■y ' 
 
 /■

 
 
 
 H»ff 
 
 ^-w 
 
 -Wj 
 
 ^4V> 
 
 ?? 
 
 o 
 
 ^^^^ 
 
 JC-T--" 
 
 r=C 
 
 ^^^^n 
 
 
 
 
 fetSS5iA!^=r '- " 
 
 <ii 
 
 F" "-"■ '- 
 
 ><-* 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 K& 
 
 
 SS^ 
 
 
 '•^ 
 
 
 Q 
 
 
 
 ^ 
 
 g
 
 CHUONICLES 
 
 of 
 
 CHAHTEIl HOUSE 
 
 By A 
 
 Cartlmsian. 
 
 ^sfS^ft 
 
 PuWishediy CTB T, L !. 186 Fleet Street.. 
 
 .^/J/J.'7)oW. J'S-rJ 
 
 JoTjTO ^rowaSc 2.-t^e.dZzorj Jq. ^olbi.
 
 €ijxonitlt^ of €ijaxttx^^ouu. 
 
 BY 
 
 a arartfjtisian. 
 
 LONDON: 
 GEORGE BELL, 186, FLEET STREET. 
 
 M.DCCO.XLVII. 
 
 , > , ' J , ,' J > 3 J ) ' 
 
 J > J > 
 
 ' 2\' >' >', > 
 
 ,',,1^33 3 '
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Printed by S. & J. Bentley, Wilson, Si. Fley, 
 
 Bangor House, Shoe Lane. 
 
 t C < C C 
 
 t c t r. c 1 
 
 c c < t 
 
 C t 
 
 C t t 
 
 C C ( It 
 
 t €. 
 
 t ( » 
 
 . c t c c « 
 
 t ( -. * , ' c <^ *^ < «
 
 TO THE 
 
 HOSPITAL, COLLEGE, AND SCHOOL 
 
 OP 
 
 €l&arter-fSou0C, 
 
 AND TO THOSE WHO HAVE SHARED HER BENEFITS, 
 
 THIS ATTEMPT 
 
 TO ELUCIDATE HER ANCIENT ORIGIN 
 
 IS DEDICATED, 
 
 BY THEIR LATE FELLOW-STUDENT, 
 
 THE AUTHOR.
 
 
 >- 
 <: 
 
 QC 
 
 oa 
 
 ax 
 
 \0 '■-/ i 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 Aloof from the mercantile and fashionable world, on 
 the " thirteen acres and one rod of land " which Sir 
 Walter de Manny devoted to the pious purpose of inter- 
 ring the bodies of the dead, stands the Hospital of King 
 James, the bountiful work of one individual, the ever- 
 memorable Thomas Sutton. 
 
 For a time has this spot, endeared to the recollection 
 of so many, been without a Chronicler, to point out its 
 eventful history to those who are now sharing the benefits 
 of its protection, or to awaken in the breasts of those who 
 have gone forth from its walls, the kindly feelings with 
 
 ^ which all are apt to contemplate the place where their 
 
 2 early years have been spent. 
 
 g It is true, that able and worthy Antiquaries, in times 
 when archaeological pursuits were but rarely followed, in- 
 
 C5 qv.ired into its institution : on their anterior Histories, 
 more especially those of Bearcroft and Heme, this attempt 
 is principally grounded. The Author has, however, la- 
 boured diligently to collect whatever could contribute to 
 illustrate the subject, and has been enabled to glean 
 much additional information ; still there lies open a wide 
 field of inquiry, which, for his own satisfaction, if not for 
 that of the public, he hopes ere long to explore.. 
 
 Other authorities to which the Author is indebted, are 
 — Dugdale's " Monasticon " and " History of St. Paul's," 
 
 4^4103
 
 VI PREFACE. 
 
 Stow's *' Survey of London," Pennant's " London," 
 Camden's " Britannia," Weever's " Funeral Monuments," 
 Smythe's " Historical Account of Charter-House," " Passio 
 Octodecimo Cartusianorum," Newcourt's " Repertorium," 
 Baker's " Biographica Dramatica," Roper's " Life of Sir 
 Thomas More," Strype's " Annals," " Diurnale Cartusi- 
 ense," Correspondence in the Library of Trinity College, 
 Cambridge. 
 
 The author has to return his sincere acknowledgments 
 to the Master and Officers of Charter-House, for facilitat- 
 ing his researches there ; to the Reverend William Whe- 
 well. Master of Trinity College, Cambridge, for the assist- 
 ance he obligingly afforded him in the inspection of the 
 manuscripts in the Library of Trinity College ; and to 
 Sir Francis Palgrave, K.H., for the courtesy with which 
 he kindly aided his inquiries. 
 
 His thanks are also due to Sir Charles George Young, 
 Garter, and to William Courthope, Esq., Rouge-Croix 
 Pursuivant, for correcting him in his heraldic difficulties. 
 
 For much co-operation and assistance he is indebted to 
 the Rev. Edward Johnstone, M.A.; to the Rev. Francis 
 Atwood, M.A. ; Rev. George Pearson, M.A. ; Henry 
 Stodliart, Esq., F.S.A. ; Thomas Edlyne Tomlins, Esq. ; 
 and to E. B. Price, Esq., for allowing liis sketch of the 
 coffin of Sutton to be copied for insertion in this work. 
 
 The Author would fain hope to disarm the minute 
 criticism of the experienced historian, when he states that 
 he has himself but recently left the walls whose history he 
 
 thus imperfectly attempts to illustrate. 
 
 W. J. D. R. 
 
 January 1847.
 
 CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 Charter-House as a Monastery. i 
 
 The plague of 1348.^ — Cross at New Church Hawe. — Founda- 
 tion of the Monastery. — History of the Order. — Miracle at Paris. — 
 Charter Houses in England. — Benefactions to the Order. — Hospital 
 of St. John of Jerusalem. — Visitation of the Monasteries. — Father 
 Fewterer's Letter. — Execution of Prior Houghton. — Sir Thomas 
 More. — Letter from Fylott to Cromwell. — Act for the Dissolution 
 of the lesser Monasteries. — The Pilgrimage of Grace. — Chauncey 
 and Fox. — Letter to Father Copynger. — Surrender of the Monas- 
 tery. — Letter of Commissioner Bedyll. — Revelation to John Darley. 
 — The Order departs from England. — Carthusian Authors. — Priors 
 of Charter-House. — Monuments in the Chapel of the Convent. 
 
 CHAPTER IL 
 
 Howard House and the Hospital. 
 
 The Site of the Monastery granted to Brydges and Hale, and to 
 Sir Thomas Audlcy, and to Sir Edward North. — Anecdote of Henry 
 VIIL — Visit of Elizabeth to Charter-House.— Death of Lord North. 
 — The House of Howard. — Mr. Sutton. — His Education, Life, and 
 Purchase of the Charter-House. — Letter from Mr. Hall. — Letters- 
 Patent. — Sutton's Will and Codicil. — His Death and Funeral. — 
 Lawsuit. — Letter of Sir Francis Bacon. — Formation of the Hospi- 
 tal. — Election of Officers. — Sir Edward Coke's Resistance of the 
 Royal Aggression. . . . . . .45
 
 viii CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 Charter-House as it now exists. page 
 
 The Governors. — Master. — Preacher. — Physician. — Registrar. — 
 Receiver. — Manciple. — The School. — Schoolmaster. — Usher. — 
 Assistant Masters. — Gold Medallists. — Orators. — Charter-House 
 Square. — Gateway. — Entrance Court, — Master's Lodge. — Master's 
 Court. — Chapel Court. — Chapel Cloister. — Ante-Chapel. — Chapel. 
 — Brooke Hall. — Great Staircase. — Terrace. — Library. — Governor's 
 Room.— Great Hall. — Upper Hall.— The Great Kitchen. — Ab- 
 bot's Court. — Preacher's Court. — Pensioners' Court. — Gown Boys'. 
 — Cloisters. — Old School-Room. — Under Green. — Master's Garden. 
 — Burial-Ground. — The School. — Upper Green, — Statistics of the 
 School. — Conclusion. ...... 106 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 I. The Royal Licence, 183.— II. The Bull of Pope Urban VI., 184. 
 — III. A Poem on the Miracle reported to have been the Cause of 
 St. Bruno's Conversion, 187. — IV. A Poem in praise of the Carthusian 
 Order, 189. — V. Ditto, 194. — VI. Note on the Monastic Seal, 195. — 
 VII. An Act of Parliament granted to Thomas Sutton, Esquire, to 
 erect an Hospital at Hallingbury, in Essex, 196. — VIII. The Exemplifi- 
 cation under the Great Seal of England, &c., 203. — IX. Extract from 
 the " Sadler Correspondence," Trinity College, Cambridge, 215. — X. 
 Note on Valentine Greatrakes, 215. — XI. The School List, 216. — 
 XII. Note on the White Conduit, 218.
 
 SUBSCRIBERS 
 
 TO THE 
 
 t* 
 
 OltvonicJcs of Olfjaitfr'ili^ousf." 
 
 Alexander, Mrs., Brighton. 2 co]n€s. 
 
 Allan, Joseph W., Esq., Frederick's Place, Old Jewry. 
 
 Allen, G. T., Esq., Dulwich College. 
 
 Allen, Theodosius, Esq., Wenlock. 
 
 Anson, Rev. G. H. G., Birch Rusholme, Manchester. 
 
 ERRATA. 
 
 Page 5, line 8, /or " Landvinus" read " Landoinus." 
 „ 1 28, line 1 8, for " Robinson" reud " Robertson." 
 
 Bowen, Edward, Esq., University College, Oxford. 
 
 Boyle, George David, Esq., Charter-House. 
 
 Bramley, Henry, Esq., Camp Field House, Leeds. 
 
 Brasseur, Professor, Kinir's College. 
 
 Briscoe, William, Esq., Jesus College, Oxford. 
 
 Brown, Edward, Esq., Broseley, Salop. 
 
 Brown, John, Esq., Red Lion Square. 
 
 Brown, Christopher, Esq. Ditto. 
 
 Burford, Rev. W, J., Chigwell, Essex. 
 
 Carrington, Very Rev. Dean, Bocking, Essex. 
 Can-oil, The Right Hon. Sir George, Lord Mayor. 
 Chapman, Rev. W. H., Balsham, Cambridgeshire. 2 copies. 
 Chester, Harry, Esq., Privy Council Office, Downing Street. 
 Chinner, William, Esq., The Woodhouse, Dudley. 
 Clements, H. T., Esq., Hill Street, Berkeley Square. 
 Clifford, Capt. Sir Augustus, Bart., Westhill House, Ryde. 
 Coates, The Rev. S., Sowerby, Thirsk, Yorkshire. 
 Cobbold, E. A., Esq., Trinity College, Cambridge. 
 Colvin, Alexander J., Esq., Gloucester Place. 
 Cornthwaite, The Rev. Tullie, The Forest, Walthamstow. 
 Courthope, William, Esq., Rouge Croix, College of Anns. 
 Croome, James, Esq., Middleton Cheney, Banbury, Oxford. 
 Carrey, The Rev. George, St. John's College, Cambridge. 
 Currie, William, Esq., Cobham, Surrey.
 
 viii CONTENTS. 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 Charter-House as it now exists. i 
 
 The Governors, — Master. — Preacher. — Physician. — Registrar. — 
 Receiver. — Manciple. — The School. — Schoolmaster. — Usher. — 
 Assistant Masters. — Gold Medallists. — Orators. — Charter-House 
 Square. — Gateway. — Entrance Court. — Master's Lodge. — Master's 
 Court. — Chapel Court. — Chapel Cloister. — Ante-Chapel. — Chapel. 
 — Brooke Hall, — Great Staircase. — Terrace. — Library. — Governor's 
 Room. — Great Hall. — Upper Hall, — The Great Kitchen. — Ab- 
 
 St. Bruno's Conversion, 187. — IV. A Poem in praise of the Carthusian 
 Order, 189, — V, Ditto, 194. —VI, Note on the Monastic Seal, 195. — 
 VII. An Act of Parliament granted to Thomas Sutton, Esquire, to 
 erect an Hospital at Hallingbury, in Essex, 196. — VIII. The Exemplifi- 
 cation under the Great Seal of England, &c., 203. — -IX. Extract from 
 the " Sadler Correspondence," Trinity College, Cambridge, 215. — X. 
 Note on Valentine Greatrakes, 215. — XI, The School List, 216, — 
 XII. Note on the White Conduit, 218.
 
 SUBSCRIBERS 
 
 TO THE 
 
 •* OlijiciniclfS of (Cljartfi-it^ousc." 
 
 Alexander, Mrs., Brighton. 2 copies. 
 
 Allan, Joseph W., Esq., Frederick's Place, Old Jewry. 
 
 Allen, G. T., Esq., Dulwich College. 
 
 Allen, Theodosius, Esq., Wenlock. 
 
 Anson, Rev. G. H, G., Birch Rusholme, Manchester, 
 
 Archer, J. Wykeham, Esq., Clarendon Street. 
 
 Ashhurst, Rev. Dr., All Souls' College, Oxford. 
 
 Atwood, Thomas H. V., Esq., Beevor Lodge, Hammersmith. 
 
 Babington, B. G., Esq., M.D., George Street, Hanover Square, Physician to 
 
 Charter-House. 
 Barlow, Frederick, Esq., Montagu Square. 
 Barrow, John, Esq., F.R.S., Admiralty. 
 Bateman, Thomas, Esq., Endsleigh Street, Tavistock Square. 
 Baugh, Rev. Folliott, Preacher of Charter-House. 
 Berkeley, Rev. G. C, Southminster, Maldon, Essex. 
 Bidmead, Rev. Uriah, Hanwood, Shrewsbury. 
 Bonnej% Ven. Archdeacon, H.K., Lincoln. 
 Botfield, Beriah, Esq,, M.P., Norton Hall, Northampton. 
 Bowen, Edward, Esq., University College, Oxford. 
 Boyle, George David, Esq., Charter-House. 
 Bramley, Henry, Esq., Camp Field House, Leeds. 
 Brasseur, Professor, Kind's College. 
 Briscoe, William, Esq., Jesus College, Oxford. 
 Brown, Edward, Esq., Broseley, Salop. 
 Brown, John, Esq., Red Lion Square. 
 Brown, Christopher, Esq. Ditto. 
 Burford, Rev. W. J., Chigwell, Essex. 
 
 Camngton, Very Rev. Dean, Bocking, Essex. 
 Carroll, The Right Hon. Sir George, Lord Mayor. 
 Chapman, Rev. W. H., Balsham, Cambridgeshire. 2 copies, 
 Chester, Harry, Esq., Privy Council Office, Downing Street, 
 Chinner, William, Esq., The Woodhouse, Dudley. 
 Clements, H. T., Esq., Hill Street, Berkeley Square. 
 Clifford, Capt. Sir Augustus, Bart., Westhill House, Ryde. 
 Coates, The Rev. S., Sowerby, Thirsk, Yorkshire. 
 Cobbold, E. A., Esq., Trinity College, Cambridge. 
 Colvin, Alexander J., Esq., Gloucester Place. 
 Comthwaite, The Rev. Tullie, The Forest, Walthamstow. 
 Courthopc, William, Esq., Rouge Croix, College of Anns. 
 Croome, James, Esq., Middleton Cheney, Banbury, Oxford. 
 Currey, The Rev. George, St. John's College, Cambridge. 
 Currie, William, Esq., Cobham, Surrey.
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Devon, The Right Hon. the Earl of. 
 
 Darby, Miss, Grand Parade, Brighton. 
 
 Deverell, John, Esq., Purbrook Parli, Portsmoutli. 
 
 Dicken, The Rev. C. R., Reader and Librarian of Charter-House. 
 
 Dunsmane, John, Esq., Gloucester Place. 
 
 Dyne, The Rev. J. B., Head Master of Sir Roger Cholmeley's School, Highgate. 
 
 Ely, the Marquis of. 
 
 Ely, The Marchioness of. 
 
 Ellenboroiigh, the Right Hon. the Earl of. • 
 
 Elder, the Rev. Edward, Head Master of tlie Grammar- School, Durham. 
 
 Elliott, Mrs., Twickenham. 
 
 Elwyn, Richard, Esq., Trinity College, Cambridge. 
 
 Evans, Herbert N., Esq., Hampstead. 
 
 Floyd, Col. Sir Henry, Bart. 
 Fonnan, Robert B., Esq., Hampstead. 
 
 Gardner, William, Esq., Sussex Gardens, Hyde Park. 
 
 Gatty, Charles, Esq., Assistant Registrar of Charter-House. 
 
 Gatty, Robert Henrj', Esq. 
 
 Gibbon, E. H. Howard, Esq., York Herald, College of Arms. 
 
 Gibbs, Mrs., Bedford Square. 
 
 Gibbs, Anthony, Esq., Ditto. 
 
 Glasse, W, Bulkeley, Esq., New Square, Lincoln's Inn. 
 
 Grate, Henry, Esq., Stockwell. 
 
 Griffith, W.'P., Esq., F.S.A., St. John's Square. 
 
 Griffith, C. H., Esq. Ditto. 
 
 Haines, Herbert, Esq., Hampstead. 
 
 Hale, G. H., Esq., Charter-House. 
 
 Hamilton, C. A., Esq., Colonial Office, Downing Street. 
 
 Hannaford, Mr., Totness. 
 
 Henderson, Major H. B. 
 
 Herring, Rev. Nathaniel. 
 
 Herring, Thomas, Esq., Belsize, Hampstead. 
 
 Holland, Rev. William, Cold Norton, near Maldon. 
 
 Hope-Vere, Lady, Park Lane. 
 
 Horner, Edward, Esq., Dulwich. 
 
 Horner, James Thomas, Esq., Heme Hill. 
 
 Horsley, WiUiam, Esq., Mus. Bac, Kensington, Organist to Chai'ter-House. 
 
 Houghton, James, Esq., Charter-House Square. 
 
 Ivory, Thomas, Esq-, Chancery Lane. 
 
 Johnston, J. A., Esq., Eastbridge, Crondale, Hants. 2 copies. 
 
 Johnston, Major G. J. B., Oxford Terrace, Hyde Park. 
 
 Johnston, Captain T. H., South Grove, Hampstead. 
 
 .Johnston, J. Lindsay, Esq., Crondale, Hants. 
 
 Johnstone, Rev. Edward, Hampton-on-Thames. 
 
 Johnstone, Patrick, Esq., Hastings. 
 
 Jones, Hastings Fowler, Esq , 1st (Royal) Regiment. 
 
 Keightley, Archibald, Esq., Registrar and Receiver of Charter-House. 
 Kynaston, John, Esq., Blackheath.
 
 LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. XI 
 
 Lyndhurst, The Right Hon. Lord. 
 Leech, John, Esq., Brook Green, Hammersmith. 
 Legge, Rev. Henry, East Lavant, Chichester. 
 Lister, Thomas, Esq., Brosely, Salop. 2 copies.- 
 Lloyd, Eusebius Arthur, Esq., Bedford Row. 
 Lumb, Rev. W. Eedson, Halford, Ludlow. 
 
 Mallet, J. L., Esq., Hampstead. 
 
 Mallet, Charles, Esq. Ditto. 
 
 Maule, The Right Hon. Fox, M.P., Dunkeld. 2 copies. 
 
 Meek, George, Esq., Russell Square. 
 
 Miles, John, Esq., Resident Medical Officer of Charter-House. 
 
 Mogg, W. Rees, Esq., Chohvell House, Temple Cloud, Bristol. 
 
 Mogg, J. Rees, Esq., High Littleton House, Fanington Gurney, Bristol. 
 
 Moore, Ambrose, Esq., Endsleigh Street, Tavistock Square. 
 
 Murray, John, Esq., Albemarle Street. 
 
 Nevinson, Thomas, Esq., Hampstead. 
 Nicholson, W. Norris, Esq., Chancery Lane. 
 
 Peel, The Right Hon. Sir Robert, Bart., M.P. 
 
 Parke, Samuel, Esq., Leatherhead, Surrey. 
 
 Pearson, Rev. George, Castle Camps, Linton, Cambridgeshire. 
 
 Perceval, Charles John, Esq., East Horsley, Ripley, Surrey. 
 
 Percival, Rev. T. C, Horseheath, Cambridgeshire. 
 
 Percival, Richard, Esq., Highbury Park. 
 
 Phillips, Henry, Esq., Mottingham, Kent. 
 
 Phillott, Rev. H. W., Assistant blaster of Charter-House. 
 
 Pigeon, Richard Hotham, Esq., Christ's Hospital. 
 
 Pocock, Mr., Bath. 2 copies. 
 
 Porteus, Rev. Beilby, Edenhall, Penrith. 
 
 Powell, Nathaniel, Esq., Walthamstow. 
 
 Poynder, T. H. A., Esq., Harley Street. 
 
 Prance, Robert, Esq., Hampstead. 
 
 Pumell, John James, Esq., Charter-House Square. 
 
 Ramsden, Rev. William, Buslingthorpe, Lincolnshire. 
 
 Ranken, Charles, Esq., Dulwich. 
 
 Ranken, Mrs. Ditto. 
 
 Ranken, Miss Ditto. 
 
 Reid, Rawson, Esq., Suffolk Lane. 
 
 Rendall, John, Esq., Bell Yard, Lincoln's Inn. 
 
 Richter, Rev. H. W., Lincoln. 
 
 Ridsdale, George T., Esq., Tillington, Petworth. 
 
 Roberts, T., Esq., Oriental Club. 
 
 Robertson, William, Esq., Blandford Place, Regent's Park. 
 
 Roupell, J. Steuart, Esq., New Square, Lincoln's Inn. 
 
 Ryder, S. C. D., Devereux Chambers, Temple. 
 
 St. David's, The Lord Bishop of. 
 
 Sargeaunt, J. B., Esq., Lincoln's Inn Fields. 
 
 Saunders, Rev. Dr., F.R.S., Head Master of Charter-House. 
 
 Saunders, AV'illiam S., Esq., Waterford. 
 
 Saunders, Harry Cecil, Esq., Charter-House,
 
 Xll LIST OF SUBSCRIBERS. 
 
 Seymour, Rev. Richard, Kinwarton, Alcester. 
 
 Shadwell, Louis Henrie, Esq., St. John's College, Cambridge. 2 copies. 
 Sidney, Marlow, Esq., Gloucester Place, Brighton. 
 Sidney, H. M., Esq. Ditto. 
 
 Skey, Frederick Charles, Esq., Grosvenor Square, Consulting Surgeon of Charter- 
 House. 
 Smith, T. Macdougall, Esq., Chapel Place, Duke Street, Westminster. 
 Spencer, Rev. Woolley, Stamford. 
 Spencer, Rev. Leigh, Tring. 
 
 Spencer, Richard, Esq., Verulam Buildings, Gray's Lin. 
 Stevenson, Walter, Esq., Chapel Place, Westminster, 
 Story, Anthony, Esq., St. Alban's. 
 Story, Frederick, Esq. Ditto. 
 
 Sutherland, Alexander Robert, Esq., M.D., F.R.S., Silver Hill, Torquay, Devon. 
 Sutherland, Dr. A. J., Parliament Street. 
 Sutherland, George Mowbray, Esq. Ditto. 
 
 Tindal, The (late) Right Hon. Sir Nicolas C. 
 
 Tate, Rev. James, Master of the Grammar School, Richmond, Yorkshire. 
 
 Taylor, Thomas, Esq., Welling, Kent. 
 
 Thompson, William, Esq., M.P., Whitehall Place. 
 
 Tucker, Richard, Esq., Manciple of Charter-House. 
 
 Turner, James F., Esq., Harley Street. 
 
 Tvvopeny, WiUiam, Esq., F.R.S., Temple. 
 
 Valentine, R. J. S. Esq., St. John's College, Cambridge. 
 
 Walford, Rev. Oliver, Usher of Charter-House. 
 
 Ward; Frank Cavendish, Esq., Coleshill Street, Eaton Square. 
 
 Warden, Francis, Esq., East India House. 
 
 Watts, William, Esq., Charter-House. 
 
 Webster, Alexander, Esq., Hampstead. 
 
 Webster, Thomas, Esq., Pump Court, Temple. 
 
 Wells, Miss. 
 
 Whateley, Arthur Pepys, Esq., Charter-House. 
 
 White, Alfred, Esq., Cloudesley Square. 
 
 White, John, Esq., Montagu Square. 
 
 Whitfield, John, Esq., Red Lion Square. 
 
 Williams, S. F., Esq., St. John's College, Cambridge. 
 
 Wilson, J. Henry, Esq., Tulse Hill. 
 
 Woodd, Basil George, Esq., Hillfield, Hampstead. 
 
 Woodd, Basil Thomas, Esq., Aldboro' Lodge, Yorkshire. 
 
 Woodd, Robert B., Esq., Hillfield, Hampstead. 
 
 Woodd, Charles H. L., Esq. Ditto. 
 
 Woodforde, Charles, Esq., Taunton, Somersetshire. 
 
 Woodhead, Henry, Esq., Montagu Square. 
 
 Woodthorpe, Frederick, Esq., Ciuildhall. 
 
 Wrangham, Digby S., Esq., Putney. 
 
 Young, Rev. E. Newton, Quainton, Aylesbury. 
 Yomig, Francis, Esq., Essex Street.
 
 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Entrance Gate from the S<iUARE To face Title. 
 
 The Monastic Seal Title-page. 
 
 A Carthusian Monk 44 
 
 The Entrance Court 138 
 
 Chapel from the Baptistery 143 
 
 Inscription on the Bell 158 
 
 Coffin op Sutton ib. 
 
 The Great Staircase 160 
 
 The Governor's Room 161 
 
 Tapestry in the Governor's Room 162 
 
 The Great Hall 164 
 
 "IH"oN THE Wall 167 
 
 The Preacher's Court ^. 169 
 
 Ancient Gateway in the Cloisters 171 
 
 Coats of Arms in the Old School-Room 172 
 
 Effigy of Sutton 181 
 
 Autograph of Thomas Sutton 214 
 
 The Old White Conduit 218
 
 CHRONICLES OE CHAUTEll-HOUSE. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 
 
 " Thou, Walter Manny, Cambray's lord, 
 The bravest man that blind age could afford, 
 Didst take compassion on the wandering ghosts 
 
 Of thy departed friends ; 
 Didst consecrate to th' Lord of Hosts 
 Thy substance for religious ends." 
 
 Old Ballad. 
 
 " Mute is the matin-bell, whose early call 
 
 Warned the grey fathers from their liumble beds ; 
 No midnight taper gleams along the wall, 
 Or round the sculptured saint its radiance sheds ! " 
 
 Keate. 
 
 The Clironicles of Charter-House abound with curious 
 matter. The era of the Reformation is unquestionably 
 the most interesting and important in our history, whether 
 considered with reference to rehgion or to our civil polity ; 
 and the Chronicles of the Carthusian Order tlu'ow a clear 
 and vivid light on many passages in that eventful period. 
 To all who have shared the benefits of the Carthusian 
 foundation as it now exists, the history of the Order cannot 
 
 ^- B
 
 2 CHRONICLES OF CIIARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 but afFord a pleasure corresponding to the interest they 
 continue still to take in the admirable seminary where they 
 first learned to approach the " sacred fountains and quaff 
 classic draughts." 
 
 It is with feelings such as these that we have taken in 
 hand the task of collecting these few memorials of an estab- 
 lishment alike celebrated as a monastick institution and a 
 publick school. It is hoped, therefore, that even the general 
 student will find, in these characteristick records, sufficient 
 to reward the labour of an attentive perusal. 
 
 In the year of our Lord, 1348, a dreadful pestilence 
 raged throughovit the greater part of England ; the malig- 
 nant contagion regarded neither age nor sex ; the country 
 abounded with lazaretti and infirmaries for those infected 
 with the loathsome malady ; the metropolis did not escape. 
 Most rapidly did the calamity disseminate its ravages ; hun- 
 dreds and thousands were swept by its virulence into one 
 common grave. So fatal was this appalling visitation to 
 the citizens of London, that scarcely were survivors left to 
 bury the dead, and many thousands were interred in the 
 open fields. 
 
 Ralph Stratford, Bishop of London, shocked at the se- 
 pulture of so many without the sacred pale, purchased and 
 consecrated a piece of ground, three acres in extent, called 
 No Man's Land, situate without the walls of London, 
 having the lands of the Abbey of St. Peter at Westmins- 
 ter on one side, and those of St. John of Jerusalem on the 
 other. He there erected a sniall chapel where masses were
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 3 
 
 said for the repose of the souls of the dead. This was 
 afterwards designated Pardon Churchyard and ChapeL 
 
 The phigue raging with redoubled fvuy, and exercising 
 with merciless severity its baneful powers, Sir Walter de 
 Manny, whose courage and bravery in many an engagement 
 stand recorded on the page of history, was incited to pur- 
 chase of the brethren of St. Bartholomew's Spital a piece 
 ■of ground contiguous to Pardon Churchyard, called the 
 Spital Croft, which was consecrated by Bishop Stratford to 
 the same use. These, being afterwards united, were named 
 New Church Hawe. Stowe, in his Survey of London, 
 mentions a stone cross at this cemetery, with the following 
 inscription : 
 
 "an. DOM. M.CCC.XL.IX. 
 
 " Regnante magna Pestilentia consecratum fuit hoc Coe- 
 meterium, in quo et infra septa praesentis Monasterii se- 
 pulta fuerunt mortuorum corpora plusquam quinquaginta 
 millia ; prjeter alia multa ab hinc usque ad prassens ; quo- 
 rum animabus propitietur Deus. Amen." 
 
 In the year 1361 Michael de Northburgh, Bishop Strat- 
 ford's successor in the See of London, died, bequeathing the 
 sum of 2,000/. for the founding and building of a Monas- 
 tery of the Carthusian Order at Pardon Churchyard, which 
 he endowed with all his leases, rents, and tenements in per- 
 petuity. He also bequeathed a vessel of silver, enameled, 
 for the host, one for the holy water, and a silver bell, toge- 
 ther with all his divinity books. Sir Walter de Manny, 
 
 B 2
 
 4 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 imitating the example of his diocesan, obtained the royal 
 licence to found a Convent of Carthusian Monks,* to be 
 called " The House of the Salutation of the Mother of God," 
 which was finished in the year 1370. This he endowed 
 with the tliirteen acres and one rod of land which Bishop 
 Stratford had previously consecrated as a place of burial ; 
 and, with the consent of the General of the Order, nomi- 
 nated John Lustote first Prior. Sir Walter's charter of 
 foundation is ^^'itnessed by John Hastings, Earl of Pem- 
 broke ; Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford ; Edward 
 Mortimer, Earl of March ; and William de Montacute, 
 Earl of Sarum ; also by John de Barnes, Lord Mayor ; and 
 William de Walworth, and Robert de Gayton, Sheriffs of 
 London. 
 
 The Order of Carthusians, to which this Monastery be- 
 longed, was founded by Bruno, a priest in the Church of 
 St. Cunibert at Cologne, and Canon of Rheims, in Cham- 
 pagne. Incensed and grieved at the evil practices prevalent 
 in his own city, which it was not in his power to amend, he 
 withdi'ew from the chui'ch with a few followers, desiring 
 seclusion from the world, and a life of retirement. It is re- 
 lated by some of the monkish clnoniclers that his determi- 
 nation arose from a strange miracle said to have been 
 WTOught in his presence. " One of his dear friends, named 
 Diocre, a man, as far as mortal eye could discern, of a most 
 unblemished life, died, and St. Bruno attended his funeral 
 solemnities ; on a sudden, as they were celebrating the ser- 
 
 * See Appendix I.
 
 CHARTER-nOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 5 
 
 vice of the dead, the corpse began to move and raise itself 
 upon the bier, and was heard, at several distances of time, 
 to utter these words : ' I am arraigned at the bar of God's 
 justice, — My sentence is just now passed, — I am condemn- 
 ed by the just judgment of Christ!'"* Bruno is said to 
 have immediately quitted Paris, where this extraordinary 
 circumstance occurred ; taking with him six of the specta- 
 tors, by name Landvinus, two Stephens, Hugo (their chap- 
 lain), and two laymen, Andrew and Garinus, who became 
 his companions in the wilderness. St. Bruno, having 
 arrived at Grenoble with his disciples, communicated his 
 design to the Bishop of the diocese, who freely allowed and 
 assisted them to build a church and small dwelling houses, 
 on a hill in the midst of a vast and almost impenetrable de- 
 sert, called Chartreuse, which, notwithstanding its dismal 
 situation, was chosen by them for their retreat. The hill is 
 now called B. Maria de Casalibus. Our Saint seems to 
 have shortened his existence by mortifications and penance, 
 for he departed this life in the year 1101, under fifty years 
 of age. He was buried in the chiu'ch of his convent, and, 
 according to his followers, his tomb soon testified the holi- 
 ness of his relicks by emitting, from a spring near it, waters 
 of singular efficacy in the cure of many diseases. All the 
 austerities that the most gloomy imagination could devise 
 were practised by these religious zealots. Not content 
 with the rigorous rule of St. Benedict, the founder im- 
 posed upon the Order precepts so severe as to be almost in- 
 
 * See Appendix II.
 
 6 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-nOUSE. 
 
 tolerable, and a discipline so harsh, that it was long before 
 the female sex could be induced to subject themselves to 
 such repugnant laws. One of their peculiarities was, that 
 they did not live in cells, but each monk had a separate 
 house, in which were two chambers, a closet, refectory, and 
 garden. None went abroad but the Prior and Procm-ator, 
 on the necessary affairs of the house ; they were compelled 
 to fast, at least one day in the week, on bread, water, and 
 salt ; they never ate flesh, at the peril of their lives, nor 
 even fish, unless it was given them ; they slept on a piece 
 of cork, with a single blanket to cover them ; they rose at 
 midnight to sing their matins ; and never spoke to one an- 
 other except on festivals and chapter-days. On holydays 
 they ate together at the common refectory, and were strict- 
 ly charged to keep their eyes on the meat, their hands 
 upon the table, their attention on the reader, and their 
 hearts fixed upon God. Their laws professed to limit the 
 quantity of land they should possess, in order to prevent 
 the luxury and wealth so prevalent among the other Orders. 
 Their clothing consisted of two hair-cloths, two cowls, two 
 pair of hose, and a cloak, all of the coarsest manufacture, 
 contrived so as almost to disfigure their persons. Their 
 rigorous laws seem to have prevented the increase of their 
 Order, for in tlie height of their prosperity they could 
 not boast of more tlian 172 houses, of which five only 
 were of nuns.* 
 
 The Order was first introduced into this country by 
 * See Appendix III.
 
 CIIARTER-nOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 7 
 
 King Henry II. who, in the year 1180, founded a monas- 
 tery of this Order at Withani, in Somersetshire, of which 
 Hugh, afterwards Bishop of Lincoln, was the first Prior. 
 The name of this patron saint of Carthusians appears in the 
 calendar for November the 17th. Miracles innumerable are 
 reported to have been wrought at his tomb. And his vir- 
 tues were not confined to this country ; for his statue being 
 placed near the walls of Paris, it almost ruined all the phy- 
 sicians there, by curing the sick persons who passed by it. 
 
 The second foundation in this country was at Henton, in 
 Wiltshire, erected at the expense of Ela, Countess of 
 Salisbury, in the year 1240. 
 
 The next was founded by Nicholas Cantilupe, at Bella- 
 Valle, in Nottinghamshire, in the year 1343. 
 
 The one now under consideration was founded in the 
 year 1371, and is the fourth in chronological order. 
 
 The next foundation of this Order was by Michael de la 
 Pole, at Kingston-upon-Hull, anno 1378. 
 
 William, Lord Zouch, of Harringworth, in Northamp- 
 tonshire, founded a monastery of Carthusians about a mile 
 from Coventry, and would have further forwarded its in- 
 terests, had not death prevented the execution of his 
 purpose. The design was, however, speedily completed 
 by the bounty of divers noble individuals. Richard II., 
 on his return from Scotland in 1385, assumed the honour 
 of being its founder by laying the first stone of the church 
 with his own hands. The remains of this once-famous 
 monastery are now all but demolished. All that is left of
 
 8 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 its ancient splendour is one of the monastick walls incorpo- 
 rated with part of the present dwelling-house, built on its 
 site ; and one or two doorways (now blocked up), formerly 
 the entrances to the cells of the pious inhabitants. 
 
 Thomas Earl of Nottingham, and Marshal of England, 
 founded a monastery of Carthusians at Eppeworth, in the 
 Isle of Axholme, Lincolnshire, and dedicated it to the 
 Visitation of the Mother of God. This was finished about 
 the year 1397. 
 
 Thomas de Holland, Duke of Surrey, erected a monas- 
 tery of this Order at Mount Grace, in Yorkshire, a.d. 1389. 
 
 The ninth and last Charter-House erected in this coun- 
 try was founded by Henry V. close to his manor-house at 
 Sheen, near Richmond, Surrey. It was called the House 
 of Jesus of Bethlehem at Sheen. 
 
 Previous to the dissolution of monasteries the Charter- 
 House received many noble gifts and benefactions, amongst 
 which was a grant from the executors of Felicia de 
 Thymelby, to John, Prior of the Charter-House, and the 
 convent there, of two hmidred and sixty marks of sterKng 
 money, in perpetual frank -almoigne, to build a cell, with 
 a competent portion of cloister and garden-ground ; and 
 for the endowment of a monk, there to dwell for ever, to 
 pray and celebrate the divine offices for the souls of 
 Thomas Aubrey, and the aforesaid Felicia his wife, and 
 of all the faithful deceased. This indenture bears date 
 on the Feast-day of St. Agatha the Virgin, 1378, the 
 second year of the reign of King Richard II.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 9 
 
 Sir William cle Beauchamp, Knight, by an indenture, 
 dated the 27th day of Sex^tember, 1391, granted to 
 *' the Prior and Convent of the House of the Salutation 
 of the Mother of God, of the Carthusian Order, near 
 London," three acres of land, with their appurtenances, to 
 hold in free and perpetual frank-alnioigne. This is wit- 
 nessed by John Sandewiche, Richard Sutton, William 
 Bedell, John Philipp, John Lyes, and others. 
 
 On the first day of December, in the fifth year of the 
 reign of King Henry V. (1418), Richard Clyderhowe, of 
 the comity of Kent, Esquire, from reverence to God and 
 the blessed Virgin Mary, and for the health of his own 
 soul and that of his wife, Alicia, who was buried in the 
 church of the Convent, surrendered to the monastery a 
 lease of lands which he held under them in the city of 
 Rochester, in order that these religious might, in their 
 orisons, remember liim, his soul, the soul of his wife, the 
 souls of his relations, children, and all his benefactors, and 
 devoutly recommend them to the mercy of God. 
 
 William Rendre, citizen and barber of the city of Lon- 
 don, by his indenture, dated on Christmas Day 1429, de- 
 vised to the Prior and Convent, for the term of eighty 
 years, at the rent of a red rose, to be paid annually on the 
 Feast of the Nativity of St. John Baptist, one acre of land 
 in Conduit-shote field, near Trillemyle brook, in the parish 
 of St. Andrew, Holborne, lying between the pasture-land 
 of the Prior and Convent of Charter-House on the north 
 and west, the pasture of St. Bartholomew's Priory on the
 
 10 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 south, and the King's highway leading from Holborne 
 towards Kentish Town on the east. 
 
 " Jolm, Bishop of Lincohi, by his deed, dated 10*'' No- 
 vember 1482, for the honour of St. Hugh, one of his pre- 
 decessors in that See, and on account of the zeal with 
 which the holy ordinances were observed by the said Con- 
 vent, released to them an annual pension of forty pieces 
 of gold, issuing out of the chru'ches of Magna-Stockton, 
 Edlesborg, and North-Mymmes, in his diocese, to be ap- 
 propriated to the Convent as long as he should continue 
 Bishop of Lincoln." 
 
 We frequently find the adjoining Priory of St. John of 
 Jerusalem exchanging communications with our Convent. 
 At one time we find them exchanging lands ; at another 
 we see the Prior of Charter-House granting a trental of 
 masses, to the end that " the soul of Brother William 
 Hulles, Prior of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, 
 might the sooner be conveyed, with God's providence, into 
 Abraham's bosom." Another instance of the friendly in- 
 tercourse existing between the two monasteries may be 
 seen in the grant of Sir Thomas Docwra, Prior, in 1514, 
 to Edmund Travers, for services done to that Priory, " as 
 well in parts beyond the see as on this syde the see, the 
 custodye and keepinge of o'' chapell, called The Pardon 
 Chapell, setu' and lying without the barrys of St. John 
 Street, towards Iseldon in the countie of Middlesex, and 
 of all the ornamentes and other thyngs belonging to the 
 said chapel] ; and in lyke wyse shall have the keping of
 
 CIIARTER-nOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 11 
 
 the cliapell yarde of the saide chapell, and all mane of 
 oblations ; and have also yeven unto the said Edmond, 
 frely, w'out any thyng paying, a cotage next adjoyning to 
 the Utter Gate, att the entring into the lane going towarde 
 the said Pardon Chapell, on the north syde of the Utter 
 Gate, w*'^ half of the chamber bielded on the said Utter 
 Gate, and w''' an old kitchen covered with tyle, now being 
 at downfalling, and w"' a little gardyn thereto adjoyning, 
 bownding upon a little close ; and have also granted to the 
 said a gowne clothe of thre yerdes of brode clothe, yerely 
 ayenst Christmas, for a gowne clothe of the yeoman's 
 livery in o"" hous of St. John's, and mete and drynk at the 
 yeoman's table there. Provided alway that the said Ed- 
 mund shall souffer my frary dark of London and Middx. 
 to have a key, as well to the said Utter Gate as of tlie 
 Inner Gate of the said Pardon Chapell, for none other 
 cans but for this caus only, that he and other o"" frary 
 clarks may come to and fro the said chapell-yerde, for to 
 bury in the same chapell-yerde there, as tlier seme place 
 convenient, the bodyes of all dede people, by auctorite of 
 the Pope's pvalege, after the usance and custome of our 
 frary, as often as cause shall require in that behalf, during 
 the lyffe of the said Edmond." 
 
 The Hospital or Priory of St. John of Jerusalem, at 
 Clerkenwell, was founded by one Jordan Briset, of Wel- 
 linghall, in Kent, in the year 1100, exactly 171 years 
 before our Charter-House, which it joined. The original 
 edifice was set fire to and destroyed by Wat Tyler's rebels
 
 12 CHRONICLES OF CnARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 in 1381. The new structure was not entirely completed 
 till the year 150 k The only vestige of the monastick 
 building now remaining is St. John's Gate, which formed 
 the grand southern entrance to the Hospital. This ancient 
 portal was not long ago threatened, if not with demolition, 
 certainly disfigurement ; wliich would undoubtedly have 
 taken place, had it not been for the praiseworthy efforts of 
 a few persons, who formed a committee for its reparation. 
 We are happy to say that their exertions have not been 
 unavailing, and the gate will shortly be restored. 
 
