potlerity ; and for 
 the fame Reafon they put their Coins in 
 their Urns among the Afhes of the De- 
 ceafed. Mr. Cambden adds, that 'tis fup- 
 pofed, that this Gaufennx was demolifhed 
 <*hen the Pitts and Sects ravaged this 
 Part of the Ifland as far as Stamford, 
 where Hengiji and his Saxons ftopt their 
 Progrefs, and forced them to fly home 
 in great Diforder, leaving many dead, 
 and Priibners behind them. 
 
 Before the Conqueft, Earl JMorcar\\c\d 
 Caftcrtw ', but at the Time of the Domef- 
 day Survey, Hu^b the Son of Baldric, held 
 it in Farm of the King. There were at 
 fhat Time three Hides and an half, nine 
 Carucatcs of Arable Land, and one Ca- 
 tticate in Demefne, twenty-four Villains, 
 two Sockmen, and two Bordarii, with a 
 Prieft, and two Servants, who had levcn 
 Carucates, There was alfo expreffed in 
 the fame Survey a Mill of fixteen Shil- 
 ling?,, and fixteen Acres of Meadow, 
 with a Spinetttm (or a Parcel of Grounds 
 ver-run with Thorns) of three Furlongs 
 in. Length, and two in Breadth, all to- 
 gether formerly valued at fix Pounds, 
 $u t then at ten Pounds. 
 
 John de la Ware was Lord of this 
 To-wn of Brig-caflertoiJ, in the Pvcign of 
 King Edward IT. but it had changed its 
 Lords in Henry Vlth's Reign ; for Henry 
 Lord ScrvpofBoItonvtAs feiz.cd of this Ma- 
 r.or" of Brig cafterton, and died fo feized, in 
 the fame King's Reign. In the Reign of K. 
 .!!<? y VIII. this Manor was Part of the 
 Tiftate r>f'fol>n Lord Hu/ey, the firft and 
 Tart Baron of that Name created by King 
 'Henry V11L Reg. 22. being then greatly 
 in havour ; but being unhappily engaged 
 v.ith the Commons in lJncJnje'tre t who 
 railed a Commotion upon the Account of 
 tiie Alterations in Religion ;, he was be- 
 
 headed for it at Lincoln^ and his Eftate 
 being confifcated, came to the Crown ; 
 and accordingly we find, that the King's 
 Bailiff in thefe Parts accounted for the 
 Rents and Profits of Bridg^CaJlerton, Par- 
 cel of the Lands of the Lord John Huf- 
 fiy, attainted of High Treafon. The 
 prefent Lord of this Manor of Cajlerton 
 Magna. is, the Right Honouarble the 
 Earl of Exeter. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Re&o- 
 ry valued in the King's Books at 
 1 1 I 2 j. 9 d. In the 46th Year of King 
 Henry III. Eleanor, then Queen of Eng- 
 land, as Lieutenant or Guardian for the 
 Lord Edmund her Son, who was then ab- 
 fent, and in the Parts beyond the Seas, 
 prefented in his Right to the Church of 
 Great Cajlerton; and in the following 
 Reign, 40 Edw. I, Sir Jdkn de la, Ware, 
 Knt. prefented to the faid Church: 
 Who is how the Patron, unlefs it be the 
 Earl of Exeter, who is the Lord of the 
 Manor, we can't difcover. 
 
 Woodhead VMS formerly an Hamlet or 
 Chapelry belonging to this Town ; but 
 now is only one Houfe, and that in. 
 Ruins. In the iyth Year of King Ed- 
 ward I. the Lady Harrifon, Widow of 
 Robert de Greby, Lord of this Alanor, at 
 his Death, by Virtue of her Dower in 
 the Lands of the faid Robert, prefented 
 to this Chapel of Woodhead, the Profits of 
 which were at that Time found to 
 confift in the Tithes of Corn, Hay, 
 Wool, Lamb, Calves and Pigs, arifing 
 out of the Dem.cfnes of the Manor of 
 Wocdkcxdj and in all the Oblations of the 
 Family of the Lord of Woodkead, toge- 
 ther with one Bovate of Land. This 
 Manor alfo being the Eftate of John 
 Lord Hntf<:y, at the Time of his Execu- 
 tion, was confifcated with his other 
 Lands, and being in the King's Hands,, 
 his Colleftor in thofe Parts accounted 
 for the Farm and Capital Houfe of this- 
 Manor of WiodleaJ, Parcel of the Lands 
 of the faid Lord lluffey, then in Dcmife 
 to Ricbart NorJey for one and twenty? 
 Year*, by Indenture dated 14 
 
 Hen* V1IL iau she &usa 
 ounds^ 
 
 CJK
 
 CASTERTOX Parva is fuppofed, 
 when the great Survey, called Domefday- 
 Book, was made to be included either in 
 Great Cajlerton, or Toletborp, becaufe there 
 is no Mention made of it in that Record. 
 The bed Account that we have of it, 
 fince it became a feparatc Parifh, is, 
 That in the Reign 01 King Edward II. 
 the Prior of Newjled, or de novo loco, in 
 Lincolnjhire, was Lord of it, as the Prior 
 for the Time being was, till the Diflblu- 
 tion ; but Sir Thomas Burton, Knt. had 
 then confi derable Poflcflions in this 
 Place about the fame Time ; for in the 
 5oth Year of King Edward III. the faid 
 Sir Thomas did by his Deed, dated on the 
 Saturday next after the Feaft of St. Mar- 
 tin the Bifliop, convey unto John Brown 
 of Stamford, Efq; all his Lands, Tene- 
 ments, Rents and Services, in this Vil- 
 lage of Little Cajlerton, with the Rever- 
 fion of the Patronage of the Church 
 there ; from which John Brown is de- 
 fcended Cbriftcpber Brown, Efq; the pre- 
 fent Lord of this Manor. 
 
 Upon the Diflblution of the Abbey of 
 Newjled, this Manor was lodged in the 
 Crown ; and accordingly we find, that 
 iir the third Year of the Reign of King 
 Edward VI. the King's Bailiff, in thefe 
 Parts, accounted in the Court of Aug- 
 mentations, for the Sum of forty Shil- 
 lings, for the yearly Rent or Farm of 
 one Mefluage, with the Lands thereunto 
 belonging in Cajlerton parva, then in the 
 Tenure of Francis Brown, Efq; late Par- 
 cel of the Pofleffions of the diflblved 
 Priory of Newjled, and fixty Shillings 
 more for the Farm of one other Mefluage, 
 with the Lands thereunto belonging, 
 then in the Tenure of Robert jfobnfon, 
 Parcel of the Pofleffions of the faid Pri- 
 ory ; in all an hundred Shillings. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Re&o- 
 ry valued in the King's Books at 
 6 i \6 s. %d. In the Time of Oliver Sut- 
 ton, Bifhop of Lincoln (which was in the 
 Reign of King Edward I.) Sir Jolm Oke- 
 tcn and Alice his Wife, prefented William 
 Jfe Emplngbam, Clerk, to the Church of 
 Little Cafterton, having recovered the 
 Prefentation to this Church out of the 
 Hands of the Prior of Neivfled sear 
 
 7) S H I R E. 555 
 
 Stamford in Lircolrfiire. The prcfent Pa- 
 tron is Cbrijlopber Brown, Efq;, In this 
 Church is a Grave-ftone thus engraved * 
 Here lieth Thomas Burton, Knt. "hereto- 
 fore Lord of Tolethorp, and Patron of- 
 that Church, and Margaret his Wife on 
 his left Hand, on whofc Souls let th 
 Lord have Mercy. Amen. 
 
 EMPINGHAM, the moft Weftcrn 
 Town in this Hundred. At the Time of 
 the Taking of the General Survey, tin'g 
 Manor was held by Gilbert de Gan'd. In it 
 then were reckoned four Hides of Land, 
 of which three were held in Demcfne : The 
 Arable contained 1 8 Carucates, or Plough- 
 lands, and four Carucates in Demefnc, 
 together with eight Servants, and twenty- 
 five Villains, who had four Carucates. 
 There were alfo at the fame Time five 
 Mills rented at two and forty Shillings 
 and eight Pence, and ten Acres of 
 Meadow. There was alfo at that Time 
 a Wood, containing one Quarantene of 
 Furlong in Length, and ten Perches in 
 Breadth, all which together at thai: 
 Time, were valued at ten Pounds. The 
 fame Gijlibert held alfo in the Town fe- 
 ven Hides and an half, and one Bovatet 
 of Land, of the King's Soke of Rutland^ 
 & dlcit Regemfuum admonitum ejfe. Th? 
 Arable Land was fifteen Carucates, 
 which were held at that Time by four- 
 teen Sockmen, and fifty-one Villains* 
 There were alfo in the fame Tenure fiv$ 
 Mills, yielding the Rent of twenty- 
 four Shillings, as alfo ten Acresof Mea- 
 dow, and ten Acres of Wood, all then 
 valued at eight Pounds. 
 
 At the fame Time Salfredut held of 
 William Peurel, two Hides and an half 
 in Emplngbam. The Arable Land was 
 four Carucates, and one was in Demefn$ 
 with one Servant and eight Villains an4 
 eight Bordarii .(of Cottagers) who had 
 one Carucate, and a Mill and a hal 
 of the Rent of twelve Shillings, with 
 four Acres of Meadow, and fix Acres o/ 
 Wood, all together of the Value of twenty 
 Shillings. Ed-vardus &* Fregis tenrterujt$ 
 cum Saca & Soca. By all which it apj* 
 pears that this Town was in that Age, 
 much bigger and more considerable than 
 it is now. 
 A a a a t Not
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 Not long after the Conqncft, the Nor- 
 tnanvilles became Lords of this Town, 
 and Normonton in this County. This Fa* 
 inily was of eminent Note in thefe 
 Times for military Service; for our 
 Hiftories tell us, that about the later 
 End of King joins Reign, Ralph de 
 Normanville, was fent by the King \vitn 
 Forces for the Defence of Keniltvorth- 
 Caflte in Warwickshire, again ft the rebel- 
 lious Barons of thofe Times; and again, 
 in the Reign of the fame King, the faid 
 Ralph de Normanville paid fixty Mrks, 
 one Dextrarium (/. e. an Horfe fit for the 
 great Saddle) and on Palfrey, for the 
 Farm of the County of Rutland, and for 
 enjoying free Warren in his Lands at 
 Empingham. He was High Sheriff of this 
 County, from the fifth -Year of the faid 
 King to the twelfth. Again, in the 
 fifth Year of King Henry III. the King 
 dire&ed his Precept to Hugh de Nevilj 
 commanding him forthwith to deliver to 
 Ralph de Nirmanvltte, out of his Bayli- 
 va'ike of the Foreft of Cl've, fix Oaks, and 
 fix Furchias, (i.e. Forks, or rather Beams) 
 for the Building of a certain Hall at 
 <AtnpHngham. Tkomat de NormaxviHe was 
 the Heir of this Ralph, who died 4.3 
 Henry HI. He left only one Daughter 
 and Heir Margaret, who became the 
 "Wife firft of Edmund de Pa/eley, and then 
 of Wlttiam de Bajtngt, and carried this 
 Manor into the Family of this laft ; 
 for he died pofTcfled of it in the ninth of 
 "Edward II. This William was one of thofe 
 eminent Perfons in this County, who 
 was fummoned by the King's Writj 
 29 Ediv> I. to attend him at Berwick upon 
 Tweed, well fitted with Horfe and Arms, 
 to march from thence with him againft 
 the Scots, then in Arms, and molclhng 
 the Borders. 
 
 But in the Reign of King Edward I. 
 'Anno i a. Edmund de Yajfehy. being then 
 Lord of this Manor, in Right of Mar- 
 garet his Wife, obtained a Grant of that 
 King to hold a Market in this Town, on 
 Tiurfday weekly, and a" Fair every Year 
 upon the Eve, Day and Morrow of St. 
 Sototyh, viz. I 7 May- Nijl Mercatum illud 
 & feria ilia ft *A. Nocumetitum Viewer um 
 
 Mercatorum & Vicinarum feriarum, to be 
 continued for ever in the Heirs of the 
 faid Margaret, which Grant was dated 
 at York 25 Novemb. n Ed<w. I. How long 
 this Fair and Market was upheld in this 
 Town, we can't find ; but there are at 
 prefent no Footfteps of them, they have 
 been fo long difufed. 
 
 Sir Thomas de Normanvile above-men- 
 tioned, who was the laft Heir Male of 
 that Family, being a Perfon of fingular 
 Piety, obtained a Grant of Benedict de 
 Grave/end, then Bifliop of.Linrchi, dated 
 iaya, 56" Hen. III. to have divine Ser- 
 vice celebrated in his own private Chapel 
 here at Empingham, which Deed, becanfe 
 it fliews at large upon what Conditions,, 
 and with what Reftri&ions fuch private 
 Oratories were allowed in ancient Times, 
 we have thought it convenient to recite 
 the chief. Heads of it, viz- 
 
 i. That?this Grant was made with the- 
 full Aflent and Confent of the Incumbent 
 of the Parifh Church, and that it. was. 
 intended, and fhould be for the Ufe 
 only of the faid Sir Thomas NormanviKe 
 and his Heirs, their Wives, and their 
 own Family, without the Ringing of a 
 Bell, cum fola, Pants & Aqua. Bene- 
 diflione. 
 
 z. That the Chaplain of th faid 
 Chapel, before he entreth upon his Of- 
 fice, fhall make his Corporal Oath to 
 the Incumbent of the Parifli Church,, 
 fajthfully and truly to deliver over = to 
 the faid Incumbent, his Vicar or Sub- 
 ftitute, all fuch Oblations and Obven- 
 tions, and all other Profits that fliall 
 come to his Hands, within three Days 
 after he has received the fame. 
 
 3. That the faid Chaplain fliall make 
 the like Oath, not to adminifter the, 
 Eucharift, or any other Sacrament in 
 the faid Chapel, to the Prejudice of the- 
 Mother-Church, or any other neigh-, 
 bouring Church ; but that he /hall and 
 will fend all fuch as defire the fame, as 
 well thofe of the faid Knight's Family, 
 as others (except fuch only as lie at tha. 
 Point of Death) to their Mother-Church 
 to.receivc them. 
 
 4v Tka? .
 
 R U TL A N 
 
 4. That the faid Knight, his Heirs, and 
 Family, during their Refidcnce at Em- 
 tinham, fhall be bound to refort to the 
 Mother Church to hear Divine Service, 
 as the reft of the Panflnoners do on 
 certain Days, viz. Cbrijlmas-'D*y, tie Pun- 
 Cation of the Virgin Mary, Ajb-wednefday, 
 Palm-Sunday, EaJ}er-Eve, EaJler-Vay, A- 
 fcenf on-Day, Whitfunday, AU Saintt, the 
 Munition of tie Virgin Mary, and the 
 Dedication of their Church, unlcfs hin- 
 dred by Sieknefs, ill Weather, or other 
 reafonable Impediment. 
 
 5. That if the faid Knight, or his 
 Heirs, with their Families, be abfent 
 from his Manor for the Space of one 
 Month, Divine Offices fhall ceafe in the 
 faid Chapel till his Return ; and when 
 they are ufed they fhall be celebrated 
 fooner than at the Mother-Church, that 
 this private Service may be as little Im- 
 pediment as may be to the Publick. 
 
 6 That the faid Knight, his Heirs and 
 Succeffors, for themfelves and their 
 Wives, fhall be fworn to obferve thefe 
 Iniunaions, fo long as they enjoy the 
 faid Chapel, renouncing all royal Pro- 
 hibitions and Privileges to the contrary - ; 
 and that they and their Chaplain fhall 
 always fubmit themfelves to the Junf- 
 diaion of the Bifhop of Lincoln, the. 
 Dean aad Chapter of Lincoln, and^the 
 Prebendary of Etnpingbam, for the Time 
 being. 
 
 In later Times we find by the Ac- 
 counts of the King's Receiver, ftittpre- 
 fcrved in the Office of Augmentations, 
 and given in the third Year of King 
 Edward VI. That there is .mentioned,. 
 amonCT other Rents and Profits, two Shil- 
 Hnos and eight Pence, for the Rent of 
 two Acres of Land, called Coblers-Croft, 
 or Le Chapel-Croft, lying in the South 
 Field of Empingbam, given for the Mam- 
 tenance of one Lamp in the Panih- 
 Church there, and then in the Tenure 
 of Anne Mackwortb, Widow. As alfo for 
 two Shillings Rent, iffmng out of_the 
 Tenement of Francis Mackwortb, Efq; 
 frtuate in the Middle of the faid Town, 
 a ,x\ then in the Tenure of TNMNM Ex- 
 
 D SHI R E. 557 
 
 ton, which faid Tenement, in Times- 
 paft, by Cuftom, ufed to find at the fe- 
 cond Mafs in the Morning on Cbriflmtu- 
 Day, one Torch and five Pence in Mo- 
 ney, which, by the Confent of the Pa- 
 riftiioners there, was afterwards changed 
 irto the nbove-fai d Rent of two Shil- 
 lings per Ann. It alfo further appeareth, 
 that in the fecond Year of Queen EliiA- 
 betb's Reign, Frauds Mtukwortb, Elq;- 
 above-mcntioned, held certain Lands in 
 Empingbam and Hardwick, of the yearly 
 Value of forty- three Pounds, of the 
 Lord Berkley, by Knight's Service ; and 
 that George Afackwortb was his Son and 
 Heir, which George was the great Grand- 
 father of Sir Tbomat Mackwortb^ Bar. 
 who is, or late was, the Lord of this Ma-- 
 nor, which he enjoys by Inheritance, 
 from the before -mentioned Ralpb de ffor- 
 ruanville, who died in the 43 d Year oF 
 Kin Henry III. fo that this Eftate hath 
 continued in the fume Blood, though not 
 in the fame Name, above four hundred 
 Years, This Family of Mackwortb is one- 
 of the moft ancient and confiderable in 
 this County ; for we find them from the 
 Reign of King Edward IV. to this Time, 
 either Sheriffs or Knights of the Shire 
 for this County. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, va- 
 lued in the King's Books at ;/. 141. S/. 
 the great Tithes being appropriated to 
 the Church of Lincoln, and conftituting a 
 Prebend there, called the Prebend of^ 
 Entpingbam, which is alfo valued in the 
 King's Books at 15 /. 6s. $J. which 
 Tithes King Henry I. gave and confirmed 
 with certain Lands in this Parifh, to 
 the Church of Lincoln, by the following 
 Charter. Henricus Rev Anglorttm J; Comiti 
 Qf>- Httgoni Vtce-CnKtti, &>c. *Y e. Henry,. 
 King of England^ to $. the Sheriff, and 
 Hugb the Under-Shertff, and to all his^ 
 Lords in Northampton false , greeting. 
 Know y$, that I have given and grafted 
 to the Church of St.. Mary at Lincoln, 
 and to Robert de Cbemty Bifliop of Lin- 
 . coin, the Church of Empingbam, and 
 thofe thiree Bovates of Land, which 
 Gijltbert de Gand gave in free Alms ; and 
 I .\vili and command, tha.tths faid Church-
 
 RUT LA NT) S HIRE. 
 
 do quietly enjoy them with all their 
 Privileges ; and if the Earl of On mall 
 deprive them of the Poflfeflion, then I 
 command, that the Abbot of Cambray 
 do immediately recover the Pofleffion. 
 Witnefs Osbcrt, the Under-Sheriff at 
 Brampton. 
 
 The Prefenution to the Vicarage was 
 in the zpch Year of King Henry III. in 
 the Archdeacon of Northampton, who 
 then prcfented to it, as belonging to the 
 Prebend of Empingbjm, of which the 
 Prebendary, for the Time being, hath 
 prcfented to it ever fincc. Mr. Henry "Fofter 
 of Tbijtletcre, (who died 50 Aug. 1702, 
 *tat. 91.) did, by his laft Will and Tefta- 
 mcnt, give and grant a confiderable E- 
 ftate, lyi^g in Stginfhfad and Buckmin- 
 Jler, in the County of Lincoln, for chari- 
 table Uies; and, among others, ten 
 Pounds /> Ann. for the Augmentation 
 of the Vicarage in this Place, to be 
 paid half yearly, to the Vicar for the 
 Time being, for ever ; and moreover 
 hath given ten Pounds per Ann. to the 
 School-matter of Empingham, for the 
 Time beir.g, to teach fuch poor Chil- 
 dren of this Parifh, whofe Parents are 
 not able to give them an Education in 
 Learning, to read the Bible in Englijb, 
 and repeiit the Catechifm ufed in the 
 Church of England, appointing the Jufti- 
 ces of Peace of the County, and their 
 Succefibrs, Commiflioners in Truft, for 
 applying the Rents of the faid Eftates 
 to the UTes above-mentioned. And there 
 is Reafon to hope, that when the Taxes 
 are abated, the Portion to the Vicar of 
 this Place, and fome others in this 
 County, hereafter- mentioned, will a~ 
 mount to twelve Pounds a Year, the E- 
 ftate being capable of Improvement. 
 
 ESSEN DEM, or Ezsnden, a Village 
 lying in the re oft Northern Part of the 
 Hundred, of which Domefday-Book gives 
 this Account: In Ezenden, Walteriuf holds 
 of the BiPnop of Lincoln, one Hide of 
 Land, fix Carucates of Arable, and two 
 Carucates in Dcmefric, with one Servant, 
 and the Bordarii poiTcfling four Caru- 
 catcs. Here was at that Time a Mill of 
 fix teen Shillings, and three Acres of 
 
 Meadow, a Wood fix Furlongs in Length, 
 and four in Breadth, all together then, 
 worth five Pounds. Bardi tenttit cum Saca 
 & Soca. How this Bardi was related to 
 the old Saxon Barons of EJfenden, we 
 can't difcoyer ; but we read, that when 
 the "Danes invaded England, about the 
 Year 1016, the then Baron of Effenden^ 
 with the Men of Stamford, gave them 
 Battle near that Town, and beat them 
 back for a Time. 
 
 The Lord of this Manor, in the Reign 
 of King Henry II. was William de Bnffew t 
 who married Rohejia, the Daughter and 
 Coheir of Baldwin, Son of Gilbert de 
 Gant, Earl of Lincoln, and Baron of 
 Bourn. He died about the gift Year of 
 King Henry II. and it was found by In- 
 quifition, that Rohefia his Widow was at 
 the King's Difpofal; that fhe was fixty 
 Years of Age ; that her Land in Iffende* 
 was of the Value of ten Pounds; that 
 her Stock was three Ploughs, and an 
 hundred Sheep ; that within 8 Years flie 
 had received from the Profits of her 
 Woods, ten Marks, and of her Courts, 
 ten Shillings ; and that flie had two 
 Daughters for her Heirs ; the one of 
 which was married to Hugh de Wake ; 
 and the other to John de Bully. Robe/la 
 de Bujfeiv the Mother, was a Woman of 
 a devout Difpofition, and gave by her 
 Deed, to the Monks of St. Andrew's at 
 Northampton, eighteen Acres of Land of 
 her Dcmefne, with the Tithes of certain 
 Affarts or Inciofures in Etfenden, in per- 
 petual Alms, in the fame Manner as 
 they hold the Chapel, with all the 
 Tithes of the faid Town, quitting and 
 difcharging by the fame Deed the faid 
 Monks, and all their Men, from all Ex- 
 aftions relating to any Harveft-Works, 
 or as it is exprefled in the Deed, ad 
 Colligendas Meffes. 
 
 After the Death of Rohefia the Mo- 
 ther, the above-mentioned J-obn de Bw/- 
 ly became Lord of this Manor, in the 
 Right of his Wife, who, at his Death 
 left only one Daughter Idonea, who was 
 his folc Heir. She, about the I3th Year 
 of King Join's Reign, became the Wife 
 of Robert d Veteri Pcnte, or Vipwt, here- 
 ditary
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 559 
 
 ditary Sheriff of Wejlmorland, whofe Son 
 of the fame Name had I flue two Daugh- 
 ters, who were his Coheirs, viz. IfabeUa, 
 married to Robert de Clifford ', and Idonea, 
 married to Roger de Leibourn ', and after 
 his Death, to John Lord Cromwell; to 
 which laft Husband and her felf, and 
 their Heirs, King Ed-ward II. Reg. 2. 
 granted Liberty of free Warren in this 
 their Lordmip, and feveral others at 
 that Time in their Pofleflion. But this 
 Lady Idonea dying about the 8th Year of 
 King Ed-ward III. this Manor, upon her 
 Death, pafled to Edward de Spenfer, 
 Grandfon to Hugh de Spenfer, Jun. who 
 fuffered Death the 20 th of King Ed- 
 ward II. 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward IV. this 
 Manor of Ezenden was in the Pofleflion of 
 Richard Neyil Earl of Warwick, in Right 
 of Anne his Wife, Daughter, and at 
 length Heir to Richard Eeauchantp Earl 
 of Warwick, and Ifabel his Wife, Daugh- 
 ter and Heir of Thomas Lord de Spenfer, 
 Grandfon of the above mentioned Ed- 
 ward de Sper.fer. By Richard Nevill's Op- 
 pofition to King Edward IVth's Accef- 
 fion to the Throne, in Earnet Field, 
 where he was flain, his Eftate and La- 
 dy's were feized by that King, and fet- 
 tled on his Daughters by Parliament, 
 whom he married to his Brothers, George 
 Duke of Clarence, and RLhard Duke of 
 Glocejter. King Henry VII. reftored her 
 Eilate to ^wweCountefs of Warwick, who, 
 after her Decafe, fettled it on the fame 
 King and his Heirs Male, to whom be- 
 ing come, King Henry VIII. Reg. $6> fold 
 it, as Parcel of the Earl of Warwick's 
 Land, to Richard Cecil, Yeoman of the 
 Wardrobe to the King, whofe Son Wll- 
 Ttam being afterwards a Perfon of great 
 Learning, fingular Judgment, admira- 
 ble Moderation, and comely Gravity, 
 came to be the chiefeft Statefman of 
 the Age wherein he lived ;. and was by 
 Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 15. advanced to 
 the Degree an-d Dignity of a Baron of 
 this Realm, by the Title of LorJ Eur- 
 Ififrh, and in the fame Reign inftalled 
 Knight of the Garter.. He died in the ^oth 
 Year of Q^Etiz. Relgn,,and left two-ons> 
 y who, after his Dcath> became 
 
 Lord Burleigh, who was by K. jfamcs ! 
 Reg. 3. created Earl of Exeter, as his Pofte- 
 ri ty remain ^and Robert, who was one of the 
 principal Secretaries of State in Queen 
 Eliz/tbeth's Reign, Anno 38. and in King 
 James IlVs Reign, Anno i. created Loru 
 Cm/ of Effendon in this County, and foon 
 after Vifcount Cranburne and Earl of 
 Salisbury, as his Pofterity Hill continue 
 to be. 
 
 The Church here is a Chapelry, of 
 which we have this Account only : That 
 about the later End of the Reign of K. 
 Henry II. Baldwin Eueloth, who had mar- 
 ried Rohejla, the Widow of William de 
 Bujfey, or BttJJew, with the Confent of 
 his W ife, and the Heirs of the faid Wil- 
 liam de BuJJey, did give and grant in per- 
 petual Alms, to the Monks of St. Andrew 
 in Northampton, twelve Acres of Land 
 in his Demefnes in E/enden, in Con fide- 
 ration of which, the laid Monks obliged 
 themfelves to find a Chaplain to redds 
 continually in EJJenden, and to fupply 
 the Cure of the Chapel there. 
 
 HARD WICK was formerly a Vil- 
 lage, tho' now it is the Name only of 
 certain Grounds adjoining to Empiffgbarrtf 
 with which Town it was, without Doubt, 
 furveyed as a Member of the fame, at the 
 Time when the Norman Survey was 
 made; for it is not found in Domcfday- 
 Book. 
 
 Witiiam de Eafings, who was Lord of 
 Empingham, in the ninth Year of Kin^ 
 Edward II. was Lord of this Village alfo 
 at that Time ; and from him both the 
 faid Manors are pafled to the Family of 
 Mackworthsj who now enjoy them, fjjn 
 da Bafingi was High Sheriff of this Coim- 
 ty, in the $d Vcar _of K. Richard I?'_ 
 and his Anceitor William de Bajiv? t : t ^^ 
 Knight of the Shire for this County, in 
 the id Year of King Edward IL His- 
 Name is fa 1 fly printed, in our Catalogues 
 of the Knights of the Shire fci' this Coun- 
 ty, B.tJIggs for Biijzngs* 
 
 HOK.V, of old, a Town and Piirifh, 
 but no\v only the Name of certain 
 Grounds, and a Sine-cure in tias Him- 
 clrec 3 . Wiien the great Survey^ calijJ'' 
 Do me fu ay- Boole, was maclc, the Bilbo^ 
 cf Dw'kAw held ;\vo Hide$ of the King- 
 
 '
 
 RUfLJN&SHIRE. 
 
 in this Place, four Curates of Arable, 
 and one in Demefne, to which belonged 
 one Sockman, a Pried, twelve Villains, 
 feven Bovd^rii, and one Servant, who 
 bad-four Carucates. Here were alfo at 
 that Time three Mills of twenty Shil- 
 lings, and a Wood of one Furlong and 
 -twelve Perches in Length, and feven- 
 teen Perches "broad, all together valued 
 at four Pounds. Langfer tenult de Rege E. 
 ^ am SAC A & Soca. At .the fame Time 
 Grimbaldus held of the Countefs Judith 
 one Hide in Horn, two Carucates of Ara- 
 ble, and one in Demcfne, two Servants, 
 ftp dttA *jtcill<e, nine Villains, and four 
 -Bordarii, who had two Carucates. Here 
 was alfo in this Tenure a Mill of four 
 Shillings and eight Pence, all anciently 
 valued at twenty Shillings, but at that 
 .Time at thirty Shillings. 
 
 In thewinth Year of King Ed-ward II. 
 Allan** Trankton and William de Bafings 
 were Lords of Horn ; but in the Reign 
 -of Queen Mary I. Sir John Harrington, 
 Knf. was in Pofleflion of two Parts of 
 this Manor, and divers other .Lands in 
 How, which he held of'that Queen in 
 Capite, by Knight's Service, together 
 with feveral other Eftates in this Coun- 
 ty, and James Harrington was his Son 
 and Heir. In this honourable Family of 
 the Harringtons this Manor of Horn con- 
 tinued, till in the Reign of King Jamet 
 .!. the Sifters and Coheirs of John, the 
 1aft Lord Harrington of "Exton, conveyed 
 the fame to Sir Bapti/l Hicks, whole 
 Daughter and Coheir Julian married to 
 Edward Lord Noel, and brought this and 
 other Eftates into that honourable Fa- 
 mily, where it remains at this Day. 
 
 Hornfield, in the King's Books, is de- 
 Scribed, Ecclejia modo devajlatn, i. e. a 
 'Church lately deftroyed,but valued there 
 .at if. 6s. %d. Sir John Hamby, Knt. 
 ;prefented William de Dembleby, his Clerk, 
 fto it, in the ipth Year of King Henry 
 111. but in the following Reign, viz* 330 
 Year of King Edward I. Richard de Sey- 
 .fon, Son of Richard, prefented to this 
 ^Church of Horn Roger Bwoile of Seyton t 
 but it proved a conteftablc Prefcntation ; 
 fcfor Allanui He Frankton prefented William 
 Jc Hoiojt to the &oie Church by another 
 
 Title, ' but upon the Inquiry into If, 
 it was not found valid ; for the faid Ri- 
 chard recovered the Prefentation, and 
 had his Clerk admitted. The Patron of 
 this Sine-cure, at this Time, is the Right 
 Honourable the Earl of Gainsborough. 
 
 INTHORPE, or Ingthorp, is a fmall 
 Hamlet in the Parifh. of Tinivell The 
 Abbot of Peterborough was Lord of Tinwell 
 and Ingihorp, in the ninth Year of King 
 Edward II. 
 
 K E T T o N is a fmall Village, fituate 
 upon a Rivulet that runs into the Wei- 
 land near Tineivell. It was, at the Time 
 of the Survey made by the Conqueror, 
 held by the King, who at that Time had 
 in it feven Hides, thirteen Carucates of 
 Arable Land, and two Carucates in De- 
 mefne, three Servants, twelve Sockmen, 
 twenty-five Villains, and five Bordarii t 
 with a Prieft, who together had eleven 
 Carucates. Here was alfo one Mill of 
 fix Shillings and eight Pence, forty 
 Acres of Meadows, and a Wood con- 
 taining fixteen Acres. To this Manor 
 Tixover belonged at that Time, both 
 which Towns were then valued at ten 
 Pounds ; but formerly in the Time of 
 Edward the Confeffbr, at an hundred 
 Shillings, or five Pounds only. 
 
 Richard de Humet, who was one of the 
 Witnefles to the Accord made between 
 King Stephen and King Henry II. as foon 
 as this later came to the Crown, was in 
 Consideration of his many good Services 
 done for that Prince, firft made Confta- 
 ble of Normandy, and then had a Grant 
 of the Lordfhip of Stamford, (both Caftle 
 and Borough) excepting the Services to 
 be paid to the Abbot ot Peterborough^ 
 and William Lanvallei. He alfo had a 
 Grant about the fame Time of this Ma- 
 nor, and fome others in other Counties, 
 all which Eftates, together with the Of- 
 fice -of the Conftable of Normandy, the 
 faid King confirmed to his Son William 
 de Humet, foon after the Death of the 
 faid Richard his Father; and 'tis faid, 
 that King John made him Juftice of 
 England. This Richard de Httmet was 
 Sheriff or Cxftos of this County, from the 
 tenth Year of King Henry II. to the 
 stfth Year of the fame King, being tho 
 
 "firft.
 
 firft, fo far as we obferve, that bore that Henry Fojler of Tbi/leton, by his la ft Will 
 
 Office for this County. and Teitament, gave an annual Rent of 
 
 Ralph de Grenehant was Lord of this ten Pounds a Year to this Vicarage, out 
 
 Manor, in the ninth of King Edward II. of his Etlate at Swinfied and Buckmin- 
 
 but in the 1 8th Year of the fame Reign, fter in Lincolnjhire, fo fettled for that 
 
 Thomas, the Son of the faid Ralph, had "End, as is above-mentioned in Emping- 
 
 Livery of a certain Manor in Ketton, harn. 
 
 which the faid Ralph deceafed did hold The Buildings of this Church hap- 
 
 of John L'Eftrange, late under Age, and pening to be very ruinous in the Reign 
 
 in the King's Cuftody, by the Service of of King Henry III. Hugh de Wells being 
 
 the fourth Part of a Knight's Fee. Here then Bilhop of Lincoln, granted by his 
 
 is a certain Rent ftill paid annually, and 
 colle&cd by the Sheriff, of two Shillings 
 a Year, pro Ocrets Regine, of the Inhabi- 
 tants of this Town. What is meant by 
 Ocreis Reginf, which in our modern 
 The Queen's Boots, we do 
 
 Deed, dated 5 Aug. in the 23d Year of 
 his Confecration, a Releafe of twenty- 
 Days Penance to all thofe that fhould 
 contribute any Thing to the Building or 
 Reparation or this Church of the Blefled 
 
 Englifi is, The Queen's Boots, we do not Mary of Ketton ; which had fo good an 
 determine, becaufe Antiquity hath made 
 
 them unintelligible to us 
 
 The Manor of this Town was in the 
 Reign of Kins, Henry VIII. in the Crown, 
 and was by that Prince given to James 
 Gunter, Gent, and his Heirs, with a 
 Refervation of a yearly Rent or Tenth 
 of ii s. id. out of the fame, to be paid 
 yearly at Michaelmas', but the faid 
 James kept it not long; for in the 37th 
 Year of the fame King, he obtained a 
 Licenfe to alienate all that his Manor of 
 Ketton, with the Appertinances, and all 
 that his Grange, caned Kitlethorp-Grange 
 in Rutland, to Sir James Harrington and 
 his Heirs, who, for ought we know, are 
 ftill in Pofleffion of it. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 8 Pounds ; 
 and the great Tithes are appropriated to 
 the Church of Lincoln, in which they 
 conftitute a Prebend, called the Prebend 
 of Ketton, valued in the King's Books at 
 29 /. 10 s. zd. As to the Supply of this 
 Church, with a fuitable Miniiler to per- 
 form the Service of God in it, it was 
 ordained by Oliver Sutton, Biftiop of Lin- 
 coln, 7 Ed<w. I. That the Vicar of the 
 Church of Ketton fhould provide fit and 
 proper Minifters in the faid Church of 
 Ketton and Chapel of Tirhefiuere, for which 
 he fhould recover of the Prebendary of 
 Ketton the Sum of twenty Marks Ster- 
 ling, yearly ; but this not being a fuf- 
 cient Maintenance for a Minifter, Mr. 
 
 Effeft, that by the Contributions of the 
 pious Chriftians of that Age, the Church 
 was new built, and is doubtlefs the 
 fame that is now (landing, the neateft 
 Parim-Church in all thefe Parts for 
 Defign and Structure, having the Form 
 of a little Cathedral, as if it were in- 
 tended an Epitome of the Mother-Church 
 of Lincoln, being litrle lefs beautiful than 
 that. In the Church- Wall near the Chan- 
 cel is a Monument dated 1594, for Ferdi- 
 nando Caldecote, who left 12 Children, 
 Sons and Daughters of equal Number ; 
 and in the Chancel an ancient Monu- 
 ment for Robert Wbithye, once a Preben- 
 dary of Ketton, without Date. 
 
 PICK WORTH was formerly a Town 
 and Parifh, but there remains nothing 
 of it at this Time but a Steeple, called 
 by the Name of Mock-Beggar. There i* 
 no Mention of it in Domefday-Book, 
 becaufe it was then (as is thought) an 
 Hamlet belonging to fome of the adjoin- 
 ing Parifhes, but to which of them we 
 do not particularly know. Nor do we 
 find any Mention of it in our Hiftorie* 
 or Records, till the ninth Year of King 
 Edward II. when Roger de Geneye is faid 
 to have been Lord of Pickworth, and 
 being fuch, was fummoned by King 
 Ed-ward I. Reg. 29. to attend him at 
 Barwick, well fitted with Horfe and 
 Arms to march againft the Scots. In his 
 Family this Manor continued, till the 
 Reign of King Henry VI. when John Ge- 
 B b b b
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 ney, or de Gyneto, Knt. then Lord of this 
 Manor, did by his Teftament, dated on 
 the Fcaft of St. Hilary the Confeflor, 
 Anno Domini 1422, bequeath his Body to 
 be buried among the Friars Augujlines 
 at Norwich, near the Sepulchre or Roger 
 his Son ; and by the fame Will deviled 
 his Manor of Pickworth in this County, 
 to be fold by his Executors prefently af- 
 ter his Death, to Sir Henry Inglofe, Knt. 
 for a thoufard Marks of Silver, which 
 Will was proved 5 Novemb. Anno Domini 
 
 1433- 
 
 Sir Henry Inglofe being accordingly pof- 
 
 fcfled of this Lordihip, made his Will 
 ao Jan. Anno 1451, and by the fame or- 
 dered his Bcdy to be buried in the Pres- 
 bytery of the Priory of St. Faith's at 
 Eorjbam in Norfolk, near Amida his W r ife ; 
 and to the Prior and Canons of Ing- 
 ham in the faid County of Norfolk, he be- 
 queathed 20 Shillings ; to his Son Henry, 
 all his Sheep at Afily in Suffolk/, to his 
 Son RdertyOr.Q Balon and Ewrc of Silver, 
 *Vt but as to this Manor of Pick-worth, 
 he ordered ir to be fold ; which Will 
 was proved i4th July 1451, 29 Hen. VI. 
 but to whom it was fold, and what 
 Owners it had in the following Reigns, 
 we can't difcover, till the Time of King 
 Henry VIII. when this Lordihip came in- 
 to the Pofleflion of Sir J&n Hujfiy, the 
 firftand laft Baron of that Name, created 
 by that King, Reg. 22 and having been 
 concerned in the Commotion in Lincoln- 
 (hire, occasioned by the Afleflment of a 
 Subfidy, was executed at LinctJn for 
 High Trcafon, Reg. 2.8. 1537. He had 
 built himfelf a fair Seat at Sleford^ in the 
 County of Lincoln, and had been very 
 much enriched by the- King's Favours, 
 but upon his Death his whole Eftate 
 efcheated into the King's Hands, and 
 there remained feme Time ; for in the 
 :$.d Year of King Edward VI. that King's 
 Hailiff accounted in the Augmentation 
 Office for the Rents of PL-btverKh Infield 
 and Phkivorth-OniJield, then in the King's 
 Pofleflion, by reafon of the Attainder of 
 John Lord Hujfey, the Sum of 38 Pounds 
 7 Shillings and 4 Pence ; but his Manor 
 f Sleford, where his chief Refidencc 
 
 was, was granted by Archbifliop Cvan- 
 trier's Means to Richard Goodrick of London , 
 Efq; and Mary his Wife, in Fee. 
 
 There were anciently in this Manor 
 certain Lands belonging to the Monafte-- 
 ry of Ofivejlon in Leicejlerjbire, as appears 
 from the Accounts of the King's Recei- 
 ver for this County in 28 Hen. VIII. 
 wherein it is faid, that the faid Ac- 
 countant, among other Parcels of Land 
 belonging to the- faid Monaftery, did 
 receive the Sum of 13 Shillings and 4 
 Pence, for the Farm of one Pafture, cal- 
 led Abbots-Stocking, in the Fields of Pick- 
 worth in this County; and alfo of certain 
 other Lands, called- Withaw Pitts, with, 
 ft teen Acres of Land and Pafture, lately 
 demifed to Sir J,>hn Huffey, Knt. for fifty 
 Years, by Indenture under the Seal o 
 the Covent, dated the eleventh of Janu- 
 ary. t Anno Domini 1524, 15 Hen. VIII. 
 
 As to the Manor of this Town, we 
 have no certain Account how it was a- 
 lienated from the Crown, till the Reign 
 of King James I. Reg. 13. when it was- 
 found by an Inquifition taken at Okebam 
 22 March, in that Year, upon the Death 
 of John Lord Harrington the Elder, that 
 the faid Lord, among other Eftates, di- 
 ed poflefled of this Alanor of Pickivorth,. 
 alias Pickworth- Stocking, but dying with- 
 out Heirs, his great Eftatc parted to his 
 Sifter Lucy, who was married to Edward 
 Earl of Bedford, but proved fo profufcj 
 that fte fold all her own Eftate, and 
 Part of his, by which Means this Ma- 
 nor is now come into the Hands of the 
 Right Honourable the Earl of Exeter. 
 
 The Church here is a Retory, valued 
 in the King's Books at 4 Pounds. The 
 Advowfon was in the eleventh Year of 
 King Henry III. in William de Gyneto, who 
 in that Year prcfented to the Church of 
 Pilkewortb, and again in the nineteenth 
 Year of the fame King ; but in the Reign 
 of King Edward I. William the Son of 
 Thomas Deggeville, Clerk, was prefented 
 to this Church of Pilkeivorth, by Thomas, 
 then Lord of the Manor, moft probably 
 of the Family de Gyneto, becaufe in the 
 nineteenth Year of the fame King, Roger 
 de Gyneto prcfented, to the faid Church of 
 
 Pick-
 
 Village 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. <>6$ 
 
 There is a Sine-cure belonging Parliament, 1 5 Edw. II. But notwith~ 
 to this Church, of which the Earl of (binding this, the younger Spenfer ob~ 
 
 tained a formal Revocation of the for- 
 mer Sentence; and being more in Favour 
 than ever, obtained the Grants of many 
 new Honours and Eftates, and among 
 them, of this Manor of Ryhal, but was 
 foon after put to Death with his Father 
 as Traitors ; fo fatal was his Oppofitiotr 
 to the Authority of Parliament. 
 
 This Eftate being thus efcheated to 
 the Crown, Edmund Earl of Kent, fur- 
 
 Exeter is Patron. 
 
 RY H AL, or Ryal. 
 encompafled by the 
 which we find this 
 sifter of Peterborough Abbey. 
 
 almoft 
 Qua fry of 
 
 a 
 
 River 
 
 Account in the Re- 
 Gcdive, or 
 
 Godgive. a Widow, who was the fecond 
 Wife of Siward Earl of Northumberland, 
 gave for the Health of her Soul (by the 
 Confent of King Edward the Confeflbr) 
 the Manors of Righale and Belmefthorp, in 
 
 the County of Rutland, to the Abbey of named Edmund of Woodjlock, fecond Son 
 Peterborough; but after her Death, the to King Edward I. obtained a Grant of 
 faid Siward obtained the Lordfhip of this Manor of his Nephew King Edward 
 Righale, by an Agreement with the faid III. and died feizedofit ;but being found 
 Monks, to hold for his Life, and then guilty of endeavouring to rcftore his 
 to return to the Abbey. Siward died depofed Brother Edward II. to his Throne, 
 before the Norman Invafion, and this he was beheaded for Treafon at Winche~ 
 Manor became Part of the Pofleffions of per, in the 4th Year of King Edward 
 the Abbey of Peterborough ', but when the III. leaving Iflue Edward and John hij 
 Conqueror's Survey was taken, Judith, Sons; but both of them dying without 
 
 Iflue, Joan their Sifter, and then Wife* 
 of Sir Thomas Holland, was found their 
 next Heir, and carried it into his Fami- 
 ly. He died feized of this Manor, buc 
 Joan furviving him, married the Black 
 Prince, who enjoyed it during his Life; 
 but after her Deceafe, Thomas Holland* 
 her Son by her former Husband Sir Tho- 
 mas Holland, who had in her Right af- 
 
 Conqueror 
 
 Countefs of Huntington, (who had mar- 
 ried Waltheofy the Son of the above- 
 mentioned Siward Earl of Northumber- 
 land} held of the King one Hide and an 
 lialf in Righale, eight Carucates of Ara- 
 ble Land, with the Appertinances, and 
 one Carucate rnDemefne, four Servants, 
 ten Villains, and four Sockmen, pof- 
 felling four Carucates. Here alfo at 
 that Time were two Mills, rented at 
 26 Shillings, and a Wood of four Fur- 
 longs in Length, and two in Breadth. To 
 this Manor did Belmefthorp then apper- 
 tain, both being then valued at fix 
 Pounds per Ann. 
 
 This Lordfhip did once belong to Re- 
 ginald Earl of Bollen, but falling info the 
 King's Hands by his Death, King Henry 
 III. by his Charter dated at Abingdon, 
 3.2 Aug. Reg. ii. gave this Manor of 
 Rial! (this Claufe being inferted, Donee 
 illud Htredi ipjius Reginaldi reddiderimus} to 
 ~Hu0h Defpenfer, an eminent Baron in 
 thofe Days. His Grandfon, another 
 Hup.h, held this Lordfhip of the fame 
 King in- Fee-farm. He was the Father to 
 "Hugh Defpenfer Senior, who with his Son 
 
 fumed the Title of Earl of Kent, ob- 
 tained a fpecial Livery of all the Lands- 
 of his Mother's Inheritance, among 
 which this of Ryhal was. This Thomas 
 loft his Life in a Rebellion againft K.He- 
 ry IV. but his Brother Edmund, by Rea- 
 fon of an ancient Entail, fucceeded tcr 
 his Honour, and the greateft Part of hi 
 Eftate, in which this Manor was. He? 
 was flain at the Siege of Briack in Nor- 
 mnndy, and hisEftafe was divided among 
 feveral Heirs general ; but to which o 
 them upon the Partition this Manor fell, 
 we can't difcover. The prefcnt Lord of 
 this Manor is John Earl of Exeter. 
 
 Mr. Cambden obferves, that at this 
 Place, when Superftition had fo far be- 
 witched our Anceftors, that Saint- Wor- 
 
 Hugh, were the two great Favourites of fhip had almoft crowded out the Wor- 
 King Edward II. and for ill ufing their fhip of the true God; One Tibba, a Saint 
 Interests wish him, were banifhed by of the lefler Rank, was worfliipped here 
 
 t . by
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 by Falconers as a fecond Diana, and re- 
 puted the Patroncfs of Hawking. Mr. 
 Wright wonders upon what Authority 
 Mr. Cambden reports this, fince he fays, 
 'tis certain that this St. Tibba was a Vir- 
 gin Anchorefs at Godman-Chefter in H- 
 
 tingtonfilre, a Kinfwoman of fenda. King 
 of Merda, and lived about the Year 696, 
 being of fo great Reputation for her 
 Piety, that Michael Draiton, our hiftori- 
 cal Poet, enumerating the holy Women 
 in the Saxon Times; thus fpeaks of her: 
 
 -And to the Saint Tibba let us call 
 
 In Solitude to Chrift, that part her whole Delight 
 
 In GodmancbeAer made a conftant Anchorite ; 
 
 Amongft which of that Houfe for Saints that reckon'd be, 
 
 Yet never any one more graced the fame than fhe. 
 
 How this Charaer (adds Mr. Wright} 
 Agrees to Diana, and how St. Tibba came 
 from Godmaxchejler to be worshipped in 
 Rutland, I know not. The Author of 
 the Additions to Cambden taking Notice 
 of this Reflection, thus far vindicates 
 Mr. Cambden, as to Sr. T,bba's being 
 worshipped here, faying, We have the 
 Authority of the Saxon Annals, which 
 cxprefly tell us, that fhe was buried at 
 Rihala, now the fame as RyhaJ. And 
 that thofe Times had a great Veneration 
 for her, may be gathered from the 
 Circumftances there delivered ; for afrer 
 jEIfi came to be Abbot of Peterborough, 
 he took up the Body of the St. Kyneburge 
 and Cynefiuythe, and at the fame Time 
 the Body of St. Tibba, and carried them 
 all three to his Monaftery, where, in 
 one Day, he dedicated them to St. Pe- 
 ter, the Saint of his Monaftery. The 
 Family of the Eodenhams have, for fe- 
 deral Descents enjoyed a fair Freehold 
 Eftate in this Town of Ryhal, and are, 
 or lately were in Pofleflion of it. Of 
 this Family of Bodenham we find Sir Fran- 
 cis 'Bodenham, Knight of this Shire in the 
 firft Year of King Charles I. and Beau- 
 mont Bodenham, High Sheriff in the ipth 
 Year of King Charles It. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, valu- 
 ed in the King's Book at \^l. 17 j. od. 
 The Advowfon was in the 51!) Year of 
 KingEdward III. in the Gift of the Ab- 
 bey of St. Andrew at "Northampton, and 
 the Monks there, as we conje&ure ; for 
 John Bimop of Lincoln, did then certify, 
 tfiat the Vicarage of the Church of 
 l) (which wat at that Time appro- 
 
 priated to the Priory of St. Andrew's at 
 Northampton') did confift in the Tithes of 
 Wool, Milk, Lambs, Poultrey, Swine, 
 Geefe, Calves, Sheep, &*c. two Yard- 
 lands, Tithes of Hay, and Mills, and 
 in a Penfion of two Marks ; but to 
 whom it now belongs, we can't be in- - 
 formed. 
 
 TIKENCOTE, a fmall Village, of 
 which the Conqueror's Survey gives this- 
 Defcription : Grimbaldus held of the 
 Countefs Judith three Hides, bating one 
 ' Bovate in Tichecote, the Arable Land was 
 fix Carucates, and- one in Demefne, 
 eight Sockmen, twelve Villains, and 
 one Cottager, all of them poflefling five 
 Carucates. Here was one rented at 24,. 
 Shillings, and twelve Acres of Meadow, 
 formerly valued at thirty Shillings, and 
 then at fifty. 
 
 Britius Daneys, in the Reign of King 
 Edward II. was Lord of this Manor, 
 and was in the preceding Reign, one 
 of thofe eminent Perfons in this Coun- 
 ty, who had that King's Writ of Sum- 
 mons, 29 Edw. I. to attend him at 
 Berwick upon Tweed, well fitted with 
 Horfe and Arms, from thence to march 
 againft the Scots. Roger Daneys was his 
 Heir, and upon fome Considerations did 
 relcafe to Roland Daneys his Brother, and 
 to his Heirs, all his Right to this Manor 
 of Tikencote, and all fuch Lands and 
 Tenements as at any Time did belong to 
 his Father Bricitts Daneys in Empingham. 
 This Roland Daneys was a Perfon of Emi- 
 ncncy in his Times, for he was Kaight 
 of the Shire for this County in the 26th 
 and 2.8th Year of King Edward III. as
 
 R 
 
 L A N T> S H I R E. 
 
 vas his Son Sir John Daneys, in the 1 2th 
 of King Richard II. This Manor was 
 the Eftate of Roland Tkmefs't Poftcriry 
 for fome Succeflions; for TO Hen, 4. it 
 was found that John Daneys, Son of 
 John Daneys, held of the King the Ma- 
 nor of Jikencote in Rutlandshire, by the 
 Service of one Knight's Pee, and two 
 Garucates of Land, with the Appertinan- 
 ces in Horun or H:rn in the fame Coun- 
 ty f by the Service of one fixth Part of 
 a, Knight's Fee; but in After-times it 
 was alienated from this Family ; for 
 
 In the 5th Year of King Edward VI. 
 John Champynet and his Wire obtained a 
 Licence to alienate the Manor of T'lkcn- 
 cote in this County, to John Bevercots and 
 John Ftxfin, and their Heirs, to the 
 Ufe of the faid John Campynet, &>c. which 
 Manor was held of the King in Capite, 
 by Knight's Service. But of later 
 Time, a younger Branch of the Wing- 
 fields of "Upton in Northamptonshire, have 
 become Lords of this Manor, and have 
 for fome Succeflions had their Seat 
 here. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Recto- 
 ry, valued in the King's Books at fix 
 Pounds five Shillings and eight Pence. 
 The Advowfon was anciently in the Ab- 
 bot and Convent of Ofvejton in Leiceftev- 
 jhire ; for in the a8th of Edw. I. they 
 prefented to if, and Sir Briclus Daneys 
 pretending a Right to it, prefented Wil- 
 liam his Son, he being then Lord of the 
 Manor ; but he after revoked his Pre- 
 fentation. Who hath the Advowfon at 
 prefent, we are not informed* 
 
 T i N w E L t, a Village, the Lordflirp 
 of which did anciently belong to the 
 Church of St. Peter's de Burgh, or Pe- 
 terborough ; for at the Conqueror's Survey 
 it was found, that St. Peter de Burgh held 
 TedinheMe, in which are five Hides, and 
 one Yardland, eight Carucates of Ara- 
 ble, and two of Demefne, twenty-four 
 Villains, and eleven Bordarii, pofleffing 
 fevcn Carucates. Here were alfo tsvo 
 Mills rented at 14 Shillings, and twenty 
 Acres of Meadow, formerly valued at 
 10 Shillings, but at the Time of that 
 Survey at feven Pounds. This- Town 
 
 continued in the Pofleffion of that Ab- 
 bey till the Diifolution ; after which, 
 being vefted in the Crown, King /f- 
 ward VI. Reir. 7. granted his Letters Pa- 
 tents of Confirmation of this Manor of 
 Tintvell, and that of Worthorp in North- 
 amptcnjhire, (which had been formerly 
 granted to Richard Cecil and his Heirs) to 
 WiSiam Cecil, Knt. afterwards Lord Bur- 
 leighy to hold of the King in Capite, by 
 Knight's Service, at the yearly refervcd 
 Rent of three Pounds five Shillings and 
 feven Pence for a Tenth, payable at the 
 Feaft of St. Michael. It is now by fe- 
 veral lineal Defcents patted to the Earl 
 of Exeter, who is now Lord of this Ma- 
 nor and In thorp, which is a Village in. 
 this Parifh. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&cry, valu- 
 ed in the Kings Books at iz/. IQJ. $d. 
 In the Reign of King Henry IV. the Ad- 
 vowfon v;?.s in the Abbot of Peterborough', 
 for he, in the fourth Year of that King's 
 Reign, prcfenred Roger de Wells to the 
 Church of T'wxtil. After the Diffolu- 
 tion of the Abhies, it came with the Ma- 
 nor into the PofTcflion of the Cecils^ and 
 is now in the Patronage of the Earl of 
 Exeter. 
 
 In the Chancel of this Church there 
 are fevcral Monuments, but none of 
 Antiquity, c/z. near the Weft End of 
 the Chancel there is a plain Grave- 
 Itbne for William Robinfcn, Efq; who is 
 there defcribed to be a Perfon of Learn- 
 ing, Prudence, Piety, Wifdom, Gravi- 
 ty, and great Reading, much in Favour 
 with the- Nobility, who died Anna 1640, 
 ttat. 48. Another in the South Eaft 
 Angle of the Chancel for Elizabeth Cecil, 
 Daughter of David Earl of Exeter, who 
 was buried 15 Novetub. Anno 1638; and 
 near it one for Tlnmas Cecil her Brother, 
 fixth Son of the faid David Earl of Ex- 
 eter, who was buried 28 May 164.1. In 
 the South of the Chancel is alfo an 
 hand fome Monument erefted (but with- 
 out Date) to the Memory of Elizabeth,. 
 Daughter of Richard ' Cecil t Efq; and Si- 
 fter to William Lord Burleigh, with thr<-e 
 Efcutcheons on it,, one for her felf,. 
 and over it her Name ELIZABETH; 
 
 the
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 the other for her two Husbands, having 
 over the one jR. W. and over the other 
 JH. A. 
 
 TOLETHORP, a Town, which had 
 
 formerly a Chapel. In Domefday-Book 
 
 it is thus defcribed : William, the Son 
 
 .of Anfculfus, held half an Hide in Tole- 
 
 thorp, and four Carucates of Arable Land. 
 
 Rex Inde habet Soca, and one Carucate in 
 
 Demefhe, twelve Villains, and fifteen 
 
 Bordarii, having three Carucates. Here 
 
 "were four Mills of forty Shillings, and 
 
 .twenty Acres of Meadow held by eight 
 
 Sockmen, altogether formerly valued at 
 
 .but 40 Shillings, but at the Time of the 
 
 Survey at five Pounds. In \vhofe Pof- 
 
 . Jeffion this Manor was from this Time 
 
 to King Edward lid's Reign, we have 
 
 no certain Knowledge ; but then, Reg. 9. 
 
 we find that Nicholas Burton was Lord of 
 
 Tolethorp; and in the fucceeding Reign 
 
 it was the Seat of Sir William Burton, 
 
 Knt. one of the Juftices of the Kings 
 
 Bench, from the iyth Year of King 
 
 Edward Illd's Reign, to the 36th Year 
 
 of the fame King. He died in the 49th 
 
 Year of the fame King, and left Ifluc 
 
 i>y Eleanor his Wife, Sir Thomas Burton, 
 
 Knt. who departed this Life in the 8th 
 
 Year of King Richard JI. from him are 
 
 -defcended the Burtons 'of Stockerton in 
 
 JLeicejierJhire ', Okeham and Braunjion in 
 
 Rutlandjhire,a.s is more difrin&lyfliewnby 
 Mr. Wright in the Pedigree of that Fa- 
 mily.^ Addit. p. ii. and confirmed by 
 their 'Arms, which are S. a Cheveron 
 Argent between three Owls membred 
 and crowned Or. 
 
 But this Manor did not continue long 
 to be the Seat of the Burtons ; for the a- 
 bove-mentioned Sir Thomas Burton, did 
 by his Deed dated at Tolethorp, on Satur- 
 day next after the Feaft of St. Martin the 
 Bilhop, ii Nov. in the 5oth Year of K. 
 Edward III. convey to J-ohn Brown of 
 Stamford, Efq; this Manor of Tolethorp, 
 with all the Appertinances, and the per- 
 petual Advowfon of the Chapel of the 
 fame ; as alfo his Lands, Tenements, 
 Rents and Services in the Village of Little 
 Cajlhton, with the Reverfion of the Pa- 
 tronage of the Church there. 
 
 Of this Family of Browns have been 
 feveral Men of good Note in their Ge- 
 nerations ; as, I. Join Brown, Efq; who 
 lived in the Reign of King Henry VI. 
 and was a Commiffioner, returned to that 
 King, if not a Knight of the Shire for 
 the County. His Widow Agnes was a 
 great Benefa&refs, according to the 
 Cuftom of the Age fhe lived in, to All- 
 hallows Church in Stamford^ where fhe 
 lies buried by her Husband. Her Cha- 
 rities, as they were called, were thefe; 
 
 I 
 
 o 
 
 75 
 
 2. 
 
 'To the Mother Church of Lincoln 
 
 To the Church of Allkallows at Stamford, a Veftment worth an 
 To the Grey, Black, and Augujline Friars there, each of them 
 
 To the White Friars and Nuns, each of them . 
 
 To a Prieit to fing for her 1 5 Years continually 
 
 To the Church of Amtell in Bedfordjhire 
 
 'To every God-child that /he had 
 
 For a Veftment and Chalice to the Chapel, where her Husband 
 
 and ./he lies 
 
 JEor a Cloth of Silk and Gold to 'be carried over the Sacrament 
 
 on Palm-Sunday, in the Worftiip of it 
 
 for the Painting of the Tabernacle in Corpus Cbrifti Chapel, in 7 
 
 L Mary's Church at Stamford -* '. J 
 
 100 Marks. 
 
 13 
 o 
 
 34 
 
 4 Marks. 
 
 Cbrijlop'her Brown, the Son of this John Francis Brown, Son and Heir of the faid 
 ^,id Agnes. He came over with King Chrijlopher, a Charter of Exemption 
 Henry VII. and aflifted him againftKing from ferving upon any Jury whatfoever, 
 'Richard 111. and for his good Service in or in the Office of a Sheriff or Efchea- 
 fo doing, .King Henry VIIL granted Jo tor, granting alfo by the fame Deed to 
 
 th
 
 RU? 
 
 N 
 
 the faid Francis Brown, the Liberty and 
 Privilege to be covered in the Prefence 
 of him the faid King Henry VIII. his 
 Heirs, and all other great PeiTons both 
 Spiritual andTcmporal of this Kingdom ; 
 all which Immunities were granted to 
 him for the whole Term of his Life. 
 3.. William rrown, Brother of the above- 
 mentioned John Brcwn, and Uncle to 
 Ckriffophr, >' ho was a Merchant of the 
 Staple, He built in the Year 1493, 
 (8 Hen. VII.) the Old Eeadehcufe in 
 Stamford, for a Warden, Confrater, 
 twelve pcor old Men, and a Nurfe ; and 
 endowed the fame with the Manor of 
 Swayfeld in Lincohifoire, and with divers 
 Lands and Tenements clfewhere. He 
 alfo built at his own proper Colls and 
 Charges the beautiful Steeple, with a 
 ^reat Part of the Church of Allballows 
 at Stamford, in which Church he lieth 
 buried, after he had been twice Ai'der- 
 man of the Town, viz. in the Years 
 1466, and in 1470, This Family of the 
 Browns ftill are, or late were pefleffed of 
 this Manor, and had their Seat here. 
 Thefe are all the Towns and Villages 
 of which we have met with any remark- 
 able Matter in this Hundred. Our Vll- 
 Jares mention two or three Villages, viz. 
 St. Botolph's, EajtlBoad and Fritbzvccdy. as 
 belonging to this Hundred ; but we ob- 
 ferve nothing more of them) and fo pro- 
 ceed to 
 
 The Hundred of A L s r o E. 
 
 This Hundred of Alftoe is by much the 
 largeft Hundred of this County, taking. 
 np all the Northern Parts of it, and be- 
 ing bounded on the Eaft, with Part of 
 Lincolnshire; on the North, partly with 
 Lincolnfiire and Leicejlerfrire \ on the Weft, 
 with Lelcejlerfoire only, and on the South 
 with the Hundreds of Okebam, Martin- 
 Jley and Eaft Hundred. In the Reign of 
 King Edward I. the Fee of this Hundred 
 was in Edmund "Earl of Cornwall, the Son 
 of Richard King of the Romans, a younger 
 Son of King John ; but in whom it is 
 new, unlefs it be vefted in the Crown, 
 we know not. There is really no Mar- 
 ket-Towns in this Hundred, but be- 
 
 <D S H I R E. 5*7 
 
 caufe we ufe to treat of the Mar- 
 ket-Towns before the other Villages, 
 and here is one that bears the Name of 
 a Market-Town, rho' it is not ; We fhall 
 begin with that. 
 
 M A R K E r-O -v E R T o N, fo called, 
 becaufe it was anciently a Market- 
 Town, and Overion for its Situation upon 
 an hilly Ground, as all Towns fo fituate 
 are obferved to derive their Name ; the 
 Word Over fignifying Supra above. Mr. 
 Cambden will have the Roman Station, 
 called by Antoninus, Margidunum, to have 
 been here; but then he fays, that Mar- 
 ket is corrupted from Marged-Overton, 
 which fecms to be the whole Ground of" 
 his Conjecture ; and therefore thinking 
 his Reafon too weak, he left it out in 
 fome other Editions of the Britannia-,. 
 and in that of 1607, removed it to Bel* 
 voir Cajtle, invited thereto by the Height, 
 of the Hill, which anfwers well to the 
 Termination danum.- But the Author 
 of the Additions to Cambden having af- 
 ferted,. th?.r there was no Occafion tc*- 
 have removed the Station from this- 
 Place to Eehoir Cafile, upon the Account, 
 of the Hill, becaufe Market- Overton 
 ftands upon one, the higheft Hill here- 
 abouts, goes on and juftifics Mr. Cambden's 
 firft Conjecture, from thefe Rcafons, 
 L. That-' in this Town have been 
 found fuch Plenty of Roman Coins, as- 
 but few Places in thefe Parts afford ;, 
 for within a few Years there have been 
 gathered between z and 3. Hundred on, 
 a little Furlong, about half a Mile, 
 from this Town. 2. Becaufe the Diftan- 
 ces from other Stations hereabout anfwcr 
 fo exceedingly well, as from Gaufenn<K y 
 i. e. Brig-cafterton, 6 Miles ; from Verome- 
 tum, i. e. Rurph-bill, 7 Miles ; and from 
 ad Pontem, i.e. Great Pattnton, ^ Miles. 
 3. Becaufe here is Mar go, found, which, 
 feem-s to have been the Ground for the 
 Latin Name Margldunum. We call ic. 
 Limeftone, becaufe Lime is made of it ; 
 but it is ufed by the Inhabitants to .im- 
 prove their Grounds, which agrees welt 
 With the Ufe of the British Marga. 
 
 But there is an ObjetHon which ap- 
 pears fb ftrong againft what lias been, 
 laid, to jutfify the Name Marged, viz. 
 
 liuw
 
 RU? L AN\ 
 
 r hat it was fo called from the Market, 
 and not from M.trga, that we muft take 
 Notice of it, becaufc it has, no Doubt, 
 pafled for the true Reafon of the Name, 
 even among the Learned, as well as the 
 ; Inhabitants, Time out of Mind ; but\ve 
 ihall eafily anfwer this Obje&ion, by 
 {hewing firft, that it was called Marged- 
 
 Overton, before Bartholomew Lord Badlef- 
 mere procured a Market to be kept here, 
 as Sir William Dugdale proves by reciting 
 the Charter for it. . idly. That there was no 
 Caufe to call it Market- Overton for Di- 
 fHnftion, (as is ufual in all Places) be- 
 caufe there is no Place in this County, 
 or elfewhere near it, of the fame Name. 
 
 :So that it is altogether probable that it 
 Was called Market- Overton for Madged- 
 
 -.Overton, from Likenefs of Sound, and a 
 popular Way of turning Names lefs 
 
 "undcrftood into others like them, and 
 
 (better known. And fo we may not fcru- 
 ple to fay, that here is the Roman Sta- 
 
 tion, Margidunum ', and thofe that feek 
 >it elfewhere will lofe their Labour, tho* 
 .they will take Mr. -Cambden .for their 
 Guide. 
 
 At the Time of the Norman Conqueft, 
 'Earl Wollef held in Overton and Stra- 
 .tone, which laft was then efteemed as a 
 -Berew belonging to this Town, three 
 .Carucates of Land and an half, as it 
 
 \vas rated to the Geld or Tax. The A- 
 :srable Land was twelve Carucates. At 
 ithe Time of Domefday-Survey, the 
 vCountefs Judith held three Carucates, 
 ;and here were nine "Villains, and eight 
 Bor'darii, having nine Carucates, and 
 'forty Acres of Meadow". Here was alfo 
 
 a -Wood, (paJlHis per hca) being one Mile 
 inl-ength, and half a Mile in Breadth. 
 
 In the Confeflbr's Time it was valued at 
 
 14 Pounds, but at the Time of the Sur- 
 rey it was valued at twenty Pounds. 
 
 'What Owners this Manor had for fe- 
 deral Reigns after the Conqueror's 
 
 Death, till the -Reign of King Edward 
 II. we do not find ; but in that" Reign it 
 
 appears that Bartholomew Lord Badlef- 
 r::e>-e died fefy.ed of it, and that in the 
 
 ninth Year of that King, he obtained a 
 iCharter for the Eliablifhing of diver* 
 
 D S H I R E. 
 
 Markets and Fairs in feveral of his 
 Lordftiips ; and in particular for a Mar- 
 ftet every Week, upon Tuefday, at Mar~ 
 ket-Overton in Rutlandshire ; (N. B. It was 
 fo called before the Market was granted) 
 and two Fairs yearly, one on the Eve, 
 Day and Morrow of %hn Port-1atln t 
 (i. e. 6 May') and the other on the Eve, 
 Day and Morrow of St. Luke the Evan- 
 gelift; (i. e. 18 Oftob.) as alfo for free 
 Warren in all his demefnc Lands, and 
 in particular in all his demefne Lands 
 of Overton and Hameldon in this County. 
 This Lord taking Part with the rebel- 
 lious Barons of that Reign, was taken 
 at Burrow-brigg, and being carried t 
 Canterbury, was there hanged and quar- 
 tered, leaving Giles his Son and Hein, 
 who found fuch Favour with that King, 
 notwithftanding his Nonage, that doing 
 his Homage, he had Livery of his Fa- 
 ther's Lands, in the yth Year of King 
 Edwar'd III. and died feized of the faid 
 Eftate, ii Edw. III. without Iflue. 
 
 In the twentieth Year of King Edw. 
 -III. John Lord Molins held one Mefluage, 
 fifty-one Acres of Land, and one Acre of 
 Meadow, in this Lordfhip, by Grant 
 from that King ; and it appears in the 
 fame Reign, -viz. in the 33d Year of K. 
 Edward III. John Vere Earl of Oxford^ 
 died fei?.ed of this Manor, which carne 
 to him by his Marriage with Maud, one 
 of the Daughters and Coheirs of Giles 
 Lord Badlefmere, and Widow -of Robert 
 the Son of Robert Fitz-Fain', but John 
 Lord Tibltct, who had married Margaret 
 her Sifter, and Coheir with her, had 
 certain Tenements in this Manor. The 
 above-mentioned Earl of Oxford was zea- 
 lous for the Houfe of Lancafier, and ftout- 
 ly fupported King Henry VI. upon the 
 Throne, till Edward IV. having van- 
 quifhed all Oppofition, obtained the 
 Crown, and calling a Parliament, di- 
 inherited all King Henry's Race and Fa- 
 mily, and caufed this Earl of Oxford and 
 his Son Awber'te to be attainted, and fly 
 into Tlanders to Henry Earl of Richmond^ 
 who was then the fole Lancajlrian Heir. 
 In his Baniflimcnt his whole Eftate wa* 
 feitcd, *nd this Manor, with other E-
 
 V'TLJN'D S tfIR E. 
 
 'ftates, given by King Edward and the 
 Parliament to Richard Duke of Glocefter; 
 (afterwards King Richard III.) but the 
 Scene at length changed, and the Earl 
 of Richmond obtaining the Throne, this 
 Earl not only recovered his Eftate, in 
 which was this Manor, but flood ever 
 after very high in his Favour, after he 
 was made King by the Name of King 
 Henry VII. 
 
 In the firft Year of King Henry VI. 
 Robert Suflex, Son and Heir of Rcbert 
 'Sutfex, held of the King in Capite, one 
 Mefluage, fifty-one Acres of Land, and 
 one Acre of Meadow in this Town of 
 jMarket-Overton in Rutland, by the fiftieth 
 Part of a Knight's Fee ; and afterward 
 in the 24th Year of the fame King, 
 Thomas Su/ex, Brother and Heir of Ro- 
 bert Sujfexy held the fame Eftate rhcre by 
 the fame Services. It formerly belonged 
 to the Beresfords, and being forfeited to 
 King Edward III. by the Rebellion of 
 Simon de Beresfird, it was by that King 
 granted firft to Robert Suffex for Life, 
 only to be farmed at the yearly Rent of 
 fixteen Shillings and four Pence ; but 
 was afterward granted to his Succeflbr, 
 to hold of the Crown in Fee by the Te- 
 'nure before mentioned. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry VIII. this 
 Manor was Part of the Poflfeflions of 
 Henry Courtney Marquis of Exeter, who 
 had been much in the King's Favour for 
 a Time ; but difapproving the Suppref- 
 fion of the Religious Houies, and being 
 accufed of holding a C*orrefpondence 
 with Cardinal Pool, which was interpre- 
 ted to be a Defign to compafs the King's 
 Deftru&ion, he was accufed and con- 
 demned for High Trcafon, with Gertrude 
 his Wife ; aH his Eftate, upon his Exe- 
 cution, was fcized, and remaining a 
 while in the King's Hands, the King's 
 Receiver for thefe Parts, in the third 
 Year of King Edward VI. did then ac- 
 count in the Court of Augmentations for 
 the Rents and Profits of this Manor, the 
 Sum of 19 Pounds 14 Shillings and 6 
 Pence. 
 
 The Church here is a Re&ory, valued 
 in the King's Books at 14 /. ii/, id. 
 
 The Advowfon of it -was in the $Sth 
 Year of King Edward I. in Sir Barthlo- 
 mew de Badlefmere, Knf. who then prc- 
 fented to it under the Name of Ov?rton- 
 Mercat, but of later Years, ov't. 14 Jnc. I. 
 John Lo'rd Harrington, Sen. died ieiied 
 of the Advowfon of this Church. In 
 whom the Patronage of it now is, we are 
 not informed. Mr. Flower Green, Reftor 
 here, in the Times of the Rebellion, \v;is 
 eje&ed by the Parliament for his Con- 
 ftancy to his King and the Church efta- 
 blifhed. He had then a Wife and Fa- 
 mily. We now proceed to the Villages 
 of this Hundred. 
 
 ASH xv i L, or Affevjcti, a fmall Vil- 
 lage, lying near the Weftern Border of 
 the County. It was called Exwell at die 
 Time of the Norman Invafion; foon af- 
 ter which, it appears by Domefday- 
 Book, that Earl Haroldus held here two 
 Carucates of Land, as it was then rated 
 (ad Geldam. i. *.) to the Tax. The Ara- 
 ble Land was fix Carucates at that Time ; 
 but when the grand Survey was made, 
 one Gozelinus (whom that Record calls 
 Homo Hugonis Cowitis} held there two Ca- 
 rucates, on which were thirteen Villains, 
 and three Bordarii, (or Cottagers) all 
 which had among them five Carucates, 
 and fixteen Acres of Meadow. In the 
 Time of Edward the Confcflbr, this 
 Town was valued at an Hundred Shil- 
 lings ; but at the Time of Taking the 
 faid Survey, it was worth fix. Pounds. 
 In what Hands this Manor was for fcve- 
 ral Reigns after this, we have no Ac- 
 count ; but 
 
 In the Reign of King Edward II. it 
 was in the Pofleflion of the Family of 
 Tuchets, John Tuchet, Lord Audley, in 
 Right of his Mother Joan, one of the 
 Daughters and Coheirs of Nicholas Lord 
 Attdleigb of Heleigh, -from whom arc de- 
 fcended the Earls of Cajllehaven in Ire- 
 land. The firft of this Family, that 
 pofleflcd this Eftate, "was Thumas Tuchet* 
 who lived in the Reign of King Edward 
 
 I. and dying in the Reign of King Ed-w. 
 
 II. Anno 8. left Sir Robert Tuchet for his 
 Son and Heir, who then doing his Ho- 
 mage, had Livery of his Lands, and left 
 C c c c Iflue
 
 R V ? L J N*D SHIRE. 
 
 570 
 
 Iffue Tfamas, who marrying the above- 
 mentioned Joan, Daughter of Nicholas 
 Lord Audl-y, left his Eitate, with his 
 Vvife's Honour, to their Son Sir John 
 Tucket, knighted in the 35d Year of 
 Kiag Ed-ward III. in which Year he ac- 
 knowledged himfelf to hold of Edward 
 Prince of Wales, commonly called the 
 Black Prince, this Manor of AfoiveH, with 
 all irs Appertinances in Rutland, being 
 Parcel of the Lands of Robert de Brs, 
 attainted of High Treafon, by the Ser- 
 vice of rhe third Part of a Knight's Fee. 
 Bur Sir John did not obtain his Title of 
 Lord Aurlley, till the T 5th Year of King 
 Richard II. when being found to be one 
 of the Heirs of the above-mentioned Lord 
 ^4#rf/fy,hewas allowed to aflfume that Ti- 
 tle, and "his Defcendants have ever fince 
 been lummoned to Parliament under that 
 Name. This Lord J-ohn departed this 
 Life \9 Decemb. 10 Hen. IV. being then 
 feixed, among divers other Lordfliips 
 in other Counties, of two Parts of this 
 Manor of Ajhwell, leaving his Son and 
 Heir J-ames Tachet Lord Audley, then 
 about ten Years old. 
 
 From this Family of Tucket, this Ma- 
 nor was, about the Reign of King Henry 
 VIII. patted to the King, under whom 
 if appears, that Brian Palmes held it, 
 with its Appertinances, of our Lord the 
 King, bur by what Services, is not faid 
 in the Inquifition. He fixed his Habita- 
 tion in this Place, which his Pofterity 
 continued for fomc Succcflions ; for his 
 Son and Heir Francis Palmes, had his Seat 
 
 here, as had alfo his Son of the fame- 
 Name, and feveral other Defcendants 
 from him, as Guldo Palmes, who was 
 High Sheriff of this County, 5 Jac. I. 
 and again 15, when he was a Knight; 
 as alfo I Car. I. and others. William 
 Palmes, the prcfent Lord of this Manor, 
 is defccnded from the above-mentioned 
 Brian. In this Parilh there were, before 
 the Diflblution of the Abbies, certain 
 Lands belonging to the Hofpital of Bur- 
 ton St. Lazarus in Leicejlerfiire, which were 
 given by King Henry VIII. Reg. 36. to 
 John Dudley, then Vifcount Lijle ; but 
 afterwards Earl firft of Warwick, and 
 then of Northumberland, upon a referved 
 Rent of 49 s. per Ann. but the Names 
 we can't learn. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Rette- 
 ry, valued in the King's Books at 
 20 1. i6s. i d. The Advowfon of it feems 
 all along to have gone with the Manor; 
 for in the 2 7th Year of King Henry III. 
 (which was the Time when Robert Grojl- 
 loead was Bifliop of Lincoln) the Lady 
 Elizabeth Tucket prefented to the Church 
 of AJhweir, and the prefent Patron is 
 William Palmes, Efq, who is Lord of 
 the Manor, to whofc Anceftors it came 
 from the Tuckets, as is above obferved. 
 In the Chancel of this Church is an 
 ancient Tomb for John Vcrnam, and Rofe 
 his Wife, the Parents of John Vernam y 
 Prebendary of the Cathedral Churches 
 of Salisbury and Hereford, which John 
 died 20 fun, 1480; and Rofe, 17 De- 
 cemb. 1479. 
 
 In this Church is fet up a Brafs-plate, with this Infcription, In perpetuam 
 
 memoriam, viz> 
 
 Elizabeth Wilcccks, born in this Town, but living in. 
 Darbyjhire, in the Condition of a Servant, did in the 
 Year 1648, give and bequeath the Rent of a Tenement, 
 fituate in the Parim of St. Peter at Darby, of the Value 
 of Seven Pound.s per Ami. to the Poor for <'Ver, viz* 
 One Moiety thereof to the Poor of this To..n, t!u. oth-^r to 
 be equally divided between the Poor of St. Peter's Parifh 
 , and the Poor of Elverfton in that County, ye.v'iyv
 
 RUT L A N 
 
 ^Mr. Ttomas Mafon was Re&or of this 
 Parifa in the Times of the Rebellion, 
 and being a fteddy Royalift, was impri- 
 foncd, plundered, and many other 
 ways barbaroufly ufed. Two of his 
 Jmprifonments were at Nottingham, for 
 reading the Common Prayer in private 
 Families. He at length took up Arms 
 for his Majefty. commanded an inde- 
 pcndant Company at Belvoire-Caftle, and 
 conducted his Majefty from Newark to 
 Banbury. He had n Fifths paid him. 
 
 BARROW, or Bert, a fmall Village, 
 Tart of it in the Parifh and Manor of 
 Cotefmore. We find no Mention of it in 
 Domcfciay-Book, nor for many Ages 
 after ; but in the ninth Year of King 
 Ed-ward II. Edmund de Colvile is found to 
 have died poflefled of this Manor called 
 Herghdon, leaving it to his Son and Heir 
 Robert de Colvile, then within Age, who 
 thereupon became Lord of Berks and 
 Wenton\ but his Grandfon Robert dying 
 without Iflue, this Manor, with his o- 
 ther Eftate, pafled to Elizabeth and Alice, 
 and their Heirs, the Sitters of Edmund 
 de Cohile, then married to Ralph de Baf- 
 fet y and John de Gournon,^ but to which 
 it * came upon the Divifion is not 
 
 no w ii 
 
 In the 7th Year of Queen Elizabeth, 
 John Wyflan pafled a Fine of the Grange 
 and fomc Tenements in Barrow, in the 
 Parifli o(Cctefmc,re, then in the Occupa- 
 tion of one John Nicholas, to Sir James 
 Harrington, to hold of the King in Capite. 
 In this Family of Harrington thofe Eftates 
 continued, till the Reign of King James 
 I. in whofe i?th Year it was found by 
 Inquifition taken at Okeham 22. March, 
 That John Lord Harrington the Elder died 
 fcized, among other Eftates, of the a- 
 bove-mentioned Barrow-Grange, and of 
 this Lordfhip of Barrow, which he held 
 of Thcmas Earl of Exeter in Socage, as 
 of the Earl's Manor of Bourne, by Suit 
 of Court, and the yearly Rent of three 
 Shillings and four Pence for all Ser- 
 vices. 
 
 BURLEY, commonly called Burley on 
 the Htf,a Village moft pleafantly feated, 
 -*nd over-looking the fruitful Vale of 
 
 T> SHIRE. 
 
 Catemeffe, about a Mile diftant from Gke- 
 ham. In the Saxon Times it was the 
 Pofleflions of one U7f a Saxon, who held 
 it under the Name of Burgelai, and it 
 was rated to the Geld of Tax at two 
 Carucates, tho' it was indeed at that 
 Time feven Carucates. After the Cofl- 
 quelt, Giflibert dt Gand obtained it, and 
 under him one Goisfrid his Man held ir, 
 or farmed it for two Carucates, on which 
 there were thirty Villains, and eighty 
 Bordani, who had four Carucates, and 
 30 Acres of Aleadow. Here was alfo a 
 Wood (per loc.i pajlilis} of one Mile in 
 Length, and three Furlongs in Breadth. 
 In the Time of King Edw.ird the Con- 
 feflbr, the whole was valued at four 
 Pounds, but at the Time of the Survey 
 at five Pounds. 
 
 We can't difcover who were the Lords 
 of this Manor from the Conqueror, till 
 the Reign of King Edward II. when 
 Nicholas de Segrave appears to have been 
 the Lord of this Village, and Alejlhorfr 
 another Village, of which there is no- 
 thing remaining but a Place in our Maps ; 
 yet in the Conqueror's Survey it was 
 valued at 40 Shillings, and held of the 
 King by one Ogerns, Son of Unguemar. 
 Here were then inhabiting eleven Vil- 
 lains, and four Bordarii, who poflefled 
 4 Carucates, and fixteen Acres of Mea- 
 dow. Here was alfo a Wood three Fur- 
 longs in Length, and two in Breadth*. 
 In the following Reign, viz. a 7 Edufi. 
 III. Waren de bifula was Lord of this 
 Manor, but not long after conveyed it 
 to Anne the Wife of^ir Edward de Spen- 
 fer, Knt. and her Heirs ; but it feems, 
 that at the fame Time a Aloiety of it was 
 in the King's Hands, and was releafcd 
 to Thomas de Spevfer her Heir, 'by the 
 King in Exchange for other Lands, To 
 that Thomas became Lord of the whole 
 Manor. The Spenfers now living here, 
 it happened that Henry Spenfer the Mar- 
 tial Bifliop of Norwich, was in this 
 Town when he firft heard of the Com- 
 motion raifed by Wat Tyler and Jack 
 Straw ', and from hence he marched di- 
 re&ly with fuch Forces as he could get 
 together on a fudden, and fupprefled 
 C c c c a the
 
 the Rebels of his Diocefe, led by one 
 John Lyfler, a Dyer of Norwich. He en- 
 joyed tnis Manor then, not as belong- 
 100 to his Bifhoprick, but as his paternal 
 Inheritance, or Lay-fee, yet paid a 
 Rent of 12 Shillings and 4 Pence to the 
 Crown for a Leet, as it is charged upon 
 the Sheriff to this Day. 
 
 But the Manor was foon after aliena- 
 ted to the Family of the Plejfingttm ; for 
 in the i8rh Year of King Edward II. 
 Robert de Ple/mqton, Knt. held this Ma- 
 nor of B*rleigb, with the Appertinances, 
 and one Yard-land in Alesford, Parcel of 
 \ the faid Manor of the King In Capite, by 
 the Service of half a Knight's Fee. Sir 
 Henry fle/tn^ton of this Family, Knt. who 
 was High Sheriff of this County thrice, 
 and Knight of the Shire twice in King 
 Henry Vlth's Reign, was Lord of this 
 Manor, and had his Seat here. In this 
 Family it remained, till Iflue Male fail- 
 ing in William Plefltngton, this Manor de- 
 fcended to the Heir General Ifabel his 
 Cofin and Heir, who was married to Join 
 Franceis, Efq; who held this Manor upon 
 the former Tenure. This Family of 
 Franceis held it but a fmall Time before 
 liTne Male failing, it paffed to the Sap- 
 vtes, Tbcmas Sapcote, the Son of Sir Ri- 
 thard Sapcote of Elton in Huntingtonfiire, 
 marrying the Daughter and Coheir of 
 the f&id'jcbn Francis, named Jane, who 
 brought it into his Family, where it con- 
 tinued till the third Yar of King Ed- 
 ivird VI. when it was fotind that Edward 
 Sapcttet died feixed of the Manor of 
 Burley, which he held, as it was before 
 by the Plcffinptons \ and that Dorothy Du r 
 rant, the Wife of John Dur ant, Thomas 
 Wake and Robert Breokeiby, were his Heirs, 
 who all Told their Parts dxftifi&ly, in- a 
 few Years, to the Harringtons, viz., one 
 to Sir James by Wake, and another to 
 Sir John by Brcokesby ; fo that John Lord 
 Harrington the Elder obtained the whole 
 Ivlanor, and died fei?.cd of it, with Ales- 
 tkorp Lands, which he held by the ^th 
 j'art of a Knight's Fee ; but Richard 
 Flower of Whltwell, had in this Manor, 
 about the fome Time, one Hundred A- 
 cres of Wood, with the Appertinanccs, 
 
 ID SHIR E. 
 
 which he held of the King tn Capite, But- 
 by what Services is not known. The- 
 Family of Sapc ot es made a- confiderable 
 Figure for fbme Reigns in this County, 
 fome being High Sheriffs, as Sir Richard 
 Sapcote, in Edward IVth's Reign ; Tho> 
 Sapcote, twice in Hen. Vllth's Reign, 
 Edward Sapcote, 6 times in King Henry 
 VHIth's Reign ; and tho' the Male Iflue 
 of the elder Line failed in King Edward' 
 Vlth's Days, yet Mr. Robert Sapcote, of a 
 younger Branch, was High Sheriff in 
 Queen Elizabeth's Days twice. 
 
 In the Family of the Harringtons this 
 Manor continued till it was purchafed of 
 the Heir general of that Family, by Sir 
 George VtUars, that eminent Favourite of 
 two Kings, King James I. and King 
 Charles I. the former of which created 
 him. Lord Whaddon in Bucks, Vifcount 
 Villers, and at length Earl, Marqueft and 
 Puke of Buckingham, heaping on him fo 
 many gainful Places and Preferments, 
 that he feemed to defire that all the 
 Wealth of the Nation almoft might cen- 
 ter in him. After this great Duke had 
 gotten this Lordfhip, he made it one ol 
 the fineft Seats of England, improving 
 the Houfe to that Advantage, that it 
 looked like a fecond Belvoir, and in fome 
 Refpe&s was fuperior to that famous 
 Seat of the (then Earls, but now) Dukes 
 of Rutland, fituated on an Hill, having 
 a Princely Park, and Woods .adjoining, 
 and over-looking the little but rich Vale 
 of Catmus, and divers other Manors ber 
 longing to his Ellate. 
 
 Here it was that that Duke entertain- 
 ed King James I. and all his Court, in a 
 Manner worthy of the Gratitude of fo 
 great a Favourite; and while they re- 
 mained here, the famous Bifhop Andrews, 
 the moft celebrated Court- Preacher of 
 his Time, preached feveral Sermons be- 
 fore the King and Court, which are 
 ft-ill extant in the large Volumes of 
 hi,s Sermons. Here it was al(b that the 
 King, Prince Charles, and the Court, 
 were firft prefcnted with Ben. Jclwfpn's 
 Mask of the Gypfies, a&ed by the Nobi- 
 lity only, which was an Entertainment 
 fo plcafingto the King, tharke caufcd it 
 
 EQ
 
 to be a&ed again and again in his Pro- 
 grefs, firft at Beaver, and afterward at 
 Witxtfor. Laltly, Here it was that Jef- 
 frey Hudfon the Dwarf (of whom we have 
 already fpoken at Oakham~) being then 
 about 7 Years old, and but 18 Inches 
 high, was prefented as a Rarity in Nar 
 ture, to the Durchefs of Buckingham,. 
 then redding at Eurley Houfe. It hap- 
 pened that the Court came to Eurley, 
 not long after, King Charles I. being then 
 on the Throne, and attended with his 
 Queen Henrietta Maria of France. In 
 treating the Court, Jeffrey was ferved 
 tip to the Table in a Pye, to divert the 
 Royal Gucfts, and the Queen being pre- 
 fented with him by the Dutchefs, took 
 him into her Service, and made Ufe of 
 him in many important Ata.tters, viz. 
 fent him for her Midwife into France, 
 and employed him in many other Af- 
 fairs, 01 which I have Ijpoken in Oak- 
 
 This ftately and noble Fabrick in the 
 late Rebellion, was entred upon by the 
 Parliament Party, and made Garrifon 
 in 1645; but the Parliament Army be- 
 ing in thefe Parts, there were placed in 
 it no more Soldiers than were fufficient, 
 as .was thought, to guard the Committee 
 from any Attempts of the loyal Party, 
 and harrafs the Countrey, where it was 
 fuppofed they were difaneSed ; but the 
 Parliament Army removing from thefe 
 Parts, and the Garrifon being furround- 
 ed with the Royalifts in Arms, againft 
 whom they found themfclves not able 
 to defend it, the Soldiers fet Fire to the 
 Houfc and rich Furniture in it, and de- 
 parted ; but the Stables being at fome 
 Diftance from the Houfe, efcaped the 
 Burning, and remain to this Day, one 
 of the noblelt Buildings of- the Kind in 
 England, if not the fincft. 
 
 The Houfe, after the Reftorarion, lay 
 in its Ruins many Years, the laft Duke 
 of Bntkingt>am, tho' he lived fomc Years 
 after, not minding to rebuild it?, but 
 dying very much in Debt, this Loru- 
 Ihip, with feveral others adjoining, were 
 fold a little after to the Right Honourar 
 ble Daniel Earl of NeMigt>4mj who in the... 
 4 
 
 <D S IIIR E. 573 
 
 Place of the old Houfe hath ereSed a 
 molt beautiful noble Edifice, adorned* 
 with all fuch Embdlifliments as are 
 fuitable to fo magnificent a Building,, 
 which is rendred more admirable aswdi 
 as delightful, by its Situation on an Hill, 
 in the Midft of a walled Park of five or 
 fix Miles in Compafs, and therein no- 
 lefs pleafant than large and fpacious 
 Woods, rich Paftures, and. Store of? 
 Game, which together have made this. 
 Seat of fo extraordinary and fingularr 
 Regard, that there are not many Seats- 
 in England that can equal it, and few. or - 
 none furpafs Eurley on the Hill, the great: 
 Grace of this little County of Rutland",'. 
 This was the third Edition of this Sear,, 
 which being firft erefted by J-obn Lord! 
 Harrington, was much improved, if not 
 new built,, by the Duke of Buckingham,.. 
 and is now reftored by the Earl of tfcf 
 tlngham, to a more fuperlative- Degree of 
 Beauty and Exquifitenefs of Structure 
 and Contrivance, as well as Conveni- 
 ence. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, vti I ued- 
 in the King's Books at ten. Pounds and 
 thirteen Shillings The ReSory of it 
 being impropriatcd and fettled upon the 
 Nunnery of Eaton in Wartfickjhjre, toge- 
 ther with the Patronage of .the Vicarage ; 
 and accordingly we find, that in the-aJ- 
 Year of King Edward I. the Priorcfs of r 
 Nun-Enton, (as that Houfe was called), 
 prefented to. the Vicarage of the Church, 
 of Eurghley, as it was found to belong at 
 the Supprelfion of rhat Houfe. After The 
 Diflblution of the MonaOeries,. both of 
 them were in the PoHlenion of 'J&n Lord' 
 Harring* ") ] 4 jF^c. I.' and as they pa 1 -' 
 fed. with the Manor to the Duke or"B;/.-&: 
 i?:gbarn, fo we fuppofe they continue in 
 tlie Pofleflion and Patronage of the Right 
 Honourable Daniel, Earl of Noiiing-. 
 ham. 
 
 Here was formerly, viz..iri. the P.. 
 of our PopiHi Anceftors, a Cliantry, . 
 founded by, the Lady Elizabeth ' S:ipcotes r . 
 in the Chapel of the Virgin M-iry in . 
 tbis Church,- the Particulars .of whicn 
 Foundation were thus given in by cer- 
 tain Commiilionei;* &ppoia:e<l. forJtha.:.
 
 Purpofe, in the fecond Year of King 
 .-Ed-ward VI. viz.. 
 
 That it was founded for ore Prieft to 
 ting Mais there for ever, who was al- 
 : lowed a Penfion of an Hundred 1 and ten 
 .Shillings out of the Lands belonging to 
 the Monaftery of Pipwe/I in Northampton- 
 ftire, Out or which is to be diftributed 
 in Alms to poor People, at the Day of 
 the Obit of the faid Lady Sapcotes, year- 
 fly, :t hr.ee Shillings and four Pence; fo 
 that there remains for the Suftentation 
 of the Chantry-Prieft, (who then was 
 Sir Thomas Watfon, aged forty-two Years, 
 and a Perfon of a good Reputation a- 
 imong the Neighbours there) an Hundred 
 -and Six Shillings and eight Pence per 
 -Ann. but out of it he is to pay for 
 'Tenths to the King, yearly, nine Shil- 
 lings and four Pence. They alfo found 
 an Plate belonging to this Chantry, one 
 'Chalice of eleven Ounces, which they 
 took and carrried to the King's Jewel- 
 tioufe, and other Ornaments, valued at 
 mine Shillings and eight Pence. 
 
 COTBSMORE, a Village, of which 
 we have this Description in Domefday- 
 Book, where it is recorded, That one 
 <Goda a Saxon, did formerly hold here 
 three Carucates of Land, as they were 
 taxed to the Geld. The Land was 
 twelve Carucates. But then the King, 
 who was William the Conqueror, held 
 'three Carucates in Demefne, and had 
 three Sockmen, with forty Villains, and 
 ifix "Bordarii, having twenty Carucates. 
 Here was alfo then forty Acres of Mea- 
 dow, and a Wood one Mile in Length, 
 and feven Furlongs broad, all together 
 valued, in the Time of King Edward the 
 <Confeffor, at feven Pounds per Ann. but 
 t the Time of this Survey, at ten 
 "Pounds per Ann. Of the Land of this 
 Manor, one Goisfridtts held half a Ca- 
 Yucate, on -which he had one Plough, 
 and eight Villains, valued at the Time of 
 the Survey at twenty Shillings; the 
 Manor was in the King's Hands with 
 the other Carucates. 
 
 In the Reign of King John, this Ma- 
 nor was Part of the PofTeflions of Wale- 
 -*8-Earl of Warwick, fecond Son of Ro- 
 
 ger Earl of Warwick, by Gundred, Sifter 
 of Waleran Earl of Mallent, who dying, 
 6 John, gave this Manor to his younger 
 Son of his own Name, Waleran and his 
 Heirs, but he died without IfTue, and fo 
 this Manor returned ro his elder Brother 
 Henry Earl of Warwick ; how long it re- 
 mained in his Family, we cannot difco- 
 ver, but find, that in King Edward lid's 
 Days, Thomas de Beauchamp TLa.rl of War- 
 wick, who was defcended by fome Fe- 
 male Branch from the aforcfaid Waleran, 
 was Lord of Cotefmore, and in his Family 
 it continued many Succeflions, but was at 
 length alienated ; for in the fecond Year 
 of Queen Elizabeth's Reign , J-ohn Durant 
 had two Parts of the Manor of Cotefmore-, 
 with the Appertinances in hisPofleflion, 
 but held ojf the Queen, with fome Parts 
 of Gretham, Wempton, and Barrow, by 
 Fealty, and the Rent of one Pair of 
 Spurs. This Family of the Durants had 
 their Seat here a long Time, and was 
 both ancient and honourable, but is now 
 quite wonrout in this County of Rutland, 
 tho' there are fome of the Name in o- 
 ther Counties. 
 
 From the 'Durant s this Manor pafled, 
 but whether by Purchafe or Defcent, 
 we do not know, to the Family of the 
 Harringtons ; for it was found by an In- 
 quifition taken at Oakham in this County, 
 azd March, 13 Jac. I. after the Death of 
 J-ohn Lord Harrington the Elder, that the 
 laid Lord Harrington died leized, among 
 other Eftates, of this Manor of Cotefmore, 
 which he held of Thomas Earl of Exeter, 
 as of his Manor of Preflcn by Fealty, 
 and the Rent of one Pair of gilt Spurs, 
 or fix Pence for the fame, to be paid at 
 the Feaft of St. Michael, yearly : But that 
 which hath rendred both the Place and 
 Name of Harrington moft famous and 
 memorable here, is the fignal Charity 
 of Anne Lady Harrington, Governefs of 
 the Princefs Elizabeth, who, after her 
 Lord's Deceafe, in the Year -1616", pur- 
 chafed a Rent-Charge of one Hundred 
 Pounds per Ann. out of thiis Manor, and 
 apportioned it out to charitable Ufes in 
 this Manner, viz, 
 
 T0
 
 R UT L A NT) SHIR 
 
 To the Poor of Exton 
 
 For Repairing Mr. Ke1<wey\' 
 
 and other Tombs in Exton 
 
 Church, 
 
 To the Poor of Burley 
 To the Poor of Oakham 
 To the Poor of Hamelton 
 To the Poor of Cotefviore 
 To the Poor of Market- Overton 5 
 
 10 
 
 3* 
 10 
 
 16 
 
 d. 
 
 o 
 
 Making thefe Perfons, and their Heirs 
 and SuccelTors, the Truftees of this her 
 Charity, viz- Sir Edward Noel, Sir Ed- 
 ward Harrington, Sir William Buljlrode, 
 Sir Francis Bodenham, Thomas Mackworth, 
 John Winefield, and Richard Coney, Efqs; 
 defiling their Care in the annual Diftri- 
 bution of the faid Sums, according to 
 her Intention, viz- That the faid Rents 
 fiiall be paid upon the four ufual Quarter- 
 Davs, in the South Porch of the Panih 
 Church of Okeham, by even and equal 
 Portions to the Truftees aforefaid, who 
 fhall, within ten Days after the Receipt, 
 pay the faid Sums to the Minifters of 
 the faid Towns and Overfecrs,. to be di- 
 ftributed to the Poor of the faid Parities 
 refpectively. 
 
 In later Times the Manor of this 
 
 Town, and Barrow the adjoining Village, 
 
 came by Purchafe to Ambrofe Crooke, Efq; 
 
 (a younger Brother of Sir George Crooke, 
 
 Knt. and Judge) by whofc Daughter and 
 
 Heir it parted in Marriage to Sir Edward 
 
 'Heath, Knight of the Bath, (cldcft Son 
 
 aM Heir of Sir Robert Heath, Attorney 
 
 General, and afterward Lord Chief Ju-^ 
 
 ftice of the King s Bench in the Reign ot 
 
 Charles I.) which Sir Edward at his Death 
 
 left iir-.ie Margaret his only. Daughter 
 
 ^nd Heir, who being married to Sir 
 
 Thomas Fanjbawj Knt. left IlTue Svfaa- 
 
 ier Daughter and Heir, who married 
 
 Honourable Baptljla Noel, Efq; fe- 
 
 rl "Son of the Right Honourable Bap- 
 
 Yifcount Camlden, in whpfe Family 
 
 . o3ic this Manor remains. In this 
 
 in the Reign of King Henry 
 
 -o l 5, Richard Flower of Whit' 
 
 .n rhis County, died pcffeiTed of 
 
 . icrfuage, ten. Acres of Land, and 
 
 ten Acres of Meadow, with the Apperti- 
 nances, which he held of John Harring- 
 ton, Efq; as of his Mar.or of Exton, but 
 by what Services we know not. 
 
 The Church of this Town is a Recto- 
 ry, valued in the King's Books at 
 25/. i6s. id. The Advowfbn of it be- 
 longed, in the \$th Year of King Henry- 
 III. to William Aiauduit the Chamberlain 
 of that King, who had married Alice the; 
 Daughter of Waleran Earl of Warwick", - 
 for he gave his Confent to the Prefen- 
 tation of the Vicarage of this Church, , 
 which then confided in all the Altarage, , 
 which was valued at five Marks, in the 
 Corn Tithes of the Demefne of the - 
 Parfon, in the fmall Tithes of the Pa^ 
 rifh, and foddering the Vicar's Cattle,, 
 and certain Tithes of Hay in Wenton, . 
 and one Virgate of 'Land in Cotefmore, 
 affigned to the Vicar out of certain 
 Lands belonging to the Church. The 
 fame William Mattdult and Alice his Wife 
 prefented again to this Church, in the ^ 
 23d Year of the faid King Henry III. 
 but it was after fome Conteft with the _ 
 Prior of the Holy Sepulchre of Warwick, 
 from whom they recover 'd it by an Ai- 
 fize of Darrain Prefentment. In the - 
 following Reign, viz.* 40 Edw. I. Guy M 
 Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, presented to 
 this Church, as Heir to Waleran ; but in .- 
 later Times, viz- in the i j th Year of K.. . 
 James I. Jokn Lord Harrington the Elder 
 died feifcedof the Advowfbn as appendcnt 
 to the Manor, which being palled to 
 Mr. Noel by the Marriage of the HcireT* 
 of Sir Edward Heaih, we conclude^ that 
 the Patronage of the Church is in him 
 or his Heirs. 
 
 Dr. Peter Grinning, that refolute De- 
 
 fender of his Majefty King Charles JiVs 
 Caufc and Right, and the Do&rine and 
 Difcipline of the Church of Enp land, a- 
 gainft all Sons of Sectaries,-, wirh wiipjn 
 he had almoft daily publick Difputes-in, 
 their Congregations, for which he under- 
 went all Sorts of Obloquy, Hardlhij^ 
 ndlmprifonnient>, obtaincid VCL-,. during .. 
 the Troubles, a Right to . tlio -Red^oiy 
 of this Plac-2-, but was kept out of it by 
 the prevailing Powers :tiJi ..: the Rei't 
 
 tior>.
 
 R U T L A N T> S H 1 E. 
 
 tion, when his Worth procured him fo vhofe only Daughter Anne marrying to 
 -many Friends, that he neglefted this Thomas Lord Brus, the Ancertor of the 
 Rectory, and was by his Majefty King Earl of Ayleibury, brought him the fair 
 '.Charles lid's Favour made firit Preben- Lordfhip of Oujton, with its Members of 
 dary of Canterbury, Matter of Bennet, Newbold, Marfeld and Marfton in Leice- 
 -and foon after of St. John's College in Jlerjhire, which formerly belonged to the 
 'Can/bridge, then Regitn Profeflbr, Bifliop Harringtons ; by which Means the Eftate 
 of Clichefter, and laftly of Ely, in Pof- which was derived from the Braces to 
 feffion of which See he died, Anno the Harringtons, after a long Defcent, 
 :jr<JS4. parted from the Harringtons to the Braces, 
 
 EXTON, a Village chiefly famous for Earls of Aylesbury, where all that is left 
 giving the Title of Baron to the Family of it remains. This Manor is now the 
 of Harringtons, but otherwife celebrated Eftate of the Earl of Gainsborough, who 
 '<for its Antiquity ; for at the Time of married the Heirefs of Sir Baptijl 
 the Norman Conqueft, Earl Wallef held Hicks, and often refides in this Place, 
 in Exer.tune (as it was then called) two as one of his Country Seats. 
 'Carucates of Land, as it was rated to the The Church here is a Vicarage, valu- 
 Tax'orGeld. The Arable Land then ed in the King's Books at 87. ;/. Stf, 
 *,vas twelve Carucates. Afterwards when and in the Patronage of the Right Ho- 
 ithe <Domefday-Book Survey was made, nourable the Earl or Gainibcrovgb. The 
 Countefs Judith held here three Caru- Reftory was, in the nth Year of King 
 cates, with thirt-y-fe-ven Villains, having Ed-ward I. given and releafed by Ber- 
 eight Carncates, and two Mills, of the nard de Brus, the Son of Bernard de Brus 
 Value of thirteen Shillings. She had al- of Exton, to God and the Church of St. 
 4b a Meadow of fix Furlongs in Length, Andrew at Northampton, and the Monks 
 and a Wood (jifoa per loca pajlilis') of five there, with the Tithes of his own'Lands, 
 furlongs in Length, and five in Breadth, and all Other Liberties to the faid Church 
 All which were valued in the Time of belonging, -within and without th faid 
 Edward the ConfefTor, at eight Pounds Town of Exton ; and aH the Tithes of 
 yer Ann. but at the Time of the Survey Hay, which in his Park of Bernardijhill, 
 at ten Pounds. or elfe where they have been accuftomed 
 
 From Wallef (or Waliheof) above-men- to receive ; alfo the Pafture of eight 
 tioned, who was Earl of Northumberland, Cattle, which they had of the Alms of 
 nd married the faid Judith, the Conque- Ifabel his Grandmother ; granting further, 
 Tor* Niece, this Manor defcended by that the faid Monks and their Men, in 
 Maud, their Daughter and Heir, to Da- the faid Town of Exton, fhall be free 
 *f the King of Scots, who hy Marriage and quit of all Suit of Court, and other 
 'with her, became alfo in her Right, Earl fecular Demands and Exa&ions whatfb- 
 *ef E.antington, From them it again paf- ever. W r hich Deed bears Date the 
 'fed by the Female Iflue to the noble Wednefday next before the Feaft of St. 
 Tamily -of tlic Brufes, and from them to Mark the EvangeJift, Anno Domini 
 the Greens, and from them to the Cul- 1183. 
 
 jpeppers, and from them to-the Harringtons, After this, a Controverfy arifing be- 
 who held u near fix Hundred Years in tween the Prior of St. Andrew's at 
 a dire& Line, till it was fold in the Northampton, and the Vicar of Exton, a 
 ^fifteenth Century by the Heirs general, Compofition was made and certified by 
 so Sir Bapt'rfl Hicks, in Truft, to pay the John D'Alderby, then Bifliop of Lincoln^ 
 Debts of the two laft Lord Harringtons ; of which the Contents were, That the 
 ;and the Overplus to be divided between Vicar of the Church of Exton fhall have, 
 them, */a. Luey, Countefs of Bedford, in the Name of a perpetual Vicarage, 
 fold end fpent all her Part ; and all the Altarage of the faid Church, and 
 Wife <e Sir Retort Cbicbejler t the Tithes of Berntrdtfjill, with a com- 
 petent
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 577 
 
 pctent Houfe, the faid Vicar paying to 
 the faid Monaftery two Marks, and alfo 
 paying the Synodals, but that the Monks 
 fhaU entertain the Archdeacon in his 
 Vifitafion with Provifion and Lodging, 
 which Entcrtaiment was in Procefs of 
 Time changed to a certain Sum of Mo- 
 ney, called Procurations, which are con- 
 tinued to this Day, to be paid to the 
 Archdeacon for Via" ting. This Deed of 
 Certificate bears Date at Lydington the 
 fecond of the Kal. of March t Anno Do- 
 mini 1310. 
 
 Tn the i ith Year of King "Edward I. 
 Oliver Sutton being then Biftiop of Lincoln, 
 Anno Conf. 4 Q . the above-mentioned Ber- 
 nard de Brns, xlid prefent Robert de Tifio 
 his Chaplain, to the Chapel built in his 
 Lordlhip of Exton ; and in the tenth 
 Year of King Edward II. John D'Alderby 
 being then Bifhop of Lincoln, Anno Conf. 
 1 8. Bernard de Brits, Son of the afore- 
 faid Bernard, and at that Time Lord of 
 the Manor of Exhn, did prefent to the 
 Chantry of the Chapel of the Manor of 
 Exton ; of which Chantry certain Coni- 
 miffioners appointed for that Purpofe, to 
 enquire and furvey all Colleges, Chan- 
 tries, &c. certified the State and Condi- 
 tion, after this Manner. 
 
 Memorandum, Of late there was in Ex- 
 ton one Stipendary, or Chantry, of 
 fix Pounds, going out of the Pof- 
 feflions of the late Monaftery of St. 
 Andrew at Northampton, which Sir 
 John Harrington, Knt. alledgeth, that 
 he had purchased about three Years 
 paft, of the late famous King; of 
 blefled Memory, King Henry VIII. 
 
 Mr. Henry Fojler of Thifsleton, Anno 
 1702, did, by his laft Will and Tefta- 
 ment, give ten Pounds a Year to a 
 School-reafter in this Parifh, to teach 
 fuch poor Children, whofc Parents are 
 not able to give them that Education, to 
 read the Englijh Bible, and fay the Ca- 
 -techifm ufed in the Church of England, 
 appointing the Jufticcs of Peace of this 
 Courty, and their Succeflors, to be 
 Tj-uftees for the Payment of it, as ;> faki 
 in Eniinkam. 
 
 In this Church and Chancel are many 
 noble Monuments for the eminent Per- 
 fons anciently Lords of this Manor ; as, 
 i. An Alatafter Tomb in the Chancel 
 for Nicholas Green, ' the Infcription in 
 French, but without Date, but certainly 
 old. 2. For John Harrington, Efq; and 
 Alice his Wife, who died, John, 5 Nov. 
 1524, and Alice In 1500, which ftands 
 in the Body of the Church. 3. For Sir 
 James Harrington, Knt. and Lacy his 
 Wife, who lived in Wedlock together 
 50 Years, and had 18 Children, of 
 whom they faw many married, and in a 
 flourifhing Condition ; fhe died in her 
 feventy-fecond Year, and he in his Sotli, 
 and both Anno Domini I5pr. This cu- 
 rious Monument is ere&ed in the North 
 Wall of the Chancel. 4. For Robert Kel- 
 zuey, a famous Lawyer, the Father of 
 Anne Lady Harrington, who was his only 
 Daughter and Heir. He died zr Febr. 
 Anno Domini 1 580. atat. 84. This Monu- 
 ment is a very fumptuous one, and 
 ftands in the South Ifle of the Church, 
 ere&ed by Sir John Harrington and his 
 Lady Anne, which laft left to the Vicar 
 and Overfeers or this Parifli, forty Shil- 
 lings a Year, to be employed by them on 
 fome poor Man (to be named by the Lord 
 of the Manor for the Time being) for 
 the Keeping of the Tomb called Keltvay's 
 Tomb, and all other Tombs, that are 
 already, or (hall hereafter be ere&ed in 
 Exton Church. 5. For Anne the Wife of 
 Thomas Lord Bruce, and Daughter of 
 Sir Robert Chichejter, who died ao Mar* 
 1627, tat. 22. This Monument made 
 of black and white Marble, ftands in 
 the North Ifle near the Pulpit. 6. For 
 James Noel, fifth Son of Baptift Noel 
 Vifcount Cambden, a Youth of great 
 Hopes, who died 24 Jun. 1681, &tat. 18. 
 On the fame Monument are the Effigies 
 of two other Sons of the faid Vifcount, 
 who died in their Infancy, one in 1656', 
 and the other in 1652. 7. For Baptifi 
 Noel Vifcount Canttiden, ere&ed by his 
 third Son John Nor I, Eiq; at the Expencc 
 of a thoufknd Pounds, who died 10 Off. 
 1683. Atnt. 71. This Monument is zj. 
 Foo: hi^h,.aud 14 broad, the csquirttc 
 D o d'*d Wo?-
 
 57 8 
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 Mr. 
 
 granted this Manor and divers .other E- 
 ftates to him belonging in this and 
 other Counties, to Thomas Mowbray Earl 
 of Nottingham, who was thereupon ad- 
 vanced to the Title of Duke of Norfolk, 
 from which Time, to the Reign of 
 King Henry VII. this Manor had the 
 fame Pofleflbrs as Uppingham, viz.- the 
 Neviltt, from whom it pafled to the 
 
 Work of the incomparable Artift 
 Gnmlln Gibbon, the King's Carver. 
 
 G P- s. E T H A M, a Village, of which 
 we have this Account in Domefday- 
 Book. At the Time of the Norman 
 Conqueft, one Gada held in Gretham 3 
 Carucates of Land, as they were ratca 
 to the Geld or Tax. The whole Land 
 was 8 Carucates. Afterwards King Wil- 
 liam held two Carucates in Demcfne, and Crown, as is there more largely related, 
 had thirty-three Villains, and four Ear- to which we refer our Reader. 
 darii, who had eight Carucates, one Mill, This Manor being thus in the Crown, 
 and fevcn Acres of Meadow. Here was was at length granted by King Edward 
 alfo a Wood (Jifoa per loca paJMis) fixtecn VI. (then valued at 26 I 10 s. $d. 1 /fey- 
 Furlongs in Length, and fcven in Ann.) with feverai other Lordfhips, then 
 Breadth. All which were valued in the called Warwick Lands, to his Sifter the 
 Time of King Edward the Confeflor, at Princefs Elizabeth, (afterwards Queen) 
 fcven Pounds, but at the Time of durante beneplacito, which was a fliort 
 the Survey at ten Pounds per Ann. Time; forwithina Year or two after the 
 In the Reign of King Stephen, Roger fame King granted this Manor, with other 
 Earl of Warwick, Son of Hmry de New- Eftates, to Sir Thomas Cheyney, Knt. to 
 burgh, the firft Earl of Warwick after hold of the King in Capite, by Knight's 
 the Conqueft, gave to the Knights Service. He feems to have alienated it 
 Templars eleven Shillings, yearly Rent, foon ; for in the third Year of Queen 
 out of his Mill at Greetham in the Coun- Elizabeth's Reign, Francis Earl of Eed- 
 ty of Rutland; as alfo four Oxgangs of ford, was in Pofleflion of this Manor, 
 La iid in that Lordfhip. Waleran Earl of which he held of the Queen by Knight's 
 Warw'i k, fecond Son of the faid Roger, Service, and obtained a Licenfe to 
 by Gundred, the Daughter of Waleran alienate it to Sir J-ames Harrington, Knt. 
 Earl of MalJent, and Sncceflor of his whole Son and Heir, John Lord Harring- 
 Broiher William, who died without If- ton, died feixed of this Manor of Gre- 
 fue, in his Earldom had this Town and tham, which he held in Capite, by the 
 Cotefmore for Part of his Poflefiions; he 4oth Part of a Knight's Fee, 13 Jac. I. 
 died in the 6th Year of King John, and From the Harringtons it pafled, within a 
 gave the faid Manors to his younger few Years, by Purchafc, to the Noets> 
 Son, named alfo Waleran, who having viz> 21 Jac. I. who had a Licenfe foon 
 no Iflue, thcfe Manors, with the Earl- after to fell it to the Duke of Bucking- 
 dom, and divers other Lordfhips, fell ham, of whole Son and Heir the late 
 
 to Alice his Aunt, the Sifter of Earl 
 Waleran, v- ho marrying to William Mart- 
 duitof Hanjlape in the County of Bucks, 
 transferred thefc Manors to his Family, 
 and left them to William Maudult her 
 Son, who fjom that Time enjoyed the 
 Honour of Earl of Warwick ; but having 
 no Iflue, his Honour and Eftate paf- 
 
 Duke of Buckingham, George ViMars, the 
 Right Honourable Daniel Earl of Not- 
 tingham, pnrchafed it with Bterley on the 
 Hill, and other Eftates, and is the pre- 
 fent Lord. 
 
 Befides what relates to this Manor of 
 Gretham, it appears by an Inquifition 
 taken 20 Eliz- that Jane, the Wife 
 
 20 
 
 fed to William Beatt'hamp ofEImley-CaJHe of Thomas Lynne, was the Daughter 
 in Wcrceferjbire, the Son of Ifabel his and next Heir of Jane Traughton de- 
 Sifter, in whofc Family it continued, ceafed, and, as fuch, held two Mef- 
 till Thomas de Beaurhamp, Earl of Warwick, fuages, two Clofes, of which the one 
 v/ho having forfeited his Eftate by his was called Temple-Barr.es, and the other 
 treafonable Prafikes, King Rjclard II. TempIe-FieMf, lying in Strtttw and Gre-
 
 R V? LA NT> SHIR E. 579 
 
 tbam, and oe Wood, called Tbickmore in the aid Year of King Henry III. the Prior 
 Gretbam, by Eftimation nine Acres of of the Holy Sepulchre at Warwick, pre- 
 
 fentcd to the Vicarage of the Church of 
 Gretbam, which confitted (as it was then 
 fet out) in all the Altarage, and a com- 
 petent Manfion-houfe, which was allowed 
 the Vicar upon Condition, that he mould 
 pay annually to the Canons of that Houfe 
 one Mark ; and further, when that 
 Houfe was furveyed by Commiflioners 
 
 Land, and another Wood in Greetbam 
 called Fulwood, containing by Eftimation 
 the like nine Acres, all which were held 
 of the Queen in Capite, by Knight's Ser- 
 
 vice. 
 
 The Church of this Place is a Vica- 
 rage, valued in the King's Books at 
 5 /? 9 s. 8 d. The prefent Patron is the 
 
 Right Honourable the Earl of Netting- appointed for that Purpofe, 26 Hen. VIII. 
 bam, who purchafed the Manor^ with all the Retory of this Church was found. 
 
 its Appertinances, of the late Duke of 
 Bucks Truftees. This right worthy No- 
 
 and returned to be Part of their Pof- 
 fefiions : but the Houfe was there made 
 
 blemanhath, out of his pious Gcnerofi- a Priory of Canons regular. 
 
 ty, by his Indenture made n Sept. iyoz, In the third Year of Kin<^ 
 
 freely demifed to the Vicar of this Church the Re&ory here, which had lately be- 
 
 /. . / ^ . 1 !_._!- -I T* /* O . . 
 
 VI. 
 
 and "his Succeflbrs for ever, all the 
 Tithes of Corn, Grain, Hay and Wood, 
 ariiing, iffuing and growing in Woolfox, 
 being the Inheritance of Anthony Palmer, 
 Efq; for an Augmentation of at leaft 
 eight Pounds per Ann. to the Vicarage 
 of Gretbam. Henry Fofter alfo oiTbifsle- 
 
 longed to the Priory of St. Sepukbrsi at 
 Warwick, then fupprefled, was farmed 
 at the yearly Rent of four Pounds fix 
 Shillings and eight Pence, but being 
 efcheated to the Crown, was given to 
 
 -_- . from whom it 
 
 parted to John Lord Harrington, who in 
 
 ton in this County, Gent, did by another the eleventh Year of King James I. died 
 
 Indenture, much about the fame Time, feized of it, which he had held in Socage 
 
 give unto the fame Vicar of Greetbam, of the Honour of Hampton-Court, by Fealty 
 
 " r - 11 ' 1 ~"' only. From the Heirs of this Lord ' 
 
 and his Succeflbrs for ever, all the Tithes 
 of Corn, Grain, Hay and Wood, hap- 
 pening, growing and arifmg from the 
 Lands of iVveral Freeholders, in the faid 
 Parilh of Gretham, which are reputed 
 worth annually i 5 /. per Annum. He alfo 
 gave ten Pounds a Year to a School- 
 mafter, to teach fuch poor Children as 
 their Parents were not able to give them 
 that Education, to read in the Englijh 
 Bible, and learn them theCatechifm uled 
 in the Church of England, which Sum he 
 
 it 
 
 palled to the Duke of Bucks, and from 
 him to the Earl of Nottingham. 
 
 STRETTON, in Domefday-Book cal- 
 led Stratum, and thus defcribed : Stra- 
 tone at the Conqueft was a Berew or 
 Hamlet belonging to Overton, and had 
 the fame Owner, viz.. Juditb the Counters 
 of Huntington, the Conqueror's Niece, 
 which fhe firft obtained by her Mar- 
 riage with Waltheof of Northumberland ; 
 yet one Alureda, a Saxon, claimed a fourth 
 Part of it at that Time, but we believe 
 
 ordered by his laft Will and Teftament, 
 
 to be paid out of an Eftate in Swinefoead did not obtain his Right at that Jun&ure, 
 
 and Buckmixfter in Lincolnfoire, of which being forced to giro Place to Power. In 
 
 he made the Juftices of Peace for rhis whole Pofleffion this Manor continued in 
 
 County Truftees, as is before laid in 
 
 Empingbam. The Retory belonged of 
 
 old to the Priory of the Holy Sepulchre 
 
 the Reigns after the Conqueror, we 
 have no Memoirs to inform us, till the 
 Reign of King Edward II. when it ap- 
 
 of Warwick ; for 'though we do not find pears that the King was the immediate 
 when this Re&ory with the Vicarage Lord of this Manor, and that the King' 
 appendant was given to that Priory, nor Efcheator on the South-fide of Trent, 
 by whom, (tho' it is probable it was gi- gave an Account of certain Tenements 
 ven by Roger Earl of Warwick) yet we in Stratton, formerly belonging to Nicbo~ 
 oblerve from ancient Records, that in las Sfgrave, which he held offobn de $>- 
 
 D d d d
 
 580 
 
 KUT LJN<D SHIR E. 
 
 grave, by the Service of one CIove-Gilli- 
 flower. He left this Manor and other 
 Eftates to his only Daughter and Heir 
 Maud, who marrying Edmund de Bohun, 
 carried them all into his Family, hi 
 which it continued fome Time, but 
 how long, v/e know not. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry VI. this 
 Town and Lordfhip of Stretton belonged 
 to Humphrey Duke- of Glocefter, that 
 King's Uncle, at whofe earneft Requeft, 
 the faid King by his Letters Patents, da- 
 ted at Windfor 2.4. July Reg. 16. granted to 
 the Tenants of his faid Uncle in this 
 Manor, their Heirs and Succeffbrs, robe 
 for ever free and exonerated from all 
 Tenths and Quota's of Tenths of Goods 
 and Chattels, which may or mall here- 
 after be granted in Parliament from the 
 Laity ; and that they mail be taxed to the 
 fifteenth after the fame Manner as the 
 Boroughs and ancient Villages are and 
 have been, which are Demesnes of the 
 Crown. At the fame Time pardoning to 
 the fame Men of Stretton all Debts, Ac- 
 tions and Demands, then due to the faid 
 King. In After-times this Manor came 
 into the Family of the Harringtons ', for by 
 an Inquifition taken at Okeham zz Mar. 
 14 Jac. I. it appears, that after the 
 Death of John Lord Harrington the Elder, 
 the faid Lord died feized, among other 
 Things, of the Manor of Stretton, which 
 he held in Socage of the Manor ofEaft 
 Greenwich, and by the Rent of ten Shil- 
 lings per Ann. 
 
 The Church of this Place is a Refto- 
 ry, valued in the Kings Books at 7 
 Pounds 17 Shillings, and unlefs the 
 Advowfon be in the Earl of Gainsborough, 
 whofe Anceftors bought the Harrington's 
 Eftare, we can't conjefture to whom it 
 belongs. 
 
 Within this Parifli of Stretton, tho' 
 near a Mile from the Town it felf, and 
 on the very Edge of Lincohjhire, lies a 
 fair Sent called Stocking-Hall, the Habi- 
 tation of Samuel Brown, Efq; who ferved 
 for this County as a Member of the Par- 
 lament which fat at Wejlminjltr, 12. Car. 
 II. i<J6o, and was afterward High She- 
 riff of Rutland in the Year 1677, *9 Car, 
 
 II. in -which Office his Ahceftors had 
 ferved their Country in many former 
 Reigns, as William Brown, 7 and 15 of 
 King Edward IV. the ill of King Richard 
 
 III. and ad of King Henry VII. Chrifio- 
 pher Brown, the 8th and i6th of Henry 
 VII. and i ft of Henry VIII. Francis Brown, 
 the 1 6th of King Henry VIII. and Anthony 
 Brown, the 37th of King Henry VIII. 
 jth of K. Philip and Q^ Mary t and ijth 
 of Queen Elizabeth. 
 
 THISSLSTON, a Village, of which 
 we have this Account in Domefday-Book: 
 At the Conqueft, one Erich a Saxon, had 
 Haifa Carucate of Land in this Manor, 
 as it was rated to the- Geld or Tax. But 
 afterward when the Domefday- Survey 
 was made, one- Hugo the Fanner of 
 Countefs Judith, held in this Town, then 
 called Tijterton, one Carucate, and had 
 fix Villains, having one Carucate, which 
 Eftate, .in the Time of King Edward, was 
 valued at 20 Shillings, but at the faid 
 Survey at 40. Here was alfo another 
 Manor pofleffed at the Conqueft by one 
 Siward, containing half a Carucate of 
 Land, as it was taxed at the Geld ; but 
 at the Time of the Survey, Alured de 
 LincoJe held here one Carucate, and had 
 three Villains, and two Bordarii, who had 
 Half a Carucate ; all which were va- 
 lued at zo Shillings in the Time of King 
 Edward the Confeflbr, bur when the 
 Survey was taken, atfixty Shillings. Who 
 were Lords after this we find not , till 
 
 The zpth of Edward^ I. when Hugo de 
 Ba/ey, Knt. being then Lord of this Ma- 
 nor, received the King's Writ of Sum- 
 mons to attend him, well fitted with 
 Horfe and Arms, at Berwick upon Tweed, 
 from thence to march againft the Scots. 
 His Son or next Heir, John de Buffey, 
 then Lord of Thlfrleton, divided the Ma- 
 nor into two Parts, giving one of them 
 to Nicholas Bujfey his eJdeft Son, and the 
 other with the Advowfon of the Church 
 to his younger Son John, who was Lord 
 of this Manor in the ninth Year of King 
 Edward II. 
 
 In this Name and Family of Bufley, 
 this Lordfliip of Thifsleton continued, till 
 the z8th Year of King Henry VIII. when 
 
 another
 
 R U? L A NT> S H I R E. 
 
 581 
 
 another John Buffey dying without Ifiue 
 Male, left only one Daughter, Agnes, 
 for his fole Heir, who became the Wire 
 of Sir Edmund Brudnell of Dean in North- 
 amptonjh'tre, Knt. but flie dying without 
 Iffue, her Eftate defcended to Anthony 
 Meers, her next Kinfman and Heir at 
 Law, who, in the twenty-fourth Year of 
 Q^ Elizabeth's Reiijn, fold and conveyed 
 this Manor, together with other Lands 
 in other Places, which he had by Inhe- 
 ritance from the faid Agnes, to the laid 
 Sir Edmund Erudneli and his Heirs for 
 ever, who now being made Earls of 
 Cardigan, enjoy this Manor and Eftate. 
 This Family of Brudnetts were Men of 
 Note after they came into this County, 
 by the Marriage of Agnes Buffej, and the 
 Purchafe Sir Edmund made of her Heir, 
 Mr. Ant. Meers', for Thomas Brudnell, Efq, 
 was High Sheriff of this County the aoth 
 of King Henry VIII. and Edward Brud- 
 nell, Efq; held the fame Office 6 Phil. 
 and Alary I. They have a Seat in this 
 County at AJlon near Uppiagbam. 
 
 Betides the Manor aforefaid, it was 
 found by an Inquifition taken at Okeham 
 in this County, za March 13 Jac. I. 
 that John Lord Harrington the Elder di- 
 ed feiz-ed, among other Eftates, of two 
 Meffuages, and "fifty Acres of Land in 
 this Town of Tbifleton, which he held of 
 the King in Capite, by the hundredth Part 
 of a Knight's Fee. 
 
 The Church here is a Reftory, valu- 
 ed in the King's Books at 3 Pounds 1 1 
 Shillings. The Advowfon was in the 
 Family of the Btt/ys, when they were 
 Lords of this Manor, as appears from 
 three feveral Prefentationsmade^ them, 
 the one in the 3d Year of King Henry 
 III. by Lambert de Bujfsy, who then pre- 
 fented to the Church of Tkrjleton; another 
 made in the 33d Year of the fame King, 
 by Sir Hugh de Buffey, Knt. and another 
 in the 7th Year of King Edward II. by 
 Sir J-obn de Bitjfey, Knt. Son and Heir of 
 Sir Hm>by who then prefented Thomas He 
 Botham his Chaplain, to the Church of 
 Thijleton, by his Deed dated at Oxbam, on 
 Cbrijimas-day, Anno Domini 1313; but it 
 appears by the Accounts in the Court of 
 3 
 
 Augmentations, 3 Edta. VI. that the 
 King's Receiver then accounted for the 
 Sum of twenty Shillings, paid by the 
 Re&or of Thijleton^ to the late Pre- 
 ceptory of Temple-Brewer in Lincolnfiire', 
 and the Sum of one Shilling paid out of 
 the faid Keftory to the Preceptory of 
 Dingley in Northamptonjhire. We do not 
 doubt but the Advowfon of this Re&ory 
 is at prefent in the Right Honourable the 
 Earl of Cardigan, as Lord of the Ma- 
 nor. 
 
 Mr. Henry Fojler of this Town, did by 
 his laft Will and Teftamcnt, dated 30 
 Au*. 1702, give ten Pounds a Year to a 
 School-maftcr, for the Time being, to 
 teach fuch poor Children, whofc Parents 
 are not able to give them that Educa- 
 tion, to read in the EngHJb Bible, and 
 to learn them theCatechilm ufed in the 
 Church of England, making the Juftices 
 of this County, and their Succeflbrs, 
 Truftees, as is mentioned in Emp'wgham 
 above. 
 
 TIG HE, or Tye, a Village bordering 
 upon Leicejlerjljire, of which we have this 
 Dcfcription in Domefday-Book : At the 
 Conqueft, one Godwin a Saxon, held this 
 Manor, being then taxed at one Caru- 
 cate of Land and an half, tho'the whole 
 Land was five Games tes. But afterward 
 when the Conqueror's Survey was made, 
 Robert Mettet held here two Carncates, 
 which had on it fifteen Villains having 
 four Carucates. Here was alib a Meadow 
 of four Furlongs in Length, and as ma- 
 ny in Breadth, with a Mill of two Shil~ 
 iings ; all which together were valued at 
 that Time at four Pounds. 
 
 In the apth Year of King Edward L 
 John de Folvile, then Lord of this Manor, 
 received the King's Writ, then command- 
 ing him to attend him, well fitted with 
 Horfe and Arms, on the Nativity of St. 
 jfobn Baltift, at Berwick upon Tweed, from 
 thence to march againft the Scots. This 
 jfobn was one of the Knights of the Shire 
 ifor this County in levcral Parliament*, 
 during the Reign of this King. This 
 Manor continued fome SuccefTions in 
 this Family ; for in the i6th Year uf 
 King Edward III, John Folwle Lord of 
 -
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE, 
 
 in Leceiferfiire, granted to 
 William Kxytlwp, Parfon of the Church 
 of that Place, the Manor of Tye in the 
 County of Rutland, and all other Lands 
 and Tenements, which Alice de Folvile his 
 Mother held in Dower, after the Death 
 of Ettjtachitis de Folvile his Father, which 
 Grant was certainly in Truft ; (Clergy- 
 men appearing in thofe Days molt proper 
 Truttees in divers Rcfpefts) and accord- 
 ingly that in the ^/th Year of the fame 
 King Edward III. the faid William Kay- 
 thorp did convey over the faid Manor of 
 Tye, &c. which he had of the Gift of 
 John Folvile, Knt. to Jeffrey Folvile, Knt. 
 and Ifabel his Wife ; which Jeffrey was the 
 fecond Son of Sir John Folvile above- 
 mentioned, and at length his Heir, his 
 elder Brother dying without Iflue. 
 
 In later Times the Family of Helwetts 
 became Lords of this Manor, as alfo of 
 Part of Whitfundine in this County, and 
 Stamby and Gunby in Lincolnshire ; all 
 which Lordfhips came by the Heirs ge- 
 neral into the Family of the Sherards, 
 Thomas Sherard of Stapleford in the faid 
 County of Leicejler, .having, about the 
 Reign of King Henry VII. married Mar- 
 garet, the fole Heir of John de Helwell, 
 Efq;. This Thomas was great Grandfa- 
 ther to Sir William Sherard, Knt. whom 
 his lare Majefty King Charles I. of blef- 
 fed Memory, by his Letters Patents, da- 
 ted 10 July Reg. 3. created Lord Sherard, 
 and Baron of Trim in Ireland, whofe Son 
 and Heir the Right Honourable ~Ber.net 
 Lord Sherard, or his Defendants, are the 
 prefent Lords of this Manor. This Fa- 
 roily of Sherards are defcended from Shi- 
 rard, who lived in England in the Conque- 
 ror's Reign, and had great Poffemons 
 in the Counties of Chefter and Lane after. 
 This Family of the Sherards have been 
 long noted Gentlemen in this County ; 
 for we find Lawrence Sherard, \6 Hen. 
 VI. Robert Shear d, 31 ditto, JtffrtJ She- 
 rard, 8 Edw. IV. and 20 ditto; as alfo 
 a Rjfb. III. Thomas Sherard 10 and 21 
 Hen. VII. and George .Sherard 36 Hen. VIII. 
 and 4 //'. to have been High Sheriffs of 
 this County. 
 
 The Church here is a Refiory, valued 
 in tke King's Books at 147. z s. lod. 
 
 The Advowfon was in the $$d Year of 
 King Henry III. in William Folvile, Knt. 
 who then prefented to the Church of 
 Tye as Patron of the fame ; but in the 
 loth Year of King Edward I. Oliver Sut- 
 ton being then Bifhop of Lincoln, the Lord 
 Edmund, the King's Brother, (who then 
 bore the Title of King of Sicily) prefent- 
 ed to this Church of Tye. The Lady Joan 
 de Folvile, by Reafon of the Guardian- 
 fhip and Cuftody of Alice her Daughter, 
 the fole Heir of William Folvile, decea- 
 fed, did conteft with the faid Lord Ed- 
 mund, about his Right of Prefentation 
 to this Church, but foon withdrew her 
 Pretenfions. The prefent Patron is the 
 Right Honourable Eennet Lord Sherard, 
 or his Heirs. 
 
 In this Church are two ancient Mo- 
 numents, known to be fuch, by the 
 Character, for the Date is not legible, 
 viz. for WiWam Shoile, Batchelor of Law| 
 and John Elonfeld. There is alfo a Grave- 
 ftone in the Middle of the Chancel, for 
 Mr. James Adamfon, a Scotchman, who 
 was Reftor of this Church, and in the 
 Times of the late Rebellion, approved 
 himfelf a found Royalift, as well in 
 Sufferings as obeying his King. He was 
 one and thirty Years Reftor of this 
 Church, and died 8 March 1661. 
 
 VV H i s s E N D i N E, Wichingedene, Whif- 
 fendone, Wyflenden, or WhiJJundine, as it is 
 variously written in our Records. At 
 the Coming of William the Norman, Earl 
 Wallef(OT fValtheofiheld Wichedene, which 
 was rated to the Tax or Geld at four Ca- 
 rucates. The whole Land was twelve 
 Carucates; but afterwards, when the 
 Survey** called Domefday-Book, was 
 made, Hugo de Hotot, who was the Far- 
 mer under Judith Countcfs of Huntington, 
 held here five Carucates, and had twenty 
 feven Villains, and CixBordarii, or Cotta- 
 gers, who had eight Carucates. In the Time 
 of King Edward the Confeflbr, the whole 
 Manor was valued at 8 Pounds per Ann, 
 but when the Survey was made at 1 2 
 Pounds a Year. 
 
 In the following Reigns, from the Con- 
 queror to King Edward II. we have no 
 Account in whofe Hands this Manor was 
 but in the Time of the later, Reg. 9. we 
 
 find
 
 find the Manor divided among feveral 
 Lords, viz- Thomas Wakes, who held one 
 Moiety of Whejjlndon with Robert de Hele- 
 tvelle, and Richard de Harincton, and John 
 de Witteleblrye, who were Lords of the o- 
 ther Moiety. The Family of Wake were 
 in Poffeflion of their Moiety, in the 23d 
 Year of King Edward III. when Thomas 
 Lord Wake dying feized of this Eftare 
 without Iflue, left it to his Sifter 
 and Heir Margaret, then Countefs of 
 Kent, and Widow of Edmund of Wwdjlock 
 Earl of Kent, fecond Son of King Ed- 
 ward I. Her Sons, Edmund and John, 
 both of them fucceflively Earls of Kent, 
 inherited this Eftate, and died feized of 
 it ; but leaving no Iflue, J-oan their Si- 
 fter, then Wife of Sir Thomas Holland, 
 Knt. became their Heir, and left it to 
 her Son Thomas Holland, who in her Right 
 became Lord Wake and Earl of Kent. 
 His Sons Thomas and Edmund inherited 
 fucccffively this Eftate afcer their Fa- 
 ther's Death, and the Honour that came 
 by their Grandmother, but both dying 
 without Iflue, their large Eftate became 
 dividable among their five Sillers and 
 Heirs, of whom Eleanor the Eldeft ob- 
 tained this Manor upon the Partition. 
 She married twice, to wit, Roger 
 Mortimer Earl of March, and Edward 
 Charlton Lord Powls ; but by them had 
 only Daughters, of which Joan her third 
 Daughter, left Henry Grey her Son and 
 Heir, the Inheritance of this Manor of 
 Wiffenden, with its Appertinanees, which 
 he held of the King In Capite, by the 
 Service of the hundredth Part of a 
 Knight's Fee. His Son Richard, and 
 Grandfon John, fucceeded him -.-in this 
 Manor, and held it by the fame Tenure, 
 till the Death of the later, which hap- 
 pened in the tenth Year of King Henry 
 VII. The Hehwells Eftate remained in 
 that Name alfo, till about the fame 
 King's Reign, when by an Heir Female 
 it parted to the Sherards, who at prefent 
 enjoy it ; the Right Honourable the 
 Heir of Bennet Lord Sherard, being now, 
 or lately, Lord of it. William de Hele- 
 weU, of this Family, was Knight of the 
 Shire for this County, 6 Edw* IL 
 3 
 
 The Eftate of Richard de Harrington in 
 this Town, (called Morehall) was pafled 
 in the Reign of King Edward II. to the 
 Earl of Richmond, of whom, Matthew 
 Eron held it by the Rent of four Pounds 
 per Ann. The Whlttleburles (which were 
 a Family of great Antiquity in this 
 Town) held their Part of this Town 
 divers Succeffions; for Alberlck de Wittlc- 
 bury, Son of the fore-mentioned John, 
 paid to King Edward III. Reg. 12. IZ 
 Shillings and 6 Pence, as a Relief for 
 one Melfuage, 22 Yard-lands and an 
 half, and 20 Acres of Meadow in Wif- 
 fenden, held of that King In Capite, bf 
 the 8th Part of a Knight's Fee, and his 
 Son Thomas in the fame Reign, Anno 25. 
 paid the like Sum for a Relief for the 
 fame Eftate. In the third Year of King 
 Henry IV. it was found, that Alfred the 
 Son and Heir of John Wittlebury, held 
 the fame Eftate of the King In Capite, as> 
 of his Manor of Huntingdon, by the fame 
 Service. This Eftate, with two other 
 Manors in this Town, arc now all united 
 by the Name of the Manors of Morehali^ 
 Whlttlebury and fowls, and are in the Pof- 
 feflion of a younger Son of the Lord 
 Sherard or his Heirs. The Family of 
 Whlttlebury, as it was one of the moft 
 ancienr, fo it was for a Time one of tin-, 
 moft eminent Families of Gentry in this 
 County ; for Alherick de Whlttlebury y 9 
 Edw. I. John de Whlttlsbury, (who was 
 alfo Knight of rhe Shire, \ and 2 Edw. 
 III.) 47 Edw. III. and i. 5. and 11 Rich, 
 II. were High Sheriffs of this County, 
 and we fuppofe another John-was Knight 
 of the Shire for this County, 5 and 7 
 Rich. II, 
 
 The Church of Whlffundine is a Vica- 
 rage, valued in the King's Books at 7 
 Pounds, and one Shilling, which being 
 too fmall a Maintenance for a Minifter, 
 Mr. Henry Fojler of Tbiftleton, by his laft 
 Will, gave and granted ten Pounds fa 
 Ann. out of his Eftate in Swlnfiead and 
 Jlttikmlnfler in Lincofajhire above mention- 
 ed, to augment the Vicarage fpr ever, 
 fettled as is above related in E*n$lng~ 
 ham. The Advo\vfon of the Church V.T . 
 in the T 7th Year of King Efawd I. in
 
 584 R U ? L A N 
 
 the Monaftery of Lundors t or L'wdores, in 
 the County of Fife in Scotland ; for Sir 
 John Swinbourne, Knt. and Friar, John de 
 Lundorsy as Procurators of the Abbot and 
 Convent of the laid Monaftery, did pre- 
 fent to this Church of Wiffenden ; but in 
 the next Reign it feems, as if the Patro- 
 nage of it was fome way or other aliena- 
 
 te from that Monaftery, becaufe, in the 
 1 4th Year of King Edward II. the Re- 
 gifter of Lincoln mews that John Priefl of 
 Styndington was prciented to the Vica- 
 rage of this Church of Whiffonden, by the 
 Prior and Convent of Sempringham in 
 Lincoln fare, and admitted to the fame at 
 Newark by Henry BergherJ!} y then Bifhop 
 of Lincoln, 28 May 1521. 
 
 The Reftory all this while was appro- 
 priated to the laid Monafteries, who had 
 the Prefentation to the Vicarage, as is 
 made probable by this. That at the 
 Diflblution of the Monafteries, the Pri- 
 ory of Sttnfrittgbam above-faid was in 
 Pofleflion of the Reftory of Wkiffundene* 
 v/hich was in Leafe to Michael Raine, at 
 the yearly Rent of twenty- two Pounds, 
 demifed to him by an Indenture under 
 the Seal of that Convent, dated 20 J-une 
 1537, 2.6 Hen. VIII. The prefent Patron 
 of the Vicarage (if not the Impropriator) 
 is the Right Honourable the Lord She- 
 tard. In the Chancel of this Church is 
 an Alaballer Tomb for Bartholomew Vil- 
 Jers, fecond Son of William Villers of 
 Brokesly in Leifefttrjbtrv, and Margaret 
 his Wife. It is ancient, but fo much 
 defaced, that the Date and Pedigree of 
 the Wife, an Heirefs, doth not appear ; 
 but we judge her to have been one of 
 the Daughters of Thomas Holland the E - 
 der, Lord Wake, and Earlof^jrf, Sifter 
 and one of the Heirs of the laft Lord, 
 Edmund. 
 
 W H i T w F. L x,, a fmall Village, fituate 
 on the Banks of the River Gttajh, of 
 which we have this Defcription in Domef- 
 day-Book. At the Entrance of the Nor- 
 man Conqueror, one Eefy a Saxon, was 
 Lord of this Manor of Witewelle, which 
 was then taxed to the Geld at one Ca- 
 rucate, but the Land was three Caru- 
 cates. Afterwards at the Time of the 
 Survey, when Domefday-Eook was drawn 
 
 D S H I R E. 
 
 up, one Herberttts held here in Farm of 
 Countcfs Judith, the Conqueror's Niece, 
 one Carucate of Land, with fix Villains 
 and four Bordarii, who had two Caru- 
 cates. There were alfo here at that 
 Time a Church, and a Prieft, twenty 
 Acres of Meadow, and one Mill, of the 
 Value of twelve Pence ; as alfo a Pafture- 
 Wood (Jilva per loco, paftilis) of fix Fur- 
 longs, and fix Perches in Length, and 
 three Furlongs and thirteen Perches in 
 Breadth; all which were then valued at 
 forty Shillings. 
 
 Judith the Conntefs difpleafing her 
 Uncle the Conqueror, was ftript of the 
 vaft Eftate he had given her, and it 
 was fettled on her Daughters, Maud t 
 Alice and Judith, but to which of them 
 this Manor fell, we know not, and fo are 
 at no Certainty in \vhofe_ Hands it was, 
 till the Reign of King; Edward II. when 
 the Prior of the Hofpital of St. John of 
 Jerttfalem is faid to be Lord of this Ma- 
 nor of Whitwell, but who gave it that 
 Order, we are not fully informed. 
 Thefe Hofpitalers were allb called 
 Knights of St. John of Jerufakm, and 
 are now called Knights of Malta. Their 
 Order was diflolved in England, by a Sta- 
 tute made in the 3ad Year of King Hen, 
 VIII. when it feems that this Eftate was 
 granted to the Harringtons of Exton, in 
 which Family it continued feveral Suc- 
 ceflions ; for in the Reign of Q^ Mary, 
 Anno I. Sir John Harrington, Knt. died 
 feized of it, which he held of that 
 Queen in Capite, by Knight's Service, 
 and fo in like Manner, 13 Jac. I. John 
 Lord Harrington the Elder died feiz,ed 
 of it, and lefc it to his Son John Lord 
 Harrington, who dying without If- 
 fuc, his Sifter Lucy, married to Edward 
 Earl of Bedford, was his Heir; but being 
 a very profufe Lady, fold it to Sir Bap- 
 tift Hirks, Knt. by whofe Heirefs and 
 Daughter JuUnn, it palled by Marriage 
 to the Family of Noels, afterwards Vif- 
 counts Camlden, nnd now Earls of Qainf- 
 borough, in whole Pofleflion it is now, as 
 we fnppofe, but in a younger Branch. 
 
 The Family Flore, or Flower (a Name 
 of great Note anciently in this County) 
 had a Seat in this Town, with an Eftate 
 
 of
 
 R I 
 
 of Freehold thereunto belonging, viz. 
 two Mefluages, twenty Acres of Mea- 
 dow, and one Water-MiJl, which they 
 held of the Prior of John of Jerufalem in 
 England, as of his Manor ofWhitwell, by 
 the Rent of 7 Shillings per Ann. and 
 Suit of Court, as was found by an In- 
 quifition taken at Ketton in this County, 
 1 5 Hen. VIII. after the Death , of Richard 
 Flower, Eft}; who left it, with other E- 
 ftates, to Roger Flower his Son. This Fa- 
 mily of Flore, or, as they wrote their 
 Name, Floure and Flower, was of fo 
 great Antiquity, Eminency, and Conti- 
 nuance in this County, that we can't 
 but take a particular Notice of it, as 
 Knight's of the Shire, who were William 
 Flore, 6 Rich. II. Roger Flore, 20 ditto, and 
 I and 4 Hen. IV. John Flore, 6 Hen. IV. 
 the former, or another Roger Flore, 2 Hen. 
 
 V. who was alfo Speaker oftheHouie of 
 Commons in the 4th, 5th and 7th Years 
 of that King, and i K. Hen. VI. but they 
 officiated much longer in the Office of 
 High Sheriff for this County ; for Wil- 
 liam Flore, 6 Rich. II. Thomas Flore, 9 Hen. 
 
 VI. as alfo the 2oth and 29th ditto, and 
 the 5th and loth of Edward IV. Richard 
 Floure, 22 Hew. VII. and John Flour e, n 
 and 19 of Qi Eliz. bore that Office. 
 There were alfo certain Lands in this 
 Town, formerly belonging to the Hofpi- 
 tal of Burton St. Lazarus in Leicefterjbire , 
 which were given by King Henry VIII. 
 Reg. 36. to John Dudley, then Vifcount 
 Lifle, and afterwards Earl firft of War- 
 wick, and then of Northumberland, upon 
 a referved Rent of forty-nine Shillings 
 per Annum. 
 
 The Re&ory of this Church is valued 
 in the King's Books at 57. and the Pa- 
 tron is, or lately was Mr. Noel, a youn- 
 ger Branch of the Gainsborough Family, 
 who is Lord of the Manor. In the 32d 
 Year of the Reign of King Edward I. 
 Friar William de Tclehall, Prior of the 
 Hofpital of St. John of Jerusalem, pre- 
 fented to this Church of Whitwell; and 
 'tis probable, that after the Manor came 
 to the Family of Harringtons, the Advow- 
 fon pafled along with it, and fo came in- 
 to the Family of Ifoel, who now have 
 it. 
 
 In this Church was, before the Sup- 
 preffion, a Chantry in our Lady's Chapel, 
 founded by Richard Wightwett, Prieft, one 
 of the Canons of the Cathedral Church 
 of Lincoln ; and the Particulars of it being 
 furveyed by certain Commiffioners ap- 
 pointed for that Purpofe, by King Ed- 
 ward VI. Reg. 2. were thus certified by 
 them, viz. / 
 
 * That this Chantry was founded for 
 
 * the Maintenance of one Prieft, to fing 
 
 * there for ever, and that it hath be- 
 
 * longing to it of Lands and Tenements, 
 
 * lying in divers Places in the Counties 
 
 * of Rutland and Lincoln, to the yearly 
 
 * Value of 107 Shillings and a Penny, 
 
 * of which there is in Rent refolute 
 
 * 3/. 4^. fo that there remaineth to the 
 
 * Chantry Prieft clear 105 Shillings and 
 ' nine Pence, out of which he paycth 
 ' Tenths to the King 91. n d. yearly. 
 
 * He is named Sir Robert Suckling, aged 
 
 * 46 Years, of honeft Converfation, and 
 ' hath always heretofore been exercifed 
 in the Education of Youth in Learning, 
 
 * but is unable to ferve a Cure, becaufe 
 ' he is purblind. At the Suppreffion in 
 ' the faid fecond Year of King Edward 
 
 * VI. there was found in it, and belong- 
 ing to it one Chalice weighing 10 
 
 * Ounces of Silver, which was delivered 
 
 * into the Jewel-houfe, and the Orna- 
 ' ments, Goods and Chatties were valu- 
 
 * ed at 131. lid. 
 
 The Lands and Tenements belonging 
 to this Chantry, and mentioned in our 
 Books, are, i. One Tenement, fituatcd 
 at the Eaft End of the Town of Norman- 
 ton, towards Empingham, with one little 
 Croft or Pightcl at the North End of 
 the fame, and divers Lands in the Fields 
 ofNormanton, then in the Tenure of John 
 Shorwood, at the Rent of eleven Shillings 
 per Ann. 2. One Tenement in Great 
 Hambleton, fituate over againft the 
 Church-yard, called the Chantry- houfe, 
 with a fmall Parcel of Land on the North- 
 fide of the fame. 3. A Clofe in Nether 
 Hambleton, with certain Lands thereunto 
 belonging, demifed to William Fcwler, at 
 the yearly Rent of twenty-two Shillings 
 and eight Pence ; all which Lands and 
 Tenements King Edward VI. by his Let- 
 E c e e tcrs
 
 ters Patents, bearing Date 1 6 Feb. Reg. 3. 
 granted to Edward Warner and John Gcf- 
 wide, who by their Deed dated ao Feb.. 
 
 of the fame Year, conveyed over the 
 fame to Robert Harbottle, his Heirs and 
 Affigns forever. 
 
 *TJ}is County hath given the Titles of Earl and Duke 
 to divers Families, and the firft was to Come of the. 
 Royal, viz. 
 
 EDward the eldeft Son of Edmund of 
 Langley, the fifth Son of King Erf- 
 vtard III. who was created Earl of Rut- 
 land, 25 Feb. 13 Rich. If. but to enjoy 
 that Title no longer than his Father's 
 Life, being, after his Death, Duke of 
 "fork. With his Honour he obtained a 
 Grant of the Caftle, Town and Lordfhip 
 qf Oieham, with the Shrievalty of this 
 County, and many other Preferments 
 and Eftates. He was after made Duke 
 of Albemarle by the faid King Richard; 
 but Henry Duke of Lancajler a (Turning the 
 Title ofKing foon after, he was ftript 
 of that Honour, and reduced to his Earl- 
 dom of Rutland and Corke ; but afterward 
 fo far recovered King Henry's Favour, 
 that he was reftorcd to his hereditary 
 Title of Duke of York. He left no Iflue ; 
 fo that his Nephew, the Son of Richard 
 Earl of Cambridge, viz.. 
 
 Richard Plantagenet was found to be his 
 next Heir. . He was Heir alfo by his Mo- 
 ther to Edmund Mortimer Earl of March, 
 being the Son of A N N E, the Daughter 
 of Rover Mortimer Earl of March, and 
 Sifter of Edmund, the laft Earl of March 
 of th..t Name, who died without Iflue, 
 3 Hen. V. He was defcended by his Mo- 
 ilier from Cicely, the only". Daughter of 
 Lionel Duke of Clarence, and as of the el- 
 der Family churned the Throne againft 
 Henry VI. in which Quarrel he loft his 
 Life ar the Battle of Wakefeld, but lea- 
 ving many Children, Edward his eldeft 
 .' mi carried on theContcit for the Throne, 
 ami became King) and then 
 
 "Edmund his next Son was created Earl 
 of Rutland, but enjoyed the Honour but 
 a little while, being barbaroufly ftabbed 
 by the Lord Clifford prefently after the 
 Battle of Wakefeld, being then but iz 
 Years old. Anno Domini 14.60. Thus this 
 Title expired in the Males of the Royal 
 Family, but after fome Time revived in 
 the Defcendants from the Female Branch ; 
 for Anne, the eldeft Daughter of Richard 
 Duke of York above-mentioned, marry- 
 ing Sir 'flwmas St. Leger, had by him 
 one fole Daughter and Heir Anne, who 
 became the Wife of George Matters .Lord 
 Roos, who dying in the fifth Year of K. . 
 Henry VIII. left Iflue by the faid Anne 
 
 Thomas Maners Lord Roos, who, inConr 
 ^deration of his high Defcent, was, on , 
 28 June 17 Hen. VIII. advanced to the 
 Title and Dignity of the Earl of Rut- 
 land, with an Entail to himfelf, and the 
 Heirs Males of his Body, and an Aug- 
 mentation of two Flower de Luce's, and 
 a Lion paflant-gardant to his Arms. He 
 being forward in promoting the Divorce 
 of Queen Catharine from that King, was 
 much in his Favour, and got thereby a 
 large Share of the Lands and Lordfhips 
 of divers diflolvcd Monaftcries in feveral 
 Counties. He died 2.0 Sept. 1543. and 
 was buried in the Chancel of the Church 
 of Botsford (near Behoir Caftle his Seat) 
 in Leicefterjbire, where a Monument for 
 himfelf and his Countefs Eleanor is ftill 
 remaining. He left a numerous IiTue, 
 viy* five Sons, and fix Daughters, of 
 which 
 
 Henry
 
 RUf LA NT> SHIRE. 
 
 Henry his eldeft Son inherited his Ho- 
 nour and the Bulk of his Eftate. He 
 having behaved himfelf well in the Scotch 
 Expedition, t Edtv. VI. was made Con- 
 ftable of Nottingham Caftle, and Chief 
 Tufticc of Shirwcod Forejt, 2. Edw. VI. 
 Warden of the Eaft and Middle Marches 
 towards Scotland, 3 Ed<w. VI. and Captain 
 General of all the Forces then about to 
 pafs the Seas into France, 3 & 4 Phil. B 
 Mary, Lord Lieutenant of the Counties 
 of Nottingham and Rutland, i Elii- and 
 laftly, Lord Prefident of the Council for 
 the Northern Parts of the Realm, and 
 Knight of the moft noble Order of the 
 Garter. He died \iSept. 1563. 5 Eliz.. 
 and left 
 
 Edward his eldeft Son and Heir his 
 Succeflbr. What was moft memorable 
 of him in his Life is graved on his 
 Tombftone ar Eotsford, *>.. That he was 
 Captain in the Expedition into the 
 North againft the Earls of Westmorland 
 and Northumberland, who were in Rebel- 
 lion, ii EH*.. That he was Lieutenant, 
 and of the Counfel to Thomas Earl of 
 Suffex, at that Time Generalijfimo of that 
 Queen's Forces ; that he was Lord Lieu- 
 tenant of the County of Lincoln, and 
 Knight of the Garter. He departed this 
 Lifet i^dprll 1587, without Iflue Male, 
 which confidering, that his Title of 
 Lord ROJ after his Death, would pafs to 
 his Heir General, becaufe it came to 
 his Family by the Mother Side, but the 
 Earldom was entailed on the Male Iflue, 
 he fettled his Eftate fo, as both Honours 
 might be fnpported; Elizabeth his Daugh- 
 ter, who married Sir William Cecil Lord 
 Burghleigh, carrying the Barony into 
 that Family ; and John his Brother ob- 
 taining the Earldom of Rutland, as the 
 next Heir Male. He was a Traveller 
 in his younger Years, but coming to an 
 Age fit for A&ion. He was a Colonel 
 of Foot in the Irifi Wars, Conftable of 
 Nottingham Caftle, and Lord Lieutenant 
 t>f Nottinghamshire ; and laftly, was fent 
 an Ambaflador into Denmark to the 
 Chrifteni'ng of that King's Son. He 
 died 15 Teb. 1587. To him fucceeded 
 
 Roger his Son and Heir. He was Lord 
 Lieutenant of Lin(oJnjljire 9 Conftable of 
 
 Nottingham Caftle, and Chief Jnftice of 
 Shirwoed-ForeJl; he was fent with the 
 Order of the Garter to the King of 
 Denmark. He died without Iflue ^6 JHV* 
 1612, leaving 
 
 Francis his Brother the Heir of his H(/- 
 nour and Eftate. He travelled young; 
 and had great Favours fhcwed him in all 
 the Courts of Europe. Returning home, 
 he was knighted at the Coronation of 
 King James I. and after his Brother's 
 Death made Lord Lieutenant of Lincoln- 
 Jlure, Juftice in Eire of all the King'* 
 Forefts, and Chafes on the North Sidu 
 of Trent, Knt. of the moft Noble Orde.' of 
 the Garter. He was one of the Lords who 
 were fpecially appointed to attend hu 
 Majefty in his Journey to Scotland, and 
 had the Command of his Majefty 's 
 great Ships and Pinnaces, which were 
 fent to fetch Prince Charles out of Sps.in* 
 And becaufe he was concerned that the 
 Title of Lord Res was gone out of his 
 Family by the Marriage of the Heir ge- 
 neral into that of the Cecils, and was 
 made ufe of by them ; he procured a 
 Patent bearing Date 2.2. July 14 Jac. I. 
 whereby it was declared, That in Con- 
 (i deration that he was poflefled of tha 
 Land and Barony of HamLike, he fiiould 
 thenceforth be accepted and called Lord- 
 Rcos of Hamlake, and that his Son and 
 Heir fhould enjoy the fame Name and 
 Title, but he died without Iflue Male, 
 17 Decemb. 1632, 8 Car. I. His Brother 
 
 Sir George Matters obtained the Earl- 
 dom, as the next Heir, which he en- 
 joyed near ten Years, but died without 
 Iflue, 29 Mar. 1641, and fo the Title of 
 Earl fell to 
 
 John Maners, Efq; who was then 
 feated at Haddon in the County of Darby,- 
 as next Heir Male, delcended from. 
 Thomas Maners, the firft Earl of Rutland^ 
 by John Maners his fecond Son, who by 
 Dorothy the Daughter of Sir George Verjion 
 ofHaMn had Sir George Maners, who 
 was the Father of this John, to whom 
 the Earldom now came. His Son jpohti, 
 who was called Lord Rot in his Father's 
 Life-time, was fummoned to Parliament 
 31 Car. II. by the Title of John Lord 
 Maners of Hadrian, but his Father dying 
 E e e e z tutt
 
 the fame Year, fie became Earl of Rut- 
 land in 1 703, by the Name of 
 
 John Maners, the fecond Earl of that 
 Name. He was farther advanced by her 
 Majcfty Queen ANNE, to the Titles 
 of Marquefs of Granby, and Duke of Rut- 
 land, which Titles his Succeflbrs enjoy. 
 He was married thrice, viz. i. to the 
 Lady ANNE Pierpoint, cldcft Daughter 
 to Henry Marquefs of Derchejter, by whom 
 he had two Sons, but their Mother dy- 
 ing, divorced by the Court Chriftian, 
 her Children were difabled from inhe- 
 riting, and the Earl was allowed again 
 to marry, which he accordingly did.. 
 2. To Diana, Daughter to Robert Earl 
 of Aylesbury, Widow of Sir Seymour Shirley , 
 Bare, whom he furvivcd, and having no 
 Children by her, married, 5. Catharine 
 the Daughter of Baptijl Vi (count Camb- 
 elett, by whom he had two Sons, John 
 who inherited the Earldom, and Lord 
 Thomas Baptift Maners. He died in an 
 advanced Age in 1711, leaving this fair 
 Character behind, viz- That he was a 
 Man of unblemiflied Morp Is, generous 
 and hofpitable, without the lead Ap- 
 pearance of Vanity ; a loyal Subjeft, a 
 
 worthy Patriot of his Country, a Lo- 
 ver ot the Church, and a liberal Patron 
 to its Clergy. He was courteous to his 
 neighbouring Gentry, an indulgent Fa- 
 ther to his Children and Grand-children, 
 generous and kind to his Servants, and 
 very bountiful to the Poor, of which, 
 befides his daily Alms, he gave a lading 
 Proof, by enlarging, a little before his 
 Death, the Hofpital firft founded by his 
 Anceftors, and endowingit with a ftiffici- 
 ent Maintenance for more poor Bre- 
 thren, and being full of good Works, 
 died in a good old Age^ 
 
 John his Son fucceeded him in his Ho- 
 nour and Eftate,and is the prefentDuke 
 of Rutland. He' took for his firft Wife 
 Catharine, the fecond Daughter of Wil* 
 Kam Lord Rn/el, and Sifter to the late 
 Duke of Bedford, by whom he had four 
 Sons, and as many Daughters, -viz. John 
 Lord Ros, and after his Grandfather's 
 Death Marquefs of Granby, William, Ed- 
 ward and Thomas. She died in Child- 
 bed in the Year 1711, and in the next 
 Year this Duke married Luanda, Sifter 
 of Eennet Lord Sherard, but by her has 
 no Child as yet; 
 
 BARONETS of this County are 
 
 SIR Edward Ncel of Brooke, Knt. created 22 May 1611, fince become? N<? 
 
 Vifcount Carnbden, 
 
 Sir James Harrlttgion of Ridllngton, Knt. "Ditto, N 45 
 
 Thomas Mackworth of Normanton, Efq; 4 June 1619 f N 107 
 
 Abel Earlier of Hambleton y Efy 9 Sept. i65j, N 76$ 
 
 The
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 The Natural Hiftory of this County. 
 
 NAtnrc hath been bountiful to this 
 fmall Shire, becaufe what is Plen- 
 ty here, would be Scarcity in other 
 Shires of larger Extent. Here are no- 
 wafte Commons, quaggy Marflies, or 
 barren Places, but all fruitful and pro*- 
 fitable ; every Element affords Man as 
 much Benefit almoft as can be expe&ed 
 from it ; for, 
 
 i. The Air is fweet, pleafant and 
 healthful, the Country being free almoft 
 from all the unwholfefome Fogs and 
 Milts, which arifefrom Ditches, Moors, 
 and large Rivers, there being in the 
 whole County but one Stream that de- 
 ferves the Name of a River, and thar 
 is the Gwrtjk, or WaJI), as it is common- 
 ly called, tho* there be diverfe Rivulets 
 and Brooks, which run from moft Parts 
 of the County into it, by which the In- 
 habitants are fupplied with as wholefome 
 Waters as Air. 
 
 ^. The Water here is as plentiful as 
 good. The ^ River Guajh with a full 
 Stream crofleth the County from Weft 
 to Eaft, almoft in the Middle, fupplying- 
 many of the Towns with excellent Wa- 
 ter for their Family Ufes, and affording 
 good Plenty of Fifh. Moft of the other 
 Towns and Villages, upon which the 
 Gaap tenches not, have pretty Rivulets 
 and Brooks which pafs by them. Oke~ 
 kam is almoft compared with them, and 
 "Uppinghatn on two Sides is waflied with- 
 them. The WelLwd, tho' it be not in 
 the County, yet with a circling Courfe 
 fo parts it from Northamptonshire and 
 Leicefterjhire, that almoft all the Southern 
 and Eallern Parts have good Supplies of 
 Fifh as well as Waters from it. Here 
 are no Mineral Waters as far as we can 
 find. 
 
 5, The Soil of this County is very 
 fruitful both for Corn and Pafture, on 
 yhich are fed many Catt-le, but efpe- 
 t 
 
 cially Sheep. The Vale of Catmot, in 
 which Okeham ftands, being Ib fruitful in 
 both Corn-ground and Pafture, that were 
 not it for its fmall Extent, it might vie 
 with the Vales of Whltehorfe or Belvoir. 
 As to the Nature of the Soil, namely 
 that it is fo red, that it tinges the 
 Fleeces of the Sheep that lie upon it, 
 we have reje&ed it as a Miftake from 
 the Authority of Mr. Wright, who wer 
 fuppofe made a particular Inquiry in to- 
 il ; but fince Dr. Fuller tells us, that 
 there were a Sort of poor Mn called 
 Raddlemen, or Reddlemen, peculiar to this 
 County, who went up and down the 
 neighbouring Parts, carrying Packs- of 
 Red-ftones, or Oker, which they fold to- 
 the Country Farmers and Jobbers for 
 the Marking their Sheep ; and it would? 
 be well nigh, as- difcernable and lafting 
 as Pitch brands, and lefs hurtful to the 
 Fleeces ; it is more than probable, thar 
 the Red-lands in this County, at leaffr 
 in fome Parts of it, were of a clear dif- 
 ferent Nature from thole in other 
 Counties, partaking fomething of the 
 Oker-rednefs, and fo might make the 
 Sheeps Fleeces reddifh, efpecially in 
 folding upon Lands broken up by the 
 Plough, which might touch the Oker- 
 mines. Upon Witcbley-heath, between 
 Ketton and Tinewell in Eajl Hundred, we 
 find fome Marks or Pits in our Maps, 
 called the Quarries, which vre fuppofe 
 were Holes in the Earth, out of which 
 formerly fome Sort of Building-ftone hath- 
 becn dug ; but the Vein being long fince 
 exhaufted, we have no Account of any 
 fuch Quarries here either by Mr. Wright 
 or any other Hiftorians, who treat of 
 this County. 
 
 4. Fire is as neceflary for human Life, 
 as Water, or Corn and Cattle, and there- 
 fore it ought to be reckoned as a great 
 Part of the Plenty of this County, that
 
 lit produces an Abundance of Wood for 
 'Firing, which is a great Convenience to 
 the Inland Counties. It is very probable 
 ;that Wood was more plentiful in an- 
 cient Times here, 1 than now it is, becaufe 
 we have Reufon to think that Oakham is 
 now feated where Oaks once grew, and 
 the Valley of Catmos (if Mr. Cambdens 
 Derivation be true, that it comes from 
 Caet-Maes, i. e. a Field full of Woods) 
 \vas but a large Wood, but however that 
 be, (for fuch Derivations are not much 
 to be depended upon) we may juftly be- 
 lieve, that that Extent of Land called 
 The Forejl of Rutland, or Leyfield, and 
 -,Old ''Fcrejt, which took up the greateft 
 fart of Okeham Hundred, and Part of 
 Mattinjley Hundred, was once all Wood, 
 -tho* now they are in a great Meafure 
 deftroyed, and fome Towns built within 
 the Purleiu of that Foreft. On which 
 Account, becaufe fome Towns enjoy 
 ^divers Privileges, and others adjacent 
 tmay tfalfly pretend to the fame, we 
 .have thought it convenient to fet down 
 the Bounds and Limits of Lifield and 
 IBeaumont Foreft, according to a Survey 
 late in the Poffeflion of Baptift Vifcount 
 tCambden deceafed, and tranfcribed by 
 Mr. Wright in his Hiftory of Rutland- 
 
 D SHIR E. 
 
 Beginning ftt -FRftereib C-cmgf in the 
 Field of Oakbantj it " goes Weft ward, 
 taking in all Braunfton high Meadows, 
 the JVifp, and Withcot Sail, and fo pro- 
 ceeds taking in Bittletvell Sail, and 
 Cockly Sail, and fb to Steerwood, and 
 then taking in Tinford-Bridge, it takes 
 in Belton and Wardly Towns, and fb pro- 
 ceeds to Beaumont Sail and Prefton- 
 "Underwoods, and fb about to Long-Bridge 
 by Caldecot, taking in Caldecot and Snelfton 
 Fields, and fo up to Llddlngton^ taking 
 in all Upping'hani-Brand, and the Eaft- 
 Field, and fo taking in all Ayfton com- 
 mon Fields, it proceeds by Ridlington to 
 Brooke, and then up to Brook-Mill, and 
 fo to Fliterijb, where the Circuit or Per- 
 -ambulation began, containing within 
 the faid Limits thefe following Towns, 
 viz. Brook, Braunfton, Belton t Wardly, the 
 Manor of Leigh, Ridlington, Uppingbam t 
 Ayflon, Stoke , Llddlngton t Snelflon and 
 Caldecot 
 
 Having finifoed the Natural Hijlovy of 
 this County, we fhall add Draiton's En- 
 comium xJt it to gi'ace our Description, 
 in which his Mufe thus ipeaks to 
 Rutland; 
 
 tove not thy felf the lefs, altho' the leaft thoU art, 
 What thou in Grcatnefs want'ft, wife Nature doth impart, 
 Jn Goodnels of thy Soil, and more delicious Mould, 
 Surveying of the Tfle, the Sun did ne'er behold. 
 Bring forth that Britifl) Vale, and be it ne'er fo rare ; 
 But CatmHs with that Vale for Richnels may compare. 
 ^WhAt Foreft Nymph is found, how brave foe'er ihe be ; 
 But Lifeld fliews her fclf as brave a Nymph as flie. 
 'Whatever River rofe from Bank, or fwelling Hill, 
 Than Rutland's wandring Guafi, a dclicater Rill. 
 Small Shire, that canft produce to thy Proportion good, 
 One Vale of fpccial Name, one Foreft, and one Flood. 
 <O Cntmtts, thou fair Vale, come on in Grafs and Corn, 
 That Beaver ne'er be faid thy Sifterhood to Scorn. 
 And let thy Oktlam boaft to have no little Grace, 
 That her the plealed Fates did in. thy Rofom place. 
 And Llfeld, a* thou art a Foreft, live fo free, 
 'That every Foreft Nymph may praife the Sports in thee* 
 And down to WeUand's Courfe, O Gp, run ever clear, 
 Tx> .honour, and to be much honoured by this Shire,
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY of this County,. 
 
 THIS County did anciently belong 
 to the See of Lincoln; but upon 
 the Diflolution of the Monasteries, King 
 Henry VIII. ercfting fix new Biuiopricks, 
 turned the great Abbey of Peterborough 
 into a Cathedral, and having placed A 
 Bifhop and fix Prebends there, took this 
 County and Northampton from the Bimop 
 
 of Lincoln, and made them a See for the; 
 Bifhop of Peterborough, as they continue: 
 to this Day. In this See there is but one- 
 Archdeacon, viz,. That of Northampton , . 
 who hath the Jurifdiftion of this County,. 
 There are but 48 Parifh. Churches ia* 
 this County, and of them twelve - arec 
 impropriate. 
 
 Tie Monajteries of this County, 
 
 OKEH-4M) an Hofpital dedicated 
 to St. John and St. A N N E, erefted 
 in this Manner: King Richard II. Reg. 2*. 
 granted a Licenfe to William DaJby of 
 Extony to found and eftablifli a certain 
 Hospital at Qkbam, to confift of two 
 Chaplains, whercot one of them to be 
 a perpetual Cuflos, *nd the other re- 
 movable, and twelve poor Men, to pray 
 for the good Eftate of the faid King, and 
 /feW-his Queen; and after their De- 
 ceafe, for their Souls, and for the Soul 
 of yfrw his late Qnecn deceafed; and 
 for 'the late Kings and Queens Souls, 
 nd for the good Eftate of the faid Wil- 
 liam Daily and Agvei his Wife; and af- 
 ter their Deceafe, for their Souls andthe 
 Souls of all the taithful deceafed ; with 
 Licenfe -to the faid William Daily to give 
 and affign to. the faid Kofpital^ one Mef- 
 fuage and two Acres of Land in Okebam ', 
 with a Licenfe alfo to give and Affign 
 the Advowfon, Patronage, and Collation 
 of the faid Hofpitai to the Prior and 
 Convent of St. Anne of the Order oiCar- 
 tlnK.tws at Coventry f being of the faid 
 King's foundation ; With a Licenfe alfo 
 ;o the faid Prior a*d Convcnv.to. give 
 
 and affign out of their Po/Tefilons a. -- 
 yearly Rent of 40 Pounds to the Cufi-i 
 of the faid Hofpital, for the Maintenance 
 of the faid Cuftos and twelve poor Me 
 and their Succeflbrs for ever, where- 
 ever they are plcafed to adign. 
 
 After this, in the Year 1421, i Hen. W 
 Roger Flore of Okebam, Efq; (who had i 
 married Catharine y the Daughter and 
 Heirefs of the faid WlHiam'Dalhy} reciting; 
 the Foundation of the faid Hofpital ac- 
 cording to the above- fpecified Licenfe.; 
 in a certain Place called Chamberlain's 
 Croft, within the Parifh of Okebam--; ,r* 
 citingalfo, that the faid William Dalbyhad 
 referved Power to himfelf, and the faid -- 
 Roger, who now by his Death was become 
 Patron of the faid Hofpital, to declare, , 
 correft, reform, and add to the Statute? 
 of the faid Hofpital ; he therefore- the - 
 faid Roger, with the- Licenfe of ; King^ 
 Henry V. Richard then Bifliop of Lincoln^ , 
 and all others at that Time concerned, . 
 made feveral Alterations and Additions, 
 to the former Statutes conftituted ;by . 
 Dally, and among others 
 markable .ones, viz.*. .
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 1. That in cafe his Heirs or Succef- 
 fors fhould be at any Time negligent 
 and remifs in beftowing the reipeaive 
 Places of Cujlos, Chaplain, or twelve 
 poor Men, (any of the faid Places being 
 void by Death, Removal, or otherwife) 
 that then the Power for that Turn of 
 -conferring the faid Places, fliall devolve 
 to the Vicar of the Parifh Church of 
 Okeham ; and fo alfo, in cafe the Heirs of 
 the faid Roger the Patron, fliall at that 
 'Time happen, by reafon of their Nonage, 
 to be in Ward. 
 
 2. That in cafe the faid Vicar of 
 
 Okeham be negligent, or in the Parts 
 beyond the Seas, then the faid Power to 
 be and remain for that Turn in the 
 Abbot and Covent of Wejtminfier, who 
 are the Proprietors of the faid Church 
 of Okekam ; and in cafe at that Time the 
 Abby of Weflminfter be void of an Abbot 
 the faid Power fhall be and remain in* 
 the Abbot of Oufton in Leicefterfiine. 
 
 3. That the above-mentioned forty 
 Pounds per Ann. be thus diftributed a- 
 mong the Inhabitants of the faid Hofpi- 
 tal, viz. 
 
 To the 
 
 To the Chaplain 
 
 To each poor Man ten Pence Half-penny a Week, 
 
 To the Vicar of Okeham 3 s. qd. for a Competition 
 lately made with him, and confirmed by the 
 
 The remaining 16 s> 8 d. to be laid out in Repairs 
 
 per Ann, 
 per Ann. 
 
 per Ann. 
 
 40 o o 
 
 4. That the Cuftof, Chaplain, and poor 
 Men at their feveral AdmifTions, be 
 ifworn in the Pretence of the Patron or 
 iris Deputy, and the Vicar of Okeham in 
 the Form following, viz- 
 
 1A. B. ffje totycl) am natron into a 
 pqoj span to be rereitea into tljis 
 igofpital after tlje jF^ra of tfje &t*z 
 tute and ^binaticns o^aineo in Hje 
 Tame i^ofpital, tfjall truly fulfill, ana 
 obferbe all tfje Statute* anD^Dinancetf 
 t)f tl)e faiO ^ofpital, in as mud) aa tijcp 
 iongen anD toucan me to mp ^o\rcr 
 from t)entoo?tl)tparDp0, Curing mp 
 STime in tl)e faiD feofpital, ixiitljout 
 ^o Ijelp me <15r.D, anD mp 
 anD bp tljefe ijolp 
 
 lite, t!)e tufjir 31 touclj, 
 
 In the aJJth Year of King Henry VIII. 
 this Hofpital was valued at I z /. 1 2 s. lid. 
 per Ann. but is not valued in Speed's Ca- 
 talogue, by what Omiflion, we know not, 
 It is ftill in Being ; but the prefent Go- 
 vernors pretend, that it is of a new 
 Foundation, and confequently of a dif- 
 ferent Patronage, but without any good 
 Ground, as may be judged by this; 
 That WiUiam Dalby's Arms are ftiJl fceo 
 in the HaW Windows with thofe of Join 
 Baxter Chaplain, ' and William Sylbande^ 
 and Robert Thorpe, Cufades ; under the 
 Arms of which are thefe Words : 
 
 Et Ji mors In dies accelerat, vivet tamen poft funera Virtui. 
 In the Chapel Windows, on the North-fide, are thofe Infcriptions : 
 Orate pro lono Statu Willlel Grafford &> Ellene Confortis f*<e. 
 Orate pro lono Statu Henrici Bell & Ifabell* Cwfertis ftt*. 
 
 This
 
 RUTLANDSHIRE. 
 
 Hofpital is ufually called the Old wickfilre, given to the Monks there with 
 Hofpital, to diftinguifh it from another the Manor, Wood-grounds and Effarts 
 called of the faid Town, "by H:tgb A: Ftrrx.ys, 
 
 The New Hofpital, built about the Son of Walkelin de Ferra-yi, th.3 firft Ba- 
 ron of Okebam, which Gin was confirmed 
 to the faid Abbey by William his Brother, 
 and Walhelin his Nephew, in thefe Words. 
 Eleemojynam, quam Hugo Frater meus Pri- 
 ori, & Canon ids de Kiningword, dedit, II- 
 ienter concedo ', and fo his Nephew. The 
 fame Gift was confirmed to the faid 
 Monks by King H?ry II. by his Char- 
 ter, containing among other Things thcib 
 Words, Confirm;) Canonicis de Kenilwortb 
 terram de Brocb Jicut Ha Az Fcrsarji eoa~ 
 cejjit, &c. In the 1 9th Year of Kin^ 
 Hsnry III. on the Friday before Pfjrteeojl, 
 the Prior of Kenilwortb prefented Friar 
 Richard de Ludington, one of the Canon* 
 of Kenil<wortb, to be Prior of the Houfe: 
 of Brocy which Richard, Robert Grcfihea.l 
 then Bimop of Lincoln, invefted intothi 
 faid Office, by delivering into his Hands 
 the Book of the faid Priory, after which 
 Manner his Succeflbrs were invefted till 
 the Diflblution. 
 
 The Eftates of this Monaftery given 
 by feveral Benefactors, and lying in 
 Brook, Braunjlcn, Knattfton, Ckeham, and 
 Lanrrbam, all Towns adjoining were thefe, 
 Walkelin de Ferrarys, Lord of Okelam, 
 Langbam, Brook, &c. gave to Goi 
 and the Church of St. Mary at Brooke, and 
 the Canons there, the Homage and Ser- 
 vice of jFordanus de Saxonls, with ?A\ the 
 Right he had in him, and his Tenement ; 
 as alib the Tithes of the Profits arifing 
 from the Fair of Okebar.t, held upon ths 
 Feaft of the Decollation of John ths 
 Baptift, 29 An*, and of the Mills of tho 
 faid Towns of Okebam and Langlam ; 
 which Gifts were confirmed afterward by 
 Henry de Ferrary f, Sone of the faid Walk*- 
 line, and Ifabel de Mortuomari, Sifter and 
 Heir of the faid Henry, whoalfo after- 
 ward granted to the Prior and Canons of 
 Brooke, a Tenement in Langbam, which 
 Gilbert Carecorius held of her, and or- 
 dered William Hampton, her Bailiff at 
 Okebam, to deliver to the faid Prior full 
 Seifin of the fame. 
 
 Tear 1 584, by Mr. Robert J-ohnfon, Par- 
 fon of Nortb-Luffenham in this County, 
 and Arch-deacon of Leicefter, by certain 
 charitable Contributions, and endowed 
 out of certain concealed Lands, which he 
 begged of Queen Elizabeth for that Pur- 
 pofe, giving it the Name of CHRIS T's 
 HOSPITAL. Healfo built and en- 
 dowed a Free-School at the fame Time 
 out of the fame Money ; and for the 
 better Regulation of both, made certain 
 Statutes and Ordinances, which fo far as 
 concerns the Hofpital, we fhall here Tub- 
 join, (having already mentioned in.Oke- 
 bam thofe that particularly concerned 
 the Free- School) viz.. 
 
 1. That there be twenty-four Gover- 
 nors, of which the Bifhops of London and 
 Peterborough, the Deans of Weflminfler and 
 Peterborough, the Archdeacon of Nor- 
 thampton, and the Matters of Trinity and 
 St. John's College in Cambridge, be per- 
 petual, and without EleHon, the reft 
 to be chofen, &*c. as in the Statutes for 
 the School above. 
 
 2. That the School mafter of the Free- 
 School be Warden of the Hofpital, and 
 for his Care and Trouble to receive fix 
 Pounds per Ann. more than his School- 
 Salary ; and the Ufher be Sub-Warden 
 in the Hofpital, and read Prayers twice 
 a Week in the Chapel, for which Ser- 
 vice he (hall be allowed three Pounds a 
 Year more than his Ufher's Salary. 
 
 3. That there be in the Hofpital fifteen 
 poor Men, and one Woman, of which 
 eight fliall be Townfmen of Okebam, and 
 their Stipend each to be three Pounds 
 fer Ann. 
 
 4. That there be a Receiver of the 
 Revenues, &Pc. who fhall have 5 Pounds 
 a Year for his Labour, and there be two 
 Audits a Year, &>c. as above in the 
 School of Oakham. 
 
 { BROO K, the only Monaftcry of ei- 
 ther Sex in this County. They were 
 Canons Regular of St. Augufllne, and a 
 Cell to the Abby of Ker.iltvortb in War- 
 
 F f f f 
 
 As
 
 . - '.o what they held in Braurjlon. we 
 ^:id, that R-g'ir.alil the Son of A'^ej- rfe 
 J$-?AKti?ior., gave to God and the Sacrifty 
 of the Church of the Blcflfed Mary of 
 P.roc, the yearly Rent of 1 2 Pence, 
 which the Canon? did ufe to pay yearly^ 
 :> the laid R^in-dd as Capital Lord ot 
 r'r<i!t>:Jton, for one Bovate or Land holdc-n 
 of him, which faid Rent he did appoint 
 for the Maintenance cf the fourth and 
 fifth Lamp at the high Alafs, and at 
 our Lady's Morning Mafs. As to their 
 Kfhite in Knaufton ard Braunfro/J, we ob- 
 ferve only, that Robert Or-zvell .Prior, and 
 the Convent of this Houfc, did by their 
 l.eafe demifc to Robert Reeve, Joan his 
 Wife, and John his Son, dwelling in 
 fCncufon in Leicejlerfiire,. a mefne Place, 
 uT:d &'-'! Yard-lands, with all the Hou- 
 fes, MolTunges, Pafturcs, Commons and 
 Liberties lying in the Town and Fields 
 ofXwo/Few and Eraunjto;-!, for their feveral 
 Lives, at the yearly Rent of z /. 9 s. 4<f. 
 Tinder the ufnal Covenants ; bclides, a 
 fpecul Agreement to .fct and Plant an 
 hundred Afhcs upon the faid Lands 
 within 5 Yep.rs after the Date, 12 May 
 z; Hb;. VIII. 
 
 At rhc Time of the Diflbhuion of this 
 Honfe, Ro?er Harwell was Prior, and 
 upon his Refignation of his Monaftcry 
 into the King's Hands, had a Grant from 
 the King of ten Pounds per Ann. for his 
 Maintenance, until he mould be other- 
 wife provided for by fome Ecelclinftical 
 Preferment; but the Prior of Kenilyjsrth _ 
 was difple,afcd at his Reitgnatipn, cal- 
 ing it (in hrs Letter to Secretv^iry Crom- 
 a-ett} an nrjuft and undue Demeanour 
 and Behaviour of his Canon, which he 
 h.id fer.t for the Governance and Rule 
 rr.ercof, Spf. biVt this Complaint was 
 of no Force, the Priory ftood diflfolved, 
 a--;d accordingly- was granted the fume 
 Year, viz- 28 Hfn. VIII. 1536, to Anth- 
 y Ci>/*, Efq'j of n<rr(twj c k m the Coun- 
 ty of Oxft rd , under the Name of the late, 
 priory of Can on.s of the Blef/cd Virgin 
 jrfarj of Brcofa in Brookt, in the Coun- 
 ty of Rutland^ together \\ith the Manor 
 of Brooke, and all its Appcrtinances, to 
 bold of the fuicj King In C*t>ite } by 
 
 Knight's Service, at the yearly referred ' 
 Kf ru of 4 Pounds 13 S 'ilK:,;^- and M 
 Pence, payable at Michaelmas ; which 
 Grant to him bears D.ite 9 S?pt, in the 
 zSth Year of King H^-ry VIII. j 5;6'. 
 
 This Anthony Cope, Eiq; who WJJN fbon. 
 after knighted, being thus in Pofifcllion. 
 of this Priory, and the Lands thereunto 
 belonging, co-i firmed the foremen tioncd, 
 Leafe to Mr. Robert Reeve, &c. but fold 
 the Revcrfion of the laid Lands, and 
 the reft of the Lands in the faid Towns 
 of Kwjlon and ^jann^on, to John Burton 
 of Brandon, except fome Lands held 
 en Caplte, which were not fold till 
 Queen "Elizabeth's Reign, when b.y. Li- 
 cenfe obtained of that Queen by Anthony 
 Cope, Efq; Son and Heir of Sir Anthony, 
 they were conveyed to William Burton, 
 the Son and Heir of the faid John Buy- 
 ton. As to their Etfate in Brooke, Sir 
 Anthony Cope, Knt. having obtained a 
 Licenle of King Edward VI. Reg. ^. ali- 
 enated the Manner of Brooke to Andrew 
 Noel, Efq; his Heirs and Afiigns for 
 ever, who ereled..a very fair Houfe in 
 the very Place where 'the Priory of 
 Brooke formerly ftood, and made, if the 
 Place of their Rcddence, as it continued 
 many Years. Here it was. that,, that 
 charitable Lady Julian Vifcoumefs, 
 Camfden, one of the Coheirs of Sir Bap- 
 lift H-cks, and Rclicl: of Edward Noel 
 Vifcount Camldcn, lived and died, ma- 
 king it a Seat of great Hofpitaliry and 
 Bounty ; befides, what flic did for the 
 Enlargement of her Father's Hpfpital ac 
 Cambden.'ni Gfoctfterfa'r*, the Endowm.cr!", 
 of whiph, tho' liberal at firft, fhe m.nc,h 
 increafed. She died 25 Nov. 1680,., 
 
 MANTOK, a, College or Chantry 
 founded here 'for the Maintenance of 
 one Matter or Governor, and two i\i- 
 pendary Brethren to celebrate Divine - 
 Service there for ever. They had Lands 
 and Tenements in Pikewell in the 
 County of Leicejler, of the yearly Value 
 of 6. Pounds, and 16 Shillings, befides o- 
 thcr PolTcfiions Spiritual and Temporal 
 in this County, and others, which were 
 valued at the Supprcflion at i.6./. 18^. S.4. 
 
 out
 
 U 7 L 4 N T> S // I R E. 
 
 .-f)Ut of which they being obliged to pay 
 Rents rcfolute, 3<5 Shillings ; Procura- 
 tions and Synodals, ten ShilJings and 
 five Pence ; Fenfions, 3 /. 4 a. and Alms 
 to the Poor, thirty Shillings and five 
 Pence; there remained clear to them no 
 more than ill i8/. 6 d. This Koufe 
 v/as furveyed ^ Edvr. VI. by certain 
 Commiinoners, who found, that the 
 Penfion of the Mutter, named Sir John 
 Gerle,as,ed 78 Years, of honeft Reputation, 
 but unable to ferve a Cure, was 13 /. 
 10 /. 6 d. out of which he paid yearly 
 to the King for Tenths 2 /. 4*. lorf. He 
 was alfo Vicar of Aynsford in Oxfirdfiirs ; 
 the Penfion of Sir William Smith, Brother 
 of the College, was 9 /. S s. He ferved 
 the Cure of the PariHi for. 3 /. 6<. 8 d. a. 
 Year, and bis Diet. The Plate belong- 
 in & to this College at the SupprefiTion, 
 wliich was 7 Ounces, \vas deiivere 1 to 
 tbe Jewel-houfe. The Ornaments, 
 Houihold-StufF, and other Goods and 
 Chattels were prized at 27 /. 5 /. ^d. 
 \vhich bcir-g feizcd into the King's Hands, 
 the Commimoners certified, that there 
 ought a Vicar to be inltituted and en- 
 dowed to fcrve the C'ure, (which was 
 before fnuplied by one -ot the Brethren 
 cf the College) and the Rc&ory vas 
 appropriated fo the College) becauie the 
 Number of the Hoveling People (or 
 Commvricants) within the Cure, is an 
 Hundred. 
 
 This C. -liege or Chantry being thus 
 fupprefled, King Edward VI. was ple::fed 
 to grant it with the Lands and Eihites 
 thereunto belonging, to Gregory Lord 
 Cromwell, and the Lady Et'zahefJj his 
 Wife, under the Name of the College 
 or Chantry of M'lr.ton, with the Site of 
 the fame, and all the Buildings, Gar- 
 dens and Orchards thereunto belonging; 
 as alfo all the Lands and Tenements 
 appertaining to it in M-ifox, then va- 
 lued ?t io Poimefs and eight 'Pence per 
 Ann. as alfo the Profits of the Rc&ory 
 of AJ:ir.toHj then valued at io/. per Ann. 
 to hare and to hold the Premittes during 
 their two Lives, and the Life of the 
 Survivor, Jt ism din R,"r't pLicucr'.t^ i. e. 
 if it be the King's Pleafure to permit 
 
 ir. This Grant was dated 15 May 
 - Efi-iv. VI. 1549; whether they enjoyed 
 it fo long, we know noc; but t:tke No- 
 tice, that Queen Elizabeth, R*g. s. 
 granted the laid Eftate and Tithes be- 
 longing to this Chantry, to Robert DnJi>y 
 Lord 'Dudley i and fo;>Ji after created Karl 
 of Lt'icejter, being then a great havouritc 
 of the Queen's. 
 
