LIBRARY OF T^JE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA. TABLES FOB u (J OF THE PROVIDENCE PATTERN," ETC. BY EDMUND B. WESTOX, M. A.M. SOC. C. E ; M. INST. C. E.; ENGINEER IN CHARGE OF WATER DEPARTMENT, CITY ENGINEERS OFFICE, PROVIDENCE, R. I. SECOND EDITION. REHRINTED FROM ENGINEERING NEWS, JUNE 21 AND 28, 1890. NEW YORK: ENGINEERING NEWS PUBLISHING CO., 1896. TABLES FOR THE "V UNIVERSITY IDENCE PATTERN," ETC. BY EDMUND B. WESTON, M. AM. 80C. C. E.J ASSOC. M. INST. C. E.: ENGINEER IN CHARGE OF WATER DEPARTMENT, CITY ENGINEER'S OFFICE, PROVIDENCE, R. I. MISCELLANEOUS DATA RELATING TO LAYING WATER PIPE, ETC., NOT IN- CLUDING THE COST OF THE PlPE. Ordinary labor was considered at $1.50 per day. Short lengths. Total cost of laying 6-in. pipe per lin. ft. from 15 to 50 ft., including excavating and back-filling for the same; in easy digging, $0.34; in medium digging, $0.45. Extra Excavation. In easy digging, $0.20 percu. yd. Rock. Average cost of blasting rock per cu. yd., $2.00 Maximum " ' " " " 3.00 Bridges. Cost of crossing bridges, laying pipe, boxing, etc., 12 in., $1.50 per. lin. ft.; cost of crossing bridges, laying pipe, boxing, etc. , Sin. $1.32 per lin. ft. Kail roads. Cost per lin. ft. of laying 374 ft. of 16-in. pipe that passed under two railroad tracks $0.50. Work of one man. The average proportion of work that an ordinary laborer will perform in one day, at excavating, refilling and laying pipe (not including calking, etc.), is as follows: inch In easy digging 21 lineal feet of 6 " medium ' 17.2 M * * " hard 10.3 ,t " easy " medium ' 19.3 13.4 8 ' 12 " easy " medium ' 9.0 4.4 7, ' 20 ' 24 Average cost of excavation for a 24-io. pipe. The average cost of excavating and back-filling in medium digging, for a line of 21-in. pipe 19,416 ft. long (the average depth of the trench being 6.60 ft. in depth), with ordinary labor at $1.50 per day, was $0.32 per cu. yd. TABLE NO. 1. WEIGHT OF WATER PIPES, OF THE "PROVIDENCE PATTERN. 1 Length, 12ft. over all. Nominal diameter in ins. Class. Fhick- ness of shell in ins. Length that pipe ( will lay. Depth >f bell in ins. Weight in pounds . Standard veight in ' Ibs. Greatest jro posed head in ft. ser run-' i ning ft. >er run- ^ ning ft. as laid. of shell. / ti 13-32 11.83 2.00 19.61 18.11 232 60 j 7-i6 20.88 19.37 247 100 b' 7-16 " 20.88 19.37 247 140 4 < 1532 22.06 20.61 261 180 1 15-32 < ' 22.06 20.61 281 220 ^ D 15-32 " 4 22.06 2061 261 260 ft 7 16 11.83 2.00 30.25 28.25 i 358 60 f 15-32 32.11 30.12 380 100 i t " ' 33.98 31.99 402 140 b < B 17-32 ,, 44 33.98 35.75 31.99 33.81 402 423 180 220 I D l,-32 ' 44 35.75 33.81 423 2dO ft 15-32 11.82 2.15 42.64 39.93 504 60 J 45.09 42.43 533 100 ^ 17-32 > 47.63 44.92 563 140 8 -< TJ 9 18 t. . 49.92 47.39 590 180 ^, 19 32 < 52.53 49.84 621 220 1 > 1332 " 44 52.53 49.84 621 260 / ft y 11.81 2 27 56.13 52.58 663 60 i 5 17-32 59.27 55.70 700 100 1 b 9 16 . 62.31 58.80 736 140 10 < . W-62 ( 4 65.37 61.89 772 180 i (/ <> " 68.50 61.95 809 220 D 2132 ' 4 71.54 68.00 845 260 / ft 17-32 11.83 2.40 71.19 66.81 840 60 ( A 9-16 " 75.00 70.57 885 100 < 82.37 78.02 972 140 12 12 21-3:' * 83.10 81.72 1,016 180 1 c 11-16 it 89 75 85.40 1,059 220 I, D " 93.47 89.06 1,103 230 a 19-32 11.78 2.70 105.31 93.77 1.240 60 A 21-3^ 115.28 108.76 1,358 10) 11-16 a '< 120.34 113.73 1,417 140 16 < B M ' 130.14 123.61 1,533 180 C 13 16 .. 