THE GIFT OF FLORENCE V. V. DICKEY TO THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES 4 THE DONALD R. DICKEY LIBRARY OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY •j«rsoaa oaoiAVO] no punpo/nuv^ ILLUSTRATED EXHIBITION EDITION. ARTHUR'S GUIDE TO YORK PURITY STREf^GTH FL/\VOUI{ lib. makes 120 caps of delicious cocoa. ROWNTREE'S COCOA Elect Cocoa Elect Cocoa Elect Cocoa Elect Cocoa Elect Cocoa i Elect Cocoa Elect Cocoa Elect Cocoa P" Sff T' ■" 'lie- 'Xr- ■' 'l^^TSi Recommended by llthcleading Med- I ical Journals and ther organs. 6d. lib. ^Ib. & lib. Tins, Of most Qyocers. THE Cocoa Works YOKK. Published at ARTHUR'S Stationery Warehouses. 20 & 27 Davygate. York. YORK MINSTER, S.E. ... CITY OF YORK, ITS MANUFACTURES. THE CRYPT. ... HISTORICAL SKETCH BIRDS EFE VIEW A Walk ro'jxd the city ... THE exhibition CHAPTER HOUSE PORTRAIT OF PRINCE ALBERT VICTOR MANSION HOUSE LEEMAN STATUE MICKLEGATE BAR ... STAGE COACH NOTICE PROMENADES STREETS AND SHOPS PAGE ... ... . 4 • •• 5 . 6 7 . in 16 . 19 . 22 . 23 . 24 . 25 . 26 . 27 . 28 X Spectacles versus Failing Sight. X IN ANSWER TO NUMEROUS FRIENDS AND ENQUIRERS, GEORGE CHAPMAN, WATCHMAKER, JEWELLER, &c., (By Indenture), 51, CONEY STREET, YORK, Is desirous of stating that he has had over 26 years experience in fitting ♦* SPECT^C^ES & FOI^PERSk '^ and that he always has on hand a Stock of Concave, Convex, aid Meniscus Lens SPECTACLES. &c., of heat quality and finish. REPAIRS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. X Note Correct and Only Address: — 51, CONEY STREET, (OPPOSITE MESSRS. KIRBY and NICHOLSON'S) Yorkshire Fire & Life Insurance Gonipan^. {Ettablishtd at\York, 1824, and empowered by Act of Parliament). Capital, £500,000. Accumulated Fund, £901,277. Annual Income, £162,824 TRUSTEES. W H HARRISON BROADLEY, Esq. | The Right Hon. LORD DERWENT Tho Right Hon. LORD WENLOCK. DIRECTORS. The Rt. Hon. LORD WENLOCK, Escrick Park, Chairman. PHILIP SALTMARSHE, Esq., Saltmarbhe, nr. Howdkn^ ) Deputy H. J. WARE, Esq., Yobk. \ Chairmen. COL. BBIGGS, Catheriiigton House EDWAKD P. MAXSTED, Esq.. Hull. Horndean. 8IH JAS. MEEK, Kt.. Cheltenham. DIGBY CATLEY, Egn., Norton Grove, . JAMES MELROSE, Eeci., Clifton Croft, nearMalton. ' LT. COL. GERARD SMITH, Hull. r}ork GEO. A. 1)1 NCOMBE, Esq., BeTerley. EDWIN UKAY, Eaq., York. "WM. HOTHAM, £mi., Fulford Park, York. JOHN F. TAILOR, Esq., Holly B»nk House, York. H. HELL THORP, Esq., 1, St. James* Terrace, Clifton, York. Rev. CAN ON J ARRA1T, North r-uve. C. W. WAKE, Esq., Leamington.! W. H. JALLAND, Esq., K.K.C.S., York. DAVID WILSON, Esq., Cottingham, W.MATTEBSON,Esq.,M.D.,F.U.C.l'.L Hull. loik. [Crolt, York. i SIR G. O. WOMBWELL, Bart. New. F. L. MAWDESLEY, Eeii., Delwood burgh I'riory, uear EaslBgwold. LIFE »EPART1?IEj>IiT. In addition to tho usual liberal conditions the following special advantages are now applicable to thu Company's policies. LIFE CiiAlMfe are paid immediately on Proof of Death and Title. WORLD-WIDE FREEDOM OF TRAVEL granted in most cases after one year. POLICIES ARE PRACTICALLY INDISPUTABLE on toy grounds after three years. FREE RIGHT IS GRANTED TO REVIVE LAPSED POLICIES within six months of lapsing, and without tine or fresh proof of health. SURRENDER VALUES ARE CALCULATED on a Fixed and Liberal Scale, full and equitable at all ages. 'iHE bURRENDER VALUE IS AUTOMATICALLY placed to Assured's Credit, whether applied for or not. FOUR-FIFTHS. OR EIGHTY PER CENT. OF THE PROFITS on the Participating Policies are divided amongst the Policy-holders in that Depart- ment every five years. AN INThRMEDIATE BONUS is granted on With-Protit Policies becoming Claims between two Quinquennial Divisions of Profits. FIKE DEPARTMENT. The Rate of Premium lor Private Dweliing-hou.sts built* of L)i< V u tone» and Tiled or Slated, is Is. (id. per cent. Insurances are taken on the most modeiate terms, in accordance with the nature of the risk. Losses cau.sedby tho explosion of gas are covered by this Company. FARMING STOCK INSURED AT 5s. PER CENT. No Extra Charge made for the List of a bteum Thrashing Machine. Losses by Lightning made good. Prospeciuees, Tables of liutes, Foi nis of Proposal and cyery inlormation on the subject of Kire and Life liiaurunce business can be ubtaintd on application ul the Hkau Oriiuk, York, or lo aD\ ul its Agents througliout the United Kingdom. Sub- Manager— ma K^ ED. COOKSON, Secretary