 MO ROOT, wlicrc is a fmall Kofbi- 
 tal ereited for lix poor People, Men or 
 Women unmarried. Their Provihon is 
 fix Pounds per A>m. a-.piece. It was 
 founded in the tenth Year of King J-ams 
 I. by one Air. G?or?e jFilfox, a Roman 
 Catholick, (but foms fay, a Prieft) tor 
 the Maintenance of which he fettled 
 certain Lands at Scredixgtsn, or Sb-eeJti;:?- 
 tan in Linc.lnjfcre, (let at that Time for 
 the Sum of 40 /. 15 /. 4^. a Year over 
 and above all Rcpriies) on certain 
 Truftees and their Heirs, for the fole 
 Ufe and Behoof of the laid poor People, 
 twenty Shillings only being yearlv de- 
 cjufted for the Church-Wardens of t'v* 
 Parifh, in Confideration of the Trouble 
 they mall be at in collecting ana quar- 
 terly diltributtng the laid Rents to them. 
 This Gentleman Mr. J-'ifon, built allb at 
 tin? lame Time another Hofpit:il more 
 corii 'erable than this at AJl)'y-f ! -j(o'.ys in' 
 Leii-ejifrfair/, wliich we tnougbt fit t 4 
 mention here, bcjcaufe \ve had no Ac- 
 count of that Ciiarity, \vhcn we wr-re 
 the Defcription of that Shire; nor in- 
 deed do we find any fuch- Place there in 
 our Villares, and therefore fup-ooie it 
 mil ft be miftakcn for A fiby-f civile t or 
 
 But notwithstanding we have picked 
 up fo many Hofpitals and*Colieges, and 
 one Cell or Priory, it will not ceafe to 
 be v-'onderful, as well in other Mers as 
 Dr. Fuller's Apprehenfion, that in rhii 
 County, which is rcally lo pleufant ana 
 fruitful, and that almoft in the Middle 
 of EKglind t never had fo much as one 
 abfolute or entire Abbey within it, pro- 
 ducing only (beliHes the Hofpitals before 
 mentioned) two fraail Appertinances of 
 inconsiderable Value to Convents in o- 
 ther Countici., viz. Okebam to the Prior v 
 
 of
 
 R U'T LJNDSHIRE. 
 
 of St. Aiine by Coventry, for two Chap- 
 lains and twelve poor Men, receiving 
 only 21 /. per Ann. and Brooke a Cell to 
 Kenilwortb for Black Canons, valued at 
 the DHTolution at 43 /. 13 s. $d. per Ann. 
 -.is Mr. Speed fays; but at but 40 /. as Sir 
 William Dugdale, who goes by a prior 
 Valuation, 26 Ren. VIII. whereas Speed's 
 was taken at the Suppreffion. The like 
 cannot be parallelled in England, choofe 
 Ib great a Parcel of good Ground, 
 where you pleafe, ihew me (fays the 
 Do&or) fo fair a Bnnch of fweet Grapes, 
 
 which had fo few Flic fto fuck them, 
 Nor can any probable Reafon be given, 
 why it efcapcd the Monks Eyes, but 
 this, that King Edward the Confeflor, 
 by his Will, gave all Rutland to the 
 Church of Wejlminfter^ which tho' the 
 Conqueror made null, yet other Con- 
 vents perchance might be fcrupulous to 
 accept what once belonged to another 
 Foundation, and might be thought un- 
 juftly taken from it by the Monks in 
 general. 
 
 MARTYRS in this County. 
 
 WE find none in the Martyr-Book, 
 who are by Name faid to be Suf- 
 ferers for the Gofpel, that were of this 
 County ; but fince we find fo great a 
 Number of Pcrfons accufcd, and doing 
 Penance, and dying at the Stake for the 
 pure Doh'ines of the Gofpel, under the 
 Biihops of Lincoln, William Smith and 
 John Lonrrlard, in whole Diocefe this 
 County then was, and the .Perfons fo 
 fuffcrijig are very few of them named of 
 what County or Town they were of, it 
 is highly probable that fome of them 
 were Inhabitants of this County ; andfo 
 much the more, becaufe Lutterwortb, the 
 } iace where the Original of thofe Doc- 
 mnes, John Whkliff was Minifter, was 
 (iruate in the next Shire, viz. Leicejter- 
 fiire. His Doftrincs, which the Popifh 
 Chr.rch pcrfecuted as Heretical, fpread 
 much farther in other Parts ; and 'tis 
 not wit I- out Reafon judged, that they 
 were believed and received here ; and 
 
 if fo, thofe fierce and prying Bifhops 
 would not fail to perfecute them in thofe 
 Times , and the more, becaufe Rutland- 
 Jhire borders upon Lincolnshire, and is 
 therefore under the Bifhop's Eye, and 
 the more fubje& to the Artifices of Ac- 
 cufers, tho' Bifliop Longland needed no 
 fuch Men, becaule he had a Way by 
 Terrours and Menaces to make the Lol- 
 lards (as they were then called) to 
 accufe one another, the Father the 
 Children, and Children their Fathers; 
 the Husband the Wife, and the Wife the 
 Husband, &V. as will be obferved by 
 any that will be at the Pains to view the 
 long Catalogue of fuch as recanted and 
 fuffercd in this Diocefe of Lincoln, fet 
 down at large in the Martyr-Book, from 
 Page 751 to 765 ; and 896 to 905. We 
 do not prcfume to gucfs at any who 
 might be fuppofed to fuffer in this Coun- 
 ty, becaufe without their Names it will 
 appear what they futfered.
 
 R U? L A NT) SHIRE. 
 
 597 
 
 CHARITY-SCHOOLS of Ms County are 
 
 EMpitigbarn, where a Gentleman hath 
 left ten Pounds per Ann. for teach- 
 ing the poor Children of that Town, and 
 fifty Pounds a ear more for teaching 
 the poor Children of five other Parities 
 in this County, befides twenty Pounds 
 in Money for the fame Ufe. 
 
 Exton is one of the five Pariflies which 
 is appointed by the faid Gentleman to 
 receive a Part of the faid fifty Pounds, 
 and receiveth ten Pounds a>Year put of 
 it, for the teaching the poor Children 
 of that Place. 
 
 Gretbam is another of them, and the 
 Inhabitants here have twenty Children 
 taught for the ten Pounds, which is 
 their Share of ir. 
 
 Lanebam is a third of thofe Parishes, and 
 receives ren Pounds yearly for the In- 
 ftruttion of ,he poor Children of that 
 Faitfh. a>, tne Genrleman orders it. 
 
 Oakebam, where was a School opened 
 
 about Mlclaelmts 1711, for the Teaching 
 of twelve Boys, and as many Girls, all 
 Cloathed ; and there is one Pound four 
 Shillings and Six-pence a Week allowed 
 for their Diet, A noble Lord gives fixry 
 Pounds per Ann. towards the Upholding 
 this School ; and has promised to conti- 
 nue the fame Benefa&ion yearly. The 
 Girls learn to few, knit and fpin. The 
 aforefaid Gentleman hath alfo left ten 
 Pounds per Ann. out of the 50 /. above- 
 mentioned, to put out the poor Chil- 
 dren of this Town and School ; which is 
 the fourth Town appointed by him to 
 receive it. 
 
 Tbijtlfton is the laft of thofe Towns, 
 which is to receive its Part of the 507. 
 and accordingly receives yearly ten 
 Pounds, to be employed in teaching the 
 poor Children of their Pariih to read 
 and learn their Catechifm. 
 
 farifia
 
 R U T L A N D S H I R E. 
 
 Parjjba, 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kind's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 AShivell 
 'Ay ft on 
 
 Alftoe 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Alftoe 
 R. Martinfley 
 
 20 id 3 
 
 8 7 S i 
 
 
 "'Barlethorp 
 
 Okeham 
 
 an Harnlet in Okeham 
 
 
 Barrowcion t 
 
 Wrargdike 
 
 R. Wrangdike 
 
 14 13 i i- 
 
 
 .Barrow, or Berk 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 an Hamlet in Cotefmore 
 
 
 Beaumont 
 
 JMartinfiey 
 
 a Village in Lyfield-Foreft 
 
 
 Belmfthorp 
 
 -Eaft 
 
 an Hamlet of Rylial 
 
 
 Beiron 
 
 Okeham 
 
 a Chapelry to Ridlington 
 
 
 -Bisbrook, or Piibrooke 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 V. Wrangdike 
 
 605 
 
 ;i 8 A 
 
 3?aucfton 
 
 Okeham 
 
 a Chapelry to Hameldon 
 
 j ** *r 
 
 .Brook, 
 
 Okeham 
 
 a Chapelry to Okeham 
 
 
 Burley 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 V. Alftoe 
 
 10 13 i i 
 
 
 
 
 a Rural Dea- 
 
 
 
 Thomas Burley 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 nery in Mar- < 
 
 o 6 S 
 
 
 
 
 tinfley 
 
 
 
 Caldeco: 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 an Hamlet in Liddington 
 
 
 -Cafterton Mag. 
 
 Eaft 
 
 R. Eaft 
 
 ii ill 
 
 
 Calterton par. 
 
 Eaft 
 
 .R. Eaft 
 
 6 15 5 
 
 
 Clipfatn, orKilpfam 
 
 Okeham 
 
 R. Okeham 
 
 10 o 5 
 
 
 Cotcfracre 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 R. Alftoe 
 
 25 16 3 
 
 I 
 
 Jidywefton 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martirifiey 
 
 H 7 <> 
 
 
 JEglecon 
 
 Okeham 
 
 an Hamlet in Okeham 
 
 
 JErnpinghftm 
 
 Eaft 
 
 the Prcb. Eaft 
 
 *5 6 5 I 
 
 
 jmpingliam 
 
 Eaft 
 
 V Eaft 
 
 7 H 9 i 
 
 39 o o 
 
 lixton 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 V. Alftoe 
 
 878; 
 
 40 o 
 
 Ezenden 
 
 Eaft 
 
 a Chapelry 
 
 
 
 -Glaifton 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 R. Wrangdike 
 
 12 l6 10 -I 
 
 
 Greetham 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 V. Alftoe 
 
 5 3 9 
 
 
 Hambleron 
 
 Martinflcy 
 
 V. Martinfley 
 
 1017 i 
 
 
 Hardwick 
 
 Eaft 
 
 an Hamlet in Empingham 
 
 
 fiorn, orHornfield 
 
 Eaft 
 
 A I ft. a Sine- cure. 
 
 i 6 8 
 
 
 Ingthorp 
 
 Eaft 
 
 an Hamlet to Tinwell 
 
 
 St. John's Hofpital? 
 at Okeham 5 
 
 Okeham 
 
 Hofp, Okeham 'j 12 13 I \ 
 
 
 iCelthorp^ 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 an Hamlet to Ketton | 
 
 
 Ketron 
 
 Eaft .. 
 
 the Preb. Eaft 
 
 29 10 i 1 j 
 
 Ketton cum Tixover 
 
 Eaft 
 
 V. Eaft 
 
 800 
 
 42 a 4 
 
 Langham 
 
 Okeham 
 
 a Chapelry to Okeham 
 
 J w 
 
 Leigh 
 Luttenham South 
 
 Okeham 
 Wrangdike 
 
 a Town ancient 
 R. Wrangdike 
 
 ly, but now a L 
 
 12 12 6 
 
 ^dge only. 
 
 Luffenham North 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 R.Wrangdike 
 
 1705 
 
 
 Lydington 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 thePrcb.^VVra. 
 
 zo o lo 
 
 
 Lyding. cunvCaldccot 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 V. Wrangdike 
 
 8 2 I 
 
 43 ia 7 
 
 Lyndon 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martinfley 
 
 6171 
 
 
 Manton 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martinflcy 
 
 8 19 7 
 
 
 Manton 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 V. Martinfley 
 
 o o o 
 
 10 o 
 
 IJMark-ct-Ovcrton 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 R. Alftoe 
 
 14 ii 3 
 
 
 Murtins-thorp 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martinfley 
 
 6 o .5 
 
 
 Alorcot
 
 P arises. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Morcot 
 
 Wrangdikc 
 
 R. Wrangdike 
 
 10 19 7 
 
 
 Kormunton 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martinfley 
 
 5 4 7 
 
 4 6 10 
 
 
 
 V. Okeham ) 
 
 
 
 O A K H A M 
 
 Okeham 
 
 with the > 
 
 28 3 i * 
 
 
 
 
 Chapels . 3 
 
 
 
 Pickworth 
 
 Eaft 
 
 R. Okeham 
 
 400 
 
 
 Pilton 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 R. Wrangdikc 
 
 4i? 5 I 
 
 31 6 8 
 
 Prefton 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martinfley 
 
 9176 
 
 
 Ridlington 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martinfley 
 
 10 i 3 
 
 
 Ryhal 
 
 Eatt 
 
 V. Eaft 
 
 13 17 i 
 
 31 10 o 
 
 Seaton, or Seyton 
 
 Wransdike 
 
 R. Wrangdike 
 
 20 ' 7 6 
 
 
 Stoke-dry 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 R. Wrangdike 
 
 II 2 I 
 
 
 S tret ton 
 
 Alftoc 
 
 R. Alftoe 
 
 7 17 I 
 
 
 Thifsleton 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 R. Alftoe 
 
 3 ii o ob 
 
 
 Thorp 
 
 Wrangdike 
 
 an Hamlet in Seaton 
 
 
 Tickencote 
 
 Eaft 
 
 R. Eaft 
 
 6 5 10 > 
 
 42 5 r 
 
 Tighe 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 R. Alftoe 
 
 14 2. ii 
 
 J 
 
 Tinwell 
 
 Eaft 
 
 R. Eait 
 
 12 10 < 
 
 
 Tixover 
 
 W>angdikc 
 
 an Hamlet in Ketton 
 
 
 Tol thorp 
 
 Eaft 
 
 had a Chapel, but is now demoliflied 
 
 UPPINGH AM 
 
 Martinfley 
 
 R. Martinfley 
 
 20 o 10 
 
 
 Wardk-y 
 
 Okeham 
 
 V. Okeham 
 
 to 15 ii 
 
 4<5 15 ,5,; 
 
 Whitwell 
 
 Alftoe 
 
 R. Eaft 
 
 <> O 
 
 
 Winge 
 Wiffenden 
 
 Martinfley 
 Alftoe 
 
 R. Martinfley j 7 55 
 V. Alftoe 7 i- Qob 

 
 LEICESTER 
 S RUTLAKJ 
 
 With other 
 
 Dmuaflttni^jKH *f \ 
 
 tJ dunded 
 VI 
 
 containing 
 
 ,^60000 
 
 and Ji '2 2J 2 Tnha tntan & 
 tsi urcumfcrencc 
 
 6
 
 6oi 
 
 Shropshire. 
 
 - 
 
 SHROPSHIRE, called in the Saxon 
 Time by the Writers by thefe 
 feveral Names, Scipyp-fcype, 
 Shpobbe-fcype, and in the 
 Saxon Annals Scrobbes-byrig-fcyre, 
 and Scrobbfcire, and by later Authors 
 Scropfdre and Salopfckire, which are now 
 all pafled into Shropjhire, termed by the 
 Latins, Ccmitatus Salopievjis. If is an 
 Inland County, counted by fome the 
 biggeft of the Kind, and inclofed on the 
 Eaft with Staffordshire; on the South with 
 Worcejlerjbire, Heredfordjlrire and Radnorshire ; 
 on the Welt with Montgomeryshire and 
 Denbighjhire ; and on the North by Che- 
 Jhire, being in Compafs i 54 Miles, and 
 containing within it, being almoft cir- 
 cular, 890,000 Acres of Land, and 
 13184 Houfes, 15 Market-Towns, and 
 1 70 Parishes. It is Part of it in the Di- 
 ecefe of Hereford, and Part in the See of 
 Lick f eld and Coventry. It was the Fron- 
 tier between "England and Wales, when 
 they were diftinft Kingdoms, and on that 
 Account had more Caftles in it than any 
 other County in England; and on the 
 Weft Side they flood fo thick, that Dr. 
 Fuller (in his Hiftory of the Worthies of 
 this Shire) fays, that it might feem di- 
 vided from Wales with a Wall of conti- 
 nued Caftles ; and Mr. Speed tells us, that 
 befidcs feveral Towns ftrongly walled 
 upon that Occafion, there were two and 
 thirty Caftles in this Shire. 
 
 This County was one of thofc five, 
 which, fince the Divifion of England into 
 Counties, arefaidto have been contain- 
 ed in that Part of it, which in the Times 
 of the Britain* was inhabited by the 
 Cornavii, of whom we have nothing at 
 this Diftance memorable, but the Battle 
 fought in the Wcftern Parts of this 
 County by Oflorius the Roman General, 
 and Caraftacits the ftout Britijb King, 
 both of equal Fame for military Valour 
 and Conduct, of which we fhall give a 
 fliort Account. Attlus PJautitis the Pre- 
 tor, and'the firft Lieutenant fent by the 
 Roman Emperors into Britain, being re- 
 called upon fame important Occafion, 
 Pub. OJiorins Scapula was fent in his Room, 
 who finding all Things in Confufion, 
 and the Britains every where in Arms, 
 and infefting the Roman Conquefts, re- 
 folvcd to render himfelf terrible by 
 fome fpeedy AGion, and accordingly 
 with fuch Cohorts as were next at Hand', 
 fets out againft them, and having routed 
 fome fcattered Parties placed Garrifons 
 upon the Avon and Severn, and then bent 
 all his Force againft the Cangians, wafting 
 all the Country as far as the Sea of ire- 
 land, with little or no Opposition. The 
 Iceni and Brigantes were not pleafed with 
 this Succefs of Ojlorius, and therefore 
 made fome faint Attempts to divert him, 
 but were foon reprefled. But the Sifures, 
 a People hardy and valiant in them- 
 G g g g felves,
 
 *>2 S H R V 
 
 fe^vcs, were refolved not to bear the 
 Roman Yoke without fome Struggle, in 
 which they placed great Hopes of pre- 
 ferving their Liberty, by reafon of the 
 Valour and warlike Skill of their Prince 
 Cara&acus, whom many profperous Vic- 
 tories had made the moft eminent Gene- 
 ral of the Britain*. Carafracus was as 
 willing to head them againft the Romans 
 as they were to fight, and therefore know- 
 ing himfelf to be of Strength inferior to 
 his Adverfarie, adds Policy to his Cou- 
 rage; and that he might encounter them 
 with all poflible Advantages, removed the 
 War into the Country of the Ord.vices, 
 which is now North-Wales) where he was 
 immediately joined by all thole who 
 feared the Roman Power, or cared not 
 to be fubjeft to them. Here he chofe a 
 Place to encamp his Army upon the Top 
 of an Hill, (Mr, Camlden conjectures it 
 to be that which is ftill called Caer- 
 Caradoc) in it felf almoft inacceflible, yet 
 where he faw any Poflibility of getting 
 up to it, he fortified it with Heaps of 
 Stones in manner of a Rampire, and fet 
 Guards of Men to defend them ; befides 
 which, there was a River very dange- 
 rous to ford, before the Enemy could 
 come at them, where he alfo fet a Troop 
 of his beft Soldiers to oppofe the Ene- 
 mies Paflage. Ojlorious with his Army 
 drew near, and Cara&acus having anima- 
 ted his Officers and- Leaders, by telling 
 them, that this was the Day and Place 
 t defend their Liberty or die free, was 
 ready to receive them. Ojlorious admired; 
 their Refohuion, and commanding his 
 Men to pafs the River, began the Fight. 
 The Britains, as foon as they came in 
 Reach, poured upon them Showers of 
 Arrows, Darts and Stones, with which 
 they flew and wounded many Romans, 
 but they gaining Land, at length came 
 to clcfc Strokes with the Brians, and 
 throwing down their poor Fortifrcations, 
 
 SHIRE. 
 
 foon vanquished them, with a great 
 Slaughter, taking Caraffacus's Wife and 
 Daughter, himfelf efcaping to Cartif- 
 mandtta Queen of the Brlgantet, who, 
 contrary to her Faith given him, deli- 
 vered him bound to the Romans, by whom 
 he was carried in Triumph at Rome ; 
 but behaving himfelf with fo much Cou- 
 rage, as Claudius was amaz'd at him, was 
 pardoned, and fet at Liberty with his 
 Wife and Children, at the Emperor's 
 Command, to whom and Aglpplna the 
 Emprefs, having given Thanks, they 
 departed, 
 
 After the Romans Departure from this 
 Ifle, the Saxons invited by the remaining 
 Britain* to affift them againft the PiSs 
 and Scots, got Pofleflion of this Part of 
 Britain t and in fome few Years cantoned 
 it into feven Kingdoms, of which the 
 Mercian was the largeft, and this County 
 made no inconfiderable Part. Under the- 
 Mercian Kings and Earls we meet with 
 nothing particularly relating to this 
 County, faving that Edwy the laft Earl 
 of Mercla had large Pofleffions in this 
 County, of which we fliall give as full 
 an Account as we have met with under 
 the feveral Manors and Towns of which 
 it confifted; as alfb of fuch Manors as 
 Morcar Earl of Northumberland^ Ethel fieda 
 Countefs of Mercia, and Leofric Earl of 
 fidercia, held before the Conqueft* 
 
 The Norman. Conqueft not only de- 
 prived the Saxon Monarchs of their Pow- 
 er, but the Generality of the People of 
 their Eftates and Rights, the Conqueror, 
 being obliged to. gratify his great Com- 
 manders, not only with Honours,, but. 
 large Eftates, which could, not. be done 
 but by depriving the moft. potent and. 
 wealthy of the Saxons of their Lord- 
 fhips and Degrees ; and accordingly we 
 find moft of the Manors of this County, 
 thus difpofed of, viz.
 
 S H R <P S 
 
 To Roger de Montgomery, his Kinfman (whom he created Earl 7 
 of Arundel and Shrewsbury in this County) very near all the> 
 County, except Shrewsbury , \ 
 
 To William Pantolf, 
 
 of which Wemm was the Chief, which therefore became the 
 Head of his Barony, but he held them all of "Roger Montgo- 
 mery. 
 
 To Roger Lacy, the Son of Walter Lacy, who came with him into 
 England, to hold of himfelf, and Roger de Montgomery, 
 
 To Ralph de Mortimer, another of his Captains, 
 
 of which he held nineteen of Roger de Montgomery afore-men. 
 tioned. 
 
 To Gttarine de-Meez, a Branch of the Houfe of Loraine, 
 
 To Osborn Fttz,-Rlchard, 
 
 To Roger Fitz-Corbet t which he held under Roger de Montgomery, 
 
 * , 
 
 * 5 ManorSt 
 50 Manors. 
 
 i Manor. 
 
 9 Manors. 
 
 14 Manors. 
 
 So that we muft account this whole Coun- 
 ty to belong to Roger de Montgomery as 
 the Supream Lord, and all others that 
 had Lordfhips, as Dependents upon him, 
 at leaft at the Time when Domefday- 
 Survey was made, and for fometime 
 after. What Alienations were made in 
 the Ages following to this Time, fo 
 far as they are come to our Knowlenge 
 we fliall particularly account for, in the 
 feveral Villages and Towns ; but we muft 
 befpeak the Reader's Candor, not to ex- 
 peQ: fuch full Relations of Things in. 
 this County as we have given in fome 
 others, beeaufe we have no Writer of this 
 County, but Mr. Cambden ; nor can we 
 obtain any Information from Gentlemen 
 or Clergymen of Things obfervable, and 
 worthy of Hiftory, even in the Places 
 where they live, tho* it might be done 
 with very little Pains, and a very com- 
 plcat Hiftory might fo, and cannot 
 otherwise, be compofed without almoft 
 infinite Expenfe and Labour. We fhall 
 proceed under our former Heads of lay- 
 ing down the Hundreds, and under them 
 treating of the Towns, Villages and 
 Hamlets, with what is moft remarkable 
 in them, fo far as it is come to our 
 Knowledge. 
 
 The Hundreds of this County are fif- 
 teen, I'/fc. 
 
 1. Shrewsbury, 
 
 2. Bradford 
 
 3. Plmhill. 
 
 4. Bradforth- South, 
 
 5. Brimftry. 
 
 6. Wenkck. 
 
 7. Condover. 
 
 8. Ofaeflrey. 
 
 9. Forde. 
 
 10. Chirbury, 
 
 11. Clunne. 
 
 12. Purjlaw. 
 
 13. Munjtaw. 
 
 14. Overs. 
 
 15. Stottefdon. 
 
 I. SHREWSBURY Hundred. 
 
 The Hundred of Shrewsbury (with which 
 we begin, beeaufe the Town of Shrews- 
 bury, the Metropolis of the County, is 
 fituate in it, and gives Name to it) lies 
 almoft in the Middle of the County, and 
 is encompafled on the Eaft, with the 
 Hundred of South-Bradford; on the South, 
 with the Hundreds of Condcver and Porde, 
 on the Weft, with the Hundred of Pirn- 
 hill, and on the North with North-Brad- 
 ford Hundred. Our Maps call it the 
 Liberty of Shrewsbury, and on that Ac- 
 count it may probably be under the Ju- 
 rifdi&ion of the Town, it being an an- 
 cient Corporation, and fo not unlike to 
 have the Liberties and Privileges of it 
 extended through the whole Hundred, 
 which is not great. The chief Town of 
 this Hundred (for there k no Cij.y in 
 it) is
 
 604 
 
 8 HR 
 
 SHREWSBURY, a Town pleafaotly 
 feated upon the Severn, and is fuppofed 
 to have rifen out of the Old 'Uriconium, 
 now called Wroxeter, a Village about 4 
 Miles diftant from it. In the Saxon Times 
 it was called Scpobb.er-byjVig, bc- 
 caufe the Hill it (lands on was very 
 woody, and for the fame Reafon the 
 Welch call it Pengtterne, that is, a Brow 
 of Alders, where likewife was a noble 
 Palace of the fame Name. How the 
 Normans upon their Settlement here 
 
 R 
 
 came to give it the Name of ScrppMbery^ 
 Sloppesbury, and Salop, in Latin Salopia ; 
 Mr. Cambden declares himfelf ignorant, 
 unlefs they took thofe Names from, the 
 old Word Scrobbesberlg, awkwardly wrell- 
 ed. It is now a Days more fmoothly 
 and foftly called Sbrowsbury. It is fitua- 
 ted upon an Hill of reddifh 'Earth, and 
 is alnoft quite encompaffed by the Ri- 
 ver Severn, over which there are two 
 fair Bridges laid, which Leland our Poej 
 and Antiquary thus defcribeth : 
 
 Edita Pinguerni late vejllgla fplendent , &>c. 
 
 In Englijh thus : 
 
 
 
 SttrevLslittry far its lofty Turrets fhows ; 
 Which Severn in its Bofom doth enclofe. 
 On a fmall Hill it ftands, and o'er the Stream, 
 Two Bridges lie, but Aiders give it Name. 
 
 Under the Saxon Kings we find little 
 faid of this Town, but in the Reign of 
 King Etkelred we meet with this Rela- 
 tion : That the Danes being grown into- 
 lerably infolent in opprefling his Saxon 
 Subje&s, and yet fa powerful, that he 
 could neither by Law or. Force redrefs 
 his Subje&s Grievances, the King think- 
 ing fully to effeft that by Policy which 
 he could not by Strength, contrived to 
 deftroy the Danes at one Blow ; and to 
 that End fent a fecret Commiflion into 
 H Towns and Cities to fall upon the 
 Eanes, and kill them at a Time therein 
 appointed, viz.. on St. Erice's Day, 15 
 Nov. 1002, which was executed with Ri- 
 gour. The Danet hearing of this Maf- 
 facre of their Brethren, were not flack 
 to revenge it fpeedsly, and Year after 
 Year, under Swain their King, invaded 
 |h Nation, rniferably killing the Inha- 
 bitants, and burning or carrying away 
 their Goods. King Ethelred happened to 
 Jie at this Town when the Danes landed 
 in the 1$9 of Wight, and from thence 
 coming into the Nation, harrafled 
 Jfeflgfrd* and Berkjlfire horribly ; and bc- 
 'Wfc greatly troubled for the Suffering* 
 If his Peoplc > confulted with his Nobles 
 was be ft to be done. JFalfe Edrike 
 
 Duke of Mert'ta y advifed to give the 
 Danes 30 Thoufand Pounds to purchafe 
 a Peace, which they accepted, and de- 
 parted for the Prefents but foon re- 
 turned again, and never left dcftroying 
 till they fo weakened the Nation, as to 
 fet up a King of their own here, viz.. 
 King Kanute> the Son of Swain before- 
 mentioned. 
 
 When the Normans fir ft fettled in this 
 Nation, 'twas a well-built and populous 
 Town ; for it appears by Domefday- 
 B,ook, that in King Edward the Cenfef- 
 for's Reign it paid Gelt according to two 
 hundred Hides of Land ; but in the Con- 
 queror's Time it paid yearly feven 
 Pounds fixteen Shillings to the King. 
 There were reckoned two hundred and 
 fifty-two Citizens, of whom twelve were 
 bound to keep Guard, when the Kings of 
 England came at any Time hither, and 
 as many were obliged to attend hin% 
 when he went a Hunting, which Cu- 
 ftom Mr. Cambden fuppofeth to have 
 been firft occafioned by one Edrick Str;ona Y 
 a .Mercian Duke, but a profligate Villain* 
 who had (as Florence of Worcefter tells us) 
 not long before way- lay 'd Prince Alt.- 
 be.'xt, and flain him as he was huntMig^ 
 Cir. icod. At which Time (as 
 
 appear*
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 appears from the fame Book, viz- Domef- 
 day-Book) there was a Cuftom (tho* at 
 this Time there are not the leaft Foot- 
 fteps of it) in this City, That in what 
 Manner foevcr a Woman married, if a 
 Widow, fhe mould pay the King twenty 
 Shillings, but if a Virgin, ten Shillings. 
 
 With the greateft Part of this County 
 did the Conqueror beftow this City of 
 Sfoewsbitry to Roger de Montgomery, one of 
 his chief Commanders, who was not only 
 one of his Counfel, about his Expedition 
 into England, but led the main Body of 
 his Army in the victorious Battle at 
 Hajlin?s in Suffex ', and made him Earl of 
 itj that it might be particularly under 
 his Care, tho' he did not rertdc in it, as 
 was the Cuftom of the Earls before him, 
 for he was al To created Earl of Arttndel 
 and Chicbefter, and had the Honour of 
 Eye in Suffolk added to them. He was a 
 very prudent and moderate Man, and 
 being very much guided by the Counfels 
 of three Clergymen, viz. GodebaU, Ode- 
 ler and Herbert, was always profpcrous in 
 all his Undertakings. The Government 
 of this City he committed lo.Warlne the 
 Bald, a Man of a fmall Stature, but of 
 a great Spirit ; and gave him in Mar- 
 riage his Niece Ahneria. By his Valour 
 and skilful ConduS he kept the Welch in 
 Aw, and the whole County in Peace, 
 but \vith the Afliltance of fome other 
 principal Perfons, who under him were 
 employed in the Affairs of the County, 
 viz.' William favtolf, Piccld de Say, and 
 his own two Sons Roper and Robert, by 
 vhofe Courage and VVifdom he managed 
 all Things fo well, that he became much 
 refpefted among the Nobles. 
 
 This Earl R^ger was a firm and loyal 
 Subjet to his bountiful Matter all his 
 Reign, To that when Robert Curtbofe re- 
 belled againft his Father, he z-caloufly 
 eppofed him, yet by his Intereft with the 
 Conqueror, brought them to a peaceable 
 Agreement ; biu^when William Rufus fet 
 himfelf up as King, he was as zealous to 
 maintain the Succefllon, and rcftore Ro- 
 lert to his Right, which to effeft he 
 joined with Qdt> Earl of Kent, Robert 
 Earl of MovetWy and fome other Noble- 
 
 men, and to that End marched from 
 this Town with a great Power of his Sa- 
 lopians, Welch and others, to Worcejier; 
 but by the Courage and Resolution of 
 Woljtan, then Btfhop of Worcejier, he was 
 routed with all his Forces, and King 
 William interpofing with fair Words and 
 Promifes, fo prevailed wirh this Earl, 
 that he laid down his Arms, which fo- 
 difcouraged his. Confederates, that they 
 all either fubmitted or fled, and fo the 
 King for the prefent was cafy in his Go- 
 vernment, tho' that Serenity did not laft 
 long. 
 
 After this, Earl Roger took this Town: 
 more into his Thoughts, and made great 
 Improvements in it, for he ereted ma- 
 ny ufeful Buildings both publick and 
 private ; and not only fortified, it withr 
 Walls on the Land- fide, but built a 
 ftrong Caftle upon that Neck of Land,. 
 which lies between the Stream of Severn 
 on each Side. He alfo founded and en- 
 dowed moft amply a large Abbey dedi- 
 cated to St. Peter and St. Paul, as alfo a. 
 Church dedicated to Sr. Gregory, ('tis 
 thought to be dedicated to Sr. Giles,. 
 which (till remains, tho' ruinous, but oF 
 St. Gregory' & Church there is no Remem- 
 brance) upon thefe Conditions, (as the 
 private Hiftory of the Monaftery re- 
 lates) That when the Prebendaries 
 thereof mould die, the Prebends fliould 
 go to the Monks of St. Peter's Abbey. 
 This Bcqueft begat a great Controverfy 
 between the Monks and Seculars. For 
 the Prebendaries Sons fued the Monks 
 to- fucceed their Fathers in thole Pre- 
 bends. For at that Time the Clergy in. 
 this Nation were not obliged to Celiba- 
 cy ; but it was cuftomary for Ecclefia- 
 ftical Benefices to defcend hereditarily 
 to the next of Blood ; but this Contro- 
 Yerfy was fully determined in- the Reign/ 
 of King Hsnry I. by a Statute then; en- 
 aiied, That Heirs fh-ould not inherit 
 Ecclefiaftical Benefices ; and about the- 
 fame Time other Laws were made, ob- 
 liging the Clergy to live unmarried. 
 This Earl having obtained ofKingW/7- 
 Ham a Permiflion fo gain what he could 
 from the Wehb by Force of Arms, inva- 
 
 cktt
 
 696 
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 ded Powis-Iand, and won the Caftle and 
 Town of Baldwin, which he fortified, 
 and called it afcer his own Name, 
 Montgomery^ but Age coming upon him, 
 he laid alide all military Thoughts, and 
 betook him to a Religious Life; for ha- 
 ving by the Hands of Reginald, the Pri- 
 or of his Monaftery, obcained from the 
 Monks of Clugtiy in BurganA, the Coat of 
 St. Hiigbj fometime Abbot there, for 
 himfclf to put on, he caufed himfelf to 
 bo ihorn a Monk in the Abbey of Shrews- 
 bury, of his own Foundation, with the 
 Confent of his Wife, where he fpent the 
 Remainder of his Life in Devotion, and 
 more efpecially thi'ce Days before his 
 Death,, which happened i Aug. A. C. 
 1094, he was honourably interred in the 
 Church of the fame Monaftery. 
 
 In the Reign of King Stephen, Aar.o 3. 
 Alan the Son of H-*/#<W, having married 
 the Daughter and Heir of Warine, Sheriff 
 of this County, in the Reign of Wiffiam 
 the Conqueror, had in her Right the 
 Baronies of the faid Warine. When di- 
 vers of the Nobles armed themfelves in 
 Behalf of Maud the Emprefs, againft King 
 Stephen, his Son WUHani Fit*.- Alan, then 
 Governor of this Town, and Sheriff of 
 the County, joined with them, and held 
 out the Caftle of Shrewsbury againft that 
 King, until it \vas taken from him by 
 Aflault, and then being forced to fly, 
 left this City and all his Eftates in that 
 King's Hands, ftill keeping clofe to 
 Maud, till her Son King Henry II. came 
 to the Throne, and then he was reftored 
 to his Shrievalty, and continued in the 
 fame to his Death. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry III. 
 \yhen Richard Marfoall Earl of Pembroke, 
 and other great Alen, much difgufting 
 the King's A&ions, thro' the Counfcl 
 and advice of Peter de Rupibus Bifliop of 
 Winchejier, firft took upon them to re- 
 prove the King openly for his Doings, 
 as prenicious and dangerous to the State 
 of the Realm, and afterward broke out 
 into open Rebellion, for which, they 
 v.'cre all proclaimed Traitors ; Richard 
 Marjhall and his Confederates fled into 
 Wales, and joined with Lialin Prince of 
 
 Wales, who was always At War with the 
 Englijh. Being thus furniflied with an 
 Army, they wafted and robbed all the 
 Marches between Wales and Shrewsb#ry t 
 of which Town they burnt a Part. King 
 Henry was then at Glocejler, and being 
 much troubled in Mind for the Mileries 
 of his People called his Counfel toge- 
 ther to advife with them how to redrefs 
 thofe Difcontents. Opinions were va- 
 rious, but at laft 'twas thought moft ex- 
 pedient to appeafe the Rebels with gen- 
 tle Offers of Pardon and Mercy, and to 
 banifli the Bifliop of Winchejier and Peter 
 de Rivalis, by whofe Counfels allpublick 
 Affairs had been managed to their Dif- 
 lilce, and putting away all Strangers from 
 his Service, take in the Englijb; which 
 being complied with, the Archbifliop of 
 Canterbury, and the Bifliops of Chejler and 
 Rochefter were fent into Wales, with Offers 
 of Peace and Pardon of all Injuries paft, 
 if they would return to their Obedience, 
 which being accepted, all Things be- 
 came quiet, and all Perfons Satisfied. 
 Anno 1376, 21 Rich, a Parliament was 
 then called, and fat at Shrewsbury, and 
 King Richard appeared in it with his 
 Crown on his Head ; and according to 
 his immenfe Bounty to Thomas Holland 
 Earl of Huntlngton, who had been that 
 King's Inftmment in taking of his Fa- 
 ther-in-Law, the Earl of Arundel, and o- 
 thers, was advanced to the Title of Duke 
 of Exeter, and made Lieutenant of the 
 Tower, and Governour of the Marches. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry IV. Henry 
 Earl of Northumberland having Ipent 
 great Sums of Money in defending of the 
 Marches of Scotland, required the Pay- 
 ment of them, and receiving no good 
 Anfwer, became much discontented, which 
 being taken Notice of by Henry his Son, 
 (furnamed Hotfpur, from his eager au- 
 dacious Spirit) and Thomas Percy Earl of 
 Worcester, his Brother, they joined toge- 
 ther in a Rebellion to dethrone and de- 
 ftroy King Henry, and to juftify their 
 unwarrantable Gathering of Soldiers, 
 they gave out, that they raifed Forces 
 only for the Safeguard of thcrafelvcs, 
 and^ to re&ify certain Difordcrs in Go- 
 vernment,
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 607 
 
 vcrnraent, which were, that the Taxes and twenty Hours in Bed, but were not 
 raifed for the Defence of the Realm, to fleep at all. The moft eminent Phy- 
 were diverted to other Ufes ; that thro* ficians were puzzled about the Caufe of 
 the fnftigations of their Enemies, they the Diftemper. Some afcribed it to the 
 could not be admitted into the King's chalky Grounds in England, which are 
 Prefence ; and at laft added, that King not to be found here. Thefe fay, thac 
 Richard was alive, and with them, and in Tome moift Conttitutions, the Steams 
 that in his Name, and on his Behalf, of that Sort of Soil infe& the animal Spi- 
 they took up Arms. The King, to an- rits, or the Serum of the Blood; but-ali 
 fwcr thefe fi&itious Pretences, by his this is uncertain Conjefture, tho' 'tis paft 
 Proclamation, fatisfied his Subje&s, that Doubt, that there is fome Analogy be- 
 the Earl of Northumberland had received tween this Difeafe and the fubtle Parts 
 the greateft Part of the Money granted of the Blood which occafions the Expira- 
 by Parliament for the Defence of the tion of the Patient or Difeafe in fo fmall 
 Marches, and that they might have free a Space as twenty- four Hours. Mr* 
 Accefs to his Prefence ; and that it was Cambden feems not fatisfied with this O- 
 nothing but their head-ftrong Infolence pinion, but tells us that he had obfervcd 
 in 'Contempt of his Royal Favour,, that this Difeafe to have been thrice rife in 
 prompted them to rebel, and to March the Age before him, and to have gone 
 toward Shrewsbury, that they might have thro* the Kingdom, and did not doubt 
 the Affiftance of Owen Glendour and Ed- but it had been fo before, tho' our 
 mund Mortimer, with their Welch and Chronicles mention it not, viz- in the 
 Cheshire Men. The King finding no good Beginning of King Henry Vllth's Reign, 
 Efte&s of his Condefcenflon, hafted to Anno 1487, and again in King Henry 
 over-take them, before they got into Vlllth's Reign, Anno 1518, at which 
 Shrewsbury, which he luckily did, and Time alfo it was rife in the Low Coun- 
 Hotfpttr hearing of the King's Approach, tries; and in King Ed-ward VJth's Reign, 
 prepared for a Battle, which was fought Anno 1551, all of them after a Con- 
 on the Eve of St. Magdalen* Day, Anno jun&ion of the Planets in Scorpio 
 1403 : No Courage was wanting on ei- When King Charles I. through the fa- 
 ther Side, but the Viory fell to the multuous Behaviour of the Parliament 
 King's. Hotfpur with many of his Fol- and People, found it neceflary to raife 
 lowers being flain, and Earl Douglas, an Army in his own Defence, after he 
 and the Earl of Worcefler being taken, had fet up his Standard at Nottingham, 
 which laft was for his Treafon foon af- went into Derbyjljire to lift Men; and be- 
 ter beheaded in this City, and his Eftate ing at Derby, received Information that 
 by the King's Favour, was given the this Town was well affe&ed to him ; he 
 Earl of Northumberland, who difa vowing thereupon marched thither with all Speed ., 
 
 his Son's Rebellion, was pardoned Life, 
 and reftored to his Eftate. 
 
 In the Year 15.51, there was the Swcat- 
 
 and there arrived 20 -Sept. 1641. A bet- 
 ter Reception could not be given than 
 he found there, nor a Place litter for 
 
 ing-Sicknefs in this Town, which fpread his Maiefty's Turn ; for it was very 
 it felf thro' the whole Kingdom, and commodious in all Refpeh, being ftrong 
 was particularly fatal to middle-aged in its Situation, and by Reafon of the 
 
 Neighbourhood of the Severn and NortJj- 
 yielding excellent Provifions of 
 
 Pcrfons ; fuch as had it, either died or 
 recovered in the Space of four and twen- 
 ty Hours ; bur there was at that Time a all Kinds, fo that the Court and Army 
 fpeedy Remedy found out, viz. that for the prefent were well accommodated, 
 thofe who were taken ill in the Day- The Gentry alfo about it, and the adja- 
 time fhould immediately go to Bed in cent Counties came in freely, and fome 
 their Cloaths; and thofe that fickencd of them undertook to raife both Hoi h 
 In the Night Ihould lie out their four and Foot for his Service at their OV/B 
 3
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Charge. The People before his Coming 
 had been poifoned -with an odious Cha- 
 rafter of the King, as if he were a Mon- 
 fter of a Man ; but when they faw his 
 obliging Behaviour, and heard his can- 
 did and kind Speech, they laid afide 
 their Prejudices, and were Itrangely en- 
 amour'd with him, infomuch, that fome 
 lifted for Voluntiers, others brought in 
 their Money and Plate to the Mint the 
 more readily, becaufe they faw the 
 King's go firit. Prince Rupert met the 
 King here, which brought to him a 
 greater Conflux of Gentry. The Uni- 
 verfity fent him a great Sum of Money, 
 and nlmoft all their Plate, which was 
 immediately coined. The Lords New- 
 fort and Littleton, with of her Gentlemen, 
 otfered to keep the Town for the King ; 
 fo that all Things had a fine Afpeft. 
 
 The Wars going on between the King 
 and Parliament, the King, after the 
 Revolt of L.incafiire from him to the 
 Parliament, thro' the Ina&ivity of the 
 Earl of Darby, fent the Lord Capel to 
 this City of Shrewsbury to raife fome 
 Recruits, which having done, and got. 
 ten a good Body of Horfe and Poor, 
 he much annoyed Nantwicb, and kept 
 thofe Parts from fending any Aids to Sir 
 Thomas Fairfax, or the Earl of Eflex. 
 
 When King Charles II. after he had 
 been crowned in Scotland, came into 
 England with an Army of Scots to reco- 
 ver his Right, and having parted thro' 
 Lancflfiire, came into Shretjl/tre ', he went 
 to this City, which was then kept by a 
 fmall Garrifon, under Col. Machworth, 
 for the Parliament; not doubting but that 
 upon Summons it would furrender to 
 
 him ; but refufing, he could not ftay to 
 lay a Scige to it, and fo marched for- 
 ward to Worcefter, which received him 
 joyfully, and proclaimed him King. 
 Of which more in Worcejler. 
 
 Many Difcontcnts an/ing in the Na- 
 tion after Cromwell's Death, and difpla- 
 cing his Son Richard from the Protector- 
 fhip, partly ngainft the new Settlement 
 of the Government under & Counfcl of 
 Officers, and partly for recalling the 
 Hump-Parliament ; the Royalills and 
 
 fecluded Members united in their En- 
 deavours to reftore the King, Charles II. 
 and to that End this City, among o- 
 thers, was feixed by the Lord Newport ; 
 but their Confpiracy being difcovered by 
 Sir Richard Willis, many of the Confpira- 
 tors were apprehended and punifhed, 
 which much difappointed the King, who 
 was then at Cattis. 
 
 Shrewsbury, at this Time, was a fine 
 large City, well inhabited, and main- 
 taining a confiderable Trade with the 
 Cloth-Manufafture, and Welch Flannels. 
 The People are partly Englijh and partly 
 Welch, by whom both Languages are 
 ufed. It is a Corporation governed by 
 a Mayor, twenty-four Aldermen, forty, 
 eight Common Council-Men, and a 
 Recorder, Steward, Town-Clerk, and 
 other inferior Officers, and as fuch, 
 fends BurgefTes to Parliament. It hath 
 three Markets every Week, viz on Wed- 
 nefday and Saturday for all Sorts of Pro- 
 vifions ; and on Thurfday for Welch Cot- 
 tons, Freezes, and many other Sorts of 
 Commodities, which are brought hither 
 as to a common Mart for both Nations ; 
 and great Quantities of them are bought 
 up here to be carried up to London ; and 
 yearly 4 Fairs, upon 22 June, i Aag. 
 29 Sept. and upon Afcerfion-Day. Here 
 was anciently a ftrong Caftle, and great 
 Abbey, built both of them by Roger de 
 Montgomery Earl of Shrewsbury; but now 
 there are only fome Ruins of them to 
 be feen. 
 
 Here is alfo a famous School for the 
 Education of Youth; near the Time of 
 its Erc&ion thought to be the beft and 
 moft numerous in England ; one Mr. Tho- 
 mas Afton being then the head Mafter. It 
 is a fair ftately Stone Building, erefted 
 and endowed by Queen Elizabeth, for 
 one head Matter, and three Uihers, or 
 Under-Mafters ; and hath a very good 
 Library belonging to it. The Buildings 
 of both are not inferior to many Col- 
 leges in either Univerfity, be/ides the 
 convenient Houfes allotted for the 
 Dwellings of the School-Mafters. To 
 this School belongs another School- 
 Houfe, built of the fame white Stone, 
 
 at
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 609 
 
 at a Place called Grinjhill, at about 4 or and Almanacha. for Nuns, He was a great 
 
 5 Miles Diftance from this Town, whi- 
 ther the Matters and Scholars are al- 
 lowed to repair, in cafe any contagious 
 Diftemper, or any other accidental 
 Caufe Ihould render it unfafe for them 
 to tarry in this Town. This School 
 
 Benefa&or to the Abbics of St. Stephen 
 at Caen, and "Utica. in Normandy, and the 
 Monks of St. Peter at Cluni in Eur gundy ; 
 and befides built a Church at Quadfard 
 near Bridg-North in this County, the 
 Place where his Lady Adeliza met hint 
 
 hath a good Share in Mr. Edward Care- after me had efcapcd Shipwrack, upon 
 -...*,. Charity, viz- four Scholars to be her making a Vow to build a Church to 
 
 St. Mary Magdalene, ia the Place fhe 
 met the Earl. He died, and wasbury'd, 
 as is abovefaid, leaving Robert de Be- 
 lefme, the Heir of his and his Mother's 
 great Inheritance in Normandy, but 
 
 Hugh de Montgomery his fecond Son, 
 (for he left three more Sons, a/. Roger 
 of Poiftou, Philip a Prieft, and Arnulph a 
 Soldier of Fortune) his Succeflbr in his 
 Earldoms of Arundel and Shrewsbury. 
 
 maintained at the Univerfity, as is at 
 large fliewed in Bridgnorth. 
 
 Here are five Churches, i. St. Chadd's, 
 a Collegiate Church, having a Dean and 
 ten Prebendaries. 2. St. Mary's, ere&- 
 ed for a Dean and nine Minor Preben- 
 daries. 3. St. Alkman's, a Vicarage va- 
 lued in the King's Books at 61. 4. St. 
 Julian- 5- Holy-Crofs, or Abbey- Foregate, 
 valued in the King's Books at 8 7. 
 
 Near this Town is an ancient Seat, The Welch called him Hugh Goch, became 
 called Patjln-tl, belonging to the worthy he had red Hair. He was one of thofe 
 "Family of the AJhleys, which is adorned Lords, who confpircd with Robert de Mol~ 
 
 bray to murder William Rufus in Nor- 
 thumberland ; but being difcovered, favcd 
 
 by common Report, with the fined 
 
 Gardens in the Nation, having in it all 
 
 Sorts of curious Water-works, Fountains his Life, (which others loft) by paying 
 
 and Images, together with wonderful a large Fine of three Thoufand Pounds. 
 
 Canals, &>c. In the Midft of the Garden 
 
 is a Fountain, that caufes three hundred 
 
 After this he flood fair in the Favour of 
 King William ; and being in this City, 
 when the Welch invaded the Marches, 
 
 at "two Minutes Warning. There are al- committed many Outrages and Depreda- 
 fo precious Flowers, and dainty Fruits, tions, he railed the Power of this Coun- 
 
 1 _ f ' ^ , 1__ /*_ ____ 1 ^ _ C . .. *__ .. 
 
 Pipes to fend out Water with Violence, 
 
 \vhich caufe it to be reforted to for its 
 Rarity, by Nobles, Gentry and Com- 
 mons, who many of them come many 
 Miles to fee it. 
 
 This Town hath long given the Titles 
 of Dukes and Earls to fome Families, 
 viz.- Roger de Montgomery, who being one 
 of the chief Leaders in the Norman Ar- 
 my, when the Conqueror invaded Eng- 
 land, and brought it into Subje&ion to 
 him, was rewarded, as foon as he was 
 
 and with the Afliftance of Hugh Earl 
 of Chefter, marched into Anglefey, and 
 there made not only a miferable De- 
 ftru&ion, but committed barbarous Cru- 
 elties upon the Inhabitants, by cutting 
 off their Hands and Feet, and Privities, 
 and plucking out their Eyes, efpecially 
 upon one Kenred a Prieft, whole Advices 
 the Welch chiefly followed in their late 
 Enterprises; but Providence did not fuf- 
 fer thefe ftrange Cruelties to go unre- 
 
 made King, with the Earldoms of Arun- venged long; for within a little Time 
 del and Shrewsbury. He was a Perfon of after, Magnus King of Norway, coming 
 great Prudence and Valour, of which upon the Coafts oiAnglefey, with an In- 
 
 having given fome Account above, we 
 fliall now mention only fome particular 
 Ats of his great Devotion, as it was ac- 
 counted at that Time ; befides, fuch 
 Inftances of it as he fliewed in this Town, 
 viz. He founded three Religious Houfes 
 in NormAr.dy at Saisj Troam upon Dyve, 
 
 tention to ravage the Country, was there 
 met by our Hugh, who indeed hindred 
 his Landing, but approaching near the 
 Shore, was mot with a random Arrow, 
 and foon after died. He was carried 
 to Shrewsbury, and buried in the 
 Cloyfter of his Father's Abbey, 
 H h h h leaving
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 610 
 
 leaving no Iflue ; and Ib his eldeft Br<jt 
 ther 
 
 Robert de Belefme inherited his Honour 
 of Earl ofArundel and Shrewsbury. He was 
 in great Efteem with the Conqueror, 
 who conferred on him much Honour and 
 large Poflefiions, but after his Death 
 flood up for Robert Currtofe's Succeffion 
 to the Throne againft William Rttfus ', 
 but being reconciled by his Father's 
 Means, (who was then living) he was 
 made General of all that King's military 
 Forces, and his chief Architect for 
 building of Caftles. Upon the Death of 
 his Brother Hugh, he petitioned that 
 King for his Earldom, and having paid 
 three thoufand Pounds, became Earl of 
 Arundel and Shrewsbury. He built a ftrong 
 Caftle at Bridgncrth in this County, and 
 obtained the Honour of Blytbe in Not- 
 tinehamjliire, (which he claimed as his 
 Inheritance) for a large Sum of Money. 
 In this State Things continued with him, 
 till King William Rufus died, and then 
 he renewed his Attempts for Robert 
 Curtbofe, having his two Brothers to join 
 with him, and William Warren Earl of 
 Surrey and others ; but King Henry foon 
 routed him out of all his Caftles and 
 Holds, and reduced him and his Confe- 
 derates to fuch Straits, that he was for- 
 ced with all Humility to implore the 
 .King's Clemency upon His Approach to 
 Afaeivskury; and acknowledging his Trea- 
 fon, offered him the Keys of "the Town, 
 *hich the King gracioufty accepted, 
 giving him Leave to go fafe to the Sea 
 Coaft, and fo pafs out of the Land, 
 but feizing upon all his Honours and 
 Pofleflions, as he didalfoof thofe that 
 adhered to him. He left one Son named 
 William^ furnamcd Talvace, to whom the 
 Xing granted his Father's Lands in Noy- 
 vianeiy, but never reftored him to his 
 !Earlrioms, and fo they were vacant ma- 
 ny Years. 
 
 Sir Join Talbot, Knt. whofe great and 
 heroick Atehievcmcnts had before made 
 him the Wonder of the World, was at 
 Length for a Reward for his great Servi- 
 cesj cheated Earl of Shrewsbury, 20 Hea.VL 
 
 He had married Maud the Eldeft of the 
 
 two Daughters of Sir Thomas Nevil, Knt* 
 by Join his Wife, fole Heirefs of Wil- 
 liam Lord Furnhai, in whofe Right being 
 become Lord Furn'wal, he was fummoned 
 to Parliament, n Hen. TV. and fo con- 
 tinued all that Reign ; but in the firft 
 Year of King Henry V. was imprifoned in 
 the Tower, but for what Caufeit doth not 
 appear ; and if we fhould fuppofe it for 
 none, it can't feem much amifs, when 
 we obferve, that in little more than two 
 Months after he was constituted Lord 
 Lieutenrnt of Ireland, in which Office 
 while he continued, he took Donald 
 Adac-murghe Prifoner, and brought him 
 into Engla?:d, where he was committed 
 to fafe Cuftody in the Tower. From 
 Irelandthe, King commanded him into Wor- 
 mandy, where he became engaged in the 
 Wars againft France, and was in many 
 Battles and Sieges for almoft 24, Years 
 together, fo fuccefsful, that his very 
 Name was a Terror to the French, whom 
 it feared from the Siege of Bur- 
 deaux. He was again made Lieutenant 
 of Ireland, Earl of Weysford and Water- 
 ford', but had not been long there when 
 he was recalled, and fent with foqr 
 Thoufand Soldiers againft the French t 
 who were then befieging ChaftiUion. He 
 hearing it, fecured Burdeaux, and 
 marched to Chaft/ll ion to raile the Siege, 
 but there met his Fate, being fhot 17 
 July 145 >, with a Canon Bullet from 
 the Walls, and his Son Sir John Talbct 
 with him. This brave Captain being 
 dead, his Army was prefently routed, 
 and from that Time France was foon, 
 taken out of the Hands of the Engl/Jlj. 
 His Body was not long after brought in- 
 to England, and buried at Wbitchttrcti in 
 this County, under a Monument, with 
 an Infcription, which will be propercft 
 to mention there. In his Earldom he 4 
 was fucceeded by his Son 
 
 John Tattot, his Heir, being his eldeft 
 Son by his firft Wife, (for his Son Sir 
 John, who was (lain with him, was his 
 eldeft Son by his fecond Wife), He was. 
 not of full Age at his Father's Death, 
 yet obtained Livery of his Fathers Land*
 
 S HR T S HI RE. 
 
 Some Years after he was made Chiefju- 
 fticeof North-Wales, and had aCommimon 
 to arm all Perfons in able Body, and fuf- 
 ficicnt in Eftate in this County, Sfafford- 
 fiire, and the Marches thereof, for the 
 Defence of the Country againft the un- 
 lawful Aflemblics at that Time common 
 in thefe Parts. He was alfo 12 Edw. IV. a 
 Commiflioner to treat with Commiffioners 
 from Scotland, about fome Grievances 
 committed by the Scotch Borderers, but 
 died the next Year young, leaving 
 
 George, his eldeft Son and Heir, Earl 
 of Shrewsbury, He was but 5 Years old 
 at his Father's Death, but grew up to be 
 a Man of Eminency, and in Favour 
 with his Prince ; for i Hen. VII. he was 
 one of the Lords of the Privy Council, 
 and had the Command given him the 
 next Year, of the King's Army in the 
 Battle of Stoke near Newark upon Trent, 
 againft the Rebels then in Arms, and 
 vanquished them. In the 5 Hen. VII. 
 he was one of the Chief of thofe Com- 
 manders that were fent into Flanders with 
 a powerful Army to aflift the Emperor 
 Maximilian againft the French. In the 
 Reign of King Henry VIII. he was con- 
 ftituted one of the Chamberlains of the 
 Exchequer, Steward of that King's 
 Houmold, and one of his Privy Coun- 
 cil. He commanded the Vantguard of 
 the King's Army at the Siege of Tbe- 
 roulne, and was prefent at the Interview 
 of King Henry and Francis King of France, 
 between Guljnes and Ardres. In the Re- 
 bellion, called the Pilgrimage of Grace 
 (occafioned by the Diflblution of the 
 lefler Monasteries) he was conftituted 
 the King's Lieutenant, and empowered 
 by Force to fubdue, or offer Tenders of 
 Mercy to quiet the Commons, if they 
 would fubmit. He died at Wlngfield in 
 Derbyshire, and by his laft Will and Te- 
 ilament, ordered his Body to be buried 
 at Sheffield in Torkjlrire, in the Parifli- 
 Church there, by his firft Wife, and a 
 Marble Tomb to be laid over him. 
 
 Francis Talbot, his eldeft Son and Heir, 
 fucceeded him in his Honour and E- 
 ftate. He was fummoned to Parliament 
 among the Barons in his Father's Life- 
 
 611 
 
 : me ; and the greater Monafteries hap- 
 pening to be ditfblved, juft when he 
 came to the Earldom ; he obtained from 
 the King in Exchange for the Manor of 
 Farnham- Royal in Buckinghamjbire, the In- 
 heritance of the Site of the Priory of 
 Worfop in Nottingham fiire, and Kings- 
 JMead in Derbyfolre, with divers Lands 
 belonging to the Abbiesof Beauchlefe and 
 RoMceJler in Staffordshire. He was Leader 
 in the Army that went againft Scotland 
 twice, the laft of which plundered 
 Leith, and burnt and fpoiled Edinburgh^ 
 36 Hen. VIII. In King Ediv. Vlth's 
 Reign, he was fcnt with an Army to 
 relieve Hadlngtcn, which he performed, 
 and vi&ualled it, and then returned ; 
 whereupon he was made Juftice of the 
 Forefts beyond Trent, i Marine, and 
 President of the Council in the North. 
 In Queen Elizabeth's Reign he was {lilt 
 of her Privy Council ; but in z Eliz- in 
 the Parliament then held, he and Vif- 
 count Montacute were the only Peers who 
 oppofed the Bill for the abolifliing the 
 Pope's Supremacy and Reformation of 
 Religion. He departed this Life 21 
 Sept. 1559- 2, EliZ' leaving his only 
 Son 
 
 George Talbot, Heir of his Honqur and 
 Eftate. He had the Command of three 
 thoufand Soldiers in the Expedition into 
 Scotland, when his Father was the Gene- 
 ral, and. relieved the Earl of Northum- 
 berland, who was in Danger at LovicR. 
 The Cuftody of the Queen of Scots was 
 committed to him, n Eliz. and he held 
 it i 5 Years. Upon the Arraignment of 
 the Duke of Norfolk, he was made Lord 
 High Steward of England for that pre- 
 fent Service, and afrer the Death of that 
 Duke he was conftituted Earl Marflial 
 of England. He was buried at Sheffield 
 aforefaid by his Anccftors, where, in his 
 Life-time he had ere&ed a noble Monu- 
 ment for himfelf, with a long Epitaph, 
 containing his Pedigree, Preferments, 
 and warlike Aftions, but without Date, 
 bccaufe he knew not the Day of his 
 Death, and his Executors were 'not care- 
 ful to put it on after his Dcceafe, which 
 happened 18 Nov. 1590. 
 H h h h z This
 
 .rfi.2 SfIR T SHIR E. 
 
 This noble Earl, by his laft Will, da- Shrewsbary of this Houfe, to whofe Iflxie 
 ted 24 June i 590, appointed, that the Alalc the Earldom was limited ; his Po- 
 Sum of two Hundred Pounds fliould fterity enjoyed this Honour for many 
 yearly be employed for ever, for the Defcents. The Manor of Grafton came 
 Benefit of the pooreft Artificers of the to this Family by the Gift of King Henry 
 Town of Pcniefaft in Yorkshire, for the VII. whom Sir Gilbert aflifted in the 
 Increafe of Trades and Occupations ; 
 and thus to be diftribated: The -Mayor 
 of -the faid Town, arid his Brethren, or 
 the greateft Number of them with the 
 
 Battle in Bo/worth Field ; after which he 
 was employed by the fame Prince in di- 
 vers important Affairs ; for he was com- 
 miflioncd to go into Flanders in the 
 
 Mayor, fhall meet upon Monday in Whit- Expedition on the Behalf of Maximilian 
 /tf-Week, and by and with the Aflent of the Emperor, again ft the French, in the 
 fhc Earl of Shrewsbury, for the Time be- 5th .Year of King Hetiry VII. He died 
 ing, pay and lend to every poor Arti- 
 ficer of the faid Town, fo far as the faid 
 Money will extend, the Sum of five 
 Pounds for three Years next following, 
 
 unmarried, and 
 
 John Talbot, the Son of Join Talbot of 
 Longford in this County of Salop, Efq ; 
 the onely Brother of the laft -Earl George * 
 
 every one of them giving good and fuf- fucceeded in the Earldom. This Earl 
 
 ficient Security, for the Repayment 
 thereof at the Time fixed. HeaKbgave 
 five Hundred Pounds to the Town of 
 Chejlerfield in Darbyfiire, to fet up Tradef- 
 men, who had no Stock to begin with. 
 He was fucceeded in his Honour and E- 
 ftate by his Son 
 
 Gilbert Talbot his fecond Son, Francis his 
 eldeft Son, tho' married, dying in his 
 Life-time, and without IfTue. He fat in 
 Parliament as a Baron in his Father's 
 Life-time, and was lent by Queen JE- 
 iizabeth Reg. 1 5. into France, once to 
 confirm the League, and at another 
 Time an AmbafTacior. In the Reign of 
 King James I. he was conftituted Guar- 
 
 by his firft Wife, had, feveral Sons, 
 George, Francis, Edward and Gilbert ; George 
 died without Iffue in his Father's Life- 
 time ; and fo his next Son 
 
 "Francis Lord Talbot fucceeded him in 
 his Honour, but was unfortunately kil- 
 led in a Duel by the Duke of Bucking- 
 ham. This Lord lived in the Time of 
 the Civil Wars of this Nation ; and tho' 
 we do not find him engaged in the Royal 
 Caufe, yet his. Brothers ^Edward and Gil- 
 bert cfpoufed if with, much Zeal. The 
 firft of thefe was fkin at Marjlon-moor 
 Fight in Yorkjbire; and the later was ta- 
 ken Prifoner, with two hundred more 
 of the King's Party at Tiverton. Many 
 
 dian,and Chief juftice of all the Forefts others of this Family of Talbots attended 
 
 beyond Trent, and departing this Life the King's Fate, and were great Suf- 
 
 $ltitay\$Jac.\ 1 6: 6, was buried with ferers, as Sir Henry Talbot, and Col. 
 
 bis Anceftors at Sheffield above mentioned, James Talbot, and Sherington Talbot of 
 
 leaving no Heir Male ; whereupon (tho' Salwarpe in Worcefterftire, Eiq; whofe E- 
 
 the greateft Part of the Eftate went to itafe was damaged by the Parliament's 
 
 his three Daughters) the Honour de- r> "--" T,^, .~~~ -D,,~J., TU:.. T?-..I 
 Tolved upon his Brother 
 
 Edward* Talbot, who then became Earl 
 of Shrewsbury, but he dying the next 
 
 Year without Iflue, the direct Line was vw>*> i,,, vn^ ,.., ^utwc uj. 
 
 quite fpent, and the Title of Honour and Shrewsbury, the laft of that Name and 
 
 littate defcended to a collateral Branch, Line that inherited this Honour. He 
 
 viz. was in all the Changes of his Time a 
 
 Geor/fe Tallot of Grr.fton, in the Cotm- great Patriot of his Country, and an 
 
 ty. of Worcejter't lineul Heir of Sir Gilbert earneft Efpoufer of the Proteftant In- 
 
 "Ta&ot of j>Yi/Vu, .Knt.. Ban. fecond Son tereft, for obferving what King Janes 
 
 ..; famous Joln y the firft Earl of II, aimed at in all. his Management, and 
 
 Party above 2000 Pounds. This Earl 
 Francis married Anna-Maria Daughter of 
 Robert Earl of Cardigan, by whom he 
 had 
 
 Charles Talbct, the late Duke of
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 -what \vouldbethe neceflary Confequence 
 of it ; he left this Place of Lord Cham- 
 berlain of the Houfhold, and quitted a 
 Regiment of Horfe, which he command- 
 ed under that King, and mortgaging his 
 Eftate, went over to the Prince of Orangey 
 and by his Example carried over divers 
 other Perfons of Honour, for which, 
 and many other good Services, he was 
 made, upon that Prince's Advancement 
 to the Throne of thefe Realms, Princi- 
 pal Secretary of State, and a Knight of 
 the Garter. He after fbme Time left his 
 Secretary's Place, but foon re fumed it 
 again, being in the fixth Year of the 
 Reign of King William and Queen Mary, 
 Anno 1694, created Marquefs of Alton and 
 Duke of Shrewsbury, and the fame Year 
 inttalled Knt. of the Garter. But being 
 at length difabled by a Fall from his 
 Horfe, to undergo the^ Fatigue of the 
 Secretary's Place, he rcligned it a fecond 
 Time,, and his Majefty King William was 
 
 plcafed, in lieu of it, to make him Lord 
 Chamberlain, which was a Place of much 
 eaficr Management ; but being under 
 many Indifpofitions, he refigned that 
 Office alfo to the Earl of Jevfey^ and 
 went into "France and Italy to drink the 
 Waters for the Recovery of his Health. 
 In his Travels in Italy he married the 
 
 Lady Adelaida, Daughter of Pel- 
 
 lioti of Bolonia, defcended by her We- 
 ther's Side from Sir Robert Dudley, a 
 Duke of the Empire. Being returned 
 into 'England, he was rcftored to his 
 Place of Chamberlain of the Houfhold, by 
 her Majefty Queen A x N E, Anno i 710, 
 and was at the fame Time made one of 
 her Privy Council. In the Year 1713, 
 at the confirming the Peace, he was lent 
 an Ambaflador Extraordinary into 
 France, and on his Return from thence, 
 was fent Lord Lieutenant into Ireland ; 
 after his Return from whence he lived 
 not long. 
 
 Men of Eminency born or inhabiting in Shrewsbury. 
 
 Ichard Plantagenet, fecond Son to 
 King Edward IV. and Elizabeth his 
 [ueen, was born at Shrewsbury, Anno 
 1472. He was created by his Father 
 Duke of York, and affianced to Anne the 
 Daughter and Heir of John Mowbray 
 Duke of Norfolk. He was murdered (as 
 our Hiftorians generally agree) with his 
 Brother King Edward V. in the Tower 
 of London, by the Inftruments of his 
 cruel Uncle Richard Duke of Glccetter, to 
 make his Way to the Throne ; tho' a 
 Report, that he was conveyed away to his 
 Aunt Margaret, Dutchefs of Burgundy, 
 and was alive after King Richard's Death, 
 \vasa Ground for fome Malecontents to 
 fet up Perkin Warbech, under his Name 
 and Perfcn to claim the Throne, when 
 Henry VII. had got PpiTeflion of it, which 
 
 caufed that King fome Danger, but 
 more Trouble to fupprefs it. 
 
 George Plantagenet alfo his Brother, the 
 youngeft Son of the fiiid King and Queen, 
 was born here. He died in his In- 
 fancy. 
 
 Robert of Shrewsbury, Bifliop of Ear.' 
 gor, in the Reign of King John, Anno 
 1197. That King making War upon 
 Lecline Prince of Wales, imprifoned this 
 Bimop in his own Cathedral, and for 
 his Ranfom obliged him to pay 500 
 Hawks, a Bird tho' fcarce in this Nation 
 for many Ages paft, we may fuppofe- 
 were then plentiful. He wrote the Life 
 of St. Winifred, and relates many Mira- 
 cles done by her, at the Requeft of the 
 Men of Ruthin in Wales. It is remark- 
 able of him, that at his Death he or- 
 dered
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 dered by his Will, that his Body fhould 
 be buried not in his Cathedral, which 
 might be thought the properelt Place, 
 but in the Middle of the Market-place 
 of this Town of Shrewsbury, where he 
 was born. Dr. Fuller defires us not to 
 impute it to his Profanenefs, but either 
 to his Humility, as not worthy to lie in 
 Holy Ground, or to his prudent Fore- 
 fight ; that in thole warlike Times 
 Churches were more likely to be difturb- 
 ed than Market- Places. Anno izi5. he 
 departed this Life. 
 
 Ralph of Shrewsbury, fo called from his 
 Birth-place. He was in the Reign of 
 King Edward III. Bifhop of Bath and 
 Wells ', but becaufe he was confecrated 
 without the Pope's Knowledge, he was 
 forced to pay a large Sum to expiate for 
 his Prefumption. He was a great Bene- 
 faftor to his Cathedral, giving not only 
 a large Sum to it, but a ftrong Cheft 
 with Iron Bars to keep it in, which yet 
 feme Thieves broke open in Queen E- 
 iizabetb's Days, but how, is unknown. 
 He ere&ed and endowed a fpatious 
 5truhire for the Vicar's Choral of his 
 Cathedral, to inhabit together ; and with 
 great Expence enlarged the Bifhop's 
 Palace, beautifying and fortifying it 
 Caftle-wife. He uk Bifhop 34 Years, and 
 dying 14 Aug. 1363, Heth buried in his 
 Cathedral, and on his Tomb is his Sta- 
 tue done to the Life. 
 
 The Family of Talbots hath produced 
 many eminent Men, befides thofe that 
 have fucceflively born the Honour of 
 Earls of Shrewsbury, viz,. 
 
 Sir Gilbert Talbot, who was the Son of 
 John Talbot, the lecond Earl of Shrews- 
 bury, of that Name; he was the High 
 Sheriff of Skropjlrire, 5 Rich. III. and in 
 tlie Time of Ins Shrievalty, Henry Earl 
 of Richmond (afterwards King Henry VII.) 
 marching with his Men to bid Battle to 
 King Richard III. was met at Shrewsbury 
 by Sir Gilbert, with two thoufand Men 
 v.ell armed, moll of them Tenants of 
 his Nephew George Earl of Shrewsbury, 
 then in his Minority ; and with them he 
 Ib increafed the Earl's Army, that 
 roming 10 a ] attic in Bofwerth Held, he 
 
 was Vibr. For thefe great Services the 
 Earl, when he was made King, reward- 
 ed him with a fair Eftate in Lands at 
 Graf ton in Worcefterjhire, made him Go- 
 vernor of Calls, and Knight of the Gar- 
 ter, and from him the Earls of Shrews- 
 bury from the 14 J-ctc. I. are defcended. 
 While he was Governor of Calls, King 
 Henry Vfll. fearing leaft that important 
 Place fliould be furprifed by the French, 
 fent to him to fortify it well ; but this 
 ftout Man fentjiim Word again, That he 
 could neither fortify, nor fiftify with- 
 out Money, of which the King fent 
 him none. Of his Family was 
 
 Robert Talbot, a Perfon very much e- 
 fteemed in his Time, -viz. in the Reign 
 of King Henry VIII. for his fingular 
 Knowledge in the Antiquities of Eng- 
 land, and his Care in preferring and 
 collecting ancient Books and Monuments. 
 Leland, Bale, Ortelius an/l Cambden, a- 
 bpund in his Praifes; and the laft thus 
 ftiles him, Vir antiqultatls bene peritus, 
 viz. Meaning of the Icen'i. He was Fel- 
 low of New College, Oxford, Prebendary 
 of Wells, and Treafurer of the Cathedral 
 of Norwich, where he refided, and 
 compofed his Notes on Antoninus's Itine- 
 rary, never printed, but much made ufe 
 of by Cambden and Burton. He hath o- 
 ther Writings and Collections difperfed 
 in Libraries, but none printed, and 
 therefore more valued. He gave three 
 Acres of Land in Lakenham u^Norfolk, to 
 the Dean and Chapter of Norwich, 27 
 Aug. i 558, and foon after died, and was 
 buried in the Cathedral Church there. 
 There was alfo one 
 
 Thomas Talbot, living about the fame 
 Time with Robert, and of the fame Fa-, 
 mily, as we fuppofe. He was called for 
 DiftinCtion, Limping Talbot, from his 
 Lamenefs. He being promoted to be 
 Clerk of the Records of the Tower of 
 London, became fo good a Genealogift, 
 that Cambden in his Britannia doth acknow- 
 ledge that he helped him in the Succef- 
 fions of the Earls of every County fince 
 the Norman Conqucft. He left choice 
 Collcftion.s behind him, which Sir Robert 
 Cotfon purchafed many of, and put them 
 
 into
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 into his Library, as valuable Monu- 
 ments. 
 
 Col. Richard Tallot, who was familiar 
 wirh King Charles II. but more in Favour 
 with King James II. was of this Family. 
 He was employed by this laft to model 
 the Army in Ireland; and accordingly 
 made great Alterations in it, by putting 
 out Proteftant Officers and putting in 
 Papifts, which Dr, Oates, fome Years 
 before, had in his Narration foretold. 
 Having done this, he came over into 
 England to give an Account of what he 
 had done, and was both well received 
 and rewarded, being made Earl of Tyr- 
 cor.nel, with a Defign that he mould re- 
 turn into Ireland in Quality of Lord 
 Lieutenant, to which Office he had been 
 recommended by Bifliop Tyrel; but upon 
 Advice the Earl of Clarendon was fent 
 Lord Lieutenant, and Tyrconnel Lieute- 
 nant-Gcneral, in which Place he and 
 his Brother Peter Talbot, reputed Arch- 
 bimop of Dublin, fought to promote Po- 
 pery, till the Revolution broke all their 
 Meafures. 
 
 Sampfon Price, the Son of Thomas 
 Trice, fometime Vicar of St. Chad's in 
 , was born in that Parifb.. He 
 
 received his Univerfity Learning in Ex- 
 eter College, Oxford, where he took all 
 his Degrees in Divinity, being made a 
 Doftor in 1617. He became a fmarc 
 Univerfity Preacher ; and from a Lec- 
 turer of St. Martin's Church in Oxford, 
 was made the fame at St. Otaves in South- 
 w.rrk, Chaplain in Ordinary to King 
 James I. (and fo continued to King 
 Charles I.) and Vicar of Chrift Church, Lon- 
 don. He was a ready and frequent Court 
 Preacher; and being zealous againft the 
 Popifh Do&rines, was much reforted to 
 and admired, being ufually rtiled by 
 his Hearers, The Ma-wle of Hervtickr, i. e* 
 Papifts. He hath 7 Sermons in Print, 
 and lies buried under the Communion 
 Table in the Chancel of Chrifl -Church. 
 He died in 1630, and was fucceeded in, 
 the Vicarage of Cbriji-Chunh by Mr. Ed- 
 ward Finch, Brother of Sir J-ohn Pinch, af- 
 terward Lord Finch of Fordwich. 
 
 Thomas Churchyard, wa* born in this 
 Town. He wrote a Book in Verfe of 
 the Worthies of Wales. Mr. Cambdert in 
 his Remains tells us, what his Epitaph 
 made by himlelf was, by which it feeing 
 that he was as poor as Poets ufually are. 
 The Epitaph was this: 
 
 Come Alcftj, lend me the Torch, 
 To find a Church- yard in a Church-Porch ; 
 Poverty and Poetry his Tomb doth cnclofe, 
 Wherefore good Neighbours be merry in Profe. 
 
 He died (as is conjeftured) about the 
 Eleventh of Queen Elizabeth's Reign, 
 1570. 
 
 Edward Wcftey, Dr. of Divinity of 
 Oxford, but educated at Cambridge in St. 
 John's College. He was one of the 
 Chaplains in Ordinary to King Charles I. 
 and adhering to his Majefty's Caufe in 
 the Grand Rebellion, retired with the 
 King to Oxford to attend on him, and 
 preach fometimes before him there. 
 When his Majefty's Caufe declined, he 
 fuffered, as the other Royalifts did, and 
 attended King Charles II. in his adverfc 
 Fortune, enduring much Mifery in his 
 Service. After the Reftoration of his 
 r, he was made Re&or of I/B- 
 
 chinefeld in Eflex, to fettle the Inhabi- 
 tants there in loyal Principles, and in- 
 validate the Doarines of the leading 
 Independent, Mr. Stephen MarfraL In 
 1665, he was promoted to the Epifcopal 
 Sec of Clonfort and Kilmacogh in Ireland^ 
 ro which he was confecratcd at Tuam f 
 1 6 -4/>r.~and fat there fome Years, being, 
 held in great Veneration for his admi- 
 rable way of Preaching, and exemplary- 
 Converfation, Among feveral Things- 
 that he hath in Print, thefe are, i. 
 Ealogia, ihewing the pious Pra&ife of 
 Parents giving, and Children asking their 
 Bleffing. z. Eifdoxia, a Model for pri- 
 vate Prayers. 3. Tl.ft true Royalift. 
 
 C>t.
 
 6i6 
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Col. Benlow, a great Royalift, and 
 very aHve in King Charles lid's Caufe 
 at the Battle of Wonefer^ was fhot to 
 Death in this Town, Oftob. 1651. 
 
 Mr. Tfomas Challoner, of this Town, a 
 nioft admirable Greek Scholar, and School- 
 mafter in the King's School here. This 
 Part of the Kingdom was very much be- 
 holding to him for keeping up the Prin- 
 ciples of Loyalty, which he inftilled in- 
 to a vaft Company of young Gentle- 
 men bred up by him in Learning, for 
 which, falling under the Frowns of the 
 Rebel Powers, he was fined fixty Pounds. 
 Near this City the River Severn hath 
 many Turnings and Windings, making 
 a kind of Penlnfula, the inmoft Part of 
 v.hich is called, Tie IJle of Hall, where 
 is a Chapel for religious Worihip, and 
 at the Keck (lands 
 
 Roffal, a little Village, famous for no- 
 thing in Mr. Cambdens Time, but a Sort 
 of old famioned Boats, called in Latin, 
 Rates, i. e. Flotes made of Planks of 
 I'ougb Timber, joined together with 
 light Ribs of Wood, which the Inhabi- 
 tants here make ufe of to convey Bur- 
 thens backward and forward upon the 
 Stream of the Severn. The Ufe and 
 Name of them was originally brought 
 by the Englijlj from the Rhine in Germa- 
 ny, where they bear the Name of Flotes ; 
 but this Sort of Veflels are now almoft 
 <juite out of Date here ; but inftead of 
 them the Hfliermen have gotten a fmall 
 Veflcl called aCoracle, which they ufe to 
 the fame, or better Purpofe, as well, 
 or rather more to be taken Notice of 
 than the former ; for one Man fitting in 
 it will row himfeif with incredible 
 Swiftnefs with one Hand, while with 
 the other he manages his Net, Angle, 
 or other Fifhing-Tackle. It is to of a 
 Form almoft Oval, made of fplit Sallow 
 Twigs interwoven, (round at the Bot- 
 tom) and on that Part next the Water 
 covered with an HoiTc-hide. It is a- 
 bout five Foot in Length, and three in 
 Breadth, wnd is fo light, that when the 
 HfliCrmen or Rowers come off the Wa- 
 ter, they can take them on their Eacks 
 and carry them home. 
 
 There are many Villages more in this 
 Hundred, which being fb near the chief 
 Town of the Shire, have doubtlefs many 
 Things memorable in them ; but for 
 want of Information we muft omit them, 
 and fo go on to another Hundred, viz. 
 
 II. NORTH-BRADFORD Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred lies in the moft Nor- 
 thern Part of the County, and is bound- 
 ed on that Side and the Eaft with Cbe- 
 foire ; on the South, with Bradford South ; 
 and on the Weft, with Part of Flintjhire 
 in Wales, and the Hundreds of Plnihill 
 and Shrewsbury. The Fee of this Hun- 
 dred, we fuppofe to be in the King, and 
 under the Goverment ef the Sheriffs ; 
 but the Bailiwick of it was for fome 
 time in the Family of the Ferrers of Oke- 
 ham ', William de Ferrers dying poflefTed 
 of it, ^Edvu. III. and Henry de Ferrers, 
 1 1 Rich. II. his Widow jfoan, after his 
 Death, having her Thirds in it, and 
 leaving it at her Death to her Grandibn 
 William, the Son and Heir of Henry. It 
 hath three Market-Towns in it, Drayton, 
 Wemm, and WVitclmrc}). 
 
 Dray ton, whole Market is weekly on 
 Wednefday, and Fairs yearly on the 
 Translation of St. Edward, 13 Oftob. and 
 on the Wednefday before Palm- Sunday, 
 We find nothing memorable concerning 
 this Town in our Hiftories, but the 
 Battle fought near it upon Blore-heath, 
 between the Adherents to the fork and 
 Lancajlrian Title to the Crown, in the 
 37th Year of King Henry VI. NeviULarl 
 of Salisbury being the Leader of the York 
 Party, and jFames Touchet Lord Audhy of 
 the Lancastrians. The Earl had with 
 him about 5 Thousand Men, and the 
 Lord Audley ten, which put him in 
 Hopes that he fhould over- power the 
 Earl, and take him, and therefore he 
 prcfTed the more unadvifcdly upon the 
 Earl's Party, before his own was in a 
 Rcadinefs, and fit for an Attach. Sa- 
 lisbury was fenfible that he was over- 
 mimbred, but refolved not to fly, and 
 fo joined Battle. The Fight was long 
 and bloody ; but the Earl's Men having 
 
 nothiug
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 nothing to truft to but their Valour, Elizabeth his only Daughter and Heir ; 
 fought like defperate Perfons, and at Sir Robert Ferrers, a younger Son of the 
 length vanquished the Lord Audley and Lord Ferrers of Chartley, bv Marriage with 
 
 hisVhole Army, killing him and many 
 of his Captains, who being dead, the 
 Army in Confufion fled. There were 
 killed in the Combat, and after the Fight, 
 above two Thoufand Men, of which the 
 greateft Part were Chejhire Men, becaufe 
 the LordAudley had'gathered moft of his 
 Men out of that County. The Earl of 
 Salisbury marched from hence taLudlow, 
 where Richard Duke of York was gather- 
 ing Forces ; and upon Confutation it 
 was from this Time agreed to aim at 
 obtaining the Crown. This Town is 
 fuppofed by fome Antiquaries to be the 
 Caer-Darithott, which Ninnius mentions a- 
 mong the twenty Cities of Britain, which 
 Henry of Huntington calls Draiton- The 
 Family of the Corbets had a Seat here, 
 of which it is obfervable, that fome of 
 them were Sheriffs of this County, from 
 33 Hen. III. in moft of the fucceeding 
 Reigns to 1 1 Car. I. 
 
 Wem, another Market-town in this 
 Hundred, whofe Market is weekly on 
 Thurfday, and Fair yearly on St. Martins 
 Day, 10 Nov. It is ntuate near the 
 Head of the River Rodan ; and in it 
 there was anciently a Caftle began to be 
 ere&ed, but not beirrg finiflied, there is 
 nothing now to be feen of it, but an Hill 
 upon which it is fuppofed the Founda- 
 tion was laid. About the Beginning of 
 the Norman Times, this Town was the 
 Barony and Seat of William Pantolf, who 
 at the Time of the Survey, was found 
 to have had twenty-eight Lordfhips 
 more in this County, which lie held of 
 Roger de Montgomery, to whom, as is a- 
 bovefaid, the greateft Part of this Coun- 
 ty was given by the Conqueror. From 
 his Pofterity, of whom William de Pan- 
 tolf, the Son of Ivo de Pantolf, was the 
 Heir Male, it paffed by his Daughter 
 and fole Heir Maud de Pantolf, by Mar- 
 riage to Ralf Boteler of Over/ley in War- 
 wickjhire, 17 Hen. III. In his Family it 
 continued fome Years; but William 
 Boteler dying without Iflue Male, fome- 
 time before 49 Edia. III. and leaving 
 
 her, came into the PoiTeffion of this Ba- 
 rony, Over/ley, and the reft of her Inheri- 
 tance, and was fummoned to Parliament 
 among the Barons, by the Title of Ro- 
 bert Ferrers of Wem, Chevalier. All her 
 Eftate upon her Marriage, was entailed 
 upon the Heirs of their Bodies; and for 
 want of fuch, to her right Heirs. Robert 
 died, and left an Heir Robert, who alfo 
 died before his Mother, leaving two 
 Daughters Coheirs, viz. Elizabeth mar- 
 ried to fobn Lord Grey flock ; and Mary to 
 Ralph Nevil Earl of Wejtmorland ; Eliza- 
 beth their Grandmother yet living, and 
 marrying to Sir Thomas Molington* 
 Knt. (tiling her felf Baronefs of Wem* 
 After her Deceafc this Barony pafled to 
 John Lord Greyftoke, who married her 
 eldeft Grand-daughter Elizabeth, and 
 continued in that Family till I-fluc Male 
 again failing, a Hen. VII. Elizabeth, the 
 Heir general of Ralph Lord Greyftoke, car- 
 ried this Lordfhip by Marriage to Tho- 
 mas Lord Dacres of Gittejlana 1 , beyond 
 which Family we can't trace it. 
 
 In the Reign of King fames II. the 
 Title of Baron of Wem was conferred by 
 that Prince upon George Lord Jeffrey /, 
 then Lord High Chancellor of England, 
 not fo much becaufe he had purchafed 
 the Manor, as becaufe he had been par- 
 ticularly ferviceable to his Defigns in 
 bringing in Popery. He died upon the 
 Coming of King William III. into Eng- 
 land, more thro* Fear of Punifhment 
 than Difeafe or Age, and left his Ho- 
 nour and Eftate to his Son, who became 
 Baron of Wem. He was a promifing 
 young Man, but died foon, and fo the 
 Honour oecame extinft. 
 
 Sir Thomas Adams, Knt. fo made by 
 King Charles II. when he was fent to the 
 Hague a Commiflioner for the Ciry of 
 London, was born in this Town. He was 
 bred a Draper in London, where God fo 
 bleflcd his Induftry, that he became 
 Lord Mayor in 1645, having been She- 
 riff about 6 Years before. He was a 
 great Sufferer in the Times of the Rebel- 
 I i i i lion,,
 
 S PI R T S PI I R E. 
 
 lion, but bore his Troubles with a perfeft 
 Submiflion to God's Pleafure, and Chear- 
 ialnefs. He gave the Houfe of his Na- 
 tivity in this Town to be a Free-School, 
 for the Education of Town-born Chil- 
 dren, and liberally endowed it. He li- 
 ved fome Years afcer the Reftoration, 
 and faw, no doubt, with great Comfort, 
 the Benefit of his Gift to this Town, 
 in the good Education of their Children 
 in Learning and Piety. 
 
 Wlit-churcb, or de Albo Monafterh, cal- 
 led alfo Blackmere, becaufe the Manor- 
 houfe of this Town ftands upon a large 
 Merej which, from the Blacknefs of the 
 Water, was called Blackmere. This Ma- 
 nor was the Eftatc of the Family of 
 Jllancminjtcr, or de Whit-church ; the laft 
 of which Family leaving only 4 Daugh- 
 ters and Heirs, this Manor by one of 
 them, pafled in Marriage to Robert Le 
 Strange, (whofe Family was fo named, 
 becaufe they were Strangers brought in- 
 to Enefavd by King Henry II. and foon 
 after far fprcad and propagated) whofe 
 Son "John Le Strange was called Le 
 Strange of Blackmere, from his Seat 
 near the Mere, of which before. 
 This Manor continued fome Succef- 
 fions.in the Family of Le Strange, and 
 John Le Strange, the Grandfon of the 
 above-mentioned John, being in Favour 
 with K. Edw. III. obtained a Charter 
 for free Warren of the faid Prince for 
 his Manors of Whitchurch, and other 
 Lordfliipsin this County. He died fei^ed 
 of this Manor, and left it to his Son 
 Tulke* whofe Defcendant and Nephew 
 by his Brother John, coming into Pof- 
 feflion of this Lordfliip, obtained of 
 King 'Edward IIL a Charter for a Fair 
 to be held yearly at Wbitcburch, upon 
 the Eve, Day and Morrow oT the Feaft 
 of the Apoftles of S. S. Simon and Jude, 
 t8 08ob. This John left a Daughter for 
 his Heir, but fhe dying without Iffue, 
 her Aunt Antlaret became her Heir, be- 
 ing then 2* Years old, and married so 
 
 Sir Rlclard Talbot, Knt. fhe brought it 
 into his Family, in which it continued 
 long, as will prefently appear. 
 
 Sir Richard Talbot being poflefled of 
 this Manor, died feixed of it, zo Rich. 
 II. leaving it to his Son Gilbert Ta-lbot, 
 who dying 7 Hen- V. lefc a Daughter 
 named Ambaret his Heir, then but two 
 Years old, Beatrix his Wife fnrviving 
 him, who tho' flic was a Portuguefe, and 
 illegitimate, the King accepted as a free 
 Deniz.cn, and confirmed to her this Ma- 
 nor, with the Advowfon of the Church, 
 and fome other Eftates, which had be- 
 fore been fettled on her for Term of 
 Life. Ancharet, the Heir of Gilbert, died 
 about two Years after her Father, and 
 John her Uncle became her Heir* He 
 was fo famous for military Exploits, that 
 he was made Earl of Shrewsbury, and 
 the World's Wonder. He was killed 
 before Cbatittion in France, by a Canon- 
 Jhot, and was brought to this Town to> 
 be buried, leaving this Manor, and o- 
 ther great Eftates to his Son and Heir 
 J^^whom he had by Maud his firft Wife, 
 one of the Heirs of Sir Thomas Nevilt 
 Lord Furnival. This Jchn left this Ma- 
 nor to his Son of the fame Name, as did 
 alfo this Jdhn ; but Cbriftopher Talbot his 
 fourth Son, Archdeacon of Chejler, was 
 Re&orof this Church. We find no far- 
 ther Account of this Manor, and fo fup- 
 pofe it continued in the Shrewsbury Fami- 
 ly, till it was exrinft in the laft Duke, 
 as we have /hewed above. 
 
 The Church here is a ReJory valued 
 in the King's Books at ^6 I. 4/. 4^. ob-. 
 in the Patronage of the Shrewsbury Fa- 
 mily till lately. In it are fcveral Mo- 
 numents for the Talbots ; but the moft 
 remarkable is for our Englijb Achilles* 
 John T allot, the fir ft Earl of Shrews- 
 bury of this Family. It ftands in th& 
 South-Wall of the Chancel, and de- 
 fcryes our Notice for the Plainness of 
 it, according to the Cuftom of the 
 Age, 
 
 Crilt
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 619 
 
 Orate pro antma Prtnobilis Viri, DOMINI 
 10 AN IS TALBOT, Quondam Comitis Salopif. 
 Domini Talbot, Domini Fumival, Domini Verdon, 
 Domini Strange de Blackmere, & MarefJialli 
 Francis Out obiit in Bella apud Burdews. 
 VU IVLII MCCOCLI1I. 
 
 Pray for the Soul of the Right Ho- 
 nourable Lord, JOHN TALBOT, 
 ibme Time Earl of Shrewsbury, Lord Talbot, 
 Lord Furnival, Lord Verdon, Lord Strange of 
 Blackmere, and Marfhal of France, who 
 died in Battle at Burdeivs. 
 
 the VII of J V L Y M CCCC LIII. 
 
 This Town is famous for (everal emi- 
 nent Men, who were born, or lived 
 in it. 
 
 I. Nicholas Bernard, Chaplain to the 
 Learned Dr. Barnes Ujher, Primate of 
 Ireland, and afterwards Dean of Ardagh. 
 He was reputed a Perfon of fuch Learn- 
 ing and Judgment, that that Learned 
 Prelate much entruftcd him to make 
 Obfervations and Colle&ions for him. 
 He continued in Ireland in the Time of 
 the Rebellion, and not only was ftript 
 of all his Eftate, but was often in Dan- 
 ger of his Life, which drove him into 
 England with his Lord the Primate. Soon 
 after his Arrival here, he was made Rec- 
 tor of this rich Church, (which was given 
 him by the Earl of Bridgivater} Chaplain 
 to Oliver Lord Protestor, and one of his 
 Almoners, and Preacher to the Honour 
 able Society of Greys-Inn. Afrer the 
 Reftoration of King Charles II. if he 
 would have returned into Ireland, 'tis 
 more than probable he might have rc- 
 
 f ained his Deanery, and perhaps been a 
 ifhop ; but he had fo ill an Opinion of 
 the State of that Nation, that he would 
 not truft himfelf there ; but contenting 
 himfelf with Whitchurch, remained there 
 to his dying Day. He wrote fome 
 Things remarkable, as. I. The penitent 
 Death of John Atberton, Bifhop of Wa~ 
 terford, who was executed at Dublin Dec. 
 5. 1640, with a Sermon preached at 
 hi* Burial the Night after, z. The 
 
 Siege of Drogbeda, in which he was pre- 
 fent, and feveral Times in Jeopardy of 
 his Life there. ($.) The Life and Death 
 of Dr. James Ujher Bifliop of Armagb t 
 &>c. in a Sermon at his Funeral 1 7 Apr. 
 1656'. (4.) The Judgment of the faid 
 Archbifhop concerning the Extent of 
 Chrift's Death, of the Sabbath, 8<V. 
 anfwcred by Dr. Heylin, with whom this 
 Doftor had fome Difpute about thofe 
 Points, by Letter, &v. He died in this 
 Place, and was buried in the Church in 
 the Winter, Anno i66i t leaving a 
 Son James Bernard. 
 
 z. Abraham Whelock, a noted Perfon for 
 his Learning, was born in this Town. 
 He was bred up in Univerfity Learning 
 in Clare-hall, Cambridge, where he was 
 Fellow, Library-Keeper, Arabick Profef- 
 for, and Minifter of Sr. Sepulchres. He 
 was admirable for his Induftry, and no 
 lefs for his great Knowledge in the Ori- 
 ental Toogues. He tranftated the New 
 Tejlament into the Perpan Language, 
 with Hopes, that in Time it might tend 
 fome way or other to the Conversion of 
 that Countrey to Chriftianity. It is true, 
 his Labour was ridiculed at that Time ; 
 but whatever the Eife& was then like to 
 be, his Defign was pious and commend- 
 able, and who knows but that it may 
 hereafter produce fome good Fruit. He 
 was one of thofe learned Men, whom 
 Dr. Brian Walton, afterwards Bifhop of 
 Chejler, made ufe of in putting out h;$ 
 Polyglot Bible ; and among the VVeilcrn 
 I i i i a Tongues
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Tongues he was well verfed in the Saxon, 
 as he fhewed by the fair and true Edi- 
 tion, which he put our, of Bede s Works. 
 He died in 1654. 
 
 Adderley, or Atherley, the Lordfhip and 
 Eftate of Bartholomew Lord Badlefmere, 
 9 Edward II. who obtained of that King 
 a Grant for a Market every Week \r$- 
 onTkurfday, and a hair yearly, upon the 
 Eve, Day and Morrow of the Apoftlcs 
 S S. Peter and Paul, 29 jFune ', as alfo a 
 Charter of a free Warren in all his dc- 
 mefne Lands in this Place. He lefc it to 
 Giles his Son, with other large Eftates, 
 and the Advowfon of the Church, who 
 <ftcd without IfTue Male, and his Sifters 
 Were his Heirs, of which Margery was 
 friar>led to William Lord Ros of Hamteke, 
 and had this Lordfhip for Part of her 
 pivifibn of the Eftate; and fo it was 
 found that this Lordfhip belonged 7 Rich 
 TL to Thomas Lord Ros of Hemlake, in 
 Vhofe Family in continued divers Suc- 
 ceflions, till Thomas Lord Ros, being a 
 Srm Adherent to the Lavcajlrian Fami- 
 ly in the Wars of King Henry VI. and 
 King Edward IV. was after the Defeat 
 of the Lancafttians in Towton- field, at- 
 tainted by the firft Parliament of King 
 Edward IV. and his Eftate confiscated, 
 and with the reft this Manor carne into 
 the King's Hands, and was by him 
 'granted to John Tiptoft Earl of Worcester, 
 at that Time King Edward's Chamber- 
 Iain, who had married Philippa, that 
 Lord's Sifter, together with the Advow- 
 fon of the Church. 
 
 Arcolty or as we find it in ancient Records, 
 Akhu], an Hamlet belonging to the Lord- 
 fhip of PuJIid in this County, the Eftate 
 W' Edmund Mortimer, the Anccftor of the 
 Enrls of March, who with the other Ba- 
 tons-Marchers, encountring the Army of 
 'Leclitje Prince of Wales, routed the Weljh 
 with great Slaughter, and flew Leoline 
 their -Prince, whofc Head they cut oft, 
 and fcnt it to King Edward I. who or- 
 dered it to be fet on a Pole on London- 
 "Rrlfye, crowned with Ivy. His Lady and 
 'Widow Margaret, among other Eftates, 
 had this Hamlcr, -with the Lord/hip of 
 PuJfid, fettled en her after his Death, 
 
 which happened 34 of Ediv. I. for her 
 better Support and Maintenance, befidcs 
 thofe Lord (hips, whereof flie had been 
 enfeoft jointly with her Husband in his 
 Life-time. 
 
 Eery, as it is .now called from Burgh, a 
 Spot of Ground fcarce a Alilc diftant 
 from Red-cafrle, where 'tis fuppofed a 
 fmall City once ftood, tho' at this Time 
 the very Ruins thereof are almoft im- 
 perceptible ; but the Roman Coins that 
 are often found there, with fuch Bricks 
 as 'tis well known the Romans ufed in 
 Building, are en Evidence of its An- 
 tiquity and Founders. The Inhabitants 
 and Neighbours have a Tradition, that 
 it was a famous City in the Days of King 
 Arthur, to whom the common People 
 are apt to afcribe every Thing that is 
 ancient and ftrange, as believing Britain 
 moft flourifhing in his Time. 
 
 Bradford, now a fmall inconfiderable 
 Village, bur probably the moft confide- 
 rable Place in thofe Northern Parts of 
 the County, becaufe the Name of two 
 Hundreds feem ro be raken from it, viz. 
 this and South Bradford ; and tho' it be 
 funk below its Dignity now, it pleads 
 for fome Regard in this Refpet, that 
 it gives the Titles of a Vifcount and Earl 
 to the Family of Newport, of which Ri- 
 chard Newport is now Earl of Bradford, 
 Vifcount Newport of Bradford, and Baron 
 Neivpfrt of High Erc.tl in this County. 
 This Family rofeto this Honour by their 
 Loyalty and good Services done for King 
 Charles I. for Sir Richard Newport appear- 
 ing in the Beginning of the Troubles in 
 Defence of the Royal Caufe, was re- 
 warded by that King with ihe Tide of a 
 Baron, by the Name of Lord Neivtort of 
 High Enal; but his Majefty's Caufe de- 
 clining, he was forced to fly into France 
 to efcape the Ufurper'o Hands, and died 
 at Moulin s Febr. 1^50. His Son Francis > 
 who inherited his Eftate and Honour, 
 had fignalixed his Loyalty in his Fa- 
 ther's Life-time, by takingnp Arms for 
 the King, and doing many valiant Ats 
 in North Wales for his Majefty's Intereft, 
 till in 1644, he was taken 'Prifoner by 
 $he Parliament Forces. He obtained his 
 
 Liberty /
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 611 
 
 Liberty at length, and lived to the Re- 
 ftoration of King Charles II. who in Con- 
 fidcration of his perfonal Mcrics both 
 in aeiing and differing, madp him 
 Comptroller, and then Treafurcr of the 
 Houfhold, and foon afrer Vifcounr New- 
 port of Bradford ; and fmce by King Wil- 
 liam III. and Queen Mary II. Reg. 6. 
 Earl of Bradford, which Honour Ins Son 
 Richard now inherits,and hath three Sons, 
 H"nry, Richard and Tkomc.i, 
 
 Chefaerdev, or Chefivardyne, a Manor 
 belonging to the Crown, till .King Henry 
 
 II. gave it to Jclw Le Strange, Brother 
 of Ramond Le Strange, the Son of Guy le 
 Strange a younger Son of the Duke of 
 Britain. He held it of the King by the 
 Service of one Knight's Fee and an half, 
 as it was certified upon affeffing an Aid 
 for the Marriage of that King's Daugh- 
 ter. In this Family it continued feveral 
 Succefiions, and another John, 7 Edw. 
 
 III. obtained a Charter of free Warren 
 in all his demefne Lands here ; but Iflue 
 Male in thedireft Line failing upon the 
 Death of another John Le Strange, the 
 laft Heir Male of this Family, Sir John 
 Leybourn was found to be the next Heir, 
 viz- Son of Lucy the Sifter of the laid 
 John, and fo it pa fled into that Family ; 
 but by other collateral Branches of the 
 firft Guy, are defcended the Families of 
 the Le Strange* of ift#i;flg, Avindeleeh, 
 ElUfmere, BLtckrrjrc, Lutkekam, and Hun- 
 ftanton in Norfolk > but from that of Knock- 
 ing (by the Death of John Le Strange t 
 -without I flue Male) his Inheritance de- 
 fcended to Joan his only Daughter and 
 Heir, who marrying to George Stanley, rhe 
 eldeft Son of Thomas Earl of Darby, their 
 Eftate pafled into that Family, who in 
 their Titles retain the Name of Baron 
 Strange of Knocking ; and the eldeft Son 
 in the Father's Life-time, by the Cour- 
 tefy of England, -bears the Name and 
 Title of Lord Strange in Memory of the 
 Family, and Heirefs, by whom they 
 gained fo confiderable an Addition 'to 
 their Eftate. 
 
 Claverly, the Manor and Eftate of the 
 Family of the Ferrers of Okeham in Rut- 
 e, William, Ferrers defceaded of a 
 
 younger Son of William de Ferrers Earl 
 of Darby, dying feized of this Manor, 
 with divers other Eftates, 17 Ediv. III. 
 He lefc it to his Son and Heir William 
 de Ferrers, xvho was found pofleflcdof it at 
 his Death, 44 Edw. III. by which it came 
 to his Son and Heir Henry de Ferrers* 
 This Gentleman had an Augmentation to 
 his Eftate by the Death of William de 
 Vfford Earl of Suffolk, without IfTue, for 
 by his Mother, who was that Earl's Si- 
 fter, he was.found to be one of his next 
 Heirs, 5 Rich. II. He being a Knight 
 Banneret, attended the King in divers 
 Expeditions into France and Scotland^ 
 and died n Rich. !L being then feizcd 
 of this Manor and other large Eftates, 
 which his Son and Heir Henry, inherited ; 
 but Joan his Wife furviving him, ftie 
 held in Dower, among other Eftates, a 
 third Part of this Manor of Claverly, and 
 of the Hundred of Bradford, which upon, 
 her Death returned to her Grandlbn 
 William, his Father Henry being dead 
 before his Mother. This Manor conti- 
 nued in this Family for two or three 
 Succefiions more ; but at length upon the 
 Death of Robert de Ferrers, then of Tam- 
 worth-Caftle, without Iflue Male, his E- 
 ftate was divided between his two Daugh- 
 ters and Heirs, Elizabeth the Wife of 
 John Lord Greyftoke, and Mary the Wife 
 of Ralph Earl of Wejtrnoreland ; but to 
 which it fell upon the Partition, we find 
 not. 
 
 This Village boafts of the Nativity of 
 Sir Robert Broke or Brooke, Lord Chief Ju- 
 ftice of the Common Pleas, in the Reign 
 of Queen Mary I. He was the Son of 
 Tho- Brooke vi this Place, and having laid 
 a Foundation of Literature at OxjW, 
 proceeded to the Study of the Common 
 Laws in the Middle Temple, where he 
 became the compleateft Lawyer of his 
 Age. He was chofen the Summer Rea- 
 der in that Hou.fe in 1542, and Double 
 Reader in Lent 1 5 50, and two Years^f- 
 ter was called by Writ to be Serjeant, at 
 Law, after which he was the next Year 
 made Judge, and about the fame Time 
 admitted to the Degree of Knighthood. 
 He wrote an Abridgment of the Yc
 
 622 
 
 Books to Q^ Mary's Time ; certain new 
 Cafes adjudged in King Hen. VIII. King 
 Edward's and Q^ Mary s Reign, and his 
 Reading upon theStatuteof Limitations. 
 He died in 1558; and in his Will feve- 
 ral Times remembers the Church and 
 Poor of Putney. He obtained a fair E- 
 ftateby his Profefilon and Studies, which 
 he left to his Pcfterity, which ftill re- 
 main in this County, and in one or two 
 Places in Suffolk. 
 
 Dodington, one of thofe many Manors 
 of which Edwin the good Earl of Mercia 
 was pofleffcci in Edward the Confeflbr's 
 Days, according to Dooiefday-Book ; but 
 we can't find to whom it defcended after 
 his Death, it no where appearing that he 
 had any Wife or IlTue. In whofe Pol* 
 ieffion it was for many Years after, we 
 can't difcover, till in the 23d Year of 
 King RiJiard II. it was found to be the 
 Eftate of Richard Talbot, who married 
 Ankaret, the Daughter of John Lejlrange 
 of Blacbmere, and died poflefled of it, the 
 iOth of the fame King, leaving Gilbert 
 Txlbot his Heir ; but this Manor was di- 
 vided for the prefent, and one third Part 
 of it allotted to Anckaret his Mother for 
 her Life, and at her Death came to him. 
 He enjoyed it but a few Years ; for a- 
 bout fix Years after he died, and left 
 it to his only Daughter and Heir Ancba- 
 vet ; bnt this Manor of Dodington was fet- 
 tled by FeofFment for Life, upon his fe- 
 cond Wife Ueatrix, an illegitimate Daugh- 
 ter of the King of Portugal, whom King 
 Henry V. made Denizen, that fhe might 
 enjoy it with other Eftates ; Ancbaret 
 died two Years ?.frer her Father, and 
 her Uncle Sir "foln 7 'allot, the great 
 Hero above-mentioned, was her Heir, 
 a-id after Beatrix's Death, came into 
 Pofleflion of this Manor, and many other 
 great Ettatcs, which he increafed and 
 left to his Pofterity, who from him be- 
 came Earls of &iTf8fMrrv, and flburifticd 
 till the laft Reign, in which the L'ine 
 failed by the Death of the late Duke of 
 3breu'}btiry t who l?ft no Iflue Male. 
 
 Hodnctt a fmall Village, of no Note 
 Vat for the generous Benefactions of Sir 
 Rowland Hi//, a Native here. The firft 
 <jf tbcfc was the Son of RiebarJ ll/II, an 
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Inhabitant here, and being bred a Mer- 
 cer in London, arrived at that Wealth and 
 Dignity, that he was made Lord Mayor 
 of it in the Year 1549. But his Wealth 
 increafed his Goodnefs as well as his Ho- 
 nour ; for being fenfible from whofe 
 Blefling he received his Eftate, he made 
 his Returns by crofting fome lading Mo- 
 numents for God's Glory ; as, i. He built 
 a School at Dray ton above mentioned, for 
 the Education of the Children of the 
 Place in Piety and good Learning, and 
 endowed it with a good Maintenance for 
 a Matter. He alfo gave fix Hundred 
 Pounds to CMjt-Church Hofpital, London, 
 befides divers other Benefa&ions. He 
 alfo at his Death forgave all his Tenants 
 in his Manors of Alderfey and Sponely in 
 this County, a Year's Rent ; and fur- 
 ther enjoined his Heirs to make them 
 Leafes for twenty-one Years, for two 
 Years Rent. Moreover for the publick 
 Benefit he caufed feveral Caufways to 
 be made, and Bridges to be built (two 
 of them of Stone, containing both of 
 them eighteen Arches) in the publick 
 Roads for the fafe PaiTage of Travellers 
 and Carriages, which was in his Time 
 accounted a great Piece of Charity, 
 and might be beneficial in thefe Times, 
 if Pofterity had kept them up. 
 
 Hopton, the Manor of Roger Lord 
 Mortimer of Wigmore, who in the 1 4th 
 Year of King Edward, Ift's Reign, ob- 
 tained a Charter for free Warren in all 
 his demefne Lands here. 
 
 Horton, the Eftate of Thomas Corbet, 
 one of the Barons- Marchers, which up- 
 on an Inquifition taken about the Bounds 
 of the Forelt, was found to be out of 
 them. 
 
 Pre*s,a. Villagefarnousonly forits Vicar 
 Dr. jfames Fleettvood,vfho was, before the 
 Wars with the Parliament, Prebendary 
 of Ecchshall, in the -.Cathedral of Lich- 
 feld, Reaor of Button Coldjield in War- 
 tvickjbire, and Vicar here. He was 
 Chaplain to Dr. Wright, the firft fuffer- 
 ing Bifliop of that See, by whom he 
 had his Prebend and this Vicarage gi- 
 ven him. He was a very early Suf- 
 ferer, for being forced out of his Vica- 
 rage, he fled to the Army, in which
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 being made Chaplain to the Earl of Ri- 
 vers Regiment, he continued in that 
 Quality to the End of the War. He 
 did good Service at the Battle of Edg- 
 lill, and was on that Account made Dr. 
 of Divinity, when the King held Oxford, 
 and Chaplain to Prince Charles. Upon 
 the Reftoration he was the firft Perfon 
 that was fworn a Chaplain in Ordinary 
 to his Majefty, and was foon after con- 
 ftituted Provoft of King's College in 
 Cambridge, where he was twice Vice- 
 chancellor, haying at the fame Time 
 the Reftories of Anftty in Hertfordshire, 
 and Denham in Bucklnghamfiire. He was 
 confecrated Bifhop of Worcefter in the 
 Year 1675, and died in 1683, ttat. 81. 
 His Loyalty was the more acceptable, 
 becaufe feveral of his Family were en- 
 gaged on the Rebel Side, and one of 
 them was one of the King's Judges, for 
 which Crime his Eftate was forfeited at 
 the Reftoration. 
 
 Red-Caflle, called by the Normans Caftle- 
 Rons, becaufe it ftands upon a Rock or 
 woody Hill of reddifh Stone, called 
 Rad-diff. It was anciently the Seat and 
 Eftate of the Family of La Pole, of which 
 Griffin ap Owen, or de la Pole being the 
 laft Heir Male, it paffed (being then 
 called the Caftle of Pole) with Hawife 
 the Sifter and Heir of the faid Griffin, 
 to John de Cherlton, to whom King Ed- 
 ward IT. gave the faid Hawife in Mar- 
 riage. It was then a large Barony, to 
 which nine Towns in the Marches be- 
 longed. The Family of Cherlton held ir, 
 till in the Reign of King Edward IV. 
 the Alale Iflue failing in Edward de 
 Cherltifn, Lord Fowls his two Daughters 
 became his Heirs, and Joyce the young- 
 eft marrying Sir John Tiftoft, carried the 
 Lordfhip of Pawls into his Family, who 
 from thence were lummoned to Parlia- 
 ment under the Title of Lords Poivls. 
 The Caftle was afterwards called Red- 
 eaj&e, and became the Seat of the Aud- 
 leys, being given them by the Bounty of 
 Maud Le Strange, or the Stranger. About 
 Xlr. Cambden'z Time, there were fome 
 considerable Ruins of this Caftle ; but 
 at prefent there are only fomc fmaii 
 
 Tokens of it remaining. Who was the 
 Founder of this Caftle, we have no Dif- 
 coveries of. 
 
 Sandford, a Village not far from Drai- 
 to, famous only for being the Habita- 
 tion of the Family of Sandfcrds, of which 
 Nicholas de Sandford, Efq; was High She- 
 riff of this County, t> Rich. II. from 
 which Time they continued in this Place 
 till the Reign of King Charles I. when 
 we obferve, that Francis Sandford of Sand- 
 ford, Efq; compounded for his reputed 
 Delinquency in the late Civil Wars, and 
 paid four Hundred fifty and nine Pound* 
 for his Compofition. He was one of the 
 Parents of Francis Sandford, a Perfon of 
 wonderful Improvements. He was at 
 the Reftoration of King Charles II. crea- 
 ted by Letters Patents Purfivantat Arms, 
 by the Name and Title of Rouge-Dragon, 
 and afterwards Lancajler Herald of Arms, 
 which Office he held till the Year 1689, 
 and then furrendred it up, being aged, 
 but alive in lopz. He hath written fe- 
 veral Things fuitable to his Profeffion, 
 as the Genealogy of the Kings of Por- 
 tugal ; the Order and Ceremonies ufcd 
 at the Duke of Albemarle George Monli& 
 Funeral ; the Genealogical Hiftory of 
 the King's of England, &>c. and the Hi- 
 ftory of the Coronation of King James 
 II. and Queen Mary. 
 
 Shentcn, or Shavlngton, a Village ftand- 
 ing upon the Northern Border of the 
 County, a Seat of the Needhams, a Fa- 
 mily of Note, and of late famous for 
 Sir Robert Needham, Knt. who had a con- 
 fiderable Command during the Wars 
 with Ireland, under Queen Elizabeth. He 
 was afterwards Vice-Prefident of the 
 Council in the Marches of Wales 9 and 
 creared by King Charles I. Vifcount Kil- 
 morey. To him fucceeded Thomas his Son, 
 who built a noble Houle in this Place, 
 and added a Park to it. He is fucceeded 
 in his Honour by Robert Vifcount Kil~ 
 tncrey his Son. 
 
 Sponeley, the Manor of Bartholomew- Ix? 
 Hadlefmere, who obtained a Grant for ft 
 Market weekly, .at Aadgrley y jn^on Thurfday, 
 and a Fair yearly, upon the Eve, Day and 
 Morrow of S S* 'Peter and Paul,
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 and a Liberty of free Warren in Aderley 
 and Sponely, with divers other Lordlhips. 
 His Family held them feveral Succef- 
 fions; but at length this Manor cum 
 Adderley pafled to the Family of the Lords 
 Ros of Hemlake, of whom was Thomas 
 Lord Ros, who being a firm Adherent to 
 the Lancastrian Race of Kings, was de- 
 prived of this Eftate and diverfe other 
 Manors, by King Edward IV. when he 
 obtained the Throne ; but having mar- 
 ried PlilippA, the Sifter of John Earl of 
 Worcejler, who was at that Time Steward 
 of the King's Houfhold, he obtained a 
 Grant of that King of this Manor of Sponely 
 turn Adderky, and fome other Manors, for 
 the Subfiftence of her fclf and Children. 
 
 Stoke upon Team, fo called, bccaufe it 
 ftands upon the River Team, was an- 
 ciently the Manor and Eftate of the 
 Family of Verdon, in which it continued 
 till the Reign of King Edward II. when 
 Ifiue Male failing in Theobald de Verdon, 
 his four Daughters were Heirs, and of 
 them Elizabeth the fecond had this Ma- 
 nor for her Purparty ; in the Divifion 
 ihe married Bartholomew de Bergherfi, by 
 .whom fhe had only one Daughter, na- 
 med Ifabel, who carried it by Alarriage 
 of Henry Lord Ferrers of Groby^ into his 
 Family. He died pofleflcd of it 17 Edw. 
 III. and left it, with other Eftates in this 
 County and others, to his Son William, 
 as healfo did to his Son Henry, who dy- 
 ing II Rich. II. his Widow furviving, 
 the had the third Part of this Manor in 
 Dower, and dying 1 8 Rich. II. left it to 
 her Son and Heir William Ferrers. He was 
 not married, and fo his Heir was Eliza- 
 beth the Wife of Edward Grty, Knt. his 
 Coufin, and next Heir ; but the entailed 
 Land of his Eftate Went to Thomas Fer- 
 rers his Brother, who marrying the El- 
 dcft of the three Heirs of Baldwin Frevil 
 of Tamworth-Cajlle, Knt. had by her 
 the Caftle of Tamworth, and fo his -De- 
 fcen dents became the Ferrers of Tamworth- 
 Cajlle, now or late in Being. 
 
 Wytheford, the Manor nd Eftate of 
 Alan de Cherlton, 1 1 Edw. II. Who was 
 made by that Prince Governor of Mont 
 gomery Caftle. He in i Edw. IN. obtained 
 a Licenfe to make a Caftle of his Ma- 
 
 nor-houfe here. He married one of the 
 Daughters and Heirs of Alan de Zotich, 
 from whom the Cherltansof Appeley in this 
 County are defcended. 
 
 III. The Hundred of P i M H i L t, or 
 
 ELLESMERE. 
 
 This Hundred of Pimbitt lies collateral 
 with North Bradford, which bounds it on 
 the Eaft, as doth' the Hundred of 
 Shrewsbury, on the South, the Hundred 
 of Ofwejlry on the Weft ; and Part of ; 
 Flintshire in Wales, on the North. This 
 Hundred was anciently called the Hun- 
 dred of Elefmere, from the chief Town 
 of it, as we conceive, from an ancient 
 Charter for free Warren granted to Sir 
 J-obn Leybourne, 7 Edw. III. wherein Mar- 
 ton in the Hundred of Ellefmere is one of 
 the Manors, for which he procured it. 
 How, or when the Name of Pimhill was 
 given, we can't conje&ure ; for there is 
 no fuch Town, fo far as we can find, in 
 this Hundred, from which it can be de- 
 nominated, as is ufual in other Hun- 
 dreds both of this and other Counties. 
 The Fee of this Hundred we fuppofe to 
 be in the Crown, and under the Govern- 
 ment of the Sheriff, becaufe we find no 
 private Perfon entitled to it. There is 
 but one Market-Town in this Hundred, 
 which is 
 
 ELLESMER.E, whofe Market is on 
 Tuesday weekly, and Fairs on the Tuef- 
 day in Whitfun-\\ r cek, and on the Af- 
 fumption of the Virgin Mary 1 5 Aug, 
 The whole Traft of Land, which is 
 rich and fertile Ground, was, according 
 to the Chefter Chronicle, together with 
 the fmall Caftle, fettled by King John 
 upon Leivellln Prince of North- Wales, 
 when he made up the Match between 
 that Prince and his Natural Daughter 
 Joan, which he had by Agatha, the 
 Daughter of Robert Ferrers, Earl of Dar- 
 by. Being thus placed in the Marches of 
 South-Wales, fhe had an Opportunity of 
 feeing and obferving the treafonable 
 Motions and Confpiracies, which the 
 Englijb and WelJIj were carrying on a- 
 gainlt her Father, which flic carefully 
 gave him fecret Intelligence of, like a 
 
 dutiful
 
 S HR.OT S H I R-E. 
 
 625 
 
 dutiful Child, and much prevented their 
 ill Effe&s. How this Caftle and Manor 
 was alienated frorti Lewellin, we can't 
 difcover ; but it is certain he held them 
 not long, for the Cuftody of the Caftle 
 was, 59 Hen* III. in the Hands of J-ohn 
 Le Strange of Knocking and was continued 
 to his Succeflbrs, as long as the Heirs 
 Male of the Knockin Family lafted ; but 
 it feems that afterward the. Manor 
 of this Place was in the Crown ; for 
 Hamond le Strange, a collateral Branch 
 of the fame Family, continuing fteddily 
 loyal, when Montfort Earl of Leicefter y 
 with many other Barons, revolted from 
 King Henry III. Reg. 51. the King, to re- 
 ward his Fidelity, gave him this Manor 
 of Ellefmere and Stretton y until he could 
 otherwife beftow on him ellewherc Lands 
 of an hundred Pounds a Year. It is pro- 
 bable that was done, and the Caftle and 
 Manor of this Place returned to the 
 Crown ; for it appears that Oliver de Ing- 
 Jjam, who was a Perfon of great Ac- 
 tion in his Time, and well deferved of 
 the King for many fpecial Services, was 
 made Governor of the Caftle here by 
 King Edward II. Reg. 14. We obferve 
 nothing more of this Place, till we find 
 Thomas Egerton, the great Lawyer, crea- 
 ted Baron Ellefmere. He was the natu- 
 ral Son of Sir Richard Egerton of Ridley 
 in Chejbtre t Knight, and having ftudied 
 the Law in Lincoln's Inn t became fo fa- 
 mous for his Knowledge therein, that 
 Queen Elizabeth, Reg. 23. made him her 
 Solicicor General, and afrerward Reg. 
 34. raifed him to be her Attorney Ge- 
 neral, from which Advancements he was 
 foon after for his Merits promoted by 
 the faid Queen to the Mafterihip of the 
 Rolls, and the great Office of rhe Keeper 
 of the r jreat Seal, which he held to that . 
 Queen's Death. King James I. found ' 
 him in that Office, and was fo highly 
 pleafed with his venerable Gravity (for 
 he was hardly ever feen fo much as to 
 Imile) and wife Management of .his 
 Place, that in the firft Year of his Reign, 
 he raifed him to the Degree of a Baron 
 of this Realm, by the Title of Lord 
 Ellefmere, and then or foon after made 
 him Lord High Chancellor of England ; 
 
 and 14 Years after he was further dig- 
 nified with the Honour of Vifcounc 
 Brackley, which he had enjoyed but two 
 Years, and then died at York-houfe in the 
 Strand, Anno 1617, 15 jFac.I. ttat. 70. 
 His Pofterity now arc Earls of Erldg- 
 water, and have a Seat at this Place as 
 Head of the Barony. The Villages of 
 Note in this Hundred are 
 
 Albrighton, the Manor of which was ift 
 the Reign of King Edward I. the Eftate 
 and Seat of Sir Ralph de Pichford, Knt. 
 but hath long been in a Branch of the 
 Family of the Talboto, defcended from 
 the Earls of Shrewsbury. Of this Family 
 was Sir John Talbot, who was High She- 
 riff of this County in the nineteenth Year 
 of King Henry VIII. 
 
 Forton, or Forten, a Member of the Ba- 
 rony of Cauiy which Peter de Corbet held 
 of King Edward II. Reg. i 5. by the Ser- 
 vice of five Knights Fees. His Wife 
 Beatrix was enfeoffed jointly with him in 
 this Barony, and the Manors thereunto 
 belonging, that they might defcend to 
 the Heirs. of their two Bodies, and for 
 wantoffuch Iflue to her right Heirs; 
 but they leaving three Daughters Co- 
 heirs, the Barony of C#J> with all its 
 Appertinances, of which this Manor was 
 a Part, pafled by Agreement to the el- 
 deft Daughter Alice, who was married to 
 Ralph Lord Staff ard t and fo brought it in- 
 to that Family. 
 
 Hordley, the Seat of the Kinaftons, of 
 which Family Roger Kinaflon, Efq; was 
 High Sheriff of this County the 2<J, $d. 
 loch and nth Years of King Edward 
 IVth's Reign. They were much enrich- 
 ed by matching into the Family of 
 Hords. Their Arms are, Argent a Lion 
 Rampant Sable. 
 
 Klnton, or Knlton, the Manor and E- 
 ftate of Edmund Lord Mcrtlmer, who di- 
 ed poflbflcd of it, ^) Edward I. and 
 leaving his Widow Margaret alive, fhe 
 was allotted, for her better Support, this 
 Manor, and fome others in this County 
 and others, notwithftanding the feveral 
 Lands and Eftates wherewith flic ftood 
 enfeoffed together with him, to bs en- 
 joyed by her for her Life. 
 
 Kkkk
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Lythe, or Lythem, the : Lordmip of 
 Edward Lord Cherlton, who departing 
 this Life, 9 Hen- V. left it, with divers 
 others Eftates, to his two Daughters 
 Joan and Joyce, the one married to Sir 
 
 ?ohn Grey, Knt. and the other to Sir 
 ohn Tiptaft, Knt. but to which of them 
 upon the Divi/ion this Manor came, we 
 have not yet difcovered. 
 
 Neffe, a fmall Village, over which 
 there hangeth a craggy Rock, in which 
 there is a Cave or fome Note. This 
 Place, together with Chefwerden, King 
 Henry II. gave to John Le Strange, from 
 whom are defcended the Families of the 
 Le Stranges, mentioned in Chefwerden* 
 Afterwards this Manor of Neffe belonged 
 to John Fit z-alan of Clun, who departing 
 this Life, 24 Hen. III. Hawife his Relift 
 and Daughter of Blanch- Minfler, 
 
 had this Manor afligned for Part of her 
 Dowry, by Join L'Ejlrange Sheriff of 
 Shropshire. 
 
 Ploy den, Plowden, or Plovifdone, a Vil- 
 lage, the Manor of which, before the 
 Conqueft, was Part of the great Eftate 
 of Edwin Earl of jMercia, as appears 
 from Domefday-Book ; but in thefe later 
 Ages hath been famous for nothing, but 
 being the Birth-place of that eminent 
 Lawyer Edmttnd floivden, one who excel- 
 lently deferved of our Common Law 
 by his learned Writings thereon. Mr. 
 Cambden, in his Life of Queen Elizabeth, 
 gives this Chara&cr of him, That he 
 was Second to none of the Men of his 
 Profeflion in Honefty and Integrity of 
 Life. He was Treafurer for the Society 
 of the Middle Temple in T 5 7 z, when their 
 magnificent Hall was built, and was a 
 great Advancer of it himfelf. He lies 
 buried on the North-fide of the Eaft 
 End of the Quire of the Temple-Church 
 in London, under a Stone with an In- 
 fcription, declaring his Birth-place to be 
 here ; bis Studies in the Law, and his 
 Age to be 67 Years when he died, 6 Feb. 
 Anno 1 584. From this eminent Perfon 
 is derived a Proverb ufed in this Coun- 
 ty, and fpread into others. The Cafe 
 it alter A, quoth Plowden, which fome 
 jrjund of his altering his Judgment, 
 
 upon the Emergency of new Matter^ 
 and different Circumftances ; but others 
 thus : That being trapanned to hear 
 Mafs, he found that the Pretender to 
 officiate was no Prieft, but a meer Lay- 
 man, whereupon he flew back and would 
 not hear it, faing, The Cafe is altered. 
 No Prieft no Mafs; which is the moft 
 probable Origination of it.- 
 
 Shrawardine, or Skraivwden, or Shfct- 
 <warthin, or Schraivurthin, or Sveuardin^ 
 by all which Names this Place is written- 
 in our Hiftories and Records. It was 
 the Manor of John Fitz-alan 6f Clan, 
 who dying, 24 Hen. III. his Wife Ha-wife 
 was allotted her Dowry our of hisLands> 
 (as is abovefaid in Nejfi} but this Manor, 
 Clun and Blanck-minfter were referved for 
 the Heir John his Son, then under Age; 
 and John L'Ejtrange, the High Sheriff of 
 Shropjhire, was by the King appointed to 
 be Keeper of the Cafties there, having 
 an Allowance given him of 300 Marks 
 per Ann. for guarding them; This John . 
 was the Son of Ifabel, the fecond Daugh- 
 ter of William de Albini Earl of Arundel, . 
 and Sifter and Coheir of Hugh her Bro- 
 ther ; and upon the Partition of the Lands, 
 of the faid Hugh, the Cattle ofAvundel was 
 t afligned to him, and fo he became Earl of. 
 Arundel. Being come to Age, he was ad-> 
 mitted to, and had Livery of this Ma- 
 nor, and his other Eliace, upon the 
 Payment of a thoufand Pounds Fine, 
 28 Hen. III. his Mother-in-Law< Hasvife 
 being dead ; and afterward in the 38rh 
 Year of the fame King, he obtained a 
 Charter of free Warren in all his de- 
 mefne Lands, of this Manor and feveral 
 others in this Counry. This Manor 
 continued long in this Family; for Tho- 
 mas Fitz-alan Earl of Arundel, died pof- 
 fefled of it, 3 Hen. V. 1315. and John 
 Fitz-alan, 13 Hen. VI. who left it to his 
 Pofterity, which continded to the Reign 
 of Queen Elizabeth, Reg, 22. when Hen-- 
 ry, the laft of them, died, and was buri- 
 ed at Arundel in the Quire of th& Col- 
 legiate Church among his Anceftors. 
 
 This Manor, in the fame Reign, was 
 alienated from the Arundel Family, and 
 came into the PofTcflion of Sir Tbomat
 
 S H R O <P 
 
 Sromefyt wno being a very learned 
 Lawyer, was by Queen JEHzabeth made 
 firft her Solicitor General ; and upon 
 the Demile of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord 
 High Chancellor of England, in which 
 high Station he fo demeaned himfelf, 
 that Bacon, tho' thought incomparable, 
 was not miffed, while Bromley fat in his 
 Place. He happened to fit Judge upon 
 the Queen of Scots Trial ; and after he 
 had anfwered her Proteftation, that me 
 was not fubje& to the Englifi Laws, thus : 
 That all Perfons whatfoever that oifend 
 againft the Englijh Laws in England, are 
 fubjeft to them, and may be tried by 
 them, and heard her Defence, he faid, 
 That his Sentence againft her had three 
 Things in it, Juftice, Security and Ne- 
 ceflity ; but added withal, That it fliould 
 no ways prejudice King James her Son's 
 Title or Honour. 
 
 Sir Clement Edmonds's Nativity in this 
 Parifh, is enough alone to make it fa- 
 mous, for he was a moft learned Man, 
 generally skilled in all Arts and Sciences, 
 and eminent as well for military as poli- 
 tick Affairs, and therefore efteemed by 
 all an Ornament to all the Places he of- 
 ficiated in, which were many, for he 
 was made fucceflively (by his Father's 
 Intereft at firft, for he was Comptroller 
 of the King's Houfhold) Secretary for 
 the French Tongue to Queen Elizabeth. 
 about 1601; Remembrancer of the City 
 of London, Mafter of Requefts, Mufter- 
 mafter at the Brill in Zealand, one of 
 the Clerks of the Council, and a Knight. 
 He wrote a Comment upon Csfar's Com- 
 mentaries, Land. 1600. He died in St. 
 Martin s in the Fields near London, i ^ 0:t. 
 \6iz, and was buried in the little Cha- 
 pel belonging to his Manor qf Prejton 
 near Northampton, under a comely Mo- 
 nument, with a Latin and Englijh Epi- 
 taph, fett ing forth his Learning, Induftry 
 and Piety. His Brother Thomas (bear- 
 ing the Chriftian Name of his Father 
 Sir Thomas Edmonds") was Treafurer of 
 the Houfhold in 1617, and fent by his 
 Majefty King 'James I. Embaffador to 
 Brujfelsj and elfewhere. 
 Stan-warding) a Village of fome Tote 
 
 SHIRE. 627 
 
 for the Birth of Sir Roger Acheky, the 
 
 Son of Thomas Acheley, of this Town. He 
 
 was bred a Draper in the City of London t 
 
 and God fo profpered him in his Bufi- 
 
 nefs, that he was chofen Lord Mayor for 
 
 1511, in which Office he looked upon 
 
 himfelf not only the chief Magiftrate, 
 
 but Provider; for Corn happening at that 
 
 Time to be both fcarce and dear, fo that 
 
 the Poor wanted the common Nccefla- 
 
 ries of Life; he like a fecond Jofepb 
 
 bought up great Quantities of Corn, 
 
 which he repofited in Leaden-Hall( which 
 
 was from thence called for a while the 
 
 common Granary of Condon} and fold it 
 
 to the Rich and Poor at fuch moderate 
 
 and proportionable Rates, that he was 
 
 highly commended by the Rich, and 
 
 obtained a Bleffing from the Poor 
 
 for it. 
 
 Tetjlwll, or Tajbqjet the Eftate of Sir 
 Hugh Burnell, who died feized of it, 27 
 Nov. 8 Hen. V. with many other Lord- 
 fhips in this and other Counties, but 
 moft in this and the Marches of Wales* 
 There are many other Villages in this 
 Hundred, which we are forced to paft 
 over un mentioned for want of proper 
 Information, and therefore fhall con- 
 clude thefe Northern Parts of the Coun- 
 ty with what we have obferved in 
 
 IV. The Hundred ofOswEsmr. 
 
 This Hundred of Ofweftry lies on the 
 Weftern Side of the County North, and 
 is encompafled on the Eaft with the 
 Hundred of Pimhill ; on the South, with 
 the Severn River, which parts it from 
 the Hundred of Ford ; on (he Weft, with 
 Part. of Denbigh and Montgomery Shires in. 
 Wales ; and on the North with the for- 
 mer Shire. The Fee of this Hundred 
 was anciently in the Fttz-alans, Earls of 
 Arundel, but now is in the Crown, and 
 the Government of it is under the She- 
 riff and his Officers. The Name of it is 
 taken from the chief Town of it, viz- 
 
 O s w E s T R Y , or Ofivaldejlre, in Welch 
 Croix Ofiualde, a fmall Market-Town, 
 inclofed with a Wall and Ditch, and 
 fortified by a little Caftle. The Market 
 JCkkk 2 is
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 is on Monday weekly, and on it is a 
 great Traffick for Weljh Cottons, efpe- 
 cially thofe that are or a fine Thin, or 
 if you will, flight Texture, of which 
 .great Quantities are here fold every 
 Market-Day, to be carried into the fur- 
 ther Parts of the Nation ; and the Fair 
 on the Fealt of S S. Philip and Jacob, 
 I May. It takes this Name from Of- 
 *wald King of the Northumbrians, (for 
 before it was called Maferfield} whom 
 fcnda. the Pagan Prince of the Mercians, 
 (after he had (lain him in an hot En- 
 gagement) tore Limb from Limb with 
 inhuman Barbarity,; but his Death was 
 foon after revenged upon Penda, by his 
 Brother and Succeflbr Ofay, who with 
 a far lefs Army flew him, and difcomfit- 
 ed his great Hoft, as a Poet of our own 
 has elegantly exprefled it. After this 
 Battle, the Town was built (as is fup- 
 pofed) out of a fuperftitious Conceit of 
 a peculiar Holinefs in the Place, from 
 the Blood of the holy Man OfwaU, 
 (whom the Chriftians of that Age ad- 
 mired living, and reverenced dead) 
 which Opinion was much confirmed, as 
 Brde tells us, by many famous Miracles, 
 which were wrought in the Place where 
 he was killed. Caradocus Lancabernenjis 
 allures us, that it was built by Ma-doc the 
 Brother of Mereduc, of whom we have no 
 further Account. 
 
 After the Conqueft, Alan the Son of 
 Ylatbald, or Flauld, obtained by the Gift 
 cf the Ccnqueror the Town and -Cattle 
 of Qfaoaldjter, with the Territories ad- 
 joining, which belonged to Meredyth ap 
 Blethyn, the Britain- William Fitz-alan 
 was nis Heir and Succeflbr in this Ma- 
 nor, and his other Eftate; and in 33 
 Hen. II, 1188, gave a large Entertain- 
 ment in this his Cattle of Oftvaldejler to 
 Balouin, Archbifliop of Canterbury, in his 
 Journey into Wales. He was High She- 
 riff of Shropshire from 2 Rich. I. to the 
 3d of John. He. died 16 John, and was 
 fuccecded 'in his Eflate by his Son Wil- 
 liam, a Minor, for whom John de Mare- 
 fsall was appointed Governor of this' 
 Cattle of Oftveftre', but he dying foon af- 
 ter, was fucceeded by his Father's Bro- 
 ther John, lie obtained a Charter i z 
 
 Hen. III. for a Fair to be kept yearly o 
 this his Mano* on the Eve, Day and 
 Morrow of St. Andrew, and two Days 
 after. He died 24 Hen. III. and left his 
 Eftate to his Son John, who as Heir to 
 Hugh de Alb'm'i Earl of Arundel, was up- 
 on the Death of that Earl affigned for 
 his Purparty the Cattle of Arundel. He 
 upon paying a Fineof a thoufand Pounds, 
 was admitted to the Pofleflion of his 
 Cattle here, 38 Hen. Ill and died the 
 54th of the fame King, leaving Richard 
 Fttz-alan his Heir, then 5 Years old, 
 whereupon the Cuftody of this Cattle 
 was committed to John de Oxenden, and 
 after to Bogo, or Bevls de Knovlll ', and the 
 Wardmip of his Perfon to Roger de Mor- 
 timer ; but his Mother Ifabel obtained 
 both, 8 Edw. I. yer with fome Oppo* 
 fition from Edmund de Mortimer, whoj 
 two Years after, procured a Grant of 
 the fame King for them, and - held 
 them till Richard was out of Ward. He 
 had the Title of Earl of Arundel with- 
 out Creation, becaufe as the Aft of Par- 
 liament, ii Hen. VI. declareth, All that- 
 had been poflefled of the Cattle and 
 Honour of Arundel, were Earls thereof^ 
 without any other Creation. This Ma- 
 nor and Cattle continued long in the E*- 
 alans ', but at length in the Reign of 
 Queen Elizabeth it became extint. Some 
 of this Family walled it about. 
 
 Mr. Cttmbden tells us, That it is very 
 obfervable, that the Eclipfes of the 
 Sun in Aries have been very fatal to 
 this Town ; for in the Years i 542 and 
 1567, when the Sun was eclipfed in 
 that Planet, it futfered very much by 
 Fire, viz.. the firft two long Streets, 
 with great Riches, were wholly con- 
 fumed ; and by the later, two hundred 
 Houfes, viz* feven Score within the 
 Walls, and thrcefcore without in the 
 Suburbs, befides much Corn, Cloath, 
 Cattle, &*<:. and all deftroyed in the 
 Space of two Hours, to the great Ad- 
 miration of all People. 
 
 The Church here is a very fair Build- 
 ing, covered with Lead, and dedicated 
 to St. Ofwald, but it ftands without the 
 New Gate, fo that there is no Church 
 within the Town, It was anciently a 
 
 Church
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 619 
 
 Church to the Monaftery, called Blanch- Eftate pafled with his fole Daughter and 
 tninjter, or the White Mlnfter, and was Heir Joan, by Marriage, to George Stan- 
 upon the Diflblution of the Monaftery ley, Son and Heir apparent to Thomas 
 turned into a Parifh. Church. Mr. Stanley, the firft Earl of Darby. Thus 
 
 the Knockin Family ended; but divers 
 collateral Branches fprang up and fettled 
 in other Places in this and other Coun- 
 as at Alvetheley, Eilefmere, Black- 
 Lutheham, and Hun ft ant on in Nor- 
 
 ties 
 
 folk ; yet is the Title of the Strange, of 
 
 Wynnty Uncle of the late Bifhop of He- 
 reford, was Vicar of this Parifh in the 
 late Times, and was fequeftred from it. 
 He lived to be reftored, but his Church 
 was burnt down by the Rebels. 
 
 John Swlnnerton, the Son of Thomas 
 
 Swinnerton of this Place, being bred up 'Knockin kept up in the Darby Family, the 
 a Merchant Taylor in London, was fo eldeft Son being called Lord Strange. Of 
 fuccefsful a Trader, that he was Lord this Family in the laft Century, Hamon 
 Mayor of that City in 1612. L'EJtrange, and Sir Roger L'EJtrange, were 
 
 Hilton, or Halgton, the Manor of Alan accounted Men of Wit, and much en- 
 de Cherlton, a younger Branch of the gaged in the political Controverfies of 
 Family of Cherltons, Lords Pawis, which their Times. 
 
 Alan, i 1 Edw. II. had a Charter of free Llamanah or Llanamonach, a Village 
 Warren granted him in all his demefne of this County bordering upon Montgo- 
 Lands in this his -Manor of Halgton, and meryjhire in Wales, famous only for the Mi- 
 fome others in this County. nifter of it, Mr. Matthew Griffith, Canon 
 
 Knockin and Cnnkin, the Lbrdfhip of of Afaph, He was eje&edby the Parlia- 
 the Family of the L'EJtranges, or Ex- ment Committee from all his Prefcr- 
 tranei, who built the Town, and fixed ments, but by his Writings did his Ma- 
 their Seat there, taking from it the jefty and the Church good Service in 
 Name of the L'EJtrange of Knocking, thcfe Parts all the Time of the Ufurpa- 
 Guy le Strange was the Founder of this tion, difputing with Diflenters, and 
 Family, which hath fiourifhed ever keeping up the Offices and Difcipline of 
 fince King Henry lid's Reign, and fpread rhe Church. He lived to the Reftora- 
 into divers Counties; being many of tion; and in Confederation of his Merit, 
 them eminent in their Generations ; for W as by King Charles II. made Bifhop of 
 Guido Extraneus, or L'EJlrange, was High $t. Afaph in i6<Jo, and held the Arch- 
 Sheriff fourteen Years together, in the deaconry of St. Afaph, In Ccmmendam 
 Reign of K. Henry II. and John Extraneus with it. In the Convocation in i66z, 
 was High Sheriff in the fecond of K. Ed- he concurred effectually with the reft of 
 ivardll. and another John Extranetts of the Clergy in drawing up the Aft ofU- 
 Erkeliiv, was Knight of the Shire the ift niformity, and making certain Altera- 
 and zd of the fame King. Guy Le Strange 
 Lord of Knockin, was fucceeded by Ralph 
 his Son, who leaving nolflue, this Manor 
 pafled to John L'EJlrange, his Father's 
 vounger Brother, who obtained the King's 
 Precept to the High Sheriff of Shropshire, 
 for Aid to rebuild Part of his Caftle of 
 Knocking, 5 Hen. III. which had been 
 ruined by the Civil Wars in the pre- 
 ceding Reign of King John ; and repair 
 all the reft. This John was one of the 
 Barons-Marchers. His Pofterity, Lords 
 of Knocking, enjoyed the Caftle and Ma- 
 nor of this Place, to the Reign of King 
 Edward IV. when John L'EArange Lord 
 
 tions in the Common Prayer then fet 
 out ; and 'tis thought the Office of bap- 
 tizing them of riper Years was of his 
 compofing. He died 28 of Nov. 1666. 
 and was buried in the Quire of the 
 Cathedral Church of St. Afaph, and o- 
 ver his Grave was an liandlbme Monu- 
 ment foon after placed, &>c. 
 
 Porkington, a Village famous only for 
 Birth of Meredith Hanmer, Son of Tho- 
 mas Hanmer, commonly called Ginta 
 
 Hanmer, an Inhabitant there. He was 
 descended of the Hanmers of Flintshire; 
 and having had his Education in Corptts 
 Chrijtl College, Oxford, became at length 
 
 ij* tV *+ 1 4* A.T* YT 1 II, iJ. / VfJi* JLJ '7*- ' */*<& M~\J* \** \SfJf */** V/t/* CfC V** IVf **J L/V- V. *V1A* V ** fc A^^C^tlA 
 
 of Knocking, leaving no Male Iflue, his Vicar of Sf, Letnard's Sboreditfb, London.
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 charges him with pulling the 
 Brafc from divers ancient Monuments in 
 that Church, and felling them for his 
 own Advantage. A great Fault, if the 
 Charge be not falfe ; however he did 
 not ftay long in the Parifli after ; but 
 having taken his Dotor's Degree, went 
 into Ireland, and was there made Trea- 
 furer of the Church of the l^oly Trinity, 
 now called Chrijl-Church in Dublin, which 
 he kept to his dying Day. He was e- 
 fteemed an exaft Difputant, a good 
 Preacher, a learned Grecian, and ex- 
 ceHent for Ecclefia'ftical and -Civil Hi- 
 ftory. Some Writings pafled between 
 him and Father Campion the Jefuir, in 
 which he fliews the original Progrefs, 
 Hypocrify, Superftition, Do&rines and 
 Portions of tfiat Order. He alfo wrote 
 a Chronicle of Ireland, an Ephemeris of 
 the Irijb Saints, and fome other Things. 
 He died fuddenly of the Plague in Dub- 
 lin in 1604, and was buried in the Church 
 of the Holy Trinity there. 
 Sutton, Sughten, or Sudton, one of thofe 
 many Manors, of which Morliar Earl of 
 Northumberland died poflefled in King 
 ~Edward the Confeffor's Time, but he 
 leaving no Iflfue, we can t difcover to 
 whom it pafled, till the Conqueft, when 
 we fuppofe it was given to Roger de 
 Montgomery, and was inherited by his Po- 
 fterity, with the ochcr Manors of this 
 County, which were many. 
 
 Whittington was the Eftate of William 
 de PevereJI, and delcended from htm to 
 Pain Peverell, whofe Son William having 
 only two Daughters, and being a vali- 
 ant Knight himfelf, refolved to rnarry 
 his eldeft Daughter Mellet, to none but 
 a Knight of great Prowefs ; and to that 
 End appointed, that fome noble young 
 Men ftiould meet at Pe-uerels Place in 
 the Peke of Darby, and he that performed 
 beft ftiould have his Daughter Mellet, 
 with the Caftle of Whitington. When 
 Guarine de Meez, a Branch of the Houfe 
 of Loraine, Sherift of this Shire, and one 
 -of the chief Counfellors of Roger de Mont- 
 gomery Earl of Shrewsbury, heard it, he 
 went thither ; and fighting with a Son of 
 the King of Scotland) and a Baron of 
 
 Burgoing, vanquished them both, having 
 a filver Shield and a Peacock for the 
 Creft. Whereupon MeUet was given 
 him by her Father to Wife, and he 
 feated himfelf at Whitington. Refiding 
 here, he ofcen made War upon the Welfo, 
 who under their Prince jtorevard, did fre- 
 quently make Inroads into his Territo- 
 ries, and at length worfted them. His 
 Potterity after this enjoyed their Patri- 
 mony quietly for fome Succeflions ; but 
 Fulke, who lived in the Reign of King; 
 Richard I. was forced to give a Fine oT 
 40 Marks to the King for Livery of the 
 Caftle here ; but after the Death of 
 King Richard, Maurice the Son of Roger, 
 who had this Caftle given him by the 
 Prince of Wales, was made Warden of 
 the Marches by King John, and obtain, 
 ed a Confirmation of it under the Great 
 Seal, having fent to the King then at 
 Montgomery Caftle, a Courfer well crapped. 
 Fulks and his Brethren being thus de- 
 prived of their Inheritance, defired Ju- 
 ftice of the King to reftore it to them ; 
 but not prevailing, they quitted their 
 Fidelity, fled to Wiycbtfar, and after- 
 ward into Britanny. The King fent 
 Men twice to apprehend them, but 
 they encountring them were killed, 
 which much incenfed the King ; but up 
 on the Death of Maurice, the Prince of 
 Wales reftored Whitington to hin>, which 
 when King fchti had Notice of, he pri- 
 vately fent to Lswellin, then Prince of 
 Wales, to fkll upon him and his Bre- 
 thren by Surprize, and cut off their 
 Heads. Hugh got Information of it by 
 Lcwellin's Wife, and fled firft into France^ 
 and then into Barbary, to fave himfelf; 
 but being weary of Banifhmcnt, he re- 
 turned again into England, and at length 
 thro' the Mediation of Ranulpb Earl of 
 Chefter, and fome others of the Nobility, 
 and Hubert Archbifliop of Canterbury, he 
 obtained Rcftitution of his Caftle of 
 Whitington, upon his giving two hundred 
 Marks, and two Courfers to the King, 
 as his hereditary Right ; and the King 
 gave Command to the Sheriff of Shrop- 
 jl>ire to give him PoiTcmon of it accord- 
 ingly. This is that famous Fulk Fitz- 
 
 warine,
 
 SHROPSHIRE, 
 
 warine, whofe ftrange and various For- 
 tune in War was fo much admired by 
 our Anceftors, and on whom the Poets 
 of that Time beftowed fuch large Enco- 
 miums. He was flain in the Battle of 
 Lewis in Sujfex, leaving Fttlke his Son 
 and Heir, and a Daughter named Eve, 
 who was married to Leiveiiin Prince of 
 Wales ', fhe was his fecond Wife. 
 
 This Fulke having made Proof of his 
 Age, i Ediv. I. obtained his Inheritance, 
 and attending the King in the Expedi- 
 tion he made into Wales, merited fo well 
 by his Service, that the King forgave 
 him a Debt of two hundred Pounds 
 which he owed to the Exchequer, and 
 granted him a Charter for free Warren 
 in all his demefne Lands in this Place. 
 He afterwards went on divers Expedi- 
 tions into GafcoigKe, Flanders, Scotland, 
 and "France, where, becaufe he abode 
 fome Time, "Eleanor his Wife was per- 
 mitted to have Livery of this Manor of 
 Whltlngon, fill his Return into- England 
 to. perform his Homage. Upon his com- 
 ing back from France, Edmund Earl of 
 Kent, who was convi&ed of endeavouring 
 to reftore King Edwardll. to his Throne, 
 giving out that he was alive, charged 
 him that he had promifed him his Af- 
 fiftance in fo doing; whereupon the King 
 feized upon this Caftle of Whitington ; 
 but being fatisfied the next Year, that he 
 was falfly accufed, he was reftored to 
 the Pofleflion of it, and died feized of 
 it and the Manor, 23 Edw. IIL 
 
 His Son and Heir Fulke was but feven 
 Years old at his Death ; but arriving at 
 foil Age had Livery of his Lands, and 
 became an aftive and warlike Man ; for 
 he attended the Black Prince into Gaf- 
 roigne, Thomas. Earl of Wanciek into 
 Flanders, and being one of the Barons 
 Marchers was with others appointed to 
 reftrain the Incurfions of Letuellin Prince 
 of Wales, but died that Year, being the 
 47 Ed<w. III. being^ then feiz.ed ot this 
 Caftle and Lordfrnp. He left Fulke his 
 Son and Heir, who dying foon after he 
 came to his Inheritance, left it to his 
 Son Fulke, who being under Age, the 
 CuJtody of this Caitle was committed to. 
 
 James Aldifbley, till he came to Age; 
 which having attained, and Livery of 
 his Lands, he foon after died, having be- 
 queathed his Body to be buried in the 
 Chancel of the Church of Whittingto t 
 and ordered a Tomb to be fet upon his 
 Grave. He left Fulke his Son and Heir, 
 then but three Years old, who arriving 
 at full Age, and having no Heirs, gave 
 all his Lands and Tenements to his Mo- 
 ther Elizabeth, to be difpofed of for the 
 Health of his and his Parents 
 Souls, &>c. 
 
 Wolflon, or Wolftanton, the Manor and 
 Eftate of the Burnels, an ancient Fami- 
 ly. Sir Robert Bumel, Knt. an eminent 
 Pcrfon in this Shire, living in the Con- 
 queror's Days, Reg. 20. Of his Defcen- 
 dants was Sir Edward BurneJ, who died 
 poflefled of this Manor, and- left a Wi- 
 dow Alma, who held this Manor in 
 Dower for Life ; and after her it came 
 to his only Daughter and Heir Elizabeth,, 
 who marring to JoTon de Htndlo, carried 
 it into his Family, in which it continued 
 till by Female Heirs it pa fled into other 
 Families, 8 Hen. V. viz. that of the 
 Lords Lovel ; for WiJliam Lord Lovel in 
 33 Hen. VI. and his Son John Lord Lovel 
 in 4 Ediv. IV. died poflefled of this Ma- 
 nor. Francis the Son of John forfeited 
 all his Eftate to the Crown, in oppofing 
 the Acceflionof King Henry VII. to the 
 Crown, who feized it, but how it was 
 difpofcd of. after, we have not difco- 
 vered. 
 
 Wotton was another Manor that be- 
 longed to the Family of Handbes, and 
 pafled to the Female Heirs, as Wolftan- 
 ton did ; but we do not find that it cume 
 from the Burnels, as that Lordfhip did. 
 This is all- we find of the Villages of this 
 Hundred. 
 
 V. The Hundred of SOUTH-BRADFORD, 
 
 This Hundred of South-Bradford ex- 
 tends to the Middle of the County, and 
 is bounded on the Eaft with Staffordshire; 
 on the South, with the Hundreds of 
 Brim ftry &n$ Wen lock ; on the Weft, with, 
 the Hundreds of StfMwftwy and
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 wr ; and on the North with North-Brad- 
 ford. The Fee of this . Hundred we fup- 
 poie to be in Crown, becaufe we find 
 no private Owner of it. There are two 
 Market-Towns in this Hundred, viz. 
 Newport and Wellington. 
 
 NEWPORT, whofe Market is week- 
 ly on Saturday, and Fairs on Palm-Eve, 
 and Holy-Crofs Day, i^ Sept. if we mi- 
 llake not, there being fo many Places of 
 the fame Name in other Counties, which 
 are not diftinguilhed in our Catalogues 
 of Fairs. This Town was, 9 Rich. II. 
 .the Eftate and Manor of Nicholas Lord 
 Aldithley, or Audley, and his Defendants, 
 about 21 of Edw. III. having no Iflue 
 Male, Margaret, the only Daughter and 
 Heir of Hugh Lord Audley, carried it by 
 Marriage into the Family of Ralph Lord 
 Stafford. Near this Place is the Heath, 
 called Bloreheath, where the Battle be- 
 tween Richard Nevill Earl of Salisbury, 
 for the Houfe of Tori, and James Lord 
 Audley for the Houfe of Lancafler, was 
 fought, (as is above mentioned) and the 
 later was routed, and himfelf killed. 
 
 Alice Dutchefs of Northumberland, fo 
 made by King Charles I. at her Petition, 
 becaufe her Husband Sir Robert Dudley 
 being in foreign Parts, bore the Title of 
 Duke of Northumberland, as his Anceftor 
 John Dudley had done in the Reign of 
 King Edward VI. (tho* he is not num- 
 bered in iour Lifts of the -Dukes *nd 
 Earls of that Place, becaufe he was 
 created by the Emperor's Patent, 9. 
 Mar. 1620.) among many other large 
 and fingular Benefaftions, gave to the 
 Poor ofthis Parifh ten Pounds, to be 
 .paid out of the Rents of her Lands firft 
 .due after her Death. 
 
 This Town is worth our Notice fur- 
 ther, for being the Birth-place of Wil- 
 liam Adams, Efq; Habcrdafher of Lon- 
 don, where he traded fo profperoufly, 
 that he fined for Alderman of that City. 
 for God gave him a liberal Heart and 
 Hand proportionable to his Eftate, fo 
 that he founded in this Town of his Na- 
 tivity a School for the Education of the 
 Children of it in the Form following, 
 cfc. i. The Building was of Brick, and 
 
 Windows of Free-ftone. The School 
 was threefcore and ten Feet in Length, 
 and two and twenty Feet in Breadth 
 and Height ; and, 2. Over it he erefted 
 a fair Library, and flocked it with 
 Plenty of choice Books. 3. At the South 
 End of the School he built an Houle for 
 the Matter, whofe Salary he appointed 
 to be fixty Pounds per Ann. ; an& at the 
 North End he ere&ed Lodgings for the 
 Uflier, whofe Stipend he ordered to be 
 thirty Pounds per Ann. 4. Before the 
 Front of the School he built a ftately 
 Crypto-Porticus, or fair Walk, all the 
 Length of the School, with Pillars to 
 bear up the leaden Terms which was 
 made over it, and fenced in iwith Rails 
 and Ballifters. 5. At a little Diftance 
 from the School he allb ereted two 
 Alms-houfes for fome poor People, to 
 whom he allowed a competent Mainte- 
 nance. 6. To the Matters Houfes he 
 annexed a Garden, each of near an 
 Acre of Gro.und ; and gave two Acres to 
 the School for the Boys to play in. 7, 
 And put a Year's Rent before hand in- 
 to the Truftees Hands, that there might 
 be no Failure of Payment either to the 
 School matters or Alms-People in cafe 
 of Cafualties. He defigned further to 
 fettle Ibme Exhibitions upon the School 
 for the Maintenance of fuch Scholars as 
 were fent to the Univerfity from this 
 School, whofe Parents could not fpare 
 them a fufficient Maintenance ; but 
 whether he lived to perfet his good In- 
 tention that way, we have had no In- 
 formation. 
 
 WELLINGTON, whofe Market is 
 on Thurfday weekly, and Fairs on the 
 Feaft of St. John Baptift, 24 June, and 
 on the Feaft of St. Martin 10 Nov. The 
 Manor of this Town was, 6 Rich. II. the 
 Eftate of Sir John Handle, who came 
 into the Eftate of the Burrrells by the 
 Marriage of Maud, the Heir of Sir Ed- 
 ward Burnel, In this Family it continu- 
 ed till the Reign of King Edward III. 
 when this Manor, it feems, was in that 
 King's Hands; for Thomas Erdington be- 
 ing then Chamberlain to the King, ob- 
 tained from him .a Grant of this Manor 
 
 of
 
 SHROPSHIRE. t s + 
 
 of Wellington; but how long -it continued in this Town, and further procured a 
 
 in his Family, we do not obferve, nor Licence to make a Caftle of his Manor- 
 
 any Thing of it, till we find Roger Leigh Houfe here. From him the Cherltons of 
 
 defcended from the ancient Family of this Place are defcended. 
 
 Lord of 
 
 Leighsof High Leigh in Chejlnre 
 this Manor, and fixing -his Seat here. 
 His Son Thomas Leigh being bred a Mer- 
 chant of London, became a Lord Mayor 
 there, and left a great Eftate, by which 
 his Son William was qualified to marry 
 J\4ary the Daughter of Thomas Lord El- 
 lefmere, then Lord High Chancellor of 
 England, by whom he had a Son named 
 Francis, who was created firft a Baronet, 
 and then Lord Dttnfmore; after which, 
 manifefting his Loyalty to"King Charles 
 I. in a fignal Manner, he was by Letters 
 Patents, dated at Oxford, $ June 1645, 
 advanced to the Title and Degree of the 
 Earl of Chidefier, with a Limitation to 
 the Heirs Male of his Body ; and for 
 want of fuch Iflue, to Thomas Earl of 
 Southampton, who married Ffancis his 
 cldeft Daughter. 
 
 In the Beginning of the Civil Wars 
 between King Charles I 
 ment, after all Methods 
 Differences offered by the King, were 
 rejefted by the Parliament, and Prepa- 
 rations were making for War on both 
 Sides. The King hearing that Stoews- 
 tury was well arfe&ed to him, haftened 
 thither, and in his Way rendexVouzed at 
 this Place, where he publifhed his mili- 
 tary Orders for ftri& Difcipline, and 
 made a Proteftation, That he would de- 
 fend the eftablifhed Religion, govern by 
 Law, and preferve the Liberty of the 
 SubjeQ: ; and if he conquer'd, would 
 maintain the Privileges of Parliament ; 
 and if he failed in his Promifes, he defircd 
 neither the Afliftance of Heaven nor 
 Men. This Proteftation animated his 
 Army, and pleafed the People of the 
 Counties of Derby, Stafford and Salop, 
 through which he pafled to Shrewsbury, 
 which he entred 2,0 Sept. 1 642,. 
 
 Apley, the Manor and Eftate of Alan 
 de Charlton, a younger Branch of the 
 Family of the Cherltons, Lords Fowls, who 
 in the 1 1 Edw. II. obtained a Charter 
 
 In this Village is the magnificent Seat 
 of the Family of the Whitmores, Baro- 
 nets, the firft Baronet of which Fami- 
 ly was Sir William Whit more, who was 
 created^ a Baronet by Charles I. Anno 
 1641. 
 Son 
 Wtlli, 
 
 Life foon after the Beginning of 
 Century, without Heirs, ancj fo the Ti- 
 tle became extinft; but the Eftate and- 
 Seat Is now, or late was in the PoffeiSon 
 of William Wbitmore,~Ef<y; another Branch 
 of the fame Family, who 'is the 'Patron 
 of both the Churches at fcridanortti. 
 
 Atfham, a Village famous for ripthjng 
 but being the Place where William Ear- 
 ton, the Father of William Burton,' who 
 wrote the Comment upon Antoninus* Iti- 
 nerary, fo far as it concerneth England^ 
 dwelt, when the later William was born. 
 and the Parlia- He at i<J. Ycjirs of Age was' To' good a 
 to reconcile Greian, that by the Procurement of the 
 learned Mr. Allen, he had thc'Gwfc Lec- 
 ture in Gbcejler-Hatt conferred on him, 
 and 'kept it fo long as he continued in 
 the Univerfity. In 1630, he became 
 Ufher to Mr. The. 'Farnaby. the famous 
 Scho'olmafter of Kent, with whom haying 
 ftaid fome Years, he was elected School- 
 maftcr at Kingfl'on upon Thames in Sur- 
 rey, where he continued till within two 
 Years of his Death, and then went up 
 to London, being difablcd by the dead 
 Palfy, to follow the Bufinefs of a School* 
 While he adode, he faw the greateft 
 Part of his Itinerary printed. He was a 
 good Latinift, Linguift, Critick, and An- 
 tiquary, and much beloved by Arch- 
 bifhop Ufier, and divers other learned 
 Men. He dicdzSDecem. 1657, and was 
 buried in the Vault under the Church of " 
 Clement Danes, leaving behind him feve- 
 ral Collections of Antiquities, MSS. and 
 Coins. 
 
 Ambajton, the Manor and Eftate of 
 Nicholas Handloe, alias "Bttrnel, becaufe he, 
 
 of .free Warren in all his demefne Lands : was the Son of Maud, the" fole Daughter ' 
 
 L 1 1 1 and
 
 354 
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 and Heir of Edward Lord Burnett, whom 
 his Father Sir John Handloe had married, 
 and had by her feveral great Efta'tes. He 
 had no Iflue Male, and fo his Eftate 
 was divided among his three Coufins and 
 next Heirs, Joan, Margery, and Catha- 
 rine, the Daughters of Edward Burnel', 
 but to which of them this Manor fell in 
 the Divifion, we know not. 
 
 Berwike, the Eftate and Manor of Sir 
 JohnLeiburne, Knt. whoj 7 Ediv. III. ob- 
 tained a Charter for free Warren in al! 
 his demefne Lands here, and dying pof 
 fefled of it, ^^ Edw. III. left it for want 
 of Iflue, to Beatrice his Wife, and her 
 Heirs/ which John de Beaucbamp of So- 
 nierfetfiire her Cou/in was found to be. 
 
 Bildas, or Buldewas, the Lordfliip of 
 William FttzrAlan, which he beftowed 
 upon the Monaftery of this Place, of 
 which we lhall give an Account in our 
 Church Hiftory. 
 
 BroSon, a Village famous for being 
 the Habitation of the Family of Peryn, 
 which were defcended of an ancient and 
 gentile Family in Derfyfare. 
 
 Cberlton-Cafth, anciently the Manor- 
 Houfe of the Cberltons, Lords Powis, of 
 which Family the firft that we find is 
 John de Clerlton, who in i Edw. II. ob- 
 tained a Charter for free Warren ia all 
 his demefne Lands in this Town, and in 
 the tenth Year of the fame King, pro- 
 cured a Licence to make a Caftle or his 
 Manor- Houfe here. He waspoflefled of 
 this Manor, tiJl the $d of King Henry 
 IV. when he departed this Life, and left 
 it with other great Eftate, to his Brother 
 and Heir Edward de Cberlton, who dying 
 without Iflfuc Male, left it to two Daugh- 
 ters, Joan and Joyce, but to which of 
 them this Manor parted in the Partition 
 of them, we find not, but the Barony of 
 fowls fell to the youngeft, who married 
 Sir Job* Tiptoft, who thereupon became 
 Lord Powh. 
 
 Crugetm, or Crudglngton, the Manor 
 and EfUte of Edwyne Earl of Mercia, 
 before the Conqueflf, as appears by the 
 Conqueror's Survey, called Domcfday- 
 Book ; but he rebelling againft King Wil- 
 liaml. his great Eftate was feized by that 
 3 
 
 King at his Death as forfeited, and gi- 
 ven to his great Favourite Hugh de Mwt- 
 gomory above mentioned. 
 
 Detaley-Caftle, the Eftate of Richard 
 Earl of Arundel, which, upon his Banifli- 
 ment, was taken from him by King 
 Richard II. who caufed it by A& of Par- 
 liament, to be annexed to the Princi- 
 pality of Cbejter, which he had about 
 that Time ere&ed. 
 
 Esmond, or EgmundotJ, of which Ma- 
 nor John Tuchet Lord Audley died pof- 
 fefled of a third Part, and left it to his 
 Son James Tucket Lord Audley , in whofe- 
 Family it may poflibly continue, who 
 are now Earls of Cajtlebayen in Ire* 
 land. 
 
 Evelin, anciently the Habitation of the 
 Family of the De Evelyns, who in later 
 Times removed in to Surrey with the On- 
 flows and PVottonf,viho ail feated themfelves 
 one near the other there, and. have conti- 
 nued flourishing Families there ever fince ; . 
 Sir Jobn Evelyn and the LordO/Wibe- 
 ing defcended of thofe Families, 
 
 Eudon, or Eyton, a Lord (hip of the 
 Family of Byrnels, for which Philip Lord 
 Bttrnell, ? Edw- I. procured a Charter of 
 free Warren for all his demefne Lands 
 there. His Pofterjty enjoyed this Ma* 
 nor for fome Succeflions after him, and 
 from them it was called Eudon Burnelh 
 Edward the laft Lord Bttrnell died with- 
 out Iflue, and left his Eftate, with this 
 Manor, to his Sifter and Heir Maud t . 
 then the Wife of Jobn de Handloe, who 
 from that Time became Lord Burnel. 
 By Maud he had a- Son named Nicholas t 
 who inheriting his Mother's Eftate, ob- 
 tained the Livery of it after his Death, 
 by the Name ol Nicholas Burnett Lord 
 Burnell- He left it to his Son Sir Hugh 
 Bttrnell, whofe Son Edward dying before 
 him, left three Daughters, which be- 
 came his Heirs, Joyce, A4*rgery.a.nd Ca* 
 tharine, all unmarried, fo that we can't 
 difcover to what Family this Manor 
 pafled, after the Divifion of his EiUte 
 among them. 
 
 Hagbmon, the Manor and Eftate of 
 William Pitz-alan of dun, who founded 
 there an Abbey for Canons regular of 
 
 St.
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 "35 
 
 St Auguftine, of which we fhall fpeak 
 more fully in our Ecclefiaftical Hiftory. 
 In later Times here dwelt Mr. Barker, 
 who having married the Sifter of 
 Sir Rowland Hill, a rich and wealthy 
 Merchant of London., who had no Iflue 
 of his own, the faid Sir Rowland made 
 his Daughter Alice his Heir, marrying 
 her to Sir Thomas Leigh, Knt. who had 
 been bred up under him, and became 
 alfo very rich, and was Lord Mayor of 
 London, i Eliz- 1558. 
 
 Helgot,Holgod,HoIgot,or Halefcote,&n an- 
 cient Town and Caftle poflefled in the 
 Reign of K. John by Thomas JWauduit, who 
 then had the Reputation of a Baron ; 
 but he joining with the rebellious Barons, 
 and having appeared in Arms with them, 
 this his Caftle was feiied into the King's 
 Hands, and given to Hugh de Mortimer 
 for the prefent. But he afterwards re- 
 turned to his Obedience, and obtained a 
 Reftitution of it. In the Reign of King 
 Henry III. he procured a Charter for a 
 Market there every Week upon Thurf- 
 day How long after this, this Town and 
 Caftle continued in the Family of Mau- 
 duit, we can't find ; but 'tis certain that 
 it was fome way alienated, for it ap- 
 pears, that Philip Lord Burnel was the 
 Lord and Owner of it, 19 Edw. I. for 
 he that Year obtained a Charter of free 
 Warren in all his demefne Lands here. 
 He died 22 Edw* I. and left this Manor 
 and Caftle, with other his Eftates, to 
 his Sifter and Heir Maud, then the Wife 
 of John Handloe, who became thereupon 
 Lord Burnett. Edward Ettrnell Lord Bur- 
 nelt died poflefled of it, 27 Nov. 8 Hen. 
 V. but leaving no Iflue Male, his Cou- 
 fins above mentioned became Heirs, and 
 to whom they married, we find not ; and 
 fo obferve nothing of this Town and 
 Caftle, till the Reign of King Henry Vll. 
 when jfafper Duke of Bedford, Son of 
 Owen Tudor Prince of Wales, and Catha- 
 rine, Widow of King H*nry V. and 
 Daughter of Charles VI. King of France, 
 obtained a Grant in Ipecial Tail of this 
 Lordfhip and Caftle of that King, being 
 Part of the Pofleflions of Francis Vifcount 
 at that Time attainted. He died 
 
 without any legitimate Heir, and fo his 
 large Eftate returned to the Crown, in 
 which we fuppofe it remained, tfll Ths- 
 mas Howard Earl of Surrey, having merit- 
 ed highly King Henry Vlllth's Favour, 
 by the Vi&ory he obtained over the 
 Scots in Flodden-fetd, with the Slaughter 
 of their King, was for his Reward cre- 
 ated Duke of Norfolk, had an Augmen- 
 tation of his Arms made him, viz- on. 
 the Bend half a red Lion (the Arms of 
 Scotland} pierced thro : the Mouth witk 
 an Arrow ; and by Letters Patents ob- 
 tained a Grant in fpecial Tail of this 
 Manor and Caftle, and divers other E- 
 ftates in this and other Counties. He 
 was fucceeded in Honour and Eftate bf 
 his Son Thomas, who with his Brother Ed- 
 mund commanded the Vantguard in 
 Flodden-feld. He was alfo a Pcrfon of great 
 Merit, and bore the Offices of the great- 
 eft Truft in his .Time, being Deputy of 
 Ireland, General of the King's Army, &c. 
 He obtained a Grant in Fee of this Ma- 
 nor and Caftle, with divers other E- 
 ftates, and the Advowfons of the 
 Churches; and tho* he was fo unfor- 
 tunate, as to fall under King Henry 
 Vlllth's Difpleafure, and lay a long 
 Time in the Tower a Prifoner ; he died 
 in Freedom, and left his Eftate to his 
 Heirs. 
 
 LangfirJ, one of the Manors of which_ 
 Edwin Earl of Mercla was poflefled in 
 Edward the Confeflbr's Days, as the 
 Conqueror's Survey rccofdcth ; but her 
 ing forfeited by his Rebellion, and feia> 
 ed by the King, was given to Hugh de 
 Montgomery, &c. 
 
 Litjbull, a fmall Village, of little 
 Note, fave for the Abbey, of which we 
 mail hereafter Jay more in our Ecclefi- 
 aftical Hiftory ; and for the Share that 
 the Poor of it had, and ftill have, in the 
 Will of the late Lady Levefon, Relift of 
 Sir Richard Levefon, Knt. a fingular Ex- 
 ample of Bounty and Charity to all Ge- 
 nerations ; for among many Legacies 
 given to Perfons and Places, fhe was a 
 great Benefa&or to this Town ; for, 
 i. Having appointed an Hofpital for 
 twenty poor Widows, to be erefted at 
 L 1 1 1 2
 
 .to be maintained out of her 
 Manor there, as {he had afligned, and 
 all to be chofen out of the Parifh. of 
 Balfall;' fhe ordered, that if at any 
 Time, it happened, that there were not 
 fo many Widows in Balfall, that fo ma- 
 ny fhould be chofen out of this Place, 
 Long-'ftchingtqri and Trentbam, as -fhould 
 make them up ; each of them to have 
 for their Maintenance .8 /. a Year, and 
 a Gown of grey Cloth, with K. L. of 
 blue Cloth fixed thereon. 2. To the 
 Poor of this Town ten Pounds, to be 
 diftributed to them on the Day of her 
 Funeral. 3. She gave a yearly Rent of 
 one hundred ancl twenty Pounds per 
 Ann. for the Maintenance of twelve poor 
 Widows, whereof three of them to be 
 of this Parifh, to be chofen by the Mi- 
 nifter, Church- warden and Overleers 
 of the Poor in this Parifh, and to each of 
 them a Gown of grey Cloth, with the 
 Letters K. L. affixed to them in blue 
 Cloth. Likewife one hundred Pounds 
 fer Ann. more to be paid out of the Rents 
 and Revenues of Fcxley, for the placing 
 out ten poor Boys Apprentices, two of 
 them to be out of this Parifh of Lilpul. 
 This pious Lady died at Trentham in 
 1673, and was buried at LHJhull, where 
 her Husband Sir Richard Levefw, Knt. 
 lay before interred. She was the Daugh- 
 ter of that pious and charitable La,dy 
 Alice Dutchefs Dudley, of whom before 
 in Ncrthamptovjhire. 
 
 Lor.gdcn, or Langdon, the Manor and 
 Eftate of Edward Lord Burnell, from 
 whom dying without Male Heirs, it pa- 
 fed by the Marriage cf Maud his Sifter 
 and Heir, to John Handfoe, or Handloa, 
 who in her Right became Lord Eur- 
 ntU', and his Son Nicholas,. which he had 
 by her, aflumcd the Name of Burnell, 
 calling himfelf Nicholas Burnell Lord Eur- 
 tiell. He in the 38 Edw. IIJ. obtained a 
 Charter of free Warren in all his De- 
 mefnes here. His Son and Heir was Sir 
 Hugh Btirnell, who died poficfled of this 
 Manor and divers others in this and o- 
 ther Counties ; but' leaving only Heirs 
 General, who were unmarned, we eah't 
 difcover to whom this Manor and his 
 
 other Eftates palled, t#l the Reign of 
 King Henry VII. when we find Jafper 
 Duke of Bedford above mentioned, to 
 have obtained a Grant in fpecial Tail 
 of this Lordfhip and Manor, late the E- 
 ftate of Francis Vifcount Lovel, attainted. 
 This Duke dying without any lawful 
 Iflue, the Eftates above granted him re- 
 turned to the Crown, and there refted, 
 till King Henry VIII. beftowed this Ma- 
 nor and fome other Eftates upon Thomas 
 Howard Earl of Surrey, whom he alfo 
 made : Duke of Norfolk at the fame Time, 
 as a Reward of his Courage and Con- 
 du in conquering the Scots in Flodden- 
 feld. He left them all to his Son Tho- 
 mas, who with his Brother Edmund led 
 the Vantguard in that Battle; and he be- 
 haved himfelf fo well in that King's 
 Reign v that he^bore moftof the greateft 
 Offices of the Kingdom, as Lieutenant of 
 Ireland, General of the Army, & c . and 
 obtained the Fee of this Manor and o- 
 thers in this County ; but being thro' the 
 Maligning of his Enemies brought under 
 the Difpleafure of his Prince, died in 
 Difcontent, leaving his Eftate to Po- 
 fterity entire, who ftill enjoy much of it. 
 
 Marchumley, or Marchamleg, the Ma- 
 nor and Eftate of the Family of Alditb- 
 ley, or Audley, for which James Lord 
 Audley procured a Charter of free War- 
 ren, 37 Hen. III. and left it fo privijer 
 ged to his Pofterity. Thomas Lord And? 
 ley enjoyed it, and left it with other E- 
 ftates to his Son Nicholas; but Eve his 
 Widow furviving him, this Manor was 
 afligned to her as Part of her Dower, 
 which came to him after her Death, and 
 he left it to his Pofterity, of whom Ni- 
 cholas his Grandfdn died poflefled of it 
 in 9 Rich. II. but leaving no Male 
 Heirs, his Sifters inherited ; but which 
 of them had this Manor, we know 
 not. 
 
 Oaken-yate, a fmall Village, ftanding 
 in fomewhat a low Bottom near PVrekin- 
 Hill, fit this Time famous for nothing 
 but for the much frequented Coal-pits. 
 Of ojd Time, that, it was Ufocwa (writ- 
 ten in fome Copies Ufoccona and Uxaccna) 
 a Reman Staiion mention'd in ' 
 
 s
 
 HRO <P S If IRE. 
 
 is conjeSured by CaaAiem for thefe the Tnrerefts of King Richard III. fought 
 Reafons. i. Becaufe it ftands near the for him in the decifive Battle of Bof- 
 
 military or ancient Reman Highway. 
 Its Diftance from Wroxeter on the one 
 
 ivvrtb-feJd, where the King being flain, 
 he was forced to fly for his Life, and 
 
 Side, and Pennoirucium or Pencridge on firtt rook San&uary in St. John's Abbey 
 
 the other, agreeing exactly with that in at Cckhefter, and from thence fled into 
 
 the Itinerary, infallible Signs in his Judg- Lancafiire, and fo into Flanders, to the 
 
 ment of its being fo; fo chat he condu- Dutchefs of Burgundy, King Richard's Si- 
 
 deth, that it is beyond Conrroverfy. To ftcr. He afterward came into England 
 
 thefe Arguments he adds, That the with Martin Swart, with an Army to 
 
 Name it felf makes much for his Con- depofe King HenryVll. and fet up Lam- 
 
 je&ure, for it is compounded cf the bert Simnelle, under the Name of Richard 
 
 Word Ys, which in the old Brjtijb Lan- Duke of York, .and was flain at the Bat- 
 
 guage fignifies Low, and feems to be ad- tie of Stoke. His Eftate being thus for- 
 
 ded to exprefs its low Situation. 
 
 Orleton, or Ollerton, the native Place 
 of Humphrey Leech, who having taken 
 his Matter's of Arts Degree &t Cambridge, 
 and foon after been incorporated in the 
 
 feited, King Henry VII. feized it, and 
 gave this Manor and other Lordfhips of 
 his to J-afyer Duke of Bedford, who held 
 it for his Life, but dying without any 
 legitimate IfTue, IT Hen. VII. it return- 
 
 fame at Oxford, he became Vicar of St. ed to the Crown, being given him only 
 
 Alkniond's Church in Shrewsbury. -He in Tail; and was given by King Henry 
 
 went to Rome in 1618, and was there VIII. Reg. 5. to Thomas Earl of Surrey, 
 
 admitted into the Society of Jefuits; whom he made Duke of Norfolk. 
 and at length being fent upon the Eng- Dr. Richdrd Allejlry, the famous Regius 
 
 Ji(h Miffion, he fettled in one Mr. Maf- Profeflbr of Oxford, was born in this 
 
 /y's Houfe in Chejhire. Town. He was' educated at Coventry 
 
 Rowton, the Lordmip of Hugh Lord in Grammar, and in Ckr'.ft Church, Ox- 
 
 BurneJ } who died poflefled of it, with ford, in Univerfuy Learning, where he 
 ' 
 
 was Student, and a noted Tutor; but 
 ejefted by the Reformin Parlia- 
 
 other Eftates, 17 Nov. 8 Hen. V. leaving 
 his Lands to his three Nieces, jfoyte, 
 
 Margery and Catharine ; but to which of ment-Viiifors,' with many others, and 
 
 them this Manor, upon the Divifion, put miferably to his Shifts. In 1641, he 
 
 fell, doth not appear to us. put himfelf in Arms for his Majefty 
 
 TJppington, the Manor and Eftate of the King Charles I. under Sir John Byron; 
 
 above mention'd Hugh Lord Brwe//, which and was after in the Garrifon at Oxford, 
 
 he left to his Nieces as abovefaid ; but which being refigncd to the Parliament, 
 
 how this -Manor puffed afterward, we he was entertained as a Chaplain to 
 
 find not, till the Reign of King Henry Francis Newport of this County, Efq; af- 
 
 VI. when William Lord Lovel, among terwards made Lord Newport of Higb 
 
 other Eftates, died feized of this Lordmip Ercal, with whom he continued till 
 
 of Uppingtcn, and left it to his Son and Worcejler Fight ; after which he attended 
 
 Heir fchn Lord Lovel, as he did to his Son King Charles II. at Roan in Normandy, 
 
 / - w T^ it* i/*_ l TX r> 1_ ^_ ^ 
 
 and Heir Francis Lord Level, who being a 
 great Friend to the York Family in their 
 
 and often carried Difpatchcs to his Ma- 
 nagers in England, with great Hazard 
 
 catched at' Dover in his Return from 
 that King in Flanders ; and having been 
 examined by the Committee of the 
 
 bloody Contefts for the Crown, was ad- of his Life often ; but at length was 
 vanced by King Edward IV. to the Title 
 and Degree of a Vifcount, and by King 
 Richard III. his Succeflbr, he was made 
 
 Chamberlain of the Houmold, Keeper of Council of 'Safety in 1659, was com 
 
 the Honour and Caftle of Wattlngford and mitted Prifoner to Lambeth Houfe, where 
 
 St. Waleryes, and chief Butler of Eng- he remained till Things bcaan to move 
 
 land. He being thus deeply engaged in towards the Reftoration of his Majefty. 
 
 la
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 In 1 6^0, when King Charles II. gained 
 the Throne, he was made Canon of Chrijl- 
 Chwch, Oxford, and being foon after created 
 Dr. of Divinity, he was appointed one of the 
 Le&urers of the City of Oxford to revive 
 loyal Principles in the Citizens, one of 
 his Majefty's Chaplains in ordinary, Re- 
 gius Profeflbr and Provoft of Eaton Col- 
 lege, which were all the Preferments he 
 enjoyed to his Death, and might have 
 been thought too little for his Merit, had 
 he not refufed to be a Bifhop. He was 
 a good and affe&ionate Preacher, and 
 being richly furnifhed with all Sorts of 
 JLearning adorned the Profeflbr's Chair 
 excellently well for many Years. He 
 was one of the moft eminent Divines of 
 our Age ; but in the five Points much 
 more moderate than any of his Prede- 
 ccflors in .the Chair. There are forty 
 Sermons of his in Print, Oxford 1684, 
 and fomc other Treatifes. He died in 
 January 1680 i, and was buried on the 
 North Side of the Communion-Table in 
 Eaton College Chapel. He built a new 
 .Grammar School on the Weft Side of 
 the College Court, which coft him 1 500 
 Pounds. His Heirs fet up a white Mar- 
 -ble Tablet over his Grave, with .a large 
 Inscription, Shewing his Preferments, 
 Virtues and Accomplishments, and Time 
 xif his Death. 
 
 Upton, a fmaJl Manor belonging to the 
 .Family of'Zotiches, called for Diftinction 
 theZouches of Ajhby in Leicejterjbire, which 
 from them retains the Name of Afiby 
 de la Zoucb. Alan de Zouch, who was in 
 great Favour with King Henry III. and 
 by him conflicted Warden of all that 
 King's Forefts, South of Trent, Governor 
 of the Caftle of Northampton, and Con- 
 ftable of the Tower of London, gave this 
 Manor to the Monks of Bildwas. 
 
 Watlingftreet, one of the Pretorian or 
 Confular Highways made by the Romans 
 for the Marching of their Armies, and 
 Paflage of their Carriages, of large 
 Stakes, and leffcr Wood woven between 
 them to keep up the Earth and Stones 
 laid between, called by the Saxons, Wat- 
 tlttj from whence it is fince called 
 Wattling- freet, enters this County out of 
 Staffer J]ljire t at "Bomngale in Brimfty Hun- 
 
 dred ; and fo pafl&ng by Wellington, goes 
 through the ancient Station called Uri- 
 conium, or Wroxeter \ and at a little Di- 
 ftance from the City leads (Mr. Cambden 
 fays) either through . Ford, or over a 
 Bridge ; (being uncertain whether) but 
 firice it is found to be over a Bridge, for 
 there is yet difcernable at iow Water in 
 the Bottom of the Severn, the Foundation 
 of fomc Stone-Work Building, which 
 probably enough is the Remains of the 
 Bridge, yet certainly the Road went 
 through the Ford called Wroxeter -ford, as 
 is yet plainly to be difcovcred by the 
 Old Streight-way, pointing exaftly upon 
 it on each Side of the River, and from 
 thence it goes on to A&on-BitrneJ, and 
 then to the Strattons, (which imports 
 Towns feared by the Streets or High- 
 way) viz., all the S'trettons, Great or 
 Church Stretton, and Little Stretton, from 
 whence it goes to Lenterdine in Hereford- 
 Jbire, (near which Town there is an an- 
 cient Roman Fortification or Camp,which 
 fome have thought the Old "Brandun'iurn) 
 and fo into Wales, thro* the Middle of 
 which Country it paffeth to Cardigan^ 
 where i: ends. 
 
 Wreken-Hill ; Mr. Cambden is of Opi- 
 nion, that this Mountain, which is but a 
 little diftant from Wroxeter, manifeftly 
 retains the ancient Name of Viroconium. 
 
 It is called by fome Gilbert's Hill, and 
 gradually /ailing into a pleafant Level, 
 yields an entertaining Profpeft of the 
 Plains round about it. This Hill fiioots 
 it felf out pretty far in Length, is well 
 fet with Trees; and at the Foot of it, 
 where the Severn's Stream wafheth it, 
 ftands Bildas, or Brtldeivas, where was 
 anciently a noted Monaftery, of which 
 before. It ftands about a Mue from 
 Wroxeter, and is the higheft Ground of 
 all the Country thereabout. 
 
 Wrockwardine, the Manor and Eftate 
 of Richard Lord Talbotj who died pof- 
 fefledofit, with other Eftates, 7 Sept. 
 20 Rich. II. leaving it to his Son Gilbert; 
 but his Lady Ankaret, Daughter of John 
 Le Stranve of Blackmere, furviving him, 
 the third Part of this Manor, with fome 
 others, was allotted to her for her Dow- 
 ry; and fo Gilbert had but- two Parts of
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 639 
 
 it while he lived, becaufe his Mother 
 furvived him. He died 19 Ofob. 7 Hen. 
 V. and left only one Daughter Ar.karet 
 for his Heir ; me died under Age, and 
 unmarried ; and fo the Honour and E- 
 ftate defcended to her Uncle Sir J-ohn 
 Talbot, who proved the famous Warrior 
 in Hen. VIch's Reign, and for his Valour 
 was created the firlt Earl of Sbrevultay 
 of that Name. He was killed by a Ca- 
 non Shot at the Siege of ChajtlU'ton in 
 "Prance, and died poflefled of this Manor, 
 31 Hen. VI. his Brother Thomas had his 
 Seat in this Village, and died without 
 Iflue. The SuccefTor of the foremention- 
 cd fohn was his Son and Heir, John Lord 
 Talbot, then Earl of Shrewsbury. He 
 was (lain at the Battle of Northampton, 
 and buried in the Priory of Work/op. 
 His Succeflors enjoyed this Manor, but 
 how long, we do not find it exprefly 
 mentioned) 
 
 Wroxeter, an ancient Town, fituate 
 upon the Severn near the Joining of the 
 River Tern with it. It is fuppofed by 
 our Antiquaries to- be the Uric^nium, a 
 Roman Station, as Antoninus calls it ; but 
 Ptolemy will have its Name Vtroconlum ; 
 Ninnius calls it Caer Uruacb; the Saxons, 
 Wrekon-cefier; but we Wreckceter and 
 Wroxeter; Ancient Records write it 
 Wroxceftry, Wroxceftre, and Wrockcejtre. 
 N.B. We 1 own our felves nruch indebted 
 to one Mr. fones of Shrewsbury > for his 
 Informations in his Letter tbMr.Ffttf**, 
 of divers Things relating to this Place, 
 Lengnor and Alton Bumel. It was the 
 Metropolis (fays Mr. Cambden ; but Mr* 
 Burton from Ptolemy, makes it the fecond 
 of the two chief Cities) of the Comavii, 
 built probably (Tays Mr. Cambden) by 
 the Romans, when they fortified the 
 Bank of the Severn, which is more eafily 
 fordable here than in any other Place 
 between it and the Mouth of it. It was 
 very much mattered by the Saxon Wars, 
 and quite dcftroycd in- the Danijb ; and 
 is now a very fmall Village, inhabited 
 only by Country People, who frequent- 
 ly plough up ancient Coins that bear 
 "Witncfc.of its Antiquity. Here is no- 
 thing now to be fcen of it, but a very 
 
 few Reliqnes of broken Walls, called 
 by the Inhabitants, The old Works of 
 Wroxceter, which were built of hewen 
 Stone laid in fcven Rows, at an equal 
 Diftance, arched within after the Faftiion 
 of che Brltai/is Buildings. In the Place 
 where the Ruins arc, 'tis fuppofed ftood 
 a Cattle formerly , as is probable, from 
 the Unevennefs of the Ground, Heaps 
 of Earth, and the Rubbifh. of Walls ly- 
 ing here and there. The Plot, where 
 this City ftood (which was no imall 
 Spot of Ground) is a blacker Son of 
 Earth than the reft, and yields the lar- 
 geft Crops of Barley. Thus far Mr. 
 Cambden ; but the Author of the Addi- 
 tions to Cambdeit, gives us fomething 
 different Account, telling us, That the 
 Circumference of this City, when it 
 was (landing, was about three Miles, 
 and that it was encompafled witk a 
 Wall, built upon.a Foundation for the" 
 moft Part made of Pebble-ftones, about 
 three Yards thick, and a vaft Trench 
 round it, which in fome Places appears 
 exceeding Deep at this Day. 
 
 Mr. Cambden refers the Decay of it to 
 the Danijh Wars ; (and indeed it was 
 burnt without Difpute, becaufe the Way 
 where the Fire went is- eafily traced by 
 the Blacknefs and Ranfcneis of the 
 Soil) but if we hold it to be done by the 
 Danes, we /hall much diminifli the An- 
 tiquity of Shrewsbury, which rofe out of 
 the Ruins of it, as is generally believed, 
 and can never be able to anfwer the 
 Argument brought to prove it of grea- 
 ter Antiquity much, taken from the 
 Coins found there, which are fomc of 
 them of Gold, (but thofe are rare) fome 
 of Stone, red, green and blrte, and o- 
 thers of Silver, very commonly met 
 with, and the reft of Brafs, Copper, and 
 mixed Aletals, all of them Roman. From 
 whence we may very- well infer, that the 
 Deftru&ion of this City was before the 
 Coming of the Saxons into Britain, or at 
 the latcft, in their Wars with the En- ' 
 tains; for if it had continued to the Da- 
 xijb Times, there would certainly be 
 fome of the Saxons Coins mixed with 
 them. To- confirm this Opinion^ the 
 
 Name
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 
 
 Name given it by the Saxons, which is 
 Wreken-cejtev, (from which the modern 
 Name of Wroxeter is taken) may beufed, 
 becaufe it fignifieth a Caftle or Town 
 wracked or deftroyed, implying, that 
 when they came into Britain they found 
 it demolifhed. The Coins that are found 
 here are called Dinders t and are fo worn 
 and decayed, that there is not one in 
 ten found, which hath the Infcription 
 perfeftly legible, or the Image diftin- 
 guifhable. 
 
 But whenever or by whomfoever it 
 was demolifhed, it hath certainly been 
 a Place of very great Antiquity, as ap- 
 pears from feveral Remains of the Ro- 
 m#ns Burials, Urns and other Works. 
 And firftas to their Burials in fearching 
 into their Places of Interment, . there 
 have been taken out of the Jaw-bones of 
 Men, Teeth near three Inches long, 
 and three Inches about, and Thigh- 
 bones have been lately found by the In- 
 habitants, full a Yard long. Now their 
 Way of burying their dead Bodies (when 
 they did not burn them, and put the 
 Ames into Urns) was this, as hath been 
 obferved. Firft they made a deep wide 
 Grave, at the Bottom of which they 
 laid a Bed of very red Clay, and upon 
 it laid the Body," and then covered it 
 with the fame Clay, over which they 
 placed a thin Sort of Slates to fence the 
 Clay againft the Earth or Mould, 
 which being thrown in upon it, would 
 otherwife have been apt to break through 
 to the dead Body. Laftly, they filled 
 the Grave, and covered it with great 
 Stones, fometimes five or fix upon 
 a Grave ; but their Weight hath long a- 
 go funk them into the Ground. As to 
 the Urns, there have feveral of them 
 been found whole in the Memory of 
 Man, when thev have had Occalion to 
 dig three or four Foot deep in their 
 Tandy Land ; for as the dead Corpfe 
 \vqre buried in a red Clay, fo their Urns 
 were lodged in a red Sand. Some other 
 Roman Works have been found here ; 
 for a few Years fince, in a Place that 
 was obfcrved to be more barren than the 
 reft, there was found in digging, afquare 
 
 Room, walled about with four Ranks orf 
 fmall Brick Pillars, to fupport a double 
 Floor made of Mortar, which is fuppo- 
 fed to have been a Sudatory or fweat- 
 ing Houfe for the Roman Soldiers. 
 
