Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/ecclesiasticalarOOroyarich THE ECCLESIASTICAL AKD AECHITECTUEAL TOPOGRAPHY ENGLAND. PUBLISHED UNDER THE SANCTION OP THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OP THE archaeological Institute of ffireat iBxitnin anlr JErelanti. DIOCESE OF OXFORD. OXFORD AND LONDON, JOHN HENEY PARKER. M DCCC L. iOAN StACX THE Y* / 4* 3 ECCLESIASTICAL AECHITECTURAL TOPOGRAPHY OF ENGLAND, rUULlSHED UNDER THE SANCTION OP THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OP THE ^tcbaeologtcal Institute of CEfreat 99rtta(n anli SrelanH. OXFORDSHIRE. \ OXFORD AND LONDON, JOHN HENRY PARKER. MOCCCL. OXFORD : PRINTED BY I. SHRIMPTON. ADVERTISEMENT. The publication of this county, with Berkshire and Buckinghamshire already published, completes the archi- tectural survey of the diocese of Oxford, which is intended to form the First Volume of the work. The Notes for this county have been prepared chiefly by Mr. I. H. Parker, assisted occasionally by diflerent friends, and the whole have been submitted to the Archdeacon and other com- petent authorities for correction when necessary. The next Part to be published will be Cambridgeshire, which with Bedfordshire already published, and Hunting- don, with part of Suffolk, which are also in preparation, will complete the diocese of Ely, and form the Second Volume of the work. It may be useful to repeat for the use of beginners in the study of Gothic Architecture, that the abbreviations used throughout this work are N. for Norman, E. E. for Early English, D. for Decorated, and P. for Perpendicular, according to Mr. Rickman's definitions of the styles or periods, and for the sake of more easy reference his Chronological Table is repeated with each county. The initials of those who have contributed to the work are appended to the articles for which each is responsible. C. L. — Charles Leslie, Esq. B. F. — Benjamin Ferrey, Esq. R. C. H.— R. C. Hussey, Esq., F.S.A. W. L.— Rev. W. Lloyd. J. C. S.— Rev. J. C. Stafford. J. M. D.— J. M. Derick, Esq. A. N. — Alexander Nesbit, Esq. J. B. — John Billing, Esq. I INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. Few counties possess a greater variety of objects of interest to the student of Gothic Architecture, or of Archae- ology in general, than Oxfordshire. The churches are not indeed generally on so magnificent a scale as those of the fen districts of Lincolnshire and Cambridgeshire, or the north-eastern part of Northamptonshire, but there are many very fine chm^ches. Those of a smaller scale and with less outward appearance to attract, are often found on exami- nation to be full of interest, and well worthy of a careful examination. The history of the county shews it to have been of more importance in the middle ages than it has been since. In the Saxon period it was the frequent abode of the great Alfred, and of other Saxon kings. Of this period however the remains are very scanty and doubtful ; the tower of St. Michael's and the Castle in Oxford seem both to belong nearly to the same time, and as the Castle was not built until after the Norman Conquest, and it is doubtful whether the city had stone walls before that time, it is more reason- able to suppose that they are both of the time of William the Conqueror. The tower of Northleigh, and the other slight remains, scarcely appear to be of earUer character. The Norman kings resided much in Oxfordshire, in the palace of Beaumont, the favourite abode of Henry the First, or sometimes for security in Oxford Castle, or in more peace- ful times at the hunting seat at Woodstock. Without doubt INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. the abode of the court attracted many of the nobility and gentry to reside in the same neighbourhood, and according to the custom of that age, wherever they built a manor- house, they built a church also. The houses have disappeared, while many of the churches or parts of them still exist. The remains of the Norman period are accordingly very numerous in Oxfordshire, though with the exception of St. Frideswide's, now the Cathedral, and Iffley, they are not generally very rich. There are however many fine Norman doorways and arches. Some of the small churches among the chalk hills seem to be of very early foundation, especially the three which are terminated by the round east end or apse, Checkendon, Woodcote, and Swincombe ; it is well known that this form was rarely used after the beginning of the twelfth centmy. The Norman Fonts are numerous and some of them very good, two only are of lead, at Dorchester and War- borough, that of the adjoining parish of Long Wittenham in Berkshire is also of lead, but of rather later character. In the THIRTEENTH CENTURY this county still continued to be the frequent abode of the court. Henry the Third resided much at Woodstock, and his brother Richard, king of the Romans, at his palace, originally the manor-house, at Beckley. Of these two royal palaces scarcely a vestige now remains, the site of the palace of Woodstock is pointed out in Blenheim Park, and that of Beckley may still be traced by the remains of the moat and earth-works, but none of the actual building remains. There are many fine churches and portions of churches of the Early English style in Oxfordshire. Of the earlier portion of it, distinguished by its lancet windows, there are especially many fine chancels, with their eastern triplets, as Stanton Harcourt, Bucknell, Tackley, &c. The chapter-house INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. at Christ Church is a very fine specimen of this style. There are also fine Early English spires at Witney, Bampton, and Broad well, that of the cathedral is a remarkably early ex- ample, though less lofty and elegant than the others. Of the later period of this style, or the latter half of the thirteenth century, when the windows have foliated circles in the head, and begin gradually to change into other geometrical forms, but still retain the Early English mouldings, there are several good examples ; as the south aisle of Woodstock, and a chapel on the south side of the chancel of St. Giles's, Oxford ; the series of gables on the north side of this church are unusual and picturesque ; the circular east window of Westwell is very remarkable from its exact resemblance to early French work of about A.D. 1240. The Early English Fonts are not nearly so numerous as those of the Norman period, but there are a few fine specimens, especially that of St. Giles's, Oxford. Of the Domestic Architecture of the thirteenth CENTURY the remains are scanty, but some small portions of the houses of this period still exist, though the number is almost every year decreasing. The prebendal house at Thame was a very valuable example of a house of this period, but its original character has been almost destroyed within the last few years. There is an Early English door- way in a house near the town-hall at Chipping Norton ; the old manor-house at Cottisford is partly of this period, the central part or hall has been rebuilt, but the two wings, or square tower-like projections, are original, with some windows and a chimney of this period. At Coggs there is part of a manor-house, with two good windows of thi^ style. The Treasury of Merton College is a curious ex- ample of a fire-proof building of the latter part of the thirteenth century. b INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. Of the early part of the Decorated style, or the last quarter of the thirteenth century, the examples in this county are particularly fine, as the chancels of Dorchester, Haseley, Piddington, Kidlington, Stanton St. John's, Mer- ton chapel, and the tower and spire of St. Mary's, Oxford. Of the more advanced period of the Decorated style, or the middle of the fourteenth century, the examples are also numerous and fine, as Great Milton, the eastern part of Dorchester, parts of the Cathedral, St. Mary Magdalene, and St. Aldate's, Oxford. The towers and spires of Blox- ham, Adderbury, Broughton, and St. Aldate's, Oxford. At Cassington a Decorated spire has been built upon a Norman tower, at Standlake the tower is remarkable as being octa- gonal from the ground, with a small spire ; at Newington there is a clumsy spire of this period, scarcely worthy of notice, excepting as being the only spire in the southern division of the county, between Oxford and Henley. The Decorated Fonts are more numerous than the Early English, and several of them are very good, as St. Mary Magdalene, Oxford, Kiddington ; that of Wood- stock is still exposed to the weather in a garden ; at Nuffield is a very remarkable inscription round the edge of the font. The Domestic Architecture of the fourteenth century is almost as rare as that of the thirteenth, but the examples remaining in this county are rather more import- ant. One wing of Broughton Castle with the domestic chapel is tolerably perfect ; at Wroxton Abbey the east window of the chapel and some other fragments of this period have been preserved ; in a house at Shutford there is a Deco- rated doorway; at Bampton the gate-house which once formed the entrance to the mansion or castle of Aymer de Valence is tolerably perfect : at Botherfield Greys a brick tower and some other portions belong to the early part of INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. this century, if not earlier ; on a house at Woodstock there is a good small chimney of this style, the fire-place to which is also original, but quite plain. In Oxford, the library and hall of Merton College are chiefly of this period, though with subsequent alterations. About the middle of this century the rebuilding of Windsor Castle by King Edward the Third was completed, and after that time the court resided very little in Oxford- shire, and this county gradually decayed in wealth and importance. A short revival took place in the time of James 1., of which period the remains are considerable. The University however continued to flourish, and perhaps never was more flourishing than during the fifteenth century, and the beginning of the sixteenth, when several new colleges were founded, and most of the older ones rebuilt and enlarged. In the Perpendicular sTYiiE there are, of course, many additions and parts of churches, but not many entire build- ings ; there are, however, some good examples, as Minster Lovell, the plan of which is believed to be unique, and is very good. Ewelme is also a good Perpendicular church throughout. There are Perpendicular spires at Hand- borough and at Burford ; the porch at Burford is also a fine example. The nave and chancel of St. Mary's, Oxford, New College, Magdalene and All Souls' College chapels, the transept and tower of Merton, are also good specimens of the style, and most of the colleges belong to it, though some are much debased. The Fonts of this style are too numerous to be men- tioned, but a few may be selected ; particularly Ewelme, with its fine carved wooden cover, Minster Lovell, En- sham, Stanton Harcourt, and in Oxford, St. Aldate's and St. Martin's. Of the Domestic Architecture of the fifteenth INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. CENTURY, the remains in Oxfordshire are not very remark- able. The colleges are rather monastic than strictly do- mestic buildings, although the kitchens of New College and Christ Church and several other parts are quite of do- mestic character and good examples. Shirburn Castle is still good on the exterior, the interior is modernized. The hospital and school-house at Ewelme are good speci- mens of the brick-work of the period. A small part of the house in Thame park, a house and barn at Upper Heyford, the town-hall at Chipping-Norton, a house at Hook Norton, the remains of the mynchery at Littlemore, a good brick tower at Hanwell, considerable remains of the large manor- houses at Minster Lovell and Stanton Harcourt, are of this period ; the kitchen of the latter is probably the best ex- ample remaining in any part of England. At Mapledurham there is a fine manor-house of moulded brick- work of the time of Henry VIH. in a very perfect state. The remains of the house of Dr. King, the last ab- bot of Oseney, and the first bishop of Oxford, in St. Aldate's, Oxford, are worthy of notice. Wolsey's alms-houses may also be mentioned, though the front is partly modern. The houses of Elizabethan character are numerous : a few of the principal may be mentioned ; Hardwick house. Cote house, near Bampton, Rowsham and Water Eaton ; smaller houses at North moor and South Leigh, and nu- merous portions of houses in Oxford. In this hasty survey of the chief architectural features of the county, many of the minor points are entirely passed over, and there remain to be noticed some of those details and parts of churches which are often more interesting to the archaeologist than the general character of the buildings. There are Chantry Altars at Chipping Norton and En- stone ; at Garsington the original altar-slab has been replaced. INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. There are Squints or Hagioscopes for obtaining an ob- lique view of the altar, of Norman date, at Bixbrand and Newnham Murren ; of later character at Stokenchurch, Clialgrove, Chipping Norton, Ipsden, Kelmscott, and Min- ster Lovell. There are Low side Windows of the thirteenth centuiy at Binsey, Salford, North Stoke, and Broadwell, and of the fourteenth at Garsington. Stoups or niches for holy water at Wardington, Check- endon, Westwell, Aston Rowan t, and Emmington. Wooden Bell-cots on the west end of small churches are common, in some instances the framework appears to be ancient. Stone Bell-cots are less common, but there are some good examples in this county ; those at Binsey, Forest Hill, and Kelmscott are of early character, either transition from Norman or Early English ; there are ex- amples of later date at Balscot, Coombe, Fifield, Idbury, Holton, SwalclifFe, Tadmarton, and Widford ; some of these are for the sanctus-bell only, as at Coombe. Gable Crosses have so often suffered from exposure to the weather, that it is worth while to enumerate good ex- amples of them ; there are specimens of Early English work at Bampton, Broadwell, and Cowley. Decorated, at the east end of Merton College chapel, Brightwell, Chal- grove, Sydenham, Piddington, Asthall, and Taynton ; and Perpendicular at Coombe and Northleigh, and the tran- sept of Merton College chapel. There are Churchyard Crosses in a tolerably perfect state at Headington, Ensham, Yarnton, and Waterpery, and the shafts or steps or remains of them in numerous instances. Stone Pulpits at Black Bourton, Coombe, and at Mag- dalene College, all of the Perpendicular style. A Stone Chancel-screen of the Decorative style at Brougliton, in some other instances the lower part of the INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. screen is a solid stone wall, and sometimes this remains when the upper part is destroyed, as at Dorchester. There are good specimens of Medieval Sculpture in several churches, as in the cornices of Alkerton, Bloxham, and Hanwell, on capitals at Hampton Poyle, Adderbury, Hanwell, and Caversham; figures in sunk panels at Bi- cester and Ducklington, in niches at New College, Mag- dalene College, and St. Mary Magdalene Church, Oxford: at Bampton figures of angels are used as pinnacles to the spire, and are very elegant work of the thirteenth century ; there are two rude crucifixes at Langford, and another on the tower at Somerton. At Horsepath there are two curious figures of a bagpiper and his wife, projecting from the wall of the tower in the inside of the church. At Sand- ford, near Oxford, there is a remarkable sculpture of the assumption of the blessed Virgin. The Reredos of an altar remains with the figures in it at Somerton, Bampton, and Hanwell, and an elegant one of three niches of pecuUar form at St. Michael's, Oxford, but this has lost its figures. Of Monumental Effigies there are several good ex- amples ; as of the fourteenth century in the Cathedral, at Dorchester, Harpsden, Brize Norton, Hampton Poyle, and Northmoor; of the fifteenth, at Ewelme, Thame, Water- pery, Broughton, Minster Lovell, Stanton Harcourt, North Aston, Northleigh, and St. Aldate's, Oxford. At Drayton, near Banbury, is a good incised slab of alabaster. ^ Monumental Brasses are so numerous that a list of the churches in which they occur has been added to the table of contents in preference to enumerating them here. In Medieval Iron-work, Oxfordshire is not so rich as the neighbouring counties, there are however good hinges of the twelfth century at Brightwell Salome and Brightwell Prior, Cuxham, and Clanfield ; of the thirteenth at Syden- INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. ham and Ascott ; of the fourteenth, on the door of the hall of Merton College, a very rich example ; and of the fif- teenth at Shipton and Westcot Barton, and the west door of St. Peter's, Oxford. Specimens of Medieval wood-work are numerous. Of the thirteenth century, we have the screen at Stanton Harcourt, and a miserere at Kidlington ; of the fourteenth, screens at Dorchester, Cropredy, and Thame, roofs at Adderbury, Beckley, Kidlington, Ipsden, Stanton Harcourt, and the porch at Harpsden. Of the fifteenth, screens at Dorchester, Heyford, Mil- combe, SwalclifFe, Shutford, Swinbrook, Yelford, Dunstan, Handborough. Carved open Seats at Ascott, Heyford, Milcombe, Great Tew, Ensham, Steeple Aston and Sandford. Some good stalls and stall-desks in the Cathedral, at Dorchester and Kidlington ; at Stanton St. John's the poppies are per- haps the most curious and remarkable in England. Pulpits, at Great Tew, Burford, Widford, Handborough, Sandford and Wolvercot. Rood-lofts at Sydenham, Hook-Norton, Boddicote, Handborough. The Eont cover at Ewelme, and the Shrine of St. Erides- wide in the Cathedral, are celebrated examples. The Perpendicular Roofs of this county are generally very poor, a few are however worth mentioning, as of St. Mary's, Oxford, and All Souls' chapel; Christ Church hall is a very fine example, and some of the other college halls have good roofs though late ; Charlbury, South New- ington, Kidlington, Alvescott, with a painted ceiling, and Eulbrook, may be noticed here, though poor compared to some other counties. Of Decorative Pavement Tiles there are a few spe- cimens, as at Baldwin Brightwell, Easington, Chastleton, INTRODUCTION TO OXFORDSHIRE. Checkendon, Harpsden, and Ipsden ; in the muniment tower at New College the two upper rooms have their ori- ginal pavement of ornamented tiles, of the time of the founder, William of Wykeham, and therefore belonging to the end of the fourteenth century. There are Mural Paintings at Islip, Heyford, and Cas- sington. Remains of Painted Glass of the fourteenth cen- tury in the Cathedral, Merton College chapel, St. Michael's, Oxford, Beckley, Baldwin Bright well, Dorchester, Stanton Harcourt, and Stanton St. John's. Of the fifteenth cen- tury, in Merton, All Souls', and New College ante-chapels, St. Peter's church, Oxford, Hardwick, Henley, Shiplake, Whitchurch, Broadwell, Burford, Swinbrook, and Yarnton. Of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, in Balliol, Lin- coln, and Queen's College chapels. TABLE OF CONTENTS. The Churches best worthy of attention are marked Those marked R, are mentioned by Rickman, and his notes of them are printed entire. No. Deanery of Aston. 1 Adwell. 2 Aston Rowant. 3 Stokenchurch. 4 Baldwin Brightwell. 5 Brightwell Salome. 6 Chalgrove. 7 Berwick Salome. • " 8 Chinnor. 9 Crowell. 10 CuxhantL 11 Easington. 12 Emmington. 13 EWELMB. 14 Ipstone. 15 Lewknor. 16 Ackhampstead. 17 Pyrton. 18 Standelf, or Standhill. 19 Shirburn. 20 Stoke Talmage. 21 Thame. 22 Tetsworth. 23 Sydenham. 24 Watlington. 25 Weston, (South). 26 Wheatfield. 27 Warpsgrove, now Upsgrove. Deanery of Bicester. 28 Ambrosden. 29 Ardley. 30 Bicester. 31 Blechingdon. No. 32 Bucknell. 33 Charlton on Otmoor. 34 Chesterton. 35 Cottisford. 36 Finmere. 37 Fringford. 38 Fritwell. 39 Goddington. 40 Hampton Gay. ' 41 Hampton Poyle. 42 Hardwick. 43 Hethe. 44 Heyford at Bridge, or Lower, or Heyford Purcell. 45 Warren, or Upper Heyford. 46 Islip. 47 Kirtlington. 48 Lillingston Lovell. 49 Laimton. * 50 Merton. 51 Middleton Stoney. 62 Mixbury. 53 Newton Purcell. 54 Shelswell. 55 Oddington. "56 Piddington. 57 Somerton. 58 Souldem. 59 Stoke Lyne. 60 Stratton Audley. 61 Tusmore. 62 Wendlebury. 63 Weston-on- the- Green. CONTENTS. No. Deanery of Chipping Norton. 64 Ascott-under-Wychwood. W^ Q5 Charlbury. 66 Cliadlington. 67 Shorthampton. 68 Chastleton. ^ 69 Chipping Norton. 70 Overnorton. 71 Churchill. 72 Comwell. 73 Enstone. 74 Fifield. 75 Heythorpe. 76 Hooknorton. 77 Idbury. 78 Kingham. 79 Leafield. 80 Rollright, (Great). 81 (Little). 82 Salford. 83 Sarsden. 84 Shipton under Wychwood. 85 Spilsbury. 86 Swerford. Deanery of Cuddesdon. 87 Albury. 88 Balden, (Toot). 89 Beckley. 90 Bensington 91 Chiselhampton. 92 Clifton Hampden. 93 Cowley. 94 Cuddesdon. 95 Culham. 96 Dorchester . . 97 Drayton. 98 Elsfield. 99 Forest Hill. 100 Garsingtoru 101 Haseley. 102 Rycote Chapel. 103 Headington. 104 Hoi ton. 105 Horsepath. 106 Marsh Baldon. R. No. 107 Marston. 108 Milton, (Great). 109 Nettlebed. 110 Pishill. HI Newington. 112 Brightwell Prior. 113 Nuneham Courtenay. 114 Noke. 115 Sandford. 1 16 Stadhampton. 1 1 7 Stanton St. John. 118 Warborough. 119 Waterstock. 120 Waterpery. 121 Wheatley. 122 Wood Eaton, 123 Iffley R. Deanery of Deddington. 124 Adderbury. 125 Milton. 126 Boddicote. 127 Barford, (Little). 128 Alkerton. 129 Banbury. 130 Drayton, near Banbury. 131 Barford, (Great). 132 Bloxham. 133 Milcombe. 134 Broughton. 135 Cropredy. 136 Wardington. 137 Mollington. 138 Claydon. 139 Bourton Magna. 140 Deddington. 141 Hanwell. 142 South Newington. 143 Sibford. 144 Swalcliffe. 145 Epwell. 146 Shutford. 147 Tadmarton. 148 Tew, (Great). 149 (Little). 150 "Wiggington. CONTENTS. No. No. 151 Worton Nether. 193 Kencote. 152 Worton Over. 194 Langford. 153 Wroxton, 195 Faringdon Parva. 154 Balscot. |^» 196 Minster Lovell. |^» 197 Northmoor. Deangky of Henley. t^° 198 Standlake. 199 Shilton. 155 Bixbrand. 200 Swinbrook. 156 Bixgybwin. 201 Taynton. 157 Caversham. 202 Westwell. 158 Checkendon. 203 Widford R. 159 Crowmarsh Gilford. tST 204 Witney R. 160 Goring. 205 Yelford. 161 Harpsden. 162 Henley . R. Deanery of Woodstock. 163 Mapledurhani. 164 Mongewell. 206 Aston, North. 165 Nuffield. 207 Begbrooke. 166 Rotherfield Greys. 208 Blaydon. 167 Peppard. 209 Woodstock. 168 Shiplake. 210 Cassington. 169 North Stoke. 211 Coombe, (Long). 170 Newnham Murren. 212 Dunstew. 171 Ipsden. 213 Ensham. 172 Stoke, (South). 214 Glympton. 173 Woodcote. 1^" 215 Handborough. 174 Swincombe. 216 Kiddington. 175 Whitchurch. (^* 217 Kidlington. 218 Water Eaton. Deanery of Witney. 219 Northleigh. 220 Rowsham. 176 Alvescott 221 Sandford. 177 Asthall . R. 222 Shipton on Cherwell. tB^ 178 Bampton. t^^ 223 Stanton Harcourt. 179 Shifford. 224 South Leigh. 180 Blackbourton. 225 Steeple Aston. 181 Brize Norton. 226 Barton. 1^" 182 Broadwell. 227 Stonesfield. 183 Kelmscott. 228 Taekley. 184 Broughton Poggs. 229 Westcott Barton. 1^° 185 BURFORD .... . R. 230 Wilcot. 186 Fulbrook. 231 Wootton. 187 Clanfield. 232 Yarnton. 188 Coggs. ^ 189 Ducklington. 190 Cokethorpe. Deanery of Oxford. 191 Hailey. 233 Oxford, All Saints. 192 Holwell. iBS» 234 St. Aldate. CONTENTS. No 235 Oxford, St. Clement. 236 - 237 - 238 ~ 239 - 240 - 241 - 242 - 243 - 244 - 245 246 247 248 249 St. Ebbe. St. Giles . . . R. St. John Baptist. St. Martin. S t Mary Magdalene R. St. Mary the Virgin R. — - St. Michael . . R. St Peter (le Bailey). St. Peter (in the East) R. St. Thomas d. Becket. Holywell . . . R. St. Paul. Holy Trinity. The Cathedral of Christ Church . . R. No. 250 Oxford, Christ Church . R. 251 All Souls' College R. J 252 Brasenose College R. ^ 253 Balliol College . R. 254 Corpus Christi Col- lege R. 255 Exeter College R. 256 Magdalene College R. d 257 Merton College . R. ^ 258 New College . R. 259 Oriel College . R. 260 St. John's, University, and Wadham Colleges R. Schools . . . R. Castle. 261 - 262 - 263 Wolvercot. 264 Binsey. INDEX OF STYLES. Supposed Saxon, or Early Norman, before A.D. 1100 - 30 Bicester, arch - Crowmarsh Gifford, the whole church, especially the west end 159 Goring, tower - - - 160 Swincombe, apse and arches - 174 Northleigh church, tower - 219 St. Michael's church, Oxford, tower - - - 242 Oxford castle, D'Oyly's tower, c. 1100 - - - 262 Norman, 1100 to 1176. Brightwell Salome, doorway 5 Sandford, walls and windows 115 Crowell, doorways 9 Ipfley, rich doorways, arches, and Cuxham, doorway 10 windows - - - 123 Easington, nave and doorway - 11 Great Barford, doorway 131 Tetsworth, doorway 22 Claydon, arches 138 Bucknell, tower 32 Bixbrand, walls and windows - 155 Fringford, nave 37 Caversham, arches and doorway 157 Fritwell, doorways 38 Checkendon, walls, apse, and Mixbury, doorway 52 arches . - - 158 Stoke Lyne, chancel and door- Rotherfield Peppard, chancel 167 way - 59 Newnham Murren, nave and Ascott, arches, &c. 64 chancel - - - 170 Enstone, doorway 73 Whitchurch, doorway - 175 Heythorpe, doorway and arch - 75 Bampton, south doorway 178 Idbury, doorway 77 Broadwell, tower 182 Great Rollright, doorway 80 Kelrascott, arches and doorway 183 Salford, walls and doorways 82 BuRFORD, tower and doorway - 185 Dorchester, doorway and chan- Clanfield, arches 187 cel-arch . _ . 96 Kencote, doorway and arch 193 Headington, chancel-arch 103 Langford, tower 194 Newington, doorway 111 Standlake, walls 198 Brightwell Prior, doorway 112 Shilton, arches and porch 199 INDEX OF STYLES. Norman — continued. Westwell, doorways and walls - 202 Begbrooke, doorway and walls - 207 Cassington, chancel, and walls of nave - - - 210 Kiddington, chancel - - 216 South Leigh, doorway and pis- cina - - - 224 Westcott Barton, arches - 229 Wilcot, doorway - - 230 Oxford, St. Ebbe's, doorway - 236 St. Peter's, crypt, chan- cel, and doorway - - 244- Holywell, chancel- arch 246 CATiiEDKAL, arches of nave and choir, and doorway of the chapter-house - - 249 Transition from Norman to Early English, 1175 to 1200. The cathedral, Oxford, clere- Alkerton, arches 128 story windows of the nave and South Newingtou, arches 142 transepts, tower-arches and Swalcliffe, arches 144 tower - - _ 249 Shutford, arches 146 Chalgrove, nave-arches 6 Great Tew, doorway 148 Lewknor, nave 15 Goring, arches 160 Islip, nave-arches 46 Shiplake, arches 168 Middleton Stoney, nave and door- Bampton, tower- arches 178 ways _ - » 51 Black Bourton, nave 180 Somerton, arches 57 Broadwell, doorway and porch - 182 Chastleton, arches 68 Fulbrook, nave-arches 186 Cornwell, arch 72 Coggs, nave-arches 188 Enstone, arches 73 Ducklington, arches 189 Clifton Hampden, nave -arches - 92 Faringdon Parva, chancel and CuDDESDON, doorways and tower- nave _ _ _ 195 arches - _ . 94 Swinbrook, arches 200 Forest Hill, doorway - 99 Westwell, chancel- arch 202 Garsington, tower and nave- arches 100 Northleigh, arches and doorway 219 Holton, walls and doorway 104 Rowsham, arches 220 Horsepath, arches and doorway 105 Sandford, arches 221 Marston, arches 107 Oxford, St. Giles's, tower 237 Pishill, walls and windows 110 Early English, 1200 to 1275. S token church, doorway - 3 Ipstone, chancel - 14 Thame, chancel - - 21 Sydenham - - - 23 BucKNELL, chancel and nave - 32 Fritwell, chancel, nave, tower - 38 Middleton Stoney, tower - 51 Oddington, tower - -55 Charlbury, tower and arches - 65 Chadlington, arches and doorway 66 INDEX OF STYLES. Early English — coTitinued. Chastleton, arches 68 Kelmscott, arches 183 Fifield, chancel, porch, tower, and Broughton Poggs, chancel 184 spire ... 74 Clanfield, chancel 187 Salford, porch . . - 82 Ducklington, chancel and aisle 189 Shipton under Wychwood, nave Kencote, chancel 193 and tower ... 84 Langford, chancel 194 Toot Baldon, church and chancel 88 Northmoor, chancel 197 Cowley, chancel 93 Standlake, arches 198 Cuddesdon, nave-arches 94 Shilton, chancel 199 Elsfield, chancel and nave 98 Taynton, chancel 201 Haseley, doorways and arches 101 Westwell, chancel, with circular Headington, south aisle 103 east window 202 Great Milton, doorway 108 Witney, chancel, tower, and Waterpery, chancel and windows 120 SPIRE 204 Iffley, east end 123 Woodstock, south aisle and win- Atherton, doorway and porch - 128 dows 209 Milcombe, nave and aisles 133 Sandford, arches 221 Wiggington, arches and windows 150 Stanton Harcourt, chancel Nether Worton, doorway 151 AND transepts 223 Rotherfield Greys, window, door- Steeple Aston, arches - 225 way, &c. - 166 Stonesfield, arches 227 Shiplake, south aisle - 168 Tackley, chancel 228 North Stoke, chancel and tower 169 Yarnton, chancel and nave 232 Ipsden, chancel and nave 171 Oxford, St. Giles's, nave and Bampton, tower and spire 178 aisles .- - ■ 237 Black Bourton, chancel 180 St. Thomas's, chancel - 245 Brize Norton, tower Broadwell, arches, doorway, 181 246 and spire ... 182 chapter-house 249 Decorated, early, with Geometrical tracery, 1275 to c. 1325. Adwell, windows - 1 Chipping Norton, SOUTH aisle Stokenchurch, chancel - . 3 and chancel - - - 69 Chesterton, chancel and sedilia, Idbury, chancel and aisle 77 and tower - 34 Dorchester, chancel and Hampton Poyle, chancel - 41 aisles ... 96 Mixbury, chancel, nave, and Haseley, chancel 100 tower - 52 Stanton St. John, chancel PiDDINGTON, chancel - 56 AND clerestory 117 Charlbury, windows - 65 South Newington, aisles 142 INDEX OP STYLES. Early Decorated — contimted. SwalclifFe, aisles and chancel - 144 Tadmarton, church - - 147 North Stoke, nave - - 169 Bampton, nave, windows, and DOORWAY ... - 178 Broadwell, chancel, windows, and south transept - - 182 Kelmscott, transepts - - 183 Clanfield, chancel-aisle, windows, and tower - - - 187 Coggs, chancel, and tower, and aisle - - - 188 Northmoor, nave and tower - 197 Standlake, tower and spire and chancel • - - 198 Witney, north transept - 204 Ensham, chancel - - 213 Handborough, chancel - 215 KiDLINGTON, chancel-aisles AND PORCH - - - 217 OxFaRD, St. Mary's tower and spire - - . 241 St. Peter's, north aisle - 244 St. Thomas's, east window 245 Cathedral, chapels - 249 Merton Coll. chapel. Choir - - - 257 Decorated, late, with flowing tracery, 1325 — 1375. Aston Rowant, chancel - 2 Baldwin Brightwell, chancel - 4 Chalgrove, chancel - 6 Chinnor, chancel - - 8 Easington, chancel - - 11 Emmington, church - - 12 Lewknor, chancel - - 15 Thame, nave - - - 21 Amhrosden, nave and south aisle 28 Ardley, chancel - - 29 Charlton on Otmoor, chancel - 33 Finmere, chancel - - 36 Hardwick, chancel - - 42 Merton, near Bicester, chancel 50 Somerton, chancel and tower - 57 Kingham, aisle and tomb - 78 Great Rollright, windows and porch - - - 80 Swerford, church, with tower, and spire, and porch - - 86 Beckley, chancel - - 89 Clifton Hampden, chancel - 92 Dorchester, east end - 96 Garsington, chancel and clerestory 100 Great Milton, south aisle 108 Newington, tower and spire - 111 Adderbury, nave, tower, and SPIRB I - - - 124 Drayton, church and chancel - 130 Bloxham, nave and aisles, tower and spire - - 132 Brough ton, the whole church - 134 Cropredy, the greater part of the church, and a good porch - 135 Mollington, chancel, doorway, and porch - - - 137 Deddington, chancel - - 140 Epwell, chancel and tower - 145 Great Tew, arches and windows 148 Wiggington, chancel - - 150 Nether Worton, nave and aisles 151 Wroxton, the whole church - 153 Balscot, church and chancel - 154 Harpsden, chancel - - 161 Henley, east window - - 1 62 Nuffield, arches - - 165 Shiplake, chancel - - 168 South Stoke, windows - - 172 Brize Norton, chancel - - 181 Ducklington, north aisle - 189 INDEX OF STYLES. Late DEcoBAiED—contintted. Taynton, arches, aisle, and porch 201 Widford, chancel, and part ofnave 203 North Aston, nave and chancel - 206 Dunstew, nave and aisle > 212 Kiddington, nave, and tower, and chapel ... 216 Rowsham, chancel and tower - 220 Shipton, chancel - - 222 Stonesfield, chancel and aisle - 227 Wilcot, west end and porch - 230 Wootton, chancel and aisle - 231 Oxford, St. Aldate's, south AISLE, A.D. 1336 - - 234 St. Mary Magdalene, SOUTH aisle, A.D. 1327 - 240 Cathedral, Latin Chapel - - - 249 Perpendicitlae, eablt, 1375 — 1425. Sandford, aisle and east window ! 221 Stanton Harcourt, nave, west win- dow, and tower - - 223 Oxford, St. Bartholomew's chapel 234 St. Michael's, nave and aisle .... 242 Oxford, Merton College chapel, transept, A.D. 1424 - New College chapel, &c., A.D. 1386 - 257 258 Pprpendiculab, 1425 — 1525. EWELME, CHURCH, HOSPITAL, and schoolhouse, A.D. 1435 Thame, tower and transepts Ambrosden, chancel Bicester, tower Upper Hey ford, tower and chan- cel - Islip, tower - - _ Chipping Norton, nave and PORCH . , _ Idbury, tower and windows Kingham, tower and windows - Shipton under Wychwood, porch Beckley, nave and aisle Cuddesdon, chancel Rycote Chapel, A.D. 1449 Marston, chancel and tower Stanton St John, tower - Wood Eaton, tower AdDERBURY, CHANCEL AND VKS- try .... Deddington, porch 140 12 South Newington, porch 142 21 Wiggington, tower and clerestory. 28 and diagonal porch - 150 30 Caversham, two arches, with panelled soffits 157 45 Henley, tower ... 162 46 BURFORD, NAVE, AND PINE PORCH 185 Fulbrook, tower and aisle 186 69 Langford, aisles 194 77 Minster Lovell, church 196 78 Shilton, tower - - - 199 84 Swinbrook, window 200 89 Witney, west doorway and clere- 94 story 204 102 Dunstew, chancel and tower 212 107 Ensham, nave and tower 213 117 Handborough, nave, aisles, and 122 tower . - - 215 Kidlington, roofs and spire 217 124 Northleigh, Wilcote chapel 219 INDEX OF STYLES. Perpendiculae, — continued South Leigh, nave and aisle Steeple Aston, tower Tackley, tower and transepts - Westcott Barton, chancel and tower - _ - Wootton, tower Oxford, St Mary Magdalene, tower - _ > ■ — St. Mary's Church, chan- cel. A.D. 1445 224 225 228 229 231 240 241 • naveA.D.1488 ib. St. Thomas's, tower, - 245 Cathedral, vault of choir, A.D. 1528 - - 249 Ch. Ch., hall, kitchen &c. A.D. 1528 - - 250 All Souls' Coll., chapel, gateway tower, and front quad- rangle, A.D. 1442 - - 251 Brasenose Coll., gate- way tower, A.D. 1512 - 252 Oxford, Balliol College, library, A.D. 1431 - - - 253 Corpus Christi College, quadrangle, and gateway tower, with founder's chamber, A.D. 1517 - - - 254 ■ Magdalene Coll. chapel, and gateway tower, A.D. 1480 256 —— — Magdalene College tower, A.D. 1505 - - - ih. Merton College, chapel. tower _ _ . New College_chapel, A.D. 1386 - Lincoln College, north quadrangle, A.D. 1438 St. John's College, gate- way tower, A.D. 1437 The Divinity School, c. 1480 Wolvercot, tower 257 258 260 ih. 261 263 INDEX OF STYLES, &C. FONTS. Norman. DiECORATED. Easington - - 11 Chinnor 8 Lewknor - - 15 Fritwell - 38 Fringford - - 37 Somerton - 67 Cornwell - - 72 Chipping Norton - 69 Hook Norton - - - 76 Enstone - 73 Albury . - 87 Bloxham - 132 Dorchester, lead _ . 96 Wroxton - 153 Warborough, lead - - 118 Nuffield, (with inscription) - 165 Iffley - - - 123 Shiplake - - 168 Great Barford - - - 131 Burford . - 185 South Newington - - 142 Woodstock - - 209 Balscot - - 154 Kiddington - - 216 Mapledurham - - • 163 Oxford, St. Mary Magdalene - 240 Rotherfield Peppard - - 167 Brize Norton - - - 181 Broadwell " - 182 Perpendicular. Kelmscott - - 183 Cokethorpe - - 190 Stokenchurch - - 3 Shilton - - 199 Ewelme, with cover . - 13 Westwell . • 202 Ambrosden • - 38 Widford - - 203 Shipton - - 84 Northleigh 219 Rycote Deddington Great Tew - - 102 - 140 - 148 Early English. Clanfield . - 187 Aston Rowant - _ _ 2 Minster Lovell - - 196 Thame _ - 21 Taynton - - 201 Adderbury - - 124 Ensham - - 212 Rotherfield Greys . • 166 Handborough - - - 215 Alvescott _ ~ . 176 Stanton Harcourt - - 223 Bampton . _ 178 South Leigh - - 224 Wootton . . 231 Oxford, St. Aldate's - . 234 Oxford, St Giles's - - 237 -. St. Martin - - 239 INDEX OF STYLES, &C. BRASSES. Adderbury Aston Rowant '- Baldwin Brightwell Bampton Bicester Brightwell Salome Broughton Bucknell Burford Cassington Chalgrove Charlton on Otmoor Chastleton Checkendon Chesterton Chinnor Chipping Norton Clanfield Cottisford Crowell Cuxham Deddington Dorchester Ewelme Garsington Goring Great Tew Hampton Poyle Handborough - Harpsden Haseley Henley Heythorpe Holton 124 2 4 178 30 5 134 32 185 210 6 33 68 158 34 8 69 187 35 9 10 140 96 13 100 160 148 41 215 161 101 162 75 104 Ipsden - - - 171 Kiddington - - - 216 Launton - - - 49 Lewknor - - - 15 Lillingston Lovell - - 48 Middleton - - - 51 Noke - - - 114 Nuffield - - - 165 Oddington - - ~ 55 Oxford, The Cathedral - - 249 Merton College chapel - 257 New College chapel - 258 All Souls' College - 251 Corpus Christi College 254 Holywell Church - 246 St. Mary the Virgin - 241 ■' Magdalene College - 256 Queen's College - 260 St. John's College - 260 St. Peter-le- Bailey - 243 St. Peter's in the East - 244 Rotherfield Greys - - 166 Shiplake - - - 168 Stadhampton - - - 116 Stanton Harcourt - - 223 Steeple Aston - - - 225 Stoken church - - 3 Swinbrook - _ . 200 Thame - - - 21 Wallington - - - 24 Waterpery - - - 120 Whitchurch - - - 175 Woodstock - - - 209 Yarnton - - . 232 INDEX OF STYLES, &C. DOMESTIC ARCHITECTURE. Bampton, D. gatehouse - 178 Blaydon, P. round chimney - 208 Broughton Castle, D. and Eliz. - 134 Chipping Norton, town -hall P., doorway E.E. - - 69 Coggs, E.E. - - - 188 Coombe, P. part of rectory house 211 Cote house, Elizabethan - 177 Cottisford, E.E. and Elir. - 35 Ewelme, hospital and school- house, P. - - - 13 Hanwell, P. tower, brick - J41 Hardwick house, Elizabethan - 175 Hook Norton, P. - - 76 House and barn at Upper Hey- ford, P. - - - 45 Mapledurham, P. moulded brick, Henry VIII. - - 163 Minster Lovell, remains of P. manor-house - - 196 Mynchery, Littlemore, P. - 115 Nortlimoor, Eliz. parsonage - 197 Oxford, Wolsey's alms-houses; Bp. King's house - - 234 ■ Christ Church hall and kitchen, built by Wolsey ; stair- case to hall, t. Charles I. - 250 All Souls' College, first quadrangle, and gateway tower 251 Brasenose College, tower 252 Balliol College, library and oriel window - - 253 Oxford, Corpus Christi College, tower _ . - 254 Exeter College, hall and north tower - - - 255 • Magdalene College, quad- rangle, hall, and towers - 256 Merton College, treasury, library, and hall - - 257 Oriel College, hall, &c., Jacobean ... 259 ^-— St John's College, tower and gateway - - 260 Schools, quadrangle ; Wadham hall, Jacobean - 261 Rotherfield Greys, D. brick tower 1 66 Rowsham, Elizabethan - 220 Shirbum castle, P. - - 19 Shutford, D. doorway - - 146 South Leigh, Elizabethan - 224 Stanton Harcourt, tower and kitchen of manor-house - 223 Steeple Barton, remains of manor-house - - - 226 Swalcliffe, parsonage and barn 144 Thame Park, P. - - 21 Water Eaton, Jacobean - 218 "Woodstock, D. fire-place and good chimney - - 209 Wroxton Abbey, remains of a D. chapel - - -153 CHEONOLOGICAL TABLE. For the use of the student a table is subjoined, shewing the duration of the styles of English architecture, and the kings reigning in each period. Kings. Date. William 1 1066>, William II 1087 Henry 1 1100 Stephen 1135 Henry II 1154 to 1189J Richard L« 1189 ^ John 1199 / Henry III 1216r Edward I." 1272 to 1307) Style. Norman. [or English Romanesque.] Early English. [or 1st Pointed.] Remarks. Prevailed little more than 124 years ; no remains REALLY KNOWN to be morc than a few years older than the Conquest. Prevailed about 118 years. Edward n 1307) Decorated r Continued perhaps 10 or Edward III.c..1327 to 1377 ( . ^^^^''^l , , Hj^^'' If'' J''^^^'^ " ; [or 2nd Pointed.] (. httle more than 70 years. Richard II. ., 1377"| Henry IV 1399 Henry V 1413 Henry VI 1422 Edward IV 1461 y Edward V ]483 Richard III 1483 Henry VII 1485 Henry VIII.... 1509 to 1546 J Perpendicu- lar English. -{ [or 3rd Pointed.] Prevailed about 1 69 years. Few, if any, whole build- ings executed in this style later than Henry VIII. This style used in addi- tions and rebuilding, but often much debased, as late Las 1630 or 1640. » [The reign of Richard I. was the chief period of the Transition from the Norman to the Early English style. The change began perhaps a little earlier in a few instances, and continued a little later, some buildings of the time of King John being of Transition cha- racter. b The Transition from the Early English to the Decorated style took place chiefly in the reign of Edward I. The Eleanor crosses belong rather to the latter than the former style. In the latter part of the long reign of Edward III. the Transition from the Deco- rated to the Perpendicular style began, and was almost completed by the time of the acces- sion of Richard II. Some buildings of the Decorated style may be found of his reign, but the works of William of Wykeham, West- minster Hall, and many other buildings of this period, are of very decided Perpendicular cha- racter. Perhaps one of the earliest and best authenticated examples of this Transition, shewing a curious mixture of the two styles, is Edington church in Wiltshire, founded by bishop William of Edington in 1352, and con- secrated in 1361. The same bishop, who died in 1366, commenced the alteration of Win- Chester cathedral into the Perpendicular style, which was continued by William of Wykeham.] CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF DATED EXAMPLES IN OXFORDSHIRE. A.D. circa 1100, D'Ojly's Tower, Oxford Castle, circa 1160, Iffley Church. 1180, Oxford Cathedral, circa 1220, Chapter- House. 1277, Merton College Chapel, choir. 1280 — 1300, Dorchester, choir and aisles. 1324, Bampton, Gate-house, and part of the Church. 1327, Oxford, St. Mary Magdalene, south aisle. 1330, Merton Chapel, tower-arches. 1336, St. Aldate's, south aisle. 1349, Merton College Library. 1386, New College Chapel, «&c. 1424, Merton Chapel, transept. 1431, Balliol College Library. 1435, Ewelme, Church, Hospital, and School-house. 1437, Oxford, St. John's College, Gateway-tower. 1438, Lincoln College, north quadrangle. 1442, All Souls' College, Chapel, &c. 1445, St. Mary's, Chancel. 1449, Rycote Chapel. 1450, Minster Lovell Church, and ruins of Manor-house. 1480, Oxford, Magdalene College Chapel, &c. circa 1480, The Divinity School. 1488, St. Mary's, nave and aisles. 1496, Balliol College, Gateway-tower. 1505, Magdalene College tower. 1512, Brasenose College, Gate way- tower. 1517, Corpus Christi College, Chapel and Gateway-tower. 1528, Christ Church, Hall, Kitchen, &c. 1613, • Wadham College, Chapel and Hall. 1640, The Bodleian Library and the Pig Market. 1640, Staircase to the Hall, Christ Church. BOOKS RELATING TO THE ARCHITECTUEAL TOPOGEAPHY OP OXPOEDSHIEE. The Natueal Histoey of Oxfoedshiee, being an Essay towards the Natural History of England. By Robert Plot, L.L.D. Oxford, 1677. Folio. Second Edition. Folio. Oxford. 1705. Paeochial Antiquities, attempted in the History of Ambrosden, Burcester, and other adjacent parts of the Counties of Oxon and Bucks. By White Kennet, D.D. 4to. 1695. -^— Second Edition, with additions from the author's MS. notes. Edited by Bulkeley Bandinel, D.D. 2 vols. 4to. Oxford. 1818. A Specimen of a Histoey of Oxfoedshiee, being a History of Kiddington in that County. By T. Warton. 4to. 1783. Second Edition, London. 4to. 1783. Third Edition. 4to. 1815. Engeayed Illtjsteations of the Peincipal Antiquities of Oxfoedshiee, from original drawings by F. Mackenzie, and accom- panied with descriptive and historical notices by Joseph Skelton. Royal 4to., with 24 plates and 72 vignettes. 1823. The Beauties of England and Wales: or Delineations, Topo- graphical and Descriptive, of Oxfordshire. By J. N. Brewer. 8vo. 1813. A TOPOGEAPHICAL AND STATISTICAL DeSCEIPTION OP THE CoUNTY OF OxFOED. By G. A. Cooke. 12mo. A Compendium of the Histoey of Oxfoedshiee, and the OxFOED ClECUiT. By S. Tymms. 12mo. 1882. The Histoey and Antiquities of the Hundeeds of Bullingdon AND Ploughley. By John Dunkin. 2 vols. 4to., with engravings. London. 1823. The Histoey and Antiquities of Bicestee, compiled from original records, by John Dunkin. 8vo. 1816. Memoies of Osney Abbey neae Oxfoed, collected from the most authentic sources. By John Swaine, Esq., of Windsor. 1769. Desceiption of Nuneham Couetney. 12mo. 1797. Paeochial Collections foe the County of Oxfoed, printed by Sir Thomas Phillips, at Middle Hill. Never finished. BOOKS EFT.ATING TO OXFOEDSHIBE. Some Account of Great Milton, by Thomas Ellis. 8vo. Oxon. 1819. History of the Parish and Town of Bampton, &c., by Dr. J. A. Giles. 8vo. Bampton, 1848. An Account of the Roman Villa discovered at Northletgh, in the years 1813—16. By Henry Hakewill. 4to. Lond. 1816. An Account of a Roman Pavement lately found at Stones- field. By John Pointer. 12mo. Oxford, 1813. A History of Banbury in Oxfordshire, including copious His- torical and Antiquarian notices of the Neighbourhood. By Alfred Beesley. 8vo. Many plates. 1841. A Guide to the Architectural Antiquities in the Neigh- bourhood OF Oxford, published by the Oxford Society for pro- moting the Study of Gothic Architecture. With numerous woodcuts by O. Jewitt. 8vo. 1 846. Some Remarks upon the Church of Great Haseley, Oxford- shire. By the Rev. T. W. Weare, M.A. With numerous wood- cuts by O. Jewitt. 8vo. 1840. • Second Edition enlarged, to which is appended an account of Rycote Chapel. 1848. Some Account of the Abbey Church of St. Peter and St. Paul AT Dorchester. By the Rev. H. Addington, B.A., with numerous illustrations. 8vo, 1845. Views and Details of Stanton Harcourt Church, Oxford- shire. By J. M. Derick. Folio. 1841. Views and Details of Wilcote Church, Oxfordshire. By J. C. Buckler. Folio. 1844. Views and Details of St. Bartholomew's Chapel, near Oxford. By J. C. Buckler. Folio. 1844. Views and Details of Minster Lovell Church, Oxfordshire. By John Prichard. Folio. 1850. LIST OF BOOKS RELATING TO OXTOED. OxoNiENSis AcADEMiiE Desckiptio Frierbcrtus. 8vo. Romse, 1602. Antiquitatis Academic Oxoniensis Apologia. B, Twyne. 4to. Oxon. 1608. The History and Antiquities of the University of Oxford. By Anthony k Wood, M.A. of Merton College. In two books; containing, I. The Annals of the University; II, The History of the Colleges and Halls. PubUshed from the original MS., with a continuation to the year 1 790. By John Gutch, M.A., Chaplain of All Souls' and Corpus Christi Colleges, and Registrar of the Univer- sity. Oxford, 1786—96. 5 vols. 4to. The History of the City of Oxford, by Mr. Anthony k Wood. Published from his MS., with additions by the Rev. Sir J, Peshall, Bart. London, 1773. 4to. The History of the University of Oxfokd, to the death of William the Conqueror. Oxford. 1772. 8vo. The History of the University of Oxford, from the death of William the Conqueror to the demise of Queen Elizabeth. 4to. Lond. 1773. Athene Oxonienses. An exact History of all the Writers and Bishops who have had their education in the University of Oxford. To which are added. The Fasti, or Annals, of the said University. By Anthony a Wood, M.A. • The third edition, with additions, by Philip Bliss, Fellow of St. John's College. London, 1813, 5 vols, royal 4to. Henrici Dodwelli de Parma Equestri Woodwardiana Disputa- Tio. Accedit Thomse Neli Dialogus inter Reginam Elizabetham et Robertum Dudleium, Comitem Leycestriae, &c. in quo de Academise iEdificiis prseclare agitur. Oxonii, 1713. 8vo. With 18 plates. These plates have also been inserted in Nicliolls's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth; and round the Map by Ralph Agar, 1578; republished in 1738. The original drawings by Th. Neele, S.T.B. 1566, presented to Queen Elizabeth by the Earl of Leicester, then Chancellor, are still preserved in the Bodleian Library. OxoNiA Illustrata: delineavit et sculpsit Dav. Loggan, Univ. Oxon. Chalcographus. Oxonise, 1675. folio. OxoNiA Depicta : a G. Williams. London, 1738. folio. The ancient and present State of the University of Oxford. By John Ayliffe, LL.D. and Fellow of New College. London, 1714. 2 vols. 8vo. BOOKS RELATING TO OXFORD. OxoNiENsis AcADEMiA ; or the Antiquities and Curiosities of the Uni- versity of Oxford. By John Pointer, M.A. London, 1749. 12mo. OxoNiA ExpLicATA ET Ornata ; Proposals for Distinguishing and Beautifying the University of Oxford. [By Dr. Tatham, afterwards Rector of Lincoln College.] 4to. Lond, 1773. Vestiges of Oxford Castle. By Edward King. Fol. Lond. 1796*. Collectanea Curiosa ; or Miscellaneous Tracts relating to the His- tory and Antiquities of England and Ireland, the Universities, &c. Chiefly collected from the Manuscripts of Archbishop Sancroft. By John Gutch, M.A. Oxford, 1781. 2 vols. 8vo. A History op the Colleges, Halls, and Public Buildings ATTACHED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF OxFORD ; including the Lives of the Founders. By Alexander Chalmers, F.S.A. With Plates. Oxford, 1810. 2 vols. 8vo. A History of the University of Oxford, its Colleges, Halls, AND Public Buildings. London, printed for R. Ackermann, 2 vols. Royal 4to. (With coloured Plates.) 1814. Walks in Oxford ; comprising an account of the Colleges, Halls, and Public Buildings of the University, &c. &c. By W. M. Wade. With Plates. Oxford, 1821. 2 vols. 8vo. Oxoniana (collected and pubhshed by the reverend John Walker, Fellow of New College.) London, 4 vols. 12mo. (Printed in Oxford, without date.) OxoNiA Antiqua Restaurata: containing 170 Engravings from the Oxford Almanacks for 1723 to 1823, and from original drawings by F. Mackenzie. By Joseph Skelton. Oxford, 1823. 2 vols. Royal 4to. Pietas Oxoniensis; or Records of Oxford Founders : containing brief Memoirs of their Lives, &c., and illustrated by numerous En- gravings. By Joseph Skelton, F.S.A. Oxford, 1830. Royal 4to. Oxford Delineated ; or a sketch of the History and Antiquities, and a general topographical description of that celebrated University and City : illustrated by a series of Views of the Colleges, Halls, and other Public Buildings, and the most remarkable Monuments of Antiquitv, drawn and engraved by J. Whessell, [the letter-press by T. Joy.]' 4to. Oxford, 1831. Memorials of Oxford. By James Ingram, D.D., President of Trinity College, (with one hundred Engravings by John Le Keux, from draw- ings by F. Mackenzie, and upwards of two hundred woodcuts by O. Jewitt.) 3 vols. 8vo., and large paper, 4to. Oxford, 1833 — 7. Second Edition (with five additional Plates, and an account of the Taylor Institution, the University Galleries, and the Martyrs' Memorial.) 4 vols. 8vo. 1 847—48. A Hand-Book for Visitors to Oxford, with Plates and Woodcuts. 8vo. 1848. Numerous smaller Guide Books are published every year. I books relating to oxford. History and Antiquities op the Cathedral Church op Oxpord. By Willis. With engravings by J. Storer. 8vo. 1813. The History and Antiquities op the Cathedral Church of Oxpord. Illustrated by a series of engravings of views, plans, ele- vations, sections, and details of that edifice. By John Britton, F.S.A. 4to. 1820. Second Edition. 4to. 1836. Specimens of Gothic Architecture, selected from ancient buildings at Oxford, &c., drawn and etched by F. Mackenzie and A. Pugin. 4to. Lond., 1810. Views and Details of St. Giles's Church, Oxford. By James P. Harrison. Folio. Oxford, 1842. Balliofergus ; or, A Commentary upon the Affairs of Balliol College. Oxford, 1688. 4to. At page 89, Natalitia Collegii Pembrochiani Oxonii. 1624. By Henry Savage. The Annals of University College. By Wilham Smyth, Rector of Melsonby. Newcastle upon Tyne, 1728. 8vo. The Life op William op Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester, Founder of New College. By Robert Lowth, D.D. Oxford, 1777. 8vo. The Life of Henry Chichele, Archbishop of Canterbury, Founder of All Souls' College. By O. L. Spencer, Fellow of that Society, Oxford, 1783. 8vo. The Life op William op Waynflete, Bishop of Winchester, Founder of Magdalene College. By Richard Chandler, D.D. London, 1811. 8vo. Observations on the Original Architecture of Saint Mary Magdalen College, Oxford : and on the Innovations anciently or recently att-empted. [By J. C. Buckler.] 8vo. London, 1823. The Lives of William Smyth, Bishop of Lincoln, and Sir Richard Sutton, Knight, Founders of Brasenose College. By Ralph Churton, M.A., late Fellow of that College. Oxford, 1800. 8vo The Life of Cardinal Wolsey. By R. Fiddes, D.D. London, 1724. folio. The Life of Sir Thomas Pope, Founder of Trinity College. By Thomas Warton, B.D. Fellow of Trinity College. Oxford, 1780. 