and General Manager — J. A. CUNNINGHAME. Head Office— ST. HELEN'S SQUARE, YORK. Ifbrcscnts from ^ovk. USEFUL AND ORNAMENTAL ^ PRESENTS FROM YORK, FROM Q^ PRESENTS FROM YORK GLASS PAPER WEIGHTS WITH MI|4STEI{ VIEWS. SHELL PURSES, "A Present from York" ^^°^ 6Vod. ITTTT f l I 1 I t I' THE:- STATIONERY:- WAREHOUSES, 20 & 27, DAVYGATE, ARTHUR'S. <5V S'^-^^ CO cc LlJ < UJ a < UJ ^1 ^ ARTHURS CJ;.IDK TO YORK. Its Manufactures. The object of the followiue: pages is to f^ive as full and concise au account of the antiquites, &c., of the city as possible. The excursionist, however, should not be allowed to depart witliout some knowledge of its manufactures and commerce, which are considerable, and increasing. It contains several large iron, glass, and confectionery works, also extensive tanneries and currying establishments, besides which, the railway shops alone usually employ about 9000 men. We have manufacturers of organs, pianofortes, agricultural implements, cocoa, cattle spice, cutlery, cumbs, and a number of other manufactures. Cooke's Optical Workf are world known. Rowntree's Cocoa Works cover an extensive area near tlie Station, where they employ several hundreds of hands in the manufacture of their different specialities. Sir Joseph Terry's productions in confectionery are to b;3 found in almost all parts of the world. Flour Milling is also a very important bransh of the manu- factures of the city. Messrs. Fairwevther and Mills have large mills on the banks of the Ouse. Messrs. Leetham have extended their mills a great way up the banks of the Foss, they have also coastrueted a silos said to bo one of the largest in Europe. York can boast of a Fat Cittle Market second to none ; and its Wool Market has b3coja3 a very important one. 567886 6 ARTHtTR S GCIDE TO YORK. It has six newspapers, three dally, and three weekly: three of which are unionist, two liberal, iind one conservative. Hence when people say York is without manufactming or commercial importance, you might almost fancy them misleading ; and the yisitor need not enquire long in the city until he become con- vinced of the importance of its manufacture and commerce. Wm/'i 1 ^^^B ^ i HH M Ww^K^^^G^^ 1 ^^^^ t^ 8 IbvI HI Wm n X i I m H^HK i 1 lit .sJhhHw. '■' rj MnH "Tl iH 'In i^H 1 wUm J LJ m ^g ^^M^TfflW w^^^^Z 1 ^& ^ ;':* ^ 1 ■ ^^^^ ^^ £ ^^■1 Rl THK CHVPT, YORK MINSTER. ♦>-f NOTE BOOKS. The New Loop Back Mem. EXEf{CISE BOOKS for Notes and Journals in All Bindings. AT ai^iir '5^ 20 & 27, DAVYGATE, P YORK ARMS OF THE CITY & SEE OF YORK. (3ui6e -f to "f Uork, HISTORICAL SKETCH. Perhaps no city in Great Britain is more interesting to the ex- cursionist than York, the capital of Yorkshire, situated on the Ouse and Foss, 198 miles from London, -^Ol from Edinburgh, at the junction of the three Hidings of the county, and for many legal purposes a county in itself. Once the metropolis of the Romans in Britain, it contains many antiquities illustrating the manners of that warlike nation ; afterwards ruled by the Saxons and Danes, it abounds in vestiges of those sturdy peoples. The grand old Minster, battered by the storms of a thousand years, the Norman Castle and Abbey, the "Walls, the Bars, the Exhib- ition, the new Eailway Station, the fine old Churches, and a hundred other objects, all combine to make York a place of interest and resort. Geoffrey of Monmouth attributes the foimdation and name of this famous city to Eboracus, King of Britain, grandson of ^neas, about the time David reigned in Judea. By the Romans it was called Eboracum, the Saxons again changing its Latinism called it Eborwic or Everwic, but how this ultimately became York is uncertain. The Roman occupation lasted about 400 b AETHUB S GUIDE TO YORK. years, and from the seoond campaign of Agricola its history is distinctly recorded. While it was the capital of the aiost distant Eoman province, several emperors visited it — Adrian, Severus, Caracalla, who was crowned within its wjdls. t>everus died in York after a campaign against the Picts ; his body was burned on Severus Hill, and the ashes sent in an urn of porphyry to Rome. Constantius, too dying here, it is said, was buried in an old Church once stnudiug in Aldwark. Constantiae the Great, born here in '2'i'i, was afterwards the first Christian Emperor of Rome and founder of Constantinople. Not less eventful were the times in York, when Briton, Saxon