 The Manor of this Town was an- 
 ciently the Eftate of John Fitz-alan, in 
 the Reign of King Henry III. and after 
 his Death, which happened 24 Hen- III. 
 Hawife his Wife, was by the King's Pre- 
 cept, fent to J-ohn L'Ejlrange the High. 
 Sheriff, to affign her a Dower, allotted 
 this and fome other Manors in this and 
 other Counties. He was fucceeded in " 
 his Eftate by his Son and Heir John, 
 who, 58 Hen. III. obtained a Charter of 
 free Warren in all his demefne Lands in 
 this Town, and other Places in this 
 County. His Pofterity enjoyed this 
 Manor divers Succeffions ; for Thomas 
 Fitz.-alan t Earl of Arundel and Shrewsbury, 
 died poflefled of it, 13 Oftob. 14.15, 
 3 Hen. V. and John Fitz-alan, 13 Hen. 
 VI. how long it remained among his Po- 
 fterity, we know not, nor do we meet 
 with it in any other Family. Thefe are 
 all the Villages, of Note in this Hundred 
 that are" come to our Knowledge. We 
 proceed next to 
 
 VI. The Hundred of B a i M s T R Y. 
 
 This Hundred of Brimftry is bounded 
 on the North and Eaft with Stafford- 
 Jhire ; on the South, with the Hundred 
 of Stottefdon ; and on the Weft, with the 
 Hundred of South-Bradford and Wenlock. 
 The Fee of this Hundred is in the 
 Crown, and under the Government of 
 the High Sheriff. There is no Market- 
 Town in this Hundred, Part of it lying 
 convenient for Wellington Market in 
 South- Bradford Hundred, and Part for 
 Great Wenlock Market in Wenlock Hun- 
 dred. The Villages of this Hundred of 
 moft Note, arc, 
 
 Albrightcn, the Manor and Eftate of 
 the Family of Tregoz, of which Family 
 John deTregoz, dying without IflueMale, 
 left this Manor and other Eftates to John 
 la Warre, the Son of Roger la Warre y his 
 Grandlon by Clarice his eldcft Daughter, 
 
 and
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 "and Sibil, the Wife of William de Gran- 
 difon, his Heirs, among whom they came 
 to be parted ; the faid J-ohn la Warre had 
 one Moiety of this Manor of Albrighton, 
 and two Years after, -viz- 3 1 Edw. I. 
 obtained that King's Charter to hold a 
 Court-Leet in this his Manor. He de- 
 parted this Life 21 Edw. III. and left 
 his Eftate to his Grandfon Roger, \vho 
 died poflefled of this Manor, 44 Edw. 
 III. and left it to his Son and Heir J-ohn 
 la Warre, in whofc Family it remam'd, 
 till by the Female Heirs it pafled to Sir 
 Reginald Weft, nponwhom it was fettled 
 by way of Entail. Mr. Cambden tells 
 us, that here was the Seat of Sir Ralph 
 Phhford in the Reign of King Edward I. 
 but in his Time it belonged to the Tal- 
 lotsjfrom whom are defcended the Earls 
 of Shrewsbury. 
 
 Claverky, or Claverleigh, the Manor 
 and Eftate of William Lord Ferrers of 
 Groby, who died poflefled of it, 17 Edw. 
 III. and left it to his Son WilUam y who 
 died feired of it, 44 Edw. III. Henry 
 !Lord Ferren was his Son and Heir, and 
 died poflefled of this Manor, n Rich. 
 II. leaving Henry his Son and Heir, and 
 Joan his Wife, the Daughter of Thomas 
 Poynings, who held in "Dower the third 
 Part of this Manor during her Life, 
 which being longer than her Son Henry's, 
 fhe at her Death left her Part to Wil- 
 liam her Grandfon. His Son Thomas, by 
 marrying Elizabeth, the eldeft Daughter 
 of Sir Baldwin Frevil of TamwOrth-CaJlle, 
 had in her Right the faid Caftle, and 
 the Lands thereunto belonging, and fo 
 by fettling there, became the Original 
 of the Ferrers of Tarn-worth- Cajlle in Staf- 
 fordjbire', and his Son Robert marrying 
 Elizabeth the fole Daughter and Heir of 
 Wittiam Boteler of Wemme in this County, 
 was fummoned to Parliament, under the 
 Title of the Baron of Wemme. Francis 
 Jones, the Son of John Jones, was born 
 in this Parifh ; he was bred up an Ha- 
 berdafher in "London, and there traded 
 fo profperoufly, that he was Lord Mayor 
 of that City in 1620. 
 
 Hemme, the Manor and Eftate of Pe- 
 ter Corbet, who having had a Summons 
 to Parliament from the firft of Edward 
 
 I. to the 1-5 th of Efav. II. died poflefled 
 of this and fevcral other Manors of 
 this County, which he held by Barony, 
 i. e. the Service of five Knights Fees, 
 of all which his Wife Beatrix was joint- 
 ly enfcoffed, to them and to the Heirs 
 of their two Bodies, 
 
 Gorther Over and Nether, two Manors 
 belonging to the above-mentioned Peter 
 Corbet, and fettled upon himfelf, Wife, 
 and the Heirs of their Bodies, as the 
 Manor of Hemme. 
 
 Ryton, or Royton, a Village of no Note, 
 but for giving the Title of Baron to 
 John thefecond Son of Sir William Cra- 
 ven, Knt. Merchant-Taylor, and Lord 
 Mayor of London in 1611, who being 
 much in Favour with his Majefty King 
 Charles I. was by Letters Patent, bear- 
 ing Date at Oxford, 21 March 1643, 
 1 8 Car. I. advanced to the Dignity and 
 Honour of a Baron of this Realm, by 
 Title of Lord Craven of Ryton. He di- 
 ed without Iflue, fo his Honour became 
 extinft. 
 
 Shefnall, or Sheffenhale, the Manor 
 and Eftate of Bartholomew Lord Badlef- 
 mere, for which he obtained, o Edw. II. 
 two Fairs to be kept yearly, viz. one 
 on the Eve, Day and Morrow after the 
 Feftival of the Holy Trinity ; and the o- 
 ther on the Eve, Day and Morrow af- 
 ter the Feaft of St. Matthew the Apo- 
 ftlc, 21 Sept. but we can't find that 
 they are now ufed. 
 
 Sutton-Madock, the Manor of Thomas 
 NevillLord Furnival, who died feized of 
 it, 8 Hen. IV. who left it with divers 
 other Lands and Eftates to his two 
 Daughters and Heirs Maud and Joan* 
 of which Maud married to the famous 
 Sir John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury. 
 
 luang, Toarg, or Tong, the Manor of 
 Morkar Earl of Northumberland, before 
 the Conqueft, in the Reign of EdwartL 
 the Confeflbr ; but after the Conqueft 
 we may reafonably fuppofe it was given 
 to Hugh de Montgomery, who had th 
 greateft Part of this County. In After- 
 times we find Rcger Zouche of Afcfy to 
 be Lord of this Manor of Tonge, an 
 that he did by a fair Deed, under his 
 Seal, on which was his Pourtraiture on 
 M m m ra Horfe-
 
 S ffR <P SHIRE. 
 
 Horfeback in a military Habjt, grant 
 unto Henry Hugefort, and his Heirs, three 
 Yardlands, three Mcfluages, and cer- 
 tain Woods in Norton and Sbxvj. in this 
 Parifb.of Tonge, with Paunage. for a 
 great Number of Hogs in the Woods 
 belonging to this his 'Man,or; alfo Li- 
 berties of. Fifhing in a.11 his Waters 
 ther.e, except in the great Pool of 
 Tonge, with other Privileges, viz- of ^a? 
 thering Nuts in his Woods there, &c. 
 rendring yearly ro him the faid Roger 
 and his Heirs, a Chaplet of Rofes upon 
 the Fealt of the Nativity of St. John 
 I&tptiJ}, in cafe he or they. Ihall be at 
 Tonge, if not, then to be put upon the 
 Image of thehlcffed Virgin in the Church 
 of Tonge, for all Services, Suits of 
 Court, &c. But it feeros as if this Mar 
 nor had been given by him, 'with the 
 Confcnt of Alan his Son, to his Gran.d- 
 Vlaughters. Oralil and Margery, by Wil- 
 liam de Harcourj, becaufe their Father, 
 in the Quarrel between King Henry III. 
 and his Barons, having adhered to the 
 King's Adverfaries,^/4,w.ho had always 
 taken the King's Part, and. on that Ac- 
 count flood in great Favour with him, 
 was forced to ufe all his Intereft to 
 obtain the Redemption of the Lordfhip 
 of Tcngs, and fome other Eftates for 
 them. From thefe Heirs this Manor 
 patted to the Family of Badlefmere, for 
 Bartholomew Lord Badlefmere, procured 
 of King Edward II. a Fair here yearly, 
 upon the Eve, Day and 'Morrow of St. 
 Giles the Abbot, i Sept. .His Pofterity 
 enjoyed it, till IfTue Male 'failing, it 
 was divided among the Female Heir*:, 
 of whom the Eldeft, Maud the Wife of 
 John de Vere Earl of Oxford, had this 
 Kianor for her Part. In later Times 
 the Manor and Caftle was in the Family 
 ojf the Vernons,vfho repaired the later', as 
 they, did alfo the College within the 
 Town, which the Penbriges (as. Mr. 
 C.arnbden tells us) firft. founded. The 
 Inhabitants here boaft of nothing more 
 at prefcnt, than a great Bell, famous 
 in thefe Parts for its Bigncfs.. 
 
 Not far fi;om this Town and Caftle 
 i^ Wfrtladyes, the, Seat of. one Mr. Gif- 
 
 ford i and Boftobel-Grove, fo famous f<tr>- 
 the Oak, in which King Charles II. was 
 concealed after the Battle of Worcefter t 
 when he was fo furioufly pur (bed by his 
 Enemies. The Houfe is a very obfcure 
 Habitation, tho' a fair Building, Hand- 
 ing in the Alidft of the Grove, called 
 Bojcobsll* or fair Wood. Hither the 
 King fled from Worcejler, and being 
 kindly received and entertained, was 
 conduced by the Pendsrelh into the 
 Grove, where, by the Contrivance of 
 Captain Cardeffe, who had lurked there 
 a little before, he was put into the 
 Oak, where he heard and faw his Er 
 ncmies feekjng his.Deftruftion fecurely. 
 When Danger feemed to he paft, the 
 Captain conveyed him from Cottage to 
 Cottage, till he brought him to Mr.. 
 Lane's Houfe in Staffordjbire, where ha- 
 ving repofed.himfclf, a while, and feen 
 the Proclamation for his Apprehenfion, 
 promt/ing a thoufand Pounds to u any 
 that would difcover him, and making it 
 Treafon to conceal him r he made to- 
 wards the Sea, and fo got into France 
 out of his.. Enemies Power ; but not a- 
 'mong 'his' Friends, fave fon?e few he 
 had about him. 
 
 Worvil, or Worfield, the Manor and 
 Eftate of John Lord Hajlings, who died .. 
 poiTeifed of it, 6 Edward II. leaving his 
 Honovir and Ejftate, of which ,thi& Ma.- 
 nor was a Part, tQ his Son and Heir 
 John Lord HaJUngs, who enjoyed it not 
 long; for he died 18 Edw. II. leaving 
 Lawrence his Son and Heir, apd Julian 
 the Daughter and Heir of Thomas de 
 Leylourne his Wife, furviving, who had 
 for her D.owry out of the Lands of he? 
 late Husband John Lord Ha, ft l ings, this 
 Manor, with divers other Eftates.. And 
 becaufe the Aflignment of her Dowry 
 was not made, fb foort as it. ought to 
 have been, fhc obtained from the King 
 a Grant of all the Goods and Chattels 
 at that Time being, upon thofe Land$ 
 and LordPn.ips fo afligned unto her. 
 Lawrence, after her Death, enjoyed this 
 Manor, and being a. Perfou much in, 
 Fgvour with the King for attending him 
 in his Expeditions into Franeg and Han*
 
 S FR 10 '?>## 7 fc ;& 
 
 Sers, tvas declared by him Earl of Pern- Earl Rover de Montgomery, as we fhall 
 
 broke, by reafon of his Defcentfrom Ifa- fhew more at large, in our Hiftory of 
 
 bell the eldeft Sifter and Coheir of Ay- the Monafteries. In later Times Sir 
 
 mer de Valence Earl of Pembroke. He de- f'ohrt Winell, alias Wenlock, inhabited 
 
 parted this Life ^ Ediv> III. and left his here, who has rendred it famous for his 
 
 Lands and Lordmips to his Son John, who brave AHons, and taking his Title of 
 
 alfo died poflefled of this Manor and Lord Wenlock from it. His Parentage 
 
 other great Eftates. His Son Jvbn'Eeurl and Original is not known ; but by his 
 
 of Pembroke, left no Iflue, and fo his E- A&ivenefs he being got into the Favour 
 
 ftate pafled to Reginald Lord Grey of of Queen Margaret, \Vife of King Henry 
 
 Ruthin, who by Elizabeth, Sifter or the VI. was knighted, and became her 
 
 laft John de Raftings, was found to be Chamberlain, and being at the Battle of 
 
 Heir of the whole Blood. There are St. Alban's, fought ftoutly for that 
 
 many Other Villages in this Hundred, King, and was dangeroufly wounded, 
 
 which we pafs over for want of Infor- after which he was employed by him. 
 rnation, and fo proceed to 
 
 and 
 
 VII. 
 
 W K N L o c K Hundred, 
 Franchifes. 
 
 in very important Affairs, which he 
 managed well, and was made a Knight 
 of the Garter; but notwithstanding 
 thefe Favours, when the Duke of York 
 appeared, he fidcd with him ; and when 
 
 This Hundred or Franchife is bounded King Henry was depofed after Totuton- 
 on the Eaft, with the Hundreds of Brim- feld, he was made by King Edward 
 fry and Stottefdon ', on the South, with chief Butler of England, and advanced 
 the Hundred of Overs ; on the Weft, to the Dignity pf a Baron, by the Ti- 
 with the Hundreds of Munjlow and Cttn- tic of Baron Wenlock. He was alfo em- 
 dover ', and on the Nortb^with the Hun- pjoyed in many weighty Matters in this 
 
 King's Reign ; but when Nevill Earl of 
 Warwick, who had advanced K. Edward 
 to the Throne, endeavoured to pull him 
 down, for fomc Difgufts taken, this* 
 Lord took Part with him ; and after 
 the Battle at Barnet, in which that 
 
 South-Bradford. The Fee of this 
 Hundred is, we fuppofe, in the Crown, 
 nd the Sheriff and his Officers govern 
 it. The chief Town from whence the 
 Hundred takes its Name is 
 
 WHNLOCK, a Market-Town, whofe 
 
 Market is on Monday weekly, and Fair Earl was flain, when Queen Margaret 
 <m Mldfitmtner Day 2.4 June, yearly, landed at Weyntoutb, and went to B^- 
 The Manor of this Town was the Eftate lieu Abbey in Hampjhire, he hafted to 
 of Roger Fttz, Corbet, who held it with her, and raifed Forces to aflift her in 
 divers other Lordfliips, of Earl Roger de reftoring King Henry, but mifcarricd in 
 Montgomery -, and gave it to the Monks that Attempt, being flai n at the Battle 
 of Shrewsbury, William and Everard his of Te<wk.sbiiry t fighting ftoutly for 
 Sons confenting thereunto. In the him. 
 
 Saxon Times this Town was remarkable William of Wenlock, Abbot of 
 for a very ancient Nunnery, where Jlsr, was fo named, no doubt, as 
 Milburca a devout Virgin lived and was 
 buried^ about the Year 664. Meroal- 
 dus King of Mercia was her Father, and 
 her this Manor for her Portion. 
 
 gave 
 
 was lo named, no doubt, as Dr. 
 Fuller fays, from his Nativity in this 
 Place. He was Treafurer of England in 
 the Reign of King Edward I. Anno 
 1214, and enjoyed his Abbot's OrRce 
 
 'She built a Monaftery upon, it, and en- lix and twenty Years, wanting 6 Day?. 
 dowed it with the Manor. Her Corpfe He died at Periford. in Ghceflerfare, at 
 was difcovered by the many Miracles his Manor ofPeriford in 1507, and was 
 which are faid to have been wrought buried in his Church at Wefminfier, be- 
 by it. About the Conqueror's Time it fides the High Altar before the Pres- 
 \va$ repaired, and filled with Nuns, by bytery, without the South-Door of 
 
 M m m m z King
 
 644 
 
 S HR T S HT RE: 
 
 King Edward's Shrine, and hath thefe 
 Words for Part of his Epitaph, Abbas 
 Wtthertts non fitit Aujlerus. 
 
 Abton, Abeton, or Aiton was, before the 
 Gonqueft, in the Reign of Edward the 
 Conreflbr, the Manor of Leo/r/V Earl of they were 
 Mercict, hut was forfeited by the Rebel- ver. 
 lion of Edwin his Son, to the Conque- 
 ror, who gave it to Roger de Montgome- 
 ry, whofe Pofterfty held it fome Reigns ; 
 
 Bental, or Benthal, a Manor belonged j 
 to Edward Lord Burnett, who left it 
 with feveral Ettates in this and other 
 Counties, to his Coufins and Heirs 
 Joyce, Catharine and Margery ; but how 
 divided, we cannot difco- 
 
 Rrofely, a Village about 5. Miles di- 
 ftant from Bridgnortb, is famous for a 
 Well, which broke out in the Year 1711, 
 
 Burnetts ; for Edward Lord Burnell died 
 poflefled of it, S Rev. V. and left it to 
 his Coufins and Heirs, who were mar- 
 
 with that Vehemency, that it will pre- 
 fently confume a great Stick, and in 
 lefs than two Hours boil a large Piece 
 of Beef; or you may light Tobacco, 
 or broil Meat at the Flame without a- 
 ny Tafte of the Sulphur, or any Thing 
 offerifive befides. It never ceafes burn- 
 ing after it is once lighted, till the Iron. 
 Cover is taken of, and as foon as that 
 is done, the Flame is cxtinguiflied, and 
 
 but at length came into the Family of the Water of which is of a wonderful 
 
 Nature, viz.. It fends out a Vapour or 
 Steam, which will take Fire, as the Peo- 
 ple near it order it. They lay over it 
 ried; but to which of them this Manor an Iron Cover, with a. femi-circular Hole 
 came upon the Division, we know not. near one Side of it, at which the Vapour 
 In later Times, we find the Lords Lovel being forced to exhale, they fet it on 
 poflefled of it ; but Francis Lord Lovel Fire, by putting a Candle, or fome 
 affifting King Richard III. in Bo/worth other flaming Thing over the Hole, at 
 Field, loft his Ertate by the Vi&ory, which it inftantly takes Fire, and burns 
 and King H*wy VII. having it in his 
 Hands, gave this Manor with divers o- 
 thers, forfeited by the - fame Lord, to 
 jafter Duke of Bedford, which he held 
 in Special Tail for his Life ; but dying 
 without Heirs legitimate, it returned to 
 the Crown, where when it had remained 
 awhile, King Henry VIII. gave it, after 
 the Victory obtained in Floddon Field 
 over the Scots, to Thomas Howard Earl 
 
 of Surrey, whom he alfo at that Time the Water is inftantly as cold as any 
 created, for that good Service, Duke of Spring-water whatfoever. The Plac.es 
 Norfolk, in whofe Pofterity we obferve it adjacent are rich in Coal Mines. 
 to have been with the Advowfon of the Burton, or Burwarton, of no Note but 
 Church, 25 Hen. VIII. and 'tis probable for being the native Place of Sir Tvmo- 
 may ftiil be in the Norfolk Family. thy Baldwin, the Son of Charles Baldwin, 
 
 Aldenham, or Awdevham, the noble of this Place, Gent. He had his Edu- 
 Seat of the ancient and loyal Family cation in All-Souls College, Oxford, where 
 of theAftcns, Baronets. It is lately re- he was Fellow, and continued there till 
 built, and rendred much finer. The the Restoration of King Charles II. when 
 firft Baronet of this Family Sir Edward he was made the Principal of Hart Hall, 
 jlcton, was created in the Year 1643, in ant * afterward btcame Chancellor of the 
 the nineteenth Year of King Claries I. Diocefesof Hereford and Worcejler; one of 
 He was the Grandfather of Sir Edward the Mafters of Chancery; and in 16*70 
 jiff on, Bart, who is the prefent Pof- was created a Knight. He hath pub- 
 fcflfbr, and is, or was lately the Re- lifhed, The Privilege of an Amba/ador, 
 corder of Hrldgnorib. It is remarkable written by v/ay of Letter to a Friend; 
 of this Family of Affons, that 'Jdhri At and, The J^urlfdlflbn of the Admiralty 
 jfffon was- the Sheriff, 33^ 'E'div. I. and of England aftertefa againft Sir Edward 
 Walter Aiton, 5 Car. 1. the Family keep- Coke's Artictill AdmiralttAtis, compofedby 
 ing up rheir Station and Eftatc in this Dr. Zoucloe. The former was compofed 
 Place for fo many Reigns. upon the Occafion of the Portugal Em- 
 
 , 4 baOador's
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 baflador's Brother fantaleonja, who kil- 
 led one Mr. Greenivsy, a Gentleman of 
 Lincolns Inn, &c. about whom it was 
 difputed, whether being a Foreigner, 
 and related to the Embaflador, he 
 could be tried in our Englijh Courts of 
 Juftice ; and it was refolved, that he 
 might, by Dr. Zoucloe and Sir Timothy, 
 two great Civilians ; whereupon he was 
 tried, condemned, and executed on 
 Tower-Hill, Anno 1604, 10 July. 
 
 Heyfhe,* fmall Village,of which Manor 
 Thomas fttz-alan Earl of Arandel, died 
 poflefled of, 3 Hen. V. 1415, but with- 
 out Iflue, whereupon moft of his Lands 
 pafled to his Nephew JoTon, bxit the 
 Earldom of Arundel was not allowed 
 him. 
 
 Marvel, a fmall Village, in which is 
 the Seat of the worfhipful Family of the 
 Weavers. And at a little Diftance is 
 
 RouncUttton, or Round- afton, where is 
 the Seat of the Honourable Whitmore 
 Afton, Efq; late Member of Parliament 
 for the Town of Bridgnorth, and Son and 
 Heir to Sir Edward Afton, Bart, above- 
 mentioned. It is a noble $trurure 
 lately built. 
 
 Walton, or Waliton, the Lordfeip of 
 Edwyn Earl of Mercia, in the Time of 
 King Edward the Confeflbr ; but being 
 forfeited by his Rebellion, was given by 
 the Conqueror to Roger de Montgomery, 
 in whofe Pofterity it continued for 
 fome Time, till Male Iflue failing, it 
 pafled by the Heirs general into other 
 Families; but we find none of them till 
 the Reign of King Henry V. when Erf- 
 ward Lord Bttrnel died poflefled of it, 
 & He. V. and leaving his Eftate to the 
 Heirs general, this Manor came to the 
 Lords Level, of w horn Francis Lord Lovel 
 taking Part with King Richard IH. a- 
 gainft Henry VII. in Bofwortb Field, his 
 Eftate was feized, and among others, 
 this Mauor came into King Henry's 
 Hand ; but further, we know not. 
 
 Wike, or Wlcke, a Manor belonging to 
 EJwin Earl of Mercia, in the Reign of 
 King Edward the Confeflbr, and in the 
 Conqueror's Reign, was forfeited by 
 Ediuiae's Rebellion, and given to Rtger 
 
 * 
 
 de Montgomery, after whom we do not 
 find the Lord of it. We have no fur- 
 ther Account of the Villages of this 
 Hundred, and therefore pafs to 
 
 VIII. The Hundred ofCoNoovER,. 
 or C u N D o -v E R. 
 
 This Hundred on the North, and 
 Parr of the Eaft Side, is bounded by 
 the River Severn, which divides it from 
 the Hundred of Scuth-Bradfard ; and on 
 the other Part of the Eaft, with the 
 Hundred of Wenlock \ on the South, by 
 the Hundred of Munjlaw ; and on the 
 Weft, by the Hundred of Ford, and Li- 
 berty of Shrewsbury. The Fee of this - 
 Hundred we fuppofe to be in the 
 Crown. There is no Market-Town in 
 this Hundred at prefent ; but becaufc 
 
 Condover feems to have been once die 
 chief Town of the Hundred, which on 
 that Account takes its Name from it, 
 we ihall begin with it. It was in- the 
 Reign of King Henry III. in the Crown ; 
 for Join Earl of Chefter dying, without 
 Heirs Male, that King, that fo fair a 
 Dominion fhould not be divided among 
 Women, took the Earldom into his own 
 Hands, and gave the Female Heirs o- 
 ther Eftates of equal or greater Value ; 
 and among others- gave this Manor of 
 Condover, then written Cunedoure, to Adah, 
 the Earl's 4th Sifter, then the -Wife of 
 Henry de Haftings, who fbon after a- 
 lienated it, as we fuppofe ; for in the 
 $th of K. Edward lid's Reign, it was 
 the Eftate of Edward Lord Bume], who 
 having no Iflue Male, left it at his - 
 Death to Maud his Sifter and Heir, 
 then the Wife of Sir J^lon Handle*, who 
 carried the Fee of this Manor into his 
 Family; but the Pofleipon os it and 
 fome other Manors, Part of the faiti 
 Maud's Eftate, was in Al'ivx, the Wi- 
 dow of Edward, as a Dower. . Sir John. 
 HandhWj in the Right of his Wife, be- 
 came Lord Bftrnell ; his Son John, by 
 the faid Maud, inherited both his Mo- 
 ther's Honour and Eftate, and 38 Edw, . 
 III. obtained a Grant of free Warren 
 in this and fome other his Loudfoips in , 
 
 this:
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 this County ; and dying poflefled of it, 
 left it to his Son Edwart, "who dying 
 8 Hen. V. left it to his Coufins and 
 .Heirs Joyce, 'Margery and Catharine ', but 
 to which of them this Manor upon the 
 Divifion came, it doth not appear ; "but 
 -we obferve, that in the Time of King 
 Henry VI. Anno 55. it was the Lordfliip 
 and Eftate of William Lord Lovsl, who 
 died about that Time pofleffed of it, and 
 left it to his Son and Heir John Lord 
 ILove!, who being a firm Adherent to the 
 Houfe of Lancaster againft the Duke of 
 ~York t who then contended with King 
 Henry for the Crown, and doing him 
 goou Services, was made chief Forefter 
 of WicbeforA Foreft, by that King's Let- 
 ters Patent ; but the Duke foon after 
 landing with a confiderable Force from 
 Eurgun'dy, and this Lord with the Lord 
 Scales and Httngerford, flying to the City 
 of "London to engage -the Citizens for 
 King Henry, and being difappointed, 
 was forced to fly to the Tower of London 
 for Safety ; and afterwards the Yorkifts 
 prevailing every where, -concealed him- 
 felf to his Death, when he died pcrf- 
 iefled of this and divers Manors in this 
 and other Counties, which defcended to 
 his Sonand v Heir Francis Lord Lovel. He 
 got into King Edward's Favour, and 
 went with Richard Duke of Glocefter, that 
 King's Brother, againft the Scots, 2,2, 
 "Edia. IV. whereby he merited fb well, 
 that when Richard came to the Throne, 
 he advanced him to the Office of Lord 
 High Chamberlain of his Houfhold, 
 Conftable of the Caftle of Wallingford, 
 and the Honour of St. Waleryes. Thefe 
 Preferments tied him fo faft to King 
 Richard's Intereft, that he adventured 
 himfelf for him in the Battle of Bofwortb 
 Field, againft King Henry VII. who be- 
 ing vi&orious, feixcd his Eftate upon 
 his Flight. He was flain in the Battle 
 of Stoke upon Newark ; but how this 
 Manor was difpofed of, we find not. 
 
 Mr. Cambden tells us, That it appears 
 upon Record, that this Manor was in 
 thofe Times holden of the King in 
 chief, to find two Foot Soldiers for one 
 Day towards the Army raifed to go a- 
 gtuntl Wales t in Time of War, which 
 
 he fays, he therefore thinks proper n> 
 remark for a general Information, that 
 the Gentry in thofe Parts held their 
 Eftates of the Kings of England, by a. 
 Tenure to aid him with Soldiers in De- 
 fence of the Marches, whenfoevcr any- 
 War brokcout between England undWalef. 
 
 This Town is of further Note, for 
 being the Birth-place of Tbotnas Oiven y 
 Son of Richard Owen, Gent, an Inhabi- 
 tant of this Place. He was educated in 
 Univerfity-Learning in Broadgate-Hatt 
 and Chrtft- Church, and from thence re- 
 tiring to Lincoln's Inn, London, did by 
 his unwearied Diligence become a no- 
 ted Counfellor, and was much reforted 
 to for his Advice. In 1590, he was 
 called by Writ to the Degree of a Ser- 
 jeant at Law, and about the fame Time 
 made the Queen's Serjeant, in which 
 Place -he had not been long, but he 
 was made one of the Ju'ftices of the 
 Common Pleas, and executed that great 
 Office with much Integrity, Equity and 
 Prudence. As he was a learned Man 
 himfelf, fo he was an Encourager of 
 fiich as profefled it. All the Writings 
 he has extant are only Reports in the 
 Common Pleas, in which are many- 
 choice Cafes throughly argued by the 
 learned Serjeants, and determined by 
 the grave Judges of that Bench in thefe 
 Times, by which many Differences in 
 the Year-Books are reconciled and ex- 
 plained. Printed at London in 1655. 
 He died in 1 598, and was buried in St. 
 Peter's Church, Wejlminfter, on the South 
 Side of the Quire ; and over his Grave 
 foon after was let a Stone Monument, 
 with his Image in Scarlet Robes lying 
 thereon, and adorned with his Arms, 
 which remains to this Day. He left a 
 Son named Sir Roger Owen, a general 
 Scholar, and Son worthy of Ib good a 
 Father, who in Parliament Ihewed him- 
 felf always a great Friend to the Clergy. 
 
 Affon-Burnell, a Lordfliip belonging to 
 the Burnels, a very honourable Fa- 
 mily in this County, and fo called, be- 
 caufe they had their Seat here, and to 
 diftinguifh it from another Alton in this 
 County called A8on-Pigt. Sir Robert 
 Burnell lived in the Conqueror's Reign, 
 
 and
 
 SHROT SHIRE. 
 
 and his Pofterity flourished long here. Caftle, but the Houle of Commons fat 
 Robert Burnett, 54 Ren. III. obtained that in a Barn, then belonging to the Abbot 
 King's Charter for a Market weekly on of theMonaftcry of Sr. Peter and St.Pz#/, 
 Tttefday, and two Fairs yearly ; one up- at Shrewsbury, which is ftill (landing, 
 on the Eve, Day and Morrow of the and belongeth to Francis Prir.ee, Elq; 
 Feaft of the Annunciation of the Virgin The Statute, which is called the Sta- 
 Mary ; and the other on the Eve, Day tute of Atton-Burnel, was made to en~ 
 and Morrow of St. Michael the- Arch- force the Statute-Merchant for the Pay- 
 angel. How long they continued, we ment of Debts, and fhcweth how a Sta- 
 know not ; but^at prelent there 
 Market, and the Fair, yearly 
 
 is no 
 s now 
 
 kept on Good Friday. The Manor con- 
 tinued in the Family of Burnelh till 
 9 Ediu. II- when Edward Lord Burnett 
 
 tute-Merchant is to be made, and by.. 
 whom ; how Goods are to befeizedand 
 prized for the Payment of Debts ; in 
 what Cafes the Debtor fhall. be impri-- 
 foned, and how maintained in Prifon 
 
 , 
 
 dying without Ifliie Male, left this and in what Cafes- Sureties ihall be obliged 
 his other . Eftates to Maud his Sifter and to pay the Debts of their Principals, 
 
 Heir, who marrying to jFobn de Handlott, and when they are to be exempted, Qv. . 
 
 Robert Burnel, Bifliop of Bath and 
 Wells, was the Son of Robert Burnel, and 
 Brother of Hifgb Burnel, whofe chief ; 
 Seat was in the Caftle of. this Place, 
 He was preferred to the Sec of Bath 
 and Weils by King Edward I. and after - 
 
 transferred her Eftate into his Family, 
 in which it continued till 8 Hen.V. 
 when Edward. Lord Burnell dying with- 
 out Heirs Male, left this Manor and 
 his other Eftates to his. Grand-daugh- 
 ters, jFoyce, Catharine, and Margery. Mr. 
 
 Cambden tells us, that Maud above- made his Treafurer and- Chancellor of 
 mentioned, the Heir of Edward Lord England. He was well verfed in the Wel[b 
 Burnell, married for her firft Husband Affairs, and much ufed by his Prince in 
 John Lord Love!, and fo brought this the managang of them; and that he might - 
 Manor into his Family ; but how it the more effectually attend fuch an Em- 
 doth not apppar; yet .in the Reign of ployment, he removed the Court of. 
 King Henry VI. the Lovells are found in Chancery toBrifot. He got much Wealth 
 Pofleflion of it, and Francis Lord LoveJ, by his great Places, and.with it much en- 
 by adhering to King Richard III. forfeit- riched his Kindred; yet that he might . 
 ed his. whole Eftate ; and King Henry, not leem covetous, he is fuppoVed: 
 VII. being, fettled on the Throne, feiaed to have repaired the decayed Caftle of. 
 it, and gave to Jafter Earl of Bedford, a. this Place, for a Seat for his Family, at 
 Grant in fpecial Tail of this and cer- his own Expence ; and that he mighc , 
 tain other Manors in this County, which not.be thought ielf-inrercfted only, 'he 
 he held for Life; but dying without any built /or his Suceflbrs the beautiful Hall- 
 legitimate Iflue, they all reverted to! at Wells, the biggeftRoom in a Bi (hop's 
 the Crown, and King Henry VIII. gave Palace of any \n England, It was pluck- 
 them almoft all to Thomas How ard Earl ed down in King Ed-ward' Vlth's Reign, 
 of Surrey, whom he alfb created Duke of by Sir J-ckn Gakos, who was afterwards 
 Norfolk &t the lame Time, as a Reward executed for Trealbn. inthe fame Reign, 
 
 of his Valour and Conduct in conquer- When the EngJifu and Weljlj Affairs were 
 ing the Scots in Ploddon-feJd. He lefc it by him fettled to the King's Content, he 
 
 employed this Bi/hop in feme Affairs : 
 relatiug . to Shetland, in the Marches 
 whereof he died, Amis. 12.92, and his' 
 Body being brought up. from thence, 
 was buried in his own Cathedral. 
 
 Belferdine or Bellefwardirte , the Manor,. 
 an.dEfta;e of Nicholas Havdlcu, ,who. af- 
 
 with his other Eftates to his Son, who 
 obtained the Fee of it, and left it to his 
 Pofterity, in whofe Pofleflion we fup- 
 pofe it ftillto be. Here is now an an- 
 cient Caftle. 
 
 This Place is famous , for a. Parlla- 
 nient that fat here the eleventh Year of 
 
 k ** JM.*, MWJ y kll^ ^1V * VMbH J v>MA \J1 U.^J.ia '-i-Jli ti i U Wl j[.Y i(.fs'-'UfJ iJ>*//H*^**y : >Y 4iV- W t 
 
 Edward,}, the Lords lat in- the famed -his Mother's ..Name Bnraell y Lord.
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 He went in an Expedition in- 
 
 648 
 
 Burnett. 
 
 to France with King Edward III. twice, 
 and obtained a Confirmation of that 
 King of the Tmfday Market, and two 
 Fairs at Afton-Bttrnel, and a Charter 
 for free Warren in all his Demefnes 
 here, and fome other his Manors in this 
 
 Eaton, near Pitchforet, the Manor of 
 Sir Edward Lord Burnelf t who left it to 
 his Grand-daughters, as is above-men- 
 tioned of other Manors. 
 
 Harley, a fmall Village, famous for 
 nothing but being the native Place f 
 Silas Donvoilh) alias Tayler, a Committee- 
 
 County, and left it to his Son and Heir Man for Herefordshire in the Time of the 
 
 Sir HughBurneH, whofe San dying with- Rebellion, a bufy Man againft the 
 
 out Heirs, left it to his Grand-daugh- King during the Wars ; but when they 
 
 ters and Heirs, who -were then marry'd ; ceafed, tho' by his Father's Intereft he 
 
 but to whofe Share this Manor came, was made a Sequcftrator inHerefordfiire, 
 
 we know not. and had great Power there; yet he ufed 
 
 Cantlop, or Cantelthorp, a Manor of Sir theRoyalifts fo civilly and obligingly,that 
 
 Edward Burnsl's, the laft Heir Male of he was beloved by all the King's Party 
 
 ^1 _ r* _ _ ' t . f* T1 * 1_ _ 1 t *. i *_ U -. ~Crt h.1. AU t ,*.. ^. U *. ~G*/1 - *. 
 
 His Father bought a good Eftate in 
 Church-Lands, and fettled it upon him, 
 with a Moiety of the Bifliop's Palace of 
 Hereford for a Seat ; but upon the King's 
 Rcftoration he loft all, and was in a 
 manner ruined. But his Civility to the 
 Royalifts had gotten him fuch Friend- 
 ihip among them, that they procured 
 him the Place of Commiflary of the 
 Ammunitions and warlike Provisions at 
 Dunkirk', and five Years after, by the 
 Endeavours of Sir Paule Neile, he was 
 made Keeper of the King's Stores for 
 Shipping and other Marine Affairs,, at 
 Harwich, a Sea-port Town in EJJex, 
 where he died. He was bred a Scholar 
 
 of them fucceflively poflefled of it. at Weftminjler, and Shrewsbury, and ftu- 
 Frands Lord Lovel forfeited his Eftate by died fome Time at the Univerfity, viz- 
 oppofing the Succeflion of Kim 
 
 the Family of Burnel's, who Ifift it to 
 his Grand-daughters, as the former 
 jManor and divers others were. 
 
 Chat-wall, or Chatewall, the Manor and 
 Eftate of the Burnett Family, which 
 from them pafled to the Lovetls ; and 
 being forfeited, was given by King 
 Henry VIII. to the Norfolk Family, as 
 fome other Manors were, of which we 
 hare fpoken above. 
 
 Clee St. Margaret, the Eftate of Hugh 
 Lord Burnett, who dying without Heirs, 
 left it with his other Eftates to the Heirs 
 general ; but this Manor pafled to the 
 Lords Love! ; for William Lord Lovel, 
 bis Son and Heir, died both 
 
 at New Inn, Oxford, but never took any 
 Degree; _yet he had many Accomplifli- 
 ments Scholar-like. He was a great 
 Lover of Antiquities, and had fome good 
 MSS. out of the Libraries of the Ca- 
 
 'Burnell procured a Charter of free War- thedrals of Hereford and Wovcefter, among 
 
 Ten in all his demefne Lands here, ip 
 
 Edward I. and left it to Edward Lord 
 
 Surneli, whofe-Heir Maud carried it to 
 
 Henry 
 
 VII. but we do not find what became 
 of it afterwards. 
 
 Condy or Cunede, the Manor of the 
 Tfttrnel Family, for which Philip Lord 
 
 which was the original Grant of King 
 Edgar, about the Soveraignty of th 
 Sea, and a Treatife in Hieroglyphicks 
 
 Sir John Handku, whofe Pollerity af- finely painted, about the Philofopher's 
 fnmcd the Name of Burnell ; and at laft Stone, for which King Charles II. offered 
 Edward Lord Burnell, left it to his him an hundred Pounds, but he refuted 
 Grand-daughters as above. it. He had good Skill in Mufick, and 
 
 Creffedge, or CreJJets, a Village of no compofed fcveral Anthems and Leflbns, 
 Note, but for the Birth of Thomas Lodge as alfo in the Mathematicfcs, and 
 
 Tongues. He wrote an Hiftory of Ga- 
 velkind, Lend. 166$ ; a Defcription of 
 Harwich', and fome Observations upon 
 
 he was Lord Mayor of that ojpulent fome fpecial Occurrences in our Englijb 
 City in the Ycur 1561. Hiftory, 
 
 the Son of William Lodge, an Inhabitant 
 or ir, who being bred a Grocer in London, 
 was fo profperous in his Bufinefs, that
 
 3 # R P S fflR E. 
 
 649 
 
 Hiftory, be/ides fcvcr.il pamphlets in the 
 Time of the Rebellion, which he would 
 not own. He died in 16/8, and was 
 tnirted in the Chancel at Harwich, much 
 in Debt, fo that his Creditors got his 
 MSS. and Goods. 
 
 Langley, the Seat of the Leas, one of 
 the m eft ancient Families of thefe Parts, 
 is fituated in a woody Park within a- 
 bout a Mile from Afton-Burnell. This 
 Family of Leas is now extin&; but 
 whether the Leas (tlio* they write their 
 Name Leighs} ot Wellington, a Town not 
 far diftant, may not be descended from 
 that Family, may bear a Difpute, be- 
 caufe it often happens that younger 
 Branches of great Families fettle them- 
 felvcs near their Anceftors; and tho' 
 they become mean, yet keep up the 
 Name longer than the hereditary 
 Line. 
 
 Longnor, a fmall Village, fituate on 
 the Severn, where the Family of Burtons 
 have a Seat, which ftands on the other 
 Side of the River in Shrewsbury Hundred. 
 Mr. Burton, who hath written a Com- 
 mentary upon Antoninus 's Itinerary, being 
 a-kin to this Family, relates here a 
 Piece of Antiquity touching this Family, 
 ibmething rare and unufual, which we 
 have thought fit to take Notice of, viz. 
 That the Bitrtons of Shropshire were a 
 Family fomeTime much in Favour with 
 the Houfe of York ; and we find in our 
 Hiftories, that Sir Edward Burton, Knt. 
 ferved that Side in fourteen fet Battles. 
 From him in a direct Line dcfcended 
 Edward Barton, Efq; who had his Seat 
 in this Village. He was a zealous Af- 
 fertor of the Gofpel all Queen Mary's 
 Days ; gnd is by Mr. Fox in his Ah and 
 Monuments of the Church of England, 
 named among thofe, who by various 
 Ways and Means cfcaped the Perfecu- 
 tion carried on in Queen Mary's Days. 
 He being one Day fitting alone in his 
 upper- Parlour at Longnor, meditating on 
 ,the Troubles of the Times, and De- 
 liverances, which himfelf and other 
 Lovers of the Truth had found almoft 
 miraculoufly, tho' many had fuffered, 
 heard a general Ring of all the 
 
 Bells at Shrewsbury, wTi!ch he gueflfed 
 muft be for the AcccfTion of the Lady 
 Elizabeth to the Throne, by the Death 
 of Queen Mary ; yet longing to know 
 the Truth more certainly, and yet not 
 daring to fend any of Ms Servants to 
 enquire, he fent his eldeft Son, being 
 then a Youth of about fixteen Years of 
 Age, ordering him, if it happen to be 
 fo, that he fhould throw up his Hat to 
 gratify his Expe&ation. The young 
 Man finding it ib, did as he was di- 
 rected, which, when his Father ob- 
 ferved, he was fuddenly affeSed wirh 
 fuch Extremity of Joy, for the Libert jr 
 and Comfort that God's People had * 
 Profpcft of, that he prefect! y retired 
 from the Window where he faw the 
 Sign, and much ado recovered his 
 Chair, where he immediately eave up 
 the Ghoft. 
 
 By his la ft Will he had ordered his 
 Burial to be in the Parim-Church of St, 
 Cvadde's in Shrew.'butj, near which his 
 .Seat was; and that no Mafi-monger 
 fhould be prefent at his Interment, which 
 his Friends defigningtoexecute, brought 
 his Corpfe to the Church, but were met 
 there by the Curate Mr. John Marjhall, 
 who laid, that he (hould not be buried 
 in his Church, being an Heretick ; 
 (for the Popifli Pricits were .yet in 
 Place, Queen Elizabeth being crowned 
 the fame Day) one of the Friends of 
 the Dcceafed replied to the Curate, 
 That as to his being an Heretick, God 
 would judge him at the laft Day, &>c. 
 To whom the Curate replied, fudge 
 God, or judge Devil, be Jhould not be 
 buried in his Church, \\hereupon his 
 Friends being forced to carry his Body 
 back again, buried it in his own Gar- 
 dens near the Fifh-Ponds, and let a 
 Monument over him, which being by 
 Time and Negleft much defaced with 
 Rain and Weather, -was upon this Oc- 
 cafion repaired in the Year 1614. 
 
 Edivard Burton, Efq; his Grandfon, 
 having invited to Dinner vSir Andrew 
 Corbet, Lieutenant of Shrofjbire, and 
 divers other Gentlemen of Note, Sir 
 Andrew had a Curiolity to Q*Q t h e Place 
 N n n n where
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 where that holy Man his Anceftor lay 
 interred in his Garden, and finding it 
 much decayed, and out of Repair, 
 blamed his Hoft who was prelent, for dif- 
 fering it to lie fo, and enjoined him fe- 
 rioufly to re-edify the Tomb, that the 
 
 Memory of the holy Man his Anceftor 
 might be preferred ; which being with- 
 out much Difficulty obtained, he pro- 
 mifed to be the Poet to make the Epi- 
 taph, which was this that follows : 
 
 Here lietb tbe Body of Edward Burton, Efquire, who deceafed 
 Anno Domini 1558. 
 
 Was't for denying Chrift, or fome notorious Fat, 
 That this Man's Body Chriftian Burial lack't ? 
 Oh no. (not fo) His faithful true Profeffion 
 Was the chief Caufe, which then was held Tranfgrcflion. 
 When Popery here did reign, the See of Rome 
 Would not admit to any fnch a Tomb 
 Within their Idol Temple Walls. But he, 
 Truly profefling Chriftianity, 
 Was like Chn'ft Jefus in a Garden .laid, 
 Where he Jnall reft in Peace, till it be laid, 
 Come, faithful Servant, come, receive with me 
 A juft Reward for thy Integrity. 
 Set up in 1 614 
 
 This Epitaph was turned into Latin 
 Verfe by Mr. T>urton himfelf, who re- 
 paired the Tomb; but Shewing more 
 Affcftion than Art, we omit it : Upon 
 the Stone of this Monument is engraven 
 very handfomely this Coat of Arms. 
 The Field quartered Azure and Purpure 
 Counter-changed, a Golden Crols en- 
 grailed, between four Roles argent, 
 vhich the Heralds at Arms tell us, was 
 given to Sir Edward Burton of Lor.gnor, 
 by King Edward IV. who was with that 
 .King fucceiiful in fourteen feveral let 
 Battles between the Houfes ofTWfcarid 
 Lancaster, and for his great Service 
 therein was created Knight Banneret in 
 the Field under the Royal Standard, by 
 the faid King, Anno 1460. 
 
 Lytle, Lydom, or Lytbem, the Lordfliip 
 and Eftate of J J:ri Ckerlton Lord Pewit, 
 who died pofleflcd of it, 48 Ediv. III. 
 and left it to his Son aqd Heir J-cbn 
 Lord Pmuis, who was Juftice of Nortk- 
 Wales, and 'died 3 Hen. IV. leaving this 
 Manor wirh hi* other Eftares, to E '- 
 <ward his Son and Heir, whole Heirs 
 *crc Jean and JJ(e t his two Daugh- 
 
 ters ; bur which of them had this Ma- 
 nor, we find not. 
 
 Norton juxta Condover, a Town, whofe 
 Manor belonged to Ed-ward Lord Bur- 
 nett, who died 9 Edw. II. and left this 
 Lordlhip and many ' other Eftates to 
 Maud his Sifter, who hnd been married 
 in his Life-time to John-Lord Lovel, and 
 at his Death was the Wife of John de 
 Handlou. She had a Daughter by the 
 Lord Love?, named Jonn, and leveral 
 Children by Join de Handlou, whofe Son 
 by her inherited the Baronv of -BttrntJin 
 her Right, and the Bulk of' her Eftate ; 
 but how this Manor was diipofcd of, we 
 no where obfervc. 
 
 Pitchford, the Manor and Eftate of 
 the Pitchfortls, who took their Name Ae 
 Pitchford from it. They were an an- 
 cient and gentile Family, but now are 
 extinft. In the Reign of King Henry 
 V. this Manor was in the Pofleflion of 
 Edward Lord Kurnefl, Tvho left it to his 
 general Heirs ; but to which it paflVd 
 in the Divifion, we know not. It hath 
 for two Centuries or more been the Po-1- 
 fefton of the Family of Oathyi^ who 
 
 have
 
 SHR <P 
 
 hare been fome of them Perlbns of Note 
 in this County ; for William Oatley was 
 Hieh Sheriff for this County in 1 5 Hen. 
 VII. and 5 Hen. VIII. and Rob. Oatley 
 was in Mr. Cambden's Time Lord of 
 this Manor. Our Anceftors tell us, that 
 this Place is called Pitchford, from a 
 Spring of Pitchy Water in this Place ; 
 for in thofe Days they knew no Diftinc- 
 tion between Pitch and Bitumen, of 
 which there is a Well in a poor Man's 
 Yard that yields ftill fome of it, as we 
 fhall fhcw more largely in our Natural 
 Hiftory. 
 
 fyace-dinas, now called flajhy, the Ma- 
 nor and Eftate of Edward Charlton Lord 
 Ponvis, who died poflefled of it, 9 Hen. 
 V. and left it to his two Daughters, 
 Joan, married to Sir John Grey; and 
 Joyce, married to Sir John Tiptoft; but 
 to which of them this Manor upon the 
 Divifion came, we are not yet able to 
 difcover. ^ . 
 
 Poivderbach, or Pulreba<h, a Cattle in 
 this County, of which William deCante- 
 lupe was made Governor by King John, 
 Reg. 6. It is now in Ruins, and was 
 formerly called Purle-bach. It was the 
 Seat of Sir RalpbButler, a younger Son of 
 Ralph Lord Botele r ofWemme, from whom 
 the Butlers of Woodhall in the County 
 of Herefordshire derive their Pedigree. 
 
 Pulley, or Pulliley, the Lordfhip of 
 Edivard Lord Burnell, who left it, as 
 many other Eftates, to his Grand- 
 daughters above-mentioned; as he did 
 alfo 
 
 Smethecote, another Manor of his in 
 this Hundred. 
 
 Willey, a little Village, where is the 
 ancient Seat belonging to the Family of 
 the Welds ; as alfo near it a fine new 
 ere&ed Struture, called Cougbley, be- 
 longing to the Family of the Bray;;/, 
 Gentlemen. Thefe are all the Villa- 
 ges of which we meet with any Thing 
 remarkable in this Hundred, and fo we 
 
 proceed to 
 
 . 
 
 IX. The Hundred of F o R D. 
 
 This Hundred of Ford is bounded on 
 the Eaft with the Hundred of Condover, 
 
 C TJ T T) 77 
 J rt JL J\. JTL. 
 
 and Liberty of Shrewsbury ; on the South, 
 with the Hundred of Chirbury ; on the 
 Weft, with Montgomeryshire in Wales ; 
 and on the North, with the Rix'er Se- 
 vern, which parts it from the Hundreds 
 of Ofiveflry and Fimlill. Tha Fee of 
 this Hundred is, we fuppofe, in the 
 Crown ; there is no Market-Town in it, 
 being not far from Shrewsbury. The 
 chief Village is 
 
 For.i, becaufe the whole Hundred is 
 named from it. It was the Manor and 
 Eftate, in the Reign of Edward the 
 Confeflor, of Edwin Earl of Mercia, 
 who rebelling againft the Conqueror, 
 was flain, and his Eftate feized and 
 given to Roger de Montgomery, from whofe 
 Poltcrity it pafled to the Alditbleys, or . 
 Audleyi, in the Reign of King Henry III. 
 for we obferve, that Henry Lord Audley 
 obtained that King's Charter for a free 
 Warren in this and fome other his Ma- 
 nors in this County, 37 Hen. III. and 
 left it fo privileged to his Son James 
 Lord Audley, in whofe Family it con- 
 tinued for divers Succeflions ; for an- 
 other James Lord Audley died poflefled 
 of this Manor, 9 Rich. II. and left it, 
 with divers others Eftates, to his Son 
 Nicholas, who dying without Iflue, left 
 it with his other Pofleflions to John 
 Tuchet, his Sifter Joan's Grandfon, and 
 Margaret his Sifter, the Wife then of 
 Sir John Hilary, Knt. being his next 
 Heirs. 
 
 Brocards Cajlle, which flood between 
 the Streetons in a Valley, encompafled 
 with Meadows, which formerly were 
 Fim-ponds. It is now nothing but 
 Ruins, and goes commonly by the 
 Name of Broiv-CaJlle, as it is called in 
 our Maps. 
 
 Caus, or Caos, one of thofe twenty- \/ 
 four Lordftu'ps, which Roger de Corbet/ 
 held of Roger de Montgomery, and which 
 Robert his Brother, who held divers 
 other Lordfti.ips in this County of the 
 fame Earl, inherited after his Brother 
 Roger's Death. He left his whole Eftate 
 to his Son Robert, who, i Job. obtained 
 that King's Charter for a Market every 
 -Week upon Wednesday, at this his Ma- 
 nor of Caus, where he had a Caftle ; 
 N n n n z but
 
 652. 
 
 S H R T S H I R E. 
 
 butbecaufe his Son Thomas took Part 
 with the rebellious Barons at the later 
 End of King John's Reign it was feized 
 into the King's Hands, as it remained all 
 the reft of that King's Reign ; but when 
 King Henry III. came ro the Crown, 
 Thomas having made his Peace, and 
 doing his Homage, had Reftitution of 
 the Caftle ; but dying ibon after, left it 
 to his Son and Heir Tbontas. In his 
 Time there v<as an Inquifition made 
 about the Bounds of the Foreft de Hays-, 
 and ir was found, that this Manor of 
 Cans with the A p per finances, the Ma- 
 nors of Wcrttyn, Horton, Munfterlelgh, 
 TCoketull and Wentexcttre, were out of the 
 Bounds of it. He died the id of King 
 Ed-zv. I. being then feized of this Ma- 
 Manor of CausAnd the above-mentioned 
 Appertinances, and lefc it to his Son 
 Peter, as he alib did to his Son of the 
 fame Name, 8 Ediv. II. But Beatrix 
 the Wife of this laft Peter, having been 
 jointly enfeotfed with him in the Ma- 
 nor of CMS and its Appertinances, held 
 them all for Life; and for want of Heirs 
 of their Bodies, the whole pafled by the 
 Marriage of Alice the Sifter of the laid 
 Peter, to Robert de Stafford and his I flue ; 
 but there happening a pretty long In- 
 terval between the Death of the lair, 
 Peter de Corbet, and the Poflef- 
 fion obtained by Ralph de Stafford, -viz. 
 above 30 Years, it appears that Sir 
 John de Leybourn was fome way entitled 
 to them ; for in 7 Edw. Ill, he obtained 
 a Charter for free Warren in all his 
 etemefne Lands throughout hisLordfhips 
 of Cattx, Worthy n y &c. but died with- 
 out Iffue, and lo they carne to the right 
 Weirs; for 
 
 This Robert de Stafford being thus en- 
 titled to this Manor of Cans, with the 
 Appertinances, which was held by 
 j&arony by the Service of five Knights 
 Jees; his Grandlbn Ralph came into 
 Foffeflion of them about 21 Ed'-jy. III. 
 but not without fome Opposition from 
 the Husbands and Heirs of the younger 
 Sifters of Alke, which Conrroverfy bein- 
 feon entled> Ralfb had the quiet Pof- 
 cf *JJ> which he died fcited of, 
 
 46 Edw. III. and lefc them to his Sort 
 and Heir Hugh de Stafford, from whom 
 they all defcendcd to his Heirs in a 
 lineal Succeffion, down to the Reign of 
 King Charles I. when Henry Lord Stafford, 
 leaving only one Daughter and Heir- 
 Mary, Sir William Howard, Knight of 
 the Bath, marrying her, inherited her 
 Ertate, and in her'Right and Tirle was 
 created Vifcounc Stafford by the faid 
 King. 
 
 Lee, the Manor of WlU'ictm Mwtxrrtte 
 Earl of Salisbury, \vhodied in PolTeifion 
 of it, 9 Rich II. leaving Sir JJ:n Mon- 
 taiute, Knt. his Conlm and ne-xt 
 Heir. 
 
 Minfterkigh, or Mhtperley, tlie Manor 
 and Eiidte of Thomas de Corbet, in whoib 
 Poffeflion, while ir remained, there was 
 an Incjuifition made about the Bounds 
 and Limits of the Foreft of H'fyts, and 
 it was found that this Manor was- our of 
 the Bounds of the Foreft. This Thomas 
 died 2 E J -:u. I. in Poflcflion of this Ma- 
 nor, and lefr it to his Son and Heir 
 Peter, at whofe Death it parted to I/ers- 
 trlx his Widow for Life, beeaule fhc 
 was cnfeoffcd of it with him in his Life- 
 time. Robert de Stafford' having married 
 ATice the Eldeft of the Coheirs to Peter 
 <ke Corbet, was entitled to the Reverfi-on 
 of this Manor, as a. Member of the Ba- 
 rony of C/ttts ; (as is above faid'in Cam} 
 but in the Space between Purr's Death 
 and Ralph dg Stafford's taking Poflofiion, 
 Sir jFohn de JLeybcurne had the Pefleffion: 
 of it, and obtained a Charter of free* 
 Warren in ail his. dcmcfne Lands, be- 
 longing to the Barony of Cans, as is a- 
 forefaid. 
 
 Pcnteslury, the Lordfhip of John de 
 Clierlton Lord POO//J, who, I Edw. IT. 
 obtained of that King a Charter of 
 free Warren in all his demefne Land, 
 and next Year had a Confirmation of 
 this Manor, fome time belonging to- 
 Ri.iefi ap How el, ro hold in general Tail 
 by the Services due for the fame. He 
 died 27 Edw.. III. being then pqfleflcd 
 of thi.s Manor of Prntejbitry, -and leaving 
 it with divers other Eftates to J-otin his 
 Son and Heir, by whom it pafied : to. 
 adj . another
 
 P SHIR E. 
 
 another John> an d by him to Edward 
 the laft Heir Male of this Family, who 
 left it to his two Daughters, Joan and 
 Joyce, the Eldeft of which being mar- 
 ried to Sir John Grey, carried this Ma- 
 nor into his Family, which held it di- 
 vers Succeffions, till ir defcended to 
 Ed-ward Lord Grey, who accompanying 
 the Duke of Suffolk in the "Expedition 
 made 'into Fra?~e, i 5 Hen. VIII. made 
 this Settlement of this Manor and other 
 hisEftatcs, together with his Barony of 
 Pow-s, viz- ripon the Heirs of his own 
 Body lawfully begotten, or to be begot- 
 ten; and for want of fuch Heirs, upon 
 Jane Qrvj?ii, the Daughter of Sir Lewis 
 Orwell, Knt. or her Afligns, during her 
 natural Life ; and in cafe he mall chance 
 to die without any legitimate Iflue of 
 his own Body, then 2?fcy,W Grey, his 
 illegitimate Son, by the faid Jane Or-tvzH, 
 fhall have and enjoy the faid Eftates to 
 him and the Heirs of his Body lawfully 
 begotten; and for lack of fuch IfTuc, to 
 remain to that Child, in cafe it be a 
 Son, with which the faid Jane Orwell is 
 with Child, and the Heirs of his Body 
 lawfully begotten ;and for want of fuch 
 Heirs, to his two Daughters Jane and 
 Anne, and their Heirs lawfully begot- 
 ten; and for want of fuch Heirs, to fuch 
 Woman-Child as fliall be born of the 
 aforefaid Jane Orwell. He married one 
 of the Daughters of Charles Brandon 
 Duke of Sttffbfa, but by her had no 
 Jffue. 
 
 This Place is famous for the Births 
 of two eminent Perfons. i. Corbet Owen, 
 Son of William O^iven of this Place, 
 Minifter of it. He was educated in his 
 firft Rudiments of Grammar at a pri- 
 vate School at SBrewsBxry, under one 
 Mr. Scofcld, a loyal Parfon, and pro- 
 fited much under him ; but being much 
 aflli&ed with the King's Evil, he was 
 taken from this Matter, and fcnt into 
 prance to be touched by King Charles II. 
 then in Exile ; at his Return he was 
 admitted into WeJlmir.Jlrr School, and 
 from thence went to Chrifl-Chttrth, Oxford. 
 While he was at Wejlminjier, 'twas xifual 
 T&iih him to ipeak 40 or. 50 elegant Vcr- 
 
 fes upon half an Hour's Thought. Be- 
 ing admitted to* Chrifl- Church^ he was 
 ele&ed Student in 1 664, and foon be- 
 came an accurate Proficicnt^n Philo- 
 phy; and then proceeding to the Study 
 of Pbyfick, made fuch a wonderful 
 Progrefs in that Art, that had he lived, 
 'tis probable he would have exceeded all 
 of that Profeffion in his Time. He was 
 a moft forward Perfon for all polite 
 Learning, not equalled by any of his 
 Standing and Age in t! e Univerfity, 
 being furnimed with a ftrong Memory,. 
 cxa& Judgment, and clear Wit. He 
 died, to the great Grief of all that 
 knew him, 18 Jan. 1670, and was bu- 
 ried at Condover in Shrotyire, in the 
 Church. He made a Poem upon the 
 SMdonian Theatre, printed Oxford \ 669, 
 and left feveral others in Manufcript. 
 
 2. Edward Corbet, of the ancient Fa- 
 mily of Corbet s, in this County. He was 
 a MUifter of Arts in Merton College, was- 
 Pro&or of the Univerfity in 1638, and 
 having married the Daughter of Sir 
 Nathaniel Brent, was made one of thfr 
 Ailembly of Divines, a Preacher before- 
 the Long Parliament, by which he was- 
 appointed one of the Preachers and 
 Vidtors of the Univerfity, (but never or 
 very rarely appeared among the lafty 
 Univerfity Orator and Canon of Chrjjl- 
 Ckurcb, in the Room of Dr. Hammond ; 
 (but left them foon, out of Confcience> 
 and at length Reftor of Great Hafety in 
 Oxfordfiire, where he continued to the 
 Time of his Death, which happened 
 5 Jan. 1657, Atat. 55. and was buried 
 by his Wife in Hafeley Chancel, over 
 whom he had before laid a Marble 
 Stone. There are feveral Things of his 
 in Print. 
 
 Rotvton, a very ancient Village, fitu- 
 ate upon the \\cftern Borders of the 
 Shire, not far from the Severn Banks. Ir 
 was anciently the Lordfhip of the Fa- 
 mily of the Corbets ; but now it is the 
 Eftate of the ancient Family of Lifters, 
 which came to them from the L'EJiran- 
 ges of Knocking out of ill Will to whom 
 Leolin Prince of Wales ra-?,cd it to the- 
 Grcmnd, as we read in the Life of Sir
 
 F1k Rte-,vw. It flouriflied by the 
 fame Name it now bears in the Romans 
 Time, being called Rutunium by Ante- 
 n'tius, of which Mr. Cambden is fo con- 
 fident, that he fays he can't be milta- 
 kcn, fmce as well the Diftance as the 
 Name, which Antoninus defcribes it to 
 be from the famous Town of Uriconium, 
 or Wroxeter, fo exactly anfwer. 
 
 -Strettons, or the Street Towns, becaufc 
 they are fituate upon Watlingjlreet, as 
 v,ve may obferve ; there are divers Towns 
 fo called in other Counties, through 
 which the fame Street pafleth, for the 
 fame Reafons. One or all thefe Vil- 
 lages were the Eltate of Edwin Earl of 
 Mercia, in Edward the Confeflbr's Time ; 
 but being forfeited to the Conqueror by 
 his Rebellion, were given to Roger de 
 Montgomery ; bur were in the King's 
 Hands, 17 Hsn. III. for that King not 
 being willing that the Palatinate of 
 Cdefter fhould fall into the Hands of 
 Women, who were the only Heirs of 
 J'obn Ear) of Cbefier, agreed with them 
 for other Eftates of equal Value, and 
 fa keeping that Earldom in his Difpofal, 
 gave, among other Lands, this Manor 
 of Stretton to Ada. rhe fourth, and 
 youngeft of the laid jfokn's Heirs, who 
 was married to Henry de Hajlings ', but it 
 cfcqtinued not long in his Pofiefiion ; 
 for Tft the fame Reign it was given by 
 the fauve King to Hubert de Burgh Earl 
 of >>:*; but he falling into Difgrace, 
 rhe King recalled all his Grants, and 
 his Son J-obh inherited only his Father's 
 and Mother's Lands. 
 
 Francis Tkynne, or at the bin, the Son 
 of Thomas at the Inn, is an Honour to 
 this To\vn, being born here. He was 
 defcendcd of an ancient Family, edu- 
 cated at Ttinbrldge School, under Mr. 
 John Frotfor, and from thence fent to 
 Oxford, where rot much affecting Logick, 
 and the ufual Sciences taught in the 
 Univcrftty, he betook himfelf to the 
 delightful Studies of Hiftory and Ge- 
 ncnlofics, in which he became fo great 
 a Proficient, that he was preferred to 
 one of the Offices of Arms, called 
 laanch-Lyon, and after to that of Lar.- 
 
 cafler, in which he died. He hath writ- 
 ten The Annals of Scotland from 1571 to 
 1586, printed Land. 1586, A Catalogue 
 of the Englfjh Cardinals ; The PerfeEl 
 Embajfadtr ; and feveral MSS. from 
 which divers Writers, as Bifliop Godwin, 
 Rob. Glover, and others, have ex traded 
 Materials for their Works. 
 
 Wattlesbury, a Village whole Manor 
 did anciently belong to the Corbets, 
 from which Family it at length pafled 
 to the Leightons, who are of an honour- 
 able Defcent. It fcems to have taken 
 its Name from the Confular Way, and 
 King's Road, called Watlingftreet, which 
 goes by this Place thro' the Strettons a- 
 bove-mentioned, into the fartheft Parts 
 of Wales, (as Radulpbus Cejlrenfis tells us) 
 Thefc are all the Villages of this Hun- 
 dred, in which we have difcovered any 
 Thing remarkable ; and therefore we 
 go on to 
 
 X. The Hundred of C H i R B u R v. 
 
 This Hundred of Cherlury lies on the 
 Weftern Side of the County ; and on 
 the Weft of it is bounded with Montgo- 
 meryjhire in Wales ; and on the South 
 with the Hundred of Pttrjlow, which 
 with the Hundred of Ford inclofeth the 
 Eailern and South Side. The Fee of 
 this Hundred belonged, iS Edw. III. to 
 Roger Mortimer Earl of Mar;b, and re- 
 mained in his Family till Iflue Male 
 failing in Edmund Mortimer, 3 Hen. VI. 
 his great Eftate, of which this Hundred 
 was a Part, pafled to Richard Duke of 
 York, the Son of his Sifter Anne, who 
 was by Inquifition found to be his Cofin 
 and next Heir, by whofe Heirs it came 
 to the Crown, in which we fuppofe it 
 now to be. There is no Market- Town 
 in this Hundred ; the Villages of Note 
 arc, 
 
 Chirbury, the Manor of which, toge- 
 ther with the Hundred, was the Eltate 
 of Roger Mortimer Earl of Man h, 28 ' 
 Edw. III. and continued in that Family 
 till Iflue Male failing, it pafled to 
 R'uhard Duke of York, as the Hundred 
 did, and we fuppofe remains in the 
 
 Crown.
 
 H RO P SHIRE. 
 
 But the chief Glory of this Town is, 
 that it gave a Title of Honour to Sir 
 Edward Herbert, Knight of the Bath, a 
 Branch of the Herberts Earls of fent- 
 
 Crpvm. Here was an ancient Caftle Of the Expedition of the Duke of Buck- 
 built by JEtbeljleda, a Lady of the Mer- Ingham into the Ifle of Rex, Loud. i6$6. 
 dans ; lor in the Saxon Chronicle (he is Montgomery Caftle in Wales was his Seat, 
 faid to have ere&cd a Caftle at and being demolished by Order of the 
 Cypi&bypiS, which has a near Rela- Long Parliament, he obtained Satisfac- 
 tion to Cberbttry in the very Writing, tion for it, but never rcftored it. He died 
 wanting only an h to compleat it in the * n '648, an d was buried in the Chancel 
 Norman Language ; and the Condition of St. Giles's in the Fields, and had a plain 
 of the Place anfwering fb well to her Marble Stone laid upon his Grave* 
 Dcfign, which was to lecure her Do- with an Infcription denoting his Honour, 
 minions from the Incurllonsof the Wetjh, Writings, and Time of his "Death. 
 nothing can render it 'more probable. Richard Lord Herbert of Cblrbury, fuc- 
 
 cecded him in his Honour and Eftate. 
 He was very faichful and ferviceable to 
 King Charles I. in his Troubles, raifin^ 
 a Regiment of Poor, and Troop of 
 broke, who was created by his Majcfty Horfe, at his own Charge, and recruit- 
 King Charles I. Lord Herbert of Qrirlury. ing them from Time to Time. He was 
 He was educated in Univerfity Cotteze, Succeeded by 
 
 Oxford; and afterwards having travelled, Ekvard Herbert Lord Cbir'ntry, his Son. 
 and for fame Years been engaged in and Heir. His Loyal cy appeared in his 
 military Affairs, became fo well acconi- Endeavours to reftore King Carles II.- 
 plimed, that he was made a Knight of to his Throne by his own Intereft, and 
 the Bath at King James Id's Coronation, Relations; but being betrayed, ft ruck in 
 and afterwards taken into that King's w ' Cn Sir George Booth, afterwards Lord 
 Council for military Affairs; fent an pel<yner t and his Cltfjbire Men, who were 
 Ambaflador to Lewis XIII. King of indeed unfuccefsful, but no lefs zealous 
 France, to mediate for the Proteftants, fr his Majefty's Right. He left no 
 which Office he fo well difchargcd, that HTue, tho' he had two Wives, and fo 
 he was made Lord Herbert of Cattle- IJland was fucceedcd by his Brother 
 in Ireland, where he had a fair Eftate. Henry Robert Lord Cblrbury, in 1679. 
 When King Charles Ift's Troubles from He had been a Captain of a Troop of 
 
 his Parliament came on, he afiifted his 
 Majefty in Council and Arms, and on 
 that Account \vas created a Baron of 
 England, by the Stile and Title of Lord 
 Herbert of Cblrbury, 7 May, 5 Car. I. He 
 was not only an able Statefman, and 
 
 Horfe, in the Regiment of hi; Highncis 
 James Duke of York, afterward King 
 James II. but we find not that he left 
 any IfTue, and fo the Honour is ex- 
 tin a. 
 
 Acton Pigot, the Manor and Eftate of 
 
 faithful Subjeft, but a learned Philofo- Edward Lord Burnel, who leaving no 
 pher, Divine and Hiftorian, as his-Wri- Ifluc, this Lordfiiip and his other E- 
 tings fliew, viz. ftates went to the Heirs general ; and io 
 
 His Philofophical Traft, De Veritate, this Manor pafled to John Lord Leyc!, 
 or of Truth, fo much admired in other as defcended of Joan the Daughter of 
 Nations, that it hath been translated in- Alice Burml, in whofe Poftcriry it re- 
 mained, till I flue Male failing, his E- 
 ftate fell to Joan and tfridtfcolde, his Co- 
 fins, who were married, the firft to Siy 
 Brian Stapteton, the other to Sjr Edwwd . 
 Harris. 
 
 ErJbamptcn, or Eramton, a Village-, 
 theManor of which 
 
 to fundry Languages, printed in 1658. 
 
 De c aajt s Error um & Religivne Laid; or, 
 Of the Caufes of Error, and of the Re- 
 ligion of a Layman, with an Appendix 
 to Priefts, and fonie Poems. Land. 
 1645. 
 
 The Life and Reign of King Henry 
 YIII. Lend. 1^49, and. i6/z 
 
 r Edward Lord "Duniell died 
 
 ct
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 of it, 8 Hen. V. and leaving no Heir of 
 his Body, his Eftate dcfcended to his 
 three Cofins, Joyce, Margery and Catha- 
 rine ; but to which of them this Manor 
 went upon the Division, we do not 
 know, nor are we informed in whom it 
 now is. 
 
 Bynivejloriy or Bynneivejion, the Manor 
 and Eftate of Peter de Corbet, which he 
 died poflefled of; but his Wife Beatrix 
 iuryiving him, and being enfeoffed with 
 him in this Manor and divers others, 
 held it for her Life, after which it 
 palled in Marriage with Alice his Coheir 
 ro Ralph Lord Stafford ; but in the mean 
 Time Sir John He Leybourne was poflefled 
 of it ; for, 7 Edw. III. it appears that he 
 obtained a Charter for free Warren in 
 nil his demefhe Lands in this and fome 
 orher of his Lordfhips in this County, 
 after whom it is probable it returned to 
 the Family of Ralph Staffed, 
 
 Bromley i the native Place of Sir Tho- 
 mas Bromley, who being made Loid 
 Chancellor after Sir Nicholas Bacon, ma- 
 naged that great Place with fuch Pru- 
 dence, Integrity and Learning, that 
 
 that Court was not fenfiblc of any con- 
 fiderable Alteration, He held the Place 
 about nine Years, and died Anno Domini 
 1587, not <Jo Years old. 
 
 Httckftovo-Forefl, or HackJlow-Foreft, is 
 large, and fetcheth a great Compafs 
 between the Mountains, and in it at 
 Stlperjton-hitt, great Heaps of Stones and 
 little Rocks (as it were) appear very 
 thick ; the Weljb call them Carneddau 
 Tewfon ', but becaufe they feem natural, 
 Mr. Camhden fays, He dare not fo much 
 HS conjefture, rhac thefe among others 
 were the Stones which Glraldus Cambren- 
 Jis defcribes in this Manner: " Harald, 
 the laft Foot Soldier, with a Company 
 of Foot lightly armed, and flocked 
 with fuch Provifion as the Country 
 afforded, marched both round the 
 whole County of Wales, and through 
 and through if, infomucli that he 
 fcarcely left any alive behind him. 
 In Memory of which total Defeat, 
 he threw up many Hillocks of Stones, 
 after the ancient Manner in thofe 
 " Places, where he obtained Victories, 
 " with this Infcription on them : 
 
 K/C 7V IT VICTOR H A R A L D V S ; i.e. 
 Here Har.ild was Conqueror. 
 
 
 Marion, the Manor of Sir John de 
 Leybcurn, for which, among orher Ma- 
 nors, he obtained of King Edward III. 
 Reg. 7. a Charter of free Warren in all 
 his dcmefne Lands throughout this his 
 Lordfhip. He departed this Life az 
 Edw. III. without Iflue. 
 
 Sheve, or Shelve, the Alanor and E- 
 ftateof Peter Corlet, who dying without 
 Iflue, left his Eftate to his three Sillers, 
 Alice, Venice and Emme; but Beatrix his 
 "Widow being cnfeofted of this Lordfhip, 
 with fome other Eftaccs,in his Life-time, 
 enjoyed them during her Life; after 
 which, ''Ralph Lord Stafford marry- 
 ing the Eldeft, was Heir to a third 
 Pan; but in the Interval Sir John Ac 
 Leybottrn was found poflefled of this and 
 other Lands belonging to the Corbets, 
 and obtained a Charter of free Warren 
 
 in all his demefnc Lands belonging to 
 them. He died without Iflue ; and it 
 doth not appear who had thefe 'Eitatas 
 after him. Many orher Villages there 
 are in this Hundred, which for want of 
 Information we omit ; and fo pals to 
 
 XI. The Hundred of CLUN. 
 
 This Hundred of Clun lies at the tit- 
 moft Borders of the County Southward 
 and ftands out into Wales fomething like 
 a Promontary. It is bounded on the 
 Eaft by the Hundred of Purjlow ; on the 
 South by Radnorshire in Wales .; on the 
 Weft partly by the fame Shire, and 
 fAtmtgotneryfbfre in Wales nlfo, which al- 
 fo inclofeth the North Side. The Fee 
 of this Hundred we can't find in whom 
 it is, and Ib luppofe it in the Crown. 
 
 Here
 
 Here is no Market-Town, and we muft 
 account the Principal Village to be 
 
 Clun, Clone, or Colun, becaufe the 
 Hundred takes its Name from it, as the 
 Town it felf doth from its Situation 
 upon the River Colun, called by the 
 Weljh Colunwj, but for Shortness Clutt. 
 The Manor and Lordfhip ofthis Town 
 was the Eftate of Elias de Say, defcend- 
 ed from Picot ds Say, whofe Poftcrity 
 were called Says of Riccard's Caftle in 
 Herefordshire. This Picot was. one of 
 Ro^er de Montgomery's principal Barons, 
 and held divers Lands and Lordfhips 
 under him, of which Helias de Say his 
 Defcendant, was Lord of Clun. He lived 
 in King Stephen's Days, and having but 
 one Daughter Ifabel his fole. Heir, fhe 
 after his Death became Lady of this 
 Manor of Cln- She firft married Wil 
 litim- Brtertll, by whom fhe had no 
 Child, and out-living him, married a- 
 gain to Wilfiam Fitz-alan, who by her 
 Marriage became Lord of Clun, and 
 leaving a Son of the fame Name by her, 
 rhis Manor parted to their Poftcrity, 
 who '& 7 joy ing the rame Lordfhip, were 
 railed. Fttz-alans of Chin, to dift'inguifli 
 them from other Families of the lame 
 Name, viz> Fitz-alan Earl of Arundel, 
 and Fitz-alan of Bzdal. 
 
 William Fitz-alan being thus in Pof- 
 leffion of the Manor of Clun, built a 
 Caftle on it called Clun-Cxjlle, which we 
 fupppfe took its Name, from the Town, 
 and not River, as Mr. Cambden thinks ; 
 for' the Town was built long before the 
 Caftle. He inhabited the Caftle ; for 
 we obferve, that after his Death, Guy 
 I'Ejirange, then Sheriff of Salop, ac- 
 counted to the King for the Profits of 
 his Land, and for Money paid in Wa- 
 ges, to the Servants of his Caftle of Clun. 
 'Ifabel furvived this her fccond Husband 
 Fitz-alan, and for the Health of Ifis 
 Soul, in her pure Widowhood, gave to 
 the Monks of Wenlock the Church of St. 
 George at Clun, with all the Chapels 
 thereunto belonging, viz- the Chapel of 
 St. Thomas at Clun ', the Chapel of the. 
 Blefled Virgin at Waterden ; the Chapel 
 of St. Swiiihin at Clumbefy ; the Chapels 
 
 657 
 
 of St. Mary at Cllneten and S pet on ; 
 the Chapels of Eggedune and Silbedune. 
 
 William Fitz-alan, the Son of the a- 
 forefard William and Ifabel, fucceedcd 
 them upon this Manor and other their 
 Eftates, which were very great; for in 
 12. Hen. II. upon levying an Aid for the 
 Marriage of fhe King's Daughter, he 
 certified his Knight's Fees to be in Num- 
 ber thirty-five and an half, whereof 
 nineteen were de Veteri feofmento, and 
 fixtcen and an half de jzo-w. He nobly 
 entertained B,:Wa-/>; Archbifilop of Catf- 
 terbuyy, at his Caftle of Ofarjlry, in 'h^ 
 Journey into Wales, and \vas J Sheriff of 
 this Shire eleven Years. He obtained a, 
 Charter for a Fair at this Town. He 
 died 1 6 Join, and Icf: this Manor to 
 his Pofterity, , who long < inherited it, 
 but with fome fpeoial DiftinSioiis fr&rij 
 their other Elates. For, i'. When J-oln 
 Fitz-aUn- died and left Hwife his Wi- 
 dow, who was allotted her Dowry by 
 the King's Order, directed to Jokti 
 Lejlrauge, then Sheriff of Shrotyire, Clur.^ 
 Blanclotninfter and Sbraw.wib'w were ex- 
 empted from bei'ng Part of it, and re- 
 fer ved for his Heir Jcbn, who upon th 
 Payment of a thoufand Pounds 1 Fine, 
 had Livery of them, 28 Hen. III. 2. Ed' 
 rnund Fitz-alan, 1 1 Ed-w. II. was charged 
 with providing two hundred Foot for the 
 King's Service in Scotland, out of his 
 Territories of ELtncbminJler and C/ J 
 and in the 2(5 Edw. III. .Richard Fitx,- 
 alan was charged with eighty Lanciers 
 out of his Territories of Ofaejtry, chtit 
 and Ckirke, well armed and arrayed, for 
 his Service in France- 3. Thomas Fitz- 
 alan died poiTefled of this Caftle and 
 Manor, 4 Hev. V. In his Time the 
 Earldom of Arar.dcl fell to this Fam'ily, 
 and John his Son was fummoncd to 
 Parliament, 8 Hen. VI. by the Name of 
 John Earl of Arundel. He died pofleflcd 
 of the Caftle ard Manor of Clone, 15 
 Hen. VI. and left them to H::m;hrey his 
 Son, in whofe Pofterity they continued 
 till Queen Elizabeth s Reign. This Fa- 
 mily, after they became Eai Is of Arundel t 
 were Lords Marchers, and much annoy- 
 ed the Welshmen with 'their Inroads. 
 O O O O Henry
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Howard Earl of Northampton, &. 
 Nobleman eminent for his Parrs and 
 Learning; for which, in King James 
 JlVs Reign, he was made one of his 
 Privy Council, Warden of the Cinque- 
 Pi.rtt, Governor of Dover Caftle., Lord 
 He-ward of Marr.bill, and Earl of North- 
 ampton ; but much more for his Charity, 
 for he founded three Hofpitals, one at 
 Greenwich for 20 poor Men, and a Go- 
 vernor; another at R'Jtng in Norfolk, for 
 12. poor Women, and a Governefs.; and 
 a third in this Place, for 12 poor Men, 
 and a Governor, fettling on each of 
 them a competent Maintenance for 
 erer. 
 
 Kniglton, the Manor and Eftate of 
 Roget Lord Mortimer Earl of JMarch, 
 who dying 34 Ediv. III. left it to his Son 
 Edmund, who was Heir of his Eftate and 
 Honours, in whole Pofterity it continued 
 till Iflfue Male- failing, RicbardDukQ of 
 Jtrfc being found to be the next Heir by 
 Ant* his Sifter, inherited his great E- 
 ftate, and among other Lordfhips this 
 of.Knigkton, and the Title to the Crown, 
 which he after contended for; aad his 
 SOB Edw. IV. attained; 
 
 Wew-CaJlte, of which we find Mention 
 in Mr. Cawbdeit, and one Vlllare, but no- 
 thing more ; nor it taken Notice of in. 
 cur Maps, vmleft Cafle -Anting, upon its 
 fceing re edified or repaired, mould gain 
 that. Name among the Vulgar. 
 
 Trefaen, the Manor and Eftate of 
 Jetm de Cherlton Lord Yawls, who died 
 ^J Edw, III., and left it to his Son and 
 Heir Jobn, who alfo died polTcfled of 
 ir, 48 Edw. III. It feems then to have 
 been an Hamlet belonging to the Caftle 
 of Pole in the Marches of Wales. Kis 
 Son John Lord Po-wis fuccceded hin\, 
 and was made Jijftice of North-Wales in 
 the Reign of King Richard, II. He mar*- 
 ried JMaud, the Daughter of Roger Lord 
 Mortlmir, and having been fummoned 
 to Parliament, from 6 Rich. II. to 3 Hen. 
 IV. died th'at Year poffciicd of this Ma- 
 nor,. u>riiten *o tb.c Records Treff-nveen 
 and Tfefjaern. He left his two Daughters. 
 Jean Ar\A.J^cyce his Heirs, the one nrvarric<l 
 to Sir John T'ytofti aad $he other tQ Sir 
 
 John Grey ; but to which of them this. 
 Manor went upon the Divifion of his 
 Eftate, we know not. Moft of the 
 Towns mentioned in our Maps are o- 
 mitted in this County for want of Infor- 
 mation, which makes our Account of 
 this Hundred very, lame and defe&ive, 
 contrary to. our Purpofe. 
 
 XII. The Hundred ofPu.sLAws or 
 PU.RSLOW, 
 
 This Hundred of Purjlaw is houn.ded 
 on the Eaft by the Hundred of Munflow ; 
 on the South, with Radnorshire in Wales y 
 and Herefcr-djbire ; on the Weft, with the 
 Hundred. of Chn and Montgomery fi'tre ; 
 a.nd on the North with the Hundred of 
 Cbirbury. The Fee of thw Hundred, i^ 
 in the Crown, as we fuppofe, becaufe 
 we find no private Owner of it. Here 
 is one Market-Town, ./. 
 
 Bi flops Caftle,. a fmall Town, but.eiir 
 dowed with many Privileges, viz- being 
 a Body corporate, governed by a.Bailitt, 
 and fending Members to Parliament. 
 The Market is kept weekly on Friday* 
 and is well frequented by the Welfo, and 
 the Fair yearly on 24 J.un&. It is called 
 Bifiops-Cafile* becaufe it belonged an- 
 ciently to the Biflioos of Hereford,, in 
 wbofe Diocefe it is, wkh a great Part of 
 the County* At a little Diftance from it 
 is a noted Place called Bifaopi-mjtt, (in 
 Clun Hundred really, hut mentioned 
 here, becaufe it bears a manifeft. Refe- 
 rence to this Town) being a. fnwll round 
 HilJ, juft at the Entrance into .Mor.tr 
 eomeryjhlre, where is a very deep and 
 Targe HiJJ, like the Keep of a Caftle at 
 the Weft End, and towards the Eait 
 near an Acre of Ground, furjoundcd 
 witk an Entrenchmepr. . 
 
 la this Town was born an. eminent 
 Writer and Scholar, Jeremiah Stefhens r 
 Son of Walter Stephens* fometime Reflor 
 of this Parifli. He had his Univerfity 
 Education in Brazen- Nofe College, Ox- 
 fqrd; but having commenced Mafter of 
 Arts, and taken Deacon's Orders^, he 
 bccamve Chaplain of AU-Savli^ where he 
 contioued hut a few Months ; but taking: 
 
 PrieftV
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Prieft's Orders, he was made Re&or of and was buried in the Chancel of the 
 Oitintcn in Northampton foire, and five Church there. In this Hundred near 
 Years after of Wotton, within a Mile of the Place where the River Colun, or 
 it 'both which we're beftowed on him by dun falls into the River Temd, there is 
 King Charles !) and held by him to- an Hill of great Antiquity, called Aftone, 
 Aether. Two Years after, by the Favour the Manor and Ertatc of Henry Aldithley, 
 of Archbifhop of Land, he was admit- or Audky, who dying poflefled of it in 
 ted Prebendary of Bigglejwade in the the Reign of King Henry III. left it to 
 Church of Lincoln, as a Reward of his his Son and Heir James Lord Attdley. 
 Labours with Sir Henry Spelm-an, input- He being conftituted Governor of New- 
 tine, out the firft Volume of the Englifo cajole under Lyme, obtained that King's 
 Councils,\vhichcoft them bot hfevenyears Charter for a free Warren, 37 Hen. III. 
 Labour ; for tho' that Book carries the for all his demefne Lands in this Lord- 
 Name of Sir Henry Spelmax only, yet is fliip and fevcral others in this County, 
 the Afliftance of Mr. Stephen's acknow- a nd left it to his Pofterity, and died 5 6 
 ledged by Sir Henry in his Preface to Hen. III. 1*72- 
 
 the Reader, where he thus fpeaks^of Ca.tr Carodock, becaufe about the Year 
 him: Our loving Friend Jeremy Stephens, qf our Lord 53, Caraftacus, a renowned 
 & Man born for the publick Good, by Britifi Prince, environed it with a Kul- 
 \vhofeAfllftancethisfirft Tome comes wark of Stone, and defended it gallantly 
 out and on whom the Hopes of the againtt Q florins and the Roman Legions 
 reft* is founded. In 1644, he was fe- brought againft him; till they by making 
 oucftred from all his Preferments by a Breach, with no great Difficulty, in 
 the Committee fitting at Northampton, fo flight a Stone-work, (fome Ruins of 
 plundered, imprifoned, barbaroufly ufed which are yet to be fcen) forced the 
 and filenccd. He lived to the Reftora- difarmcd Britains to berake themfelve* 
 tion of Kino 1 Charles II. and was reftorcd to the Tops of the Mountains. Cara&a- 
 to all his Preferments which had been cus himfelf efcapcd by Might, but his 
 taken from him; and, for a further Re- Wife, Daughters and Brethren were 
 quital of his Sufferings, had the Pre- taken Prifbners ; yet his Efcape proved 
 bend of Ilfracomb in the Church of Sa- but unfuccefsful ; for flying toCartefma** 
 lisbury beftowcd on him. He was an in- dua, Queen of the Brigantet, for her 
 duftrious Man, and a great Writer. ProtcGion, flie treacheroufly delivered 
 His Works cotnpofed by him, and pub- him up to Oftorlus, who earned him to 
 liflicd, are, his Notes on S. Cyprian of the Rome, where, notwithftanding he had 
 "Unity of the Church, and the Good of Pa- engaged the Romans in fo tedious and 
 Jience, Lond. 1632 and 1633. An Apelo- toilfome a War, he procured a PardoE 
 ' f or fa ancient Right and Power of Bi- of Claudius C<efar for himfelf and Fami- 
 (hops to Jit and vote in Parliament, Lond. ly, by ro mean and precarious Soiici- 
 1660. St. Gregory 's Paftoral, Lor.d. 1619. tarions, but by a noble and majeftick 
 He wrote fevcral Trab, which were fu- Freedom of Addrefs. 
 perfcded by the King's Reftoration, and For the taking of this Hill, and Ca- 
 lo were never published, viz* A Trea- 
 tife of the Englilh. Laws ; A Comparifon 
 tetiveen the Belgick, Bohemian <i^Scotch 
 Covenants ', Of the Principles and Practices 
 of the Presbyterians, &c. and he publifh- 
 
 raftacus Prifoner, the Senate of Rome 
 decreed Oflorius a Triumph ; for the 
 Conqueft of this King did not feem * 
 lefs Prize to the Senate than the two 
 Royal Prilbners, Syphax, whom Pull. 
 
 ed leveraf Things compofcd by Sir Scipio, and Perfes, whom Luditi Panlus 
 Henry Spelman; as, The WJiory of Sacri- prefente4 to the Romans. Humphrey 
 lege; his larger Hijlory of Tithes ; The A- Lluld hath indeed omitted both the Ac- 
 pology for hisTreatife, De von temerandls count of this Battle, and this renowned 
 Ecdeftis. He died at Wotton in 1664, General Caraftacm', but neither his Me- 
 
 O'o 002 morjr
 
 S HR *P SNIR&- 
 
 660- 
 
 mory nor the Story is extinft among the 
 countrey People here ; for they tell us, 
 that a King was beaten upon this Hill ; 
 and in the Wei ft Book called Triades, 
 Gctradauc \Jrick fras is reckoned the 
 Chief of the three moft renowned Brl- 
 tijb Heroes ; and he, as Mr. Cambden 
 fpeaks, feems undoubtedly to have been 
 the very Cara-tlacm, 
 
 And as this A&ion between Caraftacus 
 *.nd'-0jlor'rtis wds ; -reat and eminent, fb 
 are the "JU'mains of it to this Day very, 
 considerable ; for near Lanterden, a Vil- 
 lage near this Hill, about the Meeting 
 of the Tend and dun, are two Barrows, 
 in which were found burnt Bones, and 
 an Urn ; and a little way eaft of Temd 
 at Brandon, i: a fingl'e Square-work with 
 four Ports, very commodioufly fi mated, 
 as having the River near it to icrve it 
 with' Water, a Thing the Romans were 
 always careful to provide near their 
 Camps, if pofliblc. And thefe are the 
 Remains of the Romans ; and as to the 
 BritMns, there is a Camp of theirs a- 
 bout half a Mile from "Brandon, at a 
 Place called C-kkale near Bramfton- 
 Erian Caftlc, which is now covered with 
 great Oaks. From whence they feem to 
 have been beaten; and about 3 Miles to 
 the North is that large Britijb Camp 
 Called' Caey-earadcck. The Trenches arc 
 Tery deep, and yet the Ground is hard 
 Rock- The Rampires are walled ; but 
 the Wall is now covered with Earth, 
 which if one remove a little, the Stones 
 appear : It is now called the Galr y . and 
 iituatc upon the Eaft point of a very 
 ftcep Hill. The North Side is fortified 
 with a deep a-nd double. Trench ; but on 
 the South Side it ha's but a tingle 
 1^x>neh, becaufe on that Side the Steep- 
 *efs of the Hill is of it-fe!f a very good 
 Defence. It hath no Acccfs to it, but 
 from a Plain on the Weft Part thereof 
 It is three Times as long as it is broad,, 
 fcaving its Entrance to tHc Weft, fenced 
 with a very flkep treble -Rampire. There 
 fc alfo * narrow" Pa flage out of ir.tp- 
 wafdit'he Eaft, upon r he very: Pitch of 
 thQ Hill. On- the. South Point of an 
 high Hill* a MHe-'Kerth'- ' 
 
 * l5 a large Fortification, fomc- 
 what larger than C<*er-caradock y which 
 is of a circular Figure, and defended 
 with three deep Trenches drawn round 
 it ; tliefc feem all to be the Marks of 
 that me'morable Engagement. 
 
 Cberlton, the Manor ctij-ohn de Cberlton* 
 Lord Poiv'iSy from which Lordfhip his 
 Anceftbrs feem to have taken their 
 Name. This Lord, r Edw. II. obtained 
 a Charter for free Warren in all his de- 
 mefhe Lands here and elfewhere in 
 this County : He lived in great Honour 
 and Reputation here, and built a Ca- 
 ftle, bath which he left to his Son J-ohn 
 de Cbtrlton Lord Pow'is, and his Poftcriry 
 enjeyed it till IflTue Alale failing, their 
 Eftafe came to be divided,, 8 Hen. V. 
 or thereabout^ between Joyce and Jonn, 
 the Daughters of Edward de Charlton 
 Lord Powij, which laft marrying Sir 
 John Grey, carried this Caftle and Ma- 
 nor into his Family, and he, in Right 
 of his Wife, was fummoned to Parlia- 
 ment, under the Title of Lord, fowls ; 
 he left this and the reft of his Eftate to 
 his Pofterity ; of whom "Edward Grey 
 Lord Pawls, going with the Duke of 
 Suffolk into France, fettled this Manor 
 on Mrs. Jane Orwell and her Children, 
 as he did P^ntsbury above-mentioned, in 
 Ford Hundred. 
 
 Hope y a Member of the great Manor 
 of Botinton, which was the Eftate of 
 John de Cheyhon Lord Poivis., 2 Edw. IL 
 but how long it continued in his Family,, 
 we do not now. 
 
 Ho/tfow, a Manpr of R^cr Lord Morti- 
 mer of Cb.'ri'gj a Branch of the Family 
 6^f t'he 'Mortimers of Wigmore y afterwards 
 Earls of Miin-h, He obtained a Charter 
 for free Warren in th;s and leveral 
 other his Lordfhips in this County and 
 Herefordjbire, 14 Ecfiv. I. He died in the 
 Tower of London, and tho* he had Iflue 
 Roger, and hq a Son John, we find not 
 
 -_l rf;, ]]*! * -n ^ **-- 
 
 that they did inherit any Part of rheir 
 Anccftors Eilaxe, except Chirk*. He 
 w,as buried a-c Wivniotoi ilcrc : was an- 
 ci'e'nt'ly a Caftle. 
 
 Lyddum, or Lydam, tlie Manor and 
 Efhue of John de Cberlton Lord Powis, 
 
 who
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 661 
 
 who 'died ppflefled of it, 48 Ed<w. III. and 
 left it to his Son John, who alfo left it 
 to his Son Edward de Cherlton Lord Paw/is, 
 \vhofe Heirs were Joan and Joyce, one 
 married to Sir John Grey, who in her 
 Right was Lord Powis, and the other to 
 Sir J-ohn Tiptoft ', but to which of them 
 this Manor upon the Partition fell, we 
 know not. 
 
 Wentner, or Wetftkovre, the Manor of 
 Roger Son of Corbet, being one of thole 
 Manors which he held of Ro^er de 
 Montgomery , being in all four and twenty. 
 He lefr it to his Brother Robert, whofe 
 Son Robert, in King Henry lid's Reign, 
 gave his Mitl in this Village, with a 
 Mefliiage thereunto adjoining, unto the 
 Monks of Bildwas ; but the Manor he 
 left to his Son Thomas, who WAS one of 
 the Barons-marchers. In his Time there 
 
 was a Survey of the Foreft of 
 
 made, and the Metes and Bounds of it 
 fet out, and it was found, that this 
 Town of Wentenoure was out of the 
 Bounds of the Foreft. This Thomas 
 died 2 Edw. I. and left this Manor, 
 with divers other considerable Eftates to 
 his Son Peter, who paying a Relief to 
 the King, had Livery of them ; he was 
 found by Inquifition to be one of the 
 next Heirs to Roger "de Vallstort, a great 
 Baron in the Weft. He departed this 
 Life 28 Edw. I. and left this Manor and 
 many other Eftates to his Son Peter. He 
 died without liTuc,. leaving Beatrix his 
 Widow enfeoffed of this Manor with di- 
 vers. others for Life, which he departed 
 from 21 E(ku. III. In the Time that fhe 
 was in Pofifeflion of this Manor, it ap- 
 pears thafSir J-ohn de Leybarne obtained 
 a Charter of rce Warren, 7 Edw. for 
 all his demefne Lands here, and clfe- 
 where in this County ; yet after the 
 Death of Hasvyfe, Ralph Lord Stafford, 
 Son of Alice, the eldeft Daughter of 
 Thomas Lord Corbet, was found Heir of 
 Pete/s Eftate. 
 
 Wlnttlnjlauj, or Wltchejlaw, the Lord- 
 fhip of Leofric Earl of Mcrcia, who had 
 to Wife the celebrated Lady Godei>a y 
 who did fo.muck for the City of Coventry 
 in fjfAiw/r&jb/iv, as ihaJl be- fhewed, 
 
 when we come to treat of that City and 
 County in its Place. We have nothing 
 more to add of this Hundred, for waat 
 of Information; and fo pafs to ; 
 
 XIII. M u N s t. o w Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred of Munjlow is bounded 
 on the Eaft with the Hundreds of 
 Wenlock t Stottefden, and Overs, which 
 laft bounds it 0:1 the South in Part, and 
 the reft of this Hundred Southward 
 borders on Herefordshire, being parted 
 from it by the River Temd ; on the 
 Weft, by the Hundred of Pur/losr ; and 
 on the North by the Hundred' of Cunt- 
 over. The FCC of this Hundred is (as 
 we fuppofc) in the Crown, and under 
 the Jurifdiftion of the High Sheriff. 
 The chief Town in this Hundred is 
 
 Stretton, or Church Stretton, a Market- 
 Town, whole Market is weekly on 
 Thurfday, and Fairs on the Nativity of 
 the Virgin Mary, 8 Sept. and 7 May 
 yearly. We find nothing more memo- 
 rable in it for want of Information, anrt 
 fo go to the Villages, of which the 
 Chief is 
 
 Munjlow, (in our Efteem) becaufe it 
 gave Name to the Hundred, as being 
 once the moft confiderable Town in it. 
 'Tis now a mean Village, and of Note 
 only for 
 
 Edward Lord Littleton, Baron of 
 Mounjlotv, the Place of his Nativity. 
 He was bred up in the Univerfity- 
 Learning at Chrijt- Church, Oxford, and m 
 the Law in the Inner Temple, where he 
 became early fo eminent, that the City 
 of London chofe him their Recorder, and 
 Oxford their Counfcllor, the Inner Temple- 
 foon after their Summer Reader, and 
 the King his Solicitor General ; after 
 which his Worth fo recommended him 
 to the King's Favour, that he conferred 
 on him the Dignity of Knighthood, (he 
 being then and fome Time before a 
 Perlon of no fmall Reputation in the 
 Houfe of Commons, of which he was 
 Member) made him. the chief Juftice oif 
 the Common Pleas ; and foon after 
 raifetl him to the higheft Station of h
 
 662 
 
 // R <P S H I R E. 
 
 Profefiion, by eritrufting him -with the 
 peeping of the Great Seal, to which his 
 Majcfty immediately added the Honour 
 ca a Baron, creating him. Lord Littleton, 
 Baron of Murjltw, being rhen in great 
 lEfteem, not only for his Knowledge of 
 the Law, but for his figruil Fidelity and 
 Loyaly. When the Wars between the 
 King and Parliament came on, he find- 
 i ing it not fafe to remain about London, 
 firft fent the Seal to the King, then at 
 Tort, and not long after fled thither 
 himlelf, where he ferved hisMajefty,con- 
 ttnuing faithful to his Death, which hap- 
 pened at Oxford, Amo 1645. He was foon 
 after interred in Cbri ft- Church Cathedral, 
 Dr. Henry Hammond (who was then the 
 Univerury Orator) making a Funeral 
 Oration over the Corpfe, before a nu- 
 merous Afiembly, wherein he at large 
 defcribed with what Heady Loyalty, 
 Prudence, Knowledge, Learning and 
 Virtue, thePerfon then lying dead be- 
 fore them, had been endowed, and what 
 a Lofs he was to the Publick. Over his 
 Crave was a coftly Monument of black 
 and white Marble erected in 1689, by 
 his only Daughter and Heir Anne, Lady 
 Littleton. He left in Print feveral 
 Speeclies made in Parliament, fbroe Ar- 
 guments and Difcourfes of Law-Points 
 and Reports in the Common Pleas and 
 Exchequer, from the ad to the yth 
 Year of King Charles I. 
 
 Br an roft- Cattle is mentioned in Mr. 
 Cambden, and Bramcrcft- "Lodge adjoining 
 to it, in our Maps ; but we find not 
 -vvho built cither, or were Lords and 
 Owners of them. 
 
 Colminton, a Village, wherein William 
 Lionffi*, who had married Maud, the 
 Daughter of Walter Clifford, had by Vir- 
 tue of his Alarriage with her twenty- 
 eight Pounds eight Shillings and two 
 fence per Ann. in Lands, by the Gift of 
 her Father. William in a Tornament 
 held at Blithe, was there overthrown, 
 and loft his Credit, which affe&ed him 
 with & much Grief, that he died the 
 next Year in the Flower of his Youth, 
 41 Hen. III. His Widow Maud having 
 promifcd, according to the Cuftom of 
 
 the Realm, not to marry without Leave, 
 had thereupon her Dowry afligncd 
 her, and afterwards married to Join 
 G'iffard of Brimsfeld in Gloceftrrfbire, but 
 without the King's Licence; whereupon 
 fhe complaining to that King, that he 
 had taken her by Force from her Manor- 
 Houfe at Kanefa-d, and kept her in Re- 
 ftrarnt ; he denied the Charge, but gave 
 the King 500 Marks as a Fine, for mar- 
 rying her without the King's Licence, 
 of which the King accepted upon Con- 
 dition, that he had no more Complaints 
 againft him. He afterwards, 9 Ed<w. I. 
 procured a Charter for free Warren, 
 for all his Lands here, and died pofTefled 
 of them, 27 Ediv. I. leaving his Eftates 
 to his Son and Heir frlw; but his Wife's 
 pa fled to her Daughters, but to which of 
 them, we know not. 
 
 CorJIon an Hamlet in Dldkslury, the Ma- 
 nor of which was the Eftateof Hugh Lord 
 Burnett,, who having no Iflue, left it 
 with his other Eltatcs to his Cofins and 
 Heirs J-oyte, Margery and Catharine ; but 
 to which of them, upon the Divifion, it 
 fell, we know not. 
 
 Corfiam, or Corvffbam, fo called, be- 
 caufe it ftands upon the River Corve. 
 The Manor of this Town was given by 
 King Henry II. to Walter Lord Clifford, 
 who left it to his Pofterity. Fair Rofa- 
 mond, the Concubine of King Henry II. 
 who had by her William Lonpfpe Earl of 
 Sarum, was the Daughter of Walter 
 Lord Clifford his Son. His Grandfbn 
 Walter, 1 7 Hen. III. adhering to Richard 
 Marfral Earl of Pembroke, who was then, 
 in Arms upon fpccious Pretences, was 
 outlawed ; and Command was given by 
 the faid King to the Sheriff of 'shropjlnre 
 to feize hisCaftle and Manor of Corf ham ; 
 but he foon mitigated the King's Dif- 
 pleafure, and had them reftoredT This 
 Lord was very religious, according to 
 the Fafhion of thofc Days ; and among 
 other charitable Gifts, beftowed on the 
 Nuns ofAcornbury in Herefordshire, certain 
 Lands in this Town. This lalt Walter 
 left only one Daughter and Heir Maud, 
 who married the above-mentioned WiJ- 
 JiamLongfpe, who had with her in frank 
 
 MJUV
 
 S H RO <P SHIRE. 
 
 the Manor of Colminton, as is Eftate of the Lord Burnett, and 
 abovefaid, then valued at twenty-eight Lord Burnett, 
 Pounds eight Shillings and two Pence 
 per Ann. but in cafe it did not amount 
 to fo much, then the faid Sum was to be 
 made up out of this Manor ofCorfkam, 
 and to be in Part of two Hundred 
 Pounds per Ann. which he was to give 
 
 66} 
 
 the Son of the foremcn- 
 pofleifed of it, 9 Edw. 
 
 tioned 
 
 II. He left 
 
 Maud, his only Daughter and Heir, to 
 inherit his Eftate, of which this Caftle 
 and Manor was a Part. She firft mar- 
 ried to John Lord Low/, by whom me 
 
 her in all. She furvived this Earl, and had. a Daughter named Joan. He lived 
 
 v. as afterward married to Sir. John Gif- but a little Time witjj her, and after 
 
 fard of Brimsfeld; flie brought this MA- his Death .fhe married John de 
 
 "' ll___i_^* ^l_rf*M ^. If i i* -w-s ,1 
 
 nor to. him, and he obtained a Charter 
 of free Warren for all his demefne 
 Lands at Corfham, as he did alfo at CW- 
 
 Knr. and brought this Eftate and others 
 into his Family ; for his Son Nicholas 
 Handlou., which he had by the faid 
 
 minton ahovefaid. She had two Daugh- Maud, died poflefled of them, 6 Rich' 
 
 ters by each Husband, between whom II. He aflumed the Name of Burnett. 
 
 her Ejlates were divided ;^but to which from his Mother, as he derived the Ba- 
 this Manor fell, we know 
 
 of them 
 not.. 
 
 Hope- Bawdier, the Manor and Eftate 
 of Hugh Lord Burnett, of which he died 
 poflefled, 8 Hen. V. leaving it to his 
 Coufins and Heirs, as is abov-efaid ia 
 Corfton. 
 
 Howgate, Holgod* or Holgot, the Caftle 
 and Manor of Thomas Mauduit, who 
 pofleifcd it in King John's Time, and 
 had rhcn the Reputation of a Baron. 
 He being in Arms with the rebellious 
 Lords, 18 Job, that King feiied this 
 Caftle into his own Hands, and gave it 
 to Hrtgb de Mortimer^ for the prelbnt ;. 
 but Thomas returning to his Obedience, 
 the King granted hinvthe Reftitution 
 of it. Continuing a dutiful Subject till K. 
 
 rony from, her, and left both to his Son- 
 Hugh, whofe Son Edward Lord Burnett- 
 dying without litue, 8 H>. V. left his 
 Eftare, and in it this Manor aadCaiile: 
 to his Coulins and next Heirs Joy- f,,, 
 Margery and Catharine; but we fuppofe, . 
 that upon the Account of the former. 
 Marriage of Maud Burnell to John LorcK 
 Louett, this Caftlc and Manor pa fled in- 
 to that Family ; for we. find that Wil- 
 liam Lord Love//, great .Grandfbn, of' the. 
 faid John, in 33 Hen. VI. died pof- 
 feiTed of this Manor of Holgate, and lefc. 
 it to his Son John, whofe Son and Heir 
 Francis fiding with the Family of Yorl\ 
 fought againli the Duke of Richmond (af- 
 terwards King Henry VII.) for Kin& 
 Riebard III. in Bofivorth Field, \v4iereby. 
 
 Henry III. came to the Throne,hc obtain- his Eftate being forfeited to King 
 
 ed, 7 Hen. III. a Charter for a Market here, this Caftle was fei7.ed r and given to 
 
 every Week upon. Thurfday, until the 
 King came of Age. Who inherited .this 
 Manor and. Caftle after this Lord Mau- 
 dult, as Heir, we can't difcov.er ; but 
 the next Perfon that we ficd in Poflef- 
 lion of it is (as Mr. Camkden tells us) 
 
 Jafper Duke of Bedford, and his Heirs ; 
 b.ut he.having.no legitimate Tflue,.ic re 
 turned to the Crown, and was by King. 
 Henry VIII. given to Thomas Howard EurL 
 of Survey r whom he at the fame Time, 
 created Duke of 2tf rfolk, as a Reward 
 
 Robert Burnett, Biftop of Bath and Wells* of his Courage and Coruiuft in con- 
 tho' Sir Wtllictm Dugdak fecms to inti- quering the Scots in the Battle of F/o<f*. 
 mate, that Philip Lord TUwnell was fcracd don-feld, in which the Scotch King- \v;; 3 
 of this Manor and CaiUc before the {lain ; in whofe Poftcrtty we fuppofe it 
 Death of the Bnmop, two Years ; and ftiJL remains, .being.. now Dukes of Nuf. 
 reckoning up what Eftates came to the. folk. 
 
 faid Philip his. Nephew by his Death,.. Lanterden^ a.. Village 'fituate near 
 mentions nothing of this Caftle or Ma- the- Meeting of the. Rivers Temd and 
 nor: But be that a* it will,, is was the: CVw^ia. which. ar.(x two Barrows J 
 
 mucH .
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 which were found not long fince, burnt 
 Bones and Afhes. 
 
 L&naedon, or Longedon, the Eftate and 
 Lordfhip of Ed-ward Lord Burnel, who 
 having no Iflue Male, left it to his only 
 Daughter ad 'Heir Maud, who fir ft 
 married John Lord Low//, by whom fhe 
 had one Daughter J-oan ; and after his 
 Death, to J-obn de Handloe, Km. who 
 were both of them Lords "Burnett fucce- 
 fively in her Right. By John de Hand- 
 Ixv ilie had Nicholas her Son and Heir, 
 who bore the Name of Burnel, which he 
 aflumed with Refpett to his Mother, as 
 alfo of Lord Burnell- This Nicholas ob- 
 tained a Charter of free Warren in this 
 Lordmip, and left it to his Son Hugh, 
 who having no Iflue Male, left it to his 
 three Coufins, Joye, Margery and Ca- 
 tharine, but they kept not this Manor 
 long ; for we find William Lord Lovzll 
 dying poflefled of it, 35 Hen. VI. and 
 leaving it ro his Son J-obn, who alfo 
 died feizedofit, 4 Edtu. IV. Francis his 
 Son was a clofe Adherent to the Family 
 ofTorfc, then in Pofleflion of the Crown, 
 and fonght for Kin^ Richard III. in Bop 
 worth Field, where being overcome, his 
 Eftate was feized by King Henry VII. 
 and fettled in ipecial Tail upon Jafper 
 Duke of Bedford and his Heirs lawfully 
 begotten, which he not having, this Manor 
 returned to the Crown, and was by King 
 Henry VIII. given, with other Eftatcs of 
 the faid Lord Lovely to Thmas Harvard; 
 Earl of Surrey^ whom he at the Ihtiie 
 Time made Duke of Norfolk, as a PvC- 
 ward of his Vi&ory over rhc S.-ots in 
 Flodden Field, when King J-ames and 
 great Numbers of Sects were {lain. 'Tis 
 probable this Manor may be in the Fa- 
 mily of the Duke of Norfolk to this 
 Day. 
 
 Middlinglope, or as it is written in 
 ancient Records, MUlinghope. Mllr.e- 
 chop and Millenchop, was the Manor and 
 iCftatc of the Lords Burnel, which parted 
 from them to the Families of Handler, 
 Lovely Duke of Bedford, find Duke of 
 Norfolk, as the laft Manor did. 
 
 Onebury, one of the Manors of which 
 Lord 'Burnett died poflefTed, 8 Hen. 
 
 V. and left it to his Coufins and Heirs 
 jFoyce, Margery and Catharine, and being 
 divided among them, we find that it 
 fell to J-ohn Lord Lovel, who had mar- 
 ried Maud the Daughter and Heir of 
 
 Sir Philip Burnett, by whom he had a 
 Daughter named jfoan, who inherited 
 this Manor. 
 
 Rusbury, another of the Manors fo 
 poflefled, and left as the, former ; as 
 were alfo 
 
 Strefordy ) two other Manors be- 
 Sutton-parvay J longing to the Burnells. 
 ' There are many other Villages in this 
 Hundred, which we have no Account 
 of, and fo muft pafs them over, and 
 proceed to the next Hundred, viz. 
 
 XIV. The Hundred of O v E R s. 
 
 This Hundred of Overs is bounded on 
 the Eaft, with the Hundred of Stottefdon; 
 on the South, with the River Temd, 
 which parts it from Herefordfuife and 
 Worcefterpire ; on the Weft, wirh the 
 Hundred of Muvjlow ; and on the North 
 with the Hundred I of Wenlock. The Fee 
 of this Hundred is in the Crown. The 
 chief Tdwri is 1 4 
 
 LudlotUy called by the Welp, Dlnan, 
 and Lys-tivyfoc ; that is, the Prince's 
 Palace. It is fituate upon an Hill at the 
 Joining of the River Temd with the Ri- 
 ver. Corve. It is a Town of greater 
 Beauty than Antiquity, and enjoys ma- 
 ny Privileges, tho* moft of them of a 
 modern Grant, which we fhall briefly 
 mention. The Town it felf contaiits 
 four Wards, viz. Caftle-Jlreet, Bro.id- 
 Jlreet, OU-ftreet, Garford and Corve- ffreet, 
 'bccaufe it lies by the River Corve. It 
 is fortified with a Wall, having fcven 
 Gates through it, viz. Garford- Gate, Corve- 
 Gate, Llney-Gate, Dlnan-Gate, Mill-Gate, 
 Broad-Gale and Old-Gate. Ic is beauti- 
 fied wirh a large Church, formerly 
 Collegiate, but now only Parochial. It 
 has an Alms-hdufe for the Maintenance 
 of thirty poor People. 'Tis governed 
 by two Bailiffs, a Recorder, 12 Alder- 
 men, twenty-five Common .'Council- 
 men, with other inferior Officers. It 
 
 has
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 665 
 
 It has a great Market weekly on Mon* 
 day, and three lefler on Wednefday, Friday 
 and Saturday; and four Fairs yearly, 
 viz- on Wednefday in Whitfun Week, on 
 St. Lawrences Day, 10 Aug. S. Lambert's, 
 1 7 Sept. and 2 5 Ni/. 
 
 The particular Privileges of this Cor- 
 poration are, i. That it fends Burgefles 
 to Parliament to reprelent the Town ; 
 and, z. That it has a Power of judg- 
 ing, condemning and executing Crimi- 
 nals, by hanging, and in cafe of Trea- 
 fon, Drawing and quartering, diltinft 
 from the County; but, g. The greateft 
 Advantage of this Town is, That ever 
 fince the Reign of King Henry VIII. 
 the Court or Council of the Marches 
 of Wales hath been eftabliihed in this 
 Town by the faid King, having much 
 the fame Jurifdi&ion as the French Par- 
 liament. This Court was held by cer- 
 tain Noblemen, who had the Title of 
 Barones Marchi*, i. e. Lords Marchers, 
 who exerciled within their refpe&ive 
 Liberties, a Sort of Palatine JurifHi&ion, 
 and held Courts of Juftice to deter- 
 mine Controverfies among Neighbours, 
 and pleaded Prefcription for feveral 
 Privileges and Immunities ; of which 
 this was one of the moft confiderable, 
 That the King's Writ mould not take 
 Place here in fomeCaufes; but if there 
 arofe any Difputes between themfelves 
 concerning the Rights of any of their 
 Baronies, or their Extents, they fhould 
 be ended only in the King's Courts of 
 Juftice. The Original of their Jurif- 
 di&ion is not exa&ly known; ':is proba- 
 ble they were fettled here in the Con- 
 fines of Wales, to guard this County and 
 others from the Incurfionsof the Britain 
 or Weljb by the Saxons. It is pretty 
 plain the Conqueror found them here, 
 tho' he difplaced them, and put in his 
 more trufty Followers, as Hugh de 
 Montgomery, &c. At the Coronation of 
 Queen "Eleanor, Confbrt of K. Henry 
 III. thefe Marquefles put in their Claim 
 to provide filver Spears, and fupport the 
 Canopy of Purple Silk at the Corona- 
 tion, and were allowed it. They held 
 their Courts feverally each in their 
 Jurifdi&iou, till King Henry VIIL fixed 
 
 it at this Town. It confided of a Lord 
 Prefident, and as many Counfellors as 
 the King pleafed, a Secretary, Attor- 
 ney, and a Solicitor, with the four 
 Juftices of the County of Wales, to 
 whom it was thus divided, one for 
 Chefter, Denbighfiire, FJintjhire, and 
 Montgomeryshire ; another for Artglt- 
 fey, Monmoutlfoire and Carnarvanjhire ', 
 third for Brecknoctyire, Glamor vanfi irt 
 and Radnorjlrire ; and a fourth for Or- 
 martbavfoire, Pemlraike^nre and Cardigan- 
 jbire. Their Bufinefc was to adminifter 
 Juftice to all the Inhabitants of the 
 Marches, after the Method of the Courts 
 at Wejlminjier, and they feldom wanted 
 Bufinels, partly becaufe they had a 
 fovereign Jurifdi&ion to examine into, 
 and punim all Mifdcmeanors to the 
 Laws, both of the EngHJh and Weljh, and 
 partly from the natural Averfion of the 
 two Nations, the English and Weljb , one 
 to another. This Conftttution continued 
 till the Reign of the late King William 
 III. who, after the Death ofthe late 
 Earl of Macclesfeld> was the laft Lord 
 Prefident of W.iles, thought fit to divide 
 that Goverment between two Peers ofthe 
 Realm, with the Title of Lords Lieu- 
 tenant of North Wales and South Wales, 
 and diflblve the Court entirely, as a 
 great Grievance to the People in thele 
 Parrs, i GitL & Mar. z. c. zy. as it re- 
 mains to this Day, if we miftake not. 
 
 As to the Antiquity of this Town, 
 which we have faid is not great, the 
 -higheft we can trace it is, That Roger 
 de Montgomery, Earl of Arttndel and 
 Shrewsbury, to whom almoft all the 
 County was given by the Conqueror, 
 as we have before obferved, built a 
 Caftle here beautiful and ftrong upon 
 the River .Corve, and from thence in- 
 clofcd it with a Wall about a Mile in 
 Compafs. This Caftle, when Robert tie 
 Belefme Son of Roger de Montgomery^ 
 rebelled againft King Henry, and en- 
 deavoured to reftore Robert de Cttrthofe 
 his elder Brother, that King feiz,ed up- 
 on and took it into his own Hands, and 
 left it in the Pofleflion of the Crown 
 when he died, by which Means it came 
 into his Succcflor's Hands, who was 
 P p p p King
 
 6*6. 
 
 S H R <P S H IR E. 
 
 King Stephen, This King having a fu- 
 rious Competitor for the Crown, viz. 
 JWaHti the only Daughter of the late 
 King Henry I. to whom the Nobles had 
 fworn Allegiance in her Father's Life- 
 time, and was then called JW.itid the 
 Emprefs, becaufe fhe had been the 
 fecond Wife of the Emperor Hmry IV. 
 but at this Time fhc was remarried ro 
 Jeffrey flar.tagenet Earl of Anjou, by 
 whom fhe had a Son Henry, whole 
 Right flic efteemcd the Crown of Ener- 
 tatid to be, and fo as well for hrm as 
 her felf, fought to recover it out of 
 King Stephen's Hands. Robert de Mallent i 
 an illegitimate Son of King Henry [. and 
 Ho Brother to the Emprefs, had with 
 the reft of the Nobility taken this 
 Oath of Fealty to Maud; and upon the 
 Accefs of King Stephen, who had by 
 Promifes of governing by Law, fo cap- 
 tivated the Nobility and People, that 
 he procured himfelf to be crowned King, 
 tho' he himfelf did his Homage to 
 King Stephen, that he might enjoy his 
 Honour; yet thinking that he was ob- 
 liged by his Oath to endeavour to fet 
 the Emprefs upon the Throne of her 
 Father, raifed a ftrong FaHon, and 
 confederated with many Nobles to de- 
 throne King Stephen, and reftore Maud 
 to her Right, which being dilcovered 
 to the King, he feized upon the Pof- 
 feffions of Robert, and then both he and 
 they betook themfelves to Arms openly ; 
 Robert fled to his Caftle at "Brijlol, Gervafe 
 Paganel held the Caftle of Ludlow, and 
 divers- other Lords manned and held 
 out other Caftles, as William Fitz-alan 
 the Caftle of Shrewsbury, &c. The 
 Scots at the fame Tinie taking Occafion 
 from the intcftine Troubles of the Na^ 
 tion to invade if, plundered the Bor- 
 ders, but were foon fubdued by the 
 Courage and Condu& of Ralph Bifhop 
 pf Durham, Henry the Prince of Scotland 
 being taken Prifoner. In the mean 
 Time, King Stephen fwearing by God's 
 Birth, that he would n6t loofc his King- 
 dom cafily, marched with a puiflant 
 Army agaiiift hiscrcbellious Barons, and 
 in a little Tune reduced moft of their 
 4 t 
 
 q qxj 4 
 
 Cafties., After this he concluded a, 
 Peace with the^n;^, and taking Prince 
 Henry, the Son of David King of Scots, 
 with him, bcfieged and won rhe Cattle 
 of Ludlow, Adhere Prince Henry being a 
 little too venturous, had like to have 
 been fnatched up from his Horfe by the 
 Believed, with a grappling Iron, and 
 taken "into the^ Town, had not King 
 Stephen himiclf laid hold of him, and 
 brought him off by his fingular Cou- 
 rage. 
 
 King Hsnry II. the SuccefTor of Kinjr 
 Stephen, found this Caftle in his Poflef- 
 fion, and gave it to Fulk Fitzwarine, 
 called de "D'tnan, with rhe Vale below it, 
 which lies on the Banks of the River 
 Carve, called Cerve-dak ; but the Govern- 
 ment of the Caftle being ftill in the 
 Crown-, King John, Re%. 8. made Philip 
 de Albint Governor or it ; from this 
 Family it came to the Lades of Ireland, 
 the laft of which Family Walter de 
 Lacy dying without Iflue Male, left 
 this Caftle to his Grand-daughter 
 Maud, (the Daugter of his Son Edward, 
 who died before him) who was then 
 the Wife of Peter de Geneva, or Jene-vile 
 a Poittotiin, and, as fome fay, of the 
 Houfe of the Duke of L'oraln, from 
 whofe Pofterity it defcended again by a 
 Daughter to the Mortimers, from whom 
 it pafied hereditarily to the Crowii ; 
 but one Moiety of the Manor of Ludloi:, 
 upon the Divinon of the Eftate of Wal- 
 ter de Lacy, fell to Margery, another 
 Daughter of the faid Edward, who mar- 
 ried J-dhn de Verdon, by whofe Daughter 
 Ifabel, it patted by Marriage to Wtttia-rv 
 de Ferrers of Okam, Afterwards the In- 
 habitants themfelves ereled a iftitely 
 Church upon the higheft Ground in the 
 Heart of the Town, which is the only 
 one rhey have at this Day, and from 
 this Time we may date its Reputation 
 and Eminence beyond any hereabout, 
 tho' King StepJjert^ Sitnon Montfort, and 
 the Yorkifts, who in the Civil War be- 
 tween them and the Lancajlriatn, made 
 this their Rendevouz,, after the Earl of 
 Salisbury had conquered the Lord Avdky 
 at Bhrekeatb in Staffordplre t in which that 
 
 Lord
 
 S'HR"OP SHIRE. 
 
 Lord \vas killed, and two thoufand Lan- 
 
 caftrians. 
 
 For the Earl of Salisbury having by 
 this ViStory opened his Way ro Ludlow, 
 retired thither, becanfe RitbardDukc of 
 Terk, and his Friends, lay in the Cattle 
 here, employing all their Intereft to 
 gather Forces, which they drew in to 
 affift them, with large Hopes and Pro- 
 mifes of Sharing in their Fortunes. The 
 Earl of Warwick foon after came to 
 them from 'Calls, bringing with him 
 Andrew Trollop, a valiant Captain, and 
 a Band of choice ' and ftout Soldiers. 
 The King in the mean while had ga- 
 thered an Army of his faithful Subje&s, 
 who under the Dukes of Somerfet and 
 Exeter, and other his chief Friends, 
 marched, againft them. The Duke of 
 York and his Adherents perceiving the 
 King coming againft them with a ttrong 
 Army, did fend him a Letter, in which 
 they declared, That they were affem- 
 bled together unanimotifly in the Name 
 of themfelves, and other his loyal and 
 dutiful Subjects, to make their Way to 
 him for Rcdrefs of Grievances, and to 
 ftand together in their own Defence a- 
 gainft fuch great Courtiers and Favou- 
 rites as intended their Deftruftion. The 
 King and his Army now being in Sight, 
 the Duke of York and Earls of Warwick 
 and Salisbury, being ftrongly intrenched, 
 flood ready to oppofe him, which when 
 Andrew TvoUop, whom Warwick had made 
 to believe, that they intended nothing 
 but the King's Safety and Honour, faw, 
 he, who had always before ferved in 
 France in the King's Pay, left the Duke's 
 Camp, and at Midnight, with a Choice 
 Number of Men, goes over to the 
 King's Party, to whom he offered his 
 Service. When this was known to the 
 Yorkijls, they immediately defpaired of 
 the Succefs of their Attempt, and fled, 
 the Duke and his Son the Earl of 
 Rutland into Ireland, the Earl of March 
 his eldeft Son, Salisbury and Warwick to 
 Calis. Ludlow being thus left, was 
 fpoiled to the Walls, and the Dutchefs 
 of York fpoiled of all her Goods ; the 
 common Soldiers were moft of them 
 
 pardoned ; but the. Leaders in the Re- 
 bellion and Tenants of the Duke and 
 Earls, (erne executed, others plundered 
 and fined: But notwithftanding thefeand 
 other Misfortunes, this Town hath re- 
 covered it felf, and is flourishing. 
 
 Dr. Thomas Holland, a Native of this 
 Town, is a great Ornament to it. Fie 
 was bred in Ealiol College, Ox/om',and 
 when he was only Batchclor of Arts, 
 chofen Socius Sacerdotalis, or Chaplain 
 Fellow, being then a noted Difputant in 
 that Houfc. Heafcerwards became afolid 
 Preacher and eminent Divine, in which 
 Science having commenced Do&or, he 
 refigned his Fellowship in 1585, and 
 fuccecded Dr. Humibreys in the Divinity 
 Chair, and Dr. Glaner in the Re&ory 
 of Exeter College, in which he continued 
 almoft 20 Years. This learned Do&or 
 Was a walking Library, To that the 
 Scholar drowned almoft all other Re- 
 lations. He was efteemcd by theferiou* 
 and religious Men of his Time, another 
 Apottos, mighty in the Scriptures, and 1 
 well verfed in the Fathers, -that he 
 might be thought himfclf to be: one, 
 and in the School-men, that he might 
 be called a feraphical Doctor. When 
 he went out of his College on any Jour- 
 ney for any considerable Time, he al- 
 ways took his Leave of the Fellows in 
 thcfe or the like Words, / commend you 
 to the Love of God, and the Hatred of P- 
 pery. His extemporary Orations arc 
 fafd often to equal, if not to exceed his 
 premeditated ones. He hath in Print 
 an Oration made, when Henry (Cotton'} 
 BiShop of Salisbury, took his Do&or's 
 Degree, Amio 1599; and a Sermon, on. 
 Matth. 12. 42. Ox/. 1601, and had a. 
 confiderable Hand in tranflating the 
 Bible by King James Ift's Appointment, 
 Ann* 1 604, and left divers other Writings 
 fit for the Prefs. He died 17 Mar. i<5n, 
 and was buried in the Chancel of St. 
 Mary's, Oxford, with great Solem- 
 nity. 
 
 Robert Mafcaly a Carmelite Friar, (as 
 Eale and Pitz, affirm) was bred and born 
 in this Town, He had his Univerfir.y^ 
 Education in Oxford^ and became fo fa- 
 P p p p 2 mous
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 nous for his Learning and Piety, rliat 
 he was the Confeffor of King Henry IV. 
 and Counfcllor to King Henry V. being 
 then promoted to the Bifhoprick of 
 Hereford by the former. He was one 
 of the three Prelates that was fent to, 
 and one of the two that came back alive 
 from the Council of Ccnftance. He died 
 in 141.5. and was buried in the Church 
 of the White Friars, "London, to which he 
 had been a liberal Benefactor. 
 
 Sir Jchn Walter, Son of Edmund Wal- 
 ter, Chief Juftice of South Wales, was al- 
 fo born in this Town, and being bred up 
 to tike Study of the Common Laws of 
 "England, became a great Proficient in 
 that Learning, fo that he was eminent 
 in all the Stations of the Law ; for 
 when he was a Pleader, he would fuf- 
 fer no good Man (as far as in him lay) 
 to be born down with Slanders ; no 
 honeft Man to be oppreffed and deprived 
 f his Right ; no poor Man to be injured 
 by the Rich and Powerful ; nor any 
 learned Man by the Ignorant. When 
 he was made a Judge, as if when he 
 afcended the Bench, he ought to put on 
 a new Temper ; he who was before of 
 a cholerick and pafficnate Difpofition, 
 became a patient and grave Judge, in- 
 fomuch, that when Judge Denbarx, who 
 had him for his Aflbc'iatc in the Wcttern 
 Circuit, faid to- him at Dinner, My 
 Lord, yctt are not merry ; he replied, 
 &derry enough, my Lord, for a judge. 
 When he was raifed to be the Chief 
 Baron of the Exchequer, King Charles 
 1. being denied necefiary Supplies by the 
 Parliament, till Grievances were redref- 
 cd, Papifts banifhed, and the Duke of 
 Buckingham tried, was forced to procure 
 Supplies of Money by way of Loan, pro- 
 rnifing Payment as foon as he had any 
 Taxes given him by Parliament; many 
 contributed freely, and great Sums were 
 thereby prcfently raifcd, but fuch as re*- 
 fufcd (as fome did) were imprifoned ; 
 and when they moved for Bail, were 
 ye/ufed, by the Advice of the* Attorney 
 General Sir Robert Heath; thefc Pro- 
 rceding-s this Judge gave his Opinion 
 gfti-nft-, as illegal, and was thereupon 
 
 turned out, to his great Honour, and fb 
 remained to his Death, which happened 
 Anno 1630, and was buried in the Savoy. 
 Church, to which. Parifh he had given 
 zo Pounds for the Relief of the Poor. 
 He was a great Bene&dor to Jefus Col- 
 lege, Oxford. 
 
 Eurford, or "Bureford, the Eftate and 
 Lordmip of Hugh Fitz-Oslorn, at the 
 Time when the Conqueror's Survey was 
 drawn up ; for among the Manors 
 (which were nine in this County) there 
 faid to be his, Bureford is exprefsly 
 named. His Father married Eujlachi* 
 de Say, the only Daughter and Heir of 
 Theodoruli de Say, and in Refpefi to her 
 he a (Turned the Name of Say, and was 
 called Hugh de Say. He left his Elrate 
 to Ojlert his Brother, and he .to his 
 Son Hugh, who leaving only one Daugh- 
 ter and Heir Ifabel, married to Hugh de 
 Ferrers, carried this Manor with other 
 Eftates into his Family, where it re- 
 mained no longer than their Lives; 
 for Margery their fole Daughter and 
 Heir marrying Robert de Mortimer, car- 
 ried it into his Family, in which it re- 
 mained for feveral Succeffions, till Hugh 
 de Mortimer dying without- Iffue Male, 
 Jcfc his Eftatc to his two Daughters, 
 Joan and Margaret, of which this 
 Manor was a Part ; Ma::d his Wife fur- 
 vived him, and' held for her Dower 
 this Manor during her Life, In the 
 mean Time the whole Eftate was divi- 
 ded, and upon her Death this Manor 
 devolved to Margaret, then the Wife 
 of Jeffrey de CornwaU, or Cornivalle, a 
 Defcendant from- Rlchajrd Earl of Corn- 
 wall, King of the Almains, a younger 
 Son of King John, whofe Heirs, (fays 
 Mr. Cambder.} even to our Time, (viz- 
 1607) have born the honourable Title 
 of Barons, but were not fuch Barons af 
 might fit in Parliament, Of this Fa- 
 mily was that noted Knight Sir y^fo 
 CornwaUy who was High Sheriff 
 of this County in King Henry IVth'a 
 Reign ; and afterwards was remarkable 
 on many Accounts; as, i. For his pro!- 
 perom Valour under King Henry V. in 
 "where be got fo great Treafure 
 
 *
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 669 
 
 as to build himfelf a very 
 at Ampthill in Bedfordshire, z 
 nour, being created by Henry VI. Lord 
 Fanbope. 3. Conftant Loyalty, by which 
 le followed his King, when his Crown 
 was taken from him. 4. Vigorous 
 Vivacity, living till the Reign of King 
 Edward IV. 5. Chearful Difpofmon, 
 faying, when his Eftate was taken from 
 him, That not he, but his fine Houfe 
 was guilty of Treafon. In an ancient 
 Inquifition we find, that Burford is held 
 of the King to find five Men towards 
 the Army, that at any Time is to go 
 on an Expedition to Wales, and by the 
 Service of a Barony. But by the way 
 we ought to observe, that thofb who 
 held an entire Barony, were formerly 
 reputed Barons ; and fome Sages of the 
 Common Law will have Baron and Baro- 
 ny to have been anciently Conjugates, 
 like Earl and Earldom, Duke and 
 Dukedom, King and Kingdom. 
 
 Henley, a Town of fbme Note, for 
 being the Seat of Sir Edward Littleton, 
 Knt. Father of the famous Sir Edward 
 Littleton, who was a Judge and Lord 
 Chancellor in King Charles Ift"s Reign, 
 of whom we have fpoken at large in 
 Mounjlonv aforefaid, in which he was 
 Baron. This Hundred is but fmall, 
 but hath many more Towns than we can 
 give any Description of ; ar.d fo we go 
 on to 
 
 XV. The Hundr-ed of S T o r T E s D o K. 
 
 This Hundred of Stottefdon is bounded 
 on the Eaft with Stafford jbirt ', on the 
 North, with Part of Worcejierfoire ; on 
 the Weft, with the Hundreds of Overt 
 and HenJork] and on the North, with 
 the Hundred of Brlmjtry. The Severn 
 runs quite thro' if, almoit in the Mid- 
 dle of it. Here are two Market-Towns 
 ftandtng true one upon the Northern, 
 and the other upon the Southern Border ; 
 the chief Town of them is 
 
 Bridgenorth, as it is commonly called ; 
 but the true Name (fays Mr. Cambden') 
 is Brngmerfe, fo called fcora Bvrgh and 
 Mrfe t a Forcft adjoining t it ; whereas 
 
 fair Houfe it was before called Burgb only, a Town 
 Great Ho- inclofed and fortified with Walls, a 
 Ditch, a Caftlc, and the River Severn, 
 which with a fteep Fall flows in among 
 the Rocks. But the Author of the Ad- 
 ditions to Cambden aflerrs, that Mr. 
 Cambden is miltaken, faying, That 
 Bridgnorth is a Name (as Mr. Leland hath 
 obferved) but of late Ufe, it being cal- 
 led in ancient Records, Bridge; but the. 
 moft ancient Name is by the Saxon An- 
 nals given it, Bpic<;e, from which, bjr 
 fome of our later Hiftorians, it is 
 termed Brugge, Bruges and Brugge-rwtb ', 
 the Addition of North being made from 
 the Building of fbme Bridge over the 
 Severn, South of this ; fo that to derive 
 the Name from Burgh, a Fortification is 
 a Miftake. The CaftJe built here by 
 the Danes, Anno 896, called in the 
 Saxon Language Eparbpic^e, feems 
 to be the very fame, tho* Mr Cambden 
 and Mr Somner arc inclined to place it 
 at Cambridge in Glare fter ft ire ; for, i. 
 'Tis exprefsly faid to be upon the Se- 
 vern, where it was probably built to 
 guard the Paffage over it, whereas Cam- 
 bridge is two Miles diftant. 2. The 
 Canterbury Copy calls it Brigge, as it is 
 commonly named at this Day. 
 
 It was built by Etbelfleda, Queen of 
 the Mercians^ the Widow of King E- 
 thelred, who died 912, and walled a- 
 bout by Robert de Belefme, Son of Roger 
 de Montgomery, Earl of Arundel ad 
 Shrewsbury, who added a Cattle for the- 
 further Strength of the Town, upon 
 which he relied foon after fo much, thafr 
 joining with Robert de Cttrthtfe Duke of 
 Normandy, he rebelled againft King 
 Hen. I. but was foon conftrained to fur- 
 render it, and fly for Safety into foreign. 
 Parts. This Earl crofted a Chapel in 
 this Caftle, which in After-times was 
 made a Collegiate Church- for a Dean 
 and fix Prebendaries, and dedicated to 
 St. Mary Magdalene. Sir Ralph- de Pich- 
 ford, one of the King's Commanders at 
 this Siege behaved himfelf fo gallantly^ 
 that the King gave him the little Brag 
 near it r to hold of the Crown r by the 
 Service of finding dry Wood for the 
 
 great
 
 great Chamber of the. Caftle of 
 y^ainft the Coming of our Sovereign 
 Lord the King. But rho' the King fa- 
 voured K?lefme$ fcape, becaufe he Ib 
 rarneftly implored his Mercy, , and re- 
 ih'.ned the Caftle and Town to him; yet 
 he feized upon all his Poffeffions and 
 Honours, and luffered his Son and Heir 
 William , firnamed Talvace^ to enjoy his 
 Father's Stock and Inheritance in Nor- 
 mandy only. This Town and Cattle be- 
 ing thus in the Poffellionof the Crown, 
 ieems ro have been fo retained for Ibme 
 Sncceflions ; for we obferve, that 18 
 Job. Philh de Albini, or D'aubixy, a great 
 Baron had the Cuftody of the Caftle of 
 Bruges (or Brugge-north) entrufted tohim ; 
 and the 10 Refill. Henry de AUithley or 
 Andtty, was Conftable of this Caftle of 
 Bruges. Indeed we find, vhat HughLord 
 Badlejmere, who was conftituted Gover- 
 nor of this Gallic of Bridgnorth y lo Rich. 
 II. had certain Lands in the Towns at 
 the fame Time, but the Manor remain- 
 ed (till in the Crown, till J-obn Sutton 
 Lord Dudley % i Rich. III. obtained a 
 Grant to himfelf, and the Heirs Male of 
 his Body, which he left to them ; but 
 we can't difcover whether they fuc- 
 ceeded to his Manor or no, becaufe his 
 Son being a weak Man, fome crafty 
 Ufurers bubbled him out of moft of his 
 Eilate. 
 
 N. B. We having a very exat and 
 particular Account of the prefent 
 State of this Town, taken by a Sur- 
 vey ofit, by a Gentleman unknown 
 to us, and by the Defire of feveral 
 of the Gentry hereabouts, lent to 
 us, with a Requeft, that it fhould 
 be inferted in our Atlas entire, and 
 Ending it worthy of our copying,have 
 accordingly tranfcribed it whole, 
 except what is before fpoken of. 
 
 It is in Latin called Brugia y and built 
 by Queen Etfrelfeda in the Time of the 
 "S*xon- Heptarchy, which began about 
 A. C. 582, and continued 202 Years, 
 ending in the Year of Chrift 784. This 
 Town is ancienter than the Name of 
 England, which was given to this Na- 
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 tion by King Egbert, who was crowned 
 A. C. 819. The Foreft of Mcr,e is now 
 a Common, and the Caftle is demolifli- 
 cd. It is a large Market-Town and an 
 ancient Borough. It confifts of two 
 Towns, the High and the Low, which 
 are ie para ted by the River Severn, but 
 united by a fair Stone-Bridge of feven 
 Arches, which hath a Gate and a Gate- 
 houfe, and fome Houfes on it for De- 
 fence and Ornament. The Situation of 
 it is pleafant, being for Air healthy, and 
 for Profpet delightful, and commodious 
 for Trade, by reafon of the navigable 
 River Severn running through it. 
 
 The High Town ftands upon an HiJl, 
 which rifing from the Weft Bank of the 
 River, mounts to the Height of fixty 
 Yards ; and higher on the North, fome- 
 thing relembling an oval Figure on the 
 Eaft and South Side ; but on the North 
 and Weft, extending it* fclf to an Irregu- 
 larity. Some Part of this Town is buik 
 upon the Afcent of the Hill, but the main 
 Body on a Plain. Many of the Houfes arc 
 founded upon a Rock, and moft of the 
 Cellars are Caves hewn out of it. There is 
 a long Street (not in aftreight Line, but 
 with fome Turnings and Windings, for 
 the eafier Afcent) which leads from the 
 Bridge up to the Heart of the Town, 
 with Ranges of continued Buildings on 
 each Side ; the lower Part of it is called 
 TJnder-bitt-Jlreet) becaufe it lies under the 
 Caftle HiJl ; the middle Part the Cart- 
 way, and the upper Part Conugate-ftreet* 
 which hath on one Side of it a perpen- 
 dicular Rock for its Front. Out of 
 which, for fome Space, are Caves fo 
 hewn, and fhaped to the Forms of E- 
 difices ere&ed from the Plain, that they 
 are rather a Rarity than a Disfigure- 
 ment to the Street. On the Roof of 
 thefe Caves are either Gardens made 
 without much Coft or extraordinary 
 Art, or Path-ways over them, fo that 
 you may walk over the Tops of feveral 
 Houles without Danger or Difficulty. 
 
 The main Body of this High Town, 
 which is upon the Plain on the Top of 
 the Hill, has a fine large Street called 
 the High-ftreet, well paved with Pibbles 
 (as are all the other Streets). It is 
 
 (freight,
 
 S-RRO c i 
 
 ftreighr, and of a confiderable Length, 
 beginning at the North Gate, which has 
 a Gate-Uoufe remaining out of the old 
 Fortifications. The Street extends from 
 North to South, and reprcfents a large 
 Portion of the great Diameter of an 
 Elliptick, and has fair Buildings on 
 eiich Side, and piazza's orCloyfters (by 
 the Inhabitants called Stalls) before the 
 Shops or Houfes, in which People may 
 walk dry in foul or rainy Weacher, 
 with Butchers Stails before them in 
 many Places. This main High jtreet opens 
 into three other Streets, on the Weft 
 Side, which extend themfelves as far 
 as the Plain of the Hill, on which the 
 Town was "built. The uppennoft of 
 thefe Streets, next to the Nartbgate, is 
 called Whitborne-Jheet, and has an old 
 Gate-houfe at the End of it. The 
 middle Street is called Hungry -Jtreet, as 
 alfoSt. Mary Street; by reafon of a Re- 
 ligious Houfe formerly therein dedicated 
 to the blefied V. Mary ; and the third is 
 called LiJly-Jlreet, which three Streets 
 having extended themfeh'es to the Be- 
 ginning of the Defccnt of the Hill, 
 unite, and are doled in with an old 
 Gate, called Hungry or St. Mary's 
 Gate. 
 
 In this Street there is another Street 
 or Lane oppofite to Whitborn-flreet, and 
 is crolied by the High-Jlreet, which is 
 called, The Church- lane, becaufe it leads 
 to the Church-yard of St. Leonard, to 
 whom the Church is dedicated, which 
 Church-yard is half furrounded with 
 fair Buildings, all which enjoy a pure 
 healthful Air. The Church is a large 
 handfome Structure neatly pewed, and 
 at the Eaft End of it is a pleafanc 
 Walk fhaded with fine Elm-Trees, ha- 
 ving a moft delightful Profpeft. 
 
 At the South End of the Higb-JIreet is 
 hat Part called the CaJlJe, lying within 
 the Walls of the old Caftle. It contains 
 two Streets, united at the Caftle-gate, 
 from whence they divide and feparate, 
 having in them feveral large Gardens, 
 and extending to a confiderable Length, 
 reach to the Wall of the Yard of the 
 ancient collegiate Church of St. Mary 
 e. Thefe Gardens on the Eaft- 
 
 (ide of the Caftle have the Remains of 
 the old Caftle-Wall for their Fence. 
 They enjoy a fweet and curious Air, 
 and have a noble Profped towards the 
 River Severn. Upon the South Side of 
 the Hill, where the Town was built, 
 which is there very ftecp, was the Ca- 
 ftle raifed, and being founded on a . 
 Rock, was very ftrong for Situation and 
 Fortification ; but now it is demoliihecl 
 and in Ruins, nothing remarkable now 
 remaining, but afmall Part of the Tower 
 Wall, which being not wholly caft down 
 by their undermining in the unhappy 
 Wars, but only weakened by a great 
 Rent or Sciflure, remains in a tottering 
 Pofture, menacing the Deftru&ion of 
 fuch as go near it. 
 
 Some Part of the demolifhed Caftle is 
 converted into one of the fineft Bouling- 
 greens in this Kingdom, where Gentle- 
 men with their Recreation enjoy a moft. 
 pleafant Profpeft of the furrounding 
 Country ; Iron Balls being changed 
 into wooden Bouls. Upon the Brow of 
 thjs Caftle-Hill, and almoft round it 
 in a crooked Line, is a very pleafent 
 Walk with a moft delightful Profpeft, 
 and healthful Air, and a great Length, 
 where King Charles I. (^vho honoured 
 this Corporation with his Royal Pre- 
 fence three Times, during the late 
 unhappy Wars), delighted much to w<i!4c 
 during hio Abode here ; and was pleafed. 
 to fay, that he thought it the pleafantcfl 
 in his Dominions. On the Eaft Side it 
 entertains the Eye with a View of the 
 Lower Town, which is beautified with 
 fome very fair and ftately Structures^ 
 and rich Gardens ; as alfo of the River 
 Sevei'n, with the Hill of Mjrfe, and its 
 two Heights or Stages, with an inter- 
 mediate Plain or Table, one Parr of 
 which was formerly a Bouling-grcen; 
 the fecond Height terminates the Sight, 
 till you come to the South-Eaft Part of 
 this Walk,, and then makes a fudden 
 Steep to open a large and lovely Pro- 
 fpetofa moft pleafant Country, 
 
 From this Walk you have a pic a n> : 
 ProfpeS of the Severn Rowing \ 
 delicate Stream thro' a rich \ 
 verdent and flowry . Meado^
 
 6*11 
 
 S HR <P SHIR E. 
 
 Walk is inclofed from North to Soufh 
 with a rifing Ground, which foon pro- 
 duceth a more plain Land of a large 
 Extent, containing good Pafturage and 
 fruitful Fields, fome plain, others a 
 little hilly, with pleafant Valleys. 
 There is befides a very remarkable 
 Mount, not far diftant from the old 
 Citadel, called the Old Caflle. It feems 
 to be in a great Part the Produt of hu- 
 man Art, rather than Nature, refembling 
 A fmall Roman Encampment, and ap- 
 pears to have been entrenched about. 
 Some Villages and Church-towns are 
 in the Profpeft of it. And that nothing 
 maybe wanting to feed the Eye, there 
 are both low and higher Lands fliaded 
 vrith flourishing Trees and Groves, as 
 if Nature purpofed thereby to beautify 
 the Earth, and pi cafe the Sight. This 
 delightful Shew extends k fetf about 
 five Miles in moft Places, and then is 
 terminated with lofty Hills, and the. 
 Canopy of Heaven. And indeed the 
 Improvements of the Caltle contributes 
 much to the Plcafantnefs of the Walk 
 about it, no Part of it being deftittue 
 of neat Gardens or fightly Stru&ures, 
 infomuch that it may be faid, That it 
 was hardly ever known that fuch wafte 
 Ground was made better Ufe of, and fo 
 (ingularly improved. 
 
 The LowerTown is fitu ate very plea- 
 fantly between the Foot of the Hill and 
 the Bank of the River Severn ; it enjoys 
 an healthful Air as well as the High 
 Town. The Eaft Part is feated on the 
 Foot of the Mvrfe ; the Weft on or near 
 the Bank of the Severn, but parted in 
 fome Places from it by good Gardens 
 and fmall Parcels of Meadow, both plea- 
 fant and .profitable, being rich and 
 fruitful. This Town confifts chiefly of 
 three Streets, well paved, and as well 
 built, one is called the Briifae-ftreet, and 
 extends it ielf from the Foot of the 
 Bridge a considerable Space, and then 
 it parts, and branches it felf out into 
 wo noble and very large Streets 4 one 
 leads on the Right to the Foot of ihe 
 JMarfe, and is called Sr. John'* Street, 
 from a Religious Honfe in it in Times 
 i 
 
 ofPopery, which was dedicated to St- 
 John the Baptijl; the other Street 
 Stretches it felf to a great Length, and 
 is called MM Jlreet y becaufe it leads to 
 the Town-Mills, parallel to the River 
 on the Weft Side, and to Morfe on the 
 Eaft, and both clofed in with Ranges 
 of handfome Houfes, and adorned with 
 fome fine and ftately Stru&ures. 
 
 The adjacent Forell of Morfe, from 
 which Mr. Cambden thinks the Town took 
 its Name of Burghmorfe^ (which we have 
 {hewed is a Miftake) was formerly full 
 of ftarely Oakes, but now is fpoiled of 
 them, and become a naked Common, 
 but yet yields great Profit to the Town, 
 by feeding many Sheep for Food and 
 c loathing. Some Part of it is a Warren ; 
 and the cutting down of the Trees, 
 which harboured Fogs and un \yholelbme 
 Vapours, is thought to contribute much 
 to the Hcalthinefs of the Town, to 
 which the Severn with its filver Streams 
 adds not a little. The Hill of Morfe> 
 after a fudden Afcent to a moderate 
 Height, produces a large Plain; and 
 then is limited Eaftward by a fecond 
 Afcent to fuch an Height, as obftru&s 
 the Profpeft of the Plain. On the Top 
 of this Hill is a curious Horfe-courle 
 for Racing ; and when the Plain of the 
 lower Hill hath run a Parallel to the 
 Town's End, it is broken offby an hollow 
 Way cut out of a Rock, and running 
 a confiderable Length. More North it 
 breaks into little Hills or Mounts of 
 various Forms, fome of which are 
 thought rather to be artificial than na- 
 tural, tho' they arc generally fuppofcd 
 to be this later. Farther North near 
 the Bank of the River, is an Jii^h 
 craggy Rock, which hath fbmc great 
 Stones on the Top of it, which feem to 
 be loofe, and therefore are affrighting 
 to Strangers, who pafs under them in 
 the Road, which lies upon the Banks 
 of the Severn. From thefc pendent 
 Stones the Rock it felf is called Pendle- 
 fto>2e-Rock t tho' more commonly the 
 High Ro<k ; and the Mills near the Rock, 
 (belonging to the Town) Pendlejtone- 
 i. From the Summit of this Rock 
 
 'rifetb
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 673 
 
 rifeth another Hill, which has a fteep This Town is well furnifhcd with all 
 Afcent to a great Height; and on the Sores of Artificers, who deal in making 
 
 North Side of it there is a fteep (helving 
 Cliff, with lefler craggy Rocks break- 
 ing out in fomc Places like Wens or 
 Warts. When the wefterly Wind is 
 
 and felling the common Manufa&ures of 
 this Nation, as Cloaths, Leather, I~on- 
 Tools, &>c. and ir is very famous for 
 Gun-making", with divers other confi- 
 
 high, it reverberates from this Rock, derable Arts and Trades. Befides, it is 
 and makes Sailing on the Severn dan- as noted a Town for making of Stockings 
 gerous, efpecially if the Water of the 
 River be high. 
 
 The Town is an ancient Corporation, 
 for it hath a Charter granted to it by 
 King John, which mentions a former 
 given it by King Uemy II. 
 advantageous and great 
 which King J-ohn confirmed, and added 
 
 as any in the Kingdom. Nor doth it 
 want Carpenters and Joyners for building 
 of Houfes, or VefTels for the River. 
 
 Here arc two* Churches, the one with- 
 in the Caftle.at the South End of the 
 with many Town, called St. M.try Magdalene's. Tt 
 Privileges, is ftiled in ancient Records, Libera Re- 
 gia Capetta^ i. e. a. Free Chapel of the 
 
 fo many more to them, that for Priyi- King's, made exempt from Epifcopal 
 
 leges and Antiquities, it may vie with Jurifdi&ion by King J-dhn^ and is an old 
 
 moft- Country Corporations, if not in Building. The other Church is at the 
 
 all England. It is free from paying Pon- North End of the Town, fituate on the 
 
 tage, Toll and Cuftoms to any other higheft Part of the Hill, on which the 
 
 Towns, and receives from feveral. The Town Hands, and is called St. Leonard'^ 
 
 Government of it is by two Bailiffs, becaufe 'tis dedicated to that Saint, or 
 
 which are elefted every Year out of the the High-Chimb, by reafon of its Situ- 
 
 twenty-four Aldermen, (who are fuch ation. In the Times of Popery it was 
 
 as hove gone through the Offices of the a Chantry ; and in the late Civil Wars, 
 
 Town) together with a Recorder, when the Town was burnt, the Body of 
 
 Town-Clerk, and other inferior Officers ; the Church was fo damaged by the Fire, 
 
 the Bailiffs for the Time being are Lords 
 of the Manor for the Town and Liber- 
 ties. It fends two Members to Parlia- 
 ment,, who are ele&ed by the Majority 
 of the Votes of the Burgefles. Its 
 Market is weekly upon Saturday* and 
 
 that the Town was forced to rebuild it, 
 which hath not long been done. 
 
 The Parifhes are great, and the Towh 
 is populous; but the Incomes of the 
 Minifters of each Parifh are but fmall^ 
 the Rights and ancient Revenues being 
 
 is well repleniihed with all Manner of wholly alienated by the Statutes of Dif- 
 
 Grain, and whatever elfe is neceflary 
 
 or convenient for humane Life. It ha"th 
 
 four Fairs yearly ; two very great ones, 
 
 which have their Continuance for three 
 
 Days together each, and are reforted to 
 
 from moft Parts of theKingdom for buying 
 
 and felling Horfes, black Cattle, Sheep, 
 
 folution. So that the Stipends of the 
 Minifters- at prefent (who are only 
 Lefturers) arc, I. Five Pounds a Year 
 to each of them out of the Audit. 
 2. Ten Pounds a Year alfo to each of 
 them out of the Tithes and Glebe of 
 Avely, a Village in this Hundred 
 
 9iiiv* its 11x11 EL i. AVM, %9) L/AMX.A* v^**ki*v) vu\*wwf sj.wty ) ** T iiidt^w AH LIIID A AUUVII wil , 
 
 Butter, Cheefe, Bacon Linen-Cloath, whereas in the Times before the Diflb- 
 
 lution, the whole Prebend confifting of 1 
 Lands and Tithes, did belong to the 
 Collegiate Chapel of St. Mary Magdalene 
 aforefaid, which Prebend, with other 
 
 _. -,.. _._ . _ , Pofleflions belonging to that Chapel, 
 
 Shrove- Sunday, and two Days following, came to the Crown by the Statute afore"-. 
 The other two lefler Fairs are held, the faid. But Queen Elizabeth, in the 
 one on 19 June, and the Day following ; eleventh Year of her Reign, fettled ten 
 and the other on, ^^ July, and the Day Pounds per Ann. more, ifluing out of the 
 following. fa id Prebend for a Stipend and Salary 
 
 Hops in Abundance, and all or moft Sorts 
 of other Goods and Merchandize. The 
 biggeft of the four is kept on St. Lukes 
 Day, i8'0#06. and two Days after; the 
 other is kept on the Thttrfday before 
 
 q q 
 
 to
 
 S ffR OT S H'lR K 
 
 to the Chaplain, having the Cure of 
 Souls within the Parifli of St. Mary 
 Magdalene ', and the like Sum annually 
 to the Chaplain of St. Leonard'*. And 
 for an Augmentation of their Salaries 
 further, there is five Pounds per. Ann. 
 given them out of the Chamber, of the 
 Town ; and five Pounds per Ann. left 
 by Will to the Miniftcr of each Parifli 5 
 and a MelTuage of about four Pounds a 
 Year to chc Minitter of St. Mary Mag- 
 dalene, and three Pound? a Year to the 
 Aiiniftcrof Sr. Leonard's, by certain Be- 
 nefa&ors, which fhall be hereafter men- 
 tioned. And thefe with the Surplice- 
 Fees, ar.d he voluntary. Contributions of 
 the People, arc all the Profits which 
 are received from thefe two Livings, for 
 the Maintenance of the Minifters. 
 
 In the Reign of King Charles I before 
 the unnatural Rebellion broke out, there 
 were fome pious. Gentlemen bearing 
 Name of Feoffees, who tho' not incor- 
 porated by the King's Letters, or any 
 Aft of. Parliament, (yet, as Dr. Fuller. 
 fays) were legally fettled in Truft, to 
 p.urchafe in Jmpropriations,and thereby 
 increafe the Revenues of fmall Livings 
 tp afufficient Maintenance for a preach- 
 ipg Minittry, to which good Defign 
 nptany. Gentlemen and others contributed 
 liberally. Among thefe Sir William 
 Wbitmore of Apjey, the Patron of the- 
 Churches of this Place, was one of the 
 fp,rwardeft and moft generous, for .he 
 gave five hundred Pounds for. the Aug- 
 menting of the five Pounds per Ann. out 
 of the Audit, paid to Eridgnorth for a 
 Le&ure; apd eight Pounds to the Church 
 ojf Clavtrley, to fifty Pounds a-piece, 
 But by the Procurement of ArchbifJiop 
 L#ud, and the King's Attorney General 
 Ni^i, the whole Defign was quafhed, 
 l^id this Endowment of Sir W. Whit-; 
 n/ort "was feiied for the King's Ufe, as 
 bjcing forfeited by Law, for want of a. 
 Royal Licenfe and Charter to enjpower. 
 rbe.ni to form themfelvcs into fuch an* 
 iftc.wporation, 8 Car. I, But the Cafe, 
 of thefe Churches being afterward made 
 known to that.gcod Prince, he took up 
 , 19. con.un.ue., this.Qift. to 
 
 thefe Churches ; and to that End 
 an Order drawn up to fccure it for ever 
 to their Ufe, of which there is a Copy 
 ftill remaining in the Audit Court, pur- 
 porting a Settlement of the defigned 
 Augmentation to the Miniftersof Bridg- 
 north i out of the Prebend of Ehbury 
 and Reftory of P.reftaine ; but the Re- 
 bellion breaking out, and difmal Confu- 
 fions in Church and State, which enfued 
 thereupon, put a Stop to it then, and 
 fijice ir has not been revived. 
 
 Here is a Fj-ee-School for theBurge- 
 fes Sons inhabiting the Town r whofe 
 Revenue was in Queen Elizabeth's Days 
 (with the eight Pounds paid out of the 
 Audit, and an Augmentation made by 
 Sir, Rowland Heyward} twenty Pounds per 
 Ann, This Sir Ro<wL Heywavd y who,was 
 born, or educated in Gra-mmaticals, it 
 this Town, was twice Lord Mayor of 
 London ; the firft Turn; in the twelfth, 
 and the fecond Time in the J2d Year of 
 Queen Elizabeth's Reign, when Sir.Job* 
 AUot feryed the firft Part of the Year,! 
 and he the reft. Sk John Skyward his 
 Son added fix Pounds per Arm. more to 
 the School-matter's Stipend, and having 
 fettled this Gift of his Father upon the 
 School, impofed both as^a. Rent- Charge * 
 partly upon an Eftate of his lying in 
 and about Bridgnorth ; afterwards, fold 
 to Sir William Whifmore Baronet, -Jate of 
 Apley ; and partly upon an Eftwe of his 
 the faid Sir John Heyward, at Street- 
 Marjlmll. The faid Willtm Whitmord 
 builc a School-houfe, and a. Dwelling 
 for the School-matter, by an Agreement 
 with the Town and the head School- 
 matter, who was at that Time one Mr. 
 Jeffrotj and others who were concerned. 
 The head School- matter's Stipend was 
 then fettled a,t twenty-four Pounds pet. 
 Ann. with the Houfe-, and the.Under- 
 mafter'.s at ten Pounds per Ann* 
 
 Appendantto this School is the liberal 
 Donation of Edward Carfiwell^ Gent, late 
 of Bla,cklands, in the Pan fk of Bobbing* 
 ton, in the County of Stafford, deceafed^ 
 who fettled all. his. Eftate, which was 
 between four and five Hundred a Year 
 ia Reyqrfion, after fome, Lives, to be-.
 
 SHROT SHIRE. 
 
 charged and chargeable with the Main- 
 tenance of eighteen Scholars, in the 
 College of CMJl-Chtmh, Oxford, if 
 Lodgings and Conveniences could be 
 had there for them, or elfe in any other 
 College or Hall in Oxford, by allowing 
 them each for four Years, whilft Ln- 
 der-graduates, eighteen Pounds and 
 eleven Pence ; and after they have ta- 
 ken their Batchelor's Degree, the Sum 
 of twenty-one Pounds and eleven Pence, 
 yearly, for three Years ; and after they 
 have commenced Matters of Arts, the 
 Sum of twenty-feven Pounds and eleven 
 Pence, yearly, for three Years, and no 
 longer ; and thefe eighteen Scholars to 
 be chofen out of the Free-Schools fol- 
 lowing, viz. Three out of the Free- 
 School of Bridgnorth, four out of the 
 Free-School of Shrewsbury, four out ot 
 the School at Newport, two out of the 
 School of Wem, and two out of Running- 
 ton School, all of them. in this County 
 
 of Salop- 
 
 This Town and Caftle of Bridgnortk, 
 hath been divers Times fortified and 
 befieged, viz, in the Reign of King 
 Henry 11 Htigb de Mortimer, a Perfon ot 
 an haughty proud Spirit, endeavouring 
 to difpoflefi -King H*my 11 of the Throne 
 -which he was juft pofleflcd of, after K. 
 Stephen's Death, fortified this Caftle a- 
 gainft him, when the King hunfelf in 
 Perfon was prefent at the Siege of the 
 Caftle here, and being particularly le- 
 velled at by the Garrifon, had certainly 
 been fliot thro* the Body, had not H- 
 bert de St. Clare, or SyncJer, a truly va- 
 liant Man, and a great Lover of the 
 King, interpofed his own Body, and 
 received that Arrow into his Breaft, and 
 thereby his own Death's Wound, which 
 otherwise had been, in all Probability, 
 as mortal to the King. Mr. Cambden 
 fays, by this Fa& Synckr was Acceflary 
 to his own Drath ; but Mr. Sfeed calls 
 it an Aft of Piety worthy of a Statue 
 with Codrtts, Cttrtius and Manlius y who 
 Sacrificed themfelves for their Countrey. 
 Again, in the Breaking out of the late 
 Rebellion in 1641, King Charles 1. put 
 a Garrifon into this Town, in which the 
 
 '75 
 
 Caftle (as is before obferved) is firua- 
 ted upon an Hill fo fteep and high, that 
 the Afcent is very difficult every where, 
 and in many Places almoft impoflible, 
 and is in it (elf ftrongly built, and well 
 fortified ; but the Town was of no great 
 Strength, being defended only by ft 
 Mud-wall, Fofle and Palifadoes in great 
 Part, and fo was foon taken by the E- 
 nemy, tho* by Stratagem and Surprize. 
 In this Siege the High Town fuftcrcd 
 very much, being fired three Times. 
 But at laft, on the 2oth Day of April 
 1 644, being Eafter Day, a great Pare 
 of it was burnt to the Ground, with 
 the Church of St. Leonard's, which was 
 a large and magnificent StruSurc, as 
 alfo a large ancient Edifice, called, 
 Tfoe College, adjoining to St. Leonard's 
 Church-yard, and leverai other fine 
 Buildings near it. 
 
 The Occafion and Reafon of the 
 firing the Town, which was done by the 
 Order of Sir Lewis Kirke, then Gover- 
 nor of the Caftle, was, becaufethe Par- 
 liament Army had entred into the 
 Town, and approached the Caftle fe- 
 curely, under the Shelter of the Piazza's 
 or Cloifters of the High-ftreet, and the 
 Church was fired, bccaufe the Enemy 
 had made it their Magazine ; yet tho* 
 the Town was foon taken, the Caftle 
 defended it felf with much Bravery and 
 Refblution, a Month after the Town 
 was yielded up, and then was obliged to 
 capitulate for want of Ammunition, and 
 particularly of Powder ; and according 
 to the Articles of Capitulation, marched 
 to Worcester, which held out longer for 
 the King. Nor would this Garrifon have 
 fubmitted fo loon, if at all, had not Am- 
 munition failed ; for they had Plenty 
 of Provision, and a large Draw Well m 
 this Caftle, which furnilhed the Garifon 
 with Water fufficient for Man and 
 Beaft ; and the Rebel Enemies Canon, 
 after having play'd three Weeks againft 
 the Caftle or Citadel, could make no 
 Breach or considerable Impreflion in the 
 Walls. The Befieged made the Chancel 
 of St. Mary Magdalene's Church, adja- 
 cent to the Citadel, their Magazine, 
 q q z vhich
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 which when the Rebels undcrftood, they from whence it is called The Hermitage, 
 
 "began to fap, with a Defign to blow it in which was a Defcent by Steps into 
 
 Up but were prevented by the Capirn- the Earth to a great Depth, but of 
 
 lation. The Place is yet to be feen,and what Ufc it was, is not known. There 
 
 is called .LeDtntgofls Hole. It puffed was fuch another in one of the Cellars 
 
 through- a Rock of red Stone, and was of the Caftlc, and was thought to have 
 
 carried on within a few -Paces of the had a Communication with the other 
 
 Chancel. During^ the Siege, the Be- 
 fieged had planted great Guns upon the 
 Tower, which beirg very high, com- 
 manded all the Enemies Works, and 
 made a mighty Slaughter among them, 
 in which this was Hemarkable. The 
 Cftnoneer in the Tower Dior a Bullet 
 from the Tower into the Mouth of one 
 of the Biggeft of the Rebels Guns, 
 which not only burft the Gun, but kil- 
 led the Gunner, and fix or feven of his 
 Men. 
 
 There is in this Town a famed hollow 
 
 under the River Severn. 
 
 The Air of this Town is fo good and 
 healthy, that many of the Inhabitants 
 arrive at a very great Age ; many now 
 living are .above So. Years old, fomc 
 above ninety; and one who was buried 
 in the Year 1711, was one Hundred 
 and five at his Death ; which is ft well 
 known in the adjacent Parts, that many 
 refort hither for the Recovery of their 
 Health, and 
 
 other Benefits of the Air> 
 which are found by Experience. 
 
 The Water here is very good and 
 Way, leading from the .High Tvivn to v/holefo.me, with which' the Town ''is 
 
 ** * \ *~ i 1 * J i ^ ' r* ' t .. ' /* 11 
 
 the Bridge, much admired by Strangers, plentifully fupplied, partly by feveral 
 
 being hewn thro' a Rock to the Depth Conduits, to which it is conveyed in 
 
 of twenty Feet, where decpeft on the Leaden Pipes from a Spring half a Mile 
 
 * r rt f\ it.-".. _ 1 _ r Li l_l _1_ C.-. . *.! _ m __ m\ 
 
 Weft Side, but it grows lefs towards both 
 Ends. It is of a'very great Defcent ; 
 but it is made eafy by a convenient 
 Number of Steps at a fuitable Diftance, 
 with Rails on one Side, the Interval 
 between them being a very gentle De- 
 fcent ; at the Bottom of which, on the 
 South Side, are famous Caves or Grot- 
 to's for the keeping of Beer. Two of 
 them are old, and celebrated in Hiftory ; 
 and were at the Coming in of King 
 Charles II. noted for Wine-Vaults. 
 There is another lately made very 
 neat and curious, with very fine Gar- 
 
 from the Town. This was the noble 
 Gift of the great Benefaftor to this 
 Place, Sir WjUiam Whitmore, Barf, 
 created ij.jpac. I. partly by a Water 
 Engine, which throws up fuch a Quan- 
 tity of the Water of the Severn, (as is 
 fumcient for the whole Town) to the 
 Top of the Caftle-Hill, which is fixty 
 Yards higher than the River. This 
 wondrous Piece of Art was projefted and 
 performed by thofe that ere&ed the 
 new Water-Works at London Bridge. 
 By the Waters alfo here, the Town is 
 very well fupplied with Food ; for 
 
 dens'on the Top of them all. Bcfides there are very good Mills belonging to 
 thefe Caves, there arc about this Town the Town, built upon a little River. 
 
 l_ ^ ;/-) f\ \rt' *!- -- "1"* .1- ., tl _ J fJfT /V _.!_?_ 1_ ._*.'_ '. /(/*.* 
 
 jnany Dwellings hewed in the Rockj 
 where many Families do live* and over 
 rhcn.1, inftead of Tiles, OT other Cover- 
 ings of Art, they are covered by Nature, 
 having over them fine Gardens, and 
 pther pleafant Walks. 
 
 called Worfe, which empties ic felf into 
 the Severn ; they are four Mills nhcfe'r 
 one Roof, granted to the Town by the 
 Crown by Charter, rcferving only fen, 
 Pounds fev'Ann. as a chief Rent. 
 
 This Town hath had many Bencfac- 
 
 On the Caftlc-Hill here i* a pleafanr tors, i. In general to the whole Corpo- 
 ring, the Water of which hath been-, ration/ a. "in particular td the two 
 - 
 
 fo-und'afovcreignJU-medy for fore R hen- Fiirifhcs diftinft'ly. The gcnera-1 Bene- 
 inatick Eyes; and upon the Brow of the' ixtftors arc 
 upper HiH of Mrfe, is an old Carey 
 the Habitation f an Herrair, 
 
 TJC latiois ajc 
 
 ve r WiSia* Puft? of W& Eafer, in the" 
 
 iir, County O f /-, Gent, fi s left an
 
 E. 
 
 Houfe and Lands to the Value of twenty 
 Pounds per Ann, in Beaucbamps Retiring^ 
 in the fame County, ordering, that fix- 
 teen Pounds be given annually out of 
 the fame to two hopeful young Men, 
 (Relations to be preferred before others) 
 if they want or ftand in Need of it. 
 
 One Mr. Lamb gave for the Support 
 of the Cloathing Trade, and encouraging 
 that Manufa&ure, the Sum of one hun- 
 dred Pounds, to be put into the Hands 
 of certain induftrious Perfons, to be 
 improved for their Interefts, and no 
 Ufe to be. paid for it. 
 
 Francis Blakc-ivay of Wejlon, a little 
 Village near Brldgnorth, Gent, gave two 
 hundred Pounds to be employed for the 
 lame Purpofe ; but willed,' that fuch as 
 Had the 'Ufe of if, fhould pay four 
 Pounds per .Ann. Intereft, for the 
 Benefit of the poor Spinners of the 
 Corporation, to which Benefaftion his 
 Brother, who had been Town-Clerk, 
 added forty Pounds ; and one Mr. "Fran- 
 cis Preen, a Relation of his, forty Pounds 
 more, both of- them for the Ufe and 
 Relief of the Poor of the Town. 
 
 The Reverend Mr.. Frauds Palmer, 
 Re&or of Sanc.y, left eight hundred 
 Pounds to build and endow an Hofpital 
 for ten poor Widows of the Upper Town, 
 which was after his Deceafe, ere&ed by 
 his Truftees in the High Church-yard, 
 and endowed with fuch Lands as were 
 purchafed with the Remainder of the 
 Money. 
 
 The Reverend Mr. Franks Wheeler,. 
 Archdeacon of Salop, and Minifter of 
 Er'idgenorth, left by his Will certain 
 Lands, then let out to Farm at twenty- 
 three Pounds per Ann. to the Bailiffs and 
 Burgeffes of this Corporation, and the 
 feveral Church-Wardens of eachParlfh, 
 as. Feoffees in truft, for giving and di- 
 ffributing five Pounds per Am. to the 
 Poor of each Parifh, and five Pounds. 
 per Ann. to the Minifter of each- Parifh, 
 with the Improvement of the Lands, if 
 any fhall happen; the remaining three 
 Pounds per Ann. to be d-fpcfed of to 
 the Church and Poor ijfr ether Places 
 jbereia afllgned. 
 
 6 77 
 
 One Mr. Floyd of Worcejle*, gave 
 twenty Pounds to this Corporation, for 
 the Benefit of four young Alen, to whom 
 five Pounds fhould be lent without In- 
 tereft' for three Years, giving fufficient 
 Security for the Repayment of the faid 
 five Pounds at the Expiration of the 
 Time. 
 
 2. Particular Benefactors are, i. To 
 St. Mary Magdalene's Parifh, viz* 
 
 Mr. Wrotkfiey, who gave an hundred 
 Pounds to this Corporation, and ordered, 
 that the Intereft, of fifty Pounds of ic 
 fhall be yearly paid to this Parifh, for 
 the putting out of fome poor Children 
 Apprentices; and the Ufe of the other 
 fifty Pounds mould be paid to the Pa- 
 rifh of St. Leonard's for the fame Ufe> 
 
 Sir Robert Lee, K.nt. and Alderman o 
 the City of London, gave a Parcel o 
 Land of fix Pounds per Ann. for t'.u 
 Ufe of the Poor of this Parilh for 
 ever. 
 
 Edw.i rd ErcadfieU, Gent, gave a Silver- 
 Bowl, for the Ufe of the Com muni-. 
 cants. 
 
 Madam Afton gave a fine Carpet for 
 the Communion Table, 
 
 William Hammond, Gent, gave a M^f 
 fnase of four Pounds per Ann. to tfie 
 prefect Preaching Minifter of this a~' 
 rifh, and his Succeffors, for ever. 
 
 2. Particular 'BenefaSors to St. 
 nani's Parifh, are, 
 
 Sir William Whitmvre, Baronet, Graud- 
 foa of the above-mentioned Sir fF; //- 
 the great Patron and Benefactor of th -V- 
 Town, who departed this Life about the 
 Bcgjiming of this Century, laki out fi 
 Pounds in repairing of the Church- 
 Steeple of this Panfli ; and W<1< 
 Wl'itmove, Efq; repaired the Weft Bnd 
 of the Church at the Charge of twelve 
 Pounds. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Lsuglton, Widow,; <%-. ve a 
 filver Flagon, foy the Ufe of the Curs.-- 
 muaicants. 
 
 Mr. TViffiam Clw?, Surgeon, gave bf . 
 his laft Will ten- Shillings for ever, foi 1 
 to I;: grcHclrca - ; p'rly. ;
 
 A 11 
 
 U 
 
 the eleventh Day of January;- and or- 
 dered, that on the fame Day, three 
 Shillings mould be diftributed to the 
 Poor of the Alms houfcs, by his Ex- 
 ecutors, out of the fame Fund, by 
 which the ten Shillings is to be paid. 
 
 Lancelot Taylor, Gent, gave one filver 
 Cup and Cover, for the Ufe of the 
 Communicants. 
 
 John Lem, Gent, gave in his Life- 
 time iifry Pounds for ever, to purchafe 
 Lands, for the Augmentation of the 
 Minifter and his Succeflbrs Reve- 
 nue. 
 
 Henry "Bourn of London, Gent, gave 
 fifty Pounds to this. Parifli, to purchafe 
 Lands, with the Rents and Profits 
 annually arifing from them, for the Be- 
 nefit of the Poor thereof, to be diftribu- 
 ted among them every Lord's Day in 
 the Year for ever. 
 
 Mr. Edward Jackfon Sen. of the Parifli 
 of Chrijl Church in Surrey, and late Al- 
 derman of Bridgnorth, left by Will to 
 this Parifh one hundred Pounds. 
 
 Mrs. Huxley, Widow, gave one filver 
 Salver, and Napkin, for the Ufe of 
 the Communicants. 
 
 This Town h**4jeen a Place famous 
 for feveral eminentMen, viz. 
 
 Dr. George Singe, alias Millington, was 
 r born of a gentile Jamily in this Town. 
 
 & U 1 JK. Jl* 
 
 He had his Academick Improvements in 
 BalioL College in Oxford, and being 
 made Maiter of Arts in 1616, afterwards 
 became Chaplain to Dr. Cbrijlopker Hamp- 
 ton, Archbifliop of Armagh, who not 
 only made him his Vicar General, but 
 Dean of Dromore. In 1638, he was con- 
 fecrated at Tredjgh Bifhop of Chine, and 
 foon after was made one of the King's 
 Privy Council in Ireland; but upon the 
 Breaking out of the Rebellion in that 
 Nation in 16*41, he was forced to fly to 
 IDublin for his own Security, wh-re he 
 continued fome Years ; and as 'tis faid, 
 upon the Death of Dr. John Max<weU, in 
 Feb. 1646", was nominated to fucceed him 
 in the Archbiflioprick of Tuam. But 
 the Irijh Affair^ were then fo turbulent 
 and dangerous, that he durft not ftay to 
 be confecrated ; but coming into Eng- 
 land the next Year, fettled in this his 
 native Place, where he remained till his 
 Death, which happened in 1653. He 
 was a learned Man, elpecially in Po- 
 lemical Divinity, and the Civil and 
 Canon Law. He wrote a Reply to 
 Mahne, the Jefuit's Anfwer to Arch- 
 bifhop Ujber's Anfwer to his Challenge. 
 He was buried in St. Mary Magdalene's 
 Church, and in this Epitaph put on his 
 Tomb, he is thus characterized, 
 That he was 
 
 Vir gravis admoctum, fie Dolfus, pr<eferti>n In Polemic 7%eo- 
 logi<e, & Juris utriufn', Scientia, procerioris prtterea Stature, 
 forma decor*, et Generof* converfationis. 
 
 ' T*dward Singe, alias 2MiBivgtofi 9 his 
 younger Brother, was allb born in this 
 'Town, and educated in Oxford. He was 
 a Man learned, and made Bimop of 
 Ccrke, Chyne and Rofle in Ireland. He 
 died in 1670 ; but his Sees were divi- 
 ded after his Death, viz. Cloyne was 
 given to Dr. Patrick Sherendon, and the 
 other to Dr. Edward Wbitenkal. 
 
 Coll. Francis EiUinpjley, in maintaining 
 the Siegeof this Place againft the Par- 
 liament Army, loft his Life in Defence 
 of his Sovereign King Ckarlet Ift's 
 Caufe. 
 
 Robert Let, the Son of Humtlrey Lee, 
 of this Town, being bred a Merchant 
 
 Taylor in London, was fo profperous in 
 his Bufinefi, that he was chofen Lord 
 Mayor of that City in 1602. Next 
 to this Market- Town, we think that the 
 chief Place among the Villages is 
 due to 
 
 Stottejdon, oecaufe the Hundred doth 
 certainly take its Name from it. It 
 was in the Confeflbr's Time, as appears 
 by Domefday-Book, the Manor and E- 
 ftate of Edwyn Earl of Mercia. ; but he 
 rebelling againft the Conqueror, it was 
 in all Probability given to Reger de 
 Montgomery, in whofe Family it remain- 
 ed fo long as Male Heirs continued; 
 but afterward we find not whither it 
 
 went,
 
 >renr, tho' there was a Daughter named 
 Sibili left. Mr. Thomas Amias, Reftor 
 of this Parifh, was deprived of his Living 
 by the Parliament Commiflioners, and 
 one Eaflbam^ firft put into it. He lived 
 to the Reiteration, and Mr. Regln. Fen- 
 low, the prefent Incumbent refigned it 
 to him* 
 
 Accleton y or, as- we find- it in ancient 
 Writings, Archelon y was, in Edward the 
 GonfeiVor's Reign, as we obferve from 
 Domefday-Book, the Manor and Eftate 
 of Ediain Earl of Mercia, and being 
 forfeited by his Rebellion againft the 
 Conqueror, was given to Roger de Mcnt- 
 gomery, in whofe Family it continued 
 fome Succeffions i but Iflfue Male failing, 
 we can't difcover in whofe Pofleffion it 
 was in After-ages.. 
 
 Aveley Upfer, the ancient Seat of the 
 worthy ana worfliipful Family of the 
 litttletotit, Baronets. It is a magnificent 
 Stru&ure, fituate upon the River-fide, 
 and hath curious, and pleafant Walks. 
 
 Brandon, a Village fituate a little way 
 Eaft of the River Temd, where is a 
 fvngle Square-work with four Ports, ve- 
 ry commodioufly contrived, as having 
 near it that River to fervc them with 
 Water, which is a certain Argument, 
 that it was caft up by the Rvnians, be- 
 caufe Water was a Thing, which they 
 wese always careful to fecure, if pof- 
 fij>le, \vhere ever they had a Camp, or 
 fettled a Colony or Station. So that it 
 is a Rclick of the Remans. 
 
 Caynham, or Cafham, the Manor ad 
 Eftate of Morliiir- Earl of Northumberland, 
 appears from Domefday-Book ; but wo 
 read not of any Wife or Iflue that he 
 left, and fo can't determine who had his 
 Estate after him ; but 'tis probable the 
 Conqueror feiied it, and gave it to his 
 Farourite Roger de Montgomery, whofe 
 this County became almoft- entire. Ralph 
 de Mortimer held it under him ; and his 
 Son Hugh having perfefted the Founda- 
 
 of the Abbey of Wtgmore^ which 
 his Father had begun, endowed it with 
 this Manor of Cayham, and other E- 
 ftatcs. 
 
 Clebury, Cbcbxry, Gteybary, and in an- 
 cient Writings, Mortimers Cl6ttry t from 
 
 SHRO T SHIRR 679 
 
 the ancient Lords of it the Mortimers ; 
 for we obferve, that Ralph At Mortimer, 
 at the Time of the General Survey, had 
 fifty Manors in this County, (nineteen 
 of which he held of Rger de Montgomery 
 Earl of Shrewsbury) and among them 
 this of Clebury ; for Hugh his Son. 
 built a Caftle here, and being aealous 
 for the Succcflion of King Stephen's 
 Heirs, did all he could to hinder King 
 Henry II. of the PolTeflion of the Crown, 
 exciting Roger Earl of Hereford to join 
 with him. To efleft his Defign, he 
 fortified all his Caftles, among which 
 Were this of Cleobitry and Erid^north. 
 Gilbert Follot, Bilhop of Hereford, pre- 
 vailed with Roger to lay down his Arras, 
 but Hugh continued obftinatc; where- 
 upon the King railed an Army, and 
 befieged this Caftle, which having taken, 
 he demolished it to the Ground, becaufe 
 he judged that it would be a NurTery of 
 Rebellion ; fo that there are at this . 
 Day fcarce any Remains of it. But- by ? 
 his Submiffion to the King, he obtained 
 a Pardon, and lived peaceably and 
 honourably many Years after under him. 
 He having compleated the Abbey o 
 Wigmore in Herefordfiire, begun by his 
 Father, fettled this Church of Cleobxry 
 for Part of the Endowment ; and at 
 length being tired with the Bufinefs of 
 the World, became a profefled Canorv 
 of the Abbey of Wigmore, but died at 
 this Place, and was here buried, 31 Ren. 
 IL 1188. This Manor continued many 
 Succeffions in his Family ; for we find 
 that Edmund Lord Mortimer died pof- 
 fefled-of this Manor, 5 Edw. III. 1531, 
 leaving Elizabeth his VVidyw, who ob- 
 tained two Parts of this Manor, with o- 
 ther Eftates, for her Dowry; and the-- 
 third Part defcended, with other Lord- 
 Ihips, to Roger his Son; and from him, 
 after ibme other Delcents, ir came with 
 many other Eftates to Edmund Lord 
 Mortimer Earl of March, who left ir, 
 
 with his other great Eftates, to his Si- 
 fter and Heir Anne, who was married to 
 Richard Plantagmet Duke of York', from 
 whom it pafled to the Crown, by his 
 Son and Heir -Edward? afterwards King 
 Edward. IV. who derived his Title to 
 
 the-
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 the Crown from his Mother. We place 
 this Town among the Villages, becaufe 
 tho* it be ranked in our VULvrei and 
 Maps, with the Market-Towns of this 
 County, yet \ve can't find that it ever 
 had the Privilege of Markets or Fairs. 
 
 Not far from this Town, upon the 
 Northern Banks of the Temd, arifeth an 
 Hill of no difficult Afcent, called Che 
 6r Clay -Hi M, famous for producing the 
 beft Pit -COK! ; and not without fome 
 Veins of Iron. There are alfo fome 
 Remains of an ancient Camp.. 
 
 Robert Langland, who was born at 
 Mortimers Clebury, renders it famous. He 
 was bred a Prieft, but wanting neither 
 Wit nor Learning he bad fuch an In- 
 light into the SupcrfHuons and Errors 
 of the Romifr Church, ihat he became 
 one of the Followers of Wickliffe, and fo 
 by a Prolepjif might be termed a Prote- 
 ftant. He wrore a Book, called, The 
 Vijion of Pierce the Plowman, of which 
 the Judicious and Learned SeUen (in his 
 Notes on #pfyatluon, p. 109.) gives this 
 Character. " It is written in a kind of 
 *' EngUfi Metre, which Difcovery of 
 " the infecting Corruptions of thofe 
 " Times, I prefer before many of the 
 " more/eemingly ferious Inve&ives, as 
 *' well far .Invention as Judgment." 
 Dr. Fuller is of Opinion, that the Book 
 firft fet forth by William Tiuda!, and 
 (ince exemplified by Mr. Pox in His Mar- 
 tyrology, ^.. 5Zf. called, The Prayer and 
 Complaint of the Plowman, tho' it be 
 written in Prole, and differs in Stile, 
 yet being written on the fame SubjeS, 
 and at the fame Time, and in the fame 
 Language, hath the fame Author. Fit- 
 z<eus mentions him not becaufe he was 
 uu Enemy to Popifh Corruptions. He 
 flourifhed in the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward III. Anno i 369. If any Per Jon be 
 fo curious a, to read this Piece of An- 
 tiquity, they will find the old Words 
 row quite out of Date, explained partly 
 by Dr. Fuller in his Worthies of this 
 Shire, under the Title of Roh. Langland, 
 p. 8. and partly by Mr. Fox, in the 
 Margin of the Book. 
 
 .CbelmarJ}), or, as it is written in 
 
 Domefday-Book, Celmeres, was, in the 
 Confeflbr's Reign, the Lordfhip and 
 Eitate of Edwin Earl of Mercia ; but 
 being afterward forfeited to the Con- 
 queror by his Rebellion, (in which he 
 was ilain) it was given to Roger de Mont- 
 gomery Earl of Shrewsbury, in whofe Fa- 
 mily it continued fome Succeffions; but 
 to whom it defcended afterward, we 
 can't difcover, till we find it in the 
 PofTeffion of EdmundLord Mortimer Earl 
 of March and Wfier, 49 Edward III. and 
 by him given to the Abbot and Convent 
 of Wigmore and their Succeflbrs for ever, 
 to find a Secular Prieft to be continual- 
 ly refident in the Church of Lent-Wardin, 
 to fing : Mafs daily for the Souls of his 
 Father, Mother, his Children, and all 
 his Anceftors, which that he might at- 
 tend conftantly upon, he was not al- 
 lowed to have a Benefice, and was to 
 be presented by the Bifhop of Hereford, 
 the Diocefan. His Salary was ten Marks 
 to be paid half yearly out of this Ma- 
 
 Dudmafton, a. Village lltuate upon the 
 Severn on the Eaft Side, of Note for the 
 Seat of the ancient and worthy Family 
 of the Wolriches, Baronets. It hath been 
 lately rebuilt, and is a noble Stru&ure. 
 The firft Baronet of this Family was Sir 
 Thomas Wolrich, Knt. who was made a 
 Baronet by King Charles 'I. 2 Aug.' 164.1, 
 Rag. 1 7. The riling Ground on which 
 his Houfe ftands, gives it a delightful 
 Profpeft, and a clear Air. 
 
 Gataker, famous for nothing but for 
 the Family of Gatakers, who have been 
 To firmly planted at Gataker-HaU in this 
 PUcc, that they have flourifhed, and 
 been Owners thereof, by an uninter- 
 rupted Succeflion, from the Time of 
 King Edward the Confeffor. Of this 
 .Family two Perfons of Eminency are 
 come to our Knowledge; i. Thomas 
 Gataker the Younger, Son of William 
 Gataker, of this Place. He being defjgn- 
 ed by his Father for a PraHfer of the 
 Law, was, after his Grammaticals. 
 brought up in the Temple, London; and 
 having an Opportunity in the Reign of 
 Queen Maty, to be often prefentat the 
 ooi ,tiMa roajwAft. EX-
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Examinations of the perfecuted People, 
 not only much' pi tied the hard Ufage 
 they met with for their holy Opinions ; 
 but was fo wrought upon by their Con- 
 ftancy and Arguments, as to approve of 
 them, notwithftanding the Power of the 
 Enemies of Truth. His Parents, who 
 were zealous for the Popifh Do&rines 
 foon perceived his Inclinations, and 
 thereupon inftandy fcnt him over to 
 Lovalne in the Low Countries, that he 
 might by his Converfation with Perfons 
 of their Judgment, be fully fettled in 
 the Popim Religion ; and for his great- 
 er Encouragement, made over an E- 
 ftate of one hundred Pounds a Year, 
 old Rents, to him. But the Truth 
 ftuck too faft in his Mind to be rooted 
 out by fuch Company, which his Father 
 -being made fennble of, recalled him 
 home, and revoked his Grant, which 
 he permitted, in RefpeS to his Parents, 
 tho* without his Confent it could not 
 have been done. Being thus deferted 
 by his Father, he turned his Mind to 
 Divinity, and having found fome 
 Friends to breed him up in Oxford, he 
 became at length the profitable Paftor 
 of St. Esmond's Lombard Jlreet, London, 
 where he died. His Son 
 
 Thomas Gataker, Minifter of Redrith in 
 Surrey, was worthy of fuch a Father, 
 being equal in Piety, and liiperior in 
 Learning. He was the Author of the 
 Book Of Letts. He was educated in 
 St. John's College, Cambridge, and e- 
 le&ed Fellow of Sidney College, while it 
 was in Building, where he became re- 
 markable for his Skill in the Greek and 
 Hebrew Tongues. Being Minifter of 
 Redrith, he was chofen one of the Aflem- 
 bly of Divines, and was juftly efteemed 
 one of the moft Eminent among them. 
 He was highly efteemed by Salmajius, 
 and other learned Foreigners. As to his 
 Charater in general, it is hard to fay, 
 which was moft remarkable in him. 
 His exemplary Piety or Charity; his 
 polite Learning or Humility and Mo- 
 defty in refufing Preferments. 
 
 Kinlet, a fmall Village, the Seat of 
 the ancient and noble Family of the 
 
 Ekunts, a Name very famous 'in thofc 
 Pans, and denoting Golden Locks. Ro- 
 bert de Blound, or Blunt, their original 
 Anceftor in England, came in with the 
 Conqueror, and from him have defcend- 
 ed many Branches, which have fpread 
 themfelves into all Parts of England al- 
 moft. Walter de Blunt, who lived in 
 the Reign of King 'Edward IV. was a 
 Perfon of great Merit; and as a Re- 
 ward of his Services, was made Lord 
 Treafurer of England, and Lord Mount- 
 joy, 4 Edio. IV. 
 
 Nyneton, or Nuneton, the Manor and 
 Eftate of Leofric Earl of Menia, in K. 
 Edward the Confeflbr's Time, as appears 
 by the Conqueror's Survey ; from him. 
 it pafled to his Son Algar, whofe Son 
 Edwin forfeited it to the Conqueror, 
 who gave k to Roper de Montgomery, 
 &c. 
 
 Quatford, or Qu.idford, a fmall Vil- 
 lage, about a Mile diftant from Brldg- 
 north, the Manor of which belonging to 
 Roger de Montgomery Earl of Shrewsbury^ 
 he built a Church here upon this Occa- 
 fion. Adaliza his Wife, coming out of 
 Normandy, there happened fo great a 
 Storm at Sea, that nothing but Ship- 
 wreck was cxpe&ed by the Mariners ; 
 but her Chaplain being wearied wifh 
 much watching, fell faft afleep, and as 
 he lay at Reft, a venerable Matron 
 appeared to him, and faid, If your Lady 
 will make a Vow to build a Chunk to St. 
 Mary Magdalene, In the Place where Jbe 
 frft meets the Earl her Husband in Eng- 
 land, jhe fiali be preferved from the Datt- 
 ger of this Tempeft. This Vifion being 
 told his Lady, flie prelently vowed ac- 
 cordingly, and got fafe to Shore ; from 
 whence going towards her Husband at 
 Shrewsbury, me met him in this Place 
 a hunting, and telling him the Vifion, 
 he willingly fulfilled her Vow, and 
 built this Church at Quatford, and de- 
 decating it to St. Mary Magdalene, en- 
 dowed it with ample PoflTeflions, and 
 gave it to his Collegiate Chapel in the 
 Caftle of Bridgnorth. Robert de Relefme, 
 his eldeft Son, coming to his Father's 
 Inheritance in England, by the Death of 
 R r r r his
 
 682 
 
 fcis younger Brother Hugh, removed this 
 Town of guatford, but whither, we find 
 not. 
 
 In taking this Survey of the Towns 
 and Villages of this County, we meet 
 with fo many in ancient Records and 
 Surveys, efpecially Domefday-Book, of 
 which \ve can difcover no Footfteps ei- 
 ther in our Maps or Hiftories, that we 
 can't but take Notice of fome of them ; 
 if for no other Reafon, yet to fliew 
 what Dettru&ion Time makes, and 
 how careful we have been to let no- 
 thing pafs us in this County that is ma- 
 terial, viz.. 
 
 Morkar, Earl of Northumberland, was 
 found poflbflbd of thefe Manors in the 
 Reign of Kijig Edward the Confeflbr, 
 Nejbam, Cuneed, Wardine and Ittefoale. 
 . Edwin, Earl of Mevciaf as appears 
 from DomeiHay-Book, was in the lame 
 Reign feiaed of thefe Manors, Eiminjlre, 
 Eliefmales and Plivefdonc. 
 