 About the latter part of the fifteenth century we find 
 our Convent the home of a future Lord Chancellor of Eng- 
 land, for we read that Sir Thomas More " gave himself to 
 devotion and prayer in the Charter-House of London, 
 religiously living there without vow about four years."- 
 
 This house had flourished for nearly three centui'ies in 
 uninterrupted prosperity, its members retaining a superior 
 character for their close adherence to the disciphne of their 
 Order, for the severity of their regulations, and their holi- 
 ness of life ; but even that could not preserve their com- 
 munity from being included in the universal dissolution. 
 The arbitrary Henry determined to secure his own safety 
 by utterly destroying his opponents, the monks. Henry's 
 High Secretary was Thomas Lord Cromwell, who had been 
 recently appointed Vicar-General or Vicegerent ; a new 
 office, by which the King's supremacy, or absolute uncon- 
 trollable power assumed over the church, was delegated to 
 him. Coinmissioners were em^jloyed by him to visit all
 
 CIIARTER-nOUSE AS A MONASTERY. IS 
 
 the monasteries in the kingdom," and to draw up an account 
 of the rules, customs, and revenues of each. The prin- 
 cipal of these were Bellasyse, Lee, Petre, Gage, Price, 
 Layton, March, Bedyll, and Mitchell ; the three last of 
 whom were appointed to examine into the affairs of the 
 Charter-House. They visited it on the 4th of May, 
 1534, and John Howghton, Prior, and Humfry Midyl- 
 more. Procurator, refusing to take the oaths, were com- 
 mitted to the Tower ; but, after a month's imprisonment 
 they were set at liberty, and, together with several of their 
 brethren, gave a certificate of conformity, dated the 29th 
 of May, in the same year. Strype tells us that the Con- 
 vent took the oath with this condition " as far as is 
 lawful." 
 
 Now, indeed, was the monastick system roused from the 
 lethargy into which it had fallen. Tlie monks beheld, in 
 silent sorrow, the ominous portents which betokened a 
 fatal blow to the conventual constitution. They were 
 neither discouraged nor dismayed ; but resolved strenu- 
 ously to withstand the royal demands. With this inten- 
 tion, the majority of the brethren of the Charter-House 
 refused to subscribe to the supremacy. They, however, 
 were very familiar with the Confessor to the Brigettine 
 Convent at Sion House, and several communications by 
 letter passed between them and the latter, containing dis- 
 quisitions against and in favour of conformity. Annexed 
 is one of these epistles, written by two monks of Sion, con- 
 taining a summary of arguments, advocating compliance.
 
 14 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Father Fewterer's approbation of what is said is expressed 
 in a postscript. 
 
 " The Copie of a Lre sent by Father 
 Fewterer, Genrall Confessom-e of the 
 Monastery of Syon, and other dyscrete 
 Brether ther, to the Brethre 
 of the Charter-House of London : 
 " The Grace and Peace of Jsus Christe be withe yow. 
 Amen." 
 
 " Good Fathers and devoute Brethren, for yt we gve 
 that ye be in the troublehouse estate we her of, and for the 
 charitie that is in us towards yow, and charitable requeste 
 made unto us for yow, we thus doo interpryse to send tres 
 unto you, praying you of charitie to charitably recey\'e 
 thaim, and applye yrselfs with charitie to charitably foUowe 
 that is charitably ment and pui-posed unto you : Ye have 
 herde (as we do prceyve) that we have ben in such opynyon 
 as ye yete be, and been in trouble, displeas"", and dainger ; 
 therefor, as ye now b : Alacke lerne at sume personnes to 
 resolve yor conscience, and beleve that we and many other 
 of more p'^fecion and vertue than we be, and of more depe 
 lernyng, reason, and discrecon than we or ye be, have withe 
 charitie, true faithe, and p'^fite unitie of Christ's church, 
 resolved o"" consciens frome the opynyon that ye yete rest 
 in, and conformed o'"selfs to unitie and uniforme decree and 
 ordre of this realme in the cause. Juge not you that 
 either fere of bodely paine, penurye, or bodely death dyde
 
 CIIARTER-nOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 15 
 
 cause us to suche resolucon of conscience ; nor that feare of 
 wordely shame or displeas"^ clyd cause it ; nor yete that 
 wordely frendship, fav"', honor, lande, or p^ferment, dyde 
 cause it; for yf ye so juge, trewly the juge of o*" and y"" 
 harts knowith that ye then judge unjustely. But juge that 
 very deutie informed and ordred charitie dyd alone worke 
 suche resolucons in us ; by whiche charitie we were desi- 
 rous to lerne and knowe yf we shulde depose o"" conscience ; 
 and soo by that we see and herde by good and catholyke 
 lernyng we founde that well ynough, and of dutie we 
 aught to depose and resolve our conscience, and thus, upon 
 grounde of good lernyng soo we dyde and see matier to ab- 
 solve all doubts and scruple of conscience ; and so, good 
 Fathers, thus as in geiirall wise we open ourselfs unto you, 
 trusting that ye wille juge us welle in o"" soo doing, and by 
 us, yea by the great multitude of the holy Fathers and 
 good peple that be as beforesaide in all vtue and lernyng 
 moche beyonde us. Thinke yow that suche resolucons 
 and deposicon of consciens with applicacon of y'"selfs to o*" 
 Prince's pleasur and his lawes, ordre, and ordinaunce of the 
 realme, to cnforme y'"selfs to the hole company of lerned 
 and unlerned, and so for Christes love that no suche be 
 amonge yow that wolde be oute of religion, and so by ypo- 
 crysye rest in the opynyons, and sett other in harte soo to 
 reste, that he soo as in glorye goo furth and bring othr wt 
 him to endles misrie. Marke therfor among you yf any 
 wylful p''son be that wil not obeye the powr that God 
 hathe sette to be obeyed, his prince nor his plate, and
 
 16 CHRONICLES OF CnARTER-ITOUSE. 
 
 inrke what he can saye to defende hys opynyons, yf he 
 have lernyng cause hym to shewe it, and yf he wol lerne he 
 may be satisfied by lernyng ; yf he wyll not lerne, beware 
 him, as Paul bydde, and yf he alledge his consciens, then 
 muste he shewe upon what sciens as a sciens is grounded, 
 and therby muste he lerne in what bounde he is by suche 
 consciens, that ys, if his consciens be grounded upon a pcepte 
 of God that he may not depose the conscience ; yf it be 
 gi'ounded upon a counsaill of Scripture, then he is no more 
 bounde to his consciens but as he is to the obsHyng of such 
 counsaill, nor leve nor to folowe suche consciens is no more 
 synne then not to obsve and kepe the counsail of Scripture, 
 and withe those lette liim lerne that obedience to his prince 
 and plate doo bynde hym to doo thaire coinandement yf it 
 be not expssley againste the lawe of God, as Doctors &.nd 
 Canons doo teche. And nowe whate the lawe of God 
 wylle in the cause for both parties for th'auctoritie of the 
 Byshop of Rome upon the same, we have moche labored, 
 and founde by the worde and wylle of God, both in the 
 Old and Newe Testament, great trewthes for o*" Prince, and 
 for the Byshop of Rome nothing at all. Of whiche o"" 
 labors I dyd as for y"" comforte deliver to the Reverend 
 Father of Shene certain and divse papers, w' matier of 
 Scripture counsailles, canons, and doctos to open unto you 
 the clernes in thes matiers in both resj)ects, that is to say, 
 touching both the auctoritie of o"" Prince and of the Byshop 
 of Rome. And nowe, by this bringer, my Brother of his 
 grete zele and charitie unto you and your House, doo
 
 CHARTERHOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 17 
 
 sende unto you a booke of suche matiers, rehersing the 
 doubtes that brought many in scruple, and then absolvyng 
 the same, whiche wol satisfye all thaus that wol have lern- 
 yng ; and what doubte or scrupel elles be amonge ye, yf 
 we have it sent unto us, we wylle diligently in all charitie 
 sende our mynde and lernyng in yt. And for because that 
 nowe ye have sent a question or two, ye shall receyve 
 answere to thaim herin ; and for the first, concernyng o"" 
 Prince to be supme hede of the Churche of Englande next 
 and iinediately undre God, knowe ye for trewthe, yf En- 
 glande be a Churche, or yf any Churche be in Inglande, 
 his Grace is supme as aforesaid of it : Sainte Paule doth 
 byd all the Churche to be obedient to his Grace, quia 
 supior ptus as to the highest power and auctoritie, Sainte 
 Petre doth byd all the Churche to be subvente to his 
 Grace as to the most xcellent psonne amonge thaim. And 
 looke you nowe whether the hole Churche of this realme, 
 and the particulare Churches, and the pticular hede of 
 thaim, yey y"" hede owre Byshop with all the pticular plats, 
 and all other do not soo take hym, soo use and confesse 
 hym. Bee not ye therfor so styffe in the contrarye, and 
 thoughe it seeme to you that his Grace doth in the spual- 
 tie that other Prince dyde not befor, yet the trouthe is 
 that in this doing he doth not breke the Lawe of God, for 
 Doctos doo grant that the Byshop of Rome may dispence 
 and lycence a layman to be judge in a spirall cause, whiche 
 yf he may, then it is not againste the Lawe of God that o-" 
 Prince so doth, as judge, directe spirall causes ; for yff it 
 
 c
 
 18 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 was againste the Lawe of God, the Byshopp myght not 
 dispence in it. This knowen unto yow, I thinke wol ease 
 yo'" consciences moche ; but to fortyfe this, the Scripture 
 of th'okle Testament doth shewe of David, Josyas, Josa- 
 phat, Ezechias, that were of tlie most pfecte Kings, what 
 ordres and ordinaunc's they sette amonge the pste and the 
 Levytes : and Christe in the New Testament dyd nothing 
 unbrydge the auctoritie nor depresse nor mjaiishe the 
 power of Kings, but warned his Aples that they shulde not 
 looke for suche dominion nor auctoritie, ' vos ante non sic,' 
 but to be ministers and servants to all personnes ; and 
 Anthony doth graunt Kings to be ^dcarii Chri, and namely 
 Saul and David, and the Scripture grauntethe SauUe the 
 hede of the people, and Churche of God, and manye things 
 herof I have to show you, whiche w* all my herte I wylle 
 do yf yt nede or require ; but I pray you in tendre 
 bowelles of o"" Lord Jliesus lette it nor nede, but obeye yo"^ 
 Prince, and yo"' plate, stande not in this disobedience to the 
 psevaunce of pillous state of yo"' sowles, be not soo uncha- 
 ritable to all Christ's Church as to make it lose the prayer 
 that may be in yo"^ devoute house unto the world's ende. 
 Depose not ye the laude and prayse that is institute to be 
 geven to God by thaus that shoulde be in yo"" devoute 
 house. Lette not the people lose the good ensample 
 of lyf that is ordeyned to be led in yo"" devoute house ; for 
 the love of God make conscience of this, and in the other 
 feare not to do w'' us after the pleas"^ of o' Prince and lawe 
 of his realme. But now, as touching the words of the
 
 CEARTER-nOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 19 
 
 Counsaill of Basylle, ye take tliaim wrong, for tliay were 
 written but for that one man Felice, and yete were not soo 
 received for hym but of certain people, and not of all 
 people ; and agayn, Adryanus, the Byshop of Rome, last 
 of that name, dothc not allegate that Counsaill, but as sus- 
 pecte to be of auctorite. ' De auctoritate illius plures du- 
 bitant, et coiter ei prudens auctoritate no tribuit.' Soo that 
 the wordes of that Counsaill be not materiall againste us. 
 Looke the xxxv. Chapter of the Canons of the Aples, 
 looke the Counsaill of Nicene vi., of Carthage, looke the 
 99 Dist. of the Decrees, looke Chrysostom, Jerome, Am- 
 brose, Augustyne, Gregorye, and ye shall see that frome 
 the begynnyng was no suche pontificalite geven to the 
 Byshop of Rome, and soo ye shall wel lerne that it growith 
 not of Lawe and Scripture of God, that suche placye be- 
 longeth unto hym, nor yet of no antique counsaill, nor 
 counsaill received as a counsaill. Therfor dye not for the 
 cause, salve yo''selfs and yo"^ house, lyve long and lyve well 
 to the bono"" of God, wxlthe by yo"" prayer, and edyfying 
 by yo"^ lyfe to the people, submitte y'"selfs to y"" noble 
 Prince, gette his gracious favor by yo"" dutie doing to his 
 Grace, and soo bringe youre selfe oute of trouble and rmaine 
 to the quiete of yo''selfs and proufitte of sowles and goddely 
 peace to be in the Realme, for * facile est vinetis in Chro 
 Jhsu diio nro.' Pray for us as we doo, have doen, and 
 wylle doo for yow to o"^ Lord Jesu, who blesse us alle. 
 Amen. " Y*" Bedemen, 
 
 " John Copyng, 
 
 "R. Laciie." 
 
 c 2
 
 20 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-UOUSE. 
 
 " Good Breth'' yf I ware in good helth, I wold write my 
 full mynde unto yow, but now I beseclie you to be con- 
 tented with tlie charitable writings of my lerned and 
 devoute breth"", which ye may suerly folowe withe good 
 conscience. 
 
 " p me Johanne Fewterer, Confessorem genalem." 
 
 Whether induced by the arguments contained in this 
 letter, or whether intimidated by the threats of the com- 
 missioners, we know not ; suffice it to say, the refractory 
 monks on the 6th of June following unanimously sub- 
 scribed to the succession and supremacy. 
 
 The despotick and tyrannical Henry was not to be 
 thwarted in his desires. What he would, that he did most 
 effectually. His chief aim now was to rid himself of his 
 adversaries, the monks. Matters of accusation were 
 speedily found to perplex them. The sKghtest, nay, even 
 the most contradictory evidence, was looked upon as an 
 uncontrovertible fact. Never was an enquiry instituted 
 as to the truth of an impeachment. Calumnies the most 
 false were invented about the monks ; imputations the 
 most slanderous were made against them ; the most scan- 
 dalous stories were related of them. In vain were their 
 asseverations of innocence ; in vain their scruples of con- 
 science. The tender-hearted and compassionate monarch 
 soon shewed his enemies the mercy they were to expect at 
 his hands. 
 
 The consent of the Carthusians had been obtained ; they
 
 CIIARTER-nOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 21 
 
 had submitted to the royal statutes; — what more was 
 needed ? — The King's jealousy was roused ; — he suspect- 
 ed the Prior of disaffection. On the 29th of April, 
 1535, Houghton was arraigned on a charge of speaking too 
 freely of the sovereign's proceedings ; and, with two other 
 Carthusian monks, the vicar of Isleworth, and one Rey- 
 nolds, " a religious, learned, and virtuous father of Sion," 
 indicted on the same count, was condemned to be hanged, 
 drawn, and quartered. He suffered at Tyburn, on the 
 4th of May following, exactly one year after he was first 
 imprisoned for refusing to acknowledge the King head of 
 the visible Church in England. As they were proceeding 
 from the Tower to execution. Sir Thomas More, who was 
 then confined for a similar offence, chanced to espy them 
 from the window of his dungeon ; "he," as one longing in 
 that journey to have accompanied them, said unto his 
 daughter, then standing there beside him, ' Lo, dost thou 
 not see, Megg, that these blessed fathers be now as cheer- 
 fully going to their deaths as bridegrooms to their mar- 
 riage ? " Not long after, he followed their steps on his 
 way to the scaffold. 
 
 The heads of these unfortunate sufferers were exposed 
 on London Bridge to publick gaze, and the mangled body 
 of Houghton was set over the gate of the Charter-House 
 itself. Did the inflictors of this barbarity think to subdue 
 the spirits of the refractory by these means ? Vain de- 
 lusion ! Such savage inhumanity rather served to stimulate 
 their minds to revenge ; or, as that was utterly useless,
 
 22 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 vehement opposition. The very next month, Humfry 
 Midyhnore, Vicar, who had been imprisoned with Hough- 
 ton the year before, William Exmewe, Procui'ator, and 
 Sebastian Newdegate, tlu^ee principal monks of the con- 
 vent, were on a like charge apprehended, condemned, and 
 executed. 
 
 The following letter to the King's High Secretary, from 
 one Fylott, an assistant commissioner, contains much 
 curious information. 
 
 [1535. 
 " My dutye to yo"" goode maistershippe humbly pmyside. 
 
 " Pleaseth hit the same to understande, that with this 
 my rude letter, I have sent to you a paper of suclie propor- 
 tyon of vyttell, and other, as the lay brothers hyre tellyth 
 me of necessite muste be pvyde for them ; which will not 
 be borne w"' the revenue of the howse, for the yearly 
 revenue of the house is DCXLii/. iiii^. and the provision 
 in that |)portion amontythe to dclviii/. \is. lUcL evy 
 qrter, and malte xxd. in evy qrter, and comunely all oth'' 
 vittell rysithe ther*''. 
 
 " I lerne her among thes laye broders, that hertofore 
 when all vittel was at a convenyent price, and also when 
 they wear fewer psons in number than thei now be, the 
 proctour hath accompted for mIi a yere, theyr rent of asyse 
 beyng but as above dcxliiA iiii^. Of whiche costen fare, 
 buyldyngs, and other, was then borne of the benevolence 
 and charyte oft' the cite of London. NoAve, they not 
 regarding this derthe, nether the increase of ther supliuous
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 23 
 
 nomber, nether yet the decay of the said benevolence and 
 charyte, wokl have and hathe that same fare cotynuall that 
 then was usid, and wold have like plentye of brede, and 
 ale and fyshe, gevyn to strangers, in the butterye, and at 
 the butterye door, and as large distributions of bread and 
 ale, to all ther svants, and to vagabunds at the gate, as was 
 then uside, which canot be. Wherfor under the favour of 
 yo"" w shipe hit semythe to be moche necessary to niynche 
 eyther the nomber or deyntye fare, and also, the supHuus 
 gift of brede and ale. 
 
 " These Charter-howse Monks wold be callyd solytary, 
 but to the cloyster do ther be xxiiii keys, in the hands of 
 xxiiii psons, and hit is lyk many letters un^fytable, tales 
 and tydings and siityme puse to cell comythe and goyth by 
 reason thereof. Also to the buttrey dore ther be xxii sun- 
 drye keys, in xxii men's hands, wherin symythe to be 
 small husbandiye. 
 
 " Now is the tyme of the yere when pvysion was wont 
 to be made of lynge, haberdens, and of other salt store, 
 and also of ther wynter vesturys to ther bodyes, and to 
 ther beddis, and for fuell to ther cellys ; wherein I tarye 
 tyll I may knowe yo' w'shippis pleasure therin. I think, 
 under correctyon of yo"" w~shippe, that hit were very neces- 
 sary to remove the ii lay broders from the buttery, and 
 sett ii tempall persons ther in that rome, and lykwyse yn 
 the kychine, ffor in tliose ii offyces lye waste of the howse. 
 
 " In the beginnynge of August last paste, my Lorde of 
 Canterburye sent for ii Monks her, Rochester and Raw-
 
 24 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 lins ; his Lordship sent Rochester home agayne, but he 
 kepethe Rawhiis styll with him, and I understand he hathe 
 changed liis habytt to seculer priests clothing, and eateth 
 fleshe. I knowe that sume of them, and I think that 
 dyv^se moo of them wokl he glad to be lycencyde to the 
 same. Oon lay brother, Apostata, (late of the Isle of Ax- 
 holm, as lie said,) being sycke in the grete sycknes, was 
 secretlye, ^^•ithout my knowledge, recej^ed her into the 
 cloyster, wher he died with'" iiii dayes ; oon of the lay 
 brothers kept him in his sickness, and is now sick in the 
 same great sicknes. Goddis wyll be prformyde. 
 
 " Wlier the Lord Rede, late Chef Justyce of the Com on 
 Place, hath her found a chantrye of viiiZ. yerly, for term 
 of XXX years ; his Chaplen dyed the first day of Septem- 
 ber, and there is yet xiii yeres to cum. 
 
 " Maister John Maidwell, coihenly callyd the Scottyshe 
 Frere, hath bin her, with Dr. John Rochester, "Will. Mar- 
 slialle and others then being psent, and hath exhortyd him 
 to the best ; but they could fynde no good towardness in 
 him ; but after an howers cocacyon they lefte him as they 
 founde him. Thaw I entretyd Rochester, and iiii or v 
 of the Monks, to be cotentyd to hyr hym pche oon Smon 
 among them oon day that weeke, where'**"' they were than 
 contentyd ; but on the next day, when they had spokyn 
 w*'' ther other broders, they sent me worde that I shulde 
 not bryng him among them, for if I so did, they wold not 
 hire him ; bycausc they harde tell of hym that he pchide 
 agaynst the honoryng of images and of saynts, and that he
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 25 
 
 was a blasphemer of saynctis ; and I said that I invayled 
 moche of them, for ther can be no gretter heresie in any 
 man (specially in a religius man) than to say, that he can- 
 not pche the worde of God, nether will not hive hit pched ; 
 and they say that they will reade ther Doctors, and go no 
 farder ; and I tellyd them, that suche doctoures hath made 
 some of ther companye to be strong traytours, and tray- 
 torusely to suffer death. 
 
 " Now Sr, standing the case in the pmiss as I have now 
 
 wryttyne, I dare do nothing tyll I know siiwhatt of yor 
 
 w~shipis pleasr, for I Imve lernyde of my Felowe John 
 
 Whalley that yor pleasure is that I shulde breke noone old 
 
 ordir of the Howse, but yor comandement onys knowyne, 
 
 I trust to endevor my self to folowe and accomplyshe hit 
 
 w* such diligence and discrecon as I am able, and as God 
 
 will give me grace, and as I thinke to aunswer to yor 
 
 w~shipe yn di'ed of yor displeasure as know* God who 
 
 eiihedde you from henceforth forwards as he hath don 
 
 hiderto yn his liolye Spiryte, to the coforte off or mooste 
 
 csten and mooste catholike pnce the Kynges Highnes and 
 
 of all his nobleme and all other his true sbjectes. At the 
 
 Charter-house, nexte London, the 5 day of September. 
 
 " Yo' limbic svant, 
 
 " Jasp. Fylott." 
 
 " Sur, I have sowyde to the Byll of pporcons, a parch- 
 ment contayning of the names of the whole howshold of 
 the Charter-house, and by cause invell upon the order of
 
 26 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 that Byll. In the first lyne is set byfore evy mans name 
 that hath cofessed hymself to be the Kyng's trew man, 
 ther is set a (G) for good, and before the other a (B) for 
 badde. 
 
 " In the secude lyne ys sett the letter that standyth 
 upon his cell dore. 
 
 " The thyrde lyne is the nuber of the persons." 
 
 " To the Ryght Honorable my Master, Hygh Secretarie 
 to -the KjTig's Hyghiiess." 
 
 Together with this letter, Master Fylott sent Cromwell 
 a table of instructions concerning the Convent. The fol- 
 lowing are extracts from them : — 
 
 " Instructyons to my Maister, the Kynges Hygh Secreta- 
 rie for the Charter-house, by London, the seconde day 
 of October, the xx\'ii Yere of the Reygne of King 
 Henry the Eyghte. 
 
 " Iff hit be the Kynges pleasui'e and yors, that this 
 Charter-House shall stande w*owt a P'or as hit nowe dothe, 
 hit semythe that saving y re maistershipys coiTecon to be 
 very necessarie to minyshe the nuber of the cloyster Mnkes 
 and also of the Lay brothers, at the least by so many as 
 hath not ne will not confesse the Kynge to be theyre 
 supme hedde under God here in erthe, and y* will not 
 rennce all jurysdicton of y*^ Bishope of Rome, and of all 
 his laws that be contrarye to the good laws of tliis realme." 
 Fylott then proceeds to state how necessary it is that the 
 monks should sit daily in the Refectory, four of them to a
 
 CHARTER-UOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 27 
 
 mess, since by these means, " that meate y' now svith xii 
 psons will sve thay xx psons honestlye." " Also if any 
 of y* cloyster M~nkes luste to eate fleshe, yt were pitie 
 to costrayne hym to eat fishe, for such costrayned absti- 
 nence shall nev"" be merytorious. 
 
 " Hit ys no greete invayle, thogh many of these mnkes 
 have heretofore ofFendid God and the Kyng by thcyre 
 fowle errowrs, for I have fownde in the p''or and proctours 
 cells, iii or iiii sondiye pntyde books from beyande the 
 see of as fowle errors and heresyes as may be, and not one 
 or ii. books be new pntyd alone, but hundreds of them ; 
 wherefore, by yor maistershypes favour, hit semythe to be 
 more necessarye that these cells be better serchide, for I 
 can peeve fewe of them but they have great pleasure in 
 reding of such erronyus docto^\TS, and lyttyl or none in 
 reding of the Newe Testament, or in other good booke. 
 
 " Also Master Bedyll, and our Doctour Crome, in this 
 vacacon tyme, called Rochester and Fox before them, and 
 gave them mvellus good exhortacons by the space of an 
 howre and more ; but liit pvaylyde nothing, but they lefte 
 those ii froward monks as erroneous as they found them, 
 wherein was myche lacke of grace. 
 
 " Also Wittm Marshall gave latlye to be distrybutyde 
 amongste all owr ihnkes xxiiii Englysh books namyd the 
 Defence of Peace ; many of them rece\dde those books, 
 and sayd if theyre psydent wold comand them or licence 
 them to reade them, they wold so do, or else not. The iiid. 
 day folowing, all they, save one, sent home theyre books
 
 28 CHRONICLES OF CIIARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 agayne to me, saying that tlieyre psydent hadd comandyd 
 them so to do ; yet at more leasure, John Rochester was so 
 fayre entretyde to rede one of them, that he toke y^ boke 
 and kept hit iiii or v days, and tlian burnyde hym, which 
 ys good matter to lay to them at the tyme whan yor 
 pleasure to visytte them." 
 
 Here a few observations follow, in which Master Fylott 
 omits not to hint the expediency of diminishing the num- 
 ber both of the monks and lay brethren. He concludes by 
 remarking, " Yor Maistershipe plesure and coinandemente 
 knoweys all these matters may be reformyde wellenowge, 
 and in short space." 
 
 " Memorand : Maister May dwell, otherwise called the 
 Scotyshe Freer, hath at myn instance la^aie iii nyhtes in 
 the Charter-house, to examyne certayn books wiche I 
 thinke to be moche erronyus. I beseche yor inshipe that 
 I may knowe yor mships f)leasur whether he shall tary 
 her any loger or nay : the man is very honest, but he hath 
 no money to paye." 
 
 The monks had not much rest after this. Early in the 
 year 1536 the Parliament passed an act for dissolving all 
 the monasteries whose revenues did not exceed 2001. a 
 year. By tliis act upwards of three hundred houses were 
 suppressed. The members of those who readily surren- 
 dered received a small annual pension for life. A few of 
 these lesser houses obtained the King's permission to con- 
 tinue for some time longer ; amongst which was the
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 29 
 
 Chartreuse at Kingston-upon-Hull. The royal aggressions 
 were universally regarded with grief and discontent. Re- 
 bellions and insm-rections were breaking out in every 
 quarter, which were by no means easily put down. One 
 particularly, in Yorksliire, called " The Pilgrimage of 
 Grace," was very formidable, and quelled with no little 
 difficulty. 
 
 By another act, Henry's obsequious and flexible Parlia- 
 ment granted to him all the lands of the monasteries that 
 had surrendered ; and a third, passed in 1537, declared 
 every person guilty of treason who possessed any office, 
 ecclesiastical or civil, and refused to renounce the Pope by 
 oath, and to acknowledge the King Supreme Head on earth 
 of the Church of England. The monks of the Charter- 
 House were required to comply with this statute, but few 
 could be prevailed upon to do so. Two of the most reso- 
 lute and stubborn, Maurice Chauncey and John Fox, were 
 taken to the monastery at Beau vale, in the hope that there 
 they would be induced to submit. The visitors of that 
 Convent, finding all their attempts at persuasion abortive, 
 sent them with the following letter to Father Copynger, 
 who had succeeded Father Fewterer in the office of Con- 
 fessor-General to the Order. 
 
 [1537. 
 " To the good and religiose Father Mayster Copynger, 
 Geiiall Confessor at Syon. 
 " Father Confessor in or Savy"", Jhu be yo"" salvacon. 
 We have send to yowe o"" Brethren Foxe and Chauncey, to
 
 so CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 whome we beseche yow to showe yo"" charitie, as yow have 
 clone to dyv'se other of o"" brethren before this. They be 
 very scrupulose in the mater concernyng the Bishop of 
 Rome, but they be not obstinate. We trust you shall 
 finde them reasonable and tractable, for they be myche 
 desirouse to have y* counsell and to speke w* yowe facie ad 
 facie. Yche of them hathe a boke wherein be such autho- 
 rites as they do leane unto. We pye yowe here all that 
 they will propose, and therto make suche answers as yo"^ 
 learning and wisdome shall move yowe. We were pur- 
 posyd to have resonyd w* them in ev^y poynt cotenyd in 
 ther boks ; but ther desirs was so myche to speke w* yowe, 
 and to be removed from the house wher they were, that 
 we thoght it goode to condiscende to ther request, and not 
 to spend so long tyme w* them, for we had myche business 
 wit certen others, as they can tell yowe. Therefore, good 
 Father, for the love that yowe have to Godds bono"" and 
 the Kyng's, to the welth of ther sowles and to the honestye 
 of o"" religion, helpe to remove ther scruples, as o"" trust is 
 that you will. We py you recomend us to our goode 
 mother Lady Abbesse, desyring her goode will and for- 
 therance herein, and we shall se that suche cost as they 
 shall put y" house to, shall be recopensyd by the grace of 
 Jhu, who augment hys grace in yowe. From the Charter- 
 house of Bewvall, the last day of Aug', your lo\yng 
 bretheren in God, 
 
 " Henry March, ] Visitors of that Order assigned 
 " John Mitchell, j by the Kyng's grace."
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 81 
 
 These two contumacious brethren were, however, at last 
 induced to comply. Though no law had been made to 
 enforce such a surrender, many of the greater monaste- 
 ries gradually yielded. The fate of the abbats of Read- 
 ing, Glastonbury, and Colchester was a sad warning 
 to the disobedient. The abbeys of Westminster, Wal- 
 tham, and St. Alban, had already surrendered. The 
 Charter-House might expect the same concession to be 
 required of them. On the 10th of May 1537, the new 
 prior, "William TrafFord, was called upon to take the oaths 
 of renunciation and supremacy. The conniiissioners seem 
 to have been rather distrustful of the honesty of the monks, 
 since they called upon this convent to take the oaths three 
 times within a few years. Their suspicions were not 
 groundless ; of ten monks, who had subscribed in the 
 year 1535, nine now absolutely refused, and the com- 
 missioners, finding all arguments unavailing, had them 
 committed to prison, where they might profit by solitary 
 meditation. 
 
 Thus was the way paved for the dissolution of this 
 monastery. On the 10th June following, the deed of sur- 
 render was drawn vip, and Prior TrafFord and his brethren 
 voluntarily resigned their monastic offices. 
 
 They had hitherto lived in the retired seclusion of the 
 cloister, where, undisturbed, they could offer up their 
 devout petitions ; they had sown the seed of the Gospel 
 which had been returned to them with increase an hun- 
 dredfold ; they had hitherto been employed in paying their
 
 32 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 venerations to the relicks of departed saints, forgetting 
 not to implore everlasting happiness for the souls of their 
 friends, andthe pious benefactors of their Order ; invoking 
 their Patron Saint, the holy Bruno. Their thoughts 
 were beguiled from the affairs of the world ; pondering 
 in their lone aisles, they dwelt where 
 
 " Sounds of earth could ne'er intrude 
 To break upon the solitude." 
 
 Such had been their life ; were they about to change for 
 the better ? No more were they to hear at silent eve the 
 soft sounds of the vesper bell ; no more was the incense to 
 rise from their gilded censers, spreading its sweet perfume 
 through the choir of their church, and dispersing aloft its 
 odorous mists, tlu'ough which might be dimly traced the 
 gorgeous brilliancy of the eastern window. Penances and 
 fasts, vows and pilgrimages, were now to be forsaken. 
 Unknown and unprotected they were cast upon the wide 
 world with no more allowance than a new gown, and a 
 trifling pension. The voice of prayer, wliich, fervently 
 breathed forth from holy lips, had daily ascended from 
 their habitations, was now to cease for ever. Their relicks, 
 their sacred utensils, were to be destroyed ; their lands 
 confiscated ; their revenues to revert to the crown. And 
 this for the selfish gratification of a rapacious, ungodly, 
 sacrilegious monarch, a perfect Mammonist. For the 
 satisfaction of his covetous underlings he scrupled not to 
 violate the holiest spots. Little did he regard the solemn 
 imprecations recorded by the pious founders against those
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 33 
 
 who should thwart their intentions. Truly these were 
 troublous times. 
 
 The monks who consented to the surrender were the 
 following : 
 
 William Trafford, Prior. John Burdeyn. 
 Edmund Sterne, Vicar. John Foxe. 
 
 William Wayte, Procu- William Brooke. 
 
 rator. Bartholomew Burgoyne. 
 
 Thomas Barmyngham. John Thomson. 
 
 John Enys. John Bulleyn. 
 
 Richard Trugose. Oliver Batmanson. 
 
 Thomas Baker. John Nicolson. 
 
 Edward Digbye. Maurice Channey. 
 
 An annual pension of 201. to the Prior, and 51. each to 
 the rest of the monks, was assigned as some compensation. 
 
 In the mean time the ten monks, who had been con- 
 veyed to Newgate, were treated with the utmost barbarity ; 
 they were chained in an unwholesome and filthy dungeon, 
 and their persecutor, having starved them to death, had 
 the impudence to say in a letter to Thomas Cromwell, that 
 they were dispatched by the hand of God. 
 
 Here follows this hypocritical statement, from the pen 
 of one we have had occasion to mention before, Bedyll, 
 Archdeacon of Cornwall. 
 
 " My very good Lord, 
 " After my most hearty commendations, it shall please 
 your Lordship to understand, that the Monks of the 
 
 D
 
 34 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Charter-House here at Loudon, which were committed to 
 Newgate for their traitorous behaviour, long time con- 
 tinued against the King's Grace, be ahnost dispatched by 
 the hand of God, as it may appear to you by this bill 
 inclosed. Whereof (considering their behaviour and the 
 hole matter) I am not sorry; but would that all such as 
 love not the King's Highness and his worldly honour, were 
 in like case. 
 
 " My lord (as you may) I desire you in the way of 
 charitye, and none otherwise, to be good Lord to the 
 Prior of the said Charter-House, which is as honest a man 
 as is in that habit (or else I am much deceived), and is one 
 which never offended the King's Grace by disobedience of 
 his law^s, but hath laboured very sore continually for the 
 reformation of his brethren, and now at the last, at my 
 exhortation and instigation, constantly moved and finally 
 persuaded his brethren to surrender their house, lands, 
 and goods into the King's hands, and to trust only to his 
 mercy and grace. I beseech you, my good Lord, that the 
 said Prior may be so intreated by your help, that he be 
 not sorry, and repent that he hath fered and followed your 
 sore w^ords, and my gentle exhortations made unto him to 
 surrender his said house, and think that he might have 
 kept the same, if your Lordship and I had not led him to 
 the said surrender. But surely (I believe) that I know the 
 man so well, that howsoever he be ordered, he would be 
 contented without grudge. 
 
 *' He is a man of such charitye, that I have not seen the
 
 CHARTEll-IIOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 35 
 
 like. As toudiing the house of the Charter-House, I 
 
 pray God, if it shall please the King to alter it, that it 
 
 may be turned into a better use (seeing it is in the face of 
 
 the world), and much communication would run thereof 
 
 throughout this realm, for London is the common country 
 
 of all England, from which is derived to all parts of this 
 
 realm all good and ill currents here. 
 
 " By your Lordship's, at 
 
 " Commandment, 
 
 " Thomas Bedyll." 
 " From London, the 14th day of Jun." 
 
 There be departed ; 
 
 Brother William Greenwood, 
 
 Dominus John Davy, 
 
 Brother Robert Salt, 
 
 Brother Walter Person, 
 
 Dominus Thomas Greene, 
 
 There be even at the point of death ; 
 
 Brother Thomas Scriven, 
 
 Brother Thomas Reeding, 
 
 There were sick ; 
 
 Dominus Thomas Johnson, 
 
 Brother William Home, 
 
 There be one hole, 
 Dominus Berl." 
 
 Of these ten miserable wretches one only survived, 
 William Home, who after languishing in prison for the 
 
 D 2
 
 ^6 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 space of four years, was at last executed on the 4th day of 
 November, 1541. 
 
 According to Dugdale, the annual revenues of this 
 House amounted, at the dissolution to 642^. 0^. 4(/., whilst 
 the united revenues of the nine Houses of Carthusians in 
 England were valued at 2947^ 15^. 4j(/. 
 
 Before the final departure of the Convent from London, 
 suncby miracles are said to have been wrought, and reve- 
 lations to have been made, ui-ging them to abide in the 
 faith, and to bear witness of the truth of the Christian 
 religion at the expense of their life. Unearthly lights were 
 seen shining on their church ; at the biu'ial of one of their 
 saints, when all things appeared moumful and solemn, a 
 sudden flash of heavenly flame kindled all the lamps of 
 their church, which w^ere only lighted on great days ; and 
 a deceased father of the Convent twice visited a living 
 monk who had attended him in his last illness. The 
 narrative is given in the following letter, written by the 
 favoured monk. 
 
 1537.] [Crimina. 
 
 " V, y' I John Darley, monke of y* Charthouse, be- 
 syde London, had in my tyme licence to pray w^ a Father 
 of o"" religion, named Father Raby, a very old man, in so 
 moch when he fell seke, and lay upon hys deth bed, and 
 aff y*' tyme he was unctede, and had rece^yd all y* sacra- 
 mens of the church, in y^ psens of all y*" Covent, and when 
 all they war departed, I sayde unto hyni, good Father
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 37 
 
 Raby, yfF y^^ dccl may come to y* qwykc, I beseech yow 
 to cm to me, — and he said yea, and mediately he dyed y"^ 
 same nyght, wich was in y*" clensyng days last past, 
 Ano XV. xxxiiii., an sens that I nev"" ded thynke upon 
 hym to Saynt Jhon y* Baptist last past. 
 
 " Itm, y'' same day at v of y^ cloke at aftnone, I bey- 
 ing in contemplacon in o"^ entre in o"^ sell, sodanly he 
 appered unto me in a Monks habit, and said to me, why do 
 ye not folow o' Father ? — and I said, wherfor ? — he sayd, 
 for he is inter in hevyn next unto angells ; — and I said, 
 wher be all o"" other fathers which died as well ? — he 
 answer and said, yey be well but not so well as he ; — and 
 y~w I said to hym, Father, how do yo ? — and he answerd 
 and said, well enought, — and I said. Father, shall I pray 
 for yo"''' ? — and he said, I am well enought, but prayer both 
 fro yo''' and other doith good — and so sodanly vanyshed 
 away. 
 
 " Km, upon Saturday next aft : at v. of the clocke in 
 y*" mornyng, in y*^ same place, in o' entre, he appered to 
 me agayn, w* a large whyte herd, and a whyte staf in his 
 hands, lyftynge it up, wherupon I was aifrayed, and than 
 lenynge upon hys staff sayd to me, I am sorry y' I lyved 
 not to I had ben a marter, — and I said, I thinke y* he as 
 well as ye was a inter, — and he sayd, nay; Fox, my lord 
 of Rochester, and o"" Father, was next unto angells in 
 hevyn, — and than I said, Father, what eles ?— and than he 
 answerd and sayd, the angells of pease did lamment and 
 murne w*owt mesur,- — and so vanyshed away. 
 
 4241().'J
 
 38 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 " Written by me, John Darley, Monk of ye Cartliows, 
 ye XXVII day off June, ye yere of o*" Lord God afFor- 
 said." 
 
 The small remnant of the Order now departed from 
 
 England to Bruges, where they were no longer subject to 
 
 the persecution of their despotick King, and could, undis- 
 
 tiu'bed, exercise their pious devotions. They were once 
 
 more permitted to enjoy 
 
 " God's bounteous gifts, so largely given, 
 That raise the grateful soul to heaven 
 In holiest harmony ;" 
 
 once more to smell the " fragrant breath " of 
 
 " Tlie golden censers toss'd with graceful hand ;" 
 
 once more to chant with fervent zeal the " Iste confessor " 
 on the anniversary of their founder, the patriarch Bruno. 
 Here they continued in peace during the remainder of the 
 reign of the capricious Henry, and that of Edward, his 
 son. But Mary, at the instigation, it is said, of Philip, 
 her husband, invited them to return. They willingly com- 
 plied with the request, and were formally reinstated by 
 letters patent in their house of Shene, near Richmond, by 
 mandate of Cardinal Archbishop Pole, in the year 1555. 
 But even here they were not destined to remain long un- 
 molested, for in the second year of the succeeding reign 
 they were ejected thence ; but the clemency of Elizabeth 
 extended so far as to grant them the royal passport 
 through her kingdom of England.
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 39 
 
 But the haughty Princess and her dominions were soon 
 lost sight of. They directed their course to Nieuport, in 
 Belgium, where, with twelve professed, and three lay 
 brethren, — a number far less than the full complement 
 required, — they finally settled. There they abode, in the 
 enjoyment of every monastick privilege, until the suppres- 
 sion of religious orders in that country by the Emperor 
 Joseph II., in 1783. In the library of their Monastery at 
 Nieuport there was a most beautifully illuminated Bible, 
 on vellum, which was a present to the Monastery of Shene 
 by its founder, Henry V. This, amongst other treasures, 
 was conveyed to the Tuileries, where it still remains. 
 
 The Carthusian Order has at divers periods produced 
 many distinguished literary men, amongst whom the fol- 
 lowing are the most celebrated. 
 
 Theobald English ; flourished at the beginning of the 
 fourteenth century, and wrote a work, entitled, " Of the 
 Progress of the Holy Fathers," containing an account of 
 the lives of all the holy men from the Creation to his time. 
 
 Dr. Adam, lived about the year 1340, This eminent 
 scholar wrote several works, all of which are now in the 
 Bodleian Library. They are as follows : — " The Ladder 
 to ascend to Heaven ;" " Of receiving the Holy Eucha- 
 rist ;" " Of suffering Tribulation ;" and " The Life of St. 
 Hugh, Bishop of Lincoln." 
 
 John Olvey, the author of " Solitary Meditations," and 
 "Miracles of the Blessed Virgin Mary," flourished a.d. 
 1350.
 
 40 CHKONICLES OF CIIARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 Oswald, created in 1450, by James I. of Scotland, first 
 Prior of the Monastery of Perth. 
 