and Dane contended for power. In its neighbourhood King Arthur achieved most of his brilliant victories. In a.d. r>2i, he kept Christmas there (the first year of observing the festival in Britain), and rebuilt some of its churches, tlien in ruins, destroy- ed by the heathen Saxous. There, too, the first conversion of the Saxons took place, and the first Christian Churches were setup amongst that people. In t)27 Edwin, King of Northumbria was baptised on Easter Day by Paulinus, who becume the first Archbishop of York, in 735 Egbert the Arclibishop founded his celebrated school, which himself first, then Albert taught, and afterwards acquired great renown under Alcuin, a native of York, and the greatest ornament of the Anglo-Saxon Cliurch, till he became the teacher of Charlemagne. About the close of tlie tenth century, the population of the city was about ;5(i,0tK), a great proportion Danes, who harassed the English a great deal. In liMiii Hadrada and Tostig defeated the English at Fulfonl ; a few days afterwards tlif-y themselves were defeated and slain at Stamford Bridge by Harold. Here, when William of Normandy appeared, the brave Saxous made the most determined resistance to his cruel dastardly hordes. In li)(js William built York Castle, called Ciitiord's Tower; the next year the Danes sU!\n Mdoii of the garrison and retook the city, in revenge tor which William depopulated the whole coiuury between York und Durham, destroying every liouse anil tree, un which occasion lun. ()()() human beings perishea. At this und even later tim< s on account of the different races occupying the soil, and the distance between north and south, York was a city of the greatest importance. Even after the fusio.i of Saxon, Dnnish and Norninn blood was complete, the city was frecpiently favoured by the prcsmce of Koyalty on their way lo and from warfaring on the borders. But Royalty often resided lie.e in iBIRD'S EYE VIEW OF YORK. FROM THE iLLUS.LON. NEWS. 10 Arthur' s guide to york. times of peace, and Coney Street and Spurriergate were inhab- ited by the nobihty. Thus the streets were gay with their pomp and pageantry, the river gUttering with their barges, and the shops of the city, under royal and noble patronage, equalled even those of London. At this time it was a great resort for Jews, who located themselves in two quarters of the city, Jubb- ergate (now Market Street), and Jewbury, in Layerthorpe. About 200(1 of them were murdered by the people in Clifford's Tower in 119n. King John visited York sixteen times. In 1299 Edward I. held his parliament here. In lo27 Edward III. was married in the Minster to Philippa, niece of John of Hainault, in her fourteenth year. A quarrel arose between the bride's people and the Engli>h, when an engagement took place outside Walmgate Bar, in which 5''.Mi other persons. On the '^I'^ud April, 1878, the foundation stone of the present j^crmanent Exhibition was laid by the Lord Mayor, attended by the Council and Aldermen of tiie City, and Mayors, Professors, Clergy and gentry from distant places. It was opened May 7th, 1S79, and was a source of great attraction Since the civil wars and banisliment of the Stewarts, York has lost caste, but it will always be a fa ourite resort to the traveller, A WALK ROUND THE CITY. The New Railway Station. — On reaching York by rail, the traveller find•^ himself on tlie platfoiui of the largest and most handsome raihvuy station in the world. It was opened for traffic June '25th, 1877, the first train starting for Scarborough. While impres>ed witli its apparent strength and solidity you are sur- prised at its light and pleasing appearance. B(Miig built on a curve adds greatly to its beauty, liglit, and gracefulness. Its length is .hOo ft,, breadth 234 ft. 'I'he roof consists of four semi- circular spans, .lie largest, tlie north centre, is n1 ft. wide, two are .Oo ft. wide, and one 4.3 ft. The platforms are spacious and TADGASTER Tower Brewery COMPANY. eELEBRATED ALES fi STOUT Head Offices and Stores George St., YORK C. H. TRIPP, Manager. PRICE LISTS ON APPLICATION. m w I m o ^ o M 3 « SO ?