 William Fitz-alan of Chin, I a Hew. III. 
 left to his Son John Fitz-alan, thefe Vil- 
 lages, Neffe, JMttlfcrd,' Edenefdet?, -Forton 
 and Wtttegb, W-hich his lecond Wife 
 Haivife de Blancmiiifter, had afligned to 
 her for her Dower, and has. Son 
 
 procured a Charter of free Warren for 
 his Manors of Lavingtofl, Troghford, Ro- 
 dington and Stak&i. John Fitz-alan Earl 
 of Arundel, alfo died leized of EdkenhaU y 
 C I anbury, Clongoneford, Sonford and OJte- 
 ton. 
 
 In the Family of the Mortimers, who- 
 were afterwards Earls of March, there 
 were feveral Manors, as Nene, Hughy* 
 Scbobdon, Ahnondjlreo., "Bull'io Ernivodf, 
 Hugtey and Tykenhull, or Tyknill, tlie 
 Foreft of Wire and Town of Beaabren. 
 
 In the Family of the Burnetts, Endoti~ 
 Burnett, Ttrohhampton, Tbrongland, Aft- 
 wall, Rome four ft, Lonpfeld-Cheyne t Act cm 
 Reifffier^ Tajljoll, Ambafton, Acton Pigot 
 and Streford, which pafled Part of them 
 to the Level Family. 
 
 In the Family of the Lovells there 
 were thefe Manors, not derived from 
 the Bvrnels, as appears to us, -viz- Av~ 
 dufoefton, Bujhbary, Wigge.ote, Rcnton. 
 
 In the Family ofCherlton, Lord Potuis, 
 Place-Divas, and Lythem. Thefe Villa- 
 ges we are obliged to range under the 
 Families which pofleflcd them, becaufe 
 we could not find them in our Vi Hares, 
 to put them under thefeveral Hundreds 
 in which they are.
 
 SHR O <P SffIR E. 
 
 
 
 7 e meet with none of our Nobility that have taken 
 their Titles from this Shire ', and therefore proceed 
 tofuch Men ofEminency, as our Hiftorians ajjure 
 us were of it y but ajfgn no Place of their Birth or 
 Habitation. 
 
 William Tbyae, alias Sotevil*, edu- 
 cated at Qxfor d, and afterwards 
 retiring to the Court, patted through 
 divers petty Offices, but at length be- 
 came Clerk of the Kitchin to King 
 Henry VIII. and was fo confiderable 
 there, that Erafmtts takes Notice of 
 him, under the Title of Thinntts Aulicut. 
 He was always poetically given from his 
 Youth, and for that Reafon mode a 
 ftriS: Search after all the Works of 
 Jeffrey Chaucer, the Prince of our EngHJb 
 Poets, many of which being then only 
 in Manufcript, he gathered together, 
 and uniting them with the printed Co- 
 pies, he took great Pains to corrcft and 
 amend them, printed them all together 
 in one Volume in Folio, with fomo 
 Notes and Explanations, which he de- 
 dicated to King Henry VIII. 1 542- John 
 Sfo<U7,tbe London Chronologer, corrected, 
 increafed and published the fame Au- 
 thor, with divers ample Notes collected 
 out of feverai ancient Records and Mo- 
 numents, which were publifhed by his 
 Friend Thomas Speght, a Cantabrigian, 
 mixed with fome of his own Notes, Anno 
 
 1 597- 
 Nathaniel Torperley, bred in Cbrijt- 
 
 Church, Oxford, where he became one of 
 the Students of the Houlc. After he had 
 taken his Matter's Degree, he left the 
 Univerfity, and travelling into France, 
 was for two Years, or more, Amanuenpt 
 to the celebrated Mathematician, Fran- 
 cis-Viet* of Fontenay, in the Province of 
 poiclou, where he attained a fufficient 
 Knowledge of Mathematicks and Aftro- 
 nomy. After his Return into England, 
 he retired to London, ^and became to fa- 
 
 mous fdr his fingular Knowledge in thofe 
 Sciences, that the great Earl of Nor- 
 thumberland, Henry Piercy r who was a 
 generous Favourer of all good Learning, 
 took him into his Patronage, and allow- 
 ed him out of his own Eftate a yearly 
 Penfion for feverai Years. He was alfo 
 Recior of Sal-warp in W rcejlerjhtre t 
 where he refided fometimes; but being; 
 a Student and moft eminent Member or 
 S'IOK College, London, he moftly abode 
 there, and at length dying there, was 
 buried in the Church of St. Alpbage, 
 which is near that College. He hath 
 left divers Mathematical Writings in 
 MS. and one againlt Framis Vleta, which 
 are to be feen in Sion^Coilege Library, to 
 which he gave his Mathematical In- 
 ftrtiments, and a brals Clock. 
 
 Thomas Ball, Mafter of Arts of Cam" 
 bridge, and Minifter of the Gofpel at 
 Northampton. He being under the Tu- 
 ition of Dr. John Prefton, while he was 
 in Queen's College, Cambridge, wrote the 
 DQ&or's Life, and another Book, cal- 
 led Pajlorum Propugnaculum ; or the Pa- 
 tronage of the Pulpit againft unordained 
 Preachers. He died at Northampton 
 21 June 1659, tat. 69. 
 
 Francis Dee, the Son of David Dee, 
 and G rand fon of Bede Dee, was defcend- 
 ed of an ancient Family in this Coun- 
 ty. He being Doftor of Divinity of 
 St. John's College, Cambridge, was made 
 Chancellor of the Church of Salisbury; 
 and in 1630, Dean of Chichefter, in 
 which Place he continued not above 4. 
 Years before he was elefted Bifhop of 
 Peterborough, and foou after inftallecJ. 
 He was eiteemed a Perfon of * very 
 R r r r ^ pious
 
 S H R - 
 
 pious Life and Converfation, and a molt the maintaining of two Fellows and' 
 
 atfable Behaviour. A little before his two Scholars therein. for ever ; the Scho- 
 
 Death, he gave to, the Mafter and lars to tie elefted out of Peterborough 
 
 Senior Fellows of St. John's College, School. He died in 1638, and was bu- 
 
 the impropriatc Parfonage of Pagham. ried. at the upper End of the -Quire of 
 
 in Suffex, (which he held, by Leafe of the Cathedral Church of Peterborough, 
 
 the Cathedral Church of.Cavtetbuty) for near- the Epifcopal Seatr 
 
 BARONETS of this County are 
 
 Lee of'tangley, Efq; created 3 May 1620* 
 j^. Thomas Harris, Efq; of Boreaton, created 22 Dec. 1622. 
 Thomas Harris ofTonge-CaJlIe, Serjeant at Law, created 1 2 Apr. 162$. 
 >*jci& Corbet of Stoke, Efq; created 19. Sept. 1627. . 
 
 "' Henry Frederick Tlyrn?e of Caus-Caftle, Efq; 7 ^7 * r *. 
 
 fince made Vifcount Weywutb, * ' $ created ^ ? al * l6 * 1 ' Bar ' 
 
 ir. Thomas Wolrkle of Dudmajlojj, Knt. created *,Atig. $641. Bar. 329 ; 
 
 Erlggs of HattgttoK, Efq; created 12 Aug. 1641. Bar. 343 
 
 La&Jy of SPconbiH, Elq; i6,^,g'. 1^41. Bar. 352 
 
 Vincent Corbet or Morton- Corbet, Efq; created 29, J^w. if4i Bar. 3^9- 
 
 z Littleton of Stoke- JMilbwgjy, Efq; created 14 Offo^. 1642, Bar. 420 
 
 ytywrd A9cn of AUeriham^ Efq; created 1 7 _7<. 1643. Bar. 4.39 
 
 Sir, "Francis Edwards of Shrewsbury, Knt. created 22 -4/^r. itfjS.V ^ 
 
 but to take Place of all Baronets created after 1644,. j 
 
 Jlinry Vervon of Hodnet, Efij; created 13 y/y 1660. . Bar. 5^2 
 
 Matthew Herbert, of Bromjield, Efq; created 18 Decent. 1660. Bar. 585 
 
 Edward, Leighten of TVatlesberough, Efq; created 2 . A^*** 1 - 1692. Bar. 910, 
 
 William FqwJer of Harnage-grfirJ^e^ E,% created i 2Vis*. 1704*. Bar, .944- 
 
 The
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 The Natural Hiftory of this County. 
 
 THE Produce of this County in all 
 the Neceflaries of humane Life, 
 is very plentiful, nothing is wanting, 
 ^thich other Counties enjoy, and many 
 Things of! great Ufe, which, others 
 want,, arc found here. Every Element, 
 affords the Inhabitants- a fuitable Stock 
 qf Convcniencies, which* is a Proof of 
 Nature's Bounty to them. We fhall 
 obferve our ulual Method in fpeaking 
 to them, under the Elements of Air, 
 Water, Earjth and Fire. 
 
 i. The. Air is very ferene and health- 
 ful, not only becaufe it is remote from 
 the Sea, but becaufe the Severn, which, 
 runs through a.great Part of the County 
 with its circling Streams, has none of 
 thofe moory Marines adjoining to it, 
 which the Thames in Effex and Kent, 
 and other Rivers in other Counties 
 have, and where the Salt- Water ftagna- 
 ting fends moft unwholefbm Vapours 
 into the Air. Of this the Healthfulnefs 
 and old Age of the Inhabitants, of whom 
 we have giverrfome Inftances in Brldg- 
 forth, may be a Proof; but the Age of 
 Tb>. Parr, who lived above an hundred 
 and fifty Years, and was this Country- 
 man, as we have above fliewed, is- a, 
 more undeniable Proof of it ; for it is a 
 Thing incredible, that the moft robuft 
 Conftitution could undergo the manifold 
 Attacks of an unwholefom Air both in- 
 v-^rdly and outwardly fo long a Time. 
 He was the longeft lived Englijb Man we 
 read of, except Henry Jenkins of Tork- 
 jbire, of whom we fhall give a more full 
 Account in that County. 
 
 2. Waters of feverai Kinds are found 
 in this County; but that which is fie 
 for common Ufe for the Houfe or Na- 
 vigation is moti plentiful. It abounds 
 with Rivulets, which empty themfelves 
 into the Rivers Severn and Temd, of 
 which the firft is fcarce inferior, to any. 
 one in England,, the Thames only, ex- 
 
 ceptecT ; and therefore is accounted by 
 our Geographers the lecond River in 
 England, for its fine Channel, delicate 
 Stream, and Plenty of Fifhr, of which it 
 affords ieveral Kinds,, not all of them, 
 known perhaps, but for thcfc much/ 
 efteemed, -viz. raoft excellent Salmond,. 
 Abundance of Pikes, Shads, Trouts,. 
 Graylings, Flounders, Eels,, Chubs, 
 Gudgeons, Dare, Sampfbry, and many 
 others o the fmaller Fry. Nor doth ic 
 want delicate Carp, Lampreys, &>c. It 
 hath its Rife in P limit man- Hi Us in Mont' 
 gomeryfiire ; from which it runs on the 
 Ealt Side of that County into this of 
 Shropshire, which it almolt crofles, paf- 
 fing by thefe confiderable Towns, La- 
 nictios, New-town, Weljlj-pool, Shrewsbury^ 
 which it almoft furrotinds, Wroxeter,. 
 Bridgnortb, and Ib to Bewdly in Worctfter- 
 Jhire, and from thence into. Glocejlerjbire, 
 infufing into the Soil every where, as ic 
 goes along, a certain vital Moifturc, 
 which fliews it felf in the ftourifhing 
 Meadows, till it difcharges it felf at laft 
 into the Severn Sea and Brijlol Channel,, 
 where it meets the Aton or Brijlol River, 
 At Bridgnortb (as we are informed by 
 the. Gentleman above-mentioned) it run*, 
 under a fair Stone-bridge, below which, 
 its Stream is parted into two Currents,, 
 which incloie a rich Spot of Land, called 
 the Bylet, (in the which grows about the 
 Middle of it a noble flourifhing Walnut- 
 Tree, which ferves for a Water-mark in 
 a Flok) uniting its Streams after ic 
 hath inclofed and fecured fuch a rich 
 Piece of Ground ; it glides on by fe 
 veral Villages till it comes to Bewd'^,. 
 where entring Wfaefterjbire, ir goes o.i 
 to the City of Warcefter^ thro'igli foine 
 Part of which it paiTeth under a fair 
 Bridge ; from whence ir runs by U/-^;; ; 
 upon Severn,, and' Tewxbwy by Glutcejler >; 
 foon after which it falls into the Sewrm 
 Sea, It begins t& be navigable about two* 
 
 MUei
 
 6*6 & 
 
 Miles from Welfopool. in 
 and from rhcncc is very ferviceabfe for 
 carrying of Goods and Merchandizes, 
 and managing of a Trade between frt 
 the Towns of tin's County, and all o- 
 thers in Worcefierpire and Ghocejlerjhire, 
 and Briftol, where Trade is further car- 
 ried into a 1 iv; oft all Parts of the World; 
 but that which makes this River moft 
 ufeful is, the conftant Traffick, which 
 is maintained upon it ijp carrying Coals 
 from this County, in which there are 
 excellent Mines of them to Bes. ..-Ht y , 
 Wcnejler, Ghcsftcr, Briflol, and all the 
 interjacent Villages arid Towns though 
 the Tides, even at the Spring-Tides, flow 
 i^o higher than within two Miles of the 
 City. of Waves fev; and at other Times no 
 farther than T3ptoti t which is feven Miles 
 diftanr from that City. Formerly it 
 flowed to Worcejlsr ; but now the Chan- 
 nel below it being much enlarged, it 
 reachcth no farther than is above fpe- 
 cified. 
 
 Of this River there are fome Things 
 remarkable and peculiar, "which we 
 think not fit to omit, -z;.'*.. i^ITfjat there 
 is in it a daily Rage and 
 of Water, which Wlttiam oi 
 from whom we have this Relation, fays, 
 He knows not whether he may call it a 
 Gulph or Whirlpool, catting up the 
 Sands from the Bottom, and. rov.ling 
 them into Heaps. It floweth with a 
 great Torrent, but looieth its Force at 
 the firft Bridge. Sometimes .it over- 
 floweth its Banks, and wanders a grear 
 Way into the neighbouring Plains, and 
 then returns back as a Conqueror. That 
 Veflel is in very great Danger that i> 
 
 flrickcn on the Side ; the Water-men 
 that are acquainted with it, when tbcy 
 fee rhis Hygre, (or as they commonly 
 call it, Eager} coming upon them, 
 turn their VefTel cndwife, and Ib cutting 
 through the Midft of it. cfcapc its Vio- 
 lence. 2. It i< further very oblcrvable. 
 of this River, that the Tides one Year 
 arc largeft at the full Moon, the nexr 
 at the Change ; and agitin,, that one 
 
 " ir the Night-Tides are largcft, 
 
 . ihe other the -Day-Tides, which 
 * 
 
 i 
 
 & R T S H I R E. 
 
 is not taken Notice of in any other 
 River. 
 
 The other River called Temd, in 
 Welfo, Fafdiaug, bounds the South Side 
 of the County from Hereford, Radnor and 
 Worceftev Shires. It rifeth among the 
 Mountains of Radnorshire , and after n 
 fhort Courfe there enters this Ccamty at 
 Rutbln-ruggantin^ a fmall Village ; from 
 whence having t pafled as far as Llan- 
 ivardine y it is joined with the Rix^er 
 Cclun, or Coltwwy, as the TVelJh Call it ; 
 but for Shortness 'tis beft kncnvn by the 
 Name of dun. This River rifeth up 
 higher in the County, not far from a 
 well frequented little Market-Town, 
 called Ilijbtps-Citfife, and gives Name to 
 a Cattle called, from it Clun-Ctftle. It 
 meets the TemA near many dangerous 
 Fords, and uniting its Stream with jt^ 
 they p.-ifs to Clebuyy^ a fmaJl Market- 
 Town in this County, where it is again 
 augmented by the River R ea , and fo 
 into worcefferjkire, where it fal^ into the 
 Severn a little below Wonefler y where it 
 fhares in the Plenty of Filh, and Bene- 
 fits of Navigation with the Severn^ to 
 the great Advantage of the Towns near 
 it. 
 
 As to Waters of an uncommon Na- 
 ture, we meet with fome, tho' but a few 
 in this County, vly.. i. Mr. Cambden tells 
 us, that at Pifcbford there is a Spring of 
 Picchy Water in a poor Man's Yard, 
 upon which there continually floats a 
 Sort of Liquid Bitumen, alcho' ir be 
 frequently skummed off after the fame 
 Manner as it doth upon the Lake Afphal- 
 tites, and on a {landing Pool near Sx- 
 mefata, and a Spring by Agragentum in 
 Sicily, but the Inhabitants, at prefent, 
 make no other Ufa of it, than us Pitch. 
 Whether it may not be ufcd as a Pre- 
 fervative againft the Falling-Sicknefs, or 
 be good for drawing and healing 
 Wounds, as that in Judea is, was not 
 experimented, in his Days, nor fince, 
 as far as we can find. 2* The Well at 
 Brcjley, lately found out, which fends 
 forth an inflamable Vapour, of which 
 we have given u. large Account in that 
 Place. 3. A milky Wafer, or Liquor at
 
 S H RO C P SHIRE. 
 
 87 
 
 Sleviff-kahs in this County, of which boiled, a bituminous -Matter is fepara- 
 
 Mr. George Plant on gives this Informa- ted from the ftony or gritty, this laft 
 
 tion to the Royal Society, viz. That in finking to the Bottom, and the other 
 
 the Iron Mines there, efpecially in that fwimming on the Top of the Water, 
 
 which the .country People call the White The bituminous Subftance being ga- 
 
 Mine, which yields the beft Iron- ftone ; there d together and evaporated, comes 
 
 the Miners do commonly upon the at length to the Conftftence of Pitch, 
 
 breaking of a Stone, meet with a great and with the Help .of an Oil diftilled 
 
 Quantity of whitifli milky Liquor or from the fame Stone, and mixed with 
 
 Water, inclofed in the Center of it. it, is made thinner, and fo become.* 
 
 They fometimes find an Hogfiiead in fome thing like Tar, the Ufes of both 
 
 one Cavity. 'Tis in Tafte fiyeetifh, but which Materials, either for Shipping or 
 
 hath an Iron- like vitri&lick Twang otherwife, thefe Subftances are laid to 
 
 with it. fupply very well, nay even to go 
 
 3, The Earth or Soil of this County beyond, as hath been tried on feveral 
 
 is very fruitful, though fomething hiHy Boats for fome Years ; for it doth not 
 
 in the South and Weft Parrs, and yields crack as the ordinary Pitch and Tar 
 
 Plenty of Wheat, Barley, and other d6th, but always keeps black anJibft,- 
 
 Sorts of Grain, necefTary fo* the Sup- and fo is thought to hinder the Worm 
 
 port of humane Life ; by the Severn SMC from getting into the VefTels pitched 
 
 are rich and large Meadows, which therewith. There is alfo diftilled from 
 yield an Abundance of Grafs and Hay 
 for the Cattle, which are chiefly fed on 
 
 the Upland Pafcures. The hilly Coun 
 
 this Stone an Oil, which may be ufed 
 for Oil of Pet re or Turpentine, and, 
 hath Been ufed by divers Perfons in 
 
 trey upon the Borders of Wales is ex- Aches and Pains, with Succefs. 
 
 cellenf Sheep- Pafture. But the Surface 
 of the Earth is not more profitable for 
 
 The Soil of this County is found to 
 be excellent for Potatoes, a reftorative 
 
 rhe Inhabitants, than the Treafurc of Delicacy, not much inferior to Arti- 
 
 its B'owels, in which are many large 
 and almoft inexhanftible Pits of Coal, 
 
 chokes, and propagated with litcle or 
 no Pains in Tillage. A few Acres ot 
 
 which being digged up, the Inhabitants them (fo apt are they to increafe) will 
 
 export not only into other Counties, but go far in furnifhing a City with Food, 
 
 alfo foreign Parts. Here alfo are Mines and the Country round. They are fold 
 
 of Iron-ftone and Lime-ftonc at prefect, at Bnflol Market at^Shillings -per Bufliei . 
 
 and in the Reign of King Richard II 
 there, was (as Mr. Camlden tells us) a 
 Copper-Mine, which hath been long 
 iince exhaufted. There is an extraor- 
 dinary Sort of Earth at Brofdey, Bentiy\ 
 f, and other adjacerit Places' in 
 
 Children of poor People will eat them 
 raw, irillead of Bread, or other Food, 
 without any Detriment to them ; bin. 
 others drefs them various ways, as 
 boiling, roalUng them in the Embvr-^ 
 cutting them in final! Piecer, and baki... : ; 
 
 Slrojfiire, which deferves our peculiar them with fat .Vic^r in Pies > fome 
 
 Notice, 
 Coal-Pits 
 
 There lies over moft of the ftrengthcn their Deer with them. They 
 or Alines, a Stratum, or are all thefe ways itrong and v.hole- 
 
 Layer of a blackifh Rock or Stone, of fome Nourifhment, and 'are there 
 fome Thicknefs, which is full of Pores, the more to be cultivated, becauie they 
 
 Powder in Horfe-Mills, fuch as are- 4.. tire is plentifully provided for i:i 
 
 vi fed in grinding Flints to make Gl-aG. this County, not fo mucll by Wool 
 
 The Powder being made, is thrown into Forcfts, as by Pit-coals, which are here 
 
 great Coppers of Water, and being 'welt glentiii-l ? and make. Tiring, cheap, 
 
 i
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Rare Plants growing wild in this County. 
 
 GRamen jFunciodes lanatum ; Hare's 
 Tail-Rum, which grows near 
 Ettefmere in the Meers, in great Abun- 
 dance; 'tis the fame with Gramea 
 flumofum Elegans, &V. 
 
 Perjicarja Siliquofa ; Codded Arfcmart, 
 or, Touch-me-not, which grows on the 
 Banks of the River Kemlet at Marlngton, 
 in the Parilh of Cberbury ; as alfo at 
 Guerndee, in the Parim oiCherftotk, about 
 half a Mile from the faid River, among 
 great Alder-trees in the Highway. 
 
 Rofmarinum Silveftre minus ; The lefler 
 wild Rofemary, which grows in the 
 Moors at Birck, in the Parim. of Eltef- 
 mere, plentifully, and in other Counties 
 in boggy Places. 
 
 Cynocratnbe, or JAercunalts perennls 
 Repent', Dog- Mercury branched and 
 feeded like Spinage or Mercury. We 
 have a llrange Efteft of this Herb fet 
 -down in the Philofophical Tranfa&ions. 
 The Wife of one Matthews, who dwelt 
 near Shrewsbury, gathered feme Herbs, 
 and having boiled them, fryed them 
 ^with Bacon, for her own and Family's 
 Supper, and eat them with great Plea- 
 fure; but in the Night following, about 
 two Hours after they had been in Bed, 
 their Children, which were three in 
 Number, fell very fick, vomited and 
 purged, and then fell afleep, and could 
 not be waked for 24. Hours. Two of 
 them then vomited, and it faved their 
 l^ives ; the third flept on, and only 
 opened its Eyes, and died. The Man 
 and Woman flept longer than ufual, but 
 waking, were troubled, the one with 
 fuch a burning in his Chin, as forced 
 him to dip it often in Water; and the 
 other continued fick a pretty while 
 before fhe recovered; but at length grew 
 welL 
 
 A Student in^Ptyfick laving fent us 
 an Addition of rare <Plants found 
 in tins County, <we take our felves 
 olliged tojiibjoin 
 
 . 
 Ycopodium; Club-mafle, found on 
 
 Afphnium ; Spleenwort, on the Walls 
 at Ludlcvu. 
 
 dlchymilla ; Lady's Mantle, near 
 Bijbops-Cajtle. 
 
 Hieraciam Montanum Cichorei folio no/has ; 
 Succory leaved Mountain Hawkweed ; 
 fbmewhere in this County. 
 
 Helenium Elecampane; about Church- 
 Stoke. 
 
 ViYffa, aureaj Golden Rod, in the 
 Woods near Bijbops-Cajlle. 
 
 Baccharis ; Ploughman's Spikenard, 
 in the Road between Onelury and Lud- 
 kw. 
 
 Pafadapium; Smallage, in Stank-mead 
 near Bijbops-CaJHe. 
 
 Cannabis Spuria fore eleganti ; Fair 
 flowered Nettle Hemp, very common 
 among the Corn, in the South-Weft 
 Parts. 
 
 Verbafcum nlgrum ; Sage leaved Black- 
 muWen, in the Road between the Heath 
 and the Jay* 
 
 Pinquicula; Butter-wort, near Lotig- 
 ment. 
 
 Eruca Sllvejlns ; Wild Rocket on the 
 Walls of Ludlow Caftle. 
 
 Perficaria Jiliquofa \ Quick-in-Hand, at 
 Gttern-Dee. 
 
 Fumarin claviculata, ; Climbing Fumi- 
 tory, in the Warren near Bijbops-Caftle 9 
 plentifully. 
 
 Caryopbillus minor repent nojtras ; Maiden- 
 pinks, in the Lane from Bijhops- Caftle 
 to JVoodbeacb.
 
 SiH.R T S HI R, E. 
 
 Clymevum Italorum ; Tutfun, or Park- 
 * Leaves, in a Wood at Old Church-moor, 
 
 plentifully. 
 
 Afcywi Palyftre; Marfh St. Peter's 
 Wort, b.y Liddurn Heath. 
 
 Cohbicum purpurevm ; Meadow Saffron, 
 in Hope-mead by BiJbops-Cajtle. 
 
 He&borine Palufris', Marfh Hellebore, 
 in Oakley Wood. 
 
 jfunrus Alpinus cum cauJa Lepor'wa ; 
 Hare's Tail-Rufli, on Elfaere JMeerj. 
 
 Erica Biicdfera ; . Black-berried Hearlr, 
 upon the 
 
 Fraxinus Eubula ; Quicken-tree, upon 
 Mendlp Hills. 
 
 Vaccinia Rnlra ; Red Whorts, or 
 Cranberries, upon Sttyerftone Common. 
 
 Herberts dvmetornm ; The Barberry- 
 buih, in the Hedges by rhc Pvoad-fide, 
 from New- Inn to Shrewsbury. 
 
 Rubus Id&us; The Rasberry Bufh, by 
 Henley Wood. 
 
 Erica familis Rofmarlnl foUis; Wild 
 Rofemary on the Moors rear Elfmeer. 
 
 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY of this County. 
 
 HIS County hath no Bi&op of Northern Part from the fame River 
 
 being in the Diocefe of the former. 
 There is but one Archdeacon for both 
 Diocefes, viz- The Archdeacon of 
 Shrewsbury, or Salop, .who hath under 
 his Yifitation, 
 
 its own, but is divided between 
 the Bifhops of Coventry and Litclfeld, 
 and the Bifhop of Hereford; the Southern 
 Part from the Severn being under the* 
 Jurifdiaion of this later; and the 
 
 The Deanery of Eurforet. 
 The Deanery of Clun and 
 The Deanery of Ludlow, 
 The Deanery of Pontlsbury, 
 The Deanery of Sotterfden, or 
 
 , j j . r j _ 
 
 The Deanery of Newport, 
 The Deanery of Shrewsbury. 
 
 ^within the Diocefe of 
 Hereford, 
 
 within the Diocefe ef 
 Coventry and Litchfett. 
 
 Sfff 
 
 Th<
 
 <SHR 0<P SHIR E. 
 
 . 
 
 Monafteries of this County before the Diffo- 
 of them, by King Henry V11L 
 
 SHrewsbury, an Abbey of Benedi&ine 
 Monks, dedicated to the Apoftles 
 "Jit. feter and St. Paul; and Mr. Speed 
 from Leland adds St. JMelburgh, and built 
 by Roger de Montgomery Earl of Arundel 
 and Shrewsbury, who being a Perfon of 
 extraordinary Devotion, not only erefted 
 .and endowed amply this Abbey in the 
 Suburbs of this City, and three other 
 Religious Houfes in Normandy ; but 
 towards the 1 End of his Life, having by 
 the Hand of Reginald then Prior of 
 Shrewsbury, obtained from the Houfe of 
 Clxni in Tftirgundy, the Coat of Sr. 
 Hitgb, fometime Abbot there, forhimfelf 
 to put on, caufed himfelf, with the 
 Confent of his Wife, to be (horn a 
 Monk of this Abbey, where he remained 
 to his Death, which happened Anno 
 1094, and was buried in the Church of 
 the faid Monaftery. After his Death, 
 Hugh de Montgomery who fucceeded him 
 in his Earldom, gave feveral other 
 Lands, with great Liberties and Immu- 
 nities, to this Alonaftery, denouncing 
 an heavy Curfe upon all fuc,K as 
 ftould deprive them of the one, or 
 violate the other. He was alfo buried 
 in the Cloyfter of this Abbey, with great 
 Lamentation, being flain as he was 
 valiantly defending the County from 
 the Invasions of the Weljb and Norwe- 
 gians. The youngeft Son of Earl Roger, 
 -Was Roger of Poiffou Earl of Lancajier. 
 He was much enriched by the Conque- 
 ror, tho' he had nothing of his Father's 
 Eftate,and became a liberal Benefa&or 
 to this Monaftery, which was of his 
 Father's Foundation, by giving to it the 
 Churches of Kirkebam, Waleton and 
 Bifcopebam ; as alfo the Manors of 
 f. niton, Orciton and Bifcopebam in Lanca- , 
 jbire, together with the Fifhing of 
 TfaleiveX in the fame County. With 
 this Earl the Family of 
 
 ended ; but after tnem this Abbey found 
 many Bcnefaftors; for King Henry I. 
 and his Succeflbr King Stephen, gave the 
 Monks alfo certain Lands, and confirm- 
 ed tho faid Liberties in fo large a Man- 
 ner, that nothing could be added to 
 them. Ranulph de Gerucn, a lib Earl of 
 Cbefler, a great Admirer of the Monaftick 
 Life, gave to this Abbey of Sbrewsbttry 
 two Houfes in Chindred Wiche, and a* 
 much Salt, as they could there make 
 without Toll. 
 
 Ivo PantuJf, alfo gave to the Monks 
 of St. Peter's of Shrewsbury, his Mill at 
 Button ; but the moft bountiful BenefaSor 
 to this Abbey, was Haman de fever ett t 
 the eldeft Son of RanuJpb de Peverel^ who 
 being one of the Barons, /. e.. Chief 
 Tenants of Roger de Montgomery Earl of 
 Sfceivslury, tha Founder of this Abbey, 
 did in the Time of Earl Hugb, the 
 next Succeffbr of the ifaid Roger, give to 
 the 'Abbot and Monks of this Abbey, 
 and their Siicceflors, the Tithes of all 
 his Lordfhips in this County, viz. Burton 
 tinder Lime, Wuheton, Arkelon^ Heitone, 
 WHJtpelatrt, Cley, Brnfelto l n and K'cng 
 Cftrdefey, Crugelton and Selefr. Sybil his 
 Wife joining with him in the faid 
 Grant. His'Nepbcw Wittlam de Peverel, 
 called Peverel of EJfex, fcems to have 
 been his Heir. He confirmed his Uncle's 
 Grant to this Abbey, not^only of the 
 Tithes above mentioned, but of the 
 Lordfhips of Wulur'wgton t Cbivardefey and 
 Crugelton. 
 
 Guarine de Meez, a Branch of the 
 Houfe of Loraifie, and one of the chief 
 Counfellors to Roger de Montgomery Earl 
 of Shrewsbury, was alfo a great Benefac- 
 tor to this Abbey, for he gave to it a 
 Part of Bradeflon, the Town of Tugfort, 
 with the Tithes of Opeton, as allb the 
 Church and Tithes of Beritone ; and 
 uftcr his Death, his Wife, for the Health 
 
 of
 
 * SHR OP 
 
 of his Soul, beftowed on them an Houfe 
 in Shrewsbury, forthis Purpoic, that the 
 Firmour thereof fhould find a Wax- 
 Light to burn in the Abbey-Church 
 there every Night throughout the YcaV, 
 at the Altar of the Holy Innocents. Re- 
 ginald, the Brother of this Warlne, gave 
 alfo to thefe Monks the Town of Leigh, 
 and his Son and Heir Hugh gave them 
 the Churches of Sr. Ofwald arid Mutle, 
 with the Tithes of Nrffe and SmuusftXing 
 in this County. His Son Fulk', who-was 
 called Fttike V"ue:omes, gave the Lcrd- 
 fhip of Pmelege. Rc*sr de Corbet ft \vhtt 
 held 24 Manors, moft of the'nr'itt 
 Shropshire, of Roger de Mcntgomey , gave 
 alfo to thefe Monks Wentlege, William 
 and Everstrd his- Son consenting thereto. 
 At the Tame Time Robett his Brother, 
 who held of Earl .Roger divers other 
 Lordihips in this County, beftowed on 
 thefe Monks the Church of Nutemere, 
 \\ith the Tithes of that Town, and the 
 Tithes of Jocbebulte, as alfo the Town of 
 Lochetone. Alan de Flatbald having mar- 
 ried the Daughter and Heir of the 
 above-mentioned Warlne Sheriff of 
 Shroffirrt, having in her Right the 
 Barony of the laid Warlne, did alfo con- 
 firm all the Grants of his Wife's An- 
 ceftors to thofe Monks ; and his Son 
 William gave them all *is Lands in 
 ffflbam, as alfo the Churches of Optcn, 
 ^rocbgford &nd Ofaeftry, with the Chapel 
 of -Martini .Ckitk, and ail other Chapels 
 belonging to thofe Churches, likewifc 
 half a Salt- Work in Wicbe in Worcefler- 
 fhlre ; as alfo a Place upon Severn within 
 ms.Foreft, ro contain a Floodgate, ei- 
 ther for Fiming, or for his Mill at Etton r 
 together with the Tithes of Dcnlam, and 
 four Oxgangs of Land in Trocbeford. 
 
 Matilda de Lonpfpe, Daughter and 
 Heir of Walter de Clifford, Walcbeilnus 
 Maminot, and divers others, of whole 
 Benefactions we have no particular Ac- 
 rount, were alfo liberal to this Houfe, 
 ^ud their Gifts were all confirmed ro 
 the Moks by King Htnry III. Rep. n. 
 So that this Abbey being one of the 
 richeft in thefe Parts ; the: Abbot had 
 his Scat ia Parliament, among the Ba- 
 
 S-a-IR-K 
 
 ; and at the Diflbluti'on the Re- 
 es were found to amount to 
 the yearly Value of 615 /. 4,. 3* A 
 as Mr. speed out of Lelaad tells us, and 
 Ste^n out of Reyrtrhti. By what 
 ittaktJ Ductile makes them no more 
 Chah-Jii/j 4,. i^~ per Ann. we find- 
 
 or nor can it be probable, if we 
 cpnfrder the Donations above-mentioned. 
 ^the Privilege it had of having a 
 parliamentary Abbot, 
 
 Our AbfirafTfrom tie Monafticon. mentions 
 
 :* otlxr Religious Houfe in this Town, 
 
 laftbts Abbey dedicated to St. Peter and 
 
 St. Paul-; but At. Speed from Lelantf 
 
 ffives fts ^ Catalogue offeveral others, viz.. 
 
 AN HofpJtai* dedicated to St. 'Mar* 
 and St. Chad, valued at the DiP 
 
 folurion at 14 /. I4/ . A d. per Arin, 
 
 A College dedicated to St. Mary, va- 
 lued at the Suppreflion at 137. i ,. 8^. 
 per- Ann. 
 
 A Priory of Canons Regular of Sr, 
 Augttfhe .dedicated to Sr. Augufllne, 
 and- built by one of the Stafford Family* 
 but fets down no Revenue. 
 
 A Priory of Carmelite Friars, dedicated 
 to St. Mary, and founded by one Jene- 
 vile, but of what Value it was at the 
 Suppremon, he mentions not. 
 
 A Priory of Francifcan Friars, dedi- 
 cated to-Sr. Francis, and ereaed by- 
 yeffrey Lord fowls ; but how endowed 
 or valued at the Suppreflion, we find 
 not. 
 
 A ^Priory dedicated to Sr. Varninkk 
 and rounded by one of the Family of 
 Cbnrlton's, in which the Lady Charhon a 
 Foundrcfs, was buried. Mr. Steven* 
 will have this Houfe a Francifcan Mo- 
 naftery. Both may enjoy their Opi- 
 nion. 
 
 AWerbun a Triory of "Monks of rfre 
 Order of St. Benedift, founded by 
 Gtiarlne A f Meez, one of the chief Coun- 
 llors of- Roger de Montgomery, and 
 mynig been endowed by him and hi* 
 Succefibrs, was given by Pkfa Etz 
 wanne to the Monk's- of Grttr.dmonF.ir*- 
 yjjj 1 ^* With divers Laflds ; and fb it 
 
 bexnune
 
 '. \_ ; 
 
 S HROT SHIRE. 
 
 became a Cell to that Abbey. King 
 Henry II. confirmed thefe Grants, Reg. 
 17. as did alfo Thomas Corbeth in xatfz. 
 This H'oufe being alien, was given to 
 King HetiryV. to carry on his War with 
 France i and remaining in the Crown in 
 King Henry Vlth's Reign ; that Prince 
 gave it to All-Scuh College in Qxfcrd, 
 with Come other fmall Priories, which 
 King EffcwmflV. upon his firft Acccflion 
 to the Crown, is faid to hate confifcated 
 and detained in his Hands, till the So- 
 ciety fubmitted themfelves to his Do- 
 minion, and acknowledged their Fault 
 in adhering to King Henry VL 
 
 Battlefield^ a Collegiate Church, 
 erc&ed after this Manner. King Henry 
 IV. Reg. n. granted fo Roger he, Re&or 
 of the Chapel of St. John Baptlfl^ at 
 Adbrighton Hnfee y two Acres of Ground 
 in that Lordfnip, adjoining to Shrews- 
 bury, in a Place called Bate1ey-feld y 
 being the Plain where he fought with 
 and overcame Henry Perry, furnamed 
 Hotft>nr, and the Rebels with him ; for 
 building thereon a Chapel in Honour of 
 St. Mary Magdalene, for a Mafter and 
 five Chaplains, of which Mafter and 
 Chaplains he appointed the faid Roger 
 and his Succeflbrs, Re&ors of the faid 
 Chapel of St. Jtkn Baptijl, to be Matters 
 or Wardens, and Richard Hufee Lord of 
 Adbrighton, and his Heirs, to be Patrons 
 of the fame, incorporating the faid 
 foundation, and freeing them from 
 Tenths, Subfidies and all Taxes, with 
 the Grant of a Fair to the faid Roger 
 and his Succeflbrs, to be held there 
 yearly on the Feaft of Saint 
 
 This Roger Ive, by his laft Will, dated 
 50 OKob. 1444^ 2 4 Ha*- VI. gave to this 
 College three Chalices of Silver guilt, 
 one Pax-bread of Silver gilt, r\vo filver 
 Viols, three Bells in the Sreeple, three 
 Crofles gilt, with feveral Veftments and 
 Books for Church- Service, and divers 
 rioufhold Goods, &V. and increafed the 
 Stipends of every of the five Chaplains, 
 from eight Marks to ten Marks per Ann- 
 Upon Condition that they fliould pray 
 sa & oaeie fpecial Manner for the Souls 
 
 of King Henry IV. and King J&uty V. 
 the Founders of this College, .Richard 
 Hufee t the firft Patron of the fame, and 
 for the Souls of all the Faithful flain in 
 the Fight of Battlejfeld, and there buried. 
 All the reft of his Goods and Chattels 
 he gave to the Fabrick of the faid Col- 
 lege, and to the Relief of the Poor ia 
 the Hofpital of the fame. He alfo ap- 
 pointed a new Seal to be made for the 
 College^ with this Infcription round 
 about: SigiUum commune Domini Roger i 
 Ivc, frimi Magifiri & Succefforum fuontm 
 CoUegii Beata Maria Magdalen* juxt* 
 Salop, The Revenues of this College at 
 the Suppreffion, by King Henry VIII. 
 were valued at 547. is. loJ. per Ann. 
 Dug. 54 /. I j. I d. Speed ex Leland. 
 
 Bildwas, or Bttldiuas, a Ciftercian Ab- 
 bey, founded by Roger de Clinton Bi/hop 
 of Ckefter, as he is called from his Re- 
 fidence in that City, but really Bifliop 
 of Coventry and Is'ttchfield ; for our Bi- 
 flioprick of Cbejter was erefted by King 
 Henry VIII. and taken out of that Dio- 
 cefc. It was dedicated to Sr. Mary t 
 (fays Mr. Speed ex Lei.) but more truly 
 to St. Ceadde ; for we find that King 
 Stephen, in the third Year of his Reign, 
 Anno Domini 1 139, gave and confirmed 
 to God and tke Church of St. Ccadde y and 
 to the Abbot and Monks there, their 
 Eftate in like Manner , as Roger Bi'fhop 
 of Chejler had .given it them ; and fur- 
 ther granted them ieveral Immunities 
 and Privileges. This Monaftery bad in 
 the fueceeding Times fcveral confide- 
 rable Benefa&ors, who much enriched 
 it, viz- 
 
 Hughde Nenant, or Notonnt, a Norman, 
 Bimop of Coventry, gave to thcfe Monks 
 an Inn in the City of Lfahjield', for their 
 Reception, when they came thither. 
 
 William Fitz-alan, who in Right of his 
 W r ife, the Daughter of Warine, was 
 Baron of Warine, beftowed on the Monks 
 of Buldwas, his Lord/hip of Little Buld- 
 was, with all his Woods of Wroxeter^ 
 referring only out of them NeccflUrics 
 for himfelf and his Tenants, with 
 Paunage for their and his Hogs. 
 
 Robert
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 "Robert Corbet, who lived in the Reign 
 of King Henry II. gave to thefe Monks 
 alfo his Mill at Wentewur, with a Mef- 
 fuage thereunto adjoining, as alfo 
 Httlmore, "with the whole Marfh. and 
 Upland near to it, fet forth by Metes, 
 and Bounds, and likewife his Lordfhip 
 of Ritton. Walter de DunKanviU wfts alfo a 
 Benefa&or to this Houfe ; and Alan fie 
 Zouche gave them the Town of Upton in 
 this County, with many others. All 
 thefe their Eftates were confirmed to 
 them by King Rtcbayi I. Reg. I. 
 
 But notwithftanding thb Houfe was 
 (b well poflefled of their Eftates, they 
 were afterwards entangled in this Man- 
 ner : Henry Abbot of this Houfe, granted 
 to Hamon de Bentbale, in Consideration 
 that his Mother was burdened with many 
 Children, and at her Inftance, a certain 
 Allowance and Stipend out of this 
 Monaftery, for the Term of his Life ; 
 which afterwards, in the nth of King 
 Edward II. in Confederation of a certain 
 Sum of Money in Hand paid to him by 
 John then Abbot, the Succeflor of 
 Henry, the faid Hamond did releafe and 
 quir-claim. Alfo in the Year 1287, 
 Henry de Lay Earl of Lincoln, and 
 Conftable or Cbefter, confirmed an 
 Exchange made between the Monks of 
 this Houfe and thole of Crokefden, viz- of 
 Caldon-Grange in the County of Stafford, 
 (being of his Fee) for certain Lands in 
 Ed-winy in this County. This Monaftery 
 at the Diflblution, was valued at 1 10 /. 
 19 t. $d. per Ann. Dugd. izyl. 6 /. 10 d. 
 Speed ex Lei. Godtv. de prts. 
 
 N. B. This Monaftery was originally 
 of the Order of Savlgnl ', but was in or 
 about the Year 1140, given by Abbot 
 erlo de Vatbodon, to St. Bernard, to be 
 incorporated inro the Body of the Cl- 
 ftercianS) which St. Bernard effe&ed by 
 repairing to the Council of Rbeims, by 
 pro Tenting the Abbots Serh and Ofmend 
 to Pope <?>'* III. who admitted them 
 into the General Chapter of the Cijler- 
 cians; and from that Time thefe Monks 
 have been ranked among that Order. 
 
 Brtwood, a Monafterv mentioned by 
 Mr. Sp*4tnxnL*Iaad; but nothing laid 
 
 of its Dedkation, or Founder, but only 
 that at the Suppreflion of the Abbies, it 
 was valued at 31 /. is. q.d. per Ann. 
 Mr. Dugdale places it in Staffer dfoire. 
 
 Rrorxfeld, or Brtmfeld, a BenediSfie 
 Alonaftery, of which we find, that Aunt 
 1155, the Canons of it, by the Autho- 
 rity and Concurrence of Taeolald Arch- 
 bifhop of Canterbury, did give their 
 Church to the Abbey of St. Peter's at 
 Glcacejter ; and that King Henry II. much 
 about the lame Time, confirmed a]l tho 
 Eftates belonging to it, under the Title 
 of the Church of Sr. Mary of Bromfield t 
 to the Prior <\nd Monks there ferving 
 God, to hold of him and his Heirs in 
 perpetual Alms. King Henry III. made 
 the like Confirmation to it. The Re- 
 venues of it at the Suppreflion, were 
 valued at 8//. 7 j. 4^. fer Ann. Speed ex 
 Lei. 
 
 Bridgemrth, wherein were anciently 
 divers Religious Houfes ; but we find 
 only an Hofpital in the Mon&ftleon, and 
 therefore fliall depend upon the Relation 
 of the Gentleman above-mentioned, 
 who gives us this Account of them, 
 which he owns to be imperfeft; but the 
 beft he could gather, viz.. There was 
 adjoining to the Church-yard of St. 
 Leonard's (which was a Chantry) a large 
 Edifice, called 
 
 A College, fuppofed to be an Habitation 
 for fuch Priefts and Monks as were t 
 pray for departed Souls, by performing 
 the Popifli Obits and Dirges, Qpc. It 
 was deftroyed by Fire, when the Town 
 was burnt, together with the Church of 
 St. Leonard. Upon the Weft Bank of 
 the River Severn, in a rich Soil, is an 
 old Building, called 
 
 The Friars, being in the Times of 
 Popery a Convent of Fretnci/cans, or Mi- 
 nor Friars,and was doubtlcfj much larger 
 than now it appears, there being fome 
 plain Marks of its ancient Magnificence 
 yet vifible ; for in the Court or Yard 
 thereof are Vaults under Ground, which 
 run parallel .to the Houfe for fome 
 Space, and extend themfelves feveral 
 Ways, but how far in fome Places, is 
 not known. The End of one of thcfe 
 
 fub-
 
 694 
 
 SHU <P S HIR E. 
 
 fubterraneous Paflages was lately dif- 
 covered. It refembled the Hearth of a 
 Chimney, with Seats on each Side of 
 it, without any Appearance of a Funnel. 
 In it were found Jars, and other 
 earthen VefTels. The Height of this 
 Cavity was fuch, that a Man of an 
 ordinary Stature might walk in it almoft 
 upright. It was walled on both Sides, 
 and arched with Stone on the Top, and 
 paved at the Bottom. What was the 
 Intent, Defign and Ufe of them, is not 
 yet difcovered. There was alfo here 
 another 
 
 Pvcligious Houfe dedicated to the 
 Blefled Virgin Mary, fituate in the 
 Middle- fireet in the High Town; and 
 another dedicated to 
 
 St. J-chnEa^tijl, ftanding in the Lower 
 Town, in the Street that is ftill deno- 
 minated from it. There is % ftately 
 new Houfe lately ere&ed in the Place 
 where the Monaftery ftood, and yet 
 tears the Title of St. Johns. There is 
 alfo another ancient Strufture at the 
 South End of the Lower Town, called 
 
 St. jFamer's, becaufe it was dedicated 
 to that Saint. It is laid, that before the 
 Aft of Diflblution, this Houfe was a 
 Lazaret, or Hofpital for Lepers. 
 
 An Hofpital, of which it was found by 
 Jnqtjifirion, taken the 14 Edw. IV. That 
 Radulfn le Strange founded, and endowed 
 5t in Honour of the Blefled Trinity, the 
 Virgin. IMary, and St. John Baptijf. 
 'jlrllaret, the Daughter and Heir of 
 Joko le Strange of Elad'mere, marrying 
 to Ri.bard Lord Tallnt, brought the Pa- 
 trrtna^e of this Hofpital info that Family, 
 and Join Talbt>t> thefirft Earl of Shrews- 
 bury, being lineally defcended from tha 
 I-'amily.orthe Le Stranges, was a conft- 
 derable-Benefaftor to it. It was at the 
 fame Time further found, that the 
 Name of the Ctijfos of this Hofpital had 
 fceen in Proccfs of Time changed into 
 ?hat of Prior. At the Diflblution it 
 was talued at 4 1. os. o d. far- Ann. Dug. 
 Sftef. 
 
 Cbirbury, a, Monaftery of 'Benedifline 
 Monks, who were firft planted at Snede, 
 U the Hundred o Clvp in this County, 
 
 . 
 
 but were afterward removed from thence 
 to this Place; by whom or for what 
 Reafons it doth not appear; but this 
 Town being found more inconvenient 
 than the former, King Edward I. in the 
 9th Year of his Reign, removed them 
 back again to Snede, where they re- 
 mained till they were fupprefled ; but 
 when that was, is not known. 
 
 Farenden, a Monaftery in this County, 
 reckoned by Mr, Holinfotd, among the 
 good Works of King fclin^ to have been 
 built by him, as were the Abbies of 
 Hales above-mentioned, Beaulicu, &c. 
 
 Hagbmond, or Haughmond, a Monaftery 
 of Canons Regular of Sr. Attgujtine, de-- 
 dicated to St. Mary and St. Jobn the 
 Evangelift, and founded i Hen. I. by 
 William Fitz-alan of dun, on which 
 Account he had afterwards a Grant of 
 the Patronage thereof, in all Vacancies 
 made to him by King Henry IL at the 
 Inftance and Defire ot Alttred, then Ab- 
 bot of this Houfe. The Family of Says 
 of Rlccards-Caflle were great Benefac- 
 tors to this Priory ; for Qfbert de Say 
 gave to the Canons here his Mill at 
 Wiebtolfi and his Brother and Heir High 
 de Say confirmed to the faid Canons, 
 one Yard-land lying in a Place called 
 Wydebr&e, within his Lordftiip oiRiccardt- 
 Cafile ; and moreover gave to them his 
 Mill at Rocbefoni, with the Toll, there- 
 of. 
 
 Walter Lord Clifford, called the Son of 
 Ruhard de Ponce, gave alfo to thefe 
 Canons of Hagbmon^ his Mills at Tamed- 
 bury, and certain Lands in Sinetttne, to- 
 which Walter his Son and Heir added his 
 Mills at Culmitcne and Sinetune t for the 
 Maintenance of their Kuchin, with one 
 Yard-land in Sinetune, and a Mcfluage 
 belonging to the Mills there. Robert de 
 Cnfford alfo gave to thefe Monks, 14 
 Edw. III. the Moiety of the Hamlet of 
 Wlndertsnin fVarwhkjbire ', and Ralpb le 
 Strange gave them the Patronage of his 
 Chapel at Croikln. All thefe Lands and 
 Revenues given by feveral Benefactors, 
 King Edward, in the i3th Year of his 
 Reign, confirmed to the Church of St. 
 ' the iivangelift. of H*%ktnan, and 
 
 the-
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 6 9 \ 
 
 the Canons there. Several of the Weljb their Mills or Meadows, unlef* the 
 Princes were among the Benefactors of Ufage had been otherwifc, &V. Pope 
 
 D -* : Boniface IX. granted Indulgences to thofe 
 who mould vifit this Church of Higmon 
 certain Days in the Year, being 
 
 this Houfe, but we have not the Parti- 
 culars. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry V. Anno 
 3. Ralph, then Abbot of this Houfe, and 
 his Convent, at the Inftance of Thomas 
 Earl of Arttndel and Surrey, granted to 
 Robert Lee one Corody /or Life; he 
 being with the faid Abbot, as his Squire 
 with a Boy and two Horfes, was to' 
 have Meat and Drink for himfelf, Boy 
 and Horles, as others of the Abbots 
 Squires in Times part were wont to have, 
 during fuch Time as the faid Robert (hall 
 pleafe to abide in the laid Monaftery, 
 and fo for Apparel. 
 
 In the Time of King Henry VI. Tho- 
 mas Holden, Efq; granted to the Prior 
 
 in certain Days in 
 truly penitent, and confefled. This 
 Houfe at the Diflblurion was valued at 
 259/. 8/. zd. ob. per Ann. Dug. 294 /. 
 1 1 s. $d. per Ann. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 Hales, or Hales-Otuen, a Monaftery 
 of the Order of PrmonJ}r.iterfes, founded 
 after this Manner. ^The Manor and 
 Advowfon of the Church of Hales was 
 given by King John, Reg. n5. to Peter 
 de Rupibfts Bimop of Winchester, for the 
 erecting of a Religious Houfe upon it, 
 which was acordingly performed by the 
 Bifliop, and the Manor fettled upon if. 
 King Henry III. confirmed the whole ; 
 
 of the Holy Trinity of London, and his and, Roger Bifliop of Coventry and Litch- 
 
 ff _ .1 - T_1_-1^ -f . _ .1 l_ n -I - n J . I 
 
 Succeflbrs, in the Behalf of the whole 
 Order of Canons Regular, one Mefluage 
 and Garden in the Pariftx of Sr. Peter 
 and St. Michael, near the North-gate in 
 Oxford, for a College for thofe of that 
 Order to ftudy in. Richard Bifliop of 
 Coventry granted to this Monaftery of 
 Haghman, that the Sacrijtan under the 
 Abbot might baptize as well Jews as 
 Children in the Monaftery, and might 
 ufe Parochial Rights within the fame. 
 Nicholas, Abbot of this Houfe, in the 
 Year 1352, allotted certain Revenues 
 for the Maintenance of the Kitchin, and 
 
 feld, in the Year 1248, appropriated 
 the Church of Watejhale to this Abbey, 
 after the Death of one Vincent, then 
 Reftor of that Church, faving out of 
 the fame a Vicarage of thirteen Marks, 
 to be afligned to a Vicar with all Ob- 
 ventions, &>c. 
 
 In the Year 12-70, Godfrey Bifaop of 
 Worcester, made a Settlement between the 
 Abbot of Hales, and the perpetual Vicar 
 of the Parifli Church there, viz- That the 
 faid Vicar fhall have and receive from, 
 the Abbot ten Marks yearly, an Houfe 
 with Out-houfes, Orchard, Garden, and 
 
 for twenty Hogs yearly for the Bacon of Vefture of the Church-yard ; and that 
 
 the Houfe. 
 
 Richard Burnett, Atbot in the Year 
 1459, made certain Ordinances relating 
 to the Offices of the Prior and Sub- 
 Prior, whereby their Privileges and 
 Precedences were fettled, 8V. Pope 
 Alexander III. granted to this Houfe, and 
 the Canons ferving God there, divers 
 Liberties and Advantages, as not to pay 
 Tithes of the Land and Cattle of their 
 own Pofleffions, to have (liberam Sepul- 
 iurAm) a free Burial-place, to preient 
 Clerks to the Parochial Churches, which 
 they held, yet to account to the Houfe 
 for their Profits ; to celebrate divine 
 Offices privately in the Time of a Ge- 
 neral Inderdift, to pay no Tithes of 
 
 the Canons Ihould find another Prieft, 
 (Preibyterttm fecundarium) to be under the 
 Vicar, and to bear all ordinary and 
 extraordinary Charges. 
 
 Joan de Rotetourt, Widow of Thomat 
 BctetoHrt, and one of the Sitters and 
 Coheirs of John de Someri Baron Dudley, 
 gave the Manor of Werveley, or Wely, in 
 the County of Worcefter, to the Canons 
 of this Houfcs fo found certain Chan- 
 tries, and perform fbme Alms-deeds, 
 according to the Tenure of an Inden- 
 ture made between the Abbot of this 
 Houfe and her. She died foon after; 
 but her Son and Heir J-obn de Botrtourt, 
 as if he inherired her pious Difaofition: 
 as well as Eftute, gare the Advowfons 
 
 * of
 
 $6 
 
 SHE. T.S HIRE. 
 
 of the Churches of Clent and Rottley, 
 with the Chapels thereunto belonging, 
 unto the faid Canons of Hales, John de 
 Hampton alfo gave fome Lands to this 
 Houfe. Wolf on Bilhop of Worcefcr, ap- 
 propriated to this Abbey the above- 
 mentioned Church or Chapel of Rowley, 
 referving to the perpetual Vicar, who 
 {hall have the Cure of Souls there, a 
 Revenue of ten Pounds per Ann. viz. a 
 Mefluage and Curtelage on the South 
 Side of the Church-yard, with the 
 Tithes of Calves and Lambs, &c. and 
 all fmall Tithes, (except of the Lands 
 belonging to the Monaftery) Mortuaries, 
 the Herbage and Trees of the Church- 
 yard, and all the Alterage. 
 
 Sir Hugh Burnett, Governor of the 
 Caftle of Bridsrenorth, and one of the Fa- 
 vourites of King Richard II. by his Te- 
 ftament, dated z Oflcb. 1417. 5 Hen. V. 
 bequeathed his Body to be buried in the 
 Quire of this Abbey of Hales, under a fair 
 Tomb of Alabafter, (which he had be- 
 fore prepared) near the Body of Joyce 
 his Wife, appointing his Funeral to be 
 honourably folemnized, his Debts paid, 
 Servants rewarded, &e. This Monaftery 
 at the Diflblution was valued at 280 /. 
 1 3 j, 2 d. ob. per Ann. Dugd. 3 3 / /. 1 5 s. 
 4d. e-b. per Ann. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 Lillef>al, a Church dedicated to St. 
 Alcmond, and in old Time had in great 
 Veneration. It is faid to have been 
 founded by JEdelfeda, Queen of the 
 Mercians ; but it was much enlarged and 
 endowed with ten Prebends, by King 
 dgar, who dcfcended of the fame Li- 
 neage with the faid Alcmund. In the 
 Heign> nnd by and with the Confent of 
 King Stephen, Richard Eeaumeys, Dean of 
 this Church, gave it over to the Canons 
 Regular of St. Auguftine, who came 
 from St. Peters at Dorcbejter, which 
 Monaftery was then new built, and de- 
 dicated to the ever Blefled Virgin 
 
 try. Alandc Zettcbe, the Lady 
 V Tra/tbttt, &c. were great Bcne- 
 faflors to this Houfe, and the former 
 s>f them having the Patronage of it, left 
 it to his Daughter Afattd, who marrying 
 Retert d*. KoSand carried it into his Fa- 
 l 
 
 mily, King Henry III. confirmed their 
 Eftates. Edelina^ the Daughter of D#- 
 rand the Prieft, gave two MefTuages, 
 with the Apperrinances in Newboroitqh, 
 to this Houfe ; and Robert de Wudeckot, 
 all his Land in Sakerlaw, and MiUifent 
 his Widow, a Yard-land in HorfeLiw, iu 
 pure and perpetual Alms. 
 
 Gilbert de Cnnedore, endeavouring t 
 defraud thefe Canons of one of their 
 Prebends, was excommunicated, till at 
 latt he was prevailed with to reftore it, 
 and to do Penance for his Fault, re- 
 ceiving from every Canon of this Church 
 a publick Difcipline and Correction. 
 In the Time of Roger Bifliop of Coventry^ 
 and Pope Eugenius, the Secular Canons 
 or Prebendaries were changed into Re- 
 gulars. In the Year 1405, the Canon* 
 of this Houfe obtained of. the Pope's 
 Nuncio in England, the Appropriationof 
 the Parifli- Church of Hulme, their Pe- 
 tition fetting forth, that they could 
 make nothing of their Rents and. Pof- 
 fefiions, by ,Reafon of the Wars with 
 Walej, and by Rcafon of their Situation 
 upon the military Way, called Watlln^- 
 Jireet ; for they were impoverished by 
 the continual Conrlux of Gucfts and 
 Travellers, who eat up their Provisions, 
 &c. This Monaftery was fucrendred to 
 King Henry VIII. by Robert Watfon, the 
 laft Abbot, who had a Pen/ion of 50 /. 
 per Ann. fettled, on him for his Life, 
 being valued at the Diflblution at 229 /. 
 $/. orf. per Ann. 3277. io/. o<t per 
 Ann. 
 
 ^ Ludlow, Mr. Speed out of Leland men- 
 tions a Priory of Whitt Friars (Spee-d, 
 ex Lf/.) dedicated to the Virgin Mary y 
 founded by Sir Lawrence Lttdloiv, Knr. 
 Anno I349 24 Edw. HI. and another 
 of Attguftine Friars, dedicated to St. 
 Axgnjtini to which Edmund de Pontibtu 
 or BriJfwMy was a Bene&ftor; but we 
 have no other Account of them, nor any 
 other Religious Houfes in this Town, 
 oxcept 
 
 An Hofpital, dedicated to St. Jvht 
 Baptijl, fituate near the Bridge, founded 
 by Peter Undergod, and by him endowed 
 \vith divert Lands, &c. for the Main- 
 tenance
 
 SHR T SHIR E. 
 
 tenance of certain religious Brethren, Hanaper, granted his Licence to lf.il -I 
 
 and for the Suftenance of poor and in- the Widow of Fulke de Penbrvgre Chiva- 
 
 firm People. He alfo granted to the Her, and others, to purchafe of the A,b- 
 
 Brothcrs, that after his Deceafe they hot and-Conventof the Abbey of Sb 
 
 freely choofe one of themfelvcs 
 to be their Mailer or Cujlos ; and as of- 
 ten as Occafion fliould be, the Matter 
 or Cultos to admit the Brothers, and 
 both of them the Poor, &>c. which 
 Lands, &c. fo given as is abovefaid, 
 were confirmed by Walter de Lacy the 
 chirf Lord of the Fee, and by King 
 Henry III. Reg. 5- This Hofpital at the 
 Diffblutiorx was valued at 1 7 /. 3 i. 3 d. 
 per Ann. Dugd. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 Newport, a Collegiate Church, erctted divcrfe Remainders over 
 by Thomas Draper in this Town, after King Henry V. in the ^ 
 this Manner: King Henry VI. in the 
 2 oth Year of his Reign, hcenfed the 
 faid Thomas Dr^er to purchafe and re- 
 ceive from the Abbot and Convent of 
 St. Peter at Shrewsbury, the Parim- 
 Church of Newport, and therein to 
 found and ereft a College for one Cujlos, 
 a Prieft, and four Chaplains, whom, by 
 
 bury, the Advowlbn of the Church of 
 St. Bartholomew at' Tor.?e, and to ereft 
 and change the fame into a College of 
 five Chaplains, of which one ihould be 
 the Cuftts ; and to endow the fame with 
 Lands and Churches, for the Mainte- 
 nance of the faid Cuftos and Chaplains, 
 and thirteen poor People, more or lefs,- 
 whom he incorporated, &c. fettling the 
 Patronage of the faid College on Ri- 
 chard de Penirugge, in fpccial Tail, wich 
 
 Year of his 
 
 Reign, fetting forth, that by an Atr 
 made in the Parliament late held at 
 Leicefler, all the alien Priories of his 
 Kingdom were given to him and his 
 Heirs, granted to the Cuftos and Chap- 
 lains of this College the Priory of Lap- 
 ley in Staffordshire, and all the Revenues 
 
 surnci., v. ,-- r . -. thereunto appertaining, being hereto- 
 
 the Name of the Cujlos and Chaplains fore Part of the Pofleflions of the Abbey 
 of St. Mary-College of Newport, he incor- of S. Remigius at Rbeimes in Champelgne in 
 porated, with a Licence to endow the- France, provided that the Vicarage of 
 fame wi'th Lands, Qfc. of the Value of the Church of Lapley be fufficiently en- 
 ten Pounds per Ann. and appropriate the dowed, and a competent Sum allowed, 
 Parifh-Church to the fame, provided to the Poor of the Parifli, according 
 that the Cuflos for the Time being take to that Statute. The Revenues at the 
 upon him the Cure of Souls and mini- DiiTolution were valued at za/. 8;. \c. 
 fter all 'and fingular the Sacraments to 'per Ann. Dugd. Speed ex Lei. 
 the Parifhloners, &c. Wenlock, or Wendlock, was moft an- 
 
 Ratllngcope, or Ratlinghope, a Priory of ciently a Nunnery, in which S. Milbur- 
 Canons Regular of St. Auguftine, dedi- ga, Niece of Wilphere King of Mercia^ 
 cated to St. Giles ; but who was the lived and died the Abbefs with the Re- 
 founder, and what Endowments it had, putation of great Sanftity. This Houlc 
 we can't difcover. All that we find of being totally decayed and ruined, Ro- 
 jr is That LeweJin Prince of North- ger As Montgomery Earl of Shrew. bury, e- 
 Wales granted his Letters of Protection recced in its Place a Monullery -for the 
 to the' Canons of this Houfe; to exempt Monks of Cluni, an Order which he 
 them and theirs from all Rapine and much refpe&ed. The Church he dedi- 
 Depredations, or any other Moleftation cated to S. Milburgh. The Benefactors 
 from the bordering Welch; and this to this Monaftery were, I. Jeffrey de Say, 
 
 who by and with the Confcnt of Alice 
 Cheney his. Wife, gave to the Prior and 
 Convent of this .Houfe, all his Manor 
 
 was done on the Account of one Walter 
 Corbet, a Canon of this Houfe, his Kinf- 
 
 man. . 
 
 Tonge, a Collegiate' Church thus 
 founded : King Henry IV. .Reg.^ I a. for 
 the Sum of forty Pounds paid into the 
 
 of Dodington or Dudtngton in this County, 
 with all its Appertinances, which Grant 
 King Henry II. by two Charters, and 
 T t t t
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 King Henry III. by one, confirmed to the 
 laid Convent. 2. William Mittleton and 
 Adam Tin- william jy Clerk of Mittleton, 
 refigned to the Prior and Convent of 
 this Houfe two Yard lands, which their 
 Anceftors had unjuftly detained from 
 them. 3. Ifabel de Say, Wife of William 
 Fitz alan, Earl Arundel, was alfo a Be- 
 nefa&refs, but v/e find not the Particu- 
 lars. 4. William de Boterell, and Ifabella 
 his Wife, gave the Church of S. George 
 of Clun to thefe Monks, by which Dona- 
 tions the Revenues of this Houfe were fo 
 much increafed, that at the Diflblution 
 they were valued at 401 /. i s. 7 d. \per 
 Ann. Dttgd. 434 /. o /. I d. 4 fer Ann. 
 Sfeed ex Lei. 
 
 Wombrigze, a Monaftery of Canons 
 Regular of S. Auguftine, founded by Wil- 
 liam Fitz-alan of Clan, who dedicated it 
 to God, S. Mary and St. Leonard. Many 
 were the Benefa&ors to this Priory, a- 
 mong whom were the Lords of Cberinton, 
 who gave divers Lands and Revenues 
 in that Town to it. All the Pofleffions 
 of thefe Canons, with divers Liberties 
 to them granted by their feveral Bene- 
 fa&ors, were recited and confirmed by 
 King Edw. II. Anno Reg. \ 2. The Re- 
 venues at the Diflolution were valued 
 at 65 7. 7 s. 4 d. per Ann. Dugd, 72 /. 1 5 j. 
 8 d. per Ann. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 The MARTYRS of this County are, 
 
 William Thorpe, who having for 20 
 Years and more travelled up 
 and down the Nation propagating the 
 Gofpel-Do&ines, then lately received 
 by jFohn Wickliffe, and among other Pla- 
 ces, where he chiefly abode, preached 
 much at Shrewsbury, was at length ap- 
 prehended and rmprifoned by Arch- 
 fcilhop Arundel at Saltwood-Caftle in Kent, 
 where having remained fome Time, 
 the Archbifhop having no particular 
 Charge againft him, and but a Sufpi- 
 cion of Herefy, offered him his Liberty, 
 
 * If he would fwear to him to forfkke 
 
 * all the Opinions which the Set 
 of the Lofarr's held, and hereafter 
 neither privily nor openly hold or 
 teach any fuch Opinion, nor favour 
 any Man or Woman, young or old, 
 rhar holdeth them, but to the belt of 
 his Knowledge and Power fhall with- 
 ftand fuch Difturbcrs of Holy Church 
 in every Diocefe where he fhould 
 come, and them that will not leave 
 their falle and damnable Opinions, 
 he will make known their Names to 
 the Bifhop of the Diocefe, in which 
 
 5 
 
 they are, or his Minifters, and more- 
 over fhall preach no more, till he 
 fhould undcrftand by good Witnefs 
 that he had utterly abandoned his he- 
 retical Opinions and Doftrines, which 
 he had before held and taught. Wil- 
 liam Thorpe an (were d to this Propofal, 
 That if he jbotild confent to it, he fionld do 
 a Thing unlawful and deem Jhimfelf ac~ 
 cuffed, l>y becoming an Appealed and a. Spy 
 pr every Bijbop, and be the Cattje of the 
 Death both of Men and Women both ghoftly 
 and bodily : for many of both Sexes that (land 
 now in the Way of Salvation, if he Jhonld in- 
 form of them to the Bifiop and his mercilefs 
 Jldinijlers, would for fake the Ways of Truth 
 to avoid the Troubles and Perfecutions which 
 they would lay upon them to conjlrain their 
 Confent to their Doftrines. This Anfyver 
 provoked the Archbifhop fo much, that 
 he told him, that he was not willing to 
 leave his old Errors he law, and there- 
 fore added, That he fhould quickly ei- 
 ther confent to his Ordinance, and fub- 
 mit to his Decrees, or elfe by S. Thomas 
 he fhould be degraded, and follow his 
 Fellow {William Saxtrey, &. little before 
 
 mar-
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 699 
 
 marryr'd) into Smitkfeld. William Thorp, 
 after fome further Difcourfe with the 
 Archbifhop, who was impatient for a 
 direQ: Anfwer, faid, / tell you at one Word, 
 I dare not for the Dread of God, fubmit to 
 you after the Tenure and Sentence that you 
 have rehearfed above to me. 
 
 The Archbilhop having thus dealt 
 with Wltt'iam Thorp, according to St. 
 Pants Advife, (as he fpeaks) If It may 
 Be, as much as in us is, we ought to have 
 Peace With all Men ; and not prevailing, 
 came to a more clofe Accufation of 
 him, and produced a Certificate lent to 
 him from Shrewsbury, under the Bailiff's 
 Seal, witnefiing his Errors and Heretics 
 to this Eflfeft : 
 
 * The third Sunday after Eafte'r, in 
 
 * the Year of our Lord, One Thou- 
 
 * fand Four Hundred and Seven, Wil- 
 
 * Ham Thorp came into the Town of 
 
 * Shrewsbury, and through Leave grant- 
 
 * ed unto him to preach, he faid open- 
 "* ly in St. Chad's Church in his Sermon, 
 
 * That the Sacraments of the Altar af- 
 
 * ter the Confecration was material 
 1 Bread ; And that Images fhould in no 
 
 * wife be worfhipped ; And that Men 
 
 * fhould not go on Pilgrimages ; And 
 that Priefts have no Title to Tithes ; 
 And that it is not lawful for to fwear 
 
 * ill any wife. 
 
 William Thorp having heard the Certi- 
 ficate read, anfwered, That he never 
 preached or taught fo either openly or privily ; 
 but the Archbifhop replied, That he 
 would give Credence to thofe worfoipful Men 
 of Shrewsbury, -who had witnejfed thofe 
 Things under their Seals ; and further, be- 
 caufe thou baft troubled the Commonalty of 
 their Town with thy Doctrine, have prayed 
 us, that if thou jbalt be made to fujjer (as 
 thou art worthy) open Jourefle ( a Re- 
 cantation) for thine Hfrejlesy it may be 
 done among them, that fuch as tt:ou haft 
 perverted, may through Fear of the like Suf- 
 ferings be reconciled again to the "Unity of the 
 Chur.h, and fuch as ftand in the true Faith 
 0f Holy Church, may be thereby better efta- 
 tlijhed therein. And by my Cbrijl (lays the 
 
 Archbifhop) this hearty Prayer and fervent 
 Requeft foatt be thought on. 
 
 Upon this Denial of William Thorp, it 
 was moved by the Do&orj then prefent, 
 that the Archbifhop fhould appofe aHd 
 examine him in all the Points that were 
 certified againft him, that they might 
 hear his Anfwers from his own Mouth, 
 and be WitnefTes of them; whereupon 
 the Archbifliop taking the Certification 
 in his Hand, laid, Thou preachedjl openly 
 at St. Chad'/, That the Sacrament of the 
 Altar was material Bread after the Confe- 
 cr<*t' : on ; what fay ft thou ! Refteth there after 
 the Confecration In the Hojt material Bread, of 
 no ? W. Tborp anfwered with a Protefta- 
 tion, I believe, that Jefus Chrlft, the Night 
 beforebefuffered, took Bread, ble/ed it, and 
 brake it, and gave it to his Difciples, faying, 
 Take, eat, this is my Body; and this is, 
 and ought to be all Mens Belief, and in this 
 Belief I purpofe to live and die, acknowledge 
 ing that the worjhipfttl Sacrament if the Al- 
 tar is the Sacrament of Chrijt's Fief!) and 
 Blood in Form of Bread and Wine. But re- 
 plied the Archbifhop, The Chimb hath 
 determined, That there alldeth no Subftants 
 of Bread after the Confecration in the Sacra- 
 ment of the Altar, and believe/} then not this 
 Ordinance of the Church ? What fay the 
 Doftors of this Sacrament ? W. Thorp re- 
 plied, The Ordinances of Men muft not be 
 put into c>ur Belief ; yet we refufe not the 
 Judgment of thcfe Pillars of the Church, 
 fuch as I. St. Paul, who cattetb the Sacra- 
 ment the Bread which we break. Z. St. Au- 
 ftin, who faith, that in the Sacrament tie 
 Thing which is feen is bread, but Mem 
 Faith makes it Cl'ift's Body. And 3. Ful- 
 gentiug^y*&, That as it is an "Error to fay, 
 That Chrlft is very Man, and not very Gcd ; 
 or on the contrary, very God, and not very 
 Man ', fo Is It alfo an Error to fay, The Sa- 
 crament is but a Subftance (i. e. Bread and 
 not Chrlft's Bcdy } or Chrlft's Body and not 
 Bread.} Lajfly, In the Canon cf the Mafs 
 the Sacrament Is c ailed Holy Bread. And thus 
 the Church held far a tboufand Years after 
 Chrlft. This is, and fiall always be my 
 Belief; do with me t Gcd t what tbc 
 wilt. 
 
 T 1 1 t 2 
 
 Well
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Well well, faid the Archbifhop, thott 
 fialt fay otherwife before I leave thee. But 
 what fay ft thou to the fetond Point alledged 
 agai>?J} thee by tie 'worthy Men of Shrewf- 
 bury, ihat thou.preachedjl there, that Ima- 
 ges ought not io be worshipped in any wife. 
 W. Thorp replied, That fines every Thin* 
 that God made was very good, they are all 
 'praifable and worjhipful for the End that 
 God made them, and efpe:ially Man., who 
 was created in God's likenefs ; but the car- 
 ving, catting and painting of Imagery made 
 with Man's Hands, tho' much accented and 
 ordained by Man, ought not to be worfoipped 
 in Form, or in the Likemfs of Man's Craft. 
 The Archbifliop anfwered, I grant that 
 no Body, ought to do Worship to any fuch I- 
 m ages for 'them fellies \ but a Crucifix ought 
 to Is worshipped 'for the.PajTton ofChriJlthat 
 is painted thereon, and fo brought to Metis 
 Minds:, and thqi the Images of the, '1'ejfed 
 Trinity, , the Virgin Mary, Chris's Mcther, 
 and other Sa'mts, ought to he worshipped, as 
 .King's Letters are refpeffed ly pulling off the 
 Cap to them. William Thorp replied, That 
 ft.ch tiM-traf "Ufages may be done , without 
 Sin ',.lut i'lis anthcrizeth us not to tvorjbip 
 Images, fince Mofc's v David, Solomon 
 and Baruch do fo plainly forbid the wor- 
 fiippixg of Images. The Archbifliop an- 
 f we red, Under the Law before Ckrijt be- 
 came 'Man, there <was no Likenefs of the 
 Trinity, cr any Perfon of it ', but Jlnce 
 Chrift's Incarnation 'tis lawful to 'have Ima- 
 pes to fietv his Manhcod ; and 'tis well 
 done to paint the Trinity in Images, becaufe 
 it is a great Moving of the Devotion of 
 Men, to fee them as well as the other Ima- 
 ges cf Saints. To which W. Thorp an- 
 fwered, Certainly if the wonderful working 
 of God, and .the My Lives and Doflrines of 
 Chrijt, hi; Ajoftles and Prophets, were 
 riic<;*?. known to the People ly the hvly Living 
 and Teaching of the Priejl, they would be 
 /efficient Becks to know God by, and his 
 Saints, witk(ut Inwiees made by Mens 
 Hands. The Archbifliop then appealed 
 as it were to him, and asked him, If he 
 could think ;i decent to go into a Church and 
 fen r,c Image there ? To which W. Thorp 
 replied, They that c to a Church tty pray 
 devoutly to God, may be the more fervent in 
 , when they fee rolling \o draw away 
 
 their Senfes ; and face Chrijl llejfed them 
 that believed in him, and yet had never feen 
 him, it is hetter for all Men, through heav- 
 ing and believing his Word, to know and o- 
 bey God's Will, than feek InJtruRion by 
 Images made with Mens Hands ',. and crt 
 'this Account St. Gregory the Great, com- 
 mended a Bifoop for forbidding Images to be 
 worfoipped. The Archbifhop fomething 
 heated by this Anfwer, faid, Since by the 
 Rood at the North-door of St. Paul'j Lon- 
 don, at the Images of our Lady at Wal- 
 fingham, and of many other Saints in di- 
 vers Places in England, many great and 
 praifable Miracles are done, Jhottld not the 
 Images of fuch holy Saints be worshipped? 
 To this William Thorp replied, That there 
 is no fuch Virtue in any Image that it JhoulJ 
 be therefore worfiipped', and that he was cer- 
 tain that there is no Miracle done of God, that 
 Images Jhould be worjhipped ; and' therefore at 
 he preached at Shrewsbury, fo he did then 
 declare, That no Body Jhould trufl to an I- 
 mage, nor vow, kneel, bow, pray, or offer 
 any Thing to them, nor kifs and incenfe- 
 them, but rather dejlroy them, as Hezekias 
 did the Brazen Serpent. And as to the Mi- 
 racles wrought by them, if we mind what 
 St. Auguftine, St. Gregory, St. Chry- 
 foflome, and other great Doctors of the 
 Chitrih, have written concerning them ', it 
 is to be feared, that for the Infidelity of Men 
 and Women, the Devil hath great Power to 
 work many of (if not all} the Miracles done 
 in thofe Places at this prefent. Time ; for the 
 Word of God is fufficient for Mans Salva- 
 tion, and none but a wicked and adulterous 
 Generation feeks after Signs. 
 
 Here the Archbifhop pafled to the 
 next Accusation brought againft him in 
 the Certificate, and faid, How fayjl thott 
 to this Dotfrine preached by thee, Thut Pil- 
 grimages are not lawful, and that thofe Men 
 and Women that go an Pilgrimages to Can- 
 terbury, Bevcrley, Walfingham, &V. 
 are a^curfed, and foclifoly fpend tleir Goods 
 in Wajle . To tl.Js ViiUltm Thorpe plead- 
 ed, That he never fa: d that no Pilgrimage 
 is lawful, for there is a true Pilgrimage of 
 Men travelling thro* this World toward the 
 Place of Elifs in Heaven, bufying them- 
 felves to know truly and keep the Commands 
 of God t walking it: the Ways of Rightetuf-
 
 S HRO P SHIRE. 
 
 70.1 
 
 fjf/jr, bating and avoiding the By-paths of faid, That by the Authority of Chrijl and 
 Sin, and loving and pracliftng the Cardinal St. James, and the Tefliuony of divers 
 Virtues and all the Branches of them, t This 
 is a good Pilgrimage ', but as he fa id at 
 Shrewsbury, fo he faid now. That fuch 
 as have fefify Wills, and travelling -far In 
 
 Saints and Doctors, It is not lawful In any 
 Cafe to fwear by any Creature, nor in any 
 Caff, if that without an Oath in any wife 
 he that is harged to fwear may excuft him- 
 
 their Bodies, 'fpend much Money to feek and felf to them, that have Power to compel' hint 
 viftt the Bones and Images of this and that to fwear, even in lawful Things. ', hut if a 
 Saint, are neither acceptable to God nor any Man cant excafe himfelf without an Oath 
 Saint, but wajle blamefutty thofe Goods /' to them that have Power to compel bint to 
 vain Pilgrimage:, with which they froulA do fwear,, then he ought tofwear only by God^ 
 Works of Mercy according to God's Command , taking him only, who is Truth it felf, to be 
 to poor and needy Men and Women. a JViinefs of his Truth. To fwear upon a, 
 
 The next Charge the Shrewsbury Men Book is to fwear by Creatures ; and therefore- 
 brought againft him was. That hepreach- St. Chryfoftome blames them greatly that 
 ed, That Priefls have no Title to Tithes, bring forth a Book to fwear upon, and char- 
 which W. Thorp deny'd, yet own'd, that ges Clerks not to conjlraln any Body to fwear 
 
 being confulted by a certain Perfon a- 
 bout the Payment of Tithes in the Pri- 
 fon, he referred him to fome more ju- 
 dicious Clerk ; but when he would not 
 depart without his Anfwer, he faid, 
 In the Old Law, which ended at 
 
 whether truly or falfely ; for he faith, 'tis * 
 Sin to fwear well, i. e. to fwear to the 
 Truth, when in any Manner a Man may 
 excufe himfelf withcut an Oath. Other 
 Diicourfes parted at this Examination by 
 the Archbifliop, but all concluded with. 
 
 Refurreftion, God commanded Tithes to be this Queftion, Wilt thott fubmif to the Or- 
 given to the Levites, but In the new Law dinance of Ro.'y Church, or no" 1 . But he prc- 
 jieither Chrijl nor any of his. Apofcles. took mifing it no further than was agreeable. 
 
 Tithes, of 'the People, nor commanded the 
 People to pay Tithes to Deacons or Priejls. 
 Chrift and his Apojlles lived of the pure Alms 
 of the People, and after Chrift' s Afcenjton 
 they travelled with their Hands to get a 
 Livelihood. St. Paul indeed faith, That 
 they that preach the Gofpel fhall live 
 of the Gofpel ; but prefently adds, that he 
 afed not that Power. Did Priejls live vir- 
 tuaujly and preach conftantly, taking no Tithes, 
 
 to God's Law, his Submiflion w*as re- 
 jefted, and he was remanded to Prifon^ 
 What became of him afterwards, is not. 
 known : It is not found that he was 
 burned. It is moft probable, that being 
 committed to Prifon, he was either fe- 
 crctly made away, or died of Sicknef* 
 and hard Ufage. 
 
 William Glover, who tho' he efcaped 
 the Hands of the Papifts during his Life, 
 
 Offerings or other Duties, the People would may be properly enough reputed a Alar- 
 give them a fuffideni Livelihood. Chrift and tyr after his Death. He died &tWemmin 
 his Apoftles lived -by the pure Alms of the 
 People, and the Diflrle ought to be as his 
 Majter, and not above him. 
 
 After this fome moved the Archbifhop 
 to defift from talking with him, as be- 
 ing without Hopes of doing good upon 
 him ; but the Archbifhop replied, that 
 there was one Fein: more certified a- 
 Aunt him, and he would hear what he 
 
 could fay to it, viz. That it is not lawful 
 tofwear in any Cafe. What Jay ft then to 
 jt? William 77;w/> ar.fwered, 7 hat he ne- 
 w.r taught fo openly in any Place, but th.rt 
 be preached in Shrewsbury, and fo j;cw 
 
 this County, and being brought to the 
 Parifh- Church there to be buried, one 
 Bernard, who was then the Curate, and 
 fo continued, when Mr. Fox wrote this 
 Part of his Martyrology, would not 
 futfer his Body to be interred, but rode 
 to the then Bifhop of Coventry and 
 Llt-hfield, Dr. Ralph Baines, to certify 
 him of the Matter, and take his Order,. 
 and advife what he fhould do. In the 
 mean Time the Body lying unburied a 
 whole Day ; One Richard Morrlce a Tay* 
 lor in the Night-rime, attempted to bury- 
 him, but was hindred by one John Ttor~
 
 702 
 
 SHROPSHIRE* 
 
 tin and others, from fo doing, fo that 
 the Corpfe lay above Ground without 
 Sepulture two Days and a Night, till 
 Bernard the Curate returned with the 
 Bifhop's Letter, directed to the Parim. 
 of Wen h to this jEffea : * That he un- 
 ' derftanding that one Glover, an Here- 
 ' tick, was dead in the Parifli of Went, 
 which Glover, for all the Time of his 
 1 heingin this Country, hath been known 
 ' for a Rebel againft our Holy Faith 
 
 * and Religion, a Contemner of the 
 ' Holy Sacraments and Ceremonies ufed 
 ' in Holy Church, and hath feparated 
 ' himfelf from the Communion of all 
 ' good Chriftian Men, and never re- 
 ' quired to be reconciled to our Mother 
 
 * Holy Church, and in his laft Days 
 
 * did .not call for his ghoftly Father, 
 ' but died without all Rites belonging 
 'to a Chriftian Man. I thought it 
 
 * good not only to command the Curate 
 ' of Went, that he mould not be buried in 
 
 * Chriftian Man's Burial, but alfo will 
 
 * and command all the Parifh of Wem, 
 ' that no Man procure, help, or fpeak 
 ' to have him buried in Holy Ground", 
 ' but efpecially the Churchwardens, to 
 ' afllft the Curate in hindring and let- 
 
 * ting that he be not buried neither in 
 
 the Church or Churchyard. And I 
 alfo charge thofe that brought the 
 Body to the Place, to carry it away 
 again at their own Charge, as they 
 will anfwer ir at their Peril. At 
 Ecclefch 6 Sept. 1558." By Virtue of 
 this Letter, thofe Perfons who had 
 brought the Corps to be buried, were 
 forced at their own Charge to carry it 
 back again, and becaufe it was fo cor- 
 irupted, and fmeltfb ftrong, that no Man 
 could come near it, they were fain to 
 draw it with Horfes into a Broom-field > 
 and there bury it. 
 
 Edward Burton, Eiq; being alfb in 
 thefeDays accounted an Heretick, was 
 denied Chriftian Burial by the Curate 
 of St. Chad's Church at Shrew 'tbury t 
 where by his Will he had ordered his 
 Body to be buried; whereupon his 
 Friends were forced to bring back his 
 Body and bury it in his own Garden, as 
 we have already related in Longnor. 
 
 Oliver Richardine, of the Parifli of 
 Whitchurch, in this County, was burned 
 at Hartford Weft, Sir John Igone being 
 Sheriff at the fame Tinie, which feemeth 
 to have been about the later End of 
 King Henry Vlllth's Reign. 
 
 Sufferers for their Loyalty and the Epifcopal Go- 
 vernment, in the late rebellious Times, may be 
 ranked here. 
 
 R. William Wggins y Archdeacon of 
 Derby, and Re&or of Stoke upon 
 he being a Chauntcr in the Ca- 
 thedral of Lltchfeld) was driven by the 
 JLord Rrooks's Forces from his Dwelling 
 there, to the King's Army for Safe- 
 guard, and being taken Prifoncr after 
 Edgkill Fight, was kept clofe in Prifon 
 Mt Coventry a quarter of a Year, till he 
 i>urchafcd his Releafc dear ; but fbon 
 
 after, all his Preferments, Goods and 
 Books were feized, except Stoke Par- 
 fonage, where he was fuftered only to 
 keep a Curate, and take fome Profit 
 from it ; but that alfo was foon taken 
 from him, and he and his Family, a 
 Wife and Children, forced to depend 
 upon the Chanty of a Cottager and 
 fome mean Perfons. At length he was 
 ordered Fifths to be paid him out of his 
 
 fequcfter'd
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 fequefter'd Living, but could obtain but 
 1 5 /. per Ann. which was not a feventh 
 Part ; yet on this by teaching School 
 he procured a Subfiftance for his Fami- 
 ly, till tbe Lieutenant General of the 
 County hindred him from teaching 
 School, which brought extream Poverty 
 upon him and his, infomuch that 
 they muft have been ftarved, had 
 not Sir Richard Levefon and fome other 
 Gentlemen of the Neighbourhood, re- 
 lieved them. He lived to the Reftora- 
 tion, but died before he could provide 
 for his Family. 
 
 Ambrofe Philips, of Wefibury firft Por- 
 tion, was fcqueftred from his Re&ory in 
 1645, by the Committee of Salop t and 
 
 he was eje&ed the next Year by a Par- 
 ty of Soldiers. He had then a Wife and 
 ten Children, who were turned out of 
 Doors. He was afterward permitted to 
 rent the Tithes, but when his Barns 
 were full, the Committee fent an Or- 
 der, and feized all the Tithes and Pro- 
 fits ; fo that from thenceforth his Fami- 
 ly was forced to fubfift by Charity 
 chiefly ; for tho' he had a Tenement of 
 30 /. per Ann. he could never get above 
 61. a Year clear; and would have 
 taught School, but he could not be al- 
 lowed that Liberty. He lived to be re- 
 ftored, but not without great Oppofttion 
 from the adverfe Party. 
 
 Divines of Note in this County, whofe Place of Na- 
 tivity or Residence is not known. 
 
 RL-hard Talbct, Brother of Sir John 
 Talbot, firft Earl of Shrewsbury. 
 He being bred to Learning, was confe- 
 crated Archbifliop of Dublin in Ireland, 
 Anno Domini 1417, and fat two and thir- 
 ty Years in that See, being all that 
 Time Privy Counfellor to King Henry 
 V. and VI. twice Chief Juftice, and 
 once Chancellor of Ireland. He defer- 
 ved well of his Church, (founding fix 
 petty Canons, and as many Chorifters 
 therein) yea, and generally of all Ire- 
 land,, by writing a Book againft jFames 
 Duke of Qrmond, wherein he detects his 
 Abufes during his Lieutenancy in Ire- 
 land. He died 15 Aug. 1649, anc l lies 
 buried in St. Patrick's Church in Dublin, 
 under a Marble Scone. He was in his 
 declining Age ur.animoufly chofe Arch- 
 bifliop of Armagh, which, the' an higher 
 Station, he refufed to remove to it, 
 \vifely preferring Safety before Honour 
 or Profit. His Epitaph is mean, un- 
 worthy of fo good a Man. 
 George Day t fucceffively Scholar, Fel- 
 
 low and Provoft of King's College Cam- 
 br ; dge, which laft he retained with his 
 Bifhoprick of Chichefter, to which he 
 was confecrated Anno i 543. He was a 
 pertinaceous Papift ; and that he might 
 feem to conform to the Reformation 
 began in King Ed-ward's Reign, and to 
 keep his See, preached a kind of Re- 
 cantation Sermon ; but either it was not 
 fatisfa&ory, or he relapfed into his old 
 Errors, and was thereupon deprived of 
 his See, and Dr. John Story put into his 
 Place. But Queen .Miry's Accefllon 
 procured his Reiteration, which he 
 lived not long to enjoy, for he died An- 
 no i 556". 
 
 William Day was his Brother, but of a 
 clear different Principle and Difpofi- 
 tfon. The former was a moft rigid Pa- 
 pift, but this was a zealous Proteftant. 
 They both lived in the fame College 
 together, and this being the Younger, 
 and having fome ^ Dependence upon his 
 elder Brother, requefted of him a little 
 Money to buy Books, and fome other 
 
 Ne-
 
 7 o 4 S II R <P 
 
 Neceffaries, and of him received a De- 
 nial, in thefc or the like Words : 
 
 * That he thought it not fit to fpend the 
 
 * Goods of the Church upon him, who 
 was an Enemy to the Church.' (for 
 fo he thought him, being fufpe&ed of 
 favouring the Principle of the Prote- 
 ftants) But tho' William found no better 
 Reception from his Brother, he could 
 iay in Solomon's Words, ' That there is 
 
 * a Friend who is nearer than a Bro- 
 
 * ther,' in not wanting thofe who plen- 
 
 SHIRE. 
 
 tifully fnpplied his Necefli ties of all 
 Kinds, and more efpecially in Books, 
 which he ufed to fo good Purpofe, 
 that he became a famous Man. He 
 was chofen ProGor of Cambridge in 
 1558, and afterwards was made by Q. 
 Elizabeth (who highly eftcemed him for 
 his Learning and Piety) Provoft of Ea- 
 ton and Dean of Windfor, and at Length 
 raifed him to the See of WtHcfofter, but 
 he was fcarcely fettled in it before he 
 died, Anno 1 5516. 
 
 CHARITY SCHOOLS, in this County, are at 
 
 BIjbops-CaJMe, where is a School fet 
 up for the teaching of fourteen 
 poor Boys to read, write, fing, and fay 
 their Catechifm. 
 
 Chirburry, a fmall School for fix Boys, 
 to be inftru&ed as above. 
 
 Farlow, a School for eight Children 
 taught by Siibfcriptions, procured by a 
 worthy Gentlewoman. 
 
 Lidbury North, a School ere&ed for 
 the Inftru&ion of all the poor Children 
 in the Parim, founded'by one Mr. Shjp- 
 man y who was Servant to a Gentleman 
 'in that Panfli, and gave two hundred 
 Pounds for this good Ufe. The Money 
 is depofited in the Hands of that Gentle- 
 man s Family, in which Mr. Shipman 
 was a Servant ; and the Intereft, which 
 is ten Pounds^ Ann. isconftantly paid 
 every Year to the Teacher of the Chil- 
 dren. 
 
 Ludlow, wnere arc two Schools, one 
 for Boys, which at the firft was for the 
 Inihuuion of forty Boys only, of 
 which twenty-five of the poorelt only 
 were cloathcd; but this School, by the 
 Charity and Contributions of fome libe- 
 ral Benefactors, is now incrcafed to 
 fifty Boys, and all of them c loathed ; 
 the other School is for Girls, which at 
 firft was intended- for the teaching of 
 twenty-five Girls only, of which fifteen 
 
 were cloathed ; but this School is in- 
 creafed to thirty Girls, and all of 
 them are cloathed. 
 
 Mainforij where arealfo two Schools, 
 one for the teaching, of twelve poor 
 Children ; and the other at a diftant 
 Part of the -Town for the teaching of 
 eight more, both for Boys only. Two 
 Children in this School are cloathed. 
 
 Newport) an Englijl) Free- School e- 
 refted for all the Children of the Town, 
 which is pretty large. It is endowed' 
 with twenty Pounds per Ann. by a pri- 
 vate Gentleman, to which the Crown 
 hath made an Addition of five Pounds 
 per Ann. for the Encouragement of the 
 Teachers. 
 
 Norton, a fmall School for the Educa- 
 tion of fix Boys only. 
 
 Ofweftry, a School for forty Chil- 
 dren, of which twenty are cloathed, and 
 all of them taught by a Miftrefs to read, 
 and by her obliged to give an Account 
 of Mr> Lewis's Expofition, and the A- 
 bridgment of the Hiftory of the Bible, 
 by Heart, befides, Mr. Turner s Spelling- 
 Book, and the Catechifm dmded v ,into 
 fliort Queftion5;. And when any-. Child 
 can perform all tlus, the Alittrefs, for 
 her Labour and Encouragement, hath 
 a Reward of Seven Shillings and Six- 
 pence allowed her, 
 
 When
 
 SHR <P 
 
 "When the Boys are made perfe& in 
 their Reading, and can in fome to- 
 lerable Meafure perform the former 
 Things, they arc lent to a Mafter, who 
 is to teach them to vjite and cypher, 
 by an Agreement of five Shillings per 
 Head, which is to be paid as foon as 
 they have made fuch a Progrefs in 
 them, as the Minifter of the Town for 
 the Time being, judgeth fufficient for 
 their Purpofe. 
 
 Some Part of the Number are Girls, 
 *nd they are taught to fpin, knit and 
 few, in which when they are perfected, 
 the Miftrefs is allowed ten Shillings 
 each ; and chat foe may be the more di- 
 ligent and careful to teach them, let 
 the Time be long or fliort in ^yhich 
 they arc taught, the Allowance is al- 
 ways the fame. 
 
 Divers ingenious Methods are made 
 life of in this School (worthy to be imi- 
 tated in Bothers) to provoke the Chil- 
 dren to fuch Emulation, as may put 
 them forward in their Learning, viz. 
 Twenty of them are fet to drive againft 
 other twenty fof Shoes, and the twenty 
 that gets moft of the Expositions and o- 
 ther Books by Heart, haVe Shoes firft ; 
 and then ten more are fet againft other 
 ten ; and fo on till they are mod round. 
 To the like Pur^>ofe^. Shift is hung up 
 in the School for the beft Spinner ; an 
 Head-drefs for the beft Setfer ; a Pair 
 
 SHIRR 70 5 
 
 of Stockings for the beft Knitrcr ; a Bi- 
 ble for the beft Reader, and a Copy- 
 Book for the bell Writer. This School 
 is fupporred by Subfcriptions of twenty- 
 one Pounds per Ann. and the Offertory 
 at the Sacrament, which amounts to a- 
 bout nine Pounds per Ann. which by 
 theConfent of the Minifter and Church- 
 wardens, is thus employed for the Good 
 of the Poor. Mr. Owen, Vicar of this 
 Parifli, lately deceafed, was, while he 
 lived, a zealous Promoter of this School, 
 and left 20 /. towards "the Foundation of 
 it. 
 
 SUfnaJl, a finall School for fix poor 
 Children only ; but it is the more con- 
 fiderable, becaufe they are all cloathed. 
 Shrewsbury, where are four Schools 
 within the Town, wherein are taught an 
 hundred and forty! poor Children, all of 
 them cloathed, and fome of them have 
 been put out Apprentices. The Sub- 
 fcriptions to thele Schools are about 
 70 /. per Ann. and what thcfe come molt 
 in is done by particular Contributions, 
 and other Means found out by the Ma^- 
 nagers. There are alfo other Children 
 taught in the Suburbs, to the Number 
 of about 40, which we have no further 
 Account of. 
 
 Sihington y vfherc three Children are put 
 to School, and paid for by a Divine. 
 
 Wtm^ a School for 40 Boys J but we 
 have no Information about it. 
 
 U u u u 
 
 Tfx
 
 SHR 5> SHIR 
 
 1'he 'fable of the Towns, Villa* es, and Hamlets of this Bv#^ 
 dredy together with the Hundreds and l^eamries in which 
 they ftandy and the Faliie of the Churches^ both in the 
 Kings- Books > and their prefent Worthy flawing what Li- 
 vings. ~bemg &nder 50 L per Animni^ are exempted from 
 of Tenths,. 
 
 Towns Names. 
 
 Sjtndredi. 
 
 Xlear-erlej. 
 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 \ 
 
 King't Bosks, 
 
 Real 
 
 ABby Foryare 
 Abdon 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 Wenlock 
 
 V.Shrcwsbiiry 
 R. Chin and . 
 
 S o 
 3: 6 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 32 o a 
 
 ^ccieion 
 
 Stottefdon. 
 
 Wen lock 
 
 
 
 
 A&on Burn el I 
 
 Condovcr 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 6 10 
 
 o 
 
 
 Aton Figot 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 
 A ftoix. R-ey nold. 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 A 8 on Scot 
 
 Monflow 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 f IO 
 
 o 
 
 44 o o 
 
 Adderley, 
 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 II 6 
 
 Q 2 
 
 
 Adnia&on. 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 Adney 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 .Alberburf 
 Albrighton 
 
 Fowl 
 Pbr-hili 
 
 V. Ponsbury 
 
 5 10 
 
 O 
 
 35 o * 
 
 Albrightoo. 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 V. Newport 
 
 5, 10 
 
 O 
 
 
 Alca&on, 
 
 Monflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 Alderron 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 S. Alku>as, 
 
 Shuewsbviry 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 6 o 
 
 O 
 
 
 jjillerton 
 
 N.. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 j 
 
 Alfcat 
 
 ^..Braford 
 
 . 
 
 , 
 
 
 ! 
 
 Alft*ettoni 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 
 Alvclcy. 
 
 ; Scottefdon 
 
 P. Shrewsbury 
 
 21 6 
 
 8 
 
 
 Apley. 
 
 .S, Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 Archdeaconry: 
 
 : Shrewsbury 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 19 o 
 
 o 
 
 
 Ambftfton 
 
 S. Bradford, 
 
 
 
 
 
 Afliford Bowdlcr 
 
 Munflow 
 
 ; 
 
 j 
 
 
 
 Afli magna & paxra 
 
 N. BrAdfbrd' 
 
 
 
 
 
 Afton 
 
 Pusflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 Afton Boterel 
 
 Stot teflon 
 
 It. Stottefflon 
 
 7 ^ 
 
 O a 
 
 
 Afton Church 
 
 S, Bradford 
 
 E. Clu 
 
 a J 5 
 
 4 
 
 ia o o^ 
 
 Afton Eyre 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 Afton Rogers 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 
 Atcham, or ? 
 Attingharo > 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 n 6 
 
 * 
 
 40 o o 
 
 A fl-k**l" l<* 4/ 
 
 < kl'.li' *^7" 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 ij ^ 
 
 
 
 
 Attop 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 
 Anldon 
 
 Munflow 
 
 t 
 
 
 
 
 AvtoH 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 H
 
 8 ff R P S H~l R 
 
 flaw. 
 
 Hatreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valxaffon* 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 Badger, or J 
 Badgcfbre \ 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 R. Wenleck 
 
 * ,*? 4 
 
 $9 o o 
 
 Bag ley 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Barneley 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Barrow 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 Barwick mag. 
 Bafchtirch 
 fiathcoc 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 PimhiH 
 
 Mufiflow 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 10 1$ J 
 
 45 o o 
 
 Battlefield 
 Bay ton 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 StottefHon 
 
 V. Burford 
 
 5 o * i 
 
 37 " o 
 
 Beabridge 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Bechfield 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 Beck bury 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 554 
 
 49 o o 
 
 Beckley 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Bedeflow 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Bedftoi* 
 
 Purflow 
 
 R. Clun 
 
 4*3 4 
 
 27 
 
 Bcefton 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 Belferdine 
 
 Con d over 
 
 
 
 
 Bental 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Berington 
 Berington 
 
 Condover 
 Clun 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 V. Clun 
 
 IO IZ I 
 
 500 
 
 
 Bcrley 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Betfield 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bickcoa 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 BiWas 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Billingfley 
 
 Stottefdon - 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 4 J 5 4 
 
 98 o o 
 
 Birch 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Bifhops-Caftle 
 
 Purflow 
 
 V. Clun 
 
 9 iz ii 
 
 
 Bitterley 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 18 6 $ 
 
 
 Blackoe 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Blackmere 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Bleachley 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Blodwall 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 V. Marches 
 
 7 14 
 
 
 Bolas mag. 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 794? 
 
 
 Boningale 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Borderton 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Boreaton 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 
 
 
 Bafcobel 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Bracemeal 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 R. Pontsbury 
 
 500 
 
 40 o o 
 
 Bradford 
 
 Bradford N. 
 
 
 
 
 Bramcrofc Caftle 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Bramlaw 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 Brampton Brian 
 
 Condover 
 
 R. Clun 
 
 5 ii o 5 
 
 
 Brampton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 X IO 
 
 
 Bratton 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Bridgenorth > 
 S. Margaret 5 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 oo o o 
 
 10 O 
 
 S. Leonard 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 oo o 
 
 20 o o 
 
 U u u u a Bro&oa
 
 708 
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. \ Deaneries. 
 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kingt Books. 
 
 Reat. 
 
 BroQon 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 . -___ 
 
 
 
 
 Bfoadward 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brolhampton, or? 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brandon 3 
 
 Scottefdon 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bromfield 
 
 Munflow 
 
 V, Ludlow 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 Bromley 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bromwich 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brofelcy cum ? 
 Linley 5 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 7 
 
 18 8 I 
 
 
 Broughton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 Brynr.e 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 
 Buckley 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bucknell 
 
 Purflow 
 
 V. Clun 
 
 5 
 
 6 8 
 
 
 Burford, 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 9 
 
 . 
 
 13 4 
 
 
 portio prima 5 
 
 
 
 
 .< 
 
 
 portio fecunda 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 8 
 
 o o 
 
 
 portio tertia 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 8 
 
 13 4 
 
 i 
 
 Burgh 
 
 Bradford N. 
 
 
 
 
 
 Burlington 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 Burrow 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 Burton 
 
 Weulock 
 
 
 
 
 
 Burwarton . 
 
 StottefHon 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 4 
 
 6 8 
 
 36 9 
 
 Bynwefton 
 Cacr-caradoCk 
 
 Chirbury 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cantlop 
 
 Condover 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 
 Cardington, or 7 
 Cardefton S 
 
 Munflow 
 
 V. Wenlock 
 
 6 
 
 a 6 
 
 
 Carlton Caftle 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 Carfon 
 
 Ford 
 
 R. Pontsbury 
 
 3 
 
 O O 
 
 41 9 
 
 Catftrcy 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cai;s- cattle 
 Cnynham 
 Chailcot 
 
 Ford 
 Stottefdon 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Ludlow 
 
 4 
 
 13 4 
 
 40 o o 
 
 Charford 
 
 , Condover 
 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 Cherlton 
 Chelmarfh 
 
 Purflow 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 6 
 
 I* 4 
 
 35 o o- 
 
 Chclive 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 R. Pontsbury 
 
 2 
 
 13 4 
 
 
 Cheriton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 Gheftcrton 
 
 Brnnftry 
 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 Chefwaidine 
 Chetton 
 
 N. Bradford 
 Stotteftlon 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 II 
 
 4) 
 
 
 Chetton Afton 
 Chelwin 
 
 S. Bradford 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 IO 
 
 if 3 1 
 
 Cheyney Longvile 
 Chilton 
 
 Purflow 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 Chipnall 
 Chirbury 
 Church-Strcttoa 
 
 N. Bradford 
 Cfiirbury 
 Munflow 
 
 V. Pontsbury 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 9 
 i> 
 
 6 8 
 
 10 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 Uaverley 
 
 Brimftry. 
 
 .'< 
 
 
 lcbtif
 
 fTRO <P SHIRE. 
 
 P laces. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation* 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Clebury Mortimer 
 
 Stottelcion 
 
 V. Burford 
 
 U: {..<> o 
 
 
 Clee S. Margaret 
 
 Wen lock 
 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 289 
 
 
 Cleeton 
 
 Overs 
 
 
 
 
 Clev 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Clun 
 
 Ciun 
 
 V. Clun 
 
 13 10 5 
 
 
 Clunbury 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Clungonas, or 7 
 Clunganford S 
 
 Purflow 
 
 V. Clun 
 
 15 o o 
 
 
 Clyfton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 592' 
 
 30 3 Q 
 
 Cockfliot 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Cold Wefton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 R, LudloW 
 
 284 
 
 14 oo 
 
 Colemere 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Colmington 
 Cond 
 
 Munflow 
 Condover 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 33 o o 
 
 
 Condover 
 
 Condover 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 
 4 14 2 
 
 40 o 6 
 
 Coreley 
 
 Stotrefdon 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 5 5 i<> 
 
 45 
 
 Corfliam Caftle 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Cofton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Cotton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Coulmere 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Cradley 
 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 200 
 
 
 Crefledg 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 Crofton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Croflemere 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 S. Crofle 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 S Q 
 
 
 Cruckton 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Crugcton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Cnlmerton, or 7 
 Culraington $ 
 
 Munflow 
 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 
 
 18 9 2 
 
 
 Curewyard, or 7 
 Kyrewyard $ 
 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 6 17 8 I 
 
 45 o t 
 
 Darlafton 
 
 N. Braidford 
 
 
 
 
 Dalaley-Caftle 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Day well 
 Deuxill 
 
 Ofweftry 
 Stottefon 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 4 ia 3 
 
 39 o o 
 
 Derington 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Diddlesbury 
 
 Munflow 
 
 V. Lucjlow 
 
 12 I 3 
 
 48 o o 
 
 DiddleftonChappell 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 Stotteftlon . 
 
 <$ 3 3 i 
 
 36 o o 
 
 Dinthill, or Ditton 
 Doddington 
 Dothill 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 S. Bradford 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R, Newport 
 
 13 6 8 
 
 
 Doore, or Dowrel 
 oAbbatis- . J 
 Dowlis 
 
 Stottefdon 
 Stottefdon 
 
 R. Srottefdon 
 R. Burford 
 
 800 
 4 <* 8 
 
 34 17 <? 
 
 Down ton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Dr&ton 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Dray ton in Hales 
 DudmAiton 
 1 4 
 
 N. Bradford 
 Siottefiion 
 
 V. Newport 
 
 ia 10 7 j 
 
 Donningtoa
 
 H R <P S H I R E. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds* 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 Dunnington 
 Dytton Priors 
 
 Brimftry 
 VV r enlock 
 
 
 V. Stottefdorr 
 
 6 2 4 
 
 
 Eardington 
 
 Stottel'don 
 
 
 
 
 Eafthop 
 
 Munflow 
 
 R. Men flock 
 
 5 3 i ob 
 
 30 o 
 
 Eaton 
 
 V\ r enlock 
 
 V. Wcnlock 
 
 $00 
 
 40 o o 
 
 Eaton Mafcot 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 EcclefwcJl 
 
 Ford 
 
 Chap.Stoctefd. 
 
 i 5 3 
 
 o a 
 
 E .dge 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Bdgbaltoh' 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Edgmond 
 
 S, Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 46* 8 icb 
 
 
 dnop 
 
 'Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Egerley 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Ellerton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 EUefraere 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 
 I? [3 lob 
 
 
 Eliiflree 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 EVeof magna 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 
 17 6 8 
 
 45 o 9 
 
 Ercol childs 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Evclin 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Eudon, or Eyton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Eyton upon ~) 
 Wild more 5 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 * 4 9 
 
 I} IO 6 
 
 Farley 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Fclhampton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Felton Butler 
 
 Pinihill 
 
 
 
 
 Well Fclton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 20 12 6 
 
 
 Fenny Mere 
 
 Pimhili 
 
 
 
 
 Fernhill 
 
 Ofwellry 
 
 
 
 
 Fefton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Fitz 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 5 5 10 
 
 45 o o 
 
 Forcf- Church 
 
 Ford 
 
 Stortefdon 
 
 6 15 4 
 
 ^' 
 
 Forten 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 Franckton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Froddefley 
 
 Condover 
 
 R.Shrewsbary 
 
 
 
 Fynon-vair 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Ganrewc 
 
 Cap. H|?. 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 1 TO 
 
 
 Guttaker 
 
 Stotrefdeii 
 
 
 
 
 Gatton 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Goulding 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 Graf ton 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Gram lion 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Green- houfe 
 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 I O O 
 
 
 Grendon Warren 
 
 ;] 
 
 Cap Stottefd. 
 
 a o o 
 
 
 Greet 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 500 
 
 4i 5 ^ 
 
 Gymber 
 Haberley 
 Hadley 
 
 Chirbury 
 Ford 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R. Pontsbury 
 
 15 8 10 ob 
 
 
 
 Hadnall 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Hflghmon 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 MaTfrtn
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 711 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries* 
 
 Valuation- 
 
 
 
 
 King's Bocks. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Halton, orHalgton 
 
 Ofiveftry 
 
 
 
 
 Hanley 
 
 Man flow 
 
 
 
 
 Hanwood Mag. 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 R. Pontsbury 
 
 300 
 
 35 
 
 Hard wick 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Harlfcot 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Harley 
 
 Con d over 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 5 is i 
 
 
 Harnidg grange 
 
 Coodover 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 Hasbury 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Hatton 
 
 Munflbw 
 
 
 
 
 Haughton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Heath 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Helgof, orHoldgod 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Heyiley 
 
 Overs. 
 
 
 
 
 Heythe 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Hawiey,orHugfcley 
 
 Wen lock 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 4 ii 3 
 
 30 o o 
 
 Higley, or Highley 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 5 19 i 
 
 
 HiH 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 HinSocfc 
 
 ! N. Bradford 
 
 R, Newport 
 
 5 16 o i 
 
 49 o o 
 
 Hinton 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Hint* 
 
 Stottefdon- 
 
 
 
 
 Hifknd 
 
 Ofveftry. 
 
 
 
 
 Hobendred 
 
 Clun 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 Hocftow f oreft 
 
 Chirbury ' 
 
 
 
 
 Hodnet 
 
 N^ Bradford 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 ^(i oo 10 
 
 
 Hoi gat 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 13 op , 5> i 
 
 47 o o 
 
 Hollyhurft- 
 
 N Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Home 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Homebridge 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Honington 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Hope Bagot 
 
 Munflow 
 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 5 6 8 
 
 14 o o 
 
 Hope Bowdler 
 
 Mtinflow 
 
 R, Wenlock 
 
 ^ i.3 4 
 
 44 o o 
 
 Hopefey 
 
 Purflow 
 
 R. Clun 
 
 l 12 6 
 
 
 Hopfton 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Hopfon 
 Hopton 
 Hopton Creflet 
 
 N. Bradford 
 Purflow 
 . Stottefdon 
 
 R. Clun 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 500 
 4 15 a i 
 
 40 o <>& 
 
 Hopton Monks 
 Hopton Wafers 
 Hordley 
 
 Wenlocke 
 Stottefdon 
 Pimhill 
 
 R. Burford 
 R, Newport 
 
 5 16" 5 i 
 5 19 a 
 
 49 e o 
 
 Horton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 Houlfton 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Hbundenen 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 - 
 
 
 
 Howgate Ctftle- 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 .- 
 
 
 Howie 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 
 Hungerforcl 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 j 
 
 
 unkingtoa j S. Bradford 
 Hy Iron 1 Stottefdon 
 Ji^aaiton : 1 S. Bradford 
 
 1 
 
 Idihall
 
 S HRQ <P S H IRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries* 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Rooks. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Jdfhall - 
 
 Brtmftry 
 
 V. Newport 
 
 15 6 8 
 
 ' 
 
 Ightfield 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 7 4 3 
 
 
 Inch Mafrch 
 
 Mdnflow 
 
 
 
 
 Ifle 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Kanvar 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 S. Kellum 
 
 Brimftry. 
 
 
 
 
 Kemberton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 5 6 fol 
 
 
 Kempton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Kenley 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 Kenfton 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Kinafton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Kinerfley 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 V. Marches 
 
 6 t 8 
 
 
 Kingftow 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Kingfwood 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Kinlet 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 8 .10 o 
 
 45 * * 
 
 Kinnerton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 *f.*| VT - 
 
 Kinton, or Kniton 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Knift 
 
 
 Cap. Stottefd, 
 
 4 10 o 
 
 27' -o * 
 
 Knighton 
 
 Knockin 
 
 Clun 
 Ofweftry 
 
 R. Marches 
 
 500 
 
 
 Kynefiey 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 6 i 806 
 
 
 Lacon 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Langdon 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 fcf 
 
 
 Langford juxtft ? 
 Newport S 
 
 S. Bradiford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 6 z 8 
 
 ' :^ 
 
 Langely 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 - 
 
 Lanterden 
 
 Mun flow 
 
 
 
 
 Laton 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Lawley 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Leaf on 
 Ledbver 
 Ledwick 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 Chin, 
 Munflow ^ 
 
 d : 
 un 
 
 
 10 -o o..- 
 
 
 Lee 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 ; 
 
 
 A^ww 
 
 Lee Gunery 
 
 Lcighton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 S. "Bradford 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 7 iz 6 
 
 35 o o 
 
 Lidbury 
 
 Purflow 
 
 V. Clun 
 
 13 6 8 
 
 
 Lilihul 
 Linky 
 Llanabotdwell ' 
 Llanamonach 
 Llandboldwell 
 
 S. Bradford 
 Wenlock 
 Ofweftry 
 Ofweftry 
 Ofweftry 
 
 See Brofeley 
 
 R. Marches 
 V. Marches 
 
 ia 15 4 
 7 iz o 
 
 
 Llanevan 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 
 Llanvaice Wa- 7 
 
 Clun 
 
 V. Clun 
 
 ,3 5 4 
 
 
 terden S 
 
 
 
 
 
 Longdon 
 Langford 
 Longnor 
 Long-Stanton 
 
 Ford 
 S. Bradford 
 Shrewsbury 
 Wenlock 
 
 V. Wenlock 
 
 7 po 
 
 , 
 i 
 
 fcong-
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Long Stow 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Lopmgton 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 6 13 i 
 
 38 10 o 
 
 Lowditches 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Ludlow 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 19 iz 6 
 
 
 Luditon 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Luton-hope 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Lutwyche 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Lylemill, or ? 
 Lillcrfhall $ 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 V. Newport 
 
 6 17 n 
 
 
 Lyniel 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Lynley 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Lyddam 
 
 Purflow 
 
 R. Clun 
 
 10 O O 
 
 
 Lythe, or Lytham 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Madeley 
 
 VVenlock 
 
 V. Wenlock 
 
 4 17 ii 
 
 HO O 
 
 Malbrace 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 SeeBraccmeal 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 Mamble 
 
 
 V. Burford 
 
 9211 
 
 2T 2 <C 
 
 Marchomeley 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 3* 5 ** 
 
 Marington 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 * 
 
 
 
 Marloo 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Marfh 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 t 
 
 
 Marton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Marvel 
 
 VVenlock 
 
 
 
 * 
 
 Mainfton, or ? 
 Mind-town 5 
 
 Clun 
 
 R. Clun 
 
 4 13 4 
 
 24 o o 
 
 Measbury 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Mellichap 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Meriton 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Middle 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 iz 7 3o* 
 
 
 Middlehope 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Middleton 
 
 OfWeftry 
 
 ' 
 
 
 
 Middleton-Scriven 
 
 Srottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 468 
 
 29 o o 
 
 Middleton-Priors 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Milborn-Stoke 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 V. Ludlow 
 
 4 13 4 
 
 
 
 Milford 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Milly-Chappel 
 Minfterley 
 Minton 
 
 Wenlock 
 Ford 
 Munflow 
 
 R. Clun 
 
 4 13 4 
 
 
 Mitley 
 
 Vjf \ rrr\n 
 
 N. Bradford 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 XVI] llQil 
 
 Monsford 
 Milfton 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 Cap. Burford 
 
 4 i 8 6 oo 
 See Nyend 
 
 32 o 
 
 nA ft/M* 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 1 VI CX.' I 
 
 Moreton-Corbet 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 539 
 
 41 Q 9 
 
 Moreton Say 
 Morton in Hales 
 
 N. Bradford 
 Ofweftry 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 5 9 40* 
 
 46 o o 
 
 MorviH 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 A^LUckall 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 
 
 
 Muckton 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 V .. 
 
 
 HT 1_
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds- 
 
 Deaneries.- 
 
 1 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King'fi "Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Monk-wefton 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Munflow 
 
 Munflow 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 21 15 2 ob 
 
 
 Muxen 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 [ 
 
 
 Mylfton 
 
 Overs 
 
 
 
 
 Nafh 
 
 Overs 
 
 
 
 
 Neen-Savage 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 6-0 o 
 
 
 Nenc-Sollars 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 13 9 906 
 
 
 Nefliam 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 
 
 
 Nefle-Clift 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Nefle Magna, or? 
 Neftrange 5 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 900 
 
 
 Netley 
 
 Comlover 
 
 
 
 
 Newcaftle 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Newnham 
 
 ;Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Newport 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Neuton 
 
 Britoftry 
 
 
 
 
 Nobould 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Norton 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 5 9 4 
 
 
 Ntmneley 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 Nyenden Sallars ~> 
 cum cap. Myl- 9- 
 
 
 
 V. Burford 
 
 13 9 906 
 
 : 
 ' 
 
 fton ' 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kyend Savage 
 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 6 o 
 
 
 Oakes 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 Ocklyer 
 
 
 Cap. Stottefd. 
 
 2,0 
 
 
 Oken-yate 
 
 S. Bradbury 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 Oldbury 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Oldbury,orWobury 
 Oldington 
 Onibury 
 Onflow 
 
 Stottefdon 
 Brimftry 
 Munflow 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 50 o 
 
 817 8 ob 
 
 45 o o 
 
 Orlton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 V. Marches 
 
 23 15 6 
 
 
 Otlcy 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Overton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 Oxdean 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 , 
 
 Painton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Pel fton 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Petton or Pel ton 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 3 4 a 
 
 30 o 
 
 Philip Ruffe 
 Pitch ford 
 
 Condover 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 R. Shrewsbury 
 
 O 12 I 
 
 * 5 5 
 
 39 o o 
 
 Pickleftock 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Place-dinas 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 Pleley 
 Plowden,orPloyd e n 
 
 Ford 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 i 
 
 Towdcrbach, or ~> 
 Church-Pul- ^ 
 
 Condover 
 
 R. Pontsbury 
 
 10 13 4 
 
 - 
 
 vcrb.ich 3 
 
 H 
 
 
 
 IVinfchnr*
 
 7* * 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds* 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 1 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 [Real. 
 
 Ci. port. 
 
 Ford 
 
 R> Cp C 
 
 17 13 4 
 
 
 Pontsbury42. port. 
 C. z. port. 
 
 Ford 
 Ford 
 
 R] bury 
 
 J 7 13 4 
 8 10 o 
 
 
 Porkington 
 Prees 
 
 Ofweftry 
 N. Bradford 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 IO 
 
 
 Prefect ^ 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Prefthope 
 
 Wenlocke 
 
 
 
 
 Prefton fiiper ? 
 Wildmore $ 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 Cap. Newport 
 
 300 
 
 25 o o 
 
 priors-iee 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Prifwefton 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 Pulley 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 Purflow 
 
 Pufflow 
 
 
 
 
 Quat 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 14 4 10 
 
 
 Quatford 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 
 9 T^ 
 
 
 Ratlinghope 
 
 Purflow 
 
 Ecel.Pontsbu. 
 
 368 
 
 
 Redcaftle 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 Rednall 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Rocadyne 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 " 
 
 
 Roddington 
 Down-Ronal 
 
 S. Bradford 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 6 13 4 
 
 45 o 9 
 
 TJp-Roflal 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Rown-datton 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Row ton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Ruflibufly 
 
 Munflow 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 19 7 8 ob 
 
 
 Ryelth 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Ryfton 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ryton 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 5 12 i 
 
 
 Ryton 
 Sambrooke 
 
 Ofweftry 
 N. Bradford 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 
 5 l8 I ob 
 
 31 o o 
 
 Sandford 
 
 N,, Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Sarcnsfield, or 7 
 Sarenfliill 5 
 
 
 -Cap.Stottefdo. 
 
 5 6 8 
 
 31 o o 
 
 Scute 
 
 
 Eccl Stottefd. 
 
 2 'O O 
 
 
 Sedulbury 
 Seffeton 
 
 Munflow 
 Munflow 
 
 V. Ludlow. Se 
 
 e Diddlebury 
 
 
 Sclattin 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 R. Marches 
 
 ,9 7 
 
 
 Sellev 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 I^WUWV 
 
 Shadbury 
 Shavington 
 
 N. Bradford 
 N. Bradford 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 
 7 I 5 ob 
 
 46 o o 
 
 Shefnall 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 See Idfliall 
 
 
 
 Shel'derton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Shelve 
 
 Purflow 
 
 R.Pontsbury 
 
 2 13 4 
 
 15 10 o 
 
 Shelfeywalh gildon 
 Sheinton 
 
 * Stottefdon 
 
 R. Burford 
 R.Shrewsbury^ 
 
 3 8 9 
 691 
 
 30 16 I 
 
 Sheve 
 
 Cbirbury 
 
 
 
 
 Shenton 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 692 
 
 
 Shipley 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 X X X X 2 
 
 
 Shorten
 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds* 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 
 Real. 
 
 Shorten 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Shrawardine, or? 
 Scrawarden 5 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 R, Pontsbury 
 
 9 
 
 iz 6 
 
 35 
 
 o o 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 Shrewsbury." 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sidbury j 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Silvington 
 
 Overs 
 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 3 
 
 6 8 
 
 28 
 
 
 
 Skiborra 
 
 Clnn 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Slcape 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Smethcot 
 
 Condovcr 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 4 
 
 9 a 
 
 44 
 
 
 
 Sowton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Spoonbill 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 *-' /i 
 
 
 
 Spoonlcy . 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 *_.**. - 
 
 
 
 Stanton 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 5 
 
 10 1C 
 
 32 
 
 o o 
 
 Stanton Clee 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Stanton Lacy 
 
 Munflow 
 
 V. Ludlow 
 
 16 
 
 o o 
 
 
 
 Stanton Long 
 
 Wenlockc 
 
 V. Wenlock 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 O 
 
 Stanwardine 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Stenton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 <i 
 
 
 
 Stepleton 
 
 Condover 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 6 
 
 7 6 
 
 
 
 Stich 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Stit 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Stocket 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Stockton, cum ca-7 
 pella BoninghallS 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 13 
 
 ii 3 
 
 
 
 Stockton 
 
 
 R. Burford 
 
 5 
 
 13 ii I 
 
 47 
 
 2 6 
 
 Stoke- Milburgh 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 V. Ludlow 
 
 6 
 
 13 4 
 
 
 
 Stoke-fiel'd 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Stoke-Say 
 
 Munflow 
 
 V. Ludlow 
 
 4 
 
 13 4 
 
 40 
 
 O 
 
 Stoke upon Tern 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 20 
 
 o o 
 
 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 V. Stottefdon 
 
 IJ 
 
 10 IO 
 
 
 
 Stow 
 
 Purflow 
 
 V. Clun 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 Stratford 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 *>' 
 
 
 
 Strechley 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 6 
 
 5 -io 
 
 34 
 
 
 
 Streford 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 All Stretton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Church-Stretton 
 
 Mnnflow 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 15 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 Stretrons 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Studley 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sughton 
 Sudbury 
 Sutton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 Ofweftry 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 Eccl. Stottef. 
 
 4 
 3 
 
 i? 8 I 
 
 O 
 
 44 
 30 
 
 O 
 
 
 Sutton-Maddock 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 
 5 
 
 o o 
 
 3* 
 
 O 
 
 Sutton parva 
 
 Mnnflow 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Swancot 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Swiney 
 Tafley 
 
 Ofwcft/y 
 Wenlock 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 5 
 
 6 8 
 
 3i 
 
 
 
 Tackhill 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Tcdeitone-wafre 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 Cap. Stottefd. 
 
 i 
 
 10 o 
 

 
 SHROPSHIRE. 
 
 717 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundredf. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Ecoks. 
 
 Real. 
 
 S. Tcrracins 
 
 
 Cap.Stottefdo. 
 
 i 6 8 
 
 
 Tetfliul, or Tafliole 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Tibberton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Tollerton o a 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Tonge 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Trefwen 
 
 Clun 
 
 
 
 
 Tugford 
 
 Munflow 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 
 
 Uckington 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Venington 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Uppington 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Upton Mag. 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 ia o o 
 
 
 Upton Parva 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 3 '7 3 
 
 21 O O 
 
 Upton Waters 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Wadelton 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Wai cot 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Wallop 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Walton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Walton 
 
 Wenlocke 
 
 
 
 
 Watlesborough' 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Watlingftrect 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Wellington 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 
 9 5 o 
 
 
 Wem 
 
 N. Branford 
 
 R. Newport 
 
 atf 4 4 i 
 
 
 Wenlock mag. 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 V. Wenlock 
 
 ia 9 7 
 
 45 o o 
 
 Wenlock parva 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 ii 13 4 
 
 
 Wentnor 
 
 Purflow 
 
 R. Clun 
 
 7 in 
 
 
 Woftbu ly Upg 
 
 Fofd 
 
 CPontsbury 
 ^Pontsbury 
 
 13 9 4 1 
 
 II 12 8 J 
 
 
 Wefthope 
 
 Munflow 
 
 
 
 
 Weftley 
 
 Condbver 
 
 
 
 
 Wefton 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 Wet hi ton 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Whelbeck 
 
 Condover 
 
 
 
 
 Whettle.orWhethill 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 R. Stottefdon 
 
 7 5 7"6 
 
 
 Whichcot Chapel 
 
 Overs 
 
 
 
 
 Whitbach 
 Whitchurch 
 
 Purflow 
 N. Bradford 
 
 R.Shrewsbury 
 
 44 ii 8 
 
 
 Whitcot 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 White Abbey 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Whitley 
 Whtttington 
 
 Shrewsbury 
 Ofweftry 
 
 R. Marches 
 
 25 4 o 
 
 
 Whittinilaw 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 VVhitton 
 
 Overs 
 
 
 
 
 Wicken 
 
 Brimftrey 
 
 
 
 
 Wigmore 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Wyke 
 
 Wenlock 
 
 
 
 
 Wilcot 
 
 Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Willafton magna 
 Willy 
 
 Ford 
 Wenlock 
 
 R. Wenlock 
 
 5 * 
 
 44 o o 
 Wilming-
 
 718 
 
 SHROPSHIRE: 
 
 ___ --.-. - . . 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundred}, 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation, 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Wilmington 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 
 Winsbury 
 
 Chirbury 
 
 
 
 
 Winfcot 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 o 
 
 
 Winftanton 
 
 Purflow 
 
 R. Ludlow 
 
 1800 
 
 
 Withiford Mag. 7 
 
 N. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 & parva $ 
 
 
 
 
 
 "Wobery 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 
 
 
 Wolfton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 Eccl.Wenloc. 
 
 a 13 4 
 
 15 o o 
 
 Wolftanran 
 
 Purflow 
 
 
 
 
 Wondall 
 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 \Vood batch 
 
 Aliinflow 
 
 
 % 
 
 
 Wooded 
 
 S. Bradford 
 
 
 
 
 Worley 
 Worthen 
 Worvill , 
 
 Brimftry 
 Chirbury 
 Brimftry 
 
 R. Pontsbury 
 V. Newport 
 
 28 14 7 
 
 16 14 10 
 
 
 Wotton 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Wren mail 
 
 Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Wullerton 
 Wrockerdine 
 Wroxeter 
 
 N. Bradford 
 S. Bradford 
 S. Bradford 
 
 V. Shrewsbury 
 V.Shrewsbury 
 
 7 8 6 
 II 8 I ob 
 
 49 o o 
 49 o o 
 
 Wytton 
 Yealey 
 
 Ford 
 Brimftry 
 
 
 
 
 Yearnwodd 
 
 Stottefdon 
 
 
 
 
 Yerfon 
 
 Ofweftry 
 
 
 
 
 Yeaton Pimhill 
 
 
 
 
 Yockleton Ford 
 
 
 
 
 Yorkton | Shrewsbury 
 
 

 
 720 
 
 Somerfetfliire. 
 
 HIS County oSomerfet t cal- 
 led by the Saxons 8>imur-- 
 rearcjpe (as the Inhabitants 
 were called Sumupret; ;; r, 
 Sumopr.vre, and ^S'>m*prr*t,<j-) 
 
 ftill retains the Name of SomerfetJIiire. 
 Some will have the Name taken from 
 the continual Summer-like Temper of 
 the Air, which is warm and pleafant ; 
 in which Refpeft it is that the Welch 
 call it in their Language Glad-arhaf; but 
 tho' in the Summer Time this County 
 anfwers that Charafter fully, yet in 
 Winter, tho' it be not fo cold as fome 
 others, yet it wants not its Winter-like 
 Qualities, being moift, wet, marfhy, 
 and in the Roads extreamly dirty ; 
 from whence it is that they have this 
 Proverb among them, Bad for the Rider y 
 but good for the Abldev. But Ety mologifts 
 feem to have gone much out of the 
 Way for a Derivation of the Name, 
 fmce we have one fo obvious iri this 
 County, and common in others, viz. 
 the Town of Somerton, formerly the 
 chicfclt and moll celebrated Town in 
 the County, tho* now ecclipfed by 
 Bath, Welts* Bridgviater, &c. which is 
 rendrcd the more profitable, becaufe 
 Jlffer* a very ancient EngHJb Hiitorian, 
 calls it, every where in his Writings, 
 the County of Smnertun. 
 
 This Cctnty is properly Maritime, 
 bordering all of it in- a crooked Lii.c 
 
 upon Part of the Irijb Sea, commonly 
 called the Br'ijlol Channel, which encom- 
 pafleth it on the North, the Inland 
 Parts being bounded on the North-Eaft 
 by Part of Ghee (lerfi ire, on the Eaft by 
 Wiltjh;re, on the South by Dorfetfhire, and 
 on the Weft by Devonjhiret It is a County 
 of a large Extent, being fifty-five Miles 
 in Length from Eaft to Weft, and forty- 
 two Miles from North to South, which 
 makes the Circumference to be two 
 hundred and four Miles, within which 
 Dimenfipns are thirty Market-Towns, 
 385 Pariihes, 1,075,000 Acres pf Land, 
 and 44, 686 Houfes. 
 
 Mr. Cambden placeth this County in 
 his Britannia, under the Name of the 
 Belg&, in the Times of the Britain;, 
 yet with Tome Hefitancy, becaufe Taci- 
 tus lib- 12. cap. 32. relating Oftorlus's 
 Vi Series in the Reign of Claudius, men- 
 tions the Lent and Cangl y as- fubdued by 
 him, the later of which he fays had 
 their Abode hereabouts, at a little Di- 
 ftance from the Irijb Seas. From hence 
 our learned Antiquary conje&ures, that 
 the Cangi, a fmall People, might be 
 comprehended under the Belg*, which 
 he thinks the more probable, becaufe 
 he finds fome Towns bearing fome Foot- 
 fteps of their Name, as Cannington, Ca- 
 mn^s, Wincanton, (fbmetimes called in 
 ancient Records Cangton} and Canefham, 
 which he fays fignifies the Manfion of 
 the Cangl ; but y^et not daring positively 
 
 to
 
 S M E R SEfSHlRE. 
 
 to aflert it, he adds, that he will en- 
 deavour further to trace them out, 
 and hopes to find them featedelfcwhere, 
 
 be the Sea, which Tadttti fays, looks 
 towards Ireland, near which the Cangi 
 lived ; and then the Avon, called Anto- 
 
 iz.. in Chefoire, where yet he leaves us no. by Tacitus, on which OJloritts had, be- 
 in Uncertainties. fore the Rebellion of the Britain*, made 
 
 But what Mr. Cambden left undeter- feveral Garrifons, will very well anfwer 
 mined, Ibme of our modern Antiqua- 
 f ics, of whom Dr. Tanner, Chancellor 
 of Norwich, who has made great Search 
 into the Antiquities of thcfe Parts, is 
 the Chief, feem to have fully fettled, 
 by aflerting, that all this County, and 
 
 to the River Tacitus fpeaks of 
 
 When the Saxons had fettled them- 
 felves in 'Britain, which they divi- 
 ded into feven Kingdoms, this Shire 
 became Subjcft to the Weft Saxon Kings, 
 who began to reign in the Year of 
 
 the Northern Part of Wiltjhire, may Chrift 519, , and ended Anno 1066, after 
 fairly be allotted to the Habitation of they had fubdued the other fix King- 
 the Cangi mentioned by Tacitus, for doms, and eftablimed themfelves in i 
 thefe Reafons: I. The whole Courfe of Monarchy under King Egbert, about the 
 Ojlorius's March fecms to convince us, Year of Chrill 800, which they held 
 that the Cangi lived in this Part of the (faving iome little Interval, in which 
 
 the three Danijlj Monarchs governed) 
 till the Conqueror fubdued their King- 
 dom under his Power. Among thofe 
 Kings that governed the Weft Saxons, 
 
 i. e. South-Wain ', and from thence went we find nothing memorable relating to 
 
 this County, but what is recorded of 
 King Ina, \vho began his Reign Ann* 
 688. viz- That he built at Wells a Col- 
 lege dedicated to God and the Apoltle 
 
 Ifland, becaufc when that General had 
 fubdued them, and fettled a Colony at 
 Camalodttnum, i. e. Camalet in this Coun- 
 ty, he marched to fubdue the Silvres, 
 
 on to the Ordovices, i. e. North-Wales, 
 which, fince he might do without har- 
 rafling his Soldiers, it ought not to be 
 fuppofed that he marched ary other 
 
 way thither, a. Lip/itts's Car je&ure of St. Andrew, which afterward his Sue- 
 Reading inftcad of the Cemmagni of ceflbr King Kenulph turned_into an E- 
 Cangi, 
 
 Iceni Cangi, confirms this O- 
 pinion ; for, if that be allowed, then 
 from Ctfar's own Words, thofe Iceni 
 and Cangi muft be placed in the South 
 Parts of Britain, near the Bibroci in 
 
 pifcopal See, and built the famous Ab- 
 bey of Glaftonbury, which he dedicated 
 to Chrift and his Apoftles, St. Peter And 
 St. Paul 
 
 Under the Weft-Saxon Monarchs, who 
 
 Barkfiire, and the Segontlaci in Hampfiire, governed from King Egbert, this County 
 fo tl-.at the Situation of the Cangi will was fubjefl: to certain Officiary Earls, 
 in all Probability fall to be in Somer- who had a Power of determining Con- 
 fetjhire and Ncrth-WiltJbire. 3. The Me- troverfies of Right and Wrong, and 
 mory of thofe People prefcrved in fcve- punifhing Malefactors within their Ju- 
 ra 1 Places in North-Wiltfiire, as the rifdilion. The firft Earl of this kind 
 Hundreds of Canings, and Allanningi, over this Shire, that in our Hiftories 
 i. e. the Old Canings, and the ancient we find Mention of, is 
 Town of Caitn, (of which we ceafe Hun, who being at the Battle of EJ- 
 now to fpeak) thofe Places in this Shire, lenden, between Egbert King of the Wejl- 
 which are mentioned by Cambden, as Saxons, and Beornulf King of Mertla, 
 
 Canington, Wincanton and Canjham, feem 
 fully to prove that this County was all 
 or raoft of it the Seat of the Cangi, be 
 
 who envying the growing Greatnefs of 
 the former, fought to keep him by 
 Force in his own Bounds, but wrought 
 
 caufe they lie upon the utmoft Borders his Ruin by it, looting not only the 
 
 of the County, Eaft, Weft and North, Vi&ory to Egbert, but his Kingdom. 
 
 which may imply that they overfpread 
 
 the whole County. -4 The Severn or 
 
 Er.fol Channel, 
 
 Hun attended his Sovereign in this 
 Battle, and was flain Anno 823. His 
 may probably enough Body was buried at Wtnchejter. 
 
 Y y y y Earvulf,
 
 SO M E R 
 
 S E 
 
 him 
 
 722 
 
 Earnulf, or Enivolfe, fucceeded 
 in this Earldom, but whether he was 
 the Son of Hun, and fo had an Heredi- 
 tary Title ; or whether he was confti- 
 tuted by King EtMwolf, we do not 
 know certainly, though we fuppofe this 
 laft. This Earl heading the Men of 
 Somerset, and being joined wirh Adeljlan, 
 Bifhop of Slirborne, and Ofric Earl of 
 Dorfetjhire, made a brave Opposition to 
 the invading Danes, whom they fu- 
 rioufly fct upon at the River's Mouth 
 of Pedridan, and flanghtcring them in 
 great Numbers, obtained fuch a Signal 
 Vi&ory over them, that the Danes, who 
 had before troubled the Nation with 
 Invafions every Year almoft, were lb 
 difcouraged from the like Attempts, 
 that we hear no more of them for fix 
 Tears. 
 
 While the Kingdom was in this quiet 
 Condition, Etbelwolfe, who had been e- 
 ducated under Swithin, the famous 
 Monk of his Time, and was elefred 
 IBifhop of Winchejier, but after Egbert his 
 father's Death, over perfwaded to be- 
 come their King by his People, calling 
 to mind his EcclcSiaftick Profcffion, 
 took upon him a troubleSbme Journey 
 to Rome in great Devotion, where he 
 was. both honourably received and en- 
 terraincd a whole Year, and in a grate- 
 ful Senfc of their Refpeft to him, re- 
 built the Englijb School, built by King 
 Offa, which had been lately burnt, con- 
 firmed the Grant of Peter-pence granted 
 by the lame King, and covenant- 
 ed to pay yearly an hundred Marks to 
 St. Peter's Church, another Hundred to 
 St. Pail's Light, and a third to the 
 Pope, who had confecrated his Son Al- 
 fr.fi, whom he brought with him to 
 Rene for his SucceSTor. In his Return 
 he went through France, and being then 
 a Widower, married there Judith, the 
 iroft beautiful Daughter of the Empe- 
 rcur, Charles the Bald. Thefe Things 
 begat great Difconrents at home, both 
 in his own Family and among the No- 
 bility. His eldcft Son Etbelbald was an- 
 pry, that he was deprived of the Suc- 
 ctflicn, and his younger Brother inau- 
 5 
 
 S H I R E. 
 
 gurated ; and the Nobility Complained, 
 that he had, contrary to the Cuilom of 
 the Nation, taken an Outlandifli Wife 
 without their Confent ; whereupon the 
 Prince EthelbalJ, Earnulf the Earl of 
 this County, Adeljlan Bifhop of Shirburn, 
 with divers other Bifhops and Nobles, 
 entered into a Confpiracy to take up 
 Arms and depoSe him. It was thought 
 that a Civil War was now unavoida- 
 ble ; but the King abhorring Bloodshed, 
 and knowing the evil Tendency of fuch 
 national Jars, after many Conferences 
 tending to Peace, condcfccnded to di- 
 vide the Kingdom between himfelf and 
 Son, which, when it was done, tho* 
 the King found that the worft Part by 
 far was afligncd to him, yet rather than 
 create any Disturbance to his People, 
 fat down contented with it, tho' his 
 Friends laboured to perfwade him to 
 recover his Right by Force. He lived 
 not long after this, but dying in 857, 
 left his whole Kingdom to EtMbald* 
 After this Earl we find no SucceSTor in 
 this Earldom for feveral Years, viz^ 
 till 
 
 Swane^ the eldeft Son of Godwin Earl 
 of Kent, is faid to be Earl of Somerfet, 
 Oxford, Gkcejler, Hereford and Barkjlrire. 
 He being a Perron of a turbulent Tem- 
 per, and wicked Difpofition, which he 
 fhewed, by inveigling Edgiva, Abbefs of 
 Leominjler, to marry him ; and mur- 
 dering his Kinfman Beortje, Son of the 
 King of Denmark, under a Pretence of 
 Love and Friendfhip, was for that in- 
 human Faft forced to fly info Flanders, 
 to avoid a juft Punimment, and conti- 
 nued there till Aldred, Bimop of Win- 
 chejler, got his Pardon of the King. 
 But after this he could not be quiet; 
 for not long after he joined with his 
 Father Godwin in an Infurre&ion in 
 1051, which being fupprcfled, he fled 
 again into Flanders, and being there 
 touched with Remorfe for the Murder 
 of Prince Beorn, he fubmittcd to this 
 Penance, viz* to go to Jerufalem bare- 
 footed ; which while he was perform- 
 ing, he catchcd fb much Cold, that he 
 died at Licit in his Return home. The 
 
 Ca-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 723 
 
 Conqueror. foon after invaded England^ after this Manner into the Conqueror's 
 and by his Success changed the Scene Power, was, upon his Settlement on 
 of Affairs, depriving the Saxon Nobi- the Throne, thus bcftowed uoon his 
 lity both of their Honours and Eftates, 
 and placing his Normans in their 
 
 the Throne, thus bellowed upon his 
 great Captains, who had afliftcd him 
 in that hazardous Enterprise with Men, 
 and Money, viz. 
 
 Rooms. 
 
 This County of Somerfet being come 
 
 Sir William Mohun> an expert Commander in the Conqueror's Ar- 1 
 my, who had in his Retinue no Ids than forty-feven ftouti 
 Knights, of Note for their Valour, obtained for his Service, 
 
 befides the Caftle of Dunfter ; , 
 
 Roger de Arundel, another of his Captains had , 
 
 Hugh tie Abrincis 
 
 William Earl of Ewe 
 
 Ralph de Mortimer in this County, and Wtltfotn by it 
 
 Edward ce Saresbury, the Son of Walter Earl of Rofmar 
 
 Baldwin de Brionis, called Vicecomes 
 Ralph de Limefe 
 Robert Fitzgerald 
 Ralph de Portierai 
 
 6 1 Lord- 
 * fliips. 
 
 28 
 
 4 
 
 7 
 II 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 7 
 I 
 
 In the Beginning of the- Year 1537, 
 aoH<?. 8. Certain Commiflloners being 
 fent into this County to take up Corn, 
 the People began to make 'an Infurrec- 
 tion, but by the Wifdom and Diligence 
 of a'young Gentleman named Mr. Pau- 
 Jet, and fome other, it was fupprefled, 
 and the Leaders in it, to the Number of 
 threefcore, were apprehended and con- 
 demned, and fourteen of them were 
 hanged and quartered, one of the 
 Number being a Woman, but the reft 
 were faved by the King's merciful Par- 
 don. . 
 
 Anno 1 549, 3 Edw* VI. The King by 
 the Advice of his Uncle Edward Earl of 
 Somerfet Lord Protestor, and the reft of 
 his Council, put out a Proclamation a- 
 gainft the Inclofures lately made by 
 certain great Men, who had taken in 
 fuch Commons and Fields as were wont 
 to lie open, and turned them into Pa- . 
 ftures and Parks, fgr their own Ufc 
 and Benefit, to the great Hindrance, 
 and almoft undoing ofmany poor Men ; 
 ordering all fuch as kad thus inclofed 
 any Commons, to lay them open again 
 by a Day afligned, under certain Pe- 
 nalties. The good Intent of this Pro- 
 clamation was not regarded generally, 
 
 for very few obeyed it ; whereupon the 
 poor People thinking that they fliould 
 be bore out by the Proclamation, rofe 
 in many Places in a tumultuous Manner, 
 to break down the Inclofures, and par- 
 ticularly in this County, broke down 
 the Fences of the Parks of Sir William 
 Herbert and the Lord Stourton ; but Sir 
 William Herbert having the King's Com- 
 miflion granted him, gathered a good 
 Body of Men, and going againft them, 
 flew a great Number of them, and fo 
 quelled the Difturbances in thisCounry ; 
 but by Means of divers Popifli Prieits, 
 and other difaffc&ed Gentry, who en- 
 deavoured the Reftitution of their old 
 Religion, the Tumults continued longer 
 in Levonfoire and Cornwall. 
 
 Anno 1633. In the Sabbatarian Con- 
 troverfy, this Shire \vas the Stage where 
 the fierceft Scene was atted. Here 
 Wakes, with Church-ales, Bid ales, and 
 Clerk-ales, ' were kept on the Lord's 
 Day, which the Gentry obfcrvin-g-to be 
 the Caufes of many Mifdcmeanours, 
 importuned the Lord Chief Juftice, and 
 Baron Denbam, the Judges of the Lent 
 Aflizes in this Weftern Circuit, to make 
 a levere Order for fupprefling them, 
 which the Lord Chief Juftice Popb.utt 
 Y y y y z had
 
 7 24 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 had done before in Q^ Elizabeth's Reign. 
 The Judges readily complied with thefe 
 Defires, of the Gentry, and having 
 jiiade an Order for that End, command- 
 ed the Conftahles to deliver it to the 
 Minifter of every Parifh, to publifh it 
 three feveral Sundays before Eajler. The 
 Archbifliop looked upon this Aft of the 
 Judges an Ufurpatkm upon his, Ecclefi- 
 aftical JurifdicHon, and caufcd the 
 Chief Jufticc to revoke ir, and loon af- 
 ter came out the King's Declaration 
 for the Ufe of Sports upon the Lord's 
 Day, both which were laid to the Arch- 
 fcifhop's Charge at his Trial, with Ag- 
 gravations, B*c. 
 
 Soon after the Civil Wars between 
 King King Charles I. and the Long Par- 
 liament began, the Marquis of Hartford, 
 afterwards created Duke of Somerfet, 
 was fent into this County to raife For- 
 ces for the King, who had great Hopes 
 of a good Body of Men from thence, 
 becaufe the Marquis had a powerful 
 lutereft there. He came firft to Batb, 
 and found the Gentry, who were then 
 met at the Aflfi7.cs well affe&ed to the 
 King. With them he confulted about 
 his Ma jetty's Affairs, and by. their Ad- 
 vice proceeded to Wells, (though Ibme 
 thought it would be better to go to Rri- 
 
 y?o/) to raife Forces there; but the dif- 
 affe&ed Party giving out, that the 
 Marquis was come among them to put 
 the Commiflton of Array in Execution, 
 fo the Yeomanry fliould lofe their E- 
 ftates, fo alienated the Hearts of the 
 People from him in general, that uni- 
 ting under Sir John Homer and Alexander 
 Popham, Efq: they befieged Wells, and 
 drove the Marquis to Slerlurn Cajtle y . 
 with fbme Troops of Horfc raifed by 
 John D/gy, the Earl of Bn/?o/'s Son, Sir 
 Francis Htwley and Sir Ralph Hopton, and 
 about an hundred Foot gathered and led 
 by Col. Lunsford', but he had not been 
 long there, before the Earl of Betfurdy 
 Mr, Hollis, Sir Walter Eart, and Major 
 General Effex, came with a Body, of 
 feven rhoufand Foot, and eight compleat 
 Troops of Horfe, and befteged htm in 
 the Cattle. Having thus given fome- 
 Account of this County in general, .we 
 fhall proceed to our literary Hiftory 
 of it. 
 
 This County for the more regular 
 Manner of managing the Civil Govern- 
 ment, is divided into forty-two fmall 
 Hundreds, (under which we fhall de- 
 fcribe feveral Towns and Village's, of it) 
 which are thefe i 
 
 Abdicfc 
 
 Anderficld 
 
 Barwicke 
 
 Bathforcn 
 
 Ucdminfter 
 
 Brempflon 
 
 'Brent 
 
 Bnuon 
 
 Cannington 
 Carhamptoa. 
 
 Cattefliaife 
 
 Chew 
 
 Chcwton 
 
 Cokcr 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 Fro me 
 
 Glafton 
 
 Horcthorn 
 
 Mundsborough 
 
 Hnntfpill 
 
 Keinfhani 
 
 Kilmerfdon- 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 Marrock 
 
 Milverton 
 
 North Curry 
 
 North Petherton 
 
 Norton 
 
 Pitney 
 
 Portbury 
 
 Somcrton 
 
 South Petherton 
 
 Stone 
 
 Taunton 
 
 Tintinhiil 
 
 Wellow 
 
 Wells, and 
 
 Whifton 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 Willeton, and 
 
 Frec-maunor 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 \ The Hundred of A B D i c K, or 
 ABBRDYKE. 
 
 Taunton and ICinf>ury ; on the Weft, 
 with Part of the faid Hundred of Taun- 
 ton and North Curry ; and on the North, 
 with the Hundreds of Somerton and J5/- 
 Jton. The Fee of this Hundred, in the 
 20 Rich II. was the Eftate of William 
 
 Thss Hundred lies in fhe Southern 
 Tart of this County, indofed on the Eait 
 
 vith- the Hundred of South Petherton; Montacute, Earl of Salrstxry, who left it 
 
 n the South,, tfith the Hundreds of with his other.Eftates to John deMmtacute^ 
 
 J. Jii*.
 
 S M E R S E T S ff IR E. 
 
 72-5 
 
 his Brother's Son ; but this Earl being 
 declared a Traitor by Parliament, 2 
 Hen. IV. becaufe he had ftired up Re- 
 bellion to reftore King Richard II. all 
 his Lands, Goods and Chattels, became 
 forfeited to that King, who gave this 
 Hundred, and fome other Eftates, late 
 belonging to John Earl of Salisbury, to 
 John de Beaufort Marquis of fiorfet and 
 Somerfet, who dying poflelTed of them, 
 left them to his Son Henry, with his Ho- 
 nour, and his Pofterity ; but in whom it 
 now is, we do not know. The Towns 
 and Villages of this Hundred arc 
 
 Hminfter, a Market-Town, fituate on 
 the River - - - - whofe Market is 
 weekly on Saturday, and Fair on 
 
 This Church (which is a fair 
 Building>is defervcdly of Note, for the 
 ftarely Monument of Nich .las Wadham, 
 Efq; and Dorothy his Wife, Daughter of 
 Secretary ,. and Sifter of the firft Lord 
 Peters , the Gofoundcrs of Wadham Col- 
 lege in Oxford. 
 
 John Tarlton, M. A. ' was :h the late 
 Troubles Vicar of this Town, and be- 
 ing zcaloufly loyal, fuiFered very fe- 
 verely for it. The Sequeftration was 
 the firft Thing begun with him as with 
 other Clergymen, and then more than 
 ufual Barbarities followed. He was 
 turned out of Doors with his Wife and 
 four Children, and was forced that 
 Night to- lie in the Shambles, except 
 one Child that was fick, which an Inn- 
 keeper lodged ; his Gocds and Books 
 were plundered, and himfelf being fet on 
 an Horfe's bare Ba-ck dragged to Prifon, 
 where- he had perifhed, had not God 
 wonderfully preferved his Life, for all 
 the Prifoncrs died of a contageous Di- 
 fteniper, except himfelf and another 
 Divine. Having got his Liberty, he was 
 again had before the Committee for 
 Chriftening his Son by the Name of 
 Charles, by the Common Prayer, but 
 eame oft" at that Time with a Check 
 only. Afterward he and eleven more 
 Clergymen were feiz-ed, and being car- 
 ried down to Weymoutby were fhipped to 
 be carried Pri Toners to London. Being 
 on Bxjardy they were thruft .down into 
 
 the Hold, and for want of Air, or with 
 Naftjnefs ftifled, tho* Tome faid they 
 were pojfoned, for all died but Mr. 
 Tarlton and another, who was very iH, 
 and loft his Nails, &c. How Mr. Tarl- 
 ton was dealt with at London, we know 
 not. The Villages are 
 
 Crokham, a fmall Village, famous only 
 for the learned Minifter of it, Mr. Ed- 
 ward Ksllet, a Canon Residentiary of 
 Exeter. He hath feveral Writings ex- 
 tanr, which are Evidences of his Learn- 
 ing, as Mifcellanies in Divinity, in three 
 Books, Chrift's threefold Supper, and 
 divers Sermons, among which one is 
 entitled, A Return from Argiert, being 
 preached at Minhsad in this County ift 
 1 6:. 7, at the Re-admifiion of a Perfon 
 'into our Church, who had relapfed to 
 Mahometamfm in Arciers. Mr. A. Wood 
 tells us he was a SuftereT in the rebel- 
 lious Times, which began in 1642, but 
 from what Evidence, we find not. 
 
 Curry, or Cory. Mallet, which laft 
 Name was added for Diftin&ion from 
 the Mallets^ who were anciently Lords 
 of it ; for William .Malet, the Great 
 Grandfon of William Mattst, who came 
 into England with the Conqueror, and 
 was then called Princeps, held this Ma- 
 nor of Curl, with divers other Eftates 
 in this County, of K. Richard I. Reg. 7. 
 by the Service of twenty Knights Fees; 
 and afterward 5 J-oh. rcMding in this 
 Town, gave an hundred Shillings to the 
 King to proceed in Law. Qf>c. He was 
 High Sheriff of thi* County and Dorfet- 
 Jbire, \ijoh. and three Years enfuing,. 
 howbeit being afterwards found in Arms 
 againft the King, his Lands were in his 
 Life-time given to- his Daughters, of 
 which Halewife the Youngeft, who mar- 
 ried Sir Hugh Pcintz, had this Manor, 
 then called Curi-mallet, for her Part. 
 Her Pofterity by Sir Hugh Pointz^ in- 
 herited this Manor feveral Succeffions; 
 and Hftgh her great Grandfon being in 
 Favour with King Edward II. obtained 
 of him a Grant for a Market to be 
 kept here every Week, upon Monday 
 and a Fair yearly, upon the Eve, Day 
 and Morrow of All Saints', but we have
 
 726 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 no Evidence that either of them are But in the Reign of King Edward III. 
 now ufed. Nicholas de Pointz. died in Pof- the Eftate of thefe Beauchamps came to 
 
 feflion of this Manor, and left it with 
 his'-Qther. Eftates to his two Daughters 
 suld Heirs, Amid A and Margaret , but to 
 which of them it patted upon the Divi- 
 fton, we can't difcovcr ; however it ap- 
 
 be divided between the Sifters of the 
 laft John de Beaucbamp, viz.. Cicely mar- 
 ried to Roger de S. Maura, or Seymour ; 
 and Eleanor to John Merlet, both of them 
 defcended from ancient and noble An- 
 
 pears that John Tiptoft, the Father of ceftors. This was the Reafon why K. 
 
 John Tiptoft Earl of Wore efler, who was Henry VIII. after he had married Jane 
 
 created 27 Hen. VI. died poflefled of it Seymour, the Mother of King Edw. VI. 
 the 21 Year of the faid King; but tho' 
 
 the right Line of the Pointz, f failed in 
 the eldeft Branches, yet Mr. CambAen 
 tells us there were Knights of that 
 Name in 1607, in his Time, who bore 
 a. considerable Figure ; and Mr. Dugdale 
 .aflurcs us, that the Pointz's of Glocejler- 
 foire are of this Family. 
 
 Hach-Beauchamp, or de Bella Campo, is 
 
 created Edward Seymour her Brother 
 Vifcount Beauchamp, (and Earl of Hart- 
 ford afterwards) whom alfo King Edw. 
 VI. advanced to the Honour of Duke of 
 Somerfet, being then the Proteflor of his 
 Perfon and Kingdom, as well as his Un- 
 cle. The Market above mentioned hath 
 been long difufed 
 
 Merifeld, or Murrifeld, the Lordfhip 
 
 .the next Parifh to Cory-Mallet, and takes and Eftate of the above-mentioned 
 .Part of its Name from the Family of John Lord Beaucbamp of Hacche, who di- 
 Beau.hamps, as that doth from the Mai- ed 17 Edw. III. leaving John his Heir 
 
 " / i ~ < / j j I_"^1^*J| ' ' 
 
 She had cer- 
 this Town 
 
 lets ; a Branch of the great Family of and Margaret his Widow.' 
 the Beaurbamps being Lords of this Ala- tain Lands and Rents 
 nor, and making it their Seat in the 
 Reign of King Henry II. Robert, the 
 firft of them, was Sheriff forthisCoun- 
 ty and Dorfet, 9 Hen. II. and in the i2th 
 Year of the fame Reign, upon the Af- 
 .feflment then made for the Marriage of 
 that King's Daughter, certified, that 
 .his Knights Fees de Veteri. feofmento were 
 .17. His Great Grandfon John de Beau- 
 champ, of this Place, obtained a Grant 
 from King Edward I. Reg. 29. for a 
 weekly Market to be kept on Thurfday, 
 at this Manor of Harche ; as alfo a Fair 
 
 yearly to begin there upon the Eve of to Cicely the Eldeft, who was married (as 
 St. John Baptiji, and to continue the Mr. Cambden tells us) to Roger Seymour ; 
 
 two Days next following that Feftival ; but Sir William Dugdale fayeth to 1 
 
 as alfo a Licence 7 Edw. III. to fortify Turburvill; and Meriet's Daughter and 
 
 his Manor- houfe at Hacche, and embattle 
 
 the Walls of it. But the mott flourim- 
 
 ing State of this Branch of the Beau- 
 
 tbamps, was after Cecilia tie Fortlby de- 
 
 fcenaed from the Earls de Ferrariis, and 
 
 from that famous Marfhal of England, 
 
 William Earl of Pembroke, married into 
 
 (bcfides fcveral Manors elfewhere) for 
 her Dowry. John was a Minor at his 
 Father's Death, and being of Age mar- 
 ried Alice the Daughter of Thomas ~Beitu- 
 cbamp Earl of Warwick in whofe Reti- 
 nue he was, when the Earl went in his 
 Expedition into Gafaigne. He died 
 without Iflne, and left his Eftate to his 
 two Sifters Cicely and Eleanor, above- 
 mentioned ; but Margaret his Mother 
 yet furviving, held, during her Life, this 
 Manor, with fome others, which, after 
 her Death, upon the Partition, devolved 
 
 this Family. For then John de Belh 
 
 Heir Elizabeth was the Wife of Roger 
 Seymour, by whom the Moiety of the 
 Beaucbamps Eftate of Ha.che came into 
 his Family. 
 
 In this Town was the Scat of Nicholas 
 Wadham, Efq; and Dorothy his Wife, the 
 Cofounders of Wadham College in Ox- 
 ford. Their Houfe had always been fa- 
 
 ampo fervcd twice for thi.s County in mous for their Hofpitality, and yet by 
 Parliament, and Richard de Beaurhawp their Frugality out of an Eftate of 
 * Sheriff for this County and Devon, eight hundred Pounds per Ann. they 
 
 had
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 727 
 
 had gathered together a Sum of 140007. the Churches to them belonging, (as her 
 which, refolving to lay out upon fome- Husband had done) during her Life, 
 thing that might be moft beneficial to They left one only Daughter . named 
 Pofterity, they firft defigned to build a Ifabel, who being married in their Life- 
 College at Venice, for the Education of time .to Sir Richard Poynings, Knt. car- 
 the EngHJb Youth in the Romijh Reli- ried this and many other Eftates into 
 gion ; but being advifed rather to do that Family. He left them to his Son 
 it in their own Country, they changed and Heir by her, Robert Lord PoyningSj 
 their Minds, and refolved to eret a Cot- who being flain at the Seige of Orleans* 
 lege at Oxford, which he accordingly 2.5 Hen. VI. left this Manor and his o- 
 began, by making Choice of the Ground- rhcr Eftates to Eleanor, the Wife of Sir 
 plot, where Glocejler-hall now ftands, but Henry Piercy, his Cofin and next Heir;' 
 dying before any more was done, his whereupon Sir Henry, who was after-. 
 Reli& and Executrix Dorothy, according 
 to his Will, by the Affiftance of fuch 
 Truftees as he had appointed, after me 
 had overcome fomc Difficulties, corn- 
 
 wards Earl of Northumberland, had in 
 her Right a fpccial Livery of all the 
 Caftles, Lord/hips and Lids, which 
 were of her Inheritance. This Alanor 
 
 pleated it; and having obtained a Royal after\vard came .to be the Eftate of 
 
 Charter to cftablifh her Foundation, fet- Henry Lord Mountain, who being at- 
 
 tled therein one Mafter, \6 Fellows, tainted in King Henry VHIch's Reign, it 
 
 i i _. ~ I. _ /?_ flC _ * . w \ f ., ." .^ , /"_ " 1 ^ ~. _!_-.*. v " TT/' 
 
 and 50 Scholars, with a fufficient Main- 
 tenance for them all. This Work was 
 then and ftill ought to be the more ad- 
 mired and commended, becaufe the 
 Froteftant Religion was then eftablifhed 
 in this Nation ; and tho' they were both 
 of the Roman Church, and muft needs 
 know that their College would be a 
 Nurfery for Proteftant Youth, yet they 
 neither defifted from their Purpofe, nor 
 gave any Encouragement to their Re- 
 ligion in their College, which was be- 
 gan in id 10, and finifhed foon after. 
 They had no IlTue, and fo their Eftate 
 defccnded to feveral Families, as the 
 Strange-ways, Windhann, Whites, Sec. 
 
 Nerocb, or Ncreethe, the Manor and 
 Eftate of Roger d? Mortimer Earl of 
 March, of which he died poflefled 34 
 Edw. III. -at R.-nera in Burgundy, and left 
 it with his other grea: Eftates to his 
 Son Edmund, then Earl of March. Near 
 it is the Foreft called Neroeh-Foreft, which 
 takes up fo great a Part of this Hun- 
 dred. 
 
 Staple, the Manor and Eftate of Ro- 
 bert Fitz-pain, who died feired of it joint- 
 ly \vith Ela his Wife, with Remainder 
 to the Heirs of their two Bodies lawful- 
 ly begotten, 18 Ei-iv. III. Ei.t furvived 
 him, and held this and divers other 
 Manors in this Count" and others, with 
 
 was feixed for that King's Ufc, and 
 exchanged by him for other Lands, with 
 George Owen, Efq;. It bore then the 
 Name of Staple-Fitzpain, from the Fa- 
 mily above-mentioned. 
 
 Whitlakington, a Village, in Soil rich 
 and fertile, and in Situation healthy 
 and pleafant, the Seat of the Family of 
 the Le Bf pec's, or Speaks, who have for 
 many Centuries been Men of Note in 
 this County and Devon ; John Speake be- 
 ing a Commifiioner for adminiftring the 
 Oaths in the i zth of K. Henry VI. and 
 George She*ke Sheriff, in the 34th of Q^ 
 Eliz.' Rich. Efyec, or Speake, dcfcemied, 
 as we fuppofe, from the famous Walter 
 Le Efpec (of whom Aibnd Abbot of Rie- 
 vaulx gives this CharaQer, That he was 
 quick-witted, prudent in Counfcl, fe- 
 rious in Peace, difcreet in War, &c.} 
 was mightily pious according to the 
 Devotion of thofe Times ; for he found 
 ed three goodly Abbies, Kirkham and 
 Rievaalx in Yorkjhire, and Warden in Eed- 
 fordjhire, in the lecond of which he lived 
 two Years, and there died and was bu- 
 ried. This Richard was the firft that 
 fixed his Seat here, and from hirri 
 twenty Generations had defcended, in 
 Cambden's Time in 16.07, and probably 
 more fincc, if the 'Name doth not con- 
 tinue ftill in this Town. The other 
 
 Villages
 
 7*8 
 
 S M E R S E T S H I R E. 
 
 Villages of this Hundred -we have no car of this Place in the Year 1642, and 
 Account of, either in ancient nor mo- being fequeftred for his Loyalty, lived 
 
 in a poor Cottage in the Village, where 
 
 '<iern Hiftories ; and fo we proceed to 
 II. ANDERFIELD Hundred. 
 
 This Hundred adjoins almoft to Ab- 
 Jick Hundred on the North-Weft, and is 
 bounded on the Eaft with the Hundreds 
 of Somerton and TVhitleigh ; on the South, 
 with the Hundred of North- Curry ; and 
 on the Weft, with the Hundred ofTaun- 
 fon. The Fee of this Hundred we fup- 
 pofe to be in the Crown, and under the 
 Government of the Sheriff. There is no 
 Market-To-.**, in it, becaufe it is near 
 Taunton on the South End, and Brjdg- 
 water on the North. The Villages in 
 which we have met with any Thing re- 
 markable, are thefe, viz. 
 
 Creech, the Native Place of Henry Cujfe, 
 whofe Anceftors had a good Eftate there, 
 and had inhabited there for four Gene- 
 rations before his Birth. He had his E- 
 -<iucation at Oxford in Trinity College, and 
 was fome Time Fellow there ; but was 
 ibrced to rclinquifli his Fellowship for 
 fpeaking fomc Words to the Difcredit 
 of the ^Founder Sir Thomas Pope ; yet 
 not leaving the Univerflty, he was cho- 
 fen Matter- Fellow of Merton, where he 
 iliewed himfelf a rare Grecian Philofo- 
 pher and Difputant. TfceUniverfity at 
 length took Notice of him, and chofe 
 him their great Profeflbr and Pro&or, 
 which when he left, he was preferred 
 to be Secretary to Robert Earl of Effex. 
 In this Pott, as his good Parts enabled 
 him, fo his Ambition, prompted him to 
 engage too deeply with his Matter in 
 Politicks, and fo he was found guilty 
 with his Lord in confpiring to ieize on 
 Elizabeth, and change the Govcrn- 
 
 his W 7 ife died. After her Death he re- 
 moved from hence, and fet up a fmall 
 School ; but being hindred fromgettino- 
 his Bread that way, he was driven to 
 fuch Necellities at length, that his 
 Wife and a Child by her (for he mar- 
 ried again) were ftarved, as he him- 
 felf muft have been, if one Mr. Martin 
 had not relieved him ; for a great Man 
 in the Neighbourhood would not fuffer 
 any of his Succeflbrs to pay him his 
 Fifths. Only Mr. Bat, the laft of them 
 gave him once a Suit of Cloaths. He 
 lived to be reftored. 
 
 Durlay, or Durlate, the Manor and E- 
 ftate of Sir William Arundel, Lord Ma~ 
 travers, (his Father Thomas Earl of A- 
 rundel then living) who having married 
 Anne the Sifter of Henry Earl of Nor- 
 thumberland, obtained a Grant to him- 
 felf and the Heirs of his Body, of King 
 Henry VIII. of this Manor, and fome o- 
 thers in this County, to hold by the 
 Service of a red Rofe yearly. He by 
 his Father's Death, i5 Hen. VIII. be- 
 came Earl of Arttndel, and obtained a 
 fpecial Livery of all his Caftles, Lord- 
 fhips and Lands the lame Year. 
 
 Enmore, a fmall Village, fituate upon 
 a namelefs Rivulet, that empties it 
 felf into the River Parret rear Brid?- 
 water. The Family of the Mallets had 
 a Scat here ; and Tho. Mallet, Efq; of this 
 Place was Sheriff of this County in the 
 1 8th Year of Q^ Elizabeth's Reign. John 
 Mallet was the laft Heir Male of this 
 Family, which had flourished from the 
 Conqucft to the Reign of K. Charles If. 
 He left one Daughter Elizabeth for his 
 Heir, who marrying to John Wilmot, the 
 
 ment, and for Treafon executed at Ty- laft Earl of Rochejler, carried the great 
 as his Matter had Eftate of the Mallets into that Family 
 
 Ittrn 30 March idci, 
 
 been the February before at Tower Witt. 
 
 He was much bewailed (fays Mr. Speed} 
 
 that Family, 
 who have a Scat here. She had only 
 three Daughters, among whom, for want 
 
 ;for his exqnifite Learning ; and foon af- of an Heir Male, the Eftates of both 
 
 rcr ibme of his Writings were published Families were divided. There arefcyeral 
 
 as a Proof of it, viz. Tic Differences of Villages more in this Hundred, which 
 
 ibe Attes of Man's Life, with the Origi- for want of Information we are forced to 
 
 ttal C<'M Proirrefs And En i of it. omit. 
 1607. Mr- Henry Majtcrs was Vi- 
 
 III. The
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 729 
 
 III. The Hundred of B A * w i c K 
 or Bo w o D E. 
 
 This Hundred, which is one of the 
 fmalleft in the County, is almoft of a 
 triangular Form ; two Sides of it being 
 inclofed with the River Ordred, which 
 parts it from the Hundred of Somerton, 
 and the River Et/rf, which divides it 
 from the Hundred of Stone ; the third 
 Side or Line borders on the Hundred of 
 Horeborn. The Fee of this Hundred in 
 the Reign of King Hsnry V. (when it 
 went by the Name of the Hundred of 
 Bowode) was then in the Family of the 
 Ferrers of Chart ley, Edmund Ferrers Lord 
 Chartley, then holding it, and in the 
 next Reign, Anno 14, dying in Poflef- 
 fion of it. This Family of Ferrers foon 
 after ended in an Heir general, who 
 marrying to Walter Devereuv, Efq; the 
 Anceftor of the Earls of E/rx of that 
 Name, carried it and other Eftates in- 
 to that Family. There is no Market- 
 Town in this Hundred, and of the Vil- 
 lages, which are but few, we obferve 
 none of Note but 
 
 Barwick, the moft confiderable Village, 
 from which the Hundred took its De- 
 nomination. This Manor, in the Reign 
 of King Henry III. was the Eltate of the 
 Cantilupes, or as they ufually were cal- 
 led, the Cantlows ; but Ifluc Male fail- 
 ing in George de Cantilupe, the Son of 
 William de Cantilupe, who died in his 
 Minority, his Ettate was divided between 
 his two Sifters Milifent and Joan; which 
 lalt being before his Death married to 
 Henry tie Raftings, her Son John de Ha- 
 jlings, upon the Partition of the laid 
 George's Eftatc, became Lord of this 
 Town of Harwich ; for being then of full 
 Age, he obtained the Livery of the 
 Lands of his Mother's Inheritance pre- 
 
 fcntly after his Uncle G:orge his Death. 
 With this Manor parted 
 
 Stafford, or Stoford, an adjoining Vil- 
 lage and Manor, to the faid John de lla- 
 fiings, who being Heir alfo to the Caftl* 
 and Honour of Bergavenny in Waits, in. 
 Right of his Mother, became Lo.-d 
 Bergavenny. From his Defendants, for 
 want of IlTue Male, his Eftate and Ho- 
 nour pafled to the Family of Beauchamp^ 
 (tho\ as was then thought, it was inju- 
 rioufly taken from the collateral Branch 
 of the Hijlings, who claimed it) and 
 from them it came to the Nevills, who 
 are now Lords Abergavenny, and have 
 been fo ever fince the Reign of K. H?ry 
 VI. Anno 26". by the Marriage of Eli- 
 zabetb, the fole Daughter and Heir of 
 Richard Beattcbantp Earl of Wofcejter,- Son 
 of William Beauchamp Lord Bergavenny. 
 The Beauchamps Earls and Duke of War- 
 wltk, kept him out of that Barony a 
 while, but he at length recovered if, 
 and from that Time to this his Pofterity 
 have enjoyed it, George Nevill being now 
 Lord Abergavenny. There arc fbme o- 
 thcr Villages in this Hundred, but we 
 can get no Dcfcripcion of them l 
 
 IV. The Hundred ofB^THFORM 
 
 This Hundred is in the Northern Part 
 of the County, and is bounded on the 
 Eaft with Wtlt[h>re y from which it is 
 parted by the River Frame ; on the 
 South with the Hundred of Welloiv % 
 which with the Hundred of Keinfoam is 
 the Boundary of the VVeftern Side ; and 
 on the North with Part of Gloce/erfalre. 
 The Fee of this Hundred we fuppole to 
 be in the Crown, and under the Go- 
 vernment of the Sheriff. The chief 
 Places of this Hundred are, 
 
 f B A T H, an ancient City, called by 
 Ptolomy from the Baths, "ft tret Jffft*, 
 
 \ N. B. We acknowledge our felves extreamly obliged to that worthy Gentleman, ishofent 
 us lately an excellent Account of this City and Briftol, ar.d heartily thank him fo,- his gexe- 
 rout Promife of further Information of other Places of Note, as they come in his Way, as he 
 is traveUirg ', hoping bis Example will encourage others of Obfcrvation and Learning to fend 
 as a Defcription rffuch Cities ar.d Tcwns, thsrt they either-live /;/, or can come to the cjmpe- 
 tent Knowledge of t tbat our Work may be the more perfeft* 
 
 Z z z z /. e. Hot
 
 73 SOMER 
 
 j t e.' Hot -Waters ; afid by Anton'tnu 1 , 
 At>.u Solis, i.e. Waters of the Sun;- foy 
 the Britairis, XV entiAtnt Tivynnr, ', -as alfo 
 Ocr Badonbf the Sa*ns, Balance )*tep., 
 }i \r Balers, and (from the Concourfe 
 of lick People to it for Cure/ Ac' - 
 
 Jpancejcef y '. e. Ackmatuefie r, as much 
 as fo fay, the Ciry of Alen troubled 
 with Acl'es, Pains and Diftcmpers ; by 
 flerence of Worceflcr, Acamanni Chiton ', 
 Stepkarus calls ic Badiza ', v-e at this D:iy 
 $atb ', and the mpdcrn Latixs, Eattonia. 
 The Name is fo evidently derived from 
 the hct Waters ufed here for Bathing, 
 that we can't but take Notice, of them 
 in the fir ft Place, fo far as may be no 
 Anticipation to our Natural Hiitory, in 
 which v'c are to diicourfe of them 
 chiefly as to the Nature of therflj not 
 ihe rifcovery., Ufc, and other Circum- 
 iUnces, which we conceive proper for 
 this- Place. 
 
 The City of Bath lies low in a Plain, 
 not very large, cncompafTed on every 
 Side with the River Avofi, and Hills of 
 cji e^ual Height., which fend down ma- 
 ny Springs into the City, to the gr.cat 
 Advantage of the Citizens, and among 
 thfim three hot Springs, much ufcd for 
 Bathing, as well in ancient as at this 
 yrefent Time. "Tis thought 'tis by the 
 ^Exhalations of thefe Springs, that this 
 City is kept fo healthy, which being fi- 
 tiiata at the Bottom of the circumjacent 
 Hilla> which prevent the difperiing of 
 the Vapours and Smoke that rife from 
 the Houfes and Soil, w.ould otherwife 
 J^e very unhealthy ; whereas 'tis by Ex^ 
 erience found, that the Inhabitants are 
 .i5 free from Difcafes, live as long, and 
 liie as few, or fewer tijan in any other 
 Cities of this Kingdom of an advanced 
 Situation, which can be imputed to no- 
 thing hut thefe Waters. Jn former A- 
 grrthcy wercfbutup, from eight in the 
 Morning till three in the Afternoon, bc- 
 c^ufc they arc then extream hot, and 
 boiling up violently, throw up a filthy 
 iuum an J Mud from the Bottom, which 
 idrcd them 'unwholcfonje ; but now- 
 fcf the BaJh being careful.to 
 v. 
 
 R P 'T' S FfFRT? 
 
 O Ji-j 'J- v * * 4- J- V -.- 
 
 clean fc the Water from the Filth as it 
 riu;s; ; the. Bathers ufually p in .the 
 Morning, and continue till Noon with- 
 out any Prejudice or Danger. 
 . Here are three of thefe hot Baths 
 diftinguiihed by as many Names,, <oiz.. 
 i. The Croft-Bath, fo called-, from a cu- 
 rious Crofc formerly ereied in the 
 Middle of it. This Bwh is very gcntje, 
 and but moderately warm. Upon* the 
 Sides of if arc fixteen Stone-Seats, and 
 it is enclofcd with a Wall, and at the 
 Ends hath Galleries for MuGck und 
 Spectators, under which are Slips, (,as 
 they arc called here) one for the Gen- 
 tlemen, and another for the Ladies, who 
 being drefled in Canvas Habits,, go both 
 together into the Bath, the Men, with 
 aH. Decency, keeping on the one Side, 
 and the Women on the other. This 
 Bath may be had any Time of the Day 
 privately, but the ufual Time is the 
 Morning before 12 a Clock, when the 
 Water is let out, and leav.es a difagree- 
 able Smell. This Bath is uied chiefly by. 
 Perfons of Quality and Gentry, and ib- 
 is- the moft frequented of any, tho' it is 
 the fmalleft, being but 24 Foot and an 
 half long, and twelve broad. Ir was 
 muclvbeautified for the Conveniency of 
 the late King James's Qiieen, who by 
 the Advice of-her Priefts ar.-J Phyficians, 
 was to bathe,m order to procure a Male 
 Succeflbr for the Engli^i Throne, bj 
 Conjunction of the King after it. \Yhen 
 thefe Things were done, the Earl of 
 Melfcrt) then Secretary of State for 
 Scotland, tine very next Day> after, ercS-- 
 ed a frne Prophetick Monumcnr, 
 foretelling, the Birth of a Pricce. Jr. 
 \vas made of fine Marble, and adorned 
 with Figures: of Angels attending th,e 
 Pefeent of the Holy Ghoft, the Eueha- 
 rift, &c. and certainly coft. a^great deal 
 ofMcmcy. It ftands itill handfome $uiU 
 entire, favethat fome of the Inscriptions 
 were raxed in King William's Days. 
 2, The Hot. Bath, fo caiJed, becaufe ic 
 is much hotter than the other. It, is 
 fifty-eight Ifoot an<d aja half diftant. from 
 the former,, aad is about 30. Foot ajid 
 aahajf.ia Length, ujid. ij'-fcuot, Iroati. 
 
 ir
 
 S M E R S E r S H I R .& 73l 
 
 IT is walled in, but not fo much ufcd as and carried in Blankets to rh? Bath, 
 the Cwfs-Batb. Iu it is a Well, which which done, they are carried !'> back 
 not only fupplies its awn Pump with again. There is alfo a Barh for Lepers, 
 Water, but is likewife conveyed^ by or L/izars t into which none goes, but 
 Pipes to the Pump in the other. Near fuch as the Phyficians fuppofe to have 
 thefe is an Hofpital built by Reginald a Lcpvofy, or fomething refembling U, 
 Fitz-Jocflin, while he was Bifhop of This Bath is made by the Overflowing 
 Bath andWellf, to relieve the Ncceffi- of the Crofs-E.nh, and the difeafed Per- 
 ties of fuch fick Perfons as arc brought fons, who are bathed in it, being poor, 
 hither for Recovery of their Health, have a fmall Allowance for their Sup 
 Thefe two are in the Midft of the Street, port from the Town; but are chiefly 
 on the Weft Side of the City. 5. The relieved by the generous Contribution 
 King's Bath, which is much the largeft, of the Company every Seafon. Thu 
 being 57 Foot long, and 40 broad. It Bath, the Hofpital and the Company, 
 is in'the very Heart of the City, near draw Beggars hither in fuch Multitudes, 
 the Cathredral Church, and inclofed partly for Cure, and partly for Relief, 
 with a Wall. It is accommodated with that it is become a Proverb here: The 
 twenty-eight Scats, arched over, and Beggars of Bath, as a Place famous above 
 with other Stone Benches, on which .the flfJ>m/or//;<?w.TheAncients dedicated thefe 
 Men and Women that are bathing fit a- Baths, fome to Minerva, others to Hercules. 
 part, and both of them, when they go The -Finding of thefe hot Springs, is 
 into'thc 'Waters, put on Linen Drawers, by our fabulous Tradition-mongers, at- 
 jn the Middle of it are hung Crutches, as tributed to a BritiJI) King, called Blyden- 
 Memorials of the Cures of luch as came Doitb, i. e. -Blyden the Southfayer : O- 
 with them, but joyfully returned with- thers of our own Nation (too fupinely, 
 ut them. About two Foot beneath the as the Learned think) affirm, that J-uli>.ts 
 Cro f s lies a Ciftern with the Mouth Ctfar firft found them out; but if we 
 downwards, from which the Water is may believe Solmus, it was much later,that 
 conveyed by Pipes to the Pump in the the Romans had any Knowledge of them, 
 Pump Room adjoining and looking into none -of .their Hiftorians mentioning 
 it where the Company meet in theMorn- them before him. However 'tis probable 
 "m* and Afternoon to drink the Water, that the Romans, who much excelled in 
 th/> Mufick attending them for their Di- W r orks of that Nature, did by . fome 
 erfion. This Bath, which was former- .Contrivance under Ground, fecure the 
 lv in the greatett Requeft, is now ufed .main Springs of hot W r ater from mixing 
 bv the meaner Sort of People only, with the cold Springs, which abound 
 There is another Bath 25 Foot long, all over the City^ and muft have ex- 
 i ^Abroad, which -hath a Commnni- treamly damaged them, had it not been 
 A - tion with the King's, which is called prevented by ibme fuch Methods; and 
 he Oueen'i Bath, and in -this the great tho' the Inhabitants have .not yet been 
 S- rimT rifeth, over which there is a able to difcover them, yet they are 
 Collumn erefted, with an Infcripticn .on fearful of digging deep, leaft they 
 it iTaewnv who it was that found out fhould difturb them ; for 'tis plain the 
 thefe Springs in the following W'ords : City is built upon a railed Ground, 
 t Bladud the Son of Lud found them which appears a confiderable Height a- 
 ' * ^ob Year f -before Chrijl ', how truly, hove the'- Meadows. If the Saxons had 
 Mil "be leen prelently. Into this Bath any publick Regard to them, ir was not 
 People of common Rank go promifcu- till after their Settlement here a confi- 
 uflv y e *i GV&ry Body except ,the derable Time, viz- abouc the Year of 
 COualitv-' Theie are fetched from their Chrift 930, when we find the Name of 
 s fti-ippe<l and dreffcd for .bathing, Akmancejter was firft given it; and^ a 
 
 y. i. -j. i. a Way 
 
 -L -L a
 
 732 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Way was made to it from the fartheft 
 Parts of the Nation, called Akmanftreet, 
 for the more convenient and direct Paf- 
 fageofthc Sick and Difcafed thither, 
 who 'tis probable were very numerous, 
 or it would not have been done. And 
 from this Time it is, that our Hittorians 
 date the flourishing State and Condition 
 of this City, from the great Conflux of 
 People to it. 
 
 We hope it will not be thought imper- 
 tinent here briefly to mention the Me- 
 thods of fpcnding Time at the Bath. In 
 rhe Morning the Company of both Sexes 
 meet at the Pump in a great Hall in- 
 railed, to drink the Waters, and after 
 that faunter about till Prayer-time, or 
 divert themfelves by looking on the 
 Bathers. Moft of the Company go to 
 Church in the Morning undrefled, and 
 then home to rirefs for the Walks before 
 Dinner. The Walks are behind the 
 Church, fpacious, and well fliaded, 
 having on the Sides Shops furniflied 
 with every Thing that may contribute 
 to Pleafure. In the End of them is a 
 noble gaming Room, and by it a pretty 
 Garden, where every one may walk 
 that will pay for the Time they ftay. 
 After Dinner the Company receive and 
 return Vifits, go to Aflembties and 
 Balls, er fit down by Parties to play in 
 their own Houfes and Lodgings. 
 
 Who was the Founder of this City, 
 we have KO clear Evidence to prove, 
 but that it was ere&ed by the Britain* 
 or Romany mull neceffariiy be fuppofed 
 from the many Things related of it in 
 Hiftory ; for when the Saxoni being lent 
 for by King Vvrtegern, to oppofe the 
 P,l*j and Scats, turned their Arms upon 
 the Britain* themfelves, and fought to 
 
 to this Day its Bulwarks and a Rampire. 
 The Saxons for a long Time after this 
 were difcouraged from making any fur- 
 ther Attempts upon this City, and fo 
 left it to the Britain* to be enjoyed 
 quietly. 
 
 But at length in the Year of Chrift 
 577, Ceawlin King of the Weft Saxons, 
 growing great and victorious, routed 
 the Britain* out of feveral Cities, which 
 till that Time they had held, as Bedford, 
 Glocejler, C'wencejter, and Deorham, and 
 at lengh came to this City of Bath, called 
 then Bathencejler, and ftormed it, till it 
 was forced to fubmit to his Saxon Power. 
 Being under his Prote&ion, it began 
 gradually to profper and increafe, and 
 the Baths came fo much in Ufe, that 
 Ways were made to it from divers Parts 
 of the Kingdom; and it became fo fa- 
 mous for relieving fick Men, that it 
 was called Akmancefter, and in the fol- 
 lowing Times grew up to a great De- 
 gree of Splendor ; for Ofrlck, a petty 
 King of the Wtcd't, in the Year 6:6, 
 built a Nunnery there ; and prefently 
 after, when this City came into the 
 Hands of the Mercians, King Offa built 
 a Church, to which King Edgar, becaufe 
 he was crowned in ir, granted feveral 
 Immunities, the Memory of which are 
 ftill kept up by certain annual Sports. 
 They were both dcllroycd in the Danijb 
 Wars ; but upon the reiloring of Peace 
 under the Danjb Monarchs, this City 
 by Degrees recovered it felf; after that 
 Elpbege Archbifliop of Canterbury, had, 
 in the Year 1010, buik them a new 
 Church; and in the Time of King 
 Edward the Confeflbr, (as we find in 
 Domclday- Book) it gelded for twenty 
 Hides, when the whole Shire gelded, 
 
 t I j*_, i tt f **** n J kiftw**i4V> i v. -T j ~-r-t v* A vi*c.* w & A *v*\, j^ * 1 1 ^ i * iw rv vv w*** W *-,v l V.1 WJ 
 
 make themielves Mafters of all, they and there were fixty-four Burgefles of 
 laid Siege to this City ; but being fur- the Kings, and thirty of others. 
 
 But it continued not long in this 
 
 prized by the warlike Arthur, they be- 
 took themfelves to Badon-llllly where, 
 tho* in a defpcratc Condition, they 
 fought it out to the laft, and were (lain 
 in great Numbers. This Hill feems to 
 be the fame with that we call Lanfdown, 
 which hangs over a Village near the 
 City named Bathejlone, bccaufe it ihews 
 
 K continued not long in 
 prolperous Condition ; for in the Reign 
 of William Rufus, foon after the Con- 
 queror's Death, Robert dt Mowbrey Earl 
 of Northumberland \ and Nephew to Jef- 
 frey Bifhop of Conftans, railed a Rebel- 
 lion againft the King in thefe VVeftern 
 Parts, as Roger Byged, Roger de Montgo- 
 mery
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 733 
 
 mery, WMam Bifhop of Durham, &c. 
 did in other Parts, and fetting forth 
 from Brijtol, went to this Ciry, and 
 plundered and burnt it. But it again 
 recovered in a fhort Time, by the Af- 
 (iftance of John de ViUnla t a Native of 
 Tours in France, who being then Bifliop 
 of Wtttiy did (as Malmibury informs us) 
 for five hundred Pounds purchafe this 
 City of King Henry I. and having built 
 himfelf a new Cathedral here, tranflated 
 his See hither. Some indeed fay, he 
 ftill retained the Name of the Bifliop of 
 Wells ; but Bifhop Godwin and Dr. Guidot 
 who examined the Records of the 
 Church of Batb, tell us, That he fub- 
 fcribed hirafelf ever after only Joannes 
 Batkon. This Cathedral being not long 
 ago ready to fall, thro* Length of Time, 
 Oliver King, Bifliop of Bath, laid the 
 Foundation of another near ir, exceed- 
 ing large and (lately ; and had he lived 
 to finifli it, it had, without all doubt, 
 exceeded all or moft of the Cathedrals 
 in England; but his Death, with the 
 Dilhifbances of the Times that followed, 
 and the Avarice of fuch as detained the 
 Monies collefted to finifli it, have made 
 it much fhort of that Excellency. 
 
 The City of Bath is but a fmaJI City, 
 but very compaft, and well inhabited by 
 the Means of the Medicinal Waters. 
 No Man can imagine otherwife, how it 
 couVd accommodate fo great a Company 
 as frequents it, at leaft three Parts of 
 the Year. It is &d, that there are 
 ufually there eight thou&nd Families 
 at a Time ; fome for the Benefit of 
 drinking the hot Waters, others for 
 bathing, and others for Diversion and 
 Pleafure, of which lall there is no 
 Place in Europe that affords more. It is 
 walled round with a flight Stone 
 Wall, pretty entire, having a Street 
 built upon it ; from whence there is a 
 pleafant Profpeft over the Meadows on 
 the Weft Side. It has 4 Gates, viz- 
 i. Ncrtbgate, with its Suburbs leading 
 to London, opens into Kigbjlreet, where 
 there is a plentiful Market kept under 
 the Town or Countel Houfc, a neat 
 S:onc Building (landing upon n Pillars, 
 
 in the Front, where is the Effigies of 
 two Kings, Coel, a Britijb King, who is 
 faid to have given a Charter to this 
 City ; and Edgar, a Saxon, who was 
 crowned here, Anno 073. From this 
 Place the Street dividing leads to, 
 2. Wejlgaie, an handfbme Building of 
 Stone, containing Tome of the belt A- 
 partmcnts in the Place. The other 
 Street leads to, 3. Soutb gate, and from 
 thence along the Suburbs to a Bridge 
 laid over the Avon, in the Middle of 
 which is an old Gateway. The other 
 4. Gate to the South, leads only to 
 the River, where there is a Ferry. 
 
 The Streets arc narrow, but well 
 paved, and the Buildings by reafon of 
 the grc.it Plenty of Stone thereabouts, 
 extraordinary neat, and fame of them as 
 handfbme Stone-buildings as are any 
 where found ; but many of them ftand- 
 ing in Courts and Alleys, where Coaches 
 can't go, there are 40 Chairs licenfcd 
 by the Mayor, which for Sixpence arc 
 obliged to carry a Perfon from anyone- 
 Part of the Town to the other, within 
 the Walls. There is alfb another good 
 Regulation, which has much tended to 
 the Benefit of the Town, That no Per- 
 fon fliall demand above ten Shillings for 
 Weelc for one Room, which freeing 
 Men from fuch Impositions as are com- 
 mon in other Places of Concourfc, hath 
 brought fuch Numbers of People to it, 
 more for Divcrfion than drinking the 
 Waters, that the Citizens have been 
 forced to ere many new Buildings, yea 
 whole Streets, for the Accommodations 
 of Strangers, viz.. in the North-Suburbs, 
 and without Weft-gate. Adjoining to the 
 Wall on this North Side of the Town, 
 there has lately been railed a neat Stone 
 Building for a School-houie, which was 
 exre&ed, and is now maintained by the 
 Contributions of the Strangers that come 
 to the Waters. 
 
 To allure thcfe laft, there is nothing 
 wanting that may plcuie or divert; for 
 here is a little Theatre, plcafanc Walk* 
 \ipon the Town- Wall, thronged every 
 Evening \vJth the molt agreeable of both* 
 Scses, and along the Side Raffling 
 
 Shops ;
 
 Shops ; and adjoining to the Wall with- 
 'out Mr. Harrifon's Houfe, there is a 
 'fine Bail-Room, and pleafant Gardens 
 down to the River. Befides all thefe 
 Things, the neighbouring Hills afford 
 the moft pleafant Down imaginable, 
 Inhere it is incredible what a Number of 
 Coaches and Horfes appear there at a 
 Race ; fo that Bath is one of the moft 
 proper Places in the whole World, ei- 
 ther for obtaining or preferring Health, 
 'by that conftant Cheerfulnels, which the 
 agreeable Company and Spirit of the 
 Water infufe into thofe that go thi- 
 ther. 
 