8v6. • There are a number of papers relating to the antiquities of Oxford, and places in Oxfordshire, in Hearne's Collectanea. *• The engravings of Oxford, and the different Colleges, &c., are so numerous, that a catalogue of them would fill a volume. OXFORDSHIRE, Beaner^) of ^ston. 1 . Adwell, St. Mary, This church consists of nave and chancel, and has no tower. The door of the nave is early N., the windows Transition from E. E. to D. They have some French painted glass, c. 1700. There is a monu- mental effigy, in chain mail with a large shield in the north Avail of the nave. c.l. 2. Aston Rowan t, St. Peter and St. Paul. Chancel, nave, with chapels on its north and south sides, and a tower at the west end. This church is mostly of D. character, but with the mullions and tracery cut out of nearly all the windows. The chancel is D., the arch plain with squints on both sides, one of them perfect, and a good example. The font is E. E., with eight detached shafts. There are several brasses in the nave and chancel, and a D. stoup remains in the south porch, w. 3. Stokenchurch, St. Peter and St. Paul. Chancel, nave, north aisle, with a very low tower at the west end. The chancel is D., lately restored ; the windows have geo- metrical tracery ; the nave also has D. windows. The lower part of the tower is of stone, with a P. doorway and win- dow; the upper part is of wood. The chancel-arch is Transition N., with a squint on the north side. There is a small chapel with debased windows, and a good wooden roof. The south doorway is E. E., with the tooth orna- ment in the dripstone ; the font P. In the chancel are B OXFORDSHIRE, two brackets and a piscina. There are two brasses of the Morly family, 1410 and 1412. c.l. 4. Baldwin Brightwell, St. Bartholomew. The east window of the chancel is of three lights, good D., the south windows of two lights, segmental outside, pointed within, on the north side is an original vestry with a D. piscina, and westward of this a mortuary chapel with very good D. glass in the windows, the chancel-arch and screen are plain D. The pillars of the nave are tall, octagonal, with D. caps; the aisles D., having some very good glass in the windows ; the east window of the south aisle has flamboyant tracery, the font is plain, octagonal, probably D. There are two good brasses and several tiles. The lower part of the west tower is plain P., the upper part modern. The south porch is plain D.; there is a good D. wheel cross on the east gable of the chancel, and the remains of a rood at the east end of the nave. ip. 5. Brightwell Salome, St. Nicholas. The chancel is D., with a modern east window. The chancel-arch small, early N., with plain imposts. The south windows of the nave are D., on the north side they are modern. There is a good N. south doorway, a small brass of a priest, 1592, and a few tiles. The roof is plain, with queen-posts, and partly spoiled by the ceiling : an old oak door remains with good N. hinges. The west window is P., and there is_^a wooden bell-cot which seems ancient, ip. 6. Chalgrove, St. Mary. A mixed church, rickman. The chancel is fine D., with a good east window of three lights, and side windows of two lights, having flowing tracery, good sedilia and piscina, D., with square tops, and a small, square, low side window on the south side ; on the north side is a very remarkable squint. The nave has three Transi- tion N. arches on each side, pointed, and with good foliated caps ; the east windows of the aisles are D., the side windows DEANERY OF ASTON. P., of three lights ; the tower and south porch are P. The font is a good specimen of Jacobean imitation of N. ; there are two good brasses, c. 1450, in the chancel, and two D. crosses on the gables, w. The font is engraved in Skelton's Antiquities of Oxfordshire. 7. Berwick Salome, . Chancel D., with a plain east window having intersecting mullions, and a trefoil piscina and locker, there is no chancel-arch. The nave is poor late P., with two-light windows and a wooden porch. There is a late chapel on the south side with an E. E. east window, and bracket under it, preserved and built in ; also a wooden tower at the west end, with a pyramidal roof. ip. 8. Chinnor, St. Andrew, A very fine church, D. throughout except the roofs. The windows have flowing tracery, that at the east end has the head cut off by a plaster ceiling ; in the chancel are three sedilia and a piscina of plain character. Some of the arches of the nave are Tran- sition N. ; the south doorway is richly moulded, and the porch has a groined vault. The tower, which is at the west end, has a saddle-back roof of low pitch, on each side of it is a chapel, forming the west end of the aisle. The font is octagonal, D. In the chancel are a series of paint- ings of the Apostles, &c., by Sir James Thornhill ; a brass to John Hotham, priest, 1361 ; one to John Cray, Esq., c. 1380 ; and a fragment of a fine floriated cross, 1330. ip. a general view of the church is given in Skelton's Oxfordshire. The three brasses are engraved inBoutell's Brasses; and an encaustic tile in the Glossary of Architecture. 9. Crowell, St. Mary. A small church of mixed styles, with a modern wooden tower. The chancel is D., and ap- pears to have been shortened at an early period. There are two sediha close to the east end, and a locker in the north- east angle. The doorways are N. ip. OXFORDSHIRE, 10. CuxHAM, Holy Bood. Apparently rebuilt of old materials at the beginning of the eighteenth century. The N. doorway is preserved and has twisted shafts, and sculp- tured capitals of the interlaced pattern ; the old door with the iron-work and nail-heads remains ; in the jambs close to the bottom are built in two sculptured stones, which seem to have formed the lid of a stone coffin. The font is plain, round, N. On the north side are two good P. square- headed windows. There is a brass of John Gregory, his two wives, &c., c. 1509; some good open seats; and a stone coffin on the south side of the chancel, ip. 11. Easington, St. Peter. A small church, with a good D. chancel, and a N. nave. The east window is of three lights with flowing tracery, the side windows single trefoil-headed lancets. There is a single D. trefoil-headed window, with old quarries in the nave ; the other windows are modern. The font is plain N., round ; the doorway N., small and plain, with wide square imposts having singular ornaments. There is a modern bell-cot at the west end, a small piece of good D. glass in the east window, and numerous tiles. Some N. hood-moulds remain on the south side. w. 12. Emmington, St. Nicholas. A small plain fourteenth century church. The tower has a saddle-back roof of good high pitch, but is of very rude work. The side windows are square-headed outside, with pointed arches within ; there is a D. stoup inside the south door. This church is singularly rustic, and there is not even a path up to the door. IP. 13. EwELME, St. Mary. A fine P. church, oblong, with aisles the whole length, and a tower at the west end ; it contains fine monuments of Thomas Chaucer, 1435, and his daughter Alice, duchess of Suffolk. The east end of the south aisle is the chapel of the hospital, and has the walls and roof painted, in imitation of the original style. DEAT^ERY OF ASTON. The font is P., with a very elaborate pyramidal wooden cover, and there are some late brasses. The hospital and school house are fine specimens of P. domestic work, there are some very rich barge-boards in the quadrangle of the hospital. These buildings are of brick. IP. Skelton gives engravings of the porch and tower, the Chaucer and Suffolk monuments, the font, the free school, and the quadrangle of the hospital. The font is also engraved in Van Voorst's series, and the Suffolk monument in Hollis's Monumental Effigies. 14. Ipstone, St. Nicholas. A small plain church with- out aisles, with a wooden bell-cot. The chancel has, at the east end, an E. E. triplet of plain lancets, early in the style ; there is a priest's door, and a small single-light win- dow, square-headed, of the same style, and an early P. win- dow of two lights. The chancel-arch is round-headed N., with plain imposts. The nave has square-headed D. win- dows, and a small N. one at the west end. if. 15. Lewknor, St. Margaret. A mixed church with a P. tower at the west end, the chancel fine D. The chancel has an east window of five fights, a good piscina, the sedifia destroyed ; there is also a sepulchral recess with canopies, a brass to John Aldeburne, priest, c. 1370, and a beautiful stone efiigy with one only of the shields remaining, a bend with crosses patee. The chancel-arch is Transition N. The nave is partly Transition N., and partly D. The south aisle, doorway, and porch are D. Eont late N., covered with interlaced work, resembling that of St. Martin's, Can- terbury. IP. The font is engraved in Skelton, and the brass in Boutell's Brasses, 16. AcKHAMPSTEAD, St. Mary. A smafi, poor P. chapel, without any features of interest, c.l. 17. Pyrton, St. Mary. A mixed church with portions OXFORDSHIRE, of N. work ; the south doorway, chancel-arch, and one win- dow being of that style. There are some D. windows, and parts of late P. work. ip. The church and manor-house are engraved in Skelton. 18. Standelf, or Standhill, . Ecclesia destructa. There are some remains of Standelf chapel near Stoke Tal- niage,now used as a barn : it belonged to the church of Pyrton. 19. Shirburn, All Saints. Has a N. tower, with later work inserted, and the upper part debased. The pillars of the nave E. E. The north aisle is carried through to the end of the chancel, c.l. Shirburn castle is in fine preservation, with its moat. It is chiefly P. but much modernized. There is a view of the castle and of the entrance hall in Skelton. 20. Stoke Talmage, St. Mary Magdalen. Chancel, nave, tower at west end, it has a low pyramidal roof; the windows are debased, c.l. 21. Thame, St. Mary. A fine cruciform church of mixed styles, much mutilated. The chancel is E. E. with a good D. east window. On the north side are four lancet win- dows, and one of three lights with foliated circles in the head, the south windows are D. with flowing tracery. The nave has D. arches on each side, but it has a P. west window inserted ; both the aisles have good D. windows. The font is E. E., round, enriched with foliage. The tower and transepts are P. There are some fine tombs and brasses of the Quatremaines, Lord Williams, and others, in this church, and some good wood- work. ip. A short distance north-west of the church of Thame are considerable remains of an ancient prebendal house of the thirteenth century, with its chapel, which has a good triplet at the east end. Thame park house is partly of the fifteenth century, with a good stair-turret : the chapel is modern Gothic. DEANERY OF ASTON. The free grammar school, near the church, was founded by Sir John Williams, knt., 1558. There is also an inter- esting and singularly formed old house in the High-street of Thame. A general view of the church, the font, and a tomb of the Quatremaines, are engraved in Skelton ; there is also a general view in Petit's Remarks on Architectural Character ; and a brass of R. Quatremains with his wife and son, c. 1460, in Boutell's Brasses. Skelton also gives views of the prebendal house, the park house, and the grammar school. 22. Tetsworth, Sf. Giles. A small plain church of mixed styles without aisles, having a wooden belfry at the w^est end. The chancel is plain E. E., the south doorway N., with some curious sculpture over it. w. A view of this church is given in the Gent's. Magazine, vol. Ixiii. p. 719, (1793), and of the south doorway in vol. Ix. p. 17. (1790.) 23. Sydenham, St. Mary. A small plain E. E. church, consisting of nave and chancel, with a central tower which is of wood. The windows are chiefly original lancets, but there are some later insertions. The chancel-arch is spoiled by modern plastering. The P. rood-loft remains, but is plastered over, the roof has D. springers, but the upper part is concealed by modern plaster. The font is plain, round, E. E. The doorways are also plain E. E., with good iron- work. On the west gable is a good small D. cross foliated. The buttresses are mostly spoiled by modern brick- work. ip. 24. Watlington, St. Leonard. A plain church of mixed styles, mostly P., with a few D. windows, and remains of the sedilia and piscina, ip. Two quarries from this church are given in Franks' Ornamental Glazing Quarries. 25. Weston, (South,) St. Laurence. Has no tower or any distinction between chancel and nave. The east win- dow is good D., the rest are all P. The font is N. There OXFORDSHIRE, is a N. doorway blocked up on the north side ; in a niche over the east window, a statue of St. Laurence still re- mains tolerably perfect, c.l. 26. Wheatfield, St. John'^ Was rebuilt about 1750, but the original P. chancel-arch is retained, c.l. 27. Warpsgrove, now Upsgrove, St. James. Ecclesia destructa. Beanety of 23tccster. [Many of the churches in this deanery are described and illustrated in the Guide to the Architectural Antiquities in the Neighbourhood of Oxford, and to this work the reader is referred for further information, as it has not been considered necessary to give such minute descriptions of those churches, as of others previously undescribed.] 28. Ambrosden, St. Mary. A mixed church with some portions of very good work. The chancel is P. ; the nave D. ; the tower E. E. ; the south aisle is rich D. work ; the font is P. ip. See Guide to Architectural Antiquities for a general view, &c., of this church, and the Glossary of Architecture, vol. ii., for a moulding of the doorway. 29. Ardley, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, and w^est tower. The chancel is good D., the east window of three lights, with flowing tracery, the side windows of two lights, some of them square-headed ; the south-west window has a low side opening under it, with the original iron-work. The chancel-arch is very small, with shafts and strings at the imposts ; there is a sepulchre arch in the north wall, of a flat ogee form, foliated, and the cusps enriched, with shields of arms at the points. The nave has been rebuilt in the last century in the worst possible taste. The tower is good D., with a saddle-back roof, and diagonal buttresses of very small projection, ip. The S.W. window of the chancel with the low side opening is engraved in the Archaeological Journal, vol. iv. DEANERY OF BICESTER. 30. Bicester, St. Edhurgh. A large church of mixed styles, with a good P. tower at the west end. The chancel has N. walls, with later windows inserted : there is an arch of early character, supposed to be Saxon. The nave has good E. E. arches on the south side, and D. on the north. In Bicester church, there is some very curious sculpture in small panels built into the south wall. ip. Several details are engraved in the Guide to Architectural Antiquities. The sculpture is given in Skelton. 31. Blechingdon, St. Giles. A very poor and late church, with a P. tower, ip. The spire turret is engraved in the Guide to Architectural Antiquities. 32. Bucknell, St. Peter. A mixed church, with a N. tower in the centre, but without transepts or aisles; the chancel is good E. E. ; the nave also E. E., but with a P. clerestory added above the lancet windows. There are two good E. E. doorways, ip. There is a view of the tower in the Architectural Guide. 33. Charlton on Otmoor, St. Mary. Of mixed styles. The chancel Transition from D. to P., it has a fine rood- loft, the pulpit good Elizabethan, date 1G16. The tower is E. E., with a P. upper story added, ip. A general view of this church, the roodloft, and other details, are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 34. Chesterton, St. Mary. A mixed church mostly D., the chancel walls are D., but the east window is P., the sedilia good D., very elegant, with detached shafts, having a square label over them, ornamented with ball -flowers. The nave has Transition N. arches on the north side, and D. on the south, and a D. clerestory. The tower is good D., with a panelled parapet, ip. The sedilia are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 35. CoTTisFORD, St. Mary. Consists of a tower and one aisle, which is divided into a nave and chancel. The stair- OXFORDSHIRE, case to the rood-loft remains. A stone coffin richly sculp- tured. A brass of male and female, kneeling, with children, eight boys and five girls. An old house called Cottisford Farm has many interest- ing remains of antiquity, skelton. 36. FiNMERE, St. Michael. A plain church, consisting of chancel, nave, and w^est tower. The chancel has a good D. east window of three hghts, with flowing tracery, and the scroll moulding for a dripstone, the side windows are also D., of two and of three lights, the chancel-arch is modern. The nave has a good D. window of three lights, and small D. clerestory windows, but no aisles. The south doorway and porch are of the same style, but very plain. The tower is also D., the lower windows of two lights, those of the belfry single hghts, it has a battlement, and no buttresses. The font is plain round, tub-shaped, w. An old farm-house in this parish is known by the name of Bacon's House. 37. Frtngford, St. Michael. A small church of mixed styles, consisting of a chancel, nave, and two side aisles, partly modern imitation, but very good. The south door- way and two of the nave-arches, are N., the porch E. E., font is curious, ip. 38. Fritwell, St. Olave. A small church of mixed styles, consisting of chancel, nave with two side aisles, and tower. The chancel-arch and both the doorways are good N., the north has the cable moulding for a dripstone, with good terminations, the south has curious sculpture in the head. The chancel side walls are E. E., the east end is of singular design. The nave and tower are E. E. The font D., octagonal, with carving in low relief, ip. The manorial house is handsome, temp. James I. The south doorway is engraved in Skelton ; the north doorway in the Glossary. DEANERY OF BICESTER. 89. GoDDiNGTON, Holy Trinity, Rebuilt 1792. The grave-stones preserved, skelton. 40. Hampton Gay, St, Giles. Rebuilt in the nineteenth century. Near the church is a good EUzabethan manor-house, w. There is a view of the manor-house in Skelton. 41. Hampton Poyle, St. Mary. A mixed church with some good portions; the east window, a fine specimen of the Transition from E. E. to D., with good geometrical tracery, has been lately restored. The nave and aisles are mostly D., one of the caps is ornamented with half-length figures. There are two good monumental effigies of a knight and lady, and a brass to John Poyle, Esq., and Elizabeth his wife, 1424. ip. The east window and a capital are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 42. Hardwick, St. Mary. Has a chancel and nave only ; it is a small D. church or chapel, the chancel win- dows have good flowing tracery, with some remains of fine painted glass ; the west window is P., and rather curious. There is no tower, ip. 43. Hethe, St. Georye and St. Edmund. A small church of mixed styles, mostly D., but very plain, w. 44. Heyford at Bridge, or Lower, or Heyford Purcell, St. Mary. A mixed church, the chancel D., the nave and aisle and tower P. There is a P. screen and some good open seats. On the north wall is a curious painting of the Commandments, with the representation of a chancel as fitted up in the time of Elizabeth, ip. 45. Heyford Warren, or Upper Heyford, St. Mary. A poor church, chancel with south aisle, nave with tower, the south side modern, the tower plain P., but lofty and well proportioned. The chancel has a P. east window. A fine monument of a priest under a D. arch. ip. An old MANOR-HOUSE near the church, and a fine old OXFORDSHIRE, barn, 120 feet long and 24 wide, built about the time of William of Wvkeham. skelton. t/ 46. IsLiP, St. Nicholas. Chancel, nave with side aisle. Of mixed styles. The nave has Transition N. arches with low and massive pillars. The aisles are D., the chancel imita- tion Gothic, built by Dr. South in 1660. There are curious mural paintings both in the aisles and in the chancel, ip. A general view, and numerous details are given in the Architectural Guide, and a view of a chapel which formerly existed here, in the Gent's. Magazine, vol. Ivi. (1788.) p. 1149. 47. KiRTLiNGTON, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with two side aisles, the lower compartment of the tower only re- mains. A plain church of mixed styles, very much muti- lated and spoiled in all ways. The walls of the chancel and tower-arches are N., the tower itself destroyed. The nave has E. E. arches with a P. clerestory. The east window has good tracery, with painted glass from the chapel of Wickham, near Banbury, ip. The piscina is engraved in the Architectural Guide. 48. LiLLiNGSTON LovELL, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with aisles, and west tower. The chancel has been shortened, the east wall being modern and supported by unsightly brick buttresses. The chancel-arch is pointed and well proportioned. The nave is D., and has three pointed arches on each side, on octagonal pillars with moulded capitals. At the east end of the north aisle is a chantry chapel, with a double piscina, and a sedilia, over which is a trefoil-headed window. At the east end of the south aisle is a similar piscina and sedile. The south doorway is E. E. with shafts, the porch has the date of 1639, and has a curious circular sun-dial upon it ; the church appears to have been extensively repaired about that time. The tower is E. E., with a gabled roof. There are three brasses, a former rector 1446, two hands issuing from clouds and DEANERY OF BICESTER. supporting a heart with the sacred monogram ; Sir Thomas Dayrell, his wife and children, 1460 ; William Rysley, and his wife, 1513; and several handsome modern tombs to the family of Wentworth, Creswell, and also to Francis Drake, Esq., 1788, with his funeral achievements still hanging up in the chancel. The chalice is of the time of Elizabeth, the rest of the plate and the font are modern. In this parish there are ancient quarries of limestone of which the church is built, w.l. 49. Launton, St. Mary. A small plain church of mixed styles, chancel P., with two sedilia and a piscina. The nave has Transition N. arches and P. clerestory, roof and aisles. The tower is E. E. if. 50. Merton, St. SwitUn. A good D. church with some P. windows inserted. In the chancel are fine sedilia and a piscina. The nave has D. arches, P. clerestory and roof. The tower at the west end is D., with a good panelled parapet, if. Eastward of the chuixh is the old manor-house, now used as a farm-house. The sedilia and piscina are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 51. MiDDLETON Stoney, All Saints. Chancel, nave with two side aisles, and tower. A mixed church, with a good E. E. tower at the west end, the chancel is D., the chancel-arch and the arches on the north side of the nave are Transition N., those on the south side are D. The doorways are Transition N. ip. Near the east end of the church are the interesting traces of an ancient castle, supposed to have been built by Richard Camvil in the reign of King Stephen, on the site of a Saxon military work. There is an engraving of this church in Skelton's Oxfordshire, and a view of the tower and south doorway in the Architectural Guide. 52. MiXBURY, All Saints. A good D. church, consisting of chancel, nave with a north aisle, and west tower. The OXFORDSHIRE, chancel has a fine east window of three hghts, with geo- metrical tracery, and side windows of two lights, with a small plain doorway: the chancel-arch is modern in the Norman style, and the roof modern with a bad gable cross. The nave has on the south side two D. windows of two lights, the tracery of one geometrical, of the other flowing. The south doorway is good N., the arch enriched with zig- zags and with shafts set rather far back, with cushion J capitals, and curious Runic crosses on the impost stones of the arch, within the capitals : the porch is modern. On the north side the nave has three D. arches on octa- gonal pillars with moulded capitals : the clerestory win- dows are small D., of two lights, with trefoil heads, sepa- rate externally but united within in a square opening: The aisle has good D. windows with flowing tracery, the east window of three lights, the side windows of two. The font is plain, octagonal, cup-shaped, with a round stem on two square steps. The tower is good D., with two diago- nal buttresses on the west side, a western doorway with the mouldings continuous to the ground, except the drip- stone, which is terminated by heads ; the belfry windows of two lights with flowing tracery : it has a battlement and gurgoyles. ip. Some bold remains of a moated fortification called Beau- mont exist on the north side of the church, skelton. 53. Newton Purcell, St. Michael. The whole build- ing repaired in 1813. The N. doorway preserved, skelton. The north doorway is given in Skelton. 54. Shelswell, St. Ehha. Ecclesia destructa. 55. Oddington, St. Andrew. A small plain D. church, with a good tower. In the chancel an elegant D. piscina, a small brass of a skeleton in a shroud, for Ralph Ham- sterley, a fellow of Merton college, Oxford, A.D. 1507. ip. There is an engraving of the tower in the Architectural Guide. DEANERY OF BICESTER. 56. PiDDiNGTON, St. Nicholas. Chancel very good early D., east window of three lights, foliated ; the interior has jamb shafts with moulded caps and bases very ele- gant, two of the side windows are of the same character. There are two very rich sedilia, D. with detached shafts, cusps foHated, with the ball-flower and stalk in the hollow. The remains of a third canopy of a similar character is visible over the door, the crockets and finials of which are very rich. On the north side is a small niche of the same D. character, very elegant, with figures of angels in the hollows, which has probably served for the Easter sepulchre. The north side of the nave has P. inser- tions in earlier walls. On the south side are four plain- pointed pillars, with octagonal moulded caps. The font plain, octagonal, cup-shaped, on a slender stem. Tower late and poor P. A good D. cross on the east gable, w. Engravings of a D. niche and window are given in Rickman. 57. SoMERTON, St. James. Chancel, nave with aisles, and tower. The chancel D., with a late P. east window, under it a singular reredos of D. work, representing the Lord's Supper, there are three good sedilia and a square locker, also a good low side window with a seat under it. The chancel- arch is Transition N. There is a P. chantry chapel of the Fermor family on the south side of the chancel, and a good P. rood-screen between the chancel and nave. There are four Transition N. arches on the north side of the nave, and two but with different mouldings on the south side. The font is D., with canopies : the clerestory and roof are plain P. The north doorway and porch D. The west tower D. On the north side is a sculptured holy rood nearly perfect. A good brass temp. Henry VIII. remains in the Fermor chantry, ip. The reredos is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture, and the low side window in the Archaeological Journal, vol. iv. 58. SouLDERN, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with south OXFORDSHIRE, aisle, and tower. The chancel is modern. The aisle Avindows are good early D. The nave has a clerestory and retains some ancient carved seats. The tower is early N. having walls of great thickness, j.c.s. A cornice from this church is engraved in Rickman, p. 163. 59. Stoke Lyne, St. Feter. Chancel, nave, and tower. A small church of mixed styles, chiefly D., the chancel has three small early N. windows, and a N. doorway, and rood- arch. The tower is D., and stands in the middle on the south side. The south door is good N., with a niche over it. IP. 60. Stratton Audley, Si. Mary. Of mixed styles, the chancel P., the nave and north aisle early D., the tower P. There is a good sanctus bell-turret, ip. 61. TusMORE, . Chapelry to Hardwick parish, the church is destroyed. 62. Wendlebury, St. Giles. Rebuilt all but the tower in 1762. IP. 63. Weston-on-the-green, /S'/f. J/<5!rj/. Rebuilt in 1743, except the tower, the lower part of which is N., the upper part D. Near the church is a Jacobean manor-house, h.j. iieanerg of Cftippmg iSorton. 64. Ascott-under-Wychwood, Holy Trinity. Chancel, nave, aisles, west tower. Chancel walls N., east window D., of three lights, with flowing tracery. On the north side two small N. windows, one has a trefoil-headed light, but the splay is N. On the south side a P. piscina and sedilia, side windows P., the door is of the square-headed trefoil form, of oak, and has E. E. iron-work. Chancel-arch early D. rude work. The nave on the north side has three N. arches ; on the south side a D. chapel ; clerestory and roof late poor P. ; a sanctus bell-cot on the east gable. The north DEANERY OF CHIPPING NORTON. aisle is P., plain, with square-headed windows and a moulded doorway. Tower Transition N., with a P. belfry added, the windows are N., but the upper ones have P. labels. Font, P. A curious square-headed D. window on the south side of the nave ; there are some good poppies of the fleur-de-lis form, with bench ends elbow-shaped, jp. 65. Charlbury, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, with two side aisles, and west tower. The tower of this church is very lofty and fine, the lower part E. E., with the addition of a P. belfry and battlement, the west door is also a P. in- sertion. The east window of the chancel is very singular, D. of five lights, the roof is also D., of good open timber-work. The south aisle is very wide, the east window curious D., with the ball-flower in the tracery, the side windows late P., the arches between chancel and aisles plain E. E., with octa- gonal caps. The north transept has very rich E. E. arches, a singular D. north window with a quatrefoil in the head, and a good P. roof. The nave has three N. arches on the north side, three E. E. arches on the south side, and a poor P. roof. The tower-arch is fine and lofty E. E., blocked up. ip. Cornbury park and chapel, which is much enriched with carvings, is in this parish. Also the ruins of Clattercott priory. Qi^. Chadlington, St. Mary. A poor church, consist- ing of chancel, nave, aisles, and west tower. The chancel has been lately rebuilt in the D. style. The nave has four E. E. arches on each side, on round pillars with moulded capitals : the south doorway is good E. E., round-headed, well moulded, with detached shafts : the windows of the south aisle are E. E., of two Ughts, except the east window, which is fine P. ; the north aisle has also P. windows. The tower is tall and narrow, with D. windows built in, but the constniction is later, if. 67. Shorthampton, All Saints. Consists of chancel and D nave, with a bell-cot over the chancel-arch. The chancel was rebuilt about 1820, and has a modern east window, but a P. window is preserved on the south side. The chancel-arch is small plain E. E. ; there is a large squint on the south side of it, blocked up within these few years. The nave is considerably wider than the chancel, and this squint would enable a large part of the congregation to see and hear the priest at the altar : the north wall of the nave is N., and has a small original window : the south doorway and windows are P. The font is plain round, tub-shaped, probably N. ip. 68. Chastleton, Si. Mary. Chancel, nave, north chapel, and south aisle, with tower at the west end of it. The chancel has D. windows of two lights ; the chancel- arch is E. E., with half-octagon responds, having moulded capitals and good chamfered terminations. The north chapel is late poor P. ; the nave has four arches on the south side, two E. E. and two Transition N. The tower was rebuilt in 1689. The font is plain, round, cup-shaped, D. There are some carved P. bench-ends, two brasses, and a number of very good tiles of uncommon patterns, partly heraldic, ip. Chastleton Hall, north-east of the church, is a fine mansion temp. James 1., in very good preservation. The church and manor-house are engraved in Skelton. 69. Chipping Norton, 8t. Mary. A large and fine church of mixed styles, with a modern tower at the west end. The chancel is D. The south aisle also good D., with a very fine east window and a rich doorway with a curious hexagonal P. porch. The nave is late but good P., with very large clerestory windows, and panelling under them, the pillars are panelled, and continued from the roof to the ground. The window over the chancel-arch is a remark- i DEANERY OF CHIPPING NORTON. ably fine specimen of P. work, with an inner plane of orna- mental tracery. On the north side of the chancel is the original vestry, and a curious squint of open panelling, and a room over it. In the vestry is the original stone altar and piscina, ip. The Town Hall is a small neat building of the fifteenth century, with a good doorway and chimney, and near it is a rich doorway of the thirteenth century with good mouldings, and the tooth ornament, w. Engravings of the church and the south doorway are given in Skelton, and a moulding of the doorway in the Glossary. 70. OvERNORTON, . Ecclcsia destructa. 71. Churchill, All Saints. Rebuilt 1824. A view of the old church is given in Skelton. 72. Corn WELL, . A small church, partly re- built in 1830, with a modern bell-cot; but the chancel- arch is Transition N., pointed, with good corbels having scalloped capitals: the doorway is also plain N.: the win- dows are late P., and mostly square-headed. The font is good N., round, tub-shaped, and panelled, on a square plinth, with heads at the angles as foot ornaments, ip. 73. Enstone, JSL Kenelm. A church of mixed styles with P. tower at the west end. The nave has Transition N. arches on the south side, and P. on the north, the ai-les are P. At the east end of the south aisle a plain stone altar remains with its reredos. The north doorway is fine N., with bold mouldings, ip. There is an engraving of the altar in the Glossary. 74. FiFiELD, St. John Baptist. Chancel, nave, west tower and spire. Chancel E. E., with lancet windows on the north side, and two-light windows on the south, the east window D., of three lights with flowing tracery. The chancel-arch low and massive, early in the style ; the nave OXFORDSHIRE, rebuilt 1840, but two D. windows preserved; the south porch E. E., with a stone roof and arch-rib. The font P., tower and spire E. E. The tower very small, octagonal from the ground. The porch has a good bunch of foliage as a finial. The nave has an E. E. bell-cot on the east gable, with the sanctus-bell remaining, ip. 75. m^xino^v-E,, St. Nicholas. A small church without aisles, mostly rebuilt, and has a modern bell-cot, but the old materials were preserved, and some parts were not dis- turbed. There is a fine N. doorway, which has not been moved, and in the wall above it is a string of the billet ornament under the cornice. The chancel-arch is also N., and there are some good panels of N. sculpture built into the south wall. The chancel has P. windows, a good E. E. piscina^ and a small niche for the sepulchre near the ground on the north side of the altar. A good brass on a panelled tomb, date 1521. Some remains of P. painted glass, ip. 76. HooKNORTON, St. Peter. A large church of mixed styles, chancel, nave with two aisles and north semi- tran- sept, with a P. tower at the west end. The walls of the chancel are N., with later windows inserted. There is a very perfect rood-loft with the wooden groining perfect on both sides, and the staircase with both its doors. The font is N., round, with figures carved upon it. Near the church is a small old timber house, with a good P. fire-place and chimney, ip. The font is engraved in Skelton. 77. Idbury, St. Nicholas. Chancel, nave, north aisle, west tower. Chancel E. E., or Transition to D. East window of three lights with trefoil heads under a common dripstone, which is D. ; side windows single-lights with trefoil heads. North aisle very wide, has a fine D. east window, a rich DEANERY OF CHIPPING NORTON. N. doorway with a variety of ornament, two very good P. windows, square, with transom and quatrefoils in the head, jind one D. single-light window. A good P. bell-cot on the east gable of the nave. Tower at the west end of the north aisle, P., with a D. three-light window preserved. West window of nave P., three-light, south side of nave good P., with upper range of windows ; a plain P. south porch, ip. 78. KiNGHAM, St. Jndretv. Chancel, nave, north aisle, west tower. Chancel has D. east window, P. side win- dows; nave has P. square-headed wdndows, and a single-light trefoil-headed low side window, near the east end on the south side. The tower P., with a D. west window built in, it has a square stair-turret on the south side, a bold battlement and comer pinnacles. North aisle good D., the side win- dows of two lights, and some of three lights with flowing tracery. On the outside of the chancel, on the north side, is a D. tomb under a canopy, attached to, but not inserted in, the wall of the chancel ; a stone coffin has remains of a cross floree on the slab, the canopy, a low pyramid with open foliation hanging from it. w. 79. Leafield, SL Michael. Modern, 1820. w. 80. RoLLRiGHT, (Great,) 8t, Andrew. A small church of mixed styles ; chancel, nave, and south aisle, with a P. tower at the west end, and a D. aisle on the south side. The north wall is N., with later insertions ; in the south wall are some very rich D. windows. The south doorway is good rich N., there is a very good rood-loft and screen, and a portion of the rood itself. The chancel is P. The south porch and aisle good D. work, with a rich cornice. Near the south porch are the remains of the cross, ip. In this parish are the celebrated Druidical stones. The south door, and a view of the Druidical stones, are given in Skelton ; and in Beesley's History of Banbury, a view and details of the stones. 81. RoLLRiGHT, (Little,) St. Philip. Is a small plain OXFORDSHIRE, P. church, with a tower. The chancel windows have good dripstone terminations. The tower, built by William Brewer, Esq., 1617, is entirely covered with ivy. ip. 82. Salford, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, and west tower. The walls are N., with windows of various periods inserted : a small N. window remains on the north side of the chancel, and the doorways, north and south, are good N., with sculp- ture in the tympanum, a cross in a circle with an animal on each side of it ; over the south doorway is an E. E. porch, with a stone roof carried on an arch, the entrance doorway has a trefoil head. There is an E. E. low side window near the chancel-arch, which is small plain N. The tower is late D., with a good square stair- turret. There is the bast of a cross in the churchyard, and another of a way-side cross in the parish, bp. 83. Sarsden, . Modern. Some ancient remains of the old mansion. There is a view of the old church in Skelton. 84. Shipton under Wychwood, St. Mary. A large and fine church of mixed styles, consisting of chancel, nave, aisles, west tower, and spire. Chancel P., with good side windows of two lights, the east window Jacobean, curious but ugly; a chapel on each side of the chancel. Chancel-arch E. E., well moulded, with triple shafts having good caps and foliage. Nave of three bays, arches wide, E. E., plain, on round pillars with moulded caps and bases late in the style. The north aisle has good three-light windows Tran- sition from D. to P., with arches across the aisle to E. E. vaulting shafts, and E. E. string under the windows. In north wall are D. recesses for tombs. South aisle P., with square-headed windows. The font is good P., octagon, panelled. The tower stands on E. E. arches, has a fine E. E. west doorway, richly moulded, and a P. window DEANERY OF CHIPPING NORTON. inserted : the upper part of the tower and spire are fine E. E., with pinnacles at the angles. The north doorway is P. moulded, the door has good iron-work: the north porch is good P., with a groined vault springing from heads, and a room over it with good P. niches in front, which retain their figures. The clerestory is late P., roof modern : pulpit P., stone panelled. A vestry on the north side of the chancel originally E. E., but altered. There are considerable remains of P. building adjoin- ing the churchyard, said to have been a monastery, ip. A view of the church, and of " Shipton Court," are engraved in Skelton. 85. Spilsbury, All Saints. A small cruciform church with a large N. tower, the upper stoiy of which has been rebuilt] with the N. windows preserved. The west door- way and window are D., with E. E. arches on each side to the aisles, but this part of the church is now destroyed. The nave-arches, two on each side, plain E. E., with circular pillars and moulded caps. ip. 86. SwERFORD, St. Mary, A small D. church, with a tower and broach spire at the west end. The tower occu- pies only half the width of the nave, and there is a second arch by the side of the chancel-arch, opening into a vestry with a lean-to roof. The south doorway and porch are good D. Near the church are the remains of a castle, the mound and moat of which alone remain, ip. OXFORDSHIRE, Beanerg of CubUesUon. [The greater paxt of the churches in this deanery are described and illus- ti-ated in the Guide to the Ecclesiastical Antiquities in the Neighbourhood of Oxford.] 87. Albury, St. Helen. Rebuilt in a Gothic style under the direction of Mr. Rickman. The N. font has been pre- served. IP. Views of the old church and font are given in the Architectural Guide. 88. Baldon, (Toot,) St. Laurence. A small E. E. church with aisles to nave, and a bell -gable for two bells at the west end. The chancel has lancet windows on the sides, but the east window is modern and very bad. The nave- arches are E. E., on massive piers, and early in the style. IP. A view of the church, and other details, are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 89. Beckley, St. Mary. A small church of mixed styles. The chancel is good D., with its original open timber-roof of the canted form, and quite plain, but with the wall-plate well moulded. The nave is late P., the north aisle is also P., but earlier in the style. The south aisle is partly D. There is a small stone desk attached to the pillar by the side of the font. Some good painted glass. Studley priory in this parish is an Elizabethan house, with a chapel of the same style forming one wing. ip. The font and stone desk, the nave roof, and other details, are engraved in the Guide to Architectural Antiquities ; and some mural paintings in the Archseological Journal, vol. iv. p. 256. Views of Studley priory are also given in the Guide, and in Skelton's Oxfordshire. 90. Bensington, St. Helen. Is a small church with a D. east window, and some traces of both earlier and later work. The tower is modern, rickman. There is a view of the chancel in the Architectural Guide. 91. Chiselhampton, St. Mary. Modern. DEANERY OF CUDDESDON. 92. Clifton Hampden, St. Micliael. A small church of mixed styles in a very picturesque situation. The nave has Transition N. arches on the north side, and D. on the south. The chancel is D. The roof and bell-turret at the west end are modern restoration and very good. The fit- tings up are also very rich and good, in the old style, and no expense spared. In the chancel, in the place of the Easter sepulchre, a fine altar-tomb in the D. style has been intro- duced. IP. Views of the church, &c., are given in the Guide and in Skelton. 93. Cowley, St, James. A small church of mixed styles, without aisles, a very low P. tower at the west end. Chancel E. E., with a good east end having three lancet windows and an original cross ; the side windows are E. E. single hghts, with square tops. The doors are plain N. Some of the seats are open, with poppies, and the date 1632. IP. The south-east view of the church, the tower, and other details, are en- graved in the Architectural Guide. 94. CuDDESDON, All Saints. A fine cruciform church of mixed styles. The tower-arches and the doorways are rich Transition N., the nave-arches are E. E., the aisles are mixed, the chancel P., rather late, with arches sunk in the side walls. The upper part of the tower is late. ip. The chapel attached to the episcopal palace erected by Bishop Wilberforce in 1846, is a very good imitation of D. work. The windows are all filled with painted glass, by the best artists of the day. ip. There is a general view of this church, with numerous details, in the Archi- tectural Guide. 95. CuLHAM, St. Paul. A small plain cruciform church of mixed styles, with a P. tower at the west end. The nave arches on the south side are E. E., with the mouldings con- tinuous without caps or imposts, ip. £ ' OXFORDSHIRE, 96. Dorchester, St. Feter and Si. Paid. This is a large and very curious edifice, with portions of various dates mixed with each other. The plan is irregular, the south aisle being very large, and part of it having once had a row of piers not now existing. There are portions of all the styles, and of transitions from one style to another. At the west end of the north aisle is a curious N. doorway of singular shape, and in the same aisle, under a window, is another door of early D. date, with various singular mould- ings and combinations. Some of the buttresses of the east end have singular mixtures of style, but the principal fea- tures are the chancel windows and some stalls. There are three windows, north, south, and east ; the wall and archi- trave mouldings of which, are clearly of D. date, if not earlier, being filled with the ball ornament in the hollows. The north window is of four lights, the mullions crossed by waving lines, on which are leaves, and the whole forming a genealogical tree springing from a figure recumbent under the centre muUion, and having statues up the mullions. The tracery of the head of the window is not very elabo- rate, but a tree springs above the centre mullion into the compartment in the centre of the head. The east window is divided into two portions of three lights each, by a large plain buttress; more than two-thirds of the lights, besides the heads, are filled with a description of tracery which must be considered a transition from D. to P. ; but this tracery has also small statues, and small crocketed pinnacles in- termixed. The south window is of four lights, of decidedly P. character, and with a transom, on which, at the base of the upper mullions, are statues, and the head is filled with good plain P. tracery. These windows, if not unique, are very curious, and the stalls under the south window are no less so ; there are three stalls rising eastward, and a water- drain which is rather wider than a stall, but the canopy of DEANERY OF CUDDESDON. which ranges with that of the stalls. These canopies are very rich, and are divided by buttresses, on which have been pinnacles now destroyed. Under the canopy of each stall, in the back wall, is a small window, with very, beauti- ful mouldings and remains of fine stained glass ; the shape of this window may be called a waved triangle, and these windows on the outside have a series of plain arches over them. The whole of these stalls and windows are clearly of D. character, and the chancel altogether presents a most curious piece of composition. There are some good ancient monuments, and there have been some fine brasses, but they are now gone. There are some other cupboards and drains worth examining, and the font is very curious; its upper part is of lead, with N. arches and figures : it is set on a P. stone base, finished with a battle Qient, the workmanship of which is not very good. There is also a wooden porch which appears to be of P. date. This church must be visited and studied to be pro- perly appreciated, as it is hardly possible to describe its singularities, rickman. The eastern bay of the chancel has been carefiilly re- stored under the direction of the Oxford Architectural Society. There are general views of this church in Skelton, and very numerous de- tails are engraved in Addington's History of Dorchester Abbey Church. 97. Drayton, St, Leonard. A small plain church of mixed styles, with a wooden tower at the west end. The nave is N., the chancel chiefly D. ip. 98. Elsiield, 8t, Thomas a Becket. A small church of mixed styles, prettily situated upon a hill. The west end is good E. E., with a modern bell-turret. The chancel is E. E., with a D. east window. The church was partly re- OXFORDSHIRE, built, and the roof carefully restored on the old model, in 1849. IP. A general view from the south-west, and yaxious details, are given in the Architectural Guide. 99. Forest Hill, St. Nicholas. A small Transition N. church, without aisles. It has a remarkable bell- turret for two bells at the west end, supported by buttresses of enor- mous projection. The outer doorway of the porch is good Transition N. The east window of three lancets is modern but good. IP. Views of this church are given in Skelton and the Architectural Guide, in the latter are several details. 100. Garsington, 8t, Mary. A mixed church, with aisles to nave, and tower at the west end. The chancel is D., the nave has transition N. arches with D. clere- story windows, circular and fohated. The tower is Tran- sition N. The roofs and fittings have been very well re- stored in 1848-49, and the chancel at the expense of the Rector, the Rev. J. Ingram, D.D., President of Trinity College. The original altar stone, with its five crosses perfect, was found and restored to its place, ip. Two general views, a monumental brass of the Radley family, 1584, and numerous details, are engraved in the Architectural Guide. A view of the cross, and of an old house in this village, forms the frontispiece to vol. Ixxxvii. pt. 2, (1817) of the Gentleman's Magazine. 101. Haseley, St. Peter. A fine large church of mixed styles, the chancel very good early D., with a fine east window, with geometrical tracery, restored in 1843 with great care ; the side windows are remarkably light and elegant, with geometrical tracery; there are fine sedilia and piscina and a sepulchral recess joining on to them, the canopies ornamented with engrailed work, instead of crockets. The nave-arches are E. E., square in section, and early in the style. The south aisle is D., with three sepulclu'al recesses in the south wall. The tower is chiefly DEANERY OF CUDDESDON. P., but the west doorway under it is fine E. E. The south doorway is also good E. E., with the tooth ornament. The clerestory and roof of the nave are late P., the roof of the chancel is modern, ip. There are numerous engravings of details of this church in Mr. Weare's Memoir of it. 102. Rycote Chapel, St. Michael and all Angels, Founded 1449, by Richard Quatremain, and Sibylla Engle- field his wife. It is a good P. building, with a tower at the west end, and two greyhounds in place of pinnacles at the east angles. The whole is in a very genuine state, with the panelled ceiling, most of the seats are original, open, but two large square family pews with canopies have been introduced. The font is octagon, panelled, with the original wooden cover. There are some small remains of the fine Elizabethan mansion of the Earl of Abingdon, ip. There is an engraving of this chapel in Mr. Weare's Memoir of Haseley. 103. Headington, Bt. Andrew, A mixed church with a good tower at the west end of the south aisle. The chancel- arch is rich N., and the side walls of the same period, with P. windows inserted on the south side. The east window is modern and veiy bad. The nave and south aisle are E. E. The tower is partly E. E. and the upper part P. The churchyard cross is good P., and unusually perfect. A general view of the church, the chancel-arch, the churchyard cross, and numerous details, are engraved in the Architectural Guide. A view of the cross forms the frontispiece to vol. Ixxxvi. pt. 1, (1816,) of the Gent's. Mag. A quarry is also given in Franks' Ornamental Glazing Quarries. 104. HoLTON, St. Bartholomew. A small cruciform church without aisles, the tower at the west end. The walls of the nave, and the arches of the transepts and the doorway, are Transition N. The chancel is D., the tower P. OXFORDSHIRE, On the east gable of the nave is an elegant sanctus bell- turret. IP. There is a view of the church, and of the north doorway, in the Architec- tural Guide. 105. Horsepath, St. Giles. A small plain church of mixed styles, with a low P. tower at the west end. The chancel is modern. The nave has three Transition N. arches on the south side. The south doorway is also Transition N., by the side of it within is a curious stoup. There are two small curious figures of musicians attached to the west wall. ip. The font, the stoup, and several details, are given in the Architectural Guide. 106. Marsh Baldon, St. Feter. A small plain church, with a D. tower at the west end, the lower part square, the upper part octagonal. In the chancel is a fine P. piscina. The north aisle is modern, with wooden piers and arches. The porch is of wood, of early character, if. The porch is engraved in the Architectural Guide. 