=3 H PS «> i) ♦ » m 3D jf m o> o m o so 30 ■D Arthur's guide to york. 13 roomy, and the down line is connected with the main platform by subways. The refreshment rooms, waiting rooms, &c., are arranged with every regard to comfort and convenience. The chiei booking office is 41 ft. by Sh ft., affording every facility for passengers. The principal entrance to the station is spacious and w-ell arranged, parallel with the city walls, and approached by a broad drive. The New Hotel adjoins the station, and is entered from the principal platform by an octagonal vestibule leading through to the hall of tha front entrance to the hotel. The building is large ; the north front being 272 ft. long, the east 99 ft. 9 in., and the west 4a ft. 5 in., having a good depth and spacious and lofty rooms. Though somewhat heavy, the general appearance of the building is grand. It stands just outside of the city walls, at the top of a gentle slope, about 8()() yards from the river Ouse, the space between beautifully terraced down to the water's edge — a most delightful j)leasure ground — trees, flowers, fountains, ■ — a perfect Elysium. Here the view is magnificent. On the opposite banks are the pleasant and picturesque Museum Gardens with their beds of well-arranged flowers, green swards and ancient ruins, St. Mary's Abbey, &c. Behind these rise the towers of the Minster, and to your right hand lies the old city of York. On leaving the station, as you face the walls, the new road on your right hand leads to the Mount, Knavesmire, &c. ; coming towards the river on the left, you see two sets of three arches in the walls, the first set lead to Eailway Street, Micklegate, &c., the three knver down to Lendal Bridge. Tliis elegant structure consists of a Tudor arch, 17 5 ft. span, 25 ft. high, constructed of iron by Messrs. Hawkes, Crawshay k Sons, Gateshead, at a cost of je35,0()(), alter a design by Mr. Page, architect of Westminster Bridge. The footpaths are 8 ft. 3in., the carriage-way 21 ft. 4 in. Crossing the bridge you gain a complete view of this beautiful structure by going down the steps opposite the toll house, to the Esplanade. You there see the Princess Alexandra bearing the Eoyal arms, the arms of the Archiepiscopal See of York, and the White Eose of York. From the bridge you obtain a fine view of the Minster, the beautiful grounds of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society, the Guildhall, St. Martins-le-Grand, and and the spires and towers of otlier city churches. Close to the bridge is the Yorkshire Club Chambers, an elegant building in Lendal, formerly Old Coney Street. At the end of the Chambers ou have Lendal on the right, with the Post Office, Stamp Office lA Arthur's guide to york. Judges' Chambers, James Parson's first Lendal Chapel, &c. ; on the left, the Museum grounds ; and straight on, the new front of the Festival Concert Hall. The charge for admission into the Yorkshire Philosophical Grounds is one shilling, but on excursionists showing their rail- way tickets onlj' threepence is demanded. If, however, you get an order from a subscriber, you, or your party will be admitted free. Near the gates on the right hand are the ruins of St. Leonard's Hospital, a Saxon foundation ascribed to King Athelstan, re- built in 1187 by King Stephen. The only remains standing are those of the Ambulatory, a covered cloister of six aisles, and the chapel ; the stone figure seated on a chair is supposed to be an efl&gy of St. Leonard, to whom it was dedicated when rebuilt by Stephen. Near these remains stand the Mutangular Tower, that form- ed part of the old Roman wall, which, according to Dr. Lister, and others, would run from this tower to Market Street, up Feasgate, St. Andrewgate, and terminate near Aldwark, then again up Lord Mayor's Walk, making an angle by the present city wall, and crossing by Bootham Bar. The lower part of this building is evidently Roman, built of small ashler stones and tiles. This being one of the chief antiquities of York, is well worth the visitor's careful attention. Laid near are several Roman stone coffins dug from various parts of the city. At the end of the gardens are the ruins of St. Mary's Abbey, founded in 1050 by Siward, Earl of Northumbria. and dedicated to St. Olave. In 1078 Stephen, a monk driven from Whitby and Lastingham, came to the Abbey and added to it, when the Nor- mans changed the name to St. Mary's, St. Olave being a saint in the Saxon calendar ; a church near, however, still retains the name of St. Olave's. From tlie strictness of the I'eiiedicrine rule, the monastery declined, and in 11.8'2 a compauv of monks after a scene of violence, founded