139.96 133.41 1.648 220 ! D 27-3J 44 " 114.88 138.28 1,706 260 ' ft 2132 11.75 2.95 145.14 135. 80 1,706 60 f A 2332 157.62 148.29 1,852 100 b 25-32 169.98 160.70 1,998 140 20 < B 27-32 ' 4 182.38 173.05 2,143 180 I " ' 194.99 185.30 2,292 220 v D 31-32 44 4 I 207.24 197.49 2,436 280 a 2332 11.73 3.20 190.83 177.91 2,239 60 f A 13.18 213.30 2J0.36 2.502 100 I b " ' 228.16 215.24 2,677 140 24 < B 151ri ' 242.97 230.03 2,850 180 i C \ 1 1-32 " " 266.UO 252.09 3,121 220 I D 1 3-32 44 44 280.66 268.70 3,233 260 a 13-16 11.70 3.63 269.66 250.33 3,155 60 A 29-32 297.78 278.38 3,484 100 1 1 < 325.56 306.i'5 3,809 140 30 1 B 1 1-16 ii " 344.10 324.74 4,026 180 1 C 1 3-16 * " 382.56 361.48 4,476 220 v D 1 9-32 11 409.91 388.83 4,798 260 ft y 11.67 4.00 351.41 323.93 4,101 60 1 A 1 396.49 368.98 4,627 100 1U 4 * 441.13 413.7^ 5,148 140 36 -( B 18 * " 485.60 458.15 5,687 180 1 C 1 11-32 " ' 522.07 491.27 6,091 220 I D 1 15-32 " 14 566.04 535.17 6,604 260 ft 1 5 32 11.54 5 ; 50 632.06 569.93 7,295 60 i A 1 5 16 707.09 644.91 8.161 100 b 1 15-32 > ' 781.60 719.42 9,0-21 140 48 < B " ' 855.68 793.49 9,876 180 C 1 25-32 " 939.20 867.00 10,840 220 D 1 15-16 " 1.012.33 940.10 11,684 260 The thickness of the cast-iron pipes given in this table were calculated by the following formulas: For diameters greater than 36 ins., t = .00003 II D + .0125 D + .33; for di- ameters of 36 ins. and less, t =.03003 H D + .01 D + .30; t = thickness in decimals of an inch; D = diameter in inches; H = head in feet. TABLE No. 2. ESTIMATED AVERAGE CO IT PER LINEAL FOOT OF LAYING CLASSES A AND B, OF CAST-IRON WATER PIPE OF THE "PROVIDENCE PATTERN," AND EXCAVATING AND BACK-FILLING FOR THE SAME, IN MEDIUM DIGGING, WHEN THE MARKET VALUE OF THE PIPE, IS AT DIFFERENT RATE3 PER TON. GATES AND " SPECIALS " ARE INCLUDED, BUT NOT HYDRANTS. Cost per Ton, and. DIAMETER OF PIPE IN INCHES. Cost per Ton, and Class. 4 6 8 10 12 18 20 24 30 36 48 Class. A. .. 0.425 0.610 0.783 1.008 1.245 1.8)9 2.604 3.502 4.919 6.360' 11.0071 ..A. _ $2d^ B. . 0.410 0.635 0.848 1.079 1.377 2.076 2.902 3.855 5.500 7.396 12.735, . B. $Jo of / A. . . 0.437 627 0.812 1.038 1.283 1.957 2.684 3 608 5.096 6.547 11.341 ..A. 26 \ B. .. 0.452 0.653 0.873 1.112 .420 2.142 2.993 3.975 5.670 7.625 13.138 ..B. 'O 'A. 448 0.614 0.835 1.068 .320 2.015 2.763 3.714 5.243 6.734 11.675 ..A. 01 27 IB::: 0.163 0.671 0.898 1.145 .463 2.207 3.085 4.095| 5.839 7.854 13.541 . B. 27 'A. 459 0.631 0.853 1.098 .353 2.074 2.843 3.819 5.391 6.921 12.009 ..A. OP 28 j B* 0.475 0.689 0.923, 1.178 .506 2.272 3.176 4.245 6.009 8.082 13.944 ..B. to A. 0.470i 0.673 0.88) 1.128 .396 2.132 2.923 3.925J 5.538 7.HJ9 12.343 ..A. .1(1 29- j}' 0.436 0.707 0.918 1.211 .550 2.338 3.268 4.334 6.178 8.311 14.347 ..B. JQf A. :: 481 0.535 0.905 1.153 .434 2.190 3.002 4.030 5.686 7 296 12.677 . A. Oft 30 B. 0.493 0.725- 973 1.214 -593 2.403 3 359 4.454 6.348 8.540 14.750 . B. 30 A. .. 0.492 0.742 0.926 1.188 .472 2.248 3.082 4.136 5.833 7 483 13.011 ..A. 31 B. .. 0.513 0.743 0.938 1.276 .653 2.468 3.451 4.574 6.517 8.768 15.154 ..B. 31 A... 0.5331 0.729 0.943 1.213 .510 2.307 3.162 4 241 5.980 7.671 13.345 ..A. oo 32 B. .. 0.521 0.761 1.023 1.309 .679 2.534 3.542 4.693 6.686 8.997 15.557 ..B. 61 A... 0.514 0.748 0.971 1.243 .548 2.365 3 2tl 4.347 6.128 7 858 13.679 .A. oo 33 B. .. 0.535 0.779 4.043 1.1342' .722 2.599 3.634 4.813 6.856 9.226 15.S60 . B. 66 A. .. 