107. Marston, St. Nicholas. A plain church of mixed styles. The nave has Transition N. arches, the clerestory and aisles late P., the chancel and tower also late P. hp. The nave-arches, and other details, are given in the Guide. There is a general view of the church in the Gent's, Mag. vol. Ixix. pt. 2, (1799,) and of the village cross, (destroyed in 1830,) in vol. Ixxxvi. pt. 1, (1816,) also a quarry, in Franks' Ornamental Glazing Quarries. 108. Milton, (Great,) St. Mary. A fine D. church with a tower at the west end, the nave has D. arches and clerestory, the aisles are wide, with very rich D. windows and buttresses. The south porch is groined, with a room over it, and a staircase turret, this and the whole of the south aisle are particularly good ; the north doorway is E. E., very richly moulded, ip. Ascot, a chapel in Great Milton parish, now destroyed. At Little Milton a new church has been built in 1848, DEANERY OF CUDDESDON. in the early D. style, under the direction of Mr. Hay ward of Exeter. There is a general view, the north doorway, several windows and details, in the Architectural Guide : and a fine coffin-slab of the thirteenth century, in Cutts' Monumental Slabs, &c. 109. Nettlebed, St. Bartholomew, This church con- sists of chancel, nave, south aisle, and tower at the west end of the aisle. It was rebuilt in 1844, under the direc- tion of Mr. Hakewell, of brick, with stone dressings, in the D. style. IP. 110. PiSHiLL, . A small plain church. The walls are N., the east window is of two lights, of Transition character, there is a piscina of the same period, and a low side window on the south side. The chancel-arch is plain and small, round-headed N. The Stonor aisle or chapel was originally Transition N. work, but has been much modernized. There is a stone bench-table along the walls of the nave, the doorwav is of wood, w^ith a descent of five steps into the church, w. A short distance from the church are the remains of a chapel, now used as a barn. Part of the elegant door- way remains. In this parish is the fine Elizabethan man- sion of Stonor. skelton. 111. Newington, St, Mary. A D. church, with a tower and spire at the west end, plan oblong, without aisles. Some small portions of N. work are preserved, especially a good N. doorway, w. The Architectural Guide has a general view of the church, and other de- tails, there is also a general view in the Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixvi. pt. 2, (1796.) 112. Brightwell Prior, . A small church, without either tower or bell-cot. The east window of the chancel is modern, the side windows E. E., with a small plain piscina. The chancel-arch has good N. jambs, but the arch is modern and pointed. The nave has two OXFORDSHIRE, small N. windows, a good N. south doorway, and door with the original hinges. Of the other windows two are good P., and two are modern. The font octagonal, cup- shaped. The bell hangs under the west gable, ip. 113. NuNEHAM CouRTENAY, All Saiuts. Rebuilt in 1764. Some fragments of the old church are preserved in Bal- don Park, and are E. E. work. ip. The fragmeDts of the old church are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 114. NoKE, SL Giles. A small poor church of mixed styles, with a plain E. E. porch, and a small square bell- turret on the west gable, ip. There is a general view in the Architectural Guide. 115. Sandford, St, Mary. A small plain N. church, with later windows inserted, and a tower added at the west end, in imitation of N. work. There is in the chancel a rich piece of sculpture of the fifteenth century, represent- ing the assumption of the Virgin. Near the church are some very slight remains of the priory of the Knights Templars. In this parish also are the remains of the mynchery, near Littlemore, the existing buildings are of the P. style and late, although the nunnery was founded in the Saxon times, ip. The sculpture, and a N. window, are engraved in the Architectural Guide. The sculpture is also given in Skelton. A view of the mjnchery, with a few details, is given in the Architectural Guide. 116. Stadhampton, St, John Baptist. A debased church, with the exception of the north aisle, which is P. The tower is modern. In the north aisle is a brass to John Wilmot, and his wife, 1508. j.b. 117. Stanton St. John, St. John Baptist. A D. church, with a P. tower at the west end ; the chancel is very beautiful work, early in the style, the east window of very singular character, the tracery formed of straight I DEANERY OF CUDDESDON. lines, crossing each other, forming diamond-shaped open- ings, which are foHated, and the whole richly moulded, the side windows are single lights, with trefoil heads. The nave has Transition N. arches on the north side, D. on the south. The clerestory windows are good D. In the chan- cel windows are remains of good painted glass. The north aisle is P., much wider than the south. There are some good open seats with very singular poppy -heads, ip. A general view of the church, with very numerous details, are given in the Guide. Also of the church and old rectory house, in Skelton. 118. Warborough, St. Laurence. A poor church, with a modern tower at the west end, 1666. The chancel walls are E. E., with later windows inserted, there is no chancel- arch. The font is of lead, of N. work, on a P. stone pedestal, ip. The font is engraved in the Architectural Guide, in Van Voorst's Fonts, and in Skelton. Also a quarry in Franks' Ornamental Quarries. 119. Waterstock, St. Leonard. Rebuilt in 1792, all but the north aisle and tower, which are P. ip. 120. Waterpery, St. Mary. A mixed church. The chancel E. E., with a D. east window. The nave has Transition N. arches, opening to a P. aisle on the south side. On the north side are two good E. E. windows of three lights, with foliated circles in the head. There is a curious palimpsest brass of 1527. In the south aisle is a good canopied monument, with a cross-legged figure of a knight, c. 1350. In the churchyard a good D. cross, nearly perfect, ip. The churchyard cross, the palimpsest brass, and other details, are in the Architectural Guide. 121. Wheatley, St. Mary. Modern. 122. Wood Eaton, Holy Rood. A mixed church, the walls E.E.,with various insertions of later date, the tower is P., introduced within the west end of the nave, its outer F OXFORDSHIRE, wall built upon the E. E. west end wall, the other three walls resting on P. arches. The sedilia are two plain stone seats without canopies, the eastern one having a sort of elbow to it. IP. There are engravings of the church and the sedilia in the Architectural Guide. 123. Iffley, SL Mary. Has been so often described, and is now so well figured, that less may be said of it. It has small portions of all the styles, but it is principally a N. church, with an E. E. addition to the chancel, and a low N. tower between the nave and chancel. The two later styles have only inserted windows. The N. portion is remarkably well executed, and furnishes three very fine doorways, [two rich tower arches,] and a handsome west end. The E. E. portion presents a remarkably elegant specimen of the style, this portion, and the N. chancel, are both groined. The font is very large and lined with lead ; it has a square top supported on a centre thick shaft, and four thinner ones round it. rickman. The engravings of this church, both of general views and of details, are so numerous, that it is not possible to enumerate them here. The best are in Britton's Architectural Antiquities, and in the Archaeological Journal, vol. iv. Beanerg of Belilrington. 124. Adderbury, St. Mary. Has a tower and spire. The building is of various dates, and has considerable specimens of early sculpture, rickman. The tower and spire are D., and the nave has a fine timber roof and clere- story of the same period. The chancel is P., and has been restored. On the north side of the chancel is an original vestry, with a room over it, having an oriel window, this building is called " The Monument House ;" probably a DEANERY OP DEDDINGTON. corruption of muniment. There are D. stone porches and doorways on both sides of the nave. There is a fine brass of two figures, a knight and lady, about 1460, in good preservation, ip. There is a view of the church and parsonage in Skelton ; another view of the church in the Gent's. Magazine, vol. Ixx. part 1. (1800) ; and a moulding of a doorway in the Qlossary of Architecture. 125. Milton, St John, A chapel to Adderbmy, now destroyed. 126. BoDDicoTE, St, John Baptist, A chapelry to Adderbiu*y. A small plain church, mostly D., with a tower on the north side. The rood-loft remains perfect, ep. 127. Barford, (Little,) St. John. A small church, with a tower at the south-west corner, open to the church. The windows of the nave are D., the east window is square- headed. There is a plain N. doorway with the zigzag moulding. The font early N. j.c.s. 128. Alkerton, St, Michael, The chancel was rebuilt late in the sixteenth century. The arches of the nave are Transition N., clerestory P. ; the windows chiefly E. E. with D. insertions. The south porch and doorway are also E. E., and have the original stoup in the north-east angle. The tower is between the nave and chancel, the lower part ,E. E., and the upper D. The cornice of the parapet is elaborately sculptured with animals and figures with mu- sical instruments. J.M.D. 129. Banbury, St, Mary. Rebuilt in 1793. The old church, of which some fragments have been preserved, was wantonly destroyed, the walls were so firm as to be obliged to be removed by gunpowder. In Banbury there are several good old houses, with barge- boards and pargetting, one has the date 1570, another 1624 and 1637, and another 1648 ; they are all good specimens of the domestic architecture of the period, ip. OXFORDSHIRE, Calthorpe house is near Banbury, and has some ancient remains, also Wickam has some interesting portions remammg. Several views of the old church are given in Beesley's History of Banbury and in Skelton. In the latter there is also a view of the old vicarage house and of Calthorpe House. 130. Drayton, near Banbury. SL Peter, A small D. church. The east window is without tracery, of three lights, the side windows of the chancel are square-headed. There is an incised alabaster slab 1458, and some old painting. The nave has aisles, and a clerestory, all good D., in the south aisle are two sedilia and a piscina, muti- lated by a monument of 1548. The font is plain, the tower modern, ip. 131. Barford, (Great,) St. Michael. The nave is D., on the north side is a lofty N. doorway, having the beak-head moulding continued all round. The tower is at the east end of the south aisle. The piscina has a locker behind it. The porch is P. The font large and early N. J.c.s. 132. Bloxham, St. Mary. Has a lofty and elegant tower and spire, and various other interesting portions. HICKMAN. It is a large and fine church of mixed styles. In the chancel is a N. doorway and some windows, altered from that style. The nave has very wide aisles, the north aisle having two arches across it, the south aisle is also large and wide ; they are D., with some good P. win- dows inserted. On the south side a chapel with four large P. windows has been added. The font is D., octagonal panelled. The west doorway is very fine and rich D. The cornice on the north side of the church contains a curious series of grotesque figures of animals, &c., which have been engraved by Grose, ip. Several views are given in Skelton ; the tower, and spire, and font in Kick- man's Architecture ; and various details in the Glossary. DEANERY OF DEDDINGTON. 133. MiLCOMBE, St. Laurence, A small church, chiefly E. E. The pillars of the nave are plain E. E., with moulded caps. The lower portion of the rood-screen remains, and is very good P. ; there are also most of the original open seats remaining in the nave, of the same date and work as the screen. The north aisle is modern. The windows are partly E. E. and D. The font is P., and there is a D. doorway to the tower, j.m.d. 134. Broughton, St. Mary. A good D. church with a tower and spire of the same style, it has a good stone chancel-screen, and contains several fine monuments, some D., others P., and a brass of Philippa Byschoppesdon, 1414. There is a good D. doorway and porch. The east end of the south aisle is of good design, with a fine window, which has hanging foliation to the inner arch. The castle is a good moated house of various periods, part of the fourteenth century, with a gate-house of the fifteenth. The castle contains a small D. chapel, in which the stone altar remains perfect. The north front is Elizabethan, ip. There is an engraving of the chancel and of a monument in Skelton ; of a window in the Glossary of Architecture ; and of the brass in Boutell's Brasses. Several views of the castle are also given in Skelton. 135. Cropredy, St. Mary. A fine D. church of the usual plan, with a tower at the west end. The nave- arches have the mouldings continuous to the ground, the clerestory windows are square-headed, D. The south aisle has fine D. windows, and a rich cornice, the north aisle is P., the chancel is D. The windows have good flowing tracery. There is a fine double piscina, and some very good D. screen-work, but cut down and used as a railing. The lower part of the tower is D., the upper P., and there is a good D. porch, ip. The D. screen is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture. OXFORDSHIRE, 136. Wardington, St. Mary Magdalene. A small plain church of mixed styles, chancel D., nave E. E., south door- way plain, early D., with a stoup perfect, the aisles D., the tower P, IP. Williamscott consolidated with Wardington has an ancient school-house, and a house in which King Charles slept, after the battle of Cropredy bridge. 137. MoLLiNGTON, All Saints. The north aisle of this church was taken down in 1786, and the pillars built up into the wall. The nave is D., and has a good doorway and porch of the same date. The chancel is also D. The clerestory windows and the tower are P., the font is Tran- sition N. j.c.s. 138. Claydon, St. James. The aisle of this church is divided from the nave by four N. arches, the easternmost one being rather later than the others. The tower has a saddle-back roof. There is no distinction between chancel and nave. The font is modern and of wood, j.c.s, 139. BouRTON Magna, St. Michael. The nave of this church is used as a dwelling-house, and the chancel, which is converted into a school-room, is all that remains of the original church at all perfect. It is early D., and retains the original roof. The east window is of two lights with good tracery, though much mutilated. The piscina and locker remain in their original positions, and there is a beautiful D. window in the north wall, j.m.d. 140. Deddington, St. Feter and St. Paul. A mixed church, originally D., but great part rebuilt with the old materials in the time of Charles 1. The chancel has a good east window, sedilia and piscina of D. work. There is a good P. porch to the north door, and a screen. A sepul- chral recess in the south wall contains a female figure of early character, ip. DEANERY OF DEDDINGTON. Clifton chapel in this parish is destroyed, it stood near the road leading to Deddington. A view of the church and rectory is in Skelton ; and a brass in the Gent's, Magazine, ?ol. Ixv, part 2. (1795.) 141. Han WELL, JSL Feter, A fine D. church with some portions of E. E. work. The sedilia and piscina are good D., the nave-arches have caps ornamented with figure s^. elegantly sculptured. At the east end of the north aisle is the reredos of an altar with figures under tabernacles : there is a very curious D. cornice filled with sculpture of figures. Near the church are the remains of the castle with a good brick tower of P. work. ip. See Skelton's Antiquities for views of the church and castle. 142. South Newington, St, Peter. Chancel D., with a crocketed piscina. The chancel-arch is plain E. E. The nave-arches Transition N., and E. E. The clerestory is P. The north aisle is D., with good windows. The south aisle is rather earlier, having two Transition E. E. windows and two D. windows, and one P. insertion. The roofs of the aisles are open timbered P. The font is cylindrical, N., with a single zigzag moulding at the top. The south porch is good P. A small fragment of the cross remains, j.m.d. 143. SiBFORD, . Modern. 144. SwALCLiFFE, St. Peter and St. Paul. A fine church of mixed styles, the exterior chiefly D., with a P. tower at the west end. The nave has N. arches on the north side, and Tmnsition N. on the south. The clerestory and roof are P. The aisles both D., the south earHer than the north, with a good E. E. doorway. The chancel early D., with good sedilia and piscina. The roof good open timber. P., and the chancel-screen retains the old painting and gilding. There is a sanctus bell-turret, ip. OXFORDSHIRE, Swalcliffe parsonage is said to have been built by William of Wykeliam ; also a fine old barn, skelton. 145. Epwell, SL Anne. Chancel, nave, tower on south side of nave, and a small south aisle adjoining the tower on the east, but opening only to the nave. South doorway D. Window at west end of three lights. Chancel has its old roof, the east window of three lights, Transition from D. to P., as are also some of the other windows. The tower is fourteenth century. The piscina plain D. j.m.d. A fine house in Epwell, temp. James I. skelton. 146. Shutford, St. Martin. Of mixed styles, singularly situated, with a P. tower at the north-west corner. The nave has Transition N. arches on the north side, and D. on the south. There is an E. E. chapel, with a D. open timber roof, and a P. screen with the old painting. The font is N. In a house in the village is a fourteenth centmy door- way. IP. 147. Tadmarton, St. Nicholas. A small but good D. church, with a tall tower at the west end, it has some good early windows of two lights, with lozenges in the head of each, and a sanctus bell-turret, ip. 148. Tew, (Great,) St. Michael. Has a doorway of very late N., with apparently some later additions, and an E. E. porch. The nave has some piers and arches of D. charac- ter, and there are some good windows of that style. The tower and clerestory are P., and there are some inserted windows of that date. There is a good P. font. The pulpit is ancient, of wood, with good panelling, and some of the bench-ends are of elegant design. This church is not a large one, but in composition and execution it is superior to many churches about it. rickman. There is a brass to Sir J. Wylcotes and lady, 1410. The south doorway is engraved in Skelton ; a bench-end in the Glossary of Architecture ; and the brass in Boutell's Brasses. DEANKRY OF DEDDTNGTON. 149. (Tew, Little,) St. Mary. Ecclesia destnicta. 150. WiGGiNGTON, St. Giles. A good plain church, chiefly E. E., chancel D., having a good piscina, a sedile in the sill of the window, and a good D. stone seat, with crockets and finial, in the south-west angle. There are also two remarkable low side windows. The pillars of the nave, three on each side, are E. E., those on the north side octa- gonal, and earlier in the style than those on the south, which are round with moulded caps. Clerestory and roof P., the tower good and lofty P. The aisle windows are good three-light lancets under one arch, very good E. E. On the exterior a very singular tomb is built into the south side, the figure stands erect with a child on each side, all having their hands clasped, in the costume of the thirteenth century. On the outside of the chancel is a D. cornice with the ball-flower ornament, stilted up above the P. clere- story now blocked up. The porch is placed diagonally at the west end of the north aisle, to meet the path fi*om the village ; it is apparently P. w. The tomb is engraved in Skelton. 151. WoRTON Nether, St. James. Chancel, nave with aisles, west tower. The chancel has been shortened by a few feet, but the east window built in again, it and the chancel- arch are D. The nave is also D., with three arches on each side on octagonal pillars with moulded caps ; the aisles have good D. square-headed windows of three lights, the rnullions well moulded and each light trefoil-headed. The south doorway is good E. E., with the tooth ornament in the arch mouldings, and a curious impost. The tower stands at the west end of the south aisle, it is very small, and has the date of 1630 upon it, the lower part forms a porch, ip. 152. Worton Over, Holy Trinity. Chancel, nave, south aisle and south tower. This church has been almost OXFORDSHIRE, entirely rebuilt in the D. style, under the direction of Mr. Derick, with some of the old work retained, and the imita- tion very well done. The tower was added in 1849. The font is a very good imitation of the E. E. style. The seats are all open and low, and the chancel is paved with en- caustic tiles. IP. 153. Wroxton, All Saints. A plain church of the D. style, consisting of nave, aisles, and chancel, with a tower at the west end. The chancel has plain windows without cusps, and two sedilia. The south doorway and porch are good, and there is also a good font. Wroxton abbey is a fine mansion of the time of Charles XL, but some remains of a D. chapel are pre- served. IP. The hall of the abbey is engraved in Skelton. 154. Balscot, ^t. Mary Magdalene. A small D. church. The east window is fine, with three lights, and the side win- dows also very good, the piscina has a shelf, and a trefoiled crocketed canopy. There is another piscina in the south aisle, and near it two brackets. The tower is well propor- tioned, the font N., large, and plain. The sanctus bell- turret remains at the east end of the nave, j.m.d. IDeancri) of ^^enkg. 155. BiXBRAND, St. James. A small poor church, con- sisting of chancel and nave, with a wooden bell-cot on the west gable. The walls are N., and some of the small N. windows remain : there is one lancet window, the others are modern, and very bad. The chancel-arch is small round-headed N., and has a squint on each side of it almost as large as the arch, but not continued to the ground, and now blocked up. ip. 156. ^rLG^x-^y^Y^, St. Michael. Ecclesia destructa. DEANERY OF HENLEY. 157. Caversham, St. Feter. The plan of this church is a nave and chancel, with a north aisle to each ; the east window of chancel is good *D., that of the aisle plain P. On the north side of the chancel are two P. arches, with panelled soffits, and the caps formed of carved angels; the arches of the nave are N., circular, on plain round pillars. The south doorway is N., with the zigzag mould- ing very bold. The tower is of wood. ip. 158. Checkendon, St. Peter and St. Paul. A small N. church with a round apse at the east end, a P. tower and porch and insertions. The apse has a plain N. win- dow, rather large, and on the south side is a P. window, blocked up. The arch opening to the apse is good N. The chancel has on the north side a D. window, on the south an early P. one. The chancel-arch is good N., with shafts having sculptured caps, and the billet ornament in the hood- mould. The walls of the nave are N., but the windows, doorway and porch are P., with a stoup in the porch, and some bits of N. moulding. The tower is poor P. There are several tiles, some of the same pattern as those at Harpsden, three brasses of the fifteenth century. The open seats in the chancel erected in 1716. The roof of the nave is good P., flat, with carved bosses, ip. There is a general view of the church in Skelton ; two of the brasses in Boutell ; and two quarries in Franks' Quarries. 159. Crowmarsh Gifford, St. Mary Magdalene. A small church principally early N., very plain and massive, the west end is singular, having small round windows. The two doorways, several windows, the chancel-arch, and a piscina are all N. ip. The piscina is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture. 160. Goring, St. Thomas a Becket, A curious small N. church, with a tower at the west end of the north aisle. OXFORDSHIRE, Many of the original windows remain, but there are some late insertions and a modern east window : the three arches on the north side are Transition N., on massive round piers with N. clerestory windows over them. The tower is very curious N., with good stair-turret, the under part has a groined N. vault ; the belfry story and battlements are P. On the north side is an original lean-to or aisle, very narrow and two stories high : there is a small round- headed wooden piscina, and the north aisle has a D. east window. On the south side are clerestory windows with a blank wall under them, there having been a cloister on that side of the church. IP. There is a general view in Skelton. 161. Hk^v^DWii, St. Margaret. Chancel and nave, with wooden bell-cot on the west gable. The east window is D., of two lights, the side windows D., single lights, in the south wall are two recessed arches, in one of them is a good figure in armour with the legs crossed, of the fourteenth century. There are three brasses. The chancel-arch is modern. The west window P., the bell-cot modern. The font good round N., with the scallop and cable ornaments. The south porch D., open timber, with a good wooden door- way and barge-boards, and a trefoil-headed arcade on each side. The vestry is modern in imitation of D. work. There are some good tiles of uncommon patterns, w. 162. Henley, St. Mary. Is a large church with some portions of chequered work in flint and chalk ; it has a good tower, and various interesting portions both D. and P. The east window has good D. tracery, rickman. At the east end of the chancel are indications of the original altar. At the east end of the north aisle is a P. window with curious painted glass. On the south side are some rich re- cesses. Nearly all the brasses are destroyed. A general view of the church is engraved in Skelton. 163. Mapledurham, St. Margaret. A late P. poor DEANERY OF HENLEY. church, consisting of chancel, nave, south chapel, and west tower. The chancel is very poor, but has a tolerably good roof, the chapel of the Blount family is late P., but better than the church. The nave is twice as wide as the chancel, which stands on one side, as if the pillars and arches had been taken away, one arch is Transition N. The tower is of brick, debased P. The font round, good N., with a spiral cable moulding. Near the church is the seat of the Blount family, a fine brick mansion temp. Henry VIII., with moulded brick chimneys, square-topped pinnacles, and square-headed win- dows, pp. The mansion-house is engraved in Skelton. 164. MoNGRWELL, St. John Baptist. Modern. 165. Nuffield, Holy Trinity. A small church of the D. style, part ancient and part modern, carefully re- stored by Mr. Ferrey. It consists of chancel, nave, and north aisle, with tower at the west end of the aisle. The chancel is modern. The nave and aisle are original D. The pillars are round, with moulded capitals and bases. The font is plain round, tub-shaped, with the following inscription in Lombardic characters round the upper part, and the plinth is built in with part of a pillar. [iFon]te $acro lotum bel muntat gracia totum ITel non est jiacramenti munDacio plena. The north and south doorways have been stopped up, and a west one opened. There is a small brass, a half- length figure of a priest, with a French inscription, ip. 166. RoTHERFiELD Greys. Chaucel, and nave, with a modern wooden bell-cot, the east window E.E., of three lights, under one arch not foliated : a good E. E. piscina, and a double locker. The nave walls are E. E., the windows part lancets, and part modern : the north doorway round- headed, E. E., blocked up. The font good E. E., square with shafts at the angles : there is a fine brass of Robert OXFORDSHIRE, de Grey, 1 387, and a debased chapel, with a fine tomb of W. Knollys, earl of Banbury, 1632. This chapel is now the burial-place of the Stapleton family. At Rotherfield Greys, the mansion-house called Greys court has a square tower, and some other portions of the fourteenth century, of brick-work, but the greater part is Elizabethan or later, ip. The brass of Sir R. de Grey is engraved in Boutell's Brasses ; the font in Van Voorst's Series. 167. Rotherfield Peppard, All Saints. A small plain church, the walls N., the chancel has three N. windows, and N. strings : the east and two side windows are D. in- sertions: the chancel-arch is plain Transition N. The nave is modernized, and has a wooden bell-cot. The font is N,, round, cup-shaped, with the cable moulding, ip. 168. Shiplake, St. Peter and St. Paul. Of mixed styles, mostly D., the nave-arches are Transition N., very good, the south aisle is E. E., the font good D. The chancel has a good D. east window, the side windows are short, lancets, there is a good E. E. piscina in the south aisle, many old tiles are preserved, and the church is in beautiful order, the windows filled with painted glass brought from St. Omer at the expense of the incumbent, ip. The font is engraved in Rickman. 169. North Stoke, St. Mary. Chancel very good E. E., side windows original, small lancets, with shafts of Purbeck marble in the jambs : there are two low side win- dows, one on each side ; that on the south has a trefoil head, that on the north is square-headed, both original : there is a trefoil piscina and a small locker. The nave is early D., the windows of two lights. The tower E. E., with a good tower-arch. The font is small, plain, and round. Over the south doorway is a curious sun-dial, with head and hands, early D. ip. DEANERY OF HENLEY. 170. Newnham Murren, SL Mary. A small plain N. church. Chancel N., with the original windows in the sides, the chancel-arch N., the upper part plastered up. There is a trefoil piscina, and a double locker in the chancel, a small plain romid N. squint on the south side of the chan- cel-arch. The nave is N., with an original doorway on the north side, south aisle D. The font plain N., the pulpit Jacobean, with a stone base. The porch has good barge- boards. IP. 171. Ipsden, St, Mary, This church consists of chan- cel, nave with a chapel attached to the north side, south porch, and a wooden bell-turret. The chancel is in the earliest E. E. style, with three small windows on each side, and a doorway on the south side, with a flat top sur- mounted by a semicircular arch. The eastern wall has been altered, and a three-light P. window inserted. There is a small wood cornice in the inside, which appears to be of E. E. character ; the ceiling is in cants, (as are the other ceilings of the church,) following the arrangement of the rafters and braces of the roof; a portion at the east end is boarded, and the remainder is plastered. The chancel-arch is small and very plain and poor; it is coeval with the chancel, and has one polished shaft, with plain flowered capital, on each side against the middle of the wall. There appears to be a " squint," now stopped, in the wall on the north side of this archway, but it is probably not an original feature. The chapel on the north side of the church is parted from the nave by two pointed arches : the east wall has been rebuilt in the P. style, the other walls are of E. E. date, though apparently later than the chancel; a stone bench is attached to the inside of the west and north walls. The roof has suffered from decay and modern repairs ; it appears to be of D. character, and the wood cornice seems clearly of that date ; the timbers are large, and there is a OXFORDSHIRE, little characteristic enrichment on some of those in the eastern part, especially on a tie-beam which has a series of cuspings cut on one of its sides. The nave is of E. E. date, and was originally built with a south aisle, parted from the body by five pointed arches ; but this has been destroyed, and the arches have been filled up in a later age ; the west window is of poor P. character ; and there are two windows of similar kind on the south side. Tlie roof is of P. date, with large plain moulded tie-beams and good battlemented wood cornice ; the ceiling is plastered and quite plain. The font is a plain tub-shaped structure, made up with rough materials, plastered. A large propor- tion of the original open seats remain in the nave. A few ancient paving tiles remain, with spread eagles and other ornaments on them. In this church are a pair of small brass figures, and an inscription to the memory of Thomas Englysche and Isbell his wyffe, who both died 1525 ; they are loose, and the two figures are found to be made from earlier brasses ; the female has at the back, part of a rhyming inscription to, apparently, a member of the family of Stapleton, and the^ male is cut from a larger female figure, r.c.h. 172. Stoke, (South,) St. Andrew. Tower, nave, chancel, chiefly of late D., with some good windows, and some of P. character. Attached to the pulpit is an iron hour-glass stand. A.N. 173. WooDCOTE, St. Leonard. A chapelry to Ipsden, rebuilt in 1846, in the N. style, in good taste. The old apse with three N. windows is faithfully copied on the old foundations, ip. 174. SwiNcoMBE, St. Botolph. A small church, chiefly N., with an apse, and without tower or bell-cot, the bell being hung in a room above the south porch. The apse is N. ; the walls very thick, with a coved vault, and three I DEANERY OF WITNEY. small windows splayed in an unusual manner. The arch to the apse and the chancel-arch beyond are plain N. In the chancel is one lancet window, and one D., of two lights. The nave windows are single lancets, with the ex- ception of that at the west end, which is P., inserted in the original lancet. The font is plain, tub-shaped, N. The porch plain N. HP. 175. W HITCH VRCBy St. Mary. Chancel and nave. This church, originally N., has but little early work remaining. The chancel has been refaced with brick in the Roman style, the east wall and the west end of the church being wholly modern. The S. doorway is good N., with zigzag and other ornament, and carved capitals. The porch P., is now used as the vestry. There are some plain D. win- dows, and one good P. The bell-cot is of wood, square : the font is modern. There are two early brasses in the chancel, and two small pieces of good painted glass, j. billing. Hard wick house, a fine Elizabethan mansion, is in this parish. Skelton gives a view of Hard wick house. ©tanerg of Silitneg. 176. Alvescott, St. Mary? A small plain church of mixed styles. Chancel, nave without aisles, north and south transepts, with a P. tower at the west end. The chancel is modern ; there is a D. chapel on the north side, and a P. one on the south ; the latter has its original boarded ceiling painted and gilt. The font is E. E., square, with shafts at the angles, ip. 177. AsTHALL, St. Nicliolas. Is a small church, with some good E. E. and D. portions, and some of later date. Some of the windows have good tracery, and there is an H OXFORDSHIRE, elegant cross on the north porch. In the churchyard is an ancient altar-tomb, with quatrefoils and shields, it is not common to meet so good an ancient tomb out of doors. RICKMAN. At Cote, in this parish, is a mansion of Elizabeth's time, with some good shields, painted glass, and a sepulchral chapel. The gable cross is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture. 178. Bampton, SL Mary. A fine large cruciform church, mostly of the period of Transition from E.E. to D., with a good tower and spire at the intersection, the spire is octagonal, springing from a square tower without a parapet. At the angles in the place of pinnacles are four figures of angels, very elegant, the spire lights are very good with flowered crosses on the pediments over them. The west doorway is fine D., deeply recessed, and ornamented with the ball-flower, &c. The side windows are of three lights, with foliated heads under one arch within. At the end of the south transept is a rich, late N. doorway. The tower-arches are Transition N. The walls of the chancel are N., with later insertions, sedilia and piscina good E. E., and a very singular Easter sepulchre of P. work. In the east wall of the north transept is a very fine reredos of our Saviour with twelve Apostles under canopies. The font is square E. E. In this parish are the remains of the castle of Aymer de Valence, Earl of Pembroke, in the time of Edward II. The gate-house is tolerably perfect, ip. There is a general view of the church, and of the remains of the castle, in Skelton. A general view also in Petit's Remarks on Architectural Character : a D. doorway and window in Rickman's Architecture, and a pinnacle in the Glossary of Architecture. 179. Shifford, . The greater part of the old church fell in 1772. The present church was completed in 1780. SKELTON. 180. Blackbourton, 8t, Mary, A mixed church, mostly DEANERY OF WITNEY. Transition N., with one aisle on the north side of the nave only. The tower is late P., introduced within the south- west angle. The chancel is E. E., and has three small lancet windows in the east end, two below connected by a dripstone, and one above in the gable ; in the east wall are also an E. E. piscina, and a locker, and in the south wall a sedile forms the sill of a window. The chancel door is N. There is a P. stone pulpit, ip. 181. Brize Norton, St Brize. A small church of mixed styles, chancel with north aisle, nave with north aisle, and an E. E. tower at the west end, which has a good parapet, and strings early in the style. The chancel is D. The nave partly E. E., and partly D. The south doorway is N., and there is a good N. font with attached shafts, a good D. piscina in the chancel, and a stone bench divided into three sedilia. Also a monumental effigy of John Daubyngne, 1340 : the head and feet are shewn, as if from under the stone slab on which the helmet and shield are carved, ip. The Daubyngne monument is given in Skelton. 182. Broadwell, St. Peter and St. Paul. A fine cruciform church, with a western tower and spire. The chancel has N. walls, the windows inserted, early D., the east window of three lights, with foliated circles in the head, and the inner arch or hood enriched with hanging foliation ; on the south side are two windows of two lights, one of which also has hanging foliation, and some original painted glass in the head ; a low side window, which is round headed, and has a projection over it; a small D. piscina and locker : the chancel-arch is E. E., the whole width of the chancel, with shafts attached to the side walls ; there is a D. chapel on the north side, with a smaller E. E. arch opening to it. The north transept is P., with a stair-turret at the north-east angle, the arch opening to it is E. E., with good capitals of elegant foliage. OXFORDSHIRE, The south transept is early D., with arch and window of the same character, and a very good piscina, with a pointed outer arch and a trefoiled inner one, the surface of the wall round the outer arch enriched with foliage, and a corbel for an image close to it. The nave has P. win- dows : the north doorway is small, round-headed, E. E., the south doorway is fine Transition N., round-headed, en- riched with zigzags and the tooth ornament, and shafts with capitals of E. E. foliage. The south porch is also Transition N., attached to the end of the aisle. There is a good E. E. cross on the east gable of the nave. The lower part of the tower is N., with a tower-arch of that style, the belfry story and the spire are good E. E., the belfry windows are of two hghts, with small fohated circles in the head, the spire is of the broach form, with mouldings on the angles, a finial of foliage, good spire lights with plate tracery and crosses on their gables, and pinnacles at the angles. The spire belongs evidently to the same family as Witney and Bampton. The font is very good late N., with a large basin of the quatrefoil form with heads in the hollows, supported on four large shafts with scalloped capitals, and small shafts introduced between the large ones. ip. Near the churchyard are the remains of an ancient cross with five steps. 183. Kelm SCOTT, JSt. George. A small cruciform church, with a good E. E. bell-cot over the chancel-arch, and a wooden one at the west end. The bell-cot is for two bells, the openings trefoiled and a circle in the head. The chancel has one D. window, the others P., the chancel- arch is plain early D. The transepts are also early D. : the end windows of three lights with trefoil heads. The nave has four late N. arches on the north side, and square- headed P. windows on the south. The south doorway is DEANERY OP WiTNEY. N., the porch P. The aisle is very narrow, and has had a large squint at the east end into the chancel : there are good E. E. heads in sunk panels over the two western pillars, and good corbels to the roof. The font is plain, round, N. w. 184. Broughton Poggs, St. Feter. Small, but ancient, composed of one aisle which is divided into nave and chancel. The chancel is E. E., with two lancet windows at the east end, the side windows single lancets, the priest's door of the square-headed trefoil form, and a small oblong low side window. The nave has N. walls, and one small original window, the other windows are D. insertions. The north and south doorways are plain N. The tower has been lowered, and is now level with the roof of the nave, and has the bells hung in openings on the west side. IP. 185. BuRFORD, St. John Baptist. Is a large and curious edifice. It has a N. central tower, and various portions of N. and E. E. work adjacent, but the largest part of the church is P., of various dates, and evidently partial rebuild- ing, a very fine N. door being preserved at the west end. There are several large chapels, and a remarkably rich south porch, late P., with very beautiful fan-tracery groining, and excellent details. In the interior, the junction of the different portions produces various singularities. There are several ancient monuments of different dates and varying much in their execution. In the nave is a stone chapel used as a seat, and another of wood, both good compositions. There is an ancient wooden pulpit, and some other good wood-work ; there are also small portions of very good an- cient painted glass. The roof of the nave has been remark- ably rich wood- work, but now much mutilated and altered. The upper part of the N. tower has inside some fine arches, forming a gallery round that stage of the tower. The spire OXFORDSHIRE, is of P. date. There is a fine circular font with niches and statues, and lined with lead ; it appears to be of D. date. Under part of the church is a crypt, used as a bone- house. The plan of this edifice is very irregular, but it has so many singularities and beautiful portions, that it deserves minute examination, rickman. There are engravings of several portions of the church in Skelton. The aisle roofs are given in Bury's Ecclesiastical Wood- work ; a mullion and a pendant in the Glossary of Architecture. 186. FuLBROOK, St. James. Chancel, have, north aisle, north chapel, west tower. Chancel has D. east window of three lights, trefoiled, under one arch, the eyes pierced, side windows P., square-headed, roof good open timber barrel-shaped, with bosses, early P. ; chancel-arch Transition N., with moulded imposts, on the west side it has shafts with E. E. mouldings. The nave has on the north side four Transition N. arches, on short massive pillars with good caps, the north chapel is D., the aisle P., with square- headed Avindows, and a good roof. On the south side of the nave, near the chancel-arch, is a round-headed recess for an altar. A good early D. window of two lights, the inner arch five-foiled; an upper range of windows square P. The south doorway N., with an E. E. porch. Tower plain P., font plain round ; a P. high tomb in the churchyard, and a fine yew-tree. ip. 187. Clanfield, St. Stephen. Plan — chancel with north aisle, nave with north aisle, west tower. The chancel is E. E., with some D. insertions, the east window D. with geometrical tracery, an E. E. piscina with trefoil head and stone shelf, the sedilia in three steps formed in the sill of a window: the chancel-aisle has good geometrical D. win- dows. The chancel-arch is Transition N., pointed with shafts, there is an E. E. arch on each side of the chancel- arch, one lancet-shaped, the other equally narrow but tre- DEANERY OF WITNEY. foil-headed. The nave has three N. arches on the north side : the aisle is partly D. and partly P. : the south door- way plain N., the door old oak with good iron-work : the porch P. The tower is D. with a good west window, and arch, the upper windows plain, it has a battlement and pinnacles. The font is P., octagonal, cup-shaped, panelled with quatrefoils and roses, ip. 188. CoGGS, St, Mary. A small church of mixed styles, with a singular D. tower at the west end of the north aisle, but in a diagonal position. Tlie lower part is square, the upper part octagonal. The chancel has a good D. east window, and on the north side of it is a chapel with very good D. work. The nave has Transition N. arches, the south aisle is P. In a farm-house near the church are two very good E. E. windows, w. Skelton gives a view of the west end, and a window ; a moulding and the tower are given in the Glossary of Architecture. 189. DucKLiNGTON, St, Bartholomew, A fine church, consisting of chancel, nave with aisles, and west tower. The chancel is E.E., with a P. east window, and good E.E. sedile, piscina, and locker. The side windows are single lancets, widely splayed. The chancel-arch is well moulded, E. E. On the south side of the nave are three arches. Tran- sition N., opening to an E. E. aisle ; on the north side are three good D. arches. The north aisle is very fine D., the east window is very rich, and has a singular piece of sculp- ture in the head. The west window is of three lights with very good fiamboyant tracery, the hood-mould over it is a hollow moulding filled with ball-flowers, and this is carried as a cornice all round the chapel. In the north wall are two very rich D. arches, and in the upper part of the wall all round are a series of sculptured panels in alto relievo. The lower part of the tower is Transition N., with a tower- OXFORDSHIRE, arch springing from corbels. The upper part is P. The north porch is D., and has a crypt underneath it. IP. The east end of the north aisle is engraved in Skelton. 190. CoKETHORPE, St. Mary. Chapelry to Ducklington. A small plain chapel, chiefly P., the tower at the north side of the west end, the lower part of which is E. E., the upper modern, the whole rough -cast over. The font is good N., with intersecting arches, ip. 191. Hailey, St. John Baptist. Chapelry to Witney. Modern. 192. Holwell, . Achapelry to Broad well. This chapel was rebuilt in 1842, in a bad style, in imitation of Gothic, with a small tower on the north side, and three chancel-arches, the two outer ones being narrow lancets. 193. Kencote, ^t. George. Chancel, nave and west tower. The chancel is E. E., late in the style, the east window of three lights, with trefoil heads, the centre the highest, the eyes have been open, but are plastered up, the side windows are lancet shaped, and there is a trefoil-headed piscina with a stone shelf. The chancel-arch is originally N., with shafts and the imposts continued as strings; under this a D, arch has been introduced, resting on corbels of foliage inserted in the N. w^ork. The south doorway is N., wdth flat sculpture in the tympanum, re- presenting a centaur shooting an arrow down the throat of a monster, with the word Sagittarius cut in the stone. The nave has N. corbel-heads inside, but the roof which be- longed to them is destroyed. The tower-arch is small plain Transition N., there is a large square stair-turret on the south side of the tower. The font has the date 1642. ip. 194. Langford, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, north and south aisle, central tower. The chancel is E. E., having three couplets on each side and two couplets at the east end, with banded shafts, and deeply wrought mouldings within. DEANERY OP WITNEY. On the north side, in the easternmost compartment, is a beautifully recessed and canopied priest's door, on the exterior, but closed within by a piscina, both E. E. On the south side is a good P. aumbrey, there is a good stone staircase, E. E., leading from the chancel to the tower. The tower is N. having large piers and narrow arches, plain in character, and plain belfry windows. The nave has good arches of transitional work. The clerestory and aisles are chiefly P. The north aisle is curiously supported by a flying buttress springing from the ground and terminating imder the eaves, P. work. The south porch has two curious sculptures of the Crucifixion, one on the south face over the entrance, the other on the east side ; the latter is full size, both are executed in sunk panels having the form of a cross, and are of early work, this church abounds with interesting details, b.f. 195. Faringdon Parva, . A small interesting Transition N. church, with a north aisle, and a well moulded arcade with semicircular arches having sculptured capitals. The chancel has two N. narrow windows on each side, and two E. E. at the east end. A good D. aumbrey on the north side, and a foliated bracket over the altar, a handsome pulpit and desk of Jacobean character. The west gable- turret contains two bells, but has been modernized. A concealed arch on the south side of the nave indicates the position of a chantry chapel at a former time. The south porch is P., and there are many P. windows inserted. The font is also plain P. b.f. 196. Minster Lovell, Si. Kenelm. A good P. church, cruciform, without aisles, with a tower in the centre. The nave is wider than the tower, and there are small narrow arches on each side of the western arch, placed diagonally, connecting it with the angles of the wall, there are also small foliated openings on each side of the eastern arch, I OXFORDSHIRE, looking towards the altar. This arrangement is very un- usual and very good ; there is an original vestry on the north side of the chancel. A good P. font and a fine altar- tomb of Lord Lovell the founder of the church in the time of Henry VI. Close to the church are the ruins of the mansion-house, afterwards a priory, which are of the same age. ip. Skelton gives a view of the interior of the church. There is a general ex- terior view in Petit's Remarks on Architectural Character, a window in Rickman's Architecture, and the font in Van Voorst's Series ; the ruins of the mansion are also engraved in Skelton, and in the Beauties of England and Wales. A set of drawings of this church by Mr. J. Prichard, architect, has been published by the Oxford Architectural Society. 197. NoRTHMOOR, SL Denis. A mixed church with a D. tower at the west end ; the chancel is E. E., with an east window of singular design, late in the style. Good E. E. sedilia. The nave is D., with very elegant windows, the inner arches of which are supported on short shafts and corbels. There is a D. chapel on the north side, with two sepulchral recesses and a good monument of a cross-legged knight and lady. ip. Near the church is a good Elizabethan parsonage house. Two D. windows are engraved in Rickman, and a corbel in the Glossary of Architecture. Skelton gives a view of the Elizabethan parsonage-house. 198. Standlake, St. Giles. A cruciform church, with tower and spire at the west end. The chancel is early D., at the east end are three lancet windows plastered up, and P. niches inserted, the side windows are good D., of three lights ; the chancel-arch is Transition N. The transepts are D. ; the arch opening to that on the south side is N., en the north side E. E. The nave-arches, four on each side, ara E. E., with round pillars on the south side, octagonal on the north. The tower is octagonal from the ground, small, very good, surmounted by a spire, both early I). The walls are chiefly N., as shewn by the strings and buttresses. DEANERY OF WITNEY. There is an external sepulchral recess of E. E. work on the south side of the chancel, kp. Gaunt house is in this parish, a curious and interesting building, now used as a farm-house, skelton. A view of the church is engraved in Skelkn. 