the Fountains Abbey, near Ripon. It was surrendered to the crown in l.iK), since wliich time it has been greatly destroyed, the stones having been taken away to repair the castle and various churches, and make lime. Turning the corner we come to the Refectory wliore the monks used to dine, near which also sood the chapter-house and cloisters. Those parts of the building near the palisading were built in the time of Rnfus. The chief remains are tlie nortli wall with viug between England and Scotland. The Earl of Stratford, the last Presi- dent, made alterations in the middle wing and interior, placing C. R. (Charles Rex) on various parts, and his own arms elabor- ately over one of the doors, which formed one charge against him at his trial, having placed his own arms on one of the royal palaces. Charles resided here after leaving Loudon, whence he issued his commission of array before leaving to raise the standard at Nottingham. The building is now used as a school for the' I Arthur's guide to tork. IT blind, founded in 1834 as the county memorial of William Wilberforce, in which sixty blind children are itistrucfcei in various useful handicrafts. In returning notice the wall on your left, a portion of that built in 1:519 to protect St. Mary's Abbey. Crossing the street you are at Booniwr Bar. which is the north gate into the city. The arch is Norman, built on the site of the old Roman gateway. It suffered much in the Civil Wars, from the Parliamentary cannon, and was afterwards restored with the arms of the Commonwealth The barbican was taken down in 1H3'2, the portcullis still remains. Up Boot.ham are St. Peter's School, the Industrial Ragged School, and the City Lunatic Asylum. The Yorkshire Gala is also hold up this road ; this is the most important Floral and Musical Fete in the North of England ; every variety of flowers, ferns, plants, and shrubs being sent for exhibition from the chief growers iathe kingdom. Going through the Bar and down High Petergate you stand before the beautiful West Front of the Minster, the church you see on its south side being St. Michael's-le-Belfrey, so called from standing under the Minster Bell Tower. The onlv thing to note about this church is that the infamous G-uy Faux of Gunpowder Plot notoriety was baptized, and his family interred in it, being people of standing in the city at the time. The Minster, as we have seen, originated from the small wooden church erected by Edwin of Northumbria for Paulinus. Immediately after, as Bede tells, the same King began a larger building in stone on the same site. , This was destroyed by fire at the time of the invasion in 1068, when A.i*chbishop Thomas, the first Norman Archbishop, rebuilt it (1070-1100). This building also was destroyed by fire in 1137, and rebuilt by Archbishop Roger (11.54-1181). The present Cathedral began under Archbishop Walter-de-G-rev (1215-1 ; looking towards the west, the Museum Gardens, the silver Ouse, the crystal ci owned Railway btation ; to tLe north, the "iork A\ olua, anciently the 1 01 est ol Galtres, ana tiie Hambledon Hills; to the south, Bishopthoi^ie i alace, the windings ol the Ouse, and a hundred other objects. Leavmg the Minster, passing its east end, and the York School oi Art on your right, enter Colusge bTKEET, and the overhanging archway is St. William's College, founded in l4t)U by the x>Jevilleb, a residence lor the parsons and chantry priests ol" the Minster, in a room ot which the Koyai Press was set up m l44ii. 'ihe umber work is very curious, and the Btaircate debeives notice. At the bottom ol the street is GoonEAMGATt — Guthrumgatc (Guthrum a Danish king who lought againbt Ailieuj. Ihe corner shop was occupied as a draper's bhop by George Hudson, the Kailway King, is early opposite is Lelern in which was lormeriy the College of the \icar's Choral, ordained i'Ai)2. A lew steps fiuiher on is Monk Bar, the most lofty of the Bars said to have been erected in the 14th century, and to be the most perfect specimen ot its kind of architecture m the kingdom. In ear the Bar and at the corner ol Lord Major's Walk is the Church of SSt. Maurice, a beauti- lul eaihce rebuilt lb7 5-l«7b. The road straight on leads to Heworth. barker's Hill, a narrow street, leads to Aldwark, the part occuiJied by the Komaus, near which can still be traced the old BoMAN Locks at the 1 oss Islands (the hhings up of the docks) near the Bed Iower, where several hundred Bomau galleys used to moor. It was about a mile long ; the new rail- way cuts the widest part of it. Coming by Beasholme Green is bT. Cuthbert's Church, about lUou, and bT. Anthony's Hall, la4U. Coming along bt. baviour Gate is balem Chapel (James Parsons), bt. baviour's Church, and otner places ol interest. 