0.525 0.762 0.934 1.273 .536 2.423 3.321 4 453 6.275 8.045 14.013 .A. '. i 31^ 0.544 0.797 1 073 1.375 765 2 664 3 726 4.933 7.025 9.454 I.c63 ..B. o4 A. : . 0.553 0.77) 1.017 1.308 .621 2.481 3 400 4.558 6 423 8 232! 14.347 O" 35 B. .. 0.538 815 1.093 1.408 .809 2.730 3.817 5.052 7.1 5 9.683 16 766 '.'.B! OJ op A. 0.547 0.793 1.039 1.338! .662 2.540 3.480 4 664 6.570 8.4*0 14.681 . A. Of! 36 B. .. 0.5)3 835 1.124; 1.440 .852 2.795 3.909 5.172 7 364 9.9,-2 17.169 ..B. BO OT A. .. 0.553 0.813 1.032 1.383 .699 2 598 3.560 4.769 6 717 8.607 15 015 .A. O>7 37 B. . 0.579 0.851 1.14.) 1.473 895 2.860 4.000 5.292 7.534 10.141 17.572 B. 61 A. .. 0.570 0.83) 1.085 1.3)81 .737 2.653 3.639 4.875 6-865 8 794 15.349 ..A. no o3 B. .. 0.591 8ii) 1.1711 1.503 .933 2.926 4.092 5 412 7.703 10.369 17.S75 ..B. OO A... 0.581 0.847 1 133 1.427 .775 2 714 3.719 4.981 7.012 8.981 15.083 A. on o3 B. .. 0.602 0.857 1.199 1.533 1.931 2.991 4.183 5.53L 7.873 10.5981 18.o79 ..B. 3v A... 1.582 0.861 1.13) 1.457 1.813J 2.773 3.798 5.086 7 160 9.169 16.017 ..A. 40 4J B. .. 0.644 0.935 1.224 1.572 2.025 3.056 4.275 5.651 8.042 10.8271 18.782 ..B. 4U 11 A... 0.605 0.831 1.155 1.487 1.851 2.831 3.878 5.192 7.307 9.356 1 16.351 ..A. 41 41 1 B. 0.625 0.923 1.249 1.605 2.068 3.122 4.366 5 771 8.211 11.055 19.185 ..B. 4 L 19 J fA... 0.614 893 4.173 1.547 1.839 2.839 3.958 5.297 7.454 9.543 16 685 ..A. 19 42 B. .. 0.657 0.941 1.271 1.637 2.111 3.187 .458 5.890 8.1:81 11.284 19 588 ..B. 4- 10 ( A. . . 0.62. 0.915! 1.193 1.547 1.927 2.947 .037 5403 7. '02 9.731 17 (19 ..A. ._ 43 L B. . . 0.649 959 1.293 1.670 2.14 3.252 .549 6.010 8.550 11 513 19.S91 ..B. 4o , t A. . 0.636 0.932 1.965 3.003 .117 5.503J 7.749 9.918 17.353 . A. 11 44 B, 0.630! 0.977 024 l'.7d3 2.197 3.318 .641 6.130 8.72011.741 20.S94 ..B. 44 0.647 0.949 1.244 1.637 2.003 3.064 .137 5.614 7.896 10.105 17.687 ..A. A 45 B* 0.872 0.995 1.349 1.733 2.241 3.383 .732 6 249 8.88911-870 20 797 . B. 40 j/ f A'. ' : 0.658 0.933 1 237 1.657 2.010 3 122 4.276 5 720 8 044 10 292 18 021 ..A. 46 IB. 684| 1.013 1.374 1.769 2.234 3 448 4.824 6 369 9 059 12 199 '/1. 2(10 ..B. 46 A. 0.639 0.983 1.637 2.078 3 180 4.356 5 82* 8 191 10 480 18 355 ..A Art 47 IB. .. 0.695 1.031 1 393 1.8)2 2.327 3 514 4.915 6 489 9.228 12 428 21 604 ..B. 4/ gm A. .. 0.63) 1.0 1.312 1.697 2 116 3. 39 4 435 5 931 8 339 10 667 I860, A. 48 48 B. 0.707 1 0'<9 1.424 1.834 2.370 3.579 5 007 (> 609 9.398 12 656 22 007 ..B. 4o A... 691 1.017 1 1.335 1.727 2.154 3.297 4.515 6 036 i 8 486 10 854 19 024 4Q 49 B. . 718! 1 057 1.449 1.867 2.413 3.644 5 0)8 6 7281 9 567 12.885 22 410 ..B. v dri A... 702 1.034 1 358 1.757 2.192 3.355 4 595 6 142! 8 65311 041 19 358 . A. CA OU B. .. 0.730 1.085 1.475 1.90J 2 456 3 710 5 DC G 843 9 737 13 114 22 813 . B. on The thickness of the Class A pipe was based upon a static pressure of 10(> ft., and the Class B pipe upon a static pressure of 180 ft. The figures include the cost of pipe, gates an I " specials," the cost of cart- ing, laying and setting, and excavating and back-filling for the same, and all other expenses generally incurred in ordinary water pipe laying, with the exception of the cost of hydrants. The cost of "specials" was based upon $0.025 per pound, with pipe at $30 per ton, the cost of air-cocks (used only with pipes having a diameter larger than 20 in.), at $10 each, and the cost of the gates the same as given in Table No. 3. Ordinary labor was considered at $1.50 per day. Depth of Pipe. The depth of the axis of the pipe below the surf ace of the ground has been considered in all cases as 4.67 ft. I! s 15 a s & 32 8 22 S3 B SZ S 1 8 8 S. gs s s 3 g3j o ^ - - a s s s- s I 1 1 1 ^-o^is I *j 2 S S 22 S I i S 2 S S S o = ! o i u -SH 5 s I H 11 8 .