 There are but two Parifh Churches in 
 this City befidesthe Cathedral or Abbey 
 Cnurch, which is dedicated to St. Peter 
 and St. Paul, and was begun to be built 
 Anno 1137, and was not finifhed tijl 
 475 Years afcer. It is a lofty magnificent 
 Stru&ure, with an handibme Tower in 
 : the Middle, and a good Ring of eight 
 Bells. The Workmanfhip of the Roof 
 v.'ithin is very neat, and the Quire is 
 adorned with a good Organ, but the 
 Pews and Gallery are very irregular, 
 and the altar very mean. The Eaft 
 Window is noble, and fronts the Walks; 
 Us is alfo that at the Weft End, which 
 Is beautified with Figures, among which 
 arc Angels afcending and dcfccnding a 
 'Ladder, in Memory of a Dream, by 
 -which Oliver King, Bifhop of this See, 
 and Founder of the prefeut Church, was 
 induced to build it. After him Dr. 
 James Montague, Bifliop of this See, was 
 a great Benefactor to this Church, and 
 ut one Time gave a thoufand Pounds to 
 it. He lieth buried in the North Iflc, 
 'Under a ftately Monument of Marble. 
 
 This City is governed by a Mayor, 
 "Recorder, Common Council, and other 
 inferior Officers, an'd fends its Rcpre- 
 Icntarives to Parliament. It hath another 
 Market, befide* that above-memion'd, 
 weekly, v.z- the one on 'Wcdm-fday, and 
 the other on Saturday; and two Fairs 
 ^yearly, c/. on the Purification of the 
 "Virgin Mary, and Join of 'Beverley, 2 
 Fib, and - 'May. The C iriv.ens drive a 
 gi-eatTrade in the Wool!enManufuhire, 
 rvaking Cloth, Serges, "<;. and to en- 
 
 Traders in it, Sir 
 "" Lord Mayor 
 
 of London in 1553, gave an hundred and 
 four Pounds to this City, to be knt and 
 diftributcd to four poor Tradefnven, 
 Freemen, Inhabitants, and Clothiers, 
 (if it maybe) to each of them twenty- 
 five Pounds, for one Year, without In- 
 tereft. 
 
 In this City hath been dug up at 
 Times feveral Roman Coins, as ofVefpa- 
 ftan, Trajan, Conftantines the Great and 
 Younger, Caraujtas, Abfeveras, Conflan- 
 t'nts, and Valentiman. Here arc alfo di- 
 verfe Roman Figures and Inscriptions, 
 but few legible ; that infcribed IVLIVS 
 FABRICIES mentioned in the laft 
 Edition of Cambden, is ftill preferred 
 entire in the Eaft Wall of the Cathedral. 
 It hath for fome Ages given a Title to 
 an Earl, as follows: 
 
 Pbilibert de Gbnndew, a Native of 
 Brittany in France, had the Title of Earl 
 of Bath conferred upon him by King 
 Henry VII. Anno 1 486. He had no Suc- 
 ccflbrs, and fo-this Honour lay dormant, 
 till King Henry VIII. created, Anno i 516. 
 Reg. 28. 
 
 ivw, Earl of 
 Bath. He was one of the Lords that 
 fubfcribcd the Letter fent to Pope Cle- 
 ment VII. fignifying to that Pontiff, that 
 his Supremacy was in Danger of being 
 quite call off in England, if he did not 
 comply with the Defire of King Henry 
 VIII. in the Bilfinefs of his Divorce 
 from Queen Katharine. He departed 
 this Life Anno 1558, and by his Death 
 his Son and Heir 
 
 Jolon Bonrcbier Lord Fetz-tvarin, 'became 
 Earl of Bath, 28 Hen. VIII. He upon 
 the Death of King Edward VI. was one 
 of thofe who appeared firft in Arms for 
 the Vindication of Q, Mary's Title to 
 the Crown, and was thereupon conftitu- 
 tcd one of the Commiflioncrs to examine 
 the Titles of all fuch as put in their 
 Claims to perform any Office at her Co- 
 ronation, by Virtue; of their Tenures of 
 Land. He died in the Year 1560, -and 
 was fucceedcd by
 
 ME R.S E f SHIRE. 
 
 737 
 
 William his Grandfon, Son of his el- for he raifed a Troop of Horfe at his 
 deft Son 3^,*'ho died in his Life-time. " 
 
 He accompanied Robert Earl of Leitejter, 
 ^8E/;^. who was then fent General of 
 the Auxiliaries into the Netherlands, for 
 tli"! Ailiftance of the Dutch againii the 
 fyaniardf* He- died at Tavejlock in De- 
 *ejhirf., in his M^uior-houfe there, Atmo 
 1613, and was buried in the Parifti 
 Church there, leaving 
 
 Edward his only Son, then living, 
 Heir of his Eftate and Honours. He 
 left no Iffue Male, tho' he had two 
 at 
 
 own proper Charge," in 1638, and' at- 
 tended his Majrily with them in his 
 Expedition againii his rebellious S- bji.-c.ts 
 of Scotland ; and when the War at 
 Home between the King and his Parlia- 
 ment broke out, he then being one of 
 the Knights of the Shire for CornwaM^ 
 left Jys Place among the Rebels, and 
 going into Cornwall, led an Army of 
 loyal Com.'jb Men againft the Rebels of 
 Devon and other Counties. He was vic- 
 torious againft them in many Battels, a* 
 
 AVives-, and dying at Tavejlock was saBodmin, Lancefton and Stratton, yea at 
 buried by his Anccftors there in 1636." 'Lanfdownh'is Army conquered, but he 
 The Male Line of the elder Branch of ' 
 this Family thus failing, 
 
 Sir Henry Bourchier Knt. Son of Sir 
 George Boftrchijr ;Knt. third Soft of John 
 the fecond Earl of this Family, was 
 found the next Heir, and fo lucceeded 
 in this Earldom, and all the Honours 
 
 belonging thereto. He died without llTue, Fights and Skirmilhes irr thefe Weftern 
 Jjmc "1654, and lieth buried at Txveftotk Parts ; and when his Majcfty, thro' the 
 with his Anceftors, under a noblfc Mo- Prevalency of the Rebels in all Parts r 
 miment erefte.d to his Memory, with a vr&s conftrained to quit the Realm, he 
 large Epitaph engraven thereon, con- attended him, and had a great Share of 
 taming his honourable Titles, and- an his DiftretTes in foreign Parts, never 
 high Encomium of his Virtuesy under, ceafing to arlift him with his beft Inte- 
 thefe Words.: relts and utmoft Endeavours, till by- 
 
 Confujfations with General Monk, (who 
 was his near Kinfman) and divers other 
 Means, he law his Majefty K.ing.Cbarles 
 II. fettled upon the Throne of his- An- 
 ceftors, when he \vasoaeofthe firftthat 
 taftcd of his Majefty's Favours, not on- 
 ly in being created Earl of Bath as a- 
 bove, but being made chief Gentleman 
 of his Majefty's Bed-chami>er, and 
 Warden of the Stannaries in Dmwp/V* 
 and Cornwall. He enjoyed his Honour 
 
 knew it not, being {kin with divers o- 
 ther brave Gentlemen. His Son Sir 
 J-ohrtj afterwards created Earl of Bath, 
 folio wed 1 his Father's Steps in all Ad- 
 ventoras (tho' bur 15 Years of Age) for 
 his Majelty's Cauie, heading his Father's 
 own Regiment, and being in fcveral 
 
 Hie Situs eft 
 Dom. Ilenrlcui Bonrcier 
 Coi);ts Bathonievfis. 
 
 After his- Death, without any lineal 
 Succeffor, this Tirle lay dormant about 
 fix Years, King Charles II. being then in 
 Exile ; but upon his Reftorarion, three 
 Days before his Coronation, 
 
 Sir John Greenvile, or Granevile, in 
 R-ecompence of his Father's and his 
 own Merits of that Prince, was created 
 Lord Greenvilof Kilkh>tmpton arid Btddifcrd< 
 Vifcounc Greenvil ofLanfaoivn, and Earl 
 of Bath. His Father Sir Bevil Grsueiul 
 \>ho was defcended of Harmo Dentatus, 
 Earl of Carboil, and Lord of Tbori^.y^ 
 *jd Granevil in Normandy, was one .,f 
 the moft for\vard and zealous Suhjcvis 
 for, the Interefts of King Charles L in 
 the. very Beginning of his Troubles ; , 
 
 and Places many Years, nnt dying till 
 11 Aug. 1701, and was fucceeded in his 
 Honour and Eftate by 
 
 Charles Lord Loaf down, U:s Son and 
 Heir, who in the Life of his Father was 
 fummoned to fie i;i the Houfe of Peers, 
 Anvo. 1689. He furvived his Father but 
 a few Days, dying 4^h Stftem'a. Anne 
 i ;o i ; but lefi a Succe.ilbr to his Honouo. 
 and Eftarc, w'^,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Henry Granville, his Son and 
 Heir, who dying in his . Minority, and 
 vithout I flue, this Honour became ex- 
 tinS in that Houfe ; but the Barony of 
 LanfJown being by a fpecial Creation 
 conferred upon Earl Charles, who was 
 made, for his Service and Bravery a- 
 gainft the Turks, an Earl of the Roman 
 ICmpire,by the Stile and Title of Earl of 
 LandfJown t and afterward fummoned to 
 Parliament as Baron of Landfdown t tho* 
 
 the Earldom was loft to the Family, by 
 the Death of the Heir of the right Line 
 without Iflue ; yet this Barony parted to 
 the Pofterity of Bernard Greemill, fecond 
 Son to Sir Bevil, who was flain in 
 Land/down Fight, and accordingly George 
 his Son is now Lord Landfdown. He 
 hath no Heir Male as yet; bat hath a 
 Brother, named Bernard, who is pre- 
 fumptive Heir of his Honour. 
 
 Famous Men, Natives of this City, worthy of our 
 
 Notice, are 
 
 Glides the Wife, furnamed BaJoni- 
 cus, fo called, not only from this 
 City where he was born, but to diftin- 
 guifh him from another Gtldas, named 
 Alban'iui. He is ftiled by fome Writers 
 Querulusy becaufe he grievoufly com- 
 plained and inveighed againft the Sins 
 of the wicked Age he lived in, calling 
 the Clergy Monies Malitl* ; anti the 
 Brit aim generally Atr amentum S^cuTt' 
 He wrote many Books, but none of 
 them are extant, but his Hiftory of 
 Britain. He died about the Year of 
 Chrift 570. 
 
 Join Hales, who was born in the Pa- 
 rim of St. James in this City, and edu- 
 cated in Grammar at the Free- School 
 there. He vas fent to Oxford at 1 3 Years 
 of Age, in 1597, and 'continued fome 
 Time a. Student in Corpus Cbrifti Col- 
 lege ; but his prodigious Pregnancy of 
 Parts being discovered by Sir Henry 
 Savlle, he was by his Encouragement, 
 but for his own \\orth, chofen Fellow of 
 JMertoTJ in 1605. After this he {hewed 
 himfelf fo much above his Age for 
 Learning, that no Perfon, in the Me- 
 mory of Man, ever went beyond him for 
 fubtlc Difpmations, and elegant Ora- 
 Betides thefe Accomplifhmcnts, 
 5 
 
 tons. 
 
 he WAS fo great a Proficient in the 
 Greek Tongue, that he was made Leftu- 
 rer of it firft in his own College, and 
 then in the Schools, both which he fb 
 well difcharged, that Sir Henry Savilc 
 made ufeorhim in his excellent Edi- 
 tion of Cbryfoforn ; and Andrew Downes t 
 the Greek Profeflbr at Cambridge, often 
 mentioned him with Honour. By Sir 
 H' Savile's Intereft, he was made Fellow 
 of Eaton College, and carried by Sir 
 Dudley CarJefon to the Synod of Dort, in 
 1618, where he did good Service in fe- 
 veral RefpeGs, as far as his Place did 
 allow. In 1638, Archbifliop Laud hear- 
 ing of his great Worth, fent for him, 
 and rinding him a thorough learned 
 Man, made him one of his Chaplains, 
 and procured a Canonry of Wlndfor for 
 him, which with his Fellowlhip at Ea- 
 ton, was all the Preferment he had to his 
 dying Day. He affiftcd Mr. Cbilling- 
 tvorth in his Book, which is ftill fb much 
 cftcemed, and was greatly valued and 
 rcfpe&ed by all the learned Men almoft 
 in the World, He was a very hard 
 Student, much addiSed to Failing, very 
 conscientious in his Dealings, of won- 
 derful Knowledge, and of as great Mo- 
 dcfty, and in Truth, a Walking-Library. 
 
 But
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 737 
 
 1W all his Excellencies and Innocency 
 could not guard him from the Presby- 
 terian Severity and Power ; for in the 
 Beginning of the Parliament's Ufurpa- 
 tlon, he was ftript of all, and he was 
 reduced to fo great Neceflity, that he 
 was forced to fell his Library for 700 
 Pounds, which had coft him two thou- 
 fknd five hundred. One Madam Saltjr, 
 Sifter of Dr. Duppa, Bifliop of Sarum, 
 entertained him, and gave him a fmall 
 Salary to teach her Son ; but he was 
 forced to leave her, becaufe of the 
 Parliament's Declaration, threatning 
 fevere Puniihrnents to all fuch as did 
 harbour Malignants, /. e. Royal ifts. 
 From her he went to Eaton, and fo- 
 iourned with one Widow Dickenfon, the 
 Wife of his Servant, in whofe Houie he 
 died, 19 May 1656, Atat. 72. He hath 
 many Things iu Print, all very valua- 
 ble, fome in "Latin, but moft in Englijb ; 
 all which arecomprifed in two Volumes, 
 printed fince his Death, entitled, His 
 Golden Remains, and Mifcellanies. He was 
 buried in Eaton College Church-yard, 
 and over his Grave afterwards was e- 
 refted an Altar-Monument, at the 
 Charge of Mr. Peter Curwen, his great 
 Admirer, and an Eaton Scholar. He 
 ufed to fay he mould never die a Mar- 
 tyr, but he can be reputed little lefs ; 
 who led a Life of Sorrow and Poverty, 
 and died of Grief and Sufferings for the 
 Do&rine and Difcipline of the Church, 
 which was fo undefervcd, that one that 
 was no Friend to the Church, fays, That 
 it was none of the leaft Ignominies of 
 thofe Times, that fo eminent a Man as 
 Hales ftiould live and die under fuch 
 Necemties, as he did, by which his Life 
 was fhortned. 
 
 In the Philolbphical Tranfaftions we 
 find feveral Infcriptions taken Notice 
 of and delineated by Dr. Lifter, which 
 have been difcovered and obferved a- 
 bout this City, and are tranfcribed into 
 the laft Edition of Cambden's Britannia ; 
 but becaufe we think them Curiofities of 
 no Ufe, imperfe& in themfelvcs, and 
 not well underftood by the Difcoverers, 
 *v onoit them, as not willing to fwell 
 
 our Account of this City ncedlefsly. 
 The Villages of this Hundred are 
 
 Barton, which was a Grange to the 
 Abbey of Bath ; but upon the Diflolu- 
 tion of the Abbies being in the King's 
 Hands, was given to Sir William Her- 
 bert, Knt. 
 
 Bathford, or Bcyfcrd, as we conceive it 
 written in ancient Records, was the Ma- 
 nor and Eftate of Join Lord Matins, a 
 Perfon highly in Favour with King Ed- 
 ward III. This and his other Eftates 
 were feized upon 14 Ediv. III. by that 
 King for Rebellion, (as it was then in- 
 terpreted) bccaufe the King had been 
 difappointed of fuch Monies as he ex- 
 pe&ed, and had ordered him, or other 
 chief Men, to fend over to him a his 
 Siege of Tournay in "France ; which fo en- 
 raged the King, becaufe he was forced 
 to come home, that he imprifoned him, 
 fcvcral of the Judges and others, as 
 well. as feized their Lands. But when 
 the King's Anger was abated, he was 
 reftored to his Eftate, and this Manor 
 with the Advowfon of the Church, par- 
 ticularly confirmed to htm, as he lefc 
 them to his Poftcrity, which in a few 
 Succeflions ending in a Female Heir, all 
 his Lands pafled by Marriage to the 
 Hungerfordt. 
 
 In this Parifh was found in the laft 
 Century under Ground, in digging a 
 Room, the Pavement whereof was 
 chequer *d Work, of white, blue and 
 red. 
 
 Bathftone, or BatbeneRon, a fmall Vil- 
 lage near the City of Bath, over which 
 Badon hill, now called Landfdotvn, hang- 
 cth. The Lordfliip of this Village was, 
 in the Reign of King Richard II. theE~ 
 ftate of Sir William Bryan, Captain of 
 the Caftle of Merke, in the Marches of 
 Callais, who died poflefled of it in the 
 aift Year of that King's Reign, leaving 
 his Sifters Philippa, the Wife of Sir 
 Henry S<roop, Knt. and Elizabeth, the 
 Wife of Robert Lovel, his next Heirs, to 
 whom when his Eftate was divided, this 
 Manor of Batheaefton was afligncd t 
 Philippa for her Purparty. The Par- 
 fonage of this Town, which was appro- 
 A a a a a priatci
 
 738 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 priated to the Monaftery of Bath, was, 
 at the Diflblution of the Abbies, gi- 
 ven by King Henry to Chrift-Churcb in 
 Oxford. 
 
 Catterne, or Citterne, a Part of the 
 large Pofleffions of William Earl of 
 Ewe, as appears by the Conqueror's 
 Survey ; but whether it Continued in his 
 Family, we doubr, becaufe he was firft 
 found guilty of a Confpiracy againlt 
 William Rufus, to depofe him, and raife 
 his elder Brother Curthofe to the Throne ; 
 and tho' he was brought off from that 
 Attempt by Promifes of Preferment and 
 Honours, and reconciled to that King, 
 yet he afterward joined with Robert 
 Jbttrwlray to murder him in a Wood, for 
 Which he was feverely puniflied; and 
 'tis probable his Eftate was feized, for 
 we find it not mentioned among the 
 Lands of his Succeflbrs and Heirs, tho* 
 bis Son William was Earl of Ewe, and 
 in Favour with Henry I. 
 
 Comb, or Come, theLordmip of Leof- 
 wine, the fixth Son of Godwin Earl of 
 Kent. He was flain in the Battle of 
 Hajtinef with his Brothers, Harold his 
 fecond Brother, and Gurth his fifth. In 
 the Conqueror's Survey he is faid to be 
 poffefled at his Death of this Lordfhip, 
 and diyers others ; but 'tis probable all 
 of them at his Death were feized by the 
 Conqueror. 
 
 Cojion, or Cojjiwirtor?, the Manor and 
 Eftate of the Lord Tkomas Pawlet, fe- 
 cond Son of William Paivlet, Marquis of 
 Wmcbefier. The Soil of this Village, 
 and fome others near it, is fo very 
 ftony, that when it is newly ploughed, 
 one would rather take the Ridges for 
 lo many pitched Caufways to walk on, 
 than for ploughed Land, in which Corn 
 is to be. fown ; .there is fo little Earth 
 to be feen among the Stones turned up 
 by the Plough-marc ; yet here they have 
 excellent Wheat, tho' perhaps not fo 
 much per Acre, as on Lands of a deeper 
 better Soil. The Country-men of 
 tlu-fc Villages attribute their Crops 
 luoftly to the Stones; for they fay, if 
 they were carried off, the Earth left 
 " Rock would be fo little, 
 
 that it would not cover the Corn, and' 
 fo light, that the Wind would blow ic 
 away. 
 
 Landfdown, or Lanzeton, a Place fa- 
 mous chiefly for the Battle fought 
 there between King Charles Ift's Army, 
 led by the Marquis of Hartford, and the 
 Parliament's Forces, commanded by 
 Sir William Waller, who having been fo 
 fuccefsful in the Weftern Parts, that his 
 Party gave him the Name of William 
 the Conqueror ; the King's Party fear- 
 ing he fliould grow too potent, and car- 
 ry all before him, refblved upon his 
 Approach to Bath, to give him Battle, 
 which they accordingly did, upon the 
 Plain by this Place, called Landfdown t 
 5 July 1642. The Battle was not only- 
 fierce and brave, but long, lafting from, 
 two of the Clock in the Afternoon, till 
 one the next Morning, when the King's 
 Army was victorious, but with fuch 
 Lofs of brave Men, as Sir Be-oil Gran-oill t 
 Major Sheldon, &c. and the unlucky 
 Accident of having their Ammunition 
 blown up, that their Viftory was turn'd 
 into Sorrow. After this Battle^ the 
 Marquis marched with the Horfe to Ox- 
 ford, and Sir Ralph Hopton following 
 him with the Foot, Sir William Waller 
 purfued him, and forced him into the 
 Devizes in Wiltjbire t where he befieged 
 him, which when the King heard, he 
 fent the Lord Wilmot with 1500 Horfe 
 to relieve him, by joining Sir Ralph's- 
 Foot. Sir William being fenfible of the- 
 Defign, met the Horfe on Roundway- 
 down, and out of Bravery fought them 
 with his Horfe only, who being over- 
 come, the Lord Wilmot fell upon Wal- 
 ler's Foot, and with the Help of Sir 
 Ralph's Foot that came out of the 
 Town, obtained a fignal Viftory. Wal- 
 ler fled to Briftol, Hftjlerig was wounded, 
 fix hundred of his Men flain on the 
 Sp^ot, nine hundred taken Prifoners,. 
 vith all their Canon and Ammunition, 
 28 Foot-Enfigns, and nine Cornets. Sir 
 Richard Arundel of Trerice in Cornwall, 
 was a Commander in the King's Army 
 in this Hght ; and for his Valour and 
 Courage, now and At other Times, was- 
 
 created
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 created Lord Arundel of Trerice ; as Sir 
 John Greenvill was Lord Land f down, in 
 Memory of his Father's Fidelity and 
 Death there. The Earl of Ewe was 
 Lord of this Manor, when the Conque- 
 ror's Survey was taken. 
 
 Lineombe, a Village in this Hundred, 
 where the i'riory of Bath had certain 
 Paftures and Meadows ; (as it had alfo in 
 WitcomV) but upon the Suppreffion they 
 all came into the Hands of King Henry 
 VIII. who gave them to Sir William. 
 Herbert. 
 
 Swainfaoick, may here be taken No- 
 tice of for being the Birth-place of Wil- 
 liam Prynne, a Barrifter of Lincoln's Inn, 
 where he was fo eminent as to be made 
 a Bencher and Reader; and perhaps 
 might have been more famous, if he had 
 not meddled with State Affairs, and Ec- 
 clefiaftical Matters, in which being 
 made a Tool by more designing Heads, 
 lie brought ifuch Troubles and Sorrows 
 upon himfelf while he lived, and fuch 
 Infamy fince his Death, that he, if any 
 Man, might wifli he had never been 
 born. He was an indefatigable Reader 
 and Writer. He was inftrumental in 
 bringing King Charles II. to the Throne, 
 and therefore rewarded with the Place 
 of Keeper of the King's Records in the 
 Tower, worth 500 /. per Ann. which he 
 held to his Death, which happened 24 
 Oftob. 1669, and was buried intheCloy- 
 fter under the Chapel. His Books and 
 Pamphlets are faid to be two hundred 
 and more, which are in Lincoln's Inn 
 Library, bound up in 40 Folio Volumes ; 
 and tho* they are looked upop by accu- 
 rate Scholars fo rapfodical and confuted, 
 as to be little worth really ; yet for 
 Antiquaries, Cridcks and Divines, who 
 have Judgment to feparate the Gold 
 from the Drofs, they may be of no 
 fmall Ufe, provided they can keep them- 
 felvcs from being infe&ed with his Par- 
 ty-Virulency. 
 
 Witcomb, or Widecomb, a Village fitu- 
 ate upon the Avon on the Eaft-fide, op- 
 polite to B.tth, which on the South 
 Part is almoft encompafled with that 
 River. It was rfie Eftate of Sir John 
 
 759 
 
 Tiptoft Lord PCKW'IS, who died poflfeflfed of 
 it, 21 Hen. VI. leaving it with other 
 Manors and Eftates in this County, to 
 his Son John Tiptoft Lord Powis, but 
 foon after created Marquis of Worajier. 
 He was a Man both learned and pious ; 
 but living in -dubious Times, -when c- 
 very Man was forced to one Side or o- 
 therinthe Contcfts for the Crown, he 
 being a Lancajlrian, loft his Head on 
 Tower-hill, when King Edward IV. got 
 to the Crown. His Son was reftored in 
 Blood, but died without Iflue, and his 
 three Aunts were his Heirs, but which 
 of them jhad this Manor, we know 
 not. 
 
 V. The Hundred of B E D M i s T E a, 
 and HARCLIBFE. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on theEaft 
 with the Hundred of Chew;- on the 
 South, with the Hundred of Winterfloke ; 
 on the Weft, with a Part of Cbewton 
 and Portbury Hundred, and on' the 
 Korth, with the River Avon and Part 
 of the City of Briftol. The Fee of this 
 Hundred was in the Family of Berkleys, 
 5 Hen. V. for then Thomas Lord Berkley 
 died poflefled of the Hundreds of Bed- 
 mijter and Harcliff, then poflibly two 
 diftin& Hundreds, but fince united. 
 His Pofterity eujoyed it >me Time af- 
 ter his Death, but \vc find not how long. 
 This Hundred hath no Market-Town of ' 
 its own, but bordering upon the Ciry 
 of Brijid, of which ic claims a fm all- 
 Part of the Suburbs, we fliall treat of 
 that City here. 
 
 BRISTOL, called by the Saxoni 
 Bni^fctrtop, l. e . Brightjtow, an il- 
 luftrious or bright Dwelling, in the Ca- 
 talogue of ancient Cities, Caer Brito t 
 and by the Britain*, Caer Oder nant Ba- 
 don, i. e. the City Odera in Badon Val- 
 ley, is fitutte partly in Glocefterjliirt* 
 and partly in Somrrfetjbire, bat doth 
 really belong to neither of them, being 
 a County incorporate by ir.felf, and 
 having diftinft Magiftratcs of its own. 
 It ftands upon a pretty high . Ground 
 between the Avon and the little River 
 A a a a a 2 F/vm<?.
 
 740 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Frame, and makes fuch a beautiful Show, 
 tx>th of publick and private Buildings, 
 as anfwcrs its Name. It is commonly 
 reputed the third City in England; but 
 tho* it be a large and populous Place, 
 there arc other Cities that exceed it, 
 both in Extent and Populoufnefs, and 
 of late Years the Town of Liverpool hath 
 rivalled it in Trade. 
 
 At what Time, and by whom it was 
 built, Vic have no clear Account ; our 
 Antiquaries think it of a late Date, be- 
 eaufe it is not fo much as mentioned in 
 the Danijb Wars by any of our Hifto- 
 rians, Air. Qambden was of Opinion, 
 that it rofe up in the Dcclenfion of the 
 tSaxon Government, fince it is taken No- 
 tice of no where before the Year of our 
 Lord 1063, when King HaroLi (as Flo- 
 rence of Worcefier tells us) fet fail from 
 Brytjtoto to invade WaJes. In the Be- 
 ginning of the Norman Times, this Ci- 
 ty, with Berton, an adjoining Farm, paid 
 to the King (as appears from Domefday- 
 Book) an hundred and ten Marks of 
 Silver ; and the Burgeflfes further re- 
 turned, that Bifliop G- had thirty- three 
 Marks and a Mark in Gold. Afterwards 
 Jeffrey Bifhop of Conjlance raifed a Re- 
 bellion againft W.Iliam Ruftts, and chofe 
 this City for the Seat of War, and for- 
 tified it with that inner Wall, which is 
 fuppofed to continue to this Day in 
 t part ; he joined with many other of the 
 * Cobles to depofe Will-am Rtrfits, and fet 
 up Robert his elder Brother xipon the 
 Throne ; but William partly by Art, and 
 partly by his A&iviry, fbon quelled this 
 Rebellion, and fettled him in Peace. 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry I. that 
 King having married his natural Son 
 Robert to Mattd the Daughter and Heir 
 f>f Robert Fitzbawon, created him at the 
 lame Time Earl of Ghcejter. This Earl 
 being Brother to Maud the Emprcfs, 
 was a icalous Abettor of her Cuufe in 
 rontcnd-ing with King Stephen for the 
 Throne, and pofloflcd himfclf of this 
 City for her; he further to ftrcngthcn 
 the Place againft King Stephen, built a 
 Caftlc here, and while he held it, the 
 Jimpjcfs her felf having cfeapcd from 
 
 the Siege of Arundel Caftle, fled hither, 
 which when King Stephen was informed 
 of, he purfued her hither, with Hopes 
 to inclofe her and her Adherents in 
 this walled City. But the Emprefs be- 
 ing advertifcd of K. Stephens Defign, fled 
 from hence to Glocefter, and then to Lin* 
 coin, intending there to get her Army- 
 together, and make all neceflary Pro- 
 viders for her Defence. King Stephen 
 purfued her, and both Armies being got 
 together, joined Battle. King Stephen 
 was overcome through the Defertion of 
 his Horfe, and many of his Foot being 
 flain valiantly fighting, was himfelfy 
 with Earl Baldwin, and many others> 
 taken Prifoner. The King being thus 
 fain into the Enemies Hands, was car- 
 ried to the Emprefs, then lying at 
 Ghcejier, and at her Command was con- 
 veyed to this City of BrifloJ to be fcepB 
 Pri Toner, ordering rhat he fhoiald be 
 loaded with Chains, and fed with a very 
 flender Diet. The Queen, much di- 
 fturbed at her Husband's Sufferings in 
 Prifon, made earned Suit to the Em- 
 prefs, then lying at Wimbefter, for the 
 Releafe of her Husband, promifing her, 
 that he fhould refign the Crown to her, 
 and content himfeif with a private Life,. 
 but the Emprels caft her off with Scorn. 
 and Reproach ; whereupon the Queen 
 feeing that nothing but Force would 
 prevail, fent to her Son Eujlace, who- 
 was then in Kent y to aflemble what For- 
 ces he could, and by his and her own 
 imereft, foon got together a ftrong Ar- 
 Biy of Kentijh Men and others, and 
 making William de Tpres, lately made 
 Earl of Kent, her Leader, marched ta 
 Windxfter to- the Emprefs,whom they bc- 
 (iegcd a while, and at length took Ro^ 
 foxfBarl of Glocejler, and many other- 
 Nobles Prifoners, the Emprefs being 
 firil carried out in a Coffin as if fhe had 
 been dead. The Queen having thus, 
 gotten the Earl of Glocejler into her 
 Power, refolved to mete the fame Mea- 
 fuie to him that he had done to the 
 King ; and therefore caufed him to- be 
 ufcd hardly as the King had been. This 
 Retaliation foon produced the good Ef-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 fe& intended by the Queen, to procure 
 the King's Liberty, by an Exchange 
 for the Earl of Gbcejter, which was foon 
 confentcd to by the Emprels, and per- 
 formed.. 
 
 Anno 8 Steph. 1142, Robert Earl of 
 Glosejfer went into Normandy to the Earl 
 f Anjou, to require his Affiftance, in 
 order to further the Emprefs his Wife's 
 Caufe in England; and thp' he could not 
 obtain any Forces, becauie the Earl had 
 employed all his Power in conquering 
 Normandy, yet he brought over his Son 
 Henry, furnamcd Fitz-Emprefs, with him, 
 being then a Child, to fee his Mother, 
 who then lay at Walllngford, and re- 
 ceived them both with all Joy. Her 
 Son fhe committed to her Brother's Care, 
 who carrying him to Briftol, put him 
 under the Teaching and Tuition of one 
 Matthew a School-matter there, to be 
 inliru&ed in the Knowledge of Letters 
 and good Behaviour, and with him left 
 him, while he carried on the War wrth 
 King Stephen, with various Succefs : 
 Prince Henry thus remained at "Briftol 4 
 Years ; after which the Earl of Anjou 
 being defirous to- fee his Son and Wrfe r 
 Henry was prefently fcnt, Earl Robert 
 attending him him to the Shore to fee 
 him fafely fhipped, and there, as it hap- 
 pened, took his final Farewel of him, 
 for returning back to the Emprefs and 
 her Friends, he fell fick of an Ague, of 
 which he died, and was buried in this 
 City. 
 
 Anno Reg. i$ Job. 1211. The King 
 laid a Tax upon the Jews, and grie- 
 voufly tormented them in Prilbns, who 
 rcfufcd to pay the Sums they were taxed 
 at. -Among others, there was one at 
 this City of Brijiol, who obllinatcly per- 
 fjfted in his Rcfolution of not payirg 
 the Tax after he was imprifoned ; 
 whereupon by the King's Order this 
 Punifhment was inflifled on him, That 
 fa pould have one of Us Teeth / kicked- 
 ut of his Head every Day, till he agreed to 
 fay the ten- thoufand Marks to the Kin%, at 
 which he was ajfetfed. He peril Ited 7 
 Days in his Purpole immovably, lofing 
 every D&y a Tooth ;. but on the eighth. 
 
 Day, when his luft Tooth (for he had 
 but eight) came to be drawn, he yield- 
 ed, and paid the Money, which if he 
 had done 7 Days before, he had bccn> 
 much wifer. 
 
 Anno 1285, 13 Ed<w. I. King Ed-ward 
 kept his Cbriftmas in this Ciry, and held 
 a private Council, but no general Par- 
 liament, which is the firtt Time that a- 
 ny Englijt) King can be remembred to 
 have kept any folcmn Feaft here. After- 
 Cbrljtmas the King went to London, where 
 he had not been of almotl three Years 
 before, but he left the Court of Chan- 
 cery and his Children here. 
 
 Anno iz<>3, ^^ Edw. I. The Lady. 
 Eleanor, the King's Daughter, who had 
 been married with all the Ceremonies 
 of Proxy to a Deputy for Alphnfo King; 
 of Arragon; Son of Peter late King of. 
 Arragov, (he dying before the Perfo- 
 nal Solemnization of the Marriage) 
 was again married this Year at Briftol r 
 to Henry jd. Earl of Bar, whofc Earl- 
 dom lay in the Eaft Borders of the 
 Kingdom of France in the Province of 
 Champagne. She had I(Tue by him two* 
 Sons, Edward Earl of Bar, after hi? 
 Fathers Death; and Henry Bifhop of 
 Troys, in the fame Province, and two 
 Daughters, Helen married to Henry Earl 
 of Blois, and jfoaw to jfohn Warren Earl 
 of Surrey. 
 
 Anno 1321, 1 4 and 15 Ed<v. IT. A Ci- 
 vil War being ftirred up againft King 
 Edwarti II. by the Barons, in which the 
 Earl of Lancajter was the Chief; the 
 King's Forces, which were led by Sir 
 Andrew de Herkley, came to a Battle at 
 Bnrrottgh-Bridge in Yorkfoire, and being 
 viftorious, took the Earl of Lancajler, 
 and divers other Noblemen Prilbner.v 
 who, afcer Trial, fufFei ed Death ia fe- 
 veral Places, v:z- the Earl of Lanrajter- 
 at Pomfret, Roger Lord Gliffird at Tori; 
 and Sir Her.ry de Willington and Sir Henry 
 Mumford Baronets, at this Place. 
 
 Ar.ro 1355, 17 Edw. 3- The Kins;, by 
 the Advife of his Counfel, removed the 
 Mart, or Staple of Wool, from the 
 Towns in Flanders, where it had been 
 long, kept, and cauicd the fame to be.
 
 74 2 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 kept at divers Places in England, and a- 
 mong others at this City. This was 
 done from a Difguft the King had ta- 
 ken at the Flemm'ings, becaufe they had 
 not kept the Covenants and Agreements 
 which they had made with the King in 
 the Life-time of Jaques Arteveld, by 
 \vhofe Provifion the faid Alart or Staple 
 1 had been kept in fundry Towns in Flan- 
 ders, to their great Advantage and Pro- 
 fit. 
 
 Anno 1399, 22 Rich, II. Henry Duke of 
 'Lancajler (who was afterward King Hen- 
 ry IV.) having landed at Ravenfyur in 
 Torkjbire, and being joined with great 
 Numbers of the Nobility, Gentry and 
 Commonalty, marched with a great 
 Army to this City, and mewed him- 
 felf before the Town and Caftle with a 
 great Multitude of People. The Lord 
 William Scroops Earl of Wiltfiire, Sir 
 Henry Green and Sir John Bufoy, Knts. 
 then kept the Town and Caftle for the 
 King, and prepared for Refiftance; 
 but not finding it prafticable, they were 
 forced to furrender, and being taken, 
 were carried Prifoners into the Camp 
 before the Duke of Lancajler, who cau- 
 fed them to be arraigned the next Day 
 before the Conftable and Marfhal, and 
 being found guilty of Treafon for mif- 
 governing the King and Realm, were 
 forthwith beheaded ; Sir John Ruffel e- 
 fcaped, becaufe he feigned himfelf 
 mad. 
 
 Anno 1471, ii Edtv. IV. After the 
 ViSory King Edward had obtained in 
 Earnet-feld, the Duke of Somerset, Earl 
 of Dev.npire, and fome other Noblemen, 
 who were firm Adherents to K. Henry 
 VI. having gathered a good Army to 
 oppofe King Edward, and re.inftate K. 
 Henry, came to this City, where they 
 were received, relieved and refreshed 
 by fuch as favoured their Caufe, as 
 well with Vi&uals, Men and Money, as 
 good Store of Artillery, with which 
 they were fo encouraged, that they took 
 the Field, with an Intention to .give 
 King Edward Battle at Sudbury in GIoce~ 
 flerjliire ; but when they heard of the 
 king's Approach, they altered their 
 
 Minds, and marched towards Glocefter. 
 In thfe Reign John Miherton, a Carmelite 
 Frier of this City, and Provincial of his 
 Order throughout England, Ireland and 
 Scotland, was brought into great Trou- 
 bles, and committed to Prilbn in the 
 Caftle of St. Angela at Rome, becaufe he 
 defended fuch Perfons of his Order as 
 had preached againft Endowments of 
 the Church, with temporal Pofleffions. 
 He continued in Confinement 5 Years, 
 but at length was releafed by certain 
 Cardinals who were appointed his 
 Judges. 
 
 In the Year 1555. 7 Edzv.VI. there 
 were three Ships fet out from this City, 
 and well fitted for the great Adventure 
 of an unknown Voyage into the Eaft by 
 the North Seas. The great Contriver 
 and Encourager of this Voyage, was 
 one Sebajtian Gabato, an Englifoman born - 
 in this City, but of Genoefe Parents. 
 Thefe Ships at laft arrived in the 
 Country of Mufcovy, but with great Loft, 
 particularly of Sir Hugh Wtlloughby, Kt. 
 a worthy, but in this Cafe, too adventu- 
 rous a Gentleman ; for being driven by 
 a Tempeft further North than he in- 
 tended, he and all his People were at 
 length found frozen to Death. But 
 fince the Seas that Way are better 
 known, and Trade is carried on to thofe 
 Parts with both Advantage and Safety, 
 the Merchants trading thither being 
 long ago incorporated into a Company, 
 commonly called, The Company of Rujjla. 
 Merchants, and as fuch, by A& of Par- 
 liament, endowed with divers Privileges 
 and Liberties for their Encourage- 
 men t. 
 
 In the Year 1574, Feb. 2<J. between 
 the Hours of four and fix a Clock in the 
 Afternoon, there happened a great 
 Earthquake in this City of Brijtol, which 
 was alfo felt at Glocejler, Hereford, and 
 the Countries adjoining, which caufcd 
 the Inhabitants to run out of their 
 Houfes, for fear they Jhould have 
 fain on their Heads. In divers Places 
 the Dimes fell from the Shelves and 
 Cupboards, and Books from their 
 Desks and Claires in Libraries. Ruthen 
 
 Caftle
 
 SOMERSETS ffIR E. 
 
 Caftle fell down, and many Chimneys 
 in Gcntlemens Houles. 
 
 In the Times of the late Civil Wars 
 of England this City was a great Suf- 
 ferer, and underwent many unfortunate 
 Changes and Chances. Thefe Counties 
 of Devon, Somerfet, &c. happening in 
 the Beginning of the War to declare 
 generally for the Parliament, this City 
 was garrifoned by that Side, and Na~ 
 tbanlel Fienes, Efq; a Defcendant of the 
 Family of the Lord Say and Seal, was 
 made Governor of it, Anno 1643. The 
 King and his Friends being fenfible how 
 great a Difadvanrage it was to his Caufe 
 to fufFer this City (which awed all thefe 
 Weftern Parts) to be in his Enemies 
 Hands, thought itneceflary to get it in- 
 to their Power, and accordingly endea- 
 voured it firft by their Friends within, 
 who were Ibme of the chief Men, to 
 have it furrendred to them ; Aklerman 
 TComans t one Mr. Bourclier % and fbme 
 others, were the Undertakers, and had 
 very nigh effe&ed their Defign, when 
 they were difcovered. The Governor 
 was zealous for his Matters, and calling 
 a Court Martial, condemned the two 
 Gentlemen above-mentioned to be hang- 
 ed immediately, which was accordingly 
 executed, but the reft of the Confpira- 
 tors efcaped. 
 
 The Misfortune of thefe two Perfbns 
 \yas a Trouble to the King and his 
 Friends, but did not altogether difcou- 
 rage them from future Attempts of gain- 
 ing fo important a Place; wherefore 
 Prince Maurice, and the Marquis of 
 Hartford having with their Cornijb Ar- 
 my raken in Batb, Prince Rupert was 
 fent from Oxford by the King with an- 
 other Body of Men to join with them, 
 and befiege Bfiflol, where they arrived 
 
 July 24. 164 
 
 of the Citizens, 
 
 forefeeing the Intention of the King's 
 Army, fliipped themfelves and Goods 
 '*uh a Purpofc to fly to London and fe- 
 cure themfelves there, but were pre- 
 vented, by the Army's coming upon, 
 them and feizing them. The Garrifou 
 was well provided with both Men and 
 Amunition, having in it two thou&nd 
 
 743 
 
 and five hundred Foot, and a Regi- 
 ment of Horfe, the Caftle well manned, 
 and Store of Provifions.The King's Army 
 being numerous, and frcfh, aflaulted it 
 jn fix Places, and foon made their VVay 
 into it. Coll. Wafiington was the firft 
 that entred it, and let in the Horfe af- 
 ter him, but it was with great Lois to 
 his own Men and the whole Party. 
 However, the Beheged taking the City 
 to be no longer tenable, beat a Parley, 
 and furrendred upon thefe Conditions, 
 viz- That the Governor and Officers 
 fliould march out with their Arms com- 
 pleat, their Bag and Baggage ; but the 
 Foot without any Arms, and the Horfe- 
 men only with Swords, leaving the Ca- 
 non and Ammunition behind them; 
 That the Liberties and Immunities of 
 the Town fhould be preferved entire, 
 &c. But the Soldiers having in Mind- 
 the Injuries done the King's Party at 
 Reading in fiarkjlxre, retaliated them up- 
 on the Parliament Party, rifling and. 
 plundering them contrary to the Arti- 
 cles of Surrender. This Redu&ion of 
 Brijlol gained the King all this Shire and 
 Wales; but it was effe&ed with fo much 
 Lofs, that he could not wifli for any 
 fuch Conquefts more, for there were 
 flain in this Siege of great Officers, Ma- 
 jor Kendal, Coll. Bucke, Sir Nicbolat 
 Slann'mg, Coll. Trevanian, Coll. Lunsford* 
 and the Lord Grandifon, and five hundred 
 experienced Soldiers. The King, as 
 foon as he heard of this R-edn&ion of 
 Brijlol, kept a general Thankfgiving,. 
 and began to think upon making fome 
 new Propofals of Peace to the Parlia- 
 ment, which was diflieartened by this 
 Lofs. 
 
 This City, remained in the King's 
 Hands all the next Year, 1644; but 
 Waller^ with an Army of ten thoufand 
 Men, being fent into the Well, the 
 King was in fbme Fears of loofing it at 
 gain, becaufe he knew that Walter had; 
 many Friends in it, and therefore difr 
 patched an Order to the Lord Hfpton to 
 take the tumcft Care he could to fccure 
 but not thinking that fufficient fent 
 Prince Qb^ts to provide for its - 
 Defence- 
 
 t
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 744 
 
 Defence as much as pofliblc. Waller in 
 the mean Time was drawing towards 
 it; and when the Prince arrived there, 
 it Afar, hedifcovered a Plot among the 
 Inhabitants, to betray the City to him. 
 The Prince foon difpblfed this Danger 
 
 flioe ; and on the Eaft Side, where it is 
 not defended by thefe Rivers, it was 
 formerly fecured by a Caftle, which is 
 now built into Streets and large Suburbs, 
 extending from the Gate on that Side. 
 The Bridge hath but 4 Arches, yet is 
 
 the Cqnfpirators all flying for Fear of reckoned to be half as long as Londtn- 
 
 thcir juft Punifhment ; and by the Con- 
 currence of the Lord Horton, fo fettled 
 
 Bridge. It leads into Raddiffe, which is 
 a confiderable Part of the City on the 
 
 Things, that the City fecm'd altogether other Side of the Avon. There is an- 
 tobe out of Danger from its Enemies ; " l 
 bnt it feems it was not (b from its 
 Friends, for the Prince, when he had 
 converted with the Garrifon a while, 
 
 found great Animofities among the Of- munication with it, there 
 ficers, which raifed Parties among the bridge here to let in Ships. 
 Soldiers, and was the Caufe that Difci- 
 pline was negle&ed. The Prince had 
 in a great Meafure healed thefe Diffe- 
 rences before he left the City, which he 
 was forced to do, becaufe the Plague in- 
 
 other Part of the City on the other 
 Side of the Frame, united to it by the 
 Frame Bridge, fecured by a Gate called 
 the Frame-gate ; and for the better Com* 
 
 is a Draw- 
 All thefe 
 
 Parts taken together, make the City of 
 a large Extent and circular Form, here- 
 tofore encompafled with a double Wall, 
 of both which there are now but fmall 
 Remains, which yet is continually in- 
 
 creafed in it, and went to Barnjlable in creafing; there having been lately fe- 
 
 Devon. Prince Rupert, in the mean 
 Time, was lent from the King to Bri- 
 ftoly to relieve the Prince; but he be- 
 ing removed as before, Prince Rupert 
 undertook the Government of it, and 
 got all the Forces he could together to 
 defend it. The Parliament Army foon 
 after drew up to befiegc it, which when 
 the King heard, he was not much trou- 
 bled, becaufe Prince Rupert had before 
 allured him, that he could hold out 
 four Months ; but when if was loft in 
 lefs than fo many Weeks, he was fo ve- 
 ry angry, (for his Heart was fet upon 
 
 veral entire new Streets built there, 
 and others being in Building. It is a 
 large opulent and fine Corporation, fend- 
 ing Burgefles to Parliament, and go- 
 verned by a Mayor, Aldermen, two 
 Sheriffs, a Recorder, &>c. It is compu- 
 ted equal to a tenth Part of London, in 
 Buildings and Extent; but enjoys a full 
 feventh Part of its Trade. It is encom- 
 pafled with a Wall, in which are fix 
 Gates. The Streets, which are very 
 uniform and well built, are kept very 
 neat and free from all noifome Vapours 
 which may infet the Air, by the ma- 
 
 faring of Brfftol} that he fent a Letter ny fubterraneous Vaults and Channels, 
 
 to Prince Rupert from Ra/rland-Caftle, fo 
 deprive him of his Commiflion, and or- 
 der him to provide for himfelf beyond 
 Sea, for he would truft to him no longer. 
 Erlftol is a City and County in" its 
 
 (called by the Citizens Goutei} which 
 are made on Purpofe to convey away all 
 the Filth of the Streets, and to prefer ve 
 them trom breaking in ; no Carts are 
 permitted to come into the City ; but 
 
 felf, fituate indeed partly in Glocefter- Goods are brought into it by Sledges. 
 
 The Buildings of thisC.ty are very dif- 
 ferent. In the Heart of it they arc clofc, 
 with Shops full of Goods and Merchan- 
 dizes of al! Sorts ; but in the other Parts 
 of the Town arc Ipacious Streets and 
 ncatHoufcs,particularly thcSquare about 
 the Key. It is very populous; but the 
 People give up themfclves to Trade fo 
 
 fire, and Part in this County, but in 
 neither of them. The River Avon runs 
 through the Middle of it almoft, and 
 has a Stone-bridge over it, which being 
 built on both Sides with fair Honfcs, 
 like London- Bridge, makes it refemble a 
 Street. Between this River and the 
 Trome the principal Part of the City 
 
 lies, encoinpaffed in Form of an Horfe- entirely, that nothing of theP olitenefs 
 
 and
 
 M E R S E f S HI RE. 
 
 745 
 
 and Gaiety of Bath is to be fcen here ; 
 all are in an Hurry, running up and down 
 with cloudy Looks, and bufy Faces, 
 loading, carrying and unloading Goods 
 and Merchandises of all Sorts, from 
 Place to Place ; for the Trade of many 
 Nations is drawn hither by the Induftry 
 and Opulency of the People. This 
 makes them remarkably infolent to 
 Strangers, as well as ungrateful to Be- 
 nefa&ors, both naturally arifing from 
 being bred, and become rich by Trade, 
 as (to ufe their own Phrafe) to care for 
 no Body, but whom they can gain by ; 
 but yet this ill-bred Temper hath 
 produced one good Effeft, which our 
 Laws have nof yet been able to do, and 
 that is, the utter Extirpation of Beg- 
 gars. It is alfo well furnifhed with all 
 Neceflarics, having two Markets week- 
 ly, on Wednesday and Saturday, plentiful- 
 ly ftocked with all Sorts of Provisions, 
 and feveral Fairs yearly, viz- upon 
 New-year's Day, l fan. and St. Paul's 
 Converfion, 25 Jan. and upon St. James'* 
 Day, 25 July. At theH/g& Crofs, where 
 the Market is kept, there is a Con- 
 jun&ton of four eminent Streets. Thofe 
 Things befide, which deferve our parti- 
 cular Remark, are the Key, or Port, 
 the Exchange, the Churches and Ho- 
 fpitals. 
 
 The Key for the loading and unload- 
 ing of Ships is very convenient, and 
 might be made the fineft, largcft and 
 longeft in the World, by pulling down 
 an old Houfe or two. The principal 
 Key is upon the frame, extending from 
 the Frame Bridge to the Marfh. VcfTels of 
 an Hundred and fifty Tun may ride 
 conveniently in this Key at high Water, 
 but they lie dry at Ebb ; and tho' they 
 get in pretty eafily with the Flooa, 
 which is faid to riic 40 Foot at the 
 City, by the fudden Fall of the Tide, 
 the failing back is made very trouble- 
 fome, by the winding Courfe of the Ri- 
 ver, which is fo narrow, that at low 
 Water it fcems little larger than a great 
 Ditch. The other Key is of little Note, 
 and is called the Back ; it lies on the 
 Weft Side of the Avon, beginning at the 
 
 great Bridge called Briftol-Bridge, and 
 extending likcwife to the Marfh ; Vef- 
 fels of greater Burden riding in Hung- 
 road, about three Miles below. There 
 arc about Four hundred Sail of Mer- 
 chant Ships belonging to this Port ^ and 
 the chief Trade is managed at home 
 from Wales, and the Midland Counties ; 
 yet they trade to all Parts of Europe, 
 and make Voyages to the remotcft Parts 
 of America. They 'keep a weekly Cor- 
 refpondence with Southampton, dealing 
 thither chiefly in Tobacco and Sherry, 
 which laft they fetch from Spain, and 
 is therefore called Briflol Milk ; not on- 
 ly becaufe it is as common here as 
 Milk in other Places, and its ufually 
 drank, but becaufe they efteem it as 
 pleafant, wholefome and nourishing. 
 Certain it is, that Sherry is no where fb 
 good as here, and on that Account is 
 to many Men as pleafant as Mother's 
 Milk to Babes. Behind the Key is a 
 very noble Square, as large as that in 
 Soho t London, in which is kept the Cu- 
 ftom-houfc, and moft of the eminent 
 Merchants, who keep their Coaches, 
 have their Dwellings there, VVare- 
 houfes, &c. 
 
 The Exchange is fituate in the Heart 
 of the City, where four Streets meet at 
 a curious little Crols. It confifteth only 
 of a Piazza on one Side of the Street, 
 but hath fomething furprifing in it, be- 
 ing planted round with Stone Pillars, 
 which have broad Bofs-plates on them 
 like Sun-Dials, and Coats of Arms, 
 with certain Infcriptions on every Plate. 
 They were ere&ed (as the Inhabitants 
 fay) by fome eminent Merchants, for 
 the Benefit of writing and difpatching 
 their Affairs on them, as on Tables. 
 And at Change-Time the Merchants 
 every one take up their Standing about 
 one or other of thefe Pillars, that Ma- 
 fters of Ships and Owners may know 
 where to find them. Oppofite to it is 
 the Ccurxil-bcufe, an handfome modern 
 Building of Stone, in which the Mer- 
 chants likewife tranfaft Bufinefs, but 
 both being found inconvenient, there is a 
 Subfcription fet on Foot, for the build- 
 B b b b b ing
 
 74* 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 ing a more large Exchange, in the Room City and neighbouring Ports are with 
 
 of fbme wretched old Tenements, which 
 (land in the Midft almoft of the City, 
 which 'tis hoped will be fticcefsful, and 
 produce a beautiful Building in their 
 Place. 
 
 The Glafs-houfes, which are near as 
 many as the Churches, and whofe high 
 Chimneys look like fo many Towers 
 are a Nu&nce to the City 
 
 excellent Coal from the Hills on the 
 Eaft Side of the City. There are many 
 Coffee-houles and Taverns about the 
 Exchange, juft as there 're at "London , 
 where much of their Bufinefs is tranf- 
 
 The Churches befides the Cathedral, 
 which is dedicated to St. Anettftine, are 
 
 A.-J t ___ f __ .1 f ' T>t J * 
 
 , becaule they faid by fpme to be but Eleven, but by 
 
 cover it with a continual Cloud of others Fifteen, and others Eighteen in 
 Smoke. They are fupplicd, as the Number, viz. 
 
 Trinity. 
 
 St. John Baptift. 
 Sr. Leonard. 
 St. Stephen 
 
 St. Andrew. 
 All Saints. 
 Sr. Lawrence. 
 St. Warburgb. 
 
 St. Michael. 
 
 St. Peter. 
 
 St. Mary Port. 
 
 St. Philip. 
 
 St. Nicholas 
 
 St. Mary RedcIIff. 
 
 Holy Crofs, alias fe Temple. We can 
 give an Account but of fomc few of 
 thefe Churches, but in general may 
 fay of them all together, That all of 
 them being adorned with handfome 
 Steeples or Towers, they make the 
 Profpe&of the City very beautiful. 
 
 I. The Cathedral is fituate upon the 
 Top of the Hill, and indeed is one of the 
 meaneft in England, but the Square or 
 Green adjoining to it, hath feveral fine 
 Houfeson it, which makes it thepleafant- 
 eft Part of the Town in fome Mens O- 
 pinion. There were ancicnrly in this 
 City two Churches dedicated to St. Au- 
 
 gttftine, one of them a fmall Parifh- 
 Church, the other a Church to the 
 Monaftery of Canons Regular of St. 
 Auguflne, turned into a Cathedral by 
 King Henry VIII. who diflblved the 
 Foundation of the Monaftery, and 'pla- 
 ced therein a Dean and fix Prebendaries 
 or Canons Secular, endowing them out 
 of the Revenues of the Monaftery. The 
 greateft Part of the College is pulled 
 down, and nothing but the Gate is left 
 (landing, which ftiJl fliews much curious 
 Art in the Building, having this Jn- 
 fcription; 
 
 REX HENRICUS II. ET DOMINVS 
 ROBERTVS FILIVS HARDINGI, FILII 
 REGIS VACIM HVIVS MONASTE 
 RIl PRIMI FVNDATORES EXTITE 
 RVNT 
 
 In Engl'jb thus : 
 
 King Henry II. and Lord Robert, the Son of Harding, Son to the 
 King of Denmark, were the firft Founders of this Monaftery. 
 
 This Robert, HarJIng's Son, of the 
 "Blood Royal of 'Denmark, was a princi- 
 pal Man in this City of Brijlol, and fo 
 much beloved by King Henry, that by 
 his Favour, Maurice his Son married 
 the Daughter of the Lord Barkley ; from 
 
 whence hisPofterity, who have 
 flourished in great State, are * itfoy. 
 to * this Day ftiled Barons of 
 Hartley, fomc of whom were buried in 
 this Church with the pious Founder of it. 
 All the Weft End was dcmolifhed in the 
 
 late
 
 SO M E R S 1 
 
 late Civil Wars ; To that the Tower, 
 which at firft ftood in the Middle, is now 
 at that End. But the Eaft End (binds ftill 
 entire ; the Stalls in the Choir are very 
 neat, and there is a good Organ in a 
 Wainlcot Gallery, which was let up by 
 the Subfcription of fome of the Citizens, 
 whofe Names, with the Sums given by 
 them, arc hung up in a Frame in the 
 Church. Under the Organ in the Pan- 
 nels are fome Prophets painted. The 
 Altar is very neat, and hath an Afcent 
 to it of black and white Marble Steps ; 
 and on each Side on a Pannel of the 
 Wainfcot, the Painting feems to continue 
 an Ifle in the Church. The Windows 
 are dark, being made of Glafe ftained 
 with the Scripture Hiltories, and Coats 
 of Arms, and in the Jfles are fome good 
 Monuments. The next Church to this is, 
 I. St. Mary Radclijfc, which ttands 
 without the Walls of the City, and is 
 the moft beautiful Church in the City ; 
 but cot taken fo much Notice of as it 
 deferves, becaufe it is fituate in the 
 rneancft Part of the Town. There is a 
 nobie Afcent into it by a great many 
 Steps ; but the Beauty of it is loft, by 
 being crowded up with Houfes. It is 
 built in the Form of a Crofs, very lofty, 
 with an high Tower in the Middle, con- 
 fitting of a Body, two Ides and a Chan- 
 cel, and is fo large, and the Workman- 
 fhip, viz.. Carvings, Mouldings and 
 Gildings, is fo exquifite, the Roof is fo 
 curioufly vaulted with Stone, and the 
 Tower fo high, that it is commonly 
 thought to exceed all the Parifli- 
 Churches in England; a neat Altar 
 with an Afcent of Marble Steps, en- 
 compafled with Iron Rails, &*c. the 
 whole being kept exceeding neat. In it 
 the Founder William Canninges, who 
 built it abaut 300 Years ago, hath two 
 honorary Monuments, one in the Habit 
 of a Magistrate, for he was five Times 
 Mayor of this City ; the other in the 
 Habit of a Clergyman, for in his later 
 Days he took Orders, and was Dean of 
 the College, which htrafelf founded at 
 fVeftbury. Hard by this is an other Church 
 called, 
 
 SHIR E. 
 
 747 
 
 5. Le Temple, or Holy Crofs, theTowe r 
 of which, as often as the Bells ring* 
 moves to and again, fo as to be quit 
 parted from the reft of the Building 
 and there is fuch a Chink from Top to 
 Bottom, that the Gaping is three Fingers 
 wide, when the Bells ring, growing firft 
 narrower, and then again broader. The 
 next memorable Church is that of, 
 
 4. St. Stephen, the ftately Tower of 
 which was (fays Mr. Cambden) in the 
 Memory of our Grandfathers, built by 
 one Sbipward, a Citizen and Merchant, 
 with great Charge, and curious Work- 
 manfliip. It is faid to be one of the 
 highcft in England, and makes a very 
 beautiful Appearance. St. Warbttrge and 
 Aff-Saintt have lofry and handfome 
 Steeples, which laft is like St. Magnus* 
 London. St. Nicholas and Chrift-Churcb 
 have handfome Spires, and the later 
 8 mufical Bels ; and next the Street two 
 Figures, ftriking the Hours like St. Dun- 
 flan's in Pieetftreet, London. - On the Eaft 
 and North Parts al(b it was enlarged 
 with very many Buildings, and thofe 
 included within the Walls, being like- 
 wife defended by the River Frame, 
 which after it lias pafled by thefe Walls 
 runs calmly into the Avon, making a 
 fafe Harbour for Ships, and a Creek 
 convenient to load and unload Wares, 
 which they call the Key. 
 
 There are Hofpitals built in all Parts 
 of the Town for the Relief of the Poor ; 
 but that of moft Note is Gaunt's Hofpi- 
 tal. It was before the Diflblution of the 
 Abbies a Collegiate Church called 
 Gaunt's, from its Founder Sir Henry 
 Gaunt, Knt. who leaving the World 
 did here dedicate himfelf to the Service 
 of God ; but of late Years it is by the 
 Munificence of Thomas Carr, a wealthy 
 Citizen of this Place, converted into an 
 Hofpital for Orphans. But the moft e- 
 minent Bcnefa&or to this City is Sir 
 Thomas White, Mayor, and Merchant- 
 Taylor of this City, the worthy Founder 
 of St. Johns College, Oxford^ who in his 
 Life-time gave to this City, Two thou- 
 fand Pounds in Money, to purchafe Lands 
 of the yearly Value of One hundred and 
 
 B b b b b i twenty
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 twenty Pounds. Concerning which it was 
 then decreed, That the "Mayor, Bur- 
 gefles and Commonalty of Briftol, in the 
 Year 1567, and ten Years following, 
 fhall caufe to be paid at Rrijtol One hun- 
 dred Pounds of lawful Money. The firft 
 Eight hundred Pounds of which fhall be 
 lent to lixteen poor young Men, Clo- 
 thiers, and free Men of the fame Town 
 for the Space of ten Years, viz. 50 /. a- 
 piece, putting in fufncient Security for 
 the fame ; and at the End of the ten 
 Years ro be lent to fixteen more, as the 
 Mayor, Aldermen, and 4 Common 
 Council-Men {hall judge beft, and to all 
 without Intereft ; the other Two hundred 
 Pounds to be employed in the Provifion 
 of Corn for the Relief of the Poor for 
 their ready Money, without Gain to be 
 taken. He alfo built a School here, and 
 gave another Hundred Pounds to be lent 
 ro four young Tradefmen, (Clothiers to 
 be preferred before others) viz- 25/. 
 each for ten Years, without giving any 
 Thing for the Loan, which being alfo 
 given to feveral other Cities, was to re- 
 rurn in about 24 Years to this again. To 
 thefe Remarkables we fhall add, That 
 below the Key between the Confluence 
 of the AvorJt and Frame is a Champion 
 Ground, which is fet round with Trees, 
 and affords the Citizens a moft pleafant 
 Place to walk in, called the Marjb. 
 
 Upon the South Eaft of the Town, 
 where the Rivers do not encompafs it, 
 Robert, the natural Son of King Henry 
 I. (commonly called Robert Rr<fus, Con- 
 ful of Glo ejler, becaufe he was Earl of 
 Glocefler} built a large and ftrong Caftle 
 for the Defence of his City, (but it was 
 quite demolished by Cromwell in the late 
 Civil Wars, and is now built into fair 
 Streets) and out of a pious Principle 
 threw afide every tenth Stone for the 
 Building of a Chapel near the Priory 
 of St. jfamet, which he had before e- 
 refted under the Walls of the City. He 
 t<v>k to Wife AJabil, the Daughter and 
 fole Heir of R bert Fttz. "barnon, who held 
 this City i:i Fealty of WiU'inm the Con- 
 queror. This Caftlc bcin^ yet fcarcc 
 finifhed, wax bcficgcd by Kit g Stephen ', 
 but he was forced to draw oft his Forces 
 
 without effc&ing any Thing, and the 
 fame Pcrfon not many Years after, being 
 Prifoner therein, was a fair Inftance of 
 the Uncertainties of War. 
 
 Beyond the River Frome, over which 
 at Frame gate there is a Bridge, one goes 
 up an Hill of a fteep and difficult Afcent, 
 having above Fourfcore Stone Steps at 
 proper Diftances laid for the Eafe of 
 Foot-Paflengers ; from whence there is 
 a pleafant Profpeft of the City, and of 
 the Haven below it. Half up this Hill, 
 and equal with the Tops of the Steeples 
 below, {lands St. Michael's Church, and 
 above that Mr Colfons Alms-houfes built 
 of Stone, not magnificent, but as fuch 
 Houfes ought to be, neat and conveni- 
 ent. This on the ,Top fpreads into a 
 large and green Plain, fliaded all along 
 the Middle with a double Row of Trees, 
 among which is a Pulpit of Stone, and 
 a Chapel, wherein they fay that jFordatr, 
 one of the Companions of St. Auguttine 
 the Englifo Apoftle, was buried, but it 
 is now turned into a Free School. 
 
 In the Year 1672, there was a freez- 
 ing Rain fell on the pth, icth and nth 
 of December, which made fuch a De- 
 ftruftion of Trees in all the Villages 
 and Highways from this City towards 
 Wells and Shipfon Malet, as alfo towards 
 Bath and Bruton, as was for the Matter 
 and Manner of it incredible. Old 
 Orchards were much difabled, and fome 
 quite deftroyed by it. The Trees and 
 Hedges were loaded with Ice, viz- on 
 the Sprig of an Afh-tree was 16 Pounds 
 of Ice, and a fmall Bent had an Icicle on 
 it 5 Inches round, <*>r. and at the fame 
 Time there was no Ice on ftanding Pools. 
 Some Travellers were altnofl killed with 
 the Cold, and the Trees were fo torn 
 and broken down, that the Highways 
 were almoft unpaflable. 
 
 This City, tho' almoft the fecond of 
 the Kingdom, was not honoured with 
 the Title of an Earldom, till the Reign 
 of King James I. by whom 
 
 Sir John Digby, Knt. was created Earl 
 of Briftol in the aoth Year of his Reign. 
 This Gentleman became full known at 
 Court, by being fent by the Lord Har- 
 rington, then Guardian to the Princefs
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 749 
 
 Elizabeth, to acquaint his Majefty with 
 a Defigri, then fet on Foot by the* Pa- 
 pifts, to rife in Arms upon Dunfmore- 
 Heatb in War-whijhire, and by Surprize 
 take away the Princefs. The King, 
 who was a fagacious Difcerner of Mcns 
 Abilities, was much taken with his Be- 
 haviour, and judging that he might be 
 ferviceable to him in Sratc Affairs, there- 
 upon made him a Genrleman of the 
 Privy Chamber, and one of his Maje- 
 fty's Carvers. In this Poft, while he 
 remained, he daily increafed in his Ma- 
 jefty *s Favour, and on March \ 5. Q-Jac. I. 
 was knighted. He at length was Tent 
 Embaflador into Spain, and after his 
 Return was further preferred to be 
 Vice-Chamberlain of his Majefty 's Houfc- 
 hold, and one of his Privy Council, 
 after which he was tent into Spain again, 
 where the Duke of Lerma allured him, 
 that the King of Spain, his Mafter, had 
 a Defife of uniting his Interelts with the 
 King of Great Britain, and to that End 
 was difpofed to match his fecond Daugh- 
 ter with the Prince of Wales. King 
 James was then treating of a Marriage 
 with the Court of France for his Son ; 
 but by Reafon of the feeming Forward- 
 nefs of the Court of Spain, it was laid 
 afide, and Sir John Digby returned home, 
 where, while he remained, he was crea- 
 ted Lord Digby, of Sherburne in Dorfet- 
 jb'tre; and having had fome Conferences 
 with Gondamer, the Sianijh Refident 
 here, Things were brought to that Iflue, 
 that the King and his Council thought 
 that the Match was likely to go on with 
 Succcfs; and fo Sir John, now Lord 
 Digby, was lent again into Spain, with a 
 Commiflion under the Great Seal, to 
 treat and conclude the Marriage ; but 
 the Differences of Religion requiring 
 ibme Confideration, and the Pope's Dif- 
 penfation being to be obtained, took up 
 Time, and the Spanijh Slownefs caufed 
 fuch Delays, that the Lord Digby re- 
 turned re infeffa. 
 
 While thcfe Things were tranfa&ing, 
 Wars broke out in Germany between the 
 States and Princes Proteftant, and the 
 Houfe ofduflria, who both of them la- 
 
 bouring to ftrengthen themfelvcs by 
 Confederacies, the Proteftants of Eobe* 
 mia, who were in the Union, chofe 
 Frederick Prince Palatine of the Rhine t 
 who had married King James's Daugh- 
 ter Elizabeth, King of that Country. 
 The Lord Digby was fent upon this Oc- 
 cafion into Flanders to the Archduke AI- 
 bertns, to gain a prefcnt Ceflation of the 
 War, and make Way for a Treaty of 
 Peace with the Emperor, which he, by 
 the Mediation of the Archduke Albert ob- 
 tained, and then returned into England, 
 bringing the Articles of the CefTation 
 along with him. In this Interval the 
 Match with Spain feemed dormant ; and 
 tho' King James defired it very much, 
 and to further it made Ibmc unbecoming 
 Conccffions to the Papifts, which much 
 difgufted the People, yet little or no- 
 thing was done in it: At length King 
 Philip III. the Father of the laid Lady 
 Donna Maria, Infanta of Spain died, and 
 his Son Philip IV. fucceeded him ; where- 
 upon the Lord Digby was created Earl 
 of this City of Briftol, and fent Embafla- 
 dor into Spain to compleat the Match, 
 the Duke of Buckingham at the fame 
 Time perfwading the Prince to go in 
 Perfon, and court the Lady himfelf, as 
 the moft effc&ual Way to make it fuc- 
 cefiful ; but all that they both could do, 
 produced no other Effect, than a Diffe- 
 rence between the two Peers, and arti- 
 cling againll each other in Parliament, 
 &>c. This Earl departed this Life at 
 Paris, January 21. 1652. being then in 
 Exile, which he ftiffer'd for adhering to 
 King Charles I. againft the Parliament, 
 who in his Abfence fcifed his Eftate. 
 He was buried in the common Burial- 
 place of the Huguenots in that City, and 
 left for the Heir of his Title, (fbr Eftate 
 he had little or none) 
 
 George Lord Sherburne, then become 
 Earl of Bri/lol: He was born at M^.rld 
 in Spain, and educated in Magdalen Col- 
 lege, Oxford, in Qualify of a Nobleman, 
 where having a great Familiarity with 
 Dr. Peter Heylin. He improved himfclf 
 by his DireQions and Convcrfat-'on in 
 divers Sorts of Learning. In i6;6. King 
 
 Charles 1.
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Charles I. being then at Oxford, he took 
 his Degree of Matter of Arts, being 
 then efteemed a Pcrfon of good Pans, 
 and likely to make a great Sratcfman. 
 He died at Chelfea. in Mlddlefex, March 
 to. i6j6. JEtat. 64. and was buried in 
 the Church there, leaving the Heir of 
 his Honour and Eftate 
 
 John Lord Sherburne, then Earl of En- 
 /?o/. He was twice married, but left no 
 I flue, and fo his Honour became extinct, 
 AS it continued till 
 
 John Harvey Efq; Son of Sir TJiomas 
 Harvey, who was knighted for his Loy- 
 alty to the Royal Caufe, was firft crea- 
 
 ted by Queen Anne Baron of 
 worth, the Place of his Habitation in 
 Suffolk, and by his Majefty King George, 
 Earl of Bnftol. He married IJabeltn t the 
 Daughter and fole Heir of Sir Robert 
 Carr of Sleaford in the County of Lincoln, 
 Baronet, by whom he had Iffue now li- 
 vin ? Carr Lord Harvey, and two Daugh* 
 ters ; and after her Deceafe he again 
 married to Elizabeth, fole Daughter and 
 Heir of Sir Thomas Fetton of PlayforA-HaU 
 in the County of Suffolk, Baronet, by 
 whom he hath had Iffue eight Sons and 
 four Daughters, moft of them living, 
 His Seat is at Ickworth aforefaid. 
 
 This City hath been very fruitful of famous Men, 
 either Natives or Inhabitants, of whom 'tis m- 
 cejjary to Jay fomething. 
 
 TObias Matthews, born in that Part 
 of this City which ftands in 450- 
 merfetjbire : He was educated in Grammar 
 at We Us, and in Academicks in Unher- 
 Jity-Cofoge, Oxford, in which he grew fo 
 famous, for his Learning and excellent 
 Preaching, that he was chofen firft Ca- 
 non of Cbrift- Church, then Prefident of 
 St. Join's College, and at length Dean of 
 Cbrift Church. Camden ftiles him Theolo- 
 gHs prtjtantifftmus, A molt excellent Di- 
 vine, and Campian the Jefuit owns that 
 he did Dominari in concionlbus, Domineer 
 or abfblutely Command in the Pulpit. 
 Being made one of Queen Elizabeth's 
 Chaplains, he was preferred to the 
 Deanery, and then the See of Durham, 
 from which, when he had fat twelve 
 Years, he was tranflatcd to York, where 
 he rul'd till he died March 79. 1628. 
 Having arrived to this great Dignity, at- 
 tended with Wealth, he was mindful of 
 the Place of his Nativity, and as Head 
 of the Church was zealous to promote 
 
 the Good of it, not only in the prefent 
 but future Ages, and to that End ereft- 
 ed a Library in this City, which he 
 well ftored with ufeful Books, for the 
 Ufe of the Clergy both of the City and 
 Country, who for Want of a liberal 
 Maintenance are deftitute of fuch Books 
 as are neceflary for their Reading. 
 
 Hugh Elliot, a Merchant in this City, 
 who in his Age was the Prime Pilot of 
 this Nation : He, with the Affiftance of 
 Mr. Thorn his fellow Citizen, found out 
 Newfoundland in i 527, before any of our 
 other Plantations was difcovered in the 
 Wejl- Indies ; and 'tis thought that if ir 
 had met with a publick Encouragement, 
 perhaps it might have been as beneficial 
 as any other of our Plantations. 
 
 Wttt'iam Grocine, who being bred in 
 Wincbejter-School, became in his Youth a 
 moft excellent Poet. He went over into 
 Italy, where he had "Demetrius Calcbc*- 
 diles, and Politian for his Matters, and 
 afterward returning into Etglami, was 
 
 chofen
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 751 
 
 chofen publick Profeflbr of the Grtek tions, and gave to his poor Relations 
 Tongue in Oxford, Erafmtis in his Epi- 
 
 ftles often owns him for his Patron and 
 Matter, which is a fufficient Honour. 
 He was prefented by the Warden and 
 Society of New-College (where he had 
 been Scholar and Fellow) to the ReSo- 
 ry of Newton Longvile in Euckinghamjhire, 
 but refigncd it upon his being made 
 Maftcr of All-hallows College at Ma'td- 
 ftone in Kent. When Dr. Coltt was Dean 
 of Sr. Paul's, he read in his publick 
 LeGure in that Cathedral, the Book of 
 Dionyfim Areapagita, entitled, Hierarcbia 
 Ecclejiaftica, and in his Preface declaim- 
 ed loudly againft fuch as denied or 
 doubted of the Authority of that Book; 
 but when he had read ir a few Weeks, 
 he altered his Judgment, and prorelted 
 that he did not believe Dionyfim to be 
 the Author of it. He died in 1522. JEt. 
 80. or more. 
 
 John Fowler, by his Occupation a 
 Printer, but fo learned a Man, that he 
 might pafs for a fecond Henry Stepbans, 
 being very well skilled in the Latin and 
 Greek Tongues ; a good Poet, Orator 
 and Divine. He wrote an Abridgment 
 of Aquints s Sums, and translated Qfirittt 
 into Engl/Jb ; but being a zealous Papill, 
 he could not brook the Reformation of 
 Religion made in England, by King Ed- 
 ward VI. and Queen Elizabeth, and fo 
 conveyed himfelf and his Prefs over to 
 Antwerp, where he proved very fervice- 
 able to the Church of Rome, in putting 
 out their Pamphlets, which they printed 
 and fent over into England. He died at 
 Namur, Anno 1579. and lies buried in 
 the Church there. 
 
 Robert Thorn, born in this City, but 
 bred a Merchant Tailor in London, blcf- 
 fed by God not more with a plentiful 
 Eftate than a charitable and bountiful 
 Heart; for he bellowed more than Four 
 thoufand four hundred and forty Pounds 
 to pious Ufes, and among other Things 
 ere&ed a Free-School for the Education 
 cf Youth at but not for- 
 
 getting his poor Kindred (of whom he 
 had many) he ftopped his Hand from 
 farther Proceeding in publick Benefac- 
 
 Five thouland one hundred and forty 
 Pounds, bcfides what he forgave them, 
 in Debts. He died a Bachelor, in the 
 fortieth Year of his Age, Anno 1531. and 
 was buried in St. Chrijtopber's Church, 
 London. 
 
 The Lady Mary Ram fey, the Daugh- 
 ter of William Dale, a Merchant of this 
 City, and born in it : She was married 
 to Sir Thomas Ramfey Grocer, and Lord 
 Mayor of London, and furviving him 
 was left in Pofleflion of a large Eftate, 
 which fhe made ufe of, as purpofing to 
 lay up a Treafure in the Kingdom of 
 Heaven, by the Jargeft and beft Bene- 
 f a 3: ions ; for befides what flic gave to 
 the Poor of the Parim of St. Andrew UK- 
 derfraft, Chrift's Hofpital, towards the 
 Maintenance of the poor Children there; 
 and to cftablifli a free Writing-School 
 for poor Men's Children, for the Sup- 
 port of ten poor Widows in Cbrijl- 
 Cbur<.b Parim for ever; and what fhe 
 j>ave for annual Sermons, ere&ing a 
 Grammar-School in the Country, heal- 
 ing wounded Soldiers, and maintaining 
 maimed ones ; to relieve fome poor 
 Men in Prifon, and releafe others out of 
 it ; for a Stipend for poor Maids Mar- 
 riages, and certain Allowances for the 
 Poor of four Parimes in Faringdon Ward 
 within : She founded two Fellowfhips 
 and four Scholarfhips in Peter-honfe Col- 
 lege, Cambridge, and gave the College 
 two Livings, to be collated upon her 
 Fellows as they became fit to fupply 
 them. Nor did her bounteous Mind 
 towards this College flop here, but fi;c 
 offered to fettle upon it Five hundred 
 Pounds a Year more, upon thefc eafy 
 Terms, That ever after the faid Settle- 
 ment the College (hould be called, The 
 College of St, Peter and Mary. Dr. S*un 
 was then Mailer, to whom the Propofal 
 was made, and being an Humourift, pre- 
 ferred his Jctl before the College's Pro- 
 fit, giving the Lady this Anfwer, Time 
 Peter had lived fo long fingle, that he 
 was too old to have a feminine Partner ; 
 but he might have confidcrcd better and 
 done it, bccauic St. feter is the only 
 
 narnciA
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 75*. 
 
 married Apoftle that we read of; for and is famous for his Difcovcrjr of the 
 then the College would have (eemed de- Capfula communls, vena cava, and the 
 dicated to St. Peter and his Wife. How- Porto, & vena fettea, and difcharging the 
 ever, this Denial did not difcourage the 
 Lady's Bounty, fhe found Objefts e- 
 nough elfewhere. 
 Thomas White. 
 
 Do&or of Divinity, 
 
 Liver of Sanguification. He died much 
 lamented in St. Bridget's Parifli, London. 
 Anno 1677. 
 
 William Child, Dr. of Mufick. He be- 
 
 born in this City, and bred in Oxford, ing Chantor of the King's Chapel, ob- 
 being Vicar of St. Dunjian's, and there- tained a Licence to proceed Dr. of Mu- 
 fick at Oxford, which Degree he com- 
 pleared in an Aft celebrated in St. Mary's 
 Church, y(y 13. 1663. He was educa- 
 ted in the mufical Praxis under one El- 
 way Bevan, the famous Compofer and 
 
 by grown rich, was a great Benefa&or 
 to the City of London; for befides what 
 he gave to Chrijl-Church Hofpital, and 
 to St. Paul's for a Le&ure, he lent a 
 Thoufan4 Pounds, without Ufe, for ma- 
 ny Years, to the Company of Merchant 
 
 Organift of the Cathedral of Briftol. He 
 
 Tailors, of which he was free in his Life- afcerwards fucceedcd Dr. John Mundy in 
 time, and by his Will at his Death left one of the Organifts Places belonging 
 
 Three thoufand Pounds for the Building 
 of Sion College, for the Ufe of the Cler- 
 gy of the City, and Alms-houfes for 
 twenty poor People, borh Men and Wo- 
 men an equal Number; and to the Col- 
 lege chiefly for the Maintenance of the 
 faid Poor, he gave an Hundred and fix- 
 ty Pounds per Annum, of which, One 
 hundred and twenty to be divided a- 
 mong the Alms-People yearly, equaljy 
 6 I. a-piece, and the other forty Pounds 
 he ordered to be expended yearly for 
 
 to his Majefty's Chapel of St. George at 
 Windfor, and at length became one of 
 the Organifts of his Majefty's Chapel at 
 Whitehall, and of the private Mufick to 
 Charles II. He hath divers Compofures 
 of Tunes to Pfalms, Catches Rounds, 
 Canons, and Divine Hymns. He was 
 alive in 1692. 
 
 J-tmes Alban GMes, defcended of his 
 Father William Gibbes, a Native of this 
 City of Erijiol : He had his Academical 
 Learning at St. Omers, being a Papift, 
 
 four Dinners for the Clergy, Fellows of but afterwards travelling into Germany, 
 it, who are to meet every Quarter, and " ' 
 having four Latin Sermons preached be- 
 fore them, upon the Days of their 
 Meeting, dine together in the College. 
 He alfo built another Alms-houfe in this 
 City, which 'tis faid is better endowed. 
 This good Dr. died Anno Domini 1623. 
 
 Dr. Francis Gli/on, defcended of Wal- 
 ter Gliffon of this City, was educated in 
 Caius's College, Cambridge, where having 
 taken his Degree of Mafter of Arts, he 
 afterwards became fo eminent a Phyfi- 
 cian, that he made the King's Profef- 
 for of that Faculty in that University, 
 
 Spain, Italy, the Low Countries, &c. be- 
 came a very compleat Scholar, inlb- 
 much that he was made Lefturer of 
 Rhetorick at Rome by Pope Alexander 
 VII. in the School of Sapienta at Rome, 
 and not long after had a Canonry of 
 St. Celfus given him by the fame Pope, 
 who having publiflied a Book of Verfes, 
 our Gibbs had a Copy of Verfes -fee be- 
 fore them. This dilcover'd our Gibbs's 
 Poctick Genius, which caufed him foon 
 to be fo much admired, that Leopold the 
 Emperor, in 1667, did conftitute and 
 create him his Poet Laurcat, giving him 
 
 and afterwards Fellow of the College of at the fame Time a Gold Chain, with a 
 
 Phyficians, and Anatomy Reader in the 
 fame College 1639. He pra&ifed Phy- 
 fick in the Time of the Rebellion at 
 Colthejler in Effex, and was prcfent at the 
 Siege. He was at length chofcn Prefi- 
 dent of the faid College. He hath wrote 
 feveral Books in the Way of his Art, 
 2 
 
 Medal hanging thereunto, to be always 
 worn by him, efpecially at iblemn 
 Times and in publick Places ; which 
 great Honour being made known to 
 Pope Clement IX. he was admitted into 
 his Prefcnce, kifled his Foot, and was 
 congratulated by him, in Regard to 
 
 which
 
 SO MER S E? S HIRE. 
 
 753 
 
 which Favour, he dedicated his firft 
 Volume of Poems to that Pope. He fent 
 his Gold Chain and Medal in 1670, to 
 the Univerftty of Oxford, to be kept in 
 their Archives, as a Tcftimony of his 
 Refpeft for that fountain of Learning. 
 He died in 1677. lEtat. 66. and was bu- 
 ried at Rome in the Church of St. Maria 
 Rotunda. 
 
 A Mile from this City, clofe under 
 the high Rocks, that call a gloomy 
 Shade over the River, ftands the hot 
 Well, which hath of late been pretty 
 much frequented ; which hath occaiion- 
 ed the Building of feveral Houfes for 
 Lodging thofc that come to ufe the Wa- 
 ters, as near the Wells as the Rocks 
 will admit ; and at a little Diftance up- 
 on a rifing Ground, a moft noble long 
 Room, confiderably larger than that at 
 Bath, from whence there is a pleafant 
 View of the River beneath. 
 
 AJlon, commonly called Long AJlon, 
 but in antient Records Efton, jitxta Bri- 
 flol, the Lordmip and Eftate of Gilbert, 
 furnamed the Red, Earl of Clare, Glo- 
 cefler and Hertford. This Nobleman be- 
 ing ambitious of Marrying into the 
 Royal Family, obtained King Edward I.' s 
 fecond Daughter, Joan, called, from the 
 Place of her Nativity in the Holy 
 Land, where her Father and Mother 
 were when flie was born, Aeon or Acre, 
 the old Ptolemais, Joan of Acres. In Or- 
 der to this Marriage, he was obliged to 
 furrender all his Caftles and Manors, as 
 well in England as Wales, into King Ed- 
 ward's Hands, to be difpofed of at his ' 
 Pleafure, among which Manors this of 
 Ajlon was one ; whereupon the Sheriff of 
 this County, 'Richard de Bxrghunt, had 
 Order to feixe it for the King, and then 
 the faid Joan was married to him upon 
 the laft Day of April, in the 1 8th Year 
 of that King's Reign. "The Nuptials 
 being thus compleated, the King refto- 
 red his Lands to him again; 'buf they 
 were entailed, viz- To hirri the faid 
 Earl and Joan his Countefs, 'cKrring 
 their Lives, and the Survivor of them ; 
 and from and after their Deceafc ; to the 
 
 I flue of his Body by the faid Lady Joan* 
 and in Default thereof to the Heirs and 
 Afligns of her, in cafe Ihe fhould fur- 
 vive him. 
 
 Barrow or Barewe, the Lordmip and 
 Eftate of John ap Adam, 26 Edward I. 
 which came to him by his Marriage of 
 Elizabeth, the Daughter and Heir of 
 John de Gttrnai. He procured a Grant 
 for a free Warren in his demcfne Lands 
 here, as foon as it came to him upon 
 the Death of Oltva t the Mother of his 
 Wife Elizabeth. 
 
 Bedminfter, anciently the chief Town 
 in this Hundred, as is generally conjec- 
 tured by its giving Name to it. It was 
 antiently the Lordfhip and Eftate of the 
 Lords Berkley, and continued in that Fa- 
 mily divers Succeflions, in which it was 
 in Part or Whole difpofed of by them 
 after various Manners ; for Lucia, the 
 Relit of Robert Lord Berkley, 4 Henry III. 
 had an Afiignation of this, and fome o- 
 ther Manors in this County, for her pre- 
 lent Support, until the Heir of the laid 
 Robert, her late Husband, mould have 
 Livery of the Lands of his lnhcritance 
 and fne her reafonable Dower, which 
 we do not find was done by Thomas Lord 
 Berkley his Brother and Heir ; and fo we 
 fuppofe was held by her during Life: 
 Maurice Lord Berkley fuccceded his Fa- 
 ther Thomas above-mentioned, and be- 
 ing a Perfbn that encouraged the Mo- 
 naftick Life, gave divers Lands to feve- 
 ral Monafteries, and among others, 
 gave, for the Health of his own and Wife 
 Mary's Souls to the Monaftery of Bland- 
 land in Cae'rmartbenjlrire in Wales, a Wa- 
 ter-mill with certain Lands in this 
 Town. The Manor ftill remained in 
 this Family, and Maurice the 4th Lord 
 Berkley died pqfTefled of if, with other 
 Lordfhips in^this County 42 Edward III. 
 as did alfo Thomas his Son, 5 Henry V. 
 James Lord Berkley, Coufin and Heir . 
 Male to the faidTLord Thomas, fucceed- 
 ed him in his" Honour and. Eftate. He 
 met with great Opposition from the Earl 
 of Warwick, who had married one of the 
 Daughters of TJiomas Lord Berkley, upon, 
 the Account of the ,0ath of Jubn Bone,. 
 C c c c c Vicar
 
 754 
 
 SOMERSEfSHIR E. 
 
 Vicar of Berkley, who depofed before 
 the Mayor of Brifiol, that {he faid Lord 
 Thomas, being fcnt into Britany with 
 a Regiment of Men at Arms, and Ar- 
 chers, to condut the Queen into Eng- 
 land, did enfeoff him and others with 
 this Manor of Bedminjler, and feveral 
 other Eitates to hold in Fee, without 
 Any Condition, which mightily encou- 
 raged the Earl of War-wuk to poflefs 
 himfelf of them; but this James finding, 
 that unlefs he could overmatch the Po- 
 tency of that Eerl, by the Power of 
 ibme greater Perfbn, he fliould be in 
 Danger to lo.fe all, applied himfelf to 
 Humphrey Duke of Ghcefter, the King's 
 Brother, promising him a Thoufand 
 -Mark.s within a Year and ah Half after 
 he had Livery of his Eitate, which he 
 loon after, by the Duke's Means, ob- 
 .tained ; and having paid his Relief as a 
 'Baron, had fummons to Parliament : 
 Kow long this Manor continued in the 
 Berkleys, after this we find no Mention; 
 but obferve, that in the Reign of King 
 JlexryVI. it was inx'efted in the Dukes 
 of Somerfet, Edrrttind and Henry- fuccef- 
 iively; but they ftanding up for the 
 Lancajlrian Succcffion, were both at- 
 tainted by the firft Parliament of King 
 Edward IV. and their Eftate being feized 
 into that King's Hands, was given by 
 him to hi* Brother..Rri!?/m/ Duke of G/p- 
 tefler (afterwards King Richard III.) and 
 fo pafl'ed to the Crpwn. . 
 
 Nailefay or Nailfle, a. fmall Village, 
 famous for nothing but being the Ha- 
 bitation of Richard Cole Ef<j; when 'he 
 was High Sheriff of this County, 22 
 Car. I. 
 
 Ratdiff'Jlreet, a Parifh in the Suburbs 
 
 of Briftol, in the Road from that Cif y 
 
 to Bedmirifler, reckoned indeed iu part pf 
 
 . Brijlolt and enjdying t the Privileges and 
 
 Freedom of it, but -belonging to the 
 
 Manor of Bedminfler, of which the Lords 
 
 Serkky, i&c. were Lords, as they were 
 
 of Bedminfler, as appears above. The 
 
 Church, which is accounted the fincft 
 
 k in Brilol, is described there. 
 
 VI. The Hundred of BEMPSTONE. 
 
 This Hundred bears the Name of 
 Bempjlojie in our Maps, but in our Re- 
 cords it is called Erenipjlone, taking its 
 Name from the Town 16 called 'Bremp- 
 Jtone, the chief Place in this Hundred ; 
 when England was divided into Hun- 
 dreds, for the more regular Govern- 
 ment of it. It is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundred of Wells, on the South 
 with the Hundred of Wbitklgf^ frotn 
 
 which it is ^parted by the. River 
 
 on the Welt by the Hundred of Brent* 
 and on the North by the Hundred of 
 Wmterjtolie. The Fee of this Hundred 
 we fuppofc to be in the Crown, and un- 
 der the Government of the Sheriff. We 
 find no Market -Town in this Hundred, 
 and fliall therefore begin with 
 
 Brempten, the chief Village, but fa- 
 mous only for being the Seat and Eftate 
 in thefe laft Centuries of the Family of 
 SydenlantS) of whom John Cydenham Efq; 
 of this Place, whofe Arms are Argent, 
 3 -Rams Sable, was High Sheriff of this 
 County in the fifteenth Year of Qticen 
 Elizabeth, George Sydenbam Efq; the nine- 
 teenth, and Nicholas SydenMm Efy the 
 . twenty;- feventh. Sir John Sydenham, a 
 Defcendant of this Family, and inhabit- 
 ing this Place, was created Baronet 
 17 Car. I. and being a Pcrlbn of Repu- 
 tation f nd 'E'ftate, had the Honour to 
 .marry Elizabeth, the elde'ft Daughter of 
 jfahn Lord Pawlet of Hinton St. George; 
 Humphrey Sydenbam ,th&t elegant Preacher 
 in his Time, who was called filver- 
 tongued Sydenham,, was of this Family, 
 and probably Sir fihn's Uncle, whbTe 
 Guardian- (he being then Jn his Minori- 
 ty) gave' him the Reftory of Odcombe in 
 this Cpuruy in ii544, ; but he was loon 
 outed of it with' hi$ other Preferments 
 by the Parliament Commiflibners. "He 
 hath cb'vers Sermons in Print, and''a- 
 mong them is one preached at 'the In- 
 terment of Sir Join Sydenham 'K.nt. the 
 Father of Sir John the Baronet, at 'this 
 flace, Decemb. 15. 1^25. He died in 
 and is luppofed' to be' buri'id at 
 Eufaerton,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 75 * 
 
 where he was born, with bis fion; and 'tis probable none in thole 
 Parents. Monkifli Times would defraud her of it- 
 
 Brentknol and Brentmarjh, the one a Braine or Breene, the Eftate of Peter 
 little Town, which the Monks of Gl.af- Lord Grandifon, who married Stanch, 
 fenbury interpreted, a little Hill of Frogs, one of the Daughters of Roger Mortimer 
 the other a lp.a,cious fenny Trat fur- Earl of March, and died poflefled of it 
 rounding it, interpreted by the fiu'd ;z Edward III. leaving John de Grandifon 
 Monks, a Country of Frogs- This.^Vil- Bifhop of Exeter t his Brother and Heir, 
 lage derives fome Reputation to it from 
 Adam d# Marjfco or Ad&m of the Msirfi), 
 who was moft probably born here, tho' 
 there are other Parts of this County 
 marfliy, but none fo famous as this. It 
 fcems that a foggy Air is not always an 
 Hindrance of a refined Wit, this Pcrfon 
 even from his Infancy and Youth being 
 fo full of Pregnancy. Having paljcxj 
 thro' the Rudiments of Learning, he 
 afterwards went to Oxford, where he be- 
 came a Do&or of Divinity, when he 
 kept up his former Reputation for a 
 proportionable Excpllency in all Sorts 
 of Learning, but efpecially Divinity. 
 Robert Grofibead, Biihop of Lincoln at that 
 Time, a Pprfon as eminently knowing 
 as pious, fingled him out of the Oxford 
 Divines to make ufe of hjs Skill and 
 Pains in perufing and comparing the 
 Scripture together with himfelf. He be- 
 came afterward a Franclfcan Friar at 
 Worcefter, and furnished the Library 
 there with many rare Manufcripts ; the 
 Monafteries in England then beginning 
 to vie with one another, which of them 
 fljipuld have Plenty of the bcft Books. 
 He flouriflied Anno Dom. 1257, and had 
 that Intereft, as to be a Competitor with 
 
 Wnop Of Exeter, 
 
 Sixty Years of* Age- This Biihop ha- 
 ying heaped 'up "great Riches before, 
 and at this Time having it enci'eafed by 
 his Parent! Eftate, was as bountiful in 
 expenfiye'Benefaftions in repairing and 
 adorning his Cathedral, arid building i 
 College for Monks at St. Mary Otery % 
 which he liberally endowed, infomuch 
 that at the Diffplutipn it was valued at 
 above 300 /. a Year. He died in 1369. 
 
 Burnham, the Manor and 'Eftate of 
 Jdbn ds' Tregc?,, whole Daughter and 
 Coheir, Sybil!,' marrying to Wifllam de 
 Grandifon, brought this Lordfhip 'into 
 his Family, but two Parts of it only 
 were enjoyed by Wittl.im Lord Grandlfon, 
 the Father of the fore-mentioned Peter 
 Lord Grandifon, who 'tis probable inhe- 
 rited the other third Part of this Ma- 
 nor, becaufe he died pottefled of it 32 
 Edward III. and left it to his Brother 
 and Heir jfopn' 3e Grantifon Biffrop of 
 Exeter, as he did Breene, &c. 
 
 Gedney-moor, or as others will have it 
 Go3ney-n;cor, which they fay imports as 
 much as Ged's Ifland, and was given to 
 Jofefi of Arhnatbfa, when he buift Glaf- 
 fonbury Abbey. 
 
 More, the Lordmip of Simon de 
 
 Hugo de Balaam for the Bilhoprick of tecute obtained of King Edward I. Reg 
 
 Ely, but loft it, to the great Advantage 
 ol the Univerfity of Cambridge, for he 
 proved the Founder of Peter-tyufe College 
 there. It is probable, Adam might have 
 been as beneficent to fome Place or o- 
 thex, but then Oxford ftood faireft for his 
 Favour. His Death is unknown. 
 
 Alferfcn or Alrlngton the Manor and E- 
 ftate Qt-*?ofo de Burgh Earl of Kent, who 
 died poCfefled of it, 8 Edward I. leaving 
 MTqe three Daughters and Heirs, Hawyfe t 
 Der-wrglM and Margery, a Nun of ' 
 
 1 8. with Remainders to William and 
 Simon his Sons, and the Heirs of their 
 Bodies. 
 
 Netherwere, the Lordfliip and Eftate 
 O.f Anfelm Je Gurnai, who having been 
 with King Edward III. in his S^'t'fi 
 Wars, obtained a Grunt of that K \ :-.-/., 
 that himlelf and all his Burghers of this 
 Town ftipuld be free from the Payment 
 of any Cuftoms throughout the whole 
 Realm of England, and 'alfo that they 
 Should ehjoy^all Privileges ar.d Liber- 
 
 fand in Bedfordshire, to which laft this ties granted to Maurice de G.uint his An- 
 feeais tp Jb^ve feM ift the Divi- ce^or by King Uenn I. This Manor or 
 
 C c c cc a 
 
 thi*
 
 75* 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 this Privilege Anfelm de Gournai left to 
 his Son John, who having no Iflue Male, 
 Elizabeth his Daughter was his fole Heir. 
 She married John ap Adam, who being 
 come into Pofleilion of it with her other 
 Eftates obtained 16 Edward I. upon the 
 Death of Ollva her Mother, a Charter 
 tor a weekly Market upon Wcdnefday, 
 at this his Manor of Netherwere, and a 
 Fair once every Year upon the Eve and 
 Feftival of the Aflumption of our Lady, 
 Augujl 15. The Market is not ufed, 
 but we are uncertain as to the Fair, it 
 being common through the Nation to 
 have Fairs in many Places, where there 
 is no Market. 
 
 Weadmore, a Village of King Alfred's, 
 V/hich he gave by his Laft Will to his 
 Son Edward, who fucceeded him, and 
 is in our Hiftories ftilcd Edward the 
 Eider. 
 
 VII. The Hundred" of BRENT. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundred of Bempftone, on the 
 South with the fame Hundred, on the 
 Weft with the Brijlol Channel, and on 
 the North with the Hundred of Winter- 
 Jlake, from which it is parted by a fmall 
 Rivulet. The Fee of this Hundred is 
 in the King, and under the Govern- 
 ment of the Sheriff. There is a fmall 
 Part of this Hundred which lies at 
 feme Diftance from the main Body of it 
 within the Hundred of Bedminfler and 
 Winterftoke, in which is the chief Town 
 of this Hundred, viz* 
 
 Wrinton or Wrlton, as it is in our Vll- 
 lare, a Market-Town, whofe Market is 
 weekly on Tuefday,- and Fair* 
 Lapis Calamlnarh or Calamlne, is dig- 
 ged and prepared near this Town. It is 
 found fomettmes in Meadows and ibme- 
 times in arable and pafture Ground, but 
 moft commonly in barren and rocky 
 Grounds, but always upon or near Hills, 
 for the Groovers (as they are called 
 that feek for it and dig it) cxpcft none 
 but in thofe Grounds, that have a Com- 
 munication with Hills. The Earth where 
 it lies is yellow or black, and the Cala- 
 mine it fclf is white, rcddifla, grcyiih or 
 
 blackim, which laft is counted the beft. 
 Some Eyes of Lead are always found 
 among the Calamlne. In old Works 
 fometimes Damps arife, but never in 
 new. How it is prepared for Sale, fee 
 Lo<Wth. Phil. Tranf.V. 2. 554, 555. 
 
 Brent South, one of thole feveral Ma- 
 nors in this County, which John Lord* 
 Howard, a fteady Champion for the 
 Houfe of Tork, in the Wars with the 
 Lancajtrians, obtained of King Richard III. 
 by Grant entail, to hold by the fame 
 Services which they had been held be- 
 fore they came to the Crown ; which 
 fuppofeth, that they were forfeited E- 
 ftates of the Lancaftrlant. This Lord 
 was flain with King Richard in Bofworth- 
 feld. One Robert de Brent , who we fup- 
 pofe was Lord of this Town, was Knight 
 of this Shire 16 'Edward, I. 
 
 VIII. The Hundred of BRUTON. 
 
 This Hundred borders on the Eaft up- 
 on Wiltflire, on the South upon the 
 Hundred of Norton- ferris, on the Weft 
 upon the Hundred of Whiflon, and oh the 
 North on the Hundred of Frame. The 
 Fee is in the Crown, and it is governed 
 by the Sheriff. The chief Town is 
 
 Brttton, which gives Name to the Hun- 
 dred, and hath its Market weekly on 
 Saturday, and Fair yearly on April 23. 
 St. George's Day. It takes its Name from 
 its Situation upon the River Brew or 
 Brtiis, and fo imports Brews-town. 'It 
 hath a fair Church, a good Free-School, 
 and a (lately Alms-houfe, and drives a 
 great Trade in Serges and Stockings* 
 The Manor was one of thofe Lord/hips 
 which William the Conqueror beftowed on 
 Sir William de Mobun the Elder, for ac- 
 companying him in his famous Adven- 
 ture into England to obtain the Crown. 
 He was an expert Commander in his 
 Army, and carrying with him a Retinue 
 of no lefs than Forty-leven ftout Knights, 
 Allof Name and Note, obtained as his 
 Reward, bcfides fomc in Wiltjhire and 
 Devon, Fifty-five Manors in this County. 
 He was buried in the Priory of Bath t 
 leaving his Son Witt'mm for his Heir. 
 He had Iflue another,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 757 
 
 William, who fuccceded upon his Fa- King Charles II. throughout the whole 
 
 ther and Grandfather's Inheritance. He Time of his greateft Diftrefles in fo- 
 
 founded a Priory in this Town of Bru- reign Parts, both by his pcrfonal Atten- 
 
 ton, and endowed it with the Manor of dance on him and many other Ways; as 
 
 it. He was buried in his Monaftery alfo his Royal Highnefs the Duke of 
 
 here, leaving his Eftate to his Son Wll- fork, in the Wars of Frame and the Ne- 
 
 liam, furnamed jMefibyn. He confirmed tlerlands, being then Lord Berkley of 
 
 all his Father's Settlements on this Prio- Ratbdotvn, and Vifcount Fitzbarding in 
 
 ry of Braton, who was likewife there in- Ireland, was by Rcafon of fuch his Scr- 
 
 terred, and left his Son Reginald for his vices, and his Defcent in Blood from 
 
 Heir, who acquiefced in the former the antient Lords Botetort, by Letters 
 
 Grant of this Manor. Patent, dated March 17. 16 Charles II. 
 
 This Town is further of Note, for be- 1664. advanced to the Degree of a Ba- 
 ing the Seat of Sir John and Sir Charles ron of the Realm, by the Title of Lord 
 Berkley. The former of thefe, Sir John Botetort of Langport, as allb to the Dig- 
 Berkley (who was defcended of the noble nity of an Earl by the Title of Earl of 
 and antient Barons Berkley of Berkley- Falmouth in Carnival, and to the Heirs 
 Cajile) was Governor to his Royal High- Male of his Body. He was (lain in the 
 nefs James Duke of York, whofe Affairs Sea-Fight with the Dutch in 1665, and 
 he managed prudently, approved his buried in We flminjter- Abbey, leaving on- 
 Loyalty to King Charles I. in a very ly a Daughter named Elizabeth. 
 high Meafure, i. By putting himfelf in Upon the fctting up an Organ in this 
 Arms in the Beginning of the Rebellion. Parifh-Church (which is a fair One, as 
 a* By his hazardous Adventure in bring- is above-mentioned) Mr. Humphrey ty- 
 ing Supplies of Arms and Ammunition detiham, the famous Preacher of thofe 
 out of Holland for his Majefty's Service Times, irade a Sermon upon P/r/. 50. j. 
 in 1642, with which he landed fafely Praije him upon the <weli: tuned Cymbals ; 
 in Holdernefs in Yorkshire. 5. By his war- after the Dedication of it : It is among 
 like Enterprizes for that King; for be- a Set of Sermons preached by him up- 
 ing made General of his Majefty's on folemn Occafions, and printed at 
 Forces in Cornwal, and joining there London 1637, all wonderfully cried up 
 with Sir Ralph Hopton Knt. (afterwards 
 
 Lord Hopton) he obtained divers Vi&o- 
 ries againft the Rebels in thofe weftern 
 Counties in the Battels at Stratton, 
 Mo$nry, GPC. reduced Exeter to the 
 King's Obedience, andrepulfed the Re- 
 bels Fleet under the Command of the 
 Earl of War-wick at Topjham, taking 
 three of their Ships in that Harbour. 
 In Consideration of thefe great and good 
 Services, he was by Letters Patents da- 
 ted at Eruffeh in Brabant, May 19. 1658, 
 
 in thofe Times. In the Church are 
 fbme noble Tombs for thcMohnns. 
 
 Almesford, the ; Manor and Eftate of 
 William Lord Zombe and St. Maur, of 
 which he died pofleflcd 8 Edward IV. 
 leaving it and other great Eftates to 
 his Son John, then but eight Years old ; 
 but being grown up, he took Part with 
 King Richard III.. and fought for. him* in 
 Bcfworth-feld, for which, being attaint- 
 ed by Parliament I Henry VII. his whole 
 Eftate was forfeited to the Crown. He 
 
 advanced "to the Dignity of a Baron of was afterward reftored in Blood, and 
 
 this Realm, by the Title of the Lord 
 Berkley of Stratton, and was afterward, 
 
 had Livery of his Mother's Inheritance, 
 of which we are not certain, that this 
 It is an Hamlet 
 
 Burham or Bniham, a Village fituared 
 
 in 1670, conftituted Lord Lieutenant of Manor wa any Parr 
 Ireland, which Office he executed three of CaJlle-Cary, 
 Years. 
 
 2. Sir Charles Berkley, Treafurer of upon the faid River Brew, and taking 
 his Majefty's Houlhold, whofe Son its Name from it, Brewham fignifying a 
 
 This Manor paf- 
 fed 
 
 Berkley having faithfully fervcd Village o the Brew.
 
 758 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 fed all along with Britton after it was gi- 
 ven Sir W'iV.'iam Mobun by the Conque- 
 ror; for when William the Third had 
 built a Monafrery at Bmton, he fettled 
 this Manor of Brvbam with that of Bru- 
 
 Chief Juftice of the King's Bench. He 
 fate Thirteen Years in that Place, and 
 lived and died in the King's Favour. 
 He was one of the' Aififtants, when Sir 
 Thomas Adore was arraigned for refufing 
 
 n on it, and his Son William confirmed the Oath of Supremacy ; and being ask- 
 
 hjs Father's Grant of it. 
 
 ed by the Lord Chancellor Audley, who 
 
 Colle was another Manor belonging to was the fupream Judge for that Time, 
 tbc fore-menrion'd William Lord Zoucbe whether the Indictment were fufficienr, 
 and S.Mavr, of which he died poflefied or no ? The Judge anfwered, my Lord* 
 
 all, by St. Gillian, I mull needs confefs,, 
 That if the Aft of Parliament be no.c 
 unlawful, the Indiftment in my Gon- 
 fcicnce is not infurKcient. He was a 
 skilful Lawyer and juft Judge, his Re- 
 Iblution being neither to deny, defer, 
 nor fell Law, in which he was fb ftri& 
 that he turned away his chief Clerk for 
 
 and left to his Son J-obn, of whom we 
 Find no more tp our Purpofe, than is 
 already faid in Almesford above. 
 
 Handefpene or Hetcbpen, the Manor and 
 Eftate of the aforelaid William Lord 
 Zoucbe and S- Maur, which defcended, 
 and was forfeited as Brnton, as was 
 ftifo 
 
 Hpnywybe, and both Hamlers of Cajlle- 
 Cary. 
 
 Melton, JMeleton, or Mylton, the Ma- 
 nor and Eftate of Roger Lord Mortimer, 
 who departed this Life 10 Edward I. 
 his Lady Maud, the Daughter and Co- 
 heir ol WiUiam de Braofe of Brecknock 
 furviving him. She had for her Dower 
 this Manor of Melton, and upon the 
 Marriage of her younger Son Sir William 
 Mortimer, with Hawyfe the Heir of Ro- 
 bert de Mufcegros, enfeoffed him with 
 two Parts o/ this Manor, 
 out IflTue, and left 
 
 taking a Preient for his Service 
 
 in , 
 
 long Caufe, after it was over, becaufe 
 there appeared fomething of Corrup- 
 tion in it. He knew his Friends at his 
 Houfe, but not on the Bench, and faid 
 when he gave a Caufe againlt the King, 
 That he did the King Right in doing 
 Juftice. The fame Day Sir Thomaf 
 More had no Caufe to try in Chancery, 
 He had but Three in the King's Bench, 
 fo expeditious was he in dispatching 
 Caufes. He died in the Thirtieth Year 
 He died wirh- of King Henry VIII. and tho* there be 
 I Lord Morti- none of his Family now living at Red- 
 
 tner of Wigmove, his Brother and Heir, lincb, they flourish at Leivfon in Dorfet- 
 From this Family this Lprdfhip pafled Jbire, being defcended from Alured Fttx.- 
 in the Reign of King Henry V. into the fames, Brother of this Judge, and Rj- 
 Family of Johv Lord Tiptoft, who died chard Fitz-jpamei Bifhop of London. 
 
 poffefled of it 2.1 Henry VI. and left it 
 to his Son John Lord Tiptoft, who was 
 advanced by the fame King, Reg. 27. to 
 the Title of Earl oiWorcejlcr. 
 
 fidromte., another of the Manors of 
 William Lord Zcucb and S- Maur t which 
 defcended to his Pofterity, and was for- 
 feited, as Almesford Colle, 
 
 Selwood, that is, as After interprets it, 
 a great Wood, the Britain* call it Coit- 
 tnaur. This Wood fpreads itfelf a long 
 Way both in Length and Breadth, be- 
 ginning near Frame Selivood in Frowe, 
 Hundred, and reaching in Length to Brit- 
 ham in this Hundrqd, which is about 15 
 Miles, and extending in Breadth about 
 
 a fmall Village, but fuffi- Six. It is thick-fet with Trees, and 
 ciently Famous for being the Birth- from it (as Etbelward tells us) the neigh- 
 place of Sir John Fitt-fames, who ha- bowing Country is called Selwcodfoire 
 ying b^en bred in the Study of the Com- (his Words are Sealriap&Tcype, Epif- 
 JT\Qn L.a.w in the Temple, proved fo copatus Scireburnevps, the Bifliopricjc of 
 ^refttg Proficient in it, that King Hen- Sbirbum}. The Fee-fimple of this Fo- 
 y the Eighth, who riever preferred reft of Selwod was, in the Reigp of King 
 jDpnce or Drone, advanced him to be Bflrflll. in Re&ttaM Lord ,&bba0t <J 
 4 Mere-
 
 S M E R S E 
 
 froni whom it descended to 
 his Po&erify, tiJl John tie CoUuu)i made 
 King Edward III. Heir to all his Lands 
 and Ellates, by which Means it came to 
 the Crown, and from that Time was 
 made an Office for Noblemen to keep 
 and preferve it. Thus Edmund Lord 
 Ferrers of Cbartley had the Office of Wood- 
 ward in the Foreft of Selwooa 1 , and John 
 Fitz-alan Earl of Arundel held the Baili- 
 wick cf the Foreft of Sekvood, and died 
 feized of it with his other Eftatcs, and 
 lefc it to John his Son and Heir ; but 
 who has it now we know not. 
 
 tVyke, the Manor and Eftate of Ro- 
 bert Lord Poiningi, who being in the 
 Wars of Fran, e with J-ohn Duke of Bed- 
 ford 2 Henry VI. was with him in feveral 
 Battels, which proved vi&orious, but 
 was at length flain at the Siege of Or- 
 leans 15 Henry VI. leaving Eleanor the 
 Wife of Sir Henvy Piercy Knt. his Cou- 
 fin and next Heir, who carried this Ma- 
 nor, with all his Caftlcs, Lordfliips and 
 .Lands into his Family, afterwards Earls 
 
 of Northumberland. 
 
 Yarlington, the Lordihip of Margaret 
 Countefs of Salisbury, who by a Cove- 
 nant made with Edward Lord Stafford, 
 Duke of Buckingham, fettled it and fome 
 other Manors upon Henry StAff(#d his 
 Son, in order to a Marriage with Urfida 
 Peel, Daughter of that Countefs, by Sir 
 Riabard Peol, her Husband. It came to 
 the Crown in King Henry VIII.'s Reign, 
 who jointured his Queen (and lafi Wife) 
 in it ; but after her Deceafe it was..gi- 
 ven to die Marquefs of Northampton, 
 with Tome other Rover/ions. 
 
 IX. The Hundred of BULSTONE. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the 
 with the Hundred of Pitney, which is 
 parted from it by the Parr-et River, on 
 the South with the Hundred of ^Abdkt, 
 on the Weft with the Hundred of Saner- 
 
 SHIRE. 759 
 
 twentieth Year of that King's Reign, 
 left it with the reft of his Eitate and 
 Honour to his Coufin and next Heir 
 Sir J-ohn Montacuie Knt. He came to this 
 Honour juft upon the Depofal of King 
 Richard II. (to whom he had been moft 
 obfequious) yet upon the Settlement ojf 
 King Henry IV. upon the Throne, he 
 had fo much Relpet from him, that he 
 feemed in no Danger of Life ojr Trou- 
 ble ; but King Richard having been fo 
 very kind and fa.voura.ble, while he .was 
 King, to him, he could not patiently 
 bear with his Succeflbr's Eftablilhmenr, 
 and thereupon confederated with the 
 Earls of Hunttngton and Kent, to take a- 
 way his Life ; and for that End went 
 with them to Windfor.Cftftle upon Ne-iv~ 
 Year's ZXty, under the Difeuife of Chrifl- 
 mas Players, with a Defign to murder 
 Hevry and his Sons, and reftore King 
 Richard: But the Plot being difcovcred 
 before Execution, they fle_d to Cirev- 
 cefier, where, in a Fight with the Townf- 
 raen they were taken and flain. His E- 
 
 ftate being thus forfeited, Kjng tLenry 
 gave this Hundred, with feveral Lord- 
 Ihips, late that EsrlV, to J-obn de Beau- 
 fort, Marqucis of Derfet and Swuerfe.t t 
 who died poflefled of it, and left it to 
 his Son Henry, who alfo 4y? n m ^^ s Mi- 
 nority, left it to his Brother John ; bye 
 whofe it is now, we .are not informed. 
 This HiHldred iias jio Market Town in 
 it : The Villages are 
 
 Cory-Rivel, the Manor oftd Eftate of 
 Richard Revel, a.Perlbn of great Note yi 
 Xhefe \yeftern Parts, in the Reign of 
 .Rifbard I. from whom it took the planje 
 of. Curri-revel. By his cnjy Daughter 
 and Heir Sabina it paiTed to Hf*y 
 L'Orti, and Ws Pofterity, from whom 
 by the Heirs. Genergl it. puffed toother 
 Families, and at.Jengh became the E- 
 ftate of WMflm.Maiiflnute^ Earl ofSaJif- 
 bury, of which he .died pofiefled 20 
 Richard II. leaving it, as he .did the 
 
 ion, and on the North with the Hundred Hundred, >o his Coufin and next Hcic 
 of Whitleitb. The Fee. of this Hundred Sir Jzhn Mordcuttfe^ \yho having forfeit- 
 was in the Reign of King Ricbard.ll. 
 the Eitate of William Moniacute Earl of 
 
 without- Itfuean the 
 
 ed if by .his Treafon, it 
 Marquefs of X)*r 
 
 gitan to the
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Criket, the Lordfliip of Hugh Courtney, 
 the third Earl of Devonfrire of that 
 Name, who dying without Iflue, 4z Ed- 
 ward III. left it to be divided with o- 
 ther great Eftates between his two Sif- 
 ters and Heirs, Margaret, then a (ingle 
 Woman, and Muriel, then married to 
 John Dynham Efq; whofe Family inhe- 
 rited it ; but to which of them this Ma- 
 nor fell upon the Dwfion, it doth not 
 to us appear. 
 
 Sir Amias Prejlon Knt. who was de- 
 fcended of an antient Family, whofe 
 Seat was in that Place, is no fmall Repu- 
 tation to it. He was a valiant Soldier and 
 aSive Seaman, as his A&ions in 1588, 
 will fully prove, for he feized on the 
 Admiral or the SpanijJj Galleons in the 
 terrible Armada, (as the Spaniards thought 
 it) in which Hugh de Moncada, the Go- 
 vernor making Refiftance was burnt or 
 killed, with.moft.of his Men; and Mr. 
 Prejlon (for he was not then knighted) 
 fhared in a valt Treafure of Gold taken 
 therein. In the Year 1595, he made a 
 Voyage into the Weft-Indies , and obtain- 
 ed many Vi&ories, for he took by Ai*- 
 fault the Ifle of Puerto Santo, invaded 
 the Tflc of Cocke, furprized the Fort and 
 Town of Cow, facked the ftately City 
 of St. Jago, put the Town of Cumana to 
 Ranfom, und entred Jamaica with little 
 Lois, ibme Profit and much Honour, 
 and within the Space of fix Months ar- 
 rived fafe in Milford Haven in Wales. 
 He in a Paflion fent a Challenge to Sir 
 Waher Raleigh, who was then a Privy 
 Counfellor, and Lord Warden of the 
 Stannaries, which Sir Walter, whofe Cou- 
 rage was too well known to need fuch a 
 Proof, wifely refufed, faying, That it 
 \vas an ill-got Honour, where the Hang- 
 man fets on the Garland, and waited 
 a While for a Reconciliation, which 
 was at length made. Sir Annas died a- 
 bout the Beginning of the Reign of King 
 
 Drayton, the Manor and Eftate of Wil- 
 liam Lord Eonvile of Chttton, who being 
 on the York Party, when the Queen 
 (viz.- of King Henry VI.) won the Battel 
 at St. Albans* was tikcn and beheaded 
 
 there, and his Eftate was forfeited to 
 the Crown, and this Manor with the 
 reft ; but the Tide turning, and Edward 
 Duke of York proving victorious in the 
 decifive Battel of Barnet-feld, Elizabeth 
 his Widow, i Edward IV. had an Aflig- 
 nation of a very large Dowry out of his 
 Eftate in this and other Counties, of 
 which this Manor of Draiton was a Part ; 
 and after her Dcceafe the whole Eftare 
 of the faid Lord came to Cicely his 
 Great Grandchild, who became the 
 Wife of Thomas Marqucfs of Dorfet t and 
 after him of Henry Earl of Wiltjhzre, to 
 whofe Pofterity it is probable it de- 
 fcended. 
 
 Here is an Eftate in this Parifh, 
 out of which the Univerfity of Oxford 
 received 30 /. per Annum, or more, upon 
 the Account of the Abbey and Monks of" 
 Glajlenbury, in order to distribute it a- 
 mong Twelve Students of Hart-Hal/. 
 which were fent thither from Glajlen- 
 bury-School Upon the Diflblution of thr 
 Abbey of Glaflenbiiry, this Stipend wa/ 
 feized by the Crown, and fold to William 
 Marquefs of Winchefler^ the Lord Trea* 
 furer, in the Beginning of Queen Ell* 
 zabeth's Reign, who paid the fame; 
 but no Payments being made for lbm 
 Time after his Death, half of it wai 
 begged of that Queen and given to E<- 
 manuel College, Cambridge, and the Re 
 fidue, 'viz. i6l. per Annum is paid to 
 that Hall. 
 
 Ilbruers or III-Brituere, the Lord/hip 
 and Eftate of John Lord Mohun, who 
 died poflfeiTed thereof in Gafcoigne 7 Ed- 
 ward I. leaving it with other Lands in 
 this County and elfewhere, to his Son 
 and Heir John de Mohun, then but ten 
 Years old. 
 
 Potynton, another Part of the Eftate 
 of William Lord "Bon-vile, which was in 
 all Things difpofed of as Drayton juft a- 
 bove-mentioned. 
 
 Swainfwick, a Village, whofe Manor 
 was fettled on Oriel College, Oxford, for 
 the Maintenance of Two Fellows and Six 
 Exhibitioners, Anno 1 529, by Dr. Richard 
 Dudley, Chancellor of Sarum, and fbme 
 Time before fellow of ihe laid College. 
 
 X, The
 
 X. The Hundred of CANNINGTON or 
 CANVTONE. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 by North Petberton, on the South with 
 the Hundred of Taunton, on the Weft 
 with the Hundred of WtUiton, and on 
 the North with the Brtjlol-Cbar.el. The 
 Fee of this Hundred 28 Edward III. was 
 rhe Eftate of Robert tit^patn and Ela 
 his Wife, who left it to Ifabel their on- 
 ly Daughter and Heir, married in their 
 Life-time to Sir Robert Poynings Knt. 
 who never enjoyed it, becaufe he died 
 in Spain before his Father in Law Ro- 
 bert Fitz.-fatn: Ifabel his Wife furvived 
 him, and by the Death of her Father 
 came into Pofleflion of her Inheritance, 
 17 R chard II. but died the fame Year, 
 and left this Hundred and divers Ma- 
 nors in this County and elfewhere, to 
 Robert Poynings her Son and Heir, then 
 Fourteen Years of Age. He had a far- 
 ther Addition to his Paternal and Mo- 
 ther's Eftate by the Death of Blanch the 
 Widow of his' Uncle Sir Thomas Poyn- 
 ings Knt. who died without Iflue, and 
 being a great Soldier, went with the 
 Duke of Bedford and others into France, to 
 wage War with the French King ; and tho' 
 the English were fuccefsful in many of 
 their Attempts, yet he was unfortunate- 
 ly flain at the Siege of Orleans 26 Henry 
 VI. dying then leized of this and many 
 other Eftares here and elfewhere, and 
 leaving Eleanor the Wife of Sir Henry 
 Pieny Knt. his Coufin and next Heir. 
 Here is no Market-Town in this Hun- 
 dred : The Villages of which we have 
 .ny Thing of Note, are 
 
 Canxingfon, the principal One, as well 
 of old as at prefent, becaufe it gives* 
 Name to the Hundred At or about 
 this Town in the Year of Chrilt 1010, 
 \ve find the Danes pra&ifing their old 
 Cruelties of burning and plundering 
 under their Captains Turkbil, Hennifig, 
 and Anlafe. The antient Name v/as 
 Onnm\ n, to which the prefent ve- 
 ry well agrees, as the Situation doth 
 with the Marches of their Army. Nor 
 
 do rlie CDaenlcef (the MaHhes) which 
 is added to it in the Saxon MS. lefs con- 
 firm the Opinion; the Country there- 
 about, efpecially in Winter, being ex- 
 tream wet and fenny. From the Name 
 fome of our Antiquaries believe, thut 
 the Canal had their Habitation in this 
 Part of the County. Mr. Ctmbden ven- 
 tured to guefs at it, and our later Anti. 
 quaries think it certain, as appears from 
 their Arguments mentioned above : 
 King Charles II. gave this Manor to the 
 Lord Clifford of Cbudleigh, who from 
 Burgefs in Parliament for Totnefs in 
 Devonfolre (where he was a celebrated 
 Speaker at firft againft, but afterwards 
 for the Court) got into the Royal Fa- 
 vour, and being knighted, was fent 
 Envoy extraordinary to Sweden and 
 "Denmark, made Comptroller of the 
 King's Houfhold, fworn of the Privy 
 Council, advanced to be one of the 
 Commiffioners of the Treafury, and 
 preferred to be one of the Secretaries of 
 State, when he was by Letters Patent 
 created Baron Clifford of Chudleigb. At 
 length he was conftituted Lord High 
 Treafurer of England, which Office he 
 having held about one Year, he found 
 his Health fo declining, that he was 
 forced to refign it ; a little Time after 
 which he died in 1673. &*** 43- anc ^ 
 was buried at Ughebrooke in Devonjlnre^ 
 where he had, and his Pofterity have a 
 Seat. 
 
 George Rogers Efq; of this Place was 
 High Sheriff 1 3 Eliz, 
 
 Robert de Curcy, who was Sewer to 
 Mau.i the "Emprefs, is faid to have 
 founded a Nunnery in this Town, of 
 which we fliall give a fuller Account in 
 our EcclefiafticalHiftory, if any can be 
 found. From the adjoining Coaft to the 
 Stert-Point, the Shoar moots out by lir- 
 tle and little, where two of the largt-ft 
 Rivers in the whole County meeting to- 
 getlier, cmpcy themfelvcs at one Alouth', 
 called by Ptolemy, the Mfluary of U-- 
 zetftj from the River Ivel t which yet 
 loofeth that Name before it comes thj- 
 then
 
 SO M'E R S Ef SHIRE. 
 
 Canings is another Village, upon which 
 our Antiquaries ground their Opinion, 
 that this was the Country of the Cangl, 
 from the Likenefs of the Name. 
 
 Fairfeld, a Village near Stopurfey lying 
 on chc Weft Side of the River Perrot, 
 the Manor of which antiently belonged 
 to the Family of the Verneys, from 
 whom by Marriage it pafled to the Fa- 
 mily of aimer in Suffex, in which it 
 hath continued near three Centuries, 
 nnd has produced great Ornaments to 
 this County. 
 
 Roadway, or Radweye or Ruddeway, 
 an Hamlet of Kingfton by Ivele, whole 
 Manor was the Eltate of Robert Fitz.- 
 pain, who, with his Wife Ela, were 
 jointly enfeoffed with it, and the Ad- 
 vovvfon of the Church. They left Ifa- 
 lel their only Daughter and Heir, who 
 being married to Sir Robert Poinings, 
 this Manor defcended to their Son and 
 Heir Robert Poinings, in the fame Man- 
 ner as this Hundred doth, as is above 
 related. 
 
 Stoke-rurfy or Stogurfy, a Barony fo 
 named from the Lords of if, the Curcyes, 
 a. Family which flourished in the Con- 
 queror's Time, for Richard de Curcy is a 
 Witness to feveral of William the Con- 
 queror's Charters. It was the Seat of 
 William de Curcy, Butler to King Hen- 
 ry II. who is faid to have founded a 
 Priory, which he amply endowed with 
 Lands and Tithes, ana made it a Cell 
 to the Abbey of Lonley in Normandy. It 
 is true, that the Monajlicon Places this 
 Village and Monaftery in Devonshire ', but 
 Mr. Can.bden and our Vittare's fhew it to 
 be a MTftake. Of this Family was John 
 Curcy, Baron of this Place, the firft Eng- 
 HJhman who invaded and fubdued Uljler 
 in Ireland, a Perfon defigned by Nature to 
 be great and honourable, endowed with 
 a brave Spirit and Majcfty of Soul. 
 The Irijh Hiftories give us ftrange Proofs 
 of his Valour in comparting his Defign, 
 of which fuch as arc curious to know 
 them, muft confult the Relation there. 
 He aSed as Deputy to King John, whom 
 his Father had made Lord of Ireland, 
 
 and his Reward in Part was, That after 
 his firft Obeifance made to the King on 
 the Throne, he might put on his Cap 
 or Hat, and be covered in the King's 
 Preience, a Privilege granted (fo far as 
 we read) to no Englijbman but Mr. Fran- 
 cis Brown of Tollitlurp in Rutlandjlrire. 
 
 This John, after he had conquered 
 Uljler, continued near Five Years Depu- 
 ty of Ireland, and in that Time founded 
 the Abbey of Ines in the Ifland of Ines- 
 curfy^ zx Henry II. in the Place where 
 the old Abbey of Carri.k flood, which be- 
 ing made a Fort in his Wars with Uljler, 
 much infefted him, and fo he utterly 
 deftroyed it : He alfo founded the Prio- 
 ry of St. Andrew's in Ardes in Ireland, 
 NeddrUM in "Uljler and Tober glory in Down, 
 and was a coniiderable Benefa&or to the 
 Monaftery of Dune in Ireland, St. An- 
 drew, he made a Cell to Lonley in Nor- 
 mandy, &c. But as devout as he was, he is 
 thought to have ated irreligioufly in 
 converting the Church of the Holy Tri- 
 nity in Down into the Church of St. Pa- 
 trick. He was created Earl of Uljler, 
 and is faid to have tried Fifteen Times 
 to\have gone into Ireland, and could 
 not for contrary Winds, which was in- 
 terpreted as a Puniihment upon him for 
 the Contempt of the Holy Trinity. He 
 went afterwards into France and there 
 died. Mr. Richard Meriditb was Vicar 
 of this Place in the late Civil Wars. He 
 was not only fequcftred from this Li- 
 ving, but fo abufed, that he was forced 
 to fly and abfcond for a Time. He had 
 another Living in this County at Wcjt- 
 Bagtoroftgh, at which, tho* he was often 
 molefted, yet he kept it ; and having the 
 Profits of it, was helpful in fupporting 
 the Loyal Sir John Stawel's Children un- 
 der their Misfortunes. He lived to the 
 Reftoration. 
 
 Stokelar.d, a Moiety of which Manor 
 John Tuchet, Lord Audley, died poffefled 
 of, leaving it to his S.on James Lord 
 Audley, who was killed in Blorebeatb 
 Fight, by Richard Nevill Earl of Salif- 
 bury, who fought againft him for King 
 Edward IV. 
 
 XI. The
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 XI. The Hundred of CARHAMPTON. 
 
 This Hundred lies on the fartheft 
 wcftern Part of this County, bordering 
 upon I)evor?foire, having on the North 
 for its Boundary the Brijlol-Channel, on 
 the Eaft the Hundred of WiUiton, and 
 on the South the fame Hundred. The 
 Fee we fuppofe to be in the Crown, and 
 under the Government of the Sheriff. 
 The chief Town in this Hundred is 
 
 Dunjler, Dunfior or Dunjlre, a maritime 
 Town, ftanding on a low Ground, in- 
 cloled on every Side with Hills, except 
 on that Side that borders on the Sea. It 
 is a Market-Town, having a Market 
 weekly on Friday, and Fair yearly on 
 The Manor and 
 
 Caftle of Dunjlar were given by the 
 Conqueror to Sir William de Mohun the 
 Elder, a Norman, who being a great 
 Commander in his Army, and attend- 
 ing him in his famous Expedition into 
 England, with no lefs than Forty-feven 
 ttout Knights in his Retinue, was re- 
 warded, among other Things, with this 
 Caftle of Dunfler, befides Fifty Manors 
 in this County. He built the Town a- 
 bout it, and having founded a Priory 
 here, made it a Cell to Bath in this 
 County, giving to it the Church of St. 
 George in Dunfter, with the Tithes of all 
 his Vineyards and arable Lands in Dun- 
 Jler and Karampton. From this Sir Wil- 
 liam de Mohun defccnded leveral of his 
 Pofterity, who were famous and power- 
 ful, and continued in a flourifhing Con- 
 dition till the Reign of King Richard II. 
 Two of this Family (fays Mr. Cambden} 
 were Earls of this County, viz- William 
 (the Third, Dugdalefnys, Earl of Dorfet, 
 fb made by the Emprefs Maud for his 
 Afliftance of her in befieging the Caftle 
 ofWinchefter, then held out againft her by 
 Henry de Bloi), King Stephen's Brother) 
 and Reginald his Grandibn, who *as de- 
 prived of that Honour in the Barons 
 Wars; but he had Livery of this Manor 
 and Caftle in the Sixth Year of the 
 Reign of King John : Whether he was 
 deprived of it, with his Honour, we do not 
 
 difcover, but probably conje&ure he was 
 not, becaufe 
 
 John his Son and Heir, who died in 
 afioigne, is found feixed of it at his 
 
 Death, leaving it to his Son and Heir 
 John, then only a Baron, as his Pofte- 
 rity continued, till the Heirs Male fail- 
 ing, their Eftate came to the Heirs Ge- 
 neral. This John Lord Moloun left this 
 Manor to his Son John (called John the 
 Second) and he likewife to join the 
 Third, who died poflefled of it, leaving 
 it to his G rand Ton John, who having no 
 Iffue Male, left it and his other Eftates 
 to his Three Daughters and Heirs, Phi- 
 lippa, married to Edward Duke of York ; 
 Elizabeth, to William Montacute Earl of 
 Salisbury ; and Maud, to John Lord 
 Strange of Knockin. The Mother of thefe 
 Ladies, Joan the Daughter of Bartholo- 
 mew Lord Bergherjh, is laid to have ob- 
 tained of her Husband fo much ground 
 below this Town for a Common to the 
 Inhabitants, as flie could go about bare- 
 footed in one Day. Mr. Cambden tells us, 
 that this Manor and Caftle was in later 
 Times fold to the Lutterels, and Mr. Le- 
 land in his Itinerary found that Family 
 in Pofleffion of it, as they continued in 
 Mr. Dugdale's Time, if they are not at 
 this prefent. The late Lord Mohun was 
 delcended of the Mohuns of Beconneck in 
 Corn<wal, which was a collateral Branch 
 of the Mohuns of D#fl/?<?r-Caftle. Near 
 which is 
 
 Minhead or Mynneheved another Lord- 
 fliip given by the Conqueror with Dun- 
 jler Caftle and the forefaid Fifty five 
 Lordmips to Sir William de Mohun, from 
 whole Pofterity alfo it pafled to the Fa- 
 mily of Lutterel. It is a Borough and 
 Port-Town, and being one of the moft 
 frequented Paflages to Ireland in thefe 
 Parts, occafions an indifferent Trade 
 thither. It is of late improved by the 
 Catching of Herrings, which come up 
 the Severn about Michaelmas in very nu. 
 merous Sholes, and being caught and. 
 cured, are fcnt from hence to divers 
 Markets in the Mediterranean, where 
 they are fold to good Advantage. In 
 the Twelfth Year of King Wiliitm III. 
 D d d d d * a Sta-
 
 7*4 
 
 S M E R S E T 'SHIRE. 
 
 a Statute was made for the recovering, 
 fecuring, and keeping in Repair this 
 Harbour, for the Benefit and Support of 
 the Trade and Navigation of this King- 
 dom. It clefts Parliament-Men, and hath 
 a. weekly fmall Market on Wednefdays, 
 
 and a Fair yearly on .' Among 
 
 Dr. Eyam's Sermons, Re&or of Luckham 
 hereafter mentioned, is one, entitled, A 
 Return from Argier, preached at this 
 Town, March 16. 1627. upon the Re- 
 admiflion of a Perlbn who had been fc- 
 duced to the Mahometan Religion, into 
 fhe Chrirtian Church. The Text was, 
 Rev. z. 5. Remember therefore from whence 
 ti-ou art fain, and recent, and do thy frjt 
 Works. Lond. 1628. 
 
 Pcrlo-kein Saxon Poptlocap, an Har- 
 bour upon the Severn Sea, where this 
 County borders on the Danmomi, i. e. 
 Jpevonjhire. It was the Place where Ha- 
 wld, the Son of Earl Godwin, landed 
 Anno 1052, and being oppofed by the In- 
 habitants and neighbouring People, flew 
 great Numbers of them, and carried off 
 much Booty. The Manor of this Place 
 was given by the Conqueror to Baldwin 
 4e Bricnis or de Molis, with fome others 
 in this County, in which Family we 
 fuppofe it continued divers Succemons ; 
 fpr we find no more Mention of it, till 
 trie Reign of Richard IT. when Ifalel, the 
 Daughter and Coheir of Sir Nigel Loring, 
 being poflcfled of this Manor by Divifi- 
 on of her Father's Eftatc, carried it by 
 Marriage into the Family of Robert Lord 
 ilarfagton, whofc Pofteriry by her inhe- 
 rited it. Next to This Port 
 
 Carantpton or Carenton ought to be pla- 
 ced, it being the Town, once fo famous 
 as to give the Name to the Hundred. 
 Air. Cambdtn tells us, this Village takes 
 its Name from Carentocus the Britain. 
 This Manor was alfb given by the Con- 
 queror to Sir William de Mohun, but was 
 one of the Fifty- five before -mentioned. 
 It 'continued divers Succeflions in his 
 Family, till John Lord Mohun died pof- 
 fcflerl of it 7 Edward I. and from the 
 Molitrs we fuppofe it pafled with M'm- 
 ixad and Danjler to the Lntterels. 
 
 Blakeford, the Manor and Eftate of 
 Sir Nicolas de S. Maur, who died poflef- 
 fed of it 35 Edward III. leaving it to his 
 Son and Heir Nicholas S. Mam, who dy- 
 ing before he was of Age, left it to his 
 Brother Richard de S. ^Maar, who died 
 pofleflcd of it May 15. ^ Henry IV. His 
 Defendants enjoyed it a S,ucceffiort or 
 Two, and then falling to the female 
 Heir Alice, the Daughter of Sir Richard 
 S. Maar, fhe by Marriage transferred 
 ,it into the Family of the Z*ottches. 
 
 Culbone or Culnetone, one of thofe Ala. 
 nors which the Conqueror bellowed up- 
 on Sir William de Mobun, befides the- 
 Fifty-five he gave him in this County 
 before-mentioned. 
 
 Cutcomb or Corfecomb, the Manor and 
 Eftate of Sir Nicholas S. Maitr, who died 
 poflefled of it 3 5 Edward III. leaving it 
 to Nicholas his Son and Heir, who dying 
 in his Minority, it pafled to his Brother 
 Ri hard and his Pofterity, as Blakeford 
 afore- mentioned. 
 
 Exmore or Exemore, the Lordfhip of 
 Roger Mortimer Earl of March, who died 
 fei^ed of it 34 Edward IJI. leaving it 
 with his other great Eftates to his Son 
 Edmund, in whofe Pofteriry it continued 
 fome Succeflions ; for Edmund Mortimer 
 Earl of Mar.h died poffefTed of it, Jan. 
 19. 3 Henry VI. with other great Eftates, 
 which at length, for Want of Iflue 
 Male, pafled in Marriage VfithArme Mor- 
 timer to Richard Duke of Tork, Father of 
 King Edward IV. who began the War 
 with the Lancajlrians for the Crown, and 
 loft his own Life in it, &>c. 
 
 Luckham, a Village famous for no- 
 thing but their Minifter Dr. Byam t 
 who was^ born here, his Father being 
 Reftor of if. While he was in the Uni- 
 verfity, he fo much improved by his 
 Diligence and Induftry in all Sorts of 
 Academick Learning, that he foon be- 
 came one of the greatcft Ornaments of 
 it; and after he entred into Orders, he 
 was looked upon as one of the molt 
 acute and polite Preachers of his Age. 
 Much about the Time that he commen- 
 ced Bachelor of Divinity, anno 1612. 
 
 he
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 he was invited to fuccecd his Father in 
 this Reftory, where he (are down con- 
 tented without any other Preferments, 
 lave that he was chofea once a Pro&or 
 for the Clergy in Conx^ocation ; and in 
 1636, had a Prebend of Exeter be- 
 llowed on him : When the Wars be- 
 tween King and Parliament began, he 
 was the firft Perfon fcir>ed on for Dif- 
 atfe&ion and imprifoncd for fome Time, 
 but having by fome Means made an 
 Efcapc, fled to Oxford to the King, 
 where he was made a Do&or of Divini- 
 ty. He had before raifed both Men and 
 Horfe for his Majefty, and his Five 
 Sons (Four of whom were Captains) 
 bore Arms in the fame Caufe. His 
 "Wife and Daughter, which he had left 
 here, were much troubled by the Re- 
 bels, whom to avoid, they endeavoured 
 to get into Wales by Sea, and were 
 drowned. Being with the King, when 
 the Prince of Wales (who was afterwards 
 King Charles II.) fled from England ; this 
 Doftor was fent with him firft to the 
 Ifle of Stilly, and then to that of J-erfey, 
 where the Prince left him as his Chap- 
 lain to preach in the Caftle, and there 
 he ftayed till the Garrifon was taken by 
 the Parliament-Forces. After this Time, 
 till the Reftoration, he lived in a very 
 poor Condition, his Living and Eftate 
 (which was not inconfiderable) being 
 under Scqueftration. Soon after King 
 Charles came to his Throne, he obtained 
 his Reftory, and was made a Preben- 
 dary of Wells and Canon of Exeter : He 
 mi^ht have had more, (probably a Bi- 
 Iho^rick) if he would have fought it, 
 for King Charles II. would not have de- 
 nied him any Thing, but he was too 
 modeft for his own Intereft. He hath 
 feveral Sermons in Print, moft of them 
 preached before the Prince in Jerfey, 
 who heard him with Admiration of his 
 Learning and Loyalty. He lived to a 
 great Age, and dying June- ^. 1669. 
 was buried in the Chancel of Luckham, 
 and a Monument foon after put over his 
 Grave. 
 
 Wooton-Courtney, the Eftate of Thomas 
 Lord Hungerford, who in the Conteft be- 
 
 tween King Henry VI. and King Ed- 
 ward IV. for the Crown, endeavoured 
 the Reftoration of King Henry ; but be- 
 ing apprehended, was tried for his Life, 
 and having received Judgment as a 
 Traitor, was executed accordingly 8 
 Edward IV. His great Eftate was there/ 
 upon fcized into that King's Hands, and 
 fo continued in the Reign of King Ri- 
 chard III. his Wife, and Daughter, who 
 was his Heir, having no Benefit of it. 
 When King Henry VII. came to the 
 Crown, the Attainder of this Thomas 
 and Robert his Father, who had both fuf- 
 fered Death for thfe Lancastrians, was re- 
 vcrfed in Parliament, and Mary his 
 Daughter and Heir rcftored to her Ho- 
 nours and Eftates, being then ftiled La- 
 dy Hungerford, Botreux, Monies, Molins 
 and feverell. She married to Edward 
 Lord Haftlngs, Son of William Lord 
 Hajiings, then Lord Chamberlain, and 
 carried this Manor, then valued at 33^. 
 i;j. 6 d. with her other great Eftates, 
 into that Family, who are now Earls of 
 Hnntington y and lineally defcended from 
 her, and bear the fame honourable Ti- 
 tles of Botreux, &c. 
 
 Wotton, the Manor and Eftate of John 
 de Courtney, in Right of his Mother 
 Mary, the Daughter and fole Heir of 
 William de Rivers, Earl of Devon, who 
 died feized of it i Edward I. 1173. 
 
 left it to Hugh de Courtney his Son and 
 Heir, who left it to his Pofterity, of 
 whom Hugh de Courtney the Second, died 
 pofleflfed of it 42 Edward III. without 
 Iflue; whereupon his Eftate was divided 
 between his two Sifters Margaret and 
 Muriel, and their Heirs, but to which of 
 them, upon the Partition, this Manor 
 pafled, we can't difcover, but the Earl- 
 dom paffed to a collateral Branch of the 
 Courtneys. 
 
 XII. The Hundred of CATTESASH or 
 CATTESAISHE. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundreds of Norton-Ferris and 
 Hcrehom, which laft inclofeth the Ibu- 
 thern Part of it. on the Weft with the 
 
 Hun- 
 
 I
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Hundreds of Somerton and Glajlcn, and 
 on the North with the Hundred of 
 Whijlon. The Fee of this Hundred was 
 in John Holland Earl of Huntington, 16 
 Rich. II. who being in fpecial Favour 
 with that Prince, among many other 
 Grants of Lands and Eftates, obtained 
 the Fee of this Hundred of Catejhafre, 
 and to the Heirs of his Body, by Eliza- 
 beth his Wife, the Daughter of John of 
 Gaunt Duke of Lancajler. He was the 
 Twentieth Year made Duke of Exeter ; 
 but upon the Dcpofal of King Richard, 
 he not being fatisficd with the Altera- 
 tion of Transferring the Crown to an- 
 orher's Head than his Matter's, confpi- 
 red with the Earl of Kent, his Brother, 
 to dcftroy King Henry IV. and his Chil- 
 dren and reftore King Rithard ; but the 
 Plot being difappointed, and this Earl 
 with other the Confpirators taken, he 
 was adjudged by the Parliament, then 
 fitting, to lofe his Honours, with all his 
 Caftles, Lands, and other Poffeflions. 
 He was beheaded by the common Peo- 
 r le at Plrfiy in Effex, and his Eftate con- 
 tifcated to the King, but his Head was 
 by the King's Order delivered to Eliza- 
 beth his Wife, to be interred with his 
 Body, and his Earldom of Huntington 
 was referved for his Pofterity. His Son 
 Richard inherited his Honour of Earl of 
 Huntingdon, and died poffeffed of this 
 Manor and divers other Eftates, but 
 unmarried, fo that his Brother Jclon 
 fucceeded him bojh in his Honour and 
 Lands, among which was this Hundred, 
 of which he died pofleffed, and left it 
 to his Son Henry, who was Duke of Exe- 
 ter by his Father's Creation, 21 Henry. 
 There is no Market- Town in this Hun- 
 dred, for tho' Cajlle-carey, and Quincarnel 
 are fct down in our Maps with a larger 
 Letter, as the other Market-Towns of 
 this County are, and Cajlle-carey in our 
 Lift of Market-Towns hath a Place, 
 yet we can't find, what Day in the 
 Week the Market is kept ; and therefore 
 tho* we give them a Preference among 
 the Villages, yet we efteem them no 
 better than fuch. 
 
 Cajlle-carey, the Manor and Eftate of 
 the Family of S. Maur, of whom Sir 
 Nicholas S. Maur, who had been futn- 
 moned to Parliament among the Barons 
 from 25 Edward III. to the 34th of the 
 fame King, died poffeffed of this and 
 feveral other Manors 35 Edward III. 
 His Heir was Nicholas S. Maur his el deft 
 Son, then nine Years old, who dyin- 
 before he came to full Age, his Brother 
 Richard fucceeded him 10 Richard II. in 
 his Honour and Eftate, and died poffef- 
 fed of this Manor of Caflle- Carey. His Heir 
 was a Daughter, Alice, who was in her Mi- 
 nority at his Death ; but being come to 
 full Age, married Sir William le Zouche, 
 and carried this Manor with divers o- 
 ther Eftates in this and other Counties 
 into his Family. By him flie had Sir 
 William le Zcuche, who bore the Title of 
 Lord Zouche and S. Maur, who died 
 8 Ed-ward IV. feized of this Manor of 
 Caftle-carey and the Hamlets thereunto 
 belonging, Handefpene, Honytvike and 
 Almesford, leaving them to John his Son, 
 who being attainted in Parliament 
 i Henry VII. for taking Part with King 
 Richard, his Eftate was feized into the 
 King's Hand, but his Son John being re- 
 ftored in Blood, recovered this Manor, 
 being of his Grandmother's Inheritance. 
 Quincamel or Camel- Queens, fo called, 
 we may reafonably fuppofe from the 
 Dependency it had upon the Queens of 
 England, tho' which of them we arc not 
 able to determine ; all that we can dif- 
 covcr of it is, that it was the Poffeffion 
 of the Crown, and had a Park belong- 
 ing to the Manor- houfe, which, with 
 the Manor, was given to William de 
 Montacute, for his great Service in ap- 
 prehending Roger de Mortimer, Earl of 
 March in the Night-time, in the Queen's 
 Lodgings at Nottingham, the King him- 
 felf being prefent, and fending him to 
 London Prifoner, where he received the 
 Sentence of Death, and Execution 
 thereupon foon after ; but we muft own 
 this only a probable Con jefture, not ha- 
 ving met with any other Name of any 
 Town in this County in our antient Hi- 
 
 ilories,
 
 S M E R S E ? S HIRE. 
 
 ftories, but Camel, -without any Diftinc- 
 tion, tho* in our Villare's and Maps, 
 Queens-Camel and Weft Camel adjoin to 
 each or her. 
 
 Alford, a fmall Village fituatc upon 
 the Banks of the River Bruis, which 
 touches upon the North End of this 
 Hundred. In this Place there arifeth a 
 a mineral Water of a purging Nature, 
 no Way inferior to thofe of Epfom, or 
 thofe any where elfe of the purging 
 Kind, which is of great Benefit to 
 thofe wcttern Parts of England, in being 
 carried from hence to places very re- 
 mote. 
 
 Almesford, an Hamlet belonging to 
 Cajlle-carey, as is above- mentioned 
 
 Barrow or Barwe, Nouh and South, 
 two Village* joined together, the Ma- 
 nors and Eftates of the Family of S. 
 Maur, Sir Nicholas S. Maur Knt. dying 
 feixed of them 35 Edward III. and leav- 
 ing them to his Son and Heir Nicholas S. 
 Maur, who dying in his Minority, they 
 parted with his other Eftates to his Bro- 
 ther Richard, who being fuccqeded by 
 another Richard, who had no Heir Male, 
 his Daughter Alice became his Heir, and 
 marrying to Sir William le Zouche, car- 
 ried thefe Manors and divers others in- 
 to his Family. She had by him a Son 
 named William, who by this Marriage 
 became Lord Zoucb and S. Maur. He 
 died poflefled of thcfe Manors, and left 
 them to his Son jFohn, who forfeited 
 them by his Oppofltion to King Henry 
 VII. who had him attainted in Parlia- 
 ment, but his Son jFohn was reftored in 
 Blood, and recovered his Grandmother's 
 Eftate, of which thcfe two Manors were 
 a 'Part. His Son Edward married the 
 Daughter of Sir John Z.uche of Codnovre, 
 by which Means the two Families of 
 Zouche s were united. 
 
 Cadbury South and North, the former 
 of which (Mr. Cambden is of Opinion) 
 may probably enough be thought, that 
 CatbbreRlon, where King Arthur (as Nin- 
 n'ms writes) routed the Saxont in a me- 
 morable Battel. Both thefe Villages and 
 Manors being given by William the 
 Conqueror to Bernard de Netvmarcb or 
 
 de Now> mere At u, in whofe Family they 
 continued divers Succeffions, till IlTue 
 Male failing, his Eftate was divided be- 
 tween the female Heirs Ifabel and Ha- 
 tuyfe, the Daughters of J-ames de Novo 
 Mercatu, or Newmarcb. Thefo Manors 
 upon the Partition fell to Hawyfe, who 
 married Ni.holas de Molls or Moels, and 
 carried them into his Family. His Po- 
 fterity lived a long Time in great 
 Splendour, till J-ohn de Mali in the 
 Reign of King Edward III. left only 
 two Daughters and Heirs at his Death. 
 viz.. Muriel, married to Sir Tbcmas Court- 
 ney Knt. and Ifabel, who took to her for 
 a Husband William de Eotreaux ; but be- 
 caufe fhe had no Licence to marry him, 
 her Part of her Father's Lands were 
 feized, and beftowcd on Thomas de Fer- 
 rers and Theobald de Mountney. Margaret 
 their Mother was yet living, and had 
 the Manor of North- Cadbury in Dower, 
 and after her Death the Divifion being 
 made of the whole Eftate, Muriel had 
 for Part of her Share South-Cadbury ', 
 and Ifabel haying got a Pardon for her 
 Marrying without Licchfe, had Nortb- 
 Cadbury for her Purparty. 
 
 South- Cadbury being in the Family of 
 the Gourtneys, by the Marriage of Muriel* 
 dcfcended to their Son Sir Hugh Court- 
 ney ; but he Dying without Iflue and 
 under Age, this Manor, with his other 
 Eftate, pafied to his Sifters and Coheirs, 
 Margaret and Muriel, whofe Heir was 
 John Dynham, and to him we fuppofe 
 this Manor defcended. 
 
 North Cadbury remained longer in the 
 Family of Eotreaux, for after the firft 
 Defccnt of it to their Son anti Heir Wil- 
 liam, he entailed it upon himfelf and 
 Elizabeth (Daughter of Sir Ralph D'Aa- 
 beny Knt.) with Remainder to WHfiam 
 his Son, and the Heirs Male of his Bo- 
 dy, and for Want of fuch, to Thomas, 
 Ralph and John his younger Sons, and 
 rheir Heirs fucceflively. He died 1 5 Ri- 
 chard II. leaving this Manor and m;ti.v 
 orher Eftates to his Son WtUiam aforc- 
 ikid. 
 
 Elizabeth, the Wife of the firft Wil- 
 liam 9 furvivcd him, and in 4 He my V. 
 
 fooadcd
 
 S M E R S E T S H I R E. 
 
 founded a Chantry in. the Parifiv- Church tain College fliall be there founded, ac- 
 of North- Cadbury (which had been by cording to his Direction by a Writing 
 her a little belong rebuilt) for Five indented, and that they fliould each or 
 Priefts, of whom one was to be the Rec- them Jhave Ten Marks yearly. He died 
 tor, and to have the Cure of Souls 
 there ; and other Four were appointed 
 to pray for the good Eftate of King 
 
 poflefled of this Manor, leaving it to 
 his 
 
 Her.y V. during his Life,* of herfelf -and 
 
 only Daughter and Heir, Margaret, 
 married to Sir Robert Hungerford Knt 
 
 Margaret furviving her Husband Sir 
 
 Sir WiUiam Botreaux the younger Knt. Robert Hungerford, lived to a very great 
 during their Lives, and after their Age, being ftilecl Lady Hungerford and 
 Deaths, for the Health of all their Souls. Botreaux, abounding in A&s of Piety 
 She died n Henry VI. leaving this Ma- and Chanty. Her Son Sir Robert Hun- 
 nor and other Ettates, which fhe held gerford, who upon the Rifing of the Lan- 
 in Dower to the faid Sir William Bo- caflrians at Hexham, was taken Prifoner 
 treaux the Younger. This Sir WiUiam and beheaded, left Thomas his Son and 
 \vas a Man of a warlike Difpofition,and Heir, who having no Iffue Male, the 
 was leveral Years in the Wars of France great Eftate of this Family catne to his 
 with King Henry V, but yet very pioufly Daughter and Heir Mary, who was af- 
 inclined, as appears by many Gifts to forwards married to Edward' Lord Ha- 
 Religious Houfes, and particularly in Jlings, and was the Mother of the Earls 
 the Parifh-Church of North- Cadbury, in of H'^ntington. She ufed the Title of 
 which by his Will he ordered himfelf Lady Hungerford, Hornet, Botreaux, Monies, 
 to be burird ; he appointed that Three Mclins and Peverali, and was perhaps 
 Priefts fhould celebrate Divine Service . one of the greateft Heireffes that ever 
 for his Soul, and the Souls of his An- was in England, for fhe carried thefe 
 ceftors in the faid Church, until a cer- Manors into his Family, viz. 
 
 I. 
 
 In Buckinghamshire, Three Manors, per Annum, 
 
 In Oxfordshire, Six Manors, per Anyum. 
 
 In Wiltjhire, Twenty Manors, per Annum. 
 
 In Devonjhire, Eight Manors, pet Annum. 
 
 In Corntval, Fourteen Manors, per Annum. 
 
 In Buckinghamshire, more, Ten, per Annum. 
 
 In Oxfcrdfiire, more, One, per Annum. 
 
 In Wiltjhire, more, Three Manors, pfr Annum. 
 
 In Somerfetjhire, South and North Cadbury, per Annum. 
 And Twelve more, per Annum. 
 
 In Cornwal, more. 
 
 In Warwick and Somerfet. 
 
 A very large Inheritance for thofe 
 Times, and yet Richard Duke of Gloce- 
 fler (afterward King Richard III.) ob- 
 tained a considerable Part of the Hun- 
 gerford's Eftate, as did a collateral Branch 
 of the Family of the Hungerfords, viz. 
 Walter Lord Hungerford, and his Pofteri- 
 ty, by Virtue of an Intail. Thefe Ma- 
 nors of South and North Cadbury, con- 
 tinued in the Htjlings Family to the 
 Reign of King fames I. when Sir Fran- 
 cis Hajlings, a younger Son of Francis 
 
 Earl of Huntington, being poflcfied of 
 them, alienated them. 
 
 Burton, the Manor and Eftate of John 
 Beaufort Duke of Somerfet, who died 
 poflefled of it zz Henry VI. leaving his 
 only Daughter and Heir, Mtrgaret, then 
 but Three Years old; fhe at a proper 
 Age married Edmund, furnamed of Had- 
 ham in Hertfordshire, Earl of Richmond* 
 created by King Henry VI. his half Bro- 
 ther, by whom fhe had Henry Earl of 
 Richmond) (who was afterward King of 
 
 England, 
 
 \
 
 SO M ER S ET S HIRE. 
 
 England, by the Title of KingHewry VII.) 
 Of the perfonal A&ions of the faid Ed- 
 mund Earl of Richmond, we have nothing 
 memorable; but of his Lady, Margaret, 
 (who after his Death married to Henry, 
 a younger Son of Humphrey Duke of 
 Buckingham, and laftly to Thomas Stan- 
 ley Earl of Darby, but had no Iflue by 
 them) we have Ib much faid in our Hi- 
 ttory, that no Woman is more famous : 
 For, i. She eftabliflied two perpetual 
 Readers in Divinity, at each Univer- 
 fity of Oxford and Cambridge One. 2. She 
 founded a perpetual Chantry in the Pa- 
 rifh-Church of Winburne in Dorfetfiire, 
 for one Prieft, to teach Grammar free- 
 ly to all Comers, to the World's End, 
 allotting to each of the Readers Twen- 
 ty Pounds per Annum, and the Prieft Ten 
 in Lands and Tenements. 3. She ap- 
 pointed a perpetual Preacher of the 
 Word of God in the Univerfity of Cam- 
 bridge, and gave him a Salary of Ten 
 Pounds a Year in the like Lands. 4. She 
 alfo founded in the Place, where had 
 before ftood a fmall Houfc for Four 
 Scholars, called, God's Houfe, a College, 
 called, Chrijl's College, confifting of a 
 Matter, Twelve Scholars Fellows, and 
 Forty-feven Scholars Difciples, there 
 to be perpetually maintained. 5. She 
 alfo appointed by her Laft Will and 
 Teftament, that the Hofpital of St. 
 John's in Cambridge, mould be diflblved, 
 and a College of Secular Perfons found- 
 ed, viz. One Mafter and Fifty Scholars, 
 with divers Servants, and that the faid 
 College being new built, Ihould be fuf- 
 ficiently endowed with Lands, which 
 her Executors fill filled. She died An- 
 no i 509, and was buried on the South- 
 fide of King Henry VII.'s Chapel. 
 
 John Gennings Efq; an Inhabitant of 
 this Place was High Sheriff of this Coun- 
 ty, in the Fortieth Year of Queen /?- 
 zabeth's Reign. 
 
 Lydeford, Lidford or Ludeford Weft, the 
 Lordfhip of Nicholas Martin, who was 
 defcended of the Norman, Martin de 
 Tours. He having aflifted the Earl of 
 Glocefter, and the other Barons Marchers 
 againft the Welfh, 29 Henry III. obtained 
 
 J 
 
 a Licence for a Market every Week, 
 in the Reign of King Edward I. upon 
 Tuefday, at this Town, and for a Fair 
 yearly upon the Eve, Day, and Mor- 
 row of St. Peter ad Vincula, Aug. T. He 
 left this Manor to hisGrandfon William, 
 the Son of his Son Nicholas, who died in 
 his Life-time. This William, ^^ Ed- 
 ward I. procured a Grant for free War- 
 ren in this his Lord/hip, and fomc o- 
 thers in this County, and left them all 
 to his Son William, who having no Illue 
 Male, left his whole Ellate to his two 
 Sifters and their Heirs, viz< Eleanor, 
 married to William de Columbers, and 
 Joan, who was married to Nicholas de 
 Audley, by whom fhe left a Son James, 
 de Audley, to inherit her Part, but to 
 which of them this Manor went, doth 
 not appear. 
 
 Maperton, the Manor and Eftatc cf 
 Nicholas de Moels, or de Molts, being the 
 capital Lordfhip of his half Barony, 
 which he held in Cabite, and of one 
 Knight's Fee in Magerflon. He died pof- 
 fefled of it u Edwa rd III. but leaving 
 no IfTue Male, his whole Eftate, of 
 which this Manor was a confidcrable 
 Part, defcended to his two Daughters, 
 Muriel, who was married to Sir Thomas 
 Courtney Knt. and Ifabel, who took to her 
 Husband William de Eotreaux. This Ma- 
 nor, with all its Members, was affi^nod 
 to Muriel for her Purparty, and Ib be- 
 came the Eftate of the Courtneys, Sir 
 Hugh the Son of Sir Thomas, and Muriel 
 inheriting it \ but he having no Ifluc, 
 his Sifters Margaret and Muriel inheri- 
 ted it, but to which of them it pafcd 
 upon the Division, we find not ; but ic 
 appears, that it was Part of the Eilate 
 of the Lords Hungerford, and parted all 
 along after this with the Manors of 
 South and North Cadbury, of which be- 
 fore. 
 
 Spargrave, a Village famous for being 
 the Seat of a gentile Family of the 
 Eiffes for feveral Defcents, of which 
 Philip Bijfe was a Perfon of Note. He 
 was bred in Magdalen College in Oxford t 
 where he was Fellow, and commenced 
 Do&or of Divinity. He was afterwards 
 E e e e e pre-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 77 
 
 preferred to the Archdeaconry of Taun- 
 .ion. He was a learned Man, and being 
 a groat Lover of Books, had a great 
 Library of all Kinds, which at his 
 Death he "bequeathed ro Wadham Col- 
 lege in Oxford^ then newly founded. It 
 confided of fo many Folio's as were 
 lucd at One thoufand Pounds. He 
 about the Year 1614. 
 
 Sparkford, the Manor and Eftare of 
 Philip Lord Burnett, which came to him 
 as Nephew and Heir to Robert Burnett, 
 Bifhop of Bath and Wells, who died that 
 Year: Pfc;/> died the next Year, ^^ Ed- 
 ward I. and left this Manor with many 
 other Eftates, to Maud his Sifter and 
 Heir, married to John de Handle, on her 
 Account called Lord Burnett. This fohn 
 died feized, as Tenant by Curtcfy of 
 England, in Right of Maud his Wife, 
 of this Manor of Sparkford, with the 
 Advowfon of the Church ; but after his 
 Deceafe they dcfcended to J-ohn Lord 
 Lovell, Son and Heir of the John Lord 
 Lwell, by the faid Maud, her firft Huf- 
 band ; and in his Family it remained di- 
 . vers Succcffions. 
 
 XIII. The Hundred of CHEW. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 by the Hundred of Canejham, on the 
 South by the Hundred of Cheivton, on 
 the Weft by the Hundred of Harcliff and 
 Bedminfler, and on the North by the 
 
 Moats and Molltis, which were brought 
 into that Family by her, who was Lady 
 of Hornet, Botreaux, &>c. 
 
 Are, the Lordfllip of Ralph de Pome- 
 vat, as appears by the Conqueror's Sur- 
 vey. His Barony was fixed at Beri 
 va- (from him call'd in After-ages Bery-Po- 
 died mera'i) in Devonshire, where he had Fifty- 
 eight Lordfhips, or the greateft Part of 
 them. 
 
 B/forps-chew or Clew magna, a fmall 
 Village, where is dug up a red Bolus, 
 called by the Country People, Redding, 
 which is diftributed from thence all 
 over England, for the Marking of Sheep, 
 and fome other Ufcs. It is fometime& 
 ufed by the Apothecaries for the Arme- 
 nian Bolus, being of the lame aftringenr. 
 Nature. 
 
 Mr. Robert Croffe, a native of thifc 
 Shire, but the Place is not known, a 
 Perfon fo famous in the Univcrfity of 
 Oxford for his Learning and artful Dif- 
 putations, that he was chofen in 1648, 
 Profeflor of Divinity in the Room of 
 Dr. Sarderfon, then difplaced by the Vi- 
 fitor, but he refufed to accept it ; was 
 chofen foon after Minifter of this Town. 
 He conformed at the Reftoration of 
 King Charlet II. and kept this rich Vi 
 carage. He had a long and fharp Con- 
 teft with Mr. J-of* Glanvill about the A' 
 riftotelian Philoibphy, which this Gen- 
 tleman defended againit Air. GJaxvill, 
 who had written fomething againft Art- 
 
 County of Glocefter and City of Brijtol. fatle, and the Academical Way of Edu- 
 
 The Fee of this Hundred is in the 
 Crown, and under the Government of 
 the Sheriff: The chief Town is 
 
 cation, and much in Commendation of 
 the Royal Society (of which he was a 
 Member) and experimental Philoibphy ; 
 
 Pensford, a Market- Town, whofe Mar- and falling at Length to making of Bal- 
 
 T ~ ~ lads upon him, turned their Difpute in- 
 to Raillery and Quarrel. He lived to 
 a full Age, and dying Decemb. 12. 1683. 
 was buried in the Church of this Town, 
 leaving behind him, among grave and 
 fobcr Perfons, the Chara&er of an able 
 Divine and PhiJofopher. 
 
 Chew, the principal Village of this 
 
 ker is on Tuefday weekly, and Fair 
 yearly upon It was one of 
 
 thofc 'Manors (which with Publow, near 
 adjoining to it, was valued yearly at 
 43 /. 2 s. 6d. 7 Edward IV.) which was 
 Tart of that great "Eftate, of which Ma- 
 ry, the Daughter of Thomas Lord Hun- 
 terford and Molyns was Heir, and which 
 
 flic by Marrying Edward Lord Hajlings) County, when England was divided into 
 
 enriched that Family with : From her 
 are defa nd ;d the Earls of Huntington, 
 who flill en:oy the Titles of 
 3 
 
 Hundreds, becaufe it gives Name to it. 
 The Manor in the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward VI. belonged to the Bifhop of 
 
 Batb 
 
 \
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 171 
 
 Batb and Wells ; but by Licence from 
 the King he was authorized to pafs it 
 over to the Prote&or and his Heirs for 
 ever, with the Manors of BanweU, Wells, 
 Blofkford, Wellington ', Cranmere, Ever- 
 Church^ with the Borough of Wellington 
 and Hundreds of Wells, Winterjtock and 
 Chew; and the Parks of Wells, BanzveU 
 and Everchurch, and their Appertinances. 
 It is now famous only for the Nativity 
 of Sir John Cbampneyi, Son of Robert 
 Champntis, who inhabited here. He was 
 bred a Skinner in Linden, and profper- 
 ed To in his Trade, that he was made 
 Lord Mayor of that City in the Year 
 1535. He was the firft that built a 
 Turret to his Houfe near Cloth-workers 
 Hall, whereas before there were no 
 Turrets to any Buildings but Churches 
 and publick Stru&ures. Some Perfons, 
 to whom this Sort of Building was dif- 
 pleafing, gave it out, that he did it to 
 overlook his Neighbours ; and becaufe 
 he happened to be blind afterwards, 
 they imputed it as a Judgment of God 
 upon him ; but we dare not join in 
 fuch Sentiments, becaufe neither the 
 one nor other may be true. 
 
 Midfummer Norton, whole Parfonage 
 was Parcel of the Pofleffions of the Prio- 
 ry of Merton in Surrey, but upon the 
 Suppreflion of the Abbies, was given to 
 Cbrift-Chitrch, Oxford. 
 
 Norton-Bonewood, the Manor and E- 
 ftate of Edmund Ferrers of Chartlty, who 
 died poflefled of it i^Henry VI. leaving 
 it to William Ferrers his Son and Heir, 
 who died poflefled of it z8 Henry VI. 
 leaving Ifltic his only Daughter and 
 Heir, Anne, then married to Walter De- 
 verettx Efq; tho' but Eleven Years and 
 eight Months old, who in her Right 
 was fummoned to Parliament among the 
 Barons, as Lord Ferrers of Chartley. From 
 this Lord Devereux are dcfcended the late 
 Earls of Effex, and the prefent Vifcounts 
 Hereford. 
 
 Stowey, the Lord/hip of Ralph de Po- 
 nteray in the Conqueror's Reign, when 
 the general Survey was made, but how 
 long it continued in his Family, we can't 
 diJ cover, but find it in the Family of 
 
 the Columbers, in the Reign of King 
 Henry III. for then Philip de Columbers 
 obtained a Licence of that Prince, Reg. 
 32. to make a Park at his Manor-houfc 
 of Stowey, as alfo to have free Warren 
 there, and fome other of his Lord/hips 
 in this County. He left it to his Son 
 Philip, being then the Head of this Ba- 
 rony. He enjoyed it not above Three 
 Years, and then left it to his Son J-ohn^ 
 who obtained of King Edward I. Reg. 31. 
 a Charter for a Market every Week up- 
 on Tuefday, upon this his Manor of 
 Stowey, as alfo a Fair upon the Eve, 
 Day and Nativity of the Blefled Virgin, 
 with free \Varren in all his Dcmelhe 
 Lands here. From this Family it pafled 
 to the Audleys, for J-.imes Lord Alditlolty 
 or Audley died poflefled of this Manor a- 
 mong other Eftates, and left them to his 
 Son and Heir Nicholas, 9 Richard II. He 
 died without Iflue, and left J-jbn Tucket, 
 Son of his Sifter Joan^ and Margaret, tha 
 Wife of Sir Roger Hillary Knt. his next 
 Heirs. This Manor, upon the Divi- 
 dend, became the Eftate v of the faid 
 John Tuchet, who left it his Heirs, but 
 the Market hath been long difuied. 
 
 At this Town, upon the Side of a Hill 
 above the Church, rifes a large Spring, 
 that is never dry. It runs thro' the 
 Town, and covers every Thing it meets 
 in its Courfe with a ftony Cruft. It 
 works no fuch Effeft within Twenty 
 Yards where it rifes, but foon after be- 
 gins ; and at about Forty Yards from 
 its Rife, at a Fall above a Man's 
 Height, it works moft, and there covers 
 the Bank with ftony Cafes, as hard as a 
 Rock; and every Stick that falls into it, 
 with a Cruft. 
 
 F. Robert Parfons, the famous Jefuit, 
 who wrote the Chriftian Dire&ory, Ib 
 much efteemed even among -Proteftants 
 themfelves, was born in this Town ; his 
 Parents were mean, but Enemies to the 
 Popifli Faith, till at length prevailed 
 upon to turn Papifts, by one Alexander 
 Bryant. This Robert was taught Latin* 
 and educated in the Popifli Faith by 
 John Hayward, a virtuous Popiih Prieft, 
 then Vicar of the Town, who procured 
 E c e e e 2 his 
 
 1
 
 772 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 his Admiflion into Baliol College, where 
 he became Chaplain-Fellow. In 1574, 
 he left England, travelled a-while, and 
 at length put himfelf into the Englijb 
 College at Rome. Here he patted thro' 
 all the Clafles of Divinity ; and in i 580, 
 was fent upon the Million into England 
 to advance the Romijl) Affairs. He went 
 up and down a-while in Difguife to 
 Gentlemens Houfes, and others, and 
 was very bufy with the other Miffiona- 
 ries and Romanijls, to depofe Queen Eli- 
 zabeth ; but being difcovered, and his 
 Fellow- Jefuit Campian taken, he fled to 
 Rome, and there made Profeflion of 
 Four Vows, and fo became Re&or of 
 the En^HJb College. He aimed at being 
 a Cardinal, having indeed deferved, by 
 his Aftivity and Writing, the Hat, but 
 he miffed of it, and for Grief of the 
 Difappointment, died. He wrote many 
 Books, both in English and Latin, and 
 by them did no fmall Mifchief to the 
 T?.nglif) Church. He died at Rome, April 
 15. 16 10. and was buried iu the Chapel 
 ot' his College, and a Tomb with a 
 large Infcription fet over him. Thomas 
 Owen, a Weinman, fuccecded him in his 
 Rc&orfhip. 
 
 Welton, or as we find it in anticnt Re- 
 cords, Welweton or Wellaton, the Manor 
 and Eitate of John de Beaucbamp of 
 Haccbe, who died feized of it 12 Ed- 
 ward I. being the Inheritance of Cicely 
 his Wife, who furviving him, held it 
 during her Life, and at her Death left 
 it to their Son and Heir, J-obn de "Beau- 
 champ, 14 Edward II. He died 10 Ed- 
 ward III. and left it to his Son jfobn, 
 who died i 7 Edward III. and left it to 
 his Son John, then but Twelve Years 
 old, and fo put in Wardfhip to Robert de 
 Ferrers and Reginald de Cobbam. He being 
 of Age married Alle, the Daughter of 
 Thomas Beauchamp Earl of Warwick, by 
 whom he had a Daughter, who was his 
 Heir, named Cicely t and married to .... 
 Turbervill, &c. 
 
 XIV. The Hundred of CHEWETON. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundreds of Wellow and Kit- 
 merfden, which laft alfb encompaffethr 
 the South ; on the Weft with the Hun- 
 dred of Wells, and on the North with 
 the Hundred of Chew. The Fee of this 
 Hundred is in the Crown, and under 
 the Government of the High Sheriff. 
 There is no Market-Town in it : The 
 Villages of Note ar>, 
 
 Cbeweton, from which the Hundred 
 took its Name, we fuppofe, becaufe it 
 was the chief Town in it, when the 
 County was divided into Hundreds. 
 Mr. Eglesfeld of Queen 's College in Ox- 
 fordy a learned and ingenious Man, was 
 Vicar of this Place. He was a Mini- 
 fter's Son of the County, and the Au- 
 thor of a Poem, entitled, An Heavenly 
 Hymn to the King of Heaven. After his 
 Death there was a Sermon upon Mark 7. 
 37. printed London 1640. under his 
 Name. He commenced Mailer of Art* 
 in 1625. 
 
 Chewton-mendip, fb called for Diftinc- 
 tion from the former Village, becaufe it 
 Hands among the Mendip Hills. It was 
 the Seat of Will/am Lord Bonvile of Chut 
 tony by which Title he was fummoned 
 to Parliament among the Barons, and. 
 made Knight of the Garter by King 
 Henry VI. Reg* 52. who alfo enriched 
 his Son William Banvile with the Mar- 
 riage of Elizabeth, the only Daughter 
 and rich Heirefs of William Lord Har- 
 rington, who was in her Right called 
 Lord Harrington. When the Duke of 
 fork, Richard Plantagenct, fought to de- 
 pofe King Henry VI. he was zealous 
 and fuccefs.ful in his Matter's Quarrel, 
 and vanquifhcd the Earl of Devonjbire 
 near Exeter; but afterwards by what In- 
 ducement is not known, he revolted 
 from King Henry, and ungratefully fided 
 with the Duke of York in the following 
 Civil Wars. He was prefcnt at the Bat- 
 tel of Northampton, when the Yorkifis be- 
 ing victorious, King Henry was taken 
 Prifoncr, and committed to his Cwfto- 
 
 dy; 
 
 3 
 
 \
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 773 : 
 
 dy ; but Fortune foon after frowning on 
 the Yorkifts, as if fome Fury had haunted 
 him for Revenge, he became unprofpe- 
 rous : For he was foon after Witnefs of 
 the untimely Death of his only Son, and 
 of his Grandfon by him, the Lord Har- 
 rington, both of them flain at the Battle 
 of WaktfeU. Nor did he himfelf long 
 furvive him ; for tho' the Yorkijls were 
 fuccefsful in the fecond Battle of Sr. Al- 
 lans, yet he was taken with King Henry 
 by the Lane a fir i an s, the King promising 
 him that he flioufd not be hurt, if he 
 would ftay with him, when the reft fled : 
 But fuch was the Indignation of the 
 Queen and Duke of Exeter againft him, 
 that fhe would not be quiet, till he was 
 beheaded. His Grand-daughter Cecilia-, 
 then very young, was the only Heir of 
 his Family. She married afterward to 
 Thomas Grey, Marquefs of Dorfet, and 
 brought a large Eftate into his Family. 
 When King Edward the Fourth came to 
 the Crown, his Honour was in fome mea- 
 fure reftored to him by an Aft of Parlia- 
 ment, by which he was declared inno- 
 cent. 
 
 Mr. Richard Long had this Vicarage, 
 when the Wars between King and Par- 
 liament broke out; and refufing to take 
 the Covenant, he was feized at his Vi- 
 carage-houfe, and carried a Prilbner to 
 Erljtol, being then much indifpos'd : His 
 Surplice and Hood were tied to his Mid- 
 dle, and hung down backward at his 
 Horfc-tail. When Prince Rupert came 
 to Brijlol, he was fet at liberty, but was 
 afterwards taken again and fent to Ax- 
 bridge, where he died in Prifon. His 
 Wife, and three Children in the mean, 
 time liv'd in a Corner of the Vicaragc- 
 houfe, and were maintained by Charity: 
 But after his Death Col. Po}bam took 
 care of them. 
 
 Farrington-Gurnay, fb called becaufe it 
 was antientiy the Eftate of the Family 
 ofGuntays, but pafled afterwards to the 
 Tittofts ; for John Lord Tt^toft died pof- 
 fcired of it, 2,1 Hen. VI. leaving it to his 
 Son and Heir John Lord Tlptrft, who at 
 lergrh became Earl af Worcefter, but died 
 without Heirs Male, 3 Ritb. III. 
 
 Filwood Forejt, a Royal Dcaiefne, but 
 the Conftablewick of it was given by 
 King Henry VI. Reg. 50. to Humphrey Staf- 
 ford of Hooke, from whom it came to the 
 Stafford* of Soutbwik. 
 
 Hampton, Hameton, or Hantcn, the Ma- 
 nor and Eftate of William de Awo (or 
 Ewe') at the general Survey, and after- 
 wards of t.he Family of Rivers. 
 
 Norton Midfummer, the Manor of Sir 
 John Tlptoft, who died pofleflcd of it 
 21 Hen. 6. leaving it to his Son and Heir 
 John, who was zj Hen. 6. advanced to 
 the Honour of Earl of Worcejler. By him 
 we fuppofe it was alienated to the Fa- 
 mily of the Lord de la Ware ; for Richard 
 Lord de la Ware died poflefled of this 
 Manor, and other Eftates in thisCounty 
 J 6 Ediv. 4, 
 
 StQny-Eaften, a Village, on the South- 
 Eaft of which, at a Place bordering on 
 the Mendip-Hi/ts, begins a Running of 
 Goal, confifting of feveral Veins, which 
 extends itfelf towards the Eaft about 
 four Miles. There is much Working ire 
 this Running, tho' Fire-damps conti- 
 nually happen, fo that many of the Mi- 
 ners have been killed by them, others 
 maimed, and a Multitude burnt. The 
 Middle and Eafterly Parts of this Run- 
 ning are lb fubje to thefe Damps, that 
 there is fcarce a Pit without them. Yet 
 the Colliers purfue the Works ; but fa 
 prevent Mifchief, they work with Can- 
 dles of 60 or 70 in the Pound, and have 
 anOintment for Burnings ready at hand,, 
 which they ufe, having firft wafh'd the.- 
 Seorchings with Cows hot Milk. 
 
 XV. The Hundred of COKE*. 
 
 This Hundred lies in the moft Southern 
 Parts of the County, having on the Eaft" 
 and South the County, of Dorfet for its- 
 Boundary, on the Weft the Hundred of. 
 Houndsborou^b, and on the North the 
 Hundred of Stone. The Fee of this Huii- 
 dred / Hen. 5. was the Eftatc of Edtvard 
 Courtney, Earl of Devonfiire, who died' 
 poflefled of it that Year, and left it to^ 
 his Son and Heir Hugb Courtney ; but; 
 how long it continued in thac Family, 
 
 amit 
 
 J
 
 77 4 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 and whofe it is now, we cannot fay. The faries of Life, weekly on Saturday, and 
 
 Villages of Note (for Market -Town it a Fair yearly on . ... . . . . 
 
 has none"} are The Manor was the Eftate of Hugh 
 
 Coker Eaft and Weft, from which the Earl of Devon, but held for Life bv Mar- 
 
 Hundred took its Name. Both thefe Ma- garet his Mother, who outliving him and 
 
 nors were the Eftate of Hugh, the third his two Brothers Thomas and Edward, 
 
 Earl of Devon, who dying poflefted of was after her Death inherited by Ed- 
 
 them the Lordmip of Eaft-Coker was af- ward her Grandfon by her Son Edward 
 
 fianed to his Widow for her Dower, and his Poftenty. Tis probable, that 
 
 which flie held for Term of Life; and in the Wars between the Houfes of Lan- 
 
 Wefi-Ccker defcended to his Heir Hugh cafter and York for the Crown, this Ma- 
 
 furnamed Hueb de Courtney Junior, to nor was forfeited into King Edward IV. 
 
 whom aifo Eaft- Coker came after his Mo- Hands, by the Earl of Devon s Siding with 
 
 ther's Death/and lb both pafled to Ed- the Lancajlrians ; for we find that George 
 
 ward his Grandfon ; his Sons Hugh, Tho- Duke of Clarence, King Edward's Brother 
 
 r,ias, and Edward ( whofe Son Edward was < who had many forfeited Eftates given 
 
 his Heir) dying b&fore him, we find no- him at his Brother Edward's Acceflion 
 
 thing more of thefe 6r the other Vil- to the Crown) died poflefled of it \iEd.^. 
 
 Jaes of this Hundred. leaving an HeirE&iwnf Earl of Warwi<k, 
 
 Suttvn, a Village, whofe Manor with but it doth not appear that he enjoy 'd 
 
 all the Appertinances, Rents, Farms and his Father's Eftate. The Parfonage of 
 
 Bailywick belonging to it, was the Eftate this Town, which had been annexed to 
 
 and Pofleflion of the Monaftery ofAthel- the See ofWinlefter, was exchanged with 
 
 tuy in this County ; but falling into King K. Edward VI. for other Lands and E- 
 
 the Eight's Hands by the Diffolu- ftates i E.to. tf. 
 
 EaJi-Ham, the Lordmip of Edmund, 
 the eldeft Son of Edmund of Woodftock, 
 Earl of Kent, who died poflefled of it 
 z6 Edw. III. leaving it to Joan his Sifter, 
 the Wife of Sir Thomas Holland, who was 
 found to be his next Heir. A little be- 
 
 This Hundred is alfb fituate on the low this Town is 
 
 Southern Borders of the County, and is Hinton St. George, fituated on a Plain 
 
 founded on the Eaft with the Hundred raifed higher than'* the rich feeding 
 
 of Hound borough, on the South with Dor- Country that adjoins to it, yet much 
 
 fetjbire, from which it is divided by a lower than the neighbouring Hills; from 
 
 _famelefs Rivulet ; on the Weft by the which Plain in a clear Day, there is a 
 
 Hundreds of Kingsbttry and South Pether- va ft ProJpeft, extending fo far as to fee 
 
 icw, which with the Hundred ofTintinhi/t both Seas. This Excellency of Situa- 
 
 i.s the Northern Border. The Fee of tion hath been lately much improv'd by 
 
 this Hundred was in Edward Courtney, modelling the Park, and adorning it 
 
 Earl of Devon 7 Hen. 5. who then died w ith Plantations and fpaceous and beau- 
 
 poffcfled of it, and left it to his Son and t jf u l Gardens, made by John Earl Powlet t 
 
 Heir Hugh, and his Pofterity. The chief who hath his Seat here. This Family 
 
 Town in it is of Powlet being of the aniient Gentry of 
 
 Crukern,orCrookhorn,ca\\cdCpuccepne this Country, and feveral of them of 
 
 by the Saxons, perhaps from the Words great Figure in it; as Sir Amias Powlet, 
 
 Crufe, or Crux, and Herne, Cafa, a Town who being a Juftice of the Peace in King 
 
 three Furlongs in Length. It is fcated on Henry VIII. Days, put Cardinal Wolfey, 
 
 the River Pat-ret near the Confines of then but a Schoolmafter, in the Stocks ; 
 
 Dorfetjbire, and hath a confidcrable Mar- Sir Hugh Powlet, who was High Sheriff 
 
 ket fox Corn, Sheep, and other Ncccf- of this Shire and. Dorfet zS Hen. 8. and 24. 
 
 of 
 
 JLic/lrj tllvi J-Jicliii o AA*I*'-*J ** j % " 
 
 tion, were given by him to the Earl of 
 fautbampton. 
 
 XVI. The Hundred of CRUKERN. 
 
 \
 
 S O M E R S E f SHIR E. 
 
 77v 
 
 of the lame Reign, and the firft ofK. 
 Edward VI. and Sir Amias Po<wlet y in 
 Queen Elizabeth's Reign, was Chancellor 
 of the Garter, Governour of the Iflcs of 
 Jerfeyand Guernfey, and Privy Counccllor, 
 a Perlbn in fo great Eftcem for his Fi- 
 delity to his Miftrels, that fhe commit- 
 ted the Keeping of the Queen of Scots 
 to him, and he faithfully difcharged 
 his Truft both to his Miftrels and the 
 Prifoner ; for as he kept the one care- 
 fully, fo he would not fuffcr his Servant 
 to take a Bribe to betray her. The Ro- 
 tnanijls rail on him for being over ftrift 
 in his Charge, but in doing as he was or- 
 dered, he cannot be juftly blamed. He- 
 died in 15 . . and was buried in St. Mar- 
 tin's in the Field. 
 
 From this Sir Amias was dcfcended 
 Sir Join Pan-let, Son of Sir Anthony 
 Poivletf who by Letters Patent, bearing 
 Date fane %\. 3 Car. L was made Noble 
 under the Title of Baron Powkt of Hin- 
 ion St* Giorge ; which Honour Queen 
 Anne further augmented with the Titles 
 of Vifcount, and Earl Pvwlet of Hinton 
 St. George in the Perfon of Johit- his 
 Grandfon. John Lord Povulet Jhewed a 
 great Senfe-of his Majcfty's Favour, in 
 a&ing fo vigoroufly, as well as loyally 
 for him in the late Rebellion ; for he 
 railed a Regimentof Fifteea hundred Foot 
 for his Majefty's Service. He was a very 
 well accomphlh'd Gentleman, of quick 
 and clear Parts, and a bountiful Houfe- 
 keeper, infomuch that the fame King 
 consigned Moniieur &>*/;: theFrenchTLm- 
 bafiaqor to be entertained by him, which 
 he did for fome Months in the moft li- 
 beral manner. This Lordfhip came to 
 the Family by the Marriage of Sir Wil- 
 liam Poivlet with Elizabeth the Daughter 
 and Heir of John Denniband of thfs Place, 
 Efquire, whole Son the above mentioned 
 Amias Powlet was. The prelent Earl 
 Powlet is Join. 
 
 Meriet, the Lordfhip and Inheritance 
 of William Lord Bonvite, who was Heir 
 to it not by his father William Lord Ron- 
 vile, but as Coufin and ncareft akin to 
 John Bwile Efq; who departed this Life 
 
 4 Hen. 6. without Iflue, He va. 
 Governour of Exeter Caftle 31 Hen. 6. 
 
 Mijlerton, the Eftate and Demefne of 
 George, Duke of Clarence, as was found by 
 an Inquifition taken of his Lands after 
 his Death. He left an Heir, EdwardDukc 
 of Clarence, but he neither enjoy *d his 
 Liberty, nor his Father's Eftate, for he 
 was imprifon'd by his Uncle King Ri- 
 chard the Third in the Caftle of Sberiff- 
 Hctton in Yorkfiire ; and being, removed 
 from thence by King Henry 7. was put to 
 death by that King to clear his Son'su 
 Title to the Crown. 
 
 XVII. The Hundred of FROOM. 
 
 This 'Hundred ^is bounded on the Eaft 
 by Wiltfoire, from which it is parted a- 
 bout half way by the River Frame ; on the 
 South and the Weft by the Hundred of 
 Kilmerfden, and on the North by the Hun- 
 dred of Welkvb The Fee of this Hun- 
 dred is in the Crown, and under the Go- 
 vernment of the Sheriff. The chief Town 
 in this Hundred is 
 
 Frome-Selwood, a Market-town, where a 
 Market is weekly on Wednefday^ and the 
 Fair yearly on . . . The Inhabitants arc 
 chiefly fupported by the Woollen Ma- 
 nufa&ure. It takes its Name from the- 
 River Frome which runs by it, and the 
 Wood, called 6V<uw<f, by which it ftands. 
 From the Wood (as Ethelward tells us ) 
 the neighbouring Country was called Sel- 
 vjoodjbire (his Words are, Sealwudfcire y E- 
 pifi-ppatus Scireburgenjis, the Bilhoprick of " 
 Shirburn"). The Wood fpreads itlelf 
 long way both in Length, and Breadth, . 
 and is thick fet with Trees. Scarce two 
 Miles from this Town to the Weft is a 
 froall, but pretty neat Caftle, built by the 
 De la Marts, and from thence called 
 Ncnney de la Mare, from whom by InUe-- 
 ritance it. defccndcd to the Powleti. 
 
 The Vicarage o this Parifb is, or was 
 lately in the Patronage of the Family oF; 
 Thy an \ and Sir James Tbynn?, upon the 
 Renunciation of Mr. John lln>tr^hrty in, 
 i66z, becaufe he would not fubmii to 
 the A^L of. Uniformity, prefeiued to it. 
 
 Mr... 
 
 J
 
 sjl'6 S M V 
 
 'Mr. J-ofeph Glanvile, who being an Ad- 
 -mirerof the new way of philosophizing, 
 wrote a Book called The Vanity cf Dcg- 
 tnatiz'tntr; by which he gc-ined himfelf 
 fuch a Name among the Virtuffi, as they 
 were called, that ne was admitted a 
 Member of the Royal Society. In 1666 
 he was indu&ed Rcftor of the Church in 
 Bath dedicated to St. Peter and St. Paul; 
 and in 1672. exchanged this Vicarage 
 for the Re&ory of Streat cum Walton Ca- 
 fella with Mr. Jenkins. While Mr. Jen - 
 'kins was Vicar here, Richard AUein the 
 famous Non-conformift who had lived fe- 
 veral Years in this Parim, in the Houfe 
 of one Robert Smith, where he held his 
 Conventicle, died in 1681. and was bu- 
 ried in the Church there : Mr. Jenkins 
 preached his Funeral Sermon, and gave 
 him many Encomiums. He alfo mar- 
 ried Tho. Thynne of Longleat , Efq; to Lady 
 Elizabeth Ogle, Heir to the noble Family 
 of Percy 'j, who for many Succeflions were 
 Earls of Northumberland. She firice Mr. 
 Thynne's Death married to Charles the pre- 
 fent Duke of Somerfet. The Villages of 
 this Hundred are 
 
 Barkley, famous only for a Perfon of 
 Eminency, taking his Name from it, 
 viz- Alexander de Berkley, who being edu- 
 cated in Oriel College, found Thomas Cor- 
 nijJ} Bifhop of Tyne, and Suffragan of 
 Wells, then Provoft, a great Favourer of 
 his Perfon, and Encouragcr of his Stu- 
 dies. He travelled beyond Sea a while, 
 and after his Return was by the Intereft 
 of the faid Bifliop made one of the Priefts 
 of the College of St. Mary at Otery in 
 Devonjhire, founded by John Grandifon Bi- 
 fhop of Exeter. But his Patron dying, 
 he became a Benedittine Monk, and after 
 theDiflblution of the Abbies, being then 
 a DoQor of Divinity, he became Vicar 
 of Much Badew in Effex, and at length 
 1 546 Vicar of the Church of St. Matthew 
 the Apoftle at Wokey in this County, in 
 which Station he remained to his Death. 
 In his younger Days he was efteemed a 
 good Poet and Orator ; but in his later 
 Age he fpent his Time in pious Matters. 
 He has feveral Compofitious and Trail f- 
 
 E, 
 
 lations in Punt, and feems much delight- 
 ed in reading and tranflating the Lives 
 of the Saints, as St.Marr -.?#, St. Catha- 
 rine, &c. He died at Croyden, a Market- 
 town in Surrey, and was buried in the 
 Church there, leaving behind him the 
 Character of a learned Man with Ibme 
 that knew him. 
 
 BecJiington, a Village of Note for being 
 the Birth-place of Thomas Beckington, Do- 
 ctor of Laws, bred in New College, Ox- 
 ford. He was firft made Dean of the 
 Arches, and afterwards by King Henry 
 VI. was advanced to the Bifhoprick of 
 Bath and Wells, where we fhall Ipeak 
 more of him as a Bifhop ; and therefore 
 fliall fay no more here of him than that 
 while he was Dean of the Arches, he 
 wrote a Book to prove the Title of the 
 Kings of England to the Crown of France, 
 notwithftanding their pretended Salic 
 Law. In the Conteft for the Crown of 
 England between King Henry VI. and Ed- 
 ward Duke of York (afterwards King Ed- 
 ward IV.) he ftood firm to King Henry, 
 and did not forfake him in his loweft 
 Condition ; which tho' King Edward was 
 fenfible of, he did not remove him, be- 
 caufe he could obey the reigning King, 
 tho' he pitied the unfortunate one. He 
 gave a Legacy to the Poor of this his 
 native Place, and plentifully' provided 
 for his Kindred, by letting Leafes of the 
 Farms belonging to his See without any 
 Prejudice to the Revenue of the Bifhop- 
 rick. He died Jan. 14. 1464. 
 