1> caching CoHiergate the dilapidated ruins before you are the remains of bT. Crux Church (14^4;, rebuilt by bir Christopher A\ren (liiViT), now being totally demolished. Higher up is Christ Church on the site of the Imperial Palace oi Bboracum, and near this again is bT. bAMisoN's, wanting the tower, since the Civil ^\ars. The only church in England dedicated to this Saint. AUTHUR's G^^TIDE to YORK. 21 You can uow examine the Shambles, or go down Parliament Street to the Pavement. Passing St. Crux iuto Fossgate you see the Mkrchant's Hall, known by the old doorway witli arms above it. It has a grand chapel, and two halls, one hung with fine old portraits. It was formerly an hospital, founded in 1377, and was dissolved in 1650. Crof-sing the Foss by the Bridge into Walmgate, you catch a fine glimpse of Clifiord's Tower and the Castle. A few steps lead you to !St. Dennis's Church, a few steps further on to the iron gates ol St. ^Margaret's Church, celebrated for a KoRMAN Porch, adorned on the outer arch with the signs of the Zodiac. V almgate Bar is a little further down. It m as sadly destroyed by the Parliament during the Civil "War, who rebuilt it in l(j-»N. It date> from Edward I., the Barbican from Edward III. Outside the Bar is St. Lawrence Church, with a magnificent Norman Doorway on the south side. You must now ascend the City Wall at the Bar, you can go as far as the Bee Tower and survey the site of the Roman docks and moats. You are now on the oldest portion of the \\ all, set on very ancient arches (127!2-1327). Eeturning, mount the steps on the other side of the Bar, and the Cattle Market runs parallel with the Walls to Fishergate. From the Bastion at Fishergate a splendid view is had to the north of the Castle, Minster, &c. Near to Fulford are situated the York Barracks built in 1796, for cavalry troops and recently much enlarged, now occupied by the Icith Hussars. York is now one of the principal military centres of the kingdom, and the new Infantry Barracks, on a site of thirty-five acres in extent, afi'ord accommodation for upwards of 1,5U0 men, with quarters for the Officers and their families. There are two entrances from Fulford Boad, with guard rooms and ranges of offices. In the centre of these is the Armoury Keep, a fire-proof building and heated with hot water, three stories in height, with walls U It. in. thick ; the floors are concrete, the windows protected with ball-proof steel shutters, and the outer doors lined with steel. The Powder Magazine is formed on the summit of one of the towers, and the powdtr cnn be raised by the means of a hoist. Accommodation is provided ior nearly t),000 stand of arms and accoutrements. The total cost of the buildings was about sa ARTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK. £150,000 Eeturning to the City, in Fishergate, is the War Office for the northern district, necessitated hy the formation of a military centre at York. It is a neat looking building, of red brick, faced with stone ; has a lofty tower and clock with two dials. It is solely intended for military purposes, and is furnished with suites of offices for the officials commanding the different branches of the service. H. R. H. PRINCE ALBERT OF WALES. Now stationed with the loth Royal Hussars at York. (From a Photo by La'aycttc, Dublin). ABTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK. 28 Coming on to Castle Mill Bridge, you cross the Fobs into St. George's Field, a pleasure ground opened in 1733, but spoiled now by the Seldekgate Bridge and New Public Baths built upon it. At the Blue Bkidoe are placed two large Sebastopol Guns. Here the mouth of the Foss has been narrowed, it was broad in the times of the Danes, whose galleys used to moor up to the site of the present York Castle Walls. These walls are 1,100 yards in circuit, 35 ft. high, built in 183B at a cost of a quarter of a million. The only ancient portion of the Castle standing is Clifford's Tower, built by William the Norman on a Koman foundation. It was