* . - S S S i-l QC O - | XX^-;X^^rfo(=<=(=eSOOC5C;300000f-l I'-K-'rH^Hr-KMNCO i; * O I ,c^ a-MdMd;N|:E;:S;:a;:S;:a;:S; ST-J J-2irt hl-T3 :,"TTJ t^-TT: ^S'O ^^^ t^S^ ^ST 3 . >>S'?. lg ^ 03 '3 O j, M - i if 'as s > p c 2 45 fc*^ P eS-C 'El OB 5 ill *-> *S ^ P &JLOD ^ ^ p, g a 1! 12 R^ P flj ^-02 "^ as JB O D D t P4 O x ee- I ! -M O S 'i ZrS'O S-* 3 S -^ o^^. 88 * 5 - ^ TABLE NO. 4. WEIGHT AND COST OF SPECIAL CASTINGS, ETC. To be used in connection with Table No 3 when greater accuracy with regard to " specials " is required. Nature of " special" Xin inches). Length that " special" will lay. Weight in pounds. Cost at $ .03 per pound. Nature of "special" ;(in inches). Length that "special" will lay. Weight in pounds. Cost at $.03 per pound. Branches. Feet. $ Reducers. Feet. $ 6X 4 6X6 6 X 6 X 6 6X8 6 X 6 X 8 8 X 4 8X6 3 x e 8X8X8 8X8X6 8X6X6 10 X 6 10 X 6 X 6 10 X 8 X 6 10 X 8 10 X 8 X 8 12 X 6 12 X 6 X 6 12 X 8 X 6 12 X 8 12 X 8 X 8 12 X 10 12 X 12 16 X 6 16 X 6 X G 16 X 8 X 6 16 X 8 16 X 8 X 8 16 X 10 16 X 12 16 X 12 X 12 16 X 16 20 X 6 20 X 6 X 6 20 X 8 20 X 8 X 6 20 y 10 .20 X 10 X 8 20 X 12 20 X 16 24 X 6 24 X 6 X 6 24 X 8 24 X 8 X 8 24 X 10 24 X 12 24 X 16 24 X24 30 X 6 SOX 8 30X 8 X 6 -30 X 8 X 8 30 x 10 30 X 12 30 X 12 X 8 30 X 16 30 X 20 30X24 30 X 24 X 12 30X30 Blow offs.. 3.22 3.22 3 22 3.22 3 22 3.20 3.20 3.o6 3 20 3.20 3.20 3 36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.36 3.22 3.22 3.22 3.^2 3.22 3.39 3.22 3.03 3.03 3.03 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 '. .84 .84 .84 .84 .84 .84 .84 .84 .53 .53 .53 .53 .53 ' .53 .53 .53 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 5.04 190 190 235 218 265 239 243 287 362 315 234 353 360 426 356 446 394 469 581 428 481 535 453 58 660 661 641 733 638 627 800 84o 1123 1202 1183 1190 1112 1250 1233 1383 1082 1453 1345 1540 1463 1408 1537 1656 1955 1980 2150 2145 2078 2048 2210 2290 2288 2560 2695 2478 5.70 5.70 7.05 6.54 7.95 7 17 7.29 8.61 10.86 9.45 8.52 10.59 10.80 12.78 10.68 13.38 11.82 14.07 17.43 12.84 14.43 16.05 13.59 17.64 19.80 19.83 19.23 21.99 19 14 18.31 24.00 23.35 33.69 36.06 35.49 35.70 33.36 37.50 36.99 41.49 32.46 43.59 40.35 46.20 43.89 42.24 46.11 49.68 53.65 59.40 64.50 64.35 62.34 61.44 66 30 68.70 68.64 71.80 80 85 74.34 6 to 4 8 to 6 10 to 8 12 to 8 16 to 12 20 to 16 24 to 12 30 to 24 Turns. 41-16 4-*6 S ie 6 y* 8-1-16 8-K 8-V 4 10-1-16 io-4$ 12- K Bevel hubs 6 8 10 12 Spig't caps 6 8 10 12 16 Bell caps. 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 30 Plugs. 6 8 12 Sleeves. 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 30 36 Gate boxes Large ' " rings. ' cov'rs Small box (6") ' cover (6 ') " box (8") 1 cover (8") 1 63 1.95 1.65 2.61 2.70 4.17 4.59 3.04 1.55 1.33 1.89 1.58 1.42 1.38 3.57 3 32 2.25 3.48 3.23 3.22 1 75 1.74 3.94 1.72 65 105 148 205 338 863 923 1158 48 47 61 90 92 109 233 239 136 291 296 443 90 130 316 219 39 57 78 110 155 41 63 78 118 160 220 342 548 10 15 27 67 38 56 80 107 131 207 319 457 637 907 689 142 83 137 19 160 38 1 95 3.15 4 44 6.15 10.14 25.89 27.69 34.74 1.44 1.41 1.83 2.70 2.76 3.27 6.99 7.17 4.08 8.73 8.88 13.28 2.78 3.90 9.48 6.57 1.17 1.71 2.34 3.36 4.65 1.23 1.89 2.34 3.54 4.b0 6.60 10.26 16.44 .30 .45 .81 2.01 1.14 1.68 2.40 3.21 3.93 6.21 9.57 13. 