 Rock, a native of London, who, having entered our 
 Monastery, displayed such extraordinary talent, that upon 
 the first vacancy he was elected Prior. He died in the 
 year 1470, and left in writing " Dialogues, Epigrams, and 
 Poems." 
 
 John Perceval, Prior of the Monastery at Paris, a.d. 
 1500. 
 
 Thomas Spencer, the learned author of " Connnentaries 
 on St. Paul's Epistles," flourished in the year 1529. 
 
 John Batmanson, or Batmore, Prior of the Charter- 
 House at London in the 16th century. He was some time 
 a student at Oxford; hut it does not appear that he took 
 any degree at that University. He was intimately ac- 
 quainted with Edward Lee, Archbishop of York, at whose 
 request he wrote against Erasmus and Luther. He died 
 in the year 1531, and was buried in the chapel belonging 
 to the Charter-House. Bale represents him as proud, 
 arrogant, and fond of wrangling ; and says that Erasmus, 
 in one of his letters to the Bishop of Winchester, styles 
 him an ignorant fellow, and vain-glorious even to madness. 
 Pits, on the contrary, commends his genius, learning, 
 piety, and zeal ; his acquaintance with the Scriptures, and 
 his highly exemplary life. His works are, 1. "Animadver- 
 siones in Annotationes Erasmi in Novum Testamentum ;" 
 2. " A Treatise against some of Luther's Works ;" both 
 which he afterwards retracted. 3. " Commentaria in
 
 CIIAllTER- HOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 41 
 
 Proverbia Salomonis." 4. " In Caiitica Canticorum." 
 5. " De unica Magdalena." G. " Institutiones Noviciorum." 
 7. " De contemptu numcli." 8. " De Christo duodenni," 
 a homily on Luke ii. 42. 9. " On the words ' Missus 
 est,' " &c. 
 
 John Houghton, born of respectable parents in the 
 county of Essex, was brought up in the University of 
 Cambridge, where he was elected. At the age of twenty- 
 eight he entered the Charter-House, and the same year 
 was chosen Sacristan to the Monastery, and five years 
 after Procurator. At the decease of his predecessor, Bat- 
 more, he was made Prior, and two years after Visitor- 
 General of the Order in England. So great was his 
 humility and meekness, that if any one perchance called 
 him by the title of Lord, or addressed him wdth any pomp- 
 ous diction, he immediately rebuked him, saying, " Non 
 licet pauperi monacho Cartusiano dilatare fimbrias, aut 
 vocari ab hominibus Rabbi." He departed this life on the 
 4th of May, 1585. His miserable death has been recorded 
 elsewhere. 
 
 Maurice Channey, or Chauncey, one of those who con- 
 sented to the surrender of the Monastery. In one of his 
 own works we find the following ; " Et sic demum in verba 
 Regis juravimus, sub conditione tamen, quatenus licitum 
 esset, Anno Domini m.d.xxxiv., die vicesimo quarto Maii, 
 Prioratus patris nostri anno quarto." He was elected Prior 
 of the Monastery at Bruges ; and on his return to England, 
 in the year 1555, was made the Queen's Confessor. He
 
 42 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 died at Paris, July 12th, 1581, and left in writing, " An 
 History of the Emigration of the Carthusians," published 
 at Mentz, and " Passio octodecim Cartusianorum," 
 
 Priors of Charter-House. 
 
 John Lustote, a.d. 1378. He occurs again 1415. 
 
 John occurs in 1444. 
 
 Richard Boston in 1472. 
 
 Richard Roche in 1491. 
 
 William Tynbygh was made Prior in 1499. He died in 
 1529. 
 
 John Houghton succeeded in 1530. 
 
 William Trafford, the last Prior. 
 
 The common seal of this Priory attached to the acknow- 
 ledgment of supremacy in the Chapter-House, Westmins- 
 ter, A. D. 1534, has for its subject the Salutation of the 
 Virgin Mary, under which is the letter M. crowned ; and 
 for its legend Domus. Mris. Dei. Cartus. Londonien'. 
 
 The buildings of the Convent seem to have supplied the 
 place, in their persecutor's eyes, of the fugitive monks, for 
 after the dissolution they were utterly destroyed. Amidst 
 the havoc that ensued not even the Priory Church escaped, 
 for all that now remains of that building is part of the 
 south wall of the nave, incorporated with the present 
 Chapel. 
 
 Stowe informs us that in 1434 there were in it the 
 monuments of Sir Walter de Manny, and Margaret his
 
 ClIARTER-IIOUSE AS A MONASTERY. 43 
 
 wife, daughter and heiress of Thomas Brothcrton, Earl of 
 Suffolk, and widow of Lord Segrave ; those of Sir William 
 Manny, Knight, and Philip Morgan, LL.D., Bishop of 
 Ely ; those of Marmaduke Lumley, Sir LawTence Brom- 
 ley, Knight, and Sir John Hederset ; Dame Jane Borough ; 
 John Dore ; Sir Want Water, Knight; Robert Olney, 
 Esquire ; Katherine, daughter of Sir William Babington, 
 Kjiight ; Blanch, daughter of Hugh Waterton ; Katherine, 
 wife of John at Pool, daughter and heir of Richard Lucie ; 
 William Rawlin ; Sir John Lewtherne, and Dame Mar- 
 garet, his wife, daughter of John Key; John Peak, and 
 William Bacon, Esquires ; and Sir Thomas Thwaites, 
 Knight ; and in the cloisters, those of Sir Bartholomew 
 Rede, Knight, and Sir John Popham. 
 
 Whatever may have been the benefits ultimately result- 
 ing from the dissolution of monasteries, it is impossible 
 to contemplate the measure without lamenting the wreck 
 of literature, of science, of hospitality, and of splendour, 
 which it involved. Doubtless the persons who inhabited 
 these religious houses had in many instances sadly for- 
 gotten the purposes for which they were instituted, and 
 had made them refuges of laziness and vice ; yet the 
 manner in which their dissolution was effected, is a blot 
 on the page of British history, unjust, cruel, and re- 
 vengeful.
 
 HOWARD nOUSE, AND THE UOSPITAL. 45 
 
 CHAPTER II. 
 
 HOWARD HOUSE AND THE HOSPITAL. 
 
 " Sutton, the best of givers, whose large mind 
 By no red-letter'd model was confined, 
 He has erected in the highest sphere 
 
 The largest and the noblest mansion. " 
 
 Old Ballad. 
 
 " Quis dcsidcrio sit pudor aut modus 
 Tam cari capitis." 
 
 Horace, lib. i. ode 24. 
 
 We have hitherto traced the monastick career of the 
 Charter-House, London, in all its misfortunes and vicissi- 
 tudes ; we have seen the Order, when the Roman Church 
 was in her glory, faithful ministers of their religion, and, 
 under her predominating influence, exhibiting that active 
 piety so popular in their day, but, alas! too rarely met 
 with in our own. The piety of our forefathers is still vi- 
 sible in their numerous charitable foundations, devoted for 
 the most part to the service of God, or of the Chm-ch. It 
 is to be feared, however, that, through an erroneous inter- 
 pretation of Scripture, their charitable foundations were 
 coupled with a false belief, for they were invariably ac- 
 companied with an earnest petition that they who were
 
 46 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER- HOUSE. 
 
 benefited by the pious act, would pray for the souls of 
 
 their benefactors. 
 
 " Drink . weary . Pilgrim . drink . and . pray . 
 For . the . kind . soul . of . Sybil . Grey . 
 
 Who . built . this . cross • and . well ." 
 
 We have also cast a retrospective glance over their 
 movements, when smarting under the persecution of the 
 tyrannical Henry ; unappalled and undaunted by oppres- 
 sion, they chose rather to suffer martyrdom and submit to 
 an iffnominious death, than renounce the faith of their 
 fathers. We have tracked their houseless wanderings 
 through England as well as Belgium ; we have accom- 
 panied them to Bruges and to Nieuport, and we have fol- 
 lowed them back to Shene. We have reviewed the lives 
 of their saints and holy men. We have examined their 
 laws and constitutions ; and we have found them by no 
 means unworthy of the inquiries we have made. The 
 monuments of papal piety, together with the remembrance 
 of papal superstition, were now wholly obliterated. As a 
 proof of this we can cite no better example than the 
 Charter-House. The site of the Monastery had been 
 granted to John Brydges, Yeoman, and Thomas Hale, 
 Groom of the King's hales and tents, as a reward for their 
 safe keeping of his tents and pavilions deposited there. 
 They retained the property for three years, when they sur- 
 rendered the grant in exchange for an annual pension of 
 10/. The King immediately presented the estate, with all 
 its appurtenances, to Sir Thomas Audley, Speaker of the
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND TUE HOSPITAL. 47 
 
 House of Commons, from whom it passed to Sir Edward 
 North. This gentleman was born about tlie year 1496, 
 and brought up to the profession of the law, in whicli he 
 made so rapid a progress that he was elected one of the 
 counsel for the city of London. In 1536 he was appoint- 
 ed joint clerk of the Parhament, and six years after be- 
 came one of the King's serjeants-at-law. He was after- 
 wards knighted, and retm-ned to Parliament as representa- 
 tive of the county of Cambridge. We next find Sir Ed- 
 ward a privy councillor and in high favour with the King. 
 But even he was not free from Henry's suspicion and dis- 
 trust, as the following anecdote will show. One morning 
 a messenger from the King arrived at the Charter-House, 
 commanding the immediate presence of Sir Edward at 
 court. One of his servants, a groom of the bedchamber, 
 who delivered the message, observed his master to tremble. 
 Sir Edward made haste to the palace, taking with him 
 this said servant, and was admitted to the King's presence. 
 Henry, who was walking with great earnestness, regarded 
 him with an angry look, v/hich Sir Edward received 
 with a very still and sober carriage. At last the King 
 broke out in these words : " We are informed you have 
 cheated us of certain lands in Middlesex." Receiv- 
 ing a humble negation from Sir Edward, he replied, 
 "How was it, then; did we give those lands to you?" 
 To which Sir Edward responded, " Yes, sir ; your Ma- 
 jesty was pleased so to do." The King, after some little 
 pause, put on a milder countenance, and calling him to a
 
 48 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 cupboard, conferred privately with liim for a long time ; 
 whereby the servant saw the King could not spare his 
 master's service yet. From this period Sir Edward ad- 
 vanced still higher in the estimation of the King, and, at 
 his death, received a legacy of 300/., besides being included 
 in the sixteen guardians appointed during the minority of 
 his son Edward VI. He was compelled to acknowledge 
 Lady Jane Grey's right to the throne ; but subsequently 
 changed his opinions, and was one of the first to proclaim 
 the Princess Mary Queen. For his flexibility he was soon 
 after re-elected to the Privy Council, and elevated to the 
 peerage, 17th February, 1554, being then summoned to 
 Parliament by the title of Baron North, of Kirtling, in the 
 county of Cambridge. 
 
 On a copy of the Letters Patent of Queen Mary, grant- 
 ing the Charter-House to this nobleman, is the following 
 memorandum. " There is enrolled a grant from the 
 Queene (Marye) unto Sir Edward Northe, of the Scite of 
 the House or Priory of the Carthuse, witliin menconed to 
 be granted by these Lres patents of o6 Henry VIII., and 
 of the gardens, gates, conduyts, and other things within 
 menconed, and in the said Lres patents of 1 Marias speci- 
 fyed to come to the Crowne by the attaynder of John, 
 Duke of Northumberland." 
 
 " Soe it seemeth that Sir Edward North, after the grant 
 thereof to him, 36 Henr. VIII, did sele or conveye the 
 same to the Duke of Northumberland ; who afterwards 
 being attaynted of treason for rebellion, the pmisses there-
 
 HOWARD UOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 49 
 
 by came to the Crowne agayn at the begynning of Queene 
 Maryis reigne, who granted the same agayn to Sir Edward 
 Northe, with the same libertyes as are menconed in this of 
 36 Henr. VIII." 
 
 In November, 1558, on her journey from Hatfield to 
 London, Queen Elizabeth was met at Highgate by the 
 Corporation of London, and conducted to the Charter- 
 House, where she staid many days. In the year 15G1, the 
 Queen paid another visit to Lord North, and remained 
 with him four days. " On the fourth night she supped 
 with Lord Cecil, and took leave of her host the next morn- 
 ing." The magnificence which it was necessary to display 
 on the occasion of such a royal visit seems to have consi- 
 derably diminished Lord North's resoiu'ces, for he retired 
 and lived in privacy for the rest of his life. Elizabeth, 
 however, retm'ned him her thanks by constituting him 
 Lord-Lieutenant of Cambridgeshire and the Isle of Ely. 
 
 Lord North departed this life on the 3 1st of December, 
 1564, aged sixty-eight. On the 31st of May in the en- 
 suing year, his son, Roger, Lord North, sold the Charter- 
 house to the Duke of Norfolk for the sum of £2500. 
 This did not include Pardon Chapel or Whitewell Beach. 
 In consideration, however, of an addition of £320, Lord 
 North resigned what remained of the estate to the Duke 
 on the 7th of June following. 
 
 Here the Duke resided till the year 1569, when he was 
 committed to the Tower for being implicated in a con- 
 spiracy for the restoration of Mary Queen of Scots, and 
 
 E
 
 5.0 CHRONICLES OF CnARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 for engaging in a design of espousal between himself 
 and fallen Royalty. From the Tower he was released 
 in the following year, and allowed to return to the Char- 
 ter-House ; but he resumed his traitorous idea of marriage, 
 and his papers and correspondence being discovered in 
 concealment, some under the roof of his house, and others 
 under the door-mat of his bedchamber, he was attainted 
 of high treason, and again incarcerated in the Tower on 
 the 7th of September, 1571. This unfortunate nobleman 
 suffered on the scaffold in the year 1572, when the 
 Charter-House, along with his other estates, escheated 
 to the crown. His son, Philip, Earl of Arundel, was 
 impeached in 1590, for also favouring Mary, and died in 
 prison in the year 1595, most probably escaping by dis- 
 ease a more disgraceful and ignominious death by the 
 hands of the executioner. 
 
 On the death of Mary Queen of Scots, EKzabeth 
 granted the forfeited estates of the house of Norfolk to 
 the respective members of that family then alive. The 
 Charter-House was allotted to the share of Lord Thomas 
 Howard, the Duke's second son. So great was the Queen's 
 aversion to this family, that the heir to the dukedom was 
 elevated to no higher dignity than feudal Earl of Ai'un- 
 del, which he inherited as owner of Arundel Castle. King 
 James, however, showed great respect for the Howards, 
 probably on account of their having assisted, and suffered 
 for, his unfortunate mother. Like the Queen preceding 
 him, he visited the Charter-House for a few days, "and
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 51 
 
 to do more abundant honour to his host, he knighted 
 more than eighty gentlemen there on the 11th of May." 
 He soon after elevated his noble favourite to the dignity 
 of Earl of Suffolk. Of this Earl the Charter-House, 
 then known by the name of Howard-House, was pur- 
 chased by Thomas Sutton. 
 
 Of noble and worthy parentage, this gentleman, de- 
 scended from one of the most ancient families of Lincoln- 
 shire, was born at Knaith, in that county, in the year 
 1531. His father was Edward Sutton, Steward to the 
 Courts of the Corporation of Lincoln, son of Thomas 
 Sutton, servant to Edward IV. ; and his mother, Jane, 
 daughter of Robert Stapleton, Esq., "a branch of the 
 noble family of the Stapletons of Yorkshire, one of which 
 was Sir Miles Stapylton, one of the first knights of the 
 Garter, and Sir Bryan Stapylton, of Carleton, tempore 
 Richard II., also a knight of the Garter: "Ancestors," 
 as the learned antiquary. Heme, justly observes, "not 
 so low, that his descent should be. a shame to his vir- 
 tues ; nor yet so great, but that his virtue might be an 
 ornament to his birth." He was brought up for three 
 years at Eton, under the tuition of Mr. Cox, afterwards 
 Bishop of Ely, and two years in St. John's College, 
 Cambridge. In 1553, however, he removed from Cam- 
 bridge, without having taken a degree, and became a 
 student of Lincoln's-Inn. But here he did not remain 
 long ; his desire of travel increasing with his knowledge, 
 and his principles (he being a member of the Anglican 
 
 E 2
 
 52 CHRONICLES OF CIIARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Chiu'ch) compelling him to leave London, he determined 
 to visit foreign parts. He accordingly departed for Spain, 
 and having stayed there half a yeai-, passed into Italy, 
 France, and the Netherlands. He is said to have taken 
 a part in the Italian wars, and was present at the sacking 
 of Rome, under the Duke of Bourbon. He returned to 
 England in the year 1561. Through a recommendation 
 from the Duke of Norfolk, he became Secretary to the 
 Earl of Warwick, who, "in consideration of trewe and 
 faithful service to us done by our well-beloved servant, 
 Thomas Sutton," appointed him Master of the Ordnance 
 of Berwick-upon-Tweed, and granted him an annuity of 
 31. 6s. 8d. for life. When Lord Westmoreland's rebellion 
 broke out in the North, the Earl of Warwick created 
 Mr. Sutton Master-General of the Ordnance in that quar- 
 ter, a post wliich he himself had once held; and it ap- 
 pears that Mr. Sutton himself acted as a volunteer, and 
 commanded a battery at the memorable siege of Edin- 
 burgh, when that city held out for the unfortunate Mary. 
 After a blockade of five weeks, the castle surrendered on 
 the 28th of May, 1573. On his return from Scotland, 
 Mr. Sutton obtained a lease of the manors of Gateshead 
 and Wickham, near Newcastle. This was the source of 
 his immense wealth, for having " several rich veins of 
 coal," which he worked with great advantage, he had be- 
 come, in 1585, worth 50,000/. The following year he 
 left Newcastle for London, and assisted against the Spa- 
 nish Armada, by fitting out a ship, named after himself.
 
 IIOWAIID HOUSE, AND THE HOSriTAL. 53 
 
 Sutton, whicli captured for him a Spanish vessel, worth 
 twenty thousand pounds. 
 
 He brought with him to London the reputation of being 
 a monied man, insomuch that it was reported, " that his 
 purse returned from the North fuller than Queen Eli- 
 zabeth's Exchequer ;" he was resorted to by citizens, so 
 that in process of time he became the banker of London, 
 and was made a freeman, citizen, and girdler of the city. 
 
 After residing at London a short time, Mr. Sutton 
 contracted an acquaintance with Mrs. Elizabeth Dudley, 
 widow of John Dudley, Esq., of Stoke-Newington, which 
 eventually led to espousal. This lady was the daughter 
 of John Gardiner, of Grove Place, Chalfont, Bucks, Esq., 
 and held the manor of Stoke-Newington. 
 
 Mr. Sutton possessed at this period *' a house near 
 Broken Wharf, in the city, between Trig Stairs and 
 Queenhithe, which had formerly belonged to the Dukes 
 of Norfolk," as, in 1482, it was occupied by John Mow- 
 bray, Duke of Norfolk. 
 
 In the year 1590, the daughter of Mr. Sutton's wife 
 by her former husband was married to Francis Popham, 
 Esq., son and heir of the Lord Chief Justice Popham. 
 
 Mr. Sutton, being now advanced in years, thought proper 
 to retire from publick life. He relinquished his patent 
 of Master- General of the Ordnance, and on the 20th of 
 June following, he executed a will, in which he surren- 
 dered all his estates in Essex to the Lord Chief Justice, 
 Sir John Popham, and others (w ith power of revocation).
 
 54 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 in trust to found an Hospital at Hallingbury Bouchers,* 
 in Essex ; which place, as will be seen, he afterwards 
 changed for London; and, "as a proof of his trewe and 
 faitheful heart borne to his dread Sovereign, Queen Eli- 
 zabeth," he bequeathed her Majesty 2,000/. in recom- 
 pense of his oversights, careless dealinge, and fearful- 
 nesse in her service, most humbly beseeching her to stand 
 a good and gracious lady to his poor wife." He also in- 
 stituted a great many scholarships at Magdalen and Jesus 
 Colleges, Cambridge ; and his Will, which will be found 
 hereafter, is replete with benevolent legacies. 
 
 After Mr. Sutton had lived in uninterrupted happiness 
 for the space of twenty years with his beloved partner, 
 he was destined to lose her at a time when her conso- 
 lation and liberality to others were most needed. It is 
 said that her house was " an open hospital ;" and some 
 idea of the extent of her charities may be formed from 
 the following letter from her to Mr. Sutton, reminding 
 him to send a quantity of Lenten stores for the con- 
 sumption of the servants and poor of the neighbourhood. 
 
 " Good Mr. Sutton. 
 
 " I send you here inclosed a letter from John Hut- 
 ton, which came by the carrier, and all is well at Bal- 
 sham, I thank God ; and here is another letter, which 
 I opened before I looked at the superscription, which 
 came by another ; it toucheth a widow, wherefore 
 
 * Appendix. 
 
 I
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 55 
 
 I need not write to you in her behalf, for I know you 
 have great care of the poor for God's cause, though she 
 were a mere stranger. I send here a note for Lenten 
 stores ; if you intend to stay here this Lent, you must in- 
 crease it for Haberdeen and Lynge ; and so praying God 
 to bless us both, I commit you to his keeping. 
 " Your loving, obedient Wife 
 
 " Eliz. Sutton." 
 
 " Ncwington, 27th of Jan. 1600. 
 
 " Twenty great eles. 
 
 " Four salmons, good and great. 
 
 " A barrel of Lowborne herrings, of the bigger boyle. 
 
 *' Forty stock-fish, good and ready beaten. 
 
 " A cade of sprats, and a cade of red-herrings, them 
 that be good. 
 
 " Six pounds of figgs, and three pounds of Jordan 
 ahnonds." 
 
 Mrs. Sutton departed this life at Balsham, in Cam- 
 bridgeshire, on the 17th of June, 1602. After her body 
 had been embalmed, her corpse was conveyed to Stoke- 
 Newington, and buried beside the body of her first hus- 
 band, Mr. Dudley, in the family vault there. 
 
 Mr. Sutton now began to design his great benefaction, 
 but, uncertain in what way he could best complete the 
 undertaking, he frequently consulted several of his friends. 
 Dr. Willet, who lived at BarkAvay, not far from Mr. Sut- 
 ton, was one of these, and advised him to be a benefactor
 
 56 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 to Chelsea College, a place intended for the convenience 
 and maintenance of learned divines, who should study 
 and write controversies against the Papists, erected. An. 
 Dom, 1610. Another proposition of the Doctor's was 
 taken out of King James's letter to the Ai'chbishop for 
 the digging a trench out of the River Lea, to erect 
 engines and water-works to convey water in close pipes 
 under ground, into the city of London, and the suburbs 
 thereof, by an Act of Parliament, 1 Jacobi. 
 
 But Mr. Sutton did not deem these fit objects for his 
 bounty ; but the following letter from Mr. Hall, of Wal- 
 tham, afterwards Bishop of Exeter, served to fix his de- 
 termination. 
 
 " Sir. 
 
 " I TROUBLE you not with reasons of my writing, 
 or with excuses ; if I do ill, no plea can warrant me ; if 
 well, I cannot be discouraged with any censures. I crave 
 not your pardon, but your acceptation. It is no presump- 
 tion to give good counsel, and presents of love fear not 
 to be ill taken of strangers : my pen and yoiu' substance 
 are both given us for one end, to do good : these are 
 our talents, how happy are we if we can improve them 
 well ! Suffer me to do you good with the one, that with 
 the other you may do good to many, and most to your- 
 self; you cannot but know, that your full hand and 
 worthy purposes had possessed the World with much ex- 
 pectation. What speak I of the World ! whose honest
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 57 
 
 and reasonable claims yet cannot be contemned with ho- 
 nour, nor disappointed without dishonour. The God of 
 Heaven, who hath lent you this abundance, and given 
 you these gracious thoughts of charity, of piety, looks 
 long for the issue of both, and will easily complain of 
 too little, or too late : your wealth and your will are both 
 good ; but the first is only made good by the second : for 
 if your hand were full, and your heart empty, we, who 
 now applaud you, should justly pity you : you might 
 have riches, not goods, not blessings : your burden should 
 be greater than your estate, and you should be richer in 
 sorrows than in metals. For (if we look to no other 
 world) what gain is it to be keeper of the best earth ? 
 that which is the common coffer of all the rich mines, we 
 do but tread upon ; and account it \ale, because it doth 
 but hold and hide those treasures: whereas the skilful- 
 lest metallist, that findeth and refineth those precious 
 veins for publick use, is rewarded, is honoured. The very 
 basest element yields gold. The savage Indian gets it, 
 the servile apprentice works it, the very Midianitish camel 
 may wear it ; the miserable worlding admires it, the covet- 
 ous Jew swallows it, the unthrifty Ruffian spends it; 
 what are all these the better for it ? only good use gives 
 praise to earthly possessions. Hearing, therefore, you owe 
 more to God, that he hath given you an heart to do good, 
 a will to be as rich in good works, as great in riches ; to 
 be a Friend to this Mammon, is to be an enemy to God ; 
 but to make friends with it is royal and Christian : his
 
 58 CnRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 enemies may be ■wealthy, none but liis friends can either 
 be good, or do good : Da et accipe, saith the wise man. 
 The Christian, who must imitate the high pattern of his 
 Creator, knows his best riches to be bounty; God, who 
 liath all, gives all ; reserves nothing ; and for himself he 
 well considers, that God hath not made him an o^\'ner, 
 but a servant ; and a servant of servants, not of his goods, 
 but of the giver : not a Treasurer, but a Steward, whose 
 praise is more, to have laid out well, than to have received 
 much. The greatest gain therefore that he affects, is an 
 even reckoning, a clear discharge; which since it is ob- 
 tained by disposing, not by keeping, he counts reserva- 
 tion loss, and just expense his trade, and joy. He knows, 
 that " Well done. Faithful servant," is a thousand times 
 more sweet a note than " Soul, take thine ease :" for 
 that is the voice of the master recompensing; this of 
 the servant presuming : and what follows to the one, but 
 his master's joy ? and what to the other, but the loss of 
 his soul ? Blessed be that God which hath given you 
 an heart to forethink this, and in this diy and dead age 
 a will to honom- him with his own; and to credit his 
 Gospel with your beneficence. Lo ! we are upbraided 
 wdth barrenness : your name hath been publickly opposed 
 to these challenges ; as in whom it shall be seen, that 
 the truth hath friends that can give ; I neither distrust 
 nor persuade you, whose resolutions are happily fixed 
 on purposes of good ; only give me leave to hasten your 
 pace a little, and to excite your Christian frowardness
 
 HOWARD UOUSE, AND TUE IIOSriTAL. 59 
 
 to begin speedily, wliat you have long and constantly 
 vowed. You would not but do good, why not now ? 1 
 speak boldly, the more speed, the more comfort; neither 
 are the times in our disposal, nor our selves. If God 
 had set us a day, and made our wealth inseparable, there 
 were no danger in delaying ; now our uncertainty either 
 must quicken us, or may deceive us. How many have 
 meant well, and done nothing, and lost the crown with 
 lingering ? whose destinies have prevented their desires ; 
 and leave their good motions the wards of their executors ; 
 not without miserable success : to whom, that they would 
 have done good, is not so great a praise, as it is dishonour, 
 that they might have done it : their wrecks are our warn- 
 ings : we are equally mortal, equally fickle. ^Vliy have 
 you this respite of living, but to prevent the imperious 
 necessity of death ? It is a woful and remediless com- 
 plaint, the end of our days hath overrim the beginning 
 of our good works. Early beneficence hath no danger ; 
 many joys : for the conscience of good done, the prayers 
 and blessings of the relieved, and the gratulations of 
 saints, are as so many perpetual comforters, which can 
 make our life pleasant, and our death happy ; our evil 
 days good, our good better : all these are but lost with 
 delay : few and cold are the prayers for him that may 
 give ; and in lieu, our good piu-poses foreflowed are be- 
 come om' tormentors : upon our death-bed little indif- 
 ference is betwixt good deferred and evil done : good 
 was meant, who hindered it ? will our conscience say.
 
 60 CHKONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 There was time enough, means enough, need enough, 
 what hinder'd ? did fear of envy, distrust of want ? alas ! 
 what buggs are these to fright men from Heaven ? as if 
 the envy of keeping were less than bestowing : as if God 
 were not as good a debtor, as a giver. ' He that gives 
 to the poor, lends to the Lord,' says Solomon. If he 
 freely give us what we may lend, and grace to give, will 
 he not much more joay us what we have lent? and give 
 us, because we have given ? that is his bounty, this is 
 his justice. O happy is the man that may be a creditor 
 to his Maker ! Heaven and earth shall empty, before 
 he want a royal payment : if we dare not trust God while 
 we live, how dare we trust men when we are dead ? 
 Men, that are still deceitful, and light upon the balance : 
 light of truth, and heavy of self-love : how many exe- 
 cutors have proved the executioners of honest wills ? 
 how many have our eyes seen, that after most careful 
 choice of trusty guardians, have had their children and 
 goods so disclosed, as, if the parent's soul could return to 
 see it, I doubt whether it would be hapjoy. How rare 
 is that man who prefers not himself to his dead friend, 
 profit to truth ? who will take no advantage of the im- 
 possibility of the account ? Whatever, therefore, men 
 either shew or promise, happy is that man that may be 
 his own auditor, supervisor, executor ; as you love God 
 and yourself, be not afraid of being happy too soon. I 
 am not worthy to give so bold advice, let the wise man 
 Syrach speak for me ; ' Do good before thou die, and
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. (Jl 
 
 according to thine ability stretch out thine hand, and 
 give : defraud not thyself of thy good day ; and let not 
 the portion of thy good desires pass over thee. Shalt 
 thou not leave thy travails to another, and thy labours 
 to them that will divide thy heritage ?' Or let a wiser 
 than he speak, viz. Solomon : ' Say not, To-morrow I will 
 give, if thou now have it : for thou knowest not what 
 a day will bring forth.' It hath been an old rule of 
 liberaKty, He gives twice, who gives quickly ; whereas 
 slow benefits argue uncheerfulness, and lose their worth : 
 who lingers his receipts, is condemned as unthrifty ; he 
 who knovv-eth both, saith, ' It is better to give, than to 
 receive.' If we are of the same spirit, why are we hasty 
 in the worst, and slack in the better ? Suffer you your- 
 self, therefore, good Sir, for God's sake, for the Gospel's 
 sake, for the Church's sake, for your soul's sake, to be 
 stirred up by these poor lines to a resolute and speedy 
 performing of your worthy intentions. And take this 
 as a loving invitation sent from Heaven by an unworthy 
 messenger: you cannot deliberate long of fit objects for 
 your beneficence, except it be more for multitude than 
 want : the streets, yea, the world is full. How doth 
 Lazarus lie at every door ? how many sons of the pro- 
 phets in their meanly provided colleges may say, not 
 mors in olla, but fames ? how many Churches may justly 
 plead that which our Saviour bad his disciples, ' The 
 Lord hath need ? ' and if this infinite store hath made 
 your choice doubtful, how easy were it to show you,
 
 62 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 wherein you might oblige the whole Church of God to 
 you, and make your memorial both eternal and blessed : 
 or if you had rather, the whole commonwealth ? 
 
 "But now I find my self too bold, and too busie, in 
 thus looking to particularities : God shall direct you, and 
 if you follow him, shall crown you. Howsoever, if good 
 be done, and that betimes. He hath what he desired, and 
 your soul shall have more than you can desire. The 
 success of my weak, yet hearty counsel, shall make me 
 as rich as God hath made you, wdth all your abundance. 
 
 " God bless it to you, and make both our reckon- 
 ings cheerful in the day of our common audit." 
 
 This charitable advice hastened Mr. Sutton's under- 
 taking, and he forthwith determined to found a Hos- 
 pital for the maintenance of so many aged men, incapa- 
 ble of work, and also for the education of a certain num- 
 ber of youths, whose parents had not sufficient means 
 to instruct them. Having negociated with the Earl of 
 Suffolk for the purchase of the Charter-House, for which 
 he paid 13,000/., he petitioned his Majesty, King James, 
 and the Parliament, March 10, 1609, for leave and licence 
 to erect and endow the present Hospital. Letters patent 
 were issued to him on the 2nd of June, 1611.* On the 
 2nd of November following, he executed the following 
 judicious will. 
 
 * Aj)])cndix.
 
 ITOWAUD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 63 
 
 " In the name of God, Amen. The Second day of 
 November, in the year of our Lord God, One thousand 
 six hundred and eleven, I, Thomas Sutton, of Camps 
 Castle, in the county of Cambridge, Esquire ; 
 
 " Being weak in body, and of good and perfect mind 
 and memory, thanks be given to Almighty God for the 
 same ; do make and declare this my last Will and Tes- 
 tament in manner and form following ; that is to say. 
 First, and principally, I commend my soul into the hands 
 of Almighty God; trusting through his mercy, and by 
 the precious death and passion of my Saviour and Re- 
 deemer, Jesus Christ, to be saved, and to inherit the king- 
 dom of Heaven for ever. And my body I will to be 
 buried where and in what sort it shall seem meet and 
 convenient to mine executor or executors, and super- 
 visor or supervisors of this my last Will and Testament, 
 with the least pomp and charge that may be. 
 
 " Item, I give to every one of the children of Richard 
 Coxe, late Bishop of Ely, who shall be living at the time 
 of my death, Ten pounds a-piece, of lawful money of 
 England. 
 
 " Item, I give to the children of Eleanor Aske^ late 
 wife of Robert Aske, of Aughton, in the county of York, 
 Esquire, the sum of One hundred pounds of good and 
 lawful money of England, to be equally distributed 
 amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give to the poor Town of Berwick-upon- 
 Tweed, One hundred marks of lawful money of England,
 
 64 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 to be distributed amongst the Poor there by the discre- 
 tion of the chief Governor and Preacher there for the 
 time being, to be paid witliin one year after my decease. 
 
 " Also, I give to Andi'ew Westwood's wife, of New- 
 castle-upon-Tyne, or to her children, or to so many of 
 them as shall be living at my death. Ten pounds, to be 
 bestowed equally amongst them. 
 
 " And I give to the poor people of Stoke-Newington, 
 in the county of Middlesex, Ten pounds, to be distri- 
 buted by the Constables, Churchwardens, and Parson of 
 the same Town, for the time being, to the most needy 
 people there. 
 
 " Also- I give to Mr. Gray, dwelling in Yorkshire, 
 sometime servant to Ambrose, Earl of Warwick, or to 
 his children, if any of them be living at my decease, 
 Forty pounds of good and lawful money of England, 
 to be distributed equally amongst them within six months 
 after my decease. 
 
 *' Also I give to the children of my Aunt Wliite, or 
 to so many of them as shall be living at my decease. One 
 hundred Marks, to be equally distributed amongst them, 
 within six months next after my decease. 
 
 " Also I give to William Cocke t, son to William 
 Cocket, late Alderman of the city of Lincoln, One hun- 
 dred povmds of lawful money of England. 
 
 " Also I give to the children of John Copeland, late 
 of Skillingthorp, in the County of Lincoln, or to so many 
 of them as shall be living at the time of my decease.
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. G5 
 
 One hundred pounds of lawful money of England, to be 
 equally distributed amongst them, saving unto Elizabeth 
 Copeland, for my meaning is tliat she shall not luive 
 any part of the said legacy of One hundred pounds. 
 
 " And unto the said Elizabeth Copeland I give the 
 sum of One hundred pounds of lawful money of England, 
 to be paid unto her at the day of her marriage, or within 
 one year after my decease. 
 
 " Item, I give unto Jane Upton, one of the daughters 
 of Elizabeth Upton, late wife of Hamond Upton of Wain- 
 fleet in the county of Lincoln, Esquire, the sum of Fifty 
 pounds of lawful money of England. 
 
 " And to every other of the children of the said Eli- 
 zabeth who shall be living at the time of my decease. 
 Twenty pounds a-piece of lawful money of England, to 
 be paid within six months next after my decease. 
 
 " Also, I give to the cliildren of one Skelton, late of 
 Lowth, in the county of Lincoln, and sometime towards 
 the Henneages of Heniton in the said county, Ten pounds 
 to be equally divided amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give to the children of Thomas Pynner, late 
 of Micham, in the county of Surrey, Esquire, or to so 
 many of them as shall be living at my decease, Twenty 
 pounds to be equally distributed amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give to the children of Henry Tutty, late 
 Gunner in Berwick, or to so many of them as shall be 
 living at my decease. Ten pounds of lawful money of 
 England, to be equally distributed amongst them. 
 
 F
 
 66 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 " Also, I give to my niece Elizabeth Allen Two hun- 
 dred pounds of lawful money of England. 
 
 " And to every of her children which shall be living 
 at my decease One hundred marks a-piece. 
 
 " Item, I give to Simon Baxter, if he be living at 
 my decease, Three hundred pounds of lawful money 
 of England ; if not, then I give the same sum to his 
 child or children, to be equally divided amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give unto Francis Baxter, if he be living at 
 my death. Five hundred marks of lawful money of Eng- 
 land ; if not, I give the same sum to his child or children, 
 to be equally divided amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give unto each of my serving-men to whom 
 I give wages, with my cook, that shall be alive at my 
 decease, Thirteen pounds six shillings and eight pence 
 over' and above their wages then due. 
 
 " Item, I give to so many of my maid-servants as I have 
 in my house at the time of my decease Five marks a-piece 
 over and above their wages. 
 
 " Item, I give unto the children of Reynold Tomps, 
 my late serv^ant, if any of them be alive at my death. Ten 
 pounds to be distributed amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give to the fishermen of the town of Ostend, 
 in the Low-Countries, One hundred pounds of lawful 
 English money, to be given and distributed amongst the 
 poorest fishermen of that town, or, for want of a com- 
 petent number of them, to call in some other of that 
 town to have a share of the said One hundred pounds.
 
 HOWARD UOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 67 
 
 by the discretion of the Governor of that town and 
 his assistants, and the Parson and Minister there for the 
 time being ; the same to be paid within one year after 
 my decease. 
 
 " Item, I give towards the mending of the liighways 
 between Islington and Newington, in the county of Mid- 
 dlesex, Tw^enty-six pounds thirteen shillings and four 
 pence of lawful money of England, to be employed and 
 bestowed by the good oversight of mine Executor or Exe- 
 cutors, the Constable of Newington and the Church-war- 
 dens there for the time being; the same highways to be 
 amended, made, and liolpen, within one year after my 
 decease. 
 
 " Item, I give towards the amending of the highways 
 between Ashden and Waldcn, in the county of Essex, 
 called Walden Lane, One hundi-ed pounds of lawful money 
 of England : And towards the amending of the high- 
 ways between Great Lynton, in the county of Cambridge, 
 and the said town of Walden, Threescore and six pounds 
 of lawful money of England : And I also give towards 
 the amending of Horsheath Lane Threescore pounds of 
 lawful money of England. 
 
 " All these works next before recited I will shall be 
 overseen and guided by the two Head-Constables there- 
 unto next adjoyning, the Treasvu'er of Walden, and the 
 Parsons of Ashden, Hadstock, and Horsheath, and tlie 
 Constables of the same parishes for the time being: And 
 the same several sums to be cmi)k)ycd, and the said hiuh- 
 
 F 2
 
 68 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 ways to be amended, so far as the same sums will extend, 
 witliin one year after my decease. 
 
 " Also, I give towards the amending of the bridges 
 and tlie ordinary highways between Southminster and 
 Maldon, in the said county of Essex, the sum of One 
 hundred pounds of lawful money of England; and the 
 same work to be overseen and guided by the two Head- 
 Constables thereunto next adjoyning, and the Parsons or 
 Vicars of Southminster and Maldon for the time being; 
 and the same money to be so employed, and the high- 
 ways so amended, within one year after my decease. 
 
 " Item, I give to Mr. Robert Dudley, Alderman of 
 Newcastle-vipon-Tyne, or to his children, or to so many 
 of his children as shall be living at the time of my de- 
 cease, Thirty pounds of lawful money of England, wliich 
 he oweth me. 
 
 " And I will and do earnestly charge mine Executor 
 or Executors to deliver into the Treasury or Chamber 
 of the City of London One thousand pounds in current 
 money of England, with such care and foresight to be 
 had, tliat such bonds or assurances be taken of the Lord 
 Mayor and Aldermen of the same city that for the time 
 shall be, by learned counsel in the law, as the same 
 may be safe, and for ever go and be converted to these 
 uses following : that is to say, that the said Thousand 
 pounds be yearly lent and put forth to ten young mer- 
 chant-men not having any great stocks of their own, 
 being young men, and of honest life and conversation,
 
 UOWAKD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 69 
 
 and towardly in their trades ; that is, to every one of 
 them One hundi'ed pounds for a year, without paying any- 
 thing for the same : And these ten young merchants to 
 be chosen and appointed by the Lord Mayor and Aklcr- 
 men of the said City that for the time shall be, and the 
 Dean of the Cathedral Church of St. Paul in London 
 for the time being ; pro\dded, as before, that none have 
 or continue the said hundred pounds so appointed above 
 one year. 
 
 " Item, I will and give to the chikben of Justinian 
 Crome Draper, sometime dwelling in the city of Lin- 
 coln, or to his children's childi-cn, if any of them shall be 
 living at my decease, Twenty pounds of lawful money of 
 England, to be equally divided amongst them. 
 
 " I give also to the wife and children or child of IMar- 
 tin Wathersine, Dutchman, sometime dwelling at the 
 sign of the White Bear in Botolph Lane, London, if any 
 of them be living at the time of my death, Ten pounds 
 to be equally divided amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give to the next kinsman or kinswoman of 
 Henry Vavering, Dutchman, smith, sometime dAvclling 
 at Berwick, Tlu-ee pounds six shillings and eight ponce. 
 
 " Item, I give and bequeath unto Sir Francis Popham, 
 Knight, out of the respect and goodwill which I bear unto 
 his wife, being the daughter of my late deceased dear 
 wife, the sum of Two thousand marks of lawful money 
 of England ; upon condition nevertheless, and so that the 
 said Sir Francis Popham, and the said Lady Anne his
 
 70 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 wife, give a sufficient discharge and a general release to 
 mine Executor or Executors, as well for that sum, as also 
 for the receipt of all the rest of her part or portion of the 
 plate, money, and household stuff, abeady paid and de- 
 livered to them, or to their use, as appeareth by several 
 bills or notes subscribed with my own hand, which I do 
 think to be the very true half, and better half, of the said 
 plate, money, and household stuff, part whereof was de- 
 livered by one John Fishborne, my late servant, to Sir 
 John Popham, Knight, late Lord Chief Justice of Eng- 
 land, at his late house in Chancery Lane. The rest of 
 the household stuff, as chairs, stools, bedsteads, kitchen- 
 stuff, tables, and such like, was delivered by the said Fish- 
 borne to the said Sir John Popham's servants at Newing- 
 ton One thousand pounds in money paid in tliis sort : 
 ('vdz.) to Sir John Popham by his servant Straker, upon 
 the said Sir John's bill before marriage. Three hundred 
 pounds ; which bill, after the marriage, I i-eturned to the 
 said Sii" John Popham ; Seven hundred pounds were paid 
 to the said Sir John Popham, upon the marriage, by one 
 Mr. Anthony Law, late dwelling in Paternoster Row ; the 
 better moiety of the plate due to Sir Francis Popham was, 
 by the appointment of the said Sir John Popham, received 
 by one Mr. Clark, sometime towards the said Sir John, 
 and now a counsellor at law of the Middle Temple, as I 
 guess. 
 