199. SniLTON, . . Chancel, nave with aisle, west tower. The chancel is E. E., with lancet windows at the sides, and a D. east window of three lights ; a very good E. E. piscina, trefoil-headed, with a stone shelf, and a quatrefoil basin, quite perfect, supported by foliage ; an E.E. priest's door, now blocked. The chancel-arch is E.E., with good mouldings and shafts; there is a small squint on the south side of the arch. The nave has two plain N. arches on round pillars, with scalloped capitals, rather early in the style. The doorway is P., but inserted in a N. opening, with the round arch remaining above ; the porch is plain N. The tower small, and plain P. The font very fine N., square, with sculptures of the Passion on each side ; the basin is supported by a square central shafts with four detached round shafts, ip. 200. SwiNBROOK, SL Mary. Is a small church with a curious small tower, open, with an arch to the west, and having a door and window in the west wall of the church under this arch. There are some N. piers and pointed arches, with some curious windows of later date ; the east window is P., a good one of five lights. There are some re- mains of a rood-loft and good wood screens. In this church are many monumental figures lying on shelves, covering one side of the chancel. They seem to be sub- sequent to the year 1600. rickman. In the east window of the chancel is some good painted glass : there are also some ancient carved misereres, and some fine brasses, ip. The Fettiplace monuments are engraved in Skelton ; and the stalls and pulpit in Talbot Bury's Ecclesiastical Wood-work. There is also a window in the Glossary of Architecture. OXFORDSHIRE, 201. Taynton, SL John Baptist. Chancel, nave with two side aisles, and west tower. The chancel is E. E., with a beautiful three-light lancet east window. There is a small D. vestry on the south side of the chancel. The nave has D. arches, a P. clerestory and roof. The north aisle is good D., with the ball-flower in the cornice and cap and in the hood-mould of the doorway. There is a good niche across the north-east angle of this aisle, the south aisle is also D., but with P. windows inserted. The tower plain poor P., tall and narrow. Porch D., with a good cross on the gable. The south doorway has the four-leaved flower in the mould- ings bold and good. Font large octagonal early P., with panelling and curious sculpture, ip. The font is engraved in Skelton. 202. Westwell, ^t. Mary. A good small church, with- out aisles, with a pigeon-house bell-cot. The chancel is E. E., with two lancet windows on the south side, and a small Transition N. one on the north ; the east window is circular, cinquefoiled of plate tracery of early character, the ends of the cusps cut off" square, and united by an iron ring, precisely like the \^4ndows of a similar character in France. The chancel-arch is Transition N., with the star ornament on the imposts ; the responds plain, square, with shafts on the west side. The nave has N. walls, with P. square-headed windows inserted. The south doorway is good N., with shafts having scalloped capitals, and the arch enriched with zigzags. The north doorway is also N., but plain, and blocked up. The font is very good N., not round, but quatrefoil in plan, and the basin of that form ; it stands on four massive shafts, with scalloped capitals and moulded bases, on a square plinth. The porch is P., with a good stoup niche on the side ; there is a descent of three steps into the church. There is a good Elizabethan tomb with the figure of a civilian, ip. DEANERY OF WITNEY. 203. WiDFORD, St Oswald. A small chapel near Bur- ford, is a curious edifice. It has a small bell-niche and a nave and chancel. The north door and the font are N. The nave and chancel are mostly D. The side windows of one light, and the east window of three lights. Part of the nave of the west end is of later date. The pulpit is ancient, with good panelling, rickman. 204. Witney, St Mary, Is a large and handsome cross church, with a tower and lofty spire at the intersection ; the nave has aisles and a clerestory. The transepts are large, and the chancel small. The tower and chancel are E. E., and the north transept D., with a fine window of seven lights. The clerestory and some other parts are P. There is a water-drain in the chancel, and two monumental effigies in the north transept, rickman. The west doorway is fine P., on the south side is a round- headed E. E. one, the spire and pinnacles are fine E. E. ip. General views are given in Skelton, in the Beauties of England and Wales, and in Petit's Remarks on Architectural Character. A doorway, a mullion, and two windows are given in the Glossary of Architecture. 205. Yelford, St, Nicholas and St. SwitJdn, A small P. church, without a tower, the two bells being inserted in openings made for them in the west gable: all the win- dows are square-headed, and the roofs very high pitched; the ceilings are flat : the font cup-shaped, panelled. There is a good south porch ; there are remains of gable crosses on the two eastern gables, and a good rood-screen, if. OXFORDSHIRE, IDeancrg of agaoobstocL [[Several of the churches in this deanery also are described in the Guide to the Architectural Antiquities in the Neighbourhood of Oxford.] 206. Aston, North, St. Mary, A mixed church, with a P. tower at the west end. The nave and chancel are D., and there is a good D. chapel on the south side of the chancel. There is a fine altar-tomb of 1416, and some good open seats with carved ends. w. 207. Begbrooke, St. Michael. A small church origin- ally N., with many modern alterations. The tower at the west end has a roof with two gables, called a saddle-back roof: there is a good N. doorway, ff. A general view is given in the Guide to the Architectural Antiquities. 208. Blaydon, aS'^. Martin. Rebuilt in 1804. In this parish is a small house with a good round chimney and a pretty dormer window, h'. There is a view of the old church in Skelton, and one of the house in the Architectural Guide. 209. Woodstock, St. Mary Magdalene. Of mixed styles, the north side towards the street rebuilt in 1785. The south side with an aisle, has some good E. E. work. There is a good D. font, now in a garden. On an old house in the town is a curious chimney of the fourteenth century, ip. The font, the west -porch, and several details, are given in the Architectural Guide, and the chimney in Skelton. 210. Cassington, St. Peter. A small church of mixed styles, with tower and spire in the centre, but without either transepts or aisles. The chancel is N., with a groined vault with D. windows, and piscina inserted : the walls of the nave DEANERY OF WOODSTOCK. and tower are also N., but a D. spire has been added ; there is a good brass of a cross fleuree to Roger Cheyiie, c. 1415. There are some good mural paintings of the fifteenth century in the nave ; in the belfry there were some patterns of much earlier date, apparently contemporary with the walls, but these disappeared in some recent repairs, ep. A general view is engraved in the Architectural Guide, a window in the Glossary of Architecture, and the brass in Bouteirs Brasses. 211. CooMBE (Long), St. Laurence. A good P. church, with tower at the west end. There is a good stone pulpit. On the east gable of the nave is a sanctus bell-cot, and on that of the chancel a good cross, ip. The rectory house has some portions of the original P. work remaining. The pulpit and doorway, and other details, are given in the Architectural Guide ; a general view of the church and rectory, and the stone pulpit, in Skelton. 212. DuNSTEW, St. Mary. A plain church of mixed styles, with a P. tower at the west end. The nave and north aisle are D. The chancel is chiefly P., and there is a good chancel-screen of early P. work. ip. 213. Ensham, St. Leonard. A mixed church, consist- ing of chancel, nave with aisles, and a P. tower at the west end of the north aisle. The chancel is D., the nave early P., with good arches, the pillars of which are clustered, and of uncommon section. The font is good P. Near the church is a fine village cross. There are some open seats in the nave with rich panelling, ip. The tower, the font, and numerous details, are given in the Architectural Guide, and a view of the church and village cross in Skelton. 214. Glympton, St. Mary. Is modern, but the tower- arch and the chancel-arch have been preserved, ip. K 215. Handborough, St. Peter and St. Paul. A fine church, mostly P., with a good tower and spire at the west OXFORDSHIRE, end. Plan oblong with two aisles. The chancel is E. E., but the east window is a debased insertion. The nave- arches are P., but the outer walls of the aisles are N. The richly panelled oak pulpit, rood-loft, and font, are good P. IP. A general view, the pulpit, rood-loft, and font, are given, with other details, in the Guide to Architectural Antiquities. 216. KiBm^GTO-s, St. Mc/tolas. A mixed church, mostly D., with a small plain tower at the west end. The walls of the chancel are N., with a N. arch in the east wall filled up with a P. window, the other windows and the piscina are D. The nave and tower, and a chapel on the south side, are also D., and the roof of this chapel is original. The font is good D., hexagonal with panelled tracery on each face. At the west end are two small triangular windows foliated, which are also D. A brass to a priest, Walter Gooden, 1513, rector, ip. The font, chapel, roof, and other details, are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 217. KiDLiNGTON, St. Mary. A fine cruciform church, with a tower and spire in the centre. It is of mixed styles, but the greater part good D., particularly the aisles of the chancel. The spire is P., the south porch D., with two good doorways. There are several fine D. windows, par- ticularly the east window of the south aisle, ip. A general view, and very numerous details, are given in the Architectural Guide. 218. Water Eaton, . A small late P. chapel of the time of James L, somewhat in imitation of D. work, with very good windows for that period. The seats, pulpit, and screen, are all of the same charactejj. Adjoining to it is a good manor-house of.lhe same period, to which the chapel has originally belonged, ip. The chapel and manor-house are engraved in the Architectural Guide.* DEANERY OF WOODSTOCK. 219. NoRTHLEiGH, SL Mary. A mixed church with two aisles and two chapels, and a tower at the west end. The nave has Transition N. arches. The chancel is D., but spoiled within by bad Italian work. The south door- way is originally N., with a smaller P. door introduced imder it. The Wilcot chapel is very rich P., with a fine altar-tomb. There is an elegant cross on the east gable. The tower is of very early character, with long and short work, it appears to have been originally central. The old N. font is used as a water-butt in the churchyard, and a wooden one is in its j)lace. ip. The Wilcot tomb is engraved in Skelton ; the tower, and other details, in the Architectural Guide. 220. RowsHAM, St. Mary. A plain church of mixed styles, with an aisle on the south side, and a tower at the west end. Tlie chancel is D., the chancel-arch and the arch nearest to it are Transition N. The other two arches with the aisle, and tlie tower, are D. ip. Near the church is a handsome Ehzabethan house, the seat of C. Cottrell Dormer, Esq. The Elizabethan house is engraved in Skelton. 221. Sandford, ^t. Martin. A mixed church with a P. tower at the west end. The nave has Transition N. arches on the north side, and E. E. ones on the soutl>. The clerestoiy and roof are P. ; the walls of the chancel iare E. E. ; the east window is Transition from D. 4:0 P. The south aisle is of the same period. The seats are mostly plain old oak, and the pulpit P., with oak panelling, ip. The east window is given in the Architectural Guide. 222. Shipton on Cherwell, St. Mary. Rebuilt in 1820, all but the chancel, which is late D. Skelton gives a general view. 223. Stanton Harcourt, ^t. Michael. A cruciform K OXFORDSHIRE, church of mixed styles. The walls of the nave are N., with some P. windows inserted, and a D. open timber roof, the chancel is E. E., and contains some very beautiful work, the windows are of the lancet form, arranged in triplets on the sides as well as at the east end, the transepts are also fine E. E. ; the end windows are P. insertions. The tower-arches are E. E., the upper part P. The rood-screen is of oak, E. E. The Harcourt chapel is P., and contains some fine monuments. In the chancel is a small tomb with a rich D. canopy, supposed to have been used for the Easter sepul- chre ; and in one window is some very good painted glass. The remains of the manor-house of Stanton Harcourt are good P., consisting of one of the towers, the gate-house, and the kitchen, the latter is very curious with its original timber roof and louvre : this and the abbot's kitchen at Glastonbury are believed the only remaining examples, ip. A general view of the church, the rood-screen, and other details, are given in the Architectural Guide. Several details in Skelton ; the font in Van Voorst's Series ; a quarry in Franks' Quarries ; some ancient mural paintings in the Archaeological Journal, vol. ii. ; a piece of K. E. glass, in Hints on Glass Painting ; and two of the Harcourt effigies in Hollis. The tower, the kitchen, and the domestic chapel, are also given in Skelton and the Archi- tectural Guide ; and a set of working drawings of the church has been pub- lished by the Oxford Architectural Society. 224. South Leigh, St James. A small church, mostly P., with a tower at the west end, and an aisle on the north side of both nave and chancel, but none on the south side, there is a small N. doorway to the chancel, with some sin- gular ornament, a N. piscina, some portions of E. E. work, but the greater part P. The font is P., panelled ; there are some good plain open seats. Near the church is an Elizabethan house, with some good portions, w. The piscina and other details are given in the Architectural Guide. 225. Steeple Aston, SL Peter. A mixed church, with DEANERY OF WOODSTOCK. a P. tower at the west end. The nave is E. E., the south aisle of nave and north aisle of chancel are D., the north aisle of nave is P. The chancel is of a debased character. The church is entirely fitted with open seats of good charac- ter, with richly carved panelling at the ends. There is a very remarkable altar-cloth of the fourteenth century pre- served in this church, ip. A general view : some open seats, &c., are given in the Architectural Guide. 226. Steeple Barton, St. Mary. A plain church of mixed styles, with a tower at the west end. The chancel is D., but sadly patched, the nave is also D. ip. The remains of the manor-house are good Elizabethan. A few details are given in the Architectural Guide, and a view of the manor-house in Skelton. 227. Stonesfield, St. James. A mixed church. The chancel is D. The nave has two E. E. arches on the south Bide. The south aisle is D., the north aisle modern. The tower originally E. E., with P. windows inserted, and a P. belfry added, if. Three windows are engraved in the Architectural Guide. 228. Tackley, St. Nicholas. A cruciform church of mixed styles, with a tower in the centre. The chancel is E. E., with a good triplet at the east end. Some P. win- dows inserted. The nave is partly N., and partly E. E. The tower and transepts are P. ip. There is an interior view of the chancel, and some other details, in the Architectural Guide. 229. Westcott Barton, St. Edicard. Of mixed styles, a P. tower at the west end. The chancel is P., the chan- cel-arch and two arches on the north side of the nave are N. ; the other parts mostly P. ip. The door-handle is engraved in the Architectural Guide. 230. WiLCOT, St. Peter, A small church without aisles, OXFORDSHIRE, mostly D. The west end has two windows divided by a tall buttress which originally carried a bell-cot now destroyed : the design of this end is very good. On the south side is a N. doorway. The north doorway and porch are D. hp. The west end is engraved in the Architectural Guide. 231. WooTTON, aS'^. Mary. A plain church with one aisle on the north side, and a P. tower at the west end. The nave has clumsy E. E. arches. The aisle and the chancel are D. Font E. E. ip. 232. Yarnton, St. Bartholo^new. A mixed church mostly E. E., with a very late tower, 1611. The nave has E. E. arches. The chancel is E. E., and in the churchyard is a good E. E. cross, ip. Several fragments from other churches were collected and preserved here by the late Alderman Fletcher about 1820 ; he was a great collector of antiquities, and is buried in this church ; there is a high tomb to his memory with his effigies engraved in brass, one of the earliest instances of the revival of this art. The Spenser aisle is engraved in Skelton ; and the churchyard cross in the Architectural Guide. Beanern of ©xforlr. [The engravings of the various buildings in Oxford are so numerous, that a mere catalogue of them would fill a volume. The best are in general those on the Oxford almanacks, and on a small scale those in Dr. Ingram's Memo- rials of Oxford.] 233. Oxford, All Saints. Rebuilt in 1708, from a de- sign of Dean Aid rich. 234. Oxford, St. Aldate. Has a D. tower and spire, a DEANERY OF OXFORD. south aisle of very good D. work, built in 1336 by Sir John de Docklington. It contains a fine P. high tomb in alabaster of John Noble, 1522. kp. The effigy of John Noble is engraved by Hollis, the tomb is also given in the Glossary of Architecture, together with two D. brackets and a corbel. In this parish are Cardinal Wolsey's Almshouses, part of which are original work, but the front is a modern re- storation ; also the remains of the mansion of Dr. Oliver King, the last abbot of Oseney and first bishop of Oxford : parts of both of these buildings are engraved in Ingram's Memorials. 235. Oxford, St. Clement. Modern, 1828. In the outskirts of this parish are the remains of the hospital of St. Bartholomew, the domestic buildings are modernized. The chapel remains perfect, it is a small building with some good windows of the Transition from D. to P., and a screen of the time of the Commonwealth. It has neither tower nor bell-cot, but there has been an opening for the bell in the west gable, w. 236. Oxford, St. Ebbe. Rebuilt in 1816. A rich N. doorway is preserved in the vestry, ip. The N. doorway is given in the Glossary. 237. Oxford, St. Giles. Has various E. E. portions, some good lancet windows, and some portions of later date. Its font is very curious, rickman. The tower is a good specimen of Transition N. work, the belfry windows are each of two lights, with shafts, and a small lancet- shaped opening in the head. The north aisle has been a series of chapels, each with a separate roof and gable, and an arch across the aisle; this range of gables and the arches still remain : the windows are good E. E. The south doorway and porch are also good E. E. IP. The font and an E. E. window are given in the Glossary. OXFORDSHIRE, 238. Oxford, St. John Baptist. See No. 257. 239. Oxford, St. Martin, (commonly called Carfax.) Is modern all but the tower, which is quite plain: there is a fine P. font. if. The font is given in the Glossary. In this parish are some ancient timber houses with specimens of pargetting, and good barge-boards, parts of which are engraved in Ingram's Memorials, and in the Glossary. 240. Oxford, Bt. Mary Magdalene. Is a small church, much of which is of the D. style, with some good windows, the south aisle has the w^aved line pierced parapet and buttresses, with canopies and niches of remarkably beauti- ful composition : its font is a fine one. rickman. The south aisle is said to have been built in 1327. The tower is late P., with some D. materials brought from Oseney abbey, built in ; the stair-turret is very elegant, and there is a beautiful little figure of St. Mary Magdalene in a niche on the upper part of the tower. The Martyrs' aisle, in imitation of the D. style, but not similar to the south aisle, was built in 1842, from the design of Mr. G. G. Scott, to correspond with the Martyrs' Memorial Cross, which stands at a short distance from it. ep. The font is engraved in Simpson's Fonts ; one of the south buttresses, and a part of the open parapet, a window, and a moulding are given in the Glossary : the south aisle in Ingram's Memorials. 241. Oxford, St. Mary the Virgin. Is one of the prin- cipal features of High-street, and though not benefited by the very incongruous porch of twisted pillars, is on its southern side a very fine church. The plan is a spacious nave and aisles, and a large chancel, without aisles. The steeple is on the north side. All the building except the steeple is P., not very early but very good, the piers and arches have delicate mouldings, and over each pier is a DEANERY OF OXFORD. beautiful niche from the top of which springs the corbel, carrying the wood arches of the ceiling ; most of the windows are very good ones, and the whole is a fine specimen of the style. The steeple consists of a very plain tower, from the top of which rises a spire with plain ribs, and one very good large canopied window at the bottom. At each corner the double buttresses of the tower are finished by rich niches, with canopies and pinnacles, and behind the group thus formed, rises connected with it a large pedestal with pinnacles at the corners, and a large one in the centre. This disposition is not common, and produces altogether far the most satis- factory arrangement of any for the junction of a tower and spire. The whole of the steeple is of D. date, and the mouldings of these portions of the spire being filled with the ball-flower so common in that style, the effect produced is very rich. The niches are filled with statues, rickman. On the north side of the present chancel, but separated from it by a narrow space, is the chancel of the old church, which was of the unusual arrangement of a double chancel, one above the other ; the lower one is nearly perfect, with its groined vault of the D. style, and evidently belonged to the same building as the tower and spire, which stood in the centre of the old church ; the upper chancel has been modernized, and the north front cased over with late P. work to correspond with the rest of the church in external appearance. These two chancels were long used as the two houses of Convocation, ip. There are good general views of the exterior and interior in the Oxford Al- manacks, and in Ingram's Memorials, and numerous details in the Glossary. 242. Oxford, St Michael. Has an elegant though plain P. porch, and other ancient features. Its tower of long and short quoins marking its early date, rickman. The south aisle is D., and has one remarkable window of earlier character, of three lights, rather wide lancets under OXFORDS HIRE, one arch, riclily moulded ; the mullions are also well moulded ; a P. chapel on the north side of the chancel has a good original reredos. kp. There is a good general view in Inp^am's Memorials ; the tower is given in Rickman ; the reredos, a niche, a window, a muUion, and a pillar in the Glossary. 243. Oxford, St Peter {le Bailey.) Rebuilt in 1740. Some ancient brasses have been preserved. 244. Oxford, St. Peter {in the East.) Is a curious church, the original portions N., with details peculiarly rich and well executed. It has had many introductions and alterations, particularly some large windows, which with a large south porch, a parapet, and other additions, mostly of P. character, have much altered the exterior appearance of the church. There yet remains the south door, one win- dow of the chancel, a portion of groining, and some other parts in the original state, and these shew the beauty of the N. church. Under tlie chancel is a fine N. crypt, some of the capitals of which have sculptures of a curious character. The later parts of this church are very good, and the whole deserves attentive study, rickman. There is a general view in Ingram's Memorials, the crypt and various de- tails are given in the Glossary, and a plan and view of the crypt in the Archse- ologia, vol. i. p. 155. 245. Oxford, St. Thomas a Pecket. The chancel is E. E., with a good D. east window, the priest's door has the original iron-work remaining ; the nave is partly P., with a modern aisle in the D. style on the south side ; the tower at the west end is P., with an elegant stair- t arret, ip. A general view and several details are given in Ingram's Memorials. 246. Oxford, Holywell, IIol^ Cross. Has a tower with some curious portions of E. E. composition, with later additions and alterations, rickman. This church was very well restored in 1845 and the aisles rebuilt; in the DEANERY O? OXFORD. tower is a singular anomaly, a lancet window with a square- headed canopy over it. The chancel- arch is shghtly horse- shoed, and the impost enriched with the star ornament, ip. A general view and the chancel-arch are given in Ingram's Memorials. 247. Oxford, St. Paul. Modern, 1838, in the Grecian style. 248. Oxford, JIol^ Trinity. Modem, in the E. E. style. 249. Oxford. The Cathedral of Christ Church, [ori- ginally the chapel of the monastery of St. Erideswide, now] the chapel of the college and the cathedral of the diocese. It is a N. building, of singular character, from the dispo- sition of its arches, which are double, a lower one springing from corbels attached to the piers ; part of the nave has been demolished, and many windows of late date inserted in different parts. The roof of the choir is a curious and beautiful groined roof, with pendants ; on the north side of the choir are some chapels of later character than the rest of the church, and the northernmost one, called the Latin chapel, has some D. windows. Part of the cloisters re- main ; they are of P. character, and the chapter-house is a very beautiful and valuable specimen of E. E. The tower is in the centre of the cross, and is a plain English one with a spire. This cathedral is so inclosed by the college build- ings and by gardens, that no view of the whole can well be obtained. The interior has many portions deserving ex- amination. In the dean's chapel are two altar-tombs, a D. monumental erection, with three canopied arches, and a most magnificent P. erection, called the shrine of St. Erides- wide; it consists of three tiers of tabernacle-work, the upper of which has its niches ornamented with veiy fine canopies. The groining and piers of this chapel have some singularities, rickman. The stalls and desks in the Latin chapel are chiefly Wolsey's work, and very fine, they evi- L OXFORDSHIRE, dently formed part of the original fittings of his choir, and have been removed to their present situation. There is some good D. glass in the north and west windows, though evidently removed from the smaller windows and collected in these large ones, and mixed with later glass. The chapter- house is a very beautiful specimen of E. E. work, with fine groined vault, lancet windows and rich details, it is divided into two nearly equal parts by a solid stone wall of the time of Cromwell. The entrance doorway is late and rich N. work. The engravings of the Cathedral are very numerous, those in Britton's work are considered inferior to most of the others in that valuable series : in Ingram's Memorials there are exterior and interior views, and numerous de- tails, also a good plate of the interior of the chapter-house. 250. Oxford. Christ Church has most of the col- lege buildings of later date, but the hall is a very beautiful room, and its roof a peculiarly fine specimen of an open wood roof. In different parts of the buildings some small ancient portions may be found deserving examination. RiCKMAN. The kitchen remains nearly in its original state as built by Wolsey, and has a good plain timber roof, with a smoke louvre ; it is traditionally said to have been the first part of the college buildings to be finished. The stair- case to the hall, with its fan-tracery vault springing from a slender central pillar, is much admired, and justly, although it is of the time of Charles 1\ There are good engravings of the hall and staircase, and various details of the college buildings, in Ingram's Memorials. 251. Oxford. All Souls' College has a gateway, and some other portions of good P., but mixed with later work of a very different character, rickman. The chapel is an elegant specimen of its kind, the pillars and arches of the ante-chapel are very good, and a fine roof remains, though partly concealed : there are some remains of good painted glass, ip. DEANERY OF OXFORD. 252. Oxford. The entrance gate [and tower] of Bra.se- NOSE College is a fine composition, with very good details. RicKMAN. The chapel is a curious example of the attempt to produce a mixed style of Grecian and Gothic, the effect is singular and picturesque, worthy of being preserved, but not imitated : it has lately been carefully restored, hp. 253. Oxford. Balliol College has a fine oriel, and some other ancient features, rickman. The chapel and the library are late P., of the time of Henry VIII., with a very picturesque stair-turret, and some tolerably good painted glass. The gateway tower also is good P., built by Dr. Bell, who was Master from 1494 to 1497; his monogram, a bell, is carved in stone on the upper part of the tower, ip. The oriel is engraved in Pugin's Specimens ; the library, &c., in Ingram's Memorials. 254. Oxford. Corpus Christi College has over the entrance an elegant niche, rickman. The gateway tower and the founder's chamber in it, are good late P. : the whole quadrangle has a more genuine appearance than most of the colleges, ip. 255. Oxford. Exeter College Chapel is of Per- pendicular character, rickman. The chapel is of the very latest period for Gothic work, and has a ceiling painted in imitation of fan-tracery. The hall has a good open timber roof. The original entrance gateway tower on the north side is P., and has a good groined vault which appears to be D. or very early P., with good bosses, ip. 250. Oxford. Magdalene College presents a variety of curious features ; the whole of one quadrangle is ancient ; this contains the hall, chapel, and cloisters, and has a very fine entrance tower. The chapel has had a new ceiling, and other modern alterations, but its west door is a rich and curious specimen; it has a detached stone arch, of peculiar lightness and elegance. Near this door, in an OXFORDSHIRE, angle, is a plain but elegant stone pulpit. The most im- posing feature of this college is its lofty and peculiarly elegant tower, which, for simplicity of design, is hardly any where exceeded ; it is very plain from the ground to the belfry story ; this has on each side two fine windows, and a rich open battlement ; the tower is crowned with eight rich pinnacles, and being seen from its base has a very fine effect in the approach to it. rickman. The original gate- way tower is also a very fine example. The engravings of various parts of this fine college are almost endless, and many details are given in Pugin's Specimens, «&c. &c. 257. Oxford. Merton College is also rich in ancient portions ; the chapel is one of the finest in Oxford ; it consists of three portions of a cross church, the choir and transepts, (there being no nave,) and a tower at the inter- section. The choir is of D. character, with very good windows ; the east window, of seven lights, is a very curious one, with a rich wheel, and crocketed canopies and pin- nacles, as part of the tracery; the side windows are also very good ones. The tower and transepts are P., the windows are very good, and the tower, which is short and massive, has a very elegant belfry story, with a pierced battlement and eight pinnacles. There are other portions of the college buildings deserving attention ; they are principally P. rickman. The treasury, with its very acute stone roof and groined vaults, is very early D., almost E. E., and is fire-proof, it is a valuable specimen of the domestic work of the thirteenth century. The history of this very interesting chapel is preserved in the Bursar's rolls of the college; the high altar was dedicated in 1277, and the work was continued very slowly, as the funds would permit, the tower-arches were DEANERY OF OXFORD. built in 1330, the upper part of the tower and the tran- septs not until 1420. ip. A memoir of this chapel, taken chiefly from the college rolls, is given in the Archaeological Journal, vol. ii. p. 137, with engravings, there are also numerous details in Pugin's works, Ingram's Memorials, &c. 258. Oxford. New College has the hall, chapel, cloisters, and a bold bell-tower, of excellent P. character, early in the style, and plain as to the exterior, but with excellent details, and the chapel a very rich interior. This chapel has been restored, and a very rich screen and organ- case erected, but the ante-chapel has had very little alter- ation, and is a remarkably fine composition. The windows of the cloisters are good, and their details rather singular. In this chapel is preserved the crozier of the founder ; it is in good condition, and affords a beautiful specimen of the mode in which architectural ornament was in that day adapted to utensils and furniture, rickman. Some of the painted glass in the ante-chapel is original, that in the choir is of the last century, the west window is well known as executed from the design of Sir Joshua Reynolds, and a failure from want of attention to the nature of the material. The muniment tower and the kitchen are worthy of notice, the muniment room has its original paving of ornamented glazed tiles, ip. 259. Oxford. Oriel College hall and chapel, with the porch leading to them, afford curious specimens of the singularities of debased P. ; the parapet of the porch being formed by the letters of an inscription, rickman. 260. Oxford. St. John's, University, and Wadham Colleges, have all examples of the mixture produced by the introduction of Italian details before the ancient forms were disused, rickman. The tower of St. John's College was built by Arch- bishop Chichele as part of his foundation of St. Bernard's OXFORDSHIRE, College, and is good P., with a very remarkable entrance gateway. Lincoln College has been much altered, but retains a good P. doorway, and a smoke louvre on the hall. The chapel is a good example of the Oxford Gothic of the time of James I., and has good painted glass of that period. The chapel of Wadham College, although built at the same time with the rest, is in a very superior style ; the college documents shew that it was erected by a gang of freemasons, who were brought from a distance for that pur- pose by the foundress, Dorothy Wadham, in the time of James I. ip. 261. Oxford. Most of the exterior of the Schools is of quite a debased character, but small portions are of superior design. Amongst these, the Divinity School is to be particularly noticed ; the general composition of this interior is fine, but its peculiar feature is the roof, which consists of bold four-centred arches, the spandrels of which are filled with tracery, and the spaces between these ribs are groined with two rows of pendants finishing below in small niches, which reach much below the ribs, and thus form three arches across the span. The details of this roof, and the rest of this portion, are very good, rickman. 262. Oxford Castle has a tower of early N. character, the walls batter, and there are good loops in the parapet ; the masonry is rude, which gives it an appearance of still greater antiquity. The well-room in the mound is a curious little structure, with a groined vault of later N. character. The crypt of St. George's chapel has been re- built, but the ancient dwarf pillars preserved, with curious early N. capitals, ip. There are engravings and plans of the Castle in King's Munimenta Antiqua, Woolnoth's Castles of England, Ingram's Memorials, &c. Near the Castle are the remains of Oseney Abbey, but DEANERY OF OXFORD. scarcely a vestige of them is now standing. Fragments of good E. E. work have been dug up occasionally on the site of the abbey. Some portions of the old work are recorded to have been used in the rebuilding of part of St. Mary Magdalene church, shortly after the dissolution. The pre- sent burial ground is on part of the site of the abbey; several stone coffins and skeletons were dug up in prepar- ing for the foundations of the new burial chapel. Rewley Abbey was also at a short distance from the Castle, and a few fragments of it remain, ip. The three burial chapels built in 1848 are deserving of notice; the northern one, in the Holy Sepulchre burial ground, is in the N. style with an apse : the southern one, in the Oseney burial ground, is in the E. E. style : and the eastern one, in the Holywell burial ground, is in the D. style : all of them are creditably executed. The architect, Mr. W. J. Underwood, has published the working drawings of them. 263. Wolvercot, St. Peter. A small plain church of mixed styles, with a P. tower, a richly carved oak pulpit of late P. work. A fine monument to Chief Baron Walter, temp. Charles H. In this parish are some slight remains of the nunnery of Godstow, which are P. The bridge has two arches, one pointed, the other round; it is partly ancient, but has been much modernized, ip. An engraving of the pulpit has been published by the Oxford Architectural Society, and several details are given in their Guide. 264. BiNSEY, St. Margaret. A small church of mixed styles, with a N. doorway, and a Transition N. bell-gable with openings for two bells, and a good low side win- dow. IP. A view of this church, shewing its bell-cot, and the low side window, is given in the Archaeological Journal, vol. iv., and in Ingram's Memorials. INDEX OF SA.INTS, AFTER WHOM CHURCHES ARE NAMED IN OXFORDSHIRE. All Saints, 19.51.52.67.71.85.94.113. 137. 153. 167. 233. St. Aldate, 234. St. Andrew, 7. 55. 80. 103. 172. St. Anne, 145. St. Bartholomew, 4. 104. 109. 189. 232. St. Botolph, 174. St. Brize, 181. St. Clement, 235. St. Denis, 197. St. Ebba, 54. 236. St. Edburgh, 30. St. Edward, 229. St. Frideswide, 249. St. George and St. Edmund, 43. St. George, 183. 193. St. Giles, 22. 31. 40. 62. 105. 114. 150. 198. 237. St. Helen, 90. Holy Cross, 246. Holy Rood, 10. 122. Holy Trinity, 39. 64. 152. 165. 248. St. James, 27. 57. 93. 138. 151. 155. 186. 224. 227. St. John, 26. 125. 127. St. John Baptist, 74. 116. 117. 126. 164. 185. 191. 201. 238. St. Kenelm, 73. 196. St. Laurence, 25. 118. 133. 211. St. Leonard, 24. 97. 119. 173. 213. St. Margaret, 15. 161. 163. 264. St. Martin, 146. 208. 221. 239. St. Mary, 1. 6. 9. 13. 16. 17. 21. 23. 28. 29. 33. 34. 35. 41. 42. 44. 45. 47. 48. 49. 58. 60. 63. 65. 66. 68. 69. 82. 84. 86. 91. 100. 108. 111. 115. 120. 12L 123. 124. 129. 132. 134. 135. 149. 162. 169. 170. 171. 175. 176. 178. 180. 188. 190. 194. 200. 202. 204.206. 212. 214.217.219. 220. 222. 226. 231. 241. St. Mary Magdalene, 20. 136. 154. 159. 209. 240. St. Michael, 36. 37. 53. 79. 92. 102. 128. 131. 139. 148. 156. 207. 223. 242. St. Nicholas, 5. 12. 14. 46. 56. 75. 77. 99. 107. 147. 177. 216. 228. St. Nicholas and St. Swithin, 205. St. Olave, 38. St. Oswald, 203. St. Paul, 95. 247. St. Peter, 11. 32. 59. 76. 101. 106. 130. 141. 142. 157. 184. 210. 225. 230. 243. 244. 263. SS. Peter and Paul, 2. 3. 96. 140. 144. 158. 168. 182. 215. St. Philip, 81. St. Stephen, 187. St. Swithin, 50. St. Thomas a Becket, 98. 160. 245. ALPHABETICAL INDEX. No. No. A. Brightwell Salome . - 5 Ackhampstead Adderbury - 16 124 Brize Norton - <^" Broadwell : 181 182 Adwell - 1 Broughton - 134 Albury - - - Alkerton 87 Broughton Poggs - 184 128 1^" Bucknell - 32 Alvescott 176 tB^ BURFORD - 185 Ambrosden - 28 Ardley - 29 c. Ascott-under-Wychwood - Asthall - - - - 64 177 Cassington - . 210 Aston, North • • 206 Caversham '- - 157 2 Chadlington • - 66 Chalgrove - 6 B. Charlbury - - 65 Charlton on Otmoor 33 Baldon (Toot) 88 Chastleton - _ 68 Baldwin Brightwell 4 Checkendon - . 158 Balscot - - - 154 Chesterton - . 34 Bampton 178 1^^ Chinnor m 8 Banbury 129 t^^ Chipping Norton 69 Barford (Great) - 131 Chiselhampton 91 ^Tifflr'^ 127 Churchill •- 71 Beckley 89 Clanfield 187 Begbrooke 207 Claydon 138 Bensington - 90 Clifton Hampden 92 Berwick Salome 7 Coggs - 188 Bicester 30 Cokethorpe - 190 Binsey - ~ - 264 Coombe (Long) 211 Bixbrand 155 Cornwell 72 Bixgybwin 156 Cottisford 35 Blackbourton 180 Cowley 92 Blaydon 208 Cropredy 135 Blechingdon - 31 Crowell 9 Bloxham 132 Crowmarsh Gifforc I- 159 Boddicote 126 Cuddesdon 94 Bourton Magna 139 Culham 95 Brightwell Prior - 112 Cuxham 10 ALPHABETICAL INDEX. No. No D. Heyford "Warren, or Up. Deddington , _ _ 140 per Heyford 45 ^ Dorchester - . _ 96 Heythorpe _ 75 Drayton - . 97 Holton - - . _ 104 Drayton, near Banbury - 130 HolweU - _ 192 ^ Ducklington - _ _ 189 Hooknorton - _ 76 Dunstew - - 212 Horsepath - 105 E. I. Easington . 11 Idbury - - _ „ 77 Elsfield - _ 98 ^T" Iffley _ 123 Emmington - _ 12 Ipsden - « 171 Ensham . 213 Ipstone - - - ■• 14 Enstone _ 73 Islip - . 46 Epwell - . 145 " EWELME - 13 K. Kelmscott 183 F. Kencote . 193 Faringdon Parva _ _ 195 Kiddington - > 216 Fifield - . _ 74 j^"" KiDLINGTON - _ 217 Finmere . •• 36 Kingham _ 78 Forest Hill ;. . . 99 Kirtlington - _ 47 Fringford _ _ 37 Fritwell . , 38 L. Fulbrook - - 186 Langford Launton - 194 49 G. Leafield 79 Garsington - 100 Lewknor - 15 Glympton ■. . 214 Lillingston Lovell - - 48 Goddington - - _ 39 Goring - - - 160 M. Mapledurham 163 H. Marsh Baldon „ 106 Hailey - . » 191 Marston _ 107 Hampton Gay _ . 40 J^° Merton - . 50 Hampton Poyle _ . 41 Middleton Stoney - - 51 Handborough _ _ 215 Mil combe - 133 Hanwell _ _ 141 1^^ Milton (Great) . 108 Hardwick . 42 Milton ... . 125 Harpsden „ . 161 I^" Minster Lovell _ 196 Haseley . . 101 Mixbury _ 52 Headington - . . 103 Mollington _ 137 Henley _ _ 162 Mongewell - . I64 Hethe - _ _ 43 Hey ford at Bridge, or N. Lower, or Heyford Pur cell 44 Nettlebed - IW ALPHABETICAL INDEX. Newington - Newnham Murren - Newton Purcell Noke - Northleigh Northmoor North Stoke - Nuffield Nuneham Courtenay Oddington ... Overaorton - - - Oxford, All Saints - St Aldate - St Clement St Ebbe - St Giles . St John Baptist - St Martin - St Mary Magdalene St. Mary the Virgin St. Michael St Peter (le Bailey) StPeter(intbeEa8t) StThomas di Becket Holywell - St Paul - Holy Trinity m^ The Cathedral OF Christ Church - Christ Church - All Souls' College Brasenose College Balliol College - Corpus Christi College - - . Exeter College - Magdalene College Merton College - New College Oriel College St John's, Univer- sity, and Wadham Col- leges ... Schools Castle No. Ill 170 53 114 219 197 169 165 113 55 70 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 No. jr. Piddington - . „ 56 Pishill - . . 110 Pyrton - - - 17 R. Rollright (Great) - - 80 /T :4.*i-\ - - 81 Rotherfield Greys - - 166 D^.^^^. rd - 167 Rowsham - - 220 Rycote Chapel - - 102 S. Salford - 82 Sandford 221 Sandford 115 Sarsden - 83 Sbelswell 53 Shifford- 179 Shilton - J 99 Shiplake 1€8 Shipton on Cherwell 222 Shipton under Wychwood 84 Sbirbum . 19 Shorthampton . 67 Shutford 146 Sibford 143 Somerton 57 Souldern 58 South Leigh 224 South Newington 142 Spilsbury 85 Stadhampton - 116 Standelf, or Standhill 18 Standlake - 198 Stanton Harcourt 223 Stanton St John 117 Steeple Aston 225 Barton 226 Stokenchurch 4 Stoke Lyne - 59 Stoke (South) 172 Stoke Talmage 20 Stonesfield 221 Stratton Audley 60 Swalcliffe - 144 ALPHABETICAL INDEX, No. No. Swerford • _ 86 Westcott Barton - 229 Swinbrook _ - 200 Weston- on- the- G reen 63 Swincombe - - - 174 Weston (South) - 25 Sydenham - - 23 Westwell Wheatfield - - 202 26 T. Wheatley Whitchurch - - 121 175 Tackley - ■ 228 Widford . 203 Tadmarton Tayntou - - 147 201 Wigginton Wilcot - - 150 230 Tetsworth Tew (Great) - (Little) - ': - 22 148 149 |^° Witney Wolvercot Wood Eaton - 204 263 122 Thame - ~ 21 Woodcote 173 Tusmore " " 61 Woodstock - _ 209 W. Wootton - - - 231 Worton Nether - 151 Warborough - - - 118 Worton Over - - 152 Wardington - - - 136 Wroxton - 153 Warpsgrove, now Upsgrove 27 Water Eaton - - - 218 Waterpery - - 120 Y. Waterstock - - - 119 Watlingtou - - - 24 Yarnton - 232 Wendlebury - - - 62 Yelford - - 205 OXFORD : PRINTED BY I. SHRIMPTON. THE ECCLESIASTICAL AND ARCHITECTUEAL TOPOGEAPHY op ENGLAND. PUBLISHED UNDER THE SANCTION OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OP THE ^uftacologual Jnstitute of Great 23ritam anil Julanli. PART II. BERKSHIRE. OXFORD AND LONDON, JOHN HENRY PARKER. MDCCCXLIX. OXFORD : PRINTED BY I. SHRIMPTON. ADVERTISEMENT. The First Part of this work, containing Bedfordshire, was published a few months since : it is found impractic- able to fix any regidar periodical time for the publication of the successive Parts, in consequence of the great difficulty of obtaining accurate notices of every church, on which the value of the work for future reference mainly depends. Each Part contains one county complete in itself, though forming part of a whole. It is intended to publish the succeeding Parts at the rate of four in the year, and as nearly quarterly as possible. The notes for Buckingham- shire are prepared, and those of several other counties are in a forward state. In order to explain the meaning of the technical terms made use of to distinguish the work of particular periods in the most concise manner, the Chrono- logical Table of Mr. Rickman is repeated with each county, for the use of those persons who are not familiar with his system. The Architectural Notes of Berkshire have been chiefly prepared by Mr. I. H. Parker, and have been sub- mitted to the Archdeacon and to several other parties for correction. The initials of those who have contributed to the work are appended to the articles for which each is responsible : E. B. — The Ven. Archdeacon Berens. B. F. — Benjamin Ferrey, Esq. S. R. G.— Sir Stephen R. Gljnne, Bart. A. N. — Alexander Nisbet, Esq. I. H. P.— Mr. I. H. Parker. I. E. R.— Rev. I. E. Robinson. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Those marked R. are mentioned by Ricknian, and his notes of them are printed entire. No. . Deanery op Abingdon. 1 Abingdon, St Helen. . R. 2 St Nicholas. R. 2 Abbey R. 3 Drayton. 4 Appleton. 4 Manor House. 5 Tubney. 6 Ardington. 7 Ashbury. 8 Aston Tirrold. 9 Besselsleigh. 10 Blewbury. 11 Aston Upthorpe. 12 Upton. 13 BUCKLAND. 14 Buscott 15 Childrey. 16 Chilton. 17 Coleshill. 18 CUMNOR. 19 Compton Beauchamp. 20 Coxwell, Great. 20 Barn. 21 Denchworth. 22 Didcot 23 Eaton Hastings. 24 Fyfield. 24 Manor House. 25 Fawley, Great 26 Faringdon. 26 Radcott Bridge. 27 Coxwell, Little. 28 Littleworth. 29 Hagboum. 30 Hanney. No. 31 Lyford. 32 Harwell. 33 Hatford. 34 Hendred, East. 34 Chapels. 35 Hinksey, North, or Ferry. 36 Hinksey, South. 37 Wootton. 38 Hendred, West 39 Hinton Walridge. 40 Kingston Bagpuze. 40 New Bridge. 41 Letcombe Basset 42 Regis. 42 CasUe. 43 Challow, East 44 West 45 Lockinge. 46 Longworth. 47 Charney. 47 . Manor House. 48 Marcham. 49 Garford. 50 Milton. 51 MoRETON, North. 52 South. 53 Pusey. 54 Radley. 55 Shillingford. 55 Manor House. 56 Shrivenham. 57 Longcot 58 Sparsholt. 59 Kingston Lisle. 60 Stanford-in-the-Vale. 61 Goosey. CONTENTS. No. No. 62 Steventon. 102 Reading, Holy Trinity. 63 Streatly. 103 St. John. 64 Sunningwell. 103 Abbey R. 65 Kennington. 103 Friary Church. 66 Sutton Courtney. 104 Remenham. 66 Manor House. 105 Ruscombe. 67 Appleford. 106 Sandhurst. 68 Uffington. . . . . R. 107 Shinfield. 69 Woolstone. 108 Swallowfield. 70 Baulking. I^"" 109 Shottesbrooke. . . . R. 71 Wantage. .... . R. 110 White Waltham. . . . R. 72 Grove. Ill Stratfield Mortimer. 73 WlTTENHAM,EARL'SOr Long. 112 Sulham. 74 Abbott's or Little. 113 Sulhamstead Abbas. 75 Wytham. !^^ 114 Bannister. 115 Sunning, St. Andrew. Deanery of Reading. 116 Sunning, Holy Trinity. 117 Sunninghill. 76 Aldermaston. 118 Sunningdale. 77 Arborfield. 119 Theale. 78 Bear-wood. 120 Tidmarsh. 79 Barkham. 121 Tilehurst. 80 Beenham. 122 Ufton Nervet. 81 Binfield. 123 Waltham R. 82 Bisham. ^"^ 124 Warfield. 82 Priory. 125 Wargrave. 83 Bradfield. 126 Knoll Hill. 84 Bray . R. 127 Windsor, Old R. TOO TTnlv Trinitv 85 Burghfield. ^P 129 St. George's Chapel . R. 86 Clewer. . R. 130 New. 130 Castle. 87 Cookham. 88 Cookham Dean. 131 Winkfield. 89 Hampstead, East. 132 Wokingham. 90 Englefield. 133 Woolhampton. 91 Finchampstead. 92 Hurley. 92 Priory. Deanery of Newbury. 93 Hurst. I^"' 134 Aldworth. 94 Maidenhead. ^f" 135 Avington R. 95 Padworth. 1^=" 136 Beedon. 96 Pangboume. 137 Boxford. 97 Purley. 138 Bright Waltham. 98 Reading, St, Mary. 139 Brimpton. 99 St. Laurence. . R. 140 Bucklebury. 100 St. Mary's Chapel. 141 Marleston. 101 St. Giles. 142 Catmere. CONTENTS. No. 143 Chaddleworth. 144 Chieveley. 145 Winterbourne. 146 Oare. 147 Leckhampstead. 148 Compton. 149 Garston, East 150 Enbome. 151 Famborough. 152 Frilsham. 153 Hampstead Marshall. 154 Norris. 155 Langley. 156 Hermitage. 157 Hungerford. 158 Ilsley, East 159 Ilsley, West 160 Inkpen. 161 Kintbury. 162 Lambourne. 163 Woodlands. 164 Newbury. 165 Peasemore. 166 Shalboume. 167 Shaw. 167 Donnington Castle. 168 Shefford (Great or West). No. 169 ShefTord (Little or East) 169 Manor House. 170 Speen. 171 Speenhamland. 172 Stock Cross. 173 Stanford Dingley. 174 Thatcham. 175 Greenham. 176 Midgham. 177 Wasing. 178 Welford R. 179 Wickham. R. 180 Yattendon. 181 Woodhaye, West Deanery of Wallinoford. 182 Basilden. 183 Ashampstead. 184 BrightwelL 185 Cholsey. 186 Moulsford. 187 Wallir.gford, St Mary. 188 St Peter. 189 St. Leonard. 189 Manor House. 189 Castle. 190 Sotwell. CHEONOLOGICAL TABLE. PoR the use of the student a table is subjoined, shewing the duration of the styles of English architecture, and the kings reigning in each period. Kings. Date. William 1 1066>| William II 1087 | Henry 1 1100 V Stephen 1135 I Henry II 1154 to 1189 J HichajbdI." 