7 J 19.11 27.21 20.67 4.26 2 49 4.11 .57 4.80 1.14 24 X 6 30 X 8 Manholes.. . . 4.53 5.04 1377 2055 41.31 61.65 21 30 36 Hydrant 4.53 5.04 4.00 1625 2020 2015 1010 491 102 48.75 60.60 60.45 Hydrant box Frame and cover 14.73 3.06 TABLE NO. 5. COST IN DETAIL OF LAYING WATER PIPE OF THE "PROVIDENCE PATTERN/' INCLUDING EXCAVATING AND BACK-FILLING FOR THE SAME. Excavation (Easy Digging). Items. Diameter in inches. Average prices of labor, etc. 4 G 8 10 .0707 .0219 .0216 .0 69 .0111 .0553 .0136 .0275 12 13 20 24 1 Trenching 2 Laying 3 Foreman 4 Tools, etc., etc 5 Calking 6 Lead 7 Teams . . ... .0422 .0129 .0130 .0041 .0106 .0224 .0070 .0078 .0518 .0162 .0158 .0050 .0107 .0320 .0090 .0149 .0611 .0191 .0188 .0059 .0108 .0431 .0115 .0208 .0798 .0249 .0244 .0078 .0118 .0683 .0160 .0346 .2676 .1445 .0370 .0303 .0134 .0159 .0950 .0203 .0518 .4082 .2088 .0497 .0360 .0191 .0301 .1203 .0216 .0746 $1.50 1.50 3.00 1.1% of 1 nd 2. $2.25 5c. per pound. $2.25 $1 per ton. 8 Carting Total . .1200 .1554 .1911 .2286 .5602 Cost of Easy Digging reduced to $1 and Ic. Trenching 0281 .0345 .0407 .047l! .0532! .0963 1 .1392 ... $1.00 Laying .0086 .0108 .0127 .01461 .0166 .0^47 ! .0331 1.00 Foreman .0043 .0053 .0063 .00721 .0081 .0101 .0120 1.00 Tools, etc., etc .0006 0007 .0008 .OOU9 .0011 .0018 .0026J w Calking . .0047 0047 .0048 0049 .0052 .0071 01341 $1.00 Lead 0045 0064 0086 0111 0137 0190 0241 .01 Teams . ., .0031 .0040 .(051 .0060 .0071 .0090, .0096 1.00 Cartina: .0078 .0149 .0208 .0275| .0346| .0518, .0746i 1.00 Excavation (Medium Digging} 1 Trenching 0597 0697 0790 0883 0974 1700 2403 3091 ' $1 50 2 Laying .0189 .0220 0249 0307 .0440 .0577 .06391 1.50 3 Foreman 4 Tools, etc., etc 5 Calking 6 Lead . . . .0180 .0056 .0106 0224 .0206 .0065 .0107 .0320 .0234 .0075 .0108 0431 .0265 .0084 .0111 0553 .0294 .0093 .0118 0683 .0350 0154 .0159 .0950 .0373 .0214 .0301 .1203 039 jj 3.00 .0602 7.2^ of land 2* .0757 $2.25 .1600 5c. per pound. 7 Teams 8 Carting ... ... .0070 0078 .0090 0149 .0115 0208 .0136 0275 .0160 .0346 .0203 0518 .0216 .0746 0228J $2.25 .1317' $1 per ton. Total 1500 1854 2210 .2586 2975 4474 6030 .sero 1 Cost of Medium Digging reduced to $1 and Ic, Trenching . . .0331 .0465 0527 .0589 .06941 .1133 .1600' .2061 $1.00 Lay-in 01 0126 0147 0166 0186 0205' 0293 0385 0426 1.00 foreman Tools, etc., etc Calking ., .0060 .0008 0047 .0069 .0009 .0047 .0078 .0010 0048 .0088 .0012 .0:49 .0098 .0117 .00131 .0021 .00521 .0071 .01241 .0132 .0030' .0037 .0134J .0336 1.00 w* $1.00 Lead . . 0045 0064 0086 0111 0137 0190 0241 0320 .01 Teams 0031 .0040 0051 .0060 .007H .0090 .0096 .0101 100 Carting 0078 0149 0208 0275 0346 0518 0746 .1317 l.CO i Excavation (Hard Digging). 1 Trenching 0860 0959 1053 1147 1300 2261 3264 $1 50 2 Laying , 0271 0303 C333 0362 0411 05'-50 0669 1 50 3 Foreman 4 Tools etc., etc .0260 0081 .0286 0093 .0314 0099 .0343 0109 .0372 0118 .0428 0201 .0452 0283 B.OO 7 2% of 1 and 2 5 Calking 6 Lead .0106 0224 .0107 0320 .0108 0431 .0111 0553 .0118 0683 .0159 0950 .0301 1203 $2.25 7 Teams 0070 0090 0115 0136 0160 0203 i 216 ' $2 25 8 Carting .0078 .0149 .0208 .0275 .0346 .0513 .0746 $1 per ton. Total .1950 .2304 .2661 .3036 .3508 .5250 .7134 Cost of Hard Digging reduced to $1 and Ic. Trenching .0573 Laying 0181 Foreman .0087 Tools, etc., etc .0011 Calking . . . 