 " Item, I give to my well-beloved friend. Amy Pop- 
 ham, Two hundred pounds, to be paid to her at the day
 
 IIOAVARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 71 
 
 of her marriage, or when she shall accomplish the age of 
 eighteen years. 
 
 " Item, I give to Frances Popham, Mary Popham, Jane 
 Popham, and Anne Popham, all daughters of the said 
 Lady Anne Popham, One hundred pounds a-piece ; ^vhich 
 several sums I will shall be paid them at the days of their 
 marriage, or when they shall accomplish the age of 
 eighteen years : And my will and meaning is, that unless 
 the said Sir Francis Popham, and the said Lady Anne 
 his wife, do or shall give to mine Executor or Executors a 
 general acquittance or release to the effect above-men- 
 tioned, that then, as well the said legacy of Two thousand 
 marks so willed to be given to the said Sir Francis Pop- 
 ham and the Lady his wife, shall remain and be to the 
 use of mine Executor or Executors, to be wholly disposed 
 and given by them within one year after my decease, 
 partly to the amending of highways, and partly to poor 
 maidens' marriages, and partly to the poor people of mine 
 intended Hospital, when it shall please God that it shall 
 be established and erected. And whereas, perhaps it is, 
 or may be disposed, that the said Sir John Popham hath 
 paid Three hundred pounds to Sir Rowland Hayward, of 
 the City of London, Alderman, as a debt due unto him 
 upon the bonds of John Dudley and Thoinas Dudley, I 
 protest before God that I paid the whole Tlu'ee hundred 
 pounds to the said Sir John Popham in this sort, to be 
 paid over to the said Su' Rowland Hayward, viz. : Two 
 hundi-ed pounds by my servant John Fishbornc, and One
 
 72 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 huiidrecl pounds by one Henry Best, scrivener, near 
 Temple Bar. There was a demand made by Alderman 
 Ducket's executors for Four hundred pounds owing to 
 the said Alderman upon the bonds of John Dudley and 
 Thomas Dudley for copper, for the use of the Earl of 
 Leicester, which the said Earl transported into Spain ; 
 which debt was paid to the said Alderman : for I myself 
 was a messenger from the said Earl to the said Alderman, 
 to let him understand that Mr. Bainliam, my Lord's special 
 Officer and Receiver, should discharge them presently, 
 and, after it was discharged, the said Alderman demanded 
 interest for the forbearing of the Four hundred pounds, 
 which, as I remember, Thomas Dudley discharged. Mr. 
 Justice Owen, as I remember, who had the doing in the 
 testament of Alderman Ducket, promised to deliver in 
 the said bond to Sir John Popham, then being Attorney, 
 which I do believe he did. And whereas Mr. John Gar- 
 diner, brother to my late wife, by liis last Will and Testa- 
 ment did give unto Anne Dudley, now wife to Sir Francis 
 Popham, One hundred pounds to be paid to her at the 
 day of her marriage, the same hundred pounds was and is 
 paid by me at or before the day of her marriage, viz. : 
 in a chain of gold, fourscore and seventeen pounds ten 
 shillings in gold, and for the fasliion paid to Master Pad- 
 more, goldsmith in London, fifty shillings, which com- 
 pletes the hundred pounds ; for the which, amongst other 
 things which I delivered in trust, I have no acquittance.
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 73 
 
 " Item, I give to Mr. JefFery Nightingiile the sum of 
 Forty pounds of lawful money of England. 
 
 " Also, I give to my cousin William Stapleton, son of 
 Sir Richard Stapleton, Knight, One hundred marks. 
 
 " Item, I give unto the chikben of Sir Francis AVil- 
 loughby, Knight, One hundred pounds of lawful money 
 of England, to be equally distributed amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give unto John Law, one of the Procurators 
 of the Arches, London, Two hundred pounds. 
 
 " And to Mr. Thomas Brown, Ten pounds to make 
 him a ring. 
 
 " Item, I give to the wife and cliikben of John Gar- 
 diner, my late wife's nephew, if they be living after my 
 decease, being the mother and two sons. Two huiulred 
 marks, to be equally divided amongst them. 
 
 " Item, I give to the poor people of Hadstock, to be 
 distributed amongst them by the Churchwardens and Con- 
 stables there for the time being, Twenty pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to the poor people of Littlebury, and to 
 the poor people of Balsham, to be distributed as afore ; 
 to either town. Twenty pounds. 
 
 *' Item, I give to the Parson and Churchwardens of 
 Balsham aforesaid for the time being, to buy a Ixll 
 withal, to be hanged up in the steeple to amend the 
 ring there, Twenty pounds. 
 
 " Item, To the poor of Southminster, Twenty pounds. 
 
 " Item, To the poor of Little Uallingbury, Twenty 
 pounds.
 
 74 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 " Item, To the poor of Dunsby, in the county of 
 Lincohi, Twenty pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to Robert Wright, poulterer, of Little 
 Hallingbury, Five pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to Widow Aske, late wife of Robert 
 Aske, of London, goldsmith. Twenty pounds, which she 
 oweth me. 
 
 " Item, My will and meaning is, that there shall no 
 interest or increase for money be taken after my decease, 
 so as he or they by whom any sums are or shall be owing 
 do pay the principal debt wdthin one half-year next after 
 my decease. 
 
 " Item, I give and bequeath to the poor prisoners 
 within the prisons of Ludgate, Newgate, the two compters 
 in London, the King's Bench, and the Marshalsea, the 
 sum of Two hundred pounds, to be paid and divided 
 among the same prisoners by even and equal portions. 
 
 " Item, I give to Susan Price, at the day of her mar- 
 riage. Forty pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to one Collins, of the town of Cursal, in 
 Essex, the sum of Five pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to my good friends, Mrs. Hej^vard and 
 Mrs. Law, either of them. Ten pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to Margaret Woodhall, my god-daughter, 
 the sum of Twenty pounds. 
 
 *' Item, I give to all other my god-cliildren Five pounds 
 a-piece. 
 
 " Item, I give and bequeath to the Master and Fellows,
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 75 
 
 as the Corporation of Jesus College in Cambridge, the 
 sum of Five hundi'ed marks of lawful money of England, 
 to be employed, used, and bestowed for or in some jjer- 
 petuity, for and to the use, benefit, and behalf of the 
 said College, Master, Fellows, and Scholars, in such sort, 
 manner, and form as by the discretion of the Bishop of 
 Ely for the time being, the Vice-chancellor of Cambridge 
 for the time being, and my Executors hereafter named, or 
 the survivor or survivors of them, if they be living when 
 the bestowing of the said sum shall come in question, 
 shall be thought best and most convenient. 
 
 " Item, I give and bequeath to the Master and Fellows, 
 as the Corporation of Magdalen College in Cambridge, 
 the sum of Five hundred pounds, to be employed, used, 
 or bestowed for or in some perpetuity, for and to the use, 
 benefit, and behalf of the said College, Master, and Fel- 
 lows, and Scholars there, in such sort, manner, and form 
 as by the discretion, privity, and consent of the Vice- 
 chancellor in Cambridge for the time being, the Master 
 of Trinity College in Cambridge for the time being, and 
 the Master and Fellows of the said Magdalen College for 
 the time being, shall be thought best and most convenient. 
 
 " And I will that my great chain of gold, and all my 
 jewels of what kind soever they be, shall be sold by mine 
 Executors and Supervisors hereafter named, towards the 
 better and speedier payment of my legacies, and perform- 
 ance of this my last Will and Testament, 
 
 " And my will and meaning is, that all the legacies by
 
 76 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 me in this my Testament and last Will given and be- 
 queathed, and for the payment of much whereof there is 
 no certain time set down, shall he paid witliin two years 
 next after my decease at the furthest. 
 
 " Also, I give for and towards the building of mine 
 intended Hospital, Chapel, and School-house, the sum of 
 Five thousand pounds, if I do not live to see it performed 
 in my life-time. 
 
 " And I desire, in the name of God, my Feoffees, and 
 my Executor or Executors, within two years after my 
 decease, or sooner if they may conveniently, (if it please 
 not God I live to see and cause the same my determina- 
 tion to be performed and accomplished,) to see and cause 
 the same to be performed and accomplished. 
 
 " Also, I give the residue of the years which I shall 
 have at the time of my decease in one close called the 
 Withies, lying within the town and fields of Cottingham, 
 in the county of York, to the Mayor and Aldermen of 
 Beverley, or to the Governor of the same town and his 
 assistants for the time being, to this end and purpose ; 
 that they shall distribute, or cause to be distributed, the 
 yearly profit arising of the same over and above the 
 yearly rent payable to the King's most excellent Majesty, 
 amongst the poorest people dwelling witliin the said town 
 of Beverley. 
 
 " Also, I give to the Mayor and Aldermen of the city 
 of Lincoln for the time being all such profits and revenues 
 as shall arise and grow of the parsonage of Glentham,
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 77 
 
 within the county of Lincohi, and all the residue of the 
 years that shall remain after my decease, to this intent ; 
 that they shall distribute and bestow, or cause to be 
 distributed and bestowed, the same amongst twenty of 
 the poorest people that shall then be dwelling in the said 
 city, with the consent and privity of the Dean of the 
 Cathedral Church of Lincoln, or the Recorder of the same 
 for the time being, (they the said Mayor, Aldermen, Dean, 
 and Recorder foreseeing that the parsonage be letten for 
 their most benefit,) 
 
 " Item, I give into the treasury or storehouse of mine 
 intended Hospital, to begin their stock with, and to de- 
 fend the rights of the house. One thousand pounds of 
 lavdul English money. 
 
 " And I give to every one of my Feoffees whom I have 
 put in trust about my intended Hospital, (to whom I 
 have not given anything in this my last Will,) the sum of 
 Twenty-six pounds thirteen shillings and four pence of 
 lawful money of England. 
 
 " Item, I give to Amy Pophani, if it please God she 
 live to keep house, three feather-beds, and so many pair 
 of Holland sheets, with the bolsters to them, and so 
 many hangings of tapestry as furnish her a bed-chamber. 
 The rest of my household-stuff I will shall be sold by 
 mine Executors for the speedier payment of my legacies, 
 and performance of this my last Will. 
 
 " Item, I give to the Widow Tassell of Balsham the 
 sum of Five pounds of lawful money of England, and to
 
 78 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Thomas Lawrence the elder, of the same town, Five 
 pounds of lawful money of England. 
 
 "Item, I give and" bequeath unto the brother of Per- 
 cival Graung, my late servant, deceased, the sum of 
 Twenty pounds of like lawful money of England. 
 
 " And of this my last Will and Testament I make and 
 ordain Richard Sutton, of London, Esquire, and John 
 Law, one of the Procurators of the Arches, London, my 
 Executors ; charging them, as they will answer at the last 
 day of Judgment, that they, or one of them in the absence 
 of the other, endeavour themselves, with all earnestness 
 and diligence, to see this my Will performed according to 
 my true meaning and charitable intent. 
 
 " And I make Overseers of this my last Will and Testa- 
 ment the Reverend Father in God, George Abbot, Arch- 
 bishop of Canterbury, unto whom I give and bequeath 
 the sum of Forty marks of lawful money of England, or 
 a piece of plate of that value, at his election and choice. 
 
 " And also Launcelot Andrews, Almonizerto the King's 
 Majesty, my other Supervisor and Overseer of this my last 
 Will and Testament, unto whom I give and bequeath the 
 sum of Twenty pounds of lawful money of England, or 
 a piece of plate of that value, at his election and choice. 
 
 " Item, My will and full intent and meaning is, that 
 if any person or persons whosoever, to whom I have in 
 and by this my last Will and Testament given and be- 
 queathed any legacy, or sum or sums of money, shall 
 any ways gainsay, impugn, contradict, or impeach this
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 79 
 
 my last Will and Testament, that then all and every one 
 so impugning, contradicting, impeaching, or gainsaying 
 this my last Will and Testament, and every of their chil- 
 dren and kinsfolk to whom I have in and by this my 
 last Will and Testament given and bequeathed any legacy, 
 or sum or sums of money, shall have no part nor portion 
 of any such gift, legacy, or bequest, but shall utterly lose 
 the same, and be utterly barred thereof, as if no such 
 legacy, gift, or bequest had been given unto him, her, 
 or them by this my last Will and Testament, (anything 
 before in these presents mentioned or contained to the 
 contrary in anj^vise notwithstanding.) 
 
 " Item, I give and bequeath to Richard Sutton, one of 
 my Executors before named, the sum of One hundred 
 pounds; and to Mrs. Law, over and besides the legacy 
 before to her given, I give the sum of Forty pounds to 
 make her a gown withal. 
 
 " Item, I give to Master Hutton, the Vicar of Little- 
 bury, Twenty pounds. To the town of Camps Castle 
 where I dwell, to be distributed amongst the poor of the 
 same parish, Ten pounds. 
 
 *' Also, to the poor of the town of Elcomb, to be equally 
 distributed amongst them, the sum of Ten pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give and bequeath those my manors of Little- 
 bury and Hadstock, in the county of Essex, to the Right 
 Honourable the Lord Thomas Howard, Earl of Suffolk, 
 and to his heirs for ever, upon condition that he do well 
 and truly pay, or cause to be paid, to my Executors
 
 80 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 before named, or to the survivor of them, the sum of Ten 
 thousand pounds of lawful money of England, within one 
 year next after my decease. And if he shall refuse to 
 pay the said sum of Ten thousand pounds for the said 
 manors, then I give and bequeath the said manors of 
 Littlebury and Hadstock to my said Executors and their 
 heirs for ever. And then I will and devise that the said 
 manors of Littlebury and Hadstock shall be sold by my 
 said Executors, or the survivor of them, to the uttermost 
 price and value that they may be sold for, and the money 
 coming of the sale thereof, together with as much more 
 as shall make up the same sum the full sum of Twenty 
 thousand pounds, I will shall be employed and bestowed 
 by my said Executors, or the survivor of them, with the 
 advice of my Supervisors aforenamed, in some good works 
 and charitable uses for mine intended Hospital, and for 
 poor people, or otherwise as they in their wisdoms and 
 discretions shall think fit. 
 
 " Item, I give to Mr. Flud, parson of Newington, the 
 sum of Thirteen pounds six shillings and eightpence. 
 And to the wife of Benjamin King, of Southminster, Six 
 pounds thirteen shillings and four pence. 
 
 " Item, I give to Thomas Averell, if it shall be found 
 that he hath dealt faithfully and plainly with me in my 
 business, the sum of Ten pounds which he oweth me. 
 
 " Item, I give unto the wqfe of Mr. Ingry, of Little- 
 bury, Three pounds six shillings and eight pence. 
 
 " Item, I give to Sir Henry Hubbard, Knight, the
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSriTAL. 81 
 
 King's Majesty's Attorney-General, a piece of plate of 
 the value of Ten pounds. And to Mr. Locksmith, his 
 clerk, the sum of Ten pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to the poor of the parish of Hackney 
 Ten pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to Bridget Law the sum of Ten pounds : 
 And to the Lady Attham, daughter to Mr. Auditor Sut- 
 ton, the sum of Twenty pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to Sir Edward Phillips, Master of the 
 Rolls, a piece of plate of the value of Twenty pounds : 
 And to Sir James Attham, one of the Barons of the Ex- 
 chequer, one piece of plate of the value of Twenty 
 pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to my late wife's kinsman, Guy Godol- 
 phin, the sum of Ten pounds. 
 
 " Item, I give to the Right Honourable, my very good 
 lord, the Earl of Suffolk, the sum of Four hundred 
 pounds. 
 
 " All the rest of my goods, chattels, and debts, not 
 being given and disposed, I give and bequeath to my in- 
 tended Hospital, to be employed and bestowed on and 
 about the same, according to the discretion of the Feoffees 
 of my said Hospital, or the greater part of them. In 
 witness hereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the 
 twenty-eighth day of the month of November above writ- 
 ten, 
 
 "Thomas Sutton. 
 
 G
 
 82 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 " Memorandum, that the same Testator did acknow- 
 ledge this his Will, \\Titten and contained in these three 
 and twenty leaves, to be his last Will and Testament ;' and 
 that his hand and seal, set thereunto, is liis own hand and 
 seal ; and that he had heard it read, and was acquainted 
 with the contents of it ; the said twenty-eighth day of 
 November above written, in presence of us, 
 
 "John Law. "Leonard Houghton. 
 
 " Alexander Longworth. " Thomas Hall." 
 " ^ The mark of Richard Pearce. 
 " >J< The mark of Thomas Johnson. 
 
 " Primo Decembris, 1611, idem recognitum per Testa- 
 torem coram Jo. Crooke. 
 
 " Quarto Decembris, 1611, recognit. to be the Testa- 
 tor's last Will, 
 
 " Before me, Henry Thoresby." 
 
 Mr. Sutton being now conscious of his approaching dis- 
 solution, in his anxiety to authenticate his first testamen- 
 tary paper, caused the following codicil to be added. 
 
 " A Codicil to be annexed to the last Will and Testa- 
 ment of Thomas Sutton, Esquire, made and declared 
 the day whereon he died, being the twelfth of December, 
 One thousand six hunch'ed and eleven. 
 
 " Item, he gave and bequeathed to Mr. Judge Crooke, 
 one of the Judges of the King's Bench at Westminster,
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 83 
 
 the sum of Ten pounds : And to Mr. Henry Thoresby, 
 one of the Masters of the court of Chancery, the like sum 
 of Ten pounds : And to Mrs. Sutton, of London, widow, 
 the sum of Three pounds six shillings and eight pence, to 
 make her a ring. 
 
 " Also, he gave to Mr. Hutton, Clerk, and Vicar of 
 Littlebury, the advowson or next presentation to the 
 parsonage of Dunsby, in the county of Lincoln. 
 
 " Also, he did then publish and declare before Mr. 
 Flud, Parson of Stoke Newington, in the county of Mid- 
 dlesex, Robert Petit, Alexander Longworth, John Par- 
 sons, and Thomas Johnson, his cook, that he had made his 
 Will, and thereof had made and ordained Richard Sutton, 
 of London, Esquire, and John Law, his Executors." 
 
 The founder of our Hospital could not but be aware 
 that his earthly career was fast drawing to a close. Had 
 not death prevented him, it was his intention to preside 
 himself as first Master of his charity. On the 12th of 
 December, 1611, while residing at his mansion at Hack- 
 ney, Mr. Sutton departed this transitory life. He died, 
 as he had lived, strong in the faith of the Anglo-Catholick 
 Church, an example to succeeding generations to follow 
 in his charitable steps. In order to preserve the body till 
 the weather would permit a removal, his bowels were in- 
 terred in the parish church of Hackney, whilst his body 
 was embalmed by a skilful apothecary, who, it appears, 
 received 40/. 45, 8d. for the operation. As soon as con- 
 
 G 2
 
 84 CHRONICLES OF CnARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 venient, his body was removed to a vault in the chapel of 
 Christchui'ch, London, and was followed by six thousand 
 persons. Some conjecture may be formed as to the num- 
 ber of attendants, when we read, " that the procession 
 lasted six hours from Dr. Law's house in Paternoster Row 
 to Christchurch." After the funeral, the gentlemen and 
 attendants assembled at Stationers' Hall, where a sump- 
 tuous collation was prepared for them ; the hall being 
 strewn with nine dozen bundles of rushes, and the doors 
 hung with black cloth, to give solemnity to the scene. 
 William Camden, Clarencieux, and John Raven, Rich- 
 mond Herald, attended from the College of Arms. 
 
 The first act of Mr. Sutton's Executors after the 
 funeral was to discharge the solemn obligation imposed 
 upon them, by the execution of the wishes expressed in 
 the Founder's will with regard to his intended Hospital. 
 But they were destined to meet with a check from a 
 quarter whence it was least expected. Mr. Simon Baxter, 
 who not long before had followed as chief mourner in the 
 funeral obsequies of his cousin, now strenuously opposed 
 and gainsaid the performance of his will, and as heir-at- 
 law claimed the whole of his property. But failing in 
 his attempt to take possession of the Charter-House, 
 through the vigilance of the porter, Richard Bird, former- 
 ly servant to Sutton, he entered an action of trespass 
 against his Executors, and the Governors appointed in the 
 letters patent. ^ 
 
 Sir Francis Bacon, Solicitor-General, Mr. Gualter, of 
 the Temple, and Mr. Yelverton, of Gray's Inn, were the
 
 IIOAVARD HOUSE, AND TUE HOSPITAL. 
 
 85 
 
 counsel for the plaintiff; whilst Mr. Hubbard, Attorney- 
 General, Mr. Serjeant Hutton, and Mr. Coventry, of the 
 Inner Temple, argued for the Hospital. The following 
 are the objections of the plaintiff, and the answers to 
 them. 
 
 Objection 1. 
 
 " By the Parliament 7 Ja- 
 cob! the Hospital was founded 
 at Ilallingbury in Essex : the 
 incorporation after by the King's 
 letters patent is void, and the 
 Charter-House is not given by 
 the said statute, because Sutton 
 purchased it afterwards." 
 
 2. " Sutton, who had licence 
 to found an Hospital, before the 
 foundation died." 
 
 3. " The King cannot name 
 the House and land of Sutton 
 to be an Hospital, because in 
 alieno solo." 
 
 4. " Every Corporation ought 
 to have a place certain, but here 
 the licence is to found an Hos- 
 
 To which was answered : 
 
 1 . " The preamble of the Act, 
 whereby, and in many places of 
 the Act, it appears that tlie in- 
 corporation was to be in futuro, 
 when it shall be erected; and 
 the Statute did not give lands 
 unto it, but power to give with" 
 out licence of alienation or mort- 
 main : and it appeareth by the 
 letters patent that the erection 
 precedes the licence." 
 
 2. " The licence is to him, 
 his heirs, executors, at any time 
 hereafter ; and the words of the 
 incorporation are in the present, 
 and so the incorporation pre- 
 cedes the execution of this li- 
 cence." 
 
 3. " Though the King gave 
 the name, yet it was upon Sut- 
 ton's previous consent, for the 
 King did it at his suit." 
 
 4. " The King makes an Hos- 
 pital of the premises, for that it 
 is certain ; and to that which
 
 86 
 
 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 pital in or at the Charter-House ; 
 before that Sutton made it cer- 
 tain, there was no incorpora- 
 tion : Also the place of incor- 
 poration ought to be certain, by 
 means and bounds, and a place 
 not known will not serve." 
 
 5. "■ The King intended to 
 make a Corporation presently, 
 which cannot be before that 
 Sutton name a Master : Gover- 
 nors cannot be until there be 
 poor in the Hospital." 
 
 6. " The foundation cannot 
 be with the words Fundo, Erigo, 
 &c. ; and before such a founda- 
 tion, a stranger cannot give 
 lands unto it." 
 
 was said, a place uncertain can- 
 not be an Hospital, it was an- 
 swered, The Charter-House was 
 named. To the essence of a 
 Corporation these things are re- 
 quisite. " 
 
 1. "Lawful authority to in- 
 corporate by common law ; 
 as, the King himself, by 
 lawful authority of Parlia- 
 ment, by the King's char- 
 ter, and lawful prescription. 
 'Z. " The persons, either Na- 
 tural or Political. 
 
 3. " A name. 
 
 4. "A place. 
 
 5. " Words sufficient, but not 
 restrained to a strict sense." 
 
 5. "A Corporation may be 
 without a head ; as, if the King 
 incorporate a town, and give 
 power for the choice of a 
 Mayor, they are a Corporation 
 before election." 
 
 6. " It is a sufficient Corpo- 
 ration, though the Hospital be 
 but in potentia ; for the Temple 
 was a Corporation in the time 
 of Henry the First, and yet was 
 not built till Henry the Second's 
 time : But here the House was 
 built before."
 
 IIOAVARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 
 
 87 
 
 7. "Sutton calls it, in his 
 Will, his intended Hospital." 
 
 8. " The Master was named 
 at will, when he ought to be for 
 life, and have freehold in the 
 land : Also the Hospital must 
 be founded before a Master be 
 named." 
 
 9. " The bargain and sale 
 made by Sutton is void : 
 
 1. " Because the money paid 
 by the Governors in their 
 private capacities shall not 
 be considered as in their 
 publick capacities. 
 
 2. " The habendum is to 
 them upon trust, which 
 cannot be in a Corporation. 
 
 3. " Because no Hospital be- 
 fore was founded as this." 
 
 10. '' The King cannot make 
 Governors of a thing not in 
 being." 
 
 7. " The first Founder in law 
 is donor, when the King gives 
 the name, and designeth the 
 place ; the donation most pro- 
 perly belongs to the Founder : 
 But if the King leaveth out the 
 nomination of the party, there 
 many times (though not of ne- 
 cessity) he useth the words 
 Fundo, Erigo, &c. But in truth 
 the Corporation is made by the 
 King's Charter, and the Founder 
 is but an instrument." 
 
 9. " The money paid by some 
 of the Governors in their private 
 capacity is good : but the pay- 
 ment was as Governors, and so 
 they are acquitted : 
 
 2. '' A rent Avas reserved, 
 which was a good consider- 
 ation : 
 ,'3. " A bargain and sale was 
 to be upon confidence and 
 trust." 
 
 1 0. " They may plead that 
 they are seized in fore, although 
 then it be not in esse ; in an- 
 swer to precedents, some are 
 explanatory, and some negatory, 
 ex consuetudine clericorum."
 
 88 CURONICLES OF CHARTER-UOUSE. 
 
 The case, however, was not decided in this Coui't, but 
 an adjournment was made to the Exchequer Chamber, 
 where it was solemnly argued by all the Judges of the 
 land, except Sir Thomas Fleming, Lord Chief Justice of 
 the King's Bench, who was indisposed, and consequently 
 not able to attend. Through the arguments of Sir Ed- 
 ward Coke it was judged, to the great joy of all that 
 heard it, for the defendants, the Executors, Governors, 
 &c. Notwithstanding the clause in Sutton's Will by 
 which he ordained that any person or persons to whom 
 he had given and bequeathed any legacy, or sum or sums 
 of money, that should gainsay, impugn, or contradict Iris 
 last Will and Testament, should utterly lose the same," 
 the plaintiff, Mr. Baxter, who had surely transgressed this 
 item, "had allotted to him the manor of Turback, in Lan- 
 cashire, consisting of a dwelling-house, two parks, and 
 large demesne lands, plentifully stored with timber, valued 
 at 350/. per annum rent of assize, together with a rec- 
 tory worth 100/. per annum, in the same county, and 
 300/. by will." 
 
 But there was still another inimical to this godly 
 design. The following letter from Sir Francis Bacon to 
 the King will show his sentiments on the subject : 
 
 " May it please your Majesty, 
 
 " I find it a positive precept in the old law, that 
 there should be no sacrifice without salt : the moral 
 whereof (besides the ceremony) may be, that God is not
 
 UOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 89 
 
 pleased with the body of a good intention, except it be 
 seasoned witli that spiritual wisdom and judgment as it 
 be not etisily subject to be corrupted and perverted ; for 
 salt in the Scripture is both a figm'e of wisdom, and 
 lasting. This cometh into my mind upon this act of Mr. 
 Sutton, which seemeth to me as a sacrifice without salt ; 
 having the materials of a good intention, but not pow- 
 dered with any such ordinances and institutions as may 
 preserve the same from turning corrupt ; or at least from 
 becoming unsavomy, and of little use. For though the 
 choice of the Feoffees be of the best, yet neither can they 
 always live ; and the very nature of the work itself, in 
 the vast and unfit proportion thereof is apt to provoke 
 a mis-employment : it is no diligence of theirs (except 
 there be a digression from that model) that can excuse 
 it from running the same way that gifts of the like con- 
 dition have heretofore done. For to design the Charter- 
 House, a building fit for a prince's habitation, for an Hos- 
 pital, is all one as if one should give in alms a rich em- 
 broidered cloak to a beggar. And certainly a man may 
 see, tanquam quae oculis cernuntur, that if sucli an edi- 
 fice, with six thousand pounds' revenue, be erected into 
 one Hospital, it will in a small time degenerate to be 
 made a preferment of some great person to be Master, 
 and he to take all the sweet, and the poor to be stinted, 
 and take but the crumbs ; as it comes to pass in divers 
 Hospitals of this realm, which have but the names of Hos- 
 pitals, and are but wealthy benefices in respect of the
 
 00 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Mastership ; but the poor, which is the propter quid, little 
 j-elieved. And the like hath been the fortune of much 
 of the alms of the Roman religion in the great founda- 
 tions, which, being begun in vain-glory and ostentation, 
 have had their judgment upon them to end in corruption 
 and abuse. This meditation hath made me presume to 
 write these few lines to your Majesty, being no better 
 than good wishes, which your Majesty's great ^visdom may 
 make something, or nothing of. 
 
 " Wlierein I desire to be thus understood, that if this 
 foundation (such as it is) be perfect and good in law, then 
 
 1 am too well acquainted with your Majesty's disposition 
 to advise any course of power or profit which is not 
 grounded upon a right. 
 
 " Nay further, if the defects be such as a Court of 
 Equity may remedy and cure, then I wish that, as St. 
 Peter's shadow did cure diseases, so the very shadow of 
 a good intention may cure the defects of that nature. 
 But if there be a right and birthright planted in the heir, 
 and not remediable by Courts of Equity, and that right 
 be submitted to your Majesty, whereby it is both in your 
 power and grace what to do ; then do I wish that this 
 rude mass and chaos of a good deed were directed rather 
 to a solid merit and durable charity, than to a blaze o 
 glory, that will but crackle a little in talk, and quickly 
 extinguish. And this may be done, observing the species 
 of Mr. Sutton's intent, though varying in individuo ; for 
 it appears that he had in notion a triple good, an Hospital'
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. f)l 
 
 a School, and maintaining of a Preacher ; which individuals 
 refer to these three general heads, relief of the poor, ad- 
 vancement of learning, and propagation of religion. Now 
 then, if I set before your Majesty, in every of these three 
 kinds, what it is that is most wanting in your kingdom, 
 and what is like to be the most fruitful and effectual use 
 of such a beneficence, and least like to be perverted ; that, 
 I think, shall be no ill scope of my labour, how meanly 
 soever performed ; for, out of variety represented, election 
 may be best grounded. 
 
 *' Concerning the relief of the poor ; I hold, some num- 
 ber of Hospitals, with competent endowments, will do far 
 more good than one Hospital of an exorbitant greatness ; 
 for though the one course will be more seen, yet the other 
 will be more felt : for if your Majesty erect many, be- 
 sides the observing of the ordinary maxim, Bonum, quo 
 communius, eo melius, choice may be made of those towns 
 and places where there is most need ; and so the remedy 
 may be distributed, as the disease is dispersed. Again, 
 greatness of relief accumulated in one place doth rather 
 invite a swarm and suixharge of poor, than relieve those 
 that are naturally bred in that place ; like to ill-tempered 
 medicines, that draw more humour to the part than they 
 evacuate from it : but chiefly I rely upon the reason I 
 touched in the beginning, that in these great Hospitals 
 the revenues will ckaw the use, and not the use the reve- 
 nues ; and so through the mass of wealth they will swiftly 
 tumble down in a mis-employment. And if any man
 
 92 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 say, that in the two Hospitals in London there is a pre- 
 cedent of greatness concurring with good employment ; 
 let liim consider, that those Hospitals have annual Go- 
 vernors ; that they are under the superior care and policy 
 of such a state as the City of London ; and chiefly, that 
 their revenues consist not in certainties, but in casualties 
 and free gifts, which gifts would be withheld if they 
 appeared once to be perverted ; so as it keepeth them 
 in a continual goodbehaviour and awe to employ them 
 aright : none of which points do match with the present 
 case. 
 
 *' The next consideration may be, whether this intend- 
 ed Hospital, as it hath a more ample endowment than 
 other Hospitals have, should not likewise work upon a 
 better subject than other poor; as that it should be con- 
 verted to the relief of maimed soldiers, decayed merchants, 
 householders, aged and destitute churchmen, and the like ; 
 whose condition being of a better sort than loose people 
 and beggars, deserveth both a more liberal stipend and 
 allowance, and some proper place of relief not intermingled 
 or coupled with the basest sort of poor. Which project, 
 though specious, yet in my judgment will not answer 
 the design in the event, in these our times ; for certainly 
 few men in any vocation, who have been somebody, and 
 bear a mind somewhat according to conscience, and re- 
 membrance of that they have been, will ever condescend 
 to that condition as to profess to live upon alms, and 
 to become a corporation of declared beggars ; but rather
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND TUE HOSPITAL. 93 
 
 will choose to live obscurely, and, as it were, to hide 
 themselves with some private friends : so that the end 
 of such an institution will be, that it will make the place 
 a receptacle of the worst, idlest, and most dissolute per- 
 sons of every profession, and to become a cell of loiterers, 
 cast serving-men, and drunkards, with scandal rather than 
 fruit to the Commonwealth. And of this kind I can 
 find but one example with us, which is the Alms Knights 
 of Windsor, which particular would give a man small 
 encouragement to follow that precedent. 
 
 " Therefore the best effects of Hospitals is, to make 
 the kingdom, if it were possible, capable of that law, 
 that there be no beggar in Israel : for it is that kind 
 of people that is a burden, an eye-sore, a scandal, and a 
 seed of peril and tumult in the state. But chiefly it were 
 to be wished that such a beneficence towards the relief 
 of the poor were so bestowed as not only the mere and 
 naked poor should be sustained, but also that the honest 
 person, which maketh hard means to live, upon whom 
 the poor are now charged, should be in some sort relieved : 
 for that were a work generally acceptable to the king- 
 dom, if the publick hand of alms might SjDare the private 
 hand of tax. And therefore, of all other employments of 
 that kind, I commend most Houses of Relief and Cor- 
 rection ; which are mixed Hospitals, where the impotent 
 person is relieved, and the sturdy beggar buckled to work ; 
 and the unable person also not maintained to be idle, 
 (which is ever joined with drunkenness and impurity,)
 
 94 CURONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 but is sorted with such work as he can manage and per- 
 form ; and when the uses are not distinguished, as in other 
 Hospitals, whereof some are for aged and impotent, some 
 for children, and some for correction and vagabonds, but 
 are general and promiscuous ; so that they may take off 
 poor of every sort from the country, as the country breeds 
 them. And thus the poor themselves shall find the pro- 
 vision, and other people the sweetness of the abatement 
 of the tax. 
 
 " Now, if it be objected that Houses of Correction 
 in all places have not done the good expected, as it can- 
 not be denied but in most places they have done much 
 good ; so it must be remembered that there is a great 
 difference between that which is done by the distracted 
 government of Justices of Peace, and that which may be 
 done by a settled ordinance, subject to a regular visita- 
 tion, as this may be : and besides the want hath been 
 commonly in Houses of Correction of a competent and 
 certain stock for the materials of labour, which in this 
 case may be likewise supplied. 
 
 " Concerning the advancement of learning, I do sub- 
 scribe to the opinion of one of the wisest and greatest 
 men of your kingdom, that, for grammar schools, there are 
 already too many, and therefore no providence to add 
 where there is excess. For the great numbers of schools 
 which are in your Highness's realm doth cause a want, 
 and likewise an overthrow ; both of them inconvenient, 
 and one of them dangerous ; for by means thereof they
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 95 
 
 find want in the country and towns, both of servants for 
 husbandry, and apprentices for trade ; and, on the other 
 side, there being more scholars bred than the state can 
 prefer and employ, and the active part of that life not 
 bearing a proportion to the preparative, it must needs fall 
 out that many persons will be bred unfit for other voca- 
 tions, and unjjrofitable for that in which they were bred 
 up, which fills the realm full of indigent, idle, and wanton 
 people, which are but materia rerum novarum. 
 
 " Therefore, in this point, I wish Mr. Sutton's intention 
 were exalted a degree, that that which he meant for 
 teachers of childi'en, your Majesty should make for teachers 
 of men. Wherein it hath been my ancient opinion and 
 observation, that in the Universities of this realm (which 
 I take to be the best endowed in Eiu'ope) there is no- 
 thing more wanting towards the flourishing state of learn- 
 ing than the honourable and plentiful salaries of readers in 
 arts and professions ; in which point, as your Majesty's 
 bounty ak*eady hath made a beginning, so this occasion is 
 offered of God to make a proceeding. Surely, readers in 
 the chair are as parents in sciences, and deserve to enjoy 
 a condition not inferior to their children, who embrace 
 the practical part, else no man will sit longer in the chair 
 than till he can walk to a better preferment : and it will 
 come to pass as Virgil saith, 
 
 ' Et patrum invalidi referent jcjunia nati.' 
 " For if the principal readers, through the meanness of 
 their entertainment, be but men of superficial learning,
 
 96 cnRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 and that they shall take their places but in passage, it will 
 make the mass of sciences want the chief and solid dimen- 
 sion, which is depth, and to become but pretty and com- 
 pendious habits of practice. Therefore I could wish, that, 
 in both the Universities, the lectures, as well as the three 
 professions. Divinity, Law, and Physick, as of the three 
 heads of science. Philosophy, Arts of Speech, and the 
 Mathematicks, were raised to 100/. per annum a-piece ; 
 which, though it be not near so great as they are in some 
 other places, where the greatness of the reward doth 
 whistle for the ablest men out of all foreign parts to sup- 
 ply the chair ; yet it may be a portion to content a worthy 
 and able man, if he be likewise contemplative in nature, 
 as those spirits are that are fittest for lectures. Thus may 
 learning in your kingdom be advanced to a further height ; 
 learning, (I say) which, under your Majesty, the most 
 learned of Kings, may claim some degree of elevation. 
 
 " Concerning projoagation of religion, I shall in few 
 words set before your Majesty three propositions, none of 
 them devices of my own, otherwise than that I ever ap- 
 proved of them ; two of which have been in agitation of 
 speech, and the third acted. 
 
 " The first is a College for controversies, whereby we 
 shall not still proceed single, but shall, as it were, double 
 our files, which certainly will be found in the encounter. 
 
 " The second is a receipt (I like not the word Seminary, 
 in respect of the vain vows, and implicit obedience, and 
 other things tending to the perturbation of states involved
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 97 
 
 in that term) for converts to the reformed religion, either 
 of youth, or otherwise : For I douht not, hut there are in 
 Spain, Italy, and other countries of the papists, many 
 whose hearts are touched with a sense of those corruptions, 
 and an acknowledgment of a better way ; which grace is 
 many times smothered and choked, through a worldly 
 consideration of necessity and want ; men not knowing 
 where to have succour and refuge : This likewise I hold 
 a work of great piety, and of great consequence ; that we 
 also may be wise in our generation, and that the watchful 
 and silent night may be used as well for sowing good seed, 
 as of tares. 
 
 " The third is, the imitation of a memorable and reli- 
 gious act of Queen Elizabeth, who, finding a part of 
 Lancashire to be extremely backward in religion, and the 
 benefices swallowed up in impropriations, did by decree 
 in the dutchy, erect four stipends of 100/. per annum 
 a-piece for preachers, well chosen to help the harvest, who 
 have done a great deal of good in the parts they have 
 laboured : neither do there want other corners in the 
 realm, that would require for a time the like extraordi- 
 nary help. 
 
 " Thus have I briefly delivered unto your Majesty my 
 opinion touching the employment of this charity, whereby 
 that mass of wealth, which was in the owner little better 
 than a stack or heap of muck, may be spread over your 
 kingdom, to many fruitful purposes, your Majesty plant- 
 ing and watering, and God giving the increase." 
 
 H
 
 98 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 This was Sir Francis Bacon's recommendation ; his 
 reason for such advice being simply that he was not 
 himself included by Sutton in the list of Governors. King 
 James did not wholly follow his advice ; but a short time 
 after, the Governors received a polite intimation that his 
 Majesty would graciously accept a donation of ten thou- 
 sand pounds towards the repairing of Berwick Bridge, 
 upon the river of Tweed. This, of course, they were 
 obliged tacitly to yield, and for that purpose met at the 
 Charter-House, on the 30th of July, 1613. They were 
 the same named in the Letters Patent by Sutton himself, 
 except the Earl of Northampton and Mr. Baron Altham, 
 who had been elected in the place of the Earl of Salisbury 
 and Mr. Justice Forster, deceased. 
 
 The hospital now having outweathered the storm, the 
 Governors assembled on the 3rd of May, 1614, to nominate 
 the respective officers. The following were then appointed. 
 
 The Reverend Andrew Perue, M.A., Master, in the 
 place of the Reverend John Hutton, resigned. 
 
 The Reverend Humphrey Hartness, M.A., Preacher. 
 
 Mr. Nicholas Grey, Schoolmaster. 
 
 Mr. Henry Bagley, Usher. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Barker, Physician. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Hayward, Registrar. 
 
 Mr. Francis Smith, Receiver. 
 
 Mr. John Wotton, Auditor. 
 
 Mr. John Postan, Reader, or Chapel Clerk, and 
 
 Mr. John Mochet, Manciple.
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 99 
 
 It was resolved that the members of the Hospital should 
 enter their respective situations on the Michaelmas Day 
 following. 
 
 Mr. Sutton's tomb in the chapel of Charter-House was 
 now completed, and preparations were consequently made 
 for a removal of his body thither. The corpse was carried 
 by torch light on the shoulders of those pensioners wlio 
 had already shared his bounty : a funeral oration was pro- 
 nounced, and the body was lowered into its final resting- 
 place, there to wait till summoned by the trumpet of the 
 archangel, to appear with the rest of mankind, before the 
 tribunal of Christ. 
 
 At an assembly of governors held June 21st, 1627, the 
 following resolutions were made, and obtained the. royal 
 signature. Many of these observances continue in force 
 at the present day. 
 
 " Charter-House. 
 
 " The Hospital of King James, founded in Charter- 
 House in the County of Middlesex, at the humble petition 
 and only costs and charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire, 
 this style shall be inviolably observed and expressed in the 
 same formal words upon all evidences, conveyances, leases, 
 and writings of records. 
 
 " There shall be an anniversary commemoration of the 
 Founder kept every twelfth day of December, with solemn 
 service, a sermon, and such increase of commons as we 
 allow upon other festival days by our establishment here- 
 after ensuing. 
 
 H 2
 
 100 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 " The Governors jointly taken make the head of this 
 body corporate; The poor Brothers and Scholars, and 
 such officers as are mentioned only in the King's Letters 
 patent, shall be styled members of the foundation, and 
 shall be chosen within two months after the vacancy, 
 according to the express words of the Letters patent. 
 