1189 ^ John 1199r Henry m 1216( Edward I." 1272 to 1307) Style. Norman. [or English Romanesque.] Early English. [or 1st Pointed.] Remarks. r Prevailed little more than 124 years ; no remains really known to be more I than a few years older than '^the Conquest. \ Decorated -r. -r-r-r -,o^«j ■^<^rfr,? ENGLISH. Edward IIL^. .1327 to 1377 \ ^^, ^^^ p^^^,^^ ^ Edward n 1307) Richard II 1377^ Henry rV 1399 Henry V 1413" Henry YI 1422 Perpendicu- Edward IV 1461 y LAR English. Edward V 1483 [or 3rd Pointed.] Richard III 1483 Henry VII 1485 Henry VIII... .1509 to 1546 J Prevailed about 118 years. Continued perhaps 10 or 15 years later. Prevailed . little more than 70 years. Prevailed about 169 years. Few, if any, whole build- ings executed in this style J later than Henry VIII. This style used in addi- tions and rebuilding, but often much debased, as late Las 1630 or 1640. a [The reign of Richard I. was the chief period of the Transition from the Norman to the Early English style. The change began perhaps a little earlier in a few instances, and continued a little later, some buildings of the time of King John being of Transition cha- racter. »> The Transition from the Early English to the Decorated style took place chiefly in the reign of Edward I. The Eleanor crosses belong rather to the latter than the former style. In the latter part of the long reign of Edward III. the Transition from the Deco- rated to the Perpendicular style began, and was almost completed by the time of the acces- sion of Richard II. Some buildings of the Decorated style may be found of his reign, but the works of William of Wykeham, West- minster Hall, and many other buildings of this period, are of very decided Perpendicular cha- racter. Perhaps one of the earliest and best authenticated examples of this Transition, shewing a curious mixture of the two styles, is Edington church in Wiltshire, founded by bishop William of Edington in 1352, and con- secrated in 1361. The same bishop, who died in 1366, commenced the alteration of Win- chester cathedral into the Perpendicular style, which was continued by William of Wykeham.] INTEODUCTION TO BEKKSHIRE. Berkshire is not one of the counties celebrated for fine churches, and it may perhaps be said, that the generality are poor and small. Nevertheless, it contains some very fine examples of each of the styles, as Lambourne, for Norman, Uffington for Early English, Shottesbrooke for Decorated, and St. George's chapel, Windsor, for Perpen- dicular. The smaller churches are frequently very interest- ing, there are a great number of the period between the middle of the twelfth, and the middle of the thirteenth century. Good building stone is scarce in this county, and many of the churches are built principally of flint and chalk, especially in the more remote parts of the downs, and there are numerous brick towers, chiefly of the last century, but some earher, and one at Letcombe Basset has stone dress- ings of the thirteenth century. A great part of the churches in the neighbourhood of Reading and Windsor have been either rebuilt or modernized. The chm-ches most worthy of notice in the Norman style are Avington, the central tower and some other parts of Lambourne, and the west part of Henley, the apse of Finch- hampstead ; the small churches of Padworth and Remenham also have the round east end or apse. Catmere is another good small chiu^ch of this style. The best Early English churches are Uffington, a very fine cruciform church, with a central tower, and some very b INTRODUCTION TO BERKSHIRE. unusual features, raringdon, Buckland, Ardington, and the chancel of Cholsey. The best small churches or chapels of this style are Lyford, Goosey, Baulking and Tidmarsh. The chancel at Baulking, with its stone screen, or small chancel-arch with large squints on each side, and the hexagonal apse at Tidmarsh, are very remarkable and uncommon features. There is a singular doorway of this style, with a trefoil head, at Stanford Dingley, and an oval window in the same church. In the Decorated style, Shottesbrooke is a well known and very perfect example, it is cruciform, without aisles, and with a central tower and spire. Mr. Rickman calls it a minia- ture cathedral. Sparsholt, with its timber roof, and wooden screens, of this style, is an unusually good specimen. The chancel of Warfield, and the ruins of the church of the Friary at Reading also deserve notice. Good Perpendicular churches are not common; St.Helen's, Abingdon, is perhaps the best parish church of this style, but St. George's chapel, Windsor, may well make amends for the want of other examples. The mixed churches are, as usual, far more numerous, and some of these are worthy of attention. The prin- cipal examples are, Ashbury, Blewbury, Childrey, Cumnor, Hagbourn, Hanney, Hanwell, East and West Hendred, North Moreton, Stanford-in-the-Vale, Steventon, Sutton Courtney, Wantage, Long Wittenham, Beedon, and Lam- bourne. Spires are not a common feature in Berkshire, there are only six that deserve the name ; these are Welford, with its round tower of Early English work, of very elegant and beautiful design, Shottesbrooke, which is Decorated, and St. Helen's, Abingdon, which is Perpendicular on an Early English tower : Sparsholt and Warfield are of wood : White Waltham also has a small wooden spire. INTRODUCTION TO BERKSHIRE. Of towers, Wickham has been described by Mr. Rickman as of the supposed Saxon character, Lamboume has been already mentioned as Norman, Cumnor is a good Early English tower. North Hinksey is very plain and rude, but with its pyramidal roof it has a good and pleasing effect. Chieveley has a remarkable Decorated tower, the angles of the belfry story being chamfered off in a very unusual man- ner, and with good ornamented chamfer terminations. There are original Decorated vestries at Stanford-in-the- Vale, and Sparsholt. The stone bell-cots are not very good, there are speci- mens at Besselsleigh, Great and Little Coxwell, East and West Challow. Many of the smaller churches have wooden bell-cots, and some of these appear to be origi- nal, or at least if the upper part has been renewed, they stand on the original frame-work of early character. There are examples at Lyford, Didcot, Enborne, Stanford Dingley, and Ashampstead. There is a plain stone pulpit at Childrey, and a good Perpendicular wooden one at Hagboum. The recesses for altars on the east side of the transepts at Uffington are probably of unique character, the very good Early English porches of the same church should also be noticed. The ambry or locker at Drayton, still retaining its wooden doors and Early English iron work, is a rare example. There are good Early English piscinas at Baulking, South Moreton, White Waltham, Hampstead Norris, and Uffington: Decorated at Cumnor, Harwell, North Moreton, and Spars- holt ; that at North Moreton is of a plan which is not very common, being placed at the angle formed by the eastern jamb of the south-east window ; it has a shaft running up the edge, with a small arch from it towards the window, and another towards the altar. Some piscinas of similar design INTRODUCTION TO BERKSHIRE. were noticed in Bedfordshire, and have been called angle piscinas, they are very elegant, and not common. There is a fine example at Cheltenham. The fonts are generally of early character, and there are some very good specimens. The Norman fonts are Eaton Hastings, Letcombe Regis, Appleford, Finchampstead, Parley, Sulhamstead Abbas, Great ShefFord, and Welford. Clewer is of lead. There are good Early English fonts at Hatford, Wantage, and Englefield ; and at Long Witten- ham, Childrey, and Woolhampton of lead. Woolhampton is a curious example, being of lead and stone, that is, the lead in the space under the arches of the small arcade is cut away, and the stone appears. There are good Decorated fonts at Ardington and Buckland. The Perpendicular fonts which seem best worthy of notice are Compton Beauchamp, Denchworth, Hagbourn, Hurley, Steventon, Chieveley, St. Laurence, and St. Mary's, Beading. The remains of painted glass are not considerable, but there are portions of good glass of the fourteenth century at Hagbourn, North Moreton, Long Wittenham, Bright- well, and Basilden ; and of the fifteenth at Letcombe Regis, Shillingford, Sutton Courtney, OckwelFs house, and St. George's chapel, Windsor. The wood-work will not bear comparison with that of the eastern or the western counties, but there are por- tions worthy of attention. The roofs at Little Cox well and Sparsholt and the screen at Sparsholt are of the fourteenth century. There is only one rood-loft remaining in the county, which is at Drayton, of the fifteenth cen- tury, but there are several good screens of that period, as at Fyfield, Little Cox well, Hagbourn, Harwell, Sunning, and Warfield. The wooden porches at Blewbury, Pang- bourne, and Yattenden are worthy of notice. The stall- desks at Cumnor are good with very singular poppies. INTRODUCTION TO BERKSHIRE. There are many old open benches, but generally of plain character. There are a number of good tombs, some of the most remarkable may be mentioned. One of the thirteenth cen- tury, at Didcot, and two of the fourteenth at Cumnor, are said by tradition to be of abbots of Abingdon, this is pro- bably true at Cumnor, which belonged to the abbey, and the abbots had a rectorial manor-house or grange there, but Didcot did not belong to the abbey, the figure has a mitre and a pastoral staff, which may apply either to a bishop or a mitred abbot. Of the fourteenth century there are also some slabs with floriated crosses at North Moreton, and eflSgies at Hatford, Wantage, and Sunning. At Sparsholt there are good effigies of wood under sepulchral recesses of this period. The series of tombs of the De la Beche family with their canopies, at Aldworth, is probably the finest in the kingdom in a mere parish church. Of the fifteenth century, there are fine tombs at Fyfield, and Englefield, and in St. George's chapel, Windsor. The brasses are numerous, the principal are at Blew- bury, Hanney, Stanford-in-the-Vale, Stanford Dingley, Streatly, Little Wittenham, Bray, St. Laurence's, Reading, Sunning, and Lambourne. The domestic edifices of the middle ages remaining in Berkshire are more numerous than usual in other counties. At Appleton and at Sutton Courtney there are doorways of the end of the twelfth century, and in both instance the walls of the houses appear to be chiefly of the same period, they are both rather small manor-houses, and neither of them appears to have been an ecclesiastical building. Of the thirteenth century, there is a small portion of the domestic buildings of Abingdon abbey, with a good fireplace and chimney, and the abbot's house or grange at Charney is so far perfect that the original plan may be distinctly traced INTRODUCTION TO BERKSHIRE, and the two wings are nearly entire, though a modern house has been built on the site of the old hall between them. Radcott Bridge and New Bridge appear also to belong to this period, they are interesting structures and tolerably per- fect. Of the fourteenth century, the rectorial manor-house at Sutton Courtney is nearly entire, and the hall with its fine timber roof and low side window, is very valuable. At Hurley, and at Bisham, there are some remains of priories of this period : the barn at Great Coxwell is a remark- ably fine specimen of the structures of this class, and superior to many of our modern churches : the room over the porch with a chimney of this period at Lambourne should perhaps be mentioned, as an instance of those habi- tations attached to churches concerning which considerable interest is felt. Of the fifteenth century are, the gate-house of Donnington castle, the manor-house at Little Sheff'ord, Ockwell's house, a house at Wallingford, the manor-house at Ey field, some portions of the remains of Abingdon abbey and of Hurley priory, a monastic chapel and a domestic chapel at East Hendred, and a portion of Shillingford castle, with some good chimneys. BOOKS EELATING TO THE ARCHITECTUEAL TOPOGRAPHY OP BERKSHIRE. Ashmole's Antiquities of Berkrhire, with Appendix of the Pedigrees of the most remarkable Families in the County, and a particular account of Windsor. 3 vols. 8vo. 1719. Magna Britannia, being a concise Topographical Account of the several Counties of Britain. New edition, edited by the Rev. D. Lysons and S. Lysons, Esq. Vol. I. Part 2. Berkshire. 4 to. 1813. The Beauties of England and Wales, or Delineations Topogra- phical and Descriptive of Berkshire. By S. Britton and E. W. Brayley, Esqrs. 8vo. 1801. The Journey Book of England. Part I. Berkshire. Including a full description of Windsor Castle. With 23 engravings on wood. Crown 8vo. 1840. A Topographical and Statistical Description of the County OF Berks. By G. A. Cooke. 1815. Berry's Pedigrees of the Families in Berkshire, Buckingham- shire, AND Surrey. Folio. 1837. Collections towards a Parochial History of Berkshire. By Edward Howe Mores. 4to. 1783. A Compendium of the Ancient and Present State of Berk- shire. By S. Tymms. Forming Vol. 4. of the Family Topographer. 8vo. 1837. Clarke's (W. N.) Parochial Topography of the Hundred of Wanting (Wantage), with other Records relating to the County of Berks. 4to. 1824. Hewitt's (William) History and Antiquities of the Hundred OF Compton, Berks. Being an account of the Parishes of Aldworth, Compton, East and West Ilsley, Chilton, Catmere, and Farnborough. With plates and maps. 8vo. 1844. ARCHITECTURAL BOOKS RELATING TO BERKSHIRE. The History of Faringdon, and the Neighbouring Towns and Seats in Berkshire. 8vo. 1798. An Account of the Parish of Great Coxwell, Berks. By Edward Ro we Mores. 4to. 1783. The History and Antiquities of Newbury, and its Environs, published in Numbers at Speenhamland. 8vo. 1842. WINDSOR. Pote*s (Joseph) History and Antiquities of Windsor Castle, AND the Royal College and Chapel of St. George. 4to. 1749. Nash's Views of the Interior and Exterior of St. George's Chapel, Windsor, with an Historical and Descriptive Account. Folio. 1805. Hakewill's (James) History of Windsor and its Neighbour- hood. 4to. 1813. Illustrations of Windsor Castle, by Sir Jeffry Wyatville, R.A. F.R.S., with an Historical Essay by Ambrose Poynter, Esq. 2 vols, imperial folio, with 40 plates and numerous woodcuts. 1840-1. Architectural Illustrations of Windsor Castle. By Michael Gandy and Benjamin Baud, Architects. With a concise Historical and Architectural account of that edifice, by John Britton, Esq., F.S.A. 42 plates, royal folio. 1842. An Account of the Restoration of the Collegiate Chapel of St. George, Windsor, with some particulars of the Heraldic Orna- ments of that edifice, by Thomas Willement, F.S.A. 4to. 1844. READING. CoATEs' (Rev. C.) History and Antiquities of Reading, with a Supplement. 2 vols, royal 4to. 1802-10. The Ancient and Modern History and Antiquities of the Borough of Reading. By John Man. 4to. 1816. The Environs of Reading. 2 Parts. 8vo. BERKSHIRE, Beanerp of gCbmglron. 1 .^* Abingdon, SL Helen. A large church, part of which has five divisions, or what is called in foreign churches five naves, that is, an additional aisle on each side ; it is mostly P. RiCKMAN. The tower is E. E., with a good doorway at the west end of the south aisle ; the spire is octagonal, P. The nave has a plaster ceiling with wooden ribs of P. work, the portion over the altar platform having an ornamental pattern upon it : the north aisle has a rich timber ceiling, this was probably our Lady's aisle, which was ceiled at the expense of Nicholas Gould, one of the fraternity of the Holy Cross, and his wife Amy, in the reign of Henry VI. The second north aisle has good two-light P. windows ; the two end windows are fine large P., with niches. The south aisles are rather later, but of the same character ; one was built in 1539 for the use of a guild. The porch is P., with good doorway and niches. In this church are the brass of Geffrey Barbour, 1417, a great benefactor to the town, removed from the abbey after the dissolution ; and a high tomb to John Royse, founder of the grammar school, 1571. i.h.p. 2. Abingdon, St. Nicholas. This small church has a good doorway of late N. character, but much mutilated, the rest of the church mostly P. rickman. Attached to the north side of the tower is a singular square stair-turret of larger dimensions than usual, with a gabled roof and a small triangular window in the gable. An open timber B BERKSHIRE, roof, of good character, has lately been put on the chan- cel. I.H.P. Abingdon abbey gate-house, though much mutilated, has a sufficient portion remaining to deserve examination ; it is of P. date, and good composition, r. There are a few- other remains of the abbey, among which are an E. E. fire- place, and chimney of good character, also another portion of P. work, with some good tall chimneys, i.h.p. A view of St. Nicholas church and the abbey gate is given in Britton's Architectural Antiquities, vol. i. ; one of the abbey fire-place, &c., in Lysons, and an engraving of an E. E. chimney in the Glossary of Architecture. 3. Drayton, St. Peter. A church of mixed styles, with P. tower, and E. E. chancel; E. E. south chapel, and P. north aisle. The chancel has N. walls, and small N. win- dows on the north side, these are square-headed loops, widely splayed; at the east end is a good triplet, under one arch, with bold mouldings. The south chapel has a very good double E. E. piscina, a trefoil-headed locker, and iron-work on the door of the same date. The rood-loft, with its groining and painting, is nearly perfect on both sides, but has a modern front and is used as a gallery. There is an E. E. piscina in the aisle, and a good P. stair- turret on the south side of the tower. The font is plain, round : the poor's-box is Elizabethan, a double one, stand- ing on a plain post. There are the remains of a reredos of very beautiful sculpture in alabaster, with the painting and gilding nearly perfect, which were dug up in the chancel a few years since, and are now kept in the parish chest ; they consist of five groups relating to the history of Christ. I.H.P. The locker is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture, and the poor's-box in Barr's Anglican Church Architecture. 4. Appleton, St. Laurence. This church is divided into two equal parts by a row of arches, pointed. Transition DEANERY OF ABINGDON. N., with good sculptured capitals. The tower and other parts are late P. The porch has an original stone roof, and a stoup. There is a small brass of a skeleton in a shroud, to John Goodryngton, 1518, and a fine Elizabethan tomb to Sir John Fettiplace, 1593. i.h.p. Near the church are the remains of a N. manor-house, with a good Transition N. doorway : it is moated and there are two other moated houses within a quarter of a mile of each other, i.h.p. A pUlar from the church is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture, and the doorway of the manor-house in Lysons. 5. TuBNET, St. Laurence. Modern, the old church having been long destroyed, the present one was built in 1846, in a more convenient situation. The architect was Mr. A. W. Pugin. 6. ^"Ardington, Holy Trinity. Chancel with side chapels, nave with a south aisle, tower on the north side. The chancel has E. E. walls, and the original windows on the south side, but the east and north windows are P. in- sertions : there is an E. E. piscina, and a bracket with foliage ; the chancel-arch is fine E. E. The south chapel is plain, with a good squint blocked up by a modern tomb ; the north chapel has been rebuilt, but an E. E. piscina, and a squint with trefoiled arches, and the reredos of an altar with good panels are original. The nave has three good E. E. arches on the south side, with a curious little Transition N. piscina in the eastern pier ; the roof is D., but partly modern restoration. The font is D., octagonal, quite plain, excepting a row of fine ball-flowers round the stem: the seats are modern, but open and good. The north doorway is fine E. E. round-headed, with a porch of the same style, having a trefoiled outer arch. The south doorway is good D., with the ball-flower and foliage on the mouldings, i.h.p. BERKSHIRE, 7. AsHBURY, St. Mary. A large churcli, consisting of chancel, nave, aisles, transepts, and west tower. The chancel is D., with good side windows of two-lights, a plain east window, and a piscina with a trefoiled arch : the roof and chancel-arch are modern. The nave is P., with four arches on each side, having clustered pillars and moulded caps ; the roof is P., the timbers well moulded, but the upper part plastered over. The transepts are both D. The north aisle has D. windows inserted in earlier walls, and there are remains of a N. respond at the west end of this and the opposite row of P. arches. The south aisle has P. windows, and a good N. doorway, with rich zig-zag and other ornament : there is a remarkable squint, filled with D. tracery, between the south transept and the south aisle. The north porch is P., with a good fan-tracery vault, and a fine boss in the centre ; it has a room over it. The tower is E. E. There is an early massive oak chest, quite plain, and in the chancel a good brass to a priest, 1448 ; a smaller one of a demi-figure, and an inscription. The font is good P., octagonal, panelled. In 1794 a pair of ancient pricket altar candlesticks were found in the old chest ; they are of mixed metal, ornamented with gilding and enamel, i.h.p. An engraving of one of the candlesticks is given in the Archseologia, vol. XV. pi. 37. p. 40. 8. Aston Tirrold, St. Michael. A small chapel, con- sisting of nave and chancel, the doorway of the nave has a plain circular arch, and a P. wooden porch. The east window is square-headed, P. a.n. 9. Besselsleigh, St. Laurence. A small long church without aisles. The chancel is divided from the nave by a wooden screen of the time of James I. ; the chancel-arch being destroyed. The east and west windows are early D., each of three fights, with trefoil heads, without tracery, but the DEANERY OF ABINGDON. east window has an elegant inner arch of a cinquefoil form. The sedilia are formed in the sill of the south-east window; there is a small N. piscina under a D. recess, with a tre- foiled arch ; the rood stair-turret remains on the north side. The side walls are remarkably low, with square- headed P. windows ; there is a bell-gable for two bells at the west end. The doorway is plain, and the door has some D. iron- work upon it; there is a timber porch of fair Jacobean character, i.h.p. 10. i^° Blewbury, St. Michael. Chancel, with south aisle; nave, with aisles ; north and south porches, and west tower. The chancel, with its south aisle, is Transition N., vaulted, some of the original windows remain, and a small round opening in the east gable ; there are several good D. insertions. The arches and vault which supported the central tower also remain, the original Transition N. tower having been destroyed ; there is a squint on each side of the chancel-arch, the south one good P., with foHated head ; that on the north side is square, probably original. The panelled P. wooden door to the rood-loft stairs re- mains. The south aisle is Transition N., and separated from the nave by five arches of the same date, the two western ones being different from the others. The arches on the north side are D., the north aisle has Transition N. walls, but the windows are all D. There are two wooden chests, one plain E. E., the other apparently D., with good iron straps and locks. The north and south porches are of carved open timber, the south door has fine E. E. iron-work. The font is octagonal, P. panelled. There are eight ancient brasses, and a slab with an effigy of D. work almost effaced; and in the church-yard a tomb, with two effigies almost de- stroyed. The present tower is at the west end, and is P., with pinnacles and an open parapet, i.h.p. 11. AsTON Upthorpe, ^// /S(3'^V^^5. Tower P. The south BERKSHIRE, door of the nave plain N.; there is a south transept, which, with the nave and chancel, are principally D.; in the chancel is an E. E. low side window, and a priest's door. The east window has two lights, with a circle over them, and is round- headed. The font is rude massive N., the pulpit late P. a.n. 12. Upton, jSL Mary. A small N. chapel of early character, the walls thick, with small loop windows. The chancel-arch small, plain, round, with flat soffit, the imposts have the star ornament. The font is plain, round. The door- way round-headed, with zig-zag moulding, partly covered by a modern square door ; one of the windows also has the zig-zag ornament on the exterior, i.h.p. 13. 0"BucKLAND, St. Mary. A fine cruciform church, mostly E. E., with a tower at the intersection. The chan- cel is E. E., with sedilia and piscina, having trefoiled heads richly moulded, very perfect ; in the south wall is a good sepulchral recess, and on the north side another; the roof is early P. The tower-arches are fine E. E. The end window of the south transept is of three lights, with a flat four-centred arch, but good E. E. work. The walls of the nave and the north and south doorways are N. The font is good D. The tracery has been cut out of nearly all the windows. The roofs of the transepts are of plain open tim- ber of good early character. One of the doors has the origi- nal iron-work. The tower is low and massive, with two lancet windows in each face, and a P. battlement. In the north transept, which is the burying place of the Throck- morton family, is a good Elizabethan brass, 1578. A small parish library is attached to the church, i.h.p. 14. BuscoTT, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, west tower. The chancel is good E. E. ; the windows all lancets, and the east window a single lancet ; the side windows have foliated arches ; within these are two piscinas on the south side both E. E., one on each side of the window, the sill of DEANERY OF ABINGDON. which serves for the sedilia. The chancel-arch is goqd Transition N., with two shafts on each side having foHated caps, the arch is ornamented with zig-zag moulding. The nave has one lancet window, the others are P. The tower is P., with a good arch ; the south doorway and porch are of the same date, i.h.p. 15. ^" Childrey, SL Mary, A cruciform church of mixed styles with a P. tower at the west end. The chancel has D. sedilia and side windows, but the east window is a P. insertion : on the north side is a small P. recess, with a rich canopy, probably the Easter sepulchre. In the north transept is the effigy of a cross-legged knight, (14th cen- tury,) under a richly ornamented ogee arch ; a singular pis- cina, and a squint to the high altar. By the side of the south transept is a curious small stone pulpit projecting from the wall, with the entrance behind. The south doorway is E. E., with good tooth moulding. The font is remark- able, having a cii'cular base of stone, the upper part lead, with twelve small figures of bishops with mitres, a crozier in one hand, and a book in the other ; it seems to be E. E. and all of one date. Some old painted glass, brasses and tiles, remain, i.h.p. The font is engraved in Lysons. One of the brasses, William Fyndem, 1444, is engraved in Waller's Brasses. In Relton's Sketches of Churches there are engravings of the south-east view of this church, a monument and three brasses. 16. Chilton, All Saints. Chancel, nave, west tower. The chancel windows are D., with a Transition D. east window, they are probably insertions in an earlier wall which seems N. ; the chancel-arch is plain Transition N. ; the doorways and nave-arches are also of the same charac- ter. The font is plain octagonal. The tower is modern, bad, with an open battlement, i.h.p. 17. CoLESHiLL, All Saints, Chancel, nave, aisles, west BERKSHIRE, tower. The chancel is modern m the D. style. The north side of the nave has two E. E. arches, recessed and cham- fered, on round pillars with moulded caps, and a trefoil- headed piscina in the east respond ; on the south side, the arches are Transition N. The tower is good P., with para- pet and pinnacles. The font is plain, round, E. E. ; there is a good hour-glass stand quite perfect in its original posi- tion near the pulpit. Near the church the shaft and steps of the village cross remain, i.e. p. 18. g^ CuMNOR, St. Michael. Of mixed styles, consist- ing of chancel, nave, north aisle, south chapel, and west tower. The walls are Transition N. with various insertions of later date. The tower is almost E. E., but has a round-headed west doorway, and the tower-arch is a fine example of late Transition, with E.E. mouldings, but N. capitals to the shafts. The chancel has D. windows inserted on the south side, and the east window is good D., of three lights, with flowing tracery ; one of the original late N. windows remains on the north side, and has the billet ornament in the moulding round the inner edge ; the chancel-arch is Transition N. supported on two fine corbels with good E. E. foliage ; in the chancel are some good wooden stall-desks, with poppies, one of them ornamented with the emblems of the crucifixion; and a fine EHzabethan monument with brasses to Anthony Eorster. In the south chapel are two sepulchral recesses with pointed arches, under which are tombs with crosses flory, said to have been of abbots of Abingdon : it has two good D. windows, and a D. piscina, and two bracket heads for lights, on each side of the east window, under which has been an altar. The nave has three E. E. arches on the north side, one pier round, the other octagonal, with moulded capitals ; on the south side of the nave is part of a N. corbel-table remaining in its original position, with the clerestory added above it. The north aisle has D. windows, DEANERY OF ABINGDON. and the doorway has good mouldings of that style ; at the east end is an elegant piscina, with tracery in its arch, and there are some good open seats with poppies. The roofs of the nave and aisles are P. of plain open timber, supported on N. corbels, i.h.p. There is a view of this church engraved by G. Hollis, in the Gent. Mag. for Dec. 1821. AD. piscina is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture. Cumnor hall, of which there is an engraving in Lysons, has since been de- stroyed, and the materials used in rebuilding Wytham church : there is also an engraving of the windows, doorway, &c., in the Gent. Mag. for Sept. 1821. 19. CoMPTON Beauchamp, St. Swit/iin. A cruciform church, with tower at the west end. The chancel is D., the east window of three lights, with flowing tracery, and some original painted glass in the head ; two of the side windows are D., there is one small lancet on the north side, and on the south a low side window, with a good iron stancheon ; there is a pillar piscina with a square basin, having good D. mouldings to the cap and base. The transept-arches are small plain D., the north transept is of the same date, the south transept is modernized. The nave is P., with plain north and south doorw^ays, the tower-arch is small E. E., the tower small, square, with a pyramidal roof. The font is good P., octagonal, panelled : there are several good tiles in the chancel, i.h.p. 20. Coxwell, Great, St. Giles. The chancel is E. E. ; the side windows, lancets, blocked up ; the east window of three lights with trefoiled heads, under an arch within forming a hood; under this window is a trefoil-headed recess, and on each side a niche ; there is a cinquefoiled piscina with a stone shelf, and round the walls of the chan- cel on each side is a stone bench, returned at the west end : the chancel-arch is small, with corbelled shafts, late E. E. On the north side of the nave is a very good D. two-light window, with a foliated hood within, the rest of the windows are D. and P. ; the doorway is D., with a c BERKSHIRE, good oak panelled door, the porch is of rude timber-work but early. The tower is square, plain P. with an early D. window built in : a plain good E. E. sanctus bell-cot over the chancel-arch is still in use : and there are two brasses, c. 1500, one to William JUtorgs, sutjim farmer of OTol^Bstodl. At some distance from the church is a good D. barn, with a large entrance on the western side, and a smaller one on the eastern. The work is very plain, the windows being merely slits with flat heads ; the doorways have a few characteristic mouldings : there are remains of crosses on the gables ; the roof is original, plain open timber carried partly upon two rows of wooden pillars, resting on stone plinths. i.H.p. 21. Denchworth, SL James. Chancel, nave, north and south chapels, tower on north side. The chancel is P., in the centre stands the font, which is good P. with attached shafts ; the sedilia are formed in the sill of the south-east window ; the chancel-arch is late D., with moulded im- posts, and is much shaken by settlement. A chapel on the north side used as a vestry, has a good squint through a pier from a chapel beyond. The nave has P. windows, and a late roof; on the north side an E. E. arch with moulded caps opens into a small chapel ; on the south side is a D. arch to another chapel : the south doorway is good N. The tower is apparently E. E. at the base, the upper part poor P., the buttresses are plain E. E. There are several brasses to the Hyde family, and their arms occur in various parts of the church. There is the base of a cross in the church-yard, and another in the village, i.e. p. 22. Did COT, All Saints. Chancel, nave, south aisle, wooden bell-cot at west end of the aisle. The north side of the chancel has two D. windows, the south two late P., the arch is destroyed, but the D. responds remain. The nave has three E. E. arches, early in the style on the south side, DEANERY OF ABINGDON opening into a D. aisle, with good windows, in which, un- der a sepulchral arch, is an effigy of a bishop or mitred abbot of the thirteenth century : this is conjectured to be the first of the mitred abbots of Abingdon, c. 1268. Over the chancel-arch are the arms of William and Mary, with some ornamental painting ; there is a small D. window of two lights in the east gable of the nave, above the screen. The font is plain, round, E. E. An old wooden chest, some tiles, and some painted glass remain, and at the west end of the south aisle is some wooden fi-ame-work to carry the bells, of early character, probably D. In the church- yard is the base of a cross, and a very fine yew-tree, i.h.p. 23. Eaton Hastings, St. Michael. A small E. E. church, consisting of chancel, nave, and very small bell- cot upon the west gable. The chancel has a D. east win- dow, of three lights ; the side windows are single lancets, well splayed : the sedile is a stone bench, with an arch over it, carried on two short pillars, with very good E. E. caps resting on corbel-heads, in the east jamb of which is a trefoil-headed piscina splayed obliquely : the chancel-arch is good Transition N., with the star moulding on the imposts ; the roof is plain open timber. Tlie north side of the nave is N., and has small N. windows ; the south side is E. E., but has N. arches in the wall, which seem to indicate that an earlier aisle has been removed : the inner arches of the E. E. windows are foliated ; the west window is good D., the south doorway is E. E., with a trefoiled arch well moulded, and foliated within; on the south side of the nave is a trefoiled sepulchral recess. The font is massive N., octagonal, w^ith billet mouldings, it has a round plinth, but the stem seems to have been added. In the chancel are several tiles, some of which are blue and yellow, i.h.p. 24. Fyfield, 8t. John Baptist. Chancel, nave with aisles, and west tower. The chancel is good, D., the east window BERKSHIRE, of four lights with flowing tracery ; the side windows of two lights D. ; the sedilia plain, but elegant, with a rich piscina also D. ; the east end has a rich P. cornice to the reredos, and a P. credence-table : on the north side is a fine P. tomb, with arch and canopy, with Tudor flowers, the old painting partly remaining : the cornice on both sides is filled with ball-flowers, but the roof is of modern plaster. On the north side of the nave is a P. aisle, with four arches on plain octagonal pillars, the eastern part of this aisle is parted off" by a good P. screen, and forms a chantry chapel, in which is a fine monument of Sir John Golafre, 1442, a figure in armour above, and a skeleton beneath ; the stalls and poppies perfect. The font is octagonal, the base orna- mented with fleurs-de-lis, D. On the south side is a small plain P. chapel. The west doorway is good E.E., round- headed, with bold mouldings and shafts, and caps of stiff"- leaved foliage. The tower modern, very bad. i.h.p. The credence and piscina, and the screen are engraved in the Glossary of Architecture. Near the church is part of an old manor-house, with a good porch, and two arched D. doorways ; the inner door- way has the ball-flower moulding. In the hall, on the west side, are two small D. archways. 25. Pawley, Great. An E. E. tower. The body of the church, and the chancel, wholly rebuilt in modern times. The nave fitted up in the college chapel manner, and most probably arranged by Sir Christopher Wren, who built Fawley Court, b.f. 26 . J^^Earingdon, All Saints. A large cruciform church, of mixed styles, but principally E.E., with a low massive tower at the intersection. The chancel is fine E.E., with lancet windows, and a very good open cradle roof, early P. ; the sedilia and piscina fine E. E. The tower-arches are good E. E., with rich mouldings and capitals of stiff-leaf DEANERY OF ABINGDON. foliage. The arches of the nave are semicircular, but with E. E. mouldings and foliated capitals. *The north transept has portions of Transition N. work, and a chapel on the west side with a beautiful D. window of four lights, having flowing tracery. This was the chapel of theUnton family, and contains several tombs, and a brass of Sir Alexander Unton and lady, 1547. On the north side of the nave is a small N. doorway, with embattled and zig-zag mouldings. The south porch is very good E.E., with a door of the same date, having very fine old iron-work. The tower is Transition N. There is a low side window on the south side of the chancel, the western lancet window being carried down three feet lower than the others, under which runs the E. E. string- course. There are several other tombs and brasses in this church. i.H.p. Radcott bridge in this parish is a very early structure, apparently of the thirteenth century. Engravings of the roof, the D. window, and the iron-work, are given in the Glossary of Architecture ; the south doorway is engraved in the fifth edition of Hickman, and the sedilia in Lysons. 27. Cox WELL, Little, St. Mary. A small church, with- out aisles, with a good bell-cot over the chancel-arch. The walls are all N., as are also the doorways of the nave and chancel : the east window is square and late, with a P. niche on each side : there is a small D. piscina, and a D. window of two lights over it : the chancel-arch is small, Transition N., with a double bell-cot over it of the same date, having a pierced quatrefoil in the head ; on the south side of the chancel-arch is a small square recess, which seems to have been an opening through the wall ; there is a very good P. rood-screen, with doors. The nave has D. and P. windows ; the roof is very good D., with the tie-beams chamfered, and cinquefoiled arches to the prin- cipals. The porch is P., and has a small niche on the east BERKSHIRE, side. The font is plain octagon, cup-shaped. Transition N., there is a stoup niche, just inside the south door. The pulpit is Jacobean, with hangings and a cushion of faded green velvet, richly embroidered, Elizabethan, of very beautiful workmanship : near it is a remarkably perfect hour-glass stand, ornamented with a spread-eagle, i.h.p. 28. LiTTLEWORTH, St. Mary. Modern, 1836. 29. Hagbourn, St. Andrew. Chancel with aisles, nave with aisles, west tower. The chancel is E.E., with a locker and a trefoiled piscina ; on the south side are two Transition N. arches : the east window is large P., of cinquefoiled lights ; the roof P., open timber, and a P. clerestory. The north aisle of the chancel is D., with some painted glass, and a good D. piscina. The south aisle of the chancel is P., with a good piscina and a squint. The staircase to the rood-loft remains perfect, with the original door. The chancel-arch is Transition N., with fine corbels ; the lower part of a P. rood-screen remains, with the doors perfect, having the linen panelling. The north side of the nave has three E. E. arches, the south side three of Transition N. cha- racter, with round pillars : the roof is P., open timber, flat ; the clerestory late P. The north aisle of the nave is D., having a door of the same date, with the original iron-work very good ; the south aisle is P. ; the tower-arch is E. E. ; the tower itself good P., with a stair turret, and a good P. sanctus bell-cot, erected on the top, with canopy and pin- nacles, and a little bell still in use. The pulpit is good P., of wood ; the font is also good P., octagonal, panelled. A brass inscription to John York, founder of an aisle 1413, seems to have been moved from the south to the north aisle. In the capital of the south-western pillar, over the font, is a very small P. niche, for the chrismatory. ? The village cross remains almost perfect, on lofty steps ; it is now used as a sun-dial, i.h.p. DEANERY OF ABINGDON. 30. Hanney, St. James. A fine cross church, with south aisle to the nave. The chancel is late and poor P., the chancel-arch E. E., very acute, with good corbel shafts : there is a good squint on the south side. The south tran- sept is E. E., with a trefoiled piscina, and some quarries in the east windows ; there is also part of a good P. rood- screen. The north transept is under the tower ; the arch opening to the nave is Transition N. ; its east window is good D. ; the piscina near it of the same date. The nave has four D. arches on the south side; one of the pillars is plain, massive, round, N., the others appear to have been similar but are now mutilated. The south aisle is D., with square-headed windows, and a rich panelled parapet on the exterior. The north porch is E. E., with a well-moulded door- way : the north doorway is good N. ; the south doorway D. The upper portion of the tower is P. ; the lower part Tran- sition N. There are some fine brasses, one of John Seys, priest, c. 1370, a cross, with a small figure of a priest in a chasuble. The roof of the nave is late P. t.h.p. 31. Lyford, All Saints.? A small E.E. chapel, con- sisting of nave and chancel, with a wooden bell-cot at the west end. There are low side windows on both sides of the chancel : that on the south side has the iron-work and the wooden shutter with its hinges remaining ; that on the north side has a trefoiled head ; both are blocked up. There is a good E. E. piscina, with carved basin projecting, and a stone shelf : in the north wall is a locker the arch of which is a square-headed trefoil. The bell-cot is carried on an early wooden frame of four chamfered posts, with braces, forming alternately ogee and pointed arches. The font is plain E. E., octagonal, cup-shaped. There are some good plain open seats, and part of the rood-screen remains ; the pulpit is Jacobean : the chancel-arch is destroyed, i.h.p. 32. Harwell, St. Matthew. A fine church; cruciform. BERKSHIRE, with aisles to the nave, and a west tower. The chancel is good D. ; the east window of five lights, with rather sin- gular tracery ; the side windows have some D. painted glass ; there are two sediUa and a good D. double piscina : the two western windows are lower than the others : the roof is plastered, but D. tie-beams and king-posts, with moulded caps and bases remain : the chancel-arch is D. : the rood-screen good, the shafts being D., the upper part P. The transepts are plain E. E., with lancet windows, and plain E. E. arches. The font plain E. E. The nave has three Transition N. arches on each side : the north aisle is D., with an E. E. door ; the south aisle E. E. : the doors retain their original iron -work. The tower is good E. E., with a stair-turret at the north-east angle ; there is a bell-cot at the top, apparently P., with a little bell. The base of a cross remains in the church-yard, i.h.p. There is a south-east view of the Church in Relton's Sketches. 33. Hatford, St James. A small mixed church, mostly E. E., with a N. doorway and chancel-arch. There is a curious E. E. font, round, with detached shafts ; a D. sepul- chral recess, with a good figure of a priest, and a modern bell-turret on the west gable, i.h.p. The figure is engraved in Hollis's Monumental Effigies. 34. Hendred, East, St. Augustine. A mixed church, con- sisting of a chancel, with a south chapel, a nave with aisles, and a west tower. The chancel is Transition from D. to P., with windows of that character ; there is a good piscina, and an open timber roof of four cants, with the portion over the altar ceiled in squares, with ribs and bosses : the chancel- arch is destroyed, but the shafts remain in the jambs. The nave has four arches on each side, which are Transition N., with good caps of foliage : the roof is open timber D., canted with a piece of P. ceiling over the rood-loft : the DEANERY OF ABINGDON. clerestory is D. ; the windows spherical triangles, foliated, those over the rood-loft P. On the north side is a D. chapel; on the south a P. one, the roof of which is supported in the centre by a pillar without an arch ; it is the burial- place of the Eyston family; the south porch is joined to the west end of this chapel : the north aisle is D. ; the tower P., with an open parapet. Near to the chancel-arch is a brass, with merchants' marks at the corners, partially mutilated, to Henry and Roger Eldysley qnUm inratores i%tV bille, 1439, and in the south transept an inscription to William Whitwey * pannarm' et lanarf 1479. In the village of East Hendred are two chapels, one attached to the house of Mr. Eyston, and still used by the family, the east window of which is D., and there are two lancet side windows, but the rest is modernized. The other, which belonged to a Carthusian monastery, has long been desecrated : it is P. ; the east window of three lights re- mains, though mutilated ; within are the brackets for the altar aild a piscina, also a screen reaching from the floor to the roof, the eastern part having been open to the roof, and the western part divided by a floor. In another part of the village is a half timber house, with good P. barge-boards panelled, i.h.p. There are five tiles from this church engraved in Church's Patterns of Inlaid Tiles. 35. HiNKSEY, North, or Ferry, St. Laurence. A small plain church of mixed styles, with an E. E. tower at the west end with a pyramidal roof. There is a good N. door- way to the nave ; and a N. low side window, on the south side of the chancel ; on the north side of the chancel-arch is a good N. arched recess, with zig-zag moulding, which pro- bably was originally open through the wall, and used as a squint. The chancel-arch itself has lately been rebuilt and BERKSHIRE, enlarged. In the churchyard are the steps and shaft of a cross. i.H.p. The squint is engraved in the ArchsBologicalJournal, vol. iii. p. 301, and the low side window in vol. iv. p. 315. Specimens of the N. mouldings are given in the Glossary of Architecture. There is a view of the church and church- yard cross by G. HoUis in the Gent's. Mag. for May 1817. 36. HiNKSEY, South, St, John. Chiefly late and poor P., consisting of chancel, nave, and west tower, without any remarkable features, but a good plain open timber roof. The chancel rebuilt in the eighteenth century, i.h.p. 37. WooTTON, SL Feter. A late and poor P. church much modernized, i.h.p. 38. Hendred, West, Holy Trinity. A mixed church, consisting of chancel, nave, aisles, and west tower. The chancel is D., with original windows and door, piscina and bracket ; the roof is plastered, the buttresses very good, with tall pyramidal heads : there is a D. low side window on the north side : the chancel-arch D. chamfered, with moulded imposts \ there are fragments of the rood-screen, a number of old tiles, (see Church's Examples from the Diocese of Oxford,) and a plain chest which seems to be D. The nave has three D. arches on each side, the roof is plastered. The north aisle is D., and also has brackets, and the altar slab now forms part of the floor. The south aisle is P., with a piscina and brackets : the south doorway and porch are plain P., with a stone vault and ribs. The west tower is P., with a D. west window built in. i.h.p. 39. HiNTON Walridge, Bt. Margaret. A small cruci- form church, with a tower at the west end. The chancel has E. E. walls, with one lancet remaining on the north side, and a small doorway on the south, the other windows are P. insertions : the chancel-arch is good E. E. spring- ing from corbels, one of which is a fine bold mask, the other has been cut away. The south transept or chapel DEANERY OF ABINGDON. has a three-light lancet window under one arch, within, springing from singular corbels, and an E.E. piscina, with a square basin ; the arch from the nave is small plain E. E. The north transept is similar to the south. The nave is D., with a P. clerestory and roof: the south doorway is D., with a square stoup on the east side. The tower is good D., and has a battlement with small heads on the merlons, i.h.p. 40. Kingston Bagpuze, Si. John Baptist, rebuilt about 1802. E.B. In this parish is New Bridge, a structure of the thir- teenth century in tolerable preservation. 41. Letcombe Basset, All Saints. A small church with a west tower. The chancel is E. E., the east window of two lights, with a foliated circle in the head; the side windows small, of two lights ; on the north side is a N. doorway blocked up for a fire-place ; the chancel-arch is small plain N. The nave has some D. and some P. win- dows ; the roof has tie-beams and curious corbels, with a sort of square shield on the face of them, bearing a cross ; the doorways north and south are E. E. The tower is square, built of brick, with stone quoins, and dressings of E. E. cha- racter. The font is plain, round, E. E. i.h.p. 42. Letcombe Regis, St. Andrew. Chancel, nave, west tower. The chancel has D. walls, with a small doorway and piscina of that style : the windows are all late P. in- sertions; the east window has the original painted glass nearly perfect; the chancel-arch is late P., wide and flat. The nave has two tiers of small windows, mostly P., square- headed, the doorways are D., the northern one has a stoup by the side. The tower-arch is Transition N. and the lower part of the tower is of the same period with a P. story added ; in the tower is a good E. E. window, with an octagon shaft. The font is plain round N., with the scallop ornament round the rim : there are some good old seats with carved ends, i.h.p. BERKSHIRE, On the downs near Letcombe is an extensive earth-work called Letcombe Castle, supposed to have been a British town ; the enclosure is almost circular, and contains about twenty-six acres, protected by a double vallum. 43. Challow, East, St. Nicholas. Chancel, nave, south aisle. The east window is D., of three lights, with flowing tracery, the side windows square-headed of two lights ; the chancel-arch is E. E., with shafts. The nave has on the south side three good E. E. arches ; the aisle is modern ; the south doorway is good late N. ; the west doorway is Transition N., with a segmental head, and an E. E. stoup on the south side. On the east gable of the nave is a pretty D. cross ; on the west gable is an E. E. bell-cot, with two bells ; under this is a P. window inserted. The font is plain, round, i.h.p. 44. Challow, West, St. Laurence. Nave, north porch, and chancel. The north doorway is circular-headed Tran- sition N., the west gable has a double D. bell-cot, below which is a D. window, the porch is P., of wood, the chancel is also P., and has a rood-screen of the same date. a.n. 45. LocKiNGE, All Saints. Chancel and nave, with a south aisle to both, and a small west tower. The chancel is D. with a good east window, square-headed side win- dows, and a moulded tie-beam to the roof of the same period : and a good chancel-arch with moulded imposts ; on the north side of the arch is a recess, with an ogee head cinquefoiled, on the south side is the half of a simi- lar recess cut off by the wall : these were probably squints, blocked up. The nave has late square-headed windows, and a plaster ceiling; the north doorway is good N., with shafts; the south doorway is D., both the wooden doors have very fine D. iron-work. The tower is late P., and has the date of 1564. The south aisle has a D. east window, a Transition N. arch, and a good squint of the same pe- DEANERY OF ABINGDON. riod opening to the chancel, but the west window and the other arches are late P. In the vestry is a plain round N. font, and an E. E. chest, with its original iron-work, i.h.p. Two tiles are engraved in Church's Patterns of Inlaid Tiles. 46. LoNGWORTH, SL Mary. Chancel, nave, aisles, and west tower. The chancel is late P. : the chancel-arch is E.E., very much of the horse-shoe form from a settlement on the north side, it has octagon shafts, with moulded caps. The nave has on the north side three Transition N. arches, springing from corbels on massive square piers, having hoodmoulds of early character, with singular terminations ; on the south side are three E. E. arches on plain round pillars, the hoodmoulds similar to those on the north side, but terminated by heads ; the clerestory and roofs late and bad P. The tower-arches are good P., all three open to the church and aisles. The south aisle is D., the windows of two lights, with a quatrefoil in the head ; the north aisle is also D., but has square P. windows inserted, it has a D. arch across it. The south doorway and porch are plain E. E., but there is a P. roof and battlement to the porch. The font is plain round E. E. The tower plain good P. i.h.p. 47. Charney, St. Peter. Chancel, nave, north aisle, Jacobean double bell-cot of stone. The chancel has a P. east window, and an E. E. window of two lights trefoiled on the south side ; on the north side is a N. doorway, with a very richly sculptured tympanum, it is supported on cor- bels inwards, forming a square-headed trefoil ; the chancel- arch is N., segmental, recessed, and chamfered, with plain massive N. imposts. The nave has Transition D. windows, and one P. ; the south doorway is N., very good, with a singular ornament round the arch : the roof is P., of low pitch. The font is plain, E. E., cup-shaped, octagonal ; the pulpit is P., of wood, on a stem. There is a Jacobean rood- screen in the chancel, and some fragments of P. glass, i.h.p. BERKSHIRE, In Charney parish, close adjoining to the church on the north side, is a chapel, attached to a house, now used as a granary. It is E. E., and has an east window of two lights, a trefoiled piscina, and a square locker : westward of this is a chamber with original windows, and an open timber roof of the same period, the end of the thirteenth century. Under these are other rooms of plain character, they formed the southern wing of the house, the northern wing of which is partly of the same period. This house is supposed to have been a grange belonging to the abbey of Abingdon, i.h.p. The N. tympanum and the doorway are engraved in Lysons : and there are views, plan, and details of the house in the Archseol. Journal, vol. v. 48. March AM, All Saints. Lately rebuilt, and the arches which divided it into two equal parts removed. The P. tower and doorway have been preserved, i.h.p. The doorway is engraved in the Glossary of Architecture. 