wrecked in lt)42 by Cromwell after Marston Moor. It is now a county prison, having also assize courts. &c. The porter at the gate will admit you to see the yard and towei, but to see the prisons requires an order from the Pris. Com. It is said a walnut tree grows in the interior planted by George Fox, founder.of the Society of Friends while a prisoner lor his faith. Near the Castle is the Mechanics' Institute, the foundation stone of which was laid by H. B H. The Prince of Wales, with Masonic Honours (1883). The large building erecting on the block to the left of the Institute is the new Municipal Offices. Estimated cost £17,000 Coming on to Spurriergate past St. Michael's Church, from the corner of Market Street is Coney Street (from the Danish ^onyng or King Street), once the residence of the nobility. You THE MANSION HOUSE. 24 ARTHUB« GUIDE ToJJ|yORK. pass the Black Swan Hotel and St. Martins-le-Grand Church to the Mansion House (17-^5), the residence of the Lord Mayor ; behind which is tne Guildhall (1446), erected by the Mayorl commonality and brethren of St. Christopher's Guild, that of St. Georsfe "being added afterwards. Leavino; the Guildhall, cross St. Helen's Square (the view of the Minster up Stonegate is a picture), to the highly decorative cliurch of that name, dedicated to the Empress St. Helena, mother of Constantine, standing on ground once occupied by a Roman temple dedicated to Diana. The Street to the right is Davygate, leading directly to the Market Place and Pavement. You can cross Lendal Bridge to Tanner's Moat, view the Guildhall, &c., then mount the walls by the steps. There was a grand prospect here previous to the building of the New- Station, the view is still fine, though circnm-;cribed. The Museum grounds and ruins are grand. are invited to inspect the stock of Photographic Views and Souvenirs, * of York, at ARTHUR'S 5STAT10!VERF« ITAREHOUSES, Di/tVYG/rTE. ■ ® ' PHOTOS from 2d. each. The Statue of GEORGE LEEMAN. Passing the Bastion you come to MicKi.KttAXK Bah, tlie largest and most interesting of the Bars. Situated on the London Ixoad, it forms a very striking approach to the city, is of late Saxon ur N^i ARTHUR S GUIDE TO TORK. 26 Korman date, a square tower over a circular arch, with em- hattled tiiirotp at ihe corners. Beinp the chief eutrance. it was used for exhihitirig tlie heads of decapitated traitors particularly during tlio ^^ar^ ot the Eoses. The heads of Loni iScrope. and. Earls of T)cYoiishire, Wiltshire, and Carlisle were thus exhibited; I" MICKLEGATE BAR, ON WHICH THE HEADS OF TRAITORS WERE EXPOSED. 26 abthur's guide to yobk. also the Duke of York in 1460, bearing a paper crown written^ "that York might overlook the town of York ; " but, when Edward IV., after the battle of Towton, entered the city, in his wrath at the sight, had the heads of his father's murderers hung np in the place. It has not witnessed such a sight since 1745. Micklegate means "The Great Q-ate." It was formerly the residence of much nobility, chiefly Roman Catholics, amongst others the Earl of Derwentwater, who rebelled in 1715. Past the Bar the Nunnery and Gardens are seen south of the "Walls. A little further on was the Old Prison, and Bailie Hill, erected by the Norman tyrant for state prisoners. A fine view is to be had|here of the castle and town. Y'ORK Four Days Siage-Coach. Iieg,r,< 0" Friday ibe xnb of April i 706 ALL ihai arc defirouslopaGhom Lomi^i) lo 7 Jr^, OT from Tori\ to Lnndm or anv other PUr? on tliai fload.Lculiein Repair lo the ^Ja^l^^roa^nrx HolbonriL m Londn/i dtid to the Bl(icl^Sa"!'i m Coney fiTfei in Tor/^ At both which Places they may \)c fcccivedind Stage Coach every ylorduy. ^ it/n-jdcv imd t ricLiy; wbuli performs the wlioleJournevinFour Days, (1/ Ood pcrrniu. ) And ffts forth at rive m ihcMorning. And returns from Torh^ 10 Stamjord in two ftays and from Stamford by Humnngton (o London m ivvo days more. And the liJ<° Stages on their letuin. AlloiTJlg cJcJi Pjll'fiiger 1,1. ni-i^(. jr,,| ill j[,nvf jrf „ Po„.i:l Perforined By I Henrr Harrifon. I Walur SaYne\ Mo this gives Notice that Ncwcaillc Stage Coadi Ids out from York, every Monday, and FriddV, and , ^ from Newcdflle every Monday, and Friday ' YORK CO/\CHING DAYS. Fac-simili-; of the Coaching Notici-; in 1706. Arthur's. GUIDE to yokk. 27 Crossing Again by Skeldergate Bridge to St. George's Field, tnake up the waterside, the