 " All other officers of the revenue or household, not 
 particularly mentioned in the letters patent aforesaid, 
 shall be accepted, reputed and taken as members of arbi- 
 trary election, and it shall be in the Governor's power 
 to make their number more or less, and to choose them 
 sooner or later, as to their wisdoms shall seem best for 
 the good of the Hospital. 
 
 " No member of the foundation, or of arbitrary elec- 
 tion, that is lodged in the House, shall be a married man, 
 either at the time of his admission, or after ; and if he 
 be, he shall be deprived of his place, and of all fees and 
 profits thereto belonging (except Dr. Wright, the present 
 Physician, and John Clarke, the present Receiver, and 
 John Wotton, the present Auditor). 
 
 " The disproportioned and improper titles for an Hos- 
 pital, of an Attorney-General, Surveyor-General, Receiver- 
 General, and Steward of the House and Household, shall 
 quite be abolished, and those officers shall upon all writ- 
 ings and accompts be styled as hereafter foUoweth in these 
 our ordinances. 
 
 " All possible care shall be taken, and diligence used, 
 to obtain an Act at the next Parliament, for the con-
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 101 
 
 firmation of the Foundation of King James's Hospital, 
 founded in Charter-House in the county of Middlesex, 
 at the humble petition and only costs and charges of 
 Thomas Sutton, Esquire : And this care and diligence 
 is imposed upon the Master and Solicitor, as they will 
 answer the contrary at theu* peril. 
 
 " The common seal shall be kept in the Evidence- 
 House, and under four keys, to remain in their custody 
 that now have them, till the Governors dispose thereof 
 otherwise : And then the same to be kept as shall be 
 directed; provided always that the Master of the Hos- 
 pital for the time being shall have the keeping of one 
 key. 
 
 " The Statutes and ordinances for the good govern- 
 ment of the Hospital, concluded upon by the Governors, 
 and ratified by the common seal, shall be fairly and twice 
 engrossed in parchment, whereof the original, with the 
 common seal affixed, shall be safely kept in the Evidence- 
 House, and the other, being a true copy, shall be fairly 
 bound up in a book, to remain in the Master's custody, 
 and to be brought to the table at every assembly. 
 
 " The keys of the Evidence-House shall be in their 
 custody who noAv keep them, till the Governors dispose 
 otherwise thereof, and then shall remain according to such 
 disposition ; provided always that the Master for the time 
 being shall keep one : And no writings shall be delivered 
 out to the Solicitor, but with a note of the particulars 
 registered in a book under the Master's hand, and a note
 
 102 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 taken under his hand that receives them for the re- 
 delivery. 
 
 " There shall be a Ledger-book, fairly written in parch- 
 ment, wherein shall be entered the true copy of all the 
 deeds, evidences, surveys old and new, counterparts of 
 leases old and new, bonds, orders, decrees, and all other 
 writings touching the Hospital lands, and the same shall 
 be ranged in their proper classes of every several manor, 
 township, or other place. 
 
 " There shall be two iron chests, one in the Receiver's 
 custody for keeping the Hospital revenues, whereof he 
 shall give account quarterly to the Master: another wdth 
 three several locks and keys, two in the custody of the 
 Master and Receiver, and the third in the custody of 
 whom the Governors shall please ; to abide always in the 
 E\ddence-house, for keeping the surplus remaining at the 
 year's end, whereof the Receiver shall be accomptant by 
 a fair declaration, examined and engrossed in parchment 
 by the Auditor, and signed with their three hands, and 
 then safely laid up in the Evidence-house. 
 
 " There shall be two other copies of the said declara- 
 tion fairly written and signed by the Master, Receiver, 
 and Auditoi', whereof the Auditor shall keep one to 
 justify the accompt, and the Receiver another for his full 
 discharge, which shall be as good, lawful, and sufficient 
 acquittance and discharge, as if the same were sealed with 
 our common seal. 
 
 "In time of a general visitation or dangerous mor-
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 103 
 
 tality by the plague, the Master, mth the consent ol' i'uur 
 of the Governors, or more, shall dissolve the House in 
 this manner: The officers, servants, and poor brothers 
 that are able to travel, he shall dismiss for such fitting- 
 time, not exceeding half a year, as he shall think con- 
 venient, with their full allowance of diet and wages paid 
 in hand; and if the danger continue, the advance of 
 tillowance shall be continued. The impotent and unable, 
 by sickness or age, he shall leave under the care and 
 charge of the Manciple, or his sufficient deputy, with two 
 elder grooms to make provisions, and three old women 
 lodged in the House, during the time, to attend them. 
 Such Scholars as have parents or near friends able to 
 receive and maintain them, shall be carefully sent home 
 at the charge of the House to be kept, and sent back 
 at their friends' charge when the danger is past, the times 
 free, and the House open. As for those that are des- 
 titute of friends or means, they shall be sent out and 
 maintained by the Hospital. For all which disbursements 
 the Receiver shall impress money to the Manciple by 
 warrant from the Master under his hand. 
 
 " The Hospital shall be sufficiently furnished with 
 buckets, fire-hoops, ladders, ropes, and other necessary 
 implements, against any casualty by fire, either in Charter- 
 House or precincts thereof. 
 
 " What other orders soever the Governors, or the 
 major part of them, shall make at an assembly for the 
 good of the Hospital, and sign them with their own hands
 
 104 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 in the Assembly book, shall stand in as • full force and 
 power as if they had been inserted with these, and ra- 
 tified with the common seal. 
 
 " All other things ordered and enacted by the King's 
 Letters patent for the confirmation of the foundation of 
 the Hospital of King James, founded in Charter-House, 
 in the county of Middlesex, at the humble petition and 
 only costs and charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire ; as 
 also all other orders and decrees of this instrument, ra- 
 tified by our common seal, shall be inevitably kept and 
 observed." 
 
 The Governors of the Hosj)ital had in these resolutions 
 well fulfilled the injunctions of the founder in every 
 particular. They had overcome innumerable obstacles 
 which had been set before them, and even when they 
 considered themselves firmly established, they had met 
 with another check as formidable as any of the former. 
 King James, at the instigation of the royal favourite, 
 Buckingham, was induced to demand the Charter-House 
 revenues for the payment of the army. Sir Edward Coke, 
 who had on a former occasion been instrumental in de- 
 feating the arguments of Mr. Baxter's counsel, now stood 
 forward, and successfully resisted the royal aggression. 
 
 Thus were the wishes of Sutton carried out, and his 
 Hospital founded. 
 
 " The imitation of things that be evil doth for the most 
 part exceed the example, but the imitation of good things
 
 HOWARD HOUSE, AND THE HOSPITAL. 105 
 
 doth most commonly come far short of the precedent ; but 
 this work of charity hath exceeded any foundation that 
 ever was in the Christian workl, nay the eye of time 
 itself did never see the like. The foundation of this Hos- 
 pital is opus sine exemplo."
 
 106 
 
 CHAPTER TIL 
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 
 
 " Yet lot the liaiul of desolating time 
 These sinking towers and mouldering walls revere, 
 For not with useless pride they rose suhlime, 
 For Science stored iier choicest treasm*es there." 
 
 Of the officers of the Charter-House, the principal are 
 the Governors, who, selected from amongst those who 
 administer the Government, are appointed to regulate its 
 affairs. They are in number nineteen, inclusive of the 
 Master, who is a Governor by virtue of his office. They 
 consist at present of the following : 
 
 The Queen. 
 
 The Queen Dowager. 
 
 The Prince Albert. 
 
 Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 
 The Lord Chancellor. 
 
 Archbishop of York. 
 
 Duke of Buccleuch and Queensberry. 
 
 Duke of Wellington. 
 
 Earl of Devon.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 107 
 
 Earl of Liverpool. 
 
 Earl of Harkowby. 
 
 Earl Howe. 
 
 Earl of Ripon. 
 
 Viscount Melbournk. 
 
 Bishop of London. 
 
 Lord Lyndhurst. 
 
 Lord John Russell. 
 
 Sir Robert Peel, Bart. 
 
 The Master. — Archdeacon Hale, B.D. 
 
 We extract from Heme's " Domus Cartliusiana " the 
 following rules, which, with many others of a like cha- 
 racter, hardly of interest enough to transfer, are still 
 essential regulations : — 
 
 " There shall be two set and certain Assemblies, one in 
 December, to take the year's accompt, view the state of 
 the Hospital, and determine and order any business oc- 
 curring : The other in June or July, to dispose of the 
 scholars to the universities or trades, to make election 
 both of poor men and poor scholars into places vacant, 
 as also to determine and order any other business. 
 
 " If the major part of the Governours meet at an assem- 
 bly, and the greater part of them present determine and give 
 order for any thing propounded, then that Assembly shall 
 stand good, and those orders shall be in force, otherwise 
 not : And also all elections and expulsions made at such 
 a full assembly shall stand good, otherwise they shall be
 
 108 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 held unlawful, and it shall be the Master's duty to dis- 
 avow them till the Governor's pleasure he further known 
 the next Assembly. 
 
 " All grants, leases, and presentations, and all elections 
 of all Officers mentioned in the Charter-House, and like- 
 wise of the register, receiver, auditor, chappel-clerk, or- 
 ganist, and manciple, as also of all poor men and poor 
 scholars, shall be in the power of the Governors only, and 
 they shall not elect above eighteen poor men, or eighteen 
 poor scholars, at any one assembly. 
 
 " No patent or fee shall be granted for life to any 
 officer whatsoever, but durante beneplacito. 
 
 " No poor man or poor scholar shall be admitted but 
 into the next place after him that is or shall be pre-elected, 
 and they shall not come one over the other's head, any 
 powerful means or importunity to the contrary notwith- 
 standing. 
 
 " The orders and constitutions of every Assembly shall 
 be ingrossed in the Assembly-book by the Register, and 
 signed by the Governors present at that Assembly within 
 forty days : all which orders and constitutions the Master, 
 Register, and other Members, Officers, Ministers, and 
 Servants of the House, whom it may concern, shall observe 
 and obey, as they will answer the contrary at their peril. 
 
 *' Other Assemblies shall be accidentary, upon the 
 occasion of the death or resignation of a Governor, Officer 
 of the Foundation, or Incumbent upon any spiritual living 
 being of the patronage of the Hospital, to elect or present
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 109 
 
 another in his place, wherein it is provided that the spirit- 
 ual livings be conferred upon persons capable, and such as 
 do, or have done actual service to the House, or have been 
 Members thereof, before any others. 
 
 " A Committee of five at the least shall be chosen for 
 the vv^hole year at the Assembly in December, whereof any 
 three, the Master being one, may proceed in any business 
 left to the Committees : And they shall yearly, between 
 Easter and Midsummer, assisted with some learned men, 
 make a Visitation of the School, and certify the table 
 at the Assembly following of the state thereof, and which 
 scholars, between the age of sixteen and eighteen, are 
 fit to be preferred to the Universities, and there main- 
 tained by the Hospital, which not. 
 
 " Those scholars sent to the Universities, if they con- 
 tinue there and follow their studies, shall be allowed each 
 of them sixteen pounds yearly pension, at the four usual 
 feasts, by even and equal portions, for eight years : but in 
 case they discontinue sooner, their pension shall cease ; 
 provided always they shall not exceed the number of four- 
 and-twenty such pensioners at any one time. 
 
 " Such as are to be bound Apprentices, shall have 
 sixteen pounds a-piece in gift towards their setting out, 
 whereof four marks shall be to apparel the Apprentice, 
 and twenty marks to his Master, which money, both for 
 maintenance at the Universities, and putting out to trades, 
 shall be disbiu'sed by the surviving Executor of the 
 Founder, during his life, and after by such as the Govern-
 
 no CHRONICLES OF CHARTEE-HOUSE. 
 
 ors shall appoint in tliat behalf; provided that the trades- 
 man shall first enter into thirty pounds bond to the 
 Governors for good usage of the Apprentice, and teaching 
 him his trade. 
 
 " Such scholars as the Governors at an Assembly shall 
 appoint to Universities or trades, with the allowance be- 
 fore specified, their parents or nearest friends that are 
 able, shall be sent unto to provide them of places accord- 
 ingly, before Michaelmas-day then next following, and if 
 they shall fail therein, upon lawful warning given them, 
 then those scholars shall be dismissed, and made uncapable 
 of any allowance in or from the Hospital : concerning such 
 scholars whose parents or friends are unable, the House 
 shall provide places for them. 
 
 " Lastly, the said Committees shall take in their con- 
 sideration all business of importance referred unto them 
 by the Governors at an Assembly ; as also all such things 
 as the Master of the Hospital shall conununicate unto 
 them for their advice and assistance, to digest and prepare 
 them, that they may be presented in writing to the 
 Solicitor, and propounded at the next meeting of the 
 Governors." 
 
 THE MASTER. 
 
 " Election shall be made of a Master that is a learned, 
 discreet, and meet man, according to the express words 
 of the Foundation, umnarried, and aged above forty 
 years.
 
 CIIARTER-ITOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. Ill 
 
 " He shall neither have, nor accept of any place of 
 preferment or benefit, either in Church or Commonwealth, 
 whereby he may be di'awn from his residence, care, and 
 charge of the Hospital ; and if he do, in such case, he 
 shall leave that place, or be displaced if he refuse to leave 
 it. 
 
 " He shall have the economical government of the 
 house and household, during the Governor's pleasvu'e, and 
 to put upon any Officer a mulct, not exceeding the value 
 of a week or fortnight's commons, which shall be con- 
 tinued, unless the Governors or the next Assembly, shall 
 see cause, and give order to the contrary : and also to 
 fine any poor brother at four shillings fourpence, or eight 
 shillings eightpence, upon any misdemeanour, in his dis- 
 cretion deserving the same, any further punishment he 
 shall not inflict ; but, upon continuance of their trans- 
 gression and incorrigibility, he shall inform the Governors 
 at the next assembly, by them to be more severely and 
 condignly chastised by way of mulct, expulsion, or other- 
 wise, as to their wisdoms shall seem best and most just for 
 the offender's correction, and terror of others. 
 
 " All other inferior servants of the household shall 
 be put in or out at the discretion of the Master, but 
 he shall have this power in subordination to the Govern- 
 ors, and his actions shall be alterable by their censure 
 and revocation upon just cause of complaint. 
 
 " He shall not increase or decrease any diets, stipends, 
 fees, or wages, in the House or School, under or above
 
 112 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-nOUSE. 
 
 the rates set down in our establishment hereafter ensuing, 
 as he will answer the contrary upon pain of paying the 
 surcharge himself, and incurring the Governor's displea- 
 sure in case any allowance be shortened." * 
 
 The office of Master of the Hospital is now filled by 
 The Venerable William Hale Hale, B. D., Archdeacon of 
 London. 
 
 LIST OF MASTERS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 The Reverend John Hutton, M.A., who resigned upon 
 being presented to the Vicarage of Dunsby, Lincolnshire. 
 1G14. Andrew Perne, A.M. 
 1615. Peter Hooker, B.D. 
 1G17. Francis Beaumont, Esquire, appointed 
 
 by the King. 
 1G24. Sir Robert Dalhngton, A. M. 
 1637. George Garrard, M. A. 
 1650. Edward Cressett, Esquire. 
 1660. Sir Ralph Sydenham. 
 1671. Martin Clifford, Esquire. 
 1677. William Erskine, Esquire. 
 1685. Thomas Burnett, M. A. 
 1715. John King, D.D. 
 1737. Nicholas Mann, Esquire. 
 1753. Philip Bearcroft, D.D. 
 1761. Samuel Salter, D.D. 
 * Heine.
 
 CHARTER-PIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 113 
 
 1778. William Ramsden, D.D. 
 
 1804. Philip Fisher,' D.D. 
 
 1842. The Venerable Ai'chdeacon Hale, M.A. 
 
 THE PREACHER. 
 
 " He shall be qualified, both for his learning and good 
 conversation of life, to be callable and fit for the place, 
 aged about thirty years, a Master of Arts of seven years' 
 standing at the least, and one that hath been a preaching 
 Minister the space of four years or more. 
 
 " The first and chiefest care and charge that we im- 
 pose upon the Master and him is, for the service of God, 
 that they, and all the Officers, poor Brothers, Scholars, 
 and Servants of the Household, frequent the chappel 
 daily at the accustomed time of di\ine service : the like 
 shall be observed by the Schoolmaster, Usher, and poor 
 Scholars of the Foundation, upon every Sunday, Holyday, 
 and Vigil in the afternoon ; and that there be a sermon 
 every Sunday at morning prayer, either by him the said 
 Preacher, or some other deputed by him. 
 
 " The Master and Preacher shall have in care and 
 charge to see that the whole Household, and those of the 
 School of the age of sixteen years and upwards, shall 
 receive the Blessed Sacrament yearly at the thi-ee so- 
 lemn feasts of Christmas, Easter, and Whitsuntide, unless 
 they be satisfied by some lawful excuse and just cause 
 of their failing ; otherwise the party denying or delaying 
 
 I
 
 1]4 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 shall be liable to the Master's chastisement, and the 
 Governors' further censure. 
 
 " The Master and Preacher shall have superintendency 
 over the Chappel Clerk, Organist, and Sexton, to see 
 if each of them carefully perform the duties of his place ; 
 the one, in reading of divine service at the horu's accus- 
 tomed, assisting the Preacher at the Communion, and bury- 
 ing the dead ; the second, in teaching the poor Scholars to 
 sing, and playing on the organ at set times of divine 
 service ; the third, in keeping the chappel in a cleanly, 
 comely, and decent manner, and carefully performing 
 all other services belonging to such a place : otherwise 
 they, and every of them, shall be subject to the Master's 
 punishment."* 
 
 PREACHERS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 1613. The Reverend Humphrey Hartness, M. A. 
 
 1616. The Reverend Anthony Parker. 
 
 1618. The Reverend William Ford, B.D. 
 
 1619. The Reverend Perceval Burrel, M. A. 
 16^8. The Reverend William MidcUeton, M.A. 
 1630. The Reverend Daniel Toutville, M.A. 
 1643. The Reverend Peter Clarke, M.A. 
 164*5. The Reverend William Adderley, M.A. 
 
 1648. The Reverend George Griffith, M.A., ejected by 
 the Act of Uniformity. 
 
 * Heme.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 115 
 
 IGGl. Tlie Reverend Timothy Sliircross, D. D. 
 
 1671. The Reverend John Patrick, D. D. 
 
 1695. The Reverend John King, D.D. 
 
 1715. The Reverend Emanuel Langford, D.D. 
 
 1724. The Reverend PhiHp Bearcroft, D.D. 
 
 1754. The Reverend Samuel Salter, D.D. 
 
 1761. The Reverend John Nichols, D.D. 
 
 1774. The Reverend Thomas Sainsbury, D.D. 
 
 1787. The Reverend William Lloyd, M. A. 
 
 1809. The Reverend Wilfred Clarke, M. A. 
 
 1812. The Reverend James Currey, B.D. 
 
 1823. The Reverend William Hale Hale, M. A. 
 
 1842. The Reverend Henry Budd Whittaker Cluu-ton, 
 
 M.A. 
 1844. The Reverend Folliot Baugh, M.A. 
 
 THE PHYSICIAN. 
 
 " He shall be qualified with the degree of a Doctor 
 in that profession, and shall have his yearly fee of twenty 
 pounds confirmed unto him ; he shall make choice of his 
 Apothecary, and not exceed the sum of twenty pounds 
 a year for physick bills, according to the rate set down 
 in our Establishment ; otherwise the Governors reserve 
 the power to themselves to make choice of another that 
 will accept of these conditions, or to determine whether 
 they will have any Physician in ordinary fee, or not." * 
 
 * Heine. 
 
 I 2
 
 116 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE, 
 
 PHYSICIANS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 1614. Thomas Barker. 
 1617. William Barker. 
 1624. Laurence Wright. 
 1643. George Bate. 
 1656. Gabriel Beauvoir. 
 1673. Dr. Castle. 
 1673. Walter Needham. 
 1691. Charles Goodhall. 
 1713. Henry Levett. 
 1725. Charles Ball. 
 1730. Abram Hall. 
 1752. Thomas Hawes. 
 1763. John Hadley. 
 1765. James Grewe. 
 
 1773. Edward Dowsett. 
 
 1774. Nathaniel Hulme. 
 1807. Arthin- Daniel Stone- 
 1823. John Vetch. 
 
 1840. Benjamin Guy Babington. 
 
 A resident Medical Officer was first appointed in 1835. 
 The office was filled by Henry Cromwell Fiekl, Esquire, 
 who, dying in 1840, was succeeded by John Miles, Es- 
 quire.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 117 
 
 THE REGISTRAR AND SOLICITOR. 
 
 " He shall be lodged and dieted in the Hospital, a 
 man of good conversation, well practised in following 
 Law Causes, a good penman, ready, diligent, and faithfnl 
 in all such emjiloyments as the Governoiu's or Master 
 shall put him upon. 
 
 " His imployment shall be to summon all Assemblies, 
 to register their orders and decrees in the Assembly Book, 
 to draw all patents and leases, make them ready for the 
 Common Seal, and enroll them in the Book of Entries, 
 to di-aw all leases for the Governors, and wait upon them 
 for the signing and dispatch ; to attend the Hospital 
 Council, and take their direction upon any occasion of 
 law business, and, ha\dng the Master's warrant, to follow 
 the same with all dexterity and diligence ; to call in 
 arrearages of rents, and make seizure or re-entry for 
 default of payment by warrant of the Governours ; to 
 take all petitions and present them to the table ; to take 
 bond for the teaching, well using, and maintenance of 
 poor Scholars made Apprentices ; and by the Master's 
 order and direction to put in suit the bonds forfeited, 
 either for non-payment of debts, non-performance of co- 
 venants, or for any other cause whatsoever ; and to pro- 
 secute and answer all suits in law whatsoever for and 
 concerning the said House and Hospital. 
 
 " He shall not directly nor indirectly contract for the
 
 118 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 preferring of poor men or boyes into the Hospital, nor 
 with any of the tenants for renewing their leases ; such 
 business shall immediately be preferred by petition to 
 the Governovu's only, and then presented by him to the 
 Table: and if he be a transgressor herein, he shall forfeit 
 his place. 
 
 " He shall not cancel or deface any orders concluded 
 at an Assembly and signed by the Govemours there 
 present, upon peril of losing his place. 
 
 " He shall not j)resume to receive or meddle with 
 any monies accrueing due to the Hospital by way of 
 fine, rent, or debt however."* 
 
 REGISTRARS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 1612. Thomas Hey ward. 
 1621. Samuel Martyn. 
 
 John Yeomans. 
 1643. John Brent. 
 
 1650. Edward Cressett. 
 
 1651. John Holland. 
 1654. William Taylour. 
 1666. William Massey. 
 1669. Mr. Spelman. 
 1674. Mr. Lightfoot. 
 1699. William Hempson. 
 1739. Conway Whithorn. 
 
 * Heme,
 
 CIIARTEK-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. Ill) 
 
 1747. Tliomas Mclinotli. 
 1767. Henry Sayer. 
 1789. Thomas Ryder. 
 
 The offices of Registrar and Receiver are now merged 
 into one. 
 
 The first person who held the double office was in 
 1835. Thomas Gatty, who was succeeded by 
 1838. Archibald Keightley. 
 
 THE RECEIVER. 
 
 " He shall not enter into the execution of his office 
 before he give good security by ten several bonds of two 
 hundred pounds apiece, wherein himself, with two suffi- 
 cient sureties in every bond, shall stand bound to the 
 Governours for the faithful executing his place and 
 discharging liis accompt ; he shall deliver out no monies 
 but only to the Manciple for diet, unless he have 
 order and warrant from the Master. 
 
 " He shall, according to such letters of attorney as 
 are or shall be made in that behalf, make publique de- 
 mand of rents due by the Hospital tenants, upon the 
 dayes expressed in the conditions of their leases, and shall 
 take witness thereof that such fvu'ther coiu'se may be 
 taken for satisfaction as shall seem good to the Governours. 
 
 " At Michaelmas every year, when his accompt shall 
 be given up, he shall have two hundred pounds imprested 
 to him by the Master out of the surplus remaining that
 
 120 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 year, or out of the House Stock, which imprest shall 
 be for expense for clyet and other charges till Michaelmas 
 rent come in, repaying the said money into the iron chest 
 of the Hospital Stock at or between the end of November 
 then next coming." * 
 
 RECEIVERS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 1614. Francis Smith. 
 
 1617. David Lewis. 
 
 1621. John Clark. 
 
 1643. Andrew Hill. 
 
 1654. Alexander Lawsou. 
 
 1660. John Payn. 
 
 1676. Mr. Payn. 
 
 1718. Ambrose E}T:e. 
 
 1739. John Spencer Colepeper. 
 
 1779. Herbert Croft. 
 
 1786. Thomas Ryder. 
 
 1789. Robert Barber. 
 
 AUDITORS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 1613. John Wotton. 
 1636. Henry Wotton. 
 1645. Henry Pla^^ord. 
 1670. Richard Spoiu-. 
 1716. George Davidson. 
 * Heme.
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 121 
 
 1744. Thomas Melmoth. 
 1747. John Fotherby. 
 1776. Thomas Mehnoth. 
 1783. Clmstopher Hargrave. 
 1785. Joseph Smith Hargrave. 
 1807. Henry Jenkinson Sayer. 
 1820. Thomas Gatty. 
 
 THE MANCIPLE. 
 
 " He shall put in bond of one hundred pounds, with 
 one sufRcient surety, for discharging himself by a just 
 and allowed accompt of all such sums of money as the 
 Receiver shall from time to time imprest upon him, upon 
 the Master's warrant, for the affairs of the Hospital. 
 
 " He shall attend his service in the Kitchen till all 
 the tables be served and taken away, and then he shall 
 take his meals with the inferior Officers and Grooms at 
 their accustomed table and rate established in these our 
 Ordinances following. 
 
 " He shall keep a book of the weekly expense in 
 dyet, carry it to the Auditors to be examined ; he shall, 
 within four days after the week is expired, bring it to 
 the Master to be perused and signed by him, and whom 
 else he will call. 
 
 " He shall not disburse or lay out any sum or sums 
 of money for any provisions for the Hospital (save only 
 the provision of dyet) without the Master's warrant.
 
 122 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 wherein also he shall not exceed the rates set down in 
 our Establishment ensuing ; nor shall he buy any such 
 provisions in the Market or elsewhere, but with ready 
 money : and if he shall disburse anything contrary to 
 these orders, it shall not be allowed him upon his ac- 
 compt ; besides, he shall be answerable for his disobe- 
 dience. 
 
 " He shall take a true and perfect Inventory twice 
 in every year of all the Goods, Moveables, and Utensils 
 of and throughout the Hospital, and give accompt thereof 
 to the Master, that he may lay the imbezelling or loss 
 to every Officer, Groom, or poor Brother to whom it 
 was intrusted, satisfying the House out of their wages 
 at his discretion, and giving order for repairing and re- 
 newing such stuff as shall be so lost, or by long wearing- 
 become no more useful." * 
 
 There was formerly a Steward of the Courts, but this 
 office is now merged in the Manciple's. 
 
 The office of Organist to the Hospital is now filled by 
 Williiim Horsley, Esq., Mus. Bac. Oxon. 
 
 THE POOR BRETHREN. 
 
 " They shall not exceed the number of fourscore. 
 " They shall not be holden qualified and capable of 
 the place, unless they be such as are within the inten- 
 
 '"■ Hernc.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS 123 
 
 tion of the King's Letters Patent of tlie Foundation, 
 namely, gentlemen by descent and in poverty ; soldiers 
 that have borne arms by sea or land ; merchants decayed 
 by piracy or shipwreck ; or servants in houshold to the 
 King or Queen's Majesty, and none of these to be under 
 the age of fifty years at the time of their admission ; 
 and it shall be the Master's charge to certify the Table, 
 when they are propounded at an Assembly, if he know 
 anything of any man standing in election to the con- 
 trary. 
 
 " He that hath been maimed in the wars, either at 
 sea or land, and not in any fray or private quarrel, being 
 also a subject of the King's dominions, shall be capable 
 of the place at forty years age or upwards ; but if he 
 be not maimed, though otherwise well deserving, he shall 
 not be capable of the place unless he be fifty years old 
 at the least : nor shall any be admitted whose body is 
 tainted with any leprous, unclean, or infectious disease. 
 
 " None shall be admitted or elected that hath com- 
 petent means to sustain him ; and if at or after his ad- 
 mittance he shall be found to have an estate in value 
 worth two hundred pounds a-coming in, \iis et modis, 
 to the value of four-and-twenty pounds per annum during 
 his life, his place shall be void. 
 
 " No poor brother shall have leave to pass the seas 
 vipon what pretence soever but by petition to the Go- 
 vernoui's, and signed with six of their hands ; in which 
 case and time of absence he shall only be allowed his
 
 124 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 wages, and have his place reserved for him ; other allow- 
 ances for commons he shall not have. 
 
 " They shall not go into the country to visit friends, 
 or upon any other business, without the Master's leave, 
 and that but for two months at the farthest ; in which case 
 and time of absence they shall be allowed two third parts 
 of their commons in money, but no part of their wages 
 shall be abated ; but if they go abroad, either with leave 
 or without, and fall under arrest, or any other danger 
 whereby their return is stayed, in such case they shall 
 have no means or allowance from the Hospital, either 
 for commons or wages, only their place shall be reserved 
 for them till the Governours' pleasure be further knowai : 
 and, moreover, no brother shall presume to pass the 
 out gates of the Hospital in their livery gowns, upon pain 
 of paying a month's commons out of their quarter's 
 wages. 
 
 " They shall not undertake the following of other 
 men's causes and suits, nor procure the molestation, 
 trouble, or expence of other the King's subjects, by their 
 suggestions or informations, upon pain of paying what 
 mulct the Master, by these our Ordinances, can impose 
 upon them, and abiding the Governours' further plea- 
 sure. 
 
 " All other duties to be performed after their admission, 
 as daily frequenting the chapel, reverent behaviour at 
 prayers, civil fashion of feeding, cleanly and decent 
 clothing, neat and wholesome lodging, friendly and bro-
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 125 
 
 therly conversing and living together, shall be referred 
 to the Master's discretion to direct, and to the power 
 we have given him to correct."* 
 
 The annual allowance to each Pensioner is 261. \2s., 
 wdiich is paid in quarterly instalments. 
 
 THE SCHOOL. 
 
 " The Scholars of the Foundation shall not exceed 
 the number of forty ; f nor shall any be admitted but such 
 as the Schoolmaster shall find and approve to be well 
 entred in learning, answerable to his age at the time of 
 his admittance. 
 
 " The Schoolmaster shall be of twenty-seven years of 
 age at the least, a Master of Arts, of good reputation, 
 both for his life and learning in the Latin and Greek 
 tongues. The Usher shall likewise be well qualified 
 for his place, having taken degree of Bachelor of Arts 
 two years at least before his Election, aged twenty-four 
 years : and if there be such in either University (no dis- 
 continuers) and that have formerly been members of this 
 Hospital, they shall (caeteris paribus) be chosen before 
 any others. 
 
 " The Schoolmaster shall have charge to admit no poor 
 Scholar without one new^ suit of apparel besides that he 
 wears, two new shirts, three new pair of stockings, three 
 
 * Heine, 
 t Tlie present number iy forty-five.
 
 126 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 new pair of shoes, and books for the form he is to be in, 
 or money to buy them ; and if he fail therein, the charge 
 of repairing the wants shall be discounted out of his 
 own wages. 
 
 " He shall have certificate by good proof from the 
 place whence they come of the just age of every boy to 
 be admitted, and he shall admit none under the age of 
 ten years and above fourteen, as he will answer the con- 
 trary. He shall keep a book of all such admissions, as 
 also of all Scholars sent to the University, or trade, with 
 a particular and punctual setting-do-wai the day and year 
 of their coming in, going out. 
 
 " They shall keep the accustomed hours of six in 
 summer, and seven in winter, for their coming to school, 
 and eight and three in the forenoon and afternoon for 
 their collations, and of six in summer and winter, if the 
 time of meals will permit, for their leaving off; not failing, 
 both morning and evening, to begin and end their studies 
 with the Latin prayers and collects now used. 
 
 " He shall read none but approved Authors, Greek 
 and Latin, as are read in the best esteemed free-schools, 
 and to see those of the upper form furnished with Greek 
 Testaments for their use in chapel. 
 
 " Besides the Scholars' weekly exercise, they of the 
 highest form shall every Sunday set up in the Great Hall 
 four Greek and four Latin verses apiece upon any part 
 of tlie second lesson appointed for that day, for the Master 
 of the Hospital or any stranger to view and examine :
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 127 
 
 and also two shall be weekly appointed for reading 
 the chapters and saying grace at every meal in both the 
 Halls. 
 
 " It shall be his care and the Usher's charge, to teach 
 the scholars to cipher and cast an acconipt, especially 
 those that are less capable of learning, and fittest to be 
 put to trades. 
 
 " He and the Usher shall be diligent in the daily 
 attendance on their charge, and shall not journey into 
 the country without the Master's leave ; nor shall they 
 take into their tuition above sixty other Scholars, unless 
 they entertain another Under Usher out of their own 
 means, and to be dieted and lodged out of the Hospital : 
 Nor shall they receive for teaching those of the Founda- 
 tion any fee or wages from their friends. 
 
 " They shall be careful and discreet to observe the 
 nature and ingeny of their Scholars, and accordingly 
 instruct and correct them : in correction they shall be 
 moderate ; in instruction diligent ; correcting according 
 to the quality of the fault in matter of manners, and 
 according to the capacity of the fault in matter of 
 learning. 
 
 " All other duties of their place they shall faithfully 
 perform ; namely, to see that the Scholars be of modest 
 and mannerly behaviour, well and decently clothed, orderly 
 and seasonably dyeted, cleanly and wholesomely lodged: 
 and that the Matron, Butler, Taylor, and Groom perform 
 their duties to these purposes, otherwise their Tutors to
 
 128 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 be censured by us the Governours, and their Servants to 
 be punished by the Master of the HospitaL" * 
 
 The present School-Master is the Reverend Augustus 
 Page Saunders, D. D., F. R. S, ; and the Usher the Re- 
 verend Oliver Walford, M. A. of Trinity College, Cam- 
 bridge. 
 
 There are also four Assistant-Masters in the School ; 
 namely. 
 
 The Reverend Charles Rowland Dicken, M.A., Mathe- 
 matical Master, who is also Reader and Librarian. 
 The Reverend Henry Wright Phillott, M. A. 
 The Reverend Frederick Poynder, M. A., and 
 The Reverend Charles George Curtis, B. A. 
 
 Professor Brasseur, of King's College, teaches the 
 French Language, and IVIr. Kochanowski the German ; 
 Mr. Edward Maxwell instructs in writing and arithmetic ; 
 and Charter-House is happy in possessing such an able 
 and accomplished artist as it has in Mr. W. Robinson, 
 the Drawing-Master. Fencing and drilling are also taught 
 by distinguished professors. 
 
 SCHOOL-MASTERS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 1614. Nicholas Grey. 
 1624. Robert Grey. 
 1626. William Middlcton, M. A. 
 
 * Heme.
 
 CflARTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 129 
 
 1028. Robert Brooke. 
 
 1643. Samuel Wilson. 
 
 1651. John Bondey. 
 
 1654. Norris Wood. 
 
 1662. Thomas Watson. 
 
 1679. Thomas Walker, LL.D. 
 
 1728. Andrew Tooke, M.A. 
 
 1731. James Hotchkis. 
 
 1748. Lewis Crusins, D. D. 
 
 1769. Samuel Berdmore, D. D. 
 
 1791. Matthew Raine, D.D. 
 
 1811. John Russell, D.D. 
 
 1832. Augustus Page Saunders, D.D., F.R.S. 
 
 USHERS SINCE THE FOUNDATION. 
 
 1614. Henry Bagley. 
 
 1619. Robert Grey. 
 
 1624. William Middleton, M.A. 
 
 1626. Robert Brooke. 
 
 1628. Anthony Andrews. 
 
 1631. John Byrch. 
 
 1637. Samuel Wilson. 
 
 1642. John Martyn. 
 
 1643. Norris Wood. 
 1648. John Stephens. 
 1650. Edmund Sly. 
 1656. Thomas Watson. 
 
 K
 
 130 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 1664. Rowland Buckeridge. 
 
 1674. Thomas Walker, LL. D. 
 
 1679. William Bolton. 
 
 1685. John Stacey. 
 
 1695. Andi-ew Tooke, M.A. 
 
 1728. John Gough. 
 
 1731. James Hotchkis, M.A. 
 
 1731. Kornick Prescott. 
 
 1736. Samuel Patrick. 
 
 1748. William Ramsden, D.D. 
 
 1778. WilHam Bird, M.A. 
 
 1791. Edward WoUaston, M.A. 
 
 1804. John Steward, M.A. 
 
 1812. Robert Watkinson, B. D. 
 
 1827. William Herbert Chapman, M.A. 
 
 1838. OHver Walford, M.A. 
 
 The number of Scholars at present is 180. A list, 
 complete up to December 1846, is given in the Ap- 
 pendix. 
 
 There is an Annual Examination for the whole School 
 every Easter, and one for the " Go\\m-boys " * alone at 
 Christmas. The Examiners are the Venerable Arch- 
 deacon Harrison, and the Reverend Thomas James, M. A., 
 Chaplain to the Lord Bishop of Bath and Wells. At 
 the former of these a gold medal is awarded to that 
 Scholar who has composed the best Latin Hexameters 
 * Scholars on the P^oiindation.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 131 
 
 on whatever subject has been given out. A list of these 
 Prizemen since the year 181G is affixed to the School 
 walls, of which the following is a correct copy : — 
 
 GOLD MEDALLISTS. 
 
 1816. Boone, James Shergold. 
 
 1817. Allan, Thomas Robinson. 
 
 1818. Chui-ton, Edward. 
 
 1819. Allan, Joseph William. 
 
 1820. Jago, William. 
 
 1821. Borrett, William Penrice. 
 Farre, Frederick John. 
 
 1822. Cole, Joseph Griffith. 
 
 1823. Walford, John Desborow. 
 
 1824. Fulton, Joseph Atkinson. 
 
 1825. Brome, John. 
 
 1826. Hebert, Charles. 
 
 1827. Yates, Joseph St. John. 
 
 1828. Lushington, Henry. 
 
 1829. Bright, Joseph Edward. 
 
 1830. Scratchley, Charles James. 
 
 1831. Freese, John Wellington. 
 
 1832. Whitbread, Gordon. 
 
 1833. Bode, John Ernest. 
 
 1834. Currey, George. 
 
 1835. Marshall, George. 
 
 1836. Joynes, Richard. 
 
 1837. Marshall, James. 
 
 K 2
 
 132 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 1838. Carter, Samuel Robert. 
 
 1839. Box, Henry Adderley. 
 
 1840. Curtis, Charles George. 
 
 1841. Walford, Edward. 
 
 1842. Palmer, Edwin. 
 
 1843. Fisher, Herbert William. 
 
 1844. Palgrave, William GifFard. 
 
 1845. Tweed, Henry Earle. 
 
 1846. Sotheby, Hans William. 
 
 There are also two silver medals given to those can- 
 didates who have been successful in producing the best 
 Greek Iambics, and Latin Prose. There is another 
 awarded to the best Mathematical Scholar, and prizes 
 are given to that Scholar in each form who has acquitted 
 liimself most meritoriously. The same rewards are given 
 by the French and Drawing Professors to the Pupils 
 most proficient in those branches of education. Two 
 prizes for the best Theological Exercise are also given 
 to the sixth and fifth forms by the Preacher. 
 
 On tlie 12th of December, the Anniversary of the 
 Foundation, an Oration in Latin is delivered in the Great 
 Hall by the senior Gown-boy ; and at the Banquet, wliich 
 follows, the Orator's trencher is passed round : the noble- 
 men and distingviished visitors who honour the assembly 
 with their presence liberally respond to the call, and an 
 amount is collected usually sufficient to defray the ex- 
 penses of his outfit at Oxford. Previous to the oration, a
 
 CHARTER. HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 133 
 
 Sermon is preached in the chapel by some learned Divine 
 who has received his education in this Institution. The 
 banquet takes place after the oration; and amidst the 
 revelry that ensues, the ever-memorable Thomas Sutton is 
 not forgotten.* 
 
 * It was anciently the custom of the Charter-House Scholars to per- 
 form a dramatic piece on " Founder's-Day." It appears, however, 
 that there were other days set apart for conviviality and merriment, 
 such as the 5th of Novemher, the anniversary of the deliverance of 
 the kingdom from the Popish plot. A play is still extant, entitled 
 " A dramatic piece, by the Charter-House Scholars, in memory of 
 the Powder-Plot, performed at the Charter-House, November 6th, 
 1732." The scene is the Vatican, and the characters represented 
 arc the Pope, the Devil (in the character of a pilgrim), and two 
 Jesuits. The plot is by no means uninteresting, and some passages 
 evince considerable tact and experience. 
 
 Now, in the year 1724, there died a Pensioner of Charter-House, 
 Elkanah Settle by name. He was born, in the year 1648, at Dunstable, 
 in Bedfordshire, and in the eighteenth year of his age was entered Com- 
 moner of Trinity College, Oxford. Being possessed of no mean poetical 
 acquirements, he applied himself early to the study of dramatic com- 
 position, and taking a prominent part in the political discussions of the 
 day, he Avas so patronized by his powerful party, the Whigs, that, 
 having been chosen in preference to Glorious John, an office was pur- 
 posely created for him by the authorities of Guildhall, and he was 
 advanced to the dignity of Poet Laureat to the City of London. His 
 duty was to write the panegyric, and preside over the pageant cele- 
 brated at the inauguration of the Lord Mayor. 
 
 Howbeit, Mr, Settle changed his opinions, and was suddenly found 
 writing with as much vehemence against the Whigs as he had formerly 
 against the Tories. This dereliction on his part served only to obtain 
 for him the scorn of the one party and the suspicion of the other. 
 Expelled from office, his prospects blighted, and his works despised, 
 Elkanah found himself reduced to the most hopeless state of destitution,
 
 134 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 A list of the Orators is also to be seen in the School, 
 from the same year as the Gold Medallists. 
 
 ORATORS. 
 
 1816. Pye, Henry Anthony, 
 
 1817. Chui-ton, Edward. 
 
 1818. Allen, James. 
 
 1819. Jago, William, 
 
 1820. Bonney, Thomas. 
 
 and compelled to degrade himself by performing in a booth at Bartho- 
 lomew fair, where, encased in a skin of green leather, he acted the part 
 of the dragon in a piece of his own invention, entitled " St. George for 
 England." So Settle gained nothing by his apostacy. Dr. Young, in 
 his epistle to Mr. Pope, refers to Settle's last days in the following 
 lines : — 
 
 " Poor Elkanah, all other changes past. 
 For bread in Smithfield dragons hissed at last ; 
 Spit streams of fire to make the butchers gape, 
 And found his manners suited to his shape." 
 