49. Garford, St. Michael. A small plain E. E. chapel with a wooden bell-cot at the west end, the roof is ancient, plain, but good, probably D. ; there is a good D. barge- board to the porch, the door has E. E. iron-work, con- sisting of good straps and scutcheon ; part of the rood- loft remains, and an hour-glass stand. The font is octa- gonal, plain, and has the date 1734. i.h.p. 50. Milton, St. Blaize. A small church, tower, chan- cel, nave, with one aisle on the north side rebuilt of brick, the D. square-headed windows have been preserved and built in. The tower is at the west end, the lower part D. with two D. two-light windows, the upper part appears to be P., very plain. The chancel has late P. square-headed windows : the ceiling has good wooden ribs. The nave on the south side has two D. square-headed windows foliated, rather good. The porch is late and bad. i.h.p. DEANERY OF ABINGDON. 51.i^"MoRETON, North, All Saints. Chancel, nave, south aisles to both, and west tower. The chancel is early D., the east window of three lights with geometrical tracery in the head, on the north side two plain windows of two lights under one arch, early D., on the south side two small E. E. arches, and another window of two lights unglazed, opening into a fine and rich D. chapel, which has some good early D. glass, and some fine though mutilated monu- ments with floriated crosses, and one having a Lombardic inscription. In this chapel, in the sill of the south-east win- dow, is a good example of an angle-piscina, having a shaft at the angle with small open arches from it each way, enriched with the ball-flower. The nave has D. windows and arches, and a roof of the same date ; the arch between the south aisle and chapel is E. E. with foliated caps. The tower is P. with bold open parapet. The font plain, round, with D. base. Some P. wood-work remains in the chancel, and in the south aisle a brass to Thomas Mayne, ♦Yoman.' 1479. T.H.p. The piscina is eugmved in Rickman, p. 166, and in the Cambridge Brasses, and one of the tiles in Church's Specimens of Inlaid Tiles. 52. MoRETON, South, St. John. This church consists of two parallel aisles of nearly equal length, with four Transition N. pillars ; there is no chancel-arch. The east window of the south aisle is D. and the others are all P., in the south-east angle is a singular double E. E. piscina. The nave windows are P., the roof appears to be E. E. but very plain. The font is plain Transition N. The outer I south wall is Transition N., and has a string-course run- ning under the windows both inside and outside, which in one place has been cut away for the insertion of a P. tomb ; at the west end of the south aisle are the remains of the buttress and wall of a bell-gable, now destroyed, i.h.p. BERKSHIRE, 53. PusEY, All Saints. Rebuilt c. 1750. 54. Radley, St. James. A small P. church, plain, with a modern chancel, and a south aisle only to the nave, the pillars and arches of which are of wood, quite plain, but apparently of the fifteenth century. The font is good P. The chancel has recently been restored and fitted up with some good P. painted glass, and rich old wood-work. The churchyard is celebrated for its beauty and neatness, i.h.p. 55. Shillingford, St. Faith. A small church with tower and spire at the west end. The tower is E. E. with small buttresses, the windows lancet, one very long ; the spire E. E. with ribs on the angles, and a finial : the south porch is good E. E. with a two-light window trefoil- headed on the side, the doorway is E. E., and there is a good finial on the gable. The chancel walls and buttresses are E. E. ; the east window is D. of three Hghts, with flowing tracery ; the south window is lancet with foliated head ; there is an E. E. plain piscina and locker ; and a P. window on the north side with some old painted glass : the chancel-arch is N. The nave windows are mostly P., one is D., the roofs are all flat late P. The font is octagonal, plain D. ; the tower-arch E. E., low and massive. The south doorway of the church is good Transition N. with the zigzag and roll mouldings to the arch, and the tooth ornament under the label : the north doorway late N. with the cat's-head orna- ment. The priest's door in the chancel is also Transition N. The pulpit Elizabethan, i.h.p. The manor-house called Shillingford castle has some fine P. chimneys. 56. ^RRiY's.iiiB.AM, St. Andrew. The only original portion of this church is the central tower and its four arches, which are good P., with mouldings continued to the ground, and a P. vault. The font is E. E., originally altogether of Purbeck marble, the basin and plinth of which remain, but the DEANKRT OF ABINGDON. place of the detached shafts is suppUed by wooden balus- ters. The west porch has late P. doorways and drip- stones, and close to it is a N. buttress. The rest of this church is of singular character, the windows being all square-headed, debased, of four lights. The pillars are plain, round, with moulded caps in imitation of N. : the arches and the outer walls appear to have been rebuilt in the seventeenth century. In the eastern tower-arch is a very good hour-glass stand, ornamented and gilt. In the churchyard at the east end is an effigy of the fourteenth century, much defaced, i.h.p. 57. LoNGCOT, St. Mary. The chancel walls are E. E., with one original window, the others D. ; the chancel-arch is plain Transition N. ; the staircase to the rood-loft remains on the north side. At the east end of the nave on each side is a P. square-headed low side window, small single cinquefoiled ; the other windows on the north side of the nave are P. : on the south side is a modem aisle, with round-headed arches. The north doorway is good E. E., trefoiled, with moulded shafts and foliated caps. The north porch has good barge-boards. The font is plain, round, seems to be E. E. The tower was erected in 1724. i.h.p. 58. t^ Sparsholt, St. Stephen. A fine D. church, con- sisting of chancel, nave, south transept, west tower and spire, the north transept destroyed. The chancel has a good parapet, the side windows are lofty of two lights with quatrefoil in the head, the east vrindow modern : the sedilia, and piscina, and sepulchral recess, are rich, with foliated arches, crockets, pinnacles and finials : on the north side is a recess with an ogee arch similarly orna- mented, probably the Easter sepulchre, and a small door- way to the vestry, which is original, though the windows are modem. The nave has good windows of two lights, and the original open timber roof of D. work very good and E BERKSHIRE, perfect, the north doorway is E. E., with a round-headed arch which has an unusual moulding and shafts having caps of good foliage ; on the door is some good iron-work. The south transept has a good end window of four lights with flowing tracery, under which are two sepulchral re- cesses very richly ornamented, with tombs under them per- fect, both effigies are female figures of wood, one of the tombs has nine weepers in panels, the other is plain ; there is a piscina in the east wall with a wooden shelf: across the arch of the transept is a D. wooden screen. The tower is plain, with angular buttresses, the spire of wood covered with shingles. The font plain, round, i.h.p. The roof and screen are engraved in the Glossary of Architecture, the north doorway in Lysons,and views of the church <' nd north porch in Helton's Sketches of Churches ; one of the effigies is also engraved in HoUis's Monumental Effi- gies, part 5. 59. Kingston Lisle, Si. James. A small church with- out aisles, the walls N. with later insertions ; the chancel has a D. east window of three lights, tall, with a transom, and flowing tracery in the head ; on each side of it is a D. niche, on the south side are two D. windows, on the north side small N. windows, the chancel -arch, flat segmental N. but altered. The nave has square late windows ; the door- way good late N., with the original iron- work on the door. There is a square bell-turret built on the west gable, with small windows and D. pinnacles at the angles, i.h.p. 60.ii^STANFORD-iN-THE-VALE, Sf.Denis. Chaucel, uavc, aisles, west tower, and south porch. The chancel is good D.y the windows have geometrical tracery, with some original painted glass ; the roof is plain open timber, but well moulded and seems original. The piscina is very curious, the basin perfect, the head of the square trefoil form, and over it a sort of tabernacle, a half octagon pro- jecting from the wall, with a small oblong opening to it, DEANERY OF ABINGDON. probably a reliquary : on the north side is a double locker, under the north-east window. In the centre of the chancel is the brass of a priest, Roger Campedene, 1379, probably the founder of the chancel. The nave has three arches on the north side, very wide, on octagon piers, without caps or imposts : the windows of the aisles are small square-headed D., there is a squint from the north aisle to the high altar : the original E. E. clerestory windows remain under the roof of the aisle, the present clerestory and roof are late and bad. The tower is E. E., with tall buttresses and a corbel-table, upon which a P. story is added. The south porch is E.E., higher than the aisle ; the south doorway also E. E., w^ell moulded. The vestry on the north side of the chancel is original D. The font is of oak, Elizabethan, with canopy, the pulpit good Elizabethan. There is a D. low side window at the south-east end of the nave, and a coffin slab of the thirteenth century in the churchyard, i.h.p. 61. Goosey, All Saints. A small E. E. chapel, with western bell-cot. There is a good E. E. buttress on the north side, but almost all the windows are late, square- headed. The chancel has a curious E. E. piscina, with the basin projecting from the plane of the wall, and a square locker eastward of this : over the altar is a flat P. tester, painted with emblems of the Crucifixion, - . 118 Sunninghill - - . 117 Sunningwell - - . 64 Sunning, Holy Trinity - 116 St Andrew . 115 Sutton Courtney - 66 Manor House- - ib. Swallowfield - - - 108 Thatcham - - - 174 Theale - - - - 119 Tidmarsh - - . 120 Tilehurst Tubney U. Ufpington - - - Ufton Nervet- Upton . - . - W. Wallingford, St Leonard St. Mary . St Peter - Manor House Castle - - - Waltham Wantage - . - Warfield Wargrave - . - Wasing ... Welford . - . White Waltham - Wickham - . _ Windsor, Holy Trinity - ■ New Old St George's Chapel - - . Castle - - - Wmkfield - Winterboume Wittenham, Abbott's or Little - - _ Earl's or Lono Wokingham - - - Woodhaye, West - Woodlands ... Woolhampton Woolstone . - - Wootton - - - Wytham ... Yattendon No. 121 5 68 122 12 189 187 188 ib. ib. 123 71 124 125 177 178 110 179 128 130 127 129 ib. 131 145 74 73 132 181 163 133 69 37 75 180 INDEX OF saints; AFTER WHOM CHURCHES ARE NAMED IN BERKSHIRE. St. Agatha, 184. All Saints, 11. 16. 17. 22. 26. 31 ? 41. 45. 48. .51. 53. 61. 66. 69. 75. 81. 82. 108. 132. 138. 149. 151. 159. St. Andrew, 29. 42. 56. 83. 86. 115. 137. 143. SS. Andrew and Mary Magdalene, 94. St. Augustine, 34. St. Bartholomew, 77. 113. 146. 182. St. Blaize, 50. St. Catharine, 78. St. Clement, 183. St. Denis, 60. 173. St. Faith, 55. St. Faith and All Saints, 74. St. Frideswide, 152. St. George, 129. St. Giles, 20. 101. St. Gregory, 178. St. Helen, 1. Holy Trinity, 6. 38. 87. 102. 116. 119. 128. St. James, 21. 30. 33. 54. 59. 79. 91. 96. 105. 145. 147. St. John, 36. 52. 103. 109. St. John Baptist, 24. 40. 72.95. 130. 186. St. Laurence, 4. 5. 9. 35. 44. 99. 120. 123. 157. 181. St. Leonard, 64. 189. 190. St. Luke, 174. St. Margaret, 39. 142. 176. St. Mark, 90. St. Mary the Virgin, 7. 12. 13. 14. 15. 25. 27. 28. 46. 57. 63. 68. 76. 80. 85. 92. 97. 98. 100. 107. 110. 111. 125. 131. 134. 135? 140.141? 144.153.154.155.158. 161. 163. 165. 167. 168. 170. 171. 185. 187. St. Mary Magdalene, 89. St. Matthew, 32. St. Michael, 8. 10. 18. 23. 49. 62. 84. 106. 114. 117. 121. 124. 150. 160. 162. 166. St. Nicholas, 2. 43. 70. 93. 104. 112. 136. 148. 164. 177. St. Peter, 3. 37. 47. 73. 122. 127. 133. 139. 188. SS. Peter and Paul, 67. 71. 180. St. Stephen, 58. St. Swithin, 19. 65. 179. Unknown, 88. 118. 126. 156. 169. 172. 175. oxford : PRINTED BY I. SHRIMPTON. INDEX OP SAINTS, AFTER WHOM CHURCHES ARE NAMED IN BEDFORDSHIRE. All Saints, 8. 11. 12. 13. 15.26. 27». 28. 29. 34. 39. 44. 46. 47. 50. 73. 78. 87. 92. 93. 94. 96. 98. 99. 108. 110. 113. 123. 125. 126. 128. St. Andrew, 59. 106. 118. St. Botolph, 60. St. Cuthbert, 1. St. Denis, 86. St. Dunstan, 85. St. Edmund, 107. St. George, 55. 112. St. Giles, 57. 114. St. Guthlake, 103. Holy Trinity, 5». 50». St. James, 6. 67. 77. St John Baptist, 40. 64. 66. 79. 115. St. John Evangelist, 2. St. Laurence, 14. 35. 80. St. Leonard, 32. 49. 127. St. Margaret, 27. 43. 53. St. Mary Magdalene, 58. 61. 82. St. Mary the Virgin, 3. 7. 10. 16. 17. 19. 20. 23. 30. 33. 38. 42. 50. 52. 54. 62. 68. 69. 70. 72. 74. 75. 83. 88. 89. 90. 95. 97. 102. 105. HI. 116. 119. 120. 121. 124. St. Mary the Virgin, and St. Helen, 9. St. Michael, 25. 76. 109. St. Nicholas, 21, 36. 45. 71. 81. 101. St. Owen, 18. St. Paul, 4. St. Peter, 5. 24. 31. 37. 51. 100. 104. 129. 130. SS. Peter and Paul, 41. 63. 65. 91. St. Swithin, 122. St. Thomas of Canterbury, 22. Unknown, 48. 48*. 117. THE ECCLESIASTICAL AliCHITECTURAL TOPOGllAPHY ENGLAND. PUBLISHED UNDER THE SANCTION OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE ^(tbaeologtcal institute of Cfiuat ^ntam mh Srelani). BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. OXFORD AND LONDON, JOHN HENRY PARKER. MDCCCXLIX. OXFORD : PRINTED BY I. SHRIMPTON. ADVERTISEMENT. The Notes for this county have been prepared chiefly by Mr. W. Caveler, with the assistance of the Kev. H. Addington, and several others whose experience is the best guarantee for their accuracy. The whole have been kindly revised by the Rev. A. Baker, the active and zealous Secretary of the Buckinghamshire Architectural Society, whose remarks and additions have been incorporated. The initials of those who have contributed to the work are appended to the articles, for which each is responsible. H. A. — The Rev. Henry Addington. A. B.— The Rev. A. Baker, Aylesbury. J. B. — The Rev. John Baron, Fellow of Queen's College, Oxford. H. B. — The Rev. Henry Bumey, Rector of Wavendon. W. C. — William Caveler, Esq., Architect. B. F. — Benjamin Ferrey, Esq., Architect. S. R. G.— Sir Stephen R. Glynne, Bart. A. N. — Alexander Nisbet, Esq. I. H. P.— Mr. I. H. Parker. J. L. P. — Rev. John Louis Petit. ADVERTISEMENT. At the request of several of the subscribers to the work, the editor has been induced to abandon the alphabetical arrangement of the counties for the future, and to publish them in such order as will best consist with the making each Diocese complete, before proceeding to another. The next county to be published will therefore be Oxfordshire, which, with Buckinghamshire and Berkshire, already published, wiU complete the diocese of Oxford. The Notes for Oxfordshire are nearly ready for the press, and it is hoped that this county may be published in October. This will be followed by Cambridgeshire, with a view to complete the diocese of Ely, to which Bedford- shire, already published, belongs. But as each county is complete by itself, and the numbering of the pages has been purposely avoided, they may be bound together in any order that is most convenient to the subscribers. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Those marked R. are mentioned by Rickman, and his notes of them are printed entire. No. Deanery op Buckingham. 1 Addlngton. 2 Adstock. 3 Akeley with Stockholt 4 Barton Hartshorn. 5 Chetwode. 6 Beauchampton. 7 Biddlesden. 8 Buckingham. 9 Caversfield. 10 Claydon, (Steeple). 11 Edgcott. 12 Foscott 13 Gawcott 14 HiLLESDON. 15 Horley. 16 Hornton. 17 Leckhampstead. 18 Lillingstone Dayrell. 19 Maids Morton. 20 Marsh Gibbon. 21 Padburj-. 22 Preston Bissett. 23 Radclive. 24 Shalstone. 25 Stowe. 26 Water Stratford. 27 Sutton, Kings. 28 Thomborough. 29 Thornton. 30 Tingewick. 31 Turweston. 32 Twyford. 33 Westbury. No. Deanery op Burnham. 34 Amersham. 35 Beaconsfield. 36 Burnham. 37 Boveney. 38 Chalfont, St, Giles. 89 St Peter. 40 Chesham Bois. 41 St Mary. 42 Colnbrook in Horton. 43 Datchet 44 Eton. 45 Ditton. 46 Denliam. 47 Dorney. 48 Chenies. 49 Latimer. 50 Famham Royal. 51 Fulmer. 52 Hedgerley. 53 Hitcham. 54 Horton. 55 Iver. 56 Penn. 57 Penn Street 58 Stoke Poges. 59 Taplow. 60 Upton R. 61 Wexham. 62 Wyrardisbury. 62 Ankerwycke Priory. 63 Langley Marsh . . . R. I CONTENTS. No. Deanery of Muresley. 64 Astwood R. 65 Aston Abbots. 66 Cheddington. 67 Choulesbury. 68 Cublington. 69 Drayton Beauchamp. 70 Drayton Parsloe. 71 Dunton. 72 Edlesborough. 73 Grandborough. 74 Grove. 75 Hardwick. 76 Hawridge. 77 Hoggeston. 78 Great Horwood. 79 Little Horwood. 80 Ivinghoe. 81 Linslade. 82 Marsworth. 83 Mentmore. 84 Mursley. 85 Nettleden. 86 Pitstone, or Pightlesthome. 87 Slapton. 88 Soulbery. 89 Stewkley R. 90 Swanboume. 91 Tottenhall, or Tottenhoe. 92 Wliitchurch. 93 Whaddon. 93 Snelshall Priory. 94 WiNGE. 95 Wingrave. 96 Winslow. Deanery of Newport. 97 Bletchley. 98 Bradwell. 99 Brickhill, (Bow). 100 (Great). 101 (Little). 102 Broughton. 103 Calverton. 104 Chicheley. 105 Clifton Reynes. No. 106 Crawley, (North). 107 Emberton. 108 Gayhurst. 109 Goldington, (Stoke). 110 Hanslofe. 111 Castlethorpe. 112 Hardmead. 113 Haversham. 114 Lathbury. 115 Lavendon. 116 Brayfield. 117 Linford, (Great). 118 Linford, (Little). 119 Loughton. 120 Milton Keynes. 121 Moulsoe. 122 Newport Pagnel. 123 Newton Blossomville. 124 Longueville. 125 Olney. 126 Ravenstone. 127 Shenley Mansell. 128 Sherrington. 129 Simpson. 130 Stanton Bury. 131 Stoke Hammond. 132 Stratford, (Fenny). 133 (Stoney), St. Mary Mag- dalene. 134 • St. Giles. 135 Tyringham. 136 Filgrove. 137 Walton. 138 Wavendon. 139 Weston Underwood. 140 Willen. 141 Wolverton, Holy Trinity. 141* St. George. 142 Wolston (Little). 143 (Great). 144 Woughton. Deanery of Waddesdon. 145 Ashendon. 146 Dorton. 147 Aston Sandford. CONTENTS. i No. 148 Brill. 149 BoarstalL 150 Chearsley. 151 Chilton. 152 Easington. 153 Claydon, (Middle). 154 (East). 155 Crendon, (Long). 155 Notley Abbey. 156 Fleet Marston. 157 Grendon Underwood. 158 ICKFORD. 159 Ilmer. 160 Kingsey. 161 Ludgershall. 162 Marston, (North). 163 Oakley. 164 Oving. 165 Pitchcott. 166 Quainton. 167 Shabbington. 168 Waddesdon. 169 Winchendon, (Upper). 170 (LowerX 171 Worminghall. 172 Wootton Underwood. Deanery of Wendover. 173 Aston Clinton. 174 St Leonard's. 175 Aylesbury. 176 Quarrendon. 177 Bierton. 178 Buckland. 1 79 Stoke Mandevillc, 180 Bledlow. 181 Dinton. 182 Ellesborough. 183 Haddenham. No. 184 Cuddington. 185 Halton. 186 Hampden, (Great). 187 HartwelL 188 Hampden, (Little). 189 Horsenden. 190 Hulcott. 191 Great Kimble. 192 Little Kimble. 193 Lacy Green. 194 Lee. 195 Missenden, (Great). 196 (Little). 197 Priors (or Monks) Risborough. 198 Princes Risborough. 199 Stone. 200 Towersey. 201 Wendover. 202 Weston Turville, Deanery of Wycombe. 203 Bradenham. 204 Fawley. 205 Fingest 206 Hambledon R. 207 Hedsor. 208 Hughendon, or Hitchendon. 209 Lane End. 210 Loudwater. 211 Marlow, (Great). 212 (Little). 213 Medmenham. 214 Radnage. 215 Saunderton. 216 Turville. 217 Woobum. 218 Wycombe, (High, or Chip- ping) R. 219 (West). INTRODUCTION TO BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. It is rather difficult to decide as to the position Bucking- hamshire shotdd occupy with regard to its ecclesiastical architecture ; it has usually been considered an uninterest- ing county, this it certainly is not, neither can it lay claim to the possession of any great number of fine churches ; in the lower part of the county, the churches are generally very inferior both as to size and merit, many of them have suffered much from neglect, and others still more from in- judicious and tasteless alterations. It must not be imagined from this apparently sweeping condemnation that there are no churches of value in this part of the county ; there are some few of great interest, and which will well repay a most attentive examination ; perhaps the best (without regard to classification) are North Marston, Priors Ris- borough, Chilton, and Hillesdon; the former is a mixed church, the best portion being the rich Perpendicular chancel with its vestries ; the tower of Priors Risborough is very good as to the general design, and has also much good detail about it. Chilton is a very fair specimen of a mixed church, and Hillesdon a fine specimen of Perpen- dicular. There are other churches with some good points about them, but it seems only necessary to call attention to those named above. In the northern part of the county the churches generally are of a superior class, and have a great variety of very valuable detail. I INTRODUCTION TO BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. The external appearance of the churches is usually rather plain, there is much rough walHng, and but little very deli- cate detail ; this most probably arises from a scarcity of good building stone, especially in the lower part of the county. With the exception of Stewkley, which is well known as the rival of Iffley among the richest Norman churches in England, there are but few good specimens of Norman work remaining, none of any great importance; perhaps the best are at Hanslope, Winge, and Leckhampstead ; the chancel of Shenley Mansell is a very good specimen of transition from Norman to Early English. A better account can be given of Early English works, for although there are but few churches entirely of that style, there is much good detail scattered about ; perhaps the finest specimen remaining is the chancel of Chetwode church, and after that Lillingstone Dayrell, Cold Bray field, the towers of Haddenham and Aylesbury, and parts of Leckhampstead ; many of the churches have good win- dows, doorways, and other portions of this style ; indeed but few of them are without some specimen. The upper part of the county is very rich in Decorated work ; Clif- ton Reynes, Emberton, Olney, and Great Horwood, are all excellent specimens of the style ; in the lower part Chesham Bois and the south aisle of North Marston are the best examples ; besides these, there is a great amount of excellent detail to be found, especially in windows ; some are early in the style, others more advanced, and have rich flowing tracery of peculiar and elegant design. There are but few fine specimens of Perpendicular churches remaining ; the best are Maids Morton and INTRODUCTION TO BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. Hillesdon, portions of North Crawley, and the chancel of North Marston ; the tower of Maids Morton is parti- cularly deserving of notice, as having features not to be found elsewhere ; the chapel of Eton College should also be included in this list, it has some very good portions. The list of mixed churches is large, as it will be seen by the above classification that very few are entirely of one style ; perhaps the best are Aylesbury, Sherrington, Hans- lope, Winge, Wingrave, Cuddington, and Great Missenden. Spires are a peculiarly rare feature in this county : there are only two deserving of especial notice, those at Olney and Hanslope ; the first a fine specimen of late Decorated work, the latter equally good Perpendicular ; besides these there are a very few churches with smaller spires, but not of sufficient merit to warrant any particular notice of them. Towers are numerous and good ; the earlier ones are at Haddenham, Aylesbury, Stone, Priors Risborough, Chilton, Lillingstone Dayrell, Leckhampstead, Ickford, and some others of less merit, these are Early English. Decorated towers are neither very common nor good, perhaps the best are Preston Blissett, Radclive, Thomborough, Milton Keynes, Astwood, and Emberton. As usual the Perpen- dicular towers constitute by far the larger number, many of them are very good ; Maids Morton has been already mentioned; the other good specimens are Hillesdon, Winge, Cuddington, Chearsley, Winslow, Bow Brickhill, Sherrington, Chicheley, Bletchley, &c. Ancient Bell-cots of stone are even more rare than spires, there is no doubt but several of the churches once had them on the west gable, and in some other situations ; in most INTRODUCTION TO BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. cases they have been destroyed, and their place supplied by unsightly wooden boxes. The only Vestries requiring notice are those at Ayles- bury and North Marston, which are fine specimens of Per- pendicular work. A considerable number of Fonts are still remaining, some of them very good ; those at Turville, Priors Risborough, Stone, Hawridge, Stoke Goldington, and Castlethorpe, are Norman. The Early Enghsh fonts are at Slapton, Cud- dington, Choulesbury, and Weston Underwood. The best Decorated font is at Drayton Parsloe, there are others at Chilton, North Marston, and Astwood. Ditton and Winge have good Perpendicular specimens. There are several very excellent Sedilia still remaining ; those at Lillingstone Dayrell, Leckhampstead and Lee, are the best specimens of Early English. Those at Ilmer, Saun- derton, Preston BHsset, Lathbury and Milton Keynes, are Decorated, and that at North Marston is very good Per- pendicular. Wherever there are good Sedilia, equally good Piscinas are generally to be met with, and as usual, they are more numerous than the former. At Towersey the piscina is Norman, those at Radnage, Lee, LiUingstone Dayrell, and Leckhampstead, are Early English. The best Decorated piscina in the county is at North Marston, (in the south aisle;) and there are others at Clifton Reynes, Aston Abbotts, Great Horwood, Padbury, Grendon Underwood, Westbury and Milton Keynes ; there is a fine Perpendicular piscina at North Marston. There are considerable remains of Carved Wood-work in the county, much of it of great merit, although not com- INTRODUCTION TO BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. parable to that which may be seen in other parts of England. The best wood roofs are at North Marston, North Crawley, Newton Longville, Haddenham, and Wavendon. The rood- screen at North Crawley is very fine, and derives additional interest from the figures at the base. There are others at Cuddington, Bow Brickhill, Stoke Hammond, and Ilmer. There is a good parclose-screen at Winge. The only good wood pulpit remaining is at Bow Brickhill. The stalls at North Marston and Chilton are the best remaining, they have fine poppy-heads and rich panelling. Some of the open seats are good, the best are at Priors Risborough, Princes Risborough, Weston Turville, and Lee. Very few good Tombs are now remaining, the best are those at CUfton Reynes, which have good effigies and rich canopies. Brasses are unusually numerous, but of no great interest. There is but very little good Painted Glass to be met with, the best is in the chancel at Chetwode, which ap- pears to be of the thirteenth century ; it has been removed from the east window and placed in one on the south side. BOOKS EELATING TO THE ARCHITECTURAL TOPOGRAPHY OP BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. Magna Britannia, being a concise topographical account of the counties of Great Britain. New Edition. Edited by Rev. D. Lysons and S. Lysons, Esq. Part 3. Buckinghamshire. 4to. 1806. The Beauties of England and Wales : or Delineations, Topo- graphical and Descriptive, of Buckinghamshire. By J. Britton and E. W. Brayley. Part 3. 8vo. 1803. A Topographical and Statistical Description op the County OF Buckingham. By G. A. Cooke. 12mo. Kennett's, (Bp.) Parochial Antiquities, attempted in the his- tory of Ambrosden, Burcester, and other adjacent parts in the counties of Oxford and Bucks, with additions by Dr. Bandinel. 2 Vols. 4to. Oxford, Clarendon Press. 1818. Willis' (Brown) History and Antiquities of the Town, Hun- dred, AND Deanery of Buckingham. 4to. 1755. Tymms' (S.) Compendium of the History of Buckinghamshire, AND THE Norfolk Circuit, forming Vol. I. of the Family Topo- grapher. 12mo. 1836. Langley's (Thomas) History and Antiquities of the Hundred of Desborough, and the Deanery of Wycomb, in Bucking- hamshire, including the Borough Towns of Wycomb and Marlow, and sixteen other Parishes. 4to. 1797. Newcomb's Repertorium, or Ecclesiastical Parochial History OF THE Diocese of London. 2 Vols. Folio. 1708. Lipscomb's History and Antiquities of the County of Buck- ingham. 4 vols. 4to. 1831-47. Berry's Pedigrees of the Families in Berkshire, Bucking- hamshire, AND Surrey, with the Coats of Arms. Folio, 1837. Ackerman*s History of the Colleges of Winchester, Eton, AND Westminster, &c. Imperial 4to. Plates. 1816. Todd's, H. J., History of the College of Bonhommes, at Ash- ridge, IN the County of Buckingham, founded in the year 1278 by Edward, Earl of Cornwall, to which is added a description of the present mansion. Imperial folio. 33 portraits and plates. 1823. Privately printed by the Earl of Bridgwater. The History of Newport Pagnell and its immediate Vicinity. By Joseph Staines. 8vo. Newport Pagnell. 1842. CHEONOLOGICAL TABLE. EoR the use of the student a table is subjoined, shewing the duration of the styles of English architecture, and the kings reigning in each period. Kings. Date. William 1 1066 William II 1087 Henry 1 1100 Stephen 1135 Henry II 1154 to 1189 J Richard L« 1189 ^ John 1199r Henry III 1216r Edward I." 1272 to 1307 ) Edward II 1307) Edward ni.^.1327 to 1377 j BichardII 13771 Henry IV 1399 Henry V 1413 Henry VI 1422 Edwam)IV 1461 y Edward V 1483 Richard III 1483 Henry VII 1485 Henry VIIL... 1509 to 1546 J Style. Norman. [or English Romanesque.] Early English. [or 1st Pointed.] Decorated English. [or 2nd Pointed.] Remarks. Prevailed little more than 124 years ; no remains really known to be more I than a few years older than ^he Conquest. Prevailed about 118 years. Perpendicu- lar English. [or 3rd Pointed.] Continued perhaps 10 or 15 years later. Prevailed little more than 70 years. Prevailed about 169 years . Few, if any, whole build- ings executed in this style ) later than Henry VIII. This style used in addi- tions and rebuilding, but often much debased, as late Us 1630 or 1640. « [The reign of Richard I. was the chief period of the Transition from the Norman to the Early English style. The change began perhaps a little earlier in a few instances, and continued a little later, some buildings of the time of King John being of Transition cha- racter. >> The Transition from the Early English to the Decorated style took place chiefly in the reign of Edward I. The Eleanor crosses belong rather to the latter than the former style. c In the latter part of the long reign of Edward III. the Transition from the Deco- rated to the Perpendicular style began, and was almost completed by the time of the acces- sion of Richard II. Some buildings of the Decorated style may be found of his reign, but the works of William of Wykeham, West- minster Hall, and many other buildings of this period, are of very decided Perpendicular cha- racter. Perhaps one of the earliest and best authenticated examples of this Transition, shewing a curious mixture of the two styles, is Edington church in Wiltshire, founded by bishop William of Edington in 1352, and con- secrated in 1361. The same bishop, who died in 1366, commenced the alteration of Win- chester cathedral into the Perpendicular style, which was continued by William of Wykeham.] BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, Bcflnerp of 33uc]femg5nm. 1. Addington, SL Mary. Chancel, nave with clere- story, aisles, and south porch, tower at the west end. Prin- cipally D., with some good two-light windows in the chan- cel : the clerestory windows appear all to have been cir- cular, but three only are now remaining ; these are filled with D. tracery of varied design. The tower is P. The east and some other windows are of the same style, w.c. 2. Adstock, St. Cecilia. Chancel, nave with south porch, tower at the west end. The earliest work in this church is a very curious N. doorway on the north side, it has every appearance of being very early in the style; the chancel-arch is good E. E. supported on corbel-heads. The chancel is D. with good windows, the two nearest the west end have transoms ; the nave has some very excellent three- light P. windows with transoms, and with the tracery con- siderably below the arch : the tower is good P. w.c. 3. Akeley with Stockholt, St. James, Chancel, nave, and south porch, modern bell-turret on west gable. The south doorway is very plain N., and there are some remains of another doorway of the same style on the north side, but it has been bricked up and a modern window inserted ; there is a good two-light D. window on the south side of the chancel, and a low side window of one light, with an ogee trefoiled head. East window square-headed P. w.c. B BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 4. Barton Hartshorn, St. James. Chancel, nave, and transepts, a turret for two bells on the west gable. With the exception of an E. E. doorway on the north side, and one or two P. windows square-headed, there is nothing of interest in this church ; the chancel, bell-turret, and indeed nearly every other part is modern, w.c. li^ 5. Chetwode, St. Mary and St. Nicholas. Chancel, nave, and north transept, tower at the north-west angle. Chetwode priory being built against the south side of the nave, but little of that part is visible ; there are however two very good early D. two-light windows remaining, also a few other windows of the same style in different parts of the church. The chancel is a fine specimen of E. E. ; there is a very good triplet on each side, and a fine five- light window at the east end ; on the south side is a rich arcade, with shafts and foliated capitals, and the toothed ornament in the hollow mouldings, one compartment of this is now used as the entrance from the priory ; the east win- dow has lately been filled with painted glass not particu- larly good, all that remained of the ancient glass from this window was placed in the triplet on the south side, and is a very good specimen of about the same date as the win- dow's. The font is modern, w.c. There are engravings of the chancel and of the painted glass in Lysons. 6. Beauchampton, or Bechampton, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with aisles, clerestory, and south porch, tower at the west end. Style early D., with very good two-light windows to the clerestory ; all the other windows (except one of two lights in the tower) are P. ; there is a small D. pierced circle within a square on the south side of the tower, w.c. A curious brass of William Bawdyn, blacksmith, 1600, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 533. 7. BiDDLESDEN, St. Margaret. A chapel of the time of Charles II. No vestiges of the ancient abbey remain. At DEANERY OF BUCKINGHAM. Eversam, in this parish, there was formerly a chapel dedi- cated to St. Nicholas. liYSONS. 8. Buckingham, St. Feter and St. Paul Rebuilt 1781. The chapel of the gild or brotherhood of the Holy Trinity was converted into a school-house by King Henry VI. The walls are ancient, and a Norman doorway remains. The old grammar school is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 585. 9. Caversfikld, St. Laurence. A small church of mixed styles, plan a simple oblong, with a very plain massive tower having a gable roof, of the supposed Saxon character, at the west end. A south aisle has been destroyed, the E. E. arches remain in the wall. The doorway and porch late N. ; a N. piscina and a N. font with intersecting arcade. In the chancel is a high tomb with rich panelled sides to John Langston, Esq., 1487, and two brasses, i.h.p. There are engravings of windows, tower, piscina, panel from tomb, and mouldings and capitals of north doorway, in the " Guide to the Architectural Antiquities in the Neighbourhood of Oxford." Of a brass in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 599. 10. Claydon, Steeple, St. Michael. Chancel, nave with transept, vestry on south side, tower at west end. The latter is D., with very good two-light windows on the sides, and one of three lights at the east end. Tower P. with good doorway and windows, some modern windows inserted above the others. Transepts modern. The present vestry seems at one time to have been a porch ; a small piscina in south wall of chancel, w.c. 11. Edgcott, St. Michael. Chancel and nave, tower at west end. The chancel is early D. with a P. window in- serted at the east end ; the nave seems to have been of the same style, but has P. windows. Tower P. w.c. 12. FoscoTT, or Foxcott, St. Leonard. Chancel, nave, and south porch. Originally E. E., of which style there is a single-light window in the nave. East window good P. of three lights, w.c. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 13. Gawcott, St. Catherine. Rebuilt 1828. i^= 14. HiLLESDON, St. Nicholas. Chancel with north aisle, and vestry with room over, nave with aisles, clere- story, and north porch, transept on south side, tower at west end. The whole a very fine specimen of P., although rather late in the style. The earliest portion is the tower, which is not nearly so rich as the other parts ; the piers and arches to the nave are very good, the clerestory windows are a series of pierced panels extending the whole length of the nave : the roof is not so good as the other portions, it is divided into panels by slight oak ribs, the spaces being filled in with plaster : the windows are of three and four lights with rich tracery in the heads and generally with transoms, those at the east end are of four and five hghts. The south porch has good angular buttresses, the upper stage enriched with panels, a fine niche over the outer door, and a richly panelled battlement, the pinnacles are destroyed : the interior of the porch has panelling on the side walls and a groined ceiling. Leading from the vestry to the room above is an octagon staircase-tmTct having a rich battlement and pinnacles, and an open lanthorn formed by crocketed ogee ribs springing from each pinnacle, and terminating in the centre with a rich finial ; the buttresses have generally been finished with pinnacles, but these are now nearly all destroyed. The whole of the mouldings, par- ticularly the plinths and the strings under the windows, are very bold, and the mouldings to the doorways are equally good. The church is said to have been rebuilt in 1493. In the east window is some painted glass representing the history of St. Nicholas, w.c. There is a general view of this church in Lysons ; a north-east view and the north porch in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 20. 15. HoRLEY, St. JEtheldreda. Chancel, nave, aisles, and square tower. The chancel and tower are D. The nave- DEANERY 01^ BUCKINGHAM. arches, clerestory, and south aisle are also D. The north aisle is early P. The thi'ee doorways are fine E. E. The windows which have escaped alteration are chiefly good D., and some are early P. The piscina is E. E., with trefoiled head and the tooth ornament, i.h.p. 16. HoRNTON, St. John Baptist. Chancel, nave with aisles, west tower. Chancel E. E., with some remains of N. work, and a P. east window. The arches on the north side of nave are Transition N., those on the south side D. The two lower stages of the tower are E.E., the upper D., it has a square bold turret at the north-east angle. The font is cylindrical Transition N. There are the remains of painting of the fourteenth century ; and a good P. parclose. i.h.p. 17. Leckhampstead, /Si^.J/rt/y. Chancel, nave with south aisle and porch, and tower at west end. The north door- way is a very excellent specimen of N. with a rich arch and drip moulding, the inner doorway of south porch is an- other good specimen of the same style : the tower is E. E., wdth a fine west doorway, above which is an enriched single- light N. w^indow : the piers and arches are very plain E. E., and there are one or two good D. windows ; P. windows have been inserted in various parts : there is a rood-loft staircase entered from the north aisle ; the sedilia and pis- cina are very plain E. E. Font octagonal, with sculptures of the crucifixion, St. Catherine, &c. w.c. There is an engraving of the font in Simpson's Baptismal Fonts, and another in Gent's. Mag. Ixxxvi. ii. 497. 18. LillingstoneDayrell, /^^.iV/c//o/<25. Chancel, nave, south aisle and porch, (north aisle destroyed,) and tower at the west end. This has been a fine E. E. church, but has sustained much injury. At the east end of the chancel there is a curious three-light window, which may almost be called D. ; there is a very good two-light window on the south side, with a centre shaft and the toothed ornament in the hollows ; BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, the sedilia and piscina are likewise good, the latter having a credence shelf ; the inner doorway of the south porch has shafts, and good mouldings to the arch ; the porch itself is D., with a stone roof : some of the windows are D., one of three lights at the east end of the aisle ; others are P. Tower plain but good E. E. w.c. The brass of Paul and Margaret Dayrell, 1481, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 36. j^= 19. Maids Morton, St. Edmund. Chancel with vestry on south side, nave and porches, tower and turret at west end. The whole a very fine specimen of P., the tower particularly so ; the west doorway is very curious, a pro- jecting panelled battlement is supported by rich fan-tra- cery springing from the jamb mouldings, the window above is a very good four-light ; on each face of the upper stage are two single-light windows deeply recessed and divided by a sort of angular pier, and across the entire width of the opening so formed a segmental arch is thrown, which is feathered and has rich flowers for the cusps, this supports the cornice and battlement which are both very good : the whole arrangement of this tower is very singular, but has a fine effect. The north porch is in two bays, with rich fan-tracery on the ceiling, and a fine oak door with rich panelling. The windows are very good, generally of three lights with transoms, the east window is of five lights ; this part is rather later than the rest of the building. Tower-arch very good, roof of oak, not equal to the other portions, w.c. A south-west view of the church is given in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 44 ; another in the Gent's. Mag. Ixxiv. 813, and the sedilia and font in Lysons. 20. Marsh Gibbon, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, south aisle, west tower. The chancel is E. E., the nave has two plain E. E. arches with a P. clerestory and roof. The tower is much patched, and the east window is modern, i.h.p. The old manor-house of the Crokes, (sixteenth century,) is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 53. IJEANERY OF BUCKINGHAM. 21. Padbury, SL Mary. Chancel, nave with clere- story, aisles, and south porch, and tower at west end. The nave and north aisle are D. with good two-light windows, the windows in the south aisle are square-headed P. Chancel D., with a good three-light window and small pis- cina, east window P. Tower and porch modern, w.c. There is an engraving of the piscina, &c., in the Gent's. Mag. Ixvi. 841 . ^^ 22. Preston Bissett, St. John Baptist. Chancel, nave,and tower at thewestend. The whole D., with very excel- lent two and three-light windows, particularly those at the east end of the aisles and chancel ; the north and south doorways are also very good, with fine mouldings and cor- bel-heads supporting the drips : the chancel windows nearest the east end are much higher than the others, and one of the windows on the south side of chancel has a transom ; good D. sedilia on south side. w.c. 23. Radclive, St. John Evangelist. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower at the west end. The greater por- tion of this church is very early E. E., the south door- way is a very good specimen of the style, with banded shafts, foliated capitals, and the, toothed with other orna- ments in the arch, the chancel-arch has also foliated cajfi- tals to the shafts, and the toothed ornament at intervals ; the windows are plain two lights, the font also very plain, hardly removed from N. : the tower is early D. w.c. The old manor-house is now a farm-house. 24. Shalstone, St. Edicard. Modern, w.c. 25. Stowe, St. Mary. Chancel with aisle, nave with aisles, clerestory and south porch, tower at the west end. This church has been D., but with the exception of a good three-light window at the east end of the south aisle, and another at the east end of the chancel, and some of two lights in the upper stage of the tower, there is nothing of any interest remaining, w.c. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 20. Water Stratford, Si. Giles. Chancel and nave, with tower at the west end. On the south side there is a good N. doorway, in the tympanum is a representation of the Deity in a vesica attended by angels, a remarkable hori- zontal string along the head of the doorway, and a small intersecting arcade : there is another N. doorway on the north side of the chancel, with sculpture in the tympanum : there are two single-light E. E. windows in the chancel, and one or two P. in the nave. The upper part of the tower has been pulled down, it is covered with tiles, w.c. There is an engraving of the doorway in Lysons. 27. Sutton Kings, St. Feter. [Northants.] This church is a beautiful- specimen of the P. style, with a tower and crocketed spire, it has suffered much mutilation, rickman. 28. Thornborough, St, Mary. Chancel, nave with north aisle and south porch, tower at west end. The tower is D. with a very good west doorway, but P. windows have been inserted, piers and arches D., south doorway of the same style ; with the exception of two good D. windows on the north side, the whole of the windoAVs are P. w.c. 29. Thornton, St. Michael. This church has been lately entirely rebuilt in the modern style. The P. tower was allowed to remain, also two fine brasses, j.b. There is a view of the old church in the Gent's. Mag. Ixxi. 1081, and the brass of Robert Ingylton, 1516, in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 122. 30. Tingewick, St. Mary Magdalene. Chancel, nave, and north aisle, tower nt west end. Nave E. E., with circular piers and plain arches, the south side has been rebuilt in imitation of N. ; chancel and tower good P., the latter with a very good doorway at west end. A small piscina in south wall of chancel, w.c. A curious brass to Erasmus Williams, who died rector 1608. 31. TuRWESTON, /S'/. J/«rj/. Chancel, nave with aisles, clere- story and south porch, tower at west end : the piers and arches DEANERY OF BURNHAM. on the north side are very good N., with a variety of en- riched capitals, on the south side they are early D., and there are some very good two-light windows of that style ; a pis- cina in the south and a sepulchre in the north wall of chancel, are both D. The east window is P. of three lights, w.c. 32. TwYFORD, The asmmpiion of St. Mary. Rebuilt. The brasses of John Guerdon, rector, 1413, and Thomas Gifford, 1550, are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 135. 33. Westbury, St. Augustine. Chancel, nave with aisles, clerestory and north porch, tower at west end. With the ex- ception of two single-light E.E. windows at the sides of the chancel, and a three-light D. at the east end, the whole of the exterior appears to be modern ; the piers and arches to the nave are D., and there is a small piscina of the same style, w.c. Bcancrj) of 23urnf)am. 34. Amersham, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, clerestory and aisles, transepts, and porch on south side. There is nothing now remaining in this church earlier than P., except it may be some of the piers to the nave, which have the appearance of late D. ; the church has been much modernized, and there is but little good work left : perhaps the best thing is the groining of the south porch, which has some rich bosses at the intersection of the ribs. w.c. 35. Beacon sfield. All Saints. Has a tower, and is built of flint and stone. In the chancel are some E. E. features, and in the north aisle are some D. windows. In a chapel on south side of chancel is an altar-tomb : there is also some wood screen- work, s.r.g. There are views of the church in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 215, and in the Gent's. Mag. Ixxx. ii. 105, and the brass of Thomas and Dorothy Waller, 1627, in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 198. 36. BuRNHAM, St. Peter. Chancel, nave, aisles, north transept, tower at the east end of the south aisle, north and c BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, south porches. The chancel is large, and has a fine east window D. of five lights, with geometrical tracery; the other parts are modernized. The transept has a large and curious D. window of four lights, late in the style. The west end is chequered of flint and stone, and has a D. win- dow of three lights with flowing tracery of peculiar design. The nave has E. E. arches and pillars, and some large and fine D. windows, of which style is the larger portion of this church. The tower is on the south side of the nave, the upper part of wood, modern. Part of the rood- loft screen remains ; and there are several brasses, s.r.g. In this parish are the ruins of the abbey founded in 1265, by Richard, King of the Romans: there are con- siderable remains of E. E. domestic work, built of flint in a very substantial manner, with stone dressings; the windows are all lancet-shaped, though generally small, the chapel and the refectory being entirely destroyed : there are some good E. E. doorways and other details, i.h.p. There is a view of the church in Lipscomb, iii. 215 ; and the ruins of Burn- ham abbey engraved by Hollis from a drawing by Buckler, in the Mon. Ang., vol. vi. p. 545. It was presented to the new edition of the work by the late Lord Granville, then the proprietor of the abbey. And another view of the ruins in Lipscomb, iii. 206. 37. BovENEY, SL Mary Magdalene. Nave and chancel under one roof, modern bell-turret at west end. The whole church so much modernized as uot to present any features of interest, w.c. 38. Chaleont, St. Giles. Principally D. and P. The east window D., elegant and curious. There is a four- foil headed piscina. The font is square, s.r.g. Here are the remains of an ancient monastery, the chapel of which is attached to the mansion called the Vache. The house in which Milton resided in this parish, and the brass of Thomas Fletewoode, 1570, with his two wives and eighteen children, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 235. I DEANERY OF BURNHAM. 39. Chalfont, St.Feter. Rebuilt in 1726. 40. Chesham Bois, St. Leonard. Chancel and nave, with a modern vestry on the north side, and a modern tower at the west end. The chancel has an E. E. triplet at the east end. The nave is D., with very good two- light windows ; those on the south side are ranged in pairs, each pair being on a lower level than the other. On each side of the chancel- arch is a smaller arch, also leading to the chancel. Font modern ; pulpit curious. There are some remains of painted glass of the fourteenth century, and se- veral brasses, a.n. There are engravings of the windows and doorway in Brandon's Analysis of Gothic Architecture, of the Painted Glass in Lysons : and the brass of Robert and Elizabeth Cheyne, 1552, in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 265. 41. Chesham, St. Mary. A cross church with clere- story and aisles, chancel, and south porch with a room over, tower with short modern spire in the centre. The earliest part remaining is the chancel, w^hich has some very good two-light D. windows on the north side. But the general style of the church is P., with fine three-light windows on the south side. The north side has been much modernized. The west front has a late P. doorway, with a fine five-light window above it. East window P. w.c. A south-west view of the church is given in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 265. 42. CoLNBROOK IN HoRTON, St. Mary. Modern. 