 Alexander Huijb, Prebendary of Wed- 
 more Secunda in the Church of Wells, and 
 Reftor of this Pariih, was a great Suf- 
 ferer for the Royal andEpifcopal Caule. 
 He was taken into Cuftody, as a Delin- 
 quent, in 1640; but tho' he was much 
 molefted in the Enjoyment of his Pre- 
 ferments, he was formally difpoflefTcd of 
 this Living till 1650, after which he was 
 impriibn'd at Chadfield near Bradford in 
 Wiltfiire, and there fhut up in a Dun- 
 geon three Days without Provifion, but 
 at length obtained his Liberty by an Ex- 
 change of Prifoners. He lived to the 
 Reftoration, and was reftored to his Pre- 
 ferments, 
 
 \
 
 S M E R SEfSHIRE. 
 
 Ill 
 
 ferments, which he enjoy'd to his Death 
 in i<J<JS. He was a learned Man, a good 
 Divine, and Linguift, and aflifted in put- 
 ting out the Polyglot. 
 
 Elme, the Manor and Eftate of Hum- 
 phrey Stafford Earl of Devon, of the Fa- 
 mily of the St affords of Soiitbwike, and 
 Heir of the Stafford! of HooTie, who died 
 poflefled of it pHew.IV.and was buried in 
 
 tween his two Sifters, Melicent the Wife 
 of l<oo le Zouch, and J-oan the Wife of 
 Henry Hafl'tngs, to whom, upon the Parti- 
 tion, this Manor came, and JofaHajHx&t 
 her Son inherited it with divers other 
 Eftates. But i Hen.V. both thefe Manors 
 were united in the Eftate of William 
 LordStourton, who died poflefled of them 
 that Year, and left them to his Son John, 
 
 Glajlonbury Abbey Church in an Arch of in whole Pofteriry they continued Tome 
 
 the South Crofs. 
 
 La-verton, the Demefne of Sir J-ohn Tip- 
 toft, who died poflefled of it 21 Hen. VI. 
 leaving it with divers great Eftates to 
 John his Son and Heir, who was by the 
 lame King Reg. ^^. advanced to the Dig- 
 nity of Earl of Worcefter, and made Lord 
 Deputy of Ireland. 
 
 Mr. 5 t o&Emi>//wasReaor of this Pa - 
 rifli, when the Troubles began, and was 
 fe^ueftred from it for refufing to take 
 the Covenant ; as was alfo his temporal 
 Eftate in the Parifh. He was imprifon'd, 
 land laid \6 Weeks (except two Nights) 
 in Straw. He lived to be reftorcd. He 
 Was a learned, quiet Man. 
 
 LuHington, or Lolingtone, one of the Ma- 
 nors which Harold the Son of Godwine, 
 Earl of Kent, poflefled in King Edward 
 the Confeflbr's Reign, as appears by 
 Domefday - Book. He was afterwards 
 made King, and being overcome by Wil- 
 liam the Norman, loft rtot only his Life 
 and Kingdom, but his vaft Eftate, which 
 came into theConqueror's Hands, and was 
 by him given to and among his great 
 
 SuccefTions. 
 
 Philips Norton, a famous Market- town, 
 which takes its Name from the Dedica- 
 tion of the Church to St. Philip, and is fo 
 called, to diftinguifli it from divers other 
 Towns named Norton in this County, and 
 fome in this Hundred. Ic hath one long 
 Street four Furlongs long. The Market 
 is on Friday weekly, and two Fairs year, 
 ly, one on St. Philip and James's Day, 
 
 May T. And the other on One 
 
 of thefe Fairs for a Whole-Sale Trade is 
 reputed as great a Fair as any is in Eng- 
 land, for one Day. 
 
 Rode, Roade, or Rood, theLordfliipand 
 Demefne of Lawrence de S. Maur, or Sey- 
 mour, who 1 1 Edw.l. obtained a Grant 
 for a Market uyonThurfday every Week 
 at this his Manor of Rode, and a Fair 
 yearly on the Eve, Day and Morrow of 
 St. Margaret 'he Virgin, July zo. He died 
 poflefled of it 24 Ed<w. I. and left it to 
 Nicholas his Son and Heir, in whofe Po- 
 fterity it continued till ir>Hen. IV. when, 
 Male Iflue failing in Ri(kard S. Maur, 
 it was after his Death allotted to his Re- 
 
 Captains and Commanders, who attended lift Mary, for her Dowry during Life; 
 him in this adventurous Expedition. 
 
 The Parfonage of this Place in Edward 
 VI's Reign was the Eftate of Sir Thomas 
 Hineage, who exchanged it with chc King 
 for other Eftates, Reg- ^. 
 
 Merjhton, or Merfton Bigot, or Great, 
 and Parva ; the former was 17 Ediv. III. 
 the Demefne of John Lord Beauchamp of 
 Hacche, in whofe Family it continued 
 fome Succeflions ; but in the Reign of 
 King Edward IV. it was found thatH#>- 
 fhrey Stafford Earl of Devon died poflefled 
 of it. Merflon Parva lEdw. I. was the 
 
 /t Jl i 
 
 and afcer her Dcceafe it fell to Alice, their 
 fole Daughter and Heir, who became the 
 Wife of Sir William le Zouch Kt.and car- 
 ried it into his Family. By him fhe had 
 a Son, named alfo William, who inhe- 
 rited this Manor, and her other Eiiate, 
 which he left to another William, who 
 bore the Title of Lord Zou.ie and S. 
 Maur from his Grandmother. In hisPo- 
 fterity this Manor continued, till the 
 Heirs general Elizabeth and Mary mar- 
 ried into other Families. 
 
 Wliatley, Wateley, orWatledge, the Ma- 
 
 Eftate of George de Cantllupe, who dving nor and Eftate of William Earl of Ewe, 
 without Iffue, his Eftate was divided be- as appears froai Domefday-Book, where- 
 
 Fffff 
 
 in 
 
 j
 
 77$ 
 
 SO ME R S E f'S ff IRE. 
 
 in this Earl's great Riches and Poflefli- fore written againft the King's Divorce, 
 
 ons are recorded. This Manor conti- was condemned for High Treafon at 
 
 Tiued in his Family till the Reign of Welh, and hanged in his Monks Attire 
 
 King Henry III. when it was the Poflef- upon an Hill adjoining to his Abbey, by 
 fion of Robert Waleran, a great Favourite 
 in that Reisn. This Robert 51 Her.. III. 
 
 gav 
 
 e this Manor and fome others in o- 
 
 which means the Lands and Revenues 
 of the Abbey, and with them the Fee of 
 this Hundred was forfeited to the King, 
 
 ther Counties to Alan Plugenet his Ne- and is now in the Crown, govern'd by 
 phew, (viz- the Son of his Sitter Alice} the Sheritf as other Hundreds in this and 
 
 to hold to him the faid Alan, and the 
 Heirs of his Body, paying yearly to him 
 the faid Robert and his Heirs an Hundred 
 and twenty Pounds at the four ufual 
 Terms of the Year ; but at the fame time 
 
 other Counties are. The Chief Town is 
 Glajfenbury, or Glajtfutmiy, which is 
 chiefly famous for itsMonaftery, which 
 was not only very large, like a fmall 
 Town, but very antient; the firft in Eng- 
 
 they were all regrantcd to him the laid Jand, laid to be built in the Apoftles 
 Rcbert by the faid Alan, and to the Heirs Times by Jofeph of Arimatkta, who was 
 of his Body ; and for Default of fuch If- fenc by them thither to convert the Bri- 
 Jbc, to return to the faid Alan and his tains; but in this refpo& it is not proper 
 Keirs, which happen 'd accordingly ; and to fpcak of it in this Place, becaufe we 
 fo this Manor and the Reft of hisEftates give an Account of Monafteries in our 
 came into the Family of flukenets, or Church Hiftory. We fliall therefore 
 Plugenets. Alan fhtgenet enjoy'd this Ma- treat of the Town of Glaftenbury in this 
 nor during his Life, and lefc it to his Place. The Britains called it Ynifnvytrin, 
 Son Alan; but his Grandfon Alan having which afterwards the Saxons interpreted 
 
 no Iffue, this Manor and feveral other 
 Eftatcs defcended to J-oan de Bolun his 
 Sifter and Heir, who dying without Iffue 
 alfo i Edw. III. all the Lands of her In- 
 heritance patted to Sir Richard Ae la, Bere 
 
 into Glaftenbury, I. e. theGlafly I (land, in 
 Latin Glafconia. It is alfo called the 
 IJland of Avalonia, from the Britijb Name 
 Avalla, which fignifies Apples, becaufe 
 the Soil there is naturally fertile of that 
 
 fhe whole Blood to Alan Plugenet her 
 Father. 
 
 . XVIII. The Hundred of GLASTON. 
 
 Kt. Son of Rifhard de la Bere, Brother of Fruit, which was found plentifully there 
 
 when it was firft cleared from Wood 
 and Bufhes, and made habitable. It is 
 encompafled almoft round with Rivers, 
 which make it an Ifland ; and being by 
 Nature a Place of Solitude, was thought 
 This Hundred muclwefembles a Tri- a fit Place for a Monaftery. The Town 
 
 angle, being bounded on the Eaft Side at prefent is large and well built, con. 
 
 with the Hundred of Whijton, which meets taining two PariOi Churches, with a' good 
 
 with the other Side in an Angle which Market weekly on Tuefdays, and two 
 
 touches upon the Hundred of Somerton ; Fairs yearly, viz- on the Nativity of the 
 
 on the Weft Side with the Hundred of Virgin Mary, Sept. 8. and on Michaelmas- 
 
 WUtleigh, and on the North Side, which day. The chief Goods then fold 
 
 is the Bafts, with the Hundred of Wells. 
 
 The Fee of this Hundred, it is not to be 
 
 doubted, was in the Abbot ofGlafionbnry, 
 
 without whofe Leave, by a Grant of 
 
 King Canute, none might enter into the 
 
 Ifle ; and fo continued till the Diflblu- 
 
 are 
 
 lion of the Abbey, whenRiibard Whiting, 
 the luft Abbot, denying to fubfcribe the 
 Rcfignation of his Abbey, and haying be- 
 
 Horfes and fat Cattle, but in leflerQua,n- 
 tity almoft all NecerTaries of Life. 
 
 The Lordfhip of this Town was in the 
 Reign of King Henry VI. the Eftate of 
 William Lord Bonvile, who being beheaded 
 at St. Albam for rebelling againft that 
 King, in affifting Ed-ward Duke of York, 
 then contending for the Crown, left 
 it to his Grand- daughter Cicely* the 
 
 >augh- 
 
 \
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 779 
 
 Daughter of William Lord Rtrrington his 
 Son, who was flain fome Months before 
 in WakefeU Battle ; but Elizabeth her 
 Grandmother had it affigned to her with 
 feveral other Manors ror her Dowry, 
 and en joy 'd it for Life. 
 
 The greateft Rarities of this Place are 
 I. The two Pyramids, which (land at a 
 little Diftance from the old Church, and 
 facing the Monks Church-yard. The 
 talleft, which ftands neareft the Church, 
 is divided into five Stages, or Stories, and 
 is in Height twenty-fix Feet. This which 
 is ready to fall with Age, hath yet fome 
 Monuments of Antiquity plainly legible, 
 but not fo eafy to be underftood : For 
 in the uppermoft Story there is an I- 
 mage in a Bifhop's Vcftiments; on the 
 next is a Figure reprefentirg a King in 
 Robes with thefe Letters * HER. SEXI. 
 and(*) BLYSIER. On the third are 
 thefe Names ( b ) VVEMEREST. BAN- 
 TOMP and (O PINEPEYN. On the* 
 fourth is written (rf) HATS PVLFRED 
 and EANrLED. On the fifth which is the 
 Joweft there is an Image with this In- 
 fcription by it (0 LOGPOR PESLICAS 
 and BREGDEN (/) SPELPES (#) 
 KYIN and BERN. The other Pyramid 
 is eighteen Foot high, and hath four 
 Stories, on which are read thefe Words - 
 HEDDE EPISCOPVS BREGORED 
 and (b) BEORNARD. What thefe In- 
 fer iptions mean, our learned Men do not 
 pretend positively to determine, but on- 
 ly venture to deliver this as probable, 
 that the Bones of thofe Men, whofe 
 Names are written on the Outfide, are 
 inclofed in hollow Stones within. As 
 for Logpor, or Log<wor t he is thought to 
 be the Perfon that gave Name to Log- 
 peresbeork, now called Montacate^ 
 
 den did to Brentamtftt, now Erentmeres* 
 and "Beorntvald was Abbot after Hemgfil, 
 as will be feen among the Abbats in the 
 Church Hiftory. 
 
 2. The famous Haw-thorn, which was 
 obferved to bud on Cbrijtmxfs- day yearly, 
 as if it were in May, The old one was 
 cut down by the Soldiers in theTimes of 
 the late Civil Wars ; but there are fome 
 Trees of it ftill in the Country, which are 
 faid to be rais'd from fome Branches of 
 it, as particularly one in the Garden of 
 Mr. W. Sir ud, who is the Owner of the 
 Ground, where the old one ftood ; and 
 another in a Garden now belonging to 
 an Inn in the Town: And becaufe they 
 are valued by the Curious in Gardening, 
 there is a Perfon about this Town, who 
 has rais'd a Nurfery of them, which he 
 fells for a Crown a-piece, or as much as 
 he can get. Air. Ray, the great Botanift, 
 is of Opinion that this Haw-thorn fo much 
 admired, differs but accidentally from 
 the Frutex commonly fo called, and hath 
 afcribed the fingular Effed of its Bud- 
 ding at Chrljlmas either to Chance, or 
 Art, which laft feems aflcrted without 
 Ground. 
 
 3. The Walnut-tree here, which ne- 
 ver buds before the Feaft of St. Brr- 
 nabas ; and on that very Feaft-day 
 fhoots out Leaves in Abundance. Mr. 
 Ray before-mentioned thinks that this 
 Tree is, what is commonly called by Bo- 
 tanifts Nux Sanffi jfoharwis, which (hoots 
 out about Midfummcr, or the Nativity 
 of St. J-obn Bapt'eft, which is xaDaysaf-' 
 tcr the Feaft of St. Barnabas : But cjitfrt, 
 Whether the different Time of Leaving, 
 and the Plenty of Leaves then fliot out 
 may not be an Argument that it is & 
 diitina Plant. 
 
 *N. B. Thefe are the Words of the hfcrbtions, as Dr. Gale, Hi ft. Brit. Vol. i. p. :prt. 
 reprefenti them as now read', but they differ from W. of Malmsbury'j 'A co:tr.t ' n:ud:, 
 for be read them ihm: () BLISWJ-JRH. ( t) WEMCHFSTE. (<:) VViN.-- \VKGN-. 
 
 (rf)HATE WVLFRED. (*) LoGWOR WF.SLIEtAS. (/) S\VELWS. 
 
 CEIVDES. (i) BEORWALDE. 
 
 Fffff 2 
 
 Men 
 
 J
 
 780 
 
 SOME RJTE f'S HIRE. 
 
 Men of Note born in, or Mali ting ibis 
 are 
 
 Dunftan, who was afterward the Abbot 
 of this Monaftery, Bimop of London and 
 Wcrcefter, and at Length Archbimop of 
 Canterbury. He being a great Promoter 
 of the Monaftick Life, hath gain'd there- 
 by the Name of a Saint among theMon- 
 kifli Writers, and that defervedly from 
 them, becaufe he built them a noble 
 Abbey here, and became the firft Abbat 
 of it. He lived in divers Kings Reigns, 
 and underwent almoft as many Changes 
 of his Fortune, being ibmetimes in Fa- 
 vour with the King, and fomctimes in 
 Banifhment, which are particularly re- 
 lated in Fuller's Church Hiftory. He died 
 Attno 988. His Skill in. the Smith's Art 
 was ip great, that the Goldfmiths in 
 London are incorporated by the Name 
 of the Company of St. Bunjlan's. 
 
 David Brooke, Knt. Son of J-dhn Brooke, 
 Serjeant at 'Law to King Henry VIII. He 
 was bred up in. the Study of our Muni- 
 cipal Law, arid was made by Queen 
 Mary, Reg. i. Chief Baron of the Ex- 
 chequer. Whether he died in his Of- 
 fice, or quitted it when Queen Eliza- 
 leth came to the Throne, we cannot dif- 
 cover. He married Katharine the Daugh- 
 ter of Jtbn Lord Sbandos, but left no 
 Iflue. 
 
 e^ or Mear, the Demefhe of J-ohn 
 Lord Stourton, who by his Teftamenr, 
 bearing Date Aug. 8. 1484. z Rich. III. 
 bequeathed his Body to be buried in the 
 Chapel of his Chantry of the Blefled Vir- 
 gin in the Parifh-Church of Mere, ap- 
 pointing that the whole Revenue of all his 
 Lands, which he had purchafed of Edith 
 Claymord in this Parifli, fhould be em- 
 ployed for the Maintenance of a.Prieft 
 to pray for his Soul every Day, and for 
 the Souls of his Anceftors ; as alfo to ce- 
 lebrate his Obit yearly with the Obit of 
 Katharine his Wife and all his Anceftors. 
 Wotton, the Lordftiip of Hugh. Courtney, 
 Earl of Devon, of which he died poflefled 
 4z Ed<w. III. without Iflue, leaving hi* 
 
 Eftate to his two Sifters, Margaret, and 
 Muriel, the Wife of J-ohn Dlrlham ; but 
 to which of them upon the Partition this 
 Manor paflcd, we do not know. There 
 are many other Villages in this Hundred, 
 of which we have 110 Difcoveries. 
 
 XIX. The Hundred of HORETHORX, or 
 HOREHORN. 
 
 This Hundred lies on the Southern 
 Border of the County, and is bounded on 
 the Eaft and South by Dorfetjlrire, on the 
 Weft with the River Evel, which parts 
 it from Stone Hundred, and the Hundred 
 of Barwick ; and on the North with the 
 Hundreds of Cattefiajb and Norton-Ferris. 
 The Fee of thisHundredis in theCrown, 
 and under the Government of the She- 
 riff. The chief Town of it is 
 
 Mlllourn-Port, a Borough-Town, lend- 
 ing Burgefles to Parliament, but no 
 Market-Town, nor Corporation. The 
 Manor of this Town being in the Hands 
 of King Htnry III. tho' belonging to Guy 
 de la Vat, he gave it to Hubert de Burgb, 
 Earl of Kent, to hold till fuch Time as 
 the King fhould think fit to make Refti- 
 tution of it to the Heirs of Guy ; and 
 within a few Days after, in Confi dera- 
 tion of his eminent Services done to his 
 Father King John and himfelf, by the 
 Advice of his Privy Council, he had a 
 Grant of the great Office of Juftice of 
 England for Life, &*c. We fuppofe that 
 upon the Death of Hubert this Manor re- 
 turned to the Crown, and was given by 
 King Ed-ward III to TTiomas de Woodjlock, 
 then Earl of Kent, in whofc Pofterity it 
 continued fome Succeflions, and was let- 
 tied in Dowry upon Elizabeth, 27 Ed. III. 
 the Rclift of John Earl of Kent, Grand- 
 fon of Edmund of Woodfock. 
 
 Charlton-Camvile, the Lordfliip of Ger- 
 hard de Camiile 5 Sttfh. who gave two 
 Parts of the Tithes of this his Manor to 
 the Monks of Bermondfey in Surrey. In 
 this Family it continued till the Death 
 of Richard de Camvile, i 7 John, who left 
 it with his other Eftate to his only 
 Daughter and Heir Idonea, who married 
 WiHiam foLongefo, the Son of William de 
 
 LW- 
 
 \
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 78* 
 
 Longefpe, Earl of Salisbury, in which Ti- 
 tle it continued, we fuppofe, by the Mar- 
 riage of the Heir General of the Lon- 
 geffe's into the Family of Montacute, Wil- 
 liam Montacute y Earl of Salisbury, dying 
 poflefled of it 20 Ricls.ll. leaving his Ho- 
 nour and Eftatc to Sir John Montacute his 
 Coufin and next Heir; but Elizabeth his 
 Widow furviving, had for her Dowry an 
 Aflignation of this and leveral Manors 
 more. From this Family this Manor 
 pafled in the Reign of King Henry VI. 
 to John Duke of Bedford, who died pof- 
 fefled of it in that King's Reign, Anno 
 12. leaving the King his Heir. 
 
 Gorton, a fmall Village, where, as four 
 labouring Men were digging in the com- 
 mon Field Jan. 17. 1722-3 two Miles 
 from Sherburn, in order to make an In- 
 clofure, one of them ftruck his Spade 
 upon a Roman Urn, in which were no- 
 thing el PC but Roman Coins, near two 
 Quarts. They were Coins chiefly of 
 Valerian and Gallienus, who ruled from 
 A. C. 258 to 271. Aurelian, who ruled 
 from 273 to 278. Tacitus, who reigned 
 A. C. 278. Tlorianu! and Probus, who ruled 
 from 279 to 286. None later, and fome 
 before. Moft of them are fair and plain. 
 They are in the Hands of the Reftor of 
 the Parifli, who knows the Value of 
 them. 
 
 Gothill, Gathulle, or Cathulle, the Eftate 
 of William JVlonta-cute, Earl of Salisbury, 
 who dying without Iflue, left hisHonour 
 and large Eftarc to Sir- John Montacute, 
 Knt. his Coufin and next Heir; bttt Eli- 
 zabeth his Lady furviving him, Ihe had 
 for her Dowry an Aflignation of this and 
 divers other Manors, and held them to 
 her Death, 
 
 Henjlridge, Hen/trig, or Henjlrugge, the 
 Manor and Eftate of Henry Lacy, Earl 
 of Lincoln, 5 Edw. II. of Henry Earl of 
 Lancajter, by his Marriage with Alice 
 Lacy, i 5 Edw. II. of John Earl of War- 
 ren ^ 19 Edw. III. of William Adontacute, 
 Earl of Salisbury, 20 Rich. II. whofe Re- 
 lift Elizabeth had it for her Dowry, with 
 Gof&zV/and other Manors; and laftly of 
 Join Duke of Bedford, who died poflefled 
 
 of it 12 Henry VI. and left the King, 
 whofe Uncle he was, his Heir. 
 
 Kymeton, or Kilmeton, the Demcfne of 
 John Lord Mohun, who died poflefled of 
 it iEdw.1. and left it to his Son and 
 Heir John, in whofe Pofterity it conti- 
 nued, till by the Heirs General this Ma- 
 nor and their other Eftates pafled to 
 other Families. 
 
 Kingsbury, the Lordfhip of Edmtjtf 
 Earl of Kent, fecond Son to King Ed- 
 ward I. who being born at Woodjlock, was 
 commonly called Edmund of Wocdjlock. 
 King Edward II. after the Wars with 
 Scotland, in which this Edmund had been 
 Reg. 13. made him a Grant in Tail ge- 
 neral of divers Manors, Lords and Rents 
 of the yearly Value of Two thoufand 
 Marks, which not being afligned. pre- 
 fently, the King, Reg. i 5. having created 
 him Earl of Kent,\n further Supplement 
 of the Two thoufand Marks above grant-, 
 ed, added this Manor of Kingsbury. He 
 was executed for High Treafon ; but his 
 Son EtAmund being a Minor, was reftor'd 
 in Parliament, and (b inherited the 
 grcateft Part of his Eftate, as well as his 
 Honour, among which was this Manor, 
 He lived but a little Time after, and 
 the whole Eftate pafled to his Brother- 
 John, who dying without Iflue, his Si. 
 fter Joan was Heir to his Eftate ; but 
 this Manor was afligned to Elizabeth his 
 ReliQ:, as Part of her Dowry. Joan was 
 then the Wife of Sir John Holland Kt. 
 
 Marflott,-n fmall Village, but render'd 
 worthy of our Notice,"becaufe it gives 
 the Title of Baron to Charles Boyle, Earl 
 of Orrery, and Baron Boyle of Broghi/l in 
 the Kingdom of Ireland, who was created 
 Baroa oiMarflon in England, Sept. 5. 1 7 1 1. 
 Stowett, the Demefne of John Lord 
 Tiptoft, who died poflefled of it ziHen.VI. 
 leaving it to his Son John, who was ad- 
 vanced by the fame King Ree>. 27. to the 
 Title of Earl of Worcejler. His Pofterity 
 enjoy 'd this and his other Eftates, tiJl 
 Iflue Male failing, they came to be di- 
 vided between his HeirsGeneraJ, ?&/'///>/>*, 
 Joan and Joyce, by whom they paw in- 
 to divers other Families. This Place is . 
 
 reo-s
 
 782 SO 
 
 rcnder'd famous by being the Seat of 
 that eminently loyal Gentleman Sirjfoln 
 Stoivel, who was defcended of a Knight- 
 ly Family, which had flourifh'd above 
 200 Years in thefe Parts, ferving their 
 King and Country in Peace, as Alagi- 
 ftrates, and in War, as Commanders. 
 This Sir John, in the Beginning of the 
 late Civil Wars, while there was any 
 Hopes of Peace, ufed all the Methods 
 imaginable to pacify the People, and 
 keep them quiet; and when he found 
 them bent upon War, being in theCom- 
 miflion of Array, he forced them to 
 Subje&ion, and raifed Men and Money 
 to fupport hisMajefty's Caufe elfewhere. 
 *Whcn the War was hot on both Sides, 
 he with fome other Gentlemen of the 
 County kept Brid?<water for the King ; 
 and when it was taken by the Parliament 
 Forces, he was made a Prifoner, where 
 contrary to the Articles of Surrender he 
 tvas kept in Prifon 14 Years, till King 
 Charles IT. was about to return to his Do- 
 minions. He was releafed, and qjet his 
 Majefty at Charing-Crofs, May 29. 1660. 
 \vith a Band of Loyal Gentlemen and 
 old Officers of the King's Army, which 
 was efteemed one of the fineft Sights of 
 .that glorious Day : He died Febr. 21. 
 1661-2. being of great Age. Several of 
 this Family of this Place were High She- 
 riffs of the County, -viz.' 16 Etiz. &\rj-ohn 
 .Stowell, 58 ditto, Sir Join Stowefl; $Car. L 
 .another Sir John Stowell, probably the 
 jLoyal Gentleman above described. Tho- 
 mas Lord Weft died poflefled of a third 
 Part of theManor of thisTown. zoRic.II. 
 In the Church of this Place was a 
 Chantry, to the Priefts of which John 
 Franke, Matter of the Rolls, in the Reign 
 of King Henry VI. gave an Annual Pen- 
 Jion or twelve Marks out of the Manor 
 of Wadley, when he fettled the faid Ma- 
 nor, and the Patronage of the Chantry 
 upon Oriel College, Oxford. 
 
 XX, The Hundred of HUNDSBOROUG, 
 or HOUNDSBOROUH. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded oa the Eaft 
 by the Hundred of Coker, on the South 
 
 M E R S E? S H I RE. 
 
 by the County of Dorfet, on the Weft by 
 the Hundred of Crukehern, and on the 
 North by the Hundred of South-Petherton. 
 The Fee of this Hundred is in the Crown, 
 and Government in the High Sheriff. 
 The Villages of which we have any No- 
 tice, (for it hath no Market-Town in it) 
 are 
 
 Odcomb, which, tho* but a very fmall 
 Town, claims the firft Place, becaufe it 
 was antiently a Barony, and gave the Ti- 
 tle to WiUlam de Briewer (as his Father 
 was called, becaufe he was born in Erl- 
 ceto, or an Heath). He having great In- 
 tereft at Court in the Reign of King 
 Henry II. But being a particular Favou- 
 rite of King Richard I. ( for when King 
 Richard went into the Holy Land, he was 
 joined with the Bifliops of Durham and 
 Ely, to govern the Realm, &>c. ) was re- 
 fpe&ed and carefled by all, and got a 
 very large Eftate by that means, with 
 which,by theMarriage of his five Daugh- 
 ters, (for he left but two Sons, and both 
 of them died without Iflue) he made a 
 great Acceffion to the Eftates of the 
 Braofes, Mohuns, la, Ferts, and Percyes. 
 But to which of them upon the Partition 
 this Lordlhip came, we have not difco- 
 vered; yet fuppofe that it fell to the 
 Braofes, becaufe we find that Roger de 
 Mortimer married Maud, the Daughter 
 and Coheir of William de Braofe, and had 
 this Manor of Odcomb in his Pofleffion, 
 which at his Death being in theDifpofai 
 of Maud, fhe fettled two Parts of this 
 Manor of Odcomb upon one of her youn- 
 ger Sons, Sir William Mortimer Knt. But 
 we fuppofe it was only for her Life, be- 
 caufe her Eldeft Son Edmund died feized 
 of it 52 Edtv. I. And Margaret his Widow 
 had this Manor for Part of her Dowry. 
 This Manor continued after this divers 
 Succcffions in this Family of Mortimers; 
 for Edmund the laft Earl of this Family 
 died poflefled of it 3 Hen. VI. He left no 
 Iflue; whereupon Richard Plantagetiet, 
 Duke of York, as Coufin and Heir loEd- 
 mund, being the Son of Anne Mortimer h& 
 Sifter, was by Inquifitiou found to be en- 
 titled to his great Inheritance, which 
 laid the Foundation of the Civil Wars 
 
 between
 
 SO ME R S E f SHIRE. 
 
 783 
 
 between the Houfes of Lancafter and Ycrk 
 for the Crown. 
 
 Mr. George Cory at, B. D. was Rcftor of 
 this Church. He was a Prebendary in 
 the Church of Tork in the Prebend of 
 Warthill, and had fome other Dignities. 
 He was much commended in Ifis Time 
 for his fine Fancy in Latin Poetry, and 
 other Matters which he hath written ; 
 but only his Poems, and the Defcription 
 of England, Scotland, and Ireland, dedicated 
 to Queen Elizabeth, are come to our 
 Knowledge. He died at O&omb, Mar. 16. 
 1606-7, and was buried in the Chancel 
 of Odcomb Church, Apr. 14. 1607. by his 
 Succeflbr Mr. Goffop. His Widow lived 
 many Years after him at Odcomb, or near 
 it ; for foe was buried by him Apr. ^. 
 1645- 
 
 Cbinnoclr Weft, and Middle (for of Eaft 
 Chinnock, which is in the Hundred of S. 
 Petberton t we have no Account) were the 
 Lordfliips of Humphrey Stafford Earl of 
 Devon, who died feized of them 9 ~Edtv.IV. 
 and leaving no Ifluc, his whole Eftate 
 fell to his Coufins and Heirs, the Daugh- 
 ters of his Uncle William Stafford, and lb 
 pafled into other Families by their Mar- 
 riage. 
 
 Thomas Gawter was Re&or of one, if 
 not both thefe Parifhes in the Time of 
 rhe Civil Wars. He was -turned out a. 
 bout the Year 1 646. for refufing the Co- 
 venant, and becaufc he unwillingly left 
 the Parfonage-houfe. He was dilpoflef- 
 fed by a Troop of Horfe. All his Goods 
 were feized, and his Temporal Eftate, 
 worth 1 20 Pounds per Ann. put under 
 Sequeftration, and fo he held it of them 
 at a certain Rent. He was once taken 
 up by a Serjeant at Arms, and kept Pri- 
 foner two or three Months, at 20 /. a 
 Day Expence, befides other Charges. He 
 had a Wife and feven Children ; and 
 when he demanded his Fifths to main- 
 tain them, the Incumbent fet him out 
 two Spinning Wheels, and bad him fct 
 his Daughters to fpin for their Living, 
 He lived to be reftored to all, and died 
 in great Repute. 
 
 Rafelbear,the Lord/hip of Alan Plugenet, 
 \yho died pofTefled of it 27 Ed*v< I. lea- 
 
 ving it to Alan his Son and Heir, who 
 leaving no Iflue, jfoan de Bohun his Sifter 
 became his Heir: But (he alfo dying 
 childlefs, her Inheritance fell to Sir Ri- 
 chard de la Bere Knt. Son of Richard de la- 
 Bere, Brother of the whole Blood to Alan 
 Plugenet her Father, i Edw. III. But this 
 Manor was alienated in thefameReign ; 
 for lngelra.ni de Gbifnes Lord Cou:?, and af- 
 terwards Earl of Bedford, obtained a Grant 
 of this Manor of the faid King (whofe 
 Daughter Ifa'cel he had married) to him, 
 and the Heirs of his Body by the faid, 
 Ifabel; me left two Daughters, Mary and 
 Pb.lippa, by one of whom we fuppofe this 
 Manor was carried by Marriage into the 
 Family of theHo//rt^j, Earls of Huntington; 
 becautein ^.Hen. 5. Richard the Son oijo^n 
 Holland, Earl of Kuntingtcn died poflefled- 
 of this Manor among many other great 
 Ettates, without Ifiue, leaving Join his 
 Brother his Heir, who died pofleflcd of- 
 it, and left it to his Son Henry, \vho ha- 
 ving no Iflue, his Eftate palled to flic 
 Heirs General, and fo into other Fami- 
 lies. ' 
 
 Parret-North, fo called from the River 
 Parret, near the Rife of which it (lands; 
 and by the Name of North, from its Si^ 
 tuation Northward to South Par ret in 
 Dorfetjhire. This Manor was the Eftate 
 of Reginald Weft, Lord de la Ware, who 
 died feized of it 29 Hen. VI. leaving it to 
 his Son and Heir Richard and his Pofte- 
 rity, who have en joy 'd it many Succcf* 
 fions, down to our Days ; Henry Wejl be- 
 ing at prefent Lord de la Ware, who hath, 
 a Son John* 
 
 XXL The Hundred of KEY NS HAM. 
 
 This Hundred is fituate in the North 2 
 Part of the County, and is bounded on. 
 that Side by Gb:ejlerjl)ire, from which it, 
 is divided by the River Avon; on the 
 Eaft by the Hundreds of WeHo<w*nd Bath- 
 form, on the South by the Hundred of- 
 Chew, which is its Boundary, on the Weft. 
 The Fee of this Hundred is in the Crown, 
 and fo under the Goverment of the High 
 Sheriff, The Chief Town which gives . 
 Name to the Hundred, is
 
 7*4 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Canefiam, or Keynjham,a. Market-Town, 
 whofe Market is weekly on Thurfday, 
 and Fair yearly. ... It feems to be a fog- 
 gy, fmoky Place, becaufe it is prover- 
 bially called Smoky Canefiam. Here is a 
 fine Stone-Bridge over the Awn in the 
 Road into Gfaefterfiire. The Trade of 
 the Town is Malting chiefly. The Kings 
 of England had antiently, if they have 
 not at prefent, a Chafe for the Ranging 
 of Deer ; for King Henry III. Reg. 8. ha- 
 ving made Ralph de Wilington Govcrnour 
 of Brijlol Cattle, gave him alfo the War- 
 denfliip of the Chafe at Kainjbam. Some 
 of our Antiquaries will have this Town, 
 becaule in vulgar Speech it hath the 
 Name of Car.gton, to be an Evidence that 
 the Cangi were feated in this Part of the 
 County ; but others will have it fb called 
 from Caina, a devout BrztiJhVirgin (from 
 whom the Kelnes of this County have 
 thought themfelvesdefcended,and)whom 
 many, in the Times of Popery reigning 
 in this Nation, thro* their over credulous 
 Temper, believed to have changed Ser- 
 pents into Stonesjbecaufe there are found 
 in the Quarries thereabouts fome fuch 
 fporting Miracles of Nature /'. e. Stones in 
 the Fafhion of .Serpents. The Author 
 of the Additions to Cambden tells us, that 
 he had feen a Stone brought from thence 
 like a Serpent in a Round, the Head 
 whereof, tho' but imperfeft. jetted out 
 (as it teemed) iu the Circumference, and 
 rhe End of the Tail was in the Center, 
 but mod of them want the Head. Thefe 
 Sort of Stones the Naturalifts gene- 
 rally agree to be formed in Nautili- 
 Shells, and that there are no Heads be- 
 longing to them. Indeed many of them 
 have rough and broken Pieces of Stone 
 ifluing from them beyond the moulded 
 Wreath at the broad End, which may 
 lead one to imagine that thofe Pieces 
 were imperfeft Heads; but really they 
 were not fo. Such kind of Snakc-ftones 
 -of all Sifces, from about a Foot to an 
 Inch or two Diameter, are 'found fre- 
 quently in their Quarries. 
 
 Brijlleton, which is written in antient 
 Records "Brljllngton, and BruJIIington, a 
 Imall Village fituatc upon the Aven y was 
 
 the Lordfaip and Eftate of Roger Lord^ 
 Warre, by his Marriage of Ifabel, Sifter 
 and Coheir of William, Earl of Glocefter, 
 44 E^foy. III. when he died feiied or it, 
 leaving it to his Son and Heir Sir J-ohn la, 
 Warre Knt. This Sir John becoming 
 Lord la Wane, was, fummoned to Parlia- 
 ment among the Barons the fame Year ; 
 but through Age, or other Infirmities 
 obtained a fpecial Difpenfation, to be 
 exempt from coming to Parliaments, or 
 to attend the King in his Wars, or other- 
 wile, againlt his own Will. He died feized 
 of this Manor 22 Rich. II. and leaving no 
 IfTue of his Body, Thomas la Warre his 
 Brother was his Heir. He was called Magl- 
 fler Thom-as de la Warre , and was about 
 that Time Re&or of the Church ofMan- 
 chefter, which by Licence obtain'd of K. 
 Henry V. Reg. 9. he turned from aParilh 
 Church into a Collegiate, making it to 
 confift of a Warden, and a certain Num- 
 ber of Priefts to celebrate Divine Service 
 continually, for the good Eftate of King 
 Henry V. and of him the faid Thomas, 
 during his Life, and afterwards for the 
 Health of their Souls. He was fummoned to 
 Parliament from 13 Rich. II. but he pro- 
 cured a Special Difpenfation from at- 
 tending it, and died 4 Hen. VI. leaving 
 his Eftate to Sir Reginald Weft Knt. upon 
 whom all his Lands had been before 
 entailed ; whereupon he and his Pofte- 
 rity became Lords de la Warre. The 
 Country about this Place abounds in 
 the 'fame Sort of Coal, which is brought 
 from New Cajlle, which is alfo found in 
 feveral Places from thence as far as 
 Stratton and Mendippe Hills, which afford 
 a ftrong and cheap Firing for all thole 
 Parts. Thefc Veins are covered with a 
 Kind of Shell of a black, hard, and 
 ftony Subftance, which the Inhabitants 
 call Wark, which will fplit like Slate, 
 but is much more'brittle, and not fo hard. 
 Upon dividing this Wark there is often 
 found upon one of thefe feparated Sur- 
 faces the perfeft Shape of a Fern-Leaf, 
 as if it had been engraven by a skilful 
 Hand, and on the other Surface a protu- 
 berant Figure of the like Leaf, anfwer- 
 ing as a Mould, or Cafe to it. 
 
 Charlton
 
 S M E R S ET S H 1 RE. 
 
 78? 
 
 Chtrlton, the Lordmip of John Earl of 
 Warren, who was at his Death found 
 feixcd of it with divers other Manors in 
 this and other Counties by an Inquition 
 then taken. He for want of Heirs did by 
 a Special Grant give the Inheritance of 
 all his Lands to the King after his De- 
 ceafe, upon Condition, that the faid King 
 ( Edward II. ) fliould beftow them upon 
 one of his Sons whom he fliould think fit ; 
 yet with an Obligation that in the Per- 
 fon of the faid Son and his Heirs the 
 Name, Honour and Arms of Warren 
 Ihould be for ever maintained and kept 
 up. He died 21 Edw. III. and after his 
 Death we find this Manor tobethePoflef- 
 fion of Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln, and 
 Maurice Lord Berkley, who obtained a 
 Charter of Free Warren for this his 
 Lordfhip. 2 Hen. IV. Certain Tithes of 
 Hay and Corn in this Parifli belonging 
 to the Monaftery ofKeinjbam, being come 
 to the King's Hands by the Diflolution 
 of that Priory, were given by K. Henry 
 VIII. to Sir William Herbert Knt. 
 
 Chelwortb, the Demefne and Eftate of 
 John Lord de la Wane, who had it for 
 his Purparty upon the Death of Clari.e 
 his Mother 19 Edw. I. who was the El- 
 deft of the two Daughters and Coheirs 
 of John de Tregoz, an eminent Baron in 
 Herefordjl)'tre. In his Family it continued 
 fome Succeflions, and at length defccnd- 
 eoi, as Brifleton did, to Sir Reginald Weft, 
 Knt. upon whom it was entailed, as is 
 there faid. 
 
 Publow, of which we have given all 
 the Account we find, with Pensford in 
 Chew Hundred. 
 
 Stanton-Bury, a large Camp upon the 
 Top of an Hill between Bath and Cane- 
 foam: The Works whereof are large 
 and double, being eftimated to contain 
 the Space of thirty Acres. 
 
 Stamen-Drew, a fmall Town^ (landing 
 upon a Rivulet, which runs into the A- 
 vcn between Bath and Briftol. The later 
 Part of the Name might feem to point 
 out fome Relation to the antient Druids 
 (but that there is an antient Family in 
 thofe Wcftern Parts, named Drew} , and 
 the Monument there called the Wedding 
 
 would ftrengthen fuch a Conjecture, if 
 it were neceflfary to contend. The Oc- 
 cafion of the Name Wedding is a Tradi 
 tion which pafleth among the common 
 People, viz. That as a Bride was going to 
 be married, fhe and the reft of the Com- 
 pany were changed into thefe Stones, 
 They ftand in the Form of a Circle, and 
 are about five or fix Foot high : The 
 whole Monument being bigger than Stone- 
 henge, the Diameter thereof being nine- 
 ty Paces, tho' there be no Appearance 
 of a Ditch. It doth not appear that any 
 of the Family of Drew were Lords of 
 this Manor; but William Martin died pof- 
 fcflcd of it 18 Edward II. and that Join 
 Holland, 'Earl ofHuntington, had a Special 
 Grant of it and other Eftares from King 
 Ridhard II. Reg. li. in whofe Polterity it 
 remained. 
 
 XXII. The Hundred of KILMERSDEW. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundred of Fiww, on the South 
 with the Hundred of Bruton, on the Welt 
 with the Hundred of Cbewton and Wells, 
 and on the North with the Hundred of 
 Wellow. This Hundred was the Fee of 
 William Lord Botreaux,\\ho leaving it with 
 other great Ettates to Margaret his 
 Daughter and Heir, the Wife of Sir Ro- 
 bert Hun^erford, it became at length a 
 Part of the vaft Eftate of Mary the 
 Daughter and Heir of Tomas Lord Hun- 
 gerford, \vhofcGuardianfhip being gran ted 
 to William Lord Haftir/gs, Lord Chamber- 
 lain to King Edward IV. flae \vasmarried 
 tohis Son and Heir Edward Hxftintrs, and 
 fo carried her Eftate into that Family. 
 There is no Market- Town in this Hun- 
 dred, and therefore we muft give the 
 firft Place among the Villages to 
 
 Kilmerfden, from which the Hundred 
 took its Name, it being then probably 
 the moft eminent Place in the Hundred. 
 This Manor remaining long in the Fa- 
 mily of the Lords Botreax, Reginald Lord 
 Botreaux i^Edw.I. procured a Charter 
 of Free Warren for all his Demefne 
 Lands in this his Lordfhip. He died 
 30 Edw. I. and left this Manor and other 
 G Eftate
 
 S M E R S E <f S H I R E. 
 
 Eftates to his eldeft Son and Heir Wil- 
 liam, who having married Elizabeth the 
 Daughter of Sir Rahh d'Attbeny, fettled 
 and entail'd the third Part of this Manor 
 upon himfelf and Elizabeth his Wife, 
 with Remainder to his Son William and 
 the Heirs of his Body ; and for Want of 
 fuch, to his younger Sons. He died pof- 
 fefled of it; as did alfo William his Son, 
 in whole Heirs it continued, till IflueMale 
 failing in his Pofterity, Margaret the 
 Daughter ami fole Heir of the laft 
 Lord Botreaux carried it to Sir Robert 
 Ji'ixgerford by Marriage, from which Fa- 
 mily it pafled by Mary the Daughter and 
 Heir of Thomas Lord Httngerfofd, to the 
 Family of the Lord Haftings, being then 
 valued with Walton at 41 /. 121. ii. 
 
 BucklanJ, the Lordfhip of Jeffrey de 
 Dinon, which he held of King Henry 
 III. Reg. 24. In Capite, as a Member of 
 his Barony of Hertland in the County of 
 Dev n. He obtain'd of that King a Char- 
 ter for a Market on Tnefday every Week 
 at this his Manor of Buckland, and alfo 
 for a Fair yearly for three Days, viz. 
 On the Eve, Day and Morrow of St. Mi-. 
 chael. He died 43 Henry III. and left this 
 Manor with his other Eftates to his Son 
 Oliver. He procured the King's Charter 
 for Free Warren in all his Demcfh Lands 
 here and elfewhere, and left it to his 
 Sonjofce 27 Edward I. in whofe Pofterity 
 it continued fo long that it was called 
 Bocland Dynham ; but at length Iflue 
 Male failing, this Manor with many o- 
 ther Eftates fell to his three Sifters and 
 Heirs Elizabeth, Joan, and Katharine ; but 
 to which of them it fell upon the Par- 
 tition, we know not, and fb can't tell in- 
 to what Family it pafled by the Mar- 
 riage. 
 
 Balington, the Lordfhip of the Lords 
 Potreaux, in which Family it pafled all 
 along with Kilmerfden, and fb needs no 
 more to be faid of it. 
 
 Charterhoufe-He)'don, the Seat of John 
 May Efq; who was High Sheriff of this 
 County in thcforty-fourthYcar of Queen 
 Elizabeth's Reign. 
 
 Denzate^ the Manor and Eftate of 
 Sir William Montacute, at length Earl of 
 
 Salisbury, who had an Houfe here, which 
 becaufe he embattelled a Part of without 
 Licence, he was forced to obtain the 
 King's Pardon for it, 3 Ed<w. III. He died 
 feized of it 20 Rich. II. leaving his Eftate 
 and Honour to Sir John Montaatte his 
 next Heir and Coufin; but Elizabeth 
 his Wife furviving him, had for her Dow-, 
 ry an Aflignation of this and divers other 
 Manors in this County, fhe refided in 
 the Manor-houfe here, and making her 
 Will there, ordered her Body to be bu- 
 ried in the Conventual Church of Bu- 
 Jlefiam Montague after the ceremonial way 
 of thofe Times. 
 
 Hinton, the Lorfhip of Edward Court- 
 ney, Earl of Devon, who died poflefled of 
 it 7 Hen. V. leaving it with his other E- 
 ftates and Honour to Hugh Courtney, his 
 Son and Heir. 
 
 MeHs, the Seat of John Horner Efquire, 
 who was High Sheriff in the fourteenth 
 Year of the Reign of Queen Elizabeth : 
 His Pofterity, for fome Years were Men 
 of fome Figure after him ; for Thomas 
 Horner, we fuppofc his Son, was alfo High 
 Sheriff of this County in the Reign of 
 King James I. An. 3. and Sivjobn Horner 
 Knt. bore the fame Office the twelfth 
 Year of the fame Reign. Their Arms 
 were Sable, three TalbotsPaflant Arg. 
 
 Stokeland-Lovel, we fuppofe, fo called, 
 becaufe it was antiently the Eftate of 
 the Lords Level, tho' we find no Lord of 
 it older than John Tuchet, whofe Father 
 having married Johanna, one of the 
 Daughters and Coheirs of Nicholas Lord 
 Audleyof He!eigh,derivc(.\ from his Mother 
 the Title of Lord Audley, and inherited 
 this Manor in her Right, whofe Ance- 
 ftors had for fome Succelfions been feized 
 of it ; for Jaws Lord Audley, or Al~ 
 dithley died poflefled of it 9 Rich. II. and 
 left it to the faid Nicholas, &c. 
 
 Stratton, one of thofe Manors which 
 John Howard, who for his firm Adherence 
 to the Houfe of York was made Duke of 
 Norfolk, obtained of King Richard III. in 
 Special Tail to hold of the Crown. He 
 was (lain in Bofworth Field, fighting for 
 that King, and fb loft all his Honours and 
 Eftates ; But his Son Thomas, tho' he was 
 
 on
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 78? 
 
 was buried in the Church there. Sir Ar~ 
 thur Hopton was High Sheriff of the Coun- 
 ty, 25ch Year of {^Elizabeth's Reign. 
 
 Robert Hopton Efq; che eldcft Son of Sir 
 Arthur fucceeded him in his Eftate here, 
 and was High Sheriff of this Connty in 
 the Fifteenth Year of King James I. He 
 was the Father of the famous Ralph Lord 
 Hopton of Stratton, who was fo aftivc and 
 brave for his Matter King Charles I. a- 
 gainft his Rebel-Parliament : He was 
 made Knight of the Bath at the Corona- 
 tion of that King; and being a Burgefs 
 of Parliament for the City of Wells in 
 1642. difcerned from the Invasion of the 
 
 This Place being eminent for one of Scots, favoured by a prevailing Faction 
 thofe ViSories, which Sir J-obn Berkley in the Parliament-Houfe, that his Ma- 
 ofBruton of this County, being made Ge- jefty was in great Danger of lofing his 
 neral of King Charles the Firft's Forces Crown, and the Nation of Ruin, and 
 in Cornwall, obtained over the Parlia- thereupon took up Arms readily in that 
 ment Army in thefe Weftern Parts; his King's Defence; and joining with Sir J-obn 
 
 Berkley, vanquifli'd the Rebel-Armies at 
 Sherbourn Cattle, in Dorfetfhire, Lanceften t 
 Saltajh, Braden, and Stratton in thefe We- 
 ftern Parts : In Confideration whereof 
 
 on the fame Side, and as heartily fought 
 for it, yet he recovered the Favour of 
 King Henry VII. who created him Earl 
 of Surrey, and made him one of his Pri- 
 vy Council, being a Man of great Wif- 
 dom and Gravity. 
 
 At a little Diftance from this Village 
 arifeth the River Frome, fpringing out of 
 the Mineral Mountains hard by, and 
 from thence haftens Eaftwards by thofe 
 Pits of Coal that are made ufe of by 
 Smiths, as moll proper to foften their 
 Iron ; and before it hath run a great 
 Way, becomes the Boundary between 
 this County and Glocefterjhire. 
 
 Majefty King Charles II. in Confidera- 
 tion of his great and eminent Services 
 created him Reg. 10. by his Letters Pa- 
 tent a Baron of this Realm, by the Ti- 
 tle of Lord Berkley of Stratton, as we have 
 obferved in Bruton above. 
 
 the King by Letters Patent, bearing Date 
 at Oxford, Sept. 4. Reg. 19. advanced him 
 
 JVytham, the Seat of the Family of to the Honour of a Baron of this Realm 
 
 Hopions, which produced many famous 
 Men in their Times, viz.. Sir Owen Hop- 
 ton Knt. Lieutenant of the Tower of Lon- 
 don, whofe Son Arthur Hopton was Knight 
 of the Bath. His fifth Son Arthur Hop- 
 ton, who was educated in L/Vc/w College 
 Oxford, falling under the Tuition of a no- 
 ted and careful Tutor, became the Mi- 
 racle of his Age for Learning. He left 
 the Univerfity foon after he was Bache- 
 lor of Arts, and fettled in one of rhe 
 Temples in London, where he was much 
 admired by Selden, and all the noted 
 Men of thole Tnr.rs, who refpe&cd him 
 much, not only for his gentileExtra&ion, 
 bu.t Mathematical Genius, which led him 
 to do fuch Things at little more than 20 
 Years old, that others could not do at 
 Forty ; as his Works in Print may prove, 
 ofe. His GeoJetl al Staff, Lend. 1610. His 
 Typographical Glafs, Lond. 1611. His Con- 
 
 the Title of Lord Hotton of Stratton, 
 with a Limitation to his Uncle Sir Arthur 
 Hopton, if he left no Iflue Male, but both 
 dying without Children, his Eftatc de- 
 volved to his four Sifters, and his Ho- 
 nour became extinh He died at Bruges 
 in Flanders, Anno 1652. <et. 54. and being 
 kept at Since till King Cbarlesll's Refto- 
 ra$ion was brought over into England in 
 1660. and interred among his Anceftors 
 in this Place. 
 
 XXIII. The Hundred 
 
 This Hundred is very fmall, and lies 
 at the utmoft Border of the County South- 
 ward. It is bounded on the Eaft by the 
 Hundred of Crakern, on the South by the 
 County of Devon, and North-Curry, which 
 bounds the Weft, and on the North by 
 the Hundred of South Petherton. The Fee 
 
 trrdaney of Years, prirted after his Death, of it, we fuppofe, is in the Crown, and 
 Lon. 1616. He died in i6"i4. in the Pa- the Government in the High Sheriff. The 
 
 and Chief Town is ' 
 
 G g g g g 2 Ctord, 
 
 rifh of St, element's Danes, London t and
 
 7 88 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Chard, a Market and Poft Town : The 
 Market is weekly on Monday, and Fair 
 March ij. In the Times of the Rebel- 
 lion Colonel Penruddock, with Co\.'Grove y 
 Sir Jofeph Wapft.iffe, 8cc. rifing in Hopes 
 of a General Revolt of rhe People, e- 
 very where dilcontcnted at the Diflfolu- 
 tion of the Parliament, proclaimed the 
 King in this Town in Perfon ; but being 
 overpower'd by the Parliament Forces 
 under Capt. U?tton Crccke, were all taken, 
 imprifon'd at Exeter, and put to Death 
 there ; tho' upon their Submifiion they 
 had Promifes of Life from Crocks. 
 
 This Town may delerve fomeRefpcft, 
 on the Account of thefe famous Men 
 born in it, viz. John Sandford, Son of Ri- 
 chard Sandford, Gentleman. He was bred 
 in Baliol College Oxford , where conti- 
 nuing till he was Bachelor of Arts, he 
 was made one of the Chaplains of Mag- 
 dalene College. Here he contracted a 
 l-'riendfiiip with John Digby, a Commo- 
 ner of that Houfe, and travelled with 
 him into Frar.ee, Spain, and Italy. Mr. 
 Vigky was afterwards Knighted, and un- 
 der that Character ferit into Spain to 
 treat of a Marriage between the In- 
 fanta, Sifter of the King of Spain, 
 and Prince Charles of England, whom 
 Mr. Sanford attended as his Chaplain. 
 Upon his Return, Dr. Abbot, Archbifliop 
 of Canterbury made him his Domeftick 
 Chaplain, and at length preferred him 
 to the Reftory of Ivy church in Kent, and 
 a Prebend of Canterbury. He was a Per- 
 fon of gre; t Learning and Experience, 
 and a folid Divine. He hath a Sermon 
 on Pf. xxxviii. a. ard fome other Things 
 in Print. He died in 1629. and was bu- 
 ried in the North Ifle of the Cathedral 
 Church of Canterbury. He was very cha- 
 ritable to the Poor in general, but more 
 efpecially to Widows and Orphans. 
 
 Kingibury, the Manor of which was in 
 the Crown 4 Ed. III. But Sir William Mon- 
 tacute being that Year retained by that 
 King for his whole Life, as well in Peace 
 as War, had a Grant of feveral Manors, 
 and among others, of this ofKingsburyfor 
 Services already done, and to be done 
 for Term of Lite. After Sir William's 
 
 Deceafe, before which he was created 
 Earl of Salisbury, this Manor returned 
 to the Crown, and was given to Edmund 
 of Woodftock, Earl of Kent, in whofe De- 
 fcendants we find it 26 Ed. III. For then 
 John, Earl of Kent, Son of the faid Ed- 
 mund dying, was in Pofleffion of this Ma- 
 nor. His Wife Elizabeth, Daughter of 
 the Marquels of Julias furvivcd him, and 
 had for her Dowry an Aflignation of this 
 Manor of Ki?igsbnry, and feveral others 
 in this and other Counties. Joan, the 
 Sifter of the faid John, then the Wife of 
 Sir Tlowas Holland, Knt. was his next 
 Heir for Want of Iflue; but whether this 
 Manor returned to the Crown, or parted 
 by Defcent into the RoHand Family, we 
 can't difcovcr. 
 
 Tkorney, or Thorn. iy, the Demefnc of 
 William Lord Bcnvilc, who in the Contefts 
 between the Houfes of Lancajler and Tork 
 for the Crown, was taken by the Lan- 
 cajlrians (again ft whom he bad ftrenuoufly 
 engaged, tho' greatly preferred before 
 by King Henry VI. ) at the Battle of St. 
 Albans, and there beheaded, leaving E- 
 Hzabeth, his Widow iurviving, and Cicely 
 his Grand daughter his Heir. The For- 
 tune of the Lancajlrians was not long pro!- 
 perous; for the next Year the Houfe of 
 Tork carried all before them, and Edward 
 Duke of Tork being foon afterwards King, 
 Elizabeth had a large Dowry affigned her 
 out of her Husband's Eftate, which this 
 Manor was a Part of ; and having en- 
 joy 'd it for Life, the whole Inheritance 
 returned to Cicely the right Heir, who 
 became the Wife of Thomas, Marquefs of 
 Dorfet, and after his Death of Renry, 
 Earl of Wiltpire. 
 
 XXIV. TheHnndredof MARTOCKB and 
 
 TlN TIN HULL. 
 
 Thefe Hundreds are bounded on the 
 Eaft by the Hundreds of Stone and So- 
 merton y on the South with the Hundred 
 of South Petherton, on the Weft with the 
 Hundred of Pitney, and on the North 
 with the Hundred of Somerton. The Fec~ 
 we fuppofe to be in the Crown, and un- 
 der the Government of the High She- 
 riff. The chief Town is 
 
 //<*-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 7*9 
 
 Il;t>ejter t orhelckefter y fo called, becaufe hundred and fcven Burghers. It was at 
 
 it is fittiate upon the River Ivel, or Evil. 
 Antoninus names it IfckaUi ; and Ninniuj 
 in his Catalogue Pontanel-Coit y for Tont- 
 IvelCoit, i.e. a Bridge over the he I in 
 a Wood ; and by Fbrenre of Worcester, 
 Givelcefter, It is a Marker-Town, and 
 hath its Market weekly on Wediiefiay, 
 and Fair ..... The Lordfhip was in 
 the Reign of King Edward 1. the Eftate 
 of Etlmi-.nd Earl of Cornwall; but he dy- 
 ing without Iflue, his whole Eftate 
 efcheatcd to the Crown ; But the King 
 the next Year, through the Mediation uf 
 the Peers in Parliament aflembled at 
 Lincoln, was pleafed to allow unto Mar- 
 garet his Widow Five hundred Pounds 
 per Ann. for her Support ; and to that End 
 afligned twenty Pounds, fifteen Shillings, 
 and Six-pence yearly Rent fhould be 
 paid her out of the Perm and Borough 
 of this Town ; but the Manor remained 
 in the Crown, and was by K. Edward II. 
 fettled upon his lecond Son John fur- 
 named of Eltkam, in Kent, where he was 
 born Earl of Cornwall ', who died pof- 
 fefled of it 10 Ed. III. without Wife or 
 I flue. In the the Reign of Edward IV. 
 this Manor was the Eftate of the Brooks; 
 and it feems to have been fome Years 
 preceding in that Family; for Edward 
 Brock Lord Ccbham, who died that Year, 
 was found poflcfled of this Manor under 
 the Name of Brooke of lie hejler. 
 
 This Town is at prefcnt famous for no- 
 thing, but that it fends Burgefles to Par- 
 liament, and that it bears many Marks 
 of its great Antiquity ; as i. There are 
 every now and then Coins of the Roman 
 Emperors of Gold and Silver, as well as 
 Brafs, dug up here. 2. That it was alfo 
 formerly very large, and encompafled 
 with a double Wall, is evident from the 
 Ruins of them not long fince vifible. Le- 
 land tells us, that it is one of the moll 
 antient Towns in all ihefe Quarters, and 
 that it once had four Parifh-Churches. 
 The Ruins of two of them were (landing 
 in his Time, a third was quite demo- 
 lilh'd, and one only was in conftantUle. 
 About the Coming in of the Normans it 
 FAS a populous Place, haying in it One 
 
 that Time alfo a Place of Strength, and 
 well fortified : For in the Year 1088, 
 when the Nobility of England had formed 
 a wicked Confpiracy, to depofc King 
 Will/am Rufus, in order to advance his 
 Brother Robert Duke of Normandy to the 
 Throne, Robert Moulray^ a great War- 
 rior, after he had burnt Bath, vigoroufly 
 aflaulted this Place, but without Suceels. 
 However, Time hath done what he 
 could not do, having, as it were, flormed 
 and taken it. 
 
 J-obn Hoskins, an ingenious Poet, good 
 Linguift, and Divine, may be a Grace 
 to this Town; becaufe when he was put 
 mod to his Shifts, he found Entertain- 
 ment here, by being taken in to be their 
 School mailer for a Year, or more. His 
 Education was firft at Wejlminfor, ard 
 then at Wickbam School, from whence 
 going to New College, Oxford, he was e- 
 lefted Probationer- Fellow , and two 
 Years after Virus Sodut. After he had 
 commenced Matter of Arts, he was made 
 Terr* Filins at the next Commencement, 
 at which he was fo bitterly fatyrical, 
 that he was not only denied the Com- 
 pletion of his Degree, but expelled the 
 Univerfity ; and then it was he retired, 
 hither. Here he married a rich Wi- 
 dow, and admitting himfelf a Student of 
 the Ten/pie, was after fome Years, a DC; 
 the Performance of the ufual Exercife, 
 called to the Bar. In 1614 he was:. 
 Burgefs in Parliament ; and having in u 
 Speech made a defperate Allufion to the 
 Sicilian Vefpers, was imprifon'd for it, 
 and fo kept a whole Year. After his 
 Releafe he became grave, and w::s had 
 in great Reputation both in the Houfe of 
 Commons, and Temple ; for he wns- Toon 
 after elcfled Lent-Reader in this Lift, 
 and a Judge of Wales, and one of the 
 Counfel for the Marches. Oii-en the E- 
 pigrammatill much celebrates his Praife^: 
 He polilh'd Ben jFcknfons Poems ; re- 
 viewed Sir Walter Raleigks Hiilory of the 
 World, and was mvch rcfpe&ed and 
 beloved by Cambden, Sel.len, Dr. Donne, 
 Sir Henry Wrtton, 8cc. Kc hath foJie 
 Things im Priatj more in MS. in the 
 
 Jceop-ng
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 keeping of his Grandfon Sir John Hos- 
 kins, Knight and Baronet. He died Aug 
 27. 1658. and was buried in Do wr Ab- 
 bey, Herefordshire. 
 
 Henton, Hanington, or Honington, the 
 Manor andEftate of Hughde Courtney, vthQ 
 was flain in the Battle ofStriveling in Scot- 
 land, leaving Eleanor his Widow furvi- 
 ving, and Hugh his Son and Heir. Elea- 
 nor had for her Aflignation of her Dow- 
 ry this Manor, which at her Deceafe 
 pafled to her Heir Hugh de Courtney, in 
 whofe Family it was, after they were 
 created Earls of Devon ; for Earl Edward 
 died poflefled of it 7 Ed. V. 
 
 Longland a fmall Village, from which 
 it is probable John de Longeland, who was 
 Knight of the Shire 3 7 Edw. took his 
 Name, being then Lord of the Manor. 
 ' Ltijlon, or Lutfon, the Manor and E- 
 ftate of Edward Lord Brooke of Ccbham t 
 who died feized of it 4 Edw. IV. and left 
 it to his Son and Heir John Lord Brooke. 
 
 Martock, a Market-Town (in Mr. Camb- 
 den's Time 1607. as he tells us ) but is 
 not fo at preferit. It was certainly the 
 principal Village in the Hundred, when 
 the County was fo divided, as it may be 
 now reputed. William of Bologne, Son of 
 King Stephen gave it antiently to Fara- 
 nuejius or Bologne, whofe Daughter and 
 Heir Sibill was married to Ingelram de 
 Fienes : From whom are defcended the 
 Ptenes, Barons of Da res, and Lords of 
 Say and Seie. In Times fuccceding this 
 Manor was the Eftate of William c.e Mon- 
 tacute, Earl of Salisbury, viz. 20 Rich. II. 
 and in the next Reign, viz- ^Hen. IV. it 
 it was the Demefne of John de Beauford, 
 Marquefs of Dorfet, and his Son Henry, 
 \vho died young 6 Hen. V. 
 
 Montacute, in Domefday Montagud, fo 
 named by the Earl of Moriton and Corn- 
 wall, Brother by Mother's Side to Wil- 
 liam the Firft, or Conqueror, ( who, as 
 .Lelandhad it from common Tradition, 
 built a Caftle on the Top of the Hill, 
 and a Religious Houfe at the Bottom of 
 it ) bccaufe the Hill there riles by De- 
 grees fo a lharp Point, whereas it was 
 called before Logarisburgh (or LagArtf- 
 Ittrcbt and BifJjope'/on^. The Caftle hath 
 
 been quite deftroyed and gone this many 
 Years, and the Stones carried away to 
 build the Religious Houfe, and fome o- 
 ther Things : But afterwards on the very 
 Top of the Hill was a Chapel erefted 
 and dedicated to St. Michael, the Arch 
 and Roof being curioufly framed with 
 hard Stone, and the Afcent to it round 
 the Mount made with Stone ftairs for 
 near half a Mile. Now the Monaftery 
 and Chapel are quite demolilh'd, and 
 the only Ornament that it has, is a beau- 
 tiful Houfe, which Sir Edward Phelips, 
 Serjeant at Law, built at the Foot of the 
 Mountain. This is one of the moft re- 
 markable Buildings in all the Weft of 
 England, being ere&ed all with Free- 
 ftone fquared, very large, and with a 
 ftately and magnificent Front. His Po- 
 fterity did enjoy it for fome few Succef- 
 fions ; but his Grandfon Sir Edward Phe- 
 lips, who died fome few Years fince, and 
 leaving no Iflue Male, it has now 
 changed its Mafter. 
 
 From this Place the honourable Fa- 
 mily of the Mcntacutes derived their 
 Name, being defcended from Drogo, or 
 Dru the younger. Of this Family there 
 were four Earls of Salisbury, of which 
 the laft left Iflue only one Daughter, 
 who by Richard Nevil had the famous Ri- 
 chard Earl of Warwick (that Whirlwind 
 of England ), and John Marquefs of Men- 
 tacttte, both killed in the Battle of Bamet, 
 in the Year 1472. But the Title of Ba- 
 ron Montacute was ftill continued, being 
 conferred upon Henry Pool (Son of Mar- 
 garet, Daughter of George Duke of Cla- 
 rence, by a Daughter of v the faid Richard 
 Nevil, Earl of Warwick') , in the Time of 
 King Henry VIII. who prcfently after be- 
 headed him. Queen Mary afterwards bc- 
 ftowcd the Title of Vifcount Monta- 
 cute upon Sir Anthony }>rotun., whole 
 Grandmother was one of John Nevil, 
 Marquels of Mfatacute's Daughters, from 
 whom the prefcnt Vilcount Montacute 
 Anthony Brown is defcended. - 
 
 Soik, a fmall Village in TintiuhullRun- 
 dred about three Miles from Ycovili-or 
 Evell, famous for a large Pool in certain 
 Failures .belonging to Mr. Pbilipt of Man-
 
 i Acute, to .which Pigeons frequently re- 
 fort to drink; but Cattle will not drink 
 of it, no not in extream Want of Wa- 
 ter: To the Tafte it Js not only brackifli, 
 but is otherwiie very loath fome. In a 
 Venice Glals it looks greenifli and clear, 
 like^fome Cyder, when it is firft clari- 
 fied : Being boiled, it yielded a thick 
 troth of a vitriolick Tafte. Phil. Tranf. 
 
 Stoke under Hamden, the Seat and Ma* 
 nor of' the Gournays, who had their Ca- 
 ftle, and built a College here. Tnis Fa- 
 mily, furr.amed de Gornaico, and com- 
 monly called Gournay, was very anrient 
 and illuftrious, being defcended from the 
 lame Stock with the Warrens, Earls of 
 Surrey , and the Mortimers, Earls of March; 
 but about three Centuries ago it wasex- 
 tint, and Part of their Eftate paffcd by 
 the Hamptons, to the Knightly Family of 
 the Newtons, who value rhemfelves upon 
 a Well Exiration, aflerting that not 
 long ago they were called Caradocks. 
 While the Family of the Gournays lived 
 here, Matthew Gourney, a ftout Soldier in 
 the Time of King Edward III. who died 
 in the 96th Year of Age, was buried 
 here Sept. 26. 1406. as thelnfcription on 
 his Tomb in the French Tongue witnef- 
 feth ; which alfo adds, That he had been 
 at the Siege of D'Algizar againft the Sa- 
 racens,s.nd at the Battles of Benamazjn a- 
 gainft the fame ; Slufe, Crejfy, Ingencs, 
 Poittiers, againft the French ; and Nazara 
 in Spain : But this Manor was fbmeways 
 alienated by the Gournays, or their Hftirs 
 and Succeflors : For John de Beauchampe 
 of Hacche died feized of this Manor 
 17 Erf. III. and Sir John Tiftoft, the Fa- 
 ther of John Tiptoft, Earl of Worcefter t 
 1 1 Hen. VI. 
 
 XXV. The Hundred of MIL VERT ON. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 \vith the Hundred of Tounton, on the 
 South with the County of Devon, on the 
 Weft with the Hundred of Williton, and 
 on the North with the Hundred of 
 North-Curry. The Fee of this Hundred 
 was 3 Hen. VI. the Eftate of Edmund 
 $dortimer t Earl of March t who died pof- 
 
 19 I 
 
 fefled of it then, and left it to his Si- 
 fter Anne, and her Heirs by the Duke of 
 .Tork, Father of King Edward IV. with 
 whom 'tis probable it came to the Crown ; 
 yet we find that Thomas Lord Berkley was 
 in Pofleflion of a fixth Part of this Hun- 
 dred 5 Hen. V. The Chief Town of this 
 Hundred is 
 
 Wellington, a Market -Town, whofe 
 Market is weekly on Thurfday, and Fairs 
 yearly on St. John Bapt. Nativity, June 
 24, and Nov. 10. In the Reign of King 
 Edward the Elder, this Place was the 
 Ground of fix Manfion-houles; at which 
 Time he gave it together with Lediard t 
 which had twelve Manfion-houfes, to the 
 Bifliop ot Shirbourn, In the 1 2 </;. I. 
 John Lord Beauchampe of Hacche died pof- 
 fefled of it, and left it to his Pofterity, 
 after Cicely his Lady had en joy 'd it for 
 her Dowry, till 14 Ediv. II. It hath in 
 thefe later Ages received its greatcft 
 Glory from an honourable Inhabitant 
 (for Peribns eminent for Virtue and 
 good Services to their Country ought 
 never to be forgotten) Sir J-chn Popham, 
 who is not only memorable for the An- 
 tiquity of his Noble Defcent, but for his 
 ftrift Jufticc and unwearied Diligence. 
 This Perfon being Chief Juftice of the 
 King's Bench (Dugdale by Miftake fays, 
 of the Common Pleas ) adminiftred Ju- 
 ftice with fo much Evenefs, and yet with 
 fuch fevere Impartiality, that England, 
 all the Time he held that Office, was 
 moftly indebted to him for its domeftick 
 Safety and Security. One Example^of 
 his Love of the common Tranquillity 
 muft not be omitted here. The Land in 
 his Days did fwarm with Thieves and 
 Robbers ; fome of whom when he had 
 condemned them to die, gained their 
 Pardon from King James I. ( for Queen 
 Elizabeth was much againft it ) ; which 
 when this worthy Judge found to be ve- 
 ry prejudicial to Juftice itfelf, and the 
 Minifters of it, he complained of it to 
 the King, and fo flopped the Current of 
 thofe deiiruftive Favours, infomuch that 
 the King very feldom granted any after- 
 wards. 
 
 Tlu*
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 This Judge built in thisPIace a large, 
 ftrong, and beautiful Houfe, which in 
 the Time of the late Rebellion was 
 turned into a Garrifon, and was held 
 out againtt the King ; but not by any 
 of the Judge's Name or Family (as hath 
 been without any juft Reafon, and con- 
 trary to Faft, affirmed by fomeHiftorians) 
 but by one Bovet of Taunton, who having 
 got Pofleflion of the Houfe by a Strata- 
 gem, did (together with his Accomplices 
 and Confederates ) defend it for fome 
 Time againft Sir Ri hard Greenvill, by 
 which means it was turned into Ruins. 
 This Judge hath fome Reports, and ad- 
 judged Cafes of greateft Note, and Ufe, 
 in Queen Elizabeth's Days, extant. He 
 died in the Year 1607. ft. 76. and was 
 buried in the Church of this Town ; 
 which as he had graced it with his Rc- 
 fidence for leveral Years before, fo at his 
 Death he proved a great Benefactor to 
 it ; for by his laft Will and Teftament, 
 Dat. Sept. 21. 1604. he makes a Provision 
 for an Hofpital to be built in this Town 
 for fix poor Men, and as many Women ; 
 and for other Works of Charity. Over 
 his Grave fome Time after was ercfted 
 a noble Monument, with a fliort Infcrip- 
 tion, in which it is (aid, That he hud 
 been Privy Counfellor to Queen Eliza- 
 beth, and King J-ames I- 
 
 John Salkeld, Vicar of this Place is al- 
 fo very well worth our Remembrance 
 here. He was not of cither Univerfity 
 of this Nation, but being fent by his Fa- 
 ther, when he was young, into Spain, 
 was educated among the Jefuits in the 
 Univerfity of Conimbria ; and continuing 
 fome Time at Corduba, and Complntum in 
 the Condition of a Jefuit, was Afliftant 
 in their Studies to the famous Jefuits 
 Francis Sltarius, and Michael Vaftjttez. Be- 
 ing at length lent upon the Englijh Mif- 
 fion, he was taken and carried before 
 King James I. who had before fevcral 
 times heard of his great Learn ing. The 
 King was pleafed to enter into fcveral 
 Difputcs with him about his Popifli Te- 
 nets, and was fo fuccefsful as to con- 
 vince and convert him ; which having 
 done, he prcfentcd him to this Vicarage 
 
 in 1 6 1 5. where he often was heard to 
 call himfelf The Royal Convert : In 1 6 5 5 
 he was made Minifter of Church-Taunton 
 in Devonshire ( one Walter Travers coming 
 into his Place here ) , where he had not 
 been long, when the Civil Wars broke 
 out, when he was fequeftred from his 
 Living worth about 100 /. per Ann. being 
 efteemed by the Presbyterians a Papift 
 in Heart, or at leaft Popiflily affefted. 
 He was a Perfon profoundly learned in 
 Divinity and human Authors. King 
 James calls him The learned Salkeld. He 
 hath fome Books in Print, and died at 
 Uffculme in Devonfiire, Febr. 1659. JEt. 84. 
 or more, having then been fequeftred 
 from his Living fourteen Years. 
 
 Milverton, of no Note but for the fa- 
 mous Man John of Milverton, who took 
 his Name from it. He was a Carmelite 
 Friar at Brijtol, from whence he went to 
 Oxford, Paris, and at laft fettled himfelf 
 in London. He was Provincial General 
 of his Order throughout England, Scotland 
 and Ireland, and fo had a greater Jurif- 
 di&ion than King Edward IV. in whofe 
 Time he flourifhed. He was a great Op- 
 ponent ofWickliff, and his Do&Vine, and 
 was'fuch a Champion for his own Order 
 both by Preaching and Writing, that he 
 endeavour'd to make all believe that 
 Chrift himfelf was a Carmelite ( i, e. a 
 Profeffor of wilful Poverty) and by his 
 hi^h Commendations of the Poverty of 
 Friars tacitly condemned the Pomp of 
 Pjri-lates.. This his Diocefan the Bifliop 
 of London, Thomas Kemp, being offended 
 at, caft him into Goal : He appealed to 
 the Pope Paul II. but only changed Pn- 
 fons, being kept three Years with Platinn, 
 the Writer of the Popes Lives, who lay 
 there for fpeaking too much Truth, in 
 the Prifon of St. Angela. At length he 
 obtained, that his Caufc mould be heard 
 by feven Cardinals, who ordered his 
 Enlargement. Having his Liberty, he 
 forthwith returned to London, and lived 
 fome Years there in great Repute. Bale 
 and fits tell us, that he was nominated 
 Bifliop of St. David's, but we don't fiud 
 him inflalled. He died in London 1480.
 
 S M E R S E f S HI RE. 
 
 Samford, a fmall Village, hath the Ho- 
 nour to give the Name to two famous 
 Men, whofe Anceftors lived here, viz. 
 Fulk At Samford, who was firft preferred 
 Treafurer of St. Pauls in London, and then 
 by a Papal Bull declared Archbiftiop of 
 Dublin, Anno 1156. He died at his Ma- 
 nor of Finglas in 1271. and was buried in 
 St. Mary's Chapel (probably ereded by 
 him ) in the Church of St. Patrick. z.Joh 
 de Samford, his Brother, who was Dean 
 of St. Patrick's in Dublin, (probably made 
 by his Brother) for a Time Efcheator 
 of all Ireland ( a Place of great Truft ) 
 and at length canonically chofen, and 
 confirmed by King Edward I. Archbifliop 
 of Dublin ( after John de Derlington, who 
 fucceeded his Brother) in 1284. While he 
 was in the See of Dublin^ he was made 
 Chief Juftice of Ireland, and was fent 
 from thence (with Anthony Bifhop of Dur- 
 ham ) Embaflador to the Emperor ; 
 from whom being returned to London to 
 give an Account of his Embafly, he 
 died there, and was carried into Ireland, 
 to be buried with his Brother in the 
 Church of St. Patrick. 
 
 XXVI. The Hundred of NORTH-CURRY. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 by the Hundreds of Abdick and Somerton ', 
 on the South and Weft by the Hundred 
 of Tattnton ', and on the North by the 
 Hundred of Andenfeld. Part of this 
 Hundred, in which two of the moft con- 
 fiderable Towns, viz- Wivelfcomb and Bi- 
 jbop's Lidiard are, lies intermixed with 
 the Hundreds of Taunton, Milverton, and 
 WlUiton, being at a Diftance from the 
 Hundred itfelf the Breadth of the Hun- 
 dred of Taunton. 'The Fee of this Hun- 
 dred is in the Crown, and under the Go- 
 vernment of the High Sheriff. The 
 chief Town is 
 
 Wivelfcomb, aMarket-Town,whofe Mar- 
 ket is weekly onTuefday, and Fairs yearly 
 on . Here was found, not 
 
 long fince, an Urn full of Roman Coins. 
 The Villages, which afford us any thing 
 memorable in this Hundred, are 
 
 Bijhjp's Lidiard, of which we find no 
 more, than what is mentioned in Wei" 
 lington above. 
 
 Curry, the Manor and Eftatc of Walter 
 d'Effelegh, of Effelegh in the County of 
 Wilts, who having no Heirs of his Body, 
 it parted to his Siller Sabina, who having 
 married Henry de Ortray, Orti, or Urtiao 
 6Hen.III. brought it into his Family. 
 He in the fame Reign, Anno 21. obtained 
 a Licenfe to impark his Woods here, fo 
 that they might be free from any Re- 
 gard of the King's Forefts. Sabina out- 
 living her Husband, left this Manorand 
 her other Lands to Henry their Son, who 
 obtained a Confirmation of this Manor, 
 to hold by the Service of two Knights 
 Fees. He departed this Life 1 5 Edw. II. 
 and left it to his Son John, by whofe 
 Heirs General it pafled" into other Fa- 
 milies. 
 
 Kelfton, the Manor and Eftate of Sir 
 John Harrington, Knt. who may be repu- 
 ted eminent for his Extra&ion from fuch 
 Parents, as for Love to, and Sufferings 
 for the Proteftant Religion in dangerous 
 Times, may deferve the Title of Con- 
 feiTors. His Father, for carrying a Let- 
 ter to the Lady (afterward Queen) Eli- 
 zabeth was by Bithop Gardiner's means 
 lent to, and kept a Prifoner twelve 
 Months in the Tower, which coft him a 
 Thoufand Pounds before he could procure 
 his Liberty, and free himfelf of that 
 Trouble. His Mother, who was a Ser- 
 vant to the faid Lady Elizabeth, was by- 
 Gardiner's Command fequeftred from her, 
 as an Heretick, and her Husband en- 
 joined not to keep Company with her. 
 Queen Elizabeth was Godmother to this 
 Sir John, who being educated at Cam- 
 bridge under the Tuition of Dr. ////, Fel- 
 low of Cbrijl's College, he proved the 
 moft ingenious Poet of the EMglijh Na- 
 tion, that had as yet appeared i as hi* 
 Tranflarion of Orlando Furiofo, out of the 
 Italian, Sec. may fu v fficicntly prove. He 
 wrote an Addition to Bifhop Godwins 
 Catalogue of the Bifhops; in which he 
 hath many tart Refle&ions upon mar- 
 ried Bilhops, which had been bettor 
 H b h h h fparcd.
 
 '794 
 
 pared. He was a true Poet in allThings 
 but Poverty; for he died wealthy in the 
 Middle of King J-ames I. Reign, and 
 left a fair Eftate to his Son. 
 
 Trull, a Village of no Note, but for 
 the Birth of Sir George Bond, the Son of 
 Robert Bend of this Place ; who being an 
 Haberdafher in London, traded fo prof- 
 peroufly, that he was chofen, and was 
 Lord Mayor of that City in the Year 
 1588. From his Daughter is defcended 
 the Great General of this Age, J-obn Duke 
 of Marlborough. 
 
 XXVII. The Hundred of NORTH-PS- 
 
 THERTON. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundred of Whitleigh and So- 
 werton ; on the South with the Hundred 
 of North-Curry ; on the Weft with the 
 Hundreds of Canington and Andersfeld; 
 
 had the fame, if not greater Intereft ; 
 for he confirmed to him the Inheritance 
 of this Manor of Bntgg-Walter (with fe- 
 veral others) which he had obtained 
 from Fulke de PaineU, with the Advow- 
 fon of the Church and Knights Fees ; 
 and gave him a Licenfe alfo to inclofe 
 his Woods at Burgh-Walter, with a free 
 Liberty to hunt the Hare, Fox, Cat, 
 Wolf, &c. Reg. i. He alfo granted him 
 an ample Charter for his Lordmip of 
 Bridgwater, -viz.' That it fhould be from, 
 thenceforth a Free Borough, and have a 
 free Market therein every Week, 
 with a Fair once, a Year, with the 
 Benefit of Toll and Paffage ; giving 
 him a Licence alfo for building here 
 upon any of his own Lands, wherefo- 
 ever he mall think fit. He alfo built "an 
 Hofpital, dedicated to St. John in this 
 Town, for the Health of the Souls of 
 King Henry II. King Richard I and King 
 
 and on the North with the Hundred of Jolon, for 13 poor People, befides Reli- 
 
 Bempjlone, and the Brijlol Channel. This 
 Hundred is the King's Fee, govern 'd by 
 rhe Sheriff. The chief Towns are 
 
 Bridgivater, a large, and populous 
 Town, commonly thought ro take its 
 Ha me from the Bridge and Water, be- 
 caufe it ftands upon the River Pat-ret, 
 ivhich thereabouts is pretty wide, and 
 hath a good Bridge over it; but the an- 
 tient Charters, as well as Hiftories and 
 Records render that Opinion falfe : For 
 the Charters always call it exprefly 
 Burgh-Walters; and our Englifi Records, 
 as high as King Edward I. conftantly 
 name it Brugg-Walter, taking the Name, 
 as it is highly probable, from Walter de 
 Doway, who was a Soldier under William 
 the Conqueror, and had many Lands 
 b^ttowed on him in this County. Nor 
 is it otherwife called in that Charter, by 
 which Fulk Paganel, or Paynel gave Pol- 
 feflion of this Town to William Brewiere, 
 2.6 Hen. II. to ingratiate himfelf" with 
 that Gentleman, who was a particular 
 Favourite with King Richard I. Fulk 
 
 gious and Strangers. He alfo made the 
 Haven here, and began the Stru&ure of 
 the fair Stone Bridge, confiding of three 
 great Arches; but not living to finifhit, 
 one Triveth, a Gentleman of Devonjbire, 
 compleated it at a great Charge. 
 
 William, His Son, called William de 
 Breiviere Junior in his Father's Life- 
 time, fucceeded to his Eftate; but 
 having no Ifluc , it was divided a- 
 inong his four Sifters, Grxcia, Margaret 3 
 Ifabel, and Alice ; and this Manor upon 
 the Partition fell to Margaret, who was 
 then married to William de la Ferte, by 
 whofe Daughter Gur.dred it pafled in 
 Marriage to Pain de Cadurcis, or Cha- 
 worth, and his Family ; and from them it 
 palTed by Inheritance to ~R.cr.ry Duke of 
 Lancaper, who married Mary, the Daugh- 
 ter and Heir of Sir Patrick Chaworth. 
 But this Manor was foon alienated; for 
 it appears that William de Cantelupe dy- 
 ing without IfiTue Male, this Manor, of 
 which he was then feized, defcended to 
 his Daughter and Coheir Mtlicent, mar- 
 
 for fome Crime was forced to fly, and ried to Ivo la Zouche, in whofe Family it 
 
 King Richard dying, his Brother Jolnn 
 came to the Crown, with 
 
 continued divers Succeffions, till 8 Ed. IV. 
 when William Lord Zottche, and S. Maur 
 died poflefled of it. 
 
 Thia
 
 This Borough at prefent is a well- 
 frequented Town for Merchants and 
 Traders. The River Parret is fo large 
 and deep about the Bridge, that Ships 
 of an Hundred Tun may, and often do 
 ride there ; there being Forty Sail be. 
 longing to the Town, befides horeigncrs. 
 'Tis governed by a Mayor, Recorder, 
 two Aldermen, two Bailffs, Twenty- 
 four Common Council-Men, and other 
 inferior Officers. It lends two Burgefles 
 to Parliament. It hath two Markets e- 
 very Week, the one on Thurfday, .and 
 the other on Saturday; and three Fairs 
 yearly, viz. On the Thurfday Seven-night 
 in Lent, on A4idfummer-day, and St. Mat- 
 thew's Day, Sept. 21. The Church which 
 is dedicated to St. Mary, is a very fair 
 one, and the Town hath feveral great 
 Inns. 
 
 But the greateft Honour that this 
 Town can boaft of, is, that it gives the 
 Title of Earl to the Family of Egerton, 
 John Egerton, Lord Brackley, being created 
 Earl of Bridgwater by King James I. 
 Reg. 15. 1617. He was the Son of that 
 Great and Eminent Statesman in the 
 Reign of Queen Elizabeth, Thomas E- 
 gerton, whom from her Solicitor General 
 ihe raifed to be Keeper of the Great 
 Seal ; in which Place he continued to 
 her Death. King fames I. created him 
 a Baron, by the Title of Lord EUefaere, 
 Reg. i. and having foon after advanced 
 him to be Lord High Chancellor of Eng- 
 land, at length conferred on him the 
 Dignity of Vifcount Brackley ; which Ti- 
 tle defcending by Inheritance to his Son 
 John, was augmented with the Title of 
 Earl, as above. His Son John fucceeded 
 him in his Honour and Eftate, which he 
 left to his Son John, who was a Knight 
 of the Bath, and firft Commiflioner of 
 the Admiralty, and twice one of the 
 Lords Juftices in King William 1 1 Id's 
 Reign. He had three Sons, viz. Charles, 
 Vifcount Brackley, Thomas, and Scroop. 
 The two eldelt were unluckely burnt :n 
 their Beds at Bridgiuater Houfe in the Bar- 
 bican ; fo that 
 
 Scroop Egerton is now Earl of Bridgwa- 
 ter, who hath married Elizabeth, the 
 
 7P5 
 
 third Daughter, and one of the Coheir 5 
 of John late Duke of JMarlborMph, by 
 whom he hath Iflfue one Son John Lord 
 Vifcount Brackley, and Lady Anne. 
 
 This Town may aflume fome Credit 
 to itfelf alfb from thefe Natives. 
 
 I. Robert Blake, the moft valiant and 
 fortunate Commander of the rebellious 
 Times; for being made Governor of 
 Taunton, and afterwards of Lyme, he de- 
 fended rhem with great Valour ( for he 
 made aConfcience of ferving them faith- 
 fully, who entrufted him ) againft feve- 
 rai famous and forcible Sieges of the 
 King's Army, under the Command of 
 Prince Maurice, and George Lord Goring. 
 When the War was at an End at Land, 
 he was made one of the Commiflioaers 
 of the Navy, Lord Warden of the 
 Cinque-Ports, and in 1649 fent to Sea 
 in Quality of an Admiral, where he 
 performed almort incredible Exploits ; 
 for ( i. ) He hunted Prince Rupert from 
 Sea to Sea, fo that the Prince was forc'd 
 to yield up to him all the Ships that had 
 revolted from the Parliament. ( 2. ) He 
 reduced Scilly to the Parliament's Ser- 
 vice; whereupon he was cholcn one of 
 the Council of State, being much in 
 Oliver's Favour. (3.) He forely beat the 
 French Fleet ; and there happening a 
 Quarrel between the Englijb and Dutch 
 Republicks, Van Trump was too hard 
 for him in the Downs ; but foon after he 
 found him about the IJle of Wight, and 
 beat the Dutch Fleet in a woful manner. 
 (4.) Laftly, he was vi&orious over the 
 Spaniards in leveral Rencounters, and 
 particularly at Sanfta Cruz, gave them 
 fuch an Overthrow, that his Name be- 
 came as terrible to them as Drake's had 
 been. He was in many other brave and 
 daring ASions, as at Tunis, and clfe- 
 where; and dying at PKn.-onth in 1657. 
 was buried in great State in King Henry 
 the Seventh's Chapel ; but in 1661. his 
 Body was removed from thence by King 
 Charles lid's Order, and buried with di- 
 vers others in one Pit in St. Margaret's 
 Church Wejtminfter, near the Back-door 
 of one of the Prebendaries. 
 
 I. h
 
 SO M E R S . 
 
 Buckland, called Buckland orornm, for 
 Diftinftion from other Villages of the 
 lame Name, becaufe here was antiently 
 a Nunnery, which is long fince demo- 
 lifli'd. It hath of late Years been the 
 Seat of the Lords Haivley of Durtniore in 
 Ireland. 
 
 Ckedfey, the Manor of William Monta- 
 cute, Earl of Salisbury, who died polTef- 
 fed of it 20 Richard II. leaving it to his 
 tPoilerity, from whom, it palled to George t 
 Duke or Clarence, whofc Heir Margaret 
 married to Richard Pole Lord Montague, 
 who obtained it of King Henry VII. after 
 her Brother Edward, Earl of Warwick's 
 Death, with the Stile and Title of Coun- 
 tefs of Salisbury. She marrying her 
 Daughter UrfulaPoo! to Henry Lord Staf- 
 ford 10 Hen. VIII. fettled this and divers 
 other Manors upon the faid Henry and 
 UrfulO; and their Heirs alter her De- 
 ccafe. Reginald Pool, commonly called 
 Cardinal Pool was her youngeft Son. She 
 was executed for Treafon; but her Eftate 
 \vent according to her Settlements. 
 
 Chidley- Mount, the Lordfliip antiently 
 of William de Brewiere, given him by 
 King John, but afterwards of William 
 Montacute, the Son of Dm de Montacute. 
 Some Roman Coins have been found in 
 this Town ; which is an Argument not 
 only of its Antiquity, but of the Truth 
 of the common Opinion, that it -was 
 once a large Town, and that out of the 
 Ruins of it fprang the Town of Bridg- 
 water, which (lands oppofite to it on the 
 other Side of the Parret. 
 
 Heygrave, or Haygrove, one of the Ma- 
 nors which George de Cantilupe died pof- 
 ^efTed of; and having no liTue, left it 
 to his Sifter Melicent, .who was firft mar- 
 ried to Join de Montalt, and then to Eu- 
 t!o, or Ivo la Zowhe, to whom it came by 
 her Marriage, and dclcended to his Po- 
 fterity ; for William la Zotich died pof- 
 feflcd of it 8 Erf. IV. But it paflcd with 
 their other Eftate to Female Heirs, who 
 carried it into other Families 13 Jac. I. 
 
 Hunfpitt, or Hinfyill, (ituate upon the 
 Parret, near its Influx into the Severn ', 
 a good Country Town, tho' not dignified 
 with any confiderable Chara&er. 
 
 3 r S H t R . 
 
 Pawlet, a Village, from whence the 
 antient and noble Family ofPawietstook 
 their Name, being then Lords of it. 
 Hinton S. George above-mentioned carried 
 away the Dignity, by giving them their 
 noble Title, being in their Patent cal- 
 led Barons Patulet of Hinton "$>. "George 
 
 Periton, or Puritan, the Manor and E- 
 ftate of James Lord Aldithly, or Audley, 
 who died poffeiTed of it. 9 Rl h. II. lea- 
 ving it to his Son Nicholas ; "but lie dying 
 without Iilae, his Eftate defccnded to 
 John Tuchet, the Son of Joan his eldeft 
 Sifter, and Margaret the Wife of Sir Ro- 
 ger HilLiry, Knr. his next Heirs. " This 
 Manor upon the Divifion became the E- 
 ftate of John Tu~het, 'who was thereupon, 
 fummoncd to Parliament under the Ti- 
 tle of Lord Audley, 5 Hen. IV. in which 
 Family we fuppofe it ftill continues. 
 
 Thurlbury, the Demefne of Simon Mon- 
 tacute, which he obtained by Grant with 
 divers other Lands, W r oods and Manors 
 of King Edward I. 'Reg. 10. William his 
 Son inherited this Manor with his other 
 Eftates, and dying pofTefled of it 15 Ed.ll. 
 Elizabeth his Widow obtained it for Part 
 of her Dowry, after whom it pa (Ted to 
 William her Son. This Family were af- 
 terwards Earls of Salisbury* 
 
 XXVIII. The Hundred of NORTON-FER- 
 RIS, or FERRERS. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with Wiltfiire, on the South with the 
 Hundred of Horehorn, on the Weft with 
 the Hundreds of Cattefajl), and Bruton ; 
 which laft encompafleth the Northern 
 Part. The Fee of this Hundred was 
 28 Hen. VI. in William Lord Ferrers of 
 Chartley, who leaving only one Daughter 
 ,and Heir, Anne, who was married to 
 Walter Devcreux, Efq; this Hundred paf- 
 led into his Family, and he was fum- 
 moned to Parliament 2 Edw. IV. under 
 the Title of Lord Ferrers ofCbartley. His 
 Family became afterwards Earls of Ef- 
 fex. The principal Town in this Hun- 
 dred is 
 
 Winecaunton, or Wincanion, a Market- 
 Town, whjofc Mariet is on Wednefday 
 
 week-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 weekly, and Fair on year- 
 
 ly. This Town is one of rhofe Places, 
 on which feme Antiquaries build their 
 Conjecture, that in this Part of this Coun- 
 ty the Cttr.gi inhabited, becaufc it hath 
 a Part of their Name included in it. 
 The Manor was 7 Edw IV. the Demcfne 
 of William "Lord Zoucke, and S- Matir, 
 when he died podefled of it, and left it 
 to his Son Jobii and his Heirs. It came 
 to this Family by the Marriage of Al'ue 
 S. Mttitr^ Daughter and Heir of Nicholas 
 Lord S. Maitr, to Sir Will-am In Zfucbe, 
 Xnt. in the Reign of King Henry V. In 
 all thefe antient Records it is written 
 Wine Caultcn, or Wincauhon. The Vil- 
 lages are 
 
 Cbarltor>-Mnf grave, fb called ( to diftin- 
 ,uifh it from feveral other Charhcm in 
 this County ) from a Family of the Muf- 
 graves, in \vhofe Pofleflion it was for 
 many Years, as their Inheritance ; for 
 John de Mufgrave of this Place \\as upon 
 the Account of the Eftate he had in 
 -Wiltshire ( upon the Borders of which 
 County he then lived ) High Sheriff of 
 that County, in the fecond Year of King 
 Ricbard III. From whofe fecond Son 
 John ( his eldeftSon dying without Iflue 
 
 tained the Reftitution of his Lands, a- 
 mong which was this Manor of Cccklitig- 
 tcn, which he Toon after got a Confir- 
 mation of, with the Advowfon of the 
 Church to Jiimfelf, with Remainder to 
 his Son William in general Entail, and 
 then to his Son John in Jpecial Entail, 
 and to his Heirs for ever; but it did not 
 continue long in his Family, for 3 Riib.il. 
 John Fitz- Alan ~Ea.r\. of ArundeJ, who being 
 fcnt with certain Forces to the Aid of 
 the Duke of ~Britai;ny> pcrifh'd by Ship- 
 wrack in his Return home, with many 
 of his Attendants, died poflefled of if, 
 and 4 Rev. IV. Reginald Lord Cobbam of 
 Stereborcugh died poflefled of it with other 
 Manors in this County, and left them 
 to Reginald his Son and Heir, who 6 Hen, 
 IV. had Livery of it with other Parts of 
 his Inheritance. 
 
 But before this Manor came into the 
 Pofleflion of the Lord Molins above- 
 mentioned, we upon further Search find, 
 that it was the Eftate of Henry tfOrti t .or 
 Oriray, who 2.5 Ed. I. was fummoncd to 
 Parliament among the Barons of this 
 Realm, and obtained in the $ift Year of 
 the fame King a Licence for a Market 
 every Week upoa Tuefday at this his Ma- 
 
 Male, and fo the Eftate going by Daugh- nor of Cokeli>>t>tony with a Fair yearly on 
 
 ters into other Families) are all de- 
 fcended of this Surname of Mufgrave in 
 this County and Devonjhire ; the Chief of 
 whom at prefent is Mufgrcwt of Nettle- 
 comb in this County. 
 
 Cokelington, or CocWington, the Eftate of 
 John Lord Molins in King Edward llld's 
 Reign, in whofe Favour he was fo much, 
 that he was made Treafurer of tbe Cham- 
 ber to that King, and obtained many 
 Grants of Lands and Privileges ; but 
 King Edward being at the Siege of Tour- 
 nay in France, and being difappointed of 
 fuch Money as he expelled from his 
 Treafurer, tp carry on the Siege, came 
 back fo enraged that he impriton'd this 
 John with feveral of the Judges, and 
 others, and made Seizure of their Lands, 
 as guilty of 'Rebellion, .Reg. 14. Some 
 Years this Manor therefore remained in 
 the King's Hands; but at length this 
 John being reconciled to tbc King, ob. 
 
 the Eve, Day and Morrow after the 
 Feaft of All Saints, and feven Days cn- 
 fuing. 
 
 Kilmington, or Kilmeton, the Manor of 
 John Lord Mtbun, who died peffefled of 
 it 4 Erf. III. leaving it to John his Grand- 
 fon (the Son of John his eldeft Son, who 
 died in his Life-time ) his next Heir: 
 This Manor was divers Succcflions in. 
 this Family of the Mobnnt ; but in the 
 Records it is written fome times Cnlmtoi-.^ 
 in Domefday-Book, Kiheton- l Ediv. I. 
 
 Mere, a imall Village, adjoining to 
 Pen ( of which we fiiall fpeak prefentiy) 
 where are fome fignal Remains of the 
 Engagements between the Britain* and 
 Saxcm, and afterwards of the &uaarftnd 
 Danes hereabouts, viz> Four Camps ; one 
 of which particularly having a doable 
 Ditch, appears to have been a 
 YV-ork by the Figure of it.
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Norton, once the chief Village of this 
 Hundred, tho* now inconfiderable, as 
 \ve fuppofe. The Hundred took its 
 Name from it : It was 19 Ed<w. IV. the 
 'Lordfhip of Fulke Bourchier Lord Fitz- 
 Warine, who then died lciz,ed of, leaving 
 it to John, his Son and Heir, and his 
 Succcflors. 
 
 Ncrton-BoKewood, the Lordfhip of Ed- 
 mund Lord Ferrers of Chartley, who died 
 poflefled of it 14 Hen. VI. and left it to 
 his Son and Heir William, who likewife 
 -died fcizcd of it 28 Hen. VI. leaving it 
 with his other Eftates to his only Daugh- 
 ter and Heir Anne , at that Time married 
 to Walter Devereux, Efq; who thereupon 
 became Lord Ferrers of Chartley. From 
 him the Deverexx'f Vifcounts Hereford, 
 and Earls of Effev, which are now ex- 
 tinct, were defcencicd. 
 
 Norton- M'Q'omers, the Demefne of Tho- 
 mas Wejl Lord de la Ware, who died pofc 
 fcfied of it 3 Hen. V. leaving u to Regi- 
 nald his Son and Heir, whole Pofterity 
 inherited it. 
 
 Pen, an inconfiderable Village, where 
 the God of War ( as our Author expref- 
 ieth himfelf ) feems to have confpired 
 the Extirpation of thcBritifo Name, and 
 the utter Ruin of the Danes ; for here 
 it was that KeniwaLh, the Weft-Saxon 
 King ( whom Bede calls Ser.wa.lch) gave 
 \\\cBritains fuchan entire Defeat, (Matth. 
 Wefiminfler calls it Per.vum ) that they 
 \vere never able afterwards to make 
 Head againft the Saxons. Many Ages 
 after this, Edmund frovjide encountred 
 the Danes in the fame Place, and gained 
 a memorable Vi&ory over them, while 
 he was in the Purfuit of Canute the Dane, 
 who had poflefled himfelf of the King- 
 dom, which he had almoft cffe&ed by 
 .an Encounter, which they had with King 
 Ethelred in this Place, in which they 
 AVerc too hard for the Saxons. This Vi- 
 ftory was obtained by the Danes in 1001. 
 
 Stoke-Triftre, the Manor and Eftate of 
 John Lord Mclins in the Reign of King 
 Edward III. which pa fling all along with 
 Cacklington above-mentioned, we need lay 
 o more of it. 
 
 Shipton-Montafute, the Lorpfhip of Si- 
 mon de Montacute, granted unto him by 
 King Edivard I. Reg. 1 8. with the Woods 
 thereunto belonging, in the Foreft of Sel- 
 ivood, with the Remainder to William 
 and Simon his Sons, and the Heirs of 
 their Bodies. William his eldeft Son in- 
 herited this Manor with other his Fa- 
 ther's Eftates. His Pofterity enjoyed 
 this Manor feveral Succeflions; and Wil- 
 liam, Earl of Salisbury, his Defcendant 
 dying poflefled of it zo Rich.ll. Elizabeth 
 his Widow furviving had for her Dowry 
 this Manor, and iome others in this 
 County, which upon her Death de- 
 fcended to Sir John de Mcntacute, his Ne- 
 phew and next Heir ; but how much 
 longer it continued in this Family, it 
 doth not appear, 
 
 XXIX. The Hundred of PITNEY. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 by the Hundreds of Somerton and Mar- 
 tock, on the South by South-Petherton, on 
 the Weft by the Hundred of Buljlone, 
 and on the North by the Hundred of 
 Somerton. The Fee is in the Crown, and 
 the Government under the High Sheriff. 
 The chief Town is 
 
 Langport, a Market- Town pretty well 
 frequented. The Market is on Saturday 
 every Week, and Fair yearly on 
 
 . The Lordfhip of this 
 Borough was the Eftate of William Mon- 
 tacute, Earl of Salisbury 20 Rich. z. and 
 after of Henry Beaufort, Marquefs of 
 Dorfet 6 Hen. V. when he died poflefled 
 of it, and left it with his Honour and 
 Eftates to John his Brother and Heir, 
 who was then a Prifoner in France, being 
 taken in pafling a Marfh near the Caftle 
 of Beaufort there, 9 Hen. V. In which Ad- 
 venture Thomas Duke of Clarence loft his 
 Life. 
 
 The greateft Honour of this Town is 
 that it gave the Title of a Baron to 
 Charles Lord Berkley of Rathdoun, and 
 Vifcount Fitz-Hardinjr in Ireland. This 
 Lord having faithfully ferved King 
 Charles II. in his greateft Diftrefs in fo- 
 reign
 
 S ME R S E r S HIRE. 
 
 199 
 
 reign Parts both by his perfonal Atten- 
 dance and feveral other Ways, as alfo 
 the Duke of York, in the Wars both in 
 France and the Netherlands, was, by rea- 
 fon of his Defcent from the ancient Lords 
 Botetort ( Maurice "Berkeley having mar- 
 ried Katharine, one of the Coheirs of 
 John the laft Lord Botetort ) by Letters 
 Patent advanced to the Dignity and 
 Degree of a Baron of this Realm, by the 
 Title of Lord Botetort of Langpert ; and 
 alfo to the Honour of an Earl, by the 
 Title of Earl of Falmotith, and to the 
 Heirs Male of his Body. He was flain 
 in the bloody Sea-fight with the Dutth in 
 1665, and leaving one only Daughter, 
 Mary for his Heir, his Honour became 
 extint. He was buried in Wejlminjler 
 Abbey. 
 
 Tn the late Ciyil Wars General Goring 
 lay in this County about this Town, ro 
 fupport and encourage the King's Friends: 
 Gen. Fairfax in y/y 1545 cntrcd this 
 County, and two Days together fell in- 
 to Goring's Quarters, killing many, and 
 ,at length routing his whole Army, but 
 did not purfue them, becaufe he was in- 
 tent upon getting Bridgwater. Langport 
 might have faved the King's Party 
 from this Dcftru&ion; but Goring being 
 difcontented, did not care it fhould. 
 Sir John D/giy, a worthy Gentleman of 
 this Shire, who having been long bred a 
 Soldier in the Spanish Netherlands, was 
 entruftcd with a third Part of the King's 
 Army, and had put the Commifllon of 
 Array in Execution in this County for 
 his Majefty'sService,received his Death's 
 Wound in the Skirmiflies here, of which 
 he died. 
 
 In this Town, and other Villages upon 
 the Parret towards Bridgivater, Eels are 
 fo cheap in the frofty Time of Winter, 
 that they are fold for little or nothing. 
 Their Abundance proceeds from hence, 
 That as the People walk in the frofty 
 Morning, on the Side of the River they 
 difcern towards the Edges of the Banks 
 fome Parts not hoary as the reft are, but 
 of a -green Colour, where upon iearch- 
 ing the Holes in the Banks, they find 
 
 Heaps of Eels. Lowth. Phil. Tranf. v. a- 
 837. 
 
 Knolle, the Lordftiip and Eftate of Si- 
 mon Lord Montacute, granted to him by 
 King Edward I. Reg. l8. with the Re- 
 mainder to his Sons William and Simott, 
 and the Heirs of their Bodies. His Son 
 William inherited it, and u Ed<w. II. pro- 
 cured a Charter for Free Warren in all 
 his Dcmefne Lands throughout this his 
 Lordfliip. He died feized of it i^ Ed. II. 
 and left it to his Son and Heir WtHlam, 
 who was created Earl of Salisbury laEd. 
 III. He died I 7 Eeiw. III. and Katharine 
 his Wife furviving him, had for her 
 Dowry an Afligration of this Manor, 
 which after her Death returned to her 
 Son and Heir William Earl of Salubnry 9 
 20 Ediv. III. 
 
 Knoll Hill, near which a chcquer'd 
 Pavement of white, blew, and red was 
 found about 40 Years ago, is near this- 
 Village. 
 
 JMttthelney-IJle, a Rivcr-Ifland, formed 
 by the Confluence of the Rivers Evel 
 and Pedred, or Parret. The Name Mtt~ 
 chelney dignifies a large Ifland. In it ars 
 feen the Remains of an old Monaftery's- 
 Walls, which Hiftorians tell uswasbuik 
 by King Athelffan. 
 
 Pitney, a Village of no Note, fave that 
 it gave Name to the Hundred. It was- 
 the Demefnc of Alan Plugenet i~E.'/<a;. L 
 who then died pofleffed of it, and gavcr 
 it to Alan his Son. 
 
 XXX. The Hundred of PORTBURY^ 
 
 This Hundred hath fome Rcfemblance- 
 of a Triangle almoft equilateral, the- 
 Eaftern Side being inclofed with the Rt- 
 vcr Avon, which divides it from Glocefter- 
 foire, the Bafis being bounded with the 
 Hundred of Bedminjter and Har Ijffe ; and 
 the Weftern Side lying upon the Brijlal 
 Channel, and both Sides meet in thp 
 Angle on the North. The Fee of this 
 Hundred was the Eftate of Tkomat Lord 
 Berkley 5 Hen. V. who then died poflelTeA 
 of it. After his Death the Great Earl 
 of Warwick got Pofleflion of it and other- 
 Part*
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 #00 
 
 Parts of the Lord Berkley's Eftate, and 
 kept fames Lord Berkley the right Heir 
 fbme Years out of it. King Henry upon 
 the Remonftrance of the Lord had a lit- 
 tle before his Death commanded the 
 Earl to give him Poflcflion of them ; 
 but upon the King's Death, the Earl re- 
 poflefled himfclf of them, till the Lord 
 Berkley applying himfelf to Humphrey 
 Duke of , the King's Brother; and 
 promising him a Thoufand Marks to be 
 paid, within one Year and an half after 
 he had obtained the Livery of them, ob- 
 tained them ; and having paid his Re- 
 lief, had Summons to Parliament, as a 
 Baron. This Hundred hath no Market- 
 Town in it : The chief Village is 
 
 Pcrtbury, which gave Name to the 
 Hundred, and went along with the Him- 
 dred in the Family of the Lords Berkley, 
 as well before as after the Conteft with 
 the Earl of Warwick. 
 
 Clapton, the Lordfhip of Robert Lord 
 Huntrerford, who died pofleflcd of it 
 3 Edw. IV. being beheaded at Newcaftle 
 for his ftrift Adherence to the Lamajlri- 
 am. His Son and Heir Thomas fuffered 
 rhe like Fate, and their great Etlate 
 was feized on, and given by King Ed- 
 ward to his Brother Richard, Duke of 
 GIo ejter (afterwards King Richard III. ). 
 But the Lancastrians after Ibme Years 
 getting the Crown in King Henry VII. 
 who flew King Richard III. in Bofworth 
 Field, the Attainders of thefe Lords were 
 rcverfed by Parliament, and their Lands 
 and Inheritance reftored to their right 
 Heir Mary, the folc Daughter of Thomas 
 Lord Huntrerford ; ihe being then a Mi- 
 nor, her Wardmip was granted to Wil- 
 liam Lord Hajlings, Lord Chamberlain, 
 who married her to his Son Edward, and 
 fo brought her vaft Ettatc into his Fa- 
 mily. From her the prefent Earl of 
 H*nt'uifrton is defended. This Manor 
 with Mapton and Hatberley is valued in 
 the Schedule of her Eftate at zy/. 19 j. 
 4</. a Year. 
 
 EJlon in Garden, one of thofc many 
 I.ordfhips, which EJmttntl Mortimer, Earl 
 of March died pofleflcd of 3 Hen. VI. 
 
 without Iflue; whereupon Richard Pltn- 
 tagenet, Duke of York, Son of Anne his 
 Siller, was found his Coufin and next 
 Heir; and by him they came to the 
 Crown, Edward his Son, Duke of York, 
 obtaining that which he loft his Life in 
 feeking, by the Name of K. Edward I V. 
 
 Fyland, an Hamlet in the Parifh of 
 Wnxall, where the antient Family of 
 the Meads have a Seat, called Mead's 
 Place. Maurice, Lord Berkley, married 
 Ifabel the Daughter of Philip Mead, Efq; 
 of this Family, who had for her Portion 
 befides other Ettates a Leafe of Mead's 
 Place aforefaid for One and twenty Years. 
 She was a Benefa&or to the Friars Ait- 
 guftines in London, who obliged them- 
 Iclves for it to pray for the Soul of this 
 Lord Maurice, and his Lady Ifabel br 
 ever. 
 
 Portjbead, or Porjbut, the Lordfliip and 
 Eftate of Maurice Lord Berkley, who died 
 poflefled of it, and left it to his Son and 
 Heir Thomas, then Lord Berkley. He ob- 
 tained 2 Hen. IV. a Charter for Free 
 Warren in this and fome other of his 
 Lordfliips in this County. He died pol- 
 fefled only of the third Part of the Ma- 
 nor of Pcrtfiead, and in the Conteft be- 
 tween J-ames Lord Berkley and the Earl 
 of Warwick no more is mentioned, as of 
 his Inheritance, but a third Part of the 
 Manor of Portpfeved ( as it is there writ- 
 ten). How the other two Parts were alie- 
 nated, we cannot difcover. 
 
 Ticknam, or Ticheham, a Part of the 
 large Pofleffions of fVilliam de Auco, or 
 Ewe the Second, the Son of William, 
 Earl of Ewe in Normandy, who was one 
 of the Chief Counfellors of William, Duke 
 of Normandy, in attempting the Con- 
 quert of England, as we find it in DorneP- 
 day -Bock. But this Earl, and his Po- 
 ftcriry down, as far as the Reign of 
 King Henry III. being often rebellious a- 
 gainft the reigning King, viz.. this Wil- 
 liam Hnd his Son Hmry, againft Will'mm. 
 Rufus, and King Henry I. and another 
 William adhering to the King of France 
 againit King^ Henry HI. that Kin?; fuized 
 upon their Eftate, and gave it, or the 
 
 greuteft
 
 SO ME R S E? S HIRE. 
 
 8oi" 
 
 greatcft Part of it to his Son Prince Ed- 
 ward (afterwards King Ed-w. I.) whereby 
 this Manor became invefted in rhe 
 Crown. 
 
 Walton, the Manor and Eftate alfo of 
 Tl.vmas Lord Berkley, for which he ob- 
 tained a Charter for Free Warren, with 
 the Lord (hip of Portfiead above men- 
 tioned. It afterwards became the E- 
 ftate of the Lords Httngerfcrd, and was 
 inherited by their fole Daughter and 
 Heir Mary, who married to Edward 
 Lord Hajlings, and was then valued with 
 Kihnerfdon at 4 1/, iz f. id. Ob. Earl 
 fjfl<w\et hath a Seat here. 
 
 Wejlon, another of thofe Manors in 
 this County, for which Thomas Lord 
 Berkley procured a Charter of Free War- 
 ren 2 Hen. IV. and which he left at 
 his Death to his Coufin and next Heir 
 fames de Berkley, who having obtained it, 
 by means of the Duke of Glocefler, out 
 of the Earl of Warwick's Hands, fettled 
 them upon the Heirs Male of his Body, 
 4 Hen. VI. But leaving none, his Eftates 
 were divided among his three Daugh- 
 ters, Margaret, Eleanor, and Elizabeth , 
 who all married to powerful Men ; but 
 who had this Manor, we know not. 
 
 WroxaU, or WraxtU, but in fome an- 
 tient Writings Wrokejhale, the Manor 
 and Eftate, for a long Time, of the Fa- 
 mily of Gorges, who had their Seat here. 
 Ralph de Gorges had Summons to Parlia- 
 ment among the Barons of this Realm 
 from zEdw. II. to the i6th of the fame 
 King; and his Father Ralph. 4 Hen. III. 
 was made Govcrnour of Sblrbttrn Caftle, 
 and a little after, of the Caftle of Exeter. 
 Theobald de Gorges, the Son of the former 
 Ralph was High Sheriff of the County of 
 Dorfet and this Shire, in the Reign of 
 King Edward III. He alfo obtained of 
 the fame King Reg. $6. a Licence for a 
 Market every Week upon Thurfday at 
 this his Manor of Wrokejbale ; and for a 
 Fair yearly upon the Eve, Day and 
 Morrow of the Feaft of All Saints, and 
 five Days next following. None of the 
 Defendants of this Family were fum- 
 moned to Parliament after Ralph Lord 
 Gorges ; but they have lived in this Place 
 for many Succe&ons, and but of late 
 
 are reduced to a female Heir, which 
 will bring this Seat into another Fami- 
 ly, or be extint. 
 
 St. Vincent's Rock, though it may be 
 thought more properly to belong to out- 
 Natural Hiftory, yet ought to be men- 
 tioned here, becaule it is fituaie in this 
 Hundred by the River Avon, which 
 fcems to divide it into two Parts, both 
 of them producing Plenty of tranfparenc 
 Stones like Diamonds in Pellucidnefs, 
 but differing in Hardncfs ; of which more 
 in the Natural Hiftory. 
 
 XXXI. The Hundred of SOMERTO.V. 
 
 This Hundred being much longer than 
 broad, is inclofed with more Hundreds 
 than any other, by reafon of its Big- 
 nefs. On the Eaft ic is bounded with 
 the Hundred of Cattefajh ; on the 
 South with the Hundreds of Barwuk, 
 Marto.k, Pitney, Bulftone, and Abdlck; on 
 the Weft with the Hundred of Andtrf.elA, 
 and on the North with the Hundreds of 
 Wbitlegh, Glaflon, and Cattefajh aforefaid. 
 The Fee of this Hundred was i 3 Edvu. 
 in Edmund ofWoodJlock, that King's Un- 
 cle, and fo continued in the Beginning 
 of the Reign of King Edward III. when 
 being guilty of a Confpiracy of refto- 
 ring his Brother King Edward II. to his 
 Throne, being by fome Perfons pei- 
 fuaded that he was then alive, he was 
 beheaded. He was a Perfon fo well be- 
 loved, that tho' Queen Ifabel, and the 
 Lord Mortimer were eager to have hitn 
 executed, they could not for a good 
 While find an Executioner, till upon 
 Promife of Pardon, a Rogue condemned 
 to die, came out of the Marjljatfea, ami 
 did it. By his Treaibn (as it was culled) 
 all his Eftate was forfeited, and this 
 Hundred with fome other of his littates 
 given to William de Montacnte, afterwards 
 created Earl of Salisbury for Life. Ed- 
 mund left two Sons, Edmund, who died 
 the fame Year with his Father in his 
 Minority, and jpobn, who being reftored 
 in Blood by the Parliament, obtained 
 his Father's Eftate, and died poflefTed of 
 this Hundred, and left it with his other 
 Eftates, for Want of Iflue, to Joan his 
 Sifter, then the Wife of Sir Thomas Hl- 
 I i i i i
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 802 
 
 land, Knr. But his Wife Elizabeth furvived 
 him, and had this Hundred, and divers 
 others of his Lordfhips and Eftates, for 
 her Dowry. She foon after her Huf- 
 band's Death vowed Chaftity, and was 
 folemnly veiled a Nun ; but afterwards 
 marrying clandeitinely without the Arch- 
 bifhop's Licenfe, was put to a fevere Pe- 
 nance, viz. not only to fay the Peniten- 
 tial Pfalms, many Pater-Nofters and 
 Ave's; but once a Year to go on foot to 
 Thomas Becket's Shrine at Canterbury ; and 
 once a Week take nothing but Bread, 
 and drink a Mefs of Portage, wearing 
 no Smock. The Chief Town of this 
 County is 
 
 Somerton, in Saxon Sum upcon, from 
 whence the County takes its Name, as 
 we have above Ihewed in the Beginning 
 of this County. It is fituate upon a 
 Branch of the River Parret, and was an- 
 tiently a Town of good Note. 'Tis now 
 large, but poor, yet hath a well-ftored 
 Market on Mondays once a Fortnight, 
 especially for lean Cattle : But that 
 which is a much greater Support to this 
 Town, is a great Beafts Fair, kept here 
 from 'Palm-Sunday to the Middle of June, 
 to which all fuch as make Grazing their 
 Employment (as moft of the Land-hol- 
 ders in thefc Parts do) re fort for Cattle. 
 "We alfo find that Edmund of Woodflo:k, 
 Earl of Kent, and lecond Son of King 
 Edward I. obtained a Licenfe i^Edw. II. 
 for a Fair at this Town, upon the Eve 
 and Day of St. Andrew the Apoftle, and 
 fcveh Days after. The Manor and Town 
 \vcre fo clofely annexed to theHundred, 
 under its leveral Lords, that we have 
 nothing to add, but who were the Pro- 
 prietors after Edward Ill's Reign ; viz. 
 That in the 13 Hen. VII. it was theEftate 
 of Edward Stafford, Duke of B#> kingham, 
 who being beheaded for Treafon, his 
 Eftate became forfeited to the Crown, 
 and was probably given to Richard Pole, 
 Knt. a valiant Man, who had ferved 
 Xing Henry VII. in his Wars with Scot- 
 land ; for we find his Wife Margaret, as 
 Heir to Edward, Earl of Warwick., her 
 Brother, and Daughter of Gecrge, Duke 
 of Clarence, in Pofleflion of this Manor of 
 Somerto??, then valued at 72 /. 3 s. 9 d, Ob. 
 
 per Ann. and other great Eftates, and 
 ftiled theCountefs of Salisbury. 
 
 This Town had antiently a Caftle be- 
 longing to the WeJl-Saxon Kings, which 
 Ethelbald, King of the Mercians, poflefTcd 
 himfelf of by Storm, The Keeping of 
 this Caftle in antient Times was a Place 
 of greatTruft,andPri(bners of the great- 
 eft Quality were under the Cuftody of 
 the Conftables of it : For John, King of 
 Trance, who had been a Prifoner for a 
 Time in Hertford Caftle, was removed to 
 this Caftle for greater Security. But 
 Time hath now demolifh'd it, fo that 
 now nothing of it appears. 
 
 This Town hath the Honour of giving 
 the Title of a Baron to the Family of 
 StaweH ; Ralph StaweU being created 
 Lord StaweU of Somerton by K. Charles II. 
 in 1682. The eldcft Branch of this Fa- 
 mily have flourifh'd in this County, 
 dwelling at StaweU, Cotholjlon and Ham 
 above 600 Years, and divers of them 
 have ferved in Parliament for their 
 Country. Tv>'Ojfohn StaveUs were created 
 Knights of the Bath, at the Coronations 
 of King Charles I. and Charles II. One of 
 whom was High Sheriff of this County 
 4 Car. I. as was another Sir John StaweU ', 
 Knt. tfEliz. Thp laft of the Knights 
 of the Bath was very ftedfaft and loyal 
 to King Charles I. in his Troubles. He 
 died foon after the Reftoration, without 
 any Reward of his Loyalty ; whereupon 
 Ralph, his Son and Heir, who fucceeded 
 him, became Heir of the Kings Favour, 
 being created by him Lord StaweU oi 
 Somerton. His Son and Succeflbr John 
 died without Iflue Male, and was fuc- 
 ceeded by his Half-brother, the prefent 
 Lord StaweU. This Lord married the 
 only Daughter and Heir of William Pert 
 of Mountnejpng in Ejje#, Efq. by whom he 
 hath one Son and one Daughter, named 
 William, and Charlotte. 
 
 Auler, or Anlre, a little Village, con- 
 fitting of a few fmall Cottages, which 
 yet feems to have been a Town of better 
 Note of old ; for when King Alfred had 
 lhatter'd the Danes, and ftraitnlng 
 them by a .Siege, had forced them to 
 furrender, and to take an Oath to de- 
 part out of his Dominions with all Ex- 
 pedition ;
 
 S M E R $ 
 
 pcdition ; and -Godrnn, their King (as 
 Affur tells us) had promis'd to embrace 
 Chriftianity ; he was baptized in this 
 Place ; and Alfred having been his God- 
 father, lifted him out or the Sacred Font 
 of Regeneration with great Solemnity. 
 
 Walter Forjlcr, B. D. was Vicar of this 
 Place, when the late Civil Wars began, 
 and was not only fequeftred from this 
 Vicarage, but imprifbn'd. He could ne- 
 ver recover any Fifths from his Succef- 
 for ; but when he once demanded, was 
 in Derifion ofter'd a Groar. He had 
 been Fellow of Immanuel College, Cam- 
 bridge. He lived to be reftored. 
 
 Atfalney, called by the Saxons JfLihe- 
 Ihgy, i. e. An IJland of Nobles, is made, by 
 the Mixing of the Tkone with the Parret, 
 a River-Ifland. It is made remarkable 
 by King Alfred's Abfconding in it, when 
 the Danes over-ran all, notwithftanding 
 
 ETSB1KE. 803 
 
 all the Refiftancc he could make. And 
 truly this Ifland is moft excellently well 
 contrived for a Place of Refuge; for the 
 (landing Pool, and Floodings of the Ri- 
 vers (which Affer calls by a Latin-Saxon 
 Word, Gronnas} make it inacccflible. It 
 had formerly a Bridge built between two 
 Towers, erefted by^ King Alfred : Alfo a 
 very large Set of Alders, full of Goafs 
 and Deer; but the firm Ground is not 
 above two Acres broad. Upon this he 
 built a Monaftery : The whole Stru&ure 
 whereof ( faith Malmsbury} is fupported 
 by four Pofts, faftned in the Ground, 
 with four arched Chancels round it. 
 Near this Ifland was found, fome Years 
 fince, a moft remarkable Ciiriofity, be- 
 longing formerly to King Alfred, and loft 
 by him, in all Likelyhood, when he ab- 
 fconded in this Place, after he was do- 
 fcated by the Danes. 
 
 The Infcription plainly fliews that it 
 'ivas King Alfred that caufed this Pifture 
 to be made; the Language being Saxon, 
 and thus to be Englifh'd, Alfred command- 
 ed me to be made. And it was the Opi- 
 nion of a very learned Perfon, that the 
 Occafion of it was the Vifion of St.Cntb- 
 lert, which William of A/lalmsbury fpeaks 
 of appearing to him and his Mother, the 
 fame Night, (after he had been beaten 
 by the Danes, and retired into this 
 Ifland ) and affured him that he mould 
 be a great King. In Memory whereof 
 we may reafonably fuppofe that the I- 
 mage upon it is St. Cuthbert's ( to whofe 
 ^Merits he was wont to afcribe all his fu- 
 
 ture Succcflcs over the Danes}', and not 
 only fo, but being plainly made on pur- 
 pofe to hang on a String, it is very pro- 
 bable that himfelf conftantly wore it in 
 Honour to this his Tutelar Saint. 
 
 In 1674. as the Workmen employed 
 by Captain Hn,ker, who had purchased 
 this Ir'fuLi Nobil'mm, and the JMintirrna of 
 King Alfred, to build him an iloi.:'c, 
 were digging deep to lay the Founda- 
 tion, thev light of a Tomb ( the Top of 
 it was a fair Teifle ) but found nothing 
 in it but a Piece of Cloath, a Skull, and 
 the Os Ilium. The Sides and Bottom- 
 were Free-Stone, in which laft was cut 
 out Room for the feyeral Parrs of the 
 I i i i i 2 Body ;
 
 8 04 
 
 SOME R S E 2" S H I R E. 
 
 Body; the Head round and big, the 
 Keck finall, the Shoulders broad, &>c. 
 and leveral Holes were made thro' it. 
 It was varioufly wrought and hatched 
 all over, but no Infcription was difco- 
 ver'd. Continuing to dig, they came 
 to the Foundations of feme Part of the 
 once famous Monaftery, where they 
 dug up the Bafes of the Pillars of the 
 Church, and found fome Graves, of 
 which one was near eight Foot long, 
 and in it Bones anfwerable ; much 
 Free Scone, and fome of it excellently 
 wrought, being, as was judged, Window- 
 Work, or Carvings of Roofs, and (hew- 
 ing Paint and Gilding; and alfo painted 
 Bricks and Tiles, undoubtedly the Pave- 
 ments of the Church. They alfo found 
 a great, curious Spur of Gold, but dif- 
 pofed of it for their own Benefit. 
 
 Camel, a Manor belonging to the 
 Crown antiently, but given by King 
 John to Hubert de Bi*rgh, Earl of Kent ; 
 yet rcfumed by King Henry III. as may 
 be fuppofed, becaufe in the ijth Year 
 of that King he obtained a Grant of feme 
 other Manors, in Exchange for this of 
 Camel. This Manor being thus fettled 
 in the Crown, William de Montacute, Earl 
 of Salisbury being retain'd to fcrve the 
 King for his whole Life, as well in Time 
 of Peace, as War, obtained a Grant of 
 this Manor of Camel with the Park ; but 
 charged with fome Rents payable to^- 
 muvd of Woodjlock, Earl of Kent, who had 
 a Grant of Two thoufand Marks to be 
 paid him yearly out of this and other 
 Lordflnps in this and other Counties. 
 Near thi.s Village, by the Side of a little 
 Iliver ftands, 
 
 Camalet, a ftecp Mountain, of a very 
 difficult Afcent , on the Top whereof 
 are the plain Footfteps of an old decayed 
 Camp, and a triple Rampire of Earth 
 call up, including 20 Acres. The Inha- 
 bitants call it King Arthur's Palace ; but 
 that it was really a Work of the Romans, 
 is evident from the Roman Coins daily 
 dug up there. The HiJl is a Mile in 
 Compafs at the Top, four Trenches cir- 
 cling it, and between each of them an. 
 c-".rtnen Wall. On the very Top of the 
 hill, as bath been faJd, is an Area of 
 
 twenty Acres, or more, where in fevcrai 
 Places, as Leland observes, might be feen 
 the Foundations of Walls. And there 
 was much dusky, blue Stone, which the 
 People of the adjoining Villages had in 
 his Time carried away : Befides the 
 Coins, Stow tells us, of a Silver Horfe- 
 flioe dug up there in the Memory of 
 that Age ; and Leland defcribes it in a 
 kind of Extafy thus : " Good Lord, 
 " what deep Ditches, what high Walls, 
 " what Precipices are here ! In fliort, I 
 " look upon it as a very great Wonder, 
 "both of Art and Nature! 3 ' What 
 the Romans might call it, we are altoge- 
 ther ignorant, unlefs it be that Caer Ca- 
 hmhn, which we meet with in Ninnlus's 
 Catalogue by a Tranfpofition of Letters 
 for Camelion: But of that let the Learned 
 judge. 
 
 Cbolton, the Manor and Eftate of Ro- 
 bert Lord Fitz-Pain, who died feized of 
 it o Edw. I. leaving it to his Son aud Heir 
 Robert, who die4 poflefled of it o Ed. II. 
 and left it to his Son Robert, who having 
 no Ifluc Male, Ifabel his only Daughter 
 became his Heir ; and marrying Sir Ri- 
 chard Votings, Knt. carried this Manor 
 and many other Eftates into his Family. 
 Sir Richard Poinings went with the Duke 
 of Lancajler into Spain, and there died. 
 Ifabel his Wife retaining her Inheritance 
 till her Death, which happened 1 7 JEW. II. 
 and then left it with her other Eftates to 
 Robert Poynings her Son, who enjoy 'd it 
 for his Life, and died poflefled of it 
 a 5 Hew. VI. being {lain at the Siege of 
 Orleans, leaving Eleanor the Wife of 
 Sir Henry Perry, Knt. -her next Heir. A 
 Moiety of the Advowfon went alfo along 
 with the Manor, which came together 
 to the Rujfels, Earls of Bedford. 
 
 Lidford, or Ludfird, a Manor granted 
 to John Holland, Earl of Huntington, in 
 fpecial Tail, Parcel of the Pofleffions of 
 James Lord Audley attainted, in lieu of 
 the Two thoufand Marks per Armttm. pro- 
 mifed him when he was created an Earl. 
 He not being fatisfy'd with the Depofi- 
 tion of King Richard II. entered into a 
 Confpiracy with the Earl of Kent, and 
 others, to depofe King Henry IV. which 
 
 being
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 being difcover'd, he was taken and be- 
 headed at Plejby in EJfex. Being thus 
 cut off, he was attainted in Parliament, 
 and his Eftate confifcated to the King. 
 Yet his Son Richard died poflefled of this 
 Manor, and other Eftates, which had 
 been his Father's. He Ijad no Iflue, and 
 fo his Eftate pafled to his Brother John, 
 who being reftored in Blood, was after- 
 wards created Duke of Exeter, and died 
 poflefled of this Manor and other Eftates, 
 defcended to him from his Father and 
 Brother, 26 Hen. VI. 
 
 Kingfdon, or Kinpfaown, the Manor and 
 Eftate of John Fitz-Ahn, Earl ofArun- 
 del, of which he died poflefled 13 H. VI. 
 but it continued not long in his Family ; 
 for Edward, Earl of Warwick and Salif- 
 bitry, was by an Inquifition, taken at his 
 Death, found poflefled of it. 
 
 XXXII. The Hundred of SOOTH P- 
 
 ' THERTON. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundred of TintinhiU; on the 
 South with the Hundreds of Crukern and 
 Kingsbury ; on the Weft with the Hun- 
 dreds of North-Curry and Abdick ; and on 
 the North with the Hundreds ofBulftone 
 and Pitney. The Fee of this Hundred is 
 in the Crown, and under the Govern- 
 ment of the Sheriff. The chief Town is 
 South-Petlerton, from which the Hun- 
 dred takes its Name. The River Pedred 
 gave Name to this Town, being at firft 
 called Pedrid.in, and after Petherton, or 
 Pedred-town* It was of old famous for 
 being the Palace of King Ina, but now 
 is of little Note for any thing, but that 
 it is a Market-Town, the Market being 
 weekly on Thur/day, and Fair yearly on 
 the Eve, Day, and Morrow after the 
 Nativity of St. John Baptijt, June 24. and 
 three Days next following, procured by 
 William ( Cambden fays Henry ) d'Auber.y, 
 or Albinl, 25 Hen. VI. The Manor had 
 fomcTime before been in the Family ; for 
 Giles d'Aabeny, who had been Sheriff of 
 the Counties of Bedford and Bucks, 
 ioHw. VI. and died the Zjd of the 
 fame Reign, bequeathed his Body ro be 
 
 buried in the Chapel of Our Lady, in the 
 Church of St. Peter and St. Paul at Pe* 
 theri en South, before the Altar there, ap- 
 pointing that a Prieft fhould fing for 
 the Space of three Years in that Chapel 
 for his Soul, Joan his Wife's, and IVil- 
 Ham d' Aubfny' s, his Kinfman. G Ifs, the 
 Son of the hrft forementioncd William, 
 who fucceeded his bather in his liftate, 
 was a Man of Note in his Time, for be- 
 ing one of the Efquires of the Body to 
 King Edward IV. he obtained, in Confi- 
 deration of his many good Services, a 
 Grant for Life of the Cuflody of that 
 King's Park in this Town. This Lord 
 ordered his Body to be buried in rhe 
 Abbey of St. Peters at Wefiminjler, and 
 gave the Manors of Winder/low in Wills, 
 and Grichel-Gover in Dcrfetjkire, for three 
 Priefts to be fuftaincd perpetually to 
 fing for his own, Father's and Mother's 
 Souls ; two at St. Peters, where he was 
 buried, and the third in this Parifli- 
 Church, where divers of his Anceftors 
 lay interred; and to have each of them 
 for their Salary yearly Ten Marks Ster- 
 ling. But foon after this, this Manor palled, 
 into the Family of the Lords Hungerford : 
 For 7 Edw. IV. this Manor, then valued- 
 at 40 /. per Annum is found in the Sche- 
 dule of the great Eftate of Mary, the 
 fole Daughter and Heir of Thomas Lord 
 Hungerford, about that Time married to 
 Edward Lord Haflings, from whom the 
 Earls of Huntingdon are defcended, wha 
 bear yet fome of the Titles, which flie 
 ufed before her Marriage, a& Hiwgerford, 
 Botreux, Mouls, and Moiins* 
 
 Dr. Chrijlopher Marks, Vicar of this Pa- 
 rifli, and a Prebendary of Wells, was fe- 
 queftred from this Living in the Times 
 of the Civil Wars, and his other Prefer- 
 ments, with his real Eftate. He after- 
 wards was imprifoned at Wells ; and tlio" 1 
 he lay in Pnfon but eleven Days, he 
 could not be releafed till he had given 
 a Bond of a Thoufand Pounds, ro appear 
 before the Parliament, if fummoncd. 
 He had a Wife, and 15 Children, and 
 never had any Fifths paid him to fup- 
 port them. His Lofles in Temporals 
 only were computed at 5000 Pound*. 
 
 He
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 806 
 
 He died before the Reftoradon, and left 
 a miferable Family. 
 
 Chillington, a Manor granted by King 
 Richard III. to John Howard, Kt. to hold 
 of the Crown in fpecial Tail, in Confi- 
 deration that he had been faithful to 
 the Houfe of York, during the whole 
 Reign of King Edward IV. his Brother ; 
 and to oblige him the more to continue 
 firm to his Interefts, he made Him Earl 
 "Marfhal of England, and Duke of Nor- 
 folk, at the fame Time conferring on his 
 Son Thomas the Honour of Earl of Sur- 
 vey ; but he enjoy'd neither his Honours 
 nor Eftate long; for he was flain in the 
 next Year in Bofworth Field, and being 
 attainted in the next Parliament i Hen. 
 "VII. all his Eftate was confifcated ; but 
 his Son, by his loyal and valiant Beha- 
 viour recovered all, being reftored in 
 Blood, and made Duke of Norfolk, as his 
 Tofterity continue. 
 
 Barrington, the Seat of Sir JohnClifton, 
 Xnt. who in the Twenty-eighth Year of 
 the Reign of Queen Elizabeth was High 
 Sheriff of this County. 
 
 Eradway, now an inconfiderable Vil- 
 lage ; but being the Lordfhip of Henry 
 dOrtray, a Parliamentary Baron, he ob- 
 tained of King Edward I. Reg. 31. a Li- 
 cence for a Market every Week upon 
 Tuefday, and a Fair yearly upon the Fe- 
 iiival of St. Aldelme, and 
 
 eight Days following ; but we fuppofe 
 the Market quite loft, if the Fair be 
 continued. 
 
 Donzate, Doneyate, orDonitt, the Manor 
 and Eftate of John de Montacute, Earl of 
 Salisbury, 20 Rich. II. when he died pof- 
 fefled of it, leaving it to his Coufin and 
 next Heir Sir Join Montacute, his Bro- 
 ther's Son ; but Elizabeth his Lady fur- 
 viving him, had for her Dowry an Af- 
 fignation of this and divers other Ma- 
 rors in this County, and elfewhere. In 
 this Family it remained after her De- 
 ceafe, till Margaret, Countels of Salisbu- 
 ry 10 Hen. VIII. matching her Daughter 
 "Urfula with Henry the Son and Heir of 
 "Edward Stafford^ Duke of Buckingham, 
 fettled this Manor, and divers others, 
 upon the faid He*ry and UrfuJa, and the 
 
 Heirs of their Bodies lawfully begotten. 
 But it feems as if Margaret had referved 
 her own Life in the Eftates fo fettled, 
 becaufe flic being attainted of Treafon 
 (in her Widowhood) 31 Hen. VI II. in 
 joyning with the Marquefs of Exeter, 
 and executed on Tower-hill, 53 Ren. VIII. 
 was found poflefled of this Manor, then 
 worth 27 7. 19 s. 6 d. per Annum, and di- 
 vers other large Eftates in this and other 
 Counties. 
 
 Eajl Chenoch hath nothing remarkable 
 in it, but a Salt-Spring, above Twenty 
 Miles from the Sea. It is well watered 
 by the River Pedred, near which it ftands. 
 
 Lopen, or Lopyn, the Manor of Hum- 
 phrey, Lord Stafford of Hooke, who died 
 feized of it, and many other Eftates 
 yEdw. IV. He was beheaded at Bridg- 
 water, for deferring the Earl of Pembroke 
 in a Difguft, when he was fent to lup- 
 prefs the Northern Infurre&ion, under 
 Sir J.hn Comers. He had been created 
 Earl of Devon a little before, and dying 
 without Iflue, his Eftate defcended to 
 Elizabeth and Eleanor his Confins and 
 Heirs then married. 
 
 Shepton-Beauchampe, fo called from the 
 Family of Beauchamps of Hauke, who 
 were long Lords of it. John Lord Beau- 
 chamj>e died pofleffed of it 1 7 Edw. III. 
 leaving it to his Son and Heir Join* 
 Margaret his Wifefurvived him, and had 
 for her Dowry foon after his Death this 
 Manor afligncd her. She outlived her 
 Son John, ib that he never enjoy'd it, 
 but at his Death left the Reverfion of 
 it with other Eftates to his two Sifters 
 Cicely and Eleanor, and their Heirs. This 
 Manor upon the Partition pafled to Ci- 
 cely, who married to .... Turbervitt, 
 and carried this with divers other Eftates 
 into his Family ; for Margaret was dead 
 before the Divifion was made. Eleanor 
 married John Merlet, who died 3 Rich.ll. 
 
 Whitjlanton is famous for nothing but 
 for being the Habitation of Rob. Bret, 
 the Father of Dr. Richard Bret, who be- 
 N ing educated under a good Tutor in Lin- 
 coln College, became thro' his own Tn- 
 duftry eminent in Tongues, Divinity, 
 and other Learning, He was in 1595. 
 
 made
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 807 
 
 nude Re&or of Qiminton near Aylesbury Eftate by the female Heirs went into o- 
 
 in Buckingham jljire, And in 1604 appointed ther Families. 
 
 one of the Tranflutors of the Bible into In the Moors, as you go from Yeovil to 
 Englifl) by King James I. He tcok his Bridgwater, in the extreme Drought that 
 Dotor of Divinity's Degree in 1605. and there was in 1666. fome Lengths of Pit- 
 was made one of the firft Fellows of fture grew withered and parched much 
 Chelfea College, founded by Dr. Matih. fooner than others, and the parched 
 
 Places feemed to fome, that were curious 
 
 Sut.iffe in 1616. He died at Qttalnton in 
 1637. Jt.-]o. and lies buried under a fair 
 Monument in the Chancel theie. 
 
 XXXIII. The Hundred of STONE. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundreds of Barwick, Horehorn, 
 and Dorfetfiire ; on the South with the 
 Hundred of Coker; on the Weft with the 
 Hundreds of Houndsborottgb and Martock, 
 and on the North with a Part of Tintin- 
 luU Hundred, and Bartvick. The Fee of 
 this Hundred was in John Holland, Earl 
 
 Obfcrvers, to bear the Length and Shape 
 of Trees. In fome of them they digged, 
 and found Oaks as black as Ebony in 
 them; which Succefs has made others 
 eager to fearch for more, and . many 
 Hundreds have by-tliat means been taken 
 up in other P^rts of the County. 
 
 Brimpton, the Seat of Sir Philip Sy.&n- 
 bam, Bar. whole Anceftors have lived 
 long in this Village ; as Sir John Syden- 
 ham, Knr. who died jn 1625. and Hum- 
 phrey Sidenham, his Kififman, the moft 
 eloquent Preacher of hitsTime. preached 
 
 of Huntington, who having a Promife of his Funeral Sermon on Ecclef. xii. 5. Sir 
 
 Two thoufand Marks per Ann. when he 
 was made an Earl 12 Rich. II. had a 
 Grant in fpecial Tail of this Hundred 
 and diverfe Manors in Lieu of it, being 
 a Part of the Pofleflion of James Lord 
 Audley attainted, which he after fe- 
 cured to himfelf and the Heirs of his 
 Body, by Elizabeth, his Wife, Daughter 
 of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancafter, by 
 another Grant \6 Rich. II. His Son Ri- 
 chard inherited this Hundred and his o- 
 ther Eftates ; but dying without Iflue, 
 left them to his Brother John, who was 
 created Duke of Exeter, and died feixed 
 of them 15 Hen. VI. leaving them with 
 his other Eftates to his Son Henry. The 
 principal Town of this Hundred is. 
 
 Evil, Evel, or TeoviU, a Borough-Town, 
 fituate on the River Evil, which is a 
 Branch of the Parret. It is a Market- 
 Town, and hath a good Market weekly 
 on Friday, for Corn, Cheefe, Hemp, &>c. 
 and a Fair yearly on 
 This Manor 8 Edw. IT. was the Eftate of 
 John Lord Adaltravers, who procured a 
 Licence of Free- Warren for this, his Ma- 
 nor of the fame King, Reg. 12. His Son 
 of the fame -Name, as well as himfelf, 
 were Men of- Eminency at the lame 
 
 John Sydenham, his Son, Bar. Several 
 of this .Family weie alfb High Sheriffs 
 in their Time; as John Sydenham, Efq. 
 the fifteenth Year of Queen Elizabetl's 
 
 in _ 
 
 Reign ; George Sydenbam, in the nine- 
 teenth of the fame Reign, and NitloLts 
 Sydenham, in the twenty-fevcnth. 
 
 Hertford, or Hyr.eford, the Manor of 
 Jchn Lord Maltrxvtrs, who dying with- 
 out Iflue Male, this Manor and his other 
 Eftate was divided between his two 
 Grand-daughters Joan, and Eleanor, who 
 being married to John, Son ofRicbatd 
 Earl of Arundel, had this Manor for her 
 Purparty, and carried it with other E- 
 ftates into his Family. He died poflcf- 
 fed of it 3 Rich.ll. and left it to his Son 
 John ; but this Manor being Part of his 
 Mother's Dowry, was Jn the Poflcflton 
 of Reginald Lord Cobham, by her Mar- 
 riage, for fome few Years, and then by 
 her Death returned to her Son by John 
 Fitz-ALin, Earl of Arundel, of her Huf- 
 band's Name, who at his Death iiH. VI 
 was found poflcfled of it, and left it lo 
 his Son Humphrey. 
 
 Merfie, or Marjhe, the Manor and E- 
 ftate of Nicholas S. Maur t who died pof- 
 fefled of it 3jE</w. III. leaving it to Nl- 
 
 Time; but leaving no JflueMale ; .their clolas^ his Son; but he dying in his Mi - 
 4 nority,
 
 68 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 nority f his Eftat-e pa(Ted to his Brother 
 Ri hard S. Mw, who died poflefled 
 2. Hen. IV. leaving his Eftate to Alice, his 
 only Daughter, \vho marrying to Sir 
 William le Zotiche, Kt. carried this Manor 
 with other Eftates into that Family, of 
 whom William Lord Zotiche, and S. Maur 
 died poflefled of it. 
 
 Madford, or Mcdeford, a Part of that 
 vaft Eftate, which the Conqueror gave 
 Baldwin de Brionis, or VictctHtUf, after 
 he had aflifted him in fubduing England, 
 as a Reward of his Fidelity and Courage. 
 This Manor, we fuppofe, continued in 
 his Pofterity till the Reign of King Ed- 
 ward I. when Alan Plugenet died pof- 
 fefled of it Anno 2.7. and left it to his Son 
 Alan, and his Pofterity; from whom it 
 pafl'ed to the Courtney*, Earls of "Devon, 
 in the Reigns of King Henry the IVth, 
 or Vth ; for Edward Courtney, who was 
 Earl of Devon in thole Reigns, died pof- 
 fcfled of this Manor and divers other E- 
 ftatcs 7 Hen. V. leaving them to Hugh, 
 liis Son and Heir. 
 
 Preflon, or Prejlitoae, a Manor which 
 Earl Harold, afterwards King Harold, was 
 poflcfled of among many others in di- 
 vers Counties in Edward the Confeflbr's 
 Time, as appears by the Conqueror's 
 Survey, commonly called Domefday- 
 Bcok. He was flain by the Normans, and 
 his vaft Eftate' thereby fell into the Con- 
 queror's Power, who dittributed it to 
 his Great Captains. 
 
 XXXIV. The Hundred 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 the Hundreds of Andersfeld, Bnl- 
 Jlone, and Abdick; on the South with De- 
 von foire ; on the Weft with the Hundreds 
 of Milverton, North -Curry, and Williton ; 
 and on the North with the Hundred of 
 Caningtoti. The River Thone, into which 
 divers little Rivulets empty thcmfelves 
 in this Hundred, runs thro* the Midft of 
 it, and wafties Tauntcn. The Fee of it 
 is in the Crown, and the Government 
 is under the High Sheriff. The Chief 
 Town i 
 
 Taunton, or Thonton, which fignifies 
 Thones-to<wn, or a Town on the River 
 Thone, on the Bunks of which it ftands 
 moft delicately feated. It is a large, 
 well-built Town, in Length a Mile on 
 the Road, containing two Parifhes, 
 which have each their Church. 'Tis 
 govern'd by a Mayor, Aldermen, and 
 other Corporation-Officers; and fends 
 Burgefles to Parliament. It hath two 
 good Markets weekly, on Wednefday and 
 Saturday, and Fairs yearly 
 It contains about 20000 Inhabitants, who 
 drive a great Trade in Druggets, Sha- 
 loons, Serges, &>c. Ina, Xing of the 
 Weft-Saxons built a Caftle here, which 
 Desburgia, his Wife, levelled with the 
 Ground, after fhe had driven Eadritth, 
 King of the E.ijl Saxons out of it; who 
 having got Pofleflion of it, made it a 
 Curb to the whole County, which he 
 treated as conquered by him with great 
 Severity. 
 
 In the Reign of King Ed-ward the Con- 
 feflbr, this Town gelded, (asDomefday- 
 Book relates it ) for Fifty-four Hides of 
 Land ; had Sixty-three Burghers , and 
 was held by the Bifhop of Winchejler, 
 whofe Pleadings were kept here three 
 times a Year. Thefe Cuftoms belong 
 toTaunton, Burghariftc, Robbers, Breach 
 of the Peace, Hannifare, Pence of the 
 Hundred, and St. Peter's Pence ; to hold 
 thrice a Year the Biihop's Pleadings 
 without Admonition ; and to go into the 
 Army with the Bimop's Men. [ The 
 Learned here difpute about the original 
 Words, which are render'd St. Peter's 
 Pence ; for the Text is, Denarii St. Petri 
 Clraetl, which the Learned Selden be- 
 lieves ought to be read Circfetl ; but o- 
 thers are rather of Opinion that the true 
 Reading is Circfcetti, from the Saxon 
 Word Sceat, Revenue*, or Riches, im- 
 plying that St. Peer's Pence were Church- 
 Revenues. ] Of the Manor of this 
 Town we have no Account, till the 
 Reign of King Henry VI. when we find 
 it the Eftate of William Lord Bonvile, 
 an antient Family of this County : For 
 William, the Son of Nicholas Bonvile, was 
 Knighted by King Henry III, Reg. 35.
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 809 
 
 Of him defcendcd WiUiam Lord Bon- 
 vile of Ckewton, who favouring the 
 Houfe of York, which then aimed at the 
 Crown, he was taken in the fccondBat- 
 tle of St. Allans, 38 Hen. VI. and be- 
 headed, leaving Cicely his Grand-child 
 ( Daughter of his eldeft Son William, 
 -who was (lain before at the Battle of 
 Wakefeld ) rm Heir ; Elizabeth, his Wi- 
 dow, had this^ -Manor for her Dowry, 
 but after her Deceafe it came to Cicely y 
 who marrying to John Bcurcher Lord 
 Fitz-Warine, afterwards created Earl of 
 Batb, brought this Manor into that Fa- 
 mily. 
 
 In the Tenth Year of King WiUiam 
 Hid there was an Aft of Parliament 
 parted for the making and keeping the 
 River Thone navigable from Bridgwater 
 to this Town. 
 
 The Country about this Town is beau- 
 tified with fine green Meadows, and a- 
 bounds with, delightful Gardens and Or- 
 chards, which with the Thicknefs of 
 the Villages round it do wonderfully 
 charm the Eyes of the Spe&ators, but 
 not fo much as the Hearts of the Pe- 
 fantry, who are fo highly conceited of 
 their a;ood Country (fo fruitfull with 
 the Sun and Soil ( as they lay ) that it 
 needs no Manuring) that they think 
 it a Difparagement to be born in any 
 other Place, as if none were tike it in 
 all England, nay in the whole World. 
 This Country is by the Inhabitants 
 called Taunton-Lean, and from the high 
 Conceit of this People of it, hath rilen 
 this Proverb, Where jhould I be born elfe 
 but in Taunton-Dean ? when any pride 
 themfelves in the Place of their Nati- 
 vity. 
 
 The Church here is a Vicarage, de- 
 dicated to St. Mary, of fmall Value in- 
 deed, but very remarkable for its ori- 
 ginal Endowment, which was not al- 
 lotted in a dead Salary, or a bare pe- 
 cuniary Penfion, but in ftanding Provi- 
 fions of all Accommodations for human 
 Life, as Meat, Drink, Houfe, Land, 
 Horfe, Servants, Corn, Hay, 8?r. (as it 
 is probable moft other Vicarages were, 
 fo that at all Times the Vicar fhould be 
 
 fupported in Plenty and Honour; and 
 yet there was ufually added a Penfion 
 in Money, as an Overplus, for a greater 
 Encouragement. The Endowment runs 
 thus. 
 
 Tbe Appointment cf the Vicarage of Taun- 
 ton, made Novemb. 1308. 
 
 The Vicar fliall receive every Week 
 through the Year 21 Canonical Loaves, 
 and 42 Conventual Flagons of Ale, and 
 feven Loaves of boulted Bread of the 
 fame Weight as the Canonical Loaves, 
 and 23 Loaves of fine Wheat Flower, 
 and i 5 Marks in Silyer every Year, and 
 fix Loads of Hay, and fcven 'Bufliels of 
 Oats every Week for his Horfe, and two 
 Shillings for flioing his Horfe a Year, 
 and all Legacies in his Parifli; and let 
 him have an Houfe, andOut-houfes ; 
 and as an Augmentation, two Quarters 
 of Brefd-Corn, from the Grange, or 
 Granary of the Priory. Beiides this 
 Endowment, the Vicars at any Time, 
 when they would vifit them, had Dice 
 and Lodging with their Impropriators, 
 as long as they pleafed. 
 
 The Parliament had a Garrifon in 
 this Town in the Beginning of the Ci- 
 vil Wars, which the King's Friends, af- 
 ter the Advantage* they had gained ac 
 LaunceJ}on in Cornwall, befieged and took 
 without any Oppofition : For as foon as 
 the King's Army appeared, the Parlia- 
 ment-Soldiers left the Town, and fled 
 to Eridgwater. The. Government of ic 
 was given by Prince Maurice, and the 
 Marquefs of Hartford to Sir Joltn Stawel t 
 and they ftay'd with the Army feven or 
 eight Days about this Town, to fettlo 
 the Garrifon with thofe of Lime and 
 Dunfter : But the Army ufed fuch Li- 
 berry, as caufed much Diflatisfrt&ion. 
 But the King kept not this Garrifon, 
 nor I ime long; for the next Year they 
 came inro the Parliament's Hands, and 
 much infefted the Country thereabouts 
 as far as Exeter, with their continual In- 
 curiions. The King being acquainted 
 with it, ordered Sir J-ohn Berkeley, Go- 
 vernor of Exeter, to reftrain them for 
 Kkkkk the
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 810 
 
 the prefent, and afterwards the Prince 
 ordered the Lord Goring with Sir Ri- 
 chard Greenwitt to reduce if. The Lord 
 Goring in a fuHen Mood rcfufed to obey, 
 and went to Bath, and the Party fent 
 toTaunton, was put under the Command 
 of Sir Jojeph Wagftaff; and fo Taunton 
 was befieged. Goring in the mean Time 
 liad brought about his Defign, to be 
 made Governor of the Weftern Parts of 
 England, and was thereupon fent to 
 Taunton, which Fairfax had juft before 
 relieved ; but Goring coming opportune- 
 ly, fell upon Fairfax's Men, and routed 
 them, not doubting but that in a little 
 Time he fhould gam the Town, though 
 it was plain he never minded to do ir. 
 In this Town there is a well-endowed 
 Grammar-School , which is now in a 
 very flouriming Condition, under the 
 Dircflion of the Learned Mr. James 
 "Upton, the prefent Mafter. 
 
 Cheddcn, the Eftate and Lord/hip of 
 the Family of Fitz-Pain, of which Ro- 
 iort Lord Fttz-Pain dying poflcflcd, left 
 it to his Daughter and Heir ffabel, then 
 married to Richard Lord Paining*. She 
 held it after her Husband's Deceafe 
 yith other Eftates of her Inheritance, 
 and left it 17 Rich. II. to her Son Robert 
 Lord Poinings, who died feixed of it 
 25 Hew. VI. and having no Iffue, left 
 this Manor and all other Eftates to his 
 Grand-daughter Eleanor, married to Sir 
 Henry "Percy Kt. afterwards Earl of Nor- 
 thumberland, in whole Right he enjoy 'd 
 them. 
 
 Combifauree, the Seat of John Francis, 
 Efq; who was High Sheriff of this Coun- 
 ty 3 7 EI;Z> 
 
 Cothurflon, or Cotholjlon, the Seat of 
 one of the Branches of the Family of 
 Stawel, which is of great Antiquity in 
 this County ; fome of whom ferved in 
 Parliament for their County, and in- 
 termarried with feveral of the Nobility. 
 The Lord Statvel mentioned in Somerton, 
 defcendcd from this Branch of that Fa- 
 mily, tho' the Sta<we!s of Statuel were 
 many of them Perfons of good Note. 
 They had a Seat here, but it was 
 
 brought to an Heap of Ruins in the 
 late Civil Wars. 
 
 Gablington, or Gevelton, the Lordfhip 
 ot William, Earl of Ewe, in the Time 
 of the General Survey, called Domefday- 
 Book. His Pofterity continued till King 
 Henry Ill's Reign. 
 
 IM-Briwere, the Lordfliip of John Lord 
 Mohun, who died poflefled of it 7 Ed. I. 
 leaving it and his other Eftates to his 
 Son and Heir John (called John the Se- 
 cond ) Lord Mohun. 
 
 Lawrence Liddiard, the native Place 
 of Dr. Thomas Manton, who having ta- 
 ken his Decrees at Oxford, became Mi- 
 nifter of Cuttiton in Devonshire, afterwards 
 of Nevuington in Middkfex, and at length 
 of St. Paul's Church C event-Garden. He 
 was ordained in 1660. at Wejlminjler, by 
 Thomas, Bifhop of Galloway , and contri- 
 buted fo much towards King Charles II. 
 Reftoration, that he was fworn one of 
 his Majefty's Chaplains in Ordinary, 
 created Doftor of Divinity by his Ma- 
 jefty's Letters, and a good Deanery de- 
 iigned for him, fuppofing that he would 
 have conformed, as Dr. Reynolds did. He 
 was one of the Commiflioners at the^- 
 voy Conference, and earneftly endea- 
 vour'd to get his Majefty's Declaration 
 for Ecclefiaftical Affairs pafled into a 
 Law ; but failing in that, he refufed to 
 conform, and left his Living, and loft 
 his Deanery ; yet kept up a Diflenting 
 Meeting, in or ne&rCovent-Garden, tohls 
 Death. Dr. Bates gives him this Chara- 
 ter in his Sermon preached at his In- 
 terment, viz> That he was of a clear 
 Judgment, rich Fancy, ftrong Memory, 
 and happy Elocution, much improved 
 by diligent Study. He hath many Ser- 
 mons and Expontions in Print, and dy- 
 ing Off. 1 8. 1677. was buried in Newing- 
 ton Church. 
 
 In the Year 1666. two large earthen 
 Pitchers full of Medals, in Weight 80 
 Pounds each, were digged up by La- 
 bourers with Mattocks in ploughed 
 Fields, the one at Lawrence Lydiard t and 
 the other within the Parifli of Stognm- 
 ber (or Sttke-Gcmer) adjoining to it; 
 
 upon
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Upon which a certain Antiquary makes 
 this Observation : That the Romans Af- 
 ter their Conqueft of the other Parrs of 
 "Britain came in the laft Place to the 
 Cangi in Somerfet ', and having conquered 
 them in the Valley between Taunton and 
 Watyelt at > or near the Place now called 
 Cotiyuejl, ftill continued a Legion, or 
 Part of one at leaft hereabouts, which 
 they paid with fuch Money as was 
 found in the above-m" ' med Pitchers, 
 to prevent any InfurreQiions by Land, 
 or Invafions by Sea ; and when thcfe 
 Forces were called home to relieve the 
 Empire, diftrefled by the Irruptions of 
 the Northern Nations, they buried thefe 
 Treafures, which he calls 
 
 Claudius C*far's, and the Old Roman Em- 
 perors Treafure, found near Conqueft. 
 
 Mr. Gooden was Retor and Patron of 
 this Church, worth z or 500 a Year, in 
 the Times of the Civil Wars, and was 
 a great Sufferer in it. He wasaflaultcd 
 in the Church, while he was preaching, 
 and dragged out of his Pulpit. The 
 Fifths ofhis Living, had they been paid 
 him, being 50 or 60 / would have been 
 fome fmall Subfiftence to his Family ; 
 but when he demanded them, the Wife 
 of his Succeflbr told him, There was no- 
 thing due to him, but if he would go 
 into the Barn, and threfli, he fhould be 
 paid what he earned. And fo getting 
 nothing, he was forced to fell the Ad- 
 vowfbn of the Living to Sir . . Pertman, 
 for what he could get, which was about 
 100 /. to keep himfelf and Family 
 from Starving. 'Tis thought this bar- 
 barous Ufage haften'd his Death. 
 
 Orchard, the Manor and Eftate of the 
 Family of Orchards, who took their 
 Name from it. From them it defcended 
 by Inheritance to the Portmans, Kts. ; 
 but that Family being extinft in the late 
 Sir William Ptrtman, Kt. he left it to the 
 Seymours, his Cofin-Germans by the Mo- 
 ther's Side, who now enjoy it, and have 
 their Refidence here, having taken the 
 Name of Portman. From the Portmans 
 
 SlI 
 
 this Town took the Name of Portman- 
 Orckard. 
 
 Sir Join Portman, Kt. Lord Chief J- 
 ftice of the King's Bench, in the Reign 
 of Queen Mary I. was defcended of this 
 Family, when hisFatherby the Heirefs 
 of the Orchards fettled here, and was the 
 firft Heir of their Eftate. He continued 
 but two Years in his Place before he 
 died in it, He left a great Eftare to his 
 Family, one of whom was lately a Ba- 
 ronet: Henry Portman alfo of this Place 
 was High Sheriff of this County n Eliz> 
 and Sir J-dkn Windham, Kr. who had his 
 Refidence here, bore the lame Office 
 ad of King fames I. 
 
 Pixton, a Village, whofe Manor be- 
 longing to the Lord Eonv'tle, came to Ci- 
 cely, his only Daughter and Heir, and ib 
 pafled as in Taunton, and other Places. 
 
 Staflegrcve is remarkable for nothing 
 but the Difappropriation of the Parfo- 
 nagc which in theReign of Queen Ma- 
 ry I. was united with the Vicarage, and 
 made Prefentative for ever by the joint 
 Confent of the Patron, Queen, and Or- 
 dinary. Inftances of fuch Difappro- 
 priations are common in the Bifhop's 
 Rcgifters before the Reformation, but 
 not fo fince. 
 
 XXXV. The Hundred of W E 1 1 o w. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundred of Batbform and IVilt- 
 fojre ', on the South with the Hundreds 
 of Froom and Kilmerfden ', on the Weft 
 wirh the Hundreds of Chewton and Keinf- 
 ham_', and on the North with the River 
 Avon, which parts it from the Hundred 
 of Bathform. The Fee of this Hundred 
 is in the Crown, and in the jurifdich'on 
 of the Sheriff. The Chief Town in this 
 Hundred is 
 
 WeUow, from which the Hundred 
 takes its Name. In antient Writings it 
 is called Weleive. The Manor was the 
 Eftate of Bartholomew Lord Bergberjb, 
 1 6 Edw. III. when that Lord having at- 
 tended the King in his Wars in Britan- 
 r.y, obtained a Charter for free Warren 
 Kkkkk i U
 
 SJ2 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 in all his Dcmefne Lands here and in 
 other Place* in this County, and others; 
 and having been fummoned to Parlia- 
 ment from the firft to the twenty -eighth 
 Year of that King, died poflefled of it 
 the next Year, leaving this Manor with 
 other Eftates to Bartholomew his eldelt 
 Son and Heir, which at length defcend- 
 cd to Elizabeth, his Daughter and Heir, 
 v.ho married to Edward Lord Spemer. 
 She furvived the laid Lord Spencer, and 
 fold this and fome other Eftates to Ro- 
 bert Lord Hungcrford, 6 Rich. II. He died 
 poflefled of it 22 Rich. II. having before 
 obtained a Licenfe for Free-Warren for 
 it, and lefc it to his Son Walter ; but his 
 Mother Joan furviving, flie had thisMa- 
 nor afligned to her for her Dowry, fo 
 that he came not into Pofleffion of, till 
 13 Hen. IV. His Family enjoy *d it di- 
 vers Succeflions, till Iflue Male failing, 
 Mary the Daughter and Heir of Thomas 
 Lord Hungerford carried it into the Fa- 
 mily of Edward Lord Hajllngs by Mar- 
 riage, &*c. Here is a Fair yearly on 
 St.DnnJlan's Day, May 19. 
 
 In this Manor of WeJlow was difco- 
 ver'd in the Year 1685. a Roman che- 
 qucr'd Pavement under Ground, as 
 fome were digging, with white, and 
 blue, and red Colours. 
 
 Cammerton, or Camelerton, the Manor 
 and Eftate of William Lord Botreux, 
 57 Hen. VI. when he gave to the Prior 
 and Convent of Bath his Manor of Te- 
 velton in this County, with certain Lands 
 in this Place, to the End that they 
 fhould caufe a Mafs to be celebrated 
 daily for the King, Queen, Prince, him- 
 felf, and his Wife, for their good Eftate 
 "here in this Life, and for the Health of 
 their Souls after their Death : And three 
 Days before Eaftcr (when Mafs mail not 
 be laid) there lhall be a 1 iltribution of 
 Six pence to the Poor of Bath, in Bread, 
 fo that none have lefs than the Value of 
 a Farthing. He died ^ Edw. IV. lea- 
 ving Margaret, his only Daughter and 
 Heir, married to Sir Rchcrt Hungerford, 
 Knt. the eldeft Son of Sir Walter. 
 
 , or Corfecemb the Lordfhip of 
 Lord $' Mai:r } 5 5 Erf. Ill, when 
 
 he died poflefled of it, and left it to 
 his Son Nicholas ; who dying in his Mi- 
 nority, his Brother Richard Succeeded in 
 his Inheritance, of which this Manor 
 was a Part. 
 
 Farley, or Farleigh, the Manor and E- 
 ftatc of Bartholomew Lord Bergherjb, 
 \6Edw. III. when that Lord abiained a 
 Charter of Free- Warren for all his De- 
 mefne Lands here. HisGrr.nd-daughter, 
 who was the fole Heir of his Son Bar- 
 tholomew, fold it with other Eftates ro 
 Robert Lord Hungerford, who being an 
 Adherent to the Family of Lancafler, 
 was attainted by Parliament, when King 
 Ed-ward IV. was fettled on the Throne, 
 and his Lands being confifcated, this 
 Manor with other Parts of his Eftate's 
 was given to Richard, Duke of Gloucejler 
 his Brother, 2 Edw. II. In that Duke s 
 Hands it remained, till he mounted the 
 Throne, when in Confidcration of his 
 conftant Adherence to the Family of 
 York, during the whole Time of King 
 Edward IV. his Brother's Reign, the 
 faid King Richard (the Third of that 
 Name) to retain him ftill firm to his 
 Intcrefts, made John Lord Howard Earl 
 Marfhal of England, and Duke of Nor- 
 folk', which great Honours, that he 
 might maintain with a fuitable Gran- 
 deur and Equipage, he granted him in 
 fpecial Tail, with many other large E- 
 ftates, the Caftle, Lordmip and Manor 
 of Farleigh in this County. The Caftle 
 ftood upon an Hill, but is now quite 
 demolifh'd. If was, while it ftood, the 
 Seat of the Hungerfords, and in the Cha- 
 pel they had a Burial-Place, in which 
 Thomas Lord Hungerford was buried Anno 
 1398. Humphrey de Bohan the zd being 
 a great Admirer of the Cluniack Monks, 
 gave the Church of this Place to the 
 Abbey of Lewes in Suffix, as a Cell. 
 This Town at prefcnt goes by the Name 
 of Farley Caftle to diftinguifll it from 
 
 Farley-Hungerford, another Manor of 
 the Hurgerford Family, in the Parifh- 
 Church whereof Joanna, the Widow of 
 Walter Hungerford, bequeathed her Body 
 to be buried in the Chapel of St. Ame % 
 appointing that after her Deceafe, with 
 
 all
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 8.3 
 
 all poflible Speed, her Executors fhould 
 caufe Three thoufand Mafles ro be ce- 
 lebrated for her Soul, and the Souls of 
 all the Faithful departed ; and on the 
 Day of her Funeral Twelve poor Wo- 
 men cloathed in Ruflct with Linen 
 Hoods, and Stockings and Shoes fuituble, 
 ihould hold 
 
 The Chief Place in 
 
 12 Torches burning about 
 her Body. And 
 
 i which was alfo the 
 Eftate of the Huvgerfords, cf whom Sir 
 Thomas Hungerford having fortified his 
 Houfe here without a Licenfc, was forced 
 to beg Pardon for his Ib doing, which 
 having obtained, he procured a Charter 
 for a Free-Warren for the faid Manor. 
 He departed this Life 22 R\h.U. lea- 
 ving Thomas Lord Hun^erford his Heir; 
 but Joan his Wife furviving him, had 
 this Manor afligned her for her Dowry, 
 which me held till 15 Hen- IV. wh^n by 
 her Death it came to her Son and Heir 
 Thoma;. 
 
 Itiglefomke, or Inglefloitc, the Manor 
 and Eilate of Sir J-dhn Tiptoft, of which 
 he died poflefled 21 Hew. VI. leaving 
 John his Son and Heir. 
 
 Newton St. Loe, one of thole Manors 
 which are fet down in the Schedule of 
 the great Eftate of the Lady Mary Hun- 
 gerjord, valued at 297. 13.1. $d- who be- 
 ing the Heir of that Family, and mar- 
 rying Edward Lord Hajlings, carried her 
 vaft Eftate into that Family. 
 
 Ttvivericn, \vhofe Parfonage was the 
 Eftate of the Priory of Minckinbaroiv, 
 but falling into the King's Hands by the 
 Diflblution, was exchanged by King 
 Edward VI. with Sir Tbo Hineage for o- 
 ther Eftates. 
 
 XXXVI. The Hundred of WELLS, 
 WELFORD. 
 
 or 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 by the Hundreds of Cbewtw and Kilmerf- 
 den; on the South by Ac Hundreds of 
 Glafton and Wkijlon; on t!ie Weft by the 
 Hundreds of Bembflon and PVinterfake ; 
 and on the North by the Hundred of 
 Bedminjler. The Fee of it is in the 
 Crown, and under the Government of 
 
 the High Sheriff, 
 it is the City of 
 
 Welli, which Lelnr.d tells us that it was 
 formerly called Thecdorodunum ', others 
 fay, it was called Belgs ; and Bp. G*d- 
 win, from a Charter of Edward the Con- 
 feflbr's, Tidintotr, and in Latin, Fonta- 
 netijis E-ckJta. The Name of it now is 
 Welh, fo called from the Wells that 
 fpring up in all Parts of it. It may 
 juftly challenge the Pre-eminence of 
 moft Towns of this County, for Popu- 
 loufnefs and Srateiincfs of Buildings, be- 
 ing all well contrived and built of Stone. 
 It fends Burgefles to Parliament, and 
 is governed by a Mayor, Recorder, fc- 
 ven Aldermen, and Sixteen Gown-Men, 
 having two Markets weekly on Wectnef- 
 dxy and Saturday, and four Fairs, 
 
 It has le- 
 
 vcral graceful Buildings, both publick 
 and private; as the Bifhop's Palace, 
 which towards the South looks like a 
 Caftlc, as it is fortify 'd with a Wall and 
 a Ditch ; and the Prebendaries aad 
 Dean's Houfes on the other Side are 
 very neat. In the Way from the Pa- 
 lace to the Market, Thomas Eekington, 
 Bifhop of this See, built a very beauti- 
 ful Gate, and Twelve ftately Stone 
 Houles of the lame Height hard by in 
 the Market-Place. In the Middle where- 
 of is a Market-houfe, fupportcd by fe- 
 ven outer Pillars, and a curious Arch, 
 built by Bifiiop William Knights, and 
 Dean Woolman. It is commonly called 
 TJje Crofs. Befidcs this there hath been, 
 built a fair Market-houfe of late Years 
 between the faid Crofs and the Gate 
 which leads to the Palace. All thefe 
 are in the Eaft Part of the Town. 
 
 It hath- a Church, and a College built 
 by King In.t, to the Honour of St. Ar.- 
 drew t which was prefently endowed by 
 fcveral great Men with large Revenues. 
 Among the Reft, King Kinewutyb gave 
 to it a great many neighbouring Places 
 in the ^ Year 766. His Charter runs 
 thus ; I Kinewulph, King of the Weft- 
 Saxons, for the Love of God, and (which 
 fliall not be here particularly mentioned) 
 fome Vexations of our Cornijl) Enemies, 
 
 do
 
 814 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 by the Con fen t of my Bifliops and thing, and is found guilty, is thus pn- 
 
 ' 
 
 Nobleman, humbly make over by Gift, 
 n certain Parcel of Ground to the Apo- 
 ille and Servant of God St. Andrew, i. e. 
 Eleven Manfions near the River called 
 Welwe, towards the Increaie of the Mo- 
 naftery, fun ate near the great Foun- 
 tain, called Wielee. This Grant we here 
 let down both on the Account of its 
 Ajitiquity, and becaufe fome are of O- 
 pinion, that the Place took its Name 
 from the River. The Church is indeed 
 exceeding beautiful, and nothing can 
 be finer than itsFrontifpiece towards the 
 Welt, which is one entire Pile of Sta- 
 tues, curioufly wrought out of Frec- 
 ftone, and of great Antiquity : In the 
 Weft Part of the City is a Parifli- 
 Church, dedicated to St. Cuthbert, and 
 near it an Hofpital, built by Nicholas 
 Bukwith, Bifhop of this See. for Twenty- 
 four poor People, with fuitable Reve- 
 nues jfor their Maintenance. 
 
 T\\e Mendip-HiKs encompafs this City 
 around on the Eaft and North Sides, 
 and from thence run a great Way to- 
 v-'ards Erlftcl in Length and Breadth. 
 They are very remarkable, being called 
 in old Records Munedxpp, or rather 
 Moinedopp, from the many Knolls there 
 are vifible, and the Steepnels of their 
 Afcents. Leland calls them JMinerary 
 H///J, or as others, Mineragia, from the 
 Richnefs of the Leaden Mines found in 
 them ; the Oar of which being digged 
 in great Abundance, and afterwards 
 melted down intoPiggs and Sows, as the 
 Miners call them, the Lead is con- 
 veyed to BriJ}ol, and from thence it is 
 tranfported to nany other Places: In 
 thefe Mines it is free for any ?///!; 
 Man to work, except he hath forfeited 
 his Right by ftcaling any of the Oar, 
 or Workmens Tools. In this Cafe the 
 Law and Cuftom of the Miners is worth 
 Obfervation. The Groviers (for fo they 
 call the Miners here, as they call the 
 Pits, Groves) living at fome Diftance, 
 ufually leave their Tools, and the Oar 
 they have got, often open upon the 
 Hills, or at moft only fhut up in a flight 
 .Hutt. Whoever among them fteals any 
 
 nifh'd : He is fhut up in one of their 
 Hutts ; and dry Fern, Furzes, and fome 
 other combuftible Matter being fet round 
 it, is fet on Fire. When it is on Fire, 
 the Criminal, who has his Hands and 
 Feet at Liberty, is allowed with them 
 (if he can) to break down the Hutt, 
 and having made himfelf a Paflage, get 
 free, and be gone ; but he muft never 
 more come to work among them, nor 
 ever have any more to do about the 
 Hills. This they call The Burning of tke 
 Hill. Upon thefe Hills the King had a 
 Fore ft, of which the Family of Morti- 
 mer, Earls of March, had the Bailiwick, 
 or Cuftody, 34 Ed. III. and 3 Hen. VI. 
 
 Ochy-Hde, or Wckey-Hole, as fome call 
 it, one of the moft admirable Pieces of. 
 Nature's VVorkmanfhip, by the Suffrage 
 of all Travellers, is among thefe Hills. 
 It hath its Name, fay fome of our An- 
 tiquaries, without Doubt from Ogo, a 
 Britijh Word, fignify ing a Cave ; or 
 from the Saxon Word poc which figni- 
 fies crooked, or creeky. It is a dark, 
 difmal Cave, into which the Curious en- 
 ter with their Guides, by a Door fo nar- 
 row as they are forced to crowd thro' 
 it, and the Defcription they give of it, 
 is this. It is parted intofeveral Rooms, 
 as a Kitchen, an Hall, a Dancing-room, 
 a Cellar, &c. in which there are ftrange 
 Rcfcmblances of Creatures, and Things 
 artificial in the natural Rock ; as of a 
 Man's Head, a Tomb-ftone, a Dog ; the 
 Rock in which they are incorporated, 
 Part of it gliftering like Silver, and 
 Part like Diamonds, and both appear- 
 ing very pleafant to the Eye; a Bell, a 
 Guile-fat, an hollow Ciftern, always 
 full of Water, but never running over, 
 tho' receiving every Moment frcfh Sup- 
 plies by the Drops which trickle from 
 the Top of the Rock ; the Statue of a 
 Woman, which they call the Old Witch, 
 of a white Stone, like Alabafter; an- 
 other Ciftern, almoft fix Foot fquare, 
 and of a considerable Depth, always 
 brim full of Water, yet never runs 
 over, tho' the Water continually drops 
 into it from above, becaufe it grows 
 
 big-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 815 
 
 bigger thro' the petrifying Nature of 
 the Water ; a Rivuler, which with a 
 pretty loudNoife glides thro' the Cave ; 
 Flitches of Bacon, four together ; a 
 Woman big with Child ; Organ-pipes, 
 very like thofe in our Churches ; chc- 
 quer'd Configurations of various Co- 
 lours, gliltcring like Silver and pre- 
 cious Stones, with a fine, even, fandy 
 Floor ; a melodious Eccho ; the Like- 
 nefs of a Chimney ; a Stone Table; an 
 huge, mafly Stone, called The Great 
 Gun, which being: taken up, and let 
 fall to the Ground, will make a Noife 
 as loud as a Canon; Water inceflantly 
 dropping from the Top of the Rock, 
 congealed into a glafly Subftance, like 
 Icicles, and as clear as Cryftal at firft, 
 but at length turned into Rock itfelf, 
 found not iu fmall Pieces, but in fuch 
 great Quanties as would load many 
 Carts ; and a Rivulet, which runsfome- 
 times with a fmall, and fometimes in a 
 larger Current, and having got out of 
 the Cave, fets 3 Mills on Work, as 
 the People fay. This City hath long 
 been, and ftill is an Epifcopal See, of 
 which we fhall give an Account in our 
 Ecclefiaftical Hiftory, with the Names 
 of theBifliops that have fate in it to this 
 Time. 
 
 Eafton, the Lordlhip of Lionel, Duke 
 of Clarence, who died poflefled of it (poi- 
 fon'd, as was fuppofed, in half) 42 Ed. III. 
 leaving Iflue his only Daughter and Heir 
 Philippa, married at proper Years to Ed- 
 mund Mortimer, the third Earl of March 
 of that great Family, from whom the 
 Tork Family, by marrying Anne Morti- 
 mer, the Female Heir, derived their Ti- 
 tle ro the Crown. 
 
 Weftbury, a Village, in which Wittiam 
 Cannings, the famous Mayor of Eriftol 
 built a College ; and after he had born 
 that OlBce five times, took Orders, and 
 retiring from all worldly Bufinefs, be- 
 came the Dean of his own College. He 
 wus buried in the Church of St. Mary 
 Ratdiff, at Eriftol, and hath there two 
 honorary Statues fet up for him, one in 
 the Habit of a Magiftrate, and the other 
 of a Clergy-man) as he was at his Death. 
 
 Wejlcomb, or Wid.omi>, the Manor and 
 Eftate of John Lord Tiptoft, of which he 
 died pofleflcd 21 Hen. VI. and left it with 
 his other Eftates to his Son and Heir John, 
 who was 27 Hen. VI. created Marquefs 
 of Worcefttr. He was Lord Deputy of 
 Ireland, and Juftice of North-Wales. 
 
 Wookey, a fmall Village, of no Note 
 but for the Birth of Dr. Tl?omas Godwin, 
 who being educated in Magdalen Col- 
 lege, Oxford, became very eminent for 
 his Knowledge in the Latin, Greek, and 
 Hebrew Tongues ; and being made Ma- 
 fter of Arts, was chofen Head-Mafterof 
 Abington School in Berkfiire, where he 
 brought up many Men, who afterwards 
 were^ eminent both in Church and State. 
 He was made Do&or of Divinity in 
 1636". And being much worn out with 
 the Drudgery of a School, had the Re- 
 Story of BrightweU near Waliinpford in 
 Berkjhire conferred on him ; which he 
 kept to his dying Day. He hath written 
 thefe Books, which have been of great 
 Ufe to Pofterity ; viz* An Expofition of 
 the Roman Antiquities, Ox/. 1613. A Sy- 
 nopfis of the Hebrew Antiquities, for the 
 Explication of the New Teftanmnt, Ox- 
 ford, 1616. Mofes and Aaron, the Civil 
 and Ecclefiartical Rites of the Hebrew ; 
 printed in 1625. and fome other Things. 
 He was a very grave and learned Man, 
 and a Grace to his Profeflion. He died 
 atBrightwel, and was buried in the Chan- 
 cel there ; and over his Grave his Wife 
 laid a Marble Stone. 
 
 XXXVII, The Hundred of WHIS TON. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on theEaft 
 with the Hundreds of Wells and "Bruton; 
 on the South with the Hundred ofCattef- 
 hajh; on the Welt with the Hundred of 
 Glajton ; and on the North with the 
 Hundred of Wells aforefaid. The Fee 
 of the Hundred is in the Crown, and 
 under the Government of the High She- 
 riff. The chief Town in this Hundred 
 is 
 
 Shifton- Mallet, a Market- Town, whofb 
 Market is wepkly on Friday^ and Fair 
 yearly on This 
 
 Manor
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Manor of Shlptw having been for many 
 Succcflions in the PofleflTion of the Fa- 
 mily of Malet, took the Addition of 
 Sktyton-Malef, as did alfo Cttrry-Malet, 
 from them. William Malet in the Reign 
 of King Henry I. held two Knights Fees 
 in this Town of the Abbot of Glajlenbury. 
 In this Family it continued till another 
 William Malet dying without IffueMale, 
 his two Daughters and Heirs, Mabel mar- 
 ried to Hugh de Vivian, or Vivon, and 
 Helenife, married to Robert de Mufcegros, 
 inherited his Eftate. This Manor upon 
 the Partition fell to be Mabel's Part, 
 and after fome Time pafled in Marriage 
 by Cicely, Daughter and Coheir to 
 Maud ds Kyme, and Cofin and one of 
 the Heirs of John de Vivon, to John de 
 Beauchamp of Hacihe. She furvived her 
 Husband, and was a great Improver of 
 her Husband's Eftate for her Son John, 
 then a Minor : For fhe n Ed<w. II. ob- 
 tained that King's Charter for a Mar- 
 ket every Week upon Monday, at her 
 Manor of Sheptnn- Malet, and a Fair 
 yearly upon the Eve, Day, and Morrow 
 after the Feaft of St. Barnabas the Apo- 
 ftle. After her Death, which happened 
 14 Edw. II. this Manor with her other 
 Eftates went to her Son and Heir John, 
 who foon after did his Homage to the 
 Abbot of Glajlenbury for one Knight's 
 Fee in this Parifh. He died poflefled of 
 this Manor 1 7 Edit?. III. leaving his Son 
 and Heir John de Beauchamp, who lea- 
 ving no Iflue, Cicely and Eleanor his two 
 Sifters were his Heirs. The Manor be- 
 came the Purparty of Cicely, who was 
 married to one Mr. Turberull. But that 
 Family not being noble, we find no 
 more of this Manor, till the Reign of 
 King Henry VI. when we find one Moie- 
 ty of it in the Pofleflion of Sir John Tip- 
 toft, Knt. whofe Son John was afterwards 
 created Earl of Worcefir, and in the 
 fame Reign the whole Lord/hip to be 
 the Eftate of Thomas Lord De la Ware, 
 in whofe Pofteritjr it continued, but how 
 long, we know not. 
 
 There arc many Villages in this Hun- 
 we have no Information of 
 
 XXXVIII. The Hundred of WHITLEIGH. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded ontheEaft 
 with the Hundred of Glafton; on the 
 South with the Hundred of Somerton ; on 
 the Weft with the Hundred of Nortb- 
 Petherton ', and on the North with the 
 Hundred of Bempflon. The Fee of this 
 Hundred is in the King, and the Go- 
 vernment of it under the JurifdiSion of 
 the High Sheriff. There is no Market- 
 Town in this Hundred ; the Villages of 
 any Note are 
 
 Ajhton, where Sir Hugh Smith, Knt. 
 who was High Sheriff of this County in 
 the ninth Year of King James I. had 
 his Seat. 
 
 Compton-Dundo, or, as we find it in our 
 Hiftories, Compton jxxta Dundene : This 
 Manor was the hereditary Eftate of Ci- 
 cely, the Daughter and Coheir of Maud 
 de Kyme, and Cofin and one of theHeirs 
 of John de Vivon. She in i 7 Edw. II. ob- 
 tained that King's Charter for a weekly 
 Market upon Thurfday at this her Ma- 
 nor of Compton near Dundene, and a Fair 
 yearly on the Eve, Day and Morrow 
 afrer the Feaft of St. Mary Magdalene. 
 She being married to John BsAuchampe of 
 Haccbe, left this and her other Eftates 
 to her Son John de Beauchamp, and his 
 Pofterity. We find in our Records a 
 Manor in this County, called Compton- 
 Daune, which was the Eftate of the 
 Lord s JB#w# ; and by Maud Burnett the 
 Heir of that Family, tranflated into the 
 Family of Sir John Handloe by Marriage, 
 who in her Right became Lord Burnell ; 
 which we fuppofe muft be this Manor 
 of Compton - Dundo, ( Corruptions and 
 Changes of Names being fo common in 
 our Records ) bccaufe in g&r~Vtffare*s 
 we can difcover no other -Name in this 
 County that cornes near it. 
 
 CuJJington, or Cojfington, a Village of 
 no Note but for being the Eftate and 
 Seat of the Lord Thomas Pawlet, fecond 
 Son of William Pawlet, Marqucfs of 
 Wtnchejtfr, by Elizabeth, Daughter of Sir 
 William Capelj Kt. Lord Mayor of Lcn* 
 fan in 1 509. He married Mary, the 
 
 Daugh-
 
 SO M E R S E T S H I RE. 
 
 817 
 
 Daughter and Coheir of Thomas Moor of 
 Melpejb in the County of Dorfet, Efq, 
 
 Dur.dene, the Manor and Eftate of the 
 Malets; for William Malet held Ten 
 Knights I ecs of the Abbot of Glajlen- 
 bury, in this his Manor of Dundene. The 
 Family of Malets failing, the female 
 Heir Mabel, by her Marriage, tranfla- 
 tcd this Manor with other Eftates de- 
 fcendcd to her from her Anccilors, ro 
 the Family of Vivon or Vivien, whofe fe- 
 male Coheir, in the fame Manor, car- 
 ried it into the Family of the Beau- 
 champs of Haccbe. Her Son and Heir 
 J-ohn deBeatt.bampe inherited this Manor 
 after her Death, and left it to his Son; 
 but his Widow, Margaret, furviving 
 him, (he had this Manor, and other E- 
 ftates afligned to her for her Dowry, 
 which after her Deccafe returned to 
 her Son and Heir John de Beaucbamp 
 and his Heirs. 
 
 Ditnheved or Downbead, the Manor and 
 Eftate of John Tit bet Lord Andlty, to 
 whom it came by Marriage or Pure ha fe 
 from the Family of Brians; for Sir Wil- 
 liam Brian, Knt. dying feifed of this 
 Manor, and fome others, without Iflue, 
 his Eftate was divided between his Cou- 
 fins and next Heirs, Pbilippa and Eliza- 
 beth', to the laft of whom, the Wife of 
 Robert Level, this Manor fell, upon the 
 Divifion. The Family of Aitdleys, who 
 by the Marriage of the Heir General 
 of the Tuckets, became poflefled of this 
 Eftate, and many others, were attaint- 
 ed in King Edward IV. 's Rei^n, and 
 their Eftate, of which this Manor was a 
 Part, given to George Duke of Clarence, 
 that King's Brother ; who being drown- 
 ed in a Butt of Malm fey for treaforiable 
 Practices againft his Brother, his Eftate 
 was confifcated, and this Manor with 
 the reft feifed by the King, after which 
 we fee nothing of it. 
 
 Edington, a fmall Village, where about 
 Fifty Years fincc were found fcveral 
 Hundreds of Moulds of fine Clay for 
 Coining, and near them a Floor of Che- 
 quer-work. 
 
 Haltcn, the Manor and Eftate of Ro- 
 ger de Molit t or Moels t i $ Edw. I. who 
 
 died pofleflcd of it that Year, and left 
 it to his Son Join de Moels, his Heir. 
 His Pofterity enjoyed ic a few Succeflions, 
 and at length another John, who died 
 1 1 Edw. III. without Heirs Male, leaving 
 his Two Daughters, Muriel and lfabel t 
 his Heirs. Muriel, who had married Sir 
 Thomas Courtney, Knt. had for her Pur- 
 party certain Lands in this Town, but 
 the Manor was allotted to Ifabel, who 
 married William Lord Botreaux ; for his 
 Defcendant Margaret marrying Sir Ro- 
 bert Hungerfcrd, Knt. carried this Ma- 
 nor, and divers other Eftates of her In- 
 heritance, into his Family. Robert and 
 Thomas Lords Hungerford enjoyed them, 
 but Thomas endeavouring to reftore King 
 Henry VI. to his Throne, 3 Edw. IV. 
 was condemned, and fuffered Death for 
 Treafon, and his Eftate confifcated. He 
 left a Daughter Mary, who ftiled herfelf 
 Lady Hungerford, Eotrea.ix, &c. and living 
 till K. Henry VII. attained to the Crown, 
 procured the Revcrfion of her Father's 
 Attainder,and theReftitution of hisLands 
 and Honours, whereby flie became one 
 of the greateft Heirefles that hath been 
 known in England, as appears from the 
 Schedule of her Eftates above fet down. 
 This Manor is therein valued at r i /. 
 1 s. zd. flie married Edward Lord Ha- 
 flings, and much enriched his Family. 
 
 Yittt, the Dcmcfne of Fulk Bourcbier 
 Lord Fitzwarine, who died feifed of it 
 9 Ediv. IV. and left it to his Son and 
 Heir JohnB.:trchier Lord Titz&arine, af- 
 terwards Earl of Bath. 
 
 SeJgemore, a fmall Village lying at a 
 little Diftance from the River ?.;/<* 
 Northward. Here the Forces of King 
 fames II. engaged and defeated the 
 Duke of Monmoutb, and his Party in the 
 Year 1685, an d with the Lofs of eigh- 
 teen Men only on the King's Side, put 
 a timely End to an InftirreHon, which 
 might otherwise have produced a long 
 Civil War. 
 
 In the tenth Year of the Reign of 
 King William III. it was provided by a 
 Statute then made, that the antient \\a- 
 ter-courfcs of this Moor fliould be open- 
 ed, and new Ones made, that thereby 
 L 1 1 1 1 it
 
 i8 
 
 SO M'E R S E f S If IRE. 
 
 ir might be rendred more healthful and 
 profitable to the Inhabitants. 
 
 Skapwhk, Sioketvick, or Sbokerzvick, 
 the Manor and Eftate of Sir William 
 Brian, Knt. Captain of the Caftle of 
 JMerke in the Marches of Callis, who dy- 
 ing without Ifiue, left his Eftate to Phi- 
 lippa and Elizabeth, his Coufins and next 
 Heirs. This Manor, upon the Divi- 
 fion, fell to Pbilippa, who was married 
 to Sir Henry Sorgie, Knt. with other E- 
 ftates. 
 
 ' Wefton, the Demefne of Thomas Lord 
 Berkley, who 2. Hen. IV. obtained a Char- 
 ter for free Warren in this his Lord/hip 
 of Wefton, and other his Lands in this 
 County. He died poflefled of this Ma- 
 nor 5 Henry V. but leaving no Iflue, his 
 Eftate defcerided to James Berkley, his 
 Coufm and next Heir Male. But the 
 Earl of Warwick and his Wife being 
 then at Berk'.ey-Cajlle, partly by feizing 
 on the Deeds by which the Eftate was 
 entailed upon the Heir Alale, and part- 
 ly by obtaining a Grant from the King 
 of the Cuftody of the deceafed Earl's 
 Lands, kept the laid James out of 
 PofTeflion of them, till after a longCon- 
 teft at Law, the Caufe was brought to 
 an Arbitration ; by which, tho' James 
 got a Share, yet this Manor, with the 
 greateft Part of the Eftate, was award- 
 ed to the Earl for Life, which conti- 
 nued 1 5. Years, and ihould have then 
 returned to James, but thro' the Inte- 
 rcft of the Husbands of the Coheirs 
 Jviargaret, Eleanor, and Elizabeth, he 
 recovered little of it ; and after a fhort 
 Enjoyment of Three Years, not with- 
 out great Contentions and fome Blood- 
 Ihed, loft all, and fo this Manor re- 
 mained in the Beauchamp's Family, but 
 to which of the Heirefles it fell, we find 
 not, but 'tis molt probable, to Margaret, 
 who being married to the Earl of 
 Shrewsbury, had a long Controverfy 
 with the Berkleys about their Eftate, 
 and cruelly ufcd fame of them. 
 