 Mr, Settle finally obtained admission into Charter-House, and there, 
 resting from his literary labours, he died, as before mentioned, in the 
 year 1724. Now the similarity of sentiment which appears between 
 Mr. Settle's works and the play performed by the Charter-House Scho- 
 lars, gives rise to a supposition that the latter was the work of Settle 
 himself. The active part which Mr. Settle took in the famous ceremony 
 of Pope-burning in the year 1680 agreeing strictly with the ridicule 
 which is laid upon his Holiness, when made "to run away in a fright" 
 in the said play, and the date of his death being but a few years anterior 
 to the said performance ; there can be but little or no doubt that it is a 
 composition of the fallen bard, who, it is said, " had a numerous poetical 
 issue, but shared the misfortune of several other gentlemen, to survive 
 them all."
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 135 
 
 1821. Lushington, Charles. 
 
 1822. Boyle, Charles John. 
 
 1823. Haclfield, George Horatio. 
 
 1824. Bcrdinore, Samuel Charles James. 
 
 1825. Clare, George Thomas. 
 182G. Lloyd, Charles Corpe. 
 
 1827. Allen, George John. 
 
 1828. Lukin, Cecil Edward George. 
 
 1829. Wells, Francis Ballard. 
 
 1830. Russell, John. 
 
 1831. Noad, George Frederick. 
 
 1832. Bode, John Ernest. 
 
 1833. Phillott, Henry Wright. 
 
 1834. Corbett, James Wortley. 
 
 1835. Anson, Arthur Henry. 
 
 1836. Boothby, Henry Brooke. 
 
 1837. Clifford, Charles Cavendish. 
 
 1838. Phillimore, Greville. 
 
 1839. Boyd, Frederick. 
 
 1840. Bowen, George Fergusson. 
 
 1841. Disbrowe, Henry Sharpe. 
 
 1842. Hale, William Palmer. 
 
 1843. Fisher, Herbert William. 
 
 1844. Davies, William Henry. 
 
 1845. Bowen, Edward. 
 
 1846. Gatty, Robert Henry. 
 
 We have named the Officers of the Hospital and the
 
 136 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 School as they now exist ; nothing therefore remains, but 
 to describe the Buildings of Charter-House. We begin, 
 then, with that which first comes in our sight, 
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE SQUARE. 
 
 To this there are three entrances, — Carthusian Street, 
 Charter-House Lane, and Charter-House Street. In each 
 of the first two there once stood a gate-house, the situation 
 of which is now indicated by an iron gate, surmounted by 
 the arms of the Hospital. This Square is supposed to 
 have been part of the ground first consecrated by Bishop 
 Stratford as a place of burial. In this Square, formerly 
 called Charter-House Yard, was a town-house belonging 
 to the Earls of Rutland. In the year 1G56, the "rare 
 Sir William D'Avenant," wishing to win back the pub- 
 lic from the cynical and austere gloom which had long 
 hung over it, (for, in those times of cant and hypocrisy, 
 theatrical amusements were suppressed,) obtained permis- 
 sion to open a sort of opera-house in this mansion. The 
 performance is still extant, and is entitled " Entertainment 
 at Rutland House, 1656." A court in the north-east 
 corner of the Square marks its situation, and is hence 
 called Rutland Place. Here is the residence of the Usher, 
 the Reverend Oliver Walford. 
 
 The Square is inclosed, and planted with trees and 
 shrubs ; an avenue of limes goes across it, wliich forms 
 a shady walk in summer for the occupants of the houses
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 187 
 
 around. The trees, considering the part of London they 
 are in, preserve their verdure remarkably well. On tlie 
 north side, as we enter the Square from Carthusian Street, 
 is to be seen the entrance to the Hospital. 
 
 THE GATEWAY 
 
 Is the original portal of the Monastery, and possesses 
 many unmistakeable indications of antiquity. It is a 
 four-centred or Tudor arch, with dripstone terminating 
 in plain corbels ; over all is a shelf supported by two 
 brackets representing lions, grotesquely carved, which may 
 safely be ascribed to the early part of the sixteenth cen- 
 tury. On the right, as we enter, is the Porter's Lodge, 
 a modern erection. On the left is the residence of John 
 Miles, Esquire, the resident Medical Officer of the Hos- 
 pital. These have nothing remarkable associated with 
 them. Passing on, we find ourselves in 
 
 THE ENTRANCE COURT. 
 
 From this there are two places of egress. A road lies 
 straight before us leading to the Quadrangles, the School- 
 master's house, the Gown-boys', and the Preacher's re- 
 sidence ; another, on our left, conducts us to the Master's 
 Lodge, the Hall, and the Chapel, It is in this latter 
 direction that we resolve to trace our course. Under an
 
 138 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 archway, leading to the Master's Court, is the entrance 
 to 
 
 THE master's lodge, 
 
 Now occupied by the Venerable Archdeacon Hale. We 
 first enter a spacious hall, the walls of which may be 
 proud in sustaining a noble portrait of the munificent 
 Founder. In other chambers there are portraits of the 
 following distinguished personages: — 
 
 " His Majesty King Charles II. 
 
 A full-length of George Villiers, the second of that 
 name, Duke of Buckingham, represented in a long wig, 
 and robes of the Garter. 
 
 The Earl of Shaftesbury, in his Chancellor's robes, 
 sitting. 
 
 Charles Talbot, first Earl, and afterwards Duke of 
 Slu'ewsbury, a full-length, in robes of the Garter, with 
 a white rod, as Lord Treasurer, in 1714 delivered to 
 him by the Queen with her dying hand. A nobleman 
 of fine abilities, and fine address, wavering and unsettled : 
 a strong revolutionist ; yet, in a little time, seduced into 
 a plan of dethroning the very Prince whom he had invited 
 over. Neglected by all parties ; permanent only in the 
 Protestant religion, to which he was an early convert 
 by the arguments of our great Tillotson. He died in 
 February, 1718, giving, almost with his last breath, as- 
 surance of his adherence to the Church of England.
 
 < — •
 
 ClIARTER-nOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 139 
 
 The Duke of Monmouth, in a long black wig, dressed 
 like the former, but not so richly. 
 
 The munificent Sheldon, Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 is represented sitting. He did honour to his promotion by 
 liis patron Charles II., whom he attended in his exile. 
 He was equally conspicuous for his charity and his piety. 
 He expended above sixty-six thousand pounds in public 
 and private benefactions, in relieving the miserable dis- 
 tressed in the time of the Pestilence, and in redeeming 
 Cluistian slaves. His theatre at Oxford is a magnificent 
 proof of his respect to the University in which he had 
 most honourably presided, as Warden of the College of 
 All Souls. 
 
 Here also is a tlnree-quarter length of Dr. Thomas Bur- 
 net, Master of this House, highly celebrated for his 
 learning, and equally so for the spirit with which he 
 resisted the obtrusion of one Andrew Popham, a Roman 
 Catholick, into the ofiice by James II. He was the 
 author of the famous " Sacred Theory of the Earth," a 
 beautiful and elegant philosophical romance ; and of the 
 " Archasologia Philosophica." This latter subjected him 
 to such censure, for the sceptical opinions it contained, 
 as to prevent his farther preferment. He died in 1715. 
 He is represented as a thin man, of a good countenance, 
 in a black gown, and short hair. 
 
 The hero William Earl Craven is the last; a full- 
 length in armour, with a truncheon, and a distant view 
 of the camp.
 
 140 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-nOUSE. 
 
 These noblemen had all been Governors of the Hos- 
 pital." 
 
 There are also portraits of — 
 The Founder, a half-length. 
 
 John Robinson, D. D., Dean of Windsor, Bishop of 
 Bristol, and Lord Privy Seal. Dahl pinxit, 1712. 
 Dr. Edmund Gibson, Bishop of London, 1723. 
 A Prelate, unknown. 
 John Lord Somers. 
 
 Spencer Compton, Earl of Wilmington. 
 John Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham. 
 Benjamin Lancy, D. D., Bishop of Ely. 
 George Morley, D. D., Bishop of Winchester. 
 Humphrey Henchman, Bishop of London ; and 
 Daniel Wray, Esquire. 
 
 There are two handsome Chimney-Pieces in this house, 
 which have recently been painted cuid gilt. 
 
 Having viewed the interior of the Master's Lodge, we 
 return to 
 
 THE master's court. 
 
 On the left, an arched passage leads us to Wash-House 
 Court, described hereafter. In the centre our attention 
 is drawn to a porch, surmounted by the Royal arms, 
 leading to the Great Hall and Kitchen; whilst a passage 
 on our right conducts us to the 
 
 /
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOAY EXISTS. 141 
 
 CHAPEL COURT. 
 
 This is surrounded by buildings on the south and 
 west sides, the Chapel on the east, and a colonnade or 
 piazza on the north. This is denominated 
 
 THE CHAPEL CLOISTER, 
 
 but it deserves not the name. A row of six heavy, in- 
 elegant Italian semi-classic arches on one side, is all it 
 possesses ; there is nothing to attract the notice, save 
 the extreme clumsiness of form and detail ; in style it is 
 almost nondescript. On the pavement are gravestones 
 to the memory of the following persons : — Nicholas Mann, 
 Esquire, 1755 ; Richard John Samuel Stevens, Organist 
 to the Hospital, 1757; Biddy Maria Stone, 1762; Sir 
 William Yorke, and Dame Charity Yorke, the former 
 of whom died in the year 1776, the latter in 1779; Wil- 
 liam Wollaston, 1797; John Jones, Esquire, and his 
 family ; Dorothy Anne Heathcote ; Lewis and Anne 
 Crusius ; Thomas Melmoth, Esquire ; and Samuel and 
 Maria Berdmore, the former Master of the School in 1802. 
 William Ramsden, 1804; John Churton, 1814; John 
 Swaine, 1821 ; and James Delabere Prichett, 1822, also 
 repose there. 
 
 At the east end of this specimen of debased architec-
 
 142 
 
 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 ture is a door in the same style, leading to the Ante- 
 Chapel, over which is a small tablet, inscribed as follows : — 
 
 "Attende paulum, quisquis es; subtus jacet 
 NICHOLAUS MANN, 
 Olim Magister, nunc remistus pulvere. 
 Quis ille, vel quid egerit bene aut secus 
 In vit^, omitte quaeritare : scit Deus. 
 Monere maluit hoc quod ad te pertinet : 
 Bene universis tu fac et fieri veHs, 
 Semper benigni patris omnium memor. 
 Sic si paratus hue intres, precibus tuis 
 Coelum patebit, ipse quum stabis reus 
 Die suprema sub tremendo judice 
 Ratione vitae reddita laudaberis." 
 
 Having entered, we find ourselves in 
 
 THE ANTE-CHAPEL, 
 
 a small square chamber, at the east end of which is a 
 modern screen, surmounted by the Royal arms, and 
 those of the Founder, Sutton. Through this a most 
 beautiful \iew may be obtained of the east window, 
 
 " Whence the light is faintly streaming." 
 
 The twilight gloom occasioned by the brilliancy of the
 
 lOijrcrmrl^J ai (^\)axin ^^au^z. 
 
 ■ tl 
 
 ttom tht l^a^tr^'ix'V)
 
 CnARTER-nOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 143 
 
 dark blue, contrasts with the small patches of white 
 intermingled here and there, and awakens feelings of 
 reverence ; and, if we note it through the compart- 
 ments of the screen, a figure in the window seems to 
 be a Saint standing in a stall or tabernacle. Truly, 
 these are 
 
 " storied windows richly diglit, 
 
 Casting a dim religious light." 
 
 This Chapel is vaulted and groined, a rib springing 
 from a corbel in each corner ; at the intersection of 
 these ribs are bosses, ornamented with roses and foli- 
 age, and shields charged with the instruments of the 
 Passion. 
 
 Here is very properly placed, being the entrance to the 
 sacred edifice, the Font. Tliis is of stone, and modern, 
 but it is wofully debased. It is arabesque ; intended, 
 we suppose, to correspond with the Chapel, which is 
 Jacobean ; but situated as it is here in the Ante-Chapel, 
 wliich is Perpendicular Gothic, it surely would have 
 been more appropriate to have avoided, if possible, a 
 mixture of styles. The Ante-Chapel bears the date 
 1512, and is in good preservation. It is a simple 
 specimen of its style. At its east end is an equilateral 
 arch leading to the Chapel. The mouldings are distinct 
 and good. This I conjecture to have been the nave- 
 arch of the original Church of the Monastery. It is 
 filled up with the carved wooden screen before spoken
 
 144 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 of. This consists of a series of pointed arches, cinque- 
 foiled ; and through it we enter into 
 
 THE CHAPEL. 
 
 The plan of this building is most difficult to describe ; 
 the present chancel being part of the original nave : it 
 is square, divided in the centre by two Tuscan pillars ; 
 a recess (it cannot be called an aisle) was added to the 
 north side in 1826, and there is a tower at the west end, 
 parallel with the Ante-Chapel. The south wall alone 
 is part of the original Church ; it is supposed that the 
 choir extended some way to the east beyond the present 
 Chapel. In carrying on some alterations and repairs a 
 few years back, an aumbrye was discovered in the east 
 wall, but in such a mutilated condition that it was not 
 deemed necessary to take any measures for its preser- 
 vation. 
 
 The pillars, which divide it in the centre, support 
 three semicircular arches, the key-stones of which are 
 embellished with the Charter-House arms. The roof is 
 flat, ceiled, and decorated after the style of the time of 
 James I. At the west end, under the tower, is an open 
 screen of wood, carved in a style corresponding with the 
 date of the rest of the Chapel. This supports a gallery con- 
 taining the Organ. Its principal ornaments are grotesque, 
 puffy-faced cherubim, helmets and swords, drums and in- 
 struments of music ; and in the centre is a shield, tied up
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOAV EXISTS. 145 
 
 with a thick cable, charged with the arms of the Hospital. 
 The Altar is of wood, and on each side in the corner 
 of the chancel, is a sort of stall, the one on the right 
 being appropriated to the Head, and that on the left to the 
 Second Master of the School. Over all is a carved wooden 
 canopy, in the centre of which is the IHS painted and 
 gilt. The Decalogue, the Creed, and the Lord's Prayer 
 are painted on black panels, and form the reredos be- 
 hind the altar. The east wmdow is of five lights under 
 one arch, and is filled with painted glass. The subject 
 is the Divine Passion, and is the gift of the Venerable 
 Archdeacon Hale, the Master of the House. There is 
 another window in the east wall, to the north side of 
 the one in question, which is also adorned with stained 
 glass. This represents the Bearing of the Cross, and 
 was placed therein by a liberal Subscription raised among 
 the boys of the School. The glass in both the windows 
 is of the kind called landscape, wliich harmonizes best 
 with Elizabethan buildings. The other windows in the 
 edifice are, in the south wall, two of three lights under 
 one arch, in which are some fragments of glass, represent- 
 ing the Charter-House arms ; foui' of tlu'ee lights each 
 in the recess to the north ; and some smaller ones in 
 the tower. The pulpit and reading-desk are against the 
 south wall, as also are the Master's and Preacher's pews. 
 The latter have small canopies over the seats allotted 
 to them. The seats for the Pensioners are open, and 
 have poppy-heads in the shape of greyhounds' heads, 
 
 L
 
 146 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 coupecl, ermine, collared gules, garnished and ringed 
 or, on the collar three annulets of the last, the crest 
 of the Hospital. The Scholars sit in the recess to the 
 north. 
 
 The Founder's tomb is on the north side of the chancel, 
 and is a most superb specimen of the monumental taste in 
 the reign of James the First. It is composed of the most 
 valuable marbles, highly carved and gilt, and contains 
 a great number of figures, of which the Founder is the 
 principal. His figure, in a gowni, lies recumbent on the 
 tomb ; on each side is a man in armour, standing upright, 
 supporting a tablet containing the inscription ; and above 
 a preacher addressing a full congregation. The arms 
 of the Hospital are to be seen still higher, and above 
 all a statue of Charity. It is also enriched with statues 
 of Faith and Hope, Labour and Rest, and Plenty and 
 Want. It is surrounded by iron railings painted. The 
 inscription is as follows : — 
 
 Sacred 
 
 to the Glory of God, in grateful memory 
 
 of THOMAS SUTTON, Esquire. Here 
 
 lieth buried the body of THOMAS SUTTON, late 
 
 of Castle-Camps, in the county of Cambridge, 
 
 Esquire, at whose only costs and charges 
 
 this Hospital was founded and endowed 
 
 with large possessions for the relief of poor me 
 
 and children. He was a gentleman born at Kaiaythe, 
 
 in the county of Lincoln, of worthie
 
 CHAIiTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 
 
 147 
 
 and honest parentage. He lived to the age of 79 
 years, and deceased the 12th of December, IGll. 
 
 £ 
 
 s. 
 
 d. 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 The annexed drawing, as well as the following bill 
 of costs, will give the reader some idea of its magnifi- 
 cence : — 
 
 ESTIMATE. 
 
 For the enrichinge within the arch . 
 
 For the two captaines sittinge 
 
 For the four capitalls 
 
 For his picture, and crest at his feet . 
 
 For the two boys, Labour and Rest . 
 
 For the two pellasters, carved three sides a 
 
 piece .... 
 For the thi-ee pictures, Faith, Hope, and 
 
 Charitie .... 
 For the armes 
 For the two capitalls . 
 For the storye over the cornishe 
 For enrichinge under the cornishe 
 For the two death's heads, and one cherubim' 
 
 head .... 
 For roses and other flowers, and enrichinge 
 For payntinge and gildinge . 
 For carryinge the worke, and scttingc with 
 
 cramps of iron, lyme, and bricks 
 For workinge of the masonry in alabaster 
 For workinge the six columnes 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 
 G 
 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 
 
 (y 
 
 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 50 
 15
 
 148 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 £ s. d. 
 
 For sawinge the hard stone . . . 10 
 For workinge and pollisliinge five rauce pel- 
 
 lasters . . . . . 10 
 For workinge and pollishinge the lover of 
 
 rauce . . . . .800 
 
 For workinge, rubbinge, and pollishinge all 
 
 the tables, both of rauce and touch . 10 
 For sixty foot of rauce, at ten shillinges a 
 
 foote . . . . . 30 
 
 For eighty foot of touch . . . 40 
 For nine loade of alabaster, at 6/. a loade wy**" 
 
 the carryage . . . . 54 
 
 For workinge and pollishinge the ledger . 10 
 
 For thirty foote of pace, at 2s. 6d. a foote . 3 15 
 
 Total . . £366 15 
 
 In the return of the wall opposite the Founder's tomb 
 is a small monument to the memory of Francis Beaumont, 
 Esquire, formerly Master of the Hospital. He is re- 
 presented kneeling before a desk, liis hands resting on 
 the Holy Scriptures, and habited in the costume of the 
 period. The inscription is as follows : — 
 
 In a vault under the Founder's tombe, lieth 
 buryed the body of FRANCIS BEAUMONT, Mas-
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 149 
 
 ter of Artes, Esquier, late Master of this ye 
 Kinges Hosjjitall. He was second sonne of Ni- 
 cholas Beaumount, of Coloverton, in ye county 
 of Leces^, Escf . He dyed ye 18"' of June, A° 1()24. 
 This monument was erected by Elizabeth Lady 
 Richardson, Baroness of Cramond, in Scotland, 
 liis nece and executris, daug' to Sir Tho* Beau- 
 mount of Stanton, in the co afibrsaid, and brother to ye 
 
 said Francis. 
 
 The other monuments in the Chapel are for the most 
 part tasteless and inelegant ; there are, however, a few 
 exceptions. On the south wall is a full-sized figure of 
 Edward Lord Ellenborough, by Chantrey. He is re- 
 presented sitting, in his robes as Cliief Justice, with the 
 following legend : — 
 
 In the Founder's vault are deposited the remains of 
 
 EDWARD LAW, Lord Ellenborough, 
 
 son of Edmund Law, Lord Bishop of CarKsle, 
 
 Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench from April 
 
 1802 to November 1818, 
 
 and a Governor of the Charter-House. 
 
 He died December 13"', 1818, in the 69"" year of his age; 
 
 and, in grateful remembrance of 
 
 the advantages he had derived through life from ids 
 
 education 
 upon the Foundation of the Charter-House, 
 
 desired to be buried in this Church.
 
 150 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 As we proceed to the west from this monument, our 
 attention is drawn to a stone in the shape of a lozenge 
 on the pavement, with the simple initials M. R. This 
 marks the burial-f)lace of one of the most eminent Mas- 
 ters the Charter-House School ever possessed, Matthew 
 Raine. On the same wall as that of Lord Ellenborough, 
 a tablet has been erected to his memory, inscribed thus : — 
 
 mathtEO raine, s.t.p. 
 
 Coll. Trin. in Academic Cantabrigieaisi socio 
 Scholae Carthusian se cujus an tea fuerat alumnus 
 
 Per XX amios archididascalo 
 
 In capella Societatis Anglice dictse Grays Inn, 
 
 ami. II mens, iii concionatori 
 
 qui vixit ann. Li mens, in dieb. xxix, 
 
 decessit xv cal. Octobr. anno sacro mdcccxi, 
 
 et in hoc sacello sepultus est. 
 
 Homini, justo, integro, pio, 
 
 Civi in patriam optime animato, 
 
 interpreti Sacrae Scripturse 
 
 veritatis cupidiori quam contentionis, 
 
 et solito audientiam sibi facere 
 
 naturali quadam auctoritate, 
 
 et genere orationis gravi ac virili, 
 
 magistro liberalium artium, 
 
 Groecis et Latinis Uteris apprime docto, 
 
 et praBceptori recte vivendi, 
 
 propter suavitatem sermonis atque morum dignissimo
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 151 
 
 qui in loco sancti parentis haberetur, 
 
 discipuli ejus sua sponte suo que sumptu 
 
 H. M. P. CC. 
 
 On the west wall, over the entrance to the Ante-Chapel, 
 is a half-length figure of John Law, Esquire, " one of 
 ye executors to ye Founder, deceased ye 17th October, 
 1614, aged 61." He is represented in the costume of 
 the period. 
 
 At the foot of the Altar, a plain stone marks the burial- 
 place of John Patrick, D. D., Preacher to the House, 
 who died in the year 1695, with the simple but emphatic 
 inscription, " His works praise him." In the Chancel, 
 a small tablet records the death of Mr. Gatty, the Re- 
 gistrar, in 1838 ; but the remaining monuments in the 
 Church are erected in the recess to the north. A marble 
 tablet to the memory of Andrew Tooke, Master, is the 
 first that offers itself to our notice. It bears the following 
 inscription : — 
 
 Juxta situs est 
 ANDREAS TOOKE, A.M., 
 
 Scholae Carthusianae archididascalus, necnon in Coll. 
 Greshamensi Geometrise professor. Scire autem si velis, 
 lector, quahs fuerit, ante oculos pone virum corporis et 
 animi dotibus egregium. In omni literarum genere prse- 
 cellentem in Platonis avfjiiroa-La, vel Ciceronis Tusculam 
 inter primarios rccumbeutcm ; Granunaticum, Accuratis-
 
 152 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 simum, Criticum, Oculatissimum. In reconditissimis Rei 
 Antiquariae atq ; Historicse penetralibus versatissimum ; 
 quem Musae porro omnes plusquam quinta deliciarum 
 suarum parte et totum perfuderunt ; et penitus imbue- 
 runt; qui Mathematica Studia Philologicis in utroq; sum- 
 mus mirifice conciliavit; In pueris instruendis, turn in 
 sacris, turn in classicis literis, ut sapiens Arcliiteetus, et 
 fundamenta fideliter jecit, et ad coronidem feliciter per- 
 duxit. Erat ei inj^enium facile, uber, aptum, sermo gravis 
 ac festivus ; Acer aliquando sed urbanus leporibus ac 
 facetiis, tanquam sale conspersus ; Atticus omnino et 
 Atticis auribus plane dignus : In pectore ejus pura fides 
 nudaque Veritas Human se pariter ac divinae habitarunt 
 et vigebant. Cum bonorum omnium amore summo et 
 existimatione ducebat vitam ; Mansuetus quippe fuerat 
 comis et benevolus ; Moribus suavissimis, candidissimis- 
 que. Jam religiosus amicitiae cultor, ut amici commodum 
 suo post-habito unice anteferret. In his tandem ad 
 Famam saecularem et felicitatem aeternam apprime spec- 
 tantibus, et maxime gloriabatur, et summo exultabat 
 gaudio. 
 
 Natus \ f 1673. 
 
 Denatus > A. C. j 1731. 
 
 ^tatis ) (58.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 153 
 
 Near this, ou the same wall, is a moimment to the 
 memory of Dr. Thomas Walker, with the following 
 epitaph : — 
 
 M. S. 
 
 THOM^ WALKERI, LL.D., 
 
 Scholse Carthusianae 
 
 primum alumni, 
 
 turn subpraeceptoris, 
 
 et demum per annos 49 
 
 Archididascali ; 
 
 qui 
 
 Hebraicam, Graecam, Latinamque linguam, 
 
 peraccurate tenuit 
 
 nee muneri suo fungendo magis fuit idoneus 
 
 quam in cunctis ejus partibus implendis 
 
 diKgens et assiduus, 
 
 gravitatem cum urbanitate feliciter temperavit 
 
 nee hilarem se praestitit cum severitatem 
 
 tempus postulabat. Animi magnitudine prsecelluit 
 
 hinc mirus in eo semper eluxit 
 
 cum pecuniae turn glorise contemptus 
 
 et laude digna facere non laudari gestiit ; 
 
 denique vera pietas, incorrupta morum probitas 
 
 et tota vitae ratio bene subducta 
 
 suis eum, quod certe scimus, cliarum 
 
 Deo, per Jesu Christi merita 
 
 quod fidentes speramus 
 
 acceptum reddidere.
 
 154 CHRONICLES OF CIIARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 Uxorem, filium, filiamque, moriens reliquit, 
 
 ilia conjugem, hi patrem 
 
 amantissimum pariter redamarunt 
 
 et ereptum moerentes defient. 
 
 Reliquiae ejus hoc props manner positae 
 
 felicem expectant resurrectionem. 
 
 Natus est Assingtoniae in agro SuiFolcienci 
 
 XII die Martii, 1647. 
 
 Denatus in aedihus Carthusianis 
 
 XII die Junii, 1728, 
 
 anno eetatis suee 81. 
 
 In the Chancel, a plain stone marks the resting-place of 
 Henry Levett, M. D., Physician to the Hospital in 1725, 
 whilst a marble tombstone is erected to his memory on the 
 north wall, bearing the following legend : — 
 
 H. S. E. 
 
 apud suos Carthusianos, 
 
 cjuos ita semper unice dilexit et coluit, 
 
 ut quorum intra parietes enutritus est, 
 
 in iisdem vivere voluerit et mori 
 
 HENRICUS LEVETT, M.D., 
 
 qui 
 
 Oxonise 
 
 e collegio S. Magdalense 
 
 in socium cooptatus Exoniensem 
 
 Londini
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 155 
 
 nosocomio S. Bartholomgei praepositus 
 
 et in regali medicorum societate 
 
 non una vice, et censor et thesaurarius 
 
 ad hujusce insuper hospitii curam accersitus, 
 
 ^des sibi pro suo niunere destinatas 
 
 sumptu baud modico instauravit ; 
 
 easque egregium successoribus suis donum 
 
 et sibi ipsi monumentum reliquit, 
 
 diversis bujusce vitae ofRciis 
 
 qviocunqne ea in loco obtigerant 
 
 feliciter functus, 
 
 omnium commodis inserviit 
 
 et omnibus gratiam 
 
 et sine invidia laudem consecutus est ; 
 
 erat enim ingenio 
 
 simplici, aperto, perhumano, 
 
 antiquis moribus et fide, 
 
 neqvie illo quisquam 
 
 aut amici aut viri probi 
 
 aut medici denique scientis et assidui 
 
 partes cumulatius explevit. 
 
 Ob. Julii, A. C. 1725. ^t. 58. 
 
 On this wall there are also monuments to the memory 
 of John Christopher Pepusch, Organist to the House, 
 1767; Samuel Berdmore, 1801; Thomas Ramsden, 1813; 
 James Currey, Preacher, 1823; Augustus Nicholson 
 Saunders, 1838 ; two children of the late Head-Master of
 
 156 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-nOUSE. 
 
 the School, the Reverend Dr. Russell, who died in the 
 same year ; Hemy Cromwell Field, Resident Medical 
 Officer, 1840; Dr. Philip Fisher, late Master of the Hos- 
 pital, and Mary his wife, 1841, and their nephew Edmund 
 Coiu'oy Fisher, who deceased in 1842. The following are 
 the inscriptions to the memory of Drs. Berdmore and 
 
 Fisher : — 
 
 Memoriae 
 
 SAMUELIS BERDMORE, 
 S. T. D. 
 
 Nottinghamige nati, 
 
 qui liac domo institutus, 
 
 et inter socios Collegii Jesu 
 
 apud Cantabrigiensem adlectus, 
 
 hujusce Archididascalus scholse 
 
 fuit co-optatus, 
 
 quo munere naviter perfunctus est 
 
 annos xxii 
 vixit plus frugi integer benignus 
 
 annos lxii 
 
 decessit magno bonorum mserore 
 
 anno m.dccc.i. 
 
 Hujus ad introitum sacelli 
 
 quod fuit mortale est sepultimi. 
 
 Hie 
 
 prope conjugem dilectissimam 
 
 quod semjDer in votis erat
 
 CUARTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 157 
 
 conditus est 
 
 PHILIPPUS FISHER, S. T. P., Canonicus Norvicensis, 
 
 et per annos xxviii hujusce hospitii magister. 
 
 Vir amore literarum 
 
 constantia et prudentia insignis 
 
 summis sevi sui viris amicitia conjunctus 
 
 in filiorum ingenio studiis moribus colendis 
 
 solicitus ac sagax ; 
 
 annos vixit xcii 
 
 decessit die Januarii decimo nono 
 
 anno sacro, m.dccc.xlii. 
 
 In Christo quiescit. 
 
 GuLiELMUS filius unicus e tribus superstes 
 
 patri Optimo desideratissimo titulum posuit. 
 
 On the pavement is a grave-stone to the memory of 
 James Sidgrave, a native of Garsting, in Lincohishire, 
 who was Housekeeper to the Hospital for twenty-one 
 years. 
 
 Before we quit the Chapel we must notice the Evidence- 
 Room, which we reach by a staircase behind the Organ. 
 For the better preservation of the Records of the Hos- 
 pital, which are here kept, against fire or any other cala- 
 mity, the room is cased throughout with iron, and there 
 are no fewer than three doors, two of that metal, and 
 one of wood, to guard against a forcible entry. The re- 
 gulations with regard to entrance to this chamber are 
 very strict, there being but three keys, wliich are in the
 
 158 
 
 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 possession of the Master, the Registrar, and one of the 
 Governors. 
 
 In taking leave of the Chapel by way of the Cloister, 
 our attention is drawn to a small door on the right : this 
 communicates with a spiral staircase leading to the roof of 
 the tower. 
 
 The tower is square, and is surmounted by a heavy 
 Italian parapet, with a thing in the shape of a pinnacle 
 at each angle. The whole is crowned with a wooden 
 dome, resting on pillars supporting semicircular arches : 
 the dome carries on its top a vane representing the Char- 
 ter-House arms. Under tliis cupola is the bell, which 
 bears the following legend : — 
 
 T^S 
 
 BARTLET 
 
 FOR THE CHARTER-HOUSE 
 MADE THIS BELL. 1631. 
 
 On the north side of the tower is a large clock, the 
 works of which are well worthy of inspection. 
 
 In the vault beneath the Chapel is the coffin of Sutton, 
 
 the form and details of which are so strangely Egyptian,
 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. \'ii) 
 
 that the annexed wood-cut is given to enlighten tlie 
 reader. 
 
 Returning by the Cloister, we stop at a door on the 
 right, which conducts us to 
 
 BROOKE HALL, 
 
 Named after Mr. Robert Brooke, fourth Master of the 
 School, who was ejected for not taking the solemn league 
 and covenant, but to whom, on the Restoration, this apart- 
 ment belonged. Over the fireplace is an ancient portrait 
 of a man reading, with the following motto inscribed 
 on the sides : — 
 
 And gladly would he leanij and gladly teach. 1626. 
 
 This has occasioned many surmises and suppositions : 
 some suppose it to be a likeness of Brooke ; while others 
 assert that neither the date, nor the apparent age of the 
 figure, by any means agree with the account received 
 of that gentleman, who, it appears, was but a young man 
 when admitted Usher, in 1626. The last conjecture was, 
 that the portrait was either that of Nicholas Grey, the 
 first Schoolmaster, who resigned his place in 1624, or 
 of his brother Robert Grey, who ceased to be Master in 
 1626.* 
 
 This room is now used as a dining-room for the Officers 
 of the House, where they meet daily, and occasionally 
 
 * Notes on Charter- House, " The Carthusian," vol. ii.
 
 160 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 introduce a friend, or an old Carthusian, to participate 
 in the bounty of Sutton. Retracing our steps along the 
 Cloister, we enter a small paved hall, and to our right 
 we spy the foot of 
 
 THE GREAT STAIRCASE. 
 
 This is magnificently carved with arabesque ornaments, 
 of somewhat the same character as those on the gallery 
 of the Great Hall. It is six feet wide, and consists of 
 twenty-one steps. Midway there is a large window look- 
 ing into the Master's Court. Arrived at the top, we 
 see on our right the entrance to the apartments of 
 Mr. Dicken, the Reader ; on our left, an ante-chamber 
 conducts us either to 
 
 THE TERRACE, 
 
 A fine paved walk of near eighty yards in length, which 
 commands a view of the Green ; or to 
 
 THE LIBRARY, 
 
 Wliich we enter through a door on our left. This con- 
 tains a valuable collection of erudite and scarce works, 
 the principal of which were once in the possession of 
 Daniel Wray, Esquire, who at his death directed his 
 wife to offer them to the Governors of Charter-House.
 
 <1> 
 H 
 
 >— ) 
 
 i-i- 
 
 1^
 
 J 
 
 ;.=^ 
 
 i!-? 
 
 <5 
 
 '•-^ 
 
 ■a 

 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NO^V EXISTS. 161 
 
 They were graciously accepted ; and they now remain 
 under the custody of the Librarian, the collection being 
 annually increased. Over the fireplace is a portrait of 
 Mr. Wray, and a bronze medallion of the same gentleman. 
 The latter is inscribed, " Daniel Wray, Anglus, aet. xxiv;" 
 and on the reverse, " Nil actum reputans cum quid super- 
 esset agendum." Above the portrait the Charter-House 
 arms shine in all the grandeur of heraldic blazonry. Ad- 
 joining is 
 
 THE governors' ROOM, 
 
 The decorations of which date about the time of Eliza- 
 beth, and are of the most magnificent description. The 
 ceiling is flat, and is adorned with the armorial distinctions 
 of Thomas Duke of Norfolk, brilliantly painted and gilt. 
 His motto, " Sola virtus invicta," is inscribed on ornamen- 
 tal scrolls, tastefully arranged alternately with the date of 
 the year, 1838, in which tliis remnant of Elizabethan splen- 
 dour was rescued from ruin. Previous to that time the 
 emblazoned shields, which now glitter so brightly in gold 
 and silver, were well-nigh obliterated with whitewash. 
 The figures in the tapestry presented a motley mixture 
 of undistinguishable objects ; half of the beautifully carved 
 cornice which now supports the ceiling had vanished, 
 and the room was an admirable specimen of modern dis- 
 figurement. How changed is the scene now ! The ta- 
 pestry, cleaned and re-hung, is in an excellent state of 
 
 M
 
 1G2 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 preservation ; the ceiling shines with a dazzling lustre ; 
 and the heausemhlant of the chimney-piece is no longer 
 clouded by the murky filth of centuries. 
 
 The paintings on this consist of the following : — In 
 the intercolumniations of the four pillars which form the 
 basement, are arabesque shields containing paintings of 
 Mars and Minerva ; and over the space for the stove, 
 representations of Faith, Hope, and Charity : above this is 
 a shield charged with Mr. Sutton's arms, with his initials, 
 T. S., one on each side. A large oval containing the 
 Royal arms surmounts this, with the emblems of the 
 four Evangelists in the spandrils formed by the square 
 panel of which it is the centre. On each side is an arch, 
 supported by Ionic pillars, upon which are ovals, in which 
 are portraits of the twelve Apostles. The colours used 
 are black, red, and gold. 
 
 In this room there are four square-headed windows 
 of five, four, and two lights, transom.ed. 
 
 The tapestry on the walls consists of six pieces ; three of 
 large dimensions, the subjects of which are not known, 
 though many conjectures have been hazarded. The 
 largest piece represents a King, sitting enthroned, crown- 
 ed, and sceptred ; behind him is a woman in plain attire ; 
 whilst at his feet kneels a Queen, who is followed by a 
 retinue, consisting of two black men carrying a cushion, 
 upon which rests a model of a fortress, another bearing 
 the key of this citadel, and other attendants. This has 
 been taken for the siege of Calais, and also the siege
 
 
 
 pi 
 
 «5 
 
 "Si 
 
 ^ 
 
 
 ■!-( 
 ^§^ 

 
 CIIARTER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 163 
 
 of Troy ; the last supposition is, that it is a repre- 
 sentation of the visit of the Queen of Sheba to Solomon. 
 
 A second piece has been supposed to represent David, 
 armed by Saul, in the act of sallying forth to meet " the 
 uncircumcised Philistine." Two armies are seen in the 
 background. 
 
 Another appears to be a mixture of Scriptural subjects ; 
 a scene in the foreground does not much differ from the 
 account of Deborah with Sisera's head, whilst the death of 
 Abimelech is depicted behind. Three other pieces, con- 
 taining figures of men, some of which are crowned, all 
 which bear a striking resemblance the one to the other, I 
 suppose to be intended for the Judges and Kings of Israel. 
 Similar illustrations are not unfrequently found in ancient 
 Bibles. 
 
 Retracing our steps down the Great Staircase, we come 
 to 
 
 THE GREAT HALL 
 
 This is the most ancient of the buildings which date 
 subsequent to the Reformation, the west wall being part 
 of the conventual edifice. It was most probably built by 
 Sir Edward North, who obtained the Charter-House for 
 his private residence in 1535. At the west end is a 
 spacious music-gallery, which from the style of carving, as 
 well as the letters T. N. and the date 1571, appears to be- 
 long to the period when the unfortunate Duke of Norfolk 
 was a prisoner in his own house. This communicates with 
 
 M 2
 
 164 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 a smaller gallery at the side of the room, which was used 
 as a passage from the great staircase to other parts of the 
 house, and is of the same antiquity as the Hall. The roof 
 is plastered, panelled with wood, and arched in the centre. 
 
 The room is lighted by three large windows, which have 
 four-centred arches, and four smaller square-headed ones. 
 They consist of five lights, transomed and supermuUioned. 
 One is sunk in a recess, with panel-work sculpture de- 
 scending to the ground. I'here is also a lantern in the 
 centre of the roof, which admits a tolerable quantity of 
 light. In the windows are some curious fragments of 
 stained glass. One pane contains the arms of the Lord 
 Protector, Duke of Somerset, encircled by the garter ; an- 
 other contains a collection of pieces, the subject of which is 
 rather ambiguous, the chief objects being a woman walk- 
 ing over a bridge, two horsemen galloping through the 
 water underneath, a ship, the crown of Spain, the arms 
 of Castile and Arragon, and the date 1670. A third pane 
 contains the arms of the Founder, Sutton. 
 
 The chimney-piece was an addition by Mr. Sutton, and 
 is of later date than any other part of the building. It 
 is carved in stone, but is of grotesque design, consisting of 
 imaginary scrolls, in the style of the Renaissance school. 
 The arms of the Founder, surmounted by helmet, man- 
 tlings, and crest, complete, are well executed ; as also 
 are two small pieces of ordnance on each side, which 
 are boldly, yet accui'ately wrought. Beneath these, and in 
 the centre above the space allotted to the stove, is an oval,
 
 ^ 
 
 H 
 
 ^ 
 
 ^ 
 
 'Wb 
 
 ^ 
 ^ 
 
 
 eg)
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 165 
 
 upon which is carved a dragon, or some fabulous monster; 
 it is now very much mutilated. 
 
 One thing yet remains to be spoken of, and that is 
 the noble portrait of Mr. Sutton at the upper end of 
 the Hall. He is represented cbessed in a black gown, 
 sitting in an antique, high-backed chair, and holding in 
 his right hand the ground-plan of the Charter-House. 
 Within the last few years a print has been engraved from 
 this portrait, on a reduced scale. 
 
 This room is now used as a dining-hall for the Pen- 
 sioners, and the banquet is held here on the ever-memo- 
 rable 12th of December. A door on the right opens into 
 
 THE UPPER HALL, 
 
 A small, low room, devoid of all ornament except the chim- 
 ney-piece, which is carved in stone, and has the Founder's 
 arms sculptured above, in a style resembling that in the 
 Great Hall. The windows are square-headed ; and, al- 
 though the room has a gloomy and monastic air about it, 
 we hesitate to ascribe to it that antiquity, which the 
 worthy porter does, who conducts the stranger over the 
 Hospital ; he would fain have us believe, that it was 
 formerly the refectory for the lay -brothers of the Monas- 
 tery. It is now used as a dining-hall for the Scholars on 
 the foundation. In one corner is a massive door, which 
 opens into the Cloister, which we shall have occasion to 
 notice by-and-by.
 
 166 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Returning through the Great Hall, we make , our exit 
 through a door under the Music-Gallery, which opens into 
 a stone passage, on the right of which are the apartments 
 of Mr. Tucker, the Manciple. On the left, an outlet opens 
 into the Master's Court; and in the centre are thi'ee door- 
 ways of depressed Tudor arches within a square head, the 
 spandrils being filled with roses, foliage, and angels bear- 
 ing sliields. 
 
 These lead to 
 
 THE GREAT KITCHEN, 
 
 Which gives the stranger some idea of the immense con- 
 sumption of the house. The fire, we are told, can well 
 roast fifteen sirloins. On one of the stones which form 
 the pavement of this room there are still to be traced the 
 remains of brass rivets ; pretty sure indications that 
 it once bore the brazen efiigy of a prior or monk of 
 La Chartreuse. 
 
 For the more regular review of the bviildings of Charter- 
 House, we must retrace our steps through the Master's 
 Court and the Entrance Court, and direct our course to 
 the new buildings, the " Gown-Boys'," and Green, a road 
 which we avoided upon our first setting out. To proceed, 
 then, dowTi this road, we first have to pass another gate- 
 way, more ancient than the outer one, but which pos- 
 sesses no ornamental attractions. It is a four-centred 
 arch, not so depressed as that of the outer gate ; no mould- 
 ings or traces of a cbipstone are now visible ; the wall is
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 
 
 167 
 
 built over it for some height, and then terminates in a 
 horizontal parapet, suj)portecl by a plain corbel table. 
 