stone wall you see belonged to the Monastery of the Gray Friars, w^iich stood between St. Mary's Church and ihe river. Here boats are let out, and pleasure steamers leave Ouse Bridge at ii-HU and 7 p.m. for trips to various places on the river. The new Saloon Steamer, " Thb May Queen," was s|iecially built for the Ouse, it will pass the New Locks at Naburn (opened by Prince Albert Victor, July, 18HS), at any tide. Tlie Ouse Stone Bridge is an old one. It fell by being over- crowded in 1154. Some Scotchmen lost their lives upon it in an uproar in IQflB, it was re-built in 15(36, the present beautiful and firm structiiie was erected from li^lO to iS'^O. You can now go up the bridge steps into low and high Ouse Gate, into Parliament Street or up Micklegate. Besides the foregoing there are many other nooks and places of interest about the city, corners only found by moving and looking about. Many of the churches are well worthy of a visit. The windings between Skeldergate and Nunnery Lane are w^orth exploring. There are also many pleasant walks in the suburbs of the city, for instance up Bootham to Clifton, thence back to Leudal by the river banks, and down the Esplanade. Acomb, a pleasant village past Severus' Hill, is two miles distant ; Bishopthorpe, having the Bishop's Palace, is near three miles south ; the Bace Course and Dnnghouses up Micklegate ; Fulford with its beautiful church past the Barracks; Heslington Hall. Huntington, Haxby Road, i^c, all pleasant neighbouriioo.'.s. Boronglibridge is 17 miles distant, Knaresbro' and Harrogate, boih easv of access by rail. CHURCHES OF 'YORK. Ail :>aiTi/s', North Street, about DOO. St Marj , Bisho])hill the Elder. All Saints', Fuvehttnt. St. Mary, I ushoplnll the Younger. Christ Cbnicli, Kiiitr's Sqiiaro. St. Michael, Spurriergate. St. Clemevt's, C/ementhorpe, IS 74. St. Michael- le- Belfry, Fetergate, St. Cuthhcrt's Pt'aslioliiK- Greeu. [11)66. St. Crux, Pavement, 1424. St. Denuis, VValnigate. St- Helen. Stonegate- St. John, Mickl.'trate. St. Lawroui-o. Wahngat(> Bar. St. Margaret, Wulmgate. St, Martin-le- Grand. Coney Street. St. JJartin-cuiu-Gregory, ^Micklegate St- Mary, Castlegate, St. 0/ave, Murygate, 1055. St. Sanipsou, Church Street. St. Saviour, !^t Saviourgate. Holy Trinity, (jiooilramgato. St. .Maurice, Monlcgate. Holy Trinity, Micklegate. St. Paul, Holgate Lane. St. Thouuis, Lowther Street, Groves, [1854. Those in italics are most deserving notice. 28 ARTHUR S GUIDE TO YORK. wsmmmmAmmm, The Esplanade. — From Leudal Bridge, passing the Museum Grounds, and Scarbro' Bridge, to Clifton Scope. The New Walk. — Fr.)m Skeldergate Bridge, passing the Band Stand, St. George's Baths, Blue Bridge, through a splendid avenue of trees, to the Spring Well, and Military Landing Stage. The Bar Walls. — From the steps at Bootham Bar, passing the north side of the Minster, Deauerj' Gardens, Training College on the left, to Monk Bar ; this is oue of the most interestmg walks in the city. (The walls restored and re-opened to the public with civic honours, ^June, 1889). Ruins of St. Mary's .vbbky. Arthur's guide to york. 2^ A PEEP IN THE WINDOWS. Beautiful as York unquestionably is, if denuded of its shops it would lose much of its attractiveness ; the same remark, in- deed, will apply to all the health and pleasure resorts of the United Kingdom, for the shops of any town add considerably to its embellishment. There is much art displayed in the dressing: of shop windows now-a-days, and the York tradesmen are not much inferior, if at all. to their compeers of the metropolis. Coney Street, Ouse^^ate, Dawsfate, and Parliament Street are the main streets for shops. Church Street and Mickle^ate are also good business streets and contain many excellent places of business. In Clifford Street. The Pavement, and Feasegate, are chiefly the business places of manufacturing tradesmen or the chambers of professional men. ^THE DRAPERY & MILLINERY SHOPS of the city are of a good class, as evidenced by^he windows and show-rooms of Messrs. LE\K ct THORP,^ Commerce House, Coney Street. Messrs.^KTRBY & NICHOLSON, Coney Street. Mr. H.-G. DAY, Costumier, St. Helen's Square. Mr. C. E. ROBINSON, Fancy Draper, 50, Coney Street. Mr. F. J. TRA.FFORD, The Stuff Warehouse, Davygate. Mr. S. G. CRUMMACX, Fancy Draper, 17, Coney Street. GARDINER BROTHERS, Drapers and Milliners, 9, Low Onsegate. Messrs. PICK