0047 Lead ... Teams . . . .0045 0031 Carting .0078 0202 .0095 .0013 0047 .0.064 .0040 .0149 .0702 .0222 0105 .0014 .0048 .0086 .0051 0208 .0765 .0241 0114 .0015 .0867 .0274 .0124 .0016 .0049! .0052 .01111 .0137 .0060, .0071 .0275 .0346 .21761.. .1507 .0353 0446J. .0143 .0151' .(039 .00711 .0134 .. .0518 .0746!.. $100 1.00 1.00 w $1.00 .01 1.00 1.00 The percentage for 24 inch includes blocks and wedges, and is 16- 9 This table, No. 5, contains the items in detail from which the cost of the labor of laying water pipe, from 4 to 24 in. in diameter, given in Table No. 3, were obtained. The word "Trenching" is used for excavating and back-filling. Throughout these tables Easy Digging is intended to correspond to exca- vation in sand, etc.; Medium Digging to excavation in sand and gravel, etc.; and Hard Digging to excavation in hard or moist clay, etc. The figures relat ing to medium excavation are probably the most reliable for pipes that have a diameter greater than 8 ins. The prices given in any of the tables do not include the cost of engineering and inspection. SUPPLEMENT TO TABLES NOS. 2, 3, AND 5. The following table gives the items of the actual cost of the labor of laying water pipe ana excavating and back-filling for ihe same, upon which Tables Nos. 2, 3 and 5 were based, with, the exception of the cost of carting pipe, which was considered at $1.00 per ton. The table also shows a comparison of the items of actual cost with the amountx that correspond to them in Tables Nos. 2, 3 and 5. The tabl" was computed from rec- ords kept in Providence, with the exception of the data that refers to the 48-twc/i pipe, which was obtained elsewhere. Length of pipe used in feet. Excavating, back-filling and laying. 3. Calking. 4. Teaming Total of 1, *,3 and 4. Total corre- sponding to 1, L>, 3 and 4, from Table No, 5, etc. Exca- vating, etc. Laying, etc. Total of i and 2. Total corre- sponding to 1 and 2 from Table No. 5, etc. 4 inch. Medium Digging. 1,214 Ave., etc.. $.09460 $.09660 $.01300 $.00650 $.09460 $.09660 $.01300 $.00650 $.11410 $.11420 ti-inch, Easy Digging. 480 422 38U 533 201 378 401 416 364 181 320 711 545 1,501 228 265 485 266 442 Ave., etc.. $.06781 .10147 .06374 .07576 ' .09127 .06874 06039 .07416 .05818 .08057 .05778 .05108 .05771 .07488 .07017 ,06566 ,05567 .05677 .06493 $.00959 .02177 .02253 .01444 .01975 .02063 01376 ,01696 .01922 .1.1362 .01906 .01293 .01686 .02037 .01211 .01389 .01136 .01038 .01040 $.00338 .01173 .0,067 .01098 .00564 .01518 .00899 .01083 .OOJ25 .01373 .01053 .(,0854 .00950 .00480 .0(294 .00426 .00324 .00338 .00355 $.01171 .01173 .01067 .01098 .01237 .01518 .01011 .01083 .00928 .01373 .O10.i6 .00886 .00872 .00524 .00496 .00423 .00326 .00338 .00358 I 1 $.06825 $.01577 $.08402 $.08380 $.00827 $.00891 $.10120 | $.10350 6-inch, Medium, Digging. 526 666 242 7^2 727 144 318 164 428 1,039 138 597 129 131 311 273 406 Ave., etc.. $.09366 .(18989 .114996 .07204 .10241 .12185 .14775 .06288 .06301 .09476 .06594 .05717 .1031i> .08992 .07180 .143 n O .087ul $.02319 .01477 .01901 .01883 .01264 .04756 .01448 .01413 .01998 .01625 .02(538 .01540 .02155 .01637 .01479 .02817 .02227 $.01198 .01117 .00930 .00922 .01362 .02027 .01416 .00060 ,01157 .01474 .01138 .01131 .01566 .01055 .00868 .015(51 .00999 $.01198 .01)981 .01115 .01014 .01208 .02034 ,0(1919 .009(56 .01157 .01278 .01145 .01040 .01217 .01056 .00868 .01399 .00777 $.01140 $.08918 $.02034 $.10952 $.11230 $.01333 $.13425 $.13200 10 Supplement to Tables Nos. 2, 3, and 5. (Continued.) Excavating, back-filling and laying. Total corre- Length of Total corre- sponding to 1, 2, 3 pipe used in feet. 14 Exca- vating, 2.1 Laying, etc Total of 1 and 2. sponding to 1 and 2 from 8 Calking. 