 Wefanre, the Manor of Henry de Or- 
 trai, I. Orti, or Urtiao, who 31 Edward I. 
 obtained a Licence for a Fair every 
 Year at this Place, upon thp Evf, 
 
 and Morrow after the Feaft of the Na- 
 tivity of our Lady, Sept. 8. and Eight 
 Days after; and dying 1 5 Ed-ward II. 
 left it to his Son John, whofe Heirs ge- 
 neral carried his Eftate into other Fa- 
 milies. 
 
 WeUavlnton, the Manor and Eftate of 
 J-ames, Lord Audley, who died feifed of 
 it 9 Edwardll.. leaving this and other 
 large Eitates to Nicholas his Son and 
 Heir. He died without Iflue, and left 
 John Tucket , the Son of Joan his elder 
 Sifter, and Margaret the Wife of Sir 
 Roger Hilary, Knt. his next Heirs. John 
 Tuchet, who in Right of his Mother be- 
 came afterwards Lord Audley, inherited 
 a Moiety of this Manor, and died feifed 
 of it i o Henry IV. leaving James his Son 
 and Heir : The other Moiety of this 
 Manor pafled to the Family of Sir Ro- 
 ger Hilary, of which we have no fur- 
 ther Account. 
 
 XXXIX. The Hundred of WILLETOX 
 and FREE-MANOR. 
 
 This Hundred was anciently called 
 the Hundred of Dulverton, from the 
 chief Town in it, for we find that Wil- 
 liam Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, gave 
 this Hundred of Dulverton to the Monks 
 of Taunton, 17 Edward III. For what 
 Reafon the Name was changed to Wil- 
 liton, (which is an inconfiderable Vil- 
 lage) we know not. It is one of the 
 largcft Hundreds of the County, and is 
 bounded on the Eaft with the Hundreds 
 of C Arlington, Taunton, North- curry and 
 Mifocrton ; on the South with Devonjhire, 
 from which it is partly divided by a 
 fmall Rivulet, called Dunsbrooke, which 
 runs by Dulverton ; on the Weft with the 
 Hundred of Carhawpton, and on the 
 Nprth with the Brtjlol Chanel. The 
 Fee of it we fuppole to be in the 
 Crown, and under the Government of 
 the Sheriff. There are Two Market- 
 Towns in this Hundred, the one fituate 
 on the utmoft jjorthern Border, and the 
 other on the utmoft fouthern Border, 
 which laft i*. 
 
 Ettfaertcn,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 819 
 
 Duherton, a good Market -Town, 
 whofe Market weekly is on Saturday, 
 and Fairs yearly on Sr. Simon and JuAs 
 OStob. 18, and St. Peter, June 29. but 
 chiefly for Oxen and Sheep. Here is a 
 good Stone -Bridge of Five Archer 
 over the Dunsbrooke, which is a Branch 
 of the River Ex. Before the Conquell 
 this Manor of Dol-~erton was the EJtate 
 of "Earl HaroU (who was afterwards 
 King) as appears by Domefday-Book; and 
 after we find it given by William Mcn- 
 taitite Earl of Salisbury, with the Hun- 
 dred, to the Monks of Taunton. Dr. 
 Humphrey Sydenham, of whom we have 
 fpokcn before more than once, was 
 born of an antient Family of that Name 
 inhabiting this Town. Near this Town 
 are Tome Lead-Mines, but the Oar is 
 hard and barren, and the Lead that 
 comes from it harder than that of JWen- 
 dip-WHt ; there is fome Silver in it, but 
 fcarce exceeding the Worth of the 
 Lead. If any one could extract, it fo 
 as to fave the Lead, it might be worth 
 the While, otherwife not. 
 
 Watcbet, another Market-Town in 
 this County, and Sea-Port. It was an- 
 ciently called on that Account Weced- 
 poort ; it fuffered very much from the 
 Danes in the Year 886, and again in 
 997, it was haraflcd, and with other its 
 Neighbours in thefe wefterly Parts, fuf- 
 fered what ever Fire and Sword could 
 inflift, that barbarous People meeting 
 with none to repel their Force. 
 
 St:ck-got?ier is in our Villare's and 
 Maps noted for a Market- Town, but 
 \ve fuppofe it is difufed, becaufc we can- 
 not difcover on what Day of the Week 
 the Market was, nor whether it hath 
 any Fair. It is of mod Note for being 
 the native Place of Francis Crofle, who 
 having been Fellow of Wadloam- College 
 in the late Times, went, after his Ma- 
 jcfty's Reftoration, to Leyden in Holland, 
 where he had the Degree of Doftor of 
 Phyfick conferred upon him. Being 
 returned into England, he fettled at 
 Brijtol, and pra&ifcd Phyfick there with 
 good Succcfs. His Thefts for his Doftor's 
 Degree was printed at Oxford in 1668. 
 
 He died in the Parilh of St. Walburg in. 
 the City of Brijtol, in the Year 1675, 
 and we prefume was buried in that Pa- 
 rim-Church. 
 
 Brofipton, the Seat of John Sydenh*Ki t 
 Efq; who was High Sheriff of this 
 County in the 1 5rh Year of Queen //- 
 zabeth's Reign, and of George Sydenham t 
 Efq; who bore the lame Office in the 
 nineteenth Year of the fame Queen's 
 Reign. 
 
 Cleve dd, the Demefne before the 
 Conquelt of Harold Earl of the Weft 
 Saxons, (afterwards King Harold) as -ap- 
 pears from Domef day-Bock. On the Rocks 
 and Pebbles near this Place, between, 
 Dunftor and Watchet, where the Severn 
 wafnes them, grows the Lichen marinus, 
 Sea Liverwort, commonly called" Laver 
 by the Inhabitants: Hither, when the 
 Tide is down, the meaner People come 
 and gather it, and having cleanfed and 
 pickled it, fend it into many diftant 
 Places, being of a pleufant Talte, very 
 nourifliing, a good Antifcorbutick, and 
 of very excellent Ufe, as well by Way 
 of Diet as Medicine. 
 
 S. Decomb, a fmall Village {landing at 
 a little Diftance from Dunjlor Cajlle; it 
 hath its Name from one of this Country 
 Saints, called Decttmanits : The Story of 
 him is this, That he fctting Sail from 
 South-Wales, landed at this Place (as is 
 related in antient Agonal) in an horrid 
 Defert full of Shrubs and Briers, the 
 Woods thick and clofe ftretchcd out a 
 vail Way both in Length and Breadth, 
 rifing up in lofty Mountains, which are 
 wonderfully feparated by the hollow 
 Vallies. Here having bid farewel to the 
 Vanities of the World, he refolved to 
 fpend the Remainder of his Life, but 
 being found here by an Aflafun, he 
 was killed by him, and fb got the Re-. 
 putation of a Saint among the Country 
 People. 
 
 Exton, the Lordfliip of George Dulce 
 of Clarence, given him out of the for- 
 feited Eftates of the Lanrajlrians, of 
 which he died poflefled, but futfering 
 for Treafon, 'his Eftate was feifed by 
 his Brother King Edward IV. and givea 
 L 1 1 1 1 i by
 
 820 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 by him to his youngcft Brother, Richard, 
 Duke of Glocejler, who afterwards coming 
 to the Crown, beftowcd it wich many 
 other Eftates upon his great Favourite, 
 John Lord Howard, whom at the lame 
 Time he created Duke of N.rfclk, and 
 made him Earl Marfhal of England. He 
 was (lain in Bofworth Field, fighting for 
 King Rhhardy and being attainted by 
 Parliament foon after, loft his Eftate ; 
 but his Son Thomas, who at the fame 
 Time was created Earl of Surrey, by his 
 wife Behaviour to King Henry VII. and 
 eipccially for his Valour againft the 
 *S<:ots in Flodder.-feld, recovered his Lands 
 and Eftate, and was by that King crea- 
 ted Duke of Norfolk, as his Pofterity 
 were fome Time. 
 
 Hal-waye or Hallow, the Eftate of Rl- 
 claard Lord St. Maur, who dying ^ Hen- 
 ry IV. left it to his Son and Heir Ri- 
 chard St. J^laur. 
 
 Halfey or Halwenfey, the Lordfliip of 
 John de Burgh, Earl of Kent, who dying 
 without Iffuc, his Eftate was divided 
 between his Three Daughters and Heirs, 
 Ilawife, Dervorgild, and Margery; but to 
 which of them this Alanor went upon 
 the Divifion, we cannot difcovcr. 
 
 Honylere, the Demefne of Nicholas 
 Tuchet, Lord Audhy, who died poffefled 
 of it 10 Henry IV. and left it to his Son 
 and Heir James, in whofe Pofterity it 
 remained, till by the Heirs general it 
 pafled into other Families, but to which 
 ve cannot difcover. 
 
 Kilton, Kilmeton, or Kilveton, the Ma- 
 nor and Ettate of William Lord Mohun, 
 :^Jvcn him with many other Lordfhips 
 in this Counry by the Conqueror, in 
 whofe Army he was a Commander when 
 he invaded England, It continued in 
 his Family divers Succeffions, and was 
 left by the laft John Lord JMobun, to his 
 Three Daughters and Heirs Philippa, E- 
 lizabeth, and Maud ; but how it was di- 
 vided among them with his other E- 
 flatc, we know not. 
 
 Liftozk or Langfloke, the Manor of 
 John Duke of Lancaster, which with di- 
 vers other Eftates, came to him by his 
 Wife Elan.hf as Heir to her elder Sifter 
 
 Maud, the Widow of William Duke of 
 Bavaria, who died without Iflue: He 
 bore the Title of Earl of Richmond on- 
 ly, till Blanch being now the only Heir 
 of Henry Duke of Lancajler, he in her 
 Right was advanced to that Dukedom 
 by Parliament, which her Son Henry 
 inherited, before he was chofen King 
 of England, and fo this Manor became 
 united with the Revenues of the Crown. 
 
 Netherham or Netherwere, the Lord- 
 fliip of John ap Adam, who ^6 Edward I. 
 obtained a Charter for a weekly Mar- 
 ket upon Wednefday, as alfo for a Fair 
 once every Year on the Eve and Fefti- 
 val of the Aflumption of our Lady. He 
 left his Eftate to his Son Thomas, then 
 in his Minority. 
 
 Nether Stowey, the native Place of 
 Edward Walker, who being a Servant in 
 the, Houfe of Thomas Earl of Arundel, 
 Earl Marfhal of England, and in Fa- 
 vour with him, was made Rouge-crolx 
 Purfuivant firft, then Secretary of War, 
 when the Earl was conftituted General 
 for the Scotch Expedition ; afterwards 
 attending the King in his Wars of Edge- 
 hill and Oxford, the King raifed him to 
 be Norroy, King of Arms, and upon the 
 Death of Sir Henry St. George, Garter, 
 loon after which he was created a 
 Knight. He died fuddenly at White-hall 
 in 1676, and was buried at Stratfcrd up- 
 on Avon in Warivikjlnre, among the 
 Chptons, into which Family his only 
 Daughter and Heir had married. 
 
 Nettlecomb, the Eftate before the Con- 
 queft of Harold, Earl of the WeJI-Saxons 
 (afterwards King Harold) as appears 
 from Domefday-Book. In latter Ages it 
 was the Seat of the Raiulelghs, many of 
 whofc Monuments are to be fcen in the 
 Parilh- Church there. They were fuc- 
 cccded by the Trevilians, a Family of 
 Corn'ijl) Extraction, enriched very much 
 in following Times by feveral Marriages 
 with Wives of great Eftates in Devon 
 and this County, particularly fome who 
 lived in or near this Place. Of this Fa- 
 mily John Trevilian, Efq; was High She- 
 riff of this County in the fcv-nteenth 
 Year of King Jama I. 
 
 Div&mf
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 821 
 
 OK bard Windbam, a Manor firuate in 
 a Vale belonging once to the Family 
 of Orchards , who anciently had a great 
 Eftate in this Country. From them it 
 pafled to the Sydenbams, and from them 
 by Marriage to the Windhams, of whom 
 Sir Join Wlndkam, Knt. and Thmas 
 Windbam, Efq; of this Place, were High 
 
 King's Council and Parliament. He 
 died 25 Edward I. and lefc his Eftate to 
 his Son and Heir Jeffrey, who enjoyed 
 this Manor, and left it to his Pofterity, 
 who are now, or were lately in the 
 Poflcflion of it. 
 
 This Village is ficuate upon the Point 
 of Ouantock- Hills, which are a Ridge of 
 
 Sheriffs of this County in King James, I.'s Mountains beginning at Eaft Quantock- 
 
 bead, and running thro' a rich Country 
 Southward, as far as the Vale of Taun- 
 ton-Dean, affording a Prolpcft extream- 
 ly pleafing to the Eye, by Reafon of its 
 great Variety of Sea and Land, of Bar- 
 rennefs and Fruitfulnefs. 
 
 Wineiford, a Manor of which Tojli, 
 Earl of Northumberland, was poflefled, in 
 
 Reign, viz* id and 2id Year. 
 
 Qitantocks-bead, or as it is in old Wri- 
 tings Cantokefieved, a Village a lirtlc 
 Diftancc from Orchard- Windbam, the 
 Manor whereof was the Seat and Eftate 
 of Maurice de Gant, defcended of Robert 
 Fitz-barding, the Progenitor of the noble 
 Family of Berkleys, of which he died 
 
 poflefled 14 Henry III. Andrew Lutterel Edward the Confeflbr's Days, as appears 
 put in his Claim for his Inheritance as from Domefday-Bcok. Earl Tojli was, for 
 
 his next Heir, Maurice leaving no Iflue, 
 and offered the King an Hundred Marks 
 
 his Cruelty, banifhed by K.Edward, and 
 Morkar, the youngeft Son of Algar, Earl 
 
 but whether he had 
 it doth not appear. 
 
 his Eftate, or no, 
 
 to have Inquifition made of his Title to of Chefter, made Earl of Northumberland , 
 it, that he might have Livery of them, ' 
 as of his Right, which the King grant- 
 ed upon Condition, that he could ma- 
 nifeft his Right ; but till that was done, 
 this Lordfhip was afligned for the Main- 
 tenance of Margaret de Sumeri, Widow 
 of the laid Maurice, till her Dowry was 
 let forth. 
 
 Andrew Lutterel having cleared his 
 Title to the Eftate of Maurice de Gaunt, 
 and paid the Sum promifed 1 5 Henry III. 
 
 XL. The Hundred of WINTER STOKE. 
 
 This Hundred is bounded on the Eaft 
 with the Hundreds of Cbewton and Bed- 
 minfter, on the South with the Hundreds 
 of Bempjtone and Brent, on the Weft with 
 the Severn Sea or BriJloI-Cbanel, and on . 
 the North with the Hundred of Portlury. 
 
 had Livery of this Manor of Cantoke- The Fee of this Hundred we fuppofe to 
 
 (heved, and fome others which he held 
 by Barony. In 58 Henry III. he paid 
 
 be in the Crown, and fo under the Ju- 
 rifdi&ion of the Sheriff. The chief 
 
 Twenty-five Pounds for Twelve Knights- Town is 
 
 Fees and an Half, being the Fees of 
 Maurice de Gaunt, upon the Collection 
 then made for conftituting the King's 
 eldeft Son a Knight. He left his Eftate 
 to Jeffrey his Son, who having paid an 
 Hundred Marks for a Relief, had Li- 
 very of the fame: But this Jeffrey be- 
 coming afterwards Nan compos mentis, 
 Alexander his Brother had the Cuftody 
 of his Perfon, and William de Gray, 
 whofe Daughter he had married, had 
 the Tuition of his Children. His Son 
 Robert fucceeded him as Heir to his E- 
 ftate, and being a great Man in his 
 Time, was fummoned both to the 
 
 Axbridge, confiding principally of one 
 Street, about Four Furlongs in Length. 
 It is a Corporation governed by a 
 Mayor, Aldermen, Recorder, and o- 
 ther inferior Officers, and hath a good 
 Market here wetkly on Thurfday, and 
 Fair yearly on . It is fi- 
 
 tuate under the Mendip-Wlls near the 
 Cheddar-Rocks. The Manor and Lord- 
 fhip of this Town was 1 9 Edward II. in 
 the Bifliop of Bath and Welh ; but where- 
 as the Bifliop paid yearly a Rent of 
 Fifty-four Pounds unto the Exchequer 
 for this and the Manor of Congrebwy 
 and Ceddre, Edmund of .. Woodjtoke, the 
 
 fecond
 
 822' 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 fecond Son of Kind; Edward I. obtained 
 a Grant of his Brother, King Edwaritll. 
 in Tail general, of thofe Lordfhips, 
 and fame others, to the Value of Two 
 thoufand Marks. 
 
 Blackdon or Blakeden, the Lordfhip of 
 Robrrt, the Son of Martin of Tours, who 
 came into England with the Conqueror. 
 He, with the Con fen t of Maud Peverel 
 his Wife, gave the Church of this Town 
 ro the Monks of Stanley in Wiltshire, but 
 the Manor continued in this Family di- 
 vers Succeflions ; for Nicholas, the Great 
 Grandfonof Robert, left it to his Grand- 
 fon Nicholas, i o Edward I. whole Son 
 William died! poflefled of it about 20 
 Edward II. leaving his Eftate, which 
 Avas pretty large, to his Two Sifters and 
 their Heirs, Eleanor and Joan, '' then 
 married to Nicholas Audley, by whom 
 fhe had J- am es Audley her Heir. In this 
 family this Manor remained, tilljfa-mes 
 Lord Audley being attainted, this Manor 
 and divers other Eftatcs to him belong- 
 ing, were feifed by the King, Richard II. 
 and given to John Holland Earl of Hun- 
 tington, at his Creation, till the King 
 fliould fettle upon him an Eftate of 
 Two thoufand Marks. This Earl con- 
 tinued in Favour with King Richard all 
 his Reign ; but when the King was de- 
 pofcd by the Arrival of Henry Duke of 
 Lancajter (then made King by the Name 
 of Henry IV.) he was adjudged in Par- 
 liament to lofe his Honour arid Lands, 
 for attempting the Reftoration of King 
 Richard: He had married King Henry's 
 Sifter Elizabeth, and by her Intereft this 
 and fome other of his Eftates were con- 
 tinued in his Family, whichj after his 
 Death, were enjoyed with the Title of 
 Earl of Hurrthigton, for Rhha'vd his Son 
 died poflefled of it, and unmarried, 
 leaving it to J~okn his Son and Heir, in 
 whofe Pofterity it was 35 Hertr^ VI. 
 Some Lands in this Town, and Tene- 
 ments thereon, belonged td the Nunne- 
 ry of Taunton, which at the Diflblution 
 of the Monafterics, were given to Sir 
 Thomas Dar.y, Knt. one of the Gentle- 
 men of King Henry VIII.'s Privy Cham- 
 ber, 1% Henry VIII. 
 
 Bledon, a fmall Village, famous only 
 (but enough) for rhe eminent Minifter 
 of it, Meric Cafanbon, the Son of the 
 great Ifaac Cafaubon, conferred on him 
 by Dr. Andrews, Bifhop of Winchester. 
 He, by Writing in Defence of his Fa- 
 ther againft the Calumnies of fomc Pa- 
 pifts, made himfelf known to King 
 fames I. and afterward to Dr. Laud t 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury, which laft 
 conferred on him a Prebend of Canter- 
 Ittry, and the Re&ory of Ickham, Four 
 Miles diftant from it. In the'Beginning 
 of the Civil Wars he loft all his Pro- 
 motions, and lived retiredly upon what 
 little he had faved. Oliver Crom-we/t 
 Three Times fent to him to come to 
 write the Hiftory of the Civil Wars of 
 England; and when he excufed himfelf 
 from that Work, he yet ordered one 
 Cvwivjett, a Bookfeller, to make him a 
 Prefcnt of 3oo/. when his Neceflirfes 
 required, but he would not accept it, 
 tho' his Condition was mean. He was 
 invited in the lame Times into Sweed- 
 land by Queen Chriftina, to be the Go- 
 vernor of one, and Infpe&or of her 
 other Univcrfities, and promifcd ho- 
 nourable Salaries for himfelf and Son ; 
 but he waived thefe Offers, becaufe he 
 had refolved to fpend the reft of his 
 Days in England. He was reftored to all 
 his Promotions at the Return of King 
 Charles II. and fpeht his Life in writing 
 Books chiefly, of which he left irtany 
 in Prints He died at Canterbury in 
 1671, and was buried in the Cathedral 
 there, under an handfome Monument 
 foon after ere&ed; 
 
 Bramuell, a Manor poflefled by Ha- 
 rold, E-arl of the Wefl^Saxons, in the 
 Reign of King Edward the Confeflbr, 
 as appears from Domefdny-Book. He was 
 afterwards King of England, and was 
 flain by William the Normans Army at 
 Battel in Sttffex. 
 
 Chadder, a Manor belonging to the 
 Bifhop of Bath, for which, with Con- 
 gresbury and Axbridge, (as is above-men- 
 tioned) that Bifhop paid Fifty-four 
 Pounds yearly into the Exchequer. 
 KingErf;<mf II. granted the faid yearly 
 
 Rent
 
 SOME R S Ef S H IRE. 
 
 823 
 
 Rent to his Brother Edmund of Wood- being Remarks on the Lives of the 
 Jiock, Earl of Kent, with divers other Kings of this Ifle, from the Year of 
 Lands and Rents, to hold of him by the World i&55, to the Year of Chrift 
 the Service of Two Knights Fees, and 1660, which gave grcutOtfence tofome; 
 the yearly Rent of Three Shillings, however, he died in Repute for his 
 payable unto the Exchequer, in Per- Loyalty, and his firm Love and Adhc- 
 of King Edward I.'s Will- rencc to our Conftirmion in Church and 
 
 State, March zd. 1688. 
 
 John Churchill, his more famous Son, 
 
 fbrmance of King Edward I.'s 
 This Manor was in the down in King 
 Edward VI. 's Days, for it was then ex- 
 
 changed with Sir Thomas Hlneage for was .by his Intereft with the Duke of 
 
 York, made a Colonel, and afterwards 
 
 other Lands and Eftates. 
 
 This Town isfamous for the excellent created by King Chirks II a Baron, by 
 
 and prodigious great Chcefes made there, 
 fome of which require more than one 
 Man's Strength to fet them on the Ta- 
 ble, and arc alfo of a delicate Talte, 
 
 the Title of Lord Chur.bii! of Aymouth in 
 Scotland, in 1683. When King fames II. 
 came to the Throne, he was in Favour 
 himfelf, and was promoted to feveral 
 
 equalling, if not exceeding the beft Places of Honour, 'Truft and Profit ; 
 
 Parmefan. Above the Town is the Gap but having a great Dependence xipon 
 
 which feems as it were cut into the the Prince and Princefs of Denmark, 
 
 Hill, which affords a narrow Paflagc for when he law what Methods that King 
 
 Travellers between, and hath ftupen- took to cftablifli Popery, and how much 
 
 dous high Rocks on both Sides, which the Nation in general difguftcd his Pro- 
 
 go by the Name of Cheddar-cliffs. ceedings, which might endanger even 
 
 In the Reign of King Henry V. Rl- the Princefs's Right of SuccelTionj if 
 
 ird Chedder, then Lord of this Town, with the Prince.fsne ; had abetted them; 
 
 dt he deferted the King, and join'd with 
 the Prince of Orange, when he^ arrived 
 
 chard 
 
 and who took his Name from it, 
 
 Chedder, was Knight of the Shire for this 
 
 County and Dorfetjhire feveral Times, in the Weft of England, and attended 
 viz.- in the ift, 5th, and 8th Years of him till he was fettled on the Throne, 
 that King, .and 5th of King Henry VI. by the Name of William III. Upon this 
 
 ChimhhiU, a Village of Note upon the 
 Account of the Family of ChurchhiUs, 
 who took their Name from ;t, and had 
 their Seat in it, being Lords of it. Two 
 of them have been famous in thefe lat- 
 
 Settlement he was made one of the 
 Lords of the Prjvy Council,, and in 
 1689 created Earl of Maryborough, ha-r 
 ving before been lent into Ireland Lieu- 
 tenant General of the Army, againft 
 ter Ages, viz. Sir Winflon Churchill the Fa- King fames I I.'s Friends, where he did 
 ther, and John Churchill his Son, late goo.d Service, and returned louden with 
 Duke of Marlboraugh. Sir Winjlw was a Honour ; yet before King William's 
 Conviftor of St, John's College, Oxford^ Death he was deprived of all his Places 
 but the ; Wars breaking out, he left.rhe and Employments, and. fo continued 
 Univerfity without a Decree, aid ad- till Queen Anne came to the Throne, 
 hered to his Majefty againft his rebel' when the War of France reviving, he. 
 lious Subjefts. Upon King Charles I I.'s was made General of all the Er.glifo 
 Reftoration he was a Burgefs for Wey- Forces, and with the Confederates ob- 
 n;outh, in i6(5i, was made a Fellow of tained lb many and great Victories over 
 the- Royal Society, and in 1665 was the French, that he was dclervcdly ad- 
 Knighted. Afterwards he was conftitu- mired, as the great Hero of the Age, 
 ted a Commiflioner of the Court of and for his mighty Services, rewarded 
 Claims in Ireland, Clerk, of the Green- at home and abroad, being made by the 
 
 cloth, and at length eldeft. Clerk, 
 Comptroller of. the Green-cloth, He 
 
 Emperor Prince of Mindleheim. 
 
 Congenbury, a mean Village firuatc 
 
 wrote a Book, entitled, Divi Britanxiti, under, the Mendip-H'ttis to the North, 
 
 thought
 
 824 S M E R S E 
 
 thought to take its Name from one Con- 
 garus, a Perfon of great San&ity, (Cap- 
 grave tells us, that he was the Son of an 
 Emperor of Constantinople) who is faid to 
 have lived here an Hermit. This Ma- 
 nor, before the Conqueft, was a Part of 
 the grear Eftate of Harold, Son of God- 
 win Earl of Kent, and Earl of the Wefl- 
 axons,as appears by Domef day -Book: He 
 was after King of England, and being 
 flain by Witiiam the Norman, this and 
 his other Eftates were feifed by the 
 Conqueror, and To far as we can find, 
 continued in the Crown, till with 
 Axbrtdge and Cbedder, it was fettled up- 
 
 r s HIRE. 
 
 venue; and becaufe the fmall Tithes, 
 Legacies and Oblations would not reach 
 up to that Portion, therefore the Vi- 
 cars for ever fliould have a certain Parr 
 of the Corn-Tithe to make out .the fta- 
 ted Competency for them. And this 
 the Bifliop (as the other Bifhops of that 
 Time generally did) thought was fuffi- 
 cient, and not lefs, becaufe the People 
 generally expeftcd, that the Vicar of 
 every Parifh. fhould be a Man of Learn- 
 ing and of a good Reputation, to main- 
 tain a creditable Refidence, having a 
 competent Number of Servants, and 
 being able to relieve Travellers and 
 
 on the See of Bath, upon the Terms of poor People in the decent Ways of Ho- 
 
 fpitality and Charity, and to pay extra- 
 ordinary Aids to the Government in 
 Proportion to his third Share. 
 
 Harpetre, a Lordfliip and Caftle which 
 belonged to the Family of the Harpetres, 
 who took their Name de Harpetre from 
 it. This Family were in Pofleffion of 
 this Lordfliip, from 1 ^ Henry II. to the 
 1 6th of Henry III. when Iflue Male fail- 
 ing, this Caftle and Manor defcended, 
 after the Death of Robert the Son of 
 John Harpetre, to Robert de Gut-nay his 
 Coufin, Grandfon of the faid J-obn. In 
 this Family they refted fome Succef- 
 fions, till John de Gurnay leaving only 
 female Iflue, Elizabeth, his only Daugh- 
 ter and Heir, who married J-obn ap A- 
 dam, carried this Manor and other E. 
 ftates into his Family. The Ap-Adams's 
 Poftcrity failing, it appears, that they 
 reftored it to the Family of the Gur- 
 nays, to whom the prefent Pofleflbrs of 
 it, the Newtons, are related. 
 
 Kingfton, the Manor and Eftatc of 
 John *e Burgh, Grandfon of the great 
 Hubert de Burgh, Earl of Kent, who 
 leaving only Three Daughters and Heirs, 
 Hawife, Dervorglld, and Margery, this 
 Manor and his other Eftate was parted 
 between them ; and Dervorglld, who mar- 
 ried Robert Fttz-Walter, had this Lord- 
 fhip for Part of her Share. It did not 
 come to the faid John from his Ance- 
 ftors, but as he was Heir to Hawife de 
 Llanvalley, his Grandmother, upon the 
 Failure of Iflue in that Family. 
 
 paying to the Exchequer yearly Fifty- 
 four Pounds, as a Fee- farm Rent; but 
 whether this Settlement was made by 
 the Crown, as by Jocelin, Bifhop of Wells, 
 (who was confecratcd to the See in 
 12.05.) as Biftiop Godwin de Prjful. tells 
 us, is a Queftion, not to us clearly de- 
 termined. The Fifty-four Pounds was 
 often difpofed of to ftich as the Kings 
 favoured in their feveral Reigns, viz* 
 King Edward II. gave it with divers 
 other Lands and Rents to Edmund of 
 Wcodjto k, Earl of Kent, his Brother, in 
 \\holc Pofterity it continued fome Time; 
 but being returned to the Crown in the 
 Reign of K. Edward IV. was given to his 
 Brother Gecrge, Duke of Clarence, whoie 
 Son Edward, Earl of Warwick, enjoyed 
 it; and from him Margaret the Wife of 
 Sir Richard Pole, and Sifter of the faid 
 Edward (who died attainted 19 Hew. VII.) 
 derived her Claim, and by Petition ob- 
 tained fo many of his Lands, as he in- 
 herited as Heir to Richard Earl of Sa- 
 lisbury, with the Title of the Countefs 
 of Salisbury, among which is fpccified 
 the Fee- farm of Congresbury, payable by 
 the Bifliop of 'Bath into the Exchequer 
 ' " 54 /. per Annum. 
 
 The "Church here is a Vicarage or- 
 dained by the above-mentioned Jocelin, 
 Biftiop of Bath and We/it, Anno Dom. 
 12.35, concerning which he decreed 
 thus, Ecclejia de Congresbury Vlcaria, &>c. 
 That the Vicarage ought to confift in 
 .the third Part of that Church's Re- 
 4
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. Sir 
 
 Jd} de Kingjlon, who feems to have educated him, in Learning, took upo^ 
 
 taken his Name from this Lordfhip, him to be Executor, and much oppofe^ 
 
 which was his Seat, was Knight of this (if he did not totally hinder) the De" 
 
 County and Dorfetjlnre, in the 6th and (igns of the Roman Catholicks. He died 
 
 lath Years of the Reign of King Ed- in 1655, and was buried in the Parilh, 
 
 ward HI. Church of Hayes in Middlefex. 
 
 Langford upper, a little Village near Wmfcomh, or Whifdscoinb, the Dcmefne 
 
 Churchill, famous only for a Family of of Sir J&& Tiptoft, who died poflefled 
 
 Gentlmen, named Latch, who had their 
 Habitation there. Of this Family was 
 Mr. John Latch, who having fpent fome 
 Time in St. John* College, Oxford, to 
 improve himfelf in Academical Learn- 
 ing, retired to the Middle Temple to 
 ftndy the Common Law of England, 
 but being very fickly, he fpent his Time 
 in a folitary Way of Study, in which 
 he improved himfclf, as much as his 
 weak Body would permit. He wrote 
 Reports of diverfe Cafes adjudged in the 
 three firft Years of King Charles I. in 
 the Court of King's Bench. In the la- 
 rcr Part of his Life he embraced the 
 Ren/ft Religion by the Perfuafion of 
 cue Harvey, or Hanmer, a Solicitor (vul- 
 
 Parly eftecmcd a Jefuit, or Rowijl) 
 ricft) and left his Eftate to the Sociecy 
 of 'fefus, but his Uncle Latch, who had 
 
 of it 21 Hen. VI. leaving it with divcrfc 
 other Lands to his Son and Heir John t 
 \vho in a few Years after grew to be 
 Marqnefs of Worcejler, but having no 
 Iflue Male, left his Eftate to his three 
 AuntSj PbiJippa, Joan and Joyce. 
 
 N. B. We meet with many other 
 Places in ancient Records, and Writings, 
 which are therein mentioned, as belong- 
 ing to this County, which we cannoc 
 find, in any of our Villarcs, or Maps, 
 and fo not being able to bring them in- 
 to our Method, we chofe rather to omit 
 them, than, trouble our Readers with 
 any hiftorical Account of Places no 
 where to be found ; and fo we mail go 
 on to other Matters of which we have- 
 mo-re Certainty. As 
 
 I. Such Families of the Nobility, as have taken their 
 Title from this County, having leen Dukes, Mar- 
 quejjes, or Earls of Somerfet, 
 
 HUN the firft Earl of this Shire, 
 He is fuid to have been in the 
 Battle of Ellendune, which was fought 
 between Egbert, King of the Weft-Sax- 
 cns, an'd Beowulf King of Mercia, in the 
 Year 815. He was (lain there, and his 
 Body was bnried at Wnchefter. To him 
 fucceeded in 845. 
 
 Earnulfe in this Earldom, who joining 
 with Ofr'tc, then Earl of Dcrfet, and Al- 
 ffane Bilhop of Shireburn, gave Battle to 
 the Danes at Pedreiiefmuth, and having 
 flain a great Multitude of them, ob- 
 
 tained a fignal ViSory over thofe Pa- 
 gans. But of him we find nothing more 
 till the Year 854. when he confpired 
 with the laid Bifhop of Sbirbttrn againfl 
 King Etbcltuolf, who was then at Rome, 
 and there had procured his younger Son 
 Alfred to be crowned by Pope Leo, to 
 keep him out of the Nation, and no more 
 luiFer him to be King, partly becaufc 
 he had endeavoured to deprive his eld- 
 cft Son Etbelbald of the Right of Suc- 
 ceflion, and partly becaufe, in his Re- 
 turn from Rome t he had married Jti- 
 M in m m m dith,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 ith, the Daughter of Charles King of 
 Fran.e , commonly called Charles the 
 Said, without the Confent of his Clergy 
 and Nobility ; but this Infurre&ion was 
 comprimifed by the Mediation of 
 Friends. 
 
 Suane, eldeft Son of Godwin Earl of 
 Kent, was Earl of Somerfet, Gloucejier y 
 Oxford, Hereford and Berks. He was a 
 disorderly, wicked Perfon, and of a 
 very turbulent Difpofition, infomuch 
 that he was bani/hed the Nation thrice 
 for his Crimes, w%. in 1044. when he 
 went to Baldwin Earl of Flanders, and 
 remained there two Years, but by the 
 Mediation of his Father he was reftored 
 to Favour. 2. For inveigling Edgiva, 
 Abbefs of Leominfter to marry him, when 
 he fled into Denmark, and perfuading 
 Eeorne the King of Denmark's Son to go 
 with him into England to mediate tor 
 him, carried him to Dort, and there 
 murdered him. 3. Being in the Infiir- 
 rcftion with Earl Godwin his Father in 
 3051. he fled with him into Flanders, 
 where being touched with Remorfe for 
 the Murder of Prince Beorve, he fub- 
 mitted to this Penance to expiate for 
 that barbarous Murder, viz- To go to 
 farufalem bare foot ; in performing 
 which Journey he got fo much cold, 
 that in his Return home he died at Li- 
 eut, before his Father, Earl Godwin. 
 
 William de Mohun, the Third, one of 
 the great Men of this Nation, who ad- 
 hered to the Emprefs Maud in endea- 
 vouring to depofe King Stephen. Vie 
 fortified the Caftle of Dunjler on her be- 
 half, and did much Mifchief to the In- 
 habitants thereabouts by his Excursions. 
 He allb joined with David King of Scots, 
 Robert Earl of Gloucejler, and other 
 Friends of the Emprefs, in befieging 
 Winchefier Caftle, which Henry de Bloys, 
 King Stephen's Brother, held out againft 
 her. For which, and other fpecial Ser- 
 vices, ihe made him Earl of Somerfet 
 and Dvrfet, as we gather from Dugdale , 
 and Dr. Heyljn ; which is probable, be- 
 caufc the Vice-comes, or High-Sheriff was 
 ill thole Days conftituted for both thole 
 
 Counties, and fo continued, till Queen 
 Elizabeth's Reign. 
 
 William Longefpe, natural So n of King 
 Henry II. He by the Marriag e of Ela t 
 the only Daughter and Heir of William 
 Earl of Salisbury, became firft Earl of 
 that City ; and afterwards joining with 
 King Henry III. in the Beginning of his 
 Reign, againft Lewis the Dauphin, who 
 had headed the Nobles againft his Fa- 
 ther King John, was created Earl of 
 Somerfet, which he enjoyed only for 
 Life ; for his eldeft Son William did not 
 inherit his Honour with his Eftate, as 
 an old Chronicler teftifieth, who faith, 
 That Anno 1233. (17 Hen. III.) he was 
 girt with the Sword of Knighthood, but 
 not made Earl of Salisbury (or Somerfet). 
 He did lay Claim to thofe Earldoms, 
 and had fair Promifes, that he fhould 
 have Right done him therein, but never 
 had. 
 
 Reginald de Mohun is, in Dr. Heylin's 
 Catalogue, placed the next Succeflor in 
 this Earldom, and laid by him to have 
 been created in 1396", (19 Rich. II.) but 
 by what Authority we cannot difcover ; 
 Dugdale making no Mention of his fuc- 
 cecdins, but faying, That 
 
 Sir J-okn Beaufort Kt. the eldeft Son of 
 John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancajler, by 
 the Lady Katharine Swinford, was (20 
 Rich. II.) declared by the Lord Chan- 
 cellor in open Parliament, to have been 
 created, by that King, Earl of Somerfet t 
 and the next Year Marquefs of Somer- 
 fet. In the Beginning of King Henry 
 IV. 's Reign he was under a Cloud, be- 
 caufc he had been one of the Accufers 
 of Thomas of Wcodjlock Duke of Glouce- 
 fter, and was on that Account deprived 
 in Parl iament of his Title of Marquefs 
 of Dorfet, which had alfo been confer- 
 red upon him by King Richard II. but 
 he foon recovered that King's Favour, 
 and bore many Places of Honour and 
 Truft in that King's Reign to his Death, 
 which happened on ~ aim-Sunday, 1409. 
 ii Hen. IV. leaving for his Heir and 
 Succeflbr 
 
 Htnry
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 827 
 
 Henry "Betufort, being then about fix 
 Years old. Xing Henry was his Godfa- 
 ther, and granted upon the Day of Bap- 
 tifm, to him and the Heirs Male of his 
 Body, a Thoufand Marks per Ann. to be 
 paid out of the Exchequer, till he 
 fhould fettle on him Lands of the like 
 yearly Value. He died in his Minority, 
 6 Hen. V. and left for his Heir and Suc- 
 ceflbr 
 
 John de Beaufort his Brother, then un- 
 der Age, but a&ive and valiant; for being 
 in the Wars of France, 9 Hen. V. he was 
 taken Prifoner in pafling a Marfli near 
 the Caftle of Beaufort. He arrived at 
 full Age 3 Hen. VI. and having been 
 divcrfe Years in the French Wars, when 
 Harfew was taken, was 21 Hen. VI. 
 created Duke of Somerfet and Earl of 
 Kendale, and under that Title was made 
 Lieutenant and Captain General of 
 Aqultane. He died zzHen. VI. and was 
 buried at Wimburne-Aiinfter in DorfetJIrire, 
 leaving his fole Daughter and Heir, 
 Margaret, then but three Years old, 
 but afterwards married to Edmund of 
 Hadham Earl of Richmond. But 
 
 Edmund de Beaufort his younger Bro- 
 ther fucceeded him in his Earldom and 
 Dukedom of Somerfet. He had before 
 the Title of Earl of Mortetn, and had 
 been very ferviceable in preferving the 
 Englijb Conquefts in France, and diverfe 
 other important Tranfa&ions of State, 
 for which he was created Marquefs of 
 Dorjet, the lame Year his Brother died. 
 In 24 Hen. VI. he was appointed Re- 
 gent of Normandy i (the Duke of York be- 
 ing difcharged of that Truft) and be- 
 ing conftrained by the French to furren- 
 der Caen upon Articles, the Duke of 
 York took fuch a Diftafte at him, that 
 he never refted, till he compafled his 
 Ruin ; for taking up Arms with a ftrong 
 Party, he accufed this Duke of all the 
 Misfortunes that had been in France, 
 and Difturbances of the publick Peace 
 at home : On the contrary, the Duke 
 charged him with High Treafbn, in 
 con fpi ring the Death of the King, that 
 he might feat himfelf on the Throne. 
 This flurp Return fo inccnfed York, 
 
 that he caufed him to be apprehended 
 in the Queen's Chamber, and imprifon- 
 ed in the Tower of London ; but the King 
 favouring htm, foon after ordered his 
 Releafe, which fo an^rcd Tcrk, that he 
 raifed an Army, and fought the King's 
 Forces commanded by this Duke at St. 
 Albans, where he met his Fate, and was 
 buried in the Abbey Church there. 
 His eldcft Son and Heir 
 
 Henry de Beaufort fucceeded him both 
 in his Honour and Lands. He had born 
 the Title of Earl of Morteht in his Fa- 
 ther's Life-time, and had been much 
 with his Father in the Wars of France. 
 Being arrived at the Dukedom, he con- 
 tinued firm to the Lancaftrjan Intereft, 
 as his Father had done, and bore many 
 Places of Profit and Truft ; as Captain 
 of CaJlis, Governor of the Ifle of Wight, 
 &c. Soon after this the Earl of March , 
 in ConjunSion with the Earls of Salis- 
 bury and Warwick, the moft potent 
 Noblemen of thofe Times, grew very 
 ftrong ; and though he made all the Pre- 
 parations he could to fupprcfs them, 
 yet before he could get Strength 
 enough to do it, he was forced to come 
 to a Battle with them at Teuton is York- 
 jlfire, where the King's Forces being 
 conquered, the Duke of York was pro 
 claimed King, by the Title of King Ed- 
 ward IV. This Earl fled with King 
 Henry to Newcstftle, and fought for him 
 at the Battle of Hexnam, where being 
 taken Prifoner with diverfe other great 
 Men, he was beheaded there, and after 
 attainted in Parliament, leaving no 
 lawful Iflue, 
 
 Edmund his Brother, and Heir, fuc- 
 ceeded him, who likewifc was firm to 
 the Lancajlrlan Intereft, which being 
 then hopclefs of any good Days in Eng- 
 land, He, and his Brother John retired 
 into France, where they lived very mifera- 
 bly, till Charles Duke of Bur gundy, (\\hv 
 was a- kin to them by their Mother) fuc- 
 coured them with a fin all Penfion, on 
 which they fubfifted fomc Time. At 
 length the Lancastrian Intereft began to 
 revive by the Marriage of Prince Ed- 
 ward, (King Henry VI. 's Son) with Anne 
 
 M m m m m z the
 
 828 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 the Earl of Warwick's Daughter ; King 
 Henry being reftored to his Crown, and 
 a Parliament called, to which this Duke 
 v/ent joyfully. But King Edward re- 
 turning the next Year, and being vi&o- 
 rious in Earnet Field, (where this Duke 
 had a Command of Part of the Archers) 
 and at Tetuksbury, where he fled, but 
 was taken , he was beheaded there, and 
 died without Iflue, and his five Sifters 
 were the Heirs of his Eftate, and his 
 Honour was extinft, and fo remained 
 for about five and Twenty Years, when 
 King Henry VII. created his third Son 
 
 Edmund^ in his Infancy, Duke of So- 
 merfet, Anno Dom. 1496. but he enjoyed 
 this Honour but a fmall Time, being 
 taken away by Death at Bi flops- Hatfield 
 in Hertfordjl)ire t before he was full five 
 Years of Age. He was buried in St. Pe- 
 ter's Church, Wejlmlnfler. After this, 
 this Honour lay dormant, till the Year 
 1525. When 
 
 Henry Fitz-Roy, the natural Son of 
 King Henry VIII. by Elizabeth Mount 
 Lady Talboife, who having been firft 
 created Earl of Nottingham, when he 
 was but fix Years old, was further made 
 Duke of Richmond, and Somerset at his 
 Palace of 'Bride-welt, London. He was a 
 Prince very forward in martkl Affairs, 
 and of good Knowledge in Tongues, 
 which laft, we may fuppofe was an In- 
 ducement to Leland to dedicate a Book 
 to him. He was conftituted by his Fa- 
 ther, Lord Warden of the Marches a- 
 gainft Scotland, and Lieutenant General 
 of the Northern Parts. He married 
 Mary, the Daughter of Thomas Duke 
 of Norfolk, Earl Marfhal, and Lord 
 Treafurer of England', but enjoyed 
 'neither of them long, dying in 1536, 
 without Heirs, and fo this Earldom 
 fuftcred a Vacancy for ten Years, or 
 more. 
 
 ' Sir Edward Seymour Knt, Son of Sir 
 Join Seymour of Wolf-Hall in Wiltjhire, 
 and Grandfon of Sir Roger Seymour of 
 Evenfw'inden in the fame County, Knt. 
 whot had married Cicely, one of the Co- 
 heirs of John Lord Beauchampe of 
 H.iccke, being one of the Efquiresof the 
 
 Body to King Henry VIII. while his Si- 
 fter Jane was one of the Maids of Ho- 
 nour to Queen Anne BuUen y came into 
 fuch Favour with the King, as foon to 
 arrive at high Advancement ; for the 
 King having fo fixed his Affe&ions on 
 his Sifter Jane, as to make her his 
 Wife, he Toon attained not only Ho- 
 nours, but almoft all the Preferments 
 he was capable of; viz. On the Mar- 
 riage-Day he was created VMcount 
 Beam-ham j} to himfelf, and the Heirs 
 Male of his Body ; Captain of the Ifle 
 of Wight, and foon after Earl of Hert- 
 ford. With thefe Honours he was dig- 
 nified with Places of great Profit and 
 Truft, as Lord Great Chamberlain, 
 Lieutenant General of the English Army 
 fent againft the Scots, 8cc. while King 
 Henry lived, arid at his Death' conftitu- 
 ted one of the Executors, and Council 
 to his Son Edward, who was to fucceed 
 him. Upon the Acceflion of K. Ed. VI. 
 he was chofen Protector of the Realm, 
 and King's Perfon by the whole Coun- 
 cil ; and becaufe he was not a Baron, 
 he was by Letters Patent advanced te 
 that Honour r Edward VI. and the next 
 Day was created Duke of Somerfet, and 
 to the Heirs Male of his Body by Anne 
 his Wife ; and for want of fuch, to 
 Edward his Son by his firft Wife, and 
 his Heirs ; but his great Fortune 
 brought all his Miferies upon him* 
 Northumberland's Envy, and Policy, 
 brought him to the Scaffold, where he 
 died unconcerned in his Mind, and pi- 
 tied and lamented by the People, Anno 
 1552, 6 Edward VI. His Crime was 
 Treafon, for which being attainted, 
 his Pofterity loft all their Honours, till 
 Queen Elizabeth, by her Letters Pa- 
 tent, advanced his Son Edivard, by Anne 
 his Wife, to the Degree of Baron 
 Beawhamp and Earl of Hertford, which 
 Honour was increased by King Charles I. 
 who made William Seymour Marquefs of 
 Hertford in 1640, as the Family conti- 
 nued till 1 660, Afterwards 
 
 Sir
 
 SO HER S E? S HI RE. 
 
 825? 
 
 Sir Robert Carr, Knight of the Bath, 
 a Scotchman^ having long ferved King 
 James I. in the Quality of a Page, 
 grew at length into fuch Favour with 
 the King, by the Intereft of Sir George 
 Hume Earl of Dttnbar, then Treafurer 
 of Stotland, that at his Death he got 
 into his Place, and fbon after obtained 
 the Dignity of Baron of Branrepeth, 
 Vifcount Rochejler, and Earl of Somerfet, 
 and was made Lord Chamberlain of 
 the King's Houfhold, and one of his 
 Privy Council, whereby he got the 
 Reputation, of that King's Favourite in 
 thofe Days. This Earl flood not long 
 in this Port ; but having fcduced the 
 Lady Effex from her Husband, and 
 poifoncd Sir Thomas Overbuy for oppo- 
 fing his unlawful DeGres ; he fell into 
 fuch Difgrace, that though his Life 
 was fparcd, he fuffered a long Impri- 
 Ibnment, and after his Releafe, was 
 confined to Wallingford Houfe to his 
 Death, which happened in 1645, foon 
 after which he was buried in Covent- 
 Garden Churtb. 
 
 William Seymour, Marquefs of Hert- 
 ford above-mentioned, having been con- 
 ftituted Governour of Prince Charles, 
 (afterwards King Charles II.) and faith- 
 fully adhering to his Majefty King 
 Charles I. through all his Troubles, was 
 at the Reftoration of King Charles II. 
 by a fpecial A& of the firft Parliament, 
 
 reftored to the Title of Duke of Somer- 
 fet, by a Repeal of the Aft for the At- 
 tainder of Edward his Great Grandfa- 
 father. He died the Oftober following, 
 and was buried at Great Bedtuind in 
 Wiltshire, and was fucceeded in his Ho- 
 nour and Eftate by 
 
 William Seymour his Grandfon, the 
 Son of his eldeft Son Henry, by Mary t 
 Daughter of Arthur Lord Ca$el y who 
 died in his Life-time under Age; but he 
 dying unmarried 16*71. 
 
 J-ohn his Uncle, youngeft Son of the 
 firft William, came to this Honour, but 
 died without IfTue, and was buried at 
 Salisbury, in the Cathedral there, in 
 1675. To him, 
 
 Sir Francis Seymour Knt. Grandfon of 
 Edward Lord Beauchamp, and Earl of 
 Hertford^ Lord Seymour of Trotvbridge t 
 fucceeded. He was bafely murdered in 
 Italy, in 1687. for which diverfe Per- 
 fons were hanged in Efngie ; but left no 
 Hue, and fo 
 
 Charles Seymour his Brother, and Heir^ 
 fucceeded him in this Dukedom. He is 
 fti]l alive, and having married the Lady 
 Elizabeth Percy, fole Daughter and Heir 
 of Joceline Pery y the laft Earl of Nor- 
 thumberland, hath by her two Sons, one 
 living, viz.' Algernoon Earl of Hertford,. 
 and the Lord Percy, fince dead, with 
 fome Daughters. 
 
 z. Tie
 
 8so SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 l. The Baronets of this County, with the Time and 
 Order of their Creation. 
 
 Bar. 
 
 SIR John Porttnan Kt. created Nov. 25, 1612. to J-AC. I. 77 
 
 Thomas Philips of Barrington Efq; cr. Feb. \6 % 1619. 17 Jac. I. - izi 
 
 Baldwin Wake of Clevedon Efq; cr. Decemb. 5, 1621. i$Jac. I. 165 
 
 ^fcw Sydenham of Brlmpton Efq; Cr. yfy * 8 1641. 17 &>. I. 325 
 
 Sir Francis Hawley of Buckland Kt. cr. Aforcfe 14, 1643. 1 9 Car. I. ^ 440 
 
 Since made Lord Hawley, an /r//b Baron. 
 
 Andrew Hartley of H<?w/<?y Efq; cr. j^w* 3 i66&. iz Car. IT. . . jn 
 
 Maurice Berkley of Bruton Efq; cr. j f {x *> #"* 515 
 
 Since created Lord Fitz-Harding, an /r//fe Baron. 
 
 Hugh Smith of Long Afrton Efq; cr. May 15, 1661. 13 Or. II. > 645 
 Sir William Windham of Orchard Windbam Kt. cr. Decemb. 9. rf/tto. 685 
 George Trevilitin of Nettlecomb Elq; cr. y<*. 24. 
 
 Sir Charles Pym of Brimmore Kt. cr. Jw/y 14, 1663. J 5 ^ y - H - 7*9 
 
 y<> Teomains of Br//?,j/ Efq; cr. J^w- ii> 1664. 16 Car. II. - 755 
 
 Richard Ha flings- of Redlinch Efq; cr. Af/ry 7, 1667. 19 C<*r. 2. 790 
 
 Francis Warr of Heftercomb Efq; cr. y^/we 2, 1673. 25 Or. II. 804 
 
 Francis Windham of Tf*f Efq; cr. Nov. 1 8, <#f/0. - ..... So<j 
 
 HalfeweU Tynte of HalfeiueU Efq; cr. 7^. z6. </7o. - - 810 
 
 Sir y^ DnddleJ}on of Br/^o/ Kf. cr. jfatf, n, 1691. 3 G/. & A/<?r. 908 
 
 5. Gentlemen of Note, lorn or inhabiting in this 
 Shire, but at what Place is not known. 
 
 THomas Cogan, thought to be of the hind him the Chara&er of an able Phy- 
 
 fame Family with the Cogans of fician. 
 
 Chard. He was educated at Oxford in John Bond, one of the moft noted 
 
 Oriel College, where he was chofen Criticks in Greek and Latin Learning 
 
 Fellow in 1563, being then Bachelor of of his Time. He was bred up firft 
 
 Arts. Proceeding in that Faculty, he at Wickbam's School, from whence 
 
 cntred on the Phyfick Line, and com- removing to New College, he became 
 
 minced Bachelor of Phyfick in 1574, one of the Chaplains there, being a 
 
 foon after which he refigned his Fel- Bachelor of Arts, in which having 
 
 lowfliip, being chofen Head Maftcr of proceeded in 1579, he was foon after 
 
 Manchtfter School, where he alfopraftifed elcfted Mafter of the Free-School at 
 
 Phyfick with good Succefs. He died at Tannton y by the Warden and Society of 
 
 Manchejler, and was buried in the New College. In this Station he conti- 
 
 Church there, Anno i6oj, leaving be- nued many Years, exerciiing an admi- 
 rable
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 rable Way of Teaching, with fuch Di- 
 ligence and Study, that many left his 
 School fo excellently well grounded in 
 human Learning, that they proved 
 afterwards eminent in Church or State. 
 For the Ufe of his own School, he ad- 
 ded Notes to Horace, which have been 
 much made ufe of in other Schools, and 
 printed feveral Times, both in England 
 and beyond Sea, where they are much 
 admired and ufed ; and fince his Death, 
 his Son in Law Mr. Prows, hath pub- 
 limed his Notes upon Perfius, which 
 are of equal Ufe to Schools, and young 
 Scholars in the Univerfity, with the 
 former. Being tired with the Drudgery 
 of a School, and Age coming upon him, 
 he withdrew from that Employment, 
 and for hisDiverfion praftifcd Phyfick, 
 not defiring any other Gain than doing 
 good ; for he had an handfome Eftate 
 of his own in Taunton, and the Towns 
 adjoining. It is laid, he was made 
 chief Secretary to the Lord Chancellor 
 Egerton ; but we have no Certainty of 
 that. He died, and was buried in the 
 Chancel of the Church at Tauntcn, Aug. 
 3, itfiz. where was a Monument fee 
 over him loon after. 
 
 Samuel Daniel, a noted Poet and Hi- 
 ftorian, whofe Ingenuity being once 
 known, foon procured him Preferment, 
 being made Gentleman extraordinary, 
 and afterwards one of the Grooms of 
 the Privy-Chamber to Queen ANNE, 
 the Conlbrt of King jfames I. who much 
 favoured his poetical Genius, and de- 
 lighted in his Converfation The great 
 Commendation of his Writings was, 
 that he did happily reconcile Brevity 
 with Clearnels, Qualities much wanting 
 in fome Authors. He was very good at 
 fetting out a Mafque, or Play, and was 
 for his Ingenuity very acceptable Com- 
 
 pany to the great Men of his Tune ; as 
 Sir John Harrington, Mr. Cambden, Sir. 
 Robert Cotton^ Sir Henry Spelman, Benja- 
 min Join/on, &c. He wrote feveral 
 Things; but his Hiftory of England, 
 from the Roman Times to the End of 
 King Edward III.'s Reign, is the molt 
 famous ; toward the Ena of his Life he 
 retired to a Country Farm he had at 
 Beckington, near Philips- Norton in this 
 County, where having Ipentfome Years 
 in Solitude and religious Contempla- 
 tion, he died in 1619, and was buried 
 in the Church there. The Countefs of 
 Pembroke, Sec. who had been his Scho- 
 lar in her Youth, let a Monument over 
 his Grave, long after his Death. 
 
 Thomas Lyte, a Gentleman (as Mr* 
 Cambden delcribes him) ftudious of all 
 good Knowledge. He fpent fome Years 
 in the Univerfity of Oxford ; but his 
 Genius leading him to Hiftories and 
 Genealogies, he retired to Lytes-HaU in 
 this County, the ancient Seat of the 
 Family, and there bulled himfelf in 
 drawing up a Genealogy of King James 
 I. from Brutus, which he wrote with 
 fuch Curiolity upon Vellum with his 
 own Hand, that it was fairer than any 
 Print ; and adorned it with admirable 
 Flouriflies and Paintings of the Effigies 
 of the Kings and Queens. This Gene- 
 alogy he dedicated to King James I. 
 who, after a long and ferious Perufal of 
 it, gare the Author his Picture in Gold, 
 fet with Diamonds, with gracious 
 Thanks ; as alfo did Prince Charles, who 
 was exceedingly taken with it. Air. 
 Cambden peruied it, and highly com- 
 mended it. It was hung up in publick 
 in Whitehall He died in 1639, and was 
 buried near his Father in the Church of 
 Gbarleton-Makerel, where the Family 
 have a Burying-place in the North Iflc. 
 
 The
 
 832 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 The Natural Hiftory of this County. 
 
 NATURE hath as liberally fur- 
 niflied this County with all 
 Things neceflfary for the Life of Man, 
 as any almoft in England: The Air is 
 wholfome and pleaiant, notwithftand- 
 ing the Sea wafheth a great Part of the 
 Northern and Weftern Side ; the Soil 
 is fruitful both of Corn and Paftnre ; 
 but the Roads in Winter are exceeding 
 dirty and miry ; the Waters, of which 
 they have Plenty, are fweet and ufeful, 
 and Winter-firing is plentiful. To this 
 general Defcription there needs nothing 
 more to be added, but to ffiew, wherein 
 Nature hath fignalizcd its Favours by 
 fuch Gifts, as are not found in other 
 Counties at all, or not fo bountifully 
 given, of which this hath great Rcafon 
 to boaft. 
 
 1. The Air, though in this County 
 generally wholfome, is in fome Parts 
 exceeding fine, viz> on the hilly and 
 ftony Parts of the County, bordering 
 upon Wiltjhire. The Mendip hills, big 
 v.ith Treanire, raife the Peoples dwel- 
 lings above the foggy Exhalations, that 
 rife from the lower Grounds near Lakes, 
 Brooks and Rivers in more flat Coun- 
 tries. It is no where fliarp, as in many 
 other Counties; but is every where fo 
 gentle and mild at all Times, that fome 
 have thought the County takes its 
 Name from the Summerlinefs of the 
 Air, which though not exatly true ; 
 yet is an ingenious Derivation drawn 
 from long Experience of the Softnefs 
 und Plea&ntneft of the Air. 
 
 2. The Waters here are plentiful, fome 
 large Rivers fupplying all the Parts of 
 the County ; as the Eaftern Bordersby the 
 River Frame, and the little namelefs Ri- 
 vulets, which rifing out of the Mendip- 
 
 hills and other Places, empty them- 
 felves into it ; as alfo by the Springs of 
 the River Eruis; the Southern Parts by 
 the Rivers Evil and Parret, and Thane* 
 which rifing upon the Confines of the 
 County, run crofs it, and empty them- 
 fclves at one Mouth into the Sea ; the 
 Weftern Parts by the River Ex, and 
 the Rivulets, that from diverfe Places 
 empty themfelvesinto it; befides which, 
 all the great Rivers before-mentioned, 
 fall into the Sea on this Side ; and the 
 North is bounded from Gloucester fo Ire by 
 the Avon, which pafleth through Bath 
 and Brijlol, and fupplies all thofe Parts 
 abundantly ; but the Waters, which 
 the County is privileged extraordinari- 
 ly with, are the Mineral Waters, of 
 which the Chief are 
 
 i. The "Bath- waters in the City of 
 Bath, fo called from them. What the 
 Nature of thefe Waters is, which are 
 naturally hot, is not yet clearly deter- 
 mined by the moft inquifitive and inge- 
 nious Naturalift. It is pretty well agreed 
 by them, that they confift of a "Bitumen, 
 mtor and Sulphur, but how they come by 
 their great Heat is much controverted ; 
 and therefore we choofe rather to fct 
 down the diverfe Opinions of the Learn- 
 ed, than determine any Thing about it 
 pofitively. Some impute it to windy, 
 and airy Exhalations included in the 
 Bowels of the Earth, which by their 
 Agitation and Attrition upon the Rocks 
 and narrow Paflages, gather Heat and 
 impart it to the Waters. Others afcribe 
 it to the Heat of the -Sun piercing thro" 
 the Pores of the Earth, and fo warm- 
 ing the Water, which fome alledge as 
 the Reafon, why the Bath-Waters were 
 called Atjit.c Softs. Others refer it to a 
 fubterraaean tire kindled in the Bow- 
 els
 
 SOME R S ET S H IRZ. 83; 
 
 els of the Earth, and actually burning and weakneG of Nerves, StupefAcUons, 
 
 upon Sulphur and Bitumen. But thefe Relaxations, and violent Pains ; in all 
 
 Opinions have been long reje&cd by the which they give Eafe ; but exafperate 
 
 Learned, who moft adnere to one of the Pain of the Lues Venerea, except the 
 
 thefe Solutions, t>/t. That the Caule of Malignity be overcome by Phyiick. 
 the Heat of the Waters is the Fermen- Other Waters of an unufual Nature 
 
 tation of fevcral Minerals in feri ; but are found in this County in diverlb 
 
 to this it is objefted, that the Baths ha- Places : As i. at Eajt Cbenock there is a 
 
 ving been many Hundred Years, (one of Salt Spring above twenty Miles from 
 
 our Antiquaries fays, they were eight the Sea. 2. At Suwey on the Side, of < an 
 
 Hundred Years before Chriftj it is not Hill above the Church rifcs a large 
 
 likely that any Minerals fhould conti- Spring, that is never dry. The Water 
 
 nue in fuch a State of Imperfe&ion fo that comes from it, as it runs through 
 
 many Hundred Years : Wherefore this Stoivey, covers all Things, that it meets 
 
 Opinion feems to fome the moft proba- with in its Courfe, with a ftony Cruft, 
 
 ble, That two Streams having run or Shell. This Effe it has not in the 
 
 through and imbibed certain Sorts of very Source, nor within twenty Yards 
 
 different Minerals, meet at laft and from the Place where it rifes ; the 
 
 mingle their Liquors, from which Com- Place where it works moft, is about 
 
 mixture arifes a great Fomentation forty or fifty Yards from the Fountain, 
 
 that caufes Heat, like as we fee it is in at a Fall higher than a Man's Length. 
 
 Vitriol and Tartar, which being mingled There it fhcaths every Thing with ftony 
 
 beget an intcnfe Heat and Ebullition, Cafes, and makes the Sides of the 
 
 The Virtues of thefe Bath-slitters % Banks, by which it paflcs, an hard Rock, 
 
 ufed for Bathing, or Drinking, as the and from thence all along its Stream it 
 
 Doftors advife, are very great and be- covers Sticks with an. hard Cruft 
 
 neficial in Difeafes of the Head, as Pal- 
 fies, Epilepfes, and Convulfions ; in 
 cuticular Difcafes, as Leprofies, Itches, 
 and. Scabs; in all Obftru&ions of the 
 Bowels ; as Spleen, Liver, and Mefen- 
 tery, and the Schirrofity and Hardnefs 
 of thofe Parts : In moft Womens Dif- 
 eafes ; in the Scurvey, Stone, and in 
 cold Gouts ; but they have a contrary 
 Effe& in hot Gouts, caufing a Fit in 
 thofe that go into them, when it is not 
 
 At the Foot of CbedtUr-Cliffs rifeth a 
 great and clear Spring, which within a 
 Quarter of a Mile of the Source, drives 
 twelve Mills. 4. Out of the mineral 
 Mountains, called Mendip-Hills, arifeth 
 the River Frame, which is the Boundary 
 between this County and Gloucejler. 5. 
 The River Avon, after it has palfed the 
 Rocks famed for a Sort of counterfeit. 
 Diamonds, comes to Brijlol, which at 
 the vernal Equinox, or thereabouts, 
 
 upon them, and inflaming it, if they it furnifh.es with a Difh. not to be met 
 
 have it when they go in. In Childrens with any where but in this County, 
 
 Difeafes they are vejy ctfe&ual, parti- which is called there Elvers. Some 
 
 cularly the Rickets, curing them with- Time in the Spring every Year, the 
 
 out fail. They are very good for Wo- River about Cxinjbam is covered over, 
 
 men, that are apt to mifcarry, if ufed and coloured Black with Millions of 
 
 fo bi< 
 
 moderately, and facilitate Delivery. 
 The Women of the Town, as do alfo 
 theBath Guides, ule them ordinarily all 
 the While they go with Child, and 
 they are obferved never to mifcarry. 
 They are alfo of fingular Ufc to 
 ftrengthen broken Bones , and arc very 
 good in all cold and moift Diftempcrs, 
 
 little Eels, fcarce fo big as a Goofc- 
 Quill, though fome will have them a 
 particular Species of Fifh. Thefe with 
 fmall Nets they catch on the Top of 
 Waters in great Numbers, and by a 
 peculiar Way, which they have of or- 
 dering, ma4ce them fcour off their 
 Skins, which being ttrippcd off, they 
 N n. n n n look
 
 34 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 look very white, and then they make 
 them into Cakes, which they fry, and 
 eat them. They are accounted a Dain- 
 ty in other Counties. 6. At the Bottom 
 of St. Vincent's Rock near Brijlcl, upon 
 the Brink of the River Avon, is an hot 
 Well, -which though over-flowed at 
 very Tide, ftill retains its natural 
 Heat, and by its conftant bubbling 
 tip cafteth off the Scum, orfaltifli Froth, 
 which it might contraft by the Salt- 
 \yater. The YVatcr is exceeding whole- 
 fome, very good to purge away ill Hu- 
 jfcours, and fweeten the Blood. It 
 gives Eafe in the Stone, and is laid to 
 Kelp fore Eyes ; which makes it much 
 frequented by all Sorts of People. 7. 
 Mr. Paf.hal in his Letter to Mr. Aubrey, 
 (both curious Antiquaries) fpeaks of a 
 \Yell not above feven Miles from him, 
 (he lived at Bri/oJ) that by wafliing, 
 wrought a wonderful Cure on a Perfon 
 deep in the King's Evil ; but becaule 
 the Grafs was trod down by the many 
 that came to it for that or the like Dif- 
 eafes, the Owner ftopt it up. Mr. 
 Pafchal defigned to get it open again 
 and try it ; but whether he did or no, 
 we have not heard. 
 
 5. The Earth, bcfides its ordinary 
 Produftions of Grafs and Corn, which 
 feed and fupport great Numbers of In- 
 habitants in this populous County , and 
 Beafts as well wild in Parks, and War- 
 tens, as for the Plough, Pail and Butch- 
 er, yields many other beneficial and 
 extraordinary ones in divcrfc Places. 
 As i. About Bath, the Country is very 
 hilly and uneven, but the Hills ftand 
 in Order, for they are generally rocky 
 and ftccp from South Weft and by Weft 
 to North Eaft and by North ; and the 
 whole Traft of the Country for fix or 
 feven Miles abounds with Coal-mines, 
 more or leG. z. The Hills for the moft 
 Part afford a Free-ftone ; and on the 
 North Weft of Lanfdowriy the Stones 
 digged there are a Sort of Head-ftones, 
 commonly called Lysis, which is blue 
 and white, and polifliable. 3. The Soil 
 about Bath far fome Milcr, cfpccially 
 
 to the Weftward, as at Cojtofi, or there- 
 abouts, is fo very ftony, that when it is 
 newly ploughed, one would rather take 
 the Ridges for fo many pitched 
 Caufeys to walk on, than for a plough- 
 ed Land to ibw Corn on, fo little of 
 Earth is to be feen amongft the Stones 
 turned up by the Plough ; and yet they 
 have here moft excellent Wheat, tho" 
 perhaps not altogether fo much as upon 
 deeper Land. The Countrymen attri- 
 bute their good Crops moftly to the 
 Stones, and fay, That if they were car- 
 ried of, the Earth, left upon the hard 
 Rock would be fo little that it would 
 not coyer their Corn, and fo light, that 
 the Wind would blow it away. 4. In 
 the Mendip-Hitit are an Abundance of 
 Lead-mines ; and there is alfo Lead dlig 
 in Breadwett Dcww, and other Parrs 
 thereabouts ; but it is not fofoft, pliant 
 and equally fufile, as that in Berbyjl}ire t 
 and fo is not fo proper for Sheeting,, 
 becaufe when it is melted, it runs into 
 Knots, and therefore not being ufed by 
 London Plumbers, they know little or 
 nothing of it ; for being of an harder 
 Nature, it is generally tralnfported be- 
 yond Seas, and ufcd for Bullets and 
 Shot, for which Purpofe it is excellent; 
 and may Foreigners only have Occafion 
 for it. It is almoft .incredible what 
 great Sums of Money have been advan- 
 ced to the Bifhops of Bath and Wells, 
 by the Benefit of Lead, fince rhe later 
 End of Queen Elizabeth's Reign. Bi- 
 ftiop Still is faid to have had the Har- 
 veft, Bifliop Mottntague the Gleanings, 
 and Bifliop Lake the Stubble ; and yet 
 the Profit of Lead" to this laft was very 
 considerable, as it hath been alfo to 
 fome of his Succcflors. 5. About the 
 Weft End of the Mendip-hills is found 
 Plenty of Lapii Cnlaminaris, lying near 
 the Surface of the Earth. It is much 
 ufed in Phyfick, being very good for 
 clearing the Sight, as it may be artifi- 
 cially ordered ; but much more by Me- 
 talifts ; for being beat into Powder, and 
 mixed with Copper, Brafs is made of 
 the Compofition, which though it be 
 but a compound Metal, is ferviceable 
 
 for
 
 SO ME R S E ? SHIRE. 
 
 for many Ufes, for which Copper is 
 not fo good, bccaufc not fo hard. And 
 this is the Reafon, that Brafs is always 
 cheaper than Copper, though much 
 Art is employed to make it. It is be- 
 caufc the Lapis Calaminaris-Jtone, which 
 is not above Six-pence a Pound, mixeth 
 with the Copper, and fo renders it 
 cheaper. This Lapis Calaminaris was 
 firft discovered in this County, when 
 the Copper Mines were difcovered a- 
 frefti in Cumberland. 6. Between Bri/ol 
 and "Rrijtleton, which are but a little Di- 
 ftance from each other, and both fitu- 
 ate on the Ai/jn ; the Country affords 
 the fame Sort of Coal that is brought 
 from Newcafle ; as alfo in the adjacent 
 Places to Sir at ton and A4endip-liUs t which 
 afford a ftrong and cheap 
 
 4. Firing to all the County, and Parts 
 aear it. The Veins are covered with a 
 Shell of a black, hard and ftony Sub- 
 ftance, called Warke, which will fplit 
 like blue Slate, but is much more brit- 
 tle, and not near fo hard. Upon di- 
 viding this Warke, there is often found 
 upon the one of the leparated Surfaces, 
 the Shape of a Fern Leaf; but the 
 greateft Plenty of Coal is within five 
 Miles Northward of Sttny Eafton ; for 
 there are (as we are informed) fix di- 
 ftin& Coal-works, of which Mr. J. 
 "Beaumont, a curious Naturalift, made 
 fome Time fincgthefe Obfervatkms : i. 
 
 That there is a branched Cliff, which 
 ufually lies over the Coal, which is all 
 wrought with the Reprefentations of di- 
 verfe Sorts of Herbs, overwhich lies of- 
 ten aditf all interwoven with arborefccnt 
 fii.trchajites, which is called by the 
 Colliers, the Thorny Cliff, a. That 
 fomc Coal Veins are much more tinged, 
 with Sulphur than others , for a Vein 
 was wrought in one of thefe Works 
 fome Years fince, which received fuch 
 a Refplendcncy from its fulphurous 
 Tin&urc, that it fcemcd in all its Joints 
 to be covered as it were with Leaf- 
 Gold, from whence it was called by the 
 Colliers the Peacock's Vein. In one of 
 thefe Works was found about two or 
 three Hundred Weight of very good 
 Lead-Ore, tinged fomewhat Yellow by 
 the Sulphur, growing to a Vein of Coal, 
 which was accounted a great Rarity, 
 none having ever been found before in 
 a Coal-pit i becaufe the Sulphur in Coal 
 is too ftrong to produce Lead. In this 
 County alfo near the Mendip-kllls, arc 
 fome Veins of JMagtieJta, or Man^owfe 
 and TCcttow Oker ; and towards the North 
 in Cbew Magna t or Bifiofs Chew, is dug 
 up a Red Bolus, called by the common 
 People Redding, which from thence is 
 diftributed alt over England for the 
 Marking of Sheep, and other fuch like 
 Ufes ; and it is alfo ufed by Apotheca- 
 ries for Bolus Armentts* 
 
 N n n n n z
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 The'mow rare Plants and Herbs of this Comty 
 
 are 
 
 L' Ichen Marinas, Sea Liver wort, com- 
 monly called by the Inhabitants, 
 Laver, growing on the Rocks and Peb- 
 bles, which the Severn wafhes, efpeci- 
 ally, between Dunfler and Watchet near 
 Old Cleve. 
 
 Percepier, .growing in 'the Fields near 
 Cahtjham, naturally, and flourishing all 
 the Year round. It hath been fuppofed 
 an Herb peculiar to England in former 
 Times, (as Mr. Cambden fays) but Mr. 
 Ray, a modern and excellent Botanift, 
 affirms, that it is met with often in fo- 
 reign Countries. One taftes in it a Sort 
 of Tartnefs and Bittcrnefs. It is never 
 higher than a Span, and grows in 
 bufhy Flowers without a Stalk. It pro- 
 vokes Urine ftrongly and quickly, 
 and there is a Water diftilled from 
 it of great Ufe, as P. Pxna in his 
 JWif.ettanies upon Plants has obferved. 
 Thcfe are taken Notice of by Mr. Camb- 
 den, to which Mr. Ray hath added 
 
 Aria Tbeophrafti, or Sorbus Sifoeftris,- 
 White-bcam-trce, growing on the Rocks 
 over againft St. Vincent's Rock near 
 Briftol, and in many other hilly Grounds. 
 
 Afplenium, five Cetevach, Spleen- wort, 
 Miltwaft, or Cetrach, on the Stone- 
 walls about Briftol plentifully. 
 
 Carduus tomentofus Anglicus, English 
 woody.hcadcd Thiftle, in many barren 
 Fields in this County, particularly near 
 Mr. Saint Loe's Houfe. It is found in 
 feveral other Counties of England; but 
 in none fb commonly as in this. 
 
 Cijtus bumiles Alpinus Durior, Dwarf 
 Ciftus, or Sun-flower with Polcy-moun- 
 tain Leaves, found on Brent-downs near 
 the Severn Sea. 
 
 Colchlcum Anglicum purpureum, Mea- 
 dow Saffron found in fame Meadows a- 
 
 bout Batti, as alfb in other Counties in 
 the Weftern Parts. 
 
 Ecjuifetttm, Jive Hipparh lacuftr'u, Marih 
 Horfe-tail, found on a Bog by SmochaU^ 
 a Wood near Bath. 
 
 Ferrum equlnttm coniofum^ Tufted Horfe- 
 ihoe Vetch, growing on the Hills about 
 Batlj, and- between Bath and Aiarle- 
 borcugh. 
 
 Hedera Terreftrls Saxatllis, Stone- Ale- 
 hoof, in fome Places of this County, as 
 Label, and Parkinfon from IMS Authority 
 fays ; but Mr. Ray fears that it is not' 
 found here. 
 
 Lunaria minor, The 1 offer Moon-wort 
 growing about the Bath, and efpecially . 
 at a Place called Carey, two Miles from 
 Bruiton, in a dole by the Church-' 
 yard. 
 
 Ornitlagalam Angitjti folium fioribus vire- 
 fcentlltti, Spiked Star of Bethlehem, with 
 a green ifh- Flower, obferved on an Hill: 
 three Miles on this Side Brijlol in the' 
 Way to Bath, not far from Little' 
 Ajtley. 
 
 folytroflum maritimum noftras , Sea 
 Blood- wort, or Swine-grafs, found on 
 the Severn Shore, near Wejton fuper 
 JWare. 
 
 Polygonatum HeJlebori alii folio, & caule 
 purpurafiente, Solomon's Seal, with white 
 Hellebore Leaves, and a purplifh Stalk, 
 growing in the Woods on the North 
 Side of the Mendip-liUs. 
 
 Rapunculus corniculattts Mont anus, Horn- 
 ed Rampions, found between Stlbury- 
 l)iU and Beacon-bill, in the Way to 
 Bath. 
 
 Scorcdopraffnm prlmum Clujti, Great 
 round-headed Garlick of the Halms, 
 IJland, found growing plentifully there. 
 
 Vermicularis
 
 SO M E R SETSHIRE. 
 
 837 
 
 Vermicularis fratex minor ^ Shrub Stone- 
 crop, or Glafs-wort, found on the 
 Holms Ijland in the Severn Sea plenti- 
 fully. 
 
 Vicla Sihatica maxima, Great tufted 
 Wood-vetch, found in a Wood near 
 'Bath. 
 
 Vivgct aurea Maxima ferratis foliis, 
 Broad-leaved indented Golden-rod, found 
 plentifully by the Side of a fmall Ri- 
 ver, between WeJli and Glaftenbury. To 
 which we may add 
 
 Glaftum, or Glauflum Woad, upon Dr. 
 Fufter'S Authority, -who was informed, 
 
 that itgr.owc.th naturally in this County* 
 efpecially about Glajlenbtiry, which fome 
 will have to take its Name from ir. 
 It wijl grow on any rich Land, but it 
 much impairs it ; but we do not find 
 that it is natural to any County but this, 
 and here it can hardly be dcftroycd. 
 It was much ufcd by the old Eritains, 
 to paint their Ha.ces and Bodies, to ren- 
 der them formidable. Dyers ufe it 
 much, being color ad cdlorem, i. e. the 
 Stock as it were to graft their Colours 
 on, without which they'd prove fading. 
 
 The Ecclefiaftical Hijlory^ containing the Account 
 of the Bijhops of two Sees; viz. Wells and 
 Bath, ana Briftol, together with a brief defer ip- 
 tion of the Monafteries, Martyrs, &c. 
 
 Of the See of Eatb and Wells. 
 
 WELLS was made a Bi/hop's Sec 
 upon this Occafion. The whole 
 Nation being excommunicated in the 
 Reign of King Edward the Elder, (for 
 what Rcafon is not known) by Pope 
 Formofus, and having, by Rcalbn of the 
 Deaths of the fucceeding Popes, laid un- 
 der Excommunication fcven Years, in 
 which diverle Sees became vacant ; 
 King Edward ordered Plegmund, then 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury, to call & Sy- 
 nod to confult upon the prefcnt State of 
 the Church, and in it, it was decreed, 
 that whereas before, there was but two 
 Bifhopricks in the Weft-Saxon Kingdom, 
 Win^efter and Sbirburne, three new ones 
 ihould be ere&ed, viz- WeUs y Creditm, 
 and St. Petrock ; and that he fhould go 
 to Rome to procure the Excommunica- 
 tion to be taken of, and the new Bi- 
 
 ihopricks confirmed, which having ef- 
 fc&ed, he returned and confccmtcd fc- 
 ven Bifliops in one Day ; and into this 
 Sec 
 
 Aibelm a Monk of Glajtonlury was firft 
 inftallcd. He fate but feven Years and 
 w.as then removed to the Avchbilliop- 
 rick of Canterbury, upon the Death of 
 Plegmund. 
 
 fVifelinus, or as others write him, 
 JVolfbelmtts fuccceded him, Anm 915 
 and when he had fate nine Years, was 
 translated to Canterbury upon the Death 
 of Adelm. Polydore Virgil gives him this 
 Charafter, that he was famous both for 
 his Learning and San&ity : He crowned 
 King Atbeiftan. 
 
 Elfegus, orAtplegm, and Wolfhlmut id 
 fucceeded in this See after Wiftlln ; but
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 how long they fate, or -what they did, 
 is not known. 
 
 Britbelmus, A Monk of Gliftonburyi 
 was confecmed Biftiop of Wells in 958. 
 He granted the Jurifdi&ion of the cir- 
 cumjacent Country, to the Abbey of 
 Glajfonbury, and ordered, that the 
 Monks fliould have Bower to choofe an 
 Archdeacon yearly out of their own 
 Body, who fhould govern it. He upon 
 the Death oiEljinus, who died in his Way 
 to Rome, whirhcr he was going to be 
 confirmed in the Archbiflioprick, was 
 cle&ed Archbifhop by the Monks of 
 Canterbury. He was a good and prudent 
 Man, but being of a mild and com- 
 patUonate Temper, King Edgar t who 
 was rhen juft come to the Throne, did 
 not think him fit to manage fo high a 
 Station, where Severity was required; 
 and therefore obliged him to renounce 
 their EleHon, which he accordingly 
 did, and died in this Sec Anno 973. 
 
 Kineward, or KinewoM, the Abbot of 
 TA'idAleton in Dorfetjhire, was after him 
 made Bifhop of Wells the next Year. 
 He held this See eleven Years, and died 
 Anno 985. Florence of Worcester fays he 
 died in 97 j. but by fomc Miftake. To 
 him fucceeded 
 
 Sigaruj) or Sigebarttiy an Abbot of 
 Glajlonbury, who alfo fate eleven Years, 
 and died Anno 995. 
 
 Alvjyri) Adelvuiity or Ealfwin fuccecd- 
 ed him, and gave Place to 
 
 Eurwold, whole Monument yet re- 
 mains in the Church of Wefts ^ on the 
 South Side of the Quire. 
 
 Leaning fuccccdcd him, and was tranf- 
 .latcd to Canterbury in 1 002. 
 
 Etbel<wln obtained this See after him, 
 hut was ejcftcd out of it by Brithwin 
 for a Time ; yet was at length reftorcd, 
 . but died foon after. And 
 
 Uritb'tvin recovered it, and enjoyed it 
 without Oppofition ; but it was but for 
 a very fhort Time, for he died within 
 thirteen Days, and left his See to 
 
 Afereivitb, an Abbot of Gtajlonbury ; 
 buc how long he fate, we find not. 
 
 Dud:co, or Eodeca fuccccdcd him, a 
 "Native of Stxony, though others fay, 
 
 of Lora'in in Germany, and WAS confecra- 
 tcd to thii See, Anno 1051. He obtain- 
 ed the Manors of Cmgresbttry and Ba*- 
 weUy of King Edtvard the Confeflbf, 
 and added them to this See. He fate 
 Twenty-ievcn Years, feven Month*, .ntf 
 as many Days ; and is faid to have 
 been buried on the South Side of the 
 High Altar. Bifliop Gutonn iuppofeth, 
 that the higheft of the old Monuments, 
 which now ftands among the Pillars 
 without the Quire on the, South Sid, is 
 HudoeoSy became it is reafonabJe to be- 
 lieve, that though the Church is now 
 much enlarged, the High Altar flood 
 not far from this Tomb. 
 
 G/p, a Native of.Lowin fucceetled 
 him. He was King Edward s Chaplain 
 and Confeflbr, and was fent to Rome by 
 that Prince with AMrtd Archbifhop of 
 York, that he might confult the Pope 
 about fome Matters tlm were uneafy 
 to the King's Conscience. While he 
 was abroad, he was chofen Bifliop of 
 Wells, and confecrafed at Rome upon 
 Eafter-Vay, with Alfred, and Walter Bi- 
 fliop of Hereford. Befng come home, he 
 found his Church much impoverished; 
 for Harold the Queen's Brother, (who 
 was afterwards King) had deprived his 
 Cathedral of all its Ornaments, driven 
 away all the Prebendaries, and feifed 
 upon all the Farms Belonging to it, ia- 
 fomuch as thofe Prebendaries (which 
 were but five) which were not fled, were 
 forced to beg for a Subfiftence. This 
 Bifhop complained heavily of this In- 
 jury to the King, but as holy as fie was, 
 could obtain nothing from him ; either 
 for fear of Harold, or not willing to of- 
 fend his Wife ; but at length the King 
 granted him the Manor of Widmore, 
 and the Queen beftowed on him, out of 
 her own Patrimony, two Manors, viz. 
 JWerke and Modejley for his own, and his 
 Canons Maintenance. King 'Edward 
 being dead, Gifo immediately fled out 
 of the Kingdom, when he law that Ha- 
 rold had feifed on the Government, and 
 with his own Hands put the Crown on 
 his own Head ; nor did he return till 
 Harold was deprived of the Kingdom 
 
 and
 
 lid Life together, by the Norman Con- 
 queror. As foon as King WiKiam wa 
 crowned, he haftened home, and eafily 
 obtained all the Pofleflions of his See, 
 which HaroU had reifed, except a fmall 
 Parcel *of Land, which was made to 
 appear to belong to the Abbey of Ghtt- 
 ceftev ; but inftcad of it, the King bc- 
 ftowcd upon him the Manor and Church 
 of Tatton. He alib compelled one Eal* 
 fin* to rcftore the Manor of Wirijbam t 
 which he had fomc Way unjurtly got- 
 ten. Gifo being encouraged by this Suc- 
 ccfs, uled his utmoft Diligence to re- 
 cover other Eftatcs, which had been 
 unjuftly taken from his Church, and 
 get them confirmed by the King's Char- 
 ter ; for from a certain Courtier named 
 <i he regained the Manors of 
 i Littcn, and Combe St. Nicholas, 
 and obtained many Privileges of the 
 King, which it would be tedious to re- 
 cite. Having thus increafcd the Re- 
 venues of the Church, he augmented 
 the Number of the Prebendaries, and 
 that their Habitation might be more 
 convenient and delightful, he built 
 them & Cloifter to walk in, an Hall to 
 cat their Meat in, and a common Dor- 
 mitory, wherein to flecp; and made 
 one or them, named Ifaac, their Over- 
 leer, and named him their Provolt. 
 Growing old in well-doing, he yielded 
 to Mortality, having governed his 
 Church Twenty-eight Years, and was 
 buried on the North Side of the Place, 
 where the Altar at that Time Hood, 
 over againft Dudoco; and Dr. Godwin 
 doubts not, but among the ancient 
 Monuments now in the Church of Welti, 
 the Uppermoft on that Side is his, 
 whom Poftcrity ought gratefully to re- 
 member, for the many good Deeds he 
 did for that Church. He confccrated 
 Lanfranc y and was prcfent in the Synod 
 at London , Anno 1075. 
 
 J-wn^ Surnamcd De ViUult, fuccccded 
 him in this See. He was a Native of 
 Turcn, a Phyfician by Profcflion, but 
 of that Kind, which we at rhis Time 
 call Efnpiri-kS) having acquired his 
 
 Skill by Experience, not Study; as 
 Mulntilittry, who knew him, tells us. 
 He vras fo far from doing any Thing to 
 the Advantage of his Church, or Pre- 
 bendaries, that he rather fought how to 
 incommode them ; for he pulled down 
 the Cloifter, and other Buildings, which 
 Gifo had erc&cd, and in their Place 
 built a Palace for himfelf, and his Suc- 
 ccflbrs, fending his Prebendaries a- 
 mong the Townfrnen, to get them an 
 Habitation ; and though in his old Age 
 he was forry for what he had done; 
 yet he neither rebuilt the Prebendaries 
 Lodgings, which he had deftrcyed, nor 
 rcftorcd the Ground he had unjuftly 
 taken from them. But this was nothing 
 to the Injuries he did them, which we 
 are about to relate. He thinking ir, 
 (fays MaJtnsbury} little, or no Reputa- 
 tion to him to live in a Village of no 
 Note, contrived (without the Know^ 
 ledge and Confent of his Prebendaries) 
 to remove his See to Bath. But becaufe 
 he found no Way to efteft it in the Life 
 of the Conqueror, he brought it about 
 in the Reign of William Rufut his Son. 
 Nor was he therewith content, but he 
 converted alfb the whole City into his 
 own, and his Friends Ufe, having 
 bought that Part of it where the hoc 
 Waters rife, of King Henry for five 
 Hundred Pounds. King Qffa had be- 
 fore built a Monaftery there; and Ea- 
 gxr, as his Cuftom was, had enlarged 
 it, delighting much in the Plea&utnefs 
 of the Place, and the more, becaufe he 
 had been crowned there, fobn obtain- 
 ed the Abbey of the faid King without 
 great Trouble, and beftowed large 
 Sums upon it in Adorning it, and pro- 
 curing Books ; but was chiefly delight- 
 ed with the Company of fuch Monks, 
 as were moft eminent for Learning, 
 and officious to attend him ; for he 
 thought it would tend greatly to his 
 Honour to be much in the Company of 
 Learned Men. But he was more talk- 
 ative, and biting in his Difcourfe than 
 became his Station. He was of au 
 healthy Confutation, and expe::fiy2 as 
 
 well
 
 'M E RS ET SH I RE. 
 
 well upon himfelf as others. He died 
 very old Defemb. 9, 1112. when he had 
 fare in this- See Thirty-four Years, and 
 WAS buried in St. Peter's Church, which 
 he hjul built from the Ground at great 
 Expellee. For Andrew gave Place to his 
 Brother S'mon, the elder Brother to the 
 younger. But though this John remo- 
 ved the See of Wells to Bath ; yet Wells 
 was not wholly deprived of the Honour 
 of a See, as we fhall, God willing, 
 hereafter fhew. After him 
 
 Godfrsdus, who was the Queen's Chap- 
 Jain, at her earneft Requett, was raifed 
 ro this Bifhoprick. He was confecratcd 
 at London, Align ft ^6, 1 123. Bifhop God- 
 win fays, he had been Chancellor of 
 'Englar.d in King Henry I.'s Reign, but 
 through a Mitlake. He fate twelve 
 Years, and died Auguft 16, 1135. and 
 was buried at Bath. 
 
 Robert, a Monk of Lewis fucceedcd 
 him. He was born in Normandy, but of 
 F/amrian Paicnts. He was fcarccly well 
 lettlcd, when the Church, which -had 
 been built by John, was burnt. He 
 built it again as fine as ever, adding 
 many Ornaments that it had not before. 
 In the Civil Wars between King Stephen, 
 and the Emprefs Maud, he was a great 
 Sufferer. For having taken Jeffrey Tal- 
 fot, a Commander of Maud's Party, 
 Captive, when he ventured into Bath 
 in Quality ef a Spy, the People of 
 Urijtol (who favoured the Emprefs) rc- 
 f hived to fet him a Liberty, and in a 
 ftrong Body came to Bath', the Bifhop 
 rot dreaming of fuch an Attempt ; and 
 having feifecl him in the midrt of the 
 C'ity, carried him away, and imprifon- 
 ed -him in Brijlol Caftle, before any one 
 could help him. To free himfelf from 
 i his Captivity, he was forced to re 1 cafe 
 TalL-ft, which much inccnfcd King Ste- 
 phen, bccaufc he looked upon the Bifhop 
 to have been bribed, to the End, that 
 fuffciing himfolf to be taken Prifoner, 
 he might have a good Pretence of free- 
 ing .Taltof, who was a Man of great 
 Power, and a mortal Enemy to the 
 King. However, after fomc Threat- 
 cing>, ar.d no drift Imprifonmcnt, he 
 
 was at length fet free, and received ; in- 
 to the King's Favour. 
 
 In the mean while there arofe a great 
 Conteft among the People of Wells and 
 Bath about the Bifhop's Seat. The 
 Matter being referred to this Bifhop to 
 be compromifed, he ordered, that the 
 Bifhops of this Diocefe fhould be cal- 
 led, not Bifhops of WeUs, as they had 
 been of old ; nor of Bath, as they were 
 of late ; but taking their Name from 
 both Churches, fhould for the future 
 be named, Bifhops of Bath and Wells. 
 He alfo appointed, when the See was 
 vacant, that an equal Number of De- 
 puties, being ordained by each Church, 
 they fhould choofe a new Bifhop by 
 their .Votes, who fhould be inftallcd 
 both at Bath and Wells. John de VilMa 
 alfo placed in the Church at Wells a 
 certain Steward, his near Kinfman, 
 who under the Pretence of his Office, 
 was wonf to gather up all the Rents 
 and Profits of the Farms, and give the 
 Prebendaries but a finall Part of them. 
 This Curtom Robert amended, and that 
 he might free his SuccefTors from the 
 like Inconvenience, he took this Me- 
 thod ; he divided the Pofleflions of the 
 Church into two Parts ; one of which 
 he afligned for the publick Affairs of 
 the Church, with the common Confent 
 of the Prebendaries in Chapter aflem- 
 bled ; out of the other he appointed that 
 a Part fhould be allotted to each of the 
 Prebendaries, called a Prebend. He 
 then conrtituted one Ivo their Dean, 
 that he might prefide over the whole 
 Chapter, as their Head. He allb ap- "^ 
 pointed a Sub-dean to fupply the Place 
 of the Dean, when he was abfent ; as 
 alfo a Precentor, who fhould govern the 
 Quire of Singers, and his Deputy, who 
 fhould rule it in his Abfencc. He made, 
 alfo a Chancellor, who fhould inftruft 
 the younger Prebendaries ; as alfo a 
 Treafurer to take Care of the Orna- 
 ments of the Church. The Deanery, 
 Precentor, and his Deputy, were abo- 
 lifhcd by Aft of Parliament in King 
 Edward V I.'s Reign, to make a Deanery 
 much leis than the former. But we 
 
 muft
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 mud not forget, that the Church, which 
 had been built by King Ina, being now 
 much decayed by Age, and ready to 
 fall, was pullea down, and rebuilt by 
 this Bifhop in Part, and the reft fo well 
 repaired and enlarged, that it appear- 
 ed new ; yet not fo compleat, as to 
 leave no Room for his Succeflbrs Boun- 
 ty. He fate Twenty-nine Years, and 
 four Months, and ordered his Bo<ty to 
 be buried in the Church of Bath, to 
 the Wonder of many, fince he had 
 been fo great a Benefa&or to the Ca- 
 thedral of Wells. 
 
 Reginald Fitz-jfocelin, fo called be- 
 caufe he was the Son of one Jocelin, a 
 "Lombard, Bimop of Salisbury, who had 
 made him Archdeacon of Salisbury, 
 fuccceded Robert nine Years after his 
 Death. He was confecrated by Richard 
 Archbifliop of Canterbury, at St. John's 
 Town in Savoy, when he had not pafled 
 his Thirty-third Year of Age; but 
 Ralph de Dlceto tells us, that fbme were 
 firft obliged to fwear, that he was born 
 before his Father was made a Pricft, 
 and that he neither by Writing, nor 
 any other Aft, had any Hand in the Death 
 of Thomas Befket, bccaufe Jocelln his 
 Father had been fufpended by him. 
 Being fettled in his See, Anno 1 1 74. he 
 went to the Council of Lateran in 1179, 
 and afterwards became very a&ive to 
 promote the Intereft of his Church ; 
 for in 1 1 80, he obtained the Manor of 
 P'tlton of the Abbot of Glajlonbury , and 
 fettled.it on the Church or Wells, pro- 
 curing a Charter of Confirmation from 
 King Henry II. When King RLhard I. 
 went to the Holy War, he obtained for 
 his Chapter the Manors of North-Carry, 
 Wrentich, and Haahe, which are their 
 Maintenance to this Day ; and gave 
 'them to the Prebendaries of Wells to 
 augment their Incomes. He built alfo 
 an Hofpital for the Reception of fick 
 Perlbns, and Strangers, whofe annual 
 Rents were 22 /. 19*. 6d. ob. He made 
 the Churches of North-Curry, and Pery. 
 ton, which King Stephen had given to 
 the Church of Wells, into two Prebends. 
 He incorporated the Town of Wells t 
 
 841 
 
 and conftttutcd it a free Burrough, 
 which was before opprefled wi:h many 
 fervile Works, and procured them 
 many Privileges, which the Citizens at 
 this Day enjoy. He alib founded fevc- 
 ral new Prebends in the Church of 
 Wells, and did many other good Things 
 for the Churches of Bath and Wells. In 
 the Year 1191, he was ele&ed Arch- 
 bifliop of Canterbury, and much again ft 
 his Mind (as he declared) put in Pof- 
 feflion of that See by the Monks ; but 
 before he could get his Pall from Home, 
 died, not much more than a Month af- 
 ter his Election. To him fuccceded 
 
 Savaricus, Archdeacon of Northampton, 
 and Treafurer of the Church of Salis- 
 bury He Was chofen by the Monks of 
 Bath, without the Knowledge or Con- 
 currence of the Canons of Wells, and 
 was confecrated at Rome on Michaelmas 
 Day 1192. Soon after he was made 
 Bimop, it happened that King Richard 
 in his Return from the Holy VVar, was 
 taken, and kept Prifoner by Leopold then 
 Duke of Aujlria. Henry the Emperor 
 of Germany at that Time, was a-kin to 
 this Bimop, and when King Richard was 
 about to be redeemed by his Subje&s, 
 he infifted, among other Things, that 
 the Abbacy of Glajlonbury, being then, 
 vacant, fhould be annexed to the Bi- 
 moprick of Bath and Wells, in Ex- 
 change for the City of Bath, which 
 J-olon de Vtllula had bought of King 
 Henry I. for five Hundred Marks. This 
 Bimop being thus made Abbot of <r/.- 
 Jtonhury, removed his Epilcopal Sear 
 thither, and changing his Title, callcc 1 . 
 himfelf Bifuop of GLijl nbury, as long as 
 he lived. He turned the Churches of 
 Long Sutton and Ilmixfter into two Pre- 
 bends in the Church of Wells t and cr - 
 riched his See with many new Poflefli- 
 ons, confirming the Liberties of the 
 Citizens of Wells, which Reginald his 
 Predeceflbr had granted them. He &\ - 
 propriated the Archdeaconry of Bath 
 to the Prior and Convent of Bath, and 
 their Succcflors; but after him the Pre- 
 bend of llminjler, and Abbacy of Gla- 
 flonbury were taken from this See ; but 
 O o o oo thac
 
 &0 M.E R - 
 
 that of "E3g.5//tt0 was rcftored by Q. 
 Mary I. This Bilhop died 1205, and 
 was buried at Rath, much in Debt ; as 
 appears from Greg. Derret. /. 3. 
 
 focel'm of Wells was choion. into his 
 Sec, before the "Expiration of that Year. 
 He was hardly fettled, before Euftackius 
 the Prior, and the Monks, of Qlattwbtiry, 
 petitioned the Pope, that the Bifhop of 
 Bath and his Succeflbrs might be remo- 
 ved from rhe Government of their 
 Abbey for ever, and their Government 
 under an Abbot might be reftored, 
 according to its firft Initiation. 
 This Bifhop for fome Time defended 
 himfclf manfully ; but the King and 
 Nobles favouring the Monks, interpo- 
 fed by an Arbitration to compofe the 
 Difference, which was thus ended ; 11%. 
 That the Pope fliould by a fpecial De- 
 cree, which the Bifhop fhould fubmit 
 ro, determine their Controverfy ; That 
 the Bifhop fhould retain for himfelf, 
 and his. Succeflbrs for ever, the Manors 
 of Winfcomb, fuccleckurci', Blackford and 
 Cranmer, with the Advowfons of the 
 Churches of Winfcomby fucclechttrcb, 
 Anbury, Cbrift-Matftrd, Auckland and 
 Blackford ', and fo the Monks of Glnjlon- 
 lury were reftored to their 'former Go- 
 vernment under an Abbot ; and Jocelln 
 was reduced to the former Title of Bi- 
 liiop of Bath and Wells only, as his 
 -Predeceflbrs Robert and Reginald had 
 been called, and his Succeflors evpr 
 fince have been; but the Monks pur- 
 chafed their Privilege dear, the Bi- 
 Jhop gaining levcral Manors and Ad- 
 vowfons, for the Lois of. a Title. 
 
 This Controverfy was not long end- 
 ed, when this Bifhop, having with Wil- 
 liam Bifhap of London, and Euftacbiyt 
 Bifhop of Ely, by the Pope's Command, 
 intcixji&ed the Nation, was forced to 
 fly into France to avoid the King's 
 Difpleafii! c, and there continued five 
 Years, before he could be re-admitted 
 into the Realm. After his Return, he 
 applied himfclf wholly to adorn and 
 enlarge his Church of Wells, and to 
 that End conftituted fome new Prebends, 
 appropriated forae Churches to the TJTe 
 
 E fS H IRE. 
 
 of the Chapter, and be#owed on it out 
 of his own Eftate, the Manor of Winf-~ 
 comb. The Revenues of the Dignita- 
 ries of this Church were very imalj, 
 before he very much increafed them. 
 He fii-ft ordained Vicars Choral, who 
 were to fupply the Places of the Pre- 
 bendaries in figging and performing 
 Divine Service. He procured of Hugh 
 Bifhop of Lincoln the Manors of Con- 
 gresbuvy, Chedder and Axlrldge, to hold 
 of the King by a perpetual Fee-farm, 
 and joining with the faid Bi/hop of Lin- 
 coln, they fouKded the Hofpital of St. 
 Jobn at Wells, which being fupprefled 
 by Authority of Parliament, was given 
 to the Earl of Southampton, who chan- 
 ged it with Bilhop Clerk, for the Ma- 
 nor of "Dogmas field. ', and fo what was 
 taken from one Bifhtep, was given to 
 another ; but from him alfo it was foon 
 after taken. He built two Chapels, the 
 one at Wolty, and the other at Wells , 
 which laft he much enlarged, and being 
 much fallen to Decay, in after Ages, 
 Bifhop Mountague rebuilt, and added 
 many Ornaments to it. The Church of 
 Wells which (notwithstanding the Re-. 
 pairs that Bifhop Robert had made) was 
 almott fallen down; he pulled down and 
 built it not only larger, but finer, 
 With hewn Stone, and dedicated if three 
 Years before he died, which happened 
 in 1240, when he had fate Thirty-feven 
 Years, and was buried in th<? Choir at 
 Wells under a Marble Tomb. 
 
 Roger, loon after his Death, was cho- 
 fen into his See by the Monks of Batb, 
 who not regarding the Methods of E- 
 le&ions prescribed by Bifhop Robert, ex- 
 pe&cd not the Content of the Chapter 
 of Wells. He was the Precentor of the 
 Church of Salisbury, and by the Pope : s 
 Order his Confecration was haftened, 
 becaufe the Pope's Kinfman was to fue- 
 cccd him. The King, whofc Leave was 
 before had, admitted him to the Tem- 
 poralties, and fo he was fully fettled. 
 The Canons of Wells were much di- 
 fturbed'At it, and appealed to the Pope, 
 becaufe he had lately determined, that 
 the Bilhop of this Sec fhould be chofcn 
 
 by
 
 ME R S E 
 
 by an equal Number of Monks and Ca- 
 nons of both Churches: The Cone rove rfy 
 laltcd forae Time, but was at length 
 thus compounded- The Canons of 
 WeUi agreed to forgive the Monk* of 
 Bath this Injury, upon Condition, that 
 tbeie laft fliowld promife, that they for 
 the future would inviolably obfcrve rhe 
 Conftitution of Bifhop Robert. Roger 
 himfelf was very inftrumental in this 
 Agreement, and as a Recompence of 
 their Trouble and the Injury done 
 them, he granted them the Cuftody of 
 the Deanery of WeJls every Time of its 
 vacancy, how often, after whpt Man- 
 per, or whcnfoevcr hereafter it fhould 
 happen. He alfo gave them two Parts 
 of the Profits, Revenues and Incomes, 
 of all the Parifti-Churchcs in the Dio- 
 cefe of Bath, all the Time of their Va- 
 cancy, which heretofore belonged to 
 the Bifliop and his Prcdeceffors ; and the 
 third Part he gave to his Archdeacons, 
 that they and their Officials fhould ga- 
 fher the Revenues of the faid vacant 
 Churches, and anfwer for the two Parts 
 to the faid Dean and Chapter. He fate 
 but three Years, being the moft unhap- 
 py of all his Predeceffors in this See, 
 for fix Hundred Years, none of them 
 having fate lefs than fix Years. He was 
 buried at Bath. 
 
 William Bitten, or Button fuccceded 
 him, being chofen by the unanimous 
 Votes of the Canons of Wtlls, and 
 Monks of Bath. He was Sub- dean, and 
 Archdeacon of Wells. He had a great 
 Contcft with the Monks of Glajtonbury, 
 about the Farms which were taken 
 from them, when Bifliop Jocelin relin- 
 quifhed their Abbacy; but his Death 
 prevented the Recovery of them, tho* 
 the King much favoured the Monks. 
 He was often the King's Embafiador in- 
 to Spain and other foreign Parts, and 
 fpent a great deal of Money, as well as 
 Time in that Service, but mas not want- 
 ing to his See ; yet laboured all he 
 could to talce the Profits of vacant Li- 
 vings, given to the Dean and Chapter 
 of Welts, from then, and kept them a 
 long Time out of Pofleffion of the 
 
 HIR E. 
 
 8 4 3 
 
 Church of Congreibury, which Bifhop 
 Jocelin of happy Memory had given for 
 a common Augmentation of the Canons 
 Refidpnt of Wells, in the Vacancy. 
 The Dean and Chapter thus aggrieved, 
 appealed to the Court of Rome direftly, 
 and to the Archbifhop of Canterbury 
 mediately, who after a little Time and 
 fmail Expence, made Peace between 
 the Parties, and !b the Bifliop united 
 the Church of Congre^^y a-new to the 
 Chapters Table; and rheir Succeflbrs 
 quietly enjoyed the faid Church,. and 
 the former Donations abovementioned. 
 He called a fpecial Synod of the Cler- 
 gy, and made feveral Conftitutions, 
 called Synodal Conftitutions, to be ob- 
 fervcd in the Diocefe of Bath. He be- 
 ftowcd the chief Places and Offices in, 
 his Church upon his neareil Kindred, 
 and Neighbours ; for he made William 
 Button, his Brother's Son, Archdeacon of 
 Wells, and at length he obtained the 
 Biflioprick; Richard Button Precentor, 
 Hichoias Button his Brother, his Trea- 
 furer, and John Button his Brother, 
 Provoft of Comba, and Ile&or of^f/k- 
 bary, and Thomas Button, after Wi/tiam, 
 Archdeacon of Wells, from whence he 
 rofe to bc'Dcan of Exeter, and at length 
 Bifliop. He for the Health of this Bi- 
 fliop's Soul, gave to the Church of Weils 
 the Bell ufed for calling to hear Ser- 
 mong, as it ftill continues. He fate fe- 
 venteen Years, and was buried under a 
 Marble Tomb, in St. Mary's Chapel 
 in the Church of Wells, in ia'<J4, the 
 Year after he had appropriated the 
 Church of St. Mary at Stall ta the 
 Monks of Bath. After his Death, both 
 Chapters of Bath and Wells petitioned 
 the King for a Licence to choofe, 
 which being obtained, four of each. 
 Chapter met, and chofe 
 
 Walter Giffard, a Canon of Wells, the 
 Pope's Chaplain, May zz, 12^4, and he 
 was confecrated in the Abfence of Bo- 
 niface Archbifhop of Canterbury, by Peter 
 Bifliop of Htref.rd. He was made Lord 
 Chancellor in it<>5, having a Penfion 
 of five Hundred Pounds a Year allowed 
 O oo oo 2 Kini.
 
 S ME RS E r S H I RE. 
 
 him, He fate here but two Years, and 
 Was tranflated to fork. 
 
 WiUiam Button Archdeacon of Welh t 
 and Nephew of the abovementioned 
 WiUiam Button, was next elected to this 
 See, and the King foon after granted 
 hina the Tetnporaltics. He was a Per- 
 fon of fo great Piety, that when the 
 Pope had granted to Robert Kilwardby 
 Archbifliop of Canterbury cleft, to be 
 confecrated by what Orthodox Bifliop 
 he pleafcd, he fixed upon this Bifliop 
 above any, beCaufe he had the greateft 
 Reputation for S*nHty of any Man in 
 thole Times. He made feveral Statutes, 
 by which the Church of Wells is ftill 
 governed, and ordered among other 
 Things, upon mature Advice, that no- 
 thing of great Moment, which would 
 bear a Delay, fliould be determined in 
 the Chapter but in the four Embers. 
 He gave to the Chapter of Wells the 
 Church of Stoke-Gomer in 1271, upon 
 this Condition, that fifty Shillings 
 fhould be paid to a Chaplain, to pray 
 every Day for his Soul, and as much 
 yearly for his Anniverfery. He allb 
 gave to the Church of Wells, the Ma- 
 nor of Bicknaller. He died December 4, 
 
 1274. and lies under a Marble Tomb 
 en the South Side of the Choir ; which 
 the common People, who had a great 
 Opinion of his Sanftity, paid great Re- 
 verence to, and efpecially fuch as were 
 troubled with the Toorh-ach. After 
 his Death feven of each Chapter, ha- 
 ring the King's Licence to ele a Bi- 
 fliop, met in the Church of WelFf, and 
 ehofe 
 
 Robert Burnell, the Son of Robert, and 
 Brother of Hugh, Lords BurneH, which 
 Elcftion the King having confirmed, 
 the Archbifliop confecrated him April 7, 
 
 1275. He was at that Time in great 
 favour with King Edward, having been 
 of his Privy Council, Lord Treafurer, 
 and High Chancellor. He had gather- 
 ed immenfe Riches in the Offices he 
 bore, which he beftowed upon his 
 Kindred, and much enriched his Fa- 
 mily, but expended no fmall Sums up- 
 
 Buildings , for he erefted a large 
 
 and fpacious Hall in the Palace of 
 Wells, which in King Eduxtrd VI/s 
 Days, was pulled down by Sir John 
 Gates Kt. who in a Year or two, fuffered 
 the Punifhment of his Sacrilege, being 
 beheaded by Queen Mary I. for Trca- 
 fon. 'He is faid alfo by Jbme to have 
 built a Caftle at Afton-Ettrnell in Shrop- 
 Jhire, when he remored the Chancery 
 to Br/Jtol, that he mig'ht aflilt the King 
 in his Affairs with Wales. He acquired 
 the Churches of Jevelton, Burnham, 
 Stanion-drew and Coleworth for the Church 
 of Wells. He fate eighteen Years and 
 died in his Attendance upon the King 
 at Berwick, on the Borders of Scotland, 
 Oftob. 25, 1291, and was buried at 
 Wells, Nwemb. 23, following. 
 
 William deMarchia, or March fucceed- 
 cd him. He was then Treafurer of 
 England, and obtained the Temporaries 
 of his See, March 19, 1292. 21 Edw. i 
 He was removed from his Office of 
 Treafurer in 1295. In the ancient Re- 
 cords of this Church, there are diverfc 
 Letters written to the Pope and Cardi- 
 nals, and fubfcribed by the King, and 
 many Lords and Bifhops, in which the 
 great San&ity of this Bifliop, confirm- 
 ed (as they fay) by divcrfe Miracles, 
 is fo highly extolled, that they earneft- 
 ly defire he may be inferted in the 
 Kalender of Saints', yet tolydore Virgil, 
 out of Matth. of Weftminjler, tells us, 
 That the King being engaged in Wars, 
 which emptied his Treafury, this Bi- 
 fliop advifed the King to feife upon 
 many Sums of Money depofited in the 
 Churches and Monaiteries, telling him 
 it was no Sin to take them away for the 
 common Good, which he accordingly- 
 did, to the great Difcontent of the 
 People. The Bifliop bore the Blame, 
 (though it is probable, the King was 
 the chief AGor) and for that Reafon 
 was not admitted into the Pope's Kalen- 
 dar. He fate about ten Years, and was 
 buried under a Marble Monument, on 
 the South Side of the Cathedral, near 
 the Door that opens into the Cloifter. 
 Soon after his Death
 
 S M E R S Ef S HIRE. 
 
 Walter Hajelflww, Dean of Wells, was 
 ele&ed Bilhop of this See. He obtain- 
 ed his Confirmation by the Royal AC- 
 fent Aug. 13, -1302. 30 Edw. i. He fate 
 nine Years, and was buried under an 
 huge Marble Tomb in the Nave of his 
 Church, Northward near Bubwith'.s 
 Chapel. He made many Statutes, part- 
 ly while he was Dean, and partly while 
 he was Bifhop ; the greateft Part of 
 which are not yet difufed, but are in 
 Force at this Day. To him fucceeded 
 
 jfobn Drokensford, who at the Time of 
 his Eleclion to this Biflioprick was 
 Keeper of the King's Wardrobe, and 
 Under-Trcafurer, into which Places he 
 was chofen, in order to be fcnt to the 
 Court of Rome, being before Prebendary 
 of Wells, York and Southwell In 1312, 
 when King Edward went into France, the 
 Government of all England was commit- 
 ted to him as the King's Deputy. Be- 
 ing much enriched by thefe Places, and 
 greatly in Favour with the King,, he 
 adorned his See with many publick 
 Buildings, and enlarged the Privileges 
 formerly granted to his Biflioprick at 
 the Renewal of them. He preferred, 
 and enriched his Kindred, as Robert 
 Burnell his Predeceflbr had done. He 
 died at Dcgmers-feld in Hampjhjre, and 
 was buried at Wells in the Chapel of 
 St. Katharine, where he had a Month 
 before founded a Chantry, before the 
 Altar of St. John Baptift, may. 23, 1329, 
 He fate twenty Years, three Months and 
 nine Days. 
 
 Radulphus dl Salopia, foon afrer his- 
 Dcceafc, was unanimoufly chofen into 
 this See by the Canons of Wells, and 
 Monks of Bath, and being confirmed 
 by the Archbifliop, was admitted foon 
 after to the Tcmporalties, and confe- 
 crated, notwithftanding the Refcrva- 
 tion of all the Bifhopricks, which Pope 
 John XXII. had made to the Apoftolick 
 See. Thefe Proceedings fo much offend- 
 ed, the Pope, that he caufed Radulphns. 
 to be accufld of poflefling his See by 
 Force, and againft the King's Content, 
 (for the King had indeed written to the 
 Pope about another) and by that Fetch 
 
 extorted a great Sum of Money from, 
 him (as Waljingbam fays) to make his 
 Peace. Having thus made himfelf cafy 
 in his Sec, he became a great Benefac- 
 tor to it ; for he founded a College for 
 the Vicars, and endowed if with the 
 Manor of IJlif, and appointed a certain 
 Stipend of fix Pounds, thirteen Shil- 
 lings and eight Pence, to be paid to it 
 yearly by the Vicar of Chew. This 
 College was much enlarged afterwards 
 by Bifhop Eeklngton ; but was, abo.ut the 
 Time of the Reformation, feifcd on a- 
 inong the Religious Houfes, which 
 Queen Elizabeth being difpleafed at, 
 founded this College, and the Cathe- 
 dral Church a-new, of which there is 
 a Alemorial in Verfc yet ftanding in the 
 Hall, compofcd by the Vicars of her 
 Time. He alfo built a convenient Ha- 
 bitation on the Weft Part of the Cloi- 
 fter for the Chorifters to dwell in under 
 the Care of their Teacher, and caufed 
 it to be confirmed to them, and their 
 Succcflbrs by the King's Charter. Ho 
 alfo built the Church at Winfiomb, a 
 alfo fome Houfes at Claverton, and a fine 
 Hall at Everchlrch, and many other Edi- 
 fices upon the Eftatcs belonging to the- 
 Biflioprick. He inclofed the Palace of 
 Wells with an high Wall, and a broad 
 Ditch, into- which he let the River that 
 ran near it. He united the Church of 
 Chew to his See, for the Maintenance of 
 the Bilhop's Table, referving to him- 
 felf, and his Succeflbrs, the Tithes of 
 the demefn Lands only, and the Lord- 
 fhip of the whole Parifli ;. the other 
 Tithes, and Revenues belonging to the 
 Church of Chew, he afligned to the Vi- 
 car of Chew for the Time being, on 
 Condition that he fliould pay to the- 
 Priors and Chapter of Bath twenty 
 Marks of new Rent, and five of old ;, 
 and five Marks more yearly, to be di- 
 vided among the Under-Ofncers of the 
 Church of Wells, upon the Day of his- 
 Obtt. He procured of the King, that . 
 the Manors of Cheddar and Axkridge^, 
 which were then in the Foreft of Men 
 dip, fliould be disforefted, and fenced 
 ouc of ir, he being at the Charge of 
 
 hunting,
 
 M E R S E ?S HIRE. 
 
 hunting and deftroy ing the wild Beafts, 
 which was a Work much applauded by 
 the People, who fuftered much from 
 the Infults of the Forefters. He held 
 the Chaneellorftiip of Oxford fome Time 
 with his Bifhoprick, and gave many 
 Veftments, and other Things to his 
 Church ; but in Bifhop Godwin's Time 
 there were none of them remaining, 
 but a large Chett with Iron Hoops. He 
 abounded in Works of Charity, and 
 gave himfelf up wholly to doing good 
 all Manner of Ways. He died at Wi- 
 vi'!fcoib, A:tg. 14, 1363- after he had 
 been Bifliop of this See Thirty-four 
 Years, and was buried under a Tomb 
 *>f Alabaiter in the Body of the Church, 
 which had his Effigy lying on it, and 
 was inclofed with an Iron Pallifade, but 
 it is now taken away. 
 
 John Barnet Lord High Treafurer of 
 England, and then Bifhop of Worcefter, 
 was foon after his Death tranflated to 
 this See by the Bull of Pope Urban V. 
 The fame Year Walter de Monyngton Ab- 
 bot of Glaftonbury, had been chofen by 
 the Monks of Bath, without the Con- 
 currence of the Canons of Wells, which 
 Ele&ion being rejected, as irregular 
 and unlawful, by Simon Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury, John Barnftvtas placed in it. 
 While he was Birtiop of this See, he 
 gave to the Church of St. Paul's London, 
 a Water-mill, Ninety-eight Acres of 
 Land, and a yearly Pennon of Forty- 
 four Shillings, on Condition that a 
 Hymn fhould be fang, and the Prayers 
 to the bleflcd Virgin, and pro Def unfits 
 be faid daily before the Virgin's Image. 
 When he had fate about three Years in 
 this Sec, he was by the fame Pope's 
 Bull tranflated to the Bifhoprick of 
 Ely, and was fuccecdcd in this See by 
 
 John de Hare-well, Chaplain to Prince 
 Edward, (commonly called the "Black 
 Prince) who obtained this Bifhoprick 
 for him. He was Chancellor of Gafcoign, 
 and was confecrated in the Church of 
 St. Severine, by Elias Bifhop of Bottr- 
 deaux, and two other Bifhops, Adar. 7. 
 1366. He contributed two third Parts 
 or the Charge in building the woftern 
 
 Tower on the South Side of the Church 
 of Wells, and paid an hundred Marks 
 for the Glafs of the Weft Window of 
 the faid Church. In the faid Tower 
 alfo he bung two great Bells at his own 
 Charge. He alfo gave to this Church 
 a Mifial which coft him twenty Pounds, 
 and diverie Veftments of great Value. 
 He fate nineteen Years in this See, and 
 dying Anno 13815, was buried in the 
 Cathedral of Wells, before the Altar of 
 St. Kalixtus, under a Fine Alabafter 
 Monument, but now much defaced by 
 ill Men. To him fuccecded 
 
 Walter Skirlaiv, Bifhop of Coventry and 
 Lidfeld, being tranflated from thence 
 by Fope Urban VI. to this See, which 
 he obtained by the Interceflion of the 
 rebellious Barons, whom he is faid to 
 have favoured too much. When he 
 fate here near three Years, he was by 
 the fame Pope removed to Durham, 
 where when he had fate eighteen Years, 
 he died Anno 1406, leaving great Sums 
 to the Cathedral Churches, where he 
 had prefidcd, and particularly to this 
 of 'Wells and 1 50 Pounds to buy Orna- 
 ments for it, to be ufed on his Obit. 
 
 Ralph Erghum, a Do&or of Law of 
 Oxford, fucceeded him. He was confe- 
 crated Bifliop of Salisbury at Bruges in 
 Flanders, December 9, 1375, where after 
 he had fate twelve Years, he was tranf- 
 lated by Pope Urban VI. to this See. 
 He appropriated the Reftory of Puckle- 
 chifrch to the Chapter of Wells, and fifty 
 Marks to enable them to bear the Ex- 
 pences of the faid Union to their 
 Table, and other Charges , and beftow- 
 cd upon them a Meffuage, or Inn, in the 
 City of Wells, called the George, for o- 
 ther Ufes by him appointed. He alfb 
 gave i 50 Pounds to be laid out in Orna- 
 ments for the Church, with which were 
 bought a Chalice and Patten, a Miflal, 
 two gilt Bafons, &c. He died April 10, 
 1401. and lies buried near the Chapel 
 of St. Edmnnd the Bifhop. By his Will 
 he ordered his Executors to build a 
 College at Wells for fourteen Priefts, at 
 the End of the Street, called from 
 thence Colitge-lane, whom he ordered .to 
 
 celebrate
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 8 47 
 
 celebrate divine Service daily in the 
 Church of Wills. He alfo, in 1399, 
 founded a Chantry in the laid Church, 
 for the Souls of Gilbert and Agnes his 
 Parents, and of Agnes Rob at his Sifter. 
 He (ate twelve Years in this See, and 
 
 Henry Bowet fuccecdcd him. While 
 this Bifhoprick was vacant, the Pope 
 by Way of Provifion, beitowed it upon 
 Rhbard Clifford, -Archdeacon of Canter- 
 bury ', but the King refufing to refign 
 the Temporalties to him, he yielded it 
 up to this Henry Boivet Do&or of Laws, 
 Prebendary of Wells, -who was chofen 
 both by the Monks of Bath and Wells. 
 He had been many Years, before he 
 was Bifhop, a ftedfnft Adherent to Henry 
 Duke of Hereford, afterwards King Henry 
 IV. iufomuch that in 1398, he had been 
 condemned for High Treafon by King 
 Richard II. 's Order; but his Life was 
 fparcd on Condition that he fhould go 
 into Banimment. With King Henry he 
 returned into England, and obtained 
 this Bifhoprick Reg. 3. Being foon- after 
 made Lord Treafurer, he made J-obn 
 Greenlaiv his Suffragan. In 1406, he 
 conducted the King's Daughter into 
 Denmark to be married to that King 
 For which and other Services he was 
 tranflatcd to York by the Provifion of 
 Pope Gregory XII. at the King's Requeft ; 
 afrcr he had fute eight Years here. 
 
 Nkhalxs Bubwitb was his Succeflor. 
 He had been Bifhop of London, and 
 Treafurer of England; but was content- 
 ed to leave thefe honourable Places, 
 that he might obtain the Biflioprick of 
 Salisbury, which he alfo wijlingly left, 
 when lie was tranflatod, by the Provi- 
 fion of Pope Gregory, to this Sec. In 
 the Year 1414, he was font to the 
 Council of Conftance, where he was one 
 of thofe thirty Perfons, who by the De- 
 cree of the Council, were added to the 
 Cardinals to ele& Martin V. Pope. Be- 
 ing returned to his own Coun.ry, he 
 built and endowed an Alms-houfe en. 
 the North Side of the Parifh -Church. 
 of St. CHtbbtri at Wells, w-bich one 
 Stcrthwayte made great Additions to ; 
 and the Bifliops Eoitro and 
 
 augmented a little. If maintains 
 ty-four poor People, partly Men and 
 partly Women. He alib in 1423, ap- 
 propriated to the Church of Wells, the 
 Re&ory of Buckland-Abbati&,'in the Dio- 
 cefe of Strum, but the Patronage of it 
 belonged to this Sec, to fuftain three 
 Chaplains, who fhould pray daily for 
 his Soul, at the Altar eroded by him 
 in the Nave of the Church. He alfo 
 built a Fine Library on the Eaft Side 
 of the Cloifter ; and in 1314, he ereft- 
 cd a neat Chapel between two PiJlars 
 in the Nave of the Church over a- 
 gainft the Desk, and was buried in it ; 
 having before founded a perpetual 
 Chantry there, and given a Salary to a 
 Prieft to fay Mais for his Soul. He is 
 alfo thought to have laid out great Sums 
 in building a Tower for Bells on the 
 Weft Side of the Church, bccaufe hi; 
 Arms appear cut on it in diverfe Places, 
 He alfo obtained a Royal Confirma- 
 tion of the Privileges of his Church,- 
 and enlarged it with new ones. He died 
 Ottob. zy, 14:4. and left his See to 
 
 John Stafford, who fucceeded him by 
 the Pope's Provifion. He was dcfcend- 
 ed of the prime Nobility, being the 
 ninth Son of Humphry Stafford, Earl of 
 Stafford, and afterward Duke of Buck* 
 ingbam,&nd a Perfonofno mean Learn- 
 ing, for which he was thought worthy 
 of great Preferment. For being at firtt 
 an Advocate only, he was made his 
 Vicar General by Henry Archbifhop of 
 Canterbury, who added the Deanery p 
 St. Martin's, London, and Prebends ia 
 the Churches of Lincoln and Salisbury.. 
 King Henry V. made him Keeper of 
 the Privy SeaJ ; and Henry VJ. Lord 
 High Treafurer; which Office lie left 
 four Years after, in 1416". Nicholas 
 Bubwitb created him firft a Prebendary, 
 and then Dean of Weils', and after his 
 Death he fucceeded in this Bifhoprick, 
 to which he was confecraied in the 
 Church of the Friars Preachers London. 
 In 1432, he was made Lord High 
 Chancellor of England, which great 
 Office he held till the Year 1450; and 
 becaufe he \vus hindrcd thereby in dif- 
 
 chargmg.
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 charging his Epifcopal FunGion in his 
 Diocefc as he ought:, he fubftituted John 
 Biih.ofO/*;hisSuf!ragan,ini437, While 
 he continued Bifliop of this See, Henry 
 Archbifliop of Canterbury, being very 
 old, wrote a Letter to Pope Eugenins, 
 carneftly petitioning him to let him 
 refign his Bifhoprick, at the fame 
 Time commending this John Bifliop of 
 Wells, as the fitted: Perfon in the King- 
 dom for that Dignity, not only upon 
 the Account of his Learning, and emi- 
 nent Virtues, but the Nobility of his 
 Birth, his great and powerful Kindred 
 and Relations, and generous Hofpitali- 
 ty ; to which purpofe King Henry had 
 before wrote to the Pope- But Henry 
 did not refign the Archbiflioprick be- 
 fore his Death, bccaufe it happened 
 foon after, viz.- in 1443, and J-chn 
 Stafford was removed to Canterbury by 
 the Pope's Bull, and admitted by the 
 King foon after to the Temporaries ; 
 whereupon 
 
 Thomas de Bekington, a Perfbn of emi- 
 nent Learning, and a Patron of learn- 
 ed Men, fucceeded him. He was born 
 at Bekington in SoHtafttJbir*, educated 
 firft at Wickham College, and thence re- 
 moved to New College Oxford, where he 
 was Fellow ; and having commenced 
 Dr. of Law, became Chancellor of that 
 Univerfity. Being called to Court ro be 
 the Tutor of K. Hen. VI. he was after- 
 wards his Secretary, and then many 
 Dignities flowed in upon him, for he 
 Kvas made Dean of the Arches, Chan- 
 cellor of Humphry Duke of Glcu:ejler, 
 Archdeacon of Buckingham, Prebendary 
 of r^and Wells, and Rea O r of St. 
 Leonard's near Hajtingr in Suffex, and 
 Sutton in the Diocefc of Salisbury. 
 "While he was Dean of the Arches, he 
 wrote a Book to prove the Right of 
 our Kings to the Throne of France, rot- 
 v/ithftanding the Salinas Law ; which 
 got him great Favour with the pious 
 .King Henry VI. and afterwards many 
 Honours ; as thole of principal Secre- 
 tary of State, Keeper of the Privy 
 Seal, and at length the Picfi Icncy of 
 this Church, to which he was confccra- 
 
 ted in the Chapel of Eaton College, which 
 though not quite finifhed, was yet dedi- 
 cated at the fame Time, and this Bi- 
 fhop read the firft Mafs in it. He was 
 a Perfon of incredible Diligence, and 
 of as wonderful Difpatch in Bufincfs ; 
 as appears from the large Volumes of 
 Letters, Inftruftions, Speeches, and 
 Confederacies, either written, or col- 
 le&ed by him, which yet remain in the 
 Archbimop's Library at Lambeth, and in 
 the Cotton Library. Being fettled in this 
 See, as a Reward of his former Ser- 
 vices, he was ftill imploy'd fo much in 
 the National Affairs, that he found it 
 neceflary to ordain himfelf a Suffragan, 
 viz. Jacobus, Bifliop of Alchaden in Ire- 
 land, and when he was made Bifliop of 
 Bangor, *}okn a Canon regular of St. 
 AugHJline ; yef this did not prevent his 
 being a Benefaftor to his See ; for he 
 built the Row of Houfcs, called at this 
 Day the New Works, (which reach 
 from the Market-place of Wells, to the 
 outward Gate of the Bifliop's Palace) 
 and being built gave them to the Chap- 
 ter of Wells. He creeled alfo in the 
 middle of the Market-place a Conduit 
 of Water for the Ufe of the Citizens, 
 which fie fetched from a Fountain cal- 
 led St. Andrew s Well, to be a perpe- 
 tual Supply of Water for the People. 
 He alfo built the Weft Side of the Cloi- 
 fter, a,s his Arms drawn upon the Roof 
 do tcftify : Lincoln College Oxford, which 
 Richard Flemmlng Bifhop of Lincoln left 
 unfiniflicd, he compleated and much 
 enlarged, by giving twoHundred Pounds 
 to it, by which the Rc&or's Lodgings, 
 and the South Side of the firft Court 
 were built ; and to perpetuate the Me- 
 mory of his Benefaction, he caufed the 
 Symbol of his Name; viz- a flaming- 
 Beacon, and a Tun, to be fixed upon 
 the Walls. He fpcnt fix Thoufarid 
 Marks upon the Bifliop s Palace in re- 
 pairing and adorning ic. In his Time 
 the Quarrel with the Monks of Glaflon- 
 lury, about his vifiting their Monaftery, 
 revived ; but what End it had, we find 
 not. In his old Age he made his Will, 
 and gave many large Legacies to di- 
 
 verfe
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 849 
 
 verfe Pcrfons and Places, (which fee at 
 
 Length in Godwin de TrffuL p. 434.) but 
 
 fearing that King Edward IV. ihould 
 
 feife on his Effefrs after his Deccafe , 
 
 becaufe he had always flood up for King 
 
 Henry his good Mafter, and the Lanra- 
 
 jlrian Title ; he at great Expence pur- lent on diverfc EmbalTics, and employ *d 
 
 chafed the Confirmation of his Will un- for fome Years in Matters of the great- 
 
 dcr the great Seal, that all his Legacies 
 
 might be paid. He died J-an. 14, 1465. 
 
 He was a firm Adherent to the Family 
 of Y<.rk, and did all he could againft the 
 Houfe of Lancafter, which procured him. 
 great Favour with King Edward, IV. 
 and with it (as a neceflary Coniequence 
 of it) great Preferments; for ha was 
 
 great- 
 eft Importance to the Kingdom. He is 
 laid to have fallen under the King's 
 
 and was buried in the Chapel which he Difpleafure, for aflerting, That he had 
 had ere&ed in his Church, in Honour c'poufed him to the Lady Elizabeth Tal- 
 of the Virgin Mary, and St. Thomas the 
 Martyr, where he had foleir.nly confe- 
 
 bet, alius Boteler, before he married the 
 Lady Elizabeth Gray ; becaufe that made 
 
 crated his own Tomb; in this, cfpeci- his Children, by his laft Lady, illegiti- 
 
 ally, being unhappy, that he had lived mare, and to have endured for it a 
 
 to fee his Pupil, and King, Henry, depo- long Imprifonmcnt ; but was reconciled, 
 
 fed from his Throne, and confined to a 
 
 Prifon four Years before his own Death. 
 
 He had for his Succeflor in this See 
 Robert Stillington, by the Death 
 
 John Phrea, or Free, Mafter of Baliol 
 
 College, Oxford, whom Pope Paul by 
 
 his Provision had preferred to this See. 
 
 He was born at London, and educated at 
 
 Oxford, where having attained a great 
 
 Skill in the Latin and Greek Tongues, 
 
 by the InftruGion of Warln an excellent 
 
 Orator, and other curious Parrs of 
 
 Learning , he travelled into foreign 
 
 Nations to vifit their Univerfities. He 
 
 pra&ifed Phyfick at Farrara, Florence, 
 
 and Pajfaw, and at length came to 
 
 Rome, where coming into an Acquain- 
 tance with the greateft Men upon the ing of his Nephew's being in Cuftody 
 
 Account of his Learning, he was taken with Sir William, came over privately, 
 
 Notice of by Pope Paul II. to whom he and going to Ragland-Cajlle, as a Friend 
 
 dedicated his Tranflatipns of diverfe 
 
 antient Greek Hiftorians into Latin; by 
 
 and recovered his Favour by the Pay- 
 ment of a round Sum ; but be that as it 
 will, this is certain, that his Zeal for 
 of King Edward, and his Family, brought 
 upon him much Trouble, and in the 
 End a miferable Death, as will now ap- 
 pear from this Account of the publick 
 Affairs. Henry Earl of Richmond was 
 the only Claimant of the Crown by the 
 Lancajlrlan Title, of whom King Ed- 
 ward being jealous, apprehended him, 
 being then but five Years old, and com- 
 mitted him to the Keeping of Sir Wil- 
 liam Herbert, Lord of Raggland Caftle ill 
 MonmoutMure ; but he remained not 
 long there, for his Uncle Jafter Earl of 
 Pembroke, who w r as then in France, hear- 
 
 which the Pope took himfclf fo much 
 
 found the Lady Herbert only there, 
 with whom he dealt fo cunningly, that 
 he got away the Earl of Richmond, and 
 
 obliged to him, that he beftowed this carried him to his own Caftle of Pern- 
 Biflioprick on him after the Death of broke; and from thence, when the King 
 
 ordered Sir WlUlam Herbert to befiege 
 that Caftle, and recover the Earl of 
 Richmond, he fled privately with him, 
 designedly for France, but was by con- 
 trary Winds carried to St. Afahs, and 
 
 Bekinton, but he lived not to enjoy it ; 
 for within one Month after the Dona- 
 tion he died at Rome, not without a 
 Snfpicion that he was poifoned. Robert 
 Stillington, Do&or of Law of Oxford, 
 
 Archdeacon of Taunton, firft, Keeper of fo fell into the Duke of Britain's Hands, 
 the Privy Seal, and then Chancellor of who thought to make this Advantage of 
 England, was by the Intereft of King him ; (for he kept both his Uncle and 
 Edward IV. canonically chofen Bifhop him Prifoners, though with an honour- 
 of this See, and confecrated April 1465. able Treatment; viz* either to oblige 
 
 P p P P p the
 
 SOME R $ E <f S H I R E. 
 
 8)0 
 
 the King to a firm, Amity with him, or 
 at leaft not to dare to make any Breach 
 with him : King Edward was not a little 
 plcafed, when he heard that the Earl 
 of Richmond (the only Perfon he fear- 
 ed) was in the Power of the Duke of 
 Britain, his Friend and Ally, in whom 
 he thought his Intercft fo great, that 
 he could not doubt but he mould gain 
 him, upon his Demand ; which to 
 make, with Succefs, he firft difpatched 
 Letters to the Duke with rich Prcfents, 
 and large Promifes, which the Duke 
 received with much Complaifancc, and. 
 ibon after fends 
 
 This Dr. StlHington, his Secretary, a 
 Perfon of Wit and Eloquence, and of 
 sreat Credit with the Duke, and then 
 Bifhop of Bath and Wells. The Duke 
 received him with much Refpeft, 
 which the Bifhop fo much increafed 
 by a great Prefent, an Affurance, that 
 the King had ele&ed him into the 
 Noble Order of St. George, and a De- 
 claration, that the King had no other 
 Intentions towards the Earl of Rich- 
 mond, but what was agreeable to his 
 Worth and Quality ; (for he purpofed 
 to bcftow one of his Daughters upon 
 him) that the Duke delivered the Earl 
 into the Bifhop's Hands at St. Male's ; 
 but Companion wrought a wonderful 
 Deliverance for him. The Duke's 
 Treafurer Pier de Landois, and the Earl 
 of Chandos, moved with the Sighs and 
 Tears of the young Earl, fo contrived 
 his Efcape, that the Duke was perfua- 
 ded to recover the Earl by Force, and 
 in the mean Time he was fecured in 
 the Abbey of St. Ma-h's, till he was re- 
 moved to. the Cattle of Vanes; yet the 
 Duke excufed himfclf to King Edward, 
 by allcriging, that he had delivered the 
 Earl to his Mefl'engers who let him e- 
 Icape; and promising, that he would 
 keep fuch a ftri& Guard upon him, that 
 he mould bring no Troubles upon him, 
 no more than if he were in his own 
 CuftoJy, which he did faithfully per- 
 form during King Edward's Reign, but 
 not afterwards, 
 
 StiJlington af.cr this was in great Fa- 
 vour with King Edward, as long as he 
 lived, and after with King Richard IIL 
 at whofe Coronation he officiated, and 
 ever afcer faithfully fcrved him ; tho* 
 generally believed the barbarous Mur- 
 derer of his Patron's Children, and 
 though he knew, that the Earl of Rich- 
 mond was ufing his utmoft Endeavours 
 to obtain the Crown, and was confci- 
 ous, that *he had endeavoured to ruin 
 him. Thus in two Rcfpe&s he had 
 provoked the Earl, if he attained the 
 Crown, to punilh him, (as he did foon 
 after by the Slaughter of King Richard 
 and his Adherents in Bofworth Field) 
 yet were his former Faults pafied over, 
 and never had been regarded, had he 
 not provoked King Henry to Anger, by 
 a frefh Guilt of a fouler Crime, which 
 was this. In the Year 1486, one Lam- 
 bert, a Perfon of mean Parentage, be- 
 ing periliaded by Margaret Dutchefs of 
 Burgundy, and inftrufted, by WiUiam 
 Simon a Prieft of Oxford, to pcrfbnate 
 Edward Earl of Warwick, the next Heir 
 to the Crown, as Son of George Duke of 
 C'.aren.-e, King Richard's elder Brother, 
 claimed the Crown, as his Right by Inr 
 heritance ; and being affifted with an 
 Army lent by the Dutchefs of Burgundy, 
 and raifed in the Nation by certain 
 Noblemen, Malecon tents, ftirred up a 
 Rebellion. This Bilhop applauded the 
 Attempt, aflerted his Title, encouraged 
 the People to take up Arms, by his 
 Advice, and brought in what Afliftance 
 he was able. This falfe Pretender was 
 foon v.ariquifhed by King Henry, and 
 the Bifliop's Hopes and Endeavours 
 being difappointed, he fled to Oxford, 
 as an Afylurn, pretending that he came 
 thither to apply him whplly to Study; 
 for it was then thought a Privilege of the 
 TJniverfuies, that none of the King's 
 Officers might difturb the Students. 
 When the King heard of it, he fent 
 his Letters to him to fummon him be- 
 fore him ; but he refufing, he fcnt them 
 to the Univerfiry, ordering them to 
 delivir hin\ to Edward Willcughhy his 
 
 Chap-
 
 S ME R S E f S II IRE. 
 
 Chaplain, that he might bring him to to make a League with 
 his Court; but the \cademians refufed, 
 pleading that the Bifliop came thither 
 attend upon his Studies, and they 
 
 to attend upon 
 
 could not deliver him up without a 
 Prejudice to their Liberties. The King 
 returned Anfwer, that he had confultcd 
 all their Regiftcrs, and ciid dot find, 
 that the Univerfity had any fuch Pri- 
 vilege ; whereupon, after fome other 
 Contefts, the Univerfity fuffered the 
 King's Officers to take him, which 
 done, they carried him to Windfor, 
 Oftob. 1487. and he was kept in Prifon 
 to his Death, which happened in 1491. 
 He was buried at Wells in the Chapel, 
 which he had built near the Cloiftcrs. 
 His Epifcopal Authority, in the Inter- 
 val, was excrcifed by his Suffragan 
 John CornijJ)^ a Canon regular of St. 
 Auguftlne, who had been conlHtuted by 
 Bifhop Bekinton, and held the Suffragan's 
 Place to the Year 1513, when he died, 
 and the See after Stillington was vacant 
 near nine Months, before it was confer- 
 ed upon 
 
 Ri chard Fox , Do&or of Law of Oxford, 
 but Matter of Pembroke- Hall in Cam- 
 bridge. He being at Paris, when Henry 
 Duke of Richmond, being about to refcue 
 the Kingdom of England, from the Ty- 
 ranny of Richard III. went to Paris to 
 defire the French King's Afliftance ; but 
 not being able to ftay further to iblli- 
 cite, by rcafon of his Prefencc, which 
 was absolutely neceflary in other Places, 
 
 the King of 
 
 S.ots. He was Icarcely returned from, 
 thence; but he was preferred to the 
 See of Exeter, then vacant by the 
 Tranflation of Peter Courtney to the Bi- 
 fhoprick of Wm.hejler. In that See he 
 continued fix Years, and then was re- 
 moved to this of Bath and Wells, in 
 which he fate but three Years, before 
 he was removed to Durham. After his 
 Tranflation, the Spiritual Jurifdiftion 
 of this Sec was taken into the Archbi- 
 fhop's Hands, and continued therein 
 two Years, when 
 
 Oliver Kin<r was translated from Exeter 
 hither, as Fox had been, and had Po 
 fefiion given him of his Ecclcfiaftical 
 Jurifdiftion in 1496. He was a Doctor 
 of Law, and had been Fellow of King's 
 College, Cambridge ; but was now one of 
 his Majefty's (King Henry VII. 's) Prin- 
 cipal Secretaries of State. He found 
 the Church of Bath very much ruinated, 
 which therefore having pulled down, 
 he began to build a new one of fine 
 work, and went a great Way in it, but 
 did not live to finifli it, which if he 
 had done, fcarce any Cathedral in Eng- 
 land would have equalled it Adrian 
 CaJ}le his SucceflTor carried it on a little, 
 but left it impcrfeft. William Bird the 
 laft of the Priors of the Monaftery, 
 being aflifted with Contributions, was 
 likely to have finiflied it in a fbort 
 Time, but the Diflolution of the Ab- 
 bies proved the Ruin of the Church ; 
 
 appointed this Richard Fox to profecute for the fame covetous Hands, which 
 
 his Rcqueft, (how he came to be known tore the Lead from St. Mary's Chapel, 
 
 to the King is not manifeft) which he did and the Bifhop's Palace, did the like 
 
 with lb much Judgment and Skill, that he to the Church, and with all fold the o- 
 
 obtained all he defired. The Duke foon ther Materials, which had been got 
 
 after obtained the Kingdom, and being together to finifli it. Nor was there 
 
 fenfibleof the Service Dr. For had done for fome Time any Hopes, that what 
 
 him, he firft made him Keeper of the remained fhould not be dcmoliflied, till 
 
 Privy Seal, next Secretary of State, fome Men pioufly inclined gathered 
 
 then one of his Privy Council, and at fome Monies, and tiled it. After the 
 
 length loaded him with Ecclefiaftical fame Manner they alfo glared the 
 
 Preferments ; but in the mean Time, "Windows, and the Part defigned for 
 
 ufed his .Advice both at home and a- the Choir was perfc&cd by the Help 
 
 broad, and fent him upon diverfe Em- of one Mr. Billet, who is faid to have 
 
 baflles. For in the fecond Year of his received a great Sum of Money of the 
 
 Reign, he employ'd him, with others, Englifi Nejtor, Cecil, to be disburfed up- 
 
 P p p p p 2 on
 
 852 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 on pious Ufes; bur for all this, the 
 Church was incompleat, as it continu- 
 ed till Bifhop Montacute finifhed it- 
 This Oliver died Jan. 24, 1503. and is 
 faid by fome to be bury'd at Wlndfor, 
 being then Secretary of the Garter, 
 and Prebendary of the College ; but 
 Bifhop Godwin de Prtful. p. 439. fays, 
 he doth not think it probable. The 
 See of Canterbury was vacant at that 
 Time, and fo the fpiritual Jurifdition 
 of this See fell into the Hands of 
 the Chapter of Canterbury, where it 
 refted, till 
 
 Adrlin de Cajtello, an Italian, born at 
 Cornetum, was put into his Place. Pope 
 Innocent VIII. lent this Adrian, a Man 
 eminent for his VVifilom and orher En- 
 dowments of Mind, into Scotland , to 
 compofc fome Disturbances there, as 
 being a fit Perfbn for that Work. He 
 came firft to London, and was there cer- 
 tified, that the King of Scots was killed 
 in a Battle by his own Subjefts , where- 
 upon remaining fome Time there to re- 
 frefh himfclf, he became acquainted 
 with John Morton Archbifhop of Canter- 
 bury, who being in Love with him for his 
 excellent Gifts of Mind, and chiefly 
 his great Learning joined with Pru- 
 dence, recommended him to the King, 
 that he fhould tranfaft all our I&sgtrjb 
 Affairs at the Court of Rome ; which 
 Truft he performed with fo much Judg- 
 ment and Fidelity, that the Bifhoprick 
 of Hereford happening to be vacant in 
 1503, the King thought fit to requite 
 his Labour with that See, from which 
 in one Year he was tranflated to this of 
 Bath and Well*. In the mean Time 
 Pope Alexander VI. a little before his 
 Translation hither, had taken him into 
 the College of Cardinals, having been 
 before his Collector and chief Secre- 
 tary, in which Offices he had acquired 
 fo great Riches, that the Pope covet- 
 ing them, refolvcd to poifon him, and 
 fome other of the wealthy Cardinals. 
 This DeSign he contrived to execute by 
 mixing Poifon in a Flagon of Wine, 
 at a Banquet he had invited them to ; 
 but by the Cupbearer's Miftakc, it was 
 
 given to him and his Son C<tfar, who be- 
 ing ftrong and young out-grew it, but 
 himfclf being old died of it. But tho* 
 the Bifhop efcaped this fatal Attempt, 
 yet he not long after loft this Bifhop- 
 rick, and all other his Ecclcfiaftical 
 Preferments after this Manner. Cardi- 
 nal Alphonfus Petrucclus, the Son of Pan- 
 dulplus Governor of who was 
 
 among the moil forward to give his 
 Vote at the Eleftion of Pope Leo X. 
 taking it ill, that his Brother Barges 
 was deprived of his Father's Govern- 
 ment, and that by him, whofe Dignity 
 he had fo diligently promoted, deter- 
 mined to revenge the Injury done to his 
 Brother, and the Ingratitude towards 
 himfelf; and to that End, confpired 
 with this Adrian, and fome other Car- 
 dinals to kill Leo ; but the Conspiracy 
 being difcovered, Petrucclus was Strang- 
 led ; but the reft Leo promised to pardon, 
 provided they would freely, and inge- 
 nuoufly confefs their Fault, which 
 when they all had done, he according- 
 ly fulfilled. But Adrian, whether a- 
 fhamed of being guilty of fuch a Wick- 
 cdnefs, or afraid that Leo's Grant was 
 not Sincere, changed his Habit, and fled 
 out of the City into fuch a Conceal- 
 ment, that it was never known, where 
 he was, either alive or dead. P. Joviui 
 tells us, that though others out of ill 
 Will confpired againft Leo, Adrian did it 
 only out of an ambitious Expectation 
 of being Pope after him, depending 
 upon a Predi&ion of a certain Woman, 
 who had foretold many other Things, 
 that happened, as fhe had Shewed, and 
 had told him, that Leo fhould be taken 
 off fuddenly, and that one Adrian of 
 obfcurc Parentage, but great Learning, 
 who had railed himfelf by his pure Me- 
 rit, fhould fucceed him, which he in- 
 terpreted of himfelf, but was made 
 good in another Adrian, an old Dutch- 
 man, and a Brewer's Son, but eminent 
 for his Learning, who by a prodigious 
 Luck obtained the Papacy. Adrian be- 
 ing thus deprived of this Sec, 
 
 Thomas Wolfe.y fucceeded him. He 
 WAS a Cardinal, and at that Time Arch,
 
 SOMERSET S*H IRE. 
 
 bifhop of York ; but being then chief 
 Minifter of State, and affe&ing a 
 princely Grandure, he acquired him- 
 felf Multitudes of 
 
 the Wife of his deceafed Brother. In 
 i 540, he was fent in an EmbafTy to the 
 Duke of Clew to give the Reafons, 
 Preferments, as why the King had divorced his Sifter 
 Lord High Chancellor, the Abbacy of Anne, which being an unacceptable 
 St.' Allans, and this Bifhoprick of Bath MefTage, he found an unkind Entcr- 
 and Wells, which having obtained of tainmcnt; for he was poifoned (as was 
 
 which having obtained of 
 the King, he held in Commendam by the 
 Pope's Provision five Years, tiJl the Bi- 
 fhoprick of Durham falling, he refigned 
 this to take that, and then 
 
 tainmcnt 
 
 thought) in that Court ; and returning 
 home, was taken very ill at Dunkirk, 
 and arrived in England with great Dif- 
 ficulty at the End of the Year, and 
 
 John Clerke, Dotor of Divinity of died at London, Jan. 3, 1541, when he 
 Cambridge, Dean of Windfor, Keeper of had fate eighteen Years, and was bu- 
 the RoUs, one of the King's Privy ried in the Nunnery in the Minories. 
 Council before the Year 1510, and the He is by Leland numb red among the 
 King's Proftor, and Orator in the moft learned and famous Writers of 
 Court of Rome, was made Bifhop of his Time ; but moft of his Writings are 
 this See, by Pope Leo's Bull of Provi- in MS. fome of which are in the Paluce- 
 fion Mar. 26, 1513. and was fbon after Treafury at Weftminfler. 
 confecratcd to it. King Henry VIII. William Knight Do&or of Laws, and 
 much cmploy'd him, after he was made Fellow of New College, Oxford, Preben- 
 Eifhop, in Embafiies, of which thcie are dary of St. Stephen's Chapel, and Arch- 
 the moft confiderable ; viz.. He was the 
 Refident EmbafTador in the Court of 
 the King of France, from the Year 
 1523 to the Year 1527. King Henry 
 having written a Book againft Luther, 
 
 deacon of Richmond, fucceeded Bifhop 
 Clerke in this See. He left his College 
 in 1495, and going to Court, became 
 foon fo well known for his Parts and 
 ^ Induftry, that he was made Secretary 
 
 in Defence of the feven Sacraments, to King Henry VII. and was continued 
 
 fent this Bifliop to prefent it the Pope, in that Poft by King Henry VIII. By 
 TV ho at the Delivery of it in the Con- this laft King he was fent on an Em- 
 liftory of the Cardinals made an cle- bafly to Maximilian the Emperor, with 
 
 fo 
 
 gant Speech, which is printed with the 
 Book. The Pope was mightily pleafcd 
 with the Prefent, as a great Rarity 
 from a King, and gave him the Title 
 
 whom he found fo much Favour, that 
 befides the great Gifts he received from 
 his Treafury, he had a Coat of Arms, 
 as a farther Token of a Reward, grant. 
 
 of Defender of the Faith, which hath ever ed him for his many Services, under 
 
 iince been continued to his SucccfTors. 
 Being returned into England, he was 
 much ufed in managing Matters of the 
 greateft Importance to the Kingdom, 
 which taking him off from his Ecclefi- 
 aftical Affairs, he conftituted two Suf- 
 fragan Bifhops to attend upon them, 
 viz.. William Abbot of Brttton, and Tho- 
 mas Abbbot of Mountacute, to whom 
 fucceeded in 1538. William Finche Prior 
 of Bremar, under the Title of Bifliop 
 of Taunton. In 1533, he was prefent 
 at a Synod of all the Clergy held at 
 London about the King's Divorce, and 
 was the only Bi/hop that gave his Vote, 
 that it was lawful for a Man to marry 
 
 the Title of Protonotary of the Apoffolick 
 See, and Embaffadqr of King Henry VIII. 
 to Maximilian the Emperor, &c. Many 
 other Embafiies he pcrforned, and be- 
 ing returned ito England in 1523, he 
 was rewarded wirh many Preferments, 
 as Prebendary of St. Stephens, Wejtmin- 
 Jler, Archdeacon of Chefter, and in I 541. 
 Bifhop of this See ; but fate only fix 
 Years and fome Months, dyirg at Lon- 
 dyn, Sept. 29, 1 547, but his Body \vas 
 carried to WeUs, and interred in the 
 Nave of the Church, under a coftly 
 Monument. He, and Richard Woolman 
 his Dean, ere&cd a Crofs in the Market- 
 place of that City, arched over, and 
 
 Handing
 
 854 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 ftanding upon eighteen Pillars, fas the Biftiop remained in Exile, Queen Mary 
 
 Infciiption fpeaks) for the Honour of placed in this See 
 
 Gilbert Bourn, who being accounted a 
 good Orator and Difputant, while he 
 was Fellow of AU-Souh College, Oxford, 
 and having taken his Degrees in Arts, 
 was made by King Henry VIII. Reg. 33. 
 one of the firft Prebendaries of Wor- 
 
 God, and Benefit of the Poor ufmg the 
 Market. It is dated Anr.v Dom. 1 542, 
 a;:d concludes with this Prayer, Laus 
 Deo, Pax tiivist Recces dejuncth. In Eng- 
 Hfu. dlory be to God, Peace to the 
 Living, Reft to the Dead. 
 
 William Barlcw fucceeded him in this 
 
 WtUuun Baricw lucceeded him in this cejter, after tne laid King had converted 
 See. He was bred a Canon regular of the Prior and Monks of that City into 
 
 mr f\ r> . _ T*\ _ _ ._ 1 T\ _ l l w _ 
 
 Sc. Aujlin, in the Monaftery of St. 
 QGih in Ejfex ; and having obtained a 
 competent Knowledge of Divinity a- 
 mong thofe of his Order at Oxford, was 
 created Do&or of Divinity there.' He 
 was afterwards made Prior of the Au- 
 gujlin Monks at Byfuam in Berkjhire, and 
 by that Name and Title was lent in an 
 limbafTy to Scotland with one Holcrcft, 
 about ibme Points of Religion againft 
 the Pope. About the Time of the Dif- 
 foiution of his Priory, he was eleted to 
 the Bifhoprick of St. Afapb. in which 
 he was hardly fettled, when he was re- 
 jnoveu to St. David's, where he fate 
 from the Year 1536" to the Year 1*47, 
 being all that Time a zealous Profeflbr, 
 and "Preacher of the Reformed Religi- 
 on. In this laft Year he was further 
 t ran flared to this Sec of Bath and Wells, 
 
 a Dean and Prebendaries. Two Years 
 after this he took his Degree of Bache- 
 lor of Divinity, and was then made a 
 Chaplain to Bifhop Banner, whole Fa- 
 vour he gained much by preaching a- 
 gainft the Hcreticks (as the Reformed 
 were called) in thofe Times ; but when 
 King Edward VI. came to the Throne, 
 and the Reformation was publickly ad- 
 vanced; he clofed fo much with it, 
 that he became Archdeacon of Bedford, 
 being then alfo Archdeacon of EJJex and 
 Middlefex, and Canon of St. Paul's ; but 
 it is not probable that he held them all 
 together. In the Beginning of Queen 
 Mary's Reign he put off his Vizard, and 
 appeared fb very zealous for the Catho- 
 lick Caufe, that preaching at St. Paul's 
 Crofs in the Behalf of Dr. Banner, then 
 Bifhop of London, who was then pre- 
 
 in which he continued 'till Queen Mary fent, and inveighing againft his late un- 
 came to the Crown in 1553, when be- juft Sufferings, and the unhappy Times 
 ing deprived, becaufe he was married, of K. E^.VI.'s Reign, as he called them, 
 he fled -into Germany, and there lived had a Dagger thrown at him by one of 
 in a poor exiled Condition, 'till Queen the Auditors; Bourn thereupon withdrew 
 Elizabeth came to the Throne. Upon to prevent further Danger, and great 
 his Return into England, that Queen Search being made for the AfTaffine, 
 preferred him to the See of Chichejler, many Pcrfons were imprifoned for it ; 
 which he governed ten Years, and then but it could be proved upon none of 
 died. In the Year 1560. he was made them, and fo they efcaped. In the Year 
 the firft Canon, or Prebendary of the 1554, by the Intereft of Sir J-dhn Bourn 
 firft Stall in the Collegiate Church of of Batenhatt in Worcejterfhlre, his Uncle, 
 Wcjiwinftsr, then founded by that Queen, and at that Time principal Secretary of 
 and held it with his Bifhoprick five State to Queen Mary, he was elefted 
 Years. He was buried in the Cathedral to the See of Bath and Wells, and had 
 Church of Chicbejier, leaving one Son of the Temporalties foon after given him; 
 his Name, who was Archdeacon of Sa- to which the Queen, in whole Favour 
 
 he was very much, added the Prefi- 
 dentmip of Wales, which he enjoyed 
 together all her Reign ; but when 
 Queen Elizabeth fucceeded, he was de- 
 prived of all, becaufe he rcfufed to take 
 
 the 
 
 Prebendary of Winchefter, and 
 Rciior of Eaflon near it ; and five 
 Daughters, all of them married to Bi- 
 fhops. He wrote fbme Books, named 
 by A. Wjod, Vol i. p. na. While this 

 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 855 
 
 the Oath of Supremacy. He was a 
 great Benefa&or to this Church ; for 
 as Barlow his Predcceflbr faved it from 
 Deftru&ion in King Ed-ward's Reign, 
 fo did this Bifliop in Queen Mary's ; for 
 he procured the Retrories of Duherton t 
 and Long Sutton to be reftored to the 
 Chapter, and would have recovered 
 many other Things, if he had fate 
 longer. He augmented the Alain tc- 
 cance of the Poor in Uttb&itb'i Hofpital, 
 and did fome Things for the Benefit of 
 the Vicars Choral. He defigncd to have 
 built a College near the outward Gate 
 of the Bifliop s Palace, in the Place of 
 the Prebendaries Houfbs ; but was pre- 
 vented by Queen Mary's Death, or ra- 
 ther his own Obftinacy in Error, as 
 fome other Bifhops were. After he was 
 deprived, he was committed to free 
 Cuitody in the Houfe of the Dean of 
 Exeter, where he fpent his Time in 
 Reading and Devorion. He died is Sil- 
 verton in Devonjlrire, Se^t. 10. 1569, and 
 was buried in the Chancel on the South 
 Side of the Altar. Barlow did not fuc- 
 ceed him, as was expefted, but 
 
 Gilbert Berkley , a Norfolk Man by 
 Birth, and a Dcfccndant from the Noble 
 Family of the Berkleys, (as appears by 
 the Arms put upon his Tomb by the 
 Heralds.) He was confecrated Bifliop 
 of this See, the laft Day of the Year 
 1559, viz.. March 24. and when he had 
 prefided Twenty-two Years, and was 
 eighty Years of Age, he died of a Le- 
 thargy Nov. 2, 1581, and was buried in 
 his Cathedral, on the North Side of the 
 High Altar, under a polifhed Stone not 
 coftly. His SucceiTor was 
 
 Thomas God-win , Father of Francis GoJ- 
 vin Bifliop of Hereford, who wrote The 
 Lives of our Englifh Bijbobs. He was 
 born at Okir.gham in Berkfbira, and bred 
 up at the School there ; from whence 
 rcmox'ing to Oxford, he was maintained 
 by Mr. Layton, Dean of York, th^re, 'till 
 he was Mafter of Arts, in which Time 
 he was made Fellow of Magdalene Col- 
 lege. He was heretically inclined, (as 
 u'as then laid) which fo difturbcd tlic 
 Popifli Fellows, that partly by maki -g 
 
 him uneafy, and partly offering him 
 fome Allowances fr.om the College, they 
 perfuaded, or rather forced him, to ac- 
 cept of the School at Brackley, which is 
 in the College's Gift, and leave the Col- 
 lege. Being there about the End of 
 King Edward VI. 's Reign, he married 
 Ifabell, the Daughter of Nicholas Purefey 
 of Shalfton in Bitfkinghtmjbire, Efq; and 
 going on in teaching School, what 
 Time he had to fpare Yrom his School- 
 work, he fpent in- ftudying Divinity, or 
 Phyfick, by which, when he was dri- 
 ven from his School, he got an honeft 
 Livelihood for himfclf and Family, in 
 the Days of Queen Mary, though he 
 was obliged fome Times to leave his 
 Habitation, and abfcond, bccaufe he 
 was often fought for by Banner Bimop 
 of London. He was admitted into Or- 
 ders by Dr. EuUingham y who was firft 
 Bimop of Lincoln, and then of Worcejter t 
 who made him his Chaplain in the Be- 
 ginning of Queen Elizabeth's Reign. 
 By that Bifliop's Means he was brought 
 to preach before the Queen, who was 
 fo well pleafed with his learned Elo- 
 quence, fet off with the Height of his 
 Stature, and beautiful Countenance, 
 that for eighteen Years together he was 
 always one of them that preached the 
 yearly Le;-Sermons at Court. Her 
 Approbation of his Perfon and Preach- 
 ing, produced fuch Beneficence in her 
 Majefty towards him, that in 1565, fne 
 made him Dean of CbriJl-Chur:h t Oxford, 
 whereupon he took his Degree of Doc- 
 tor of Divinity, and the next Year 
 Dean of Canterbury, in which he conti- 
 nued 'till 1584^ when he was nominated 
 by the Queen, Bimop of Bath and 
 Wetti, (which had been vacant three 
 Years) and foon after confecrated to it. 
 He came to it with all the Qualifica- 
 tions of a Bifliop, as Learning, Hofpi- 
 tality, Kindnefs, and Affability, bur a 
 Widower, which much pleafed the 
 Queen, but proved his Undoing, be- 
 caufe it left him at Liberty for a fe- 
 cond Marriage. For f) it happened, 
 that being aged, and lane rf the Gour, 
 he married a London Widow, for hrr 
 
 Weal tla.
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE: 
 
 "Wealth, as it was fuppofed. This Sir 
 Walter Raleigh, who was then a chief 
 Favomite, and had" for fome Time ibl- 
 licited the Bifhop in vain for the Manor 
 of Banwell, as loon as he heard, told 
 the Queen of it, adding, that fhe was 
 not above twenty Years old, (though 
 then flic had a Son near forty) and fo 
 inccnfed the Queen againft him, that 
 fhe wholly difcarded him ; and he was 
 forced to pacify his Persecutors ; and la- 
 ving Banwell, he wa.s fain to let them 
 have a Leafe of the Manor of We If comb 
 for Ninety-nine Years, and fo purchafed 
 his Peace, in which he lived upon his 
 Bimoprick to his Death, which happen- 
 ed thus. He was taken with a Quar- 
 tan Ague, and his Phyficians finding it 
 hard to cure, advifed him to change the 
 Air, and go to the Place of his Nativi- 
 ty, Okingtiam., with Hopes of Recovery ; 
 but that not availing, he died Nov. 19, 
 1590, in the Seventy-third Year of his 
 Age, and was buried on the South Side 
 of the - Chancel of the Parifli-Church 
 there. His Son Francis Godwin fet up a 
 a fmall Monument in the Wall by his 
 Grave, fufficient to notify the Time of 
 his Death, -but no Way agreeable to his 
 great Worth. 
 
 John Still f Door of Divinity, and 
 Matter of Trinity College, Cambridge, 
 fucceeded him, after this See had been 
 vacant two Years. He was the Son of 
 John St'ill of Grantham in Lincolnshire, 
 and becoming eminent for his Learning, 
 not only became the Head of his Col- 
 lege, but was made a Canon of the fe- 
 venth Stall in the Church of Weflmin- 
 jler, in the Room of Thomas Aldr'nige, 
 who had been deprived for Non confor- 
 mity, and Archdeacon of Sudbary in 
 1576. He came to this Sec in 159*) 
 and held it to his Death, which happen- 
 ed Feb. ^6, 1607. In his Will, he be- 
 queathed five Hundred Pounds for the 
 building of an Alms houfe in the City 
 of Wells, which was juftly paid by his 
 Jon and Executor. He lies buried un- 
 der an Alabafter Tomb, very fine, over 
 againft Bi/hop Berkley's. His Succeflbr 
 -was 
 
 James Mountapue, Do&or of Divini- 
 ty, Dean of Worcefter formerly, but 
 then Dean of the Chapel to King James. 
 I. He was confecrated April \ 7, 1608. 
 He was defcended of the Family of 
 Mountagues (who for fome Ages were 
 Earls of Salisbury ; and of them Thomas 
 was the Son of Margaret, Grandaughter 
 of King Edward I. by his Daughter 
 Joan furnamcd of A on, or Acre, be- 
 caufe fhe was born there, while her Fa- 
 ther King Edward was fighting againft 
 the Saracens in the Holy Land.} His 
 Father was Edward Mountague of Bough- 
 ton in Northamptonshire, Knt. He was 
 educated in Chrift's College, Cambridge,, 
 where none could be fo envious to 
 think, that he was not as Noble for his 
 Virtues, as Parentage. He was made 
 the firft Mafter of Sidney College in 
 that Univerfity, and took great Pains 
 and Care about the Building of it, 
 which he very much encreafed and 
 beautified ; for he fettled on the Col- 
 lege a Farm of twenty Marks annual 
 Rent, and built the Walls of the lower 
 Chapel with Bricks artificially prepa- 
 red. He alfo was the chief Mover of 
 bringing Spring-water into Cambridge, 
 (and that it might come up to his Col- 
 lege, he was at the Expence of an 
 Hundred Pounds). He alfo promoted 
 the Intcreft of the College many other 
 Ways. After he came to Welh, he laid 
 out great Sums in repairing and beau- 
 tifying the Buildings belonging to the 
 See, as well at Ranwett, as at Wetts ', 
 where alfo he rcftored the Chapel built 
 by Bifliop Jocelln, which had been neg- 
 le&ed fixty Years, while the Bifhoprick 
 was much impoverifhed ; for at his 
 great Charge he had it cleaned and 
 repaired, fet up an Organ and other 
 Ornaments in it, by which means he 
 rendered it fo convenient and beauti- 
 ful, that few Chapels in England were 
 to be preferred to it. The Poor alfo 
 in the Alms-houfe he much helped by 
 his Generofity ; and to perfet the 
 Church of Bath, which Oliver King his 
 Prcdeceflbr had begun to build an Hun- 
 dred
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 857 
 
 drcd Years before, he gave a Thoufand afterwards to Dr. Neale, Ep. of Ro h.fter t 
 
 Pounds of our Money, which is 3535 
 
 French Crowns ; and moreover railed a 
 
 Stone Desk of Marble curioufly wrought. 
 
 When he had fate here eight Years, he 
 
 was tranflated to Win^hejter, Anno 1617, 
 
 and his See was committed to the Care 
 
 of 
 
 Arthur Lake, Brother of Sir Tbo. Lake 
 Knt. principal Secretary of State to 
 King James I. He was born and bred 
 up in the School in St. Michael's Parifli 
 in Southampton for a Time ; but being 
 removed to Wickham's School, went 
 from thence to New College, Oxford, 
 where he was made perpetual Fellow 
 in 1 589. Five Years after he proceeded 
 in Arts, and entring into facred Orders, 
 he was made Fellow of Wickbam's Col- 
 lege near Winchefter in 1600, and three 
 Years after Mafter of S. Crofts. In 1605, 
 he took his Degrees in Divinity, and 
 the fame Year was made Archdeacon of 
 Surrey. In 1608, he was created Dean 
 of Worcefter, and in 1616", Bifliop of 
 Bath and Wells, in both thefe Prefer- 
 ments following Dr. James Mountague. 
 In all thefe Places he ihewcd the fame 
 Mind, and Perfon, alike eminent for 
 his Virtues in all, and indeed one of 
 the brighteft "Examples of true Good- 
 nefs in his Times. He lived a fingle 
 Man all his Days, and very fober, re- 
 ligious and hofpitable. He was not on- 
 ly well verfcd in the Fathers and School- 
 men ; but fo skilful in the Scripture, 
 that he was reputed one of the beft 
 Preachers of his Time. He hath many 
 Things in Print ; but all of them were 
 publifhed by his Friends after his Death, 
 which happened in 1626". He was bu- 
 ried on the North Side of the Cathedral 
 of Wells, and a plain Stone was laid 
 over his Grave, with an Infcription of 
 his Name and Title. 
 
 William Laud, DoSor of Divinity, 
 and Bimop of St. Davids fuccceded him. 
 He was educated in St. John's College, 
 Oxford, of which he at length became 
 Prefidcnt. He being Chaplain to the 
 Earl of Devonshire, which brought him 
 into the Knowledge of the Court, and 
 
 and Lincoln, had many Preferments 
 heaped upon him of leflfcr Note, and 
 at length was made Bifhop of St. Da- 
 vids, having Leave given him at the 
 fame Time to hold his Prefidcntfhip of 
 St. John's with ir ; and the Rcftorics of 
 Ibftxk in Leiiejterfiire, and Creek in 
 Nfathamptmjbire. He held this Bilhop- 
 rick about fix Years, and then was 
 tranflated to Bath and Wells, being then 
 made Dean of the King's Chapel, and 
 fworn a Privy Councellor. From this 
 See he was tranflated to London in 1628, 
 and in 1633, to Canterbury, where the 
 Reader will find a more full Account of 
 him. 
 
 Leonard Maw, Do&or of Divinity, was 
 his Succeflbr. He was the Son of Sa- 
 muel Maw of Wrendlepam in Suffolk, 
 Gent. He was educated in Peter^Hou/e 
 College, Cambridge, and there was made 
 firft Fellow, and then Mailer ; but re- 
 moved to Trinity College, where he be- 
 came alfo Ma'fter. His Preferments 
 were thefe : He was Prebendary of Wells ^ 
 and having commenced Dotor of Di- 
 vinity, he was made Chaplain to Prince 
 Charles, (afterwards King Charles I.) on 
 whom he waited, when he went with 
 the Duke of Biukitigbarj! to court the 
 Infanta ; which Service, upon the 
 Tranflation of Dr. Land to London, pro- 
 cured him this Bifhoprick in 1628. but 
 he enjoyed it but a very little Time, 
 for he died at Chifwik in Middlefex Sept. 
 z, 1629. and his Body was buried there 
 Sept. itJ, following. 
 
 Walter Curie, Do&or of Divinity, fuc- 
 cecded him. He was born at HatfieM 
 in. Hertford)!) ire, where the Earls of 
 Salisbury have a Seat. His Father was 
 Servant to William Cecil Earl of Salis- 
 bury, and as his .Agent in the Affair of 
 the Queen of Sects, and Steward of his 
 Eftate, was fo 'faithful, and helpful, 
 that the Earl not only preferred him 
 to be Auditor of the Court of Wards, 
 but advanced this his Son to be Fellow 
 of Peter-Houfe in Cambridge, and prefcnt- 
 ed him to a good Living, in which he 
 difcharged the Duties of a good Paftor 
 
 QJI q q q fo
 
 858 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 fo well, in preventing Law-fuits, and 
 compofingDifferences among his Parifhi- 
 onersjiupprcfiing Houfesof Debauchery, 
 and regulating many other Diforders, 
 gaining many Diflfcntcrs to the Church 
 by his wife and meek Difcourfes, and 
 leaving others, who were obftinate in 
 Error, inexcufable, by his holy Conver- 
 lation, and charitable Hofpitality, that 
 the Earl recommended him to his Ma- 
 jsfty King James I. as a fit Perfon for 
 his Chaplain, in which Station he foon 
 became the Objeft of his Majefty's Fa- 
 vour, which he found by being made 
 firft Dean of Litckfield in 1621. and Bi- 
 ftop of Rocbejler by King Charles I. in 
 1628. where he continued not much 
 longer than a Year before he was remo- 
 ved to this See, and then to Wincbejler, 
 in which he (at, when the late grand 
 Rebellion began, wherein he was a 
 great Sufferer. For after Winchester was 
 yielded to the Parliament, and ne with 
 
 ken his Degrees in Arts, he apply 'd 
 himfelf to Divinity, and for a Time 
 preached in, and near Oxford. Being 
 made Chaplain to Dr. King, Bifhop or 
 London* he was preferred to the Re&o- 
 ry of St. Cbrijtopherj, London, and Vica- 
 rage of North-ball, Middlefex, and was 
 the fame Time made a Canon of Cbrift- 
 Church, Oxford ; in which Station he un- 
 derwent the Office of Vice-Chanccllor 
 of that Univerfity ; wherein Shewing a 
 Diflike to the AHtl-Arminian Party, and 
 treating fome of them a little roughly, 
 he got the good Will of Dr. Laud, then 
 the Favourite of Court, and confequent- 
 ly Preferment, which loon followed; for 
 in 1622. he was made Dean of Peterbo- 
 rough, and in 1630. Bifnop of that See : 
 He had it but a little Time; but while 
 he fat there, fhcwed himfelf to be a 
 Perfon of great Parts, knowing in Di- 
 vinity and Law, very vigilant and ac- 
 tive for the good both of the Ecclefia- 
 
 theRoyalifts came into the Hands of the . ftical and Civil Eftate, which made way 
 
 Rebels, he was deprived of his Bifhop- 
 rick,and his Eftate was fequeftered ;but 
 his Perfon was not fo rudely and cruel- 
 ly treated as fome others of his Order 
 were, becaufe while he was a Bilhop, 
 he exercised his Authority with fo much 
 Jufticc and Mildnefs, that Peters and 
 his Faftion, tho' they hated his FunH- 
 on, yet vrere very civil and refpc&ful 
 to him. After the Lofs of Wincbcjler, 
 and Lofs of all his Subfiftence, he retir'd 
 to Subberton in Hampshire, where he re- 
 mained till his Death, which happened 
 in 1647. He would not be allowed to 
 compound for his real Eftate(tho* many 
 other Royalifts were)becaufe he refufed 
 to take the Covenant He left a Wi- 
 de* and fome Children ; but no other 
 Dcmonftration of his Learning and Pie- 
 ty, but a Sermon preached at Whitehall 
 on Heb. 12. 14. Aril ?.8. 1622. His 
 S'uccclTbr upon hit Translation was 
 
 WinCim "Piers, Do&or of Divinity : He 
 was born in the Parilh of All-Saints in 
 the City of Oxford, where he had his 
 Education, and became in 1596- a Stu- 
 dent in cbrift Churcb. After he had u- 
 
 for his higher Preferment foon; for in 
 1632. he was ele&ed Bilhop of Bath 
 and Wells, in which he continued part- 
 ly aftually, and partly titularly to his 
 Death, which happened at Walibamftow 
 in the Year 1670. in the ^oth Year of 
 his Age. The Time of his being Bifliop, 
 may be divided into that of Adion and 
 Suffering, the firft, while he was in his 
 See, and the other after he was depri- 
 ved. In the former he behaved himlelf 
 very zealoufly for the Conftitution of 
 the Church, according to the Example 
 of his great Patron BuTiop l.aud, vio- 
 lently oppofingall Encroachments of the 
 Puritans and DifTenters, and fuppreffing 
 faHous Lefturersjorderingall the Com- 
 munion Tables in the Churches of his 
 Dioccfe to be railed in, and punifhing 
 fuch asrefufcd to do it, with many other 
 Things of the like Nature, which much 
 expoled him to the Fury of his Adver- 
 faries, and rendred his Sufferings the 
 Greater. The firft Thing that appear'd 
 againft him, was a Petition to the 
 Houfe of Commons, which thereupon 
 dtfirc the Lords to take Security for 
 
 his
 
 S M E R S E 
 
 his Appearance to anfwer diverfe hein- 
 ous Crimes tending to the Corruption 
 and Subversion of Religion in his Dio- 
 cefe, which was after referred to a Com- 
 mittee to examine, called the Bifliop of 
 Batb and Welfs Committee, which for a 
 while continually harrafled and perplex- 
 ed him. He after became one or the 
 Protefting Bifliops, and with them was 
 imprifoned, being deprived of his Spiri- 
 tualties ; he lived at Cudefden near Ox- 
 ford t upon a confiderable Eftate of his 
 own, (kept, as is fuppofed, by Compo- 
 fition) as is well known to the People 
 there, tho" Pryn Jays, he was reduced to 
 a ftarving Condition, and begged of a 
 Knight of his Acquaintance to help him 
 to a Curacy or Le&ure, though never 
 fo mean, to fupport Life ; and that the 
 Knight told him , He who turned out 
 Le&urers, and fent them a ftarving, was 
 juftly puniflied with the like Fate, but 
 falfly. He lived to K. Charles's Refto- 
 ration, and obtaining his Biflioprick, 
 enjoyed it Ten Years, as is evident 
 above. His Succeflbr was, 
 
 Robert Creigbton, Do&or of Divinity, 
 and Dean of Wells. He was born in the 
 North Parts of Scotland, and being edu- 
 cated in Weftminfier-Scbool, was elefted 
 thence into Trinity -College, Cambridge, 
 Anno 1613. where he took his Degrees 
 in Arts, and afterwards became Uni- 
 verfity Orator, and Greek Profeflbr. In 
 1631. he was inftallcd Treafurcr of the 
 Cathedral- Church of Wells, being col- 
 lated to it by the Archbifhop of Canter- 
 bury; becaufe the See was then vacant. 
 In 1637. he was made Dean of St. Bim- 
 ans in Comwal, and about that Time 
 took his Degree of Doftor of Divinity, 
 being then beneficed in this County. In 
 the Beginning of the Rebellion, he fuf- 
 fered much for the Royal Caufc, and at 
 length was forced to fly firft to his Ma- 
 jefty at Oxford, afterwards in the Habit 
 of a poor Day- Labourer, into Carnival, 
 where he got on Shipboard, and fled to 
 his Majefty King Charles II. then in 
 Exile, whom he attended in Quality of 
 his Chaplain, till his Restoration. While 
 he thus waited on the King, the Dea- 
 
 SHIRE. 
 
 859 
 
 nery of Wells becoming vacant by the 
 Death of Doftor Raleigh, was bellow- 
 ed upon him, in 1646. or thereabouts, 
 and he lived to enjoy it. He ftill con- 
 tinued the King's Chaplain, and preach- 
 ing in his turn at Court , was al- 
 ways free and zealous in reproving the 
 Vices of the Time, though by many he 
 had little Thanks for his Pains. Upon 
 the Death of Dr. Plerfe, in 1670. he was 
 confecrated Bifliop of Batb and Wells t 
 but held it a very little Time, for he 
 died Nov. ai. 1671. */. 79. and was bu- 
 ried in a Chapel, adjoining to the Ca- 
 thedral, under a fair Monument bear- 
 ing his Name. He was a very learned 
 Man, and was particularly eminent for 
 his Knowlege in the Greek Tongue, of 
 which he gave a fufficicnt Proof by his 
 Tranflation of the Council of Florime into 
 Latin, and illnftrating it with excellent 
 Notes ; both which he defended againft 
 the Jefuit Leo Allatius. 
 
 Peter Mews, Doftor of Divinity, fuc- 
 ceeded him. He was born at a Place 
 nigh Sbirbottrn in Dorfetjblre. He was e- 
 ducated in John's College, Oxford, and 
 being ejefted for his Loyalty while he 
 was a Scholar there, continued ever 
 after a great Jrloyalift, and was once, as 
 'tis faid, in great Danger of being hang- 
 ed by the Rebels. In the Time of the 
 Rebellion his Uncle Winniffe, who had 
 bought the Advowfon of the Church of 
 Lambourn in EJfex, gave it to him at his 
 Death, which happened in 1654. but he 
 was too obnoxious to the Governors of 
 that Time to enjoy it, though his Un- 
 cle had many Years. At his Majefty's Re- 
 turn, he had many Preferments heaped 
 upon him, after he had commenced Dr. 
 of Laws in 1660. for he was made fuc- 
 ccflTively a Prebendary of Durham, Ca- 
 non of Windfor and St. Davids, Archdea- 
 con of Berks in 1665. and Dean of Ro- 
 cbejler in 1670. upon the Death of Dr. 
 Nathaniel Hardy. In this Station hcex 
 ccutcd the Office of Vice-Chancellor of 
 Oxford, and in 1672. upon the Death of 
 Dr. Creighton, was confccrated Bifhop of 
 Bath and Wells, where he fit Thinccn 
 q q q a Years,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 - 
 
 Years, and being removed to Wlnchejler, 
 left this See to 
 
 Thomas Ken Dr. of Divinity : He was 
 bred in New-Col/ege, Oxford, and attain- 
 ing to this Sec in the Reign of King 
 James 11. wa,; active againft the Court 
 Defigns of bringing in Popery, and was 
 
 and Archdeacon of CoMeJter, a Right, 
 Pious and Learned Alan, was nominated 
 to it, but refus'd it ; whereupon, 
 
 Doftor Richard Kinder, then Dean of 
 Peterborough, and Rcbr of St. Martini 
 Outwich, London, was nominated into it, 
 and confecrated Aug. 30. 1691. in St. 
 MaryJe-Bow- Church in that City. He was 
 
 particularly one of thofe Six Bifliops, 
 
 who with the Archbiihop Sankcroft pre- a Suffolk Man, and a very learned Perfon 
 
 fcnted a Petition to that King, in the of which he hath given abundant Proofs 
 
 behalf of thcmfelves, their abfent Bre- in the Books he hath printed, efpecially 
 
 thren.an.d the Clergy of their refpeftive his Writings againft Judaifm, proving 
 
 Diocefes, fhewing therein their Averfe- effc&ually that the Mejpas, foretold by 
 
 ' to diftribute^and publifh his Majc- the Prophets of the Old Teftament, and 
 
 expeftcd by the pious Jews many Ages 
 
 fty's Declaration for Liberty of Confci- 
 ence (according to the Order of Coun- 
 cil of May 4. 1688.) proceeding not 
 from want of Duty or Obedience to him, 
 as their Sovereign , but becaufe it was 
 founded upon a difpenfing Power, often 
 declared illegal in Parliament, and de- 
 ftru&ive to our Constitution in Church 
 and State, &V. This Petition being 
 judged tumultuary and feditious by 
 Chancellor Jefferies , they were all 
 fent to the Tower by an Order of 
 Council , where they continued till 
 they were b.y Law acquitted within a- 
 bout a. Week following, the Term be- 
 ginning foon after their Commitment; 
 but as firm as he ftood to the Proteftant 
 and Church Intcreft, he could not come 
 into thofe Mcafurcs, that were ufcd by 
 the Generality to fecu re the Church and 
 Srate from Idolatry and Slavery, to de- 
 pofc King James ; and therefore not 
 Hibinitting to take the Oath of Allegi- 
 ance to King William III. when the 
 Parliament had fct him on the Throne, 
 sad King James by flying had abdicated 
 the Nation, he was deprived of his See, 
 and lived many Years in a lequcftered 
 and poor Condition , under the 
 Name of a Nonjuror. His See being 
 thus vacant, DoGor William Beveridge, 
 lleftor of St, Peters-Church in Cornhil, 
 
 before Chrift's Coming, is Jefus of Na- 
 zareth, believed on in the Gentile World ; 
 he hath fevcral other Books and Ser- 
 mons in Print, which have as great a 
 Manifelhition of his Piety, as Learning. 
 He was killed in the great Tcmpcft of 
 1/03.. by the Fall of fomc Part of his 
 Palace at Wells, with his Wife, an. 1703. 
 Nov. 16. and 
 
 Dr. George Hooper fuccceded him. He 
 was educated in Cbrijl- Chunk ; and being 
 Deputy Orator in 1665. when Thomas 
 Boteler Earl of Ojfery in Ireland^ and 
 Lord Bntler of More-park in England, cl- 
 dcft Son of the Duke of Ormond ; George 
 Douglas Son of Marquefs Douglas in 
 Scotland, and Sir Nicholas Armourer Kt. 
 Governor of Duncannon- Caftle, were ad- 
 mitted to the Degree of Doftors of Laws 
 in Oxford; he congratulated them with 
 an accurate Speech in the Name of the 
 Univerfity ; as he did alfo WiUiam Juli- 
 us Coyft, Embaflador Extraordinary 
 from the King of Sweden to King 
 Charles II. when he was admitted to the 
 Degree of Matter of Arts ; made Reftor 
 of Lambeth in 167 5. and Bifhop of 
 this See in 1703. He is yet living, but 
 very aged, in 1727. Mr. Fox tells us, 
 that the Diocefe of Bath paid 12 /. 5 /. 
 for its Peter-fence to the Pope.
 
 SO M E R S ET S HI RE. 
 Of the See of Briflol, and its Bijhofs. 
 
 BRISTOL being a City and Coun- 
 ty of it felf, can't properly be rec- 
 koned a Part of any other County, but 
 becaufe it is fituate between Two Coun- 
 ties, viz- this, and Gloucefterjhire, and is 
 defcribed by Mr. Cambden ( whofe Me- 
 thod we chiefly follow ) in this County, 
 as may be obferved we have done above, 
 therefore we fliall now confider it as 
 the Seat of a Bifliop, and give the beft 
 Account we can of its Original, and the 
 Succeflion of its Bilhops. It is a new 
 Bilhoprick, made by King Henry VIII. 
 out of the Spoils of an oldMonaftery. 
 The Monaftery was founded by Robert 
 Fitz-kardinp, fo called, becaufe he was 
 the Son of Harding, King of Denmark. 
 He being Mayor of the City of Brijlol, 
 Anno 1148. built it near the City ; and 
 having dedicated it to St. Augufcin, placed 
 in it Canons Regular of that Order. 
 King Henry II. in whofe Favour Robert 
 was fb much, that he married him to the 
 Heirefs of the Berkleys, then Barons, as 
 they continue by Defcent from him, 
 confirmed this Foundation, and increa- 
 fed the Revenues of it, as it continued till 
 the Reign of K. Henry VIII. who having 
 diflolved all the Religious Houfes of the 
 Kingdom, contrived to .make fome A- 
 mends by cre&ing Six new Bifliopricks; 
 of which this was one ; which he did thus : 
 The Church of the Monaftery he made 
 the Cathedral, and the Revenues he 
 fettled partly upon the Bifliop, and 
 partly on the Chapter; which he or- 
 dered to confift of a Dean, and Six Pre- 
 bendaries. As to the Diocefc, he took 
 Eorfetfiire from the See of Salisbury, and 
 gave it to this See, making Brijlol the 
 Capital of it, and 
 
 Paul Bajl> the firft Bifhop of ir. He 
 was of the Univerfity of Oxford, where 
 having taken hisDegrccs in Arts, (being 
 then a celebrated Poet ) he applied his 
 Mind at length to the Study of Divini- 
 ty; and to that End entred into the Or- 
 der of Friars, called Bonboms, but lived 
 
 among the Friars of the Or<Jer of St. 
 Augujlin ( now JVadham Co liege ) fituare 
 in the Suburbs of Oxford, and there grew 
 fo eminent, that he was chofcn Provin- 
 cial of the Bonloms. This Perfon being 
 noted for his Learning, as well in Phy- 
 fick and Divinity, as for his fingular 
 Piety, at the Time of the Ere&ing of 
 this See was nominated by the King 
 the firft Bifliop of it, and by the Name 
 of Paulus Bujh, Capetlanus Regif, QP San- 
 8* Tbeologr* Baccalaureus, had the Tem- 
 poralties of this See fettled on him. In 
 the Reign of King Edward VI. he mar- 
 ried Mrs. Edytb Afoley, which in the 
 Time of Queen Mary's Reign being 
 chiefly obje&cd againft him, as a Thing 
 not fit for a Bifhop, he was deprived, 
 and ever after lived in a private Ca- 
 pacity in this City. He hath written 
 many Things in Divinity and Medicine, 
 both in Profc, and Vcrfe, and died 
 Oftob. 11. 1558. At. 68. He was buried 
 on the North Side of the Cathedral in 
 the Quire, and a Monument was foon 
 ere&ed over his Grave, with his Effigies 
 in Epifcopal Robes, and the Time of 
 his Death, and Age. 
 
 J-ohn Holy wan fucceeded him imme- 
 diately after his Deprivation. He was 
 a zealous Champion for the Queen's 
 Religion, both in his Preaching and 
 Writings, inveighing againft the Luthe- 
 rans. He having had his Education in 
 Wickbam School, took his Degrees in 
 Arts in New College , Oxford, but removed 
 to Exeter College, for the Benefit of a 
 learned Convocation, and Books. He 
 was bencficed for fome Time, but at 
 length became a Monk in St. .Mary's 
 Abbey at Reading, from whence afrcr 
 Five Years he was ejcfted upon the Dif- 
 folution of the Abbey, and lived near 
 20 Years at Handborottgh near WooSftock in 
 Oxfordshire, as the Re&or, but fometimes 
 in Exeter College. In 1554. upon the 
 Deprivation of Paul Btfi, he was pro- 
 moted to this See, and fat in it to the 
 
 Time
 
 SO M ERSE 7 S HIRE. 
 
 Time of his Death, which happened in 
 1 558. He wrote, according to his Prin- 
 ciple, Traftatus contra Doftrinam Lutheri^ 
 and Defenjio matrimonii Regis Hennci VllL 
 cum Catharina, Regina, which, 'tis pro- 
 bable, got him this Bilhoprick. He was 
 buried in the Chancel of Handbovgugh 
 Church, and lefc by his Will the Works 
 of feveral of the Fathers to fVickbam's 
 College near Winchefier. He outlived 
 Bujh bur a few Months. 
 