43. Datchet, St. Mary. A small church, with a very low south aisle and a north chapel. The east window of the chancel is late D., of three lights. The arches of the nave plain E. E., as is also the base of the tower, which is attached to the west of the north chapel. Some windows D., some three-foil lancets, and a few P. There is a piscina with ogee canopy, and the sill of a window intended for a sedile. There are some monuments and brasses, s.r.g. ' 44. Eton, St, Mary and St. Nicholas. This college BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, chapel consists of an ante-chapel, chapel, and north porch, with a small vestry adjoining. The whole is a fine specimen of P., with very good details. Like other buildings of the same style, it is merely a simple arrangement of windows and buttresses on the sides, and larger windows at the west end. The turrets at the angles have had some curious cu- polas added, which though by no means good in themselves, are rather effective at a distance. The south porch and vestry are very good, and there is a good panelled door between them. The chapel has recently been fitted up afresh with stalls, and the windows partly filled with painted glass ; a very good original lettern has been restored to its place. In the course of the alterations, some curious paintings on the walls were discovered. The original buildings of the college are of brick, and worthy of notice as specimens of Domestic work, but the greater part of them are modern, w.c. There are engravings of the chapel, and of some of the chimneys, in Britton's Architectural Antiquities, vol. ii. ; in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 465 and 485, also the chimneys and a fine brass of Henry Bost ; and of the college in Astle and Grose's Antiquarian Repertory, vol. iii. p. 274 ; Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixviii. p. 109 ; and various views in Ackerman's Public Schools, &c. &c. 45. DiTTON, St. Mary. A small building standing in Ditton Park, (chapel of ease to Stoke Pogis,) consisting of a nave, chancel, and south porch. On the east wall of the chancel there is the date 1617, but most of the work ap- pears to be still more modern. In the open ground adjoin- ing there is a good P. font, now used as the pedestal for a sun-dial. w.c. 46. Denham, St. Mary. An ordinary church, having chancel, nave with aisles, and a western tower. The cha- racter is P., late in the style, but the whole has been much modernized. There are three plain P. arches between the nave and aisles, and a moulded south doorway. The tower is poor ; it bears on a brick in the upper part the date DEANERY OF BURNHAM. 1678. The cliurcli contains several monuments, and amongst others an altar-tomb with effigies to Sir Edward Peckham, and wife, 1564; two brasses, one to Walter Duredent and family, 1494, the other to Agnes Jordan, abbess of Sion, 1545. h.a. The brass of Agnes Jordan, 1545, is engraved by Waller. 47. UoRNEY, JSt. James. A small church, consisting only of nave and chancel. The tower is of brick, late P., the other parts are mixed D. and P. s.r.g. 48. Chenies, St. Michael. Nave with south aisle, tower and turret at the west end, chancel and north aisle. There is a very good two-light D. window on the south side of the chancel, and some of the piers and arches to the nave are also in that style, the rest is P., and not a very good speci- men of the style; most of the windows have fiat arched heads. The font is N., cup-shaped, with some good orna- ments. There are some brasses. On the north side is a chapel built in 1556, which was used for a place of sepul- ture by the Russell family. In the vault are fifty coffins with inscriptions from 1591 to 1819. This chapel contains several tombs of the dukes of Bedford, chiefly of the six- teenth and seventeenth centuries, in excellent preservation ; some are richly painted and gilt, and they form altogether a magnificent series of sepulchral memorials, w.c. and a.n. The old manor-house which formerly belonged to the Cheynies, lords of the manor, and was much improved by Lord Russell temp. Hen. VIIL, yet exists adjoining to the church. It is of brick, and highly picturesque, having numerous stepped gables and tall chimneys, ornamented with moulded brick. A south-east view of the church, the font, and the brasses of Anna Phelip, 1510, and Agnes Cheyne, and her second husband, Edmund Molynux, 1484, are given in Lipscomb, iii. 253-5 ; and a window in Brandon's Analysis of Gothic Architecture. 49. Latimer, — . Modern, 1844. Architect Mr. Blore. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 50. Farnham Royal, SI. Mary. Of mixed styles. KICKMAN. Chancel, nave, tower. The lower part of the tower E. E., the upper has been rebuilt ; the nave also rebuilt. The chancel has some D. and some P. windows. A.N. A brass to Eustace Mabcall, clerk of the works to Car- dinal Wolsey at the building of Christ Church, Oxon., being then "pistile reader" in Windsor castle: he died 1567. 51. EuLMER, St. James. Built by Sir Marmaduke Da- rell, 1610. It is of brick with stone quoins : several of the windows have painted quarries. On the south side of the chancel is a fine monument of the founder, dec. 1630. a.n. 52. Hedgerley, St. Mary. A small mean church, mostly modernized, but has part of the base of the roodloft screen. The font is circular, and enriched with shields and heads of animals, s.r.g. There is a singular palimpsest brass in this church, an account of which has been given by Mr. Albert Way, in the Archseologia, vol. xxx. p. 121. 53. HiTCHAM, >S^. J/<2ry. A small church with chancel and nave, south porch, and a low west tower. The exterior walls chiefly of flint and rubble. The east window is a fine and peculiar one, of four lights. In the chancel are two monuments, with effigies, of the sixteenth century. The chancel-arch N., but the prevailing features D. The chancel has very good windows containing beautiful coeval painted glass : on the south side of the chancel is a curious circular window containing a fohated trefoil. There is a brass in good preservation, on a P. high tomb, and there are two other brasses, s.r.g. and a.n. The brass of Nicolas Clarke, 1551, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 284. 54. HoRTON, St. Michael. Chancel, nave with south aisle, north chapel and porch, west tower. Here is a round- headed doorway, with N. mouldings and other ornaments of very great richness. There are E. E. arches between the nave and south aisle. The remainder of the church is DEANERY OF BURNHAM. chiefly plain P. of late date, and some parts modernized. The font is plain N., tub shaped, s.r.g. 55. IvER, St. Feter, Has many N. features, and five arches of that style on the north side of the nave. The chancel-arch and two small windows at the west of the aisles are E. E. The chancel is large, and has some D. windows, others P. The font has a square bowl of black marble, on a cylindrical pedestal, and four small octagonal shafts. S.R.G. A brass in chancel, c. 1500. a.n. 50. Penn, Holy Trinity. Nave, south aisle, and porches, tower at west end, chancel rebuilt in 1736. The original style of the church was E.E., but so many modern alterations have been made that there is now little of interest, w.c. The brass of John Pen, 1641, and family, is engraved in Lipscomb, iii. 291. 57. Penn Street, Holy Trinity. A new church in the D. style, cruciform, with central tower and spire, built in 1848-9, at the expense of Earl Howe, at a cost of £10,000, from the design of Mr. B. Ferrey. 58. Stoke Poges, St. Giles, An interesting church of mixed styles. The tower, which has a wooden spire, is at the east end of the north aisle of the nave, and together with the arches dividing the aisles of the nave is E. E. The chancel-arch is N., and on the north side of the chancel are some early windows closed up. Some of the windows in the aisles are D., others are double lancets within a pointed arch. The east window is P., and the south chapel of the chancel debased P., erected c. 1557. There are some good brasses in the chancel, and in the north wall a fine rich ogee arch, but the tomb, supposed to be that of Sir John Molyns, treasurer to Edward III., is destroyed. A fine D. niche in chancel. The south porch is good, wood, with pierced tracery and feathered gable, s.r.g. The font is massive, plain N. a.n. a general view of the church is engraved in Neale's Churches of Great Britain, and a window in Brandon's Analysis of Gothic Architecture. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 59. Tavlow, St. Mc/iohs. Rebuilt in vile style, s.r.g. But a fine and curious brass cross has been preserved. It is floriated, with the eifigy within the quatrefoil at the head to Nicholas de Aumberdene, " pensioner de Londres :" the stem supported on a fish: the date about 1350. There are also several other brasses, one of a " chrism child.'' a.b. The brass of Nicholas de Aumberdene is engraved in Gough's Monuments ; *' Specimens of Church Plate;" Boutell's Monumental Brasses ; and Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 300, who also gives the curious brass of Richard Manfeld, 1465, in a good civil costume, with his wife also in good costume, and his young sister in a shroud. 60. Upton, St. Laurence. Is a small N. church, with the tower between the nave and chancel, it has a fine N. doorway with good carvings. There are some plain N. and some E. E. windows. The east and west windows are P. insertions, rickman. The chancel has a plain N. vault, and the chancel-arch is also good N. The church has been abandoned and is fast falling to ruin. a.n. There are three brasses, 1480, 1500, 1599. There is a full account of this church, with engravings of the exterior of the chancel, the north door, and some tiles, in the Gent's. Mag., 1846, vol. xxvi. p. 604, and an account of a very remarkable E. E. arch of wood in the north wall of the chancel, with two engravings from drawings by Dr. Bromet, in vol. xxviii, p. 489. 61. Wexham, St. Mary. A very small church, but with remarkable features ; the windows of different styles. A single piscina, s.r.g. The nave has two small N. win- dows, but others and the door are P. The east window of chancel is D. The altar platform retains its encaustic tiles almost perfect, a.n. 62. Wyrardisbuuy, St. Andrew. Nave, north aisle, chancel, sacristy on north side. The nave and aisle are E. E., with piers of a nearly square form, having half or quarter shafts at the angles, a good north doorway. The windows are P. insertions. The nave roof is highly pitched, and DEANERY OF MURESLEY. comes down over the aisle without any break. The sacristy- is P. The east window of chancel is flowing D., with rather poor thin tracery; it has recently been restored, a.n. There is a lich-gate to the churchyard, and a brass, 1512, the figure in academical costume. Some fragments of the walls, and the seal of Ankerwycke priory, are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 593. The seal is curious, representing a very early chapel of timber. The church and lich-gate to the churchyard are also engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. pp. 611, 612. 63. Langley Marsh, St. Mary, Of mixed styles. The font is octagonal, with four-foils, rickman. Chancel with north aisle, nave with north aisle, south chapel and library, west tower. The chancel and its aisle are D., on the south side are four sedilia, a priest's door, and a window with pointed segmental arches. The nave is P., the piers dividing it from the aisles have been replaced by wooden columns. There is a plain P. rood-screen, surmounted by the com- mandments and the royal arms, with the date 1625. The pulpit, altar-rails, &c., are of the same date, as are the square brick tower, the chapel and library. The latter is a curious room, every part of it covered with coats of arms, of which there are many in the chapel, alliances of the Kidderminster family. There are also some small late brasses, a.n. In the churchyard is a very aged and magnificent yew-tree. Beancrg of iTOurcslep. 64. AsTWOOD, St. Peter. Chancel, nave with clerestory, south aisle, and modern south porch, tower at west end. Tower D. ; the windows on the south side of two and three lights are good specimens of the same style, as are the piers and arches to the nave ; clerestory and roof P.„ with flat arches to the windows, and good moulded ribs D BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, to the roof. Font D., the bowl square and quite plain, supported on four circular shafts with moulded caps and bases. Three small brass figures with an inscription have been taken from the pavement and placed in the aisle, w.c. 65. Aston Abbots, JSt. James. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower and square turret at the west end. The inner doorway of the porch is plain N., but the prevaihng style of the church is D., with P. windows inserted in various parts; a good D. piscina in south wall of chancel, w.c. 66. Cheddington, St. Giles. A small and plain P. church, with a low western tower. The nave has an aisle to the north, from which it is divided by three porches on octagonal piers. The font is octagonal of D. character, h.a. 67. Choulesbury, St. Laurence. Chancel, nave, and south porch, bell-turret at west end. Principally D., with a good three-light window at the east and west ends, those on the sides have been destroyed, but seem to have been of two lights, a good E. E. doorway in south porch. Pont E. E., a plain piscina on south side of chancel, w.c. 68. CuBLiNGTON, St. Nicliolas. A P. church, consisting of a chancel and nave. On either side of the east window is a trefoiled niche with an embattled head. Under the south-eastern window of the south wall is also a trefoiled niche, with a stone shelf, and there is a plain low side opening. The chancel-arch is P., springing from two brackets of animals. There are north and south doors, and a south porch, and in the north porch, which is now used as a vestry, is a wooden lectern, having the date 1685. The tower is P., and is at the west end. h.a. 69. Drayton Beauchamp, St. Mary. Has a chancel, nave with aisles, and a plain square embattled tower at the west end of the nave. It appears to be of two styles, D. and late P. To the former may be assigned the nave- arches, and the chancel -arch ; to the latter, the chancel, the DEANERY OF MURESLEY. clerestory of the nave, the aisles and tower. The chancel windows are plain, it has on the south side two sediha and a piscina, trefoiled and cinquefoiled, on the north side is a small trefoiled low side window. The chancel-arch is moulded D. The nave arches, four in number, have two round pillars, the remainder octagonal, all with moulded caps, of the same form as the piers. There are remains of a panelled reredos at the east end of the south aisle. The font is N., round, with a series of narrow round-headed arches panelled on it. The church contains many old seats. The east window has some P. glass representing figures of the apostles. In the chancel are two celebrated brasses to Thomas Cheyne, esq., 13C8, and WiUiam Cheyne, esq., 1375, and a small figure of a priest, 1515. There is also a large monument in white marble of Lord Newhaven, A.D. 1 728. Richard Hooker held this living in 1584. h.a. The brasses of Thomas Cheyne, esq., 1368, and of William Cheyne, esq., 1375, are engraved by Waller : and in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 333. 70. Drayton Parsloe, Holy Trinity. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower at west end. There are two late D. windows in the chancel, the east window and several others are of the same style, together with the tower. The best thing in the church is the font, which is D., hexagonal in plan, with good angular ogee canopies divided by but- tresses and pinnacles ; there are shields bearing arms at each angle, and the bowl has good bold mouldings finished by a battlement, w.c. 71. DuNTON, St. Martin. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower at west end. On the north side there are some remains of a N. doorway, now blocked up. The tower and some of the windows are E. E., some few D., the rest modern. Doorway in tower P. w.c. 72. Edlesborough, St. Mary. This church stands in a commanding position ; its character is wholly P., it con- sists of a chancel, nave with north and south aisles, a north porch, and a plain square tower at the west end of the nave. The chancel contains a trefoil-headed piscina, and a plain recessed sedile. The nave has four arches on either side on octagonal pillars, with the same number of clerestory windows above. The aisles are plain, with north and south doors. The chancel is fitted with stall-desks and seats, many of them carved with good misereres. The rood- screen is well carved with tracery, &c. The font plain, octagonal, with quatrefoils in panels on the sides. The pulpit retains its hour-glass stand. In the nave is a stone mural monument with brasses to Henry Brugis and wife, A.D. 1647. Lysons calls the north aisle RufFord's aisle, in it is an incised slab, A.D. 1479, and a brass, A.D. 1540, commemorating that family, h.a. 73. Grandborough, St. John Baptist. Nave, north porch, and chancel, tower at west end. There are some small D. remains, such as a window, and door on the south side. The rest of the church is P., with some good win- dows, w.c. 74. Grove, St. A very small church, having the nave and chancel under one roof, with a modern bell-turret at west end. There is a late P. doorway on the north side, and a D. window at the west end, with the tracery partially stopped up. w.c. 75. Hardwick, St. Mary. The tower, some windows, and the arches and piers of the nave D., one window curi- ous, being of circular form with fine mouldings. The clere- story on the south has one quatrefoil circle. Some of the windows are P. The chancel-arch round and very small, on each side of it is a hagioscope. On the south of the church a low side window, early P. Pont a circular bowl on shafts of like form, s.r.g. DEANERY OF MURESLEY. 76. Hawridge, St Mary. A small nave and chancel, modern south porch, and bell-turret. Principally E. E., with small single-light windows. West windows two-light P., east window modern. Font N., circular, w.c. 77. HoGGESTON, St. Peter and St. Paul Nave, aisles, and north porch, chancel with north aisle, tower at west end, (the upper part destroyed.) The south side of the nave is E. E., the north side D., with some few good win- dows. Chancel modern,'the upper part of tower rebuilt of wood. w.c. In this church is the tomb of the founder of a chantry, William de Bemingham, 1342, much mutilated, having his effigy with the figure of the church in his hand. * A general view of the chiirch, and the tomb, are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 382. 78. Great Horwood, St. James. Chancel with north aisle, nave, aisles and porches, tower at the west end. The piers and arches to the nave are good D., the chancel is also of that style, with very excellent doorways and windows ; the three windows on the south side are all different, the earliest being near the west end ; the east window is of four lights, with very rich flowing tracery, there are one or two straight lines in it which give it rather a late appearance ; there is a good D. piscina in south wall, the sedilia have been destroyed ; a good niche is still remaining at the east end of the south aisle. The aisle to the chancel is now used as a school-room, it has a good three-light D. window at the east end : the tower is P., and there are several windows of the same style, and also some screen-work. w.c. 79. Horwood, Little, St. Nicholas. Chancel, nave, south aisle, and porch, tower at west end. South aisle E. E., with some P. windows inserted. Tower good P. Porch and chancel modem, w.c. 80. IviNGHOE, St. Mary. This church is D., of cruciform plan, with aisles to the nave, north and south porches, a BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, square central tower and small spire ; in the chancel is an altar-tomb, ascribed to Henry de Blois, brother of King Stephen. There is a fine timber roof much enriched in parts with angels. The caps of piers are good; a good clerestory, a rich Cinque Cento pulpit, some tall poppy- heads. Font modern, but not bad. j.l.p. The tower- arches are moulded P., with a groined stone ceiling under the tower. The part of the roof over the rood-loft is more ornamented than the rest, and panelled with bosses, the north and south doorways have the ball-flower and the four-leaf flower in the hollows of the mouldings. There is a brass in the south transept to John and Alice Hunger- ford, 1594, and disused and neglected among some rub- bish is a good P. wooden lectern : there is also an iron hour-glass stand to the pulpit, h.a. There is a view of the church in the Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixxx. i. p. 209: and the effigy of John Buncombe, 1594, in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 395. 81. LiNSLADE, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, south porch, west tower. The chancel-arch is plain, semicircular, with a squint ; a low side window and some others are D., the rest P. A.N. 82. Marsworth, All Saints. Has a chancel, nave, and north aisle continued throughout, with a tower at the west end of the nave. The character of the church is plain, prin- cipally P. There is no chancel-arch, the aisle is divided by three plain arches in the nave, and two in the chancel, all having octagonal caps and pillars, but the two eastern arches being lower than the others. The tower-arch is D., with foliated caps. The tower has at each of the western angles two buttresses, and in the angle formed between them is a plain niche north and south. The altar at present is in the north aisle, the eastern end of the south aisle being occupied by an altar-tomb. There are a few ancient figured tiles, h.a. The brass of the West femily, 1681, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 414. DEANERY OF MURESLEY. 83. Mentmore, St. Mary, Chancel, nave, with clere- story, and aisles, tower at west end, north and south porches, ancient vestry on the north side of the chancel, with lean-to roof, and with a squint and priest's door. A very early D. church. There is one round-headed window on the south side of the chancel, and there are some good Transition D. windows, square-headed and pointed, in the aisles ; the clerestory windows are large P. ; all the roofs are good open oak, with carved figures ; there is a rood- screen ; the nave is of three bays, the piers have embattled capitals and foliated mouldings at the bases. The north aisle extends westward parallel with the tower ; a trefoil- headed piscina in the south aisle ; font circular, has a stem and base, with annular moulding, a.b. 84. MuRSLEY, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with aisles, south porch, west tower. The chancel is chiefly D., and has some good windows of that style ; the tower and other win- dows are P., and some debased: in the chancel is a P. tomb, with a brass, and one of the seventeenth century, a.n. In the churchyard is part of the stem of the cross. 85. Nettleden, /S'^. Z««re;2c^. Modern. 80. PiTSTONE, St. Mary. A small D. and P. church, containing a chancel, and north chancel aisle, a nave with north aisle, and a plain square embattled tower at the west end of the nave. The chancel has P. windows, on the north side at the east end of the aisle is an original vestry, with a small trefoiled single-light window at the east end. To the west of the vestry are two good D. arches, on octa- gonal piers with foliated caps, dividing the aisle and chan- cel, this aisle has square-headed windows, and a crocketed piscina in the south wall. The chancel-arch is moulded D., with a squint through the south wall. The nave has on the south side the stone newel staircase which led to the rood-loft, with a door above and below, P. windows, and a BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, plain door and porch, it opens to the north aisle by three plain P. arches on octagonal piers. This aisle is D., it has a plain door and a window of one light on either side. The tower-arch is supported by a bracket on each side. The font is round N., the base and basin escalloped with a bold cable moulding between them, the rim ornamented with roses. The pulpit carved oak, of the seventeenth century. The floor of the chancel and altar platform is formed of ancient figured tiles, of various patterns : and there are some brasses, h.a. and a.b. 87. Slapton, Holy Cross. Nave with clerestory and aisles, tower at west end, modern chancel, and modern vestry on north side. The piers and arches to the nave are late D., and there is a doorway of the same style on the south side : the general appearance of the exterior is P., but the whole has been much modernized. Font E. E. w.c. There are some brasses, a.b. 88. SouLBERY, All Saints. Chancel, nave, aisles, south porch, west tower. Chiefly D., with P. alterations and addi- tions. The priest's doorway is doubly feathered, there is a P. low side window on the north side. The nave has P. oak seats, a.n. ^"89. Stewkley, St. Mary. Is an object of curiosity, as well for its being a good N. structure, as for its having been heretofore almost constantly cited as a Saxon church, al- though there does not appear any real evidence of its erec- tion before the Conquest, and there is nothing about it to distinguish it from many churches known to be erected after the Conquest. It is of a frequent N. plan, with a short square tower between the nave and chancel, which tower is surrounded at the belfry story by a range of in- tersecting arches. There are several ornamented doors and windows, and its whole arrangement and execution is very similar to those of other well-known N. churches. DEANERY OF MtRESLEY. RiCKMAN. The chancel has a window on either side splayed towards the interior, the window arches are orna- mented with two orders of zigzag, and one on the exterior. The east window is, on the exterior, a triplet of zigzag arches, the centre one only being pierced ; under all the windows is a stringcourse of zigzag moulding, externally. On the north side of the chancel is a plain oblong Easter sepulchre, and in the south wall is a plain P. piscina, and a stone seat running all along the south side, the eastern end being elevated, and separated by an elbow- rest. The tower rests on four arches, the fronts of the piers on which they rest are plain, with two shafts at the angles, having scolloped capitals, the imposts continued as a string, the inner order of the eastern arch is ornamented with beak heads, and the outer with two courses of zigzag. Under the tower is a window, north and south, similar to the others, the same stringcourse being continued under them, and forming a hood-moulding to a door leading to a newel staircase. The western tower-arch is very similar to the eastern, except that the outer course of zigzag springs from heads. The nave has two windows on either side, precisely similar to the rest. The same stringcourse is carried over the three doors, of which the south door is recessed, with an obtuse inner arch on plain imposts, and an outer arch ornamented with zigzag, and a label with the pellet orna- ment, the exterior stringcourse being carried over all ; this door has a P. porch. The north door is precisely similar to that on the south. The west end is rich ; it has a door- way recessed with three rows of zigzag, the inner course being carried throughout: the other arches, one on each side the central arch, spring from shafts, the interior arches having a row of cable moulding, they are not pierced. Above them is a window similar to those above described. The tower has on all the external faces an arcade of pointed I BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, afches, with zigzag mouldings, on plain caps ; the central arch on each side is pierced with a round-headed loop. The font is plain, round, N. There is a corbel-table round all the church, except the tower, consisting of blocks, some of them cut into figures and heads. The roofs have all been considerably lowered, as is apparent from the weather mouldings, h.a. A general view is engraved in Grose's Antiquities ; the arches at the west end, chancel, and general view in LysoDs ; general view, and plan, in Britton's Antiquities, vol. ii. ; the font in Archseologia, vol. x. pi. 17 ; the chancel in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 474 ; and general view in Petit's Remarks on Architec- tural Character, folio. 90. SwANBouRNE, St. SwitMn. Nave with clerestory, north aisle, and south porch, chancel, and tower at west end. The lower part of the tower is E. E., and the upper stages early P. The chancel is also E. E., with good lancet windows. The rest of the church P., and rather late. w.c. 91. ToTTENHALL or ToTTENHOE, St GUes. A small, mean building, rebuilt in 1540, but for some time dis- used and desecrated, then repaired and reconsecrated in 1636. LYSONS. 92. Whitchurch, St. John the Evangelist. Chancel, nave, with clerestory, aisles, and south porch, tower at west end. This church has been a fine specimen of E. E., but is now much altered ; there is a fine doorway of that style in the tower, having clustered shafts with foliated capi- tals and good arch mouldings. Above is the outline of a rich D. window, with niches on the splay of the jamb ; the tra- cery has been destroyed, and a P. window inserted. Some of the piers to the nave are E. E., others early D., but all good as to detail. There are some very good D. windows in the aisles. The chancel is early D., with very good two- light windows on the sides. The east window has either been very badly restored or else is entirely modern. There DEANERY OF MURESLEY. are good D. sedilia and piscina in the south wall of the chancel, and the remains of some rich D. screen- work across the chancel-arch : the clerestory is P. w.c. There is an engraving of the piscina &c. in the Gent's. Mag., Ixvi. 841 ; a view of the church and the sedilia in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 617. The manor of Creslow is properly a distinct parish, but the church has been long destroyed, and it is now reckoned as part of Whitchurch. There are two views of the manor-house of Creslow, a building of the six- teenth century, in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 325. 93. Whaddon, SL Mary. Chancel with north chapel, nave with aisles, north and south porches, and west tower. The chancel has an E. E. piscina and sedilia, but the east window, priest's door, and low side window are D. The chapel is D., with a sepulchral recess nearly opposite the low side window; eastward of this is a P. tomb, with a tester, and brass inlaid. The walls of the nave are D., piers and arches Transition N., windows P., font E.E. Within each door are stoups. a.n. The remains of Snel- shall priory in this parish are plain Norman work with a later superstructure. ■ The font is engraved in Archseologia, vol. x. pi. 24 ; and the priory in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 504. 94. WiNGE, All Saints. Chancel, nave with clere- story, aisles and porches, tower at west end. The piers and arches to the nave are plain N., and the chancel appears to have been of that style, but it is now much modernized and some P. windows inserted. There are some good early D. windows in various parts of the church, but the general style is P., the tower and south porch being fine specimens of that style. The former has a good doorway and win- dows, the whole finished with a good battlement. The porch is in two bays with good windows on the sides, and i BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, a niche over the doorway ; the north doorway is D., en- riched with flowers. Font P., some fine wooden screen- work and a few open seats remain, w.c. The most remarkable church in the county, with sup- posed Saxon work, a polygonal apse elevated with a crypt beneath ; the altar-slab remains in the pavement, and there is a rood-loft, approached by a newel staircase, in the south wall, and a late brass, a.b. There are engravings of the font and the roof in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 627. 95. WiNGRAVE, St Feter and St. Faul. Chancel, nave with clerestory and aisles, tower at west end. The earliest work here is in the chancel, which has remains of N. work, with a good plain arcade in the interior, but D. and P. windows have been inserted in various parts. Piers and arches of nave late D., general style of the exterior late P., with good windows, south porch modern. The whole of the upper part of the chancel-arch is stopped up. w.c. 96. Win SLOW, St. Laurence. Chancel, nave with aisles and south porch, tower at west end. Some D. windows at the west end seem to be the earliest work now remaining in this church. The general style is P., with good details, but without any thing calling for particular remark, w.c. There is a general view of the church in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 548. Beancrp o! iStfcoport. 97. Bletchley, St. Mary. Chancel with north aisle, nave with aisles, clerestory, and south porch, tower at west end. With the exception of a D. window on the south side, and a doorway of the same style on the north, the whole of the exterior is P. The tower very good, with pin- DEANERY OF NEWPORT. nacles at the angles, and good double windows. on each face of the upper stage. Most of the windows are square- headed, and have good tracery ; piers and arches D. w.c. There is an effigy of Lord Grey of Wilton on a high tomb, A.D. 1442. The church was restored in a bad style, with painted Grecian panelling, by Browne WilHs, who also added the pinnacles of the tower, recast the bells, and gave the font, the whole at a cost of £1,346. There are also some brasses of the seventeenth century, a.b. There is a view of the church in Lipscomb, yol. iv. p. 25 ; and in the Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixiv. p. 305. 98. Bradwell, St. Laurence. Nave with south aisle and north porch, tower at west end, and chancel. E. E. and D., with some few good windows of each style. P. windows have been inserted in various places, w.c. 99. Brickhill (Bow), All Saints. Chancel, nave with aisles and south porch, tower at the west end. The whole a good specimen of P., without the least mixture of any other style, or the introduction of modern windows ; the windows are nearly all square-headed. Attached to the north pier of the chancel-arch is a good oak pulpit, with tracery in the head of the panels and crocketed canopies. There is also some good screen- w^ork across the chancel-arch. The font is a tolerable specimen of the same style, w.c. This church was also restored by Browne Willis in 1757. a.b. 100. Brickhill (Great), St. Mary. Chancel, nave with aisles and south porch, tower and turret in the centre. There is nothing in this church earlier than P., with the exception of a D. doorway on the north side, now stopped up. w.c. 101. Brickhill (Little), St. Mary. Chancel, with ves- try on south side, nave with south aisle and porch, tower at the west end. The tower is D., with some P. windows inserted, the porch of the same style. The whole of the BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, windows, and the north and east walls of the chancel, are modern ; the whole building is in a very ruinous state. There is a small piscina in the south wall of the chancel, w.c. 102. Broughton, St. Laurence, Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower at the west end. Principally very early D., with some good two and three-light windows. Some good three-light P. windows have been inserted in various places. There is a good staircase-turret at the north-east angle of nave. w.c. There is a low side win- dow on the south side of the chancel. Some very curious frescoes of the Last Judgment, the Passion, St. Dunstan, and St. George, have lately been uncovered. There are brasses of John de Broughton and his wife, A.D. 1399 and 1403, and two coped coffin-lids in the churchyard, a.b. 103. CaJjYerton, All Saints. Rebuilt, 1825. There is a view of the old church in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 87. 104. Chicheley, St. Laurence. Chancel, nave with clerestory and north aisle, south porch with room over, tower in centre. Much of the work is good D., with clustered shafts in the nave, and two very good three- light windows at the west end. The tower is P., with double windows on each face of the upper stage ; these window^s have good tracery and transoms. There is also a good three-hght window in the lower stage. Chancel modern, with Corinthian pilasters, w.c. There is a brass to Anthony Cave and wife, 1558. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 97. 105. Clifton Reynes, St. Mary. Chancel with north aisle, nave with aisles and south porch, tower at west end. General style early D., with good clustered piers in the nave and chancel. Some of the windows are of two lights and very good, others are P., and some modern. There is a very good piscina in the south wall of chancel, and a good D. tomb with a curious wooden effigy in the DEANERY OF NEWPORT. north wall, the canopy has good hanging tracery. There are also two fine altar- tombs in the chancel, each with two effigies, (male and female,) one has the sides filled with tracery in square panels, the other has niches and rich canopies. All the interior fittings are modern, w.c. ^* 106. Crawley (North), St. Firmin. Chancel, nave with clerestory, aisles and porch, tower at west end. The whole external appearance of the nave is P., with good windows; the clerestory windows are of the same style, with flat arches. The tower is plain, the chancel is early D., with good windows, that at the east end has three lights with circles and quatrefoils in the head ; there is also a fine doorway on the south side of the chancel, with good shafts and mouldings. A small D. piscina on south side. The most attractive thing in the church is a fine rood-loft screen, which remains in a very perfect state, it is a rich D. specimen of open screen- work, divided into sixteen compartments, the whole of the tracery and ornaments are good ; in the panels at the base sixteen figures are painted, these are well drawn and in excellent condition, some wear crowns and ermine, others mitre and crozier, and all carry scrolls bearing inscriptions ; this is a very interesting re- main, and it is seldom so great a variety of costume can be found in one place. The roof to both nave and chancel is fine P., the principals are supported by carved upright figures, and the spaces between are panelled, with finely moulded ribs, having rich bosses at their intersections. Font plain, with a central shaft and clustered shafts round it. The piers and arches to the nave are early D., some of the former octagonal, and others clustered, w.c. There is a brass of Dr. Garbrand, 1589, with hour-glass and scull. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 132. ^" 107. Emberton, Jll Samfs. Chancel, nave with clerestory, aisles, and porches, tower at west end. The BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, church is D., with much fine work remaining. The chancel has a very fine five-hght window at the east end, the head filled with the most elaborate tracery ; on each side of the window is a good buttress, having a niche with angular crocketed canopy, and a short pinnacle; there are two windows on each side of the chancel, each of three lights, the tracery not so rich but perhaps of better design than the east window; the two nearest to the nave have low side openings under them, separated by transoms. All the windows in the aisles have been deprived of their tracery. The lower part of the tower is D., with a good doorway, but the upper stage has P. windows. The chancel has a good cornice of masks and flowers. There are good sedilia and piscina in the south wall. A good brass of a priest, 1410, with a curious inscription, w.c. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 141. 108. Gayhurst, St. Peter. Rebuilt in 1728. The manor-house or hall is a fine Elizabethan mansion. The house is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 163. 109. GoLDiNGTON (Stoke), St. Peter. Chancel with south aisle, nave with aisles and south porch, tower at west end. The piers and arches to the nave, and a door- way in the north aisle, are E. E., the lower part of the tower D., the windows and upper part P. The east win- dows of aisle and chancel good D., some P. square-headed windows inserted in various parts. Font N. w.c. ' IS" 110. Hanslope, St. James. Chancel with south aisle, nave, clerestory, aisles, and porches, and tower and spire at west end. This church appears to have been N. and E. E.; there are still considerable remains of the former style in the chancel ; a fine doorway in the north wall, with zigzag and other ornaments in the arch; also some extensive remains of piers and arches, and a good DEANERY OF NEWPORT. cornice of masks. The chancel-arch is of the same style, perfectly plain, and supported on each side by fine piers with good capitals. There are but two E. E. windows re- maining. The rest of the church is P., the best part being the tower and spire. The upper stage has good double windows on each face, the buttresses panelled, and ter- minating in very good octagonal pinnacles ; the flying but- tresses have pierced quatrefoils, and the spire itself has good windows and richly crocketed ribs. w.c. The spire was destroyed by lightning June 23, 1804, and rebuilt by subscription at a cost of upwards of £1000. There are engravings of the church prior and subsequent to the accident in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1799, vol. Ixix., and 1805, vol. Ixxv. 111. Castlethorpe, ^t. Mary. Chancel, nave, aisles, clerestory, modern tower at west end. The piers and arches to the nave are very early E. E., hardly removed from N. A good three-light D. window at east end of chan- cel, and some others of the same style on the sides. The clerestory and some other portions P. Font N. w.c. 112. Hardmead, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with clere- story, aisles and porches, tower at west end. Style gene- rally good D., with some very good two and three-light windows, but without any thing requiring particular notice. Tower P. East end of chancel modern, w.c. 113. IIaversham, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, aisles, clerestory, and south porch, tower at west end. The tower, porch, piers and arches of nave, and one or two windows, are E. E., there are some good D. two and three-light windows, the clerestory and the remaining parts P. w.c. There is a female effigy on a high tomb under a rich canopy, supposed to be that of Elizabeth Lady Clinton. The south-east view of the church is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 204, and the high tomb of Lady Clinton in Lysons. 114. Lathbury, All Saints. Chancel, nave, aisles, and F BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, south porch, tower at west end. The earhest work is N., of which style the south doorway and some piers and arches on that side are plain examples. Tower E. E., with a later battlement added. The rest D., with good four- light windows at east end, some two-light windows on the south side, and good sedilia and piscina, w.c. There is a south-east view of the church in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 204. 115. Lavendon, jSt. Mary. An oblong church of the usual plan. The chancel on the north side has two slender lancets widely splayed inwards. The east window and the eastern window on the south side are P., under the latter are three plain seats : on the same side is also a P. cinque- foiled piscina, a priest's door, and a square-headed P. win- dow of two lights, which has been inserted into a double E. E. lancet. The chancel-arch is plain. The nave has three acute plain arches on the south side, resting on round piers with square imposts. The three northern arches are also similar but less lofty, they are all of Transition N. character. The caps to the northern arches are plain, while those to the south have heads beneath the abaci. In the south aisle are a recessed trefoiled niche, and a small trefoiled piscina ; the south doorway is E. E., with a plain P. porch and a room over it. The north aisle has a good moulded E. E. doorway and a P. porch. The tower-arch is round, of simple N. character, the tower has plain round- headed loops, widely splayed inwards. This tower is one of those which has been supposed to be of Saxon date. The font is octagonal, with panelled tracery and flowers on the sides of the basin, h.a. The seal of the abbey of Lavendon is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 215. 116. Brayfield, St. ^ Mary. Chancel with north aisle, nave with north porch, tower at west end. The whole very plain E. E. ; perhaps the best part of the church is the porch, the outer and inner doorways of which are very good. w.c. DEANERY OF NEWPORT. 117. LiNFORD (Great), St. Andrew, Chancel, nave, aisles and south porch, tower at w^est end. The whole of this church seems to have been fine early D., but some trouble has been taken to disfigure it as much as possible. The piers to the nave are cased up in wood, and the tracery of all the windows destroyed. They appear to have been of three lights, those on the south side have rich four-leaved flowers round the outer moulding, the east end of the porch has a piece of tracery repeated twice in the thickness of the wall, the intervening space being left hollow, w.c. 118. Little LiNFORD, /S'/. ^;2^r^M7. Modern. 119. LouGHTON, All Saints. Nave, south aisle and porch, tower at west end, and chancel. Principally P., with very good windows. There are some small remains of earlier work, but nothing calling for any particular remark, w.c. iSP° 120. Milton Keynes, All Saints. Chancel with north aisle, nave with south porch, tower on north side. The whole a very beautiful specimen of D., without any mixture of other styles. The windows are mostly of three lights, many of them very curious, but all excellent ; there are some of two lights on the north side of the chancel equally good. The buttresses are in two stages, many of them with cano- pies and richly crocketed pinnacles. The arches dividing the chancel from its aisle are now bricked up, and the aisle used as a school-room, but enough remains to shew that the circular piers have fine moulded caps and bases. The sedilia and piscina in the south wall are very fine, they have detached shafts and rich open tracery in the heads. The tower has a fine three-light window on the north side, the upper portion and the west front are unfortunately modern ; the porch is one of the most striking parts of the church, the inner doorway has rich hanging tracery, and on the flat space between the arch and drip moulding is the ball-flower, connected by a sort of tendril : the sides BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, of the porch are open, divided into three compartments by circular shafts, above which is open tracery. This church deserves attentive examination, it has a great variety of rich detail, and all very uncommon, w.c. In the aisle or chapel on the north side of the chancel are two very remarkable low side windows on either side of the north door : the east one very low, with a four-centred head, now bricked up, the hinge of the shutter remaining ; the other E. E., with a window above, included in one internal four-centred arch. In this chapel is a piscina with a cinquefoiled head, and the ball-flower in the mouldings. On the floor of the chancel is the brass of Adam Babington, rector, dec. 1427. a. b. 121. MouLSOE, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with aisles and south porch, tower at west end ; there is a clerestory to the nave, but it appears to be modern. The whole church is a very good specimen of D., some of the two and three- light windows are of very good design, particularly one at the east end of north aisle, there is one of four lights at the east end of the south aisle, but much of the tracery is destroyed. East window modern. A brass to Richard Moulsoe and wife, 1528. w.c. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 255. 122. Newport Pagnel, St. Peter and St. Paul. Is a large church, which has lately been repaired; there is a west tower, nave with aisles, chancel, north and south porch. The tower is P., as is the chancel; the tower cornice and pinnacles new; the north aisle is P. ; the south aisle modern. There are some good D. stalls, and a D. south porch late in the style, with hanging tracery; the north porch is of an earlier date. There are some good wooden roofs, rickman. The north porch has a groined vault, and a chamber above, now used as a vestry : the south porch has a fine E. E. arcade. There is also a hand- some cinquefoiled arcade in the south aisle, and a piscina DEANERY OF NEWPORT. in the chancel. The nave is of six large bays, with some early D. windows, a.b. The church is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 418. * 123. Newton Blossom ville, St Nicholas. Chancel with north aisle, nave, north aisle, and south porch, tower and turret at west end. There are two fine three-light D. windows at the east end, and some of two lights on the south side equally good ; some P. windows have been in- serted on the north side : the tower is also P. ; a piscina in the south wall of chancel, w.c. 124. Newton Longueville, St. Faith. Chancel with north aisle, nave with clerestory, aisles and porches, tower at west end. The piers and arches to the nave are good plain E. E., the porches and the font are also plain specimens of the same style; the tower, the chancel, the clerestory, and the whole of the external windows, are P.; the nave and aisles have good oak roofs, the principals of which are supported by stone corbels, w.c. This church was partly rebuilt by New College, Oxford, soon after receiving the advowson from Henry VI. in 1442. "At the east end of the chancel, on the outside, is a figure of St. Faith, to whom the priory was dedicated. In the chancel are two piscinae, on one of which are the arms of New College." lysons. ^" 125. Olney, St. Peter and St. Paul. Chancel, nave, aisles and porches, tower and spire at west end. A very fine D. church, without any mixture of other styles. The tower has a fine west doorway and very good two-Ught windows ; the spire (an uncommon feature in this county) rises from a good cornice of masks and flowers, and has small octagonal pinnacles at the angles, there are four win- dows on each of the square sides of the spire, the three lowest being of two lights, and all with good tracery and canopies. The windows on the sides of the nave and chan- cel are of three lights with very rich tracery, and of great BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, variety : the whole of these windows have been restored, and to all appearance faithfully ; the east window is very late. The cornice to the chancel is rich in masks and flowers, there are also some fine gurgoyles, and very good piscina and sedilia. w.c. A general view of the church, and four corbel-heads, are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 308. 126. Ravenstone, All Saints. Chancel with south aisle, nave with clerestory and south aisle, tower at the west end. General style plain E. E., but most of the windows are modern. Clerestory P. w.c. A fragment of a D. niche from the ancient priory, and two seals, are en- graved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 314. 127. Shenley Mansell, St. Mary. A cross church, with aisles, clerestory, and south porch to the nave. The tower in the centre has a good octagon staircase -turret, one of the few instances in this county of the turret rising above the tower. The earliest part is the chancel, which is Transition from N. to E. E. ; in the interior the single-light windows and a doorway on the north side are very ex- cellent, the shafts have bands and rich capitals, and the mouldings of the arch are equally good ; there are some very fine corbels composed of clustered shafts with rich capitals, but the roof which they once supported is gone ; some of the piers and arches to the nave are E. E., others D.: many of the windows are good D., but as usual P. windows have been introduced, w.c. 128. Sherrington, St. Laud. Chancel, nave, clere- story, aisles, and south porch with room over, tower and turret in centre. General style good D., with some fine three-light windows on the south side. The piers and arches to the nave are very good, circular on the north and octagonal on the south side, in both cases with good moulded capitals. The east window is D., but on the south 1 DEANERY OF NEWPORT. side of chancel they are good P. ; the tower also is of the latter style, with good double windows on each face of the upper stage ; about half way up the tower flat arches spring from the buttresses, and carry an additional thick- ness of wall : west window fine P., of five lights, w.c. 129. Simpson, SL Nicholas. A cross chiu-ch, with cen- tral tower and south porch. The general style is D., with good two and three-light windows, but without any thing sufficiently] striking to call for particular notice ; the west window is of four lights, very good P., east window of the same style, square-headed. Tower P. w.c. 130. Stanton Bury, /S'/. jPt-Z^r. Nave with south porch, chancel. The chancel-arch is good N., enriched with the zig- zag and other ornaments, the piers supporting it have good capitals : there are one or two E. E. windows remaining, but nothing of any interest, w.c. 131. Stokk Hammond, St. Mary. A small cross church, with south porch, and low tower in the centre ; the tower was probably originally E. E., but the upper part is now clearly P. : the chancel has one or two D. windows and a door ; the rest of the church is P. : there is a good screen across chancel-arch. The font is late N. and curious, having four detached shafts, and a central stem. w.c. A view of the church, and the font, are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 363. 