 The wall on our right now offers itself to our notice, and 
 we cannot help observing the ancient character of the 
 masonry, and the rough unhewn surface of the stone, 
 which are evidences of its having been part of the monastic 
 buildings. The letters IH, with a cross of Calvary, 
 which are worked into the wall, savour of the ecclesiastical 
 character of its inmates. The letters IH, worked out in 
 red brick on this wall, have been a matter of some discus- 
 sion. Some have supposed them to be the two first letters 
 of our Saviour's monogram, but, upon close examination, 
 it will be found that there are no traces of the final S. 
 The arch beneath, over which is the cross of Calvary, must 
 have had its meaning. It has been suggested that it is the 
 entrance to a burial crypt, and that the letters IH are the 
 initials of the unfortunate Prior Houghton, interred in the 
 vault beneath. A doorway on the right opens into
 
 168 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 THE ABBOT S COURT. 
 
 This was called, at tlie period when Charter-House was 
 known as Howard House, by the name of the Kitchen 
 Court : subsequently it obtained the name of Wash-House 
 Court, and this was changed some time ago for Poplar 
 Court, on account of some poplar-trees which formerly 
 grew there, but which so inconvenienced the buildings, 
 that they were removed a few years since. The name 
 disappeared with them, and the court is now called by its 
 former incorrect cognomen. 
 
 Of the courts, this is the most solitary and retired, and 
 also the most ancient. In one corner half an arch is to be 
 seen, the remaining half has been incorporated wath the 
 east side of the court. The stone windows, though square- 
 headed, betoken antiquity ; their aspect is mutilated and 
 time-worn, and demands our respect. Little do we think 
 we are in the Great Metropolis when we enter this silent 
 retreat ; the grass grows in the centre, in all the viridity 
 of fruitful vegetation ; how well adapted for the abode 
 of a pious ascetic ! Returning, we enter 
 
 THE preacher's COURT. 
 
 This is a range of new buildings, castellated and turretted, 
 built in the year 1825, after the designs of Edward Blore, 
 Esquire. It is named after the Preacher, whose residence
 
 (L\)xonult5 Off. (Eliaxt^r )^j>u<iz 
 
 m 
 
 John JJrown. 3t j<o 
 
 3c ^.6. Jt<.e<J Lion Sa Holbor 
 
 Til 
 
 (lll)« ,]8x£cicb£r^ (E^urt.
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 169 
 
 is on the east side. In the centre of the north side is a 
 gateway, witli an octanguhir turret on each side, one of 
 which contains the bell, wliich sounds regularly every 
 quarter of an hour before the meals of the Pensioners, " to 
 summon the wayfarer home." On the west side are apart- 
 ments for some of them. On the south and east sides is a 
 paved cloister, and at the south-east angle is to be seen the 
 large west window of the Governors' Room, above which 
 are five shields, excellently carved in stone. The gateway 
 in the centre of the north side has a depressed Tudor arch, 
 within a square head, the spandrils of which are filled with 
 shields charged with the Charter-House arms. The para- 
 pet above is embattled. This leads us to 
 
 THE pensioners' COURT, 
 
 So named on account of the residences of the Poor Bre- 
 thren, which are on each side. This is of the same date 
 and style of architecture as the preceding, but does not 
 boast of the cloistered walk which beautifies it. In the 
 centre of each side is a fine gateway, similar to the one 
 before described as opening into this from the Preacher's 
 Court, but without the two octangular towers. The 
 one on our left opens into the stable-yard and servants' 
 apartments ; that on the north side into the burial-ground ; 
 and that on our right into
 
 ]7«) CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 THE SCHOLARS COURT. 
 
 Upon entering this, a fine, substantial, and handsome 
 house at the north-east angle attracts our notice. This is the 
 residence of the Head-Master, and was rebuilt at the same 
 time as the new courts were erected. A small house on 
 the north side is the residence of the Matron ; and in the 
 south-east corner is a lodge assigned to the use of the 
 Gown-Boys' Butler. On the east side, a semicircular-arched 
 doorway, with the stones of the quoined work on the sides 
 thickly engraven with the names of those Scholars on the 
 foundation who have left the quiet realms of Chartreuse, 
 and are embarked on the troubled stream of life, together 
 with the date of their departure, conducts us to the apart- 
 ments allotted to the boys on the Foundation, and which, 
 having no real name attached to them, are called after the 
 Scholars themselves, 
 
 "gown-boys'." 
 
 They consist of a Hall and a Writing-School. The 
 former has recently been decorated with a stone chimney- 
 piece in the Elizabethan style, and the ceiling has been 
 adorned with arabesque shields and scrolls. It is used for 
 all the meals of the Scholars, except dinner, and also as a 
 sitting-room for the " Uppers." Opposite this is the Writing- 
 School. This is a fine square room, and is part of the old 
 School. The roof is supported by four massive wooden
 
 ((l,htomclt^ oi (lL[?art£r 'J&onU 
 
 TaltiiJlruwil.Sc ?3 Bed lion SifHolbom .
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOAY EXISTS. I7i 
 
 pillars, and is ornamented with nine shields, of very fan- 
 ciful design, charged with the armorial bearings of the 
 Founder, the first Governors, and other personages in 
 some way or other interested in the Hospital, a list of 
 which will be given presently. This is used as a sitting- 
 room for the " Unders." 
 
 Leaving this, we depart through a door which looks 
 into the Green, but which opens into 
 
 THE CLOISTER, 
 
 A long arched row of buildings on the west side of the 
 Green. The west wall is evidently incorporated with the 
 ancient range of cells, as may be seen by an ancient door- 
 way, which still exists. It is an equilateral arch within a 
 square head, the spandrils being filled with quatrefoils. It 
 is very much mutilated, and all mouldings that there may 
 have formerly been are now wholly obliterated. The east 
 wall is of brick, and is supposed to have been built by the 
 Duke of Norfolk, in the year 1571. The figures 1.5.7. were 
 stamped in iron on the west side, and the figure 1 has 
 subsequently been added ; and when we remember that 
 it was in 1571 when the Duke was finally imprisoned, 
 and also that that date is carved on the music-gallery in 
 the Great Hall, we think that is sufficient ground for the 
 addition. There is not much attempt at ornament, 
 the windows being plain squares in the wall. There ap- 
 pears to have been a flat ceiling, or quasi-roof, innnediately
 
 172 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 above the windows, traces of which still remain. Above 
 this is the Terrace, which we mentioned before. In the 
 centre of the Cloisters is an abutment in the form of half 
 an octagon, which has been denominated " Middle Briars " 
 from time immemorial. The etymology of tliis strange 
 name has successfully outbraved inquiry. The Cloisters, 
 being covered and paved with stone, are the favourite re- 
 sort of the football and hockey players, who are there safe 
 from the inclemencies of the weather. We now find our- 
 selves in the Green ; but we proceed to our left, and enter 
 the Head-Master's house, to see the other half of the Old 
 School-Room, which is now used as a sitting-room for his 
 Scholars. The ceiKng of this room is ornamented in a 
 style precisely like that of the Gown Boys' Writing-School, 
 being only separated from it by a thick wall. There 
 are, together with those in the Writing-School, eighteen 
 shields, consisting of the following : — 
 
 1. The armorial bearings of George Abbot, Archbishop 
 of Canterbury : Canterbuiy impaling Gules, a chevron 
 between three pears pendant, stalked Or. 
 
 2. Lord Chancellor Egerton : Argent, a lion rampant 
 Gules, between three pheons Sable. 
 
 3. Thomas Sutton, Esquire : Or, on a chevron, between 
 three annulets Gules, as many crescents of the field. 
 
 4. John King, Bishop of London : London, impaling. 
 Sable, a lion rampant Or, crowned Argent, between three 
 crosses crosslet fitchee of the second.
 
 (JiljTsyTticUji d iSh^aicitrfi^on^t. 
 
 JoKa. ^TO-wn Sc 23 pLftd Lion Sq HflBorii .
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOAV EXISTS 173 
 
 5. The Earl of Northampton: Gules, a bend between 
 six crosses erosslet fitchee Argent. 
 
 6. Henry Thoresby, Esquire : Argent, a chevron be- 
 tween three lions rampant Sable. 
 
 7. Launcelot Andrews, Bishop of Ely : Ely, impaling, 
 Argent, on a bend engrailed and cotised Sable three mul- 
 lets of the field. 
 
 8. Uncertain. 
 
 9. Uncertain. 
 
 10. John Overall, D. D., Dean of St. Paul's : London, 
 impaling, Or, a cross patonee, between four annulets 
 Gules. 
 
 11. Dr. George Mountain, Dean of Westminster: 
 Barry lozengy Or and Azure, on a chief Gules three 
 crosses erosslet of the first. 
 
 12. Jeffrey Nightingale, Esquire : Per pale, Ermine 
 and Gules, a rose counterchanged. 
 
 13. Sir James Altham : Paly of six, Ermine and Azure, 
 on a chief Gules a lion rampant Or. 
 
 14. Thomas Sutton, Esquire. 
 
 15. Richard Sutton, Esquire : Or, a Hon rampant Vert, 
 a canton Ermine. 
 
 16. John Law : Gules, on a chief, indented Argent, 
 two wolves' heads, erased, of the field. 
 
 17. Francis Beaumont, Master: Azure, semee of fleui's- 
 de-lis, a lion rampant Or. 
 
 18. Thomas Browne : Ermine, on a fess, embattled 
 and counter-embattled, Sable, three escallops Or.
 
 174 CHRONICLES OF CIIARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 At the upper end of the room are the Royal arms, 
 sculptured in stone, which, as the letters J. R. indicate, 
 are of the date of James the First's reign. We now leave 
 this, and turning to our left, we find ourselves in 
 
 UNDER GREEN, 
 
 So called on account of its being exclusively the pro- 
 perty of the " Unders." It is a fine square grass-plat, 
 about three acres in extent, and is bounded on the north 
 by Wilderness-Row, on the east by Gos well- Street, on the 
 south by the School and " Upper Green," and on the 
 west by 
 
 THE master's garden. 
 
 A small, yet complete little flower-garden, formed of shady 
 walks and choice parterres, and adorned with some very 
 rare trees and shrubs, which, we must confess, have but a 
 dingy hue. Notwithstanding, there are not many such 
 gardens in London. A fountain plays into a stone basin 
 in the centre of the lawn ; and a row of iron railings at 
 a short distance to the west marks the separation of this 
 garden from 
 
 the burial-ground. 
 
 Where the bodies of the Poor Brethren are interred. 
 There are a few tombstones to the memory of other
 
 CIIAIITER-IIOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 175 
 
 people, among whom may be mentioned Dr. Hulmc, 
 Physician to Charter-House, who died in 1808, from a 
 fall down stciirs when at the advanced age of seventy-five. 
 Returning to " Under Green," we proceed to visit 
 
 THE SCHOOL, 
 
 A large brick building, without any show of ornament, 
 erected on a small hill which separates the two Greens. 
 This hill is supposed to have been raised over the northern 
 range of the Cloisters. The School was built after the 
 designs of Mr. Pilkington, in the year 1803. The large 
 door in the centre is surrounded by stones bearing the 
 names of former Carthusians, similar to that of the Old 
 School, before mentioned. We enter by a double door, 
 and suddenly find ourselves caught in a maze of forms, 
 entangled among the intricacies of innumerable desks. 
 Before us is a large seat, elevated on three steps, and 
 surmounted by a canopy, where the Head-Master presides 
 at prayers and other occasions, and which is capable of 
 containing six persons. Five smaller desks, for the use of 
 the Usher and Assistant Masters, are arranged convenient- 
 ly over the room ; one at each end, one in front, and one 
 on each side of that of the Head-Master. Four horseshoes 
 are placed before four of these desks, capable of comfort- 
 ably seating sixteen boys. Eight gigantic maps adorn 
 the walls. These were set up at a cost of 3661., and re- 
 present the World, Europe and America, England and
 
 176 CnRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Italy, Palestine and Greece. Six large windows, besides 
 an octagonal lantern in the centre of the roof, give light to 
 the room. Both at the east and the west end there is 
 a small room, where the Masters occasionally retire with 
 their classes, to avoid the noise of the School. They are 
 also used for the French and Drawing classes. Behind 
 the Head-Master's desk another room has recently been 
 erected. 
 
 As we leave the " classic den," we pause to regard the 
 names sculptured on the exterior, and to see if amongst 
 them we recognize either a notable bully or an early 
 companion. Doubtless, there are both. On the key- 
 stone of the arch are engraved the names of the Head- 
 Masters since the time of Dr. Crusins : — 
 
 E. L. Crusins, 1719. 
 J. Hotchkis, 1720. 
 S. Berdmore, 1755. 
 M. Raine, 1778. 
 J. Russell, 1803. 
 A. P. Saunders, 1819. 
 
 We now direct our course to St. Thomas's Church and 
 Schools, specimens of modern architecture, the former of 
 which was built a few years ago on a small piece of ground 
 which the Governors of Charter-House kindly granted for 
 that purpose, the latter now in course of erection. The 
 entrance is in Goswell-Street. The side next Charter-
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 177 
 
 House is surrounded by a high brick wall. We now 
 advance a few steps, and find ourselves in 
 
 UPPER GREEN. 
 
 This is not so large by an acre as " Under Green," but, 
 the situation being more convenient and the ground su- 
 perior, it has been chosen by the *' Uppers" for their place 
 of recreation. It is here that the cricket-matches are 
 played, which take place regularly every year between the 
 present and old Carthusians. 
 
 To oiu' left is a gravel walk, the site of the ancient 
 eastern range of cloisters, wliich two doorways, entrances 
 to the habitations of the monks, clearly indicate. These 
 are similar, both in form and ornament, to the one on the 
 opposite side, the only difference being in height ; but 
 when we see that on the one side the ground may have 
 been raised, whilst on the other the pavement of the 
 cloisters prevent it, we may suppose them to have been of 
 the same size. On the left of these, close to the ground, 
 are two fiat square stones, which tradition reports to be the 
 foot of the coffin of the recluse who inhabited the cell. 
 The wall is evidently part of the ancient Monastery. 
 
 On a modern part of this wall, and between these two 
 doorways, is a rude kind of coronet, with the word 
 CROWN underneath, painted in white. This is the spot 
 where the Crown Inn formerly stood. The legend among 
 the Scholars is, that the late Lord Ellenborough, when at 
 
 N
 
 178 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 Charter-House, painted this said crown ; and, when revisit- 
 ing the scenes of his youth many years afterwards, was 
 surprised to find it entire and perfect, as he had left it. 
 DeHghted at this, he expressed a wish that it might be 
 now and then renewed, and not allowed to fall into obli\ion. 
 Wliether or not this is true, the crown, with the letters 
 beneath, is kept painted and restored, as soon as it begins 
 to look dingy. 
 
 In the south-east corner of the Green, towards which 
 we are now coming, is a fine fives court, and a little 
 nearer us a smaller one. These are now, and have 
 been for years, called the " Tennis Courts." Tliis is 
 a very favourite pastime among Carthusians at all periods 
 of the year. Adjoining the Tennis Court is a door leading 
 to Mr. Walford's house, which we enter, having first 
 passed through a small yard, where a gymnastic pole 
 lias been erected for the divertissement of the Scholars in 
 his house. Two spacious " long rooms " are assigned to 
 their use. 
 
 Returning into the Green, we pass another door, which 
 leads to the Day-Boys' apartments ; and another beyond 
 that, which conducts us through a passage to the house 
 of Johnson Phillott, Esquire; and we find ourselves once 
 more at the Chapel. 
 
 We have now reviewed all the buildings of Charter- 
 House ; we have revisited the scene of many a youthful 
 adventm'e ; we have cast a retrospective glance over nooks
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 179 
 
 and corners known only to Carthusians — spots hallowed in 
 our memory by the recollection of some frolicksome freak 
 which escaped the vigilant eye of the Master. But one 
 thing has not been spoken of, which, for the satisfaction of 
 the occasional reader, must not be omitted, namely, the 
 plan of education which has been so successfully practised 
 at Charter-House, under the jurisdiction of the present 
 Head-Master. Charter-House has been proved to be 
 second to none of the public schools of this country in the 
 production of men to illuminate their age either in clerical 
 or lay capacities. A former Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 and two living Bishops of our Church, are sufficient ex- 
 amples of the soundness of Carthusian divinity. The late 
 Lord Ellenborough, a present Baron of the Exchequer, 
 and a Justice of Her Majesty's Common Pleas, by their 
 proficiency in the law, bear ample testimony to the excellency 
 of Carthusian instruction. Many are the noble names to 
 which Charter-House can boast of having given education, 
 the system of which, as carried on at the present day, it 
 behoves us to explain. Early morning school commences 
 at eight every morning. Between this and " second school," 
 which begins at half-past nine, the scholars have time to 
 break their fast. At twelve they again leave school, and 
 dine ; and at two resume their afternoon studies. At four 
 they are dismissed for the day. The school is divided into 
 seven forms, inclusive of the " Shell," which is a transition 
 state from the third to the fourth form. The very young 
 are called " Petties." The Day-Boys join the Boarders 
 
 N 2
 
 180 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 daily at half-past nine. The Drawing-Master attends on 
 the afternoons of Wednesday and Saturday, the two half- 
 holidays. There is, also, an extra half-holiday generally 
 granted on an occasion of a Carthusian obtaining any dis- 
 tinction at either of the Universities. The Scholars are 
 allowed, at the invitation of parents or friends, to "go 
 out" for the Saturday afternoon and Sunday; provided 
 always, that they return to Charter-House before nine on 
 Sunday evening. The " Uppers " alone enjoy this privi- 
 lege weekly ; the " Unders " are restricted to a fortnightly 
 visit. The vacations retiu-n three times in the year, at 
 Whitsuntide, Midsummer, and Christmas, giving alto- 
 ijether fifteen weeks of recreation to the Scholars. The 
 Gown-Boys have the same privileges, undergo the same 
 treatment, and are subject to the same discipKne as the 
 Boarders. They are, however, prohibited from going out 
 during Lent. A quarter of an hour before every school, 
 and also before dinner and locking up at night, a bell is 
 rung to give notice to the Scholars of the ajDproaching time 
 of studies, dinner, or rest, as it may be. The Chapel-bell 
 also rings at eight and nine at night, to warn the absent 
 Pensioner of the ap2)roacliing hour. There is one pecu- 
 liarity attached to the ringing, which is calculated to serve 
 the office of the ordinary passing-bell, and that is, the 
 number of sLrokes, which must correspond with their 
 number. So that, when a brother Pensioner has deceased, 
 his companions are informed of their loss by one stroke of 
 the bell less than on the preceding evening. 
 
 I
 
 CHARTER-HOUSE AS IT NOW EXISTS. 
 
 181 
 
 In taking leave of tliis excellent Institution, the reader 
 will, we are sure, bear with us in certifying that Charter- 
 House is inferior to none of the charitable establishments 
 of the kingdom. A Hospital, a College, and a School are 
 here united in one. The Pensioners themselves verify, by 
 their venerable looks and healthy appearance, the state- 
 ment that they are well pro\ided for; and the School is 
 rising daily in the estimation of both the Universities 
 by the high honours which Carthusians are carrying in 
 triumph from the field. Under the Saunders administra- 
 tion the numbers are so rapidly increasing, that it has been 
 found absolutely necessary to have an additional room 
 built at the back of the present School-room. 
 
 The reader, whether Carthusian or not, will, we trust, 
 join us with hearty good- will in saying, 
 
 " FLOREAT j^TERNUM CARTHUSIANA DOMUS !" 
 
 EFFIGY OF SDTTON, FROM EIS MONDMENT,
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 I. 
 
 " CARTHUSIENSE CCENOBIUM IN SUBURBIO LONDI- 
 NENSIS CIVITATIS, LA SALUTATION MERE DIEU, 
 NUNCUPATUM. 
 
 " Licentia Edvardi tertii de Fundatione ejusdem. 
 
 "Rex omnibus ad quos &c. salutem. 
 
 " Sciatis, quod de Gratia nostra speciali concessimus et Licen- 
 tiam dedimus, pro nobis et Hseredibus nostris, quantum in nobis 
 est, Dilecto et Fideli nostro Waltero Domino de Mannay Militi, 
 quod ipse et solo suo proprio, viz. in quodam loco extra Barram 
 de West-Smitbfield, London, vocato J^tiuc cljfrdjc Ijaluc, quod 
 quidem solum de nobis non tenetur in capite, quandam domum 
 Monachorum Ordinis Cartusiensis, viz, de quodam Priore et certis 
 Monachis ibidem. La Salutation de Mere Dieu, in bonore Dei et 
 B. Marise Virginis Fundare, et 20 acres terroe cum pertinentiis de 
 solo prtedicto, una cum quadam Capella et aliis Domibus supra 
 terram prsedictam cedificatis, dare possit et assignare prsefatis 
 Priori et Mouacbis, et Successoribus suis, pro inbabitatione sua 
 ibidem facienda, ad Missas, Orationes, et alia Divina Servitia, 
 pro salubri Statu nostro, et ipsius Walteri et Margaretas Uxoris 
 ejus, dum vixerimus ; et pro anima nostra, et pro animabus Pro- 
 seuitorum et Hseredum nostrorum : necnon animabus eorundem
 
 18 i CHRONICLES OF CIIARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 Walter! et Margaretfe, Antecessorum, et Hseredum suorum, cum ab 
 hac luce abstract! fuerimus, et animabus Aliciss de Henaud, et 
 Michaelis Nortbburgb, nuper Episcopi Londiuensis, ac omnium 
 Benefactorum ipsius Walteri, et omnium Fidelium defunctorum in 
 Capella, et domibus prsedictis juxta Ordinationem ipsius Walteri 
 inde faciendam, celebrandas, et faciendas in perpetuum. 
 
 " T. Rege. 
 " ApuJ Westm. 
 f) die Febr." 
 
 II. 
 
 "BULLA URBANI PAP^. 
 
 " Urbanus Episcopus Servus Servorum Dei, Dilectis Filiis, Priori, 
 et Conventui novfe Domus, Matris Dei, prope Londonias, Or- 
 dinis Cartusiensis, Salutem et Apostolicam benedictionem. 
 
 " Exliibita nobis pro vestra parte petitio continebat, quod du- 
 dum faslicis recordationis Clementi Papte Sexto, Prsedecessori 
 nostro, exposito, quod quondam Walterus de Manny, Miles, Ca- 
 meracensis Disecesis, tempore quo mortalitas liominum yigebat in 
 partibus Anglicanis, locum, sen fundum quendam prope Londonias 
 acquisiverat, quem de licentia Ordinarii, in Ceemeterium pro Se- 
 pultura Pauperum, dedicari, et capellam in eodem fundo sedificari 
 fecerat, opere sumptuoso : in quo Collegium 12 capellanorum, et 
 unius qui prseesset iisdera, ordinare de bonis propriis, et sufficien- 
 ter dotare disposuerat ; ac eidem Prgedecessori supplicato, ut eidem 
 militi fundandi et dandi Licentiam hujusmodi concedere dignare- 
 tur : Idem Prasdecessor Episcopo Cantuarensi, et Episcopo Lon- 
 dinensi, non expressis nominibus, vel eorum alteri, dando per suas 
 Literas Facultatem, Collegium juxta Ordinationem utriusque, vel 
 alterius ipsorum, de Perpetuis Capellanis, vel Ministris usque ad
 
 APPENDIX. 185 
 
 dictum vel alium minorem numcrum, prout eidem militi videre- 
 tur ; ac Persona, quae eidem Collegio proeesset faciendum in dicta 
 Capella, fundandi tamen dote sufficienti dicta3 CapellsB, de bonis 
 ipsius militis, primitus assignata, jure Parocliialis Ecclesia^, efc 
 cujuslibet alterius semper salvo, ad Instantiam ejusdem militis 
 duxerat concedendum. Ac Insuper uniendi, ea vice eidem Colle- 
 gio instituto prius et dotato, tria Beneficia Ecclesiastica in Regno 
 Anglise consistentia, quorum fructus centum librarum Sterling- 
 orum summam, secundum taxationem decimse, non excederunt, ad 
 cujuscunque Patronatum spectantise, Patronorum ad id consensu 
 accedente, prout in iisdem Literis ejusdem Prjedecessoris pleniiis 
 continetur: Et demum prout eadem Petitio subjungebat, bonse 
 memorise Michael Episcopus Londinensis, et idem Miles, prredicto 
 Collegio nondum instituto, Conventum duplicem Monachorum 
 Ordinis Cartusiensis in loco prcedicto mutato proposito dicti Mili- 
 tis, fundaverunt. Quare nobis humiliter supplicare fecistis qua- 
 tenus iisdem Archiepiscopo et Episcopo, similem uniendi domui 
 seu conventui vestro Beneficia Ecclesiastica cum cura, vel sine 
 cura, ad summam ducentarum librarum Sterlingorum, secundum 
 taxationem Decimae ascendentia, in dicto Regno consistentia ; ad 
 quorumcunque ; etiam Laicorum patronatus pertineant, dum- 
 modo Patronorum ad id accedat assensus, et ipsa Beneficia dictam 
 summam non excedant, facultatem concedere dignaremur : Nos 
 igitur, vestris in hac parte Supplicatiouibus iuclinati, Venerabili 
 Fratri Archiepiscopo Cantuariensi uniendi hac vice, duntaxat 
 authoritate Apostolica, Ecclesias Parochiales, seu Beneficia Eccle- 
 siastica, ad quorumcunque, etiam Laicorum, Patronatus pertinen- 
 tia, dummodo Patronorum ad id accedat assensus, et jus Patronatus 
 post unionem vobis remaneat, ac eorum fructus, Redditus, et Pro- 
 ventus ducentarum librarum Sterlingorum, secundum taxationem 
 decimse, valorem annuum non excedant, dictosque Priorem et 
 Conventum, vel Procuratores suos eorum nomine, post unionem 
 hujusmodi, cedentibus vel decedentibus Rectoribus ipsorum, et 
 Beneficiorum, qui tunc fuerint, vel alias Beneficia ipsa quomodo-
 
 186 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 cunque dimittentibus ; in Beneficiorum ac jurium, ac pertinentia- 
 rum prgedictorum corporalem possessionem inducendi, et defend- 
 endi Inductos, amotis quibuslibet detentoribus ab iisdem, ac faci- 
 endi ipsis Priori et Conventui, de ipsorum Beneficiorum Fructi- 
 bus, redditibus, proventibus, congruas portiones ad ipsius Archie- 
 piscopi vel Ordinarii arbitrium (super quo ipsius Arcbiepiscopi et 
 Ordinarii conscientiam oneramus) taxandas ; ex quibus si sint 
 Ecclesiae ParocbialeSj perpetui Vicarii per Priorem, qui erit pro 
 tempore, et conventum dictse domus, ad Beneficia eadem prsesen- 
 tandi, commode sustentari, jura Episcopalia solvere, et alia iis in- 
 cumbentia onera sustentare : Contradictores Autboritate nostra, 
 appellatione postposita, compescendo, non obstantibus si aliquis 
 super provisionibus sibi faciendis de hujusmodi vel aliis Beneficiis 
 Ecclesiasticis in illis partibus, Speciales vel Generales, Apostolicse 
 Sedis, vel Legatorum ejus Literas impetravit, etiamsi per eas ad 
 inbibitionem, reservationem, et decretum, vel alias quomodolibet, 
 sit processum : Quas Literas et Processas babitos, et quos per eos 
 post unionem hujusmodi haberi contigerit, ad dicta Beneficia vo- 
 lumus extendi. Sed nullum per hoc iis quoad assecutionem alio- 
 rum beneficiorum prejudicium generari, et quibuslibet Privilegiis, 
 Indulgentiis, et Literis Apostolicis, Generalibus et Specialibus, 
 quorumcunque tenorum existant, per quae prsesentibus non ex- 
 pressa, vel totaliter non iuserta effectus earum impediri valeat 
 quomodolibet, vel differri, et de quibus quorumque totis tenoribus 
 babenda sit in Literis nostris mentis specialis, plenam et liberam 
 tenore prsesentium potestatem concedimus. 
 
 " Datum Romse. 
 
 " Apud Sanctam Marinum trans Tyberim pridie Idus 
 Decembris, Pontificatus nostri Anno primo."
 
 ArrENDix. 187 
 
 III. 
 
 The following Poem was written by a Carthusian Monk on 
 the Miracle which was the cause of the foundation of the 
 Order. 
 
 " SiSTE viator, et hos oculis percurrito versus, 
 Mira leges, cuivis exhorrescenda, salutis 
 Cui fit cura sux, Historia testata fideli ; 
 Fors vitas his ratio melior sumetur agendte. 
 
 " Anno octogeno supra mille, atque secundo, 
 Parisiis ; Doctor pietatis nomine clarus, 
 Doctrinteque ; simul, moritur : mox funus honore 
 Justo quo fieret, quisquis celebratior urbe 
 Tota erat, hue adiit : intentis omnibus una 
 Funebri officio ; defunctus vertice paulum 
 Sublato e feretro, clara tristique profatur 
 Voce : ' Dei justo sum Judicio accusatus.' 
 Obstupuere animis oculisque, atque auribus omnes, 
 Quippe ad inauditum, tamque admirabile monstrum. 
 
 " Proin statuunt corpus tumulandum luce sequenti, 
 Qua multo aflfluxit populus numerosior, orta ; 
 Sollicita attoniti nimirum corda tremore. 
 Rursum efFertur humo condendus mortuus, Ecce 
 Erecto est sursum capite haec in verba loquutus ; 
 ' Justa Dei de me dudum sententia lata est.' 
 Jam magis atque magis cunctis horrescere mentes, 
 Corda pavere magis novitatis nescia miras. 
 Alterum et usque diem conservandum esse cadaver 
 Consulto placuit, populus quo confluit omnis :
 
 188 CHRONICLES OF CIIARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 Indocti, docti, juvenesque, senesque, puellae, 
 Matronasque graves, merito rumore stupendo 
 Exciti, officium jam Funebre tertio adornant. 
 Stant cuncti, arrectique comas, artusque trementes, 
 Cum prope putre caput jam attollitur altius, atque 
 Flebiliter tremula prorupit voce supremum : 
 ' Justo judicio Christi sum condemnatus.' 
 Demum inopina viri tam docti, tamque probati 
 Damnati, cunctos valde sententia terret, 
 Incertos quid agant, desperantesque remittit 
 Nonnullos, multa, aiunt, Judicium Dei abyssus. 
 Bruno vir eximius Doctrina et Religione, 
 Consternatus eo, qui omni admirabilis urbi 
 Exstiterat vivus, qui se quisque alter Olympo 
 Esse videbatur dignandus, judice Christo, 
 Damnato, rationem aliam disquirere vitxe 
 Pestinat : comites alii sex se associarunt ; 
 Deserit ex templo populumque, urbemque frequentem ; 
 Post ad eremitae casulam devenit, ab illo 
 Judicii horrorem £Bterni qui evadere possit, 
 Scitatur ; mox is respondet verba Prophetse, 
 ' Ecce elongavi fugiens loca sola babitavi, 
 Omnes unus amor statim succendit Olympi ; 
 Itur ad Hugonem, qui erat inter Episcopus omnes 
 Unus amore Dei flagrans, populique salutis 
 Commissi cura, noctesque diesque fatigans. 
 Quid veniant paucis exponunt ordine verbis, 
 Secessum votis orant ardentibus aptum. 
 Multa Disecesi illius loca inhospita nurant, 
 Desertoque vacare foris babitacula montes. 
 Audit vota lubens, facilisque precantibus ultro 
 Una abit in montem, cui adhuc Carthusia nomen, 
 Viderat is siquidem pridem per somnia Christum, 
 iEdificare sibi pergratam his montibus sedem :
 
 APPENDIX. 189 
 
 Sequo hue stellarum septem spleudente ducatu 
 Accersi : proin hie eomrauni protenus vere 
 Tecta viris, Templumque Deo properata locantur. 
 Hie bonus Hugo a Deo versatur, scepe libensque, 
 Ut crebro officii monitus discedere, nolens, 
 Invitus sane, Brunone urgente, relictas 
 Cogatur pasturus oves, ita Sancta plaeebat 
 Consuetudo bominum superis devota seorsum. 
 
 " Jure ergo Duos parili eelebramus bonore, 
 Ut Cartbusiaci veneranda exordia csetus : 
 
 " Qui dedit bos versus, saltern boo mercedis babeto, 
 Lector uti dicas, pia mens in pace quiescat." 
 
 IV. 
 
 "SAPPHICUM CARMEN 
 
 " SEBASTIANl BRANT, LL. DOCTORIS, DE LAUDE ORDINIS CAUTUSIANI. 
 
 " Spiritus Sancti mibi gratiam da 
 Summe crelorum moderator o rex, 
 Ordinis laudes valeam sonare 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Ecquis ad vitam levius beatam, 
 Quisve secure, citiusve tendit ] 
 Tutius quis nam sua fata anbelat 
 
 Cartusiano 1
 
 190 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER -HOUSE. 
 
 " Bruno tu felix merito fereris, 
 Qui viam latam fugiens sinistrse, 
 Arripis dextram, prior atque ; factus 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Abdito quferens sociis receptis 
 Ut loco degas, eremum legebaSj 
 Hortus insignis duce te rigatur 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Spernis hsec mundi, bona quas putantur 
 Prseteris cleri tumidos honores : 
 Quos queas plures habuisse, factus 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Tu sacri juris fueras peritus : 
 Paginae sanctse docilis magister : 
 Charus et multis; nihili ista pendis 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Inter amfractus, dubiasque ; mundi 
 Semitas : arctam peregre capescis 
 Et vitam certam propere insequutus, 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Addo quod Papam variatque ; pompas 
 Curiae temnens : Calabros adisti, 
 Hos doces normam, struiturque ; turns 
 
 Cartusiana. 
 
 " Nullus obstabat labor aut gravamen, 
 Quo minus semen jaceret salutis, 
 Corda faecundans, bonus iste miles 
 
 Cartusianus.
 
 APPENDIX. 191 
 
 " Bruno turn demum venerande claudis 
 Ultimam vitae, peragisque ; metam : 
 Pace transmigrans superas ad aulas 
 
 Cartusiauus. 
 
 " Regulam linquis fatis eminentem 
 Patribus multis placidam sacratis 
 Pontifex summus probat et decorat 
 
 Cartusianos. 
 
 " Arce nee celsa potuit latere 
 Civitas, lumen modio tegi nee : 
 Crescit, et passim procul auctus ordo 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Non rigor quondam Scythise, aut Canopi 
 Accolis major, Nitriseve montis : 
 Quam fervent casti modo, sobriique ; 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Hactenus nunquam fluvio perenni 
 Deserit fontis veteris saporem, 
 Degener nunquam fuit ordo visus 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Vos odor Christi bonus, aggregatus 
 Ex csenobitis et anachoretis, 
 Plane Baptistam tamen semulantes 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Mundus baud dignus fuit, ut teneret 
 Abditos cellis eremum colentes, 
 Pellibus cinctos capreis, melotis, 
 
 Cartusianos,
 
 ]<)2 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 " Lugeant quamvis spatio momeuti, 
 Et licet semen jaciant gementes, 
 Attamen Iseti veniunt maniplis 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Inclytos fructus parit et suaves 
 Arbor, lianc vitem probat bortulanus, 
 Palmites quae fert viridantis uvse 
 
 Cartusiano. 
 
 " Sabbata et foedus Domini tenetis, 
 Estis eunucbi Domini volentes, 
 In dome vobis locus est herili 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Unicus tecti tugurique ; custos, 
 Pervigil passer, meditans columba, 
 Et pelicanus, eremi colonus 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Turtur o Christi speciose, mcerens 
 Tu gemis spouso viduate cbaro, 
 Fronde non curas viridi cubare 
 
 Cartusiane. 
 
 " Respuis quicquid jubeat voluptas. 
 Balneum vitas, teneros amictus, 
 Carnibus vesci fugis, abstinendo, 
 
 Cartusiane, 
 
 " Ipse non quseris bominum diem, nee 
 Arrogas laudes populi caducas, 
 Glorias spernis stimulos inanes 
 
 Cartusiane.
 
 APPENDIX. 193 
 
 " Unius flocci patriam, parentes, 
 Liberos, fratres, focit et sorores, 
 Atque ; fortunae bona cuncta temnit 
 
 Cartusianus, 
 
 " Saeculi sordes fugit et prophanat 
 Et suam vitam, nihil ista curat, 
 Dulce nil Christo sine, nil amoenum 
 
 Cartusiano. 
 
 " Qui jugum Isetus teneris ab annis 
 Pertulit, solus sedet et tacebit, 
 Se super gaudet fore se levatum 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Veste procedit cito nuptiali 
 Obviam sponso, manibus nitentes 
 Lampades gestans, oleo decoras 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Excubat, longas meditatur horas, 
 Crastinae nuUus labor est diei, 
 Quidve manducet, bibat aut fruatur 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 " Insuper carnem violant domando 
 Incolunt cellas, vigilant, precantur, 
 Abstinent, corpus macerant flagellis 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Unius jussum tolerant Prioris 
 Quicquid mandat, peragunt volentes, 
 Prsecipit si quid gravius, facescunt 
 
 Cartusiani.
 
 194 CHRONICLES OF CirARTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 " Rarior casus, facile inde surgunt, 
 Parvulos petrse propere atterendo, 
 Baltheo lumbos, veneremque ; stringunt 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Id quod elongans facit hos subire 
 Claustra deserti fugiunt, manentes, 
 Milites Christi lachrymis vacando 
 
 Cartusiani. 
 
 " Sint licet plures populo ferentes 
 Pabulum, pauci faciunt, sed eheu 
 Quae docent solus opere ista monstrat 
 
 Cartusianus. 
 
 *' Recte felicem, penitus beatum 
 Teque perfectum, sine labe, dicam, 
 Jam vale nostri memor ordo sancte 
 
 Cartusiane." 
 
 V. 
 
 "HENRICI GLAREANI CARMEN INSIGNE, DE INSTI- 
 TUTIONE ORDINIS CARTUSIENSIS. 
 
 " Insolititm, sed grande tamen cunctisque, tremendum. 
 
 Judicium in terris prodidit ecce Deus. 
 Doctrina vitaque ; simul clarissimus olim. 
 
 Doctor obit funus maxima pompa colit. 
 Dumque; sacerdotum solemnia personat ingens 
 
 Turba, caput feretro protulit ille suum. 

 
 APPENDIX. 19-) 
 
 Vocequej terribili sese (est res mira) professus, 
 
 Justo accusatum judicio esse Dei. 
 Exanimisque, iteriim, finita hac voce recedit, 
 
 Obstupuere omnes ac timuere nimis. 
 Quare aliam statuere diem qua corpus liumetur, 
 
 Adfuit hie sapiens, inspiciensque ; simul. 
 Dumque ; alius mirans, alii nova gesta recenset, 
 
 Exurgens iterum, subdidit ista dolens. 
 Justo lata Dei de me est sententia nostri 
 
 Judicio, his dictis vita repente fugit 
 Obriguere omnes, dubiique ; ad verba sequentem 
 
 Usque ; diem servatum ossa tegenda viri 
 Fama volat, dives, pauper, juvenesque, senesque 
 
 Accurrunt : funus jam sepelire parant. 
 Tunc alto mses toque ; simul clamore profatur, 
 
 Justo damnatus judicio ipse fui. 
 Ilinc Bruno sex suasis sociis, deserta petivit, 
 
 Ductor ad hoc arctum religionis iter. 
 Quos prius in somnis septem per sidera Hugoni, 
 
 Dignatus Deus est prodere Pontifici. 
 Qui Cartusiacos montes his cessit amice, 
 
 Inclyta nunc quorum sanctaque ; fama viget." 
 
 VI. 
 
 A SLIGHT omission occurs in our description of the seal, the 
 first two words of the legend being left out. With the deficiency 
 supplied, it will read thus : — 
 
 ^: Com'biu: tJomb^: rn'ris' : titi: 
 OTcti: cnvtbi: ItoixUonteu^S'. 
 
 o 2
 
 196 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 VII. 
 
 <'AN ACT OF PARLIAMENT GRANTED TO THOMAS 
 SUTTON, ESQUIRE, TO ERECT AN HOSPITAL AT 
 HALLINGBURY IN ESSEX, &c. 
 