4. Teaming Total of 1, 2,3 and 4. and 4, from Table etc. Table No. 5, Is o.5, etc. etc. 6-inch, Hard Digging. 265 $.08276 $.02301 $.01275 $.01698 307 .14378 .01645 01098 01101 Ave., etc.. $.11327 $.01973 $.13300 $.15480 $.01186 $.01399 $.15885 $.17450 8-inch, Medium Digging. 496 $.08794 $.02458 $.00907 $.00544 3,743 .06898 .01654 .00541 .00421 5*9 .07656 .01272 .00425 82 .OJ756 .01122 .01098 Ave., etc.. $.08276 $.01626 $.09902 $.12730 $.00743 $.00483 $.11130 $.14960 S-inch, Hard Digging. 157 $.12540 $.02924 $.02147 $.01433 Ave., etc $.12540 $.02924 $.15464 $.17000 $.02147 $.01433 $.19044 $.19230 1'2-inch, Easy Digging. 1,255 $.09207 $.02388 $.01147 $.00609 Ave., etc $.09207 $.02388 $.11595 $.12910 $.01147 $.00609 $.13351 $.15690 12-inch, Medium Digging. 1,132 $.09627 $.04595 $.11220 $.01193 $.00569 2 161 .12400 .01030 4283 .10070 01650 1 785 .13350 589 .16930 010) Ave etc $.13394 $.15750 $.01193 $.01337 $ 15920 $ 18530 16-inch, Medium Digging. 374 $ 22818 $.04904 $.27720 $.02107 $.02045 2,839 .25830 .01820 Ave., etc.. $.-6780 $.24900 $.02107 $.01933 $.30820 $.28520 20-inch, Easy Digging. 242 $.15876 $.04417 $.02508 $.02513 1 450 .15820 .08383 .03010 .04310 Ave., etc.. $.15848 $.05400 $.21250 $.29450 $.02759 $.03411 $.27420 $.34620 24-mc/i, Medium Digging. *( 19 416 $ 32820 $.07310 $.07570 $.02280 Ave, etc.. $.32820 $.07310 $.40130 $.41260 $.07570 $ 02280 $.49980 $.51110 11 Supplement to Tables Nos. 2, 3, and 5. (Continued.) Excavating, back-filling and laying 1 Total corre- Total sponding Length of pipe used in feer, Exca- vating, etc. r 24 Laying, etc. Total of 1 and 2. corre- sponding to 1 and 2 from Table 3. Calking. 4. Teaming Total of 1, 2,3 and!. tol. 2, 3 and 4, from Table No. 5, No. 5, etc. etc. 21-inch, Medium Digg'fig (2.) 19,416 Ave., etc.. $.38940 $.08180 $.07570 $.07570 $.02230 i ^.36940 $.08180 $.45120 $.02280 $.54970 j 30-inch, Easy Digging. 561 Ave etc $.37000 $.08420 $.08420 $.37000 48-inch, Medium Digging. $1.950t $1.650t t Including foreman. * (1) Reduced by proportion to correspond to a depth of 4.67, from (2) 5.43 feet the ac- tual depth. t These figures include calking. The $1.95 is based upon ordinary labor at $1.75 per day, and $2. 00 per day for laying. The $1.65 is based upon labor at $1.50 per day, and was reduced by proportion from $1.95, assuming that the number of layers \, as 1-10 the number of other laborers. TABLE NO. 6. COMPARISON BETWEEN THE TOTAL COST PER LINEAL FOOT OF THE LABOR OF LAYING WATER PIPE AND EXCAVATING AND BACK-FILLING FOR THE SAME, ETC., GIVEN IN THE PRECEDING TABLES, FOR MEDIUM DIGGING, AND WHAT THE TOTAL COST WOULD BE IF THE TRENCHING, ETC., HAD BEEN BASED UPON $0.30 PER CUBIC YARD INSTEAD OF THE AMOUNTS CHARGED TO TRENCHING, ETC., IN TABLE NO. 5. THE COST OF LAYING, ETC., HAS BEEN CONSIDERED THE SAME IN BCTH CASES. SI- ~~ ~ -~ At $0.30 per cubic yard. From Table No. 5. 