 Richard Cheney Bachelor of Divini- 
 ty, and then Bifliop of G/0ce/kr,fucceeded 
 him, having a Grant from Queen Eli- 
 zabeth to hold this See in Commendam 
 with ir. He was educated at fern- 
 broke Hall, Cambridge : He was Archdea- 
 con of Hereford in King Edward's Reign, 
 and had fome Dignities, but was depri- 
 ved of all his Spiritualties by Queen Ma- 
 ry , becaufe he was thought to favour 
 Luther's Doftrine more than he ought ; 
 .but upon the Acceflion of Queen Eliza- 
 beth he was made a Canon of the Col- 
 legiate Church of St. Peter, Weftminfter, 
 which he held till he was raifed to this 
 See and Glo.ejler together in i 562. and 
 held them to his Death, which hap- 
 pened 1578. Some Things in this Bi- 
 ihop were extraordinary ; as, That he 
 commenced Do&or of Divinity Three 
 Years after he was made Bifliop ; but it 
 was by a Proxy : Thar rho' he was ori- 
 ginally a Roman Catholick, yet in the 
 Beginning of Queen Marys Reign he 
 difputed againft the Mais and real Pro- 
 fence, in the Convocation of rhe Clergy 
 then held, but was forced to abl'cond for 
 it. One of his Succeflbrs, -v/. Godfree 
 Goodman [it fhould be Goldsborougb] is 
 laid to have aflerted that this Bifhop 
 was always a Papift, and never a Fa- 
 vourer of Luther s Do&rines ; and that 
 he was fufpended from his See for Po- 
 pery, and fo died, becaufe he would not 
 recant; but we can find no Grounds to 
 believe this Chara&er of him, and fo 
 leave it as prat'n dicium- 
 
 John Bullingham, Doftor of Divinity 
 fuccecded him. He was a Glocefterjbire 
 Man by Birth, and educated in Magda- 
 lene College, Oxford, where he was Pro- 
 
 bationer Fellow. He was very intimate 
 with Julius Palmer, the Protettant Mar- 
 tyr, of whofe Sufferings he gave an Ac- 
 count at large to Mr. J..Fox the Mar- 
 tyrologift, from Bridenorth in Shropshire in 
 1561. in a Letter found in Fox's A&s 
 and Monuments. Before he wasMafter 
 of Arts, he was driven from the Uni- 
 verfity by rhe Perfecution raifed by 
 Queen Mary, and retired beyond Sea, 
 where he continued till Queen Elizabeth 
 came to the Throne, and then returning 
 into England^ became well beneficed, 
 and was made Archdeacon of Hunting- 
 ton in 1567; Prebendary of Worcefter\n 
 the Year following ; and in 1 581. Bilhop 
 ofGIoceJler, holding this See in Commen- 
 dam, as his Predeceflbr had done for 
 16 Years; but he continued Commen- 
 datary but Eight Years; for in 1589. 
 Briftol was taken from him, and the Re- 
 &ory of Kilmington, or Calmington in the 
 Dioccfe of Wettf, conferred upon him. 
 He died May 20. 1596, and was buried 
 in his Cathedral at Glocejler; but the See 
 of Eriflol was long before given to 
 
 Rihard Fletcher, Dotor of Divinity, 
 and Dean of Peterborough. He was a 
 Kentijl) Man born ; and having been Fel- 
 low fome Time of Bennet College, Cam. 
 bridge, was raifed to the Deanery of Pe- 
 terborough in 1583. He was appointed 
 by Queen Elizabeth to pray for and with 
 Mary, Queen of S ots, when fhe was to 
 fuffer Death at Fotheringay Cattle in 
 Nortbamptovjlnre, and was much blamed 
 by fome, for endeavouring to perfwade 
 her to renounce her Religion, to her 
 great Difturbance ; but not by the 
 Queen ; for a few Years after file pre- 
 ferred him to this See of Brijtol to his 
 greatAdvantage,there being manyLeafcs 
 to be renewed in that Biflioprick, which 
 had not had a Bifliop of its own for a- 
 bove 30 Years; and at rhe fame Time 
 he wasconltituted her Almoner. He held 
 Brijtol about 3 Years, and was in i 593. 
 rranllatcd to Worcejler,a.nd the next Year 
 to London, where he died difcontentedly 
 in i 596. The Caufe was this : He mar- 
 ried a fecond Wife, a very handftxn 
 Widow, the Lady Baker, which fo dif- 
 3 jpleafed
 
 S ME R S 'E'T S~H I'K'E. 3*3 
 
 plealed the Queen, (as fhe^al ways was Rowland Searchfeld, a Londoner born, 
 
 with the Marriage of the Clergy ) that educated in Merchant-Tailors School, 
 
 Ihe withdrew her Favour from him, from whence going to St. John's College, 
 
 which caft him into fiich a Fit of Me- Oxford, he became Fellow of that Houfe, 
 
 lancholy, that he was never at Eafe Pro&or of the Univerfity, and DoQor 
 
 but when he was fmoaking Tobacco, of of Divinity. Leaving the Univerfity, 
 
 the immoderate Ufc of which he died, he obtained the Vicarage of Emly in 
 
 John ThomboroHgh, Bachelor of Di- Northamptonshire, and the ReSory of 
 
 vinity, Bifhop of Limerick in Ireland, and Botvthorp in Glou ejierjhire ; but leaving 
 
 Dean of Tork, who was educated in Mag- the former after lomc Time, he took 
 
 dalene College, Oxford, was tranflated to the Vicarage of Cherlbury in Oxfordjlrire, 
 
 this See, having a Grant to hold his where he ferved his Country in the Qua- 
 
 Deancry with it, Anno 1603. When he lity of a Juftice of Peace, till he was 
 
 was Bifhop of Limerick, he did many removed to this See, upon the Tranfla- 
 
 fignal Services for the Englifi Crown, tion of Nicholas Felton to Ely, to which 
 
 wnich made Way for him to this See, he was confecratcd May 9. 1619. He 
 
 which he held 13 Years> and was then held this See about Four Years, and dy- 
 
 tranflated to Worcefter. He was a Per- ing in 1622, was buried near the Com- 
 
 fbn well furnifhed with Learning, Wif- munion-Table, at the upper End of the 
 
 dom, Courage, and other Accomplifh- Quire of his Cathedral. He leftfomeChil- 
 
 ments befecming him in all his Stations dren, and was fucceeded in this See by 
 
 of a Gentleman, Dean, and Bifhop. He Dr. Robert Wright. 'Tis faid that one 
 
 is alfo commended for his great Skill Mr. Kevercher ftrove hard to have got 
 
 in Chymiftry, a Study rarely followed into this Bifhoprick ; by what Intereft, 
 in his Time. He hath fome Writings 
 extant about the Union of the Kingdoms 
 of England and Sntland ; a Treatife of 
 Chymiftry, and another about the Sa- 
 crament. He died at Hartilborough Ca- 
 
 we find not, but was disappointed ; but 
 Dr. Wright's being the greater, prevailed. 
 He Was born at St. Albans, Hertfirdjt>ire t 
 and educated in Trinity College, Oxford^ 
 where he took his Degrees in Arts, and 
 
 ftle in Worcejlerjhire in 1641. and was was Fellow fome Time. Having taken 
 buried in Worcefter Cathedral under a Holy Orders, he was made Re&or of 
 Monument which he had ere&ed for Sonning in Berkjhire, and Hayes in Middle' 
 himfelf 14 Years before he died. He fex, Chaplain to Queen Elizabeth, Re- 
 married Two Wives, and by the firft flor of Borton on the Water in Gloucefler- 
 left Sir Benjamin ThomboroHgh, Knt. and Jhire, Canon Refidentiary, and Trea- 
 Edward Thornborough, Archdeacon of War- furer of Wells, and firft Warden of Wad- 
 cejler; and by his fecond, Sir Tho. Thorn- ham College ; which Place he refigned, , 
 borough, Knt. of Elmley -L.vet in Worcefter- becaufe he was not permitted to marry 
 Jhire. His Brother Giles was Subdean by the Fpundrefs Lady Dorothy Wadbam. 
 and Canon of Sxrum. He forefeeing Being ftill Chaplain to King James I. 
 
 he was nominated in 1622. to this See, 
 and confecratcd Mar. 23. at Lambeth, , 
 Dr. Featley preaching the Confccration ; 
 Sermon on Jo. xx. 22. He fate here a- 
 bout Ten Years, and then was removed i 
 
 the Troubles coming on before his 
 Death, told K. Charles I. That as he had 
 outlived fcveral that expected his Bi- 
 fhoprick, he feared hcfhould outlive the 
 Bifhoprick it felf, the Enemies of Epif- 
 
 copacy appearing fo openly and boldly, to the See of Llchfeld and Coventry. Af- 
 
 Dr. Nicholas Felton , Mafter of Pembroke- tcr him 
 Hall in Cambridge fiiccccding him in this 
 See, was confccrated to it Decemb. 14. 
 . but fat no longer than till March 
 
 14. 1618. when he was tranflated to the 
 Sec of Ely, leaving this Sec to 
 
 George Ceo/6, fome time of Pembrook Hall 
 in Cambridge, obtained this Sec. He was 
 the Brother to Sir John Ccck,*t that Time 
 Secretary of State. He fate here about 
 Three Years, and was then tranflated to 
 Hereford, leaving this See to
 
 Ox c /^ 71/f T7 "O C 1 
 
 c<54 A C/ M F* K- a J 
 
 Robert Skinner, Rector of Pitchford, or 
 Pisford in Northamptonshire. He was born 
 at Pisfcrd, and being educated in Trinity 
 Colloge, Oxford, was made Fellow of it. 
 Being Matter of Arts, he entred into 
 Holy Orders, and became a noted Tu- 
 tor in his College; fome of his Pupils 
 proving Men of Eminency, as Mr. Chil- 
 lingivorth, ^\\ds,cNeivdigate, &c. In 1621. 
 commencing Bachelor of Divinity, he 
 went up to London, and was unexpectedly 
 chofen Preacher of St. Gregory's Church 
 near St. Pauls, where preaching twice 
 every Sunday for Nine Years, he ob- 
 tained the Love, Honour and Applaufe 
 among the People, efpecially the Puri- 
 tans. When Dr. Laud was made Bifhop 
 of London, he procured him to be made 
 and fworn Chaplain in Ordinary to King 
 Charles I. and endeavouring to take him 
 oif from the Principles he profeffcd, 
 gave him the Rectory of Launton near 
 Bijler in Qxfordjhire t and made him Mi- 
 nifter of Greevfacrton. In 1656. he was 
 cleared Bifhop of this See, and as fuch 
 diplomated Doctor of Divinity of the 
 Univerfity of Oxford, having Liberty al- 
 lowed him (after the Temporalties of 
 rhe See were reftored ) to keep Launton 
 and Grsenfncrton in Commendam with it. 
 He held this See about Five Years, and 
 then upon the Death of Dr. Bancroft was 
 tranflated to Oxford; in which See con- 
 tinuing, he was one of the Twelve Bi- 
 iliops that figncd a Proteftation againft 
 the Proceedings of the Parliament then 
 fitting, which excluded the Bifhops 
 Votes, and with them was imprifbncd 
 18 Months, and loft all his Spiritualties, 
 bat L.-iunton, which by fome Compliances 
 \vich the Men of thofe Times he kept 
 for the Maintenance of himfelf and Fa- 
 mily; yet he did ufually read the Com- 
 mon Prayer, and was the only Bifhop 
 that dared to confer Orders. He lived 
 to the Rcftoration of King CharleslL and 
 was rc-cnftated in this See. He was 
 one of the Commiffioners for Reforming 
 the Univerlity, but was not tranflated 
 ro a better, as was expected, bccaufe his 
 Enemies objected to him that in feme 
 Part he fubmitted to the ufurping 
 
 Powers ; yet afterwards he was tranflated 
 to Worcejler. In this See he was fuc- 
 ceeded by 
 
 Thomas Wejtfeld, Doctor of Divinity 
 of Cambridge. He Was born in St. Mary's 
 Parifh in the City of Ely, and educated 
 in J-efus College, where he was fuccc- 
 fively Scholar and Fellow : Afterwards 
 he became Rector of Hornfey, near Lon- 
 don, and Rector of St. Bartholomew the 
 Great in that City, and Archdeacon of 
 St. Albans. In 1641. he was advanced 
 to this See, and allowed to keep his 
 Archdeaconry with it; t>ut it was not 
 for any Advantage : He might have had 
 it 20 Years before, and now in the worft 
 of Times accepted it, in Hopes that he 
 might have done fome llgnal Ser- 
 vices for the Church. In the Beginning 
 of the Troubles he was abufed in the 
 Streets, fcqucftred from St. Bartholomew's, 
 and forced to fly. He died jfune 25. 
 1644. which tho' it was before the actual 
 Diffolution of the Cathedrals, yet this 
 excellent Bifhop had fuffered much, be- 
 caufe he was in Effect, though not for- 
 mally, deprived of his See, the Profits 
 of it being detained from him for fome 
 Time, tho' afterwards the Committee of 
 Parliament ordered them to be reftored, 
 with this Character of him, That he was 
 a Pcrfon of great Learning and Merit. 
 In his Will he bequeathed his Goods, 
 he knew not what, nor where. On his 
 Tomb he caufed it to be written, That 
 he died Senio & Mcenre confeflas, and 
 calls himfelf, according to his wonted 
 Humility and Modefty, Epifcoporum inf- 
 mtts, Peccatontm primus. He was buried 
 in his Cathedral, at the upper End of 
 the Ifle by the Quire. What Writings 
 of his are extant , were published 
 after his. Death. The See being thus 
 vacant, his Majefty was pleafed to no- 
 minate 
 
 Thomas Howel, Doctor of Divinity, his 
 Succeffor. He was born in Carmarthan- 
 jhire, and being educated in J-efus Col- 
 lege, Oxford, became fucccfllvely Scho- 
 lar and Fellow. Afterwards he was made 
 Chaplain to the King, Charles I. and ob- 
 tained the Re&ories of St. Stephen rVal- 
 
 brotfc
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 brook in London, and Wejl-Hcrfeley in Sur- 
 rey. When the Troubles began, he was 
 pcrfecuted from his Livings; whereupon 
 his Majefty preferred him fo this Bi- 
 fhoprick, and he was confecrated at 
 Oxford, Archbifhop UJljer ailifiing at the 
 Ceremony. The Rebels followed him 
 to this Place, and by mod barbarous 
 Ufage ditturbed and broke his Spirits, 
 which was worfe than plundering him. 
 They ript up the Roof of his Palace, 
 which was covered with Lead, and fold 
 it, and fo left his Family and himfelf 
 expofed to the Weather both Day and 
 Night, which was terrible to his Lady, 
 who, they knew, was with Child. And 
 becaufe they faw he did not yet leave 
 it, as they defigned to oblige him , they 
 pulled and hailed him out violently, 
 and when they had done, made in it a 
 Malt-honfe, and Malt-mill, intending 
 to put up a Furnace for Brewing in the 
 Place of the Alter. This Ufage fo af- 
 fected him, that he did not long fur- 
 vive their Cruelty and Profanenefs ; but 
 being of a mild and weak Spirit, died 
 foon after, in 1646. and was buried in 
 his Cathedral under a Stone, but with 
 this Supcrfcription only, Expergifcar. 
 He was a meek and good Preacher, a 
 Perfon of great Candor and Eloquence, 
 with which he prevailed fo much in his 
 Diocefe, that whereas he found few 
 well affected to him when he came, he 
 left as few ill affected when he died ; 
 and the City was fo much in Love with 
 his Gcodnefs, that they took Care of his 
 Children for their Father's fake. After 
 him there was no Bifhop of this See (no 
 more than all the Reft > till the Reite- 
 ration of King Charles II. when that 
 Prince nominated into this See 
 
 Gilbert Ironfede, Rector of Winterbonrn- 
 Stapleton, and Winterbouin Abbots in Dor- 
 fetjlrire. He was born at Haivksbury near 
 Sadbury in OxfordJInre, and being educated 
 in Trinity College, was Scholar and Fel- 
 low of it. He kept his Livings till af- 
 ter the King's Restoration ; and having 
 been made Prebendary of Thokerington in 
 the Church of York, in 1660. was foon 
 after preferred to the See of Brijlol, to 
 
 which he was conlecrated at St. Peter's, 
 Wejlminjler, Jan. 6. the fame Year. He 
 having not been a Chaplain to any King, 
 Bifhop, or Nobleman, nor any Digni- 
 tary in the Church, is fuppofcd to have 
 been railed to this Bifhoprick bscav.lc 
 he was wealthy, and fo firtcft for this 
 mean Bifhoprick. He hath norhing in 
 Print but Two little Tracts; one e'ntitled 
 Seven Ojfefticns of the Sabbath, and the 
 other a Sermon. He died at Brijiol, Sept* 
 19. i67r. nnd was buried in the Cathe- 
 dral near the Bilhops Stivll. 
 
 Guy Cavlton, Dean of Carl/Jle, and Pre- 
 bendary of Durham, fuccccdcd him. He 
 was born of an antient and gentile Fa- 
 mily at Brompton-foot in Cumberland, c- 
 ducatcd at C-rrlifie Sclioo! ; and being ad- 
 mitted a poor Servitor of ^Orteen's CoMege, 
 Oxford, became a Tabarder and Fellow 
 there, and in 1635. one of the Proctors 
 of that UniverJity. He was Vicar of 
 Bucklesliury in BerL'(l)!re before the Civil 
 Wars, but left it when the Rebellion 
 began, and took Part with his Majcrty, 
 to whom he did good Service, being an 
 excellent Horfcman ; for which he fuf- 
 fered, as other Royaiifts did, fcverely 
 afterwards. After his Majelty King 
 Charles II. 's Rcftoration he was made 
 one of his Chaplains, and then taking 
 his Doctor's Degree, Aug. 1660, he ob- 
 tained the fonm:r Preferments, and up- 
 on Bifhop froKJtde's Death was nominated 
 Bifhop of this See, and confccrated Feb. 
 it. 1671. being allowed to hold his Pre- 
 bend in Covimendam. He held this See 
 about Seven Years, and was then tranl- 
 latcd to Cbichejler, where he fate till he 
 died in 1685. His SucceiVor in this See 
 was 
 
 William Gonlfon, or Guljton, a Leicefter- 
 jhire Man, educated in St. John's College, 
 Cambridge, and afterwards Chaplain to 
 the Dutchcfs of Some rfet, who prcfcnted 
 him to the Rectory of Simondtbury in 
 Dorfetjhire. By her Interclt alfo, 'tis 'pro- 
 bable, he obtained this See, to which he 
 was confecrated at Lambeth, Feb. 9. 1678. 
 He enjoyed this Dignity about Six Years, 
 and then dying at Simcndsbury, which 
 we guefs he held inCommendam with this 
 R r r r r fmuJl
 
 SO M E R S E f S HIRE. 
 
 fmall Btmoprick, was buried in the 
 Chancel of that Parifh-Church. To 
 him in this See 
 
 Dr. John Lake fucceedcd. He was 
 born in Tcrkjhire, and having been edu- 
 cated in St. Johns College, Cambridge, 
 took his Degrees in Arts and Divinity 
 there. He was a Perfon of great Me- 
 rir, and according to his Deferts had 
 many Preferments beftowedon him-, for 
 he was Rc&or of St. Botolph's near Bi- 
 Hiopgate, London, as alfo of Prejiwick in 
 Cbfjhire, Prebendary of Friday -thorp in 
 the Church of Tork ; in which City ha- 
 ving been a Preacher fome Time, he was 
 upon the Death of Dr. Robert Field in- 
 ftallcd Archdeacon of Cleveland. In the 
 Year 1682. he was, upon the Death of 
 Dr. Henry Eridonran, nominated by the 
 Earl of Darby Bifhop of the IJle of Man ; 
 to which he was confecrated at Chefter, 
 Decemb. 1682,. But before he had conti- 
 nued in that See Two Years, he was 
 upon the Death of Dr. Goulfon ele&ed 
 Bifhop of BrijloJ, to which he was con- 
 iccratcd in "Bow Church, London, Aug. i ^. 
 1 684. but was allowed to keep his Pre- 
 bend and Livings with it. He enjoyed 
 this See but one Year, and then was 
 tranflated to Chichejler y of which See he 
 was deprived in 1 689, as we mall here- 
 after (hew. In this See his Succeflbr 
 
 was 
 
 Jonathan TreJattny, of Chrifl-Church, Ox- 
 ford, where he commenced Bachelor 
 of Arts in 1672; and having proceeded 
 in Arts, his Elder Brother died, and he 
 became a Baronet; with which Title 
 he inherited the large Eftate of his Fa- 
 mily. Upon the Tranflation of Dr. 
 J.ake to Chlchefter, he was nominated Bi- 
 fhop of 'Brijiol, and thereupon being 
 t'.iplomated at Oxford Doftor of Divini- 
 ty, was confecrated November 8, 1685. 
 "While he continued in this See, King 
 James II. publifned his Declaration for 
 Liberty of Confidence, and ordered it 
 ro be difpcrfcd by the Bifhops all over 
 England, and read in all Churches ; 
 which giving a general Difguft to all 
 the Bifhops, as indeed it did to all the 
 Llcrgy, Seven Bifhops (of which Sir 
 
 Jon. Trelauny was one) were deputed to 
 carry a Petition to his Majefty, to 
 fhew their Averfcnefs, QPc. Which being 
 interpreted a Libel, they were impn- 
 foncd, &c. After the Revolution he 
 was tranflated to Exeter, and from thence 
 to Winchefter, in which See he died 
 . To him fiicceeded 
 in this See 
 
 Gilbert Ironjlde, DoQor of Divinity, 
 Son of the above mentioned Gilbert Iron- 
 fide, Bifhop of this See. He was confe- 
 crated in the Bifhop of London's Chap- 
 pel at Fulham, Otfob. 13, 1689. with Dr. 
 Stillingfleet, Dean of St. Paul's Cathe- 
 dral, who was then made Bifhop of Wor- 
 cefter, and Dr. Simon Patrick, Bifhop of 
 Chlchejler, He fat here not above Two 
 Years, and was then tranflated to the 
 See of Hereford, leaving this See to 
 
 Dr. John HaU, Matter of Pembrook 
 Hall in Oxford, who was confecrated 
 Aug. 30, 1 69 1 . by John, Lord Archbifhop 
 of Canterbury, Gilbert, Bifhop of Sarum, 
 Peter, Bifhop of Wlnchefler, John, Bifhop 
 of Norwich, and Edward, Bifhop of GJou- 
 cefter, in Bow -Church He fat about Eight 
 Years, and at his Death his See was 
 given to 
 
 Dr. John Robinfon, who had for fome 
 Years before been the Englip Refident 
 to the Northern Powers, and was, while 
 he fat there, one of the Plenipotentiaries 
 for the Englijh Nation at the Treaty of 
 Utrecht ; from whence being returned, 
 he was, upon the Death of Dr. Henry 
 Compton, Bifhop of London, tranflated to 
 that See, where we have fpoken more 
 fully of him ; and this See of Brijlol was 
 difpofed of to 
 
 Dr. George Smalridee. He had his E- 
 ducation in Chrift- Church, Oxford, and 
 was made Dean of that College in 1713. 
 where he had not been placed much a- 
 bovc a Year, but upon the Tranflation 
 of Dr. John Robinfon to the Bifhoprick 
 of London, he was raifed to this Sec of 
 Brijlol, and confecrated to it April the 
 Fourth, 1714. He held his Deanery 
 with his Bifhoprick, becaule it was 
 fmall ; and dying in the Year 1718, or 
 thereabouts, was fucceeded in this See by 
 
 Dr.
 
 SO ME R. S E? SHIRE. 
 
 867 
 
 Dr. Htfgb "Boulter > who having pre- Dr. John Brstdfiaw was elcScd and 
 
 fided in this See about Six Years, was confecrated Bifliop of this Sec the 
 
 in the Year 1724 tranflated to the Arch- fame Year, and in this Year 1726. is 
 
 biflioprick of Armagh ia the Kingdom Bifhop of it. 
 of Ireland, in which he ftill governs, and 
 
 The Monafteries of this County 
 
 WELLS, a College and Church, 
 built here by Ina, King of the 
 pVeJi-Saxotis, Anno 704. and dedicated to 
 St. Andrew, for Benedittine Monks. About 
 Sixty Years after, Kyneivolf his Succeflbr 
 in that Kingdom, viz- Anno 766. for the 
 Pardon of his Sins, and for fome Ve- 
 xations which he underwent- from the 
 Inhabitants of Cornwal, gave to the A- 
 poftle St. Andrew, and the Monks fer- 
 ving God in thisHoufe, for their Suften. 
 tation and Maintenance, that they might 
 the more diligently ferve God only, 
 Eleven Farms, or Manfions, (defcribed 
 by their Buttings and Boundings in the 
 Charter, or Grant, let down in Godwin, 
 de r<tful p- 413. at large for the Anti- 
 quity and Rarity of it) conjuring all 
 Perfons not to infringe or diminifh 
 them, as they will anfwer it before Chrift 
 at the laft Day. The Epifoopal Seat 
 was not yet fettled here, but it was on- 
 ly a College, or Monaftery, as it conti- 
 nued to the Reign of King Edward the 
 Elder, who began his Reign Anno 901, 
 who is fnppofed to have made it an 
 Epifcopal See, becaufe we find Plegtnund 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury in the Year 
 905, and fourth Year of his Reign, by 
 the Pope's Allowance ordaining Seven 
 Bifhops in one Day (as is above (hewed 
 in his Life ) , of whom one was confe- 
 crated to this Church, then converted 
 into an Epifcopal See, of which AdeJmus 
 was the firft Bifliop ( as is before faid ). 
 Kins, Edward the Conffffor in 1065. gave 
 and confirmed to the Bifhop and Church 
 of Welh all the Lands and Liberties hi- 
 therto given, and made fome Additions 
 to them. 
 
 In the Reign of King Stephen, Robert, 
 Bifliop of Wells, to end a Controverfy 
 between the Citizens of WeUs and Bath, 
 about the Seat and Ele&ion of their 
 Bifhop, ordained that the Bifhops of 
 Welli for the future fhould aflume the 
 Title of Bath, and be called Bifiops of 
 Bath and Wells ; and fhould be chofen 
 by an equal Number of Canons of each 
 Church, and be inftalled at both. He 
 pulled down a great Part of the Church, 
 and new built it, ordaining not only- 
 more Prebendaries and Canons, but alfb 
 many other Officers, giving Lands at 
 the fame Time fufficient for their Main- 
 tenance. Some of the fucceeding Bi- 
 fhops were alfo considerable BenefaSors 
 to this Church, tiz. Jocelin of Welh pul- 
 led down the Weft End, and built it 
 anew from the Foundation, Anno 1239. 
 He alfo built a (lately Chapel in the 
 Palace of Wells, and another at Onkey^ 
 and purchafed many Lands and Poflef- 
 fions, and gave them to the Church ; to 
 which Ralph of Shrewsbury made large 
 Additions, repairing the Palace, and 
 other Edifices on the Lordfhips. Bi- 
 fhops Hareweft, Btibwith, Bekinton and 
 StlUinston made many other Additions to 
 the Church and Palace, as is before faid 
 in their Lives above. This College was 
 valued at the Diflblution at 41 /. 3 s. 
 3 q. per Ann. 
 
 jfohnErghutn,'Bifaop of this See, found- 
 ed a Chantry in this Church, for the 
 Souls of Gilbert and Agnes, his Parents, 
 and Agxes Robas, his Sifter. He alfo by 
 his laft Will and Teftamcnt ordered his 
 Executors (\vhich they obferved ) to 
 build a 
 
 R r r r r ^ Col-
 
 $68 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 College at Wells for Fourteen Priefts, 
 at the End of the Street, called from 
 thence College- Lane; and appointed that 
 they fhould celebrate Divine Service 
 daily in the Church of Wells. Doubt- 
 lei's he ordered a fufficicnt Maintenance 
 for them, but we find not what. 
 
 St. John's Hofpital in this City was 
 built by Hugh, Bilhop of Lincoln, and jFo- 
 cel'in, of Wells. Sir Ed.'iittnd Lyons, Knt. 
 was a Bcnefaftor to this Houfe. Thefb 
 Perfons were fo bountiful to this Hofpi- 
 tal, that at its firft Foundation it had 
 Two hundred Marks of annual Rents. 
 It was fuppreficd by Aft of Parliament, 
 being then valued at 40 /.. 2 d. ob. per 
 annum, and given to the .Earl of South- 
 ampton ; but Bifhop Clark recovered it 
 from the Earl, by an Exchange for the 
 Manor of Logmersfeld ; but he held it not 
 long. 
 
 The Hofpital of Wells. * founded by 
 Lifhop Nicholas Bubzultb for Twenty-four 
 poor People. It was built on the North- 
 iide of the Parim-Church of St. Ctttbbert 
 in this City of Wefts, and endowed com- 
 petently by the (aid Bifhop for the whole 
 Nuiaber, who were to be partly Men, 
 and partly Women. But one Stortbwait 
 made great Additions to it, and the Bi- 
 fhops Bourn and Mountagug, the Succef- 
 ibrs of i he Founder in this See, gave fo 
 much more, as made their Maintenance 
 very plentiful, as it Hill continues. 
 
 Bath, a Monafteny of Nuns of the Or- 
 der af St. Benedict, founded by Ofrick, 
 King of Deira in Northumberland, An. 676. 
 Bui Of*, King of Mercla, conquering the 
 Northumbrian^ difplaced the Nuns, and 
 pur Secular Canons in their Stead ; 
 which King Edgar changed, and intro- 
 duced Monks in their Room. King 
 William the Conqueror gave the City of 
 Satb to GOD, St. Peter, and John, Bi- 
 iliop of Wells, for the Augmentation of 
 liis Epifcopal Seat. John was not a lit- 
 tle pleafed with the Gift, and prefently 
 thought of removing his Sec from Wells % 
 then but a fmall Village, to Batb, a 
 confidcrable City, but found no fit Op- 
 portunity to do it in the Conqueror's Days. 
 William Rttfus coming to the Throne, 
 
 he brought about his Purpofe v and ha- 
 ving removed his Scat to Batb, con- 
 verted the whole City into his own, 
 and Friends Ufe ; and to fecurethe Po-f- 
 feflion, gave King Henry I. Five hun- 
 dred Pounds for the Proper :y in the 
 Baths, and a Conftitution and Confir- 
 mation of the Epifcopal Seat of Sower* 
 fetjlnre, which formely was at Wells, to 
 be at "Bath ; which was granted him by 
 Charter Anno mi. Reg. 12. Jobn ha- 
 ving thus fixed the See at Batb, by his 
 Deed dated 1 106. appointed the Church 
 of St. Peter there to be the Head and 
 Mother-Church of the Diocefe, and re- 
 itored the Lands which the Conqueror 
 had given him in Batb, to the Mona- 
 ftery, to which they did formerly be- 
 long, with an Anathema to all fuch as 
 fhould prefume to violate his Gift and 
 Reftoration. 
 
 The Original of this Mohaftcry at 
 Bath feems to be this. Elpbegus after 
 a learned Education coming to a true 
 Senfc of Religion, withdrew from the 
 World, and retired into the Mona- 
 ftery of Dearhurft in GlouceJterjJnre, where 
 were but few Inhabitants, but thole very 
 virtuous; yet not ufing fuch rigorous 
 Auftcritics as he defired, he left their 
 Monaftery, and travelled to a Place 
 railed Batban, from the hot Waters in 
 which Men ufed to bathe, where he builc 
 himfelf a Cell, and fhutting himfelf up 
 in it, pra&ifed incredible Aufterities. 
 Many Perfons relortcd to him for fpiri- 
 tual Advice, and Difeafcs, and having 
 found great Benefit thereby, fome fol- 
 lowed his Example, and others beftowcd 
 great Gifts on him, by which Means 
 the Number of Monks jncreafed, and 
 he was enabled to build a large Houfe for 
 them. He prefidcd over them fome Time, 
 inftructing them to fubdue their car- 
 nal Appetites, and inculcating on them 
 his holy Admonitions, and then with- 
 drew himfelf into an extraordinary little 
 Cell -. But tho* he concealed his Pcrfon, 
 his Virtues and Piety he could not ; for 
 Atkekvald, Bifliop of Wincejler dying, he 
 was, by the Dire&ion of Dunjlan, Arch- 
 bifliop of Canterbury , chofen into hisSce 
 
 and
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 and confecratcd to it Oct. 16. 984. In 
 this Dignity ( having appointed a pro- 
 per Perfon to overlook his Monks ) he 
 behaved himfelf Jo, that he was the 
 Love and Admiration of all, afte&ionate 
 and tender-hearted, devout, and beyond 
 Meafure abftemious, bountiful and mu- 
 nificent, infomuch that none wanted in 
 his Diocefe. Dunjlan hearing of his 
 wonderful SanHfy, prayed to God that 
 he might be his Succeflbr, which God 
 granted ; for he dying, Elphege was una- 
 nimoufly chofen, Anno 1006. tit. 52. 
 His Advance made no Alteration in his 
 Courfe of Living, but increafcd his holy 
 Zeal and Piety for the Good of the 
 Church. He held frequent Synods, ex- 
 pounded the Chriftian Faith, excited Sin- 
 ners to Repentance, bewailing their 
 Crimes, and praying to God for them. 
 In his Time the Danes infefting England, 
 befieged Canterbury, and having fet it on 
 Fire, took this Holy Prelate and put 
 him to Death; which being heard of at 
 London, the Citizens bought his Body of 
 the Danes, and buried it in St. Paul's 
 Church ; but King Canute the Dane re- 
 moved it to Canterbury. After the Death 
 of his Deputy in the Monaftery 
 
 Stigand was chofen Abbot of it. He 
 lived in the Beginning of the Conqueror's 
 Reign, and was carried into Normandy 
 with Stigand, Archbifhop of Canterbury, 
 by that King. Who was his Succeflbr, 
 v/e find not, but 
 
 Alfius, or Eljt, appears to have been 
 the Abbat in 1075. After his Death, 
 which happened in 1087. Johnde VlUula^ 
 Bifhop of Wells > obtained this Abbey, 
 then vacant, and having annexed it to 
 his See, appointed a Prior to govern it. 
 Nineteen Priors governed this Mona- 
 
 of the Abbies put a Stop to it. When 
 it came into the King's Hands, it was- 
 offered to the Townfmen, but they were 
 afraid to purchafc it, tho' the 1'rice, viz*. 
 500 Marks, was but fmall ; wherefore 
 the King's Commiffipners being obliged 
 to make the moft of it, ftript i: of, and 
 fold the Lead, Glafs, Iron, Timber; 
 and other Materials, leaving only bare 
 Walls, as it remained, expofed to the- 
 Weather near an Hundred Years, till 
 foine pious Souls taking it into their 
 Hearts to reftore it to its antient Beau- 
 ty, partly at their own Charge, and 
 partly by Contributions, have at length- 
 fo repaired and adorned it, that it may 
 yield to few Churhes in "England for li- 
 legancy of Stru&urc, and fair modern 
 Monuments. The Revenues of the Mo- 
 naftery at the Diflblution were found to- 
 be 617 /. a /. 3'rf. Dug. 695 /. 6 s. o d. 
 Speed, per Ar.n. This Priory was a Ca- 
 thedral Priory, and the Abbots of ic 
 were Bifhops, and the Monks Canons. 
 
 The Hofpital of St. John was built 
 and endowed by Reginald Fitz-Jocelin, 
 Bifliop of this Sec, which at the Diflb- 
 lution was valued at. 22 /. 191. 5^. ob.. 
 fer Ann. Godwin. 
 
 Briftcl, a Mbnaftery built near the Ci^ 
 ty by Robert Fitz-Harding, Mayor of it,, 
 who having married the Heirefs of the 
 Lords Berkley, was poflefled of their Ba- 
 rony, and endowed his Monaftery, which 
 he dedicated to St. Attgujline, and thcv 
 Canons there fcrving God, with the 
 Church of Berkley, and divcrfe others: 
 K. Henry II. and K. Join confirmed ihcm 
 and ail their other liftates to this Houfe. 
 The Berkleys, defcended from the faid - 
 Robert, were great Benefactors to this- 
 
 ftery fucceflively, of which William Bird Houfe : For Maurice, his Son, gave to it 
 much affifted Bifhop King in re-edify- an Hide of Land near Berkley in 
 
 fo 
 
 ing the Church, which was grown 
 ruinous by Time, that that Bimop 
 was forced to pull it down. He carried 
 it on a pretty Way, but Death prevented 
 compleating it. Prior Gibbs, which fuc- 
 ceeded Bird, endeavoured to put an 
 End to that pious Work, and had very 
 near, finished it, when, the Diflblution 
 
 and Two Yard-Lands at Alkhten andOW- 
 Miflfter. Thomas Berkley, his Grandfbn, . 
 g.ive alfo diverfe Lands and Rents in 
 Covfley y Berkley, and Hinton, with Com- 
 mon of Pafture, V. Maurice, -his Son, , 
 alfo gave to the Monks diverfe Lands ra 
 Bevington, 1VaIgafton,9.nd Erllnghanr, with 
 Pafture for young Cattle, and Swine; and)
 
 870 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 his Son Tbowas gave Plate, Copes, and 
 Ornaments of a good Value to the Ca- 
 nons. Many of this Family were bu- 
 ried in the Church and Cloifters. King 
 Henry VIII. as is above obfervcd, con- 
 verted this Monaftery at the Diflblu- 
 tion into an Epifcopal See, as it ftill 
 continues. While it was a Monaftery ,^ 
 there was a Succeflion of 24 Abbots^ of 
 whom thefe are the moft eminent. "Ed- 
 mund Knoivle, who was the Twelfth Ab- 
 bot, ele&ed by the King's Licence, built 
 the Church, which is now the Cathedral, 
 from the Ground, with the Veftry, &>c. 
 and procured of King Edward II. a Con- 
 firmation of all the Pofleflions of his 
 Monaftery. He died in 1331. 6Edw.Hl. 
 Ralph Afie, who finding that his Prede- 
 ceflbrs had been fummoned to Parlia- 
 ment but of late Years, and that fuch 
 an Attendance was chargeable to him- 
 felf and his Monks, petitioned thatKing 
 for a Difcharge from it both for him- 
 felf, and his Succeflbrs, and obtained it, 
 becaufe his Predeceflbrs had never been 
 required to do that Service before the 
 30th Year of that King's Reign. Wil- 
 Tuim Ccok, who in the Vacancy of the 
 See of Worcejier received a Mandate for 
 his Inftallation of the .Prior of Wvr<. ejler. 
 Walter Netvbury, who was expelled Five 
 Years by Tkomas Suiter., but being re- 
 ftored, was a confidcrablc Benefa&or to 
 his Church, and built the Manor-houfe 
 of Almondbury, which at this Day be- 
 longs to the Biflioprick of Brijlo!. John 
 Newlana", who being a very learned Man, 
 and of great Abilities, was ofcen em- 
 ployed in Embaflies by King Henry VII. 
 During his Government, he much beau- 
 tified the Church wirh new Buildings, 
 and wrote an Hirtory of it, with an Ac- 
 count of the Family of the Berkleys: And 
 Morgan William^ who was the Twenty- 
 fourth and laft Abbot. He furrendred 
 the Convent into the King's Hands, An. 
 J 5 39, and had a Penfion of So /. per An- 
 num allowed him for Life. This Abbey 
 at the Diflblution was valued at 670 7. 
 1 3 /. 1 1 d. ob. Dug. 767 /. i 5 i. 5 d t Speedy 
 cr Annum. 
 
 The Priory of St. fames, founded by 
 Robert, the natural Son of K. Henry I . 
 Earl of Gloucefter, who made it a Cell 
 to the Monaftery of Tewksbury in Ghu- 
 cejlerjbire, which was founded by Robert 
 Fitz-Hamon, whofe Daughter Mabilla he 
 had married. By her he had Iflue Wil- 
 liam, who after his Death was alfo Earl 
 of Gleucefler, and a great Benefa&or to 
 this Priory ; for he gave to it diverfe 
 Lands and Tithes, and the Profits of the 
 Fair in Brijlol in Whitfun-Vfcck; which, 
 with other Lands given by other Bene- 
 fa&ors, he got confirmed by King Hen- 
 ry II. who betides gave the Monks cer- 
 tain Liberties in his Forefts. Robert, 
 the Founder of this Priory, died the laft 
 ofOttober, 12 Steph. 1137, and was bu- 
 ried in the Church of this Priory, in the 
 midft of the Quire. We find not when 
 this Priory was diflblved, nor what the 
 Value of it was at the Diflblution. 
 
 The Priory of St. Mary, founded for 
 White Friars, or Carmelite Friars, by 
 Prince Edward (afterwards K. Edward I.) 
 52 Hen. III. mentioned in Mr. Speed's 
 Catalogue of Monafteries, taken out of 
 Iceland. 
 
 Gant, alias B/7/e/w/ieHofpitaI, founded 
 by Robert de Gurnay, whofe Mother Eve 
 was Sifter and Heir of Maurice de Gant, 
 for the Health of his own Soul, and the 
 Soul of the faid Maurice^ his Uncle. 
 Henry de Gant t a Prieft, and Brother 
 of Maurice, turned it into 'a College 
 for Black Canons, which afterwards 
 Tlomas Carr, a wealthy Citizen of Bri- 
 jlol, converted again into an Hofpital 
 for Orphans. It was dedicated to St. 
 J-ohn the Evangelift, and richly endowed 
 by the Jeveral Founders, and other Be- 
 nefaftors ; for at the Diflblution it was 
 valued at 140 /. per Annum. Speed ex 
 Lei. 
 
 A Monaftery of Francifcans, Gray Fri- 
 ars, or Friars Minors, almoft buried in 
 Oblivion, mentioned neither by Dug- 
 dale, nor Speed ; of which Mr. WiUis gives 
 no ocher Account, but of the Dimcnfions 
 of the Church, That it flood in Leve- 
 r.jfme-flreety in the Parim of St. fames 
 
 in
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 in Brlftol, and was dedicated to St. Fran- 
 cis: The Quire was in Length 50 Paces, 
 and in Breadth 18 Paces ; the Nave with 
 the two great Wings 50 Paces in Length, 
 and 52 in Breadth ; and the Belfrey- 
 Squarc Tower Seven Paces, and Four 
 Arches in the North and South Ifles. 
 
 Athelney, Atheling, or JEthelingaeg, a 
 Benediftine Monaftery, founded by King 
 Alfred, who hcing driven out of his 
 Kingdom by the Danes, concealed him- 
 felf for fbme Time in the Ifland then 
 failed Edelingfey , now Athelney, which is 
 fituate at the Meeting of the Rivers 
 Thone and Parret, in the Midft of a mar- 
 fliy and unpaflable Ground, no Way to 
 be come at but by a Boat. Here he 
 lay in a very poor Attire in a Cow- 
 herd's Cottage, it not becoming his 
 Servant. Weary of lurking here, and 
 contriving to recover his Kingdom, he 
 difguifed himfelf,andas a Piper went in- 
 to the Danijh Camp; where having ob- 
 ferved their Sottiflinefs and Security, he 
 
 8 7 i 
 
 their Deaths Robert Hat/ilia was the 
 laft, who with Eight Monks (the Reft 
 probably being fled ) furrendred this 
 Convent to King Henry VIII. 's Commif- 
 fioners, and had 50 I. per Annum, a Pen- 
 fion for Life afligned them. This Ab- 
 bey was one of thofe, whofe Abbots did 
 not fit in Parliament, yet were looked 
 upon as Spiritual Lords. The Revenues 
 of it at the Diflblution were valued at 
 209 /. o i. 3 d. tj. Dug. 209 /. 3 s. o d. 
 Speed, per Annum. 
 
 Barlink, or Berling, a Preceptory, e- 
 re&ed by William de Say, upon his Ma- 
 nor of Berling in this County, valued at 
 the Suppreflion at 987. 14 s. 8. ot>. 
 per Ann. Speed. 
 
 Brew, a Nunnery, dedicated to St. 
 Mary, and St. Edwin, for Nuns of the 
 the Order of St. Benedift, mentioned by 
 Mr. Speed from Leland ; but the Foun- 
 der and Revenue is not mentioned. 
 
 Bridgwater, a Priory of Frandfcans, or 
 Grey Friars, the Founder not known; 
 
 acquainted his Friends with it, Ihewing but faid by Mr. Speed out of Leland to 
 them how cafy a Thing it were to fur- 
 prize them, and drive them out of the 
 Kingdom ; which encouraged them fo 
 that they fet upon them, and accor- 
 dingly foon drove them home. Alfred 
 
 have been valued at the Diflblution at 
 1 20 /. 195. I d. ob, per Annum. 
 
 An Hofpical, dedicated to St. John 
 the Baptift, founded by WiUiam Bri-were 
 for Thirteen poor People, befides Reli- 
 
 bcing thus reftorcd to his Kingdom, re- giousMen and Travellers, for the Health 
 
 folved here, where he had lain fafely, 
 to build a Monaftery, which he accor- 
 dingly did, and dedicated it to St. Pe- 
 
 of the Souls of King Henry II. King Ri- 
 cbard I. and K. John. Several Churches, 
 being of the Advowfon of the Mafter and 
 
 ter and Sr. Athelmtis ; but the Monaftick Brethren of this Hofpital of St. John the 
 
 Baptift, were appropriated thereunto by 
 Robert Burnel, Bifhop of Bath and Wells t 
 and Peter Quivil, Bimop of Exeter, Anno 
 1284. The Patronage of this Hofpital 
 being in the Hands of the Lord de la, 
 Zouche. who by Reafon of his Nonage 
 was in the Cuftody of King Henry VI. 
 that King granted his Licence to the 
 Prefident'and Brethren of theHoufe, to 
 eleft a new Mafter upon the Death of 
 the former, as it continued till the Dif- 
 folmion, when the Revenues were va- 
 lued at no/. 19 s. id. ob. per Annum. 
 Dugd. Which fhews that the former 
 Monaftery is t ken for this Hofpital by 
 Mr. Speed, thei Value being the fame, 
 
 Life being almoft quite out of Ufe in 
 this Nation, either becaufe of the fre- 
 quent Incurfions of Strangers, or the 
 general Loofencfs of the People, he was 
 forced to gather Monks from foreign 
 Parts, as from France, and fbme other 
 Nations. John the firft Abbot was a 
 Saxon, but the reft were Priefts and 
 Deacons of other Nations : And becaufe 
 he would have his Monks to be all in 
 Time English, he caufed Children to be 
 brought to a Monaftick Life here ; and 
 fo in Time his Houie was well ftored 
 with Englif) Monks, which continued 
 till the Diflolution, under a Succeflion of 
 Twelve Abbots. We have no more of 
 
 them than their Names, and Time of and the Account of this latter much. 
 
 clearer
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 clearer than the former. Mr. Speed fats 
 down the Earl of March, LordZouch, and 
 "L.Danbenytis Benefactors fa thisHoipital. 
 
 Bu:kland', or Bockland, an Hofpital, 
 founded by Amy, Countels of Devon^nre^ 
 Widow, for Knights Hofpitalcrs of St. 
 John of Jerufalem. Loretta, Counters of 
 Leicejler, Widow of Robert Earl of Leice- 
 fer gave divcrfe Lands to God, and the 
 Blefled V. Mary, and St. John the Bap- 
 tift, and to the Blefled Poor of the Hoi 1 
 pital-houfe of Jerufahm, for the Suften- 
 ration of the Brethren of Bo kland, and 
 for the finding of a Chaplain to celebrate 
 daily in the Church at Boekland. The Re- 
 venues of this Houfe were at theDiflolu- 
 tion found to be 223 /. 7 s. 4 d. ob. fer Ann. 
 Speed. 
 
 Brufon, or Briwetfn, a Monaftery of 
 Canons Regular ofSt.Auguftine, founded 
 byAitmer,<yrjEthelmare,JLiirl of Cornwall, 
 in the Time of King Etbelred, An. 1005. 
 and amply endowed if. After the Con- 
 queft this Manor of Bra ton, and the Mo- 
 naftery there built, came into the Hands 
 and Pofleflion of William de Mohun, one 
 of the great Commanders in the Norman 
 Army, whofc Grandfon William, made 
 Earl of Somerfet, gave diverfc Lands and 
 Rents to the Canons Regular of this 
 Houfe, which before the Conqueft was 
 founded for Monks of the Order of St. 
 r>exedift ', but the faid Earl placed the 
 Canons there. He endowed it with the 
 Manors of Brnton and Bruham, as allb 
 with divcrfe other Lands in England and 
 Normar.dy, and was buried in it. His 
 Son William M<>hnn confirmed his Fa- 
 ther's Grants to this Priory of Bruton, 
 and was interred in if. Sa-vanins, Bi- 
 fhop of Bath and Glaftenbvry confirmed 
 to God, and the Blefled Mary of Bri-u-e- 
 ton, and the Canons Regular there, all 
 the Lands and Rents given them by their 
 Bcncfa&ors. It was valued at the Dif- 
 Iblution at 439 /. 6s. 8 d. per Ann. Dttg. 
 480 /. 17 s. zd. ob. per Ann. by Mr. 
 Speed out of Lelan'd. 
 
 The Sice and Dcmefnc of this Mona- 
 ftery of 1\ruton, together wich the Par- 
 Jbmigc of the Town, and the Manor of 
 North-Briiham, with ccrwia Lands in 
 
 Horfely in this County, formerly belong- 1 
 ing to the Monaftery, were given by 
 King Henry VIII. Reg. 37. to Sir Mau- 
 rice Berkley, Knf. Anceftor to the Earls 
 and Barons Berkley. 
 
 Cadbury, a College founded by William 
 Lord Botreaux, and dedicated to the 
 Arch-Angel St. Michael. His Mother 
 Elizabeth Lady Botreaux had before, viz* 
 4 Hen. V. founded a Chantry in the Pa- 
 rifli-Church of Cadbury, which had been 
 built by her for Five Priefts, of whom 
 one was appointed to be the Retor, and 
 to have the Care of Souls in that Pa- 
 rifh, and Four Clerks to pray for the 
 good Eftatc of King Henry V. during his 
 Life ; as alfo for the good Eftatc of her 
 the faid Elizabeth, and of Sir William Ba- 
 treaux Jun. Kt. and after their Death for 
 the Health of their Souls. To thefe Sir 
 William Botreaux her Sou added Three 
 Priefts, to celebrate Divine Service for 
 his Soul, and the Souls of his Anceftors, 
 in the faid Church at Cadbury, ordering 
 that they fliould each of them have 
 Ten Marks yearly for their Salary, un- 
 till a College ftiould be there founded, 
 according to his Direction by a Writing 
 indented; which College being accor- 
 dingly built, there were maintained in 
 it (as Mr. Speed out of Leland tells ns ) 
 a Rc&or, Seven Chaplains, and Four 
 Clerks. 
 
 Canningtcn, a Nunnery, founded by 
 Robert de Courey, Sewer to Maud the Em- 
 prefs. It was dedicated to the Virgin 
 Mary, and was to be inhabited by Nuns 
 of the Order of Sr. Augufline. At the 
 Diflblution it was valued at 39 /. 15*. 
 8 d. per Ann. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 Cliff, or CHve, an Abbey of Benedictine 
 Monks, founded by William Romare. His 
 Father, William Romare, who married 
 Lucy, Countefs of Lincoln, and in her 
 Right bore the Title of Earl of Lin- 
 coln, founded the Abbey of the Blef- 
 fcd Virgin and St. Laurence at Revesby, 
 or Rewsby in Lincolnshire, 8 Stepb. By 
 her he had aSon, William de Romare, but 
 not his cldeft, who married Philippa, 
 the Daughter of Hubert de Burgh, Earl 
 of Kent. He founded this Abbey of 
 
 Off,
 
 so 
 
 Cliff, and dedicated it to the Virgin 
 Mary, 9 Ricb. Hubert de Burgh, his Fa- 
 ther-in-Law, gave to this Houfe and the 
 Monks inhabiting there, certain Lands 
 in Clive, Treglajion, and PotbweU. King 
 Henry III. confirmed their Lands and 
 Eftatcs, and moreover granted to the 
 Abbot and Convent of Clive the Manor 
 and Hundred of Bramton in 'De^on]})ire, 
 to be held of the King and his Heirs 
 at the yearly Rent of 22 Pounds per 
 Ann. The firft Abbot of this Houfc 
 was one Rafyb. It was valued at the 
 Diffolution at the yearly Rent of 155 /. 
 y/. 5 d. ej. Dugd. Speed ex Lei 
 
 Cranborn, a Priory, whofe Prior was 
 efteemed a Spiritual Baron, but did not 
 fit in Parliament. We find nothing more 
 of it. 
 
 Dunfer, an Abbey of Benedictine Monks, 
 founded by William Mobun upon his 
 Manor of Dunjler. He was one of t ho fe 
 Captains in the Norman Army, who ha- 
 ving attended the Conqueror with Forty- 
 feven ftout Knights of Name and Note, 
 obtained for that fignal Service, befides 
 Fifty-five Manors in this Shire, and 
 fome other Counties, the Town and Ca- 
 ftlc of Dunjler, in and near which he 
 founded a. Priory, which he dedicated 
 to St. George, and made it a Cell to the 
 Abbey of Batb, giving thereto the Church 
 of St. George in bur.fter, as alfo the Lord- 
 fliip of Alcumb, with the Tithes of all 
 his Vineyards, and arable Lands in 
 Dunjler and Karamton. John de Mobun, 
 his Defcendant, and Lord ofDunJter, did 
 in the fifteenth Year of K Edward III. 
 ratify and confirm to the Alonks of this 
 Houfe all the Donations of his Ance- 
 ftors. At the Diffolution of the Abbey 
 the Priory was valued at 37 /. 4 j. 8 d. 
 per Ann. Dugd. Speed. 
 
 Dontole Priory, of which William Men- 
 tacute', Earl of Salisbury, who was con- 
 traded to Joan Plantaginet (commonly 
 called tbe Fair Maid of Kent), Daughter 
 of Edmund, Earl of Kent, third Son 
 of King Edward I. died the Patron, 
 20 Ricb. II. 1394. who was the Founder, 
 and what were the Revenues, we have 
 no Account* 
 
 MERSETSHIRE. 
 
 873 
 
 Glaftonbury, the moft antient Religious 
 Houfe in Britain, and one of the firft 
 Places where Chriftianity may be faid 
 to have had a Settlement in thefc Na- 
 tions, if our beft Hiftorians may be be- 
 lieved, as Malrtislmry, Freculfus, &c. For* 
 as chey relate, Philip the Apoftle, after 
 the Difperfion of Chriftians, upon the 
 Death of Si. Stephen, went preaching the 
 Gofpcl among the Franks, of who;n he 
 converted and baptized many ; and be- 
 ing dcfirous to propagate the Gofpcl as 
 far as poflible, chofe out Twelve of his 
 Difciplcs, over whom he fct his Friend 
 Jofepb of Arimatbxa ; and having prayed 
 and laid his Hands on them, fent them, 
 into Britain, to preach the Faith. Arvi- 
 ragus was then the Britijl) King, and was 
 much furprized both at their Perfons, 
 and the ft range Doftrines they deli- 
 vered: But becaufe hefawthem ferious 
 and zealous Men, pretending to come 
 from a far Country, purely to introduce 
 theKnowlcdge oftheTruth among them, 
 and to eftablifti a true Religion, though 
 he at prcfent refufed to admit their 
 Do&rine, and leave the Traditions of 
 his Fathers ; yet he was content that they 
 might have an Abode in his Kingdom, 
 and to that End affigned them a certain 
 Ifland in his Dominions, overgrown 
 with Wood and Thorns, and encom- 
 paffed with Rivers and Marfhes, called 
 Inifwitrim, for their Habitation. Here, 
 after they had cleared it from Wood 
 and Buflies, they built thcmfelvcs an 
 Houfc and Chapel of very mean Work; 
 for the Walls were of Watrles, and the 
 Roof of Turf and Boughs of Trees. 
 Here thefe Holy Men lived a Kind of 
 Eremitical Life, fpending their Time 
 in Prayer, Watching, and Fafting, favc 
 that they often went into the adjoining 
 Country to preach theGofpel, and con- 
 verted many of the People to the Faith 
 of Chrift. Two of Arviragus's Succef- 
 fors, though Pagans, obferving the mo- 
 deft, fober, and pious Behaviour of 
 thefe Men, and the Good they did a- 
 mong their People, in reducing them to 
 a regular Life, encouraged them in their 
 Work, by giving each of them a Por- 
 Sffff tion
 
 SO M E RSE S HIRE. 
 
 tion of Land, and confirming the fame 
 to them after theCuftom of thofe Times. 
 They are thought to be the fame with 
 the Twelve Hides which are well known 
 thereabout. 
 
 After the Death of thefe Twelve Ho- 
 ly Men, who were buried in their Cha- 
 pel,, the People being deftitute of their 
 Paftors, foon revolted from the Gof- 
 pel to their Pagan Idolatry, fo that 
 Chriftianity was almoft clear forgotten, 
 till Lucius coming to the Throne, re- 
 vived it thus. He pitying the Darkneft 
 and Ignorance of his People, when his 
 neighbouring Nations were fo much 
 reformed by the Chriftian Profeflion, 
 fcnt to Pope Eleuih&rius, to intreat him 
 to fend fome Preachers into his Nation, 
 to inftruft his People in the Chriftian 
 Do&rine. The Pope was not backward 
 to grant his Requeft, and to that end 
 foon after difpatched into Britain, Pba- 
 gaiiin and Diruviantis, who by their 
 Preaching foon converted and baptized 
 the King himfelf, and many of his Peo- 
 ple. Remaining in the Ifland, and go- 
 ing from Place to Place, to inftrufl: the 
 unconverted, they came at length to this 
 River-Iflc, called Inifwytrim, or Avelbo- 
 nia ; and finding an antient Chapel there, 
 built by Philip's Difciples, with many 
 Evidences, that it was inhabited by 
 Chriltians, they obtained the Ifle of the 
 King, and appointed Twelve of their 
 cwn Number, in Memory of the for- 
 *ner Twelve, to refide there. Thefe 
 lived like Anchorites, ferving God with 
 the like Dex'Otion in the antient Chapel; 
 and when any of them died, they chofe 
 another into his Room, fo that there 
 was a continual Succe/Tion of them, till 
 the Arrival of St. Patrick, who taught 
 them the Monaftical Life, and became 
 himfelf the firft Abbot. 
 
 St. Patrick, who had been fcnt into 
 Ireland by Pope Celejiine* in the Year 
 425, and remained there, converting 
 the Irijh, about 15 Years, came into Bri- 
 tain in the Year 47 2, and taking up his 
 Abode with the Anchorite* t reduced them 
 to a Conventual Life, and appointed 
 them a Rule, which was that of St. Be- 
 
 He continued with them, living 
 an holy Life, 39 Years, and much im- 
 proved their Monaftery, both in Buil- 
 dings and Revenues : For St. David, 
 Archbifhop of Rdenevia, ( now called St. 
 David's from him ) added to the Eaft 
 End of the Old Church a lefier Chapel, 
 in Manner of a Chancel, and confecra- 
 ted it in Honour of the Virgin Mary. 
 The Monks alfo, by the Gifts of others, 
 were enabled to build themfelvcs an O- 
 ratory of Stone, which they dedicated 
 to Chrift, and his Apoftles St. Peter and 
 St. Paul. The Old Church alfo, called 
 by the Saxons Ealdechirche, which was 
 made of Wattles, was now repaired, and 
 built of more lafting and decent Mate- 
 rials : The Number of Monks much in- 
 creafed, and Benefa&ors multiplied, who 
 procured for it all the Privileges and 
 Immunities that could be beneficial to 
 it, or render it Venerable in the Eyes 
 of the Religious Laity. 
 
 The Coming of the Heathen Saxons 
 into Britain not only much impaired the 
 Growth of Chriftianity it felf, but ec- 
 clipfcd the Glory of this Abbey for a 
 Time: But Auguftlne the Monk, being 
 fent into this Ifland to covert the Sax- 
 ons, Anno 505, after he had brought E- 
 tlelbert, King of Kent, over to the Faith 
 of Chrift, made fuch a Progrefs in that 
 Holy Work, that as he himfelf became 
 Archbifhop of Canterbury, and fettled a 
 Monaftery there, fo Bimops were placed 
 over diverfe Sees, and the Monaftick 
 Life became in great Admiration, and 
 none more than that of the Monks in 
 this Place, which now began to be cal- 
 led Glaftonbury by the Saxons, who inter- 
 preted the Britfy Name TCnifwytrin into 
 their Language fo.The Abbot of this Mo- 
 naftery in After-Ages had his Seat among 
 the Barons in Parliament. 
 
 It would be very tedious to give a 
 particular Catalogue of the Benefa&ors 
 to this Abbey, by whofe Gifts it became 
 fo great; and therefore we mall men- 
 tion only fome of the principal, viz. 
 Arviragus, who gave to jFofeph or Arima- 
 thta and his Companions, the Ifle : The 
 Kings, who enlarged the Territories of 
 
 their
 
 S ME R S E f SHIRE. 
 
 their Monaftery, with the la Hides; 
 the Bounds of which arc diftinftly fee 
 down in the Monafllcon, p. a, 3. and Lu- 
 cius, who confirmed them to Pbaganus 
 and Diruvianui and their Difciples : 
 King Artbur, who gave them many other 
 anjoining Lands: St. Patrick, who ob- 
 tained of Pope Celejl'tne Twelve Years 
 Indulgence to all thole who fhould with 
 pious Devotion vifit the Church of the 
 Blefled Virgin Mary here erc&ed, and 
 honour her with any Part of their Goods. 
 King Ina gave much Land to this Mo- 
 naftery, and built the Great Church at 
 Glaftonbury, in Honour of Our Saviour 
 and his Apoftles St. Peter and St. Paul, 
 and by his Charter granted this Houfc 
 great Privileges and Immunities. King 
 Edmund granted to the Church of St. 
 Mary at Glaftonbury, and the Venerable 
 Sr. Dttnflan, Abbot there, the Liberties, 
 Cuftoms and Forfeitures in all their 
 Lands, /. e. Eurehbrice, Socna, Albas, Or- 
 delasy Infangenetbeofas, Homfecna, Frith- 
 Irne, Forejleall, Toll and Team thro' the 
 Kingdom of England ; and that they 
 fhould enjoy their Lands as free from 
 all Claims, as he enjoy 'd his own, efpe- 
 cially to the Town of Glajtonbury irfelf. 
 And this he confirmed to them by his 
 Charter, dated Anno Dom. 944. King 
 Edgar alfo by his Charter, dated Anno 
 971. confirmed the faid Liberties, and 
 added further, That this Monaftery, 
 with certain Parifhes fubjeft and be- 
 longing to it, fhould be exempted from 
 the ordinary Jurifdi&ion of the Bifhop, 
 except in fome Things, yet with a Sal- 
 <vo to the Churches of Rome and Canter- 
 bury. William the Conqueror, at his firft 
 Coming, did much leflen the Poflefiions 
 of this Monaftery, but afterwards having 
 made one Turjllnus, a Noman, the Abbot, 
 in 1081. to make them an Amends, he 
 confirmed to themfcvcral Lands, which 
 the Monks complained had been unjuft- 
 ly taken from them, &c. The Mona- 
 fticon gives us a long Catalogue of Re- 
 licks preferred in this Monaftery; as 
 fome fmall Pieces of Chrift's Cradle, 
 and of his Crofs, &>c. Some of the Vir- 
 gin Mary's Milk, and fome of her Hair, 
 
 &c. which we have not Faith enough to 
 believe, and therefore fhall omit them. 
 In our Hiftories we meet with an Ac- 
 count of the Lives and AQions of Sixty 
 one Abbots, who fuccefiively governed 
 this Monaftery, who, tho' it would be 
 \vearyfom to the Reader to have recited 
 at large, yet we cannot think it impro- 
 per to mention fome of them, in whofe 
 Times the moft confiderable Events hap- 
 pened. The Three firft were jFofeph of 
 Arimaib&a, Faganas and "Dlruvianus, and 
 St. Patrick, of whom we find little more 
 than what is mentioned above. Hemgefel 
 and Ber-wald are the loth and nth; in 
 their Time happened King Ina's Libera- 
 lity to this Monaflcry. St. Dun flan is 
 the zSth; but by fome is faid to be the 
 firft, bccaufe all that went before him, 
 have little or nothing faid of them, and fo 
 he in Refpeft of Emincncy may be ter- 
 med the firft. He is faid to have been 
 placed in this Abbey, by Divine Infpi- 
 ration, by Edmund, Brother to King 
 Etbeljlan, who on that Account was fo 
 generous to him and the Abbey, that he 
 and his Aliniftcrs gave 368 Hides and an 
 half, out of their wonderful Devotion, to 
 St. Dunfian and his Abbey. Abbot Egel- 
 ivard, the goth, was Abbot in the Days 
 of King Edgar, who was a generous 
 Prince to this Houfe, as well as a mighty 
 Blefling to the Nation. He recalled 
 Dunjlan from Banifhment, and made 
 him firft Bimop of Worcefter, then of Lon- 
 don, and laftly of Canterbury; and bear- 
 ing a great Afte&ion to this Abbey, en- 
 dowed it with thefc Privileges, viz; 
 i. That none fhould be Abbot of it but 
 Ibmc Monk of the Houfe, tho' he were 
 the mean eft of them. 2. That in Cafe 
 there was none of their own fit, he on- 
 ly fhould be promoted to it whom the - 
 Convent fhould unanimonfly cleft. 3. 
 That the Abbot fo chofen might receive 
 his Benedi&ion of any Bifhop, and caufs 
 his Monks to be blefled likcwifc. 4; : 
 That he may punifh the Fanlts of his 
 own Servants, without Impeachment of 
 the Bifhop, or King's Officers. 5. That 
 no Perfon, Bifhop, Commander, or 
 Prince fhall enter the IfUnd upon any 
 S f f f f a Law-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Law-fuit, or other Accounts. All which 
 he confirmed with his Grants, and pre- 
 vailed with Pope J-ckn VIII. to corrobo- 
 rate it by his Apoftolical Bull. 
 
 Ttirjlin, a Monk of Caen, and a Nor. 
 man by Birth, was made the 36th Ab- 
 bot by the Conqueror, in 1082. He had 
 a Controverfy with the Archbifliop Lan- 
 franc, about the Difpofal of the Abbies 
 of Muchelney and Etheling ', and in a 
 learned Speech proved, That no Man 
 had any Jurifdiftion over thofe Abbots 
 but the Abbot of Glajtonbury ; infomuch 
 that no Abbot of thole Churches ought 
 to take Poflcflion of them , unlefs elefted 
 by the Convent of Glaflonbury ; adding, 
 that no Man whatsoever may come to 
 Glajtonbury with a Judicial Power, but 
 all Judgments belonged to him. 
 
 Herleivin fucceeded him. He was a 
 Norman alfo, and not at all acceptable 
 to the Monks at his firft Coming, but 
 he afterwards got the good Opinion of 
 his Monks by his wonderful Generofity 
 and Bounty to their Houfe ; for he built 
 a new Church from the Ground, and re- 
 trieved the Lofs of many Manors which 
 had been taken from the former Abbots 
 and Monks, as Milne, Blakford, Compton, 
 and Sees, and recovered divcrfe Parcels 
 of Land in other Places, as Six Hides at 
 Puckelfdre, diverfe Rents at Wilton, Cran- 
 mere, and Wale. He enlarged the Of- 
 fices of the Monks, and received Cler- 
 gymen gratis, that would embrace a 
 Religious Life, fetting no Price upon 
 their Converfion, as Ibme others did. 
 He foretold his Dcath,and died foon after. 
 
 Henry of Blots, Brother to Theobald^ 
 Earl of Blots, Nephew to King Henry I. 
 a Monk of Cluni, was the 3pth Abbot of 
 this Monaftery. He was a Perfon re- 
 nouned as much for his Learning and 
 holy Conversation, as his Birth, and 
 through his Intercft and Induftry the 
 Church of Glaflonbury obtained fo many 
 Advantages, that his Memory was ever 
 precious among the Monks. Finding 
 the Pofleflions of the Monaftery dilapi- 
 dated and fquandcred, he laboured 
 to retrieve its Loflcs, and increafe 
 its. .Revenues, which he. in a great 
 
 Meafure effe&ed : For he recovered 
 the Manors of Melles, Uffeculm, Came- 
 lerton, Domerham, the Town of Sifton 
 and Afcote, with Two Hides and an Half 
 in PedeweUe, and Three Hides and an 
 half in the Manor of Muriliudie, and 
 acquired the Ifle of Andredefey, which he 
 annexed to the Veftry. When he had 
 prefided over this Monaftery Three 
 Years, he was promoted to the Bifhop- 
 rick of Winchejler, but neverthelefs, du- 
 ring his whole Life he retained the 
 Charge of this Abbey, which he fincere- 
 ly loved, with the King's Confent, and 
 the Pope's Difpenfation, and was almoft 
 a continual Benefa&or to it. For he ad- 
 ded many Buildings to the Abbey, and 
 beftowed feveral valuable Ornaments 
 on'the Church. He gave alfo an Ivory 
 Shrine and Box, containing many Re- 
 licks, as fome Pieces of the Crofi of 
 our Lord, the Virgin Mary's Cloaths, ' 
 Hair, and fome of her Milk, &c. mag- 
 nificently adorned; a precious Saphire, 
 given by St. David, hid in the Wars, and 
 found by him, with Silver, Gold, and 
 precious Stones ; and added above Forty 
 Books to the Library, as well of the Di- 
 vine Offices, as of leveral Sciences and 
 Faculties. He died in Normandy, buc 
 was buried in the Monaftery of Reading, 
 whiclvhe had built from its Foundation. 
 In his Time, one Philip of Worcejler, 
 who had been appointed Conftable of 
 Ireland, gave to this Monaftery of Gla- 
 Jlonbury the Town of Kllcttmyn in that 
 Nation, with the Church of the fame, 
 and an Hundred Carucates of Land, 
 quit of all Secular Services, with all the 
 Liberties and free Cuftoms, Churches, 
 Chapels, Boroughs, Towns, Fairs, Mar- 
 kets, Mines of Gold or Silver, Warrens 
 and Forefts, and all other the Apper- 
 tinances whatfoever, upon Condition 
 that there fliould be built and founded 
 thereupon a College, or Priory of 
 Monks, in Honour of the Holy Apoftles 
 Philip and jFacob, and St. Cumin', which 
 accordingly was performed by one 
 James, and other Monks fent with him, 
 who were made the firft Prior and Con- 
 vent there. Another Venerable Perfon 
 
 alfo,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 8 77 
 
 alfo, by Name William de Burg, gave to of King Stephen, and his own Cham- 
 
 one Richard, a Monk of Glajionbury, a bcrlain ; ordering that the Monks, be- 
 
 certain Town in Ireland, called Ardlmur, ing allowed a Competency, they fhould 
 
 with the Church and all the Apperti- fpcnd all the reft of the Revenues in re- 
 
 nances, with many adjacent Villages, building it. Ralph being faithful and 
 
 Churches and Chapels, Woodsand Plains, well atte&ed to Glajtonbury , performed 
 
 Meadows, Forefts, Chaces, Markers what was enjoined him by the King 
 
 and Fairs ; certain adjacent Ifles, with 
 the Fiflieries and Mills thereunto be- 
 longing, and all other Liberties and 
 
 with fo much Zeal and Devotion, that 
 he had built the Church of St. Mary, 
 and repaired the Offices within Two. 
 
 free Cuftoms ; ordering that a Religious Years ; fo that Reginald, Bifliop of Wel 
 
 Houfe fhould be built thereon for the confecrated the Church in 1186. He 
 Monks of his Order, to the Honour of began to lay the Foundation of the 
 
 God and the Eleflcd Virgin Maty; which Great Church, but the King's Death 
 
 being accordingly finifli'd, Ritbttrd be- happened, and he was forced to leave 
 
 came the firft Prior of it, and the Place the Work impcrfeft, as ic continued till 
 
 was called Ocmiild, or Ottmild. King Richard I.'s Reign, which was ero- 
 
 Robert, Prior of Winclefler, fucceeded ployed in Martial, not Religious Af- 
 
 Bifliop Henry in the Government of this fairs ; however the King with the Coa- 
 
 Abbey. He was accomplifhed in all fent of the Convent appointed 
 
 Virtues, and a fpecial Lover of the Poor. Henry de Soliaco, a Perfon of the Royal 
 He gave to the Convent the Tithes of Blood, Abbot of this Houfe in 1189. In 
 
 Netvton and Kentelefaorib, for the better his Time King Arthur's and his Queen's. 
 
 Refrefhment of the Convent and Poor Bones were found, and being taken up 
 
 on the Day of his Amnverlary. In his were received with Joy by the Abbot 
 
 Time Reginald, Bifhop of Wells, pcifwa- and Convent, and magnificently en- 
 ding this Abbot to become a Canon of tombed in the upper Part of the Quire 
 
 Wetti, got the Patronage of the Churches of the Great Church before the High 
 
 of Pilton and South-Brent from the Mo- Altar. This Henry obtained of Pope Ce- 
 
 naftery to his Church. He prefided leftine the Privilege of ufing the Mitre 
 
 Seven Years, and after his Death it fell and Ring, and Archdeacon's JurifdiSion 
 
 into the King's Hands, who held it fe- in certain Churches, which he procured 
 
 vcral Years. But the King in that Time the Confirmation of from Reginald, fti- 
 
 having fomeBufinefs at Rome, and know- fhop of Bath, and his Chapter. He allb 
 
 ing that it might hinder his Defigns obtained a Confirmation of all the Pen- 
 
 that there was no Abbot of Glajlonbury, fions payable to the Monaftery out of 
 
 bethought himfelf of a fit Perlon, and almoft all the Churches in the Diocefe 
 
 made Peter de Aiarcl,&. Monk and Cham- of Bath, which the Monks had the Ad- 
 
 berlain of Cluni, who had an Intereft at vowfons of; which A&ions would have 
 
 Rome, by Rea(bn that his Brother was defcrved an high Commendation, had 
 
 Bifliop of Albano, Cujlos of the Abbey, he not thro* Covetoufnefs cxpofcd his 
 
 but contrary to the good Will of the Monaftery to many Calamities, by ac- 
 
 Monks. In his Time all the Monaftery, cepting the Bifhoprick of Worcejler; for 
 
 except the Apartment and Chapel built by his Ceflion one Savaricus, the Em- 
 
 by the Abbot Robert, and the Belfrcy pcror Henry's Chancellor, and Kinfman, 
 
 built by Bifhop Henry, were confumed who had obtained of King Richard I. 
 
 by Fire, to the great Grief and Lamen- then in Captivity, the Biflioprick of 
 
 tation of the Monks. Peter the Cujlos Bath ( for fome pretended Courtefies ) 
 
 died near the lame Time, and K. Henry procured by the Emperor's Mediation, 
 
 taking Companion of the Monks under the Abbey of Glajlonbury to be an Aug- 
 
 this great Calamity, committed the Re- mentation -of this Biflioprick, which he 
 
 pairing of the Abbey to Ralph, the Son pretended to be too little for him ; and 
 

 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 to fecure it to himfelf, got it confirmed 
 to him by Pope C el e fine. Savar'icns 
 having thus obtained a Title to the Ab- 
 bacy, as foon as he was confccrated to 
 Bath, fent for the Prior of Glajlonkury to 
 London, and in his Abfcncc got Poflef- 
 fion of the Monaftery by his Officers, 
 and Ib 
 
 Savarick became the next Abbot, im- 
 moveable for the prefent, becaufc he 
 was fettled in that Place both by the 
 King's and Pope's Authority. Nor did 
 the King much repent of his Grant 
 ( though forced, and againft his Will, 
 as he declared after his Releafe) be- 
 caufe he had in Exchange for it the 
 City of Bail, which he was aftured was 
 worth an Hundred Pounds a Year. But 
 the Monks were grievoufly difturbed, 
 efpecially when the Prior had told them 
 how he had been dealt with, and what 
 he had heard ; whereupon confulting 
 with Men of Wifdom and Difcretion, to 
 whom they fliewcd the antient Privi- 
 leges of their Houfc, they all unanimouf- 
 ly appealed to the See of Rome for the 
 Right of their Monaftery. King Ri- 
 chard in the mean Time returned, and 
 at the humble Petition of the Monks, 
 after fome Delay, difpoflefled Savaric 
 of his Abbacy, and committed the Ab- 
 bey to the Care of one William, Bifliop 
 of London afterwards. Savaricus being a 
 Alan of Courage, fpared neither Cofts 
 nor Pains to recover his Monaftery, and 
 thereupon repaired in Perfbn to Rome, 
 to procure a further Confirmation of 
 the Pope's Grant, which he foon ob- 
 tained by a Bull to this Effeft; That 
 the Prior and Monks of Glaftonbury 
 fnould be obedient to him, as their Bi- 
 ihop and Abbot ; as allb Letters forbid- 
 ding the Monks to chufe another Ab- 
 bot, and commanding the Archbifhop 
 of Canterbury to fee his Bull and Letters 
 were obfcrved ; which this laft care- 
 fully performed, enjoining their Prior 
 and Monks to be obedient to the Bifhop 
 of Bath, as their Abbot. The Monks 
 daunted, at this Opposition, fubmitted 
 for the prcfcnt, and fo Savaric got a fe- 
 cond time into the Poflcflion of the Mo- 
 
 naftery. But the Monks difcontented, 
 confulted together again, and renewed 
 their Petition to the King, to provide 
 for their Church in Pity to them, fend- 
 ing two of their Monks, John Cujington, 
 and William Pike with it The King 
 gave them a favourable Anfwer, with 
 which John returned home ; but William 
 Was fent with the King's Letters to Pope 
 Celeftine, intreating him to vacate his 
 Grant to Savaric ; which, 'tis thought, 
 he would have done, had he lived; but 
 dying, the King renewed his Requeft to 
 his Succeflor Innocent III. and the Car- 
 dinals, and fome other particular 
 Friends, by whom he obtained it. Where- 
 upon William Pike, having the King's 
 Licence to choofe an Abbot, returned 
 to the Abbey, and the better Part of 
 the Monks chofe the fa id 
 
 William Pike Abbot, who immediate- 
 ly took upon him the Adminiitration of 
 the Affairs of the Abbey, as well in Spi- 
 rituals as Temporals, both within and 
 without, taking away and altering fomo 
 Things in the Houie which had been 
 granted to curry Favour by Savaricus's 
 Officers; by which Means he gained the 
 Ill-will of many of the Monks. Sava- 
 ric in the mean Time hearing that Wil- 
 liam was chofcn Abbot, having confulted 
 with his Friends, made void his Ele- 
 &ion by the Authority of the Pope's 
 Bull, and excommunicated the Elci^ 
 and all his Adherents, procuring the 
 Confirmation of his Sentence from the 
 Archbifhop, and Pandutyhus, the Pope's 
 Legate. But notwithstanding this, Wil- 
 liam perfonally governed the Affairs of 
 the Monaftery, as well in Spirituals as 
 Temporals, from the Fcaft of St. Nicho- 
 las to the Purification of Mary, and then 
 failed to Normandy to the King, to take 
 his Advice; and from thence he went 
 to Rome, where while he was folliciting 
 his Caufe with the Pope, he died, be- 
 ing poilbncd, as was thought, by fome 
 of Savaric us's Agents. Thus Savarhut 
 got all the Affairs of the Monaftery into 
 his Hands, and fo became Bifhop of 
 Glajtonbury and Wjllf ; which though at 
 firft much difcontented the Monks, yet 
 
 at
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 At length they became eafy under his 
 Government, becaufc he behaved hini- 
 felf humbly and kindly, and of his own 
 good Will reftorcd the Manor of Lime, 
 together with the Church of that Town, 
 and all its Appcrtinances ; and confirmed 
 to the Prior and Convent the Archidia- 
 conal JurifdicHon and Penfions of 
 Churches in the fame Manner as they 
 had been antiently enjoyed by the Ab- 
 bot and Convent, with many other Pri- 
 vileges and Advantages, fo that he died 
 in their Favour and Well-liking, Anno 
 1205. ~Bp.jFoceIin,Savaric'sSi}CCc(forin the 
 See of Bath, fought all Means to keep 
 the Abbey of Glaflonbury under his Ju- 
 rifdi&ion, and to that End craftily pro- 
 cured King John's Confirmation of the 
 Union of it with his See, while the 
 Controverfy was depending at Rome ; 
 which created the Monks fomc farther 
 Trouble to break it : However, they 
 continued their Suit, and Pope Honoring 
 being a peaceable Man, bent his Mind 
 to put an End to it, offering feveral Me- 
 thods to conclude it; which proved fo 
 fuccefsful in the Main, that the Monks 
 obtained an entire Diflblution of the 
 Union, and a free Liberty to eleft an 
 Abbot, according to their regular Ob- 
 fervances, the Bulls and Inftruments pro- 
 cured by the Bifliops being made void. 
 Thus the Monaftcry of G-Iaftonbury, that 
 had been deprived of the Dignity of an 
 Abbey 26 Years, was by Pope Hot?orins 
 ( the zd ) rcftored almoll to its former 
 Condition, to be governed by their own 
 Abbot ; and fo on the Feaft of St. Grim- 
 bald the Monks met and chofc for their 
 Abbot 
 
 William i one of their Monks, who 
 had been very aftive to effe& it; and 
 the Bifliop of Bath, Jocelin of Wells, as 
 Patron, admitted him, and as his Dio- 
 cefan bleflfcd him. William then took 
 the Government of the Abbey upon him, 
 and fliewed himfelf good and generous, 
 beftowing Alms bountifully on the Poor, 
 and confidcrablc Sums on the Officers 
 of the Abbey, for their comfortable 
 Maintenance and Encouragement. All 
 tyranical Dominion he laid afide, and 
 
 chcrifhed the Monks with a fatherly 
 Care, as his Children, beftowing much 
 on them, and freely, for their better 
 Maintenance, and increasing the Sti- 
 pends of the Officers from the Infir- 
 marer to the Sacrift. When he had pre- 
 fided Five Years, he died and was bu- 
 ried on the North Side of the Chapter- 
 houfe. After his Death the Monks noc 
 agreeing about the Election of a Suc- 
 cciTor, the Convent, by thclnterpoiitioa 
 of J-ocelin, Bifhop of Wells, Submitted 
 themfclves to the Decision of the Ab- 
 bot of St. Attgujiine't at Brijlol, the Prior 
 of the Cartbnjia>?s, and Archdeacon of 
 Wells, yet with an exprefs Protection 
 againft Robert, Abbot of Wells ', which 
 not doubting but they would obicrve, 
 they left the Ele&ion to them : But Bi- 
 fliop Jocelln overfwaying all, caufcd the 
 faid 
 
 Robert, Abbot of Well's, to be made 
 their Abbot, much againft the Monks 
 Will, Anno 1223. He was a Man of 
 commendable Behaviour, modeft and 
 pious, and excellently well verlcd in 
 the Monaftical Difcipline, which with 
 great Pains he endeavoured to eftablilh. 
 among his Monks after a long Neglect; 
 and he had certainly raifed them to the 
 Top of Religion, had there been a per- 
 fect Agreement between his Monks and 
 him. But the Monks being difgufted, 
 becaufe he was impofed upon them by 
 Fraud, and a Kind of Compulfion, nei- 
 ther fubmittcd to him, nor aflifted him. 
 willingly ; which he being lenfible of, 
 trufted them the lefs, and committed the 
 Affairs of the Monaftery to Laymen ; 
 by which Means the Monaftery became 
 in Want of Neceflaries, and opprefled 
 with Debts, their Poflcflions being fome 
 Squandered away, and others ill main- 
 tained. However this did not fb dif- 
 courage him from promoting the Good 
 of the Monaftery it fclf, but that he did 
 Two Pieces of fignal Service for it, viz* 
 He got the Immunity 'of the Twelve 
 Hides, and fome other Liberties granted 
 and confirmed by King Henry III. at the 
 Inftance of J-oceYm, Bifhop of Bath and 
 Welli, for the Confirmation of his Pa- 
 tronage;
 
 Sgo 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 tronage ; and after a Controrcrfy with 
 the Lord of Air e, obtained by the 'Judg- 
 ement of the King's Court one Half of 
 the Moor of Alre, which he caufed to be 
 fcr out by its Buttings and Boundings 
 for botter Security, Being at length 
 grown old, and weary of an uneafy Go- 
 vernment, he voluntarily laid down the 
 Adminiflration of the Abbey, which he 
 had held n Years, and returned to Bath, 
 having an Allowance for Life of Sixty 
 Pounds yearly from the Monks, who 
 thereupon unanitnoufly chofe 
 
 Michael Ambresbury. He, before this 
 his Promotion, had employed his utmoft 
 Endeavours for a long Time as well at 
 Home, as beyond Sea, to retrieve the 
 Eftate of his Monallery both in Tempo- 
 rals and Spirituals, and by the Blefling 
 of God, and the Afliftance of Friends 
 had brought about his Purpofes, and 
 particularly recovered Six Manors of 
 the Archbifliop, viz. Mere, Bocland, King- 
 ten, Crijlanalford, Bradbury, and A/ebury. 
 Being raifed to the Government of the 
 Monaftcry, he made it his Bufinefs to 
 improve in Merit, and finifli what he 
 had begun in his younger Years, viz. 
 fully recovering the Pofleflions and Li- 
 berties of the Monaftery, which had 
 been alienated in Savaric's Time, and 
 reftoring the Tillage of the Lands of 
 the Monaftery, which had been fpoiled 
 and laid afide in his Predeccflbr's Time. 
 As to the firft of thefe, he underwent 
 many Law-fuifs, and many Troubles to 
 extort the Rents and Pofleflions out of 
 the Hands of rich and powerful Men, 
 as the Dean of Wells, the Chamberlain 
 of Jocel'm, Bifhop of Wells, and others. 
 And as to the Tillage, he wonderfully 
 improved it; for he provided fixteen 
 Ploughs, caufed many of the Lands to 
 be broke up, and reduced others to Pa- 
 ftura^c ; infomuch that in a few Years 
 he not only cleared the Debts of the Mo- 
 naftery, but left the following Stock up- 
 on them, when he refigncd his Govern- 
 ment for Age, viz.. 891 Oxen, which 
 ploughed 1 1 1 Carucates and an half of 
 Land, 60 Bullocks, 25 Colts, 233 Cows, 
 19 Bulls, 153 Heifers and young 
 
 Oxen, 26 Steers, i z6 Yearlings, 6717 
 Sheep, and 327 Swine, and Wheat for 
 the whole Year's Provifion for the Monks. 
 He rcfigned An. 1252, when he had been 
 Abbot almoft 1 8 Years, and died the 
 next Year after his 'Rcfignation. The 
 fucceeding Abbots Lives were chiefly 
 taken up in Controvcrfies, about Elec- 
 tions, and the Right of Patronage to the 
 Monaftery, viz- Whether it were in the 
 King, or Biftiop of Bath and Wells ; and 
 when thcfe Conrroverfies were ended, 
 for Ibme Succefllons we meet with no- 
 thing but Catalogues of little Purchafes 
 made by fome of the Abbots, and given 
 to the Monaftcry, or Ornaments given 
 to the Churches for Divine Service ; 
 which would fwcll our Hiftory to too 
 great a Bulk without Profit i and there- 
 fore we fhall conclude, with 
 
 Richard Whiting, the laft Abbot, who 
 was in the Government of this Mona- 
 ftery at the Di flotation of the Abbies. 
 He was an old Man, and wonderfully 
 Religious in the Monaftick Way. He 
 had in his Monaftery about an Hundred 
 Monks, who lived in Common in their 
 Houfe, and rai^ly went out of the In- 
 clofure of the Abbey, and were very 
 afliduous in Divine Service. He kept 
 and maintained 300 Domcfticks, who 
 lodged in Houfes adjoining, and among 
 them many Gentlemens Sons. He fup- 
 ported many Students in thcUniverfity, 
 and was very hofpitable to Travellers, 
 infomuch that he has entertained 500 
 Horfemen at once. On Wednefday he di- 
 ftributed bountifully Alms to the Poor, 
 which came to receive them from the 
 adjacent Villages. To him the King's 
 Vifitors came, as they did to all the great 
 Abbies, requiring him to furrender his 
 Abbey into the King's Hands, which he 
 pofitively refufcd; and thereupon was 
 fent for to London, and certain Perfons 
 appointed to fearch his Lodgings and 
 Study. Here they found ( after they 
 had put it in, as is faid ) in a Cabinet a 
 little Book, written againft the King's 
 Divorce; upon which being indifted and 
 tried, he was found guilty of High 
 Treafon, and being fent down to his 
 
 Mon*- 
 
 '
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 SSi 
 
 Monaftery, was laid on an Hurdle , 
 and being dragged up to the Top of the 
 Hill, which overlooks it, was hanged 
 in his Monk's Habit, and quartered. 
 The King hereupon 'toclc PoflTeflion of 
 the Lands and Revenues of the Abbey, 
 which were then valued at 33 u /. it. 
 4 4. ob. per Ann. Dugd. 3 508 /. 13;. 4 d. 
 3 (j. Speed. 
 
 A Mafon not long ago wanting a Free- 
 ftone, went to the Farmer of this Abbey, 
 and gave him Six-pence for one : The 
 Mafon having chofe one, fawcd it, and 
 out came feveral Pieces of Gold, of 3 /. 
 ioj. a-piece Value. How many there 
 were, is not known. A Gtntleman there- 
 abouts hath three of them. 
 
 Keinjham, a Priory of Canons Regu- 
 lar of St. AugtiJ}in, founded by William, 
 Earl of Glocefter, at the Defire of his 
 Son Robert, then on his Death-bed. It 
 was dedicated to God, the Virgin Mary, 
 and the Apoftles St. Peter and" Sr. Paul. 
 Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Glocejler and 
 Hertford, confirmed the feveral Lands, 
 Pofleflions and Liberties which had been 
 given to the Canons of this Houfe by 
 his Ancellors, and other Benefa&ors ; as 
 did alfo King Edward II. Reg, n. The 
 Revenues of this Houfe at the Diflblu- 
 tion were valued at 450 /. 3 /. 6d. per 
 Ann. Speed ex Lei. 
 
 St. Laurence, near Brijiol, an Hofpital, 
 whofe Founder and Dedication is not 
 known. All we find of it, is, That 
 K. John in the ninth Year of his Reign, 
 and his Son King Henry III. in the 3id 
 Year of his Reign confirmed diverfe 
 Lands to the Mafter and Brethren of 
 this Hofpital of Lepers of St. "Laurence^ 
 in the Suburbs of Bnjlol. 
 
 St. Mark's Hofpital, near Briftol, found- 
 ed by Robert de Were, Son of Eva, the 
 Wife of Robert de Berkley, who was the 
 Foundrefs of 
 
 St. Magdalen's, a Religious Houfe near 
 Briftol allb, of which at length fhe be- 
 came the Priorcfs, which is all we know 
 of either of them. 
 
 Montacute, a Monaftery of Cluniac 
 Monks, founded by William, Earl of 
 Moriton in Normandy, who endowed this 
 
 Priory with the Borough and Csftlc of 
 Montacute, and the Chapel in theCuftle, 
 together with many other Manors, Lands? 
 Churches, Tithes, Fairs and Hundreds- 
 This Priory ftood near the Cattle of 
 Montacute. King Henry gave and confir- 
 med to God, and the Blcfled Apoftles 
 St. Peter and St. Paul of Montacute, and 
 the Cluniac Monks there, diverfe Lands 
 with great Liberties and Exemptions. 
 The like did King Henry II. and King 
 Henry III. in the 34th Year of his Rcign 
 King Edward III. alfo in the fortieth 
 Year of his Reign granted the Advow- 
 fon and Cuftody of this Priory, ar.d 
 Four Cells to it belonging, to William 
 de Montacute, Earl of Salisbury, and Mar- 
 fhall of England, and his Heirs. At its 
 firft Foundation it was annexed by the 
 Founder William, Earl of Moreton, as a 
 Cell to the Abbey of Cluni in Burgundy. 
 How it came to be freed from its Sub- 
 je&ion to that Abbey we find not. It 
 was at the Diflblution valued at 456 /. 
 14 i. 7 d. q. per Ann. Dugd. 524 /. II j. 
 8 d. ob. per Ann. Speed. 
 
 Myncbinbarow, a Priory, to which the 
 Parfonage of Tiviverton was appropria- 
 ted, which was at the Diflblution of 
 the Religious Houfes given to Sir Tho- 
 mas Hineage, Kt. by King Edward VI. 
 Reg. ^. in Exchange for other Lands of 
 Sir Thomas's. It was valued at the Dif- 
 folution at 29 J. 6 s. 8 d. ob. per Ann. 
 Speed. 
 
 Mottndrcy, a College, valued at the 
 Diflblution at n /. i8j. S d. per Ann. 
 Speed ex Lei. 
 
 Mucbelney, or Mucbxey, a Monaftery 
 of Black Friars, dedicated to St. Peter, 
 founded by Ina, King of the Weft-Saxons, 
 Anno 740. as Mr. Leland tells us ; but 
 Mr. Cambden attributes the Foundation 
 of it to Etbelftan the Saxon Monarch, 
 who reigned in the Beginning of the 
 Tenth Century. It was one of thofe 
 Priories, whofc Priors did not indeed fit 
 in Parliament, but were looked upon as 
 Spiritual Barons. The Revenues at the 
 Suppreffion were valued 314987. id s. 
 3 d. q. Speed ex Lei. Stev. ex Reyner. 
 
 T t t tt 
 
 State
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Stoke under Hambden, a College of Black 
 Monks, founded by one of the Family 
 of Gourney. It was dedicated to the A- 
 poftle St. Andrew. 
 
 Tannton, a Nunnery of Black Canons, 
 founded (as appears from an Inquificion 
 taken Anno 10. of King Edward II.) upon 
 a Piece of Ground lying on the North 
 Side of the Tovn of Taunton without 
 the EaftGate, dedicated to the Apoftles 
 Sr. Pan! and St. Peter, by William Giffard, 
 Bifhop of Winchester. It had many con- 
 fidcrablc Bcnefa&ors, of which thefc 
 are not of the leaft Note, viz- William 
 Lord JMchiin, who in the Reign of King 
 Henry I. foon after the Foundation, gave 
 to the Canons of this Houfe the Manor 
 of Lydeard in Wilt^nve ; William Monta- 
 cttte, Earl of Salisbury, who granted to 
 the Canons here the Manor and Hun- 
 dred of Dul-tertoK, with the Appertinanccs 
 thereunto belonging, to hold in Fee- 
 farm at the yearly Rent of Ten Pounds; 
 which Demife is dated in the Chapter 
 of the Priory of Taunton ; and Robert de 
 A-.-nr.del, who gave the Church of D'rffam 
 -with Two Hides of Land to thefe Ca- 
 nons. At the Diflblurion it was valued 
 at 286 /. 8 s. lod. per Ann. Dug. 438 /. 
 51 s. 10 d. Speed. 
 
 Jafyer, EarL of Bedford, Half brother 
 to King Henry VI. ordered by his Will, 
 that his Body fhould be buried in this 
 Monattery, and that a Monument fuit- 
 fiblc to his Degree fhpuld be ercfted 
 over it, giving 40 /. per Ann. out of his 
 Lands for Four Pricfts to /ing perpetual- 
 ly for the Weal of his Soul. 
 
 Steverdale, a Monaftery of Canons 
 Regular of St. Aagujrine, to which Sir 
 Ricbard Level, Knr. gave certain Lands 
 TO the Value of Forty Shillings per Ann. 
 for the finding of one Chaplain to cele- 
 brate daily for the Souls of the faid Ri- 
 chard, and his Anccftors, in the Church 
 of this Priory. This Houfe was founded 
 by the Anccftors of the Seymours, or St. 
 Maun, and united to the Monaftery of 
 Txur.ton in the 2Ath Year of King Hen- 
 ry VIII. E1n t the Widow of Sir Richard 
 c'e S. Maur the Elder, by her Tcftament 
 dated Nw. 28. 1409. 11 Hen. IV. be- 
 4. 
 
 qucathed her Body to be buried in the- 
 New Chapel of rhis Priory, next to the 
 Grave of the faid Sir Richard S. Maur 
 her Husband, 1 1 Hen. IV. 
 
 Temble-Cornbe, a Commendary of 
 Knights Templars ; but upon their Ex- 
 ftirpation given to the Knights-Hofpita- 
 lers of St. John of Jemfalem. 
 
 Weftbury, & fmall College, till Dr. 
 John Carpenter, Bifhop of Worcefter, ha- 
 ving a fpecial' Refpeft for it, either be- 
 cauiTe it was his native Place, or for 
 fome other Reafon, not only chofc it 
 for his Burying-place, but refolved to 
 make it Part of his Title, afluming to 
 himfelf, and willing that his Succcflbr 
 fhould be called by the Name of the Bi- 
 Ihop of PVonefter and Weflbury. He fpent 
 a great Deal of Money in enlarging this 
 College, which was before but fmall; 
 for he pulled it down to the Ground, 
 and built a new one from the Founda- 
 tion, much larger than the former ; and 
 having ereftcd a fpatious Gate, encum- 
 paffcd it with an high Wall, in which 
 he fct up Turrets at fomc Diftances one 
 from another, fo that it feemed more 
 like a Caftle than a College ; which 
 when he had done, he endowed it with 
 feveral Farms. WiHiam Cannings, who 
 had been Mayor of Erijtol three times, 
 and built St. Mary Raddiff-Chtmh in the 
 Suburbs of Brijiol, being aged and wea- 
 ry of the World, took Orders, became 
 Dean of this College, and was no fmall* 
 Benefaftor to it. Dr. Carpenter died at 
 North-Wicke, and was buried on the 
 South Side of the High Altar : But his 
 Tomb hath been much defaced of late 
 Years. John Rojfe fays, Many Miracles 
 were done at his Tomb. 
 
 Worfpring, or Woj print?, a Religious 
 Houfe, thus erefted. William Courtney 
 founded a Convent for Canons Regular 
 of St. Auguftine, at the Chapel of St. Tlo- 
 was the Martyr, in this Place ; and gi- 
 ving Notice of what he had done, to 
 John de Lrokensfeld, Bifhop of Bath, de- 
 fired 'that by his Authority the Church 
 at Worle, at that Time vacant, might be 
 appropriated to the faid Convent. This 
 he did not to excufe himfelf ; for he 
 
 gave
 
 S ME R S E T SHIRE. 
 
 883 
 
 gave feveral Lands, Rents, &c. to this 
 Church, and dedicated it to God, St. 
 
 the Virgin, and St. Thomas the 
 Martyr. His Gifts, and others, were re- 
 cited and confirmed to the Priors and 
 Canons here by King <*<*/ II. 's Char- 
 ter, Anno Reg. 18. At the Diflblution 
 it was valued at 877. is. 11 d. ok per 
 Ann- Dug. no/. 1 8 i 4 d. 3 q. -per Ann. 
 Speed. 
 
 Wytbam, a Monaftery of Cartbujians, 
 founded by King Henry II. (as Leland 
 tells us ; but Mr. Cambden fays it was 
 
 by King Henry III. ) in Honour of the 
 Blefled Virgin Mary, St. John Baptijl, 
 and All Saints, and endowed it with di- 
 verfc Lands and Franchifes, impreca- 
 ting on theViolator of this his pious Do- 
 nation the Wrath of Almighty God, and 
 his own Curie, unlcfs the Parry makc v 
 condign Satisfa&ion ; but to all fuch as 
 fhould augment his Gift, or favour the 
 Peace of this Houfe, he wifhed the 
 Peace and Reward of-the eternal Father 
 for ever. 
 
 The M A R T Y R S of this County. 
 
 WltttAtn Tayler, of whom Mr. Fox 
 fays, That he was apprehended 
 in the Time of Thomas Arundel, Archbi- 
 ftiop of Canterbury, and abjured. Dr. Ful- 
 ler mentions one Nicholas Tayler, that ab- 
 jured before the faid Archbifliop, then 
 of TCcrk ( which we fuppofe the fame 
 Man, ruch Miftakes being common in 
 Hiftory)and gives us the Form of Abju- 
 ration in the Old Englijl}, t'iz. *That he 
 
 * did with freeWill and full avifedf\vere . 
 
 * to God and all his Saints upon the Ho. 
 
 * Gcfpel, that from that Day forward He 
 
 * fhall worfhip Images with Praying and 
 
 * Offering unto heni in the Worfcqp of 
 
 * the Saints, that they be made after. 
 
 * That he would not deipife Pegremages, 
 
 * nor the States of Holy Church; That 
 
 * he would be buxum to the Laws of H. 
 
 * Church ; That he would not ever main- 
 
 * tain the Teachings of the Lcflards, nor 
 
 * their Books ; that what Penance He 
 ' would have done for meyntcyning their 
 
 * falfe Doftrine, He would liibmit to as 
 
 * far as was in his Power; and if he did 
 ' any Thing againft this Oath, he would 
 
 * yield himfelf coupablc as an Hcretick 
 4 to be punifhed by the Law, and forfeit 
 all his Goods to the King's Will, &c.' 
 From this Form Two Things appear 
 plain, That the modern Diilin&ion of 
 
 Worfhipping Saints in and by Images, 
 was not found out; and that Relapfc 
 after Abjuration was puiu'fhable only by 
 Lofs of Goods. 
 
 How long this good Man kept to his 
 Recantation, or at leaft diflembled his 
 Adherence to the Church, we don t find ; 
 but certain it is, that in the Days of 
 Archbifhop Cbicbeley, about the Year 
 1421. he had relapicd, and appeared in. 
 the Convocation before the Archbifliop, 
 being brought by theBifliop of Wor.tfier^ 
 who complained of him, that he had 
 taught at Brijtol thefc following Doc- 
 trines, viz.- That whofoeverhangeth any 
 Scripture about his Neck, taketh away 
 the Honour due to God only, and giveth 
 it to the Devil. 2. That no human Per- 
 Ion is to be worfhippcd, only God is to 
 be adored. 3. That the Saints are not 
 to be worshipped, or invocated. William. 
 upon his Examination denied that he 
 did preach, or hold them, but only did 
 talk of them in Way of Reafoning and 
 for Argument fake. However they be- 
 ing preientcd to the Archbifliop, were 
 condemned, after a Confulration with 
 Divines, as erroneous and heretical ; 
 and Wilitam Tayler in the Ccnclufion 
 was contented to revoke them, and for 
 his Penance was fentcnccd to perpetual 
 T t t t t 2 Impri-
 
 884 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Imprifonment. But he at length ob- 
 tained Favour, and was committed only 
 to the Keeping of the Bifhop of Worcejltv, 
 who had Power to releafc him altoge- 
 ther, in Cafe he fhould put in fufficient 
 Sureties in Chancery, and fwearthat he 
 would never hold or favour any fuch 
 Opinions ever after. While he remained 
 in the Bifliop's Cuftody, there paflcd 
 fome Papers between him and one Smith 
 of Briftol, a Prieft, about the Worlhip- 
 ping of Saints, in which William argued 
 againft them. Tnefe Papers being 
 fhevved to the Bifhop, brought him into 
 new Troubles ; for he was fummoned to 
 appear before the Convocation, to an- 
 Ivvcr to them, and being there fhewed 
 him, did not deny them. The Tenour 
 of them was to prove That every Prayer 
 for any fupernatural Gift ought to be 
 dirc&ed to God alone, and not to any 
 Creature whatfbevcr ; yet he did not ut- 
 terly deny that it was lawful in any Re- 
 fpe& to pray to Saints, but only to give 
 cultas latriA to them ; and therefore he 
 urged, That when Mofes prayed to God, 
 lie alledgedthc Merits of Abraham t Ifaac 
 and Ja,-cb, who were dead ; and further 
 laid, That Steven doubtlefs will be heard 
 fooner for fuch as reverence him now, 
 than he was for fuch as ftoned him to 
 Death. This Anfwer did not latisfy, 
 tho' his Sentence was deferred ; but his 
 Papers being delivered to the Four Or- 
 ders of Friars in London to be examined, 
 they found them erroneous and hereti- 
 cal in thefe Points, viz- That Prayer is 
 to be direfted to God alone, as above, 
 ;md ro pray to any Creature, is to com- 
 mit Idolatry ; which Anfwer being re- 
 turned to the Archbifliop, he was con- 
 demned, and being degraded, was burnt 
 Anno 1412. 
 
 John Cardmaker, Prebendary of the 
 Church of Wells. He was an Obfervant 
 Friar before the DilTolmion of the Ab- 
 bics ; but being at his Entrance into 
 that Order under Ane, ho was by King 
 Jfeny V11I. difpcnfed with for the fame 
 Religion. In King Edwards Days he 
 became a Preacher of the Reformed 
 , and was married, being then 
 
 alfo appointed a Reader in St. Paul's , 
 where the Papifts being much offended 
 at him for his Do&rincs, cut his Gown, 
 as he was executing his Office, with 
 their Knives. In the Beginning of Q^ 
 Mary's Reign he was apprehended with 
 his Dioccfan, Dr. William "Barlow ; and 
 being brought up to London, they were 
 imprifoned in the Fleet. King Edward's 
 Laws were yet in Force, and fb nothing 
 more could be done to them, rill the Par- 
 liament, which was then fitting, had 
 made the Pope Head of the Church of 
 thc-fe Nations, and the Bifhops thereby 
 gotten Authority to aft in Ecclcftaftical 
 Matters. \Vhen thefe Things were done, 
 Bifhop Barlow and Ca'rdmakev were foon 
 after brought before Gardiner, Bifhop of 
 WtfrhtR&t ar; d other Commiflioners, to 
 be examined. What their Anfwers were, 
 is not exaftly known, but Gardiner (who 
 was then Chancellor ) allowed them for 
 Catholicks, and highly commended their 
 Sobernefs, Difcretion, and Learning, 
 that they might be an Example to others 
 who were to appear; yet did he not re s 
 Icafe them, but fent the Bi/hop to the 
 Fleet, and Cardmaker to the Counter in 
 Breadflreet, London. The Bifliop was in 
 a little Time fee at Liberty, and to fe- 
 cure himfclf from the like Trouble for 
 the future, fled into Germany, where he 
 lived in a poor Condition, till Q^ Eli- 
 zabeth came to the Throne, as is above 
 faid in his Life. 
 
 Cardntaker (till remained in the Coun- 
 ter ; but it was given out that he was to 
 be rcleafed as foon as he had fubfcribed 
 to Tranfubftantiation, and other Arti- 
 cles ; which many were made to believe 
 he would do, tho' at the fame Time 
 they found all their Reafbnings, Per- 
 fwafions and Thrcatnings of none E;f- 
 feh When they faw that they could 
 not thus prevail, Bifliop Bow#r, in Whofe 
 Diocefc he then was, caufed him to be 
 examined upon diverfe Articles ; the 
 chief of which were, That having en- 
 trcd into Religion, and received the 
 Ordeis of the Church, tarn majores quam 
 mixortiy he had taken a Wife, and by 
 her had a Woman-Child, breaking 
 
 there-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 thereby his Vow^ Orders, and the Ordi- 
 nance of the Church. ^. That he had 
 believed and taught, and did believe, 
 That in the Sacrament of the Altar 
 under the vifible Forms of Bread and 
 Wine there is really and truly the na- 
 tural Body and Blood of our Saviour 
 Jcfus Chrift, and that To invifibly and 
 really prefent ( by the Power of Almigh- 
 ty God ) as not to make thereby a new 
 God, new Chrift, or new Body of 
 Chrift: And tho' the Body of Chrift is 
 vifibly and truly afcended into Heaven, 
 and is there in the vifible Form of his 
 Humanity, yet the fame Body in Sub- 
 ftance is mvifibleand truly contained in 
 the Sacrament of the Altar, as Chrift 
 at the Inftitution did intend and dc- 
 
 %" 
 
 Cardmaker's Anfwer to thefe Articles 
 \vas, i. That he was in Orders, and 
 had taken a Wife; but by his Marriage 
 be broke no Vow, becaufe he was fet at 
 Liberty to marry both by the Laws of 
 the Realm, and by the Laws and Ordi- 
 nances of the Church. 2. That he did 
 once believe and teach as is fee forth in 
 this Article ; but doth not now believe, 
 nor teach Ib ; but doth now believe, that 
 Chrift taking Bread, &V. at his laft Sup- 
 per, did inftitutc a Sacrament ; and 
 that Chrift is prefcnt to and in all them 
 who worthily receive the Sacrament 
 fpirirually,or lacramentaJly ; but utter- 
 ly denicth any real, carnal, or corporal 
 Prcfence of Chrift in the Sacrament. 
 The Bifliop having received this Anfwer, 
 remanded him to his Prifbn, where ha- 
 ving abode fomc Weeks, in Expectation 
 of his Execution, the Writ De H. t retico 
 fomburendo came May 30. 1655. to the 
 Sheriff of London, to proceed to ir. One 
 "}Jon Warne was burnt at the fame Stake 
 with him ; but great Pains was taken 
 by the Sheriffs to perfwadc him to re- 
 nounce his Opinions, and accept of the 
 Queen's Mercy : But not being to be 
 prevailed with that Way, he was car- 
 ried to the Stake ; and having cheer- 
 fully encouraged Warn, fubmitted to 
 the Flames, which confumcd them both. 
 The People, who had been made to be- 
 
 lieve that Cardmaker was not ftcdfaft to 
 his Profeflion, and were on that Account 
 fearful that he would recant, when 
 they faw him go to the Stake, fhoutcd 
 aloud for Joy, and faid, God be praifcd, 
 The Lord ftrengthen thee, Cardmaker ; 
 The Lord Jefus receive thy Spirit ; and 
 fo continued, till Fire was put to the 
 Pile. 
 
 Edward Sharp, a godly, aged, devout 
 and zealous Pcrfon, was condemned to 
 the Fire, and fuffered Martyrdom at 
 Brijlol, Anno 1556. Sept. 8. His Acculk- 
 tion was, that he mi (liked and renoun- 
 ced the Ordinances of the Rovtijb Church 
 ( then ufed in England ) and after Ad- 
 monition manfully and conftancly pcr- 
 fifting in his Oppolition to them, as con- 
 trary to the Gofpel of Chrift, confirmed 
 his Belief by fuffering Death in the Fire. 
 In the fame Month of September, and 
 Z5th Day there was 
 
 A young Man ( who was by his Trade 
 a Carpenter, but what his Name was, 
 is not known) put to Death for his Con- 
 ftancy to the Do&rinc of the Gofpel in 
 the faid City of Brijlol, where he joy- 
 fully fealed it by his Death, to the Ad- 
 miration of the Spcftators, who gave 
 Thanks to God for giving him fo much 
 Grace as to futfer fo chearfully for the 
 Truth. 
 
 Richard Lufo, a Citizen of Bath, or 
 Wellsy of whom Mr. Fox gives this Ac- 
 count out of the Regiftcr of GllbertEonrn t 
 Biftiop of Bath and Wettt y in 1 557. That 
 by a Certificate made to King Philip 
 and Queen Mary, this Richard L;//fc was 
 in his Diocefe condemned and given to 
 the Secular Power to be burned for the 
 Caufe of Hcrefy, confifting in thefc Af- 
 firmations which are in the faid Certifi- 
 cate mentioned, viz- That be denied the 
 Verity of the Body and Blood of Chrift 
 in the Sacrament of the Altar, a. That 
 he denied the Ufc of Auricular Confcf- 
 fion as neccflary to be made to a Pricft. 
 3. That he held only Three Sacrament?, 
 Baptifm, the Lord's Supper, and Ma- 
 trimony. 4. That he rcfofcd to call 
 the Lord's Supper by the Name of the 
 Sacrament of the Altar, 5 Thai he de- 
 nied
 
 8$ 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 nicd Purgatory, and aflerted that Pray- 
 ers and Alms profit not the Dead. 6. 
 That the Images are not to be fuffered 
 in the Church, and that all that 
 Jtneel to Images at the Church, be 
 Jdolators. 7. That fuch as had been 
 lately condemned to, and fuffered by 
 Fire for Religion, died God's Servants, 
 and good Marty rs. That he condemned 
 the lingle Lives of Priefts, and other 
 Votaries. 9. That he denied the Church 
 of Rome to be the Catholick,or Univer- 
 fal Church. For thefe Aflertions he 
 was condemned, and committed to the 
 Sheriffs for Execution, the Bifliop at 
 the fame Time dire&ing a Certificate to 
 the King and Queen about it ; but 
 whether he died in Jail, or was burnt, 
 we- have no certain Information. 
 
 'Richard Sharp, a Weaver of Eriftol. 
 He was brought March 9. 1556. before 
 Air. Dalby, the Chancallor of that City; 
 and being examined concerning his Be- 
 lief of the Sacrament of the Altar, was 
 perfwaded by the Chancellor and his 
 Friends to recant, which he accordingly 
 did, and made his publick Recantation 
 before all the Pari/hioners aflembled in 
 rlic Parifh- Church on Sunday * March 29. 
 1557. Having thus efcaped out of the 
 Hands of his Enemies, he fome Time 
 after felt in his Confcience fuch Tor- 
 ments, that he was not able quietly to 
 work at his Bufinefs, but decayed in 
 Flcfli and Colour of his Body, as if he 
 were in fbme Difcafe. Being thus un- 
 eafy in Body and Mind, he came upon 
 a Siirday into his Parifh-Church, called 
 the Temple ; and after High-Mafs went 
 ro the Door of the Quire, and fpoke 
 vith a loud Voice, Neighbours, bear me 
 Record, that yonder Idol ( pointing to 
 the Altar ) is the greateft and moft abo- 
 minable that ever was; and I am lorry 
 that I ever denied my Lord God. The 
 Corftablcs being prefent,wcrc command- 
 ed to apprehend him, but none of them 
 would Itir ; and fb he efcaped out of the 
 Church. A little Time after he was 
 feircd in the Night, and carried to the 
 Prifbn, Netvgatc; from whence he was 
 brought before the Chancellor, who ha. 
 
 ving examined him, and finding that he 
 denied the Sacrament of the Altar to 
 be the Body and Blood of Chrift, and 
 affirmed it to be an Idol, condemned 
 him to bs burnt ; which Sentence was 
 accordingly executed upon him, May 7. 
 1557. he conllantly continuing in the 
 Faith, and patiently bearing the Flames. 
 
 Thomas Hale, a Shoemaker of Brij?o! t 
 who was noted for Lcttardy, was thus ap- 
 prehended on Tlmrfday Night before 
 Safer, 1557. One Mr. Harris, Alder- 
 man of the City, and J-oln Stone came 
 to the Houfe of this Thomas Hale, and 
 having caufcd him to rife out of his 
 Bed, brought him out of his Houfe. 
 Thomas thereupon faid to them, You 
 have fought my Blood this Two Years, 
 and now much good may it do you. 
 They committed him to the Watchmen, 
 and then he was. fent to Prifon to New- 
 gate, April 24.' following. Soon after he 
 was carried before Mr. Dalby, the Chan- 
 cellor, who condemned him to Death, 
 for faying That the Sacrament of the 
 Altar is an Idol. He was burned with 
 Richard Sharp, with whom he was tied 
 Back to Back. 
 
 Themes Benyon, a Weaver of Briflol, 
 was alfo burnt the fame Year for Here- 
 fy. He was brought by a Conftable at 
 the Command of certain Com miffi oner's, 
 before Mr. Dalby, Chancellor of ErijloJ, 
 An%. 13. 1557. who committed him to 
 Prifon, for faying That there was no- 
 thing but Bread in the Sacrament, as 
 they ufed it. He remained about a 
 Week imprifoncd, and then being 
 brought again before Chancellor Datby, 
 Ann. c.o. was condemed to be burnt for 
 denying Five of the Seven Sacraments, 
 and holding only Two of them, viz. 
 Baptifm, and the Lord's Supper. He was 
 burnt the 27th of the faid Month and 
 Year, and bore his Sufferings with great 
 Coi.ftancy and Patience. 
 
 J-ohn Hooper, Bifliop of Gloucefier and 
 Worcejlfr, being a Somerfetfiire Man, is 
 placed as a Martyr of this County by 
 Dr. Fuller , in his Worthies, /. 21, But we 
 having given a pretty Large Account of 
 him in the Martyrs of Gloucester foire, we 
 
 will
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 887 
 
 will not repeat it here, tho' at a great 
 Diftance, 
 
 John Molins, or Mull'ins, a Somerfetfoire 
 Man, tho' he was not u Martyr, may 
 no-t uafitly accompany them, having 
 fnffercd the Lofs of his Country for the 
 fame Religion for which the foregoing 
 Perfbns were martyr'd. He was educated 
 in Magdalene College, Oxford, and being 
 a Fellow thereof, and a Bachelor of Di- 
 vinity, he became in King Henry VIII. 's 
 Days a zealous Man for a Reformation, 
 which he forwarded all that was in his 
 Power in King Edward VI.'s Reign. 
 When Queen Mary came to the Throne, 
 he knew his former Zeal had rendred 
 him obnoxious to the Popijh Party, and 
 thereupon leaving his Fellowship in 
 Magdalene College, he with Arthur Saxl, 
 Peter Morvuin, and other pious and 
 learned. Fellows of that Houfe went as 
 voluntary Exiles into Germany and the 
 neighbouring Countries, choofing to keep 
 
 their Religion with the Lofs of their 
 Livelihood. Mr. Molyni fettled at 
 Zurich, \vhere he was eftecmed a Learned 
 Man of Credit and Authority, being 
 there Greek Reader ( as is faid ) among 
 the Natives of England. When Queen 
 Elizabeth came to the Crown, he re- 
 turned into England, and was made Arch- 
 deacon of London, and Canon of Sr. 
 Paul'j, where he was much reverenced 
 for his great Learning, and frequent 
 Preaching. He hath a Poem u^on the 
 Death of the Duke of Suffolk's Twn Son.s, 
 and fomc Sermons in Print. He died 
 about the latter End of May, \ 591, and 
 was buried in the North Ifle of the Ca- 
 thedral Church of St. Paul's. He gave 
 by his Will zoo/, to purchafe Lands 
 worth Twelve Pounds a Year for au 
 Exhibition, to be given to Two Scholars 
 of Magdalene College in Oxfcrd, Six 
 Pounds per Ann, to each of them, which 
 yet continue. 
 
 The Great Sufferers in the late Rebellion were, 
 
 R.. Walter Raleigh, Dean of Wells, 
 who upon the Breaking out of the 
 Rebellion was perfecuted in the moft 
 outrageous Manner imaginable for no 
 other Caufe or Reafons whatfoever, but 
 his Loyalty to his Prince, and Zeal for 
 the Church. He was fequeftred from 
 all his Preferments, viz. Deanery, and 
 Two Livings, hurried from Prifon to 
 Prifon, once immured up in a Prifon, 
 where feveral Prifoncrs had died of the 
 Plague, and another Time fliut up in 
 his own Houfe at Wetti, which was tur- 
 ned into a Gaol ; and at length villa- 
 noufly murdered by him that was ap- 
 pointed his Keeper, viz> one David B.zr- 
 ret, a Shoemaker of the City of Wells, 
 and then Conftable. His Wife, though 
 left in very mean Circuftances, profc- 
 cuted the vile Murderer two AiTizes 
 together, but could never get him* to be 
 
 brought to a Trial: She intended to 
 have brought it on a third Time ; but 
 falling lick, could not ; whereupon the 
 Murderer appeared, and was acquitted. 
 This being effected, the Committee of 
 the County favoured the Murderer fo 
 much, that they font cue their Warrants 
 to apprehend the Doctor's eldeit Son, 
 becaufe he had joined in carrying on 
 the Profecution againft Barret ; whichr 
 obliged Mr. Raleigh to fly; and ib Barret 
 was again put into his Place. The lame 
 Commitee alfb imprisoned one Mr. St.in- 
 dijh, the Clergy-Vicar of this Church, 
 becaule he had buried the Doctor by 
 the Common Prayer. 
 
 Mr. William fieri, Bilfiop Pw/'j Son, 
 Archdeacon of T<*unto;t, and Rctor of 
 Kingibury in this Cou;. :y, was ..s emi- 
 nent a Sufferer as the lurnv. 
 the Rebellion, as he was fequcib-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 all his Preferments, fo he was driven to 
 fuch Straits, that for a mere Subfiftence 
 he was forced to marry an ordinary Wo- 
 man with a very finall Eftate, and turn 
 Farmer, or rather Day-labourer upon 
 it, the Value of it being fo little, that 
 he was forced to threm in the Barn, 
 and go to Market to fell a Cheefe ; 
 which he was feen to do at Ilminfler 
 Market. And becaufc this did not luf- 
 ficiently maintain him and his, 'tis faid 
 that he ufed to travel up and down the 
 Country with a little Paul try- horfe, to 
 fell Tobacco; but this is certain, that 
 he often \\ent to Taunton Market with 
 an Horfe- load of Apples, to fell them 
 there, that he might have Money to buy 
 Provifions ; and often begged a Pitcher 
 of Whey to keep him from Starving. 
 In thefe AfHiftions he had feveral other 
 Companions, all fequeftred Clergymen, 
 who fometimes meeting together, had 
 no other Repaft but a Piece of Bread, 
 which they cat with Salt, and a little 
 "Water for their Drink. But this was 
 not Trouble enough, as the prevailing 
 Powers then thought, but this Gentle- 
 man muft be imprifoned for no Crime, 
 but becaufe being Godfather to a Friend's 
 Child, he gave it the Name of Charles. 
 Out of them all God delivered him by 
 the Reftcration of King Charles II. when 
 he became Doftor of Divinity of Oxford, 
 Prebendary of WeUs, and Re&or of 
 CJmJ&ttt-Mdfanl in JViltjbire, which he 
 enjoyed many Years, not dying till the 
 Year 1681. gaining in and by them a 
 good Eftate in Money and Lands. 
 
 Dr. Janes Dv.gdnle, Prebendary of 
 Weft- harp-tree in the Church of Wells, 
 and Rector of Sheptcn Beauchatnp, and 
 Vicar of Evercreecb in this County, a 
 worthy Perfon, who in the Wars fled to 
 his Majefty at Oxford, where he had his 
 Poftor's Degree conferred on him. He 
 was Chaplain to the Duke of Somerfet', 
 and in the Beginning of the Wars attend- 
 ing upon the Lord Hopton's Lady on 
 her Death bed, was taken Prifoncr, and 
 being carried to Lontkn, was kept Ten 
 Weeks in the Poultry Counter, without 
 feeing the Sun, and at the fame Time 
 I 
 
 proclaimed to bo a Jefuit by the Peo- 
 ple. At the Interccffion of the Dutchefs 
 of Somerfet he was at length rcleafed, a$ 
 being her Chaplain, and under the Pro- 
 teftion of the Earl of Effex went into 
 this County to his Wife and Children, 
 but had nothing to live on ( all his Pre- 
 ferments being under Sequeftration ) 
 fave a little Eftate of his Daughters. 
 Some Time after he obtained for his 
 Fifths of Shepton Beauckamp the Vicarage 
 of Evercreecb, but not to preach in it 
 htmfelf, which, what with a Curate and 
 Taxes, proved of little Benefit, if he 
 could have enjoy 'd it quietly; but that 
 he could not, for his Houfe was often 
 plundered. In the mean Time an E- 
 ftate of 20 /. per Annum befell him, which 
 was ibon heard of, and fequeftred, and 
 at length fold for 140 /. for a Subfiftence. 
 He lived a Year after the Reftoration, 
 and had Preferments enough, but died 
 before he had any Profits, 300 /. in 
 Debt. 
 
 Mr. Jofepk Greenfield, Reflor of Whlte- 
 Staunton. He was fcizcd as he came 
 out of his Church, and carried away 
 Prifoner to Ilminjler by the Rebels, who 
 promifcd however to releafe him, be- 
 caufe he was an old Man, if his Son 
 would come and redeem him. His Son 
 was Vicar of Combe St. Nicholas, and 
 gladly accepted the Condition as foon 
 as it was propofed, and accordingly went 
 to perform that pious Office ; but the 
 faithlefs and inhumane Villains, inftead 
 of releafing the Father, as was fought 
 by the Son, made Ufe of the Opportu- 
 nity of getting them both into their 
 Power, and carried them away Prifo- 
 ners to Taunton Caftle, where they con- 
 tinued under Confinement, till the 
 King's Army from Cornwall fct them free. 
 But the old Gentleman had not enjoy'd 
 his Liberty long before he was again ap- 
 prehended, and fentup to London, where 
 he died in Gaol. His Son had his Li- 
 ving fequeftred, but fuffered nothing 
 more. He lived to the Reftoration, 
 and was made Preacher to the Society 
 of Lincoln f- Inn* 
 
 Atoiai
 
 SOME R S E 
 
 t, B. D. Re&or of Babcary. 
 He was imprifoned for rcfufing to rake 
 the Oath of Non Adherence. He had 
 received the Directory, and in fame 
 M.eafure conformed to it ; but becaufe 
 he could hot do every Thing, it was 
 little better than if he had done no- 
 thing, and to Prifon he muft go, where 
 he had no better Fare than the Roya- 
 lifts. For befides that he was plundered 
 like them, he was kept in Durance a- 
 bove a Twelve-Month, where he la- 
 mented that he was debarred of Seven 
 Things, i. The Society of his Wife. 
 2. The Comfort of his Children. 3. The 
 Converfation of his Parifliioners. 4. The 
 Want of the Benefit of bis Living. 5. 
 The Reftraint of the Exercife of his 
 FunSion. 6. The Abridgment of his 
 Liberty, and 7. The Ufe of his Books. 
 He put up Three feveral Petitions to 
 the Committee to obtain his Releafe, 
 and fn the laft urged that he had a Wife 
 and Six Children to provide for, but all 
 
 T SHIRE. 
 
 Day, 
 
 88<? 
 in the Year 
 
 with no EffcQ:. How he got his Liber- 
 ty at length, we do not find. 
 
 William Kemp, Re&or of PuAdlmore. 
 He was prefentcd to his Living in 1639 
 by Sir Jobn Homer; and when the Re- 
 bellion begun in 1642. was forced from 
 his Houfe with 1 1 Children, who toge- 
 ther with his Goods were thrown into 
 the Streets; fome of the Children in 
 'their Shifts, with only their Shoes on, 
 and others of them, who were grown 
 tip, obliged to fly into other Countries 
 to get their Bread. His Stacks of Corn 
 were fold by the Soldiers, or otherwife 
 wafted. He was imprifoned a While, 
 and afterwards il! ufed. When he had 
 his Liberty during the Ufnrpation, he 
 Supported himfelf and fuch of his Fa- 
 mily as depended upon him, by the 
 Tra&ice of Phyfick at Hauxbead in Lan- 
 caftl-re and Tathbrook-in Warwittytre ; for 
 lie dui'ft n6t continue long in a Place, 
 becaufe the Powers did not allow the 
 Roy alifts either to teach School , or prac- 
 tife Phyfick. He never could get his 
 ^Fjfths-r He lived to the Restoration, 
 and recovered his Livirg, and h-efidds 
 was made a Prebendary of r/y?o/. He 
 
 died on "Bar nab as'* 
 1 664. 
 
 Ricfard Powd, Rctor of Spaxton, a 
 Living worth between z and 300 Pounds 
 a Year. He in the Beginning of the 
 Civil Wars preached up"Subjc&ion and 
 Obedience to his People, and by his 
 private Converfation confirmed them in 
 it. When Btidgivater was befieged, he 
 and diverle other Clergymen went into 
 the Town, and afforded all the Help 
 they could to the King's Caufe ; and 
 when the Town was furrendred, all the 
 Clergymen that would not take the Co- 
 venant (amongft whom was this Mr. 
 Potoel) were driven on Foot to PortfrnoutK, 
 and there Ihipped off for London, wherte 
 when they arrived, they were put into 
 a. Peft-houfe, and allowed no other 
 Lodging but the Floor. In this Prifon 
 fome fearing that the Plague fhould 
 not difpatch them fall enough, there 
 was fent them ( they fuppofcd from fome 
 Friend, but it roved from inveterate 
 
 Enemies) a Dim of Capons with deli- 
 care Sauce, whkh they half ftarved 
 fell eagerly upon, and eat: But one of 
 them, v;z. Mr. Collier, bid them take 
 Heed, leaft Death be fn the Difh, and 
 presently gargled a Spoon-full of the 
 Sauce in his Mouth, which prefently he 
 fpit out with his Teeth. Immediately 
 upon this they all died ; and Mr. CoUhr 
 had the Plague, but cfcaped. Mr. 
 Powel being thi.s murthcred, his Soni 
 who had the next Prcfcntation of his 
 Living, fought to be admitted to it; 
 but was denied, fo that his Wife and 
 Children were forced to live upon what 
 little Eftate he left them ; yet after the 
 Reftoration his Living came into his 
 Family, and one Mr. Carlijle, hisGrand- 
 fon, now enjoys it in 1725. Mr. Cltier t 
 who was alive when Mr. Carlijle took it', 
 much rejoiced at it, and faid, / bate 
 been young, and now am OW, &c. 
 
 Emannel Sharp, Rc&or of Batlalton. 
 His Father died in the PofTcflion of thac 
 Living foon after the Beginning of the 
 Troubles, and having the Advowfon d'f 
 it' in his own Right, it became the Son V, 
 feut 'he-was not -flowed to take it before 
 U u u u u * the
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 the Reftoration ; nor could he get fo much 
 as the Fifths of the Incumbent one 
 Blndon. Whereupon he and his Family 
 were driven to the greateft Hardships, 
 fome of them being forced to fpin for a 
 Livelihood. He in the mean Time 
 wenf up and down the County, preach- 
 ing up Loyalty; but wherever he came, 
 was foon forced to fly. Mr, Flavel, the 
 famous Non- Conform ift drove him from 
 Dipfcrd and Dartmouth, in which he was 
 Curate a While. He allb kept a School 
 there, but was forced to leave both 
 ibon. He was offered any Preferment 
 by a great Man of thofe Times, if he 
 would comply with them, bur all was in 
 vain; he refolved to live and dy a Ca- 
 valier. At Jaft he retired to the Cha- 
 pelry of Marldon, belonging to the Vi T 
 carage of Paintonin Devonjbire> and there 
 he found Quiet and Support, till the 
 King's Retuin, when he recovered Ba- 
 thaJtonj and obtained the Vicarage of 
 St. Mary Magdalene in Taunton* 
 
 Wear, Reftor of , 
 
 was not only fcqueftred from his Living, 
 but his temporal Eftate was declared 
 forfeited for Treafon by Act of Parlia- 
 ment, Nov. 1 8. 1650. 
 
 Mr. Wooton, Vicar of Brldgwater, be^ 
 ing alfo fequeftred from his Living, 
 tho' he had a Wife and Six Children, 
 made a Shift to maintain them all, by 
 condefcendin^ to teach Children their 
 A B C, at WiU'tton in this County. He 
 lived to thcReftoration ; but dying foon 
 after, his Wife and Family were reduced 
 to very mean Circumftances, 
 
 Elias Wrench, D. D. ReSor of Trent, 
 to which he was prefented by Corpus 
 Chrijli College, of which he was Fellow. 
 He was fequeftred from both together 
 by the Oxford Committee in 1644. an d 
 was kept out of both till the King was 
 reftorcd, and then recovered his Living, 
 but not his Fellowship, as we fuppofe ; 
 for he refided upon his Living Twenty 
 Years, and died on it in the Year 1 680. 
 
 Charity Schools of this County. 
 
 B.4ih, Two Schools, for Fifty Boys, 
 and as many Girls, which are all 
 cloathed and taught. .The Boys School 
 was opened July 11,1711 ; and the Girls 
 School on theaift of December following. 
 Theie Schools are fupported by the an- 
 nual Subfcriptions of theM^yor, Corpo- 
 ration, Inhabitants, and the neighbour- 
 ing Gentlemen ; as alfo by fome liberal 
 BencfaHons of certain Perfons of Qua- 
 lity, and Strangers that refort to this 
 City. A Wafli-houfe is built here, and 
 a Woman hired to teach the Girls to 
 vrafh, and other Parts of Houfewifry 
 relating thereto, to qualify them for 
 Services in Gentjemejis Families. 
 
 Briflol, where there is at St. Avfins 
 Back an Hofpital built by a Gentleman 
 eminent for his Charity, who hath en- 
 dowed the fame with an Eftate of 1300 
 
 Pounds per Ann. for Teaching and Maine 
 taining of an Hundred Boys ; each ; of 
 whom is allowed Ten Pounds to put him 
 out Apprentice, when he has been there 
 Seven Years. 
 
 In 1'emple-Parijh alfo the fame Gentle- 
 man hath built an Houfe for a School, 
 and for the Matter to dwell in, and en r 
 dowed it with Eighty Pounds per Ann* 
 to be laid out in Teaching and Cloath- 
 ing Forty Boys; to take Place after his 
 Deceafe, but rcvokable and alterable 
 in his Life-time, as he fliall think fit; 
 but at prefcnt he cloaths all the Boys > 
 and gives Ten Pounds per Aw. to a Ma- 
 fter. The Reft of the Charge is de- 
 frayed by Subfcriptions within and with- 
 out tlie Parifh, which amounted laft 
 Year, w'fc. 1713. ro Fifty Pounds. 
 
 In
 
 SO ME R S E f SHIRE. 
 
 In the fame Parifli there is a School 
 for Twenty Girls, who are taught and 
 cloathcd by Subfcriptions, and cafual 
 Bencfa&ions ; which in the fame Year 
 
 1713. amounted to 35?. us. id. 
 
 In the Parifhes of St. Michael and St. 
 Augujiine there was a School opened in 
 
 1714. about Midfummer* for Fifty Boys 
 of the laid Parifhcs, to be maintained 
 by the Subfcriptions of the Inhabitants, 
 who liberally contributed towards it. 
 
 In the Parifhes of St. Thomas and St. 
 IMary Reddiff they have let up a School 
 for thirty Boys, to the Support of which 
 the Inhabitants have fubfcribcd 80 /. per 
 Ann. 
 
 Wetfs, where were ere&ed in 1714. 
 Two Schools for Twenty Boys and 
 Twenty Girls: They were opened at 
 Lady-Day that Year. The Bifhop, 
 Dean and Canons, the Corporation, and 
 fome neighbouring Gentlemen have fub- 
 fcribed about 80 /. per Ann. for the Main- 
 tenance of it, and one Gentleman hath 
 given to it 50 /. fora perpetual Fund. 
 
 Crookhorn, where is one School, to 
 which the late Dr. Hcdy hath left an 
 Hundred Pounds for the Putting out 
 fuch poor Children of it as r belong to 
 the Parifh. j 
 
 Farmbcrongh, where Fifteen' Children 
 are taught in a School, chiefljy fuppo'rt- 
 ed by the Lord of the Manor} 
 
 Froom, a School, at firft begun by a 
 private Gentleman, who voluntarily of- 
 fered Fifcy Pounds towards rhe Ereft- 
 ing of it; which having encouraged the 
 Miniftcr and chief Parifhionbrs to ga- 
 ther Subfcriptions, they have: increased 
 it to a Thou land Pounds ; by the Intercft 
 of which feveral Children are taught 
 and put out Apprentice. 
 
 Keirfbanty where is a School for Twen- 
 ty poor Children, who are taught, and 
 have a good School -houfe ; for the Re- 
 pair of which there is Five Pounds per 
 Ann. given, and the Maftcr, befidcs his 
 Dwelling in the faid Houfe, is allowed 
 10 /. per Ann- for teaching them ; all 
 which is at the Charge of a Perfon of 
 Quality. 
 
 ~ W, a School united with 
 in fViltJbire, in which 
 
 about 30 Children arc taught. It is 
 maintained by the Offertory of the faid 
 Parifhes, to which a private Gentleman 
 gives Four Pounds a Year, and the Reft 
 is made up by the Minifters, who con- 
 tribute coniiderably towards it. 
 
 Kilmerfdon t where is a School for For- 
 ty Children. The Matter's Salary is 
 Twenty Pounds per Ann. and Books are 
 provided for the Children at the Ex- 
 pence of a private Gentleman, who has 
 fettled the laid Twenty Pounds per Ann. 
 upon it for ever after his Dcceafe. Here 
 is alfo a School-houfe lately built by 
 the fame Perfbn with the Afliitance of 
 the Inhabitants, and fome others. 
 
 Metis, a School ere&ed in 1715. for 
 the Teaching of Twenty Bo/ys ; but 
 upon what Foundation, or by whom, we 
 arc not informed. 
 
 Newton S. Loe, a School ercftcd for 
 the Teaching of all the Children in 
 the Parifh, by one Mr. Jones of Stowey, 
 who hath given Ten Pounds a Year to a 
 Maftcr upon that Condition; but fuch 
 as are able, mutt pay befidcs for their 
 Childrcns Teaching. 
 
 Stanton-Drewy another School, cn- 
 doWed by the laid Mr. Jones with Ten 
 Pounds per Ann. for the Teaching of Fif- 
 teen poor Children of the faid Parifh^ 
 
 Trent, a School for the Teaching of 
 Twenty Boys, erected by a Merchant, . 
 who. hath fettled a good Houfc, and lo/. 
 a Tear upon a Maftcr, for the Uphold 1 * N 
 ing it. ' ;' \ 
 
 WeUow, a .School bfegun here by a 
 Gentleman, who gave an Hundred Pounds 
 towards the Erefting of it, as he did 50 h ' 
 at Wroom above' mentioned; but we do 
 not find that the Inhabitants here have 
 improved ir, as thole there have done. 
 
 Wrington, a School ere&ed there, but 
 we have no farther Account of it. 
 
 Yeovill, a School ere&ed here for the 
 Teaching of 28 Boys, who are all cloath- 
 ed and taught. It is maintained by 40 A 
 Subfcriptions. Eight of the Boys were 
 put out to Trades in 1712. A Reverend 
 Divine, pafling thro' this Town, gave 
 30 /. to this School, to be difpofed of 
 for the Benefit of the Children, as the 
 Truftees Ihould direct. 
 
 Uuuuu a THE
 
 THE 
 
 E, 
 
 O 
 
 To this COUNTY of 
 
 M E R \S. E T. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 J?/. 
 
 AKbas-Comb 
 Abhors Lee,? 
 or Ifle 5 
 
 Horethorn 
 Abdick 
 
 R, Merfton 
 V. Crew kern 
 
 9 9 4<>& 
 800 
 
 43 a i 
 
 Alcomb 
 
 Carhapton 
 
 J 
 
 
 
 Aiderfton 
 
 Abdick 
 
 
 
 
 Alford 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 9 9 9 ob 
 
 
 Alhampton 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 
 
 
 Allerton, pr Al- > 
 berton y 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 10 8 4 
 
 59 o 
 
 Almisford 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 7 12. I 
 
 
 Alfton M'ary'j 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 
 
 Angerleigh, or ? 
 , Angel fey $ 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 4 19 406 
 
 40 10 5 
 
 Anthony 
 
 Somcrton 
 
 
 
 
 Ar6. 
 
 Chew. 
 
 
 
 
 Aih 
 
 Martock 
 
 
 
 
 AHibrittlo 
 
 Milverton 
 
 R. Tounton 
 
 19 3 ii ob 
 
 
 Aihili 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 6 o 10 
 
 3* 5 
 
 
 
 Prebend. 
 
 7 9 9b 
 
 
 A4Hirgtor> 4 
 
 Stone 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 6 3 4 
 
 
 AAolt 
 
 Cannington 
 
 R. Bridwater 
 
 7 ** 54 
 
 
 Afli Priors 
 
 North Curry 
 
 
 
 
 A-fhron 
 
 Bcdminftcr 
 
 
 
 
 Athclncy Ifle 
 
 Somcrton 
 
 
 
 
 Audry 
 
 Whitleigh, 
 
 
 
 
 Anlcr 
 
 Sowcrton 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 36 15 o 
 
 
 Ajsbridge 
 
 Kclmcrfdan 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 ii 4 7 1 
 
 39 o- c
 
 S O M E R S E ? S H I R E. 
 
 8? 3- 
 
 Places.' 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 "Kingi "Books. 
 
 Rtal. 
 
 Babcary 
 
 Catefaflf 
 
 R.Carey 
 
 3 10 5 
 
 - 
 
 Babiftgtotv 
 
 Kilmefdon 
 
 R. Fromc 
 
 10 o o 
 
 48 6 6 
 
 Baddlcfton 
 
 Milvenon 
 
 
 - 
 
 
 Badgworth 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 5 15 
 
 
 Biigborough Eaft-- 
 Bagborough Weft 
 
 N. Curry 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 18 10 10 
 
 
 Balsborough . 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Ban well fum cap. '? 
 de Puxtoa 5 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 16 6 o ob 
 
 
 Bardialron 
 
 'Milverton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 1*5 
 
 
 Barklcy 
 
 Frothe 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 1 9 1 
 
 
 Barrow, or Barew 
 
 Bcdminfter 
 
 
 
 
 Barrington 
 
 ^iouth PC- "1 
 thcrtoii / 
 
 
 
 
 Barrow 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 I) II 19 ob 
 
 38 8 7* 
 
 Barrow North 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 717 8 ob 
 
 57 9 5i 
 
 Barton David 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 c V. Carey 
 
 3 o o 
 
 17 3 r 
 
 Barton 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 j Prebend. 
 
 3 7 6 
 
 . 
 
 Barwick 
 
 Barwick 
 
 R. Merfton , 
 
 7 H 9 
 
 40 I 5 
 
 Batcomb 
 
 Whitfon 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 26 14 4.06 
 
 " " " *" =" 
 
 
 
 r R. S. tames 
 
 4 14 6 
 
 
 Bath City ^ 
 
 Bathform 
 
 ) R. S. Mary 
 
 5 J 7 ! 
 
 
 
 
 R.S.Mich. 
 
 4 19 o 
 
 
 Ba^hefton cum "p 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cap. S. Gatha- > 
 
 Bathform 
 
 V. Bath 
 
 9 <5 5 
 
 
 rin 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Bathfdrd 
 
 Bathform 
 
 
 
 
 Bathwick & ? 
 Wolley 5 
 
 Bathform 
 
 5 R.Bath 
 J V.Bath 
 
 3 6 5 
 8 3 4 
 
 31 4 o 
 
 Bawdrip - 
 
 North Pe- ? 
 t her ton i 
 
 R. Powlet 
 
 J 5 9 7 
 
 
 Beckingrori 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 19 II, o ob 
 
 
 Bedminfter,cum ? 
 Capcllis $ 
 
 Bedminftcr 
 
 V. Bedminftcr 
 
 10 3 4 
 
 37 o 
 
 Bepre 
 
 Pitney 
 
 
 
 
 Benager 
 
 Kilmer fdon 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 13 la : 8 o 
 
 
 Bicknaller 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Bilfliam 
 
 Bempftdn 
 
 
 
 
 Bilporc 
 
 Hcdminftcr 
 
 
 
 
 Blackdon 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 ap 13; o 
 
 
 Blackford 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 6 ii, o o 
 
 38 19 5i 
 
 Brackwell, oif 7 
 Backwell 5 
 
 'Bedminfter 
 
 CR.Bcdmin. 
 $V.Bedminft. 
 
 ii :<5 3 
 6 19 8 
 
 13 iz 5 
 
 BTeydon 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 27 7 8 ob 
 
 
 Boncafton 
 
 Bathform 
 
 
 
 
 Bower E. & W. 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Bradalton, alias ? 
 Badialton 1 5 
 
 Brent 
 
 R, Taunton 
 
 7 J 6 
 
 . L
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds* 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 UM/. 
 
 Bradford 
 
 Taunton 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 10 17 6 
 
 47 15 3+ 
 
 Bradlejr 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Bradon North 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 i 6 8 
 
 
 Bradon South 
 
 Bulftone 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 544 
 
 
 Brad way 
 
 B. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Branwell 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Bratton 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 5 4 7 
 
 44 48 
 
 Brcmpfton 
 Brean 
 Brent Eaft 
 Brent Weft 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 Bempfton 
 Brent 
 Brent 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 V. Axbridge 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 7 o 5 
 30 i 3 
 
 25 17 806 
 
 4* a Hj 
 
 Brent South 
 
 Brent 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 7 5 
 
 
 Brcntknol 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 
 
 Bridghampton 
 Bridgwater 
 Brimpton 
 Briflington 
 
 Briftol City 
 
 Somerton 
 N. Petherton 
 Stone 
 Kcinmam 
 
 Bcdminfter 
 
 V. Bridgwater 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 ;Chrift-Church 
 > or Trinity 
 
 n 7 6 
 7 6 1 
 
 HO 9 
 
 45 13 10 
 380 
 
 
 
 "Elberton.or } 
 
 
 
 
 
 Aylberton, > 
 
 6 ii 6 
 
 4^ o 8 
 
 
 
 a Chapel 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Henbury 
 
 30 o o 
 
 28 4 6 
 
 
 
 St. Auuftines 
 
 600 
 
 5 10 o 
 
 
 
 S.John Bapt. ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 andS.Law-p 
 
 7 4 7 
 
 5 18 i 
 
 
 
 rence 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 S. Leonard 
 
 IZ O 
 
 4 i ' 7 
 
 
 
 S. Michael 
 
 600 
 
 5 8 ii 
 
 
 
 S. Mary-Port 
 
 70 o 
 
 6 6 19 
 
 
 
 
 All-Saints 
 
 4 3 4 
 
 21 II 8 
 
 
 
 S. Owens, or I 
 S. Ewins J 
 
 000 
 
 068 
 
 
 
 S. Mary 1 
 Rcdcliff } 
 
 1'a 5 3 
 
 40 13 3 
 
 
 
 S.Nicholas 
 
 2113 
 
 7 id 6 
 
 
 
 S. Peter's 
 
 6 7 6 
 
 l^ 50 
 
 
 
 S.Philip 
 
 15 o o 
 
 4; id o 
 
 ^ - ; 
 
 
 S. Stephen 
 
 16 o o 
 
 20 13 ii 
 
 
 
 Le Temple, p 
 
 
 
 
 
 or Holy V 
 
 3 4 
 
 33 A 8 
 
 
 
 Crofs 3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 S. Werburge 
 
 IO O O 
 
 33 6 9 
 
 Broadway 
 
 Abdick 
 
 
 
 
 Broadwaldcn 
 
 Bedminfter 
 
 
 
 
 Brockley 
 
 Chewton 
 
 R. Bcdminfter 
 
 p 8 4 
 
 33 id 10 
 
 Brompton 
 
 Stone 
 
 
 
 
 Bruham,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 8s>5 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Bruham, or Bur- 7 
 
 WIM i r An 
 
 
 
 
 ham North 5 
 
 Jjruion 
 
 
 
 
 Brumfield . 
 
 Anderfield 
 
 
 
 
 Brumpton Ralph 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 17 .10 5 
 
 
 Brumpton Regis 
 
 WiJliton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 12 5 706 
 
 48 7 91 
 
 Bruton 
 
 Bruton 
 
 
 
 
 Brymmore 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 
 
 Buckland-Din- ? 
 ham ^ 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 V. Frome 
 
 697' 
 
 16 e o 
 
 Buckland 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Buckland Marjr 
 
 Bulfton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 12 19 9 ob 
 
 
 Buckland Weft 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 Burcot 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Burland 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Burnet 
 
 Keinfliam 
 
 R. Redcliff 
 
 5 10 o 
 
 31 3 f 
 
 Burnham 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 i<5 li 10 ob 
 
 
 Burton 
 
 Bedminfter 
 
 
 
 
 Burton 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 
 
 
 Bufliford, Brufli- -> 
 
 
 
 
 
 ford, or Browif-C 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 15 I $ ob 
 
 
 ford 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Butcomb 
 
 Bedminfter 
 
 R. Redcliff 
 
 6 T 11 
 
 18 15 a 
 
 Butley cum Cap. j 
 
 
 
 
 
 de Bolftonbo- C 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 V.Glafton 
 
 12 6 8 
 
 
 rough 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cadbury North 
 
 Catefafh 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 28 1 7 3 ob 
 
 , 
 
 Cadbury South 
 
 Catefafh 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 IO 3 i ob 
 
 
 Camel Eaft, or 7 
 Queen's Camel J 
 
 Somerton 
 
 V. Merfton 
 
 17 16 Sob 
 
 
 Camelcy 
 
 Chewton 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 6 i S 4 
 
 
 Camel Weft 
 
 Somerton 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 13 8 9 
 
 
 Camerton 
 
 Wellow 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 1592 
 
 
 Can more 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Cannington 
 
 Cannington 
 
 V. Bridgwater 
 
 7 10 10 
 
 
 Cannings 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Carey 
 
 Catefafh 
 
 Pr. Wells 
 
 I 
 
 
 Carey Fitzpain 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 V, Dvinjfter 
 
 ii 8 i ob 
 
 48 15 io| 
 
 Caft 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 *. 
 
 
 Caftle-Carcy 
 
 Catefafh 
 
 V. Carey 
 
 II 16 $ ob 
 
 32 5 o 
 
 Catcot 
 
 Whileigh 
 
 
 
 
 Cathanger 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Cattern, or Cittern 
 
 Bathform 
 
 
 
 
 Chafcomb 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 9 10 lob 
 
 4* '7 o 
 
 Chard 
 
 Kiagsbury 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 36 i 9 
 
 T 
 
 Chard Old 
 
 Kingshury 
 
 
 , 
 
 ^*9
 
 M E R S ET S H / JTE, 
 
 Places. Hundreds* 
 
 Deaneries, 
 
 i 
 
 Valuation 
 
 
 
 
 Kings 1 
 
 Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Charftnch, or > 
 Cherdlinch $ 
 
 N, Petherton 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 9 15 
 
 5 
 
 
 Charlcomb 
 
 Bathform 
 
 V. Bath 
 
 5 15 
 
 10 
 
 34 13 5 
 
 Charlton 
 
 Keinfliam 
 
 
 
 
 
 Charlton Adam 
 
 Somerton V. Ilchefter 
 
 6 14 
 
 7 
 
 *4 LJ 8.1 
 
 Charlton Makercll 
 
 Somerton 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 16 o 
 
 iob 
 
 
 Charlton Canvill 
 
 Horc thorn 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 8 10 
 
 5 
 
 47 15 i Os 
 
 Charlton Mufgravc 
 
 Nor ton- fern's 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 13 10 
 
 o 
 
 
 Charlton Weft 
 
 \Vhifton 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chartcr-houfe ? 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 
 
 
 
 Heydon $ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chedder,or Chadder 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 23 6 
 
 8' 
 
 . , 
 
 Cheddon 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 13 10 
 
 10 
 
 
 Chedfcy 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 38 7 
 
 II ob 
 
 
 GhiJKngton 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chclton .-&i3* 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chelwey 
 
 Ketnfham 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 4 9 
 
 7 
 
 4* H 5 
 
 Che I wood 1 
 
 Keinfiiam 
 
 R, Bedminfter 
 
 5 7 
 
 6 
 
 
 Chclworth 
 
 Kcinfham 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cheriton North 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R. Merfton - 
 
 8 l^ 
 
 i 
 
 
 Chcrfcomb 
 
 S. P'ethcrton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 j> 10 
 
 i 
 
 
 Chefelborous; cum ^ 
 Cap. dc Wcft-> 
 Chinnock 3 
 
 Houncfebo- ? 
 rough J 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 '4 5 
 
 "I ob 
 
 
 Cheftcr Blade 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cheveley 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chcw-Bifhopscum "> 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cap. de Don- > 
 
 Chewton 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 30 13 
 
 4 
 
 
 drey 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chewftock 
 
 Chewton 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 7 5 
 
 4 
 
 14 o o 
 
 Chcwton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 ; ' 
 
 Chewton Keinfliam 
 
 Keinfham 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chcwton Mendip-} 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 cum Capcllisde/ 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 !Ewborow, Ea-V 
 
 Chetvton 
 
 V. Fro me 
 
 29 ii 
 
 6 
 
 4* 19 4 
 
 fton Major,Far-(" 
 rington & Pal-\ 
 ton 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 CHtlcompton 
 
 Chcwton : 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 Chillington 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cbilton-Cantloe 
 
 Barwick 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 9 i 
 
 * 
 
 \ 
 
 Chilton N. Pethenon 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 7 o 
 
 z cb 
 
 41 15 o 
 
 Chilton Dummer 
 
 Stone 
 
 V. Ilchcfter 
 
 5 7 
 
 i 
 
 40 15 10 
 
 Chinnock Eaft 
 
 Houndsborogh 
 
 R. Ilchcrter 
 
 6 1 
 
 8ai 
 
 t 
 
 Chinnock Middle 
 
 Hound^borogh 
 
 R. Ilchcftej 
 
 7 9 
 
 7 
 
 
 Chinnock Weft 
 
 Houndsborogh 
 
 
 
 
 
 Chiplcy 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 *;-.. 
 
 
 t,:'. , .... 
 
 Ctapftable 
 
 Will icon 
 
 R, Dun'ftcr 
 
 if I 
 
 ' 8 
 
 
 Chifton
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Placet. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Chifton 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Churchill 
 
 VVinterlloke 
 
 
 
 
 Clapton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Clotworthy 
 Claverron 
 
 Williton 
 Chewton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 R. Pawlet 
 
 13 10 5 
 
 IO 6 10 ob 
 
 
 Clatford 
 
 Frome 
 
 V. Frome 
 
 7 17 6 
 
 30 ia 6 
 
 Claufworth 
 
 Coker 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 6 8 nob 
 
 39 o ii 
 
 Clcford 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 
 J J + ^* 
 
 Cleve 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 9 16" 6 ob 
 
 
 Clevedon, or ? 
 Clcwdon i 
 
 Portbury 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 15 4 406 
 
 
 Cleve Old 
 
 Williton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 7 'o o 
 
 47 '4 o 
 
 Clopton 
 
 Portbury 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 10 9 2 
 
 45 i* 4 
 
 Cjiuton 
 
 Chew 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 94- 
 
 
 Cote 
 
 Martock 
 
 
 
 
 Coker Eaft 
 
 Coker 
 
 V. Merfton 
 
 iz 6" 5 
 
 
 CokerWcft 
 
 Coker 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 12 19 7 
 
 
 Cold Henton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 R, Carey 
 
 iz 19 4 
 
 
 Cole, or Colle 
 
 Brutort 
 
 
 
 
 Comb, or Come 
 
 Bathform 
 
 
 
 
 Comb 
 
 Willifon 
 
 15 Preb. 
 
 80 o o 
 
 
 Comb Flory 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 ii 13 9 
 
 
 Comb Hawey 
 
 Wellow 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 9 it 3 
 
 
 Comb S. Nicholas 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 15 4 4 ob 
 
 
 Comb Weft 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Compton Paunf- ? 
 ford 5 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 8 10 10 
 
 ^ 
 
 Compton Martin 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Compton Bifliops 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 CV. Axbridge 
 
 II O O 
 
 26 9 o 
 
 Compton Dartfield 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 jj Preb. 
 
 24 o o 
 
 
 Compton David 
 Compton Dundo 
 
 Keinmam 
 Wbitleigh 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 V. Ilchefter 
 
 5 10 3 
 9 6 10 ob 
 
 35 5 ^ 
 25 18 yi. 
 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 2Z O 
 
 '. 
 
 Compton Martin ~} 
 
 
 
 
 
 cumCapella de ^ 
 
 Chewton 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 10 6 8 
 
 
 Ncmpnet 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Camwidge 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Congresbury 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 4z i S 
 
 
 Copcland 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 4 ii 7 ob 
 
 
 Cothurfton, or ~> 
 
 Ttiunton 
 
 
 
 
 Cotholfton 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Coripool 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Corfon 
 
 W r ellow 
 
 
 
 ., 
 
 Gorton 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 13 9 40* 
 
 
 Cofton, or Cof- ? . 
 fington 5 
 
 Bathform 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 6 3 9 
 
 23 5 o 
 
 Cofmington 
 
 
 R. Powlet 
 
 13 10 o 
 
 ' 
 
 Coxley 
 
 Wells 
 
 ^y 
 
 
 ^> 
 
 X x x x
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries- 
 
 Valuation' 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books, 
 
 Real 
 
 Cranmer Eaft 
 
 Kilmefclon 
 
 
 
 
 Creek S. Michael 
 
 Andersfield 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 16 18 9 
 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 
 
 
 Cricket Mafherby 
 
 Bulfton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 6 6 3 
 
 4* i 5l 
 
 Cricket Thomas 
 cum Capella 5 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 9 17 6 
 
 , 
 
 45 2 6 
 
 Crixton 
 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 6 i 8 
 
 *3 5 4 
 
 Crockham Bear ? 
 cum Capella S 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 11 12 6 
 
 46 9 x 
 
 Crockham Bickham 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 32 14 406 
 
 
 Crockham Studley 
 Crofcomb 
 
 Williton 
 Whitleigh 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 12 6 IQob 
 
 45 18 7 ; 
 
 Cucklington, or ? 
 Collington S 
 
 Norton- ferr is 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 12 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Cud worth cum ? 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R. & Preb. 
 
 6 6 10 
 
 
 Cap. de Knoll S 
 
 
 
 
 
 Culbone,Culborn^ 
 or Kitnor 5 
 
 Corhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 3 18 11 ob 
 
 22 I 4 
 
 Culmington, alias > 
 Kilmmgton 5 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 21 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Curry Eaft 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Curry Load 
 
 Abdick 
 
 
 
 
 Curry Mallet cum? 
 Cap.de Curl and S 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 24 i 3 
 
 
 Curry Rival cum? 
 
 Bulfton 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 13 16 o 
 
 
 Cap. deWefton^ 
 Cuflington 
 Cuftock 
 
 Whitleigh 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Powlet 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 13 9 10 
 6 18 o 
 
 
 Cufton 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Cutcomb 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 14 o "job 
 
 
 Daultingcnmcap."^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 >de Stoke, Do-f 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 29 12 6 
 
 
 niar, Eaft and 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 22 S 9 
 
 
 Weft Cremer j 
 
 
 
 
 
 Dawlifli 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 3' 7 ^ 
 
 
 S. Decombs 
 
 Williton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 10 IO O 
 
 4<S iS til 
 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 22 15 5 
 
 
 Denifon 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Dichiat 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 46 5 o 
 
 
 Dinder cum Cura 
 
 Wells 
 
 P. Carey 
 
 2 I o 7 ob 
 
 12 i<5 9 
 
 Doddington 
 Dolirti wake 
 
 .Williton 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R.Bridgwnter 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 5 6 8 
 8 9 9 ob 
 
 35 15 o 
 48 13 > 
 
 Don let 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 15 15 o 
 
 
 Don i ford 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Doultfa Weft 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 ? 7 6 
 
 
 Draiton 
 
 Bulfton 
 
 
 
 T"\., .; 11 /!
 
 SO ME R S E r SHIRE. 
 
 899 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Duddlefton 
 
 Taunton * 
 
 
 
 
 Dulcot 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Dulverton 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 11 10 IO 
 
 
 Donrare 
 
 Kilir.erlHon 
 
 
 
 
 Don Iron 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Dundene 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 Dundry Eaft 
 
 Chew 
 
 
 
 . 
 
 Dundry Weft 
 
 Chew 
 
 R. Wells 
 
 a io 6 
 
 
 Dunkcrton 
 
 Wells 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 10 4 7 
 
 
 Dunfter 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 4 13 4 
 
 
 Durborow 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 
 
 
 Durlay 
 
 Anderfield 
 
 
 
 
 Durfton 
 
 N. Petherron 
 
 
 
 
 Eaft Ham 
 
 Crew kern 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 5 6 9 
 
 
 Eafton 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Eafton Karherine 
 
 Bathfonn 
 
 
 
 
 Eafton in Gordano 
 
 Portbury 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 5 9 4* 
 
 20 o o 
 
 Edington 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Egarley 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Elm 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 9 13 4& 
 
 
 Elm North 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Elworthy 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 6 6 8 
 
 . 
 
 Enborough 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Enmore 
 
 Anderfield 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 3 4 o ob 
 
 
 Ernfliill 
 
 Crew kern 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 I Oob 
 
 
 Evercreech cum "> 
 
 
 
 
 
 Capella dc Che- ?- 
 
 Wells 
 
 V. Carey 
 
 16 19 2 
 
 4* 15 o 
 
 fterblake _> 
 
 
 
 
 
 EviJton 
 
 Somerton 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 26 9 I ob 
 
 
 Ex ford 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 18 z SJ> 
 
 
 Exton 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 14. iz ii 
 
 ' 
 
 Fair-field 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Farlcy-Caftle 
 
 Wcllow 
 
 
 
 
 Farley-Hungerford 
 Fa rnbo rough 
 
 Wellow 
 Keinfham 
 
 R. Frome 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 8 ix 8 
 
 10 Z II 
 
 45 ^ 4 
 
 Farrenton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Fay land 
 Fed ing ton 
 
 Portbury 
 K . Petherton 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 6 io zob 
 
 48 17 5l 
 
 Felton 
 
 Bedminftcr 
 
 
 
 
 Fifehead 
 
 Bulfton 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 7 z Sob 
 
 18 15 i 
 
 Fitz-head 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Ford, alias Bath-? 
 ford 5 
 
 N. Carry 
 
 V. Bath 
 
 8 18 lot 
 
 1 5 5.,, d 
 
 Forton 
 
 Kin^sbury 
 
 
 
 
 I- ox cote 
 
 Wellow 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 4 19 a 
 
 4o 15 .9 
 
 Frcflifbrd , 
 
 Bathfcrm 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 7 7 8 ob 
 
 59 5 >i 
 
 X x x x x 2 Fricry
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 places. 
 
 Hundred:. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Friery 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 
 
 
 Frome Selwood 
 
 Frome 
 
 V. Frome 
 
 22 
 
 
 Fulford N..& S. 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Gedney 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Gedney-more 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 . 
 
 
 Glaftonbury 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Gotehurft 
 
 Anderfield 
 
 R. Bridgwatcr 
 
 9 '0 7 
 
 
 Gothill 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 3 11 1 ob 
 
 =9 7 8; 
 
 Gofebradon 
 
 
 R. Crew kern 
 
 i 6 S 
 
 
 Granham 
 
 Milverton 
 
 
 
 
 Green ware 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 G rein ton 
 
 Whirleigh 
 
 R.Powlet 
 
 13 o 10 
 
 39 5 5 
 
 Hacche Beauchamp 
 
 . Bathform 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 13 5 2 
 
 
 Halfey, or Hal- ? 
 wenfey 5 
 
 Williton 
 
 V.. Taunton 
 
 5 9 7 
 
 37 10 3! 
 
 Halton 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 
 
 ' 
 
 Hal ton 
 
 Whitlcigh 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 8 O 2 ob 
 
 2561 
 
 Hampton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 4 
 
 
 Hampton Bath 
 
 Bathform 
 
 V. Bath 
 
 7 '7 r 
 
 
 ^Hardington 
 
 Coker 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 915 7 ob 
 
 
 .Hardington 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 6 Qob 
 
 1980 
 
 Harptree 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Harptree Eaft 
 
 Chewton 
 
 C Prebend 
 
 6 13 4. 
 
 
 
 
 7 V. Frome 
 
 815 o 
 
 31 10 3 
 
 Haptree Weft 
 
 Chewton 
 
 V~. Bedminfter 
 
 13 19 4 ob 
 
 24 2 4 
 
 Hafilbcar -, 
 
 Houndsborogh 
 
 5V. Ilchefter 
 
 700 
 
 28 9 9 
 
 
 
 ^Prebend. 
 
 900 
 
 
 Hafingrorc 
 
 Catefafh. 
 
 
 
 
 Hafwell 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Hatch Weft 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Hawkridge 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunftcr 
 
 13 8 4 
 
 
 Haygrove 
 
 N. Pctherton 
 
 
 
 
 Heal 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Hcnnington 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 13 H 7 
 
 
 Hen ford 
 
 Matrevers 
 
 
 
 
 Henley 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 ttenftridge 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 CV. Merfton 
 ^Prebend. 
 
 13 o 2 ob 
 14 o o 
 
 
 Hen ton 
 
 Martock 
 
 
 
 
 Hen ton Blewit 
 
 Chewton 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 9 8 i ob 
 
 47 o o 
 
 Henton Carthoufe 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Heton S. Gcorgo 
 
 Crew kern 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 13 13 4 
 
 47 19 J\ 
 
 Hctchpcn, or ? 
 llendefpenc S 
 
 Bruton 
 
 
 
 
 Hcthfield 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 918 
 
 
 Hevsifk 
 
 Crewkcrn 
 
 

 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries* 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Hewifli & Lang- ? 
 po*t S 
 
 Pitney 
 
 V. Ilchefter 
 
 14 10 5 
 
 29 3 o 
 
 Hewifli Champ-? 
 
 Wiiliton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 13. 9 4 ob 
 
 
 flower S 
 
 
 
 
 
 Higham 
 
 Whitloigh 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 38 19 2 
 
 
 Hill-Bifliop 
 Hinton 
 
 Taunton 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 
 
 
 Hockomb 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 ' 
 
 
 Holcornb 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 CR. Frome 
 
 5 7 Sob 
 
 21 IIP 
 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 I O O 
 
 
 Holford, or Hal-? 
 ford S 
 
 Witleigh 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 5 I 5 
 
 43 o o 
 
 Holway 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Holwell 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 Honybere 
 Honywike 
 Hornblowton 
 
 Wiiliton 
 Bruton 
 Whitflbn 
 
 R. Catey 
 
 7 * i 
 
 
 Horrington Eaft 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Horrtngton W'eft 
 Horfington 
 Houlford 
 
 Wells 
 Horethorn 
 Wiiliton 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 iS 6 Q ob 
 
 
 Huntley 
 
 Stone 
 
 
 
 
 Huntfpill, or Hin-7 
 fpill 5 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 R. Powlet 
 
 1* 5 5 
 
 
 Huntworth 
 
 N. Petfeerton 
 
 
 
 
 Hurft 
 
 Martock 
 
 
 
 
 Hutton 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 14 oo 
 
 
 Hyth 
 
 W T interftoke 
 
 
 
 
 S. James 
 
 Bathform 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 4 14 6 
 
 
 Idftock 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Ilbruers 
 Ilchefter 
 
 Bulfton 
 Tintinhull 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 7 10 o 
 7 1 6 ioob 
 
 39 19 7 
 
 Ilbear, or Ilbriwere 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Ilminfter 
 
 Abdick 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 2550 
 
 
 llton 
 
 Abdick 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 6 9 406 
 
 27 n o$ 
 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 U 4 2 
 
 
 Inglebath 
 
 Wellow 
 
 
 
 
 Inglefcomb, alias? 
 
 Wellow 
 
 V. Bath 
 
 9 3 1 1 sb 
 
 38 16 8 
 
 Inelefton 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 Ivythorn 
 
 Whitloigh 
 
 
 
 
 Rchvefton 
 Kenn 
 Kowftock 
 
 Bathform 
 Winterftoke 
 Wincerftoke 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 9 12 6 
 
 45 2 ia 
 
 Keynftam cum ? 
 
 ft* V 
 
 Keynfham 
 
 V. Bcdminftcr 
 
 ii 9 7 
 
 1580 
 
 CapcUts 3 
 Kidenor 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R, Dunfter 
 
 3 i3 7 ' 
 
 . t 
 
 .el-
 
 02 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds- 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 KiJlefdon,orKel-7 
 fton 5 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Kilmcrfdon cum ? 
 Capellis 5 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 V. Frome 
 
 6 18 6eb 
 
 37 17 o 
 
 Kilmington 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 Killlock 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Kilton, or Kil- 7 
 veron J 
 
 Williton 
 
 V. Bridgwater 
 
 7 6 10 ob 
 
 49 o o 
 
 Kilvc, alias Culve 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 9 16 Sri 
 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 
 
 
 Ivimiton, alias <> 
 Kilmiton 
 
 Horcthorn 
 
 
 
 
 Ivingsbury 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 V. Crcwkern 
 
 17 18 i ob 
 
 
 Kingflon 
 
 Somerton 
 
 R. Ilcheftcr 
 
 2-1 $ 1 ob 
 
 
 Kingfton 
 
 Abdtck 
 
 
 
 
 Kingtton Seymour 
 
 Chewton 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 2.9 $ 1 1 ob 
 
 
 Kingfton cum CaO 
 
 11' r* 
 
 Taunton 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 18 7 n 
 
 
 pellis 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 Kington alias ? 
 Mansfield 5 
 
 Catefafti 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 6 13 p 
 
 39 o 4i- 
 
 Kington alias ? 
 Pitney 3 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 5 19 2 
 
 
 King's Wefton 
 
 Catefalh 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 10 16 3 
 
 41 14 * 
 
 Kitsford 
 
 Milverton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 ii 10 5 
 
 
 Knape 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Knowle 
 
 Pitney 
 
 
 
 
 Knowle 
 
 S. Pctherton 
 
 
 
 
 Lambrook Eatt 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 668 
 
 25 5 8 
 
 Lambrook Weft 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 
 
 / J 
 
 Lamyat 
 
 Wlutfton 
 
 R, Carey 
 
 12 4 2 
 
 
 Langford 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Langley 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Langport 
 
 Pitney 
 
 
 
 
 Langrcdge 
 
 Barhform 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 5 19 406 
 
 44 i<5 oj 
 
 Langridge 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Laverton 
 
 Bath form 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 10 6 8 ob 
 
 
 Laverton 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 6 18 6 ol 
 
 43 18 6 
 
 Launfdon, or 7 
 
 Bath form 
 
 
 
 
 Lanieton 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 Lee Flory 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Leigh Abbots 
 
 Abdick 
 
 
 
 
 Lidford Eaft 
 
 Catefafti 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 1 9 1 
 
 39 -la 9 
 
 LidfordVVeft 
 
 Catefafi-i 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 H n 4 
 
 ++ ^ 
 
 Lidiard Bilhops 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 2O I O 
 
 43 4 o 
 
 Lidiard Lawrence 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 22 $ 8 
 
 
 Leigh Abbots 
 
 Portbury 
 
 
 
 
 Leigh
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 903 
 
 Places. I Hundreds* 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Rw/. 
 
 Leigh under- 1 
 Mendip j 
 
 1 
 
 Kilmer fdon 
 
 
 
 
 Limmington 
 
 Stone 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 21 6 job 
 
 
 Limpfliam 
 
 Brent 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 38 5 2 eb 
 
 
 Lincomb 
 
 Bathform 
 
 
 
 
 Ling, alias Weft- ? 
 Leng 5 
 
 Anderfield 
 
 V. Bridgwater 
 
 i 8 4 
 
 21 IO 
 
 Liftock, alias 1 
 Langftoke J 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Little 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Littleton, alias \ 
 High Little j* 
 
 Chewton 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 7 7 8 
 
 15 1 6 o 
 
 Litton 
 
 Wells 
 
 5 Prebend 
 4 R. Frome 
 
 I J 14 p ob 
 
 8 i z Sob 
 
 
 Locking 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 5 6 lo ob 
 
 24 2 Ol 
 
 Long-Afton 
 
 Bedminfter 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 10 17 ll 
 
 44 7 4 
 
 Long-lode, alias 1 
 Longland J 
 
 Martock 
 
 
 
 
 Lopen, or Lopyne 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Lotfliam 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 
 
 
 Lovington 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 
 
 
 Luccomb, alias ? 
 Lnckham 3 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 14 3 - 6 ob 
 
 
 Lullingron 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 
 
 Lufton 
 
 Tintinhull 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 5 7 8 ob 
 
 
 Luxborough 
 Lux ton 
 
 Carhampton 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 ij 15 5 
 
 
 Lye 
 
 Portsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Maperton 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 i? 9 7 
 
 
 Mardelin, alias *> 
 
 
 
 
 
 S. Mary Magd. 
 
 Taunton 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 20 3 4 
 
 
 de Taunton j 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mark Eaft 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 
 
 Mark Weft 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 
 
 Macksbury 
 Marfh, alias Merfti 
 
 Keinfham 
 Stone 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 10 4 2 
 
 48 7 ii 
 
 Martock cum ~} 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cap. dc Staple- V 
 
 Martock 
 
 V. Ilchefter 
 
 'TJ 10 
 
 45 iz 4 
 
 ton 3 
 
 . 
 
 
 
 
 S. Mary 
 
 Bathform 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 5 J 7 10 
 
 
 Mells, or Mellis ~) 
 
 
 
 
 
 cum Cap. de b 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 R.Frome 
 
 33 16 8 
 
 
 Lye ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Mendip-Hills 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Merc 
 
 Glafton 
 
 V, Glafton 
 
 13- 2 8 o* 
 
 5i o <Jj 
 
 Mexc 
 
 ; 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 
 
 
 Merri-
 
 904 
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 P!*j*t< 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Merriheld, or ? 
 Murrificld ^ 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 ii ii 4 
 
 
 Merriot 
 Mei fton Bigot 
 
 Crewkern 
 Fro me 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 R. Frome 
 
 ii ii 5 ob 
 
 ii 19 9 oh 
 
 4<> 1 7 04 
 
 Mcrftcxn Broad 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 V. Mcrfton 
 
 6 10 10 
 
 12 3 $ 
 
 Michael'* Borough 
 
 Somerton 
 
 
 
 P 
 
 Middlcfoy 
 
 WhiMeigh 
 
 V. Glafton 
 
 12 O O 
 
 22 I 10 
 
 Milborn Port 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 V. Merfton 
 
 14 i 3 
 
 
 Milton,aliasMcl-? 
 ton Clcvedon $ 
 
 Bruton 
 
 V. Carey 
 
 * 13 4 
 
 4^ 18 S 
 
 Milton Podimore 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 R.Ilchefter 
 
 12 6 5 ob 
 
 
 Milverton prima p 
 
 
 
 
 
 cum Cap. de > 
 
 Milverton 
 
 R.Tauaton 
 
 21 ij> ^ 
 
 
 Langford j 
 
 
 
 
 
 Milverton fecund* 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 5 5 8 
 
 
 Mine head 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 18 9 7 
 
 
 Minehead 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Mifterton 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 
 
 Monk-Silver 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 9 8 i ob 
 
 
 Monkton 
 
 Anderfield 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 z6 o o 
 
 29 II o 
 
 Monkton Weft 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 More 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 
 
 Morlinch & Sut--^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 ton cum Cap. C 
 
 VVhitleigh 
 
 V. Glafton 
 
 IO O O 
 
 43 16 o 
 
 de Chelfton ^ 
 
 
 
 
 
 Morton 
 
 Abdick 
 
 
 
 
 Montague 
 
 Tintinhull 
 
 V. Ilcheftcr 
 
 8 10 o 
 
 2.1 IO lo 
 
 Muchney, alias 7 
 Mochclncy 5 
 
 Pitney 
 
 V.Ilchefter 
 
 10 O O 
 
 
 Mudford 
 
 Stone 
 
 V. Merfton 
 
 9 4 9 ob 
 
 41 4 < 
 
 Mudford Sock 
 
 Stone 
 
 
 
 ~ ~ y 4 
 
 Nail fey 
 
 Bcdminftcr 
 
 
 
 
 Ncroeh, or No- ) 
 rceth 3 
 
 Abdick 
 
 
 
 
 Netherwcre 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 
 
 
 Ncttlccomb 
 
 VViJliton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 16 \6 3 
 
 
 Newton North 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Newton S. Loc 
 
 Wellow . 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 17 18 4 
 
 
 Newton Weft 
 
 N.Pcthcrton 
 
 
 
 
 Nony, or Nunny 
 
 Fro me 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 15 9 4 ob 
 
 
 North Curry 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 21 O O 
 
 40 4 o 
 
 Northovcr 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Northover 
 
 Tintinhull 
 
 V. Ilcheftcr 
 
 6 iz ii 
 
 43 o o 
 
 Norton Philipps p 
 
 
 
 
 j 
 
 ciun cap. de r 
 
 Wells 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 5 i* 3 
 
 
 Hen ton 3 
 
 
 
 
 *v
 
 S ME R S E<T SHIRE. 
 
 Placet. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries, 
 
 Valuation- 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Norton juxta ^ 
 Hambden 3 
 
 Houndsborogh 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 9 16 $ 
 
 
 Norton 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 20 10 10 
 
 
 Norton Friers, ~) 
 
 
 
 
 
 alias Norton r 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 V. Frome 
 
 10 $ 4 
 
 35 ^ 9l 
 
 Midfomer 3 
 
 
 
 
 J J * * 
 
 Norton Bone wood 
 
 Chew 
 
 
 
 
 Norton Malreward 
 
 Chew 
 
 R.Bedmtnfter 
 
 9 2 6 
 
 
 Nynehcad 
 
 Taunton 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 8 7 ii 
 
 
 Odcomb 
 
 Houndsborogh 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 15 19 9 ob 
 
 
 Oke 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 n o 5 
 
 
 Oke-hampton 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Oke-hole 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Orchard 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Tounton 
 
 7 ii 5 
 
 
 Orchardley 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 200 
 
 19 6 4 
 
 Orchard Portman 
 
 Taunton' 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 7 II 5 ob 
 
 45 14 10* 
 
 Orchard Windham 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Ottery, or Othery 
 
 Glafton 
 
 V. Glafton 
 
 12 O 
 
 19 10 2 
 
 Otterford 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Otterhampton 
 Orterfey 
 
 Cannington 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R.Bridgwater 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 13 6 o ob 
 6 9 i 
 
 47 ii 5^ 
 
 Oure 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 4 17 6 
 
 31 12 II 
 
 Panborough 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Parret North 
 
 Houndsborogh 
 
 
 
 
 Pawlet, or Powler 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 V. Powlet 
 
 10 17 ii 
 
 47 H *i 
 
 Pawlton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Pen 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 5 4 3 
 
 
 Pendomer 
 
 Coker 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 3 4 4<>l> 
 
 
 PennardEaft cunO 
 W r eft Bradley 5 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 V. Carey 
 
 7 49"* 
 
 r- 15 9 
 
 Pennard Weft 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Penfclwood 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 6 14 9 ob 
 
 47 * 4 
 
 Pensford 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Ferry 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Perrot North 
 
 Houndsborogh 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 9 18 I ob 
 
 
 Peryton, or Purlton 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 V. Powlet 
 
 6 15 10 
 
 24 i 5 
 
 Petherton N. 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 V. Bridgwater 
 
 27 7 ii 
 
 
 Petherton S. 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 24 o o 
 
 
 Peyton 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Philips Norton, fupra in Norton 
 
 
 
 Pi^sbury 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 
 
 
 Pill, alias Pull 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 8*9 9 ob 
 
 4i 5 9\ 
 
 Pilton cum Cap. ? 
 de Wotton S 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 V, Carey 
 
 700 
 
 zy 10 o 
 
 Pitcomb, or Pid- ? 
 comb 5 
 
 Bruton 
 
 
 
 
 Yy y yy 
 
 Pirraifter
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Placet. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Pitmiftcr 
 
 Taunton 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 i$ ip 5 
 
 46" 17 o 
 
 Pitney 
 
 Pitney 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 9 14 9 ob 
 
 37 74 
 
 Pixton 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Pointington 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 ij 8*4 
 
 
 Poking ton 
 
 Bulfton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 1 3 7 3 & 
 
 
 Polfham 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Porlock 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 18 ii 8 
 
 
 Porfhut, or Pork-> 
 fhed $ 
 
 Portbury 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 32 15 7 ot 
 
 
 Portbury 
 
 Portbury 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 10 n 3 
 
 17 15 8 
 
 Pownsford 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Pradicot 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 
 
 
 Prefton 
 
 Keinfliam 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 iz 18 4 
 
 
 Prefton 
 
 Stone 
 
 
 
 
 Prefton Bowyer 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 * 
 
 
 Pridley 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Publow 
 
 Keinfham 
 
 
 
 
 Pull 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Puckfton 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Pudlemore 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 12 6 '$ob 
 
 
 Purland 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Quantox-HcadEaft 
 Quantox-Head Y/efF 
 
 Williton 
 Williton 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 984 
 1189 
 
 48 i zl 
 
 Raddon 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 
 
 Radne-llock 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Radftock 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 6 II O ob 
 
 
 Ragilbury 
 
 Bedminfter 
 
 
 
 
 Ratcliff-ftrcct 
 
 Bedminfter 
 
 
 
 
 Rcdingtpn 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 8 7 8 ob 
 
 47 3 * 
 
 Rcdlinch 
 
 Bruton 
 
 
 
 
 Rimpton 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R, Merfton 
 
 19 19 9 ob 
 
 
 Jlilbn 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Rode 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 ii 9 4 o& 
 
 47 17 ii 
 
 Kod\vay 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Roke.sbridge 
 
 Brent 
 
 
 
 
 Rowbarrow 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 7 10 o 
 
 19 17 9 
 
 Rowington 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 51 sob 
 
 47 6 "i 
 
 Rubart 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Run ton 
 
 Milvertcn 
 
 
 
 
 Runwcll 
 
 Taunton ; 
 
 
 
 
 Salfifrd ; . 
 
 Keinfham 
 
 S R.Bedmin. 
 i Prebend 
 
 10 5 10 
 
 6 12 1 
 
 33 ' 4 
 
 Sam ford 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Samford Arundcl 
 
 Milverton 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 6 3 I cb 
 
 ii 16 6 
 
 SamfoidBotficld 
 
 Milvcrton 1 
 
 
 
 e*
 
 SO M E R S 
 
 S HI RE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Httndredf* [ Dearteries. 
 
 Valuation, 
 
 
 \ 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Samford Bret, or > 
 Birt f 
 
 Wiliiton 
 
 R. Dtanfter 
 
 7 97 
 
 
 Samford Orcas 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 n 9 o ob 
 
 
 Sandford 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 5feaborow,or Zea-7 
 barrow 5 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 6* 15 o 
 
 44 4 5 
 
 Selworthy 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 12 5 5 
 
 
 Selwood 
 
 Bruton 
 
 
 
 
 Seving-hampton 
 
 Brent 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 6 14 ii 
 
 
 Sevington Abbot 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Sevington Mary ~} 
 
 
 
 
 
 cumCapella de C 
 
 S. Pethertou 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 6150 
 
 
 Dinington 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Sevington Michael 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Shapwick 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 V, Glafton 
 
 9 13 4 
 
 4* i/ 4 
 
 Shcpton Beauchamp 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 14 8 u ob 
 
 
 Shcpton Mallet 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 33 12 ii 
 
 
 Shepton Montague 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 V. Carey 
 
 S 15 o 
 
 25 2 S 
 
 Sherfton 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Shiphani 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 '10 3 li ob 
 
 20 I " i 
 
 Shurton 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Siddington 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 Skilgate 
 
 WiHiton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 9 9 4 ob 
 
 
 Slatts 
 
 Bathform 
 
 V.Bath 
 
 5 6 i 
 
 
 Sock 
 
 Tintinhul 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 5 10 2,-ob. 
 
 
 Somerton 
 
 Pitney 
 
 
 
 
 Somerton 
 
 -nerton 
 
 V. Ilchefter 
 
 16 o 7 ob 
 
 
 Somerton Erly 
 
 i> erton 
 
 
 
 
 Southorp 
 
 S. i therton 
 
 
 
 
 x Sparkford , 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 12 16 3 
 
 
 Spaxton 
 
 Cannington 
 
 R. Bridgwater 
 
 24 S 9 
 
 
 Spergrove 
 
 Catefafh 
 
 V. Carey 
 
 5 3 1 1 ob 
 
 
 Staffordel 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 
 
 
 Stalls, alias S. S. 7 
 
 
 VT"* *. 1 
 
 
 
 Petri & Pauli $ 
 
 
 . Bath 
 
 20 I? II 
 
 
 Sranderwick 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 .i 9 7 
 
 
 Stanton Bury 
 
 Kcinfliam 
 
 V 
 
 
 
 Stanton Drew 
 
 Keinfliam 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 7 2 8 ob 
 
 34 5 3 
 
 Staunton, orSra- ? 
 verton Prior 
 
 Keinfliam 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 IO I 1O ob 
 
 42 13 8 
 
 Staple Fitz-pain p 
 
 
 
 
 
 cum Capellade 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 17 14 o 
 
 
 Bucknel 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Staplegrove 
 
 Taunron 
 
 
 
 
 Stapleton 
 
 Martock 
 
 
 
 
 Stawley 
 
 Milverton 
 
 R. Taujnton f 8 8 6 ob 
 
 45 5 is], 
 
 Stock) inch Mag- 1 
 dalen J 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 4 4 7 
 
 19 D" 2' 
 
 Y y y y y i ' Stock-
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation* 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Stocklinch Ot- 7 
 terfey 5 
 
 Abdick 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 692 
 
 33 n *; 
 
 Stockv/ood 
 
 Keinfham 
 
 
 
 
 Stotford 
 
 Barwick 
 
 
 
 
 Stoke, alias Braiford 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 7 15 2 ob 
 
 48 19 (Jj 
 
 Stoke Giffard, a- p 
 
 
 
 
 
 lias Rodney 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 S 12 Sob 
 
 28. 15 loj 
 
 Stoke J> 
 
 
 
 
 
 Stoke Gomer 
 
 Williton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 ii 18 9 
 
 47 7 *i 
 
 Stoke Gregory 
 
 Somcrton 
 
 
 
 
 Stoke Gurfey 
 
 Cannington 
 
 V. Eridgwater 
 
 16 l 6 
 
 
 Stoke Land 
 
 Kilmerldon 
 
 
 
 
 StokelandGraunts 7 
 alias Briftol 5 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 R. Bridgwate'r 
 
 6 9 4<>i 
 
 38 j S 
 
 Stoke Mary 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Sioke North 
 
 Bathform 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 526 
 
 38 ii $ 
 
 Stoke Pero 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 4 10 10 
 
 20 7 x 
 
 Stoke South 
 
 Bathform 
 
 V. Bath 
 
 7,18 9l 
 
 
 Stoke Triftre 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 
 
 
 Sroke under 7 
 Hambden 5 
 
 Tintinhull 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 44 18 10 
 
 
 Stone Afton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Stone Chappel 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Stowcll 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 R. Merfton 
 
 6150 
 
 49 16 ii 
 
 Stowell 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Stowey cum Ca- 7 
 pella 5 
 
 Chew 
 
 R.Bedminfter 
 
 6 12 I 
 
 
 Stowey 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 ' S 8 4 "^ 
 
 
 Stowey neither 
 
 Williton 
 
 V. Bridwater 
 
 5 2 S ob 
 
 
 Stowey over 
 
 Williton 
 
 V. Bridgwater 
 
 7 i 4 
 
 
 Stratcn fuper 7 
 Forte $ 
 
 Kilmerfclon 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 9 ii 5 ob 
 
 41 14 a 
 
 Stratton over 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Street 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Street cum Capel- 7 
 la de Walton > 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 R. Glafton 
 
 14 12 2-\' 
 
 
 Stcnixton 
 
 Cannington 
 
 
 
 
 SuttoQ Montague 
 
 Catefaflt 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 6 ii i 
 
 
 Mitton Bingham 
 
 Coker 
 
 R . Merfton 
 
 4 15 i? 
 
 
 6utton Bimops 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Sutton Knights 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Sutton Long 
 
 Somerton 
 
 V. Ilchefter 
 
 3 18 l ob 
 
 53 8 2 
 
 Sutton Mallet 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Swanfwick 
 
 Bathform 
 
 R.Bath 
 
 9 17 8 ob 
 
 43 15 3'f 
 
 Swill, or Swell 
 
 Bulfton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 5 i 5 
 
 45 9 3 
 
 
 i 
 
 
 
 
 Taunton 
 
 Taunton 
 
 Preb-W^ls 
 
 400 
 
 
 TJsford 
 
 Wells 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 9 I O ob 
 
 45 I0 4 
 
 o , Temple
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 Placet. 
 
 Hundreds, 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 K'tngj Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 Temple Comb 
 
 Hore thorn 
 
 
 
 
 Thorn Coffin 
 
 Martock 
 
 R.Ilchefter 
 
 5 5 ib 
 
 
 Thorn Fawcon 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Taunton 
 
 14 10 o 
 
 
 Thorn S. Marga- 7 
 ret Capclla 3 
 
 Tintinhull 
 
 Ch. Taunton 
 
 z 5 9 
 
 12 10 9; 
 
 Thrubwell 
 
 Keinfham 
 
 
 
 
 Thurlbury 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Thurloxton 
 
 N. Pethenon 
 
 R.Bridg water 
 
 6 15 15 
 
 
 Ticknam 
 
 Portbury 
 
 V. Bedminfter 
 
 889 
 
 
 Timbercomb 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 6 10 o 
 
 37 4 o 
 
 Timsborough 
 Tintinhull 
 
 Chew 
 Tintinhull 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 V. Ilchefter 
 
 ii 19 9 ob 
 989 
 
 
 Tob ridge 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Toll and 
 
 Taunton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 700 
 
 
 Torwefton 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Treborough 
 
 Williton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 710 4 ob 
 
 47 ii i| 
 
 Trendle North 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Trendle South 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Trull 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Trent 
 
 Horethoin 
 
 
 
 
 Tuckerton 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 
 
 
 Tummer 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 
 
 
 Twiverton 
 
 Wellow 
 
 V. Bath 
 
 518 i ob 
 
 4f ii 10 
 
 S. Vincent's Rock 
 
 Portbury . 
 
 
 
 
 Vineyard Monks 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Uphill 
 
 Winrerftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 ii 7 i 
 
 4* 13 iol 
 
 Upton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Upton Noble 
 
 Bruton 
 
 
 
 
 Walcot 
 
 
 R. Bath 
 
 6 19 9 ob 
 
 27 8 a - 
 
 Walkham 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Walton inGordano 
 
 Portbury 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 9 15 5 
 
 19 14 S 
 
 Walton 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Wanftraw 
 
 Frome S. 
 
 R. Fromc 
 
 15 9 $ob 
 
 
 Ware 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 Prebend 
 
 7 16 5 
 
 
 Watchct 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Watford 
 
 Kingsbtiry 
 
 
 
 
 Way ford 
 
 Crewkcrn 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 5 i }d 
 
 45 ii pi 
 
 Wcdmorc 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 20 8 6 
 
 51 9 s 
 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 1600 
 
 
 Wecke 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Week Lawrence 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Wellington cum p 
 
 
 
 
 
 Cap. de Buck- > 
 
 Milverton 
 
 V. Taunton 
 
 15 13 iob 
 
 
 land 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wellow 
 
 Wellow 
 
 V. From* 
 
 2d 6 10 
 
 3? lo p 
 
 Wells City 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 W-elton,
 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 i 
 
 Places, 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 King's Books. 
 
 Real 
 
 Welton 
 
 Chewton 
 
 
 
 
 Wemdon 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 V. Bridgwater 
 
 9 6 10 cb 
 
 X8 Q ol 
 
 Were 
 
 Bempfton 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 12 I 506 
 
 * x ^ T 
 
 \Veftbury cum 5 
 Cap.de Predey 5 
 
 Wells 
 
 EC. Axbridge 
 
 J 
 
 ii 4 9ob 
 
 37 8' 61 
 
 Weftcomb 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Weftford 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Weft'nam 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Wefton 
 
 Bathform 
 
 V.Bath 
 
 10 i 8 
 
 
 Wefton in Zoiland 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 R. Glafton 
 
 14 6 8 
 
 
 Wefton inGordano 
 
 Portbury 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 6 $ l ob 
 
 24 a 84 
 
 Wefton 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Wefton Bamfield 
 
 Catefafli 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 8 iv 10 
 
 
 Wefton fuper Mare 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Axbridge 
 
 J 
 
 14 17 ii 
 
 49 9 ii 
 
 Weftoure 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Wethihill 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Whatley 
 
 Frome 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 12 17 I 
 
 
 Wheathill 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 4 5 2 ob 
 
 39 15 ioi 
 
 Whit church 
 
 Keinfham 
 
 
 
 
 Whifcomb 
 
 Tintinhull 
 
 
 
 
 WhitfieldEaft 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Whithall 
 
 Tintinhull 
 
 R. Ilchefter 
 
 16 5> 8 
 
 
 Whitlackington 
 
 Abdick 
 
 V. Crewkern 
 
 7 10 o 
 
 21 8 
 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 8 12 4 
 
 
 "Wliitncl 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 j ~ 
 
 
 Whitftanton, or 7 
 Wicktaunton y 
 
 S. Petherton 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 14 2 TO 
 
 
 Whittengley 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 
 
 Wichc 
 
 Bruton 
 
 
 
 
 Widecomb, or 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Winfcomb y 
 
 
 
 
 
 Wigden 
 Williton. 
 
 Stone 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Wilmefton 
 
 Keinfliam 
 
 
 
 
 Wilton 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Wincaunton 
 
 Norton-ferris 
 
 
 
 
 Wincsford 
 
 Williton 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 14 15 9 
 
 
 Winfcild 
 
 Keinfham 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 21 IZ II 
 
 
 IVinfcomb 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 V, Crewkern 
 
 16 z ii 
 
 47 6' 8] 
 
 Winfham 
 
 Kingsbury 
 
 R. Crewkern 
 
 14 3 4 
 
 
 Witcomb 
 
 Bath 
 
 
 
 
 \Vitcomb 
 
 Martock 
 
 
 
 
 Withicomb 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 10 ii 5 ob 
 
 
 Withy Pool 
 
 Williton 
 
 
 
 
 Wivelfcomb 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 V. Dunfter 
 
 27 o o 
 
 
 \Vokey 
 
 Wells 
 
 C Prebend. 
 ^V. Axbridge 
 
 38 7 ob 
 24 15 8 
 
 
 Wokey-holc Mag. 
 
 W1L 
 
 

 
 SOMERSETSHIRE. 
 
 911 
 
 Places. 
 
 Hundreds. 
 
 Deaneries. 
 
 Valuation. 
 
 
 
 
 Kings Books. 
 
 Real. 
 
 Wokcy-hole Par. 
 Wolcot 
 
 Weils 
 Bathform 
 
 R.Bath 
 
 6 19 8 
 
 
 Wolfrington 
 
 Fro me 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 7 i 3 
 
 42 15 2 
 
 Wollavington 
 
 Witlcigh 
 
 V. Powlet 
 
 ii 711 
 
 
 Wolley 
 
 Bathform 
 
 
 
 
 Wolmarfton 
 
 N. Pethcrton 
 
 
 
 
 Wolmifton 
 
 Crewkern 
 
 
 
 
 Wolvcrton 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 
 
 Woodford 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Woodland 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Woodland Eaft 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 
 
 Woodland Weft 
 
 Frome 
 
 
 
 
 Woodlpring 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 
 
 
 Worle 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 V. Axbridge 
 
 la 15 o 
 
 45 rf 9l 
 
 
 
 Prebend 
 
 700 
 
 
 Worminfter 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Wotton 
 
 Whitleigh 
 
 
 
 
 Wotton Courtney 
 
 Carhampton 
 
 R. Dunfter 
 
 16 8 9 
 
 
 Wotton North 
 
 Glafton 
 
 
 
 
 Wotton South 
 
 Whitfton 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 49 ii 8 
 
 
 Wraxall cum Ca-7 
 pclla 5 
 
 Portbury 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 39 9 $ob 
 
 
 Wrentagc 
 
 N. Curry 
 
 
 
 
 Wriggleton alias "1 
 Wridlington j 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 R. Frome 
 
 5 7 . 8o& 
 
 4z 10 $ 
 
 Wrinton 
 
 Brent 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 39 9 i ob 
 
 
 Wytham 
 
 Kilmerfdon 
 
 
 
 
 Yarcomb 
 
 Taunton 
 
 
 
 
 Yardley 
 
 Wells 
 
 
 
 
 Yarlington 
 
 Bruton 
 
 R. Carey 
 
 16 i 3 
 
 
 Yatton cum Cap. ? 
 
 Winterftoke 
 
 R. Bedminfter 
 
 30 o 9 
 
 
 de Ken 5 
 
 
 Prebend. 
 
 41 o o 
 
 
 Yenfton 
 
 Horethorn 
 
 
 
 
 Yeovill 
 
 Scone 
 
 V. Merfton 
 
 1800 
 
 
 Yeovclton 
 
 N. Petherton 
 
 R. Ilchefter . 
 
 26 9 i 

 
 .
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFOR*' A 
 
 Los Angelr
 
 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LIBRARY 
 
 Los Angeles 
 
 This book is DUE on the last date stamped below. 
 
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 JAN 2 1 1999 
 
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