 " Humbly beseecheth your Majesty, your loyal and dutiful sub- 
 ject, Thomas Sutton of Balsbam, in the county of Cambridge, 
 Esquire, That it may please your most excellent Majesty, and the 
 Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and the Commons in this present 
 Parliament assembled, to enact, ordain, and establish, And be it 
 enacted, ordained, and established by the authority aforesaid. 
 That in the town of Hallingbury, otherwise called Hallingbury 
 Bouchers, in the county of Essex, there may be builded and 
 erected (at the cost and charges of your Suppliant) one meet, fit, 
 and convenient House, Buildings, and Rooms, for the abiding 
 and dwelling of such a number of poor people, men and children, 
 as your Suppliant shall name, limit, and appoint to be lodged, 
 harboured, abide, and be relieved there ; And for the abiding, 
 dwelling, and necessary use of one Schoolmaster and Usher to in- 
 struct the said children in reading, writing, and Latin and Greek 
 Grammar, and of one divine and godly Preacher to instruct and 
 teach all the rest of the same House in the knowledge of God and 
 his w^ord. And of one Master to govern all these persons of, in, or 
 belonging to the same House ; And that the same shall and may 
 be called the Hospital of King James, founded in Hallingbury, in 
 the county of Essex, at the humble petition, and at the only costs 
 and charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire ; And that the Right 
 Reverend Father in God, Richard, now Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 and his successors Archbishops there, Thomas Lord Ellesmere, 
 Lord Chancellor of England, and such as after him shall succeed
 
 APPENDIX. 197 
 
 to be Lord Chancellors or Lord Keepers of the Great Seal of Eng- 
 land, for and during the time they shall so continue or be in the 
 same office, Robert Earl of Salisbury, Lord High Treasurer of 
 England, and such as after him shall succeed to be Lord Trea- 
 surers of England, for and during the time they shall continue or 
 be in the same office, the Reverend Father in God, Launcelot, 
 Bishop of Ely, and his successors. Bishops there, Richard, Bishop 
 of Rochester, and Dean of the Cathedral Church of Westminster, 
 and his successors of and in the same Deanery of Westminster, 
 Sir Thomas Foster, Knight, one of the Justices of your Majes- 
 tie's Court of Common Pleas usually holden at Westminster, Sir 
 Henry Hobart, Knight, your Majestie's Attorney-General, John 
 Overall. Doctor of Divinity, Dean of the Cathedral Church of Saint 
 Paul in London, and his successors. Deans there, Henry Thursby, 
 Esquire, one of the Masters of your Majestie's Court of Chancery, 
 Thomas Fortescue, Thomas Paget, Geffrey Nightingale, and 
 Richard Sutton, Esquires, John Lawe and Thomas Browne, Gen- 
 tlemen, and such others as shall be from time to time for ever 
 hereafter chosen and nominated in and to the places and steads of 
 such of them as shall decease by your Suppliant during his life. 
 And after his decease by the most part of them which then shall 
 be Governors of the said Hospital, to be and succeed in and to the 
 place and places of him and them deceasing, shall and may be the 
 Governors of the said Hospital, and of the members, goods, lands, 
 revenues, and hereditaments of the same, at all times hereafter for 
 ever ; And that the same Governors and Hospital shall for ever 
 hereafter stand and be incorporated, established, and founded in 
 name and in deed a body politique and corporate, to have conti- 
 nuance for ever, by the name of the Governors of the Hospital of 
 King James, founded in Hallingbury, in the county of Essex, at 
 the humble petition, and at the only cost and charges of Thomas 
 Sutton, Esquire, and that they the said Governors may have a 
 perpetual succession, and that by that name they and their suc- 
 cessors may for ever hereafter have, hold, and enjoy the manors,
 
 198 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 lordships, messuages, lands, tenements, and hereditaments hereaf- 
 ter mentioned, without any licence or pardon for any alienation of 
 them, or any of them, and without any licence of or for mortmain, 
 or any other law or statute to the contrary notwithstanding, that 
 is to say, your Suppliant's manors and lordships of Southmin- 
 ster, Norton, Little Hallingbury, alias Hallingbury Bouchers, and 
 Much Stanbridge, in the county of Essex, with all their and every 
 of their rights, members, and appurtenances whatsoever, And also 
 all those your Suppliant's manors and lordships of Buslingthorpe 
 and Dunsby, in the county of Lincoln, with their and either of 
 their rights, members, and appurtenances whatsoever, And also 
 all those your Suppliant's manors of Salthorpe, alias Saltrop, 
 Chilton, and Blackgrove, with their and every of their rights, 
 members, and appurtenances, in the said county of Wilts, And 
 also all those your Suppliant's lands and pasture-grounds 
 called Blackgrove, containing by estimation two hundred acres of 
 pasture, with the appurtenances, in Blackgrove and Wroughton, 
 in the said county of Wilts, And also all that your Suppliant's 
 manor of Mihenden, otherwise called the Manor of Mihunden, 
 in the parishes of Wroughton, Lydgerd, and Tregoce, in the 
 said county of Wilts, And all that your Suppliant's manor of 
 Elcombe, and the park called Elcombe Park, in the said county 
 of Wilts, And all that your Suppliant's manor of Wattlescote, 
 otherwise called Wigglescote, otherwise called Wiglecete, other- 
 wise called Wikelscete, in the county of Wilts, And all that your 
 Suppliant's manor of Wescote, otherwise called Wescete, with the 
 appurtenances, in the said county of Wilts, And also all those your 
 Suppliant's lands and pastures, containing by estimation one hun- 
 dred acres of land, and threescore acres of pasture, in Wiglescote 
 and Wroughton, in the said county of Wilts, And also all that 
 your Suppliant's manor of UfFcote, with the appurtenances, in the 
 said county of Wilts, And all those your Suppliant's two mes- 
 suages, and one thousand acres of land, two thousand acres of pas- 
 ture, three hundred acres of meadow, and three hundred acres of
 
 AITENDIX. 199 
 
 wood, with the appui'tenances, in Brodehinton, iu the said county 
 of Wilts, And also all those your Suppliant's manors and lord- 
 ships of Campes, otherwise called Comps, otherwise called Canipes- 
 Castle, otherwise called Castle-Camps, scituate, lying, being, and 
 extending in the counties of Cambridge and Essex, or in either of 
 them, or elsewhere within the realm of England, And also all that 
 your Suppliant's manor of Balsham, in the county of Cambridge, 
 with all and singular the rights, members, and appurtenances 
 thereof whatsoever. And also all that your Suppliant's messuage 
 and lands scituate and being in the parishes of Hackney and Tot- 
 tenham, in the county of Middlesex, or in either of them, with 
 their and either of their rights, members, and appurtenances Avhat- 
 soever, which said messuage was lately purchased of Sir William 
 Bower, Knight, and the lands at Tottenham, now or late in the 
 tenure or occupation of William Benning, Yeoman, And also all and 
 singular the manors, lordships, messuages, lands, tenements, rever- 
 sions, services, meadows, pastures, woods, advowsons, patronages of 
 churches, and hereditaments of your Suppliant whatsoever, scitu- 
 ate, lying, or being within the said counties of Essex, Lincoln, 
 Wilts, Cambridge, and Middlesex, or any of them, with all and 
 every their rights, members, and appurtenances whatsoever. And 
 also all your Suppliant's letters-patents, indentures, deeds, evi- 
 dences, bonds, and writings concerning the premises, or any of 
 them, and all such conditions, warranties, vouchers, actions, suits, 
 entries, benefits, and demands as shall or may be had by any person 
 or persons upon, or by reason of them, or any of them, except those 
 your Suppliant's manors or lordships of Littlebury and Hadstock, 
 in the said county of Essex, and except all your Suppliant's lands, 
 tenements, and hereditaments in Littlebury and Hadstock afore- 
 said, or in either of them ; And that the said Governors and their 
 successors by the same name shall and may have power, ability, 
 and capacity to demise, lease, and grant their possessions and 
 hereditaments, and every of them, and to take, acquire, and 
 purchase, and to sue and be sued, and to do, perform, and exe-
 
 200 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 cute all and every other lawful act and thing, good, necessary, 
 and profitable, for the said incorporation, in as full and ample 
 manner and form, to all intents, constructions, and purposes, 
 as any other incorporations, or body politique or corporate, fully 
 and perfectly founded and incorporated, may do ; And that the 
 same Governors, and their successors for the time being, may have 
 and use a common seal for the making, granting, and demising of 
 such their demises and leases, and for the doing of all and every 
 other thing touching or in any wise concerning the said incorpo- 
 ration, in which seal shall be engraven the arms of the said 
 Thomas Sutton, your Suppliant : And also that it may be further 
 enacted by the authority aforesaid, and be it enacted by the 
 authority aforesaid, That your Suppliant during his life, and the 
 said Governors and their successors for the time being, or the most 
 part of them, after his decease, shall and may have full power and 
 lawful authority to break, alter, and change the said seal ; And 
 that your said Orator during his life, and the said Governors and 
 their successors for the time being, or the most part of them, after 
 his decease, shall and may have full power and authority to no- 
 minate and appoint, and shall and may nominate and appoint, 
 when and as often as he and they shall think good, such person 
 and persons as he and they shall think meet, to be Master, 
 Preacher, Schoolmaster, Usher, poor men, poor children, and offi- 
 cers of the said Hospital ; And when any of them, by death, resig- 
 nation, deprivation, or otherwise, shall become void, shall and may, 
 within one month next after such avoidance, by writing under 
 their said common seal, nominate and appoint one or more learn- 
 ed, godly, discreet, and meet men and persons to be Master, 
 Preacher, Schoolmaster, Usher, poor men, poor children, and offi- 
 cers in the places of them and every of them so deceasing, re- 
 signing, or otherwise becoming void ; And that, in case the said 
 Governors and their successors for the time being, or the most 
 part of them, shall not within one month after such avoidance 
 make such nomination and appointment as aforesaid, that then.
 
 APPENDIX. 201 
 
 and so often, and in every such case, from and after the decease of 
 your said Orator, it shall and may be lawful to your Majesty, 
 your heirs and successors, by your letters-patents under the Great 
 Seal of England, to nominate and appoint some meet, godly, and 
 learned men in and to the places void by such default of the said 
 Governors and their successors for the time being, or the most 
 part of them as is aforesaid ; And that it shall and may be lawful 
 to and for the said Master, Preacher, Schoolmaster, Usher, poor 
 people, poor children, and officers of the said Hospital to remain, 
 assemble, be, and cohabit together in the said House, Buildings, 
 and Hospital: And that it may be further enacted by the autho- 
 rity aforesaid, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid. That 
 your said Suppliant during his life, and that the said Governors 
 and their successors for the time being, or the most part of them, 
 after his decease, shall and may have full power and authority, 
 under the said common seal, to make, ordain, set down, and pre- 
 scribe such rules, statutes, and ordinances, for the order, rule, 
 and government of the said Hospital, and of the said Master, 
 Preacher, Schoolmaster, Usher, poor men, poor children, and 
 officers, and their successors, and for their and every of their 
 stipends and allowances, for or towards their or any of their main- 
 tenance and relief, as to your said Suppliant during his life, and 
 the said Governors and their successors for the time being, or the 
 most part of them^, after his decease, shall seem meet and conve- 
 nient, And that the same orders, rules, statutes, and ordinances 
 so by him, them, or any of them made, set down, and prescribed 
 as aforesaid, shall be and stand in full force and strength in law, 
 the same not being repugnant nor contrary to your Majestie's Pre- 
 rogative Royal, nor to the laws or statutes of this your Majestie's 
 realm of England, nor to any ecclesiastical canons or constitu- 
 tions of the Church of England then in force and use ; And that 
 your Suppliant during his life, and the said Governors and their 
 Successors for the time being, or the most part of them, and such 
 of them as your Suppliant shall thereto appoint and nominate,
 
 202 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 shall and may, after the decease of your said Suppliant, have fall 
 power and authority to visit the said Hospital, and to order, re- 
 form, and redress all disorders and abuses in and touching the 
 government and disposing of the same, And further to censure, 
 suspend, and deprive the said Master, Preacher, Schoolmaster, 
 Usher, poor men, poor children, and officers for the time being, 
 and every or any of them, as to him and them shall seem just, fit, 
 and convenient, So always that no visitation, act, or thing, in or 
 touching the same, be had, made, or done other than by your 
 Suppliant during his life, or the said Governors and their suc- 
 cessors for the time being, or the most part of them, after his 
 decease, or by such of them as your Suppliant shall thereunto 
 nominate and appoint ; And also, that it may be further enacted 
 by the authority aforesaid, and be it enacted by the authority 
 aforesaid, That the said Preacher and Minister of the Word of 
 God, which shall be placed in the said Hospital to and for the 
 uses and purposes aforesaid, from time to time hereafter, shall and 
 may enter into, have, hold, and enjoy the rectory and parsonage 
 of Hallingbury aforesaid, in and to his own proper use and be- 
 hoof, for and during so long time as he shall be Preacher and 
 Minister there, without any other presentation or admission, insti- 
 tution or induction, And that no lease shall hereafter be made of 
 the said parsonage, or of any part or portion thereof, other than 
 such as shall determine and end when and as soon as any such 
 person as shall be the Preacher or Minister of and in the said Hos- 
 pital, when the same lease shall be made, shall decease or resign, 
 leave or be put out and removed from his said place of Preacher 
 or Minister of and in the said Hospital, Saving always and re- 
 servino- to your Majesty, your heirs and successors, and to all and 
 every other person and persons, bodies politique and corporate, 
 their heirs and successors, other than your Suppliant and his 
 heirs, and the person and persons from whom the same were pur- 
 chased and their heirs claiming only as heirs, all such estate, 
 right, title, condition, claim, possession, rents services, commons,
 
 ArrENDix. 203 
 
 demands, actions, remedies, recoveries, terms, interests, forfeits, 
 commodities, advantages, and hereditaments whatsoever, which 
 they or any of them shall or may have, or of right ought to have, 
 of, in, to, or out of the premises, or any of them, or any part 
 thereof, as if this Act had never been had or made, other 
 than fine or fines of or for any alienation of the premises, or 
 any part or parcel thereof, and other than respits of homage, or 
 fines for non-payment of respit of homage, at any time hereafter 
 to be demanded, and other than title and right of liberty or liber- 
 ties to enter into the same, or any of them, for or by reason of 
 any statute heretofore made for, concerning, or against any alien- 
 ation or mortmain, prout per eundem actum inter alia plenius 
 apparet." 
 
 VIII. 
 
 " THE EXEMPLIFICATION under the Great Seal of England 
 of the ACT OF PARLIAMENT for Confirmation of the 
 HOSPITAL OF KING JAMES, founded in CHARTER- 
 HOUSE, in the County of Middlesex, at the humble Petition 
 and only Costs and Charges of THOMAS SUTTON, 
 ESQUIRE, and of the Possessions thereof. 
 
 " Carolus, Dei gratia Anglie, Scotie, Francie, et Hibernie Rex, 
 Fidei Defensor, &c., omnibus ad quos prsesentes litere pervenerint, 
 salutem : Inspeximus quoddam breve nostrum de Cerciorand' e 
 Curia Cancellarie nostre nuper emanand. unacum quoddam re- 
 torn, in dorso ejusdem brevis fact, in Filaciis dicte Cancellarie 
 nostre de recordo residend. in haec verba, Carolus, Dei gratici An- 
 glie, Scotie, Francie, et Hibernie Rex, Fidei Defensor, &c., dilecto 
 nobis Henrico Elsyinge Armiger'', Clerico Parliamentorum nostro- 
 rum, salutem : Voleutes certis de causis Certiorari super tenore
 
 204 CHRONICLES OF CIIAllTER-IIOUSE. 
 
 cujusdam Actus Parliamenti nostri apud civitatem nostram 
 Westm', decimo septimo die Martii, ultimo preeterito inclioat', et 
 ibidem usque vicesimum sextum diem instan. mensis Junii tent', 
 ac deinde usque ad et in vicesimum diem Octobris, proxime se- 
 quen. praerogat. intitulat', An Act for the establishing and con- 
 firming of the foundation of the Hospital of King James, founded 
 in Charter-House, in the county of Middlesex, at the humble peti- 
 tion and only costs and charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire, and 
 of the possessions thereof Tibi precipimus quod tenorem Actus 
 predict, cum omnibus ilium tangend. nobi. in Cancellariam nostram 
 sub sigillo tuo distincte et aperte, sine dilatione mittas et hoc 
 breve T. meipso apud Westm' xxviii" die Junie, anno regni 
 nostri quarto Cesar. Ra. Executio istius brevis patet in scedula 
 hinc annexat' H. Elsyinge Cler Pari. Inspeximus etiam predict, 
 scedulam eidem brevi annexat' in Filaciis diet. Cancellarie nostra 
 de Recordo similiter residen. in haec verba, In Parliamento in- 
 choat' et tent' apud Westm', decimo septimo die Martii, anno 
 regni serenissimi et excelentissimi Domini nostri Caroli, Dei 
 gratia Anglie, Scotie, Francie, et Hibernie Regis, Pidei Defensor', 
 &c., tertio et ibidem continuat' usque in vicesimum sextum diem 
 mensis Junii, tunc propter sequen. communi omnium Dominorum 
 tarn spiritualium quam temporalium, et communium consensu, et 
 Regis Majestatis assensu (inter alia) fancitum, inactitatum, et 
 stabilitum fuit hoc sequens statutum, An Act for the establishing 
 and confirming of the Hospital of King James, founded in Char- 
 ter-House, in the county of Middlesex, at the humble petition and 
 only costs and charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire, and of the pos- 
 sessions thereof: cujus quidem statuti tenor sequitur in haec 
 verba, viz. 
 
 " Whereas our late Soveraign Lord, King James of blessed 
 memory, at the humble suit of Thomas Sutton, late of Balsham, in 
 the county of Cambridge, Esq., deceased, by his Highness' letters- 
 patents under the Great Seal of England, bearing date the two 
 and twentieth day of June, in the ninth year of his Majestie's
 
 APPENDIX. 205 
 
 reign of England, did give and grant unto the said Thomas Sutton 
 full power, licence, and lawful authority to erect and establish at 
 or in the late dissolved Charter-House, besides Smithfield, in the 
 county of Middlesex, an Hospital and Free School in such sort as 
 in and by the said letters-patents is expressed, and did further 
 by the same letters-patents nominate, ordain, assign, constitute, 
 limit, and appoint certain persons in the same letters-patents 
 named to be Governors of the lands, possessions, revenues, and 
 goods of the said Hospital ; and did by the same letters-patents 
 incorporate the said Governors and their successors to be a body 
 politique and corporate, to have continuance for ever, by the name 
 of the Governors of the lands, possessions, revenues, and goods of 
 the Hospital of King James, founded in Charter-House, within the 
 county of Middlesex, at the humble petition and only costs and 
 charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire ; and did further by the same 
 letters-patents give licence to the said Thomas Sutton, to give, 
 grant, and assure to the said Governors the mansion-house, com- 
 monly called Charter-House, besides Smithfield, in the said county 
 of Middlesex, and divers and sundry other manors, messuages, 
 lands, tenements, and hereditaments mentioned in the said letters- 
 patents, as in the said letters-patents more at large appeareth. 
 And whereas the said Thomas Sutton, minding the performance 
 of the said charitable work, by his indenture of bargain and sale, 
 bearing date the first day of November in the ninth year afore- 
 said, and enrolled in his said late Majestie's High Court of Chan- 
 cery, did, according to the said licence to him in that behalf given, 
 for the consideration in the same indenture mentioned, give, bar- 
 gain, sell, grant, confirm, and convey to the said Governors of the 
 lands, possessions, revenues, and goods of the Hospital of King 
 James, founded in Charter-House, in the county of Middlesex, at 
 the humble petition and only costs and charges of Thomas Sutton, 
 Esquire, and to their successors for ever, the said mansion-house, 
 commonly called Charter-House, besides Smithfield, in the said 
 county of Middlesex, and divers and sundry other manors, mes-
 
 20G CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 suages, lands, tenements, and hereditaments in the same indenture 
 mentioned and expressed, upon especial trust and confidence, that 
 all and singular the rents, issues^ revenues, commodities, and pro- 
 fits of all and singular the said manors, houses, lands, tenements, 
 and hereditaments should be for ever truly, faithfully, and wholly 
 distributed, converted, and employed to and for the maintenance 
 and continuance of the said Hospital and Free School, and other 
 the charitable uses in the said deed indented mentioned, as by the 
 said deed indented more at large appeareth. And whereas, since 
 the death of the said Thomas Sutton, one Simon Baxter, the heir 
 of the said Thomas Sutton, hath attempted and endeavoured to 
 impeach and overthrow the incorporation and foundation of the 
 said Hospital and the endowments thereof, and so to obtain and 
 get to himself the manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments 
 that were the said Thomas Sutton's, and by him conveyed to the 
 Governors of the said Hospital for maintenance of the poor there ; 
 howbeit the said heir drawing the same in question in his said 
 Majestie's Courts of King's Bench and Chancery, and the case being 
 adjourned by the then Justices of the King's Bench into the Ex- 
 chequer Chamber, after solemn argument and deliberate advice of 
 all the then Justices of both Benches, and Barons of the Exche- 
 quer, it was clearly resolved, that the said foundation, incorpo- 
 ration, and endowment of the said Hospital was sufficient, good, 
 and effectual in the law, and judgement was thereupon given 
 accordingly in the said Court of King's Bench, and also a decree 
 agreeing with the said judgment was had in the said Court of 
 Chancery. Upon consideration whereof, and for that the said foun- 
 dation and endowment doth daily maintain fourscore poor men, 
 some maimed in the wars, some undone by shipwreck and misfor- 
 tune on the seas, and forty poor scholars, with a Master, Preacher, 
 Teachers, and attendants, and other officers, in very ample man- 
 ner, with good and sufficient allowance in all things, It is most 
 humbly desired, in the behalf of the Governors and poor people of 
 the said Hospital, that it may be enacted by the King's most ex-
 
 APPENDIX. 207 
 
 cellent Majesty, the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and the Com- 
 mons in this present Parliament assembled, and by the authority 
 of the same, and be it enacted by the authority aforesaid, That 
 the said house, called the late dissolved Charter-House, besides 
 Smithfield, and all the said houses, edifices, buildings, orchards, 
 gardens, lands, tenements, and hereditaments within the scite, 
 circuit, and precinct of the same, was, is, and shall be for ever 
 hereafter an Hospital in deed and in name, and is and shall be 
 called by the name of the Hospital of King James, founded in 
 Charter-House, within the county of Middlesex, at the humble 
 petition and only costs and charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire, 
 And that such of the said Governors named or mentioned in the 
 said letters-patents as are yet living, together with such others 
 now living as have sithence been named or elected, or mentioned 
 to be elected into the room or place of such of them as are since 
 dead, or are removed, or have relinquished their places, and are 
 now esteemed Governors, now are, and they and their successors 
 for ever hereafter shall be and continue, and shall be adjudged, 
 deemed, and taken to be, a body corporate and politique, by the 
 name of the Governors of the lands, possessions, revenues, and 
 goods of the Hospital of King James, founded in Charter-House, 
 within the county of Middlesex, at the humble petition and only 
 costs and charges of Thomas Sutton, Esquire, and by that name 
 shall have, and may have and enjoy, all and singular such and the 
 like capacity, power, and ability, to all intents, constructions, and 
 purposes, as any other corporation lawfully incorporated may or 
 ought to have : And be it further enacted by the authority afore- 
 said. That the said Governors, and their successors for the time 
 being, or the most part of them, from time to time, and at all 
 times hereafter, as to them or the most part of them shall seem fit 
 and convenient, shall and may have full power and authority, by 
 writing under their common seal, to make, ordain, set down, and 
 prescribe, as occasion shall require, such rules, statutes, and or- 
 dinances, as they shall from time to time, and at all times, think
 
 208 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 fit, as well for and concerning the naming and electing of such 
 person and persons as shall succeed into the place and room of any 
 the said GovernourSj when and as often as any of them shall dye 
 or be removed from such place or places of Governour or Gover- 
 nours, or voluntarily shall relinquish their places, as also for and 
 concerning the election, order, rule, and government of the 
 Master, Preacher, Schoolmaster, Usher, poor men, poor children, 
 and all other members, officers, or servants of the said Hospital, 
 in their several places, offices, and rooms, and for their and every 
 of their stipends and allowances ; And that the same rules, orders, 
 statutes, and ordinances so from time to time to be made, set 
 down, and prescribed as aforesaid, shall be and stand in full force 
 and strength in law, and be executed in all things according to 
 the true intent and meaning thereof, under the several pains, for- 
 feitures, and penalties as shall be expressed and contained in the 
 same ordinances, statutes, and rules respectively : Provided al- 
 ways, that the said rules, ordinances, and statutes, or any of 
 them, be not repugnant or contrary to the laws or statutes of 
 this realm of England, nor against the purport or true intent of 
 the recited letters-patents ; And be it enacted and established by 
 the authority aforesaid, That every person that shall from hence- 
 forth be elected a Governor of the said Hospital, shall, before he 
 exercise the place of a Governor, take the several oaths of supre- 
 macy and allegiance, which any two others of the said Governours 
 for the time being shall have power and authority by this Act to 
 administer unto them ; And that the Master from henceforth to 
 be elected shall, before he exercise or take any benefit of the said 
 place, take the said several oaths of supremacy and allegiance, 
 and shall also take an oath, that neither he, nor any other for 
 him, with his privity, allowance, or consent, hath given, or shall 
 give, directly or indirectly, any money, or other gratuity or reward, 
 for or in respect of the having and enjoying of the said place, 
 all which said oaths to be taken by such Master any two of the said 
 Governours for the time being shall have power and authority by
 
 APPENDIX. 209 
 
 this Act to administer ; And that the Preacher, Minister, School- 
 master, Usher, officers, and poor men, and every of them from 
 henceforth to be elected and admitted, shall, before he exercise or 
 take benefit of any such place, take the said several oaths of 
 supremacy and allegiance; And shall also take an oath, that 
 neither he, nor any other for him, with his privity, allowance, 
 or consent, have given, or shall give, directly or indirectly, any 
 money, or other gratuity or reward^ for or in respect of the having 
 or enjoying of the said place ; All which said oaths by the said 
 Preacher, Minister, Schoolmaster, Usher, officers, and poor men 
 to be taken, any one of the said Governors, and the said Master 
 for the time being, shall have power and authority by virtue of 
 this Act to administer : And be it further enacted and established 
 by the authority aforesaid, That the said Governours and their 
 successors shall and may for ever hereafter have, hold, and enjoy, 
 according to the purport, true intent, and meaning of the said 
 indenture of bargain and sale^ the said Hospital, house, and all 
 buildings, gardens, courts, orchards, and backsides thereto belong- 
 ing, and all and singular the manors, messuages, lands, tene- 
 ments, liberties, franchises, and hereditaments by the aforesaid 
 letters-patents by the said indenture of bargain and sale given, 
 granted, conveyed, and assured, or meant, mentioned, or intended 
 in or by the said letters-patents or indenture to be given, granted, 
 conveyed, and assured, to the said Governours against our Sove- 
 reign Lord the King's Majesty, his heirs and successors, and against 
 all other person and persons, of whom the said Hospital, house, 
 manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, or any of them, 
 were holden at the time of the said indenture made, and against 
 their heirs and issues, notwithstanding any title accrewing for or 
 by any alienation in mortmain ; And also against all and every 
 other person or persons of whom the said Thomas Sutton did pur- 
 chase the said Hospital, house, manors, lands, tenements, and 
 hereditaments, or any of them respectively, and against their 
 heirs, issues, and assigns ; And also against all and every other 
 
 p
 
 210 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 person and persons claiming, or that shall claim, any estate, right, 
 title, or interest of, in, or unto the said Hospital, manors, lands, 
 tenements, and hereditaments, or any of them, by, from, or under 
 any person or persons of whom the said Thomas Sutton did pur- 
 chase the same, unless such other person or persons do pursue 
 their title, claim, or interest by way of action or lawful entry 
 within ten years after the end of this present session of Parlia- 
 ment, saving to the King's Majesty, his heirs and successors, all 
 such estate, right, title, and interest as his Majesty had, or might 
 have had unto any the said manors, lands, tenements, and here- 
 ditaments before the said indenture made, other than for or by 
 reason of any alienation in mortmain; And saving to all and 
 every other person or persons, bodies politique and corporate, 
 and their heirs and successors (other than the heirs of the said 
 Thomas Sutton, and other than such person and persons from 
 whom the said Thomas Sutton j)urchased the said Hospital, 
 house, manors, lands, tenements, or hereditaments, or any of 
 them, their heirs, issues, and assigns, and persons claiming by, 
 from, or under them respectively, and other than such person and 
 persons as shall claim the title of alienation in mortmain of any 
 of the said manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments), all 
 such estate, right, title, claim, custome, interest, and demand 
 whatsoever, as they or any of them have, or shall have, in as large 
 and ample manner and form, to all intents arid purposes, as if this 
 Act had never been had nor made : And be it further enacted 
 and established by the authority aforesaid. That the said Gover- 
 nors and their successors shall be, from and after the end of this 
 present session of Parliament, for ever wholly and utterly disabled 
 in law to make, do, levy, or suffer any act or acts, thing or 
 things, whereby or by means whereof the said Hospital, house, 
 manors, lands, tenements, or hereditaments, or any part of them, 
 or any of them, shall or may be aliened, assured, given, granted, 
 demised, charged, or in any sort conveyed, or come to the pos- 
 session of our said Soveraign Loi'd the King, his heirs or succes-
 
 APPENDIX. 21 1 
 
 sors ; And that all alienations, assurances, gifts, grants, leases, 
 charges, and conveyances whatsoever, from and after the end of 
 this present session of Parliament, to be done, suffered, or made 
 to our said Soveraign Lord the King, his heirs or successors, by 
 the said Governors or their successors, of or out of the said Hos- 
 pital, house, manors, lands, tenements, or hereditaments, or of 
 or out of any part or parcel of them, or any of them^ shall be, from 
 and after the end of this present session of Parliament, utterly 
 void and of none effect, to all intents, constructions, and purposes, 
 any former law, statute, act, ordinance, or other matter or thing 
 to the contrary notwithstanding : And be it further enacted and 
 established by the authority aforesaid. That the said Governors 
 and their successors, and every of them, be also from henceforth 
 for ever wholly and utterly disabled in law to make, do, levy, or 
 suffer any act or acts, thing or things, whereby or by means 
 whereof the said Hospital, house, manors, lands, tenements, or 
 hereditaments, or any of them, or any part of them or any of 
 them, shall or may be aliened, assured, given, granted, demised, 
 charged, or in any sort conveyed, to any person or persons, bodies 
 politique and corporate, other than leases and demises by inden- 
 ture of the said manors, lands, tenements, and hereditaments, and 
 every or any of them (other than the said Hospital, house, or- 
 chards, gardens, backsides, or any of them, or any part of them 
 or any of them now used for the habitation or use of or for the 
 Master, Preacher, Schoolmaster, Usher, poor Scholars, and poor 
 people of the said Hospital, or any of 4hem), for the term of one 
 and twenty years, or under, in possession and not in reversion, or 
 for one, two, or three lives, or for any number of years deter- 
 minable upon one, two, or three lives in possession and not in 
 reversion, and whereupon such yearly rent or more shall be re- 
 served to the Governours of the said Hospital and their succes- 
 sors, during the continuance of every such lease, as is now reserved 
 upon any demise thereof, or otherwise the true yearly value there- 
 of, and other than grants by copy of court-roll according to the
 
 212 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 customsof the several manors respectively; Provided, nevertheless, 
 that it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Governors and 
 their successors to grant reasonable and convenient annuities, 
 rents, or fees to such person or persons as shall be officers, Minis- 
 ters, or needful attendants concerning the affairs of the said Hos- 
 pital only for life or at will, so as the number of the officers, 
 Ministers, or needful attendants be not increased above the 
 number which now is, as fully and amply as they should or might 
 have done, as if this Act had never been had or made ; Provided 
 always, and be it enacted, that this Act, or anything hereinbefore 
 contained, shall no way extend to give any title to the said Hos- 
 pital in or unto the mansion-house now in possession of the Right 
 Honourable Dudley Lord North, or of his assigns, at or near the 
 east end of the said Hospital, nor unto any of the buildings, edi- 
 fices, courts, gardens, orchards, or grounds thereunto belonging, 
 or therewith used or enjoyed, nor unto any other the messuages, 
 tenements, or hereditaments of the said Lord North being with- 
 in or near the scite or precinct of the said Hospital, but that it 
 shall and may be lawful to and for the said Lord North, his heirs, 
 tenants, and assigns, for ever hereafter to hold and enjoy against 
 the Governours, Master, and other the owners or possessors of the 
 said Hospital in the Charter-House, now, and for the time being, 
 the said mansion-house and premises, and all ways and passages 
 by cart or otherwise, easements, waters, water-courses, channels, 
 pipes, conduits, cocks, liberties, profits, and hereditaments, to the 
 same or any of them belonging, or therewith or with any of them 
 now used and enjoyed, or the which by the true meaning of any 
 grant, covenant, clause, or agreement contained in one deed of 
 feoffment made by Edward Lord North unto Sir William Peter, 
 Knight, and others, bearing date the sixth day of November, in 
 the fifth year of the reign of the late Queen Elizabeth, and in one 
 other deed made by Roger late Lord North and others to the 
 Right Noble Prince Thomas late Duke of Norfolk, bearing date 
 the last day of May, in the seventh year of the reign of the said
 
 APPENDIX. 213 
 
 late Queen Elizabeth, were meant and intended to belong unto, or 
 to be enjoyed with the said mansion-house, or any other the said 
 messuages, tenements, or hereditaments of the said now Lord 
 North, according to the true meaning of the said several deeds ; 
 And that it shall and may be lawful, at all times hereafter, to and 
 for the said Dudley Lord North, his heirs, tenants, and assigns, 
 and all others inhabiting and possessing the said mansion-house, 
 or any other the said messuages, tenements, or hereditaments of 
 the said Lord North, for themselves, their servants and workmen, 
 to have free ingress and regress into and from the orchards, gar- 
 dens, or other places of the said Hospital, where it shall be need- 
 ful to survey, repair, cleanse, amend, and new make the said pipes, 
 conduits, cocks, channels, and water-courses, and all other pipes, 
 conduits, cocks, channels, and water-courses that hereafter shall be 
 erected or placed within the precinct of the said Hospital for the 
 conveying of water unto the said mansion-house, or other the 
 messuages, tenements, or hereditaments of the said now Lord 
 North, or any of them, and to that purpose to subvert and digg 
 up the soil of the said orchards, gardens, or other places of the 
 said Hospital, where it shall be needful ; Provided also, and be it 
 enacted by the authority aforesaid, that this Act, or anything 
 therein contained, shall not in any wise extend unto the mansion- 
 house of the Uight Honourable Elizabeth, Viscountess of Maid- 
 stone, scituate and being in Charter-House Church-yard, near 
 unto the said Hospital, nor to any the buildings, out-houses, 
 gardens, or grounds therewith used, or thereto pertaining, nor to 
 any mansion-houses, buildings, or grounds therewith used of any 
 other person or persons within or near the precinct of the said 
 Church-yard or Hospital, and not conveyed, or mentioned to be 
 conveyed, by the said Thomas Sutton to the said Governours by 
 the said indenture of bargain and sale; But that it shall and may 
 be lawful to and for the said Viscountess of Maidstone, and all 
 and every other person and persons whatsoever, to hold and 
 enjoy the said several mansion-houses and premises, therewith
 
 214 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 used or thereto pertaining, together with all ways and passages 
 with carts or otherwise^ and all liberties, profits, easements, 
 water and water-courses, pipes, cocks and passages for water, and 
 liberty to digg, cleanse, amend, and new make such pipes, cocks, 
 and water-courses, as fully and as amply as if this Act had never 
 been had nor made. Ego Henricus Elsyinge, Armiger, Clericus 
 Parliamentorum, virtute brevis dicti Domini nostri Regis de cer- 
 tiorando mihi direct', et his annexat', certifico superius hoc scrip- 
 tum verum esse tenorem Actus Parliamenti supradicti in eo brevi 
 mencionat'. In cujus rei testimonium sigillum nomenque meum 
 apposui atque subscrijDsi, Dat' secando die Julii, anno regni diet' 
 Domini nostri Regis Caroli quarto. — H. Elsyinge, Cler' Pari. Nos 
 autem separales tenores brevis et scedulse prsedict. ad requisition' 
 Gubernatorum terrarum, possessionum, revencionum^ et bonorum 
 Hospitalis prsedict, duximus exemplificand' per presentes. In 
 cujus rei testimonium has literas nostras fieri fecimus patentes, 
 Teste meipso apud Westmonasterium, decimo octavo die Julii, 
 anno regni nostri quarto. 
 
 " Cesar Car. 
 / Rob. Riche ^ 
 
 " Examinat' per nos | & ' Clericos. 
 
 \ Edw. Clarke, / 
 
 " Irrotulat' et Rotul' Patent' Cur' Cancellar' Domini Regis 
 Caroli, infra script' de anno regni ejusdem Regis Angliae, &c., 
 quarto." 
 
 We give, as an interesting addition to our illustrations, an 
 Autograph of Thomas Sutton. 
 
 f
 
 APPENDIX. 215 
 
 IX. 
 
 The following is an Extract from a Letter in the " Sadler Cor- 
 respondence," in the Library of Trinity College, Cambridge. 
 
 Remarking upon Sir Edward Coke, it is said, " He was offered 
 a large sum to have betrayed his trust in Sutten's Hospetall ; but 
 it is well known, when all the rest of the trustees drew back, how 
 he stood in the gap, and confermed his gift, at which King James 
 was not well pleased," &c. 
 
 It was at the house of Edward Cressett, Esquire, Master of 
 Charter-House in 1650, that the celebrated Valentine Greatrakes, 
 the touch-doctor, attempted to cure a Pensioner of diseases in the 
 limbs. 
 
 He was born in Ireland, at Affane, in the county of Waterford, 
 in 1628. He fancied that he was gifted with the power of curing 
 every disease by touch. In Ireland success is said to have at- 
 tended his experiments, and many persons are alleged to have 
 been cured by this miraculous remedy. In England, however, he 
 was not so fortunate ; either his gift had left him, or the force of 
 imagination in his patients was wanting. Failing in his attempt 
 to cure the Charter-House Pensioner, a pamphlet appeared 
 against him, which he answered by an enumeration of all his won- 
 derful cures, in a letter addressed to the learned Boyle, with the 
 testimonies of several eminent and wortliy persons.
 
 216 
 
 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 
 XI. 
 
 
 THE SCHOOL LIST. 
 
 
 Captain, *Gatty. 
 
 Collins. 
 
 IV. FORM. 
 
 
 Corbett. 
 
 *Batten. 
 
 VI. FORM. 
 
 Cresswell, I. 
 
 Beddome. 
 
 Ballance. 
 
 Cuppage, I. 
 
 Birch, I. 
 
 Boyle. 
 
 *Dicken. 
 
 Bonner. 
 
 *Dewar. 
 
 *Drake, I. 
 
 Bradford. 
 
 Douglas. 
 
 *Floyd, I. 
 
 *The Hon. Will. 
 
 Hall. 
 
 Gardner. 
 
 Byron. 
 
 Hannam, I. 
 
 * Green. 
 
 Church. 
 
 Hills. 
 
 Griffith. 
 
 Clements. 
 
 Le Bas. 
 
 Haggard, I. 
 
 *Dawson-Damer, I 
 
 Parnell. 
 
 Hale, I. 
 
 *Drake, II. 
 
 Perceval, I. 
 
 Hale, II. 
 
 Espinasse, I. 
 
 Robinson, I. 
 
 Helme. 
 
 Hawkins. 
 
 Saunders, I. 
 
 Hilliard. 
 
 Hope-Vere. 
 
 Stone, I. 
 
 Irving. 
 
 Kelly. 
 
 Wallace. 
 
 Johnston. 
 
 *Millard. 
 
 Watts. 
 
 Legge, I. 
 
 Moore. 
 
 *Whateley. 
 
 * Locker. 
 
 Nowell. 
 
 Young, I. 
 
 Lowder. 
 
 Perceval, IL 
 
 
 Parrott. 
 
 *Robinson, II. 
 
 V. FORM. 
 
 Paterson. 
 
 Samson. 
 
 Atwood. 
 
 * Pearson, I. 
 
 Sargeaunt, IL 
 
 Battiscombe. 
 
 Pritchard. 
 
 Saunders, III. 
 
 Bedford. 
 
 Sargeaunt, I. 
 
 Stone, II. 
 
 Bland, L 
 
 Saunders, IL 
 
 *Stopford, I. 
 
 *Bland, II. 
 
 Sutherland, I. 
 
 Upton. 
 
 Boyd. 
 
 West. 
 
 Walker. 
 
 Bramley, I. 
 
 *Wetherall. 
 
 *Williams. 
 
 Bramley, II. 
 
 Wood. 
 
 Wigg. 
 
 Codrington. ! 
 
 Young, 11. 
 
 Wranghani.
 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 2 
 
 SHELL. 
 
 III. FORM. 
 
 Hale, IK. 
 
 * Anderson. 
 
 Barnes, II, 
 
 Hawker. 
 
 Barnes, I. 
 
 Barnes, III. 
 
 Legge, II. 
 
 Birch, II. 
 
 Bayliff, I. 
 
 Milligan. 
 
 *Blomfield. 
 
 *Belli. 
 
 Morgan, II. 
 
 Clarke, I. 
 
 Chapman. 
 
 Neate. 
 
 Clay. 
 
 Cresswell. 
 
 Nicholson. 
 
 *Coles. 
 
 *Cunynghame. 
 
 Pearson, III. 
 
 Cooper. 
 
 Daniell. 
 
 Rhodes. 
 
 Dowbiggin. 
 
 *Dash\vood. 
 
 Richmond. 
 
 *Dyneley. 
 
 Dundas. 
 
 Sullivan, II. 
 
 *Fisher, I. 
 
 ♦Fonblanque. 
 
 *Venables. 
 
 Gibbs, I. 
 
 *Fox. 
 
 Ward. 
 
 Haggard, II. 
 
 Gibbs, II. 
 
 I. FORM. 
 
 Halcombe. 
 
 Gilbert. 
 
 *Allen. 
 
 Hannam, II. 
 
 Hanson, I. 
 
 Bayliff, II. 
 
 Jones. 
 
 Hanson, II. 
 
 Butler, I. 
 
 *Lewis. 
 
 Henniker. 
 
 Drummond. 
 
 Miles. 
 
 Jones, II. 
 
 Fisher, II. 
 
 Mills. 
 
 Perceval, III. 
 
 *Masfen. 
 
 Morgan, I. 
 
 *Ilandolph. 
 
 Morgan, II. 
 
 Murray. 
 
 Rugg. 
 
 Sadler. 
 
 Oswald. 
 
 Saunders, IV. 
 
 Turner. 
 
 Pearse. 
 
 Skey, I. 
 
 
 *Pearson, II. 
 
 *Sullivan, I. 
 
 PETTIES. 
 
 Ryder. 
 
 Young, IV. 
 
 Bo wen. 
 
 Skey, II. 
 
 II. FORM. 
 
 Butler, 11. 
 
 Smith. 
 
 *Barrow. 
 
 Clarke, II. 
 
 *Spiller. 
 
 Beasley. 
 
 *Cuppage, II. 
 
 Stevens. 
 
 Darner, II. 
 
 Floyd, II. 
 
 Stopford, II. 
 
 *Dumaresque. 
 
 Irvine, I. 
 
 *Wylde. 
 
 *Des Voeux. 
 
 Irvine, II. 
 
 Sir William 
 
 Espinasse, II. 
 
 Perceval, IV. 
 
 Young, Bt. 
 
 Gibbs, III. 
 
 Sutherland, II 
 
 217
 
 218 
 
 CHRONICLES OF CHARTER-HOUSE. 
 
 XII. 
 
 Charter-House was formerly supplied with water from a 
 conduit at Islington, At the Rolls Chapel is the following :- — 
 " R concessit Edw. North Mil' domum et scitum nuper Priorat' 
 Carthus' London, ac etiam caput et originalem fontem unius 
 canalis sive aquteductus situat' in quoclam campo in parochia de 
 Islyngton, voc' Condyte Field " 
 
 The conduit (of which the above is a representation) was re- 
 built by the executors of Thomas Sutton, who, it will be recol- 
 lected, was a benefactor to the highways of the parish of Islington . 
 It bore the date 1641, and upon it were sculptured the arms and 
 initials of Sutton. No vestige of it now remains. 
 
 dftnis. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 Printed by S. ii J. Bentlet, Wilson, and Flby, Bangor House, Shoe Lane.
 
 This book is DUE on tiie last date stamped below 
 
 RBEJD LB-Ufo 
 
 WBZOt 
 
 HAY 7 
 
 npGWtD-WD 
 
 APR 201985 
 
 /9fi3 
 
 Form L-0 
 
 2:;m-io,'dl(2i9i) 
 
 UNIVERSITY of CALIFORNIA 
 
 AT
 
 DA 
 
 687 
 
 C4R6 
 
 # ji| 
 
 58 00849 7504 
 
 UC SOUTHFRN REGIONAL LIBRARY FACILITY 
 
 AA 000 404 436 8