132. Stratford, Fenny, St. Martin. A plain red brick building with stone dressings, style debased Gothic, date about 1650. w.c. 133. Stratford, Stoney, St. Mary Magdalen. Burnt all but tower in 1742, and not rebuilt. 134. Stratford, Stoney, St. Giles, Rebuilt all but the tower in 1 776. The tower is P., buUt in 1487. One of the Eleanor crosses formerly existed here, but there are now no re- mains of it. 135. Tyringham, St, Peter. Chancel, nave, south BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, porch, tower at west end. The tower is late P., and almost the only ancient part left. w.c. 136. FiLGROVE, /S'^f. il/^/y. Church destroyed. 137. Walton, St. Michael, Chancel, nave, south porch, tower at west end. General style D., with good windows of two and three lights. The cornice is curious ; it is small, and is principally composed of a hollow with grotesque heads at intervals. Tower good P. w.c. There is a low side window west of the priest's door. a.b. iS° 138. Wavendon, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with aisles, clerestory and south porch, tower at west end. The chancel, which has recently been rebuilt at the expense of the rector, is early D., and has a fine east window of four lights, a double piscina of curious design, and triple sedilia, the sedile farthest from the altar is the largest of the three, and has a semicircular head, the other two being lancet- pointed : on the north side is an arcade containing four stone stalls recessed in the wall, with plain semicircular arches. The piers and arches to the nave are very fine D., and by an unusual arrangement of the pews, which are con- fined to the aisles, they are well seen. There are some very excellent windows of two lights in the aisles, especially one of three lights at the east end of the north aisle. The whole of the roofs, which have been restored, the clerestory and tower, are good P. This church was rebuilt under the direction of Mr. Butterfield in 1848-9. h.b. 139. Weston Underwood, St. Laurence. Chancel, nave with aisles, clerestory and north porch, tower at west end. The whole of the exterior is P., with very good three-light square-headed windows in the aisles, and equally good two lights with arched heads in the clerestory; chancel and tower, piers and arches to nave, plain E. E. ; font of the same style, w.c. A good brass of Elizabeth Hungerford, 1553. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iv. p. 405. DEANERY OF WADDESDON. 140. WiLLEN, St. Mary. Erected in 1660 by Dr. Busby, head master of Westminster, who endowed it, and gave a library for the use of the vicar, w.c. There is a view of the church in Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixii. 1168. 141. WoLVERTON, Holy Trinity. Rebuilt in 1815 in the Norman style. 141 *. WoLVERTON, St. George. A modern church near the railway station, built in 1843-4 in the E. E. style, chiefly at the expense of the London and Birmingham Railway Company. 142. WoLSTON, Little, Holy Trinity. Modern. 143. WoLSTON, Great, Holy Trinity. Chancel, nave, south porch, and modern bell-turret on west gable. The only things worth notice are some three-light D. windows, which are good specimens of the style. Porch, late P. w.c. 144. WouGHTON, St.3fary. Chancel, nave, south aisle and porch, tower at west end. General style D., with very good two and three-light windows. Porch good, with a small two-light window on each side. Tower P. w.c. i9cancr|) of aSBabbcstion. 145. Ashendon, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with clere- story, south aisle and porch, tower at west end. The tower and some of the windows are early D., a window of three lights on the south side is particularly good; some P. windows and a door have been inserted in the tower and chancel ; the clerestory is also of that style, w.c. 146. DoRTON, St. JoJin Baptist. Chancel, nave, south aisle and porch, bell-turret at west end. With the excep- tion of one or two E. E. windows, there is nothing remain- ing of any interest, w.c. The south view of the church is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 245. G BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 147. Aston Sandford, St. Michael. A small plain clmrch, without aisles or tower. It has a wooden bellcot at the west end, supported by a buttress up the centre of the west front. The chancel windows are good small D. single . lights ; at the east end are two similar windows which have been modernized, it has a small figure of the Saviour in good D. glass. The chancel-arch has lately been altered, the windows of the nave were similar to the chancel, but some of them are modernized. The font is modern. There is an early king-post and tie-beam in the chancel, but the rest of the roof is plastered over, i.h.p. There is a woodcut of the church from the south-east in Lipscomb, i. 50. 148. Brill, All Saints. Tower plain P., two N. door- ways, a very good E. E. window at the east end of the north aisle ; the north wall is modern, and the rest of the church modernized, i.h.p. 149. BoARSTALL, St. Jamcs. Modern, with the old materials used. The remains of the cross are still in the churchyard, i.h.p. Near the church is a fine P. gate-house, with the original turrets and chimneys, and one of the fire-places. Some Elizabethan work is introduced, i.h.p. There is a bird's-eye view of the tower, &c., in Archaeologia, vol. iii. pL 15 ; and Lipscomb's History, vol. i. p. 76. 150. Chearsley, St. Nicholas. Chancel, nave, modern south porch, and a good P. tower and staircase-turret at the west end. The church seems originally to have been E. E., and there are still some single-light windows and a doorway of that style remaining, but P. windows have been inserted in various parts, particularly in the chancel. There is a good E. E. cross on east end of nave. w.c. There is a brass of John Erankelyn and wife, 1462. There are views of the church in the Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixxix,, p. 497 ; and in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 142. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 125. DEANERY OF WADDESDON. 151. Chilton, St. Mary. Chancel with south aisle, nave, south transept and porch, tower and turret on north side. The outhne of the tower is E. E., but the windows are D., one of three lights on the east side very good. Transept E. E., with a triplet enclosed in an arch ; there is a good D. screen dividing the chancel from its aisle : the other parts of the church are late P. with good windows, the porch has a room over, and a good staircase-turret leading to it. In the chancel there are some stalls with rich panelling and poppy-heads. Font D., with good bold mouldings. There is a stone reading-desk. w.c. 152. Easington, All Saints, No church remaining. Parish united with Chilton. 153. Claydon, Middle, All Saints. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower at west end. The nave is very early D., with some plain two-light windows on the sides. Tower P., chancel P., very late in the style, with three-hght windows on the sides, and one of five lights at the east end. There is a brass to Roger Gyffard and wife, 1542, and Isabelle Giflard, 1523; and another to Alexander Anne, presbyter, 1526. w.c. The brasses are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 193. 154. Claydon, East, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with south porch and vestry, and a small chapel on south side, tower at west end. The chapel is E. E., a doorway and two-light window on the north side of the chancel are good D., the former ornamented with the four-leaved flower. Tower and some other parts P. w.c. 155. Crendon, Long, St. Mary. A mixed church, cru- ciform, with tower in the centre, and aisles to the nave only ; the chancel is E. E., with a modern east window. The tower- arches are E. E., the upper part of the tower P., with an octagonal bell-turret carried above the level of the battle- ment. The north transept has a fine D. window, the south BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, is Elizabethan. The nave has two E. E. arches on each side. The north aisle is D., the south P. The font is very good P. A brass, 1468. i.h.p. In this parish are the remains of Notley Abbey, founded by Walter Giffard 1162. There is some very fine E. E. work, consisting of the reredos of an altar, a trefoiled arcade, stringcourses, and doorways, the work of which is very good, and the sculptures very rich; there are also some arches of earlier character, and a farm-house which appears to be c. Hen. VI. i.h.p. The church is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 216 ; the corbel-table in Lysons, and in Rickman, fifth edition. 156. Fleet Marston, 8t. Mary. Nave, south porch, chancel. Probably all D. Nave has P. windows, small and plain. The chancel had originally three small single- light windows, on the north side a square-headed one has been inserted, a.n. 157. Grendon Underwood, St. Leonard. Chancel and nave, with tower at the west end. There is a very good E. E. doorway on the south side, the shafts of which are gone, but the foliated capitals are still remaining ; there has been some rich foliage in the arch, but it is now destroyed. The chancel is early D., with plain two-light windows and a good piscina in the south wall, partly hidden by a modern monument. Tower P. w.c. iS" 158. IcKFORD, St. Nicholas. A very pretty little church of mixed styles, consisting of chancel, nave with aisles, and west tower. The chancel is E. E., with lancet windows on the side, the east window is D. of three hghts with flowing tracery, the two western windows of the chan- cel are P., with transoms and low side openings under them. There is a small E. E. doorway on the south side, the east window on this side is square-headed of two hghts, and a curious specimen of the transition from D. to P. ; there are DEANERY OF WADDESDON. good E. E. strings, both inside and outside of the walls, there is a plain E. E. piscina, with the projecting basin per- fect, and there are two plain brackets in the east wall : the chancel-arch is E. E., with shafts of early character. The nave has three E. E. arches on each side, with capitals and bases partaking of N. character, the hoodmoulds have very good terminations ; the south aisle has a N. window, with an E. E. niche close to it, and a good E. E. doorway with banded shafts ; the porch is also E. E. but mutilated : the north aisle also has a N. window, and a very pretty E. E. one, with a trefoil inner arch under a square head and rose, in the spandrels ; also aD. window, square-headed, of three lights, with fine mouldings. The font is plain, round, on a solid base, probably E. E. The tower is very good E. E., with a saddle-back roof, the gable on the east and west sides, with crosses on both of them ; the west front of the 4;ower is particularly good, with a lancet window below, and two trefoil-headed windows in the belfry ; on the east side the belfry window is of two lights, with a quatrefoil in the head, the tower-arch is good E.E., with slender shafts having elegant capitals, i.h.p. The church is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 285. 159. Ilmer, St. Peter, A small church, consisting of chancel, nave, and north porch. Style principally D., but without any thing worthy of remark. D. sedilia in south wall; a P. screen across the chancel-arch. w.c. 160. Kingsey, St. Nicholas, Rebuilt about 1800, as bad as possible, but a good incised slab of the fourteenth century, to John de Hedenham, has been preserved, i.h.p. 161. Ludgershall, St. Mary. Chancel P., with a modern east window, roof Elizabethan. The nave has three arches on each side, E. E. The caps of the two western pillars are carved with bold projecting figures ; the other caps are moulded, two D., and two E. E. The tower is BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, built within the west end on buttresses, with D. arches inserted under the E. E. ones. The north-west cap has the tooth ornament very bold. The east window of the north aisle is very fine D., having some painted glass. The other windows are P. insertions. The font Transition N., the tower good D., west window good D. with flowing tracery. There is a sanctus bell-cot at the east end of the nave, and a tomb with late brasses on south side of chancel, i.h.p. The brass of Anne Englishe, 1565, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 321. ig^ 162. Marston, North, St. Mary. This is one of the finest churches in the neighbourhood, it consists of a chancel, nave with clerestory, aisles, and south porch, a tower at the west end, with a vestry on the north side, the latter having a room over it. The original style of this church seems to have been E. E., or at least it was commenced when that style prevailed, as some E. E. piers and arches are still remaining on the north side; on the south side they are D., and rather curious in form. The whole of the south aisle is D., there is a rich piscina in the south wall, a very good three-light window with a niche on each side at the east end, and a squint, all profusely ornamented with the four-leaved flower; the south doorway is plain, but has very good mouldings ; the tower is also in the same style, but is'much defaced, and has some P. additions. The chancel^ is a remarkably fine specimen of P., the whole of the details of an excellent character. The exterior is rich in buttresses, pinnacles, windows and battlements. The interior has fine sedilia and piscina in the south wall, and rich niches on each side of the east window, the whole much mutilated; there are also some fine oak stalls with rich panelling and poppy heads ; the door on the north side leading to the vestry is a rich piece of panelling, and the vestry itself is a fine room, having a good water-drain on the south side, a window on the east, and a fire-place on DEANERY OF WADDESDON. the north : a staircase leads from this room to that above, which has also a fire-place, and a staircase leading to the roof, both these rooms have good panelled ceilings; the roofs of both nave and chancel are of oak supported on stone corbels. The font is D., the bowl supported by angels springing from the shaft, w.c. The south view of the church, a D. and a P. piscina, the P. font, and the brass of Richard Sanders, 1602, are engraved in Lipscomb, i. 344 — 347. 163. Oakley, St. Mary. The tower very good D., with a remarkably bold stair-turret at the south-east angle, rising above the tower with a good finial. A D. chapel on the south side projecting like a transept, with good D. windows, and at the south end on the outside is a sepulchral recess with a cinquefoiled arch. The nave-arches are Transition N., the south doorway D., windows P., north windows D. Font plain, round, Transition N., chancel debased P. i.h.p. A south view of the church and the plan are engraved in Lipscomb, i. 361. 164. OviNG, All Saints. Chancel, nave, south aisle and porch, tower at west end. Principally E. E., with plain single-light windows in the chancel, a good three-light D. window at east end of aisle, P. windows inserted in various parts of the church. Tower P. w.c. 165. PiTCHCOTT, St. Giles. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower at west end. Principally plain E. E., with single -light windows in the chancel, P. windows inserted in various parts : tower P., but with many modern alterations ; a good E. E. cross on east end of chancel, w.c. 166. QuAiNTON, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, aisles and south porch, tower and turret at west end. This church was originally D., the piers and arches to the nave, and also the tower, are still of that style, the latter having a plain moulded doorway and one or two good windows remaining : the whole of the windows both to the nave and chancel are late P., and many have their tracery destroyed ; there is BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, a rood-loft staircase on the north side. w.c. A brass in fine preservation to John Spence, rector, 1485, and a remark- able female half figure on brass, Johane Plesh, c. 1360. a.b. These brasses and three others are engraved in Lipscomb, i. 428 — 432. 167. Shabbington, St. Mary Magdaleji. A small plain church, the chancel good D. with the original windows, a niche with an ogee head by the side of the east window, a five-foiled piscina, a square low side opening on the north side, and a good gable cross. The nave spoiled, the tower at the west end late and poor P., the doorways plain D., and the font plain, octagonal, cup shaped. The north porch has a D. barge-board, i.h.p. 168. Waddesdon, St. Michael. Chancel, nave with clerestory, aisles and south porch, tower at west end. The earliest work in the church is N., one or two of the piers of the nave and the inner doorway of the porch being of that style, though rather late. The tower, south porch, and the piers and arches to the nave, are generally good plain E. E., some parts of the chancel are D., but P. windows have been inserted there, as also in the tower and other parts of the church ; the clerestory is entirely P. w.c. There are several stone coffin-lids in the floor of the church. The font is D., octagonal, panelled, with shields, &;c. A brass of a figure in a shroud is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 510. 169. WiNCHENDON, UppER, St. Mary Magdalen. Chancel, nave, tower. The tower is good massive P., at the south-east angle it has a turret, capped by a pointed stone roof. The rest of the church has been late N., but has windows inserted in the nave. Near the east end of the nave a small round-headed window remains near the ground. The chancel has at the east end two round-headed win- dows rather long, no appearance of a third. A brass to Sir John Stodeley, vicar, in good preservation, a.n. The south-west view of the church is given in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 570. The brass to John Stodeley, 1515, is engraved by Waller, and in Boutell's Brasses. DEANERY OF WENDOVER. 170. WiNCHENDON, LowER, St. Mc/iolas. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower and turret at west end. The general style of the church is D., with some good windows, the west doorway of tower is very good, and the arch is enriched with the four-leaved flower ; some good P. win- dows are inserted in various places, w.c. Portions of the ancient priory still remain. Two brasses of the fifteenth century axe engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 533. 171. WoRMiNGHALL, St. FetcT. A Small plain church of mixed styles, mostly P., with a P. tower at the west end, square and battlemented, the east window also P., the south doorway plain N. Partly rebuilt in 1847. i.h.p. The chancel-arch is N., and there is a widely splayed window, N. or E. E., in the north wall of the nave. a.b. The brass of Philip King, his wife, and twelve children, 1592, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 581. 172. WooTTON Underwood, .^^// /SiQj/^z/*. Chancel and nave, tower at west end. The tower is evidently modern, and all the other parts of the church have been so much modernized as to have but little of interest, the style appears to have been D. w.c. The Grenville chapel on south aisle was built 1343 by William and Mary Grenville. The brass of Edward and Alice Grenville, 1587, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 613. Beanerp of SKcntrober. 173. AsTON Clinton, St. Michael. The chancel is fine D., with a mutilated east window, it has a piscina and very good sedilia with elegant groinings : the chancel-arch and arches of the nave are E. E., with circular and octagonal pillars alternately: the north clerestory has two circular foliated windows; on the south side the windows are BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, modern. There is a low side window on the south side of chancel, a very fine ogee niche on the north side, and a pis- cina in the south aisle. The font and tower are modern, w.c. There is an engraving of stalls, &c,, in Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixvi. p. 841. 174. AsTON, St. Leonard's. Chancel, nave, and south porch, bell- turret on west gable. The whole of this church has been so completely faced with cement as to have none of the original work visible, it appears to have been D. ; the interior fittings are modern, w.c. ^^ 175. Aylesbury, St Mary. Cruciform; chancel with aisles, lady-chapel parallel with chancel, central tower, transepts, nave with aisles, and side chapels, clerestory, porch south-west, and doors north, west, and at extremity of south transept. The latter door good late P. The west doorway E. E., with handsome external arcade. There is also a finely moulded arcade of same date in chancel, in- cluding three lancet windows on north side, and again in south porch. Tower with fine lantern, and double trifo- rium, E. E. Vestry on north of chancel aisle, with upper story; ancient fire-place and baluster window in upper room ; ancient door to lower vestry, with curious winch lock. There is also an ancient moulded wooden cupboard, with swinging horse for vestments. Aumbry, sepulchre, E. E., and stalls with misereres on north side of chancel ; entrance with hanging stone steps to rood-loft. Two pis- cinae, (one square-headed, with projecting shaft,) reredos trefoil-headed, E. E., and sepulchre E. E., with massive D. feathering, and effigy of knight, fourteenth century, (dug up on the ground of the hospital of Grey Friars in this town,) all in north transept. In south transept remains of altar with mullioned squint for reredos, looking through aisle to chancel and lady-chapel, and having on north side a moulded groove for crucifix, with bracket and shaft (now chiselled away) beyond, and on south side a richly coloured niche. DEANERY OF WENDOVER. with crocketed pediment. There are also piscinae in both the side chantry chapels of nave ; in the north two tombs. Windows of chancel, three E. E., on each side, with bad P. of five lights at east end; all the windows in transepts, nave, and clerestory are now bad P. (the west debased), but some of the jamb mouldings are D. There is one mutilated D. window at the east end of the lady-chapel. The font N., with circular escalloped bowl, cushion-moulded base, and a double chevron moulding round the shaft. There are some very beautiful E. E. arches in the transepts, with tooth-moulding, and clustered jamb shafts. Encaustic tiles of numerous patterns, and several matrices, but no brass remaining. There is a curious little Latin cross floree, moulded within a quatrefoil, on a stone now inserted in the west wall of north aisle, a.b. There is a lithograpbic print of the font in Batty's History of Baptismal Fonts, 8vo. 1848. The font is also engraved in Lysons ; a south-east view of the church, and various details, in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 47. 176. QuARRENDON, St. Feter. In ruins, but chiefly D., and of remarkably beautiful proportions. There are engravings of the outside and inside of this chapel in the Gent's. Mag., vol. Ixxxvii. ii. p. 489 ; and a south-east view in Lipscomb, vol. i. p. 411. 177. BiERTON, St. James. Of mixed styles, the nave and aisles under one very low pitched roof, the pillars early D. The side windows of the chancel also early D., and a good doorway of the same style at the end of the south transept. The east window is late P. There are some poppy heads and wood- work, and some encaustic tiles. J.L.p. The font is plain N., with a cable moulding. The tower doorway and south doorway in south transept have good ogee crocketed hoods. There is a lithographic print of the font in Batty's Fonts. 178. BucKLAND, ^// ^a?^^. Chancel, nave, north aisle, clerestory and south porch, tower at west end. Generally BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, E. E. and D., with P. windows inserted in several places, but without any thing calling for particular remark. w,c. 179. Stoke Mandeville, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with clerestory, aisles and north porch, tower at west end. The chancel has some E. E. remains, one window and a piscina being in that style. The other parts of the church are D., with good piers and arches to the nave, and a few two-light windows. Some P. windows have been inserted in various places, the lower part of the tower is P., the upper part brick. There is a fine yew-tree near the south porch, w.c. 180. Bledlow, ^o/y 2V«W^y. A small D. church. The chancel has a single-light window in the north wall divided by a transom. The nave is separated from the aisles by four D. arches on round piers with foliated caps. The south doorway is good moulded E. E. recessed, with two shafts. There is a large plain round stoup in the south-east angle. The north doorway is plain, round-headed, with a moulded impost, and seems of E. E. character. The font is round, escal- loped, N. There is a square western tower, with a cornice of heads. In the churchyard is the base of a cross, h.a. There is a remarkable piscina in south aisle, with square deep drain. A stoup, very deep and good, east side of porch door. A niche east end of north aisle. A brass of priest now placed at back of aumbry, on north side of chancel. A small oak eagle. The seats in nave are moveable, a.b. 181. DiNTON, S8. Peter and Paul. Chancel, nave, south aisle, west tower, south porch. The church is E. E., pure though plain, with a triplet at the east end. The nave has five E. E. arches on octagonal piers. The south doorway is N., in which besides the usual N. ornaments appears a Roman guilloche ; the pillars have spiral shafts : in the tympanum is a rude carving, in bas relief, of two dragons DEANERY OF WENDOVER. devouring fruit from a tree, and St. Michael thrusting a cross into the mouth of the great dragon with the following inscription, Praemia pro meritis si quis desperet habenda Audiat hie praecepta sibi quae sint retinenda. Over the doorway is a P. porch. The windows in the north wall are also P. The font is early D., cup-shaped. There is the base of a churchyard cross, a.b. The N. doorway is engraved in Lysons, in Archaeologia, vol. x. pi. 17, and in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 146. 182. Ellesborough, SS, Peter and Paul. Chancel, nave, south aisle, with tower at the west end of the aisle. At the east end of the chancel are two N. loops, the side windows have had the heads cut olBFby the lowering of the roof. The chancel-arch is P., moulded. The nave has four arches on the south side, small P., on very lofty octagonal pillars with moulded caps and bases, the hood-mouldings have heads at the points of junction, the north windows are good P., the aisle windows also P., there is a curious squint from the east end of the aisle through the angle of the chancel wall towards the altar, having a double perforation towards the chancel, a single one towards the aisle. The tower stands over the west end of the aisle, and has P. arches opening into it, and into the nave, on the tower pier is a good corbel-head of a bishop. The west doorway and window are P., the font is D., the sides ornamented with sunk panels, and the rim with quatrefoils. In the aisle is a canopied Elizabethan tomb, with effigy of Bridgetta Croke, and a small late brass, with a figure in armour, and lady. h.a. Lipscomb gives an engraving of a very fine original canopy to the pulpit in this church, it is P. pyramidal open tabernacle-work. I^p° 183. Haddenham, St. Mary. A fine church of mixed styles, consisting of a chancel, a nave with aisles, and a west tower. The walls of the chancel are E. E., the BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, side windows very small single lancets, the east window is P., of five lights ; there is a D. low side window on the south side. The roof of the chancel is D. or early P. The tower is fine E. E. with an arcade round the belfry story, a corbel-table of masks and a plain parapet. The chancel-arch is plain, lofty, Transition N. The rood-screen and side screens are P. In the chancel window are some bits of E. E. glass. The nave has four plain E. E. arches on each side. The south aisle has D. walls with an original door- way and window, the others P. insertions. The north aisle has D. walls and buttresses, with a P. chapel added at the east end. The north porch is fine D., with side windows, and a trefoiled niche over the door. The west front is good plain E. E. The font is Transition N. There are some good open seats. In the north-east chapel, which is good P., is a piscina with diaper-work, i.h.p. There is an engraving of the arcade and a moulding, in the Glossary of Architecture, vol. ii. ; and a good P. bench-end, with a poppy in the form of the fleur-de-lis, in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 214. 184. CuDDiNGTON, St. Nicholas. Chancel, nave with aisles and south porch, tower and turret at west end. The piers and arches to the nave are N. and E. E., with some curious capitals ; a great portion of the exterior, the chancel- arch, and some other small portions are good D., an addition has been made to the south porch so as to enlarge the aisle ; this part has two D. windows with finely carved heads to the drip mouldings, but the tracery is gone. There is a good D. screen across the chancel-arch. The tower is good P., the font N. w.c. 185. H ALTON, St. Michael. Modern. The foundations of the capacious ancient chancel (now supplied by a shallow apse) are apparent in the churchyard, a.b. A brass with the effigies of Baron Bradschawe, 1553. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 225. DEANERY OF WENDOVER. 186. Hampden, Great, St. Mary Magdalene. Chancel, nave with aisle and south porch, tower at south-west angle. The lower part of the tower is E. E., the upper part P., with a good three-light window at the west end ; the piers and arches to the nave are D., with good mouldings : the rest of the church is P., with very good three-light windows. Pis- cina trefoil-headed, shelf and drain ; a squint on the north side of the chancel-arch. There is a stone coffin standing in the churchyard. This church is best known as the bui^ial- place of John Hampden, w.c. Some monuments to the Hampden family, the oldest 1493. A view of the church and house, and woodcuts of two brasses of the Ilampdens, 1493, and 1553, are given in Lipscomb, vol. ii. pp. 289, 290. 187. Hartwell, The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin. Erected by Sir William Lee about 1756. Built after the chapter-house at York. Octagonal, with small apse for chancel : roof worked in fan-tracery, a.b. 188. Hampden, Little, . Chancel, nave, and north porch, with bell-turret over it. The only portion that has any mark of antiquity is a single-light E. E. window on the north side of the chancel, now stopped up, all the other parts of the church are quite devoid of interest, w.c. 189. Horsenden, St. Michael. A small P. church, having the nave and chancel under one roof, with a low tower at the west end, the whole church of one style, with good three-light windows, w.c. There is a view of the church in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 328. 190. HuLcoTT, All Saints? or St. Nicholas? Chancel, nave with south aisle and north porch, and bell-turret at west end. Some portions of this church are very plain E. E., this refers to the piers and arches of the nave, a doorway on the north side of the chancel, and some other small parts, there is one small D. window on the south side of the chancel, the remaining parts are P. w.c. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 191. Great Kimble, St. Nicholas. An oblong D. church, with a western tower. In the chancel is a rude piscina in the south-eastern angle. The nave has north and south aisles, the tower has a cornice of masks and heads under the battlements. The font is N., consisting of an es- calloped basin on an enriched base. There are several encaustic tiles in the chancel, h.a. There is a lithographic print of the font in Batty's Fonts. 192. Little Kimble, All Saints. A small D. church, having a chancel and nave. The chancel has pointed win- dows, a plain piscina in the east wall, and a low side win- dow in the north, which is remarkable as being in imme- diate juxtaposition wdth another D. window, itself being a small E. E. window with deep internal splay. The chancel- arch is moulded D. On the south of the nave is a small bracket, and a piscina, aD. doorway with masks at the hood terminations, and a P. porch. There is also a north door- way and porch. The font is plain, round. Below the altar platform are some curious figured tiles, and on the w^alls of the church are ancient frescoes, which are nearly obli- terated. H.A. and a.b. The church is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 354. 193. Lacey Green, . Modern, 1825. Chapel of ease to Risborough. 194. Lee, St. John Baptist. Chancel and nave, with modern south porch, and bell-turret on west gable. Style E. E., with single-light windows at the sides, and one of three lights at the east end, good piscina and sedile on south side of the chancel, and several good old seats, w.c. 195. MissENDEN, Great, St. Feter and St. Paul. A cross church, with aisles and clerestory to the nave, south porch, and tower at the west end. The tower has been E. E., but has been much modernized, the windows in the upper stage are P., the piers and arches to the nave are DEANERY OF WENDOVER. D., with good moulded capitals, there are goodD. windows in various parts of the church, especially some of two lights on the south side of the chancel ; P. windows have been in- serted in the transepts and other parts ; clerestory P. w.c. There is a brass of John Iwardby and his wife Katherine, daughter and heiress of Bernard de Missenden, with four children, 1536. The man in good civil costume, the lady with the homed head-dress. Also a curious one of Margaret Metcalf, 1596. There are some small remains of the flint walls of Missenden abbey in this parish. Lipscomb gives a south-east view of the church, woodcuts of the arms of the abbey, and the seals of the abbey and the abbot, and the brasses, ii. 367. 196. Missenden, Little, SL John Baptist. Chancel with north aisle, nave with aisles and south porch, tower and turret at west end. The lower part of the tower is E. E., the upper portion and the turret good P., the chancel E. E., having single-light windows on the side and a triplet at the east end ; there are one or two small D. windows remaining, and also some P. inserted in various places, w.c. 197. Monks RisBOROUGH, iS/. i)^^;z5^a;?. A fine church, consisting of chancel, nave, aisles, clerestory, tower and turret at west end. The general design of the tower and some of the details are good E. E., late in the style, they have a plain parapet supported by a good block cornice, the west doorway and most of the windows are very good D., the nave and aisles are D., with some good windows, but there are P. windows inserted in various places, chan- cel and clerestory P., with good windows. Pont N., curious, cup-shaped, and fluted. Some few good bench-ends re- maining, w.c. There are a few brasses ; some good painted glass ; and some good encaustic tiles. The panels of the rood-screen are painted with figures of saints, &c. ; and a richly moulded niche at the east end of the north aisle, a.b. The font and the brass of a priest are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 421. I BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, 198. Princes Risborough, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, aisles and south porch, modern tower and sph'e at west end, there is a clerestory to the nave. The original style of this church was E.E., of which there are still considerable re- mains, two good window^s of that style on the north side of the chancel, and some good D. Avindows in various parts, the east window is square -headed P. The south porch is D., with good inner doorway, w.c. A double piscina ; a low side window on the north side of chancel. Pont octagonal P. a.b. There is a view of the church in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 426. 199. Stone, St. John Baptist. A cross church, with aisles and clerestory to the nave, south porch, modern chancel, tower and turret at the west end. There are some considerable remains of N. work in this church, such as the piers and arches of the nave, and a very good doorway in the south porch, but the general style is E. E. ; the tower and turret are very good, finished with gables, and a para- pet with a good cornice of masks ; there is a D. doorway and window inserted in the tower. The chancel and transepts are E. E. ; the south transept has a good triplet. A stoup in east w^all of porch, the north doorway is stopped up, and P. windows have been inserted in various places. In the churchyard there is the base of a stone cross, w.c. There are remains of a stoup in the porch. The font is circular, with rude sculptures of salamander, and other figures, very curious. It was lately brought here from a garden at Lewisham, Kent, and originally, it is said, from the church of Hampstead Norris, Berks, being removed thence 200 years ago. (Vide Dash on Hundred of Comp- ton.) The chancel is just rebuilt, of considerably smaller size than the ancient one, and the nave new seated. Two brasses, 1472, 1520, the latter palimpsest, a.b. 200. TowERSEY, St. Catherine. Chancel, nave, and south porch, small transept on north side, modern bell-tur- DEANERY OF WENDOVER. ret at west end. Most of this church is D., with good two- Hght windows, the south porch has a room over it. Pont a plain octagon shaft. There is a small N. piscina in the chancel, w.c. A piscina is engrayed in the Glossary of Architecture, vol. ii. 201. Wendover, /S^/. J/«/y. Chancel, nave, aisles, west tower. The chancel was restored in 1839, it has a square- headed trefoiled piscina quite plain, chancel arch D. moulded. The nave is also D., and has five arches on each side, with clustered pillars on moulded bases, the capitals enriched ^\ ith foliage and sculpture, some of the pillars have octagonal abaci, the others are round, the tower-arch is D., similar to the chancel-arch, the tower itself is square and low, with diagonal buttresses. The aisles have windows of two lights, with a quatrefoil in the head, but from these and from the clerestory windows the tracery has been cut out. The south aisle contains a plain trefoil piscina, the south door- way is D., with good mouldings, and is ornamented with ball-flowers and the four-leaved flower in the soffit of an arch ; there are remains of a stoup, and a curious mural brass, of W. Bradshaw, gent., and Avife, 1537, with their nine children, and the names of twenty-three grand-chil- dren. H.A. The brass is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 491. 202. Weston Tuhville, St. Mary. Chancel, nave with aisles, clerestory, and porches, and tower and turret at west end. This church is principally D., with good piers and arches to the nave, and good two-light windows; there is some screen-work across the chancel-arch, and a piscina on south side of chancel, both good specimens of the style. The tower is P., and has a good arch opening into the nave; there are some old seats remaining in the chancel. Pont N., curious, cup-shaped. P. windows inserted in various places BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, There is a brass of a man in a furred gown, without in- scription, w.c. The font and brass are engraved in Lipscomb, vol. ii. p. 501. Beauery of Mgcombe. 203. Bradenham, St Botolph. A late poor P. church. A chapel on the north side of the chancel was built by William Lord Windsor in 1542, as appears by an in- scription round the cornice. 204. Fawley, St. Mary. Nave and chancel, tower at west end, and a small south transept bearing date 1633. With the exception of the tower, which is a good plain specimen of E. E., the whole of the church has been so much altered as to have no point of interest remaining, w.c. 205. FiNGEST, St. Bartholomew. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower at west end. The whole of this church seems to have been good N.; the tower and nave are still of that style, the former having good double windows on each side of the upper stage, the lower stage has rather a curious D. window : the chancel appears to have been E.E., but has P. windows inserted in various places, w.c. 206. Hambledon, St. Mary. Has been much patched and modernized, and various doors and windows stopped It is a large cross church, of flint, with a modern west tower ; there seems to have been originally aN. tower at the inter- section, and there are portions of the three later styles. There is a good N. font. A south doorway with plain good mouldings, and three stalls and a water- drain in the chancel with ogee heads and good crocketed canopies, rickman. A brass to John White, 1487, is engraved in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 575. 207. Hedsor, /S'if. iV/(?/^(5/«5. Chancel and nave. A small poor church, without any thing remarkable. Part seems D., DEANERY OF WYCOMBE. other parts P.; it stands in a pretty situation in Lord Bos- ton's park. A.N. " Near the church is a yew-tree, which measures 27 feet in circumference." lysons. 208. HuGHENDON, or HiTCHENDON, St. Michael. Chan- cel, north aisle, nave with south porch, tower on north side. Some parts of the tower are E. E., but some of the win- dows and other portions are P. ; there is a plain N. door- way in the porch. At the east end are two curious three- light D. windows, and at the west end a very good P. win- dow of four lights ; there are also one or two single-light E. E. windows remaining, w.c. There are some good effi- gies of knights, supposed descendants of Simon de Mont- fort. A good brass of a priest, (Robert Thurloe,) A.D. 1493. A monumental effigy in this church is engraved in Stothard's Monuments of Great Britain, p. 36. The font, an early gravestone with cross, and four effigies, are given by Lipscomb, vol. iii. pp. 688 — 591. 209. Lane End, Holy Trinity. Modem. 210. LouDWATER, . Rebuilt in 1788. 211. Marlow, Great, ^// /S'a?;?/^. Rebuilt, a.n. 212. Marlow, Little, St. John Baptist. Is principally P., plain, but good, rickman. Consists of chancel with aisle, nave with aisles, and west tower. The chancel is E. E., the windows on the north side of two lights not foliated, with a circle foliated; internally these windows have E. E. shafts, externally the drip is a roll moulding. The nave is chiefly P., the tower E. E. or early D. There is an altar- tomb of Nicholas Ledwick, 1430, founder either of the church or chancel, as appears from his epitaph on a brass, a.n. There is a view of the church in Lipscomb, vol. iii. p. 600. 213. Medmenham, St. Peter. Mave and chancel under one roof, P. tower and tun^et at west end, south porch modern, the inner doorway N. The prevailing style of the church is D., with square-headed windows, east window P. The whole of the church and yard are kept in very good BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, order. A short distance from the church are some remains of the abbey, now used as a dweUing-house. w.c. There is a view of the ruins of the abbey in the Beauties of England and Wales, p. 375. 214. Radnage, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, and south porch, tower in centre. The latter has some appearance of N. work on the lower stage, but the upper stage and most of the church are E. E., there is a plain triplet at the east end of the chancel, most of the other windows are good D., an E. E. piscina on south side. w.c. 215. Saunderton, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, and south porch, modern bell- turret at west end. General style D., with modern windows inserted in various parts, D. sedilia on south side. w.c. 216. TuRviLLE, St. Mary. Chancel, nave, and south porch, with low P. tower at west end. Chancel D., with some good two-hght windows, east window stopped up ; south doorway Transition from N. to E. E. \ font N.; some few old benches remaining, w.c. 217. WooBURN, St. Fad. Chancel, with north aisle, nave with aisles, west tower. The east window of the chancel is of singular design, late D. or early P. The tower is P. The rest of the church is plain Transition, with P. windows inserted, a.n. There are several brasses. There is a view of the church in the Beauties of England and Wales, p. 386. 218. %W Wycombe, High, or Chipping, All Saints. Is a large church, the exterior of which has lately been repaired with cement. There is a west tower, nave and aisles, tran- septs, chancel, and aisles. The tower, the piers, and arches, the clerestory, and wood roofs are P. The battlements of the tower modern ; most of the exterior walls, the south porch, and several windows, are of good early D. character. The south aisle and east windows are P. There are por- DEANERY OF WYCOMBE. tions of the rood-loft, and some very good wood screen- work remaining. The arches to the transept are earHer than those in the nave, and the details of the earlier doors and windows are very good. Part of the walling is flint and chalk in small squares, rickman. During the repairs of the grammar school, (formerly the hospital of St. John,) in 1840, discoveries were made of the remains of a Nor- man church, including arches, piers/ &c. Dr. Lipscomb gives the ground-plan in his work. Several piers with caps remain, which Dr. Lipscomb calls N., and describes as "ornamented with sculptured fohage and shells, and on one of them a dragon." The school-room he sup- poses to have been the refectory ; " in the north wall is one lancet-shaped window, and another of the D. style." a.b. 219. Wycombe, West, /S'^. Zfl:2^r^;2c^. Erected in 1763. INDEX or SAINTS, AFTER WHOM CHURCHES ARE NAMED IN BUCKINGHAMSHIRE. All Saints, 35. 82. 88. 94. 99. 103. 107. 114. 117. 119. 120. 126. 148. 152. 153. 164. 172. 178. 190? 192. 211. 218. St. Andrew, 62. 118. The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin, 187. St. Augustine, 33. St. Bartholomew, 205. St. Botolph, 203. St. Catharine, 13. 200. St. Cecilia, 2. St. Dunstan, 197. St. Edmund, 19. St. Edward, 24. St. Etheldreda, 15. St. Faith, 124. St. Firmin, 106. St. Giles, 26. 38. 58. 66. 91. 134. 165. Holy Cross, 87. Holy Trinity, 56. 57. 70. 141. 142. 143. 180. 209. St. James, 3. 4. 47. 51. 65. 78. 110. 149. 177. St. John Baptist, 16. 22. 73. 146. 194. 196. 199. 212. St. John Evangelist, 23, 92. St. Laud, 128. St. Laurence, 9. 60. 67. 85. 96. 98. 102. 104. 139. St. Leonard, 12. 40. 157. 174. St. Margaret, 7. St. Martin, 71. 132. St. Mary the Virgin, 1. 6. 17. 20. 21. 25. 28. 31. 32. 34. 41. 42. 43. 45. 46. 50. 52. 53. 61. 63. 69. 72. 75. 76. 80. 81. 83. 84. 86. 89. 93. 97. 100. 101. 105. 111. 112. 113. 115. 116.121. 127. 131. 136. 138. HO. 144. 145. 151. 154. 155. 156. 161. 162. 163. 166. 175. 179. 183. 198. 201. 202. 204. 206. 214. 215. 216. St. Mary Magdalene, 30. 37. 133. 167. 169. 186. St. Mary and St. Nicholas, 5. 44. St. Michael, 10. 11. 29. 48. 54. 137. 147. 168. 173. 185. 189. 208. St. Nicholas, 14. 18. 59. 68. 79. 123. 129. 150. 158. 160. 170. 184. 190? 191. 207. St. Paul, 217. St. Peter, 27. 36. 39. 55. 64. 108. 109. 130. 135. 159. 171. 176. 213. SS. Peter and Paul, 8. 77. 95. 122. 125. 181. 182.195. St. Swithin, 90. Unknown, 49. 74. 188. 193. 210. ALPHABETICAL INDEX. No. No. A. C. Addington - - . 1 Calverton 103 Adstock 2 Castlethorpe - 111 Akeley with Stockholt - 8 Caversfield - 9 Amersham - - - 34 Chalfont, St Giles - 38 Ankerwycke Priory 62 St. Peter - 39 Ashendon . . . 145 Chearsley 150 Aston Abbotts 65 Cheddington - 66 Clinton 173 Chenies 48 St Leonard's 174 Chesham Bois 40 Sandford 147 St Mary - 41 Astwood - - . 64 Chetwode - 5 Aylesbury - - - 175 Chicheley - 104 Chilton 151 B. Choulesbury - 67 Barton Hartshorn - 4 Claydon, (East) - 154 153 Beaconsfield - - - 35 6 /O* 1.\ 10 Beauchampton Biddlesden - 7 Clifton Reynes 105 Bierton - . - 177 Clinton Aston 173 Bledlow 180 Colnbrook in Horton 42 Bletchley 97 Crawley, (North) 106 Boarstall 149 Crendon, (Long) 155 Boveney - . _ 37 Cublington - 68 Bow Brickhill 99 Cuddington - 184 Bradenham - - - 203 Bradwell - - - ^ 98 D. Brayfield 116 Datchet 43 BrickhiU, (Bow) - 99 Dayrell Lillingston - 18 100 101 T^PTiTiJiTn - - « 46 riittlr"^ Dinton - - - - 181 iOX Brill . . . . 148 Ditton - - - - 45 Broughton . . . 102 Domey - - - - 47 Buckingham - - - 8 Dorton - - - - 146 Buckland 178 Drayton Beauchamp 69 Bumham - - - 36 70 Bury Stanton - 130 Dunton- - . - 71 ALPHABETICAL INDEX. No. No. £. Homton - 16 Easington - . - 152 Horsenden - 189 Eastmanstead Chenies - * 48 Horton - - 54 Edgcot - - - - 11 Horwood, (Great) - 78 Edlesborougli 72 (Little) - 79 Ellesborough - - - 182 Hulcott- - 190 Emberton - ^ - 107 Eton - - - - 44 I. F. t^° ICKFORD - 158 Ilmer - - 159 Farnham Royal 50 Iver - 55 Fawley - - - - 204 Ivinghoe - 80 Filgrove _ . - 136 Fingest - - - - 205 K. Fleet Marston 156 Kimble, (Great) _ 191 Foscott- - - - 12 (Little) . 192 Fulmar - - - - 51 Kingsey - 160 G. Kings Sutton - - 27 Gawcott 13 L. Gayhurst 108 Goldington Stoke - 109 Lacy Green - - 193 Grandborough 73 Lane End - 209 G tendon Underwood 157 Langley Marsh - 63 Grove - - - - 74 Lathbury - 114 Latimer in Chesham 49 H. Lavendon . 115 Haddenham - 183 Leckhampstead Lee - • 17 194 Halton - - - - Hambledon - 185 206 Lillingstone Dayrell Linford, (Great) - 18 117 Hampden, (Great) - (J ittlr"\ 186 188 (Little) Linslade - 118 81 Hanslope - 110 Loudwater 210 Hardmead 112 Loughton _ 119 Hardwick - - 75 Ludgershall - 161 Hartshorn Barton - 4 Hartwell 187 Haversham - 113 M. Hawridge 76 1^" Maids Morton - 19 Hedgerley 52 Mansell Shenley - 127 Hedsor - - - - 2U7 Marlow, (Great) - 211 HiLLESDON - Hitcham 14 53 fj iH^r'\ oi o Marsh Gibbon _ 20 Hitchendon - 208 ^^ Marston, (North) 162 Hoggeston . - - 77 Marsworth - 82 Horley - - - - 15 Medmenham - - 213 ALPHABETICAL INDEX. No. No. Mentmore ... 83 S. Milton Keynes - 120 Sandford Aston . 147 Missenden, (Great) 195 Saunderton - . 215 (Little) - 196 Shabbington - . 167 Monks Risborough or Shalstone - 24 Priors r ' ' 197 Shenley Mansell - 127 Moulsoe - - - 121 Sherrington - - 128 Mursley . - - 84 Simpson - 129 Slapton - 87 Snelshall Priory - 93 N. Soulbery - 88 Nettleden 85 Stanton Bury - ISO Newport Pagnel 122 Steeple Claydon - 10 Newton Blossomville 123 t^° Stewkley - - 89 124 Stockholt with Akeley 3 o NoUey Abbey 155 Stoke Goldington 109 131 Mandeville 179 O. Poges - 58 Oakley - - - - 163 Stone - 199 Olney - - - - 125 Stowe - 25 Oving - - - - 164 Stratford, (Water) 26 132 P. (Stoney), St Mary Magdalene - - 138 Padbury 21 St Giles - . 134 Penn - - - - 56 Sutton Kings - . . 27 Penn Street - 57 Swanboume - . . 90 Pitchcott 165 Pitstone 86 T. Preston Bissett - 22 Taplow - . 59 Princes Risborough 198 Thornborough - 28 Priors Risborough - 197 Thornton . 29 Tingewick - SO Tottenhall or Tottenhoe 91 Q. Tottenhoe or Tattenhall 91 Quainton ... 166 Towersey - 200 Quarrendon ... 176 Turville . 216 Turweston . 31 Twyford - 32 R. Tyringham . - 135 Radclive - - - 23 Radnage • . - - 214 U. Ravenstone - - - 126 Upton and Chawley - 60 Risborough (Priors or Monks) - 197 W. Risborough Princes 198 Waddesdon - - - 168 ALPHABETICAL INDEX. No. No. Walton- 137 Wingrave ... 95 Water Stratford - 26 Winslow 96 Wavendon - . . 138 Wolston, (Great) . 143 Wendover - - . 201 (Little) - 142 Westbury - . - 33 Wolverton, Holy Trinity - 141 Weston Turville - 202 St. George •141 Underwood 139 Wooburn - . - 217 Wexham - - - 61 Wootton Underwood 172 Whaddon 93 Worminghall - 171 Whitchurch - 92 Wonghton on the Green . 144 Willen .... 140 1^" Wycombe, (High) 218 Winchendon, (Lower) ^TTnnrr'^ 170 169 CWct^ 219 62 Wyrardisbury (^ upper; WiNGE 94 ,^.- OXFORD: PRINTED BY I. SHRIMPTOIf. 1 14 DAY USE RETURN TO DESK FROM WHICH BORROWED LOAN DEPT. RENEWALS ONLY— TEL NO. 642-3405 This book is due on the last date stamped below, or on the date to which renewed. Renewed books are subjert to immediate recall. 4 TA '^~ *^* « (IIC'D U) JUN 1 70 •2 PM <> SENT ON ILL JUt 1 6 1999 U. C. BERKELEY ! i LD21A-60m.3,'70 iT-.St^^'if-r.uK™-, (N5382sl0)476^A-32 Umversgy^o^gliforoia