8J5.5 fail* SlfeS Q Laying, etc. Trenching, etc. Total. Laying, etc. Trenching, etc. Total. $.0676 .0886 .1099 .1334 .1583 .2235 .3)35 .4876 $.1382 .1506 ,16o2 1758 .1890 .2160 .2447 .2742 $.2058 .2392 .2731 .3092 .3474 .4395 .5482 .7618 $ 0676 .0886 .1099 .1334 .1583 .2235 .3035 4876 $.0833 .0968 .1111 .1252 .1392 .2239 3154 .3754 $.1509 .184 .2210 .2586 .2975 .4474 .6189 8630 +$.0549 + .0538 4- .0521 f .0506 4- .0498 .0079 - .0707 - .1012 In this table, under the division headed "At $0.30 per Cubic Yard," the cost per lineal foot of Trenching, etc., is based upon the excavation at $0.30 per cubic yard, measured in the trench, instead of the actual cost, and takes the place of the amounts charged in Table No. 5, for medium digging, to trench- ing, teaming, and % the amount charged to foreman and tools, etc. (ex- clusive of the cost of blocks and wedges, which are included in the cost of Tools, etc., for 24-inch pipe, in Table No. 5). The figures relating to laying, etc., are the same as those charged in Table No. 5 for medium digging, to laying, calking, lead, carting, and % the amount charged to foreman and tools, etc. (exclusive of the cost of blocks and wedges, which are included in the cost of tools, etc., for 24-inch pipe, in Table No. 5). In each instance, in calculating the cubic contents of the trench, the width was considered as 2 feet more than the diameter of the pipe and % of a foot deeper than the water line of the same. 12 TABLE NO. 7. AMOUNT PER LINEAL FOOT TO BE ADDED TO THE FIGURES GIVEN IN THE PRECEDING TABLES FOR RELAYING PAVING, ETC., IN CASES WHEN THE STREETS ARE PAVED BE- FORE THE WATER PIPE IS LAID. Diameter of pipe in inches 4 6 8 10 12 16 20 24 30 36 48 Cobble stones Granite blocks laid $0.12 $0.12 $0.12 $0.13 $0.13 $0.14 $0.16 $0.17 $0.18 $0.20 $0.23 upon a sand founda- tion 0.18 0.18 0.18 0.19 0.20 0.22 0.24 0.25 0.27 0.30 0.35 Granite blocks, con- crete foundation, joints filled with pea gravel and asphal- , tum 0.93 0.96 1.C1 1.05 1.09 1.18 1.32 .1.37 1 50 1.64 ; 1 - M The cost of a square yard of broken stone ins. thicfc, put properly in place in a street, would be about $0.40. The figures in this table were based upon a trench 3 ft. wider at the surface of the ground than the diameter of the pipe, in order to allow for caving, etc. The cobble stone paving was considered at $ 0.30 per square yard, the granite blocks laid upon sand foundation at $0.45 per square yard, and the granite blocks laid upon a concrete foundation, etc., at $3.46 per square yard. The granite blocks were estimated to lay from 24 to 27 per square yard. TABLE NO. 8. AVERAGE COST OF LAYING LEAD SERVICE PIPE, INCLUDING EXCAVATING AND BACK- FILLING FOR THE SAME. Tap and stop. Pipe per lineal foot. Tap, stop, "Wpicrht Laying, etc., pil 3tc., including )e. tapping. Lead pipe. Tin-lined lead pipe. %inch. V-2 " t I 4 " $6.00 6.23 6.81 8.67 10.71 } inch. 1 4 ' \y\ ite 3.00 pounds. 4.00 4.75 6.00 9.00 10.00 $0.34 0.40 0.45 0.52 0.70 0.76 $0.52 0.64 0.73 r.88 1.24 1.36 The labor of excavating, back-filling and laying, etc., was considered in all cases for lead pipe at $0.16 per foot. The price used for lead pipe was $0.06 per pound, and the price for tin-lined lead pipe $0.12 per pound. ENGINEERING NEWS AND AHERICAN RAILWAY JOURNAL Published every Thursday at Tribune Building, New York. 23d Year. Five Dollars. Engineering News contains each week twenty- four pages of valuable reading matter, cover- ing the entire field of engineering science in both this and foreign countries. 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